davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21
DTCKED IN THE CHILLING HARLEM.
A WHOLESALE BAPTISM OF coNvERTs-ENTHU-
s1AsM DEFIEs COLD WATER.

sIASM DEFIES COLD WATER.
The sun was stlll climbing tho heavens and the
air was decidedly chilly yesterday morning when large
crowd Of coored people of both dressed In gala az
tire assembled on the Harlem beach to witness the
wholesale baptism Of converts. shortly before O'Clock
the Rev DIR Walters pastor Of the Zion Methodist Epsco
pal Church. arrived on the ground, and was quickly
followed by the newly made converts. There were
forty of them in all. Some were mlddleagcd men
and women, and some young women Just entering
the emotional period of HE.
After divcsting themselves Of their everyday clothes,
they sailed forth fio the retiring rooms, In single Tile,
singing HYMNS They an terribly in earliest.
but the costumes looked painfully unpicurcsquc. The
men We long black Oilskn cloaks. then bare feet
int pccping beneath the folds. The women we're
arravcd i'm a variety Of costumes, sons being wrapped
in mackintoshcs. and Others appearing in white petit
coats and particOlOrcd shawl. The wharvcs, piers
and nechhOring windows were all crowded with in
tcrc,tcd spectators The crowd joined In the airs
iufoncd by those about 10 be baptized. a they stood
swaying to and frO awaiting their turn TO descend
into the water. which va, bitterly cold. The Rev
DR. Walters wadcd little way out into the river.
Each convert duly ducked under wafer and re
turned to the dressing rooms with ardor undated,
in state great excitement. singing all the time
wholly oblivous Of dripping garmrnt, or Of chilled
limbs. The women were particularly strung up 10
a hi,h pitch Of devotion, and Though ihelr nerves
must have suffered by the sudden plunge they did
moi seem mind n.
When The crowd was passing through the bath
hou-r into street after the ceremony. the womcns
voices could bc heard singing In chorus IN the dressing
room ~ am washed In the blood Of the Lamb
The onloohcrs were d"NOut ana well behaved. ana
zion Church had unusually large congregation at
the morning service
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21
CREDIT IF DESIRED.
MARINE INTELLIGENCE,
MINIATURE ALMANAC.
TO-DAY.

sprr.s. % sets641 Moon g:ls pm Moons ago
HIGH WATER
4 veandy Hook 10 Gov. Island. 9:35 Holl Gate ! 81
p W-saudy Hook 92o Gov. Island 9iJ He'll Gate SO
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21
SUNDAY BASEBALL GAMES.
THE BROOKLYN ASSOCIATION TEAM WINS AND

THE AGNES LOSE-THE SCORES!
The Brooklyn and Syracuse Association clubs crossed
bats at RidgewOod Park, Brooklyn yesterday, the home
team winning after an Interesting battle. over 1000
people were present. The batting Of O'Brien and
Mclaughlin and the fielding work Of OConncll and
Loves were the features Of the game. The was
az follows.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21
SHIPPING NEJr.S
PORT OF NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. APRIL 90 1879


PORT OF NETWORK. .....suNDAY. APRIL 20 1890
ARRIVED.
stc,m.r BIZ Hams. Liverpool April r. Queens
Town H. with mdse aud passengers to Vernon II co
steamer city Of Berlin tBrl, Lewis Liy,Ipoo ApriI
Queenstown Is with mdse and passengers 10 Peter Wright
SON. Arrived AZ the Bar III go
steamer Jersey city lBr Scndc shields Mar 30 swansea
Aarl with md,c 10 James Arke Co Arrived at Bar
at 3 10 m
thTistisnSand with Hdsc and
punch Edvr & Arrived at the Bar Al 4 y
steamer Hermann fRclcj. Meyer Antwerp Mar via
Posfnn with mdsc Eunci Edye 4 CO. Arrived tn Iar
al s 80
and passrngors Outerbridge CO. Arrived the Bar
at - 10
Clameiic Percy. NcWOrins u days, with indse
TO j 4 Van sickle
Steamer Kansas city. kempton. savannah pa days
M and pas gers To II ]. walker
Hencfactnr Ingram wilmington, NC. with mdso
nj passengers VIM l. clyde a CO.
Hoanoke Hulphers. Newport News and Norfolk
with mds u passengers 81 Ola dominion IS Co
steamer + Miller. Homer Bucksport, with and
PASSENGERS Ia r IL Smitn a co
steamer II Dnocs. Edridgc. Boston. with ndss 70 II y
Dimuck
SUNSET wind at sandy Hook. light, S. clear At City
Island. wind light, NSE. clear.
SAILED.
steamers Monarch. for iondon Minoo!a Leth; RhosnA
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21
winning run scored with one out.
Daily declared out.

winning scored with one OUT
tDay declared out.
BROOKLYN / Q %
Earned runs-Brooklyn 3. Syracuse . Twohase hits
Toolc. Briggs. 1hrccbase ht-Simon Home run
O'Brisn. Sacrifice ht>-Polt7 O'Conne Ioolc. Hi 10y
pitcher-M Iaughlin First bssy on ~ o.
Chlds Briggs. Fcnnely. Struck out-P'lu Daily.
Simon o Bowos Gcihardt . Toolc. Stolen bascs-Sinon
BOwes .. Gcrhardt, Daily ., Mclnciny Lci on
hases-Brooklyn = Syracuse .. Passed bals-Bowcs.
Wild ptchcs-Tooe. umpirc-BdInum. Iimc-l 90.
The Senators their fonrth consecutive game at
Recreation Park yesterday, defeating the Acme nine in
the presence Of LOO spectators The senators out
battcd and outheldcd their opponents The score Wa
as annexed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21

monmouth: America st AIMS Bay facon bAracos Mohuez
Sunez Havana; rnornholmc Phiaheiphia'
THE MOVEMENTS OF STEAMERS.
FOREIGN PORTS.
orrrysrowy April 2O-sailed steamers Wisconsi (Br)
vsrra and CITY (Br) Young. from Liverpool hence
Work
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21
cLEvE1ANDs SUPERIOR BAKING POWDER.
ABSOLUTELY THE BEST.

ABSOLUTELY THE BEST
The manufacturers of this baking powder, recog-
nizing the fact that the public have right to know
what they are using as food, have for many years
published all the ingredients upon the label OF
every can This guarantee has been confirmed by
analyses made by the Government chemists State
chemists and leading scientists of various States.
The public thus has not only the assurance that
Clcvelands Superior Baking Powder is absolutely
pure, but also a knowledge of all the ingredients
that enter into its manufacture.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-04-21

s. sor ,tCr' .-...-....... ~ 9 . o.
armed runs-senaors .. Acues o. First ha-e on oif's
4 AcI,s I. Left on ba-ts ->enhtuf- o. b
Struck out-.A Paash, Malone. Hc,rr l'kfi', % 'i
Vs. Krauss. ball Lever. Ncoih id, 'I''t
4 tams. Stolen ba,".-Willlsus. Moorh'ad t't'.-
cyan Hci,er. Sacrifice hit--Wllla,
III bv pitcher Hopkins. 'isSo hit On Fu,1cn = 'I
i.rnev = Two-basc hts-HNcr-, fa,-h, MIA I.'''
Arniitagc. Unplfe- Hopkins. Tine-l 80.
, 1890-07-08

TEKAMAH, Neb,, July THE sheriff
of Burt county celebrated the Fourth in a
way that he will not soon forget. In the
morning John Bascom, while en- route to
Tekamah, was waylaid in the brush along
the Missouri river and shot by Edward
Billick, several balls taking effect in the
neck and face. The victim was able to
proceed to Tekamah, where be had his
wounds dressed and then swore out a war
rant for the arrest of Billick.
The sheriff found the offender in a
house, armed with a musket and sur
rounded BY several friends, who were well
provided with shot guns. He made the
arrest, however. but while putting on the
handouts his prisoner broke away aud ran.
This seemed to be the sigma, for his con
federates to join in the fray. and they at
once covered the sheriff with their guns
aud forced him to give up the pursuit,
and the intended prisoner made good his
escape.
Sheriff Munroe secured some additional
help, followed his man TO Blair, made the
arrest without any further resistance, and
returned WITH his prisoner to Tekamah on
the evening train. The rest of the gang
will be arrested for resisting ali officer.
, 1890-07-08
Kept Like "a wild Beast.

PROVIDENCE. r. l.. July Charley
Mccarthy, a lad OF Is years, is lying at
the point of death in the Rhode Island
hospital at this place. Medical Examiner
John A. O'Keeie, who has attended
him, believes that his condition Is due to
brutal treatment received at the state re-
form school at Sockonosset. Charley and
another boy were arrested for stealing a
pot Of baked beans from a grocer's wagon
a year g last January. The beans were
worth fifteen cents. Charley always
claimed that he took no part in the rob
berry. Both boys, however, were com
mitted to the reform school, there to re
main till they should become of age. His
father said yesterday that they put him
in the sweat box. He was a strong,
healthy boy then and had never been sick
a day. He weighed 1877 pounds. The
sweat box" is the name the boys have
for a dark cellar. There no light can get
in. The lad was kept solitary in this
da.k hole for thirty DAYS on bread and
water, which he got twice a day. When
his mother called to see him she was re-
fused admittance, but she finally got per
mission through ex-Mayor Hayward.
You wouldn't have known the boy, to
look at him" said she. He was more
like a wild beast kept there in the dark.
, 1890-07-08
!. WILKES BOOTHS TRUNKS.


They Were Picked Up from "A Wr, cked
Yessel Below Quebec and Sold.
Thomas Casey, atypical Irishman of
60 years or more, stood in front of the
Opera house in Detroit, Mich, intently
studying the show bill that bore the
name of Edwin Booth, who was play
ing an engagement there. He asked a
man who was standing near him if Ed
win Booth was any relation to j.
Wilkes Booth. Being assured that he
was, Mr.. Casey repaired tn the hotel to
tell Mr.. Booth tho following remarkd
BILE story:
In June, 1865. while Mr.. Casey was
an a%uctioneer in Quebec, a schooner
called the Emma loaded at Montreal
With oil fo' Nassau. In the cargo
sSere sever large trunks marked y.
". B., Nassau, to be called for" The
schooner passed Quebec. but a short
distance below that city a storm struck
ner and she was wrecked. The crew
and officers were never seen, but She
iorelies Was sickfa mp by some Quebeo
s%ailors, who claimed salvage.
The goods recCy cred were put into
ne admiralty court to be sold, and
thomas Casey vas the auctioneer to
whom the sale was intrusted. He
opened the seven trunks and found
them filled with rich velvet suits,
jewelel daggers, rmors, helmets,
plumes and various other theatrical ac,
cessories. Old letters bearing the ad
dress of -. Wilkes Booth" and hun.
dreds of tickets with the initials ~
w. B." were also found.
The goods were much damaged By
water. For some of them there was
no call, and Mr.. Casey kept them.
The sailors realized $500, and $500 wa
deposited to the credit OF j. Wilkes
Booth or his heirs. Mr.. Casey had
never heard OF j. Wilkes Booth.
Away down in Quebec he took but lit
tie interest in the affairs that were
then interesting the American mind,
and he made no effort to find the
owner, who, he then supposed, was
drowned on the Emma, nor had he
any interest in inquiring for Booths
relatives. In the lapse of time the af-
fair escaped his memory and he did
not think of it again. Casey's endeav
or to see Edwin Booth was futile.
The fact that the trunks were con
signed to Nassau leads to the belief
that j. Wilkes Booth evidently hoped
to escape to the Bahama islands and
there resume his profession, believing,
no doubt, that his offense would be
considered a political one and that he
would be safe in a foreign country.
Casey is a. resident of Montreal
Cor. New York Times.
, 1890-07-08

NEwTows, Conn, July isabelle
Bassett, a comely woman, 30 years of age,
whose home il in Huntington, came to
Newtown on Sunday to enter the employ
of Lawrence Mitchell as h~ousekeeper.
John Herman, a farm hand in the en-
p.oy Of Mitchell, was at once struck with
the young womin's prepossessing appear
ance. and made violent love, which was
scorned. On Monday afternoon, Will c
he was at work 10 the hay field with his
employer, he made some excuse to visit the
house, where Miss Bassett was alone. As
soon as he entered she saw that he had
evil in his eye and she endeavored to leave
the room. He blocked her path and
made proposals which she Indignantly re-
pulsed. Then he seized her, and,
after a hard struggle, overpowered
unconscious after her assailant had left
the house, and as soon as her strength
permitted she raised an outcry, which
brought several nelghbors to the place.
Mitchell and half a dozen men in the
vicinity organized a searching party and
soon found Herman crouched between an
outbuilding and a high board fence. Yes
terday Herman was taken from the town
lookup. where he lay all night, and Jus
tice kavanaugh committed him to appear
before the superior court in September.
Unable to furnish a bail OF 81 900 he was
taken to the Bridgeport jail. At the
trial before the justice Miss Bassett sp-
peared and showed a bruise on her fore
head and Commissions on her body as Of
the resistance she made.
, 1890-07-08
FrucaIItr.

Some remarkable statements ara
made by Professor Rein, a scientist
who has been investigating the mate.
rial resources of Japan. They reveal
a national frugality and economy of a
marvellous type. The area OF Japan is
less than that of California. Its cult
waited land is less than one-tenth of its
total acreage, yet its products support
about 3s, 900, 600. In Japan $50 per-
sons subsist from each square mile Of
TILED land. A people existing in such
circumstances must, from necessity Of
preservation, be provident, painstak-
ing, hard working, ingenious and fru-
gal. The Japs appear to deserve all
these ~adjectives. Agriculture with
them is literally market gardening,
because the soil is required TO produce
than any other place in the
world.-Once a Week.
, 1890-07-08
$1,000 TO THE TON.
Rich Gold Discovery Near Tin
Cup, Colorado.
The Senate Refuses to Consider
the Tariff Bill.
An agreement Reached on the
Silver Bill.

Denver, July ia Macs special
from Tin Cup, Colorado, gives an account
of the most wonderful discovery of gold
ever reported in the world. The find is
six miles from tin Cup, on the Gross
mountains, aud is owned by Mccormick
aud Lewis. The vein is ten feet in thick
ness-the lower six ieet iron manganese,
the upper four gold bearing quartz of free
gold. The lowest assay from this rock is
$40 per ton, and there are specimens
which put through a common morter re-
turn $40, 900 in gold to the ton. Two
men are now taking out 5000 per day.
If this streak is only one yard in depth
and extends the full length OF the claim
u, 500 ieet) there will be 1903, OOO in gold
in it. If the dip goes down 900 feet it
is worth slS7. 479.OOO. The average value
is placed at 81 900 per ton. The excite
ment over the discovery is intense and
thousands of miners are rushing into the
CanIn.
, 1890-07-08
Stocks and Carrre Markets.

New York. July The apathy
and %staGnation in Wall street which pre-,
vailed so long were if anything intensified
today with the limited business and in.
significant fluctuations. The market
closed dull to steady and firm. St. Paul
is down / and Rock Island | per cent.
but the other changes were slight.
Governments steady.
Money on call easy at 3(U5.
Petroleum opened strong. Spot S9I,
August 9O4. The market advanced I,
then August fell {, after which the mar.
ket closed dull.
Following are closing prices of stocks;
Pacific 6s. llS; American Express, IFS,
Canada Pacific, Sls; Canada Southern,
563; Central Pacific. 324; Burlington,
LOG: Delaware, Lackawanna 4 Western,
1851; Denver 4 RIO Grande, III Eric,
25I; Kansas & Texas. ls4; Lake Shore,
1901; Louisville 4 Nashville, Sss, Michi-
gan Central, 974: Fargo Express, 40;
Western Union, $40; Missouri Pacific. 7Sg;
Northern Pacific, 3G4; prefer, d, sol:
Northwestern, llOl; preferred, l4S;
New York Central, los: Oregon I'm
provement, 4S; Oregon Navira
ton. lO4l; Oregon Short Line. A.;
Transoontinental, 45l; Pasifc Mail,
AT; Reading, 400; Rock Island,
git; Milwaukee 4 st. Paul, 723: Texas
Pacific, 20J; Union Pacific, Gag; United
States Express, -; American cotton
oil 2Ti.
CHICAGO, July 7.-Cattle-Receipts,
1900. Market steady and higher. Beeves.
1900 IS; steers, 81. 5OC04 40; stockers
and feeders, 81 2O(G3 IS; Texas cattle,
81. 5O@3.0o.
Sheep-Receipts 1000. Market steady.
Natives, 3.50@5.OO western, 50 75(6
A so; Texans, 5 3.OOtG .25.
The Drouers' Journal special cable
gram from London quotes top American
cattle tai &c higher per pound at 12(9 l2s
per pound estimated dead weight.
Wheat-Firm, Cash, So; August gOl.
September 903.
Corn Steady. Cash, 35i; August,
374; September, IS.
, 1890-07-08

MILFORD, N. j., July 7.-Ycsterday
afternoon there was a cloud burst near
this place and rain fell IN great quantities.
The heavy fall continued for two hours
and a halt. causing the creek in the east
tern part of town to overflow its high
banks. Much damage was done to small
buildings. and water poured in huge
volumes through several streets. The
year-old daughter of William Slater
was drowned. After the storm a farmer
living below the town went out to the
railroad track to see if any damage had
been done and found that a c%ulvert had
been washed out aud the track washed
away, He FASTENED up the line and
tagged an approaching express train.
thus saving many lives.
, 1890-07-08

MoNTENo. ILL.,. July IA train of
fourteen cara bearing knights of Pythias
from Southern Illinois for Milwaukee was
derailed Except the four forward cars) by
a misplaced switch this morning. The
rear portion of the train ran upon a
siding, except the chair car occupied by
the East St. Louis contingent, which
turned upon its side aud the occupants,
numbering fifty, were hurled with great
violence against the side OF the car. The
sudden stopping of the train prevented a
long list of casualties. j. Il. Crowder
OF Waco, Tex was killed and half a
dozen injured. mont fatally. The excur-
sionists were transferred to a special train
and sent to their destination.
, 1890-07-08
Postage stamp. Good Until Used.

Persons having old postage stamps
sometimes think they are rendered
worthless by the issue of new ones.
This is not SO. The only obsolets
stamps are those of the issues of 1S47
and 1851, very few of which are now
in existence in the north, and these
are generally worth more than their
face value for collectors. The issues
of 1861, 1859 and 1870 are as good in
the payment of postage as the new is
sues. The reason the issues of 1S47
and 1851 are not accepted is because
large amounts of these were outstand-
ing in the south at the time of the re-
bellion, and the present holders Of
them probably secured them without
rendering an equivalent to Uncle Sam.
Hartford Courant.
, 1890-07-08
LAID LOW BY THE WIND.
A Northwest Wind Strikes
the City of Fargo.
Houses Unroofed and Blocks
Blown Down.
Seven Children and Two
Tramps Instantly Killed.
A Passenger Train Blown
From the Track.

FARGO, n. D., July This city was
visited this morning by the severest storm
ever known hero, 1t began at $50 and
continued half an hour. Early in the
night there were some indications of rain
and about midnight it began to thunder
and lightning. 1t first began to blow
from the south. but suddenly shifted to
the northwest and in a very short time
was blowing a hurricane. Three electric
light towers were soon blown down. leav-
ing the city In inky darkness that was re-
lieved by vivid flashes of lightning. The
frightened inhabitants were aroused from
their sleep and lights were shining from
windows all over the city. but
outside there was nothing but darkness and
the tempest and nothing could be heard
but the angry roa of the wind and the
crashing OF flying debris. By 4 O'Clock
people were hurrying in every direction
to ascertain the amount OF damage done.
An appalling discovery was soon made
the death Of seven children of the late
Capt. James Mccarthy, who died only a
at home with their mother. sought safety
in a coal bin, where they were all crushed
to death. The mother was also seriously
injured. but it is drought she will re
cover. A few other persons sustained
slight injuries
The Northern Pacific through north
bound passenger train was blown from the
track and many passengers severely but
not dangerously injured. The Northern
Pacific repair aud machine shops, and the
freight depots of the Great Northern 4
Milwaukee roads were demolished. Sew
eral churches were badly wrecked and
numerous other buildings more o. less
damaged. The total damage in the city
is about SIS, 900.
, 1890-07-08

CHICAGO. july Two year-olds,
three quarters of a miIe-Chilles won,
KinRmau second, Dickerson third.
Time, i:54.
Three year-olds-Clio won. Chapman
second, Dr.. Nave third. Time, l:433.
Mile and three furlongs-Ormie won
in 2:303. breaking the record OF Tribould
at San Francisco in 1883 and Richmond at
Sheepsheld in the same year, by three
quarters of a second. Hypocrite second,
Outbound third.
Mile and a sixteenth, all ages-Long-
shot won, Dyer second. Eturia third.
Time, l:49i.
Mile and a sixteenth. all ages-McMur
tie won, Tenacity second, Bonalatta third.
Time, l:47.
Three-year-o Odds and upward, mile and
a sixteenth-Woodcraft won. Lottie s.
second. Kalooleh third. Time, 300.
, 1890-07-08


WASHINGTON, July THE confer
ence report on the diplomatic and con
sular appropriation bill was agreed to.
Morrill, moved to take up the tariff bill,
saying it could be then laid aside iafor.
mally until the shipping bills were dis
posed Of. The senate reiused-yeas 20,
nays 22-as follows: Yeas-Aldrich,
Allison, Davis. Dixon, Dolph, Edmunds,
FarweIl, Faulkner, Frye, Hale, dawley.
Hiscock. Manderson, Morrill,, Platt,
Pugh. Quay. Sawyer, Sherman, Stock
bridge-20. Nays-Allen, Bate. Berry,
Carlisle, Cockrtll, Gibson, German,
Hampton. Harris, Jones of Arkansas.
Mitchell, Pasco, Payne, Plumb, Ransom.
Squire. Stewart, Teller, Turpie. Nesi,
Voorhees,, Walthall-22.
The senate bill providing for a United
States land court and providing for the
settlement of private land claims in New
Mexico, Wyoming, Arizona, Utah, Ne
vada and Colorado was discussed until >
O'Clock. when 1t was laid aside and the
shipping bills resumed.
Reagan spoke against the bills. At the
close of his remarks the election bill was
received from the house, 1t was ION
motion of Frye ordered laid on the table
until the return to Washington of the
chairman of the committee on privileges
and elections (Hoar).
Morgan opposed the shipping bills and
FRYE made some additional remarks In
their support.
Sherman presented the conference report
on the silver bill. After it was read he
gave notice that he would call it up fo-
action tomorrow morning. After an ex-
ecutive session the senate adjourned.
, 1890-07-08
COME renee of Letter Carriers.

New York, July Tho national
conference of letter carriers was held here
to-day. The object of the conference is to
further the interests of letter carriers in
general. particularly in regard to the
salary bill now pending in congress.
r,orty representatives were present from
new York, Brooklyn, jersey City, New
ark, Albany, Providence, Buffalo, Mil
waukse, Chicago, Philadelphia and
San francisco. The national association.
It was decided, should secure a charter
and that the maximum fee for the ad-
mission of local councils should be IS.
Ihe following resolution was passed
That any legislation affecting the pay of
letter carriers should be on A basis of
$oo0 for the first year, $500 for the
second, 81. 900 fer the third and 81, 200
sfter that for cities of the first class. and
for cities Of the second class 5000, 1850
aud 81 900 for the first. second and third
years respectively.
, 1890-07-08
Horse Thieves Do a GoodEBusiness.

ST. PAUL, July IA Spokane Falls,
Wash. special says: Horse thieves have
made a grand roundup in eastern Wash
ington and northern Idaho during the
past few days. The method of their
operations indicates that they have a
regularly organized band with a leader.
Saturday and Sunday last they rem.
dezvoused near this city and hastened
away with 500 head of horses toward the
British Columbian line, through the Flat
head Indian country, in northwestern
Montana. A Walla Walla farmer reports
the loss of fifty head which were traced
to within a few miles of Spokane Falls
William Lewis of Cheney lost a stallion
for which he recently paid 81 200. A
large number Of ranchers have organized
Tor pursuit of the thieves, but with little
hope of success, as they have -u-good
start. A battle is sure to occur If the
pursuers overtake the thieves.