The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1890-03-23
BISMARCK'S CAREER.
ACEIEV LMENT5 DURING THE LIFE
CT GERMANY'5 CHANCELLOR.

Who Hes Just Retired from the Eelm
OF state.
Otto Elwald Leopold Won Bismarck
Schonhausen, says the Philadelphia Press,
will be 70 years Old on April 1. He was
born Of noble ancestry. His mother was
handsome and prominent in society. She
was anxious that her son should enter the
ranks OF diplomacy. He was one Of six
children, and his frs schooling was re-
ceived in Berlin. In 1890 he catered the
University of Gottingen to study jurispru-
dence. Instead he drank beer, smoked
cigars, fought duels, and went vigorously
into ell the other excuses of student life
The regular course was three years. Bis
marck had difficulty in getting through in
five years. To prepare for mis- fl al exam
ination lie had to engage tutors and put
himself to great exertions.
When his mother died in 1889, Bismarck
took charge Of the PoDeranian estate of the
family. He worked hard to improve its
revenues, but the wild, dissipated days of
his university lie were not Yet over, and
many stories are still told of his bachelor
parties, where many a stormy night was
passed in drinking and gambling. ending
with duel in the park between two half
tipsy junkers. Bismarck's father died in
1915, and then he settled down. The death
of his father made him a landed proprietor
ard nobleman, who, by right of birth was
a knight deputy of the provincial diet Of
Meresburg.
In 1S47 he met the woman who was des-
tined t. be mis- wife. He fell deeply in love
with her after seeing her only a few times.
and true to his inpetuous nature, proposed
marriage at once. Her family hesltated.
They did not know what to make of the
VoGth who was called "Mad Bismarck"
lie settled things for himself by calling upon
her once when her PARENTS were present,
and embracing her, and then exclaiming to
their astonishment "WhaU God has united
let not no man put asunder." Their mar
riage did not occur Until July of that year.
This was shortly after the adjournment of
the Prussian Landtag, the first legislative
body in which Bismarck sat. Frederick
William ". was his sovereign taen, and
that monarch was deeply impressed with
the ability that the young exponent of
kingiy right displayed
THE REVOLUTION OF 1913.
The revolution of 1913 shook the founda-
tons of the rotten edIfce of European gov
ernments Prussia could not remain IN
touched by these great events. After a
bloody fight in the streets Of Berlin, March
Is, the king was obliged to yield, and the
often promised reforms took at last prac-
tical shape. In the Prussan assembly,
which met on April 2, Ri marck adhered
with characteristic consistency { the ultra
reactionary medieval principles OF whicn
ne had made himself the champion in the
previous Land5ag. He was almost alone
In voting against an address to the king
Offering the nations thanks for the
liberal concessions made to the almost unan-
imouS demands of the country, and finally
gained by the blood of thousands of citizens
ne was one Of the founders and active con-
tributors Of the notorious Kre1Lz-Zeitullg
an infamous sheet which, with utter con-
tempt of journalistic etiquette and modera-
ton, opposed every movement toward con-
sti,utional government. He was again
elected for the second session of the Assem-
bly,, and was always the most big ted and
extreme defender of every article of the
programme of his party-parSonal govern
ment union of church and state the latter,
however, being subServlent to the former,
exclusion of Jews from office, support of
monarchial principles throughout Europe,
and union between Austria and Prussia as
the only strong bulwark against demo-
cratic government.
In 1851 he WAS made PrusSian ambassador
to tie German Bundestag at frankfort
In 1872 be was sent on q mission to Vie ma.
Constantly he kept himself before the pub
lie. In 1852 to the establishment of all
diplomatists, he declared himself an oppo-
nent to Austria. 1t seemed to him that the
right m Hent had arrived for Prussia to
free herself from the tutelage Of Austria
He thought that Prussia should side with
Italy or remain neutral. Because of these
expressed opinions be was recalled from his
post and sent to st. Petersburg. There he
put himself on intimate terms with Alex
ander II. and Prince Gortchakoff, and it is
reasonably asserted that Russia's neutrality
during the wars of 1866 and 1870 was, in
large degree, due to bismarck'S influence.
His relations to the prince regent of
Germany, began at this time to be more
intimate and cordial than is usually the
case between an officer of the state and his
royal master, and it became a settled
opilion in political circles that the future
prime minis er of Prussia was the bold,
unscrupulous man who had first dared to
defy Austrian influence in German affairs.
BISMARCK SENT TO PARIS.
Frederick William ". died in 1861, and
William, his brother, succeeded to the
throne. At first the new king was afraid
of the plans of the political adventurer who
represented his government III st. Peters
burg, and whether it was to remove him
from his present scene of action, where he
had seemed to have gained so sound foot
ing, or whether it was to make some further
soundings before proceeding to further
action, Bismarck was recalled from his st.
Petersburg mission and sent to Paris in
MAY, 1862. The story of his residence in
Paris, tie meeting of the two adyentlrers
one occupying the throne Of France by vir
tue Of the fame of his uncle and on the
strength of the principles of 1888, the other
arevolutionist in the boldest sense of the
word, Presenting one of the most consar-
vatve governments in Europe, is yet an I'm
told clapter Of history. BismarcN did not
remain long in his new position. EARLY ia
September of the same year he received a
tele ram calling him to Berlin, and on the
%4th Of the same month he was appointed
minister Of state and president of the coun-
Gil
Various problems he confronted and
overcame Once il a speech in the House
Of REPRESENTATIVES he declared: ''The great
questions IF our times, the consolidation of
empires are not decided by fine speeches
and by majority votes, but by blood and
from
The Austrian question became more and
more involved. Bismarck was the greatest
figure in the controversy, and generally his
will governed the policy Of his government
He never concealed his views. and after the
convention of Gastein he openly declared
hat war with Austria was inevitable
Doubt as to the position of France in case
OF war between the two leading German
lowers became a great factor in the dip