davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1889-10-04
CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS.
An Art Quite within tho Grasp OF Every
Intelligent Eng moor.

An Art Quite within tho Grasp Of Every
Intelligent Eng moor.
Most OF tho dams constructed for
four thousand years have been in all
essential particulars, like that at Cone
maugh- Where, then. was the
troublep In the construction of the
dam thore was q total neglect to con-
slider the first and fundamental prob
lem-the duty the dam was required
to perform. The works were not
properly related to the natural condi-
tiOns, and SO n lake was made at Cone
maugh which was for a long time O
menace to the people below, and at
last swept them TO destruction. Whom
the construction of such dam is pro-
posed. the first thing to be done is to
determine the amount of water to be
controlled and the rate at which it will
be delivered to the reservoir under
maximum conditions OF rainfall or
snow-melting. The pro per method Of
procedure is to determine, first, the
aren of the drainage basin supplying
tho reservoir; second, the doclivities
of tho supplying basin. The very first
thing. thon, is n topographic survey.
The second need is a photographic
survey. The precipitation in rain and
snow over the basin must be de-
termined as an average from
year to year, and also the max
imum precipitation at the times
of great food. This must be
supplemented by the gauging of
streams to determine their average
volumes and maximum volumes. All
of these factors are necessary and pre-
limiaary to the construction of n safe
and efficient reservoir system by MAX
ing mountain lakes Before u reser-
vojr dam is constructed, it is of prime
Importance to determine what will be
required OF it. With these facts ascer-
tanned, the engineer can easily plan
works adequate to control the forces
involved; he can readily determine how
much water he can store and what
waste-way will be necessary to dis
charge the surplus. The art of dam
construction is quito within the grasp
Of every intelligent engineer. In tho
case Of solid masonry dams, the waste
way is over the whole surface of the
dam, rs at the Great Falls OF the Po-
tomac, where a dam has been con-
structed to divert tho water into reser-
voirs that supply Washington. But
masonry dams are few; earth dams
ind those related to them. are many,
and with these special waste ways
must be provided, adequate to meet
all possible emergencies. The rules
for their construction are well known,
and have been known for tens of CEN
turios. In American engineering that
which has been most neglected is q
precise determination Of the duty OF
the dam-the conditions which it must
fulfill or else be destroyed. -Mnjor j.
W. Powell, i'll North American Re-
view.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
CHANGE AMONG THE QUAKERs.

That the Quakers have departed from
the ways OF their ancestors, both in
methods of worship and manner of ap-
parel, is plain to all who have observed
the course of the sect in this part of the
country, where SO many of them reside.
The simple but distinctive garb is now
seldom seen, and is worn only by the
elderly members Of the denomination;
in the churches many modern innOva-
tions are found, none being more no.
ticeable, perhaps, than the singing of
gospel hymns,n where once dead
silence reigned until the Esprit moved"
some good brother or sister to talk.
Among the younger generation worldly
fashions in dress and speech prevail, and
in certain other particulars it is not easy
to distinguish them from the worlds
people. Commonly this change is
attributed to the influence of modern
progress, which is supposed to move
more rapidly in the breezy, bustling
West than in the conservative East.
1t is the impression among many that
primitive Quakers' flourish much as of
old in their early stronghold in and
about Philadelphia. That this is not
the case is shown by the fact that the
proceedings of a congregation styling
themselves primitive" or orthodox"
Quakers, are sufficiently novel to call
for description in d recent Philadelphia
paper. The congregation was very
small; it worshiped in silence, the men
and women sitting apart, and the men
wearing their hats during service. The
silence finally ended with a general
handshaking, and the faithful followers
pof William Penn dispersed. Could this
distinguished Friend" come back to
the city which he founded, he would dis
no greater change than in his own
peculiar religious sect.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

ing natures and make haste to wed.
No exception is made in favor of
the man who VIII die without some I'M
to love. Commonly this man is re-
strained with difficulty from throwing
himself into the grave of the departed
and being buried with her. Having
rescued him, his friends should look for
his speedy search for another matri-
monial partner as one of the inevitables.
The Spencer man was doubtless one of
those so happy with his first" that
out of regard for her he got a successor at
the earliest moment. However, his dis
regard of popular opinion and the rules
of society justified a rebuke. Citizens,
permanent and temporary, of the
Hoosier State, may get divorced and
each marry another the next hour
without shocking society, but in the
matter of reflects re-marrying, the law
is laid down. If they do it in haste they
will be burned in effigy. The Spencer
episode has settled it beyond dispute
that the H0Osiers have a nice sense OF
propriety and of the respect owing them
by widowers.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

series, opium, atropie and aconite-are
made by different species. IN whatever
part of the plant these are stored, they
are elaborated in the leaf by its active
p%rotoplasm, to which is attributed the
formation Of the infinite series of plant
products. Such are the chemical
processes in the active green leaves.
Their periodic work is done; the plant
metabolism ceases; their fortune is made
and they pass not into a green old age,
but use the remnant of their spent ener-
gies in adjoining themselves in all the
colors known to nature, unless cut off
by heat or frost.
On their downward road of senile de-
cay and chemical decadence they become
simpler in their structure. The proto-
plas1n is dead; the c~hlorophyn is gone;
the last chemical struggles evolve no
useful products-only a smirch OF color
that man on his canvas can but feebly
initiate, and having no use except the
use that lies in beauty. They fall as a
leaf, the fine laboratory of each cell
whose products two centuries of Darn
stadt Mercks can only collect, but never
initiates destroyed and only the form
remains-'form touched with resplen-
dent color, as though nature wouldg go out
in fierce funereal fame" The internal
chemical and physical forces domi-
mated by vitality have given way; the
external forces, wind and wet, and the
destroying microbes of putrefaction, do
their work on the beautiful forms, and
the result is a little ammonia, carbonic
acid and water mixed with ashes. But
from these simple products the organic
world has power to renew itself, and so
the eternal panorama of the year goes
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
Big Pumpkins.

fuliducipuIh inquirer.
Many remarkable instances of natures
eccentric work, in addition to those noted
in the Inquirer a few days ago, lave been
brought to light by that publication. The
biggest pumpkin of them all weighs LA
pounds, and was raised by John NJ. Stern.
east of Elizabethtown, who also found on
the same vine three others that weigh
ninety-eight, n~inety-six and sixty pounds.
respectively. A 140-pounder is owned by
Reuben KurtZ, of Lincoln. its girth being
eighty-fVe inches. The largest cabbage
head thus far reported weighs fifteen
pounds. with a girth of fifty inches, and
is owned by Mrs. Rudolph Hartman. of
Mount Joy. Amos Musselman. of Penn
township, has one that weighs nine pounds.
A mammoth onion that weighs two and
one-half pounds is owned by Mrs. Elizabeth
Heibeck. Last week two quarts of rasp-
berries were picked at Bainbridge, by Mrs.
i. Yerkes. from stalks growing in her yard.
These same stalks yielded prolifically last
summer.
A remarkable instance of vegetable re-
juvenation is an apple tree in Dunmore
township that is 127 years old, n Off
which :his fall has been picked seven
bushels of fine apples. 1t stands on the
Beaver property, and under its limbs DIR.
John r. Beaver. of the University of Penn
~sylvania, played when q boy.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
THE LoATHsoME CONTEMPORARY.

Not the least felicitous among the
many neat touches in 1.-THE Longworth
Mystery'-thatdeftly woven and absorb
ing newspaper man published in the
October Century-is the narrator's occa-
sional reference to the ~'loathsome con-
temporary Although he has never. as
thus classified, obtrusively m~aterialized
TO claim and harvest the abundant hon.
ors that are due him, and has never ag-
gressively thrust himself into compli-
mentary press notices or the catalogued
marshaling of noted journalists, the
ioathsome contemporary is a factor in
The newspaper world too powerful to be
permitted to shamble along lonesomely
forever in the background of the un-
recognized. To his universally a world
wide guild of compeers must attest. OF
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
BREAKFAST-TABLE CHAT.

OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES has refused
to write a poem for a prominent magazine.
He said that he felt that it was time for
him to stop.
ROBERT BROWNING writes from Asolo
last week that he is in excellent health
and spirits. The Ms. of his new volume of
some thirty poems, long and short, has all
been revised and copied.
CARDINAL GIBBONS not only favors capt.
tai punishment, but thinks there is entirely
too much leniency in the treatment of MUIR
derers, altogether too much delay between
the sentence and it's execution.
AT the new Vienna Chess Club the FAM
GUS champion, Prof. Englisch. lately played
no less than thirty games of chess stimuli
~taneously. These were played against the
most experienced members of the club, and
were all won within five hours.
IT is said that the entire estate of Allen
Thordike Rice, who was accounted a mill
i~onaire. will not foot up more than $4,000.
The late s. l.. NJ. Barlow. Of New York.
who was reputed to be very wealthy, has
left nothing but the reputation'o having
had a fortune.
ARCHDUKE JOHN SALVADOR. of Austria.
has expressed a desire to resign all his titles
and appointments and lead the life of a
private citizen. He has been offered the
captaincy of an English merchantmen. 1t
Is thought unlikely that the Emperor will
give his consent to the change.
Mrs. Rose VERTNER JEFFREY, the
charming Kentucky poetess, is one of the
| Notwithstanding women of the famous blue
| grass region. Her home is at Lexington,
the garden spot of the State. Poetry has
been for her The elegant amusement of her
leisure hOurs-the few hours which the
| cares of a large family and the duties of So
| ciety allow her to devote to literary pur-
suits.
THE wife of the late S. s. Cox was his
| inseperable companion. She shared all his
| plans, and made his life her own. Mr.. and
Mrs. Cox were not only a devoted couple,
| hit she was like a partner to him in his
| business, sharing his confidence in every.
| thing. Mr.. Cox has left the Ms. of an
| unfinished book which be intended 10 be
| his life work. He wrote the most of it al
his desk in Congress, where the scene il
laid.
ANY man who can bestow upon his
daughter on the morning of her wedding
day a gift of 81. 900. 600. must be pretty well
of in this worlds goods. Such q man may
be seen almost any day coming out of No
% Broadway. 1t is John ID. Rockefeller
president of the Standard Oil Company,
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
IMPORTANT TO INDIANA WTD0wERs.

Hanging a man in effigy is a proceed
ing resorted to by certain classes of peo-
pie who find that ordinary language,
with all the embellishments their wits
car supply, fails to express the depth of
their contempt and loathing for the per-
son whose image is derisively hung to the
breeze. They believe that a far deeper
scorn is indicated by the dangling of a
scarecrow, representing the object of
their hatred, than any words of con-
tumely could convey. In earlier days,
outraged public sentiment led to the
execution Of the man himself, instead of a
stuffed suit of clothes, and even now, in
remote frontier districts, such primitive
methods of expressing displeasure are
occasionally INDUCED in, but in more
civilized regions the effigy hanging is
considered sufficient, and is resorted to
only in extreme cases. In some Sec
tons of the country citizens employ this
means of expressing their dislike to the
d~espicable political candidates of the OPP
posing party. In the South, Atlanta, for
instance, a postmaster who ventures to
make q negro one of his clerks is con-
sidered to have violated the laws of the
Democracy to a degree that calls for
this form of rebuke. 1t is in Indiana
only that questions of sentiment
govern such affairs. I%ndianians are
not commonly regarded as stick
lers for the conventionalities, but
have somehow gained the reputation
of being a trife neglected. of strict
points of etiquette. That this reputation
is unjustly borne is indicated by the
hanging in efigy Of the citizen of Spencer
who had ventured to take unto himself
a new wife two weeks after the demise
of a former spouse. Now, whatever a
carping outside world may say, the rule
of Indiana society is firm on at least one
social law, and this is the question of a
widower's term of probation. Expert
ence and observation have taught that
the average man, when bereaved of his
wife, spends a few weeks in deep woe,
during which time he is careless of his
personal appearance and goes about
with n stabbly beard, urblacked boots,
and a generally disheveled .look. He
gradually energies from this stage of
grief, and, as village social phi
losophers say, ''begins to take
notice." He spruces up, gets
a new and very deep Grape
band for his hat, and looks about for
sympathy. He usually finds it without
I. n trouble, and, by the end of a year,
it has become so necessary to his peace
that he marries the woman who can adj
minister the largest doses. This he
does with the entire approval of the
community, which feels that he has
paid proper respect to it. But this gen
eralization is all from the average man.
No account is taken in it of those who
show no disposition TO remarry, soon or
late, and mono of those ardent souls
who disregard the rules of society and
follow the dictates of their own yearn-
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
AUTUMNAL TINTS.

The season which has just closed with
such a brilliant Indian summer has
been specially adapted to the production
of autumnal colors. The most brilliant
hues appear after a wet summer, fol-
lowed by a cool autumn without early
frost. Cool weather preserves the purity
of the colors and insures the persistence
of the foliage. All the favorable circum-
stances for pure and brilliant autumnal
tints seem TO have been realized this
season. Not oftener than once or twice
in a decade do both heat and frost keep
away SO as to permit the leaves to pass
through all the ~gradations of color pos
sible to them when fully ripened and
naturally separated from the tree.
The tints of American woods far sur
pass those of Europe. This is not
due to climatic differences, but rather
to the far greater number of species in
the American forest. Europe was thor
oughly swept of its trees and large
mammals during the glacial age.
They were crushed out between the
northern ice masses and the southern
mountains. In America the plants and
animals were driven south into the gulf
region, and returned again at the close
of the ice age. Of tree species there are
over six hundred kinds listed by the
census report for the United States
~alone-three times the number existing
in Central Europe. This list includes
all that grow with a single woody stem,
regardless of size, this being the tech
meal characteristic of a tree. When to
these are added the several hundred
bushes, shrubs, and vines, that have a
marked autumnal color in our country,
the material at natures hand surpasses
that of any other region in the world.
1t is often supposed that frost is the
great Inner of the autumn. Such is
not the case. Leaves ripen and change
their tints just as do fruits. Frost de-
stroys the leaves before they are ripe,
sunny weather develop the autumn
tints. In the height of their beauty,
heat will destroy the graduation of colors
as certainly rs frost. Frost browns, and
crisps, and sears the foliage; heat fades
them away into lighter, or more negative
shades. 1t is cool weather. prolonged
into October, that ripens the leaves, al
lowing time for all those occult chemical
changes which show themselves
to the eye as %gradations in color.
The leaf does not usually pass
~serenely through all its senile changes,
but is oftener cut down in its active
stage, while the greatest chemical
changes are taking place in it.
Physiologically the leaf is the lung
| and stomach of the plant, absorbing
| carbon and exhaling oxygen and water.
1t also Celebrates nutritive material
an infinity of germs, starches and sugars,
| resins and alkaloids, for the necessities
of plant nutrition.
A thousand articles of commerce
spices, gums and perfumes; stimulating
alkaloids, like those of tea, coffee and
| coca; poisonous mes like the narcotic
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

James Lukens, an old colored man of Nor
ristown, was taking q walk through the
woods near that town about a week ago
when his dog. a large brindle cur, pounced
upon an enormous hawk in the bushes feast
ing upon a wild pigeon. The dog seized the
hawk by the right wing in his teeth. and
broke i. Instantly the hawk showed fight.
1t bit the dog about the eyes and nose.
scratched him severely all over the body.
and finally drove him off wbimpering with
his tail between his legs. Lukens took a
club and killed the hawk. The bird meas
ured seven feet from tip 10 tip of its wings.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

account of the pumice-stone and mud eruptions
from Vesuvius in 40 A. d.. which sealed up Pom
peii and his house for about 1900 years. Well,
when General Proctor saw these specimens,
which had been sawed, hut not polished, he ac-
knowledged that the anclents knew how TO saw
marble as well as the moderns. but he had not
believed 1t up to that time. By the way. General
Proctor pointed out the fact that Mr.. Priscus was
an economical old gentleman. for, instead of
buying marble sawed on both sides. he bou ght
outside slabs. which. of course, cost less, and at
the same time the rough unsawn side would set
PETER Ia the mortar when placed upright on the
wall You may ask me how did they know Il
was n. Popidius Priscuss housed Just because
MS name was engraved in the Oscar 1.-THE old lam
guage of PompeiD and three times on bronze
seals. More than 500 house-owners are known
in POmpeli BY that same token.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

To the Editor OF the indianapolis Journal:
Please give the names of the persons CON-
posing the Indiana School Book Company.
w. G. n.
Josephus Collett, Terre Haute; William
Heilman. d. j. Mackey. E. p. Huston,
Evansville; William Fleming. R. C. Bell,
Fort Way4e; James Murdoch. Michigan
City; Edward s. Hawkins. Indianapolis.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
why Mrs. Potter Went on the stage.

Pans Interview.
went on the stage simply because the
profession held ont 10 me promise OF being
inement to which / had been accustomed
when | was a child In my rich home down
in the South. My husband was not a rich
man, though belonging TO q rich family,
and a time came when / had the option be-
tween sinking down into nothing or going
on the stage. | dare say hat my strong
passion for the trials and the trinmphs OF
the profession had much to do with my de-
cision also.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

MISS GwENDoLINE CALDWELL. who is
about to marry the impecunious Prince
Murat. recently wrote to a Louisville friend
that You may be sure that l always intend
to be my own financier. 1 am willing to
allow any husband may have a sufficient
income to enable him to dress well and pay
his club dues. but he will neveg have the
management of a cent of my y~fincipaL."
This indicates the possession, by Miss Cald-
well. Of a very manly spirit. but it is a
spirit that is likely to cause future matri-
monial difficulties. What Prince. with a
proper sense of his own dignity, will con-
sent to such a beggarly allowance of pin
money! She doesn't ever allow for his
laundry bills, though perhaps all this ex-
pense will be included in the family
wash"
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

If the F. +. v. mammas are as anxious as
they pretend to exchange their black man,
mics for white n~urse-girls for their chill
dren they can probably arrange the mat
ter without difficulty by corresponding
with the employers of the latter in the
North. Judging from feminine converse
ton on the s~ervant-girl question up this
away" the white servant is not as white
as she is painted by the Southerners. to
whom distance lends enchantment.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

A GOOD many people have been puz-
zled to define the exact difference between
those celebrated methods of healing" the
"mind-cure," and "faith-cure," even met
Apply s~icians" and ''~faith-doctors." throw
ing but dim light on the matter. 1t has re-
manned for Charles Dudley Warner to point
out the variance in a way at once concise
and satisfactory. He puts it. in substance.
thus in the current number of Harper's
Magazine: ITO profit by the mind cure in
wolves no faith; to be cured by faith you
need no mind
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

Coz, HENRY w. GRADY assisted in the
ceremonies of a double wedding, which
took place in the presence of sixty thousand
people, at the Georgia State fair, last week.
Colonel Grady's part was to kiss the brides,
an act which he is said to have performed
with great grace and gallantry. No wonder
the young and impulsive editor grows elo-
quent at times over the attractions of the
new SOuth.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

The greet American people will aever 60
to war to prevent the determination of the
seals. just about this time of year the
average citizen begins to feel that it would
have been an unalloyed blessing IL all the
seals had been exterminated q thousand
years before sacques were invented.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27

THE individual who wishes to engage
publicly in the act of maintaining a great
moral principle, finds opportunity by re-
fusing to pay his fare in q bob-tail car un-
indicator of Right he is not appreciated
by his fellow-passengera in the way he
would prefer; they Will grin derisively. 1t
IS difficult to pose successfully as a moral
hero and an advocate of personal and pub
lie right, all for 8 cents.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1889-10-27
Marrying Into a Good Family.

Mr.. Huntington is to be congratulated
upon the fact that Prince Hatzfeldt. his
prospective ~son-in-law, has a brother who
earns his own living like n man and asks no
favors of anybody. The brother is a bar
keeper at Hamilton, q.