The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1890-12-26
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.
Good coal miners are scarce.

-bOOu COdl dIO oSGlSO'
Toronto has an eight hour league.
New York has Hebrew Painters
Union.
In Victoria, Australia, bricklayers
and masons work but seven sad hall
hours per day.
st. Paul plumbers want law to
prevent incompetent: men from engag'
Ing in the business.
"A shoe irm in Macon, Ga, has been
conducting business at the one stand for
sixty years.
The largest factory in the world de-
voted exclusively to rubber shOemaking
has boon dedicated in Woonsocket, r. ].
The nest of the hornet is the first
article of paper manufacture that ever
saw tho light of day. The hornet takes
the wood of tree, grinds it assiduously
into pulp, and forms shoots of paper, out
of which he constructs his nest. AL
though, as you can see, the paper is
gray in it's present condition, it is I'M
doubtedly paper, and of the finest kind.
MIR. Berthelot has proved by expert
mcnts that there is no foundation for
the belief that the earth absorbs and re-
tains more carbonic oxide than other
gases, an hypothesis offered to explain
several cases of asphyxiation which
have occurred when miners went into
level shortly after an explosion. -En-
gineering and Mining Journal.
Nickel is modern metal. 1t was
not in use nor known of till l715. 1t has
now largely taken the place of silver in
plated ware, and as alloy with steel it is
superior to any other metal, for it is not
onlv non-corrodible ITSELF but it trans
fers the same quality to steel; even
when combined as low as five per cent.
it prevents oxidation. -Brooklyn Citi-
zen.
The census reports 400, 900 acres I'M
der vino culture, with 800, eco acres bear
ing. The value of vineyards and wine
cellars is estimated at Sl55 600, 900. CAL
ifornia has 10000 acres. In New York
there is q vast area of vineyards about
Lake Keuka and Canandaigua Lake;
much wine is produced, but most Of the
grapes are sold for food. California puts
seven-eighths of her grapes into wine.
Nearly 40, 600, 600 gallons OF wine will be
made this year in the United States.
In each respiration an adult inhales
one pint of air A healthy man respires
sixteen or twenty times minute. or
10000 a day; child twenty-five or
thirty-five times minute. While stand
ing the adult respiration is twenty-five
times minute; while lying down thir.
teen. The superficial surface of the
lungs, i. o., of their alveolar space, is
200 square yards. The amount of air
respirod every twenty-four hours is
about ten thousand quarts.
Herald.
An English scientist says: THE
student of nature is generally, il not
universally, supposed to be the very in
carnation of peace, and well-developed
organ of combativeness is considered
| decidedly out of place in happy Arcadia.
Nevertheless, the earth is one vast
battle-ground whore all things living
struggle for the survival of the fittest
that great and memorable law, from
the influence of which even the proud
race of man is not exempt Among the
beasts of the field the law of force pre-
walls. The finest specimens of each
GLASS SURVIVE, anu INC Wedker go 10 Inc
wall, or, perchance, into the stomachs
! Of their stronger brethren"
DR.. hansen is rapidly preparing for
his expedition to the North Pole. He
will start from Norway in February
next, in the ship of 10 tons burden
shat has been specially built for him.
The vessel is so constructed that she
can not be crushed by the ice, but if
nipped the foes will simply force her
out Of the water on top of the ice. DR..
Nansen is provisioning his vessel for
five years, and a dozen men will go with
him to share his good luck or tragic
death. He thinks it will take about
three years to drift from the islands of
New Siberia across the North Pole ard
down the other side to the southern end
of Greenland The expedition, which
is carried out by the aid of King Oscars
government and the munificence Of Mr..
Dickson, will cost over 500, 900.