Telegram-herald., 1889-06-06

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rug SINGLE CAT
But ws can't all begin that way, and We
wouldn't want 20 II we could, saws The Detroit
News. \ good way 10 learn % sail is 10 go
along with some one who knows how, % obey
bis orders promptly, and then, by observa-
tion, study and inquiry, find out why at one
time you had 70 haul In on d line and az an
other % slack up on II. This can be done on
large yacht. IL you have access 20 one, OF on
a small siilboat, tho principles in handling
one are precisely the same as in handling the
other; and II you once master tho ideas-the
reasons why-you can apply them 10 fore
and aft riSgcd vessel OF any size But il is
not wise thing for any one 10 attempt 10
handle ever 50 small craft under sail with
neither any experience nor any idea Of the
forces he has 10 contend with.
II is doing this which causes the occasional
accidents on river and lake.
The various rigs in common uss on fresh
water are:
The single cat.
Double cat
Sloop.
Cutter.
YawL
Schooner
The single cat nas only one mast and one
sail, and, because Of the simplicity Of rig, is
the best one for a beginner TO start in with.
IL has a centerboard lor q standing keel, as
should overy boat propelled by sails, because
without either Of these it is practically i'm
possible 10 beat TO windward.
IL boat were made perfectly round like q
tub, and had no center board, ic would only
90 in ono direction, namely: before the wind,
or in the direction towards which the wind is
blowing A sail boat cannot be made to 60
directly against the wind, but it is the
province OF the designer, the builder, the sail
maker and the sailing master TO make it go
as near the wind "a possible.
Within four points of the compass Is the
practical limit, though the Volunteer, the
most weatherly yacht in the world. points in
smooth water As high as three and half.
To get back to the cat boat The mast is
stepped very close 70 the stem, and according
To the size the sail may Dc stretched by means
OF a spirit leading up TO the upper and outer
corncr-the Peak-or by means Of gaf 20
hoist and lower. The tyro who essays TO sail
tho cat boat should steer and hold the sheet
rope in his hand; If he has companion, let
him act O. )allast-
Safety Is tho first consideration, and the
beginners should lesrn 70 keep boat on her
bottom first and to get fast time out OF her
Afterwards
So much for tho cat boat, tho sailing of
which is almost simplicity itself.
Then comes the double cat, tho next
simplest rig. IN this rig there are two masts
and two sails, each rigged like the sail in the
single cat. Tho foresail Is generally larger
than tho mainsail IA misnomer in this case)
and is the principal driving sail Here there
are two forces at work, ono in the fore and
tho other in tho after body Of the boat 1t
oomplicates things somewhat, but gives the
young sailor better control OF the boat II
toe fore sheet is hauled in close and the main
s1eet Stacked of tho head Of the boat will
ray of from the wind: and if the main sheet
i- hauled in fat and the fore sheet Stacked of,
the head OF the boat will be thrown up
towards the wind. and, with the helm down,
she viii 20 In stays, n maneuver which will
10 described in speaking Of tho sloop.
Getting towards larger boats, the double
cat IS safer than tho single cat They should
have two rigs, and the beginner should al
vavs sail the boat with the small rig. no
matter how light the wind or pleasant the
weather In this, as in tho single cat, tho
sheets should never be made fast.
The sloop. when modified with the double
head canvas OK the cutter AS Is the case with
tbe modern compromise sloop cutter), makes
toe most effective racing rig.
In speaks. of the sloop, only ono head sail
viii b. considered. This is properly called
the jib. though sometimes ulisnamed the
staysal Here first comes into notice tie
bowsprit. Tor which there IL no uss on the
single OF double cat. It's purpose Is 10 extend
the Ib far enough outboard forward 70 bal
snco the nsinsail, which extends outboard
at
In small sloops the jib sheets should always
extend ar - as 70 maze the boat. II deSira-
hlo. = single handler. For proper handling,
however, sloop should have crew q at
least four men-one 70 steer. ono to tend
main sheet. one 20 trim jib sheets and another
e work forxaTd clearing up.
VOW As 70 HASDLrSs rHs sLooP
n von ars wing a. anchor IN place where
there Is no current. make IN your ulainssll.
heavs your anchor short that u. 80 that the
chain or rops holding it is up and down.
Make I'd your uird which wsY ron want -
''caS+. that =. on which side Tou want The
yacht - a. away Don't leave Il - chance
or - lsck. but choose sides and u1ase iF co--le
your way. II Tou conciude - cast - port-
thar Wi ~ taking the wind on the starboard
s;dse-uut your heirn q scsrhoar3. catch 4
tsr-n youreelf with the stsrboard weather
iib sh-et. hsv- ,ae nlsn stand really 70 run
Up the ;ib. another so break the anchor or
f-r ~eri snd asve the rain sheet man push
tno main hocrl ever - port
THIS vii throw he s*srn z IA hoat ID 70
The Wind Somewhat, then brssk anchor eud
up Hh
As ~oon - sse psTs - and 6ils away tr;sn
T0r - tC leevs-e PIT s-fsa ncw1 ~ sr-ne
= 7ssr cencsrhoari down snd <oH ~ r.sdr
fsr tie risassnt-sr = az sslis-sie<A = ~ini-
ward
Xsu A. nc~ q 80 stsrbc.ri ssck. sis
trinirlei e. port ifsssnY vachssrsen who ouzht
2, xncw better rat this rrire5 1ra and are
csose haulei- r IRE w1nd Is dom fh- river
ard yca are beating I'D. yau q as closc -