davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30
Dynamite and Drumming.

| a new element has crept into com
MERGE. Last week O'Donovan Rossa
laid down the. bomb Of the anarch for
the cash book Of the drummer and
started out on the road to 'ssell" Albany
and Canajoharie and other unprotected
towns and the people who within them
dwell. Not since the spears Of old were
beaten into pruning hooks has languor
GUS peace smiled more softly than at
this wedding Of dynamite and drumm-
ing. The electric wires which lead
from those towns about to be infested
by the great aynamiter are tingling
expectation. Will they have stories to
tell of the influence Of the powerful ex-
plosive as discOurager of hesitancy
when the overst0cked country merchant
holds back from igiving an Orderly Will
the new drummer be more successful in
the CROSS road stores, where the nearest
neighbor lives miles away. than in
more populous sections, or will his red
lettered card carry sale with it every
where? We await with some interest
reports from the infested district. Ros-
5a's success means the passing of the
pacific element IN commerce, 80 far as
the drummer is concerned at least. I'll
has deeper significance than appears
on The surface. 1t may mean that a
war record will hereafter be an indis-
pensable adjunct Of the perfectly
equipped and successful drummer, and
this picturesque element in commerce
will lend new charm to railway travel,
Where there the drummer of peace &C.
cupies two seats in a railway carriage
nowadays the Rosa type OF salesman
will need how many who shall say? 1t
will be interesting to follow up and
trace out, step by STEP, the influence of
dynamite on commerce.-New York
World.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

Uncle Hiram This is q queer world.
Gothatnite What makes ron think
so. Uncle Hiram &. q. .5ys5s5
al, . FAINTER Teller came down to
my place lust summer and while he was,
loa6n aroun' painted q pitcher Of my
yaller dog. { heard afIerward he sold
.it for 500 SO I brought up the dog,
thlnkin' could Git 1T least cool.
.thousan' for him; but by gosh? I cant
even give him ava
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30
"MINNEAP0LIs IN 1890"
The Excellent Magazine Article Written
by Dr., w. W, EolWall.

The Excellent Magazine Article Written
by DR.. ". w. folweli.
The September number Of the New
England Magazine, published at Bos-
Ion. Mass, will contain a full and ex
hauStlve article ON Minneapolis IN
$780," from the pen Of Prof. w. W..
Folwell, of the university. The proof
sheets made their appearance last week
and are illustrated with a number Of
excellent Photographic views Of the
principal buildings and sights about the
city. The first page contains cut of
The new court house as it will appear
when finished, and gives Typographical
description of the ground upon which
the city is built, AS well as the country
adjacent. DR.. Folwell then goes on to
write of the land, which Lieut.. z. w.
Pike obtained as a grant in 1906, ex-
tending from, the junction Of the MISS
1ssiDpi and Minnesota rivers nine miles
wide, and extending to point above
She Falls Of ST. Anthony, where Frank
lin stesle, a settler at the Ft. Smelling
garrison in 1888, succeeded in laying
out another claim, which covered
ground sufficient to command the power
OF the falls from the east bank to mid
channel. In 1918 Steele built the frst
3 saw mill at this point, and had the
township Of St. Anthony, laid out BY
y. Marshall !, who afterwards became
governor Of the state. In 1919 Col. John
4 Stevens and Robert Smith obtained
B permits 70 take up ferms of 1eO acres.
ont of the reserYatio On the west hank
mo from this time out, says the writer,
ttleTs inunne Bile BEGAN 70 occupy the
n lYing back lof these claims. The
psit having HbY act of congress
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

Cards, letter heads, note heads, en-
yelopes, bill heads, blank receipts, bank
checks, lawyers briefs, and in fact
every thing in the line Of job printing !,
neatly executed blythe Irish Standard z
Job Printing company No. ~ Third
street south. I ms q and q.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

81 Order your ball programmes wed
ding invitations, cards, etc. Of the
III Irish Standard Job Printing COM
psl1ly. Neat work and satisfactory
prices guaranteed ~
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30
Office of Register of Deeds. !
33 II sl.1 +

Office of Register of Leeds,
COUNTY OF HENNEPIN,
STATE OF MINNESOTA.
hereby certify that the within articles was
fled for record in this office on the 18th day of
August, A. D. 1890, at 10 o'clock a. M. and was
duly recorded in took - Of --- page -
/5.5 JNO 3. PETERSON, 4
ByW, e. PLUMMER, Register Of Deeds.
s5 5.s}5 4 Deputy
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30
STATE OF MINNESOTA, 90

srA coGs 1a @ or sTnVfes. s..
j Be it known that,on this 18th day of July, A.
pubic within and for said County and state
aforesaid, personally appeared E. T. o. Brien, to
me personally known to be one of the same psr-
sons described in and who executed the forego-
ing articles of Incorporation and acknowledged
that he executed the same as his free act and
deed for the uses and purposes therein expressed.
IS GEORGE q. SPOONER,
b [Notarial seal] Notary Public, * @
ss Stevens County;
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30
STATE OF MINNESOTA.

STATE OF MINNESOTA.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE.
hereby certify that the within instrument
was fled for record in this Office on the 4th day
of August A. .. 1880, at II o'clock q. M and was
duly recorded in Book ~ of incorporation on
page 508
5e. Secretary OF State.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30
STATE OF MINNESOTA,
~ CnnNrv or HNNNEpIN

sfA co6s ~ on Ml HSFsnp1a. SIS.
Be it known that on this 10th day of J July, 1880,
within and for said County and tate aforesaid,
personally appeared s Arthur Scott, r. O.. Bean,
j s.. Opsahl, J.. w. Earl. N. Kieldson, !. 7.
Brooks, J. A, Folsom, e. j. Kirby and P. A.
same persons described in and who ex ecuted the
foregoing articles Of incorporation, and they
each to me acknowledged that they executed the
same as their free act and deed for the uses and
purposes therein expressed.
Tgs9@ e. SHERWOOD,
ENotarial Seal Notary Public.
~" IA Hennepin Co., MINI.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

Along the Great Northern R'y
Liue in Montana are free ranches
and pasturage, mines Of precious
metals. iron and coal. and new
cities aud towns. Now is your
chance.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

Settlers on free Government INV
lands along the Great Northern lVI
Ry. Line IN North Dakota and
Montana get low rates and hne QhTf
markets for products. uNS
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

Sweet Grass Hills, Milk and eli
Sun River Valleys. Montana, OH
reached only bv thh Great North
ern Railway Line. The Stock III
kaisers' paradise. III
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

lirnNC / These have made Montana the.
NINUS richest State per caDita in the
Union Plenty OF room for Y ORG
RaIAEc miners and stock-reieers, Now
MbVCS 4 is the tine.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

REM 100 or more. along the Great
NEW Northern Railway Line. Bush
ness chances, Write F. I. WHIT
TniuNc INEY, st. Paul. Mimi, for Booksv
IuWNN Maps, &c. Write now.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

fnnHsr Surrounded by a fine agricultEraf
HRfAl and grazing country, close tC
mines Of precious metals. iron
ra1lr and coal, possessing 1VateT
kaIIN power unequaled in America, IL
Fsss's. Is Monuana's industrial centre.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

60 to the Great Reservation Of MifK
Montana and get good freeY WIlkN
hpmestead. Low rates and Free
Sleepers on Great Northern R'yl QluEE
Line. 90 now. t1tthlt'
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

HuNTNG rae sa ssses IN "a A1ss as n : ma
r,o,,luo nesota, Dakota and Montana.
flS1jUu u Best climate for health seekers.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

urkITu In Montana. Free Lands, New
HIhl ILL., Towns, New Railways, New
,uraaTll Mines. Low Rates. Largest area
WIHl III of good vacant land,
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

Home seekers will find the last OF EpEE
the public domain of AGRICULTURAL tslLL
and grazing value along the Great
Northern Ky. in North Dakota lAhnc
and Montana. 4 kANO0
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

ua Msssas 5 Ssse's s the 0R SES
yet in Mouse, Milk and Sun River na1rfc
Valleys and Sweet Grass Hills. III lI.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

nnln The regions tributary to Great
lUlU, Northern Railway Line IN Nom
itana produce sll the precious and
maj baser u etals. New towns aad
UUHt, railways are being built.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1890-08-30

General Passenger Agent. st. Paul.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
Mining ct Butte, Montana.

The Inter-Mountain states that
the depths of the shafts in the lead
ing properties of the district have
been sunk at an expense OF from
SIS to $50 per foot, and the drifts
and crosscuts radiating from them
in every direction, and aggregat-
ing miles in length, have cost an
amount of money beyond the pos
sibility of accurate estimate. These
vast and expensive explorations,
from which the base and precious
metals are being hoisted at a rate
of $40, 100000 year, indicate the
faith of capital in the result of the
present work. Enough has been
proven that Butte has left the "pros-
pecting" era far behind her, and
has entered upon the era of pro-
duction upon basis of ascertained
merit. Out of sixty-four mining
properties which are in active OPP
Grafton, twenty of the number have
attained an average depth of 800
feet and forty-four an average depth
of 800 feet. Three of the principal
mines have a depth of 1000 feet;
two of 1900; one of 1850 and one
of 1900. The same journal says
that list might be given of fifty
other properties with shafts having
an average depth of 100 feet.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
importers Win.

The question as to the rate of
duty to be imposed upon silk rib
bons used for hat trimmings, which
attracted so much attention when
under consideration in the federal
courts of first instance, says Brad
streets, has been passed upon, as
regards one phase at least, by the
supreme court of the United States.
The collectors, as will be remem-
bered, assessed duty on the ribbons
at the rate of so per cent ad valo-
rem, as goods not specially enume-
rated, of which silk was the COM
ponent material of chief value, the
importers claiming that duty should
be assessed at the rate of 20 per cent
ad valorem under the tariff provis-
ion for hat trimmings. The supreme
court has decided in favor of the
importers contention. 1t is esti-
mated that should this decision be
held conclusive of the whole mat
ter, the Treasury will be compelled
to refund duties amounting to
about $6,OOO,OOO." 1t is said by
this decision Postmaster General
Wanamaker will be reimbursed all
the way from 81 100000 to 81, $780,
600 that he had paid in excess of the
lawful duties for the last ten years.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
A Railroad Train Burned.

A west-bound fast mail train on
the Union Pacific was ditched near
Sidney, Neb., on the 9th instant,
caused by the swapping of a frosted
rail. The train consisted of one
baggage, two mail cars, three sleep
ers and a dining car. The two loco
motives drawing the train passed
over the broken rail in safety. A
fire broke out simultaneously in the
baggage and mail car, and quickly
communicated to the other mail
car and two sleepers, and all of
these were totally destroyed, there
being no fire-ighting facilities at
hand. The entire mail, an unusual
heavy consignment, weighed forty
tons. Of this, all the Wyoming,
Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Oregon, Cal
ifornia, Montana and Washington
letters, except few for Utah, were
consumed. Papers for Oregon,
California, Montana and Wyom-
ing were saved, with part of those
for Utah. Thirty four registered
through pouches, containing twen-
ty-fve pieces each, were burned,
together with trunk and two hun
dred way registered packages. The
baggageman was badly bruised.
The chief postal clerk was rescued
from a pile of burning mail bags,
and with the exception Of an old
man and woman who were injured,
the passengers aboard the train
and train-men escaped unhurt.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18

To GEORGE GOULD or his heirs or assigns:
YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT
l have expended the sum of 81 900 in
labor and improvements upon the s lBlue
Jacket lode mining claim. situated on
Eagle Creek. about five miles in north
easterly direction from Wood river and
about eleven miles in northwesterly di-
recti0n from the town of Ketchum. in
Warm Springs Greek mining district, Altu-
ras county, Idaho Territory, in order to
hold said premises under the provisions Of
section 1924, Revised Statutes Of the United
States, being the amount required to hold
the same for the years 1888 to and ending
1889; also, for development work which
was performed by your written consent
during said above mentioned periods OF
time, and for which your proportion is $500
for your One-third interest in said mine or
lode. and if within ninety (8O) days from
the service Of this notice, or within ninety
(90) days after this notice by publication,
yeu fail or refuse to contribute your pro-
portion OF such expenditure ~ co-owner
your interest in said claim will become the
property of the undersigned, under the pro-
visions Of said section 2S2l.
CAD AYLWIN.
oakland. CAL, Oct. l6. l8eo.
First publication, Nov. 2, 1880.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
REPUBLISHED NOTICE OF
Application for Patent.
Notice No. 1&.

UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE.
HALEY, Idaho, September ,, 1889.
Notice is hereby given that John II.
Lewis. whose postoffice address is hech'
UNI, Alturas county, Idaho Territory, has
made application for United States Pat
cnt for the
'"IMPERIAL"
Placer Mining Claim. situate in Warm
Springs Greek mining district Alturas
county, Idaho Territory, consisting OF -
described in the field notes and plat Of the
official survey on file in this office, with
magnetic variation at l8 degrees and ~
minutes east, as follows:
Commencing at corner No. 1, as the m
itial point. and running thence south De
grees 80 minutes east 1856 feet to corner
No. 2; thence south 81 degrees % minutes
west 825 feet to corner No. 3: thence north
degrees 81 minutes west 1856 feet to cor
ner No. 4 thence north 81 degrees y mn.
utes east 825 feet to corner No. l, the place
of beginning survey of exterior boundaries
of claim; containing 20 acres no conflice.
From corner No. 2 the quarter section
corner between sections Is and Is, Towii-
ship north. Range 18 east, bears north %
degrees AZ minutes east 7O6 feet distant, :,
The said mining claim being of record II
the Office of the Recorder OF said mlnlis
district, at HALEY, in Alturas county, ida,
no Territory. The nearest known Locations,
being the Memphis" and the ''Buckhorn
lode mining claims.
direct that tins notice be published IN
THE KIrCHUM KEYSTONE, the newspaper
published nearest the said mining claim
for the period of sixty days.
H. o. BILLINGS, Register.
WV. HYNDNAN. Atty for Applicant.
First publication, Sept. !, 1889.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
Hon. JOHN S. WISE of New York,

Hon. JOHN S. WISE of New York,
who is well posted in sporting mat
tiers, in speaking of the recent trip
of President Harrison and party
to Virginia waters, says they are
liable to a fine and confiscation of
their fowling pieces. "Why?" he
was asked by friend to whom he
was talking. Because there is a
statute which expressly provides
that any nonresident of the state
who shall kill ducks below tide
water in that state shall be amena-
BILE to such punishment" It is
bad enough for the President to be
charged with the murder of the
black pig, taking it to be coon,
and it would be worse to have him
brought before a Virginia magis-
trate for violation of the game law.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18

THE troubled life of Mrs. Han
nah Southworth, who shot and
killed Stephen Pettus, whom she
alleged betrayed and ruined her,
has ended at last. She died in un-
consciousness on the 9Th inst. in a
little cell in the Tombs at New York
where she had been a prisoner since
last November. The last words
that Mrs. Southworth uttered were
those of prayer, and even after she
had ceased to whisper, her lips
moved as she followed the words
of the prayer book which were re-
peated by her mother in low tone.
Her life was undoubtedly wrecked
by the man she slew in her despe-
ration. 1t appears to have been a
sorry tragedy from first to last, and
1t is we'll perhaps that it has ended
thus.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
Notice of Forfeiture.
To JOHN SHAD and J. w. WILLARD, or their
heirs or assigns:

To JOHN SHAD and J. w. WILLARD, or their
heirs or assigns:
You are hereby notified that l have ex-
pended the sum of two hundred (2OO) dol
lars in labor and Improvements upon each
of the following lode mining claims, situat-
ed in Warm Springs Creek mining district,
Alturas county, Idaho Territory in order
to hold said premises under the provisions
of Section 1924, Revised Statutes of the
United States, being the amount required
to hold the same for the years ending
December 81, 1888, and 1889, to-wit: the
TRAPPER and TlPTOP lode min
ing claims; that your proportion of the
same is as follows, to-Yit: for the said
John Shad. $66.663S, being one-third, for
each of the above lodes, and for the said
J. w. Willard, $e6.6625, being one-third,
for each of the above lodes and if within
ninety (9O) days from the service of this
notice. or within ninety (90) days after this
notice by publication you fail or refuse to so
contribute your proportion of such expend-
iture as co-owners, your interests in said
claims will become the property of the un-
dersigned, under the provisions of said Sec
ton 1924 NICK SULLIVAN.
Ketchum, I. T. January 2, 1890.
First publication, Jan. %, 1900
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18

two children. The account further
saws that he fancied he had been
cured of rheumatism, his wife fan
cied she had been cured OF heart
disease, his son fancied he had been
cured Of a penchant for drink, and
his little daughter fancied her ap-
petite was improving. Mrs. Elzey
fancied that her pet cat had been
cured of whooping cough by faith.
There were many other cases equal
" marvellous recorded, and in graf
itude Elzey built chapel. On New
Years day the grip" came in at
the Elzey door and the faith cure
went out at the window. Faith
could do nothing against the grip"
and the doctors had to be sum-
moned. The grip" spread in the
congregation and SO did the doc
tors. The pastor, Rev. Mr.. George,
has changed the memorial faith cure
chapel into a free mission chapel.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18

FROM reports obtained from tie
State Treasurers throughout the
country, the New York World fig
ures out an increase in this coun-
try's property since 1880 of $685.
100000, and in actual wealth of
$18, 1852 100000. The total wealth is
$61 ,459, OO0,0 900, exclusive of public
property ,and$3, COS, 100000 of prop
erty invested and owned abroad.
The wealth of the United States now
exceeds the wealth of the whole
world at any time previous to the
middle of the 18th century, and the
amount invested abroad is alone
equal to the national wealth of Por-
tugal and Denmark. The total
wealth of only five nations is equal
to the mere increase of the United
States in the past nine years,
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
Notice Of Forfeiture.

To THOMAS B. SHAW, his heirs, personal
representatives and assigns, and to whom
it may concern:
You are hereby notified that have ex-
pended the sum of one hundred (1OO) dol
lars in labor and improvements upon the
BLUE BIRD lode mining claim, sit
uated in Sawtooth mining district. Alturas
county, Idaho Territory, in order to hold
said premises under the provisions of Sec
ton 1924, Revised Statutes of the United
States, being the amount required to hold
the same for the year ending December 81,
ture as co-owner is twenty-five U.s. dollars,
being One-fOurth, and if within ninety days
from the service of this notice, or within
ninety days after this notice by publication
you fail or refuse to contribute your pro-
portion of said expenditure as co-own:.r,
your interest in said claim will become the
property Of the subscriber under said Sec
ton 1924. LEWIS J. BAKER.
Ketchum, l: T., January Is, 1890.
First publication, Jan. Is, 1890.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18

To T. E. CLoHEcY and Mas C. F. CLoHEcf'
their legal heirs or representatives:
YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED, IN
L dividually and severally. that the u,n,
dersigned has expended the sum OF ono
hundred 100 dollars in labor and improve
ments upon the NJ lode mn,
ing claim, situated in SawtOoth mlhlns
district, Alturas county, Idaho Te5rlto ~
in odrer to hold said premises under .n ns
provisions of Section 2$24, Revised Statues
of the United States, being the amoun,, nc
quired to hold the same for the year endlnS
December 81, 1889; that your propoItloln. nj; u
the same is ~ follows, to-wit: for the ss sa'"
T. r. Cl0hecy, twenty 20 dollars, oe Gn'
one fifth, and for the said Mrs. c. +. CvS,
hecy, ten 10Y dollars, being one tenth, sas
Il within ninety (eO) days from the o sel laws
after this notice by publication you fan ,o ~
refuse 90 contribute your proportion OF suSs
expenditures as co-owners, your interest," ~
In said claim will become the properly ~ ~
the undersigned, under the proy1sloHMS ~
said Section 1884. 7. F. SHAW
Keechum. Idaho, January 2, 1880:
First publication, Jan. 4. lS00
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
Snakes in His Blood,

An interesting case has been re-
ceived at the Johns Hopkins Hos
pital, Baltimore, Maryland: The
patent has animals in the shape of
snakes living in his blood. He is
from Charleston, S. c., and has suf-
fered from his peculiar disease more
or less for twenty years. Many
times his blood has been examined
under the microscope, and the snake
shaped parasites have always been
present. The blood for examina-
ton has generally been drawn from
q finger tip. This is the first case
OF the kind to put in appearance at
Johns Hopkins Hospital, and few
doctors in the United States have
personal knowledge of the disease.
The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1890-01-18
Notice Of Forfeiture.

To DANIEL A. MARTIN, or his heirs or as
signs:
YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT
i l have expended the sum of one hun
dred (1OO) dollars in labor and improve
ments upon the ESSEX lode mining
claim, situated in Warm Springs Creek
mining district, Alturas county, Idaho Ter
ritory, in order to hold said premises under
the provisions of section 1924, Revised Stat
utes of the United States, being the amount
required to hold the same for the year end
ing December 81, 1889; that the proportion
Of said expenditure due by you, Daniel A.
Martin. is $66.66A. being two-thirds, and
if within ninety 1907 days from the service
of this notice. or within ninety (9O) days
after this notice by publication you fail or
refuse to contribute your proportion of
such expenditure as co-owner, your inter-
est in said claim will become the property
of the undersigned, under the provisions
of said section 1924. FRED. KING.
Ketchum. l. T., January 2. $780,
First publication, Jan: 4, 1880.