davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The advocate., 1890-11-26
beautiful OI,lahomn.

Oklahoma has been placed under regu-
lar form Of government, and good land
titles are thereby assured. The Iowa reser-
vation, joining IL on the east, will shortly DO
opened for settlement. This will bring
about an increased immigration. Guthrie
and Oklahoma City, the two largest Citiesin
the new territory, are reached only via the
Santa Fe route. Norman, EdwODd, Alfred
and Purcell, all thriving towns, are also To-
cal points on tho Santa Fe line. In travel
ing 10 Oklahoma for sightseeing or bust
mess, be sure TO buy tickets via the Santa Fe
route, the only railroad passing entirely
through Oklahoma from north 10 south.
Two daily express trains each way. Write
for Oklahoma folder 30 Geo. 4. Nicholson,
q. p. b r, A., A. Il. d, S. y. R. b., Topeka.
The advocate., 1890-11-26
TtIa No Uao

To think you can convert without reason
and reading. In this paper can be found a
list OF publications headed "The BestyWay,"
issued by the NonConformist Publishing
House. Look il over carefully and notice
the "AllianCe and Labor Songster," con-
tanning 80 pages; over $4,000 now In use; the
largest out. These are straight gOOds,'
aud no mistake.
The advocate., 1890-11-26

Union Pacific runs 20 Chicago with no
change Of any class at Kansas City. From
Kansas City this beautiful train runs via the
Chicago q Alton railroad, which has the
best track from Kansas City 10 Chicago.
City Office SOS Kansas avenue.
The advocate., 1890-11-26
0swegO, Kan, Nov. 10, 1890.

No change 20 Denver, Ogden, Salt Lake,
PoCatells, Pendl0ton, Portland, So. Louis,
Chicago, etc, etc., via thO a'oniy lno," che
Union Pacific. II. b. Harrington, city PAS
tenf y and ticket agent, 626 Kansas avenue.
~ Gwin, depOs agents.
The advocate., 1890-11-26
RAILROAD TAXES.

NANHaAVyp NAo AAVAW9MAAN BNVYhM"A1 H'eA"
taFy OF state, treasurer Of state, auditor
ot state and the attorney general are con-
stltuted q board OF railroad assessorB 10
atae0s the property OF railroads within
the state OF Kansas o
The law also requires the railroad com
panles In this state 10 forward 10 this
board OF aagessOrs a sworn llat or state
mont OF it0 property which 10 taken 90 a
basis Sor recohng taEes.
We give this simply as an introduction
or bic OF information. We have no fault
70 and with the plan Of constituting tho
board, but we do have fault 10 find with
Che manner In which they perform their
duty, or the results attained, and for the
following reasons:
First Because they Gail to make or re-
quiFo the railroads 10 pay ss much tax in
proportion TO the value Of their holdings
90 do tho individual, the common people
or tho farmer.
Because they permit the railroads to
take receipt In full for their taxes, by
paying taxes on a valuation OF from nine
70 fifteen per cent Of their interest or
profit bearing power, when at the same
time the masses and the farmers are re-
quired 10 pay taxes on a basis Of from
thlrty-hve to one hundred per cent Of
their values.
We are dissatisfied With their work,
because as result Of their work, that
element Che railroads) Of all, which is
able to pay the most taxes, pay the least,
and that element least able to pay their
taXeg, pay the most
We are dissatisfied with their work,
also because II is unjust.
We do not desire TO lay all the blame
on che railroad assessors. Much Of this
discrimination is due to weak and inef-
fsetive lAws--lnefiectlve, because they
have not kept pace with the lgnominous
schemes OfrailrOad managers whicn were
conceived for the purpose OF gaining this
undue advantage.
We have an improvement on the plan
for railroad taxation to propose for the
consideration Of the people, which II
adopted would right at least some Of the
wrongs. We would have 1t enacted as an
additional section to existing laws on this
question.
The following is the proposed section
Whenever IL shall appear to the Satlsfac-
t.cn OF the board Of railroad assessors,
upon investigation, that any Of the rail
roads Of the state Of Kansas are stocked,
OF have in Issue or existence stock, larger
IN the aggregate than the actual value Of
Snch railroad, then the amount Of the
stock 30 Issued shall be taken as the value
OF aRid road for the purposes Of this act.
When the lines Of any railroad company
In tbls state shall extend into other states
or territories, the amount OF stock TO be
used 40 the basis Of taxation In this state
shall be the proportion the number of
miles Of road In this state shall bear TO
tho whole number OF miles of road OF
anCh company. The number Of miles
and the amount Of stock Of any railroad
company shall be determined from the
hooks Of the company, or otherwise.
la the first place let it be remembered |
tAat, according 20 good authority, the
railroads Of Kansas cost about Sl8O,OOO,-
600 THAT the subsidies given by the peo-
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
A FAVORiTE AUTHOR.
a Man Who Is Deeply in Love with the
Writings of Horace.

Many readers remember what old
Rogers, the poet. said: when hear
a new book talked about or have it
pressed upon me, | read an old one"
Happy the man who finds his rest in
the pages of some favorte classic; |
know no reader more to be envied
than that friend of mine who for many
years has given his days and nights to
the loving study of Horace, writes
Oliver Wendell Holmes in the AtLn1atic.
After certain period in life it is al
ways with an effort that we admit a
new anthor into the inner circle of our
intimates.
The Partisan omnibuseS, as | remem-
Der them half century ago-they may
still keep to the same habit, for aught
that L knoW-used to put up the sign,
"COmplet," as soon rs they were full.
Our public conveyances are never full
until the natural atmospheric pressure
Of sixteen pounds to the square inch is
doubled in tie close packing of the
human sardineS that fill the ail-ac"Om-
modating vehicles. A newcomer how
ever, well hammered and well dressed,
is not very welcome under these cir
cumstances.
In the same way, our tables are full
of books half read and books we feel
we must read. And here come in two
thick volumes, with uncut leaves, in
small type with many pages and many
lines to the page-a book that must be
read and ought to be read at once.
What a relief to hand it over to the
lovely keeper of your literary con-
science, who will tell you all that you
will most care to know about it. and
leave you free to plunge into your be-
loved volume, in which you are ever
finding new beauties, and from which
you rise refreshed, as if you had just
come from the cool waters of Heiconi
The stream of modern literature rep
resented by the books and periodicals
on the crowded counters is "A turbulent
and clamOrouS torrent, dashng along
among the rocks of cri icism. over the
pebbles of the worlds daily events;
trying to make itself seen and heard
over the hoarse cries of the politicians
and the rumbling wheels of traffic.
The classic is still lakelet, noun
tain tarn, fed by springs that never
fail, its surface never ruffied by storms
always the same, always smiling a
welcome to its visitor. Such is Horace
to my friend.
To his eye, "Lydia, die per omanes,"
is as familiar as "Pater noster ga,i es Up
c0slis'' to that of pious catholic.
'I7teger Ujoe. " which he has put into
manly English, his Horace opens as to
Watts hymn book opens to From all
that dwell below the skies" The more
he reads the more he studies his author,
the richer are the treasures he finds.
And what Horace is to him, Homer, or
Virgil, or Dante is to many quiet
reader, sick to death of the amending
train of bookmakrrs.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
A FAR-OFF STAR.
Il Would Take a Cannon Ball 100, 900,
900 Years to Hit It.

1t is difficult to conceive that the
beautiful dog star is a globe much
larger than our sun, vet it is fact
that Sirius is sun many times more
mighty than our own. This splendid
star which, even in our most power
full telescopes appears as mere point
of light is in reality a globe emitting
SO enormous quantity of light and
heat that were 1t TO take the place of
our sun every creature on this earth
would be consumed by its burning
rays.
Sirius shining with far greater luster
than any other star, it was natural that
astronomers should have regarded this
as being the nearest of all fixed"
stars; but recent investigation on the
distances of the stars has shown that
the nearest to us is Al pha Centauri, be-
longing to the southern latitude though
it is probable that Sirius is about fourth
on the list in the order of distance
For though there are about fifteen or
twenty stars whose distance have been
conjectured. the astronomer knows
that in reality all of them, save three
or four, lie at distances too great to be
measured by any instruments we have
at present.
Astronomers agree in fixing the dis
lance of the nearest fixed star at 22,-
900, 600, 900, 900 miles, and it is certain
that the distance of Sirius is more than
three and less than six times that of
Alpha Centauri, most likely about five
times, so that we are probably not far
from the truth if we set the distance of
Sirius at about 100, 600, 600 000 900
miles. What a vast distance is this
that separates us from that start
Words and figures themselves fail to
convey to our minds any adequate idea
of its true character.
10 take common example of IL
Illustrating such enormous distances: 1t
is calculated that the ball from an
Armstrong 100-pounder quits the gun
with the speed of about 400 yards per
second. Now, if this velocity could
be kept up it would require no fewer
than 100 O00.000 years before the ball
could reach Sirius.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
Wild Horse of Australia.

1t may be some twenty years or so
ago, says the author of ''Cassell's
Picturesque Australasia. that a set
sand flies were bad, and, driven by
them, now walking ard now trotting,
these mares, one followed by noble
colt foal, never touched by mans
hands, and with blood in him that
could tell of EPSON and the Grand
National, journeyed on toward the
west
Fifty miles from their owners home
is reached; but the country is rugged
and not to their taste, and on they 90.
Another fifty miles, and pleasant
valley affords good water and plenti-
full grass; but sudden panic-caused,
perhaps, by a party of blacks chasing
native game-starts them afresh, and
still westward they 60, till finally they
rest in peace far from the dwellings of
men-far from the sound of changing
hobble chain or tinkling horse bell.
Month after month rolls on. Each
mare foals again, and two strangers,
straying from some other part, join
themselves to the little herd of five
and raise their number to seven. Then
another summer begins, and four adj
ditional little foals bring up the total to
eleven. Recruits begin to pour in as
civilization invaded the wild West, and
when finally they were first really de-
terminedly hunted by the white man,
he succeeded in taking but a few of the
quieter ones, while those who escaped
became sharper than the sharpest,
wilder than the widest and feeter
than the fleetest roebucks.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
The Texan Cowboy.

Cowboy life has in the last few years
lost much of its roughness. The cat
tie barons have discharged most of the
men who drank, and have frowned so
persistently upon gambling that little
of it is done. Cards and whisky being
put away there is small temptation to
disorderly conduct; SO it is only when
they reach some large CITY, and are
not on duty, that they indulge in a
genuine spree. On the ranches kept
under fence they have little to do when
not On the drive or in branding time,
the cattle being all safely enclosed.
But they must take their turns at line
| riding, which means a close inspection
of the fences, and the repair of all
breaks and damages. Where night
Overtakes them, there they sleep, stalk
ing their horses. and rolling them
selves in their blankets. These rides
Of inspection take days to accomplish,
for there are ranches in Texas which
extend in a straight line over seventy
five miles. Those ranches which are
not kept under fence necessitate more
work. The boys must then keep their
cattle in sight. and while allowing them
to Craze in every direction. must see
that none in the many thousands stray
beyond the limits of their own particu-
lar pastures. They 90 then in parties,
scattering over the territory, for they
must cover hundreds of thousands of
acres in a day.
1t is not life of hardship, and pays
well enough. Everything is furnished
to them free and of the very best, and
they are paid besides thirty dollars per
month. Each party stays out from two
to three weeks at a time; but they take
with them the finest of camp wagons,
with beds and bedding, cooking uten-
sils, the best of groceries of all kinds,
and as excellent a cook as money can
employ. The prairies are full of game,
and their / files are ever handy. The
life is free, fascinating, and peculiarly
healthy.
These men are exceedingly chival-
rous TO all women; this seems to be a
trait born in them, as much part of
their moral nature as it is of their
physical to have small feet, for it is
seldom that genuine Texas cowboy
can be found who has not the distin-
gushing mark of handsome foot. and
his boots are to him all that the SOM
brero is to a Mexican. He will deny
himself many pleasures, he will 90
without a coat, and be seen in most
dilapidated attire, but his boots must
be of the best and most beautiful
make that the country can afford; high
of heel and curved of instep, a fine up
per and thin sole, fitting like a glove,
and showing the handsome foot to per-
lection.
Take the cowboys as a class, they
are bold, fearless, and generous, a
warm-hearted and manly set, with
nothing small, vicious, nor mean about
them, and Texas need not be ashamed
of the brave and skillful riders WHO
traverse the length and breadth of
her expansive prairies. c. HARDY,
IN Hdrper's Magazjne.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02

year round at his house! Oh, say. ma,
can't [ have three kittens? Mikes
mothers cat has got five, and they'll
give me threei Mike said sol Amt
they real good? Hello! there come
the boysl They've all got their poles!
Where's my line? Don't let Minnie eat
up all the cake! l shall want some
when | get back! You won't let her,
will you, map
And with whoop and hurrah,
he dashes out of the house, and leaves
a track of mud behind him, and a gem
orally disordered room for you to clear
up
But you do not mind it. You go
about it maybe with a sigh. but you
are not unhappy in doing it. You are
only tired. He is no doubt pest at
least. he would be to anyone else-but
not to you. He is your boy-the brave,
generous, wide-awake boy who loves
you. and who is to be the prop and stay
of your old age.
You look after him as he scampers
| off along with the other boys. Tanned
and torn. noisy and boisterous, his cap
on askew, his shoes untied-but still
your boy.
How glad you are that he is yours!
How you pity those women who have
no boys like him! How you recall his
good qualities, and allow his faults
and Heaven knows they are many
to retire into the background! 1t is
true he pulls the eats tail to hear her
| growl, and he likes to set the hens all
to cackling. and it is fun for him to tie
tin cans to the stray dogs; but you ex-
cuse him by saying that he is not cruel
it is only his fun; and You miss him
when he is gone, and YOU long for him
to come back; and when he sneaks in
about dark, with his feet soaking wet,
and his face bitten by mosquitoes, and
| his hands scratched with briars, and
two frogs and small-sized mud turtle
by way Of trophies. you listen to his
dolefui story of how Tom pushed him
into the brook, and Jim caught all the
I fish that he scared up-and you clean
| him. and comfort him, and love him,
for is he not your boy?-K0te Thorn,
! In ". !. Weekig
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
DESTRUCTION OF FoREs
Bad Effects of This Vandalism the Gil
mate of the Country

Floods. cyclones and droughts belong
to the same family.
The ak is father of them all. Human
stupidity is their mother. Nature is no
more to blame for them than is the
blind earth which the digger under
mines till it falls on him.
The AK kills trees. With the trees
killed the SHOWS of winter melt more
quickly under the rain and snow of
early spring. With the trees killed.
swamps, fallen logs and leaves that
once held back the waters for months
no longer act The waters rush to
their natural outlets without OPPOSE
ton. The rapid transit of the waters
clogs the great natural channels, and
they overflow into new ones. carving
devastation wherever they rush. The
more the Ak is used the higher rise the
waters. Bad goes on to worse. The
end no human wit can foretell
The destruction of the forests has
eliminated the principal factorin mod
flying the movement of the air cur
rents, according to the Cleveland Press.
Like tn" trade winds on the ocean, the
si.r currents over sections denuded Of
forests flow freely and persistently for
long periods without change As
change is necessary in the movements
of the air in order to have change in
the rainfall it follows that persistency
in air currents eau ed by forest de-
struction means long spells of dry
ness at one period and long ''spells" of
wet at another. Thus floods are some
u
wet spells as by the rapid transit of
the waters to their natural channels in
consequence of conditions just men.
toned. When both causes conioin
terrible floods are inevitable. Destruc-
tive droughts must follow excessive
rainfalls, for the average rainfall varies
but little from year to year in a given
locality. An excess at one time means
a scarcity at another.
So, too, cyclones, like simoons, are
only possibly where enormous areas of
country unbroken by forests exist.
The winds gather force as they go, or
rather freedom to move easily, which
means that they will 90 quicker than if
INSTRUCTED. A point of refraction
means that the surrounding atmos-
pItlC Will IuSIl III W IcSlOI6
UNI. If there is nothing to oppose the
oncoming air, it will move rapidly.
The forest is the greatest of modifers
TO wind-storms. holding them back
and checking them, and, doing so, tend
to modify sudden and rapid cases of
| rarefaction.
The flood, drought and cyclone, ad-
monlsh the people of the United States
to be wise. If they heed not the ad-
monition they must pay the penalty.
The spectacle presented in the valleys
of the Mississippi and its tributaries
and along the track of the cyclone that
devastated Louisville should be enough
to cause some serious thinking. These
| spectacies can he eXcelled. Give the
AK time and bride it to do its uttermost
and horrors now seen will be mercies
compared with horrors that will inev-
! itablv follow.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
The Race With the Press.

DR.. Wendell Holmes. saws: 1t is
just as we'll to recognize the fact that
if one should read day aud night, con-
filming himself to his own language, he
could not pretend to keep up with the
press. He might as we'll try to race
with locomotive. The first discipline.
therefore, is that of despair. If YOU
could stick TO your reading day and
night for fifty years, what a learned
idiot you would become before the
century was Overt Well. then. there
is no need of gorging ones self with
knowledge, and no need of self-re-
preach because one is content to re-
main more or less ignorant of many
things which interest his fellow Great
ures. We get good deal of knowl-
edge through the atmosphere; we
learn great deal by accidental here
say, provided we have the mordant in
our own consciousness which makes
the wise remark. the significant fact.
the instructive incident, take hold up
on it. After the stage of despair comes
the period of consolation. We soon
find that we are not so much worse off
than most of our ueighbors as we sup
posed. The fractional value of the
wisest shows a small numerator di-
vlded by an infinite denomination Of
knowledge.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
Novel Way to Subdue Dogs.

A gentleman who has had a good
deal of experience in the management
of dogs says that the most vicious
brute can be conquered speedily by
any powerful odor, especially a pun
gent odor like ammonia. He tells
how he once won wager on handling
a dog that few persons could approrch.
1t was in little town in Canada. The
conversation being on the subject of
dogs, the proprietor of the inn where
he was stopping laid a wager that his
visitor could not put his hands upon a
dog chained up in the backyard.
"All right" said the visitor, but as
a matter of precaution for the protec-
ton of my hands I will go up stairs
and put on a pair of gloves.
Il put on pair of old buckskin
gloves" says the old gentleman in
telling the story, ''and saturated the
right hand with ammonia. We then
went out to the dog and at my APP
preaching he rushed from his kennel
with open mouth. AS soon as he got
within reach l thrust out my hand.
Instead of biting it he turned tail and
ran into his kennel. Then | went
to the kennel, and, putting my hand
inside, made him come out again. The
secret of the matter is that a dog can't
bite without drawing in his breath, and
as he does so he inhaes the ammonia,
which partially suffocates him and
subdues for the time being his biting
propensity. Some dogs may be sub
dued with cologne" = Neao York
Times
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1890-10-02
A Nation of Tea-DriRkers.

What an English home would be
without tea, L cannot imagine. What
England itself would be without that
beverage, it is difficult to conceive. 1t
is no exaggeration to say that one
might as we'll try TO fancy New York
City without bar-room. They drink
enough liquor in England, Heaven
knows-enough to float our navy. But
the liquor-drinking is incidental, while
tea-drinking is apparently essential to
the national life. Where we see adj
vertisements of patent medicines in
America. they see advertisements of
tea" Wonderful tea" ''Ceylon Tea"
these words stare at the British from
every dead-walI, on every bus, in ev-
cry newspaper, and no foreigner can
escape the actual substance or fluid
any more than the native can avoid
the advertisements. You have tea for
breakfast. tea for luncheon, tea at late
supper. You only miss it at dinner,
but meanwhile you have had it at five
O'Clock. If you call on Your banker
in his office, on your friend in his home.
on your felloW-iodger in your hotel, he
rings bell, and tea is brought in with
thin slices Of buttered bread or, if
ladies are present. with tarts.
Why, the editor of one oil the prin-
cipal newspapers in England told me
that every man-jack in his establish
ment-clerks, reporters. publishers,
and editors-has tea at five o'clock ey-
cry day as sure as that hour arrives
''And it is a most excellent practice. -
said he, slipping from his own cup III
his delightful home; for it brings all
the people together as nothing else
could do, and we find out from one an
other just what each one has been do
ing or is going to do during the day "
Teal tea! teal Was ever nation so
involved? Whatever they do, where
ever they 90, they have their tea. There
is no commodity or habit in America
to liken to that in England. They can
not eat without it, visit without it,
assemble at home without it, picnic
without it. OF attend to business with
out it.
And such tea! They say we Amer
leans do not know what tea is. If tley
know, we certainly do not, for never
have | tasted such tea as | got nearly
everywhere in England-such biting,
strong. nerve-murdering. sleep-dis-
pelling, drug-like tea. l had to weak
Ell it at least one-half and then / found
it aromatic and pleasant-that is to
say, as nearly pleasant as that sick
room decoction ever can be to mas
culine, coffee-drinking American
Julian Ralph. IN HdTper'S Weekly.