davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
ENFORCED IDLENESS,

Since 1886 census of manufactures is annually taken in Massachusetts. From the returns, so far as published, important congratulations can already be deduced. For instance, it appears that the average quantity of products turned out by the manufacturing estab- lishments of that State, is less than four. fifths of their productive capacity; in other words, four-ffths of the machin- cry at their command would be enough to produce more commodities than they could dispose of under our absurd sys- tenn. Again, employment is constant in very few industries, and a quarter million persons, dependent upon wages, are forcibly idle four months in the year. If the rate of compulsory idle ness which prevails in Massachusetts was applied to the United States as whole, it would be found that about 7,50O,O 900 people are idle one third of the year; which is equivalent to complete idleness for the whole year of two and half million people. But Massachusetts is not only great centre of industry; it is also a great centre of distribution, and the chances of employment are much better there than at points more distant from the leading markets. The rate of idleness for the whole country is probably, therefore, higher still than for Massachusetts, and even in times of socalled prosperity, the army of the unemployed does not number much less than three million people.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
LITERARY NOTES.

The fourth number of Looking For pard, monthly magazine published in San Diego, Cal, by Geo. R. Moore, comes to us full of sound and solid read ing on the great social economic ques- tion. On it's title page stands this motto, which sufficiently explains its purpose: "The Naturalization of Industries-Pro- motion of the brotherhood of Human jty." Among the contributors are Mary A. White, Mrs. Dr. Newand, Rev. F. B. Mcdaniel, J. l.. Dryden, Ranford Wor- thing and others. Price, one dollar per year.
 The National Magazine for November will contain among other articles Com parative Philology," by Professor Schele de We're, ,lPh D. U. D., of the Tniver- sity of Virginia; Political Science" by Professor Raymond Mayo Smith, A. M., of Columbia College, and Shakespeare, by F. w. Harkns, Ph. D., Chancellor of the New National University of Chi cago, whose instruction by mail and University Extension System for non- residents, now meeting with such favor, will also be explained in this number.
 In future numbers will appear Sym posium comprising articles by promi- nent scholars and statesmen, giving their opinions on leading questions, such as "Darwin's Theory" ''The Chinese Question:" Socialism, and "Should Immigration Be Restricted ?" Published the first of each month at 147 Throop street, Chicago. Subscription price, $1.OO per year. Sample copy, 10 cents.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
THE DAY IS COMING.

It is reported that the Vanderbilt family, by it's pur chase of the Chicago and Alton line, and various arrange ments between the Union Pacific and the Chicago & Northwestern, is now controlling system of railroads which extends from ocean to ocean, reaches every important interior point, and represents capitalization of five hun dred and sixty four million dollars.
 At the same time it is stated that a similar consolidation "in the interest of the Pennsylvania will be eventually announced" and that "others are in progress of arrangement. An irresist- ible pressure will then be exerted upon the few minor lines whose competition may still, here and there, prove unpleas- ant to our railroad giants.
 These combinations dwarf all previ- ous schemes of industrial and commer- cial empire. With the money power at their command they can undertake the construction of all profitable feeders and prevent the establishment of com peting trunk roads by any one else than the National Government.
 And yet there are people who do not see that we are fast coming to a solution of the industrial problem according to the socialistic formula.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
NOVEM BEER II.
corporation.

A stirring appeal has been issued by number of labor organizations calling upon the workingmen of this city to attend the great memorial meeting at Cooper Union next Monday, November II.
 As the Chicago tragedy recedes in the distance of time it is more clearly seen that Parsons, Spies and their fellow vic. tims of red-handed Capitalism should be honored and their memory held sacred by the working class as unit throughout the world, regardless of any opinion which may be entertained as to their views of government.
 It is seen that they were hanged, not because of their theory of justice, but because of their denunciation of injus- tice; not because of their advocacy of right as they understood it, but because of their repudiation of wrong as they saw it; not because of the wild dreams they made, but because of the true words they spoke; not because they vio- lated the law, but because they exer- cized their consti tutional right; not because they threw bomb, but be- cause bomb was thrown; and lastly. not because they were criminals, but because they were workingmen.
 Bearing all this in mind, Socialists the most opposed to the doctrine of anarchy will honor these martyrs on the 1lth of November.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
1.-THE NEW POINT OF VIEW.
BY JENNIE JUNE.

There Is no man or woman who has considered the present conditions and their tendencies, and who has tried to work towards the alleviation of present wrongs and abuses, but has been dis couraged by the inadequacy of such means as presented themselves, or ap- palled by the opposite nature of the re- suits achieved. The something "rotten in Denmark" always seems to lie deeper than the little surface plaster can reach, and if we attempt to find a more thor ough remedy for individual ills, we end by creating that which we wished to cure. Thus, we have the curious spec tacle of constantly growing poverty and misery, with constantly multiplying, but futile, efforts to prevent it. Every city is a network of institutions and charities, yet every year the rich grow richer and the poor poorer, until even in this new world, we find class. very large class, growing up about us, whose outlook Is as hopeless as that of their kindred in the old world, with the bitterness added, of being in the prom. ised land, but unable to partake of the fruit thereof.
 The point of view from which we have heretofore looked at everything human was that of individual sovereignty-the right of the individual to his posses
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
NOT TO BE SUPPRESSED.

Believing that there IS a general desire for correct information concerning the trusts and their methods, we have lately bestowed upon this new feature of Cap italism more attention than our con- temporaries of the labor prt ss appear in Clined to give it. In letters not intended for publication some of our readers ex- press themselves as well pleased with what we have already given them upon this subject, and one of them asks for a more comprehensive statement of our views upon the apparent hostility of legislatures and courts of justice to those combinations in restriction of trade" which are now known as trusts" He seems to think that this natural" hostility, by the adequate legislation to which it may give rise, will etfectually put an end to all such combinations.
 On this point we have decided opin- ion, which is the direct opposite of that entertained by our correspondent. We shall not dispute the correctness of his application of the adjective natural, to the hostility" manifested by legisla- lures and courts of justice toward "com-
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
NOVEMBER 9, 1889.
THE COMING MOVEMENT.

We are glad to hear that our article on Political Action" in last weeks is, sue has been widely and favorably con- mented upon in labor circles To many people the strength suddenly developed three years ago by the wage working class as an independent political factor was still mystery, while the subse- quent collapse of the movement had re- ceived various interpretations more or less unsatisfactory. By its very sim plicity, the explanation we gave of both phenomena not only commended itself as an evident solution, but in the light it casts upon the relations of economic or ganization to political action an import ant truth is now perceived.
 Let 1t be understood that we lay no claim to superior sagacity. In reality ,9e explained nothing; we merely stated facts, and the facts, viewed in close proximity, explained themselves and each other. Their intimate connection and reciprocal influence, which could not be seen so long as they were consid- cred singly, became apparent as soon as they were brought together, not fanci- fully, but in their regular, natural, his torical order.
 Encouraged by this first success we shall now, in the same manner call at- tention to few more facts.
 The disintegration of Organized Labor to which reference was made in the aforesaid article as the primary cause of the subsequent political collapse, was remarkable in this particular, that it was not confined to certain trades or certain organizations, but affected more or less all trades and all organizations.
 The Knights of Labor were the first and heaviest sufferers. The failure of their great sympathetic" strike in the East, and the similar failure of other great strikes in the West, were followed by rapid decline in the membership of the Order Any criticism of the men and measures of that time would be here out of place, for the simple reason that the external and internal condition of the Order itself controlled these men and dictated their policy. At no time in the history of the labor movement was it so plain that Headers" so-called, are not free agents, but, like drops of water at the top of wave, the mere puppets of the force behind them.
 Then came the split in the New York Central Labor Union, and like evidences of disaggregation in similar representa- tive bodies throughout the country Here, again, it would be profitless to consider individuals and the respective part they took, by their mutual antag- onisms and in some cases by their cor rupt performances, in this irresistible movement of disruption; for, when the wave had spent its force, most if not all
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

bnations in restriction of trade" In 1 new States especially, where Capitalism has not reached high development, and where legislators and judges are not the creatures of corporations to any great extent, but are mostly elected through the influence of middle class of mod crate means, the old notions of Adam Smith and his school as to the benefits of unrestricted competition are "natu- rally" prevailing. But we reiterate our belief, formerly expressed in these col umns together with the reasons upon which it is founded, that no possible amount or kind of legislation under the capitalistic system can prevent the for. matlon or arrest the progress of trusts
 Legislation, however, though appar- ently designed against them, can make them more successful than they would be without it; and such is going to be the actual result of the firm position taken by certain courts in the State of New York "against" certain trusts.
 In forming trust for the amalgama- tion of several competing establish, ments, it has been the custom to buy out the owners by paying them, not in money but in trust certificates, sum several times greater than the real value of their property. In other words the capital stock of trust is usually "watered" to a very great extent, and the amount of water which it contains is carefully concealed from the public. This concealment affords the original owners an opportunity of selling their trust certificates to unsuspecting dupes 
 at price apparently low, but in reality | far above their actual value. There is l here an evident swinde, and if it were allowed to continue unchecked the final result would be total collapse of the trusts. It is this swindle--and this swindle alone-that legislation and the courts can prevent by compelling the trusts to constitute themselves as regu- lar corporations, with a capital no greater than the real value of their property. Thus bound, they may not develop so furiously, but they will the more steadily and unfailingly accom- plish their true object-the concentra- tion of production and the annhilation of competition. Of course no law can be passed under our present system for the purpose of. preventing the amalga- nation of several establishments or of all the establishments of the same industry, or, for that matter of all the industrial and commercial estab- lishments of the country, into one great corporation.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

Fire is far less disastrous to the capital ist class than the enforced idleness to which it condemns large numbers of working people. In the first ten months of the present year the aggregate loss by fire in the United States and Canada amounted to nearly one hundred and five million dollars, whereas six hun dred million is a moderate estimate of the wealth which could have been, but was not, produced in those ten months by the unemployed.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

issued for it, interconvertible with bonds. Gen. Spinner was once Green. packer, but he has evidently made his peace with the bondholders; for while his plan would put no money in the hands of the people, it would afford the bankers and capitalists generally an op- portumty of depositing their idle cash in the Treasury, where it is not needed, and of receiving interest thereon at the public expense. If this is the way to prevent crisis, by all means let us have a panic.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

Gen. Spinner, sx-United States Treas urer, expects a crisis, "the worst the country has ever known." With the first short crop and the balance of trade against Us, he says tremendous panic will occur. His plan to avert impending trouble is of the plaster on a wooden leg" order. He would have gold accuml- lated in the Treasury and currency
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

A year ago: "Cleveland in the soup! The G. o. P. on top Hurrah for the blocks of tive." This year: "The Re- publicans in the soup Tammany sweeps the deck! Tammany! Tammany. Tam many" What good old time those politicians will have so long as Labor is asleep.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

or It's apparent leaders had been SUD- merged, and could nowhere be seen.
 Passing over that multitude of minor occurrences which, taken together, show widespread tendency in the same direction, we come, lastly, to an event that in some respects may be con- sidered as the most remarkable and sig nifcant of all: |. c., the recent conflict within the ranks of the Socialist Labor Party. Here was body of men, held together by every conceivable bond of sympathy; small in numbers, but strong in purpose and world wide in it's inhu. ence upon the labor movement; whose discipline had never suffered relapse in defeat or in victory, but had been steadfastly maintained by the necessity of constantly presenting bold front as the advance guard of the labor army; and yet-last of all, and for time ever so short-we saw it struggling for self preservation against internal dscord. That it passed safely through the ordeal and is now stronger than ever, does not alter the significance of the convulsion.
 Now, mark that throughout this pro- cess of disintegratlon the idea remained prominent, that disunion means destruc- tiOn, and that broader and more con- prehensive aggregation of the Labor interests than had heretofore been attained must now be accomplished. The very agents of this dsorganization claimed to act, and unquestlonabIy thought they acted, with this end in view.
 Mark, also, that during the period under review, the forces of Capital underwent complete congratulations and SO perfected has .been its system of absorption, so greatly have it's lines of defense and attack been extended and reinforced, that a corresponding change in the lines, tactics and equipment of Organized Labor is made imperative.
 And now we ask: Do not these facts show plainly that the internal and ex ternal struggles of Labor during the last three years, fatal as they were to many petty schemes and puny schem- CTS, destroyed nothing worthy of pres- ervatiOn, but were the necessary pre- lu1e to great movement, now impen- ding, far more comprehensive in it's aims and methods than any of it's piede- cessors? In connection with the facts  presented in our previous article on "Political Action,' do they not show plainly that this movement must first assume the form of an economic reor- ganization upon higher level than heretofore, and will then, as a matter of course, manifest itself politically Lastly, do they not show that in ridding itself of imbecie clements, fit only to impede it's progress as the advance guard of Labor, the Socialist Labor Party displayed superior foresight, a practical knowledge of surrounding conditions, and a timely comprehension of immediate requirements?
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

According to the Director of the Mint, the amount of paper and metallic money in circulation in the United States (outside of the Treasury on July 1, 1889, was $1,3S0,000,000, or about twenty one dollars per capita. If we consider that large portion of this sum is locked up in the vaults of banks and in the cotfers of great corporations, it will be seen that the amount per capita in actual circulation is very small.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
NOTE

Trades unions, central bodies, K. of L. assemblies, and individual working men throughout the country are cordi- ally invited to send us trade news and terse communications upon matters of interest to Labor.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

An idea of the money power created by the National Bank System may be formed from the last annual statement of the Comptroller of the Currency, which was completed this week. There are 3,290 national banks, with a capital of $612, ,C00,00O Their deposits on Sept. 30 amounted to $1 ,655, ,OOO, ,OOO, and their loans and discounts to $1 ,S05, ,000,000.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

The interest and dividends paid by the railroads to their bond and stock holders constitute sum by many millions larger than the total expenditure of the National Government, including the in- terest on the public debt. It is high time that railroads belonged to the people.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

It is the duty of every member of the s. L. P. to place the WoRKMEN S ADvo- CATE in the hands of his English-speak- ing friends.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
SUBsCRIpTION RATES:

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERs.-The date after your name upon the address label at. tached to your paper is the date of expiration of subscription. Thus mch9O means that your subscription expires with the end of March, 1890. Send your subscription money early, and notify us of any fault in delivery or error on our part.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

It is the duty of every Section of the $. L. P. to apprise us of any local oc- currence that may, directly or indi- rectly, affect the Labor movement.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

BOARD OF SUPERVISION, L. WERNER Secretary 613 Callowhill street, Philadelphia Pa
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09
SOCIALIST LABOR PARTY.

NATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, B. J. GRETcH,
 Secretary, g East Fourth street. \. Y.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

The receipt of sample copy of this paper is an invitation to subscribe.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

LABOR NEWS Co.. PARTY Jon PRINTERY,
 25 East Fourth street. New York,
Workmen's advocate., 1889-11-09

Interesting correspondence solicited from pro letarisns in all parts of the world. Letters re- curing answers should contain return postage
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1889-01-16

2eu1tiburm nit Der i6immernben
2aterne, aug beren S6eibeu ber @olbs
glan3 per petroleumlampe meitbin bur@
tpeiBli6 grauen Dunit leu9tete, nabm
pbantaffifGe Gormen an.
Die Stille iiber 2anb unb Meer. bic
unermeBIi tfeit bes 6oriaontes, behen
gnbe bel Der Ddmmeruug ni6t gu ers
fenuen mar erb6bten bic Geierli6feit
ber 6tunbe.
Ilnb sic tplirben fitb gu ieber 3ablung
entf9iieBen2 fragte Guianne, BON
gbarlottens Worten betroffeH.
gu ieber. Sd CLAUDE foSar, bic
i9merite tpur6e mir bic liebIfe lein.
gBel9 elm Spfermutb! Sd beipunbere
i'm, aber i9 tpiirbe ibm uidt na6ab<
men.
8rau9en Sic es oenn2 meinte @barz
lotte, unb ein ianftes 9d@eln berfdDnte
ibre bIafien, unbeoeutenben 3hse. Wer
10 thug 1T ME Sic, bem briugt mon
Opfer, man perlangt iie ni9t BON ibm.
nnb su tuel@enl Spfer uollte fi6
Sulanne felber 5ningen!
Darlber tparen fie in cine ber
f9malen, bon elmer Dereinaelten 2aterne
faum erbelten DorftraBe eingebogen
unb ginsen 3mii9en ben uiebrigen tleis
men 9dufern unb ben 8orgdrt9en, aus
benen bic 3meise bes 8ui6werfs iiber
fie binnidten.
Gan3 aus BET gfdbe brangen bic
Some elmer @eige melobif9 bur9 bas
S9mei8en su ibnen. 9fo9 einiae
66ritte un6 ite iparen bot benz fleinen
56wei3erbauie.
@er fpielt oa9 fraste CHARLOTTE.
Stilll llnb Suianne leste ben Singer
on bic Sippen. 0err 3oniul 2nnau.
st tpobnt bort pben.
Die Jenfer i'm eriten Gtofpert
ffan6en often; 2unau ipielte bor feinem
Notenpult cine einfa1e, riibrenbe, alts
mobii@e Weiie pDn GaDbn.
Die Wdb9en tparen in ben @arten
benz 6aufe gegeniiber gei9Iapft. 0ier
binter 5eg Giiden unb 8eItr1u1en
t0nnten iie nibt Iei6t bemerft mer6en.
Der itarfe, tuiiraise Geru@ blubenber
TeIebas erfiilte ringsum bic tpei9e
2uft.
0orn lber elm glitter uno cine
2isuiterbede binipeg iaben iie auf bas
Meer binab. 2eiie idol bas &aufden
Der iebt naben0en GIutb Bis gu ibneu
binaut.
Wie berrliG uno sebeimniBboa III
bieie Ra9t iagte Charlotte unb btRdte
aDii6en 3drili6teit unb Gur6tiamteit
Sufannens feite unb tfble 0auS. @ie
piel oes @uten. i6 bin befen getuiB,
berbirSt Soft fur uns in ibrem S9ooB |!
neber ibnen flansen unb peri1web.
ten long binse3ogen bic S6ne BON
2uuau's Geige.
gDobin gebt ber Sor2 Wohin bers
tpebt BET &efebabufta fraste Suianne
balb fur iid. 9abin m6dt' idl
gfun eritarb ber lebte 3lang = es
mar ibnen, als idl6fe ct feline Genifer.
(Gortietuus foIst.)
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1889-01-16
min Sbnen oaufen (ein fiiBes 2ddeIn),
ft1ip SSfp p2 MIR mil n frhor, fXYrru

MIL Sbnen banten (ein iiiBes 2dheIn),
tuie STE es nur piini6en f0nnenl
Sd bate bic Jeber ipsgseIegt, mid
mad Der Dame umgebrebt uno qenos
ben pirfIid tiiuiilerif9 fG6nen Mablid,
tuie He ba fanb, bic Mrme mad mir pors
geitredt, ben Ropf ieitmdrts gemenbet,
10 baB er bag flaiiiide profil unb bas
berrlib, wallen6e 0aar feben IieB. sic
bate ii9er minbeifens cine 6tunbe lana
porber, als Id fie i'm Neben5immer UNI.
bertrippeln b6rte, b!efe Stelluna Dor
benz Spiegel eingeiibt.
Sa i1 iiben bIieb. iie betradtete unb
i9wieg, berlor fie ole Si1erbeit oes
Nuftretens.
ginen Mugenblid i1lpantte He unents
fblohen, wie iie lpeiter perfabren IolIe.
Damn fammte Re in Iebr unId6nem
3orn auf, lire tuabre Matur brad
bur9. Der f66ne Munb iprubelte cine
Glutb bdBli@er Worte berbor uno lie er.
tldrte mir, baB i'd ni9t tpertb fei, bon
igr tueiter bea1tet au ueroen.
Cine babe Gtunbe ip1ter latte i'd
meine &anbisune.
Sd Sog aus unb bate bas fleine
4benteuer fait bergeGen, als :d bic
i96ne Mugufe i'm bodelsganten Neiifo.
iiiim. gefolst BON eiuem Diener, ber
eine iebr bornebme Uniform trug, auf
benz 8otsoamer 8abnbof traf. Mls He
mid fab, ld9elte fie unb f6mippte nit
ber @eiteerte. Ser Oisner isbte einen
tleinen Goffer in elm 2oupee erifer
&laiie un0 fort sing es mad potsbam.
Die Dame bate Garriere gena9t.
, @inige Sabre barauf wurbe eine 8a.
ronin @la bon 8eleDiQe aus Berlin
aussepieien, neil iie ldliis sefaGeu.
Sbre Rarriere mar 81 gnbe. sic proz
teiiirte bergebli9, fie iei gar feine ga.
ronin bon Beaeuile, iie lei bic unoer.
ebslidte pf6rtner. 0alf ibr ni9ts,
iie mar lditig unb muBte fort. Sic fol-
iebt in amerita Msmoiren i6reiben.