Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1890-12-02

I Tf1ITI1'5T
M Mnal " " gwen 70 one for an adequate Ggreed con.
s'asrauon cannot be claimed by another freely.
/ ls ~ state state OF The revenues was such that wo
.ou'q aspense with any import duties upaa coffee.
tea hides, and the lower Ri.ies "a sugar and mo
lasses. That the large advantage resulting 10 tho
countries producing and exporting thees ARTICLES
" pacing them on the fSse list entitlf ua 10 ex.
| pect fair return In the way of customs roncps
sons upon articles exported BY III 10 them yeas so
oovious that 70 have gratultousy abandoned this
an objectionable error
There we're but two methods OF maintaining
conrd q TINS question open % congress
place al OF these articles upon the dufiable llst
subject 10 such treaty agreements al could y. ~
cured or 70 place them all presently upou the fra
iist, but subject 70 the reimposiaon of specified
duties u tho countries from which va Received
them should refuse 10 give % us anifabls rerfpr
cal benefits. This LATTER method / think nos
s,ssses great advantages. II expresses IA advance
the consent OF congress 20 reciprocity arranqyee
fnenta affecting these products which tnuaf ofl,
erwise have been delayed and unaacarfained until
each treaty was ratified by The senate and the
necessary legislation enacted by ,nnrr,-ss ~
pcrience hns shown thnt some treaties looking h,
reciprocal trade have failed D. seilre two thirds
vote ~ the senate for ratification and others hav-
INF passed that stage have for years awaited the
concurrence of The house and senate Ia such mnd.
llieaLons or our revenue laws as were narnssary
% give effect 70 their provisions
We now have the concurrence nf both houses In
advance Ia distinct and definite offsr IN fr,.e III,
lfy 70 our ports OF specific Arficiiw The expt,n.
I'VE - not required % deal ia coniecturs a. 10
NY provision is more than m ofrer. our part of
the bargain Is complete; delivery has hsAn male.
ana when the countries from which We receive
sugar, coffee, tea aud hides have placed on their
free lists such Of our products ~ shnu be n,,ad
upon, as an equivalent for our ronctrrslon pros..
lanalion OF that fact completes the tranaaction;
a,sar :, ~ ~ n.'e siins eqr own people have free
eueaIi eai .e1, coiIee ana hides.
Inc indications thus far given nv vary hone.
inl OF early and favorable action BY the countries
lfoh which we rtsfve our lnrge imports OF eof
lee ana sugar md u h confidently believed thnt
II steam communication with theess countries, can
oe promptly improved and enlarged the next
3eAr VIII snow most gratifying increase IA our
exports or brcadstuffs and provisional Al well ~
OF some important lines Of manufactured goods
, ~ eddllon g the important bills that became
laws before the adjournment OF the last session
some other bills OF the highest Importance were
Wen advanced toward final pots, aud now stand
up2n the ealendals ot the two houses IN favored
posiuons. The present session has a fixed lifnIt
ana u these measures are not now hre.ieht to a
Hnal vote all the work that has been dome pl.on
is lasln hy this congress is lost The froper con
aiaerhtlon of these of IN uppoffi0nment bnl and
oi the annual appropriation bills will require not
9nly that no working day Of the session shall be
ose ,, % oaa thai measures q minor aud local inter
est elaii not be allowed 10 interrupt or retarl the
progress OF those that of universal interest n
view or these conditions, ! refrain fi,Dm bringing
nciore you az thia time some suggestions thaf
would otherwise be made, and most earnestly IN.
woke your attention 10 the duty of perfecfina nv.
llnllortant legislation now wen advanced. TO
koine OF these measures " hch seem IA me- ,ost
t-ANNAtttAAf
Election Laws.
II any intelligent and loyal cornpanv of Aunrr,.
can citizens were required 10 catalogue the essen.
tai human conditions OF national life / do MOI
e eeouus dial with absolute unanimity they would
begin with free and honest elections and Il 4
gratifying 70 know that generally there Il A
growing and non.partisau demand Tor better
s,eetlon laws. hut against this sign Of hope and
progress must be aet The depressing and nndeni
able fact that election laws and tnethods ara
sometimes cunniugly contfived to secure minor.
w eonrei whlle violence completes tho short
In my last annual message suggested that the
legtiopment Of the existing law providing a
federal supervision OF Congressional eierfinne M
fered an effective method of reforming thes.,
abuses The need of sueh a law has ri,siiiftslie,
tseh n many parts Of the country. and It's whole.
some ~ restraints and penalties Will be useful IA
all The constitutionalty or sucli legislation haE
been affirmed by the supreme cDnrt Ita nrnb
ane effectiveness ls evidenced by the character
e the opposition that IL made to H. II has been
denounced as u il we're a new exercise OF fe,leral
power ana an invasion Of the rghtR OF the stgl.g
Nosnhg .s rs eo,ild 5e inrther from the truth, Con-
gIess tns already fixed the time for the election
OF members OF congress u hes declared thai
votes Tor members Of congress must he Nv vrrit
Yen 9r printed ballot It has provided for the
appointment hy the circuit courts In certain cnses
and upon the petition Of a certain number Of
citfaens, Of election supervisors, and made 4
eles auty 70 supervise the registration OF voters
conducted by the state officers; 10 chailenge per.
sons Offering 70 register; 70 personally Inspect
anu scrutinHe the registry lists and TO anix their
uoh ana the prevention OF frauds. to attend al
elections and remain with the boxes till the votes
are ~ cast and counted; 70 attach to the regis.
try lists and election returns auy tatrh
ing the accuracy and fairness II the registry ami
election. and 20 take and transmit to the clerk of
,ne house Of representatives any evidence of
Irauduent practices which may be- presented 10
them. THE same law provides for the appOint-
ment Of deputy United States marahals to attend
az as the poi's support the supervisors in the dis
charge OF their duties and 70 arrest persons vio-
iaung the election laws. The provisions of this
familiar title Of the revised statutes have been
put INTO exercise by both the great political par
Ties and in the north as well as Ia the south bv
me ming with the court OF the petitions required
by the law.
lt is not therefore question whether We shall
have federal election law. for we now have one
aud have had for nearly twenty years bnt |
whether we shall have an effective law the
present law stops just short Of eifectiveness for
y surrenders 70 the local authorities all control
over the ceruication which establishes the priipn
facie right 70 seat in the house OF representa-
llvea. This defect should b. cured. Equality Of |
representation and the laTiiy of the electors |
must be maintained. or everything that is yaIu. |
able 10 our system OF government Is lost Tho
9uaincations OF an eiector must be sought In the
law, not 10 the opinions, prpjndices or fears OF
any class, however powerful The path az the /
elector 70 the ballot box must be free from /
the ambush u rear ana the enLicements OF fraud;
say it -
Such Law should be absolutely nou.uartisan
and impartial II should give the advantage 70 1
there y nothing sectional about this creed aud II 4
u shall happen that the penalties OF laws Intended
q enIorce these rights fall here aud not there Il
b not because the law Is sectional but becarse
happily, crime Is local and not universal Nor /
should u be forgotten that every law whether
relating 20 elections or 20 any other subject.
whether enacted BY the state or BY the nation,
las force behind IL. This courts, the marshal Of
constable, the posse comitatus the prison. are all
md always behind the law
One cannot be justly charged with unfriendll. |
less % any section or class who seeks only TO
restrain violations OF law aud OF personal RIGHT
No community will flnd lawlessness profitable.
no community can afford to have il knowu thar |
he officers who are charged with the preserva-
ION OF the public peace and the restraint Of the !
criminal classes are themselves the product Of
raud or violence The magistrate IL then With |
,ut respect and the law without sanction The |
iooda or iawiessness cannot be leveed and made
2 run m one channel The killing OF United
states marshal carrying a writ OF arrest for an /
lection otfense is fun Uf prompting aud gl1g- |
.estioh 70 men who are pursued by city mar
hal Tor crime against life or property.
But It is said that this legislation viii revive |
ace anlmosities, and some have even suggested |
hat " hen the peaceful methods Of fraud are
na9e lmposslpie they may he supplanted by in
mn lsnllation and violence II the proposed law
more than his equal influence or deLracts by So |
lucn from any other qualified elector it is IA |
ally lmpeached But If the law Is equal and the
~ mi.inoaltlee ~ y 70 evoke grow out of the fact
hat some electors have been accustomed to ex-
Iche the franchise for Others as well as for
htihseiNes then these auimosties ought not to
& eoniessed without shame, and cannot be given
~ weight 10 the discussion without dishonor
No choice is left to me but TO enforce with |
igor AL laws intended TO secure 70 the citizen
rs constitutional rights, and 10 recommend that
le inadequacies OF such laws be promptly reme-
ied III TO promote with zeal and ready interest |
very project for the development OF its material
ltefests its rivers, harbors mines and factories,
nd the Intelligence, peace and security under