davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07

TIE legislature should not think of adjourning until something is done to amend the state convict law. The system as practiced the past two years does injustice to the peo- pie and lrreparable injury to the States reputation.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07

DAN LAMONT, President Cleye- lands private secretary, refused s60OO back pay voted him by congress. This is nothing remarkable in dem ocrat, although in a republican it would indicate a decided change for the better.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
THE annual statement of The Mu.

THE annual statement of The Mu-
 tual Life Insurance Company of New
 York shows the remarkable progress
 made by this institution during
 twelve months. The record made by
 the Mutual eclipses It's own best eff.
 forts, and naturally exceeds that of any other financial institution in the
 world, The new business written amounted to sl03,3I4,26l.3 .32, an in- crease of s33, 3,756. .792.95 over the new risks assumed in 1887, and 8 gain of $49, 1881, ,542 over the business of 1886 showing & continuous and phe
 nomenal advance. The assets of the Mutual Life now aggregate $l25, 5,0S2,- l53,56, indicating gain for the year of s7,275,30l. The Company has now an outstanding insurance ac count amounting to 4S2,l25,lS4. Its total income from all sources is reported at $26, 6,215,932. It pald to its members during the year for death claims and endowments and other obligations $l4,727,550.22. Up to date the Mutual had l5S, ,369 policies in force, showing gain in mem Der ship for the year of II, ,426, thus form ing the biggest army of policy-hold CTS in any regular Life Insurance in the world, The surplus fund was increased s1,645, 5,622.ll In 1880, and the Mutual now has ST. 340, ,063 B over and above every lia- 1ilIty.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
Ghe Demotrat.
Sub bscription. s Per Annum
 PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
MARCH z, 1889.

SENATOR Breckinridge deserves to be condemned in the strongest terms for skipping Bill Chandler's ears. He should have slapped his mouth.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07

REMEMBER. that the payment of all Prizes is GUARANTEED BY FOUR MA TIONAL BANKS of New Orleans, and the Tickets are signed by the President of an In- stituti0n, whose chartered rights are recogniz- ed in the highest Courts; therefore beware of any immitations or anonym ous schemes"
 ONE DOLLAR is the price of the smallestS part or fraction of a Ticket ISSUED BY US in any Drawing. Anything in our name offered for less than g dollar Is g sMindle.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07

SOME of the State press are sug- gesting that the Clayton brothers write & postscript to their celebrated
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07

Address Registered Letters to NEW ORLEANS NATIONAL BANK,
 NewOrlpanl Ia
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
DoDD, TEXAS, July II, 1888.

Knowing that you appreciate vol untary testimonials, we take pleasure in stating that one of our lady GUS toners has regained her health by the use of four large bottles of 5. s. after having been an invalid for sev ereal vars. Her trouble was extreme debility, caused by dissase pecul jar to her sex.
 WILLIS & Co. Drupulsts.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
PREMIUM ARNICA SALVE

Is an indispensable household remedy for the certain relief and cure of chap ped hands and skin, burns, cuts, bruis- es, flesh wounds, sprains, pimples, fes- ters, scrofulous sores, barher's itch, ec- zema, letter, chilblains, etc., being pre- pared from the latest discoveries in med . icine and according to the art of phar- macy. It cannot fail to give satisfac- tion. For sale by John A. Jungkind, Druggist, Little Rock. s06 and sos Main street. Price 25 cents a box.-Jan. 10 'S9.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
a,1a4 Prizes amounting to.

oslo4 ETiLcs amounting to ..s....... $l,uo4,o ,ouU NoTE.-Tickcts drawing Capital Prizes are not entitled to Terminal Prizes.
 ~FOR CLUR RATES, or any further in- formation desired, write legibly to the under signed, clearly stating your residence, with State, County, Street and number. More rapid return mail delivery will be insured by enclos- ing an Envelope bearing your full address. Send POSTAL NOTES, Express Money Or ders, or New York exchange in ordinary let ter. Currency by Express tat our expenseJ addressed to
 M. A. DAUPHIN,
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
BalIard's Snow Liniment.

BalIard's Snow Liniment.
 BILLIARDS SNOW LINIMENT Is the most penetrating qualities, that it effects such wonderful cures of Neuralgia and Rheumatism. It draws all poisonous secretions to the outside surface, and promotes a nat ural circulation of the blood. Try BalIard's Snow Liniment at once and you will never be without it. A bot tie of Ballard's Snow Liniment and Ballard's Horehound Syrup should be in every house.
 J. w. Wells, Agent.
 Old friends and old ways ought not to be disdained.
 Williams Australian Herb Pills.
 If you are Yellow, Bilious. constipat- ed with Headache, bad breath, dFowsy. no appetite. look out your Liver Is out Of order. One box of these pills will drive all the troubles away and make a new being ofyou. Price % cts.
 Y. J. W. WELLS, Agent.
 The morning hour nss gold In It's mouth.
 Advice to Mothers.
 Are you disturbed at night and brok- en ot your rest by a sick child suffering and crying with pain of cutting teeth 2 l so, send at once and get a bottle of MRS WINsLow's SOOTHING SYRUP FOR CHILDREN TEETHING. Its value is in- calcuiable. It will relieve the poor lit- tie sufferer immediately. Depend up- on Il, t,mothers, there is no mistake about 1t. It cures dysentry and diarrhea, regulates the stomach and bowels, cur es wind collie, softens the gums, reduo- es inflammation, and gives tone and ener- gy to the whole system. MRS. WIN SLOWS SOOTHING SYRUP FOR CHILDREN rEErHING is pleasant to the taste, and is the prescription of one of the oldest and best female nurses and physicjans In the United States, and is for sale by all druggists throughout the world. | Price 25 cents bottle. Jan. 7-8S.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
M. A. DAUPHIN.

New UrIeans, La. Or, N. A. DAUPHIN,
 Washington, DC.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
From Texas.

About seven years ago had the measles, and before the disease left me it attacked my lungs, and gave me what the doctors pronounced Con sumption. From the clearly defined symptoms, and the fact that mem bers of my family had been afflicted that way, I am confident they were correct in their diagnosis. suffered terribly for about five years, hecom ing almost a living skeleton, with death constantly staring me fin the face. I finally concluded to try Swifts Specific as an experiment. l began to improve while taking the first few bottles, and after using a dozen or more found myself hale and hearty, and with no symptoms of the disease left. 1 honestly believe S. s. s. will cure Consumption if talk en ln time. Very truly,
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
.ZZzazazzzp@.a IF10D | I<&-<
 Commissioners,

We, the undersigned Banks and Bank. CTS will pay Prizes drawn in the Louis- jana State Lotteries which may be pre- sented at our counters. R. M. Walmsley, Pres. La. Nat'l Bank. Pierre LANAUx, Pres. State Natl BanA A. BALDWIN, Pres. N. o. Nat'l Bank. CARL KoHN. Pres. Union Nat'l Bank. GRAND MONTHLY DRAWING, At the Academy Of MusIc, New
 Orleans, Tuesday, March
 12, 1889. CAPITAL PRIZE, $3OO.OOO. 100, ,OOO Tickets at Twenty Dol lars each. Halves $1O; Quar-
 ters 80; Tenths $2;
 Twentleths $1.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07

SwIFT's SPECIFIC is entirely a remedy, and is the only medicine which has ever cured Blood Humors and kindred diseases. Send for our books on Blood and Skin dIs eases, mailed free.
 THE SWIFT SPECIFIC co.
 Drawer 3, Atlanta, Ga.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
Good Advice.

Three years ago l was compelled to throw up my place because ol blood poison. have heen railroad. ing for years, and my condition may be imagined when I had to give uI 8 good job because of sickness. Hot Springs physicians and mercury did me no good. Through the advice of another 1 began taking s. s. s, and to day am we'll and at work again What more can I say for the medi- cine, except "go and do likewise"
 JASPER NocHT.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
MUSTANG LlNIMEhT

MEXICAN MUSTANG LINrNEST should al ways be kept In HousE, srABi.K and fnctoTy.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
MUSTANG LINIMENT

MEXICAN husrASa LtEInEsr eonquers sPAvIsz, SCRATCHES and ssRAns in HORSES and MuLxs.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
MUSTANG EMINENT

MEXICAN MUSTANG LrNIxEsT, used vigor- s1sly Is death to swtansy. Wind Calls Sore Backs.
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
MUSTANG LINIMENT

MEXICAN MUSTANG LISIaKsT cures Puxsl OLD BokEs. CAKKDP P w-ali IkyI-AssAnoA
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
MUSTANG EMINENT

MEXICAN MUSTANG LISIMEsT r-abbed Sn Avs many valuable Horse and Mules haba
The Russellville Democrat., 1889-03-07
AdYiea to Mothers.

The morning hour nss gold ln It's mouth.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
Water Curtains for Theaters.


And now comes another idea for q
fire-proof curtain for theaters---this
time from Sweden. II IL interesting,
as being suited for old theaters whose
construction will not sustain the
weight of iron curtains. The chief OF
the fire brigade in the city OF Malmo,
Herr o. Berggren. has constructed q
fre-proof curtain for theater, which
he calls q water curtain" IL con-
sists OF two sheets OF canvas, stepped
in e-proof compound, joined to.
gether at the bottom and sides in such
a manner as to leave fair space be.
tween, with water mains running to
the top, and when fire breaks out, and
the water being turned on, the inter.
vcning space becomes filed with
water, forming solid wall OF water
between the audience and the scene.
Lately, experiments were carried out
with the curtain in an improvised
structure in Malmo, in the presence oil
the officials OF the town, architects and
others, when pile Of faggot-wood
was heaped up against the curtain aud
set fire 10. hut the flames made no i'm.
preston on IL, even when petroleum
was poured upon the fire Albany On.
W Argus.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
DURABILITY OF RAILS.
The Comparative Wearing Qualities
Iron and Steel,

The Comparative Wearing Qualities OF
Iron and Steel.
The comparative wearing qualities of
iron aud steel rails formed very fruit
full topic Of discussion at one time in
railroad circles, but the question sud-
denly lost its vitality when the price
OF steel rails fell below the cost of pro-
duction OF iron rails. 1t is, therefore,
n matter of much less interest than
would have been the case, say ten
years since, to note the experience in
this respect Of the Wabash railway,
which he's just been made public The
company removed from its tracks this
fall some iron rails which had been
first laid down in 1856, AID about the
same time they took up some English
steel rails which were first used in
1873. The iron rails, after u life of
thirty-two years, were sold TO be re-
manufactured, and the steel rails,
which had been used for fifteen years.
were relaid on branch road, where
they are expected to last for twelve TO
fifteen years more. The "expecta-
ton OF life' in either case would there
fore seem to be nearly the same, with
the difference in favor of the iron rails,
probably due to the fact that the latter
began their career in an era of less
traffic, slower trains, lighter loco
motives and smaller freight cars
Nevertheless, the facts cited go far to
sustain the DOsitiOn of the erstwhila
advocates OF the continued use Of iron
rails, that well-made iron rails would
sustain the wear and tear OF regular
railroad traffic as we'll as steel rails.
1t is worthy of note in this connection
that the Wabash steel rails cost $l03
per ton, in gold, in 1873, and that the
old iron rails were sold this fall for
more than threc-fourths the price OF
new steel rails, ton for ton. - Iron Aqe
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
A Terrible Misfortune.

II is a calamity of the direst kind to feel
that ones physical energies are falling
In the prime of life--to feel more neryeless
more dlsperited, weaker every day. Yet
this Is the unhappy lot OF hundreds who
surround us. A source Of renewed strength
which science approves in behalfot which
mutltudes Of the debiltated have and are
every day testifying. and which, In count
less instances, has built up constitutions
Slapped by weakness aud in6rmity and
long unbenentted by other means, surely
commends itself TO nil who need tonic
Hostetter's Stomach Bltters IL such a
medicine-pure. botanic soothing TO the
nerves, promotive of digestion and fer
tillzer OF the blood. Dyspepsia and nerv.
ousness--the first u cause, the second a
consequence of lack of stamina depart
when coarse OF the Bitters 10 tried. All
forms of malarlal disease, rheumatism,
kidney and bladder trouble, const patton
and biliousness are anuihilated by this
standard family medicine.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13

If you have discharge from the nose Of
fensive or otherwise, partial loss of the
sense of smell, taste or hearing, eyes water.
ing or weak, feel dull or debilitated, pain or
pressure in the head take cold easily, you
may rest assured that you have catarrh.
Thousands of cases annually, without man
ifesting half of the above symptoms, termin-
ate in consumption and end in the grave.
No disease is so common, more deceptive,
less understood or more unsuccessfully
treated by physicians. The manufacturers
of DR.. Sage's Catarrh Remedy have. for
many years, offered a standing reward Of
$500 for case of Nasal Catarrh, no matter
how bad or of how long standing, which
they cannot cure. Remedy sold by drug.
gists, at so cents.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
How Calluloid Is Made.

While everybody has heard of, or
seen celluloid, only few know what
It is made Of or how it is made. The
following is a description of the pro-
cess carried out in a factory near
Paris for the production of celluloid I:
A roll OF paper is slowly unwound,
and at the same time saturated with a
mixture Of five parts of sulphuric acid
and two parts of nitric acid. which
falls upon the paper in fine spray.
This changes the celluose Of the pa
per into proxylin gun cotton. The
excess OF acid having been expelled by
pressure, the paper is washed with
plenty of water until all traces of acid
have been removed. It is then reduce
ed~to a pulp and passes on to TIE
bleaching trough.
Most of the water having been got
rid Of by means of a strainer, the pu D
is mixed with from 20 to 40 per cent.
of its weight in camphor, and the
mixture thoroughly trituated under
millstones. The necessary coloring
matter having been added in the form
of a powder, second mixing and
grinding follows.
The finely divided pulp is then
spread out in thin layers on slabs, and
from twenty to twenty-five of these
layers are placed in hydraulic press,
separated from one another by some
sheets of thick blottiDg paper, and are
subjected to pressure Of 100 atmos-
pheres until all traces Of moisture
have been got rid of. The matter is
then passed between rollers heated
from l40 to $50 degrees Fahrenheit,
whence it issues in the form of elastic
sheets.-Ex.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
ALPENA WEEKLY ARGUS.
MISCELLANEOUS.
THE SECOND WIFE.


Through yonder window draped with lace
Tho wiutry sunbeams foil,
And gid anew the frame that holds
Her portrait on the wall
10 ton stand before II here
And marvel ut her grace,
But she 10 dead and gone 10 dust,
And / am In her place.
She leans toward mo In her robo
OF gold-embroidered blue,
wdh eyes that read my very soul
She looks me through and thror
She gathers all the dying day
Upon her milk white breast
Hor rcd lips part, and seem to say:
:" He loved me, loved me bestr'
Within the shadowy mirror SGT
Above the mantel high
Turn and SEQ my pulid face,
No stately dame am I.
My childish form is 81 ght aud small.
In gray demurely gowuoj,
The yellow curls above my brow
With simple ribbon bound
But on the canvas at my side
Her royal figure stands,
With pearls about her lily throat,
And roses in her hands.
"Your beauty wins my jealous heart,
Sweet lips, my love has pressed.
All, me do not wonder, dear.
That he should love you best"
Upon the lonely hilltop, crowned
With mournful pines arrow,
Her headstone TO the rising moon
Is cleaning from the snow;
And down the long and CHASTITY road
Between his two young brides
The living and the dead-apace
My lover-husband rides.
His steed is stamping on the stone
His hand is on the door,
I hear the music OF his feet
Along the marble floor;
] run 10 meet his kiss and hide
My face upon his breast
The queenly dead-she loves you we'll,
But shall love you best"
-Mnna Irving, in N. Y. Mercury.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
A safe Investment

is one which is guaranteed to bring you
satisfactory results, or in case OF failure a
return OF purchase price. On this safe
plan you can buy from our advertised
druggist u bottle OF DR.. Kings New Dis
covery for Consumption. 1t Ia guaran.
teed 10 bring relief In every case. when
used for any Affection of throat. lungs or
chest, such us Consumption Inflammation
Of the lungs, bronchitis, asthma. whoop-
Ing cough, Group, etc. and can always be
depended upon. Trial bottles free at p.
j. Monaghan's drug store. ! S92yl
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
Merit Wins.

We desire To say to our citizens that FOL
years we have been selling DR.. Kings
New Discovery for Consumption, DR.
Kings New Life Pills, Bucklin's Arnica
Salve and Electric Btters, and have new
err handled remedies that sell so well, OF
that have given such universal satisfac
ton. We do not hesitate to guarantee
them every time, and we stand ready t.
refund the purchase price, IL satisfactory
results do not follow their use. These
remedies have won their great popularity
purely on their merits. p. j. Monaghan
druggist
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13

do you expect raise OF salay the
first OF the yearp" he inquired, as they
rode together Oh the rear platform oil
the car.
mot now
"Has any thing happened lately to
upset your expectationsp'
There has. had my salary cut
down four dollars n week. and was told
that / didn't earn half what / was get.
ting after that. Detroit Free Press.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13

. TowNsHIPs.
AlpeDa township,
l.eon Malnvi le, supervisor,
Wiiihm MOni,, township clerk
frank Lacomb, township treasurer
Ihoinas br-en, highway commissioner.
Maple Ridge township,
oIlNer fItzpatrsA, supervisor.
Junts H. lltus, TOW uehip clerk
frtuols lowing, township treasurer
simt King, highway CON missioner.
Long Rapids township,
lIaNld Il. Mar inGaie, supervisor.
Wilhelm IeltOy, township clerk
Ar'hW hcArthur. tOwush - treasurer
Char - kgating, highway COMMISSIONER.
Green township,
JOhh a. Nelly, supervisor.
Aiohzo Gteen, TOWNSHIP clerk.
Jamrs MHwniuney, township treasurer
JOhh Mckay, hIs nway com IA missioner
Wilson township.
IhaTits n. Wis.,. supervisor.
Nome NJ. BiackinIce,i, T. wnship clerk
WI iun CiHwiuid, township Treasurer.
james Napier, highway commissioner.
Sanborn township,
james l.. N,nbOrn, supervisor.
I'm q foland, tnwnshIp 81 TX
ftHuk ussick, township treasurer.
lhtiles belmUre, highway commissioner
Ossinekc township.
LzehiuI O,r,r, supervisor.
Gt"ig' w. Stolei. township clerk.
tmes w Hipentef. Township Treasurer
Nilet ID. Brooks, highway commissioner,
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13

Teacher (to history class)-"Where
did George Washington live after he
retired from public life ?"
No one seemed to know.
Teacher-Was it at Washington or
at Mt. Vernon ?"
Still no reply.
Teacher-Come, children, some OF
you must know ?"
Smallest scholar--"I know, teacher,
he lived in the hearts Of his country
Eek.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
A Narrow Escape.

Col. w. X Nelson. OF Brooklyn, came
home one evening, feeling peculiar tight.
ness in the chest. Before retiring, he tried
to draw long breath but found 1t almost
impossible. He suffered four days from
pneumonia, and the doctors gave him up.
DR.. Acker's English Remedy for Consump.
tion saved hm and he is well to-day.
Sold by II. Beebe.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
MORTGAGE SALE.

Default having been ma Ia Va che conditions OF
certain mortgage male by ". ". Aulrus, OF the
CITY and county Ot Alprnt ~tnG at MicAt ~. ="
Sst' a. l.. Warner, OF lhu ouuiG place, dtt'd the
seventh day OF May, eighteen hundred AMI seventy
seven, ana recorded ia The ntsr of ne itsst0g 81
Dools Tor Alpona cuunIy, Meal an on The ninth
day of say, eighteen hundr dAtid ,evrut Sc Won,
IA Libor one OF Mortga G., ~ ptgc 81, Which sud
ner, OF tho city ana uuLy VI AlpCul, state ot
Michigan, 10 samantha HltC cuok, az the same
pllor on tn seventh da! % May. eighteen hun-
drel ami seventy -srvyn, 10y uypl ut us, meat re-
corded IN the office of ..iia NultsttI 81 Deeds
the ninth day Of WAY, eighteen hundred aud
seven seven, in hbrr of mo- tgHge~, ut page SO,
on winch MOI gage there IL clam TO De quo NJ
the dAto OF this notice the sun " tuur hun he'd
and twenty-five Az dollars ana riXty -uIne 1901
cents, and no SUIT or proceedings ~ law having
been IuntItuted To recover the mUuuys secured by
sid mortgage, or Eny Bnt thereof;
now, therefore, by virtue ct Tho power OF sale
Contained IN said mortgage, aud 10 tho statute IN
,oh made aud PFC, ided. notice is hereby given
thai on "a URUAl, the IillklEtN / IL DAY
~ APnlL, ant en- hundred anu tishty-niue ~
two O'Clock III the afternoon, shall sell at public
ApGtion 10 the highest bid or at the front door of
the Court House, Chisholm TT eet, in the city of
Alpena, Michigan, that being the place whore the
Circuit Court for Alpena county Is held, the
pre- nisos described IN said mortgage, or 50. much
theroof as may be necessary ~ pay the amount
ade SAID mortgage, with seven per cent
In crest. and all legal costs; the premises be-
rar north half Of the mort hcust quarter OF section
number thirty-three 3d. township number thirty
two 1897 north OF range Fix east. The said mort
gage being gwen tor The purchase money.
SGMANThA HllCnCoCK,
By Julia +. Farwsll oxccu'riX Of the last will
. ID testament Of Samantha Hitchcock, deceased.
j. D. NEWTON,
Attorney for Mortgagee.
Dated at Alpem, Michigan, January i2lh, 1850,
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
Bncklen,s Arnica Salye.

The best salve in the world for cuts
bruises. sores, ulcers, salt rheum, fever
sores, letter, chapped hands, chilblains
corns, and all skin eruptions, and posi-
lively cures piles, or no pay required. Ii
is guaranteed TO give perfect satisfaction
or money refunded. Price % cents per
box. For sale by p. j. Monaghan, drug
gists. S02y1.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13
Take il i'm Tim e.

"For want OF nail, shoe was lost
for want of Il shoe, horse was lost for
want OF horse, rider was lost" Never
neglect small things The first signs OF
pneumonia and consumption can positive
ly be checked by DR.. Acker's English
Remedy for Consumption. Sold by IL.
Beebc
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1889-03-13


senator, 26th district, A Ddrew Hafshaw.
District consists OF the counties OF Alpena Alec
VA, losco. Ogemaw and Oscoda.
Population of district in 1884 was so, $50.
Representative, Alpena district, Edward X. Potter
District consists Of Alpena, Montmorency, aud
Otsego counties.
Population Of district in 1884 was MAO.