davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

have seen, or may nope to see something
OF IT, a brief history will not prove uninUer-
esting.
The first public effort in the direction Of
q supply Of fresh water was on Nov. 10,
1884 when the Board of Trustees paid
S95.5 for digging a we'll in the North Divis-
ion. We will soon see to what majestic
proportions this humble beginning has
grown in a little more than half century.
For many years water was peddied
through the streets as potatoes and bananas
are to-day. 1t was drawn about in hogs
heads, on tWo-Wheeled ca -tss and delivered
to the good housewives at a cost of from
five to ten cents per barrel. according to
the competitions of trade. The hOgheads
were filed from the lake with pals, and
the water was discharged through short
leathern hose. thousands OF people still
living in Chicago can remember when this
system was in vogue.
In 1886 the Chicago Hydraulic Company
was Incorporated by an act of the Legisia-
ture. The panic which swept over the
country the following year retarded the
movement, and it was not until 1910 that
WOrk was actually begun. Two years later
il was completed. The hydraulic system
consisted Of an 1S-inch inlet from the lake.
connecting with a well 10 feet in depth;
pumping works fitted with an engine Of Do
horse power, capable OF lifting each minute
% barrels Of water 80 feet above the level OF
the lake; two reservoirs Of a capacity OF
1880 barrels EACH both OF which could be
filed in one hour and forty minuG6ss and
several miles OF wooden pipes, none over
six inches in diameter. his exceedingly
spoken Of by the press at the time as a
marvellous achievement Of engineering
skill" In 1850. 81 miles Of pipe and 1000 hy-
drants were in use, but not more than on O.
fifth of the people were thereby supplied
with water.
In 1881 the Chicago City Hydraulic Com
pany was incorporated. This was done as
the result of q popular vote Of the people.
Bonds were Issued and sold in New 70 K,
and in the summer of 1852 work was begun
at the foot Of Chicago avenue in the North
Division. They were unable to put In
thirty-inch inlet pipe to reach six hundred
/ feet out into the lake and were obliged to
take the water from near the shore On
Feb. Is, 1854. water was first introduced
I into the buildings Of the city. For four
months water was only pun ped nine hours
day, and not at ala on Sunday except In
I case of IRE. In 1887 q tWenty-four inch
/ yVrCught-iron main was laid TO the West
I Side, and in 1853 two new reservoirs with
q capacity of 100000 barrels each we've
+ constructed, one on the North and one on
/ the West Side.
At first this system was fairly successful
/ but as the city increased in population and
I extended its limits the increasing sewage
which flowed through the sluggish river
I into the great Lake began to seriously con-
+ tamina1e the water which was drawn from
/ a poipt too near the shore. Eot only did
+ this cause annoyance, disease and death.
I but e worked great injury % the fslz fame
/ of the city whose visitors denounced j
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

masonry, OF Illinois white brick, was eight
inches in thickness, the bricks being laid
lengthWlse, with tOOthing Joints TO give
them greater strength.
In this tedious way the Workmen forced
the great bore on under the lake, from
fourteen to twenty feet being considered
good progress for tWenty-fOur hours.
AS fast as the masonry was completed
iron rails were laid, upon which small cars
were run to remove the clay to the shaft
where 1t was elevated by steam power. At
first the cars were pushed by men, but as
the bore heightened this became too slow
and labOriOus, and two small mules We're
lowered through the shaft aud used there
after as the motive power.
AS each thousand feet was completed
chambers we're dug in which brick, mortar,
and other supplies could be stored and cars
turned Ound.
AS has been stated. the magnetic needle
cannot be depended upon in surveying be-
low the ground, but the level was in con-
slant use, and by It's means exactly the
proper depth was constantly maintained.
The tunnel was built with a slope Of two
feet to the mile in the direction of the
shore. that it might be emptied in case Of
necessity. This was done few years ago
and the tunnel inspected by Chief En-
gineer, now Mayor Cregier. He found it to
be in perfect order, not single crack or
break being visible.
But the most remarkable part of the IN
dertaklng was performed at the lake end of
the tunnel. The crib" was constructed
on shore. 1t is composed of huge GimberS
bOlted together. Tt is 1917 feet high, in
pentagonal form, and nearly 100 feet in
diameter. 1t was built in three sections or
walls, one within the other, all so bOlted
together as to form one vast structure. At
the corners it was armed with iron plates
to protect it from floating ice, or any OBJ
ject in the water. Computed in board
measure" over 6OO,O00 feet Of lumber was
used, together with IS tons of iron bolts
and $500 bales Of oazum for calking. Be-
fore it was moved from the stocks where it
was built 100000 had been expended
upon il.
On July "a. 1865 this vast structure was
launched, and amid great excitement toWed
out to the place selected. There the com
partments between the different sections
were filed with stone, and the crib sunk to
the bottom of the lake, where it was firmly
secured by means of marine mOOring
screws, here used for the first time in
America.
This accomplished, a shaft was sunk like
the one on the shore and the work OF tun-
neiing was begun from the lake end of the
submarine bore The entire length of the
tunnel is 1857 feet, of which about four
hfths was constructed from the shore end.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

On the 24th day Of Novem Der. 1856. the two
sections we're united by cutting away the
barrier Of clay which remained and the
great tunnel was one continuous tube from
the shore to the crib, Two miles away.
1t was believed that the water supply thus
provided for would be adequate for the
needs OF the city or a generation at least
but so enormous was the growth Of Ch1ca-
20 that within six years steps we're taken
to increase il.
Early ia 1872 the Board Of Public Works
purchased ground at the intersection Of
three m les south and more than two miles
west Of the shore end OF the tunnel. where
they propose TO erect new pumping works
The supply Of water vas TO be procured Dy
means Of a tunnel running diagontilly across
the city TO the foot of Chicago avenue.
This second great work was begun July
18th, 1872. and com pie It'd III two years tne
procedure was nearly the same as the 4Est
tunnel. and need not be described, The
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

one at LaSaue street connecting the South
and North Sides, or divisions, Of the city.
They are triumphs of engineering, and cost
in the aggregate about Sl.OOOOOO. Both of
these great submarine thOrOughfa-es have
a double roadway for vehicles and one for
rate from the former. They are lighted by
electricity.
The use of these tunnels has been sold to
the North and West Side Street Railway
companies. The one at LaSaIle street has
been for some time in successful operation,
and the other is now undergoing repairs
and alterations and will soon be in use. In
both the motive power is a cable in cOnnec-
ton with the regular "grip-car' lines. They
do away with delays caused by the opening
OF bridges to permit vessels to pass, and
will prove substantial benefit to the peo~
pie. DWIGHT BALDWIN
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

do good work under such circumstances.
One of the newest designs consists OF a
small silver open-faced watch set in a
leather bracelet that buckles around nv
lady's arm just over the glove and under
the edge Of the sleeve. It enables her to
tell the time o. day without disarranging
her dress, for most ladies conceal their
time pieces in such places in their costume
that it requires Il private room, or at least
the shelter Of a screen, to bring them to
light. Another neat design is a watch sim
liar to the one described above. set in a
pOcket-bOOk or in the handle of an UNI
brella or parasOl These time pieces add
about twenty dollars to the cost of the arr
ticle they adOrn, but those attached to Nc
Allister ball toilets will. in some instances,
cost thousands. if the diamonds be counted
in the estimate.
One Of the most representative of the
ball dresses that found in all my rounds
Of New YOrk's mOdish establishments was
a combination of old brOcade with designs
OF tea-rOses and pale cOIored leaves and
trimming of white guipure. The full apron
front is In white crepe de chine. See No
81 The under gown, visible beneath the
apron, is in black surah pleats, while the
chemisette consists of full quilting Of
black silk gauze. This is a very striking
and artistic design, and one which, with a
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20
ArabeIla's Effort.

"Is, oh, is this really the love ?" said
ArabeIIa Toxins, "that Amelia Ives
and Abb Jinkman describe so thrill
ingIy. Oh, tell me, Adolphus, is it
the same? ?"
at is, my love, answered AdoIphus,
tenderIy, as he gave her a passionate
embrace which nearly disIocated her
left ear. "The very same.
"Are you certain, darling ?" cried
ArabeIla, lifting her beautiful head
from the rigIt-hand corner of his manly
breast. "Oh, let there be no mistake"
Describe your symptoms dearest,
answered Adolphus, gracefully dis
placing q fly which was nesting in her
dimpled chin.
Il feel, said ArabelIa. as she gave a
great guIp, "as if my heart would leap
from my throbbing breast. NY throat
contracts and then expands. The
muscles of my throat leap back and
forth, and my windpipe="
"ArabeIla," interrupted Adolphus,
sadly, Ego no farther; regret your
disappointment, but it's only an old
fashioned hieoough, and-youu have
to try again.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

for It's unWhoIssouae. bsd.sTo9IIi7,1- o. --rsto.
bsslees ms as winter approached. gres5
numbers Of nun1tesimal fishes sought the
snore, and were thence delivered alone
with the water to every household.
An improved water supply thus became
one OF the greatest topics for discussion
Doth by the press and the people AM man
neE OF schemes we're proposed. debated,
ana rejected. At length Mr.. E. S. Ches-
D5IOusl' tne City Engineer originated the
4os4 OF constr Qctlng a tunnel two miles in
length. beneath the bed of Lake Mfchipan
which would literally tap the lake from the
potion at that distance from the shore. and
Gnrough which pure water could be convened
TO the reservoir of the city
AIIer a good deal Of delay to secure sane
IIon IRON Congress and the State Legisla-
lure ana perfect the plans. the contract
was let, for what was indeed, a colossal
undertaking.
On St Patrlck's Day. March II. 1864 the
ursC shOyeLful of earth was removed amid
ceremonies Of an interesting and impress
slVe character and the great undertaking
was commenced. The shore shaft was sunk
on the side OF the old pun ping works. at
the east end of Chicago avenue, on the
shore Of the lake, 1t was made about 9
feet IN diameter, and 69 feet in DEPTH This
was lined Tor rs feet with a cast-fron cylin-
der 3 feet IN diameter and 81 inches in
thickness, below the cylinder The lining
being OF brick.
With the completion of the shaft began
that nice engineering which one of the ed
iTorS OF the London Times, then in Chi
cago, declared to be the greatest OF mod
0EH G4Gl65s
The point in the lake where the tunnel
should terminate had been determined and
marked with buoys, but the great difficulty
was to run it in exactly the right direction,
since the magnetic needle could not be re-
lied upon for surveying below the surface
OF the lake. The only method Of proceed
ure was to run the axis Of the tunnel par
allel with q line drawn over the top Of the
shaft in exactly the right direction.
The work of tunnehng was now begun in
real earnest The width of the tunnel when
bricked up was to be five feet and its height
five feet and two inches, the top and bot
tom arches being semi circles, with two
inches between. The space to be excavated
being limited. but two men could work at
and the work kept up night and day. with
out cessation.
Close behind the miners with their picks
came the masOns with their trOWeIs. The
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

crib is sometimes contaminated by the
sewage, particularly when great storms
rage, and because it had become evident
that the two North Side tunnels would not
long supply the demands OF the rapidly
growing city. The shore shaft is near the
foot Of Twelfth street, two miles south OF
Chicago avenue. 1t will be four miles in
length and is being constructed much like
the others, except that dynamite is en-
plOyed to loosen the clay.
Up to the present time little more than
half a mile has been constructed. For the
first $50 feet it is eight feet in diameter. At
that distance it became necessary to fork it
out into two parallel tunnels six feet in
to unite them further on into the one eight
foot bore, but there is some uncertainty
about it.
tits expected that the entire four-mile
tunnel will be completed in a year and a
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

works consist Of e tunnel seven sect In
diameter and about four miles ia length.
This passes under the city below the bed Of
the EtVsE and the deepest OF the city s fOun-
daGlonss The ground atths Ashland avenue
pumping works Is much higher than at the
lake and considerable power is required to
draw the water through the tunnel
This great underground aqueduct draws
Its supply OF water from the ecribs whose
construction has been described. To ae-
cOmplish this q second tunnel was con-
strucUed under the lake. and run parallel
with the first, about sixty three feet away,
seven feet and two inches high, and has
capacity about double that Of the first one.
At present third great tunnel is in
course OF construction under the waves OF
Lake Michigan. This was determined nd
on because the water now pumped from the
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20
Mindful Of His Infuence.

60, Absalom! p exclaimed Mrs. Ram
DO, tearfully, you were a terrible sight
when you came home last night I"
Anybody sh-shee me beshides you,
Nanshy? ?" inquired Mr.. RambO, steady
ing himself by holding on tightly to a
figure in the wall paper.
Nobody, Absalom.
"Gl-glad to hear it, Nansbyl" re-
sponded Mr.. Rambo. You're Cushioned
to sheein' me when Pm t-terr'bP shight,
y'know. 1 sh'd have been YER shorty, .
he continued, feelingly, "to have shet
sh-shuch an 'xample fore any stran~
gers, Nanshy. &C Chicago Tribune.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

the front breadth and Of the vest. The
sleeves are long and close fitting, high at
the shoulders, and without further RIM
ming than a band of the narrower passe-
menterie down the middle Of the outer
side. The gloves accompanying this toilet
should of course be white.
In my second picture 40. p we have a
dance toilet which is both simple and be-
coming. 1t is arranged in combination OF
white crepe de chine and Louis XVI. bro
cade. the design Of the latter being in alter
nate stripes OF plain gray and yellow
spangled with white daisies. With this
gown white gloves may be worn.
Anon the latest costumes Tor both day
and even ng wear, the extreme pIainneSS OF
the skirts and the simplicity OF the cOrsages
render the use of sumptuOuS materials
and rich trimmings quite unavOid able. The
handsOmest novelties show some unique
combinations of color, particularly OF the
paler shades with black, Gray also appears
in conjunction with almost every other
color.
find that many of the bellies. in making
ready for the McAllister ball, are buying
fanciful watches with which 10 embellish
their toilets.
Never before has there been such a rich
variety of watches for ladies' wear as this
fall. Dainty little time-pieceS are now Of
fered for sale at from SIS to $1,000, each de-
pending on their workmanship and mount
ing. An extremely rich watch that might
be worn as the pendant OF a diamond neck
lace, if its owner were economical only
costs $780, 1t is solid blaze of briuiantSs
and little Of the gold Of the case is visible.
Open-faced watches lead in popularity both
IN silver and gold cases. and the smaller
the watch is the higher it is priced. Small
watches never keep as correct time as large
ones do, but with most ladies' the diminu-
tive sizes are equally as useful as larger
ones would be. Not one woman out of q
dozen treats her watch as it should be
treated. She seldom has regular time for
winding 1t, and no watch is made that will
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

And a small brass tag informs the
passer-by that the lock was manufac.
tured by John Griffen.
Obtaining a two-foot rule, the writer
found that the old paddock was exactly
one foot long eight inches wide and
three and One-half inches thick, while
the hasp, which was evidently forged
out of a heavy iron bar, was an inch
and a half in diameter.
Just think of paddock of the above
extraordinary dimensions being used
at the present time, the key for which
weighs over one pound and which of
itself weighs over twenty-five pounds.
It seems as if it ought to be big enough
and strong enough to keep any prison
door safely locked, and yet it has been
superseded by smaller but better ones.
The owner of this remarkable paddock
said to the writer:
"Ihe lock came into my possession
about four years ago, and has been
hanging where it is now for some time.
L put those brass tags on it, but 9th
erwise it is exactly the same as when
used upon the old prison, which, by the
way, was torn down over 100 years
ago. There have been two other pris-
Ons erected on the same spot, however,
and one is standing there to-day, and
IN 1t all prisoners captured in York
County are confined. John Griffin,
who made the old lock, lived in Al
fred, and there is a hotel there which
was given his name. Boston Globe.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

these sleeves are especially pretty Ior tea
gowns or Tor more elaborate indoor Co4leGss
In the former use the plating may IAN
over q cIose-htting coat Sleeve or In case
it is used upon an evening Dress IL may
reach only to the termination OF the long
cloves. With sleeves OF this character Un6
oOrsaoe is generally worn high in front.
while the vest consists of loose folds OF the
same thin material which also forms the
full drapery on the 'front.' OF the skirt.
A simple, original. and becoming evening
gown for a young lady forms the subject OF
this illustration NO. a. 1t consists OF
white creDOn with an embroidered design
OF iYy-leaves. while broad sash OF pale
green surah falls over the-S trai ghG draper16s
of the back The sleeves, as in many OF
the newest designs. although very tulI.
reach to the elbow, to meet the gloves; ana
mOdesty recommends the dress to those
who find onense IN Dared arms and DO
SONS.
plotted on this McAllister occasion in the
form Of mitts made of kid. and adapted to
the display Of rings. They Will, fancy, De
found very expensive for 1t will be unneces-
sary to remove them during dinner or sup
per, and they will certainly not be improved
in shape in consequence. The glOVers are
confident of their coming popularity, but
think they are peculiarly IN becoming to
the hand, as they spoil the appearance of a
pretty one and accentuat6 the defects OF
one that IS ill-shaped. deliberately en-
broidered gloves in steel and gold, to match
the evening shoes, will also be worn, and
these are all Of kid. anent the derivation OF
which wild stories have lately been afloat.
Finally, let me Trust that the bali toilets
will not be described in the reports Of the
occasion less carefully than have dealt
with the four which have sketched. Men
do make a mess Of such work. must con-
TESS to having read with feelings OF mingled
merriment and awe the elaborate descrip-
tons of gowns worn at the recent royal
wedding at Berlin. The cable would have
been cOnvuIsed by the mess ages if it had
been a woman. Fearful and wonderful is
the language in which the male scribe in
dulaes when he attempts to unravei the
mysteries Of feminine dress. Imagine a
bridal toilet with a center piece, on which
a chaste artistic ornament is embroidered"
or a body" which is adorned with narrow
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

half, after which the city will be insured an
ample supply Of pure water under all cir
cumsGances.
Six hundred and seventy seven miles Of
water mains, varying in size from three to
thirty-six inches in diameter, are in use.
Of sewers there are 1913 miles, varying in
diameter from one to nine feet. Besides,
the streets are flied with cOnduits for tele-
graph, telephone, and electric light wires,
while the gas mains rival in extent those of
the water department.
There are two passenger tunnels under
the Chicago River, one at Washington street
connecting the South and West Sides, and
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

Later on. in the same report. we read Of
another robe Of blue damask"-a fabric
always painfully suggestive OF curtains
with piece of tiffany inserted in the left
side" To the ordinary mind tiffany" sug-
gests absolutely nothing, unless. maybe, it
is the masculine form of "taffetas." Very
quaint also is this mans description of "a
mild pink crepe de chine drawing room
dress" It is comic, too, TO read of the
handkerchief adorned with fancy seams.
Woman is a mystery to man. and so are
her clothes. DAISY DART.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20
Do People Bite when They Love8

Bobby Crash (six years o1d)-Papa,
do people bite when they love each
other?
Papa Crash-No, my child, But why
do you ask:
Bobby Why, when Mr.. Whitechok-
er, the preacher, was here the other
day he said the Bible says we must
love one another. Then ma sat on his
knee and he bit her IN the mouth, and
she bit him IN the mouth mofe'n forty
tinaes.-Des AE0jq2eS Graphic.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20
a Snrnrisa.

hr- NicefellOw Ito adored ones little
brother)-Therel You did that errand
very nicely. Here's penny for you.
Little brother-Oh, ma Mr.. Nice,
fellow gave me a penny.
Maxwell, my dear, of course you
should say"
Little BrOther-Yes I know, I should
say thank you, but I was so s'prised /
forgot. You said he hadn't a cent
NelU York WeekIv.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

1 ADMIRE great men of all classes.
those who stand for facts and for
thoughts; I like rough and smooth. I
applaud q sufficient man. an officer
equal to his Office. Sword and staff.
or talents sword-Iike or like.
carry On the work Of the world.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1889-12-20

high cOrsage and ordinary materials,
would make pretty dress for daytime.
1t would seem as If the reign Of sleeve
less dresses must be nearing its end
n any Of the latest Paris importattOns show
sleeves reaching to the wrist Ia any of the
shapes common to walking or visiting
toilets. Another novel design consists in
a C. epe-hke sleeve Of accordion plaits fall-
ing loosely from the shoulder to Just below
the elbow. When made Of crepe or some
thin, fine material harmonizing in color
with the prevailing shade Of the costume