davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
ADVANTAGES OF CLOVER.

Clover has beneficial effect upon the
soil in two ways, and is not only grown
cheaply, but it yields valuable crop for
hay or pasture. 1t shades the soil and
mellows it, and this is beneficial by en-
couraging the natural nitrification of or
ganic matter that may be inert in the
land 1t produces a large quantity of
roots, which contain nitrogen in abund-
ance, and yields feeding crop which is
worth, for the nitrogen not used up by
the stock and left available in the man
ure, at least SO per ton, as valued on the
basis of the cost of the nitrogen in artifi-
cial fertilizers. After crop of hay has
been taken for two years the second year
the aftermath yields enough seed to stock
the land for years when it is turned
under, and all amount Of most useful
plant food equivalent to ten tons of the
best barn manure per acre. A fair yield
of aftermath, with the roots and debris
of the previous hay crops-not counting
the manure made by feeding two crops OF
hay, which in all is estimated by the
noted expert Sir J. b. Lawes as equal to
more than $40 per ton of hay fed-would
contain at least fifty or sixty pounds Of
nitrogen per acre land at the most three
times as much, which is equal to sixty
one or seventy-thrse pounds of ammonia
and is worth at the market value of fer
tilizers seventeen cents per pound. II
all, with the manure value of the hay anG
the fertilizing value of the roots -ano
aftermath turned under, each acre o.
land under this crop gains in available
nitrogen about 1870 pounds, --Ne'o Yor'
| Times.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
WISE WORDS.

Stills are no better in conversation than
in foot race.
Folly must hold its tongue while wear
ing the wig of wisdom.
The greatest art of au able man is to
know how to conceal his ability.
II young men will not believe in them
selves, no man or woman can believe in
them.
More failures are to be attributed to
efforts misdirected than to the want Of
exertion.
1t is always safe to learn, even from
your enemies seldom safe to instruct,
even our friends.
One of the most effectual ways OF
pleasing and of making ones self loved
is to be cheerful.
Don't talk about what you are going
to do; then, if you fail to accomplish it,
nobody will know.
We often console ourselves for being
unhappy by certain pleasure that we
find in appearing SO.
1t isn't very nice thing for young
man, or any one for that matter, to smile
in a superior way at ignorance,
Treat all men and women considerably
and you will be surprised at the dividends
that come to you daily and yearly.
A man will be behind while he follow.
leader, and will comprehend the sense Of
his own existence, only when he goes in.
dependent.
No one need to be afraid of an ignor-
ant man, for it is the influence of the
man that knows how to make him really
dangerous.
He who can heroically endure adver.
sity will bear prosperity with equal great
ness of soul; for the mind that cannot be
detected by the former is not likely to be
transported with the latter.
The world is unjust in its judgments,
so it is in its requitals. Speedily efaces
the memory of the greatest services; anC
when we can repeat them no more, we
are neglected and thrown aside.
A man who endeavors to teach another
how to behave may possibly teach vir
tue, but if he fails to act up to his OWL
teachings the man who would depend
upon such uncertainty would do better t.
depend upon his own ideas.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
DIGGING AND STORING POTATOES.

The early crop is often injured by de-
lay in digging. As soon as the vines are
dead the potatoes should be dug and
stored. Every one Knows that potato
in the spring when it has started to grow
and pushed its sprouts becomes of infe-
rior quality for the table, its starch be.
comes changed into sugar and other prin
ciples which feed the growth of the
leaves, and the tuber becomes soggy and
of poor quality. When the early potato
becomes ripehed, the top or vines die
down and long period of dry weather
completes the ripening and the tuber:
should be dug and housed. If, after Q
dry season, a wet one follows, long
warm rain starts the tubers into growth,
not growth of stems and leaves, but a
kind of growth which often takes place
when potatoes are stored in too warm a
place, called "supertuberation." In this
the material stored in the tuber for sus.
tanning the growth of the following yeal
is started and used for the formation oil
new small tubers. Most observing far.
mers must have found in their potato bin
toward spring new potatoes produced
from the material of old tubers. Pota.
toes should be dried off before they aft
stored, and in doing this they should not
be exposed to the sun. The old farm
house cellar, which is being abandoned
as storehouse for potatoes and otheI
crops has an advantage as place for stor
ing potatoes, as the odor which attends
the destructive disease may be noticed a
its appearance and the affected potatoe
removed. -American Agriculturist.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.

A small amount of salt should occa-
sionally be allowed in the soft food,
should any be given.
Managed properly Guineas are ever
lasting LAYERS, and their flesh is unite
of the turkey and pheasant.
Waldo F. Brown, suggests that posts
which must bear the strain OF stretched
wire fencing be set with cement.
Sunfower seed properly used makes
admirable food for the hens. Mix 1t
with other grain and feed occasionally.
Everyone is studying up science. Sci
entific farming is the rage. Wonder If a
little science in the training of boys
wouldn't be good thing.
If you failed to put turnips, celery OF
fodder corn on the ground from which
you took the early peas, do not fail tc
keep the weeds from going to seed.
Don't wait till the close of the season,
then take some little 'suubbin" of a
cucumber for seed-select now nice
specimen and let it grow and ripen fol
seed.
A gentleman says he never bothers with
his setting hens. He gives them enough
feed to last week, and water every few
days, as he thinks of it, This we call un
wise.
Don't let earth or rubbish accumulate
around the stills of the barn or sheds; il
you do it will not be many years before
the expense and trouble of new sill will
have to be incurred.
A farmer who needs two teams during
the season of busy work may find mucl
more profit in having a yoke of oxen and
span of horses than in four horses;
question dependent on attending condi
lions that he should examine CAREFUL,
with the purpose of deciding wisely.
Good racks for holding hay for cattle
| horse and sheep will save great dea
of money and hay over the wasteful plal
of feeding the hay on the ground or il
troughs where it can be'pulled out ant
trampled under foot. In feeding an,
kind of food to any kind of stock, avoi'
wasteful system.
The cry is for hog with the old tim
constitution. Well, we can't have hin
till we go back to the old time methods
and besides what do we want with hin
anyway? The hog of the present day ha
sufficient constitution to carry him to tn
pork barrel. All the trouble is he is no
given chance to take care of what natur
gives him. 1t is the keeping and feedinI
that kills the hog of the present day
rather than poor constitution.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
PROTECTION THAT PAYS.

Mulching wheat fields in the fall after
seeding has been much experimental
with under our observation, and il is de-
cided TO be eminently advisable. Fine
material, thinly and evenly spread gener-
ally prevents winter-killing, and it in.
creases the crop over that which is Meth
er mulched nor affected by alternate
freezing and thawing. For this purpose
buckwheat and other chat is excellent;
the partly rotted refuse of old stlck-bot-
toms, and any short litter raked up about
the barns and sheds, and short clover and
buckwheat straw answer well. Long
straw may be better than nothing if
thinly spread, but that is difficult mat
ter. A person tried it, put on too much,
and the wheat came up spindling and the
crop was poor. Long straw chaffed by
running it through cutter would be ex-
cellent. 1t is suggested that forest
leaves, especially if partly rotted, would
be as good as anything. The mulching
should be done Immediately after seed
ing.-Mep York Tribune.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03

long, as this is a proper height for the
silo, and 10 inches from center to
center. Toe-nail firmly at the bottom of
the SILL The object of placing the stud
ding this distance apart is to accommo-
date the width of tarred paper; for per-
feet silo must be perfectly air tight on
sides aud bottom, Now put good tarred
paper on the inside of the studs, tapping,
as it will, so as to make tight work;
cover with good, sound matched floor
ing, and see to it that the corners are
made secure, so that there will be no
spread, or give, to let in the air. En-
close the outside surface with tarred
paper same as inside, and good drop-lap
siding, as it is called, or any similar
method, being careful TO make it tight
aud firm, The roof is made as any
ordinary barn roof, and the building may
be finished up on the outside to suit the
owners fancy or pocket,
A very good size for a silo would be
l6x32 feet, or if more room is needed,
make it longer and put in cross parti-
ton of plank. This partition should be
made so it will slip down into place and
be held by cleats at its ends. The sides
must be secured with one or more iron
rods to keep the building from spread
ing. A convenient size for door would
be four feet wide, in one end, and made
in sections of two feet each, sliding
down in grooves so as to come out from
the inside as the silo is emptied. These
doors, as well as all inside work, must be
made so as to form no obstruction to the
settling of the fodder and boards and
tarred paper which are to form the cover
to the pit. This is one of the cheapest
methods of construction, and is essential
Fly as good a one as cap be built. If a
farmer has stones handy, he can build one
of solid masonry, but it would not keep
out frost or air better than one of wood.
One end of bay in the barn can be used,
by observing the same precautions to
! have it air tight"
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
TO BUILD A SILO.

A subscriber of the Prairie Fdrney asks
for directions how to build a silo. Mr..
B. S. Hoxie, a correspondent of that
paper, says:
''If the structure is to be detached
from the barn, make low foundation
wall, just high enough to prevent any
surface water from ever coming in con-
tact with the ensilage. Fill up the floor
to the level of this wall, and finish off
with clay well pounded down, or a
cement of water lime. Next lay your
stills of 2xS in. joist, fat on the wall,
and bed them well in lime mortar; have
them so firm that there will be no chance
to spread or get out of place. On the
jcists place 2xs in. studding 1s feet
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
KEEPING MEATS.

DR.. Kitchener's remarks in relation to
this are concise, and will be of benefit to
our readers. He says;
The time meat should hang to be
tender depends on the heat and humidity
of the air; il it is not kept long enough
it is hard and tough; if too long, it loses
its flavor. 1t should be hung where it
will have thorough air, and be dried
with cloth night and morning, to keep
it from damp and mustiness. Before you
dress it, wash it well; If it is a roasting
beef, pare of the outside.
II you fear your meat, etc., will not
keep till the time it is wanted, parboil
or parroast it; it will then keep couple
of days longer, when it may be dressed
in the usual way, only it will be done in
rather less time. The cook and the
butcher as often lose credit, by meat
being dressed too fresh, as the fishmon-
ger does by fish that has been kept too
long.
Dr. Franklin in his philosophical ex-
periments, tells us, that if game or poul-
try be killed by electricity it will become
tender in the twinkling of an eye, and If
it be dressed Immediately will be deli
cately tender. During the sultry summer
months it is almost impossible to procure
meat that is not either tough or tainted !;
the former is as improper as the latter for
the Embraced stomachs of relaxed valetu-
dinarians, (for whom at this season, poul-
try, stews, etc., and vegetable soups are
the most suitable food), when the diges-
tive organs are debilitated by the extreme
heat, and profuse perspiration requires
an increase of liquid to restore equilib.
rum in the constitution.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03

A well-dressed farmer called on bust
ness at the boarding place Of my son in
town, says farmer, in the New York
Tribu,x, and, after leaving, the gentle
man of the house was told by my son
that the caller was farmer, when he ex-
claimed, "He's no farmer!" OF this
farmer once heard the remark that che
always looked as though he had Just come
out of a band box" Now, | happen to
know that this dress was inexpensive,
and devoid of foppery or show; only
plain, neat and clean, and he always
wore collar and necktie when visiting
or on business. Evidently there is room
for Improvement in the appearance Of
farmers when abroad, or notice would
not have been taken when one appeared
neat and tidy, with collar, etc. Farmers
who read this can refer to their own OBJ
servation whether the appearance of
themselves and neighbors is all that it
should be at home.
II the children of some fathers and
mothers are little ashamed of their
parents uncouth dress, unkempt hair
and general slouchy habit, they do moi
deserve to be very highly censured.
Why should farmer be stoop-shoul-
dered or of rolling or shutting gait9 His
work is no harder than that of many
townsman, who carries his head erect,
with straight form, and walks with
something of the martial air, as though
the equal of other men. Nothing
which can be won by work in this world, :
says the New York Witness, scan make
amends for shortened and enfeebled
lives" indorse this, and contend thai
we should keep our forms erect, walk as
squarely as other men, dress respectabl,
and becomingly both at home and abroad
for our children's sake, as well as oul
own, and dignity, as we may, the mos
useful and honorable calling in tn,
world.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS.
DEATH IN THE VINEGAR cRuEr.

HhSth ~ ''@
Acting under the provisions of u recent
law the Secretary OF the Indiana State
Board of Health has collected samples Of
the vinegar sold in Indiana cities, and has
Just completed careful analysis. OF
eight samples thoroughly tested, but one
proves to be pure cider vinegar, and the
other seven are nothing more than de-
coction of rain water and sulphuric acid.
The largest vinegar mandatory in one
city, which claims to sell pure apple vine'
gar, furnished the worst stuff that was
found among the samples, The Secre.
tary says that it will destroy the stomach
even of an ostrich if used literally, The
law as enacted by the last Legislature pro-
hibits the manufacture and sale of any
vinegar not the product of pure apple
Juice. 1t must not have any artificial
coloring; must have an acidity equivalent
to the presence of not less than four per
cent. by weight of acetic acid.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
RECIPES.

Lemon Cake-One cup of butter, two
cups of sugar, one cup of sweet milk,
three cups of flour, the whites of FIVE
eggs, one teaspoonful of soda, two Of
cream Of tartar; bake in layers. Filling:
Two tablespoonfuls of corn starch, one
cup of boiling water, one cup of sugar,
the grated rind and juice of two lemons.
Fish Pie--Take any tirm-feshed fish,
cut in slices. and season with salt and
pepper; let stand in cold place for two
or three hours; then put the sliced fish
in baking dish, with a little cream or
water and butter and flour rubbed to \
cream, with minced parsley and hard
boiled eggs sliced; line the sides of the
dish half way down, and cover with a
nice paste Bake in an oven, quick at
first, but gradually growing moderate.
Savory Custard-Take quart of good
meat nicely favored with vegetables /;
beat six eggs, mix with the soup, and
season with salt and pepper; pour this
custard mixture into deep dish, butter
very thickly three or four slices of thin
bread 1.-THE slices should not be thicker
than dollar, and only lay enough to
cover the top of the custard, l mean do
not put one slice on the other; bake till
firm in the centre and the surface is pale
brown. This is very nice dish.
Light Biscuits-Sift three and one half
pounds Of flour into bowl; make hole
in the center and stir in one pint of luke.
warm milk and half a pint of yeast; stit
in just -four enough to make a thin bat
ter; cover and let stand till light; melt
one-half pound of butter in one pint OF
warm milk; let it stand till luke warm,
and with tablespoonful of salt sift in
the other ingredients; knead and LET
stand one hour; roll and cut into biscuits,
lay two inches apart, let stand till light,
then bake
Egg Soup With Ham-For this soup
ham bone, from which all outside smoky
surface has been cut away, is excellent,
or if that is not convenient slice OF
boiled ham Cor raw ham scalded in two
waters after every bit of outer discol-
ored surface is removed) must be used.
Pour over it two quarts of cold water
let it simmer gently an hour, then beat
eight eggs and add them to the liquor
Chop tablespoonful of parsley very fine,
and stir into the soup with two scant tea,
spoonfuls of salt and half level salt
spoonful of pepper.
Egg and Cheese Soup--This is quickly
made and very nourishing Put foul
ounces of rich cheese, either shaved OF
grated, with two quarts of hot water (ol
milk if preferred) in saucepan over .ht
fire; let it boil gently for few minutes
Boil in another saucepan in salted water
a quarter of pound Of a macaroni Croker
into short lengths), till tender (or cuI
of rice may be used, boiled also til
tender; when the cheese is quite dis
solved season with two level teaspoonful,
of salt and half saltspoonful of sugar
Add the macaroni or rice and six or eigh
eggs well beaten.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
Expansion by Heat and Cold.

Water expands both with heat and
cold. 1t is the fact that water expands
in freezing, which enables Frost to act
so powerfully as disintegrating agent.
Water enters the cracks and pores of
rocks, and on freezing expands with
such force as to break oil fragments from
their surface Reaumur found that three
of the metals also slightly expand, under
the influence OF cold, on becoming solid,
namely, cast iron, anthony and bismuth,
and hence the precision with which cast
iron takes the mold. II a metallic bottle
be filed with molten bismuth, and
tightly plugged up, the bottle will lie
ruptured when the metal soldifes.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
A SONG TO THE WORLD.

A song to the world-the beautiful world
In spite of its clouds and its cares,
Its trials and pains, its shames and its stains,
Its cruel deceits and its snares
With all its sad faults, tits the best world we,
IT'S the only one given to man
So let us accept it, with thanks, as it is,
And enjoy it as long as we can.
Then away with the cynic who cavis at
life,
And wishes his day at an endl
Never yield to despair, but patiently
Such mishaps as man cannot mend.
What miner who works the auriferous earth,
Its glittering store to unfold,
Would be sour in mood, If the yield had was
good,
Because he found dross with the gold'
Then while you are working the vast mine of
life,
Be humble, content and resigned
Never worry nor fret; take the best you can
get,
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The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03
THE RsrR "INprsTRY =

The Washington scdi,.ief, beer organ,
edited by the Attorney of the tnted States
Brewers Association says:
The following tables, prepared by ehe Conn
missioner of Internal Revenue, shows the
steady and rapid increase in the consumption
of malt liquors in the United States:
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03

Denmark now produces $4,000, 600
pounds OF butter in year. there being,
among population Of 1000, 600, no
fewer than 900. 900 cows.
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03

These significant figures indicate that there
is a widespread and steadily increasing con-
sumption OF beer, and that there is urgent
need Of more Of that kind of temperance
teaching among the people which will illus
trate conclusively the inherent evil Of alco-
holie teer-drinking. Temperance Adrocdte
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03

There arc people using Dobhins Electric Soap
to-day WIZ commenced its use ~ ls65. Would
this he the case were 1t not the punst and pnsi
economical soap made. Ask your grocer for it
Look out for limitations n-,l.bins
The Londonderry sifter. (South Londonderry, Vt.) 1883-19??, 1889-10-03

shatter their scepter. They are the masts of
tho continent, their canvas spread on the
winds while the Old ship bears on its way
through the ages. Their size, of which trav-
elers often speak, does not affect me so much
a. their longevity. Though so old now, the
branches of some of them will crackle in the
last conhagration of the planet.
That Valley Of the Yosemite is eight miles
long and half mile wide and three thousand
feet deep. II seems as il it had been the
meaning of Omnipotence to crowd into As
small place as possible some OF the most
stupendous scenery of the world, Some OF
the cliffs you do not stop to measure by feet,
for thev are literally mile high Steep SC
that neither foot of man nor beast ever scaled
them, they stand in everlasting desauce. II
Iehovs' ',s throne on earth these a." t'
white pillars. Standing down in this great
s ana Wonder on .n' is 'ne Cathedral Rock,
vast. gloomy minister built for the silent
worship Of the mountains. Yonder is Sen
tinel Rock, 3270 feet high, bold, solitary
standing guard among the ages It's TOP SCI
dom touched until a bride one Fourth OF JUL
mounted it and planted the national stand
ards and the people down in the valley
looked up and saw the head Of the mountain
turbaned with the Stars and Stripes. Iondel
are the Three Brothers" four thousand fee
high; Clouds Rest" North and Soutf
Dome and heights never captureu save D,
the fiery bayonets of the thunder storm.
No pause for the eye, no stopping place fol
the mind. Mountains hurled on mountains
Mountains in the wake of mountains
Mountains fanked by mountains Mountain
split Mountains ground Mountain
Z fallen. Mountains triumphant. As thougl
Mont Blanc aud the Adirondacks an,
Mount Washington were here utterinl
themselves in one magnificent choru
Of rock and precipice and waterfall
Sitting and dashing through the rocks. tn
water comes down. The Bridal Vel
Falls, 80 thin YOU can see the fac
of the mountain behind. Yonder is Yose
mite Falls. dropping 1884 feet ..Sixtaa,
times greater descent than that OF Niagara
These waters dashed to death on the rocks
so that the white spirit of the slain water
ascending in robe Of mist seeks the heaven
yonder Is Nevada falls plunging seven huI
dred feet, the water in arrows, the water !
rockets, the water in pearls, the water \
amethysts, the water in diamonds: Ihs
cascade filings down the rocks enough 3ewe
10 array all the earth in beauty, and rusne