Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1890-03-18
BRAziL's CHIEF PRODUCT.

fee Plant South OF tho Amazon.
rs sooE as the Brazilian revolution
brohss out the coffee markets OF New
York, Baltimore, Havre and London
were greatly agitated. Nothing YVES
moro natural, since it is known that
Brazil alono produces more than half
the coffee crop in the world. 1t has been
said also, wrongly or rightly, that the
emancipation of the slaves, upon whom
coffee cultivation mainly depended, had
great deal to do with the revolution
itself. 1t appears, fortunately, that
neither the emancipation nor the revo-
luton will exercise any harmful infiu-
ence upon the production of the great
staple of Brazil.
Although the country was discovered
3s9 years ago, on April %, f5OO, by the
bral, more than 200 years elapsed before
coffee was known in Brazil. The first
trees were imported from Cayenne to
Para, in 1877, by Major Palheta, who re-
celved them as a present from Mrs.
Claude d'Orviliers, of the French colony
in Guiana. Export duties prevented,
however, extensive cultivation Of the
tree until the year 1851, when the ex-
port duties were abolished. At the
same time Chancellor CASTILLO Branco
brought TO Rio Janeiro some coffee
trees, which furnished the seed for
the Fazendas, or plantations Of
Rezende and Sac Gonzalo, whence
the cultivation spread in most districts
of the province of Rio Janeiro, and after
ward in the provinces of Sac Paulo and
Minas Geraes. In ITO coffee was i'm
ported in the Maranhao, and the first
trees in the province of Bahia grew
from seed offered by the Capuchin friars
of Rio to a planter of Villa Vicosca. The
great national product was created, and
statistics have repeatedly furnished the
figures attained in its further develop
ment. The number of coffee bags,
something like six millions and half
yearly, is about the same as that of the
cotton bales produced in the United
States. One hundred and twenty-eight
years Of the persistent work of Brazil
has sufticed to bring about such a SPLEEN
did result, which can not be altered by
political disturbances to any appreciable
extent. That Is made evident by a re-
view OF the attention and great care
necessary for coffee cultivation; and If
this has been successful and progressive
up to tho present time, it has been due
evidently to individual qualities which
Brazilians are not likely to lose in the
future The cultivation Of coffee is not
an easy matter. The soil is soon worn
out and requires continuous attention in
order to maintain it in good condition,
1nasmuch as fertilizers are not as vet in
use and the only kind of manure or fer
tiliZing agent Is found in the leaves of
the tree.
Another difficulty Is that the plant
begins to produce beans only when it is
two or three years old. From the sixth
year the crop keeps on steadily enlarg-
ing, until the sixteenth year. From
that time until it attains it's twenty
fifth year the crop is good and bad al
ternately. Between tho twenty-ffth
and thirty-ffth year beans can be gath
cred only at Intervals varying from two
to three years; after the thirty-ffth
year a crop is given occasionally, but
only by trees planted in first-class
ground. Coffee is cultivated with profit
on hillsides, looking toward tho rising
sun, which are protected against the
cold southern winds of that austral coun-
try. Such grounds are to be found all
O'Oh oihHAl, anu explains now COtoo
cultivation extends all over the new
great American republic, from the ANA
zon down to tho southern boundary OF
the province of Sac Paulo, though the
production is the most considerable in
tho provinces Of Rio Janeiro, Minas
Gcrnos and Sac Paulo.-N. Y. Tribune.
1t Is reported that our Government
Is about to abandon the Weather Bureau
and substitute the "Old Farmers Alma
nae" Tho latter predicts the weather
year ahead, and makes no more mis-
takes than the Weather Bureau, besides
telling us on what day of the month
Fourth of July occurs and tho exact
number of days in February.-Norris.
town Herald.
Lack Of Stimulus.-Mr Bouttown-
II thought you said your law partner,
Mr. Silvertongue, was such an eloquent
plcader. stepped into the courtroom