davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
PROFICIENT IN MILITARY SCIENCE.
High Hnnk of u. V. NJ. and Norwich Uni
vcrsity students in Drill, Etc.

The war department at Washington re
Quires the regular officer detailed as pro
fessor OF military science and tactics at the
colleges throughout the United States to
report the names of the students of the
graduating classes VINO are most proficient
in military science "A record OF which is
kept on file in the adjutant general S Office
at the war departments Washington. d. c.
The following extracts are taken from tn"
record.
University of Vermont and $. A. e.,
Burlington, VT: First Lieut.. Albert s.
Cummns 18th artillery, L. S A., profes-
sor OF military science and tactics, reports
the following as having shown special apti-
tude for military service: George IIalsey
Claflin, Walter Chaplin Flanders, George
Isaac Forbes Marshall Avery Howe and
Eddy Sherman jackson.
The three who stood the highest in the
military department are as follows: First,
Eddy sherman jackson; second, George
Isaac Forbes; third, Marshal Avery Howe.
Norwich university, Northheld, VI: Sec
ond Lieut., j. Mel. Carter, Sd cavalry, L.
s. A.. professor OF military science and
tactics, reports the following being the
most distinguished students in military
science and tactics at this university
Charles +. Parker, Homer j. Dane, Ira L..
Mower.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
THE MoRRlsrOwN CELEBRATION.


Theopen ing event of Morristown' s centen-
nial week occurred at the first Congregational
church Sunday forenoon, An immense congre
CATION was present and an impressive centen-
NAL sermon was delivered by Rev. William
Robinson, ID. ID. of llorner, n y, u
native Of this town. His text was
taken from first Samuel VI; -,
his particular theme being " Hitherto hath
the Lord helped us The speaker present
ed many deeply interesting reminencenses
connected with the early church and roligi-
Gus work and referred TO the meeting of l3
of the early inhabitants who met in "A
barn and formed the church in whose meet
ing house to-day's services We're held. The
settlers first built churches and school house
and then raised men who had been a
power and service in the world He cited
instances of the first development of God
and true IDEAS in town churches and aca-
denny. Taking the past for an inspiration
he urged the citizens to look well to the
future and hand over TO their children their
heritage unmarried Following the sermon
hymn 10y +. b. Fisk poet, of the day with
music by the church organst, was rendered
| by a double quartctte.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
sleeping Cars DeraiIed.

HELENA, Mont, July 1.-Two sleeping
cars were dorailed on the Northern Pacific
railroad yesterday. One lady passenger
was killed and a, NJ otto, auditor Of tho
Northern Pacific Express company had
were injured.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
V.teransWilIbe There.

Starts Sd Vermont Battery is to have n
reunion in the English High and Latin
school building, Boston, Thursday morning,
AUGUST II. Soventy-tive of the survivors
hnve promised to be present.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
Light Years and II Months for Stealing


NEW YORK, july 2.-I. b, Lowtz and
Robert l.. Wallace, who pleaded guilty to
tho theft of SjS, 600 worth Of bonds from
the vault of William Wallace, proprietor Of
Wallaco's Monthly, were sentenced to-day
each to 8 years and II months imprison-
ment with hard labor.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
A servian Consul Murdered.

BELGRAp, July IN. Marnkovics,
Servian cousel at Pristina, Romania, has
been murdered. The Servian government
is making an inquiry into the details of the
murder.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04

Boston, July 1.-The House this after
noon passed the West End street railway
bill, to be engrossed, by vote Of 81 to 50,
with eight palrs and 80 members not yot-
ing.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
FRANKLIN COUNTY REPUBLICANS.
A Good Ticket Nominated at Enosburgli
Falls.

At the Franklin county republican con-
vention at Enosburgh Falls, Rev. +. j.
Ranslow of Swanton, presided These can
didates were chosen For States attorney,
Ak. Brown of Rchford sheriff, b. f.
Kelley; high hailir, John +. Draper of
Sheldon: county commissioner, George L.
Clapp of Montgomery first senator, II. NJ.
Stevens of St Abans; second senator, f..
i. Adams of Swanton; third senator, W.
II. Fairchild of Fairfield; assistant judges,
$. p Carpenter of Richford, ", II. Stiles
of Montgomery; probate judge, NJ. W.
Bailey of St Albans; county committee,
George T. Chds of st. Albans, W. H. Nc
Alister of Enosburgh, l.. II. FELTON, of
Franklin, Harmony regned.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
FARMERS CLUB AT POMFRET.
Practical Subjects of Interest to Farmers
AhIy Discussed.


The Pomfret Farmers club held one Of
its quarterly meetings, June 2I The meet
ing was pronounced the best yet held.
President c. p Thacher, presided. o. M.
Tinkham gave some factors essential in the
making of a "good neighborhoodn a few
of which are: Surroundings, sociability,
charity for the rights of other, universal
harmony and f-preservation, Andrew
Bugbee and Hon. Crosby approved Mr..
Tinkham's suggestions, adding that they
desired especially that neighborhoods and
towns be loyal.
Capt IL. n. Bruce would have the sub.
iect extended to the different parts of the
town, county and State. Noung men can
live and get on in Vermont if they will
live as they ought TO live; the West is a
| lottery, Vermont is sure. Dana Burbank
and Harry Allen would cultivate charity
abroad, don't be ashamed Of your calling.
/ Learn of each other no better place to do
this than at the farmers meetings
| IN essay was read by Myrtle Thacher
which brought out interesting thoughts and
useful suggestions. This was followed by
interesting talks by Eta Adams and Mrs.
Fred Davis. The former contrasted South
ern farming to that in Vermont and the
latter giving a brief history of the Ran
dolph Normal school
Hon Crosby Milor consid RS the sub
ject of improvement OF all TIE industrial
| pursuits and occupations, farmers are said
to be the slowest TO make i'm rovements,
The Farmers club and its lari gatherings
showed a desire of improveme and a de
sire to improve is the first gret Ttep to at
| tainment.
T. c. sherburno thought th' the man
wha raised tho largest crop. a yproduced
the largest amount Of any give hing was
not the successful farmer. SeoFe d com
Portable crop, not the most That can be
produced.
H. W. Vail would not have farmers dc
too much experience must guide us, what
can be produced at the least cost is making
the most money and Is the most profitable.
He would produce all he could, 'he best he
could and with as little cost as possible
Papers by Walter Perkins and Anna
Vaughan, gave brief history # the Far
mer club, etc. The exercises were inter
spersed with music
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04
THE FIRST DISTRICT CAMPAIGN.
Batchelder Men at Rupert.

At the Republican caucus held at Rupert,
John f. Sheldon and Grant NJ. Morey were
elected delegates to the district conventon'
Both are Batchelder men.
Powers Mcn at Huntington.
Huntington says Powers is the msn.
Delegates to the district convention are Hem
ry Brewster r. y. Norton, G. b. Andrews
Alternates, b. =. Spraguc, y. \. Carpenter
Harry Ross Nc'l 2 to Gj.
Bolton tor rowcr..
At the Bolton caucu, thc following dele
gates were elected 90 thcdi,trict conventioni
Charles NJ. Berry, Edwin " Cllton, both
for Judge Powers.
South Burlington for Powers.
At the South burlington caucus held
Thursday June 26, two delegates, John +.
Smith and Elenzer Taft, were unanimously
elected to the district convention. Both tot
Powers for Congress
The HincsburGh Delegates.
j. H. Allen, Frank Flagg, Andrew Cur
rcy and George Love were elected delegates
to the district convention instructed for
Powers, 1O6 to j3.
Richmond Elects Delegates who Favor
Judge Powers for Congress.
The republicans of Richmond held an en-
~ G. -
.nuolo9Cio cuUous on 'nr 'r0'i'it5 r y, 'r ,
Y, Nen q, r., -. hnul e"s' IIt ~,
-, a. o. -" li'loiI,p "Gio '"o5rn $50
- - - - - 60 C,,.r.
i'iIouS ioi " uuso 0"e'' ~
hatcheider Delegates from "il'''""'
A caucus, which brought out nearly every
republican voter in town, was held on the
evening of the 2jth to elect delegates TO the
district convention Batchelder delegates
We're elected by a vote Of 1O1 to 81. The
delegates are Smith Wright, John White
comb, NJ. W. Clark.
po,,.o., torr,,c,eido-
;,
r. Naru r. -NHe'' F. d, 9I'eoI"9 anu
UuTuNeI l. "rhe' were ''eCteu as uo'e50'eS
at ." nu' 10 utOou" ,Ho "'a'''0' Oon'en-
Ulon' <Al' are b"Icu-'"cr "l7u
Brandon Tor Powers
Brandon sends seven Powers delegates to
the district conventions
,,,.ho.+or r,r povor.
~,
me loi'o"InE .'.7i'7' N'I7 e'''y'i -
90. '',''' ,,'..1
!, 1i',,'''. CD ns,, au
ior 'u'se 'o"e'S'
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04

HAvERHILI, Mass, July 2.-Tho attenc
ance at kenosha riding park races TODAY
was very large, and the track was in excel.
lent condition. In tho 2:35 class, purse
$500, b. IN. Minnie X, Charles Gapp Of
Bridgewnter owner, won in three straight
heats best time, 2:3j.
The West End Railway Bill Passed.
BosroN, July ,. The Senate this afternoon
passed the West End Railroad bill just as il
was received from the House.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04

Peabody Institute mt Dnnvers Burned.
The Peabody institute at Danvers Mass
was burned to the ground Wednesday. The
loss is so. 900,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1890-07-04

At the Republican caucus held at Rupert,
John f. Sheldon and Grant NJ Morey were
elected delegates to the district convention.
Both are Batchelder men.
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14
CONVENTION NOTES

Senator McTaggart, of Montgomery
county, was delegate Yesterday and did
effective work on the floor.
y f. johnson, OF Valley Center, stood
for the northern tier of the great state OF
Sedgwick in the convention,
The delegation from kinsman arriving
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14

The Knights of Honor will have public
installation on Wednesday evening, jan
uary Is. at their hall, Getto block. The
evenings entertainment TO consist OF short
addresses by members of the order, sup
per, dancing and amusements for the
children. None but members OF order.
their families, and especially invited
guests Will ne admitted. 1t is not for the
benefit OF the public; only for the order
All members of the order. thelr wives and
children. are earnestly requested TO come,
bring a basket and have a good time
Brother Knights 90 not forget the time;
Wednesday eve. By order OF the com
p,ittee.
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14
ANNOUNCEMENTS.

Regular meeting Of Wichita encamp-
ment, No. %, l. Q. o f. this evening at
7:30 p. n. Work in the degrees by the en-
campment team. Installation of officers
for the ensuing term. All members are
requested to be present; visiting patriarchs
welcome. \ lunch will be served during
the evening. K. \. SPEARS.
A J. APPLICABLE. {. p.
Scribe.
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14
ADJUSTMENTS.
CRAWFORD GRAND.


On Thursday, for one night only, at the
Crawford Grand, "Our Irish Visitors" will
make their appearance. The sale of seats
will commence this morning at . O'Clock
These comedians are we'll known and they
need no introduction to the Wichita thea
tire goers. The Pittsburg Leader notices
them as follows:
An uproar ousy funny entertainment is
being given this week at tie BlJou Thea
ire under the title OF ''Our Irish Visitors "
In this piece Messrs. Murray and Murphy
have valuable property If they coutlnue
in the cast for they both made hits last
night. Mr.. Charles W. Young and Mr..
Richard Morosco also deserve mention.
The show i "A good one.
CLEvELALD-HAvERLT.
The Cleveland and Haverly Ministries
will open at tn, Crawford Grand on Satur-
day night. The sale OF seats will open
"Wednesday morning, January 10, at 9
o'clock.
That was tremendous jam at the big
Grand en- Monday night At least fifteen
minutes before the curtin rose there WAS
not seat left. The gallery gods seemed
to be hang NJ by theit eyebrows Cleve-
lands combined minstrel troupes present
the greatest aggregation of burnt cork
known to the universe. The aggregation
is to the Hsverly Mastodons as the old
Mastodops were to happy Cal Wagner 5
MINISTRIES. There were upheaYals of APP
piause and hurricanes of laughter. II was
q red-letter day in minstrelsy. IL was q
long bill. but none too long for the enthu-
sisstic sudience These great burnt cork
romedl ms supplied the run: Willis P
Eweatnam, Billy Rice, Ed. Crawford,
Charles Frazer and Ed. Marble. There
was enough vocal and instrumental music
TO supply two grand concerts. From the
receptiou. we verify believe that the COM
bined trunpes could take the Metropolitan
opera house aud fill it for halt the season.
Those marvellous japanese jugglers were
also aggregated" and gave splendid
fuale to the show.-New York Dramatic
News.
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14

UTHnGaAPHE SD Prihec l.erts,
lUHil Hs@ds, sese Hseas. Esvesot~~.
1ttlftJ bnfcs>s Csrd., Wedding ri
Party Invi.ssions, Calling Carts
Lnnchson Cares, BocaA Ne, assxes. Ce-rie-
csscs of S'ock. etc. a. - Wieaata EAGz
sMpA WtchttA. XAnn0.
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14

The second knights Templars social
viii take place at Beal's academy tonight.
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14

When BABY vas sick. We gave re- C-stoa,
When sne xas Cssid, size cried to- Cassc-1a
When she became Nsss. she chung 70 Cas-oz-A,
When sac h2i Caiitrsa, Sas gave them Cas'osiA
Wichita eagle., 1890-01-14

..Do You tank bicycle riding Is fAnrS
Oft
=-'- --Varre-is Psgar-
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-11-20
FOUR FAvoRIrEs IN FRONT.
Plungers at Nashville Make a
Killing.

NASHVILLE, Tenn, Nov. 19.-The
weather was clear and chilly this after
noon. but large crowd attended the
races at West Side park. The track is
still very slow. ALI the favOrites, but
Clifford, won. Summary:
First race, purse for two-year-olds, halt
mile-LorenZO won, Georgia Hunt second,
Bob McCort third Time, 544.
Second race. purse for three-year-olds and
upwards, thirteen-sixteenths of mile
Frank Shaw won. Bridgellght second, Dick
Delaney third. Time. 1:31l2.
Third race, selling. for three year-olds and
upwards, six turlongs-Lucy won, Leman
second, St Paul third. Time, 1:2284.
Fourth race, handicap. for three year-olds
and upwards, mile and an eighth-Cashier
S SSe; ''i'0f' second fan'aie''e 'hir'' lime
Fifth race, selling for th1ee-year-olds and
upwards. fifteen-sixteenths of a mile-Remini
won, Lady Blackburn second, Dyer third
Time, :44l2.
ENTRIES FOR TODAY
First race, five furlongs seling-Corinne
Kinney, 1903; Lee S, LOG; Joe Woolman, log;
Laura DoXy. 10Y.
Second race, fifteen-sixteenths of a mile,
selling-J A Brady, SO; Consiguee. los;
Silver Lake, ITO; Robin, ia; Vermont
III.
Third race, eleven-sixteenths of a mile,
selling-Maggie B. 10Y; Expense, 108; ked
Il OAi loO, 0IcdI CCOtts 1UOs Neltle .heHI
ITO; Fred DAVIS Ito; W, Ill; Dick De,
aney, lib.
Fourth race. handicap, mile and six
teenth-Gray Cloud, 100; Silver Lake, 1O6
Polemus. 10; Buckler, l12.
Fifth race. six furlongs, selling-Haram-
boure, l04; Dyer, 10Y; Event, 10Y; John
Adams, 10Y; Kemp Dellard, 10Y; Lady
Blackburn, 1US; Mark S, ITO; Gray Cloud
lis.
Selections: Corinne Kinney and Joe
Woolman; second race. Consignee ana Sill
yer Lake; third race, G W and Maggie B;
fourth race, Polemus and Gray Cloud; fifth
race, Dyer and Haramboure.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-11-20
CONVICTIONS DON'T COUNT.
Dillon and O'Brien Have Been
UniuStlY TmnriSOned Refnre

Unjustly Imprisoned Before.
BUFFALO, n. Y, Nov. 19.-Messrs.
Dillon, O'Brien and Sullivan arrived
here this morning and addressed meet
ing in Music hall tonight. The news of
the sentences imposed upon Dillon and
O'Brien by the magistrates at Clonmel
was conveyed to those gentlemen by a
reporter. In reply, Mr.. O'Brien said:
at makes no difference to us. We
shall do our duty here, stay in this
country as long as we intended to, and
go back just when we like. irrespective
of what has been done on the other side
by police courts or what not"
When do you expect to go back?"
about the time that the spring Ses-
sion of parliament is called together
that's in February, | Think
us it true that the American Irish
party is drafting manifesto express
ing complete confidence in Parneli?"
NO; nothing of the kind has been
done yet 1t may be, of course, but
have heard nothing of it yet"
DO you think it likely that Parnell
will still retain the leadership of the
Irish parliamentary party?"
II have no doubt of ito said Mr..
O'Brien, and Mr.. Dillon said those were
his sentiments. T. p. Gill, NJ. p, stated
tonight that the Irish delegates in this
country had cabled to their colleagues
i'll Ireland to the following effect:
They stand firmly by the leadership of the
man who has brought the Irish people
through unparalleled difficulties and dangers
from servitude and despair to the verv
threshold of emancipation with courage
and success unequaled in Irish history. And
they do so, not only out OF gratitude for
theSe unparalleled services in the past, but
III the profound conviction that Parnell' s
craftsmanship and matchless Qualities as a
leader are essential to the safety of the Irish
cause
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-11-20

GUTENBERG, n. j., Nov. 19.-Racing
will be resumed here tomorrow, with
the following Introductory card:
First race, five furlongs-King Eric, 100:
Lakeview, la; Chancellor, I12; Painkiller,
112; Leo H. 100; Salisbury, 100: Blanche
100; Equality, 100; Servia, 109; Ssxony.
10Y; Successor, 10Y; Oracle NJ 1O4; Harry
Kuhl, I04; Brownnett, "a.
selling-Rancocas, III; Blantyre, 1I2; Can.
ulin, 100; Anomaly, l05; Aftermath, IOi
Armour, 90; Evangeline, 81; Paromina, II.
Third race, three-quarters of a mile. selling
-Bushbolt, 1O5; Little Fred, los; frankie
T. 100; w B II, 100: Sir David, 100; Hascot,
100: Graylock, 80; Ketchum, IS; Mauye, 95
Chatter, 80.
Fourth race, mile and sixteenth-Now or
Never l12; Kenwoed, 10S; Folsom. IO5
Esquiman. los; Warpeak, 1O4; Drizzle, lO2:
Pilgrim, 100; Can Can, 10l; Granite, 81;
Wahoo, 81.
Fifth race, six and a half furlongs. selling
-Kenwood, 1872; Carnegie, les; Cortez.
los; Iago. log; Gunshot, 1O5; Rambler.
1o5: Little Minnie. los; Facial B. los;
Pericles, 105; Tom Daily, IO2; Oarsman, 80.
Sixth race, seven furlongs. seiling-Black
Thorn, 1872: Coldstream, 1I9; Peril. Il9;
Jack Bachelor, ia; Landseer, lI3: Rapiue'
ITO; Lonely, ITO, Gen. Boulanger. 1O7;
Marty B. 1U7; Cupid, 1O4; Copperfield, 1o4 :
Jersey Pat, 102; Extra. 10l; Sourmash.
1O1; Mohican. 80.
Selections: First race, King Eric and Lake
view; second race, Rancocas and Evange-
line; third race, Bushbolt and Graylock !:
fourth race, Now or Never and Can Can:
fifth race, Kenwood and lago; sixth race
Black Thorn and Jersey Pat. !!
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-11-20
GEN. BROOKE COMMAND.
He Will Direct the Movements of
Troops.

OMAHA, Neb., Nov. 19.-Gen. Brooke,
commander of the department of the
Platte, left for the scene of the expected
Indian troubles last night at IL o'clock.
lie was accompanied by his aide. Lieut..
Charles M. Truitt, of the Twenty-first
infantry. This will place the general a
few hours later than the two special
trains which last night left Fort Omaha
with the wagons and Companies A, b,
Z and ID. of the Second infantry. Gen.
Brooke'S command will, it is expected,
leave Rushville tonight, and the cav
airy are under orders to move from
there not later than IL o'clock %.
M, with the aim of reaching Pine
Ridge agency by O'Clock tomorrow
morning. The intention of the COM
mander is to mass as many troops as
possible at the same moment in the VI
entity of the agency. This demonStra-
ton it is thought will have beneficial
effect upon the Indians, and at the same
time deter them from attempting an at
tack, which 1t is feared they might do if
the military attachments should be
found to be small and widely separated.
Agent RyOr, at Pine Ridge, has tele-
graphed the general repeatedly, and
when the order was issued centering
Tile SHUTTERS Ill Tie Vicinity OF MS station
begged that the information might be
withheld from the newspapers. He
feared that it would reach the savages
as soon as it would be settled and be-
fore the troops could prevent it
the Indians would massacre every
white person found on the reservation.
1t has later been announced that the
Indians of Rosebud have risen en-
masse and were proceeding TO Pine
Ridge, the adjoining agency which is
about fifty miles distant, If it should
prove to be weli-founded, all the avaia-
bic troops of the department will be
ordered out Immediately to the scene of
the trouble. So far as known, the
troops of the department of Dakota
have not as yet been called for. If they
should be demanded, they would go
under the command of Gen. Ruger, COM
mander of that department., who being
the senior, would assume command of
the forces in the field, No word was
received at Fort Omaha to-day, regard
ing Companies E. f. G. and H., which
remain at that place. These and their
commanders are ready to move at a
moments notice.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1890-11-20
LED BY TWO DULLES.
A Few Bucks at Pine Ridge Who
Will Be Disciplined.

RUsHvILLE, Neb., Nov. 19.-As soon
as troops arrived here to-day couriers
rushed with the news to Pine Ridge
Agency. Word was received from this
agency tonight that the bad Indians
under Red Cloud and Little Wound
declare that they will meet the
troops in battle tomorrow. Agent
Roger was interviewed. He said his
Indian police were powerleSS. One of
them, Thunder Bear, arrested bad
Indian last Saturday, but was over
powered by others and the prisoner was
released. Several other prisoners were
released and the rebels threatened to
burn the agency buildings. Rover has
been sending his reports recently to
the War Department, and the In
dams were not aware of the
coming of the troops until to-
day. He relates that on Monday
he was approached from behind by a
bad Iudian who drew knife and threat
ened to kill him. Roger was unarmed
and at the Indians mercy. The latter
for some reason desiSted.. Royer tried
to get him arrested but could not. The
Indians at Rine Ridge are about
equally divided among good and bad.
Red Cloud and Little Wound have been
Iermentlng trouble Tor several weeks.
while American Horse and "Young-
Observation-Disclosures" have tried
to pacify the warriors. Last week a
big meeting was held about thirty
miles from Pine Ridge at which a re-
puted apostle of the Messiah was pres
ent. He told the Indians to return to
the agency and await the coming of the
Messiah. who is to arrive to morrow i'm
the form Of buffalo. He will give the
signal for the opening of the conflict