New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-01-29
THE NEW REPUBLIC.
VII.
WORK OF THE REvoLUTIoNIsTs.
ATTITUDE OF THE MoNARcHIsTs AND THE
cLEReY-rRANsFoRMAr OF THE
CIVIL SETNN IOIs'
sox A sraFP CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNE

sov . sr.yP CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRlBUNE.l
Bahia, December 10.
This is the first real centre of information
which have reached in traversing the brazlliah
ooost on tho vav 70 Rio. At Para, Maranhao and
pcrnambuco there we're rumors in the air, but
here there are five daily journals, puDlishing
daily bulletins from Rio, and everything is known
ben, almost as soon as il occurs in the capital
There have been constant exchanges OF mails, ana
all important events have been chronicled here
in special cable dispatches from day to day. Dur
ING the last ten days there has been deep feeling
NJ depression among Republicans. Reports OF the
serious illness of General Fonseca, the PROVISIONAL
President. have been contradictcd and renewed
a few DAYS ago it was currently reported thaU
he was dangerously i'll, and that successor hao
been chosen as the head of the Provisional Gov
ernment. This startling rumor Immediately al
fected exchange. and there was general feehns
Of uncasness Possibly it was circulated for stock
iobbing purposes The latest information from
R;o TODAY points to General Fonseca's recovery
He was seriously i'll when the revolution occurred
and the excitement of the three memorable days
in November caused relapse. His death at tins
crisis in BRAZILIAN affairs would be nothing less
than n catastrophe. He commands popular conii-
dence and his prestige with the army Is very
great. The choice of successor would inevltaoy
create discussions and feuds among the military
officers who are now in supreme control OF ailaHs'
The revolution at Bahia was Temporarily oo-
,tructed by the Monarchists. When the hrst III
telligence of the revolt of the battahons al MO
was received here an extraordinary session OF the
Municipal Council was held, and resolution was
adopted in favor of the Empire Inc garrison
was commanded by General Hermes tonseca' a
brother of the Provisional President. lie refused
20 acknowledge the Republican Government au-
+hor;t,. altbouoh he had received the earliest ad-
y;ces from his brother at Rio. The Provisional
Covornment then sent orders to Colonel Buys TO
arrest the commander and TO take charge OF inc
garrison Colonel Buys. late in the afternoon OF
November 16 astOnished his superior by INFORM
ing him that he was a prisoner " by whose au-
thority ?" the Colonel was asked " by that Oh
General Fonseca, Provisional President OF the
Republic" was the answer Brother was against
brother in this earliest scene OF the revolution aV
Babis. General Hermes FOnseca gracefully ac-
cepted the situation, and was released from ar
rest. Colonel Buys, however, assumed command
Of the garrison, and made arrangements for a
military council of war the next day lie ao-
dressed the officers and the rank and file in front
of the barracks. told them what had been done at
Rio and asked them to declare their preference
for republican form of government Dr. De-
mazio. an ardent Republican, followed him with
an eloquent plea for the establishment OF new
political order The officers and soldiers enthu-
siasticaly adopted a resolution in favor OF the
Republic Dr. DemazO appointed ProVls-
ional Governor. and the Provincial buildings
were occupied by strong detachments OF troops
The soldiers paraded through the streets, shouuhS
for the Republic, and the excitement continued
until late hour On the previous nlght lew
windows had been broken and one residence sur
rounded by q mob; but as soon as the army had
declared for the Republic quiet was restored
The Administration has been quietly conducted
from that day. This is the centre of the Roman
Catholic Church in Brazil, the Archbishop having
his residence here and Cathedral church; The
clergy did not offer open resistance 10 the hepup
lie They were completely daZed by the outbreak
of the revolution. When the Provincial Govern
ment was overturned they readily acquleSced, Dut
prudently RETAINED from committing themselves
without reserve to the new political order lhey
are now taking no part in political discussion -,
The Provisional Government in Rio meanwhile
has been actively employed. IL is Transforming
the Civil Service in all the States, sending out
every day swarm of new officials to administer
the Government and TO supplant Imperial once
holders 1t has doubled the effective strength OF
the army by issuing orders for the recruitment OF
ihe force from ] - 900 to $4,000 men. 1t has IN
creased the pay of officers of the army; III mas
decreed q separation of Church ana stare ~
has sanctioned civil marriage. 1t has decreed
that all who can read and write shall be allowed
10 vote in the ensuing elections IL has declared
that all foreigners who have been In the country
for two wears shall be entitled TO the rights OF
citizenship, unless they officially proclaim their
unwillingness to abandon their rights III thelr
own countries. 1t has instituted many FeIora
measures by which retrenchment Will DE eHecieu
in the administration OF the government
Al the same time some salaries nave
oeen increased The President or Governor
of Bahia formerly received $4,000 a year. lie
is to be paid $4,000 year hereafter. Inc
President of the Republic is to receive S6O,oOO
year-whch is, of course, much less IMAM ihe
cost of the Imperial establishment. Considerable
feeling is manifested here against the increase OF
salaries for the administration of the local gov
rrnment There Is indeed dist ,arneG di Stan
rights feeling here meeting OF the Mumclpal
Council has been held, at which resolution IN
favor of the abrogation of all export duties was
no rrowIv defeated The people of this Province
desire to collect the customs and TO administer
lie government without interference from MO
This is destined to be the South Carolina OF lhe
brazilian Confederation, where exaggerated ldeas
of the rights of the separate States VIII DC au-
Vocated Already il is evident that the mass OF the
population here favor Constitution DaSeu upon
,ba Swiss rather than the American, model.
Each State is to be supreme within lts own Jarls'
diction according to this view, ana the Cohleuera.
zion is 10 lack the efficiency and motive power OF
tba National Government in the United States.
This is one of the dangerous tendencies which the
Republic will speedily be called upon to lace.
Already il is reported that dissensons nave
arisen i'm Rio between two important branches OF
The Provisional Government. The Secretary OF
Agriculture and the Secretary OF Finance nave
nnenly ouarrclled and there serious differences
OF opinion reported among the Ministers. Inc
trouble is nominally attributed TO the patronase
and appointments, but in reaty III mas peen causSu
nv serious differences of opinion respecting the
wisdom of proclaiming an absolute separation OF
Church and State. These discussions are most
inopportune. At the same time lhe uoSeI ~
ment has been weakened by the refusal OF TIE
Emperor to accept the allowance of 500, Ooo
offered TO him from the Treasury. Ills auVlseIs
before he sailed cautioned him against taking tne
money. and thereby compromising the claims OF
his family to the throne. He went to pGriHgaiI
,Titbont The 50 500, 900 which the Provisional
CaS,nrrwent had offered to him, and since his
arrival in Lisbon no authority has been received
from him for carrying out the bargain. Ihe sra sra
Tmncror had literally sold out his rights in the