The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1890-06-29
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
AN INTERESTING HISTORY CON.
TlNuEO.

mintstrauons OF jackson and TYLER, h,
the President of William and Mary Col.
lege.
The Democratic party, victorious In is2S
was, as we have seen, the common name
assumed by the two factions Of the old Re.
publican party, headed respectively by An,
drew Jackson and William N. Crawford
The strength Of the former lay in the West.
that OF the latter IN the south. In 1921
these two factions stood furthest apart
m feeling. II was jackson. Adams.
clay and Crawford. Yet by The cir.
cumstauces Of their both being "outs. -
they were compelled into some sort
Of agreement 10 beat the inns" These
alpha and omega elements were thus finally
broUga, 90 constitute the Democratic parry.
aud as curiouslv illustrative Of the spirit of
ITS Federal wing old Timothy Pickering,
John Adams Secretary Of State. and the
sons Of Alexander Hamilton were Jackson
men.
JACKSoN's ACCESSION.
Immediately, however, upon Jackson's
accession 70 office. the two elements Of the
partt began 90 quarrel. First came re-
organization Of the Cabinet in 1891, which
resulted in the turning ont Of all the South
crn low tariff Democrats, aud in the install
lation OF Northern high tarin men, Next
came the tariff OF 1872, for which all the
Northern men, save two Of either party.
voted, and which increased the rates Of
duties already raised 90 prohibition. The
protest OF notification was made by the
south Carolina Democrats. and was an
~Wercd hy a proclamation from the Presi-
dent iu which the fundamental Republican
doctrine that the Union was a compact be-
tween sovereign states was repudated. and
t1o hertsy &C q consolidated nationality an
nuuucol This hurled OF another section of
fhc Crawford men. led 10y Tazewell and
Tgifr. nl \ir-Iuia. who disapproyed Of null
ldeatiau. Duo could not approve the princi-
die, nj tlc reclamation. Next ensued the
removal .t the deposits from the United
STATES B3uh, and ON this issue still another
section. headed 10y Henry A. Wise and
lHlu Bell. len the Democratic party
Then followed the successful effort
OFF B.uinu's. Co eNpunge the censure passed
D., tle >'uate on Jackson for removing the
deposits fr0m the United States Bank. On
tIi, i>,uc, iu 1880, Judge Hugh Lawson
White lem the party az the head Of the Ten
u-~~ee Democrats. And finally. in 1887
during Van Buren's annex, large fractions
U. tac Democratic party, called "COnserva-
t'c," headed by liugh :. Lecare in south
Carolina. y. y. rallmadee in New York
and William G. Riyes in Virginia, fell of
on the question Of the Sub-Ireasury. These
several factions, comprising n majority of
tAe Crawford party, formed, in union with
tnr National Republicans, led by Adams
and Clay, the celebrated Wing party.
NOT DEMOCRATIC ENOUGH"
The ayowed objection Of the Crawford
mcu 90 the Jackson party was that they
1.-THE jackson mem were not Democratic
enough and their union with the National
Republicans was only possible under a
rev name and surrender of old prin-
clpirs. The Jackson party had apprOpria-
ICED the name of Democrats; the retreatng
members from the ranks could not endure
the name of National Republican. The
National Republicans we've glad enough 10
drop name which had lost its OdOr. and
the opposition i'm 1884 united i'm a common
cause. upon the name Wing. The old prn-
Ciples were also surrendered. Bank, tariff
and internal Improvements were given up
Jog Adams. Clay aud Webster: and every
where the Wing party claimed to he the
true representative Of the old Republican
party of 1901, taking the ground in its wild
est .cne Of opposition 10 patronage, 10
spoils and corruption, 20 executive mis-
rule and in favor OF economy and private
simplicity. ON This platform the oppos-
ton won brilliant victory, inElSl0, over
the Democrats; and that the Crawford
Wings contributed largely 90 the result, the
following facts demonstrate.
GEORGIA.
in Georgia. previous 10 the breach in
lNli. there was no party whatever save the
Democratic party; and yet so large was the
secession Of Democrats ON the ISSUES men,
toned that in $50. and again in 1910, the
.ft- Ia.
Iacb-0n's home, which formerly heaped up
ma0riies of thousands in his favor. so eX-
'.U..fe was the following of Judge White
and John Bell. the seeding Democrats,
that both IN $50 and 1910 the State declared
AGAINST the Democrats, led 10y their most
popular chicltain. And IN ike manner.
from heiug an overwhelming Democratic
state, North Carolina came permanently
into the Wing ranks while in Virginia.
where the usual Democratic majority had
been 21,OOO over the National Republicans,
the contest with The new party W higs) WAS
nip and tuck" Even i'm the North, States
long Democratic wheeled into the Wing
line under the new coalition. Everywhere
prominent Democrats were leading the
Wing cause. In Delaware. JacksOn's
Secretary OF state, Louis McLane,
voted pa 1910 for Harrison and 1y-
er. the Wing nominees. In Mary
land, the voters were marshaled by Nc
Mah0n. McCulloch and Gen. Dun Green,
the latter "a nulliher. In Virginia we've
seen h. ". Leigh, Gilmer. pshur. Tyler
Wise. Bolts. RiVes-all supporters of Jack
son iu ISIS. In North Carolina, Judge
owen and George T.. Badger la Georgia.
Jackson's Attorney General, John N. Ber
rien. Ia south Carolina. William {. Pres
ton. Naddy Thompson, and Hugh :.
Legarc the TWO former original nullifers.
ln Tennessee. John Bell. Bailie PeytOn and
others. I'm New York. 4. =. Tallmadge, |
John &. Spencer. and others. Indeed, Clay
himself stated that without the aid Of the
trawford-.lackson men the Wing party |
was doomed to remain in perpetual and |
hopeless minority
TIIE COALITION VICTORY.
The crushing victory Of the coalition j. |
still remembered by the older generation |
among us. Harrison and Tyler were elect |
cd, and Immediately after the election the |
old quarrel between the Adams and Clay |
men, ON tine one hand. and the old Crawford |
men. oh The other, was renewed, Just as had |
happened in the case OF the Democrats in |
lo2> Harrison, though "a southern man in |
birth and opinions, had owed his nOmina- |
ton 90 the Northern element OF the party, |
and 300 consequence Of this fact, his Cabi- |
Net became a National Republican affair, 10 |
the exclusion Of the Crawford element. In |
spite Of an pledges 90 the contrary. the idea |
uf patronage was once more revived; the old |
Federal measures were once more brought |
forward and the offices were once more
made the subject of "spoils and cOrrup- |
ton" Harrison was President one month, |
and boo that month "a lcrcc, cruel and re- |
mor-eless prescription ensued. And yet II |
is but just % Harrison % say that So far /
from joining in the slaughter Of Democrats |
80 universally decreed, he bitterly con-
dcmned IL. laying the whole blame al the
tsf nf. Il sal Hs lufI
"wcre bent upon Selling the reins Of gov
eminent" IL seems that il had been a !
stupid practice % leave 10 the heads Of de- |
partmcnts the appointment Of office, and /
thus removals ensucd in reference % which /
Harrison WAS not even consulted. When !
after four weeks time, John Tyler the |
Nice-Pre-ident, succeeded 10 the presiden- |
b.. If ba