New-York tribune., 1889-12-31
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the sake of simplicity, and in the view overlook
| the fact that the sugar which you grow Is still
! lection one-haf then, of American labor enjoys
protective the other half of the products Of
the United states is furnished by mere feetrade
| t0ilers." Now, want TO ask whether the wages Of
the agricultural half are raised by the existence OF
| protective laws which the artisan half. This
you cannot possibly AFFIRM because 1t is an elementary
fact that given the quantity OF labor in the markeD
they are governed by the prices Of the commodities
they produce, and that those prices free-trade
prices. You have frcetrade tOilers' all over your
country and by their side you have protected artisans
ask then. next this question Is the remuneration
Of the "free-trade toers" all things taken into ae
count, equivalent to that of the protected artisans
II it ia not why do not the agricultural men pass over
into the provinces Of demand for manufacturing and
mining labor, and by augmenttng the supply, reduce
and equsze the rate7 Which is like asking, How
eOma it that a man is content with one loaf when
| two are offered hm7 The answer would be He IS
not content: whenever he can, he takes the two and
leaves the II follows that in this case there exists
no excess Of wage for him to appropriate
AMERICA TIES A HEAVY CLOG UPON HER FEET.
WILL then proceed to set forth some Of the causes
which by giving exceptional energy and exceptional
| opportunity TO the work of production in America,
seem to allow Gn homely phrasel of her making ducks
and brakes large portion of what ought to be her
accumulations, and yet, by virtue Of the remainder
OF them, TO astonish the world.
l. Let me observe, first. that America produces an
enormous mass of cotton. cereals, meat, oils, and
other commodities, which sold in the unsheltered
market Of the world at such prices II will yield.
The producers fined for the benefit OF the pro
tected interests, and receive nothing in return; but
they obtain for their country as well as for the world
the whole advantage Of vast natural trade-that IS
to say trade which production is carried on at a
! minimum cost In capital and labor as compared WIN
what the rest Of the world can do ~
>. America invites and obtains in remarkable
degree from all the world one of the great elements
| OF production. without tax Of any hnd-namely,
5. While securing to the capitalist producer a
monopoly in the projected trades she allow all the
|
or qualify any corresponding monopoly IN the class
| 4. She draws upon bank Of natural resources
so vast that il easily bears those deductions Of I'M
| providence which simply prevent the results from
| being vaster still -.
Apart from this wide variety, suppose there is no
| other country of the whole earth IN which, If we
combine together the surface and that which Is below
The surface Nature has been bountful TO man.
The mineral resources OF our own Brannic Isle have
without question prii icipay contributed 20 its com
mercial pre- eminence. But when we matcN them
nag l believe that your coal-1eld. for example is T.
ours nearly in the proportion 10 r Gi S Natural 10 Nes il
simply equivalent to the gin; say, OF queen III -
boy to another; with this difference that Americ'
could hold her own against all cOmerS without tde
queen and that like her little Lord Fauntleroy she
equal terms. BY protection she makes bad move,
upon her feet so that the most tnid among us need
not to greatly dread her competition in the IN
tcrnational trade Of the world o:...;ou, ~ xo,r.
The youth OF America was, especially Id 10 New NeW-
England. youth not Of luxury but Of difficulty:
Nature dealt somewhat sterny with your ancestors
and TO their great advantage. They were reared IN
mould Of masculine character, and were made fit to
encounter, and turn to account al yici,Sltudes AS
the country opened they were confronted every Where
with great and crying want the scarcity Of labor
powers to laborsaving contrivances. and this want
grew as fast as faster than il was supplied. Thus
n has about that race endued with cOnSummate
ability for labor has also become the richest Of all
races in Instruments for dispensing with labor The
a standing tradition. and this TO such degree that
you have taken your, place as QIonaoiyl the most
enough that remarkable faculty and habit Of in
vention which goes direct to cheapnes helps to flI
| by the wasefnlness of protection. The leakage in
| efficiency of the pumps that supply II.
PROTECTION MORALLY AS WELL AS ECoNoMI-
CALLY BAD.
urge that all protection is morally as well as
economically bad. This is very different thing from
saying that all Protectionists bad Many Of them,
without doubt are good, nay, excellent were in this
country many Of the supporters OF the Corn law III
is OF the tendencies OF system that speak which
| operate variously, upon most men unconsclousy'
| upon some men not at all; and surely that system
cannot be good which makes an individual, or set or
individuals. Live on the resources Of the community
ard causes him relatively TO diminish that store, which
duty to his fellow citizens and to their equal rights
should teach him by his contributions TO augment. .
The economical question which have been en-
deavOring to discuss Il very large one. Neverthe
less, II dwindles, In my view, Whcn II i conpdtu
with the paramount question OF the American uulrc
| viewed al large. There opens before the thinking
| mind when this supreme question II propoundcd "a
vista transcendng all ordinary Limitation al require
| an almost peter human force and expansion OF the
mental eve in order to embrace IL. some things ana
! some weghty things, are clear so far as the future
admits Of cleaTness There is vision OF territory
populeton power. passing beyond all experience Inc
exhibon mankind. for the first time in history, OF
free institutions gigantic scale Is mOmcntOuS,
and | have enough faith I'm freedom enough dlstru
af all that alien from freedom to believe that 1t VIII
| work powerfully for COCO.
But TO rise higher still. how will the majestic
figure about 10 become the largest and most power
fn on the stage of the worlds hisOry make use OF his
pOwerl Will 1t be instinct with moral lie III proportion
the Christian tradition with that surprising energy
which marks him In all the ordinary pursuits OF life
| VIII he maintain with high hand an unfaltcrlng
reverence for that law of nature which Is anterior
| appeals the very foundation on which 1t Is mum
| upq VIII he fully know and fully act upon te
knowledge that both reverence and stIlctness ait'
! essential conditions Of all high and desirable well
/ being? And will he be a leader and teacher 10 rs
of the old world in rejecting and denouncng all tne
miserable degrading sOphiStries by which the arrh-
enemy ever dcvising more and more subtle schemes
against ns seeks at stoke, perhaps. TO lower us
! hope and from the source of the final good one
| thing is certain his temptations Will multiply Win
his bower his responsibilities with his opportunities
| Will the seed be sown among the thOrils NHI
AID lis fruit the answers to these questions, ana
! 10 such as these, il will depend whether this new
revelation Of power upon the earth i also 10 he a
aovootion of vrtue. whether II shall prove blessing
~ cnrse NAV Heaven avert every darker omen. and
yrant that fhc latest and largest growth OF the great
Cbrstian civilization shall also be the brightest and
| the best