davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1889-03-09

Second floor, second gallery.
Time to think of Floor
Linens. Look around. If you
don't know what they should
be, take plenty of time. Ask
questions, compare. If you
are Linen-wise, the looking
and comparing won't take
long. No doubt about where
you'll bring up at last.
New patterns, gray and
white, 54 to $50 inches, 4oc to
$I.75.
Red cross-bar, So to 1z6
inches, ST. to $2.25.
The seasons novelty is
Turkey-red and brown, in neat
figures, absolutely fast colors,
SO and 10 inches, $I.1o and
S2.5o.
Roomsy measured and esti-
mates made-free in town, car
fares out.
Near women's Waiting Room.
Three smooth, strong, hard
wood rods, say six feet long.
knobbed at each end and stood
up tripod shape, like muskets
stacked. Hooks, shelf and
chain attachments. You can
hang things on and in and
around it till you're lost in
wonder. For the hall, for the
bedroom (beats a dozen chair
backs), for the sewing-room,
for the parlor-tireless arms to
hold, hold, hold. Neat, snug,
handsome. AT $2.25 they
slipped out right merrily. NE
take 1900 an a 6unth and make
the Prize 81. so.
Basement, north of centre.
Photograph Albums at half
the first cost, $I.5o to S..
Leather bindings-calf, mo-
rocco, and fancy styles. A lot
went out in one day a week
ago. Manufacturers samples.
Northwest Of centre.
About once a year we are
likely to get hold of such a lot
of Fans. More than a thous-
and Samples picked by the
Paris and Vienna makers to
sell their stocks by. Be sure
they did not choose the worst.
We hand them along to you
at a fraction of the regular
retail cost.
Paper Fans, 15c to soc
Satin Fans, SOC to 81
Gauze Fans, 81 to $3.50
Painted and plain bone sticks
and olive wood sticks. A very
few sorts two alike; mostly
one of kind. First choice IS
worth being quick for.
Northwest Of centre.
VIII you wait for Furniture
Slip Covers till the Spring
rush starts3 Stuffs and work
men are ready.
% styles G6-inch Linen
- styles Dimities, IS to 45c
New French Cretonnes, single and
Second floor, north of Transept Four ele-
Yators.
A counter for Writing Paper
by the pound.
ZOO pounds at Sc, various tints.
30oe pounds "all rag commercial,
Foreign Correspondence, packet size,
"all linen" 20c pound, sOc. a ream
"a pounds).
OF course such prices make a
buzzing about town.
Juniper street side.
We've skilled lens grinders
in the building, and can put
you in the way of having your
eyes properly cared for.
Spectacles 81 to $I2.
Junipcv street side.
Jona WANAMAKEi,
Evening journal., 1889-03-09

DIR WANAMAKEl,
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27

and just so with Tobacco, you
cannot expect to get a good quail
ity OF Tobacco from imperfect
seed. Therefore always select the
best you have, and if you have
not that which you can depend
on, get it elsewhere, and from
some one whom you know has it
pure and of best quality.
We give Mr.. C. NJ. Birds circu-
lar below. Respectfully,
CARR L DICKINsoNs,
Commission Merchants for the
sale of Fancy Bright Tobacco
and Kentucky Burley, Rich
mond, Va.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27
MIR. BIRDS CIRCULAR.

MIR. BIRDS CIRCULAR.
| always clear my land the fall
or winter preceding cultivation,
Of every particle of timber, large
and small, and free the soil from
all roots. When sufficiently dry
all is burned with the leaves and
the ashes raked uniformly over
the whole. Then plough closely
with a short steel bull tongue or
shovel, no deeper than the vege-
table mould, and follow with q
harrow until the soil is Ikea gar
den spot. Inow (peculiar to my
self check off my rows three (3R)
and one-halffeet apart by plough
ing deeper than usual and drop
my compost or chemicalfcrtilizer
two (2) feet apart and make the
hills right over the fertilizer. My
object in furrowing theland deep
ly being to place the manure be-
yond the reach of a common
drought and also below the i'm
mediate contact of the young
plant, as such would give it a
hasty, abnormal growth, and
should a wet season follow, spoil
the crop. To make fancyTobac-
co early planting is absolutely
necessary, so it can maturein the
early fall, when the mean temper
ature averages about eighty de-
grees day and night, and when
sudden drops of temperature sell
dom interfere with the curing.
My crop is generally in the
ground between the Sth and Doth
OF May, as near the 10th to 18th
as possible. My Tobacco fields
are now in such excellent order
that very little hoe labor is re-
quired, and.this should commence
when the plant takes a little root.
with great care, by drawing a lit
tie fresh soil around the plant.
The second and last dressing
should be given when the plant
has well covered the hill, which
should be done very lightly, SD as
not to disturb the roots, as such
disturbance would causeit to take
deeper root and asecond growth,
which would incline the plant to
coarseness, rendering it more diff.
ticult to cure yellow, and at the
same time making it less valua.
ble for Fancy Wrappers, Cutters
and Smokers, as an excess OF fibre
and rank green would unfit it for
fancy work. The plant should
be primed lightly and topped ac-
cording to its growth. II vigor-
ous, say twelve, sixteen and some
times eighteen leaves, il it will
stand it. II weakly, top to the
number you think il can mature
properly not to dwarf the size.
The worms should I've closely
watched and not allowed to eat
hole in it.
II is always best to build your
barn on top Of some elevated
point, to give it perfect drainage
from every side, for during rainy
spells percolating water would
form spools in IL aud thereby put
the management OF the curing
beyond control, and then after
cures are effected, the color could
not bc held In n barn continually
damp.
The largest size barn In West
Virginia ranges about twenty
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27

Firm Western Toba co Jpnr ii.
Anyone who has ever read two
or more articles from experienced
and successful growers of fiue
cured Tobacco must have been
strucE at the wide differencein the
apparent treatment of any two
houses, the wide range in degrees
OF heat used by any two not agree
ing by any means; yet to any one
familiar with the flue curing pro-
cess it is readily seen they all lead
to the same result, Only a differ
ent way OF applying the heat,
none OF them giving over a GER
tain number oil heat degrees dur
ing certain conditions of the To-
hacco, and the sum total of it all
being the same in the end.
Ii the Tobacco is cultivated
properly and handled right when
put in the barn, inexperienced
curers, with no assistance, but
common sense, often make the
very best cures, while many intel
ligent men, who stick rigidIv to
the printed schedule. without Civ
Ing any thought to the nature of
Tobacco, generally fail; and as
these facts often cause outsiders
to think there in more luck than
brains involved in n good cure,
We wish that erroneous impress
sion corrected, for no man can
possibly be "A SUCCESS in curing
fancy Bright Tobaccos unless he
gives the subject deep study and
Witches and notes in his minds
eye all the various changes as
they occur with n successful cure,
so he can repeat il under like or
approximate conditions iT~ his
next cure and make improve
ments with time. There are ever
arising during Il planters life new
contingencies with each year,
some favorable and many very
unfavOrable, 80 il il the clnse oh.
server who prepares himself for
these happenings, one Of which il
a sudden fall and also iluctuating
temperature, which requires ex.
traordinary skill To overcome,
since the best planters make to.
tai failures during such times,
they not being able to control OF
obtain a proper, uniform heat in
the barn unless very watchful
There is mo- time for sleep, as ev.
cry moment must be used in
watching the outside and insid,
thermometer. To sec that ther,
ARE just so many degrees 'of arti
iirial heat according to the print
ed schedule, making the basis ol
normal atmospherical heat so dc.
grees to work OH. For every de.
gree that the outside temperatur,
falls below 80 degrees duringcur
ing he must dropa many degrees
10y the inside thermometer, that
is, follow the fluctuations of thu
outside thermometer right along
TO make il more palmer: Should
the planter reach the point Of Mr.
Birds schedule, where 1S5 de
grrss were called for, (which
means 1Oo degrees Of artificial
heat, added to so degrees Of thu
outside temperature) aud thu
outside temperature suldcnl,
falls to 40 degrees, should th,
planter undersuch conditions rm
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27
NO. 38

run the nedU from IUU TO lzO de-
grees, and hold there eighteen
hours, applying the water fire.
quently, or at each firing, not
cooling down any moreby water,
but holding at 120 degrees eigh-
teen hours, in conjunction with
the water, just to keep the air
moist.
You observe that | alternate
firing up and cooling down with
water up to this point, omitting
the cooling down the last eigh-
teen hours only, and now | leave
of the water entirely, as the Lug
leaves are now yellow and will
sponge or brown if not dryed off
to set the color. My object in
using the water up to this time,
is to keep the sap flowing and to
keep up the yellowing process,
which is hastened by my method,
and arrested just at the proper
time to catch the yellow color in
the larger portion of the plant
and also save the Lugs, as they
are the first to yellow. Most
curers in trying to make a good
cure OF the Leaf lose the Lugs, for
they do not use water, and the
Ing browns orrunsredbefo the
rest of the plant issufflciently yell
low to fix or set the color. 1t
generally takes thirty-six hours
from the first firing to yellow a
house of average Tobacco, and
probably a fraction longer for
very heavy bodied and gummy
Tobacco before We are ready for
the dry heat.
Let the planter keep in mind
that the yellowing of Tobacco is
the foundation of a good or bad
job of curing, according to it's
completeness.
lnow run the heat up to 10
degrees to save the Lugs, so as to
fix the yellow color, and keep
them from browning, and onlylet
the heat remain at at110aboutfive
minutes, when | draw the fire from
the fiues, let them cooldown, and
close the doors, allowing it to re-
main cool three or four hours.
You will observe that ITO dry
heat, with water omitted during
this short time, is sufficient to set
the color of the Lugs, and at the
same time not sufficient to stop
the yellowingprocess of the thick
er leaves..above, and especially the
t. p leaves, which are heavier and
longer in yellowing. Run the heat
now to 105 and ITO, and hold
there for six hours, ventilating
from equal distances around the
bottom Of the barn. The Leaf
should be curling at the tips, or
curing slowly at thisstage. Now
advance the heat to 115, and
hold six hours. Then advanceat
the rate of two degrees per hour,
until you reach 125 degrees.
Touch the back of your hands to
the leaves, and il sweating or
sticky. open the doors and let it
cool down as near as possible to
100 degrees. When drysd off,
raise the heat back to 125, and
then gradually run it up to 14O
degrees in six or eight hours,
which will about cure up the Leaf.
Shut up all the air vents around
the bottom of the barns and ad.
vance the heat at rate of five de-
greeS per hour until you reach
lSJ. and hold at this until the
stalk is perfectly cured, for II any
sap is left in the stalk it will after.
wards be absorbed by the dry Leaf
like u sponge drinking water, and
streak it down the stem, iniuring
its market value thereby.
Let me caution you particular.
~ about tluctuating gtemperature
in the cure Of Tobacco. Late in
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27

eight tiers high, yet the eighteen
by eighteen feet barn can be cas-
ier controlled in unfavorable
weather, and during a late, chilly
fall Many planters leave a space
of an inch between the roof and
plate wall, so as to cause the hot
air to draw uniformly to all sides,
equally as well as up through the
top OF the roof. Most of the plant
ers build log barns and daub the
cracks with mud mortar from
bottom to top. yet aframe house
made air tight will answer every
purpose.
My time for cuttingcommences
about the last week in August,
and ends the last of September.
| aim to cut the most uniform
plants first, should the difference
in size make it necessary, seeing
that the size and texture run as
nearly alike as possible so the
treatment OF heat degrees may
act on all alike, yellOwing alto
gether, and setting or fixing the
color of all Just at the critical
stage, which could not be done
with large and smallplants of Diff
ferent character hung prOmiscu-
ously in the same barn, for the
heat which would save the light,
silky teXtured plants would spoil
the heavier, cOarser plants, or al
least make a less successful cure
under the best management. |
handle the plants with great care
to prevent bruising the eleafin cut
ting, and hangimmediately in the
barn before it willis, so each plant
can swing freely without crowd
ing, so each plant can swing free.
ly without crowding, admitting
of free circulation of the hot air
uniformly through it, and start
the fires at once, guarding against
fluctuations OF temperature, and
in order to guard against these
fluctuations Of temperature it is
best to have two (3) thermome
ters, one hung outside at a few
rods from the barn, as Il basis for
working the heat degrees OF the
inside thermometer. For con.
venience it would I've best to bore
an auger hole overapane ofglass
previously Y inserted in the barn,
and run a reed or pole through,
attaching the thermometer to the
end OF it. so it could hong in the
center OF barn to get the average
heat, and when wanting to in
spect it drawing it out so itcould
be seen (at short intervals)
through the glass without going
nl and out, chilling the barn with
frequent dranghts OF cold air dis
turbing the heat.
All things being ready. and the
outside Thermometer registering
say eighty degrees natural TEN.
perature, aud the day soft. run
the first heat up to 110 degrees,
holding at this a half hour,
drenching thefloorand walls with
water every few minutes. The
object OF the water is to p, oduce
a steamy vapnr, or cloSeness in
the barn, that hastens the yellow
ing. and also prevents the To-
bacco from drying, Or the sap
from setting before the yellOwing
has been fully completed. which,
OF course, would ruin the cure.
Watch the outside thermometer.
and Il il is still eighty degrees or
along there, aud your tobacco
thoroughly wiltcd. run yourhcat
up to 120 or 125 degrees, sprin-
king the walls, and coolingdOwn
the flues to the outside temperu.
turr Of eighty, or about, closing
the doors, and letting it remain
In this condition three or four
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27

NOulu nave lfo ucSices vi uit
fetal heat instead Of 105, since
the outside thermometer, on
which he had been basing his heat
schedule, had fallen 40 degrees,
making the equivalent of 225 de-
grees on the basis OF a warm days
temperature, which would cook
the Tobacco, il it did not destroy
the barn by fire. So it is such
sudden drops of temperature that
always confuses the curer, and
this is why we advise early plant
ing and early cutting, while the
weather is still warm, day and
night, doing away with the neces-
sity and vexation of keeping up
with the fluctuations OF freaky
weather.
We quote MIR. Greed NJ. Bird, OF
Putnam County, West Virginia,
as our most recent guide in rails,
ing fancy Bright Tobacco, the
way to cure it when the weather
is favorable, and the approx
mate way, when the weather is
chilly and fluctuating, and in or
der to favor these conditions it
will always be necessary to have
in the first place suitable land,
then early plants, early setting
and early cutting. We give Mr..
Birds personal experience as re-
lated to us, which can be varied.
since his best Tobacco lands is a
southeastern exposure, lying
high, with perfect drainage. An
other planters best lands might
be northwestern exposure, while
another's might be a strictly
southern exposure, which, with
the same soil conditions, would
be the best of all. So there is no
arbitrary rule az to the best land,
just so they all have about the
same timber growth, and exposed
well to the sun, and consist Of a
gravelly subsoil, underlying a
grayish vegetable mould of sutfi-
cient strength to make the plant
fairly large and at the same time
oil a silky texture. The timber
growth of Mr.. Birds Tobacco
land is Oak, Hickory, Black Gum,
Dogwood, Spicewood, and a few
scattering Chestnuts. The land
(which averaged him respective
ly S45. .OOand $1,000 per hundred
for two separate crops, and l 100
pounds per acre. is a gray soil,
gravelly. everything a yellow clay
subsoil, and was assisted 10y a lib.
eral supply Of good fertilizer.
Those who are not favored with
this kind Of timber growth and
soil conditions. can get a. near
them as possible, since the object
il to avoid a very rich, deep black
soil, which is more suitable for
the heavy Mahogany kinds, aud
they are harder to cure yellow,
owing to the excessive gum and
sap in the leaf, and as hard to
hold the color when n successful
cure can m effected.
In addition, let us add: The
Tobacco planter too often selects
the largest, coarSest plants for
seed" when he ought to select the
average size, and smoothest,
then prune the top down to only
a few branches, 80 the seed will be
larger and healthier, consequent
ly impart more life to the plant.
We recommend our patrons to
Major II. l.. Ragland, Of Hyco.
Halifax County, Virginia, for i'm.
proved seed Of all varieties cul.
tiv6ted in Virginia and West vir.
ginia. To make good Tobacco
you must have good seeds to
start with, and II you are going
to save your own seed, be careful
TO choose such as will prove a ben.
eft, and show Improvement, for
any intelligent farmer knows that
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1889-03-27
THE SECRET OF THEIR CURE.
INsTRU CTIONs AND RE-
ELECTIONS AS TO sELECT-
ING LAND, SEEDING,
GROWING, CURING AND
HANDLING. ~
What Mr.. G. NJ. Bird, wl0 Av-
eraged Over 800 Per Acre
Has to Say OH an Import
ant Subject.

INV TO REGULATE THE IsaT IN URISG- -
Minute AMI INTELLIGENT ISsrR' crIo rs.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27
MaryIand's Exposition.

Elaborate preparations are being
made for the great Exposition to open
at Baltimore, Monday, September 9Th
and continue until Saturday, Septem-
Der 18th.
A monster parade, Industrial and
Civic, with 200 floats and over So
600 men in line will be one of the
features of the first day. A Sham
Battle, Grand Concert and Massed
Band Concert in which so bands will
take part, Dedication of the Post Of
flee by the President and Cabinet and
Maryland Grand Ball are on the pro-
gram for Thursday the 18th.
The Bombardment of Fort NIcHenry
is arranged for Friday the 18th. Eight
United States Men-of- War, the Mary
land Oyster Navy and 500 men will
be in the engagement and something
realistic can be looked for.
Some of the best stables in the
country are entered for the races
which take place each day, on the
Pimlico Track.
The railroads are making low rates
and the B. & o. with it's usual liber-
atty announces that excursion tickets
will be sold to Baltimore from all sta
tions on its lines east of the Ohio
River, for all trains September 9TH 10
18th inclusive, at one fare for the
round trip, valid for return passage
until September 21st inclusive.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27
KabIetown Personals.


Charles H. Kable, Esq, and daugh-
ter, Miss Laura, are visiting friends
in Staunton.
Mrs. Samuel l.. Rissler and Miss
Mary Ware are visiting Mrs. Fannie
Dudrear, at Liberty, Md
Mrs. Ann Engle and Miss Maggie
Engle, of Uvilla, are visiting Mrs. DR..
Brown.
Mr.. Willie Lloyd has returned from
delightful visit to Martinsburg.
Mrs. Thos. E. Woodward, accom-
panied by her guest, Miss May Dun
ham, of Baltimore, visited friends near
Kabletown.
Mrs. j. o. Boggs and interesting
little daughter Florence, who has
been visiting Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Myers for two weeks, have returned
to their home in Washington. Mr..
j. o. Boggs, also spent several days
at this delightful home.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27

Quoting the inscription on Mr..
Rouss' new building going up on
Broadway, N. Y, the Richmond State
thus comments:
cit is unnecessary to say that the
proud owner of the house thus de-
scribed is a Democrat. We know
him well. He has never been a
spendthrift, of course. His econo-
my of letters shows that man can
accomplish IaudabIe purpose even
with small means. But the most en-
inently Virgtnian sentiment is found
in this sentence: "Pluck adorned
with ambition, backed by honor
brite, viii always comand suces, even
without the almighty dollar
That's Democratic platform for
you. That's the true ring. That's
what wins every time.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27
Another Opportunity to visitAt-
Iantic City via B. & o.

The Fourth Select Excursion of the
Season to this great resort is an
nounced Ivy the b. & o. for Thursday,
August 20, and all who can do so
should not fail to take advantage of the
low rates offered. Every facility is
offered the tourist, the train service
and equipment unsurpassed, Pull
man Buffet Parlor Car is attached to
the day train from Staunton through
to Baltimore connection with the New
York and Philadelphia Express.
We show below a list of some OF
the principal stations with time OF
train and rates of fare, correspond
ingly low rates will be made from
other citations on tho limo.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27
MARRIED.

August 18th. 1889. at the residence of the
brides parents. by Elder John Brindle Mr..
JOHN w. NIEKIRK. of Charleston, w. Va.
to Miss LULIE A. TALLEY, of Martinsburg.
At the Reformed parsonage, August 18th,
1889. nv Rev. j. \. HofIheins Mr.. SAMUEL
R0WLES to Miss MARY CATHARINEB BURNS
both of Martinsburg.
At the same place. and Ivy the same. August
18th. Mr.. CHARLES N. WHEELER to Miss
SUSAN \. MILLER-botho of Berkeley county.
August 18th. 1883. by Rev G. G. Bader Mr..
BENJAMIN f. PLOTNER to Miss ANNA
BELLE WOMAX-both of Berkeley county.
August 18th. 1889. at Darllrsvillc. Berkeley
county. Mr.. CALVIN Z. GRIMM to Miss AM E.
LA ]. T. SHRODES-both of Gerardstown
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27
Advertised Letters.

List of letters remaining in the
Post Office at Charlestown, jefferson
county, w. Va, August "a, 1889 ..
Miss Mary Davis, Susan billiard,
James A. Goodwin, Mrs. John E.
King, H. c. Morrison, d. Snyder
Stephen and Col. Ira D. Baker, (2).
The above letters, if not called for
within thirty days, will be sent to the
dead letter office. Persons calling
for them will please say that they are
advertised.
Gpo TT Ft.ce p AT
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1889-08-27
TERMS REASONABLE.
GOOD WAGES FOR GOOD FITTING.

In large cities is a constant demand for good
Filters at salaries ranging from SIS to so &
week. There are hundreds of young women
throughout the county vino have the taste and
talent to I'LL such positions all they want is an
opportunity, and a knowledge of the laws that
govern the art Understanding. A RHht 6f this
knowledge precludes the possibility of reaching
q high position as Cutter and Filter. We will
help you in this matter. We teach you in de-
tail the art of cutting, That our method is not
hard to learn is clearly demonstrated by the
following testimonials of SOME of the best citi-
zens of Grafton. w. Va. We could give sew
eral columns of such and even stronger:
GRAFTON, w. VA, February. 1899.
So far as have tested the National Garment
Cutter System. find it to be all it is recOn=
mended and can heartily recommend It to all.
Respectfully.
NRs H. t. ATnEY.