davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Origin of tho Dollar.

The word 'sdollar' was in our languag
at least three hundred years ago. j
was used by Shakespeare several timsS
This was in the latter part OF the Sly
teenth century. 1t is supposed that tn
word was at that time in familiar use i
London, having been brought in by th|
North German merchants, who manage}
the trade on the Baltic and in Russia:
dollar" appears first in an Englls|
dictionary in l745. It is a borrowed
word, being the German 'thaler." 1t
derived from "thal," our word 'dale,
or valley; and it means daler, or one com
ing from valley. The coins issued IN To
mints in Joachimsthal were called"Joacf
imsthalers." When other mints we1
established the "Joachims" was droppe
and the coins were called simpI
''tnalers.'
The dollar was adopted by Congre3
as the unit of our currency August
1885. 1t was to contain 1854 grai1
of pure silver; but when the mint wd
established, in 1852, the requireme1
was reduced to 37l.25 grains OF pu
silver. The coinage of dollars began
1904.
Our dollar was an adaptation of II
Spanish milled dollar, which had ted
in circulation here from before u
Revolution. 1t will be understood tn
the dollar was described as milled o.
from the circumstance of its having t
rim notched Just as our present coins
uotched. The practice OF notching t
rim was adopted to prevent the clippe
Of coin reducing its size by taking
shaving all around, as they used to
with English coins. All American 90
and silver coins are milled.
In the case of nickel and copper col
the metal is not valuable enough
prove a temptation to the clippers,
the edges of these coins ale not mile
-Youth's Companion.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Fighting Ocean Storms with Rockets.

The patent for an improved method of
distributing oil on stormy sea, invent.
ed in Germany, has been purchased by
the Norddeutsche Lloyd Steamship Com
pany.
A rocket to which is attached cylin-
der filled with oil comprises the main
part of the patent.
When o heavy storm arises on the
ocean and the ship ls in danger from the
waves, the rocket, it is said, can be fred
80 that the oil in the cylinder can be
distributed at any point the navigators
wish.
Several very interesting experiments
have been lately made by the Captains
of the Norddeutsche Lloyd steamships
during storms on the Atlantic. They go
to show that the rockets can be so fired
that the oil can be distributed over from
1000 to 5000 square feet of troubled
water.
On one occasion recently rocket was
fred a distance of over 1900 feet.
Again, when in a nor'wester, another
rocket was fired in the teeth of gale O
distance of 900 feet. By the explosion
of five rockets at distance of 1900 to
1900 feet from one Of the Norddeutsche
fleet, space of 1000 to 5000 square feet
of water was covered with the oil, and
the heavy motion of the sea calmed.
Experiments are being made with an
eye to the Improvement of even this
patent.
"The importance of this invention to
ocean Sailors" said one of the firm OF
Louis Contanseau, of the Bordeaux
steamship line, Consists in the certainty
of explosion of the rocket at a sufficient
distance from the ship to leave the ves-
sci in calm water during gale.
SPY means of the rocket" continued
he, "a very small ship can 60 safely
through the fercest of Atlantic storms. "
--Nsao York Sun.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
.ax POET OF THE FUTURE

o tho Poet of the Future! BE will come to
MS as comes
Tas beauty Of the bugles voice above tne
roar of drums
The beauty of the bugle's voice above the
roar and DIN
OF battle drums that pulse the time the
victor marches in.
HIS hands will hold no harp, in sooth; MS
lifted brow will bear
10 coronet of laurel-nay, nor symbol any
where,
Savs that his palms are brothers to the toll
er's at the plow,
His face to heaven, and the dew of duty on
his brow.
de viii sing across the orchard, and the
woman at the we'll
Win stay the dripping bucket, with smile
ineifable;
And the children in the orchard will gaze
wistfully the way
Ihs happy song comes to them, with tne
fragrance of the hay.
Ths barn will neigh in answer, and the past
ure lands behind
VII chime with bells, and send responsive
lowings down the wind;
And all the echoes of the wood will jubilant-
ly call
In sweetest mimicry of that one sweetest
voice of all
Othe Poet of the Future! He will come as
man to man,
With the honest arm Of labor, and the hon
est face OF tan,
Tho honest heart of lowliness, the honest soul
of love
For human kind and nature kind about him
and above.
his hands will hold no harp, in sooth; his
lifted brow will bear
No coronet of laurel-nay, nor symbol any
where,
Eaye that his palms are brothers to the toll
er's at the plow,
His face to heaven, and the dew of duty on
his brow.
james ". Riley, in the Century.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Softenlne Water.

An authority on softening water, max
ing soap and kindred matters says:
"For ali washing and cleansing opera.
tions it is indispensable, if good and
economical results are to be obtained,
first to soften the water before using soap
of any kind. Softening water SIMPLY
consists in removing the soluble lime
salts with which all water Except pure
rain water) is more or less lmpregnated.
If this is not done the soluble lime forms
an insoluble lime soap from the decom-
position of the soap used for washing.
This substance is a greasy, sticky, oily
compound, perfectly insoluble and more
difficult to wash away afterward by any
treatment. 1t is this that causes the
yellow grayish deposit on the edges OF
collars and cuffs washed simply with
hard water and soap. and the sticky,
greasy deposit ON wood when treated IN
a similar manner and also on the sides
and edges of all washing-machines.
sIt is most uneconomical proceeding
to wash anything in water and soap alone
without previously softening the water.
Not particle of soap can become ayaiia-
BILE for washing purposes until all the
added lime in the water has combined
with the amount of soap it requires
to form the insoluble lime soap. AS
compared with the pure 9S per cent.
powered caustic soda, such as the
''Greenbank" brand, it requires twelve
pounds of the very finest pure soap or
twenty to thirty pounds of ordinary soap,
such as is usually sod to manufacturers,
to do the same work that can be done
with one pound of this soda. ."-Ne~ York.
World.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Three Good Home Recipes.

Snowballs-Pare and core six apples;
fill the space with little marmalade OF
any kind, or sugar and spice with bit
of chopped lemon or orange peel. Place
each apple in separate cloth, and scat
ter over each two tablespoonfuls of rice.
Tie rather loosely, and boil for one hour.
For the sauce, cream q piece OF butter
the size of an egg with q cup OF fine
sugar; add the grated rind and juice OF
one orange, or its equivalent in any kind
of fruit Juice from canned fruit. Pour
over slowly pint of boiling water.
Fricandelles- which call for
cold chicken or turkey are in order ut
this season of the year. Take hall
pint of cold minced fowl, and an equal
ouantity of stale bread that has been
softened in cold water; it must be Just
soft and moist-not soaking. MIX bot9
together, and season with salt and
CAYENNE. Dip the hands into cold
water. and make up the meat and bread
into small sausage shaped rolls, about
two inches long, and one in diameter;
roll them in fine cracker or bread crumbs,
and fry in kettle with smoking hot fat
enough to float them; take out with
skinner, and lay on brown paper mo-
ment to free them from grease. Garnlsh
with parsley or crosses and slices OF
lemon.
To Cook an Old Fowl-Braising Is one
of the incest ways in which to serve an
old hen. If it Is cold weather, let 1t
hang for at least five days after it IS
dressed. Then stuff as for roasting. II
YOU have a pair of fowls, cut quarter
of a pound of salt pork in thin slices;
lay half of this in broad saucepan, the
chickens on top, and the rest OF the pork
skewer over their breasts, just taking up
the skin, and not running the skewers
through the flesh. Season with salt ana
pepper, and pour over pint OF boiling
water: cover the saucepan closely and
simmer for two hours and half, or until
thew are very tender, but cook slowly.
This is the secret of cooking all meats
over the fire; they must only be SIM
mered. When the chickens are zone,
Law them on hot dish in the warming
oven, and strain the gravy. Put half OF
it in a saucepan, and boil rapidly to a
BRIGHT brown glaze. first adding tea
snoonful of flour wet with cold water.
Remove the pork from the chickens,
brush them over with the glaze. and
brown in quick oven. Skim the lat
from the rest of the gravy add the glib
let. chopped fine, and the water in
which they were cooked; thicken with
Drowned flour, and season to taste
American .AQricutuI9st.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
WORDS OF WISDOM.
Seek peace and pursue It.

Seek peace and pursue It.
Wealth is but sugar.coated poverty.
Be cheerful; light heart lives long.
Who keeps his tongue doth keep his
soul.
Never press favor where it seems un-
desired.
The seeding in sorrow brings reaping
in song. .
Though feet should slip, meier Let the
tongue.
Thou hast concealed thine agea Surely
not thy folly.
The surest way to drive honors from
you is to 60 to them.
To know others, study thyself; to
know thyself, study others.
"a tried and trusted friend" is all
right usually until he is tried and
trusted.
In storms q feather takes higher
fight than a stone; and an oak is up
rooted more easily than the vine it sup.
ported.
Oie SuSlod1o AAooc SIfS w AS" "
conditions or the result is revolution
when 1--WE, the people" who hold the
fort must be recognized.
If all the nations of the earth would
disband their armies. no wars would be
possible; the same would be true if no
organizations other than "we, the peo-
pie" was permitted.
Women are more likely to love those
whom they hate than those who appear
to them ridiculous. For of the ridlcu.
lous we deem ourselves the superior; !;
but those we hate are seldom our in
teriors.
Nothing can be more certain than that
the character can be sustained and
strengthened only by its own energetic
action. The will, which is the central
force of character, must be trained to
habits of decision; otherwise it will be
able neither to resist evil nor to follow
good. Decision gives the power of
standing firmly, when to yield, however
slightly, might be only the first step in
q downhill course to ruin.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Stones for Washington Monument.

The work OF cutting and setting
memorial stones for the Washing4
Monument that were stored in the
wooden building is under progress
will be finished. it is thought, in ah
a month. The stones are'almost all
thick, from two to three and half 4
and it is necessary to slab them dov
a thickness of from four and 'ha
eight inches: according to the char
of the carving. If it is in high ]
the stone is cut thin; if it is sunk Il
slab is produced. In order to cut Il
stones the contractor has rugged a Z
porary saving frame in the grounds I
!gnaws away at the marbles from mo
ing until night. A small traction
gine furnishes the power, running v
Slowly, with just enough pressure on
keep the piston rod in motion. A b
runs to set of wheels few feet avs
where the motion is transferred to
horizontal arm working back and fofI
at the rate of one hundred round.trips
minute. This bar connects with I'd
saving frame, about four feet distant
This is really great bucksaw, hung froi
a rude derrick twelve Or fifteen feet hig
by means of two strong ropes. The BLOCK
of marble is placed in position under tn
derrick and the saw raised so that tn
blade, merely strip of steel several fee
long, three or four inches wide, and q
eighth of an inch thick, rests on Il
marble at the right place so as to 81
the slab the proper thickness. A go
pipe, perforated at regular intervals wi
small holes, runs alongside the blade
connected with water tank. Then th|
engine is started and the strip OF sted
begins to move back and forth over thl
hard surface. The sawyer climbs up OF
the stone and dashes hundfuls of hard
sand around the moving blade, while th'
water drips from the holes in the gas
pipe. The cutting is done by the SAND
being rubbed against the stone by ths
steel, about two and a half feet being
done in day.
In the monument chisels and hammer,
arc ringing and changing half way ul
the shaft as couple of workmen ar!
eating their way into the granite ano
marble to find beds for the memorial
slabs. A good many of the stones ar'
placed, but many more remain to be set,
and there are still nine holes to cut II
the wall. 1t is a tedious operation cut
ting into the hard granite, and many
hours are consumed in preparing single
bed. The workman first cuts q vertical
line of holes a couple of inches deeE
across the space marked out for the bed
and then removes the material by the usi
of wedges. The top of the highes1
memorial stone will be rearly $50 feel
from the ground Washington Star.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
"One Lungs" Attempt

Among the novel methods
from prison that have been tn
in point of cleverness or original
masses the attempt made by Chi
His name was Yuenai Lung, but
known about the Joliet Qll.) pr
Zone Lung" He either could d
would not speak English. and Their
a rood deal of discussion as to VIII
do with him. In the course of da
two. however, he was installed in
nosition of blootblack ut the de
warden's Office. After vast dea|
pantomimic instruction he bee
reasonably adept in his new teld
labor, but he was terribly hard
brushes, and it required wonder
amount of blacking to keep him 81
Piled. One evening, about a fortni9
after zone Lung" had been initiated
the mysteries OF shoe-shining, the to
kew at the gate was confronted D.
frightful.looking man with bristi
black beard that would have turned
average dime novel pirate green "
envy. The fellow wore dirty suit
black clothes. AS he came up to
gate he made polite bow and stepP
aside for the turnkey to open the gay
and let him out. But for reasons bed
known to himself the turnkey did mol
comply. In the first place, it is positively
forbidden to pass strangers without
permit signed by the warden, and ever
then suspicious characters are detained
till identified. Seeing the fellow wanted
TO 90 out, the turnkey asked for q per
NIT, but he of a bristling beard re-
sponded with q series of polite bows
which were comical to the last degree!
His looks were enough to have convicted
him of almost any crime, but from hi1
actions he appeared to be q half-witted
mute. To settle matters the gatema3
called q guard and had the bearded
pantomimist placed under arrest. H''
was taken into the room for the recep
ton of newly-arrived convicts, and tht
deputy warden was called. A few min
utees after the arrival of the deputy th|
warden was sent for, and there was th|
sound of uproarious laughter withi4
The door opened presently and out cam|
the guard leading no less a personagI
than zone Lung" who, deprived of th.
piratical beard, no longer looked teri
rible. His almond eyes were as express
sionless as ever, ano his countenance borI
that look of innocent calm so chaIactet
istic in the Mongol. This episode el
planned the destruction of the blackinl
and brushes. The sly Celestial had imI
provised set of false whiskers OF th|
hair from the brushes, and with II
blacking had dyed his striped su
black. He had watched the guard
going out, and noticed that they bowel
to the turnkey, and, supposing this \
be the s'sesame" which caused the dod
to open, had initiated them Mieas
Herald.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
The Four Sensational Explosives.

OF all the explosive "ites" which have
caused sensations at the time of their in
yention the only ones which yet remain
above ground are dynamite, forcite, en-
mensite and melnite.
Dealers say that of all the high explo-
sives sold dynamite foots up ninety-nIne
Der cent. of the aggregate. Forcite has
been looming up lately. Emmensite is
vet in embryo. 1t is supported by Ed
win Booth and Lawrence Barrett to the
extent of $4,000. Great claims are
made for it. Nlelnite has been adopted
by the French Government for use in
the army.
AS the ''ites" fell, one after another,
the secret of their composition came out,
and it was found that their bases were
identical. In fact, all of them were, in
their essential elements, nothing but
common dynamite, and since it was dis.
covered that the old explosive served oil
purposes as well, and could be manufac-
tured more cheaDly new compounds have
been looked upon with suspicion.
Twenty-Five per cent. OF all the eX-
plosives used in this country arc manu-
factured under the Nobel patent, issued
twenty years ago, to q half dozen com
panics. The brands are the Atlas, Her
culcs, Giant, -l.tna, Hecla and Judson.
There has been very little advance
made in this direction since Nobel got
his patent. Various absorbents of the
nitro glyccrine in the compound are
used but the process is the same as ever.
Most of the dynamite now used is
made of a mixture of nitro-glycerine,
wood pulp, nitrate of soda and carbonate
of magnesia. The nitro-g glycerine is
made by the action of nitric acid on
glycerine, usually in conjunction with
sulphuric acid. All the acid is then ex-
tra:tcd from the mixture and it is placed
in the kneadirg trough with wood pul p
and the other constituents, and the
whole is worked out until dynamite, as
it is now sold, is formed. The various
ssites' had also nitro -glycerine for their
bases but had other elements which
made them, when finished, either liquids
or jellies, while dynamite looks like saw
dust. Commercial Adcertiser.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Baby Blankets.

An afghan for carriage or crib is knit
either in plain strips or squares, and
these are crocheted together with
colored worsted, matching principal
color, or else with vivid contrast.
For bath blanket, use heavy zephyr
and large hardwood or bone needles.
Cast on 120 stitches, knit a square and a
quarter. If colored border is made, 1t
should be red, as that is the only color
that will wash perfectly where frequent
washing is required. .,
For a cradle blanket cast on l0O
stitches, using single zephyr. Stripe
prettily with white and baby blue, white
and orange, white and scarlet or cardinal,
or else make white center and wide
end borders of color. Edge with
knitted worsted. sturdy OAK.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
A Big Bug and a Small Potato.

Ex.Attorney General Palmer is fond OF
q Joke, and he isn't put out bit If the
joke is on him, just so it is funny. He
dresses very neatly and is not given to
jewelry except in the matter OF scarf
pins, and an adornment of this character
once led to remark about him that set
all Wilkesbarre to laughing. He had
purchased q very handsome pin in the
shape of bug, which was of rather
loud size and pretty conspicuous. 1t
looked like an exaggerated potato bug.
His friends guyed him considerably
about it, and, that scarfpin became the talk
of the town. One day prominent German
saloon keeper passed Mr: Palmer as the
latter stood at his office door, looked out
the corner of his eye at the scarfpin and
smiled. Instantly the attorney, in his
quick, sharp way, said:
"Well. Duchy, what's the matter with
YOU? What are you laughing at2"
"Oh, nodings, Mr.. Balmer9"
"Yes you were. You were laughing
at this scarfpin. What's the matter with
itp"
sI guess it's all right, Mr.. Balmer:"
"Well, look at it and see. Is there
anything the matter with it, Examine
it,"
The German drew nigh, carefully
scanned the pin, looked it over gravely,
and was about to turn away, when Dir.
Palmer said:
"Well, what's the matter with that
bug scarfpin2 What do you think"
Hyell. MIR. Balmer," said the German.
81 don'd know but vat think | never
before saw so big bug on so schmall
potato, " and he walked of with queer
grin on his face.
The remark struck Mr.. Palmer as
being exceeding funny, and he told it to
some of his iends.-Harrisburg (Psnn.)
telegraph.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
Peru's Nitrate Of Soda Beds.

It was the wealth of Peru and Bolivia
which was their curse from the time of
Pizarro to that of modern Chill. Guano
has been exported since 1916 from Peru,
and the annual shipments are said to
have amounted to SaU, 600, 600 and $780,
600, 900, whereas the whole population
of the country was not greater than that
of Pennsylvania. The epidemic Of
riches broke both the government and
the people, and brought in foreign
enemies. How much better OF are we
in some parts of this country, with all
our riches and so little fortitude2 The
euano running down, nitrate of soda
was found in the deserts, and Chilli
came in to get this and destroyed Peru.
THE whole coast" says Curtis, ''fron
the twenty-third to the twenty.tfth
parallel of latitude appears to be one
solid mass Of this valuable mineral, hit
for hundred different uses, and worth
in the market from $40 to $50 ton.
One would think that we had something
analogous to it in our alkaline plains. 1t
was discovered IN 1888, in South
America, by an old Englishman named
George Smith. They say it will take
eight or ten centuries to dig it away.
Nobody knows how the nitrate was
formed under the sands of this desert.
Shoyeling off the sand, you come to a
course of sun-baked clay, and under
this is a bed OF white material, like
melting marble and soft as cheese. 1t is
about four or five feet thick, and is
broken up by crowbars and ground: A
solution from it is run into vats of sea
water, and crystalization is caused. The
ultimate result is an iodine of commerce
costing rs much per ounce as the salt
petre brings per hundred weight. The
highest grade goes to the powder mills,
the next to the chemical works, and the
third to the fertilizer factories"
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
The New Reporter Gets Solid.

It was the new reporter who had come
IN, covered with perspiration and dust,
as the last form went to press.
"Did it take you all day to do that
park water works detail, "snarled the city
editor. =,
SSH! speak low" whispered the
new Especial" in the G. E.'s ear. scot
on to an Al suicide out in the park
defalcation, probably"
"Great Casar! and we Lave gone to
press" gasped the editor; "the after
noon papers will get a beat on US to-
morrow"
"Not much "chuckled thereporter; 81
knew couldn't get here in time for the
last edition, so l just queered the fnd."
"What do you mean"
"Why, 1 dragged the body into the
bushes and covered it up with grass and
things. A. bloodhound couldn't find it.
To morrow we will develop the claim
and give 'em two-column sensation" /"
With tears in his eyes the city editor
arose and fell upon his su5ordinate's
neck. "You are an honor to the profess
sion," he sobbed; "1'll see that your
salary is increased 50 month. I will,
by jingow-Union Printer.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1889-02-06
HOUSEHOLD MATTERS.
Effective Eradication of Greas


There are several effective means OF
taking out grease spots. Chlorotorm
will do it. So will salt dissolved into
alcohol. So will an equal mixture OF
alcohol, gin and ammonia. Or you can
wet the place with ammonia water; then
lay white, soft paper over it, and iron
with hot iron. Or rub French chalk
on the wrong side; let it remain a day;
split visiting card, lay the rough side
on the spot and pass warm iron lightly
over. Or try the old-fashioned "grease
balls" stiff paste made of fuller's
earth, salcratus and vinegar, nodded into
balls and dried. Wet the spot, scraEe
the ball over it, let it dry, and wash it
oil with tepid water.-Msa0 York Dis
patch.