davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

We have seen that competition car ries along with it the concentration of capital. Since the widening of the scale of production is connected with economy in labor, q capitalist investing @2,OOO in raw material will be able to undersell d rival who has only Sl ,000 to invest in the same material The nat url upshot of this is that the smaller capital is swallowed up by the larger, and that small capitalists will join to form "comblnes,' partnerships, syndicates, corporations and trusts. These institu- tious-the natural offspring of competi- tive pTOduCtiOn-Will continue the war among themselves, whereup0n, as in the case of individual enterprise, the more powerful firm will grow fatter at tue expense of the smaller, or, to use a commercial phrase, will buy them out. This rapidly growing sociaIization of industry, the narrowing of the field of individual enterprise, the consolidation Of capital, the multiplication of trusts, etc, IS to the socialist the forerunner of an aI-embraclng system under which all the resources of production and dis rlbutlOn will be the property of the en- tlre, organized nation as one grand cor poration, with each citizen in the double character of shareholder and worker, unrestrainedly enjoying the full result of his cXeruOn according to his individual taste and desire.
 Under such all order of things the survival of the naturally unfit, which is the feature of competitive society, would be impossible. With opportuni- ties not only open but insured to all, with no power to take them away, a hlocllhead will not find his way to the chair of political economy; neither will natural genius wither away in the dun gevn of the modern factory, as is 50 fre- quently the case under the present struggle between man and man.
 Competition has served its term. It's time is up. The S0ciaIiStic nature of modern production cannot much longer endure the iRdiridHui control of those who do not produce Nature cannot continue to be the monopoly of few men, and the means of applying human energy to nature-Capital, which is the result of human energy-will not re- main the property of those who have spent no productive energy.
 THE END.
 ERRATA.-Ou the fifteenth line from the bot tom of the last column of the second page of last weeks issue, read successful! pursuers of happineSs'; and on the furty-siXth line from the bottom of the second column of fourth page in same issue, read: "COmpetitiOu between e4. ployer and cmpuyer'
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

they gave,a calisthenic exhibition in the gymnasium; they furnished evidence that they knew how to demean them selves at public feast, and when the diplomas were presented to the mem bers of the graduating class there was pride in the face of every graduate, This institution at Carlisle for Indian children, which was established ten years ago, has shown how far the savage breast may be soothcd through the pro- cess of cducation.'
 Well, the same process in the i'm proyemcnt of Manchcstorian say- age will soon bo observable under the influence of Socialist civilization. There's humanity in it, Dana.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
SOCIAL REMEDIES AND SO-
 ClAllSM.
BY A. CAHAN.
(Concllded from last Week.)

NN"HNt"l'Ct / ""t tt'of feth')
 With this double burden to weigh it down, wages follows every decline in it's sole support-the cost of the work ingmans living. By establishing hospi- tals, for example, doctors bills are ex- cluded from the workmen's expenses. Such is the inevitable etfert of every or ganized charity. This, in the majority of cases, is the reason why our capital ists are so charitable.
 The tendency of capital to reduce the cost of the workingmen's living becomes still clearer when the properties of la Dor in its capacity as a commodity are inquired into. As a commodity, of which the worker is the seller and his employer the purchaser, its value is to be determined by the same measure which is applied to all other commodi- ties. Leaving the effect of supply and demand out of view, or rather suppos- ing two commodities. 4 and E, under a state of affairs where these two artifi- cial factors are equal and counterbal- ance each other, the only and natural
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

offers, and keep them selves posted on the progress of the movement by reading the socialist publications as they appear.
 Then We shall not have q class of workmrn afflicted with the blues between elections and clasa-suicjdal mania Ommitrstcl by voting elem ocrat' or "rcpubIicuu') on election lnN.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
WHAT OTHERS SAY.

Burkc's saying, Reform delayed is revolution begun, applies with especial force to that phase of the labor problem presented ln the en- forced idlencss of the thousands who walk the streets of New York and Brooklyn seeking work. k.-San -uar- r0x Free Press.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
JUNE 1, l0o9.
UNREASONABLE OlSCOUR-
 AGEMENT.


 Outside the ranks of the Soclal- ists there arc many who have been in what has been designated the wabor movement but who have withdrawn themselves for various reasons. Some, for fear of losing their BituAtlonB-a practJcabIo req son, by the way-somc because of the traitorous conduct of "lcadcrs who, after q season of patriotic and apparently sincere advocacy Of alI sorts of "rights' for the laborer, ended by selling themselves to the "democratc" or the republican party; others have been members of the Knights of Labor and placed all their hopes upon the efficacy of this organization; while still others, hay ing placed q strong faith in the trade unlous, found that also they have not succeeded in making 8 general improvement in the condJ- tion of the workers.
 Now, all these discouraged would be reformers have simply misplaced their confidence, and have suffered the disappointment in due course. They have not hit upon the right method of action, and they have promised themselves too much.
 And here the Socialist doctrine and procedure comes in as an en- couragement and reinforcement; just as, when an army is djscour- aged and domoraized, the appear ance of the flag at the head of rein forcing troops glvcs new courage and hope. Easing their calculations upon facts and their actions upon experience, the Social ist Party have learned to contine their hopes to reason, and consequently, while others who dreamed of Utopias and listened to the promises of senti- mentalists are dejected and diSCour- aged, the Socialists are more ready for action than ever, and have proved their sincerity and indc- structibllity by their continued agi- tation the world over. No matter whether, as in Germany, they were subject to persecution, fine and im- prisonment, or whether, as in the United States, they have been mis- represented and ostraCized here and there, the Socialists have at least succeeded in obtaining hearing in many councils, and they have the satisfaction of knowing that society is adopting socialist measures, one after another, continually.
 If those discouraged ones should read the socialist publications, they wovld find that there Is no reason able ground for their discourage ment. On the contrary, there is every reason for hope and a lively engagement in the political activity of the Socialist Party.
 A vote cast for Socialist candi dates will cover a multitude of pas mistakes. If the working peopl, cannot find courage enough to ac lively engage in the propagandistiC work of the Socialists, they can a least redeem themselves by votln! the Socialist ticket whenever an op
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
STATE ORGANIZATION.

, A l. ORGANlZA ION,
 To practically carry oo a political propaganda a series of State org>ni- cations will be most helpful There arc small Sections in every State where the Party has 6 foothoId, who cannot do much work in the ordinary mode of agitation by mass- meetings, unless they have the as- sistance of tho stronger Sections Yet 1t is possible that in these small towns, where the Party has but few active members, it might get many voters if they were ac- quaintcd with the ideas put forth by the Socialist Party.
 Systematic advertisement and dis tr.bution of the pamphlets recom- mcnded by the National Executive Committee, and occasional public meetings supported by the con- binc1 Sections of each State, would have a notable effect, especially if it were followed up during election campaigns by spreading such argu- mentatiye leaflets as the special is- sues might require, and the distribu- tion of the Socialist tickets wherever the new voting system has not been introduced.
 It is not absolutely necessary to hold a convention in order to form a State organization. Each Section could have it's State corresponding committee, who could furnish the State Central Committee with the information required from time to time. The election of a State Gen. tral Committee could be left to any one Section, or the Sections in any one city or town, just as the election of the National Executive Commit tee is contided to the Sections of New York city. The election can be had by State vote, just as the general votes are carried on, by pub. fishing the propositions in the party 1 journals, thus making them the official journals for each State or 1 ganization.
 Our comrades can easily conceive that such a plan, systematically car ried out, would greatly multiply the interest taken in Party principles, l for acti}iiy means life.
 Here is special work proposed which only needs the initiative of q ] good Section in each State; letter to each Section secretary or organ izer in the State, and ample time allowed for authorized response, and then these propositions submitted to general vote;
 What Section in the State shall elect the State Central Committee: Shall the State organization be formed by convention or by communication
 Shall the State Central Committee draw up plan of organize loT and sub init 1t to the Sections of the State
 Shall per capita assessment be levied?
 Until the National Party has formulated a uniform plan of or ganization such action on the part of the Sections in each State would seem to be the right step.
 Meanwhile, perhaps a national congress may be called, which can quickly arrange a plan while the delegates of different States are as- Sembled. Until then every State in the Union where Socialist Sections exist should at least form the nu- cleus of State organization.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
NOTES.

During the summer how would it be for Sections to arrange organ izlng and agitating excursions to the towns in their vicinity?
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
MODERN INVESTMENTS.

Rich men now invest in offices as they do in horses or yachts, and miIionalres are elected because they are millionaires, who are 80 destitute of ability or merit that they would never be suggested except for their wealth. The worst feature of the case Ia that these abuses are not con- demned by the press generally, because the press itself is afflicted with the craze for wealth. The con- ception of the editor as a public teacher, which Horace Greedy preached and exemplitied, has yielded to the idea that 8 man may run a newspaper just as he would cotton mill, simply to make the largest possible dividends and with no sense of duty towards the public. Worst of all, editors are becoming the most pertinacious of office seekers, and many of the most prom incnt newspapers in the land are now muzzled through the appoint ment of their editors-N. y, Post
 THE STRIKE OF THE GERMAN MINERS.
 The strike that is raging in Vest phalia among the miners IS un- doubtedly the largest that has ever taken place, Many lives have been lost and the soldiery seem to have no scruple about firing upon the people. The conduct of the officials has been brutal in the extreme, and they undoubtedly are receiving their orders from the Emperor. This tyrant intends yls- iting us in the summer. We hope that he will get the greeting he de- serves, and that English working men will express their indignation at his conduct by appropriate hisses and groans, Forty years ago General Haynau, blackguard of the same kidney as the Emperor, was hustled and nearly chucked into a vat by Barclay and Perkins draymen. There are vats and draymen in Lon don idle. The strike has already had the effect of shortening the sup ply of coal, and contracts have been made with the English and Belgium mine owners to temporarily over come the difficulty, and the masters thus hope to defeat the men by foreign labor. This shows the ne cessity of international action. There is probably no trade where an inter- national combination would be so easily effected as by the miners. They in every country have the ad- vantage of being located in particu- lar districts where they can meet and make an effective organization. --L0HdoH Justice.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

It is more profitable to spend time and money in spreading Socialist literature than to hire halls and ar
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

Bismarck'a piece of "statesman- ship" in pressing hjspct bill through the German Parliament providing for aged laborers, has caused much amusement among German Social I8ts. The step-paternaI 'proyision" amounts to considerably less than two dollars per week after dt1y years of toil' And this is what the great statesman hoped to stem the tide of German Social Democracy with It's enough to ruin the old ChanceI- lor's reputation.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

That Christian gentleman and succulent writer and editor, CoIonc Shepard, of the New York .NoH o~( Express, las been advising his core Ijgionjsts to boycott Sunday news papers and those who advertise in them. Now let the wicked Colonel Fellows haul the good Colonel Shep- ard into court on d charge of con- snlracY.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

Yes, political action is good and necessary. But personal effort among acquaintances and friends helps to swell the ranks wonder fully. Let every Socialist pick out from his list of acquaintances the most intelligent and healthy citizen, man or woman, and teach carefully, and by welI-considered means, the principles of socialism. The less people have to attach themselves to the present system the better, of course. But honesty and intclli- gencc are good qualities for prospec- tive converts.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

Perhaps the Manchesterian editor of the New York SuH may learn a lesson from his own editorial col umns in relation to the effect of en- ylronment upon intelligent human beings. He seems to grow quite enthusiastic over the results of the training of the children of aborigines in a recent issue of his lumuary, in which he says:
 "The transformation in human nature that may be brought about through ed uCation was shown by the despatch in yesterdays Sun about the celebration at the school for Indian boys and girls, in Carlisle, Pa. Many of the six hun dred young Indians in this institution were brought from the wild trihts in which they were born, and yet in few years they have been trained in such a way as to draw out traits and powers of which they did not seem to be origin. ally possessed. They are taught not only the ordinary branches of knowl- ,dge, in learning which they show rare intelligence and aptness, but they njoy the advantages of the industrial branch of the institution, in which they learn to work as carpenters, blacksmiths, shoemakers. printers, and other trades. At the anniversary just held by the school they showed the results of their literary and industrial training: they de- hvered essays and oratiouS; they were seen working at their trades; they made practical display of their musical skill:
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01
range public meetings for itinerant

range public meetings for itinersnt lecturers.
 Let every Section in the country who have among their membership a few earnest workers gee to it that Sections are organized in neighbor- ing towns
 Another ray of light from the ta-t-th.s time it is TLe Dalrn- falls athwart our exchange table. Tlc b4~0 is the organ of the society of Christian Socialists, an organiza- ton recently formed in Boston. Boston again : Surely the old "Cralle" is rocking.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

The New York U'mld has poor luck with it's mayors. Hewitt went back on 1t, and Grant does not seem to be much to he proud of. But then, unlike Alex ander, they do not conquer the H'orH, -BoStOH HeruId.
 The politicians referred to no doubt used the UrW to do their dirty work, but that IS no reason why they should fraternize with it after the work was done. Scayen- gers with their working clothes on are not pleasant company even for "democratic' politicians. And if Alexander could have conquered the world as easily as New York poHti- clans can conquer the U0r'a when- ever they want its "services,' he would not have needed an army; bood.e would have been sufficient.
Workmen's advocate., 1889-06-01

ERRATA.-Ou the fifteenth line from the bot tom of the last column of the second page of last weeks issue, read: Successful pursuers of happiness'; and on the furty-stXth line from the bottom of the second column of fourth page in same issue, read: 'competiti0n between eW- ployer and cmpiuyer'
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-12-22

Charleston, s. c., is at length to 60
into the ship building industry. A COM
pany has been Incorporated Tor business
and the money is raised. Small coast
wise vessels will be first built; then, If
the enterprise is successful, larger ones.
It is to be hoped the new industry will
be entirely successful, as it will give em-
ployment to number more people in this
crowded world. In our generation the
benefactor Of the race is he who gives 1t y
new industry. At Charleston the south.
ern live oak and pine, the cheapest and
best materials for shipbuilding In the
Union, can be manufactured into the
woodwork of vessels almost on their na-
tive ground. Ships ought to be built
more cheaply at Charleston than they
are farther north. Labor in the south 10
much cheaper.
1t turns out that smokeless powder TO-,
after all, an American invention, the dis
covery of Capt. Ledyard Ellsworth, of
Hartford, Conn. It is further said that
the German government is going to pay
him half a million cash for the use of his
formula, and $4,000 year for ninety
nine years.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-12-22
It Passed the Senate.
lhe Resolution Donating Fixtures,
etc. to the new States.
trouble is Anticipated at Oklahoma
City.
MIS-. Taylor of Oregon, Shoots Mar
ion H. Martin.
The Senate,

WASHINGTON, Dec. 21.-[special. lin
the senate the house joint resolution. do
mating the fixtures, furniture, etc., here
tofore belonging to territorial govern
Iments, to the states of Montana and
washington was presented and passed.
A bill was introduced by Hoar to es-
tablish uniform system Of bankruptcy
throughout the United States.
Plumb offered resolution which was
agreed to, calling on the secretary of the
interior for statement of the cause for
withholding patents of the lands within
the limits of the Union Pacific land gran,
free from all claims and not reserved al
the date Of the definite location of the
road.
The senate bill amending the census
act and making the maximum pay of the
supervisors $1,000 instead of $500 was
taken up and letter from Superintend-
ent Porter was read, showing the made
quacy of the compensation now pro
vided. ingalls, criticizes the delay il
getting out the census of 1880 and its in
acuracies.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-12-22

hind by the great pressure from the spring If
one lays his right hand fiat, with fingers spread
as wide apart as possible, on large book or table
and will imagine the hollow Of his palm where
the back of his hand is he will have about the pro-
portions of the pool, Its outlets, represented by
the thumb and fingers and the hight above the
Missouris current; the outlet Represented by the
the thumb flows out and down the bank In an up
stream direction to meet the descending current
of the river, and the others in about the proper
tion of distance apart and direction represented
by the dtstended fingers as above described.
There a few clamps Of wild rose bushes be-
tween the streams flowing out to the river, but
water covers most Of the space on the shelving
rock and round pebbles for frontage of over 400
feet The wallis of the spring look as straight and
even. SO far as to be seen, as though they had
long distance below the dark water of the spring
can be traced as separate current from the
greenish waters Of the river which have come
from above, Just as the waters of the Ottawa are
distinct from those of the st. Lawrence and here
in the Missouri, 1t requires fall to mix them as
the Lachine Rapid blends those of the Ottawa and
st. Lawrence,
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-12-22
They Threaten to Lynch.

OKLAHOMA CITY, Dee. 21.-[Special.] l.
The cause of the apprehended riot which
was feared last night was renewed by
trouble between the Seminole and Kicka-
poo factions, the latter indulging in
threats to lynch the Seminoles and burn
the building occupied by the Gazette,
organ of the Seminole party. The mayor
belongs to the Kickapoo faction and the
Seminole's majority in the council will
not let him appoint policemen. The
Seminoles want an election to fill the two
vacancies in the council. The Kickapoos
oppose the election because of the in
crease in the Seminole's majority. United
States Marshal Walker apprehends
trouble
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-12-22

America can have at least one feature
for her Worlds fair that none of the
nations hitherto have obtained. It has
been proposed that. from the rich field
Of ruins that lie scattered from the At
lantic to the Pacific and from Lake Su-
perior to Central America, we recon-
struct prehistoric America.
The hillocks Of the mound builders in
the central part Of the country, the hab-
itations Of the cliff dwellers in Arizona
and New Mexico, and the gigantic and
splendid temples that lie beneath the
fallen trunks of great trees which have
grown over their remains in Yucatan
and Central America-al these con-
stitute relics so remarkable that they
would fix the attention Of the world.
An inventor presents what he thinks is
an original design for an attraction in
'92 1t is huge tower, 1900 feet high,
broad at the base, built Of solid mason
ry, tapering to the top, with walks and
drives winding around the outside in q
spiral, up the whole height. But il this
inventor will take the trouble to exam
inc photographs in the Smithsonian in
stitution, he will find that the great un-
known peoples of America constructed
just such towers ages and ages ago,
though they were not 1000 feet high.
A melancholy, profound fascination
attaches to the whole subject. A recon-
struction Of the temples and dwellings
of that gray old time would arouse scien-
tifc interest everywhere, and stimulate
efforts towards the unraveling Of the
mysterious secret of these vanished
races. For unraveled this secret will be-
Here is at least one of the unique feat
ures for which we have been signing for
our exposition. The work will be one
of difficulty and expense, and will take
time. But the United States govern
ment has the money and the persons
who can do the work. 1t should be a
government work.
The ruins show that there must have
been at least three different races
among our prehistoric peoples, each
with civilization of its own,
with two of them certainly far ad-
vanced. Problems of engineering were
compassed in Yucatan and New Mexico
That would be no mean achievement in
our generation.