Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1889-09-24

"a 0aln n tnTOAt.
suuuort the labor q other countries. Now our
oxo0ris ore 70 excess Of what VIC buy abroad by
more tnan 500 O0. 600. aud In the last ten years
they aggregate over one and hail bilIlois ~
mOney--thus adding that sum % tho wealth ot
our country anu cheapcnine the value Of money.
LABOR AND AGRICULTURE.
But how have our labor and varied industries
bcou affected Dr. protection Has the kcpubn-
can policy o. protection impaired or ms u
stlmulatei the growth Of agriculture. Let us
consult the record. remembering that iorty-sK
millions 81 the productions OF our own Sla's III
value are 81 agriculture. -
IN 1860 there were ia the United siates tW2
million farms: ia l,,o four millions. IN lNtD
there were one hundred aud si1ty-ihroe mhilOhs
acres Of improved lands IN ls-J there were TWO
hundred and eighty-lvc millions.
In 1850 the yaluo Of farms was six and hah
billions: in 1870 % vas ten billions.
IN 1860 there wore employed IN agriculture
three and three quarter millions OF people; IN
1871 there wore seven and three quarter in1Ihou'
thus employed.
I'm is60 TIE value 81 farm products was one and
a half billions, and our agricultural exports
amounted 90 two hundred and nity-7ix and
half millions. Tn Is'0 the value Oh hgrlcuiiursl
products was two and quarter blilou7, ana oli
agricultural exports Eve hundred and eishty-
six millions .,,.
Need anything moro be said, any further wit
meas be- introduced. 10 prove tini inc HrpubliCah
poli.y of protection fosters agricultural deteloi-
mont, ara that. e. We shall see presently by
encouraging tho miuiUg oui mauuia turing 10
dustrics Of our country homo marEes 10 tur-
ulsnei by the consumers these industries en-
ploy9
OUR MANUFACTURES.
Let u nov 60 again to tho record and SEQ what
progress has been made In our manufacturing
interest or the agency which has so largely d.
velopcI our agricultural wealth 6nl "id0i-ei
tho range Of employment for labor.
in 1850 there were one Hundred aud forty thou
sand manufacturing establishments IN tie
'nited states: ia 1850 there wore two hundred
and nlty-fOur thousand
IN 1859 the capital employed Was one phhoh
in isS1 D. was two and three quarter billions
The product ia value IA 1870 was one hll three
quarter billions IT, 1850 II was fiye and quar-
ter billions.
The people employed Ivy these establishments
we're I'm 800 ono and quarter millions; ~ lsHD
tie number wgs two and three quarter millions
The wages pail ~ these Industries amounted
iu 1880 20 s3,8Uol0JD Of money, an average peg
canita o; 800 per annum In 1850 the amount
dsburscd 60 labor was fAs ON.OO, or an average
Of 80 per capita per annum.
Ilc who would send this amount OF money
that now under cur Republican policy Of pro.ec-
lion gives employment and support 10 our ohh
people ont ~ the country lie who would take
away thi- field Of liycllhOJc from our own working
classes TO build ~ the wealth OF other countries
and succ0r heir pOorly-paid labor, ought to vote
the Democratic ticket.
lie xho would have q diversified Industry AM
create home markets for tho products Of thc
farm, tho animal. the fOrebt, th9 garden, Inc
orchard, and the dairy; open our Mines uullle
our water-pOWer, advance the welfare OF ule
working classes. Improve our ciyillAHuon. ana
promote the happiucs, o. the Dcople-our own
people-should vote The Republican ticket aud
Tor protection.
HOME oiARKKTs NEEDED N VIRGINIA.
lie, MS Tor a moment examine specifically tho
effect Of manufactures upon the
agriculture aud labor Interest Of the country.
In Massachusetts and fourteen other states
having the largest manufacturing interest thc
average value II farm lauds Il SjsD per acre,
aud she average value Of he product per man
In virginia the average value OF farm lGnts
70 1000 and the yearly average product per
capita II al persons employed n agriculture i-
SihJ. hat Is, Tie man engaged 10 agriculture
Ga Massachusetts,. whore The manufacturing III
dusirios are the largest, earns SIS. per annum.
while Ia Virginia. where our manufacturing
Interests are comparatively Insignificant, mau
engaged .u agriculture earns only SlsD per al
In Massachusess the Agricultural has homo
market for all aud every product OF the Held. tho
orchard, the vineyard. the garden, inc hennory.
in Virginia be has 90 60 away Tor marEctior
the staples, while lie has practically no market
Tor perishable products and tho many article
that will not bear trans ortauon. In MAssachu-
month, aud ia Virginia, where over Il per ceut
OF our labor IL employed IN agriculture, TIE farm
hand gets an average OF fl&O per month.
The mining and manufacturing industries OF
Virginia are insufficient o. make homo mark et
for me products OF the farm, and hence tue low
wages for farm-hands. Hence u j. mar here 10
Virginia for the lack OF such mining ana manu-
featuring Industries. the wages Ot the oarptuicf,
the mason, the bricklayer. the plumber, Tie
blacksmith, and all other laoorers. male and fe-
10 ale, Otherwise nplOycd than IN AGRICULTURAL
pursuits are kcpt down below and behind the
wage paid ia tie States whore tnero exists
diversified industry.
IL Wa TIE growth Of our manufacturing and
mining industries under the care Ok Che kepun-
llran administration and tho policy OF pToiec-
ton that Widened the fields Of agriculture,
stimulated tho expansion OF our railroad sye-
tenn and enlarged tho employment tor lhpOr
The attitude Of Virginia n respect 70 the iron
and steel Industries OF the country. Ia which
two hundred and thirty-One billions OF capital
are now Invested and one hundred aud iOrtY-oue
thousand people had employment Il In striking
contrast with that OF the oiher states Of the
[ Mon engaged IN Utilizing iheif own resources
whom we remember bow bOundless arc her de-
uosits OF ore and how abundant are her cspaci-
Ties In every material factor for the manufacture
Of iron ana steel IN every marketable shape,
and that here, upon tributary Of the James
the iron forge was first known 70 the colouists.
She has nallen 10 the twenty-nflh -thte Ia ihe
measure Of iron aud steel productions
NlLHlNAA AMI AlAiANo4os
Bnt L.; US narrow the influence a nanufs--
lures and run the parallel between Virginia aid
some younger state.
In 1850 tho undivided Old State Of Yirg mia BAD
4 74O manufacturing establishments, with an in
vested capital Of slslO9.l43, win labor roll II
"a 200 males and g. 20 females. footing Tor wages
e.. 84.47G annually and yielding product IN
value OF SO 6j2,5g7.
In lssl the state hal $40 establishments With
capital Of go. 96s go ayroll oi2o,77a males.
g. IA females. ana 5.2Jl children footing a., 25.-
2dl and yielding d gross product In value OF
Ia $50 there we're IN the State OF Illinois 8. ice
establishments with capital OF
ca ~. ,e5 ANA payroll Of ll.06 males and i9s
females, footing a., $50 and yielding gross
product In value o. Sld,5A.S'u.
Here we observe that In number o. nnauufac-
tories. capital invested, persons employed, wages
paid and value OF product Old Virginia was n
iesO ahead Of ilhaOis but mark nov the cou-
trsst when we come % give the imposing iguree
Hhich represent the magnitude OF these indus
tries tor the year isnU, 10 the state Of Illinois
That year her manufacturing Embellishments
had risen TO l4.5i9 ia number. with an Invested
capital Of Sl40,652 coo. and payroll OF lx0.5jo
males, i5.Sj3 females. ami 1855 children. footing
for wages So. 40 Gs5 annually, aud yielding IN
value a gross product of t4i3.sei,6,a
Her AGRICULTURAL products 10 1889 were worth
sa0i. OO.G0O: 10 Virginia they we're sieOo0.00o
Illinois has - oC0.0O0 acres IN agriculture; VIZ
giniA 3OOO0Oo0. Her lands are worth S32 per
ncre: Virginiais fl0.0. Only "A per cent OF her
population are engaged In agriculture and 81
per cent. in Virginia.
In lIirois both agriculture and manufactures
prosper. and labor there buds fun employment
az equitable wages. There tho earnings per
capita Of those engaged In agriculture are
1891 yearly; IN Virginia tiS0. There the aysrhse