Los Angeles daily herald., 1889-02-18


June. Subsequent applications act only
in SO far as they serve to check the
spread of the disease. The amount Of
the fluid compounds required to treat
an acre of vines will depend largely upon
the kind OF pump and spraying nozzle
used to apply them, and upon the extent
Of growth of the vines themselves; the
amount may vary from twenty to thirty
five gallons.
The following are the formule of the
remedies which 80 far have given the
best results. An account of the results
of trials you may make with one OF
more of them is earnestly desired, and 9
blank form for making up q report for
the use of the Department in future
publications will be sent you upon the
receipt of the addressed postal card en-.
closed herewith.
LIQUID REMEDIES.
l. Simple solution of sulphate of cop
per.-Dissolve pound of pure sulphate
Of copper in 25 gallons of water. Spray
the vines with o convenient force-pump.
having q nozzle of fine aperture. Lest
easily washed off by rains.
2. Eau celeste, blue water (the eau
doynaud process ).-Dissolve l pound
of sulphate of copper in or gallonl
of warm water; when completely dis
solved and the water has cooled, add
pint of commercial ammonia then dilute
to % gallons. The concentrated liquiC
should be kept in keg or some wooder
vessel, and diluted when required fol
use. Apply the same as in the case o
simple solution.
The effects obtained by this prepara
ton have been equal to those resulting
from the use of the copper mixture O
Gironde, and are said to be even more
lasting.
8. Copper mixture of Gironde, Bor
deaux Mixture-Dissolve 16 pounds o
sulphate of copper in % gallons of wa
ter in another vessel slake 80 pounds O.
lime in gallons of water. When the
latter mixture has cooled, it is slowly
poured into the copper solution, care be-
ing taken to mix the fluids thoroughly by
constant stirring. 1t is we'll to have this
compound prepared some days before il
is required for use. 1t should be well
stirred before applying. Some have re-
duced the Ingredients to 2 pounds of sui.
phate of copper and pounds of lime tc
20 gallons of water, and have obtained
good results.
Well made pumps with specially con-
structed nozzles are required for the ap.
plication of this compound, unless we
resort to the tedious and wasteful meth.
cd of using brooms or wisps made oi
slender twigs, which are dipped into the
compound, and then switched right and
left 80 as to spray the foliage, as directed
in our circular of last season. The Yer.
morel apparatus including reservoir,
pump and spraying nozzle, is we'll adapt
ed for vineyard use, and is specially con-
structed for apply the various liquid pre-.
parations containing sulphate Of copper.
POWDERS.
4. David's powder - Dissolved 4
pounds of sulphate of copper in the least
possible amount of hot water, and slake
16 pounds of lime with the smallest quan.
tity of water required. When the copper
solution and the slaked lime are thor.
oughly cooled, mix them together thor
oughly; let the compound dry in the sun
crush and sift. Apply with sulphuring
bellows furnished with an outside recep
tacle for the powder. The copper coming
in contact with the leather will soon de
stroy it.
5. Sulphatine - Mix 21a pounds o
anhydrous sulphate of copper with II
pounds of triturated sulphur and II
pounds of air-slaked lime. Apply in the
same manner as No. 4.
Both of these powders (Nos. A and s.
ought to be procured from the manufac.
turor, prepared ready for use.
[NoTE-lt is very probable that Nos. 2
8, 4 and will be found equally service
able in preventing potato "blight" and
''rot." No. should be used when one
has to contend with both the powdery ans
the downy mildews. For apple scab we
suggest trials with Nos. and 81
The degree of success attending the
use of these compounds will depenC
more or less (1) upon their careful prop
aration, (2) the time of the application
(3) the more or less intelligent manner
in which they are applied, (A the atmos.
pheric conditions existing at tho time OF
which may follow the applications, (5,
the number of treatments made, and (6)
the purity of the copper used.
In all cases where these remedies are
tried, number of plants or vines should
be left untreated to serve as control ex-
periments" for comparison with those
treated. NORMAN J. COLEMAN,
Commissioner of Agriculture.
Washington, d. c., April, 1887.
The request that those trying any of
the proposed remedies should report to
the Department the character of the ex-
periments made and the results obtained
met with a generous response, nearly 200
reports being received. The substance
of the reports will appear in the bulletin
above referred to. A considerable diver
sity exists in the results obtained, which,
fof the most part, may be accounted for
by the diversity in the manner of making
the applications, and especially by the
varying climatic conditions in the differ
ent regions where the trials were made.
In the hands of many the simple solu-
ton, eau celeste, and the Bordeaux mix
ture gave excellent results for mildew,
and quite a number claimed that one or
the other of these preparations served to
check the black-rot.
In almost all cases where the RENE.
dies were tried, one or both of the dis
eases (black-rot and downy mildew) had
already appeared at the time of the first
applications. Understanding as we now
DO, the habits of the fungi causing these
We know that our only hope is
in the employment of preventive meas
1res. If the sulphate of copper COM
pounds are employed they must be used
n season to act as preventives. We
must cover the foliage and other parts of
;he vine subject to attack with prepar-
ltion which, upon drying, will adhere
or considerable time and prevent the