davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
MISSIONS AND TIE NEGRO.
AN EARNEST PAPER BY COLONEL J. NJ
HEATING, OF MEMPHIS
GIVE THE coLoRED MAN his RIGHTS, EDUCATE
AND cHRISTIANIzE HIN - IMPERATIVE
NEED OF WORK AMONG THE POOR
WHITES OF THE SOUTH.
rBr TELEGRAPH TO THE rkrBuSE.l

Chicago. Oct 81 (SpecialL-The negro question was
again the subject of much lively discussion in the
American Missionary Association to-day. An able
paper, prepared by Colonel NJ Heating. OF Memphis
Tenn, Confederate soldier. recognized the COM
pete freedom Of the colored the all absorbing
question in the South. and said that In his experience
Acknowledgement impracticable and impossible.
suffrage was necessary TO the protection Of the negro
Deportation was also impossible and impracticable
and II these people deported II would be against
tho Interests Of the South. Deportation and dis
franchisement being impractcabe and impossible,
what Is TO be done. except TO let the alone. give
him his rights, educate and ChrIstianizc him. From
personal acquaintance with the American Missionary
Association and its work, he gave the highest tesi
mony to the usefulness Of the organization and begged
that its work be continued with redoubled vigor The
paper set forth the interesting fact that the early
pioneers of the South had taken action toward the
education of tire negro, Tennessee following the
mother State, North Carolina, in making provision
for negro education The records OF those States
showed that in the old days negroes freed and
many Of them even voted. The people Of Tennessee
had also reenacted law Of reconstruction in
curing freedom TO the common people. Coming from
southcrncr, the paper received with enthusiasm
and resolution rendering vote Of thanks to the
author and asking that the paper be printed and
distributed throughout the South was passed
The Rev. D. NJ. Fisk OF the Chicago Theological
Seminary, read a paper on Mountain Work. Down
In the mountains OF Tennessee, almost outside the
pale of civilization, was class of whites ia worse
condition than even that of the negro They
were more degraded than almost any and mission
airy work among them absolutely essential to save
them from ultimate destruction. Some work Of
Chrisianhation had been done and the results had
been promising, but further and more determined
assault the ignorance aud wickedness of these
poor people the duty OF the American Missionary
Association. c. j. Ryder, eastern district secretary
Of the association, also read paper Mount in
Work. Tho Rev. Dr. III. NJ Tcnney, Of the
mittee to whom referred the paper The
Mission View Of the Southern Situation" reported
that the ideas set forth by the secretary wholly
In accord with those OF the committee and should
meet with the sincere consideration Of the convention
The Rev. C. W Hyatt down the programme
to speak on church work, but he began his address
by talking on the alabsorbing subject OF the welfare
Of the negro. The speaker regarded the black
as q mcnace 10 civilization Until he given his
rights and all Of them. He believed with De TOcque
vile that the negro question was the vital in
this country. The conference ended tonight
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
NAvASsA RIOTERS BROUGHT IN.
TWO VESSELS WITH $50 NEGROES ON BOARD
ARRIVE IN THE CHESAeEAKE.

ARRIVE IN THE CHESAPEAKE
Baltimore Oct 81 (speciaN.-Over $50 more Of ths
negro rioters Of Navassa and witnesses OF the
there In the custody OF United States author-
ties After cruising about the lower Chesapeake for
ten days, the United states officers on the revenue
cutter Ewing early this morning sighted the brig
Alice belonging TO the phosphate company. entering
the Capes. dispatch from Fortress Monroe states
that as soon as the brig entered the Capes she was
hove-to and the Ewing steamed up to within speak
Ing distance. Deputy Marshal Cole then called to
the officers of the brig that the United States author-
ties were prepared take charge Of the negroes who
had been violating the United states law by mutiny
ard murder an island under the jurisdiction OF this
Government United States Commissioner Bond,
Deputy Marshal Cole DistrictAttorney Hayes and
Charles H. Roby. an officer Of the Navassa Company
and survivor of the MASSACRE then entered launch
manned by ten of the Ewings crew. armed with
revolvers and in command OF Lieutenant De Hart
They were soon transferred TO tho brig. the officers OF
which reported that they had no trouble with tho
negroes the voyage. The negroes, by ORDER OF
the United States Commissioner, were then drawn up
I'm line on deck and Mr.. Roby picked out those whom
he remembered as being implicated in the riot Those
not arrested for rfotng are held witnesses. and
soon as brig arrives at this port all viii be trans
ferred the city jail, where the rngeaders OF tho
mutlny who were brought by the United States ship
Galona are now confined
The brig Romance the consort Of the Alice. which
has 100 more of tho negroes board, passed In the
Canes at noon. Both briggs left Navsssa about the
same time but separated during severe storm
about six days ago. , -, 4,
Commissioner Bond placed Deputy Marshal Cole In
charge of the prisoners the brig Alice. and me
cutter then steamed the Romance, on which vessel
the same formula Of placing the rioters under arrest
was gone through WITH and both vessels accompanies
bv the revenue cutter now coming up the Day
and will arrive tomorrow morning.
The Alice also has the crew. except the mate; VINO
was lost overheard OF the schooner Tom Williams,
from Fernandipa for New York, which was wrecked
atring the late storm Tho were four DAYS In
open boats without food
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
YEw-MExIco's PROGRESS AND NEEDS.

Washington. Oct. 31.-L. Bradford Prince the Gov
srnor Of Sew-Me8ico. in his annual report 70 the
Secretary Of rhe Interior. calls special attention
the subject of land titles in that Territory. The
Governor briefly reviews the history OF Congress sion
action In the matter. and summarizes the needs of
the people follows First Limitation Of the time
within which grants be presented; and. secondly,
tribunal exclusively for the hearing OF these claims
ana settlement Of these titles
In discussing the subject OF Statehood the Governor
says: @New-Mexico was a much older Territory than
either Of those admitted; It's population largely e1-
esedsd that Of Montana or Washington; 1t had a
spsoal night 10 self government under the Treaty
VI easdsloupe Hidalgo: II had failed admission in
~ only by accident; its resources were both
Ser and more varied. and fits population was
e' s'seted for safe and conservative self-gover1-
sH'' hss that Of other sections of the West. This
" @oant her has forced us TO recognize that
" prejudice In the older States against New
,, Ahe Governor at some length the
:, 49, m 4e ny persons opposed TO the admission
- ,' lending to show that she Is not
sF" io' statehood. The population OF the
,"ol - estimated al 10000, as against 1874 14I
.,...' anu 1iS'Sos in 1880 The total assessed
e. zoo , 80. property Of the Territory in 1897
"es S4''4oI'$os In 1855. s45 600 7a3.
Upon the subject of wa,sr s,,nnIv and ,rric.s,on
much u.e business OF 81 o o aeoi cs@, - 9
49, .he inneDse aess, largely OF pubic land.
tmpsov. ~. .y~ Useless for cuilvafion as ia to
s h,n ocaned By covrtesyj OF Inc Centrai satess
regard 9 ~ LOT extensive Government aid In shis
eco de. One company Z noe cnnsPriss nus nor
vo.rs are a". ~hich with their Intervening teser
. sae Set%een 300 20 eSss about q 600 and
kas Lsr us%sss OF cattle raising. tiIe report saws
depressed oondatioR shrouzhsut tls
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
MEMORIES or THE CENTENNIAL
RECEPTION TO GENERAL DUTTEEFIELD-
PLEASANT WORDS FOR HIM

n
PLEASANT WORDS FOR HIM.
Pleasant memories OF the Centennial Celebration Of
last spring revived the Cafe savarn yesterday
afternoon al the reception given TO General Daniel
But,erfeld grand marshal Of the civic and industrial
parade of May ], by the msrshals and aides Of the
parade. The occasion was made the interesting
by the fact that It the first time that most of
those present had met General Butterfcld since his
return from Europe soon after O'Clock Joseph +.
DAILY, chairman OF the Reception Committee, in short
speech told tho object OF the gathering. He referred
said that ri General Butterfeld due the chief
credit for the design and copsummadon Of the civic
parade.
General Bntter1cd responded briefly in happy
vein thanking his entertainers for the unexpected
recognition of his services In connection with the
parade. He said that the credit chiefly due TO the
work Of HIS associates, who had labored hard and
earnestly in making the parade truly representative
oil tho great industries Of the city The General then
spoke of his trip abroad. especially his visit TO the
Paris Exposition. This ended the speechmafng and
then The General shook hands with his friends and
thanked them individually for HIS reception
The Reception Committee consisted Of Joseph F.
DAILY, General Paul A. Oliver James Goodwin. Cornelius
b. Mitchell. Captain Charles p Roc, Robert Rutter.
John J. Tucker, General Henry z. Tremain Captain
Ambrose Snow, Warren N Goddard, Charles Htisclt,
General David Morrison, Henry Gleason. George 4.
Seabury Andrew Carnegie, Emil schaefer, Henry
Knckerbacker the Rev. George L. shearer, Richard
l.. Raleigh and Lawrence Turnure. 1r. On the En-
terainment Committee were Rufus Martin j. Iurnbun
Smith, stephen VI. Wright. Nathaniel Mckay, William
IL Bsse Louis Contencin, Rufus Delafeld and Cen
era Alexander p Ketcham. Among the other invited
Noah Davis, c. L. Tiffany. c. c. shayne, General Ira
~, Hedges Acting President Drlsler, of Columbia
College; Judge Nehrbas, Henry Clausen, 1r., ex-
Senator Warner Miller Judge Gilderseeve, Jesse Selig
man, August Belmont, jr. and John f. Plummer.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
COURT CALENDARS FOR TO-DAY.

Supreme COuFt-Cenera Term.-fteceSs continued
Supreme Court-Chambers-Eefor Andrews. J.-Moton
calondar Nos / 70 AZ, called at II o'clock
Supreme CourtSpecIa Tern-Part I-Adlourne1 for the
term.
renee. Case On-Rlchards Moore. No calendar.
Supreme Court-CiFcuit-Part before O'Bren. j.
Supreme Court-Circult-Parts II and III.-Adiourned
for the term =. ~ w., NJ. ~, q,
sVrrogate's Court-Before Ransom. S-wls OF Joseph
Gall 10 a. Josephine Sanger, D. m No probate
Superior Court-specia Term-Before Dugro. J.-Mo-
~ Snnarior Court-EQuity Term-Before Truax J.-Hine
vs. Manhattan Railway Company .
Superior Court-Trial Term-Parts l. III and I11.-Ad-
Common Pieas-General Term-Adjourned untn Novem.
Der 4. ~ m w., An. ~,
10. Is. 49,. vi, ..,o,-.o,
" Common Pleas-Tral Term-Part I-Before Iarremore.
c. J-Case On-COnnoly VS. Gesenhemer. No calendar.
Common Peas-Trial Term-rart II-Before Bookstaver.
Lease on Algie Larned. No day calendar
Court-[seneral Term Adjourned for the term.
City COurt-Special Term-Before McAdam, C. j. Mo-
CITY Court-Tria Term-Parts II and I1IAdiourned
" CITY CouTt-Tria Tem-Part Iv-Before McAdam. c. J.
Eenrt Of General Sessions-Parts and III-Adiourned
" Court Of General Sesslons-Part H-Before Recorder
Attorney Macdona for the peope-No. David Harfed,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
4 STRINGENT Ayr1.sALOOy LAW.

st. Louis, Oct. 81 (speciaD-The most radical law
ever enacted against saloons In Missouri
will go into effect tomorrow, and, II
honestly enforced, Will go far toward
destroying their attracvemess. The law Is popularity
known as the Newberry Law, ard since its passage
has provoked storm of criticism from the saloon
Keepers and widespread Endorsement from the pulpit
The law In substance prohibits dice, cards, chairs
or tables in saloons: pianos, bantos and musical IT.
strllments OF all kinds also prohibited Singing
in saloon will be mSdemeanor PooEtableS
hir'ard-fables and bowlng-alleys must go, and all
games of chance for drtnbs or fun conducted IN
saloon Will be msdemeanor Sparring ana wires tiIng
are nrohbted and a license can be revoked upon con
yictlon for any violation.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
REFUSING TO BURN H1GH.PRrcED GAS.

Jamestown, N. Y, Oct. 81 (specal).-when the
Pennsylvania Gas Company announced an advance In
the price Of natural gas TO take effect November /.
feeling Of indignation was aroused among the people
Of Jamestown Erie, Warren and Cory, all supplied
with gas by this company. Meetings were held and
all organization perfected and powers OF attorney have
been circulated among the people authorizing COM
mttee 10 ord r the gas company t. shut off gas from the
ssncrs houses unless the old rates were maintained.
To-day the committee called al the Office Of the gas
company this city and ordered the shut off from
2250 stoves Thirteen hundred burners were ordered
of In Cory and large number In the othsr places
named Wood and coal being laid In for winter
aud the people prepared never to burn gas a, tho
vanced rates
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01

The total amount asked for by the different depart
mens for 1890 was s30y6s3.63s.
The apparent increase over 1850 is caused mainly
by the increased demand for State which item
the Mayor and the municipal authorities mean y
fight The totals are stu likely % be more or ~
changed when the final revision takes pae" "
December ,,.,,..,,v th.
trictAttomcy Fellows took phlosorhicaalH e ens
decision of the Board of Estimate and A1porySinnh.
allowing him $4,000 less for deputy assistants s ros3
received last year He said tia, he S,' 10 announces
a. ra,nee ~ The deputy assistants who xooa nor
retained in Office fes5s are &c c ssA to ssoo II %
rec sp saSS q the last deputy
have been the prosecuheen engaged in prosecuting
500 assts psiriet Davis h sss m n
charge Of the electro not been assigned 70 regular
dufy
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
WANTED IN MEMPHIS

o.-~~aut Muivey of the Central ONCE. -
Detec~ve-Ss,,h A cotton broker, al Broadway and
rested T. an wednesday night M the request Of tn
rSr' % Police of Memphis Tenn The charge against
Chief ,nstt Of O. 500 from Hubbard. Price Co.. Of
him Sr,nbI. Cotton Exchange The prisoner had for
nsns been la the employ Of Henry clsss ne banker.
80, A work for HIM. Smith claims that thu charge
,n.s him was because he lsft the house Of Hub
sa "a Price Co and went 70 q rval house. which,
through him secured the customers OF his former en-
Movers He says he will 60 back TO Memphis and hghs
tho cass ont In the Jefferson Market Police Co
DAY 10 yss AsA 70 swslt ne arrival q reQuatDa SapssA
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
DANGEROUS TO APPROACH WITH MATCHES.

Chicago Oct. 31.-Henry Koppcs was arraigned In
the Insane Court this morning One OF his delusions
Is that he is full Of bomtshells and powder and may
al any time explode. The Judge heard tho witnesses
and then, turning TO the patient said:
Henry you insane''
al am not sir" promptly responded the man.
what is the matter with you, then?'
alt Is a sad story, your Honor but will tell you
Ny enemies have filed me with explosives, bomb
shells you know. and I may blow up at any time
But the worst OF IL Is, the people won't be careful
they Will burn matches around whore am, when
they know / might explode
The jury found him insane, and sent him 10 Kanka-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
TO PROSECUTE POLITICAL ASSESSORS.

Washington. Oct. 31.-CommissOner Roosevelt said
to-day that Ae heartily concurred in what Commits
sioner Thompson had said with regard TO the pro
posed prosecution Of all persons connected with the
recent Old Dominion Republican League political
assessment circular The evidence before the Com
mission Mr. Roosevelt said. In his opinion fully
rented the presentation Of tho matter the courts
AS soon as all the testimony could be obaned the
case would be laid before the District Attorney. As
TO the action Of the League in appointing commit
fee TO visit the Departments tomorrow 10 collect
political contributions Mr.. Roosevelt said that he
warned all concerned that the Commission would
in soliciting. receiving giving political contribu
tons
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
THE COURT OF APPEALS.

Albany, Oct. 31.-In the Court OF Appeals to-
day the following argued:
Alexander Mclean, administrator etc, respondent,
agt. the Schuyler Steam Towboat Line, appellant
Annis Hannekel, administrators, etc. respondent,
the Parrot Silves and Copper Company, appellant
Margaret Buckley almini rattx, etc, respondent
agt. the Fort Henry Ison ore Company, appellant
In the second Division the following were
argued:
Isabella K Arnold and another appellants, George
A.. Green respondent.
Put.fck Mcdonald respondent ogt the Long Island
Railroad Company, appellant.
Isaac Strauss, respondent agt William Heyenga, APP
pelant.
Francis W. Pettngn, respondent, agt. the City Of
yonkers, appellant
Barnett and anotheN respondents
Following the day calendars Of the Court Of APP
pals for November i First Divison-Nos 9, 10, 102,
iO3 and 105. Second Dlvsion-Nos. $50, 593 and 594
The cOuE will take until NOveHn-
Der 25.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
GENERAL CROOK ON ARMY DESERTIoNS,
URGING THE ENLISTMENT OF BETTER CLASS
OF REcRuIrs-oKLAHoMA.

OF RECRUITS-OKLAHOMA.
Washington, Oct. 31-Major-General George Crook
commanding the Division of the Missouri has sub
mitted his annual report to the secretary OF war
The subject of assertions receives prominent at
tnton. The General says The number OF de-
serters has increased rapidly Of late years and the
remedies therefor which have been adopted have
proved so entirely useless TO prevent the onence.
that think 1t may well be said desertion is now the
greatest evil existing in the Army. Many remedies
have been proposed. and many causes assigned.
Among these causes, the most frequently auesei
Is, that the solder is required to perform TOO much
manual labor, and that he is subjected ~ marsh
and tyrannical treatment by hi; officers ann nom
commissioned officers. careful examination OF The
subject leads to the opinion that this statement
Is true only TO a limited extent.
al feel much hesitation IN proposing remedy.
II seems 10 me not Inappropriate, however 10 sug'
gcst that remedy, at least. mitigation OF the
evil, may be found IN change OF the methoo OF
recruiting the army. ! am of the opinion Ihat II
means could be adopted by which we couid
obtain for service In the Army class OF icorui's
whose family connections and local associations are
known, should thereby reduce largely me hioer
Of such deseftioDS. Again. ] am decldeuI ". sic
opinion that II a soldier could, after q raey.aole
by payment Of the amount which his emu lsu ~
and service had cost the Government lnna II
would 60 far also towards preventing ms
In this connection, ! would sugssst 'ne p''''''
Referring 10 the conduct OF the cincn ST. IT,,
during the recent opening OF the ohIahoee. ,o,an,
tory, General Crook says: The orderly ST., at
of that district by citizens Is without paIal0,
the behavior Of officers and men under the SS ,i
circumstances attending the discharge OF their u'es
IS worthy OF the greatest consideration"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
ADMIRAL WALKER COMING TO NETWORK To
DAY.

Washington Oct. 31.-Rear Admiral walker VIII
leave Washington for New-York Tomorrow ai'er-
noon, and will 90 at TO his quarters on inc
Chicago the flagship OF the new Squadron Oh ENo
lutions Commodore Francis NJ. Ramsay VINO sue
ceeds Admiral Walker as ChIef Of the Burfau OF NaV'
CATION will take charge of the office tomorrow iho
nersonncl of the Bureau will be greatly changed, as
Admiral Walker has drawn upon II rather hea'hy iof
oficerng his squadron. Al D. m. to-oay " a id
vftation of the Secretary of the Navy. the officials anu
en- moves OF uIe Department gathered In his rOOlh'
where they formally babe farewell 10 Admiral walker
and welcomed Commodore RAMSAY.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
VOTE FOR ". ". HOAG.

Citizens Of the XIth Assembly District who OPP
posed 10 the ruin of Central Park should vote for
William Nicholas Hoag the Republican candidate for
Assembly Ills Democratic opponent, George De
Forest Baldwin, declines to say which side Of the
question be IS on because ne might lose votes"
Besides Mr.. Hoag is sterling young advocate Of ballot
reform. Vote for Mr. Hoag for the Assembly from the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
THE COURTS.
CASES IN THE SUPREME COURT.

Washington, Oct 31.-The proceedings in the
Supreme Court OF the United States to-day were as
follows
No 11zO-Patrick c. Boylan, plaintiff in error,
agt. the Hot Springs Railroad Company. submitted
pursuant 10 the 10th rule.
No 47.-Lewis W. Smith, plaintiff IN error, aGt
Richard j. Bollcs. Argued
No 48-Chauncey r. Watson, appellant, agt the
Cincinnati, indianapolis st. Louis and Chicago Rail-
road Company. Argued.
No 49.-The Hastings and Dakota Railroad Com
pany. plaintiff In error agt Julia ID. Whitney, ct al
Argued.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
THE pAKoTAs LIKELY TO BE ADMITTED TO-DAY

Washington, Oct. 31-It is expected that the procia
nation by President Harrison, admitting inc TWO
Dakotas into the Union as states, VIII be issued "
morrow Tho proclamation admitting Montana l.
DELAYED by the controversy In the Territorial courts
over the counting Of portion Of the vote. Wmch
prevents certiflcaton of the result 1t Is SAID tha
nothing has vet been received at the White House
rSicafing that an election held in Washington so
thar there Is no Information which 10 base a
proclamation Of Statehood.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01

been detached from the Naval Ordnance Proving Ground
November 4. and IL ordered to report the Com
mandant OF the Navy Yard December 10 for duty the
Charleston. Ensign r. B. Dashie granted leave
of absence for month from October 81. Naval Cadet
II. E. McReavy recently tried by courtmnr;irl for hsrng
and found guilty, has been dismissed from the Naval
Academy
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
COMMODORE RAmsAY's PExxAxr COMES powS

Commodore Ramsay's blue penDant, which
first hoisted the Vermont In
February last when the Commodore
was made commandment OF tho station, was hauled
down yesterday morning with a salute OF eleven guns
The Commodore rolnauished command OF the yard ana
turned 1t over TO Captain j. N. Miller. who has oeen
executive officer there for many months ano
Commodore Ramsay VIII take up the duties o.
Rear Admiral John G. WALKER, who haa ocon ." ~
eight years. Commodore Ramsay wiz ren'o'S Rear
family and furniture " Washington a. one .ssn
Admiral Braine will probsbiy get his orasrs - oS
mandant 81 ~ station In gay OF iva
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1889-11-01
THE BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING

THE BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PkINIlNU
Vaccination Oct 31.-Willian Meredith. Chief Of
,ha Rureau NJ Engraving and Printing has made a
report to the Secretary of the Treasury showing that
during the fiscal year 1859 there were completed
and delivered 92o1 21 sheets OF United States notes.
gold and silver certificates bonds and National bank
notes. With face value of $615.7os.s6o 2s'9o2'o''
sheets of internal revenue and customs stamps con-
tanning T5s 6O3 800 stamps 1oo3'ss sheets OF drats
Checks certificates licenses er., besides the large
amount of sundry other work the various depart
ments of the Government. The total expenses of
the Bureau during the year were 1882 ST. nearly all
Of which was for salaries and plate printing There
remained Inexpended of the appr0priatOls Tor the
year S4I s72, which amount. has been returned 10
The Treasury The report makes no rccommenca
lions. does it make any estimates Tor next Year
appropriations.