Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-03-15

and unpaid labor. From the ST. Slno-
NAL school came Enfantin, its chief;
then, greatest of all, Auguste Comte;
then, Augustin Thierry, the historian
Michel Chevalier and Adolphe Blanaui,
the economists; Ferdinand de Lesseps.
the Suez Canal engineer; Laffitte and
Pereire, the tinanciers Carnot, son of
the great War Minister of the Revolu-
ton and father of the new President of
the French Republic Emile Barrault,
Armand Carrel, Gueroult, and many
other eminent journalists; Pierre Leroux
and his brothers; Buchez, the future
President Of the National Assembly;
Hal6vy and F6hcien David, the great
composers; George Sand, Aglae St.
Hilaire, Julia Fanfernaut, and thou
sands of others, men and women, not
less gifted and brilliant.
The Fourlerist school was hardly less
rich in intellectual elite, numbering
among its active propagandists such
noble figures as Victor Consderant, Al
bert Brisbane and just Muiron; such
abilities as Krantz, the future Director
of the Universal Exposition of 1873,
Harel the inventor, Victor Heunequin,
General Tamisier, DR.. Gu6pin and many
others; such devoted women as Nine
Clarisse Vigoureux, Nine Courvoiser,
etc, etc.
Outside of those two schools and fol-
lowing their own Independent course
were CADET, the Icarian Communist;
Louis Blanc, whose small pamphlet on
the I" Organization of Labor, by its i'm
mense popularity, was next to Eugene
Sues novels, the most effective instru-
ment of soclalistic propagandism. 1t
was certainly more effective i'll this
respect than the $4,000, 900 pages pu-
bllshed by the st. Simonians in the two
years Of their spIendor; Proudhon, who
boldly said: Property is robbery.
Vidal the French precursor of Marx and
Lasalle, modest man, now almost for
gotten, who first Enumerated the "iron
law of wages; Raspail, the great phi
lanthropic chemist, who later ran for the
Presidency on the socialist side against
Cavaignac and Louis Bonaparte. La
mennais, the rebellions monk, a grand
figure, the study of which commend
to DIR. McGlynn | should not omit to
mention Barbes and Blanqui, the two
reyolutlonists par excellence.
Then came, less radical but with
strong socalistic tendencies, which they
FASTENED to repudiate when it became
dangerous to profess them, FRANCOIS
Arago, the astronomer, Flocon, Ledru
Rollin, Pascal Duprat, Recurt. These
men had ali signed the socialistc pro-
gramme of the radical newspaper, La
Reforme, Indeed, it looked for a time
AS II no man possessed of intellect could
be anything but socialist. Victor Hugo
| and Beranger sang the glores of the
coming order. Even NJ. de Tocqueville
-- and quote him here with relish be-
cause his wellknOWn work on Demo-
cracy in America" has won for him a
..high place in the esteem and affection of
r the Amerisan bourgeois $780, NJ. de TOCuue-
| vile exclaimed: "Where are we going2
See the great social democratic revou-
ton at work for seven centuries, leading
us, il resistible and prOvidential, to eQua-
lily Do you think that after having
| pulled down feudalism it will stop before
the bourgeois? No! The nations must
submit to that new state which Provi-
| dence itself has deCreed"
Later, many of those pioneers espe-
| cially among the st. Simonians, did not
remain true to the people; and the true
| ones ceased to agree, each loving his
| dogma better than his fellows. Had they
| always proved impermeabe to those
subtle influences which they then des-
| pissed; could they have united and re-
| manned united over the dead body Of
Dogma, undoubtedly the social question
| would now be solved the world over;
and the dogmatic Henry George, the
| dOgmatlc Powderly, and other dogma.
tics of this country well, to the dogs
those dogmatics
Nor could this great intellectual move.
ment remain confined to the French ca
| pltal. Paris was the beacon in the
light of which all the oppressed of
continental Europe hoped to land some
day on the shore of liberty. There
| toCked the prescribed, the exiled, the
| prosecuted OF all countries. They came
with vague ideas of political freedom,
but In the words of one of them, two
months on the Boulevards converted a
liberal into socialist. There did Karl
| Marx collect the materials of his future
| great work; for it may be said, without
in the least dwarting his powerful indi-
viduality, that his historical method is
! derived from Auguste Comte, his eCono-
mic theory from Vidal, his practical So
! Cialism from Louis Blanc and his revo-
lutlonary agitation from Blanqui There
! did Bakunine lmbibe his tirst notions of
social reform by reading George Sands
/ novels; and he, in turn, converted the
great musical composer of Germany,
Wagner, with whom, in 1849. he CON
! Quoted the defense of Dresden against
the troops of the reaction. There did
Herzen write some of the most eloquent
pages that the cause of humanity ever
inspired to noble thinker. There did
| Montanelli imbibe the st. Simonlan ideas
which he soon planted in Pisa, whence
his few pupils disseminated socialism
throughout Italy.