The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1889-08-17

unexplored region were Fathers Depel-
chin, Law. Croonenberghs and two or
three others. Father Croonenberghs
was recently in this country, and gave
many very interesting accounts of mis-
sionary life and experiences in Africa
and Father Law left a diary of his
travels which was published in 1883,
and which contains graphic descrip
tion of the perils and hardshlps which
beset the early African evangelist.
But the foremost African missionary
in many respects is His Eminence
Charles Martial Cardinal Lavigerie.
archbishop of Algiers and Carthage,
and president of the congress that met
last Sunday at Lucerne. This prelaJe
was borne at Bayonne, France. 81 years
ago now. After his youth had been
passed. his education was looked after
by the famous Mosignor Dupanloup,
who sent him to St. Sulpice to pursue
his theological studies. Here, at the
completion of his course, he was duly
ordained, and began at once his DIS
tinguished career. In 1885 Father
Gagarin, aided by two pious French
laymen, instituted at Paris L'Oeuvre
des Ecoles d'Orient, or the Schools of
the East, an institution which now
supports upward of 500 Oriental schools,
frequented by over 10000 scholars, and
requiring the supervision of some 1910
religious, male and female, as teachers.
ABBE LAvIGERIE
was asked to resume the control of the
institution, and he accepted the post,
Hardly had he put himself at the head
of this work, though, than ecclesias-
tical honors began to come to him. In
1861 he was made auditore di rota in
Rome. and two years later he was ap-
pointed bishop of the see Of Nancy.
He retained this episcopate four years,
during which time he dispayed great
organizing skill, and in 1885 he was
transferred to the bishopric Of Carthage
and Algiers. Here he came in conflict
with the French government, which
sought to forbid him and his priests to
evangelize the Arabs, but although his
opponents were the Emperor and
Marshal Mcmahon, the coming cardi
nal carried the day. In 1858 he founded
the societv known as the Fathers of
the Algerian Mission, a society that has
now upwards of 200 members, and
which has given the church not few
martyrs. In 1874 the bishop undertook
to carry the light of the gospel into the
Sahara and the Soudan, but that task
was not easy Of accomplishments The
first priests whom he commissioned to
the Sahara, Fathers Paulmier, Bouchard
and Menoret, were martyred while near
T1mbuctoo. Nothing discouraged, the
bishop called for volunteers to take
their places, and he succeeded in send
ing four clergymen, Fathers Richard,
Morat and Pouplard to Ghadames,
where they established mission and
lived on friendly terms with the tribes
men for awhile. though they were
subsequently PUT to death during a
fanatlcal outbreak.
The late Plus TX. took great interest
in Bishop Lavigerie's work in Central
Africa, and by that Pontlff's direction
the bishop established four great mis-
sions in the Dark Continent, one on
Lake Nyanza, another on Lake Tan
ganlka, and two more at the extreme
north of the course of the Congo. 1t
was only by superhuman efforts that
the bishop was able to do this, and he
lost no less than ten of his priests
while establishing these missions. He
persevered, however, and succeeded SO
we'll that
A COUPLE OF YEARS AGO
he was able to report to Rome the
foundation of eleven stations in equa.
tor1al Africa. the presence there Of
over thirty priests, the conversion to
Christianity OF four or five villages and
the establishment of a number of
schools and orphanages. To help along
this work, the archbishop founded an
apostolic college, with noviatiate and
q scholasticate, at Algiers, and his
missionary society has other colleges at
Tripoll, Jerusalem, Malta, to say moth
ing of it's educational houses in France,
Belgium and Rome. During his first
ten years in Africa, Cardinal Lavigerie
built 49 churches, established Is new
parishes, opened six or seven SEM
inaries and introduced number OF
religious orders of both sexes. At
Carthage, where St. Louis died, he has
a church and college, and he has estab-
lished on Mount Hippi. where st.
Augustin lived. the House Of st. Mon
ica's Tears, Of which he wrote a cosple
of years ago to the directors of the
Oriental Schools in Paris thus: "At