New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1890-01-26

ana bpcclllcu, whose SeUltuCt luclClOi oheii 'iN'
In ease of fugitive criminal alleged to have
been convicted Of the crime for which his surrender
is asked copy of the record of the conviction ana
of the sentence of the court before which such
conviction took place, duly authenticated, shall
be produced, together with the evidence proving
that the prisoner Is the person 10 WHOM tIe
sentence refers
ARTICLE VIII
The present convention shall not apply to any
of the crimes herein specified, which shall have
been committed, or to any conviction which shall
have been pronounced prior to the date at which
the convention shall come into force.
ARTICLE IX.
This convention shall be ratified and the rat-
fcatiOns shall be exchanged in London soon as
possible 1t shall come into force ten days after
its publication, in conformity with the forms pre-
sCribcd by the laws OF the high contracting
parties, and snail continue in force unit one or
the other of the high contracting parties shall
signify its wish to terminate IT, and no longer.
In witness whereof the undersigned have signed
the same and have affixed thereto their seals.
Done i'm duplicate at the City Of Washington
CScai1 JAMES &. BLAINE.
(seaJ JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE.
SECRETARY BLAINE'S LETTER.
The letter of Secretary Blaine. transmitting the
treaty to the President, is as follows:
70 the President
! have the honor to transmit herewith for
submission to the Senate a convention signed by
me, under your direction. and by the British
Minister at this capital, under the authorization
OF Her Malesty's Government, on the twelth day
of July last, for the eNtraditon of iugitives lI9m
Justice The only existing arrangement between 1yiL
for the delivery up of persons charsed
9c w9 e crime tbc i4qna hbn%ton % treaty ft Of
tie Sth of August, 1912. This is the oldest OF
the cXtraditon conventions Of the United states
now in force, and embraces only the
crimes OF murder, assault with intent
Ia
forgery. and the uttcrancc OF forged paper lhls
is the smallest number Of offences found IN any
Of our eNtradltlou treaties, except tHat "lIl uic
Hawaiian Islands, Of lSi9, in which the llst IS
the same. The insuiiicicncy Of such an arrange
mcnt with the country which forms the most con-
vcneHt refuge for our criminals has long Deen
felt Crimes among the most dangerous 10 Social
order have been committed with lmpunlty. ana
their perpetrators have been enabled To ENJOY the
fruits of their cTmnalliy IN safety, III country
adjacent 10 our own, and convenient OF access.
From time - time attempts have been made
10 provide a remedy for this condition Of affairs
but, from one cause and another, these efforts
have been unsuccessful The failure OF the
treaty concluded AZ London in June, 1856. left
the way open To further negotiations, which have
resulted in the convention now Transmitted MS
convention is supplementary 10 the Treaty OF
ls42 In the forty seven years during which
the latter arrangement has been III operation, IL
has been the subject of repeated judicial con-
structiop: and there has grown about II mass
of practice which 1t was not thought wise TO
disturb The present convention extends the list
of offences up TO the limits set in our eNtIadtlon
treaties with other Powers
The first offence added is mansaughter. which
is included in the treaty with the Netherlands,
proclaimed in June last: TIE next is counter
fcIilng or altering money or bringing counter
felt or altered money into circulation, grave
crimes which The courts OF Canada decided, III
the case Of Truman Is. smith, in lS6S, not To be
embraced in the offence of forgery and the utter
arcc Of forged paper, n construction whlch mas
since been adhered to. Emhezz cment, larceny.
obtaining money or goods by falSe fa,l;e
prctcnccs and receiving money, valuable
securities. other property. knowing the
same 10 have been embezzlcd stolen, or fraldu-
lcntlv obtained, are important offences which II
is usual 10 insert in cXtradii on treaties. Enl-
bcZzlcmeut is found in M least fourteen OF the
cNtradiiiou treaties ot the nltcd states, larceny
is found I'm the treaties with the Netherlands ana
Peru. and. with the limitation that the goods
and chattcS stolen shall be OF the value of so
or upwards, IN the treaties with Mexico and Spain
But limitation based upon the value Of the
things stolen is both illogical and unnecessary.
Cases will readily occur i'm which the thing stolen
may itself hc of small pccuniary value. hut OF
great Importance as evidence, Or for other pur-
poses Besides the fomatlcs attend
i.ct mct hat the demanding Government
is required to pay the expenses. are better guaran-
tees against demands based upon trivial causes
than an insignlicant pccunarY limitation. OBJ
tanning money or goods 10y false prctcnccs is found
IN the treaties with Spain and the Netherlands
and the reception of property crlminallN or fraud
ulcntlv obtained is found in the treaties with
Belgium and Luxembourg. The importance Of in
cludiug the latter offence in treaty. with Greau
Britain has been shown i'm several cases OF fuel-
tivcs who have sought asylum in Canada and II is
included in the treaties of Great Britain with
France Belgium, Spain, Luxembourg. Guatemdla,
Salvador Uruguay and Mexico. The offences of
obtaining and receiving are both of serious con-
sequence 10 commercial credit. and some of the
most celebrated modern criminal cases have been
of that cLar1ctcr
OF not less importance is the offence Of fraud
by hacc banker, agent, factor. trustee or director
member or officer of any company, made crlmlna
10y thc laws of both countries. Some Of the most
notorious of the criminals who have taken refuge
i'm Canada after committing crimes in the United
States which affected dsdstrouSlN the fortunes oi
many people. would have found themselves de-
priNcd of lum under that provision Perjury, or
the sub0rnaton OF perjury. Is tound IN ihc Ie'Ph'
treaty with Japan. Rape - found IN nineteen Ol
our ext tradition treaties. Kidnapping, chld-steaihS
and abduction are also familiar offences bur.
clary is frequently included Either piracy
simply. piracy by law of nations, is tound
i'm nearly all the eNtradtion treaties Of the United
States. In the Treaty OF lsi2. to which the
present convention is supplementary. piracy
is specified among the cNtmdltahlc crimes, nut.
Ms il has been held by the courts III England
10 cover only piracy by munlcipal Sia'utr'
fences on shipboard are included in many of our
cNtradition treaties Crimes and offences AGAINST
the laws of both countries for the Suppression
of slavery and the slave-tradc are included IN
the treaty with Spain; and in this relation II IS
pertinent 10 advert to the fact that tins Gov
ernmcnt is at present participating IN an inter-
national Congress at Brussels assembled for the
purposc of dcyislng measures to put an end 10 The
african slave trade.
From this brief review of the list of offences
in tlo nrc>cnt convention il is seen that they arc
merely common crimes. made punishable by the
laws of all civilized States and not such as are
made penal in any particular country by
sting The present convention only
places our cNtraditon relations with Great
Srtain on a modern basis and is in strict accord
with fine policy maintained 10y this Government
in It's similar relations with other Powers.
The second article of the convention contains
stipulation against surrender or tIlAl lol P"-
ltic,l oncncrs and the third article provides
that a person surrendered shall not be tried Tor
any offence other than that for which the extra
dition was granted The Latter provision Is III
most nf our recent treaties, and Is
in harmony with The late decision st1