The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-01-12
LEWIS AND CLARKE.
DISTRACTIONS FOR THE ExPE-
DlTlON.

and obstacles Shown-Rrobably Jehcr-
sons work.
a., WAS stated ~ our last number that
,,'.iv,othor Lewis had been appointed by
.'. PRESIDENT 90 take charge OF the eXpcdi-
., ,o The northwest. For doing this he
'.,. reasons that should not be overlooked
r. he had known him when a boy, had
.t.had his course 90 manhood aud had
...le him his private secretary, lie had
.t.r.f,re. the best opportunity Of judging as
' , ,.ar-onal poculiaritics. Mr.. Jefferson
...rife- him az a remarkable man for his
...r. ..Of courage undaunted; possessing
frnncss and perseverance OF purpose
Shiloh nothing bat impossibilities could
r,.ri from Its drection;' careful as
"''..of tbom committed 20 his charge, yet
.,rslr iu Che maintenance OF order ana
...firD.r intimate with The Indian
.r customs and principles,
,','.,ra.li 90 the hunting life: honest dis
.'.....,..i. liberal. OF sound understanding
r tl.lIfv. 90 truth SO scrupulous that
..,.r Ie should report would Dee as GER
ID. rf seen hv ourselves Indeed. IN
. ..rrlD person. this young country gem
.i..,.r scented implanted by nature all the
--.r..l qualifications for such am under
..t.nr ln reading descriptions OF him, OF
.. PERSONAL appearance ms physical
.....fh and ur0Wcss. his mental ana moral
..,f.vmonis, one is strongly reminded OF
tC..l.n.fnn himself when at "a somewhat
... Doe and young Fairfax pene-
t.. unfroruented wilds of Western
.... and Pennsylvania ON their first
..re expedition. Lewis had al
fr ne weight of certain re-
hIff. which had Influenced his
....l.r 100 twenty-five years Of age. But
.fr.ifinuai advantages had net been
''..I f1 those OF bis youn. prototype. ms
..f was now seriously felt. a consider
.If. continuance with the technology and
...,.f.raI application OF astronomy WAS ne
....lrl fo the accurate observations he
would Doe required 90 make lon his long jour
nov. The geography Of am unknown c0un-
Dos is 0f the utmost importance. All else Is
az secondary interest and value, unless the
.rNfiorer can locate with accuracy What he
has found. whether OF the mineral, ve-eia-
llD. 0r animal world In order 20 acquire
fhi, necessary information Captain Lewis
went 90 Philadelphia, then the seat OF
science and learning, 90 put himself IN COM
municatiOu with the professors az ihal
ulace. How long Doe remained there is not
stated. but in April. 1908, Doe received his
instructions. drawn in fun, and detailing al
Iength and with wonderfully accuracy and
comprehension every item that would seem
indispensable ~ the success of the enter
prise Doe was about iO undertake lhis re-
markable Document was doubtless the work
.f Sir. Jefferson. The importance Of the eN-
f.iHion is Illustrated by the character Of
r... Instructions. Amer reminding him
fl.f a- secretary of the President, he had
already been made acquainted with the OBJ
...f- ir view. Mr. jefferson informs Captain
l..,i- that the proper Astronomical iustru-
ment- had already been provided. II would
I. necessary 90 have collected articles Tor
l.rf.r among the Indians. arms for lis at
ffnlluf- of ten sr twelve men. TENTS boats
.rd other travelling apparatus. with ammu-
milton. medicines, surgical Instruments
,.r., i-ious. &c. The Secretary OF W ar was
D.. .fte him such aid as was in his power,
and he was authoriz "a TO enlist from the
r...-rI1r troops the number 0f men required.
yble iu the limits of the nited states his
..nluct and report might Doe governed Toy
fIn circumstances ~ his position, but
tDi- could not Dee the case after
he expedition had entered tine ter
rt0rv of other powers. lie is DID.
formed that The objects OF the mission mao
lren communicated o. the French. spanish
and ENGLISH governments. mat ine ass
r0ri num the French minister viii afford
l,.,f. nr0focti0u. inasmuch as Louisiana
lai been coded hy the ~paniards to That
-nm.nt. rna suece ding instructions
,r. .0 valuable and particular, that we
....,r fh.m iu fuli "Ihe object of your mis-
.iirs- aDNullin the Missouri river and
...I rr.reirIr streams ot a.. as hy iis course
and Communication with the waters Of the
f,...t.. ocean. whether the Columbia. ore
..r. Colorado ur any other river, may onei
tha most direct and practicable water
communication across the continent for the
UrrU-N- ni commerce.
D.. g..Inn.n- 30 The mouth of Che Missouri,
tor ,,fu fake observations OF latitude ana
f0nr.fifa I'D all remarkable points on the
rit.r. D-Deciallv at the mouths of rivers AZ
rands. no islands. and other places. ana
objects DISTINGUISHED hy ,uch MARKS and
character, OF % durable Kind as that they
may with certainty be recognized hereafter.
'rn.cn.lr-.- Of the river between these points
0f observation may le supplied hy the COM
mass. fha iOg-i'ne and by time, corrected
tt bio observations themselves. The Naria-
fi0n- of the needle. too, in different places
should Dor n0ilccs.
.Ihe interesting points OF the portage
between the heads OF The Missouri ana OF
OLD. ..if.r- Ofenn. the bes. communication
t.Ifh fhe Pacific ocean. should also Dee liked
Dos observation. and the course OF That water
q. The ocean in .he same manner as That OF
Old. Missouri Your observations are I'd pc
taken with great pains and accuracy; % DE
entered distinctly and inielhGiDll i0r others
.. ,,0Ii las Yourself. fO c0mprehend an the ele-
fnanf. necessary. with the aid oi tle usual
table. t0fx The latitude and Longitude OF
the places at which they were taken. ana
are 10 he rendered f0 the War ONCE Tor me
purpose of hayin. tAe calculations MADE
c0nurrently hy proper persons WITHIN the
United States. several copies ol ihe-e' as
well a. nf YOUR other notes. should Doe made
..H.H Oh j.
most trustworthy oi your attendants 10
ruAri. hr multiplying Them against The ac-
cidrnfni losses fOWhicb they VIII DE CA
posed. A further guard would De that one
0ffhc.a copies la on The cuticular men,
hrlre- of the papef-bIrch. as less liable 10
injury from damp than common paper.
.Tfe commerce which may be carried on
mill. fla nDouie fuhlhIting the line YOU VIII
rfrsIe. render. "a knowledge OF those peo-
Die important. You VIII therefore endeaNor
f0 make Yourself acquainted. as Ear as "
dII.erf pursuit Of yOuI Journey shaii auihlt'
with fhe names oi tine nations ana lhch
numbers. the extent and limits OF tneif loS-
sessions. their relations with other tribes
and r.f,on.. their language. traditions,
monuments. their ordinary occupations DID
.sr..rIfure. Hshiug huut'ue war, arts,
anI ihe implements for these their iooo'
..flIrr. and domestic accommodations;
Old. diseases prominent among them ana
OBJ. r.midie- they use; moral ana phy sicai
Circumstances which distinguish tnein
from fhe tribes we know; pecniiariiies
ir their laws. customs and dispositions
and articles Of commerce hey may
need dr. furnish and % what eX-'
fanf. and. considering the interest when
every nation has in extending ANA Strength
enne Che authority OF reason ana justice
among ths people around them, 10 wiil pc
useful OBJ acquire what knowledge you can
of tle state 90 morality, religion ana III
formation among them. as 10 may Deil'I en-,
able those wn0mly endeaYor 90 ciFiile ana
instruct ilam t0 adapt their measures 10 ihe
existing notions and practices Oh lho7e Oh
whom tleY age t0 operate
"Oihrr objects worthy Of notice VIII per
The SOIL of the country. its growth ana veg,
efahie productions. especially those NOT on
the United states. the animals OF me couh-
frf generally. and especially those not
known in she United states, the remains
and accounts Of ans Which may De deemed
rlre or extinct: the mineral productions on
every Kind. but more particularly IheiAie'
limestone pic coal and saiipeiiei sailhes
lni mineral waters. noting Che temperature
m fha last and such circumstances as may
Indicate their character. volcanic appear
aneas. climate as characterized oy me theI-
"...a 81 d.