The Mason County journal. [volume] (Shelton, W.T.) 1886-1927, 1889-07-19
MILITARY DIVISIONS.
The Armies of the Civil War and BY Whom
They Were Commanded.

The Armies OF the civil war ana by Wn0A
They Were Commanded.
The armies of the United States
were commanded during the war Of
the rebellion by President Lincoln as
commander-in-chief under constitu-
tional provision; and under him. as
general commanders, by Brevet Lieu
tenant-General Winfield Scott until
November 6, 1861; by Major-General
George B. Mcclellan from November
6, 1861, to March II. 1862; by Major
General Henry w. Halleck from July
II, 1862, to March II, 1864 (there
being no general commander between
March II and July IL, 1862; and
Lieutenant-G General and General U. S.
Grant from March IL. 1864, to March
4, 1869. The first of the principal
armies into which the force of the
United States was divided was the
Army of the Potomac. This army
was called into existence in July, 1861,
and was organized by Major-General
George B. Mcclellan, its first COM
mander; November 5, 1862. Major
General A. E. Burnside took command
of it; January %. 1868. Major-General
Joe Hooker was placed in command,
and June 81, 1868, Major-General
George G. Meade succeeded him. The
Army of the Ohio was organized by
General ID. e. Buell. under a general
order from the War Department.
dated November 9. 1861. from troops
in the Military Department of the
Ohio. General Buell. remained in
command until October 80. 1862. when
he was succeeded by General w. S.
Rosecrans. At this time the Army
Of the Ohio became the Army of the
Cumberland and a new department of
the Ohio was formed and Ma Or-Gen-
eral H. G. Wright assigned to the
command thereof. He was succeeded
by Major-General Burnside, who was
relieved by Major j. G. Foster
If the command of both department and
trmy. Major-General Schofield took
command January 90. 1864. and JAN
nary II, 1868, the department was
merged into the Department OF the
Cumberland. The Army of the Cum
berland was formed OF the Army of the
Ohio, as above noted. 1t continued
nnder the command of General Rose
Grams until October. 1868, when Gen
eral George H. Thomas took command
Of it. The Army of the Tennes-
see was originally the Army of
the Western District of Tennes-
see, fighting as such at Shiloh.
1t became the Army of the Tennessee
on the concentration of troops at Pitts
burg Landing under General Halleck,
and when the Department of the Ten
nessee was formed, October l6, 1862.
the troops serving therein were placed
nnder the command of Major-General
O. S. Grant. October 81, 1868, Major
General William T. Sherman was ap-
pointed to the command of this army;
March II, 1864, Major-General j. b.
Mcpherson succeeded him; July 80.
1864, Mcpherson having been killed,
Major-General 0. o. Howard was
placed in command, and May 19, 1862,
Major-General John A. Logan sue
ceeded him. Other minor armies
were the Army of Virginia. which was
formed by the consolidation of the
forces under Major-Generals Fremont,
Banks and Mcdowell, by order of the
War Department.. August II. 1862
Major-General John Pope was placed
in command, but after the disastrous
defeat of this General at Manassas the
army as such was discontinued and it's
troops transferred to other organize
tons. The Army of the James was
formed of the Tenth and Fourteenth
corps and cavalry, and was placed un-
der the command of Major-General
Butler. It's operations were carried
on in conjunction with the Army of
the Potomac. Other temporary ar
engagements of the troops formed
the Army of the Mississippi in
the Mississippi river operations
in 1862; the Army of the Gulf in
Louisiana in May. 1868; the Army of
West Virginia, in the valley of the
Shenandoah. in May. 1864, and the
Army of the Middle Military Division
in Virginia in the fall of 1864
Chicago Inter Ocean.