New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-05-11

/
| Il had protcstcd at the point OF the bayOnet
| AGAINST Eovia's rights to tax ntratcS III Anto-
| ,ocasta. and il increased that Insignificant duty
! !, had demonstrated by canDOnade, pllaSc and
| al tho horrors of war against Peru's action III
forming a nitrate monopoly for the state IN lara
paca and it extended the guano monopoly under
Government control to the west coast.
| Since the close of the war Gillian enterprise
has been displayed in developing the resources
Of its conqucsts of rainless coast. The railway
leading from AntofagaSt1 TO the nitrate Deus anu
silver mines has been extended beyond the An
dos into the outer edges Of Bolivia, and probably
| IT, will reach Oruro in the course of few years
| From IIuanchaco concessions are needed IN or"ei
| to secure the completion of the line to La faH ;
| but great progress has been made since the wal
and there is 10 lack of financial resources on u'e
part Of the Gillian company. The scaDo'ru VI
Bolivia has been taken as part of the SPOTS VI
tLc nitrate war; but 1t is now the chief ambition
of the victorious nation TO open the lsola'c" ~
nublic 70 the commerce of the world and 10 de-
yelop its unrivallcd mineral resources. IN Uiis
design il is meeting with competition from three
points OF the compass. Argentina mas cA""ie"
It's railway system from Cordova to the boIlVlan
frontier and is already tapping the agricultural
| bolt Mr. Osborne promises 10 buld line from
Paraguay across the Gran Chaco. Mr. IhornhlKe'
representative OF the Mciggs interest Ill me Sou'h
crn Peruvian railway system, ana sllch' partner
under the now Grace contracts mace WIN 'hc
Government at Lima, has secured wthih week
a concession from Bolivia with lana grant lot
the extension of the lire from La faz 10 'ie
,ro,tior whore il will meet another section TO be
co.structcd from Puma 10 Lake Iitlcaca Ills
steamers are already plying on The rlNcr DcSa-
cuardcro 10 the richest mines IN bollNla' p"' io
also has a concession for building a railway !"
flo worry ouartcr where tine ChIiians are plan
ninc their linc to La TaZ If English capitaI oc
suppiied in sufficient quantity under the bond
holders comproni.c and general exploitation
scheme. the chief city OF Bolivia will be brought
into direct connection with the Peruvian coast
o., Nolleudo This railway will be OF the stand
ard gaucc and superior to both the CHILEAN ana
the Argentine rrowgaugcs But shai De
GREATLY SURPRISED If those stirring, entcrprlslhS
/ I hilans-the u.Ost robust ana the mailileso ny
! in south Amcyica-arc not III oroyo ana La ri ! 40
/ IN advance of the Peruvian bondhodere iHcS
/ are determined to control the lndusttlat uc'cl-
opmcut of Bolivia, and 70 furnish outlets LOT 10
trade the Pacific Coast. lher taia""S - INTO 80
ready over the Andes and leads long way INTO
the interior. They Will tunnel the OoTulIcla IN
TWO or three directions before they WIZ ao"np t
! the contest for commercial supicmacJ Al 'NA'
| quarter. !, .,ano,+
Everything points 20 the speedy deVeIopteIo
OF Tins isolated State, with It's unrvaI!ed resources
and rs primitive population. I'M, itoIiya
remains with all It's original characnrs'lcs anu
traits II Is section of medaeNm South
America in the heart of the ulodcrnized continent.
n its towns and villages native costumes, az
/ once quaint and picturesque, revealing WA ON
time passion for intense color which was III III.
Spanish blood. can be seen The proportion q'
/ full hioodcd Indians 10 the whole p"puhtoH u
/ larrcr hcrr than In any other OF these countries
/ The Ignorance Of tho people ~ dehsc, ana tleI'
are large classes of natives who apparently nave
tod
adhered t. some 81 the old religious supcrstl'loHs
/ Of their tribes All the aCrlcultnraI ana mining
processes are II The rudeSl KIND BOLIVIA Is one
~ the richest farming countries on ttc continent:
! having superior resources IN H. cllH'lr SOIL
and range OF productions. There is hardly any
! natural product that Is adapted 10 trQpcaI or
! temperate cucs that cannot -" successfully rals'u
/ There from soil Of extraordinary fertliltN. As
/ for mineral wealth tE"r" are strong reasons LOT
believing that II Is cqAal to that II Peru. Bolivia
/ is "A highly favored region Of immense productive
/ ness and natural wealth, which has never been
/ brought into nal competition with surrounding
. nations M supplying the demands OF modern
j sueur cotton tobacco, cabinet woods, iron. and
/ precious metals are products which VIII not
+ only enrich rs own producers but Will also pro-
/ vide tie nation That handles them with proht-
/ able commerce Chill Is bent upon securing
: control over the trade and mining industries Of
/ Tie Isolated republic. Whose approach 10 the sea
j, eat oN aud blocked AT AutofagaSta. Tho war
. between Chill and Peru was brought 10 an end
I hy treaty of peace. There wnS no convention
Of Autola-a>a and CobiIoh wem seized before
war was declared. and the Tnrapaca and Tacna
/ campaigns completed the conquest of The nitrate
] territories. but the battles NJ fhOrlllos and
/ Mraiorcs view subsequently fought in order that
the capital of Peru might be occupied and indcm-
/ mites Of various kinds secured in a treaty OF
/ peace. All these diplomatic questions have been
/ revived within a few months by the negotiation
Of protocol IN the interest Of the English bond
holders VINO have accepted compromise with
/ the Peruvian ttcnsHry on the basis OF the sur
render of the State railways. which were built
/ with their moncy. Bolivian indcmnltcS nave
/ never been settled. and remain to this day an
/ open question between tie two Governments.
I II is asserted by 'hosr familiar with the methods
+ Of Spanish American diplomacy that Chill prefers
. 10 keep this account open IN order 10 have some
means ~ reserve for intlmida'ing Bolivia and
obtaining from IL commercial concessions. Chill
/ Is the most aggressive State in South America.
I H. coycts power, lcalousiy guards its military
prestige. and IL ambitious and restless II is the
only State south of the lsthmus which has proitcd
by recent conpuesiS OF territory, made az
the cNpcns" of Ecighborng countries and which
/ y not thoroushly pacliicd In all the
/ tendencies Of ITO diplomatic policy. II is the one
state which needs more than any other 10 b.
brought under the restraints of concentration of
F continental opinion in such a diplomatic body rs
/ the Pan-Amcrlcon Congress The capital Of Chill
is the real centre OF South American diplomacy
The United STATES ought always 10 be repre-
. Srnt"d there 10y one Of lts strongest and most
I capable Ministers IN fonign service.
There never was more unnecessary war than
that which left the coast towns of Peru heaps Of
. charrcd ruins and paralyzcd every industry Of
. that unhappy country. That war might have
been aNcrtcd 10y arbitration. The export duty on
r Lnratcs and the Peruvian monopoly i'm the sale OF
. manure were grievances which MIGHT have in'cn
renewed If American influence M "a, tiogo had
possessed greater prestige than il had and if il
I had been employed with conSumnatr tact. If any
dispute ever arises over Bolivian war indcmnitcs
I the nitcd States Government. with the moral
f support Of the South American States represented
in the International Congress AT Washington ought
To have sufficient authority 10 secure the sub
mission Of the VcNcd questions 10 arbitration.
The main resource of Chilli in developing the
salt and mineral industries of the rainlcss coast
and in opening trade communications with Boz
lyil is the South American line of steamers under
the national llag. The English line had n monop-
oily of the coasting trade from the straits TO
Panama until this vigorous rival organization
WINS formed. The CHILEAN Government has been
paying subsidy of $4,000 year to the ma =
Il IL IL