Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-05-11
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.


~ Il CfOSS III It's SStuS- ~ Woth Ah~
diligently therefore, the operator must
decide what staminates are selected
for operating on them. As an exam
pie we mention the mode adopted by
Amos Miller of Carlisle, Pa, in origin
ating the Cumberland, one of the most
valuable and popular sorts. More than
a fourth of mile from any other wild
or cultivated sort he set plant of the
Green Prolific, pistillate, which was
surrounded with circle of Juncunda.
The seeds of all the berries of this
| Green Prolific were consequently
crosses of the two sorts. A large num-
Der of these crosses We're raised, the
best one Of which was the Cumberland.
An interesting paper on the subject
! of raising new varieties was read by
4 F. w. London, before the Wisconsin
( horticultural Society, in which he
/ gives his experience for the past thirty
years. After briefly abiding to the
successful achievements of G. Nj. Hovey
of Boston, Wilson of Albany, Long
worth of Cincinnati, Dover of Ken
lucky. Boyden and Durand of New
Jersey, Parmelee of Connecticut,
Crawford of Ohio, Sharpless of Penn
/ sylvania, and others, who have given
us the Hoyey, McAvoy's Superior,
Wilson, Downing. Crescent and other
sorts, he states that he began his ex-
periments with the seeds from two
quarts of berries, and at the end of five
years had 100000 Seeding plants in
bearing He was astonished ut the
endless variety in character which
they exhibited, no two plants being
alike. Very large berries had but
few ON a plant; profuse bearers gave
I small berries. The result on the whole
was not satisfactory, and he found
that he had not made much progress.
Since then he has used the seeds from
the various large new sorts, and has
succeeded better. He has bought
every new sort offered for sale at high
/ prices, conscious at the time that nine
of them out of the ten would prove q
failure. He says: II confess to u
weakness in this respect rather like
TO be humbugged." He wanted them
to raise new sorts from them, and to
avoid breeding in-and-in.H
Afterward he changed his method,
and adopted one which he says was
more scientific. To propagate from a
staminate which possessed the most de-
sirable qualities, be cut out sta1nens
with pair of small pointed scissors,
and selecting one with an unlike berry
that had other desirable qualities, col
lected the pollen on Il camers hair
brush from the anthers, applied it to
the stignas at the summit Of the
pistils. The flowers were then covered
to prevent the bees from interfering.
. More recently he has adopted still
another mode, attended with less
trouble and better success. He selects
the sorts to be prOpagated from, and
root plants in small pots from runners
by the usual way. These are afterward
changed to eight-inch pots, kept in the
cellar during winter, and early in
spring placed in a hot bed. They
bloom two or three weeks before out
door plants, and escape their pollen.
When half grown the berries are thin.
: ned to three of the best ON each plant
They are allowed to ripen to decay, ia
{ insure good seed. These are kept til
the following spring, sOwn in eight.
inch pots in sharp. clear sand, the SEED
being pressed when sown with the
q bottom of another pot, and watered
with a very fine rose. The pots are
/ then set in u frame, covered witt
sash and shaded with lath. The
sand Is kept Damp. In twelve days tbs
2 new plants appear like green speck;
the size of pin heads. When the leave!
are as large as ones thumb nail. they
: are set in open ground. Mr.. London
4 says he never pets his seedlings.
q The soil is stirred once q week, anC
: only one runner allowed to each. They
: are covered with straw in winter. Al
the new plants ripen their berries
: going through the rows and examining
Il them is attended with charm anC
r fascination. A quantity Of sharp point
! cd sticks arc carried in one hand, OF
which the result is written and place;
: at each selected plant. When thu
g fruiting season is over about eight pc
II cent. are found thus reserved, and al
# the rest are cut up--which Mr. l.. re
Il CARDS as a cruel operation, many o
!, these rejected ones being superior Il
= the hundreds he has bought of other
g and paid two or three dollars a dozel
for. He believes the blood in tn
varieties which he has originated i
Y, entirely free from the faint Of rust Tn
70 selected plants are fortified with ma
q nure, well cultivated, and ten to twent
/ raised of each variety, for further eX
N animation.
1t Those who raise new varieties, an
p those who purchase new ones, wit
e high prices and laudatory names
% should bear in mind that the high cul
e ture of costly plants usually gives muc
ie finer berries than the same kind afte
le they become cheap and common
v Hence the reason that new sort SUI
is viving more than five, or ct most te
#. years, is rare exception. The la,
- edition of the American Fruit Culturi'
= gives list Of more than fifty varietie
y which were famous thirty years age
to which are now almost entirely forgo
50 gen. But the hundreds OF cultivi
OF tors who are now raising new one
may find some really valuable and dul
able sorts out OF the hundreds OF thol
ia sand which are annually produced.
4. Practical Farmer.
&c Corns in Horses Feet.
en- A correspondent of the practices
=. Ia,.r,e,. ts,,.ifas. Horeez with fat fec