The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1890-08-17

been the more ancient religion They built
TOUR highways, that still remain, leading
from Cuzco to the four cardinal points. and
erected magnificent temples, palaces, walls
and forts.
When their armies had conquered prov
ince, they brought the idols of the tribe. to-
gether with the chiefs and their families.
TO Cuzco, where they were treated with
every mark of kindness and respect; and
when the chiefs had been thoroughly in
structed concerning the power of the Inca
and the spirit of his regime, they were sent
back to their former homes and were often
restored to their official positions as repre-
sentatlves OF the government at Cuzco.
TAXEs WERE REDUCED
IN the conquered provinces, the Door cared
Tor, the children instructed in the language
OF the empire, and though greatest respect
was shown for the most ancient forms of
worship, the people were carefully taught
the religion of the Incas
TO make sure that there would be no
future rebellion among the conquered ma
ton, colony of several thousand
Aymaraes was sent to live among them,
ana as many of the subjugated people were
brought to the towns whence these colon
lists We're taken, where they were given
great advantages, including large tracts of
land exempt from taxation, and were made
to feel in every way that the
transfer had been for their bene-
MT. Thus it happens that so
many Qulchuas are found down here among
the Aymaraes and vice versa
q Though living side by side for centuries,
these two f.Teat nations have
PRESERVED THEIR ORIGINAL DIsTINcTNEss.
never uniting in marriage and seldom asso-
clatlng, and such thing as the admixture
NJ nif ho,, 4.
never known. In Puno, where nine tenths
OF the people are Indians, the Aymaraes
mold their daily market IN the great square
fronting the cathedral, while the Qulchuas
occupy another plaza for the same purpose.
Inc former tribe, which is most numerous,
lnhablt the southern portion of the CITY.
and the latter the northern portion. In the
street where the two divisions come to-
gelher, stream runs through the centre,
spanned by numerous queer little arched
bridges; and though the people living on
the opposite sides are generally friendly
with one another, they never cross the
dividing line and hold no social intercourse.
Says Knox: "Only in their resistance to
the Spanish conquest did they make com
mon cause, and have fought side by side in
every revolt against the oppressor Both
are grave, dignified, silent and sad, and as
we look at them they seem to be musing
turies."
THOUGH MUCH ALIKE IN PERSONAL APPEAR
ANCE,
except that the Aymara men are taller and
more powerful than the Quichuas and their
women are, if possible, uglier, one can dis
tlnguish scions of the two races at glance
whenever met by 1.-The cut of the gib,'' so to
speak. The Quichua men wear very short
trousers, barely reaching to the knee,
ponchos, or blankets, striped with brilliant
colors, their heads thrust through slit in
the middle, and hats, If any, a great deal
too small for their heads. Each woman Of
the tribe is always seen with bundle at
her back, made by blanket folded in a
peculiar fashion, in which she can carry
not only her baby, but all the household
goods. She is always bareheaded, her
frowsy black hair braided with white
strings, the latter braided together at the
ends.
The male Aymara wears very wide trou-
sers of black wooden, slit long way up the
leg, either at the back or the outer side.
ana underneath full drawers of coarse
white cotton, which flop about his ankles
as he walks.
ON HIS FEET ARE RAwHIDE SANDALS:
on his head knitted cap of brilliant colors.
cone shaped, with ear-laps and a long point
which bangles gracefully over his nose or
bobs about gally when the wearer is on his
usual dog-trot. Their women universally
wear dresses of dark blue flannel, quite
snort and beautifully shirred from the
waist down over the hips. The bodice.
made separate from the skirt is sort of
Tyrolean jacket of the same coarse blue
flannel, woven by themselves, very short,
low-necked and barely coming together at
the bosom, showing all around the white
chemlse beneath. They are commonly
barefooted and the ponchos of both men
and women are black, pathetic sign of
mourning, 1t is said, worn by every member
OF the tribe through all generations ever
since their beloved Atahualna, the last of
the lucas, was basely murdered by pizarro.
The Women's shawls are fastened at the
breast with huge pin of brass or silver.
SNAPPED Ike spoon. Their hats are the
oldest, generally made OF black velvet or
blue fiannel put on, curtain fashion. over a
wide platform of pasteboard extending ont
from the mead all around like an umbrella
There is considerable difference in
THE DRESS AND HABITS
of portions of the same tribe who dwell n,
different pueblos. For example, wLile
many OF them, both men and women, wear
their long hair carefully braided in manv
small strands which hang straight down
the back, others merely tie their locks to-
gether at the nape of the neck without
braiding; others cut the back har, but cul-
tivate heavy shock which falls over the
eyes like bang; and others let it grow as
nature wills, without the aid of comb or
scissors. There is an infinite variety of
hats, too, all of most peculiar shape.
Though all these Indians are intensely
Roman Catholic in religion, many of their
customs and superstitions show traces of
the ancient faith of their fathers. To cite