davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
Trv W.r,hheim-r's *3 shoes.
Buckleu's Arnica Salve.

THE BEST SALvE in the world for
cuts, bruises, sores, ulcers, salt rheum,
fever sores, letter, chapped hands, chill
blains. corns, and all skin erupti"ns,
and positively cures piles, or no pay
required 1t is guaranteed To give PEI, >
feet satisfaction, or money refunded
Price, 20 cents per box. For sale by
Hewitt l. Brown.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
Fred lDnbniS Coming.

Hon Fred. I. Dubois AMI Colonel
T Curtis will address, tn. voters Of
kr,chnm on the 23rd instant, those #
Ru.;ion on the 24,h, those of Haley
on the 24th. tho-- Of BELLEVUE on the
18th. and those Of Shos!one on tn.
26th.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
n.,,..,luss to be 'nau~ Every Saturday.

Sidney FuId, collector Tor the CIT,
i.,,.. Of the TINES, did not oollrct
h. Monday, IS he had to 60 to
..h,o, From nov ON he will COL.
la. every Saturday, instead Of Mon.
~. A heretofore. Sub.cr,b-rs are
..,nss&ed to assent to this arrange
-. q. more convenient all around.
The COLLECTOR il al hone. t, car. tul lad,
rho will see that they pay no more
than thew owe.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
YUuI kirpur.

Nv store will he closed from 6
O'Clock Tuesday evening, the 23'h
instant, until 6 o'clock Wednesday
evening, the 24'h instant, on account
of the holiday o. Yom kippur.
S. J. FRIEDMAN.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
NJ more Coal Famine for HALEY.

r.. u. Burkhart has ordered Il few
cars OF the bet quality IF the Sweet
water Compa"y's Rock Springs coal
Leave or,l-rs at ]. S. Whit,nn l.
Co.'S lumbervard. A large supply Of
this coal-w irh is the very best in
the marktt-will be kept Oh hand.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
Wall Paper ~ Cast.

We wish t., reduce our stock and
offer wall paper at from Is to 5Oc per
double roll. ~ large portion Of this
stock is new.
STEWARD Bios,
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
NOTICE.

The co.partnership heretofore existing bstwsen
VIM. RENDER and Alec. McKibbin under the Arm
name Of McKIsB1x KExsra, has been dissolved.
All bills due the firm are payable to Alex Mo.
Kibbin At his shop. and ali parties indebted TO 40
are expected to settle up by the nrst Of October,
proximo.
l5slmo McKIBBIN REMBIR.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
THE ODELL
TYPE WRITER.

800 viii buy the oDELL TYPE WRITER with
70 characters, and e16 for the SINGLE
CASE ODELL, warranted TO do better wsrk than
any machine made.
1t combines SIMPLICITY with DURABILITY. SPEED,
EASE OF oPxHAr1oN. wears longer. without cost Of
repairs than any other machine. Hss no ink rib
bon to bother the operator. /, is MAT. suBsTAH.
rIAL. nickel plated. p-rfsc ct and ADAPTED to all
kinds Of typewriting. Lie printing press it
produces sharp, clean, legibls manuscripts. Two
or ten copies can be made at one writing. ANY
intelligent person can become operat in t~ .
days We off.r g $50 to any operator who
can eau~i the work of the DOUBLE CASE U'ELL.
Reliable agents aud salesmen wanted. special
indu,emen 10 Dealers.
For Pamphlet giving Endorsements, &C, ad-
dress
ODELI. TYPE WRITER CO.
ss and q 5th Ave. CHICAGO. ILL.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
NOTICE.

To Whom It May Concern.
thereby give notice that will not pay or h.
come responsible for any debts contracted OF H.
cure by my wife. Mrs. Mary n. tucker. Of Hat.
ley. Idaho. she having left my bed and board
without cause or provoci ten.
s3ml &w" SAMUEL T. TUCKER.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
Trv W-rthh-ine,'s 80 shoes.
The Latest In HALEY.

DR.. Hanna, the painless Corn and
Bnnion r m Yer. Office. in room 4, ut
the Alturas Hotel, for u few DAYS
only. 81
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
Male Help Wanted.

cen SALARY. $40 txPENsEs m ADVANCE.
WV allowed each M, nth. Steady employ menS
st home or travelling. No soliciting. Duties Dc.
hver,nR and making cole. tons. No postal casds.
Address with stamp. BAFEk co, tiQua. Ohio.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
A Rare Opportunity.

AN EFFICIENT HOUsEKEIPER, WITH
,xc-li.ns Opportunity At the Seminary st NJ.
Carroll, ILL.,. by writing Mrs. Shin "a above.
owe r trrences and particulars - to experience
and exptCtatiolA
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
I. O. o. F..
A. O. U. W.

HALEY LODGE. No. I. A. o. q. ". meets II
each ni"hth. st7:J0 O'clock, p. m. All WOehmen
Ia good Standing nre cordially limited to attend.
p. MOTHERWEll, n. ".
I. ". GAN VT. Recorder
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1890-09-19
NOTICE.

TO Whom It MAY Concern.
thereby give notice that will not pay or be.
come responsible for any debt contracted or In.
Cured by my husband. saA,uel r. Tucker. Of
HALEY, Idaho, I having left his bed and board;
with JUST CAUSE AND PaovocArlox.
MARY N. TUCKER.
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

be, owing to the very nature of the cOun-
try. Mining takes the lead, stock raising
comes next. Here is a grand country for
the latter purpose. Despite its dry
plains and abominably numerous steep
mountains and hills, it is abundantlv
watered. Scarcely one Of its thousands
Of valleys is without brook Or river
Of the purest water, easy of access. In
many localities the grass forms close
turf. In this respect the southern parts
OF Madison and Beaver Head counties can
not be excelled. In making a random
guess lwould say that fully three.fourths
"f this entire region would always be
open to the interests of stock growers Of
all kinds. 1t is a splendid country for
the purpose.
NORTHERN AND EASTERN MONTANA
We now come to a wholly different
country: the general appearance, the
vegetation, and even the climate, ali diff
ferent. Here We have the three grand
resources, mining, stock raising and farm-
ing, on more nearly equal basis, but
instead Of mining, stcck-raising takes the
lead. And here wool growing is an i'm
pOrtant item.
Looking at map of these parts we see
country abundantly watered and pos
sessing only few (cum paratively) noun
tain ranges The many creeks or brooks
and larger streams all find their way to
one of the three great rivers. The cen
tral river, the mighty Missouri, then re-
celves the two others the Milk river
from the north and the Yellowstone
river from the south. Ascending to the
summit Of any convenient mountain in
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

ductive The chief crops appear to be
oats, wheat. timothy, and native "blue-
joint" potatoes, cabbage, turnips, and
onions; corn is not grown rs a regular
crop. Fruit trees Of any kind are rarely
seen, and even then have only been
planted by persons OF usually enterpris-
ing and progressive spirit. Even the
small fruits, like gooseberries, currants,
ra,pberries, and strawberries, are not
cultivated, although ample evidence is
g ven to show that they and other small
fruits would do we'll for many persons
have volunteered the information that
they 20 into the mountains once II year
to pick years supply Of these fruits for
use in their families. .... -.
The high plaius or benches for the
mcst part produce ii very thin growth of
grass. In many localities are immense
tracts. miles in extent. covered by sage
brush (.irtemtsiu hi.ientnhD growing to
an average height of four feet: speci-
mems are occasonly seen six feet high.
The woody stems of this strange under
shrub arc used as fuel in some parts.
Anoth er sage.brusll (.i. r"n") is also com
mon. 1t never is so tall or robust as 4.
trtd,mt"h. Greasewood (Sa,vvkwtus rer.
mir"l"t"~), with its cruel spines. is abund
ant in many localities. It grows into
good sized bush four or five feet high
and very branching. The numerous
short, rigid branchlets are usually tipped
with sharp point, giving them spiny
appearance. One may be severely
pricked 10 forcing his way through 4
patch Of this shrub. am informed,
however, that this plant, despite its for
mitiable appearance, is eagerly sought by
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

and mountains, or else their owners will
have to take them to those regions where
there will never be struggle between
the tiller Of the soil and the flock master
for the possession nf the field.
II one will go over any portion of the
region now under consideration, after
having gone over those parts described
in the previous section, he will at once
notice the difference in the vegetation
Nowhere here, except in the "bad lands
along certain portions Of the Missouri
river and in IA few other parts, will be
seen the sage-brusb. bigelovis, and
greasewootl, in any abundance. In go
ing over the ground during summer the
difference will be still more marked by
the presence of a great variety of legn-
minous plants, many of them very beau
tiful in Hover and foliage, which are
dotted over these northern plains iu all
directions In my own herbarium are
twenty-three species and several varie-
ties, representing the genus Ast,"go,u.
alone, all collected In this region.
CLIMATE.
The climate of this territory is re-
Markable one. The winter weather sof
any new country is always the subject of
special inquiry, particularly when stock
raising is in question. The following
notes upon this and the other seasons
may be uf interest:
Wtnter-Winter generally sets ~ N
gsoti earnest in the early part of January.
seldom much snow Or cold before then.
and lasts until the middle of March "
beginning Of April. 1t is rot a period Of
steady winter weather, however; a "cold
snap seldom lasts over two or three
dnrr Aa.a.l.
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

range cattle, which live upon it when the
sn"ws are deep. have seen cattle
munich the branches, spines and all, as
composedly as Il donkey eats thistle.
The local Inhabitants in the spring, when
the young shoots are green and tender,
boil them as green's" and sometimes
make pickles of them, too. have not
tasted cooked twigs, hut have eaten the
is almost identical with that of the we'll
known samphire of our coasts. One
more under shrub contributes largely to
the characteristic appearance of the
southern and southwestern parts of the
territory, viz, Bsye1eria grureolens var.
"1bieouli<. Like the sage-brush and
greasewood It chiefly inhabits the high
benches and dry bottoms. This variety
seems to occur throughout the territory !;
but nowhere, so far rs have observed, is
it so common rs in the counties of Silver
Bow, Beaver Head, and Madison. Here
we find it averaging three feet high,
making the plains yellow for miles in
late summer with its profusion Of flowers
and IN autumn imparting peculiar
grayish-green tint to the land scape. No
animal seems to eat this plant, and, aside
from the facts that it helps to cover the
nakedness Of the earth and draws little
moisture, It is to be regarded as a
troublesome weed.
Agriculture, then, in the regions de,
scribed is confined almost wholly to the
narrow valleys and bottoms along streams;
| 1t is not chief industry, and never can
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

br ad. it 'tains its individuality from
near the no.theus, corner nf Mi>soula
county, through :hc eastern and central
length of Deer Lodge county, nn.l half
through Silver Bow county OH its eastern
hoaler. Here it becomes broken and
fragmentary. The Bitter kont noun
tains extend along the southwestern
border and continue all along the western
line as tar north MS the forty.eigiltn par
aliel in Missoula county. Much of the
country between the Bitter Root noun
tains and the main range is very rugged.
So far as l have seen the prevailing
rocks in these regions are gray granite,
prophyry, slate, and limestone, but coca
sional large areas show outcroppings of
Y reddish-colored lava.
The majority of the little mountain
clusters contain In their bowels gold,
silver, copper, and lead. Ironstone of
several varieties is also abundant, so that
iron and lime for fluxing the other metals
are mostly near at hand, while the char
coal Is made in the pine woods on the
neighboring heights. In few of the
ranges free gold is found very few of
the diggings are rich, however, seldom
paying more than ordinary days wages
($35O to $6). while some few yield almost
fabulous amounts per annum.
The plains already mentioned are most
ly high. often stony. and, SO far as have
seen or heard, always dry. The numer-
Gus valleys, through nearly all of which
flows a stream of sparkling water, are
for the most part barrow, bu very pro
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11
THE GREAT FALLS TR1BUyE-ANNuAL NUMBER
and the lame animals have a hard time

and the lame animals have a hard time
Of it.
While horses, cattle, and sheep all
bring forth their young on the open
plains, sheep are the only stock receiving
any attention at this period.
Cattle are raised for beef, no practical
attention yet being paid t.. dairying +;
horses are raised for speed and en,i,r-
ance, very few draft animals be mr. bred
while sheep are hardly ever raised for
any purpose but wool growing. But th.
time is close at hand when every indus
try connected with these animals will re-
ceive its merited attention.
GENERAL. FEATURES OF MONTANA.
Looking ut a map Of the territory one
sees that the southern and western parts
are much broken by small. isolated
groups Of mountain, and hills. Ii one
travelling over these :,arts will take time
to climb II few Of these mountains lie
will see at once, that this is the exact
nature Of the country. Far below him
he will see valleys and plains Of greater
or less extent surrounding eacl. little
range. Looking towards any point Of the
compass he will see the same plains
wandering between and around other
lsolnted mountain groups il III. distance,
strongly reminding him Of II great quiet
lake, dotted with huge. rocky, often
pine-clad islands. These groups are MI
called ranges by the local inhabitants,
but many of them seem too small 10 de
serve such 4 name.
Looking at the map again one will
The Rocky mountains. Well defined and
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

Northern Montana, md looking as far as
the eye can reach with the MD of a field
glass or telescope, one sees grand series
of beautiful rolling plains, th,ckly
covered with grass. Here and there the
winding valleys mark the courses of the
streams. In the distance are mountains.
purple, and blue, and gray. To the
south and west one sees, though so fur.
the main range of the Rockies, its sno A.
clad peaks. in bold relief. That range
can be distinguished at a glance from all
others.
Here We have country pre-eminently
fitted for pastoral and agricultural pur-
suits. The extent of range for stock
would be simply inexhaustlble were not
the soil so rich that agriculture is rapidly
taking possession. In fact 1t is my opin.
ion that in very few years agriculture
Will have such q pre- eminence that herd
laws will be enacted, at least for the pro-
lection OF farmers in this region. Agri-
culture is making gigantic strides. It
has been satisfactorily proven that the
justly celebrated wheat lands of Minne-
sofa and Dakota can not surpass the
bench lands of northern and eastern
Montana. Hundreds of progressive farm
ers and others are planting timber and
fruit trees, everywhere meeting with sue
cess. So it is easy to forsee that IN a few
years the country will be SO settled by
farmers and growers of fine-blooded
stock, who will keep their animals in
pastures or other Enclosures. that range
stock will be crowded to the foothills
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11


Horses and sheep paw holes in the snow.
"rustling for feed" hence seldom saiRer.
Cattle never paw /; if they can not push
the snow off the grass with their noses
they starve or eat willows, which is near
ly as ruinoas. But the loss of cattle from
this cause is not necessary. as 1t would
take but little hay to keep them alive till
"chlno0k came to break the icy
bonds.
SmSAy.-Spring follows close upon
winter there is no gradual transition
Before the last chinook has swept away
the snow-drifts, wild flowers of brilliant
co'ors appear. Spring frosts rarely oc-
cur, except very close to and in the noun.
tains. Farmers put in their seeds as soon
as the ground is thawed enough for
blowing, and seldom give them further
attention till harvest time. In Northern
Montana an ample supply of rain falls
during May and June. Spring here is
nearly as warm as summer: for this
reason, combined with the abundance Of
rain, vegetation grows with surprising
rapidity. The "blue-joints and other
tall grasses are usually three feet high by
the middle of June.
Sammer.-This season may be said to
develop from spring about the middle Of
June. Its hottest period Is in August,
Sometimes, but NOT often, the tempera.
ture is over hoe F. in the shade, Tho
probable average is about SOC F. Itis
wen known that sea-breezes are warmer
IN winter than the land atmosphere. and
'nat they are cooler in summer ! and 50
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

kings" as the successful men h'vr leen
dubbed.
Where Captains Lewis and Clarke, the
explorers, over eighty years ag" saw
thousands of hutfaioes, elk, and deer
feeding on the open plains bordering the
Missouri river, near the falls, now rmm
thousands of horses and cattle which oh.
tain sustenance the year round by eating
the native grasses. Upon the same
plains hundred years ago the Indians
horses also grazed.
MINING AND sTOCK-RAssING.
The two leading industries are mining
and stock-raising. Quartz mining is now
the chief branch of the former; but in
early times placer mining, because of the
remoteness of the country and difficulty
of access, was the only branch sought
and pursued. The manner of rsising
stock is very simple. Horses and cattle
are permitted to roam over the owners
ranges at will, and are rounded up" only
for the purposes Of branding, castrating,
counting and selling, all Of which work
is usually performed at stated times of
the year. But sheep, although kept in
large hocks or abands," are cared for by
shepherd or sherder," partly because
they scatter far and wide in small groups
II left to themselves, and partly because
they neet protection from wolves and
envnfas. The avAyaoe-aized hand of
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11
GENERAL SURVEY OF MONTANA.
Its Toposra .'hv. Resources and Climate Intel.
Ilgsntiy Presented.
Try +. W. ANDERSON. Special Agent Of the u &.
Agricultural Department

fHs F. W. ANDERSON, Special Agent Of the u q.
Agricultural Depart,nent.l
Not many years ago this territory was
regarded rs n part OF the waste called the
Great American Desert. Even her wealth
of mineral resources vas not realized,
and the country WAS considered tit only
for the hunter, the trader, and the Indian
agent. But at last, when the rich mineral
discoveries Of Alder Gulch and Virginia
City created such stir, miners, atlven-
turers, and fortuneseekersf flocked I" the
territory from all directions. 1t was then
that people began to see In the mineral
productiveness Of the soil IL promise of
future greatness for Montana. Mine
after mine was discovered, keeping alive
for years the feverish excitement incident
to gold hunting on the bars" for nearly
all mining In those days was placer
Long years before the shrek Of the loco
motive echoed with shriller notes in
Montana's mountains the hoarse cry Of
the bullwhacker and the sharp crack
Of his quirt affrighted the timid game
feeding peacefully on the mountain
slopes. In those days the value Of good
mule or OK train was estimated ut about
$1,000 in gold, and many fortune has
been made, and often lost again, carry
ing provisions and implements "f toll to
the hardy pioneers of the territory, Soon
it was discovered that mules and oxen
grew fat On the native grasses. thus sug
gesting possibilities in another direction,
viz, that Of stock-raising. At first it was
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

to statistics the
average snow fall
In the course Of 4
winter is about Is
inches. This does
not eall all at once
neither does it fall
from time to time,
and accumulate for
the genial warmth
Of the spring to
dissipate. Here,
IN mld-Wlnter, the
mild breezes blow
ing inshore from
the Japan Current
sweep down over
the m o II n ntain ;,
often melting q
foot of snow in Il
single day or night,
and seldom letting
one snow fall lie
upon the ground
over two or three
weeks. In this way
the ground is
frequently | e ft
bare for several
weeks before the
advent of another
storm. At such
times men 60
about their
shirt-sleeves,, In
sects skip and fly
about the prairies.
and stock upon the
ranges gain tles Ii
Some " i mt e rs
however. the snow
becomes crusted
hard for weeks at
q time F; then range
cattle suffer terri
bly,, and many of
them die because
they can not get
Great Falls tribune., 1890-01-11

feared the extreme
cold Of wintercOuld
not be witllstood by
cattle or horses on
the open ranges.
1t was considered
out of the question
to feed hay, for that
was worth $50 u
ton, som ct III e s
IN ore. However,
wint"ring cattle on
the open ranges
was triel, but with
discourage II & re.
suits. Il few of
the originally i'm
ported stock stlll
survived, and, in u
measure. had he
come ,ccIinlnted.
4 he Sc paSsc q
through Il niller
winter than usual,
and spring found !.
them in fair con
dition They bore.
II n :, Il g a II h y
calves, and thus
fresh hope was in
fused into the
minds Of expert
menters.
From that time
on the stock busi-
ness has steadily
increased ntil
now it has reached
magnificent pro-
portions /; and as
one travels over
the territory north,
south, east, n west,
he is pointed out
with pride, by the
inhabitants, I h e
costly residences
and large herds
of cattle owned
by the "cattle
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1890-01-31
Hint. to Housekeep,r..

CLorHEsPINs boiled few minutes
and quickly dried once or twice month,
become more durable.
AN excellent way of cooking eggs is
to break them in boiling milk without
beating; cook slowly, stirring now and
then. When done soft, pour into dish
and add little pepper, salt and batter
SHRUNKEN, half-worn bed blankets or
comforts, past using on bed, make
good pads to put under stair carpet.
They will answer the purpose just as
we'll as the boughten pads, and be u
great saving in the wear Of tho stair car
pet.
PAINTING the kitchen wallis enables
one to wash them off, and in general
tends to neat appearance. The paint
should be good oil paint, applied as for
outdoor work, first sizing the surface to
be coated with q solution Of one-half
pounds of glue to gallon of water.
WITH o little care every part of stale
bread can be utilized. All the odds aud
ends Of crusts should be spread evenly
on pan, and allowed to dry in a warn,
oven. When quite dry, put them in a
small bag made of ticking OF canvas,
and pound them fine with a matiet. Sift
them, and put them in empty fruit cans.
They will keep for months, and can be
used for breading meats, fish, GRO
| quotes, omelettes and making dressing
| for fowls
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1890-01-31

pied by Major General Hooker
and staff. It was on the second
day of the fight. The battle had ragged
with great tierceness from an early
hour in the morning. About noon
there was lull in the fiery storm Of
shot and shell. I rode out to the right
of our line ut the invitation of the Her.
aid correspondent in charge OF the
corps at that point to Join him in cold
collation.. The bill of fare-for he was
freshly arrived from Washington with
a freshly stocked commissariat-was
tempting, and to q furnishing stomach
irresistible. We started our horses on
a quick gallop up the plank road, then
some distance back of the main army
line. It was royal treat. The v1ands
were daintily spread out on the grass
under the cooling shadows OF an UNI
brageous oak. How delicious was each
mouthful; how ambrosial the bottled
beer! Suddenly the rattle OF sharp
musketry was heard in the direction
of NV corps. It grew more incessant,
louder nearer. The reverberating
roar Of cannon resounded once more
through the dense woods. The inter
rupted battle had begun again IN earn.
est It was sadly disturbing element
to our repast. I quickly mounted my
horse to reioin my corps. flunglng
spnrs into his sides, he gave po'l ILa
and darted at full speed oo"n 'ne