davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
THE seMI-cENTENN,AL.

Fifty years passed away and the senai-cen
tennial Of the first Inauguration was celebrated
by the New York Historical society April
50, 1882 The accomplished John Quincy
Adams delivered an eloquent address. Forty
one years more passed, and in 1880 the
chamber OF commerce of New York began
the movement to erect colossal bronze
statue Of Washington on the same spot
where he took the inaugural oath. The nee
essary money was raised In few days and
the work was executed by the eminent sculp
tor, John Quincy Adams Ward.
On the 25th Of November, 1883, the one
hundredth anniversary Of Washington's Ell
trance into New York city, the unveilng
ceremonies took place, unfortunately in the
mist Of drenching rain. George w. Lane,
president Of the chamber Of commerce, pre-
sided Richard s. Storrs offered prayer
Royal Phillips, in behalf Of the chamber OF
commerce, reported respecting the work
Governor Grover Cleveland, Of New York,
unveiled the statue, and Presidcnt Arthur
accepted it on behalf Of the government Of
the United States An eloquent address was
delivered by George William Curtis and the
benediction pronounced by Rt. Rev. Henry
c. Potter, bishop Of New York Two years
later the New York Historical society began
the movement for centennial celebration,
which has now reached such immense proper
tions ALI the old societies Of New York have
Joined in. Committees have been organized
on every branch Of the work, Of which it Il
only necessary to mention the most res ',onsi-
BILE and those Of most historic note.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
RECEPTION OF THE PRESIDENT
ELECT

Governor George Clinton received the
President-elect at the ferry stairs, and when
Washington stepped to the shore the vast
multitude broke into loud and prolonged
cheers. The crowds were so densely packed
in the procession that it required long time
and much exertion to force the way to the
nresidents house in Franklin square Every
house on the route was decorated; every win
dow was filed with people, shouting and wav-
inp flags and handkerchiefs. Flowers fell in
the streets In constant showers and were di'-
PLAYED in every kind Of device. The name
Of Washington was presented in aowers'
flags and evergreens. AT his house IN FRANK
lin square Washington spent the remainder
of the day, from I P. IN to late bedtime, IN
receiving visitors and congratulations OF lor-
eien ministers, political characters, puoac
bodies and private citizens OF distinction. IN
the evening the entire city was brilliantly u
Illuminated. -.,
All this time the city was being filled with
thople from every part Of the adjoining coun-
tYv and from New England. New YORK nad
never before had such multitude. old let-
tars lately resurrected give amusing accounts
of the difficulty OF securing lodgings, Of the
breaking down Of carriages and delays and
h;,derances on account Of the bad roads OF
that day. All the houses in the city were
soon filed and tents were pitched In vacant
lots. ~. 4o
On the Goth the committee OF the Two
houses reportcd an elaborate plan, Prov1ding
flat Gen. Webb, Col. Smith, Lieut. CoL
Fish Fish Lieut.. Col Franks, Maj LEnfans'
Maj Bleecker and Mr., John r Livingston
serve as aids and assistants, that chalfs 70
nlaced in the senate chamber for the pIesl-
don't and vice president, the senators s'1tmg
~ that side where the vice presidents chan
was placed and the representatives Oh .ne
other side, with the speaker ut their neaa also
That seats should be provided in the senate
chamber for the late president Of the eo1
federation congress and governor OF Ine
Western territory the five persons az sns
heads of the departments, the ministers o.
France and Spain, the chaplain OF congress
and persons in the suite Of the preeldent' .us
M l;autenant governor, chancellor, chief !os,lce
and Judges of the supreme court 0! ~"
Work. and mayor Of the city; also, tnas 1nels ~ >
should he services in all the churches N sne' H
city Mt O'Clock in the morning, wmcn ~ o.
t' tha raonle were requested to attend; snas
Immediately after the conclusion OF .net .he ~.
;ces the procession should move; that tne
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

WARRINGTON TAKING THE OATH.
Chancellor Livingston slowly pronounced
the oath. Washington reverently repeated
after him, The Bible was raised AZ the
president bowed to kiss it, be said in clear
voioet "Isvear." then, closing his eyes, added,
$50 help me, God"
ut Is done," said the chancellor. Then.
turning to the multitude, be said In q looo
voice:
"Lone live George Washington, president
of the United States!"
Instantly the Gag was run up to the top OF
the staff Of the cupola OF Federal hall, and all
the bells Of the city broke forth at once
Shouts and acclan,ations from the waiting
thousands were repeated again and again,
and cannon boomed ra4n eye"v ""'"t ~ @"-
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

WARRINGTON PASSING THROUGH TRENTON.
Washington had set out from Mount Ver'
non as soon as Secretary Thompson arrived,
and his journey was one continuous tri-
umphal procession Cities, towns and VII
lagos turned out ell masse The road for
many miles was lined with people from the
adjacent country, manifesting their joy in
many impuisive ways, by shouts. by laugh
ter and by tears Mothers who had
trudged many miles held up their babes
that they might say in after life that
they lad seen Washington. The sick and the
aged were carried to the line and given prom
inent places at the windows. The veterans
of the revolution and the new militia paraded
everywhere. Guns were fired, triumplal
arches were erected In the towns and
stretched from tree to tree i'll the country
At Gray's Ferry, across the Schuylklll, the
prcsidept-elect was escorted through long
avenue Of laurels under sort Of arbor COW
cred with laurel branches. AS he passed the
last arch civic crown of laurels was inyen-
iously lowered upon his head from above
greatly to his surprise, and amid tho deafen-
ine shouts of the multitude At Trenton q
magnificent triumphal arch had been erected.
Above it was 10 date Of his victory at that
place in gold lettering with flowers t"lned
about it, and as he passed under this 'nlfleen
girls in white marched before him, sang a
welcoming ode and scattered flowers in his
pathway.
At the same time John Adams was apr
proaching with somewhat less state from
New England, and on the 2oth OF Apfll l'e
arrived III New York, escorted from inc ooh.
necticut line to Kingsbridge by the light
horse Of Westchester county, ana IRON
Kingsbridge into the city BY all the city cay t
airy, commanded BY Gen. Malcolm 1a anu arohers nhp
Of congress and large concourse Of citizens ems
He lodged at the house of Hon. John jon ia Jay, :.
and the next day was escorted to the senate '
chamber by Caleb Strong and Halpn lzara q,
where he was introduced as vice president OF
the United States and took the oath OF once
Early on the morning of April - the Inc
booming of cannon and the ringing OF oens
announced that Washington had arrived oa a'
Elizabethport, N. j., and business was en-
tirely suspended At Elizabethport the pres,
ident-e)ect was received by committee OF
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
CENTENNIAL UNION SERVICES.

At nine o'clock a. M. on Tuesday. April
Both, in pursuance Of the governors pro-
clamation, the various religious denom-
nations of the city of Great Falls will
assemble in the First Presbyterian church
to join in prayer and praise to Almighty
God for his goodness.
The following will be the order of ex-
ercises:
Opening verses by tev, joel Vfg,,s.
Anthem-Enter into His gates
Invocation by Rev. Joel Vlg,ls
Hymn-Ali People that on Earth do Dwell,
Scripture Reading by Rev. Joel yIgns
"Te Deun.'
Prayer by Rev. Joel Vij,ls.
Hymn-Benlah Land.
Serm0n-Part lst-Past. by Rev John Reid
Anthem-Gnida Me-
Sermon-Part 2nd-Present. by Rev. John Reid.
Hymn-Faint but still Pursuing.
Sermon-Part 3d-Future, by Rev John Reid.
Anthem-Wake the Song of Jubilee
All persons Of every denomination are
invited to attend and join in the exercises.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
HIS PERSON AND CHARACTER.

HIS PERSON AND CHARACTER.
Washington was at that time 81 years old,
and as was stated by thousands who knew
him intimately, had outgrown that awk-
wardnes Of movement which marked him
all through bis early life, and arrived at an
attitude OF most wonderful and kindly dig
nifty. His figure was neither awkward nor
stiff. He was six feet three inches high,
splendidly porportioned, finely developed and
straight He had long and muscular arm
and very large hand. His motions were
somewhat slow, and his voice almost uni
formly grava His breeding, Of course, was
that OF a gentleman. He was fond of So
ctety, enjoying the good things Of life, and in
the circle Of his intimates he indulged in q
quiet humor and was sensitive to the beauty
Of good story.
After Washington's return to the senate
chamber and delivery Of the address, he, with
both houses Of congress and many Others
proceeded on foot to St Paul's chapel on
Broadway, where divine service was per.
formed by Bishop Provost, when the presi
dent was escorted to bis own house. In the
evening the city was Illuminated in q style
unparalleled In America, and which drew
forth praise even from visiting Nenchmen
and other Foreigners The theatre In John
street was blaze of light, the front covered
with transparencies, one Of which represented
Fame like an angel descending from heaven
to crown Washington with Immortality In
Bowling Green were numerous Transparent
cies representing Washington and the differ
e0t branches Of the new government presided
over BY Justice and Wisdom, Columbia, Lib
erty and many other characters
It d reported that every house in the city
was Illuminated, the most brilliantly SO being
those Of the French and Spanish ministers,
who tried to outdo each other All the doors
and windows Of the French minister's house
were bordered with brilliant lamps shining
upon numerous paintings representing the
past and present OF American history.
Gathered about the door OF the Spanish min
lsters house was curiorsly elaborate group
OF the Graces and in each window moved
pictures arranged to pass before the eyes Of
the spectators go as to present the illusion Of
panorama One of the ships off the Battery
arranged its rigging with lanterns 50 as to
represent Il pyramid Of stars, and the display
Of fireworks under the direction Of Col.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
PLAN OF THE CENTENNIAL.


The general outline of proceedings will b.
as follows, to which will be added Il supple
mentary outline for each separate depart
ground for each Of the different detachrlents
represented by various nations and various
departments OF the government:
l. The president Of the United States, pro-
ceeding through Philadelphia and New Jer-
ut the same places as did Washington, viii
arrive at the harbor Of New York on Mon
day, April ~, will be met by deputation Of
the officials Of New York state and city and
taken thence on government dispatch boat
to the foot of Wall street in the city Of New
York, passing en- route the United States and
foreign ships Of war, the yachts Of all the
clubs which may he present arranged in
proper order and u large number Of other
vessels suitably decorated for the occasion.
IL this progress he will be received by the
crews Of all the vessels with the honor due
bis office and by the ships Of war with the
salute prescribed by law for the president.
At Wall street the president will be formally
welcomed by his honor Mayor Grant, Of New
York, and escorted to his quarters
On the evening of April 80 will occur the
great ball at the Metropolitan Opera house,
which Is designed to be the greatest assembly
of the kind the world ever saw At the head
of the principal committee in arranging for
this bull is Mr.. Ward McAllister, the recog-
nized authority on matters Of social rank,
adornmcnt and taste in the city of New York,
who has devised many unique and original
features, making the ball as distinctively
American as possible The dance will be
opened with quadrille, wherein the dancers
viii be the president, vice president and their
wives. with Governor Hill and Mayor Grant
and such ladies as they shall choehe, and
along With these other sets will be made up
OF people who are the lineal descendants Of
the heroes of the revolution.
The committee on art have arranged de-
signs for the hall, in which the American
Eagle the Father Of His Country, the Star
spangled Banner Peace, Victory, Fortune,
the Genius OF the Republic, Liberty, and the
Goddess Of Justice will be presented in the
most impressive styles Of art. Bronze medals
have also been struck, having on one side
medallion Of Washington and on the other
appropriate Inscriptions. These are to be
kept as historic souvenirs. The badges Of the
committee and the drapings Of the hall will
be arranged in various colors. namely: For
the general government, in red, white and
blue; for the army, light blue, for the navy,
dark blue, and for the other committees and
departments In appropriate colors
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
THE FIRST ELECTION.

On the 2lst Of June, l7ss. New Hampshire,
the ninth state, ratified the constitution On
the I'd OF July her formal notification OF that
fact was read in the Confederation congress.
and after long and heated debate, that con-
gress on the 18th OF September resolved that
the first Wednesday in January should be the
day for appointing electors, the first We'd
nesday in February the day for them to vote,
and the first Wednesday in March the time
and New York, the then seat OF congress, the
place to commence proceedings under the
new constitution
On the 4th of March but few delegates were
present. On the o5th twenty six representa-
hves answered to their names, but thirty
were necessary to quorum, which was not
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
arblp statue ofWashi,

THE marble statue of Washington cross
ing the Delaware. fourteen feet in hight.
weighing upwards of ten tons, brought
over from Italy by Dickinson Eyre and
valued at $4,000. was sold at Philadel-
phia on Thursday last by the executor Of
the Eyre estate.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
THE GLORIOUS DAY.

The programme was fully carried out. 4
national salute ushered In the morning Of the
S0th Of April At Q O'Clock every bell In the
city pealed for few minutes, then In slow
tones summoned the people to religious ser-
vice, immediately after which the procession
was formed in the following order:
Col Morgan Lewis attended by two officers.
Capt Stokes. with the Troop Of HossA
Artillery
Maj Van Horne
Grenadiers under Capt HaFsin
German Grenadiers, very gayly atttrsd under
Capt Serbia
Maj. Bicker.
The Infantry Of the Brigade
Maj: nysna
8her4H.
Committee OF the Sonata
President-elsct. 10 . Chariot Drawn By -Four
Horses
His SUITE
Civil Officers.
Committee Of the Representatives.
Hon. Mr.. Jay, Secretary Of Foreign AhairA
Gen. Knox, Secretary Of War
Chancellor Livingston
Several 0entlemen OF Distinction.
At Federal hall the troops massed In Gloss
order on Wall and Broad streetA Washing
ton passed through and was conducted to tho
senate chamber according to the programme,
when Vice President Adams said:
''Sir, the senate and house Of representa-
tives Of the United States are ready to attend
you to take the oath required by the consti
tuition, which will be administered by the
chancellor Of the state Of New York"
II am ready to proceed" was the reply.
They then passed to the balcony In the or
der prescribed Broad and Wall streets In
each direction presented q compact mass OF
upturned faces, and It Is remarked that every
person was still as a statue and profound 81
1ence reigned The windows and housetops
were crowded with people. Spectators e1-
actly on the opposite side have many times
described the appearance of the group on the
balcony.
In the center and standing apart little,
separated by a space from all except Col
Webb and Chancellor Livingston, stood
Washington, clad In a complete suit Of ele-
giant broadcloth, Of American manufacture,
with white silk stockings, also native pro-
duction, plain silver buckles In his shoes,
head uncovered, his hair heavily powdered
and tied in cue, according to the fashion
OF the day He stool upon a square stone
slightly elevated above the floor Of the bal.
cony To the right Of him stood Chancellor
Livingston, nearly as tall as himself On
the other side stood Vice President Adama.
Samuel A. Otis, secretary Of the senate, stood
near A little to the rear and forming sort
of semicircle was group Of persons then and
ever since dear to the American people,
whose fame was second only to that OF Wash
ington. First was the secretary, John Jay,a
tall, slight man. with face Indicating calm
serenity and line type OF character rexs,
the brave Cen knox, Baron Steuben, Alex
ander Hamilton, Governor st. Clair Of the
Northwest Territory, and Roger Sherman.
Behind them were the congressional celebri-
ties; then, extending 10 the wings OF the bal
couy on each side as many members. both OF
the senate and house.. a. there was room TOR.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

TABLE AND CHAIR USED BY FIRST CONGRESS-
Bauman was the finest America had ever
seem President Washington drove down
Broadway, around Bowling Green, along the
Battery and through the principal streets, OBJ
tanning full view Of the cheering spectacle
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
ARRIVAL OF WASHINGTON.

Egbert Benson, from New York, Peter
Muhlenberg, from Pennsylvania, and Sam
uel Griffin, from Virginia, we're appointed a
committee on the reception Of the president,
and they prepared the house Of Mr.. Osgood,
lately occupied by the president of congress.
The house stood in what is now Franklin
square, at the corner Of Cherry street.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

L The great day OF April 80 will begin
with . demonstration unique In itself, and
which could probably occur In no other coun
try In the world, at any rate It distinguishes
the American republic above all othesx
Representatives Of al the great religious
bodies In America have combined In 70
quest to the people Of their respective beliefs
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
THE CONSTITUTIONAL FATHERS.

THE CONSIITOI IlONNk FATHERS.
The annexed history OF Washingtons inau-
guration will, therefore, be sort Of advance
programme Of the ceremonies on the coming
8Jth Of April The preliminary sketch will,
1t il hoped, enable young readers to compre-
bend the peculiar difficulties confronting the
first president, and In the discussions which
preceded aud the words in which the agree
ment to the charter Of the national govern
ment was couched may be found the germs
Of our national policy and the Emergencies Of
our political parties.
It is conceded by all Observers of that time
that the constitution never would have OBJ
tanned the sanction Of the needed states had
there not been a certainty in the public mind
that Washington would be the first president
and therefore give to its terms an executive
construction which would be binding for all
time. Washington was therefore in pecul-
lar sense the principal creator Of the new
government But the causes for local jeal-
ousy which went SO near to defeating his object
may here be briefly and profitably reviewed.
It should be borne in mind that the colonies
were founded by men representing at least
four great branches Of the Caucasian
stock and six distinct and somewhat I'M
friendly religious bodies: The Puritan, Dutch
and Swedish Calvinists and Lutherans; the
English Quakers, Catholics and EpiscopaNans,
and lastly the French Huguenota The Irish
Of the early immigration were nearly all non
Celtic and Protestant, while the Palatine Ger
mans who located in Pennsylvania and the
valley Of Virginia did not In any sense con
stitute an alien political party
Necessity compelled some sort OF union
from the first, but it was self evident that no
one Of the local religious elements could pre-,
vail over all the others, and thus by most
fortunate accident there was from the first a
complete divorce Of church and state under
the old government, while the anomaly was
presented Of a union of the two in some Of
the states till long after the adoption OF the
present purely secular national constitution
Jealousies inherent In the religions Of the
original stocks were very slowly eliminated,
and those growing out Of local interests in
trade and navigation were most persistent Of
all Hence the instincts Of the people looked
to man Of impartial temper to hold the just
balance Of the constitution between state
rights and Capitalization - between the
south, the west and the east-between the in
terests Of manufacturing, commerce and
navigation. There was but one man III whom,
the confidence of the vast classes and sections
centered; native Of the south, who had won
bis first great laurels in the north. and that
man was George Washington.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

THE CENTENNIAL. GRAFTON TODAY AZ
New York, by chauncey NJ. Depew, will
he one Of the hest efforts of his life,
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

TENS of thousands of people will visit
St. Paul's chapel today and during the
centennial month of May to see Wash.
ington's pew.
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30
THE CENTENNIAL.
The National Glory Will Center
in New York April 80.
THREE DAYS OF REJOICING.

.rom Waxl,imgton to Harrison-Why the
Constitution Was Adopted-Race Ele-
meuts Of the New Republic-W ashlne-
t.,,,,v Triumphai Alarch-Reception and
inauguration Csntury's Growth Out
zine Of Events ON April 70 and 80 and
May I. 1880.
George Washington was the hero Of the
nost successful and least destructive rovoiu.
tim recorded In history. His Inauguration
was the beginning Of new era, AZ we'll as
the inception OF a new government Indeed,
the chief novelty Of the new government
consisted not 80 much In Its form, for that
contained little that was new, but tho vital
application Of principles admitted down
70 that time, but generally ignored The
dacaratiou Of radical principles by which
the Dutch Of the Sixteenth century justified
their sanguinary struggle with Spain, and
the system Of political ethics professed BY the
English In their revolution Of the Seventeenth
osntury, received but little addition in the
Declaration Of Independence; but what the
Dutch and the English could not do by reason
Of their old environment, the Americans,
marvelousy favored BY sparse population
in an immense country, and the self reliance
0, pioneers. resolutely set themselves to make
PRACTICAL
The beginning Of the American republic
now stands forth an era far more>important
than that Of Magma Charta or the Petition Of
Rights Its centennial will, therefore, be
celebrated In New York city with all the en-
thusiasm OF the first Inauguration added to
the confidence born Of a hundred years. sue
cess President Harrison will arrive by the
same route, and will pass over the same scenes
In New Jersey as did President Washington.
He will embark in like manner at Elizabeth
port, N. j., and pass thence OIL government
dispatch boat to the. foot Of Wall street,
among the vessels Of all nations as Washing
ton did; will be formally welcomed by the
mayor and city officials, as Washington was;
will be received with the same salute, and
generally will observe the same routine
The Great Falls leader. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1888-1900, 1889-04-30

oath should be taken about noon, ana that
the president, chaplain and both houses Of
congress should proceed to St Pauls church
Immediately after the ceremony to hear
divine service.