Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1890-05-16
AGRICULTURAL,

40" 'hal tue teams VIII De Dusy IL 10
important that the harness fits the horse.
calls and sores on the horse may be avoid
ed By giving some attention to the harness.
Dry soils should receive fat cultivation.
and damp soils should be ridged The
object, in the first place, 10 to save as
much of the moisture as possible, and,
in the second, to get rid ofths excess.
Variation of the food promotes appetite.
All animals become disgusted with q same
ness of food. When food is refused tempt
the animals with something else. In this
manner sickness and loss Of flesh may be
avoided, while the cost need not be
necessarily increased.
While the weather is dry the roots of
plants viii quickly dry if exposed. 1t Is
best to pour little water around the roots
of plants that are transplanted, as it will
prevent many of them from willing. If
the ground below the surface is quite damp
this precaution is not necessary.
Do not plant corn on the same land that
you grew a crop of corn upon last year. A
rotation of crops is best. When the
location for your corn is changed every
year there is less liability Of attack from
rust, and the soil is not compelled to per
form the same duty twice in succession.
To get full crop of potatoes use plent!
of manure or fertilizer. If manure, let j.
be tlne and well rotted and apply lteralls
in the rows. If fertilizer be used it shoul,
be applied in quantity to push the plant
vigorously and to enable the crop to pre-
duce as much as possible. 1t does not pa.
to be too economical in the use of manur
or fertilizer.
Bees, according to Professor A. J. Cooi
are fond of salt. For this reason they a.
often seen lowering about urinals This
a sufficient hint for the bee-keeper to kee.
shallow dish of salt and water where IL
bees can get access to it. Probably clefT
salt put near them under cover woui
draw moisture enough during wet wealth.
and dewy nights for all practical purpose
When the farmer churns his milk al
sells butter he does not deprive his soil f
fertility. The butter-milk may be fed is
swine and poultry with profit. but VIII,
meat and eggs are sold the fertility gors
also. Nothing robs the soil faster tha
selling milk, and unless the farmer Pr
cures fertilizers or buys large proporti
of bran and linseed meal his farm will d.
teriorate in quality.
A retired plumber thus gives point in
the Sanitary Engineer for the relief OF
| householders: "Just before retiring at
night pour into the clogged pipe enough
liquid soda lye to fill the trap" or bent
part of the pipe. Be sure that no water
runs into it until the next morning. Dur
ing the night the lye will convert all the
offal into soft soap, and the first current of
water in the morning will wash it av ay
and clear the pipe clean as new."
1t is thought that in the agricultural dis
tricts botany should be study in the pub
lie schools, and that one day in the week
should be given up to lectures on soils,
| plants, breeds of stock, cultivation, fertii-
izers, ETC. Such studies are not uninterest-
| ing to children who are accustomed to the
farm, and they would quickly comprehend
the lectures from the aid impaired by
everyday experiences. No doubt SUCH
| studies would be of much benefit to the
coming generation and lead to better
| systems of farming.
TREATMENT OF YOUNG FRUIT TREES.
Much depends upon how the young trees
are managed the first year after they are
planted. Severe cutting back is beneficial
to the peach tree, and cases are known i'll
which old trees have been induced to make
new growth and continue bearing, even
when nearly all gone, by cutting all OF the
old wood away above the trunk. Low,
stocky trees stand the winds better, and
the fruit is easily picked, but the cultivator
cannot be used to advantage as among tall
trees. The failure to cut back severely
the first year, however, often results in but
little new wood, and poor start for the
young trees, which should be guarded
against, as the future of the tree depends
upon its progress during the first season.
The greater the work done by the roots
the more rapid the growth of the tree; but
there is such thing as giving the roots
more than can be done. By cutting back
the young tree at the time of setting it
out, and allowing but few shoots to
grow, the power of the roots will be
b NJ fha will
be oYerta1ed, the tree will at once begin to
grow, and grow rapidly, each shoot push
ing forward as if to excel the Others; but
when too much top is left on, each shoot of
the many will draw upon the roots and the
result will be that little growth will be
made, while the tree will be slow in COM
ing into bearing later on. By securing as
much as possible the first year the future
shape and trimming OF the tree can be done
to better advantage, and this is effected
only when then young tree is allowed to
grow from limited number of shoots, ana
when it is cut back SO as not to impose too
much duty on the roots
The young orchard should be kept clean
the first year, and the more frequently it is
cultivated the better. Grass should not be
allowed in a peach orchard at any time,
though on rich soils grass is sometimes
grown in pear and apple orchards, but only
after the first year. Unrotted manure Is
too heating for young trees, and the best
manure is that which has been composted.
What is better, however, is an application
of wood ashes every spring, applied liberal
ly, after the first year, with 100 pounds OF
superphosphates in the fall. Young trees
SO treated will thrive, provided the very
important work of destroying insects of ali
kinds is carefully attended to.
WaIkad cross the River in a