davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
u. 8. LAND LAWS.

Under these laws, every native born male
citizen Of the United States who is the head
of family; every male citizen over twenty
one years Of age; every foreign born male
who has declared his intention to become ai
citizen and taken the oath Of allegiance;
every woman who is the head Of family
and every unmarried woman twenty-one
years Of age, has three Gland rights thro'
each Of which he or che can acquire l6O
acres Of government land, making 49O acres
| in all as follows:
Ist-THE PRE-EMPTIoN.
BY making bona-fide settlement upon quar-.
| ter section Q6O acres), within ninety days
| thereafter making entry of the land at the
| local land office, paying an entry fee of $2,and
the land for Six months thereafter, the claim
| ant acquires the right, at the end Of the six
months, to "prove up" his title and obtain na
period per- Thirty t months or after entry. II he set
ties upon unsurveyed lands, or lands that
ket, he cannot make entry until they are de-
already % the owner Of $50 acres Of land in any
tion entry; neither can pre-emptor make a
homestead entry until he has proved up on
his pre-emDtion
2nd-THE HOMESTEAD.
A homestead entry can be made on any lands
as above upon payment of $l4. Within six
months after entry the settler is required to
take up his residence upon the land; and II
he continues to reside upon it and improve il
for five years continuously, at the end OF
that time he can prove up on his claim and
acquire title without further cost. Or at the
end of six months continuous residence, he
Of acre
emption entry until he has perfected his title
to his homestead.
3d-THE TIMBER CLAIM
Any of the persons can enter 100 acres as q
timber claim, the taking of q pre-emptiOn OF
homestead being no bar to taking a timber
cla1 I'm at the same time. The entry fee IL $l4
During the first year after entry the claimant
Is required to break five acres of land: the
second year he is required to cultivate some
crop on this five acres and break five acres
more; the third year he must plant the first
five acres to tree seeds or cuttings, and crop
the second Ave acres; and the fourth year
plant the second five acres to seeds or
cuttings It is required that these ten acres
produce e759 iying thrifty trees and if the
proof can be made at the end of eight Years,
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
Rare Metals and Their Uses.

Some rare metals possessing special quail
ties are required for certain work. Thus,
palladium is used in making some parts Of
timepieces, and iridium for the points of gold
pens, and the uninitiated have no idea Of
the value Of such scarce products. Vanadi-
um costs, for instance, $4,000 per pound;
chromium, $1,000, and hthium, which is the
Hghtest Of metals, $7,700 per pound Rho
dunn, which is extremely hard and brittle,
and is only fusible at very high tempera-
ture, fetches 81, 500, and iridium, the heaviest
substance hitherto discovered, costs 81 200
per pound It will therefore be seen that
gold and silver are far from being the most
precious metals, as far. as their market value
Ia concarnad
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
E. e. SPILMAN, Register
LAND OFFICE AT DEVILS LAKE, D. TIL
March IL, 1889

LAND OFFICE AT DEVILS LAKE, D. T,1
March IL, 1889
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has filed notice Of his intention
to make final proof in support of his claim,
and that said proof will be made befole the
Judge or in his abs ence the clerk Of the dis
3rict court in and for Bottineau county. at
Bottinear, Dak., on July s, 1889, VIZ:
JOSEPH COhNEAU, ii. K. No. 26O9.
ne Y 81 see r. IT, sMM ana 50
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residences upon, and 0ultiva'
tion Of said land, viz: ~.
Louis Brunelie, William Dagil, Joseph b.
Robillard, Charles Robillard, all Of Tarsus,
Bottineau county, Oak. s..
Any person who desires to protest against
the allowance Of such proof, or who knows Of
any substantial reason, under the law and
the rsgulations OF the Interior Department,
Why such proof should not be allowed, will
be given an opportunity at the above men,
toned time and place to cross-exAmino The
Witnesses Of said claimant, and to offer evi-
dsnoe in rsbuttal Of that submitted by
claimant. 35s2.s
=. q. sPILMAH, Register.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30

D. LowBER SMITH. THOMAS 3. GuROY.
Thomas F. Gilroy is now in his 10th year,
having been born in Ireland in 1910. When
but years Of age he came to America with
his parents, and received a thorough public
school education, graduating from the Col
lege Of the City Of New York, and afterward
learning the printing trade. The official po-
sitions which he has held are those Of clerk Of
the supreme court, chambers; clerk of the
ninth district civil court, deputy county
clerk and under sheriff.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30

The Minot journal is a new candi.
date for popular favor, having sue
ceeded the Rustler-Tribune of Nc.
Clure. Its proprietors are pushing
and the paper presents every indica-
tion Of a prosperous town and enter.
prising people of whom there are
many. We wish We had some in Bot
tineau.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30

CxCAvATIoN FOR BRIDGE PIER-
The owners Of the American patents, the
Postsch-S -Sooysmith Freezing company, Of
New York, have made several improvements
In its application to tunnels especially The
first application Of the freezing process in
this country was In digging shaft for the
Chaplin Mining company at Iron Mountain,
Mich, where arectangular shaft l51< feet by
1871 feet in the clear, and 9b feet deep to the
ledge, was sunk through quicksand and
boulderk Twenty ak inch pipes closed at
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30

sne lower eno were SUNK 20 rne iedge IN .
circle 20 feet In diameter, and q Lime ma
chine, having q refrigerating capacity Of
fifty tons Of Ice per day, cooled the brine.
This work was very successful, the ledge
being reached In seventy days after the ice
machine was started. A shaft at Wyoming,
Pa, IL now being constructed In the same
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
John W. Maher Attorney.
Land Office at Devils Lake Oak. |

named settler has filed notice of his intention
to make final proof in support Of his claim
and that said proof will be made before the
tineau county, OAK, at Bottineau, n T..
ON July 9Th. 1889, viz:
WILLIAM BELL
d. s: No. 1920, for the E1a SW a & lots and
4, sec 10, r. 161, r. 76.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence apon, and cultiva
G1 of Baad sd Wv Watson M
allof Bottineau, Bottineau Co., Oak.
Any person who desires to protest agains
the allowance Of such proof, or who knows
the regulations of the Interior Department,
why such proof should not be allowed, will
be given An opportunity at the above men
witnesses Of said claimant, and to offer evi-
dence in rsbuttai q. that submitted by
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
SCIENCE AND PROGRESS.
THINGS SAID AND DONE BY THE IN
VENTORS AND SCIENTISTS.

Excavations Through Quiclksand and Other
Dihacuit Ground Facilitated by Freezing
It by Means of Cold Brine Circulated
Through Pipes Inserted Down to Rock.
About utseven yearsag Mr.. Herman Poetsch,
Of Germany, conceived the idea that excava-
tions through difficult ground could be facil-
itated by freezing it by means of cold brine
circulated through pipes inserted down to
rock or impervious material; these ground
pipes being perfectly closed at the lower end,
and containing smaller pipe open at the
lower end, down which the brine is pumped,
rising in the outer pipe and returning to an
ice machine to be cooled again.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
NJ Q. IIBBITS.
COLLECTIONandL LOAN BROKER
Fu7na Loans o. Speciality.
Bottineau, Dakota
FINAL PROOF NOTICES.

Notices of final proof must be paid 70
before affidavit of publication will be is
sued from this Office.
The charges are: For single notice Of
dnal proof, $3.50; consolidated notices, SIS
each; contest and timber culture notices, SIS.
Each special notice 81. extra.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
CATHOLIC
Letter List.

Letters uncalled for at the post office at
Bottineau, D. T., for the month ending
March 31st, 1889. If not called for within
80 days they will be sent to the dead letter
Office. In calling for any Of these letters
say advertised. & 81.
Anderson John I. Cooper Geo.
Hanson H. j.. Klinke FREDERICK.
Little Robert (2) Olson Ole. (2)
Spaulding John. Swenson a.
Melville Mortinius. Vexeta Erik.
v. B. NOBLE, Postmaster.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
CHURCH DIRECTORY.


CHURCH DIRECTORY.
BAPTIST.
Services every Sunday at 2 p. m. and 1880 p.
m. Rev. w. Hubert, pastor. Sabbath school
Immediately afterpreaching ats O'Clock p. m.
Prayer meeting eqery Monday evening at 8
O'Clock p. m. .>" r@'
CATHOLIC.
Church OF st. Paul, at Tarsus. Rev. P. U.
Brunelle, pastor. Services at the usual hour
every Sundy. - =
5s.% PRESBYTERIAN. -r...
Preaching in Presby yterian church, Bottin-
eau, at IL q. m. and 7:30 p. m. Sabbath school
at IL O'Clock, noon. w. T Gibson pastor.
<-'& METHODIST. & e@,f f~.s =,
Rev. r. A. hawke, pastor. Service held in
the school house every Sunday evening at
1880 p. m. Prayer meeting every Thurday
evening at 7:30 o'clock.
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
among the democrats to prevent the
convention from committing hari
kari, and keeping North Dakota out
of the union.

We have received from the Hon. j.
G. McManima, Territorial Auditor,
the statement of insurance business
done in the territory of Dakota dur
ing the year 1888 by the various COM
panies, of which there are 81, divided
as follows:
Fire Insurance, foreign, .................... 81
home-...................... 7
Life and Accident, foreign ................ 81
Steam Boiler ...... ........ I
Plate glass .................. l
The amount of business done in
Dakota is significant al affording an
other illustration of the grandeur and
and glory Of what would have been a
great state but which is soon to be
severed in twain. The Dakota busi-
ness is as follows:
Cnmnanias Risks Prom Losses Losses
o. ~ .p"A'''' written: Rec d; Inc-'d: Paid
For: Fire Co 81 S49, ,S47 882S04; 3se765
Dak $,73,074: 231,8l5: 7O,339; 1854
pal Dak Hal ~: S,So9,757 ~ ,o6o; la5,99; l5573
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
81 FOR 1S WEEKS.

81 FOR 1S WEEKS. is
be mailed, securely wrapped, to any address
in the United States, or Canada, for three
months on the receipt Of One Dollar. Lib
eral discounts allowed to agents, post
masters and clubs. News agents can sell
this paper freely, openly and above board.
Sample copies mailed free. Address
New York Illustrated News,
262 Broadway, New York City.
John l.. Sullivan, the Terror of Fakes
and Hippodromes, is the Sporting Editor,
The Bottineau pioneer., 1889-05-30
FOUR NEW STATES.

South Dakota, North Dakota, Montan
Washington.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23

declaration that when by accident or
WEAKNESS the crocodile shuts his mouth
on one or more of the birds 1t or they
give him such raking with bcpk and
spurs that he is glad to open up Gain
without DELAY. More recent investica-
tons confirm the ancient philosopher, hut
not the addition 10y his descendants The
latest disclosures 80 10 show that the trO-
chiius is not often caught in its scaly
friends Jaws, hut when 1t is-r'c~i Giit dc
iii. Ii is IN the birds favor that it is
unusually active. Its legs are long hcak
short and for its size very ,troug hen
alOGo or With others of its kind il in
cliucl to I've quiet hut when the object of
it. solici;ude cIawls on bank of sand
to lOll in the sun It is NO -Gorfully lively
Lccch,s in abundance are always cling
ing to the inside of the crocodilc's mouth
and tongue, and these the trochlus picks
OF a,d swallows with gusto. Beyond
this it keeps a sharp eye ana ear open for
iutruders, and on the approach of any
thing unwelcome or strange gives sharp
cries that awaken the crocodile, if asleep,
giving II. opportun ty TO escape.
Similar instances of the guarding and
attending to the physical comforts of I'M
ganly hrutes by fCathered beauties are
common IN the African iunSles. There
the rhinoceros aud elephant both have
their scryitors. The rhinOce os has the
rcd-bcaked ox-hiter OEuphaga erylhro-
rhyncaN, and the elephant the cattle heron
tBubulcus ibis.
The oX-bitcrs belong to the raven fami-
ly, and in Gordon Cumm ngs' hooks are
said 10 he the best friend the rhinoccros
has" Ticks are Mt the bottom of the ap-
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23

tanned ly modern students and observers
to he founded on fact. His writings, as
tr nslate !. are highly interesting. lie
seems a little given 10 the marvellous,
but comm, m alto accept hun As a curato
whenever referring to anything tased on
personal observation. His episodes arc
skIlliully interviewer, one Cutcrtamiugly
leading to another, with the language
simple and to the point. SO this OBJ
serving old tra.tler tells of curious
relationship between the little bird called
lrochilns or. by the ornIthological card,
IlyaS agyptiacus and the crocodile.
AT T mentioning that all other lca,ts
auC birds AVOID the saurian monster,
Herodotus SAYS
when tho crocodile issues from the
water and ovens his mouth which he docs
most commonly toward the sunset, Il Q
tro, hlus enters has mouth and swallows
the lecches which cling to his teeth. Tho
huge beast Is 80 pleased thtt he never in
lures the little bird.
Native Egyptians call the bird vic
FAC, and supplement iIorodotus with the
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23
The True Inwar,lncsS Of a loot.

] know of lady who is very rad AT
her husband because he fell in with the
boys few nights ago and went out on
foot presume il is unnecessary
to explain here hat a foot is. Near
~ every full grown male adult in the
world had Il "toot' or two in his life.
and would be inclined To- suspect the
man who would plead mot guilty" to
that impeachment. \ "too;' is necCs.
sally something riotous. 10 he frank
"toot' means strong drink cards Per
haps, a trout row in the varieties, may
be a supper after the opera, and al
ways hack ride in the small hours.
In the abstract "toot' is very wrong
1t is degrading and pcrnicious II
shameless sort of folly. in short. that
correct morals can not and should not
openly countcuance. But it is natural.
and want TO say to this much offend
ed wife that in the majority of times
foot is good thing for some men.
Its consequences arc rCmorsc and
shame. Any good man who goes off
on Il "toot' Mt long intcrNals-say once
or twice n year always loves and re-
spccts the purity of his own home
more after the "toot' than he did be
fore. The gildcd bad things he secs
and does on foot" are sure To suffer
by comparison with the virtue and
dignity of his home and that of itself
is sufficient to make him very much
ashamed of his folly and very tender
and rcgardiul of those his conscience
is sure to tell him he has wrougcd.
Besides, "too;' gives him the head
ache and fills him full of good resolves.
| do not want il understood by what |
have written here that | udorso "toot-
ing On the other hand | regard il
rs something that is essentially dccrad
ing and vicious. | merely claim that
there are worse things than "tuo'
and occasionally "topt' is cNcu,ahlc.
For example. when a man j, detected.
when sorrow has cast him down. When
misfortune has given him the blue, or
cnnui seizcs him, ii is not SO bad after
all to seek surccasc in loot. And
| want to say again that the married.
man who "tootS" occasionally j. not
half SO dangerous citizen rs that one
who, while observing the most correct
habits, forgcts his wife and his home
all the time to make diligcnt love To
other women and goes through society
wolf in lambs clothing, doing what
harm he can in any home without com
Function under the guise of immacu-
late responsibility. | think the wife
to whom l refer in this case ought to
forgive her husband without further
agitation. | am sure he will not 60
footing around again very soon, and
this one "toot" has only served to make
him ashamed of himself and TO increase
his respect and love for the purity Of
his home circle. Forgive him. lie
knew what he did, but the old hoy
hadn't had n racket for s;ch II long
time that ne couldn't help it.-LouiS.
ellie Trnth.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23

the pursuit of parasites, but by LOUD cry
ing give notice of the appro ich of an
enemy. I he oX-bitcr is described rs
about nine inches long, with thirteen
iurloS spread of wings. The beak is
red tho back and feet grayish- brown, the
under parts of the body pale yellow, and
the eyes and cyelids golden. The cattle
heron is also small hut snow white. with
small, bright yellow eyes and orange
beak.
Another curious African bird that acts,
however, more as a guardian for man than
animals, is the secretary bird or crane
vulture tSespc ntarius SccretaJus,. 1t
takes the first name from n tuft of fcath-
crs, forming crest and looking lke
quill pens stuck behind the ear. 1t stlnds
four feet high, with n beak like n yul-
ture's. Its fayorite food is snake, the
Nenomous kind more than all others, and
it is never known to be poisoned from
bite. SO vigorously does it wage war
against snakes that he is cnCouTa ,cd in
every way by the natives. 1t is capable of
being domesticatcd, and will drive away
from the family promises any unwclCome
visitors. The hornbill is an another yo-
racious snake cater at home i'll Africa and
Southern Asia. II is Il GrotCsquo creature,
having slender body, long neck, head,
WINK anu lt-N NlolI' III NOiCt IL us
lacking of music rs the bray of donkey.
! he leak Is the prominent feature, being
deep red in color and foot long. iu
breeding time the female goes to n hole in
some tree ami lays her eggs. AS she sits
on them the male plasters up the hole
with mud until only the females bcak can
protrudo. During the process of incuba-
ton he feeds her, and at the proper time
picks out the mud to permit her exit
One of the curious birds of North
| America that is n great snake killer is the
| puisano, or road runner, or chapparal
| cock ,GcococcyX Cnliforniana 1t has n
/ body of ten inches long. with tail of four
! teen inches. Olive green is the prevail
| ing color. The .bcak is long ard sharply
| curved ut the end, and on the head is IL
/ crest that is erected Mt will. The
legs are long and powerful. and the feet
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23
Cousin Johns TJbictS.

Cousin John came TO visit the Porter
family II, stoycd n wcrk and tho
result wos tbot ,yorv ncmhor Of tho
family from rronJro down to tho
school, hoy Eoh was convinced of his
mr. hcr own Inherent dccr-scoted sill.
moss
Yet Cousir Holm was ucitbcr a schol.
lar nor IN ,uthnr +, max, tL,m sham.
cd Inv contrast IIc'wnS mot a brilliant
nor n nrornnmd taIl,cr lint nu;nt
thouchtfnl mon Of ordinary infnrma,
t;on 0nd nIiIi,ins
Bnt Cousin Jobn wos deaf. 81 deaf
that no ear trnmnrt or any other invcn-
tinn cnnIJ holm him lc b,o,. n sinrla
sounI Hone Inc rn,,ia5 an co,vorSo-
tion Inv means of tablets ON which bia
,,,,,,,,n,, ;,,,, Nil, L., snnI,o
II r,,'. ti,a., tolJlts ,,,I,i,.I, o,n,.;,,oJ
tbo Portor r,ruiI,, ~ f,ol;thnnss
"ywo. ani",, > soil rrapJ,o "to toll
Tol, tI,o S star'H' ~ In,,o a"i.', oo,,,o T.,
Lo nio,..ol ,i.+,,'o.t,,. l',,t han + tonI,
Tho ncnc;i IN honJ ! romcrohnrnd ! had
writton II for lin, t,,ico sinco vostor-
da, Van h,,,,t ,,,oo,, 10 +nII mo tLot
I nm riynn 70 ,,";ndin,r out old warns
nNar and ovpr o.ruip -
"lT,II,.o,,I I'1,,',,,.,, 4oI1.;,,, ,l,;,,
inc " so;l MIS- portcr AMI no comc
o1en,, AMI LnIl ont lie toIIo,, Won
a,tn,, t ~ Lo ~, nmsoir iotnrnstnl said
La Il ct mo- sLorn tbE stn,,y ! declore
: corIIn,t ,yriin down tb,two had heen
toIking for ONO Lonr Of Ecssv's now
honnct
ria ;,l,o vb;.1, oo,,,,,l.od ovorvboJv
At tbo taxi, WHOM written ont in cold
IJonk owl uhito ,,os co intoInral,Iv
stnnidi In thc borcncss If written
words foo malice and rossin became
so n1oIirnnp4 nnI Hack
WLon Cnrsin IoIn sIrnriscl tbom
oil leaning forvord listnnirn breath
IossIy to J9nc's carn,. story and hand
ed her the tablets with IN appealing
Iool, she ,vos nycrron,c with morfitica-
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23

Mr.. Henry I. Waters. whose discoveries
;clativo to the ancestors of John Harvard,
the founder of Harvard College. attracted
so much attention II few years ago. has
now donc an equally important work for
the Washington family, says u recent Bos-
ton dispatch to tho Chicago Tribune.
George Washngton's English ancestry has
long been a disputed point with historians.
The American limo of Washingtons an
costry has been easily traced back TO John
Washington, who with his brother Lawrence
came to Virginia from England about
1857. but there tho course became I'M
certain. MIR. Waters has now cleared this
by his discoveries. Lawrence Washington.
son of Lawrence Washington OF Sutgravc.
he finds. was a fellow Of Brascnoso College.
oxford, rector of Burleigh, in Essex. from
1888 to 1913. when he was elected by order
az Parliament as II malignant royalist. Ho
removed to firing, in tho county OF Hert-
ford, where he died before 1865, leaving a
widow, Amphlli-. and children John. born
about 1888; Lawrence, baptized Mt Tring.
June %, 1855; and William, Elizabeth.
Margaret and Martha. 1t was his sons John
and Lawrence who cmgrated to Virginia
about 1857. On only two minor points can
there hc any doubt rs to those facts, and
on these it is probable that further iuvesti.
cation will remove all doubt
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1889-11-23

This red-handed anarchist is bring
ing into town whole passed. of whips,
regular cat 20 -nine-tails, such as We
reads about in the half-dimes, which
he's goin' to sell for quarter apiece,
TO be used on boys. Dick Blye's
mother bought one this morning, Roll
up yer breeches, Dick"
A murmur of sympathy swept the
throng as the lad complied with the
order and showed n number of red
wclts around his fat legs
a fellow-fccling makes us wond-
rous kind, and not one of the specta-
tors but knew that like fate menaccd
him unless the whip-peddler could be
prevented from making a canvass of the
town.
well make him come off the perch, :"
cried one of them.
An off the sun-fish, to" added Bob,
If he hasn't eat 'em all"
A few minutes later Bob halted some
fifty yards away from the spot where
bearded man of immense stature was
broiling fish over small fire.
TO all appearances the boy was
alone, but his tried and trusty follow
ers were ensconccd behind some low
bushes near by. In their eagerness to
see the monster who dealt in instru-
ments of torture, they were thrusting
up their heads at the imminent risk of
being observed by the enemy.
Hello shouted Bob.
The man started, and dropped the
6Sh he was cooking into the fire.
"Where's your father" he sneered,
after satisfying himself that Bob was
unaccompauied.
HE said had no 'thority TO make a
date for him"
"Ho! ho!" laughed the man, "why
not :"
II told him what you looked like, an
he allowed you was an old friend of his
rs he couldn't fight"
what are you giviu' me?'
"He said you once did him great
favor down i'll Pittsburg."
Maybe; I'm n liberal man.
as your name Racine - Ihilandel
Racine?"
THE same"
Then here's bottle of Blue Grass
whisky that Ia sent YOU. with an iuyi
tation to come to dinner. Anybody