davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

It lie not an uncommon thing to find
persons trying to sell what they term
rare variety of seed wheat, claiming that
the boosted excellency has been secured
by artificial Decentralization. The
Dayton Farmers Home says humbug-
ging will exist in a very large majority
of these cases. By cross-fertilizstion or
bybridization, is meant mingling one
variety with that of another; or, in
other words, inoculating or grating.
Many kinds of grain and vegetables will
readily mix when sown or planted near
each other; but this is not the case with
wheat. Anyone may mix a dozen or
more kinds of wheat together and SOW
them promiscuously on piece of
ground. At harvest time each grain
will be found TO have produced head of
its own kind, and not once in ten million
times will they hybridize or mix. But
this does sometimes happen and in this
way have some of our most popular and
productive kinds originated, such as the
Fultz, Clawson, Fulcaster, Valley,
Martin. Amber, etc. Neither of
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

edge faithfully, who make it successful,
and it is natural that their profits
should be liberal. Still no fair
minded man need question the fact
that some men do find it profitable.
Nevertheless, any one who contem-
plates going into this business should
make up his mind to do nothing else for
at least six months in the year when the
chickens are demanding most attention.
Indeed, most of the failures are the re-
suit of neglect rather than tgnorance;
the young things need constant attention
four or five times each day and seven
days each week till they are sold and the
money in your pocket.
Artificial poultry production is trade
that must be learned, not jumped iuto,
hence the PlOwma1 advises that any one
contem plating q trial of the busin ess
should go and work for somebody who
has made it success, for a year or two,
and then begin on moderate scale al
first
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
Smut in Wheat.

1t is now being quite generally be-
lieved that bluestone will prevent smut
in wheat if the seed be treated with
it. Mr.. John Hertzler of Huntsville,
Ala. publishes his method of making
the application. He uses ten pounds of
bluestone to 100 bushels of seed wheat.
Have q barrel of water; put in one fourth
of the bluestone, stir it until water is
blue; place twenty or twenty five BUSH
els of wheat on tight floor, sprinkle the
blue water all over it; shovel it about
and pour on more water until it is all
wet. Keep shoveling it up as high as
possible and it will soon take it all up and
be. dry enough to SOW by hand or drill.
In this way all the bluestone necessary
will go with the seed wheat, and it will
not at all injure the hands in handling,
even if the wheat be sown by hand in the
old way.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

Is the live oak we have in Texas tree
of precisely the same species as the live
oak growing along the gulf of Mexico,
east of the Mississippi river? Some say
1t is the same and some say it is not. We
refer the case to you. c. ECHOLS.
San Marcos, Tex.
The live oak of the Eastern gulf shore
is put down in the books as Quercus
virens, and no other species is recOg-
nized. though few botanists have had
the back bone to contend for 81 variety or
two, one in South Florida, one "a
dwarf in California, and so on.
So, then, we must swallow the Texas
live oak as being the same as the Eastern
gulf coast live oak yet this writer must
confess that for him it is rather hard
pill to get down. We are not at all in
favor of g multiplication of species, Tor
botany is becoming unwieldy enough,
as it is, but we do feel that
there is just as much diff
ference between the eastern gulf shore
live oak and the Texas live oak US there
is between post oak and white OAK, and
these, as all know, are classed in differ
ent species.
The live oak of the eastern gulf coast
Is cohuueu 10 the lo"lduus 4ulLueul1lelE
adjacent the shore. 1t is never found IN
highlands nor more than twenty miles
inland from tide water. The Texas live
oak seems to take no particular interest
in the sea. Five hundred miles inland
from the gulf suits it as well as any
where else, and a mountain plateau
l 900 feet above sea level is its very par
adise.
But, as yet, our Texas live oak must
be Quercus virens. Not far in the future
there will be q polishing up of the old
textbooks, and then, to an almost GER
tainty, we will find our live oak under
some other specific name.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
Pecan Culture for Texas.

DIR. A. NJ. Ragland of Pilot Point,
Tex. says through the horticultural it
is popularity of the human race to be
always reaching out for something new or
untried, and fruit growers are i'll no way
exempt from this longing after novelties.
Many are ready to pay 81 to So for new
foreign pears, grapes, persimmons, ETC.,
overlooking some OF the most valuable
trees for money making crops. because
they are so common, you know Be
longing to this class of trees that have
largely escaped the notice of market fruit
growers are nut bearing trees, such as
pecans, walnuts, etc. Texas, and
especially the western and northwestern
portions of Texas, may be put down as
the natural home of the pecan. In many
counties thousands of trees growing wild
mature annually large crops of nuts
which are gathered for home consump-
ton and for market. In some of our
West Texas towns they cut an important
figure in the traffic of the places.
The pecan tree yields one of the most
toothsome and most popular nuts on any
market. 1t is a nut that always sells.
Then, in the face of these facts. why
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
The Stolen Nest,

Nearly every farmer IN his experience
with poultry, says the Southern Ccltiva-
tor, can reoite the fact of a hen going
away to the woods and stealing her nest
to return, Latter many days. with q
big brood of chickens. There is no ques
ton about it, hens running at large show
a greater fertility in the eggs, aud the
chicks are more vigorous in consequence
of the concealed nest under the bushes.
Exposed for three or four weeks in the
open air, subject to the many changes
of climate, and warmed up every time
the hen adds another egg to the lot
with ell these changes, strange to say,
nearly every one of these eggs produces
q healthy and vigorous chick. 1t be-
comes question, whether we are using
the best method when we carefully col
lect them every day and put them one
end upwards in partitIoned box or in
bran.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
SCIENTIFIC.

Two Planets Located-Consumption Cura-
able-stamping Out Smallpox, Etc.
The present week, if the weather
chances to be clear, will afford US an OPP
portunity of Witnessing the conjunction
of two important planets with the moon.
This evening (2lsD the planet Mars and
the moon will be III conjunction. The
moon is running far north at present,
consequently the planet will be several
degrees to southwark, but it will be the
only conspicuous star in that neighbour
hood; but even were this otherwise, Mars
could be easily picked out on account OF
his reddish appearance. There Is no
other star in the heavens SO red as the
planet Mars.
AT present Mars is gradually moving to
eastward He is the first planet outside
the EARTH orbit, being 40 900, 900 miles
from the sun, or So, 900, 200 miles further
than the earth. He is the smallest but
one (Mercuryl of al the certainly known
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
On the Origin of Soils.

DR.. May Rev says If we dig through
the upper crust OF the earth at point
where rocks are not directly exposed
upon the surface we pass through a soil
and subsoil until We come to the more or
less solid rock. Few rocks when exposed
TO the cir and especially TO moisture re-
tain all their hardness. For the most
part they crumble. Vegetation springs
up and slowly soil is formed. Now
the biologists discovers that these rocks
are all of them either sandstone, lime
stone, or argillaceous rocks or shale.
Consequently the general proposition
must hold good. namely that soil is de-
rived from the decay of the solid rocks.
The crust of the earth is made up Of the
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

What do you think of the poultry bust
ness for Texas, conducted strictly on the
latest known artificial methods? Have
you lots of faith in this incubator BUSH
ness? JOHN OWEN.
Sherman, Tex.
Personally we have never had any ex-
perience with the incubator business in
poultry production, consequently we
have never been able TO build up very
strong faith in the system, from our own
experience. 1t Is probably all well
enough as a system, but like most things
of the kind great deal depends upon
the man in charge. According to the
editor of the Massachusetts Ploughman,
the business is by no means sure source
of profit; 1t is only those who thoroughly
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
Worm for Identification.

In the box enclosed l send you worm
which is quite stranger to the people
here. Being DESTROYS of knowing what it is
I send it to you, away over in Texas, for
identification. JAMES p. ROGERS.
Portland, Ala.
The worm sent US did not reach US as q
worm, but as a chrysalis-a very pretty
one, By the way. 1t had undergone its
transformation en- route. We cannot
tell exactly what it is, by the chrysalis,
but think it must be something rather
closely related to the ordinary cabbage
worm. The chrysalIs will be carefully
kept till it changes to the moth state,
and very soon after that event you will
find in THE GAZETTE an article telling
all about what manner of insect is inter-
esting you.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

This department is devoted TO answering such
questions as may be asked by subscribers,
watch may be of general information. Inquiries
of personal character that require answer by
mail should always have stamps inclosed. Please
give full name and postoffice address, in addi-
ton to any such signature as Subscriber" or
ga. G. D.. - not for publication, but to enable
US to communicate promptly with the inquirer.
Parties desiring answers by mail must inclose
stamp for return postage.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
How to Send Insects

A box by to-day's mail will bring you
four caterpilIars. of four different kinds,
that are putting in an appearance down
here in considerable numbers. The lar
gest took from my egg plants; the one
with black stripes on the sides is working
on our butter beans; the small green
worm | took from q head of cabbage and
the woody worm don't seem to be very
particular as to what it feeds upon-I
find it everywhere. 1 hope the speci-
mems will reach you In good condition as
many people here are interested. l did
not know how to fix food and water to be
used by them in their journey, but l
opened the box well, as you will see, to
give them fresh air.
MRS. MARY GRICE,
Brownsville, Texas.
Your insects reached us simply as
mingled mass entirely understandable as
to component parts. If you will try it
again, on q plan somewhat different, we
NAV be able to attend to your wants in
full.
l. Never put two insects together in
the same box, no matter whether of the
same species or otherwise.
9. Never attempt to provide food or
water for the insects while in transit
they VIII not need it, and they would not
use it if they did.
3. Never leave openings in the box for
the insects to get fresh air through. They
don't need any fresh air. More speci-
mems are lost from openings being made
in the mailing box than from any other
cause. Seal the box or bottle as nearly
afr-tlght as you can, if you wish your
insect to get through alive.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

Since it has been settled among scien-
fists that consumption is due to bacilli
the opinion seems to be rapidly gaining
ground that the disease might be stamped
out, as we say. Heretofore consumption
has been regarded as entirely incurable,
but in late series of experiments DR..
Coch found that certain bodies, such as
volatile oils, and certain metallic salts,
such as nitrate OF silver and preparations
of gold, even in very small doses Gone to
/ 900 900, and even Less, destroy the
bacllli of consumption in a very short
time He therefore concludes that in
the course of time some drug may be
discovered that will cure the disease by
destroying the bacilli without injury to
the body.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

Germany is the only country in the
world that makes vaccination for small
poX compulsory, and provides for q gen.
eral vaccination at stated periods. As
result smallpox is rapidly disappearing,
d recent report giving the deaths for the
whole empire as only 1871 in 1886, 1863 III
1887, and 10 in 1888. OF the deaths in
1888, about four-ffths occurred in parts
of the empire Immediately bordering
countries not protected by vaccination.
Comparing the deaths of the larger cities
with those of cities in other countries,
the death rate from smallpox was l56
times as great in Austria, thirty times as
great in Hungary, sixteen times as great
in England, twenty-four times as great
in Belgium, and twice as great in Switz-
erland.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
Sending Plant Specimens.

1 see by a late writing in THE GAZETTE
that persons sending you plant specimens
for Identification should send you all
parts of the plant. Should the plants be
pressed on card board on the plan re-
sorted TO By botanists?
Miss a. WEBER.
San Antonio, Tex.
Where all parts of the plant can be had
at the same time in the green state no
pressing is necessary, but in case it is
necessary to keep parts over for some
length of time to wait for other parts,
it is best to press and dry them on cards
in the usual way. 1t is not always neo-
essary to send all parts of plant to US
for identification, for it might be g plant
with which we were familiar; but should
it be strange plant, requiring regular
analysis for determination, all parts will
be absolutely necessary.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

regular planets. his diam eter being only
1000 miles-3900 miles smaller than that
of the earth.
On Wednesday evening (2th) the
moon will be in conjunction with the
planet Jupiter, thus enabling our young
folks TO locate the greatest planet in our
solar system. Jupiter is now very bril-
liant, fact that has caused certain ig-
noramuses to point him out as rare
visitatlon-"t the Star OF Bethlehem. -
TO appear regularly at periods 100 years
apart Nonsense. There is no such Pc
riodical visitor known to astronomers.
The orbit of Jupiter is next outside
the orbit of Mars. Distance of the
planet from the sun, 476 900 900 miles.
Size of the planet, sc 600 miles in dame
ter-almost Us large as would be all the
other planets could they be rolled to-
gether INTO u single sphere.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

NJ. AdametZ, the noted scientist, es-
Inmates that $50 grammes (about three
fourths of pound) of cheese may con-
tain as many living organisms as there
are inhabitants upon the earth. In
soft French cheese when fresh, he found
from 80, 900 to 40 200 microbes per
gramme; and in similar cheese seventy
one days old there were $780,
600 bacteria per gramme.
denser soft cheese contalnedl POO,
600 microbes per gramme when
twenty-five days old, and , ,OO0, 900 when
forty-five days old. The center is the
least densely inhabited, as many as
600 900 to 5000 900 organisms per
gramme having been found near the pc
riphery of soft cheese.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21

The average level of the solid earth
has been calculated by DR.. John Murray
to be 400 fathoms below mean sea-level;
but more recent explorations show
greater ocean depths, according to DR..
II. r. Mill, and mean sphere-level at a
depth of 100 fathoms. That is, all the
land above the level of 100 fathoms be-
meath the sea would have to be filled into
the greater depths in order to give equal
height 10 all parts of the solid earth
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21


Commander Defforges has made a
long series of observations on the pendu-
lum in the hope of more accurately de-
terminlng the figure of the earth. In
paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
the other dav he referred to the import
auce OF the work as affecting the units
used for all astronomical measurements,
and mentioned that great differences ex-
ist in the pendulum determinations OF
the force of gravity thus far made. One
of the chief causes of these differences
he believes to be vibrations of the sup
port from which the pendulum is hung.
In order to determine the small motlous
OF the support, he has lens attached to
it and another to fixed object at Its
side. On bringing the lenses close to-
gether so that Newtou's rings could be
observed in the film of air between them.
q very small motion of the support
caused q considerable oscillation OF the
rings. In this way he could detect the
motion produced in the support by
person walking up mountain 5OO yards
away.
During the past three years Mr.. II. Fol
has been making excursions into region
little frequented by man-that. lying be-
meath the surface OF the MeuIteIFduedH-
and has gained a larger experience of
subaqueous existence than any other per-
son has enjoyed. After short time his
diving dress became not at all Disagree
able, though he found It advisable not to
continue a 'dive' beyond about quar-
ter of an hour. He found a charm in
the unfamiliar sights in the sea, and was
able to make unexpectedly good natural
history collections. He declares that the
notion of walking upright is false one,
as it is necessary to incline the body for
ward at least forty-five degrees. After
the first few yards down, all the light is
so blue that even red objects cease to
appear red. The limits of vision are
greatly shortened, and at a depth of 100
feet j. is possible to see in horizontal
direction only about twenty-five feet IN
der clouded sky TO perhaps eighty feet
under the most favorable conditions.
This difficulty of seeing thr ough the water
is mentioned as likely to prove a serious
obstacle in the way of submarine navi-
CATION.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1890-09-21
j. p. STEELE, EDITOR.

addressed
The advocate., 1890-12-31

roads than Avo politicians picked helter.
alEelter, in a state convention, for their
talents In hand shaking, blarney and log
rolling.
IN, however, we are 10 have any true
system and equality in assessments, we
must have some central authority 10 su-
peryise and direct the entire business
10 see that two adjacent counties do not
vary the value Of lands by dollars on the
acre, or OF cattle and horses In equal
ratio.
Our state constitution says: "The
legislature shall provide for q uniform
and equal rate Of assessment and taxa.
tlon, (which is impossible under our pres
ent lack Of system. II seems 10 me chat
we might copy the plan which the
United States government used, when II
worked 80 extendedly and successfully
its internal revenue department-Of a
com missioner with his district subordi-
mates. We might make the auditor Of
state the head Of the department OF as
sessment and taxation, with the state di-
yided into eight or twelve distrlCts-with
one assessor 10 each county, who should
be responsible to the district commits
sioner superior TO him. II Il be preferred
let these eight or twelve commissioners
be elected by the people, though for
such work, / believe the auditor would
make the best selection, for he would
have the power Of removal, where his
appoIntee proved either incompetent,
unqualified or dishonest; but otherwise
the appointment should continue either
during good behavior or for six or eight
years-as experience In such place
would be Of great value.
Under such a system the land should
not be re-assessed oitener than each
third, fourth or fifth though Inn
provements ofvalue exceedinge200 might
be added yearly when the personal as
sessment was made; or deductions made
for loss by fires.
That such a system can be worked at
less expense TO the state than our pres
ent cumbersome and most unequal and
systemless plan / have not a shadow Of
doubt. EDWARD RUSSELL.
Lawrence, Kan, Dec. 10, 1890
=s= =
The advocate., 1890-12-31
Send for catalogue, Topeka Bus. Con


TO parties intending to visit the city
during the session OF the legislature,
THE ADVOCATE Office will keep a regis
ter of the hotels and boarding houses,
and also OF those desiring to take room
ers during the Legislative session. LoCs-
tlon, terms and particulars will be kept
In register, which will be open TO all our
visitors.
The advocate., 1890-12-31

II you desire 20 be restored 10 complete
vigor and manhood, promptly, permanently
and che0ply, we will send you full pRrticu-
treatment free. No electric nonsense, no
stomach drugRing Address Box 112 Al
biOn Pharmacy Co., Albion, Mich.
The advocate., 1890-12-31
Pianos and Organs.

Hol everyone, who would go where
you can get value received for your
money Kansas City Plano Co., 1898
Main lstreet, Kansas City, Mo-, offers
you the best Pianos and Organs In the
country at honest prices. Call upon, or
write for catalogue of prices and we will
interest you. o. H. GUFFIN, Pres't
The advocate., 1890-12-31
Fine Playing Cards.

Send ten (lO) Oentsin stamps or coin to
John Sebastian, general ticket and passen-
ger agent of the Chicago, Rock leland & Pa
cifiC railway, for pack of the latest,