The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1889-11-21
DOM PEDRO EXILED.
The Ex-EmperOr of Brazil, is
Forced to Leave his
Country.
An Empire Turned into q Re-
public Without Loss
of Life.

Rio JANERIo, Special-The city iawoke on
Friday to hear the the republic proclaimed.
Gen. Da Fonseca, SenOr Constant and
others proceeded to Petropolis in the morn
ing and informed the emperor that he had
been dethroned. Dom Pedro, supported by
his family, received the deputation with
absolute compOsure. Gen. Da FOseca
| was the spokesman. He said that Bra
zil had advanced far enough in the
path of civilization to dispense with the
monarchy. The country, while grateful to
the emperor for his patriotic services, was
firmly resolved to recognize only the repub-
lie. Dom Pedro made a dignified reply.
He declined to abdicate but said he would
yield to force. The imperial family were
allowed one hour to prepare for their de-
parture. Carriages escorted by soldiers
were waiting to take them to the outer har-
Dor, where a man-Of-war was lying under
steam. The captain had been instructed to
sail as soon as the imperial family had en-
barked. He had received sealed orders in
structing him what route to take. Dom
Pedro and the imperial family
LEFT YESTERDAY FOR LISBON
| in the steamer AlagOas, which was escorted
|
Senor Patrocinio has been imprisoned for
conspiring against the republic The gov
ernors named by the provisional govern
ment are all military men. The denomina-
ton adopted by the government for the re-
public is the United States of Brazil
The province of Bahia has proclaimed for
the republic. Peace and quietness reign.
The republic will allow the deposed en-
| lY1ri,
life. The five articles of the government
decree are:
First-The republic is proclaimed.
Second-The provinces of Brazil, united
by federation, compose the United States
| Brazil
Third-Eacl state will form its own local
government,
Fourth-Each state will send represent
ative to the Con% oSs, which will convene
shortly, and the decision of which the
provisional government will await
Fitth-Meantime the governors of the
states will adopt means to maintain order
and protect the citizens rights.
PROVISIONAL FOR THE PRESENT.
The nations internal and external rela-
tions will be presented meanwhile by the
provisional government. The government
has announced that it will firmly maintain
order. 1t is preparing a circular to foreign
governments relative to the overthrow o
the empire, which will be telegraphed to
then through the Brazilian represen-
tatives abroad. The flag of the
new republic has been adopted and Brazil
is as peaceful to-day as though no thought
ofrevolution haG ever aroused the feelings
of her people. The overthrow of the en-
pire has been accomplished without the
sacrifice of a single life, and the new pro-
visional government is proceeding with its
work as methodically and peacefully as
though it had been in existence
for years instead of hours. Dom
Pedro and his family go into per
petual exile, their absence from the country
being regarded by the leaders of the repub-
lie as essential to the peace and welfare OF
the new government. The new flag of the
United States of Brazil, which takes the
place of the imperial emblem, with its
crown and coffee leaf, is composed of green
and gold stripes, with blue field, on which
are emblazoned nineteen stars. To-day it is
hoisted everywhere and is recognized in
every province.
THE NEW REPUBLIC
Few people realize that Brazil is, or was
last week. the only monarchy in America,
Casting out the dependencies of foreign na-
tions, like Canada and the sea islands, there
is no other territory in the three Americas
that is not governed under the forms of the
republic. And even these dependencies are
in the throes of change. Agitation disturbs
the placidest of surfaces. The tendency to-
ward the people is felt everywhere. Dom
Pedro saw this tendency years ago, and has
steadily encouraged the popular growth in
the land which was given him to rule And
yet the proudest of blood is pumped in the
veins of the most domestic of rulers. He car
ries the blood of the Braganzas, the Bour-
bons and the Hapsburgs. By marriage he is
related to the royal and imperial families OF
England, France, Russia, Spain and Naples
Dom Pedro l., his father, was a Braganza,
his mother Hapsburg and sister-in-law
to Napoleon l. His relatives are of every
grade from absolute ruler to constitutional
monarch.
A revolution began the reign of Dom
Pedro's father, Dom Pedro l., and ended
that of his grandfather, Dom Johu. The
latter, who had fled from Portugal wher
the dragons let loose by the French revolu.
ton threatened to swallow him up, and
who for long time performed the move
act of ruling mother country from one OF
its colonies, was fain to return home leav.
ing them popular, princely Dom Pedro al
the head of affairs. The public had had
taste of freedom and thirsted fol
it, They liked Pedro better than they
did John and far better than the last Pedro
Sept. Z, 1922, he proclaimed the indepcnd
ence of Brazil, and Oct. II he was pro
claimed constitutional emperor amid great
enthusiasm. Before the end of 1925 Portu
} gal gave up the struggle, but succeeded il
, Saddling on Brazil as the price of freedom
, her debts. But the emperors reign was des
, tined to be neither wise nor happy. HI
, gave himself up to Portuguese intiuepce al
together too much to please the proud Bra
zilians. He tried the desperate plan o
forming new ministry favorable to abso
lutism, and when it failed he dissolved tht
; ministry without naming another, abdi
Gated the throne in favor of the heir appar
ent, then five years old, and embark ked fol
Portugal on an English ship, leaving be
hind the new Emperor Dom Pedro II. anc
the Princesses Jannaria, Francisco ant
? Paula. His subsequent career in Portuga
, was no more successful and he died a fail
, ure.
Brazil now really tasted sort of republi-
: can form of government, for the three
members composing the regency were
I elected by the legislative chambers. Ir
1884 there was change to single regent
chosen by all the electors in the same man.
ner as the deputies and the councils of tho
! pTONIIScS WSlS IGpldGCd ISslSIdhNS pIO
. vincial assemblies. This was getting pretty
close to the ways of the United States. All
you had to do was to call the regent presi
dent and there you were. But republican,
; ism did not thrive. Feijoc, the regent, wa.
accused of conniving at the rebellion
in the province of Rio Grande
and was forced to resign, anC
r Aranjo Lima, minister of the home de
partment, who strove to give his regency {
. Strong monarchical flavor, was chosen il
his stead. But the people were weary o
republicanism and wanted mething ever
more monarchical that Lima's regency
9 There was an attempt to give the regency
| into the hands of the Princess Donna Jan
maria, then III her eighteenth year. but i
was finally decided that an emperor of four
teen ought to govern as well as princess
of eighteen, and so, after noisy discussion
bill was passed overlooking the age of tn,
emperor and declaring him to be t'mar
{ growed,m The majority of Emperor Don
, Pedro ii. was proclaimed the 23d day q