Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1889-11-16

sturdy, vigorous tree, easily grown because
no animal and only one insect feeds upon
it. The black walnut has transcendeut
value but little known, which is that the
fine European walnut grows firmly on it,
either stock or top grated. The harder
varieties of this finest Of nuts from the
north of Europe should succeed top grated
on this hardy stock in Ontario and the
Northwest 1t can be made to yield for
tune by those who cultivate it on large
scale. In twenty years grove will more
than have paid all expense and interest on
the investment In fifty years at present
prices the trees would be worth at least
$4,000 per acre.
FORTHCOMING.
It is a mistake to think, as many do, that
anybody can grow fruit. While much can
be learned from the experience of others,
yet if the best results realized experience
is necessary, and it must be practical ex-
perience TO be of any considerable benefit.
In the majority of localities the growing
of inferior grades of fruit is overdone, and
it is only by having quality rather above
the average that a price can be realized
that will leave margin for profit, and a
practical knowledge is necessary to secure
this. No list of varietie can be given
that can by any means be considered gen.
eral What will be the best in one local
ity will not answer in another, and the
safest plan in selecting list Of small or
large tree fruits is to take varieties that
have been thoroughly tested.-Hortlcuit-
urai Times
WHAT CHEEsE-MAKERs WANT.
The aim of the cheese-maker should
be to get out of 100 pounds of average
milk 81 pounds of fat, 81 pounds of casein,
a small amount OF mineral matter, frac-
ton of the sugar to be transformed into
Tactic acid and keep the curd in granular
ondition-otherwise it will be waxy and
stringy-and about 81 pounds of water.
The rest of the sugar, and nearly all of the
albumen, which the rennet does not coag-
uate, will run off with the whey. This
albumen is about all there is left in the
whey that is Of any value to feed. The
sugar is good for nothing unless the whey
is fed while it is sweet. The cheese
maker saves a little over pounds of the
solids, and retains about 80 pounds of
water, so that when cured and a portion
of the water has dried ont he has 10
pounds of cheese, composed of +! water, /
fat, Gaseous and mineral matter. Rich
milk may do better, and poor milk worse
If the cheese sells for Z cents a pound, it
means 20 cents gross for 100 pounds of
milk Out of this the dairyman must pay
the cost of making aud marketing and
make up any loss.
VIRGINIA HAMS.
A Virginia correspondent of the Cincin-
natl Gazette gives the subioined recipe
for curing hams in the "Old Virginia
STYLE" as furnished to him by three young
ladies, sisters, who since the death Of their
parents, number of years ago. have sue
cessfully managed their farm of several
hundred acres on the Rappahannock.
For each 100 pounds of ham, Ten pounds
of salt, two ounces of saltpeter, two pounds
of brown sugar, one ounce of red pepper,
from four to four and one-half gallons OF
water, or just enough to cover the hams.
The brine should be strong enough to float
an egg. The hams should remain in the
brine for five or six weeks, then hung up
and smoked to a light brown. After
smoking put each ham in papers; then
bag with the hook turned down, and hang
up the bag. To prevent shippers, when
taken from the brine let them dry a little
then rub molasses lightly over all the parts
of the ham not covered with skin, and
cover it well with ground black pepper
put plenty in the hook.
POULTRY PICKNGs.
Prolonged confinement or idlenesS has
tendency to cause hens to acquire such I'M
desirable tricks as egg and feather eating.
Small turkeys are more salable and gen
orally in greater demand than those of
large size, though this fact is not usually
known.
Kerosene is almost panacea for the ails
of man, beast and fowls. 1t is especially
useful on roosts and floors in order to de-
stroy lice and other vermin.
Ducklings of the Pekin, Aylesbury and
Rouen breeds can be made with high feed
ing to attain the weight of five pounds
each when they are ten weeks old.
Sell the young geese in preference TO
the old ones. Old geese make the best
breeders, are more careful with their
young and give a large supply of feathers
when plucked.
1t is better to allow fat hens to set than
to attempt to prevent them from incubat-
ing. If allowed to stay on the nest until
they lose flesh they will lay better than if
they are broken up" from setting.
If you have supply of poultry drop
pings, it can be used in soil where peppers,
onions or cabbage are planted, as it is diff
ficult to get the soil too rich for these
plants. Ashes are especially valuable for
/ onions
If you have no trees or bushes that the
chickens can take refuge under, construct
a. temporary shade of some kind. Fowls
suffer much from heat, cold and wet
weather: shelter is an absolute necessity to
the young or old. Fruit trees and poultry
may be grown together with great adj
vantage.
All kinds of domesticated fowls lay
greater or less number of eggs There is
no sort Of fowl under any kind of treat
ment but what viii pay in eggs alone (if
all are gathered that the hens will nat
urally lay) twice over the expense of her
annual keeping. If fed well and properly
! she will lay more eggs usually than if
starved and neglected. In either case her
egg produce will sell for double what it
costs to keep her every year.-Rarat Cali
tornidn.
FARM NOTES.
There are two things that are worth
much more than they cost-order and
cleanliness about the barns and over the
farm.
One of the essentials in securing eggs in
winter is keeping the hens warm and COM
Portable. Without warm quarters they
viii not lay.
Cover the rhubarb plants with manure,
as winter covering. Too much manure
cannot be given, as the plant is a gross
feeder, and shows good results when the
soil is rich.
/ Do not be afraid to use the pruning