davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

capital of twenty-five million dollars,
the founders Of which are. the largest
cigarette manufacturers on this con-
tnent--Lews Ginter, j. b. Duke,
Francis S. Kinney, w. S. kimball, G.
G. Emory, etc. The company is en-
powered to manufacture tobacco IN all
its forms, not only in New Jersey, but
elsewhere, and to establish depots in
foreign countries. 1t has already COM
pleted the purchase of several great fac
tories, that will continue to be under
the direct supervision of their former
managers. Practically, nothing is
changed in their methods of production,
but competition is eliminated and their
financial power is vastly increased.
Similar steps have been taken in vari-
Gus other industries, and we may now
expect concentration to take its course
unimpeded at more rapid rate than
ever, in the face of those who foolishly
boosted of having stopped it with legal
pebble.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
SLAUGHTeRlNG THE FARMERS.

In another column a Nebraska CORE
spondent draws in very few words
suggestive picture of the condition of
the farmers in his neighborhood. To
many of our readers, who have no
direct knowledge of the matter in ques-
ton, his statements, if uncorroborated
by other evidence, might appear exag-
gerated for the purpose of working up"
the public sentiment against railroad
monopoly. The fact is, however, that
the true state of affairs is even worse,
on the average, than is reported by our
correspondent. The Omaha Bee says
that the rate exacted for transportation
of corn to market is little less than con-
fiscation. Reports from leading ship
ping points on main lines in Nebraska
show that the rate on corn to Chicago
ranges from 20 to 40 cents per 100
pounds, according to distance. The
Omaha market price on the cars ranges
from 0 cents to IL cents. In Chicago
corn brings 30 cents, so that the
Nebraska farmer must give one bushel
and a half of corn to transport one
bushel to market.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

Paine. Your scheme has been tried and
found wanting. Labor intends to cap
italize itself by socializing capital. Then
it will own, free and clear, those homes
which itself is building.
But as we first observed, those very
schemes, those addresses, those lee
lures, those editorial comments. are
intensely suggestive. They are ominous
signs of the coming earthquake.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
NERESTCHAGIN.
vagaries of the Talented but Eccentric
Artist.

vagaries of the Talented but Eccentric
Artist.
In connection with his art exhibit at
Chicago, V assiiVerestc hagin, heRussian
painter, lately issued second appendix
to his catalogue, in which occurs the
following:
NY friend, the late General ,Skobelef,
once asked me: How do you under
stand the movement of the Socialists
and Anarchists" He owned to it that
he, himself, did not understand at all
what they aimed at. what do they
want? What are they striving to at
tain 7"
First of ALL" | answered." those
people object 10 wars between nations;
again, their appreciation of art is very
limited, the art of painting not excluded,
Thus. if they ever come into power,
you, with your strategic combinationsr
and |, with my pictures, will both be
shelved Immediately. Do you under
stand this Z!
Yes rejoned Skobeleff, and
from this time on | am determined to
fight them"
Th,re IS no installing the fact that
society Is seriously threatened at the
hands of a large mass of people, count
ing hund reds of millions. Those are
the people who for generations, during
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
NEVER REST.

In their dealings with the public mind
impatient reformers are frequently dis
appointed by its slowness. 1t seems
inconceivable to them that the most
obvious evils should continue to be
tolerated, and the most imperative RENE.
les neglected, when the penalty of
hch federation and neglect is moral
trophy and sometimes physical death.
Generations pass away, groan,Ag and
grumbling, yet perpetuating the condi-
lions of social misery. Occasionally
some stentorian voice compeIs atten-
ton, but the great human body, half
rising on its bed of suffering, half con,
Bcious of its power, soon falls back into
istlessness and impotency.
Even among the few who comprehend
hest the necessity of sustained effort,
hose may be counted as heroes who at
no time relax in utter despair. Hence
Carlisles worship for such men; and
we, who by no means are hero Worship
Frs, do honor them-as true men should
, honored.
They do not work in vain; not SC
vainly, at any rate, as may seem tc
fhers and, perhaps, to themselves. OF
finitesimals the universe is made, and
ghtning is the SUN of puny forces.
Soc a11eRever tire Centers of mo
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

ton, ever so limited your individual
sphere and power, ever so listless your
surroundings, no one can come within
your reach AMI stand absolutely I'M
moved.
Proclaim the truth. Iterate and reiter-
ate. BY degrees, ever to slow, the
great human body will stand upright,
fully conscious of its power
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
TRUST EVOLUTION.

TRUST EVOLUTION.
As soon as an attempt was made to
prevent the formation of trusts by legal
and judicial obstacles, we predicted that
the trust makers would easily find, in the
law as it is or in any law that might be
passed against them, the means of carry
ing out their object. Illogical as it may
seem, the right of capitalIstic associa-
ton to an unlimited extent, though in
the end necessarily destructive to COM
petition, is the very basis of the com
petitive system. No law exists and none
can be made in abridgement of that
right in our present economic order.
The form, not the substance, of associa.
ton can alone be prescribed by the legis-
lator. True. the latter may say to the
corporations legally established: $50
long as you exist under your present
charter, you shall not combine with
each other; you shall not merge your
selves into a non incorporated and, there
fore, more or less irresponsible society,
called trust" or anything else, which
will actually own your property and
run your business" He can also forbid
the issue of inflated stock and order the
publication of such statements as will
afford the State and the people, from
whom they derive their charters either
under special or under general laws)
all necessary or desirable information
as to their solvency, profits, etc. But
he cannot say to them: "Iou shall not
dissolve yourselves and sell your prop
erty to another lawfully organized cor
poration."
Therefore, when the Sugar Trust was
declared an illegal combination, the first
thought of its directors was to trans
form it into a corporation. The fact
that they had originally constituted
themselves in an illegal form, enabled
the judiciary, for the time being, to
prevent them from adopting legal one.
In the end, however, even if they have
to go through the process of an entire
dissolution and liquidation, they will
accomplish their object, which is to
consolidate the whole sugar industry
into one mammoth corporation and
under one management.
Their experience in the courts has
been of some practical benefit to other
"combners" The only advantage of
the trust was in the possible secrecy of
its operations, and the means it afforded
to its originators of selling their property
at an inflated price. This special ad
vantage, which was of benefit to some
capitalists only to the detriment of
some other capitalists, must be given
up. But all the advantages of the trust
over the public at large, resulting from
the concentration of industry and the
suppression Of competition, will be pre-
served in the mammoth corporation,
legally organized.
And so we hear, for instance, of the
organization in New Jersey of certain
J American Tobacco Company" with a
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

which has a population of more than
three hundred millions, but exports
largely also to foreign countries Yet,
her production Of pig-iron last year
the largest on record-was only 100000
tons; whereas, with population of less
than sixty five millions, the United
States produced and consumed nearly as
much. In other words the civilized
American, although deprived of his in
dependence by the capitalistic SYSTEM
consumes i've or SIX times as much iron
as the average subject of the British
Empire, taken as a whole. Free from
the shackles of capitalism, we may safely
say that he would consume five times as
much as he does now,
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
60 TO CHINA,


In a criticism of Jesse Cox's recent
lecture on Looking Backward" the
Chicago Tribune had an opportunity of
displaying its Chinese ignorance and did
not miss it. Mr., Cox had said
81 maintain that our system of pro-
duCtion kills the goose that lays the
golden eggs, Organized capital throttles
labor. The workingman is not permitted
to produce as much as he can consume.
The talk about our enormous production
is nonsense. Edward Atkinson estimates
our average daily production at 30 cents
per capita. Cannot we do better than
that? Would we not do better with
organized capital out of the way!"
To which the Chicago Tribune re-
plies
"Organized capital throttle labor!
What nonsense, when it is to the intelli
gent organization of capital that labor
owes its profitable employment. 1t is
true that the motive which spurs capt.
tai on is selfish one--the desire to make
more money. But supposing that motive
had lost its power and capital leaned
back. content to enjoy what it already
had, how would that help labor or better
its condition?
THAT the production is so vast is due
simply to organized capital" and ''la-
Dor saving" machinery, and the absence
of Bellamy's fantastical notions. China
has fertile soil, as extensive mines of
coal and iron, perhaps, as the United
States. 1t has, however, no labor saving
machinery. no Jay Goulds," Wander
bits" and Armours," no poorhouses,
and few or no millionaires. One man is
about as rich as another, and works the
same, aud consumes and accumulates
about as much as another, and there is
no organized capital" there. 1t is a
country which Bellamy would doubtless
like, for many of his ideas have been in
force there for thousands of years
Our contemporary then dwells upon
the small production of China, the fire..
quent famines that decimate its popula.
.ion, etc. all because there is no Jay
Gould, no Vanderbilt, no Armour, and
therefore-mark the conclusion - nc
labor saving machinery in China
Is not the simplicity of our esteemed
contemporary SO matchless as to induce
the suspicion that it is not quite genuine
Is it possible that he cannot see the diff
| ference between organized capital -
| by which is meant combination of ca
pitalists for purposes of robbery-anc
organized industry?' Can he be 81
utterly deficient in knowledge as tt
seriously believe that thieves are essen
tial to the production of wealth?
Again, does not our esteemed contem
porary perceive how inconsistent it is tt
derde Chinese institutions and at tn
same time invite Cinnamon to thi
country for the evident purpose of aid
ing, by their cheap labor, the evolution
of our thieving monopolists into Chimes
mandarins and the capitalization of ca
pitalism into Chinese immobllity?
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
SIGNS OF THE TIMES.

SlONO VT Tx IWCS.
1t is evident that the Socialist spirit is
shaking New England as she was never
shaken before, even in the days of anti
slavery agitation. The wave of popular
sentiment is not yet as high as it was in
those eventful days, but it is deeper.
The fact that the coming conflict will
not be waged only in distant fields of
battle, but in every nook and corner of
this broad continent, is well calculated
to make the thoughtleSs pause for a
while and consider. The Boston press
the most capitalstic press in the world
hostile as it is to the movement,
recognizes at last its power and has
ceased to ridicule it; while the clergy,
divided in its sympathies, urges here
"timely" concessions and advocates
there radical changes.
Among the Reverend "opportunists
stands foremost Minot j. Savage. He
does not admit that "the rich are grow
ing richer and the poor are growing
poorer" he does not believe in the pos
sibility of "voting ideal states into
existence, because-although the Christ
that he processes to follow preached
centuries ago far more impracticable
scheme of society than Socialism is to-
day-"the real people in the world are
not the kind of people that the scheme
requires" But he grants that "this
is not dead universe, but live one,
which moves with tremendous power in
certain definite directions" He would
not, therefore, oppose the movement.
because he could not; but he would foil
it out of its course by capitalizing
labor"-a new expression for profit
sharing.
On the other hand stand the Christian
Socialsts--the Rev. O. p. Clifford, the
Rev. W. d. p Bliss, the Rev. A. G.
Lawson, the Rev. P. S. Moxom, the
Rev. Ella, the Rev. G. w. Dodge. the
Rev. F. S. Ryder, the Rev. Jas. Yeames,
the Rev. Francis Bellamy, the Rev. w.
w. Locke-who boldly and jointly
wrote to the Haverhill strikers few
days ago: 1--WE are in hearty SYM
patty with you. Stand fast on your
right" They "believe in the Social
ism of the carpenter of Nazareth" and
that the despotism of capital is "a wick
edness that cries to heaven"
Singular to say, leading daily OF
Boston declares editorially in one column
that the letter of these divines "has the
ring of the right spirit in it." In another
column, however, the same paper
eulogizes Mr.. Robert Treat Paine's ad
dress to the Congregational ministers
AS the Rev. Minot Savage believes il
profit sharing, so does Mr.. Paine believe
that "the workingman ought to have
a home" The first proposes TO give the
competitive system a new lease of life
by interesting the worker in the profits
and losses of his employer, and tn,
second completes the sheme with pro
position to so rivet the chain of wage
slavery to the factory wall by the mort
gagged ownership of house near by
that he will perforce be submissive anS
contented.
| Too late, Mr.. Savage. Too late, Mr.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

Bismarck defeated IN the Reichstag!
His anti. Socialist bill knocked ont of his
hands by vote of no to 9S! What do
you think of this, American Bismarcks !?
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

The receipt of sample copy of this
paper is an invitation to subscribe.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

The Reading Railroad officials say that
unless there is decided improvement
in the coal trade every colliery of their
company, as well as those of individual
operators, will close down. The stu
alton in the Schuylkill regions is thus
described by correspondent of the
Philadelphia Press
THE Reading Company operates fifty
nine cOllieries, mines over 80 per cent of
the coal, and employs so per cent of the
labor. OF these collieries eighteen are
closed. These employ about 5000 hands.
The remaining thirty one are making a.
semblance of working. That is to say,
the hands employed in them are making
quarter, half, and three-quarter time,
as the case may be. If all the cars
available are filled at 10 a. m. the,
whistles blow and the mines shut down.
If they are filled at noon, the mines are
closed them"
Another authority states that not
only the accumulation of coal at distrib-
uting points is Unprecedented, but that
eli, 900 cars out of 20, 900 in the service
are side-tracked" The Iron Age, whose
capitalism can no more be Questioned
than the royalism Of Bourbon, OBJ
serves that while the actual prices for
anthracite coal cat first hands on large
contracts are lower than ever, it is
only the purchaser who buys for con-
sumption who with few exceptions)
pays as high prices as ever. 1t states,
furthermore, that this is true not only
in the retail markets of leading cities,
"but within ten miles of the Mines"
In mentlng on these facts Brad
streets says, rather naively, that "some
one, of course, is getting an unduly
high price as compared with the re-
duced cost of coal from first hands,"
Who this "some one" is our learned
contemporary appears to know no more
than 1t knows what has become of it's
"infallible law Of supply and demand"
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

The extent to which machinery would
be used under Socialism may be inferred
from comparison of the production of
iron in England ard America. England
not only y oduces for her vast empire,
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

With the enormous crops of the year
it would seem natural to expect con-
siderable decline In the price of -four,
and conseq uently cheap bread. But,
before it reaches the consumer in its last
form, the grain produced by the farmer
must pass through the hands of the
various monopolies and capitalistic
agencies who own the machinery of
transportation, milling and distribution.
We show elsewhere that the railroads
OF the Northwest, by their exorbitant
charges, amounting practically to con-
| fscation, a bsorb one and half bushels
of corn for every bushel that they
transport to market. Now comes the
news from Milwaukee that the seven
greet merchant Touring mills of that
city, with an annual capacity of 800
900 barrels, have formed combination
This represents the annual consumption
of wheat flour by the population of a.
city like New York. Other millers will
PROFESSIONALLY follow suit; so that, be-
tween the railroads and the millers-not
to speak of the speculators-the peoples
dollars will be ground out of their pock-
cts as if we were on the verge of q
famine.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01
SOCIALIST LABOR PA RTY.

NATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, b. j. GRErcH,
Secretary, % East Fourth street, N. Y.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-02-01

BOARD OF GRIEVANCES ERNEST c. SCHNEIDER,
Secretary, 55 Dover street, Boston, Mass.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1890-10-04
To Voters Of South Dakota.

GENTLEMES:-As we are constantly in
receipt Of letters from all parts of the
state, requesting us to clearly define the
position which has been and will be TAX
en- by the Pierre Board of Trade with
reference to the capital campaign, we
beg leave Mt this time to make the fol-
lowing plain statement Of facts. Before
doing so, we wish to tender our thanks to
the 10000 voters who last October testifi-
ed their approval ofour city rs temper
airy capital by voting for it on election
day. To these friends we would say,
that no act of ours during the present
campaign shall cause them to feel that
their confidence was misplaced and to
such friends as may vote for Pierre at
the coming election, We give assurance
that they shall, by reason of future de-
Telopments, have no reason to roget it.
$4,000 MAJORITY.
For the encouragement of these, we
state that a careful estimate of the seuti-
ment throughout the state, which has re-
SCAbi1 ONNh louC III ilO 6dilb pIdh 40
was adopted by our organization last
year, shows that the majority for Pierre
in November will be about $1,000,
which majority will, of course be in
creased or diminished between this time
and election day, as the popular wave Of
sentiment sways to and from each candi
date.
A SAVING TO II STATE.
Tho nifizana Of Gpnth nnlpfa m cnpn
enough within one year after a railroad
shall have run eastward from the Black
Hill, to the Missouri river in coal alone,
to pay the entire expense of the state
legislature for twenty years. The
wealth of this section consists not alone
in the inexhaustible supply and variety
OF minerals, but it contains enough tim
Der to supply the entire state, coupled
with one Of the best agricultural. and
grazing regions of the west.
THE WESTERN HALF.
The permanent capital which viii be
located in November, is not for to-day
or for twelve years hence, but for all
time and to admit that il ought 10 be
at this time located in the center of
population, is to admit that South Da-
kota has reached her full state of de-
velopment with a tendency to decay.
We say, and we believe it SUSCEPTIBLE Of
proof, that the half Of the state lying
west of the Missouri river is equally as
good as the portion lying to the
east Of that great stream that it is
capable Of sustaining a large population,
and that it now appears like the younger
child in the family, not at this time cap
able of selfdefense, yet, with equal rights
in the heritage. And now in conclusion,
We will say that we are talking TO reason
ably, fair minded men thatif South Da-
kota has a future at all, aud we believe
that it has. that it will have in ten
wears a million people, ofwhom 100000
WILDE east of the river and fully 500,-
600 west OF the river. Can anything be
fairer TO all sections Of the state than
TO say to n another, let us place the
capital in the exact center, between the
mining. mineral and agricultural region
west Of the Missouri, with ITS markets
for all the produce which we can raise,
and the great agricultural and fuel con-
suming region eastward of the river.
PIERRE BOARD OF TRADE.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1890-10-04
M. a. No. 6O6.
APPLICATION FOR A PATENT.
U. s. LAND OFFICE, RAPID CT

Us. LAND OFfiCE, hAPlD CITf, >. D., !
Notice is hereby given, that the Harvey Peak
Tin Mining, Milling and Manufacturing Com
pany by James w Fowler, its agent, whose
County, South Dakota, has this day filed his APP
p~licatiOn for u patent for 1892 IS linear feet OF
the Car No. 2 lode mining claim, mine or vein
bearing tin, with surface ground 291 feet In
width, situated IN Custer mot organized) mining
district, County OF Custer and State OF South
assSiai ni aha on d sis ia tSis Dg ya sne nc neiG Iot p1 nem aaq
631, said lot No. 63i being described as follows:
to-wit;
beginning at the northwest corner of the
claim, set q post 4x4x56 inches long, on solid
rock and In a mound Of stone az inches high, ~
Inches base, marked IL corner No. I on one side
and NJ. Z. 63l on the opposite side for corner No.
blazed and marked Il. T. cor No. 1 brs north 66
deg 0s min east rs II. Pine tree IA Inches dia-
meter, blazed and marked ID. L. cor No. I hrs
north co deg IS min west II II. Thence first
course, south, I deg IS min west, var IL deg %
min east, 1919 II to cor No. 2; thence second
course, south, SO deg east, var I deg 30 min east,
2l II 10 cor No. 3; thence third course, north I
deg 2 min east, var 3 deg 81 min east, 1920 It
TO cor No. 4; thence fourth course, north, 50 deg
west, var Q deg 81 min east, 2i II TO cor No. I
and place OF beginning, containing an area OF
9.s033 acres.
Area in conflicts with NJ. C. 6ss Seymour Frac-
ton lode 623 acres and claimed by these claim
ants. Total area claimed o. S033 acres.
The location of this mine IL recorded In the
Register OF Deeds Office Of Custer county, State
OF South Dakota, In Book Z Of Locations, at mage
4. The adjoining claimants are Darwin No. 3
lode on the north, Gar lode on the east, White
Eagle lode on the south, Car No. 3 lode on the
west.
Any and an persons claiming adversely any
portion OF said Car No. 2 lode, mine or surface
ground are required 10 file their adverse claims
with the Register OF the United States Land
Office at Rapid City, In the State of South Dako-
IN, during the sixty days period OF publication
hereof, or they will be barred by virtue OF the
provisions Of the statute.
J.P. LUSE, Register.
IL Is hereby ordered that the foregoing notice
OF application for patent be published for the
period OF sixty days, ten consecutive weeks. In
the Custer Chronicle, a weekly newspaper pub
lished at Custer City. South Dakota.
j. p. LUSE, Register.
First publication, July 10.