Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1890-11-15

and set in ice-water, the proportions being,
after eleven trials, % per cent. and LIS
per cent. Thus it may be seen that when
the milk was diluted with water there was
contained in the skim-milk nearly six
times as much fat as when the milk was
set in the creamer in ice-water, or in other
words, while over 50 per cent. of the fat in
the whole milk was recovered in the
cream under the cold deep-setting process,
but little over 69 per cent. was recovered
by the diluted process. With warm water
ten trials gave LII per cent. of fat in
skim-milk, or but little less than the cold
water, in the skim-m.lk, while the milk
showed also tendency to sour. The
temperature in these trials was from 590
to 720.
Five churn tests were made-two of
cream from milk set in creamer, In ice
| water; two of cream from milk to which
| an equal weight of cold water had been
| added, and set in air, and one from milk
set in shallow pans. The two first were
churned at temperature of IS degrees,
! the second two at a temperature of 81 and
| the last at temperature of &c. The result
| was that from IA pounds of milk set in
ice-water 5.35 pounds of butter were OBJ
tanned, or a pound of butter for 21.31
| pounds of milk; from 1908 pounds of
| diluted milk ouly 275 mounds of butter
were obtained, or pound from 1854
| pounds of milk-showing loss Of butter
| by the diluted process of 1.94 pounds per
| 100 pounds of milk, as compared with
deep-setting in ice-water. The average
per cent. of fat left in the skim-milk
uYaAar tho uarta1
greatly. The experiments demonstrate
that ice or very cold water is an important
factor in regulating the percentage of fat
| obtained. Philadelphia Record.
FERTILIZERS AND WHEAT
To an inquirer who desires to know
| whether or not commercial fertilizers will
| injure the ground or not, writer in the
| National Stockmdn replies: ''This may de-
! pend upon the kind of fertilizers he may
use and the manner he uses them. We
| have used bone meal for wheat for several
years with such favorable results that we
shall continue its use. do not think
there will be any injury to the soil if Il
| proper system of rotation of crops is prac-
ticed. Have good crop of clover every
third or fourth year, and no one need fear
| INJURY JTOn any Telidule urdHu Vi leTtll-
izers. We use the bone meal because its
effect is more lasting than that of most of
the phosphates. This is especially desir-
able to secure a strong growth of clover,
and to secure this is strong point in favor
| of the fertilizers. About 200 pounds per
acre is the usual amount applied. For
good land a smaller quantity would do. A
neighbor applied but 80 pounds per acre to
a small plot and derived beneficial results
The Ohio Experiment Station failed to
discover any profit in commercial fertiliz-
ers upon land that yielded twenty-five
bushels of wheat per acre without extra
cultivation. The effect afterward was not
reckoned, however"
TO DESTROY sTUMPs.
The Scientific american gives two modes
of destroying stumps: ~ Bore hole l
inch IN diameter, IS inches deep, into the
center of the stump, and put in l ounce Of
saltpeter, filling up with water and plug
ging up the hole. This should be done in
the fall. In the spring the plug is to be
taken out, half gill of kerosene poured
into the hole and set on fire. 1t will burn
out the stump to the farthest root. (2)
In the fall bore hole inch in diameter,
10 inches deep, into the center of the
stump, and put in half pound of vitriol
and plug very tight. In the spring the
whole stump and root, through all their
ramifcations, will be so rotted as to be
easily removed.
WHEN To HANDLE BEES.
A correspondent of the Io,ua Homestead
says; "Never work with bees when there
= fr,,,a,I,,,rx ~ IL. i
ing a drouth, or when they are idle and
the flow of honey is slack During the
hight of the active beginning of breeding,
in fruit-bloom, their busiest work on white
clover, linden, buckwheat and fall flowers,
is the proper time to handle and work
bees. All work, as near as it can possibly
be done, should be put off until then. Such
times can be told by the condition of the
bloom, and the way the bees themselves
behave. In the evening at such times
there is loud and grateful hum that be-
speaks on their part satisfaction, content
ment and happiness. This hum is the
sweetest music to the bee-keeper's ear, and
we consider it the rarest pleasure to sit on
hive during twilight and listen to it."
"L1QUID MANURE"
Every garden ought to have its leach
barrel for the manufacture of liquid
manure. Manure in the soil is good, but
the application of it in liquid form pro-
duees more satisfactory results, and none
of it is wasted, as a good deal of that which
is worked into the soil must be. 1t is an
easy matter to fit up leach. Take any
old barrel and set it on sloping platform
This platform should be about one foot
high-high enough to allow slipping pail
under it to catch the liquid in. This plat
form should be larger than the bottom of
the barrel, with cleats nailed on the sides
to prevent the liquid from running off.
The front of it ought to be sloped, like an
obtuse angled letter V, with cleats fastened
to it, but not coming quite together at the
point. These conduct the manure to the
opening left at the point where it falls into
the pail placed for its reception. The bot
tom of the barrel should be filled with
stones, brick or pottery, to keep the
manure from packing down solidly and
clogging up the holes which should be
made for the escape of the liquid. On top
Of this drainage fill in manure from the
COW stables and pound it down WELL Add
water slowly at first to allow it to get
thoroughly soaked through peIore leachlng
begins. When you notice that it begins
to trickle out at the bottom of the barrel
add it in greater quantities. That which
first runs off will be very strong. 1t will
be about the color of thick coffee. Dilute
it until it has an amber look. This will
be quite strong enough for safety. Too
strong liquid manure is worse than none
at all. When you use it apply close to the
roots of the plants. 1t is too precious to be
wasted by putting it where there are no
roots to make use of it. Twice a'week is
often enough to apply it, This is the best
of fertilizers for pot plants.
FARM NOTES.
If you pack butter for future use cover