, 1890-05-07

and America nave Deen giving a BOou
deal Of attention to the conformation and
measurement of the human head or era.
niometry, as they call it
The studies of DR.. Frederick Peterson,
the insanity expert and specialist in nerv-
Gus diseases, Of New York, have been
equally extensive. Their conclusions have
been reached by accurate measurements
and not by feeling bumps. DIR. Peterson
said 10 me;
THE FRONTAL LoBEs.
"In men noted for great attachments
and intellectual capacity all the diane
tiers and arcs Of the skull are far above
the normal averages. In other words,
their heads are larger. In many criminals
the diameters and arcs are below the nor
NAL average. and there is also great alb
normaiity in shape, especially in heredi-
tary criminals. One side Of the head may
be larSrr than the other, the forehead
may retreat. or there NAV be some other
lack Of symmetry and proportion. Often
the teeth. Jaws and ears are deformed.
All the higher mental faculties are loca-
ted in the frontal lobes Of the brain, and
these naturally nave a direct proportion
to the length and breadth OF the fore
head. Just bach Of this region are the
muscular centers and the centers for cuta-
neous sensation.
Directly behind the ears and a little
above are the centers for remembering
that which Is heard, and here are un-
doubtedly located some of the muscular
faculties, for instance, the wonderful
memory of musical compositions, such
as was possessed by blind Tom" The
memory of everything seen is stored
away in the posterior lobes of the brain:
therefore people Of great perceptive
power and who remember well all their
perceptions will be found to nave a large
development on the pack of the head.
1t has been noted that in people born
blind this part Of the head is smaller
than it should be. In contradistinction
to quack p~hrenology the perceptive
power is located here in place of Calls
philoprogeDitiveness and bump of anna
tiveness. Gall located the perceptive
power Immediately over the eye, behind
which is a cavity in the bone containing
no brain.
The average circumference OF an
adult mans skull is 20I inches and Of
an adult woman's 1885, inches. The aver
age length Of the arc from the roof OF
the nose over the top Of the head TO the
most prominent point on the back Of the
head is in man lei inches and in the wo-
man l2t. The average length OF the arc
from one ear to the other over the high
est part of the head is in a man 123
inches and in a woman 12t. The aver
age antero-posterior diameter, that is
from the middle Of the forehead in a
straight line to the hindmost part of the
head, is in a man Z inches and in a wo-
man q. The average diameter through
the widest part of a mans head, from
side to side in a straight line, is 81 inches,
and Of a woman's cad 81 inches. These
are only a few OF the more important
measurements taken.
Il never made less than seventee
measurements and three drawings of
each head. But in the most careful
studies sometimes from 80 to 100 sepa-
rate arcs and diameters are measured.
1t will be seen that the head OF n woman
is on an average smaller than that Of a
man, just as her brain weighs several
unc less. While it may be taken as a
general rule that a head Of large dimen.
sions is associated with unusual capa
city in some one or other direction, it is,
Of course, not always the case. One can
easily imagine, or may even have met
with persons with large heads who
seemed to enjoy considerable emancipa.
ton from the bonds of intellect; and one
can readily conceive of much of their
N--Ha HvVl=..--a K.E-- ..-1.-al - -.-.-
ordinary tissues or substances required
70 prevent the formation Of a vacuum
PACKING OF THE BRAIN.
The skull bones may be twice as
thick as usual, or there may be an un-
usual amount Of huid in the cavities OF
The brain and its coverings. Again, a
p=rsou Tith 4 rather small heady may
have more thinking centers to the cubic
tch Of brain than the other; less fat, less
water, less packing of every kind, AS in
The case Of Gambetta, whose brain was
Tzther small. The word packing is an
excellent one to use in this connection,
for 1t describes he condition perfectly.
Just as delicate china or glass vessels are
packed away in ~sawdust, hay, etc, for
shipping, so the fragile cells containing
memories and thoughts are packed away
in an enormous quantity OF substance,
known as connective tissue, which diff
fers relatively little from hay and saw
dust in structure as seen under the mi
croscope, and which serves an equally
efficient purpose. Hence an idiot is oc-
~casionally, though indeed rarely, seen
with an unusually large head; but in the
packing Of his Uranium valuable struct-
ures were left out by the thoughtless
workmen, and only the hay and sawdust
slowed away.
Up to the & of 25 the development
OF a mans skull depends on his educa-
ton, and, in fact, his entire environment
Subsequently the mind may develop a
great deal, but the skull will not. From
the age Of 25 the skull retains the same
proportion and the same dimensions, and
it is on this account that certain measure
ments Of the head become useful as a
means Of Identification of adults. They
may change their appearance in many
respects, but INT voluntarily alter the
shapes Of their heads. NJ. Bertillon has
Incorporated, therefore, certain skull di-
ameters in his system of Identification Of
criminals, now much employed in
France, but as yet little in this country ("
New York Herald.
Epoch.
The transition from long, lingering and
painful sickness to robust health marks
M argal - l. EE