Morning journal and courier., 1890-07-31

snous suouIo IL annually send ABROAD S6,-
DOC, 600 in gold for tin! He had no idea that
the increased duty would cause much, If
any, increase In the cost of sheet tin, and he
felt assured that in no long time after the
law took effect tin would be lower in price
than 1t ever had been. Protection would
cheaper the article vastly.
Referring to the assertion In Mr.. Voor-
hees' speech that none of the war taxes on
any of the great staples of human necessity
had ever been repealed or lowered, MIR. Nor
rill said that that senator ought not to have
given his name to such a misrepresentation
Of the facts. There had been general re-
new classification of duties on sugar
and a removal of the duties on tea and
coffee. By adding to the free list
of last year the articles which the pending
bill placed on the free list, about one half of
the importations from foreign countries
That meant that the dutiable importations
would be diminished from $685., 000, 900 to
1916, 600 900, and that those on the free list
would be increased to $685., SOC, 900. If the
rate of duty covered the entire importations
the average rate would be ~ per cent. As
there was 80 large an amount Of importations
exempt from duty it was necessary to impose
higher duties on articles Of luxury and for
eign fashions that required skilled labor, and
that were consumed by those who were able
to support the burden. High as the customs
duties appeared to be, they had not and
would not shut out the foreign merchandise
of nations where labor commanded
much less wages than it did in
the United States; nor would they shut
out the fact that the American people
never obtained general merchandise at less
cost than now. The ill-natured denuncia-
tions of American manufacturers by oratori-
cal free traders indicated that they preferred
the prosperity of the foreign manufacturer
to that of their own countryman, and that
they would compel the latter to manufacture
oneap pay no higher
purpose was finally 10 break down and de.
grade the present scale of wages of Ameri-
can workmen. He quoted from Sir Charles
Dilkes' "Problems of Greater Britain" as to
wages in Canada, Australia and the United
States, and said that 1t was the sober, his
torioal testimony of an English free-trader
that American wages were 200 per cent.
higher for less time than in Great Britain, and
| 1t followed the difference was much greater
| when contrasted with the wages current
on the continent of Europe. The leverage
| (Mr. Morrill, continued) that lifted up protec-
| ton was not really the demand of the manu-
faeturers but that of their workmen. Coming
to the question of agricultural depression,
Mr.. Morril said that there was a glut of mis-
information disseminated on that subject and
a conceslment of the fact that prices of farm
| products are depressed throughout the world
| The only possible remedy within reach of the
American farmer was positive protection
against foreign competition and such encour-
| agement to other avocations as would in
crease the consumers of their products. He
| asserted that in 1888, had it not been for the
duty of twenty cents bushel on wheat, the
| wheat of Canada would have snatched the
market of New York from the state of Wis
consin, as we'll as from all other
western states. There were some polit-
cal pessimists (Mr. Morrill, said) who
croaked about hard times and ignored
the general prosperity everywhere appar-
emit. Admitting that the present condition of
farmers was not as good as it ought to be, nor
ss good as he hoped it would be, he should
attempt to show conclusively the great causes
of the present worldwide depression of their
interests. 1t was said by such pessimists
that farmers were oppressed by vast in
crease of mortgages. That was certainly not
true in the older states where whatever mort
cages existed were held largely by other fore
handed farmers. The bulk of the mortgages
were due especially in the younger states
from young men who were just setting out in
life and who had not sufficient capital to pay
cash down for a fair-sized farm. Farm
mortgage indebtedness had been grossly
exaggerated, and he understood that
the census reports would show that
farm mortgages in Kansas and Maine
were less than one quarter of the
amount which had been represented.
With the charge that the American farmers
were badly in debt or more 80 than the farm
srs of any other country was gross calumny
and the farmers would treat with contempt
the crocodile tears of pity being shed in theil
behalf by revenue reformers who peddled
out such defamatory tales. The markets
| which could not be found abroad had to b,
made at home, and they could only be made
by protection. Whatever products could b.
made by machinery might sometime And I
market abroad, but cattle and wool, whea
and corn were not made by machinery, ant
greater market would have to be created
for such products by greater diversity o
, industrial employments and with the abound
ing mineral resources OF the United State
, the task would not appear difficult.
J 1t had been seriously commended, he said
by free traders, that duties upon agriculture
products were merely nominal and of no &C
:: count. To refute that prevaricating preten
: sion 1t was only necessary to present tn
exact amount of agricultural products i'm
= ported from Canada for the ten years from
1880 to 1890 inclusive. That amount wa
3 $780,, 1888, Ell. 1t included $50, 600, 900 wortl
, of breadstufis, SIS, ZOO, 900 worth of eggs
3 10000. 900 bushels of potatoes, 10000, 90
pounds of wool, 35e, 900, 600 pounds Of to
. bacco, 5000, 600 bushels of beans and pea
I and los, 000, 900 bushels of barley malt
q Could it be supposed that America
farmers were indifferent about protec
, ton against the influx of all thes
r artioles' I. was the people OF tn
with courtesy and kindness, but 80 long q
! the latter treated Americans only as neigh
a | bors in law they could not be permitted t
enrich themselves by putting their hand
into American pockets whenever they please
when they would not permit Americans t
Q come within three miles of their shores
Q fish or get bali, and when they seemed q
h most ready to "let slip the dogs of war;" an
;. were calling for the navy of Great Britain
X protect their piratical feet in Behring SCI
Q To deny that American farmers had not ha
! and could not have any protection by tart
q duties upon agricultural importations was q
q untruth of gigantic proportions. Pas
q ing to the question of the effect of PR
s sss0n tina. upon Ss d Rd's no. 1 Know of
q article which had received tariff prote
o ton for q number of years that vi
;, not now sold at less price than before
l, was protected In the general reduction
!. the prices of manufactured goods througho'
u the world the potent factors were the lari
amount of American products and the inveI
tions to which American genius had give
birth. Coming to the question of sugar, M
le Morrill, said that the adding of free sugar
n the breakfast table presented a stronger cas-
than tea and coffee had presented In 1879 fl
D. like treatment.
y At the close of Mr.. Morrill's speech Il
a. consideration of the bill by paragraphs VI
continued. The amendment offered yeste
10 day by Mr.. Mcpherson to make the duty {
Or chronic acid Is per cent. ad valorem instei
es of six cents per pound was rejected.
l. HOUSE.
" W Mr.. McComas of Maryland called up t
ce conference report on the District of Column
d. appropriation bill (Mr. Cannon of Illinois
', signing his right to call up the sundry b
90 for the reason that sickness in Mr.. McCom
no. family necessitated his speedy return HON
10 After a two-hours' debate the confereu
IL report Yves agreed to and then the house We
n into committee of the whole for the furth
consideration of the senate amendments
the sundry civil appropriation bill.
ha TENNESSEE REPUBLICANs.
Nomination of Hon. Lewis II. Baxt
st. For Governor.
mp NASHVILLE, Tenn, July 30.-The reput
-, can state convention waa held here to ID