The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898, 1889-04-26
HOME AND FARM.
THn CULTIVATION OF CORN, PoTA-
TOES. ETC.
In the Selection OF Good Seed Lies the
Success In Farming Cruelty to
Animals Where TO Build
the Pig Pen, Etc.

\ Cruelty To animals does not always
consist in clubbing and beating them. IL
may be, and quite often s done In iced
ing. What can be more barbarious than
to keep stock confined in close quarters
all winter, with but one or two kinds OF
food and with little or no exercise?
Take the weight Of twelve eggs in white
sugar, take the weight Of twelve in flour,
the weight of nine in butter Cream the
butter after washing from it all the salt,
then cream the flour into it by degrees.
4 Meanwhile, having beaten the eggs sep
arately until very light, stir them in,
beating constantly, and add lastly sea-
soning OF mace or lemon rind and some
4 flavoring--say two tablespooniuls OF rose
water, and you have an excellent pound
cake.
\ Take two large lemons and rub the rind
with one pound Of loaf sugar. 80 that oil
4 the yellow part is removed, place the
sugar in a basin, squeeze the juice Of the
lemons over, then add the yolks Of six
eggs and beat it all we'll up, and put il in
4 jar for use. II will keep for years Any
4 flavor, such as vanilla or cinnamon, may
/ ut huutu IL likcu. w Htt INVulANl lui
use, having made the paste and lined the
tins, mix one tablespoon Of the mixture
with a teacupful Of good milk and place a
little in each tart, and you have cheese
cake.
Where to build the pig pen, seems Of
ten 10 puzzle the farmer. The pen should
be located at considerable distance
from the house, and in a direction from
which the prevailing winds will not watt
the odors toward it. Better still the bad
smells should be reduced to minimum
by cleanliness and deodorizing at the
pen. This il easily done and protitably,
too, by throwing in a few shoveliuls OF
dry earth on that portion where the pigs
resort, so that their manure is mixed up
with ii in the pen, and still more thor
oughly when the pen is cleaned out.
Every pen should be constructed so 1t
can be cleaned out from one OF the sides
without entering It at all. Enough space
should be left between the floor and the
siding for introducing long handle
scraper or hoe for the purpose OF clean
ing II out. II the pen has been literally
supplied with dry earth, bad odors will
be prevented and the value OF manure
increased.
Experiments show that cultivation
benefits the crop in more ways than by
the destruction OF weeds, though ii the
weeds and grass are kept down the corn
crop will be much benefited, as the
weeds rob the plants OF moisture existing
in the soil The moisture rises to the
surface by fore OF capillary attraction, the
compacted earth being porous. II the
earth is covered by any substance evap-
ration is thereby lessened and the water
is turned into the stalks of the plants.
When the ground is loosened, or the sur
face OF the soil broken, it becomes dry
mulch and prevents evaporation in the
same manner as though a covering was
afforded. It'll not necessary TO cultivate
deeply. What is required is to keep the
surface soil loose, thus preventing evap-
oration Of moisture and enabling the crop
to endure severe drought. The earth it,
self is covered into storehouse Of mois-
ture, and the soil should be cultivated
and loosened even il not weed can he
seen.
On field cultivated level and the sur
face all mellow, the rain goes right down
where ii falls, wetting ell the soil and
carrying what fertility 1t has in II right TO
the growing roots that extend all through
between the rows. Where a shovel plow
is used during heavy shower, much of
the water runs off in the furrows. The
ground in the hill instead OF being
"yielding medium often gets 80 dry
and hard that the yield Is injured. Level
sand will Withstand drought best. In q
wet season potatoes will stand hilling bet
ter, button drained land even then hills are
an injury. When one takes soil from be-
tween the rows to pile up around the
hills he is laying bare, or nearly so, the
roots that are along in the center. This
is abusing the plants, and on drained
land i know OF no possible benefit to be
derived Better plant about four inches
deep and keep the ground nearly level.
In practice ] have TO throw little dirt in
under the plants once with the Planet
horseshoe to keep the weeds down
without the use use OF hand-hOe, but
we keep the surface as nearly level as
possible After raising many thousands
vi busiNlS III Nhlo why w ihhh NV hlOiN
greened OF snnburned than we hilled up
high---in truth, think not so many.
Selecting and planting good seed is very
essential to the farmer. II is often true
that farmers are too careless in selecting
pure seed, or, say the best they can get.
is also fact that, as general thing, il is
incnrring unnecessary expense to send
away for a great variety Of seeds. 1t tis q
common error to suppose that anything
that will grow at all, is good enough to
plant. Seed corn should be carefully
selected at the proper time. BY a little
extra trouble in this direction, the corn
may be gradually improved from year TO
year, and will by no means found run
ming out. In almost every field Of corn
there is rich spot, or place where the
corn seems to come much nearer to the
point OF perfection, and with some extra
cultivation, fertilizing and care, superior
quality will be the result Of every effort.
While on the other hand, without atten-
tinu thp heat annd may aoon he entiralV |