Connecticut western news., 1889-09-18
MAKING COD LIVER OIL.
IT DOESN'T ALWAYS NEED COD
 LINERS.
A Good Place For Oonsumptives te
 Visit.

AIIlerlCdu COu 1ltcI Oll IS uduC HI Portland. The flyers of the cod, had dock, pollock, hake and cusk are used in the manufacture. Only about one- third of the American output of this oil is procured from cod flyers.
 From September until March the flyers are fat and ill the best condition. A bucketful of ivers will then yield about six quarts of oil. Only four quarts of this, however, can be made suitable for medicinal purposes; the remaining two quarts is of an inferior quality and is used by curriers'.
 From March to June the ivers are thin and inferior, and will yield only one-half as much oil. Cod liver oil for medicinal purposes must be made from flyers of fish that have not been dead over forty-eight hours. Fishing vessels on their long trips to the banks save the fish flyers in hogsheads and sell them to the oil manufacturers for thirty cents per bucketful. From these flyers an inferior quality of oil is made that is used by tanners.
 Up to about three years ago the most primitive means were used for obtain ing oil from flyers. The results were very unsatisfactory, and the best DOT ton of the flyers was wasted. The old method was to expose the flyers to the action of the sun until the oil was dried out. Only small percentage of oil was thus secured, and the resi- due was thrown away as useless. now every portion of the liver is used. The method is to put the flyers into a large tin-lined vat having coil of per- forated steam pipes in the bottom. A pressure of thirty pounds of steam is put on the boiler, and the steam es- caping through the perforations in the pipes saturates the flyers with hot steam and thus tries out the oil. In half an hour after steam is turned on all the oil that can be procured by trying out will have arisen to the sur- face. The ivers, now termed ''blub- ber," will have sunk to the bottom of the vat. The oil is bailed off and put into barrels to cool and settle, after which it is refined by being al- lowed to freeze till it is of the con- sistency of thick mush, when it is put into drilling bags and the pure oil pressed out in heavy iron press. The oil that is pressed through the drilling is considered refined, and after being put up in new barrels of forty-tive gal Ions each is sold to the wholesale druggists for about 36 cents per gallon. From these it passes to the retail drug gists, who sell it for $4 or $5 per gal lon. Running the oil through char coal and sand has been tried as a re. fining process, but it was found to be vastly inferior to the freezing and pressing process. Refined cod liver oil, when subjected to the same tenn perature at which the crude oil was frozen, will change its color and as sume milky appearance. The refin. ing process leaves in the bags sub- stance resembling lard in color and consistency. It is stearine, or ''tanner's grease" and is used as a dressing fol morocco.
 The blubber left in the bottom o1 the vat after the trying out is allowed to work and ferment for forty-eigh1 hours, and is then pressed. After the pressure has continued for fourteen hours all the oil is secured that remains in the blubber. It is inferior oif, o1 which there are six grades; it is worth about 25 cents per gallon, and is used by curriers' in dressing, tanning, and coloring leather. There is left in the bags substance of the color and con- sistency of dry mud called "scrap,' which is sold to farmers as fertilizer at $9 per ton.
 The best quality of cod liver oil comes from Norway. It is much clearer and winter than the American oil. It is put up in tin casks holding 30 gallons each, enclosed in wooden barrels. The claim is made that nc livers except those of the codfish are used in it's manufacture, but the Amer ican manufacturers strongly suspect that it owes it's remarkable clearness to its having been mixed with seal oil. Twenty dollars per gallon is consid- cred low price for this oil, and it sometimes goes as high as $28. Amer ica is the largest buyer of Norwegian oil.
 Newfoundland cod liver oil ranks next to the Norwegian oil. It is made entirely of the livers of young cod caught off the Labrador coast. Port land has cod liver oil factory that produces 500 barrels per year-30O barrels of refined oil for medicinal pur- poses and 200 barrels of sscurriers oil."
 Cod liver oil has long been recog- nized as a valuable remedial agent, but it is not generally known that some times when the oil fails to effect cure the steam arising from the trying-out vats will succeed.
 A consumptive here, in almost the