Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1890-07-25
ColorS.

Chevreul, who recently died at the ripe
old age of 103 years, terms his research in
the realm of colors as the philosophy of
natural phenomena. About all the
knowledge we possess in this vast and
beautiful field is due to this grand old
man.
Chevreufs genius has demonstrated that
the harmonies of color are submitted to
immutable laws which he hes revealed,
and the certainty and fruitfulness of which
he has demonstrated by calculation.
There aie but three primary colors gen
orally recognized-bIue, red and yellow.
These are called primary because they can
not be produced by compounding any
other colors. Then we have the. secsnda-
ries-green, purple and orange. From
these We derive the tertisries-olive, cit
rine and russell. Purple and green mako
olive; orange and green, citrine; purple
and orange, russell. Thus we have the
three classifications denoting all the colors
extant From these are derived the hues,
tints and shades. A hue is obtained by
the combination of any of the primaries.
The hue may vary according to the pre-
dominating influence of one color over an
other. To obtain "tint" we simply add
white to any of these colors; and to form a
"shade" we add black or any--of the dark
colors.
So from the above we have the alphabet
of colors. The variety of tones, tints,
hucs or shades to be obtained from this
alphabet are as Kaleidoscope in their pos
sibilities as the alphabet of letters. The
hand of man or the skill of the artist will
never exhaust them.
We have still another term we use in re-
lation to eolors which bears its own signif-
icance also, and that is ffone.n While we
have our three primaries to start from, yet
we have no standard 'tone" from which
we shall start our secondaries. There are
many different kinds of red, yellow and
blue, and we signify the difference as
tones" the same as we apply the term
to different instruments of the same kind.
You will say that this piano has much
better tone than that piano. So we will
find in selecting our primaries. While
some of the 'high-toned' reds will produce
a much more beautiful tint, they are too
fugitive to use for exterior house painting;
so, too, with the green's and yellows, while
some are quite permanent. Below we
give list of formulas for mixing colors
which will be of service to the amateur
house painter and to ladies who decorate
their own ''bric-a- brac."
French Red-This color is simply Indian
red, lightened with vermilion and glazed
with carmine.
Chocolate Colorado lake or carmine
to burnt umber; or take Indian rod and
black to form q brown; then add yellow to
bring about the desired shade.
Yellow Lake-Take of umber and white
equal parts and Naples yellow and scarlet
lake; glaze with yellow lake.
Olive Brown--Mix one part of lemon
yellow with three parts burnt umber.
Change proportions for different shades.
Clay Drab-Raw sienna, raw umber and
white lead, equal parts; then shade with
chrome green.
| Bismarck Brown-Take carmine, Grim
son lake and gold bronze and mix together.
If light shade is desired, use vermilion in
place of carmire.
Jonquil Yellow-Mix fake white and
chrome yellow, and add vermilion to car
mine.
Medium. Gray-Eight parts of white to
| two of black. ises
Lead Color-Eight parts of white, one Of
blue and one Of black.
Light Buff-Yellow ocher, tinted with
white.
Deep Bufr-The same, with the addition
of little red
French Gray-White shaded with ivory
black
Gold Color--White and yellow shaded
with red and blue.
Pearl Color-White, black and red in
proportions to suit taste.
Canary Color-Five parts white aud
three parts lemon yellow.
Oak Color-Five parts white, two of
yellow, and one of red.
Olive Color-Eight parts of yellow, one
blue, and one black.
Snuff Color-Four parts of yellow and
| two of Vandyke brown.
Rose Color-Five parts Of white and two
of carmine.
Bottle Green-Dutch pink and Prussian
blue for ground; glaze with yellow lake.
Salmon Color-Five parts white, one
yellow, one umbcr, one red.
Brown Three parts of red, two black,
and one yellow. .a ass
Copper Color--One part red, two of yel-
low, and one Of black.
Lemon Color-Five parts of lemon yell
low and two of white.
Straw Color-Five parts Of yellow, two
of white, and one of red.
Fawn Color--Eight parts of white, one
of red, two yellow, and one of umber.
Flesh Color-Eight parts of white, three
of red, and three of chrome yellow.
Chestnut Color-Two parts of red, one Of
black, and two of chrome yellow.
Vino Color-Two parts of ultramarine
and three Of carmine. \.
Green-Blue and yellow or black and
yellow.
Maroon Color-Three parts of carmine
ard two of yellow.
Tan Color-Five parts Of burnt sienna,
two yellow, and one raw lumber.
Pea Green-Five parts Of white and one
of chrome green. la as.sa.iaa
Stone Color--Five parts of white, two of
yellow, and one of burnt umber.
Citron-Three parts OF red, two Of yel-
low, and one blue.
Drab Color-Nine parts Of white and one
of umber.
Lilac-Four parts red, three white, and
one blue.
Purple-The same as lilac, but different
ly propcrtioned; say two parts Of blue.
violet-similar, but more rcd In than
purple.