davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
school Marna., This Is TuG.

The board of School directors at Cherokee,
Iowa, has inaugerated II reform that has ere.
ate'i sensntinn among the scI,ooI teachers.
The board nnnounces that hereafter every
teacher will be requested to sign contract
agreeing lot 10 get unrrie.l during the school
year, Il has been much troubled over tie
resignation of teachers for mstrimonisl pur.
poses during the past year. and propose.
y sbytsts tAy difacaisy IN ths way,
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Administrator. sale.

Notice is hereby given that on Saturday. the
18th day Of November next. between the hours
Of Ia O'Clock In the forenoon and o'clock in the
Charles a. Ieaf, Il, ceased. nii California Mesa
De'ta Co. Cnlo the personal properly of ,aid
asGfasnt ahn & cn.sns d ~ o.
~ spring pigs; 10 r;ckling 2 n 10 chickc!s srd
mower, plow, q ciiItivAtOrs. 2 h6rr0ws, wag-
oux. hay rake. Hct bsrnesN. Other arm im-
plements and h.,rsebold gods 70 pumerous g
bus els n cats and other articles Will be sld a.
puhic sale 10 the highest and bpst bidder. In ac-
c0rdnnce With an order Of the County Court Of
Dc y C0unly. TeyIns 0t sA1e cash, or thr'o
m0pths credit with approved security. ~ Per
cent intprst. HERMAN y. NxAR. V.
Delta. Oct. %, $780, Surviving Partner.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Colorado Springs, Colo, Noy. Z, ls9t
Mr.. @. b. McGranahan,
Delta. Colo.-My dear Sir:

Colorado Springs, Colo, NOV. Z, 1890.
Mr.. @. b. McGranahan,
Delta. Colony dear Sir:
ceived the boxes of fruit etc.. also the jars,
three or four of which were brokeu in ship.
nient TO me on the day we left Colorado
Springs, and am sorry to say could not
write you before we left. The exhibits which
You sent me added greatly To our cnIlecton
and caused very many fatteriny comments.
The eur was Wis ted by over 20. .O;0 pe pie dur
the time we were on the trip and 1t was uni
versallY conceded to he u Giant Credit 10
Colorado. We distributed oyer three tons
Of printed matter on the trip and am cons
WINGED that our State will reap the reward
Next fall will take a trip through Texas,
La, Miss, Ark. and the east with two or
three cars loaded with Colorado exhibits and
printed matter. Will notify you in ample
time to prepare such an exhibit as will be a
credit TO your section. AT all points we were
highly complimented. Have shipped you
the jars etc. by express to day. Hoping this
will be satisfactory, am in haste,
Yours respectfully,
W.. FOSTER.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

The population al the United States ap.
pean te bs abost 81, ,0O1. 900. Thi. OF course
sivs "a UpI'orunity Of praviny that surt,
Porter y fAks ard that his report Is of no
psustieai value. yet. while theirs were un.
1ssblrdly Naay srrars msde, the evidence
wxald sesn " show that the mistakes were
~ hsbh sidxs sNd the totals could not be lar
QsnnS. 1hs stst.stiesl lore that has been
Ia = shew kcw soen our popuIation wsuId
~ hes(ee1 nilliess h Vt faalt--shs data
Gk 0 snr ~ isvs sLss esvaa w n
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Notice for puplIcat,on.
LAND OFFICE At Mcsraosr. Coz.

LAND OFFICE AT McSrRosE. Com.
Oct 23rd. 1890
Notice is hereby given thar the following
named settler has filed notice Of his intention TO
make ilnal l,rnf IN support Of his c'aiin and
tlat sa'd proof will I've made before Il; w Henry
Co. Judge and rx-officio Clerk Mt Delta. Coio.,
IN IN Dc !, 1890, VIZ: simon Nav, upon hi, y. s
No. 267 Ute Series for the swX ncit wi, seli sell
sea sec q twp. II $ r. .93w. 6r II,
He names the following witnesses to prove his
con,inuoi!s residence upon. and cultivation Of
SUD land. VIZ: Avery Allen, Jacob NJ. Jones.
John 7. hs.bough. j. w. Robertson, ;ll VI Hu.ch-
kiss, Delta Co.. Colo.
w. II. STEELE, Register
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
No,ice for puhlIea,io..
LANp OFFICE AT MoNTRnsR, CoLol
Oct. nth 1880.

LAND OFFICE AT MoNTnnsH, CoIol
Oct. nth 1880.
Notice is lir rehy given that the following named
SETTLER has filed notice Of his Intention tn ma Ike
fh'll proof In support of his claim. md that said
proof Will he made before Arthur II. Brown,
CI.fk ~ district Court at nclfa. Gallo. on Nov.
Ute Ss,ri-J inr the sell neL Sec 9. swiI nw,< and
nH swlt Sec. 10 twp lis. .. 03 ". . r. II.
He names The following witnesses to prove his
continuous re,ideDce upon and cultivation 0f
SAID land. VIZ; Avery Alle.l. .lnl,n Yoder
Henry Priest and ltobest Lewis. all Of Hotclkiss
Delta Co. Colo.
W. II. STEELE, Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

IT is only when the sun of the red hot sum. j.
n'er day is pelting down upon US that we
relish u rain such MS afflicted us last week
On general principles we don't need any
rain in the valleys. The methods # irriga.
tion superseded the divine plan and these
frequent returns to the buck number styles
always produces II feeling that something is
a little wrong.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
W. II. STEELE. Register
Notice for Publication.
LANp OrrlcE AT MoS1ros.

LAND OFFICE AT MoNrRosr. CoIo. [
Oct 9Th, 1890.
Notice IL hereby given that the following.
named settler has t,led notice Of his intention TO
make final proof IN support Of his claim. and
that said pro"f will be made before Register or
kecsivrr o. Montrose. Colo. IN Nov. 18th. 1880.
william r. Ohert d. s. No. 1873 tie Series for the
sw'a See. 27. twp. l5s. r. IS w. 6r. NJ.
He names the following Witnesses to prove his
continiolis re.dcnce upon and cuitivai ION Of
said land. VIZ Ambrose II. Rogers, Thomas
Gu M. Stephen Paily, John A. Curtis all Uf Del
ia, Delta County. Colo.
VIII. STEELE. Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Notice .s. rablls.,i.n.
LAND OFFICE AT MeSrgosE. Cor0., I
Oct IL 1900 /

LANU OFFIcE At NeNTRnsF. COTO.,
Oct. II. 1890.
Notice Is hereby given that the following
named settler has fled notice Of his Intention to
mako nnal proof IN support OF his e'aini. and
that said proof will he made before A. II Brown,
Clerk 0f District Court At Delta, Colo, IN Nov
~. 1890. viz: James 4. Rice u. s. No. S.2 Ute
Series for t.e sli Sell Sec, &c, M neL Sec. sJ,
twp. 10 s.r o2 2wdP. M.
lie names the following witnesses ~ prove his
continuous residence upon and cultivation nf
said land. viz: John N0wiapd. .Iosah s. Bnr,nn
swan Olson, Harry BOpp. al Of Crawford. CGlo.
w. II. STEELE. Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
GENERAL MERCHANDISE.
No uee for rub,,ee.te n,
LAND OFFICE AT MoS1Hosp. CoIo. |
Sept. 10Th. 1890 /

land OFFicR AT MON1HOsp. COTO.l
Sept. 10Th. 1890
Notice Is hereby given that the following
naired settler has filed notice II his intention To
make hiial piooi IN support of his claim. and
clerk nistr'c, Curt vt Delta. Colo. on Nov. II,
1890. VIZ Will!;n NJ. H.iey. u. =. No. s29 Uts
series for he sth 81 See. 10, Del.,n lick, See. Is,
twp. II. 5. r.:2. w.GP. NJ.
lie naires ile following witnesses TO prove his
continuous residence upon aud cultivation ~.
said lald. VIZ: Rohert l.. Love- Enocil G..
Ijnnin, William a. shepherd. Dan Fl NJ. Brock.
all Of Hoichkiss, De,:, County. Colorado.
". II. STEELE Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
BUSINESS LOCALS.
Don't Read This.

UNLESS you want to know that W. @.
Simpson & Son., are selling Hardware,
Qneensware. Stoves, Tinware, Stoneware,
Glassware, Lamp Goo,is, Fine Table and
Pocket Cutlery, Cigars and Tobacco ut prices
that will make your pocketbook laugh.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Notice for PusIics,,en.
LAND OFFICE At Mosrsoxr, 20

LAND UTPfCE At MOSrFONF, 7 'GTl1. [
Sept. q, 1890.
Notice ishcreby given that th-fOllowing named
settler has filed hntice Of his intention To max.
final nronf IN suppori ~ ms claim. and that said
proof will be made before Register or Rerriy-
er NJ Montrosr tpll.. IN Nov ~. IsDO viz: Fer
diuand koe'me D. s. No. 336 Ute 80 ries for the
sea sw% Sec 8. twp II, s.r.9I W, ,6P. 81.
He names the following Witnesses ~ prove hIs
continuous residence upon. and cultivation NJ
said lnnd. viz: II j. necker. JOHN Anyway, Br.hy
Potts, Alrrt y. Goodenuu9h. NIL OF Paori, Delta
County. Colo.
W. II. STEELE. Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Notice for Publication.
LAsD oYrIcr At Mosrnosr. Col,

LAND oyY1cr AT MosTnnsp. CoIo..(
Oct 3rd. is90j
Notice Is hereby given that tile following
named settler has iiled notice af his Intention Ia
make final proof IN support Of his claim. and that
said prOof will be made before George W. Henry
JudI" and ex-Ofllcin Clerk ~ County, Court ai
+. Taleoft. upon her u. S No.2l6 lite Series, for
the lots and 2. Sec. ", and nil. nel1, Sec Is,
twp. 81. II. r. II. n. n. NJ. T.. VI.
He names the following witnesses Ia prove his
continuous Sresidpnce ti,An and cultivation Of
said land. VIZ: Harry V Wilson, inhn 4. vii.
son. John T.. J"hnstii, John J. Marsh, all Of
Delta, Delta Count, Colo.
". II. STEELE. Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Notice. Of P"bIic.tioo.

LAND OFFICE At MuNrRo.F. Com
Oct. 18th, 1900.
Notice is hereby given ihat the following
named seitler has teh notice "f his intention Ia
make final prouf IN support Of his claim. ard
that said proOf will be made before a: W. n, nry
Judge and rx ofIlcio clerk 0f county court III
i,clta. Colo. on Dec; 81. 1870, viz George W.
Harris y. =. No. 5io Ute Series for the seq zee.
10 twp. 81 u. r. II ". N. ". r NJ.
lie names tie following witnesses to prove hrs
continuous rcsidrnrr upon And cii!tiyati n of
said land. viz: Lofeu Y. Wani elntker, I'd ..rd
Z. Ryan. David Allen, Elmer Ruslcr, all Of eta
Eelta Co.. Colo.
". H. STEELE. Register.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Gaie CITY Stone FILTER. !.

Endorsed by Boards OF Health. Sanitary AssocIa-
t"ns. Physicians and scicntis,s M the best siiap.
lest, nnd most petfee: gitar, cooler and purifier
IN Tie world. Removes bacteria and all kind Of
disease germs perfectly. Makes the Eules,
wafer ti'hi can be obtained absolutely pure. bath
chemically and biolosicaiiy. durable. otniucu.
tnl sni easily clenned IA any water.pail or jsr
Filters to 70 gallons day. Price Ato ~.
Dr. II. X. Brnstcd, polia, Colo.
Agent Tor Dslas, Colo.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

Mrs. Hnines hns opened new stock of
groceries and notions in the store.room lately
occupied by w. A. Womnck. All goods
are first.class and the prices are very reason
able.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

The car that left Colorado Springs "Colo.
on wieels' which was noted in our,column>
at that time has returned after very sue
cessful trip through Texas. The following
from MIR. Foster to Mr.. McGranahan by
who's efforts Delta was .p abled TO be repre-.
sented, speaks for itself:
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

Three cars of furniture just received at
Gale Bros. call aud make your selections be.
fore our stock is broken.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

Confectionery, bread. pies. cakes donch.
nuts etc. on sale nt all times ut the Central
House, hrs. Frank Hspworth, Proprietress.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Wanted.

n any way desired. Work guaranteed.
WILSON 4 RHODES
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
School Fixtures,

Desks, maps, charts, globes etc. at
GALE Bros.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
For Sale,

Awell broken saddle horse, four years old
next spring Enquire at this office.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Old Papers.

For sale at this Office at 30 cents per 100
in cash.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Silk Drapery Curtains,

upholstering Goods. Fringes, Tucks,
Gimps, Etc,
at GALE Bros.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

Mrs. Frank Hepworih las assumed the
management of the Central House. where
meals will be served at all hours.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Al a Sacrifice

House and lot on Palmer Street for sale by
BLACHLY 4 BALDWIN.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11

Money to loan, oa ranches, cha,tels or per-
sonal security.
A. R. KING.
The Delta independent., 1890-11-11
Al . Sacrifice

House and lst on Palmer Street for sale by
BLAcnLY & BALDWIN.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10
~a'enh nss

mtions, and "femals weaknesses" follow
and sorely afilict the sufferer.
As an invigorating, restorative tonic,
soothing cordial and bracing n~ervine, foe
debilitated and feeble women generally
DIR. Pierceis Favorite Prescription has no
equal In fact, it IS the only medicine foe
the peculiar weaknesses and ailments incl
dent o females, sold by druggists, under .
positive guarantee from its manufactur.
erx, that it will, in every case, give satisfac-
ton or its price t$1.0) will be promptly
refunded 1t improves digestion, invigor-
ates the system, enriches tie blood, dlspels
aches and pains, produces refreshing Sleep
dispels melancholy and nervousness, and
builds up 10th the desh and strength Of
thoss reduced below . healthy standard
Contains no alcohol to inehriate !; no syrup
or sugar to sour or ferment in the stomach
and cause distress. It is as peculiar in ii
composition as it is marvellous in its reno
dial results Therefore, don't be put Oh
with some worthless compound easily, but
dishonesty, recommended to be Just -
good" that the dealer may make more
PROFIT "Favorite Prescription d incow-
parable. The manufacturery' unprece-
denied offer to guarantee satisfaction IN
every case, or money refunded, ought to
convince every invalid Of this fact
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10
STYLISH HAT

IS un~questionably quite Al essential factor
in the makeup OF q f~ashionably -attired
lady. But hos much moro essential to
good looks, and especially 10 her enjoyment,
is good health, without which she cannot
look well. feel well or enjoy life properly.
Tn trying ordeals which fashionable soci-
ETY. imposes on its devotees are enough to
severely test tho physical strength and en-
durance of tho most robust. Irregular and
late hours, over-rich and indigestiblo food,
Late suppers, the fatigue Of the ballroom,
the bad air Of the iily-ventilated, over
crowded theatre, ara each, in themselves,
sufficient to upset the system and ruin the
health Of the delicate and sensitive. Com
bined, they can hardly fail, if persisted in,
to seriously impair the health OF tho hardi-
est Ladies generally possess less powers Of
endurance than their male consorts, and SO
the sooner snccumb to these deletcrious in
f~iuences. They bScome pale, haggard and
debilitated, and constantly experience a
sense Of lassitude-that stirred feeling" as
50 many express is. The least exertion
fatigues them. Various neuralgia and other
pains harrass and distress the sufferer.
Headache, ~backache, "bcaring-down" SEN
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10

Not cnc physician in q thousand has ever
succeeded in relieving o person suffering
from weak and wasting or cOnsumptiye
kidneys, yet they continue to experiment,
and after the death Of their patient ask
for their fee. The kidney is q delicate
organ, and yet good health in a large meas
ure depends upon its proper action. Let
the kidneys become sore or inactive. and
uric acid is eliminated from the effc;e mat
ter that passes too slowly oft of the sys-
ten. From this cause arises many mystic
rious pains in the back, side, shoulder, Joints
and limbs. A feeling of ennui comes over
the victim. The world seems dark and
gloomy. The nerves become shattered; sui
eide is contemplated, and ones condition is
most pitiable. DIR. Bulls S~arsaparilla con-
tains such herbal juices as weak kidneys de-
mand. II has relieved and cured many cases
that doctors gave upas hopeless. it checks
decay and aids the Kidneys in aperf0rmance
OF their natural function.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10
GENERAL HINTS.

EVERY animal must speak 10, itself.
and only its pedigree IAN speak for it,
offspring.
Tine coming farmer will trust less "a
his eye ard more to foo,-ruies and
pound-weights.
The value Of pedigree is not in its
%v,uching for ancestry. bu. in its vouch
ing for offspring.
The secrets Of large yields always and
everywhere are rich soil, good seed and
thorough tillage.
Ii making men out OF boys and
women out Of girls, consider that the
character of the material has something
to do with bOW to cut to the best al.
vantage.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10
The Registration q: Winnings.

Allow me, Says n contributor to the
Breeders Gazette, to make > suggestion
regarding the registration and grading
| of all kinds of pure-bred stock. Al.
! though only a tradesman till within tho
! last eight years theing ny term Of res.
idcnce in this country, I have always
observed differences ID exist among ami.
mails having by Inheritance the Same
| claim to consideration. FOR myself I
hold that the prize-ring should he y de-
termining agent in the reputation CT an
animal. and that all animals should be
compelled to pass. as ii were, their class
examinations from tbs lowest up. be-
ginning with the county fair. then tho
State or provincial, as the case NAV be.
ending with the United States National
or Dominion Of Canada, as might be.
Thus there would be the primary regis.
tration by inheritance in the first de-.
gree and SO on to the second. third and
fourth degree. the stud or herd book to
record the eXaltatioa of the successful
animal, charging therefor only a
trifing fee. sag n dollar, for making
the entry and placing the same on the
owners certificate OF registration.
l think were such or a similar plan
adopted the inheritance claim would
have to work on its own proper level;
and furthermore in all localities where
settlers and stock were sufficiently nu-
merous l would urge the passage of a
law forbidding an unregistered stallion
to travel for custom. If people will use
a scrub let them have the trouble OF
going to him. Bat to return to h de-
gree system of registration, l hold that
while creating a little soreness in some
places it would put a ban on inferior
stock that would work for good in tho
end.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10
E.KEkPIN

Some Good Advice to Those just Regin-
nS.
One who began bookkeeping with too
many colonies gives the following words
Of caution I o those who are about to
commence bookkeeping:
Begin in a very small way. Hardly
less important is it that you begin in
the right way. Still, if you make some
mistakes at first. it is not nearly so hard
or e. pensivc to get right when you start
slowly.
The reason for starting slowly is just
this: Before you can make bee-kceping
. success you must learn to properly
manage the bees; ami you can learn
as well from n colony as from many,
and with much less time and expense.
Do not think that you can learn all that
is necessary from books and periodicals
on the subject You should learn all
you can in this way. but you will not
know all you have to learn before you
begin keeping bees for yourself. Some
thing will turn up that you never
thought about and If you start ont with
many colonies 1t may cause you to make
some costly experiments and mistakes.
Besides. the best bee-keepers differ
widely Is to methods. and you must de-
side many things by your W expert
ence.
Tho cheapest and most satisfactory
way to start, l think. is to get n or
two three-frame nuclei. with INFESTED
queens These can be had at = reasoh-
able price. Order necessary hives and
oxtures from a supply man: or. if You
are neat and accurate, you can make
most of them yourself. But it is
accessory that every thing should be
accurate. as you will soon find out.
When the bees are received lift them
into hives and build them gradually in
to strong colonies. Beginning in this
way you will have many less disccur-
agements than those who start more
literally. From three-frame nuclei.
purchased early in the season. we have
taken in . favorable season over fifty
pounds Of honey.-Farm, Field and
StOckman.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10

termed ''sand leaves" by the growers
are best, but stems may be used, and
are much cheaper. The shelf over the
smudge-pan should be full Of holes. or
made of lath, in order that the fumes
may rise. A large dry-goods box will
answer the same purpose il it is not de-
sirable to be at the expense of a special
ly-made box, but it should be quito
tight, in order to retain the smoke.
Many plants will not bcar . very
strong fumigating. an example being
tho heliotropes and cinerariss: but if
thosc be sprinkled before fumigating, it
will decrease the danger of their being
injured by the smudge. After . trial
one will readily learn about what guam
tity each plant will stand.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10
IN STOCK.
a Suhject Deserving Of More Attention al
the Hands Of Stockmen.

a Subject Deserving Of More Attention al
the Hands Of Stockmen.
There has been too little attention
paid to the worms that infest our do.
nestle animals. They are known to eX.
list, but their habits and danger seem to
have escaped investigation and notice
by writer's on diseases Of hogs espe.
cially. In my early Investigations OF
diseases of hogs, IA q writer in the
Western Rural. l becams satisfied that
intestinal worms" had more to do with
their health than was generally be-
lieved. In 1851 I published a pamphlet
entitled THE Hog. His Diseases and
Parasites" which gave an accoun OF
my Investigations on hat subject
which was intended as a warning to tho
public, advising tho determination of
intestinal worms. Since that time, and
especially the past two years. there has
been an increasing inquiry for . REM
edy that will destroy worms in hogs.
I have had the best results from giving
a compound that contained enough
tonic Alternative and cathartic with the
vermifuge to o up the digestive or
gans. ~evacuate the bowels. and at tho
same time to be . safe worm destroyer.
The same theory and practice arc APP
plicable to horses and sheep.
l would also caution the readers Of
the Rural against feeding stone coal or
the ashes from it to their hogs. Stone
coal is too hard and ~indigestible. 1t
contains the properties Of coal oil. which
is harmful. Hogs will cat IL for the
sulphur it contains. which, if not mixed
with tho coal, would not be objection
able il given in reasonable quantity.
Coal ashes are rough, gritty and hard,
with no medical virtue. unlike the ashes
from wood or other vegetable matter
which contain anti-acid properties and
assist digestion. 1t is the reverse Of
hcalthful. producing c%ostivencss and
arrangement of the stomach and bow
els. Coal and ashes made from wood,
burned corncobs or any other vegetable
matter are perfectly safe and hcal:hful
to the hog. ! also advise feeding salt
to hogs. The better plan is to mix it
with ashes or air-slacked lime. One
quart of salt to one peck of ashes for
forty or fifty hogs W or three times a
week or the same compound Of salt and
lime.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1890-05-10

Blood diseases ere terrible on account OF
their loathsome nature, and h fact that
they wreck the constitution SO completely
unless tho proper antidote is applied. b. Il.
Il. botanic Blood Balm, is composed of the
tree antidote for blood poison. Its use never
fails Ia give satisfaction.
Mrs. Laura Hart, Beaufort, 8. c., writes:
"a loathsome form of blood poison was kill
ing me. My appetite was lost, my bones
achei. and parts of my flesh seemed as if it
would come OF my homes. a friend brought
me a bottle Of b. Il. Ii. The sores began
healing at once. and when ] had taken two
bottles ! surprised my friends at my rapid
recovery"
w. A. Bryant. Moody, Texas, writes:
81 had an Gsoni-1ng case Of Salt Rheum
for o years, which medicine l took
Only seemed to %aggravate until l found b.
B. II. Il cured my hand. which resembles
a burnt surface. 1t also cured my two
children of itch, which had resisted previous
treatment