davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The state herald., 1890-04-25
WAGES OF RAILWAY EMPLOYEES.
Report Of Carroll D. Wright. Com.
missioner Of Labor. on the
Subject.

WAsmiNGroS. u. C.,April 2l.-Car-
roll u. Wright, the commissioner OF labor,
has submitted To the President for trans.
mission TO Congress his fifth annual re
port The single subject treated is rail
road labor. The report shows that on
June 20. lssJ, tho whole number Of railroad
corporations In the United States was np.
proximatcly LIS, and the mileage of these
roads approximately, i1,ico miles. The
number OF employees on all the railroads
Of the country on TINT date was GS9,9l
Upon investigating the subject OF the
relations OF employees and corporations AS
to six hundred roads, by which the real
railroad business OF the country is per.
formed IL was found that nineteen roads
maintain beneficiary institutions and u
few pay hospital expenses while men in
Iurcd in the service arc being treated. A
very few pay taxes for the support oi State
aud county institutions. Three or four con.
tribute 10 relief funds, and several furnish
club houses for certain classes Of employees
Six companies assert that they pension
their supcranuaicd employees aud also their
permanently disabled people. a few give
supcrannudtcd employees light work or al.
low haliiimc nay, while a number iuakc
settlements upon tho permanently dis
alicd. Two hundred and sNty siN com
panics rctalu IN their service permanently
disabled employees. tho humber OF such on
the rolls at the close Ui the year 1855 being
3,lal.
As 10 wages. /, Is found that over 20 PEI
cent ave PAID at rates ranging from 81 u
" day. The average daily rate OF all tho
employees paid by specific time on sixty
roads Is si.'iL yet ii rer cent. Of the whole
number received less than the average
tate oi uli, where Ouly ab5u, 10 per cent
received above the average for all. II is
also shown that OF the whole number oI
empIoyos iOi,yoj earn less than SlOC
year. J3.S.i earn from siOl to 500 q
year, aGd .i.bi, earn from s.0l ,c
800 year. The average earnings on all
the sixty roads year Is seas although les.
than sixty per cent. earn less than this
average.
comparative '""o ~ FlNoH w 10 TUT
wages pnid railroad men In this country
and 10 Great Britain. Tho British rate.
are taken from the onclal returns ol
wages paid 10 railway servants on tn,
principa, lucs tn Great Britain by tn,
Amaleamnicd Society OF Railway Ser
wants OF England, Ireland, Scotland and
Wales, Thi, table shows that the nvcrag,
daily pay OF locomotive engineers In Grca
Britain Is ti.ji, In the United States 49, -
p' iircmcn In Great Britain ~ cents. Ia tn,
United States si.io; conductor. In Grca
britain .; cents, In the United States g. a.Ci
swi,ehmen In Great britain 81 cents, I,
the United States i.ho, iiarmcn In Grca
Britain 81 cents, ln The United States sl.l3
The state herald., 1890-04-25
SECRETARY WINDOWS POLICY,
ltis Formally Set Forth in Reply to a
Question.

eeeNS''
WASHINGTON, April l6.-Secretary
Window to-day mado tho following reply
10 question addressed 10 him by Senator
Plumb:
1.-THE operations Of tho Treasury depart
mont have not been conducted with u view
to controlling the finances Of the country,
but In pursuance OF fixed policy TO pro-
duce the loast possible disturbance Of the
natural current Of events Tho purpose
" the Secretary has boon and 10 10 pay out
for bonds all the available surplus as rap
idly as possible. In pursuance Of this pol
Icy, and with u view TO keeping tho money
in circulation to tho fullest extent practlc-
able, purchases OF bonds were 80 freely
made that on Jan. 20 tho available balance
Of public funds has been reduced 10 less
than SO, ,O00, 900, and this entirc amount, Us
well us further sums amounting to about
sls,00O,O0O, was on deposit In national
banks. From this II will be seen that the
entire surplus and sis,0OO,OO0 In addition
wero in circulation.
"ln view of this fact, aud Of large dis
burscments to be made, 1t was not deemed
prudent to draw further upon tho reserves
in the treasury, and therefore the pur-
chases OF per cent. bonds were tempcrar-
lily suspended aud Government purchases
for a time were confined TO AZ per cent
bonds. On the 9th Of March, when pur-
chases Of per cent. bonds were resumed,
the available surplus had reached s.9, 600,
hNl< t.lx l<x.n Il.
national banks. Tho amount now on de-
posit in national banks Is about 81, 0O0,O 900
more than tho entiro available surplus.
The state herald., 1890-04-25
estravagancc in Paris.

Ntw foHK. April ia Paris Gu
bic 10 the Man and Erpross says.
II Is stated that tho scandals which have
come To iirhi III the municipal govern,ncn,
| OF this city nrc no way exaggerated by the
current reports. Tho expenditure hns
been sinpl, reckless, aud tho cost OF fctcs,
carriage hire, etc, i fully five times wha,
was spent in similar way under tho cm
pirc. Tho sinccuro. IN the gift Of the
municipality have been trobled and have
been militcd entirely FOR the benefit OF
relatives Of the municipal counsclors.
So Tar has the matter now gone thu, /,
will be impossible 10 hush tho scandal or
avoid agoyornmont inquiry. The roycla
,ious will he something astonishing, and
viii giyo the enemies OF The republic
another opportunity TO dcrIdo II aud It's
results.
The state herald., 1890-04-25
Bad Treatment Of Immigrants.

Nrw YoEx. April 2i.--Thc Senate
immigration investigation committee made
an inspection To day ,ha, may cause trou-
bic for some Immigrant carrying steam
ships. They boarded tho Fabcr lino
steamer Pic,ovls, from Naples, with 7s9
Italians Tho oflcern were very 10th TO
:ui them so below. but they went,
Chairman owen said this evening the
condition Of tho ship was hurrib,o and
there !. no, livery stable In New York
which isn't key, cleaner. Tho stencil was
awfal. Tho chairman told the captain
they would take care he brought no moro
passenger, over IN thi, manner.
The state herald., 1890-04-25
A Prizes, Su.pcnded.

WArEnrows, N. Y. Aprll ?l.-
Bishop wadhans has silcnccd Father
Peter j. n. Ryan, Ct 81. Peters Roman
Catholic Church. LowvIllo, n. ", aud
suspended him from his pricsily onicc, ou
rceoun, Of acts unbceoinIng u priest
The chief complaint against him was M
TO his method OF assessing the congrcra.
,lon and cstof,Ins money from them. The
trouble was broufi,, TO climax when the
priests demand upon u lady OF the con-
srcga,ion for her share OF u certain us
sessmcnt was refused. Father Ryan he
came anprr, struck her In tho faco with n
prayer book and used loneuaec unbccom-
inr q nicsi.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

Tnr new Brazilian marriage law
makes civil marriage obligatory. Any
marriage not nude before civil powers
is null und void. The parties have "a
pay 10 tho judge 81 and 10 the clerk
30 cents II tho marriage Is performed
nt his office. apd double TIM, II Ia n
private house. besides the cost OF cnr-
ringe or travelling expenses Relatives
Of the first and second degrees. girls
under fourteen and boys under six-
teen years arc prohibited from marry
ing. Widows mny no, marry until ten
months after tho dccensc Of their bus.
lands. Civil marriages may bc pre-.
coded or followed BY religious services.
The state herald., 1890-04-25
Honoring Sherman.

Mn NonK, April IL Tho seven.
ilc,h birthday al General sherman was
royaliy celebrated with n handsome rcccp
llon rendered him by the Union League
club Tho building was tas,cnlly deco
rated General Sherman. supported by
Chaunccy NJ. Dcpuw aud Secretary Noble.
received the guests. who pasAcd by unJ
extended their congratulations.
Tho list of distinguished statesmen, Jl.
rlQma,s, Judges aud army and navy
olloors Who ltnacd before the old general
wns u lengthy one. Tho reception con
ilDuell until u late hour
The state herald., 1890-04-25

coSsrL GENERAL surroy, At New
Laredo. Mexico, has reported to the
state department tina, 26,0o) tons OF
American steel rails have bscn recent
ly imported into Mexico tor use In the
construction OF the Monicry n Mexi-
can Gull railway. lIc says tho prcsi-
dent OF the road informed him tina, tho
cost was less than It would have been
on the same quantity OF European rail =
Of the same grade.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The order now in preparation by
the secretary OF war, providing that
enlisted men shalt have the benefit OF
council when placed on trial before
court martial, will commend itself to
general approval. The only wonder
is that provision OF such simple JUS
'icc was not made long ago.
The state herald., 1890-04-25
Held up the Wrong Men.

A recent dispatch from Silver City,
n, NJ, says
John Boyle. Jr. and his brother left sil
at the Mountain Key mine at Plnos Altos,
which IL owned by General John Boyle oi
ST. Louis.
When half wny up, three men sprnnl
from Tho rocks. pulled their guns and de.
mnndcd tho money. Tho Boyle boys 10.
piled by drawing their foyovcrs. A
plncky hRht Ioliowsd which forced the
rledly to PInos Altos. where u posse was
organized, and tho following day the rob
b,rs were run down, when, after u iigh.
they wcrc captured.
The state herald., 1890-04-25
A, ,,c ln., .c.sIonoi ,Lo D., ,

At the last session Of the Pan. Amer.
lean conference tho following Introduced
by MIR illaino was adopted "rhat the
principle OF conquest shnll not during Tho
couilnuancc Of treaty arbitration be roc
Fnllod us admissible under American
lubllc law, that all ccssionS OF territory be
odd II mnjc under ,hrcais OF war or In the
presence oi nn armed force, amy nation
from which such ccsslons shalt bc osactcd
may demand tue validity OF the ccsslons 10
be submitted TO arbitration, any ronuncia,
lon Of the right 10 arbitration made under
threats "'e, shall be null aud yoId,n
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The funeral ceremonies over the re-.
mains Of Samuel J. Randall took place In
the Mctropoll,an Presbyterian Church on
tue morning OF the ii,h, They were sim,
pie, bu, solemn. The attendance com
prised tho Vice President, members OF the
Cabinet, members OF both houses and other
prominent people. When the ceremonies
were concluded tho procession moved to
tho Pennsylvania Railroad station. Penn
syiyania Avenue was lined with spccta
saE
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The glass for the twcnty.inch ,clc.
scope fur the University Of Denver Il now
undergoing tie nrst grinding process u,
the establishment of the Clark iiio,bcrs u,
Cambridge, Mass. Tho crown plate In this
instance was twice M thick ms wus ncccs
sary, 50 II is TO bc split, u delicate opera.
ton with piece Of glass eostina thousands
Of dollars, but ono which is easily per.
formed with M iron saw and plcn,. Of
stnory dust
The state herald., 1890-04-25

CARDINAL RicnAnp. archbishop OF
Paris. has just communicated 10 the
clergy OF his diocese decision OF the
Holy See against cremation. 1t iorbids
Catholics TO crematc their dead. nd
orders the priests TO refuse ccclesiastic-
al burial 10 those who have expressed
the desire 10 have their bodies ere
mated after death.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

TnE New York court OF appeals has
recently decided case reversing do.
cisions Of lower courts. and declaring
that notes given to parties for worth.
less patent rights mud sold TO others
nrc invalidated by fraud. The law OF
New York requires that ovcry such
note shall bear tho words, given for
a patent right" and no, bsaring them,
II shall be deemed fraudulent.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

OSE OF the society women Of the
Back bay district Of Boston has been
arrested for stealing ribbons and lnces
whilc out shopping. She Is, OF coursc.
n kleptomaninc. All rich people who
break tho monoiopy OF lie by stealing
for the excitement OF the thing. you
know. arc klcp,omaniacs When they
nre poor and steal TO keep soul aud
body together they are just plain
thieves
The state herald., 1890-04-25

RECENT observations OF the waters
oil Great Salt Lake prove conclusively
that the statements IN de tn It no form
OF animal or plant life exists In the
lake are erroneous. No fish or Other
large form OF animal life has been dis
covered. but the presence OF vcgeta-
bic organism in the lake may be con.
sidcrod fact from tho abundance OF
minute animal existcnccs
The state herald., 1890-04-25

PAPER has been made In Aus,ria
from tho husks of corn. Cloth has
also been made from the fiber OF the
husks, which wore reduced by boilin:
In alkali. II this new industry could
be developed In the United States the
farmers of the corn belt would be able
10 realize on material which Is now ns
much like waste us tho now valuable
cotton seeds oncc were.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

WINDMILLs are used for generating g
electricity 10 run the light in light
house at Cape dc la Hague. The mill
is geared automatically. SO that it ad-
jus,s itself TO varying forces Of wind,
and there arc two dynamos, tho cur
rent from which run into accumulat-
ors, from which tho light Is fed.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

A NUMIsMArIsT suggests that II ccr-
tain coin-say the iiiiy-cent pieces
issued during any administration be
stamped with the head OF the prcsi-
dent OF that date. They will thus
serve as an aid 10 history, as do the
coins OF ancient daYs.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

= The king OF Samoa is n prohibition.
isl, as witness the following proclama-
ton: NO spirituous. vinous or fer
mentcd liquors or Intoxicating drinks
whatever shall be sold, given or offered
to or bought or bartered by any ma
tive Samoan or Pacific Islander resi-
dent in Samoa 10 be taken as bever-
,uc :,
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The widows of the eight men who
we're killed in the Nottingham mine
disaster have brought suit against the
Lehigh and Wilicsbarrc Coal Compa-
NY for 500, GOO, claiming that the fatal
explosion was due 10 the negligence OF
the compnny
The state herald., 1890-04-25
newspapers

APART from Victoria the monarchs
OF all the great countries are compar.
ativcly young, Francis Joseph, who is
60. being the Oldest The Prcmiers
generally are also still in tho middle
period OF life.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

RussIA's czar has evidently thrown
of the insane fear OF death which gov.
crned his actions so long. He has con-
sented TO listen to agleo club composed
Of Americans studying in tho German
universities.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The people arc free and tho people
rule; but their freedom and sovereignty
both depend 10 n much greater extent
than most OF them are aware OF on the
freedom, energy and integrity OF their
newspapers
The state herald., 1890-04-25

You can take up 100 acres in the
Sioux reservation recently opened aud
at the end OF six months OF residence
prc.empt such land by paying $l.25 an
pcre to the government.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

ARGENT consular report shows that
cooperative societies arc becoming
very numerous In Germany, aud that
over 1000 are doug profitable busi-
ness in that empire.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The census bureau will use patent
counting machines in summing up re-
turns. aud thus do an ordinary eleven
hours work in one hours time.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

SOME people are 50 disagrecablo that
when you begin to toll them OF your
ailments they will break In and bore
you with rehearsal OF theirs.
The state herald., 1890-04-25

The l'nn.Amcrican delegates are
taking u toL through tho Southern States
The state herald., 1890-04-25

Tue time ,wbeh Congrcssman 10 ,out el
,iurr y when he has been ont Mll higA(
The state herald., 1890-04-25

JAMES X. Polk is tho only man who
ever held tho spcnkership who reached
the presidency.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
"Rings" That are Popular.

Political Rings" are seldom looked on ia
vorably, but those Friendship Rings" at
NJ. Sternberg & Bros. are being taken to
with remarkable activity by young ladies
and misses. The designs on hand now are
emblematic and handsome Messrs. Stern
berg & Bro. exhibit some tasteful and rich
examples in Ladies' Watches, Chains and
Charms, and during the quiet season some
very low prices are offered. If your house
hold silverware needs augmenting now is
the time to do it, as room is needed for next
season'sstock. Suitable articles for wedding
or other presentation purposes. Special de-
Clocks, and tables. Fine Cut Glass, Bronzes,
and art goods, l57,Broughton street.-Adv.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
DOWN ON THE NAIL.
Where the Expression for Cash Pay.
ments Came From.
From Notes and Queries.

From Notes and Queries
This is well-known half-slang phrase
used for cash payment. OF its history |
cannot speak, but l confess to feeling
startled when l found it, as it seems to me,
in parliamentary deed of King Robert
the Bruce. By indenture dated July Is.
1926 Scots Acts L., 476), tenth-penny was
covenanted for, payable to the king. On
his part he agreed not to exact certain
prizes and carriages unless he was passing
through the realm, after the custom of his
predecessor. Alexander Ill, for which
prizes and carriages full payment should be
made super unguem." THE words are
PRO quibus prisis ct cariagis pena fiat So
lucio super unguem.N l am aware Of the
classical use of the phrase 'in unguem," or
lad unguem," signifying Ito a nicely" but
it does not seem to apply here. At the
same time the corresponding French phrase
payer rubis sur Pongle" may make this
doubtful. just below the passage cited &C.
ours another, in which payment is to be
made Sin manu-" Both, in nv opinion
refer to ready money, and do not hesitate
to translate super unguem" ''down on the
nail" Hitherto l have supposed the nail
to be figure of speech for the counter on
which the coin was told. Apparently this
is erroneous, as it is clearly the finger nail
which is referred to. | would like to hear
Of other early instances of down on the
nail .
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
Fine Table Delicacies,

Specialties for Lunches, Picnics or Travel
ing. Strauss Bros, % and 221S Barnard
streat=Adr.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
An Exceptional Case.

The good pastor had delivered an eloquent
and feeling discourse on the observance of the
Sabbath He closed the volume before him,
says the Chicago Tribune, leaned forward on
the pulpit, and said mpressively:
FINALLY, brethren, let me exhort you not to
permit light or trivial obstacles, slight incon-
veniences or sinful longings for ease to stand
in the way of obedience to this great command:
Remember the Sabbath day 10 keep 1t holy ="
He stopped, the rustic of fans was heard, the
sleeping pillars of the church woke up, and the
members of the choir ceased writing notes to
each other and pulled down their faces into
something like solemnty. The voice Of the
good man was heard again, preparatory to Civ
ing out the closing hymn:
Brethren" he said ION account OF the I'M
usually warm weather there will be no services
here this evening"
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18

An article in the Times of the 9th states
that some of our citizens send away for
spring water for drinking purposes. Why
should they do this when by the use of one
OF Pasteurs Germ Proof Filters the river or
artesian water can be made absolutely pure
and wholesomes
This is a new invention by the celebrated
French physician after whom it is called.
The water is forced through number of
porcelain tubes, which are so arranged as to
be protected from the least danger of con-
tamination, as it passes directly from the
hydrant. Physicians and Others interested
are invited to inspect its workings at the
crockery house Of James S. Silva, where all
information will be cheerfully furnished.
Adm
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18

STAUNTON, VIRGINIA.
Opens Sept IS, 1890. One of the most thorough
and attractive schools for young ladies' in the
union. Conservatory course in music. Unsur-
passed advantages In Art. Elocuton and Calls
themes. Full commercial course. Situation
grand. Climate unsurpassed. Pupils from
nineteen states Terms low. Special induce
ments to persons at distance. For the low
terms and great advantages of this Celebrated
Virginia School, write for catalogue to w. A.
HARRIS, President. Staunton, VIRGINIA
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
THIS DAY in front of our Salesrooms, we will
sell at II o'clock,
PETITIONS FOR INCORPORATION

STATE OF GEORGIA, CHATHAM COUNTY
- To the Superior Court of said county:
The etition of JESSE p WILLIAMS, ABRAAf
bEFFtER GEORGE W, TIEDEMAN, ROBERT
7. LOWELL, CHARLES II. DORSETT.
GEORGE A. HUDSON, WILLIAM @. COOPER
THOMAS II. WILLIAMS, ROBERT II. DANCY.
GEORGE IL: STONE, ISAAC BECKETT. and
DAVID b. MORGAN respectfully shows that
they and such other persons as may hereafter
be associated with them desire to be incorpor-
ated under the laws of the state of Georgia
into body corporate aud polite, under the,
corporate name Of THE CHATHAM MANU-
FEATURING COMPANY.
The object Of their association and the busi-
ness they propose to carry on is as follows: To
erect equip and operate ice factories, tanneries.
boot and shoe factories and other manufacture
ing establishments; to acquire by purchase
lease or otherwise real estate and personal
property OF all kinds, and to sell and transfer
the same from time to time as they may see fits
to keep cold storage and other warehouses for
the storage of goods, wares and merchandise
for hire; to construct tramways for the purpose
OF facilitating the transfer of goods to and from
their various manufacturing establishments
e. own machinery, horses and other live
stock, drays, wagons, carriages and other
vehicles to sell the product Of their factories,
and TO act as agents for Others in the purchases
and sale of goods, wares and merchandise; to-
make bylaws for the government of said cor
poratlon, and to alter and amend the same at
pleasure; to have and use a common SEAL and
the same to renew and change as they may see
tt TO borrow money and give security
IhorolOI mortgages OF Oils OF SAFE, 70 issue
notes, bonds obligations of any sort.
and generally TO do and perform all acts necess
sary and proper In the transaction of any lawfnI
business in which they may engage in the same
manner that a natural person might or could
do or perform similar acts.
The amount OF the capital stock of the said
corporation shall be the sum Of Sixty Thousand
Dollars, twenty per cent Of which has been
actually paid in. and they desire the privilege
OF increasing said capital stock from time to
time to an amount not exceeding One Million
Dollars as may be determined by the stock
holders; said capital stock to be divided Into
shares Of One Hundred Dollars each.
The principal place OF business of said COR
poration will be In the county Of Chatham and
state aforesaid, but said petitioners and their
successors desire the privilege of transacting
business at any place In the state Of Georgia
and In any state or territory of the United
States.
Wherefore petitioners pray an order of this
honorable court Incorporating them AZORES
said for period of twenty years, with the priv
ilege Of renewal for a like period.
And your petitioners will ever pray, etc.
ISAAC BECKETT,
Attorney for Petitioners.
Filed in office and recorded this Goth day OF
June, A. D. 1890. JAMES X. p. CARR,
Clerk s. @. G. @.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
KEswICK SCHOOL.

NVbfIAIl ' ITNUINIa.
7 NJ. PAGE, NJ. A., PHI d. QLeipsicl, Senior
q. Principal; j. W. PAGE. a. NJ, Junior
Principal. The special feature of this
school is that an able and experienced
staff of teachers has been secured,
and the number of pupils limited, so that each
pupil may receive Individual attention. Boys
are prepared for any institution of learning in
the United States. The associations are elevat
ing and refining, the influences pure and chris
tan; the 10 alton healthftl and agreeable and
free from the temptations of city life Refer
eRceS ia Savannah given. Address either Prin-
cipal at Gotham, Va.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-07-18
Weddings.

Wedding invitations and cards printed or
engraved at the shortest notice and in the
atest styles. We carry an extensive and
well selected stock of fine papers. envelopes
and cards especially for such orders. Sam
piles sent on application. MORNING NEWS
Printing House, Savannah, Ga.