Woodville Republican. (Woodville, Miss.) 185?-current, 1889-12-14
nEvrsroN OF THE rARrFr LAW.

recommend O revision OF our Tarln law,
schedule. The need Of the former Is gener-
ally conceded, and an agreement upon the
evils and fiiconvenienceS to be remedled
will probably not be dlfficult Uniformity Of
valuation at all our ports Is essential, and
effective measures should be taken to Sc:
cure It. 1t is equally desirable that
dcations should be promptly decided.
THE CIRCULATING MEDIUM.
A table presented by the Secretary Of the |
Treasury showing the amount of money OF
all kinds in circulation each year from 1878 |
to the present time, is Of interest It aP.
pears that the amount OF National bank |
notes in circulation has decreased during |
that period Sll4,lo9T2s, Of which $7.-
The Withdrawal of bank circulation will
necessarily continue under existing cQndi.
tions. 1t is probable the adoption OF the
suggestions made by the Comptroller Of the
Currency, viz: That the minimum deposit OF
bonds for the establishment OF banks be re-
duced, and that an issue of notes to the par
value OF the bonds be allowed, Would help 70
maintain the bank circulation, but while this
withdrawal of bank notes has been going on
there has been q large increase in the amount
Of gold and silver coin in circulation anu Ia
the issues of gold and silver certificates.
The total amount of money OF all kinds in
circulation on March l, 1878, was $SO5, l93 .607,
while on October l, 1899, the total was 81 ,lOS,.
0lS,000 There was an increase OF $2sS, ~ ,Soz
in gold coin of S57 ,554 100 in standard silver
dollars; of {72,slI ,2i9 in gold certificates; of
S276,6l9,fl6 In silver certificates, and of $l4,.
073, ,7S7 in United States notes, making total
of $7lS, ,4Os. There was during the same
period a decrease of $1ll,l09,729 In bank cir
culatlon, and of 642,ISl in subsidiary
silver. The net increase was $S99,224,.
l93 The circulation per capita has
increased about five dollars during the time
covered by the table referred to. The total
coinage of silver dollars was on November ],
1889, S343, ,63S 00l, of which S2S3 ,539521 were in
the treasury vaults and S60,09S, $50 were in
circulation. OF the amounts in the vaults
$277 ,3l9 94 were represented by outstanding
silver certificates, leaving Sc, ,29l 5T not in cir
culatlon and not represented by certlncates'
THE SILVER COINAGE.
The law requiring the purchase by the
treasury of two million dollars worth OF sill
yer bullion each month, to be coined Into
silver dollars OF four hundred and twelve
and One-half grains, has been observed by
the department., but neither the secretary
nor any of his predecessors has deeme d lt
| safe to exercise the discretion given by law
to increase the monthly purchases to four
million dollars.
THE DANGERS OF FREE COINAGE OF SILVER.
think it is clear that II we should make
the coinage of silver at present rates free We
must expect the difference in bullion values
of the gold and silver dollars wul be taken
account of in commercial transactions, and
| fear the same result would follow any con.
siderable increase of the present rate of
| coinage. Such result would be discredit'
able to our financial management and disas.
| LfOuB TO all business lnIeTebJS. We SHOutu
| not tread the dangerous edge of such
| peril, and, indeed, nothing more harmful
| could happen to the silver interests Any
safe legislation upon this subject must Sc
| cure the equality of the two coins in their
commercial uses.
THE BEHRING SEA PROCLAMATION.
The proclamation required by Section 3 OF
| the Act of March 2, 1899, relating to the kill
| ing of seals and other fur bearing animals,
was issued by me on the 2lst of March, and a
revenue vessel was dispatched to inf0rce the
laws and protect the interests OF the United
States. The establishment of Il refuge sta
tion at Point Barrow, as directed BY Con.
gress, was successfully accomplished.
OUR COAST DEFENsEs.
Judged by modern standards we are prac-
tically without coast defepses. Many of the
| structures we have would enhance rather
| than diminish the perilS ef their garrisons
II subjected to the fire of improved guns,
and very few are so located as to give full
effect to the greater range Of such guns as
we are now making for coast defense uses.
This general subject has had consideration
in Congress for some years, and the appro.
priation for the construction OF large rified
guns made one year ago, was, l
am sure, the expression OF a
purpose to provide suitable works in which
these guns might be mounted An appro;,
priation now made for that purpose would
not advance the completion of the works be-
yond our ability to supply them with fairly
effective guns. The security of our coast
cities against foreign attack should not rest
altogether in the friendly disposition of
other nations. There should be second line
wholly in our own keeping. / very urgently
recommend an appropriation at this session q.
for the construction OF such works In our
most exposed harbors.
A WISE SUGGESTION.
approve the suggestion of the Secretary
of War that provision be made for encamp-
ing companies of the National Guard In our
coast works for specified time each year
and for their training In the use of heavy
guns. His suggestion that an increase OF
the artillery force of the army Is desirable is
also In connection commended to the con-
slderation of Congress.
RIVER AND HARBoR IMPROVEMENT
The improvement of our important rivers
and harbors should be promoted by the nee.
essary appropriations. Care should be taken
that the Government Is not committed 70 the
prosecution of works not of public and gen
eral advantage, and that the relative useful
ness of works of that class is not overlooked.
SO far as this work can ever be said to be
completed, do not doubt that the end would
be sooner and more economically reached II
fewer separate works were undertaken at
the same time, and those selected for their
greater general interest were more rapidly
pushed to completion. work once consid'
erably begun should not be subject to the
risk and deterioration which interrupted or
insufficient appropriations necessarily occa-
sion.
THE PROTECTION OF THL JUDICIARY.
Tho assault made by Daviu 8. Terry upon
the person of Justice Field, of the supreme
Court of the United States, at IathOrp, Cali
in August last, and the killing OF the
assailant by deputy United States mar
shall, who had been deputed to accompany
Justice Field and to protect him from an
tlolpated violence at the hands of Terry, in
connection with the legal proceedings
which have followed, suggest questions
attention of Congress. / recommend that
more definite provisions be made
by law, not only for the protection
cases in the United States Courts. In recon-
mending such legislation do not at all i'm
peach either the general adequacy OF the
provision made by State laws for the protec
tion of all citizens or the general disposition
of those charged with the execution OF such
laws to give protection to the ofhoers OF thC
United States. The duty Of protecting It's
officers as such and of furnishing those who
assault them on account of their official acts
should not be devolved expressly or by ac
Qulescence upon the local authorities.
WITNESSES SHOULD BE PROTECTED.
Events which have been brought to my
; attention happening in other parts of th'
country, have also suggested the propriety
of extending, by ylegislation, fuller protection
TO those who may pc @ eaiie9 as Witnesses ss @ ~
compels those who are supposed TO have
knowledge of public offenses to attend upoI
CUR courts and grand turies,. and to give
evidence. There is manifest resulting
duty that these witnesses shall be protected
from injury on account of their testimony
The Investigations of criminal ofenses arr
OIUen rendered iutlle, anu Viio punlsnilhoh
of crime impossible, by the intimidation o
witnesses.
JUDICIAL COMPENSATION.
, The salaries of the judges of the Dlstric
1 Courts in many of the districts arc, In m!
Z Judgment, inadequate. recommend tha
I all such salaries now below 200 per annun
! be increased to that amount. IL is quite tru'
that the amount of labor performed b!
! these judges is very unequal, but as they cal
! not properly engage in other pursuits Z
| suppiement their income, the salary shoult
I be such in ali cases as TO provide an inde
/ pendent and comfortable support.
, TRUSTS SHOULD BE MADE oDIoUs
Earnest attention should be given by Con
gress to a consideration of the question hov
far the restraint of those combinations o
: capital commonly called trusts" is matto
Q of Federal Jurisdiction. When organized, a
: they often are, to crush out all healthy com
s petition and to monopolize the production
J. or sale of an article of commerce and gen