davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24

ever since. Two years ago he ran
against Aid. Reeves and was declared
defeated by one vote after the third re-
count. MI. Schwartz took his defeat so
calmly and gentlemanly, considering
the peculiar circumstances that caused
it, that the Democrats were unanimous
in choosing him at the convention.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24
LOCAL MENTION.

All
Aha
Allah
Ahahe
Ahahen
Ahahennim
The place where money is going to be
made. Watch the papers for further
developments.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24

Autumn styles now READY in all depart
ments at the Plymouth Clothing House.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24
MISCELLANEOUS.

MI re Dr. Fl. Waite. Specialist; IL
I'll In, years in Minneapolis. Why suffer
when cure is mild and certain
Ask hundreds OF leading citizens of ST. Paul
Minneapolis and the Northwest as TO the
treatment and curef Pamphlet free 1l27
Hcnnepin Ayea Minneapolis
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24
S;JAC0B OF,
- CURES SURELY. AA1
SP RAINS.
Ohio & Miss. Railway.
Office President and
General Manager

Cincinnati. Ohio
"My foot suddenly
turned and gave me
q very Sc vere1y
isprained ankle. The
applies ton of st.
Jacobs Oil resulted at
once in q relief from
pain"
WV. PEABODY,
Priest & Geu'1 Man'pr.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24

Additional MINNEAPOLIS
&T News on Page s.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24
SITUATIONS WANTED.

COACHMAN-Situat wanted as coach.
~ man in private family; best of city ref.
erences given. Address S AZ. Globe Min.
neapOlis
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-10-24

Potter made bluff that he stood ready to
discuss the issues of the campaign with any
OF the mayoralty candidates. This was be-
fore the Keynote went to protest, and DR.. Ed
win Phillips, the Prohibition candidate, has
taken him up. 1t is understood, however,
that Potter is too busy just now asking for
votes because he opposed the measures OF
his own party in the city council
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01

esque. The city is supplied with water
works OF extraordinary power and pres
sure supplied by the H0mestake Mining
company, which is under bond to sup
ply the city free OF charge for period
of thirty years. The climate is delight
full and rivals Colorado. The altitude
is 4,600 feet. Over 100000 of New
York, Boston and Philadelphia capital
is invested In real estate, street car
lines and narrow-gauge railroads. Two
of the hotels alone can accommo-
date 200 guestsi others are I'M,
der construction to accommodate
the increased travel incident to
the building of the two trunk
railroads already referred to. Six miles
east of here is the mining camp of
Galena, named so from the nature of
its ores. Among the excellent proper
ties of the camp are the Sitting Bull,
General Merritt, Cora, Washington
Consolidated and Ontario Wanda. All
the ores necessary for smelling are
abundant in this camp. West of here,
a distance of seven miles, lies the Car
Donate camp, that has numerous
merltorlous mines in operation, and
IN close proximity is one of the
finest water powers in the Black Hills,
tive power for machinery in Deadwood
or Oh the belt. There are also the Uncle
Sam, Garden City, and other promising
camps adjacent to the city Fasteners
and foreigners must recollect that if
teen years ago this section was howl
Ing wilderness peOpled only by red
men. Its development is striking
illustration of Western pluck and en-
ergy.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
THE FEVER GERMS.
Late Experiments Show That the
Disease May Be Contracted
Through the Lungs.

llaCO EJ4p6EIIHoHtS 6nOW 1HdU VIC
Disease May Be Contracted
Through the Lungs.
New York Herald.
archaeological research has demon
strated that typhoid fever germs may
be carried in the air as well as in water.
Mr.. Frederick Bordas has discovered,
however, that the bacillus is destroyed
in an atmosphere that is dry and COM
pletely deprived of its aqueous vapor,
but that it continues to live and de-
velop in an atmosphere that is more or
less charged with moisture. This last
fact is very important one, as it &C
counts for number of peculiarities
that had hitherto remained unex-
planned, such as the greater frequency
of typhoid fever during the damp
months of October and November, and
the customary outbreaks of epidemics
precisely at that period of The year.
The experiments of Mr.. BordaS lead
us to believe, as well, that the microbe
of typhoid fever is endowed with a GER
tam force of resistance to exterior infu-
ences, and, furthermore, that it in all
probability retains for long time the
pathogenic power peculiar to it, as
periods of prolonged drought, which
would probably cause its destruction,
are relatively rare. The latter hypoth-
esis agrees completely with the knowl-
edge we have of the vital resistance of
germs.
Finally, Ahere is nothing to prevent
our accepting the idea of the possibility
of direct penetration of the bacillus iHto
the tissue of the lungs by means of the
respiratory tract. To say the least, the
idea seems extremely probable, as bac-
THEOLOGICAL analyses have demonstrated
the presence of the bacillus in the dust
of hospital wards.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
A woman Becomes a Lawyer.

A Warren, Pa, dispatch to the Phila-
delphia Press says: Miss Alice G. Nc
Gee, aged twenty-one years, the daugh-
terof Joseph MCGEE, an oil producer of
this place, was to-day admitted to prac-
tice as an attorney in the Warren
county court by Judge William d.
Brown. Miss MCGEE is handsome, in
telligent and clever. She passed the
best examination passed by any law
student in Warren county within ten
years. Judge Brown complimented
her on her efficiency She studied
with Noyes and Hinckley, and is the
second woman ever admitted to practice
in Pennsylvania, the other being Mrs.
Carrie Burnbam Kilgore, who was adj
mitted at PHILADELPHIA few years ago.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
BUILDING PBRMITS.
THO following DarmitS to build were lSSu
Twenty permits, total. .........S:
Choosing a Sweetheart.

Choose your sweetheart carefully.
wisely and tenderly, my dear girls. says
a writer in the Ladies' Home Journal.
Remember he is to be more than even
this some day-he is to be your hus-
band. for surely you are not one of the
girls who have sweetheart here, and
one there, and give little love to this
one and little to that one, until when
the real one appears the perfect bloom
is gone from the peach and she cannot
give him what he offers her. You girls
know very quickly when man means
more than ordinary friendship for you.
You have an instinct that tells you
that this big, good-looking fell
low has come sWeethearting, and
that that is the time for
you to study him little bit. Think out
If his temper and yours are certain to
agree we'll together; think out if his
tastes and yours are alike, OF if they
can grow to be so, for you know, little
woman. if you want to be happy in your
married life you must learn the great
and wonderful virtue of adaptability.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
FAITHFUL.
.he world goes

1t is something, sweet, when the world goes
i'll
To know you are faithful and love me still;
To feel when the sunshine has left the skies
That the light is shining i'll your dear eyes;
Beautiful eyes, more dear to me
Than all the wealth of the world could be.
1t is something, dearest to feel you near
When life with its sorroWs seems hard to
bear;
Of your tender and trusting hand in mine;
Beautiful hand more dear to me
Than the tenderest things Of earth could be-
Sometimes, dearest the world goes wrong,
For God gives grief with his gift Of song.
And poverty. tool but your love is more
To me than riches and golden store;
Beautiful love until death shall part
1t is miEe-as you are-my own. sweetheart!
IF L. Stanton.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
A FARMER's FIRST Deposit.
Four Dollars to begin On---Just
Enough for a Nest Egg.


Enough for a Nest Egg.
New York Sun.
They had opened bank at Medina,
the first one in the history of the town,
and one day after it was in good rum
ming order Farmer Adams hitched his
horse and wagon in front Of the build
ing, looked to see If the crock of butter
and basket of eggs were safe, and then
entered the building. He was we'll
known to all of the officials, and each
one had a word for him as he entered.
He looked around him in wonder, and
then addressed himself to the presi-
dent.
"WaIl, Steve Smith, you've gone and
opened bank. eh?"
"Yes.n
Git regular charter"
"Oh, yes"
"Got things so that robbers can't git
the money!"
Eyes"
"Wall, now, look a-here, Steve, Eve
knowed you long time, haven't II"
"You have, Mr.. Adams"
"Knowed you when your father run
off and left the family as hard up as a
spring coon with broken Lego"
"Y oS.''
"Knowed you when you growed up
and married Hammer Taylor9''
eyes"
"How is Hammer and the young 'uns?"
"Well. thank YOU"
sThat's proper; but what was goin'
to say was that l guess I'll put some
money in your bank-hot great deal,
but list huff for a nest-egg. like"
"We shall be glad to number you
with our patrons"
"Yaas, but look-a-here, Steve, don't
want no foolin' about this bizness.
When l want my money I want to find
1t right here"
''Certainly."
"And want you to be here"
"Of course"
"And if you bust up the bank and run
off with the cash, as some of 'em hev
done, do you know what I'll do? Pll
hitch up the old mare and foller you to
the end of the airth, and when over
haul you PHI give you the allfredeSt
drubblng any man on this globe ever
got"
you need have no fears, Mr.. Ad-
ANS"
"Waal, you hear me, and now here is
81 to begin on. It's to sort o. try you,
and. if everything is all right, I may
put in four more when sell that steer.
That's all, enless you bust up and run
away"
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
The Young Woman and Her Pipe.

- -
l stepped on a Twenty-third street
horse car the other day, says New
York Star writer. 1t was filled with
ladies' all more or less stylishly dressed.
One young woman, less than twenty
five years old should say, attracted the
attention of the whole car by carrying
in her lap, so that every one could see
it, pipe for smoking opium and all the
paraphernalia requisite to complete
enjoyment of this luxurious custom of
the Orient. The pipe itself was an ex-
quisite piece of workmanship, and must
have cost great deal Of money. The
small lamp was of very rich design, in
crystal and metal, land the young woman
kept looking at it tenderly, as if admir-
ing its quality. Besides these were the
salver, and the opium box of the same
material. How expensive this layout
was am unable to tell; but know that
Its cost must have been over the 5000, or
even the $500 mark. 1t was handsomer
than anything have ever seen in that
line. What curious fads our passions
lead US to!
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01

You must choose your sweetheart as
you do new gown, Sc that he will wear
we'll; but you want him for longer than
winter; he must last through the long
summer days and through the winter
ones, and before you put your hand in
his and tell him that you are willing to
fight out the battle of life together, think
it all over we'll and remember that you
are choosing your sweetheart not for
day or a year, but for all through life,
and, please God. If you love each other
enough, for after death.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
Johnny's Prayer.
Philadelphia Tim,

PnlIau6Ipuld IInH5S.
Sister Lizzie was to be married in
few months. and she was putting in the
interval of leisure from preparing for
the ceremony in the way of dress by
experimenting on her family in the
cooking line. Little John was going to
bed, and went through his usual prayers
up to the point of saying, ''Give us this
day our daily Bread" when some de-
pressing memory struch him, and he
added, s'But don'tlet Lizzie bake it,"
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
MINNEAPOLIS REAL ESTATE

The following transfers of real estate were
recorded yesterday:
| Alpin ] Wennertlad to Edward W
Cook part of 1t 30 blk L, Park add; $500
Paul Miller to Frank Hamack, in sec 6,
town no, range %: $780,, 475
Sarah j Knapp to Alice l. Burd1ck, 1t
ID, blk 2 Lindley & Lingenfelter's
Maria aria Sanford SO NJ ciough, 1t
and cts, blk 6, University add .......4, 600
Maria Sanford to S D Gaylord, 1t Ia,
blk s. Mowers add. ....1 200
Samuel P saborn to Nels j Anderson,
1t g. Auditors subd No. l2...... -. 1000
Minnesota National Land and Invest
ment company to Hannah Well, 1t 2,
blk 1, Penniman's add 49,. 13, 600
Warren E Vrooman to Syver 0 john
son, 1t 49, blk 3, Prospect Park Sec
ond division revised: ....-."...... 900
Richard Wetherall to Martha L John.
son, Its l.. etc.. blk 1. Badger q
Jorgen B Jakobsen to George S Paul
son, 1t 8, Blk ID Sibley add !, 200
James r Mcdowell to Elias Anderson,
part 1t 8, Lawrence and Reeves out
John K Miller to Althea D Parmenter.
1t l, etc, Allen Miler's subd =. :. 10000
George W Shaw to Nils Olsen, 1t 8, blk
2, McIntvres Cottage Grove add. 800
Edwin r Barber to Nels A Melander,
part Its 10 and 70, blk L, Harrison
Edwin r Barber to Christian F Wane,
Street supp. 1, 900
blk |. Portland Avenue add 500
blk blk 6, Third Avenue add. -. 1000
James r Halt 10 William r Moffett. 1t
5, blk portland Avenue add. ..... 800
| George Walls to Martin Flegle, 1t 6, blk
| IL, Wyoming Park add. ......... $50
| Charles P Swanson to Hamilton o Glib
| son, II 16, blk g. Harrison Street supp. 3, 500
sec. 20, town %, range "a ........ 5000
| Alfred A. Randall to Herbert Randall,
it 2, Roberts add. ....................3, 500
| s. j. Bartlett to Boston Ice company, in
| sec 80, town 90, range "a -. ....- OOO
Nathan H, Roberts to Hans P. Holtlf,
| 1t IS, etc, Auditors S ubd. No. 16. -. ], $50
| j. S. Bartlett to Boston Ice company,
in sec. 81. town 20, range "a. 49,. 5000
Geo W Farrer to George Clark, 1t IL.
| Wright Davidson to Anna M Clement
| son, 1t 1, blk 4, etc., Davidson's add
John Mss col eps to john Collier in sec
| Lewis " Douglas TO Addison. 1t 10, blk
| 5. Wyant & Kuchli's add. ..........1 800
Lewis W Douglass to Eta Chase, 1t 10,
| blk 5. WANT & Kuchli's add. ......1, 500
| Geo Davis to James Goldburg, Its
| and 8, blk 2, Belmont Park add. -. 1000
| Four unpublished deeds, ........ ....32,7 700
| Total number of deeds So .........S147, 129
| MINNEAPOLIS BUILDING PERMITS.
| The following permits to erect buildings
| in Minneapolis were issued yesterday:
| Eta Chase, 2-story frame dwelling,
Jo 1noz N0 Wico as astorv frame ware
house. Tenth av northeast and Mar
| shall st. ................. $500
| City of Minneapolis, 2story brick fire
station, Chicago av and Thirty fifth ST., 500
| Chas A Cummings, five 2-story frame
dwellings, 2545-49 Dupont av and
| 1920 West Twenty-sixth ST.. 10000
| W W Bray, two 2-story frame dwellings,,
| 3l40 Blaisdell av and 3 IA Motor avs, 900
| IL minor permits. ....... -. ...........1.76O
Total, 21 permits. 49,. -. .....S21, $50
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
Prepared for the Conversation

1F0pdr6Q tut CiIo OOHVSTStkCfOus
Washington Post.
There is a young woman in Washing
ton who is noted among her acquaint-
ances for her devotion to large and un-
usual words. The other evening a
young man-one of her acquaintances-
called on her, bringing with him very
large parcel, neatly wrapped in brown
paper.
"Why, Mr.. Jinks." she said, "what
have you there?"
Gan unabridged dictionary" was his
laconic reply.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
PRIVATE DIsPENsARY.

The DAILY
GLOBE is tina
organ Of the
masses, but Of
no party, class
or clique. II
is looked up-
o n b Y t h a
masses as a
frien d a n d
counselor, be.
sides a steady
news ,iyer.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01

Both the method and results when
Syrup of Figs Is taken; it is pleasant
and refreshing to the taste, and acts
gently yet promptly on the Kidneys,
Liver and Bowels. cleanses the sys-
tenn efectually, dispels colds, head
aches and fevers, and cures habitual
constipation. Syrup Of Figs is the
only remedy Of its kind ever pro-
duced, pleasing to the taste and ac-
ceptabIe to the stomach, prompt in
Its action and truly beneficial In its
effects; prepared only from the most
healthy and agreeable substances.
its many excellent qualities COM
mend it to all and have made it the
most popular remedy known,
Syrup OF Figs is for sale in zoe
and 81 bottles by all leading Drug
gists. Any reliable druggist who
may not have it on hand will pro-
cure it promptly for any one who
wishes to try it. Do not accept any
substitute.
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO.,
SAW FRANCISCO. CAL.
LOUISVILLE. KK NEW YORK ~ 4
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
BUSHNELL & BUSHNELL,
Real Estate and Financial Agents, Second Floor Pio-
neer Press Building ST. Paul. MINI esota.


ableom wish build
cash the m %
Selby
Electric All advancing
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-06-01
At SOUTH ST. PAUL AND lhVER GROVE

Special
favorable
sanly advancing, will be raised September
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1890-11-12
Prorf Better than Assertion.

With such proof as the following letter
from W. II. Dean, of No. 27S, Seventh
St., New York, it is net necessary to
make the bare assertion that Allcock's
Porous Plasters cure lumhago. Mr. Dean
says;
"Some ten days ago was taken with a
very violent pain in the small of my back.
1t was so severe that | could hardly
breathe; every movement caused great
agony. l finally found out it was lum-
bago. Being entirely helpless, friend
sent to a druggist and got two Allcock's
Porous Plasters these were well warmed
and applied to my back, one above the
other. In half an hour to my great de-
light and surprise, I found the pain began
to abate. In two hours | was able to
walk out and attend to my business, the
pain being almost gone. Next day | was
all right, but continued Wearing the plas-
ters for a week"
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1890-11-12
RAIL NOTES.

The Ppcos Valley road is now COM
peted to within thirty-eight miles of
Eddy.
The east bound morning train on she
Santa Fe was again several hours late to-
day. Its a chronic thing to be late these
days, it appears.
Mr.. Otto Mears thinks that the Rio
Grande Southern railway will reach Tel
lurde some day this week. Despite the
rigors of winter the line is to be pushed
on to Rico.
The spreading Of track on the Rio
Grande railroad between Aspen Junction
and Aspen VIII take place next Saturday.
Ei4ht hundred men will be put on the
oh in order to complete it in one day.
George Laws, of Chama, now owns
railroad OF his own He has built three
miles of track leading from the d. q Il.
q into his lumber camp; has purchased
an engine and six fiat cars, and has the
new line in operation.
As was expece the D. q K. G. has
been about showed under again in the
COneios range between Antonito and
Chama. The track there is under nearly
four feet Of snow and it is thought that
traffic across the range to Durango and
>iv,rton is blocked for the season. Why
tie y. Il X. g. management will persist
in op rating that expensive piece of road
v hen an all-the-vear round route up the
Chama from Espanoa is so near at hand,
is b yond all human comprehension. @
OF the Ell Paso-White Oaks line, the
Ell Paso Herald says: Receiver Charles
Davis, of the White Oaks railroad, re-
ports that the representatives of the
! English syndicate nave been here and
| have signed contract with him to put
up forfeit in forty davs to 20 ahead
with this road. They appear to be well
pleased with the outlook, and have left a
representative here in the person Of Mr..
Bailey, who will look after their inter
ests' This is certainly cheerful news for
the people OF White Oakslf it isn't an
other cry of "Wolt. "
The Railway A ge is authorized by judge
Springer, Of the executive department of
| the Santa Fe, to deny the statement pur-
porting to come from him that the COM
pany has i'll contemplation the building
Of any new ines or extensions.
This covers the rumored extension of the
southern Kansas line from Panhandle ),
Texas, to Albuquerque and of the Atlantic
4 Pacific from Sapulra to Panhandle, as
well a. the building by the Santa Fe COM
pany of line up the San Joaquin valley
to San Francisco. Tie rumor that Presl-
dent Marvel had ordered 10000 tons of
steel for this latter line is also denied bv
Mr.. Marvel. The rails in question
amounting to 5000 instead of 10000 tons
were for renewals on the Atlantic & Pa
cihc, and they are now laid and tfains are
running over them.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1890-11-12
the London Exchange, has been expelled
@I,ot

the London Exchange, has been expelled
from that body.
The Kansas City packers will follow
the example of their Chicago brethren,
and will raise the price of canned meats
on account Of the increased price OF tin
plate.
C. s. Wheaton, ex-grand chief Of the
Order of Railway Conductors, was tried at
EImra, N, Y, on charges preferred by
the grand secretary, William Z. Daniels,
and acquitted.
The purchase Of the Memphis CTenn. }
Avalanche bv the Memphis Appeal and
consolidation of the two journals under
the name of the Appeal-Avalancho has
been completed.
Cyrus Gall, at Bay City, Mich, vas
handling a 39.calber revolver III his
house " hen cartridge was discharged
accidentally. The bullet struck his
daughter, aged Is years, in the spine,
causing fatal wonnd.
The search for heirs to q Canadian for
tune at Kansas City disclosed the fact
that Mr. and Mrs. Asa Barr were brother
and sister. When babes they had been
adopted in different families and growing
up met and married.
The secretary of agriculture has pre-
seuted his annual report to the presi-
dent By comparing prices at Chicago
for October 10, 1890, and October l6,
1889, he shows marked increase in the
value OF agricultural products, and espe'
cially of cereals.
"rhough scafrolds and gibbets were
built at every cross road" said speaker
at the Chicago Anarchists demonstration
"let us have courage, comrades, onward
Are We men and have not courage to rise
against these hel-born monsters of des-
nnfisn 9V
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1890-11-12
MI. Lincnln M ill Not RESIGN.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 70 Hon, Robt. T.
Lincoln, minister to England, reached
the city yesterday from Chicago and
called on Secretary Proctor at the war
He held quiet reception
among old official friends. He appears
TO be in the best of health. 10 an AS
sociatpd Press reporter he said:
"rhe stories to the effect that | intend
to resign my post are absolutely false. }
came here on leave of absence. | shall
remain about forty or fifty days, after
whicn | shall 20 back to England and
resume work"
He afterward visited the state depart
ment and made brief call on Secretary
Rlainn
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1890-11-12
Latest from The sucker state

CHICAGO, Nov. l2.-An error has been
discovered in footing up the returns OF
this congressional district, and now 1t
appears that Kinney, the Democratic
candidate for assembly, was elected, III
stead Of Hoppin, the Republican, as re-
ported.
Owing to the fact that the two parties
have been thought to be tie i'll the leg
islature, this discovery Is OF considerable
Importance. Ii the official count verlhes
the election of Kinney the Democrats
will have l01 votes in the assembly and
the Republicans but 100, thus making
the election of John A. Palmer to the
United States senate next to certainty.