Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-05-31
SPANISH MERINOS.
The Fate of the First Flock Struggled
Into the Tn ted States.


Into the Tn tod states.
The story Of the development in Spain
Of the cultivated 'merino" sheep is an
interesting one, but can not be told
here. America did not obtain these
fine sheep until this century. Our So
called native sheep were brought
over by the early colonists, the first to
jamestown in 1909, in small focks of
unknown but coarse breeds. In Massa-
chusetts they throve particularly well,
and in 1645 that colony passed laws to
encourage sheep-raising. In 11S5 the
Society for the Promotion OF Agriculture
in South Carolina offered medal for
the first flock of ''merinos" kept in the
State. 1t was not till 1898, however,
that Hon. William Foster, of Massa-
chusetts, nuggled three fine ''merinos, ="
valued at 81, 800, from Spain to
friend in Boston-only to be
thanked for the delicious NUT
ton he had sent home! About
1901 the ram Dom Pedro" was import
ed to a farm on the Hudson river, and
pair of Spanish merinos were obtained
also by Mr.. Seth Adams, OF Dorchester,
Mass, afterward of Dresden, .. In 1902
Colonel Humphrey, United States Min
lister to Spain, sent to his farm in Der
nv. Conn. a considerable flock, and from
the wool of this stock President Madi-
sons Inauguration coat was made in
1909. The .sfull-blood" wool brought as
much as 81 a pound, and pairs of these
merinos were sold at So, OOO A merino
craze was the consequence; In lS1O-11
hundred and six cargoes, aggregating
Is, 767 sheep, mostly Spanish, arrived in
the United States, largely the purchases
of William Jarvis, of Vermont, Consul
at Lisbon, from the fine fiocks coniscat-
ed and sold by the Spanish Junta.
During the embargo of the war OF 1912
"full-blood" wool reached 81. so pound;
but. in the collapse which followed,
pure merino sheep sold as low as dollar
q head, and many OF the best tiocks
were dispersed One Stephen Atwood,
Of Ohio, buying from the Humphrey
flock in 1918, bred carefully for half a
century, with such success that in 1858
one of his rams yielded fleece of thirty
two pounds. In 1S49 Edwin Hammond,
Of Vermont, who, like Whitney with his
eotton-gin, has added untold millions to
the wealth of his country, bought an
Atwood ram, the famous ''Old Black, ;"
and from the Hammond flock the So
called American merino" was devel-
oped, a foot shorter in the neck and six
inches in the foreleg, yet weighing TWEEN
ky-fve pounds more than its Spanish
orogenitors of a half-century back.
In 1926 a mania for Saxony merinos
swept over the country, but our stock is
still chiefly of Spanish descent, there
being probably million pure American
merinos of that blood. One American
merino" fleece on record showed 1866
per cent. of the weight OF the animal;
and the ram Buckeye" shorn at the
estate shearing" in Michigan, in 1884,
produced a fleece Of forty-four pounds.
These enormous feeces, however, are
apt to be so full of ''yolk,' or natural
sil, that some have been known to leave
less than a quarter of their weight in
secured wool; whereas it is commonly
reckoned that unwashed fieeces should
Yield one-third, and washed fleeces
about one-half, of their weight in
secured wool.-R R. Bowker, in Har-
per's Magazine.