Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1890-06-14

book, otherwise, the label being lost be-
fore bearing, loss and confusion of names
will result.
80. Tools for cultivating orchards with
out tearing up roots are the Acme smooth
ing harrow, Shares and disk harrow.
so. Destroy codling moths by spraying
with Paris green and London purple, and
punch borers in their holes with flexible
wire.
81. Farmers who allow cattle to break
into their young orchards should remem-
Der that fences are as important as manure.
80. Planting in thin soil, setting trees
hurriedly, and allowing weeds and grass
possession of hard and crusted earth,
will not accumulate silver and gold.
SO. Planting large nursery trees, care
lessly dug with short and mutilated roots.
will prove improbable.
"a. Shortening back the heads of
newly-transplanted trees after the opening
of the leaves, instead of before the SWELL
ing of the buds, checks the growth and
seriously Injuries them.
35. Allowing weeds and grass to grow
in young orchards invites mice and stunts
the trees.
sc. Permitting suckers to grow around
the trunks, and thus making a wastefui
brush-heap, spoils the trees.
81. Setting young orchards in meadows
and grain fields often destroys them.
3S. Pruning too much at a time, in
stead of light pruning in successive years
if needed, Injuries the vigor of trees
/, Country Gentleman.
HORSES FOR PROFIT.
Profits in horse raising are variously UNI
| derstood and misunderstood. The demand
for good horses of every description in this
| country shows that there is good field
| open for those who enjoy raising animals
for profit. Probably there is no more pro-
fitable stock to raise than good horses. To
compute the cost in rough way, one is
astonished to find the small expense at
tached to the work. 1t costs more to buy
COED horse than to raise good one.
During the first four or FIVE years the colt
is dead loss to the farmer, but no more
so than the steer. At that age the colt
will sell for nearly twice or three times
| the price that the best steer will bring.
If kept on the farm the colt will from the
fourth year on pay his own way, while his
value increases for time. But all of
| tAAo PACouppOoCS SOOu COitSy Which
can only be raised from good parent
stock, and by the expenditure Of some
time and labor. 1t pays to get a good
thing in horses, and then to try to i'm
prove the stock. In many ways fall colt
is better than spring colt, and will be a
less TAX on the mare.
When a week old the young colt should
be halter broken, and this means that she
is half broken. They should be accus-
toned to separation from the mother
when very young for short periods, and as
they grow older the separation will not be
felt SO much. The colts should be fed so
as to keep them strong and healthy, but
guard against making them fat. Many
colts suffer from the overlooking of corn
which they receive. Bright hay or fodder
and little oats and bran each day should
be fed as well as corn. They do we'll when
turned out in the pasture lots where they
can get exercise, sunshine and plenty OF
grass. On the treatment of them during all Of
this time will depend largely their future
good and usefulness. If taught to love
and like their master they will always
be the same, but if forced to feaI
him they will ever be shy and unruly
Half of the colts are ruined during
the three or four years when they are
being prepared for future work
Like the education of many school boys
they are neglected or i'll treated, forming
their characters for life time Above
and before all animals that are raised on
the farm, colts need the greatest kindness
and good treatment.-Prdctical Fdrmer.
MANURE HANDLING MADE EASY.
Among the many ways and means o.
cleaning the COW stable, observes Rura
New Yorker writer, have noticed two
which / have never seen described In
print. In one case track was hung from
the timbers over the manure gutter, like
those used with a horse hay fork. From
this track where it ended at the door a
wire rope extended across the barn-yard to
heavy post at the back of the shed al
which the manure was all kept under
cover. Hanging from the track was box
swung like hay fork; this Just cleared
the door-sill as it ran out, so that not
much pitching was required to fill it from
the gutter. This box-car was given a
smart push and ran out to block on the
wire rope where it hit bar across the
shed, which loosened a catch letting il
turn over. There being a slight uphill
slope to the shed, momentum took the car
there, and gravitation brought it back to
the stable door, where it was received, the
box turned over, the catch adjusted, and
the operation repeated until the stable was
cleaned.
In the other case, in the stable there
was very deep gutter, large enough to
hold all the manure made in a week. This
| xrac <.ra rod Il
day little plaster and enough dry muck
to absorb all the urine were thrown on the
manure. AT the end of the gutter door
was cut In the side of the barn. and the
gutter extended little beyond the side Of
the stable. SO that it projected over wagon
backed up or driven alongside. A scraper
like hoe, very little narrower than the
gutter, was used. The grating floor turned
up, the scraper was set back to suitable
distance, then a horse at the end of rope
hauled out into the cart or wagon load,
which was at once driven to the field and
spread. A few hours work did all the
stable cleaning for week and loaded it on
the wagon as well, all being done by horse
power except the spreading, and even this
could be lodged" by using manure
| spreader, for the manure that goes through
| a grating is fine, and again, such a floor
keeps cows clean and dry, and saves nine
tenths of the bedding.
CARE OF ASHES.
Statistics of insurance companies show
that the cause of an astonishing number of
fires in country places is carelessness with
ashes. In localities where wood is still
the fuel, every one knows that covering a
few live Goals with fine ashes will preserve
fire for very long time. Live Goals COW
cred in ashes in wooden ash-barrel or
bin will keep fire as long as in the fire.