Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1889-11-15
AGRICULTURAL.
L arm and Garden.

pruning, watering. etc.
An expert says that if butter Be broken
when cold the broken parts should rcsem-
ble-the broken parts Of east-iron or
steel. and also The same of rock rorma.
tions.
Considering its cost sawdust is an excel
lent material for bedding and as an absorb
cnt. It possesses but little manurial value,
but viii answer well on the stable floors.
The rich black liquid that flows off from
the barnyard contains the wealth Of the
farm. Use absorbent materials, and save
it. The loss Of liquid manure is great, and
if saved would not only add fcrtilizing
matter TO the farm but increase the value
of the solids.
Soapsuds ON the manure heap j. bene-
fetal. The suds not only add the
soda and other elements Of the soap
Of the soap to the heap, but also induce
chemical changes, during which process
the ammonia il to certain extent pre-
vented from escaping. The alkaline mat
ter also largely assists in rendering some
of the solids soluble. and reduces them to a
finer condition.
Simply washing the dairy utensils is not
sufficient. They must be sealded, washed
in warm water (using soda in the water)
scrubbed aud then rinscd. a single parti-
cle of matter adhering to milk pan may
serve a. a ferment to iniure tho milk Ey-
EN- the hands should be washed before
handling the vessels, and every precaution
taken to observe cleanliness.
Stands should he made ready for the
tender plants that are to he kept in the
house over winter Geraniums, colens.
and other plants must he potted without
delay. The roots of dahlias should be
where the frost will not reach them. a. al
50 those of cannas aud the bulbs Of gladio-
lus. The roots of hardy roses left in the
ground should be well covered with earth
by banking arouad them
Cut straw as bedding for sheep keeps
the dirt ont of the wool, and affords dry
place for the sheep at night. The shed in
which sheep remain at night should be fre-
quently cleaned in order to avoid accum-
lations Of droppings As the fall rains ap-
proach and the weather remains damp,
sheep easily take cold, which is accompan-
led with discharges at the nostrls. Dry
shelter and bedding will greatly assist in
warding off this difficulty.
1t is sometimes recommended that ladies
should devote their attention To poultry
raising. This is impossible except with q
small flock. To keep hens in large mum
bers requires labor that cannot be per-
formed by ladies. There is not only heavy
work to do in cleaning the houses and
yards, but exposure to all kinds of weather
must be endured To throw down mess
OF corn to few hens once or twice day
is an easy matter, but it is very different
when poultry keeping is made special
business.
The amount of butter and milk produced
by COW should be measured by its
cost. II is true that high feeding il neces-
sary to induce large yields, but the fact
remains that some COWS viii give better
results on n certain amount of food than
will others. A careful account of the food
allowed each animal will show which cow
is the more profitable. The proportion OF
cost to receipts alone can determine the
actual profit made. and in many cases it
happens that COW may yield largely and
yet be not as valuable rs another not 50
productive, but which yields more in pro
portion 10 expenses entailed
TINE AND MANNER or FERTILIzISG.-
The matter of applying manure is one that
is more difficult for the farmer Ia deter
mine than many others, rs he must con-
slider the condition Of the manure, the kind
of soil and the nature of the crops to be
grown on the land next season. Above
all is the question of the economy of haul
ing and spreading the manure. Then,
again, there is the liability Of loss Of ma
nure after it is spread on the land, and al
so the liability Of loss when the heap Is
left until spring befoIe the materials are
spread.
If the soil is underlaid with heavy clay
there is but little liability of loss of fertiI-
izing elements IL the manure is spread Mt
any time, provided the land is not subject
to being washed" There is At least one
advantage in applying manure in the fall,
which is that teams are not busy, and the
hauling can be done with but little addi-
tional expense. One mistake made in ap
plying manure il that il is left on the sur
face. While il is considered by some
to plow the manure under,
yet il win greatly prevent loss if the land
is FIRST plowed, the manure spread and the
cultivator run over the field. by no doing
the manure is Incorporated with the soil
near the surface, the soluble portions not
carried off, and the frost given an opportu
hity of disintegrating it, Whether the fall
application is better than hauling out the
i'll the spring can only be detcrmin
ed ON each farm by the farmer
but much depends on how the manure il
kept in the heap. On light, sandy soils.
Of the soluble matter win be
carried down by the heavy rains and melt
ing SHOWS which renders fall manuring Of
no advantage, sut if the manure be applied
1ur,n,, Tho ,.,ut.r ~ thass. aa.ttaux xvhara
a few days plowing can be done at that
season the manure may be hauled and har-
rowed into the soil without danger Of great
loss.
III heap Il in the barn yard, and expos
ID to teaching. greater loss win result
han If the manure is hauled TO the fields,
Is IL Is better to have the rains dissolve IL
n the fields than in the heap only 10 dow
.way If the manure is fine. and does not
contain large pieces of stalks or coarse
litter, il can be easily be mixed with the
loil by going over the ground with culti-
1ator or harrow, but the manure will suf-
cr less loss if spread ON plowed ground
han when scattered on hard soil, the un-
,lowed ground allowing the water to carry
,if the soluble portions. III the farmer can
nave his manure well decomposed by
'pring, and in very fine condition, 1t
yill pay him TO apply il in the spring, pro-
.ided his teams are not busy at that time
With other work.
Mr. Ialscr tAnrrily)--No, indeed, Ill
leyer allow daughter Of mine to marry
Fed Lardiy. The young idiot hasn't any
- II AZ. nl.nr f.,ninNIrA-I