davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11
HEAVY STEEL RAILS.

Increasing Weight OG E"g' 'nes and Creator
speed Make lho" Necessary.
The ninety-pound steel rails which
the Philadelphia 4 Reading railroad
has laid on portions OF its Bound
Brook route are probably the heaviest
in use within the United States. They
are necessitated BY the steadily-in-
creasing weight Of engines md the de-
velopment Of speed which mark the
times We live In.
Accompanying the development Of
the railroad in this country" said
Chief Engineer Nichols Of the Read
ing road. ''thcrc has been q steady
development Of the rail- In the carly
days Of railroading the trains ran on q
thin band Of iron. which was fastened
to a strip Of timber. Out Of this grew
one of the early forms Of railroad ac-
cideut The rail 'snaked up as it
was called; that is. the end sprang up
from the wooden support. and As train
came along it was caught by the
wheel and forced through the bottom
OF the car. often impaling passengers.
Then the rail assumed its present gen.
eral form. but was much lighter than
now. The first rails laid on our main
line to Reading in the thirties, weighed
only IS pounds to the yard. The
weight was gradually increased until.
in the development Of the railroad sys-
tenn. steel rails ca,ns into use. The
first steel rails that we laid was on the
Mahanoy branch. and weighed about
Sc pouads to the yard. From that time
on we have been putting in use rails
,mOre and more massive 60. 81 and 20
pounds. and now finally the Bethle-
hem IRON works have furnished US with
q 9O.round rail. These rails have been
laid where the travel is heaviest At
some points along the road where the
line Is telerably straight our trains fro
quently 60 at . speed Of seventy-6ve
mil e. an hour. There is tremendous
wear and tear when the modern Amer
icau engine goes at this rate. and
hence the need Of rail that will yield
just ~ little rs possible"
Said another Official: Tho 90
pound rail 10 by no means the heaviest
in the world. In Canada ] under
stand. trial is being made Of 100 0-pound
rails Better still. on some OF the
English roads l20-pound rail il not
unknown. The need OF heavy raile Is
greater in England than in this coun-
try for one reason. at least There
railroads are straighter than here. and
greater speed can be attained and
heavier wear and tear result
Inquiry 1t the Pennsylvania railroad
Office showed that the heaviest rail in
use on that line weighs Is pounds to
the yard. II is considered very heavy.
and is placed At points where particu-
larly fast time is made. The average
weight OF rails used il about ~ pounds.
which is the average weight on the
Reading road . we'll -PhiladelPLi"
8so0ed
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11
New Remedy for Eczema.

"A unique remedy for eczema and
other cutaneous diseases" says the
London Hospital. lis Hebra's water
bed. or rather. to define it accurately.
continual bath. The patisnt lives en-
tirely in his bath, eats. drinks and
sleeps there till he is we'll One pa
tieut was kept in such q bath for S65
days. Think Of this! More than .
year of washing day! 1t is enough to
make any one hate the sight Of water
for ever. There Is . slight danger Of
the patient slipping entirely under
water in his sleep and drowning; but it
is usual to pass . bandage under HE
arms and fasten it. 90 ~ to support
the upper part Of the body on the in
clined part Of the bath on which the
head rests. The palms and soles be-
come white and shrivelcd like wash
erwoman's hands. but the skin Of other
parts Of the body does not suffer. and
the treatment is said 70 be very efica-
cious in severe burns Whep the pa-
tient first gets into the bed. the tom.
perature is IS deg, but as he gets
used to it 1t il raised by degrees to 90
deg"
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11
MILITARY TRIBUNALS
How Ceuer,l aud Ga<rs ~~ COasts- ess'e'
Are. Os IuS e'A

Rov Genera, aud Gse<rs IN Courts Nsssses
Are Z Om iuS s'@
Tho Articles of War provide 'or
the trial by courts-martial Of all per-
sous under the control Of the military
authorities Of the country who may %
accused Of Offenses committed asai7ss
the regulations and laws enacted :or
the government Of the armies OF the
United States. Unlike the practice in
civil life. the combined powers OF both
Judge and jury are vested IN the officers
composing court-martial. they dciio-
Grating upon the evidence OF the wit
nesses. determining rs to the guilt or
innocence of the defendants. and pass
Ing sentence upon culprits. An officer
Is appointed as Judge-Advocate. whose
duties are to conduct the prosecution
as we'll as to act as counsel for the ac-
cused when the latter has no legal 3D.
wiser Of his own. and to object to any
questions that might lead to an answer
on the part of the defendant tending TO
criminate himself.
SO-called general courts-martiai nre
convened for the hearing and jnds-
ment Of important cases and for tho
trialsOf commissioned officers. and may
be appointed by any general ofncor
commanding q separate army or de-
partm mt. Such court consists OF
thirteen members, unless tho exigen-
cies OF the service prevent the assem-
bling Of that number Of officers; but In
no case may a general court have less
than five members
Garrison and re ,imental cOurts-mar-
tial. having three members. are ap-
pointed by the commanding officer OF
any post or regiment. and are con-
vened for the trial Of minor ofenses on
the part OF any OF the enlisted men
forming the command. As the law
now stands. even the slightest infringe
ment Of the rules Of discipline calls for
action by . cOurt-marti.il. and such
petty breaches Of good conduct. as ab-
seuce from roll-call or from quarters
after TAPS" slovenly or untidy dress,
QUAR- lsom. or abusive language to
comrades or non-cOmm;ssioned officers,
etc.. the penalty for which is usually
the imposition Of . slight 6us to be
stopped from the soldiers ply. are
treated with all the form aud cere-
unny Of trials for grave oaenses. The
sworn testimony Of the witnesses. ac-
cording TO the rules OF evidence. must
be reduced to writing. and a report
made Of the proceedings in each case.
rs the regulations prohibit the execu-
tiOu Of any 8 ,ntences by court-msr-
tial until its action is confirmed by the
officer ordering the court When the
fact is taken into consideration that
according TO the report Of Colonel
Lieber. Acting Judge-AdvOcate-(;en-
eral. there were lO.iH trials before
garrison courts during the past year In
IN army the total peice footing OF
which is limited by Law TO \ force OF
but 25. coo mn. it would seem that .
system less cumbersome and less irk-
some to both officer and men might be
devised by which petty violations OF
regulations could be punished sum-
marily without injustice to the sol
dier.-uarpers Weekly.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11

An old offender. who appeared In
tho Washington ID. C.) police court
the other day. charged with being
drunk and disorderly. remarked to tho
Judge: Il am going to stop drinking.
but thought before doing 10. ! would
20 on ono good drunk. Now ! am
done. have paid nearly tS.CO0 In
fines In this court and lost about
5000 more by loss Of work whom sr-
rested" The court imposed further
dne Of IS.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11
WOMEN IN AFRICA.


31ovolero Who Arr Euthusiostlc Ovoe ~
Charms q" the Fair sex.
The explorer. Won Francois. was en-
gagged . while ago sketching an Afri-
can village. which was . little out Of
the common because all the houses
were built on platforms which kept
them out Of reach Of high water when
the river overAowed its banks. While
engaged with his sketch. he says. his
attention was suddenly riveted by "a
black beauty" Many Caucasian Ia
dies. he thinks. could we'll envy this
primitive maiden for her skill in the
arts Of coquetry a. she poised her head
now on this side. now on that. and
paced daintily to and fro along tho
shore. using her big black eyes all the
while TO the best advantage One would
hardly notice the fact, he says. that
she was very scantily attirsd 90 we'll
was tho ack Of clothing supplied
by elaborate and beautiful tattooing
and long strings Of cowrie shells.
which she wore around her neck and
body. while a girdle encircled her
waist Altogether. he thought che
was one Of the most picturesque and
attractive objects he had seen in
Africa
Several recent travellers have spoken
In quite complimentary and apprecia.
tive language Of some Of tho ladies
they have met in Africa Becker had
not gone inland one hundred miles
from Zanzibar before he was express
ing his admiration for the young and
really pretty negresses and their At
tractive fOrms." W course he had
plenty of opportunity ~ observe that
''their shoulders are round and ele-
CANT. their arms are exquisitely mold
ed. and their forms are quite perfect"
'.Our brown beauties" he adds. ''were
not particularly shy. but ut the same
time they were quite reserved. They
would ask us timidly for permission to
pass their hands over our skin. whose
whiteness astonished them. but they
retired in good order VII never we Of
fered reciprocally to put their shoul-
ders or cheeka
Another traveller. who has Just writ
ten o description Of several African
tribes. thinks that the poorest taste in
the way of ornaments he has seen Is
among the Bayansi women. who wear
brass rings around their necks weigh.
ing twenty-five to thirty pounda The
Aesh under these rings. he says. is in
many cases continually chafed and
raw, and for hours at q time the
women support their rings on their
hands in order to relieve the pressure
upon their necks. And yet no well-tO-
do married woman would think that
she could exist without her neck ring;
and when they are asked il this orna-
ment is not q very uncOmfOrtab G thing
to wear. they always pretend that they
do not understand. Brass is money
among the Bayansi. and thA men. in
having it forged in big Jumps around
the necks Of their wives. have found q
safe but rather cruel method Of money
keeping.-N. Y. Sun.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11

Tho proprietor OF . well-known
remedy advertisos 70 give I've hundred
dollars for IN incurablo csee OF CO.
tarrh. At this figure they ought to b
promptly accommodated; but what do
they want Of An ''incurable" case II
it IL that kind IL is beyond the reach
of any remedy. A case Of catsrrh that
is amendxble 70 treatment 10 hardly an
iucurable case. else how could 1t be
cured. Boston Budget
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11
Is u Ceauine7

Probably thousands Of people in this sec
ton Of country, and this section Is no ex.
ceptiOn to any other in this respect in the
United States. have read the report said 70
have been written by Prof. 3 A. Latiimore.
Phi D., LII D., Analyst Of Fools and Medt
cines, New York State Board Of Health and
Professor Of Chemistry in the Rochester,
n Y, University. stating tnat all OF the
Safe Remedies manufactured BY II. n.
Warner & Co. were pure and wholesome,
nor did any of them contain any mercury or
deleterious substance. To shorten the con-
troyersy, however, We will nve Prof. Latti-
m0re's report entire:
UNIVERSITY or ROCHESTER,,
CHEMICAL LABoRAToRY.
Mr.. II. H. Warner has paced in my pos
session tho formulas Of several medicines
manufactured and sold under the general
designation Of "Warner's Safe Rsmedies."
I have inv .stiga'ed the processes Of manu-
fac;ure which arc conducted with extreme
care and according TO the best methods ]
have taken from the Laboratory samples OF
all the articles used in tine preparation OF
these medicines, - well rs tho several med
icines in which they enter have also pur-
CHASED from din rent druggists In this city
s.Warner's Safe Remedies. and upon criti-
cal Examination I find osem al e,sfi'rlv free
f.om mefe ~ and from lOtsosoHs and dsis-
tesious . bssaseeS.
s. A. LATriNORE, Pm. D., LII. u.
Analyst Of Foods and Medicines, New York
State Board Of Health, Professor of hem
is,ry, University of Rochester, N. Y.
We can not think that y firm Of the stand
ing Of II. II. Warner & Co. woui | dare pub
Ish such statement il it were untrue. and
we now have that Ern authority TO say TO
our readers that IL 10 absolutely and un-
aualiieuly true in every particular.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11
MILLIONAIRE SENATORS.

Omly Nine F0urtesn vears Ago. Hut Now
There Are Nimst-el.
] saw . man add up today the fort
unes Of the members of tho Senate.
O course. no other earthly thing is a.
hard to ind out "a how rich man Is.
He hims II very seldom knows. and the
human imagination il weak. indeed.
when IL contsmpla'es q big aggrega-
ton Of dollars. Most Of the people IN
this country can not understand the
sensation Of owning 500 in a lump
II used TO be a common saying that A.
+. Stewart was worth . hundred mill
ions. but I believe his estate. after
death. amounted only to &3DNl.OOO.
There is . member Of Congress from
Massachusetts, whose close friends
range from t4.OO '.o)O 10 $l5D.OOO IN
estimating hi wealth. But on the
basis Of popular gucsses the figures of
Senatorial wealth that ] sw to-day
footed up <l3Y.uOJ.Oo. According tc
this calculation there are. counting
Vic,-Pr.sident Morton. nineteen mill
ionair.s in the Senate. which number
il a third Of the total membership.
When T. cb,:-ia Chandler came to '"e
Senate Just before the war. have
heard that i,e could not find another
millionaire in the chamber Only
to-Irte.n years ago there were but nina
uiuio,Iss.ges IN the Seaasa.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11

The necessity for the artificial ap
plication OF water il said to be far
greater in California then in the older
countries Of Europe
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1889-05-11

"A good rule In feeding poultry 70
70 cook all that grows In the ground
md feed I'll rusw hat grows in DE cir
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1889-04-26
VOL: XXXIV----NO. II.
A Life-Like View of Washington.

A more than ordinary Intimate and life-like
view of the first President Of the republic and
his accomplished wife is presented in letter
written in 1914 by a lady who in her youth
had known and associated much with them.
Following is the principal portion of the
letter, which, says the New York Tribune,
was written by Mrs. John NJ. Powers to Mrs.
Edward Clarke, now both deceased. 1t
forms an interesting and valuable coptribu-
ton to the food of Washington literature and
"reminiscences called forth by the ami.
versary of his first inauguration.
My earliest recollection of General Wash
ington was in the spring of 1881 when
guest of my mother, at HackettstowD, N. j.
Although but three years of age at that time,
distinctly remember the grand appearance
OF that good and great man. The brilliancy
of his epaulettes, and his peculiarly cooked
hat and plume, made an impression on my
infant mind never to be effaced. August
and dignfied as be was, however, he could
condescend TO amuse children. During an
intervale ola few minutes absence of my
mother from the parlor, the General placed
me on his knee, and trotting me merrily
thereon, sang the following ludicrous lines
There was an old, old man. and an old, old wo-
They lived in vinegar bottle together,
SHELTERED alike from wind and from weather,
repeating the last line several times for a
chorus. When my mother returned to the
parlor, the General alluded to what had &C.
CURED in her absence, saying: "Tbe little
jade wished to know how the old couple es-
capped from the bottle, and before l had time
to reply to her question she had anticipated
me by saying: II guess, General, they knock
ed of the neck
Were any proof wanting to illustrate the
reverence inspired by the dignity and superb
orty of the presence of the General, might
cite an anecdote of Mrs. Graffe-an igno-
rant woman, a foreigner by birth, an inveter-
ate Tory, who resided near my mother. She
had been accustomed since the commence
ment Of the war to speak of George Wash
ington as George the Rebel" until at length
curiosity predominatng over prejudice, in
duced her to catch aglimpse of him as lie
passed through our hall, when she burst into
tears, and exclaimed, Involuntary "Elealehl
Elealeh' meaning Godlike and from that
instant became confirmed Wing.
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1889-04-26
VARIETIES.

Poverty is not sin, but it is twice as bad
in the opinion of the world.
-Dasher-'I hope you don't object TO my
smoking" Rev Mr. Mylde-"N-not in the
least, if-you don't object to my being sick"
-Sooner-"You call that picked choir,
do you ?" Chorster-"Yes why do you
ask p Snooper-"lt strikes me that it was
picked too soon"
Prince mpernckle-"Darling Mees
Elsie, loaf you. Pc mine. ON not Won
uf Shermanys richest princes, put hat four
thousand thalers year" Miss Elsie--"Why,
pa gives $4,000 year to our cook" Prince
P-"Vell, marry me und will do de cook
ing"
-"Wil you have piece fthis nice mince
pie, Tommy" said Tommy's aunt, with whom
lie was taking his dinner "Please, ma am"
replied the little fellow, holding his plate; but
you miglt put two pieces on now; mamma
has taught me never to pass my plate back for
the second piece"
Talk about honesty" said old Mrs.
Peterby, "Why, the firm that John is with
has never had occasion once to'find faultwith
his service" "Mr Peterby is getting old, isn't
he ?" "Yes John is on the shady side of
sixty. Why, he's been office boy for Jones
81 Smith for over forty years."
Young Mr.. Casey Ito coming hostess)-I
AVIAN RATHER timid about appearing at
dinner, my deah Mrs. Hobson, among so
many clevah people. assuah you that l
shall scarcely know what TO say" Mrs.
Hobson-"Don't say anything, Mr.. Casey,
and then you'll be all right"
1T seems to me-" said mother TO a
young girl who was about to be married,
"tbat your future husband is little too ex
acting he wants this, that and the Other;
consider him perfect nuisance" "Well,
dear mamma, we can afford to indulge him
for once. Let him have his way now-you
know twill be the last time"
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1889-04-26
His Name Against Him.

The Hon. Daniel Dougherty, who was
heard at Central Music Hall last night, enter
tanned few friends at dinner in this city, and
for three hours charmed them with his fun
of anecdote. Three brighter hours never pass
ed, from all have been told. MY name has
always been against me" he said. as he turn
ed the conversation TO himself. "a few years
ago was invited TO be one of party of
prominent people who made an inspection of
the State Penitentiary of Pennsylvania. In
going through one Of the corridors an attend
ant had occasion, not knowing who was,
to call out the name Dan Dougherty, and in
the twinkle of an eye three of the hardest
looking criminals ever saw popped their
heads out and answered Here" Mr..
DougLerly's guests roared at this story, for
he had told it rs it can never be made to ap-
pear in type. They had hardly recovered
from holding their hands on their sides when
he added; There has been Dan Dougherty
hung in Pennsylvania every year since can
remember" The plates fairly danced on the
table
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1889-04-26

This makes the whole amount received 10
October, 1857, $5,744.
The first work, that of paving the middle
of the streets, appears TO have been done in
1S47, in which year, from July 18th to Oct.
2lst, Mr.. Hays charges Thomas Mccoy $41O
for hauling paving stones, sand, curbst6nes
and posts, payable by the Commissioners
that Mccoy had the contract for paving the
middle of the streets. There is nothing in
the ledger or the papers to show that any
thing at all was done in the matter during
the year 184S.
In July, 1S40, Mr. Hays charges the Com
mlssioners for hauling done in preparing Tor
repairing, it Is difficult to say which, brick
yard. From what follows, this was no doubt
Dozens brick yard, in the Big Woods. There
are no charges during the next year for any
work done toward paving the streets. On
the ed January, 1851, however, Mr. Hays
began to haul bricks from Dozens and haul
ed during the remainder of that month 49,
800. During February Mr.. Moores evident
ly employed by Mr.. Hays hauled 13,900
On the 1lth June the Commissioners adver-
tised in the Baltimore american for propo-
sails for paving the sidewalks. From Aug
18th to September 5th, 1851, Michael Con.
molly was at work (probably as contractor or
overseer,) grading the sidewalks and prepar-
ing them for the expected PAYERS, Mr.. Hays
teams hauling sand, &c. for him.
In August Mr.. Hays hauled $1,000 more
brick, in September 7,000 and in October
1900. The first mention of the PAYERS (Mr
Hays furnishes hand to attend tbem) is Oct
eth, though they had, no doubt, been at
work ON the sidewalks prior to that time,
and the latest mention of them is 9Th No
vember. In that month Mr.. Hays delivered
the last load of bricks, $4,000, from Paint
ers'," the price of which is not stated, though
they were probably Of better quality than
the others. The cost of the bricks at Doxen's
kiln, from first to last, was So a thousand,
and the hauling 81 thousand. l never be-
fore heard of painters" but the fact that
the hauling from there was fifty cents more
per thousand, shows it to have been at
some point more remote than DOZENS,
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1889-04-26
Fancy Work for Rainy Days.

This work is adapted to rainy days because
it is not pleasant company work, and on
bright days one is likely to receive calls.
very pretty inexpensive screen for an
unused CRATE is made of samples of wall
paper pasted on d foundation of stiff gray or
brown wrapping paper. Make the wrapping
paper three yards long (piece it by FASTING if
necessary and thrce-quarters of II yard wide.
On one side draw Crosswise, with lead pen
Gil, parallel lines three and a half inches
apart. On the other side draw slenghtwise,
one straight line eight inches from the bot
tom. Atany store where wall paper is sold,
last years samples will be sold very cheap,
possibly given away; these may be pasted on
the foundation wrapping paper mot on the
side where the cross lines are) from the top
exactly to the lengthwise, lines eight lines
from the bottom. Ones own fancy should be
used in arranging the samples-they may be
put on stright or bias or in crazy" fashion.
Across the side, on each side, paste narrow
strip of bordering. To finish the bottom, cut
piece of black paper cambria eight and half
inches wide and a trife more than three Yards
long, and paste it on the right side 80 as to
cover the eigcs of wall paper; then turn the
fan an! paste the remainder of the cambria
on he other side. The parallel cross lines
indicate where the creasts are to be made.
Alter making increases, thiea l large needed
with black wire and draw through the
bottom. Qf my meaning is not clear, notice
how the sticks of fan are fastened The
beauty of the fan depends greatly upon the
material and the taste Of the maker the one
that | saw was made of paper having gilt
ground with bright figures and arranged in
bias strips.
Writing of wall paper samples reminds me
of room that / saw papered with large octa.
CONS of odd patterns. The pieces were
bought for nothing but the work must have
been immense Although the effect was very
pretty and novel, would not advise any
housewife having many duties to undertake
it.
Pretty rugs may be made from clean
pieces Of ingram carpet. Cut the carpet into
strips about half an inch wide, sew them to-
gelher and wide into balls like ordinary car
pet rags. Then send them to the weaver
with instructions as to the desired color of
warp and the length OF rugs