Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1890-08-09
THE SIEGE OF SANTA FE
BY the Insurgent indians of the Pueb
los in the Year 1890
Specially prepared for the New Mexican
BY PROF. F. A. BANDELlER,
Meuiber American Archaeological institute


Continued
The Pros, the most southerly stock of
Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, had not
participated in the outbreak. A consider
ablo pueblo Of theirs stood at Alamillo,
another at Socorro. At the former place
the fugitives halted and there, on the Goth
of August, they were joined by Sebastian
de Herrera and Fernando de Chavez who,
having escaped from the massacre at
Taos, passed IN sight Of Santa Fe where
they witnessed, from the timbered heights
in the east, the engagements on Friday
and Saturday and thence, avoiding care
fully the pueblo of Pecos, struck the Rio
Grande at Alamillo. Their descriptions
OF EVENTS AT SANTA FE
convinced the lieutenant governor that
his chief was still holding out. So
he again declared his intention
of leaving all on'combatants at
SOcOrro and going north to open commu-
nication with Otermin. Again he was
overruled, and again it was the family of
Mendoza and Don Pedro Duran y Chavez
who opposed him, and finally compelled
even the abandonment of Socorro. In all
probability the opposition was in the
right, for the twenty or twenty-five men
would
HAVE Persisted AT THE HANDS
OF the enemy without ever reaching their
destination, and in that case the women
and children were left at the mercy of the
Indians, for while the Spaniards were at
Pllabo (as the pueblo of Socorro was
al ha ~ ata1x
entered the village with pressing mes
sage to its inhabitants to rid themselves
of their guests and join the rebels also.
Nevertheless, Garcia did only partially
yield. He suffered the bulk of the people
to proceed onward as far as Fray Cristo-
bal in the tornado del Muerto where,
close to watering place. they felt COM
paratively safe. He, with five men,
turned back to meet the governor,
of whose return he had mean
while been informed through In
dians.
BOTH NET AT THE NUTRIAS,
nearly opposite the present town
Of Belen, and Otermin, incensed
at what he regarded as treason
on the part of his subordinate,
put him under arrest. 1t was easy for
Garcia to establish, beyond all doubt,
that he had been prevented from coming
to the assistance OF the governor, through
the refusal of the others to obey. The
march was then resumed toward SOCorro.
While they were moving along and had
already passed Alamilo, a cloud of dust
was noticed, which rapidly approached
hn VT
commanded by the Maestro de Campo
Pedro de Leyba. The convoy had safely
reached FL Paso del Norte on the 18th
of August, with the convoy came that
MOST ENERGETIC MONK,
Fray Francisco de Ayeta. He forth
with dispatched Leyba with what
ever supplies could be conveniently
transported on pack animals, while
he remained at Ell Paso loading the
carts of the convoy with provisions, arm
ing the few Spaniards, gathering food
from the valley OF Casas Grandes, APP
pealing to the governor Of New Blscay for
men and ammunition.
By October the survivors from New
Mexico were safely quartered near Ell
Paso del Norte.
THEIR NUMBER, ALL TOLD,
vas | ,946. Nearly one half of them were
Indians. A number of the Pros of
Alamilo and Socorro had joined the
Spaniards voluntarily. Several hundred
of Mexican Indians, servants, were also
included, so that 200 may be safely re-
garded, as the number of the Spaniards
who escaped from the massacrees and
engagements of August, 1880. On these
facts, established by official documents
in our possession, we base our statement
that the Spanish population OF New Mex
leo up to 1850, barely numbered 800
souls.
IT SEEMS ALMOST INCREDIBLE
that the pueblo Indians, with their great
superiority of numbers, their armament,
and the quantity of horses at their COM
mand, made no effort to impede the
retreat OF Otermin. From the muster
roll it appears, that among the whole
crowd with which he effected his escape
from New Mexico, there were only lob
able-bodied men, seventy of whom were
completely unarmed. Still it ought not
to surprise us. The uprising had no
central head, no organization beyond that
of each tribe and vague leagueship, such
as the Pueblos were accustomed to from
IN olden times.
THE NORTHERN PUEBLOs.
obeyed the couRsels of Pope, Chato, Zaca,
Nicolas Tonva, Francisco Tanjete. The
Pecos and Tanos had their leaders and
recognized none of those previously men,
toned. The QUERIES were controlled by
Cattle and the Olita, the Jemez and the
Tiguas by chiefs of their own. So it
came, that while the uprising was pre-
concerted and simultaneous movement,
the operations against Otermin were very
loosely conducted. He was supposed
to defeat the Tanos, Pecos, Te-
haus, and Taos at Santa Fe.
To infict such damage upon them, that
they were also to leave him alone. The
QUERIES at Santo Domingo had set trap
for the Spaniards; it was discovered in
time
AND THE INDIANS BAFFLED.
The QUERIES afterward, reinforced by
the Jemez, waited for Otermin at the
Angostura, but they ventured not