davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1890-10-08

The October number of The Old
Homestead, a monthly magazine
published by Davis Bros. at Savan-
nah, Ca, appears for the first time
on our table. 1t is publication of
forty pages, 11x15, filed with orig
inal stories, poems, aud essays. Its
musical feature, handsomely illus
trated fashion matter, children's
page, and household and farm
notes make it a welcome visitor in
thousands OF homes. 1t is the only
publication of it's kind in the south
aud its tone is pure aud elevating.
The Old Ii 1mestead's premium list
aud cash commission to agents are
among the best in the country. Not
withstanding the size and general
excellence of the magazine the sub
scription price is placed at only 81
3 year. Sample copy free on appli-
cation. Address Davis Bros, pub.
fishers and proprietors, Savannah,
Georgia.
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1890-10-08

IT would seem that bigamy can
be made very unpleasant for a man
in the south when the law officers
set about the work of Furnishing him.
The New Orleans Times Democrat
tells of one S. +. Hawley, who,
some thirteen years ago, was united
in marriage to a woman in Darling
ton, S. G. He already had q wife
in North Carolina, and afterward
he moved on and secured q third
wife in Georgia. Soon after this
the facts in the case came to the
knowledge of his second and third
wives and then his tribulations be-
gan. He was tried for bigamy in
Georgia and sentenced TO three
years in the penitentiary. On the
expiration Of his term which occur
red few days ago sheriff was in
waiting to escort him to South Car
DINA, where he will be sentenced to
another term of imprisonment. At
ter South Carolina has done its
share towards his punishment he
will be passed on to North Carolina
and will there be able to form an
opinion as to the comparative at
fractions of the penitentaries of
Georgia and the two Carolinas.
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1890-10-08

Use Halls Vegetable Sicilian Hair Re-
newer aud your thin gray locks will
thicken up and be restored 20 the youth
full color. vigor and beauty.
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1890-10-08
CLOTHING DEPARTMENT.

A full and nicely selected stock OF
Mems, Boys and Children's CLOTHING
MEMS SUITS, $500, $3.50. 90 so
$1,000, $1,000, $13 so, $500, sc,
BOYS SUITS, $500, $3.50 $500
$3.50, $3.50, $500, &c.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
New York.

NEW YORK, Nov. 14.-Messrs. Hubbard.
Price a Co., IN their cotton circular Tonight,
say: "Refecting the unsettled condition OF
the street, our market has been wayerng
during the day, prices alternately adj
vanced and declined as the short interest
which is undeniably nervous attempted TO
cover, or as sales were made upon
the uniavOrable receipts which came
from Manchester. After the close
Yesterday high prices were pad by
belated shorts. but the response Of
Liverpool to the advance here was feeble.
the 2-G4 gained being lost during the day,
with a quiet close at same prices as yester-
day. This inactivity, coupled with adverse
private cable reports, caused prices to drop
during the afternoon TO barely steady
close at the lowest prices, with an easy feel
ing afterward, and sales at slight advance.
Receipts at ports today estimated at 3D.
600 bales, against iO,4JS bales last week.
and 34,0Sl last year. The spot market If
steady and unchanged; sales 81 bales.
Transactions in futures, $1,000 bales Flu
lures closed to 6 points lower, as follows;
November, 9.3lW9.33: December, 9.lOW9.Il ;
January, 95l@9.52; February, 9.jS@ $50;
March, 9.G4@9.6j; April, 0.72G9.73; May,
9.Sl@9.S2; June, 9.S9W0.9O; July, 99G@99l.
In Liverpool cotton steady; mid
ding uplands, j-l6d. Sales, 5000 bales.
Futures closed steady at 2.Gl advance;
November, BIG; January, 90; January
February, 90; February March, 5.2l:
March-April. j.23@j.2j.
Produce-Flour closed firm; fine grades
spring, S2.7jMS3.25; Southern duh ana
heavy; trade and family extras, $405@ Sj15.
Wheat quiet and weak; No. , red winter,
St.OO@$i 02l4; do, November, 997sc. Corn
weaker; No. > mixed, 57A@j|sc.; do,
November. $3.50. oats lower; No. white.
52Lc.: No. ? mixed, November, 4I5sc.
Pork dull mess, $ll.5O@$l2.25. Lard active:
December, $t.2O@So.5O, sugar Hehne ,'o
steady; cut loaf aud crushed. $500
Coffee steady; fair Rio cargoes, 2OAc. !
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
are taken In Al $500; enc package taken In

age taken In az $500; one package taken IN
at $500: one package taker m at $500.
Private sales reported to The secretary to-
day: Wrappers, 20 hogsheads; filters 10 hogs
heads; scrap, . hogsheads. Total. % hogs
heads.
Office Of the tobacco inspector reports to-
day nspections-Bright, ~ hogsheads
dark, hogsheade; Western. 26 hogsheads.
Reinspections Bright, u hogsheads.
Farmers, Wilson's, Allegheny, Naughn's,
Shelburne's, Meals, Dayerports, Shockoe
and Seabrook's warehouses report to-day
Receipts, % hogsheads; deliveries, 81 hogs
heads and o tlerces.
Office OF the Collector Of the United States
Internal Revenue reports collections for
the city OF Richmond to-day as follows:
Tax-paid cigars and cigarettes, $500;
tax paid tobaccos, 81, GIG .0S Total, 81. i15.5S
Sales OF tOboccos on the loose tobacco
breaks to-day: Crenshaw's, 2.230 pounds,
highest price. $50; Shockoe. 1910 pounds,
highest price, $3.50.
sales Of loose tobsccos for 4he week end
ing Saturday, November l5tl, 1890: Cren.
shaw's, 1850 pounds, highesl price, $50
Shockoe, 1915 pounds, highest price, $3.50
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
ElfLROAn aTOcKs.
RICHMOND TOBACCO EXCHANGE.

Richmond, VA. Nov. i4.-Onerings OF
Of tobaccos at auction On Change Fri
day. November IA. 1907 Total offerings,
l9 packages Of West Virginia bright tobac-
one package sold at $3.50; one package
sold at 5000; one package taken In At
s-looi one package taken in at $500: TWO
Packages sold at 5000; one package taken
ID at tl5.OO; one package sold at $i3.50; one
package taken in at $500; one package
ssken 10 at 100; one package taken in al
slV,'oi one package taken in at 5000; one
package taken in at 1926; one package
sskea IN at $50; one package taken In AT
y % Que package sold AT $500; one pack
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Baltimore.

bAltlInOft.
BALTIMORE. Md, Nov. 14.-COtt0n nomi-
nal: middling, 954c. Flour steady and firm.
Howard street and Western superiine, $500
$3.50; do. do. extra, $3.7j@$4.60; do. do.
family, S4.75Msj.2j; City Mills, Rio brands,
extra. $j.10@j.2j; winter wheat, patent.
S5.35@$5.GO; spring do. do, $j.6j@S5.9p;
do. do. straight, $5.30@S5.5O; do. do. extra,
&40@4.6j. Wheat-Southern easy; iultz,
9l@0Sc. Longberry, 93@0Sc.; steamer NO.
,. red, 9lc.; Western steady; No. . winter
red, spot and November, 93c. COrn-South-
ern steady; white, old, G3c.; new, 53@6Oc.;
yellow, old, &c; new, 55@6lc.; Western
quiet: mixed, spot and November, Jsc.
Oats firm; ungraded Southern and Penn
sylvania. 49@j2c.; do. Western white, 81
@52c.: do. do. mixed, 49@5lc.; graded
No. 2. white, 52c. Rye firm and steady;
prime to choice, 7G@77c. Provisions firm.
Mess pork, S11.jO; bulk meats, loose should
ers, Co.; long clear and clear ribs, side,
G1c., sugar-pickled shoulders, GHc.; sugar
cured smoked shoulders, ne; hams,
small, NE; large, lO3Ic. Lard, refined,
73<c. Coffee quiet and steady. Sugar quiet;
granulated 6Hc. Whisky firm.
StOck-Nirginia 3s, 6GL@GGX.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Chicago.

CHICAGO. Nov. As. y. White Il Co..
telegraphs c. W. Branch n Co. as follows;
panicky feeling seemed to have taken
possession Of the bulls this morning and
values counted for nothing, and the way
property was slaughtered was a caution.
Some of the shorts were eager buyers, but
the majority helped the decentralization by
large offerings. The situation in both wheat
and corn is certainly not pleasant for hold
ers. as at present prices there is scarcely a
bushel of grain that shows profit. l have
advised caution in wheat for some days.
and continue to feel that way, reserying
opinions for a time that is more pr0pltious
than the present. Corn is suffering from
the effect of an over sentimental affection Of
the bulls, and the realization that there are
but few shorts in the market seems 10 have
dawned upon the bulls too slowly. Prices
may react some, but any advance will be
bnt temporary, as the price now being paid
is sufficiently high, and for a shortage OF 80
per cent.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

VIII you heed the warning-tne signal, per
mans. OF the sure approach of that more terri
bic disease, Consumption? Ask yourselves
If Won can afford for the sake OF saving Of
cents. 10 run the risk and do nothing for II
We know from experience that Shlloh 1uI r
yin cure your Cough. II never fails. This
explains why more than Million OF Bottles
were sold the paH year. II relieves GROUP
and WhOoping Cough at once. Mothers, &c
not be without il. sample bottles lree. SOLO
Dv Bodeker Brothers and II. NJ. Shields q Co..
corner Of Fifth and Marshall streets.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
A Case OF Prights Disease Cured bv
Chase CITY Litbia Water.

TESTIMONIALS.
MINERAL HOTEL, CHASE CITY. NA.,l
June Il, 1890. !
Messys. Hardv G Roller,
ProprtetOrS chase CITY Lfthid Wofer.
Chase CitV, "a.
Gentlemen.-On my arrival here from my
home, Bloomn.ld, KY, the 18th OF this
month, met my neighbor, Mr.. John d.
Wakefield, of spencer county, Ky. Mr.,
Wakefield has, to my own personal know.
ledge, been in very bad health for seven OF
eight years, and during that time treated
by some of the most eminent physicians Of
Kentucky. His nervous system was affect
ed. complicated with Brights disease Of the
kidneys. and it appeared at one time that
he would lose one of his kidneys entirely
| He was as near death as a man possibly
could he. lie tried some Of the celebrated
mineral waters Of this country and OBJ
tanned only temporary relief.
He visited this place and has been using
the Chase City Lithia Water since 2th Of
April. 1890, and, 50 far rs ! can now dis
cover. he has complete relief. His com
plexion healthy, action improved, appetite
restored, rest tranquil, and spirits revived
His general condition indicates restored
and inygOrated man. attributable to the
use OF the Chase City Lithia Water.
Very respectfully,
JAMES X. HUGHES, NJ. ID.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
CIarksville, Tenn.

GAINESVILLE. TENN, Nov. 12.--Transac-
tons in our market were few in number the
past week, the sales ending to-day only
amounting TO 100 hOgsheads. The breaks
were of fair size, but holders rejected offers
ON full lots of leaf and Tugs. We have now
gentle rains, bringing tobacco into order IN
the barns, which are being examined by the
dealers and stemmc:s, but the preten.ions
Of planters are so high that we have heard
of no transactions so far.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

Why do 30 many people we see around M
seem 10 prefer 10 suffer and be made misefa'
bile by Indigestion, Consumption, Dizziness
Loss OF Appetite. Coming Up Of the Food
yellow skin, when for 20 cents We will sell
them Shiloh's system Nitauzer, guaranteed
10 cure them Sold by Bodeker Brothers ano
/ Nm. shields d Co.. corner OF Fifth and Mar
shall streets.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Dyspepsia and LIVER Complaint.

Isit not worth the small price Of 20 cents
TO free yourself Of every symptom OF these
cOmplants7 IL you think 80, call
al our store and get a bottle Of Shiloh's Vital
Ter. Every bottle mas printed guarantee
on II. Use accordingly, and II IL d9es you nc
good A will cost you nothing, Sold by liOde-
fer Brotbers and IA. NJ. shields 4 Co, corner
:, t-le,b and Marshall streets.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

fully concur in the above statement
DIR. Hughes, and | am so much assured OF
the great benefits derived from the use OF the
Chase CITY lithia Water in etiecting CURE,
hitherto dcspaired OF. that have determined
to bring my family here from my home IN
Kentucky to reside for some time. | at
tribute nv restoration 10 health solely TO
the use Of this water.
JOHN ID. WAKEFIELD,
Of Wakefield, Ky.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
"ifow 20 Cure All skin Diseases.

Simply apply "swayne's Ointment" Nc
internal medicine required. Cures letter
eczema, itch, all eruptions on the face
hands. nose, &c., leaving the skin clear
white, and healthy. Its great healing and
curative powers are possessed by no Other
remedy. Ask your druggist for Swayne's
Ointment.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

We nave aspeedyand positive cure Tor ca
tarr,, Diphtheria, Canker Mouth and Head
ache IN SIIiLOHS CAIARRH REMEDY. A
Nasal Injector free with each bottle. Use II
n you desire health and sweet breath. Price
90 cents. sold by BOdeker Brothers and
II. Nj. shields & Co. corner OF fifth and Mar
anun lrDpia.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
We Challenge

any man, woman, or child who is affected
with Constipation, Dyspepsia, Headache,
or Torpid Liver 10 prove that few doses Of
simmons Liver Regulator will not relieve
them. II never fails, and is so pure, so sure,
SO harmless that an infant can take IL ana
never have a second spell of collie. An
adult can take it. keep the bowels regular,
and secure health.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

FITS. All fits stopped free by DIR. Kline's
Great Nerve RcstOrcr. No fits after hrsl
laws use. Marvellous cures. Treatise ana
s.. 900 trial bottle free 10 fit cases. send "a
Dr. Klinn. n2l Arch street. Philadelphla, Ia
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Chase City, Va, June IS. 1890.

STATE or VIRGINIA, COUNTY OF NECK
LENBUBG, tO-wt:
1T. ID. Jcn.rcss, notary public for the
county aforesaid, do certify that DIR. james
Il. Hughes and John ID. Wakefield, whose
names are signed to the writing above, per-
sonally appeared before me and acknow-
| lodged the same.
Given under my hand this 18th Of June,
1890. THOs. ID. JEFFREss,
Notary Public.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Don't Fail to Take

In time for coughs, colds, Group, CON
sumption, bronchitis, hoarseness, and al
throat and lung troubles, that old-fashioneC
remedy, DIR. David's Cough Syrup, Of pure
pine tar, horehOund, and wild cherry.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

"Woman, Her Disease and Their Treat
ment." 4 valuable illustrated book OF
seyenty-tw0 pages, sent tree on receipt oi
10 CENTS. TO cover cost Of mailing, etc. Ad-
dress =. o. Box 1863, Philadelphia, Pa.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
For Over EIftY Yeara

Mrs. Winslows Soothing Syrup has been USED
for children teething. IL soothes the chad
softens the gums, allays all pain, cures WIND
collie and Is the best remedy for dlarrhW9
rxyautv-fye cents "A bottle.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Every Mother

should see that her little ones are pro-
.ected, and that bottle OF DIR. DaYids
Cough Syrup is at hand to give in case I
Group, coughs, or colds.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
VISIT THIS PLACE,
TOR SALE, BY BOWMAN, BOS-
WELL 4 SHUMAN.
REAL Observation-Disclosures

REAL ESTATEAND INSURANCE. AGENTS,
No. 1901 EAST MAIN STREET.
113 feet on Floyd street between Meadow
and Rowland.
$40 feet on Floyd street between Robinson
and Cedar.
240 feet on BroOkland street.
1873 feet corner OF Washington and Winder
streets.
Nineteen LOIS on Carlton street.
Five LOTS corner of Brooklyn street and
ShattswOOd avenue.
BRICK FACTORY. south Eighteenth street.
FRAME HOUSE, rooms, go feet, Nichol-
son street.
STORE and DWELLING. 4 north Eigh-
teenth street.
NICE DWELLING and ~ acres in aspar-
agus, strawberries, &C., in MOI theast suburbs
Several SMALL FARMS near the city, and
other Well-paylng property
BOWMAN, BOSWt LII & SHUMAN,
se2l-tf 9nOrth Eleventh street.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
piIesi PiIeslItehlngPnes

SYMPTOMS: Moisture; intense itching
md singing: most at night; worse by
scratching. If allowed to continue tumors
form. which often bleed and ulcerate, be-
coming very sore. Swayne's ointment stops
he itching and bleeding, heals uiceratiOn,
md i'm most cases removes the tumOrs. Al
Irucrists. or By mail, for 80 cents. DR..
Swayne & son. Philadelphia.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

Take Simmons Liver Regulator. One
dose is worth 100 dollars.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Answer This Question.

Ifyou want 10 enjoy your meals strengthen
your digestion with Simmons Liver Regu-
latOr.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Oh, What n Cough.

kidney affections of years cured by sim
mons Liver REGULATOR, W. Poynts.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

A stitch in time. Take simmons Liver
REGULATOR and prevent sickness.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
sALEs REPORTED TO sECRErAKY

Wheat-Mixed, 374 bushels for seed at
81. "a: s20 bushels good on private terms.
Shortberry. D bushels good at 9sc.; BUSH
els for seed at Sl.Os. Total sales of wheat
1902 bushels.
Corn-White, coo bushels old on private
terms; $40 bushels prime new on private
terms; 50 bushels very goo1 new at &c; AZ
bushels fair new at Gle. Total sales OF corn
/. OBS bushels.
Black-eye pease-24 bushels very good at
$3.50.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
Big Money

in Fredericksburg stock. Easy payments
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

YARBROUGH'S "MILD BUR LEY
TOBACCO DOES NOT MAKE you
NERVOUS.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
REP
MARKETS BY TELEGRAPH.

u ut ktI bUNUNs
Ouotaffons.- Middling, 10c.; low mid
iling, g1Sc.; good ordinary. 90.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

For horse-colc Simmons Liver Regulate
is known to be the best remedy.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

ire not left. Take few shares of Freder-
icksburg Development Company's stock.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15
GRAIN AND COTTON EXCHANGE.
RICHMOND, VA, Nov. IA, 1890.
OFFERINGS.

WHEAT 92 bushels.
Conn., .S bushels.
Oats-1 900 bushels.
Rye-20 bushels.
peAse "a bushels.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-11-15

Wire Fence Factory-in operation.
Wooden Mills-completed .....
Electric Light Plot-in operation
First National Bank Of Buena
Vista in operation .-.........
Buena Vista Building and Invest
ment Co., bankers ........
Buena Vista Building and Improve
ment Co ... ..................
Buena Vista Advocate and Job
Office in operation. .. ........
Egg Crate Factory completed 900.
Lexington Investment Coin ope-
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1890-02-06
SPELLING REFORM IN CONGRESS
The Hon. Frank LAWYERS Bill Providing
for n Shorter Method of Spelling.

The Hon. Frank LAWYERS Bill Providing
for shorter Method of Spelling.
Congressman Lawier, of Chicago, re-
Gently introduced the following resolution
in the House. It was referred to the
Committee on Printing and ordered to
be printed:
Resolued, by the House OF Representatives (the
Senate concurringl, That the Public Printer be-
and is hereby directed in all work for Congress
this resolution, to adopt the following rules for
amended spellings, except In educational and
other works where different photography may
be required:
First-Drop ne at the end cf words like dia-
logue, catalogue, ETC.. where the preceding VOW
ell Is short. Thus spell demagog. epilog, syna.
Cog etc. When the preceding vowel is long, as
In prorogue, vogue, disembogue, retain final let
ters as at present.
Second-Drop hnal 9 in such words as definite,
infinite fayorite, etc, when the preceding vowel
requisit etc. When the preceding vowel is long,
as in polite, finite, unite, etc., retain present
forms unchanged.
Third-Drop final te I'm words like quartette,
coduette, cigarette etc. Thus spell cigar ct,
roset, epaulet, vedet, gazet, etc.
Fourth-Drop final me in words like pro-
gramme. Thus spell program, orifiam, gram,
etc.
Fifth--Change ph to I in words Ike phantom,
graf hiosofy fonetic fotograf, etc.
Sixth-Substitute for the diphthongs B and
n when they have the sound OF that letter.
Thus spell eolian, esthetic, diarrhea, subpoena,
esofagus, atheneum, etc.
N B. No change in proper names.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1890-02-06
Her Ring Is Her Mascot.

Miss Amelia b. Edwards, the En-
glish author and Psychologist, dresses
in quiet, conventional taste, but POS
sesses one noticeable ornament, which,
however, seldom leaves its resting
place in her jewel box. This is ring
mounted with q scarabeus in gold.
The Egyptian beetle, for such it is, is
said to have been taken from the wrap
pings of mummy, and is as old, per-
haps, as the days of the Pharaohs. 1t
is green with age and green with the
glitter of small emeralds. Although
she seldom puts it on her finger, Miss
Edwards is said to regard the symbol
of ancient Egypt as sort of mascot,
and 10 carry the scarabmus ring with
her constantly on her travels. .--NeaO
York P,yvs.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1890-02-06
UPROAR In THE HOUSE.
AN EXCITING DAY IN THE LOWER
HOUSE OF CONGRESS-.

Speaker Reeds Ruling Sustained by the
Republicans Tho Democratic Minority
Exhaust the Resources of Parliamentary
Tactics 60 Defeat the Ruling.
The galleries of the House were
crowded on Thursday in anticiDa-
tion OF a renewal of the previous days
hostilities. AS soon as the journal was
read, Mr.. Breckenridge of Kentucky de-
manded the reading of the names OF
those who did not vote Wednesday.
That was done and the ruling Of the
Speaker, as placed on the journal, was
also read as a part of the journal.
The moment the reading OF the jour-
nal was ended Mckinley moved that the
journal be approved, and on that motion
moved the previous question.
The Speaker put the motion amid
great confusion.
Mr.. blanchard tried TO get recogni-
tion on a question of privilege, intend
ing to protest against the placing of his
name on record Wednesday by the