davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
Are Fall Litters Profitable ?

There seems to be a vast difference
of opinion in regard to fall pigs being
profitable. take the ground that they
are. ! have heard men say land it is
true) that fall pigs do not grow one
half as fast as spring pigs do. | say
this is true, but l will not admit that it
is so only in certain cases. If the pigs
are well cared for they will do we'll at
all seasons of the year. The best time
to have them farrowed in the fall is
September. They have good grass dur
ing the fall, and by the time the grass
is gone they will do we'll on corn and
Stops and are less trouble, as the farmers
have more time to look after them.
have always raised two litters a year,
and have not been able to have any
for the market. The demand for breed
ing stock has been so great that l have
always sold out clean, and last season
l had to buy my meat, although raised
over one hundred pigs. This season l
had seventy-tive spring pigs, and ex-
pect that many fall pigs. If the trade
is not sufficient to take all my fall lit
tiers there is always pretty fair market
for fat hogs in June, and pigs narrowed
in September can be marketed the fol-
lowing June, and good stock can be
made to weigh two hundred and fifty
pounds by that time. 1t doesn't pay a
man to keep sows and only raise one
litter year; it cuts down the profits
Western SWineherd.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
Commercial Fertilizers.

1t is said that the farmers and garden.
ers of the United States pay out thirty
millions of dollars annually for com.
mercial fertilizers, this money being ex.
pended mostly by the farmers of the
States bordering on the Atlantic and
Gulf coasts. Fortunately, their use has
not become common in the Western
States, though here and there will be
found farmer who is trying the virtue
of this source of plant food in small way.
Upon the thin, rocky soils of the New
England States it is natural that fer.
tilizers should be used freely, and,
indeed, in many cases, there is no
other way of getting crop. So, also,
with the poor soil Of some of the
Southern States, where the farmers do
not grow stock nor practice the rotation
of crops, but devote their land almost
wholly to cotton. The enormous ex.
pense of fertilizers must be grievous
tax upon the tillers of the soil at the
East and South, and in large measure
their cost offsets all the advantage the
East possesses of proximity to centers
of consumption. With the present prices
for agricultural products there seems to
be no place for high-priced fertilizers on
Western farms, and there should not be
until we have taken much better care of
barnyard manure and have earned to
appreciate the value of red clover in
renoyatiug land. Gazette.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

weather below zero, late English
writer says: 81 do not believe in plant
ing fruit trees in the bottom of valleys.
This is often done to secure the rich soil.
But it is oflittle benefit to the grower
to realize strong growth and an
abundant Towering if his crop is de-
stroyed in the Towering by the spring
frosts-which has repeatedly happened
the last few years in certain localities"
This further illustrates the same diff
culty-that of frosts in valleys for ten
der growth.
In all cases, whether high or low in
situation, thorough underdrainage
should be always given to the ground
where orchards are to be planted, unless
good natural drainage already exists
with the soil. Those who are about set
ing out new peach and other orchards
the present autumn, or preparing the
land and trees for them next spring, will
find it advantageous to select situations
least subject to sharp valley frosts, and
to provide in advance ample drainage.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

sharp edge and great weight. When
withdrawn it leaves pit in the shape
of cross and twelve to eighteen inches
deep. The posts for the new fence must
be prepared as shown in the left-hand
figure and of the shape of the plunger,
and as soon as the plunger is withdrawn
the post is forced at once into the place
which it made. The iron implement
may now be reversed and Its round head
used to pack the earth about the new
post, or 2 lighter tamping pole may be
used. OF course this is only applicable
where the soil is fairly light and free
from stone. The central figure repre-.
sents the bottom of the main post, three
inches thick and slotted for the cross.
piece to enter.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
EXPOSED ORCHARDS.
The Importance of Selecting Favorabl
Sites-A Cold Valley.


Sites-A Cold Valley.
We furnished to the public many
years ago, says the Country Gentleman,
full statement of many instances in
which crops of half-tender fruits, such
as peaches and nectarines, were de-
stroyed by the frosts of winter when
planted in sheltered valleys, while
those on exposed hills escaped. The
soil was rich in the valleys and favora-
BILE to the free growth of the trees; and
sheltered from the bleak winds of ele-
waited grounds, they were enormously
supposed by some persons to be safer
there than on more exposed localities.
The cold air on sharp winter nights,
made heavier by the exposure, rolled
the bottom with lake of cold air, while
warmer air remained above. The &C.
companying figure represents this re-
suit distinctly. We have known diff
ference in sixty feet of altitude to make
all the difference between an uninjured
crop of peaches on the hill and its en-
tire destruction at the bottom Of the
valley.
This effect is increased and the trees
as we'll as the crop sometimes destroyed
on account of the rank and succulent
growth in the richer soil below, render
ing them liable TO winter-killing, while
the well-ripened and well-hardened
growth on drier and more compact soil
were proof against the frost. 1t some
times happens, however, that trees grow
ing low down on compact, well-drained
and moderately fertile soil will succeed
better than those higher up, if on a
mucky and water-soaked piece aground,
In climate of milder winters, and
where the peach crop is never killed by
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
ANTIQUE FURNITURE.
How a Clever Young Woman Has But
Up Profitable Business.


Up II Profitable Business.
A clever young woman is building up
business of somewhat novel char
acter in New York and Brooklyn. Tray
cling agents have long made a good
thing out of antique furniture picked UP
in the wilds of rural Hampshire and
Connecticut, inducing farmers wives to
ransack their attics and bring out mir
rors that only wanted regilding, or
brass-handled chests of drawers in want
of nothing but polish and varnish to
fetch round sums from modern worship
ers of bric-a-brac gone by. The best
hunting ground for such things. curl
ously enough, has been overlooked al
most entirely. New York and Brook
Ign, as things go in this country, are an
cient cities. There are low-browed
Dutch homesteads within the limits of
the former city, and old houses on Sec
ond avenue, in the Washington square
region, and on Fifth avenue itself, in
New York, which only need to yield up
their treasures to delight all the lovers
of last century carved oak, mirror-front
wardrobes, rare splndle-legged monstros-
tiles and choice bits of buhl. This young.
woman has begun a series of tours
among the stately old mansions sunk to
second-class boarding houses, or gone
yet further on the road of neglect and
decay, and when she finds relic of past
grandeur, she rehabilitates it and intro
duces it to an art lover, or a curio lover,
or person ambitious Of the repute of an
art or curio lover-with money. An old
ebony cabinet, inlaid with mother of
pearl, an old dressing-table, with tray
of Sevres let into the top, an old chair,
covered with French lowered satins of
the early years of the century, these are
grand dukes in Punishment to be re-
stored to their lost estate. 1t is pleas
ant business for young woman with
some knowledge, good eye and better
Judgment, and she makes it profitable.
N. Y. Ledger.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

sharp penknife, edge downward, clear
through the center, cutting downward,
remaining in the center for nearly three
inches, and finally cut to the outside
with smooth slanting cut. A small,
thin piece of wood is now to be inserted
in the slit, and the free end slightly but
carefully bent outward. The plant APP
pears now as shown in Fig. at the left:
A piece of tin is then bent in funnel
shape around the branch operated on,
usually held together by tying with
wire and fastened to stake, as APP
pearing at the right. The lower end of
this funnel is filled with moist sphag-
mum and the balance, up to within an
inch from the top, with sifted mixture
of sand and leaf mold. To prevent rapid
evaporation layer of moist sphagnum
is next firmly packed on top.
The soil in the funnel has to be kept
watered whenever necessary to keep
continuously moist. In the beginning
of autumn, or soon after, a careful eX-
animation of the soil will reveal the
presence of roots, and the branch can
now be severed from the parent plant
by smooth cut Immediately below the
funnel.
This latter is now carefully opened
and removed, and the young plant, with
ball of soil adhering, potted off in a
reasonably large pot, and in good rich
potting soil. 1t is then treated in same
way as other plants of it's kind, and in
the spring following will be large
enough for sale. The tunnels are usual
ly made from four to seven inches long
and two to four inches across the top.
The described mode is much en-
ployed by Italian growers in the propa-
CATION of camellias, rhododendrons, box
woods, olea fragr ans, magnolia fusca,
ericas and many other shrubs, also of
very choice roses.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
Makeshow and Domuch.

Mrs. Makeshow-My dear Mrs. Do
much, am collecting clothing for Mrs.
Black, who is in great distress. She
has four small children. and l am told is
quite deserving.
Mrs. Domuch going to her drawer
brings out several neatly laundered gar
ments and presents them.
Mrs. Maleshow-Dear me, you do not
mean to give such garments as those,
do you? Why, they are real good and
almost new. Haven't yo1 something
that is of no use?-Time.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

should be highly polished and of sizes
graduated from one large enough to
enter the canal as it is now, up to one
SO large as to dilate the canal sufficient
ly to allow the milk to flow freely; the
change from small probe to one next
larger in the series is not to be made I'M
til the first size will enter the canal
without any pressure being made. After
the dilation has been accomplished, sub
sequent contraction of the canal should
be prevented by a. occasional introduce
ton of the largest probe. Use no force
in introducing the probe, and keep it
perfectly clean.--Farm and Home.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
A Patent Fence Post.

Any thing which will reduce the cost
of fences and the work Of making them
is desirable. The following, which we
illustrate, says Farm and Home, is taken
from an invention formerly patented
but which is now free. The right-hand
figure is an iron implement which can be
forced into soft ground because of its
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
FARM AND GARDEN.
GARDEN CHAT.
A Novel Method of Layering Hard Wooded
Plants.

A Novel Method of Layering Hard-Wooded
Plants.
A novel method of propagating many
of the hard-wooded evergreens (such as
cameliias, fer instance), much prac-
ticed in Italy, deserves, says Popular
Gardening, to be more widely known,
both for its simplicity and its certainty
ofgiving good results with many shrubs
that frequently refuse to grow readily,
or to make strong points in reasonable
length of time.
The time for layering in this manner
is in spring, when the plants are making
their strongest growth. Select we'll
grown, thrifty side branch of about the
thickness Of a pencil; remove most of
the leaves; then drive the point of a
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

SUCCESS on the farm is the result OF
iudicious mixing of brains, muscle,
energy, economy and persistence; either
ingredient left out Will spoil the mkt
Qr6.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

probe and find if
there is any OBJ
struction in tn e
teat canal. If the
canal see ms too
small, dilate it by
/ n t o d u C in G a
probe, like the IL
lustration, after
each m i l k i n G.
These probes may
be made of hard
india-rubber or of
any metal. They
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

PLEASANT, Wholesome, Speedy, for coughs
Pixies Toothache Drops Cure in one minute
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

MODEST person seldom fails to gain the
good will of those he converses with, be-
cause nobody envies man who does not ap-
pear to be pleased with himself.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
Help for the Cows. '

Do not cat off the cows teat until you
know that the ''hard milking" will be
made easy by SO doing. Introduce a soft
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14

A WOMAN may think man is genius be-
fore marriage, but she calls it by some other
name Observation-Disclosures Post-Express.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1889-12-14
Consumption Surely Cured.

To THE EDITOR inform YOUR
readers that have a positive remedy for
tne above named disease. By its timely
use thousands of hopeless cases have been
permanently cured. l shall be glad to send
TWO bottles Of my remedy FREE to any OF
your readers who have consumption if they
VIII send me their express and post-office
address, Respectfully, T. A. SLoCUM, NJ. c.,
ISL Pearl street, New York.
St. Paul daily globe., 1889-02-21


rison. E. M. johnson, Cyrus
Northrop. Speaker G. Il. uissyes'
Judge l.. w. Collins, T. Byrnes, Will
lam Buffers, E. A. Sumner. c.: N.
Smith, Fl. W. Gleason, F. A. Hnsher,
A. FL. Hall, s. L. Trussell. John F. Pc
terson, F. G. Barrows, Harry Downs,
F.J. Meade, Maj. W. d. Hale, Hans
Mattson, j. T,Elwell, G. N. Dickey, Hon.
George .Pillsbury, Hon. G.P. Shuler,
Hon. c. d. Wright, Fergus Falls; Robert
Stratton, L.. A. Condit, Fred G. Pills
bury, G. Willrich, William F. Bickell,
II. l.. Willis, CHI. Davis, E. t. Young,
f. G.. Stevens. j. M. Diment, Senator
Shepherd, Senator Hoard, Senator
Clark, Senator T. Johnson, Senator c.
G. Edwards. Senator 0. Lende. Senator
I. E. Bowen, E. &. Homes. Senator
Halvorsen, Senator Sampson. Hon. D.
s. Hall. Senator Henry Kellar, Senator
Otto Wallmark, Senator M. ]. Daniels,
Senator G. j. Finseth and Senator P.
Nelson
St. Paul daily globe., 1889-02-21
MINNEAPOLIS.
ASSOCIATED CHARITIES.
Arrangements for a Systematic
Distribution of Aims.


The meeting of the directors of the
associated charities yesterday morning.
at the office of George A. Brackett IN
the Window block, was well attended.
A new constitution was unanimously
adopted. The principal changes IN 1t
are changing the date of the annual
meeting from the first Monday in De-
eember to the first Tuesday in Septem-
Der, and reducing the annual member
ship dues to 81 pei, year. Inc present
secretary, George ID. Holt, was named
as permanent secretary and general
manager. On motion the same com
mittee which drew up the constitution
was appointed to draw up new bylaws.
there was now in the treasury some
$3.50, and remarked that his duties have
been purely ornamental. A committee
consisting of A. P. Moore and George A.
Wheaton was appointed to audit his ac-
counts. Various forms of tickets to be
given to beggarS were discussed, and
the whole matter was finally referred to
a committee consisting of A. b. Moore,
Miss Emily Gray and Rev. M. f. GJert-
sen. A plan for the more thorough dis
tribution of funds was adopted. Several
eases where fraud had been practiced
upon the association were reported at
some length. The actions of one Roller,
who collected funds for the organization
of the exposition chorus last fall and
then failed to produce the chorus, were
shown up. as was an old woman resid-
ing on the East side, who has been
begging from door to door, although
worth some S2O000
St. Paul daily globe., 1889-02-21
Briefly stated.

The strength of the American Build
ing and Loan Association lies in the
fact that large proportion of its nom
borrowing members live in localities
where interest is low and money
abundant. and borrowing members
where wages and rents are high and
money scarce. This enables the society
to act as distributor of money, aud as
equalizer of rates among its members.
The possibilities of this state of affairs,
taken in connection with the usual
sources of profit and advantage in CO.
operation, are almost too obvious to
note, and they conclusively demonstrate
the possible future for the society. The
American is doing the leading business
OF its kind in the United States, and is
fully equipped to maintain its position
in the future.
St. Paul daily globe., 1889-02-21
THE ODD FELLOWS.
The State Encampment---Electio
of Officers and Routine Business.

The State Encampment---Election
of Officers and Routine Business.
The three days state encampment of
Odd Fellows opened Yesterday at the
hall of st. Anthony lodge, First avenue
and Fourth street southeast, with about
fifty representatives from various parts
of the state present. The prin-
clpal business of the meetings
was listening to reports of officers.
According to the report of Grand Scribe
j. Fletcher Williams, of st. Paul, four
new encampments have been organized
during the past year. making thirty
four in all. The membership has i'll
creased los, making a total OF 1.522.
The report of Grand Treasurer Shiere
showed SS31.50 on hand.
The election of officers occupied con-
siderable part of the afternoon session,
and the following were chosen: Grand
patriarch, j. w. Fowler, Mankato;
grand high priest, W. Nj. Mueller, Min
neapolis; grand senior warden, Mr..
Church, Rochester; grand Junior war
den, Mr.. Bruce, Sauk Center: grand
scribe, J. Fletcher Williams, st. Paul;
grand treasurer, RoElaine Sheire; grand
representative for two years, DR.. Estes,
Minneapolis.
The evening session was in the nature
of a ball, reception and banquet with
about sixty couples present.
St. Paul daily globe., 1889-02-21

plause following this speech was very
good Endorsement from the meeting of
the system. A recess of ten minutes
was taken to allow outsiders to make
out applications for membership.
THE COMMITTEES.
At the close of the recess the follow
ing committees were appointed: On
resolutions, ii. r. Doescher, LIE Sueur;
John N. Hall, Mankato; and Fl. c, Bull,
Cokato; on incorporation and constitu-
tiOn and bylaws. j. A. Folsom, city; c.
A. Bierce, Winona; and j. w. Earl,
Fergus Falls: on taxation and legisla-
tiOn, N. KjeldSon, Ada; G. N. Ander-
son. Dawson; S. Arthur Scott, Long
Prairie; and w. L. Badger and Hugh
Byrnes, of the city.
Simon Hanson, of Renville, read a
short paper on taxation. Mr.. Hanson's
opinion was that mortgages should not
be taxed at all; especially not if those
held by non-residents were not taxed.
The paper was referred to the commit
tee on legislation.
After the report of Treasurer c. A.
Bierce the association adjourned for a
recess of ten minutes TO give the COM
mittees time to prepare reports.
The committee on resolutions, after
tll0 IeCeSS, pTeSCIltcu SGSCIdl lCoolu
tions, the main part of which was that
the real estate men act in unity in all
things; that the commissions paid them
were too low and should be regulated.
They also offered resolution indOrsing
the Terrence system. The report was
accepted and adopted.
The committee on incorporation and
bylaws presented articles OF incorpora-
tion which were approved as read.
The legislative committee reported
after some such style as this: That
they indorse Mr.. Hanson's paper; that
the legislature should so amend our
laws as to relieve our borrowers and
home capital, and protect real estate
agents against Inscriptions owners.
They recommended that committee OF
five be appointed to bring these matters
before the present legislature. and it
possible to obtain some immediate re-
lief. The president deferred the ap-
pOintment of the committee till tO-mor-
row.
N. Kjeldson, S. Arthur Scott, j. A.
Folsom, C. A. Bierce and 3. w. Earl
were appointed as committee to in
vestigate the question of getting
money direct"
The association adjourned to meet
this morning at 10 o'clock, when a large
attendance is expected and important
matters are to be attended to. Eight
gentlemen more joined the association
during the afternoon.
St. Paul daily globe., 1889-02-21
MINNEAPOLIS GLoBULEs.

Five building permits yesterday
amounted to S12,515
Transfers Of real estate yesterday
amounted to S9S,SS6.
G. G. WaslIburn post will have mas
Guerade bali at Thomas hall tomorrow
evening, -~.-
The railroad commissioners visit Min
neapolis for conference with the grain
inspectors.
Robert G. Sherman. an eminent at
torney Of Chicago, speaks upon the
single tax theory at Harmonic hall to-
night,
The reception for the benefit of the
Homeopathic hospital by Mr.. and Mrs.
W. d. Washburn at Fair Oaks occurs
tomorrow evening.
Scandia Lodge No. 6, K. of P. has
masquerade ball Thursday evening
next at Castle hall. corner Washington
and Fourth avenues south.
A meeting of the Hennepin county
bar will probably be called for Saturday
afternoon at Harmonic hail to further
consider the district Judgeship matter.
w. S. Conrad, the wel!-knoTn i'm
porter and jobher of fine cigars, has
opened up an elegant retail store at 226
J1CUlCp pm oNCHuC w DCllCi lliCSI biic uC-
mands of his growing Minneapolis
trade.
Marriage licenses were issued yester-
day to John Elmer and Katie Dalheimer,
Francis A. McMary and Elizabeth
Strong, August Richter, Jr., and Amelia
Richter, Richard Ii. Jones and Rosa l..
Hobbs, Thomas A. Paus and Jessie
Owen.
Mrs. Alex Perie yesterday obtained
warrant for the arrest of Andrew Son.
ter, upon the charge that he assaulted
her with club. The parties are neigh
borS on Twenth-sixth avenue northeast,
near Fourth street, and had row
SATURDAY. last