The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1890-05-04
soME NEW B0oKG
w..A,nrtoa. Idaho. .na A.oa,ans.

development OF Washington. idaho. aud Non
tdna from the time when they received sepa.
rate Territorial ORGANIZATIONS For tho an-
nails Of these Territorial units to the end oil
the fur company's regime In 1S48 when tho
question OF boundary between the possessions
Of Great Britain and those Of the Unttod statos
was setthedl we must have recourse to tho au
thoTs History OF tho Northwest Coast" while
tho subsequent record OF their affairs to the
institution OF distinct Territorial Governments
will be found In Mr.. BRncrofts History oil
Oregon" Washington having been set off from
Oregon, the creator part OF Idaho from Wash
ineton. and Montana from Idaho. In tho pres.
emit book the story OF Idaho Is brought down to
the close OF 1896, and that Of Washington and
Montana TO the recent admission OF those Ter
Titorios TO Statehood. The 800 pages allotted to
these topics are characterized By tho same
mlnuteness OF research and fulnoss OF informa-
tion which have marked NIL the preceding in
DtRilments OF the gigantic work undertaken by
the author. In attempting to outline somo Of
the mniu results OF Mr. Bnncrofts investiRa-
tions. we shall follow the order In which the
soveral Territories were organized.
II VIVA on March 2, 1853. that President
Pierce signed the bill making separate Ter
fitory OF all that part OF Oregon lying north OF
the Columbia River and OF line continued
eastward from q point near Fort Walla Walla
e'ohS bAo iVic-biANh pht0il" W tub INJURY
Mountains. 1t was originally Intended that
the new Territory should he called Columbia.
but during the passage OF tho bill the name
waa changed to Washington. According to a
census taken In the autumn OF the same year
the population was only 1905, and for some
yearS II increased very slowly owing to tho
lack OF good roads and the many obstruc-
lions to communication with the settled re-
gions east Of the Rocky Mountains and with
N.ii H. -. Al. n.
seekers was not TO profit but dismember the
Territory. BY 1868 eastern Washington. and
particularly the Boise basin, had 80 far out
grown the Puget Sound district that 1t de-
mandod separate government, and. notwith-
standing the opposition OF the western section.
the demand was granted. On March 3. 1863.
Congress passed an act organizing the
Territory OF Idaho out Of all that por-
ton OF Washington lying east Of Oregon and OF
the l17th meridian OF west longitude The
area left comprised 1890 square miles, wi tn
population Of but 12,51o. which. although
small, was nearly double that OF 1860. As late
as 1878 there were not more than 10000 inha5-
itants In Washington Territory. Thencefor-
ward however the growth was rapid In 1880
the population had risen to 7500U and In
1888 to 10000 This sudden and remarka-
bic expansion was mainly due to tho construc-
ton OF railway lines. At the beginning OF the |
aforementioned year the Northern Pacific oper- |
ated 762 miles within the Territorial limits the
Oregon Railway and Navigation Company 1872 |
miles and three smaller railroads collectively |
1l3. making altogether 1,l57 miles Of broad |
gauge iron road. where not many years before |
only few miles existed. There were also some
forty miles of narrow gauge road. The efect
OF the improved facilities for transportation
has been magical Besides the lumber, coal.
and cattle trade. which was considerable. the
Northern Pacific IN 1888 bore eastward 5761
tons Of grain. while tho Oregon Company car
ried 25O.OOO tons OF wheat, flour. and bar
ley. At the same time the capacity OF
Puget Sound vessels, foreign and domestic. had
risen to l.240.5 500 tons. In the last few years
especially the progress Of the Puget Sound
country has been phenomenal New towns
have sprung up In night, and previously uu-
important villages have become Incorporated
cities possessing large hotels. churches col-
leges. and opera houses. There is reas on to
believe that the census OF 1890 will show In
Washington property qualification OF $780,
100000 The amount OF coal mined In the Ter
ritory In 1883 was 1.l33.0O0 tons. The output
OF lumber from tho mills In only four localities
was 800. 5000 feet. more than two-thirds OF
which was sent out OF the State. The esti-
mated capacity OF all tho Washington lumber
mills Is over a thousand milton feet. board |
measure. There is u proportional production
and export OF laths and shingles. Another i'm
portant resource OF the new State is its fish
cries. In q single twelVemonth 100000 cases
OF canned salmon were shipped from the Wash
inGton side OF the Columbia TO foreign markets.
We have seen that tho Territory OF Idaho was
IN part set off from Washington. March 3. 1868.
II included also portions OF Dakota and Ne
braska. and comprised S26378 square miles.
When We consider It's conjunction Of rivers
and valleys, it's lava fields, mineral
sDrtnEs. and iuRumerRblS ilmpId lakes. We
cannot but deem Mr.. Bancroft JustLnOd In
terming II the worlds Wonderland" Its store ,
OF the precious metals 1rst attracted settlers.
and the author OF this book computes that the
yield Of gold and silver previously to 1881 was
800 OOO.0OO. Since the year Just named $780,
OO0y0O0 has been added 20 the output Of bullion.
BesLdeS the precious metals. tho abundance OF
Iron. copper. salt. sulphur. mica. sandstone.
limestone. granite. and marble distributed ,
throughout tho Territory assures Q wide
and profitable field 10 industry and rRpitaI.
The ostImatSd amount Of agricultural
andS 10 Idaho 10 I6.OO0.0D0 acres. Of
which 100000 had In 1859 been brought
IhdsE cultivation BY 40 expenditure Of
100000 on iTrigstIng esSSls The area
y forest lands 10 computed ~ 1900. /
10 acres Ahd that Of KrsEiBE lshds o.
Iot less thHB 2b.010.OOo. Before 1855 Idaho /,
QUO Dol W eAie 70 heSo Aog s1pon lSBds, but A
DOR the 0TsBlBR Of railroad Transportation 10
hat year the aggregate OGDOn Of IIVS stock wa ,
1000 head. In tbs year ending July No. Issp. ,
10 total outward tonnage u vi the railroad ,
ID sisAmbOsi llBnB IN Idaho gAS l6tO0o ,
10 Aggregate value u the animals Of eli /
lDeS b0u 90 tbs fSTI1S IL RssdI 1IlOOo,OVl 4
y regards tbs population u tbS TSSHt0TI. Ehls :
rs sonD0iO1 10 ISSe W 0Oy. bhOHp At 49,. 4
~ u sbirb punsbeT 2syOOO UsTe S1bsfebtS ~ !
~ boTDOB taIib 70 bEsAk thO Bvllltaaj :
pAsf u the bOfDoss thS TsfFLOaal ssES. !
tlnIs ~ Issi-hS uaSsSj les pFssarib. :
- rigorous ins oath Hblsb kspi large =
nss ~ - has anfmDg s0tSfs SSaI from ihs 1,
'S" hbSihsI 'hif tod uslb - ,Alld las gsi 4,
? - sstsfHiisss " tIS Va 10 lbislOs ssJfSlls a
.OaF
sAs 90 nAJ ~ iAst tasi HshSssss paassa d
!. :. 80 eiSshiflhE . nss tsfrilSfB, ~ 10 called
sssiaSs combining il.s BOftLss-i par ~ a
eobe hnf aoDisilihF lAHTfG st.a.,s NIL. . a