davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1889-04-20

And Trades Display. Great Preparation.
for the Day.
AGALA Day.


The Carnival and Trades Display Com.
mittee held another meeting last night Il
Tho City Hotel 70 perfect arrangements
Tor the coming celebration
Ihe committees assIgned 10 The various
duties reported that everything was pro-
crossing satisfactorily. The committee
on transportation reported that the rail
roads had reduced fare for the occasion
70 $3.50 rouad trip from Baltimure and
Washington. On motion Of Mr.. Hedges.
$40 was appropriated 10 he Gevarpor'e
Guards to feed the visiting militia. Mr.
]. n. Nichols, fer the committee On Are
works reported that the Gre works order
ed bad been shipped. and would reach
here by Monday. On motion Ii was
agreed TO increase the IRE works fund
from 500 to $l25.
Mr. Flood Stated that Al mecting OF
the Business Mems Association that the
sun Of SO bad been appropriated to-
wards the erection Of an arch provided
that the committee agreed TO erect the
same and we're short OF funds. II was
finally determined that no arch be erected
Mr.. Flood submitted the program and
route Of the procession, which was gem
orally discussed. On motion Of Mr. Rid
cut, Il was decided to decorate the
front Of the City Hotel, a. the head
| quarters OF the carnival committee.
On motion Of Mr. Seidewitz It was de.
cided to employ the Naval Academy
Band to furnish music during the display
Of Gre works at night. Mr. Munroc
reported that a majority Of the merchants
had decided IL close their places OF bust
ness from 1890 A. NJ. TO 2 p. NJ, 10 order
to give their employees an opportunity
10 participate IN the carnival. II was de-
cided that the committee Of twenty one
should 60 masked in carnival, except the
CHIEF marshal. After discussing some
matters of unimportance, the committee
adjourned to meet sgain on MoDd y
night.
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1889-04-20

TOR $ ALE.--A Willow BABY CARRIAGE.
y good IS new. viii sell cheap. Apply at
No. IS Compromise Street. low
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1889-04-20
ca. MARY'e CLUTCH.

w. AWNANA UAtHHUUAt McttUEs
Services. Low Mass 1t $50 q. m. and
s ,. m. Solmn High Mass at TO- 80 .. m.
and at o'clock p. M. Solemn VespeFs.--
The Music to morrow will be OF = high
order.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
Elastic Traces for Vehicles.

Every one has noticed that dray
horse is often obliged to use all his
weight and strength to start vehicle
which moves along easily enough when
once set i'll motion, and 1t is quite con-
ceivable that springs in the harness
might make the work easier by distrib-
uting the movement of starting over a
longer period of time. Acting on the
suggestion of M. Celler, chief engineer.
the directors of the Eastern Railway of
France began, six years ago, to harness
all the horses employed in shifting
freight cars at their Paris station with
traces made of chains having a strong
spiral spring inserted in them. A large
number of horses are employed in this
service Mt the station, and the effect of
the change Inns been very satisfactory.
y considerable gain has been made in
the durability of the harness and the
regularity of the work, through the
diminution of the number of chains
broken i'll the service, while the horses
have done their work bettor and with
less fatigue. The blow of The collar on
the shoulders at starting is far less VIC
lent and less injurious to the animal
than under tho old system, and the
horses, finding that strong continued
pressure will effect as much rs the Jerk
which was formerly necessary, seem to
gain courage, and pull steadily and di-
rectly, instead of wasting their strength
in Intellectual plunges. During the six
years of trial the directors of the COM
pany have become so convinced of the
superiority of the new mode of harness.
ing that it has been adopted in all por-
lions Of the vast network Of lines un,loY
their control. Scientific american,
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
The Census of Lepers.

The census of 1881 gave l31, 6l8 ms the
number of lepers in India, number
that is believed to be from 1000 to 5,OOO
under the mark. There are more male
than females among them, the proper
tion being 90, 9S2 of the former and 81, :
636 of the latter. OF those who are act
tually known to be lepers only l per
cent. come under treatment in asylums
and other medical institutions. A con
temporary gives the following. abstract
of that part of the report which deals
with this point: "In the Bombay presi-
dency only SIC lepers received treat
ment last year in asylums and hospitals,
although the census gave return OF
10,S0O lepers. In Madras 43S were
under treatment in the same year, al
though the census return of lepers
in that presidency is II, 900. The state
of affairs is still moro remarkable in
Bengal That presidency hal no less
than SO, 800 lepers within its boundaries
Mt the census, but we find that only 276
were under treatment last year. The
Northwest Provinces included 1900
lepers in 1881; last year 84S were treat
ed. The Pun.ab is little better. In
1881 the census returns showed $500
lepers; the cases treated last year were
$50, "---SaR Francisco Chronicle,
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
Mjmicry in Nature.

Go to the sea-shore and observe the
grasshoppers among the beach grass.
They fly mp at your approach, whiz off
rod or so, and alight. an you see
them2 They are colored so nearly like
the sands they live upon that detection
of one Mt rest is almost impossible.
On yonder grassy bluff, stones throw
away, you will find none of them, but
other kinds equally, or almost equally,
lost to sight by their surroundings.
What chance of life for either if they
suddenly changed places They would
be so conspicuous that every passing
bird or other insectivorous creature
would sight them. Of course, these pro-
tcctive colors have been gained by
slow steps. Every grasshopper that
found its preferred food among the
sands was Liable to be eaten. In the
long run just those would be eaten
which were most easily seen. One
which varied in coloring in never so
small degree, SO as to be less easily
seen than his brother, would live to
rerpetuate his kind, and his brother
como to an untimely end; the progeny
would show the fortunate variation, and
be more likely to be spared to transmit
in increased volume the probability of
the happy coloring. Given, then, a
brood of grasshoppers that find their
preferred food in sandy spots, and IN
less other and more powerful forces act
upon them it must result, from their liza
bility to be eaten by creatures fond of
grasshoppers. that in time they will re-
semble in coloring the sand on which
they live; it is impossible that they
should not. Any creature not specially
protected by nauseousness, or habit, or
special device of some sort, must in the
very nature of things, if it is to live at
all, have some other protection, and
that afforded by color or pattern is by
far the most common. The world is
made up of eaters and eaten, of devices
to catch and devices to avoid being
caught. Atlantic Monthly.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
Anecdotes of Andrew Jackson.

All anecdotes illustrating the charac-
ter of Andrew Jackson should be pre-
served and there are many that have
never gone into print.
The writer can give two that will
strike all who know General Jackson's
real character as being true to life.
An old citizan of this city who died
few years ago, as he stated, was in
Kentucky in 1928 when Gen. Jackson
was candidate for President, and Gen.
Jackson, in travelling, stopped in the
town where he lived. The canvas was
at fever heat; everybody was warm on
one side OF the other. An eccentric
Clay man took especial pains in the most
emphatic man ~ to show his hostility
to General Jackson.
Finally coming close up to the Gen
eral, he, with great emphasis, said: eyes,
sir, Iwant you to understand that am
not going to vote for you
Gen. Jackson, rising up and looking
him full in the eye, said: "Sir, I have
given much of my life to my country,
and it was that you might have this
privilege
The other incident in the Generals
life was given to the writer by Captain
Bell, who died recently at Knoxville at
an advanced age. H father, as is
known in East Tennessee, was man of
prominence, and was a friend of Gen
Jackson. He kept q hotel on the main
road leading through East Tennessee,
and which was the road Gen. Jackson
travelled to Washington. And Gen.
Jackson always stopped, as Captain
Bell related, with his father.
TNborr ho 1roc aIaofo1 prasiHont the
first time, he travelled from Nashville in
his private carriage, and before reach
ing Bells Tavern he sent forward SER
want to tell Mrs. Bell to have dinner for
him and his companions. Driving up
to the gate, Capt. Bell, who was then a
young man, went out with his father to
receive the distinguished travellers. AS
the General got out of the carriage and
shook hands with his old friend, he dis
covered, walking backwards and for
wards on the porch, North Carolina
gentleman, whose name the writer can
not call, but he was at the time a man
of great prominence, and between whom
and Gen. Jackson there was the most
deadly hatred, growing cut of indigni
ties offered the General while candi-
date, and which had come nigh leading
10 u uuel. InlS SeHIloniln udo Stoppeu
and was waiting for dinner, and the
meeting was accidental.
Gen. Jackson recognized him at once.
He took in the situation. The deep
enmity existed, but he had been elected
President of the United States, and
turning to Mr.. Bell he said: "Please
tell Mrs. Bell we are under many obi
cations to her, but we will not stay for
dinner" Saying which he shook hands,
got in the carriage and drove on. Capt.
Bell told the writer that his father knew
all the circumstances, and there was no
explanation necessary. (7'enn.)
american.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
RABBIT SKINS.
The Australian Pests Utilized by
Europe and America.

Rabbits have SO increased now in
Australia and New Zealand that the col
onlsts are at their wits end how to get
rid of the evil. The extent of the in
jury done to the pasturage required for
sheep may be inferred in some measure
from the enormous number of rabbit
skins exported, which, however, prove
blessing to the cheap furriers of
Europe and America. A local industry
has also sprung up IN the colonies in
making soft felt hats from their fur.
Coney wool was encouraged and valued
in England o hundred and fifty years
ago, and is now worth Is. pound. The
damage done to the crops in the Au-
stralian colonies by the little animals
that furnish the skins for export has
become of such magnitude as to furnish
the subject of parliamentary legislation
there.
From the single colony of New Zea-
land there has been exported about
7O,O00,OOO skins, valued at nearly ST.
10000. But the property destroyed
by these rodents is estimated by mil
lions, and this industry of rabbit skins
is one which the people there do not
wish to see prosper. In Victoria the
colony is asserted to have sustained
loss of about $l5,0O0,O00. The cheap
Innings of coats and ladies' cloaks, and
many of the dyed articles of fur, are due
to rabbit skins, home and foreign. In
the last ten years 100000 rabbit
skins have been exported from Victoria.
In addition to the exports from the
colonies, many have been used locally
by hat manufacturers and others, and
large numbers have doubtless been des-
troyed or allowed to decay. The ex-
tensive supply from Australasia has
flooded the English market, and the
trade has on hand a supply sufficient to
last for n year or two.
The English rabbit breeders also
found it to their advantage to kill rab
bits mainly for their skins, and the
supply of home skins is said to reach
30,000,0 900 annually. Belgium, which
supplies the tame-bred rabbits SO largely
appreciated and imported for food, sends
away over 100000 rabbit skins, but
then these skins are much larger, of q
finer color, aud better fitted for furs
than those of the wild rabbit.
In some of the Australian colonies at
tempts were made to preserve their flesh
in tins for food. One company in South
Australia employed forty or fifty trap
pers, and thus prepared 5000 or 1000
rabbits day. But this utilizing process
has been dropped since the wholesale
poisoning and other methods of exter-
mination have been resorted to, the
public becoming shy of eating the
rabbits as food.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

sufficient license to reduce the burden
of conjugal ties. If man has three
wives he cannot give exclusive attention
to one to the prejudice of the others.
1t is share and share alike. But If he
manifestly prefers one to the Others,
there are regulations prescribing fair
exchange. Thus, if each of the three is
entitled to an equal portion of his socie-
ty on successive weeks, they may agree
to &C ,ept from the favorite equivalents
that compensate for the loss of the hus-
bands company.
If he in turn has great liberty in ex-
ercising the forms of divorce, yet 1t must
be done with certain definite forms and
phrases, and the divorce is not final I'M
til pronounced on three separate occa-
sious. He must also return her dover
to the divorced woman. On the other
hand divorces work no injury to her, and
she may Immediately remarry. Then,
besides, Persian woman has legal
right to form what is called temporary
marriage without q slur Oh her reputa-
ton. II differs from the regular form
of marriage in that she brings no dover,
the man giving her a present instead,
which he cannot recall.-New York
1Forl6
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
Married Women in Persia.

AS soon as she marries the Persian
woman enters an anderson of her own.
This is term equivalent to harem, and
means literally the inner apartments.
Clubs are not permitted in Persia, nor,
indeed, would they easily become popu-
lar, because in the anderson Persian
has club of which he is the little god,
while there the Persian women WELD an
influence as great, if not greater, than
any enjoyed by European women. AT
ter the days work is done, after the Wis
its of ceremony have been paid, after
the stroll or the canter when the sun is
drawing low and his setting rays are
tinging mountain and field with roseate
glow, the Persian gentleman retires to
the seclusion of his anderson. Once
there and the door closed, no one can
enter but the eunuchs or the slaves.
The master is alone with his family.
Sheriffs and creditors cannot disturb
him, nothing short of an order from the
Governor or the Shah.
Now it is that the woman exerts her
influence. 1t is suppos that thsre are
many hatreds and feuds among the vari-
GUS wives of n harem. Doubtless there
were such, but scarcely more than occur
among women OF society g sewhere. And
it must be remembered that q polyga-
nous life is q custom to which every
Persian woman is habituated from birth.
and looks forward to as matter of
course. What would therefore be a ter
rible indignity and curse to an American
woman, produces no impression on a
Persian wife. 1t should also be remem-
berel that Persia is provided with a
written code which, among other mat
tiers, prescribes the most careful regula-
tions for the direction of married people
and the protection of the rights of
women. These regulations are carefully
observed by men as We'll as women, both
because common sense shows them the
IMPORTANCE Of such observance, and be.
cause tho code and custom alike allow
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
War Without BIoOdsned.

It is we'll known that the nitric of
amyl possesses the power of causing
insensibility very quickly in human
being breathing its fumes. The effect
is equivalent, temporarily, to para
letic stroke. 1t is very cheap and plen-
tiful, and Mr.. Edward Weston, the
electrician, proposes to use shells filled
with this chemical instead of gunpow-
der. He argues that few gallons of
this nitric dashed ON the deck of way
ship would render the crue helpless.
The most powerful ironclads would be
even more vulnerable than the light
cruisers, for they would be sucking
down great draughts of air through
their artificial ventilators, and the odor
would thus rapidly permeate the whole
ship. The whole crew being rendered
helpless for an hour or two the ship
could, of course, be towed into safe
port, while the captors ventilated her
and removed the insensible MENU.
Y Merc1Ly1J
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

LEVI D. FULLER, who lives ct Cor
land, ILL.,, is probably as we'll qualified
to discuss the success or failure of mar
riage as any man in the country. In the
last twenty five years he has been mar
ried seven times. He has received in
his life 100 answers to advert sements,
correspondent with $50 women, proposed
119 times, been accepted eighty five
times, rejected Thirty -four times, receiv-
ell 400 photographs, had six blonde
wives and one brunette; one wife was
red headed. He has two children. He
says he regards his present wife, whom
he got in response to persistent adver-
Using, rs the best of the lot. Pc has
hopes of ending his days with her.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
So famous have the South Carolina

So famous have the South Carolina
cotton planters bee pme all over the
world that they are now in demand in
foreign countries where cotton is plant
ed. Some time ago New York firm
wrote to A. J. Salinas & Son, of Charles
ton, on behalf of firm in Russia, asking
Mr.. Salinas to engage capable and in
telligent planter at liberal salary TO go
to Russia to plant cotton. Mr.. Salinas
made arrangements WITH John s. Scott,
of Mars Bluff, Marion County, one OF
tho most successful planters in tho
State, who will sail from New York for
Moscow. Thence he will go to the
Caucasus where his special business will
be to superintend the natives i'll the
cultivation of cotton which is planted
there in large quantities. He will also
be sent to Central Asia to confer with
planters and dealers i'll that section.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

MANY of the animals native and re-
culiar to this continent are becoming
extinct. The buffalo, less than twenty
years sgo, by its numerous herds stopped
a railroad train on the western pl1Ns.
1t is now so nearly extinct that il mas
become a curiosity in menageries. Five
years ago Western hunters announced
that the last great herd had disappeared.
A herd of elk once dispersed Califor
mia legislature, but this animal is now
very rare in that State, md is becoming
scarce all over the country. The beaver,
the moose, the cariboo, the antelope, the
mountain sheep are disappearing fast
before trnppers aud pot-hunters with
"railroad facilities" The manatee, Of
Florida, will be extinct before tho
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

THE Kreuz Zeitung prints letter from
Togoland, Africa, saying that slave
traders are turning their route to the
Togo coast and that in December q slave
caravan arrived ut LONE from Sagala.
This is on the old slave coast of West
Africa, north of the Gulf of Guinea. At
tention has been so strongly drawn to
the horrors of the slave trade in West
and Central Africa that the revival Of
the evil in West Africa has hardly been
noticed. In the British territory of
Sierra Leone while ago, chief living
outside the district swept down upon
the southern part of the country, and
took 100 women and 200 men prisoners.
They were dragged off to slavery. and,
though they are all British sub ects,
nothing has been done to rescue them.
The opponents of British cooperation
with the Germans in the cast coast slave
blockade assert that Great Britain had
better abolish slavery in her own terri
tory before she seeks work i'll that line
in other regions.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07
CellulOid's Composition.

Most celluloid is made in France. A
roll of paper is slowly unwound, and ut
the same time is saturated with mix
ture of five parts of sulphuric and two
parts of nitric acid which falls upon the
paper in fine spray. This changes the
cellulose of the paper into pyroxyline
(gun cotton). The excess of the acid
having been expelled by pressure, the
paper is washed with plenty of water I'M
til all traces of acid have been removed.
1t is then reduced to pulp, and passes
on to bleaching trough. 1t is this gun
cotton which gives it its explosive ma
ture. Most. of the water having boon
got rid Of by tieaas of a strainer, it is
mixed with from twenty to forty per
cent. of its weight of camphor; a second
mixture and grinding follows. The pulp
is spread out in thin slabs, which are
sqeezed in a hydraulic press until they
are as dry as chips. Then they are
rolled in heated rollers, and come out
in elastic sheets. They are from that
point worked up into almost every con-
ceivable form. In Paris there is room
almost completely furnished in cellulold.
The curtains, the furniture, the door
knobs and even the mating were made
of this material To be sure, no matches
were ever carried there. Indeed, the
room was never usel. 1t was only
curiosity, and the man who owned 1t
owned the factory where 1t WAS made.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

In the United States there are over
two hundred fraternal, benevolent, so
cial, insurance, political, religious, tenn
perance and other secret orders. Fol-
lowing is the official membership Of
some of the moro prominent American
organizations: Freemasons, 100000
Odd Fellows, $50, GOO; Grand Army OF
the Republic, $50, 900; knights of Pythi-
as, PIC, GOD; Good Templars, 200, 962; An
cient Order of United Workmen, 19I 1916
knights of Honor, 124, 756: The Royal
Arcanum, $4,000; Improved Order OF
Red Men. 81, 200; American Legion OF
Honor, 81 ,664; Knights and Ladies of
Honor, 40, 200; Sons of Veterans. $4,000;
Ancient Order of Foresters, $3.50;
Daughters of Rebekah, 80, S5S; Knights
of the Golden Eagle, 10000, and Order
of Chosen Friends 9,271. The total
number of Masons in the world is esti-
mated at 100000. The total number
of Druids in the world is CT, 200.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

In on experimental observation of
thirty eight boys of all clnsses of society
and of average health who had been
using tobacco for periods ranging from
two months to two years, twenty seven
showed severe injury to the constitution
and insufficient growth thirty-two show
ed the existence of irregularity of the
hearts action, disordered stomachs,
coughs, and craving for alcohol; thir-
teen had intermittency of the pulse, and
one had consumption. After they had
abandoned the use of tobacco. within
six months one half were free from all
their former symptoms, md the reIuain-
der had recovered by the end of the
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

HENRY NJ STANLEY's real name is
John Howlands. He was born in
Wales, near the little town OF Den
bigh, and his parents were so poor that
he was s mt at the age of 3 to the Toor-
house at st. Asaph. When he was 13
he was turned loose to take clre of
himself He was well informed, and
taught school for while. He shipped
from Liverpool as a cabin boy when
he was IA, and reached New Orleans.
He was there adopted by merchant
named Stanley, who gave him his
name. Young Stanley fought in the
Confederate army. He is now, il
alive, As years Of age.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1889-02-07

OLIVE culture in California is rapidly
assuming large proportions. There are
orchards there Of $4,000 trees, and
thousands more are being set annually.
In that sunny cline, the olive crop is as
absolutely sure as anything earthly can
be. 1t is gathered in December and
January, when help is plentiful, and
keens remarkably well. The trees are
set thirty-fve feet apart, and as ten
years are required to bring them from
cuttings to the bearing point, grape
vines are set between them. At matu-
r;ty the average yield is $40 worth of
fruit per year.