, 1889-10-02
ARTICLE No. L.
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.

mems of these ends they have at all times an inalienable
and indeteasable right to alter, reform or abolish the gov.
eminent in such manner as they may think proper.
SEC. .. In their inherent right to life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness, all members of the human race are
equal.
SEC. 8. Since equality in the enjoyment of natural and
civil rights is only made sure through political equality, the
laws of this State affecting the political rights and priv.
leges of its citizens shall be without distinction of race,
color, sex, or any circumstance or condition whatsoever
other than individual incompetency or unworthiness, duly
ascertained by a court of competent Jurisdiction.
SEC. 4. The right of the people to be secure in their
persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable
searches and seizures shall not be violated, and no warrant
shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by affidavit,
particularly describing the place to be searched or the per-
son or thing to be seized.
SEC. s. No person shall be imprisoned for debt except
in cases of fraud.
Sec. 6. That no person shall be deprived of life, liberty
or property without due process of law.
SEC. 7. Absolute, arbitrary power over the lives, liberty
and property of treemen exists nowhere in a republic, not
even in the largest majority.
SEC. 8. All courts shall be open and every person for
any injury done to person, reputation or property shall have
justice administered without sale, denial or delay. Suits
may be brought against the State in such manner and in
such courts as the legislature may by law direct.
SEC. 9. The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate
in criminal cases, but a jury in civil cases in all courts, or
in criminal cases in courts not of record, may consist of less
than twelve men, as may be prescribed by law. Hereafter
a grand jury may consist of twelve men, any nine Of whom
concurring may find an indictment, b-t the Legislature may
change, regulate or abolish the grand jury system.
SEC. 10. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall
have the right to defend in person and by counsel, to de-
thereof, to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to
have compulsory process served for obtaining witnesses and
TO q SPECIFY Jrlai Dy u lnparIldl jury OF Ie county or dis
trict in which the offense is alleged to have been committed.
SEC. IL. No person shall be compelled to testify against
himself in any criminal case, nor shall any person be twice
put in jeopardy for the same offence. Ifthe jury disagree,
or if the judgment be arrested after verdict, or if the iudg-
ment be reversed for error in law, the accused shall not be
deemed to have been in jeopardy.
SEC. II. No person shall be detained as a witness in any
criminal prosecution longer than may be necessary to take
his testimony or deposition, nor be confined in any room
where criminals are imprisoned.
SEC. 10. Until otherwise provided by law, no person shall,
for a felony, be proceeded against criminally, otherwise
than by indictments, eXcep. IN cases arising in the land or
naval forces, or the in militia when in actual service in time
OF war or public danger.
SEC. IA. All persons shall be bailable by sufficient
sureties, except for capital offences when the proof is evi-
dent or the presumption great. Excessive bail shall not be
required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor shall cruel or un-
usual punishment be inflicted.
SEC. Is. The penal code shall be framed on the humane
principles of reformation and prevention.
SEC. 16. No person arrested and confined in Jail shall
be treated with unnecessary rigor. The erection of safe
humane treatment of prisoners shall be provided for.
SEC. II. The privilege Of the writ of habeas corpus
shall not be suspended unless, when in case of rebellion or
invasion, the public safety may require it.
SEC. Is. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious
profession and worship without discrimination or prefer
ence shall be forever guaranteed in this State, and no person
shall be rendered incompetent to hold any office of trust or
profit, or to serve as Il witness or Juror, because of his opin-
ION on any matter of religious belief whatever; but the lib
erty of conscience hereby secured shall not be so construed
as to excuse acts of RIGHTEOUSNESS or justify practices incon-
sistent with the peace or safety of the State.
SEC. 10; No money of the State shall ever be given or
appropriated to any sectarian or religious society or institu-
SEC. 20. Every person may freely speak, write and
publish on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of
that right; and in all trials for libel, both civil and criminal
the truth, when published with good intent and iustifable
ends, shall be a sufficient defense, the jury having the right
to determine the facts and the law, under direction of the
court.
Sec. 81. The right of petition, and of the people peace
ably to assemble to consult for the common good, and to
make known their opinions, shall never be denied or
abridged.
SEC. %. The rights of labor shall have just protection
through laws calculated to secure to the laborer proper re-
wards for his service and to promote the industrial welfare
of the State.
SFC % Tho r;rb+ of u n ;+;,o, - g
education should have practical recognition. The Legisla-
ture shall suitably encourage means and agencies calculated
to advance the sciences and the liberal arts.
Sec. "a. The right of the citizens to bear arms IN de.
tense OF themselves and of the State shall not be denied.
SEC. 70. The military shall ever be in strict subordina-
ton to the civil power. No soldier in time of peace shall
be quartered IN any house without consent of the owner,
nor IN time OF war except in the manner prescribed by law.
SEC. 26. Treason against the State shall consist only in
ieyylng war against it, or in adhering to its enemies, or in
giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted