Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1890-12-05

bsttar wages than are paid elsewhere-5etter
abstrestly; better relatively to the cost OF
ths nscessaries Of life. ], dc not dolbt that
q very largely increased fpreigit trade Is
accessible to us without bartering for 1t
either our home market for such products OF
the farm and shop as our own people can
supply or the wages of our working people
REcIPRocITY.
III many OF the products of wood and iron
and in meats and breldstufsi We have od-
Rautages that only neet Better facilities OF
intercourse aul transportation 70 secure tof
them large foreign markets. l he reciprocity
Clause OF the Tariff act wisely and enectiYeiy
op.ns the wsy to secure a large reciprocal
trade In exchange for the free admission to
our ports Of certain products. The right
of independent nations TO make special re-
ciprocal trade concessions is well established,
and does not impair either the comfy due to
other powers or what is known as the
"favored-nation clause" so generally found
in commercial treaties. What Is given to
one for an adequate agreed consideration
cannot be claimed 10y another freely. Tue
state of the revenues was such that We
could dispense with any important duties
upon cofee, tea, hides aud the
lower grades of sugar aud molasses
That the large advantage resulting to the
Countries pro lucing au1 exporting these ar
ticles by placing them on th9 fre3 list en-
titled US to expect fair return in the way
OF customs conc assions upon articles exported
by us 70 them was 50 obvious that TO have
gratuitously abandoned this opportunity ID
enlarge our tra1e would have besn an un-
pardonable error.
Thera were but two methods or MAINTAIN
ing control Of this question opon to Congress
Co placs all Of these articles upon ths dutia-
bic list subject 10 such treaty agreements as
could be secured, or to place them all pres
ently upon the fires list, but suOle,t to th'
reimposition o. specihel duties II tins
countries from which We received them
should refuse 10 give to Us suitable rec!pro-
cal benefits. This latter mesho l. TANK
POSSESSES great a1yaztAges.
Ths in iicatiols thus far given are very
hopeful Of early an 4 favorable action by tue
countries from which We receive our large
imports Of coffee AMI sugar, AMI 1t u conn-
IDENTIFY believed that it steam con nlnicatlon
with the3s countries can BE- pron)sly I'M
provel an enlargsi ths next yelr viii show
a M )st gratifying Increase in on ex9);t3 o.
brea istufs anl provisions, a. well as OF
some important hues OF mllufacsurs1 goots,
AID FOR AMERICAN SHIPPING.
I desire to re2slt vita alis1 urgency ths
reconmendations cOntailsl in my last an
nual message in relation t) tle develop
ment OF American stean5lip lines. Tas
reciprocity clause of tle Tariff bill Will b5
largely limitel, anl its beleit5 retarded
AMI diminishsi, If provision is not
contsnporane eoIsy ma1s to encourage
the establishment Of drst-class stea'n
communication bstNee1 our ports a11 thu
ports OF such natiols as may mest olr over
lures for ealargsi c)nns,cial eSch1a5e3.
The steamship, carrying tl) mails stlselly
and frequently, AMI Offering ID passengers
comfortable, slfe, an1 speely transit, is th3
first condition Of foreign trlle. IL carries th3
order or the buyes, but not all tlat is or1erel
or bought 1t gives ID tle sailing vessels such
cargoes a. are not urgelt or perlsh1ble, AM,
Indirectly at lelst prOm0tss that important
adjunct OF con- nsrc9. There Is nov both IN
this country an in th nation; OF Central AMI
South Amsricl a st1to OF exDectltiOl AMI
conf1e1cs as t) increased ira ID that will give
a double value 10 your prompt action upol
this question.
Ths South Atlantic all Cali ports occupy
a very favore position toyari ths new AMI
important connsrcs waicl th9 reciproclty
clause Of the tariff act AMI tl3 possu ship
ping bill are design | t) pron)ts. Ste1nShlo
lines from Cd ess ports t)s)ns northern port
OF South America will alm)st certainly eject
a colnsctiol betweea tle rlilr0lt systems or
ths coltin ents long boiO-s any continuous
line OF railroads ca b. put into operation.
The very large Appropriation nlts a. tl9 lasC
session for the haroOr OF Gilve;50n was JustI-
fed, as it sesnsi to m, by taese colsld9ra-
tions. Ths great Northwest VIII feel tl3
a1vantlge OF trunk Inns - tlo Sol5n as wei,
as to ths Eastaa | OF the new markets Opene 1,
o. c,t-s,1ts fn 1 n lnets for IN m
OF tn cir mlnu6acturei proiucss
AN INTERNATIONAL BAvS.
Ihad oc,asion in May last ID transmit to
Oonyress report alop.el by tle lnterhl-
tionll American Conference upo1 ths sub
ject OF the inc)rpoi alton OF Al international
An arican bank with vlsv t) tlclltltIn5
money exchanges betweel tle states repre-
ssnted in that c)nterens'. Such an in
stitution woll1 greIt'y prono.e thi
trade we aro seeking to develop. /
renew the recommsniatiol that caretI'
and well-guarlel charter be grantel l do
not think the powsrs granted should inc.u ie
those ordinarily exercisel by trust, guaranty
and sa,e-deposit conplnie3 or that mora
branches in tine United States should be au-
thorizs1 than ara strictly Necessary ID ae-
complish tas object primlrily IN view,
namely convenient f)re.gl eXc1lnge'.
1t is quite imoortllt TAT pronp. action
should be taken in this n ltssr IN orIe' t1at
anV appropriations for better rconn1nlcluol
with these COZ ltrie,, AMI any agreement
that may be mn ie for reciprocal tr11e, may
noe be hinderet by tle inc )nvenleaceo o. mlN-
ing exchanges thr)l5d rop9an mol'y
centers. or blr1ened by tle trib1te wh'cl Is
an incident of that metiod OF business
RELIEF FoR THs SUPREME COURT.
The bill for the rslie. Of the Su)re ne Court
has after many years O. d.selssiol relchei
no,itioa waers hnal a,5i)1 Is easily attain
abb. AMI II is hoosl that any differences OF
opinion may be 81 hl-n )1ieet as 10 save t1e
essential feltures OF this very importan5
measure. In this Connection earnestly re-
new my recomnsl latiOl that the salaries OF
Judges OF the Unitel StateI district courts b'
SO reldiuste that nono OK the saali receive
less than $500 per annun.
A NATIONAL BANKRUPT LAW.
Tn, enactment OF nqtionll bl1kcuos law
[ still rsgarl as very d3sirl1le Tde C)nsS-
tuition having given to C)aycesS Jdti' i1cHon
OF this slojecS, it sh0lh bs eNercI5el am
uniform rulei provilel foc the afmnIstra-
ton Of the aff airs OF insolvsnt deo5Ors. Ih5
inconveniences resulting fro the o,c15lonal
and temporary exercise OF the power Dy
Congress, All fron n the conflicting STATE
codes OF insolvency waici cDn,into forc9 IA
termsiiatsly, shall bs ren)7sd by tle en-
actmeat o. a simple, inoxp515lys an pe'ml'
nsnt national bankrupt Law.
Ialso rensw my reconn9niatioa IN favor
OF legislation aff0fiiny just copgrigdt pro.
tection to forsiyn authors, on fooJlh5 ol
reciprocal aivantag re for or authors aOrold.
SAFETY IN c0UPLINS CARS.
II still h. pos,ib.e fo- this Con- yresi
10 inauzurate. by suitlbls legislation, a
movement looking to uniformity an1 IN
creassi safety in the uss Of c)Iplers an
brakes upon freight trains enga5sl IN IN
terstate conmerce. The Chief difficulty In
thu way Is to secure agresn mt rs to the 0sst
apoli0nces. simplicity, effectiveness aud cois
bsing considered Tdis difi ,lIty will only
Weld 10 legislation, which sh)ul1 BE- basel
upoa full inquiry an1 impartial tests. Ths
purpose should be to sscure tAs CO operation
of all weldispossi managers and owlers,
but the fearful fact that every years delay
involves tho sacridcs OF 2)O) lives aud the
maiming Of 21,0)) young men should plead
both with Congress AMI tho managers
against any needless delay.
THE PosroFFIcE AND TaE TELE5RAPI.
The uso o: thu telegraph by the Postofics
Department as a msals for thu rapid trans
mission Of written con nj lcations l., be-
lieve. upon proper terms quits desirable.
| The Government does not own or opsrate ths
railroads, and it should not l thinS, owh or
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