The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1889-11-29
DOM PEDRO EXILED,
The Ex.Emperor Of Brazil, is
Forced to Leave his
Country.
IN Empire Turned into a Re.
public Without Loss
of Life.

Friday to hear the the republic proclaimed.
Gen. Da Fonscca, Senior Constant and
others proceeded to Pctropolis in the morn
ing and informed the emperor that he had
been dethroncd. Dom Pedro, supported by
his iamily, received the dcputation with
absolute composurc. Gen. Da Foseca
was the spokesman. He said that Bra
zil had advanced far enough in tho
path of civilization to dispense with the
monarchy. The country. while grateful to
the emperor for his patriotic services, was
firmly resolved to recognize only the repub-
lie. Dom Pedro made a dignified reply.
He declined to abdieatc, but said he would
yield to force. The imperial family were
allowed one hour to prepare for their de-
rarturc. Carriages escorted by soldiers
were waiting to take them to the outer har-
Dor, where man-ot.w,r was lying under
steam. The captain had been instructed to
sail as soon rs the imperial family had em-
barkcd. He had received sealed orders in
structing him what route to take. Dom
Pedro and the imperial family
LEFT YESTERDAY FOR LISBON
III the steamer AlasOas, which was escorted
ON the Brazilian coast by the Riachuclo.
Scnor Patrocino has been imprisoned for
conspiring against the republic The gov.
crn"s named by the provisional govern
mcnt are all military men. The dcnomina-
ton adopted by the government for the re-
public is the United States of Brazil.
The province of Bahia las proclaimed for
the republic. Peace and quietncss reign.
The republic will allow the dcposcd en-.
peror StO contos dercis per annum during
life. The five articles of the government
decree are:
first,ThG republic is proclaimed.
Scconi-Thc provinces of Brazil, united
Brazil
lhird-Each state will form its own local
government.
F"urt-Each state will send represent.
alive to the congress, which will convene
shortly, and the final decision of which the
provisional government will await,
Filtli-Mcantime the governors of the
states will adopt means to maintain order
and prntcc, the citizens rights.
PROVISIONAL FOR THE PRESENT.
The nations internal and external rela-
tions will be presented meanwhile by the
provisional government. The government
has announced that it will firmly maintain
order. 1t is preparing circular to foreign
governments relative to the overthrow o
the empire, which will be telegraphcd to
then through the Brazilian rcprcscn-
tativcs abroad. Tho tlag of the
new republic has been adopted and Brazil
is as peaceful to-day as though no thought
OF revolution llad ever aroused the feelings
OF her people. The overthrow of the cln-
lrc has been accomplished without the
sacrifice ofa single life, and the new pro-
vlsional government is proceeding with its
work MS mcthotlically and peacefully us
though it had been in existence
for years instead of hours. Dom
Pedro and his family go into per-
pctal exile, their absence from the country
being regarded by the leaders of the rcpu6-
lie us essential tothc peace and welfare of
the new government The new flag of the
United States of Brazil, which takes the
place Of the IMMORTAL emblem, with its
am d'gord STRIPES, WITH hpluc nelssY lsf &sfcn
are elnblazonGd nineteen stars To-day tits
hostcd everywhere and is recognized in
every province.
THE NEW REPUBLIC
Few people realize that Brazil is, or was
last week, the only monarchy in America.
Casting out the dependencies of foreign ma
tioiiS like Canada and the sea islands, there
is no other territory in the three Americas
that is not governed under the forms of the
republic. And even these dependencies are
in the throcS of change. Agitation tlisturbs
the placidcst nfsuriaces. The tendency to-
ward the people is felt everywhere. Dom
Pclro saw this tendency years ago, and has
steadily encouraged the popular growth in
the land Which was given him to rule And
yet the pror'lcst ofblood is pumped in the
veins of the most domestic Of rulers. lie cur
rics the blood the Braganzas, the Bour-
bnns and the lialsburgs. marriage he is
related to tl'croyal and imperial families of
England, France, Russia, Spain and Naples.
Dom Pedro L., his father, was Braganza,
his mother II IIalsburg and a sistcr-in-law
to Napoleon !. His relatives are of every
grade, from absolute ruler to constitutional
monarch.
a revolution began the reign of Dom
Pctlro's father Dom Pedro l., and ended
that of his grandfather, Dom Johu. Tho
latter, who had fled from Portugal when
the dragons let loose by the French rcvolu-
ton threatened to swallow linn up, and
who fora long time performed the novel
act of ruling u mother country from one of
it, colonies, was tain to return home lcav-
ing them popular, princcly Dom Pedro ut
the head of affairs. The public had had
a taste of freedom and thirstcd for
it. They liked Pedro better than they
did John and far better than the last Pedro.
Sept. Z, lS22, he proclaimed the iI,,lcpend-
cncc of Brazil, and Oct. II he was pro-
claimed constitutional emperor amid great
enthusiasm. Before the end of 1925 portu-
gal gave up the struggle, but succeeded in
saddling on Brazil as the price of freedom
her debts. But the cinlcrors reign was dcs-
tined to be neither wise nor happy. lie
gave himself up to Portuguese influence al
together too much to please the proud Bra
zilans. lie tried the desperate plan OF
forming new ministry favorable to abso-
lutism, and when it failed he dissolved the
ministry without naming another, abdi-
Gated the throne in favor of the heir appar-
cnt, then five years old, and embarked for
Portugal on an English ship, leaving be-
hind the new Emperor Dom Pedro II. and
the Princcsses Jannaria, Francisco and
Paula. Ills subsequent career III Portugal
was no more successful, and lie died fail
ure.
Brazil now really tasted sort of republic
can form Of government, for the three
members composing the regency were
elected by the legislative chambers. In
1874 there was a change to a single regent,
chosen by all the electors in the same man
ncr as the deputies. and the councils of the
provinces were replaced by legislative pro-
vincial assemblies. This was getting pretty
close To the ways of the United States. All
you had to do was to call the regent presi-
dent and there you were. But republican,
ism did not thrive. Fcijoc, the regent, was
accused of conniving at the rebellion
in the province of Rio Grandc
and was forced to resign, and