Audubon County Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Audubon Co., Iowa) 1885-1894, 1890-06-05
A GREAT CHANGE.

A. SNASAAAA SAAAAAs SAAs
FULL TEXT OF THE ADDRESS DELIVER
ED BY REV. E. DICKINSON MEMORIAL
DAY.-REMARKS BY JUDGE CARSON.
Brothers Of Allison Post, Ladies Of the
Relief Corps, Ladies and Gentlemen !:
/ am grateful to the members of Al
lison Post for the kind appreciation eX-
pressed as well as indicated in this re-
newed invitation to address you on
this day dedicated to grateful remem-
brance of our patriot dead.
After some mental debate l have
thought best to call your attention as
briefly as possible to A Great Contrast,
as that contrast appears in the COM
mencement and conclusion of Our
Great Civil War, in the elimination of
the great conspiracy in Rebel Confeder
acy confident and defiant and its utter
collapse in complete and crushing de-
feat. The younger generation should
be made familiar with conflict I'M
paralleled in the history of the world
either in its magnitude or its impor-
lance Its events are eloquent and edu-
eating. We are to glance, (and 1t can
be only glance at the inaugural of
the great rebellion and the consequent
national humiliation and the issue of
the conflict in national vindication, to
see the oncoming clouds of civil war
charged with lightnings, the sullen
roar of the thunder threatening nation
al ruin, the flag trampled in the dust
and the government defed, then see a
sky of cloudless blue arching over a
nation redeemed, the old flag floating
in, frlnfxr without a stain and
never before over the land of the free.
1t will, l think, give an added signifi
canoe to Memorial Day, a deeper sense
of thankfulnesS to God and a higher
appreciation of the precicusness, the
value of that sacrifice so freely made
by hundreds of thousands who sleep
not only where friends and neighbors
can scatter upon their graves the beau
tiful and fragrant tributes of love and
gratitude, but who also, multitudeS of
them,
Sleep far away,
Sleep where their friends cannot find them to
They who on mountain and hillside and dell,
Rest where they wearied, and lie where they
The rebellion was slave holders. re-
beliOn. The institution of slavery was
its procuring cause and its animating
spirit. But it would have been utterly
impossible, but for the doctrine OF
States Rights, which came to be religi,
ously believed in; in all the Slave States
There was strong State Rights party
in convention, which in September OF
1887, after about four months delibera-
Constitution for submission to the
cfo fnr. thair ratification Nnt II
was decided early in the Convention
that the Constitution was not to be {
mere compact between Sovereign States
nation. But in 1893, Congress passed
an odious ALLEN and Sedition Law,
which gave to the President the pOwe
to send out of the country any aliel
whom he might consider dangerous t.
the peace and safety of the Unite,
States. ThereupOn James Madison
drew up resolutions for adoption b
the Legislature of Virginia, an
Thomas Jefferson similar ones for tn
Legislature of Kentucky, which affirm
ed the right of state to nullify an
law of Congress which it deemed III
constitutional. These were not tn
real opinions of these great men, bu
they saw an opportunity to make poll
ical capital out of a blunder of the Fec
eral party, which resulted in maxim
Thomas Jefferson President of tn
United States. They little dreame
whereto those seeds sown thus earl
would grow: they could not forecas
the future, and see by what awful col
flict and blOodshed the question mus
be settled whether the State or the n;
tiOn, was sovereign.
/ will not detain you with referenC
to the outbreak of this State Right
Spirit, in The Whiskey Rebellion
Pennsylvania in 1894, in the Hartfor
Resolutions of 1915, in the agitatio
incident to the admission of Missouri
as Slave State, by what is known {
the Missouri Compromise i'll 1921, an
in the Georgia Rebellion in 1925.
1928, Senator Hayne, of South Carolinj
asserted the right of state I. e. {
course South Carolina to nulliy the Ia
lift law just passed. Mr.. Webster +,
piled in the grandest speech in the al
nails of congressional debate. III
ground the doctrine of notification il
to the earth by unanswerable argumeI
and by scathing sarcasm and reSistleS
ridicule, SO covered it with coltemp
that it seemed as if it could never /
reSurrected. But in 1882, a South Ca
DINA convention declared the tart
laws of 1928 and 1882, null and vol
and refused to submit the question {
their constitutionality to the decision {
the supreme court and declared if til
general government attempted to Ell
force these laws by naval or militar
power, then the Union between SOut
Carolina and the United States shoul
be dissolved and convention called
form government for the state. !
special session of the Legislature VIZ
called which authorized the Govern(
to call out the militia to resist the Ell
forcement of these laws, and the pu
chase of ten thousand stand of arm
and the necessary munitions of wa
But Gen. Jackson sent a sloop of WI
to Charleston harbor and Gen. ScOt
with strong garrison to Fort Mou
trie. This prompt display of force Sc
tied secession for the time.
John G. Calhoun, but for Clay al
Webster would have swung from ii
scaffold, as the penalty of treasc
against the United States. Gen. JAG
son insisted that he made a mistake
letting him go. And when we think
the bloody sacrifice of our civil war
looks as if he was right. But Calhol
lived and the doctrine of state Sove
eighty he championed lived, and I
antagonism by the Northern conscien
of Southern slavery, gave to the Sta
Rights doctrine a new vitality 81
power. All through the south it W
the political confession of faith tn
the constitution was Compact
Sovereign States, that the loyalty of
citizen was due to his state first, and
the general government next and tn
the states had this reserved right
Secession, for cause, from the Nation
Union. The purpose at length W
formed on the part of some of the lea
ers, especially in the cotton growi
states to break up the old Union al
establish Southern Slave ConfederaC
1t became, to them, evident after t
election of Mr.. Buchanan, that tn
could not hope much longer to CONT
congressional legislation, or for mu,
farther extension of the area Of slayel
They could easily have defeated /
election of Mr.. Lincoln, in 1860 for
only received |, $3.50, 4i2 votes, on a pc
utlar unfa Of A 600 tOQ anA opIy ahn