Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1890-11-01

feeding both his animals and his soil. Fa-
miliarity and long practice have taught
farmers that certain foods excel for GER
tain purposes, but they are unable to desig-
nate and select the most appropriate kinds
under the conditions necessary.
As the soil requires lime, nitrogen and
phosphoric acid, so do animals, but in diff
1erent forms tasss certain fertilizers are
resorted to in order to produce the largest
Yields of wheat, corn, clover, roots or fruit,
there are also certain foods containing ele-
ments, adapted for the purpose, that excel
in producing the largest Yields of milk,
meat or wool. and Il is just as possible to
feed animals in order to enable them to
yield products of special kinds as it Is to
induce the soil, by special fertilizers, to
bring forth luxuriant crops for which the
selected fertilizer is best adapted.
To be guided in feeding by the quantity
of food stored in the barn, and not by its
kind or quality, may occasion a loss, no
matter how well filled the barn may be,
as it is better to sell undesirable foods and
purchase Others In feeding all animals
their ages must be considered, and the
special work to which they are assigned
must never be overlooked. While the
COW that is expected to produce largely of
butter requires a carbonaceous diet, the
young and growing animal needs diet
rich in the elements that produce muscle
and bone. Grain which is used as staple
article on every farm, gives salts
faction because it produces warmth and
contains other elements essential to nearly
all classes of stock, but grain is very de-
icient in lime constituents, and is, there
fore, if fed alone, entirely unsuitable for
some animals, such as growing stock,
females that are used for breeding pur.
poses, and cows yielding milk, but for
fattening stock for market there is no food
superior to grain.
A study Of the table of feeding values
will show that clover is rich in lime, and
also in nitrogen, but the best results are
derived when digestion is promoted; hence
the feeding of linseed meal (Which is
rich in nitrogen) and the use of roots,
ensilage or other succulent food enables
the farmer to regulate the quantity of food
in manner to avoid waste. A study of
the characteristics of each animal, and to
feed it for the purpose intended by its
keeping, permits the farmer to utilize all
his stores to the best advantage and re-
sults-Philadelphia Record.
A SOUTH AMERICAN FARM
The following is taken from an article
entitled agricultural Chile" by Theo-
dore Child, in Harper's Magdzine
"Among the many hospitable farms and
haciendas that l visited, we may take as a
favorable specimen Sonora Isidora Cous-
| mos large and beautiful estate at Macul
near Santiago, which is rather, perhaps, a
model farm than commercial enterprise
The whole hacienda comprises 800 cuadras
irrigated and 700 cuadras of mountain
land without irrigation. Forty cuadras
are devoted to vines, which produce over
$50, 600 litres year; certain portion is
allotted to raising wheat, barley and oats
| for home consumption a considerable
space is laid out as a park, with very fine
and picturesque ornamental gardens, and
the rest is given to alfalfa and grazing.
THE stud farm at Macul is important,
and the stock consists OF imported Clydes-
dale, Percheron, Cleveland, Anglo-Nor-
man and thoroughbred racing stock, in
Guiding Yankee trottter, in all about 100
horses and nearly 200 cows, bred from
thoroughbred French and English Dur
hams This establishment being rather an
exceptional one from many points of view,
you might expect to find the farmers
| treated with the same care as the cattle.
| But no. They receive the usual IS paper
cents day, with food and lodging gratis
The lodging consists of rooms in an adobe
| building, with a beaten earth floor, or a
cane hut plastered over with mud while
the food is composed of daily ration OF
two pounds of bread in the morning, and
at midday an unlimited quantity of beans
cooked in grease. This is all; the laborer
receives neither tea nor coffee, much less
wine or beer.
"The laborers who work permanently on
the farm all the year round, instead of be-
ing lodged in barracks, have cottage and
BIT of land, which they are allowed to
cultivate for their own profit; but in re-
turn for this privilege they have to work
at the rate of 50 cents a day, or furnish a
substitute. The laborers of this class are
called fnquilinos,' and are considered to
be the standby of every farm, because their
services can always be counted on from
years end to years end. Their cottages
and plots are invariably situated on the
outskirts of an estate, at intervals one from
the other so that, together with their
families, they form the natural guardians
and watchmen of the hacienda
CABBAGE TREES.
One of the most peculiar and most val
liable trees in Florida is the cabbage tree
"The tree, in fact, belongs to the palmetto
family. 1t grows to a height varying from
twenty to forty feet, and there is scarcely
an inch difference in the diameter from
the roots up to the leaves. The leaves or
bayonets all grow in cluster at the top.
The wood is very porous and extremely
light; it resembles cork. Its value lies in
the fact that it is utterly impervious to
the ravages of salt water and barnacles,
which quickly destroy all other natural
woods Hence, the cabbage tree is much
sought after for posts and piles for building
piles that are used in building through
salt water have to be creosoted in order to
preserve them any length of time, and the
process is a very expensive one, but the
cabbage wood needs no application of any
sort."-NeC Orleans Picdyune.
FARM NOTES.
Cows should be kept from all foul oiors
and not allowed to eat or drink anything
that will give faint to the milk.
The farmer who has advanced to the
point of knowing what he is feeding each
animal will not long be satisfied with vast
ing good feed on his inferior stock.
1t costs at least two ounces of butter per
COW before the effect of bad fright caused
by strange dog running. through the
milk-yard wears away, says an exchange.
Milk pals and other vessels for keeping
milk and cream should be thoroughly
cleansed-frst well washed and scalded
with boiling water and then aired to keep
them perfectly sweet.
The use of poisoned sprays may be car
ried too far Some insects are as beneficial
as others are injurious, and, if the sprayer