The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1889-11-23
Correspondence Baltimore County linton.
LETTER FROM WASHINGTON.
The u. S. of Brazil-How History is Made
Our Own Country Honored - The
PanAmerican Congress-Contest
for the akership-Prepar-
ing for the Meeting of Con-
gresS - High License.


WASHINGTON, D. c., November 10th, 1889.
Nessrs. Editors 1.-THE United States of Brazil !"
How will this strike the boys and girls of our
this very moment that all the South American
states or countries, except Brazil, are republics
and that Brazil is an empire On last Monday
the teachers told them that Brazil too is a re
public" They open their eyes. How can that
be? What has transpired since their leaving
school on last Friday evening to change their
Biographies ?' They did not know that any
thing was going on to make such change and
they looked at their teachers in wonder. Well,
they were no more surprised than all the rest OF
mankind seems to have been when they heard
the same news. So incredible was it that most
persons, even those of the greatest intelligence
and most interested and best posted about the
affairs of Brazil refused to believe it, and many
thought it was only canard to affect the markets
in London, New York and elsewhere interested
in the Brazilian trade in coffee and other pro-
ducts of that country. Our highest government
tai officials here knew nothing about it when the
news first came and nothing was further from
the expectations of either them or the Brazilian
delegation here than such Transporting. No one
was more surprised than the Brazilian minister
himself and no one was harder to make believe it.
Yet such was the fact. The revolution had been
one of the quietest and most peculiar known in
history-no bloodshed, no noise, and yet most
complete. and the Emperor not only deposed but
eXiled from his country, and all in one night. 1t
is said that it was on account of Countess Isa-
bella, the heir to the throne and daughter of the
Emperor She was most heartily detested by the
Brazilian subjects and it seemed to have been
well settled matter in the minds of the people
that she should never come to the throne that
after Emperor Dom Pedro republic, or perhaps
even before his death. The Emperor himself
was so much of q republican that it was thought
not improbable that he would even abdicate in
favor of the establishment of republic, especial
ly if it was the wish of the people. But the per-
sons who expected the revolution did not wait
much respect for him as to offer him no vio-
lenee, and it is even said they offered him the
first Presidency Of the republic which ts he a rec
that il almost impresses one that Emperor Dom
Pedro was not 10th to give up his imperial throne
or that he was too liberal and magnanimous TO
oppose the wishes of the people.
Brazil, AS every school child knows who studies
geography, is the largest country in South Amer
ica nearly quite as large as all the rest put to-
Rether Ii has an area larger than that of the
United States and has about l2,0O0,tOO people.
school children OF America no doubt are sur
prised when they first come To study the geog-
raphy of South America and find the first coun-
try called United States Of Columbia not
knowing of any other" L nited states" than those
they live in. and hereafter, if the republic of
Brazil remains permanent latest dispatches say
that there Is lighting in the streets OF lilo Janeiro
and the republic may not remain permanently
and the provinces ratify the republic. they will
have another United States" 10 study. As the
country Is composed of a number OF provinces
eof which the school children from their geogra-
phies learn but littlel. If the republic becomes
stable, these PROVINCES or such OF them rs come
into the republic will become states, like the
states of the United states.
our country is highly honOred in having this
new republic, as also the republic OF tine United
states OF Columbia, called united States" after
IL and all the governments OF the modern repub-
lies of both Americas patterned after our gov
eminent. But the lesson that school children
should learn is that political geography is con-
tinually changing and history is continually
making this being one OF the striking as well as
ed here of the revolution in Brazil the Brazilian
minister was in suspense and awaited the con
frmation of the news. But since its confirmation
not only he but also the delegates from that coun
try TO the Pan-American Congress and the Inter
national Marine Conference, now in session in
this city. have resigned their several positions
The delegates to the Pan-American Congress,
who have enjoyed one of the most delightful eX-
cursion tours ever given in this country, having
returned from swinging around the circle"
yesterday settled down to business in the Wal
ZACH Building in this city, with Hon. James G.
Blaine presiding. Hopes of the greatest com
mercial and Interior to that perhaps, political
benefit to all the countries concerned, including
our own and all the Central and South American
republics Brazil now also being a republic,
though she is not now represented her delegates
having resigned) are entertained as likely to re-
suit from this congress. Some have endeavored
to give Mr.. Cleveland the credit for the conve-
ming of this congress, but it is well known fact
that Mr.. Blaine conceived the idea of it while he
was Secretary of State under President Gar
fields administration, even if it was not enter
tanned before that. Only the formal legal steps
towards its converting were taken during MIR.
Cleveland'S administration and he signed the
formal call for it.
"The plot deepens' so far as the fight for the
Speakershp of the House is concerned, and so
does all the darkness and mistiness belonging to
it. All the candidates are now here and can be
seen at their several headquarters. where they
are each glad to see any individual or group of
Congressman who are willing to drop in and
pledge himself or themselves to vote for any one
of them. But one of the surprising facts is that
as yet up to this writing. there are not more
than about thirty Representatives in the city,
and it is a legitimate inquiry why the delay of
the Republican Representatives in coming. Is
it because they are afraid that they will be
caught and dragged into one or the other of these
headquarters and compelled by force to pledge
themselves to vote for a particular candidate 7!
Or is IL that they are not ready yet to commit
themselves on the Speakership question and de-
sire to keep out of the city on that account as
long as they can. But they will shortly have to
face the music" 1t is no small thing for Rep
resentative to make the mistake of not voting
for the successful candidate, for he has the max
ing up of all the committees and he may not
drop into the place he desires on these commit
tees if he has not voted for the right man. Hence
it may be the reticence of the Republican Con-
gressmen in coming to the city soon and also not
pledging themselves on voting when they get
here. However, it is generally the case that all
or nearly all, there being but very few excep-
lions, have pledged themselves to vote for one or
the other of the candidates before the caucus is
held. Very little can be said of the fight so far,
except that Reed, of Maine, is in the lead and
has the most votes pledged to him and Mckinley
is next.
All the heads of departments here have been
busily engaged for some time past in getting up
their annual reports for Congress and it is be-
lieved that the work in all the departments is
nearly completed. The President has also been
busily engaged on his annual message. which he
cannot complete until the reports from the sew
eral departments have been handed him, and
pending which he found time last week to run
over into Maryland a few days duck shooting.
The District Commissioners here, having dis
erection in the matter of issuing license for the
selling of liquor. are pursuing very discreet
course, which will meet the approval of the peo-
pie, of refusing license to many salOOn-keepers
thus endeavoring to cut down the number of
saloons Their plan is in the direction OF that of
high license, or what would be effected by high
license, but will not be quite so etfectual. How
ever. if carried out to the extent they propose it
cannot help but do great deal of good by lessen
ing the number of saloons. u.