davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04

ut is such very big subject that
don't see how 1T can be covered In few
words but think "A woman to be we'll
dressed must be quietly dressed and
careful in every little detail. She
should never allow herself to look
slovenly in any particular Some one
very aptly says that the consciousness
of being well dressed will support .
woman when religion and everything
else fails A woman should always
dress in subdued shades on tho prom
enade with no jowelry whatever, for
besides being in very poor taste, it is
not q good thing from moral point OF
view. 1t encourages theft by adyertis'
ing what valuablos you possess, and
creates envy in the hearts Of shop girls,
who, when they see customer come in
the store decked in tinerv and quanti.
ties of jewelry, feel that they mustfen'
deavor in some way 10 do the same,
Large hats may be worn In the street n
becoming and of not too great dimen'
sionS, but rule ought to be made that
women over fifty should not wear round
hats. as they are worry inappropriate FOL
them. do not like walls and trusi
they may 70 out Of fashion and remain
SO A good complexion does not need
one and they make bad CompleNior
worse, besides hurting the eyesight,
How absurd 1T is TO see woman in Q
theater with heavy dotted vail drawn
over her face am firm believer in
corsets, but ono need not necessarily
wear them tight. They give shape to
the figure and are certainly essential in
showingoff pretty costume. | admire
the tailor made suits and think they
nv i.t To- lnAt.
] should always advise woman TO pur.
chase the best material she can for her
gowns. 1t is certainly more economical
in the end. As Shakespeare says, The
costliest material is cheap. Common
sense shoes should be worn for walking.
They enable a woman TO carry herself
better and are much less tire~ome than
the popular high hcelcd boots. A
woman going to business should be at
tired in dress OF some durable stuff
which will attract little or no atten-
ton.
a woman's dress FOR the carriage or
evening can never be too costly or ele-
CANT, but in this. a. in other respects,
good taste must be exercised in choos-
ing colorS Never wear thing simply
because every other woman Is wearing
it. ! do not approve OF the low necked
dress. Lclicvc in leaving something
TO the Imagination. The shoulders and
bosom should alwav, he vailed or the
gown only cut low enough to show
the neck Long gloves make very
pretty covering for the arms, and are
the correct thing Nothing is prettier
in nv eyes than gown made by first
class modiSte. VINO thoroughly under
stands the art oi fitting perfectly .
figure clothed in such a garment must
be the ideal OF we'll dressed woman.
MAEGAEET T.. SANGsTER
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
End of totality Beginning of totality
ECLIPSE OF 1850.


Science has heretofore done wonders in the
way of photographng the successive stages
of an eclipse but all previous preparations
were eclipsed this time by the splendid appa-
ratus furnished to the commission from the
United States, which was headed by the emf
nent astronomer, Professor David 7. Todd,
Of Amherst AS a mere index of its COM
pleteness, suffice it to say that one camera
room used was thirteen yards long, and that
the automatic machinery was set to take a
photograph for every second of the eclipse's
duration.
All these, be it noted, are chiefly to secure
data for shldy of the much discussed corona:
and Professor Todd hopes to bring back data
sufficient 10 employ the leisure of astrono-
mers for the four years to intervene before
another eclipse. Corona" may be briefly
defined as that delicate pink and slvery
light which shows around the dark body of
the moon when it totally eclipses the sun !;
and on the correct analysis of that light and
discovery of its nature depends the proper
solution Of almost every question about the
nature Of the sun. 1t is now known to a GER
tainty that the great central mass of the sun
consists of minerals the same as those on our
earth, but in a state of heat and fusion; that
around this is an envelope of fame SO vast
that cyclones in it create whirlpools $50, 600
miles wide Cthe "spots on the SUM, and that
after these whirlpools the fiery fluid some
times boils up in such spurts that hot
arms shoot out for near 100000 miles
Around this in turn is the atmosphere, if it
may be so called, which creates the corona;
and, of course, it can only be observed and
studied when all the denser portions are GOV
cred and their unbearable light shut Off
Total eclipses of the sun occur on an aver
age about seventy times in century; and SO
well are the movements of the earth and
moon now known that astronomers can cal
culate to the second when the latter will get
exactly between the former and the mid.
die of the sun. Not only can they say when
an eclipse will be, but they can equally cal
culate backwards and tell when and where
the people of antiquity were thus disturbed;
and the dates Of many important events have
thus been fixed beyond question. But as the
sun is ,253, 900 times as large as the earth
its diameter being $4,000 miles-and the
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
j, r, HANSON,
JOSE s. DECOND.

The delegates next visited the Metropolitan
Museum of Art, were entertained at grand
reception by the Union League club, and fin
ished the day with an informal gathering
And all this was but the inception of their
''laborsn in New York While all the dele.
gates attract attention, special interest is
shown in Senior Lafayette r. Perera, OF
Brazil, for obvious reasons; and it is IA pecu-
liarly interesting fact that all the delegates
now represent republics, though at the open
ing Of the conference this gentleman repre-
sented an empire. That an almost blOodless
revolution should occur in the largest nation,
geographically, on the western continent
while this conference is in session may be re-
garded as a good omen 1t turns out that
there was some blood shed in the Brazilian
revolution, but 10 more than in many little
riot in some countries in time of peace.
Senores II. GLzman, of Nicaragua; NJ
Aragon, of Costa Rica; F. Cruz, of Guate-
mala; j. Zelaya, of Honduras; j. Arrietta
Rosa and j. Castellanos, of San Salvador,
and their alternates also occupy double rela-
tions, as it were, of great interest; for since
their arrival in the United States the move
ment for union of Central America into
one federal republic has advanced rapidly.
Senior Manuel Quintana, delegate from the
Argentine Republic, is the object also OF
special interest, as his nation is practically the
United States reproduced, as far south of the
equator as its older sister is north of it. And it
Is a coincidence worth noting that he looks
wonderfully like a first class senator at Wash
ington. Senor Jose S. Decond, of Paraguay,
has more of the typical Spanish-American
air and bearing, as has Senior Rogue Sainz
Pima, the second delegate from the Argentine
Republic. Other notable delegates are Sc
nores Carlos Martinez Silva and Climaco Cal
deron, and it is instructive and interesting to
compare their features with those of such a
man as John F. Hanson, of Georgia, for in
stance-the solid and extremely North Amor
Jean looking United States delegate.
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
A SuNSOT.
ECLIPSE, AUG, 1863.

- 'N'''A NA' hSAAi Sh hoot lCo'
earth forty-nne times as large as the moon
it is plain that the moons shadow can form
but mere point, comparatively, on the sur
face of the earth. Sometimes, indeed, the
full shadow fails to reach the earth at all, ,
and then, even in the center of the track of
the eclipse, a rim of the sun is seen shining
around the dark body of the moon. And,
finally, as both earth and moon are in rapid
motion, it follows that the black central line
Of an eclipse-the narrow spot Of complete
darkness-will run rapidly along the face of
the earth in parabolic curve.
A full history Of eclipses would be, in effect.
a history OF astronomy; but it is only within
fifty years that they have beer studied with
great advantages. When we consider the
lack of facilities suffered by ancient astrono-
mers, and the fanatical prejudice against
them in many countries, it is amazing that
they should have discovered 50 much and ar
rived at SO many just conclusions Three
great inventions have made the modern
astronomer master Of the situation; the tele-
scope was long the only one then came the
simple but marvellous spectroscope, which
tells the substances blazing in distant light
and the instantaneous photograph completed
the triumph Incredible as il NAV seem, we
now know the eXact materials in distant
worlds, know what determines the red hue Of
Mercury and the white zones Of Mars. the
silvery radiance Of Sirius and the blue blaze
Of Betelgeuse.
The Egyptian eclipse Of 1852 was observed
with minuteness by many astronomers, but
rather raised than settled questions about the
corona, and as late as lSSS Professor Charles
\. Young Of Princeton. was obliged TO sum
up by saying that it is still doubtful whether
1t is electrical, cometic or atmospheric. But
on the first day Of 1889 occurred the memor-
able California eclipse" for the observation
Of which all favorable conditions seemed TO
combine The day was cloudless, the totality
passed over thickly settled country and
many hundred otnervers, scientific and
otherwise, watched the phenomenon. Much
was learned, and astronomers are still sum-
ming up the results As a total eclipse rare
ly lasts more than eight minutes, the import
snce Of the late investigation can be seen at
: glance.
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
THE NEW YEAR DRESSES.
4 Striking Symposium on the
Subject.
Now. when asd Whore to Wear Dia,
nsDds aad ether Jswsis-whst Mrs.
Wn. Astor, Mrs. Frank Leslie
aad Margaret sauGstsr Say.
COPYRIGHT 1889.
VUFfHIUHT IooS
How shall woman array herself to

SorfHIOHT looS.
HOW shall woman array herself to
appear At her best and in fashion,
A burning question, indeed, never
ending subject of discussion, and, after
All, perhaps a mere matter of taste
Nevertheless the question was put to q
host OF well-known New York women
this week and there is sufficient va
riety in their replies to suit everybody.
AS the leader OF New Iork's mos. ex-
elusive circle, Mrs. William Astor oc-
cupies position in which she has no
equal or rival. Her opinion is that tho
well-dressed woman is the one who
arrays herself in the simplest costume,
providing it be OF the best material.
In conversation with the writer she ex-
pressed herself in charmingly fvse
and frank manner. The one word
simplicity, she insisted, covered it all.
Then she went on TO say how she dis
liked over-dressing, o. over-trimming,
especially when the material is Of
cheap quality. Some people she knew
OF preferred to own several gowns Of
poorer quality, rather than one good
dress, but 1t is great mistake, she said,
% dress Of handsome goods, and ttins
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04

| perfectly, will outlast dozen cheaper
| garments, and besides it will always
| look well. Jewelry, she said, should
| never be worn in the street, but as much
| as the wearer likes in her own home,
| for evening wear, and here again more
taste should be: exercised. 1t does not
look we'll to wear several different kinds
| OF jewels with evening dress. An emer-
aid here, ruby there and a diamond
somewhere else displays bad taste.
Each set should be worn separately,
and she prefers a gem of value rather
than an infinite number of inexpensive
jewels. For ball dress or carriage
costume, Mrs. Astor says choose al
ways the most elegant material, whether
1t be light or heavy goods, and have it
made up in some simple way.
Mrs. Frank Leslie replied to the
question What constitutes perfectly
dressed woman? ?" rs follows:
1.-THE first principle of well-dressed
woman is to be we'll shod and we'll
gloved. No matter how shabbily a
woman may be attired if she has on a
neat pair of boots, she can consider
half the battle won, but not without.
So many hansomely gowned women are
"au fait " in every other respect and
go about with the shabbiest shoes imag-
Unable Indeed, it has almost become
saying, that the poorer women and
girls are much more particular regarding
what they wear on their feet than the
rich. If a woman must economize
let 1t not be done at the eXtremities.
A woman should dress very SIM
ply for the street, in rather sombre col
ors, and without any iewelry whatever.
So l. ~, Il I L. ,,,u
carriage and deck herself as gorgeously
as she pleases, but when see woman
clad in gay raiment on the street, |
always say to myself: You have no
carriage. You would like to have but
you haven't | do not care for the now
popular tailor made suit. 1t is too sti II
and severe-looking, besides being very
trying for most women to wear A
woman who goes to business should be
clad in the plainest and neatest of
gowns. don't think any one ever de-
scribed mo in my Office dress without
telling about my elegant apparel, hand
some jewelry, etc, when in reality |
always wear a black dress of some soft
material, made to I'll perfectly, but in
the simplest way Imaginable, and with
only'plain pearl earrings and pin, be-
cause / think it the proper way for
woman to dress while at business. 1t is
deplorable that our women make no
especial toilets for tho theater in this
country On the other side, If a play Is
stupid, one can find pleasure in looking
around at the beautiful dresses, and in
addition to this, it inspires the artists
to greater zeal when they look out from
the stage upon a handsomely clothed
audience. In London, women do not GO
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
ROGUE s. PIMA. MANUEL QUINTANA.

ROGUE s. PIMA. MANUEL QUlNTANA.
The delegates attended by their United
States colleagues, have done an immense
amount of travelling and have been wined
and dined, toasted, feasted and junketed to
a degree that would seem we -isome; but
they protest that they like it, and as they
seemed willing to bear more they have re-
cently been taken from their labors to New
York city and gone the rounds OF the public
Institutions, besides enduring much attention
from various clubs. 1t is "a gratifying fact
that they win on the popular favor quite as
fast as they advance in admiration OF the
country; for they are gentlemen of rare cult
ure and high character.
Part of their entertainment in New York
was quite unique. They were first con
Quoted to the hall of the Normal college, and
welcomed by ZOO of the young lady pupils.
The display of so much youth, beauty and
intelligence in Il school aroused the enthusi-
asm Of the visitors; various pupils gave reci-
tations in English, French, Spanish, German
and Latin which interested them still more,
and when an unusually attractive miss (her-
self of Spanish descent) recited in fine style
an extract from a South American patriots
address to his army the visitors applauded
long and vigorously. Them in response to
the welcoming address by PresidentJ. Edward
Simmons, of the Board of Education, SenH
Nicanor Bolet Peraza, Venezuelan minister,
spoke of womans education in way that
showed he had gone deeply into the philoso-
ply of the subject. In this matter he de-
clared that the Americans had evolved
new force in humanity "had completed man
upon the globe and discovered the real pur-
pose Of God in humanity"
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04

woman's costume hygienically, And
should never think her perfectly
dressed unless health rules had been
followed like the tailor made gowns
very much, but they are much too
heavy. Nowadays the heaviest and
thickest material = woman can pur-
chase is considered the most fashion
able, and 1t is just such style of dress.
ing that Is the cause of half the weak
uesses to which women are subject.
should not say much, It is true, for
am wearing thick dress myself, but
really endeayored TO get the iightest
stuff l could find and had it made as
simply as possible; still there is too
much weight. | think woman should
dress in the plainest way possible on
the street. like the Philadelphia
style of dressing. 1t resembles the
English style, while New York reminds
me of Paris. do not think women
should wear gay attire on the streets or
dress in any way to attract attention.
Women plain that they are annoyed
by the staring of men; that men ogle them
on the street and in the cars, whom, II
they did but know it, 1t is their style OF
dressing that calls forth all the trouble,
their bright colored costumes, big hats,
etc, which cause men to lower their
newspapers and gaze persistently at
them. That sort of dress should bs
confined to the carriage, where an elab-
crate toilet is perfectly proper, but SIM
plicity should be- observed in street and
church dress, particularly the latter.
We are supposed to attend church for
devout purposes, and our outside attire
should be such that it will not detract in
the slightest from the sole mnity OF the
occasion and in any way interfere with
the worship of God. Let the material
Of the street or Sabbath dress be as
rich as you please and lit perfectly, but
it need not necessarily DO ugly or disa.
greeable to the eye or unbecoming to
the person. Have it made to suit the
face and figure, but made simply and
unostentatiously. There is growing
tendency among cultivated people to
decry the loud fashion of dressing, and
adopt the quiet and refined style. In
fact, it is fast becoming the distinguish
ing element between the two classes.
Black silk is very good material for
street attire, for it can be made as
simply or elaborately as YOU like, and
yet always be genteel. 4 complete
con trast to this, | believe tnat an even
ing dress should be of the brightest and
most cheerful hue, the brighter the
shade and texture the better it looks.
Let q woman at such time make her.
self look as attractive as possible,
never forgetting, however, to first
study her face and form, and don that
which suits her particular style, but no
low-necked gowns should be worn. 1t
is very bad for the health, being the
cause OF great many deep-seated
colds, etc, but more than all, IL Is de-
to both men and women.
1t removes, in measure, the feeling
of respect between the sexes. The
custom should be abolished.
MARY +. SEYMOUR"
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
THE FIERY ORB DARKENED
WONDERFUL PHENOMENA OF THE
RECENT ECLIPSE OF THE SUN.
Tho United States Expedition Took Their
Views at q Station on the West Coast Of
Africa-Great Increase In Our Knovl-
edge Of the Sun-The Corona.

Africa-Great Increase In Our KnoVl-
edge of the Sun-Ths Corona.
Science has once more taken views Of sun
and moon at their conjunction, photograph
ing total eclipse and obtaining many fine
views of the much discussed corona. The
eclipse began at sunrise of Dec - Just south
of Hayti, described long curve eastward
and southwark to the island of st. Helena,
and thence northward again to its termina-
tion at Ras Awath, in eastern Africa. OF
course the partial obscuration extended much
farther, and the total little farther in the
ory, 50 to speak; but the above are the points
over which it swept from sunrise to sunset.
AS the atmospheric refraction is greatest
in the morning and evening when one must
view the sun near the horizon and conse-
quently through the greatest extent OF air)
and least in the middle of the day, it follows
that the middle course Of the eclipse would
have been the best place for a view, only
that place happened to be in the ocean, So
the United States expedition went to St
Paul de Loanda, the curious old Portuguese
town on the west coast of Africa, about 10
degs. south OF the equator, and most fortu-
nately December is in that latitude tie dri-
est month in the year-the month when
the wind blows pretty steadily from the
north after the long rainy season has ended.
Fortunately, one may say, for if the day
happens to be cloudy, all the costly prepara-
tion goes for nothing and the undevout as
tronomer Is indeed mad.
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
CARLOS SILVA.

Impatient people are beginning to com
plain that there has been enough travelling
and junketing and that the conference ought
to get down to business; but it may well be
replied that a conference which has been
near seventy years in coming into being
should have a great deal of latitude-and
that has been about the time of incubation
The history of it is quite curious.
1t seems but dream-yet it was but three
generations ago that Spain's dominions in
the New World spread on both sides OF the
equator far into the temperate zones; from 40
dsgs north latitude to nearly as far south lati-
tude; that is, from British America west of
the Mississippi to the present Patagonia.
By transfer all louisiana went TO France
and was bought by the United States, but
Spain still had unquestioned title to latitude
ladegs., the northern boundary of California.
One by one, in great masses, each large
ea0ugh for an empire, these provinces fell
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
ALEX. Z. SWEET.
A Israye Little Boy.

A little boy sat upon hole IN the sand on
the seashore. He had made the hole in the
sand with little shovel which his Uncle
John had given him. There was another
little boy who wanted 10 fost q ship
in the hole, because it was filed with water
The first little boy, whose name was Billy,
sat down on the hole 70 save 1t. The second
little boy shoveled sand over him. Like
another heroic Cassabianca, little Billy sss
there and held the hole. This accounts for
the pneumonia and the bill Of the undsy.
tAksr,
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
THE THREE AMERICAS.
THE PAM-AMERlCkN DELEGATES EN-
JOYlNG THEIR RECEPTION.

Royal Time-Important Changes Since
the Conference Convcned-Brazilian and
Central American Changes.
The Pan American conference bids fair to
rank in United States history as the event
Of greatest Importance in the year 1889. The
year has not, indeed, been very diversified
one in the United States, as except the fact
that a new administration came into power
and there were more rainy days in the Allan
tic states than for some decades, nothing un-
usual has occurred. So the conference has a
fine neutral background to show it of, and
may be the beginning of a new era in Ameri-
oan affairs
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
In Fine Voice.

Young Mr.. Waldo speaking Of Miss Wa
bash, who is at the pianoI-Your friend has
very strong voice, Miss Breezy, though
sweet. Her lower notes show remarkable
depth Of tone.
Miss Breezy IA rival belle,-Yes, Clara has
fine voice for crying clans up dark alley.
Are you lawn tennis:ng any this summer,
Mr.. Waldoi
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
A PORTUGUESE EXPLORER.
Serpa Pinto, Who Knows Africa Like .
Book.

Portugal is little, but she is extremely
plucky In proportion to her area, she has
the most extended coast line Of any country
in Europe Greece possibly excepted, and so
her great enterprises have all been on the
ocean. Once she rivaled England, and if the
present trouble between the two nations
grows into passage at arms, the smaller
country may prove no mean antagonist. 1t
is an important fact, too, that the Portuguese
have always shown more capacity for rapid
adaptation to tropical climates than other Eu-
ropeans, and have been remarkably success
full in dealing with the natives Of Africa,
where they have had important interests at
various times since the Fifteenth century.
The Portuguese were the first (of modern
people, to sail around the Cape of Good
Hope, as well as Cape Horn, and for nearly
a century thereafter Q437-l5S0 they domi-
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04

mated all the In
dian ocean and had
a monopoly of the
trad e of Africa.
They W ere t h 9
greatest navigat-
ors, explorers and
traders in Europe.
Great has bee II
Portugal's decline,
but h er patriots
have never ceased
to dream or her
statesmen to plan
and ope for a
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04
AN ORIENTAL NABOB.

NCE more the Shah
81 Persia Is travel.
ing over Europe
from one court to
another, accompanied
by a suite Of upwards
Of sixty persons. He
is a cheerful, old
fashioned tyran t,
whose manners and
customs are 30 hor-
rible that his visits
are as much Of .
mig htmare to the
Gar as they are to
Queen Victoria; but
The Ottawa free trader., 1890-01-04

As an Italian count Thomas 4. Edison il
striving to perfect device whereby the hand
organs Of a city can be worked from . CEN
tral ofice supplying electric power.