davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
The Advance of PlutOcracy.

A plutocrat is man who, having the
possession of capital, and having the
power of it at his disposal, uses it not
industrially, but politically. Instead of
employing laborers, he enlists lobbyists.
Instead of applying capital to land, he
operates upon the market by legislation,
by artificial monopoly, by legislative
privileges. He creates jobs and erects
combinations which are half-political
and half-industrial. He practices upon
the industrial vices, makes an engine
of venality, expends his ingenuity not
on processes of production, but on
knowledge of men " and on the tao
tics of the lobby. The modern indus
trial system gives him a magnificent
ZELDA far more profitable one very
often than that of legitimate industry.
l submit, then, that it is of the utmost
Importance that we should recognize
the truth about capital and capitalists,
so as to reject the flood of nonsense
and abuse which is afloat about both;
that we should distinguish between the
false and the true, the good and the
bad, and should especially form clear
idea of the social and political enemy
as distinguished from everybody else.
The recent history of every civilized
state in the world shows the advance
of plutocracy and its injurious effects
upon political institutions. The abuse
and the vice, as usual, lie close beside
the necessary and legitimate institu-
ton. Combinations of capital are in
dispensable, because we have purposes
to accomplish which can be attained in
no other way. Monopolies exist in
nature, and, however much modified
by art, never cease to have their effect.
Speculation is legitimate function in
the organization, and not an abuse or
a public wrong. Trusts, although the
name is a mistake, are evidently in
creasing in number all over the world =,
and are in great measure result of
the modern means of communication
which have made it possible for per-
sons having a common interest, al
though scattered over the earth, if
their number is not too great, to form
combinations for the exploitation of
natural monopoly. What is gained
by uncritcal denunciation of these
phenomena, or by indisoriminate con-
fusion of definitions? The only effect
of such procedure will be to nourish
the abuses and destroy the utilities
Professor Sunmer, IN Ne,c York hide
pendent.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
The National Constitution.

The New York Independent recently
sent letter to number of the emf
nent men of the nation requesting
them to contribute to that journal an
article suggesting what changes and
amendments, in their judgments, are
now needed in the Constitution of the
United States to bring that body of
laws into closer sympathy with the
present status of political thought"
Ex-President Hayes believes that " the
one practicable and important amend
ment is to fix the term of the president
at six years and to make him ineligible
for second term" The historian
Bancroft thinks no change is needed.
Mr.. Justice Bradley would have no
change. He thinks " it most happy
arrangement that sudden whiffs and
gusts of popular feeling are not always
able to execute and carry out the rash
purposes with which they are inspired"
Justice Horace Gray thinks the Con-
stitution, administered according to its
letter and spirit, is well enough as it
is. Justice Samuel Blatchford is sat
isfed with the Constitution as it is.
Constitution thinkers are in poor bust
ness" Professor John w. Burgess of
Columbia College is of the opinion
that the Constitution, interpreted by the
intentions of the immediate founders,
stands nearer to our present needs than
the same instrument interpreted by the
practice of the periods between 1890
and 1860, and between 1875 and 1888.
There is need of considerable change
in our public law, but Professor Bur
CESS thinks it can be effected, for The
most part, by legislation and judicial
decisions. He does not think anything
can be done by constitutional amend
ment. He is now writing book upon
the subject. Francis Wharton, LID.
likens amendments in general to
"patches which threaten the durabil-
ity and elasticity of that instrument.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

BARON HIRsCH of Paris, France,
the well-known banker, made some
statements in recent interview that
will attract wide attention among those
who are interested in the future of the
Jewish race. The baron is himself a
jew, and has already expended one
hundred million francs in the further
ance of his projects for the salvation
of his race. He says: 1.-The Jewish
question can only be solved by the
disappearance of the Jewish race,
which will inevitably be accomplished
by the amalgamation of Christians and
Jews. Let them be amalgamated by
Christianity and merged in Christianity.
Let the fusion be completes; let Jewish
isolation be broken down; let the Jews
as a distinct sect disappear. This is the
tendency of the age This will be the
solution of the Jewish question and a
blessing to civization." This move
ment, inaugurated by Baron Hirsch,
which aims at the practical obliteration
of the most remarkable religious sect
that ever trod the footstool, will excite
the interest and criticism of Christians
and Hebrews the world over
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

TIE New Hampshire Constitutional
Convention adjourned on Saturday,
after a session of eleven days. A spirit
OF conservatism manifestly prevailed,
for out of over twenty changes sug-
gested only seven were accepted,
though there was much to be said in
favor of some of the rejected ones.
The first of the seven amendments sub
mitted to the people changes the time
for the meeting of the legislature from
June to January. The advantages of
this are so manifest that it is pretty
sure to receive the necessary two-thirds
majority on the popular vote. The sec
ond amendment-compensating men,
bers of the legislature 5000 per session
is a demonstration in favor of short
sessions, for the sum proposed allows,
at So per day, less than seventy days for
fully paid-up residence at Concord.
The third amendment provides for
filling senatorial vacancies by a new
election. Had the rejected amend
ment changing the majority system
into plurality one been accepted, this
proposition would have been super
fuous. The fourth amendment pro-
vides that when the offices of governor
and president of the senate are both
vacant the speaker of the house shall
become acting governor. The fifth
declares the manufacture and sale of
alcoholic liquors, cider excepted, to
be misdemeanor. The sixth removes
the word " Protestant " from the bill
of rights and so alters its language
which relates to the period when there
was a connection between church and
state as merely to provide that religious
congregations may make contracts with
their pastors. The seventh amend.
ment is an attempt to equalize the
periods of representation of those closed
towns which take turns in sending q
representative who shall set for then
all. The convention cost the state
SIG, 446, leaving unexpended over SIS, 400
of the S25, 900 appropriated by the legis
lature for its sessions.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
The Territories.

The fact that the present congress
may-and if it does not that its success
sor will-admit two, and possibly three,
of the territories into the Union invests
the matter of the population and wealth
of these immediate or prospective
candidates for statehood with more
than ordinary interest. According to
the report of the secretary of the in
terror, the population and property
valuation of these communities are as
follows:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

ACCORDING to the Commercial Bulle-
tin, there was on hand the LIST of Jan
uary in the wool markets of this country
46, AGO, 900 pounds of wool. Allowing
fifteen million pounds for concealed
supplies and wool pulled between this
time and May l, the total available
supply in dealers hands in the country
is, in round numbers, 81 900 900 pounds.
Making the same allowances, the sup
ply last year was 100000 pounds,
or some 100000 pounds more than
at the present time. The Bulletin says
1.-THE sales in Boston market alone be-
tween January and May |, 1887, with
a dull and failing market, were 1861, !
059 foreign and domestic, and, in round
numbers, 40,000,000 pounds of do
nestle wool. 1t is unlikely that the
sales this year will fall below last, and
if manufacturers take but $4,000, 900
pounds in all other markets there will
not be pound of domestic wool left in
the country by clip time. This is the
basis on which the supporters of an ad-
vance are figuring. So far foreign
markets have fully supported them, the
latest cables being even stronger. I'm
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

Whether or not any change or amend
ment is needed to bring the Constitu-
ton "into closer sympathy with the
present status of political thought"
there are many who will hold, with
ex-President Hayes, that six years
term of the presidency is desirable.
Possibly all who accept the first part of
Mr.. Hayes proposition would not agree
to the second-to make president in
eligible for a second term. Practical
men of affairs, we believe, are gener-
ally inclined to favor an extension of
the term of the president chiefly by
reason of the disturbance to business
a national election causes, and six
years seems to be satisfactory mean
between a too frequent and too rare
change in the chief executive office.
Six years is the length of the senatorial
office, and it will not be denied that
great advantage accrues to the public
service from the stability, from the de-
Tense against the whit's and gusts of
popular feeling" impaired by this
longer tenure of high Office. Could
any sufficient reason be given for linn
iting the senatorial Office to four years?
Would a proposition of this kind be
received with popular favor?
The public service might be greatly
benefited by the extension of the presi-
dental term to six years and providing
for three congresses of two years each.
In two years, the period of the exist
ence of the first congress under an adj
ministration, its measures and policy
are but imperfectly developed. The
caution and hesitation inseparable
from a new order of things are observed,
and proposed legislation does not ripen
into matured enactments. The second
congress under an administration is
very apt to be influenced not so much
by considerations of public good OF
sound national policy as by desire tC
| legislate, or refrain from legislating
with view to party prospects in the
next national election which is ther
impending. If between these two eX
tremes congress could be interposet
that was not affected by the rawnes'
or newness of an incoming administra
ton, or afflicted by the partisanshil
that attaches to legislation on the eve
of national campaign, it is posi-
BILE that from such a congress som'
measurably disinterested and bene
fetal laws could be enacted. Their,
seems to be sound practical sense il
Mr.. Hayes suggestion, which, it is true
is not a new one, and which has beef
embodied in a proposal of amendmen
by Representative Springer of Illinois
There seem to be good and sutlicien
reasons for adopting the amendment.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

Ii seems to be quite the fashion now
adays for the little island potentates
to indulge in war-paint, boomerangs
and other accessories of well-regu-
lated uncivilized civil war. Hayti had
no sooner got her little revolution into
good working order than Samoa began
to be disturbed with intestinal erup-
tons. Malietoa and Tamasese, two
native chiefs, are endeavoring to de-
molish each other. The Germans are
looking on in gunboats, ready to take
advantage of any excuse that may be
offered to interfere in the contest and
seize the islands. AS Samoa has a good
harbor and is on the Australian line,
Germany would not object to taking
her in tow. She is keeping watchful
eye on the warning princes, and it is
highly probable that the United States
will send few gunboats down that
way to keep an eye on Germany.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

YEARS ago our Legislators discovered
that public executions were demoraliz-
ing. In some cases they operated as
indictments to crime on the part of
morbid and weak minded spectators
Hence it was provided that condemned
murderers should be hanged in private.
This well-intended rule was worse than
nullified by the newspapers. Reporters
interviewed the man who was soon
to be hanged and published accounts
of his talk and behavior. Few of the
outside public could actually see him
in his cell or during his last moments,
but the penny-a-liner more than made
up for this by throwing a romantic
interest about the culprit. On his part
the poor wretch, knowing that he was
to be portrayed in print, was rendered
specially anxious of "dying game"
On the whole, the reform was more
obnoxious to morals than the old plan.
New York has done a good work in
changing all this. Not merely are
murderers to be killed with electricity,
but reporters are to be excluded and
the publication of details of executions
is made punishable offence. Even
the precise day of execution is to re-
main unknown to the outside public.
The warden can select any time during
week, and only very few spectators,
admitted as legal witnesses, are to be
present. When the law has done its
work the papers may mention the fact,
but nothing more, under penalty of a
heavy fine.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
Boarding ArOund---NO. 5.

Down the line from st. Johnsburv,
on the evening train to White River
Junction-a splendid lunch at that
best railroad restaurant in Vermont
" Plenty of time, gentleman, plenty of
time! "a good nights rest at the
Junction House, early breakfast and
off to the good old town of Norwich
Along up one of the prettiest streets
in Vermont, we found the Norwich
Hotel, kept by DIR, W. S. Bowles. l
said in paper No. that ii took a
tolerably smart man to run hotel, but
here was man who was smart enough
to run one without any woman's help.
Mrs, Bowles being away caring for a
sick friend or relative, the house was
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

COLONEL ALBERT CLARKE's edit
orial connection with the Rutland Her.
aid ended, by the expiration of his con-
tract, OH Saturday. Colonel Clarke is a
clear thinker, forcible writer, indie
pendent in his nature and popular in
his sympathies. He is always gentle
man and understands and practices the
amenities of journalism. lie is free
in the bestowal of counsel and in help
full suggestions to those of the craft
who seek his assistance. We should
be glad to see Colonel Clark at the head
of so influential paper as the Herald
might be under his untrammeled man
agement.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

THE Haytian revolution continues to
drag out its snail-like existence. The
people themselves have little interest
in the result of the war, as they have
nothing to lose whichever way the mat
ter is decided. 1t is simply a quarrel
between two politicians, General Leg
thine and Hyppolite. The former
is president of the republic and the
latter wants to be. Hyppolite seems
likely to come in few lengths ahead
just at present, but if the trouble should
finally result in the mutual eXtermina-
ton of the two contestants the country
would not have much to mourn, as
neither seems to have the making of a
good ruler.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

So far as population is concerned
Dakota, Montana, New Mexico, Utah
and Washington might justly ask adj
mission. In the cases of New Mexico
and Utah reasons why their request
should be denied might be found to
exist. These reasons are not political.
Polygamy would bar out Utah and the
mongrel character of the population of
New Mexico is not conducive to in
telligent citizenship and the main
tenance of a republican form of gov
eminent. No valid objection can be
raised against Dakota, Montana and
Washington on the score of popula-
ton, wealth or the character and in
telligence Of the people. Montana's
chief source of wealth is her mines;
Washington's, her forests, and, pro-
spectively, her agriculture; Dakota's,
her varied resources, which have in
creased her population from l35, 900 in
1880 to 100000 in 1SSS--which have
swelled her assessment roll to Sl6l ,000,-
600 in 1880, exclusive of railway prop
erty taxed on valuation of $4,000
600. The actual wealth of the territory
is now reported at 1920, 100000 the
bonded Indebtedness somewhat more
than 81 100000. In 1887, 62,500,000
bushels of wheat were raised, As, 000,-
600 bushels of oats, "A ,500,0 900 bushels
of corn and 6 ,400,000 bushels of barley
Here, certainly, are all the material re-
quirements for state-and a state of
imperial size and resources.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
aaattbman 4 Journal.
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 1889.

THE attention of the boys and girls
of all ages is asked to new scheme for
their instruction and entertainment,
as set forth by "Scribe " in their de-
partment on the third page. The hearty
cooperation of the young people with
their " Scribe" to make this depart
ment interesting and profitable is earn
estlv besought.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
Press Notes.

SOME incorrigible British punster
characterizes President Cleveland's re-
cent message as an address from the
thrown Boston Traveller.
AN article in an exchange is headed
" busting bees" Good. There is no
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16

less something is done about rectilica-
ton of the worsted clause ii may be a
question whether mills can afford to
run. Cheap wool during the next four
months is out of the question, for if
the normal average monthly sales O5,-
100000 pounds for the country continue
every pound of domestic wool will be
exhausted"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1889-01-16
How TO Deal with "the Dog"

One of the speakers at the late Bap-
fist ongress-Rev. A. G. Lawson, ID,
of Boston-is said to have illustrated
the liquor question by comparison of
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1889-10-16
Ex.6oy. Cameron mon Malone.

Ex-Gov. Cameron, feeling that farther
forbearance under the prosecutions and
false charges of Gen. Malone has ceased to
be virtue, publishes in his vindication ano
in excoriation of Malone long letter in the
Petersburg Inde1-Appedl of last Saturday.
This letter, being about two columns ID
length, is too long for us to publish, and we
must content ourself by saying, in the Ian
guage of another, that it is an open letter
by Ex- Gov. Cameron, in which, by way of
reply to attacks upon him which emanate
from General Malone, he defends his ad-
ministration as Governor and makes some
counter charges. He explains that he was
compelled to call an extra session OF the
General Assembly in 1884, as the constitu'
ton requires that such call be issued on
petition of two thirds of the legislators, but
despite the lack of any other alternative on
his (Cameron's) part, General Mahone
anonymously attacked him through the col
umns of the Richmond Wing, charging that
the Governor issued the call ''under threat
of Impeachment and military coercion" II
he did not yield. The ex-governor says
'That statement was as false then as it is
now, and any man who states. or intimates
that was influenced in my call of the extra
session of the Legislature, in 1884, by any
other consideration than that of obedience
to my oath under the constitution, is liar,
and also coward, unless he makes his
charges directly to me and over his own
name. He says the occasion of these as
saults was his (Cameron's) connection with
the Planters and Mechanics Bank of Pc
.ersburg, and he shows that he has met his
every obligation and also contributed to-
ward the payment of the indebtedness OF
a partner who was an absconding debtor
Gen. Malone, he says, had a son who owed
the bank many thousands of dollars without
one cent of personal or collateral security
therefor, and not dollar of that debt has
ever been paid. On the contrary, in time
to prevent legal seizure of his sons assets,
General Malone obtained from him decd,
which forever excludes the State of Virgin
ia, or any other creditor of the bank from
making reclamation of one cent of the many
thousands of dollars; involved.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1889-10-16

Judge II. w. Hughes,

When such Republican as Judge r. W.
Hughes publicly and deliberately announces
that be will vote for the Democratic cand-
date for Governor of Virginia, it is time for
all true Republicans to put on their study
ing caps. Judge Hughes is removed from
the influence of psrtizan politics. He does
not actively participate in political conter-
lions, but he is none the less Republican
for that. He is known as gentleman of
very conservative views and emineutly judi
cial mind He reaches his conclusions from
no hasty impulse or sporadic feeling. He
celebrates before be speaks, and only
speaks that which he honestly believes.
When such Republican and a citizen an
nounces lis purpose to support the Demo-
cratic ticket for Governor, rather than vote
for the candidate of Mahoue's Norfolk CAN
Gus, it means something more than the ut
terance of a disappointed politician. 1t
meaus a sense # duty to State and COUNTY,,
as well az to the principles of the party to
which he gives allegiance. He recognz7s
that there is nothing in Malone or his can
didacy that entities him to the support of
Republicans; and that there is no obligation
upon any Republican to vote for him.
Valley Virgimiqn.