davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16

greater variety of subjects than any OF
the so-called learned professions, The
man who only knows how to turn good
furow, prepare the soil for the seed, stop
the growth of weeds and promote the
growth of the plant, has not mastered the
art of successful farming. Nor has the
man who knows only how to raise fine
horses, sleek cattle or fat swine, or how
to fertilizc his fields to the best advan-
tagc, raise the best corn or potatoes or the
highest yield of oats or barley. The man
who to-day really makes thorough sue
elements of knowledge and many more.
It used to be said that any fool could
cess as a farmer must combine all these
be farmer, but at the present day peo-
Pile begin to realize the fact that the
farmer needs the most education. The
time has gone by when the haphazard,
slipshod, go-as-you-pleasc methods of
farming can be made to pay. What would
be thought of the manufacturer who did
not know to the fraction of cent the
cost of tho raw material and labor put
into a yard of cloth, or the manufacturer
of leather who did not know the exact
cost of the material and labor required
TO make case of boots and shoes. And
yet how many farmers can tell the cost of
pound of butter or pork, bushel of
potatoes or corn, or ton of hay2 They
sell their products for what they can get
offered, not knowing whether they are
| making or losing.
The remedy is this: When farmers
como to realize that farming is business
as well as manufacturing or banking or
buying and selling goods, and by care
full keeping of accounts learn to figure
the cost of every article they produce,
then successful beginning will have
been made. Let them keep debt and
credit with every acre of corn, potatoes
or grain. Charge each acre with the in
terest on its value, the probable amount
of fertilizing material used by the crop,
the cost of labor in its care. Credit it
with the market value of the crop pro-
duced. The difference between the two
will represent the profit or loss. A like
account should be kept with the herd of
cows. If any one of the number entails a
loss upon you dispose of her. Keep a strict
account with the orchard, if you have
one. Debit it with the labor employed
in its care and in the harvesting Of its
fruit. Credit it with the value of its
golden product and learn from the balance
on the right side of the ledger that it is
one of your best friends. The farmers
book is one of reference, to which he can
at any time refer for date or article
bought or sold, and price given or re-
ceived for the same. Having learned to
calculate the costs of the products of the
farm, the next business is to know how
to sell them. Make study of the mar
kets and learn for yourselves the prices of
those things you wish to sell.-Meso York
Herald.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
The Mystery of Living.

The mystery of living is again the
problem with those that have to rent,
and how to live well and cheaply on ones
income perplexes the housekeeper. The
affluent class know nothing of the petty
economies, the pinchings here and there
and the hardships endured by the wage
workers wife, who has family to sup
port, dress and live well on salary Of
from 5000 to $1,000 year. To this class
rent is, of course, the first consideration.
On basis of $50 week, or $1,000 a year,
a family cannot well afford to pay more
than SIS month, or the basis of "a 6
week, for rent; then, we'll say, it would
cost S. more for the table, divided al
follows: Coal, three bushels week,
seventy-five cents; meat, 81 so; groceries
milk, sugar, etc., 1925; oil, fifteer
cents, .incidentals, thirty-five cents; total
S.. This, on salary of $40 week
would leave 81 for clothing, amufe
ments and contingencies.-Nep YaI
Star.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
SELECT SIFTINGS.


White ink Is the last craze.
An electric fire engine is new inven-
ton.
A "sneezing party" is the latest Maine
diversion reported.
Eli Whitney's cotton gin does as much
work as five thousand persons.
The word "collar," from the Latin
collum, the neck, meant originally a
peculiar badge Of knighthood.
Felicie Viart, professional beggar,
died the other day in New Orleans, La,
at the age of seventy-two, leaving S72,-
900.
There is school teacher in Tuscarawas
County, Ohio, who is forty years old, and
has never been twenty-five miles away
from home.
Amani in Western Dakota saw blizzard
born. 1t started on the top of bare hill
and was ball of white fog no larger than
his hat when he first saw it.
King George III, of England, had a
watch not larger than tive-cent piece,
which had 100 parts, the whole not
weighing quite 50 much as a ten-cent
piece.
The population of Imperial Rome at
the time Of its siege by the Goths, dur
ing the reign of Honorius, is given by
Gibbon at 10000 The facts of
history and the statistics bearing on this
subject are very meager.
Not long ago, up in Buffalo, N. Y,
John Grabenstetter and wife celebrated
the twenty fifth anniversary of their mar
rage by walking to the church in which
they were married at the head of pro-
cession of twelve children and one grand
child.
Jack the Ripper has been succeeded by
Jack the Clipper. The latter has made
his appearance in the streets of Dublin,
Ireland, armed with pair of scissors,
with which he cuts off the flowing tresses
of little girls who are so unlucky as to
fall in his way.
The Paris Bourse, or stock exchange,
organized in the beginning of the four
tenth century by an ordinance of
Philippe lie Bel, is admirably fortified
against financial outbreaks. 1t is a
corporation, heavily licensed, submitted
to severe regulations, limited in the num-
Der of its members, and responsible as q
body for their affairs.
An ingenious person who was getting
up popular entertainment in London,
Sin aid of well-known charity" wrote
to business man as follows: "1t has
occurred to me that you might be inclined
to support so good a cause-say on these
terms: If you will take seven seventy
five cent tickets will cause the ventrilo-
quist to refer to your firm
and business. If you agree to this, I
will write the 'wheeze' myself, or will
adopt any you may send"
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
Moorish Wells and Entertainments,

Wells are the most characteristic feature
of that riverless country, Tripoli, North
Africa. Look where you will, you see in
every direction the two upright posts of
whitewashed stone or clay that mark the
wells mouth, and the wooden crosspiece
from which the bucket hangs outlined
against the sky like primeval gallows.
The very fields with their high earthen
entertainments, form natural tanks, within
which, thanks to small trenches and tiny
dams of earth few inches high, the
surface is cut into miniature reservoirs
mot unlike the squares of a huge chess
boardD in which the torrent rains which
fall at short intervals from November till
March are retained and allowed to sink
into the ground, instead of running to
waste asin South Africa.
These embankments give quite a
peculiar character to the whole landscape
in these parts. In following any local
road you find yourself from first to last
struggling along the bottom of very
deep, dusty, tortuous ditch, shut in by
huge banks of earth, crested with the
spiky shields of the terrible "prickly
pear" At times these banks are replaced
by high, blank, white walls of stone OF
baked clay, from the top of which wolfish
Mohammedan dogs bark at every passing
Christian. What with the walls and
what with the banks you see as little of
the surroundinglcountry as if you were In
"a tunnel; but in truth you have quite
enough to do in picking your way, fol
ever and anon the whole breadth of the
road is taken up by monstrous puddle
of half liquid mud Ia relic of the winter
'rains), leaving tiny isthmus few
inches broad between it and the wall.
Should you be unlucky enough to en-
encounter at one of these critical points
frightened camel or file of laden
donkeys, it is likely to go hard with you
for whether they push you off into
the.mud or splash through 1t themselve.
to let you pass, you are pretty certain te
come out of the dilemma good dea
dirtier than you went into it.-Ne,o Yorl
Ty71os
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16


Thomas A. Edison has brought suit In
equity IN the United States court against
Kara Gilliland OF Boston and Lawyer Tom
linson Of New York City for the recovery OF
S2o0, 900. According TO the complaint Ed
son employed the defendants last year 10 sell
his rights in the photograph, which, II Is al
legged, he parted with for 500, 600, while the
defendants are charged with having made
an inside profit of $3.50, 900 by the transact
ton.
Tho Temps says the French Cabinet has
a. cidod 10 submit to parliament Its rev
scheme In aid OF the Panama Canal company.
The mines Of the Charters Block Coal
company, at Toms Run, a few miles from
CHARTERS Pa, was the scene of a terrific
explosion OF fire damp recently, resulting In
the instant death Of four Hungarian miners
and great damage to the mine.
1t Is reported that the New York state
superintendent OF ranks, Willis s. Paine, has
placed his resignation In the hands Of Gov.
Hin,
Mrs, Mary Smith and her daughter Of
Akron, o., are now believed TO have been
killed In the recent terrible railroad disaster
near Hamilton, Ontario.
Collector Erhardt has decided a dispute of
long sanding between New York customs
authorities and merchants. The decision In
wolves nearly 81, 500, 900 annually, and is the
result Of several Investigations, Invoices Of
manufactured worsted goods have been
found by the appraiser TO contain large
quantities Of wool, and have therefore be N
appraised under section 362 Of the tariff law,
which calls for duty Of IS cents per pound
and 85 per cent. ad valorem ON all wooden
goods under the value Of so cents per pound.
viceroy Ii Hung Chang OF China has Is
sued a proclamation notifying manufactur-
ers and dealers that they will be punished II
guilty Of adulteration Of merchandise for
export
The Royal Yacht squadron has appointed
a committee, including the prince OF Wales
and the marquis Of Ormonde, to which will
be referred any difficulty that may arise In
connection with the competition for the
America cup.
The steamer Cheniston from St. John, N.
B., for Liverpool, has landed at Low Point
G. B., William Dowdell and John Grant,
belonging to the Gloucester schooner John G..
Whittier, They lost their vessel In fog,
and were three days in their dory.
The Georgia Alliance has contracted with
cotton mills for 2, 00O, 600 yards of cotton bag
ging to be delivered the first Of
August. The bagging is to be not less than
81 inches wide and to average 10 ounces to
the yard, the manufacturers agreeing to take
the cotton as covered at 10 cents additional
per 100 pounds, TO cover the loss Of weight in
light covering. The bagging will be made
by tho Lane Mills, New Orleans, and tho
West Point Mills, Georgia.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
FATE OF THE MoNoNGAHELA.
Naval Officers Think She Has Beer
Wrccked-No Tidings.

The fear is growing at the navy depart
ment that the United States ship Mononga-
hela, which was sent out with stores for our
fleet in Samoa, will never be heard from
again. The vessel has been out IS days from
San Francisco when the last steamer left
Apia, and the run from San Francisco to
Samoa ought not to have taken over 40 days.
If the Monongahela had reached Apia, it
would certainly have been reported to the
department, for commanders are required to
report the arrival of their vessels, and our
government has an officer at Auckland, in
Australia, for the especial purpose of re-
porting the news from Samoa Navy Off
GERS fear that the Monongahela was
near Samoa when the great storm of
March Is struck, and that she went down.
The fact that the ship carried heavy
deckload Of coal would have made it difficult
to handle her in heavy blow She was an
old craft launched in 1862. She was con-
verted from steamer into sailing vessel in
1872, which would naturally tend to weaken
her. The complement of the ship Is five Off
GERS and fifty men, Commander George f..
Wingate, who is in command of the vessel,
is from New Hampshire, aud is regarded as
one of the most prudent and efficient officers
IN tho service
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
KILLED FOUR ZUNIS.
Three Red-Handed Cowboys Cap
tured in Mexico.

Three Red-Handed Cowboys Cap
tured in Mexico.
The three cowboys who killed four Zuni
Indians at Wingate were captured near
Albuquerque, Mex, May 10. Their names
are James Sommerville, David Hamm and
Robert Davis. The cowboys were en- route
to ranch in the neighborhood, and observ-
ing a number of cattle. drove off dozen or
more The stock belong d to the Indian :
and as soon as they discovered the theft they
made after the cowboys, demanding their
stock. Argument proving futile, the Indians
attempted to take the cattle, when Sommer-
vile pulled his weapon and shot one of the
Indians dead. The firing then became gem
eral The cowboys proved to be the best
marksmen, and killed all four Indians.
Davis was shot through the body but his
companions placed him on his horse and then
fed. The matter was reported to the sheriff,
who with posse captured the murderers.
Sommerville Is q we'll horse and cattle
thief
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
THE FARM AND GARDEN.
LIME ON SOUR SOILS.

Lime applied to sour and unproductive
soils neutralizes the vegetable acids that
are poisonous to the farmers crops, unlocks
barnyard manures and other fertilizers
applied to and found in the soil, and al.
lows them to operate freely; brings nitro
gen from the air around and in the soil,
and feeds plants with this invaluabl,
plant food, and gives small part of It's
overweight dissolved in water to sustain
plants.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
SQUIRRELS Raised by a Cat.

Some few weeks ago Russell Rice, a
farmer living near Scottsburg, Ind,
found a nest of five young squirrels in
the woods and took them home and
placed them in care of the family cat.
The cat at once adopted the squirrels and
raised them in the same manner as she
would have done her own young. The
squirrels are now half grown and deeply
attached to their foster-mother, and
when separated from her the other day
and placed in the courtyard park, they
acted almost like kittens, but are fast
learning to climb the trees in the manner
Of their nature. Cincinnati Enquirer.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
CRONIN IN TORONTO.
He Fled from Chicago because He
Was Threatened by Clan-na.

Was Threatened by Clan-na-
DR.. Cronin, whose disappearance from
Chicago caused such sensation, has turned
up in Toronto Being pressed for his reason
for leaving Chicago so quietly, he said that
he discovered that the large quantities OF
money being received by certain persons for
the Irish cause were not handled properly,
and that not more than three quarters OF 1t
ever reached Ireland.
81 know" he stated, shat at least SIS, 900
was gobbled up by certain parties in Chicago,
and when began to call the turn on them
they tried to bride me. Later was put in
possession of unquestionable proof that the
Clan-na-G Gael Society had dec ded that my
life should be taken. A man was appointed
as my executioner and preparations were in
active progress to accomplish the deed
Enough to say that l made up my mind to
fly. You know the rest"
When asked what move he intended max
ing next, the doctor stated that he would go
to France as soon as possible. Then" said
he, II will make some disclosures which will
open the eyes of the public generally and
make the hair stand on the heads of several
Chicago and New York gentlemen"
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
HOME.
A man can build a mansion

A man can build mansion
And furnish il throughout;
A man can build a palace,
With lofty walls and stout;
A man can build temple,
With high and spacious dome;
But no man in the world can build
That precious thing called Home,
II Is the happy faculty
OF women, far and wide,
To turn cot or palace
Into something else beside
Where brothers, sons and husbands, tired,
With willing footsteps come;
A place of rest where love abounds,
A perfect kingdom-Home,
london Spectator
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
TWIN CREEK "HOEDOWN."
Two Men Shot by A Virginian ate,
Several OuarrelS

Two NICH bIIOt Nv n TTs 'H1UH UIVCE
Several Quarrels.
There was "hoedown" on Twin Creek
about 10 miles below Portsmouth, o. Sew
eral trough characters" were in attendance,
among them Wilson and Amos Cooper,
brothers and Henry Nickels. The latter
had several quarrels with the Cooper boys
and had warned them to keep their dis
lance" At the dance they picked on Nick
els. Hot words passed, followed by two
pistol shots in quick succession and the fall
lug of Wilson and Amos Cooper t, the floor.
An examination showed that Wilson had
been shot through the helrt and Amos
through the left temple Nickels, who did
the shooting is Virginian. He made no
attempt to escape, but has not been ar
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
THE LoNG-coNT1NUED USE OF FERTILIZERS.

The following query with its reply APP
peared in recent bulletin issued by the
Georgia State Agriculture Department: :.
Question-It is fact, as regards this
section, that the unfertilized land, age
and wear considered, will not produce as
it did before commercial fertilizers were
used. Why is it2 2. Or has the long
continued use of fertilizers made their
use necessity This theory is true as
to the human system, is it also true as to
the soil and plants.
Reply 1t is because larger crops
have been annually taken off the soil than
if no fertilizers had been used. The fer
tilizer added to the soil stimulates the
plant to appropriate and the soil to yield
to the plant more of the elements of plant
food contained in the soil naturally than
if no fertilizer were applied. If the fer
tilizer applied does not contain the ele-
ments Of plant food in the proportions de-
manded by the invariable composition Of
the crops cultivated, especially if the
lacking element is the one in which the
soil is most deficient, the soil will soon
become destitute of the deficient element,
at least in an invariable form as plant
food. 1t will then no longer pro
duce as good crops as formerly,
unless the deficiency be made up. The
element most commonly applied which
exerts this socalled stimulating effect OIL
the soil is ammonia, which causes vigor.
Gus growth of stem and foliage, and thus
demands an increased quantity of the ele
ments already in the soil and returns {
larger crop. Of course, the soil will soor
exhibit signs of exhaustion under sucl
treatment, especially when it is Iemem
bered that more of the elements of fer
tility in the soil are annually washed ava,
by the rains than are removed in thu
crops produced on the land
2. There is no doubt of the fact tina
the continued use of fertilizers becomes
necessity when we continue to cultivat,
the same land in clean crops, like corr
and cotton. Precisely the same is tru,
OF the use of stable manure. 1t was
necessity that first induced its use; j
does not become any more necessity. /
an acre of soil contains the necessar,
plant food, mostly in unavailable form, t.
produce 1000 bushels of corn before i
will have become entirely exhausted, ant
ordinary continuous cultivation in tina
crop, without manure, would reach tn
stage of exhaustion in 100 years, would
it be bad policy to fertilize the land ant
cause it to yield the 1000 bushels.of COR
in twenty -tive years.
The soil cannot be likened to the hu
man body in comparison of the sor
suggested; it is the plant that sustain
that relation. The plant in the one,cas
and the human body in the other-src tn
objects to be supplied with food. Tn
theory has no such application.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
woULD-BE TRAIN wRECKERs.
A Plnkerton Detective Makes Tw,
Important Arrests at Canton, D.

IA
Important Arrests at Canton, U.
Detective Morris of the Pinkerton office in
Chicago, arrested at Canton, O., Tom sadler,
an ex-convict, charged with attempting to
wreck the limited vestibule New York and
Chicago express on the Pittsburg, Fort
Wayne s. Chicago railroad. Another party
was also arrested whose identity is being held
secret for fear it may give warning to Others
wanted on the same charge, and whose early
arrests are expected. Two att mpts were
made to wreck the train near Canton few
nights apart about a month ago. Rails and
ties were strapped on the track, but luckily
sne distractions were discovered before the
trai., arrival
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
FARMING AS A BUSINESS.

Probably no occupation is carried OF
with so little regard to business rules a.
that of farming. The farmer require.
more education and knowledge of ,
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
THE LASH IN DELAWARE.
About 100 People See IL Prisoners
Whipped at New Castle.

Five negroes and seven whites were
whipped at New Castle. Del, for larceny,
highway robbery and horse stealing. Three
lashes and one hour in the pillory each, and
one of the negroes took 20 lashes and one
hour in the pillory for horse stealing. About
$50 spectators were present.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
sLOCUM's LONG VOYAGE.
He Sails from Brazil to New York In a
Three Ton Boat.

Three Ton boat.
The three-ton boat Liberdale, in which
Capt. Joshua Slocum, with his wife and two
children, left Paranagua, Brazil, on June "a
last. arrived at Staten Island May II, after
a voyage of over 1000 miles. Capt. Slocum
says the trip on the whole was most enjoy
able one. During the long voyage many Sc
we're storms were encountered, but the little
boat, he says, ''weathered them all like a
dauntless sea bird
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16

Nearly 100000 sheep have been
guaranteed to frozen meat company of
New Zealand, for shipment to London
during the season Of 1ss9-9O. .s-------
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16
FLAX SEED AND OIL CAKE.

The Live Stock Record is asked to state
the difference in the value of flax seed
and oil meal for feeding purposes. The
farmer who raises flax seed and cannos
get satisfactory price concludes that if
oil meal is good, flax seed must be better.
1t is true that flax seed has more fatten-
ing qualities than oil meal, but taking
into account the difficulty of grinding
and other matters in connection we re-
gard oil meal as the full equivalent in
feeding value of an equal weight of flax
seed. One hundred pounds of fax seed
contains nearly three times as much fat as
oil meal and twenty per cent. less sugar
and starch, or to be accurate, 81. As
pounds of the elements that form muscle
and growth, whilst oil cake contains but
1885 pounds of fat and heat-formers and
thirty pounds of flesh-formers. The oil
cake has more crude fiber, which is value
less, and nearly twice the amount of ash
or bone material. AS the protein or
flesh-forming elements are the most val
liable, it will be seen at Il glance that for
growing stock the oil cake is worth more I
pound for pound, than the oil meal, I
whilst the difficulty of grinding the seed
and the waste and danger of feeding it
raw preclude its use in fattening except
in such small quantities as may be readily
boiled and greatly diluted for calves and
pigs.
It need hardly be mentioned that both
these foods are very rich and should be
fed very carefully and in small quantities
at first, but oil meal properly fed is one
of the most valuable and in proper pro-
portions one of the cheapest foods, not
withstanding its high price. It is fed to
greatest advantage to pigs and colts and
growing calves in combination with foods
which are lacking in the elements of
which it has an excess.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-05-16

A Wisconsin school teacher who has
done twenty-one years service is granted
q pension by the State.