New-York tribune., 1890-01-27
MILK IN PHILADELPHIA.
AN EXCHANGE OF ACTUAL DEALERS
THE SUPPLY OF MILK PRODUCED CLOSE TO THE
DilY-woRK OF THE PROTECTIVE
ASSOCIATION

ln1cc UISt-namcd rank among lhc HloSt iHPVi'""'
agricultural counties Of the United States. ana
behind them lie TWO mopc, whose annual agrl-
cultural output passes the 81 100000 mark-l}erks
and Lancaster. Crossing the Delaware, loop
thrown out from Salem and Burlington gathers
in most of the productive dairics Of Southern
New-Jcrsey. Adding the numerous daires which
lie within the limits Of the city itself. reason
why our farmers are to-day apparently receiving
IL cents quart AT the farm, as against tho
IL cents with which the Newly Ork farmer
must still content himself. is al once suggested
Ten millions OF the o., 10000 quarts delivered
here in $50 were brought 10 the consumer Ill
wagons, and the remainder was collected for the
dealers in an area whose average radius ana not
exceed thirty miles As against a 31-cent rate lh
Ncw-lork the Philadelphia farmer pays one oil
from D to 90 II must he remembered however.
that a comparison of the prices now ruling III
the two cities does not end with these hSureS
The railway rate is uniform. Summer milk brings
cents and winter milk, say cents, at the
platform. But as Orange County farmers have
already discovered. in cndcavorng - reach the
Philadelphia market. the Philadelphia farmer sells
his milk TO the dealer by dry measure, at : -
ts 10 the quart. Thus his fortyquart can con
tains 90 lbs, while the Ncw-(ork dalrNmah
holds only 80 ibS This is in turn in part Offset
by the railway rate, Il II cent rate carrying
1000 lbs of milk or 20 cans for - 30, ana
35-cent rate carrying the same weight or % cans
for So 10 But for his % cans the Philadelphia
dairyman receives. at cents quart. and at the
outside rate of 20 cents only So, he paying the
freight, while the Ncw-lorkcr gets S23, the
freight being paid by the mddcman. Therefore
the actual as distinguished from the apparent
difference in the Philadclphian's favor is to-day
only 50 on 900 quarts Of = lbs, or $40 of
cent per quart Of > lbs 1t is true the Phla-
delphan uses and loses - Of can less than
the Ncw-Yorkcr, and it is also true that his
greater proximity 10 the city facilitates
his sale. but II may DE questioned whether tins
puts him an additional - of a cent better Of
The situation in this city is not 80 sharply de-
fined - IN Ncw-York. The Philadelphia MIX
Exchange is not an association of middlomen. but
of dealers. lis list embraces 800 of the 1900
doing business here and they assert that they
handle two-thirds of the milk delivered in the
city. most Of the larger dealers being members Of
the Exchange. Philadelphia has also union
under thc name OF the United Mk-Produccrs
Protective Association. or Dairymcns Protective
Association, but this does not number all th"
producers Many large daircs act independently
Of il some of the largest dealers act indcpcnd-
entity Of the Milk Exchange. Tie Unions milk
is taken by the Exchange aud by tie dealers ont
side the Exchange: dairymen in and ont Of the
Union supply dealers ont Of the Exchange. and
both ihc Union and the Exchange meet monthly
and hN The price which they viii ask and pay
for milk respectively. Thus. considering the wide.
accessible and productive area from which tie
city j. able To- draw and u may De- hiut"d that
the dwclltrs On tie Rraudywinc do NOT con-iicr
Themselves The interiors. but tie >upcriorS. of
Il. q ~
and especially butter. the establishment Of TIN,
large association acting from different staudpo.nts
10 rc-ulat, tie price Of tie particular commodity
and also hu' hy mo- means least tie presence of 70
considerable ioatinr body of unoreauizcd com
pctitor, ON either side h. Will be- seen that wc
have here much better conditions for arriving 81
substantially iust results 10 both parties Not
that there is no complaint among farmers They
are very widely scattered and The dealers ATE 10
certain extent centralized. The incidental JOS,
of producticn falls on tie producers and the wear
and tear of marketing makes part of their risk.
But there u no middIrnnu lcre Standing between
them and tAc distributors Of their product - the
consumer \ small number of them still drive
their own WAGONS 10 the consumers door. and tie
rest ship their cans by m1ll direct into tie wagons
If the dealers The contests between the Pro
icotive Association and the Nlill, Exchange hayn
been insignificant compared 10 the contest now
preparing IN your state.
The Protective Association WIS formed about
five years aeo ia Chester. Mont -omcrv ana other
counties. not 80 much according to The statement,
of members Of thc association. for the purpose of
raising the price Of milk. a> for protecting mem
bcfs AGAINST the calclrssno,s or dishonesty of
dcnlcrs Local associations were formed. officers
and "a board OF directors chosen. and "a cou~'tu-
o.. Dad, l.
the TWO principal points for milk delivery. the
Reading MIX Depot at ninth ami Thompson SIS.
and the Pennsylvania Depot, a, Thiry-rrst aud
Chestnut SIS. The officers and directors meet
every month 10 fin tu" price at which their milk
is TO be- sold for the cn,iin- month Each mem
bcr pays monthly - - per 100 quarts. beside,
his freight and the agent takes al further tIoubc
oil his hands Each agent Is provided with 10
lactomcter. graduating class and forth. and 10
him all complaints are made. Any milk under
standard Is returned by him 10 the dairyman who
shipped II, who must pay the return freight; and
II mpy be noted here that the chief difficulty with
Philadelphia milk. when there is diniculty, is
That II Is improperly or insunicicntly cooled,
point in which the ORANGE Comfy farmer is our
superior. The association has adopted the plan
4 requiring dealer, 10 give . security before
handling lis milk. and the losses IL which it> mem
bcrs were formerly subjected are thus avoided.
OF SIPS 900 collected by the AGENT Al the Chest
nut-st. depot last YEAR the deficit amounted 10
bui SlAo, which fell thc expense fund.
\ member of the organization said this week
We consider the association 10 have
been productive OF much good. H.
affords certain protection AGAINST
dealers who might not Withstand the temptation
to take advantage of individual shippers; We
blacklist every dclaultcr and are thus enabled
10 guarantee the daIryman. We do not require
him 1" ship through our agent, If he prefers 10
20 direct 10 any particular dealer a. is the case
when one Of the larger dealers takes the entire
Weld of particular dairy; only hc must continue
10 conform 10 the other rules Of the association.
II took time for Us 10 get the dairymcn 10
unite. ! have been watching tEc Ncw-NoIk fight
with interest, and judge that the same difficulty
coufroufs tbc leaders of thc movement there We