Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1890-08-27
Transatlantic Steamship Lines

L
Tho only purely AnaFican linz that sails
70 Great British "a from Philadelphia, but.
sineularly enough ,eyery ship Is named after
SONS Eug!ish celebrity, such as the Lord
Gough. Lord Clyde, British Prince, &c.
Tois Ia a slow linz, and carries but few fret
class passengers
TIE Inman line, with its magnificent ships,
while csteneibis British line, and flying
the Bcilisb flag, is in reality an American
inetltutou The I1man was not considered
first oiasa unti! American capital enabled it
10 build its City of Chester, City OF Berlin,
CITY Of Chicago, City Of New Yogk, and
City OF Paris. THE is now the record break
iug !iue, ard its ships are Grst class and
luxurious.
This Cuuard line is purely Engish con-
corn. They started by giving tits-0!as5 SC
commoGat;ous to ocean travellers, and have
kcps up their reputation siocs. They were
nsary cuts;rpped by more youthful rivals,
/ bus ,he old foges 6isd, aad goCcger blood
cgms IN, and hence :hey have the Etrnria,
Umbria, and Apraus. The Russia. Scyt
Bothu.a, Galiia, and SerYs are behird the
times now, and will soon be rolegatad to
ports other than New York.
After the collapse of the Collins tho White
| Star was the frsr dangerous competitor 10
/ the CunaTd Thei. chip are megnifcently
| butt in THAR OWE yards at Belfast, Irelsnd.
As fast SO Que ship gets to be little out OF
| order Bhs ia sent 10 other waters. and her
PLACE taken By newer ship Thus they
have iost the Oceanic, Belgic, Gaelic, aud
Baltic, whil6 they Dow have the Brl;annic,
Garmaaio, Atriatic, Celtic, Teutonic, and
! MpjeeNc
ms Guion had been jogging along with ita
old Montaps, Nevada and Wyoming, when
il suddenly put in the Arizona, and followed
il I'D With tho Alaska, both OF which proved
70 bs world-beete:s. Toe Guions for some
reason refused TO take the Oregon. which
was built for then. ard size was sold to the
CQoard Company and lost shortly after ward
lust outside of New York harbor.
TIE pa.etial City Of Rome is another yes
SO! that was refused by the parties she was
tuilt for, the Irpan Company. She was
Bought by the Anchor line, which owns a
large number OF passenger and freight steam
ers.
The National line does very little first
class passenger business. Their ships carry
large numbers of engrants spd immense
cargoes, but ere very slow.
TIE Allan line is an important liue, but
does lis BUSINESS to Europe from Baltimore
aud Canada.
All firat-cless Cunard steamers end their
names with the letters sic !" all White Star
ships with sic )" ell Allan vessels with Ian y
all Inman boats are Getty Of" all Guton
steamers are named after American terri
tories ell State line ships ere named after
American States ell National line boats are
named after foreign countries.
Tho nj ,aut Do h1r 4 XVII liner
No!mannia is not quite as big as the twin.
sorow boats Of the White Star aud Inman
Ines but her expense account, owing to tbs
greatey length OF her voyage, ia Just as form
liable. The cost of running her from hsr
dock in Hoboker to Hamburg is about the
same as the oost of running the Citg Of Paris
from New York to Liverpool.
Whsn the Ncrmaunis starte on an east
ward voyage she carries nearly 600 tons of
coal costing about So 80 4 ton. TIE stokars
daily shovel into her roaring furnaces be-
tween 250 and 800 tons. The expenditure
for coal RUGS up to S1.000s dag, CT nearly
IS 900 for tina voyage. The cost of tue gal
lons and gallons of oil used to keep her
ponderous triple-axpanson engines, her
dynamos, her numerous smaller engines, her
pumps, and so on, running smoothly, is quite
$500 Among The 800 persona who look af-
ter the working OF the rece- aud The COM
fort Of her passengers are the captain, s o.
flee rs, surgeon, 25 engineers 0Dd !nachin.
lists, 2 pursere, boatswaias. % sesmen, la
firemen, So walters snd mattresses, % cooks,
bakers. and assistants, 2 carpenters. bar
Der, end IA skilled musicians. The total
wages of thess for trip of s days is about
50 000 The captains salary varies between
So 600 ard 81 600 year, and depends some
what op the earnings Of the ship, of which
he receives small percentage. This Is the
way the shippers of ell the colossal racing
craft are paid. aud !. Ia not likely that any
OF then ara going to cease racing, or TO be
censuged for it, as IoDg as fsss trip means
money In their pockets and in the Golfers OF
their company. Every hour the captain OF
the City of New York saves means saving
in coal alale of $50 Next iu importance to
the capteln ia the chief engineer. he SUBJ
mits daily reports OF how many tons of coal
he is using, how much indicated horse pow
er he obtains, and the number of revolutions
the ships propellers make miGute. For
his work the chief engineer receives S160 q
mouth end his board, which is equal TO that
OF the cabin passengers. The chief officer
receives $50 month. The food aud drink
Consumed by passengers and crew during a
recent trip of the Normaaria coet about
SIG 000
Frcm the foregoing figures it mag be said
that one trip of the N0Fmannia costs not
less thsn 5000, which does not include
the cost of insurance. She carries in mid
summer sometimes nearly 500 first and
second cabin and about 800 storage voy-
ayers. The average price of first cabin
passage is about $110. and that of second
cabin about 500 The average price OF
steerage accommodations is $22 The re-
ceipts from all classes of passengers Oh a
good midsummer trip are over $4,000.
Usually the Normanoia carries 800 tons oi
freight, which, at $40 ton, amounts to
IS 900. In the dull season the big twin.
screw ships do not make much, but their
receipts throughout the year are large
enough to warrant the declaration that they