davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
rran,fs,s of ItaAl E.r.ta.

The following transfers of real estate
were left for record at Clerk HOok'a Office
yesterday:
Deed msde December 1889, by James
d. Bodley TO Jerry O'Brien, for part of 10,
No. 50, on the south side of Eighteenth
street. Consideration, 1915.
Deed made December II, 1889. by Misc
Sallie 7. Handlsn TO Mrs Francisco
Msrkus, for lot No. III, in Jacobs second
addition. Confederation $3.50
Deed made December 2. 1889, by Jof n
Arbenz, executor for Catharins Durst, to
John ]. Dick, for piece of ground near
the northwest corner Of Kentucky and
North York streets. Consideration, 81. 400.
Deed made December 7. 1850, By Eliza
A. Lewis and Others, to Annie E Ksmin-
sky, for piece Of ground on the west side
Of South Wabash street. Consideration,
800.
Deed made December II, 1889, by Guy
r. G. Allen and B B. DJVener, special
Commissioners, to David Grant, for part Of
10. No. Il, in square No. II, on the souih
side OF Eleventh street. Consideration,
81 l40.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
HE FAILED TO APPEAR.
Secretary Blaine Invited to a Lunehe
With Editor SHEPARD.

Secretary Blaine Invited to a Luncheon
With Editor shepard.
New YORK, December 19.-An interest
iDg incident of Secretary Blaine's visit 10
this city was an invitation extended TO him
by Col. Eliot F. Shepard, editor of the
Mail and Express, to take luncheon with
him yesterday, in the laiter's private Of
fee.
An elaborate table was spread by the AS
tor House caterer, and a number of walters
were On hand to serve the Secretary Of
State. The latter, howevsr, for some
reason failed to appear. tits possible that
be had read the recent ex perience OF Gen
Russell Alger in the came apartment and
under the same circumstances.
1t will be remembered that Col. Shepard,
after q social time, published in his paper
a lengthy alleged interview with Gen. AL
ger on political topics which raised a de-
cided bIefz9 and called the General into
print with indignant denuncation.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
MURDERED IS COLD BLOOD.
Excitement In Police Circles Yestsrda,

Excitement In Police Circles Yesterday
mornioE.
There was quite ripple of excitement
in police circles yesterday morning.
About eleven o'clock a well-known gen.
tleman blew into the Office at the City
Hall, aud almost startled Lieutenant Deku
ont of bis uniform by telling him that
while passing along the Peninsula road, he
had discovered considerable quantity OF
blood in and about the mouth Of large
culvert which leads under the road and
the embankment of the new terminal sys-
tenn.
Officer Deku called on Officer Shorts,
and the two went out TO the place. They
had some difficulty in locating the culvert,
but sfter wading around in the mud for q
while they found it. Sure enough, there
was a pool of blood, and other indications
of a foul crime. Matches we're throEn in
the culvert, bat nothing could be ssen,
and after a consultation, Officer Shorts re.
moved his coat, and cautiously entered
the hole. Reaching the bottom, be burn
ed a newspaper or two, but could discover
nothing except some additional indications
of blood.
Here was first-class mystery, and after
the officer emerged from the hole, consider
ably the worse for mis- trip IS to personal
appearance, be held a consultation with
the anxious Deku. Wnile this was going
on, a small boy appeared on the scene, and
was ssked if he knew anything about the
blood.
"Oh, yes," said the urchln; 'that's
where Mr.. Schenck killed big hog, yes
terdsy."
The officers looked disgusied, but after
little further questioning it was found q
big porker had fallen in the culvert, about
four days before. He hsd been fed every
day, pending deliberatiOn as to how to
get him out, but the problem defying solu-
ton, he was shot, and The carcass then
hoisted out. The porker's throat being cut,
accounted for the blood.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
The Cent?. manly Borglnr and the slot.

Washington Post.
A gentleman ~ bnr lar went 20 the Na-
tional the other night. The burglar ia
taking vacation just al present He was
very much interested in the patent drop a.
dime in the slot-and get-A pair-of-opsra-
glasses box. He looked it over, and over
and srOn chuekled within:
"Well, this il fine. Now lei M zee.
He droyp.d dime in at the top, turned
the screw, and the I'D fell. The glasses
came out.
In New York they bad printed on the
lining statement that the opening Of the
box was communicated to the ticket office
outside by some electrical device. Bat il
was a fake, and they had to chain the
glasses A. these are chained. Nog let us
see. ="
He took pair Of nippsrs from his Doc k
ct and cut the chain. The glasses were
placed 10 his oyercoat.
Hum, hs ~
He deity took haifpi1 from the lady
iu front, gave it few bends. aid went 10
work In Just forty seconds ne had got
into the cash till and recovered his dime,
with three others. He then pushed it
back in place. The lid still remained opep.
He gently pushed it to.
"You have to use a special key TO lock
it up. Now see. "
He gave the hshpn another twist,
probed into the slot st the top, hooked
something aud gave pull. The lid was
closed, the opera glasses gone and the till
tapped. He Strengthened the aairpin, gave
it the proper turn, and inserted 1t among
the lady tresses
''S)me time within a month that box
will be opened, " said be, as he walked out,
"and disappointed glass hunter will haze
q row with the doorkeeper, or whoever has
il in charge. The company is getting up
some electric deyicei to indicate when one
Of their op,rs R,ss; ss goes out OF doors. Bat
the frst man they haul mp will have
b1nch of keys that set the machine 10
Jumping, and the first lady will have steel
corset ribs. Oh, it is grta, scheme"
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
CLARKs GO FREE.

Three OF the Greene County Suspects
Finally Dismissed.
WAYNEsBURG, PA, Decsmber 10
This morning District Attorney Huss ask
ed that no7e proseqm be entered in the
cases of Frank CLARK, Sr., Frank CLARK,
Jr., and John T. Clark, who are indicted
al accomplices in the murder of William
McCausland. Mr.. Huss gave as his reason
that he thought the Commonwealth did
not have sufficient evidence at the present
time to Justify in bringing them to trial.
Captain James F. SIyers and William
Hook, attorneys for the defendants, both
objected 10 this proceeding. They desire
jury trial nnd aoq1ittel for their clients.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
CULTIVATED SIOUX.
About Fifty Warriors Get Peep at Rel
fan,ln

About Fifty warriors Get Peep at Ben.
jamln.
WASHINGTON, D. @, December 49,
The President gave a reception this after
noon to the delegation OF Sioux Indiar $
now on a visit 10 the city. There were
about fifty of them present. Senator
Warner presented the Indians saying that
it was merely social call. He then in.
iroduced John Grass, of Standing Rock
Agency, who made good -naturtd speech
to the President, in the course of which
he remarked with quiet humor that this
was not scalpiug visit but merely friend.
ly call. His people would like among
other things q boundary lice for the reser-
walton and better schoo!s for their children.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
WILL OPPOSE HARRAH.
The Flint GIassworkers Against Ma
Ouay's Man

The Flint GIassworkers Against Matt
Quay's Man.
PGTTsBURG, December 19.-The Ameri-
can Flint Glassworkers' Union viii! DO
all in its power, as one OF the representa-
tive labor organic ,tions of Western Penn
sylvania, to defeat the confirmation by
the Senate of Joseph Ritner Harrah as
United States Marshal for Western Penn
sylvsnia. The reason given for the op-
position is that the appOintee has always
been an enemy of labor organizations and
has carried his hatred for unionism to
such an extent as to make extraordinary
efforts TO convict Secretary Dillon and
other members of the union for conspiracy
during the Rochester Tumbler Works
strike at Rochester, Pa, in the summer Of
1893
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
PARNELL SPEAKS.
He Is Grateful for EDglIlh Confidence in
Him.

He Is Grateful for EDglith Confidence In
LIVERPOOL, December 19.-At a bar-
quet at which Mr.. Parnell WAS entertain
ed TO night, check for ST., 500, the sum
of the proceeds of the Liverpool Tenants
Defence Fund, was presented to him. In
thanking the donors he said he thought he
was fairly entitled to boast that he was thu
first Irishman who had been 30 trusted by
Eaglishmen who had started this sub
scription before Sir OhsIles Russell had
won the victory for him. He
again declared that the object of the
Home rule party was to improve the in-
dustrial development Of Ireland. Why
should the promoters Of a plan Of cam
psign that kept a nation free from crime
be treated es criminals? Earl Spencer e
coercion WAS directed at real crimes, but
that of B,lfour was only against shop
keepers for refnsing to sell. Irishmen had
had in times past some justification done
for hostility to England, but now they
entered joyfully hand in hand with Eng
lish Liberals into battle which he trust-
al was very near the end.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
He An,wer, Dom Pedro's minister.

LISBON, December 19.-The OseculO
Publishes telegram from Senior Barbozs,
Brazilian minister of inance, denying the
assertions in the manifesto recently issued
to the peopleof Brazil by Viscount De Ouro
Preto, lately Imperial Prime Minister.
He says 10 regard to the Brazilian affairs !:
The national prosperity is increasing on
grand scale. A commission has been sp
pointed to draft constitution and elector-
al laws, and the provisional government
will in few days decree religious freedom
aud civil marriage. Absolute rarquility
exists and the financial situation is assured
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
A GREAT COMBINE.

The Western PennsyIvauia Roads TO be
Consolidated.
PHILADELPHIA. December 19.-StOck
brokers' had rumOr to-day that the Penn
sylvania Company would consolidate all Of
its lines west of Pittsburg into one great
system of 8. 400 miles with one manage
ment. It was also stated that the Penn
sylvania people were buying the stock Of
the Chicago, st. Louis and Pittsburg Rail.
road Company, which, it is expected, will
be benefited by the project. The rumoI
could not be confirmed at the General
Office Of the Pennsylvania Railroad Com
panY.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
CABLE BREVITIEs.

Mr.. ParDell received an ovation at Liv-
erpoOl, yesterday.
Paul D4roulede, the French politician, ia
seriously i'll.
A large number of Russian spies have
been arrested by the Austrian authorities
in Galicis.
NJ. Tirsrd, the French Prime Minister,
II. De Freycinet, Minister OF War, NJ.
Spuler, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and
NJ. Faye, Minister of Agriculture, are suf'
f-riDg from the influenza.
The Guatemalesn Minister at Paris de-
nies the report that there is a revolution IN
his country.
The Browning fnneral service will be
held in Westminster Abbey on Tuesday,
December 81 at noon.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
MINERS WILL WIN.

The Moaongahela Operators COacedIng
Their Demands.
PITTsBURG, December ia general
resumption of work in the coal mine Of the
Monongahela Valley is looked for the first
Of the year. A number Of operators have
conceded the advance of one-half cent per
bushel demanded by the strikers and have
already started their works. The others,
it is claimed, will s9OD fall into line. The
strike was inaugurate1 about six weeks
ago and affects ), 000 men.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
UNCLE SANS RICHES.
The TotaI Wealth OF the United State
over xty Billion.

The TotaI Wealth OF the United States
over ; Ity Billion.
NEW YORK, December 19.-Tbe World
has obtained from the Treasurer of each
State the value of property assessed for
taxation in the Census Office in 1889. The
Worlds results sh " sn increase in taxable
property of Sc $50, 600, ard an increase in
actual wealth of SIS, 662, 900, 900 since
1880. The total wealth l. SCI, 459, 900, 600
exclusive OF public property and So, O93, =
GOO, 600 property invested. The wealth OF
the United States now exceeds the total
wealth of the whole world at any time
previous to the middle of the 18th century,
and the amount invested abroad is alone
equal TO the national wealth Of Portugal
and Denmark. The total wealth Of only
five nations ia equal to tine mere increase
Of the U oited States in the past nine years.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
BEECHBR A DUDE.

SO the scuiptor's Art Hakes Henry Ward
Appear.
NEW YoRY, December 1S.-The statue
OF the late Henry Beecher nov be-
ing made by J. o. A. Ward and destined
to occupy a site in Prospect Park, Brook
lyn is about ready for casting, but the
relatives aud friends of Mr.. Beecher are
said to be very much disappointed at it..
According to one it hears no resemblance
at all to the great reacher, the position is
a very awkward one, and the clothes are
so put on as 10 lead one to think that Mr..
Beecher must have been a veritsble dude.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
IN FOUR ROUNDS.

a Qaick Battle Between Two Indiana
Pugs.
INDIANAPOLIS, December ia special
from Tene Haute, Ind, says Steve Curren
knocked out Jack Dufl,y in the fourth
round, Marquis OF Queensbury rules, two
ounce gloves, this morning at ? o'clock, at
a place Just over the line in Illinois. About
$50 sporting men from the Wabash valley
were prtsent.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
Washington News.

Secretary Proctor has determined TO
pay the widow of the late General Shields
the full SIC, 600 appropriated for payment
for the two handsome swords she present
ed the War Department.
Second Lieutenant f B. Bsbbit has
been appointed First Lieutentant, Ordi
nance Department.
W. O. Howell has been appointed As
sistant U. S. Attorney for the Southern
District OF Iowa.
Secretary and Mrs Blaine have returned
from New York.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
sII COTI's sTEALINGs.
1hs Committee Thinks Uncle Sam Shout
Make Them SOod.

Anth
WASHINGTON, d. O., December 19 -
The tpscial House committee investigating
the Silcott defalcation has at last agreed
upon a report by the terms of which an
will be asked to make good
the Losses sustained by the members OF the
House. Mr.. Holman and Mr.. Hemphill
could not unite in with the majority in
this agreement Mr.. Holman wished to have
the seventy thousand dollars remaining in
the seTgesnt-st-arms' Office distributed.
Mr. Hemphill favored the reference of the
C ise 10 the Court of Claims.
THE VIEW OF THE MAJORITY.
Five of the seven members of the COM
mittee, including the chairman, hold that
the sergeantat-arms was public officer,
and that individual members were justi-
fed by the Usage and offic.a! recognition,
extending over many years in 20 regarding
him and that the loss by the malfeasauce ce Of
SilcOtt should be borne By the public
and aot by members Of Congress
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
A PIea.ant Occasion.

Last evening Black Prince Lodge Nc.
ls K. Of P, put a candidate through the
third, or Knignts degree, and the Dallas,
W. Va, Lodge was present to witness the
work. and at the conclusion Of the meet
ing the sssemblsge adjourned to the
dining hall where q sumptuous supper
was spread, which was discussed with
greet relish. 4 feature OF the feast was q
fne roasted pig, which disappeared rapid
Iy. Speeches and a general good time
followed, and the occasion was most
Piles sant one.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
SHIP BUILDERS.

Gigantic Concern to be Located at
Chicago.
CHICAGO, December 9.-The announce
ment now comes from Cleveland that the
Globe Iron Works, the most extensive
builders of steel ships on the great lakes
have Joined hands with the Illinois Steel
Company in the organization of company
to construct steel ships in Chicago. The
new corporation will be known as the Chi
cago Ship Building Company.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
ORDER OF CASES.
The House Committee ArrADEes the bat
ties TOR SeRts.

The House Committee ArraDEes the Bat
ties for Seats.
WASHINGTON, December 19.-The sub
committee Of the House Election Commit
tee, charged with the arrangement of the
contested election cases, completed its
work this morning without much difficulty.
After some discussion it was agreed
that ths Republicans should select on
caseand the Democrats another in alterna-
tion until all were arranged. This course
was adopted, with the following resulting
order for the hearing of the cases:
Smith vs. Jackson, Weet Va; .. McGin-
mis- Va. AldersOo, West. Va; 3. Atkinson
vs.. Pendleton, West Va; Featherstone
vs. G ,te, Arkansas; 8 Mudd vs. Compton,
MARYLAND; Threet VS. Clarke, Alabama
7. POsey W Vsrrett, Indiana; 8 R1wen
w. Buchanan, Virginis; 9 WAddsll vs.
Wise, Virginia; 10. Eaton vs. Phelan,
Tennessee; II McDuffile vs. Turpin, Ala
bama; - Chalmers vs. Morgan, Ala
bams; 13 Lapgiion vs Venable, Virginia;
IA. Miller vs.. EllicOtt, South Carolina;
IS. Hill vs. CAtchings, Mississippi; JIG
Kernaghan vs. Hooker, Mississippi; Il
GObleich vs.. Bullock, Florida.
FUN BEGINS JANUARY 7.
No order was made in the case of Baker
Va. Formau as this is not contest but
simply a motion on Bakers part to be al
lowed the expenses OF the contest which
he inaugursted snd afterwards abandoned, 4,
upon the recount of the vote. According
TO the first case-Smith vs. Jackson, West
Virginia, is to be heard January z, and
after that two cases are to be heard weekly
for two consecutive weeks. An intermis-
sion OF a week will follow and then the
regular order will be resumed. The cases
are to be reported to the House in the
order in which they are heard before the
committee. This entire arrangement Is
subject to the approval Of the full commit
tee which meets tomorrow.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
Ho~ congeessmsn Martin Buy. Cirar..

Congressman william MARTIN, Of Terse
who was the innocent butt Of great deal
OF fun aud practical joking nj the last Con
gress, is, perhaps, the heaviest smoker In
the official life OF the capital. He hes
been described and ilu-.rsted extensively.
bnt all TIE pen and pencil pictures OF him
lack one all-importaBt feature, the never
falling cigar.
The fragrant weed is his great com FORT
and consolation, to which he resorts a.
most constantly in his wsking hours. he
is not particular a. 10 brand. quality
style, OF price. There ID a cigar stand n
the corridor OF the House which be pat
ronizss unremittingly. When be steps up
to the counter he says to the clerk, briefly.
"Cigars.' II ths clerk lays down on TIE
case hindfal Msior Martin connts them.
lights one, puts the Others in HE vesi
pocket, and asks, How muchg' The
amount is stated and paid II only one
cigar is laid on the case he takes h inst
the same and says Likewise, simply, "IIow
much?' The clerks, ss may be ex xpcctsd.
keep him well supplied.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
A THRIFTY SPIRIT

Catches on to the Wealth of an Iowa
Farmer.
WEST UNION, Iowa, December 19.-
Paul Hill, an old resident over 20 years Of
age, was called recently to Pennsylvania
by the spirit of his former wife through a
medium. Taking his earthly partner with
him he went to Hop Bottom where he was
induced to leave bis wife and live with his
spirit affinity. The medium got his money
SO 900 and his wife came back.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
NOT RESPONSIBLE.

The Ohio Mice Inspector Condemned the
AIkanna Shaft.
COLUMBUS, O., December 19-Mine In
spector Hazeltine is indignant at the Cor
oner's verdict in the accident at the Ali
kama mine, near Sleubenville, by which
two boys were killed. The verdict places
the blame on the Inspector. Mr.. Hazeltire
says he inspected the mine July 3 and saw
that the mine owners did not have safety
catches on the elevator. He ordered them
put on and says all the evidence showed
the acciden. wss caused by disobeyiDg the
orders of his department.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
A MILL ON MONDAY.
SMITH AND SLAVlN WILL FIGHT IN
BELGIUM
Before the AristOcralic Sports Of All EOgland-A
Hot Battle Between Indiana Pugs- Zlmmr
Signs With the Lssgus General
Sporting News.

LONDON, December 19.-It is stated
that Jem Smith and Frank Slavin, the
Australian pugilist, will fight on Monday
near Lille, in Belgium, for the champion
ship of England and s., 500 side. All the
aristocratic patrons of the ring will 20
from here by the Brussels Express Sunday
NIGHT
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
PKoHlBIrIuN WINS.

A bitter Battle On Dakota Eads in Cold
water Victory
BIsMARCE, n. D., December l9.-The
Prohibition Bill was called up in the Sen
ate yesterday afternoon. and after bitter
6gbt was passed BY a vote Of twsnty-three
to eight Il was hurried to the House,
where the amendments were coneurred in
aud the bin passed Bsfor the bill could
pass the senate Il was necessary to strike
out the emergency clause putting 1t in ef
feet May /. IL nov takes the regular
course and will 20 into effect July l.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
REAL ESTATE SENSATION.

Five VI luou Dollars worth Of Property In
Litigation.
ST. PAUL. December 10 Real estate
circles were greatly agitated this afternoon
by the filing Of 1l5 suits to quiet title to
property valued at more than s. 100000
The land lies between Marshall aud St.
Anthony avenues, in the heart Of the hne
residence district OF the city. The suits
arc brought by Augustus h. Baruum and
many others agaidst Joseph ID Damn,
Henry DunbaIry aud their wives, who
osred the property in 1888, aud whose
-irs noE turn up with alleged good title
IN if
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20

Special Telegram 20 the Register
WESTON, W. VA, December l9.-Pat-
rick Stan ton, who has a store in Buekhan-
non, was arrested last night by Deputy
Marshal George W. Stuart, upon charge
Of selling the ardent without license. He
was brought here this morning aud given
a trial before Commissioner Meigs Bland,
who recognized his bail TO appear in Jan
nary. al Parkersburg, term Of U. s. Court.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
WEDDING THEM OUT.

PIuckIng the Clan-Na-G Gael From the OhI-
csgo Police.
CHICAGO, December 19-There were
five more discharges issued from the Office
of Superintendent of Police Hubbard to-
day. The officers removed are Detectives
Palmer and Flynn, Patrolmen Michael
Ahern and Daniel Cunningham and S'a-
tionkeeper K.lIy. The charges are 10
each case conduct unbecoming an officer
and neglect Of duty, bat the men ara all
removed for their actions daring the Gro.
min case
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
The I.fiuenza In Kausas.

KANSAS CITY, Mo-, December 19.-The
Star says: A number Of cases of il fiuenzA
distinct enough in typs 10 be readily rec
ognlzible, have attracted the observation
of local physicians in this city. Inter
views with several physicians are pre-
sented and the number of cases are placed
M about 100.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1889-12-20
JUROR CULVER SUES.

A $4,000 Libel Suit Results from the
Cronin Trial.
CHICAGO. December 19.-JurOr John
Culver, of Cronin case notoriety, began a
suit this afternoon in the Superior Court
against the Chicago Herald, claiming dam
ages of $25, goo, on account of an article
concerning him published in Sunday morn
ing's edition. TOT reporter be said he had
been in effect charged with allowing bis
verdict to be Influenced by bribery, and he
proposed to give the publishers chance to
prove il.