davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hot Springs star. (Hot Spings [Hot Springs], Dakota [Dakota Territory, i.e. S.D.]) 1886-189?, 1889-02-22

The two houses then separated and the
Joint convention was dissolved. Ths record
of the declaration of the vote of the Joint
convention was entered upon the Journals
hut the ADMINISTRATION of the oath OF office
on March 4 to make Benjamin Harrison
President and Levi L. Morton Vice Presi.
dent Of tho United States.
The Hot Springs star. (Hot Spings [Hot Springs], Dakota [Dakota Territory, i.e. S.D.]) 1886-189?, 1889-02-22

lsur. DrMg1ist ~ General Dea,e. ,cfu ne: Perm.
SMu JOi' ton Y not ItetdH IL xf0c1, Of Ii tcVI be sent
" my on receipt Vt 2, tanis Is IDres $iyO) Ia yaInTps
sample schs on receipt Ut a.ccne stamp,
The Hot Springs star. (Hot Spings [Hot Springs], Dakota [Dakota Territory, i.e. S.D.]) 1886-189?, 1889-02-22
elopllE PopvlAa ipI7;oN o1 Elca YAsfA
COCK BOOK
81 wonder Grimes has any friends,
His manner grows so surly;
No matter where we chance to meet,
Or whether late or carly,
TITS just the same: he cannot stay,
Aud hurcly ansWcrs n .vood day.sW

Largo. Quarto, with handsome Chrome cover and
cci,taining all .he receipt that appear IN tho cxpcn.
tcopics for si.od. Send Postal Notes or stamps.
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
MIR. DAVIS HOUSE, BRAUvoIR

In November, 1861, general election was
held, and President Davis and Vice President
Stephens were reelected for the full term Of
six years. Feb. IS, 1862, the first congress
under the permanent constitution assembled
in Richmond; on the 22d, President Davis
was inaugurated, and delivered carefully
prepared message. Disasters had already set
in to continue with scarcely an intermission
for three months. Before President Davis
was this ominous situation: In all the Con-
federate states there were not quite 1000, 900
white people, among whom the per cent. of
r,en capable of bearing arms surpris-
ingiy small. In the Federal or ''adhering
states" excluding all the doubtful and dis
puted strip, were at least Is, 200, 900 white
people, among whom the per cent Of adult
males was phenomenally. one might say un-
naturally, large.
By the census of 1860 the south contained
about 100000 more women than men, the
north about 400, 900 more men than women; !;
SO the north could send into the field coo, 600
men and still have at home percentage of
men equal to that of the south in peace. OF
the enormous immigration Of lS45l6l, con-
sisting largely of young and strong men, only
per cent. had located in the south. This
explains the paradox that such states as Kan
sas and Nevada sent larger per cent. of
their total population iuto the field than any
state of the south, and yet had many more
men left at home than older states ever have
during the longest peace The disparity in
wealth far greater-by some estimates
four times as great. Without accepting SO
strong a statement it may yet be admitted
that the Federals were three times as numer-
Gus and eight times rich as the ConfedeF-
RteS
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

b lived for eight years the quiet hfe OF .
cotton planter Then came "crfsis;" the
annexation Of Texas may be taken as tho
first issue owe, which distinctively northern
and southern parties confronted each other.
In 1S43 Lieut.. Davis took an active and most
elective part In the state campaign and tn
1874 be was one IT the Democratic electors
for Mississippi In fs4o he was elected .
Of that year tnok his seat In the house Il
retrospect after the lsnS sesd0n Of lS4o 80. II
was thought mild
Mr. Davis te,ok active part III the dis
cushions the tariff. the Oregon boundary
issue. the Nc1iran I'm: roglie. and the slavery
question 80 far =. IL rasn- up. but his speeches
at that time Indicate position far more
moderate than was after wards attributed to
him 1t r. Of no great consequence now. but
worth noting a. curious matter OF history,
that IN rhe heated discussions regarding
Texas the threats Of dislnion came largely
from the extreme northern men, while the
mort eloquent culosics upon Che union cam.
from the south In speech on the Oregon
question. Feb. g. ls4S. Mr.. Davis said:
From sire to son has descended the love
Of union In our hearts, a. In our history are
mingled the names Of Concord and Camden.
Of Yorktown and Saratoga, Of Moultrie and
Plattsburg. Of Chippewa and Erie, Of New
Orleans and Bunker Hill. Grouped together
they form a monument to the common glory
Of our common country. and where Is the
southern man who would wish that that
moHument were less by ono Of tho northern
names that constitute the massf
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
COL. JEFFERSON DAVIS.

Hh Heroic and Successful Action st
Buena Vista.
While Mr.. Davis was active In congress In
July. the First regiment Of Mississippi volun-
teers enrolled for the Mexican war elected
him their colonel He resigned at once, over
took his regiment at Rev Orleans, organized
and drilled 1t to q high state OF efficiency,
and early in September was on the Rio
Grande, In the army Of his father-in-law.
Cen Zachary Taylor A few days later he
bore conspicuous part In the Siege and
storming Of Monterey, and. as commissioner.
aided IN drawing up the terms Of capitula-
ton.
Five months OF comparative quiet followed,
and then came the erowniug glory Of his
military career, tho achievement Of which.
moro than all eise, fixed him firmly in the
affections Of the southern people, aided him
effectively at each turning point in his subse-
quent career, made him secretary Of war and
finally president of the Southern Confeder-
acy. This WAS his gallantry, GOODNESS in dan
ger and soldierly skill at the battle Of Buena
Vista, Feb. q, 1877
In July, 1916, Mr. Davis wns In congress. in
September he was leading his regiment
against Monterey; in February, is47, he was
at Buena Vista, and July Of the same year
found him again peaceful planter, the regi
uent's term Of service having expired. In
August, lS47, the governor Of Mississippi ap
pointed him a United States senator to I'll
a vacancy: tho legislature In lS4s reelected
him to complete tho term. and In 1850 re-
elected him for full term The ever mem
orable congress Of Is49-5i, at Its long session
had adopted tho noted ''compromise meas
ure," but fully satisfied neither party.
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
WAR SECRETARY DAVIS.

Ills Able Administration oS the War De-
partment.
March {, 1855, President Franklin Pierce
named Col Jefferson Davis as secretary of
ar That Of Pierce was a strong cabinet,
s,d secretary Davis was certainly among the
-;rongest men In It Men Of all parties agree
LAT his administration Of the war depart
lent was marked by ability and energy, and
:;.any old officers testify that Of all secre
-nes tn their time Col Davis was tsave for
Is quarrel with Gen. Scott most popular
nth the army. He reorganised almost tho
attire service, drafted q now code Of army
EQUATIONS, introduced the light infantry
r:.1e system Of tactics, tried the experiment
eamels for transportation on the south
.scstern deserts, added four regiments to the
.egular army, and improved the entire sys-
e a Of seA coast defensea. He also had tho
boundaries between Mexico and tho United
.;;ates hxed accurately, and secured the COM
;,.cte survey and almost the adoption Of the
.,uthern route for Pacific railroad he
..s Capt George B. Mcclellan and two
ether officers to the Crimea 10 study tho mill
s...y tactics Of the armies there nn 1S54-'5),
s:i was - pleased with their report that he
retained warm personal feelings for them
Zen tA rough tho civil war
With the events Of President Pierce's ad.
.,.,iistration congress and tho country may
be said to have entered In run course upon
tie proceedings which led 10 tho civil war.
II Is not to b expected that any American
.".,.ld at this time take dispassionate aud
philosophical view. Of that part Of history
AL that remains then Is TO recite the princi-
;..l events and quote briefly tho matureti
..r.gment Of friends and foes
At his retirement from tho cabinet in
:S.rch. 1887, tho legislature Of Mississippi had
-:scted Mr.. Davis as United States senator
riur the term to closs March 4, 1869 He
r;nnged It once into the heated debates Of the
,i:l;e, maintaining the rather extreme southern
vicw, and with an ability and courtesy which
-.irited warm praise oven from his foe& The
..;:ior Of Harpers Weekly hes this aketch OF
lIu In 1883:
I'm the north, Col Davis h regarded
-'.newhat unjustly. Perhaps-as type Of the
suthern 6re eater. Many persons who have
never seen him fancy him quarrelsome, petu-
laat, hot headed, turbulent. His appearance In
the senate does not justify thess views A prini,
mnooth ldoking man, with precise manner.
sti6 soldierly carriage, and cold expression
his head fuller, seemingly, Of statistics and
hard, dry principles than anything else; his
voice cool and firm, without tremor or ex.
citemeot; be = the last person spectator
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

Mississippi had appointed him commander in
chief OF all her forces, With the rank OF major
general On the 4th of February, 1861. dele
gates from several states convened in Mont
gomery, Ala, and soon adoptal corst;tu-
ton for the Confederate states On tile 9th
the convention unanimously elected Jefferson
Davis president Alexander H. Stephens was
named for vice president and i,laugurate,l at
once On the 10Th Mr. Davis arrived: on
tho 18th he was inaugurated
THE CONFEDERATE CABINET.
He named for hi. cabinet: Robert Toomlis
of Georgia, secretary Of state. Leroy Pope
Walker, OF Alabama. secretary of war
Charles q Me;nminger. Of South Carolina
secretary OF the treasury. stephen r. NAL
lory, of Florida. secretary of the navy, Judah
P Benjamin, attorney general. r'rl john H.
Reagan, OF Texas, postmaster general In
the divisions which soon arose, aIessrs
Toombs, Walker and Mernluingcr retired.
the others remained in the cabinet to the last.
Mr.. Benjamin was popularity credited with
being the ''ruiing spirit He among
the last to leave Richmond and to part with
President Davis. he escaped arrest and i'm
prisonment by flight to London. where he
became British subject, and soon entered on
a career at the bar so brilliant and successful
that it caused his American failures to be al
most forgotten
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
A PERSONAL DEPRESSION.
Faults of Administration Urged Against
President Davis.

Faults of Administration Urged Against
President Davis.
And here the biographer Of jefferson Da-
Wis is compelled to take notice of contro-
versy which went on in quiet way during
the war and more openly afterwards, till it
reached furious climax, and is still waged
with much bitterness. Without indorsing
the harsh philippics of Edwin Pollard and
Gen Thomas Jordan, even the milder
criticisms of Gems. Johnston and Beauregard,
Federal and Confederate may now agree
that President Davis made two serious
should one say fatali-mistakes: the one was
common to him and nearly all the leaders on
both sides, the other peculiarly his own. 1t
was a manifestation Of that spirit which Is
often praised as the quality of always
sticking to ones friends"-a very amiable
quality indeed In a private man, but one
which in a commander-in-chief In time of
war may be criminal folly. A most un-
happy instance is thus set forth by Gen.
Thomas Jordan, chief of staff to Gen Beau
regard:
'Mr. Davis had been at West Point, and
subsequently served for several years in the
dragons at frontier post with a Lieut. Nor
throp. to whom he became attached. The
latter was disabled by an accident, went to
bis home and turned parish doctor. Mr.
Davis became In time a politician Lieut..
Northrop grew so eccentric and full of mental
crotchets as to be generally regarded in
Charleston as Of unsound intellect and unfit
for the management of his own small affairs
He had not served long enough in the army
to acquire familiarity with military admins
tration: neither had his avocation in Charles
ton brought him in relation with men engaged
in large commercial affairs This man, with
whom Davis had no personal association since
they were cavalry lieutenants together on the
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
1.-THE LOST CAUSE"
The Confederacy Overthrown-Twenty-
Years in Peace.

The Confederacy Overthrown-Twenty-nv -nvo
Years in Peace.
Nevertheless hope and confidence were
strong President D.tvis' first state papers
showed great ability, AMI he assented, some
what reluctantly, to a CONSUMPTION law,
which was among the first acts passed by the
congress. 1t excited much opposition, Of
course, and little later the habeas corpus
was suspended In district ten miles around
Richmond. and a military police organized
under Gen. Winder, which continued during
the remainder of the war. The summer
closed favorably to the Confederates though
they regained little or none Of the ground
lost in the spring; and in December Presi-
dent Davis made a tour of the western
camps, from which he returned greatly en-
couraged In April, 1868. he issued rather
exulting address to the people, but the
claims in it were Just. The Contederacy was
then at its maximum as a military power.
The disasters of that summer from Gettys-
burg to Vicksburg need not be detailed.
The year closed under the black shadow Of
coming doom.
The real greatness Of Jefferson Davis shone
conspicuously as disasters thickened. He
resolutely defended his appointees, and as
sumed the responsibility wherever it was not
clearly theirs. He regained the hearts Of
the people and almost nullified the opposition
in the congress. A committee of investfga-
tion entered upon its work in hostile spirit,
, and ended by indorsing almost every one Of
the presidents acts. and even exonerated
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

THE WHITE HOUSE OF THE CoNFEDERAcY.
s'If. in the opinion Of others, it be possible
for me to do anything for the public good,
the last moment while stand here is at the
command of the senate Ii ] could see any
means by which could avert the catastro-
phe Of struggle between the sections Of the
union, my past life, hope, gives evidence
Of the readiness with which l would make
the effort. II there be any sacrifice which
could offer on the altar Of my country to
heal all the evils. present or prospective, no
man has the right to doubt my readiness to
do It"
With only two or three exceptions the de-
parturs OF southern statesmen as their states
seeded was singulariy calm and digniied.
On the 2lst of January, 1861, the senators
from Florida, Alabama and Mississippi with
drew. Mr.. Blaine praises the manner Of Sem
ator Davis. adding: mo man gave up more
than Mr.. Davis in joining the revolt against
the Union In his farewell address to the
senate there was a tone Of moderation and
dignity MT unmixed with regretful and ten
der emotions"
Before Senator Davis could reach homo
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

The inaugural address of President Davis
was read with breathless interest in every
part of the country, as, in the prevalent
ignorance and confusion, men sought In it the
indications of peace or war. But it was not
in the power of any man, however wise, at
that time to give assurances. The most sig
niicant passage in it, perhaps, was this:
1--WE have entered upon a career of indie
pendence, and it must be inflexibly pursued.
Through many years of controversy with
our late associates OF the northern states We
have vainly endea avored to secure tranquil
lity, and obtain respect for the rights to which
we are entitled. As a necessity, not of choice
we have resorted to the remedy of separation,
and henceforth our energies must be directed
to the conduct of own affairs, and the
perpetuity of the Confederacy which we have
formed.
Commissioners were sent to Washington
and fruitless negotiations conducted Be-
tween the Inauguration AMI the LIST OF April
public opinion in both sections turned to the
contemplation of war In vain did President
Lincoln proclaim that he certainly had no
desire and believed he had authority to
interfere with slavery" In vain did Presi-
dent Davis reterate that he lonG,ed to avoid
the effusion of blood. On the 18th of April,
1861, the war began with the attacl, on Fort
Sumter.
"The uprising of the northn-that most
marvellous of all recent popular phenomena-
followed at once. The uprising of the south
was scarcely, if at all, less prompt and unani-
nous, save in the northern tier of states.
Virginia seeded April II; Tennessee and
Arkansas followed May 6, and May 30
North Carolina completed the list of eleven
Confederate states. May 20 the Confederate
government was transferred to Richmond,
and President Davis followed in few days.
His journey was a continued ovation; his
speeches were chiefly exhortations to unity
and courage, with brief arguments which
were merely variations of the clause in
his first message to congress. April %,
viz, "All we ask is to be let alone-that
those who never held power over us
shall not attempt our subjugation by arms
This we will. we must resist to the direst
extremity"
At Montgomery the congress had already
provided for "a vigorous prosecution of the
war"-that is, for a loan of $50, ,000, 900 at s
per cent, in addition to n previous loan of
SIS 600 600, and the creation of an army
which might, in the discretion of the presi
dent, be increased to 100, 900 men!' Priva-
teering also organized. The people re-
Eponded with such alacrity that President
Davis, on arriving at Richmond, had only TO
officially confirm their action. In surpris-
ingly short time GO 600 men were organized
| In Virginia, and fifteen vessels commissioned
as privateers. The Federal government was
also moving with celebrity that now seems
| wonderful, but to the impatient people at the
| time seemed criminal slackness blockade
| of all Confederate ports was proclaimed
| April 10, and nearly 100 vessels were soon
| armed to enforce it. By the 1st of July a
| Federal army of over 200, 900 men was or
ganixed.
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
JEFFERSON DAVIS srarHrLAcn

JEFFERSON DAVIS BIRTHPLACE
tae Mississippi Let the young and romantic
continue to read and believe Suflce IL thds
the father remained obdurats for some tjms.
and was not completely reconciled to his SON
in-law till the latter lay wounded In his tent
after the battle Of Buena Vista There are
as many accounts Of what was said there a.
Of the battle Of Shiloh. Gen. Taylor's words
appear to have been these, or very near them:
"Colonel, you have saved the day-God
bless you! When Dolly would have You, shs
was q better Judge Of man than was"
EIGHT YEARS 4 PLAMTER
June 50, 1895, Lieut.. Davis resigned hi
commision and located p 1inimippa, whesO
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
THE coNFEDERAcY FORMED.

Jefferson Davis Sees Washington for tho
Last Time.
South Carolina led off in secession; Mis-
sissippi soon followed, and five more states.
It is idle to recount the futile attempts at
compromise. Senator Davis was named one
Of the committee Of thirteen in the senate,
but asked to be excused on the ground that
propositions for compromise at such a time
ought to come from northern men, and
men whose party standing was a guar
antee of good faith-a position highly praised
In the north at the time A little later he
CONSENTED to assist saving;
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12
TRUSSES.

WE HAVE just received full
line of Seeley's Trusses' The
springs of these Trusses are
made of the very finest steel,
covered with highly polished
hard rubber. This makes the
best possible Truss. They arc
unaffected by perspiration, are
easily kept clean, avoiding all
sour, sweaty, chatting unpleas-
antness. While extremely light
the worst form OF rupture will
be held permanently, thereby
causing a radical cure where
cure is possible by any means.
We have a large stock, and of
fer them at reduced prices.
Also a complete assortment
of Leather Covered Trnsses,
Supporters, S. spensory Ban.
dages, SpIings, BRACES, DC, sc.
ASHCRAFl & OWENS,
DRUGGISTS,
WINSTON, N. 9.
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

pany, but soon re-
tired to private life,
to emerge only at
long intervals, each
time to receive re-
newed expressions
of affection a n d
sympathy. A be-
quest by a southern
lady gave him a
lovely h o m e at
Beauvoir, Miss. . on
the shore of the
gulf. The loss Of
his son, a manly
gentleman, by yel-
low fever. at Mem
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

blow. but his wife and two daughters re-
manned to him. or these the younger.
varna Davis, affectionasely known as Win
ME, Is styled 1.-The Child of the Confederacy -
having been born in the presidential mansion
in Richmond during the war. She has lately
shown literary ability o. a high order. and
may yet rank among the noted authoresses Of
America j. H. BEADLE.
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

Annie Pushkin. the granddaughter of the
celebrated Russian poet, is now confined in
the dreaded prison of st. Peter and st. Paul
at St. Petersburg on charge Of completely
In Nihilistic conspiracy
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

him from serious blame In tho matter
of Commizsary Northrop- He e1erted
himself heroically in preparing for the
campaign of 1864, and it opened with
some slight successes. All the rest of the
year presents painful record of desperate
struggle against the inevitable, every vic
tory was barren, every defeat irremediable.
As the ship Of state sank deeper in the vortex.
mutual recriminations naturally multiplied
The removal. of Joe Johnston, the enterprise
of Hood and the restoration Of Johnston, the
shelving" of Beauregard and the break with
Governor Brown, of Georgia-there Is not
space to discuss them Are they not argued
and reargued at length in the magaziness
Gen Hood came nobly to the rescue by as
suming full responsibility, and Governor
Brown was 50 far reconciled as to cease seri-
Gus opposition
FLIGHT AND CAPTURE
The Wild projects In the Confederate con-
greS in the winter Of lS64-'5 were but the
frenzies of dissolution and despair Military
movements really decided everything and in
The western sentinel. [volume] (Winston-Salem, N.C.) 1887-1926, 1889-12-12

hALLoRy sfEfHES8 REAGAN.
BENJAMIN rOONBS
CONFEDERATE CABINET AND VICE PRESIDENT
The result was tho famous Foote-Davis
subernatorial campaign Of 1851. The Union
sarty. as IL was called. carried the state by
ZOO majority on tho convention question,
but Mr.. Foote's majority for governor was
:,ut 999-a remarkable proof Of the popular
!ty of Col Davis. He had resigned his seat
Ia tho senate, and now remained in retire
,ncnt till 1882, when he canvassed several
ssates for the Democratic candidates