The morning call., 1890-12-02

nancy. II these critics really believe That the
adopiion by us OF ree-trade polcJ, or Of tariff
rates having reference solely 10 revenue, would
diminish the participation of their own countries
10 Tue commerce OF the world, their advocacy
a n' promotion by speech and other form of or
pie Is rare exhibition OF unseliislness in trade
ana on the other hand. II they sincerely believe
t ma. .ne adoption OF protective tariff policy by
ms country inures to their profit and our nurt.
IL Is noticeaby straUge that they should lead the
QUERY against the authors OF policy so hopeful
,Sa aneir connirymen and crown with their favor
THOSE WHO would snatch from them substantial
snare OF a trade with other lands already made.
quate 10 their necessities. There is no disposition
ar arong any Oh our people TO promote pronibitory
Ut ietaliatory legislation. Our policies are
adapted not TO the hurt of Others but 10 secure
LOT ourselves those advantages that fairly grow
"u' Vi our favored position as nation.
MUST SAVE OUR woRKMEN.
our form OF government. with its incident of
unlyeisal suffrage, makes 1t imperative that we
snaii save our working people from the agta-
LIONS ana distresses which scant work, That
iease; no margin for comfort, always beget.
But AFTER all this Is done 1t will be found that cur
naiKets are open TO friendly commercial ex-
GnangsS u enormous value to other great powers.
from me Time OF my induction into office, the
Iuty o! using every power and influence given
ny law 10 the Executive Department for the de-
Velopinent OF larger markets for our products
espeCiaiy our fatm products, has been Kept con.
stantiy IL mind, and no effort has been or will be
S s,p.s 10 promote that end. We are under no
AM age III any foreign market, except that
VIC Fay ouf Woiklngmen and wOTkwOmen better
wages IMAM are paid elsewhere-b abstra city,
peter relatively TO The cost OF the necessares OF
NE DO not doubt that very Lar ely increa sed
foreign Trade Is accessible to us without bar ter
my LOT either our home market or for such
proaucts OF The farm and shop as our own people
Eau supply lof Inc wages OF our working people.
In MANY OF the products OF wood and Iron and Ia
meats and D:cadstutfs we have advantages that
only need better facilities Of intercourse and
transportation TO secure for them large foreign
markets.
RECIPROCITY CLAUSE.
line reciprocity clause of the TaiiT Act wisely
ana III effect OPP lis ihe way TO secure large re-
clprOcal tIaGe In exchange for The free admission
10 our ports VI certain products The right of an
inoeiendeut nation TO make special reciprocal
uads concessions Is well established and does
not impair either the comfy due t0,oIher powers
or what Is known as the favored nation clause"
SO So GENERALLY found in commercial treaties
What Is gwen TO one for an adequate agreed
consideration cannot be claimed by another
fieely. lie State OF the revenue was such that
we eouia disi ense with any Import duties uron
Gomez, Yea, hides and the lower grades of sugar
ana inalasses. That the large advantage result
me 10 lie countries producing and exporting
tnese articles by placing item on the free list en-
tliied us TO expect Il iair return in any way of
customs concessions upon articles exported by
us 10 Them was SO obvious that TO have gratutl-
lousy abandoned this opportunity TO enlarge
our trade would have been an objectionable
error. There were but two methods of main
tanning control of this question open To Congress
10 place all OF these articles upon The dutiatle
ilst, sub]ect 10 such treaty agreements rs could
pe secured. OF place them AL presently upon the
nee iist but subject TO Tire relmpositon OF speci-
neu dulles ON those products OF The countries
from which we received them, should they refuse
10 give US suitable reciprocal benefits
OF VAST BENEFIT.
Inns latter method possesses great advantages.
III expresses IN advance the consent of Congress
10 reciprocity arrangements affecting these prod
ucts, which must otherwise have been delayed
ana uuascer tained until each treaty was ratified
by the Senate and the necessary Ierisiatlou
hpc shnt AZ,
That some treaties looking 10 reciprocal trade
have tailed 10 secure a tWo-thlrdS vote In the
Senate Tor the ratification, and Others having
passed that stage have for Years awaited the
concurrence OF tile House and Senate IN such
modincati0h oil our revenue law AS were neces-
SaIv 10 give effect to their provisions. We now
have The concurrence OF both Ii ouses In advance
In u distinct and definite offer OF free entry TO
our ports OF Specific articles. Tile Executive is
not required 10 deal III conjecture as 10 VIII at
Congress Will accept. Indeed, this reciprocity
provision Is more than an offer. Our part of the
bargain IS complete. Delivery has been made,
ana when countries from which We r. ceiye sugar,
coffee, lea and hides have placed GU their free
lists such OF our products as shall be agreed
upon, as an equivalent for our concessions a
proclamation OF that fact completes the transac-
lion, aud IN tile meantime our people have Tree
cofee. tea and hides. The indications thus far
given are very hopeful OF early and favorable
aciion by lie counties from which we receive
our large imports VI coffee and sugar, and IL Is
confidently believed that ii steam clmmunica.
lion With these countries can be promptly inl-
proved and ena ged next year VIII show a most
ing increase IN our exports of bfeadsIufs
auu provisions, as well as OF some important lines
Oh manufactured goods.
MEASURES BEFORE CONGRESS-.
In addition 10 the bills that became laws BE-
fore adjournment of The last session, some other
bills oI the highest Importance were we'll ad-
Vanced toward final vote, aud now stand upon
the calendars OF the Two houses IN favored posi-
lions The present session has fixed limit, and
IL these me assures are not now brought TO final
vote all Iie Work That has been done upon them
by ihIs Congress Is LOST. The proper cOnsdera-
lion OF these acts, OF an Apportoninent Bill and
VI me annual appropriation bills will require
that 10 working day OF the session shall be
allowed 10 Interrupt Or ieard The progress OF
those mat are OF universal Interest. In view OF
these conditions 1 refrain from bringing before
you at this time some suggestions that would
otherwise be made, aDd most earnestly invoke
your attention 10 the duty OF perieciIDe the I'M
gOItant legislation now well advanced. To some
OF these measures which seem TO me of Tie most
Importance now briefly call your attention.
INCREASED STEAMSHIP FACILITIES.
desire 10 repeat with added urgency the
recommendation contained IN my last annual
message IN relation 10 development OF American
steamship lines. The reciprocity clause OF the
Iarlf BIZ Will be largely limited aud its benefit,
retarded aud diminished, II provision Is not con
lcmpoi aneously made TO encourage The esiab-
lishment Of nrsi-ciass steam Communication be-
tween our ports and tie ports of such nations AS
may meet our oveftuIes Tor enlarged CONNIE cial
exchanges. The steamship carrying the mails
steadily aud frequently and Offering 10 passen-
gers comfortable, safe and ;speedy transit Is
tile order OF the buyer, but not all That Is
ordered or bought. IL gives TO lie sailing
vessels such cargoes as are not urgent or
Iershable, and, indirectly at least, promotes
That Important adjunct OF commerce. There
is Eow both In this country aud IN the nations
Of Central and South America expectation
ana confidence as 10 the Increased trade
That VIII give double value 10 your prompt action
upon this matter. The present silua.i lou Of our
mail communication with Australia illustrates
the Importance of early action by Congress.
AUSTRALIAN MAILS.
The Oceanic Steamship Company maintains a
Hue OF learners between san Francisco. SYDNEY
aud Auckland consisting of three vessels. two
which aye OF United States registry aud one of
foreign registry. For lie service done by this
line III carrying tile mails we pay Annually tile
sum OF S46,ooo. being estimated The full Sea aud
United states inland postage. which is the limit
liked by law. The colonies OF New South Wales
aud New Zealand have been paying annually to
sydney aud Auckland to San Francisco. Tie
contract uudrr which this payment has been
made Is now about 10 expire, and those colonies
have refused TO renew the contract unless the
United States shall pay more equitable propor-
lion Of The sum necessary 10 hold the service.
am advised by the Postma ster-G General that the
United STATES received for carrying The Austria
liau mails brought TO San Francisco in these
steamers by rail- 10 Vancouver an estimated an-
nual Income OF $4,000, Will, as have stated,
we are paying out Tor the support of The steam
ship line that brings this mail to The United
States only $4,000, leaving an annual surplus
resulting from this service OF $4,000.
IMPORTANT TRADE RELATIONS.
The trade of the United States with Australia,
which Is In considerable part carried by these
steamers. and tile whole OF which Is practically
dependent upon the mail communication which
they maintain is largely In our favor. Our Total
exports OF merchandise To Australian ports dur
ing the fiscal year ending June 80. 1890, were
Sll, 26G, 4S4. while the total imports of
merchandise from these ports were only S4277,-
GIG IL we are not willing to see this important
steamship line Withdrawn, or continued with
Vancouver substituted for San Francisco AS The
American terminal Congress should put 1t In
lie power OF the Postmaster q eneral TO make a
liberal increase IN The amount now paid for tho
transportation of this important mail.
NEW ROUTES NECESSARY.
The South Atlantic aud Gulf ports occupy
very favored position toward the new and I'M
pottani commerce which the reciprocity clause
of the Tarlff Act and The Postal Shipping Bill
are designed TO promote. Steamship lines from
these ports To some northern port OF South
America Will almost certainly effect a connec-
ton between the abroad systems OF the conti-
Dent long before any continuous line OF railroad
eau b. put In operation. The very large appio-
priati0n made at the last session for the barDor
VI Galveston was justified. as 1t seemed to be-
by those considerations. The great Northwest
will feel the advantage OF i TRUNK line to the
South as well as To the East, aud of tie new