davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
SAVE THE CHILDREN.
ltional Temperance Advocate.


National Temperance Advocate
The children of to-day are the hope of
the future. The best temperance work
of the present is being done by men and
women who as boys and girls were early
pledged to total abstinence and thor
oughly indoctrinated in fundamental
temperance truth. These are the men
and women who may be depended upon
to uphold everywhere the total absti-
| nence standard because of the evil in
vOlved in the use of intoxicating bever-
ages, and to lead in the crusade through
evil report, for the total suppression of
the drink traffic. These educated total
abstainers, whose education began, per-
haps, in some Juvenile temperance or
ganizatiOn in their early childhood, are
thoroughly equipped soldiers, ready in
the great conflict with the drink oil
garchy to do full duty in every emergen-
cy. Responsibility equally great for the
maintenance and advancement of the
temperance reform will in the near fu-
ture deyolve upon the children of to-
day.
Much very useful juvenile temperance
work is being done, but very much more
ought to be done. Multitudes of the
children of temperate, reputable parents,
who themselves pay little heed to the
temperance reform and know little of
it, are being brought up without any in
StructiOn.
On the night preceding our recent
Fourth of July holiday, fond of adven-
ture, three boys or young men in
their teens were out late to have a
'good time" After midnight one of
them, the son of widowed mother, a
member of a popular church and Sunday
school, was led home staggering, scream
ing drunk by another of the three, him.
self also much under the influence of
intoxicants. The third of the trio re-
turned to his home sober, but in sorrow
and disgust. He fortunately had signed
the total abstinence pledge, pledging
himself to abstain even from cider,
when he was eight years old. 1t is still
his safeguard, and without it's restrain
ing influence it is not unlikely that he
too would have gone home drunk. The
holiday over, the other two were heartily
ashamed of their escapade. But they
having yielded and fallen once, some
measure of self-respect is gone, and no
one can tell how soon they may be con-
fronted with and surrender to some new,
temptation. Without the to-
tai abstinence pledge they are as the
ship at sea without a rudder. Nor were
they of the poor, specially exposed class
of young people; they belong to what is
called ''good society,"" and the church Of
which one is member is popular and
but does little relatively for
the cause of temperance, nor does the
subject of temperance receive any con-
siderable attention in its Sabbath school.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
THOUGHT ODORS.

Not what we do, not what We say, speak for US
To fine souls here, or to the Throne of Light.
Though words and acts be fair, gods will abhOr us
And men distrust, if our hearts are not right
Our secret aim, our hidden wish or longing,
Our silent thoughts of men or worlds above
These are the telltale forces that come thrOnging
To point to us as ones to loathe or love.
Our thoughts are odors, and we cannot seal them
So close with actions but they will creep out;
And delicately fashioned souls will feel them,
And know them sweet or vile, beyond doubt.
Good deeds fall dead if selfish causes guide them,
Good words fall fiat that but from lips have birth;
And eloquent and noble seems, beside them,
The silence or inactiOn of true worth
Ella Wheeler Wilc0r.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
A VERY PLAUSIBLE STORY

From the Cincinnati Commereial-G Gazette.
A colored gentleman of Bedford coun-
ty Va, who collected 500 for a new
Baptist church, turns up defaulter,
and offers curious explanation. With
the money in his pocket he was caught
in rain storm and soaked to the skin.
Reaching home, he put the greenbacks
on plank to dry, when along comes
screaming wind and blows the money
away. Strange as it may seem, people
are disposed to doubt the gentleman's
story, but it is just as reasonable as
those of other defaulters who tell how
funds intrusted to their care have been
blown into this or that rat-hole scheme,
or blown away by the wild winds of le-
gitimate speculation.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
Is THIS TRUE

From the Cleveland Leader.
The Democratic party and the liquor
traffic have always been in alliance, and
the Democratic managers see chance
in Cincinnati to create disturbance that
may inure to their advantage. They have
invented campaign cry with that end
in view. 1t is Home rule and lower
taxes" This will be interpreted to the
saloon-keepers as meaning that in the
large cities, where the liquor interest is
powerful, the State law in regard to Sun
day closing will not be enforced if the
Democrats are successful in November,
and that the Dow law tax will be reduced.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.

Old woman described in the nursery bal
lad, who lived upon nothing but victuals
and drink" and yet "wOuld never
be quiet" was undoubtedly troubled
with chronic indigestion. Her ylctuals,
like those of many other elderly persons
whose digestive powers have become i'm
paired, did MT agree with her. This was
before the era of Hostetter's Stomach
Bitters, or some one of her numerous
friends and relatives would undoubtedly
have persuaded her to try the great spe
cifc for dyspepsia, constipation and bill
iousness. This would have been meas
ure of self-protection on their part, for
she would soon have been cured and
ceased to disturb them with her clamor.
The most obstinate cases Of Indigestion,
with it's attendant heartburn, tiatulence,
constant uneasiness of the stomach and
of the nerves, are completely overcome by
this sovereign remedy. Chills, fever and
bilious remittent, rheumatism and kidney
troubles are also relieved by it. 744t
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
PEACH PRESERVE.

The peach is the fruit for preserving.
Dried quickly with the skin on, they are
better than half the canned stuff, if they
are properly cooked in sugar till clear and
syrupy. A high favored white peach in
sugar syrup almost too thick to serve is
made by cooking the peach till clear in
syrup made with pound for pound of
sugar, and then boiling the syrup down
after the fruit is taken out The sweet
juice from the cracked stones of the
peaches add favor, and that is the kind
of preserve some people remember to the
end of life
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
HALVES AND QUARTERS.

Gamers and Grocers' Gazette.
1t is strange how long some men will
live without ever walking up to the per
ception of certain truths which to the
common mind seem self-evident.
An old bachelor, who was quite a wit,
lived alone in a very uncomfortable look
ing place, and his apartments were always
in great disorder.
"Why do MT you get married? said a
friend one day. "Then you would have
some one to fix up things here, and make
it look home like"
"The fact is We never thought of 1t,
said he, but it does look reasonable that
a better half would make better quarters.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

W.D. Suit, druggist, Bippus, Ind, tes-
titles: al can recommend Electric Bitters
as the very best remedy. Every bottle
sold has given relief in every case. One
man took six bottles, and was cured rheu-
matism of ten years standing" Abra-
ham Hare, druggist, Bellyille, o., aflirms:
"The best selling medicine | have ever
handled in my twenty years experience,
is Electric Bitters." Thousands of others
have added their testimony, so that the
ters do cure all diseases of the liver, kid
neys or blood. Only a half-dOllar bot
tie at Pattersons' drug store. 2
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
AMRER CREAM

Amber cream is an excellent, easily
prepared dessert-in favor when milk
and eggs are plentiful. Soak half box
of geletine in one quart of milk for ten
minutes. Let it come to boil and stir
in the yokes of six eggs, beaten, with
seven heaping teaspoons of powdered
sugar. Cook until it is like soft custard.
When it has been off the stove just five
minutes put in the beaten whites, flavor
and mould.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

News now comes across the water that
a wheat famine in Europe is among the
probabilities. What blessing it is to
them that they have the immense Amer
lean granaries to fall back upon in such
an emergency
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
EXACTLY.

Detroit Tribune.
Democrats were just as loyal as
the Republicans" shouts Bourbon
contemporary, in vigorous article ON
the late war. "NaRy Democrats" would
sound better Every Democrat was MT
rebel-no siree-but, by the great horn
spoon, every rebel was Democrat; now,
was MT he?
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
MASONIC DIRECTORY.

BELMONT LODGE, No IS, r. d A. M.-Meets
every Wednesday night, on or before full moon.
/ 4 MFYER Sec'y F. ID. BAILEY, W. NJ.
ST CLAIRSVILLE CHAPTER, No. II, Royal
Arch MdsOss STATED conVOcatiOns first Friday OF
each month. - ~
j. b. MEYER, Rec. r. d. bAILEA, III. n
BELMONT COUNCIL, No 81, r. d S. M
Meets second Tuesday of each month.
j. b. MEYER, Secy. j. b. RhAN, L. l. NJ
HOPE COMMANDER, No. 20, K T.-Stated
cOnclaves, first Tuesday of each month:
j. b. MEYER, Sec'y j. b. RYAN, l. u
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

PROMINENT citizens of Cincinnati have
organized a movement having for it's pur-
pose the annexation to the city of all of
Hamilton County.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE wool growers know what they
need in the way of protection and they
recognize the fact that they are getting it
under this administration. That effect
ualIy answers the nonsensical Bourbon
cry about free wool rulings.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE way to get even quickly with the
coffee combination is to quit buying for
few weeks. The conspirators are easily
scared. They are standing on ground
that is hollow. Burst the conspiracy.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE Petty gas well at Cadiz, O., which
had a daily capacity of 100000 feet,
was torpedoed Wednesday and flow of
oil struck that indicates 40-barrel well,
besides an increase in gas.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE way to smash the whisky trust is
to abolish the internal revenue tax. The
only argument against this is mere SEN
timent on the one side and free trade on
the other
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

IT is reported that Attorney General
Miller has reported to the President ad
versely on the application of E. L. Har-
per for pardon. 1t is WELL
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
TO INSURE QUICK DELIVERY

Fliegende Bletter.
"But, Johnny, how could it take you
so long to post the letter for uncle in the
postofiice "Oh, | did not go to the
postofiice at all, mamma, but to the letter
box just in front of his house, so that he
would get it sooner.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
Established in 1S1 3.
CHURCH DIRECTORY.

cRESBYTERIAN CHURCH-Rey. X. Alex
ander, pastor. Public Worship every Sabbath
morning and evening; Sabbath school 9 30 "a m. /;
Young peoples society of Christian endeavor, Mon
day evenings; general prayer meeting, "Wednesday
evening Strangers welcome TO all services
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH-Rey.
ri HOllingshead pastor. Sabbath preaching, IL
an: D. m; young peoples meeting, Monday
evenings; general prayer meeting, Ihursday eve
lings: mems meeting, Friday evenings; sabbath
school 80 pm. Strangers cordially invited to all
ervices.
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHU RCH-heV
rho1nas Balph. pastor Sabbath school, 10 a. IN.
public worship, IL a. M. weekly prayer meetlng,
Friday p. m monthly prayer meeting, last Satur-
day of each month, p. m; woman missionary
sIciety. last Saturday Of each month, p; m dis
trict PRAYER meetings, first Tuesdays, Wednesdays,
THURSDAYS and Saturdays each month, p m;
Young Women's prayer meeting, second Saturday
each month at the parsonage, p. m
AFRICANM. E. .CHURCH-Rey ). M wilkes,
hath school. 2:SO D. m.; weekly prayer meeting,
Thursday evenings Strangers welcome.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE free traders greatest concern is
the cost of the workingman's dinner pail.
The protectionist does not care half so
much about that as he does about the
contents of the dinner pail. The protec-
zionist is determined that the pail shall
be filled with the best the land affords.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE indications now are that there
will be tremendous corn crop in the
United States this year.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

EARLIER predictions of fine wheat
crop in the Northwest have been borne
out by the facts.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE Auditor of State reports 1902 sa-
looms in Ohio, paying tax of 81, 1,l6O,-
145.06.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
C,ADIz
NURSERIES.

We sincerely thank our customers who have so
generously patrOniZed us in former years for your
kind favOrs. We give our attention wholly to the
Nursery business. Aided with thirty years eX-
perience in the business, customers may rely upon
receiving the benefit of our large experience
greatest care being taken to have everything true
to name Our grounds are open and free to all
visitors.
Our stock for spring is the largest we have had
since we have been in the county.
Consisting of 10000 Apples, 3 and years, of all
the best old kinds. Also, Lawyer York, Imperial
PawakOe, Walbridge Manu. Hyde'S Keeper, Stark,
Landlord, Mcintosh Red, Sutton Beauty Wealthy
Clermont, Yellow, Transparent, and many others.
Apricot, Vines and ornamental stock. We guar
antee satisfaction on all sales. We have fruited
Others in our eXperimentai Grounds T 0Sp r Trees
are healthy and free from insect disease. Price
about One-half what you pay to foreign agents.
Come and see us, or address
27-2m j. MORRISON, Cadiz, Ohio.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

THE Constitutional Reform Associa-
tion, whose chief aim is to secure the re-
cognition of God in the Constitution of
the United States, will be encouraged to
renewed efforts in that direction by the
action of the Constitutional Convention
of Washington Territory in placing in
the preamble to the organic law recog-
milton of God as the Supreme Ruler.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

SIR PERCY SHELLY, the son of the
poet, is said to be seriously ill. He has
no son, and at his death the title will be-
come extinct.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

QUIT using coffee for time. That is
the way to burst the swindle.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
A WOMAN'S DISCOVERY.

"Another wonderful discovery has been
made, and that too by a lady in this
country. Disease fastened its clutches
upon her, and for seven years she with
stood its severest tests, but her vital or
gans were undermined and death seemed
imminent. For three months she coughed
necessarily and could not sleep; she bot
of us bottle of DR.. Kings New Discov-
cry for Consumption, and was so much
relieved on taking first dose that she slept
all night, and with one bottle has been
miraculously cured. Her name is Mrs.
Luther Lutz" Thus writes w. G. Ham
rick & Co., of Shelby, N. c.. Get a free
trial bottle at Pattersons' drug store.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
DELMONT COUNTY DIRECTORY

Common Pleas Judge-JOhn B. briggs.
Probate Judge-Isaac II. CASTOR.
Clerk of COurtS-William b. CASH
Sberjff-OliVer E. FOulke.
AudtOr-R r. Barrett
Treasurer-GeOrge Robinson.
Prosecuting AttOrney-JesSe w. HOlllngWorth.
RecOrder7JOhn NJ. Beckett.
Commissioners Morris Cope, William J. Berry,
John c. Israel
SuryeyOr-Chalkley Dawson.
COrOner-A. M. f. Boyd.
Infjrmary Directors = Burget McCOnnaughy,
president; William Lodge, clerk; Johh A Clark,
auditor.
Superintendent nfirmary John Sidebottom,
East Richland.
Superintendent ChiIdren's HOme-Peter Giffin,
Barnesville.
School Examiners H. Waters, st. Clairsville;
H. L. Peck, Barnesyille; S. c. Murphy, Oliyett.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

JOHN G. WHITTIER is spending the
summer at Conway, N. H.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

SMASH one or two big trusts, and the
rest will go quickly.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

A STRIKE has begun in the Connells-
vile coke region.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

nHHTmN WANTED. S25 week and ex-
MIX NVN penses paid Steady work New
HuHN / ID goods. Samples free. j. F.
HILL & CO., Augusta, Maine,
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

MEN and women prematurely gray and
whose hair was falling, are enthusiastic
in praising Halls Hair Renewer for re-
storing the color and preventing badness.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
THE SUNDAY SCHOOL.
LESSON FOR AUGUST ELEyNETH.
from the New York Independent.

SAMUEL'S FAREWELL ADDRESS. SAM.
Xii, 1-l5.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08

GOLD has been discovered near Arrow
Rock, Mo.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
GRATEFUL-COMFORTlNG,
EPPS'S COCOA.

BREAKF FASI
"By a thorough knowledge of the natural laws
which govern the operations of digestion and nu-
triton, and by a careful application of the fine
properties of well-selected Cocoa, Mr.. EppS has
provided our breakfast tables with a delicateIy
Favored beverage which may save us many heavy
doctors bills. 1t is by the judiciOuS use of such
y built up until strong enough to resist every ten
dency to disease. Hundreds of subtle ma1adies
are floating around us ready to attack wherever
there is weak point. We may escape many
fatal shaft by keeling ourselves well fortified with
pure blood and a properly nOurshed frame. y
CiUu Seruice Gazette. Made simply with boiling
water or milk. Sold only in half-pOund tins by
gr0cers, labeled thus:
JAMES EPPS & CO., Homeopathic Chemists,
London, England.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1889-08-08
SMASH the Sugar Trust.

Down with the internal revenue sys
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1889-11-08
Hl.ttasl.l.

Assy II. : was osS g by the
The art ofmakinaSia Taper from cotton
rags was not introtned till about the
close Of the Eleven, itentury.
Greece wasa nanok Almost unknown
tby the people whoanwe call Greeks,
and vas never Gu1 by them to dc
scribe their country It was first
adopted by the Roma IS. from whom
1t has descended to us
Between the secontwar with Eng
land and the, Misscui compromise,
five new states were Omitted to the
United States of Anrica: Indiana,
1915; Mississippi, 1871; Illinois. 1918;
Alabama, 1919; Maine 1920.
Tho first railway IL tho United
States was but two zlilcs long and
was used only for l1fing stone. The
cars were drawn '.ybrses. The first
passenger train in !mcrica was rul,
on the Baltimore &)hio railroad in
1880.
The fuclsia was frs known in Eng.
land 100 years ago. he first plant is
said to lave been bought home to
Wrapping by yong sailor from
South America. who gave it to his
mother, from whom j was bought by
nnrseryplan and sool disseminated.
The kingdom Of Spin was formed
by the union Of Castle and Aragon,
by the marriage of ferdinand and
Isabella, and IN A. D. l491, Granada,
the last of the Mohanlnedan posses.
sions. was wrested from the Moors by
e ferdinand and 1sabs.,i Boston Bud.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1889-11-08
Mortgage Sale.

Wv md interest due March END, a. D., Iss,
default has been madc in the conditions of Ger
Brown. Jr., Morgasor. 10 The New England
Mortgage Security Company, Morgagee: dated
e Inc 9d day OF March, A ss4 hn dpl
deeds in and for the county of Psmbna. naEots
Territory. on the 10th day Of May. 1884, Mt S:i0
O'clock u. IN. in book of mortgages, on page
virtue of the power in said mortgage contained
the whole sum Of money secured thereby was on
the asnd day ofMarcl,. A. D., 1889. due and pay
the date Of this notice. the sum Of $500, principal
now due and unpaid, and the further sum Of $S5
interest now due and unpaid, making the full
sum and amount of S5!5 claimed to be due ut the
date OF this notice. and no action or proceeding
at law or in equity has been instituted to recover
the same or any part thereof. .'..',i
Now therefore notice IL hereby given that by
virtue of the power of sale contained in and re-.
corded with the said mortgage and Of the sta
tutes in such case made and provided, the said
mortgnge will be fo'ccosed by sule Of the
front door Of the court house in the city Of Penn
bina, in the county of Pembina, D. r.. at public
SucIlon py TIE sheriff Of snid county Of Pelnbins
4 9e ~ als deputy s on saa,,day the 10th day
noon, TO safety the amount which will then be
due on said mortgage. and the costs and expens.
es OF sale together with $50 attorneys fees rti.
phmtea IN said mortgage. The premises de.
scribcd in sad mortgage and 20 to be sold are
the certain tract or parcel of reai estate situated
kola, described us follows, towit: The eust
holf of he northeast quarter and the east half of
the southeast quarter Of section twenty -rexen (
low. tosWIsnp one hundred and sixty eno( 6D range
sixty 1G0) acres. -.
Dated Grand Forks, .. r.. .,ct. 10TH. lSsa.
iliE NE" ESGLAHD MoRrG AGE oEc,iniTY "a.
n.x,.s r,r,. Mortgagee
1919 Attorneys for Mortgage.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1889-11-08
Thr.. Parrot Stories.

There is much difference in opinion
as to whether O parrot merely initiates
or whether it be possessed Of reason.
Sure the parrot that keeps jabbering
pretty polly" does neE seem endowed
with much brain, buf. what must be
sa St eown aee o %R a Wss,a
ing to voucl for tho truth pure and
unvarnished.
A lady owned a handsome parrot,
and leaving New Orleans one summer
she gave her pet to friends care.
Polly soon became Mt home in its new
quarters! would bow its head to its
new mistress, and say In softest tones
That's it, rub pollys head 30, so, dar.
ling, rub polly's head" That was
initiative. What is thisf Ono day its
mistress was eating plums. Polly was
near; looking up the lady laughed
and said: "Aha. polly, have pfums
Il don't care" said polly. Il don't
want amy, anyhow
a parrot belonging to q dear friend
OF the writer was very much an
noyed by the pigeons, who would en-.
ter his cage every morning as soon as
he left it and devour tho remnants of
his breakfast. A bright thought, so it
seems. came to polly. One day as he
left his cage for his morning walk he
turned and shut the door If his cage
and then gavo defiant look at the
maraudcr pigeons. This he always
did aftcrward, and SO saved his break.
fast.
Still another parrot story, also true:
family which was very religious. The
bird was accustomed to hearing daily
prayers and verses Of Scripture. One
day, after a severe illness, in spite of
care and attention, the parrot died.
Its last words were: "The Lord be with
you!'-New Orleans Picayunc.