Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1890-07-10
FARM AND GARDEN.
HISTORY OF THE OK wARBLE OR
BOT FLY.
How IL Operates as q Parasite, Its Eff
fects on the Animal, Its Beef and
Hide-Mode eofTreatment.


fects on the Animal, Its Beef AM
Hide-Mode ofTreatment.
Newspaper Bulletin Of the Ohio Agricultural E1
pertinent statiOn,I
In a recent bulletin. Of the Ohio Ex
pertinent station. Mr.. Clarence NJ
Weed discussed the injuries and life O
the Ok Marble or Bot fly. He say
that y recent careful estimate from
statistics gathered by the Farmers Re
view, of Chicago, Ills, indicates tha
fifty-six per cent. of the cattle in Ohio
are attacked by the Ok Marble or Bo
fly (Hypoderma bovis), and that tn,
average loss on hides due to the injur
les of this insect amounts to one-third
their total value, while the added los,
due to the injury to the beef for food
amounts to an average of 81 per animal,
Statistics gathered from ten of the prin.
cipaI stock raising states Of the Mfssis-
sipi Valley, showed the lowest per cent
of infestation to be thirty-three in Wis.
cOnsin, and the highest seventy-three,
In Illinois. The loss indicated by these
results has been summarized by the ed
itors of Insect Life as follows:
The amount of this loss can be better
appreciated by reproducing in condens-
ed form the approximate estimate of the
loss on the hides of cattle received at
the Union Stock Yards, of Chicago, dur
ing the grubby season, which includes
the months from January to June.
Using the reports by states above given
as basis it is estimated that fifty per.
cent. of the cattle received are grubby.
The average value of a hide is put at
$3.50; and while from the report referr-
ed to, one-third value is the usual de-
duction for grubby hides, in this esti-
mate 81 is deducted or less than one
third. The number of cattle received
in 1889 for the six months indicated
was 1886 ,026, giving loss on the fifty
per cent. of grubby animals, of $667, ,513.
When to this is added the loss from de-
preciated value and lessened quantity
of the beef, the amount for each infest-
ed animal is put at $5, Indicating tot
al loss on these animals from the attack
of the fly of So 1897 ,565.
LIFE-HIsToRY OF THE FLY.
During the spring or early summer
one may often find along the middle of
the backs of cattle, just beneath the
skin hard lump, usually having in the
center an opening, which sometimes is
less of a running sore. These
are the "warbles," and the lump is
caused by the presence of whitish or
grayish maggot. Early in summer
these maggots wriggle out of the war;
bles, tail foremost, and fall to the
ground, where, under such protection
as may be at hand, they shorten for
and soon change to the pupa
or chrysalie state. About month ia
ter they emerge as adult flies, and the
females deposit eggs on the backs of
cattle. The eggs hatch into grubs that
work their way into the skin, where
hey form the warble cells. Their
mouth parts irritate the flesh, causing
IN liberation, which not only is dis
sressing to the animal, but Injuries the
hide and beef, and, in the case of dairy
lessons the quantity of milk
produced.
The beef beneath these MARBLES has a
peculiar, diseased, sickening appear
ance, and is commonly called clicked
beef" Such beef always commands a
over nrjce than that which 10 unaf
,ected. ' 'A 40 ""
REMEDIES e
livery waroIe maggot destroyed IN
'pl,ng oeaole !. esGapes 70 tne groun1
% PuaPaee Ppt tneans aa tnat one less ny VIII
~ '1 pi1esenmsl ~ 10 ~ ay eggs Ior tne coming
'loou. u Anis e snouiu oe caIe!uIiy oorne
,hI;n = Him. .t III iiei ~ ~ tne concluslon IS
'nv,ous 'uoae .,'as a. Il a. al we maggots now
'lesels neh - ens Dacks ,s, oi cattie OF given
,eagipoIaoou s a;" ; aIs kiieu' tne egg-isying
Jloou '..m VI mes WIZ 10 eAIermlhateo ana
mere rE Eas Win ue no lnJury next season:
!, nerS ,s;. Is Peanaps an no o.ner important
u.a9us y nooJ;is, inset. t,a Mn3se n9mpefs can De
~ 'uae aeaI nf cJmtIofaeu oI;a,a anu tne experl
,nGe W:,a ~ Gusa.sn lug Farmers, as pu0llsned
MISS Jrlnsious N.;o report SHOWS tnat oy
'Un'e.Seu !, tasst so.tou u. anu cohtinuseIoh OF
~ itsa.ei. ~ .ne e,,s aouaS o, Warole
't1acKs may ~ very rapidly iessened.
,uIlng spLlne anu carry summer Is 10
1aeeNv '1as Whan y hsoss thas,s ., ouv VI .me wal
his can he done with iittia ironhfa. % omd ond
yhen smaller the onenino can he an.
=