St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-12-02
FARM NOTES.
Hints and Facts Ihat May Be of
Value TO Ciilers OF the Soil.

Hints and Facts that May Be Of
Value TO Tiilers OF the Soil.
A new process of butter making is re-
ported from Australia in the American
Agriculturist. Air is introduced into
the cream in the churn through an in
termediate vessel, in which is stored
water and a harmless solution which
purities the air and otherwise renders it
suitable for producing the desired effect
upon the cream. The air pipe opens
into the churn near the bottom, through
which the gases are driven out. The
butter runs to the top OF the churn, and
the butt rmilk is run off from tap at
the bottom. The process lasts from
twenty to forty or sixty minutes, ac-
cording to the condition of the cream
and other circumstances.
The American Agriculturist says: "a
mongrel sire is worse than bad; cross
bred ewes make good dams; that is adj
mitted. but when wool is the chief con-
SideratiOn the first cross is far and
away the most valuable one. Australian
wool has a worldwide renOwn. The
best fieeces are the result of the union
of ciean-bred, short-WOOl tribe, or vice
versa. All further crossing causes a
marked deterioration in the fleece. This
is not perceptible in flOckS raised for
mutton, as the crOss-bred ewes can,
generatiOn after generation. he bred to
pure-blOoded rams until the old strain
is lost and flock attainS an almost clean
standard or pedigree"
Improved stock requires improved
food. That is, the best stock is that
which requires good care and manage
ment instead of being compelled to pick
Ix- no tt
with difficulty. Improved stock, wheth-
er full-bred or grades, give good results
only when the opportunity for so doing
Is afforded. When the scrub is aban-
d0ned the methods of keeping the scrub
should be discarded also. Feeding has
largely contributed to the development
and Improvement of all classes of stock,
and judgment in that direction will still
permit of further progress.
According to Sir j. b. LaweS. an acre
of barley abSOrbs SAT tons of water
dayi Ibis appears enormous. But If
we could see the amount of moisture
that daily and hourly rises FROM the
: fields and forests. il would astOnsh us
until we got familiar with 1t. The
water is thrown Off by the tree and
plant, but the fertiliZing material which
it held in solution remains to nourish
Dwarf white asttr, were recon-
mended for winter blooming by an
Illinois florist at the recent Buffalo con-
roses in beds near the glass, and will
bloom when only four inches high.
They yield better than carnations. and
can be grown more prOtitably, for as
soon as one lot of plants is through
blooming another can Ue had in readi-
ness to take its place.
There was on exhibition at several of
the fairs this fall Clydtsdale horse.
five years old, that weighed nearly
5000 pounds. and is 2054 hands high, 81
inches round his arm, 45 inches round
stitie, feet IL inches in girth, 341155
inches round his hip. and IL feet inches
in length. His head is 81 inches long,
and he wears set of shoes that weigh
thirty-twO pounds.
Hoard's Dairyman says that, ton for
ton, many farmers are finding out that
unthreshed oats cut when the grain is
in the rather soft dough state, and cut
with a Straw-cutter, are Better than
meadow hay-cuG equally fine-to feed
cattle, especially mich cows. AS
rule. good farmers raise far more weight
of oats to the acre than hay.
An Ohio experiment station reaches
the conclusion, after several trials, that
corn ensilage is superior to field beets
as a flesh and fat former, but that the
beetS are preferable for milk prOduc-
ton. The dry solids of both compare
favorably with those of the better
grades of other kinds of food.
1t is curious fact, so announced. that
if cider is scalded to 1875 or 1870 degrees
it will not make vinegar, as this heat
destroys the bacteria that form vinegar.
This Same temperature destroys the
bacteria in the silo, and this is perhaps
the explanation why it remains COM
paratiyely sweet.
When Introducing new animals on the
farm the owner will find it to his inter-
est to know how they have been raised.
and if change of treatment is required
to make such change gradually. This
is firsI-rate advice.
Six thousand ducks are annually mar
keted from the farm of a prominent yet
transformations farmer IN Massachusetts,
who cOmprehends the idea of handling
his stock in way to yield him a quick
return, with little expense for their
keeping.
According to the American Agricul-
turiSt the milk supply of New York
city affords an income to the farmers
furnishing it OF s10,0O0.OO0, at two and
nalf cents quart. Over 100000 cows
are MIXED to obtain this supply. and
S60.000,00O of capital is invested. ey-
elusive of the railroads and of dealers.
Milk is drawn from five states, and
some of it is hauled 800 miles by the
railroads. With vigilaDt milk inspect
ors and an active dairy commissioner
with his deputies, New York is getting
supply of fairly good milk and honest
butter.
Is it well to let cows have all the
water they will drink under all circum-
stances? Prof. SdnbOrn found that by
reducing tine water drank by the cow
standing in the stable he reduced the
flow of milk, but improved its quality.
Is it not likely that cows that have had
water only once or twice day get very
thirsty at times, and drink to excess
when they get at the water? With free
access toit, without travelling far, in all
probability they would drink less and
do better.
One of the best plans for inducing the
boys to stay on the farm is to give them
pet stock. The younger ones may be-
gin with flock of bantam fowls. If an
interest can be created in petting and
raising lamb, pig, calf or colt, the boy
will soon begin to calculate how much
profit can be derived, and as he becomes
larger will have preference for stock
raising. To educate the boy let him
have an interest in something ON the
farm.
In a neighborhood where the dairies
are small and the people do not under
stand making butter creamery proves
of great advantage by improving the