The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1889-10-31
THE DANGEROUS DAMP CELLAR.
How It Can Be Improved When Not Pos
sible to Entirely Avoid It

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How It Can Be Improved When Not Pos
sibie to Entirely Avoid 1t.
Not one person in fifty realizes how
important a bearing the cellar has
upon the health of those who live over
it. The consequence is that part of
the house is generally more or less ne
elected, being either damp by reason
of i'll construction, or otherwise un-
healthy from lack of care and cleanli-
ness. Here in Boston damp cellars
are the rule, especially in certain lo-
calities, and, yet, in hiring house, if
that grave defect exists, it has COM
paratively little influence so long as
the location is satisfactory. And, be-
sides that, in the section in which,
considering the character of the soil,
an underground cellar is sure to be
damp, builders go on putting them
under houses just as was done half
century ago, when less was known of
the dangers of such defects than there
is now.
In Dorchester district, for instance,
the subsoil is clay, and Il is doubtful
ifany one knows to what depth that
extends. Old masons in that region
say there is scarcely q dry cellar there,
and that It Is practically impossible to
make one underground which will be
dry; and still almost oil new houses
there have them under them. Of
course, where the soil is clay, one can
by system of drainage keep cellar
free from water, but there is no sure
way of perfectly drying it; and If it is
at all damp, then it is absolutely un-
healthy, and no one can live long
over it without suffering evil conse-
quences.
The wise builder on clay soil
makes his cellar above ground, using
exceeding care in the construction of
his foundation, being sure TO have al
least two feet of solid concrete under
his floor timbers. AS for drying an
old. damp cellar in a clay soil, as in
timated, the one who undertakes it is
going to fall short of absolute success,
although many masons will say to the
contrary. Simply filling it up will do
no good whatever, for the filling will
soon absorb the moisture like o sponge.
If one will not raise the house and
make radical changes in a cellar of
That sort, he can improve its condition
much at comparatively trifing ex-
pense.
The first thing is to look to his
drain. In former times stone drains
were used almost wholly, and, al
though drain pipes have, to great ex-
tent, displaced them, yet in draining
cellars the old style of drain is the
best, being much less likely to choke
up. But in making drains of stone
our forefathers did not always show
the best judgment and build them
properly, but oftentimes they were SO
imperfectly constructed they soon
filled up.
Soevery cellar drain ought to be care
fully examined and, of course, relaid
If defective. 1t is next to impossible
to make water tight an old cellar wall,
which is banked up with earth, without
going to considerable expense. Really,
about the only way would be to lay
an inside wall of brick, raising it about
two feet at time, and filing the
space with cement ''tamping" the
same in solid. But something may be
gained by pointing" well an old
wall.
If the floor is not cemented, of
course it must be SO, and besides
pitching toward the opening in the
drain it would be well to make a shall
low gutter in the cement floor all
around the walls, the same to end in
the drain. Then any water which
came in would quickly run off. At
the point where it is to run into the
drain there must be trap. These are
the provisions for keeping an old eel
lar clear Of water. But they do not
insure freedom from dampness,
which, as said before, is sure to exist
in a cellar with clay bottom
The best means which suggests it.
self to obviate the dampness and foul
air under these conditions is to build
fireplace in the cellar and connect it
by drain pipe with the chimney, en-
tering the same above the kitchen
stove. Dampers must, of coure, be
put in. There will need to be little
fire kept in the fire place two cords
of wood might last the year round.
By that means all the bad dir would
be drawn from the cellar up the chin
ney, and it would also be much drier.
Boston Herald.
The fires used IN blowing Venetian
glass are made of wood, coal being
useless on account of its generating
too much smoke and gas, which pre-
vent the delicate ornaments used in
decorating the various objects from
adhering.
Professor Lexis, of the university Of
Gottingen, has published a work in
which he proves by statistics that the
German universities have twice as
many students as can possibly hope TO