Sacramento daily record-union., 1889-10-05

Tor an orchard is upon Well-0ralned lan0, |
protected from the driving cold winds of
winter by belt of forest trees or hedge
of evergreens.
The finest pear orchard, and the one
that produced the most fruit, that sold for
the highest prices, was an orchard of about
100 trees worked and manured as market
garden. This garden was kept under con-
slant cultivation and thoroughly manured
each year. Some Sickle trees yielded
twenty-eight bushels per tree; Bartletts
eighteen bushels. Selected fruit sold at
wholesale at 50 80 to So per bushel
Owing to strong competition among
many amateur growers, prices are much
reduced, but even this season sound, fine
Bartlett pears command 81 80 to 81 per
bushel, wholesale Some of our finest pears
are grown and shipped here from Jersey.
For family use, ten trees of each variety
here named will be found sufficient. Good
sized, thrifty trees should be chosen, and
they should be planted in rows, twenty
feet apart each way, kept well worked, all
interlacing branches cut off, and, when the
soil is enriched, made so by well-rotted,
fine compost. Too much manuring VIII
cause the tree to blight. Barren soil and
neglected cultivation will yield but mea
ger returns in fact, scarcely pay for the
use of the ground.
Those having faith in pear culture
should prepare the ground, get the trees
from reliable nearby nursery, and plant
them early in the fall the last of October
is the best time The soil is in good con-
dition then, and the tree roots will be
ready to shoot out and grow very early in
spring, before the soil would be fit to work.
Let the trees be well staked and tied with
rye bands, to keep them from being blown
about by the winter storms.
Fruit culture is delightful occupation,
and some of the foremost intellects of the
nation have found rest and recreation
among their gardens of fruit. Those fol-
lowing it for living will find much to be
done the year through, but, if the will is
there, success will follow in time-Balti-
more american.
FARM NOTES.
Leaves are excellent for covering tur-
nips that are to be stored in mounds during
the winter.
Sheep and cattle should have separate
hay-racks, as the rams are sometimes very
vicious, and may do injury.
Ashes make a splendid fertilizer for
young grass that is just springing up, and
enables it to root well before cold weather
comes on.
Willows along the banks of stream
greatly aid In protecting the soil from
washing should floods occur Willows are
easily grown from cuttings.
Apples are used for food at the expert
ment stations in making tests and the re-
suits demonstrate that if they cannot be
proftably shipped to market they can be
fed to stock with advantage.
The New York Tribune says that lard
softened with kerosene until it will lust
flow in summer heat makes as good oil for
mowers, ETC., as that sold by dealers at 100
per cent. proft-much better than some of
it.
When potatoes are fed to hogs, particu-
larly those which are fattening, they should
be boiled, mixed with meal and mashed
while warm. A big wooden beetle can be
used in MASKING them, when turned into a
barrel
When storing cabbage for winter place
them in trench with the heads down and
stalks up. If the trench cannot be made
on high ground place the heads on the
ground and bank up well SO as to shed the
water of.
Instead of using the inferior apples for
making cider, to be converted into vine
gar, only the sound, unblemished fruit
should be put in the press as the quality
of the cider is affected by the condition of
the apples.
The cause OF milk sickness, says Mr..
Benjamin Spradlin, of Kentucky is lobelia,
which is eaten by the animals. Lobelia,
after 1t has so far matured as to produce
seed, will invariably produce milk sickness
after it is eaten.
1t is suggested that no food is more
greedily eaten by pigs, at any age, than
beets Succulent vegetables are relished
by pigs, and 1t is better to vary their
rations than to feed the swine on corn ex-
clusively. They are less liable to cholera.
The poppy forms network of roots that
cannot be exterminated without great
difficulty. French engineers are now SOW
ing newly-constructed railway embank-
ment with poppies, with view to prevent
their destruction by heavy rains.
The longer the corn-fodder remains
stacked in the field the darker it will be-
come in color from exposure, and the
greater the deterioration in the quality of
the blades. Bright fodder is more highly
relished by stock, as it is tender, while ex-
posed fodder gradually becomes tough.
Peach trees will sometimes partially re-
new themselves if the dead limbs and
twigs are cut away. In this manner a
tree may be induced to bear year or two
longer, but when the tree is old, and the
new wood grows slowly, it may be of little
advantage to attempt to prolong its ex-
istence
The time to apply lime is in the fall, so
as TO allow it time to act on the soil The !
beneficial effects of lime may not be ap-
parent until the second season, much de- |
pending upon the condition of the soil !
and its composition. 1t should be applied |
on the surface, to be carried down by the |
rains, and not plowed in.
1t should be set down as rule and !
strictly adhered to, that no noxious plant |
should be permitted to mature its seed on |
any part of the farm or along any roadside |
connections to the farm. 1t is the bounden |
duty of every farmer to destroy and utterly |
exterminate the weeds on the roads that |
pass through or along his farm.
Small breeds of fowls lay as large eggs
as do the large breeds. The Black Span
ish produces the largest eggs. The Leg
horn, which is small fowl, lays large |
white eggs. The Brahma and Cochin,
which are the largest breeds of fowls, lay
dark eggs. They are also excellent winter
layers, but are slow in reaching maturity.
Ounce trees are benefited by heavy
manuring more than any other fruit trees,
and il the ground around the trees is well
covered with manure this fall the benef-
cial effects of the manure will be very
marked next spring. Too much manure
around peach trees, however, sometimes
does harm, but light covering of compost
viii be beneficial