The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1890-07-05
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

There are 254 registered trade unions
in England and Wales, with q member
ship of about $50, OO0
"A locomotive engine has been per-
fected in England, and was recently
tried on one of the roads, which can
make, average time, ninety miles an
hour.
The effect of the electric light cur
rent on the compasses of some vessels
is so great that it becomes necessary to
determine how many hours the dynamo
has been running before working out
the vessels reckoning.
Paper is made in France from hop
vines; and it is claimed that the fibre
secured is the best substitute for rags
yet obtained, as it possesses great
length, strength, flexibility and delicacy.
In cases where there has been excess
sive vibration noticed with engines
bolted to beams or Orders of the upper
stories of buildings hanging heavy
weights from the bottom of the engines
has overcome the vibration almost en-
tirely. -
tensive use in Germany for propellers
and other fittings for boats. The alloy
consists of 80 per cent. of copper and 10
per cent. of aluminium, looks like gold,
and has the same weight as iron.
Great progress is being made in
rapid photography. Lord Rayleigh has
photographed a minute let of water in
tine 100,ooOth of second; and a new
camera takes ten successive views a sec
oad on the turning of crank.
"A new disinfectant has made it's APP
petrance under the name of thiocamph.
1t IS combination of camphor with
sullhurous acid, containing over sixty
tim's its volume of sulphurous acid gas,
whih, upon its exposure in warm
room is gradually evolved.
Experiments have recently been
madetn Spain on the action of sunlight
in maturing wines. Layers of new
wine n bottles of colored glass have
been exposed to the direct rays of the
sun, with the result that both flavor and
quality have been improved. In the
south OF Europe there has been prac-
|
bottles ca the roof for years.
"A regular industry is being started
in this ountry in the manufacture of
gearing or electric railways out of raw
hide. tits preferred to metal, as it
makes ia less noise and wears better.
The matgial is said to finish up in the
working as we'll as metal. The use of
this mateial indicates that very severe
strains ae brought to bear upon cogs
not capable, if of metal, of standing the
stress.
The dectric microscope promises to
make some wonderful revelations in the
world of science. At recent medical
congress n Europe microscopical prepar-
atoms unier a magnifying power of H.
900 Inca were made visible to an as
semblageof 800 persons. The pulsating
heart of dog and the heart beats pro-
duced by suffocation were successfully
demonstrated.
Experiments recorded by the medi-
cal press indicate that most microbes
succumb soon after their victims have
died. Tests were made with nine differ
lent micro-organisms and the bodies of
Sle animals killed were either buried
or kept under water or exposed to the
air. The bacillus of fowl cholera was
seldom found after three weeks, but
the tubercular microbe did not lose
its virulence until 2o4 and 252 days had
elapsed. All trace of the other organ
isms was lost in from three days to a
week, including those of typhoid fever,
Asiatic cholera and lockjaw.