Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-09-26


The farmer. he said is the most important
man IN the world. He feeds and clothes
the population. and here the speaker
told the tillers Of the soil when
they 90 into the city they must
not feel that they are beneath the bug mer
chants. but must consider themselves the
cqual Of any man. Don't 90 criDglng
into The stores" he said. "and think that
the proprietor is stopping to speak TO you.
for Won are lust "a good as he"
With REGARD 20 reciprOcatiOn Mr.. Curtis
said no agreed with Mr. Blaine. When
this country gives a market for the goods
Of some other country we should also re-
oeivo IN return a market for our produce.
TooMUcH TERRITORY.
Mr.. Curtis said the farmers Of Virginia
cover too much territory. They should
try and cover more ground as soverelgns
aud less as farmers. He saw enough land
between Alexandria and Richmond for a
whole State.
tie urged intelligent farming. When
this is adopted the boys will not run 10 the
cities or go out West, and many persons
who have gone West Will return TO VIZ
Pinia. .-
In concluding his remarks Mr.. Curtis
talked a short time about the raising OF
stock. The only way 70 make money at
7 HIS business. Ht -hi4. - W N'4i NtiN
when they are young He gave chemical
illustration Of the value Of certain food
products for the production of milk and
the promotion of growth IN animals.
The address was declared by the farmers
TO be the best they had ever listened TO-;
The speaker had splendid attention, and
several times he was interrupted nth
questions. all Of which he answered
promptly.
At the close Of his remarks recess was
taken until 2.lj o'clock.
Afternoon Session.
Upon reassembling Professor w. +. Mae
sew, Of the North Carolina Experimental
Station. was introduced TO deliver an al,
dress on 1.-The Dairy Cow and How ofeed
Her"
The speaker said though he was native
of Virginia he would have 10 say that IN
some matters regarding farming North
Carolina is ahead of this state. She IS also
somewhat in tho lead as an alliance State.
He had great faith in farmers Institutes
and was glad TO see such "a good beginning
in the Old Dominion.
The speaker then delivered n very in
structive address upon the COW ana the
food that should be given her. lie argued
that the COW should be selected with re-
gard TO the use that is 10 be made OF her.
She should be looked upon IA machine
TO convert food into n certain product. III
II IS proposed TO use her as mixer the
breed best adapted 20 that purpose should
be selected and the same should be done II
il is contemplated TO make beef OF her.
The address abounded in scientific facts,
the value Of different food for certain pur-
poses being clearly explained.
The talk seemed 20 make good impress
sion.
EUTTrB-MABIN0.
When Professor Massey had concluded
his remarks Mr. Curtis gave a short talk
on butter-making. No one will confess, lie
said That he makes inferior butter, but
thousands of pounds OF bad
butter are annually stored away IN the
warehouses of tho great cities unit for
use, thus showing how much time ana
money are literally wasted. There are IN
New York State $50 00I farmers, 300, 200 or
whom are more or less interested IN the
dairy business. Two thirds OF them de
mend upon this industry for Their liveli-
hood. There il invested IN this business
in the State of New York S3jO.OOO,0OO and
there is no wonder that with sucn capi.
tai behind 1t this interest Is well provided
for by legislation.
One cause Of bad butter, be continued
il that the milk is left standing too long IN
TN pans This practice proceeds from
false ideas of economy, the impression pe-
inc that the longer tho milk stands the
more cream will rise.
DON'T LIT IT STAND.
The speaker proved conclusiyely that
bv long standing the cream was less III
ouautitv and inferior in quality, tins be-
inc brought about by the process Oh pu-
trefaction. Butter made from such cream
shows an "of favor. which renders the
article less desirable. 80, g.,
His advice was 10 surround the mix with
cold water. and the rise of the cream
would thereby be hastened and rancldlty
A very forcible object lesson was pre-.
sented. A glass jar filed with one pint Of
water and the same quantity Of milk show.
ed In one hour about one and one halt
inches of cream.
Thousands of dollars, Mr.. Curtis remark
ed. are saved 10y the dalrymen OF New
York by TIN, method. There Is only one
time to churn and that is the right time,
and the right time is when the cream Is
ready-neither before nor after.
THE cBEAM-PoT.
There should be in every dairyman's
household. Mr. Curtis said, an absolute
antocrat-the cream-pot. Making tho
cream-pot a convenience, he added, has
cost thousands OF dollars.
The churn and the room should be
warm-otherwise efforts at churnlng would
be attended with but little success, as the
bntter-g -globules must be warmed IN order
that an adheslveforce may be generated by
bringing them 10 the surface.
SESSIONS TO-DAY.
At the close Of the remarks Of Mr.. Curtis
there was music 10y the choir, and the
President declared the institute adjourned
till 10 A. VI. TO-DAY. 80,
The remainder Of the programme will be
carried ont as published.
Mr.. Curtis has agreed to deliver another
A paper setting forth the benefits to ac-
crue To the farmer from series OF lnsti-
tutes, and urging the Legislature TO make
appropriations therefor was circulatea ana M
received the cordial endorsement of all