davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
FOUGHT FOR A BOTTLE OF BRANDY

That Was Broken on the Pavement During
the Scuffie.
George Corrello and Joseph Fitzer, two Ital-
ians. were arrested yesterday morning. about
o'clock. and sent to tile Twelfth ward police
station. Both are charged with disorderly con-
duct. They were arrested at Forty ty-ninth street.
Borh were qua.reling tor the possession of
flask of brandy which Corrello held in his
hand. but which Fitzer wished for himself
A fight ensued and the bottle was broken on
the pavement, the contents being lost The
fight continued until an officer appeared and
assisted the sombatants to the police station.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
DOME UP BY TRAMPs.
A Watchman's Unpleasant Experience Late
Saturday Night

A Watchman's Unpleasant Experience Late
Saturday Night
Harry Kcrins, watchman at divers steel
works, at the foot of South Thirteenth street.
was rather roughly handled by pair Of
tramps Saturday night. About o'clock the
two men entered the mill and asked to be al
lowed to sleep there. Mr.. Kerins refused to
give them permission on the grounds that it
was against the firms rules. The tramps in
sisted that they would sleep IN the mill despite
the order of the watchman, and when the latter
again protested and threatened to call the po-
lice, one of the tramps picked up bar of iron
and, dealing Nj. Kerins a blow with it on
the side of the face. felled him to- the
ground. The intruders then pounced upon the
fallen man. and after kicking him in brutal
manner took hasty departure.
The police were notified. and made vigilant
search, but failed to find the men. Mr.. Kerins
was very badly used up, but his injuries. while
extremely painful are not considered danger
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
Hermann Linde at the Lese-verein.

A small but select audience met by invita-
tion at the rooms of the Lese-Verein, on Wood
street, last night, to hear Hermann LDde re-
cite selections from German classics, Every
body was highly impressed with his magnificent
voice and delicate Interpretation of fragments
from wilhelm TELL" Nathan the Wise,".
ETC., The power of his elocution was best ap-
preciaJed in Ere Koenig.'' The monologue
from Hamlet" was rendered in English, and
met with equal appreciation.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
A MT. WASHINGTON FIGHT.

Several Persons Hurt, but the Third District
Police Know Nothing of It
A fight occurred at a saloon on Mt. Washin e
ton. Saturday night, during which Albert
Wilbert had his arm badly slashed and was
otherwise hurt and another man had his head
cut open. The names of the attacking party.
consisting of three or four men. could not be
learned and no arrests were made, there beng
no police in the vicinity and no report was
made by the police of it yesterday. Daring the
fight the windows of the saloon were broken.
Just after the Tow Evan Terrence was passing
the place when he was chased and set upon by
three men, who knocked him down and beat
and kicked him into insensbility.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
ONE METHOD OF SWEARING OFF.

An Allegheny Citizen Who Wanted Ten
Days to Get Sober.
Jim Brown had for the past week surrounded
about 25 whiskles day. and the prisoners were
not resting easy He longed for ten days at
Claremont. where temptation would be re-
moved. Yesterday he asked an officer on Ohio
street TO arrest him because he wanted ten
days The officer told him to 20 smash some
body.
"Whatr' exclaimed Brown; "want me to hit
someone and get the worst of it? Guess not
Pll jist fool you. I'll go up and make the turn
kew put me In. l amt no chump"
He did il. The officer at the lookup heard
his story and gave him place behind the bars.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
TWO LOVELY BLACK EYES.
A Pretty Dude Plays Masher and is
Mashed,

A Pretty Dude Plays Masher and is
Mashed.
He was one OF the species of the "Dudus
Americanus," or common dude and when he
appeared on Ohio street last night, he was the
perfection of primpness. He carried with him
the name of John Justice. and wore a pair of
trousers which might have been called loud.
In fact, it was said his tailor had given him a
mEzze with them, so it would be possible for
the other people in the house TO sleep.
He was coming down Ohio street when he
noticed two pretty girls in front of him, but
didn't notice man and another girl behind.
With all the insolence of his class he pushed
his face up in front Of the girls, and remarked,
You're pretty pai- of brides"
The next instant the girls ran away. At the
ame time good right arm shot OUT and Mr..
Justice had received all his name called for 1t
nok 10 minutes to revive him. and it will take
. days to take the blackness out of his eyes,
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
An OLD FIREMAN BURIED.

The G. A. r. and Sons of Veterans Attend
the Funeral of Jacob Wasmond.
Post l2S of Allegheny buried another old
soldier yesterday in the person of Jacob Was
mond, one of their members. The interment
took place at Wietershausen's Cemetery on
Troy Hill, and was attended by tile post and
Lvse Camp Sons of Veterans.
MIR. Wasmond was employe of the Alle-
gheny Water Works for Is years, and had
formerly been member of the fire department.
As fireman he was one of the company sent
to the Chicago fire in 1872 by Allegheny City.
During tine war he served with the Sixty-first
Pennsylvania Volunteers.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
SCARE ON THE s0UTHsIDE.

Two Runaway Horses Almost Create a
Panic on Carson Street.
The upper end of the Southside was thrown
into wild state of excitement early last eyen-
ing by runaway horses. They dashed up South
Thirtieth street attached to a wagon. When
they turned the corner, they left part of the
wagon behind. and as they went down Carson
street they left portions of the wagon on every
post. The people were just going to church,
and a number Of the good people made narrow
escapes.
The horses were finally caught by an officer.
The horses belonged to George Hagmver. and
had been left standing on South Thirtieth
street.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
STANLEY's STORY;
Or, Through tn Q Wilds of Afric

Or, Through the Wilds of Africa.
A thrilling narrative of remarkable ad-
ventures in the Dark Continent. Compiled
from information. data and official reports
of Henry M. Stanley by Colonel A. G..
Feather. Publishers price, So 90; our
price only 81 so. FLEIsHMAN & Co.,
5Oi, 5O6 and sos Market street.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
SITES FOR HOTELS.

Two Duquesne Clerks Build House in
Their Imagination.
"Perdu and l." said Van Huntington at the
Duquesne Yesterday, "hare fine hotel built in
our Imagination on the Fifth avenue site from
the Chronicle Teleg gnuph building down to the
Market alley. That is the greatest location for
a hotel in Pittsburg. and if the property was
not SO high in price one would have been
erected there before now.n
But" interrupted Perdu. talking of sites.
what do you think of the triangular piece of
property at the foot of Fifth avenue for a fine
French cafe conducted in first-class style? Say,
if owned that site and had the cafe, 1 think
would be in it"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

JUST in time for Christmas-200 all diff
ferent styles-ladies' black embroidered
fichus; prices from 81 25 to S37 So. Nothing
nicer'than this for grandma's Christmas
gift. See these sure.
CAMPBELL & DICK, Fifth avenue.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
HaBERKoRN KEEPS SHY.
The Husband of Margaret Mather Silent
About the Rumored Divorce Suit.

The Husband of Margaret Mather Silent
About the Rumored Divorce Suit.
Emil Haberkorn, the leader of the Duquesne
Orchestra and tine husband of Margaret
Mather. is stopping at the Seventh Avenue
Hotel. He kept very shy of reporters yester-
day. and though a dIligent search was made
for him. ne was not seen. He was at the
theater yesterday, but made no allusion to the
report that his wife intended to get a divorce
from him on the ground of non-support
Whether true or not, it could not be learned
what his intentions are.
Mr.. Haberkorn is a slender mild-mannered
gentleman and good leader. His appearance
gives evidence of his musical talent. and his
glasses and tall pompadour give him a dis
tnguished look. He has been playing first
violin in the Juch and BostOnian or :hestra
but to-day he will assume charge of the Du-
Quesne Theater musicians.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

was intense. and the experiment pronounced
complete success. The cost, 1t is said, will be
lower than either coal or gas alone
1t is understood that The firm az an early date
will remodel all its furnaces and adopt the new
system The employees seem to take kindly to
the new mixed fuel.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
TAKING DOWN THE WIRES.

The Cable system to be Carried THROUGHOUT
the Downtown District.
Superintendent Morris w. Mead, of the
Bureau of Electricity. will commence putting
the city's wires in cables within the next four
weeks, after he gets his new switchboard CON-
pleted.
These cables will be carried only in the busI-
ness portion of the city, where the buildings
are high. In the course of time. as the business
district Of the city reaches out, the cable sys-
tenn will be extended but in the residence por-
tions the single-wire plan will be continued as
heretofore.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

What to Buy and Where to Buy-Here
You find everything for men, women, chill
dren and BABIES Christmas presents, and at
prices to suit all pocketbooks.
Jos. HORNE & Co.,
609-621 Penn avenue
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
UNDER THE NEW RULES.
Big Crowds Take Advantage of the Greater
Privileges at Carnegie Library.

Privileges at Carnegie Library.
Yesterday was the first day the reading room
of Carnegie Hall was thrown open in accord.
ance with Mr.. Phipp's ideas, and from l o'clock
10 $50 a larger attendance was present than on
any day since thu halls opening There were
more than 800 visitors and some 200 publca-
tiOns were called for. of these latter it can
hardly be said they were conducive to spiritual
or moral education, the number of humorous
and general secular papers and magazines out
num bering all others about ten to one. OF the
two Bibles in the room but one was called for,
and that was read by but one man for probably
an hour in the evening.
The large number of visitors however, were
what might be called church people, and about
3o'clock, after the Sabbath schools had ad.
journed. the crowd was very large and filed up
nicely the large and eommodious rooms
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

SEE the toys and holiday goods on sale in
our basement and get one OF the following
booklets Gllustrated) fiee: "Gray's Elegy,"
''The Village Blacksmith" "The Oaken
Bucket" CAMPBELL & DICK,
Fifth avenue.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
New! Newt! New!!!

And the latest patterns in mems corduroy
slippers, embroidered vamps; cost you 81
and 81 % per pair at G. D. Simen's, rs Ohio
street, Allegheny, Pa. INV
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
A Pointer.

Go to Gallinger's jewelry store, 1900 Penn
avenue, and see his stock before purchasing
your holiday gifts elsewhere.
Remember the address, 1900 Penn avenue.
Finest line of music-boxes in the city.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
What to Buy and where to Buv-Here

You ind everything for men, women, chill
dren and babies Christmas presents, aud at
prices to suit all pocketbooks.
Jos. HORNE s. Co.,
609.62l Penn avenue.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

Albert Powell, one of the new switchmen at
the Baltimore and Ohio freight yard at Glen
wood, had his right arm badly crushed. last
night. while making a coupling. He was taken
TO the bunk car, where DR.. o'Brien dressed his
arm,
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
Ladies' Fine Fur Canes

Genuine Alaska seal, Persian lamb,
monkey, Astrakhan, beaver, hare, coney,
etc. s. to $50.
Full line of muffs and sets for ladies,
misses and children. Prices from 35 cents
to $50.
CAMPBELL & DICK, Fifth avenue.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

HOLIDAY goods in shape OF diamonds,
watches, jewelry and musical instruments
arriving daily. Largest liue OF music
boxes. GALLINGER'S,
Mwsu l200 Penn Avenue, 1900.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
GAS AND COAL MIXED.

To be Used by the Republic Iron Works as
Fuel in Future.
An interesting and very important expert
ment has been tried at the Republic Iron
WORKS, Southside. The firm had one furnace
remodeled to suit the burning of coal in the
old way. Gas fittings were then put in, and a
trial made OF gas and coal mixed The heat
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
Eur Trimmed ,Jackets,

240 new ones just opened, below cost OF
materials. Real astrakhan and wool seal,
$12 to SIS 70. Best for the money ever
offered. RoSENBAUM & Co.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
Everett Club Announcement,

Membership No. %, club A, and men,
bership 81, in club B, each receive an
elegant upright piano on payments OF 81
per week. ALEX. Ross, Manager =,
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

GIVES stimulation to the overworked.
Iron City Brewing Co. Slayer. Tel. 1156.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
IN THE WAY OF
CLOTHING.

Infants Robes-SIlk, Nain-
sock and French Muslin-set
off with drawn work, trimmed
with lace.
Infants Robes-In Beauti-
fully Embroidered Nainsook.
Infants Dresses - In cute
styles, made of Cambria and
Nainsook, plain and Embroid-
cred.
Infants' Shawls - In Cash
mere and Flannel, plain, silk
boand and deliberately embroid-
cred.
Infants Flannels - Skirts,
Barricoats and Night Robes, in
cream white, soft and heecy
hannels.
Infants Wrsppers-In Flan-
mel and Cashmere, cream and
delicate colors, all hand en-
broidered.
Infants Cloaks In Silk,
Cashmere and Basket Cloths,
lined with silk and trimmed
with ribbons.
Infants Cloaks - Embroid-
cred Cashmere. cream, white.
gobelin and light shades Of tan.
Children's Dresses-Cashmere
Gretchen Dresses, for the ages 2
and 8 years.
Ch1ldren's Cloaks and Chill
dren's Jackets-In all styles Of
plain and fancy cloths, latest
cuts, plain or fur trimmed.
Infants and Children's Hose
Long, ribbed, very fiue. soft
and fleecy wool, black and col
ors, at SOC.
Children's q Stockings-Soft,
feecy wool, black and colors,
ribbed tops, sizes 4 to 6, at 35c,
4Oc, 45c and SOC pair.
Infants Hosiery-In Merino,
Cashmere, Spun and Pure Silk,
in black and colors.
Infants Socks - Cashmere,
Merino and Silk, white, black
and colors, all sizes and prices.
Children's Gloves and Nit
tens - Fleece-lined Kid, soft
and warm. Cute Silk Mittens
for little misses, put up a pair
in a box, white, black or colors.
Little Handkerchiefs-Plain
white, hemstitehed styles, or em-
broidered and scalloped.
Baby Hesdwear-Caps in
White Crepe de Chene, White
Embroidered Cashmere, Plain
and Embroidered Silk and
White Combination Silk and
Velvet. Big Hats in combina-
tions o: Silk and Velvet, in
variety Of shapes Of crown and
brim.
Infants Bibs-Every kind,
from 1Oc to 81 each. Specially
pretty Bibs that we imported
from Switzerland, hand en-
broidered and hand quilted, in
price from 50e to 85c.
Baby Blankets-Soft. light,
warm, purest wool, all sizes to
suit the sizes Of the little beds
prices from 81 50 to 81 a pair.
Baby Comforts-Cheese Cloth
covered Comforts from 81 so up.
Pure Elder Down, Chintz and
Satine covered Comforts, light
and fluffy; pretty patterns in
the covers; prices from 81 to
$14 90.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
Writing on Kindred Topics.

Messrs. Kennedy, Arthur B. Smythe and
Josiah Dyer. national officers of the marble in
dustries, have engaged with an indianapolis
trade journal TO write q series Of articles on
"Granite," MARBLE" and "Stone'f respectively.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
BOTTLE FIENDs ABROAD.

People Who Make Provision on Saturday
Night for a Sunday Drunk.
The "bottle fiends." as Captain Slvus calls
them, were out in force yesterday. These are
people who, since the extinction of the speak
easy in the First police district. lay in a good
supply of liquor Saturday night and are thus
enabled to carry jag far into the Sabbath.
Officer William Devlin, whose beat includes
the Yellow Row and adjacent territory. yester-
placed iu Central station and charged with
drunkenness.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

For fine dress goods come to The Peoples
Store, Fifth avenue
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

HEADQUARTERS for x ma, CANDY.
' THoS. K. HERD & Co.,
Allegheny.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
Paid Dearly for His Ride.

Magistrate Leslie had but six cases at the
Seventeenth ward station.
John Foster paid $40 for insisting upon riding
on the dashboard of street car.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15
J1G. H1RNE K Els
CHRISTMAS FOR THE
CHILDREN.

The wants of the little ones
are never forgotten in the big
Penn Avenue Stores.
A mention OF some things that
mothers are buying for the
babies.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1890-12-15

A large variety of Fine Dolls
Fine French Bisque, from 81 to
S11 so each.
Novel ''Maid and Mistress"
Dolls at 81 80 to So so.
Edison Talking Dolls, $40.
The National tribune., 1890-09-18
PERSONAL.

A package containing 65 pension vouchers,
which was recently sent from the Pension Agency
al Madison Wis, to the Pension Agent at MilwRu-
kee was lost in the mail and no trace OF the pack
age has as yet been obtained. The package was
valued ut several thousand dollars. II any of the
veterans who are interested In this, they will
be please, know that they will lose nothing and
that other vouchers will be forwarded as soon as
proof has been received by the authorities Of the
loss Of the originals.
William A. Sehenk an old soldier on Monday
last received large amount OF back pension
money, and he immediately started out TO the
City of Washington. lie conspicuously displayed
u large roll of bills, and couple Of notorious char
acters who are well known about town proceeded
to help hi m get rid of his cash They did not sue
coed however for officer came upon the scene
and arrested one of the men. willis the other made
his escape. Sohenk WAS told to so home and take
better OF his money, he too would be lock ed
UP to protect him from such characters.
Col William b. Mann, I'd Pa. Reserves, came
near drowning on Saturday last He WAS out gun
ming for reed birds when his boat upset and he
precipitated into the water. lie sank and WAS
under water about minute when rescued by a
couple OF policemen. 1t was n very narrow escape
and the Colonel was completely prostrated Col
Mann Is Prothonotary of Philadelphia.
CorpT Tanner visited GTeenvllle Mich, on Thurs
g.
Fair and made a speech 30 minutes long TO the
crowds of the Grand Army boys present. He ap-
peared I'm civilian dress, and his GAR button and
shalSy cork legs were the only outward evidences
of his military antecedents. The boys were much
pleased will, what he said aud cheered him enthu-
sastically. Col. Bliss telegraphed from Washing
ton his congratulations to the boys In having the
Corporal with them on that occasion.
Gen. John Gibbon, who was recently appointed
to the command of the Military Division OF the
Pacific with headquarters at san Francisco, was
graduated from the West Point Military Academy
In 1877 and was immediately brevetted Second Lieu
tenant of the Sd IT, 3. Art He promoted Sec
ond Lieutenant the same year, and to First Lieu
tenant 4th Art, Sept IL, 1880 and 10 Captain,
regiment. Nov. 2, 1859. aud Brigadier- General of
Volunteers May q 1862, when the war was well
under way. He received several brevets In the
Regular Army for gallant and meritorious serv-
Ices" In July 1864, he was promoted MajOrGen-
eral of Volunteers, and in July. 1896. made
Colonel OF the 3Slh Inf, and In March, 1852 was
transferred to the 7th1Rl- lie was promoted Brig
adler General July 10, 1883. He = eassmAie
Of Generals Burnside. Wilcox Mason. Fry, Ayres,
The National tribune., 1890-09-18
A nusnwnACKERs VIEWS.

Seymour, Ind, came prominently before
the country few years ago rs the home of
n band of train-robbers. The whole of that
fertile and pleasant section Of Indiana has
suffered immensely from being the stamp
ing-ground of the "po' white trash which
drifted in there from the South. A large
portion of the guerrilas and bushwhackers
ran in there from Kentucky and Tonnes
see during the war, when our cavalry
made that country uncomfortable for lon
ger sQjourn. The Seymour Democrat is the
special organ of this class, just rs the st.
Louis Republic is the special representative
of the similar element-the Quantrell-Bill-
Anderson esse-James element in Missouri.
The Democrat has this TO say about the
GAR:
In his speech To tho Grand Army OF pretoriRns
Mt Boston, President Harrison wished TINT tho
veterans might he inspired with a newer love
for flag and Constitution" Wherever the Cop
perhcRd medal of the Grand Army is worn 1t is
n symbol that the American birthright of manly
independence of the wearcr has been traded for
n mess of pension pottage. No one not a pre-
torlan win believe that IL stands for anything
else. And no one not n pretorIan will believe
that there il any patriotism In Americans who
leaSuc together under military forms, to force
themselves dependents upon the honest workers
and industrious Carncrs Of the country. Prctori-
anism has brought the Grand Army of pension
lootcrs Into such contempt thRt it's badges aud its
medals and insignia nre types that tell the story
of its disgrace. With SlO0OO00 900 year drawn
from the wages of coal miners, of railway and fac
tory operatives, of mechanics, of farm.workcTs OF
all who work for an independent livelihood, IL can
afford 10 take it's janis the continent TO buy
uniforms and gold braid TO cover the breasts Of its
members with medals to spend weeks In parade
and festivity; but when Il docs parade every spec
tator knows that tho men in line have imposed
themselves ms parasites on the labor oftho country
and that they have banded together for the purpose
OF refusing to work for support and OF forcing
others TO support them. To this pass, lower than
the scale of the common tramp, who wends his
way throughout the country begging his living
without prctcnse TO rcspoctnbility OF patriotism,
hns prctorianism brought the socailcd Grand
Army" II II is, in such pass. capable of newer
love for flag aud Constitution" the Christian
statesman" head OF this pious Administration ="
has wished I, well
We should hardly expect man of the
class the editor of the Democrat undoubtedly
belongs to, and writing for the class which
gives him his support, TO speak otherwise
than he does. We risk nothing in assuming
that he regards Quantrell, Jesse James and
Bill Anderson as distinguished patriots, and
that he recalls with thrill OF exultaton the
latters performance of standing a squad OF
sick soldiers in a row, and then firing down
the line TO try the penetrating power of q
new gun.
The whole utterance is SO purely malevo-
lent rs TO require no answer.