davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-15

some Paris sewage through a layer Of
soil with the view OF using it as manure.
They were astonished to find that it was
twenty daYsbefere it began to nitrify,
and then the process was rapid, contain
ing no longer ammonia or organic nitro
gen, but nitrates.. Pasteur had already
discovered the action of bacteria in the
organized ferments of vinifcation, putre-
faction, etc., and M. Schloesing concluded
that these phenomena were caused in q
singular manner. M. Winogradsky, OF
Zutich, finally bred the pure microbe in
solutions of carbonates of lime and mag
nesia barren OF organic matters, and
found that they contained nitrates, by
dissOlving the carbonates, uniting each
atom OF oxygen stolen from the carbonic
acid with an atom of nitrogen. A soil,
to be fertile, must contain sufficient
supply OF carbOnates, but in the decay of
vegetation many acids are produced, and
these are neutralized by the carbonates
before nitrifcation can take place.
Peat and muck lands are SO rich in
humic acids, and poor in carbOnates,
=. that. MULTIPLICATION cannot take place, and
AMMONIA only is formed. NJ Muntz has
discovered that the microbes OfammOnia
are superior to those of notification,
$500 of heat being required to kill them,
while 1910 destroyed the latter; and heis
of the opinion that the inferior precedes
and developes the superior microbe. At
first Professor Helriegel thought the ex-
cess of nitrogen, when soil extract was
used, must come from the air, but the
later observations, as shown above, in
dicate that it isfurnished by the bacteria.
1t is wonderful to think of microbes
that can disorganize matter, for in hu
mus diseases they work on organic
substance, and some suppose their
baneful effects are from poisons they
generate. 1t may be that in the soil,
instead of acting directly, they produce
compounds that act as go betweens, like
the nitrate of soda used in making sui
phuric acid OF burning sulphur.
The prime conditions in agriculture are
heat good drainage, sufficient mois-
ture and thorough tilage; Fertilizers
are secondary. The time may come when
microbes of different breeds, suited to diff
ferent crops and soils, will be as stapleas
yeast is now; but time is money, and my
wife can, in ten minutes, put biscuits in
IL oven for supper, made with Royal Baking
Powder, which is composed of pure chem
icals, while raised biscuits made with
yeast require hours of preparation, and
the unneutralized acids they contain will
keep me dreaming ofperils all night, to
wake exhausted in the morning.
Many have land so rich in humus and
moisture that they can get present re-
suits most cheaply by applying ashes or
lime with strong growing crops that will
utilize the elements as fast as decom-
posed Others have mari and muck of
good quality in such combination with
land, labor and other materials, that
they can get results most economically
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-15
IINSEED MEAL!
A Fertilizer for Orange Trees and Vegetables.

NDMEAL J. past
~; 8; IS
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
COURTPROCEEDINGS.

The Court of General Sessions con
vened here OF Monday, Judge l. D
Witherspoon presiding: This being
the third term his Honor did moi
charge the grand jury upon their gen
eral duties, but confined himself te
explaining the oils upon which they
were to act.
The first case tried was the Stale rs.
Ike Bouknight, charged with resisting
an officer. Verdict-not guilty. Z. A,
Douglass for defence.
State cs. Jas. Shedd, charged with
larceny of live stock. Verdict-guilty,
with a recommendation to mercy.
W. D. Douglass for defence.
State rs. John Davis, charged with
adultery, was tried in his absence and
found guilty.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
.f41H PLAN OF SETTLEMENT.

Nessls. Editors: Iprop"sc the follow
ing articles of settlement between the
factions in the county, to wit:
l. Admit and recognize all clubs
recoenized and admitted bv the two
Conventions on August 2.
,. Unite on day for common
nrimary-the same being ordered by
both committees.
5. Adopt the rules and regulations
for the primary election Of 1883 r'th.
ont amendment for the government OF
said primary.
/. In the interim (between this date
and the dav for said primary as may
be agreed on) submit to diSInteresteo
parties outside Of the State the decision
Of the question who is the rightful ard
lawful County Chairman, Mr.. Ly!es OF
Capt. Gaillar'.
Under Article one every club exist
jiny or applying for admission "her
! the b, each first occurred would be de
clal ed lt gal, and the County Executive
Committee would stand Is to Is be-
tw ,he factions.
Article taco would only guarantee
primary for the acho7e party.
Article three, by adopting the rule
for Urinary OF 1888 acitAout amendme"
gives vantage ground to neither side
but accept the primary regulations o
:SS as good enough for 80.
Article four provides an honoraOl
method, alike honorable to both sides
fer ascertaining who is and should b
County Chairman.
If the decision is rendered on thl
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
n;anstpofunman Nature.

"I do not dream,' said William p.
Charming, "when I speak of the d.
vine capacities of human nature, 1t
was real page in which | read Of
patriots and martyrs-of Fenclon and
Howard, of Hamdcn and Washington" :"
The dignity of human nature should
make rs all guardians Of the vivifying
spark, even if the law of self-preser-
vation were not strongly implanted in
everyone's breast. This, then, is why,
especially in malarial districts, no
Americin home should be without a
bottle of DR.. Wcstmoreland's Calisaya
Tonic. In its formula are concen-
trated the revealed remedies that re-
search has discovered to the student
world of medicine. To the depressed,
enervated and debili.ated, and those
suffering from chronic ailments and
blood affections, it is the boon of the
age. 1t can be had from your drug
gist. Wholesale by MeMas.ef, Brice
& Ketchin.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

counties, there are red lands that pro-
duce cotton and corn well, especially
the latter. These lands average about
five dollars per acre.
This portion of the State is trayersed
by the Iron Mountains and cotton
belt railroads running into Texas from
st. Louis. With other roads connect
ing, and being projected, gread induce
ment is offered to, good settlers.
The lumber companies on these
roads are saving timber, shipping
lumber north and west, and. furnish
employment to many 1aborers.
Little Rock and Pine Bluff are the
chief cities. Hot Springs, a great
health resort, is growing rapidly, and
will soon be. q city -:Arkadelphia,
Camden, Hope, Magnolia, Prescott
and Fordyce are growing towns of
commerce and, manufacture. With
many. other small towns of thrift
coming to the front every year.
There is good opportunity in this
section, Tulip, and surrounding coun-
try, to secure good homes on ~reasonaz
BILE terms.
Good farmers can do well and
enjoy grand health. White settlers
are desired; they arein the ascendency,
and the white people desire addition
to their communities to strengthen
their church and; school interests.
There is q church ins almost. every
community, andsa groKing interest is
manifested irt iir .essae 1ssf.hfe Ss1f.he he. e.
Church South have trsinfng schools in
several towns A college has just
opened in Arkadelphi.., Hendrix Col
lege at Conway, Galloway Female
College at Searcy, and many other
schools in the northern portion Of the
State. -
The Baptists have co-educational
college at Arkadelphia. So, schools
and churches abound.
Plenty Of finnv tribe can be found
in the rivers and lakes: Deer and
wild turkeys plentiful. Any one de-
string home can be suited in quality
of land, price and location.
:, :. j w. JONES.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
IN INTERESTING DESCRIPTION

Of u Portion OF Arkansas from the Fen OF
an Old Correspondent of The News and
Herald.
TULIP, ARK, September 10, $780,
AS 1 have been requested by several
persons to give them description of
this portion of Arkansas, ask for a
small place in your columns.
I have been here only short time,
and know really very little of the
country. This description was from
Rev. Mr.. Matthews, an old resident of
this place.
From the Arkansas River, the State
is traYersed on the east by the Missis-
sippi River, with White River rum
ming into the Arkansas. Then Sabine,
small river running into Onchita:
which empties into Red River that
flows on the west and south; this with
several small tributaries empties into
the Mississippi.
There are rich alluvial lands in the
bottoms, or second bottom lands,
Welding under favorable circum-
stances one bale or more of cotton to
the acre, and from fifty to sixty bushels
of corn to the acre. Cattle and hogs
are easily raised in these sections with
but little food in winter but it requires
considerable attention to save them
from oyerhows.
Malaria prevails in these sections
during the summer and fall months
These lands may be found in White,
Arkansas, jefferson, Chico, Lincoln;
Ashley, Miller, Hampstead and Little
River Counties. In Clark and Hemp
stead Counties, there are Black lands
that are almost as productive as the
bottoms of Mississippi and Red Rivers
These lands under cultivation art
worth from three to ten dollars pei
acre, according to location.
The section in which 1 am, Dallas
County, with Hot Springs County OF
the north, and Grant on the east, con
tain higher lands-sail sandy ane
gravel, called poor, water good, healtl
GOOD. This land can be purchased q
prices ranging from one to five dollar
per acre according to location ant
improvement. With good manage
ment, it will yield one half bale o
cotton or twenty five bushels of cor
Der acre. It is susceptible of improve
ment by good tillage. Good farmer
} are needed. Fruit does well here
Almost every variety of crops can b
raised in this section.
, Tn Cleveland. Bradley and Sevie
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
ANNOUA CEMENTS.
FOR REPRESENTATIVE.

The many friends Of the Hon. T. S.
BRICE recognizing hi; worth and qualif-
cation nominate him for the lower house
of the General Assembly,, subject to the
action of the Democratic party.
MANY FRIENDS.
Nessrs. Editors: Please announce that
I am candidate for seat in the House
of Representatives, subject to the Demo.
cratic primary election.
JNO. D, HARRISON.
desire to announce that I am candi-
date for reelection to the House of Repre-
sentatives: subject to the action of the
Democratic primary.
THOS. 3. McKINSTRY.
I hereby announce myself a candidate
for the Democratic nomination to the
House of Representatives, and pledge my
self TO abide the action Of the Democratic
primaries.
JAMES ". HAWAIIAN.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

Competitive EXAMINATION. -lhe
examination of applicants for the two
beneficiary Cadetships in the S. e.
n A. was held on last Thursday, the
BOARD of Examiners consisting OF
s D. Dunn, Dr.. J. c. Buchanan
and w. D. Douglass. Seven young
mca applied. The board announced
on Saturday morning that Messrs'
R;chard McMaster and Fletcher lin
naut were the successful applicants
making an average Of SO and 50 re-
nec:ively. The examination was con.
anc,ed so that the examiners Woulo
,ot know tre nax.e Of the applicant il
examining his paper. Each appilcan
drew number out ofs hat and wrote
his namc and number on a slip O
napo., only signing his number to th'
examination paper. AS an encourage
mcnt to the young gentleman who's
nnmber was 5, we will state that n
made an average of 80, and had thlr'
to the best pepers and placed his mum
her and name in 4 soiled envelop
which was delivered to School, Com
missioner Duke.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
Enpepsy.

Thisis what you ought to have, in fact.
you must have it, to fully enjoy life: Thou;
sands are sealehng tSo tor ord i + dayT T6on ana
sands upon thousands of dollars are spent
annually by our people in the nope that y
they may attain this boon. Ana yeI IL IL
may be had by all, we guarantee tlat n:
Electric Bitters, if used according TO al, ai1
rections and the: use persisted IN, VII WIZ
bring you Good Digestion and oust TN 5he
lemon Dyspepsia and install lnstead Eu-
pepsy. We recommend Electric gitteIs
for Dyspepsia and ali diseases OF Liver,
Stomach and Kidneys Sold at 50c.. and
ST per bottle by McMaster, Brlce, &
Ketchin, Druggists:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

question before the primary (and there
is no reason why it should not beg all
differences will be settled before the
time arrives for the canvassing of the
votes by the Executive Committee.
1 have been charged with being
among the bitterest and most rabid. l
desire in refutation Of il to place lAy-
self on record as favoring any honora-
bic adjustment. of our differences.
Will the gentlemen of the two conf
mittecs agree to the foregoing?
CHAs. A. DOUGLASS.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

prpsoSAL.-DG. David Aiken re-
turned from Linco:nton, n. w. on
Monday.
judge /. d. Wi;herspoon arrived on
Saturday.
s,enographer II. I. McCaw is }"
attendance on the Court.
Misses Lila Kctchin and NanNse
Cummings returned from Rock hHi
on Saturday. >,
Miss Alma Williams and Mrs. j. Ii.
LyBrana, of Columbia, came up on a
short visit on Monday
Hon. Giles j. Patterson, or Inc
Chester bar, is in tewn on professional
business. :.
Mr.. Jas. Pope is visiting relatives IN
town.
Rev. and Mrs. J. r. McAlpine are
visiting Mr..and Mrs. II. L. Elliott.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
CROP REPORT.
FEASTERYILLE.

September s. The daily showers
that have fallen the past week has
retarded farm work. Cotton is being
injured some where it has size with a
heavy foliage. No doubt the corn will
be injured if it remains warm and
continues to rain. Good stands of
turnips. Peas promising.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
JESKINSVILLE.

September -. Numerous showers
Of rain retard the progress of picking
cotton, which is opening quite rapidly.
TIE crop will be the best since 1882 in
this Immediate vicinity.
Corn not near so COOL as last year
bus the pea crop promises to make up
in part for the slim corn yield.
Gardens and potatoes were never
better.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
ANEGRo AND Two MULES DRoWSE

ANEGRo AND two MULES DROWNED.
Ben Stevenson, colored farmer
living near Ridgeway, was going home
on Saturday night with his wagon ana
two mules, and attempted TO cross
what is called Hunters Greek, which
in the summer time usually dries up.
lie and his mules were drowned
Trial Justice Mcares held the inquest
and The jury rendered verdict in &C
cordauce with the above facts. Ihe
negro left RidgeMay with twenty ooi-
lars in his pocket, end when he was
found lie had no money
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
REPUBLICAN CoHTENTION.

The First in Six Years---The Old Hand!
Run the Machine But Not Without
! Some Kicking by the Younger Element.
On Saturday September II thu
Republican Convention met in the
Court House.
The canary-colored Byrd, the Lieu
| tenant of Brayton, called the Conven'
| ton to order or rather disorder at 1:
O'Clock sharp. The proceedings were
opened With prayer by one Boulware,
In his prayer he prayed that God
would promote the cause of the people
we suppose he meant the ''majority'' as
these terms are sometimes thought to
be synonymous.
After prayer I. S. Byrd was made
temporary chairman. Byrd said that
there was no use for him 10 make q
speech as speaking enough had been
done in South Carolina to convince
every body Of the situation. G. S.
Beatty was then elected secretary.
Byrd then read the call from E. NJ.
Brayton for q convention to be held in
Columbia on the 18th of September
for the purpose of nominating a full
State ticket and also candidates for
Congress from the different districts.
The roll Of the different precincts was
called. Seven were found to be present
and four absent. Byrd said he had
notified two of those precincts absent
but the others had not been notified.
A committee on credentials was
then appointed; the committee not
being able to obtain admission to one
of the jury rooms stepped out OH the
porch of the Court House and returned
before you could say Jack Robinson
and reported that allwas well. Every
body entitled to their seats.
The next business was the election
of a permanent chairman. After
discussion and great deal of parlia-
mentary practice that is not to be
found in the books, I. S. Byrd was
declared elected chairman and G. S.
Beatty secretcry. But it was upon the
matter Of electing delegates which
was taken up Immediately after the
election of chairman and secretary
that the real fun began.
Byrd asked with becoming modesty
how shall the three delegates to the
State Convention be elected? 1t was
suggested by some one that the first
thing in order would be nominations.
There being no objection to this they
proceeded to make the following nomi-
nations: A. T. Stewart, Richard
Boulware, E. P. H. Robinson, Ike
Miller, 1: S. Byrd, and n. Fl. Ford.
After these hs1- heen dominated the the
anoSminatssfis were closed by a vote,
A motion was made to elect by ayes
and nayes. One of the old s'Ring-
sters" not liking this modus moved
that committee, to consist of one
from each precinct, be appointed who
should select the three who should be
declared the delegates by the vote OF
the Convention.
A scene of confusion followed and
it was some time before the vote was
actually taken resulting in the choice
of three delegates; Andy Stewart,
Isreal Byrd and S. o. Nelson.
Six delegates were elected to the
Congress sional Convention, Byrd was
reelected chairman and the Conven-
ton went into secret session.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

local Briefs. -
On Saturday the bank paid Oh
for cotton s93O5,G2.
Mrs. j. A. Hinnant has our thank;
for waiter of handsome dahlias in
cludinS many varieties.
p 55 inches Of rain fell i'll Wins
boro from Saturday night to Sunday
night or 100000 gallons to each acre
of ground.
-Tha ladies of the Methodist Church
will serve dinner to-day one door wes1
OF the postofice. Also ice cream ir
the af,ereoon.
-MesSrs. J. N. Beatty Il Bro, have
been fortunate in securing the ser
/. vices in their store of Misses Mary
Rowe and Matte Beatty.
The citizens of Spartanburg vii.
give 4 grand ball on evening Of 25tl
September at the Opera House, com
plimentarv to her visitors.
The a. r. P. Benevolent Society
will serve ice cream in the store next
to Mrs. Sarah Ca.hcart's to-day from
5 O'Clock p. m. to Sp. m. The public
are invited.
1t will be seen by reference to oul
White Oak items that The cannery has
shipped its first goods and it is the
--ssfs aasss. sLipment of manufactured goods
from Fairfield County.
H. Landecker having returned
from New York announces to-day that
his mammoth stock will be ready for
inspection in few days. Every de-
partment is fall but especially his
Dress goods aud clothing, and all at
real racket prices.
%. D. Williford & Go. announce
their fall stock to be "Brilliant, Boom
ing. Bustling and Buoyant," and they
want everybody to come and see for
themselves. They explain how they
have achieved success. Read their
new advertisement, the size of which
has been increased TO suit their fall
stock.
The Grand Millinery Opening, the
first of this season, at @. D. Williford
& Co.'S, will take place tomorrow.
Great care has been taken in the Sc
lection of an artistic who will study to
please the ladies Of Winusboro and
Fairfield. A parlor, perfect little
gem, has been fitted up and ladies are
respectfully invited to call and see
pretty things. Whether you purchase
or not be sure to call early and often.
T,1r WATER SCPPLY.--The follow
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
MANY FRIENDS.
FOR JURY COMMISSIONER.

1 hereby announce myself candidate
for tho office of Jury Commissioner, sub
ject to the action of the Democratic party.
\ 3. HAWLEY ROBERTSON.
iNessrs. Editors: Please announce that I
am acandidate for reelection to the office
OF Jury Commissioner, subject to the ac-
ton of the Democratic primaries.
W. A. SMITH.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
KIELGERS APPOINTED.

The following managers have been
appointed for the Congressional pri'
mary on the 23rd inst. and will call or
me in WinHsboro On the 10Th inst. fol
boxes, blanks and tickets:
Ridgeuoy-E. G. Palmer, r D.
Bolick, j. S. Edmuuds.
Blwhepood-S. E. Wooten, W. W.
Haigood, r. D. Jones.
Bear Ctek-lI. L. Baxter, Thos. W
Sigh, J. E. Flanagan.
HoreJ-W. B. Murray, j. W. Clarke.
Thos. Anderson.
-Nonticelo-A. B. Rabb, j. w
Powell, j. NJ. Hirklaul.
FeastcrciUe-M. D. G. Colvin, W. B,
Estes, J. G. Wolling.
UIoodwmd-S. II. Terrace, Il. W.
Brice, john W. Bankhead.
Gladden's Gyore-M. II. Mobley,
j. NJ. Higgins, Daniel Hall.
HtaNSGoro-Robt. Pbllnp', Is. L.
Lennon, J. D. McCarley.
DurAam's-Benj. Cassells;P. c. Mel
lichamp, D. II. Robertson.
JOHN w. LYLES,
County Chairman.
BOTH WILLING TO RESIGN.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
NOTICE.

THE Union Republican Patty Of Fair,
field County is hereby notified to call
a mass meeting in each Precinct and
e)ect Precinct Casirmen: and tie said
Precinct Chairmen are further notihed TO
osat in executive session III Winnshoro,
s. C., Saturday 9th. inst, at II :: NJ:
County Chairman.
FIG. You've, Secretary. 9-lo
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

FOR COUNTY YcoHMISSIONEE.
The many friends Of ". DRls. HOGAN
nominatehim for the, Office Of County
Commissioner, subject to the Democratic
primary election.
MANY FRIENDS.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
Observation-Disclosures.

I hereby announce myself candidate
for re appointment to the Office of Super
visor of Registration, subject to the action
of the D, .i!,cratic primaries.
JAMES PAGAN.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

The WATER SUPPLY.--The follow
ingis the report of the policeman on
the water supply measurements taken
:on Monday morning:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16
FOR COUNTY COMMISSIONER.

We hereby nominate Mr.. JOHN A
STEWART as a candidate for reelection
to the office Of County Commissioner, sub
ject to the action of the Democratic pri-
mary.
MANY FRIENDS.
I hereby announce myself a candidate
for reelection to the Office of County
Commissioner, subject to the action of the
Democratic primaries.
4 J. S. CATHCART, SR.
Iherebyannounce myself candidate for
reelection to the office of County CoElnis-
sioner, subject to the action of the Demo-
cratic primaries.
< JOHN HOLLIS.
l hereby announce myself 4 candidate
for the Office of County Commissioner,
subject to the action of the Democratic
primaries. x,,,,n,>,,,n
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1890-09-16

held Comfy /: Tlsh IN my 1eeole
way to do justice to true patriot,sm'
that our young men may proht by
snch an example of unselish devotion
to the county and principle.
When approached the chairmen OF
the opposing factions, in the Demo
cratic party of Fairfield County, it was
with serious m.sgivings as to the sue.
cess of my efforts towards barlnoniz-
ing them, and had they not been men
who had worn "the grey" l doubt
very m uch il would have had the
temcritv to make the attempt. But
how eranGly, how nobly I was re-
warded, is no longer my secret, but
becomes the common heritage OF the
Gallant men of Fairfield County and
lone after the heart that is prompted
70 make this acknowledgment snail
have ceased 10 throb with patriotic
emotions and been consigned to lis
lA.t esting place, the names OF John
". Lyles aud Ii. a. Gaiilard Will oe
remembered as The best and truest
type Of chivalric manhood.
With that same spirit which .promp'
ted them to think only of duly to
country in 60 they responded WIN
ore voice. II am willing 10 resign to
tde people that which is u great honor,
title sacrifice acill bring the Democracy
Of Faiiyfc1d Comfy together" .r,
Conspicuous as veterans OF "lhe
lost cause" what grand record have
these two citizen soldiers made III tine
of peace. CEDah i"hH