Arizona silver belt., 1889-05-04
'.New Mexico and Arizona" by Bancroft.
IS, F. Chronicle.l

NeW mcAACo liOu looV tu 1000.
 The two Territories, which were first explored and settled by the Span iards are, singalarIy enough, the last to feel the influence of modern civlll- zation and development. The ignor- ance and bigotry of it's people pre- vented New Mexico from taking its place with tue Territories recently ad- mtted into the Union, while the con stant danger from the most savage h. dian tribes on this continent retarded the settlement of Arizona Tor nearly twenty years. But although they have been slow to respond to modern civilization, tho two Territories are new fully aroused, and with the new immigration that is pouring into them it will only require few years to transform them into active and pre- gressiye commonwealths, full of tho Western energy and enterprise that accomplishes as much in a decade as the apathetic Spanish- American does in century.
 The story of the early history of the two Territories is founded on many original documents which Mr Ban croft discovered in hIs researches in Mexics and Spain. dest of the tradi- tions of the early inhabitants and of tho diSeoysrers and explorers are myths, CT so curiously exaggerated and mixed as 10 le little better than fable The chapter on the antiqua- riap and archaeological features sf these laads will be found well worth careful study eyon by one familiar with the earlier work. as in 1t Mr Bancroft re- dacts all that IS known of the early people who inhabited the country and shows how exploration and scientific investigation m recent years have con- frmed the theories which ile laid down nearly twenty years age. The Pueblo Indians who were the absriglnes of these Territories possessed the arts and the rudimentary civilization which marked the Mexican aborigineS of tbe 1 time of Cortss. In ether works Mr. Bancr0ft has shown that the Mayos could lay no claim to superiority over these people, despito the attempts O! many imaginative historians to endow them with higher quaiities. The Pue- bio Indians, who were scattered over Chihuahua. New Mexico, Arizona and 1 Southern Colorado and Utah, are in. tsresting as people who have pre- served the same habltati0ns since tho coming of Europeans 10 thiS country, and who have made nc more change 1 in their habits and custaPls than n their houses The remains of dwell ings found throughout this great cen tral basin point clearly te the affinity of their builders with Pueblo Indians; but Mir Bancroft lamentS the natural tendency 10 the marvellous which in duces 50 many writers to disregard these plain facts and to discuss tnC traits of an imaginary extinct race. He also gives here the few facts whicE clearly demonstrate that the ancestor. oi tue Pueblo tribes were not Aztees l Ths theory of a great migration of b' Aztecs from tEls reglon to Mexico ht classes with the myth ef Montezun.a.
 The narrative of the explorations O 1 Nila and Coronado, of Onate S conques of New Mexico and sf tke uneyentfu perod which was suddenly brokon il upon by Anerican oceupatlen forms { story which IS as good bit of literar, and historical work as A3r Bancroft volume on Alaska. The narrative i clear, strong and well arranged; I abounds ia illustrative material of tbt greatest interest to the arcbeelogist and it is supplemented by notes whicl reveal the exhaustive research oi tn historian and his efforts to secure ab soluts accuracy, Perhaps the riches find of Mr. Bancreft in his search fo early records was the singular poetl cal history of New Mexico by Villagra which gives full details of the conques of the Territory for the Spanish Kin! by Don Juan de Ouate. The work la not been unknown te photographers but this is tue first attempt made | utilize the large f1nd of information concealed in this queer record made b. & companion of the conqueror.
 We have space here to touch only
 few sallent features of the historian rapia review of thrse centuries of Mex ican rule in the two Territories. The, were marked by the same genera character as Spanish doninatlon il Mexico. From tho earliest times tn Apaches were the lsnmaelites of tn country. feared even by the dweller of the large towns. The drcary perie, of misrule of New Mexico in th seventeenth century was broken by
 single decade of freedom, when relig ious tyranny drove tho people te sue