The Arizona sentinel., 1889-04-06
HOW TO FEED STOCK.
Eight Points Well Worth Considering
Feeding for Fat for Lean.

Gle producers) and of lash" elements
Ozone producers) than older animals.
The mothers milk contains the right
proportion. The bran of grain, es-
pecially wheat. contains almost exact
ly the same proportion. Hence bran
tea or porridge may be, in part, SUBJ
stituted for milk.
2 Our working animals require a
larger proportion of muscle and bone
producing food than fattening animals.
Oats contain more muscle-producing
clements, and corn more fat and heat
elements.
8. The first thing an animal does
with lis food is to warm itself up. Its
food is its fuel. Our best farmers and
livery men hesitate to feed corn to
horses in summer. 1t is ''tOo heat
ing" and chemistry verifies the OBJ
servaGion and experience.
4. You have noticed that pigs fed
corn exclusively arc apt to be weak in
the bones. Too much fat; not enough
bone. Clover pasture, or even blue
grass pasture or clover hay, or shorts
or ground oats, with the corn, will
give stronger bones and more lean
meat, and make healthier animals,
stronger, less hog cholera. Second,
it diminishes the profit. Lean meat
pays better now than lard or tallow.
We must feed for the changed and
changing demand. l remember when
the tallow of steer or a sheep was
worth eight to ten cents a pound, and
the dressed carcass was worth only
three or four cents a pound. Now,
however, these figures are near
ly reversed. Cheap mineral Gear
bOn) oils have driven out cam
dies and whale oil for lighting, and
make tallow and lard cheaper than
beefsteak and ham, and we must meet
our changed markets by feeding less
corn and more clover, oats, bran, etc,
that is, more of the lean-meat produ-
GERS. The experiments of Prof. Sam
born, of Missouri, and of Prof. Henry,
of Wisconsin, prove that we can "feed
for fat" or feed for lean," as we
choose.
5. Sheep need less carbon in proper
ton than pigs. Wool takes more nj
trogen to make it, and it keeps the
sheep warm, so that it needs less car
bon. Dairy COWS need less carbon in
proportion than fattening COWS. Some
L. - f,4E
need less carbon than others because
they are predisposed to the laying on
of fat
6. In determining the grain ration
we must consider the ''rOughage"
ration. Straw and bleached corn-stalks
are largely carbOnaceOus and very low
in nitrogen and actual fat. Hence
feed rich in nitrogen, like oil-meal or
bran, is needed with some corn for
fat) to balance up the straw. Clover
hay is almost a complete ration for
work horses, but is balanced up by
corn better than by oats. The only
real objection to clover for horses is
that it is apt to be dusty, but sprinkling
will cure this Timothy hay and corn
stalks are relatively high in carbon,
and. therefore, best balanced fer work
horses by oats, which are relatively
high in nitrogen.
Z. Relish is an important aid to
proper digestion. There has lately
been quite craze for warming water
for stock. 1t may save some corn
(carbon) if cattle are not housed, but
if they are properly housed | believe it
is an injury to warm water above the
point of real relish, the point where it
best slal1es thirst too, which for ami
mails as well -as men, think, is be-
tween forty and fifty degrees Fahren-
heit. The idea of relish helps to ex-
plain the apparent fact that ensilage
and root crops have a feed value con-
siderably above what the chemical
analysis would seem to indicate. They
relish SO well that they digest we'll
themselves and help to digest the dry
hay and grain fed with them. | have
no doubt that our animals fed on grass
all summer, crave succulent food in
winter, just as we crave canned fruit,
sauces and vegetables with dry bread
and meat.
s. This suggests the final thought,
viz: We must be guided by our cir
cumstances, our environment, as to
what we shall feed We must not at
tempt the impossible nor the unprofit-
able. Cotton-Seed meal malt sprouts
and even oil-meal are largely out of the
question. They cost too much. But
oats and Oat shorts (from oatmeal
mills), clover hay and wheat-bran may
be most proftably used to balance up
our corn ration. AS to relish. l re-
gard root crops as practically out
of the question because of our
cheap, rich land and high
wages; also, because of our dry eli
mate. never knew an Englishman or
OcOUUurueOru, II he came to this
country fully believing in roots, to
stick to them long after he got here.
The environment is against him. Roots
require too much hand labor in rails
ing, handling and feeding, and wages
are too high summer and fall Our
climate is not adapted to raising them
like that of England, and our winters
are too cold to hurdle sheep on tur-
nips and let them eat them in the
ground, and our soil is too rich to
stimulate to this mode of enriching it.
If we are to have relish, l think en-
silage is cheaper and better than roots.
7 ~ 4, fo,,4;o -, 4, l. 5000