The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1890-07-05
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

There are 254 registered trade unions
In England and Wales, with member.
ship of about $4,000.
"A locomotive engine has been per-
fected in England, and was recently
make, average time, ninety miles an
hour
The effect of the electric light cur
rent on the compasses Of some vessels
is so great that it becomes necessary to
determine how many hours the dynamo
has been running before working out
the vessels reckoning.
Paper is made in France from hop
vines; and 1T is claimed that the fibre
secured Is the best substitute for rags
yet obtained, as it possesses great
length, strength fexibility and delicacy.
In cases where there has been excess
sive vibration noticed with engines
bolted to beams or girders of the upper
stories of buildings hanging heavy
weights from the bottom OF the engines
has overcome the vibration almost en-
tirely.
Aluminium bronze is coming into ex-
tensive use in Germany for pTopellers
and other fittings for boats. The alloy
consists of 90 per cent. of copper and 10
per cent. of aluminium, looks like gold,
and has the same weight as iron.
Great progress is being made in
rapid photography Lord Rayleigh has
photographed minute jet of water in
the 1OO O0Oth of second; and a new
camera takes ten successive views a sec
ond on the turning of crank.
"A new disinfectant has made its ap-
pearance under the name of thiocamph.
1t is combination of camphor with
sulphurous acid, containing over sixty
times its volume of sulphurous acid gas,
which, upon its exposure in warm
room, is gradually evolved.
Experiments have recently been
made in Spain on the action of sunlight
in maturing wines. Layers of new
wine in bottles of colored glass have
been exposed to the direct rays of the
sun, with the result that both flavor and
quality have been improved. In the
south of Europe there has been prac-
tice of ripening cognac by exposing the
bottles on the roof for years.
"A regular industry is being started
IN this country in the manufacture of
gearing for electric railways out of raw
hide. 1t is preferred to metal, as it
makes far less noise and wears better.
The material is said to finish up in the
working as well as metal. The use of
this material indicates that very severe
strains are brought to bear upon cogs
not capable, if of metal, of standing the
Stress.
The electric microscope promises to
make some wonderful revelations in the
world of science. At recent medical
congress in Europe microscopical prepar-
ations under magnifying power of H.
900 linear were made visible to an as
semblage of 800 persons The pulsating
heart of dog and the heart beats pro-
duced by suffocation were successfully
demonstrated.
Experiments recorded by the medi-
cal press indicate that most microbes
succumb soon after their victims have
died. Tests were made with nine differ
ent micro-organisms and the bodies of
the animals killed were either buried
or kept under water or exposed to the
air. The bacillus of fowl cholera was
seldom found after three weeks, but
the tubercular microbe did not lose
its virulence until 2o4 and 252 days had
elapsed. All trace of the other organ
isms was lost in from three days to a
week, including those of typhoid fever,
Asiatic cholera and lockja jaw.