davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1890-10-22

Tho Farmsrs' Review Makes m Estimate
From Special Reports.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
Paper Car Wheels.

Paper car wheels are made from COM
mon straw boards or ''straw lumber" as
it is generally called. These boards are
square when they come from the mill.
At the car wheel factory these are cut
into circular disks by a large knife
which swings on a radial arm over a ia
bic upon which the straw board sheets
are spread. A small circular hole is cut
in the centre for the iron hub, for YOU
must understand that this paper wheel is
not all paper, by any means. Pressure
is next applied and in the following
manner: Sheets to the number of ten
or dozen are pasted together; when
enough of these discs have been prepared
to fill a powerful hydraulic press and
subjected to pressure of many thousand
pounds to the square inch. When re-
moved from the press these disc are hung
on poles in a steam drying room for
about a week. Thicker disks are next
formed by pasting together two or three
Of these already finished and dried.
Placing these together in press as be-
fore the same process is repeated until a
block four inches thick has been pro-
duced. The blocks are next turned
upon a lathe in the same manner as iron
or wood, after which the steel tire i,
fitted; this is also done by hydraulic
pressure, requiring about 250 tons.
The forcing of the hub into the hole il
the center requires a pressure of twenty
/ five foot tons. The wheel, which is now
so hard that it can only be scratched by
diamondi is next painted and laid
away to season, after which tits ready
for use. At last reports they were wortl
abont S67 each, and are said to last three
times as long as the iron wheel of th'
eompon pattern. The paper car whee
as above described is known as the r NJ
Allen patent, and first came into thu
market In 1S74.-Am4rjcqn Rura! Home
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
THE FARM AND GARDEN.
ENEMIES DE THE POTATO.

One could almost say that man is on,
Of the worst enemies of the potato, il
we may judge from the manner in which
he sometimes neglects one of his best Of
vegetable friends. While it requires g
warm, rich soil, he gives it water.
soaked clay bed, and when the feeble
plants come TO the surface no encourage.
ment is given them to struggle against
the weeds that threaten to choke out the
last spark of life.
Many insects prey upon the narcotic
herbage of the potato, the most destruc-
tive of which is the Colorado beetle.
But with this well under subjection by
a fully understood plan of applying
London purple or Paris green, there re-
mains now only to develop the methods
of overcoming the blights and rots, the
worst of which is the so-called we'll rot.
This is due to the growth of low form
of vegetation closely related to the mil
dew of the grape. 1t first appears on
the leaves as frosty patches, and from
there it grows down the stems, and final
ly its slender threads reach the tubers,
causing them to rot.
From the fact that the leaves are first
attacked, and the rot works down the
stems to the potatoes, it is evident that
when the leaves and stems are dying
prematurely the tubers should be dug at
once. Let the potatoes dry thoroughly
in the field after digging, and store only
the sound ones in dry place with
good circulation of air. Avoid a damp,
poorly ventilated room. The vines and
all decayed tubers left in the field should
be burned.
As preventive measures at planting
time it may be suggested that second
crop should not be grown where the pre-
vious crop failed from the rot. The
seed should be free from the trouble, and
therefore only sound potatoes are suit
able for planting. Early varieties,
planted early, are most apt to escape,
for the rot does not get started usually un-
til midsummer. Experience has demon
strated that it is best to hill the potatoes
somewhat at the plowing, as many germs
of the disease fall from the leaves and
are washed down to the tubers with the
rains.-AmerieaH Ag'icultwiSt.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

II the acre Of fruit has not made q for
tune, it has at least indicated the road 60
a better income. II the crop was straw
berries, the experience gained will enable
one to duplicate IL to better advantage,
with better knowledge of tho most de-
sirable varieties for his locality. Then
another acre may be put in raspberries
and blacxberries, which will follow the
strawberries in the season of harvesting
and marketing. One each may be put in
currants and gooseberiies, which among
small fruits best bear shipping, and will
enable the cultivator to test the value of
other markets after the home trade has
been supplied. Plums, cherries, peaches,
ETC., will follow in their natural order,
until the fruit farm, large or small, be-
comes an accomplished fact, and then, if
it is managed as a systematic business, it
will be strange indeed If it does not yield
handsome return for the capital and
labor invested.
Fruit is every year becoming more
plentiful in our markets, and the in
creased consumption keeps pace with the
supply. If this condition forbids great
profits to the individual specialist in
fruit culture, it improves the chances for
the best rterest of agriculture at large.
1t is better that many should be able to
acquire competence than that one shall
make fortune, and it is one of the be-
nign influences of our progressive agri-
culture that we can put within the reach
of all classes the most wholesome Of
foods. Fruits which were once known
only as delicacies by the masses are now
upon their tables daily in their respec-
tive seasons.
As our population increases, farmers
all through the great eastern and middle
sections of the country cultivate mainly
the smaller and more delicate products
Of the soil. The orchard, the garden,
and the dairy will take the place of grain
fields; and the farmer who plans to
follow this line, content with moderate
returns, will not be the one to exclaim
that uit-growing is Improbable.
American AgriculturiSt.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
BREAKING A COLT TO THE CANS.

One morning last spring a traveller ap-
preaching a country railway station no
ticed man holding young horse some
twenty rods distant from the track, upon
which train was then standing. The
mans left hand grasped a strong leather
halter at the point where it is fastened to
the leading line, while his right hand
held firm hold of heavy strap buckled
| loosely about the horses throat. The
man, who was speaking to the horse in a
low voice, presently began moving with
him over the open space toward the
locomotive, which thus far was perfectly
silent. The horses open nostrils and
erect ears showed him to be somewhat
excited at the strange aprarition, but he
| evidently felt assurance in his keeper, by
whose side he had moved with short and
nervous step over perhaps half the dis
tance between himself and the train
when the locomotive suddenly let off
steam.
The terrified creature turned like q
flash, and in so doing for an instant
swung the mans feet clean off the
groundl But before the horse made the
first spring in the opposite direction the
mans feet were again on solid earth and
he lost hold with neither hand, although
the horse dragged him beyond the place
of starting before he could be stopped.
Casting his eyes around at the still hiss
ing locomotive the horse again sprung
forward, but could no more free himself
from the mans hold than a rat could es-
cape from the teeth of a terrier. After
few more futile attempts the horse again
turned around, and this time found him
self able to endure the sight of iocomo-
tive. Thus he stood for perhaps two
minutes with staring eyes and quivering
muscles. After a little the steam was
shut off, when the man loosed his hand
from the strap around the horses throat
and with it began stroking his neck,
still speaking to him in the same low
| toned voice.
Soon the horse became quite composed,
whereupon the man, again grasping the
throat strap with his right hand, urged
him toward the train as before. With
many stops and snorts of inquiry the
horse permitted himself to be led again
toward the locomotive, which, when he was
about the same direction from it as the
other time, burst forth into a second
kissing, quite as loud as was the first.
Again was repeated the scene already de.
| cribed, but the horse did not drag the
man so far as before, nor did he require
so long a time in which to be quieted.
The steam shut off again, and the man
and horse once more approached the
train, which now moved away from the
station. The last glimpse of them showed
the horse watching the now accustomed
terror and the man by his side still
grasping the head of the leading line
and stroking the horses neck-a beauti-
full and expressive illustration of the
power over an intelligent animal of mans
courage, kindness and patience.
England Farmer.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

The turning point
in woman's life brings peculiar
weaknesses and ailments. DIR.
Pierce's Favorite Prescription
brings relief and cure. 1t is q
powerful, invigorating, restorative
tonic and nervine. 1t imparts
strength to the whole system in
general, and to the uterine organs
and appendages in particular.
"Run-down," debilitated and deli
cate women need it. It's a legiti-
mate medicine purely vegetable,
perfectly harmless. It's guaranteed
to give satisfaction in every case, or
money refunded. Nothing else does
as much. You only pay for the
good you get. Can you ask more ?
AS a regulator and promoter of
functional action, at that critical
period of change from girlhood to
womanhood, "Favorite Prescrip-
tion" is a perfectly safe remedial
agent, and can produce only good
results. 1t is equally eficacious and
valuable in its effects when taken
for those disorders and derange-
ments incident to that later and
most critical period, known as "The
Change of Life"
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.

The best fed fruit tree is the last one
attacked by insects.
1t is cheaper to haul than to drive the
fat hogs to the railway station.
Frost is blamed for killing many an
orchard tree that is starved to death.
1t is economy to dispense with fences
as much as possible, and it is convenient.
The roads of a neighborhood are strong
indication of the character of its inhabit-
ants.
There is nothing so easy to grow in
this world as weeds, and nothing else is
so protitless.
The farm may not yield big profits, but
is there any other calling so sure to gain
a man a hvingl
The secrets of large yields always and
everywhere are rich soil, good seed and
thorough tillage.
Glover and oat straw fed together furn-
ish more nutriment, pound for pound,
than timothy hay.
A trotting match between the cows
and the dog may be interesting, but it
does not make butter.
You are under no obligation to loan to
the person that does not promptly return
articles in good order.
Save up all the manure you can and
spread it on your land next fall and
plow it under lightly.
We want to get rid of scrub land and
scrub farming, as well as of scrub stock.
Grade up all along the line!
Mr.. w. II. Gilbert, a New York dairy
expert, says "the man who takes care of
the COWS makes the butter"
A score of farmers fail because they
try to do something other than farming,
where one fails by sticking to farming.
If your horses shrink from you, when
you enter their stalls, do some detective
work on your hired help, or-yourself.
Shelter your wagons, plows and other
implements from the sun as we'll as from
the rain. One is about as destructive as
the other.
Get stencil and put your name on
your larger farming implements, sacks,
etc. Get die, and stamp your name on
smaller implements.
Reset and repair your fences during the
interval between laying by and harvesting
the crops. Make the fence straighter,
build it up higher and be sure to stop all
the big cracks.
1t IS curious fact that some men
would rather make five dollars by trad
ing horses than twenty-five dollars by
housing farming implements.
A COW that has to get her living by
gnawing the parched pasture, under an
August sur, without other feed, is not
likely to make a great show at the pail.
1t is said that,a mixture of two parts
by weight of cottonseed meal to one of
| good hard wood ashes make almost per-
feet fertilizer'for general crops. Try it.
One of the very finest fertilizers for
melons is old bones, gathered up and re-
duced by placing them in alternate layers
with ashes the ipreyious year to using
them.
Prepare your land for fall turniE
patches. Break itNp deep and thoroughly
and harrow we'll. Be sure the ground il
well manured. An old cow'pen is one
of the best places about the farm for {
turnip patch.
The price of the COW does not indicate
her value as producer. Gilt edged but
ter is something that depends on how i
is made. The COW gives the milk, bu
upon the management of the milk, cream
and butter depend the quality.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

the age Of four or five years the plants
begin to bear. They continue to bear
from seven to fourteen years, and 1 am
told that the crop is most profitable
one. The principal crop is harvested in
December and January, and the other
becomes ripe about July or August. The
harvest commences as soon as the berries
begin to turn red and they are collected
at this time and dried for the market. A
good average yield for plant is two
pounds of pepper per annum.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
An Emblem Recovered AftereOO Years

Brasenose College, Oxford, England,
has just regained possession of the quaint
bronze knocker from which it derived its
name, after being alienated from its
ancient home nearly six centuries.
When Oxford scholars migrated to
Stamford in 1884 in consequence of a
feud which then distracted the university,
they took this knocker with them, and it
has ever since remained on the door of a
house there in which they settled, and
which was sold to the corporation of
Stamford early iu'the seventeenth century.
This house, which several times changed
hands, was sold again the other day, and
was purchased by Brasenose College,
which thus recovered its original emblem
which probably was modelled during the
twelfth century.
1t represents a lions face with ring
through the mouth, and 1t is very curl
ously embellifhed.-St. Louis star-say-
iRgs.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
servian Military Drums.

A curious thing connected with the
Servian army is the manner In which
nearly all the regiments carry the big
drum. Instead Of being slung in front
of the man who plays It this instrument
is put upon a small two-wheeled cart
drawn by large dog, the lattor being SC
trained that he keeps his place even
through the longest marches. Tho drum
mer walks behind the cart and performs
on the instrument as it goes along. Each
regiment has two or three drums, but
scarcely any of the regiments have
band. London TIT Bits,
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17
DOES FRIT-eRowNG PAYl

growing as whole Is, without
doubt, a profitable occupation; yet the
majority of farmers who engage in it are
probably disappointed because their ex-
pectations have been placed so high that
the result must necessarily fall below
their hopes. Estimates for future profits
are often based upon prices received in
the home market for fruits brought from
a distance. Especially is this true re-
garding small fruits. The grower natu-
rally reasons that his home grown fruit
will go into the market in so much bet
ter condition than that which is shipped
from distance that it will bring quite
as good price, even if somewhat later
in season. But by the time his plants
are grown and the fruit is ready for
market the condition may have changed.
Some other grower, not so very far
away, may have found the excellent
opening offered by the same market, and
is there as a competitor. His neighbors
have been inspired by the same idea at
about the same time, and are hardly a
season behind him with their products.
VI ms hisb SlOps, oNlhB " inP0t'oS'
methods Of cultivation and handling,
knowledge of which can only be obtained
by experience, have failed to come up to
the high standard of his hopes. These
drawbacks may lead him to the eonclu-
sion, if he is a man easily discouraged,
that fruit-growing is not profitable. Yet,
with all these discouragements, it il
strongly probable that his trial acre o.
strawberries, or currants, or blackberries
has paid better net profit than any pos
sible acre Of wheat, OF corn, or meadow
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

You don't have TO take our tCord for the good
quality OF Dobbins's Electric Soap. just got
one bar of your grocer, let II tell you us o,cN
nnnd or bad. Rememher Dnhhtns's Electrlc.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

w. II. Griffin, jackson, Mich, writes "Suf-
tarrh Cure cured me-" Sold by Druggists, 15c.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

SAN SALVADOR is the smallest OF the five
Central American Republics.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

Sarah Bev hardt, the great French
tragedieRl A the owner of 100 birds,
and y Az = \ 4er pets large black Oat
dogs.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17


When an article has stood the test OF public
trial upward OF forty years, like DIR. Tobias s
Venetian ldniment, there can DO no doubt
about its possessing real merit Convince
yourselves OF the fact II you have not already
done 20. A single trial will be sufficient 20
render you the knowledge that II is a superior
article, and the best in tho world for pains and
aches OF all descriptions.
For internal as well as external use being
warranted perfectly harmless oath TO that ef-
feet accompanying each bottle as well as direc-
tons for usel.
Truly reliable, II is no wonder then that thou
sands state they would not be without this
preparation even were the price $40 per bottle,
instead of only 25 or 80 cts.
Sold by all druggists.
FITS stopped free by DIR. KLINE's GREAT
NERVE REsToRER. No Fits after first days
use. Marvellous cures. Treatise and 81 trial
bottle free. Dr. Kline. e3l Arch St, Phila,, Pa.
The indianapolis Qndl Rams Horn, n Won
derful paper, on trial TO Jan. LIST for 2S cents.
II atiicted with sore eyes use Dr. Isaac Thomp-
sons kye-wRter. Druggists sell at 25c. per bottls
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

MArzE is hardly known as an article of {
in France.
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

II atiicted with sore eyes use DIR. Isaac Thomp-
sons kve-wRter. Druggists sell at 25c per bottls
The Forest Republican. [volume] (Tionesta, Pa.) 1869-1952, 1890-09-17

The Indianapolis Qnd) Rams Horn, n Won
derful pnper, on trial to Jan. lst for 2b cents.
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1890-03-08
DOWDY WOMEN.

1t is feared that Boston women can
never claim the title Of being well dressed
saws the Boston Herald. Do what the
few may to aspire to that favorable YER
dict, there is always the ordinary, un-
corseted, hygienic majority to counter
Sact if.
1t would be laughable, were it not pa
thetic, to note the shortcomings in this
one direction of the average Boston
woman. She has as much opportunity.
as many means of dressing well as women
elsewhere, but she invariably fails in pro-
ducing the effect which strikes the OBJ
serveri in New York.
Regard the throngs of women who daily
pass up and down Boylston street, for
instance, and point out ten, if you can,
who become tlieir clothes, or who carry
themselves with grace and elegance.
Nearly all have been to fashionable tall
ors, who have done what lay within their
powerto give chic, air, style; but tie
Boston woman is stubborn. She will
not permit her preconceived notions to
be displaced by the newest fashions; she
will wear hygienic waist, sif she wants
to; she won't wear her hair except so,
and she will kick up her skirts at the
back because her gymnasium teachertells
her to bring all the muscles into play
when she walks.
Beside this, sht is IN haste. How can
she take life easily and gracefully when
sixty different calls are being made on
time and brains all at once!
The art of wearing her clothes well is
unknown to her. She puts them on.
She does not make her toilet. She
wouldn't be guilty of drinking" nor Of
being sure her boots were well BACKED ;
nor would this usual Boston woman con-
slider it worth her while to take hand
mirror to see if the angle of her virtuous
bonnet corresponded with the angles of
her profile and her back hair.
1t is these little omissions, this forget
fulness of detail which renders two
thirds of our women dowdy-in the eyes
Of appreciative, though critical observ-
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1890-03-08
A Famous Courthouse Tragedy

s'The killing of Kyrle Terry, of the
notorious 'Woodpecker Gang in the
Courthouse at Galveston the other day,
recalls to mind another bloody tragedy
which / witnessed in that court some
years ago." said A. NJ Smith, Texas
newspaper man, to New York Star re-
porter.
II was at that time Clerk Of the
| Criminal Court, which was in session.
Jacob Helm, desperate character, was
on trial for numbering Policeman Fergu-
son, and public opinion ran very high.
Helm had run amuck in the Market House
at the popular marketing hour in the
morning, and had slashed people right
and left with a big carving knife which
he snatched from lunch counter. He cut
fourteen people, including the policeman,
who was stabbed to death and dropped
dead in his tracks For wonder Helm
escaped being mobbed, and was ON trial
for murder at the term of which speak.
He sat between Sheriff Joe Atkins and
his deputy, and the courtroom was
crowded. l noticed little commotion
anu SAW Iuc CTONu III Tue CcutIC disic
separate to let some one through. 1t
was the two little sons of the murdered
policeman-bright eyed little lads known
to almost every one. The eldest, boy
of twelve, was in the lead. He reached
through and opened the gate, walked
quietly up behind where the prisoner was
sitting, and before any one could realize
what he was about or stop him, pulled
derringer from the side pocket of his
little jacket, aimed it at Helms head
and blew his brains out. The whole
place was in an uproar in minute.
The Judge promptly adjourned court and
the officers cleared the room as soon as
possible. The boys were locked up, in
dicted by the Grand Jury, tried couple
of weeks latter and promptly acquitted.
What became of them since don't know.
That was in "a They are men grown
long since, and have often wondered
how they have turned out :"
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1890-03-08
VARYING Value of Silver.

Silver, in its relative value to gold
has varied greatly at different times. IL
the days of the patriarch Abraham it was
s to 1; B. C. 1000 it was II to 1; B.
c. 500 1t was Is to l, and at the com.
mencement of the Christian era il was 9
to 1. In the year 500 A. D. it was Is to
1: in 100 it was s to /, and in 140e II
was II to /. o.
Sin 1854 gold was only six times more
valuable than the precious white metal,
Silver, and within the next hundred years
two pounds of silver could be exchanged
evenly for one of gold. In 1900 gold
was again worth ten times as much as its
paler brother. In. 1925 gold was thir-
teen times more valuable than silver,
Just as it was 500 years i. G. At the
beginning of the present century It had
risen in value to higher point than at
any time since 500 A. D., being fifteen
times more valuable than silver. In 1876
the ratio of silver to gold was twenty to
one, and in 1886 it was at the highest
point ever known, since which time ii
has gradually declined to twenty to one.
-M;c01o Herald.