The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1890-02-01
REPUBLICANIsM IN BRAZIL.

The Late Revolution n Century
of Efforts tO Overthrow the Monarchy.
From the New York Tribune.
1t il generally understood that repIibli-
can ideas have developed in Brazil sud-
denly, as wisdom sprsnR out from Miner
vas head. The fact is, on the contrary,
that for the last 100 years. republican re-
volts have been ~requcnt i'm that immense
country, when il was under the rule of
Spanish victories. as well as under that
of the two Pctlros. That those revolu-
tionary movements are not better known
is due Z" the distance which separates
North America from Brazil, to the want
of frequent communication at the time
of the Spanish domination. and after
through whose personality alone the.
thing Brazilian.
"Thc fact is" says senior Teixeira.
Republican ideas pr,siotninitcd always
i'm Brazil, and had their martyrs as early
as in the former century. The first revo-
took place in l1.a. in the province of
Minas Genres. Whose. principal martyr.
lisa Dontes. was the first man who shed
his blood ON Brazilian soil for the republic
Gam cause. In ISL, in the province Of
martyrs of the noble idea among Others
Domingo Martins, Miguel Caldas and th..
Rev. Father Roma were shot. That re-
volt was followed up i'm the province of
Northern parahyba, wiler. the leaders
were shot also;. and with them another
i've WV tttfNo haht Sttttt vi
the same republican attempt succumb.d
i'm the provinces of Rio Grande del Nort''
and Aiagoas.
Later ON. in IsoI. another revolution WAS
begun in the north. utslcr the leadership
of Manuel dc Carvalho Paes de Andradc.
The insurgents proclaimed the confed-
cracy of the Eucator. hut were promptly
suhtlucd. and the blood of numerous vi.-
Tins was shed by the first emperor "t
Brazil. But that ~Srnent was not bar
rem Of results. IL had aroused thc public
spirit aud brought about the revolt of
April :. ISL. which sent to- exile Pedro l,
but which failed, however, though il in,
spircd the two brothers Aiidradc Ia pro-
claim the republic, which was the aim
pursued 10y Brazilians, as shown by thei,
former r,.volts. But the people were =,
glad To- get rid of the dctcstcd Pedro l tina
they dill not insist in claiming the estab
lishruent of "A republic. which WAS the log
ical consequence OF the successful rsN.
NutiONtry movement.
During the minority of the young Don
Pedro IL. and especially i'm 1Sca, under ths
regency of Marquis Caravellos Nergers'
claiming the republic, i'm the provinces a
Ccara. Rio Janeiro. Para and Niinas Ger
rts. at the sacrifice of many lives. IL
1885 another revolt occurred i'm the prov
incc of Rio Grande do Sui aud the rcpnb
lie was duly proclaimed at Piratini. Th'
insurgents had a small navy. comma ndcs
by Garil,atli. and AN army led 10y Davit
Cannavarro. The republicans were final
ard was again unfurl.d in the provinces.
of san Pablo and Miias: and again. tn
insurgents were defeated at Santa Lucia
This was the last serious attempt at IA re-
publl..n revolution; the young Dom III
dro III having been proclaimed major. ha'
seized personally the rcins of government
Still republican ideas were scduotisly All
, t"rtaiu.d 10y Brakilians. whose nun,ber ia
creased daily. and TIA, result has bee
seen ia til. last successful revolution a
November Il.