davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The National tribune., 1890-12-25


gcnious people Oh earth, naturally stimu-
lated invention or improved application Of
already known principles. But beyond q
few notifications of detail IN construction,
which b is not necessary TO survey critically,
AppomattoX found the materiel OF our artil-
lery bat little altered or improved from
what h had been al the FIRST Bull Run. An
interesting fact IN this connection is That
Lieut. Charles Griffin commanded a six-gun
battery Of bTand-new lO-pounder Parrot
rifles 81 the frst Bull Run Battery ID Of
Che 9th RegulaR-and Lieut. Jacob B.
kawles commanded the same battery, armed
with the same kind OF guns, al Appomattoz
Courthouse.
Tor some years after the end Of the civil
war Qua Government made no movement Of
any kind looking to the extension OF IFS
military resources. On the contrary. The
whole tendency was 10 reduce tie ID! ltary
establishment both IN personnel and i1ate-
riel Regiment after regiment OF thc Regular
establishment was Gishanded, fort after fort
was donuded Of lis garrison, ship after ship
OF the navy was sold and her guns "slzidded -
10 rust forever in halfdismautled navy
yards-in short, from 1865 10 1882 the whole
American people set their faces away from
wars and rumors Of wars Of every descrip-
ton and devoted themselves with single
purpose TO payment Of the debts aud repair
o. the ryages caused by rebellion. During
this period, however, the martial nations
OF Europe had taken up the warlike thread
where we had dropped it, and were pro-
ceeding with wonderful strides to reyolu-
tonize the whole system Of ordnance and
the entire character Of artillery. Ii i not
the purpose Of this paper 10 trace the opera
lions OF the European powers in this total
transformation. Suffice to say that between
1865 and les2 The use Of cast metals. whether
OF iron or Of brass, for Pun-making was dis
continued; wroughtiron or steel was sub
Etituted the system Of building-upp gums
composed Of many pieces OF forgings was
sdopted, and, finally, breech-loading by
various devices completely superseded the
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

through distinct and successive epOchs dur
ing which transition social forms are de-
fined. Where men have no possessions but
namo aud weapons, they always lead commu-
nal lives, are related TO each other through
the tribe, aud hold land only in common they
neither exhibit nor are conscious Of individu-
atty in moral, political or religious relations;
in no instance have such communities Origi-
mated a literature or a school Of art, aud they
have never formed a true State As a matter Of
HISTORIC RECORD,
property in seyeralty, the realization Of per-
sOnality, the crystalZatiOn Of customs into
laws and Of cercmonia ObsCTyanCes into creeds
are the inyariable c0ncOmitlnts Of civilization,
even when the latter is rs yet imperfect.
From sayagcry 10 tho frontier between semi
barbarsm and civilized life the distance is
immense. and the time man has taken to
traverse ii is incalcuiabls.
The slow, uncertain steps with which human
ity emerged from its lcaturelcs5 aud chaotic
past, were like the early progress Of those organ
ic forms which preceded man, as they struggled
upward out Of vague aud monstroUs primeval
shapes into power, beauty, and completeness.
Attainment Of this end has been the cxcep-
ton. and failure up 10 our own day, the rule.
Both human and infra-human beings travelled
by the same route, but neither, as is com
monty supposed, through a chain-likc series
Of existences, with here aud there a missing
link" Races Of every kind are but Tamifca-
tons Of the tree Ofliie, growing lower or higher
upon trunk that bears many withered
bough.
ALL ARE RELATED.
but from first 10 last their affiliations arc limit
ed TO the relationship established through Dc
TiyatiOn from common stocks.
Inleriorly upon that great limb from whose
terminals originate varieties Of men, the Aus
tralian is placed, hut throughout all the
ages Of his existence nothing but what was
abOrtiye has issued from that 1Owerloss aud
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

10 show other nations what the Yankees
could do in the new styles Of artillery when
they once set themselves 10 work at 1t.
The ensuing paper will be devoted to
history Of the new gun factory, description
of types, calibers, dimensions and method Of
proving guns, together with an account Of
the effect which the policy Of the Govern
ment has had upon the steel-making indus
try Of the country.
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

muzzle-loading or course there were ex-
captions in the old Parrot and Rodman
rifles but they were experimental, crude
aud clumsy when compared with the won
deriul aud beautiful specimens Of meChani-
cal art which in these days delight the heart
Of the artilleryman. So far as heavy guns
were concerned, no great or radical progress
accrued from the middle Of the 18th century
10 the end Of the American civil war There
was, no doubt constant improvement in
The mataicl of artillery, heavy and light,
naval and military, during that period;
but this progress related entirely TO minor
details and did not essentially alter the
type, or more than incidentally augment the
power Of those weapons. ii is true that the
rifed muzzle-loader had noisily proclaimed
It's advent on the battlefelds Of M0ntebello
Magenta and Soierno in 1853, two years
before our war broke out and that England,
with the Armstrong and Whitworth systems,
and Germany, with the first pattern of the
Erupp, followed closely in the track Of their
French neigbboTs The colossal struggle
initiated by the old 32-pOunder smooth bore
which fired the first rebel shot across the
bows Of the Star Of the West in Charleston
Harbor waged as il was by the most in
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
PRIMAL NECESSITIES

Of nomadic life. For every reason the kuowl-
edge Of direction is essential. But while forced
observation, organized into instinct, enables
him to represent typographical line there is
70 him no river, mountain or forest there such
as exists everywhcre-the sane in virtue Of
general characters which make IL what it is,
but only special streams, each Of whose reaches
has q different name and is thought Of sepa-
rately. And 50 with other features, which may
accidentally resemble those found elsewhere,
but are not necessarily like them.
These are but hints, so to speak, on the sub
ject of savage psychology mat must be accepted
in lieu Of an explanation. lt remains 20 say,
however, that this remOrseieSs brutal, homt-
cidal creature is piOus. Nowhere so much as
among savages do mental and CmOtiOpal states
prevail which the priests Of all religions the
world has seen have extoiIed as the foundation
Of righteousness.
Reverence and awe and unquestiCuing faith.
continual recognition Of the dispensatiou of
higher powers in the affairs of life. dOcIlity 10
doctrine, strict ohservauCes Of the duties his
creed enjons-tdese, which are signs Of exccp-
tional pioty in other men, express themselves
among sayages habituaIiy and as
COMMON TRAITS.
But since the star that glitters in a stream is to
him in some inexpiicable way the other Of that
which guides him on his way or measures the
hours OF MS WalCh, so beings inallgn or benign
ant who people the shade, haunt the grave,
or animate the elements, are no moro than
that mysterious second self which wander5 in
dreams and departs with death. He must
make the god he wOrships in his own image,
for in no other way is he conceivable. There
fore, as all the characteristics with which su-
peTnatural beings are endowed are derivation5
from those observed in himself OF his fellows,
they naturally represent Investigations Of
human temper and faculty, engagements Of the
powers, pTopensities, and enoTmities Of man
kind.
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
is YOUR WIFE WELL7

THE WOMEN OF AMERICA
ARE THE LARGEST
CONSUMERS OF s. S. s.
1T NEVER FAILS TO RESTORE
BROKEN DOWN HEALTH
WHEN CAUSED BY
IMPOVERISHED BLOOD
OR THE CARES OF
THE HOUSEHOLD.
OVER TEN THOUSAND
OF THE BEST WOMEN
OF THE COUNTRY
TESTIFY TO THIS.
Don't fail to send for our book on
blood diseases. Mailed free.
SWIFT SPECIFIC Co., Atlanta, Ga.
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
BIZ DR.. J. II. PORTER.

ULTURE as applied to
races is n term COM
monty used as lift were
of convertible signii-
cation with posses
sion Of tho materials
of civilization. Ger
tainly appliances Of life
indicate in a general
way those relative pO-
sitions which peoples
occupy in social grade (;
nevertheless, culture IS
a mental state. not a col
lection OF luxuries or
conyenienccs, and there
is often n considerable
want Of correspondence
between intellectual
evolution and the sur
TOundings Of aggregates
which are highly evOiv-
ed. When, however,
tho Chief Yagan said TO
an English Advocate
General, " The black
man owns only his
blanket, his weapons
and his name" he uu-
consciously described
the sociological cOndi-
ton of his race, and
fixed its place among
tho earth's populations.
Tho development of
groups is involved in
individual evolution,
and as there are WELL
marked periods and
phases Of the latter,
so societies advance
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

A heIntRN0n OF the charges ihal the MtANlohaiAfA
are Not Fulfilling the Purposes for Which They
We're Sent 10 the Dark Continent.
EDITOR NATIONAL TRIBUNE: In a late
issue Of THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE, an August
number, think your correspondent who was
travelling among the diamond mines OF South
Africa took occasion 10 drop into his letter
some very damaging, If true, charges against
missionaries and their work and influence.
from Kimberly TO the Congo. As 10 the truth
OF his structures or his reasons for making
them, have no personal knowledge, having
never been on the ground, and therefore can
neither affirm nor deny what he so tlueutly
wrote. Bat, in common with the great host Of
interested readers of The NATIONAL TRIBUNE,
] am at liberty 10 doubt the bald assertions Of
a man who, though no may intend TO be fair
and truthful, hss opportunities only for such
supremely superficial observations, at the best,
as was afforded him while galloping through
the country in a stage-coaCh, night and day,
from one mining station TO another.
- j feel the more free to express my doubts ms
TO any genuine foundation i'm truth of your
correspondents statements, because the mis-
siOuaTics or missionary work he met, ii indeed
he personally met any at all, are not of my de-
nomination. But since his charges have had
the benefit Of THE NATTONAL TRIBUNE's great
circulation. will you kindly find space also for
the following, which / copy from the Noyem-
Der number OF the Baptist Missionary Magazine
published at Boston. / am not aware that the
publishers ever had any knowledge Of your
South African correspondent, and, though not
referring TO affairs in South Africa, what 1 copy
throws a strong light upon the case in que5-
ton:
Last year charges were brought against the
Wesleyan Missionaries in India 10y influential
persons in England accusing them Of extraya-
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
MEN AND RACES,
Australians Considered Mentally and
Morally.

The Savage the Most Homogeneous OF Men
RemorseIess and brutal, yet Pious-Wor-
ships a God In His own Image-Austra-
lians Nomadic and Live by IIunting-Their
Chief weapons -MethOd Of Counting-The
Principal Faculties Eudimentary or ABB
sent.
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

one leg crippled in the great assault on Fort
Fisher when he was boy Midshipman, just
out Of the Naval Academy.
At this point it is pertinent 10 introduce
a brief description Of the novel methods
employed in making gun of this type. To
begin with there was a steel-forged cylinder
called the tube" This was as long as the
gun was intended to be, and about 10 inches
in diameter, or large enough to give about
two inches thickness of finished metal
around the bore, which, as before stated,
was TO be that Of a six-inch gun. In the
rough this tube looked like forging for
heavy engine-shaft ii was first bored out
from end 10 end TO q size suitable for finish
ing and rifing. Then its exterior was
turned and finished 10 a nicely. The next
step was to forge, bore, turn and finish
shorter and larger tube, which was TO be
shrunk on over the butt Of the first or main
tube in the same manner as the wrought
iron "Teinforces used TO be put on the old
Parrot guns, except that IN the new steel gun
the larger tube, which is called the "jacket"
extends much farther toward The muzzle
than the old Parrot reinforce" used 10
do. After this the Jacket" was shrunk on,
which was done by process similar to that
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
The Book DID NOT Saw.

Teacher lin geography class)-How many
has Ala,kag
PHpil-About $4,000.
What proportion Of these are whittier"
About Onc-seventh."
OF what color are the remainder"
AFTER some hesitation) Don't know. They
never wash %
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
IMPROVEMENTS.
BIG GUNS ARE MADE.
BY THE CANNoNEER."

7 is a quarter Of a
century and more
since any one has
seen a cannon fired
in anger on our soil.
To the veterans of
both Federal and
Confederate armies
and navies who
squared battle ac-
counts at Appomat-
tOK and BentOnville
in the early Spring of
1865, and to the gall
liant sailors who
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

manned the navies Of those days, the term
a gun" meant something little like the
modern cannon. Viewed from the present
standpoint, the cannon Of % years ago was
@ rude, unshapely mass Of cast-iron or brass
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
Born Down WIN InlrmitIes.

Age finds its surest sOlace in the beniguant tonic
aid afforded by HOstetter's Stomach Bitters, which,
eounteracts rheumatic and malaral tendencies.
lieves growing inactivity of the kidneys and is The
finest remedy extRnt for disorders of the stomach,
old people very apt TO be afflicted, is promptly
relieved by it
The National tribune., 1890-12-25

Of white or red across his face, the former as a
sign Of war or mourning the latter as iRdca-
tive Of festiyity aud joy.
He also
The National tribune., 1890-12-25
ITO Dc ooniinucdl
SOUTH AFRICA.

A Recitation Of the Charges that the Missionaries
are Not Fulfilling the Purposes for Which They
We're Sent 20 the Dark Continent.
, 1890-05-28

Beyond the Arc de Triomphe is the
Avenue du Bots de Boulogne leading
TO the park Of that name. 1t is a thor
oughfare that grandly shows to what
beauty avenu gardening is capable. 1t
was made entirely through private
lands, half the expense being borne
by the state under the conditions that
M iron railing Of uniform design was
to be constructed along the whole
length of the road; that a strip of
about forty feet III breadth be left for a
garden between this railing and the
houses, and, further, that no kind of
trade or manufacture should be car
ried on in any of the buildings adjoin-
ing. Its total length is 1850 yards
and its width is 100. 1t consists Of a
central roadway 50 feet wide, of two
sidewalks each 40 feet wide, of a "Rot-
ten Row" for riders, of two long pieces
of garden with grass, shrubs and flow
ers, and of two bordering roads for
public vehicles. Some OF the most
magnificent private mansions in Paris
face ON this avenue, and il is the direct
fashionable route to and from the bois.
Cor. Chicago Herald.
, 1890-05-28

Geven hundred thousand tons Of ice are
stacked on the shores of Lake Champlaln
and Lake George. The ice harvesters
had expected to shipmOst of this by boat
to the city s~torehouses and depots at the
opening of navigation. The regular ice
barges will not lock through the Cham
plain canal, so here is the difficulty. A
fair average of II tons per car would re-
quire $50 trains of 40 cars each, and il
six such trains could be loaded and sent
per day, which, with the single track
road, is doubtful, it would require 1925
days of steady work.
On the other hand, if water transpor-
tation is chosen on account of lower
rates, at $50 tons per canal boat, it would
require $500 canal boats to bring it to
tide water. Last year. which was ex-
ceptionally good for boating, only 1900
boats were cleared from the Whitehall
Office south.
The boatmen propose to take advantage
of the necessities of shippers, and will
largely increase their rates. They are
demanding Ss per day for the use of then
boats.
Many of the ice companies have
brought their barges up the Hudson and
propose to transfer the ice from the canal
boats to the barges, many of which hold
1,200 tons, thus saving some time in the
use of the canal boats, but causing con
siderable loss of ice through waste in
handling 80 many times.
1t is estimated that Essex county is
some $500, 900 weather. through the ice
bonanza this winter.-New York Press.
, 1890-05-28

The name William was not at first
given to children; it was a name CON
ferred upon a man as Il reward of
merit. When the ancient Germans
fought with the Romans, the Germans
were armed only with light weapons,
swords, spears, shields, etc, and if a
German killed on the field n we'll
armed Roman, wearing a gilded he'll
met the helmet was set on the head
of the brave German who had slain
its owner, who ever after was known
as Gildhelm, or, as we would say,
Golden Helmet. Among the Franks
the name wa Guildhelme, and with
the French, Guilheaume, afterwards
Guillame, and with the Latin speak
Mg nations, Gulielmus. Finally the
French Guillame became Wuillame
snd soon evoluted into William--St.
'~-i- P.NrhlIe
, 1890-05-28

The Somals are "kittle cattle" to deal
with. Armed to the teeth with spears,
daggers and clubs, they are equally skill
full and reckless in the use of them. The
men live to fight and talk; what work
gets done is done by the women. Tribal
wars are incessant; sanguinary social
quarrels are of everyday occurrence, and
If death seldom ensues it is because
the clansmen on either side are Jealous
to separate the combatants before the
fine for homicide, born in common by
the relatives of a manslayer, is incurred.
Camel driving is almost the only form Of
masculine industry, yet it does not ap.
pear that time hangs heavy on the
Somal's hands. Hairdressing and dye,
ing for he aspires to a blonde chevelure'
~agreeably occupy n good deal of it; and
his %portentous and i~nexhaustible To-
quacity is often INDUCED at the expense
Of sleep.-Edinburgh Review.
, 1890-05-28
A JAPANESE MATING PORTFOLIO.

A JAPANESE MATING
To remove the lettering and any other
soil which may be upon it, it must first
be washed in strong brine, using as much
salt as will dissolve: when this is doneit
must be laid on a perfectly fat surface
and n heavy weight placed upon it. All
the broken spots are, of course, cut out
at once, as they cannot be used; but the
bent and wrinkled portions will be en-
tirely smooth if the pressure is heavy
enough. To make sure the mating will
be in good condition, it is well to pre-
pare it several days before wishing to
use it
A very sharp knife, a carpenters
square, lead pencil and a bottle Of glue
with plenty Of cardboard are all that is
necessary TO work with.
The number of articles which may be
manufactured from this small stock in
trade is only limited by the workers in
genuity. Portfolios, photograph holders,
paper racks. picture frames, hanging
baskets for odds and ends, panels for
screens, backgrounds for notices, fancy
boxes, are only n few which may be
made.
A portfolio for stationery is, perhaps,
one Of the best upon which 10 try ones
prentice hand. Cut two pieces of card
board-old boxes are useful in this work
the desired size, say that Of an ordi-
nary portfolio; then two pieces OF mat
ting exactly the size Of the cardboard.
Place the cardboard next to the matting
TO keep it in shape. Over this put a thin
layer of cotton thickly s~prinkled with
sachet powder. Cut the quilted satin
lining n good seam, larger than the
cardboard and mating, to allow for turn
ing in all around. Before the lining is
put in arrange four pockets small
square one for stamps, one square and
one long for different sizes OF envelopes
and a long narrow one for pencils and
%penholders. Turn in the edges Of the
lining and haste smoothly. Then glue
it neatly to the mating. Do not at
tempt TO use needle and thread ON the
mating, as it is almost impossible TO do
so without breaking the straw. The
glue is far better.
The pockets are fastened to one cover,
while four sheets. of cream blotting pa
per are secured to the other. When these
are arranged. lace the covers together
with n strong silken cord. the same shade
as the satin lining. If n mishnp has
CHANGED TO have befallen the beginner,
or If it has been impossible to cut the
edges perfectly straight, they may be
bound with ribbon matching the lining
Great care must be used in doing this,
and only the least bit of glue used, as it
is very apt to show through the ribbon.
, 1890-05-28

The example from which this descrip
ton IS written is lined with yellow satin
and decorated with strings of Chinese
cash. This cash, which by the way is
coming into very general use for decora-
tive purposes, is a small, round brass
coin current in the Celestial realm: it is
about the size Of an old fashioned cop
per cent and has a square hole in the
center. These coins can be bought in the
japanese and Chinese stores, the price
ranging from so to rs cents a hundred
After the portfolio is laced together
string ten Of these coins on a piece of
ribbon, which is long enough to reach
round the portfolio and tie in n large
bow. A drop Of glue underneath each
coin VIII keep them in place; there are
two Of these bands, one at the top and
mt at the bottom. With bronze and
gold paint arrange a fayurite motto
across the top. Give to n gracious mes
sage a host of tongues" is very appro-
pirate. If the Chinese cash is not to be
obtained, paint a loose bunch Of yellow
peoples on the over
Another scheme would be to use Law.
ender satin, and decorate with white and
purple LlacS Atldrd, lined and trimmed
with pink miuhi nov that tha-a is snnL
, 1890-05-28
II MATING "OFCATHAY
HOW 1T MAY BE USED FOR DEC
oRATVE PURPOSES.

1t Is Very Effective When Made Into
Portfolios. which May BE Decorated
with Verses Clover Leaves or Painted
DestCns-Two Examples.
Copyright by American Press AssccIationl
Chinese and japanese mattings are
very desirable materials for making no
end of fancy ~knickknacks. The japanese
is Of finer texture than the Chinese, and
ONE in a greater variety of designs and
colorinC, which makes it, Of course, con-
siderably more expensive. The novice
should begin work with the common
mating which comes around tea chests
and which may usually be had for the
asking. This requires more care and
patience in its use than the japanese,
but the saving in cost will, in most cases,
more than compensate for this
, 1890-05-28

1t now leaks out that when NJ. Carnot
visited the 'house of Napoleon" at Ajac-
clio, a collision between some Of the Re
publicans and Reactionists who had
gathered outside was only averted by the
prudence displayed by the authorities.
A few Republicans, burning with zeal,
and animated by the wish to get up a
political demonstration, began singing
the Chant du Depart. Immediately the
Reactionists replied to the challenge with
the Ajaccienne, one of the verses OF
which is as follows: ION your knees,
citizens and brothers, his shade his de
scending among us in our squares and
streets; let only the name of Napoleon be
heard" Matters were looking very
black, when the authorities interviewed
and succeeded in restoring order.-Lon-
don Telegraph.
, 1890-05-28

1t is believed hat the Terra del Fue-
gians occupy the lowest place in the scale
Of humanity of all the native tribes of
America. The Digger Indian is n cult
ured being as compared with the savage
son Of Terra del Fdego. 1t is estimated
that there are 1000 of these miserable
creatures living and starving on the archi-
pelago of eleven islands at the southern
extremity of South America. The Fue-
gians are smaller than the Pa~tagonians,
and some Of them are extremely unpre-
possessing, especially those on the south
eastern islands of thegroup, who are short,
ugly, beardless, with long black hair Of a
rusty iron color, very ill shaped and i'll
looking generally.-Bosto Budget.