The Appeal., 1889-12-07

feet the organization of the department SO
that 1t fairly realizes the expectations which
ats creation excited. In this connection atten-
ton is called to suggestions contained in the
report OF the Secretary.
It is also recommended that the weather serv-
ice be separated from the War Department and
established as bureau in the Department. Of
Agriculture This, he says, will involve an
entire reorganization both Of the Weather Bu-
a purely civil organization, while the other will
be purely military. ~
THE WORLDS FAIR.
anniversary Of the discovery OF America by the
opening of o Worlds Fair or exposition in some
one Of our great cities will be presented for the
consideration OF Congress The value @ and in.
promotion of the general Government.
: THE CIVIL SERVICE.
t n
question, and after detailing the facts regarding
the appointment OF the present commission the
President says that the reform of the civil
service will make no safe or satisfactory ad-
vance until the present law and its equal ad-
ministration are we'll established in the con-
fdence Of the people. The message then con-
The duty Of appointment is devolved by the
constitution or by the law, and the appointing
ity in it's exercise. The growth Of the country
and the consequent increase of the civil list
have magnifed this function. of the Executive
disproportionately. Itcan not be denied, however,
that the labor connected with this necessary
work is increased often to the point of actual
distress, by the sudden and excessive demands
that are made upon an increasing administra-
ton for removals and appointments. But, on
the other hand, it is not true that incumbency
is conclusive argument for q continuance
in office. Impartiality, moderation, fidelity
discharge of it must be added before the argu-
ment is complete. When those holding admin
istrative offices so conduct themselves as to
consideration or bias affects in any way the dis
charge OF their public duties we can more easily
stay the demand for removals.
I am satisfied that both in and out Of the
classified service great benefit would accrue
from the adoption of some system by which the
5otficer would receive the distinction and benefit
that in all private employment comes from ex-
ceptional faithfulness and efficiency in the per.
sformance of duty.
Not;oro, aid AID TO ERgcA91GS
the form of land grants. In that form the
power of Congress- to promote the education of
the people is not questioned. do not think it
can be successfully questioned when the form is
from the public Treasury. Such aid should be,
as it always has been, suggested by some ex.
ceptional conditions.
The sudden emancipation of the slaves the
bestowal Of the suffrage which soon followed
and the impairment OF the ability Of the States
be adequately provided with educational facili-
exampled condition: That the situation has
doubt: The ability and interest Of the the
States have happily increased, but great
work remains to be done, and think the gen
eral Government should lend it's aid. AS the
suggestion of National grant in aid OF educa-
tion grows chiefly out of conditions and needs of
the emancipated slave and his descendants, the
relief should as far as possible while necessarily
proceeding upon some general lines, be applied
to the need that suggested it. 1t is essential If
much good Is to be accomplished that the SYM
pathy and active interest of the people of the
on1iSta6 n6 h at fha of thO6c
adopted should be such as to stimulate and not
to supplant local taxation for school purposes.
one in such a case and as the effort must in
some degree be experimental I recommend
that any appropriation made for this purpose
be so limited in annual amount and as to the
time over which it is to extend as will on the
one hand give the local school authorities op.
portunity to make the best use Of the first
years allowance, and on the other deliver them
from the temptation to unduly postpone the as.
sumption of the whole burden themselves
RACE TROUBLES IN THE SOUTH.
Referring to the race troubles in the South
people have been interfered with when attempt
ing to vote, the President begins by paying q
high tribute to the industry and capability of
the colored people; He continues:. ,,
In many parts of our country where the col
ored population Is large the people Of that race
are, by various devices deprived Of any effective
their civil rights The wrong does not expend
itself upon those whose votes are suppressed.
Every constituency in the Union is wronged.
sense Of Justice and Of respect for the law would
work a gradual cure OF the fiagrante evils. Sure
ly no one supposes that the present can be &C
that these communications must work
out out this pro problem for themselves We
anyo has at wdF rsRt upon TO fE M Do hay asy
any solution? When and under what conditions
is the black man to have a free ballot? When
is he in fact, to have those full civil rights
III oh hnrYn
that equality OF influence which our form OF
Government has intended to secure to the elec.
tors to be restored? This generation shall
and not leave them as a heritage of woe to the
next. The consultation should proceed with
candor, calmness and great patience; upon tho
lines of justice and humanity, not Of prejudice
| and cruelty. No question in our country can be
at rest except upon the firm basis of Justice and
earnestly invoke the attention OF Congress
to the consideration Of such measures within
it's well-dehned constitutional powers as will
secure to all our people a free exercise OF the
right OF suffrage and every other civil right
under our constitution and laws.
... OUR MERCHANT MARINE. -
There is nothing more Justly humiliating to
the 1, National pride and nothing more hurtful to
our merchant marine as compared with those
OF other nations where general resources
wealth and sea,coast lines do not suggest any
It is not possible in this communication to dis
cuss the causes ofthe decay OF our shipping in.
terests or the different methods by which 1t is
ship Anes sailing under the flags OF En-.
gland, France, Germany, Spain and Italy
and sngsged al IN @ foreign commerce @ wsrs
low are liberalfy aided by grants of public mon
ey In one form or another. American lines of
steamships have been abandoned by us to an
unequal contest with the aided lines of other
nations until they have been Withdrawn. or, in
the few cases where they are still maintained,
are subject to serious disadvantages.
recommend that such appropriations he
made for ocean mail service in American steam
ships between our ports and those Of Central
and South America, China Japan, and the i'm
portant ISLANDS @ in both Of the great
as will encourage the establishment
al ana in some tair degree equalize the chances
t1ons which they must meet. We should also
make provision for naval reserve, to consist
struction and of a specltied tonnage and speed
as the owners will consent to place at the use
of the Government, in case of need, as armed
cruisers. zz. ,-.
I am an advocate of economy in our National
expenditures, but It is Il misuse OF terms to
make this word describe a policy that withholds
san expenditure for the purpose Of extending our
foreign commerce. The enlargement and i'm
provement of our merchant marine, the
development OF sufficient body OF
trained American seamen. the promotion Of
rapid and regular mail communication between
the ports OF other, countries and our own and
the adoption of large and swift American naer-
chant steamships to naval uses, In time OF war,
are public purposes of the highest con.
Germ. The enlarged participation of our
people IN the carrying trade, the new and in.
creased markets that will be opened for the
products of our farms and factories and the
fuller and better employment OF our mechanics
which Will result from a liberal promotion Of
our foreign commerce, insure the widest possi-
bic diffusion of benefit TO all the States and to
all our people. Every thing Is most propitious
for the present Inauguration OF liberal and
progressive policy upon this subje CT and we
should enter upon it with promptl.ess and de-
cision. r&- 4 E&stf.G 5 80 4 +
The legislation which have suggested, it's
sincerely believed. will promote the peace and
honor of our country and the prasperity and .;e-