The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1889-03-08

addition to this, ON tho brow Of the hill not
far from the north end Of tho Capitol, ON
mandlug both tue approach and the broad
plateau to tho east front, was stationed .
battery Of flying artillery, under tho COM
mand Of Gen. Scott himself.
When the presidential carriage reached the
east front, the two occupants passed arm In
arm to the senate chamber. already densely
packed with officers and civilians, where
the ceremony of swearing In the vice presi-
dent was soon performed. Then the two,
surrounded by the justices Of the supreme
court, the senate committee Of arrangements,
the outgoing president and the family of the
president-elect, the chief justice in his robes,
the clerk of the court with Bible, took their
places on the front Of the platform at the
east portico Before them were perhaps 90
600 people, all In deep silence and every face
serious, many apparently in deep gloom.
The construction Of the great dome OF the
Capitol was in progress, and in front OF the
president-elect stood the bronze statue OF
Liberty. Just before the ceremonies began
a, strange historic group was accidentally
formed. On one side was Senator Douglas,
late Mr.. Lincoln's chief rival for the presi-
dency, holding Mr.. Lincoln's hat On
the other side stood Chief Justice
fancy, author Of the bred Scott
decision, and close to the latter
President Buchanan. To the front and
center stood Abraham Lincoln, president
elect, thus grouping together the principal
characters in the most mOmentous era Of
American history. When the loud and pro-
longed cheering had subsidized, Senator Baker
briefly introduced Mr.. Lincoln, and stepping
forward the president-elect, in a firm, clear
voice, every word being heard by every one
of the audience, read that remarkable inau-
gural When he pronounced the closing
words, 81 am 10th to close-we are not en-
emies, but friends-we must not be enemies
though passion may have strained, it must
not break our bonds of affection" etc., the
people broke into loud and prolonged
cheer. Chief Justice fancy arose and took
up his Bible, and Mr. Lincoln, pronounced
this oath:
II, Abraham Lincoln, do solemnly swear
that l will faithfully execute the Office Of
the best of my ability preserve, protect and
defend the constitution of the United States I"
AS the last word died away the battery, COM
manded by Gen. Scott, Numbered its salute,
Mr. Buchanan and President Lincoln re-
turned to their carriage and the military
20 White
Four years later there was crowd beyond
all previous experience of Washington, and q
military display composed only of soldiers
who happened to be there at the time; but
even the temporary surplus of the army at
that time was greater than the whole regular
army before the war. The second inaugural
address of President Lincoln was not so
closely scanned as his first, for the policy of
the administration was already determined.
1t was far more poetic and even more pathe-
tic than the first. Many sentences are now
familiar as household words, and the closing
paragraph has become an American classic,
as follows:
"With malice toward none and charity for
all; with firmness in the right, as God gives
us to see the right, let us strive on to finish
the work we are in; to bind up the nations
wounds; to care for him who shall have
borne the battle and for his widow and or
phans: to do all which may achieve and
cherish just and a lasting peace among our
selves and with all nations" The national
salute was then fred and Mr.. Lincoln, in q
barouche with Senator Foster, of the COM
mittee of arrangements, was escorted by the
military to the White House. On this occa-
sion and the next Chief Justice Chase adj
ministered the oath Of Office.
o. s. GRANT.
The Inauguration of Gen. Ulysses s. Grant
on the 4th Of March, 1860, aroused great
display of popular enthusiasm in which all
parties joined; but, contrary to the etiquette
of the occasion, the incoming president was
not escorted to the Capitol by his predecessor,
Andrew johnson, this being the third time
that this occurred in the history of the gov
as that of 1929 was the second. The
crowd in Washington surpassed all previ-
ously known, except that at the military re-
view in May, 1865 A little before II
O'CLOCK zen. GranL issued from his
headquarters and seated himself in the
barouche beside Gen. Rawlins, his chief of
staff and friend. In the carriages following
were the vice president elect, the reception
committee of the senators and the president
elects military staff Brevet Maj Gen. A. s.
Webb, the grand marshal, and his aid pre-
coded and an immense military contingent
divided into eight divisions followed. Despite
the rain, the entire space before the east front
Of the Capitol was filed with people. On
the platform were the usual officials.
After the formal ceremonies in the senate
and the swearing in of the vice president, the
officials and president-elect proceeded to the
platform at the east front. The long process
sion extended almost entirely around the Capt.
tol and far up the adjacent street, there not
being room enough to approach the east front.
Gen. Grant then took the oath of office and
read his inaugural, but in SO low voice that
t was only heard by those nearest to him,
md frequently interrupted by prolonged
cheers from the crowd.
1t was unanimously agreed by the military
officials and political friends Of