Morning journal and courier., 1890-11-13
THE mAFIA.

The True origin. or q m4N8n ma Bloody Association as Set Forth by aENeyv Haven Italian n-Inspector Byrnes, Views Corrected. To the Editor of the JOURNAL AND COURIER: In an article appearing in one of last
 weeks edition of the New York Herald, Inspector Byrnes having been called upon by a reporter of that paper, endeavored to give description of the abominable Ma6a,
 arguing from it's history. Before any oth- CT thing, I feel impelled to heartily thank inspector Byrnes for his rare impartiaaity and benevolence shown towards our mis- reprepresented race. But, although un- willingly, must contradict him on the
 theory which he has of the origin of the
 Mafia. From his statement it follows
 that the dreadful association (which hope will soon be extinguished) sprang up from the patriotic one of the Carbona-
 ria. Here Inspector Byrnes is mistaken, for the unsuccessful Carbonaria never had anything to do with the Mafia. History
 tells us that during the time of the French
 rule the most of the intelligent youths of the southern parts of Italy, having no other way of delivering themselves from
 the unbearable- yoke of the French tyran- ny because there was neither free press nor tribune, collected themselves in secret as- sociations and so in darkness prepared conspiracies and revolutions. All tho
 members of the different branches were called Carbonari Charcoal makers) because they used to assemble in the mountains. Several cities were estab- lished for the exchanging of correspond ence, and were known as vendite (mar- kets), where they used to meet, under pre- text of selling coal To this association the potentates of the peninsula, for it sp,ead all over Italy, opposed the religious sect of the Sanfedisti, fol- lowers of the holy faith) headed by pill 1 lar of the Holy See, Cardinal Ruffo, who, in 1779 flooded italy with patriotic blood The Carbonaria was extinguished soon af- and was followed by the Giovane Italia York Italy) founded in Marseil Joseph o Maxzini, and conseorated by | the blood of young Dr. Jacopo Rufini and | of many other fellow victims immolated | on the altar of liberty. This organization l also had very short life, for after the un- l successful enterprise of 1858, attempted l by the noble Bandiera brother, sacrificed
 at Regio Calabria by order of King
 Bomb" Ferdinand II of Naples, all the members were discouraged and the most of
 them abandoned the association, turning their eyes towards the small monarchy of Piedmont, which in those days was cover tug itself with glory on tho battle folds 1 of the Crimea against Russia Q855) being
 in alliance with France and England.
 After the victorious campaigning of
 1859 fought by the Italian volunteers and by the regular national army, assisted by
 Napoleon III, against Austria, finally Italy 1 obtained it's independence and freedom and l all the remainder of the secret associations l went out of existence. In regard to the
 dreadful Mafa nothing is known, as it
 came up in Sicily, where it has been all the
 time. It is known, however, that it was
 made up of not few banditti of the isl
 and, but had no branch whatever in the peninsular parts of Italy, and it's origin is ! uncertain, as history docs not tell us any ! thing about it. Us. List Of Letters
 1 Haven county, state of Connecticut, Wednesday ! November 12, 1690
 LADIES' LIST
 B-Mrs W. Brigham @
 M-Mrs. John Murphy.
 GENTLEMEN's LIST.
 tD-Carlo De Michele, Angelo Dunbrano.
 ! M-Domeuico Hungille.
 R-Jules Ressing.
 fS-Eliphaet Steele.
 tW-Henry l.. White
 ! [Ask for advertised letters" and mention date | of nst.1
 ND. SHERRY. P. M.