davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20
HoKsE:s. AND cAmsiAGEs.

hOhST.c' AND eAMAsaAssG.S-.
4 GOOD HORSE for sale cheap at 244
IA Thirteenth St 293
EINE GLASS CARRIAGE for sale
l. cheap at A. Nippolt's, 1873 East Eighth
st. 293
EOR sALE-one team fine private ear
l. rage horses aged four and five years;
weight ,, 100 lbs perfectly sound and gen
tie: color cream and black, with white mark
ings. Call at once at $50 East Tenth ST. 293
DOR SALE-Two driving horses, sound
l. and perfect Can be seen at w. I. Burke s
Livery. 3SI sherman ST. 2Ss %
EOR SALE-Black mare gentle and very
i fast, fine roadster; will sell cheap. Room
4. 1873 East Fifth st. 293
DOR SALE-Family horse harness. top
u buggy and cutter at a bargain. 81 East
Fifth St 293
EOR SALE CHEAP-Pony TO ride or
drive, or will let party use tor its keep.
Address o 147, Globe. 293
DOR SALE CHEAP-Carriage horse. six
L years ola, kind and gentle: weight;
], 200: good roadster: harness: two-seated
open carriage, at 32S East Congress st. 293
NOR SALE-First-class team of heavy
Il roadsters; perfectly sound; weight
2. 700 pounds. Inquire ;j04 Lumbermen and
Builders Exchange. corner Seventh and
Cedar sts 29l-93
DOR SALE-Nice horse and phaeton
l. cheap for cash. 403 Park av., basement
near Martin st. 292-33
HORSE to use for keeping; very light
IL work: best of care. \ 10Y, Globe. 293
HORSE, BUGGY AND HARNESS for
IL sale cheap or trade on real estate as
part payment 293 Rondo st. 500
HORSES wlntered; best of care: So a
LII month. D. Henchman. p. o. Box 4O7
1860
TORS ES wintered at Elmo Park farm:
IL comfortable stabling at night and best
of care; IS per month. Address Daniel +.
Murphy, Farm Superintendent Lake Elmo.
Mimi. $50 81
HORSE--FOr safe. fine family horse; per
SIC Cedar st. 293
DORSl1S to winter. at Midway Park sta
l. L bles. a. j. WoOdmansee, Supt. 2S9*
HORSES wanted in exchange for good
IL land we'll located Box 2, Long Prairie,
Mimi. 292-9S
T WANT TO BUY horse and buggy for
L cash, or will trade lot and take horse as
part payment Address q l57, Globe. 293
MATCHED TEAM of chestnut sorrel
1Sl horses; six years old; weight ?, 100.
27I Martin st. 1913
M ULES-For sale, one pair good mules at
ItI auction, Monday, at 10 a. M. for board
bill, at 195 West Fourth ST. +. b. Ward. 293
D ED GROSS COUGH DROPS will cure
IL your cold; five cents per box 293
TWO HORSES. four and five years old.
l. and top buggies cheap. Inquire at +. NJ.
Lytzen & Co. :5.j7 jackson. 1913.
VERY CHEAP-Some ponies broken to
saddle and harness; one black team
for milkman or grocery, at 216 Pleasant av-
w AGON-Wanted. one heavy lumber
w wagon. 4s9 Rice st. 293
NNANTED-The best horse that $40 or
w $50 will buy. S27 East Seventh St,
city. 293-94
w 10 winter at II. C.
w Bartons stables, Inver Grove. 1928
WANTED to hire, cheap horse and
w buggy, or light wagon, by the week.
Address $50. Globe. 292-94
YOUNG HORSE. sound and gentle, truck
i and harness will be sold separate or to-
gether on easy terms; can be seen at W. p.
Burke'S livery. 80 sherman st. 293-29l
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

The DAILY
GLOBE is the
organ Of the
masses, but OF
no party, class
or clique. 1t
is looked up
o n b Y t h e
masses as a
frien d a n d
counselor, be-
sides a, steady
neWS-givep.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20
c0RhISH. CURTIS 4 GREENE la.

SIS Robert ST.. ST. Paul. Creamery and dairy
supplies of all kinds. Wholesale butter, eggs,
poultry and game Consignments received
Send for illustrated catalogue of dairy goods
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

ARTICLES. Pc - iilsn- Low Low c :
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

MONEY to loan i'll large or small amounts.
1t1 E. p. Wilgus, l32East Fourth st.
293 300
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

ENPWORTH NJ. f. CHURCH. CORNER
IL of Aurora and Mackubin st Rev. E.
Gill will preach st 10:30 a. IN. and Rev. DR..
Forbes at 80 p. m.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

MONEY LOANED on household furni-
1tl ture, pianos. horses and carriages, etc.
without removal; also on diamonds and gold
watches, etc. j. W. Edsall Il Co., III East
Fourth ST. 32*
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20
FNGLTsH SERVICE Will BE HELD

u at st. JOhn's Lutheran church. Eighth
St, between Locust and Willius SITS. on Sun
day evening at $50 O'Clock. Rev. r. d.
Biedermann will preach on The Light That
Shineth in Dark Place"
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

4 T BATES AVENUE NJ. e. CHURCH
n the PASTOR j. II. Dewart, will speak in
the morning on "A Model Congregation"
and in the evening on I'm What Sense Does
Sin Kill the SOul?''
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

A L THE PEOPLES CHURCH DR..
n Smith will speak at 1890 a. m. on
THE Religious Value of Miracles" At 7:3O
there will be harvest home festival, with
musical programme and exercises by the
Sunday school. All seats free.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

DARK CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
Rev. Wallace Nutting. pastor will
preach at l0:30 a. m. and T:30 p. M All
seats free. Meeting of the Y. p. 5. C. E. at
6 Ar n m
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

CLINTON AV. NJ. f. CHURCH WILL
~ give their pastor. Rev. j. +. Stout re-
cepton in their church parlors next Thurs
day evening at 7:3O p. M; all friends of the
church are invited to attend. This reception
is given on his return to this charge the third
year: Mr.. Stout has made many warm friends
in this CITY during bis stay here
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1889-10-20

AT rHE CHRISTIAN CHAPEL
II this morning Rev. W. A. Fosters SUBJ
ject will be: Where Shall Wisdom Be
Found:" i'll the evening the study will be:
Jacob and Rachel
The Hawaiian gazette., 1889-10-01
Arrival of the Komga.

The japanese training ship Komga,
Captain K. Sameachi, arrived Monday
Sept. 2Sd, forty-two days from Toxic,
Japan. She sailed in company with the
Hiyei on August 14th. The Komga ex-
perienced variable winds during the
whole voyage. She is 2,24S tons dis
placement, carries eight Krupp guns and
has q complement of 325 men of all
ranks. On coming into port she saluted
the Hawaiian and Admiral Kimberly's
flags. Her average speed per hour under
steam is said TO be IA knots. She is 295
feet over all, IL feet beam, q feet 2
inches from keel to main deck, and her
armament is very similar to that of her
sister ship now in port. The Kamga and
Hiyei will both remain in this harbor
about three weeks and then sail for the
South Pacific, calling at Samoa, Fiji,
and other groups en- route. The follow
ing is a list of officers of the Komga:
Captain, K. Sameachi.
Commander, NJ. Ncheda.
First Lieut., S. Macheda.
Navigating Lieut., T. Inouye.
Gunner Lieut.. K. Iwamoto.
Sub. Lieuts., Y Mori, K. Yoda, R.
Yeguchy, l. Osaka, N. Yamada, R. Ma
gaia, NJ Takasima.
Chief Engineer, n. Yeosimi.
LIST asst. Z" X. Kondo.
ID 4" Z" Y. Tomogoko.
Sd i" K Nagasaki.
Physicians, 7. Sasaki.
Assistant, K. Hyasi.
Pay Master, K. Kichi.
Asst. Paymasters, X. Sakura, 0. Ando.
didshipmen, s. Xxi, D. Iwamura.
Paymaster's Clerk, n. Simioo, forty
cadets and 262 nom commissioned sea-
men.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1889-10-01
THRUM'S ALMANAC.

MO HANDBOOK EXCELS THE HAWAIIAN
IN ALMANAC AND ANNUAL for reliable
statistical and general information relating to
these Islands. Price 80 cents; or mailed abroad
60 cents each.
THOS. G. THRUM, Publisher,
1IsI-1y Honolulu, q. 1.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1889-10-01

A letter from Paris says that Nj.
de Lesseps' name is rarely men
toned in the papers, and that he is
never seen in society now days. A
year ago he was the grand Francois.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1889-10-01

Didn't Use Cloves-Judge Ito po-
lice oficer)-Are you sure, sir, that
the prisoner was drunk? Officer
it dhrunk, yer Honor? Shure at he
I'D spoke through the tiliphone the
birth Nv i'm I'D av made the poles
shtagger.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1889-10-01
Gprtial Notices.
MR.. W. F. ALLEN,

-AS AN OFFICE WITH MESSRS. BISHOP &
Ill CO., corner of Merchant and Kaahumanu
streets, and he will be pleased to attend to any
business entrusted to him. 1224-6m
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
The paYfor the Doctors.

(which do you suppose is the bust
est day in the week for physician.
mean by that the day on which one gets
the most new cases?" asked disciple
Of Ksculapius OF visitor yesterday
afternoon while both were sitting in
the doctors cozy little office on the
south side,
Il don't know" was the reply, ''but
thought the Doctors business was very
uncertain; in fact, ! never heard that
people are more apt to become sick on
one day in the week than another
We'll then listen to me, and / will
give you the benefit of the experience
which have had during the last thirty
years. 1t has been the result of my OBJ
servation that the largest number of
people take sick on Monday. Not be-
cause it is a particular unlucky day,
nor that because the day is an enemy
to human health and life, but for this
reason: OF course you know that on
Sunday the regular routine kind of ex-
istence of everyday life receives a
change. The man who usually goes
down town to his Office, stays at home
on that day; the working-man and la
borer, who have been usually occupied
during the week either at the mfll,
glass house or other places, do not, as
rule work either. Now the mere in
terruption of the muscular movement
would probably not have had any bad
effect upon anybody were it not for
/ one thing, the change of diet.
"The loving, thoughtful housewife,
who knows that Sunday is the only day
on which she can have all those that
are dearest to her around the dinner
table, always excrts her culinary
abilities more than usual, and she
tries TO make something out of the
common something nicer and better
TO put before them to eat The conse-
quence is that she makes her cookery
richer, and she throws in a few
knick-knacks here and there that taste
very we'll; but, as a rule, these things
play havoc with persons indigestion,
especially when the stomach is not
used to them.
Now, that is the whole secret. It
is well-known fact that most diseases
arise from disorder of the digestive
organs, and hence you have the expla-
nation why more people do not get up
on Monday morning as well and as
bright as any other day.
Besides Monday, Saturday night is
also greater factor in the production
of clients for the physicians, but those
cases are mostly cracked heads and
broken arms, as the result of some
saloon row. -Pittsburg Dispatch.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16

given at night, and this sbon,o ~ -.
IL T ... ai'sr The horse is put In the stable
ne ,ie wlll then soon eat enough 10 satisf,
Ana aas appetite and win have time ID Il,
down and rest his food win serva = a.. =
ing 'i,, the whole of the next day. ana i,
Will need but little batting IAN ba s,o =
again at night. s'op'
Farm horses that are move. d,.,,..
rapidly require far less attention ~.
s snoss mat are urged to the top Of thei,
49, 49, ana those which are neve,
tiseh laster than walk win live an6
:, . useful a third longer than these
horses used In coaches. Ii Is fast drIy.
ing ANA high feeding that shortens tbe
Gays Of a horses usefulness.--New Emo.
land Farmer.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
sELw-sMorHEErnc.;
Persons Who Have, Committed Sui
eide ov Holding THAR Eraa+h


eide by Holding Their Breath.
DIR. ID. T.. Chadwick, of Binghampton,
writes TO the Chicago Times to say
that The case of the man Ayers, who Is
said to have committed suicide in Oma-
ha by holding his breath, is not the
first one of the kind that has come to
his knowledge. IL remember" says
he, "to have heard of no less than three
such cases before, though 1t has never
been my good fortune TO be present at
one OF the autopsies. DIR. Prieto, who
was for many years one of the best
known physicians in the west, and
whose word and judgment were as good
as anybody's, once told me of patient
who came to him when he was the ply
stefan in charge Of the medical springs
in La Sale county, Ill The patient
was very great sufferer from nervous
troubles and had been sent there by
her husband, who was, / think, mer-
chant In Chicago, but whose name /
have forgotten. One day she attempted
suicide by cutting her wrist, but was
discovered before she had lost much
blood. DIR. Prieto ordered her placed
under constant watch, and she, after
yainly trying to kill herself in many
ways, finally said to her attendant: III
you think you can keep me from killing
myself you are mistaken She there
upon turned over in bed and by sheer
force of viii held her breath until she
was past resuscitation. The attedant
did not even know what she was doing
until heaving of the bed-clothes,
caused probably by the involuntary ac-
ton of the respiratory organs, was
seen, but it was then too late to revive
the unconscious patient. DIR. Prieto,
when he related this incident to me,
said that he had heard of but one
other case--that of woman of whom
DIR. Eastman, also an old Illinois prac-
titioner, had told him. 1t was DIR.
Prieto's opinion that man could not
exercise will-power enough to commit
suicide in this manner, and j myself
believed that only women could do so,
until read OF the Omaha case.n
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16

Lambs like cOtton.sccd meal, but II
should be fed sparingly.
Early feeding q tho most desirable
for fowls The morning meal is Inn
poriant and is also best relished.
Never use stale eggs for nest eggs.
Nest egg gourds are best A single
stale cga may ruin your reputation.
The Young stock, az we'll as the ie-
males used for breeding purposes de-
mana n dict rich in the elements that
tend TO produce bone and flesh,
He who shears in the fall should dcal
lightly with the weaker members OF the
ilocls: else in tho spring their wool may
not be long enough to pull.
All fertilizers should be in as iine
condition as possible, for upon the der
grce Of fineness depends, to great eN-
,ent tho solubility Of the ingredients
when you order trees the coming
sprIne gct those that are not over one
wear old, MS they will root better ana
grow faster than those that are larger
The farmer who is expecting ms
mares or cows 70 come in should NOT
fail 10 supply a liberal amounto OF q over '
Cor clover and timothy hay)' reducing
the grain food. .,,n.
The peach or plum tree when plant
"A The coming spring, should be put ~
The poultry yard. II will be partially
protected from insects and will grow
rapidly. i. .hon,d
moi be forgotten that the manure ! !"
~ valued rs the feeding is poor OF rlen'
poor food makes poor manurei rioN
tooa makes rich manure.
Always have cutters TO carry on 'ns
water nom the caves Of barns ena
s,ablea II prevents dampness y !, :
oar,aIn extent. and win enable you 70
Soye 4 cistern full Of water Of OIL sea-
sons,
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
Strange Mistakes.

Says Portland bookseller: cat one
time we were earring a large stock of
religious works, and one day / called
out to one of my clerks, holding up a
book which he had wrapped up for
some one, Is this The City of God'ln
No, guess not, he said, without look
ing around, at least never heard it
called that before. 1t is generally call
ed the Forest City. Perhaps it is
Brooklyn He afterward explained
that he thought had found a reference
in some bork to place called the City
of God and wanted to know what city it
meant
son another occasion a woman with
valise in her hand rushed in and
asked new boy if he had That Hus-
band of Nine in our store. He came
rushing out to me in the back shop and
said woman wanted to know if her
husband was in our store. surmised
what the trouble was and attended to
her myself
.'Some of the most amusing mistakes,
however, are those made by people
who get the title of books wrong. They
read about them in some catalogue or
newspaper, but don't more than half
remember the name, and the result is,
to say the least, peculiar. One woman
came in the other day and asked for
The Rhinestone and went out mad
because one of the clerks told her we
didn't sell iewelry, Another wanted
The Cardinals Letter, by Hawthorne.
1t took our whole force about fifteen
minutes to get at what she really want
ed, The Scarlet Letter. She said she
knew there was something red about it
somewhere and thought it must be car
dinal. Portland Advertiser.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16

An excellent location for q beelseen.
or Is said to be near canning factory.
- she growth Of allkinds OF vegetables
ana green crops is thus encouraged,
ana some times lasts till late in the
season.
MANY diseases Of hogs are due to in
breeding. The conditions under which
our improved breeds OF swine are kent
render change to ''new blood" every
year as Indispensable for health and
Vigor.
Mixed farming permits of greater
variety Of crops, more stock, more ma
nure' larger yields and lessons the loss
In case OF drought or fluctuations in the
markets. 1t is not safe to depend on a
single crop for profit.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
After Confession.

She's told me all--the very word
That most wished 20 hear
Has stol'n from her liquid throat,
And melted on mine ear;
And am happy, happy now,
Recalling all'she said,
The jasmine trembling at her throat,
The rose upon her head.
o Western Wind, O Western Wind,
half think thou vast there,
And will chide thee, grown too bold,
For playing with her hair.
o Summer Glow, / saw thee not,
Though oft thy blush ! seek;
saw no heaven but her fair face,
No sunset but her check
o Moon, that came up In the east,
| saw thee not yestreen,
But saw lightin her soft eyes
Thou canst not shed, ween;
And so I'm happy, happy now,
In fancy at her feet;
why think on what the morrow'll be
When this day is so sweeti
w. Il. Dumas.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
Sala Would Be Better in aStrait
Jacket.

George Augustus Sala, the English
journalist, always wears white waist
coat. He says. You can't very well
commit murder when you have a
white waistcoat on The man who is
obliged to don white waistcoat in or
der to restrain an impulse to commit
murder should not be permitted to run
at large. He might forget to put OF the
garment some morning. He should
wear strait Observation-Disclosures
Herald.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
Cruel But Effective

A correspondent Of the Las Vegas
On. Nj Optic is responsible for the
following: More than thirty years ago
the writer of these lines was very
young teacher in female seminary in
a small village of Southern State.
The village, far away from the great
thoroughfares Of the state, and without
any railroad facility, was very quiet,
and the appearance of the old mail
stage, which passed our ssTusculumr
three times week. was the greatest
event of the day.
The principal Of the seminary, an
old, venerable Methodist preacher, was
undoubtedly the first man in the vii
lage. He was an Englishman of good
family, good English scholar and OF
mild and kind disposition. Although
not everybody's friend-for he knew
the old German proyerb, "Everybody's
friend, nobody's friend''-he was any
how beloved by old and young.
The life in our village was regular
''idyl;" all the inhabitants, white and
owners of every COW, pig, horse and
mule; we knew the circumstances of
everybody, and secrets were in every
respect an impossibillty.
Suddenly the good villagers. were
aroused in terrible manner by the
news, '.Tramps in the villager' 1t was
an awful, but glorious time. The pub
lie square, marked by four youthful
trees. was made the headquarters of a
vigilance committee, every young man
was armed and the excitement grew
higher, reaching the speculative form,
when the news came Mrs. Brown and
Mr.. Dixon were missing several hens
and turkeys.
A general order was given out. The
vigilance committee, provided with
guns and ammunition, should be in full
force at the public square by nine p. m.
no excuse was allowed. The password
was Bunker Hill" and the humble
author of this little novel was made
auditor of the com mittee, of course
without gun and powder, because
made an open confession that the only
powder | knew was harmless tooth
powder and gunpowder was not exact
ly my fancy.
Ten minutes past nine our comman-
der-in-chief gave the order to March,
march, and silently, but every one
hero, the committeeman were march
ed TO their different stations. A little
after ten two tramps were captured,
each one with a corpus delEcti on his
belt, of course no scalps; but one had
turkey and the other on old hen, and
both fowls were recognized by Mr..
Dixon as his property.
We had no judge, no sheriff, and no
Jail in our village; what should we do
with our prisoners? The question was
settled In a moment. A court-martial
was formed, both prisoners confessed
their guilt, and were sentenced to re-
ceive, we were in the south and slavery
and the whip around us, twenty lashes
with pepper and salt. An overseer OF
a plantation in the neighborhood. well
experienced in such affairs, executed
the sentence in high court, and for
years the good villagers never heard
any thing of a tramp.
Idaho news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1887-1891, 1889-03-16
Hints 10 Honsekeeners.

appiiea 10 the yellow keys
OF the piano viii restore the color.
Inc lnstre OF morocco is restored BY
vanishing it with the white OF an egg.
Apply with sponge.
A sure and safe way to remove
grease spots from silk is to rub the
spot quickly with brown paper; the
friction will soon draw out the grease.
Salt pork sprinkled with red pepper
Is excellent for sore throat.
Marble should always be washed
with ammonia and water, rather than
with soap and water.
II brooms are wetted ia hot suds
once week. they viii last much long
er, and always sweep like new
broom.
To cure felons, mix one ounce OF
Venice turpentine with one ounce OF
water. stir with a rough stick until
thick; then wrap good coating OF it
around the finger with cloth. An
other method is TO wrap the part affect
ed In linen cloth dipped in tincture
Of lobelia.
Rust can be removed from steel as
follows; Rub the article with kerosene
oil and leave it to soak for day.
Then procure fine -four OF emery and
mix with kerosene oil and scour the
surface, finishing with rotten stone.
TO preserve from rust, heat the steel
and rub parafiine on II. and when cold,
polish with cloth dipped in paraffine.
To make sealing wax for fruit cans,
take eight ounces OF resin, two ounces
gum shellac and half-ounce of bees
wax. Melt all together. This win
make quite a quantity and may be
melted for use when wanted.
To raise the pile ON plush that has
been pressed down fiat, first hold il
over some steam few moments, wrong
side down, and then run il tightly
across n hot iron. Then brush the
crushed place with stiff bristle brush.
A good furniture varnish Is made OF
two ounces white wax, one gill Of oil
Of turpentine; melt the wax. and grad
ually mix in the turpeutine.
To remove paint from cotton, silk or
woollen goods, saturate the spot with
spirits Of turpentine, and let II remain
several hours, then rub 1t be-
tween the hands. Ii will crumble away
without iniuring either the color or
texture Of the article.
10 polish marble cut the surface with
= piece OF fine sandstone, using fine
sand and water. When the whole sur
face hns been equally gone over take
piece OF felt or old hat wrapped around
weight dip II in fine emery powder
and rub the marble until all the marks
left by the former process are worked
out Afterwards finish the polish with
putty, powder and fine rags.
A cheap filter can be made by put
ting piece OF sponge'at the bottom OF a
large flower pot. and filling the pot
threc-quarters full with clean, sharp
sand and small pieces of charcoal mix
I'd in equal parts. Lay upon this mix
ture piece OF linen or woollen cloth,
so as TO hang over the side. The water
poured through this viii come out at
the bottom clean and pure. The cloth
must be kept clean, and the sand and
charcoal, as well as the sponge, washed
and occasionally changed.