davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
DOMINIC THE SISTERS HABIT.
Thirty Five Young Ladies Assume the Garb
of Holiness at Glen Riddle.


ESPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE pIsPArcH.I
PHILADELPHIA, August 26-At st. Fran
cis' Convent, Glen Riddle. the mother house Of
the Sisters of St Vincent In this country, IS
young ladies to-day took the religious habit
and "A others made their profession
This number is the largest that has ever
entered a convent at one time in this part of
the country. The early trains from tins city
were crowded with clergy and relatives Of the
candidates. The ceremonies, which were most
solemn and impressive, began at 8 o'clock
and lasted until l in the afternoon
The church was decorated with the choicest
flowers and the five affairs were brilliantly
Illuminated with hundreds OF candles. At o
o'clock the long procession of candidates,
dressed as young brides, wearing wreaths and
carrying lighted tapers in their hands, formed
in front of the convent and slowly walked
toward the church. They were met by a pro-
cession of priests, wearing cassocks and sur
plices.
As the priests and young ladies took their
places in the church, choir
of 20 Sisters sang the "Veni Creator"
The habits. cards, crosses and rosaries were
then blessed, after which solemn high mass
was begun, the celebrant being Rev. Bernard
A Litz, c. S. R, pastor of st. Bonifacius
with Rev. Bernard Dornhege, pastor of st.
Elizabeth's, as deacon; Rev T. Fariss, C.Ss. R.,
of New York, as sub-deacon, and Rev. J. G.
Frederick as master of ceremonies. Rev.
Father Litz preached the sermon.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
A FIGHT WITH, A BIG BIRD.
Desperate Struggle Between q PhiIn delphia
Oarsman aud a Huge Crane.

Desperate Struggle Between q Philadelphia
Oarsman aud a Huge Crane.
PHILADELPHIA, August GA desperate
fight took place on the Schuylkill river near
the Girard avenue bridge yesterday afternoon
between a member of the Iona Boat Club, who
was out for an evening pull, and crane. About
y O'Clock, when the members of the different
clubs began to 60 out on the river, a large bird
was seen to drop into the water near the Girard
avenue bridge. One of the members of the
Iona Boat Club started to capture the bird, but
when within a boats length the crane showed
fight.
When near enough the oarsman reached for
the bird but it made an attack with its wings
and bill, clipping the flesh from the young
mans hand and beating him about the head.
The boatman tried, to beat 1t down with the
oar, but the crane would not give up and fought
desperately, tearing the oarsman's clothes and
biting the flesh of his hands. The fight was
watched with intense interest by many people
who had gathered on the shore. Finally after
a severe struggle the crane was captured and
got into the boat and bound with q cord. The
bird was sent to the Geological Garden, with a
request that it be named sullivan"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
DIAMONDS WILL 60 UP.
Trust Formed to Control the Mines and
Restrict the Oufpuf.

Restrict the Output.
Nnw YORK. August 2s.-A big Diamond
Trust is reported from South Africa, and an
enormous rise in the price of the stones is pre-
dicted In the near future. This information
was given yesterday by Carl II. Kregor, of the
Orange Free State. South Africa. who arrived
at this port on the Umbria last Sunday. He
states that the combine" which consists of
five immensely wealthy diamond diggers, is
buying up all the various diamond mining COM
panies around Kimberley, Cape Colony. the
center of the trade. It Is the intention of the
trust, when everything Is under its control, to
so reduce the mining that the output Of stones
will be very small, when . corner will be pro-
duced and the prices 60 bounding upward in
consequence.
There is said to be practically no limit to the
resources OF the members of the new trust, and
they can carry all before them. There are only
two independent companies now at work at
Kimberley, all the others having been pur-
chased by the trust and shut down. These two
are said to be already nearly under the control
of the trust, and will probably soon be entirely
secured. Thousands Of workmen will be thrown
out of employment by the shutting down of
the mines. but the trust will reap golden
harvest.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

position is hardly tenable. But if the
sufferers from hay fever derive any conso-
lation from the doctrine that they are tor
tured in the body because their souls are
stout, they may entertain it privately. If
they publish it to the world they run the
risk of fbeing scoffed at by the ungodly nom
sneezera
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

The St. Louis Globe Democrat remarks
in rather disappointed tone that it has not
"heard OF any Democrats claiming Iowa. T"
Something of that sort was legitimately
called for to balance the Globe Democrats
recent feat in claiming Missouri for the Re-
publicans
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Panic on n Ferryboaf.

As the Coney Island annex boat, Charles
Sill. was leaving her pier in Jersey City about
3P. M. to-day, a cloud Of black smoke rushed
up from the hold through the engine room.
There were about dozen passengers, all but
two of whom were women. When they saw
the smoke they screamed and ran to the guard
rails. as If to jump overheard, but the deck
hands persuaded them to be quiet. The engineer
backed the boat down tc the Adams Express
pier. Meanwhile, passengers on the ferry
boats lying in the slips had heard the women
scream, and added TO the excitement by
screaming fire. Several tugs with fire hose
steamed to the boat few minutes afterward
and the fire was extinguished. The passengers
went to shore safely. One woman tainted. The
fire was extinguished before 500 damage had
been done. 1t was caused by pile of waste
under the engine room coming in contact with
the firebox.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

GENERAL ALGER is stated to be sure of
the election of Commander-in-Chie of the
G. A. R. 1t is to be hoped that this election
is a more economical one than the canvass
of the same ambitious millionaire for the
Presidency last year. -
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
IRON FREIGHTs ADVANCED.
Piftsburg Affected by the Central Trn nc
Associations Work.

CHICAGO, August B.-The Iron Committee
of the Central Traffic Association met to-day
and agreed that. taking effect September l6,
rates articles OF iron and steel between points
in the territory of the Association shall be on
basis of fifth class in less than car
loads and sixth class in car loads. This is an
rates between Buffalo and Chicago l711 cents a
hundred pounds on less than carload ship
ments. and l5 cents when shipped in car load
lots. 1t was also agreed that the rates on pig
iron shall be advanced to the basis of 81 so q
ton Pittsburg to Chicago, and 81 20 from the
Mahoning Valley to Chicago, with correspond
ing advances from other points.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Sensible Boston Girls.

FrOm OFtdH.I
The Boston girls are not emigrating to " ASH
ington Territory and Idaho to find husbands
They propose to marry in the old way after an
old-fashioned courtship or not marry at ALL
The Boston girls are sensible. The girl that
jumps into grab-bag to find husband doesn't
discover her mistake until the string is drawn
and she made fast to . life of misery.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
that the deadly car stove must 90. Better
late than never.

The respective arguments Of New York
and Chicago, showing that neither is the
proper site for the Worlds Fair, are con-
vincing. They drive the unprejudiced part
of the country to the conclusion that the
exposition must be located at Washington.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

The announcement that the BARRIERS of
the city are going to talk up .union-made
cigars to their customers while shaving
them, looks like dark and deep scheme to
prejudice the customers of the barber shops
against union cigars.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

IF the policy of attacking witnesses
whose testimony is expected to secure the
conviction of the Cronin murderers is con-
tinued at Chicago, it may result in an in
definite enlargement of the list of people
who are eligible for the gallows.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THE Payne-McLean wing of the Ohio
Democracy turns out to have its usual
strong grip on the throttle of the machine.
This fact is sufficient to explain why the
platform Of that party confines IFS denuncia-
tiOn to the trusts that are supported by the
tariff
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
AN INSANE MANS TRANSACTIONS.
He Purchases 80 Houses and Defrauds q
Number of People.

Number of People.
ESPECIAL TELxGRAN TO THE DIsPATcH.i
MEDFoRD, MASS, August 28.-Charles
Lowering was arrested this morning by Chief
of Police Holmes for insanity. Lowering, who
is a jeweler by trade. few months ago secured
a patent on a diamond setting that was worth
several Thousand dollars, but 1t is alleged
New York firm. in whose favor the patent was
granted by Lowering, deprived him of the pro-
ceeds of the patent. This is said to have made
him partly insane. and during the past week he
secured 500 worth Of diamonds and jewelry
from the Boston Loan Company. which he
pawned and obtained money. He has also pur-
chased 30 houses during the past week in yari.
Gus parts Of Medford. promising to pay tn 9
cash when deeds were obtained. and those from
whom he purchased never suspected that he
was not an right until they brought the deeds
to him. He stated that he had $4,000 deposited
in Boston bank. He has also purchased sew
eral horses and carriages and other goods. He
viii be taken to the Danvers' asylum to-day.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
STILL WAITING ON LYON.
The Department Has Sent No Agent 20 In
vestigate the Jeanneffe Case.

vestigate the Jeanneffe Case.
ESPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE prsrAroH.i
WASHINGTON, August 2s.-The small rem
nant Of responsible officials at the Treasury De-
partment are kept awake these days answer
ing questions raised by Misrepresentation of
the conduct Of the department in regard to
the Jeanette glassblowers' case. Several pa
pers have had it that District Attorney Lyon
had recommended that Chambers & Mckee be
fined s., 900 in each case of the Is glassblowers,
and that the department had reversed his de-
cision. The latest canard is that a special
agent of the Treasury had been sent on to in
vesrigate the case. This came from a remark
of Assistant Secretary Batcheller to a cor
respondent that special agent had been sent.
But Mr.. Batcheler referred to Mr.. Robert d.
Layton and not TO any special agent sent from
this city. Up to the present time there has
been no thought of sending other Investigators
than those on the ground, who are deemed per-
fectly competent for the work. Information
asked of District Attorney Lyon is expected
within a few days and then the department.
will soon set the matter at rest.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

WE are pleased to observe that the rivalry
of Minneapolis and st. Paul is to be fought
out in the baseball field. By that means
the supremacy of the Northwest may be
expected to be settled, even if it kills an
umpire
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
REMARKABLY GOOD SHOOTING.
Records Made by Cavalrymen Not Likely to
be Surpassed.

RecOrds Nfnde DS CuVu1ryneu MOI LIKELY 20
be Surpassed.
ESPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE DrsP ArcH.i
FORT wNGATE, N. NJ, August 8.-The
second day of known distance firing in the do
partments of Arizona and California Cavalry
competition opened to-day under favorable
auspices The weather was we'll adapted to
shooting The scores made this morning are
hardly credible with carbine, and so far ex-
ceed any shooting ever made at this post by
either cavalry or infantry,ssth they probably
will not be beaten in the army
The officers and men are quite eiated over
the success of the cavalry branch Of the SER
vice. Forty.ive and 46 points were common
occurrences at all ranges while. at the 500-yard
range, Lieutenant w. F. Littlebrant, of the
cavalry made As points out of q possible So
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Be, They, won,t whistle.

From the Chicago News.l
The pretty girls Of Milwaukee whom Uncle
Teoumseh Sherman is preparing to kiss can
scare away the gallant old gentleman if they
like by whistling marching Through Georgia.
every time he approaches.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THERE are very strong indications that if
Wall street is hard up, Wall street can get
money by taking off point or two from
the very steep premium that it wishes the
Government to pay for its bonds.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
A waste Of Good Barrels.

From the Providence Journal.1
A fool and barrel have made the trip
through the Niagara rapids, and neither were
materially injured. as the barrel was on the
outside and took all the hard knocks. The
only danger attending these experiments 10
that the barrel is sometimes lost
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

A DEMOCRATIC State Convention with
out contest in the Allegheny county dele
cation would be like the play of Hamlet
with Hamlet left out.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Grnpe seed. Killed Him.

MoRRIsrowN, IND, August 2s-Rush wag-
oner, aged IA. son OF Riley Wagner, farmer
living east of here, died from the effects Of
swallowing grape seeds. s.which are supposed to
have lodged in the intestines and caused in
fammation.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THE potters' combination may find, if it
proposes to put up prices, that outside COM
petition may make the combination as
preakable as its output.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Habits Easily Acquired.

From the Chicago Tribune.1
Practice is not always necessary to make
perfect. A big black bass knows exactly how
to worry o fisherman the first time it takes the
hook. The fisherman, moreover. can tell as
big lie about his exploits the first time he
tries as he learns to do by years of practice.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Wait and See.

From the Alta California;
Figures will not lier' Just wait till the cities
of the West give in their census returns.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
One Trust Smashed.

From the Philadelphia Times.
The Crockery Trust is broken. It ran up
against the Servant Girl Trust
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THE German and Russian ROYALTIES do
not wish to have uncertainty about the fact
that they are biting their thumbs at each
other
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THE West Virginia Democrats appar-
emily do not-care who casts the votes of the
people SO long as they can do the counting
out.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Cros.ed the oseau nj a6.

SHAMoKIN, August 28.-Mrs. James Clark
has just arrived in Shamokin from England.
She is likely one Of the oldest persons that ever
crossed the ocean. being born in 1898. She was
the object of great interest during the voyage.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

ANOTHER gobble by the Frick company
looks as if that corporation will soon own
about all that there is in sight in the coke
region
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THE Prohibitionists' determination to
keep up the fight is an earnest of their in
tention to maintain the doctrine of the per-
severance of the saints.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
DEATHS OF A DAY.
WaIter a. Laxgetf.

NEW HAVEN, CONN.,. August 2s.-walter A.
LeErett, . New Haven lawyer, who was taken TO
the hospital here on Sunday critically Ill with ty-
phoid pnetuonia, died last night. Mr..Leegeft
was 1t one time member ot the New York Coun-
ty Republicsn Committee.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THOSE 16O Belgian glass blowers are now
rising to vex the souls of the anti-imported
labor officials.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
NEWS OF THE METROPOLIS.
NEW YORK BUREAU srEcIALs.l
A Reception 70 Depew.


NEW YoRK, August 2&-The friends Of DIR.
Chauncey Mitchell Depew propose to give him
a grand reception upon his arrival home from
Europe about the middle Of next month. The
leader of the movement in favor Of . great
political Depew demonstration IL A. r Whit
ney, Depew's doppelganger. Usually the well
corners Of Depew on his returns from his yearly
European trips have been chiefly officers and
employees of the New York Central Railroad.
Last September A. r. Whitney tried to get up
a demonstration which would equal that
which greeted James g. Blaine last August
Just as Mr.. Whitney and his friends were In
the height of preparations for grand naval
and land parade. Mr.. Depew cabled from Lon
don that demonstration would be distasteful
to him. He was afraid that the demonstration
would be regarded as consolation for his de-
feat In the Chicago convention His friends
think now, however, that his welcome can be
made an enthusiastic greeting 20 a political
leader who has great future before him, and
unless he objects he will have . big boat to
meet him in the bay, big political dinner, and
big boom for the Presidential nomination
in l892
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

LoNDoN's great strike continues to swell
to dimensions which are uncomfortable alike
to the English employers and the American
free-traders
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Killed Himself for Love.

Adolph Neumann. Hungarian cigarmaker.
IS years old, shot himself through the head on
top of a lumber pile. near the East river, this
morning. His body was discovered BY pedes-
trian who saw an arm. streaked with blood,
dangling over the edge of the pile, and climbed
up to learn to whom the arm belonged. Neu-
mann killed himself because girl Tilted him
and he was out OF money and work.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

AT Bethlehem day or two since. as North
Pennsylvania baggage car was crossing the
bridge over the Lehigh, trunk fell out Of il,
hit a boat on the river and was knocked to
pieces. The boat was not damaged
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
AIdrich's Spite Against Mansfield.

Louis Aldrich, the actor, intends to prevent
the admission at the Custom House of the Inn
ported costumes of Richard Mansfield. These
costumes arrived here to-day. Mr.. Mansfield
proposes to use them in Richard Ill" Usually
q foreign theatrical manager when he imports
costumes gives a bond at the Custom House.
and therein agrees to return the costumes event
ually to the country from which they came.
Mr.. Aldrich will try to prevent the acceptance
of such bond from Mr.. Mansfield.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
What Statisticians Sny.

Some Of the causes for divorce recorded as
sufficient in the eye of certain law courts: Case
l. She wouldn't sew on his buttons. q She
pulled him out of bed by his whiskers. 8. She
wouldn't walk out with him on Sundays. and
threw a teapot at him rather than GO.
e. She refused to eat, pretending to be
sick: threw dishes out of the wiudow-and,
whyf Simply because he, the monster, would
sow grass seed in August 8. She gave him a
heavy blow with her bustle
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
A Wine Importers Suicide.

Martin Armenian. a wealthy wine importer,
shot himself dead in the cellar under his wine
room last night. His body was found by one
Of his employees this morning. Beside it were
a box full of cartridges and revolver, which
Mr.. Arnemann bought this afternoon. The
motive Of the suicide is o mystery. Mr.. Arne-
mann was prosperous in business, in fine
health and lived happily with his wife and four
children. He was prominent member Of the
Arion Society, the Goethe lodge Of Free
masons and some Is other organizations.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

THE Baltimore and Ohio Railroad puts
itself in the line Of progress by declaring
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

Jeremiah Callahan is 50 years Of age. six feet
tall and weighs 200 pounds. HIS son James, 25
years Of age. is still heavier and taller. Last
night young Callahan went home drunk and
struck his father across the forehead with q
boot. Callahan. ST., knocked him down with a
stool, fracturing his skull. The father and son
then clinched and fought and bled all over the
rooms of the Callahan family. They were ar
rested. Old Callahan is in Jail. Young Callahan
is in hospital, and his recoveryis doubtful.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
AFortunnte Humoriat,

From the st. Paul Pioneer Press.i
Chauncey n. Depew's annual income is Sl25,.
00o II man can't be funny on sl25 200 year
there's no humor in him.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

A FuLbGRowN watermelon with an encasad
horse shoe may be seen at H. B. Campoelrs
hardware stdpe in Middletown. near harris
burg.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

Mr.. CoFTMAN, Of Phenixville, Pa, who
while lending hand to lift bar Of iron on .
former occasion had al end nipped OF finger.
which was sewed on again, has had the same
end nipped on again by a similar mishap. and
hopes to save 1t, as usual
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
Is Prince Russell with Judgef

Some weeks ago Judge published cartoon
in which President Harrison was represented
as God with all the big Republicans in abiect
positions before him. Ugly comments were
passed upon the cartoon as being . rather re-
markable production for a paper with which
the Presidents son was connected Mr.. Arkell
published an explanatory card to the effect
that Russell B. Harrison was not connected In
any way with Judge. This afternoon this mott
fcation was received at several newspaper
offices In the city:
DEAR SIR: Mr.. Russell b. Harrison is returning
from Europe on the City Of Paris, due here
Wednesday next and number of his co-laborers
on Judge and Frank Lestie's Illustrated Ns,os-
paper intend going down to Quarantine on the
steamer Laura M. starin to meet him. We shall
be very glad to have you, If It Is impossible for
you to 60 personally, . representative OF your
paper, accompany us on the trip.
Very truly yours
(signed) W. J. ARKELL.
An afternoon paper suggests that 1t may tax
Mr.. Arkeips ingenuity to harmonic the state
ments Of the cards in question.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29

Canads's Hard Lsck.
From the Montreal essstte.l
Politicians abound, but statesmen are fewi
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
A LITTLE BUNDLE IN A RAG.
1t Contniued Nearly S400 Which Was
Thrown Into the Fire.

PEK1N, ILL.,, August 8-To-day while Mrs.
Fred Stafford was cleaning up her house she
found a little bundle tied up in rag and
thinking it was trash threw 1t into the fire. 1t
turned out to be roll of S385 in greenbacks
rolled about a $40 gold-piece. The latter was
all that was saved.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1889-08-29
TRI.STATE TRIFLES.

SHERIFF BURKHoLDER at Lancaster pre-
sented to Judge Livingston, on behalf of Abe
Buzzard, . handsome gavel, made by Buzzard,
as token of his regard for the Judge for hav-
ing sentenced him to the Eastern Penitentiary
where he has learned a useful trade,