davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
JAMES DALEY.


To the Afflicted: About four years ago
/ noticed i small sore on my tongue which
gradually enlarged TO the size of a half dol
lar. tried in vain with seven different
doctors TO cure it, but all to no purpose. /
was tortured beyond all account with their
strong medicines, burnings, etc. | heard
Of DR.. DarTin's cures by electricity. have
been under his treatment six weeks Now
all traces Of it have disappeared, except
scar, which any one can see by calling on
me at my home, No. 10 Carruthers street,
South Portland. MRS GEO. BERKEL.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
UNION MINERS QUIT.
Labor Troubles Begun in the
Ceur d'Alene District.
RAILROAD STRIKES coLLApslno


SPOKANE FALLS, Dec. f2-f1pecfaL1 Word
vas received here tonight that the Tiger mine at
burk, Idaho. IN cGur d'Aleue, has been shut
uoEn nnce Thursdsy on account Of a strike
among the union miners It n feared that there
VIII be trouble In the Poorman and other large
mines tomorrow. The union Is Of recent
organization In that camp, and the
strike was pfecfpftated by a number Of
union miners from Butte, who tried 70 get work
on the Poormans but finding that IL was employ
ing scAhs organized the strike. eentering IL on
the Tiger mine, where they induced the union
men at work TO demand the discharge of all
non-union men who would not agree 10 come
into the union The non union men largely out
number the union men In the camp, and the
mineowners wiz probably stand firm.
Nothing viii be done on the Tiger until Super
infsndent Giidden, who Is supposed 10 be on the
Sound, can be heard from.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
An Outrage on the Deacon.
Texas Siftings.

You appear TO be excited, deacon;
what's the matter2"
Deacon-That was . great outrage at the
opera-house last night.
Nv hat was il? | didn't hear about il. y
y gu We seen them pictures about town
OF ballet dancers In short skirts?''
Yes"
Well, they were 70 appear in a play and
i went 70 see it, so that | might warn our
young people against them"
plain of2''
They didn't appear. The mayor
woGldn't Let emp
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Rev. Mr. Sloan I'm the Asylum.

TACOMA, Dec. i2.-lspecial- l-Rev. George
Sloan, OF Olympia, who last evening
started the sensational report anent
the sinking OF the steamer r. j. Pot
ter, was today adjudged insane and sent 10 the
sfefiacoorn asylum lie seemed yery happy
when arraigned before Judge Beverly. On being
told BY the court that be would be sent 10 the
asylum he said with much elation ''Weii I'd
rather so there where IL doesn't cost anything
than 10 go 10 81 day hotel He In perfectly
harmless now, but ii Is said he has been seen 70
knock down three men when enrnged
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
CalifornIa FruIt shinment..

SAN FRANCISCO. Dec. 1.-THE Southern Pa
cinc Company today completed its estimates OF
fruits and vegetables shipped east over its lines
from January to December !. Canned goods
shipments were 3,SS3 carloads, or about 900
tons; rasinS, ss7 carloads or about 10 so tons:
dried fruits, 1.5So carloads or about 1880 tons;
green fruits, 2e2s carloads, OF 81 l35 tons: yege
tables. ZIG cars. or ii.625 tons. The total OF
California products is 1917 carloads, or about
Rl 6ii tons, decrease from % TO 100 per cent in
each branch over last year
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Sale of Wa.llington Relics.

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. l2.--At last evenings sale
OF Washington relics the Indies OF the Mt Yer
non Association bought Henry Horne's "Loose
Hints, Edinburg, i7S7, with washington's auto
graph on the title page for SIS: Eeryedy's a'Med-
itatioBs,v 10. with four autographs Of Mary
Washington, the generals mother, for 81. ssThe
Female Spectator, three volumes, was pur-
chased for senator Hearst, Of California, for Sie0
volume Of Martha washingtnns Bible was
sold for so. A book containing two signatures
Of Martha Washington and the family record Of
the Lewises. and Martha Hashinzf0ns fan OF
ivory, steel and iaee, were sold TO John Cable OF
New York. for SD
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

farlanc- Pfelsfer DUNCAN syndicate, which, u -
alleged, wrecked the Bank Of America and the
American Life Insurance Company, was arTeste1
today on warrant sworn out ~ me asstsIcs
attorney, and IN default Gf s1e<oB bail was com.
United. Warrants are also out Tor the arrest OF
other members Of the syndicate. but they nave
not get BEEN found. The warrants Charge re-
hypothecation Of stocks, ard conspiracy 10
cheat and defraHd dcposifors and others inter
ested- Hundreds Of people lost their al BY the
ruin Of the two Institutions.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
MissIssippi Steamer sinL.

NEW ORLEANS, Dec I2-The Anchor Line
steamer City Of Baton Rouge. from St Louis.
struck snsg near Hermitage Landing this after.
noon and sunk Two unknown deck passengers
are known 10 have been drowned Ii il rerortetl
that six or eight passengers taken on board on
the way down here are lost, but this is not an
thentleaied- The steamer was valued at $4,000,
and the cargo af Ssfs3fso
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
THE NEWARK OUT ALL NIGHT.
New Cruiser Makes a Trial Trip In q
Storm and Docs Not Return.

LEwEs, Del, Dee. 12.-ispecial 1.-The steel
cruiser Newark got under way this morning az
90clOck, and went 70 sea for her official trial
trip In the face OF biting northwester. out
side the cape the sea rose mountains high
and iashed itself inso biiiows OF foam, The
Newark stuck her nose into Il, and went TO sea
as though she meant business. 4 very heavy
sea was rolling outside the breakwater tonight,
and the new vessel viii certainly have test as
70 her sesgotBg qualities a. well as to her
speed. At daTK she had not returned, and soase
little anxiety was felt as to her whereabo
night when she was only required 10 steam for
four consecutive hours, Is question asked By
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

WICHITA, Dec. i2.-The following dispatch was
sent from here last night to Chief Mayes at Table
quah, ]. T.: 81 viii see Williamson & Blair's
s2nooo.00o for the strip and go sI5OOo,0O better
bold n royal flush. send deed and abstract to
Wichita national bank. w. II. LEVY" Levy il
acting for company organized here within the
last few days that is in earnest about the pnr-
chase OF the Cherokee strip. 1t is not known
positively whether they are acting entirely on
their own judgment and capital or not
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Bayard's Hermit. brother Dead.

SAN ANTONIO, Tex. Dec. ~. T. Ravard. 8
mysterious hermit. Of Kennel county Tex died
yesterday. He had been 4 resident of that see
tioa for 1fteea years, and claimed 10 De a
brother of ex-Secretary Bsyard
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
La4iness the Foe OF ORIGINALITY.

The great enemy 20 individualiSrn is lazi.
ness, and those who know anythinr Of
human frAilties viii, am sure. bear md
out when | say that mental laziness IS
Tar more common and IS. more difficult 70
overcome than that OF tie body. Ii is 50
muck easier 10 sccept dogmatie teaching.
and TO shift the responsibility Of our views
upon others rather than 10 concentrate
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Deafness Cur.a n Ten s1,nu,e.

A, 2. Hawn, OF Skagit, Wash, reading
Of the many miraculous cures Of deafness
made by DR.. DARN in few minutes, and
coming TO Portland to meet his wife, who
had been East on visit, concluded TO con-
suit the doctors in reference to his deaf
ness, which had troubled him for some
time. He took their treatment and was
cured in ten minutes, and was happy in
deed; also was happy beyond measure in
meeting his wife safe after weeks travel
over the treacherous railroads, and put her
under the doctors treatment for various
diseases.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
n.nk.r pre,tyman Indicted.

CHICAGO. Dec. l2.-The grand jury this after
noon indicted Banker Prestyman, whose bank
went to the wall short time ago, and also his
cashier, johnson, ON charge Of enhancement,
snf car,iases for their arrest were at once issued
Tho Indictment Is for the receipt OF money from
deyasifors after the insolvency of the bank was
appaIeni Prettyman was subsequently taken
srftfa srastoiy
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Pork Packing in Mexico.

KANSAS CITY, Dec, IA party of Mexicans
and Americans from Mexico are here studying
up the pork packing business One of them in
an interview said the Mexican government
would undoubtedly pass bin excluding Amer
lean pork products, IN retaliation for the McKin-
ley bill. In anticipation OF this the gentlemen are
studying up the business In order to start the in
dgs.ry in Mexico when the law is enacted
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
nar,nr nro.. Fully Recovered.

CHICAGO. Dec. ls.-li was reported on the
Board OF Trade this morning that Russia, in Sd
vance OF the Bank of England, had decided 10
deposit her funds with the reorganiEed Barring
Bros This is regarded by brokers IS most
significant indication OF national confidence
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
DEAFNESS FIFTEEN YEARS.
Cured in Seven nfinutes by Electricity
Mr.. HawB. OF skagit, Cured In Ten Min
utes by the Same Method-Cancer of the
Tongue Yields to the Same Treatment

Editor 0regonian: For fifteen years /
have been deaf-so / could hear but very
little. Could not hear the clergyman speak
in church unless close 20 the speakers
stand; in fact. could hear no ordinary con-
yersation. | came TO DR.. Darrin for elgc-
tric treatment. He cured me in seven min
utes, so / can hear as well as ever IN my
life. J live at the New York Hotel, Front
and 3 streets, Portland.
JAMES DALEY.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
King Kalakaua Attend. MIlI,arr nrIu.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. liking Kelakaua of
the Hawaiian islands reviewed the second hri
gade Of the California National Guard NJ the
Mechanics pavilion tonight. The king pss &C.
compsnied by & number of army and navy off,
Gers, including Brigadier- General John Gihbon
and Acting keaE-Adniral George Brown.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

SAX Francisco, Dec. I2-Arrtve6-Stats of
Caliiornia, Portland vie AssoTia- DepSrscsi-
Bkn Retriever. Port Hadioek. ClearsG-Sr-
lzkme, Pert Townsend; Wh hk Bounding Bill
low. Whaling
arrisalS-Str Emiiy, Gees hay. sslled-Str
Iskms, Port Townsend
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Death of a Noted scientist.

wAsHISGToS Cry, Dec. l2.-Infornation has
been received here OF the death OF Pros. Rav.
mondi, a leading scientist and ANTIQUARIAN az
South America. whose loss will be deeply felt nv
the scientific word lie was an italian by birth
but went 70 Peru alter ne revolution Of iss9
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

BAN FRANCISCO Dec. l2-Forecast till p. m.
Saturday, for Washington and Oregon: Light
rains, except fair weather at Portland and Olym-
pia: cooler, except nearly stationary tempera-
ture at Baker City and Olympia.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Taeoma Clerks Wand shertcr Hour..

INDIANAPOLIS. Dec. ia.-Wm. E. Elliott, who
has been twenty years postal CLERK, was arrest
tonight for rcbbIRg the mails
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Firteen-year-o,d Murderer to HANG

CHEYENNE, Wy, Dec. i2-Cha-les Miller. the
lS-yearolG boy who murdered Ross Fishhaush
and Wallie Emerson, of ST. Joe. while stealing a
ride in box ear. has been found guilty. OF ta;lr-
der in the hrst degree. with the penalty OF death
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
The Attendance Was Small,

Houston, Tex, Dec. IA white Republican
convention met here yesterday in accordance
with call. Addresses were made advocating
supremacy of the white man over the negro.
and holding that the government must be by
white men and not by negroes. The attendance
waa GmaIl
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

CHICAGO, Dec. f2-The house Of the noted
Board OF Trade man. Robert Lndebloom, has
been dcspoiled OF $500 worth of diamonds
Though kept secret until tonight the robbery
occurred Tuesday evening While the family
was at dinner, g man climbed the porch and
entered through an open window. A discharged
servant Is suspected
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Secretary Mobiles Brother Dead.

CeLrNBUs, O, Dec. i2-Henvy c. Noble. a
prominent attorney and brother Of Secretary
Noble OF the interior department, died this even
inc
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

WASHINGTON CRY, Dec. i2-rhe amount 81
silver offered az the treasury today was ili6aG
ounces. The amount purchased was 76oooe. 8,
s. ga 10 81 u59
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
shtpnln~ Inteuirence.

TACOMA, Dee. l2-iSpseisl The Retail
Clerks Unlan this evening decided 70 favor
closing al stores az u n. after January = lSsl
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

RIO JASgIRo. Dec. G.-Ihe statement thst the
.avarr,rept had authorized the issue of 5 loan
"a Fssaoanooo miireis was erroneous 1t su-
thor;xed new issue Of osnk notes 70 the
nominal value OF eoe,0co uilrels. against 10000
IN gold
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13
Wi tn good cause we're

With good cause We re
somewhat elated over
the success this season
Of these Double
Breasted Sack Suits
viii en- our Wholesale
house have supplied
for US. We've had no
ambi ton to offer you
the Lowest Priced
Sui is in the market,
for most Of them We
CONSIDER UNWORTHY OF
your attention, but
starting at medium
grade goods, where
stability is assured,
and running up to the
best quail ities, we
have wi thin this range
furnish qualities
viii CHI recently a very
gentlemanly customer
declared fitted and
pleased him better
than goods made to
measure
We haven't copy
righted the exclusive
right to truthful
clothing advertising,
but it's such a rarity
someone has suggested
We might do so. Be
that as it may, If you
come here for. good,
honest, wel1-made and
trimmed Suits or Over
coats at Fair, Reason
able Prices you'll
not be disappointed.
ssH. P. & Co. 80
name on a garment is
an insurance policy
guaranteeing you sat-
iSfaction.
e@oM5RaNacNW
The Largest Clothing
Dealers in the World,
SOO-8O2-8o4 Front ST.
Corner Columbia.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

Drs. Darrin can be consulted free at 70Jl
Washington street, Portland, where they
treat all chronic, acute and paiyate dis
eases.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

Bank-wreeking Syndicate IN trouble.
p,.r,snxtpHrs. pee. la--Cieerge +. wosk who
vss the master mind Of the weES Of tie Mac
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1890-12-13

complete assortment Genmeus Coats Smoking Jackets
VIVA, a
"h" likely TO please gentleman a the hoas.
q large assortment FROM. $50
IN ock large assortment of Neckwea SIX ban
Aerchieis Auiners and Gloves carefully selected.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1890-05-06
THE CABINET SYSTEM In HAWAII.

From the very beginning of Ha-
waiian constitutional history, Eng
lish and American precedents have
both contributed to the shaping Uf
our institutions. Neither element
has excluded the other, and until
the present time they have not
been found incorgruous. The ex-
PLANTATION of the fact that our Con-
stitutions have borrowed from both
of these sources instead of from one
alone, is not far to seek. American
influence has always been predomi-
nant here, but it had to deal with
a political factor essentially un-
American-viz., a monarchical
form of government. Graft Ameri-
can political ideas upon mon
archy, and you have the Hawaiian
Constitution.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1890-05-06
KR. BUSH'S PRINCIPLES AND PLAT
FORM.

Mr.. Bush's paper the Leo Wed,
nesday, gives what purports to be q
RAINING report of speech made
by him at Koolau, where he is
now running as a candidate for the
Legislature. Among other state
ments which be is said to have
made, is the following declaration
of principles, which he promises
the electors of KooIau that he will
try to carry into effect if elected.
The principles are worthy OF
Bush; and Bush is worthy of the
principles.
l. To abolish the new Constitu-
Ion.
?. To stop all further immigra-
ton of laborers.
3. To reduce the property quail
fication of electors of Mobiles.
4. To declare all private fish
cries free to the public.
). To abolish the labor contract
system.
6. To discharge all foreigners in
the employ of the Government who
are rebels. Mr. Bush classes all
persons as rebels who oppose Bush
and Wilcox).
= To turn loose all lepers at Ka-
lawao and Kalaupapa, except those
who prefer to remain there.
s. To turn out the present Board
Of Health, the correct name of
which is ''the Board of Death"
9. To abolish all personal taxes.
(Road, school and polll.
10. To reduce the taxes on lands
which are not being worked.
IL. To give the Crown lands to
native Hawaiians, upon the expira-
ton of existing leases, but to give
none to foreigners.
y. To repair the roads and
bridges around the entire island of
Oahu, including the Nuuanu Pail.
l3. To refuse to sanction any
illegal measures proposed by the
Cabinet, besides many other things
which L will speak of when [ get in
the Legislature.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1890-05-06
The LEPROSY QUESTION AND THE
NATIONAL PARTY.


Some of the opposition organs
waXed exceeding indignant during
the recent campaign at the charge
made that the Nationals were max
ing political capital out of the strict
segregation policy of the existing
n administration, and were promising
the natives that if they were sue
cessful the lepers would be turned
loose again.
The charge was denied, and the
reply was made that nothing of the
kind had been or would be done.
And now comes Mr.. Bush-the
irrepressible-who with r. W. Will
cox forms the backbone Of the Ma
tional party.and who with the assist
ance of that gentleman will dictate
Its policy whether the others like it
or not-and on the public platform
at 8 meeting of the electors of Koo-
lau, as a candidate for election on
the National ticket, formally makes
declaration of principles which he
solemnly promises to do his best to
make law, if elected.
Principle number seven is that he
viii endeavor "To turn loose all
lepers at Kalawao and Kalaupapa,
except those who prefer to remain
there"
Principle number eight is that he
viii endeavor "To turn out the pre-
sent Board of Health, the correct
name of which is 'the Board of
Death
The Crowley Wilcox method of
evading the consequences of njudi-
cious speeches by lying out of it,
viii not answer in this case, because
Mr. Bush has first revised and
pruned his declaration and pub
lished it in his own paper.
Here is clear cut issue. The
National party formally, definitely,
and publicly, through one of its
leading representatives, places itself
on record as being in favor of oust
ing the Board of Health for no
other reason than that it has faith
fully executed the segregation law,
and in cold blood proposes to turn
1900 Iepers loose on this commun-
ity, and it asks for votes to carry
this policy into execution.
Is it possible that all of the elect
The Hawaiian gazette., 1890-05-06
THE CANDIDACY OF MR.. BUSH.

In the attitude of the National
Reform Parry to Mr.. Bush we have
an edifying repetition of the situa-
ton before the election, with, how
ever, one important difference. Be-
fore the 9Th of February, the Ma
tional Reform members were politi-
cal expe Giants. They were only
candidates then-candidates who
hoped to be elected by virtue of
their association with, and counten-
ancing of, this same Nh. Bush who
is now running again in Koolau.
There was an appreciabie motive
then which prevented their dis
claiming the compromising alli-
ance. That motive does not exist
now. Why do they not come out
and condemn the incendiary and
demagogic appeals of their political
associate? Have they no motive
for doing so? Surely, yes. Be-
yond a doubt thcy feel the connec-
tion to be thoroughly uncomfort-
able one. 1t compromises them al
most beyond hope of recovery.
Does anyone suppose that Mr.. E.
G. Macfarlane, for instance, finds
Mr.. Bush's political diatribes any
less revolving to his common sense
and appreciation of the fitness of
things than they are to the most
orthodox member of the Reform
Party? The mere doubt suggests
a most injurious inuendo. A con-
demnation of Mr.. Bush just at this
juncture would help also to per-
suade the community that the de-
cent and intelligent minority of the
queerly named National Reform
Party will insist on voice in its
counsels. 1t is the doubt as to
this which casts on the party a
shade likely to last until that party
itself is nothing but memory.
Why do not the respectable mem
bers of the organization condemn
their demagogic brethren of all
colors, and SO lay the foundation to
a share of the public confidence ?
Probably because they are
to do so. The question is
not without difficulty, and we pro-
pound this explanation only pro-
visionally, as the most likely solu-
ton which the facts in our possess
sion admit. Who can search out
the secrets of the heart ? Human
nature has not changed much since
Job was written. He would no
more have been able to made head
Or tail out of them than we are.
And We cannot pretend ourselves,
to having much of Gn idea as to
what goes on inside of them.
One thing is certain-they are
between the horns of dilemma.
Not to repudiate Mr.. Bush, is to
perpetuate a base humbug and
hypocrisy. To repudiate him is to
be guilty of an equally base in
as we'll as to make an
open confession. Our friends of the
National Reform Party are be- ]
tween the devil and the deep sea.
At present they cannot pluck up
the courage to confess. They pre-
Ter to "cheek it out"
The Hawaiian gazette., 1890-05-06

For Sale by all retail chemists and Wholesale
druggists and dealers in medicine throughout the
world. CUTIcURA, so cents per box, large boxes,
INC Soar, 15 cents CUTIcURA REsoLvENT,
per bottle.
PREPARED By THE
The Hawaiian gazette., 1890-05-06

ed representatives of that party
are so tied up in the party leading
strings that they have not the in
dependence to declare themselves
opposed to this fiendish proposition?