The times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1882-1897, 1889-02-01
METHODS OF HOUSE HEATING.
Tho Open Fireplace. the Stove and the
E>,ruace-SteauA and Hot Water.

Tnc open Flreplaces Suo Ssosc S>@sA
Furnace-Steam and Hot Water.
The open fireplace is, on several &C
counts, to be preferred to any other
means of heating an apartment. 1t
insures, when well constructed, the
removal Of those products of combus-
ton which tend to vitiate the atmos-
phere, and at the same time causes a
strong current of air TO pass from the
room through tho chimney, by which
alone tolerably effective ventilation is
produced.
But it has certain Objectionable fea-
lures which preclude its employment
when o steady and uniform heat is re-
quired and when it is especially de-
sirable to avoid irregular currents OF
air. 1t is therefore not adapted for use
in large rooms, such as hospital wards,
where many sick persons arc present.
The warmth from fireplace is not
generally diifused throughout the
room. The heat is almost entirely
communicated by direct radiation, and
consequently while that part OF the
BODY turned towards the fire IS heated
perhaps to excess, tho portions not cX-
posed TO the rays of heat arc not su1li-
cicntly warmed.
Stoves not only heat the atmosphere
by radiation, but also by conduction,
and hence any organic matters when
may be suspended in tho air arc vola-
| tilted on coming in contact with the
heated metal. In an open fireplace O
great portion OF the heat, amounting
generally 10 as much Us so per cent,
is drawn UP tho chimney but that
given Off from u stove is retained IN
the room to much greater extent. A
serious objection to stoves Is that o.;
the air surrounding them becomes
heated and specifically lighter it as
cends to the ceiling. and therefore the
lower strata Of air contained i'll u room
heated by u stove arc never SD hot Us
tho upper. =.
Furnaces placed distance from the
apartments 10 be heated, generally
under them, are notifications Of tho
ordinry stove, differing only in tho
fact that air is brought TO the stove
heated by conduction and then al
lowed to ascend to the rooms through
pipes or nues. II proper precaution:
are taken to insure full supply O.
fresh air from the outside to prevent
, the mixture of the gases from the fue
with the hot air and to provide suiii
cicnt moisture, this method of warm
ing is not very Objectionable.
The chief disadvantage oil steam
, q heating agent consists In the fac
that it is difficult to regulate the tenn
pcrature. The pipes must be kept O
2l2 degs Fahrenheit or condensation
! of the vapor 1T once takes place an
Q water is formed In passing from
! state of vapor to that of liquid stear
|, parts with its latent heat and become
a sensible, and thus the temperature
o the pipes is raised. The latent heat Q
f steam being 1 200 degs., a great sourc
: of heat is thus at command; but II tn
o pipes are allowed to cool agtin belo'
J PIP dogs. fresh portion OF steam
condensed, and SO on till the whole
h it has been converted into water an
J. has parted with all it's latent heat.
). Hot water affords another excellel
n means for obtaining artificial warmth
r and the principles upon which Il
% process is conducted do not diff
>. essentially from those which COVER
le the last described Pipes are arrange
st i'm connection with boiler cOntainir
is water. Heat being applied, tho
T. particles of the water nearest to Il
- source of the heat first become warm,
and at the same time specifical
lighter. If this water were allowed
escape there would be a constant n
q cessity for replenishing the boiler; b
Id after it has lost q portion OF its heat
IS is returned to the boiler and the pI
as cess is repeated. The pipes may be c
g. ranged in coils, contained in box
III under the floor communicating Wi
We tho external atmosphere. A regist
at in the wall or floor allows the hot
%. to enter tho chamber. William
10 Hammond in New York World.
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