Sacramento daily record-union., 1890-09-06
ORCHARD Ind RARh.
0RIGINAT0Rs OF VARIETIES OF VEG
ETABLEs AND FRUITS.
Keeping Eggs for Winter for
Poisoning Insects-Items from
Agricultural Journals.


Agricultural Journals.
Much is due to our seedmen and origi
snatcrs of varieties of vegetables and fruits
While they labor under the disadyantag,
of not being able to secure letters paten
(which SO securely enable inventors to re
alize from their effortsl, the benefit con
ferred on the community at large is never
theless as great on the part of those en-
gagged in agricultural pursuits as that con
ferred by those who turn their attention tc
mechanical contrivances. Not only is the
yield of some fruits and vegetables greater
but they are of better quality. A quarter
of century ago the tomato was very diff.
ferent from the varieties of the present
day, and many varieties of squash now
successfully grown were unknown. Beans
were coarse and stringy, peas required
support, and the cabbage did not form a
head. At the present day we have our
choice of so many excellent varieties of all
classes of vegetables and fruits that the
most difficult matter is to make selection
from the whole.
One of the most valuable acquisitions is
the bush lima bean. Had it been possible
for the originator to have prevented the
use of this bean without a royalty it
would have brought to him perhaps mill
ions of dollars, for it now makes pleasant
and easy that which was formerly labor
ious. The lima bean was an expensive
luxury. Poles were required, a greater
time was needed for growth, and cultiva-
tion was not convenient; but the bush
variety is now produced in rows without
poles, and is as easily grown and har-
vested as the string bean. Though
smaller in size than the large lima it is
not inferior in quality, and as a dwarf
habit (busL) has been cultivated into the
large lima it will be but short time
before it, too, will be found in every gar
den. Larger crops will now be grown,
and consumers will be able to use them
more extensively and at less cost.
There are also dwarf peas that produce
early and are very low, and sweet corn
is not required to grow over three feet
high for the early varieties. The early
cabbages form as hard heads as those
grswn late, and "string" beans now have
no strings Turnips, beets, carrots and
parsnips for the table are of different
form and quality from those grown for
stock The Improvements have been
marvellous and demonstrate that nothing
is impossible for our and future genera
tions to perform.
As the season for saving seed is near
at hand the farmer should select only
the best of all varieties for that purpose.
II, by careful selection in the past, we
are blessed with something to-day that
was unknown to those living few de-
oades past, it is to the advantage of all
to endeaYor to still improve. The farmer
who pays strict attention to his seed Will
seldom fail to have something superior
to his neighbor who may not be so thought
full, as there is no limit to improvement
Philadelphia Record.
KEEPING EGGS FOR WINTER.
Many will begin to collect eggs now to
keep them for winter use when The prices
are high and hens disinclined to lay their
quota of eggs. In preserving eggs for win
ter use it must be understood that the
whole secret is to keep the porous shell
from admitting the air and moisture. If
this can be done the eggs will keep for
quite a length of time. There are two
good methods of doing this, which may be
of value to those beginning the work.
The first method is to smear the surface
of the shells with oil or varnish of some
kind, and then to pack them in bran, char
coal or some similar substance. The shells
of course will be discolored by this process,
and they will not consequently meet with
ready sale in the market. Gum shellac,
dissolved in alcohol, viii not discolor the
shells SO much as the above, and it appar-
emily answers the same purpose. Beeswax
and olive oil, mixed in the proportion OF
one to two, will also make good coating
for the shells, and will close up the pores
sufficiently to keep them for some time.
But the best method is to lime the eggs.
A pickle is first made as follows: One
bushel of fine quality of stone lime, eight
quarts of salt, and about sixty gallons Of
water Slake the lime well, and then add
the water and salt, stirring freqently until
all is settled and cold. Draw off the clear
brine into water-tight cask, and then put
the eggs in as soon as taken from the nest
When a layer of eggs about foot deep is
put in, little of the milky brine, made
by stirring up some of the very light lime
particles. should be allowed to settle over
chem. Then put in another similar layer
and then repeat the operation. Fill the
barrel with eggs to within four or five
inches of the top, and then cover the Tor
with factory cloth. On top of this cloth
spread layer of lime that settled in max
ing the pickle. The pickle must be KEEP
above this lime, to keep it cool and moist
III the eggs are to be sent to market they
should be taken out of the brine carefully
and after being thoroughly wiped, packed
away neatly. They must not be allowed Il
get warm in the summer time, nor too eolS
In the winter. An equable degree o
moderate warmth is best.-Practico
Farmer.
SHORT STOPS.
The best fed fruit tree is the last one at
tackled by insects.
1t is cheaper to haul than to drive tn
fat hogs to the railway station.
Frost is blamed for killing many an OF
chard tree that is starved to death.
A trotting match between the cows an
the dog may be interesting, but 1t does nc
make butter.
You are under no obligation to loan t
the person that does not promptly retur
articles in good order.
We want to get rid of scrub land an
scrub farming, as well as of scrub STOCK
Grade up all along the line.
A score Of farmers fail because they tr
to do something other than farming wher
one fails by sticking to farming.
Get stencil and put your name on you
larger, farming implements, sacks, etc. Ge
die and stamp your name on smaller In
plements.
1t is curious fact that some men woul
rather make S. by trading horses than 81
by housing implements.
A COW that has to get her living b
gnawing the parched pasture under an AT
rnst sun ,uifhnut other feed is not likel