davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist., 1889-03-20
$2 per AnnuIn, in advance.


peting exhibitors 1t goes without say
ing that man who cannot by taste dis
cover and separate the four points that
60 to make or mar the flavor of perfect
orange is not fit to be Judge, but the
men in Florida who can, 'stheir name is
legion
This being true, | can see no reason
why the three points which Enthusiastically
make a good orange and the one point
which Enthusiastically mars it, should be
Jumped under the heading, Satisfactory
taste, any more than oneiudge ola paint
ing should say to the others, GLOW do
we like it?"
Let us briefly examine Mr.. Hubbard's s
scale as affecting flavor, for do not in
tend to follow this matter into the Judging
of other fruits than the orange. They are
all faulty in the same particulars. Mr..
Hubbard gives forty points to flavor;
sweetness, one to ten. Sweetness is easily
distinguished and isvery desirable. 1t has
in perfection ten points, in the Hubbard
scale-one-fourth of the whole flavor all
lowance Under Mr.. VanDeman's scale.
if it was satisfactory to the judges, it
could take twenty-fv points,-the whole
number, ,-and yet who will for q moment
contend that a merely sweet orange is a
good orange?
Sub-ac1dity, one to ten.-''Citric acid,''
tempered with sugar; as easily distin-
guished as the mint in julip. 1t may be
that those who are consumers of oranges
of less favored climes have no knowledge Of
sub-acidity, but every Florida bov knows
''that it is the thing that spoils the or
ange when it does not have any in"
Vinous flavor, orbouquet, one to ten
To say that this cannot be distinguished
and separated, and kept separated, and
to a certain extent measured, is to con
tend that the rose has no perfume. Had
Mr.. VanDeman said Chemically divided
had agreed with him, but it is
hardly worth while to argue abouta fact.
The crowning glory of the Florida orange
is the subtle, delicate perfume that rises
from it's cut surface and permeates the
flavor ofits substance like the distilled
nectar of ten thousand flowers.
But then some people eat plums before
they are ripe; they like them best that
way. And others eat green persimmons:
they like that curious feeling in their
mouth. s'It is satisfactory to their taste"
Absence of free acid. one to ten.-Agood
orange should have no free acid, that is, a
sourness that bites the mouth; by this
test it is distinguished. 1t is not a ques-
ton of like or dislike Such acid is not
present in perfect specimen, and if it is
present in a greater or less degree it
should count against the fruit
We do not pretend that Mr.. Hubbard's
scale is perfect; we do insist, however,
The Florida agriculturist., 1889-03-20

And is Mr.. VanDeman exactly correct
in the statement that the Florida scale
was used at New Orleans only as to Flor
ida against Florida? Is it not true that
the Florida scale was used to Judge the
Florida fruit ag gainst California, and when
a few weeks later the California fruit came,
was not the scale changed and one much
less exacting, from an ideal standpoint.
used? Why was it impossible to Judge
Californian and Mexican fruit by the Flor
ida scale? can only imagine one reason,
because the scale did not fit the fruit
However, these are but questions in
passing. repudiate utterly the idea that
a scale should be made to fit a locality.
The scale should be an ideal to which all
localities shall aspire. If onesection can
not reach it, SO much the worse for that
section, but that point should never be
considered in establishing the IDEAL Mr.
VanDeman, in his argument, remarked
that California raised some good oranges
nobody else had mentioned California;
and got pretty good price for them, all
of which is readily and gladly admitted,
but that is no reason why q scale shall be
adopted to fit California. Florida does
not ask that scale shall be made to fit
her case. She asks for an ideal towards
which she may labor, but she objects to
standard on certain points, which she has
long since passed, and she also objects to
the leaving out of characteristic points
which go to make up d good orange, sim
ply because the oranges of other coun-
tries do not show these points and will
not bear this division.
But to consider the scale by points:
1. Size.-On this we are agreed.
2. General Appearance As it is mis-
take to send oranges with scale, decay,
bruises and lack of properly cut stems
to the market, so it is an impertinence to
send them to the judges. Rust should
count against an orange, butnever twenty
points, nor should general appearance
ever count twenty for an orange 1t is
an extraordinary scale which gives twen-
ty points, one-ffth Of the whole to the mere
outward look OF an orange and only ten
points to absence of rag. In this belief
the Hubbard scalestrikes out the smooth
ness of peel with it's ten points. and gives
only ten altogether to general appear
ance
3. Weight.-Wedono not differ materially
as to this, excepting that ''iuiciness'' is
better name, as that is precisely what it
amounts to, and ten points is quite
enough, though it would always befavor-
able to Florida to give it more.
4. Thickness of peel, standard, one
eighth inch orless-"orless' 'isingenuous.
Florida orange growers have worked too
long towards an ideal OF one-sixteenth of
an inch in thickness of peel to take the
The Florida agriculturist., 1889-03-20
DeLand, Fla, Wednesday, March 20, 1889.

What would Mr.. Phelps or Mr.. Hart or.
Mr. Adams or Mr.. Rocks or Mr.. Williams
or Mr.. Hatch or DR.. Fowler or Beed,
Knox 4 Beed or a Thousand other men in
Florida say to placingtheir beautiful thin
skinned oranges, one-sixteenth. OF an inch
or less. against a fabby one-eighth OF an
inch and get no credit for their years of
hard labor? COR less" is not, after all, SO
ingenious as it is ingenious. The argu--
ment made by Mr.. VanDeman that one
eighth was needed to carry the orange to
market is fallacious; thin, tenacious
peel carries an orange much better than
a thick one, as every orange grower
knows
5. Absence of Rag.-We will accept the
word rag" as it is very expressive, and
one to ten for this is all right, but a
cavity at coreshould notcountso heavily
against an orange as a core. 1t has
already been counted in weight, and an
orange with cavity is usually a high
bred orange and very free from ''rag." ;"
While do not object ito it's beingcounted,
for it is blemish it ought to be counted
lightly.
6. Absence of Seed-In this we are
agreed.
Z. Flavor one to twenty y-fve.-"J Judged
by satisfactory TASTE" that is to say, the
orange that two out of three judges like
the best is the best. 1t is simply impos-
sible to arrive at any other meaning, for
Judged by satisfactory taste itisjust as
impossible as it is to comprehend the
reason which leads Mr. VanDeman to the
statement that sweetness, sub-acidity and
free acid cannot be distinguished and
separated by the test of the palate, or
that vinous flavor or bouquet is not as
easily distinguished in the orange and
separated from it's other peculiarit,es as
in a glass OF old and rich wine. do not
say that every one can do this. but the
expert can, and who are the men chosen
to Judge flowers, vegetables, poultry, live
stock, fabrics, works of art? Are they
not experts? If this be true, then will
Mr.. VanDeman tell us why oranges shall
be turned over to be judged by the man
"who knows what he likes" and who will
mark First premium" on the orange that
suits his particular fancy, Judged by
satisfactory taste" that is taste satisfac-
tory to him? Mr.. Hubbard writes me-
and thoroughly agree with him, "What
we want is absolute analytical standards
for determining the comparative merits
OF oranges, and more especially the flavor,
which, other things being equal, is the
true criterion of excellence. To leave this
most important part to the whim or
caprice OF Judges who do not or cannot
give satisfactory reasons for the belief
that is in them, is arank injustice tocom-
The Florida agriculturist., 1889-03-20

Before, however, proceeding to a con-
sideration OF the scale, point by point, 1
should like to ask, "Why the Florida
scale is a horizontal scale, in that it
allows ten points as the maximum to ten
well marked characteristics of the or
anger" Why not call it a perpendicular
SCALE?
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
THE BOOMING WEST.


The New York Press has been max
ing some comparisons between the
Presidential vote of 1872 and that OF
1888. The showing is decidedly inter
est.ng as indicating the drift Of popula-
ton. During the time named there
was an increase throughout the United
States of nearly rs per cent. The in
crease by geographical divisions may
be stated as follows: Gain in New
England States, 31.74 per cent; the
Middle States, 1916 per cent; the
Western States, 7.13 per cent;
the South, with the exception OF
West Virginia, Delaware and Viz
ginia, which are so close as to
suggest their removal from the solid"
column, %. 70 per cent. loss; the three
Southern States named, 62 IS per cent.
gain. The fair and natural presump
ton is that this represents the growth
and increase of population, and that
being true, the east and south cannot
Idl W ulSCONcI tAoS ~ HUSb 6OOA S0A
render to the wild and woolly west !"
the mastery of this great nation. a
few years Il ore and the great east,
which has treated the west with con-
tempt, will have to take a very large
dose of the medicine which it has been
forcing down the throats of the western
commonwealths, and it will not be
many years before the control will
come west of the Mississippi river. New
England is virtually at ntandstill,
With the exception of certain sections
of the South, there is practically no in
crease, The Middle States will progress
but slowly hereafter. But the west is
forging ahead, though her resources
and capabilities are so vast that she
scarcely appreciates the mightiness of
her advance.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
United States. go.

Rhode Island stands at the bottom of
the list in the ratio of marriages to one
divorce, the ratio being ILL marriages
to each divorce. Connecticut follows
next, and makes a close second, with
IL 80 marriages to one divorce. Massa-
chusetts is at the head of the list, having
81 % marriages to each divorce. The
District of Columbia. however. bids fair
to overtake Rhode Island. In 1867 the
ratio in the District was $500 nc ar
riages to one divorce, since which time
thsre has been q steady decrease. the
ratio in 1886 being 1888 marriages to
one divorce. Throughout the country
at large there is rapid decrease of the
ratio, though in two or three States
there has been a slight gain. In the
matter of causes for divorce it is shown
that of the 1913, ZIG divorces granted for
the twenty years, ZIG. 739, or 65 per cent.
of the whole, were granted to wives, and
Ill 1915 were granted to husbands. The
causes in which wives are the petition
ers more largely than husbands are
cruelty, where the wife seeks divorce
as to 1; in desertion, where the pro-
portion is over IL to L; in drunken
ness, where it is 9 to /. The husband
is shown to have sought divorce for the
adultery of the wife in 38 155 cases,
while the wife has obtained divorce
in % 480 cases for the adultery Of the
husband. The ca use for which the
greatest number of divorces were
granted is that of deser ton, being 1885,
557, or IS per cent. of the whole mum.
Der.
AS will be seen from the above list
Utah does not figure we'll in these
statistics. In 1880 there were only
nine States and Territories below her in
the number of married couples to one
divorce, as follows: Colorado. Maine,
Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire,
Oregon, Rhode Island, Washington and
Wyoming. Utah is improving, how
ever, for since 1880 the divorce bust
ness has not been worked so in
dostriously hera.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
THE HERALD" DISTRIBUTION
In Answer to Many Inquiries We
Publish the Following:

The $50 prizes are to be limited to the
Semi Weekly HerGld' alone, and the num-
Der being so large Everyone has an e1cellent
chance. The distribution r0iEL be conducted pub
icEy early in 1889. due notice being giuen in
Advance. The plan a0iIL be the simplest and
jdirest possible. Every premium receipt
issued is numbered. A duplicate OF every
number issued is retained in this Office. All
these Numbers ,OiH be placed in boz and a
blindtolded chic will be selected to drdD
them out. The first 1850. numbers drG,Vn
1piH eptitle the holders of the corresponding
numbers to the prizes. The prizes aoiI be
numbered from 1 to 1850, graded according 10
their vGIue Thus The city lot (uaIue $500 is
Prize No. 1. The HoIstein bGll (udlate 5000 is
Prize No. 2; the KiTsbaU organ (value S110) il
Prize No. 5, and so on dOt0n to the 1,25Gth. The
first number dra,Un from The boz entities the
holder of that number to Prize No. 1; the sec
ond to Prize No. 9; The third to Prize No. 8
etc. The distribution aDiU be presided over
By committee chosen by holders Of tickets
A record is carefully kept of all mum
bers issued, so that it can be ascertG ned q
once Where the lucky holder resides.
RE EABER, the Semi Weekly Herald, ten
pages, The brightest, largest and Iiveliest fam
lily paper tn the a0est, goes aOtth a chance in.
the distribution FREE-one year in odvanec
only IS 90
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
TWO MEN BURIED.
Another Narrow Escape From an
Idaho Avalanche.

News of another snowslide has
reached US. On the 22d, two young
men, Edmund Buckley, Jr., of Frank
lin, Idaho, and Mr.. Stocks, of Lewiston,
we're in Deep Canyon. five miles east of
Franklin, logging. Returning with
their loads, they were struck by a snow
slide. The young man Stocks was buried
up to h's neck, and Buckley entirely
covered, Some men who were above
them saw the slide coming and ran to
their assistance. By the time they had
arrived. young Stocks had freed him
self, and cleared the snow away from
his horses heads. thRs enabling them
to breathe. After considerable digging
the rescuers discovered Buckley's hat.
and few seconds later his body was
found. At first glance, it was
thought life was extinct. He was uu-
conscious and black in the face. He
was extricated, placed on q blanket,
and was being hauled down the canyon,
when he exhibited signs of life. After
hard work he regained consciousness,
and boy was sent down the canyon
for help. which arrived in good season.
When our informant left, Buckley was
alive, and it was thought he was out of
danger.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
Idleness Is a dangerous raa;t1

In the kidneys. When inactive they
speedily fall into disrepair. Those OBJ
stinate and fatal maladies, Bright's dis
ease and diabetes, ensue with terrible
certainty upon the inaction of the or
gans affected. Catarrh of the bladder,
enuresis, gravel and strangury are also
to be apprehended from q partial par
alysis of the Bladder, of which weakness
and sluggishness are the causes. Hos
letters Stomach Bitters is a fine tonic
and promoter of activity for the renal
organs, and one which can be relic d
upon to afford them the requisite stimu-
lus without exciting them-an effect to
be feared from the unmedicated alCo
holIc excitsnt OF commerce. A further
benefcent effect of the Bitters, by renew
ing activity of the kidneys, is to enable
them to drain from the blood in its
passage through them, impurities pro-
ductive of rheumatism and dropsy
Nervousness, fever and ague, cousupa-
tion and dyspepsia are conquered by
the Bitters, +
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27

IT IS to be hoped that the Theatre
will be crowded this afternoon by the
little folks and this evening by the
children of larger growth" The
entertainments have been arranged by
the managers of the Orphans Home
and Day Nursery, and the proceeds are
to go to the maintenance of that insti-
tuition. 1t is on account Of the pro
ceeds" that large attendance is de:ir
able. Of all the charities which Salt
Lake boasts, the Home is among the
sweetest and best. Unlike some of the
others it is absolutely non-p partisan, the
sole aim of those at the head of the in
stitution being to do good where it is
needed, and to their credit be it said
they know neither religious nor social
class in their noble work. Charity,
pure and simple, is all they know. I'm
dertakiL gs like theirs are deserving t. e
hearty support o: the community. If
the public performs its whole duty, the
entertainments will yield handsome
sum, and the Orphans Home be put in
position to enlarge its field of useful
Oncs
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
A SANE VIEW.

Master Workman Powderly is wise
enough not to take the gloomy and
apprehensive view of machinery that so
many of the shallow thinkers among
the Workingmsn entertain. They
assume that as machinery is labor
saving it is an enemy to the wage
workers, and would gladly abolish it in
favor of a return to hand labor. Pow
Derby calls machinery "wealth-produe
ing" and says 1.-The great problem Of
the future for workingmen is how
to SO adjust themselves to the new
order of things as to reap their full
share of the benefits of it," 1t is
idle to talk of the Punishment
OF labor saving machinery it can never
be done, and if it were accomplished it
would be sad blow to the working
classes, for these have received higher
wages and been provided with more
work by every labor-saving invention.
while the cost of living has been re-
duced. What PoTderly and others
who are deVoting themselves to the
solution of the labor problem should
endeavor to do is to devise a scheme for
the arrangement of the Industrial
system in such a way as to give 10
labor not only its fair wages, but
an equitable proportion of the
profits from labor. The aim and
effort shoald be not to make war on
machinery which is so facilitating the
industrial world 8 progress, but to make
it possible for the skilled hands and in
telligent heads which guide and direct
the machinery to get their share of the
fruits. Applaud, the genius which
places the world under obligations to it
by deVising something for the benefit
of the race, and then make the most of
that device for yourself.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
The Methodist University.

The bidding for the Methodist Uni
verslty is becoming very lively. Yes
terday the board went to Garden City
by special train, and looked over the
site which it is proposed to donate as
an inducement to locate the university
in that suburb. 1t is understood that
there has been large cash offer to 40
company the Garden City land. The
board so visited Terrace Heights
which is competitor. At meeting
of real estate men, last evening, COM
mittee was appointed to meet the uni
versitY board this evening, and urge the
advisabllity and advantage of locating
the university in or near this city, and
it is probable that those who have
been most generous in their tenders
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
"a STRONG LEGAL ARGUMENT.

Under the above head the Indianap-
OILS Sentinel editorially pays a hand
some compliment to Judge Mcdonald,
on account of his argument before the
Uaited States Supreme Court in the
Church case last month. Itsays: "Ex-
Senator Mcdonald, few days since
made a very able constitutional argu-
ment before the United States Supreme
Court in the important case of the cor.
poretion of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter day Saints, appellant. VS.. the
United States, involving the validity of
the EdmundsTucker act. providing for
the dissolution of the Mormon Church
corporation and the forfeiture OF its
property to the government. Mr.. Nc
Oonald's argument is model of forci-
BILE, concise and logical reasoning. We
give the closing passages:
Inow take leave of this case Oar fathers,
when they Organized the United States of
America into q government. under a fed
eral con institution, undertook in that irsiru-
ment to guard and protect civil ana re-
ligious liberty from the encroachments of
arbitrary power.
Under the system OF government estab-
lfshsd by them the responsibility of main
tanning these safeguards rests with this
court, eo-ordin4te branch of The govern
ment No more important case in principle
has ever been submitted to it than the one
now on bearing. The federal government
has Ieacted the end OF its first century, and
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27

for the first time it has come into the courts
upon claim arising under an act of Con.
gress seeking to coniscate the property of
the members of a church on account of
doctrines and tenets of the church.
Ibis can only be done by the sanction OF
this court, which, 1 am sure. will never be
given. For whatever disposition your
honors may make of The cause, I feel certain
you will not soil the hands OF the govern
ment with the spoils of q church, however
great the heresy of which complaint is
made. The only remedy which our gov
ernmeat sanctions is Ito leave error free
while truth is free to combat it. Proscrip-
ton and confseatien never yet stamped out
q heresy, reformed a religious creed, or
improved the morals of the victims. 3"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
FAILED MARRIAGES.

One of the most interesting of the
public documents that has gone to the
present Congress is the report Of Labor
Commissioner Wright, presented last
week, on the statistics relating to mar
y s:sss and divorce in the United States
for The twenty years from 1867 to 1886
inclusive. 1t will be remembered that
Mr.. Wright had an agent in this coun-
try for several weeks last year, compil-
ing those statistics.
The stats tics of marriage cover sixty
six per cent. of all the counties in the
country, while those relating to divorce
are complete as to ninety-six per cent.
OF the counties, and over ninety eight
per cent. of the population. The whole
number of divorces granted in the
United States is given by years, az fol-
lows: In 1867, 9.937; 1868, 1O,15O; 1869,
10 935; 1870, 1882; 1871 11,56S; 1872,
1880; 1873, ID, l56; 1874, 13 $50; 1875,
1922; 1876, 1850; 1877. Is 6S7; 1878.
16,O89; 1879, l7.Os3; 1880, 1868; 1881,
2),762; 1882, 22,112; 1883, 23,19S; 1881,
1854; 1885. % .472; 1886, rs ,535. Total
for the twenty years, 32S.716
The record by States and Territories
is presented below, together with the
number of married couples to one
divorce for the years 1870 and 1880:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27

of financial destruction. Their hunger
for fees and their thirst for sensation
and notoriety gained for them reputa
ton which will continue through life
and assume prominence in their
obituary notices. AS they retired from
Office, one by one, the prosperity of the
Territory increased. and thu era of
good feeling set in. TIE material pro-
gress and the social peace and quiet
which have prevailed since the "gang"
went out. have been so marked as to
surprise everybody and to please every
body. Their return to Office and the
resumption of the title of 'fee-fends,"
would be received with apprehension
and dread by all classes, Mormons and
Gentiles, who are more interested in
the welfare and prosperity of Utah
than 10 The financial success of half
aa5zen thrifty officials. But it is idle to
speculate over such a catastrophe.
General Harrison's hatred of Utah can
not be so bitter that he would seek TO
destroy the Territory. He cannot want
to reverse the progressive movement
and set the dependency to going back
ward. He will certainly want to hold
all that has been gained. which he can
not do by placing the community at the
mercy of men who do not pretend to
deny that they are its open and pro-
nounced enemies, and are working all
the mischief they are capable of.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1889-02-27
THE HUMOROUS.

The joke of the hour is the petition
now being circulated, asking President
Harrison to re-appoint Ex-Chief
Justice Zane, Ex-United States At
torney Dickson and Ex-Marshal Ire
land. The humor of this matter be-
comes excruciating when one recalls
that these three men were the centre
OF little coterie which did so much to
bring this fair Territory to the verge