Wichita eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1886-1890, 1889-05-05
ELECTRICAL SCIENCE.
An Instrument BY Means Of which Else.
xicaa Enects Arc Produced Under Com
difions Which Had Been Thought
TO Mako Them Impossible.

In order to render description Of the ex.
perinents and their results clear, il will bs
necessary at the outset to describe briefly
| the nature OF the invention And here. SAYS
| the London Times, we must first refer to the
| wellknown fact that, il telephone be
inserted in a wire situated near to line OF
telegraph wires, every passing current win
| produce noises in the telephone, noswith-
| standing that the telephone wire Is perfect
| ly insulated from the telegraph wires.
These noises are known as induction noises,
and 1t was while investigating the phenom-
| ena Of induction with the view of devising
| means 70 obviate its effects in telephones
| that Mr.. Ian gton- Davies made the discov-
| cry which has led To the important results
| under consideration. His Investigations
| lee him to the conclusion that Induction was
caused by some form Of electrical force,
| which might be separated from currents
and which would psssdrsely through insu-
iations, impassable bycurrents. He further
| concluded that, II this wereso, q new series
of instruments might be constructed for the
utilization of this force, and capable of be-
! ing put in operation in company with cur
rent instruments on the same wire His con-
| illusions have been proved tobe perfectly cor
| rect by what has since resulted from the de-
| velopment of the principle Instruments
! have been made which represent q system
| OF communication of the highest practical
utility, and by means of which Mr.. Langdon-
! Davies has added distinct and independent
| chapter TO the history OF electrical develop
| Elent The only form OF electrical force
which finds free passage through these in
struments appears TO be always capable Of
being associated with sound. The inventor
has therefore denominsaed the force ''pho-
noporic impulse" and the instrument the
''phonopore."
II is certainly very remarkable. and 70
some II may appear almost incredible, that
| phonoporic messages can be transmitted
and received through an ordinary line wire
by the phonopore. while at the same time
telegraphic messages are being transmitted
and received through the same wire by tho
ordinary telegraptac apparatus. No less re-
marksble is It. but il is no less a fact, that
the phonoporic instruments have no con-
Quoting circuit through thsm. The phono-
pore gives uninterrupted passage 70 cleo
tricai effects capable OF being associated
with sound. although IL does not permit tho
passage of electric currents. Externally
the phonoporio trnnsmitter resembles an
ordinary Morse key, mounted upon base
about four inches high, containing an instru-
ment somewhat similar TO an induction coil
The impulses are generated in a specially
constructed primary circuit, over which is
wound, in place of u secondary circuit, a
phonopore, consisting of two wires insu-
lated from each other throughout their
whole length aud ut both ends. Each OF
these wires, however, n connected at one
end to the line. The number of phonoporic
impulses generated per second in the trans
mitter is regulated by the vibrations OF an
orSan-reed placed in the primary circuit
Another reed tuned TO the same rate OF vibra-
ton Is placed as q receiver at the distant sta
ton. In front Of an electromagnetic and the
phonoporic impulses from the transmitter
cause IL To vibrate. A special form of con
tact breaker, operated by the receiver
reed, completes local relay circuit when
the reed is still. but breaks 1t whenever the
reed vibrstcs at it's proper rate, thereby
setting in action any required instrument
in connection with any battery. Divested
of It's technical surroundings, the phonopors
presents itself as a small and simple APP
paratus, consisting only'of apair of insulated
copper wires.
We now turn TO its practical application.
and 70 make this clear We will suppose that
al ordinary telegraph line from one town
10 another is provided At each end with the
usual telegraph instruments aud that, owing
10 increase OF business IL becomes necessary
10 provide some additional means of com
munication. ALI that Is now accessory IL
70 attach 10 the line az each end a phOnopore,
without 10 any way altering the existing
instruments, batteries or limo. Tho pho
nopore can be worked at tho same time
as the ordinary telegraph instruments, and
one line is thus made 10 do the work OF
two. II thsiine is already duplexed by or
binary dsplex telegraph Instruments, the
addition 81 the phonopore will QuedrupleK
H. II the hne is-as a few trunk lines are
-qusarspleIsd, the pbonoporic instruments
wiIl "sexsupiex" o. "octppssx" IT, Indeed,
it would seem difficult ~ present to
assign any limit 70 the multplex
carrying capacity Of the new system.
Upon the artificial line which Mr. LanRdon-
Davies has set ep Ia his laboratory messages
were Transmitted at tue recent demopstra-
ton, frs, by the ordinary telegraph instru-
ments alone, and secondly by a phonoporic
instrument aioao. In the naxt place the or
binary telegraph instrument and the phono-
pore were worked together in opposite ci-
rections cfspIcx- after sbich the ordinary
instruments and The phnnoporevers worked
together In the same directiondEplsx. The
final experiment. consisted In shs ordinary
/ telegraph and both the phonoporc tsssgraphs
being worked together simultane osssly
through the single line The thEse mes
sages were perfectly transmitted, although
some Of the operators had 10, previously
used The phonoporic Instruments These
experiments proved not only TIN complete
possibility of simultaneous working, but
that the phonopore can be arranged 70 WORK
ordinary telegraph instruments, and thAs
when Used in duplex Or guadrup!eI work e
requires no special regulating or balancing.
They also proved that any wire slready pro
vi6ed with an ordinary service can iBstsrs-
~ be dupleIed By merely attaching the
phonopore instruments. On q second arti-
hciai Line there were installed two harmon
ic phonopore soundef telegrspns, consii-
tusiag duplex service without any ar
/ rangemept whatever 70 balance TIE lines.
and working through resistance egaivs-
/ lea; u that u shot. 9. 100 niles Of seiegrzph
wire Messages -ers perfectly trzasrsit-
ted through this Line IL both di-sctlons -
the sane tine
Remarkable Hog Statistics.
Some rather startling computations hzvs
been made on tAs suoIec< u hog-brr~ding.