davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

CARLOS SILVA. CLlMACO CALDEROS.
Impatient people are beginning to COM
plain that there has been enough travelling
and junketing and that the conference ought
to get down to business; but it may we'll be
replied that a conference which has been
near seventy years in coming into being
should have great deal of latitude-and
that has been about the time of incubation.
The history of it is quite curious.
1t seems but a dream-yet it was but three
generations ago that Spain's dominions in
the New World spread on both sides of the
equator far into the temperate zones; from 40
degs. north latitude to nearly ns far south 1ati-
tude; that is, from British America west of
the Mississippi to the present Patagonia.
By transfer all Louisiana went to France
and was bought by the United States, but
Spain still had unquestioned title to latitude
42degs., the northern boundary OF California.
One by one, in great masses, each largo
enough for All empire, these provinces fell
away; the invasion of Spain by Bonaparte
loosened the ties of the whole empire, and
revolution followed revolution till Cuba re-
manned as the only considerable Spanish pos
session on this side.
It is scarcely possible for the present gen
Grafton Of Americans to realize the intense
interest these movements excited in the
United States. Again and again did it seem
that enthusiastic ''ilibusters" would get the
country embroiled with Spain; expedition
after expedition was fitted out with more or
less secrecy, to aid the ''patriots," and many
an American soldier of fortune was captured
and shot for adhering to the Spanish-Ameri-
can t'rebels" At one time Miranda, the
South American agitator, succeeded in max
ing a sort of secret agreement with Alexan-
der Hamilton that aid should be furnished
the s'patriots," }" but Washington and Jefferson
refused to sanction it. !.
Henry Clay openly championed their cause
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
A SAIL NORTH OF ALASKA.
EXTRAORDINARY VOYAGE OF THE
u. S. STEAMER THETIS.

An Open Arctic Sea for the First Time III
Thlrty-four Years-Cnught In the Ice and
I.nmn,ins IL Way Ont--Desolntlou's SUI
prone Reign.
The United States steamship Thetis re-
Gently arrived at San Francisco from a
northern cruise which must take high rank
among the curious episodes in navigation.
The chances are that such an experience will
not again be possible in the lifetime of any
now living, for, unusual as the past season
has been on tho north Atlantic coast, it has
been far more SO iii the far northwest. For
the first time since 1854 n vessel has sailet
far to the eastward of Point barrow, !f4>.,.. =
the northern shore of Alaska, and soA open
was the sea that Lieut.. Commander Stockton
is positive he could have sailed through to
Batiin's bay, thus ''lnaking the Northwest
Passage; though i'll reverse order.
Abundant proof has been found that
whales have made the passage during the
past year; few whales could be found III tho
western waters, and the fact that they do
make the passage has been proved by the
capture Of whales in the North Pacific carry
ing Dundee harpoons they had received in
Bafiin's bay. Capt. Stockthi did not at
tempt the passage, because his orders were to
so no farther than the whalers had gone, and
because his vessel was not outiitted or his
men prepared for such voyage. Still his
vessel and two whnlers went east of Manning
Point, being the first to 50 as far us longitude
IA since ls5l. In 1870 the Enterprise and
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

and hope for MAJ. sERPA PINTO
restoration of her African-Indian empire
And among the most active promoters of the
restoration is Maj. Serpa Pinto, whom tho
British accuse OF aggression on their terri
tory.
He first became famous in 1879 by the com
pleton of his remarkable journey from Ben
guela, on the west coast, to the center Of Al
rIca, ana ItletSe 70 Bi.rUan- ci, t,it sOtnC.l1a
coast; and, as he went through the most
savage part of the continent, many good
judges rank him as the greatest OF living AT
rican explorers As the Portuguese have ex
tcnsive interests on the west coast, he made
this journey maj i'll tho regular army
of Portugal, and has since given his entire
time to the upbuilding of Portuguese interests
there.
The king of Portugal has conferred high
honors on him. His discovery and survey
of the river Coando, navig gable for COO miles
and flowing into the navigable lanbesi, was
Of the utmost Importance to trade; and Oh
the basis of it Portugal has since laid claim
to wide tract, embracing Mozambique and
the Shire river district The extraordinary
fact about Maj. Pintos journey is that he
employed only native guides and escorts, at
one time travelling for weeks under the quart
of a tribe of cannibals, and thai ne traversed
the continent with none Of those sanguinary
battles which marked Stanley's course. The
Portuguese have from the first shown
genius in dealing with the negroes III Africa
equal to that shown by the French with the
Indians in America.
As the British were pushing southwark
and tho Portuguese northward, it was but
question of time when their claims would
conflict, Maj. Pinto alleges that Mr. john
ston, British consul at Mozambique, to whom
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

have always been great advocate of
oatmeal. The oat contains nll the constitu-
ents necessary for the maintenance of high
bodily viSor, and is one of those complex
foods that, especially with the addition Of n
little fat, is capable of supporting life for an
indefinite period. do not contend that ont.
meal is more nutritious than wheat flour, but
it is better bono producer, and hence tho
food for children. Indian corn has many de-
sirable qualities, but its use is in a way waste
ful, and to many people injurious, because
:he meal requires no less than four hours
cooking at u boiling point Gl2 degrees Fahr-
cnheit) to make it digestible. The thousands
who habitually eat "mush," "stiraboutn or
corn pones, cooked in from fifteen to thirty
minutes, may object to this statement, but it
is made upon the authority Of physiologists
and chemists Of established reputation. After
four hours cooking, not minute less, corn
meal becomes suave and freely digestible. II
not SO cooked it is never wholly mastered by
the stomach, and becomes both waste and
n source of Observation-Disclosures in St Louis
Globe-Dcmocrat
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

A suSsPOT. ECLIPSE, AUG, 1869.
earth forty.nine times us large as the MOON
it is plain that the moons shadow can form
but mere point, comparatively, on the sur
face Of the earth. Sometimes, indeed, the
full shadow fails to reach the earth at all,
md then, even in the center Of the track of
the eclipse, a rim of the sun is seen shining
around the dark body of the moon And,
finally, us both earth and moon are in rapid
motion, it follows that the black central line
of an eclipse-the narrow spot of complete
dnrkness-will run rapidly along the face of
the earth in purabolc curve.
a full history of eclipses would be, in effect.
history Of astronomy; but it is only within
fifty years that they have been studied with
great advantages. When we consider the
lack Of facilities suffered by ancient astrono-
mers, and the funatical prejudice against
them in many countries, it is amazing that
they should have discovered SO much and ar
rived at so many just conclusions Three
great inventions have made the modern
astronomer master Of the situation; the tele-
scope was long the only one, then came the
simple but marvellous spectroscopc, which
tells tho substances blazing in a distant light,
and the instantaneous photograph completed
the triumph. Incredible us it may seem, we
now know the exact materials in distant
worlds, know what determines the red hue of
Mercury and the white zones of Mars, the
silvery radiance Of Sirius and the blue blaze
OF Betelgeuse
The Egyptian eclipse Of 1882 was observed
with ,ninuteness by many astronomers, but
rather raised than settled questions about the
corona, and as late as 1888 Professor Charles
A. Young, of Princeton, was obliged to sum
up by saying that it is still doubtful whether
it is electrical, cometic or atmospheric But
on the first day of 1850 occurred the memoir
able California eclipse" for the observation
Of which nll favorable conditions seemed to
combine. The day was cloudless, the totality
passed over thickly settled country and
many hundred observers, scientific and
otherwise, watched the phenomenon. Much
was learned, and astronomers are still SUM-
ming up the results. AS n total eclipse rare
ly lasts more than eight minutes, the import
auce Of the late investigation can DO seen at
a glance.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
THE NEW BRAZILIAN FLAG
Here Is the --latest Alleged to he Correct

Here Is the --latest Alleged to he Correct
Design.
The interest in the new republic of Brazil
grows, rather than decreases, as information
of its inception slowly filters through official
channels. Now that the United States coz
gress has begun to talk of formally rccoSniz-
ing the new government, it becomes import
ant to know what its flag really is. Various
designs have been offered, and two or three
have been published as the adopted one; but
the new government has finally rejected
them and adopted a modification of the i'm
perlal flag. The latter was an oblons green
flag, with q yellow lozenge in the center, and
in that green shield, surrounded by Il
wreath, surinountel by u yellow crown and
lined with red,
On the new flag the twenty-one stars rep
resent the neutral municipality Of Rio
Janeiro and tho twenty states. The decree
for this flag is in these words:
THE provisional government Of the United
States of Brazil, takinz. into consideration the
fact that the colors of our old flag com,neln-
orate the victories and achievements of our
army and navy in the defense of our father
land, and tl:t tl"s,, colors, independently OF
the form of our government, represent the
perpetuity of our fa,herland among the other
nations:
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

When man is said to possess less sense
than "fool dog" there Is but little hope for
him in the eyes of his critic, because the
"fool dog is useless. Every one has seen u
fool dog" The favorite pastime of this
animal is to pick out All unoifensive looking
horse on the street and run under his legs or
at his head and bark at him furiously. The
fool dosn gains nothing by this play except
his name. The horse pays no attention to
him, and his furious barking is regarded as
nero bluff. Another pastiine Of tho STOOL
dog" is periodical and unfruitful chase
after his tail. He can't catch it, but expert
ence has never taught him this fact. Then
he will run around in a circle until he is tired
out-another exhibition of his foolishness.
People look at his antics and say he is fool.
But he does not know this. There will al
ways be "fool dogs" and q man who sees one
of them during his exercise will know what
is thought Of him If he hears himself referred
to as having the sense of a STOOL dog
Chicapo Hrrald
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

Leonide Apostolotf is his name. and Russia
is his nation: and. if not n rcal discoyerer
he must be n remarkably nersunsivo talkar
for his government has furnished him with
funds to study and experiment at Marseillcs
from which, point he expects to make his first
trip in few weeks. He promises to 70 to
Toulon and back in fifty minutes, and,
though he cannot guarantee a greater spced
than 100 miles per hour he thinks he can bv
practice attain to loO. And us the old time
conjurcr, in his "humorous' by talk, used to
explain that "is's all done by a simple twist
OF the wrst,n so Engineer Ieonide Aposto-
loft says his achievement will be by n simple
but effective application of the suiral move
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03


amateur farmers 1t is alleged that Horace
Greeley raised fine crop Of potatoes which
cost him - each, and n late millionaire
boaStcd of lis success when he had reduced
the net loss on his farm to $4,000 Il year;
but the queen has made Il decided success in
cattle raising and has recently taken some
great prizes.
In butter making also she takes t; front
place, using only the best appliances, such as
the latest and most effective churns and cool
ers. The British nobility have from tho first
exceeded those Of other countries in their de-
yotion to outdoor life, and much OF the popu-
larity Of the prince consort, the queens hus,
band, was due to his love for and knowledge
Of rural life He established and the queen
has maintained the two farms in Windsor
park, known respectively as the Show and
the Flemish farms containing together l,l20
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

DR. LoBo. ADMIRAL VAEDENKOLK
DR.. Campas SALES, the new minister of JUS
tlce, is thought by many foreigners to be the
most promising member of the new cabinet.
he is lawyer of great ability; but this has
only lately appeared, and Brazlians absent
few years from their country hnve never
heard of him. He was seested for the post
by President Fenseca on his own Judgment.
Eduardo Nunlenkolk, minister Of marine
was an admiral in the Brazilian navy and
came therefore, to lis present post by rcgu-
lar promotion. He held substantially the
same relation to naval officers and seamen
that Cen Fonseca did to the army, and as
far as IT was necessary to bring the navy
into the revolutionary scheme he doubtless
did the work. These Two are tho authors of
the revolution.
pr. Aristide lobo, minister Of the interior,
won his place by being the most forcble
speaker and writer in the republican clubs Of
Rio. lie is pleasant faced, stutlious man.
only 40 years Of uge-tne Of those who pro
eyed to political changes BY campaigns Of
-ducatiou.H
DR.. Dcmctrius Ribeiro, minister Of asri-
culture, is new man i'll Rio, the least known
Of all the officials. lie comes from some place
in thc nterior--probably from one Of the
granger states, rs Yankees would say--a
Brazilian ",Icrryi Rusk
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

at always sort o makes me feel sad and
down hearted to read about tho prodigal son
i'll the Bible, said Farmer Sikens to his male
offspring. who was home on his summer VA
cation
"Y-a-as.''
"Yuws," echoed tho old man, as his lips
curled contemptuously, she came back and
says honorably and flat footed, I've done
wrong an want another chance
"Y-a-a-s."
"Taws; he didn't come back to the farm
pizenin' the very butterflies with the smoke
from his sggcrects an say, Pops, ole boy,
I'm dead broke; couldn't you let ne have
twent' to keep up my end with tho fes at tile
clubF Not much he didn't"
And the old man heaved a sigh and went
out to feed the hogs.-San Francisco Wash
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
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Esa=i: EEGas=i: M Wi - =aiEE Z A., s-=-
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ECLIPSE or 1SGD
S,.i.rca ~ ,.ra+of,ra ,,<,,a 4, H..
vavof ,bntoor,nSin ,,,a s,,,.oa.,-a ~ .ns
~ ~ aeI;n.. I'M Iii
we're cc1i,,lad me t;,,,o l,, ~, s,,a,,i;s
r,tus f,,rn;sbaI ~ ~, ,o,s,,,,;3r;S,,, H.
lT,itad sta+ay Ill g. -
,snt as,rnnn,,,.., p.,fs,.'l. pa,.;I - ,rs,i
of A,,,t.,t. =, 'oti'
- ~ - lV'..
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i,,,,.;s,, " ~
All ,l,as,, ,,,, II ,,,,,., ,,,;oa,..,.,,..,,.
loo ~ ?'''el'y ~ seD'te
ma 7,rt,rs1,,, - =, ~ -
sne;r:.,,+ - H. ~ t''7 ,''A o,'ta
,,,o,S fI,, ~ r",;. Wv ;,'. ~ ~ nv
nnntl,nr a"Ii,, .,,,., -, s:'ns5
dat;,,a1 os Ia ,7ol;aa,,, 1 ':,. :, 1ns
,;rht Who'll thnn nrs,,,,,t WV w. a, an,.
,ha ,,,,rs,, W., "a +s,taTi,. ns1i, Ns y.
and ON H., ,r,,.t ~ tra+ 1;,rh+ .1 sus'
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

The inventor says he got the idea BY seeing
Y '' -" i..5,,r ., 5r sr tho =hcyf-
tom Of a river hy means Of Il log set upright
i'll the water and groOycd with spirals, in
which Il rope wound and un~ounJ. He saw
that the spiral motion increased tue force
enormously. He built All experimental boat
of tin and made n splendid trip in the Nolgu,
easily outrnnning the swifte,t steamers All
the difficulties the most fertile fancy could
suggest he claims To have overcome, and
thinks he will reyolutunlze ocean travel nnd
naval warfare. Such is the brilliant promise
made to the world by NJ. Leonide 4Apostololr,
engineer and Russian.
The cuts here given are from The Pail Mall
Lui.laa .sssdret.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
LATEST FLAG OF BRAZIL,

"Decreo that tho flag adopted by tho re-
public maintains our traditional and national
colors, green aud yellow, in the following
shape: An oblong yellow and green flag,
having in the center blue sphere crossed by
an oblique bar Of white running from left to
right, with the motto 'Ordem Progresso,'
with twenty-one stars emblazoned on tho
field, among which will appear the constella
tion of Cruzeiro placed in its astronomical
position The stars represent the twenty
states of the republic and tho neutral munich
palty OF Rio ,Ianeiro."
The description is plain The national coat
of-arms remains as before, except that u cap
of liberty is substituted for tho imperial
crown. The postage stamps add the words,
"RepuGlica dos Estados Unidos da Brazil"
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
Imitation OvprrAftera.

Among pretty street boots are the imitation
overgaiters for young women and misses
The forings nre of fine calf, goat or kid, and
the tops or gaiter parts Of cloth or undressed
kid. They have the semblance Of binding
strap passes under the hollow Of the foot,
with q buckle on the outside. A casual OBJ
server would not notice but what they are
what they seem. But while they are stylish
they will hardly be affected by women who
do not change their footwear often, for they
would tire Of the sameness,-shoe and
Leather Facts
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
THE THREE AMERICAS.
THE PAN-AMERlCAN DELEGATES EN-
JOYlNG THEIR RECEPTION.

They Visit New York City and HIVE Top
Royal Tlme-Important Changes Since
the Conference Convened-Brazilinn and
Central American Changes.
The Pan-American conference bids fair to
rank In United States history as the event
Of greatest Importance in the year 1889. The
year has not, indeed, been very diversified
one in tho United States, as, except the fact
that a new administration came into power
and there were more rainy days in tho Allan
tic states than for sonle decades, nothing un-
usual has occurred. So the conference has
fine neutral background to show it off, and
may be the beginning of new era in Ameri-
oo,, fFuire
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

university O1 SAlCi
a lawyer. His only
official position pre-
yious to the begin
ming of his con-
gressional career,
which began with
t h 9 Forty-nillth
congress, was that
Of states attorney
of the Eighth ju-
dicial circuit Of H.
linois in 1sGSS72.
He served as presi-
Dental elector for
t h Q Republicans
when Garfield was
elected, and was for
fh,saa 1yao,.s, n app,
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
WHOLE NO. 1869.
THE FIERY ORB DARKENED
WONDERFUL PHENOMENA OF THE
RECENT ECLIPSE OF TIE SUN.

The United States Expedition Took Their
Views at a Station on the West Coast of
Africa-Great Increase In Our KnowI-
edge of The Sun--.rhe Corona.
Science has once more taken views Of sun
and moon at their conjunction, photograph
ing total eclipse and obtaining many fine
views OF the much discussed corona. The
eclipse began at sunrise of Dec. % just south
OF Hayti, described q long curve eastward
and southward to tho island of st. Helena,
and thence northward again to its termina-
ton at Ras Awath, in eastern Africa. OF
course tho partial observation extended much
farther, and the total little farther in the
or5', SO to speak; but .sle above are the points
over which it swept from sunrise to sunset
AS the atmospheric refraction is greatest
in the morning and evening (,shen one must
view the sun near the horizon and conse-
quently through the greatest extent OF air.
and least in the middle of the day, it follows
that the middle course OF the eclipse would
have been tho best place for a view, only
that place happened to be in the ocean So
tho United States expedition went to St
Paul de Loanda. the curious old Portuguese
town On the west coast of Africa, about 10
degs. south Of the equator, and most fortu-
nately December is in that latitude the lri-
est month in the year--the month when
the wind blows pretty steadily from the
north after the long rainy season has ended
Fortunately one may say, for if the day
happens to be cloudy, all the costly prepara-
ton goes for nothing and the undcvout as
tronoiner is indeed mad.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

Professor c. had gone tospend the even
ing At u friends house. When he was about
to leave it was raining cats and dogs, where
fore the hostess kindly offered him acconmo-
dations for the night, which he readily ae-
cepted. Suddenly the guest disappeared, no.
body knowing what had become Of him, and
the family were about to retire for the night
when Professor c. walked in as wet as a.
drowned rat. He had been home to fetch
his night shirt!-San Francisco Argonaut
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
A Palace of Black Diamonds.

A "coal palace" $50 by 500 feet and three
stories high, is to be erected in East ST. Louis,
This palace will be decidedly novel struct-
ure. Tho coal companies will furnish the
material for tho Observation-Disclosures coal
Of every kind, and wrought out by saw, by
mason's hammer and into artistic forms by
the carver's chisel. The first floor will be of
polished coal, and pillars Of coal will support
the floor-coal, coal everywhere. The pur-
pose Of the bailding will be to continually
exhibit the agricultural and mineral products
OF southern 1llinos.-New York Telegram.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03
A PORTUGUESE EXPLORER.


8@.l lis,.". Book, .,
Portugal is little, but She is extremely
plucky. In proportion to her area, she has
ths most extended coast line of any country
in Europe Greece possibly excepted, and 50
her great enterprises have al been on the
ocean. Once she rivaled England and il the
present trouble between the two nations
grows into n passage at arms, the smaller
country ,nay prove no mean antagonist It
is an important fact, too, that the Portuguese
have always shown more capacity for rapid
adaptation to tropical climates than other En-
ropeans, and have been remarkably success
full dealing with the natives Of Africa,
where they have had important interests at
various times since the Fifteenth century
The Portuguese were tho first tof modern
people, to sail around the Cape Of Good
Hope, as well as Cape Horn, and for nearly
a century thereafter (l4o7-l5SQl they domi-
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

Johnly-Yes, we often regret the words we
have left unsaid. For instance, I wish had
said the words that would have made Annie
Temper my wife.
Jackly tsincerely)--I wish you had mar
ried her.-Yankee Blade
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1890-01-03

Jonathan Fl. Rowell, congressman from
the Fourteenth district Of Illinois and chair
man of the committee on elections, is ma
tive Of uaverhil, N. H., and is So years of
age He was educated ut Eureka college,
Illinois, and at the law department of the