davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Cheap Labor and PandemOnium.

There is a strike of Hungarian and
Italian miners at Punxsutawney, Pa.
The force employed there in the mines
is almost entirely composed of Italians
and Hungarians imported by the coal
barons, who hoped by this means to get
rid of the labor agitators and labor
tronbles. But these men after while
proved far less tractable and submissive
than was expected. A number of them
joined the X. of l., and finally demanded
a redress of grievances. A strike fol-
in and evictions began, Last Friday,
after the Sheriff, accompanied by thirty
three Pinkertons armed with Winches-
tiers, had thrown out an Italian family
at Walston, about three hundred of
their countrymen collected and began
yelling and firing into the air. About
two hundred shots were fired and the
Italians were getting more excited MS
the music of their revolvers increased.
This happened about four clock in the
afternoon. Master Workman Wilson
arrived on the scene just at this time,
went among them, and told them they
must keep quiet and not break the peace
or they would ruin the cause.
Wilson says that it is his sincere con-
viction that, if he had not appeared on
the scene when he did, there would have
been one of the bloodiest riots ever seen
in this country. The evicted families
are being taken in by their friends. The
miners agents are taking care of their
effects and making preparations to
house and feed them if necessary. Sew
eral warrants have been sworn out,
charging Pinkerton's men with assault.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Window Glass Trustiiled.

1t is reported from Findlay, Ohio,
that the window glass manufacturers of
the United States have at last effected a
combine" and formed pool by organ
ling themselves into syndicate, with a
capital of $500, 900, the headquarters of
which is to be in Chicago. The pool is
to take all the window glass produced
by the factories in the combine. This
is formidable trust, as the output from
the establishments comprised in it repre-
sents more than three-fourths of all the
window glass produced in the United
States. The new arrangement went
into effect January 2, and hereafter win
dow glass will be higher than at any
time within decade.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
LONDON PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

After nearly twenty years of hard
work done by the School Board, London
is at present fairly provided with ele-
mentary schools
The annual increase of population is
estimated at about 10000, for one sixth
of whom school places must be found.
One new school a month will hardly
suffice.
The nation, by imperial or local taxa
ton, pays GO lbs. Sd. out of the e3 As.
Id. spent on each child's yearly edu-
cation the child himself contributing
81 rs.
The London School Board last winter
appointed committee to inquire into
the existing agencies for the provision Of
free or cheap meals to necessitous chill
dren. The figures obtained by them as
regards Board Schools are as follows
(only 3 per cent, of the Voluntary
Schools have answered inquiries) -
AZ, S43 children attending school are in
want of food. In the year ending March
1899, 7,943 children received free break
fasts; 745 paid I'd, and 151 paid I'd. !;
26, $50 children received free dinners !;
4, 435 paid Id; and 1857 paid I'd. Despite
this, it is estimated that "a, 739 children
"do not obtain enough food" These
statistics, the best the School Board
could obtain, are based on estimates
framed for each school, and not abso-
lutely correct. But they probably much
understate the need for additional sus-
tenance among the poorer children.
brotherhood.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Selling Out the Paper Industry to an
English Syndicate.

Five million dc liars of English money
have bought four of the largest paper
manufacturing establishments in this
State, who supply most of the news
paper used in this city. Warner Millers
factory at Palmers's Falls, and George
Vests at Saratoga are included in the
deal.
In selling out their establishments to
British capitalists, ex-senator Miller and
Congressman West, who have long been
strenuous advocates of protection to
American labor, have evidently taken
an effective step looking to the CONVEX
sion of free trade England. The condi-
ton of the bargain is that a profit of at
least ten per cent. a year can be shown.
OF course, there is no doubt of the abil.
ity of our paper potentates to demon
strate that their profits never ran below
that point, in spite of the reduction of
price that has taken place in recent
years and thanks not only to the great
improvements in machinery and meth
DDS of production but especially to the
degradation of American labor.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18

with regard to social questions, such
as the sweating system and labor
struggle, | would recommend that
clergymen should not take prominent
part. Their education did not specially
tit them to understand these questions
and it is better not to thrust them
selves forward as umpires," There is
the true ring of nineteenth century
Christianity" in these utteranees.
We tell this bishop that unless the
education of clergymen be soon made
such as will fit them to understand social
questions, unless they be soon prepared
to thrust themselves forward in all labor
struggles, not as umpires, but as cham.
pions of the wronged and the oppressed,
they had better cease preaching altoge-
ther, and to take to some other occupa-
ton, in which they will be of some ser
vice to their fellows. - Christian Socialist.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
COMMUNICATIONS.
The Standard Of Prosperity.

1t is well established fact that in
years of great plenty the total value of
farm products is less than in years of
comparative scarcity. For instance less
money is obtained by the farmers for
crop of four hundred million bushels
of wheat than for crop of five hundred
million bushels. And yet, with less
money at the command of the agricul-
tural population taken as whole, the
consumption of manufactured products
in the farming districts is greater IN
years of abundance. The reason of this
is plain enough. A good crop is usually
brought about by a good yield in all
parts of the country, whereas bad one
is as as rule the result of more or less
extensive but local failures, In the
first instance the money is widely dis
tributed, and the resulting comfort is
general; in the other the reverse is true,
and the districts that are benefited by
the high prices do not increase their
purchases of manufactures to an extent
sufficient to compensate for the curtall-
ment which must take place in others.
In the same manner, enforced idleness
in cities not only decreases the produc-
ton of manufactures, but, by destroying
the purchasing power of number OF
people, reduces the consumption OF farm
products. might indefinitely multiply
the practical illustrations OF this sound
and fundamental economic proposition,
that the prosperity of country must be
measured, not by the number and wealth
of its millionaires, but by the earnings
of its workers; and | na'ght add, not so
much by the money value OF its total
product as by the degree of equality in
its distribution.
G. S. N.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
SPECIAL AGENTS FOR THE WORK
MEMS ADVOCATE.

AIBANY--J. Gilliar, 40 Jefferson street
BALTIMoRE-C. Doering, Ill N Castle 1t.
BosroNH. W. Brown, 22S Harrison ave,
BRIpaEroRT-S. Seller, 5sS Main street,
BRooKLYN-Alh, Griesbeck, i15 Johnson ave.
CHIoAao-B, Frese, 70 State street, room $40
John NJ. Foley, al2 West Adams street
CIEvELANp,-Fr Trappe, 35i Hamilton vt.
DETRor-E Steyer, l5l Grandy avenue.
ERIN, PA,--Rob Helm, 1877 Sassafrass st.
EVANSVILLE 1ND,-Chr Schaad 1915 Fulton av
HARTFORD Fred. Gruninger, 104 Asylum st.
HoLYoKE, NASH. Backofen, 32S Park st.
LONDON, ENaLANp-H. W. Lee. 1871 Queen VIC
toria street, Blackfriar's Bridge, K C.
LYNN, Mastered II. Oelcher, 10 Jewett st.
MERIDEN, CoNN,-W. Maurer, SO Pratt st,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.-Theo. Jost, $685. Fort ave,
NEWARK G. scheer, 1906 Springfield ave.
New YORK CITY-F Decker, 492 E 74th st.
NEW ORLEANs-C. Boensch, ,. o. Box 30S; 49, 2
Lesseps ST.
PouaHKEEpsIE, N. Y.-H. Szimmath 1853 N. Ham
ilton street,
PRovIDENcE--John Brand, SO Snow street
RooHEsTER.-L Waldorf, 3lS North av.
SAN FRAN cIsco--J, G. Blass. 63S 12 Natoma 81.
ST. PAUL, MINI &C. Gaefka. 81 Dakota ave,
SYRACUSE. N. " otto Koelling. 1913 tark st.
TROY, N. Y.-Frank Dankhoff, 144 Hill ST.
WASHINGTON. Pioneer, p. o. Post Townsend.
WILMINGTON. DEL.-FrLz Elser. 10 Lamotte st.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18

"honest" merchants will not commit
under the competitive system. Opium,
as every body knows, is drug OF abso-
lutte necessity in the practice of medicine.
To prevent its adulteration abroad by
the foreign producers and dealers who
sell it to us, the Custom authorities of
our Government subject all imports Of
opium to a test and forbid the entry of
any that does not contain at least nine
per cent of morphia. Unable to buy
adulterated opium abroad, some OF our
drug merchants are now adulterating it
in this country In order to do this
well one of them has imported Turkish
workmen expert in the art, who turn
out a product of very low quality, but
with general appearance such that it
cannot be distinguished from the very
best, except by an analysis. As it costs
ten dollars case to test opium, few
purchasers incur the expense and the
retail druggist is swindled to the great
detriment of his sick customer. Now
mark the possible consequences. A ply
stefan orders a certain dose of opium.
The prescription may not prove strong
enough he will increase the amount.
The prescription may be renewed by a
different druggist, who has on hand
first class opium. Imagine the result
And now consider the excuse given by
one of the firms who sell the adulterated
article; "By paying the price you can
have first -class product; but believe
that a considerable part of the adul-
terated stuff is used for the vice habit,
and the lower percentage of morphia
there is in that opium the better" This
fellow is not the only capitalist who
charitably robs people to prevent them
from making a bad use of their money.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18

each month, at s Nassau So. Organizer,
Mrs $, II. Merr6ed,s Nassau street, Bos,
ton. Recording Secretary Geo. Il Miller,
Athens street, Cambridge,
Observation-Disclosures Section meets every Tues.
day evening at the Labor Lyceum. Organ.
zer, Gustav schaefer, lao Leonard ST,
CnicAoo-Business meeting every sunday al.
tenoon, O'Clock at Grefs Hall, "a Lake
street. Public agitation meetings every
Sunday at lungs Hall 1906 Randolph street
Organizer, Bernhard Berlyn, 6U2G Green St,
tngewood, Cook Co, Ill.
LYNN, MAss.-Organizer, George r. Peare, 81
Jefferson street
MINNEAPOLIS. Scandinavian Section, Agitation
Meetings, every second and fourth Mon.
days In each month, Business Meetings,
every first and third Monday, Organizer,
+. Petersen, 7. o, Box 1854
New YoRK.-American section Agitation meet
tngs every Monday evening AT % East Fourth
street Organizer, August Delabar, % East
Fourth street
NEW HAVEN, CoNN.-Meetngs at the New Hall,
second house IRON corner State and Chapel
SITS Entrance from State st. Nj. Ruther,
81 Broad ST., Organizer
NEW ORLEANs-Meeting every first Sunday In
month In the house of Comrade Beck, lOs
Bordeaux st.
PmLApELrBiA, PA. Agitation meetings every
Tuesday evening at Morning Star Hall,
northeast corner of Ninth and Callowhill
streets. Secretary, Jul Necker, All Vine
street Organizer, W. II. Bishop. 9l9 Sar
tain street.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.-Flemish Section meets First
Sunday In each month, 1906 Germantown
ave De Bruyn, 1915 Warnock st.
PHnApElrnlA, PA;-French Branch meets every
second saturday at Wesser's Hall. Louis
Crocaert, Sec, 29i4 Oriana st.
PROVIDENCE II. Injecting first Sunday OF each
month, 2 o'clock p. m, SHADES Building
Room %. Organizer, Franklin Burton,
sampson av
SACRAMENTO, CAL.-Meets every Tuesday even.
Ing at 7.SD O'Clock Mt Humboldt Hail. cor
Ninth and l. streets. Organizer, l.. C. Fry
5i5k street
SAN Francisco meeting every Wednes
day night, 80 Fourth Street. Organizer
T. Ross Martin, 62S Clay street,
The Directory of sixty German American SEQ
tons will be found In DER SOCIALIST.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
PUBLIC EDUCATION.

First Meeting OF the Board-satisfied with
the Present Curriculum and Them
selves - Gymnastics Suppressed - No
Money for Teachers with Fourteen
Years Service-Lots of Flags and Nom
sense.
The New York Board of Education
held its first meeting of the year yester-
day afternoon. Mrs. Clara NJ. Williams,
Mayor Grants appointment in the place
of Miss Grace Dodge, was in her place
some minutes before the session began.
The four other new members-Eugene
Kelly, Charles j. Hubbeil, James w.
Gerard, and William Lummis-were all
present. President j. Edward Simmons
was reelected for the ensuing year by
vote of IS to 2 blank ballots. In taking
his seat he made the usual pledge of
absolute impartiality. Abiding to the
recent modification of the course of
study in the schools, he declared that
the present curriculum was generally
regarded as satisfactory by the mass of
teachers and by those interested in
educational matters" He recommended
proper preparation for an exhibit on
behalf of the public school system in the
Worlds Fair of 1892.
Mr.. Holt moved to rescind the by laws
providing for gymnastics in the schools.
He said there was no probability that
the Board of Estimate would ever pro-
vide for gymnastics. William Lummis
suggested suspension for one year.
This course was followed
The bylaw providing that teachers
with over fourteen years continuous
and meritorious service receive $3.50 per
year came up next. 1t was objected to
because of lack of funds. All the COM
missioners except Mrs. Powell and Mrs.
Agnew voted in favor of its suspension.
A report was presented from the COM
mittee in charge of the proposition of
the Order of Patriotic Sons of America
to furnish an American flag for each
school house in the city, if the board
would care for the flags and put up flag
stats. The committee stated that no
funds were available at present for flag
stats, but recommended resolution
accepting the flags and pledging the
board to arrange somehow for the stats.
Mr.. Guggenheimer thought flags should
be added to the supply list of the board.
The city could afford to pay for its own
American flags. Mr.. O'Brien's motion
to lay the matter the table prevailed.
By resolution LieuicF. S. Carter, U.S.N.,
was promoted to the position of Senior
Instructor on the school ship st. Mary's
at $1,000 per year. On resolution of
Commissioner Guggenheimer it was
directed that when the standing COM
mittee was appointed special committee
of five be named on legislation. Com
missioner Lummis then wanted to have
this committee directed to draft bill to
facilitate condemnations for school sites.
He withdrew his motion at the request
of Commissioner Galloway, who said
that the Counsel to the Corporation was
already drafting such bill, and the
board adjourned.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Iron Workers Victorious.

The strike at the Union Iron Works
of San Francisco, which threatened
serious proportions, was settled last
Wednesday by the surrender of the
company. Thirty cents will not be
deducted from each mans salary for
the shop surgeon, as was proposed, but
the managers will have medical man
in attendance whenever his services are
required. Work was resumed Thursday
morning.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Evolution and Revolution.

The declaration was made by Edward
Bellamy at the recent anniversary of
the First Nationalist Club in Boston and
echoed in the Arena by j. Ransom
Bridge, the Secretary of that organza-
ton, that the Nationalist are not rev.
olutionists, but counter-revolutionists;
that what they are aiming after is to
carry out the principles on which this
Government was founded by our fore
fathers, and that they strive to bring the
republic, which is being wrested from
them, back to tho people. Such decla-
ration will undoubtedly tend to prevent
the plutocrats, the conservative element
of the nation, from experimenting that
there is anything that is dangerous in
the new movement. But the National
lists, as educated and intelligent people,
should know-what indeed every thor
ough going Socialist has long known
that the principles referred to were
mainly compromises; that this Govern
ment was originally based chiefly on
compromises, because the Constitution
formed by our forefathers and accord
ing to which the Government had to
act, was made up Of compromises. One
of the compromises was the retention of
the institution of slavery. Every student
of the history of our Constitution knows
through what an ordeal the faith, RS of
the republic passed and how dark at
one time was the prospect of agreeing
on constitution and of having any
Government of the United States at all.
1t goes without saying that in those
early days the fathers did the best they
could. For us to be as good we must
do better than they. We must be both
evolutionsts and revolutionists. We
must not 60 backward, but forward.
II we would realize Nationalism or So
ciaIism, not return to but departure
from the principles of the fathers, as
we'll as from the prevailing principles Of
the sons, will be inevitable. The true
socialistic republic is not behind, but
before us.
DAVID TAYLOR.
Boston, Jan'y. Z, 1890.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
A Greenbacker to Hugh 0. PentecOst.

It seems to me from the item in a
recent number of the Twentieth Century,
on Money that you hardly "see the
cat" Gf l may use the expression).
have not risen high enough in the realm
of anarchistic philosophy as yet to even
conceive of a social condition without
existing legal Obligations The fact that
such obligations do exist necessitates
provisions for the extinguishment of
such obligations, else there is nothing to
limit the demand of the obligees on the
obligeors, except their own sweet will.
The history of mankind shows con-
clusively that it is unsafe to trust such
a power to the individual. The wisdom
of the world, concentrated, has created
in each sovereignty an exceedingly
limited supply of that legalized express
sion to liquidate legal obligations, and
which when rendered by the obligeor to
the obligee will kill the obligation and
free slave. This legalized expression
is called money" There is no such
thing as cosmopolitan money, for if there
were. and it was created in volume and
amount equal to the wants of production,
the occupation of the most powerful
army of thieves that is backed by
church and state would be gone.
You suggest that the national govern
ment take off the tax of ten per cent. "
on the circulation of state banks, and
thus allow their notes inc. money, mark
youl to compete with United States
money, and let the people choose. The
National Bank system is cunningy
devised scheme to rob labor, but bad as
il is, it is mild by the side of the old State
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
HUMBUGOLOGY.

Gunton on the Rack at the Liberal Club.
At a public meeting of the Liberal
Club held last Friday, Prof. Daniel De
Leon entertained a critical audience at
the expense of poor Gunton, who is on
the high road to ridiculous celebrity
and substantial comfort as the mutual
friend of Capital and Labor. Gunton
must have known beforehand of the
rack upon which Prof. De Leon intended
to stretch him, for he is a frequent
attendant and occasional speaker at
the Liberal Climb, whose lectures are
we'll advertised. He therefore kept at
a safe distance and allowed his 'logic"
to go against him by default. Had we
the heart of torturing Gunton for the
presumptuousi ignorance or contemplate
servility which he displayed in his
recent CRITICISM" of Karl Marx, we
could not do it better than by publish
ing Uerbatim and entire the scornful
reply of Prof. De Leon. But there are
alternating circumstances that the lat
ter did not take into account, and that
initiate strongly in favor of the poor
fellow, In the first place, to contend,
against Marx, that the profits of Capital
are derived not from the unpaid exer-
lions of Labor, but from Nature and
the "Skill of Capital" is on its face suf-
fcient evidence of lunacy. In the
second place, the fact thatGuntons elucu-
bration was published in such an autor-
lied and authoritative exponent of Hum
bugology and Bamboozlosophy as the
Popular Science Quarterly is sufficient
evidence of its dishonest purpose.
Thirt ", it gave Prof. De Leon an oppor-
tunity of explaining the Socialist theory,
not according to Gunton, but according
to Marx, to a number of intelligent and
cultured people, who had heretofore
neglected to inform themselves on that
important subject. To be brief, there
are many circumstances at this juncture
that may not only be called extenuating
as to Gunton personally, but that make
it extremely desirable that Capitalism
should send out its paid apostles to meet
common sense with nonsense, the gospel
of humanity with the doctrine of selfish
| ness.
The debate that followed Prof. De
Icons lecture was participated in by
Prof. Van Buren, Denslow, Messrs.
Boucher, Thaddeus B. Wakeman, l..
Sanial, Mrs. Leonard and others. In
his concluding remarks Prof. De Leon
drew an eloquent picture of the physical
degradation of labor on one side, and
the moral degradation of the ruling
classes on the other side, under the
present economic system.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
(OFFlCIAL)
N Q + | c {

New YORK, January Z, $780, Our
New Haven subscribers and advertisers
are hereby notified that we have closed
up our branch office in their city, and
that Comrade F. Serrer, 81 George ST.,
New Haven, has been appointed to col
lect all sums due the WoRKMEN's AD-
voCATE.
THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE,
Benz. j. Crotch, Secy.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
DIRECTORY OF AMERICAN SECTIONS

BALTIMORE Meeting every Sunday at 8 o'clock
pm. at Turner Hall, fl6 Z. Baltimore street;
free discussion every meeting. Ira Dean,
1lO4 Z. Preston street Organizer, G. tleisch-
man, 1922 Bank street.
BOSTON, MASS Public agitation meetings at G.
A r. Hall, GIG " ashingtd rect, every sun
day evening at 40 o'clock. Free to all.
business meetings, first Tuesday evenings In
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Absolutely Unfit.

We frankly confess To having no great
regard for bishops, as bishops; but es IN
we are astonished at the recent charge
of the Bishop of Rochester to the clergy
of his diocese. What do our readers
think of this episcopal deliverance3
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
NOT ES.

Having clipped his January coupons
and reinvested large proportion of his
half-yearly income, William K. Wander
bilt is packing his trunks for trip to
Europe. He needs rest and recreation
after such heavy work.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18

l.. Sanial will deliver a lecture on the
individual Man in the Social Organ
ism" before Nationalist Club No. 3 on
the first Sunday of February,
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18
Nationalist DOings.

Prof. Daniel De Leon will again
stretch Gunton on the rack Of logic at
the weekly meeting of the Nationalist
Club No. 3 of this city, to be held next
Sunday, P. M, at Spencer Hall, ia
West l4th street. Those who like to
see rash critic of Karl Marx scien.
tifically dissected should not fail to
attend.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18

Rev. w. d. D. Bliss, the eloquent and
wei, known Christian Socialist and Ma
tionalist of Boston, will lecture at Heber
Newton's All Souls Church on Wednes-
day evening, January 80
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1890-01-18

1t seems that there is no robbery so
mean and no crime so great that