davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1890-10-24

The idea that electricity flows
through wire somewhat as water
flows through a pipe is likely to pass
away, as reasons appear for believing
that the energy is not transmitted by
the wire at all, but the surrounding
ether. In some experiments 5y
Prof. j. J. Thompson, the velocity OF
electric disturbances along a wire
surrounded by air was nearly double
the velocity along the same wire sur
rounded by sulphur, and the velocity
of the discharge through a vacuum
tube 80 feet long was comparable
with thst of light The conclusion is
that the conductor merely guides the
discharge lmpelled through the ether.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1890-10-24

The balloon proposed for polar ex-
plorations is ninety nine feet in diam
eter and 100000 cubic feet in vol.
ume. The journey is to be begun
from Spitzbergen, and, with a favor
able wind, is expected to last four
OF Eve days,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29

further good effects when it's alkali is let
loose by the action of growing plants.
Here are rounds Of changes taking place,
which, though the farmer may not readi
ly understand, he may produce with lime
and common salt"
The above writer also says that fine
ground phosphate rock increases the
richness of this compost. ''The acids in
the muck, make soluble the phOsphOric
acid for wherever phosphates exist with
organic matter water will invariably dis
solve portion progressively with the
decomposition of the organic matter by
fermentation"
We have here high authority on point
considerably discussed, the availability
of fine ground phosphate rock, if applied
with muck.
With thirty pounds OF sOda-ash costing
30 cents, to cord of muck we have the
full equivalent Of cow manure.
Finely ground Florida phosphates
costing not to exceed $40 ton, will
greatly enrich the above compost, and
the acids of the muck will make the phos
phoric acid available.
Cotton seed meal, rich in nitrogen, and
costing but IL centsper pound, completes
the facilities for getting within the State,
and largely on the farm, all the requisites
for it's successful cultivation.
GEO. w. HASTINGS.
Interlachen, Fla,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29
DeLand, Fla, Wednesday. October %. 1890
81 per Annunl, in advance.

elevators to the dry bin, which has
capacity of four thousand tons.
The dryer is a new invention, which
was gotten upand introduced to thepublic
by R. D. Candy, superintendent of the
Hull, Hammond & Co., phosphate works.
1t is useless for me to attempt to tell of
the various dispositions made of this
great amount OF phosphate for great as
the quantityis the demands still greater
both in the United States and Europe.
In my next letter will give brief his
tory of the discovery OF phosphate in
South Florida. E. d. WEEsE.
Arcadia, Fla.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29
For THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.
Bee Keeping in Florida.

With the advancing idea that this
State must pay more attention to things
other than orange growing, it seems to
me that Bookkeeping is neglected. With
out claiming that keeping bees is one of
the royal roads to wealth yet [ have no
doubt that a great many persons would
be enabled to add to their incomes and
comfort by keeping a few colonies of bees.
The fear of stings no doubt deters good
many from having more to do with the
''insex" than they are obliged to, but
with modern arrangements and gentle
Italians there is little to fear on that ac-
count. A start in bee keeping may be
made with q small sum of money, and if
profitable the colonies can be increased
quite rapidly. Stock and poultry require
more Or less feed; as a rule bees furnish
surplus of honey and do not require to
be fed, and the labor required to care for
them is not excessive. But what labor
and care they need must be given at the
right time for the best results. In this
climate, where there is but a short time
in which bees can gather no stores, the
rigors OF northern winters do not trouble,
and losses if they are properly cared for,
are few, while the hives are not SO expen-
sive. Thus if the profits are not as great
as in the North neither are the risks or
expenses so great. JOHN B. CASE.
Port. Orange, Florida.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29
For THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.
The Highest Ideal in Orange Grove
Culture.

To fertilize and to mulch is ''the idea"
You have a heavy crop OF weeds and
grass on your land now, let us suppose
and hope Ii so, put on 500 pounds Of
blood and bone or bone and potash or
cotton seed meal, as you may think best,
and then run over the weeds and grass
with a two horse Acme or cutaway this
will open the earth little so as to help
the fertilizer to "take hold' as it were,
and to mash down the mulching for bet
ter protection. The old grass and weeds
will grow no more, their roots will decay
ia the soil, and the tops on the soil, no
evaporation or waste from winds will
Replace, no other crop fgrass will grow
and no roots will be destroyed and no
cultivation will induce splitting or drop
ping of fruit. In the spring run the Acme
until this mulch is cut into mince and
then fertilize again and mix all with cul-
tivatOr, running deep tearing out old
surface feeding rootlets and inducing
new set. VIM. ?. NEELD.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29
FOR The FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.
How to Raise Tomatoes for Family
Use.

Excavate a trench eight inches deep
and eighteen inches wide; fill up with
muck that has been well aired, but is not
rotted fine, well mixed with ashes and
well enriched with fertilizer, leaving the
middle hollow. Zurich the ground for
two feet each side; set the plants deep, up
to the leaves, and leave them in
hole four or five inches deep to
be filed up later. Wash water, Stops, etc.,
may be thrown in the trench and will wa
ter the plants without making theground
bake. During the dry weather they may be
watered as needed. / raised very fine,
large and well favored tomatoes by the
above plan during the hot, dry weather
of the past summer, equal to any ever
saw or tasted North, while others planted
out in open ground were very inferior.
JOHN B. CASE.
Port Orange, Volusia County, Fla.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29
! OR THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.
Homemade Fertilizers.
HOW POND OR SAW GRASS MUCK CAN BE
MADE EQUAL TO COW MANURE.

HOW POND OR SAW GRASS MUCK CAN BE
MADE EQUAL TO COW MANURE.
There is no question in the minds Of
Florida farmers and horticulturists ofthe
results of COW manuring on our sandy
lands, whether by the process OF ''cow
penning" or hauling from the stable. AS
to the value of muck, there is doubt in
the minds of many, and neither analysis
nor practical results of application to
land, SO convincing to many, will have
any effect upon them, but if absolute
proof can be brought, that with proper
combinations, ordinary swamp and pond
muck can be made the full equivalent OF
good cow dung at cost from $3.50 to
$3.50 per cord, a lesson in practical
farming will be brought home to tillers
of the soil that should have sufficient
weight to load them to put in practice
methods of fertilizing in which there is a
per centage of saving equivalent to the
profits frequently made.
To compare the value of muck with
COW dung equal bulks must be taken,
and they will vary by analysis but slight
~; but most muck has not the power to
generate ammonia possessed by the COW
dung; those that do, heat when piled.
The power to produce alkaline actions on
insOluble muck is alone wanted to make
muck as good as COW dung. Lime and
salt to effect this result have been used,
and to those near a supply of these
articles and who understand their use, it
is perhaps as good a method as any.
But to the average farmer and horticul-
turist the simplest and cheapest method,
is the one he is after. Mr.. Andrew Ward,
in the Boston Globe, says: GIN the prep
aration of manure price is everything.
Muck may be called worth SO cents a
cord, and the labor of digging say 81;
mix through the cord of muck thirty
pounds of soda-ash, the cheapest alkali
there is at the present time, costing from
TX to cents pound, according to the
quantity purchased 1.-TWO pounds of soda
ash are equal in alkaline strength to three
pounds OF potash, andcosting more than
one-ha1f less), making a cord OF muck
equal in value to cord of COW dung, at
a cost of from $1.95 to 1910, and most
of it farm product
The effect of the action OF the soda-ash
in the muck is to destroy the vitality OF
maiden cane and other noxious grasses
so frequently an objection to the use OF
saw muck on our sandy land. Making
the vegetable matter soluble, dissolving
the ammonia, which is converted into a
nitrate, carbonate oflime being produced,
which acts as that does in spent ashes,
and soluble salt of soda, or common
salt, remains in the mass, producing still
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1890-10-29
For THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.
Peace River Phosphate Works.

Peace River Phosphate Works.
The Phosphate deposit OF Peace River
is certainly one of the richest in South
Florida, If not the most paying in exist
ence. There are two plants already in
operation; one is owned and operated
by the Peace River Co., of Jacksonville,
Fla, and is situated at Caldenia. The
other is owned and managed by M. Il.
Singleton and is situated one and half
mile west of Arcadia. The phosphate
strata is from twenty to fifty feet thick
and is covered with from two to five feet
of earth.
T. S. Morehead's pioneer phosphate
plant has now given place to the
most extensive establishment on
Peace River, the building alone
costing $4,000. It is owned by
Hull, Hammond & Co., owners of the
Savannah Fertilizer establishments and all
extensive works of the same kind in Port
Royal, S. G.
They own 500 acres Of phosphate land
in this vicinity. 1t lies in a basin form,
which adds greatly to the value Of it,
makes it much easier to mine as it is
necessary Tin mining) to have water deep
enough to float a drudge and wash the
sand out OF the phosphate, therefore it
will be necessary to cut canals from the
river to theinland mines, bat the opinion
of those m )st interested is that the supply
from the river cannot be disposed OF for
years.
Hull, Hammond & Co., will be ready
for operation in about two weeks.
Their engine on the drudge is of sixty
horse power and boiler OF fifty. The
machinery in the main building is run
by engine and boiler Of the same
capacity.
The entire length of the main building
is 297 feet long by so wide. Thecapacity
of mining and drying is 2O0tons per day.
The phosphate is removed from the
mines with centrifugal pumps attached to
a shaft eighteen feet long and is so ar
ranged as to pump over a radius OF thirty
feet. In pumping it passes through q
screen and the sand washed out before
the phosphate is deposited in the barge.
The barge is then taken with a tug boat
to the mill. Where the phosphate is dis
charged by means of elevator into the
wet bin, from there it passes through
shoots into the dryer, which is an iron
cylinder thirty feet long and four feet in
diameter, the inside of which is made in
screw form, which causes the phosphate
to pass rapidly through as the cylinder
makes ten revolutions a minute In
passing through the dryer it comes in
direct contact with the flames and is
heated red hot. It is then carried by
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
RuncOmbn Bid.

KANSAS CRY, Mo-, December 10.-John
Blair, secretary of the Cherokee Strip Live
Stock association, and member of the noted
cattle firm of Williamson & Blair, told a
reporter that he was about to make an offer
for the Cherokee strip. He said: 81 will
telegraph Chief Mayes offering him $2O,-
100000 for the strip. 1 offered that
amount two years ago. The government
offers only $1,000, 0C0, which is at the rate of
S1.25 per acre, while our figure is about 1925
per acre. The Indians can sell their lands
to whom they please. They have clear
title. When / was in Washington not long
ago / went to the interior department and
saw the fee simple deed granted December
81, 1888, by President Van Buren, to the
Cherokees. If we can get the strip for S20,-
0O0, 600 we would take it on these terms: One
million spot cash, $19,000,0O0 in three
months. We would bond the land for thirty
years time"
By section 2,103. revised statutes, the In
dams are forbidden to dispose of the land
without the consent of the interior depart
ment, and the commissioner of Indian affairs.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
LapaI Lottery

ToPEKA.-When the state canvassing board
had about completed its work the case of the
tie vote for member of the legislature from
Marion county was reached. The law de-
clares that such vote must be determined
by lot.
1t was decided that thirty two ballots should
be prepared, thirty-one of them blank and
one with the word Representative" written
upon. This was done and the ballots placed
in a hat. Governor Humphrey, who pre-
sided, while sitting at the head of the table,
held the hat above his head. Treasurer Sims
was named to represent Mr.. Maxwell, the
alliance candidate, and Auditor Mccarthy to
represent Mr.. Rood, the republican candi-
date.
Mr.. Sims made the first draw, and the
drawing was continued by each of the gen.
temen drawing a ballot out of the hat alter
nately. This continued until twenty-nine
blanks had been taken out. 1t was then Nc
Carthy's turn and he drew the thirtieth ballot,
which was the one with the winning word
written upon IT.
And so Mr.. Rood, republican, represents
Marion county this time.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
Kansas Men In 1t.

OcAIA, FLA, December 6.-John Davis,
!ongressman-elect from Kansas on the peo-
Pies ticket, in an in<erview with the Asso-
Iated Press representative, with reference
10 call for delegates to national confer
.ncs with a view of forming new party,
laid that the date for the meeting would be
YET for February %
'This call" he said, twas drawn by
Prof. Vincent and his two brothers, all of
Winfield. Kansas. They were aided in the
Fork by G. A. Power, of Indiana, and Gen.
ral ]. II. Rice, of Kansas. They submitted
/ rough draft of the call, and after making
Ioms suggestions, l asked them for sigma
lures. It ended with the alliance platform
adopted at st. Louis and fraternsl organiza-
ions in sympathy with that section to send
delegates to Cincinnati. 1t has been extern
lively signed by alliance members and by
delegates of other associations"
When asked if the call touched upon other
measures of public policy than the st. Louis
platform, Mr.. Davis sad;
''Yes. it lays down four propositions with
eference to national reforms, viz: FL
lance, transportation, land and labor.
Further than this, the contents of the call
Ire not for public announcement rs yet. The
all will not be presented to the national Rlll-
NICE for its endorsement as body, but will
Ie circulated for signatures in thlrty-slx
lliance states, perhaps in all the states OF
he union. There was a disposition to take
he call before the national alliance, but i
ind Others discouraged it as a step which
Eould doubtless result in giving the movo-
nent distinchvely alliance character, and
We do not wish to so construe 1t. The con-
reutioa will undoubtedly be largely attended
md VII result in placing presidential ticket
a the field in 1892 After securing several
hundred signatures in Kansas, We publish the
all and thus start the movement"
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13

mace for the Introduction of a resolution to
eARPSnge It from the records of the alliance.
NC tnird party movement is gaming
EIouno rapidly. The presence here of many
REPRESENTATIVES, of the national labor and
.n9ustrlai organizations Strengthens the
4pinlon that the entire reform" element In
'n S country will join this new party.
western and northwestern delegates are
I pi 70 De practically united on endorsing the
hce-Davis call.
Inns third party project Is the uppermost
topic OF discussion in the hotels, and every
where In the city outside of the alliance hall.
Inc St. Louis platform is to be adopted
Win an amendment, so as to demand the
government control of railroads and tele-
grapn lines, and if this shall not result in re-
lei TO the masses and in checking or curbing
iiastlng evils, the government shall become
the actual owners of such lines. This plat
form does not include the SUBJ treasury bill.
MI Clover, one of the Kansas delegates,
introduced and had passed resolution recit-
ing that the United States census returns,
with respect to farm mortgages were grossly
incorrect, and calling upon all county and
suo-aIllances in all states of the union to
make efforts toward securing reliable Stats
tics from the county records and make
prompt reports thereon.
L. X. Carskaden, of West Virginia, offered
the following resolution:
That we, the National Farmers alliance
OF America, believing that obedience and
veneration for the laws of God is the con-
serving force of human government, We do
thereby respectfully request that the direc-
tors of the great national fair of 1892 do not
desecrate the American Sabbath by keeping
open the gates of the same on the Lords
day"
The resolution provoked no serious oppo-
sltion and was passed unanimously.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
ProDosal r. Issn. Gro.nb,cks.

WASHINGTON, D. c., December Elm the
house Representative Bland, of Missouri,
introduced a bill requiring the secretary of
the treasury to prepare a new series of treas
ury notes, commonly called greenbacks, and
issue them in sums equal to the amount OF
national bank notes that may be from time
to time surrendered for redemption or can
collation. by national bank associations. Mr..
Bl md also introduced bill authorizing the
issue of new series of legal tender notes to
meet any deficiency in the revenue of the
government. 1t authorizes the secretary of
the. treasury to prepare and issue legal tender
notes, commonly called greenbacks, in pay
ment of current obligations of the govern
ment. These notes are to be in addition to
the legal tender notes now authorized; may
he relssued as legal notes now reissued, and
are to be available for all monetary purpQsest
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
Election. Bill and Labor Bill

NEW YORK, December 9.-The action Of
the senate in setting aside the eight hour bill
for the election bill was the subject of dis
cussion at the meeting of the Federation of
Labor.
Most of the members said that there was
an organized demand for the eight hour law,
while there wasn't any for the election law.
While they are not aware of any great DEM
onstrations in behalf of the elections bill,
$1,000 men were in line in Chicago, Septem-
Der 2, 1880, and every division had an eight
hour banner at its head. There were 20, 900
In line in Boston, 80 600 in New York, 1900
IN Cincinnati, and proportionate numbers in
the other cities.
That demand 30 strongly emphasized
should be entirely ignored seemed little short
OF folly to the the federation
The federation drafted a strong set of reso-
lutions, expressive of their sentiments. which
will be sent to Senator Blair, the chairman
OF the committee on education and labor,
demanding the consideration of the labor
bills as they appear On the calendar in their
regular order, and in the form recommended
originally by the house committee on labor.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
30 u.. ConceaIinr the Fact.

PIERRE, s. D., December 10.-Lieutenant
Governor Fletcher, asked regarding deststu-
ton among South Dakota farmers, said:
''Yes, there is restitution in South Dakota,
all reports to the contrary notwithstanding.
And what is more, cannot see the wisdom
of attempting to cover these facts. There
are seven counties that are suffering and in
destitute circumstances, resulting from the
drouth that has prevailed in these parts more
or less for the past three seasons.
fWhat is going to be done? / believe in
asking aid wherever We can get it. It seems
to me false pride that we should keep such
serious facts suppressed. If impartial judges
thought the situation a serious one last year,
they will End it as much worse this year"
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
Found Dead In Bed.

KANSAS CRY, Mo-, December 9.-R. L.
Harper, of Kiowa. Kan, one of the wealth.
est and best known cattle men in the west,
died of heart disease at the Midland hotel.
He was found dead in his bed by a bell
boy who had been instructed to return to the
room at IL a. m. with pitcher of water.
The coroner was notified, aud the remains
were removed to Stine's undertaking rooms.
At 8 o'clock a. m. he called bell boy, and
had him 60 for hot water. He told the boy
to bring him more hot water at II o'clock.
When the boy went to the room at that hour
he found Mr.. Harper dead in bed. Death
resulted from heart disease, which was in
tensifed by consumption. Mr.. Harper was
AZ years of age, and native of Jacksonville,
Ohio. He was unmarried, and his fortune
was willed to his brothers and sisters.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1890-12-13
Alliance Natfhna1 omners.

OoALA, FLA.-President McGrath, of the
Kansas alliance, moved that the annual cleo
ton of officers be proceeded with, and he
placed the name of L. 7. Polk in nomina-
ton for president. Mr.. Polk was unani-
mously reelected by reclamation. B. F..
Clover, of Kansas, for vice president was
also unanimously chosen. ]. H. Turner, of
Georgia, was unanimously reelected secre-
tary. For national lecturer, two nomina-
tons were made, ]. S. Willis, of Kansas,
and Benjamin Terrell, of Tennessee
Willis was elected by vote of 43 against
80. Terrell is the present incumbent. H.
d. Tillman, of Tennessee, was elected
to the vacancy on the committee on leg
islatIon for a term of three years, and
Delegate Cole, of Michigan, was elected a
member of the judiciary committee. The
new committee on fraternal relations is
composed of Talbot, of South Carolina;
Loucks of South Dakota; Livingston. of
Georgia; Rogers, of Florida, and Terrell, of
Texas.
The national executive board remains un-
changed-Macune, Wardall, Tillman and
Polk.