Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-04-28
WHAT BOTANY TEACHES
The True Difference Between Yrur,
Vegetables.
Popular Science New 8.

Popular Science News.
Among the infinite VARIETY . d.
into which the different part. ana 49,.
of plants are developed, y.s frt .-.-.
| our choicest and most yalg-.-s
products. The leaves Of malv w.
like the lettuce, cnicory, .arl...s
parsley, etc, ars largaIr cons ma.
salad or cooked as greens. ,-.s..
we do not eat the leaf, but .r s..
mally thickeued petioJe, CT re.f s.--.. 49,.
asparagus heads are the y.u.r..-"
gathered before they devotion
branches. 1t i highly Necessary f.. 49,.
preservation OF plant Chq- st...-
should be spread widely over The --..-..'
and we find that the fully leu
seeds of many plants are >lrr-r-f.t5
pericsrp Of substances 9ttr.,,fva -.
palatable to ANIMALS.
In the apple and ounce. ..r %.
leaves and receptacle become {. ta-.f ~
fleshy, 10 form the edible nq--rs -
fruit. The strawberry IL u.t 81
berry at all, for the fruit 3 NOT d, -.-s-.
pistil, but an enlarged and ussr- -.
tacle, or extremity of the fgw---.....
thickly dotted over with tie r-..
ripened Ovaries containing the sect 49,.
usually mistaken for the seed. IT,.
selves. The fig, also, consist, Of s....--
enlarged receptacle. bat 10 I4- ...-.
it were, turned inside out, suI .a. 49,.
like ovaries are on the inside. -f-s-.
lesser degree.
Mulberrjes ana pinaappIes g7~,..
the ripeued products of many r.~.-.
placed on a common TeCeptagl.. wl.-.
itself part of the edible mass ~.
gaultheria or chuckerrerry Is uotaf-.--
but the thickened caIyX If the rrr..
which incloses q dry pod cOulalr-., ,,.
seed. The true berry Is permara-.-
closed, ripened, heshv pistu, iuc-.-,
the seeds. Familiar examples sr4s.
grape, currant and cranberry WEE.
the orange, pumpkin aud Tou-.. -s
peach, plum, etc. are known as lima
or stone fruits, in which tn. fuue, rs-
of the pericarp or ripeued pistE is ,-
and bOne-l like, inclosing the sod. viii.
outside of this IS the finsny. edible I.r-
The raspberry and black .lrv ..-s -,.
true berries, but are composed Of -~-.
Der of little drupes. or drr1rlet,, r.srt
together on an elongated receptasr r
the raspberry, the drupelets are r1aE7
detached from the receptacle, but 10 n.
black berry the whole cOheres st-ong.r-.
gether; aud the receptacle iJ ea.el v..
the rest Of the fruit. 4 nut is 8 s..-.
fruit OF dCupe. in which tbs tIesEv -s-
is absent. The true serl il incr,s
within the she'll, forming the edible p8-
There are other parts in which The .a..
ed pistil opens at maturity, freeing rs
seeds within. The pea and lean a.eH.
miliar examples. The uudcys57t
seeds of the former delight our appel.
as-ITeen peas, while the unriprned 1e
and seeds of the bean are bOiIeu tJge,1s,l|
and appear as string beans.
The mobilization Of roots also Err. |
nishes many valuable vegetables. Nag
Of these. however, are not true rcrs.
but subterranean stems, rs iz shown q
the presence of buds, o. sears wlse
buds have previously formed Ind drogDs
off. The so-called roots of gi0esrar
sweetfiag are merely thicAeued portion,
Of a Subterranean stem called Ole
ThiZoma, or root stalk Tut-5s, .a-
the potato and Jerusalem ar-.gta-s
(Which, by the way, l. not a. art
choke, and did not original" IN tsr.-
salem) are the enlarged buds af these
subteTrauean branches, IN which large
proportion of starch has been defos'e.
Examples Of a similar tendency TO fora
tubers have been observed 10 tue stems
of the potato plant above g.OH1t. A
bulb, like the onion, is formed by t-'
enlargement of the leaves 81 az undo
ground stem, as shown by the sce.5s Or
layers Of which it is composed. >a-
bulbs, or cOrms, are not tTu- bulls. be;
an enlarged underground stem.
IN the tuTnip, beet Pud r2dsn de
upper part of the root itself shares IL .ls
enlargement, so that these vegetables
are of q compound nature. . he ol.sa
of these underground enlargement Is
evidently to lay up store Of T0ur.'
ment for the plant during the sUcy5e1-'
season The caulitiOWer furnishes Oh
example Of the use of the dlls-
veloped flowers of plant ID SO
article of sOod, and IN lie U.7
artichoke the thick, ueshy ".a-'-
scales are utilized III the Same HaLl-..
We have thus seen that there IS ha1l'
any portion of n plaut which nay lo.s'
so modified as to Eecome food fer Til'
We have thus seen that the stra"J~r'!'
raspberry aud blackberry are not T7a+
berries, but that the squash and Il2p'.
kin are, while the potato. on.on 3D.
flag-root are not true roots. Iu5;' 81
only q few of the wonderfully -ute.-i,--
lessons taught by the science ol J1-s-''