Arizona weekly enterprise., 1890-09-20

| Diego and carried malls and passengers three times a week. During the next two | years a large amount of capital was in-
 vested in mining development; and not
 withstandiug the enormous cost ot sup | plies and materials of all kinds, winch had | to be transported hundreds of miles over
 wretched roads, the country made steady
 progress. Companies organized In New | York and Cincinnati operated extensively | in the Santa Rita, Patagonia, Cerro Colo rado. and Ajo districts. Tubac became
 the headquarters for nearly all or these
 corporations, and live, energetic popu-
 lation of 800 souls was gathered there Ill
 1858, '5g. and '60 A weekly newspaper
 was started known az the Arlzonan, the
 pioneer journal of the Territory. The
 ereat natural resources of the country
 were becoming known and 1t seemed to
 have entered on the high road to pros
 perity. when the breaking out of the | Civil War brought to an abrupt ending | Arizona's onward march on the highway | of progress. The troops at Forts Buchan- an and Breckenridge recevled orders to evacuate the Territory, burn and destroy all Government property they could not
 carry away. and fall back to the Rio | Grande The two forts were reduced to
 ashes, together with large quantities of | Government stores, and the military aban- | doned the country. About the same time | the Butterfeld mail line, deprived of all
 protection against hostile savages, was | stopped. and the route changed further
 north.
 Every enterprise come to a staudstill and every American who could get away | fled to California or Sonora. The Apache
 marauders swept down from their noun
 tain strongholds, and carried death and | destruction throughout southern Arizona
 Mines, ranches and stock-ranges were
 abandoned, and the few whites left ln the
 country took refuge within the walls ot | Tucson. The savages indulged Ill q
 saturnalia of slaughter, and the last gllm-
 mer of civilization seemed about to be
 quenched in blood. The Indians ad-
 vanced to the outskirts of the town, carry | ing death and devastation Ill thelr track. ! They swept the scattered settlements, | killing and destroying everything In their
 path. The horribly mutilated bodies of
 men, women, and children marked nearly
 every mile of the road to the Rio Grande
 The blaze from many comfortable home | 1t up the midnight sky,and the agoniZinp
 shrieks of the victims, and the hendlsl
 wells of the red demons, were the sights ] ! Purchase This frightful condition oi
 things existed for nearly year after the
 withdrawal of the troops.
 In February 1862, Captain Hunter wltL
 company Cf Texans, entered Tucson, and
 took possession of the Territory, in the
 name of the Confederate States. The
 majority of the white population were Il
 sympathy with the cause he represented
 Some time before his arrival they held |
 meeting, and with all the solemnlty whlci
 the occ; son demanded, had passed al
 ordinance proclaiming the secession o
 Arizona from the Union. The stars anC
 bars however, did not long continue tC
 float over the old pueblo, Hunter helC
 possession of the place until May, when
 the advance of the California volunteers
 caused him to retreat to the Rio Grande
 With the advent California troops
 and the feeling of security which theil
 presence inspired, the country began
 slowly to awaken from the horrible night
 ,.ssissls l.ssl 2rl-l.ss s ,ssssy 'estigt
 of peaceful industry. The discovery O
 rich gold diggings on the Colorado, a
 Weaver Hill and on the Hassayampa
 gave a fresh impetus to lmmlgratoq, ana
 business of every kind began to revive.
 The people had long clamored for Territorial government. A bill looking
 to that end was introduced in the Con
 gress Of 1857, but failed to pass. Again in 1860, the people made an effort ln tn
 same direction, and Sylvester Mowry wa elected to proceed to Washington am
 urge upon the National Legislature tn
 n ,cessity for sUcl a measure. Anothe
 bill was introduced, but political jeal , ousies defeated the effort, and the break , ing out of the Great Rebellion indetinitel . postponed the matter. Arizona remaine
 attached to New Mexico until the 24t day of February, 1863, when the bill giv , ing 1t separate political existence rt
 ceived the Presidents signature. Tn civil officers appointed to conduct tn
 affairs of. the new Territory entered upo
 their duties at Navajo Springs, the 29t 2 day of December, 1863. The nations colors were given to the breeze, a salut
 was fred an address delivered, and th a Territorial government formally maura , ed. The seat of government was tis . establised at Fort Whipple, which ha
 been built by order of General Carleton .. for the protection of the miners then worl a ing the rich placers of the Sierra Priet if 1t was afterwards. removed to Prescott a | where it remained until 1867, when 1t ws V removed to Tucson. Ten years later n was again changed to Prescott. which n at present the Territorial capital.
 On the 9th day of April, 1864, the new v appointed governor, John NJ. Goodwi Q issued proclamation dividing the new e organized Territory into three judici !. districts On the 26th day Of May, lS6 .. he issued a supplementary paper esta @ fishing election precincts in the sever n districts, and authorizing the holding e the first election in the Territory for del !. gate to congress and members of the legi a lature. The first legislative assemb
 convened in Prescott, on the 26th day l. September, 1864. Most of these pione 'v lssw makers have long since crossed ov .t the divide" Of the twenty seven mel .e bers who composed the first legislatu ,s but three are left in the Territory: Ro Ir ert W. Groom, Henry A. Bigelow, al ,- Jesus M Elias. At this first sessqp [ 'e Territory was divided into four counti, # namely, Pima, luma Yayapai, and M n have.
 le From 1864 to 1874 the history of A le zoua is written i'll blood Isolated fire m the world, and with the most imperfe d and irregular means of communicate A population increased slowly; the few W r. had the hardihood to nl9 the risk of t a. tOmahawk and the scalping knife were Il, tracted by the rich mineral discoveries le northern Arizona, and that portion of { pr Territory received the larger portion b" immigration The Government estf vs lishel military posts at different poil io for the protection of the scattered sett
 ments, but the Apache estubbornly resist a the advance of the whites. Many an in yenturous pioneer fell victim to sava he treachery and left his bones to bleach y, the desert plain or bleak mountain si, r- In the ten years from 1861 to 1871 it n. estimated that not less than one thousa l." victims Of savage atrooity found bloc ri- graves in Arizona.
 m But steadily the red man yielded to IT, destiny. The gaps in the ranks of { Dy pioneers were rapidly filled, and the ta n of the marvellous mineral wealth of t ms region drew hither large contingent Us that army of restless adventures eyer ds the wing for fresh fields. For such n or Apaahe ferocity had no terrors. if tn, LII, was chance of unearthing some mine ed treasure iB the wilds of the sOuthwt
 Settlements took root around the seye ry' posts; towns and camps sprung into ex to euee iu different parts of the TeFrito 'in the fertile valleys and rich bottom laI ms were brought under cultivation; herds m cattle were brought into the country, a IT. foot by foot the dauntless pioneers W ne this rich domain fr0m the tiends win ry; presence so long had cursed it. The T ed mines were the loadstones which dT ,tl ] ,,oruIafiou bitbar The 1iccovarv of