davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
Counting BusheI of Glover Seed.

1t is not to he supposed that any one
has ever counted the seeds in bUshel of
clover or common grass seed, for such
an immense amount of labor is entirely
unnecessary for the purpose of obtain
ing the number of seeds. or at least very
near it. The object IL counting the
seed is to obtain the average number, for
every ounce and pound will vary slight
~, but not sufficient to materially affect
the result. Suppose we take a quarter
of an ounce of seed and when the num-
Der is ascertained we multiply it by four,
which gives the number in one ounce,
and 10y multiplying this by sixteen we
ascertain the number in pound. BY
multiplying the number of seeds in a
pound 10y the number of pounds in a
bushel we arrive at the total without
difficulty. Some of the grass seeds are
so light that an ounce will contain a half
million grains, but common timothy has
only about $4,000. Red clover will
average II, 600 seed per ounce, and white
clover double this number, or 81, 200. -
Nelo York Sun.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
SOmbre Crane.

Grape is a light, transparent stuff in
manner of gauze, made of raw silk
gummed and twisted on the twill and
woven without crossing. Il is princl-
pally used in mourning, and was origin
ally manufactured in Bologna, Italy, and
afterwards in England.
The manufacture is said to have been
introduced into France by one Jacqua
Dupius, at or about the middle of the
seventeenth century. French grapes arc
chiefly manufactured at Lyons, and as
of two kinds, called, according to NJ
Bezon, crepe and lisse.
China Grape, as the name implies Wa
originally manufactured in China, anu
the process for long time bafiled all ~
tempts at imitation. The secret was
however, at last discovered by NJ. Dugs'
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
Small Timber Better than Large.

The statement that twelve by twelve
inch beam built up of two by twelve
planks spiked together is stronger than a
twelve by twelve inch solid timber will
strike 4 novice as exceedingly absurd,
says the Mississippi Valley Lumberman.
Every millright and carpenter knows it
also, whether he ever tested il bv actual
experience or not. The inexperienced
will fail TO see why timber will be
stronger simply because the adjacent ver-
teal longitudinal portions of the wood
have been separated by a saw; and if
this were the only thing about it, it
would not be stronger, but the old prin-
ciple that Il chain is no stronger than its
weakest link comes into consideration.
Most timbers have knots in them or are
sawed at an angle to the grain, so that
they will split diagonally under COM
paratively light load. In a buit-up
timber no large knots can weaken the
beam, except so much of it as is COM
posed of one plank, and planks whose
grain runs diagonally will be
strengthened by the other pieces spiked
to it.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

Edward Atkinson, the well known sta
tisticlan, says that the actual losses by
Gre in the United States range frcm'
500, 900, 600 to $l1j, 900, 000 each year
The cost of maintaining insurance COM
panies conducted as they now are, is
from $50, 600, 900 to so, 900, 000. The
cost of sustaining fire departments is not
less than $2j, 900, Oo0. Thus the aggre-
gate fire tax per annum is from $780,
900, 600 to $4,000, 000. The main
thing is to save with respect the SO,
600, 600 or $40, 600, 600 which is the cost
of conducting the present system of in
surance. About one half the entire sum,
says Mr.. Atkinson, can he saved by one
single change in the conduct OF the
work; that is, by making it necessary
or expedient for the person desiring in
surance to apply directly to the officers
or agents of the insurance company, In
stead of having the solicitors of the com
pahies apply to the insurer for the sake
of a commission which must come out
of the insurers pocket.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

The Chicago H6rald declares that
"one of the long felt wants of this coun-
try is a national cannon range. We
already have rifle ranges, and our troops,
being located in thinly peoples districts,
can always find plenty of open ground
for rifle practice, but we have never had
a cannon range 1t is therefore crafty
ing to find that this long-felt want is
about to be supplied. The Government
if now clearing piece of land to he used
for this purpose 1t is located in the
wilds of New Jersey, and the scheme Is
10 clear out piece of the forest eight
and one-half miles long and thrce-quar
tiers of a mile wide. The testing of guns
for the American navy at the works
where they are built is usually destruc-
tive of the works themselves, and i'm
perfectly tested guns, when fired on
shipboard, are destructive to our navy
and men. A cannon range in the re.
mote Businesses of New Jersey where
guns may be thoroughly tested will re-
move these dangers. and the Jersey
mosquitoes may look out for a tremen-
dous shaking-up."
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
Comprising SnOwdrifts.

Out in Negaunee, Mich, genius is
building a machine for getting rid of
snowdrifts. The concern consists of an
immense roller built of 1900 feet of hard
wood lumber, an iron axle weighing 500
pounds, and cast-iron heads to which
the timber slaves are bolted.
Some 500 bolts are used in making the
machine, and a pole six inches square
and twenty feet long serves to control
the movements of the roller, and forms a
place to which several teams can be at
tached.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
Dogs i'm War.
Torrance.

Dogs in some instances carry tho con-
else dispatch in small metal case fast
ened to the collar, and this certainly
seems to have the advantage of security,
as attracting the least possible amount of
attention; whereas the leather lettcr-case
hanging from the collar, or the TWO
leather pockets attached to strap pass
ing under the body and kept il position
by second strap acroN, The chest,
though, Cf course, available for bulkier
documents, is undoubtedly more con-
spicuous, and more liable to render the
dog On object of suspicion and mark
for bullet BY similar arrangement
of straps the war dog is enabled TO carry
a small case of ammunition. AMI is thus
made useful on the outward march, ere
he is dispatched on his solitary journey
as military postman. Some slnguine
trainers even hope that dogs may be
trained to return to the munition wagons
during the heat of battle to bring fresh
supplies to the fighters, regardless of all
danger from shells and bullets. 1t would
seem more natural to enlist their services
as water carriers to bring drink to the
wounded and dying.-[Blackwood.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
Not Wholly a Superstition.

Mrs Slimdiet -"Before going for your
trunks, Mr.. Newboarder, you might as
well sit down to dinner. l will have an
extra plate put on. OF course, did not
expect you to-day"
Mr.. Newboarder -''How many board
ers have you, Mrs. Slimdiet?n
Twelve. You will make the thir-
teenth."
Thirteen at tablet l will wait until
supper time. l fear if the thirteen Of us
sat down to table one of us would die.
lou have only arranged for twelve you
say
why, What would the thirteenth
die of"
starvation"
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

A peculiarly novel letter has Just been
sent by an inhabtant of Bath England,
to friend at Trowbridge. ltwaS written
in shorthand on the back Of a postage
stamp, the address being in ordinary
writing. The missive was dropped into
the letter box at the General Postotlice,
and was duly delivered at the destina-
finn
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16
Ebe neeklp Altssergar
Published Weekly
AT
st M artinsviIIe, L a.
BY
EAsrIN q BIENvENU.

tt. almost incredible statement is
made that Honolulu, in the Sandwich
Islands, has more telephones in use in
proportion to her population than any
other clty
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

The official report Of the crop of pota-
toes in the United States for 1888 was
l34, 103, 600 bushels.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

The New England fleet landed last
year 40, 100 barrels of mackerel as against
7s.47S in 1887, S0,3l5 in 1886, and
$50, O33 in 1885.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

The people of the Samoan group are
regarded as the finest race among the
Polynesian Islands.
The weekly messenger. [volume] (St. Martinsville [i.e. St. Martinville] La.) 1886-1948, 1889-03-16

By what things a man sinneth, by the
same also he is tormented.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
How to Measure Socks.

A young man stepped up to the
counter of one of our furnishing stores
the other evening and called for pair
of socks. ''Be sure that you get them
large enough" said he, "for when
they are too small they always wear
through at the toes" Eyes sir" re-
piled the polite clerk, "Pll get them
right; will you please hold out your
hand?" 81 said socks, not gloves"
answered the young man, somewhat
surprised. II know what you said"
continued the clerk. "but l want to
see your hand" 1.-The customer held
out his hand and doubled up his fist as
directed. The clerk took one of the
socks from the box. wrapped the foot
around the fist and guaranteed a per-
feet fit. Il am just as sure it will fit
as though had measured your foot, "
said the clerk. las the distance around
the fist is always the length of the
foot. A salesman who knows his
business always looks at a mans
hands, and in that way knows the size
OF the sock he wants.-Shoe and Leath-
er Review.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
ARTIFICIAL SWARMlNc.
How to Avoid the Difficulties and Enloy
the Profit, ,

How to Avoid the Difficulties and ENloy
the Profit.
To practice artificial swarming the
best and most successful method Is to
remove from hive containing a
strong swarm the frame on which the
queen is found and place it, bees and
all, in an empty hive. Then move the
frames up together in the old hive so
as to leave the vacancy at the side
next the board Of the hive, and in it an
empty frame. or one filed with comb
or foundation. Carry this hive to a
new place forty or fifty feet away, and
place the new hive on the old stand.
Now fill this hive with frames Gf sup
piled with comb or foundation so much
the better), and the bees which have
been accustomed to 60 to the old stand
will do so still, and, finding the queen
there, will be content, and build up a
new swarm. The swarm from which
the queen has been taken will be so
weak from the desertion of its force Of
workers, and from the fact that it has
so little empty space, and what it has
is at the extreme outside OF the hive,
that it very rarely if ever will build
any drone combs, but will build queen
cells, and raise queen or queens. 1t
will very rarely swarm when the
queens mature. Swarms made in this
way seem to do as we'll as natural ones.
Cor Orange Judd Farmer.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
A VISIT TO zoAR.


SOmething About tho Zoarites-A Singular
Community - Historical Sketch Of
Strange People.
In little valley in Tuscarawas County,
D., stands the town of Zoar, inhabited by a
quaint, interesting community. A placid
stream flows through the valley almost en-
circling the houses which nestle together,
their red tile roofs and rude examples Of
Dutch architecture loaning sense of ro-
nance to spot embellished by the hand of
nature. Surrounded by green hillsides,
contented and industrious, the Zoarites live
as one family with common father" and
one obJect-peac They originally came
from Wurtemberg. At the beginning Of
the present century one Paul Baemler
found it consistent with his religious ideas
to take exceptions to some of the doctrines
and practices of the Lutheran church in his
native province. Of liberal views, and with
due regard for the rights Of his fellow
man, he set himself to the task of correct
ing the abuses. At first the town folk re-
fused to give ear to his preaching, but at
the end of eight years he had acquired a
large following. So great did his power be-
come that the authorities took alarm and be-
gan series of prosecutions that ultimately
led to his being exiled. Baemler's career,
from 1910 to his advent in America, is under
cloud of civic and religious complications
through which, at the critical moments,
shines forth his love for those he ruled.
Some two hundred had determined upon
following him across the Atlantic. but,
when the time for departure had arrived,
their hearts failed them and the number
dWiudled down to seventeen. The members
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
THE HOTEL.
~Ak>~~

the habits of the Zoarites. The tramp is
well treated. He is given substantial
supper, good bed in the Cramps Home"
a bath in the morning, followed by a hearty
breakfast before he is his way.
Every thing is done in methodical man.
ner. Every cow has its particular stall and
mixer. The milk is taken directly to the
public dairy and there, with the butter
and cheese, is distributed. So it is with
every thing. No one handles money save
the trustees and hotelkeeper Many a
Zoarite has not had dollar in his hand for
years and still they are happy. Every one
works faithfully and jealousy is stranger
The men are plain, business looking indi-
viduals. They are not, as may be supposed,
religious fanatics. As a rule they live to a
ripe old age, wholly Indifferent to the busy
world and its puzzling questions. They are
pleasant in conversation, liberal in their
dealings, common sense and integrity being
the two staples in their composition. The
women differ but little from the men in
character. Their features betray exposure
and toll, yet there is not q suggestion of
coarseness.
With the growth of Ohio the tendency of
luC HAS uctu W WcdhtI, eS-
pecially among the younger members. It
is but natural that they should look to a
more active life, yet desertions are remark
ably few. Of late years communication has
been opened with the outside world by rail.
This move has led many to believe that the
community will gradually give way to a
new order Of things. Yet this is doubtful,
as all the property must be held intact SO
long as three members desire it to be-
FRANK j. MARTIN.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
APPLYING AsHEs.
One of the Best and Cheapest Fertllizeri
That Can He Secured.

Ono Of the Best and Cheapest Fertilizers
That Can He Secured.
Neither wood nor coal ashes should
be allowed to go to waste; both can be
used with good results if proper care
is taken. Unleached ashes are, OF
course, the most valuable; next comes
teached wood ashes, and then coal
ashes. They are all. however, well
worth the labor of saving and apply
ing, and can be used for variety of
purposes.
In the garden, the truck and small
fruit patch they can be used to best
advantage. If properly stored away
SO as to Keep dry they are fine and can
be readily applied and incorporated
with the soil. 1t is important with
fertilizers of any kind to have them in
such condition as to be readily ap-
piled, and then to be in condition to
be available for the growing plants.
1t is not the amount OF plant food that
is applied to the soil that benefits the
plants, but the quantity that is made
available Good wood ashes Can turn
considerable amount of available
potash, and for some crops especially
that requires or need their element OF
that plant food it can be obtained by
using wood ashes.
With small crops in the garden, like
onions or lettuce, the better plan is tt
apply broadcast, either just before
sowing the seed or after preparing the
soil in good filth. or as a top dressing
after the seed is sovn. With large
crops. like peas or beans. apply di
rectly in the drill. working we'll into
the soil before planting the seed
Potatoes can, in a majority of cases
be considerably benefited by an appli
cation of small quantity in the hill
before planting the seed. With rasp
berries and Strawberries an applica
ton of small quantit.' around eacl
plant early in the spri-.e will prove o
considerable benefit. They can b.
applied upon the surfsce, and in cult
waiting be well worked into the soil
They are very valuable applied aroun'
pear trees, aiding materially to keeI
them in good health and in maintain
ing a good growth. Considering tn
little work Of saving and applying
them, ashes are one of the best fer
tilizers that can be secured Detroi
/ Commercial Advertiser.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03


of this sturdy little band were prepared tc
enjoy religious liberty. Their sufferings
were far greater than they had anticipated,
so severe, indeed, that five persisted on their
journey inland. They wandered through
Northern Maryland and Virginia, crossed
the Ohio river and faced north. On Q
bright autumnal afternoon, in 1915, they en-
tered the valley now entirely owned by
them. Baemler was quick in noting the ad
vantages offered by a settlement here and
founded the "Community at Zoar."
For thirty six years the Zoarites pros
pered. In 1851 the cholera almost exter.
minated them. The few that survived the
epidemic set about to rebuild the power Of
Zoar and succeeded. Baemler died shortly
after this, but no one has ever sue
ceeded him as king Of the Zoarites.
The Zoar of to-day is town of four hun
dred inhabitants. 1t is governed by a
board of trustees, three in number, one
being elected annually. A man named Tim.
norman, being q direct descendant of
Baemler, is looked upon as being the ''com-
mon father" Imagine huge family occu-
plying ninety odd houses, with three thou
sand acres of land to till, huge stables that
contain three hundred horses and as many
head Of cattle, farming implements Of the
most improved kind, and well clothed and
fed, and you have Zoar. The houses are
small, of substantial build and scrupulous-
ly clean. The hotel is an old-fashioned
structure with tower and broad veranda.
It is furnished plainly. the victuals are
solid, yet tempting. Every cent received
by the landlord is turned over to the trus-
tees, while he in return receives his sup
plies at the general store.
So it is with every family. They perform
their proportion Of the general labor and
are furnished all the necessaries and not a
few of the Injuries of life. When a young
couple marry they are furnished with a
| house, together with the assurance Of q
comfortable living In return they must
| live as the others do and perform theil
share of the work.
What will they have to dos There arc
-four and saw-mills to run; tannery to OPP
crate and cloth to weave; schools to teach
and fields to till; carpenter shops and Q
brewery to care for; harness to make and
flower garden covering several acres t
weed; German carp to raise in the river
wholesome reading, a brass band aud or
chestra to occupy their attention during the
evening. Hats, butter and cheese to make
besides thousand and one different things
to prevent laziness. The men are shaved
twice week by young man who work:
in the tannery and is leader of the orches
ira. Even the tramp who happens to make
friendly call is greatly impressed with
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
FLAVOR OF BUTTER.
How II IL Anected by the Kind Of Foo
Given TO Cows,

How IL IL Affected by the KIND OF Eooo
Given 70 Cows.
Some recent Investigations made by
the chemist Of the Agricultural De.
partment at Washington go to show
that butter from COWS that have been
fed upon cottonseed meal partake
very much Of the character OF the
oil of this seed. This fact is in direct
support and Confederation OF state
ment frequently made in these COL
umus, and derived from the highest
physiological authorities. to the effect
that the fats in the food of animals
(of all kinds) are absorbed into the
circulation without digestion or change
by the action Of the digestive fluids.
The conclusion. which can not be es-
capped, must therefore be that the food
OF q COW does affect the character OF
the milk, and consequently food rich
in fat must cause an increased prod
uct of fat in the butter. This, how
ever, has been denied by some OF the
chemists OF the experiment stations,
although observant dairymen know the
truth of it from their common practice.
This fact has some important bear
ing upon the dairy business. The use
of cotton.seed meal tends to harden
the butter and render it easier to be
worked in the summer. This has been
pointed out by Mr.. Henry Stewart in
his "Dairymans Manual" This food
also gives a desirable flavor to the
butter made from it, and it consider
ably increases the product, as shown
by tests made by Mr.. Stewart in his
dairy during three years consecutive
feeding. But at the same time this
food has some objections; the seed be-
ing highly nitrogenous-containing
over forty per cent. OF albuminoids-
can not be fed largely without injuri'
Gus OBJECT upon the urinary organs and
the milk glands; and further, as now
shown by the Agricultural Depart
ment, the butter made from it has
some qualities which renders it liable
to suspicion Ct adulteration with the
cotton-seed oil, and which might
bring the makers of che butter into
dangerous conflict with the oleo'
margarine legislation.
What more conclusive fact can be
furnished by scientific tests than thi:
last one mentioned, viz, that the quail
ity of the butter is affected by the kind
OF foods used? 1t can not be claimed
that the digestive organs of an animal
can take variety of foods, differing
in quality and character, and reduce
them all to q consistent product, al
ways alike and never varying. Then
it follows that dairymen should bt
very careful in regard to the procur.
ing of legislation affecting their bust.
ness, lest they might be injuring them
selves by means of restrictions they
desire to put upon others. For in
stance, desiring to make the larges
product of butter from their cows, the,
use foods rich in oil, and the butte
then happens to be very similar i
character to that artificial produc
made by mixing the very same kiRd Q
oil with the cream in the churn< thel
in what position would they stahd II
regard to alleged artidciality Of thei
butter or the adulteration Of itp-N
Y. Times.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03
Her Reasons for Leaving.

Mistress Of the house Ito domestic who
has given warning)-I am sorry, Ann, that
our ways do not suit you. Do you expect
US to treat you as one Of the famlya
Domestic from Boston)-No, madam,
think could have put up with that But
can not remain here at the sacrifice Of my
intellectually. You have no copy Of Emer.
son in the house, and there has not been q
can of baked beans on the table since
came.-Chicago Tribune.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03

The value of dried potatoes as an article
Of food is urged by Dr.. Jacob M. Shrlnlr
witch. Among the advantages claimed is
that it keeps much better than the fresh
potatoes, and being far lighter and less
bulky, Is more readily transported. Before
cooking, the dried potato is macerated il
water for ten or twelve hours,
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1889-07-03

SEEK for good school with principal
who cares more about character than about
Greek and Latin, and about Greek and Latin
chiefly as instruments in the development
Of character; who loves boys, and whom
boys love, and who maintains kindly
gentle, not severe, but firm discipline, and
put your boys under him.