Morning journal and courier., 1889-05-27
NEWS ABOUT PHR RN0LeGx.
Facts That Indicate There Is Some.
 thing In Ihe Alleged Science.

Facts That Indicate There Is Some
 thing in the Alleged Science.
 It is a curious faot, says the New York Sun, that modern research appears about to establish firm scientific basis for some of the teachings of phre nology just at a time when that doctrine has passed almost entire- ly out of vogue. At the Archaeological Institute in London, some little time since, MT. Bernard HolIander read a paper on cen- tres of idestion, bringing together the results of many experiments in applying galyauic currents to different parts of the brain.
 It has been pointed out, for instance, by various trained observers that the emotion of joy throws into action the great zygomatio muscles which draw the mouth upward and backward, while at the same time the obicu- lar muscles are more or less contracted. Now it has been found that there is a definite portion of the brain where a gslvanic cur- rent produces exactly this effect upon the same muscles, although a current applied elsewhere does not move them.
 It is thus apparent that the effect of gall vanio current upon this portion of the brain is to produce the physical expression of joy and it is exactly in this place that Combe locateI his organ of cheertulness, which he afterward called hope. Another learned pro- lessor has stated that the brain centres for the facial movements are found to correspond with Calls centre for mimicry or imitation In still different spot the galvanic current will cause movements of the lips, tongue and cheeks, indicating that here must be the seat of guststory sensation. In the year of 1894, when phrsnology was attracting great atten- tion, many men claimed to have discovered ha T1f fafi 0r ail which they located over this same spot.
 There is also another centre where the current causes contraction of g certain mus cle which retracts the angle of the mouth, and is strongly contracted under the in- Auence of fear, and for this reason has re- ceived the name of the muscle of fright. It is in this region that Cali and Spurzheim located their organ of cautiousness, which they found largely developed in tinid peo- pie. There is still another centre which, whom excited by the current, is said to cause ''raising of the shoulders with extension of the arms" and both Darwin and Mantegazza have long since referred this gesture to "the expression of patience, submission, and the absence of any intention to resist" Just here was placed Calls organ of veneration, and when this is defective in children, Com be says, they regardless of autority, prone to rebellion and little attentive to command.
 It would seem, from the facts gathered and compared by Mr. Hollander, that the founders of what we are accustomed to con- slider as the antiquated system of phrenology, though unable in what was the state of knowledge at that time to demonstrate their conclusions, must have been extremely sLrewd and careful observers of all the facts which lay within their reach, and that the theories which they based upon these ob- servations are well worth 8 careful re- examination in the light of modern sci- ence.