Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1889-06-13
THE iNDIA-RURBER TREE.

An Attractive Plant which Is Is Useful
rs 1t Is Ornamental.
This plant is the ficus elastica of
botanists, and. although tolerably well
known as greenhouse, window or
decorative plant at the principal rub
Der stores. it has not SO very early a
history. having been introduced in Eu-
rope in 1915. 1t is a native of the East
Indias- The plant belongs to the fig
family, all of which exclude, when
wounded. milky juice. with. of course.
fig for fruit. this one being about the
size of cherry, and not edible. There
are not less than eighty known species
distributed over a large part of the
tropical world.
The India-rubber tree in its native
fields attains the size of our sycamore,
growing chiefly among decomposed
rocks and vegetable matter over the
declivities of mountains. 1t grows
very rapidly when young. reaching, it
is said. to the height of twenty-four
feet in four years, and with trunk a
foot in diameter. The well-known
India-rubber is the product of this
tree as found in India, but in South
America there are several trees from
which it is obtained. but the chief
American tree is the Jatropha elastica-
The name, India-rubber, came from
the discovery that the article was use
full to remove marks of the ordinary
lead pencil, and is mentioned by Dr.
Priestly in his work on perspective
printed in 1770, as having Just been
brought to his notice The Indians of
America gave the name cahuchu to the
hardened juice, and from this our
word caoutchouc is derived.
The milk from which the rubber Is
made is extracted by making missions
through the bark to the wood, at
the distance OF foot from each other.
all around the trees, and even up to the
top. After one course of tapping, the
tree requires to rest a fortnight, when
the process may be repeated When
the liquid is exposed to the air it be-
comes a firm and elastic substance,
fifty ounces of pure milky juice yield
ing about fifteen of clear washed gum.
This gum used to be known by the In
dian name of caoutchouc, a veritable
jaw-breaker to the English tongue,
and yet, in our boyhood days. when
this now plentiful rubber was being
introduced into sundry uses, that was
its common name
For the manifold uses to which it is
now put it is yulcanized. This was
the discovery of Goodyear. that at the
time made his name famous 1t Is al
so mixed with another product from
an Indian tree. gutta percha, intro
duced in the arts by DIR. Montgomery
IN 1S43- This gum is the exact oppo-
site of rubber it being ,non-elastic-
The plant has large, glossy leaves.
thick. oval and pointed 1t is quite an
attractive plant. particularly as a
specimen window plant, without others
near it 1t stands the dry atmosphere
of a room well, and the leaves are
readily rid of all dust by simply spray
ing. Gardeners propagate their stock
from cuttings. which grow readily
enough from a single eye and leaf. each
bud thus forming a new plant Young
plants are not much used for propa-
eating from. but an old plant is gem
orally selected and induced to throw
out as many shoots as possible In the
olden times propagation was effected
by 1ayering or winding around moss
or inserting q shoot through hover
pot made for the purpose, in which tne
roots formed, and afterward sever1a2
from the paren: trea-Prstr7e faf"s