davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19
MARRIAGE IN PERSIA.
1t is Held to BE Shame for a Girl of
teen to BE Unmarried.

1t is Held to Be Shame for a Girl of Six
teen to BE Unmarried.
Persia is, par excellence, the country
where marriage is made easy, especially
among the poor. For mechanic, SOL
der, laborer or servant, is no more ex-
pensive for man to maintain family
than to maintain himself. The few ar
ticles of furniture required, the scanti-
ness of attire. the cheapneSs of the ma
terial used by the poor for clothing and
the low price of their usual fare, such
as bread, fruit, mutton and chicken, all
tend to make it very inexpensive to sup
port a family.
1t is held a burning shame for girl of
sixteen not to be married, and old maids
are practically unknown in Persia: One
Of the many sisters of the Shah never
married, but she was for that reason
a source of wonderment to the people.
Love in our sense is unknown among
the Persians.
Boys, if of good family. get seeghay
and often couple of female slaves when
but sixteen or seventeen years old.
Young fellows will, also, if their fathers
be influential, be appointed to fat Office
when but half grown. Thus the son of
The present Minister of Foreign Affairs
Mousheer-ed- Dowlehl. when but four
teen and standing but five feet high, was
made Governor of Kaswin, an important
aud fiourishing province, and at that age
had already small but select andoroun.
He was, it is true, more mature in
body and mind than many an American
boy of eighteen, and he did not admin
lister affairs of the province worse than
had his predecessor, a man of sixty.
When full grown the young man takes
a legitimate wife, usually chosen among
his female cousins, and the seeghays
/ Tor temporary wites'O are then dis
missed but are often reinstated later
on Cor. London. Tim es.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19
~READY! PULL!w BANG.
five and Clay Pigeon Shooting and
How Experts Do It
Tn. Proper Equipment for a Club of Be
cinners at Trap shooting-A Sport
That Is Growing More Popular
Every Year.
IcorYRIGHrED 1901


For the busy man who loves the sound
az gun. yet who can only indulge in
a shooting excursion once or twice a
year in the season. it is standing re-
gret that his lack of practice between
seasons puts his hand out of trim for the
birds. lie finds that he is by no means
as GOOD shot at the opening of the
season as he was at the close of the pre-
vious year, and it takes very nearly his
whole holiday to regain his old skill.
But this is all being rapidly changed.
Trap shooting, which has taken hold of
the public fancy to very large extent
in recent years, affords the opportunity
for practice so greatly desired, and if
the sportsman is lucky enough to be a
member of club, he can have all the
practice he wants at little loss of time
and small cost. He has the satisfaction,
TOO. when he takes his holiday, of find
laundering with the gun. His hand
and eye are quick, his aim is true and
he is able to hold his own with other
competitors in the huntIng-feld.
Trap shooting was, until few years
ago, confined almost wholly to profess
SIGNALS, and very few amateurs were
skillful enough TO be ranked as experts.
Now, however, there are clubs in every
big CITY, and some of the amateur sports
men would not make at all bad showing
exen by the side of such distinguished
shots as BoEardus, DR.. Carver and other
noted guns of the trap and hunting
field
Trap shooting with artificial birds is
one of the least expensive sports, yet
one of the most enjoyable. So many
improvements have been made recently
in the manufacture of clay pigeons that
the natural action of the bird is now
simulated with remarkable fidelity and
practice at the inanimate birds is con-
sidered Just as good for the marksman
as though he were shooting at live pig
cons. A great many clubs use the arti-
fetal birds exclusively, the most prom
inent in the East being the German
Gun Club, of New York, and the South
side Club, of New. rk \. j. The favor
ite birds are the Ligowoky clay pigeon,
with clay tongue; the Bat" which may
be thrown from clay pigeon trap or a
regular bat trap; the American clay
bird, which is exceedingly hard to hit,
but when hit is easily broken, and the
Standard ana keystone, both of which
are fac SMILES of the blue rock pigeon.
One of the birds formerly used had a
paper tongue; but it was found that in
wet weather this would become limp
and refuse to work. The most reliable
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

3, The Hurlingham's Position.
have a clay or a wooden tongue. The
best clay pigeons, when bought in guam
titles for the use of clubs, cost about
two cents each.
In some recent big matches shot in
this neighborhood the birds cost an av-
erage of two dollars apiece, ana in
match between DR.. Knapp and Major
Floyd Jones not long ago several hun
dred birds were killed, costing dollar
each The pigeons for these contests
come from different parts of the coun-
try, but the best are from Baltimore,
where the famous blue rock breed is
raised. The blue rock is a small bird;
hard, firm and heavy for its size. a
great many gunners who have not had
much experience in iive-bird shooting
make the mistake of selecting big birds
under the impression that they are the
strongest and the fastest flyers. Elk
pertS, however, will pick out the small
firm bird, as they know by experience
that they will fly faster and are in every
way better suited for the traps.
In shooting either at live or artificial
birds good deal depends upon the
weather. Windy weather has an effect
both on the fight of the live birds and
the artificial ones. If the day be hard
and cold and pretty windy, the live
birds get up wilder and the clay ones
naturally sail faster with the wind.
All matches at artificial birds are shot
from three or five traps set level, five
yards apart in the segment of circle
or in a straight line and numbered con-
secutively. These traps should throw
the birds from forty to sixty yards. The
puller stands six feet behind the shooter
and pulls at the latter's command. If
he pulls too early, the marksman can
refuse the bird and he is then entitled
to another. In single bird shooting,
the rise is regulated according to the
gun used add runs from thirteen to
eighteen yards; in doubles it is from
eleven to sixteen yards. With
singles, one barrel only is loaded at a
time.
Position has a good deal to do with
success in trap shooting. Although the
marksman in all except the National
association CluDS may assume any
standing attitude he pleases, he will
find most of those Of his own choice
ungraceful and Ineffective The late
Ira Paine used to stand with the stock
of his gun almost resting on his right
hip and the barrels raised to an angle
Of forty-five degrees ready for the
word
Bogardus invariably held his gun be-
low the elbow. with the barrel slightly
raised, according TO Nottingham Club
rules. DIR. Carver's pose is unique. His
left arm is held perfectly straight, the
left hand grasping the barrel tar for
ward and the stock of the gun near but
not pressing the chest below the armplt
The position officially adopted by the
National association and approved by
the best clubs is to have the stock OF
the gun held lightly below the armpit,
little higher than the elbow, the bar
rel raised to level with the chin, the
head erect and the feet squarely placed.
with the left foot advanced. This po-
sition calls for the least change before
the shot is actually delivered.
Another important consideration Is
the gun. Eastern experts. while using
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

teen to five hundred dollars. A good,
hard-hitting gun with Damascus steel
barrels, English walnut stock, check
cred and engraved, can be bought for
fifty dollars and upward.
In loading for trap shooting, for
twelve-guage gun, three drains of powder
and two wads are put back of one or
one and one-eighth ounces of No. 6, s
or 10 chilled shot, according to wind and
distance.
Under the rules of the National and
American Association which have been
revised within the last few weeks any
weight gun is permissible, but it must
not be over ten-bore in calibre. The
powder charge is unlimited and the
charge of shot for ten-bore guns is fixed
at one and one-quarter ounces. Each
contestant must shoot at three or more
birds before leaving the score. In
doubles both traps are sprung stimuli
taneously and each contestant shoots at
three pairs, firing at two birds while
both are in the air. When the traps are
set in a straight line, instead of in the
segment of a circle, rapid-tiring sys-
tenn is used, the traps are screened and
numbered and the marksman stands OPP
posite the first trap, shoots his bird and
then passes on to the right shooting
from the successive traps till he reaches
the end of his score. For live birds the
/ boundaries for both singles and doubles
are fixed as the segment of tifty-yard
circle and dead-line where the marks
man stands.
The rise for 1O-bore guns is thirty
yards, for 12-bore twenty-eight yards,
for II and 16-bore twenty-six yards. The
rule as to ammunition is the same as for
clay birds. There are clubs in num-
Der of States affiliated with the Amer
lean Association, and all shoot under
the rules quoted.
The organization of a trap shooting
club is not a very expensive atfair.
The best way for a company of anna
teurs to proceed about it is as follows:
Let them first secure their ground and
then buy three traps for clay birds,
which will cost them about two dollars.
These traps can throw any kind of
artificial bird, and are easily changed
4 to shoot in all directions. A frSt-clasS
]
afternoons sport at the clays won't cost
/ the members over two dollars each, al
lowing them forty shots apiece. They
should dig pit on the ground about
three or four feet deep, and protect it
by a screen for the use of the men who
set tho traps. If they want to kill
live birds a trap can be made very
cheaplY by any carpenter. IT. is a box
shaped device, ten by eight inches long
and seven inches deep, and can be
either of wood or metal.
1t should be painted green, which
color does not distract the eye of the
marksman The trap is secured in place
by two iron pins driven through the
bottom and into the ground. 1t consists
of six pieces held together by hinges
and so arranged that when sprung to
release the pigeon the top and sides,
front and rear, shall fall outward, leaV-
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

THE sphere of woman is certainly
extending. said Mrs. Washington to her
husband. Every once in while some
woman goes into the lecture field.
ayes, " said her husband YEARLY, eve
nv married man knows that. WASH
ington Post.
-Tommy-'sPaw, why do they always
say counting noses when they talk
about countinga crowd?" Mr.. flgg IL
started at political meetings. my son
yon can see a politicians nose when
there IS not light enough to distinguish
anv thing else. "-Terre Haute Express.
Husband of strong-minded woman
..WelI NV dear. they have elected you
nres;dent of the women's equal rights
club. You're Mrs. President, Of course;
That will be your title now. What will
be9n Wife."You'I be the same little
sid idiot you always were, George"
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19
GENESIS OF DEATH.
CompIexity of Organization Fatal to the
Perpetuation Of the Organism.

Completely of Organization Fatal to the
Perpetuation Of the Organism.
From the dawn of life the structures
best adapted to surrounding conditions
have been victors; whatever features
have proved useful have been seized up
on by natural selection and secured
dominance. The enormous mass of the
lower forms have persisted to this day,
because the balance established between
them and their surroundings has re-
NAMED unaltered But wherever the
balance between living things and their
surroundings has been disturbed new
demands have been made upon them, to
which they responded, or, failing that re-
Spouse, persisted. Hence it is in the
first complexity of structure, the first
departure from simplicity, that the seeds
of death were sown. For that death be-
comes a necessity. So far as its occur
renee by natural causes is concerned,
we know that as organisms get older
(although this applies more to animals
than to plants, in which the cells, as
they become liquifed or converted into
wood, are overlaid with new cells) their
power of work and of renewal is lessened.
The cells which form the vital fabric of
tissues are worn by continual use; the
waste exceeds the repair, and death ulti-
mately ensues, because WORKOUT It's
sue can not forever renew ITSELF and be-
cause capacity for increase by means
of cell division is not everlasting, but
finite" Why there should be this limit
to cell division we can not say, but it is
clear that with the notifications of or
gans according to the work which they
discharge there results subtler struc-
ture which is less easy to repair and is
shorter of duration The one-celled or
ganisms have found salvation in sim
plicity. We are, therefore, driven to
the conclusion that since there is, prima
facie, no reason why growth should be
limited or why function should come to
an end, death must have been brought
about by natural selection, which deter
mines survival or extinction from the
standpoint of utility alone. There
needs no showing that it is to the adj
vantage of the species that individuals
should die Their Immortality would be
harmful all around nay, impossible,
unless vigor remained unimpaired, and
the multiplication of offspring does not
overtake the means of subsistence. For
/ it is evident" as Mr.. Russell Wallace
remarks in note which he has con-
tributed to DR.. Weismann's essay, that
when one or more individuals have pro-
vided a sufficient number of successors,
they themselves, as consumers Of
nourishment in constantly increasing
degree, are an injury to those successors
Natural selection, therefore, weeds them
out, and in many cases favors such races
as die almost Immediately after they
have left successors" as, e. g., among
the male bees, the drone perishing
while pairing, death being due to sud
+ den, nervous shock.-American An
alyst
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19
Longevity OF Engmsh Statesmen.

Disagreeable though the climate OF
England may appear to the uninitiated,
vet it is apparently conducive to lon
gevity. In addition to Mr.. Gladstone,
whose mental and physical vigor at an
advanced old age are well known
throughout the world, there are some
nine or ten octogenarian members of the
House of Commons. In the House of
Lords no less than thirty of the peers
are over eighty years old, Lord Cotres-
loe. who is the father of the House,
being ninety-one, and the Earl of Alber-
marie, who fought as an ensign at
Waterloo ninety years of age. On the
active list of the British Navy we find
the name of Admiral Sir Provo Wallis,
of shannon, and Chesapeake fame, who
is now about to enter upon his ninety
ninth year, while on the bench there
are no less than four judges who have
passed the age of forescore years.-N.
Y. Tribune.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

ing the whole affair fat on the ground.
There is lateral sliding door on the
rear end, through which the bird is ad-
mitted, and the front is barred like a
COOP In the center of the trap is a
metal or wooden tongue, pivoted on a
spring, and to this tongue a red rag
is attached. To spring the trap the
puller takes hold of a cord attached to a
leather strap on top; single tug re-
leases the fore lend of the top and as it
comes up, the sides and ends fall away
with a clatter. At the same instant the
spring on the tongue is released and
the bird, startled by the noise and the
sight Of the red rag, flies upward with
a rush.
In two cases lately brought by the
/ Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
| Animals in Trenton and Philadelphia,
! the decisions were in favor of the right
/ of the clubs to shoot live birds. A few
of the States still prohibit pigeon shoot
ing, Connecticut being one of them; but
in New York, New Jersey, Pennsyl-
vania and in the West generally. the
sport is allowed.
-PlaywrigLt-"H do you like my
new drama?" Friend-"rm delighted
with it. The dialogue is so natural
you know" Playwright with blush
of pleasure) 20, you flatter me
Friend mot bit of it. Your characters
talk commonplace and handy old jokes,
Just the same as people do in real life.
You've made great hit, an intensely
realistic one, | assure you. boston
Transcript.
The Worm Turned. Mr.. Bully Rag
Nov, sir, you have stated, under
/ oath, that this man had the appearance
of a gentleman. Will you be good
enough to tell the jury how a gentleman
looks, in your estimation" Down
/ trodden We'll, era gentle
man looks-er-like-er- Mr.. Bully
Ragg-'I dom t want any Of your ers, sir
and remember that you are on oath,
Can you see any body in this court room
who looks like gentleman" Witness
| with sudden asperity can if you'll
stand out of the way. You're not trans
parent. Puck.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

Jupiter, Fla, can boast of the most
intelligent mule on record. The ami
NAL is twenty-one years old. Every
night he proceeds to the life-saving sta
ton. 1t is customary for the man on
watch to discharge his coston signal Ia
red ight) when vessels come too near
The beach. The mule has caught on
to what this signal means. So every
night at eight o'clock the sailors four
legged friend proceeds to walk the
beach, and if a vessel comes too near
the shore the mule, instead of coston
signal. sends forth neigh that makes
night hideous. Port or starboard your
helm, - is the order on the Ship ans
away sail the Jolly tars in perfect safety
and with grateful heart TO the four
legged patrolman.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

Turn man with his face to the
wall. If he is perfectly nodded and
symmetrically made his chest will touch
the wall, his nose will be four inches
away, his thighs five inches and the end
Of his toes three inches.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

"A Boston sign bears the artless IN
scription: cigars and cigarettes sold
on the Sabbath for medicinal purposes
only"
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

Bright green colors are dangerous
when first-put on, because poisons are
used in the coloring matter.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

Even the humblest toiler in the land
can resolve to live for hire purpose
Washington Star.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1890-04-19

/. DR.. Carver's Unique Pose.
Q The Approved Position.
3. The Hurlingham's Position.
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1890-10-26

OF the Prussian armies was directed by
him with al absolute certainty of what
the result would be. The one success
OF the French was at Saarbruck, after
which Napoleon sent his famous tele-
gram to the Empress Eugene telling
her that their son, the prince imperial
who was to die at the hands of savages
few years later, had had his ''baptism
OF fire" and sustained the ordeal like q
hero. The war ended with the fall Of
Metz and the surrender at Sedan. The
siege of Paris was merely the epilogue to
the tragedy. Alsace and Lorraine,
wrested from Prussia nearly two hun
dred years before by Frerch diplomacy
were reclaimed, together with the largest
money indemnity ever exacted from a
defeated foe.
Since that time and until two years
ago Field Marshal Won Moltke has re-
NAMED the active head of the German
army. Soon after the accession Of the
present emperor he resigned the duties
of the position to younger man. He is
still, however, clear in intellect, and were
occasion to arise soon he would probably
be called in council to arrange plans of
campaign. He is probably the most
perfect master OF strategy that ever
lived. This characteristic overshadows
all others in him, and perhaps accounts
in measure for the fact that he falls a
little short in the public mind Of being
regarded as q hero. A mathematician
does not inspire hero worship. But
Moltke's record is unstained by any act
unworthy Of great commander and as
a man he has always been above re-
proach.
Long live Won Moltke. ...-
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1890-10-26

S0ASOs ~ 81vO0 WHO WOAAA1 HIM. 00T
protection-that is the exclusive prop
erty Of the monopolist, the trust iobber.
and the Misunderstanding it does giye
him free breakfast table. And they
trlumphantly wave the banner OF free
sugar in the campaign breezes they
labor to stir up. What is there in the
claim? The facts, the honest facts, are
Just these. On the table ITSELF. the
foundation, there is tax Of about 81
per cent. The tariff increases the price
of the domestic product. The republi.
can committee on ways and means as
serts that fact. So it is Of no
Importance whether the table be Of do
nestle or foreign manufacture. The lin
seed oil that is used to varnish
the table pays duty Of nearly 100 per
cent. The rate on the table cloth var
les according to its quality from 40 to
100 per cent. It does not follow that
the poor mans table cloth pays the
smaller duty. That is not the general
run of Carter's bill for cheapening the
cost of living to workers in Montana.
For plates. cups and saucers there is to
be added tax Of about Is per cent.
Glassware pays 60 per cent. Of duty;
cutlery 35 per cent. Raw sugar is free,
but the refined article is the one in W
on breakfast tables, and that is taxed.
Coffee is free so long as the president
cares to have it 80. Eggs are taxed five
cents dozen. We are assured that the
Mckinley bill protects the farmers and
that they have nothing to grumble at
Corn bread, meats, potatoes and
SO forth must, therefore, all be taxed.
An elaborate freedom and elasticity of
conscience are required to describe this
as free breakfast table.
While we wait for breakfast on this
republican gratis table, we have time to
observe that the window glass which
lights it is taxed 135 per cent, and the
carpet on the floor 80 per cent. or more
The housewives dress is taxed. So is
the clothing worn by the family. And
in the face Of these high figures for the
exclusive benefit Of the eastern manu-
facturer, the frugal farmers Of. this
country are asked to believe that five
cents on eggs and Is cents on potatoes
are margins amply sufficient for all their
needs. That is the opinion of Carter.
That is the opinion Of Mckinley. That
is the opinion Of the republican party.
II the farmers and wage-earners of Mon
tana are content with the arrangement
OF these figures, Carter goes. II they
are not, If they believe that the figures
create unjust determinations between
sections of our common country, il they
are certain that Carter's bill is the most
pernicious specimen of class legislation,
if they desire to save money to own their
own homes, If they care to give their
children helping hand when they need
it, then Carter goes and goes with q
vengeance.