New-York tribune., 1890-04-13
HOW TO WIN FORTUNE.
ANDREW CARNEGIE SAYS IT CAN BE DONE
AS READILY AS EVER

HAVE NOT PLACED ABILITY, ECONOMY
AND ZEAL AT A DISADVANTAGE.
copyrtont: 1890; BIZ The Ne,c. York Tribune
Labor is divided into two great armics-the agri-
cultural and the industrial In these diverse
forces are in operation. In the former everything
tends to further distribution of land among
the many; in the latter everything tends to a
concentration of business in the hands OF the few
One of the two great fallacies upon which " Frog
ress and Foverty"-Mr. Georges bookrls founded
is that the land is getting more ana more
into the hands of the few. Now the only source
from which Mr. George could obtain correct In
formation upon this point is the census; ana thls
tells us that in $50 the average extent OF farms
in the United States was 203 acres in 1850 l99
acres in 1870, SO acres, and that IN 1851 10
was still further reduced to 134 acres The
reason is obvious for this rapid distribution OF
the land. The farmer who cultivates small
farm by his own labor is able to drive out oil
the field the ambitious capitalist who attempts
to farm upon large scale with the labor OF others
In Great Britain nothing has been more Significant
than that the tillers of small farms have passed
through the agricultural depression there lar
better than those who cultivated large 1arhs
So in both countries we have proof 1hat under 'he
free play of equal laws land is becoming more
and more divided among the masses OF the people
Tn the whole range of social questions no TACT
is more important than this, and nothing gives
the thoughtful student greater satisfaction Inc
triumph Of the small proprietor over the large
proprietor insures the growth and maintenance
of that element in society upon which clVllzauoh
can most securely depend. for there is no iorcc
in a nation so conservative of what is good, so
fair. so vrtuous, as a race of men VINO I'LL the
soil they own. Happily for mankind experience
%bo+p
than he can till himself with the aid OF his own
family.
When we turn to the other army OF labor-the
industrial-we are obliged to confess that II is
swayed by the opposite law, which tends 10 con-
centrate manufacturing and business affairs gen.
erally in few vast establishments. The 1all IN
rrices of manufactured articles has been startlins
Never were the principal articles OF consumption
70 low rs they are to-day. This cheapenlnS
process is made possible only by concentrations
We find LOO watches per day turned out py
one company and watches are sold Tor le"
dollars aniece We have mills making many thou
sand yards Of calico per day. and TINS necessary
article is 70 be had for few cents per yard
Manufacturers of steel make $500 tons per day.
and four pounds of finished steel are sold for
r,s And en- on through the entire range OF
Industries Divide these huge factories INTO
smaller establishments and it will he found I'M
nossible TO manufacture some oil the ar'lces at
all the success of the process being often ue-
pendent on its being operated upon larIc SV"lc'
while the cost of such articles as c"uld DC P'o-
duced in small establishments would DE '"o Vi
three times their present prices. lhele uoes no'
.nnoar IN be any counteracting force 10 this law
of concentration in the industrial world oh u'c
contrary. the active forces at work seem 10 oc-
mand greater and greater output or turnover from
each establishment in order that 'he hii'i'nu"'
of cost should be reached. Hence comes the
,apid and continuous increase OF the capi'aI u
manufacturing and commercial concerns hVe'
ten. fifteen and even twenty millonS o'Ae ''D
times massed in corporation
HAS THE YOUNG MAN NOW CHANCET
This has piven rise to complaint which IS
ot,or hoard but which | hope to show has no
foundotion The young practical man polhs 70
those and saws to himself: " IL IS no longer
nossible for our class without capital 10 Use oc-
yond the position of employees upon salaries i"'i'
is a lion in the path which leads to independent
commands or TO partnership, and this hon Is 'le
hinge establishments already existing. whlch are
an impossible barrier to our Advancement Inc
man engaged in the agricultural army as We H"N'
seen. has nothing to fear from capital WIN
small sum- which is not very dlihcnit lot MN ~
save or borrow. he can begin farming. the Only
that of others of his class situated Ike hiin-
self II is certainly more difficult for mechanic
or nractica man 10 establish new business. or 10
win nartnershp in one that exists. than II Is ioI
the Young farmer TO begin his business; vet The
difficulties are not insuperablc. nor greater tAah
have hitherto existed. They are not such as 10
discourage, but only such as TO stimulate the
ambitious and this is always TO be taken INTO ac
count that if the race in the industrial ana pusl
ness world be the harder to win. Tie prize Is
infinitely greater.
Before considering the prospects of the mechanl
in the industrial. of the clerk in the mercantile,
commercial and financial worlds. let me show
that no classes other than these two have had muc
To do with establishing the factories business
houses and financial institutions which are besj
known in the United States to-day. And first, al
TO the part of trained mechanics. select TN
best known industrial establishments III each de-
partment. many of them the most extensive works
of their kind and of worldwide reputation. Balc-
win Works. for locomotives; Sellers az Co,
Bement & Doughcrty, for mechanical tools;
Dsston's Works. for saws works of the Mcasis.
Dobson and of Thomas Dolan, fhlla-
nelphia, and Gary. of Baltimore, textile fabrics; :;
Fairbanks. for scales: Studebakero, for wagons,
who count their wagons by the acre; Pullman. OF
Chicago Allison. of Philadelphia. for cars; Wash
burn & Moen, and Cleveland Rolling Mll,. steel
wire etc; Bartlett, iron founder, Baltimore; !;
Sloanes, also Higgins, carpets; Westing
house. electrical apparatus; Peter Henderson,
d. Co., and Landrcth & Co., seeds; Harper
Brothers, publishers Babbitt. for Babbtts metal;
Otis Works. Cleveland boiler steel; the Rcmns-
ton Works. and Colts Works. Hartford. fire arms;
Singer Company Howe. Grover. sewing machines; :;
Mccormick Works. Of Chicago: Balls. Of Canton
and Walter A. Woods. for agricultural inple-
ments steamship building, Roach, Cramp, Neahc,
on the Atlantic; Scott upon the Pacllc; Park
hurst. Wheeler, Kirby, McDugall, Craig, Coffin
berry Wallace, the leading officials oi shIpDuild-
ing companies on our great lakes hoIscsnocs'
burdens; AtterbUry Works. for glass Groctzlneer,
tanning; Ames Works. for shovels; Selnway,
Chickerlng and Knabe pianos.