Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1890-05-07

out with ST least dozen purchases that
they had not intended to make when
they entered the store.
In addition to these large concerns
there are thousands of small shops and
Easements devoted to manufacturing
purposes In the city, where the comfort
of the workers is no; so carefully con-
sidered. In computing the number OF
persons, who spend a large share of
their time underneath the crust of the
city, 1t will not do to forget those who
are kept there against their will. The
cells IN many of the city prisons are in
the basements.-N J.. San.
AN UNKNOWN ISLAND.
Even at the Present Time New
Guinea Is a Terra IncoGnita.
Among the islands of the world New
Guinea stands second In size to Aus
tralia, of which at one time 1t has evi-
IDENTIFY been a part The geological
character of the bottom of the shallow
Torres strait, which, with a width of
eighty miles, separates the two islands,
shows that II was a connecting isthmus
before Its submersion, which probably
occurred in the Miocene period New
Guinea lies Immediately north of Aus
traiia, between % minutes and 10 de
grees 40 minutes south latitude, and
between 130 degrees 80 minutes and
80 degrees % minutes east longitude.
1t Is l, 490 miles long, with a maximum
breadth of i3O miles, and Its area l.
BOG, 900 square miles. In Its general
contiguration 1t is mountainous, and its
cOaSt-line Is composed of steep cliffs
broken by the swampy deltas of navi-
gable rivers, some of which streams are
of considerable size. a barrier reef,
with openings that afford a safe harbor-
age forl large vessels, lies outside of
much of its coast. From its situation,
almost directly under the equator, the
climate of New Guinea Is hot and hu-
md, and on the coast unhealthful
The remoeness of New Guinea from
the usual courses of merchant vessels
the steep cliffs of its coast, the dense
forests, and. where the shores are low,
the swamps and malarial Jungles, to-
gether with the treachery and ferocity
of Its Inhabitants, are causes which
have rendered II 50 long a mystery to
civilized eyes. While it coa>t-line is
comparatively well mapped, but little
more is known of the interior than that
II contains high mountain ranges, some
of which are visible from the sea, but
they have so far proved inaccessible.
D'Albertis. the italian explorer, in
1867 steamed in the ten-ton launch
Neva five hundred miles up the Fly
river, in the south part of New Guinea.
he found the vegetation to be Austria
Ian in character, the river banks low
and swampy. As he penetrated the in
terror of the island lac noted that the
people were more civilized than those
residing upon the coast, but they were
warlIke and treacherous, sometimes en-
deayoring to entice his party INTO am
buscades upon the shores, and several
times attacking his launch with fleets
of canoes.
Attempts by explorers TO push by
land into the interior have invariably
failed before much progress was accom-
plIshed. All observations that have
been made confirm the fact that New
Guinea l. rich IN ir 1t and plant life Of
many descriptions, that the soil Is fer
tile, the scenery magnificent in many
parts, and that the isl nd teens with
inhabitants 1t is by the great water
ways into this island, that the most i'm
Portant explorations have been made.
by no other way could any part of the
interior be as yet safely entered.
But little knowledge of the interior
of New Guinea can be obtained from Its
native peoples, which consists of n
great number of isolated tribes, differ
ing much IN appearance and language.
These communities live at constant
feud with one another, and can give
little Information of tribes beyond the
limits of their respective domains.
There are a variety of types among the
people, the prevailing characteristics OF
race being those known as the Papuan,
which are found. especially in the
southeast of the island. In this type
Is found long frizzy hair, which is
dressed by its owners into the form of a
mop; n skin removed Just a shade from
black; a prominent aquIline nose, de-
pressed at the point; and portruding
lips, which cause the chin to appear to
retreat. Leprosy, elephantiasIs, itch
and ophthalmia are frequent among the
New Guinea natives, and fully a third
of them are afflicted with a malignant
ringworm caused by a microscopic in
sect Among certain coast tribes of
the island the intermIxture of Arab and
Malay blood has produced a fairer type
OF people, superior to the Papuans; /;
other New Guinea tribes resemble the
Polynesians. In the mountainous
northern part of New Guinea, at Andai
are the Arfaks, which are described by
D'Albertis as fine, tall, strong people,
superior to natives of the coast. The
type of the mountain tribes isgenerally
Papuan, and the expression of their
countenances is melancholy. Among
them, according to this explorer, are
albinos; and some tribes have the
woolly hair of the genuine negro
Among the natives the level of civilian
ton varies, but 1t seldom reaches even
the average Pacific island standard.
They have no single name for New
Guinea, nor any idea of its extent, only
using terms signifying great land ~
distinguish 1t from the adjacent islands.
Gounod's Interest in Young Musi-
clans.