davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

the country so rapidly and of late years
from southern and eastern Europe, instead
of educa ed Germany and England and the
native ii. reIse is 80 rapid in the iliterate
section, that Americans must soon face this
ugly fact The census of 1890 will show IA
larger percentage of illiteracy than did that
of 1850. Nevertheless, the convention did
not as a whole favor the blair billy ~ other
measures of national aid to education, and
there appeared IA very strong sentiment in
favor of special training and industrial edu-
cation. Equally important is the fact that
what is sometimes called 'the fad of educa-
ton" has lost much of its force; many of the
educators plainly indicated that they believed
mental education less important just now
than moral training.
Professor l., w. Day, of Cleveland, o. pre-
scented II new plan for discipline-a separate
school for the refractory in cities. Commits
sioner Estabrook, of Michigan, vigorously de
Tended the common schools from the charge
of irreligion. Professor Harvey NJ. La Fol
lette state superintendent of Indiana, opened
the proceedings with an able paper on school
statistics as basis of legislative action. These
We're but few of many excellent addresses.
The last day was signalized by an animated
discussion on negro education, led by j. A B.
Lovett, of Huntsville, Ala, and followed up
by Superintendents Powell, Of Washington,
and Bartholomew, of Louisville, Ky. 1t is
scarcely necessary to add that their opposi-
ton to mixed schools was vigorous"
Hon. Andrew S. Draper, president of the
convention, has won high reputation as
superintendent of public instruction for the
state of New York. He is AZ years old, a
resident of Albany, a gentleman of good
social standing and quite devotee of educa
ton, to which most of his adult life has been
devoted. He is in politics a Republican, but
/ is EQUALLY esteemed by all parties.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28
Hon. Josenh G. Biggar.

IL the recent death of Mr.. Joseph Gillas
Biggar, member of parliament for West Ca
van, Ireland, the Home Rulers have sus-
tanned very serious loss, as he was practi-
cally second only to Mr.. Parnell His meth
DDS at times excited much ridicule, as he was
given to obstructive tactics, but they were
often etfectual, and secured to him the de-
voted support of the Irish. He was an I'M
compromising enemy of British rule in Ire
land, maintaining that his country, though
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

"Sostratus the Cnidian, son of Dexiphanes,
to the gods, the saviors, for the benefit Of
Sailors" which, as the itinerant Snowman
says, twas considered good joke on the old
king, as jokes went in them days"
In the evil days when all Europe was bat
tie field the custody of lighthouses was COM
mitted TO holy men in orders and the adia-
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

the orthodox Mo- wv - ~
hammedan it is settled that if man is fated
to drown, he will drown anyhow. 1t is the
will of God no matter if the whole ocean
be ablaze with light At Jeddah, the port of
Mecca, it is reported that the pasha studied
the Koran seven years before he could de-
eide that it was the will of God" that a
lighthouse should be established there.
The oldest remaining lighthouse is believed
to he the noted Pompey's Pillar, but it is uil-
certain whether it was const ructed in the
first or second century of our era There are
/. " over 5000 lighthouses on the coasts OF
the various maritime countries. besides many
thousands Of lightships, buoys and signals,
but the connecting Ink between the old and
the new is the famous old lighthouse of Cor.
douan, at the mouth of the Garonne. The
entrance of this river is a particularly dan.
gerous passage, and history does not record a
time when there was ne light on the point
below the city. The Phdenicans built fire
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

over by Professor
Andrew S. Draper,
S t tie superinten-
dent for New York.
Some of the facts
set forth by the
speakers We're de-
cidedly startling, if
not alarming, 1t
was made clear that
despite all exertions
illiteracy is at least
keeping pace with
the population, if
not actually out
growing it. For
. -. -.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28


Grassy, father of
Count Julian, de-
voted his life to
the scientific and
industrial progress
of his country; he
died in 1915, and
his son, on succeed
ing him, carried
forward the work
with renewed ar
dor. When the
reactionary policy
was established by
Austria and the
attempt made to
deprive Hungary
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

soul There are more expression and vivacity
in her face now than she showed few years
ago, and therefore her beauty has been
greatly increased But it is still the beauty
of the perfect animal, while Miss Langdon's,
far from perfect on the animal side, is
changed and intensified by the beauty Of
lovely spirit.
Among the voting matrons of the Four
Hundred, Mrs Burke Roche is one of the
most beautiful She is said to have begun
proceedings for freedom from the unpleasant
consequences of an international marriage,
and society is anxious TO find out about the
specific acts of cruelty which she alleges
against her English husband as ground for
divorce. She is an excellent specimen of the
peculiarly American type of beauty-slender
and delicate in form and feature and with
out emphasis in cOlOring She has hair of
that dreadful hay color" which is the de
spair of women who do not know how to
manage it and the glory of those who do: soft,
light blue eyes, and clear, pale complexion.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28
EDUCATORS IN COUNCIL.


An extremely interesting session has lately
been held in New York by body handi
capped by the long name OF department of
Superintendent of the National Education
Association 1t was, in effect, a conference
10y the several state superintendent Of public
instruction with several prominent edu
Gators, its object was to discuss the various
measures now proposed in congress and state
legislatures to render the schools more eff
fcent, and it was appropriately presided
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

remaining a part OF
the empire, should
b e as completely
self governing as
Canada or Aus
tralia.
He was born in
Belfast in ISIS, and
secured a fairly
good education at
the Belfast acad-
envy, after which
he engaged in bust
ness as "A con
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

with half an eve for beauty would say at
once that they are Marion Langdon and Lii
liam Russell. One n belle in the most cxclu-
sive circle of the selectest society in. the
United States the other, queen Of theHlot-
lights. famous alike for her beauty, her abii-
ty and the frequency and freakiness of her
love affairs. one. the nheritor Of wealth, po-
sition. social prestige everything that helps
to make life beautiful and desira lie. the
other. the conqueror of everything she has
gained-t would he hard TO find two women or
two lives more utterly diverse than these Aud
yet, if Paris himself had to bestow the gold
EN- apple upon one of the pair he would end
his perplexity by Tipping a copper, and
award his prize according as it came down
heads or tails
And their types Of beauty are as different
as their lines of life Miss Langdon is tail
and wilowy and dark, with big, soulful,
dark eyes, and that peculiar patrician kind
of feature, and expression which is seldom
seen except as the result of several genera
tons Of refined instincts. Miss Russell is
compelled TO diet vigorously and exercise Wig
orously in order to keep herself even a little
less than stout She is fair and rosy and
Jolly, aud there is nothing whatever about
her Eyes, Or any other feature, to suggest
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28
THE PERIL OF HATTERAS.
THE UNITED STATES DESIGNS A
LIGHTHOUSE EIGHT MILES OUT.

The Project Involves Great Peril in the
cessity-Experience of Various Nations
with Lighthouses.
The lighthouse board of the treasury de-
partmenf of the United States has, after pro-
longed discussion, decided on the erection Of
a lighthouse on Diamond shoal, nearly eight
miles out at sea from the dreaded Cape Hat
teras; and the project involves such stupen-
dous difficulties in engineering that the scien-
lists in that line are ransacklng lighthouse
history for light on the subject. In view Of
the danger and frequent interruptions to
work that may be expected, the authorities
have decided to let the work by contract in
stead of having it done under their own super
vision, and the cost is to be limited to the
$500 600 already appropriated by congress
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

cords of WOOD 5000 gallons of fresh water
and three li.eboats The whole structure
must be freproof and the stairways so ar
ranged that should fire break out on one
floor 1t could not be communicated by them
to any other floor
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

Schreiner immensely, and thinks her won
derfully good, clever and beautiful, is prov
ing his devotion not in any such vulgar and
commonplace way as laying his wealth at
her feet, but by systematically building up
for her reputation as stunning beauty.
FLORENCE FINCH KELLY.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

cent uerrltory was
held IS sa c + e d
ground. There Is
an affecting and
well authenticated
story OF a monk
W h o tended on e
hght Tor seventy
Vpnrg. not missing
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

tory, and yet it is perfectly natural; for Us
soon AS man began TO sail the practice of burn
ing beacon lights doubtless began, and from
an occasional light in b,ei weather the step
was natural TO the erection of permanent
light Oh an elevated structure The early
Romans seem to have been somewhat timid
about the water, and as late the time of
st. Paul their ships had to beat their way
along from headland to headland, taking
chances of missing the dangerous places The
Greeks, however, We're more venturesome,
and the Ph9nicans and their Carthagnian
descendants still more so. The oldest writ
ings refer To lights on headlands to guide or
warn the mariner
In time, however, the Mediterranean sea
became Roman lake-the name means in
the middle of the earthn-and lighthouses
multiplied so rapidly that it is said one might
sail from the Pillars of Hercules along either
coast and never be out of sight of one. The
Roman Pharos was ordinarily n conical tower
of very solid masonry and extremely plain;
but some were deliberately built and richly
ornamented. Most famous among the early
lighthouses was that constructed at Alex
andria by order of Ptolemy Philadelphus,
some 800 years b. c., and on its FROM was
perpetrated one of the grandest practical
jokes of ancient history.
1t was tall tower, built of white marble,
and cost 500 Ia 6its, or, in our money, about
$50, 600. The architect was Sostratus but
as the king ordered the work done he wanted
the credit, and, therefore, ordered to be
placed on the tower the inscription, liking
Ptolemy to the gods, the saviors, for the
benefit of sailors" Sostratus set his wits to
work, and invented a mortar which had all
the appearance and polish of solid marble,
covered the space over the entrance with 1t,
and in the mortar was carved the inscription
ordered by the king. In the course of time,
after both king and architect had gone the
way of all the earth, the plaster decayed,
fell away bit by bit from the wall, and then
on beautifully carved slab exactly match
ing Its surroundings appeared the worlds
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

there. the Romans
erected n Pharos,
land although the
building is anti.
quated. it is still in
use.
The specifications
require that the
II "A t teras light.
house must be ljC
feet high from the
low water mark to
the focal plane OF
the lantern. The
foundations are Ia
quired to be solid
"A II d massive tc
t,-f+Ie-+o,,1 .l,, inn
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28
HERE ARE SIX BEAUTIES.
SELECTED FROM THE FLOWER OF
NEW Works. WOMANklND.

Florence Finch Kelly Writes of Them and
Nun'ber of Others Whose Pictures Are
Not GiVen-Stars of the Professional and
Social Ornaments.
The most beautiful woman in New York
that would he very difficult mater to de-
eide. But there can be no question as to the
two who are the most beautiful Any one
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28
MADE DUNDREARY FUNNY.
HOW SOTHERN KICKED AND STAN
MERED HIS WAY TO FORTUNE.


of the Production of sour American
Cousin"-A Comedy That Made Three
Thespians Prosperous and Famous.
"Our American Cousin" will probably be
always remembered as the play in which Miss
Laura Keene appeared at Ford's theatre on
the night President Lincoln was assassinated.
Yet even at that time the play had become
famous, partly because of intrinsic merit and
partly through the efforts Of E. A Sothern
father of the present Sothern), whose crea-
ton of Lord Dundreary established his repu-
tation as a CON nan.
In the March Century Mr.. Joseph Jeffer-
son, continuing his autobiography, gives,
among other "reminiscences brief history of
this play. ~ permission of The Century
company we quote from advance sheets the
following:
During the season of 1859 Miss Keene
produced Tom Taylor's play of Our Ameri-
can Cousin, and as its success was remark
able and some noteworthy occurrences took
place in connection with it, q record of its
career will perhaps be interesting. The play
had been submitted by Mr.. Taylor's agent to
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

The difficulties at first view seem insur
mountable. The shoal, or rather reef is COW
cred by some twenty five feet of water its
surface is composed of fine gray sand and
broken shells, and the current sweeping over
it is usually about four knots an hoSr. The
whole vicinity is probably the most dangerous
on the Atlantic coast Gales from the east are
frequent, and enormous losses of life and
property occur there almost every year.
After receiving many petitions from mer-
chants and masters of vessels in the coastng
trade the board, ten years ago, placed three
whistling buoys on the shoals, moOred by
heavy chains; but they were swept away. a
lghtship was next suggested, but the scheme
Was shown to be impracticable. And now
engineers and contractors must decide
whether any lighthouse can be so firmly con-
structed as to stand the oceans fury in such
place
There is much in history to encourage the
belief that it can be done. The famous Eddy
stone lighthouse was constructed by the once
greatly celebrated John SSmeaton, against the
verdict of almost every other engineer in the
United Kingdom, and yet at the end of one
hundred and thirty-one years it still stands
to warn the mariner Off the deadly reef on
the coast of Cornwall. Even now Smeaton's
narrative of the construction, de pite the
science in it, is fascinating as a romance. At
first view one would say no place III the world
presented greater obstacles for, though the
tower on which the burner stands is sixty
eight feet high, the sea frequently dashes over
the light and has more than once broken the
strong plate glass Even in the mildest
weather only the most skillful boatmen can
row between the lighthouse and the shore
The material is Portland stone and the
foundations are intricately dovctaied into
the rocks Of the reef The structure was be-
gun in 1876 and completed in 1853, and 50
great an achiev ement did it then seem to the
English that it was celebrated in song and
story, and many popular tales are founded
on the lives of its inmates.
Another interesting lighthouse-interestng
as overcoming an exactly different set of con-
ditions--is that at Alligator Reef, on the
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1890-02-28

coast of Florida,
which literally
stands on trestles
planted in the wa
ter. Contrary to
the popular belief,
however, sea sand
is among the most
reliable of founda-
tions. The exploits
of Ida Lewis have
IN a d g t h e Lime
Rock lighthouse, on
the New England
coast. familiar to
millions of readers,
and others on
the American coast
are o b jects of
great int rest to.
visitors and study
by engineers. 1t Isl
a curious fact that
the construction of
lighthouses ante
dates written his
e..
Morning journal and courier., 1890-07-19

Entrance Money Not Paid, Hence No
 Races-GOod Horses Brought Here
 Hut NOt Entered-The saloon Of she
 Secretary Attached.
 The races that were advertised for Elm City park yesterday did not take place as announced. When the owners of the runs ming horses arrived here they ascertained that the races were to be given by an in dividual and not by an association. As they were not sure that the purses would be paid to the winners they declined to pay the en- trance money, as they were not certain that the secretary who advertised to give the reees was responsible. The entrance fee to each of the races was $9O, which the owners did not deposit, as they reasoned that they had no security for their entrance money.
 Two gentlemen of this city either of whom is responsible, became surety for the purses that were contested for at the park on Thurs day afternoon. In consequence of the exist ing state of affairs nearly all of the horses were shipped to New York yesterday morn- ing by boat. One owner who brought several good horses to this city heard such unfavor- able accounts of the management of the races that he sent bis runners all back to New York by the same boat that brought them here. These horses were not taken off from the boat here.
 Only two of the running horses, Capatone and Julia Miller, are at the park at present and these have not been removed in conse. quence of the severe lameness of the former.
 Many persons were disappointed yesterday when it became known that there would be none of the proposed races at the park dur ing the day.
 The saloon of the secretary, MT. John W. Esser, was attached and keeper placed in charge yesterday. The attachment is to secure the amount of bills contracted for the
Morning journal and courier., 1890-07-19


 The Importance of owners of Pro- ducsive Industries Answering Ques- sions.
 In the rural districts the statistics of man. ufaetursrs for the census bureau were gath- cred by the enumerators. But in cities and towns of importance as manufacturing cen. ters the collection of these statistics has been assigned to special agents.
 As the value of statistics is absolutely de- pendent rpon the accuracy of the individual items from which they are compiled, 1t is of answered fully and accurately. Manufac- turers, of course, fully understand this. They know also that the resultant compilation of the census office will be of special value and of interest to them, and as forming the basis for much of the legislation which affects their industries. For these reasons 1t is ex- pected that they will cheerfully cooperate with the census bureau in the work. They will have every assurance that none of the details of their business will be made public. The special agents are sworn to secrecy, and as an additional safeguard are required to forward each evening by registered mail to the census bureau the schedule gathered dur. ing the day. At the census office the returns will be used only for purposes of tabulation, and no publication will be made in the cen sus reports that will disclose the operations of individual establishments. Each manu. facturer interviewed will have the assurance over the signature of the superintendent of the census.
 The period to be covered by the inquiry is the year ended May 31, 1890, and statistics are to be sought from each ssEstablishment of Productive Industry" which, in it's broad. est sense, must be. understood to embrace ,1x,v voi1Io and 6,k .1-~ operations of all small establishments and the mechanical trades, as blacksmithine. carpentering, coopering, dressmaking, mason. ry and bricklaying, millinery, tailoring, boot and shoe making, printing. carriage build ing, etc.
Morning journal and courier., 1890-07-19
A Vts,torin the Cfty.

Pulaski Leeds, who formerly resided here, is visiting with his brother, Hon. John H. Leeds of this city. Pulaski Leeds was at one time mechanical engineer on the New York and Northern railroad and later was master mechanic on the Air Line railroad. He has now very responsible position, being super intendent of the machinery department of the Louisville and Nashville railroad, which is 2,600 miles in length. He also assisted at building the shops of the Indianapolis, Deca- tur and Springfield railroad. When Jay Gould transferred this line to the Wabash system MT. Leeds became connected with the Louisville and Nashville. He came to Rome, N. Y., to buy some cars for his line and de- cided to continue his trip eastward in order to make his brother brief visit. Yesterday MT. Leeds brother took him to East Rock park and other points of interest, and he is of opinion that the old town has manifested some marked conditions of growth and gen. eral improvement since he was last here. MT. Leeds leaves for Louisville to day.
Morning journal and courier., 1890-07-19
HOSPITAL DIREC TORS MEET.

HOSPITAL DIREC TORS MEET.
 Superintendent Starkweasher's House
 to be Removed to Make Room for
 she Ellen MI. Clifford Home for In.
 curables The Quarterly Report oi
 tho Credentials Com mittee.
 The General Hospital society of Connecti cut held meeting last night at the rooms of the board of health in the police building at which it was voted to remove the house now occupied by Superintendent Starkweather Of the hospital to another part of the hospital grounds to make room for the new wing, which is to be called the Ellen M. Clifford home for incurables.
 After the meeting of the hospital society the directors held their quarterly meeting. Chairman Eli Whitney,jr., of the credentials committee presented the quarterly report of this committee which contained many mat ters of interest.
 The number of new patients which have
 been admitted during the last quarter is 216. This is the largest number of patients ever admitted to the institution during one quarter. There have been 205 patients dis charged, 33 patients have died and there
 have been six births. The largest number of patients which have been at the institu tion during any one day was 120, and the smallest number was 92, and the average daily number of patients treated at the hos- pital was 107 1-6 The daily cost of board for each person has averaged 27 3-10 cents, which is slight increase over last quarter. The quarterly current receipts were $10,-
 645 A, the expenses were $11 ,841. 57, leaving | d. foit of $l, ,196 IS There have been l thirty seven patients supported by the Marett | fund at cost of Sl ,42944. Almost all the l state soldiers have been removed to the Soldiers home at Noroton. The ambulance has anewered twenty-five calls during the l quarter. The amount received from hospital | Sunday collections was $2, 16S 99. The ele- vstor fund smounts to $3472S. The | balance on hand which the treasurer's
 account shows for the institution is $3,- | 037.36. During the quarter General 5. E. Merwin has made the hospital grounds attractive by generous contribution of plants, and Mrs. R. M. Everit has sent many contributions of cut flowers. The society
 has received $1, 000 in bequest from the late Henry J. Prudden. One of the most impor- tant portions of the report of the credentials | eommitres states that the trustees of the Gif- ford estate, Rev. Dr. Beardsley and Professor s. E. Baldwin, have given to the hospital
 society securities from the funds of the estate
 amounting to $l35, 500. This large amount
 is to be used in the support of the Ellen M. Clifford home for incurables, and also for the support of poor patients in the hospital. A | small part of this amount, $25, 1000, is to be expended for the erection of @ new chapel upon the hospital grounds.