The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1890-09-05
THE STUDY OF FACES.
A Science Which Is Capable of Being Re-
duced to Fixed Rules.

duced to Fixed Rules.
Reverend John Kaspar Lavater, cit
izen of Zurich, was the first to prove
that physiognomy is science, which
can be reduced to fixed rules. In
series of remarkable essays, with many
Illustrations, he claims the possibility
of complete system, mental states be-
ing revealed by the occip:tal muscle.
and the rectus superior of the eyes,
Lavater was inspired with a genuine
love for the science, ranking no study
higher, since he says, "What a ray of
divinity in that countenance! Every
thing declares it to be a copy after a
Divine Original" Lavater himself is
large-minded, making many concessions
and finding in 'some faces, which be-
long to chameleon-souis, the possible
ties of what men might and ought to
be-" Zopyrus, detecting brutal quail
ties in the face of Socrates, was con-
firmed in his statement by the philoso-
pher himself. We read, as he admitted
that such had indeed been his traits in
early life, but that by effort he eradi-i
Gated them. Lavater instances many
well-known faces, among others that Of
Cicero, which he characterizes as mi
nous and intelligent" that of PlatAin
which he finds wisdom almost diviNK
and Brutus, in which he sees, ''unshakt,
tirmness." wisdom and probity" A.
clear to him in Marcus Aurelius, and he
discovers the father of poets" in
Homer's countenance. 81 have seen a
criminal with face like one of Guido's
angels" says one author. To this La
water we'll replies that ga man born with
happy disposition with delicate and ir-
ritable fibers, may plungeinto crime, and
yet be better than hundred others, who
pass for good, and who are incapable of
excess" Poets, in all ages and coun-
tries, have been believers in physiog-
nomy. Let us take testimony from them.
Herder speaks of the eyes as windows
of the SOUL" Shakespeare says, there's
no art to find the MISREPRESENTATION in
the face" Milton and Dryden are of
the same mind, as the former says,
''cruel his eye." and the latter sees
counsel" in the human countenance.
'Manly majesty safe in his 'front.' and
darted from his eyes, commanding all
he viewed we read in Gdipus. Aris-
totle, and in modern times our own EN-
erson, perceived in human countenances
traits resembling the brute creation.
Coarseness, cruelty, vanity and shallow
ness betray themselves, while refine
ment, culture, kindness, the spiritual
life will transform the most ordinary
features. Lavater became so skilled,
after years of study, that he could dis
tinguish the farmers from one part of
England from those of another, merely
by observation of the differences in their
faces. The modern student will find
this science a fascinating one. The
profiles of Dante, Savonarola and George
Eliot resemble each other. In the faces
of Shakespeare and Burns the forehead
and eyes express lofty intelligence con-
bined with poetic sensibility. In Shell
ley's broad brow and feminine beauty we
recognize the rare and sensitive spirit
that dWelt within, even as seen in the
countenance of our own beloved Haw-
thorne. Had Cleopatra's nose beeh,1 a.;
different shape, says one writer, the for
tunes of the world would have been
changed. The beauty of Helen was the
cause of the Trojan war. The face Of
Mary of Scotland won for her many
friends, and made the ill-favored Queen
of England her lifelong and vindictivo
foe.-Anna Olcott Commelin, in Open
Court.