New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-22
THE NATIONAL PRODUCT or BRAZIL.
INTRODUCTION AND CULTIVATION OF THE
COFFEE TREE SOUTH OF THE AMAZON.

INTRODUCTION AND CULTIVATION OF THE
COFFEE TREE SOUTH OF THE AMAZON.
As soon as the Brazilian revolution broke out, the
coffee markets IF New YORK., Baltimore. Havre and
London were greatly agitated. Nothing more
natural since it is known that Brazil aOn' produces
more than half the coffee crop in the world. II has
beer said also, wrongly rightly, that the enamel
ration OF the slaves upon whom coffee cultivation
mainly depended, had great deal 10 do with the
revolution itself 1t appears. fortunately that neither
the emancipation the revolution will exercise any
harmful influence upon the production Of the great
staple of Brazil.
Although the country discovered $50 years
ago. on April Do, 1900 by the Portuguese Admiral.
Pedro Alvarez Cabra more than 200 years elapsed
before coffee was known in Brazil. Tho first trees
were imported from Cayenne to Para, in 1927. by
Major Paheta, who received them as a
present from Mrs Claude d'Orvilliers. Of
the French colony in Guiana. Export duties,
prevented however. extensive cultivation of the tree
until the year 1861, when the export duties were
abolished. At the same time Chancellor Castillo
Branco brought 10 Rio Janeiro some coffee trees.
which furnished the seed for the FazendaS or
plantations Of Rezende and Sac Gonzalo. whence the
cultivation spread in districts Of the province Of
Rio Janero. and afterwarl in the provinces of sac
pauo and Minas Geraes IN 1870 coffee i'm
ported in the Maranhao. and the first tree, in the
province Of Bahia grew from seed offered by the
Capuchin Frars Of Rio 10 planter of Villa Nicosa
The great national product was created and sta
tistics have repeatedly furnished the figures at
tanned in its further development. The number
of coffee bags, something like SIX millions and a
half yearly, Is about the that OF the
cotton bales produced IN the Emitted states. one
hund ed and twenty eight years Of the persistent work
OF Brazil has suficed n bring about such splendid
result which cannot be altered by political disturb
ances TO any appreciate That made evident
by review OF the attention and great care necessary
for coffee cultivation and II this has been success
full and progressive up 10 the present time, II has been
due evidently to individual qualities, which BraZlianS
are not likely to lose IN the future. The culAvasn
OF coffee IS not an easy matter The soil IS worn
ont and requires continuous attention IN order 10 main
tain in good condition, iua>nuch "a fertilizers are
not a. yet In and the only kind OF manure or fer
tiliziuc agent IS found IN tn" leaves Of the tree.
Another difficulty IS that the plant begins to pro
duce beans only when II + two or thrs" years Old.
From the sixth year the crop keeps steadily eli
Iarrinc until the sixteenth year From thar time
until ID atans It, twcny fifth year the crop i good
and bad alternately. Between the tweniy-ffth and
thirty fifth year beans be gathered only al intervals
varying from 10 thru years after the thirty fifth
wear crop is given occasionally. but only by
blamed In first elias, ground Coffee j. cultivated with
prOnt on hllsdeS looking toward the rising sun. which
are protected against the cold southern winds Of that
austra country. Such grounds IA be found all
over Brazil and explains how coffee cultivation eN-
tends all the new great American Republic from
the Amazon. down TO the southern boundary of the
province OF sac PaulO, though the production /,
the most considerable in the provinces OF Rio Janelro
Ninas and pauO.