davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
A Cottage Street Social.

On Friday evening surprise was given
Mr.. William Clifford, No. Al Cottage
were j. f. Hallenbeck, Miss Essie Dusen-
berry, w. Richards and Miss Jessie Nc
Lean. Among those present were Frank
Soule and Miss Frances Campbell, G..
Kimball and Miss r. Dusenberry, Steve
Sofield and Miss F. Bryson, W. Greene
and Miss c.. Taft, I. Groules and Miss
Hayes, G. Vo Doe and Miss Nellie Nc
Lean, G. Mulford and Miss Harrison, Mr..
Bookstave and Miss Mccullough, Messrs.
Sofield, Bryson and Reinhard and the
Misses Banks, Willy and Malzacha
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
JOHN MAIoNEY'S TWO WOUNDS.
Three Italians Arrested for Cutting Him
During Quarrel.

Three Italians Arrested for Cutting Him
During Quarrel.
Faroda Stello, aged thirty years; Joseph
Meehan, aged fourteen years, and Julius
Meehan, aged seventeen years, three
Italians living at No. Gil Henderson street,
were prisoners in Justice Stilsings court
this morning.
Policeman Russell stated that at a late
hour last night, whenfhe was at Fifteenth
and Erie streets, he was told that a man
had been cut by Italians at Mrs. Lewery's
house, No. 211 Sixteenth street He went
there and found John Maloney suffering
from two deep incised wounds in the
feshy part OF his hip. Maloney was very
drunk, and it was difficult to get much
information from him The policeman
learned enough to warrant him in arrest
ing Stello and the Meehans. Maloney
identified Joseph Meehan as one of the
persons with whom he had an alteration
The three men were held for examination
ON Wednesday
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
COUSINS SHOULD NOT MARRY.
Prof. Seliney Says Such Unions Result il
Deaf-NIute Children.

Prof. Seliney Says Such Unions Result in
Deaf-nIute Children.
ROME, N. Y, March 25, 1SS9.--A num-
Der of items have recently appeared in
the ne wspapers respecting " The Deaf
Mute Problem" "Intermarriage of the
Deaf" etc., all having reference
to the allegation that as there
has been an increase of deaf mutes pro-
portionately greater than the population
at large during the last thirty years Gas
has been the case, by the way, with the in
sane, blind and other classes, this cir
cumstance has no other cause than the
1ntermarriage of persons born thus
defective, the offspring of such unions
being almost invariably similarly affected.
Hence it is inferred that in time there will
be special human breed, lacking two
senses of the five with which the animal
man is designed by nature to be equipped.
The subject being brought to the atten-
ton of Prof. +. l.. Seliney, of this city,
President of the Empire State Association
Of q Deaf ancb Mu5es d.hse he saidThere ba1aHa
1t is true that few deaf parents have
deaf children, but there are very many
marriages among deaf mutes unattended
with any such results as are recklessly
predicted. During the last twenty years Of
2,395 admissions to the seven schools for
the deaf in this State Is, or only
three-fourths of one per cent, were
children of deaf parents. Out of 912 adj
missions SO, or $40 per cent, were the
result of the marriages of cousins.
For the ten years ending with 1881, 1898
per cent. of all the deaf mutes admitted to
the Hartford school had consanguinous
parentage The percentage runs about
the same in every other State. Deaf
ness occurs from many causes,
the adventitious or accidental
cases being in the great majority. Con-
genital deafness has rapidly declined of
late years, being now hardly thirty per
cent. Consanguinous marriages furnish
the largest percentage of deaf mutes
where a paternal cause can be traced"
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
HOP WAS A sPRY CELESTIAL
And He Caught Young Haley, Who
Broke His WindoW.

<AhA no OaUSnb naIcyy VINO
Broke His Window.
Thomas h. Haley, aged nineteen years,
of No. sos East Sixteenth street, was be-
fore Justice Stilsing this morning
upon a charge of malicious mis-
chief. George Hop, a Chinese laundry
man of No. 1877 Pavonia avenue, COM
planned that yesterday morning,
while he was wrapping up his
work, Haley, who was Watching him,
suddenly broke two panes of glass valued
at 49, and sign valued at S1.75. He then
attempted to run away, but Hop was too
spry for him, as his name might imply.
He caught Haley and handed him over
to the police
Haley said that he came over from New
York to take walk for a cold he had, and
when he passed the Chinaman's window
a man ran over from the opposite side of
the street and pushed him into the win
dow. Justice Stilsing sent him to the
County Jail to recover from his cold, and
at the same time to be near at hand when
wanted by the Grand Jury
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Death of John j. Reilly.

John j. Reilly, who represented one of
the largest estates in this city, died some
what suddenly at his home, on Wayne
street, yesterday afternoon, of rheuima-
onlV ds about week and and man many siof Of his his
friends did not know even that he was
ailing.
Mr.. Reilly was son of the late Pat
rick Reilly, and one one of the most popu-
lar of the young men of the city. Five or
six years ego he married the daughter of
York. His wife and child survive him.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
MARTINI TOLD THREE STORIES.
How Did He Receive the Wound from
Which He Is DYING.

Which He Is Dying.
The shooting of Giovanni Martini, re-
ported in THE SUNDAY MORNING NEWS of
yesterday, is still shrouded in mystery.
He is lying at Christ Hospital in an un-
conscious condition, and the doctors say
there is only about one chance in thou
sand of his recovering.
Martini, while conscious, told three diff
ferent stories as to the manner in which
he had received his wound The first was
that while cleaning a pistol it was dis
charged. At another time he said that he
was shot by his brother, who is missing,
ing the pistol in his inside pocket when it
went off. This last explanation can hardly
be considered. The wound, which is in
his left chest and penetrates the lung,
could not have been made by pistol in
the position he described.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
They Favor Mr.. Kane's Bill.

The Irish Republican Protective Tariff
League held it's regular monthly meeting
at Eagle Hall, No. 33S Third street, yes
terday. President w ]. Burns was in the
chair. After the regular order of bust
ness the following preambles and resolu-
ii on were adopted
Whereas, The constitution of the State of New
Jersey declares all political power is inherant in
the people, and that government is instituted for
the protection security and benefit of the people,
and they have the right at all times to alter or re-
form the same whenever the public good may re-
quire it;
Whereas, There is general desire Cf not de-
mand) for ballot reform, many citizens believing
that under the existing election laws they are in
many instances deprived or defrauded of their
political rights and powers; and,
Whereas, The enormous expense of elections
under our present system furnishes excuse for the
corrupt to repay themselves from the public
treasury when elected, and deprive the honest
man of the opportunity of competing for public
honor and preferment.
Therefore. be it resolved, That we request our
county representatives to use their best and ut
most efforts to pass into law the bill presented by
ASSemhlYmau Kane,
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Newark Conference Assignments.

It is settled that the Rev. G. W. Smith,
of Centenary Methodist Church, will go to
Hackettstown, and that the Rev. John
Krantz, of Newark, will succeed him at
Centenary. The Rev. 2. G. Blight, of
church. The Quarterly Conference
of st. Paul's, on Third street.
will meet tomorrow evening, when they
will ask for the return of the Rev Mr.
Halleron. Presiding Elder Lowrie said
this morning that the year now closeing is
one of the most prosperous ever known in
the history of the Conference.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
He Saw the Fire and Lost His Horse.

While the charred remains of the four
horses were being removed from the
burned Henderson street stables yesterday
afternoon Thomas Cullen, of the Heights,
left his horse and buggy standing near by
and joined the crowd of spectators. When
he turned to look after his horse he found
two men seated in the buggy driving away
with all the speed they were capable of
was not till it got ON the Hill that the
team was overtaken. Then Thomas Lee,
a machinist, was arrested. He said he
was intoxicated and merely wanted lit
tie ride. Cullen says that his horse, worth
$780, was ruined
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Racing Today at Clifton.

H. McCarren, Jr Ewho was notified to
take his horses away from Clifton on Sat-
faction race, had already entered Savage
and Monte Christie to run today. The
judges will draw the horses. The follow
ing are the horses worth backing today
First Race-Effie Hardy, Singlestone.
Second Race-Isis, Belmont.
Third Reconsideration Oracle.
Fourth Race-Souvenir, Greenfield.
Fifth Race-Bill Bond, Hot Scotch
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
They whipped the white cans.

ONANoocK, Va, March 25, 1SS9.-A band
of White Caps went to the home of Will
lam E. Kellam, near Locustville, Satur-
day, and informed him that they had come
to horsewhip him. Without making any
oral reply Kellam rushed upon the leader
of the gang and knocked him down. Kel-
lam's son, who.was a short distance from
the house. ran up and, together with his
father, drubbed the regulators, who finally
turned tail and fed as fast as their legs
could carry them. Kellam has been in re-
ceipt of White Cap notices for the past
three weeks
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
The Battle Waged Was Fierce.

SOUTH BEND, Ind, March 25, 1889. "A
terrific prize fight for $500 purse took
CESS. of Boston, who once whipped LIE
Blanche, 1.-THE Marine, " and Tom McDon-
aid, of Elkhart, Ind. and was won by
Burgess in eight fierce rounds. McDon-
AIDS jaw was broken in the last round
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Young Christians.

A large audience gathered into the Y. NJ
G. A. parlor, yesterday afternoon, to hear
DR.. McKelvey, of the Second Presbyterian
Church, who led the Young Mems Gospel
and preached from Zech. 2, w.,
Run, speak to this young man"
The. Bible Training Glass, of the Young
Mems Christian Association, meets to-
evening in the Y NJ. G. A. parlor.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
THE SIDEWALK WAS SHATTERED.
An Explosion Breaks Windows in the Fifth
Avenue Hotel, New York.

Avenue Hotel, New York.
Shortly before noon today a loud report
startled the crowds of passers-by at the
junction of Fifth avenue, Broadway and
Twenty-third street, New York A large
portion of the sidewalk on Twenty-third
Street. lust off the junction, and on the
side of the street next to the Fifth Avenue
Hotel, was blown high into the air. Show
ers of stones and fragments Of the flag
ging fell on the passengers. At least six
persons were thrown down and more or less
injured, but none seriously. The windows
of the stores on the corner under the Fifth
Avenue Hotel were shattered. There is a
huge hole in the sidewalk next to the
hotel on Twenty-third street, 1t was
found that the explosion occurred in an
electrical subway.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Meyers Put Pearson to Sleep.

A rattling fight was recently decided
near Elizabeth, the two contestants being
Gus Meyers and Tom Pearson, both anna
teur feather weights of Jersey City. The
fight lasted nearly an hour and was won
by Meyers, Pearson failing to come to
time in the tenth round. The fight was
for q purse of $50
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
r esuits at Clifton.

First Race-Distance one mile; Savage,
first Effie Hardy, second; Singlestone
third Time, 1.46.
Second Race-Distance six and half
furlongs Belmont first; Top Sawyer,
second; Monte Cristo, third. Time, 1.2415.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
GENERAL sporting Notes.

There is talk of consolidating the Jersey
City Yacht Club and the Jersey City Ath-
letic Club.
Pendergast and Anderson are to have
a ten mile race for 81 900 stakes in New
Brunswick tonight.
A circular asking for subscriptions to
purchase championship cup, to be COM
peted for by the New Jersey Football
League has been sent out by Secretary
Shaw
The annual spring games of the Scottish
American Club of Jersey City will be held
on Memorial Day.
A cooking main took place near Long
Branch early Saturday morning between
New Brunswick and Long Island birds.
New Brunswick won by score of 4 to 8.
There will be big main of eleven bat
ties fought in Hudson county during this
week between Jersey City and Newark.
Reports from Lexington. KY, say that
Grayfellow, three-year-old, by Longfel-
low, dam Gray Helen, owned by Messrs.
Treacy & Murphy, is a dark horse that will
bear watching.
Billy Hayward, the well-known jockey,
lives in fine residence at Oceanport,
N. J.
The clash of dates is again causing great
dissatisfaction to exist between the racing
associations of Kentucky and Tennessee.
n,Bafllx,sc u-x-aaIesr,. no+ U<@nso nh, lacf
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

that the hat was given him by boy. The
father of the youth is an employee on the
Pennsylvania Railroad. He told the Court
that he had been making preparations to
send his boy to Dakota, and that they
were about completed. Judge Lippincott
ordered that Smith be locked up until he
can go to Dakota, when sentence will be
suspended
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Crushed between Cars.

John Fielder, a German laborer, em-
ployed on the Pennsylvania coal docks,
while coupling cars this morning was
one arm and shoulder badly crushed.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
a serious collision netween Carriages.

A Serious Collision between Carriages.
Charles Wright, an old gentleman resid-
ing at No. 1856 Garden street, Hoboken,
was yesterday thrown from his wagon by
collision with another vehicle at the cor
ner of Eighth and Henderson streets. His
collar bone was broken and his head
severely injured.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

Charles Smith, a bright-eyed boy of six
teen was arrested on complaint of John J
He was accused of having stolen a hat.
This morning he told Judge Lippincott
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Probated in Spite Of the Caveat.

The will of the late Thomas Mangin was
admitted to probate this morning. Coun-
sellor Salinger refused to withdraw his
caveat, but the Court overruled his objec-
tiona
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
weather indications.
Especial to the Jersey city Meas. !

WAsHrNGToN, March 25, 1889. Weather
indications for twenty-four hours are:
For the District of Columbia, New Jersey,
Eastern Pennsylvania, Delaware, Mary
land, Virginia, North Carolina, rains. For
all other States fair.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Tomorrow al Guttenberg.

[6pectdt 70 me JERSEY Ctty 1elUs.l
NORTH HUDSON DRIVING PARK, March
25.-The following are the entries received
for tomorrow's races, entrance being now
free:-
FIRST RACE Six and half furlongs; purse
$500: for maidenS.-
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

Richard Hurley was sent to Snake Hill
for thirty days for beating his wife.
Charles Fitch for similar offence was
sent 60 the County Jail for five days.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

A new s'Strong'' locomotive is being
tested on the Erie railroad tracks, and IS
giving great satisfaction as fiier as well
as hauler.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

E. Butterick's fashion papers for April are out
Call at Watson's Sewing Machine Rooms No 81
Montgomery street, or at his branch, No. 242
Washington street, Hoboken, and get one They
are gratis. ~
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
sIxrH RAcE.-sevenf furlongs; purse $500; selling


First Race-Hollowood, Montana.
Second Race-Pendennis, Velvet
Third Race-Harry Brown, Bridget
Keaton.
Fourth Race-Carnegie, Tom Kearns.
Fifth Race-Vigilant, Can't Tell
Sixth Race-Repudiator Guess.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25
Boston Tailors Fear New York.

Boston, March %, lss9-An adjourned
meeting of the operative tailors of Boston
was held yesterday for the purpose of per-
fecting measures to protect Boston work
ers from the New York tenement house
competition. Six or more of the leading
clothing manufacturing contractors We're
present and gave encouragement to the
protective movement of their employees.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

O'Reilly's Excelsior Oat Tonic. The best
nerve and brain tonic in the world. Hotels,
druggists grocefs and saloons sell it, or send TO
the manufacturers for it. 329 and 331 Newark
ave-, Jersey City.*s*
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

Beechams Pills act like magic on weak
stomach.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

SECOND RAcE-Five furlongs, purse $aOO; sell
ing allowances.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1889-03-25

FIFTH RAcE-Seven furlongs; purse $2OO sell
ing allowances
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
1~oo 40
General Etddy's BuIiies,

Here Is good story told of Roddy's Con-
federate cavalry: One day the troopers were
about to 60 into battle dismounted, leaving
every fourth man to hold the horses. The
men were drawn up to count from right to
left. OF course every fourth man felt jolly
and this is the way the count went on:
''One," "Two," "Three," "Bullyp "One,"
Two" "Three," "BuIlyl" etc Gen. Roddy
heard each fourth man call out Bully" His
face flushed. When oil had called Off he
said: Numbers one, two and bully will 60
into the fight as dismounted cavalry. Num-
ber three will hold the horses" There were
a good many sick ''hullies" that day.-Chi-
cago Ledger.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
noeton, B,ll,.

Nearly all diseases originate from in
action Of the liver, and this Is especially
the case with chilIs and fever, intermit-
tent fevers and me larial diseases. To
save doctors bills and ward disease. take
Simmons Liver regulator. medicine
that increases in popularity each year:
and has become the most popular and
best endorsed medic inc in the market Ton
the cure Of liver or bowel disesaea. -
TnxHoRA1H. Dubuo ue. Iowa.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13

A Kingston dentist says he had an odd ex-
perience the other dny. A man came into
his Office and told i'm he wanted a tooth
pulled. After he Ind been seated in the
dentists chair he said: Now, don't pull it
all at once, pull it a little, then ease up on It.
and punish the pesky thing! punish It'll 1t
has been Furnishing ne for month. King
ston Freeman.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13

In the pursuit of the good things OF
.his world we anticipate too much; we
eat out the heart and sweetness Of world.
" pleasures by delightful forethought OF
them. The results obtained from the use
of DIR. Jones' Red Clover Tonic far exceed
all claims. It cures dyspepsia. and 'all
stomach, liver, kidney and bladder
troubles. It IL . perfect tonic, appetizer,
blood purifier, sure cure for ague and
malsSial diseases. Price, 30 eents, soi
druggists.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
TEN YEARs w1rH BuEumATIsM

NEWTON. N. G. June IS. 1887.
GENTLEMES:-I am pleasured in say
ing have been great sufferer of rheu-
matism for ten years, and have exhaust
ed almost every known remedy without
relief. was told to try B. B. B. which
l did after long procrastination. and with
the experience Of three bottles. am AIS
most healthy man. take 1t as part
of my duty to make known your wonder
full blood purifier to suffering humanity,
and respectfully ask you to mail me one
of your books of wonders.
Respectfully. W. l. MoREHEAD.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13

man who has practiced med cine for
40 years. ought to know salt from sugar
read what he says:
TOLEDO. O., Jan. 10. 1887.
Messrs. F. j. Cheney & Co.-Gentle-
men:-I have been in the general
practice of medicine for most 40 years,
and would say that in all my practice and
experience. have never seen q prepare
tion that could prescribe with as much
confidence OF success as l can Halls
Catarrh Cure. manufactured by you.
Have prescribed it great many times
and It's effect is wonderful, and would
say in conclusion that have yet to find
a case of ca tsrrh that it would not cure,
if'they would take. it according to direc>
tions. Yours truly,
L. L. GoRsUcH, VI D.,
Office, 215 Summit street
We will give 500 for any case of
catarrh that can not be cured with Hall s
Cstarrh Cure. Taken internally.
F. ] CHENEY & Co.. Props. Toledo. o.
~Sold by druggists. 75c.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
rh..popn,.,,on of Rook I,laud.

Is about 10000, and we should say at
least one half are troubled with some af-
fection of the throat and lungs. as those
complaints are. according to- statistics,
more numerous than others. We would
advise all our readers not to neglect the
opportunity to call on their druggist and
get bottle Of Kemp's balsam for the
throat and lungs. Trial size free. Large
bottles 6Oc and 81. Sold BY all drug
0ista -E
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
A Husbands Flattery.

Wife twho wants a. tailor made suit, but
has only limited at ip-Did you notice Mira
De Pinks figures
Husband twho smells a rat)--Yes, poor
woman; she has no figure at all, and, like
other women of that sort, has to depend ON
tailor made suits Now you, my love- are Q
Hebe in anything. New York Weekly.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
EO pnsueCf.

"Emeline," said the mother Of that en-
chanting young lady, "do you think that Mr..
Flatbroke has made up his mind to propose
to your
'sI'm afraid not, mo ther, replied Emeline.
sadly. "He was brae ging about his appetite
only yesterday. .n--Ch cago News.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13

A New York physician recommends
the Jewish custom of washing hands be-
fore meals as q preventive against ty-
phoid fever He says that contagion can
be conveyed into the system by the
hands. a
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13
MAsTER's SALE.
STATE OF ILLINOIS,
Rock IsLANp COUNTY

In the Circuit Court-ln Chnncery.
Sarah K. King VS.. Frank Hammerly, James Ham,
merly, John Hammery, Jacob Hammerly, Deli.
lah Roberts, Julia Rains, Lavina Martiudale and
Clyde Herrick Partition. General No. 1899
Notice is hereby given that by virtue Of d decree
Of said court entered in the above entitled cause
on the 6th day Of February, A. ID. 1889. shall
on saturday the 9th day Of March, A D. 1889
At the hour of O'Clock In the afternoon, at the
north door of theconrt house. In the city of Rock
Island, in said county Of Rock Island, sell AT
public auction to the highest and hest bidder fer
cash In hand, that certain parcel Of land stu te
in the county OF Rock Islsnd and state of Illinois
known and described as follows. to-wit:
Lot seven CD in block two G2) in that part of the
city Of Rock Island known as sipnets addition.
Dated at Rock island, Illinois, this 9Th day OF
February, A. D. 1889. HENRY CURTIS,
Master In ChancerY, Rock sland 90 III.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1889-02-13

From recent archaeological discoveries,
1t appears that the Romans, at the height
of their civilization and splendor. had no
system of street lighting No trace OF
anything of the kind has been discovered.