Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1890-09-25
SENATOR HAWIFY.

| enue-1ne 1ocu OF the W note Country
The Western Farmer-Canada and Lum-
| ber.
SENATOR HAwLEY.
The foreigner says the Yankee never
undertakes to manufacture thing with
out getting up a newer process. That is
true You enact this duty upon tin plate
and you will not see probably 100 pounds
of it made as they make it in Europe
now, by going around and clumsily dip
ping the plate into pickle two or three or
four times You will soon find machine
that will travel those plates through
from one bath after another. You will
find it done by machinery. You will find
the process improved and the price Of
your tin brought down The Yankee
contractor never undertakes to make
10000 of anything In the world without
having ten or fifteen or twenty workmen
in the shop all the while studying as to
how they can do it better and cheaper.
In the language of the Englishman,
the American invents as the Greek
sculptures or the Italian paints. It Is
genius, and we have had the great
craftsmanship and common sense to fos-
ter all this by an admirable patent law,
which has been as cheap as dirt com
pared with the patent laws of foreign
countries.
Now, give Us a chance. Put up
fence for time; keep out not a legiti-
mate competition. / do not care if the
margin is SO close that some of the for
eign goods get in, perhaps so much the
better; but it Is no fair fight when peo-
pie are compelled to work for ten or fif-
teen or twenty cents a day in other
countries hold it Is worth while that
we should establish those industries In
this country.
| SENATOR PADDOCK.
During the last decade the farmers of
our state have more than doubled their
own wealth and the wealth Of the state.
They have seen their farms appreciate
in value. often hundred fold. and their
crops find ready sale at remunerative
prices. Overproduction, resulting from
want of proper diversihcation, unwise
haste in marketing the products of their
farms. local partial failures Of crops, due
to caprices Of nature over which neither
they nor protective tariff have any
control, have at times decreased the re-
turns Of their labor and lessened the an
nual rewards of their toll
But | affirm, with the confidence of
intimate personal knowledge, that no
class engaged In building up Its fortunes
by personal labor has prospered In a
fuller degree during the past decade
than the western farmer; has been en-
abled to earn more, or to save more, or,
in proportion to capital invested, has
secured larger interest returns on its
principal However unremunerative ag-
riculture may be In section drained
of its inhabitants through emigration
from its worn out soil and stony hills to
our rich western prairies, the mere fact
of reduced populations In such portions
of the east and south Is the highest Of
tributes to the paramount and splendid
advantages offered by the western farm.
The well settled valleys and prosper
GUS uplands Of my own state, dotted
with generous farm houses, TO which
hundreds of thousands Of acres of corn
wave welcome even in this year of uni
versal drought and disaster in the corn
belt; the hundreds Of thriving villages
and towns, the churches, the handsome
institutions Of higher learning, and the
thousand and one humber little school
houses on the hill tops-each and all the
product of barely thirty years of settle
ment In an agricultural state-are suf-
6cient denial of these extraordinary
statements as to the desperate condition
of Nebraska farmers. repudiate them
utterly on behalf of the agriculturist of
the state which in part have the honor
to represent here. There can be no dis
aster In Nebraska as the result of pro-
tective policy properly adjusted and ap-
piled
SENATOR STEWART.
Mr. President, think that of all coun-
tries on earth Canada should be the last
to be favored by this country In our pro-
| tective tariff. She discriminates against
everything that comes from our coun-
try. Take agricultural machinery. An
import duty of 35 per cent. is levied by
Canada on machinery from the United
States, while all other machinery has to
pay duty of from 10 to IS per cent.
Canada puts duty on coal oil especially
high. 100 per cent; also on anthracite
coal We have no duty on anthracite
coal. while they have high duty ON it,
ffty-six cents ton. And so on through
the whole list, which have not time in
my five minutes to recite-
When we come to lumber we have no
duty on logs. If tea and coffee go from
this country into Canada they have to
pay duty Of 10 per cent. ad valorem.
have a long list Of discriminating
duties against the United States which
have not time to read, but will come
to the question Of lumber.
We have no duty on logs. They have
a duty of s1.01 per thousand feet. Sen
ators will remember that two years ago
last spring raft CT logs came into this
country known as the Joggins raft, and
it paid 5000 export duty to Canada
They have another method of getting
even with us on lumber. Most of the
lands belong to the public, and they
charge stumpage of s. per square mile
and royalty of per cent on all sales.
Now, If you put lumber on the free
list the Canadian government, according
to Its uniform practice, will add to this
royalty and put on an export duty, SO
that you will get no gain whatever from
it You will injure the million people
engaged In the business for the benefit
of the Canadian people and the Canadian
government. It Is square give away
of the rights Of the American people. 1t
will benefit no one It will not make
lumber one cent cheaper.
You can trace it right through the
whole list, and they will take advantage
of every particle Of this tariff which you
give away. They will take 1t and give
it to their people and TO their govern
ment, and keep it there for the benefit of
the Canadian people and the Canadian
government as against our people, who
take this tariff off. It will not benefit
the people of this country one iota, be-
cause they will put on all the burden 1t
will bear and come into our market, and
If you take off any part of the burden
they will put 1t on again, because they