Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1890-05-31

1
races. which has produced composite rae,
which unites the characteristics of boti
the superior and inferior race, and who ar,
both agriculturists and herdsmen combined
! as in Europe. 1t has been subject of en-
crossing interest to me to discover why
find among a nation in the far interior
pure negroes, a composite OF the Wahums
and negroes and the pure Wahuma. l an
about TO give you the deductions drawn
from about 24,000 miles of travel in Abys
sinia, Ashantee, the Livingtone search
across Africa, two expeditions up the
Congo, the explorations of certain tracts
OF the east coast and elsewhere, with this
last expedition for the quest and rescue oil
Emin.
Probably many of you have had an idea
that the Africans are all negroes, and |
feel sure that if the various types of Afri-
cans were suddenly presented to you on
this platform you would still be ready TO
affirm that they were negroes; but YOU
must permit me TO say that you would
commit grave error.
l have already spoken to you of one
race inhabiting thaa great equatorial for
est, the pygnlies, who are diminutive
negro race, despite the fact that it is di-
vided into two distinct types-the dark.
long-headed, prognathous,jawed, and a
lighter, round-headed, broad-faced type.
You also know the true negro of West and
Southeast Africa, characterized by woolly
hair, expanded nose and sunken nasal
ridge, fat eyerted lips and exceeding prog
nathy you also know the tail, warlike
Zulu and Caffre, who are not pure negroes.
but negroid-you must accept them as
types of the composite race Just spoke to
you about.
Next comes the Mhuma, and if YOU wish
a rough-and ready picture of him you
must imagine traditional lanky New
Highlander, darkened with burnt cork, with
negroid wig, or plant Zulu and Hin
doc before you and produce an Indo-Afri-
can type out of the oumpound-features
regular, hair curly, but silky, small round
head, shapely neck, small thin lips, small
ears, slender hands and feet, tall and per-
feet in figure from the knees upward. That
is the representative Of the Wahuma, who
disdains the use Of the hoe, and despises
the planter and the sower, and will not
intermarry with the negro and commit the
awfu! crime of niscegenation any more
than the proudest Virginian in America
They came from Abyssinia a long time
ago. They resemble the Abyssinians.
Somalis and Gallas. You may call them,
if YOU viii, Abyssinian or Ethiopic, but
the comprehensive philosophic term would
be Indo-African.
A fifth race is represented by the Sc
raitic Africans, who are to be found prin-
cipally among the Mahdists to-day at
Darfour, kordofan and Dongola And a
sixth race is found among the Berberines.
as represented by the Tuaregs and Bed
awy OF Northwest Africa.
We must be satisfied for the present
with concluding that the pygmies and the
negroes are the primitive races of Africa;
that Ethiopia in prehistoric times was in
vaded by various migrants from the great
Aryan race-that as they multiplied they
scattered southwark and mixed with the
negro tribes, and produced that composite
race represented by the Zulus. Caffres.
Bechuanas, Matabels, Maftte, Watuta and
Wanyamwezi. A later movement con-
veyed tribes having peculiar customs, who,
finding the intra-lake region best adapted
for their cattle, chung to the land and its
rich pasture, Indifferent to the fate of the
tribes or nations employed in tilling the
ground, and their clannish descendants
are the Indo-African Wahuma.
THE sEMLIKI VALLEY.
Among the most interesting discoveries
that we were enabled to make during our
late expedition are the connection between
Lake Albert Edward and Lake Albert,
the famous Mountains of the Moon, and
fha 1c 7 Al
southwest. Lake Albert, discovered by
Sir Samuel Baker in 1864, called Muta
Nzige by the natives around it, begins in
north latitude IL l0/, or thereabouts.
Near its head there enters powerful river
100 yards wide, nine feet deep and a cur
rent of three knots. 1t is called Semliki,
and following that deep-sunken trough,
which is prolongation Of that occupied
by the Albert lake, We find, after follow
ing a~winding course of l50 miles, that it
issues from another Muta Nzige lake, now
called Albert Edward, situated at an alti-
tude OF about 900 feet above Lake Albert,
or 3,307 feet above the sea. At distance
from the right bank of the Semliki river
of from FIVE to fifteen miles there rises a
lofty range of snow mountains. As the
snow line on the Equator is found at Is, go
feet above the sea, and as the hight of
snow visible above that was between 5000
and 1900 feet, the altitude of the highest
peak of Ruwenzorif, as the Wahuma call
it, must be between IS 900 and 10000 feet.
THF MOUNTAINS OF THE MOON.
Do you know that hesitated to men,
ton the discovery of the Mountains of the
Moon as much as you would confess to
have seen the famous sea serpent? was
quite prepared to hear some one ready to
heap ridicule on the statement, but have
since been able to fortify the assertion by
inspecting the maps of the ancients-
Greeks and Arabs. That they were not
explored long ago is due solely to the
yagaries of individual photographers.
Why, as long ago as Homer the Mount
aims of the Moon and the fountains of the
Nile and the pygmies had been heard OF
and located with excellent judgment, but
Hekotaus, Hipparchus, Ptolemy Idrlsi,
the Portuguese, Dutch and French cartog-
raphers, shifted these interesting features
of African geography whittier they listed.
From 100 north of the Equator they
shifted the Mountains of the Moon to 200
south, and then loo nearer, then to the
neighborhood of the Line, then with a
flying leap to l0o north of it; they caused
the old continent to assume an exceed
ingly dissipated appearance in the six
teenth century, and in the seventeenth
they gave it penitent shore line, but the
crime of crimes was perpetrated in the
twenties of this century, when DAuville
Frenchman, and Murray, Scotchman,
conspired to rob Central Africa of the
three lakes which had played such part
en- past maps, and to draw the Mountains
Of the Moon as extending from the Gulf OF
Guinea to the Gulf of Alden. You need
not wonder that during the last forty
years you have heard travellers indulging
in incorporate language whenever the
Mountains of the Moon were mentioned
THE ADVANTAGES OF THE EXPEDITION
The uuestion has heen asked hv efal;I