The Springdale news., 1889-10-04
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

Tobacco gives employment to 3D. 900 persons in Now York. Germans, Bohemians and English predominate,
 In France they now use for steam and water pipe joint gas jets made of wood pulp. which are boiled in linseed oil. They give satisfactory results, and are not subject to decomposition at high temperature.
 Almost the hardness of the dia-- mond is said to be given by German workmen to steel-engraving tools. The tools are made white hot, plunged re- peatedly into sealing wax until cold, and then just touched with oil of tur-- pentine.
 In Russia there are sixty-seven inn mense spinning mills, employing an aggregate of 115, ,000, 900 spindles. The principal centers of this industry are the provinces of Moscow and Vladimir. Russia has 4S8 cotton weaving estab- lishments, which give employment to S0 500.
 A Philadelphia German named Kleeman has discovered a process for making sugar out of "black strap, the refuse from molasses. The "black strap" is thinned with water and mixed with Ignite, after which it is purified. The result is said to be a fair quality of sugar.
 The objection against making lead pencils out of paper instead of wood has been overcome. One of the difficulties has been the toughness of the paper covering and its consequent resistance to the action of a knife. By new pro- cess the molecular cohesion of the pa per is modified in such a manner that it can be cut as easily as cedar wood.
 An ingenious device for preventing the odor of cooking from escaping into a room has been patented. The inven- tion is of the simplest possible descrip- tion, and consists of hood with folded sides or leaves, which covers the sides. of the stove The odor passes into the hood, and is carried directly into the chimney.
 Prom investigations carried on by Dr. Rappoport in St. Petersburg, it would seem that the quantity of gas tric juice seereted during sleep is much smaller than that secreted during the daytime or active fife. The digestive. power is also less. Pepsin is found to much the same amount; but chloride of sodium and hydrochlorie acid are in smaller proportions.
 The Engineer. says that among things that never will be settled are the following: Whether long screw-driver is better than short one of the same family. Whether water-wheels run faster at night than they do in the day time. The best way to harden steel. Which side of the belt should run next the pulley. The proper speed of line shafts. The right way to lace belts. Whether compression is economical or the reverse. The principle of the steam injector.
 -Experiments have recently been made ut Kiel by the German naval au- thorities on torpedoes made of paper and worked by electricity. The re- suits are said to have been very satis- factory. The torpedo is about eleven feet long by sixteen inches diameter. aud is made Of twelve layers of paper, fourteen inches thick, compressed and yarnished. The motor is mounted on three paper ribs and driven from the ship or shore by d cable, the steering and ignition of the charge being con trolled through the same cable.
 To the progress of invention, more than to all other causes combined, is due the important sociological fact that the condition of women has been vastly improved during the last for or five decades. Invention has relegated tine coarser and harder work of women to machinery, and has opened up new and pleasant avenues of profitable employment for them. Witness the telegraph, the telephone. and type writing machines by which hundreds of thousands of women and girls earn their living. The movement is still onward and upward. .-Invcntive Age