Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1890-12-27
WAR "REMINISCENCES.
Why JOHNSTON FELL BACK.
How Two Picket Guns Retired n whole
Army.

| south bank of the Potomac in the winter
of lS61.62, threatening the city of Wash
ington by extending its right down the
river about forty miles and building its
blockade batteries on the south bank,
cutting off all navigation by tho river,
and thus forming complete blockade of
navigation. AT the time General Joseph
E. Johnston was in command of the
rebel army and General Mcclellan was
in command of the Army of the Po-
tomac The capital Of the nation was
threatened and its water communica-
tions cut off. General Hooker was sta
toned on the north, or Maryland bank
of the river, opposite the blockade bat
teries, with division of about 5000
men, to watch the movements of John
ston's army at that point.
The threatening attitude of Johnston's
! army, both as against Washington and
in crossing the Potomac river during the
entire winter, had put the Government
into unpleasant straits. Foreign repre-
/ sentatives at Washington urged the
Government that if it could not get the
enemy away from its own capital and
| keep open its lines of communication,
then their Governments had no alterna-
tive except to recognize the Confed-
eracy and give it the same standing
among nations that they gave the United
| States.
Tho President and Secretary of War
urged Mcclellan to attack and push
Johnston's army back and thus relieve
this pressure both from foreign powers
and from home influences. McClel-
| lam would Hia Vii
that the State Department should take
care of the foreign relations, the Presi-
dent of home affairs, and he would take
care of the army in the manner he
thought best. AS Il whole, matters were
in bad shape for the Governments; in
deed, about as bad as they could we'll
be, for at that time, in a military sense,
the Confederacy was decidedly ahead of
the United States in nearly every par
ticular.
The First Regiment of New York
Light Artillery was in the camp of in
struction at Washington during the win
ter. There were in the regiment twelve
| light batteries. AS each battery was
thought to be sufficiently drilled to take
the field it was sent to the front. Some
went to one part of the army and others
| to other parts. March 3, 1862, battery ID
was sent to General Hooker, opposite the
rebel blockade batteries. 1t reached it's
camp on the 4th; on the 5th it was or
dered to send one section of two guns to
do picket duty on the banks of the river
| facing the heavy mounted forts on the
south side. The river was just one mile
broad. The officers and men of the bat
terry were as green as new officers and
men can well be in all things which ap-
pertain to active service in the field
that is, while the officers and men had
learned to drill and take care of their
battery they had not yet learned that no
demonstration should bc made against
the enemy without direct orders from
the commanding general.
This was Sunday, a beautiful and
clear spring day. No hostile demonstra-
tions were being made on either side,
and with the field-glasses the rebel Of
ficers and men could be seen by the
| young artillery officers walking about
on the parapets of their heavy forts
purely for amusement The artillery
officers, with their two little three
inch rifled field pieces, concluded to
wake up the rebs by seeing how accur-
ately they could throw shells into the
blockade forts. About 2 o'clock in the
afternoon one of the little guns threw
n she'll across the river. 1t fell little
! short. Another was fired with little
more elevation and it went over. A
third was fired at medium elevation
and went square into one of the forts
and exploded among the men.
Imagination can hardly picture the
effects that shell produced in those forts
! The lines of blockade batteries stretch
ing half mile along the bank of the
river were heavily mounted with siege
| guns of from to 12 inch caliber, and in
about minute the whole lot of them
opened on those two little field pieces
These immense shells tumbled around
exploded about the field guns for some
| time at the rate OF about two minute.
1t was what might be called emphatical-
ly hot for the men of Battery d. For
tunately not man at the two guns was
| lost, but there was some nigh ty close
| shaving done. While this firing was
going on staff officer from General
Hooker dashed into the battery and Or
dered the firing stopped.
NOW us 10 Une result OF Jne 1OOllSn eS-
capade. The next day Johnston aban-
| doned the blockade batteries and his en-
tire position in front of Washington,
and the Confederate army fell back be-
hind the Rappahannock river McClcl-
Ian moved out with his army of 100, 900
men to occupy the country Johnston had
I occupied all winter, the Potomac river
was opened to navigation, and the for
eign nations gave in that the United
| States had gained bloodless but sub
stantial victory. But no authority outside
of General Hooker knew of the little af-
fair at Posey's Landing on the lower
Potomac. Indeed it was not thought
worth mentioning, but Mcclellan got
great glory,
No one in the North knew or suspect
cd why Johnston fell back until he
wrote the history of his campaig gns. In
| hot ha thnt hn Of