davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1889-12-26
Dyspep


Makes the lives Of many people miserable,
and often leads to self-dcstruction. Distress
after eating, sour stomach, sick headache,
heartbusn, loss Of appetite, q faint, all gone"
feeling, bad taste, coated tongue. and irregu-
n,.4.~.. larity Of the bowels, are
OsoSS0oo some Of the more common
After symptoms. Dyspepsia does
R~<s not get wen Of itself. It
0ssss8 requires careful, persistent
attention, and remedy like Hoods Sarsa-
parilla, which acts gently. yet surely and
efficiently. It tones the stomach and other
organs, regulates the digestion, creates .
good appetite, and by thus aSrk
overcoming the local symp- a
toms removes the sympa- 6J000dCu0
thetic effects Of the disease, banlshes the
headache, and refreshcs the tired mind.
shave been troubled with dyspepsia. I
had but little appetite, and what did cat
noo.<. distressed me, or did me
little good. In an hour
OUSU after eating I would expe-
Renee faintness, or tired, all-gone feeling.
- though had not eaten anything. Ny trou-
bic, I think, was aggravated by my business,
which Is that Of painter, and from being
more or less shut up In q aA.as
room with fresh paint. Last
spring took Hoods Sarsa- 0IOs1S0Cu
rilla-took three bottles. Il did mo an
immense amount OF good. II gave mo an
appetite, and my food relished and satisfied
tho craving had previously experienced"
GEORGE A. PAGE, WATERFOWL, Mass.
=
Hoods Sarsaparl1la
Sold b N druggists. u; sir for rs Prepared only
b l. HOOD Z CO., Apothecaries, Lowell. Mass.
100 Doses One Dollar
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

same state Of affairs is unquestionably
existing along the Pennsylvania, Balti-
more & Ohio, Lehigh Valley, etc,
although the officials of those roads have |
taken no steps to ascertain the bulk oil
shipments delayed by their inability to
provide cars, which are unloaded as
soon as they arrive and Immediately
sent back. This seasons business, they
all say, is larger than ever before. A
rush always follows the closing of the
AXE navigation, but, owing to the
enormous crops of the present year, the
East bound movement is Of unprece-
dented magnitude.
Nor is this car famine confined to the
yreat trunk lines of the East. The
Western roads are all hard pressed and
do'not allow their cars to 60 East OF
Chicago. In Kansas the farmers and
gain shippers who cannot obtain accom-
modations for their products are send
ing numerous complaints to the Rail
road Commissioners. In Missouri the
receipts cannot be handled in full, and
the freight accumulates at the railroad
depots without adequate shelter or pro-
lection.
From these facts it is obvious that
even the wealthiest railroad companies
those that could best afford to have an
abundance of rolling stock sufficient tc
meet all emergencies, are driven by
avarice to keep their transporting &C
comodatlons below the requirements OF
the constantly enlarging communities
along their lines. Were the railroads
the property of the people, no sucl
penny-wise pound foolish policy coul(
be followed.
1t is obvious also that this is prope
time for railroad employees and TO
wage-earnsrs in many other trades t.
get their grievances redressed, and t.
obtain, by iron clad engagements,
security for the future.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
CONGRESS AND LABOR.

In the list of committees of the House
of Representatives appointed by Speaker
Reed last Saturday the Committee on
Labor is put away down at the end.
There was a time when membership
on that committee was eagerly sought
by ambitious politicians. At the opening
of TIE Fiftieth Congress, the probable
composition and the craftsmanship of it
were discussed by the newspapers weeks
beforehand. The committee finally APP
pointed, with John J. O'Neill of St.Louis
as chairman, introduced several bills
ard secured the passage of a few, among
them the establishment of the Depart
ment of Labor, an amendment of the
Contract Importation Act, and worth
less law allowing the incorporation of
| trades.unions with branches in Wash
| ington and the Territories only. All
this was done during the first session of
the last Congress. When that came to
close the labor movement seemed to
have lost its power. The danger of the
rise of great labor party, which for a
while frightened the politicians, seemed
to have passed away. The eagerness of
Statesmen" to pose as champions of
labor subsidized accordingly. The luke
warmness of Congressional labor cham
pions became more noticeable after the
election of 1888, when the most promin-
ent of them-Chairman O'Neill himself,
Charles Smith of Milwaukee, Martin
Foran of Cleveland and others--were
not returned. 1t seemed now an estab-
lished fact that labor was ungrateful
or, to put it more correctly, that not
much political capital would be made
out of the Committee on Labor
The result is the comparative insignifi
canoe into which this committee has sunk
in the eyes of Congressman and of news
paper correspondents as well. There il
no committee which retains so few Of
the former members, only three-Cand
Ter of Georgia, Buchanan of New Jersey
and Haugen of MISUNDERSTANDING beer
! taken over from the former committe,
out of a total membership of thirteen.
The present committee stands as fol
lows:
William H. Wade, of Springfield, Mo.
chairman Buchanan, of Trenton, y. j.
/ Farquhar, of Buffalo, N, Y; Osborne
| of Wilkesba- re, Pa; Haugen, of Rive
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
NOW is THE TIME.

Let the working men in any branch
of trade ask for a small increase of
wages, or even resist proposed reduc-
ton, and the whole press will re-echo
the hypocritical complaints of the en-
ploying class, that business ispoor, COM
petition extremely sharp, profits unusu-
ally small, ETC.. etc. But let the working
men keep quiet for while, or meekly
submit to imposition, and the truth will
ooze out through the pores of every
capitalistic sheet.
The fact is, for instance, that at the
present time business has assumed pro-
portions which dwarf all previous con-
ditions; and it is safe to say that if the
eight-hour demand could be made to-
morrow instead of four months hence,
more decisive victory would be gained
all along the line than was ever obtained
by any single trade.
At the offices of the various trunk
lines centering here it is reported that
their rolling stock, though taxed to its
utmost capacity, is preposterously in
sufficient. Between Buffalo and New
York it is estimated that the Erie road
alone has from four to five thousand
cars of freight offering that cannot be
moved; while freight enough to fill ten
thousand cars is similarly waiting for
transportation facilities along the New
York Central and West Shore lines. The
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
THE INEVITABLE

Henry George said recently that mo
dern society has but the choice between
the single tax and Socialism. We agree
to that. But the wage-workers consti
tute a majority of modern society; they
are tired of wage-slavery, and it is in
the nature of things that they should at
last prefer Socialism, On the other hand
the capitalists are every day smaller
minority; but they grow richer as they
grow fewer, and it is in the nature of
things that they should reject any
scheme intended to make them more
numerous as a class, yet less wealthy as
individuals, Pack up, Mr.. George.
Nobody wants the land tax. Socialism
is coming.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
BRUTAL JOURNALISM.

In religious weeklies and secular mag
azines there have been, of late, vigorous
protests against brutal journalism"
The complaint is made, in particular,
that no person, ever so retiring in dispo-
sition, so pure in morals, so irreproach-
able in conduct, or even so lowi in station,
can escape newsp per intrusion, gossip,
notoriety and SANDER, if it serves the
purpose of reporter to connect that
person, in any way whatever, with
some scandal. As a remedy to this cry
ing evil the advice is given to "boycott"
those papers which cater to the morbid
tastes of their readers.
Sensible as the advice may seem at
first sight, it will be found, upon second
thought, very childish one. 1t is given
by men who, merely looking at the
surface of things, and greatly shocked
by their appearance, propose to shut
their eyes and run away.
Who will follow it? Certainly not
those who have morbid tastes; and as
the papers have found that lit pays
better to please such people at any cost
than to be moral, they will not change
their ways. If some did, others would
not and the latter would gain what the
first would lose.
They do not see, these advice ivers
that scandal, morbid tastes and news
paper brutality are reciprocal parts of
great whole, acting and reacting upol
each other. The evil is at the root o
society and the poison injected ther
pervades every branch of the great tree
Cut one branch, others will grow, n
less poisoned and poisonous.
To the wage-system, productive c
rich and poor and consequent immora
ity, every evil can readily be trace
1t is idle to talk of reforming the capita
istic press while maintaining Capita
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
DECEMBER 20, 1889.
CHICAGO ARITHMETIC.

1t has been repeatedly stated in these
columns that a correct analysis of the
Census returns of 1880, supplemented
by such official data as can be obtained
in relation to the cost Of shelter and
the last market price of commodities,
showed that the share of labor in It's
product was about 25 per cent. and no
more.
In recent article on the subject Dec.
7th), we took, for instance, the labor
employed in manufacturing industries,
and observed that the wages paid in
1880 ($947 900, ooO represented about AZ
Der cent. of the total value added by
those industries to the materials OF
manufacture" But we observed, fur
thermore, that a considerable portion
of that az per cent. was taken back
from the wage -earners by the landlords,
merchants. bankers, transporters, etc,
in the form of rent and profits in other
words. that, with nominal share OF
nearly one-half, the labor employed in
manufactures could only purchase in
the open market not more than one
quarter of its actual product.
Now comes the Chicago Tribune and
says:
"The manufacturers paid $9l7 O00, 0Ol
direct in wages to their workmen, and
they also bought $4,000, 900, 600 Of ma
terials, t,ro thirds Of the ralue Of Whlci
represented acages paid to tabor"
Indeed Is it truly SO?
Mark, in the first place, that the
$500, 900 600 of materials as returned
by the Census are largely composed o
manufactures in more or les
advanced form-such as pg.iron, steel
metal, in blocks or sheets, lumber, tim
Der, flour, malt, cotton and other yarn
textile fabrics, etc, etc, the value o
which merely swells the grand total .
the product by being counted twice o
more, according to the number of man
ipulations required.
The wages paid for manufacturing
those so-called "materials" are there
fore already included in the aforesai,
$947 100000; and instead OF receiving
twenty-five hundred million dollars-a
our esteemed contemporary of the mur
derous city of the West would hav
us believe that they do-the worker
employed in producing the material
which are converted into finished pre-
ducts by their fellowworkers in manu-
featuring industries receive probabl
not more than one-tenth of that sum.
Again, mark that our esteemed col
temporary of the murderous city of I'll
West does not say that the labor ell
ployed in manufactures receives MOI
than the aforesaid nominal As per cen
of its actual product. He is tightly heI
to the truth in this great class of occl
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
THE AMERICAN FEDERATION
OF LABOR,

Besides passing number of resolu-
tons that will unquestionably have
good moral effect, the Boston Convention
of the American Federation of Labor
adopted two measures that are of pract-
ical value and promise substantial results.
These were the provision for strike
assessment and the adoption of definite
plan of action for the eight-hour move
ment.
The eight.hour plan of campaign,
which by the way was first suggested by
our able co-worker the Neac Yorker
VolkS- Zeitung instructs the Executive
Board to select one or a few trades best
equipped for the battle. By concen-
tration of all the resources of the FEEDER
alton the demand is to be carried first in
the trades so selected and, after achiev-
ing success in these, other trades are to
be taken up and put through a similar
campaign. The only flaw in the plan
adopted is the voluntary feature of the
ten cents assessment. In merely request
ing the other trade organizations mot
actively engaged to assess themselves,
the convention adhered to the sentiment
al policy which has proved so ineffective
in the past.
Fortunately, however, the Convention
provided also for compulsory assess
ment which, though not specially in
tended for the eight hour movement,
may be first applied on this occasion
This assessment, though limited to two
cents member, may be levied for five
weeks and longer, if allowed by ge
neral vote. Thus a considerable funt
can be raised, which, together with such
voluntary assessments as may be col
lected, may suffice to carry out the plar
of campaign.
This two cents assessment is the mos
practical and important measure of tn
Convention. A trade organization tina
has no means of obtaining funds for tn
support of its struggling members is
shadow. The Federation by this SINAI
, assessment has taken the first step t
, become solid power. As soon as
r will make its power felt by leading som
= of its affiliated trades-unions through
e successful struggle, it will grow an
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

consolidate more rapidly. As it takes
into its fold an increasing portion of the
working class, we trust it will become
imbued more and more strongly with
the true class spirit and will outgrow
those "leaders" whom we took occa-
sion to characterize in our last issue.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
STARTLING FACTS.

Inquiries for upwards of 10000 tons
of American pig iron have been actually
received here from England, and we are
told that nothing stands in the way of
filling the orders except the firmness OF
ocean freights and the disposition OF
American producers to give home buyers
the preference.
This is an unprecedented condition of
affairs. The tables are turned, and the
iron industry of this country, which
always was clamorous for protection
against English competitors because Of
the higher wages paid here" is appar-
emily now-or will soon be--able to COM
pete with them in thgir own markets.
Speculation, it is said, has something to
do with the present state of the market
in England. But it is a well-known fact
that the wages of labor have greatly
declined in America; and in the matter
| of iron, as in the matter of cotton goods,
recently considered in these columns,
it is largely at the expense of the wage
workers that American industry is forg-
ing ahead in the direction Of worldwide
preponderance.
Most of our readers, outside of Penn
sylvania and Ohio, know little of the
progress of iron production in this
country. Hearing constantly of strikes
and lockouts in the coal and iron dis.
tricts, and reading at times in the cap
italistic papers that such benevolent
employers of labor as Andrew Carnegie
will be compelled to "blow OUT and
''shut down" unless their workmen con
sent to reduction in wages, they may
think that the market is very Limited
and the competition excessive. The
fact is, however, that every reduction
of wages is taking place in the face of /
constantly increasing output, necessl
tated by corresponding demand.
Twelve years ago the pig'iron produc
ton of this country was 1000, 900 tons
: as against 100000 tons in England
: In 1888 the American production hat
increased to 100000 tons, or 325 pc
- cent; while the English production ha'
y increased to 100000, or 25 per ceft
only. According to the latest report
. the American Iron and Steel Associatio
! the productive capacity of all our fur
70 aces, November /, was over 100000
tons. True, large number of thos
i furnaces have been given up as ole
v badly located, or for other reasons, BIT
u there are other furnaces building, of
/ capacity of 100000 tons; and of thes
a. some are in the South, where superit
III natural advantages, and especial
~ cheaper labor" will prove importal
III factors in the further degradation Of IL
wage.workers in the iron industry.
Nv
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

Another bill containing the outlines
of national school law was intro
duced by Senator ingalls,. 1t provides
for the appointment of National Board
of Education, consisting of one member
from each State and Territory and
the District of Columbia, who shall have
charge of all the machinery of school
system, the districts of which shall be
established wherever the parents OF
twenty five children ask for the appoint
ment of a teacher. All instruction shall
be in English; the age of pupils may be-
from 4 to 81 the curriculum shall in
clude the arts and sciences.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

claims that the labor employed IN the
production, handling and transportation
of raw materials-composed almost ex'
clusively of agricultural, mining and
unskilled labor, as we have just seen
receives two-thirds (or 81 per cent? OF
it's own actual product. This is, to say
the least, very rash assertion. 1t is, to
say the plain truth, bold lie on Its I'M
pudent face.
Let us cast glance at the actual
figures.
The wages of agricultural labor in 1880,
| for adult men, were at the average rate
of $13 per month in the Southern States
| and $40 per month in the Northern,
| Middle and Western States. About half
these rates was paid for female and child
labor, taken together.
OF course, every cent of income receiV-
ed by the non-working farm-owner was
a profit, in the shape of rent and IN
terest. In the same manner, every cent
of income received by the working
farmer. over and above the aforesaid
rates, was also profit, derived from his
ownership Of land and capital; as "A
worker he earned only what he saved by
not employing another person.
Now, in order to obtain the actual
''Iabor cost" of the whole agricultural
production, it is evident that we must
consider as laborers all that portion OF
the agricultural population that was
actually working, and multiply its mum
Der by the average rate of wages PAID
, for agricultural labor This very simple
. operation of arithmetic, which anyone
supplied with copy of the Tenth Census
l can make, shows that the total labor cos
i of the whole agricultural production il
, 1879 was, in round figures, abou
3 81, 300, 900, 900 Uhirteen hundred million,
0 The value Of this production, exclusiv
of the improvements made in the sam
;. year by the same labor, was estimated
r in the Tenth Census at $2,2l3, 900, O0(
,, But the official returns left out an enorn
n Gus quantity of ranch, town and othe
u products; and in his well-known worl
y Farm and Fa tory" Prof. J r. Dodge
of Statistician of the Department of Ayr
r cuiture--whose authority no one think
N of contesting-made the necessary az
* ditions, which brought up the aggrega
g, value, exclusive of the aforesaid improv
:, ments, to $3, 726, 600, 900 thirty-seven hui
er dred and twenty six million). By coun
u ing those Improvements of the ye'
III which were actually made by agricultu
III al labor, such as fences, bitches, plant
10 tons, etc.-we may say that in rour
figures the wealth produced by tn
no labor was about four thousand millit
dollars.
wv Its actual "labor cost" as alreat
nd
IA. stated was thirteen hundred million,
&" less than one-third of the total produt
Again, this one third was fully reduc
~ to one-quarter by the profits of mere
ants, bankers, transporters, etc, up
the manufactured products consum
,.. by the agricultural population.
We cannot here exhaust this impo
eel,
. ant subject, But enough has been So
to show that the economist of t
Chicago Tribune is either very pc
arithmetician or avery dishonest persC
We believe, in truth, that he is both.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

Falls, Wis.,; Gest, of Rock Island, ILL.,;
Connell of Nebraska Bliss, of Michi-
gan; Gambler, of Georgia; Davidson,
of Florida; Catchings, of Mississippi;
Turner Uhe '1ceman') of New York;
and Mutcheler of Pennsylvania. The
first eight are Republicans; the last five,
Democrats.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

Several educational bills have been
introduced. The Blair bill has already
been reported back from the Senate
Committee on Education, but in some
what amended form. Among the
changes are the following:
l. The quota of any State which shall
be refused by the Legislature shall be
covered into the Treasury instead Of
being divided among the rest of the
| States
2. The requirement that copies of
school books authorized by School
Boards shall be deposited with the
Secretary of the Interior is stricken out;
also the section giving the respective
Legislatures power to distribute the
funds apportioned to the several Terri
tories.
3. 1t is explicitly stated that the train
ing of persons of different colors to be-
come teachers shall not be required in
the same schools.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

Congressman Anderson of Kansas has
introduced a bill for the creation of
United States Commission of Arbitra-
ton for the settlement of railroad
strikes.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28
DESCRIPTION RATES:

NOTICE TO sUBsCRIBEks.-The date
after your name upon the address label at
tached to your paper is the date Of expiration
OF subscription. Thus mch9O means that
your subscription expires with the end OF March
1890. Send your subscription money early and
notify us of any fault In delivery or error on
our part
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

There are free trade organs and pro-
lection organs in Chicago. All are
capitalist organs, who consider only the
welfare of the working man. The first
contend that prices have no influence
on wages; the second assert that prices
determine wages. 1t never occurred to
either side that wages determine prices,
in SO far at least as the necessaries con-
sumed by the masses of the people are
concerned.
A contemporary observes IN his Wall
Street report that the "Street feels
greatly encouraged by 1.-the discon-
tinuance of the mass of anti-railroad
litigation that had sprung up in Iowa
state courts IN consequence of the COM
munistic sentiment and legislation of
that exceedingly narrow-minded COM
,oonwealth." How do the farmers of
Iowa feel about it? They had the
"balance of power" and used it, we
believe, at the last election. Will they
use it again at the next election? And to
the same purpose:
The same paper observes that another
encouraging and most important event
lis the constant increase in the amount
/ disbursed in dividends upon railroad
stocks" Chaunoey Depew declared
an extra" on New York Central. He
speaks well, ''Dr." Depew!
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

The receipt of a sample copy of this
paper is an invitation 10 subscribe.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

Interesting correspondence solicited from pro
letarians In all parts Of the world Letters re-
curing answers should contain return postage
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

Senator Berry has introduced bill to
require the Superintendent of Census to
ascertain what percentage of the people
in the United States occupy their own
farms and what proportion are tenants;
of those who occupy their own
homes and farms, what proportion
of their property is free from debt; and
of the homes, farms which are under
mortgage, what percentage of the value
is SO mortgaged. The bill appropriates
$500, 900 to carry out its purposes. This
bill embodies a demand made by the
Knights of Labor at their recent Con-
vention.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1889-12-28

BOARD or SUPERVISION. l.. WERNER, Secretary,
613 Callowhil street, Philadelphia, Pa.