davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25
Phosphate Mining in south Carolina

E...H.rr4 nEEE E&f.yS HNt ~-------- EckEE EEE&E.- EsIss g
The annual report OF Il. j.. Roche,
special assistant Of che Commissioned
of Agriculture, and who has charge
of the phosphate interests of the
State, is a well prepared paper and
gives some interesting information
IN 9 plain, business Ike manner.
From it we find that, in spite of the
discovery Of phosphate beds in Flor
ida, the demand for Carolina rock
has continued iii excess Of the sup
ply and it is now selling at 81 q ton.
The output of riyer.mined phosphate
was 10000 tons, which pays the
State aroyalty of 81 per ton.
While the river phosphates of
Florida arc very valuable, the land
mines yield 6 variety which is of q
pasty consistency, and which they
have not yet succeeded in drying
and thus rendering merchantable.
Mr.. Roche thinks the immense
river deposits in Florida and the fact
that large factories have been es-
tablished in Germany for manufac-
turing fertilizers from the Stag left
by the basic or open hearth process
of making iron, will eventually have
a very important bearing on tho
price of phosphates.
Now that the same process of
making iron has been adopted in
Alabama, we may expect similar fac
tories to be organized there, and a
consequent reduction in the price of
those fertilizers 80 necessary for the
restoration of the WORKOUT lands of
the South.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25
A Fine Showing.

Receiver Chamberlain, Of the South
Carolina Railway, filed his annual report
last week of the operations of this road
for the year 1SS9-90. Tho net earnings
are $3.50, 781, being an increase of $685.
oS7, over the previous year.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25

The theory that whiskey is neces-
sary in the treatment of pneumonia
has received a blow from DR.. Bull.
of New York City, who discovers
that in the New York hospitals 65
per cent. OF the pneumonia patients
die with alchoholic treatment, while
in London, at the Object Lesson
Temperance Hospital, only 5 per
cent. die. 49,.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25

10y virtue of al execution to me directed
| will sell, at public cutlery, in front of
Walhalla Court House, OF Salcday in
JANUARY NEXT, within the legal
hours of sale, all the right, title and
all that certain piece, parcel or LOT OF
LAND, situate in tho town of Seneca,
known as Lot No. 81, in tho plan of said
town, adjoining lots of Mrs. /. d. Fin
cannon, Mrs. Kittio Harper and others,
and containing ONE-IIALF ACRE, moro
or less, whereon w. II. Cole O resides.
Levied on as the property of Henry A.
Cole, deceased, at the suit of John Silvey
& Co. ,
TERMS OF. SALE-Cash. Purchaser
to pay extra for papers.
W.. w. MOSS, .
Sheriff Oconoe County.
December II, 1900. 40-1t
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25

BUENos AYREs, December ola
disaster has occurred at Cordova,
where the canal has burst its embank-
ments and destroyed hundreds of
houses. One hundred lives are re-
ported lost. General Roca, Minister
Of the Interior, has gone to the
scono to superintend measures of re-
lief.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25
Masters Sales.
STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, |

STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA,
as OCONEE COUNTY. :
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.
PURSUANT to judgmonto Of foreclosure
and decree of salo in tho following cnti-
tied cases, l will soil, on salcsday in
JANUARY NEXT, to tho highest bid
dor, in front of Walhalla Court House, at
public outory, during Tho legal hours of
sale, tho following described real estate,
to-wit:
Robert A. Thompson, as Administrator,
with tho Will annexed of tho estate of
James Neal, deceased, Plaintiff,
against ,.#<.l Ia. 4.
Cynthia A. Morgan, ct al, Defendants.
ALL that picco, parcel or TRACT OF,
LAND, situate in Oconea county, in tho
State aforesaid, on both sides of Crooked
creek, waters Of Little River Of Keowee
River, containing TWO HUNDRED AND
SEVENTY ACRES, moro or less, and
adjoining lands of James T.. Boyd, James
r. Reid and others.
TERMS OF SALE--Onc-third cash and
balance Oh q credit of ono year, to BIO
secured by q bond of the purchaser and
mortgage of the promises. Purchaser to
pay extra for papers.
Mrs. Lau a Dodd,
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25

When Baby was sick, we gave her Castoria.
When abe was o Child, she cried for Castoria.
When she becar.o Miss, she chung to Castoria.
When che had Children, she gave them Castoria.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25

No graduate Of Vassar College
has ever been divorced from her hus-
band. Such is the statement of a
mar who married n of them, and
who declares hat the young ladies'
who have been educated at tho col
lege are the best cooks in the world.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25
Mrs. Lau q Dodd,
Thomas l.. Dodd, OF al.

ALL that piece, parcel, plantation or
TRACT OF LAND, lying and being in
the County and State aforesaid, adjoining
lands of Anderson I~vester, j.. G. Won
Lobe, Mrs. Margaret j.. Gibson, VIM.
VALID and others, OF waters of Seneca
River, known as Lot No. ID of tho Ger
man Settlement Society lands, containing
one hundred md forty-threo acres, more
Or less. pill
TERMS OF SALE-One-third of the
purchase of money in cash on day of
sale, and the balance in two equal annual
installments, OH a credit of ono and two
years respectively, secured by q bond of
the purchaser and mortgage of the pre-
misses. Purchaser to pay extra for tho
papers.
In case of w. J.. Stribling, ct al,
against :,
Andrew Dickson, OF al.
ALL that tract of land Oh Cane Creek,
two miles North of Walhalla, S. c., adj
joining lands of w. j. Neville, w. J..
Suttles, w. Il. B%lanchct, --- Bull
winkle and others, containing ONE HUN
DRIED AND FORTY ACRES, more OF
less.
This is n fine corn and cotton farm,
good dwelling and othor improvements.
Some one will got n bargain in this place.
TERMS OF SALE-One-third cash;
balance on II and two years, secured by
note and mortgage. Purchaser to pay
extra for papers.
RICHARD LEWIS,
Master.
December II, 1890. 40.4t
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1890-12-25

Chrlstmas-.-The OLD end !ae New Year
.-POlyteohnfo Schools for the Young
.-Aing Cotton and the Men who
Rule ita--Oranges and Wheat In the
Piedmont Belt.-.POtatoes and SGow
StOrms---Text Books and Old Field
IS Schools
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

Some years ago we were very much
subject to severe spells OF cholera morbus;
and now when We feel any OF the symp-
tomsihat usually precede that ailment,
such rs sirkusss at the stomach ,dlarrhUea.
etc, we become scary. We have found
Cbaniberlaiu's Remedy The very thing ~
straighten one out In such cases, and q.
ways keep Il abont. II ls'somcwhat simi-
lar 10 the usual cholera cures, but seems to
contain ingredients that rcnder Il more
pleasant 10 take, and that do their work
more quickly. Sheriff Deyereux tells M
that be is subject IN cholera morbus, and
recently felt spell coming on. when he
obtained bottle 4 Chamberlain's Collie,
Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy, and two
doses made him all right. We arc not
writing this for pay testimonial, but 10
let our readers know what Is rood
thing 70 keep handy In the house. Troy
CKan) Chief For sale by Fred d. Felt,
Druggist.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
MEDINA.


A disgraceful row occurred between-two
employees OF the new railroad on Wedpes-
day Some dispute arose between them
and they fought on our principal street
such occurrences is disgrace to ou,
usually quiet village. Where, oh where
were our town officials ?. There will
be meeting at the court house in Medina
on Thursday, September 18th. d, 10 a. m
ior the purpose Of organizing a County
Alliance. The basis of representation
VIII be one delegate for every ten mem.
bers In subordinate Alliances, Let every
Alliance in the county be fully represen.
ted... The contract for the construction
OF the new school building to be erected
on the Nettleton property on Nortb
Broadway was awarded to Lindsly &
Breidinger Of Fostoria by the village
Board OF Education on last Saturday
Three bids had been submitted, the othe,
TWO being George Grunninger ($s846. .OO)
and Arbar Tibbltts ($s4S5OO). Work il
70 % commenced at once, and the build
ing 70 be completed by Feb. 1, 1901, at
cost OF $76S7. 7.10. Medina carried ava,
several big sized burels at the McKinle,
convention in Massillon. The Band, up.
aner the leadership Of the drum major in
bis stunning and picturesque new uni.
form' made an impression that was only
surpassed BY the effect Of Its fine playing
on the large crowd. The Quartet boyl
also come In for their full share Of honors
and every body went wild over them IN
the hall.-Gazette.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
THE TEVs
a, Gathered hr Our ss.sisl lGsrlsliahisiii,
ALI About the Happenings and Special
Events in their Immediate Vicinity.
PENFIRLD.

Sept. 1, '9O
Mrs. @. II. Sheldon was in town 10 at
tend the Hayes family reunion, and made
some calls on her numerous Penfield
friends. ~
Mrs Dayton, Of CLEVELAND, is visiting at
her daughters, Mrs. II. Taylor. Il
Miss Lora Andrews has returned from
an extended visit In Cleveland, with her
friend, Mrs. VIII Thorpe. They 'camped
at Lakeside nearly week. Ask them II
II is "will powcr' that r, sisls sea sickness.
Frank Scoville fell from a tree and In
jured himself quite badly. His sister
Mrs, r. Hastings, Of Lorain is home help
ing take care Of HIM.
Miss Sarah Reynouard took her sister,
Miss Weltha, to the invalids' home in
Cleveland last week, where the latter will
make her future home
Died. Aug. 22nd 90, Of Cholera In
fantum, little Lucille Starr. only child OF
Mr.. and Mrs J. M. Starr. We extend our
sympathies to the bereayed parents.
Another sad death, victim Of that
dreaded consumption. Aug. 30, Mrs.
Grant Bunt, departed this life, aged 20
years. Taken away in the prime Of life.
yet II Is a warning for us all to be ready
for we know not the day OF the hour
when we too shall be called away. Our
sympathies 70 out toward the sorrowing
young husband, and may be seek comfort
from the Father above, who alone can
give II. ri l saad
Mr.. Bella Andrews died ct his home, an
honored and esteemed citizen Of CISCO,
Henry Co., Ill, on Monday Aug. IL. He
was resident Of Penheld in his younger
days and no doubt many Of our people
remember him. Mr.. Andrews was born
At Meriden, Conn, July IS, 1880. He was
a graduate Of Kenyon College, O., and q
tsaeher for many years in the State Re
form School Of Conn. In June 1862 he
married Miss Lucinda Merriam and In
1874 he moved 10 CISCO, where he las
since lived. He leaves wife and FIVE
children TO mourn their loss. His only
brother w. B. Andrews was with him
when he died. also his eldest daughter,
Mrs. Newman Of Oakland Nd
Two weddings In one week are no CON-
mon occurance in our little burg, but so II
happened this week.
Miss Ella Dague and Mr., Grant Hull
were united in marriage by ESQ. Krebs,
Aug. %, 90.
At the residence OF the brides parents,
Mr.. ahd Mrs S. Long, on Saturday even
ing Aug. Both, '9O., Miss Nora Long and
Mr.. orrin Howk were married by Rev.
Wall of Wellington, amidst large CON-
pany oi friends and congratulations. We
wish them long and happy life. Doc.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
WELLINGTON OHIO WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1891
his Theological studies.

his Theological studies.
Master Arthur Barder has been spend.
ing hia vacation at his uncle DR.. Thomas
He returned to his home in Akron on
Monday with his sister Evelyn, who spent
Sunday here in town.
Mr.. Rpel Lashells from Crestline. and
his daughter visited Mrs EIwood last
week. e8t
Perkins Clark from Elyria, Visited
friends here, while taking in the fair las
week.
M. y. bmlth, Susie Fenwick and per.
haps some whose names have not heard
attended the Teachers Institute in Elyria
last week. 5
ChLrles Burrel aud wife, from OIeve
land, are visiting at his fathers
Miss Miller, from Cleveland, is visiting
at the y, E. Parsonage.
Several went from here on Thursday, e
Chippewa to attend the Hauik reunion
itwasa lovely day and with both mud
and dust absent. The drive was delight
fui, This was one Of the pleasantest re
unions That has been held this summer.
N. D. Smith aud his sister Minnie
visited IN Euclid and Oollamer. last Sun
day, Minnie remaining for q few days.
Rev. Frank Buckner and wife. froa
Leroy visited Miss Nellie Short, while at
tending the Murray Association.
Mr.. Jones is still very low.
Miss Hattie Fenwick commences her
school 10 Brighton this week Tuesday.
Box Social at Mrs. Meachum's on Tues
day evening.
Geo, Holland and wife, spent Sunday
Path 10 Wellington visiting with DR.
Elder and his wife from Terre Haute,
they attended the reception for him at
Truman Bakers.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
ROCHESTER,.

Aug. 81, 90.
Solomon Ransford, Of Cleveland, is call
ing on friends In this section. t-f
Bert Bracy has gone to Iowa, to better
his condition. r..Lrft q.
Will Hastings has returned TO La
Grange, his home. I ''N y
Miss Ella Syiwes, Of Townsend, IS visit
ing with the family Of D. Wanger on
Butler road. mi f7t Nn, 85as,s \,
Earl Ketchem and wife are "doing''
Michigan. ttisi TOY itlW sas.mss
Mr.. George Mason, vile and child are
the guests Of Peter Dagnan, Jr. stqmalA
Benjamin Rose Esq. and several other
old veterans were in attendance on the
reunions Of their old regiment. The boys
all enjoyed the gathering. 3, !, 49,, ~,
Darwin Stockings wind min was blown
down by severe storm last Saturday
damaging him over one hundred dollars,
Saturday p. m. while returning from the
fair and being engaged In a race on The
road, Mr.. Philo MSnns horse stumbled
and fell upon him seyerly injuring bis
health. r.l...,f
A number CT changes in farm tenants
will take place next spring In this section
Fnir weeks IN New London and Well
ington, deaden trade In the neighboring
cities. Still Rochester flourishes with a
great big r.
Mrs. Viola Thomas Is recovering from
her very severe sickness and her many
friends rejoice.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
PITrsrIELD.

fiie Sept. 1, 80. Il
In your last Issue there Is paragraph
stating that -the Pith6eld Mutual Fire
Insurance Company will have some losses
70 adjust and pay this year" Your para
erapher should be sure Of his position be-
fore he writes Ihave lived In Pittsheld
a number Of years and know Of no such
company, and do not believe 10 has any or.
istence. There Is an Association which
has been in existence for o anunber Of
years, and has hitherto adjusted and paid
any Losses lie members have sustained
without any outside help. and hopes to do
80 10 The future. The recent loss north Of
center is not the heaviest In proportion TO
membership and resources. To bs sure,
we have not had syery extensive acquaInt.
ance with asseesmenis. Our 6rsi, which
was levied in December, 1879, was n of /
per cent On che amount at risk, which
was collected and paid In thirty days from
the time Of the loss requiring II. Our
next which b now In course Of collection,
required . levy Of is Of I per cent--was
levied In August, 1890, nearly eleven years
after the hrst. There have been some
small losses which have been met by the
contingent fund, as h was not otherwise
nccdod. The amount III onsf nor thousand
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
Washington Letter.
From our Regular Correspondent. 4

| ~"~AeAoA NehOopOhioubsl
WASHINGTON, D. O., Aug. 20, 1890.
The President has returned TO the White
House grestly refreshed by his weeks
holiday at the seashore, and pitched into
the pile Of work that accumulated during
his absence. He Is greately pleased that
his advice was taken by the Republican
Senators, and that his political family Is
again united.
It Is understood that the conference
committee is making rapid progress with
the River and HarbOr bill, and that its re-
port may be looked for pext week.
Senator Plumb's resolution to stop the
sale Of intoxicating liquors In the Senate
restaurant, after being burdened with
several ridiculous amendments, and after
debate which was equally ridiculous,
has been referred 10 the committee ON
Rules, which has control Of the matter.
The Senate will begin voting on the
tariff bill and the amendments On Sept, 8.
1t will probably be several days llater be-
fore the bill is finally disposed Of. The
debate on this bill has already been longer
than that on any similar measure In the
history OF the Senate, 1t Is expected that
adjournment will take place during the
first week In October.
twill not be surprising II the President
calls an extra session Of Congress, to meet
Immediately after the November election
Such course is considered necessary by
great many Republican Senators and
members, who foresee the trouble there
will be in passing the Election bill, the
apportionment bill, and the regular ap-
preparation bills at the short session, and
who recognize the value of the three
weeks which an extra session might make
use OF before the time for the regular
session to meet In December. q IT
II is generally believed by Republican
Senators,that the first business of the SEN
ate, when II meets after adjourniug,
whether In extraor regular session, will
be to change the Rules. OF course, no
one expects that 1t will adopt rules re-
gardlng debate as stringent as those used
In the House; but II is practically certain
that the majority will be given the power
toend the debate after II has gone on Tor
reasonable time, II is deeply regretted
by most Of the Republican Senators that
Il was not done at the beginning Of the
present session. ~sHl tati rs
Republicans bave excellent grounds for
asking the people Of the country TO con.
tlnue them In control Of the House Of
Representatives. See the important
measures which the House has passed Of
this session; the tariff bill, the silver bill,
the Federal election bill, the National
bankruptcy bill, the bill RELIEVING the
Supreme Court, the bill admitting four
new states, the original package bill, the
meat inspection bill, the Agricultural re.
lief bill, the bill against adnlterusted fa.d,
the antitrust bill, The public lands bill,
and hundreds Of minor bills. AS sOon M
the Republicans obtained control of the
House the prosperity OF ths country
began 10 increase, and 80 II y Ill cuDtiuue
10 do as loug as they retain thai control
These are iacts that should not be for.
gotten.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
SULLIVAN.

T. ~~@N~
~, Sept. 2, 80.
Bfia Ills Chamberlain is visiting
frieuas in Oberlin.
.. ", Goats has placed a new board
walk 4 xohi Of bis hotel, which adds
very much 70 the appearance Of the place.
VITO win be the nexts
The base ball boys came out on Satur-
day resplendent in new uniforms.
For some reason the home ball club
failed 70 put In an appearance for the
promised game on last Saturday.
Work has been pushed very rapidly on
this branch Of the B. q o. railroad. The
grading Is nearly all done In the east part
OF this township and the fencing gang are
already at work.
DR.. Grrgg audiwife are visiting friends
In southern Ohio.
Q. b. Ingraham and wife, Mrs. Nettie
DeMoss and Mrs. Cynthia Chapman are
at the Detroit exposition.
Quite number Of Sulliyanites are at
tending the fair at Ashland this week.
They will not be obliged to dink hop tea,
as they were while attending the fair at
tho Cheese City. for In Ashland they can
surely get anything they want To drink.
On last Friday the cry Of fire again sent
a thrill Of alarm and excitement through
the community. This time 1t was the
barn belonging to the Hershey property.
Henry Hull, a renter, is living on The farm
and was doing his threshing at the lime.
A spark from the steamer caused the fire
Building insured
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
HUNTINGDON.

s Sept. l, 90.
A good many Of our people attended the
meeting Of the Murray Association all
through. The childrens Friday evening
was very Interesting, the peices were ell
nice and well spoken, some Of the speak
efs from abroad were quite on addition.
Our people liked the sermon Saturday, p.
m. by Rev. Frank Buckner very much.
Elder Myers viii soon leavs to finish
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
OBERLIN.

Inc College authorities are anxiously
waiting for the decision from Presiden,
Gates. .... The reunion Of the 7th O. "
L. now being held at Putin-Bay will be
shadowed by the death of their Secretary
ID. b. Lawrence, which occurred in Cleye.
land on Tuesday. !. I. 4. 1t must be fun for
boys to roll big stone around nights but
the stone placed in the driveway 10
Favers livery barn on Monday night
might have been the occasion Of serious
damage The colored people win
hold camp-meeting in FowIer's grove
near Grafton. beginning Friday, septem.
Der 9th, 1890, and continuing ten days.
Prominent preachers, including lady
preacher, jubilee troupe and a pianist
are among the attraction announced q
News. ~ '-- -
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03
what it does.

Hoods Sarsapalilla
l. Punfies the blood.
2. Creates an appetite. ~
0. Strengthens the nerves.
4 Makes the weak strong.
0. 0vercomes that tired feeling.
Q. Cures 6croiula, salt rheum. etc.
Z. Invigofates the kidneys and lIyer.
y. Relieves headache, indigestion IL
'psia. o
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

Some years ago Ayers Cherry Pector.
al cured me Of asthma after the best med
ical skill had failed TO give me relief A
few weeks since, being again troubled
Win the disease, was promptly relieved
BY the same remedy."-F. 8. Hassler, Ed
iior Argus, Table Rock, Nebr.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

Sufferers from indigestion, loss Of ap-
petite, liver or kidney complaints, rheu-
matlsm or neuralgia, would do well TO
give Ayers Sarsaparilla strial. Fora
such disorders, no medicine Is SO aifecl-
I've ~ this, When faithfully and persever-
ingly ps1a, 80 Isli sst gsutt
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

Nobody can have dyspepsia IL they take
Simmons Liver Regulator.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

NOBODY n~cd snfer ircm lanruor ana
~ 'neh''ly II thy take Simmons Livcr
Rr2uin'f.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

years, was $4.50-less than half the rate
OF stock companies. The next term Of
five years the cost OF insurance was lust
W per thousand dollars, which any one
acquainted with such matters will admit
was an exceptionally low rate, but which
the membership can stand II those who
stand and look on can. The animus of the
paragrapher is not very clear to my mind
but that is, perhaps, to be attributed to my
dullness of comprehension. However,
speaking for myself, and, think, for some
OF my fellow-members, we only ask that
our business be let alone by all those who
are not asked to interfere. When their
advice is needed II will be called for II we
only know where to apply. R. MILLS
Sept. 2, 90.
Mrs. Edna Mills from Lorain has been
visiting friends In town, but returned
home yesterday.
Mrs. A. Root has gone to Lorain on
visit
Steve Wait has bought the house and lot
west OF the center, Of Harry Rogers, and
expects to moYe in soon.
The family Of Harry Rogers left for
Flndlay yesterday,
Mrs, II. Gibbins, Sr., is rapidly improy-
ing
Mrs, s. Young is just able to get out on
the porch, so it is 10 be hoped she will
soon be better.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. Rogers arrived home
from Va. last week very much improved
by the trip.
Mrs. Wyman who has been rustcating
In town for some weeks past has returned
to her home In Cleveland. M.
The enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 188?-1899, 1890-09-03

Nobody will suffer from liver disease II
they take Simmons Liver Regulator.