Telegram-herald., 1890-08-09
AMERICAN SHIPPING
a REsuAE OF TrE isgTSc STATES
nsRTlzE ~ EToaf.

siL4Ef FrCteGClo1 - rs ia Z 1tlfAcEures or
y is salVpang Engiand czr1ay this
tiuls sEcezxf1lly proposed b regain and
retain cortrol q - a. our nan1Eactz1rer
and carrier. I1e c0lsesFue n poverty q
ths country Was 4ccCE1s ~ ed by Tlots,
s-1y laws. ins1rrectionz azad bitter class
pxeiuti.ces. The Bririsa inAuenos with
the cultivated Nsw tarksrs was Is
mzrked "a az the presE lEt day. Ia Bos-
tou aad Charleston II y - stronger, and
Il may be said that the salAl0st alsloyal
dsvosion u snns u he early demo-
cratic laaders - Frele D interests and
Brezch IDEAS vas Blural protest
against this Anglou4nias taen prevalent
ia or seaIor1s-
Among tho first laws passed hg rho
cong-ea5 = the United ksJes Wero those
providing. be&.des dat.zs Laid on goods,
wares and rne-chandiss impaired ror
difference In port caar yes and IA import
duties in favor oE Am,eAcagl vessels, en-
acting tie important features OF tho
English navigation act, which was
framed for the Joint pgrYosss of weaken
inr this powerful faarilas of Holland anl
'.t0 pfsE.ut any osher Eaa0 0n from en-
crossing too large poEsion,of tho nayi-
cation o. Tho rest Of the wolsd"
The restrictive clauses" Of cur act
provided hat vessels os n reign cOun-
try should imporr 70 this country only
tho produces Of their own cOantry, 50
that a. En. 4 Ash vessel. for Instance, was
liable 20 coaAscatson II IL bDlaght a sn-
gle cask II French brandy a q piece OF
German fl1fh iutO this country, while
az Amedogn vessel could load IN any
port with the p-oance II eay part Of the
world To-. ss.l.y ezrfo-c Hunsa. Of this
Law until lSjo iusuded Yr Ricarlo's as
ssrtion.in IN tie house Of pa aiament that
with tho dearez built and dearest
manned saip8 in the world we forced
them 70 give up 10 q two-thirds of the
trade bst geen this cDuntry and ours"
Ia 1898. under tle Plea that trade
should DO FREE, that AL shackleS should
b. stricken of, and that everything in
navigation fnould be left % fair compe-
tlsion." 4 law-was p2S I'D authorizing the
president torepeaI the restriction clauses
cf orr navigation lGWb IN favor OF any
nation repeahns the 81 te clauses IN their
laws.
Under this law treaties were negotia-
ted with the smaller maritime powers,
and proclamanons wese made by various
presidents. But England. which, since
causing the downfall of bhe Dutch mari
time supremacy by the enforcement OF
her NAVIGATION act. haQ been the para
mount marine power, did not agitate in
parliament for the repeal of her law till
1917.
After long debates in the house CT
commons il was shown convincingly
that, in fair competition. a nation with
more ships. cheaper money and lower
priced sailors and Grtisans was certain
20 win. and her Navigation act WIS re-
pealed at the close Of 1879, after it had
made her the greatest maritiIne power.
with the hope, unfortunately for Us well
founded, of preventing by that repeal
our passing her in the race'try the same
mems she lad used IN her contest with
Holland.
but another factor made its appear
ance. Fifty years ago the first steamers
corE snsgced plying between this country
and England. under the suspices Of the
D.
NJ Cuna-d. Of Halifax, went over to
ENGLAND and secured q contract fer a
liEo from Liverpool TO Halifax and Bos-
ton. with subsidy OF e60,OO per an.
nun. though the agent of the Great
Western Steamship company testified
he would DO the sane work directly to
New York for haf the sum. By lS4s
the subsidy had besn extended to
500. 600 for the same nlnlbor of voyages.
When our government subsidized the
Collins line Cuna-d fastened to
England and Rad q limo to New York
Subsidized at SIS. .0co per annum, testi-
fyiDg before parliamentary commit
tee. ''If had got This contract three
months sooner thers would have been
no American line"
How Mr.. Cunard proposed 20 change
tho plans and intentions OF our senators
and representatives N congress Assem-
blsd in 50 short sms as three months
does not appear in his testimony.
On June IA. 1888, President Buchanan
Eigned bill f2rbldAng al future pay
rnents 70 American vessels Of more than
sea and inland portage, and any con
tract. for even that. fer more than two
ycars. n tS52 q ooElmittes OF parlia-
r1ent bad reported. They attach great
importance to long aud rndisturbed
term Of contract ss alone enabling them
% Incur the expsns-s necessary for a
successful competition With their rivals. "
Also that Cun1rd's subsidy Of ef53 go
was 20 continue iii July. 1882. IN 1858
this subsidy had been increased TO e191,-
400. OF s954. .099 .'cT snnun. AZ The same
tine lins 80 Galway, shortly afteT dis-
continued. was receiving eiss GOO, 50
that the Collins line. with the lines 70
HavTe and Han. burg. bad sea and inland
portage offered them IA competition
with lines subsidized with 81 ,55f 500.
As Er Golden suggested. thAy 'ocase,l.
tecsuse the American government With
dew tie subSsCy'
Alp xnov of the aid England gave TO
furtrer the se-s,l--rre of orr shirpSr Z
interests throssh the Confederate crais-
era Since tha close 81 the war NEST II
our newspapers and couE~essuea could
rot havs lahcred rnoFe unreEnitsingiv 2
for tho extension ~ forsizn shipping and
tie extinction Of our own II they had
been the scle uloUriesoTs Of The foreign
feets Taxes were laid on - vsine x
sSir~inx whother sR2ioTet or tied I'd
instead 5f on thsir Tsceipts. as m 0sheT
countries. TIE measurement II err res
ssls vas 80 u1fxir shst an American
staare- was oksrgsl nearly tvlce -
f-1--h m, orr own ~r~~z e--f-, a< tAs sar1a