Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1889-06-15
BERKELEY INSTITUTE.

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order at7 clock, after singing the hymn,
ssDennis, !, Rev. Hoffheins offered prayer.
Arithmetic was the first subject and was
considered under the Shead ofcounting
by simple objects; by groups of objects,
representing number of objects by fgur-
es: addition and subtraction by use of
objects, representing the addition and
subtraction of the objects by figures and
frations-common and decimal. Many
important points were brought odt. dis
cussed and adopted. After recess sing
| ing. Writing was chosen as the subject
for discussion. How and when to begin
to teach writing, writing material for
primary pupils, how to use the slate.
blackboard and chart in teaching writing,
should primary reading and writing be
taught at the same time. 1t is consider
ed to be the best plan to begin to teach
writing from the first day the pupil en-
tiers school. Begin with writing on the
slate, then change to paper, first using
the lead pencil, then pen and ink. Pu-
pills will need slate. paper, ruler, and
rubber. By all means teach writing on
the board. Don't let them do all their
writing ON the slate or paper, but let
them write on the black board occasion
ally. Criticise pleasantly, pointing out
(! imperfections and praise where the writ
| ing is perfect. Primary reading and
writing should be taught together. The
afternoon session was begun with sing
| ing. Query box was then opened and
sundry questions taken therefrom, read
and answered. A graded course of study
mapped out. a four-year course for use
in the county schools were now submit.
ted by Mr. Dodd for approval and adop-
ton. The above is an eight-year course
adapted TO an eight-month school and is
completed by graduating the pupil, Civ
ing him diploma. After debate on the
subject of adoption. upon motion of /. w.
Wood that outlined course lay over till
tomorrow FRIDAY for further considera-
ton. Motion carried. Next subject,
Physiology and Hygiene was taken up
by Prof. Fleming, blackboard diagram
Of bones of the human skeleton by divid-
ing the bones into three classes, bones of
the head, trunk and limbs. Valuable
suggestions on teaching this branch were
brought out which are too extended to
be reproduced ON account of the restrict
ed space allotted to these notes. Adjourn
ed at pm.
9th day. Institute was opened this
morning by singing the old familiar
tunes of Pleyel and Old Hundred, pray
er by Rev. Trump. Roll call 70 on the
roll. Teachers then engaged in singing
school songs from DeGraff S Song Bud
get. This is collection of pleasing
songs for school children. We may ex-
pect to hear from the teachers liz this
line our coming term. Query box was
now opened and some tough questions
taken out, sprung on the teachers and
answered in lively manner. The value
of Educational Journals was the next
subject. 1t is important to live teacher
to subscribe for a live journal. The
value of good Educational Journal to
the teacher and the pupil is of inestima-
BILE value. There is nothing by which
| we can keep abreast of times in educa.
ton than by reading good school jour-
| nal. There we have chance at our
leisure to examine new methods and
| from which we can select what is best
and most suitable to our schools. Every
teacher should take some educational
paper. They are all good and deserving
of our support. Take as many as you
can, and If you cannot take the many, at
least take one. Adjourned for noon.
The institute was called to order at p.
m. with the usual opening services.
School government was the subject taken
| up. Prof. Fleming made Just such an
address as all teachers like to hear, and
from which we could not fail to get
valuable suggestions. This subject was
considered under the heads of the teach
er's right to govern the school. What
are the means of securing good school
government ? What punishments are
proper to be used by the teacher ? What
use should the teacher make of corporal
punishment ? What use to be made OF
maxims and special rules? What is the
extent of the teacher S authority ? Every
one can see what vast scope such a
subject as this comprises. Being one of
the most important Go d teacher Is success.
We would like to give some of the argu-
ment in detail but the restricted space OF
these notes will not permit. The main
object of punishment should be the bet.
tering of the child. The severity of the
punishment in proportion to the nature
of the child, the sense in which the Of
Tense was committed, and the nature and
motive of the offence. The course OF
study recommended by Supt. Dodd,
which was laid over for consideration
yesterday was taken up. On motion OF
Mr.. @ w. Foltz, the schedule was adopt
ed by unanimous vote of the institute.
Recess. After recess the first subject
was the effect of of alcoholic stimulants
upon the human body. Mr.. Lee Siler
read paper embracing following parti-
culars Its influence is evil; it tends to
produce thirst; it disturbs the natural
operations of digestion; it Injuries the
blood; it lowers the temperature; it in
fiuences the nervous system; it produces
conditions that result in disease; it is a
cause Of insanity; it prepares its victims to
commit crime; it visits its evil consequent
ces from parents upon their children; it
endangers the morals, the honor and the
happiness of its victims; it is not design
ed for food nor drink: its use as a medi-
cine, should be confined strictly to the
direction of skillful physician. Prof.
Fleming surpassed himself ON this SUBJ
ject, and made such speech that will
live in the memory of all who were pres
ent. The following resolutions were
submitted for approval and adoption.
Resolved, That we the teachers of Ber-
kelley Co. tender our thanks to Prof. u.
s, Fleming for the very able and instruc-
tive manner in which he has conducted
our institute since his arrival in Martins
burg.
Resolved, That we also congratulate
our Supt.. ID. ii. D0dd, upon, and thank
him for the excellent manner in which
he conducted the institute until the ar
rival of Mr.. Fleming.
Resolved, That the Institute appreciates
the successful efforts of Co. Supt. Dodd
in securing the court room, and the
kindness of the county court in yielding
it for the purpose of holding our meet
ings.
Resolved, That we also tender our
kindest regards to the clergy, who have
honored us with their presence and in
voked the blessings of God upon our la
bors
Resolved, That, to stimulate and en-
courage teachers in making teaching a
profession, and thereby secure better SER
vice and greater advancement in primary
education, that their salaries should be
graded, not solely upon the grade of GER
tificate; but partly so and partly on their
success in practical teaching; and that
the salaries of the best practical teachers
should be SO increased, as to retain their
services in the profession.
N. G. ALBRIGHT,
VIM. GRIM, ICON.
III. CHILSoN,
All of thel above resolutions were
adopted except the last. which was re-
cOpnized as move in the right direc-