The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1889-01-03
Rrr or HrsroRr.
Eisveu Extra Sessions OF Congress sIses
the Formulation Of the tgovernmeat.

ton to the extra sessions which
have been neld. There have been
thus far in our history eleven extra
sessions Of Congress.
| President Washington, although
he convened the senate in special
session, did not find the presence ri
Congress necessary, but President
/ Adams on March -, 1870, in con-
sequence oI the threatened trouble
with France, did call Congress
together 10y a proclamation which
has been followed - the model
whenever il has since been necessary
To convene Congress la special
session. That proclamation WAS as
follows: by the Pre-ident-A
proclamation: Whereas, the Con-
siituliUn Of America provides that
the President msy. On extraordinary
Orca-ious, convene both houses at
Congress, aud whereas, an extra
ordinary occasion exists for con-
yeuinf' Congress and divers wrighty
matters claim their consideration, l
have therefore. thought u necessary
Co convene. and I de-. by these pres
cuts, convene the Congress n1 the
United States Of America, at the
city Of Philadelphia. Ia the com
monweaIth Of Pennsylvania, on
Monday, the 18th day of May next,
hereby requiring the Senators and
Representatives in COngrrss uf the
/ tnited States Of America aud every
one Of them, that, laying aside all
other matters aud cares, they then
aud there meet and assemble in
1 Congress ia order To consult aud
determine an such measures n In
/ their Wi-d0m shall lee deemed meet
for the safety and welfare Of the
| United states. la testimony
whereof. etc. JuIiN ADAMS.
The directory hal then pOsseSsion
uf the French government. Three
military directors had been ap-
pointed. The first advance. had hern
made toward military desp0ti~m.
Garnet and other leaders Of the
Rhyalist rounrils had been trans
ported. aud among other arts at the
directory had been the expulsion of
Charles C0teswurlh l'inckney.
Minister of the United States, from
France. President Alams, ia
very spirited message aud iu an
equally spirited rorTr-punIlrnrr,
resented this act, aud 10 was deemed
rNI'rdirnt To convene Congress in
extra session la order that the
I nited states might lee prepared Ia
maintain it, rights. There was
lnTT diplomatic correspondence
upon the subject, after which the
war-"l"ud Disappeared.
mn Sit1uNntAI.IEn -I--IoN.
Congress Was runVrn,7I for the
srrond time in October, lSl3. upon
the Proclamation at President JET
fersnn. The special rurpnSe 81 this
session was to auIhuTilp the purchase
by the 'nitrd states uG Louisiana,
which had been crd,.h 10y spain To-
France. The purchase was RON
~ummatrd 10y the United states an
April ~. lSI3, for Sli.'aEI.UU, imI-
mrdiatrly after whirh provision was
made tor the territories at Mi-Si--
~ippi ard Drleam-
rIIE THIRD AI.LTH SESSION
President JeflrrSur found il nrrr--
-aTy Ia ronVenc Congress in extra
session five years latter. IIis pro-
fanatics WIS issued July ~, IsI'7.
aud CUngTrS~ met Ort. - OT that
year. The immediate cause was the
aEgTrssinns at Great britain and the
rapture uG the United States war
vesstl chesapeake ia Hampton
Roads On June 80 This seizure was
one of the results of the dispute with
England arising from the capture
aud condemnation OF several
American vessels about to enter
hluckAdrd puTtS, and from the
assumption lay England uG the right
"f search. The British government
nf the admiralty courts revived the |
maxim uf l7:S', which assumed that 4!
nruITals ia time at war could carry
on %" trade which they had not been |
accustomed To carry on ia time ni |
peace. This neutral trade WAS |
therefore considered ~ destructive |
In Eugl1nds property aud ~ war
in disguise. England adopted at
that time "A tcmInriZing policy, and |
the war, which then seemed
was postponed. Ia the
debates nj this session az Congress
the tail of the British lion was
twisted a. IL had seldom been
before.
TIE TpTHTH CALLED SESSION
The controversy with Great
Britain was not, however. To he
ended without = war. and President
Madison la July, 1871, found il
necessary To convene Congress in
advance uf the usual time. The
Twelfth Congress WAS convened in
special session on Nov. I. 1911, Henry
, lay, of Kentucky, heing speaker.
War with t;reat britain was then
deemed inevitable, and President
Madison sought In have supplies
voted ia order that the vacancies In
the army could he filled aud
authority secured Ia recruit addi-
linnal men. He Wa~ authorized to
,all fer 3i,Wu volunteers, and an
embargo for sixty DAYS was declared
ln April I, ISL, and war declared
against England on June Is.
THE TITTU CALLED SESSION
The continuance of the war made
{ nrressary for President Madison
a convene Congress la special ses-
ion again on sept. ~, lsIl, in order
hat a place might lee provided for
hr government offices, the british
u their invasion having burned the
SPitnl aud the Federal offices.
During this year the war ended.
THE SIXTH CALLED SESSION.
Many years elapsed herure another
allied session WIS deemed nrces-
AIRY. THE administrations Of
Innr"c, John Quincy Adams. and
ack~un passed without any dpvia-
ion from the regular course Of Con I
rrss. hut when the panic Of ISI5
anne, President Van Ruren con q
enrtl Congress in extra session on
he 9TH nf September, In order To
what measures could he
eVised for relief. This was the
rst session oG the Twenty-fifth
Congress-. James X. Polk, Of Tonnes
ps, Speaker. The session lasted
rom Sept. to- Ori. IL, aud was
holly devoted To the consideration
{ the iinanrisl crisis. One Of the
hirf t"pi'-- Was the Sub-TreaSury
stem. The hanks suspended
'rrie payments. there was
Universal panic aud distress, aud
~ specie circular was reSrinipd bv
OngTesS.
THE SEVENTH CALLED SESSION.
President Harrison found Il neces- I,
Try, on arruuut nf financial gueS-
nus, in convene the Twenty .;
'Venth Congress la special session
ay ~, ISL. This he did by prOcla- u
alton uf March I, ISiI. lie did not
We Z" see the meeting Of Congress ],
hich lac had ordered tn assemble,
+ death occurring on April 4. The ;.
II'ersiiiious might think that the
resident Harrison ui lSSS would l.
s.itatfs tn convene ma rass Ia awfr,