davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
HARaYs LUCKY DAY.
An Amusing Incident Of President Harm
sous Visit TO Deer Park.

An Amusing Incident Of President Harrl-
sous Visit TO Deer Park.
There is little messenger boy At
Deer Park who thinks the wife of the
President of the United States the kind
est woman in the world. He is . poor
little chap, this Harry Schoolcraft, but
with an honest-manly face, and some
how he manages to get along and almost
entirely supports father and mother
who are both inva1ids, and younger
brother. For many a day he carried
messages from the hotel telegraph Office
to the White House cottage, usually
giving them to the pre-occupied Presi-
dent or his busy private secretary. One
day he came away from the cottage with
a bright face. Some one asked him if
he had handed the message to the Presi-
dent himself. and then spoke of the
honor of being the bearer of dispatches
to the chief magistrate of the United
States. Harry blushed. He was a pat
riot and loyal, but he finally blurted
out:
81 would lots rather give them to Mrs.
Harrison; she always gives me fifty
cents"
Whether it was due to the half-dollars
or Mrs. Harrison's uniform kindness to
the lad, he was one of the group of vii
layers who came down to the station at
the Presidents and Mrs. Harrison's de-
parture from Deer Park. Harry didn't
know it, but it was his lucky day. He
sat on the truck the picture of woe while
the following dialogues were going on:
Mrs. Halford to Mr.. Halford:
Don't forget to give the little mes
senger boy dollar"
Mrs. Harrison to the President:
81 haven't any change Benjamin; will
you give that poor little boy some
thing?"
The President to his private secre-
tary:
''See to it, will you, Halford, that the
messenger boy gets good fee?"
AS result of these commands Mr..
Halford gave the lad on the truck So,
but did not mention the fact to any one.
Mrs. Halford passed him little later,
and, fearing that her husband had for
gotten him, she drew out 81 and handed
it to the boy. AS the train pulled up
Harry was perched on the railing to get
last view of his munificent but depart
ing patrons. Mrs. Harrison saw him.
1.-THE little messenger boy, Benjamin;
don't forget him."
''Ah, yes" said the absent-minded
President, shaking hands with the sur
prised Harry, and leaving in his palm
change that amounted to exactly $1.S0.
In the car the subject was mentioned.
Ibid you" queried Mrs. Halford.
81 did, answered her husband.
''It is all right, Halford; l had the
change, SO 1 feed the boy" said the
President.
$50 did IT, remarked the secretary
pensively, looking out of the observa-
ton end of the fast departing car to the
open-mouthed lad on the fence, who still
held one hand full of the Presidents
quarters, and drew from his pocket with
the other Lies munificent donations,
the whole aggregating SIS. Establishing
ton Cor. N. Y. Tribune.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
Complaints of Drought.

CHICAGO, Oct. 3O-The Farmers Re-
view says that reports firm its CORE
spondents show a serious absence of fall
pasturage for cattle except in Ohio.
Missouri and Kentucky. The States
suffering worst are Illinois, Wisconsin
and Minnesota. The Review adds that
farmers have serious question to meet.
Where cattle arc fit for market they
are being sold of as rapidly as possible.
It is stated as probable that lsrge num-
bers of animals nearly ready for the
block will be forced on the already slow
market At loss
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
RINGING THE CHANGES.
Chief Bell Tells About the Counterfeit

WASHINGTON, Nov. John S. Bell.
chief of the secret service, in his annual
report to the Secretary of the Treasury
of the operation of his bureau for the
fiscal year ended June 80, 1889, reports
437 arrests for counterfeiting or passing
counterfeit money during the year.
Natives of Italy, he says, continue to
occupy the forefront of foreign-born
people as counterfeiters. Out of 165
foreigners arrested eighty-six were
Italians. During the year s477,O31 of
counterfeit and raised notes were cap
tured, together with scores of plates,
dies and molds. Chief Bell reports that
since 1881 clash" notes, or limitations
of money, have been seized to the
amount of $12s, 3O3, 13O-representative
value. Congress. he says, during its
session increased the scope of the secret
service, but failed to increase the amount
of appropriation commensurate there
with; he, therefore, recommends an in
crease of appropriation from S64, 900 this
year to $780, ZOO for the next fiscal year.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
THE BaNDERs.

An Ola Woman and Her Daughter Taken
to Kansas From Michigan Charged With
Being Two OF the Notorious Bender
Family.
SEDAL1A, Mo-, Nov. deputy Sheriff
L. F. Dick, of Oswego, Labette County,
Kan. arrived in the city yesterday
afternoon from Niles, Mich, having in
charge Mrs Almira Monroe and her
daughter, Mrs. Eliza Davis, of Lansing,
alleged members of the famous Bender
gang of murderers and outlaws. The
party remained in the city upward of
three hours and departed for Oswego
over the Missouri, Kansas & Texas at
night.
Mrs. Frances E. Mccain, of Topeka,
Kan, accompanied the party. Accord
ing to her story her father was murdered
in the home of the Benders, and she has
never believed the story that old man
man Bender, his wife and Kate, the
daughter, had been killed in the Indian
Territory by vigilantes, but for the
past six or eight years she had been on
the trail of the female members of the
gang, and six months ago had run them
down at Niles, Mich. She is positive
that the right parties are under arrest,
fessed to her that the old woman is
none other than Mrs. Bender. She is
also positiye that Mrs. Davis is Kate
Bender, the most cruel and bloodthirsty
of the infamous gang.
Deputy Dick is confident that the
prisoners are the Benders, mother and
daughter, and says that plenty of wit
nesses await their arrival at Labette
County to identify them.
Dick says that the mother and daugh-
ter quarrel bitterly at intervals when
left to themselves and each accuses the
Other of being responsible for the posi-
ton in which they are placed at present.
If these parties are convicted Mrs.
Mccain will get $4,000, but it was not
money she was after. She worked for
revenge. Her father, John w. Sanford,
was murdered by the Benders at Wind
sor, Can, twenty-four years ago. They
fled the country and located on farm
in Labette County, Kan, where they
kept their tavern" and did their dead
ly work. When the Benders muir
dered Mr.. Sanford, Mrs. Mccain,
his daughter, was but four years
old. When she grewup and was married
she settled in Mcpherson, Kan. Some
years ago dissolute woman came there
with her husband and was taken sick at
her house. She believed she was dying,
and learning who Mrs. Mccain was, on
her supposed death bed confessed to Mrs.
Mccain that she helped to kill her
father when Mrs. Mccain was a child.
While Mrs. Mccain was looking up the
particulars of her fathers death
the sick woman recovered and
suddenly disappeared one night with
her husband. 1t was several years be-
fore Mrs. Mccain got a clew to her
whereabouts, but she finally located her
at Niles, Mich, and went there last
April. When she had her plans per-
fected she notified the Kansas officers
and. presented proofs satisfactory to
them that the women were the long lost
Renders and a requisition was made for
them. Such is the story of Mrs. Nc
Cam, who caused the arrest of these
supposed Benders.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
Snow storm I'M Nebraska.

OMAHA, Neb., Nov. "A heavy snow
has been falling here since early yester
day morning. The storm played havoc
with the railways, telegraph wires and
the overland trains generally. The fall
of snow is about six inches, as reported
at the Union Pacific headquarters from
several towns in Western Nebraska,
while in Wyoming Territory bliz-
xard is prevailing and it is
feared that blockade will conn
pei the suspension of trains. Tele-
graph wires on the Burlington are
broken at several points west of Omaha
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
He Pulled Too Hard.

eyes, Dan is dead" said the Arizona
man. ''You see, a few days ago some
O. the fellerS strung man up to a tree
for stealing horses, an Dan pulled too
hard on the rope. an strained himself"
''Why, what pity
sit war that, but it warn't surprising.
You see, Dan war the only man at his
end O. the rope; SO they outpulled him.
poor feller.'-Time.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

SHERMAN, Tex, Nov. "A terrific
wind storm ragged in the neighborhood
of Kendall Chapel, ten miles west OF
this city, Thursday afternoon. A funnel
shaped cloud appeared in the southwest,
and in a few minutes the cyclone swept
upon the town. A barn belonging to
Isaac Whistler was swept off of the face
of the earth. Isaac Whistler was in
the barn and was blown fifty feet
in the air and carried some distance. He
was insensible when picked up and
never recovered. A house belonging to
James Levinsay, another farmer. was
twisted off its foundation.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
The Cashier Missing.

ooNsHoHocKEN, Pa, Nov. 1.-The Ma
tionai Bank Examiner has taken charge
OF the Iradesmen's Bank. The cashier
Is missing and there is said to be a
shortage OF $4,000 in his accounts. The
capital OF the bank is 100000. It is no
thought that depositors will lose an
thing.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
NIatt Ouay RIaclh.I,.a

PITTSBURGH, Pa, Nov. LIMITED
States Senator NJ. S. Quay. who is also
chairman of the Republican National
Committee, has been blackballed bv the
Young Mems Republican Tariff Club of
this city. Senator Quay was proposed
for honorary membership, and naturally
his rejection has caused no end of talk.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

DR.. John Hunter, the celebrated
anatomist and surgeon, who was born at
Glasgow in 1928, and died October Is,
1893, is regarded as the greatest British
anatomist of the eighteenth century.
But more remarkable than even the
doctor himself is his museum, which
cost 100000 sterling. No private in
dividual ever formed so extensive and
valuable a collection.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

SCRANTON, Pa, Nov. 1--1.l;v.he+,
1on was convicted of voluntary man.
siaugn1er. she killed her illegitimate
cniia last May and has been sentenced
TO fifteen years in the peniteutiary.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

A PAUPER woman. who was being COM
nniserated for having lost ali her teeth
.Shure, an isn't it time to lose thin
whin I've nothing for thin to do?"
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

To THE EDrroR:-Please inform your
readers that have positive remedy for
tie above named disease BY its timely
use thousands of hopeless cases have been
permanently cured. i shAn be glad to send
Two bottles Of my remedy FRKN TO any
press and post-oface address,
Respectfully r. A. SLocUM, n. C.,
ISL Pearl street. New York
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
Mrs. NIaybrick Advised.

LONDON, Oct S1.-Treve Edgecombe.
the barrister. holds that Mrs. Maybrick
serving life sentence in prison, is en-
titled to an unconditional release, and
advises her to apply for a writ of habeas
corpus.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

A VETERAN trapper of Belfast, Me-. is
engaged in the novel business of CATCH
ing wild hares to ship to sportsmen who
wish to stock game preserves.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

"Boss, kin git de Job OBJ cleanin' ont
dis heah bank?" mo, no, my good
man. You are too late. The cashier has
already attended to that"
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
NAMES or CIGARS.
Some Of Them ReS4 More to shape Than
to Quality.

Some Of Them RefG More to Shape Than
to Quality.
s'What people don't know about the
various names applied to cigars would
I'LL book" said Newcastle street
cigar dealer. 81 have heard men laud
perfectos to the skies. as though the
word perfectos was name or quality
name. And again have heard man
say perfecto was not a perfecto because
1t was different in flavor from perfecto
he smoked some time before. How alb
surd he was will be plain to you if you
understand properly the Specification Of
cigar names. The word perfectos is
used to designate the peculiar shape of
such cigars. Workmen get more for
making them than for making others,
as 1T is not so easy to roll the material
into the perfecto shape. For this reason
perfecto would necessarily cost more
than cigar of the same material but
less difficult to make. But as far as the
word goes it is used only to indicate the
shape of the cigar. Besides words used
to designate the shape we have words
which refer to size. Such words are
finas, grandes. OF the terms applied TO
shapes 1 may cite Trabucos, Londres,
Conchas, Reina Victorias, Pantatelas,
Regalias- these words being plurals.
The language, you see, is Spanish, and
the names were first applied by the
Cubans. Words which indicate size and
shape are 1nfantes, applied to tiny
cigars; Processes and Elegantes. Com
binations of size and shape give such
names as Conchas Finas, Conchas
Speciales, Londres Grandes, so that in
two words you have the shape and size
indicated. "-Brunswick (Ga.) Times.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

A WASHINGTON man buys cat skins.
Shipped to Europe they sell as rugs,
dressing-gown Innings, etc.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

Do NOT suffer from sick headache a mo-
ment longer 1t is not necessary. Carriers
Little Liver Pills viii cure you Dose, one
little pill Small price. Small dose Small pill.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

An lrishwoman, unlimited to wake
well, we'll. I'll have corpse of my
own in my house some day, an thin
you'll see who'll be invited.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

You wear out clothes on wash board
ten tis.es as much as on the body. Hog fool
useless wear. Made ever since 1864 Don't
take imitation. There are lots OF them
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07
First Published in Iszs.

The American Architect Boston: Ticknor q
Col is the oldest as well as largest and most
Rroiuse,y lios d e,c Io,1a, nsn Ieo1 IN
it to our readers.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

If YOU want to be cured OF cough use
Hale's Honey of Horehound and Tar.
Pixies Toothache Drops Cure in one minute.
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

''HE's so thin I'd hardly know him.
You're thin and I'm thin, but he's
thinner than both of us put together"
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-11-07

WE recommend s'TansiIrs Punch cigar.
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09
The Queen and the Snow Children


There is an incident in the queens
life, well known to the gypsies, but
little known out of the charmed Ro-
many circle One bitter winter day,
when the snow was lying thick all
over Windsor park, gypsy family
were crossing it, when the tent had to
be suddenly pitched, the pangs of
labor having overtaken the mother
A few sticks were hurriedly gathered,
but there was hardly any time to
scrape away the snow and get the fire
lit before the gypsy woman gave birth
to twins. The park keepers, of course,
came up and ordered the tent to be
taken off the ground.
But the birth of the twins in the
snow under her windows reached the
ears of her majesty, who at once sent
food and drink and clothing to the
wanderers Amongst the presents
were some baby's woolen stockings,
knit by her majesty's own hands, and
a pair of blankets which but short
time before, it is said, had lain on a
state bed Gypsies repeat this anec-
dote with great pride, and the socks
knitted by the queen of the Gorgias"
are frequently referred to by them
when they speak of deeds of thought
full and timely charity. = Sheffield
(Eng.) Telegraph.
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09
The Flsq Not at Half-Mast for jeff
Osvis-The Montana Dead
Lock.
The Reported Msssaore Of Dr.. Peters
and HE Party in Africa
Confirmed.
rHE COMMITTEES
Several Important Ones Announced by
Speaker Reed.

WASHINGTON. Dec. 9.-The folio wing
committees we're announced by Speake 7
Reed:
Ways and Means-McKinley, chair
man; Burrows. Bayne. Dingley. Mo
Kenna, Payne, Lsfollette, Gear. Carlisle,
Mills, Mcmillan, Breckenridge of
Arksnsas, and Flower.
On ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, chair
man; Butterworth. McComas. Hender-
son of Iowa, Peters. CogsweIl, Belden,
Morrow, Brewer OF Michigan. Randall.
Foraey. Sayrss. Breckenridge Iof Ken
tucky and Dockery.
On Manufactures-Ke Kelley, chairnan; !;
Barrows. K b. TAYLOR OF Ohio. Arnold,
Morse, Sanford. Wilson of West Vlr-
ginis. Bynum, Williams OF Illinois,
Grimes and Fowler.
Oa Eleotions-R)well. Houk, Cooper,
Hanglen, Sherman, Dalzsll, Bergen,
GreeDhaly. Comstook, Crisp. OFerrall,
Olthwsite, Marsh, Moore OF Texas,
and Wike, of Illinois.
On Mileage-Lind, chairman; Town
send. Of Pennsylvania; Wallace, of Mas
saohusstts; Olunie. and Pennington.
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09

CHICAGO, Dec. 9.-Henry Deitch, q
young man who lives at No. IL Mohawk
street, was dangerously stabbed by John
Holmes. OF 3l3 Division street, late last
evening at Division and Sedgwick streets
during . saloon quarrel over . game of
cards. Holmes escaped and has not
yet been captured.
John Jacobs, . box maker 10 years
OF age, and John Missel . butcher,
quArrelled near the corner OF Mohawk
and Engine streets last evening in regard
to the formers sister. Finally Missel
struck jacobs, knocking him down.
When picked up he was dead. Ii is
his neck was broken. Missel
and . com panion were arrested.
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09

The monthly record of accidents pub
lished in the Railroad Gazette shows
that in October there were 100 accidents
on American railways, in which fifty
one persons were killed and 224 injured.
Not in years has the exhibit ct any
month been so bad. During the month
there were 112 collisions reported In
Eve cases where collisions occurred. the
or engineer forgot his orders. Oae Of
the most distressing of the accidents
was the derailment of freight train by
wreckers at Kokomo, on the 18th Of the
month, where the wreck took fire and
three Of the trainmen were burned to
death.
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09

Io0 Rbo8 ~ un0 AOP - t0c 0eWn.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 9-The following
telegram Was received from New Or
leans. yesterday. by Secretary OF War
Proctor:
/ have officially to inform you that
Hon. Jefferson Davis, at one time SEQ.
rotary Of War OF the United States, died
in this city. yesterday. His funeral
will take place here on Dec. IL, ut II
o'clock noon.
JAMES SHAKEsPgARE.
Mayor OF New Orleans.
In response thereto, Secretary Proc
tor. last night sent the following message
70 Mayor Shakespeare:
Your telegram. informing me OF the
death of Mr. Davis. is received. In re-
framing from any official action thereon
/ would not. and hope do not. add
70 the great sorrow OF his family and
many friends. Ii seems to me the right
course. and the best one for ali. You
will, I am sure, understand that its
adoption il prompted also BY . sincere
wish and purpose to act in the spirit Of
peace and good will. which should fill
the hearts Of our people.
REDFIELD PROCTOR,
Secretary of War.
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09
Trust Companies

To the Editor or the Palladium:
The following from the Iron Age of
December will be interesting to the
business men among our readers:
Judge Magruder. Of the Supreme
Court of Illinois, in his opinion regard
ing the validity of the Chicago Gas
Trust, says: The validity of the com
pany is acknowledged and the right to
seo uire works for the manufacture and
sale of gas or electricity conceded, but
the authority OF the trust to purchase
and hold and sell the capital stock of
any company is denied. 1t is held that
where . charter confeYs the power to
operate works tor the manufacture and
sale of gas, it il not . necessary implica-
ton therefrom that the power to pur-
chase stock in other companies should
also exist.
The Chicago Trust Company has pur-
chased and now holds . majority of all
the shares of stock of the Chicago COM
panies. Oae Of the results OF such
holdings is that the Trust Company can
control the four other companies. The
purpose for which . corporation is
formed under the general Incorporation
act, must be . lawful purpose.
So far a. the trust WAS organized with
the oQlSCtS OI puICuobiAk bu0 nOluluk
all the shares of the capital stock of
any gas company in Chicago or Illinois,
it was not organized tor . lawful pur
pose, and ell acts done by it toward the
accomplishment Of such objects are IL
legal and void. Whatever tends to
prevent competition between those en-
gagged in public employment or business
impressed with . public character ID
opposed to public policy. and therefore
unlawful.
Whatever tends to create . monopoly
il unlawful. ~ being contrary TO public
policy. The Judge gives extensive
quotations and numerous citations from
text writers and reports TO show the IN.
lawful and void character OF monopolies
and adds: But whss avail is it that
any number of gas companies may be
formed If . giant trust company can be
clothed with the power of buying ur
and holding the stock and property oil
such companies? To create ore corpc-
| alton for the express purpose of ena.
bling is to control all the corporations
engaged in Q certain kind Of business
and partisularly business Of . public
! character, 10 not only opposed to the
Richmond daily palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1876-1904, 1889-12-09
COURT HOUSE.
Items OF Interest Picked Up In the
Various C0ansy Omces.
PROBATE.

PROBATE.
| The last will and testament OF Thomai
/. Williams has been admitted to probate
| and record Albert E. Williams and
David 81. Miller we're appointed exscu
tors. Bond. $6 600
Letters of guardia uship have been is
| sued to Albert E. Williams on the
minor heirs of Lewis +. Hirchman, de-
ceased. Bond, $12 600
Letters of administration with the
will annexed have been granted Edwin
O.punhsm on the estate of Margaret j.
Hunt. deceased. Bond. 800.
MARRIAGE LICENSES.
William T. Walker and Loretta j.
Ell, Richmond. Matthew ELL afiant.
Willard II. Adams and Lida 4.
HERS. Centreville. r. X. Morrey and
Werta Gates, atlantis.
CIRCUIT COURT.
The case of Mary Nc Manus W. Ter
ence Nc Msnus, divorce. was continued
for further evidence.
Daniel Reynolds vs.. estate OF Mary
A. Reynolds. Ga account. Dismissed
1T plaintiffs cost.
In the case Of George Kimmel vs..
y oseph kimmel ct al, on note. . motion
w CAo1SO VI t0Au0 was BuDt8lucu 2uU
the case WAS sent to Henry county.
William M. Thomp1on vs. The Pull
man Palace Car Company for damages.
The defendant filed motion for change
of venue which was sustained. and the
case was sent to,Rsndolph county.
Lavina Voorhees, vs.. Jason Evans ct
al. To quiet title. Judgment and de-
cree tor plaintiff.
COMMISSIONERS COURT.
William Boesch withdrew his appli-
cation for license to retail spirituous
liquors to day.
The following allowances were made:
4. @. Dickinson. $l.1O; j. A. Com
mons. bridge. $26 Sc; w. K. Bradbury,
el6.48; CLARK Yeager. janitor, $l56;
Charles A. Steele. drugs. g 80; Charles !
Bsnner, care of prisoners $136 so; W. |
b. Sadhoff. medicines, IS cents; Amos |
Jook. $S so; James R. Dorsey, -; A. !
L. McMeans. salary, 5000; Finley New
in, on Office account. 1890 81; John A.
Oynes. soldiers funerals; John F.
)ynes. expense of poor of Centre town
hip. $3l29l; j. 81. Helms. expense of
,oor of Abingdon township, $40 SO; |
William Mendenhall. viewing toll roads,
80: Y. G. TAElnssaa-asis.i.s f~aa s~~1'~