New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-08-22
THE WAGES OF WOMEN.
MRS HELEN CAMPBELL DISCUSSING THE
PROBLEM AT CHAUTAUQUA.
DIR. FAIRBAIRN ON THE INFLUENCE OF CAR
DINAL NEwMAN-NoRMAL CLASS
GRADUATES.
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE TRIBUNE.

GRADUATES.
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE TRIBUNE.
Chautauqua, y. V, Aug 21.-Mrs. Helen Campbell,
whose lectures here continue 10 attract large audiences,
spoke to-day the present social and economic CON
ditiOn OF women IN this country. She presented hg-
to show that the Of women workers are ter
rbly underpaid and deserve great credit for their
perseverance and morality under strong temptation
she nevertheless pointed ont the danger of continued
low wages and of the tyranny Of employers, while in
sisting that among the vicious classes are not
recruited from the waecworIers.
AT the beginning Of this century," she said,
! " cotton factories were lust being established
| In New England, and to many New England girls tho
factories meant delivcrance from monotonous lie OF
toll on grudgng soil and amid many dcprivatons'
Yet factory labor at first OF almost Incredible
severity. The mills ran generally thirteen hours
day the year round at Paterson y. j. The rules re-
quircd that and children should be at WORK Dy
! 4 80 a. m. Women and children were urged on by
the cowhldc and the first inspection OF the factories
| notably in Connecticut. revealed state OF things
nearly as narrowing as that which brought about the
passage Of the first factory acts In New England Al
/ the time the wages were only from 80 10 40
cents day. Distressing cruelty to children was as
covered and outrage Of every kind among the women
workers. whose wages were lowered 10 the point OF
mere subsistence. In 1881 and 1892 meetings Of
factory hands were called 10 protest against the greed
and oppression Of employers although women hm no
part in the protest The Civil War forced thousands
Of women TO become wage earncrs by dcprivns them
OF their natural protectors. In 1873 the MASSACHUSETTS,
Bureau Of Labor reported that there were eoooo uh-
skilled workers I'm the largest cities Of the coui
try who toled from twelve TO fifteen hours day and
received an average wage OF 80 cents The report for
1873 showed that the skilled workers received only
about twoafths a. much men and the rest three
hnhs.
"The Knights OF Labor made the first attempt to
equalzc matters. They Insisted equal pay for
equal work for both sexes, and expelled from thc
organization a member who had beaten his wife Cor
rectng inaccuracies in reports, may assume that
there were over 100000 women employed in New-forE
alone in 1854. emitting those engaged as clarwoneh
or domestic servants, AID In the whole country nearly
5000 600 In the twenty-five cities investigated the
avcra-c aga at which Girls began to work was mteen
years and four months. Charleston. G.. gives
eighteen years and months the highest average
and Newark v j.. fourteen years and seven months
the lowest o. i7A27 Interviewed, 14,l2O were na'vc
born g3G wer, fN,h ard 10 Mormons. l&,oo' Ha1
foreign born mothers; 1887 were single women '4'
married and I.O37 widows; s,134 supported theH'-
selves and helped support others; p,5l3 helpeI
+, bore housel,cenlng The statistics show that the
health was impaired by work Of l2.o22 who reported
9-9 earn les than 800 year. In Atlanta the wages
are te lowest In the twenty cities, the AVERAGE BENG
oply - o. pc- week. In san Francisco they are Inc
| highest reaching - 06. In Ncw-ioFh tno aVclds'
wages is SIS 50: In Boston. 50 81 IN 'hcse'' - a.
In Il. Paul go o. and In New-Oreans' ~ 81
To morrow Mrs Campbell viii tell Of her con
cIrs,ons on the facts in an address on "TAe Women
Of the Future 1T.
DIR A. NJ Falrbalrn. Of oxford. delivered an able
and timely address this morning before several hundred
people on Cardinal Ncvman's influence on modern tt
Asous thought -. -,
| cardinal Newman he said, "lacked many 0!
the greater qauc, Of the greater men Of this time
lie Vas without Arnod's intense moral sincerity
Coleridgc's speculative power and i''uIN
OF analysis and Klngslcy's love Of mas,u
limo human nature and broad sympatMcs
/ With men iu all the varied forms of national ana
| socnl life Hut he had more than they had power
OF ANALYSIS Of the conscience and Inquest into tho
heart power. a. It We're. by an asoetc ideal l" IT.
bulc the idolatr.cs the luxury the sins ana lhP'f
feet ons 81 the nch. aud to Invite mon from inc io"c
/ ulooc, Of he To- HIGHER things. Yet man VINO
could be- formed amid al the Influences ana CONDITIONS
that were about him In his youth and yet re-
/ main to them a, De- ia. allen and a stranger. lived
in his tins. but wa, not Of IT, Al iris hinFe "oHiu
have Lccn made impossible. II he had stopped Tor one
splendid moment To consider the I"rsc' "'""5'''
that shaped Itself about him
Leland Powcrs scored another notable success by
his dramatic reading Of David Garrck' This even
Ing Nine. Abblo Darlington AID W. IL. Sherwood per
formed at q concert IN the Amphltheatro
At the normal class examination. the following
students passed on A required standard Of 20 per
cent: Frances e.. Ans II. New York; Grace t.
Jarrett, rtusvue. Penn, Laura A. bIalhAu' 'n'"
station, " T., Anna G. Brockman. 81 LOUIS MIS-.
r. T. Burrows. Andovcr. y. Y. a. II. Chance, Vine
land. " j.; Ida u. Clark. Mcidyill,. Penn. :. f.
Conant jamestown. y. T.. 5. A; Dcyerell. Weeds,
mort v Y: Carrie VI. Dthrldee New YORK. EcMaru
D. Dthridec. New-Nork; l.. May Dthrdge' N.w.
YORK.: Miss :. T. Doud, farport y. ". May
Fldrcdge Macedcn Centre. y. j.; \. Lillian Fa4lk''
Elizabeth, y. J., Elml NJ: Fans, olhcy' H.
Rachel r. Folsom. WcstIcd. y. j.; Annie u. frazer
Allegheny Penn Agnes -. Frazer. Allegheny rem;
Ms George Graham. Wecd,port. \; !: l. X:
| iluunrkfhl,
Iir. Ada - krcpps. Brownsville. Penn. Ms. +. ,.
Marks Chicago; Lille H. Mendcll. Cnnloi' y. J.
Minnie A. Mollr, Cincinnati; Miss ~ Il. Morg I'm,
~t,nIcton y y; Margaret :. Ou. Wheeling ". "a.
sarah l.. Poston, Jacksonville. ohio; Alice W. .@rSal,
Warren. Penn. Lewis Il. somai hrld scp.rt Miriam
r. Wheeler Elza0cth Lulu wilkinson, io'torl't, ono