davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27
A POSTAGE STAMP JUBILEE.
FIFTY YEARS AZ TIE POSTAGE STAMP
WAS BORN

American Postage stamp Collectors win
Have y Convention Here In AuEust-Sono
Collectors and Their Collections.
This is the jubilee year Of the postage stamp.
The 0ttieth anniversary OF it's introduction in
TO the world of business and romance was cell
ebrated early in May last In England. The
Duke Of Edinburgh presided over the ceremo-
MES and festivities and hundreds OF stamp
collectors were present There was good
time, lots Of information was disseminated.
and all the delegates returned to their homes
moro than ever in love with the hostage stamp
and it's sticking qualities in their albums.
America in reality has no right to enter
prominently into the jubilee celebration, for
We we're seven years behind England In adopt
ing the prepaid postage label. Brazil, that
country In the southern continent that 10 gen.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27
LEBANON AND HER HEROES.
THEIR MEMORY AND THEIR HOMES
UNCdRED FOR AND UNHONORED.

Connecticut Too rcnurIous 90 Consider
tho Trumbuil Tomb or Build Monu-
meats to Her Patriots OF the Revolution.
LEBANON, Conn. July 2G.-This ancient town
worships at the shrine Of penuriousness. 1t is
rsplete with Revolutionary relics. bat Ia too
mean to take care OF them. The little old war
ONCE. whore Gov. Jonathan Trumbull and his
Council OF Safety held scores Of secret sessions
during those times OF trial from which tho
military and naval forces were directed, has
fallen into unaprreciatve hands. and Is now
occupied rs a tenement house while the IA
nous Trumbull tomb, whero probably lie the
ashes OF moro OF the illustrious dead than in
any other in tho State is neg ected and fast
erumbling away.
Several years ago a movement was started
BY one or two Of Lebanon's patriotic sons
looking towarl the purchase by the town Of
the little old war Office to be kept as a curl
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

natlenllS EdlHoTeu Up
from old en-, elOpss, AMI
by dint OF swapping
marbles and tors and
other yuluabIes for cam
cellsd stamps from
abroad. II numbered
upward Of 300 when he
abandoned II 10 gather
up quartz crystals aud
iron pyrItss and fell
spar. and II had cost 4
deal OF time and mar
blss. Nowadays the
amateur can begin "A
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

moro When the cigarette dealers were offer
ing stamps as prizes In every package, we
almost 2O.000000 cancelled pc .taRe stamps.
We aim to keep at least 6,0OOcOO stamps on
hand all the time"
Stamp collecting was begun ten years after
the first stamp was issued Prices are reGu
lated by the supply, the demand being always,
up to the present constant. For instance. un-
I'll a recent period the stamps OF the State Of
Scinde. India. were quoted at $500 each. Then
and increased the supply from three to fifteen.
so that now they are worth only $50 each.
In one respect our country has eXcelled all
others at lenst. We have sent letters under
moro stamps at one time than almost oil other
conntriee put together. Less than, fifty va.
Britain. while the United States has had
nearly $50 varieties In use during q single year.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

OI huuIHUU III luIb CIKy
in September. 1886.
Originally there were
forty members and
now there are over 700.
Meetings have been
held in Chicago, Bos-
ton. and st. Louis.
Among the present off,
GERS are John K. Tif-
fonu afSN o,fe praa
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27
LESS THAN HALF THE REGULAR SIZE

LESS THAN HALF THE REGULAR SIZE
EEn,huscI,Iids ia q Sreat coIIsctor AMI withnut
doubt there are more good sen .ible oconomi-
cal collect ons in Germany than in any other
country. The hest collection Of stamps In
Germany IL in the Post Office at Berlin.
The writer ran remember his own collection
OF no matter now many years ago. It was
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

1dent. wizard y. van
Derlip Of Boston. Vice. President Willard F.
Walton OF Philadelphia. Secretary: Charles
Gregory Of New York. Treasurer. and Joseph
Richert OF Hoboken Secretary. The convention
does not propose to discuss much more than
routine business. including the amendment
OF the constitution and bylaws.
1t is generally understood, OF course. that
the collecting OF stamps is hobby and yet 1t
has It's rational side 1t is said that men who
get interested In postage stamps drift natu-
rally into the study OF ancient history, and be-
come pronounced antilunrians. Professional
men. as a rule. make W the army OF collectors.
They pursue the study in of hours. finding In
1t a pleasant relief and an incentive to study
the history OF nations and their develop
ment. Inasmuch as the issue OF postage
STAMPS is itself only fifty years old It might be
supposed that collections should be readily
complc ted up to date. and that there the craze
should end, 1t hanpens. however, that no,
only do all nations modify the design. OF
their stamps from year to year. thus
giving constant incentive to collectors.
N,A a l.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

We have now 6.O0O. 600
stamps on hand" and
to prove It he opened a
big bin. whore appar-
emily that number OF
STAMPS were lying.
and he continued.
lat least the whole OF
that number will be sold
before the end OF the
first week in October.
Meantime we shall COL
leCt many millions
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

Searching PawnGhopH for Stolen Diamonds
inspector Byrness detectives were busy yes
terday looking In pawnshops for Mrs. George
Blisss diamonds. which were stolen a week
ago last Thursday IRON Bliss cottage. Sara
toga
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

season Is passed in ph!latelic contemplation Of
the winters fruits and the con sideration OF the
efficacy OF different kinds OF governmental
mucilage. On Oot the selling season begins.
At least. so says the manager for stamp house
in Twenty-third street
We do nothing whatever in the summer"
he said. except to collect for tho fail trade.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27
FLESH WORM PASTE


Skin Re1ner and PimpIe Remover.
VIII refine 4 COARSE, ROUGH. POROUS SKIN A
positive cure for PIMPLES and ERuPTIoNS Remove.
that disaGreeable REDNESs with which SO many a.e
afflicted
FLESH WORM PASTE. PER JAR...............aI.6 go
AMI complete line OF highclats toilet requisites for
sale at
SARATOGA-s Grand Union Hotel
NEWPORT. X. I.-FrAnk /. Powell. corner
Thames and Pelham SIS
MANHATTAN BEACH-Pye's Pharmacy
LONG BRANCH-J. Vert 4 Co. next door to
Post Once.
ASBURH PARK-Kinmouth Co. 724 Cook
man
ATLANTIC CITY-C. =. soudor Druggist
RICHFIELD SPRINGS-BushsD Drug stor.
BRIGHTON BEACH-DouglAss's Pharmacy
BATH BEACH,. 2. Morrissey. Jr
PARIS. FRANCE-Roberts Co, 5 Rue do Ia
PAix.
LONDON. ENG.-Ro5erts 4 Co, 10 New Bond St
And OF all leading Retailers and Wholesale Deaers
everywhere, or Of sole manufacturers,
LONDON TOILET BAZAR CO..
81 AND 40 WEST 22D ST
WHOLESALE DEPT. 20 EAST nth ST
HoTE-Ask any of these dealers or send 10 us for our
new catalogue and treatise on the complexion.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

WORTH SJUu
/ $4,000 has been Of
! ferrary would not soil
his particular specimen
any value. There are
r, on sale in this city
10 as $500 or $1,000
the very first stamp
! only three cents.
because 30 many
years ago that genuine
ainahle. A picture OF
8 this article. 1t was
~. and the first pasted
ars later. 1t happens
ne profile OF the young
with strenuous opposl-
BritcnS thought it a
out the lace OF their
an linked tvpe pad in
ate OF the Govern ent.
bravely over that idea
heir Queen across the
q dav now without n
md bless God that she
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

: IL ID Shlu IUht us COl-
lection Is worth some
where between $3nO.-
600 and 100000. This
extraordinary collec-
ton represents twenty
five years OF work. and
even to-day Ferrary
employs two secretar-
les whose duty 1t ia to
look after his Rccumu-
lation and answer let
tiers from dealers all
over the world who
wish to sell him speci-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

out tQHt III bOlue Couu-
tries there are issues OF
which only II limited
number remain. 1t Is
the d esire Of every
wealthy collector 10 be
the possessor OF an eX-
ample .of these rare
issues. So long. there
fore. as a stamp exists
that may be bought
every philatelist is on
the qui ,ive to obtain
It at any price within
mis- means. The value
o. rare issues is aston
fishing. 1t Is said that
Philippe Le Renot@re
de Ferrary OF Paris
owns a stamp for which
fel ed and refused. But
It at any price, and 80 Ii
cannot he quoted at O
many stamps. howeveS
nj such modest sun
each. Oddly enough. I
ever issued is worth
Tkat. OF course. Is
OF item were used fifty
originals are easily obtj
this stamp accompanies
really An envelope STAN
lat ell came several yea
that the label bearing tn
Queen II England mot
ton because the loyal
kind OF sacrilege to blot
Queen by the action OF
the hands o; a subordinf
The British people got !
years ago. They slap Il
face thousands OF times
thought OF disrespect. a
lives TO reign over them.
To return to Ferrary. ,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

WORTH 80! mems There Is nobody
In America who can hope to vie with Ferrary
In the extent and value OF his collection; but
Mr.. Van berlin Of Boston has collection that
Is said to BIZ worth S4O0U0.
There appear to be no collectors In this city
whose names are especially famous. A great
many LAWYERS and doctors devote spare mo:
each stamp 1t may be said that q volume Of
history comes to be read. for every genuine
philntelist Is not content 10 know simply that
his most recent acquisition bears the profile OF
q king or President; he wants to know how
1t CAM that the former design was abnndoned.
hanpens. tbereIore ,bat stamn coeetors are re-
pretty rood authorities in history.
Germans are said b. be- the lost assiduous
collectors. German boys collect stamps in
their teens and some OF them continue the
pursuit OF philatelic knowledge and research
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-07-27

TIE FIRST POSTAGE sfANr,
PROPER
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
THE POLICE COURTS.
A Number OF sunday Offenders Brought
In for Trial.

A Number Of Sunday Offenders Brought
In for Trial.
Justice Miller had several offenders b.
fore him yesterday for breaking the peace
between Saturday night and Monday
morning. and disposed of quite batch OF
malefactors. including q few every day
"hobos" and number of ordinary drunk
ards, to all of whom justice was melted out
in various degrees OF severity.
John Regain, q North Seattle tough. was
fined $Io for using indecent language
Regain entered hall At the corner Of
Depot street aud Broadway on Saturday
night and created disturbance by insulting
the dancers He was arrested Sunday on
complaint OF A. NJ. Pincsney.
Uncle Joe" Horieck pawn broker. was
fined the sum OF SIC, for striking a colored
man in his shop on Saturday night.
Bob White vas lined so for his assault
upon Louis Alberta. in the Glib saloon on
Friday night and today will he brought up
on the charge OF assaalfing ex- Deputy
Sheriff Brooks the same evening. Alberta,
who was brought back from Tacoma. hay-
ing gone there 10 avoid prosecuting White.
was placed in the city jail. for jumping his
recognszsnce to appear when Whites case
was called on SATURDAY..
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
End or . Long Lawsuit.

Pesth Dispatch to the London Standard.
An extraordinary lawsuit, which COM
menced on the 18th Of September. 176S. has
Just been concluded, after having lasted III
years. In the year 14l9 Bishop Dcmendy.
of Neutra, in Northern Hungary. died.
leaving his immense estates to his family.
Owing. however, to the Turkish invasiono
Hungary at that time, the bishops rela-
tivcs were unable to take possession Of the
property. After the invasion il was found
that the number of persons who had .
right TO share in the property was upward
Of 1000.
AS they were unable to agree among
themselves IS to the division Of the estates.
an appeal was made to the Law. The courts
OF justice were so afraid of doing injustice
by precipitate action that all the original
heirs. and even the next two generations.
had passed away before . decision was ar
rived at. Meantime. the expenses of the
law and administration had to be paid. and
while these have well high swallowed up
the once vast fortune, the heirs have in
creased in number 10 more than 1900
Now that the Judgment Of the court has
been delivered, the bishops descendants
find that property that should have now
been worth probably quarter Of million
has melted down to something over fs 900.
out of which they have still to pay . law
yer's bill Of fl.O00 This will leave tn
fortunate heirs at least sovereign apiece
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
BREvtrIEs.

Deputy Sheriff Mcdonald went to Steisas
ccom yesterday having in charge Elizabeth
Logan, OF Renton. whe was adjudged
insane by Probate Judge Osborn.
The work train is engaged ON the Seattle.
Lake Shore 4 Eastern railway at Fall City,
repairing the damage done hy late wash
outs caused by The late heavy rains. Add.
tional wsshcuts were reported yesterday.
The ladies Of The North Seattle Catholic
church will give fancy fair and social at
ChsSho,na's hall. on Front street, between
Columbia and Marion. on Tuesday aud
"Wednesday evenings. February II and II.
Edward Reed. Who was badly injured hy
a train on the Columbia & Puget sound
railroad Sunday morning. snd had his
right leg anpasssea. a; Providence ho<ps.
tai. rested well yesterday. and il Is thought
he Will recover
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
THE WIRES DOWN.
Sad Havoc Played by the Storms Yea
tert1ay.

Sad Havoc Played by the Storms Yea
terday.
Yesterdays storm played sad havoc
with the lines OF the Western Union, Puget
Sound and Pacific Postal Telegraph conn
panies. The Western Union wires
were down at Jefferson, between
Salem and Albany. on the Oregon and
California railroad ct IL O'Clock, shutting
Seattle out from the South and East. Tho
Seattle Office worked with Portland all day.
The wire had not been gotten up at l
o'clock this morning and there was then
no immediate prospect of getting it
opened.
The Pacific Postal line went down south
OF Portland at the same time, and ct
O'Clock this morning the situation was
about the same as with the Western Union
This company had communication with
the East all day over the Canadian Pacific
wire. which it controls. The Puget Sound
Telegraph Company's wire broke between
here and Port Townsend yesterday morn
ing.
This year has been q light one for
breaks" in the vernacular of the teie-
graph operator. when compared with past
wears. This is singular. in view Of the fact
this winter Is much more severe than has
been experienced in the Northwest in many
years.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
PERSONAL.

Dr. r. 4. Smith Is At Olympia
Hon. A. w. Bash. Of Port Townsend, Il
in the city.
Captain Richard Bradley returned Sum
day from Tacoma.
Judge G. II. Hanford leaves Tor Whatcom
today. on legal business.
Mr.. J. III. Miller. OF the New York Ssa.
Is sojourning at the Rainier.
Mr.. w. r. Mackenzie. travelling auditor
Of the .. X. Il N. Co.. is in the city.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Painter have taken
permanent quarters 1t the Rainier.
Mr.. J. G. Craig and Miss Mae Wilson, Of
Newcastle. were in the city yesterday.
Colonel j. c. Haines left here yesterday
morning for Spokane, TO be absent few
days
Mr.. s. III. CIaughton. ex-sheriff Of Lewis
county. is confined to his room in this city
with Ia grippe.
Mr. Maurice McMicken returned last
night from Olympia, where he had been
visiting his brother, Mr.. Herbert Nc
Micken.
Mr.. James Hamilton Lewis and Mr.. J.
T. Ronald left for Whatcom last evening
to attend court. They will return some
time this week.
Mr.. J. G. Smart, formerly purser on the
steamer Washington, Is now commissary
for the Puget sound and Alaska Steam
ship Company.
Mr.. George Morrison, m old resident Of
Park City. Utah. Is visiting his nephew,
Mr.. X. G. Morrison, Of this city. Mr. Nor
rison Is looking over the entire Sound
country. and possibly may make some
investments.
Mr.. J. X. Maloney and P. j. Rooney. of
this city, will leave here shortly for Val
pariso, Chill. whore they viii pc rmancntly
reside. Mr.. Rooney b rs como to San Fran
cisco. and Mr.. Maloney will probably
leave here Friday TO join hts fellow-trav-
eler.
Mr.. Harry B. Hunt, late Of The Dalles. Or.
who has been employed as clerk in the
freight department Of the Seattle, Lake
Shore 4 Eastern railway for . few weeks
past. has resigned his position 70 accept an
other - bookkeepsr for Moran Bros. 4
DuYio.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
rnE wArER rEoxr.

The tug Phantom Is Ut Ship Hasbor.
The bark Fifeshire will be towed to Ia
coma TO-DAY.
The steamer Lakme Is due here today
from Portland.
The bark Aureola will not be ready for
sea for several days yet.
The City Of Puebla has gone to Tacomato
discharge her freight for that point
The tugs Hays and Msscotte were
moored In the Yeslcr basin all day yester-
day.
The steamer Michigan is en- route here
from Portland. She is expected to arrive
Thursday.
The ship Ivanhoe Is still At Harrington&
Smiths wharf. She will move from there
today.
The tug Virginia will not be taken off
the beach at smiths cove again for several
days.
The bark Seminole. which Is loading coal
at the bunkers for San Francisco, will be
ready for sea within q few days.
The steam collier Willamette finished
taking coal yesterday and left for Portland
last evening. She took away :, 100 tons.
The steamer State OF Washington left
here Sunday evening for whatcom with
eighty tons Of freight and afuli list OF pass
engers.
The steam schooner Signal. Captain
Bendeeard. sailing in the Union Pacific
Steamer line. Is scheduled 10 leave Portland
for the Sound tomorrow.
Yesterday was one of the toughest days
OF the season in the harhor. The wind was
from the southwest and great whitecaps
were visible upon the huge waves that we're
beaten into fury by ii.
The steamer Hsytien Republic finished
iischareing yesterday and left for Mana.
imo. where she viii load = cargo of coal
for san Francisco. What day she will
leave here Tor San Francisco has not been
determined
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
Two FUGITIvEs RETURNED.
The Find RI Onacer Rogers 1t raeon,
Yesterday.

Minnie White Panlson and Louis Al
berta were arrested 1T Tacoma en- Sunday
by Lieutenant Peer and Ofiicer Rogers
and brought back here yesterday. Both
were fugitives from justice. the former be-
ing wanted on . vagrancy charge, brought
against her about two weeks ago. Lieu
tenant Peer was at that time raidfng the
Whitechapel houses and the Paulson
woman eiuded him. He cndeavored to
find her. but she had gone to Tacoma
She was arrested there by Officer Rog-
ers. who ran across her by chance
and brought her back with him.
The officer had gone over there with .
warrant for the arrest of John p. Brand.
the former Times employee, and found the
woman instead. Louis Alberta is the
prosecuting witness in Bob Whites latest
outbreak. He is the man whom the no
torious tough thrashed SO numerically
last Friday night in the Club theater. Al
herta wished to avoid appearing against
White. and went to Tacoma for that pur-
pose, - he undoubtedly stands in fear of the
latter. and would rather do great many
things than rouse his animosity.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
BEAUTIFUL HOMES FOR A LITTLE
MONEY.
Any Man That Can Pay 16.35 Per week
Can Secure One.

Any Man That Can Pay 16.35 Per week
Can Secure One.
The Moorland Company has inauguraied
a measure that promises more good to the
citizens Of our city than any other scheme
that has ever been proposed 70 the people
of Seattle 1t Is known as the Mooriand
House Club, and Is organized on the same
principle that hare made similar orgAnixa-
tons successful in the East. It's member
ship II limited to 20, and each of the mem
bers will secure beautiful six-room house.
built upon . lot 40xl00 feet, for the small
sum Of $3.50 per week or less, without in
terest or taxes so long as . dollar remains
unpaid. such glorious opportunity was
never before offered in the Northwest, and
il is matter OF regret that the gentlemen
conducting the enterprise have been COM
pelied 20 limit the membership of the club,
az there are large number OF people in
Seattle that will gladly seize the chance OF
owning their own homes. The books Of
the House Club are now open. Join today,
Apply TO Mooriand Company. corner Sec
ond and James streets.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
THE EARTH GAVE WAY
A Big Land Slide It West
Seattle.
THE NORTH ROAD DAMAGED.
Nsrrsw Escaps 81 FaaKies
Under The Hils-
THE NORTH ROAD DAMAGED.

The heavy rains Of the past few days
caused . landslide in West Seattle yester-
day morning It $50 O'Clock. About sew
enty feet Of the bulkheading Of the north
road. not being strong enough to stand
the pressure, gaye way. and with crash
many tons Of logs and earth slid 70 the
solid ground about forty feet below.
The inhabitants OF two shanties ct the
foot Of the slope had . narrow escape from
being crushed. Had the break been few
feet wider they would have bsen hurieo BE-
meath the debris beyond all possible hope OF
being rescued alive. They were greatly
frightened for time. but their fears soon
subsidized.
A large force OF men have been con-
stantly at work for months upon the road.
and coming at this time the break viii
prove an expensive one The road is not.
however. made impossible by the accident.
the main part of il undoubtedly being
perfectly safe from any breaks whatever.
but il is quite evident that the remaining
bulkheading needs considerable strength
ening from the solid ground up to its
present base
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
srar4Is. Wash. Feb. 3. isa

C. II. Kit,inger. ESQ. Secretary OF Cham
Der OF Commerce. Seattle. Wash. - Dsay Ssr
Noticing in the daily papers that You had
a communicasion from New York syndi-
cate. proposing 10 locate large paper and
pulp mill in Seattle. providing sufficient
subsidy could be raised in land donations.
We beg leave 10 state 10 you ard the hon.
orabie members ot the Chamber OF Conn.,
uerre thar we win donate site for the
mandatory Of water front lots ~ Latona.
and guarantee TO raise any subsidy that
msv ne required 20 bring this mandatory
20 our city. We remain yours very truly.
Lsroxa Towx CO.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-02-04
THE RUMoR INcoRRKcr.

President Mcdonald Says His Resigna-
tion Has Not Been Accepted.
President Nc Donald. Of the Seattle, Lake
Shore & Eastern railway, said yesterday
there was no truth in the rumor that his
resignation had been accepted, or that an
other had been selected as his successor.
He anticipated no immediate change as to
officials. and had been advised Of no pro-
posed changes by the New York manage
ment.
Speaking Of the recent movement Of the
Northern Pacific in surveying line to the
boundary, he said it was not 1t al probable
that the Seattle. Lake Shore & Eastern
would be absorbed by the former road; in-
deed there were good reasons for believing
that such a transfer would not b. made to
that company. The Northern Pacific
might build uorth, or it might have wish
to secure the Seattle. Lake Shore q East
ern. but there was more probability OF it,
taking in other lines north.