Woodville Republican., 1889-12-28
SOUTHERN AGRICULTURAL.
ssasonabls hints for DeOsmber.

OOUIuLhN AUhlOUu1Unh4l
geasonabIe Hints for December.
Practically, december is only three
fourths Of a month, and sometimes It
amounts to but a few days, when esti-
mated by the farm work accomplished.
The negroes, and possibly others be-
sides, have already caught the fever Of
expectation which foretells the coming
holiday festivities, frolics and family
reunions. The month may be called the
Saturday afternoon Of the year, when
every one is inclined to slacken his
energies and to prepare for season OF
rest from labor and indulgence in social
enjoyment. Aside from the excesses in
which the sensual indulge, Christmas is
q social institution to be commended
and perpetuated. After years hard
labor, through storm and heat, and
drought and cold--a year of alternating
hopes and fears, joys and SORROWS, sue
cesses and failures, the industrious farm
er may rightfully claim respite from
toll, and devote few days to minister
lily and his neighbors, not forgetting the
stranger, the poor, the homeless and the
sick.
But there is work OF substantial and
necessary character that may yet be ac-
complished. Seed time and harvest
have passed away, so far as concerns the
vegetable products of the farm, but
there are odds and ends OF the waning
year that should be gathered up, that
nothing be lost" We trust that every
farmer will close up his business, settle
his debts by payment or satisfactory adj
justment, and be prepared TO begin the
New Year with nothing to embarrass his
efforts.
KILLING HOGS.
The characteristic work of the month
is ''hog killing" and happy is the man
who has pen full of porkers ready for
the knife and the yawning "smoke-
house." The art of butchering hogs is
one in which considerable skill can be
displayed, although as often practiced
it has given rise to the reproachful term
"a ''mere butchery"-as applied to any
operation unskillfully performed.
First, get every thing ready, presum-
ing the hogs to be fat. Have plenty of
water, plenty of fuel, sharp knives, ta-
bles, platforms or shelves for spreading,
good "gallows" and gambrels, plenty
of clean, coarse salt and a little salt
peter. A large kettle is the best APP
pliauce for securing hot water. Have
thermometer to test the water. Com
mence to kill by the "break of day." by
simply sticking each hog with long,
keen knife.
The water should be about the tenn
perature of 100 deg. Fahrenheit-not
under $50 deg. nor over ITO deg. This
is found to be the proper degree Q60)
after repeated tests. A little tar added
to the water helps wonderfully in re-
moving the hair Clean off every hair
and patch of scurf, and wash and scrape
clean before opening" the carcass.
Commence 'cutting out" as soon as the
last hog is disemboweled. Trim the
hams neatly, rounding them at the
upper end and removing all surplus fat
and ragged meatl Cut the sides, or
middlings, as large as possible, leave
the shoulders correspondingly small.
Pull out the strip of tenderloin that lies
along the upper edge of each ''mid-
ding" for sausage meat, or immediate
consumption Qt is worthless when dry,
salted and cured): and also the thick
edge of firm fat that lies underneath the
lean strip, for lard. Take out the ribs,
or most of them. Now rub the flesh side
of each ham and shoulder with salt and
lay it skin down on shelf or platform
in cool, shady and airy place, sprin-
king a thin layer of salt over the sur
face. Next morning, before day, COM
mence to salt down in tight half hogs
heads or barrels, putting layer of mid
dlings at the bottom, filling all the open
spaces with jowls and salt Before pack
ing down put small teaspoonful of
saltpeter on each ham If you wish them
to be firm and red. Use plenty of salt,
leaving no vacant spaces between the
pieces of pork.
We forbear any further details, but
beg the farmer to give the wife all
needed assistance in the way of labor
and material that may be required in
the lard, sausage and pig-feet depart
ment.
THE MANURE HEAP.
This is as good time as any to COM
mence the process of manure-making.
1t should be considered that a very
large part of the elements of fertility
that have been removed from the soil
by the crops of grain, hay and other
food crops consumed by the animals of
the farm, reappear in the liquid and
solid excrements The making of do
mestic manures consists mainly in pro-
curing these elements of fertility and
restoring them to the soil whence they
were removed by the crops.
The growing of food crops, tho saw
ing of their manure and restoring il
to the soil, is a beautiful illus
tration of the law of com
pensation and restitution. An indi-
vidual particle of phosporic acid, lime
or potash may possibly make the circuit
from the soil, through the grain, into
the living animal tissue, thence to the
manure heap and back again to the soil
dozens of times in the course of farm.
er's cultivation of a grain farm. First
it is in the soil, particle of inert mat
ter; next it is organized into the consti.
tuition Of the grain; then becoming a
mart of the living bone, muscle or other