Barbour County index. [volume] (Medicine Lodge, Kan.) 1880-current, 1889-05-15


gary, India, Arabia, Surinam, Siberia,
Cornwall, Scotland, the Giants Causeway
and in California, near Vallejo. Beautiful
chalcedonic pebbles may be picked up on
some Of the southern English beaches, ct
Pescadero, in California, and at Lake Tahoe.
Chalcedony is usually milk white, but it as
sumes q number of colors and markings.
When 1t Is Of light red or yellow color Il
Is called carnelian, because Of its Aesh
color. Carnelian was formerly much used
for beads and sealstones, but now IL Il sell
dom seen ~ an ornament except In the
shape OF cheap rings sold at country fairs.
When It is Of Q deep brown IL IL called
sardius, or ssrd; when it shows alternat-
ing parallel bands Of different colors with.
out any pronounced contrast it - called
onyx; and when these layers are Of very
dark sard and nearly opaque white chalce-
dony IL IL called sardonyx, stone that was
and Ii still held In great esteem for enRrav-
ing into cameos.
Lastly, flint, horn-stone and plasma are
all baser forms Of this same chalcedony.
Though 80 closely alike IN name the beryi
and chrysoberyl have little else Ia common.
The beryl is variety Of the emerald, and 10
found In six.sided prisms Of variable dimen-
sicns. The colors are generally blue or
yellow, but some are coioriess. When of
clear tints or sea-green or sky-biue they
are called by the jewelers. aqua-marines.
Beryl crystals are found In New Hampshire
aud Massachusetts,, China, Brazil, Siberia.
Cornwall, Ireland and Scotland, the Irish
specimens being Of Q Aae blue color and
sometimes quite transparent
The chrysoberylis found In small rounded
masses about the size Of q pea, which on
being cut show various tints Of ereenish
yellow, with clear, translucent and very
hard body. Sometimes they show q blush
opalescence internally. The finer chryso-
oeryis are equal In appearance to the yellow
diamond. They are found in ireland, Brazil
and Ceylon.
The chrysollte, Ike the chalcedouv. ia q
silicate. 1t is rarely found In CRYSTALS, but
generally in angular pieces of greenish or
golden-yellow color, embedded In basalt or
lava. The principal localities are vesuyius
and the Isle Of Bourbon, in lava; Real del
Monte In Mexico, Upper Egypt, CONSTANT
nople, and In pale green transparent crys.
tails among the sand Of a stream in
Auvergne. Inferior varieties Of the chryso-
lite are called olivines, and are found in the
basal6 Of the Giants Causeway, the lavas
Of Unkel, on the Rhine, and those of the
Sandwich Islands. 1t is sometimes found,
too, in meteoric stones.
Jacinth is only another name for hyacinth.
and the hyacinth Is variety of another
silicate called zircon, found in Ceylon, Nor
way, some Of the islands of Scotland and
certain Irish streams. Zircon occurs in
crystals, generally square, four-sided
prisms terminated by four-sided pyramids.
and also In grains, sometimes white, but
more frequently red, yellow, green or
gray. The colorless or slightly smoky kinds
are called jargoon; the bright red hyacinth
and the grayish or brownish zirconite.
Another precious silicate is the more per-
feet form of schorl called tourmaline. The
red tourmaline or rubellite, which In
brought from Brazil, Ceylon, Avar and
Siberia, possesses considerable beauty. The
transparent colored varieties are sometimes
still cut into ring stones, etc., and when |
reduced to thin slices are much valued for |
making experiments In the polarization of
light.
The list of precious silicates il not vet ex-
hausted. There Is, for instance, that known
as jasper. 1t is found in various colors-
spotted, banded or variegated. It takes a |
fine polish, and the variety and richness of |
its colors render it still useful in the orna-
mental arts. Allied to this is the blood |
stone, Jaspery variety Of quartz. of a dark |
green color, variegated with red spots. and |
was once quite q fashionable material for |
seals and ring stones. When the spots are |
yellow, instead Of red, this stone is called |
the heliotrope. Still another silicate that
takes rank among the precious stones il
the lapis lazuli or lazulite. 1t is Of beauti. |
full color, often speckled with yellow grains. |
and Is still made use of in mosaic and inlaid |
work, as well as for making vases and other |
costly ornaments.
Quartz, except where It contains rich |
gold deposits, Is not generally considered a |
precious stone, but there is variety called |
the rose quartz, which certainly comes un-
der that head. It is Of q beautiful rose red |
or pink color, and nearly transparent. 1t is
found in Ceylon and Bavaria, and is often |
sold for much more pr ecious stones. Adu-
laria, or felspar, likewise is not of much
value, but that resplendent variety found |
In Siberia and Norway Of q pale yellowish |
color and called the suustone IL certainly n /
jewel amonR stones. The play of color on a |
gold sunstone is simply beautiful
There are scores Of other precious stones
that are not found in the everyday list, but
this article must be brought to a close with
the statement that the red garnets 80 COM
monty seen are but one of very many varie-
lies, which include the cinnamon stone of an
the water garnet, which Is
,olorless; the grossuls, which is olive, and
he black.