New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-08-25


..;',s movements are discernible-the first pulls
incs of that mysterious something we call HE
Slicbt filaments are taking shape-the wool OF thc
creature that is 10 be formed within tins specK OF
matter. so small as TO be barely dscerniDe py
tbc naked eve In another hour or two can see
tbe gcrmnal disk slowly working down toward
the lower pole of the egg, where, hour aiter hour'
under ilnerrng law, the outline of the embryo IS
becoming more and more visible lwo llCtie uarh
sDecks-the future eyes-arc seen aiter tiic uliIu
day and something like the ouliIe u heouttsn
siqht presents itsclf-the throbDlngs OF tle hoaIC
are seen Life has fairly established ltsen. Ine
little engine that propcs me oiGou anu he
begun 10 beat, and soon an embryonic couIon'
perfect in every part, is seen under tiie micro
scope. On the twelfth or fourteenth day, II inc
tanned the young cod breaks through IT'S
sell an IS scen moving about ~ slowly
having its yolk-sac attached to IL. ms sac
helps II to float, and also supplies nutrlment
In eight or ten days more it has eaten up its sac
and now it is strong and active ana can dart
about with astonishing rapidity. IL can now
maintain an Independent existence and provide
for itself Its scientific nurse now taxes III, WIN
half a million others that have reached the Same
stage OF development, and plants theih lar ouo
~ II the temperature Of the water should b.
low-say 33 or "a de2rees-the Matching process
would extend over forty days According 10 tne
from one compart mcnt to another by means OF
the sphon, so as TO give them more space; AS
soon as the yolKsac disappears they are ready LOT
life on the ocean wave, where nature mas pro-
yided for them abundant food in the swarmlng
animaculae The battle Of life has now begun
with the young cod-fry. They have numerous
foes to encounter, whom they must fight or elude
as best they can. ceascless war is raging III the
occan-onc tribe of it's inhabitants Is pfcying on
another, and life is of small account oi thcse
Young cOd-fry il is calculated that probably 20
per cent will survive TO maturity. In these shell
tered bays their chances OF life are greatly in
creased II requires three or four years Tor a
Goldfish to reach maturity and 10 become capable
of rcpeating the story Of its birth. The law OF
all fsh-lfe is that where they come into existence
and spend their early days there they return 10
SPAWN On this principle depends 1he pOSS'0i'S
Mr. Nielsen will probably plant" lOO,oOo,ooo
Of young cod this season. II NTH OF them, or
20,OO0,o0O, survive I'll their third or iourth
year they will return Ia this great bay to spawn,
led by an unerrng instinct, and then come within
reach of the hshcman's arm. II they could all
bc captured these 20.0O0,OOO cod would ne
worth when cured 81 ,0O0,O 900. This will help
TO show the enormous profit 10 nation OF the
artificial propagation OF Goldfish.
We talk glibly of hundred millions OF cod
but some idea of the mass represented by such a
number may be formed when | state that all the
Goldfish taken annually from the North Atlantic
by Americans French, Canadians and Newfound-
landers do not exceed 2OO.OO0,OOO; At hity fSh
10 the quintal these would yield about 100000
Guintals or hundrcdwcights. The great Lofodcn
fishery In Norway Yields about 40 900 600 cod
annually; the Newfoundland fisheries about So
100000
EXTERMfNATING TIE LOBSTER
The Matching Of Holsters is in some respects
more difficult than that Of cod, and not less in
tcres,ing II is n well -kn0wn fact that the lob
sler fisheries OF the world are declining, and that
on many extensive coasts where they were once
abundant, they are now extinct. The history of
all lobster grounds is very much alike. Found,
hsht<, fOrsakcn" Is the summary, and this In
spite OF protective laws. II is much easier I,
cXterminate lobster than cod III any locality
Newfoundland is virgin ground comparatively A.
the lobster fishery was not prosecuted on large
scale till ten or twelve years ago. Yet even here
alarming symptoms Of decline are showing them
selves in places where obster-factories are numer-
GUS The reason is not difficult to discover Lob
stcrs pass great part Of their time In shoal water
and within limited bounds, DO that they are more
easily captarcd than the ofncr denizens Of the
ocean. Artificial propagation 10 maintain the
stock or fcstock exhausted grounds is even more
urgently called for than in the case Of the cod.
Their EGGS, however, cannot be obtained in the
same way as those OF the cod. The mother fish
carries them under her tail glued 10 the Ions
hair-te appcndagcs called swimmarets She
can stow away some 10000 eggs. These have
been already lcrtized and she carries them about
with her for seven or eight months before they are
ripened and Matched. All this time they are
kept in motion by her movements. The lobster
trnppcr takes these mother fish and carries them
to the factory where they are thrown INTO boiling
water and Of course the eggs are all destroyed
The quantity Of lobster Ovd that perish IN TINS
Nay Is beyond all ca 'culatiOn, and Is one grrai
cause Of depleted nsLerics.
Mr. Niclsen's ingenious method Is this: lie gets
the female holsters at the factories before they
are boiled. and with SOFT OF spoon constructed
for the purpose he strips the eggs from TIE hbri'
and returns the HOLSTERS uninJurcd. lie take
tho eggs which not nearly so delicate as 'hos'
OF the cod, and places them in ms lncE Dniors
where the water is kept in constant motion
After time. longer or shorter according TO the
degree OF Tipcncss Trey have reached ef0rc beinp
removed from the mother, those Ova are hatrhcl
With some Of them only two days are required
in The case ~ others less advanced month, oil
even two months may hc needed 10 hatch them
Unlike the cod. the young lobster must be fed
for IL has no yolk-Sic - feed Oh when II break
from The shell. Nusscls chopped fine. with o'ca
sioualiv a few yOlkS OF eggs, furnish iopd o.
which they grow rapilly: and in five or six day.
| hey have gore through their first slic'llnS ant
are III 10 lie set free in the water t. pick up then
| own living.
This is rot all Mr. Nielsen has invented float
ing incubators 10 he placed III the water near tn
lobster factories which ere scattered around ti'
| shores IN these incubat1fs the EGGS are place
| aud attended 80 NY men propory instructed; w
has AZ Of those floating incuh1tors dlsr'ntcf
| his wear IT thirteen different 81 tons-thry 81
| at each. They are reported to be working al
| miroblY.
| In the Dido Hatchery the lobster eggs arr
! hatcbrd on n much larger scal"-hy the million
| Mr. Nielsen fhowc1 me the Whole stages OF = o.
| ross. from Tie cgg 70 the living lobster rs II I
| cot free In the water and any sight more won
| derfu or strikincly beautiful could not be I'm
| agincd. Through the Transparent shell tie per
! fnct embryo can he seen under the microscope
| The heart pulS1tinc. tic head. eyes roSrnm, ccs
| even the rndimcuts Of the big claws, all com
plctc-the lobster in miniature within the sFa'
| Of n few lines.
The yigor Of the young Holsters when the,
break from the shell is marvellous They dar
| about with inconccivablc rapdty. using thei
| tails as propcl lcrs Their cXubcrant vitality eN
| Dends itself in constant fighting and devourn!
| one another for they are ruthless cannibals u
fact IL they were not kept well fed, 1t would b
| the story Of the Kilkenny cats over agan-harll
n tail would he left. The fcrOclty with which
| they attack one another. biting of claws an
tails. and then swallowing tho body of the con
| nucrod is equally astounding and fascinating.
watched for ten minutes, through powcrfn
glass. a tremendous battle In which many thou
sands were engaged At first | thought tw
| armies or at least, different factions were fight
~t,,nn. hat