Barbour County index. [volume] (Medicine Lodge, Kan.) 1880-current, 1889-01-30

Guns Used IN the United States
and Foreign Lands.
Fortunes Made by the Inventors OF the
HOtchkiss, Maxim, Calling and Other
Bullet-Speeders-Indiv and
Collective Fire.

HOtchkiss, Maxim, Calling and Other
Bullet-Speeders-Intivi and
Collective Fire.
OF all nations Americans have paid most
attention to the science of accurate indiyid-
ual shooting with rife, says the Chicago
Herald. By individual shooting is meant an
independent fire, in which each rife is di-
rected on different object, the range and
elevation being either judged by the soldier
himself or given him personally by his off,
GERS.
Before the Franco-German war of 1S7O-'7l
the universal idea was that the individual
skill of an average shot with his rifle was
the measure OF the efficacy of the fire Of the
masses. Individual fire is the fire of indi-
vidual men when left to their own initia-
tive; that is to say, it is the fire of men
freed from all control, and therefore free
to choose their object, their elevation, and
regulate their own consumption of ammu-
milton, while collective fire is the regulated,
II not simultaneous, action of a number of
rifles against named objective, in obe-
dlence to the will of single mantle off,
Ger in command. In the first case the fire
Is left to the initiative of the individual
man, whence its name of ''individnal'' fire,
and in the second case it is placed in the
hands Of a leader.
There is a good deal of individuality
about Americans. One of the objects of
this writing is to show how much other ma
tons are indebted to Yankee Doodle for the
rifles with which their soldiers are armed /;
another end Is to correct q popular belief
that our Springfield rife is inferior to the
brcech-loaders of foreign armies, and that
more attention is paid abroad to rifles and
to rifle instruction than In America It is
pertinent to here give list of breech-load-
ing arms in use by the principal nations of
the world: also those that are being expert
mented upon with a view to their adoption
for military uses Where two or more
weapons are named in the list the last men
toned is the one likeliest to be used in the
future until better weapon takes its
place:
Afghanistan-Martin Henry. Argentine Re-
public-Remington Austria-Werndi, Wanzl
Fortelka, Jurmitschek, Schulhoff, Salvatore
Petry-Buchmueller Manicher model 1881 Ba-
varia-Podewlls, Werder. Belglum-Albini-
Brnendin, Nyant, Mont-S Dohet Engh
Manlicher (model 1889. Brazil-Comblain.
Chili-Kropats chek. China-Snider. Hotoh-
kiss, Remington. Observation-Disclosures. Den
k-Wadsen-Rasmussen, Remington, Lee
Lee-Hebler. Egypt-Remington. France
Delvigne. MIME, Chat 1lerault Chalons,
Pralon. Tabattier, Ems, Flechter, Gras (model
1874 Chassepot, Tramond-LeboI, Kropatschek
Lebel. e-many-Dreyse-needle (model 1854
'66), Mauser (model 1S71'SD. Great Britain
Peabody, Enfield, Snider, Martini-Henry, Bur-
ton-Lee, Lee-Remington. Greece - Gras
(model 1870. Holland-Chassepot, Beaumont
(modifed), Vital. Hungary - Nordenfeldt
Manlicher (model 1885,. Italy-Vetterli, Eitali-
VetterlI Gel Freddl (recoiD, Pieri (recoiD
India-Snider, Martini-Henry. Japan-Murata
Madagascar-Sn der, Remington. Mexico
Lee. Montenegro - Dreyse-needle, Kenka
IarU
Chassepot. Poru - Beaumont (modified)
Portugal -Kropatschek. Russia-Cos.
sack, Karle- Krenk, Fosberry. Berdan (model
1ST1), Evans tnavyl Mossin, Keene- Remington
Servia - Peabody-Grun. Sweden Jcrman,
Remington. Spain - Remington Switzer-
land-Fedeval, Feisz, Martini, Vetterli Heb
Ter, Rubin. Turkey-PeabodV, Martini Henry,
Mauser. United States-Springfeld. Hotch.
kiss, ChafIee-Rece. Uruguay-Remington.
OF the machine recoil guns the Maxim
and the Paulson are the best known Hiram
Maxim is an American. His automatic ma
chine gun will fire 600 shots per mini ,te
and may be termed secondary battery
England has paid this fortunate inventor
$S5O,OO0 for his last production In Austria
this Yankee mitrailleuse has been fired
400 times in Al seconds, and the gun has
been adopted for the whole of the Austro-
Hungarian infantry, as well as for fortifca-
pleted an arrangement with Herr Krupp,
of Essen, by which the latter acquires the
exclusive right for twenty years of manu-
featuring these guns in Germany The
company has swallowed up the Nordenfedt
Company. Some trials have recently been
made with the Maxim gun near Vienna in
the presence of the Archduke William. The
inventor fired at a distance of 600 PAGES.
marking his name on target in enormous
letters In less time than it would take him
to write it on paper. In four seconds the
colossal letters forming his name were
clearly legible. Three men serving the gun
would be able to NOW down three battal-
ions The Maxim gun shoots steelcased
bullets; that Is, bullets whose core is lead,
but which are sheathed in steel. An ex-
hibition of the working of this gun was
given at the Washington navy yard last
winter. 1t carries the same calibered bull
let that the Springfield rife does. The
Illinois National Guard is armed with the
Springfield rife, calber As
Twenty years ago Benjamin Hotchkiss, a
poor man, then resident of Bridgeport,
Conn, invented machine gun. He estab-
lished a mandatory in Paris. In 1886 his
individual profits We're 1895, 900 He left an
estate worth So, 100000. The Hotchkiss rife
is made by the Winchester Arms Company
a New Haven, Conn, and is used in China
The vast fortune acquired by the inventor
was mainly through the machine gun. The
Hotchkiss magazine rifle has been on trial
in the United States army six years.
The English company for the manufact-
ure Of DR.. Richard j. Cuttings gun is
stocked at 100000, and the British Gov
eminent has bought the right to construct
the gun, with all past and present improve
ments, in Europe DR.. Calling Is an Ameri-
can, and his works are located near Ches-
ter, Pa. This gun has attained high
angle range of twelve miles. This is one
OF the most marvellous results yet attained
In gunnery. 1t is one of the few machine
guns that has been tested, and not found
wanting, in actual war 1t is said that
Messrs. E. II. Carmick and Charles Come
have acquired patent rights for the con-
struction of this gun in France.
Another American invention is the Gard
ner two-barrel, caliber 45 battery gun. II
was tested by United States ordnance off,
GERS at Sandy Hook, N. j., as long ago as
October, 1879, at ranges varying from 200 to
1000 yards. Five hundred shots were fired
from it by Mr.. Saunders in one minute and
seventeen seconds. 1t is under trial in for.
eign countries.
QUEEN OF SCARECROWS.