Morning journal and courier., 1890-07-12

important and excessive activities. For c half mile along West street, facing the | confusion, but in reality wonderful discipline | and order, in the handling of incoming and | outgoing ocean freight. The hotels, chop | houses, ealoons, telegraph offices and whsryes
 are open night and day. There is no dimi- | mutton of din, traffic and apparent hopeless | confusion the whole night long. rras AS M the s saiiing G hour approaches the great
 to lighter vehicles. These, laden with bon
 bons, fruits and flowers, gifts to departing |
 friends, look bright and pretty; but they are |
 shortly displaced by as handsome a show of |
 carriages as you will see on the sunniest day I
 in Central park. If your steamer sails on a |
 bright afternoon you may count more than |
 enc thousand of these. They bring depart
 ing passengers and host of friends to vish
 them we'll. By this time all the decks are
 crowded by excited, laughing children. Ev-
 erybody smiles, even if here and there c
 heart is breaking One can barely hear his |
 own voice for the din. Every ships officer |
 and steward Is in his brightest uniform.
 The 'longshoremen with wild yells and exci-
 ted cursiDgs are slowing away driblets of
 over late freight. Supplementary United
 States mails, without which your vessel can not sail, are flung wildly on board. Sudden
 ly the gong beats below. "All ashore, going
 ashorep shout the stewards. It is knsll to
 merriment. Faces lengthen. A tremor is
 in the voice. You can hardly zee your
 friends faces now. Then the embraces, the
 hand grasps, the lip pressures leal and true ah, some of them the last precious earthly message of heart and eoul to soul and hesrti The captain on the bridge mods his head. Away go the forward lines. Then his hand pulls a stout cord. The fog horn roars and bellows, and the gang blanks are cleared | from the ship. Another nod from the cap | tain and away the aft lines go. The great | vessel slips back into the stream, her prov | and stern seeming to reach half scroes the Hudson. One cannot call back there to the pier if he would. The throat is too full and | your heart hurts you so. Your eyes can
 make no ones face out clearly Halt e | thousand ashore have pressed forward to the bulkheads. You can only zee mass of | moving color, waving scarfs and hsndker- | chiefs, and some who are reaching far and | farther out, as if they must come to where | you are. In a moment more you turn away | hesrtsick from it all. Shortly the pilot is discharged at Sandy Hook light ship; and before you get through revolving wild and fanciful plans of escape the Highlands are hsttsniDg down upon the western horizon, | and the great steamship is racing in her course acroes the sea.
 1 After one's steamer Is well out of sight of | land your eyes begin to open to the fact that you are shut in upon the sea with an extra ordinary compact mass of humanity. Think of little city of two thousand souls within lesa than the cubic space comprised In the dimensions of say five hundred feet in | length, fifty feet in width and forty feet in | deptbi
 And yet you are but one individual of the great number thus strangely environed. ln- deed great ocean steamer Is c large little
 world full of most interesting objects and &C.,
 tivities. To begin with, going either way | during the 'sseason" there is likely to be six
 hundred cabin passengers. The ''steersges"
 and "intermediatss" will together average
 one thousand each way, the "steerages" im-
 menssly preponderating towards New York,
 | and the ''intermediates" crowding the sec-
 ond cabins to overhowing on the passage to
 | Liverpool. There are sixteen hundred in
 these three classes. Besides these, the crew } numbers more officers, men and women. , than comprise a regular army regiment and
 | the legitimate attaches of @ post. There Ii
 | the castain, or commander, and his righ | hand man, the chief officer. From six tt eigtt deck officers, ranking as firss. seeont | and third officers, are provided to assist ii
 | the navigation of the ship, and three of thee
 under officers are on deck day and night Those who may be properly called sssmei = | among the crew are the bossswain, boat r swain's mate and from thirty six to fort
 sailors. From twelve to fourteen of thes
 | are called qusrtermasters who are detaile'
 | to steer the ship, stand lookout, and, as mas Q ters at arms, act as a sort of ship board DO n lice sorsd These sailors also .,cluds tw
 1 ships carpenters, who are Triggers, plumber and boiler makers ss we'll, and who mus r hold themselves in readiness for labor al al . hours of the day and night. In charge O , | the engines and machinery are a chief engi
 | neer and from twenty-five to thirty assistan !. | engineers, five or six electricians, three o r four dorkeymen; thirty to thirty-fys hea r 6remen, and fifty 10 sixty common hremsr h | The latter shovel coal into the furnsces, an - their work in hot weather is something feal t fui. The head fireuen are called "greasers r and they oil and clean the machinery; whil l. the donkeymsn are foremen in charge of th - boilers In this oless there are also from six e ty to seventy trimmers who shovel the col t from the bunkers into the stoke hole -- what might be termed the hotel depsrtmeu I. of the steamship there are from one hun 1t dred and fifty to two hundred people eu L. ployed. There will be a purser, or account |. | ant and paymaster, with one or two assist l. ants; a surseon-a -ealy medical scho' ,t graduate whose employment is an insnlt Y Intelligent people of standing, and col l. | stant menace 10 the health of American ar !, | BrI' ish ports-aad an assistant; a first sr ss | second steward, and 6 chief stewsrdes | | Under their supervision about one hundrs ,e and fifty people arc distributed according ,e tue exegencies of the trip. There are fol ,e stewardesses for the first cabin, two in tl ,h second, and one, an individual who cou is out blackguard a Galway fish wife, for 6 of gression and defense iu the steersge. The d. | are from thirty to fifty first cabin steward eff or table walters. About twenty are stat i- | room stewards. There will be eight or t D. | deck stewards and porters; half dozen Q t. | required to wait on the officers and in t he mess rooms there will be as many bell bo he | or "boo.s," all lads in their teens, usual at pretty nice little fellows from Birkenhead st other coastwise suburbs of Liverpool. Tn 1t. in connection with the cuisine deparime at there will be twelve to fourteen cooks. t ,w or twelve pantrymen, three or four "hes ad ersn or butchers, four bakers, two barteD he ere, five or six keepers of ships stores, and s ships printer who prepares three menu car in | daily. That stately monarch of men, al s nd | the ships barber, must not be forgotten; nd | who slaves you for a quarter, cells , h. pointers on the ships daily run. insists up 1st your purchase of deck shoes. hats, caps . an other uncsnpy devices, and at last conft led to you, under favor of fiusl generous e ,n tribution, the names of the only hotels in ma Europe that "sny sure enough AmeriC ,p. I ge'mmen would be caught dead at."
 ice When one begins to realise that he is ol by A two tboussndth part of the total aggreg
 humanity housed between decks upon ( ,n- of the great Atlantic liners, the matter "A what is required to provide for the needs st. the great steamship itself and those o SIX small clty UT HUH h hcck Inc s.possible.two or three weeks voyage, in
 In event of accident, is really worth an inquI i've How many people ever thought of the .
 to pendous quantities of, and expenditure the the two items of fresh water and coal ich quired for one voyage, and then of their i've gregate for & whole years service. An ,m- tire interesting article might be written sr- the men aud craft engaged in the ocean s srs ply of fresh water iu New York har alt alone. There are owned in New York c ills, Jersey City aud Brooklyn ten large ste per vessels constantly and solely employed nn- this service. Each of these carries from
 on GOO to 25,000 gallons of water. Besi on. there is fleet of from twenty-five to tbi nod single mssted sailing craft in the same tr rcd fc. The water is purchased from the th ood cities at an average price of fifty cents ,sle one hundred cubic feet (sbout seven h' ve- dred callons) and is sold to sailing vessels Ink one cent per gallon, and to steam ships
 in whatever eau be got-msny of the capta erv pocketing one-h half of the total bills in inc bates-but ope-fourth of cent per gall ies. is usually secured. Oatgoing vessels "sto' , to with from 200 to ,500 gallons, and the gr eo. steamers each take on 1000 to 50, 900 { ,ns' lons Many of the ocean leviathans l, ied with 5000 to $500 tons of coal for e urn trip Averaging twenty. six crossing the year, the annual power required by