Morning journal and courier., 1889-09-28

permit him to be present, eighty-two will be a majority of the Republican caucus. Mo Kinley of Ohio is apparently Reeds most formidable rival.
 AGIPsY MECCA IN SCOTLAND. Quaint and Tiny old Yetholm-The
 TeviOt ValIeY-A History Of the GiP.
 sies-AnthonIus GaWino, . Chlef-A
 Hearty Welcome and Q Talk With
 the NOnads.
 JEDBuRG, Scotland, Sept. IA. the Editor of the JOURNAL AND COURIER:
 A sunny little world almost entirely to themselves have the largest Romany colony now known in Great Britain, my Scottish gipsy friends of the most secluded of all Tweed-dale hamlets, quaint and tiny old Yetholm. The little place nestles lovingly among the picturesque fells near the source of the beautiful Bowmont water which di- vides Yetholm into twin hamlets, about vation of ground, the village on the northern shore of the stream being called Town Yet holm, and the one on the southern bank, to which my pilgrimage was made, Kirk- Yet holm. It is in Kirk Yetholm that the gip- sies live, and have had their homes much as they have them today for four hundred years.
 The valley of Yetholm lies in the heart of the eastern district of Roxburgshire, which comprises the parishes of Linton, Morebat- tie, Hownam and Yetholm. On all sides rise the noble Cheviot Hills, more beautiful and charming in reality than anywhere paint ed in all border minstrelsy, shutting in the vale from the outside world, accessible by only two roads SO hidden, as one wanders about old Yetholn, that no egress from the romantic spot can anywhere be seen. But winding between the Cheviot peaks one thoroughfare leads to Kelso, and another to Jedburg, through most entrancing scenes. That trailing along to Kelso gives noble views of the region at the junction of the Teviot and Tweed, and of the ruins of Rox- burgh Castle, celebrated in border history. Just beyond where 1t leaves Yetholm, through the eircuitous opening in the hills, is the famous Cherry-trees Manse, reference to which ever brings broad smile upon eve- ry Scotch face; for it was here that the fa- nous David Williamson, a persecuted Pres- byterian clergyman, who afterwards ninis- tered at St. Cuthbert's. Edinburgh, was put by the lady of the Mause into bed with her own daughter, "bodY and boots," to escape the pursuing dragons, by which meaus the reverend Cherrytrees Davie, as he was ever afterwards known, ''was saved, but at the expense of the young lady: who, however, afterwards became the first of the reverend gentleman's seven wives."
 Over to the westward up the Teviot valley the other sinuous road leads to Jedburg, where any pilgrim to Yetholm leaves the railway for glorious drive among the Che viot Hills. Here are the enchanting Teviot valley and river, the "sylvan Jed" of Thom- son; and at the hard old burg itself, the scene of countless grim and gory clashings in border warfare, in olden times scores of male gipsies were hanged, and dozehs of fe- male gipsies drowned in Teviot's singing wa- ters. Indeed here originated the term "Scotch justice," or "Jethart justics," inc plying the practice of first hanging and sub seouently judging oulprit. At Jedburg is also still seen the house in which Queen Mary lodged after her visit to Boutwell, at Hermi- tage; roomy, vast old structure with a quaint turret behind like 8 mansion-house of the time of Charles II. The entire region is filled not only with interminable romances of border chivalry, but every kill, stream and mountain glen is given weird fascination by remains of Roman camps and fortresses, with unoounted relics in tumuli and crom- lechs of Gaelic age beyond. Over-shadow- ing Yetholm itself are the peaks of Castle Law and Camp Hill, where are found the re- mains of Notifications, each enclosing a oir- conference, defended by double losses and ramparts, while upon the summit of Yet- holm Law are the remains of Roman camp, quadrilateral in form, in which an urn of brass containing five hundred Roman coins was discovered. It Is within this historic and romantic vale that the tawny descend ants of Aryans, ooeval with Vyasa himself, ners or foroible intruders who once we'll nigh | overran Scotland.
 Gipsies came into Scotland from Ireland about the year fifteen hundred. So consum- mately shrewd were they in carrying out | their assumption of pilgrimage under the | leadership of Anthonius Gawino, Earl oi Little Egypt, and of being under commando | of the Pope to wander seven years without sleeping in a bed, that they actually secured
 
 1 ". It was the same old trick they haG played throughout all Europe, and played SC well that we find they wandered up an6 down France, under the eye of the magistra l cy, not for seven years only. but for mor' | than hundred years. without molestation 1 This Anthonius Guwino seemed to be di l plomat by nature. He invsigled King Jame
 into giving him very strong and sympa thetic letter to his uncle, the King of Den 1 mark. in which the gipsy chief and his vag | abond followers are spoken of as "Anthoni
 us Gawino, Earl of Little Egypt, and tn, | other afflicted and lsmentable tribe of hi
 retinue. whilst, through desire of travelling | and by command of the Pope, pilgriminl l over the Christian world" etc., which show Scottish king was complete, whether or no his testimonial ever benefited them in Den
 mark.
 Until nearly half century after this, al
 though the gipsies had already become trou
 blesome, their true character had not beer
 discovered. James v. entered into leagu,
 with "John Faw, Lord and Earl of Littl
 Egypt" in 154O, directing all in authority fl his realm to compel the return to Faw's sub
 mission all those Egyptians who had rebellet
 against him, and that ali officers should as
 sist in detaining and punishing those people
 "in conformity with his laws" 50 that, a
 the edict read, "the said John have no caus
 of complaint thereupon In time coming.
 This edict further charged all officers of tn
 realm to command masters of all ships a
 ports and havens where the said John ant
 his company might come to receive them
 and, on expenses being paid, to convey then
 to their own country. This was only
 shrewd bit of manoeuvering on the part o
 Flaw, who, being pressed to take himself an'
 tribe out of the country, pretended to hi
 followers rebellion against him, and secure,
 this unique edict in his favor to give color o
 necessity to prolonging his and his people,
 stay in Scotland. This Flaw, whose shrewd
 ness stamped the genuine gipsy upon hi
 character, WAS undoubtedly the progenito
 of the many tribes of Faws, Faas or Fallt
 who with the Baillies (formerly Bailyowi the present gipsy Baileys of our country have been the most numerous and noted (
 Scottish gipsies, and whose descendants, q
 Flaws and Falls, have found in respectabl numbers and condition throughout the Un ted States.
 Scottish gipsies received no molestatio , worthy to be called such until 1570, whe ]. James VI. "took the government into h