Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1890-01-20
FIRE MADE By FRICTION.
HOW THE THING IS DONE ~ NA-
TNeS IN MANY COUNTRIES.

HOW THE THING rs DONE ~ Ma
TNEs IN MANY COUNTRIES.
NJ RabAang - Dry sassks Together Ii
~ Ypsurass MseAsA-Crsds Isssesieas
WAssA Rsaairs . Dsxsers1a Hand 70
0ysr.ss-TAs Pottery - F.ngus Piss-
One Of the nrss things every child
learns about fire Is that certain savage
rDces produce it by the rubbing Of two
stickA Delightfully."- simple - the de-
scrip<ioo Of the process,is. any one who
has tried 70 perform the operation will
certify that il is BY NO means an easy
one. and very likely will aftsrward de-
clare fervently upon oath that the thing
cannot be done. Many travellers have
tried, under the most suspicious circum-
stances-in countries where the produc-
ton Of fire in this manner is in every
day use, with . grinning native to choose
the weapons and give . practical exhi-
bition Of his own sHill-snd after many
joint and muscle aching experiments
have given up the attempt in a state of
mind bordering on temporary insanity
I'VE ourselves" writes traveller. shave
been successful just often enough to un-
derstand the uncertainty of the opera
ton"
JUDGMENT AND DEITERITY.
In the first place judgment is required
in choosing the sticks The immense
variety Of tropic vegetation furnishes
many sorts that answer the purpose, but
many also that will not; an expert some
times may be long in finding two species
suitable One must be light and soft,
the other heavy, Of close texture, and
both must be dry. Upon the heavy bit
cross, 6xes it tight-with his prehensive
toes probably-sharpens the light bit,
places it in the intersections of the cross,
and twirls it steadily between his palms.
Gradually finder forms, in the shape of
dust, which drops down the grooves in a
tiny heap on either side. If the twirling
be interrupted for q second that repre-
be recovered at enormous interest. II
the heavy piece shifts the finder is dis
placed.
But the power Of originating fire in
this manner with facility is not an &C
complishment possessed by every one,
even in the countries where the practice
exists The inhabitants Of the tropics do
not always depend wholly upon their
two sticks; among many tribes they are
nothing but last resort. They have
other methods Of producing fire A ma
tive carries in his betel box perhaps
fragment Of hard pottery and a morsel
of dry fungus. Fixing bit of the latter
in the hollow Of the former, and holding
it down with the thumb-in such a way
that it follows the edge-he smartly
strikes his box, which is bamboo, of
course. just as il he were handling flint
and steel The fungus finder is glowing
in an instant.
The friction methods in use in differ
ent parts Of the world are various One
Of the simplest is with the stick and
groove-a blunt pointed stick being run
along groove of its own making in
piece Of wood lying on the ground. In
Tahiti Mr.. Darwin saw a native produce
fire in few seconds, but only succeeded
himself after much labor. This device
is employed in New Zealand. the Sand
wich Islands, Tonga, Samoa and the
Radack Islands Instead of rubbing the
movable stick backward and forward.
other tribes make it rotate rapidly in 9
round hole in the stationary piece OF
wood, in the manner referred to, thus
making, as happily designated, fire
drill. This device has been observed in
Australia, Kamschatka, Sumatra and
the Carolines, among the Yeddahs OF
Ceylon, throughout great part of South
Africa. among the Esquimaux and In
dian tribes Of North America, in the
West Indies, in Central America and as
far south IS the Straits Of Magellan. II,
was also employed by the ancient Mexi,
cans, and Mr.. Taylor gives a quaint pict
ure Of the operation from Mexican MS,
in which a man. half kneeling on the
ground. is causing the stick to rotate be
tween the palms Of his own hands. This
simple method of rotation seems to bt
generally in use. but various devices
have been resorted to for the purpose Of
diminishing the labor and fastening the
result.
THE FIRE DRILL.
The Guacho of the Pampas takes "ar
elastic stick about eighteen inches long
presses one end to his breast and the
other in the hole in a piece Of wood, ana
then rapidly turns the curved part like
a carpenters center bit" In other cases
the rotation is affected by means of
cord or thong wound round the drill and
pulled alternately by this end and that
A further advance was made by some
North American Indians. who appear t.
have applied the principle of the bow
drill, and the still more ingenious pump
drill was used by the Iroquois Indians
For full description of these instru.
ments we must refer the reader to Mr.. |
Taylor's valuable chapter in his RE
Searches" These methods of producing
FIRE are but rarely used in Europe, and
only in connection with superstitious OBJ |.
servances.
We read in Wuttke that some time
ago the authorities of Mecklenberg vii. |
lage ordered a wild fire to be lighted
against the murrain among the cattle |
For two hours they strove vainly to OBJ
tain . spark, but the fault was not as
cribed to the quality of the wood or tc
the dampness Of the atmosphere, but tc
the stubbornness Of an old lady who, OBJ
jecting to the superstition. would not
put out her night light Such fire to
be efficient must burn alone At last the
strong minded woman was compelled to
give in: fire was obtained. but Of bad
quality, for it did not stop the murrain
A belief in the peculiar virtues of fire
by the friction of wood has at
one time or another prevailed among ma
tons Of Indo- European race, and not
many years ago the obtaining of need
(fre) was practiced in the Highlands Of
Scotland. One Of its principal virtues
has always been considered to be its ef-
6ciency against disease. Lon.
don.