davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Farm and stock Notes.

1t costs good deal to keep lice, and they
are mighty Improbable stock. See that
your animals are free from them.
When limb is cut from a tree it should
be as close to the body as possible. The cut
should be a smooth one, without bruisng
the bark, and the cut surface should be COW
cred with some kind of cheap paint mixed
in oil.
Six thousand ducks are annually market
ed from the farm of prominent vet un-
ostentatious farmer in Massachusetts,, who
comprehends the idea of handing his stock
in way to yield him a return quick, with
little expense for their Ike eping.
Upward ventilation, or venti lation at the
top of the hive is said to be abandoned by
the largest beekeepers, especially in outdoor
wintering. PLENTY of bottom ventilation
for both outdoor and celler wintering is con-
sidered sufficient.
1t is a curious fact. so announced, that If
cider is scalded to 125 or 130 degrees, it will |
not make vinegar, as this heat destroys the
bacteria that form vinegar. This same
temperature destroys the bacteria in the
silo, and this is perhaps the explanation why
it remains comparatively sweet.
An exchange insists that calves, colts and
all young animals should be treated 50 that
they will come to you as to friend. If you
feel ugly and must kick something, let it be a
log or a stone wall, or something that will
rot suffer. A few experiments in this line
may cure you of the habit of feeling ugly.
One f the very best places to keep sweet
potatoes during winter is a tight loft or
room over the kitchen, so constructed that
the heat from below can readily be utilized
in warming the loft or upper room. The
two important things about keeping sweet
potatoes in winter are to keep them dry
and warm enough to prevent their freez-
ing.
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Give the Cows Horns a Chance.

Charles w. Devoe owns large stock
farm in Connecticut, and he says there are
many farmers in the Nutmeg state who de-
horn their entire herds.
SIT is true" said he, ''that many human
lives have been lost at the point of the
horn, and the intervals between times when
men have been gored to death by vicious
bulls are comparatively short; but 1 must
say that this practice of dehorning spread
like contagion all over the country, and
many farmers dehorned not only their
vicious cattle, but all animals that had
horns. Even calves are subjected to such
barbarous treatment, and it was only a
short time ago that l saw an advertisement
of a chemical preparation which, it is said,
will prevent the horns from growing if the
stuff be applied to the tender structures.
The farmers object in dehorning his cattle
indiscriminately is simply to economize
stall space. He can have his COWS run loose
in the stable without any fear that they will
injure one another. Now, if we look at it
from moral standpoint, we must admit
that the man who will dehorn
a poor cow and torture her to simply
satisfy his avarice or crafty bis vanity
is committing crime. A law should be
passed to stop the practice. In the next
legislature in Connecticut / intend having
something done in regard to this matter"
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Experiments bal Fee ding PIGS.

The object of some experiments made at
the Kentucky station was to determine the
relative value of shelled corn, cornmeal and
corncob meal for fattening purposes and
the length of time these feeds would pro-
6uce pork at paying figure In this trial
it was found that cornmeal does not fatten
so we'll as shelled corn Nitrogsnous food
produced less flesh but a more hardy de-
velopment than did non-nitrogenous foods.
The following is a brief summary of the
results:
l. Shelled corn produces fat more rapidly
than other feeds tested.
2. Corn produces fat at a cheaper rate
than other feeds tested.
3. Shelled corn produced pork at a profit
for sixty-three days Cornmeal produced
pork at profit for sixty-three days. Corn
cob meal produced pork at a profit for
flfty-four days
4. The Chester Whites fattened more
readily than the Thin Rinds on the same
quality Of food.
5. The nitrogenous foods produced so little
gain in live weight that it may be attributed
to growth and not to fattening.
g. Cotton-seed meal could not be fed
rrofitably.
z. Much corncob meal was wasted in
feeding, being picked over and refused.
s. The pigs fed on nitrogenous foods were
so much stronger than the others that they
caused them serious injury when turned out
TO run together.
9. OF the nitrogenous foods tested, that of
corncob meal and ship stuff in equal parts
was the cheapest.
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Popular Science.

A Swi IS inventor has perfected method
Of making artificial boards, and is advocat-
ing their use in building. They are made
of mixture OF plaster of paris and reeds
The material has the advantage OF incom-
bustioility and lightness, and will resist
the warping action of atmospheric changes.
The belief that smoke from soft coal may
have beneficial sanitary effects is gaining
ground. 1t is claimed that the sulphur in the
coal when burned becomes sulphurous acid
gas. well-known disiDfectant. Further,
that creosote and it's allied products are
thrown off with the fumes of bituminous
coal, and that an atmosphere charged with
carbolic acid must be freer from germs of
disease than an apparently purer air.
The morning news., 1889-11-11
ANTIQUITY of the Reaper,

The invention of the reaper, or more
properly speaking of reaping machine, is
of unknown antiquity. The lder Pliny,
vino was born when Christ was but 10 years
of age, and who in his mature years be-
came historian well as naturalist, de-
scribes re a per used in his day by the Low
land Gauls. This clumsy device, which
would hardly compare with Mccormick
of the year A. D. 1889, consisted of wagon
or cart provided with shafts, into which
one or two oxen were yoked with tn cir
heads facing he dashboard; that is, PROV d.
ing, of course, they used dashboards in
tho Sc days. To the hind part Of the cart,
or to W hat would be the fore part, this curl
GUS machine being run tail first, was at
ia ached bar provided with sharp spikes set
at an angle which adm tilted of their coming
together at the base a sho rt distance, say an
inch, from where they ere driven into the
bar before mentioned. Each Of these early
reapers was provided with two men, one to
drive and the other to rake in the heads Of
the wheat as they were cut or pulled off by
the sharp-toothed combing machine. A
machine, similar in all its details to the one
Just described. was used in England up to
abo ut the time of George III.
In 1893 an Englishman by the name Of
Boyce was awarded the first patent on a
reaping device.
The first American patent was taken out
in 1908, by the firm OF French g. Haw-
kins. Then came the Ten Eyck and Cope
and Hooper patents, which were issued in
1926.
In 1928 preacher by the name of Bell In
vented a rude reaper in Scotland, which
went the way of all the world without
practical results.
The first machines to command public
attention were those made on the plans
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Keep Stock in Good Condition.

The profit Of farming, says the american
C@lttUator, depends more in these days upon
the kind and condition of farm stock than on
any other one factor. At the approach of
winter especially the condition of stock be-
comes a matter of the greatest import
ance. 1t used to be common to let animals
run down in flesh at this season, not pur-
posely, but because the farmer thought as
long as cattle and sheep could get living on
frosted grass it would be waste to take
them into the barn and feed grain. But it is
much more easy to retain fat and flesh upon
animals than it it is to regain either after a
period of starvation. During the running
down process there is weakening Of vitality
and especially of the digestive organs, until
at last even an abundance of the most nutri-
tlous food does the animal no good. Ami
mails past their prime, and whose vitality is
naturally small, suffer worst. We have
seen old sheep and even old cows get so poor
IN the fall that the most tender care during
The winter could not save them until
spring.
Ihese are extreme cases, of course, but it
Sreasonable to suppose that eny falling off
IN condition must result in some loss. Not
.nat animals, especially those intended for
breeding. should be fattened. Fat is not
'nritt. 1t is the hearty and in young animals
growing condition that should at all times
pe fostered. There should always be an
abundance of nourishing food, enough to
properly distend the stomach and give the
ugestive organs abundant exercise This is
for ox,s lie -.
young, and that for reason not often con-
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Testing Soils by the Color of Plants

Testing Soils by the Color of Plants
M. Georges Vile. a French scientific agri-
culturist, after almost thirty years of assid-
uous researches on the experimental farm at
Vincennes, has made remarkable and i'm
portant discovery of a relation existing be-
tween the color of plants and the richness
of soils in fertilizing agents. His conclu-
sions, recently reported to the Paris
Academy of Sciences. deserve consideration
by all farmers and horticulturists.
He finds that the color of the leaves of
plants undergoes marked change whenever
the soil is lacking in phosphate, potash, lime
or nitrogen. The color remains light green
or turns to yellow when the soil is deficient
in phosphate, potash or nitrogen. When
none of the fertilizing elements are wanting
the color is dark green.
By his experiments. NJ Vile furnishes
agriculturists with positive indications by
which they can determine with the greatest
facility what kind of fertilizer the soil
needs most or in what elements of fertility
it abounds. His experiments should be re-
peated by our department of agriculture
and the results published. The practical
information which might thus be supplied
to American farmers would enable many
of them to make two blades of grass
grow where one now grows"
The morning news., 1889-11-11

sidered. The ability to feed well. important
as 1t Is known to be. is largely hereditary.
Wesee this in all animals bred especially for
their fattening characteristics. Take the
most thoroughly bred shorthorn COW, her
self an excellent feeder, falling into the
hands of careless, negligent farmer and
naf starved during the time she
Is bearing her calf, and what is the results
Nine times out of ten she will bear a scrub,
inheriting not the thrifty characteristics of
either parent, but bearing through life the
condition imposed on it during its prenatal
existence by the starvation and suffering of
its dam.
Wehave been much impressed while visit
ing fairs this year with the fact that the ex-
cellence of stock, no matter how thor
oughly it is bred, must after all mainly de-
pend upon the care and skill given to the
caring for it. Men sometimes say that peo-
pie usually make for themselves the condi-
tions of life. If this is true anywhere it is
especially so in stock growing. A careful,
skillful and intelligent farmer will have
good stock, even though be do not indulge
in fancy and expensive strains of thorough
bred and registered animals. What he has
will constantly and steadily improve in all
desirable qualities. Such a farmer is blind
to his own best interests, if in these days he
does not avail himself of the progress that
others have made, by purchasing, or at least
using, pedigreed animals. But in the Older
times, when pedigrees were unknown, the
difference in farm stock of the good farmer
and Of the lazy and careless one was nearly
as marked as it is now. The good farmers
stock grows better, while the other as steadi
ly grows poorer.
Even for milk production, as is wei
known to most farmers, hearty, thrifty
condition is quite as important as it is for
the production of fat. No cow was ever a
cook mixer, or of much value for dairy pur
poses. that was not good feeder. We may
say the same Of any animal bearing young.
The size. vigor and vitality of the unborn
animal are fixed by the conditions of it
dam while bearing it.
The morning news., 1889-11-11

furnished by the Manning patent, which
was issued in 1881. Obed Hussey and c. H.
Mccormick invented the first machines, in
1888 aud 1884, respectively, which proved to
the world that the harvesting problem was
forever solved
The morning news., 1889-11-11
Preparation and Care OF Cuttings.

1t does not seem to be generally under
stood, says the american AgricuIturist,
that nearly all varieties of cuttings can be
easily callused or ooted before it is time to
plant tn em in the spring. The cuttings are
made in autumn, after the leaves fall, and
tied firmly in little punches of so or 100
each. Each bundle should be marked by
using two slips of pine, painted one side with
white lead, or yellow ochre, and the name
distinctly written with lead pencil in the
fresh paint. This is covered by tn q other
slip, and the two are tied together with a
piece of thread. This is firmly tied in the
bundle, and it will not be necessary to guess
at the name of the cuttings. They are
stored through the winter eli ther by placing
on bed of moist earth, butt end own, or
in a trench two feet wide and four inches
deeper than the b light of the cuttings The
cuttings are placed compactly in this trench
butt end up, and covered with three or four
inches of rich garden soil. When the ground
begins to freeze they are covered deeply
with stable manure. straw, or leaves, put
cuttings. In the spring this manure is re-
moved, and the soil over the cuttings lev
eled. If it gets dry it is sprinkled with
water and kept moist. but not wet, and
when the time comes to plant the most
varieties will have good roots started, W hile
the buds are dormant. and when planted
they are more sure to grow than if not so
treated. The trench should be made on
groud where W ater does not stand. For
some of the choicer varieties of or apes, or
other cuttings wanted early, cold frame
placed over the trench in the spri ng, after
the manure is taken off. will forward them
sevaral davs
The morning news., 1889-11-11
DEPARTMEN T
The Field, Farm and Garden.

We solicit articles for this department..
~hsnans of ths writer should accompany
,belstssr or article. not necessarily for pub
,;..tIon, but as an evidsnce Of good faith.
The morning news., 1889-11-11

APPROXIMATION PRIZES.
$50 Prizes OF $50, app. to 10000 Prize. s 5000
$50 Prizes of $50 app. 10 10000 Prize. $500
$50 Prizes of $40 app. TO 10000 Price. 5000
799 Terminals Of $40,
decided by ....... 5000 Prlze... 1880
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-08-03
Struck Him as About Right.

Little girl (reading newspaper arti-
Gle in relation to Henry NJ. Stanley
During his march across this portion
of the Dark Continent he appears to
have incurred the greatest prevarica-
tious-
Mother Cooking over her shoulder)
Haven't you made a mistake, Ethel?
/ think the word is privations.
Father (who has his doubts about
Stanley)-Don't interrupt her, Maria.
Prevarications is the right word. Go
on, Ethel. Chicago Tribune.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-08-03
Pictures Made by Electricity.

Tie latest novelty in which cleo
TRICKY plays part is one of the put
your money in the slot-and-see-it-go
style. 1t is higher priced than its pre-
decessors, but you get more for your
money. This one costs a quarter. You
put yourself in a satisfactory position,
cook up proper smile. look steadily
at spot designated, drop in your two
shilling piece, wait about five minutes,
and snapshot photograph comes out
complete. In military parlance the
whole is done in one time and two mo
tons. The machine can't make any
change, but you can make it give you
two pictures for one price if you and
your girl are sufficiently well ac-
ouainted to stand very close together
when the quarter goes down the slide.
Electrical Review.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-08-03
ABOUT SUNDAY WORK.
The Question Considered from a Strictly
Physiological Standpoins.

The Question Considered from a Strictly
Physiological Standpoins.
The question of Sunday work has, of
course. Il moral side, and it is that side
which most strongly influences many
who are striving to lessen the evil.
Psychologists are universally agreed
that men need, for purely physiological
reasons. one days rest out of the seven.
There is plenty of evidence upon this
question, all pointing in the same
direction, and the conclusion is newt
able that the almost universal desire of
workmen for rest on Sunday, and
their strong objection to working con-
tinuously every day, is the result of a
natural physiological law, which, like
all other laws of the kind, can not be
violated without some one having to
suffer the penalty. There is good
reason for believing that many rail-
road accidents are directly traceable to
physical and mental exhaustion of
train-men caused by the strain of
severe and exacteng duties, performed
without relaxation for a period of time
beyond that which is allowed by ma
ture. And in the case of street rail-
way employees, who are required to
work from twelve to sixteen hours
every day, Sundays included, it is
probable that society suffers, and will
suffer, large share of the penalty.
For the presence in the community O:
q considerable body of men to whom
civilization means almost, if not quite,
nothing, upon whom society has i'm
posed burdens almost intolerable and
infinitely heavier than are imposed by
nature as condition of living-we say
that the presence of a body of men
living under such conditions is a
menace and danger to republican in
situations. Machinist.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-08-03
FAILURE IN A GARDEN.

Before made my garden, o was happy man,
l read the seed store catalogues and ioyfully
would plan
How lots OF luscious egtables 1 easily could
raise,
And figured up the profits that, they say,
garden pays. ~.
OF patent fertilizers. fancy garden tools and
seeds
bought about as many as q Western farmer
needs;
hired men that wouldn't work, and, rising
with the lark,
dug till time for business and finished in the
dark.
After made my garden, Oh was a woful man,
The chickens scratched my pretty beds, the
dogs upon them ran,
The cats pitched battles on them fought, the
cows ate all my corn,
And hog that tried TO bite me always rooted
there at morn.
Then came drought that burned to dust my
garden; then a flood
And pelting hail and hurricane turned every
thing to mud;
Then, like the plaques Of Egypt, swarmed upon
me flies and bugs,
Inch worms, moles, cut worms, locucts, cater
pillars, crows and slugs.
With paris green, tobacco, sulphur. SCOT and
nclleDOre
dosed that insect army, but they only cried for
more;
spoiled my clothes and patience in the blazing
sun and rain,
And got myself so dirty that always missed
the train.
AL summer long wrestled, while my perspir-
alton drops
think would fill the barrels had ready for my
crops,
And though wasn't able to supply one dinners
needs,
took the prize of champion for raising famous
weeds
Before I made my garden, Oh! Twas a happy
man,
But afterwards my troubles and experience be-
gan.
Now, if some city greenhorn like myself would
care to reap
The profits of garden, I will sell out very
cheap.
H. c. Dodge, in Detroit Free Press.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-08-03
FANClES OF FASHION.

Notes Concerning the Latest Foreign and
Domestic Dress Novelties.
The hem of a widows veil is deeper
than ever.
Mutton leg sleeves are becoming to
every one.
Narrow plaitings are no longer used
to finish the edge of dresses.
Fruit is only occasionally used as
decoration for hats and bonnets.
Sailor hats in colored straw are effect
lively trimmed with black lace.
Nainsook morning jackets have their
entire front laid in narrow tuclzs.
Dressy young married ladies wear
white tulle wells with capote-snaped
bonnets.
Many of the summer dresses made
with thin fabrics have bodices without
darts.
Mourning is worn for longer period
in the United States than any other
country.
The directoire ruf1le of white or
black lace is one of the features OF
summer gowns.
The ribbons used for sewing in rows
on net dresses are generally two inches
wide.
White silk brocaded or lace parasols
are not seen to advantage in an unex.
pected shower.
Scarf wells three-eighths of a yard
wide, scalloped on the lower edge, are
worn with travelling hats.
Twenty yards of ribbon is very
meager estimate of an allowance fol
trimming on summer dress.
Sailor hats, which are again used for
summer wear, are much more trimmed
than they were last season.
Sage tea mixed with little bay run
is an excellent wash for the hair and
prevents its falling out.
The handwriting of educated womer
"a generation ago was far more legible
than it is at the present time.
| An ancient fashion, revived by gen
tlemen of changeable tastes, is the
watch fob on the right side of the trou
sers.
Plain coat-sleeves are rarely seen
There is always some plating or full
ness at the top about the armholes.
Enormous sleeves are necessary ap
pendages to the light taffeta surah sill
dust cloaks worn by ladies when driv'
;nr -Cbicaoo NewS
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-08-03

meut who, surrounded by his officers
in council, scrutinized the prisoner
attentively.
"Where do you come fromP" he in
CURED in tolerable French.
From Ladonchamps, on my way
with these eggs to Grigy," was the
young mans reply.
care you aware that you run the
risk of being treated as a spy" pur-
sued his interrogation.
Necessity has no choice" retorted
de Langeais with a perfectly indiffer-
ent air.
During this brief colloquy, the Off
GERS glanced .curiously at the stalwart
Individual before them, whose appear
ance and manner contrasted so
strangely with the homely dress he
wore; and were almost unanimously of
the colonels openly expressed opinion
that he was no peasant, but an officer
in disguise, and consequently spy.
A pause. boding no good to the &C.
cused, ensued. and in another moment
his fate would have been sealed. when
a gray-haired major, who had been
intently gazing at de Langeais, sud-
denly rose from his seat.
Stay" he exclaimed, with all
submission, think you are mistaken.
This man, whoever he may be, is no
officer. All those we have taken
eprishners have been close cropped,
and no one ever heard of French
soldier on active service with such a
head of hair as that"
True. the major is right" assented
several of those present.
at may be so," said the colonel.
only half convinced, land in that case
he is entitled to the benefit of the
doubt. Give him pass. and let him
go and be hanged somewhere else."
"a narrow escape muttered Gas
ton to himself, as he left the camp. II
wonder what Bouchard would say if he
knew it."
A week later our hero reached his
destination, and delivered his creden-
tials to the general in command, by
whom the grade of lieutenant was i'm
mediately conferred on him. At the
conclusion Of the campaign he was
promoted to captaincy, and In 1871,
after the final rout of the Commune,
married his cousin Louise. In the fol-
lowing year, while on leave in Paris,
he came across his old enemy,
Bouchard, on the Boulevard DIES Ital-
lens.
"How goes it with you?" asked the
latter, as they were slipping their alb
sinthe together.
Admirable, replied Castor. "Here
am l, captain at twenty-five, Cheva-
lier Of the Legion of Honor, and the
husband of charming wife; and all
this-no thanks to you, by the way,
Bouchard-because l saved my hair"
Charles Hervey, in the The Argosy.