The Springdale news., 1889-12-13
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treasury of tNO fullllDR dollars worth Dt Sill yer bullion each month, to be coined Into silver dollars of four hundred and twelve and one-h halt grains, has been observed by the department, but neither the secretary nor any of his pred ecess0rs has dee ned it ,afe tC exercise the discretion given Ky law to increase the monthly purchases to four million dollars.
 THE DANGERS OF FREE COINAGE OF SILVER. think it is clear that if We should make the coinage of silver at present rates free We must expect the difference iu bullion values of the gold and silver dollars will be taken account or m commercial transactions, and l fear tine same result would follow any con siderable increase of the present rate of coinage. Such result would be discredit able t. our financial management aud dIsas- trous to Hll business interests. We should not tread the dangerous edge of such peril, and, indeed nothing more harmful could happen To the silver interests. Any safe legislation upon this subject must se- cure the equality of the two coins in their commercial uses.
 THE CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT.
 The enforcement of the Chinese Exclusion act has been found to be very difficult on the Northwest frontier, Chtndmcn landing it Victoria lind 1t easy to pass our border, owing tO the impos~bility with the force at the command of the customs officers of guarding SO long an inland line. The Secre- tary of the Treasury has author. ized the employment ot additional officers. who will be assigned to this duty, and every effort will be made to enforce the law I lc Dominion exacts a
 
 and when these persons i'll fraud Ol our law cross into our territory and are appreheRded our officers do not know what to dc with them. Us the Dominion authorities will not suffer them to be sent back without second payment of the tax. An effort Will be made to reach an understanding that will remove this difficulty.
 THE BEHRtSG SEA PROCLAMATION
 The proclamation required by section of the Act of March , ls,3, relating to the kill ing of seals and other fur bearing animals, 2iSt O revenue vessel WAS dispatched to inforee the laws and protect the interests of the United States. The establishment of il refuge sta. tion 1t Point Barrow, as directed by Con gross, WAS successfully accomplished.
 OUR COAST DEFENSES.
 Judged by modern standards we are praC- tiCaliY without coast dcfeuSe-. Many ef the structures NC have wOuld enhance rather than diminish the perjls of their garFsons if subjected to the fire of improved guns, and very few are so located ds to give null effect to the greater range of such guns we are now making for coast defense uses. This general subject has had consideration in Congress for some years, and the appro- priatton for the construction of large riaed guns made one year ago, wds, l purpose to provide suitable works in which these guns might be mounted. An appro- priatiou now made for that purpose would not advance the completion of thc works be. yond our ability to supply them with fairly effective guns. The security of our coast cities against foreign attack should not rest
  other nations. There should be Il second line wholly in our own keeping. very urgently Tecommend ah apptoprlatto4 at this session for the construction of such works III our most exposed harbors.
 WISE srGGEsFt0N.
 Iappravc the suggestion of the Secretary of Wa that provision be made for eHeamp- ing companies of the National Guard n our coast works for specified time each year and for their training in the use of heavy guns. His suggestion that an increase of the artillery force of the army x desirable Is also in connection commented to the con sderatiou of Congress.
 RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVEMENT
 The improvement of our important rivers and hafbor- shouid be promoted by the nee essary appropriations. Care should he taken that the Government is not committed tathc prosecution of works not of public aud gen eFaI advantage, aHd that the relative useful hess of works of that class is not overlooked so far aS this work can eyer be said to be completed, douot doubt that the end would be sooner and more economically reacned Ii fewer separate works were undertaken at the same time, and those selected fer their greater general interest were more rapidly pushed t0 completion. \ Wurk once gDnsId- . eTahiY begun should not be subject to the risk and deterioration which interrupted or msHibe 5eHt appropriations necessarily ocea- sioH=
 HE PROTECTION oF THE JUDICIARY
 The assault made by Daytd S Terry upon the Ptf-ou of Justice tictd, of the supreme Cont of the Jn5ted states, at Luth0rp. Cal. assaflant by il deputy United states mar shal. who had been dcputed to accompany Justice Field and to protect him from an. tcfpated violence 1t the hansis of Terry. i'll connection with the lcgal proceedings winch have followed, suggest questions which tn my judgment. are worthy of the attention of Congress. I recolumend that more dcHnite provisions be made by l4w, not only for the protection of Federal officers but for Il tH4 trdi of such eases iii the United States CouTts. In recon mcneiIu@ such legislation du not at al itu- peach either the Ieucrd adequacy of the provision made bN state iIWs iul the pr ttec- ton of all cit sZeBs or th. general disposition of those charged with the execution ot such law to give protection tp the oGicers of the United states. The duty uf protecting its officers as such and Of puntshins those who assault them on ace0uHt of theIr official acts should not be deY0lved expressly or by ac quicscence upon the local authorities.
 WITNESSES SHOULD BE PROTECTED.
 Event. which have been brought to my attention happening in other parts of the country, have also suggested the propricty of extending, by legislation. fuller protection to thOs. who may be called uS witnesses in the courts of the Enited states. The law couiptls those who are supposed to have knowledge of pahlle offen~ts to attoud upon our courts and grand iuties, amt to give evidence There is n manifest resulting duty that these witnesses shali be protected from lhlurY on account of tht!r testimony, The Investigations of crim nal ofcHstS are often rendered futile, and the punishment of crime impossible, by the intimidation of witnesses.
 JUDICIAL COMPENSATION.
 The salaries of tho judges of the District Courts in many ot the districts are, iii my judgment, inadequate. recommend that all such salaries now below S5.9O0 per aunum be increased tO that amount. It j- quite true that the amount of labor performed by these judges is Ntfy unequal, but as they caq not properly engage in other pursuits to supplement their income, the salary should be such in all casts as to prnyidt an inde pendent and comfortable support.
 TRUSTS sHoELD BE MApE# obIoUs.
 Earnest attention should he given by Con- gress t0 consideration of the qur~tio how far the restraint of those combinations of capital commonly called trusts Is matter of Federal jurisdiction. When organized, Us they often are, to crush out all healthy com petition and to moHopoIize the production or sale ot an Hrtlele of commerce and gen cral necessity they are dangerous conspira- Cics aEIinst the pubttc good and should be made the subject ot prOhibitory and even penal legislation.
 INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT.
 The subject of an international copyright has been frequently commended t0 the at tcntIon of Congress by my predecessors. The enactment ot such law would be emi- ncutlX " ise and just
 OUR SAftKAL1ZAr1oN LAWS.
 our naturalization laws should he 20 re Yi-ed a- To make the inquiry into the char acter and good disposition towards our Coy