The morning call., 1890-09-07

keep 1t from falling into the hands OF the Eu
gsh, whose privateers constantly nai
rassed the Spanish merchantmen. Ot tnls
expedition the only results were tie discovery
OF Monterey and the calling into San Miguei, u
which ViScain0 gave The name II now oeaIs p
San Diego. During The remainder of the century
score OF efforts were made to explore the coun,
try, but all fell short of the desired end Inc
Jesuit Fathers who had always accompanied lne
vessels in the capacity of chaplans, Drought
back, indeed, sOme knowledge OF the natives
among whom they made occasional conversions
but, owing TO the hostility, treachery ana iuuo
lence of the majority OF the abOrigines. no per
manent settlement had ever been effected ainops
them.
The serious inroads upon the treasury and Tue
barrenneSs OF result at length told upon tDe U1 G
ernment which, judging the project lnpra et.n
able, not only abandoned its own efforts Dut e r6a
forbade private enterprise in this direction / NC
missionaries, however. after years OF pieauinSi,
gained mission in 1897 10 return 10 tneii
converts, but to raise the necessary means lucy
were Obliged 10 solicit aims among the peopie,
and In this way what afterward became Known
In history as the "Pious Fund" was establisheo'
Where, for two centuries tile Government laieu,
the church at length succeeded. A l0dglnent was
made upon the inhOspiiable shores of LoWei
California in October OF that year, and So SUI
ce>sfu were the fathers In lmpressing Inc ~.
dams with their peaceful Intentions that they
rapidly gained neophytes. and IN four years
made such thorough exploration OF the laiu 90
10 establish the fact that 1t was part oil Brede
continent. The missions remained In charge Oh ipo
Jesuits until their expulsion from old ana new
spain IN 1867. when the Franciscan fflars ubuei
The presidency OF Father Juulper0 Sierra SUI
ceeded them.
THE MISSIONS ESTABLISHED.
Shortly after this event, Father Junipero, at
the solicitation Of the Government, whose alarm
had increased at the encroachments Of English
ana Russian adventures, promised TO assist Ill
the establishment OF three gariisons in Upper
Calfornia-aL San Diego, Monterey and some
other middle polnt with the idea of later on eX-
lending the line OF garris0uS further north IN
conjunction with Governor Gaspar de PortaIa OF
Lower California and the Niceroy, Don
Jose de GdlVdZ, eNueuitlOQ was or
ganiZed 10 proceed 10 San Diego, when
after many hardships was reached in July,
11G9. Work was at once begun on the Mission
buildings, which were dedicated on July l6ti
Two days previous to this ceremony Poflala
set out for Monterey. but. taking the wrons
course, he missed his objective point and blum
dered on to San Francisco Bay. of which lie was
the undonbted dlscoyerer. Following the settle
ment of San Diego. the fathers pushed on heir
WORK with such zeal That before the century ciOseu
eighteen missions had been erected, namely:
Mission san Diego, erected in,.........,.....lLo S
Mission FL Carmeio, Monterey
Mission San Gabriel. Los Angeles ..............l1li
Mission San Luis ODiSpo.. llIl
Mission San Antonio, Monterey County ..,....llli
Mission Dolores San Francisco
Mission san Juan Caplstrano, Los Angeles Co. ~
Mission santa Cara. go
Mission san Bueuayeutura Ventura County. %
Mission Santa Barbara. 90
Mission La furissima Conception, Santa Bar
Mission La Soiidad, Monterey County l7al
Mission Santa Cruz Monterey County. ~
Mission san Jose, Monterey County 4 az
Mission San Mi -ue San Luis obispo County ll9I
Mission San Fernando Los Angeles County. 1877
Mission san Luis Rey san Diego County ..... 1898
Mission San Juan BauiSta, San Benito County i 1879
Three others were erected later. VIZ santa
Ynez Santa Barbara County, in 1904; san TIA
fatl Marin County in 1917, ana San francisco
Solano, SonOma County, In 1S23-twenty-one IN
all around Which the fathers exercised tner civ
liking influence over so, 900 Indians at the time
OF their attempted manGmsSiOu.
In 1928 Mexico threw OH the Spanish yoke
aud became an independent republic with
national Congress III which Upper and Lower
California allowed A.
territory. In 1885 the efforts Of Santa Anna 10
centralize Inc Government caused interna! dis
orders which led. among other events. 10 the
proclamation OF California's Independence,
year later, at Monterey. The late General Va
llejo was leader In the movement, which was
shurt-Yed, as III S3S the people accepted the
new Mexican constitution aud resumed their
allegiance.
CUTTING UP THE COUNTRY.
About this period the country began 10 be
opened up more thoroughly by The granting OF
lands to The soldiers OF The garIisons VINO. when
their term OF service expired, desired to devote
themselves To the peaceful ayOcations of agfl.
culture aud cattle raising. Ihcre were then but
few foreigners in the country outside of the
Russians. who had effected settlements around
BOdega as early us 1872. and these were looked
upon with such distrust that the settlers
were forced to forfiry themselves against
attack. hey eventually disposed of their
possessions To Captain Suffer III 1871 and with
Grew from the nclghb0rb0Od. But This aid not
keep away adventures, for during the years
from 1S43 to 1916 the tlde of Immigration
were included, but by far the largest proportion |
was American. These traversed the country In |
all directions; but feeling ran high against |
the inlruders that Tor no apparent cause they |
frequently suffered Imprisonment, and death |
often resulted from their treatment
The year 1912 was made memorable by the |
action OF Commodore Jones. who, understand. |
ing that war had been declared against Mexico |
by the unncd States, sailed into Monterey, |
seized the town, and ON October 9th holsted |
The American cOlors. Discovering his mistake |
however, 4 day or two Later. he made ample !
amends for his action and sailed away. Three
and a half years aftefward war was actually,
declared. and the Americans under Zachary
Taylor and Winfield Scott marched 10 the vie.
tories which gave them California. TO General
duty OF suplugaing The country, Tut upon feacii
ius the coast lie found his task already douo by
their compatrots. TIE naval forces under Com
mudore Sloat entered Monterey on July 7, 1886. |
aud, after hosting the American flag, procla- |
nation was made by that officer declaring that |
be took possession of the country for his Gov
eminent But Il was DOt until February. 1S4S, |
that an arInisiiee was agreed TO, hostilities |
ceased, Mexico esded California TO ber Conquer
Crs. ana peace was restored.
Following close upon The acquisition OF this |
large ieuitciy events were so rapidly crowded |
'--a2. n ace fOrlSaN- nor than passing mention.
Gold Rat discoveries 3t SullersNiu In 1913 and |
acted as magnet IN drawing upon an pare ~ |
tine world for additions toits population. In 1S49
n constitution was adopted tn Monterey, and in
December of that year the f1rst Legislature met
at san Jose. Laws were there duly enacted.
stable government formed and SO well were the
affairs Of the territory managed thai California
was admitted into fun statehood on
September o, 1850. SUBSEQUENT events
are still fresh IN The minds OF thousands Of the
present day; agricultural pursuits began TO
thrive and hurried the development OF lie iu'
terror; san Francisco, from a struggling village,
assumed the proportions and importance OF
growing city; trade and commerce sprang into
existence. and the seeds OF prosperity grew and
DEVELOPED with such vigor that the world to-day
looks in amszemeni al The wealth and solidity OF
the young state.