davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
The Dissertation of Rome,

In order not to wander too far
from the main subject, l will cite one
item only of these annals of destruc-
ton. will mention what happened
in the valley of the Forum between
1910 and 1919. In less than ten
years time the men employed by the
contractors of ST. Peters to search
for building materials crossed the
Valley ofthe Forum from end to end,
like an appalling meteor, destroying,
dismantling, splitting into fragments
burning into lime, the temples, the
arches, the basilicas most famous in
Roman history, in the history of the
Old World. together with the inscrip-
tions which indicated their former
use or design, and the statues and
bas-reliefs which ornamented them.
In 1910 the podium, steps and pedi-
ment of the temple of Antonius and
Faustina were removed to St. Peters
or otherwise made use of. Between
1541 and 1545 the same fate befell
the triumphal arch raised in honor of
Augustus after the battle of Actium;
and portion of the Cloaca Maxima.
In 1916 the temple of Julius Caesar
was levelled to the ground, together
with the Fasti COnsulars and Tri-
umphales engraved on it's marble
basement; in 1547 the temple of Cas-
tor and Pollux was dismantled; in
1549 the temple of Vesta, the temple
OF Augustus, and the shrine of Vor-
tumnus. -Rhdolfo Lanciani.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
Eastern 8eggars.

Beggary throughout the east is q
thriving profession. There areguilds
of beggars, besides the numerous
communities of dervishes, who are
semi-religious mendicants. Many
families have been beggars for gener-
ations, and are mendicants from
choice. Some of these professional
beggars are actually wealthy. Four
and-twenty years ago the writer well
remembers q case. The Chief Beggar
(the title was not conferred in deri-
sion) gave his daughter in marriage
to a substantial farmer. The girls
dowry consisted of two freehold
houses, the rooms of which were en-
tireIy filled with dry pieces of bread,
and the sale of these begged crusts
subsequently realized a considerable
sum, being disposed of as food for
cattle. 1t must be remembered that
in the east there is no organized char,
ity, that most Mussulmans are ex.
ceedingly charitable. many giving
away fifth and some even a third
of their income. Under such circum
stances it is not to be wondered al
that the professional beggar thrives
Good Words.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
Lucky People.

When it was stated here that VIM. and w.
P. Fawcett held ticket No. G3,S56 which last
month drew the First Capital Prize of $780,
600 in The Louisiana State Lottery and had
received their money-$15, O00-a great
many persons thought it was joke The
Times-Journal man, wishing to know the
truth of the matter, saw the parties and was
assured that the report was correct They
received themoney last Friday week by draft,
which was paid by the Bank of Camp
belsville at this place. 1t is certainly q
large investment Tor q dollar. They have
for several months been buying one or two
twentieth tickets in this Lottery and stated
to us that they had always drawn enough
money in pay for their tickets up to the time
oidrawing the capital prize.
1t will be remembered that some time ago,
Mr.. Sam Frank Spencer of our neighboring
town, Greensburg, drew Sic, 900 in the
Louisiana State Lottery and that several
times the adjoining county of Marion has
been lucky in holding tickets drawing from
$500 to $15,000-Campbellsville (Ky.)
Times-J ournal, Nov. 6.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
James Miller.

Writing of James Miller reminds
one that the first martyr of what is
now Somerville, contributed to the
cause of liberty in 1875, was named
James Miller. 1t was on the day of
the Concord fight. The British were
retreating pell nell to Boston. Their
line of march lay through what is
now Washington street. Somerville.
A few rods west of the corner of that
street and Medford street, and just
mt the base OF glorious old Prospect
hill-whereon the first stars and
stripes ever flung to the breeze was
raised, according to some historians
Miller, a man 20 years of age, by
the way, took his place behind a
stone wall with farmer neighbor
and began to blaze away at the pas
sing redcoats.
The fire getting too hot for safety,
the officer in command of the British
troops sent back a platoon to dis
lodge the plucky Americans.
"Come, James, it is time for us to
co. said Miller's companion, pre-
pariug to retreat
"No," came the determined tones
from the hero's lips. 81 am too old
to run. " and, facing the foe proudly
and defantly, he fired his last shot,
and with thirteen bullets in his heart,
ere the smoke of his own rife had
cleared away, he fell dead.
Yet the scene of Miiler's martyr
dom is unmarked today.-Boston
Globe.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
CROWN PRINCESS ISABELLA.

Joao VI. returned to Portugal, and next year
Brazil became independent. In that year
Dom Pedro l. was crowned and held the
reins till unseated by the rising of1S31. 1t
was not till 14l, however, that Pedro H..
then mere lad of sixteen, assembled the
throne the government being meanwhile
administered by regent Two years after
his coronation he married Teresa Christina
Maria, the daughter of King Francis of
Sicily. One daughter, the Countess d'Eu,
was the fruit of the union.
Dom Pedro's reign has been marked
throughout by progressive measures, and
under him the country developed and
prospered. Trade and commerce of every
description increased rapidly; 1,5O0 miles of
railroad were built; 4 800 miles of telegraph
completely 1900 postoffices opened; free
public schools established and other re-
forms instituted One of the most notable
acts was the manumission of the slaves.
For many generations negroes have formed
large proportion of the population OF
Brazil outnumbering even the creoles, the
Mamlucos and the Tupi Guvani, or aborig-
inal Indian stock of coppery-skinned ma
tives who inhabit the forests and plains of
the interior. In 1871 the government passed
an act declaring that all children born to
slaves after that date should be free, and at
the same time gave freedom to the slaves in
the household of the emperor, and pro-
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
Historical.

Brooches among the Greeks was
the garment of slavery.
Bear batting was an ancient popu-
lar English sport, but twas prohibit
ed by parliament in 1885.
The first line of the Capet ended
with Charles ", in 1923 when Philip
VI of Valois assembled the French
throne.
The rank of baronet, the first
among the English gentry, and the
only knighthood that is hereditary,
was established by James |. in 1911.
Barbados, one of the Windward
isles of the West India islands, was
discovered by the Portuguese about
1900, and five years later the Eng
lish took possession, and have since
maintained it. jamestown, there,
was founded in 1926.
Mail coaches were first set up at
Bristol, England, in 1874, and were
extended to other routes in 1884, at
the end of which year they became
general in England. This plan for
the convenience of letters was the in
vention of one Palmer, of Bath, Eng
land. The mails had previously been
conveyed by carts with single horse,
or by boys on Observation-Disclosures
Budget.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
She Got a Handful,

Col. Thomas, one time member OF
Congress, was in the city this week,
and among tales of the old days told
the following about Thaddeus Stew
ems:
"Thaddeus Stevens was sitting in
his office one day with a few friends
when in walked an old lady, wearing
q poke bonnet, blue goggles, and
carrying a green alpaca umbrella.
She looked around the room as if in
search of some one, and then said
solemnly:
"'Can you tell me where to find
Thaddeus Stevens, the Apostle O
Liberty?'
"'Old Thad' blushed.
Tn Thaddeus Stevens he replied
shortly.
care you Thad-e-us Stevens, the
Apostle of Liberty?'
I reckon, am, ma'am
The old lady dropped her parasol
made rush toward Stevens to kiss
him, and when he held her off, she
said:
i" i came from Bucks County tic
see Thad-e-us Stevens, the Apostle oil
Liberty, and to take home with me
q lock of his hair
"The Apostle of Liberty took of
his red wig, handed it to her, anG
said:
There it is, ma'am. Take az
much as you want. New York
Tribune.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
Tragedy of a Closet.

The following strange history has
been whispered abroad concerning
one of the principal dressmakers OF
Paris, q woman whose taste and
elegance of design in certain details
OF feminine costume are well known.
1t appears that there exists in Paris
law forbidding any house that en-
ploys work. people from forcing them
to work after stipulated hour,
which is, l think, ten o'clock. The
pressure of orders inevitable to the
exhibition season tempted Madame
A-to break this law. Her work
rooms were in full tide of operation
one evening, near midnight, when an
Ominous summons sounded at the
door, followed by the dreaded man.
date: "Open, in the name of the law!"
In an instant the goods and sewing
implements were whisked out of
sight, the lights were extinguished,
the wOrk-women were hidden away
here, there and everywhere. One
girl, delicate little creature, was
hurriedly thrust into a great ward
robe hung with dresses, the door
closed and locked upon her and the
key removed. The visit of inspec-
ton OF the police revealed nothing,
and as soon as they had taken their
departure the girls were released from
their hiding-places. But when the
wardrobe door was unlocked, the
corpse of the unhappy child who
had been concealed there, fell upon
the floor She had died of suffoca-
tion. This story has been hushed
up, not hint of it appearing in the
Paris papers.-From the Philadel.
phia Telegraph.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
Mr.. pookery was There.

We were about to leave Louisville
on a down-river steamer, and the
men were just hosting in the gang
plank, when a tall, slim young man,
with great deal of cunning in his
composition, leaned on the rail of
the promenade deck, scanned the
crowd of 200 on the levee, and called
out in thin voice:
Say! is Mr.. Dockery there?"
"He isl" promptly replied a voice.
'Then tell him Pm coming back in
about a week to sandpaper his head!'
1t was intended for u joke, but no
one laughed. just at that minute
the gang-plank was dropped for a
belated passenger, and a man from
the crowd rushed along in to the
boat, lodged upstairs like a monkey
and next minute appeared before the
astonished smart Aleck.
"Sandpaper my head, will your
he Kissed, as he reached out Tor hair
ooh, now, but you aren't Mr.. Dock.
eryp' shouted the young man.
aren't l? Don't l know my own
name, you luscious persimmon?
Take that and that and thatl"
And he banged him right and left,
lifted him up and down. and ended
by spreading him over the deck as
far as he would reach. Then he
skipped off,to be received with cheers
while the young man gathered uI
the fragments and splinters and re
tired. He was on the boat three
days with us and during that time
/ never saw him but once. Then he
had his head out of his state-room
window to view the scenery on the
Arkansas shore. One of the boys
yelled: "Dockery!" and the head
vanished, to be seen no more.-NeW
York Sun.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28

Gertas. Fonseca, with very large major
ity of the troops, was republican at heart.
The leaders took counsel and it was decided
to anticipate the reorganization of the ma
tional guard, even if it became necessary to
seize and overthrow the existing govern
ment. In the meantime it was not difficult
to arrange an understanding between the
civil republican leaders and the troops to
act in concert when the moment arrived
So confident were the former of the entire
success of the projected coup that they had
a number of new flags manufactured in the
city of Rio, on which the Brazilian crown
was replaced by a Phrygian cap-the SYM
Dol of liberty. The flag contains nineteen
stars on blue ground.
At the first indication ofthe revolutionary
programme being carried out, the Brazilian
navy was ordered by Baron Ladario, min
lister OF marine to be in readiness for in
slant service. A single naval vessel would
have wiped out the revolutionists at the
outset; but they did not propose to be so
quickly disposed of. Baron Ladario, who
is about fifty-two years of age and vigor-
Gus and fearless commander, could be de-
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28

pended on to sustain the imperial govern
ment.
On the 18th inst. the crisis seems to have
arrived. Telegraphs, postoffices and the
principal buildings in Rio were seized by
the regular troops, who were 4, 500 strong at
the capital. The emperor and his house
hold were at his summer palace, Petropolis,
a short distance from the city, and thither
detachment of troops were sent by Gen.
de Fonseca to make him prisoner. The
cabinet, too, were placed under arrest.
Those of the citizens who did not
sympathize with the revolutionists were
so overawed by the suddenness of
the stroke that they seemed unable to COM
prehend the situation. and they kept in
doors. Business was at a standstill. Baron
Ladario, while endeavoring vainly to stem
the torrent of rebellion, was shot at and
severely wounded by one of the troops. So
well was the plan of the rebels conceived
and executed that the naval ships in harbor
were unable to render any aid to the gov
eminent. There was not, as far as learned,
any serious rioting or disturbance accom-
panying the rising. The city once secured,
a consultation of the republican leaders
was held and provisional government was
organized, the selections being made alto
gether by the military, as the people were
still too much alarmed to unite in the
movement and held aloof. The temporary
republican cabinet was as follows: Presi-
dent, Didorio da Fonseca; minister of the
interior, Aristide Loba; minister of foreign
affairs, Equintin Bocayura; minister OF
finance DIR. Barboza; minister of justice,
Campos SALES; minister of war, Benjamin
Constant; minister of marine, Admiral
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
PROTECTION OF GERMANY.
THE BRAZILIAN BOULANGER.

The establishment of the New Bra
lillian Government by FOnSeca and
His Troops.
The civil and military revolution in
Brazil which has resulted in the deposition
of Emperor Dom Pedro H. and the estab-
lishment of provincial republic, is one OF
the most remarkable national transitions
ofthe present century. 1t may yet prove
by far the most notable event that has
occurred on the western hemisphere since
the proclamation of the American republic
and the downfall of Macmillan in Mexico.
1t has been fortunately unattended, as far
as learned, by those scenes of riot and
bloodshed that are the usual accompani-
ments of violent changes of government.
At the outset it would seem surprising
that there should be a revolution in Brazil
at all The strength of the Republican
party, when tested in the recent elections,
was apparently insignificant. They sue
ceeded in returning a few members to the
chamber of deputies, but only after a second
ballot, the Liberal leaders being in a ma
jority in the ministry and having the legis-
lature with them overwhelmingly. So
closely did the character of the government
approximate to what might be expected
under republic, and so liberal had been
the whole tendency of the administration
during the fifty-eight years of Dom Pedro's
reign, that the people were generally be-
lieved to be satisfied with things as they
were. Indeed, there was in Brazil faction
among the Weather classes so strongly
conservative that they even blamed the
emperor for his ultra-liberalism and pro-
gressive ideas.
But while Brazil, with its population of
nearly II, OOO 900, was already a republic in
almost everything but the name, Dom
Pedro and his advisers could not fail to OBJ
serve that there were causes at work that
threatened the downfall of his government
at any moment. The real revolution had
been slumbering for many years before a
single blow was struck. When the moment
arrived Boulanger was ready. The press
of Brazil and notably that of Rio, Para and
Bahia, had been openly republican. Re-
peatedly and recently they had called upon
the emperor to abdicate; called in no rebell-
ious spirit, nor did they at any time en-
deavor to excite the people to deeds OF
violence The demand was made in the
name OF the people, whom they declared to
be republican at heart. In this crusade
against the BraganZa dynasty the Gazeta de
Novicias the Diario and the Paix were
most prominent. The emperor and his min
listers were aware of the strength OF
the movement and of the fact that the
press represented the popular sentiment.
When Princess Isabella, acting as regent
during the absence of Dom Pedro a year
ago, signed the decree emancipating the
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
RIO JANEIRO FROM THE BAY.

vided an emancipation fund for the ulti-
mate liberation of the slaves owned by
private persons. Emancipation progressed
rapidly. The importation of slaves had
been stopped since 1858, and since that time
up to the signing of the act of last year by
Princess Isabella as regent one million
had been manumitted. Prior to the reign
of the ministry headed by Senior Cotegipe,
in March, 1888, the abolitionists were badly
prosecuted by the Conservatives and slave
holders. Seniors de PatrOcinio and
Nabuco, and Senators Dantar and PradO
were undismayed by these hostilities and
| persevered in urging abolition. Prado
pushed the measure with such success that
it passed both houses in May 1888, and was
at once promulgated by the princess-regent.
| 1t was while Dom Pedro was absent in
Europe visiting London, Paris, Florence,
Brussels and Rome, that the emancipation
! for which he had labored half lifetime
took place. Immediately tumult of Joy
seized the nation, the planters alone re-
naming sullen. They had reason to re-
| gret the act, for their crops suffered, the
coffee brought to market was inferior and
| their plantations became improbable. 1t
was some time before the native product
| again COOh Guc ISduy puI up W Guo pTeSeuG
day the planters never forgave the govern
ment for depriving them of their negro
| labor.
The emperor's European tour and his
visit to this country are still remembered.
He impressed Americans as a man of broad
intelligence and progressive ideas, and one
who had the full support of his people at
that time. Cultured, fine linguist, giant
in stature (being six feet four inches in
height, his sixty-three years did not seem
to weigh very heavily upon him. The
recent troubles, however, have shaken him
severely.
In remarkable contrast to her venerable
and mild-looking sire is the Princess Isa-
bella, the one picturesque figure in this ma
tional drama. She is a woman who, in
almost any sphere of action, would make
her influence felt. Strong, selfreliant, with
her mind trained to matters of state and to
dealings with diplomats, she has been the
foremost advocate of all the progressive
movements in Brazil for the last ten years
or more. She is not beautiful woman,
but her face shows intellectual strength and
force of character. She is now forty-three
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
vanasrholtzt minister of agriculture,

+ NAndefhoHN minister OF agriculture,
Demitris Ribero.
Following rapidly upon the heels of this
step came the repatriation of the emperor
and his household-thee exile of the Bragan-
zas who had held the Brazilian throne for
the better part of century. On being in
formed of his deposition, the old emperor
bowed to the will of fate and complied with
the mandate OF the provisional government
to quit the country in twenty-tour hours.
With his whole household he started the
following morning (Noy. ~ on the steam
packet Alagoas for Lisbon, being accompa-
MED down the bay of Rio and out to sea by
the Brazilian ironclad Riachuelo. 1t was
promised by the new government, condi-
tionally, that the exiled ruler should have
an allowance and that all debts contracted
in behalf of the Brazilian governme mt
should be liquidated. For the rest, it seems
to be the desire of the people of Brazil to
give the new regime o fair test. Should it
prove unsatisfactory, and should the Brazil
ians decide to reorganize the national guard
to crush the rebellion and re-establish the
empire, bloody days may be in store for the
youngest of the Western republics.
The story of the BraganzaS is one of the
most picturesque in history. Originally
usurpers, they have held the Portuguese
throne for $50 years. Dom Pedro de Ala
cantara, the deposed emperor of Brazil, was
child of six when his father, Dom Pedro
l., was compelled by the revolution of 1881
to abdiCate. When, in 1S0S the condition
OF affairs in Portugal drove the Braganzas
out of that country, they fled to Rio. In
Brazil they seized the opportunity to es-
labESh themselves and at the same time to
find favor with the Portuguese throne, the
result being that, in 1915, Brazil became a
part OF the kingdom of Portugal. In 1921
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28
Discovery of a Lost Art.

Tempering of copper is one of the
lost arts, which has been actively
sought for by scientists and mechan-
les for years. The process has been
accidentally discovered, and tests OF
the copper thus treated have shown
most remarkable strength and wear
ing qualities. 1t will be especially
valuab BILE for use in the bearings and
commutators of dynamo machines,
and also for the journals of locomo-
tives and cars. An establishment in
Pennsylvania is now placing the met
al on the market.-New York Tele-
gram.
The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-28

years of age thorough politician, bit 0
a Bluestocking, an enthusiast on the sub
iect of human freedom, strict Roman
Catholic and partisan of the church, lib
eral in principle and practice, and as posi-
tive in her temperament as her father is the
reverse Knowing these traits of the heir
presumptive, the Brazilians felt that with
Isabella on the throne there would be q
stronger hand at the helm of state than that
of the old emperor, and mind that could
not be coerced as he had been at times into
consenting to measures that strengthened
the Republicans Isabella was married in
1864 to Prince CASTOR of Orleans, the Comte
D'Eu, who, had his wife become empress,
would have occupied the position Of prince
consort merely, and would in any event
have had little share in the response bilities
of government, which would have been
solely in the hands Of his energetic spouse