davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
NEW AMERICAN INDUSTRIES.
with Tin Plate Manufacture "a nm H.
lustrutiou.

The way in which the new tariff will at
tempt TO build up new Industries in thi,
country, Is well illustrated by the schedul.
on tin plates We are now buying all our
tin plates from England Last wear she
sold u ,42 l36-6iO pounds of tin plate. aud
it cost Us S2l, 126 101 In the last twenty
five years We have sent over to England the
tremendous sum Of $500 t31 1872 for tin
plate, every penny Of which might, as well
aS not, have been kept here in the employ
meut of our own people.
We can make our own tin plate Just as
well as England. if the price can be- kept
where it is today The English plate is made
in Wales, where cheap female labor, costing
from thirty tn sixty five cents a day. Is
employed. On the basis Of their net cost,
the English are charging US 300 per cent
profit on this plate. A common tin cup. for
instance, that retals all over the United
states for five cents, costs the Welsh man
ufacturer only about one and one third
cents The dinner pail IN " hich the Amer
lean lnborer carries his roll aud his coffee.
and for which he pays twenty five cents,
costs the greedy Briton less than twelve.
Now, then-despite the disparity between
the thirty cent female labor of Wales and
the expensive labor Of this country-our
people can easily make those same articles
and sell them at those prices and earn a
good living; but the mischief of it is that
every time they try the Briton lowers hi,
prices, as he can we'll afford to do, and drives
our people out Of the business Tin-plate
works have been established in America
again and again, but every time the for
eigner has seen the market slipping away
from him he has cut prices. aud has kept
them down until his American rivals were
forced to suspend. Thereupon however,
and Instantly, he has put up his rates again
The net result of this is that, although
American consumers are forced to pay high
prices for tinware. their money all goes to
employ British labor, to reward British cap
ital and 10 pay British taxes.
II is now proposed to reverse this bust
ness. Millions of capital are at this moment
the new tariff bill having passed
ed in the development of the Black Hills
tin mines aud in the construction of tin
plate factories. The duty has been raised
from a merely revenue duty Of one cent "A
pound, which the American consumer has
been paying, to "A protective duty of two
cents pound, which the British producer
will have to pay if he wants to sell his tin
plate here. He will no longer he able.to
chase our people out of the tin business
and, without adding a scintilla 10 the price
of tinware, we will hereafter supply our
own work
Think what this new industry will mean
to American laborl 1t will mean an addi-
tional annual consumption Of 200, 600 tons
of iron ore, 3On, 900 tons of limestone,
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
CURRENT AFFAIRS.
NICKEL STEEL.


Armor Plates for Our New ships.
| With a view 10 securing the best protec-
tion in our new armored vessels, the navy
department some time since ordered sample
plates Of ten and a-half inches thickness,
/ from the best French and English makers
The French plates we're two in number, one
Of all steel the other a compound Of steel
with a small proportion of nickel. The
English plate was Of the compound type,
wrought iron, with a hardened steel face
Each plate was by feet mounted upon
an oak backing 80 inches in thickness. The
gun used in the trial, which took place at
the naval ordnance proving ground near
Annapolis, was a six Inch rifle of home
manufacture. part of the armament Of
one of the new fast cruisers. The charge
of powder was 44i pounds of American
brown cocoa powder; the projectile was Of
forged steel weighing 100 pounds. The
muzzle velocity was 2O1j feet per second,
equal to lilj miles per hour. The energy
developed was $500 foot tons and this enor
nous force was directed against the target
but 30 feet distant, with the result of prov
ing the inferiority of the compound type,
which is that adopted by the English ad-
miralty as the standard. This plate was
badly cracked, while neither of the French
plates was materially damaged, that made
Of nickel-steel showing the greatest resist
ance to the projectiles.
So manifest was the superiority Of this
combination of material that Secretary
Tracy went the following day before the
naval committee of each house of Con
gress, and urged the immediate appropria-
tion of 81 600, 600 to enable the department
10 buy nickel for use in the armor plates of
the vessels now under construction The
largest nickel mine known is situated in
Canada, but the stock is held in the United
States 1t was known that the English gov
ernment had taken some steps toward con
tracing for a supply of nickel from this
mine and it was thought prudent to have
our own money available at once in order
to secure the metal. 1t was one of the oc-
casional 'amelorations of politics that per
mitted the passage Of joint resolution ap-
prUpriatng the sum asked for by the secre-
tary, with little or no objection, in the space
Of three days. The contractors now fur
nishing armor have agreed to use nickel in
their undelivered plates, so that the Maine
and Texas will be furnished largely with
the best possible protection.
In connection with this statement about
armor it is of interest to say that in Secre-
tary Tracy's report of last year he urged
the construction of eight battle ships Con
gress provided for three of these in the bill
which became a law June 3D. last 1t is
characteristic of the energy with which the
department work is being pushed, that the
contracts for these vessels have just been
awarded. Two of them will be built by
the Camps Of Philadelphia, and one by the
Union Iron works of San Francisco. All
will have nickel-steel armor plates.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
FREDERICK BILLINGSs WILL
From the Woodstock Standard

From the Woodstock standard.
Liberal bequests are made to his brothers
and sisters, but with these the public has
nothing to do. a few only of the bequests
outside of his family, made on the score of
friendship, may be mentioned because they
reveal in striking manner, the loving
spirit and thoughtfulness of the man.
Tohis life long friend the life long friend
of the family, Oliver p Chandler, he gives
$1,000 for every year of his life to his
''long time agent and devoted friend"
George w. Grannis of San Fruncisco, SO.
900 to his faithful secretary" Samuel
f. Kilner, 5000 to his dearly beloved
pastor Rev. Henry Van Dyke of New
York, $500 to Matthew H. Buckham,
president of the University of Vermont,
$1,000 as a very slight token of my love
and esteem for him - to his friend. Edward
Barstow Of Oakland, Cal $1,000, which
request him to eXpend in procuring some
souvenir Of the firm friendship which he
has shown me through so many years
Then those who have been in his family as
teachers of his children, his farmer and
gardener and old servants, and others who
have rendered him or his family service are
remembered, some very handsomely, and
all with happy words of kindly apprecia-
ton He did not forget Sho Nemoto the
japanese, 'whoni | have taken so much
pleasure in assisting to an education He
gives Slj, 900 to the Congregational church
in Woodstock, the income of which is to be
devoted to the repair and maintenance of
the chapel church and grounds, and the
balance, if any, to the general expenses of
the society To the American Board of
commissioners of foreign missions. Slj, 900
to the American home missionary society,
q,
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
WHY THE REVISION.

The neces. s.ity Of new adjustment Of
tariff rates has long been admitted by both
political parties The question at issue is
purely one Of purpose and method. In the
j0th Congress the House was Dem-e. attic
and the Senate Republican Each passed
a tariff bill, but each bill was so unlike the
other, both in the principles that had con.
trolled its making aud in the results it con
templated, as to render an agreement be
tween the houses wholly impossible The
only thing that could he done was 10 take
an appeal to the people
The people responded promptly The Dem
ocratic party its candidates and its tariff plan
we're rejected. The Republican party, its
candidates and its tariff plan were sustain
ed. SO radical was the peoples verdict
that it tore from the Democrats every yes
tige of the power they had previously en-
jJyed, and transferred every branch uf the
federal government to the Republicans
The Republican party's commission, then,
was indisputable. It was directed to
frame a tariff bill on the lines laid down in
its platform pledges Those lines are traced
as follows "We are uncompromisinglv in
favor Of the American system Of protec
ton it must be maintained We condemn
the proposition Of the Democratic party tu
place wool on the free list, and We insist
that the duties thereon shall be adjusted
and maintained 50 as to furnish full aud ad
equate protection throughout the United
States The Republican party would effect
all needed reduction Of the national reve
nue by such revision Of the tariff laws a,
viii tend to check imports Of such articles
as are produced 10y our people. and as will
release from import duties those articles OF
foreign production Except Injuries the
like uf which cannot bee produced at home. 81
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17

The people have been taken literally.
Their commission has been executed rNact.
~ as it was given In the law which has
now been placed upon the statute book,
these features are paramount
First-Ihe internal taxes ON tobacco have
been materially reduced on the theory that
all direct taxation should be brought down
~ the lowest possible figure
Second-The free list has been enorm-
ously increased hy the addition Of practical
~ every article known to our commerce
that is not or cannot be urotitably produced
in this country.
Third The dutiable list has been thor
oughly revised so that
tdl The revenues necessary TO carry on
the government shall he collected "a, large
~ Us possible from foreigners in return for
the privilege Of selling their good, in our
markets
bl Foreign competition-w hich means
a competition in cheap labor, competition
in flesh aud ndblood-shall ne checked wherev-
er it threatens to lower the Americas staud
ard Of wages and to drive American pro
ducers out Of business.
lcl Numerous branches Of industry ney-
er heretofore carried on in America shall
be encouraged to undertake production
tHua increasing NH' opportunities loI iHc
profitable investment Of capital aud profit
able occupation nt labor
(d The cost of necessary supplies to the
American consumer shall IN no case BE-.
raised. but shall, in response to the law Of
free domestic competition 90 on decreasing
in the future, As It always has under the
protective policy IN the past
This is the Mckinley bill 1t is not the
Mckinley bill that the Democrat, are now
ranting and raving about That Mckinley
bill has no existence Whatever In carry
ing ont their scheme Of deliberate misrrp-
resentation the Democrats have not hesitat
ed to attribute to the Mckinley bill provis-
IONS tLat it does not contain, and that its
authors never dreamed Of aud 10y an in
genious and utterly fancifu system Of what
they call equivalent al valorems,' based
on impossible prices, they have distorted its
rates beyond recognition.
The Republican party undertakes 10 say
that wiser, braver, fairer revenue bill has
never been provided in all the history Of
the republic 1t undertakes 10 say that un-
der the operation of this new tariff the
American people will pay a smaller proper
ton Of the expenses of the government
than ever before This conclusion will be
forced upon any fair minded man who takes
the trouble to examine its provisions.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
THE TARIFF NOT A TAX.
Al all Events not Upon the American
GOusumpr,


Among the reckless assertions of the Free
Traders oftenest met with is the statement
that the tariff is a tax upon the consumer.
1t is and then again it isn't But there is
this important distinction always to be kept
IN view A revenue tariff undoubtedly
taxes the consumer protective tariff has
precisely the opposite effect. 1t taxes the
importer and the best evidence of this is
the testimony Of the importer himself.
While the Mckinley bill has been debated
in Congress a great mass meeting was held
in the city Of Sheffield, England, to protest
against it. and 10 demand that the British
government should interfere to prevent it
from becoming law. Just what the Shelf
field people expected their government to
do affords a large opportunity for amusing
conjecture but At the meeting, according
to "A report cablei over to the New York
Herald, the leading speaker, who was a
Sheffield manufacturer Of cutlery. after
stating that he remembered the time when
the American market supplied work for the
entire city of Sheffield went on TO declare
that the Mckinley bill was bill to raise
American taxes ont Of the pockets Of the
Sheffield importers and that Sheffield was
not going to pay British taxes aud Ameri-
can taxes too, This statement shows very
cledTlN tuhl Iht foreigners know who pay
our protective duties
Some time ago, in a speech delivered in
the Canadian parliament, Sir John Mac
donald, the premier of the Dominion gov
ernment, gave an apt and accurate illuStra-
tion Of how our protective tariff works
This was his exact language:
Suppose the man has 100 acres on the
Canadian side Of the line and 100 acres on
the American side of the line Suppose he
grows 900 bushels Of barley on each of his
farms He takes his 900 American bush
els to the American market and gets 5 a
bushel for it. He takes his 900 bushels Of
Canadian barley to the American market
aud gets hut - cents per bushel because
he has to pay u cents duty for taking it
across the line. How can it, in this case
be said that the consumer paws the duty
1t comes ont of the pockets of the Canadian
farmers
What better proof is wanted to demon
strate the fact that protective duties are
not paid 10y the American consumer but hy
the foreign producer
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17

Now, as to the goo Is that remain ON the
dutiable list, the Republican party under
takes TO say
First-That the effect Of its changes in
rates will be in no case to increase the cost
10 the American consumer Of single arti
Gle which can with any proPrlety be called
a necessary household expense.
Second-That so far as increased cost tu
retail buyers is concerned the people will
never know that tariff bill has been
passed
Third-That all this Democrat talk about
increased taxation to the people is moth
ing but downright falsehood
Fourth-That the consumer will appre-
ciate the existence Of new tariff law on
ly by its results in the reduction Of his nee
essary household expenses
Many rates have been raised. many re-
main as they were, many have been lower
ed. But the claims Just made are estah-
lished by the fact that every increased rate
must be placed in one Of these five classes:
First, That which consists in the correc-
ton Of errors
Second, That which consists in the re
vision Of al valorem rates, where by rea-
son Of the great fall in prices they have
lost their protective value.
Third, Agricultural products An i'm
pOrtaut and general increase in duties has
been provided for all farm products The
tariff Of 1888 has been found by expert
ence TO be wholly inadequate for the pro-
lection Of the farmer. Although, under
the protective system, his expenses for
necessary supplies, such as farm impe
ments hardware, clothing, dry goods and
groceries have been constantly decreasing
ne has been unable to obtain for his own
products fair living price Importations
of farm products into the United States
have increased from $40 OO0, 900 in 1850 to
S2j6, 600, 900 in 1856 The purpose of the
Mckinley bill is to check this importation.
and to hold the American market for the
American farmer.
Fourth, Luxuries. whether their like is
produced here or not. Champagnes brand
les and cigars are illustrations of this class
The theory upon which these articles are
made % pay IA heavy duty is conceded tn be
correct, even hy the advocates of "reve-
nue tariff 1t insists that people who can
afford such ludulgences can afford to con
tribute through them to the support Of the
government
Fifth, That class Of fine manufactured
goods hitherto not produced in this coun-
try They include such articles as fine
laces, fine linens, the finest grades Of wool
en- goods. Of satins and velvets and the
most highly decorated pottery The want
of protection is the only thing that has
stood in the way of the manufacture Of
these goods in America Into their manu-
facture the element Of human labor enters
enormously, and it is the Republican party's
proposition, by imposing such a tariff on
the foreign article as will make up for the
difference between the price Of labor here
and the price of labor abroad, to enable our
people to enter into this new kind Of man
ufacture
To one Of these five classes every in
creased duty in the Mckinley bill must be
assigned.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17

THE NEWS IN BRIEF.

A cog wheel railroad to the top Of Pixies
Peak, similar 10 that on Mt Washington,
was formally opened last Saturday
Mrs. Stanley has refused TO live in Africa.
and her husband has declined the govern
orship of Congo offered him 10y the King
Of Belgium.
Prof Austin Phelps for many yenrs con
nected with Andovcr theological seminary.
and father Of Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, died
at his cottage IN Bar llarbor, Me on Mon
day. after lingering illness
A Missouri, Kansas aud Texas passenger
train was robbed 10y four masked men near
Schell City, Mo, Friday night When the
train slowed up to take water the men com.
PEELED the express messenger to throw out
the money packages.
The log cabin in which Abraham Lincoln
was born, and in which Thomas Lincoln.
the father, married Nancy Hanks the
mother, still stands in Washington county.
ny But Chicago people have Just bought
the structure for $1,000 and will exhibit it
at the worlds fair
The funeral of Mrs. Booth. wife Of the
general-in chief of the Salvation army.
was held in the great amphithpatrc Of Olym-
phia in London, last Monday. 1t was at
tended 10y over $500 people, most Of them
the lowly of London, whose lives have been
of : a. ., anu q"''hen'u ny the "eVotlon
azure" harris, a cOlored Baptist preach
er1 Is II, jan at jackson Miss. for assassi
mating Mayor G.. NJ. Lewis at Clinton I,st
Friday night Harris says he committed d
the murder. lie had brought divorce pro
ceedlhgs against his wife, and Lewis was
managing the case too successfully for the
woman TO SUIT the husband.
The French military officials arrasted n
woman tne other day with plans Of the de
FENCES OF Nancy IN her possession She
confessed that she was employed by the
uerman government, and was promptly
sentenced 10 hve years imprisonment and
70 pay hne OF JOoO francs. After five
years Ill prison she will be exiled for a
decade
despatch from London says it has been
iearhed that at the close Of the Russian
tliiiuary Hiah~uVres IN Nolhna the Grand
Duke Nicholas, who had the chief com
mand OF the army, suddenly became insane
from tne effects OF the disease from which
he has long suffered, and that melancholy
anu neartrendlhg scenes occurred until he
Wa IeilioEeu ,hcoghlto I" den. Martyro1's
s.dee IN1iV II. Vne ION o'eppes. he physicians
ueclare 'nao MS condition IS hopeless.
me term OF the United States court Just
helu at sioux rails, SO. Oak, had a full.
blood sioux Indian on the grand jury.
hlS name Is John Eastman, and he is the
mead chief and spiritual adviser of the
fIandreau tribe. 1t was the first case
known to any of the officers of the court
where an Indian has served as a grand
Juror, and Is thought to be the first in the
United States. Eastman is a Presbyterian
minister is well educated and snaaEs
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17

we have freed the people from all danger
OF having to pay tribute to a trust The
sugar that comes in free up 10 No. 1G is a
white, excellent sugar, 1T for table use any
where. The people are therefore beyond
the reach Of any combination Of refners
Under the old tariff there we're duties on
all sugars up TO No 20, Dutch standard
Under the new tariff, sugar under No 1G,
as above stated. comes in free Above
that standard it is TO pay onc-haf cent per
pound, and If any country imposes an ex-
port duty on sugar, the sugar from that
country is TO be dutahle at six tenths of a
cent per pound. The sugars under No. 10,
Dutch Standard, include all the brown and
yellow sugars, forming the vast bulk of all
importations. In fact in the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1899, we imported only
l2G,3S4 pounds above No. l6, against 27,-
100000 pounds Hereunder. To all intents
and purposes, therefore, sugar is free under
the new tariff
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
THE FARMERS.
They Receive Adequate Protection NJ


NaNHNs
The lies that are being told about the tin
plate schedule are a fair sample of the
weapons employed against the bill through
out. It is alleged, for instance, that the
increased woolen and linen duties will in
evitaby raise prices upon the consumer
Now, it is plain thet they can have that
effect, if they have it at ALL only upon those
varieties Of goods on which increased duties
have been imposed Those varieties are
only the finer grades. such as persons Of
large incomes will use The duties have
not been raised, but lowered instead, upon
the ordinary grades such as are in common
use. because the market for them is already
in the possession Of American manufactur-
ers
The extent 10 which the bill has gone in
protecting the products Of the farm, and in
reducing the expenses Of the farmer, is a
striking witness Of the care which the Re
publican party has always exercised over
the interests Of that immense and important
portion Of our population. The farmers of
the country will realize the holowness of
Democratic pretensions when they consider
that, whereas under the Mills bill every one
OF their products was placed upon the free
list or left With the ailliction Of a revenue
duty, and almost all Of their necessities
heavily taxed, by the Mckinley bill increas-
ed protection has been accorded them for
everything they have to sell. and lower
duties established upon substantially every
thing they have to buy.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1890-10-17
Eugene Field. Literary Rise.

The fact that Scribners have taken up
Eugene Field, says Edward Box in the Bos-
ton journal, and are about to put their i'm
print ON two of his books of his verses and
essays, will do much to give this bright
journalist footing in the literary world
Heretofore his work had only sort of
scattering repute, and while it was pro
nounced by many as clever and bright, the
reading public never had an opportunity to
fairly judge his work as il will when these
books are out, That they will have a brisk
sale, ! think, is safe TO predict. In the
West he is undoubtedly very popular, while
with us in the East his fame has grown
Mr. Field never did wiser thing than
when about a year ago he declined a most
tempting offer from New York newspa-
per. He is unquestionably the most spark
ling star in the western literary armament;
in the East he would have been one of
constellation. He doubtless wisely OWNED
this, remained where he made his success,
and where he can make it even greater,
and with the push that the Scribners will
give him, Eugene Fields literary future is
a bright one-and one must add, not unde-
servedly.