Sacramento daily record-union., 1890-07-19
,ed, whatever i. be, must be renewed wher

SACRAMl
bed, whatever it be, must be renewed whel
soiled.
There is no one thing which conduce
more to cleanliness and healthfulness il
poultry breeding than q liberal and judici
GUS application of whitewash on the il
and outside of the poultry house.
Farmers, invest few dollars in pure
bred fowls for the benefit of you
boys if they have fancy in that dIrec
ton. A boy needs something that he car
call his own. Don't compel your son to
lead an altogether humdrum life. You
were once boy yourself-Rurat CalJor.
nidn.
THINNING FRUIT.
A gardener asks for some ruling in thin.
ming fruit for the distance at which the
fruit should be allowed to remain. Ans
The distances will vary with the size oi
varieties, and with the intended uses Of
the crops; but as general or approx
mate rule, large peaches should be four OF
five inches apart on the bearing branches,
and small or early ones three or four
inches; pears should be at quite as great
distances, with more variation for differ
ences in size, for while such diminutive
pears as the Summer Doyenne need not be
more than two or three inches apart, the
Angouleme should be at least six inches.
Plums may be rather less than peaches,
but the necessity of thinning is even
more urgent, to save from rotting. Any
orchardist may have observed the inn
proved qualities, as well as size, in apples
with moderate crop, and should thin ac-
cordingly. 1t should not be forgotten or
overlooked that fruit properly thinned is
so much improved in quality. as well as
size, that no loss in the magnitude of the
crop occurs, and positive gain in quality
and price is secured by thinning Cult
vdtor and Country Gentleman.
HOW TO BEGIN.
Frequently it is asked by those who
contemplate improving their poultry,
which is the most profitable to PURCHASE,
eggs or fowls? For beginners and the in
experienced it is pretty safe proposition
to say fowls, because in Matching out the
eggs there are risks; the hen is liable to
leave her nest or break eggs the shells
may be too hard and firm-the purchaser
forgetting to sprinkle them at the proper
time-and some of the chickens are una
bic to come out of the shell. OF course,
often the breeder is to blame. The fol-
lowing, from the american Aoricultmist,
contains some good points
ut is. more profitable to purchase fowls
than eggs. This is simple matter of fig
uring. If a dozen choice eggs are pro-
cured, at cost say of S., year will
elapse before any profit can be gained
from the three or four pullets that may
probably be Matched from them. If trio
of birds are purchased, at cost say of $40,
now, number of eggs will be procured
before the sitting time arrives, and then
each hen may bring out brood of six or
ten chicks. After these are raised more
eggs will be laid, and if good care is given
there may be on the whole twenty chick
ens-ten pullets and ten cockerels-as the
product of this trio, within the same time
that it would have taken from the dozen
eggs first mentioned to produce three or
four pullets. This is an obvioms difference
in favor of beginning with birds, both as
to profit and time"
FEATHER EATING.
This annoying and unnatural practice
is another habit formed under conine-
ment of the fowls, and seems to arise from
a want of grass and exercise. 1t is gen.
orally prevented by good care and giving
grain, meat, shells, bone and vegetables in
variety. The habit may be checked by
giving finely cut well-cured rowen hay,
and also by keeping constantly before
them small bundle of corn fodder, re-
newing as often as the tender leaves are
stripped from the stalks. Another and
more severe remedy, as last resort, is to
pare down the sharp edges of the beak of
the offender, SO it cannot hold q feather to
pluck it. We learn that sort of bit has
been invented to keep slightly open the
beak, but have not tried its merits.
BRooDY HENS
What to do with them puzzles not only
the beginner, but nearly all fanciers and
poultry raisers. Probably as good a
method as any to relieve them of their de-
sire TO incubate is to remove them to
large coop or yard where they may have
room to move about, scratch, dust them
selves, etc, but with no place that resem-
bles nest Liberal food and pure water
should not be withheld. As bruody hens
are generally more or less lousy it is a safe
rule to always give them good dusting
with some insect powder when "breaking
up" the fever; and while they are ain
hand' give their shanks and feet good
brushing with sweet oil and earbolic acid
as precaution for possible scaly-leg.-
The California Cdckler.
FARM NOTES
Destroying wormy fruit that drops is a
good thing, but it is only part of the war
fare that must be waged against insect
enemies.
Butter that is worked too much has the
grain broken down and becomes grease
Tons of butter are spoiled by working ii
to death.
/ Grass chopped fne especially clover
and sprinkled with bran, is the best and
cheapest food for hens in confinement at
this season.
AT this season, when the weather is very
warm, one of the best methods of preserv.
ing manure is to throw the soap-suds over
the heap on wash-days.
The increased production of corn, wheat
corn and oats in the Southern States, as
compared with production ten years ago
is over 220,000,000 bushels.
Turnips can be grown cheaply, and it is
turnips that is the mainstav of the
English hockmaster. Why can't the
American fioekmaster make them his re-
lance?
When the raspberry crop has been har.
vested give the canes an application ol
manure or fertilizer, and cultivate well
Next years crop depends on this year,
cultivation and treatment.
Mustard yields crop OF about twenty
five bushels to the acre, which is worth
from 81 to So. Two quarts of seed to the
acre is the quantity sowed. We do no
know as to the certainty of the crop.
The ram should have good form ant
good fleece, even if he is not as large a.
one might wish. In other words, small
ram of good form and fleece is better thar