davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12


The Board of Directors of tho Virginia
Fire and Marine Insurance Company met
at their Office yesterday on notice OF the
death of their honored president, MIR. W.
l.. Cowardin.
Captain George w. Allen was called to
the chair and in feeling terms announced
the object OF the meeting.
On motion of d.. Willis tho following
were appointed n committee to prepare
resolution expressive Of the sense OF the
board on this sad occasion: hessrs. II. Il.
Addison, Thomas Potts. and >. o. Davis.
These gentlemen presented tho following
memorial, which was adopted;
BoARD-RooM VR0IyIA FIRE Ayp)
Insurance COMPANY,
RICHMOND. February IL. 1890.
To-day our board-room is changed from
one of business TO ono of sorrow. Our
president and chairman is absent, his chair
is vacant, the place that he filed so long
and so well will know him no more. This
morning at $50 after few days sickness,
the Angel of Death called our friend and
valued president away from the labors OF
this world to, We hope, tho better world
above.
Mr. William L. Cowardin entered the
service of this company US clerk IN 1871.
became its secretary in 1886, and presi-
years, and in each and every position he
labored for the upbuildng and advance
ment of tho Virginia Fire and Marine In
surance Company.
Mr.. Cowardin was richly endowed with Q
mind full of valuable information and
ranked as one of the most accomplished
underwriters in this country. He was a
true friend. gentle and afectionate In his
manner. blessed with u disposition that
could forget and Danish i'll will he carried
with him warm affection for mankind
aud was ever ready and willing TO do On
act of kindness to those in distress.
Resolced, That we will attend his funeral
in a body, and that this paper be recorded
on the minute-book, and the Secretary be
requested to send copy to Mrs. Cowardin
and family, and TO express our deep sym
pathy with them in their aftiiction. and also
to publish this record in our city papers
and in the New York CJldeJ7orite,'.
THoMAs PorTs, Chairman,
Il. u. ADDISON,
ID. y. DAVIS,
Committee.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
PRISON ASSOCIATION.
Proposed Measure Looking to n Reforma-
tory and Help for Ex-Conyicts.

Mr.. Loyenstein Yesterday introduced in
the Senate bill to incorporate the Prison
Association Of Virginia. The corporators
are Messrs. William B. Williams. George l..
Christian, Joseph Bryan, ThomasS. Atkins.
Adolphus Blair, ID. @. Richardson, Norman
v. Randolph, Archer Anderson. Daniel ).
Morrison, and Robert Stiles. The object
OF the association is the improvement OF
the government, discipline, and general
management of prisons within this State.
whether under the control ot the state,
city, or county authorities; the ameliora-
ton OF the condition of prisoners, whether
detained as witnesses or for trial or finally
convicted. and the encouragement and ald
OF discharged conyicts who exhibit any de-
sire 70 reform and become good citizens. -.
IL IL proposed that the association shall
have power in furtherance Of said objects
TO establish and conduct anywhere within
the State such employment offices"
homes OF industry" or other agencies OF
like aim and character rs they may deem
best calculated to aid discharged conyicts
by aifording them the means of obtaining
an honest livelihood, and sustaining them
in their efforts at reform, and also
to establish such houses of cor
rection, work-houses, or other instltu-
tions Of like aim and character as they
may deem advisable and in their discre-
tivh ~ ItttiFt lutO liltih pAth OhhAtA"a VI
Tenders, vagrants, disorderly persons, or
persons convicted of petty crimes as the
courts and magistrates may gee fit 10 COM
nit to their charge. and the association
shall have the same power to detaln.
govern, and employ the persons so COM
mitted rs are by law conferred upon the
proper authorities of the State peniten-
tiary with regard to the persons commit
ted to IL.
It is proposed also that the association
shall have power during the minority of
any person committed to their charge to
bind them out as apprentices or servants in
such manner as will in the Judgment OF the
appropriate officers be most conducive to
the reformation and real advantage ofsuch
minor.
The association is authorised to visit and
inspect all the prisons in the State. to make
and enforce its bylaws and constitution,
&c.
The bill was referred to the Committee
on Public Institutions.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Respectfully submitted
Jus,,ce Crutcl,fle,d,s Court.

In the Police Court yesterday John
Brown, Robert Fife, William White, James
White. Frank Field. and u. IL. Mayo
(colored). were charged with fighting and
creating disturbance on the street. Mayo
was also charged with striking Sergeant
Hulce. Brown and Fife were fined each
$3.50 and costs; each of the others wore
fined S5 and costs, and Mayo was sent on
TO the grand jury for striking Sergeant
Hulce. The blow which the officer received
was ssverly painful though not serious
one.
Salle Smith, charged with stealing q
plain gold ring from s. Crowell, was given
fifteen days in Jail.
Charles Moon and Alice Morton were
fned $40 for misdemeanor. Moon was
also charged with having two stolen
satchels in his possession. but the hearing
of this charge was continued.
Berkeley Taylor (colored) was fined $40
for assaulting and beating Martha Thomas.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Duane vs.. Yarrell.

The Senate Committee on Privileges and
Elections yesterday afternoon heard argu-
ment in the contested case of j. @. Duane
rs. l.. ID. Yarrell, from the Greenesyiile
district.
MIR. Edgar Allan represented the con-
testant, and Judge Waller X. Staples and
Colonel K. @. Marshall appeared for the
contestee.
The committee decided not to make
known their Recommendation in the mat
ter until the report is read in the Senate
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
COUNTY COURT OF BENRIco.
Mortuary Report.

The whole number Of deaths in the city
last week was 67.
Causes Of Death: Asthenia, I colored ;
angina pectoris. 1 white; brain-disease,
/ white; catarrh, colored; congestion
lungs. colored consumption, white
and colored: debility, white; diphthe-
ria, 1 white; Neutrality-suspicious., white /;
exhaustion 2 white; fever-scarlet, /
colored; fever-typhoid, white; fever
Inalarial, l colored; heart-disease, / color
ed; hemiplegia, colored, hemorrhage-
post partum, colored inanltion. / color
ed; jaundice, white; killed byrailroad, |
colored; Ia grippe, colored; marasmus, l
white; meningitis, 2 white; old age. !
white and colored; paralysis-throat,,
colored; paralysis-general, l colored {;
pneumonia, 10 white and 10 colored; pleu-
ro-pneumonis, colored; premature
birth, colored rheumatism. colored ;
unknown, 3 colored.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
SALARIES.

Tho Legislature, celebrating upon the dates
and services required OF the Com missioner OF
Agriculture hxed his salary at 81 500 per annum.
and tha: OF his clerk as 500 per year. which were
paId out Of tho general funds OF tho state. In
creating the Board OF agriculture and imposing
UPON the said commissioner tho duties OF secre-
tsry and treasurer of the board II did not think
prOper 10 cn2nge the salaries Attached 70 tnoir
Offices, but appropriated 10000 year 10 90 at
tie disposal OF the board for tho special snd de-
fined purposes declared in the act. aud intended
Tor the oenedt OF thu agricultural class.
The Board OF Agriculture tcok 500 per year
out Of this special approprianon aud Increased
the salary OF tho Commissioner or Agriculture
BY that amount, and smother sSo per year ana
increased the pay OF his CLERK ~ mat amount:
Ihoy should have first obtained the sanction of
tho Legislature before so using these specially
appropriated fund.-. 1ne cierk 10 Ar. DAVID ).
Tho board created tho once Of Inspector and
sampler, arixed a ssiary Of 1900 per year thero-
To- and appointed Mr.. n. 4. Whitehead theI eto
Colonel Harrison, when tho sample taken BY
the sampler was the basis OF tue official analysis,
employed an agent only during the months
when tho fertilizer mad b-en Manufactured aud
on tho market, and cost the state during tho
year 1857 only 1855. Under tho present rsgfsas,
whan the sample taken By the inspector Is never
the subject Of an oficiai an sys.s. aud Is hardly
ever analyzed at ell, it seoms peculiarly unnc-
the time OF his service.
These unnecessary and wasteful expenditures
are none the less reprehensiDle. because there u
an air OF self-interesl and nepotsm surrounding
them.
Ths once has been removed TO large four
story building on Main street-lsrge aud CON-
modious and expensive qusrterA Tbs rent 10
s., 900 per year.
mo books seem to be we'll kept and the
routine OF the offics orderly and properly dis
charged. The lsDorstory Is we'll equipped, art
sthe collection of minerals, wood, cereals. and
other products Of vlfginis interesting. May Of
these, however, were coilocte during for mer ad-
minisuasions he literature dispensed ID also OF
good character. The Cabinet having been en-
largod toe board might have bad such liRht and
evidence before them as 70 justify In their ninds
such increase In the salaries OF the Commia-
sioner OF Agriculture and his ASSISTANTS Likewise
I'd regard ~ the ront OF mo building.
cosRARIsoN.
Below in tabulatsd form = soms of TIE sx-
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
HOW TO STRENGTHEN OUR BONDS
Tho Virginia Debt Question and an Extra
Session.

SESSION
The State Of Virginia has securities and
assets. of one sort and another. which II
sold will realize about 81 100000. Trea-
surer Harman proposes that these be con-
verted into cash, which shall be put into
the State Treasury to the credit of q fund
TO be held sacred for the payment of the
interest. His idea is that this will be such
assurance of our good faith and ability to
paw the interest on the new 3's that the
bondholders will be glad to fund and thus
end the veKatious and costly debt CUES
ton. Also. that TO facilitate this end the
law should be so amended rs to allow those
Offering bonds for funding to supply the
missing coupons with others of equal value,
without regard to dates and series.
The Finance Committees OF tho two
houses have been considering Mr.. Har-
mans suggestions, which have made a
greet impression. but there are several serl-
ous obstacles to be removed. The greatest
OF these is TO frame an act which will con-
vince the bondholders that the money 80
sci apart for interest will not be drawn
upon for any other purpose.
Tho decisions of the Supreme Court OF
the United States in the various debt cases
before il have not yet been rendered, ana
ibi, ss one Of the reasons the Senefal As
sembly is slow to act upon any deot propo-
sition. o..
After the court has given its opinions il
will be a couple Of weeks before certified
copies can be obtained. for il is the custom
of that tribunal 20 put its manuscripts
into type, read and correct its proof
sheets. before allowing copies TO be made.
In view of this fact and Of the further
fact that the present legislative session
ends on March 5th nothing seems more
certain than that if the debt question is to
be dealt with TO any great extent 1t must
be at an extra session of the General AS
sembly.
The disposition, however. is to strengthen
our new SIS. 50 as to induce funding, and TO
pass such laws as may be necessary 10 Eeep
the coupons out of the Treasury. -,
With the increased revenues that will
come from the cities and from some few
very few-of the counties under the reas.,
sessment of 1880, and with new subjects OF
taxation that might be reached for the sake
of giving an eternal quietus to the debt
question. it is believed by many that
interest could be readily paid upon the
whole debt if funded. Mr.. Harman's
scheme if adopted would be guarantee OF
fhiq-
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Assignment of Levi Hexter.

A deed of assignment was recorded IN
the Chancery Court Yesterday from Levi
Hexter to Samuel Proskauer, trustee. con-
veyiug the stock of goods and merchandise
in the storehouse at No. go east Broad
street.
The liabilities are $4,000.
The creditor of the FIRST class is the FIRST
National Bank, 500: second class-Leyl
Hexter. trustee for Sarah Glass. SC49
Levi Hexter trustee for E0sa i. Hexter'
Sl49.44; Rosa b. Hexter, $500; Lew hex
ter. trustee for Myer Peyser, $3.50 MIS-.
Roaa Wise. S275; Mrs. Il. Peyser. 81 ,Oo0
2ipporah May and Rosa b. Hexter, S2of'
and First National Bank, 500.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
NJ. IT. Mccarthy. Secretary.
Board or UNpEnwRrrxRs OF RICHMOND, !


RICHMOND, VA, February IL. 1880.
The Richmond Board of Underwriters
having been informed of the death of w.
l.. Cowardin, so long president of this
board TO which position he wes for many
years reelected unanimously. desires now
to express thoir sense Of the loss they have
sustained, as well as their high apprecia-
ton OF him officially; of his loyablo quail
ties as an associate: of his inyariable
courtesy, and of his value as citizen. His
natural kindness and gentleness of manner
won for him friends among all sorts and
conditions of men. Such noble soul
should not pass away without some ex-
preston of our sorrow: therefore
Resolrsd, That in the death OF W.. L..
Cowardin, so dear to us. this Board has
lost president who bore himself with q
modesty as conspicuous as was hisfairness,
ability, and impartiality.
ResOlced, That sympathizing deeply with
his family in their bereavement. we re-
quest the Secretary TO send TO them copy
Of these resolutions, spread the Same upon
the minutes, and cause them to be pub
llshed in the city papers.
JonE III. MONTAGUE.
JONI w. GORDON,
GEORGE ID. PLRAsAyrs,
Committee.
A copy from the minutes.
D.. T. Dtnu .pt.anr Go0rotorU
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Guild Of America closed its FIRST regular
session last night Before closing il grant
ed charters to four subordinate chapters
IN this city. The Supreme Executive Com
business of the Guild during the recess of
the Supreme Chapter. This Executive
Committee II composed Of well-known rep
resentatiye citizens of Richmond.
Supreme Secretary Galeslxi has been very
busy with correspondence since the first OF
the year, and good men ere applying for
charters IN the large cities North, South.
and West.
The installation of the officers Of Pioneer
Chapter, No. /, takes place at Belvidere
Hall tonight. The supreme officers will
be present
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
The Elecfric-Lina Men.

Mr.. G. w. Montague. chairman Of the
committee of the Electric-Line men, yes
terday requested the Dispatch to say that
the clerical errors made at the Office, TO
which the report in the Dispatct of yester-
day referred. had no reference TO the gene
raj offices of the company, but to the
Office at the corner of Twenty-ninth and =
streets, the car-sheds. The members OF
the committee speak in terms OF praise OF
Captain Pizzini and Mr.. Scott at the gene
raj Offices
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Librettos for the Opcra,

SCORES FOR THE OPERA,
MUac FOR THE OpnA
as played by the Emma Abbott Company
for sale at reduced prices.
WALTER ID. MosZs Il Co..
1905 Main street, opposite Post-Office.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Job Printing.

The Dispatch Company are prepared
with unsurpassed facilities to execute all
kinds of job Printing as promptly. neatly,
and cheaply as il can be done anywhere in
the country. Orders respectfully collected
and satisfaction guaranteed. Good work
mon work. Will cheerfully furnish esti-
mates for printing when desired. Send
your work to the Dispatch Company and
thereby save money.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Meeting Of tho Life Members and Stock
holders.

Mr.. Starke was seen yesterday and asked
what was the object of the meeting OF the
stockholders and life members of the Agri,,
cultural and Mechanical Society TO DO neld
at the rooms of the Chamber of Commerce
March 18th ut IL o'clock NJ. He answered: I:
Nothing that I know of except to consid-
er the proposition of selling the Exposi-
ton Grounds and paying the debt."
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Book and Job-Printing.

Books, Pamphlets, Folders, Circulars.
Letter-Heads. Note-Beads, Bill-Heads.
Checks. Drafts, Notes.. Bonds, Cards.
Tickets, Labels. Tags, Envelopes. lnvita-
tions. Hand-Bills. Dodgers. Posters. Deeds,
Certificates, Contracts, Agreements, and
promptly and at low rates at tho DtpdtcA
PRINTING House.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
TUE CHEMICAL DEPARTMENT.

This department might be made OF great
benefit to me farmer, but through no fault OF
tne chemist Although the cost OF tho same has
been greatly Increased over tho cost under Colo
mel Harrison, tne department unier present
laws has been worse tlan useless Tho aiYan-
tago Of having chemical department "a nain-
ly to secure a fair anRlyss OF tho different
brands Of fertilizers sold 10 the farmer, 50 that
he may soc what he wants and know what h0 Is
buying. To make tho analysis valuable tho
analyzed sample should De fairly taken as near
the consumer and as far from the dealer OF manu-
factnrer as possible. Under Colonel HarrtsOn
a sampler vas employed. who during tho pro-
per season of tho year visited tbs different por-
lions OF the State and extracted samples from
goods resiy for delivery to the farmer. This
SIMPLE WAS aualyzsd and published IN the 1n-
nual report and elsewhere accompanied by a
statemont of the place where tho sample was
taken Last sessiOn law was passed which
placed a tax Of twenty dollars ON each brand OF
fertilizer sold ia she state and required the
manufacturer or dealer 10 furnish sample OF
the brand for analysis. This tax was laid on o
commodity which only those engaged in agri-
culture use aud was peculiar burden
impOsed upon tho Agricultural class which was
paid either 10 tho Increased price or lnIeriOrity
of ina article Tho samples for analysis under
this law are furnished by the manufacturer or
dealer, and th's IL the sample which Is officially
aunlyzed aud published. The samples taken by
tho inspector, found on the market sro mover
the subject ol the published official analysis,
aud In but very limited instances have been
anslyZod at oil, and tben only TO test few ofl-
clel sam pies, and the result was not published.
The most honest dealer Will take caro- that the
sample furnished will measure up " tue high
IS, standard Of his goois, aud the dishonest
dealer will seize the opportunity TO palm oil on
the public dishonest sample.
Al the analyses published in the annual re-
ports Of 1885 and 1888 are OF samples thus fur
nisned. and are more likely 10 deceive than 10
inform. The present law by the chemist aud in-
deed on oil sides Is "a confessed fsiigre. Ihe
remedy WOULD pe q radical change ia the law.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

upon the market. ! believe It has gensrsiiy
given satisfaction as tonic aud bieed-purinss.
1 shall continue 10 carry &c in stock 90 long -
there Is demand for It.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
The Governor's Reception.

Governor and Mrs. Mckinney will give
their first public reception this evening
from to II o'clock. They will be assisted
by Mrs. james Lyons, Mrs. Miles Cary;
Mrs. 4. W. Flournoy, and Mrs. EDWARD
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

The Dispatch Company execute job
printing in good style and low prices.
Send in your orders and they will bo
promptly and satisfactorily executed.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
ckest Time ON Ee.

Richmond to Norfolk. ria Petersburg,
hours and As minutes. Leave Rlchmond
9:40 A. NJ. arrive Norfolk i2:25 y. NJ. Solid
trains without transfer or delay.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
Job Printing.

Send your orders for job printing 70 the
Dispatch Company and your work viii be
done promptly. neatly, cheaply, and satis-
factoriiy.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

You donr have to continue dosing with SIN.
moas Liver Regulator. Often Aiittls cusseses
fectuaiiy.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
REAL ESTATE IN NEW HANDS.
Deeds of Bargain and Sale Put on Record
Yesterday.

Yesterday.
The following deeds were admitted 70
record in the Office of the Clerk of the
Chancery Court yesterday;
Richard II. Hardesty to George Schlei-
cher. personally, So.
Thomas ID. Neal. Jr.. and wife to Parker
T. Conrad, 30 feet on Floyd street, north
west corner Cherry, S4, 200.
James G.. Whitlock to James Turpin, 80
feet on Thirty-first street, southwest cor
ner o, $500.
COUNTY COURT OF HENRrco.
A. =. Duesberry 10 A. Il. Courtney,
acre on south side Deep Run turnpike, five
miles from city, 800.
Il. A. Patterson and wife to William T..
Ford, Sc feet ON north side Oak street at
corner Temple, n $50.
Samuel p. WaddIll. clerk. TO r. q. Bot
toms. l12 acres, sold In name OF Francis
Bottoms and A. VI. Akin, trustee, $23.72.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

For this terrible disesss ssts plain 0gupo
Pure Pine Tar. Aorenoznd. and wa 0msy-
d.. pxvsds Cough syrup
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
.Iob PRINTING.

81 took A. B. G. medicine. am well.
That Doctor keeps you alive enough to live
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

No one over trssd simmons Resulssos without
being satisfied with iu effect
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Compare Hoods Sarsapariila with other
blood purifiers and you viii see that 1t Is
BY Ear the best.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Why VIII you suffer from Indissssiea 80
Dyspspsias simmons Liver Reeusssos y 49,
ssnt and ouro4
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

The best testimonials with addresses ac-
company each bottle of A. Il. @. remedies.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Progressive Endowment Guild Matters
After harmonious session thc suurems
Chapter Of the Progressive Fndoxmsnt
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Special Sale of Fine Furniture. Carpets.
Mirrors, Crockcry. Sc.
The sale OF the above commences at my
auction-rooms at 1880 A. NJ. Every house.
keeper should attend. The sale will COM
mence with the carpets.
GEORGE ". Mayo, Auctioueer.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12
The Route to Roanoke, Lynchbsss. nnd
the Great Southwest
Is VIA PErKRsBUEo,

Trains leave Richmond 90 A. n. and
1i:so ?. n; daily; I, Returninq Ret sydvs Hob; J;
information apply TO II. w. Oouftnsy, Psu.
senger Agent. S0i Main atresl
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

n you feel ell broke up and ous Of sorss sgk
ta,e your liver with simmons Liver RsgulstoE.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Dixie Nerve and Bono Linimsns 10 shs bsss fcs
man or beast.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Horsepower known Is Dirio Condition Povdsa
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

Quick Stop for nesdnehe.
wsfrsntsd 10 cure any headache IL nf>sso -
uts& Safe 70 Use 81 sny unA
Endorssd By many physicians - The oniy ouse
price a3c.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

A copy from the ilinntes.
Ro. 4. RICHARDSON, Secretary.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1890-02-12

l.. WAGNER. Druggist,
corner sixth ana Broad sereeR