The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1889-12-12

country, but much remains TO be done to per.
feet the organization Of the department 10
that It fairly realizes the expectations which
its creation excited. In this connection atten
tion Ii called to suggestions contained In the
IL is also recommended that the weather serv
Ice be separated from the War Department and
established as bureau In the Department OF
Agriculture. This. be y says; vii Involve involve =, an
reau and the Signal Service, making Of the first
purely civil organization, while the other will
be purely military. Is won, ,.s r.m
The proposition 70 observe the four hundredth
anniversary Of the discovery Of America by the
opening Of Worlds Fair OF exposition in some
consideration OF Congress. The value and in
terest Of such On exposition may well claim the
promotion OF the general Government.
THE CIVIL SERVICE.
A considerable portion Of the message Is de-
voted to consideration Of the cfvil-service
question and after detailing the facts regarding
President says that the reform OF the civil
service will make no safe or satisfactory ad-
vance until the present law and Its equal ad-
ministration are well established In tho con-
fiience Of the people. The message then con-
tinues as follows:
The duty OF appointment Is dcvolved by the
officers are properly held TO a high responsible
ity In its exercise. The growth Of the country
and the consequent increase Of the civil list
nave magnified this function Of the Executive
disproportionately 1t can not be denied, ,howeve
that the labor connected with this necessary
work IS increased. often to the point OF actual
distress, By the sudden and excessive demands
that are made upon an increasing sdministra
tion for removals and appointments. But. on
the other hand, II Is not true that incumbency
i conclusive argument .s ior contianance ana,;,
TO public duty and good attainment In the
discharge Of i must bc added l:forc tho argu
ment is complete. When those holding admin
istratiye ofices 50 conduct themselves as to
convince just political opponents that no party
consideration or bias affects In any way the dis
charge Of their public duties We can moro easily
stay the demand for removals
am satisfied that both In and out Of the
classified service great benefit would accrue
from the adoption OF some system by which the
ofi1cer would receive the distinction and benefit
that in all private employment comes from ex-
ccptional faithfuincss and efficiency in the per-
formance Of duty. -
National aid toeducotion has heretofore taken
the form Of land grants. In that form the
power OF Congress 10 promote the education Of
can be successfully questioned when the form is
changed to that Of direct grant Of money
from the public Treasury. Such aid should be,
as il always has been, suggested BY some ex-
ccptional conditions.
The sudden emancipation Of tho slaves the
bestowal Of the suffrage which soon followed
where W these new citizens were chiefly found 10
he adequately provided with educational facili.
ties presented not only yanexceptional an but an M
S nas the ,nsrs % mas
doubt. The ability and interest Of the
States have happily increased but great
70 O a
suggestion Of q National grant In aid Of educa-
tion grows chiefly out OF conditions aud needs OF
the emancipated slave and his descendants. the
relief should as far possible while necessarily
proceed ng upon some general lines, be applied
to the need that suggested It. II is essential il
much good is to be accomplished that tho sym
pathy and active interest Of the people OF the
State should he enlisted and that the methods
adopted should be such rs to stimulate and not
to supplant local taxation for school purposes.
AS one Congress can not bind . succeeding
one in such case and as the EFFORT must in
some degree be experimental recommend
that any appropriation made for this purpose
be so limited In annual amount and as TO the
time over which 1t is to extend as will on the
one hand give the local school authorities op-
portunity to make the best use Of the first
years allowance. and on the other deliver them
from the temptation TO unduly postpone the as
sumption OF the whole burden themselves.
RACE TROUBLES IN THE SOUTH.
and the fact that In many instances colored
people have been interfered with when attempt
Ing to vote, the President begins by paying a
the the coiored people. He continues: :
In many parts Of our country where the col.
ored population Is large the people Of that race
are, Dy vnIlOuS DEVICES, ,u6pTJVcdOI auy cucCtlSe,
exercise Of their political rights and Of many Of
their civil rights. The wrong does not expend
itself upon those whose votes are suppressed
Every the n the na,rc y wrSng
sense Of justice and Of respect forthe law would
work gradual cure Of the f,agrant evils. Sure
~ no one supposcs that the present can be &C.
that these communications must work
out this problem for themselves We
have = sl, right 70 ask nv whether ,na. they
any solntions When and under what conditions
Is the black man TO have 4 free ballot. When
is he. in fact to have those full civil rights
which have SO long been his in law When Is
that equality Of influence which our form Of
Government has intended to secure TO the elec
tors 10 be restoredi. This generation shall
and not leave them as heritage OF woe TO the
next. The consultation should proceed with
candor. calmncss and great patience: upon the
lines OF justice and humanity. not Of prejudice
and cruelty. No question in our country can b.
AZ rest except upon the arin basis OF justice ard
Of the law.
TO the consideration OF such measures within
its welldefincd constitutional powers as will
secure to all our people free exercise OF the
right OF suffrage and every other civil right
under our constitution and laws.
OUR MERCHANT MARINE
There Is nothing more Justly humiiiating TO
the National pride and nothing more hurtful to
the National prosperity that the inferiority Of
our merchant marine as compared with those
OF other nations where general resources.
wealth and sca-coost lines do not suggest any
1t is not possible In this communication TO dis
cuss the causes ofthe decay Of our shipping In.
ieres.s Or the different methods BY which IT. Is
ship lines sailing under the flags OF En-
gland, France. Germany, Spain and Italy
and in ,eco
now are literally aided by grants Of public mon.
ey In one form or another American lines OF
steamships have been abandoned by US to an
| unequal contest with the aided lines Of other
nations until they have been withdrawn or, In
the few cases where they are still maintained,
are subject to serious disadvantages.
made for ocean mail service In American steam
ships between our ports and those OF Central
| and South America. China Japan, and the i'm
oeeans. pSaaas. aus as Win be M aoeraily Temunera.
as will encourage the establishment
| OF American steamship lines In the compcti
tions which they must meet. We should also
| make provision for naval reserve to consist
| OF such merchant ships OF American con.
| struction and OF specified tonnage and speed
| as the owners will consent to place at tho use
| OF the Government, in case OF need, rs armed
| cruisers
am an advocate OF economy In our National
] expenditures, but II Is o misuse Of terms 70
| make this word describe policy that withholds
| provement Of our merchant marine, the
development OF sufftcient body oi
| trained American seamen, the promotion oi
| rapid and regular mail communication between
the ports of other countries and our own and
| the adoption Of large and swift American mer
| chant steamships to naval uses, In time Of war,
are public purposes OF the highest con-
| ccrn. The enlarged participation OF our
/ people In the carrying trade, the new and In
creased markets that will be opened for the
| products Of our farms and factories and the
| fuller and better employment OF our mechanics
| which will result from liberal promotion oi
our foreign commerce, insure the widest possi
BILE diffusion OF benefit TO oil the States and to
| all our people Every thing IL most propitious
| for the present Inauguration of liberal and
progressive policy upon this subject and We
/ should enter upon 1t with promptness and de
| csion.
| The legislation which have suggested. il Is
! sincerely believed. will promote the peace and
! honor Of our country and the prosperity and Sc
curity OF the people invoke the tiiligent and
! serious attention Of Congress to the considera
! tion OF these and such other measures Us may
1 hxas fnA hax-{n fha ~ ~