davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

airand the next instant head falls for.
ward and stream of blood spouts I'D.
ward, until the body drops into the hoio
and ont Of sight. Such is the dexterity
of the Chinese swordsmen that they
rarely need more than one stroke in lie.
capita;ion. One after another of tn.
shivcr!ng wretchcs is dealt with in the
same way, and not till the arm Of the
headsman tires does he give place to an
assistant, who steps forward and finishes
the work. Throughout the whoiG scene
the gong booms mournfully.
The ching Chez or death by the sword,
is not granted to women in China They
are either stranglcl o. hacked to pieces.
The latter is the punishment inflicted for
exceedingly severe cases, such rs the muir
der of {: husband, father, mother or
other near relative. The victim. aftc,
being fastened to stake, is literally
carved to pieces, her flesh being cut of
in small fragments and the vital parts
avoided 50 as TO prolong her suffering.
Dismembermcnt and finally dccapitation
end her agonies.
There are two other modes of capital
punishment in China, but they arc re-
served for statesmen of high rank and
Princes OF the royal blood. When the
rcigning Emperor conceivcs that it will
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
THE OLD FOLKS LONGING:

|'n't go to the theatre, lecture or ball.
But stay in your room tonight;
|ny youself to the friends that call.
And good long letter write
rite to the sad old folks at home,
/ no Sit when the day is done.
ith folded hands and downcast cyes,
And think of heaosent one.
mt siflashly scribble, Excuse INV haste
arcely the time to WRITE
s'their broodins thoughts so wandering
back
10 m.Spy by-goas night,
nen 1ney lost their needed sleep and rest
And every breath was prayer
lat God would leave their little babe
10 their tender love and care.
pn't think that the young ard giddy
friends,
who make your pastinie gay,
ave half the anxious thoughts for you
That the old folks have to-day.
lie duty of writing do not put Off,
Let sleep or pleasure wait
sst tho letter for which they waited and
lopged
Be day or an hour too late.
d. the sal old folks mt home,
With locis fast turning white,
re longing to hear OF the absent ono,
so write them II letter tonight.
--P0rtiand OreyomiGa.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
A Would-be Suicides 200 Wounds

An extraordinary attempt at suicide
has been made in Paris. y shoemaker,
described rs decent industrious maa,
having fallen into misfortuncs and suffer
ing from extreme poverty, decided to
take his own life and end the struggle.
He took knife used in his trade and
commenced to stab himself in the arms
and legs, it is supposed with the idea of
opening one Of the chief veins; but find
ing that the end did not come quickly.
he continued with n sort of fury, and
had just rolled upon the floor exhausted
when a brother, VINO mad been apprchen-
slve OF his state, appeared On the scene
The wounded man was conveyed to n
hospital, where it was found that he had
inflicted on himself 200 distinct wounds.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
Insecurity of the National Money ches,

At the request of wcll.known New
Yorker, an expert in vault and safe locks
came to Washington and had n long con-
sultation with Treasurer Huston in regard
to the safety of the doors of the vaults
where are stored the millions of gold and
silver.
lie claimed that the present vaults
were unsafe, and that any expert could
get into them with mere cold chiscl
and hammer. To prove it he offered to
open one of the supposed impcnetrable
vaults in less than fifteen minutes. TO
make the test of further interest," he said
that he could open the door and release
any one locked inside, anil asked Treas
urcr Huston to go in one of the vaults and
have it locked.
3lr. Huston refused because it was dan
gcrous, for, unless the vault was opened
i'll fifteen minutes any one inside would
die. The New Yorker offered to 90 in with
MIR. Huston, and, after some persuasion,
MI. Huston consented and the two were
locked in vault containing $1,000 900
in silver.
The expert then began to pick the lock
with a cold chiscl and hummer, and in
less than fifteen minutes had the vault
open and the men inside rescued.
The expert then worked on another
vault, and in fifteen seconds had it open.
These vaults were hitherto supposed to
be burglar proof, and the expert has
startled Mr.. Huston so much that it is
claimed he wants Congress to do some
thing Immediately to replace the Treas
ury vault doors with safe locks, etc. The
matter has been kept secret, because the
department does not want the fact that
the vaults can be so easily opened to be-
come known.-Ne,9 York Nail and En-
press.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

tnc warriors singing as they go. Nearer
and nearer they come until they are al
most within arms length of the victim.
Then they raise their clubs, and, no
longer trotting but running at full speed,
strike him rs they run, each blow being
accompanied by savage shout; it needs
but few minutes to beat the wretch to
the ground; but they do not leave him
until the life has departed and the body
is mere shapcless mass.
In Spain and its colonies the garrotte
is the instrument Of capital punishment.
The condemned man sits on seat re-
sembling a cobblcrs stool, with his back
against an upright post. His feet aro
strapped to the legs Of the stool. The
upright is pierced by two holes, Mt Il
point just above the mans shoulder, in
each oil which steel bar is inserted.
These. with 9 cross piece in front, form
neck, is II bar OF metal, which is operated
by screws and worked by lever. The
head of the condemned man is cnvclopcd
in Il cloia. his arms are tightly strapped,
and ar II signal the lever is turned and the
bar Is driven home through the nervous
fires and gnnglin connected with the
spinal cord. The neck is broken, and,
with few revolutions OF the lever, the
man Is deed.
The following table shows the standing
Of the different countries of The globe to.
day on the capital punishment question:
Australia -. ......,... 1.-THE gallows
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

The 'dcath chair" is constructed on
the model of an invalid's reclining chair.
The guIllotinc, with its two upright
posts, its coupcrct, or ax, depending from
cross beam, and its luncllc for steady
ing the head of the victim till the ax is
released by "a rachel spring, is, neat TO
the electric chair, the most cxpcdious of
modern instruments, the swiftly descend
ing steel scvcring the heal instantly.
During the Reign of Terror, when
Marat, Danton, Robcspicrrc, and Foul
quicr-Thicnvillc were filling Paris with
blood, one guillotinc has been known to
destroy sixty-two victims in forty-iivc
minutes. 1t is known under various
names. Among the Germans it is the
"Pankc;" in Scotland, where it was
uscd to dccaptate the nobility before
and during tho .Jacobiic war, it was
called "rhc Maiden for its cold kiss
was fatal.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
DEATH nY sILKEN conn IN CHINA.

There are nine crimes on the Chinese
calendar calling for capital punishment,
and rs a consequence, executions are far
from being infrcqucnt. On the fatal
day the condemned are Toasted II: the en-
Eeasc of the Governor OF the district and
given an abundant supply of wine. The
rcvel generally lasts several hours The
Chinese have no fear of death. Drnnl.
or sober, they are, like the fatalist Turk,
eve: ready to meet tl!rir fate. When tho
summons comes from the exccutioncr,
they march with him in n half drunken
stupor. At the door of their cells they
are disrobed and their hands and fee. are
bound with ropes, while they nrc gagged
and lifted into bamboo baskets and
trnntled of like so much merchandise TO
the scene of execution.
The townspcople form n scmi-circle ut
proper distance from the criminals, tie
soldiers stand on guard, and the heads.
men, with their long, double edged wenp.
ons drawn, stand by for the signal. 1t
is given, and the chef swordsnln begins
the bntchery. Both his hands grasp The
big sword, there is flash throug;, the
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
EFFECr oE MS ELoouENcg.

They are telling n political story of the
last campaign, and Of the experience of Il
Chicago orator who went out into the
country to help a friend, and who spoke
iii II town where his friend WASH
popular. The orator failed to charm the
playful audience, and was rotten .cggcd
OFF the platform. Upon his return, the
friend, after hearing OF the egg adj
venture, asked him conimseratinyly:
"Did you succumb, Bill2"
"Sucll 'cml Bet your sweet life
didn't suck 'cm ] clum out of the back
window ."-Mcrcham 7rdreler.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
JUDGING ny APPEARANCES.

Prosecuting MISUNDERSTANDING of
the jury, look ut the prisoner. See his
wandering eye, note his nervous move
mcnts, his cringing look, his hang-dog
expression. Do you not SEE before you II
man so full of guilt that he has for years
been i'll hourly fear that tho dread blow
would Gomez"
Prisoner-"Pielse, sir, got that way
living in Il ilat and trying not to offend
the janitor."
the Jury (without leaving the box)-
"No: guilty. "--Nco Yorh Weekly.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
THE youruruL IN BOSTON.

A cousin from Western ranch is visit
ing the Bellinghmms of Boston.
The Cousin (at lunch)-tThcm stuffed
olives is the most all-tircd elegant things
l ever got me .eeth Until"
Baby Bcllingham (ayed two, in a
whisper)-''M Mamma, this man is literally
dreadful. Suppose any of our friends
should see that use Of the knife. And ii
he persists IN his criminally ungram-
NAUTICAL language, am absolutely certain
l shall have an attack of nervous prcstra-
ton. "-Beacon.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

be to MS interest TO remove certain
Princes he sends them present of n
siikcn cord, which is u polite invitation
to self destruction. The invitation IA
rarely disobeycd. The unlucky victim of
royal disfavor goes to his chamber. and.
adjusting the cord, two of hi, attendants
pull it until death cnsucs.
While executions in Turkey arc com.
monty conducted by tbe swotd-exccpt
in military circles, where the gun is
used, as in England and this country
tho bowstring is not neglected. This is
an institution peculiarly Turkish, aud
although often talked and written about,
comparatively few outside tho NIoslc,n
dominions know anything Mt all about
It. The cNccutioncrs with tho bowstriny
arc generally mutcs. They work in pairs
aud are very expert.
Many of them are dwarfs, ugly, mis-
shapcn people, creatures who seem to
have been formed by nature expressly for
their hideous work. The condemned
man or woman sits on II divan, while tho
two mutcs approach behind bearing with
them stout bow. One OF them bends
the bow almost double with his strong
sincwy arms, while. the other with dcx-
ferrous motion Of the wrist, casts the loon
of the bowstring around the victims neck,
which has been considerably barred for
the occasion. 1t settles across the larnyx,
the bow is released, and the mutcs each
grasp II hand Of the victim now strue-
Cling in the throcs of stranyulation.
Motion ceases in "a lew seconds, aud n
moment or two later the splsmodic action
OF the muscles tells that the lift has
gone out.
The bowstring finds n fitting com
panion, us far rs refined Oriental cruelty
is concerned, in death by stranyulation
and the sack, which is yet practiccd in
some parts Of Turkey, Persia and Syria,
and which was II common method of
punishment in ancient Greece and Rome.
The victim, half or wholly dca is scwcd
up in sack, weighted and cast into tho
river
Siamesc way Of lisposing of surplus
criminals is to crush them under the feet
OF elephants. Sometimes as many rs II
dozen malcfnctors have been thus dealt
with i'll II single day at Bangkok, the capt.
tai city; but missionary influences have
somewhat mitigatcd the frequency of
these horrible scenes, although the "clc-
plant DEATH is still employed and counts
probably rs many victims ms the sword
Among some of the moro savage ma
lions frightful barbaritics are devised for
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
KILLING MEN.
now SEVERAL COUNTRIES GET
RID OF THEIR CRIMINALS.
Tho Recent Adoption of tho Elcctri.
cal Death Chair In New York
Suggests Modes OF Exccu-
ton Everywhere.

With the sentence of Joseph Kemmlcr,
the convicted murderer, ut Auburn
Prison, new era i'll capital punishment
begins. 1t has been reserved for the HUI.
manitarians of America to lead the way
in the abolition of the old aud barbarous
method of taking lives that have been
forfeited to the law, and to substautiato
for strangulation by the rope the speedy,
painless death by the electrical chair, in
which the condemned may pass AWAY
without alIording spectacle.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
Thought Eleyatel Roads Visionary

Cyrus w. Field, with the great scheme
OF the present New York elevated sys.
tenn in his mind, felt that the moral sup
port OF Mr.. Vanderbilt's money would be
.ofHgreat advantage, SO he went to that
very rich man and offered him n half of
the entire capital, on the same terms
with himself. Vanderbilt looked Mt him
a moment, and then, with that semi.
sneer aud scmi-smilc which characterized
his9 features, said: "Why, Field, the
pap!c OF New York will never consent
to ride through the streets OIL stills. y
NcU Yoyi Press.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
The COWcatcher.

1t is said that the common COW.
catcher attachment to locomotives is
about the only article of universal use
that has never been patented. Its in
ventor was ID. B. Davies, OF Columbus,
who found his model in the pillow. Red
lights on the rear of trains, it is further
said, were adopted at the suggestion of
the late Mrs. Swisshclm, after railway
accident in which she had narrow
sscape.-Iarker (Hm.l Pilot.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
CURIOUS FACTS.

The :3co.c.l brain Is the heaviest in the
world.
Australia is said to have oysters foot
in diameter.
Tine fortress of Gibraltar is garrisoned
by 5000 British troops.
Three men have been arrested is Wis
cons;n for the theft of 20DO chickens.
Chicago dog thieves have formed a
''trust" and are doing rushing bust
ness.
The price of wheat reached S3.45 in
1865, $40 in 1867, and $3.o5 in
1868.
The heaviest man in England is
Thomas Cougerly, o. Dover, who weighs
go pounds.
La grippe cured II crowd of lunatics in
Il Massachusetts asylum, and they have
been released.
The Gar of Russia says that he con-
s:ders duelling i'll the army not only al
lowablc but necessary.
Abou. 800 organ grinders arrive in
London every June from Italy, and leave
again about October.
The average weight OF the brain of
man is three and Il half pounds; that of
woman, two pounds eleven ounces.
Clements White, aged seventy-two, of
Smyrna, Del, walked thirty six miles to
notify son OF n death in the family.
The are. OF the Australian Continent
is 2.9l5,2l9 square miles; Of Brazil. g.,
23l, on; of the Unitel States, 3,57S,-
392
A real estate AMI trust company, in
Lyncaburg, Va, composed of colorcd
men, has declared dividend Of ten per
cent.
The fugitive from justice will now find
his path strewn with obstacles, for his
portrait can be sent to any number of
points along the line of travel
Lucy CarvaSSa. II Massachusetts, girl,
wanted to die, aud to die rs no one else
had, and SD she swallowed thirty six
| marbles and brought about the wishcC:-
| for event
a woman in Ohio not long since lost a
child through diphthcria, and forced her
other caiitlrcn to kiss the dead body.
They all grew sick with the same dis
ease and died.
sleigh that is alleges TO be thc identi-
cal vehicle in which Napoleon escaped
! from Russia after the disastrous cam
paign of 1912, is nov in the possession
OF II Chicagoan.
Bar5ers in New York city are rcnov
ing the clocks from their shops because
customers get nervous by Watching them
while being shaved and the employees
can'tdo their work properly.
tFrench leave" is proyerbial expires
sion that appears to have arisen from the
ancient custom of French armies on their
maTcn taking whatever they wished OF
wanted without paying for it.
The theatre OF Dicchus ut Athens,
built by Philos 420 i. c., is said to nave
been the first one erected. The first
regular theatre in America was erected
NJ Annapolis, Nd, in 1852 or 1853.
While campaigning in Kentucky in Tho
early days of the war, General Garfield
bought :, farm near Prestoaburs for few
hundred dollars. Recently Mrs. Garfield
sold the tract to spectators, receiving
$1,000 for it,
The Boston fire. on November 0, 1872
destroyed 4lj buildings, causing los,
Of S76, 900. 900. The burnt district ex.
tended over siyty-fve acres in the vert
heart of the business section Fire
! proof buildings burned like frame cot
tagcs.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01


the punishment Of condemned criminals.
The Bangwolo, on the Aruwmi River, in
Africa, have peculiarly cruel mode of
Kidding themselves Of such people. Tho
culprit is taken from the rude native
prison, and his head is covered with "A
basket which is fastened around his neck,
but not so rs TO impede breathing. lie is
conducted to grove where the cxccu-
TONERS have already been nj work. The
limb OF young tree has been ben, low
to the ground, and is held there either
by the united efforts of n number Of men
or by ropes tied TO larger trees. A rope
is fastened TO the basket about the prison
cr's head and also TO the end of the
Blended limb. lie is then ordered to
stand with body erect and neck slightly
bent. In this attitude the blow is given
with sword in the hands OF the iatiyc
ihcadsman, and mt the same instnnt the
ropes TINT coniinc the limb of the tree aro
severed and it springs back TO its original
position, bearing on its point the basket
containing the dripping hcnd. Hun
dreds OF trees nre adorned with this
Eideous human fruit along the Aruwirni.
( Among the lIottcntots today the con-
demncd is taken outside the kraul or VIII
lngc and surrounded by circle Of wnr-
riors. All save the victim are armed
with clubs. The circle begins to wheel,
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
SIZE Has NONE NOW

A Missouri girl whose father is a
famous rough-and tumble fighter made
vow not to marry any young man who
could not make the old man holler for
mercy. Thirteen have tried it and been
stepped on and broken in two and
bunSed up, and now the girl wanders by
the brookside-all alone.-DcsroH Free
Press.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
WASTING HIS TINE.

'Let me see, unused a scdateiy appear
ing man, who WAS tightly jammed against
the dashboard rail, to the one on his
left, "have We been introduced"
81 think not. My name is Taylor"
"Ah! and mine is Porter. Mr.. Tay-
lcr, you are throwing time away in try
ing to reach my watch. 1t is IN old one,
aud out of repair, aud would not bring
you $2"-Ckat.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
NO NOTICE TAKEN or IT

First Tramp-'T don't see why our
names don't get inter the papers, Bill"
Second Tranquility should they?'
First Tralnp-"Well, read to-day
that dinner was given to some big gun
in New York day or two ago. We get
dinners given to us every day, and moth
ing Is ever said about it. Folks is preju-
diced, Bill. "-Mpnsey's Weekly.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
IN HARD LUCK.

Kind Lady-"I suppose your lot is
full of hardship"
Tramp-''Indeed it is, mum. In tn
winter wen the farmers is dom nothin'
but eatin apples and drinkin' cider. it's
too cold fer us to tramp; and in tn sum
mer we're alters bein' offered work -
Neio Yor& JVreIly
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
HE MEANT HOGS.

Weary Wayfarer standing in crowded
car)-"Did l hear you say you were 60
ing to Chicago!"
"Graball twho has his seat filled with
valiscs)-''Ycs."
Weary wayfarcr = "Arcn't you
afraid!"
Grabail (curtly)-"Afraid of what2"
Weary Wayfarc: -"Afraid you'll lose
your life. They do II big business in
your flesh ani blood ont there. x Chat
ter.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
A nusINEss woMAx

NIabel-"Tae man vino marries me
must have good big bank account"
Ethcl-"Iou don't mean to say you
will marry solely for money!"
Mabel-'No, not exactly: but if any
one swears he loves me ! Shall require a
deposit merely as an evidence of good
faith. "-Juclge.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
RULING PASSION OF AN ADVERTISER.

Weeping Spouse-''I shall erect q
monument to you, dearest, when you
are gone. 1 shall have Loving Husband
engraved at the bottom of the column. {"
Dying Advertiscr-"Good gracious,
Pauline, that will never dol Top Of
column, eighth page, next reading mat
ter-or-I refuse to die!"-D,y Goods
Chronicle.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

"But I can't marry you, Charlie" she
SAID sadly.
Don't say that, darling! Oh, don't
say that! Why can't you2"
"Becausc, Charlie, am neither a
minister nor a magistrate and have no
authority"
Then the soul of Charlie was quictcd
and great light shonc round about HIM.
= Washington Star.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
now HE CAME BY THEM.

Fricnd-"You have lot of agricui
tural implements. Where did you get
them?"
Kansas Man-''Thcy fell to me-"
"Ah, relative of yours died and left
them to you, ch2"
"No, no; cyclone did the work. -
Detroit Free Press.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
NO LONGER EFFECTIVE.

New Nurse Singing "Rock-a-byc
baby, ON the"
Precocious Child (starting up)-
"Don't sing that old chestnut, or shall
never go to sleep; sing something new"
-B0stoa Budget.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
SHE LOOKED KILLING.

Hyman-"SIiss Lennox is not n very
handsome girl, but I can tell you She
looked killing, for once, at the ball last
night"
Crawforl-"Did she?"
Lyman" Yes; you should have seen
the look she gave me when troi upon
her train"
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

Miss Sharpc-"oh, how do you do,
Mr. sissy You are not looking very
we'll"
Mr.. Sissy-"No, Miss Shawpc; I've a
cold or something in me head"
Miss Sharpe (calmlyl-"I think it
must be cold, Mr.. Sissy. "-Muascy's
Weekly.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
A LESSON IN LANGUAGE.

"What are we waiting on, CONDUCTOR"
asked u passenger from Chicago, when
the train came to staud-still.
1--WE are waiting on the track" re-
piled the conductor, who was Boston
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
FULL, BUT COVETED MORE.

"You look sal, Mamie"
eyes; found about fourteen dough-
nuts in tine pantry, and ate them"
Didn't they agree with you?"
(Do!cfully)-'' 'Tisn't that; we had
three kinds of pie and ice cream for din
ne-, and hadn't any room for them. -
LippincoH
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01

Ihc Hon. John G. Carlisle WIS elected
United States Senator by tho Assembly in
Joint session az Frankfort, Ky, to III tho I'M
expired term of the lato James d. Book IT,
received 10. ''0r"oo'''''
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
BoDBs UP EARLY.

Bobbs-"I couldn't possibly sleep us
late as you do. Why, I'm out of bed
and US busy as n bee before five o'clock
every morning"
Dobbs-"You don't say sol How
long have you becu doing that?'
Bobbs-"Ever since baby came"
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1890-08-01
BUDGET OF FUN.
HUMOROUS SKETCHES FROM
VARIOUS SOURCES.

a Wife's Retort-Shc Needed Pro
lection The Difference or
Course Not 40 Longer
Effective, Etc, Etc.