The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1890-07-10
OUR RURAL TOPICS,
Some Practical Suggestions for Our
Agricultural Readers
TIE FLAVOR OF BUTTER.

THE FLAVOR OF BUTTER.
The Secretary Of tho Central New York
Farmers Club in an address to that body,
said:
" The purest milk and butter is quickly con-
tamnated by bad odors and bad air, and
especially does il take the SAVIOR and flavor of
the food on which the COW may be fed, whether
it be rank herbage wild onions, stale cabbage,
musty fodder, sour whey, sour ensilage, etc, as
all these are perceptible in the odors and
tlavors Of the milk. In cold weather the
kitchen is often used for setting milk, and then
the milk takes in the prevailing odor of tho
place Winter butter is frequently bad when
made in au atmosphere surcharged with house
hold odOrs, no matter how good the COW and
how pure her milk may be. But when we
turn TO tho sweetness and light OF the whole
matter, then the testimony of the most sue
eessful butter and cheese makers may DO cited.
A Wisconsin woman, who writes over the in
itials of S. H. r., says: / know this much,
that in the Summer when our cows are past
ured where they can get sweet grasses and arc
fed night and morning little bran or shorts,
or ground cats or barley, and have pure water
| and shady place to go at pleasure, my butter
then brings the best prices
The food and water are elements entering
into the production of fine butter and cheese
that are not taken sufficiently into considera-
ton. Even the presence of sweet-smelling and
sweet-flav0red herbs have their influence. A
| noted butter-maker once said that at no season
| of the year could he make quito so fine, aro-
matte and doliciously favored butter az when
| the breezcs waited the odor Of apple blossoms
| through the screens of the windows into his
| dairy. house, that stood in the midst of them.
| Some lady butter makers who have acquired
an enviable reputation for fine favored butter
| have been known TO put sweet herbs and flow
| ers Of delicious od0rs around their milk-paus
| We are told that the dairy products OF some of
| the European countriesas portions of Switzer-
! land aud ltaly-aro dependent for their supe-
riority almost wholly on their delicious grasses
| their pure water and their sweet scented herbs
| and flowers, which dairymen and women cul-
| tiyate most assiduously. There are sections Of
| cur own country where these natural adyan-
tages will always have their influence; and
| when we once get settled down to business. so
| that everything is run steadily and on a level
! heated basis, these superior advantages will be
| apparent aud universally acknowledged"
STUDYING THE Rec COLONY
When you first open hive filled with bees
| You will probably notice only one kind of bees,
| but when Summer has advanced far enough
| you will soon discover that there arc some bees
! larger that others, aud Il you carefully look
| over the combs you will no doubt find ono bee
| that looks unlike any other. This leads me to
| say that there three kinds Of bees in q
| colony during the Spring and Summer months.
| The queen is larger than any OF the rest She
is tho only perfect female in tho colony She
! lays all the eggs, thus becoming the mother Of
! both workers and dFones. She lives two or
| three years. She never leaves the hive except
| when leading out the FIRST swarm OF the season,
| whose queen she becumea
| The drone IA a large bee, bat is not so loBg
| as the queen. There may bs several huudred
Of them in a colony. They are the male bees
! Their presence Is necessary during the season
| when young queens are being raised, To fertilize
| them. They do not sting, but are stung out
| OF the hives by the workers when no longer
| needed.
! The workers are neuters, or imperfect 70.
males. There may be 10000 or more of them
| In one colony. As their name implies, they
| do nearly all the work comb building, honey
| gathering, tending and feeding tho young bees.
| They do not live long. During the Summer
season they live from % To 90 days. Ia the
! Winter, being most OF the timo in dormant
| state, they live much loneer. the younger bees
! Of the Fall living until Spring.
| Bees build three kinds ut celia The or
/ dinery work cell, tho drone-cell aud the
! queen cell The queen lays ali the eggs. An
/ 0Eg ia a worker-eell viii produce "a worker IN
| IL dTone-cell drone, and IN queeu-eeil 10 will
| produce queen. II queen dies leaving eggs
| in the cell tue bees can rear themselves another
| queen by building queen. over a common
| worker cell aud feeding the laTvB IN the cell
royal Jelly. In due time this laryge. originally
/ designed 70 be "A worker, comes forth a queen.
| The four stages of transformation OF insect
| life are ali present ia perfect colony Of bees.
! Tho queen lays tho eEg in the bottom of the
ecil. In Two or three days IL is halchcd aud a
| tiny liitlo worm Is seen covered with "a kind OF
! white jelly-like hnid This continues to grow
until the cell 10 bali filed by It. Then il spins
it's cocoon, closing up the cell, in which il takes
ats sleep, preparatory 10 coming out TO engage
in its life work. The irst stage Of this tieyel.
opment is the ovnm, or egg state, for IL does
| not show by It's appearance what it is To be.
| come. The third Is the pupa, or baby state. II
| Is now wrapped aud bandaged aud UNDERGONE
the change from IA craving To a flying animal
The fourth IS the image state. Ii is now th,
| image or representative in full OF its speciss
All these stages will be present in "A colony thai
Is in perfect condition. Nebraska Farulsr.
NOTES.
Always give an abundance of room for tn,
storage OF surplus honey. When bees I'LL al
available space with honey they will max,
preparations 10 swarm.
The Michigan Farmer says: "When Won kicL
a COW just pause and think that you are kick
ing dollars out OF your pocket; aud when yot
| pouhu Der Win lhe milk stool that You mr.,
robbng your wife and children of the neces
saries, and you probably won't do it.
In the six months beginning Nov. / 1880
there was exported 627. 555, s04 pounds of no,
product, against 133, 929, 304 pounds in the sam,
time year before aud rs, IDD, sg5 pounds o
beet, against l3J, ,532 pounds In pork ant
beef together the gain iii aggregate weight wa
over IL per cent.
Brothers should be forced to maturity n
quickly las possible, and the younger they ar
the more tender and juicy will be the flesh
From one to two pounds is the right weight
aud under good feeding aud care the chicken
will make this weight at eight or 10 weeks old
The average price OF them in the markets il D
TO 80 cents pound; quito often IS cents
{ pound may be procured for them. Plymouth
Rocks and Light Brahmas make the best l,rniI
eTs.
We made u number Of experiments with avs
ter-shell, gravel, flint aud other grit. sava IN
Germantown Telegraph, and find that our Ines
! eggs records come whom tho shells ara give,
both ducks and chickens Some of the writer
are now having Is tnssle about the quantity q
lime, etc, In oyster. shells, but they will no
agree We favor the oyster shell feed and sbaI
continue ii as long Us fowls arc greedy after
and the egg production Increasing. The ne,
theories gotten up have failed to educate M
people to the fact that there Is no lime I'm than
An effective metod for preventing a bors