davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
The Story of How An Az is Made.


The largest az factory in the world
is in operation in Pittsburg and il. cap
able of turning out 5000 or more axes
a day. Tho following description Of
how an ak is made we condense from
the Pittsburg Times. .s5i q
Entering the ainworkshop the first
step in the operation which is seer is
the formation of the ax-head without
the blade.
Tire glowing fiat iron bars are with
drawn from the furnace and are taken
to powerful and somewhat. compli-
Gated machine, which performs upon
them four distinct operations-shapin
the metal to form the upper and lower
part of the ak, then the eye aud finally
doubling the. piece over so that the
whole can be welded together. A
workman stands by. seizing the partial
ly fashioned pieces one after another
with pair OF tongs and hammering
the lower edges together. Next the
iron is put in a powerful natural gas
furnace and heated to a white heat.
Taken out, it goes under tilt ham,
NOR and is welded together in second.
This done, one blow from the '.drop''
and the poll of the Ak is completed
and firmly welded Two crews Of men
are doing this class of work and each
crew can make 1,500 axes per day.
When tho ak leaves the drop there is
some superauous metal still adhering
to the edges and forming what is
technically known as ''fin." To get
rid of this fin the ak is. again heated in
furnace~and then taken in hand by a
sawyer, who trims the end and edges.
The operative has a glass in front of
Which fly y of by hundreds H as se tie Sna'he kot
metal is pressed against the rapidly re-
volviLg saw. The iron part of the ak
is now complete.
The steel for the blade, after. being
heated, is cut by machinery and shaped
with die. 1t is then ready for the
Welding department.. A groove is cut
in the edge of the iron, the steel for the
blade inserted, and the whole firmly
welded by machine hammers. Next
comes the operation of tempering. The
steel portion of the ak is heated by be.
ing inserted in pots of molten lead,
the blade only being immersed. It is
then cooled by dipping in water and
goes to the inspector. An AK is SUBJ
iected to rigid tests before it is pro-
nounced perfect. The steel must be of
the required temper, the weight of all
axes of the same size must be uniform,
all must be ground alike, and in vari-
Gus other ways conform to an estab-
lished standard. The inspector who
tests the quality Of the steel does SO by
edem bf geempeariasc mpar ttta hld#en d#enepdef nepde eftkiBg tbs
brittle or not. An ak that breaks dur
ing the test is thrown aside to be made
over.
Before the material of an ak is in the
proper shape it has been heated five
times, including the tempering pro-
cess, and the AK when finished has
passed through the hands Of about
forty workmcn, each of whom has
done something toward perfecting it.
After passing inspection the axes 60 to
the grinding department., and from
that to the polishcrs, who finish them
upon emery wheels.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
CIRCUIT COURT.
Hon. y. w. Nowlin, Judge of the seventh
Judicial. Court Prs.aifIinr -

Hon. j. W. ENowlin, Judge of the Seventh
Judicial. Court, Presiding.
w. T. Coad VI Lewis & Faulkner, il,,y
trial, verdict Tor plaintiff in the sum d
ES213.41.
The state VS. Elmer Wheeler and
Laura Bell McDuffy (colored), a charge
Of adultry, jury trial, verdict OF guilty
was found.
State vs. William Godkin, charged with
rape. Defendant plead guilty. Sen.
tence deferred.
porr Heffieman VS. county Verdict
for plaintiff in the sum OF $91 SO.
jerry Kennedy on charge OF perjury
plead not guilty.
j. w. Brigham VS. Black Hills Nation
al bank. Dismissed by plaintiff.
Mrs. Roach vs. Thomas Sweeney YER
dict for defendant.
Croyne ys Schuster, dismissed without
trial.
William Godkin was brought into
court Saturday and for the offence oi
rape, to which he plead guilty, was sen
fenced to hard labor for ten years, the
full penalty allowed
A. Moffatt and d. r. Conway, having
plead guilty to the charge OF grand lar:
ceny, were on Saturday each sentenced
for term OF one year.
John D. Moore VS. Sherman and Dis
bury Gray, Verdict fcr plaintiff in the
sum OF S2S4.75.
The case OF the state VS. Sweeney
Ryan Secoy and Leary, know as the
kidnapping case, was called Tuesday
morning and the forenoon consumed in
securing jury. The panel was ex-
hausted and special veneer was neces-
sary to secure the twelfth man, who was
found in the person OF d. G. Robinson.
Nearly the entire afternoon was oc-
cupied in the examina tion OF II. d.
Dibble.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
She Showed Him stars,

For every shooting star he claims kiss.
She, seeming coy, ut first demurred to this;
But he, at length a flying meteor spied.
And so, us evening grew apace, their eyes
And when darling star caught either's sight
sound of kissing broke upon the night.
And SO it came to pass anon that she
Nay, if by chance a Star escaped his view,
She called his wond'ri fancy to it, too,
When intervals seemed lCng between each
hug,
She called him on a passing lightning bug;
And, ever taxiug her Ingenious mind.
Her ready wit enabled her to find
More sheeting stars in three short feeting
hours
Than would compose whole meteoric show
erS.
But when she did her last pretext exhaust;
And was about to yield her cause as lost,
She saw switc1man's lantern circling swing
And got the youth down to u steady thing.
-Vassur Miscellany.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25


The tenderest-drum solos are those
that have never been played. .-NeW Or
leans Iicaya1se.
A mau must feel flat when he must
hang around fol- square meal.-.Nea0
Orleans Rcayune.
Talk about wanting the earth; some
men wouldn't be satisfied with an up
holstered comet.-Puck.
Because man lacks polish, by no
means does it follow that he isn't
bright. Detroit Free Press.
Many a woman becomes some mans
better half merely for change of
quarters.-lerra .Haute Express.
In evening dress n man should be-
lieve all he hears, to be consistent with
his swallow-tale coat. -NeaO Orleans
Ptcayune.
The family with 16-year-old boy
in the house has no use whatever for a
twenty-four volume encyclopaedia.
SomeTDille Journal.
A Cork Trust is about to be organ
lied. 1t will float all right until il
strikes the Corkscrew Trust. which
will pull ii. Sun Francisco Alta.
Everything has its use in this world.
Even the fly that persistently refuses
to be caught teaches the bald-headed
man patience. SonaerVitle Journal.
s.There's beautiful specimen o.
chasing" cried jeweller, as hs
watched u policeman's pursuit of {
window smasher. .lesgeltea''s Weeklg.,
If it be true that the farmers are no
i in a cord with the Twine Trust, it il
A netlikely that any of them viii b,
4 roped into II. Bs,agA gAaa,sto'a liepttbtica's
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
New York VS. the Black INNS.

/ VIII. Reed, Of the Cheyenne river, re-
turned Monday from an Eastern visit OF
several weeks. He reports times very
dull in western New York and much
complaint among farmers, the great
majority of whom did not meet ,expen-
ses the past year. There was much
snow on the ground when he left and it
was reported three feet deep at Albany
and other eastern portions OF the state.
This is not the first time that Will in re-
turning to the bleak northwest, has run
from winter into summer. Our weather
during the entire fall has been like q
New York summer, and yet but little
milder than the average for the past siz
years. We have no winter before Jan
uary. Mr.. Reed was hastened home BY
Indian troubles md left on the day 9
his arrival for his; ranch on tile Chcy
enrc tu look a, ter lis stock there,
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
nistrict alliance.

4 The annual Getting of the Black Fills
District alliance will be held at sturgis
on Saturday, January 3, at ten a. n.
Program will appear later. Local az
liances are entitled to one delegate for
every ten members or major portion
thereof. All alliance men are cordially
invited. u a. Z. ADAMS,
e. b. REED, President.
Secretary
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
--~Vo
Food,


Some one has said ignorance is not
bliss, it is the parent OF vice" In this
age when the stores Of learning and the
results OF the researches OF men OF
science are within the reach Of all, there is
no excuse for ignorance and it should be
our duty to seek healthful modes of liv-
ing.
One cause OF much disease and suffer-
ing is the neglect OF the careful study OF
food and it's PREPARATION as well as the
conditions under which it should be
taken. The learned Dr. Abcrnatliy says
OF the Americans and their preneness to
dyspepsia, "You yankees load your
stomach as q Devonshlre man does his
cart, as full asst can hold and as fast as
he can pitch it in with fork and drive
off. And then you complain that such
a load is too heavy foryou."
Food should be rightly chosen and
well cooked and must meet with proper
chemical and physical conditions in the
body thatit may be easily disgested
and absorbed. A variety Of food is nee
essary and is greatly conducive to
health. 1t should be taken at regular
periods, giving the digestive organs time
for rest. Lunches between meals lead
to much disease both in children and
grown people. When the individual is
very tired, overheated or under great
mental excitement, food should not be
taken.
The preparation Of meals is one OF
the highest duties OF the housewife
Good, substantial, wholesome food prop.
erly cooked, nicely served, with taste.
fully ranged table decorations, is one OF
the highest marks OF social and civilized
life. Dress the table neatly; have the
| food ready SO as not to be obliged tc
jump up; have the meals punctually
have just enough and nothing for mere
show; serve tht, different articles at {
.rlght temperature. Havd your foot
warm and stimulant in damp weather
bracing and substantial in cold weather
and cool and appetizing in hot weather
Have the meals at that hour whel
leisure can best be secured. Ayoit
4 violent exercise Immediately before O
. after meals, and lastly, but far iron
least, eat with thankful hearts tn
bounties God has given you" ~
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

Alderman Getchell, who has been con-
fined to his bed for the past six weeks, is
again behind the counter. He doesn't
look as if able to wrest!e with any very
hard work, having lost some seventeen
pounds since attacked by mountain
faver
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

Miss Rhoda and Charles Christierns-
son reached this city Saturday evening
on their return from the Spearfish Nor
NAL. They will enjoy the two weeks va,
cation with their parents at Rocker
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
Grand Jury.

The grand jury concluded its labors
on Wednesday Of last week. Out OF
some twenty cases presented thirteen
indictments were found No action was
taken in the railroad VS. conduit pipe
case.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
RAPIlD CITY So DHlNTEI, 81

-.
At the morning session, while the Dib.
bic case was underway District Attor
gney Brown:not titled the. court that tit had
been brought to his knowledge that two
ti the Jurors, Digger and Smith serving on
,E the. case had expressed an oponion.
Messrs. R. d. Kennedy and Il s. H
Matthews were produced and sworn as
witnesses to the fact. Judge Nowlin
dismissed the court until two p. m. for
consideration Of the after. AT the after
noon session the judge reported that
tbecase would be allowed to proceed
with the present jury.
Work has been suspended on the gas
sinairs until after the halidavs s35s5
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

|. "a party was in from lower Spring
creek Tuesday, offering for sale relics Of
the first Indian slain in the war e? Of
1890. Buttons, moccasins and the scalp
lock Of the indian slain by Cole were
offered, but held at fancy figures.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
Cp1AvyN 4 ~
oClyAA

have been once issued, but it was re-
voked at the solicitation Of the Pine
Ridge people, that a. final effort might be
made to induce the hostiles to come in.
This was about the middle oflast week.
A sufficient number OF friendly Indians
could not be found who would undertake
the task. It is now reported that no
move will be made before the last OF the
week. This is no doubt made necessary
by the death OF Sitting Bull and the
scattering of his followers which will
engage the attention OF the northern
troops.
An engagement was had between the
remnants ofsitting Bulls band which
had Joined Big Foots band near the
mouth of Cherry creek, and the troops
under Col. Sumner. A gatling was used
with telling effect. Cherry creek empties
into the Big Cheyenne from the north
and is about twenty miles from the
mouth OF the Belle Fouohe. The Infantry
which arrived night before last, brought
a seven barrel Hotchiss gun which will
be drawn by four horses.
MONDAY.
It is reported that q company OF
friendly Indians, numbering about 125
started for the hostile camp yesterday.
This will no doubt be the last effort
made to coax in the hostiles. Last
evenings dispatches state thatsome LIE
Indians, which includes q portion o
Sittlug Bulls band, surrendered tx
Captain Hurst Sunday near the mouth
OF Cherry creek. They will be sent te
Fort Bennett. Bids are being received
for transportion OF supplies from Rapit
City to the troops along the Cheyenne
Two Indians were arrested Sunday
evening. They were travelling in buggy
and were well supplied with arms ant ,t
grub.
=, C. McCl iceland was in from his rancl
on lower Spring creek with Vegetables
He reports no troubles except tn
numerous raids that have been reported
The Indians do not get far from tn
river. The day he left his son Paul lie
the Indian scouts across to the mout
Of Battle creek.
TUESDAY.
Col. M. II. Day came in last evening
having made the distance from Phinney'
ranch, about fifty miles. in four hour
He states that the Cheyenne SCOUT
now stationed at the mouth Of Bait
creek, were attacked by the Sioux iroi
across the river Monday night. The
crossed on the ice and fired into Il
camp, Immediately retreatiag; 81
scouts eudeavored to follow them, bl
being unacquainted with the river SOC
found themselves in water up to the
waists. The scouts win fight. Mr.. Ds
is brought to She city by the arrival
more arms, the distribution OF which &
will direct.
Orders from General Miles instru STIR
Col. Day and his command to renla
on the west side Of the Cheyenne an
the advance Of the regular troop
WEDNESDAY,.
There is but little news today moi
inp has been heard from the friend
Indians who went as peace messeng
3sHs 10 the hos.sil camp. It was report
that col. Summer had Big F0ots ba
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
A Sad Accident.

y
Peter Lemley well known young
stockman, who has long resided with
Plummer G. Davis on Spring creek, met
with severe accident on Saturday even
ing. He was engaged in repairing his
pistol scabbard and had been fitting it
to the six-shooter when in some manner
it fell from his hand and the hammer
coming IN contact with the round OF the
chair it was discharged, the ball entering
his breast just below the breast bone
passing upward and probably lodging
in the shoulder inflicting a pain
was not extracted. He wassesting quite
easy at last accounts and his speedy
recovery is expected.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

John q. Reed reached this city, from
the Cheyenne, Sunday evening. He re-
ports that no Indians have been seen in
that section yet, except those with the
soldiers, and thinks the settlers will be
more troubled by soldiers, the coming
winter, than;ever were by Indians. The
families in his pelghborhood, eight miles
above smithville, are still on their
ranches He left his wife and children
alone with his hired man while in town
the present trip. But settlers are well
armed and sleeping with one eye open.
Parties Of soldiers are scouting up and
down the river. ss,s
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
BORN.

Der 90. 1890, to the wife Of H. ". Campbell,
twin daughters. . ..s3 ~
FREAsE In this city on Wednesday, Deoem
ber "A, $3.50, TO the wife Of Albert Fsease, 9
s daruhter u
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

The brick work on the Schleunlng anC
Young building is completed and the
roof is being laid.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

A full line Of stone churns, preserve
jars and Jugs at s. =. Barber q Son,
Red Front.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

Parties in from Battle creek report the
Indians as building Notifications on the
big table opposite the mouth OF the
creek. Education has not been thrown
away on the savage.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
The Sheriff Contest.


David c. Robinson against Elihu Wilson
for the office, OF sheriff OF Pennington
county. Closed last week. y notice OF
same prepared for The UNION was in
some manner overlooked. Mr.. Robin
son contested the vote OF the first ward,
third ward, Rockford, Sitting Bull and
Hill City, on various grounds, but prin-
clpa}ly claiming that votes were counted
for Wilson, that should have been
counted for Robinson. 1t was alleged
that at Sitting Bull some twenty votes
were received after the polls had been
formerly closed. The contestants were
unable to agree on referee and the
court decided the matter with his usual
good judgment by the appointment OF
that able jurist and independent, David
Wells. Judge Wells was in a trying po-
sition, being assailed on both sides by
the best legal talent the city affords, but
he appeared level headed and cool,
aceuitting himself with honor.
j Mr.. Robinson was represented by
Messrs. Bangs and Wood, while Wilson's
interests were looked after. by Messrs
Fowler and Gardner. The most interest
ing part of the trial was the sparriug OF
the legal weights employed by contest
ants, The object OF the >complainants
council was evidently to openthe ballot
boxes OF the different precincts and make
recount, trusting to enough errors be.
ing found to Offset the twenty majority
OF the defendent. Attorneys for .defen.
dent opposed this on the ground that
fraud or irregularity in the vote must be
shown before recount could be had
! This ground the referee sustained. The
vote OF first ward was recounted anc
did not change the returns made by
; board. The recounted vote showed thai
i a Robinson sticker had been pasted owe
Mr.. Wilson's name and afterward it ap
i peared that an attempt had been mad,
t to tear it off, but only a portion hac
! come oil leaving the line to read, Dayit
81 C. Wilson. The board had rejected thi
t ticket. One man swore that the polls a
v Sitting Bull had been closed and after
]. ward reopened. Mr.. Temples eYidenc
) did not show thatspolls had been closed
n It was however shown, though no
i allowed in evidence, that the last twent
a votes, or there about, brought in by MI
e Temple, were demo ocratic otes and bein
( at about the time Of closing, a Mr.. Tracy
i by his challenge, proposed to keep thcr
y out until the polls closed, and to avoi
ST this Messrs. Temple and Tracy entere
= into an agreement where by these me
substituted Wilson's name for Re obinsor
and thus got in their votes before IL
e polls closed.
q, The efforts OF compliments to cour
the vote failing, stipnlationwas entere
s. into whereby the defend dants agreed to
40 recount Of the Hill City vote on thecor
y plainant agreeing that in case OF failu
a. Ito show three or more votes for Robi
r. son, that had been counted for Wilso
they would withdraw the contest T.
count made a gain Of only two votes I
Il. Robinson and his attorney, graceful
IS m withdrew. Elihu Wilson is our ne
S sheriff.
al l During Monday night a cold w,,
or reached this section. Tuesday "
on Ic1oi,5lxyto % ,,1 fs,lif f,i x rr1sl
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
--1e-o6-


HUNTING. In Rapid City, Deeember 1s. 1890,
at eleyen.p M, Mrs. Edith Il. Hunting, in her
fftieth year. ,. = ss
BGILLMARTIN-A6Pi Pietlmo ont. Sat tnrday Deem.
ber 90, 1890, Mrs. Patrick Giilmartin, aged
thirty-five years.
|HoLCoMB-In Rapid City, at her residence on
| St. Zoe street on Sunday, December 81, 1890
Mrs. We. Holcomb, aged seventy one years
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

During Monday night cold wave
reached this section. Tuesday WAS
cloudy and quite cold
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
Sensations i'll Court.

Yesterday the usual monotiny OF the
court was some what disturbed. At the
opening OF court Elmer Wheeler, a
white youth, and Laura Belle McDuffy,
colord woman OF more mature years,
who had been convicted OF adultry,
were brought into court for sentence
As the judge pronounced sentence OF
8 years on Wheeler the woman was
greatly effected, nearly went into
Mysteries and some time was needed to
quiet her sufficiently to.receive her own
sentence OF l year, the case is appealed.
Mrs. Wallace has the cheapest line OF
millinery in town and ladies will always
find it to their advantage to buy OF her.
She has no old OF shoddy goods
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25
MARRIED.

ri, t555i MARRIED,
SCRuTON4MINER-At the Methodist parson-
age Wednesday,, December "a, 800. Robert
Scruton and Eveline Miner, both OF Silver
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

No lack Of chickens, ducks, or turkeys
during the past week. The markets
We're well supplied,
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1890-12-25

in charge, but word was received at
sheadqu yesterday that they had
given him the slip and were headed for
the Bad Lands. Gen. Carr's troops
were dispatched from the mouth OF
Rapid creek to head them off.