davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1889-08-29

Baltimore American: A good oyster
crop is promised. There is one cons o.
latfon; 1t cannot be ruined by floods.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1889-08-29

NINE months solitary confinement,
during which time no words will
break the silence which surrounds
Mrs. Maybrick in her cell, nor word
of news from the world without be
permitted to reach, is the beginning
of her sentence. 1t is sincerely to be
hoped that the prostration which has
Overtaken the poor woman will carry
her speedily into the Inconsistencies
of the grave. Death comes kindly to
those whom human ingenuity has
thus conspired to torture.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1889-08-29

THE man who says that every one
knows there was transportation
enough for all who wished to attend
the San Antonio Fair and exposition
last year has discovered what has
hitherto been hidden from all who
attempted to make the journey.
Plenty of transportation from the
Arkansas Pass depot but none from the
plazas to the depot at all adequate to
the demand of the small crowds that
attempted it. The problem is a sim
ple-If the street car transportation
of last fall was inadequate to a wet
weather crowd of five thousand, how
can it avail this fall for a dry wealth.
or crowd of fifteen or twenty thous
and? The stockholders will cOnsid
er these things next Monday,
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1889-08-29
--eH Al 30 . co.'s 90 sls 90 $50 90 s54 90

Legal advertisements 81 90 per incn hrst IN
.artion rs cents per inch each subsequent lnser-
,,on Trustees sales 81 copper inch first lnser-
+ion. q cents each insertion Afterwards.
Reading matter, editorial page % cents per
ina zach insertion Local columns 20 cents nrs'
-,s.rtion. 10 cents first week centsl after nrst
week. Special rates on 50 and 100 lines running
or 8 month.
Home advertisements payable on the nrst1 OF
ZACH month. Transient advertising payable IN
advance. Only metal cuts printed.
special rates given on larger space anu LONG
.;,rs advertisements. Discount given Tor caSh.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1889-08-29

g- All contracts or bills must be appro'eu oS
N. Secretary and Manager.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1889-08-29

Announcements for State and County officers
zen Dollars in advance.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05

mer has to support other sinecure and
worthless State enterprises which r
parasitical of that industry upon which
every other industry rests-agrlcul-
ture.
: The farmers Legislature, since its
first sitting, has confronted some OF
the most important questions OF State
policy. We are anxious about one OF
them in particular-the Railroad Com
mission. + = + The matter also
of placing the pe~nitentiary on a pay
ing basis is not unimportant. Ii the
annual deficit of $50, 900 continues
many years longer the whole thing
must needs be abolished or a special
tax levied for it's relief. Then comes
such bills as the educational bill, by
which the normal schools are to be
abolished; the abolition Or modifca-
ton of the homestead law, which has
proved so ruinous to the people, espe-
cially in the cotton sections; the pen
sion bill, which provides for the dis
abled Confederate veterans; the bill
for the establishment of a training
school, and many others of more or
less Importance. How they will sue
coed, in the face of a depleted treasury
and a startling shortage in the States
accounts, remain to be seen.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
THE LEGISLATURE.

Mr.. EDTToR:-I have been reading
your excellent paper, together with
the other Raleigh papers, closely ince
our Legislature convened, whose SEES
sion is now half over, and | like the
way you lay it on pretty well. But
considering every bill, motion, resoluS
ton and vote, I have about come to,
the conclusion that the farmers are
again hoodwinked, and will have noth\
ing done for them by the present
members except to have their taxes
increased about SO per cent, when In
our Strengthened circumstances they
ought to be reduced, Notice several
bills to take the tax entirely off of
certain classes and if they do, and
create the new Offices and expenses
already initiated, l do not see where
the money is to come from. The
farmers cannot foot the bills and re-
tain a homestead. No wonder there
is such a movement among our younger
people to leave North Carolina. But
that Railroad Commission Did you
you ever hear of such a rush for Office,
even before it is created, and the more
enthusiastic say that the Offices should
not go to any but the demagogues
who did the extra gassing. l thought
it was the Alliance that showed the
necessity of and demanded the Com
mission. The demagogues have always
been afraid to tackle it, but now they
are like the man who run to the sec
ond story of his house and left his
wife to kill the bear. After it was
done by her, he could tell with a good
deal of flourish to his neighbors how
he killed it. Neither he nor they
killed this one, but the Alliance;
hence, if there is any credit attached to
it they ought to have it. But if it is
to be made a political machine to re-
ward gassers (who oftener than other
wise drive votes out of the party then
l think the Alliance should oppose it
on that ground. Then they want
princely salaries, $4,000 or 81, 900
each a year, and that, too, when they
could not find honest employment for
themselves in its duties of more than
two months in the year. But they
say the farmers have nothing to do
with the railroad. They don't, eh 1t
is the farmer who furnishes and pays
for about seven-eights of all the freight
though he does it indirectly through
the merchants and others.
If the men who foot the bills are
not interested parties, pray tell me
who ought to be
Fraternally,
Practical FARMER.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
TIE
The Backbone Of the Country

It is q conceded fact in the minds of every bua-
ness man that the commercial status of every COM
country in fact. so much 40 that should i'll fortune
visit the fields of our never ceasing toilers, then the
merchants of our city would be forced to retreat
9 the farmers. IS whom / consider the backbone Of
every community, from every impeachment that IL
likely to retard their progress.
Mr. /. @. BaoWelI. having removed his stock OF
Caskefs. COINS. Burial Robes and everything in
the Undertaking line, to the corner of East Martia
and South Blount sts; L. fully prepared to accom-
with fine necessary equipments to give entire salts
faction. The most careful attention given to all
orders at day or night.
man of untirfng energy, and should you need any.
thing in the Undertaker's line, visit his place OF
and full satisfaction viii be extended in a most
pentlemanlY manner.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
THE NATIONAL DEPARTMENT
OF AGRICULTURE.

The President has signed the bill
creating the Department of Agricul-
ture and making the Secretary of
Agriculture a cabinet minister. This
tardy action of Congress in passing
and the President in approving has
been forced by the persistent efforts
of the agricultural organizations of
the country. 1t was met in every
stage by objections of all kinds. 1t
was unconstitutional, it was class leg
islation, it was unnecessary, it would
be a useless expense, it was a danger
Gus extension of Federal interference
and jurisdiction, and many other
things were urged against it. But the
farmers organizations throughout the
country became at last practically
united in the demand for it's adoption,
and now it is ar accomplished fact.
It's opponents still assert that it will
be unproductive of any beneficial re-
suits, either to the agriculturists or to
the country. In this they are in error.
The very fact that it has passed, the
very fact that a government depart
ment has been created with a view to
further the interests of the agricultu-
rists, calls the attention of the farm
ers throughout the land to the idea
that they have interests which ought
to be attended to by somebody. 1t
will do more. 1t will keep those
questions prominently before the pub
lie, arouse discussion, investigation
and study thereon, until they are fully
understood and acted upon intelli-
gently. The benefits to result will
depend to a certain extent upon the
ability, aptitude and energy of the
appointee to the place, but far more
upon the efforts of the farmers them
selves. A Secretary of Agriculture
will be of little use, no matter what
his legislative recommendations, unless
those recommendations are supported
by intelligent public opinion, Were
there not only a Secretary of Agri-
culture, but a Congress of Agricultu-
rists, it would be of little avail unless
they knew what was necessary to pro-
mote the best interests of the pro-
ducers. In other words, the farmers
of the country must know what they
want in the way of reform before they
can obtain it. They must clearly see
why they want it before they a
create public opinion in favor of it.
1t will not do to depend on a Secre-
tary of Agriculture to push their in
t~erests; it will not do to depend on Leg
latures or on Congress to enact good
laws, until they themselves are able
to demonstrate the necessity and i'm
portance of such measures. Until
they can do this, the Department of
Agriculture will be more ornamental
than useful.-Souh West.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05

The other day l got a copy of the
Hillsboro Gazette. On the first page
there were eleven farms advertised at
sherif's sales, the mortgages being
f~oreclosed. We wish to hear from
you. CRATE PAvEY."
There is a strange and distressing
uniformity about these reports. Con-
corning the situation in the Southern
States we have spoken from time to
time. In this issue we give a letter
from Foxhall and one from }. b.
Alexander. Foxhall thinks if the
farmer will practice self-denial and
learn to do without the comforts,
combining himself to the simple neces-
sites of life, he may still retain the
privilege of cultivating the ground
that others may live by the sweat of
his brow.
True, but why should the farmer
be condemned to practice self-denial
that even day laborers in cities know
nothing about? There r two ways
of living within ones income. One
is to reduce expenses; the other is to
increase your profits.
Mr.. Alexander names farmers who
are raising profitable crops, and we
doubt not there are thousands who
a vastly improve their methods, and
so add to their incomes.
On the other hand, we insist that
existing laws mainly Cypress the agri
cultural classes.
= We agree with Foxhall, that when
a farmer, or any other man, cannot
afford the good things of life that he
ought to do without them.
But we also declare that the farmer
labors hard enough to secure these
good things, and that it is an outrage
to force him to pay so much for the
necessities of life that he has nothing
to spare for the contradictions and
Form.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
A GOVERNOR AND THE LABOR
ING MAN.

The serious attention of the law
making power is justly due to the
needs of that large and respectable
class of Jul fellow-citizens who labor
for wages with hands. The happiness
and prosperity of these who do the
worlds daily toll are a paramount
object of government, for on their
contentment and faith in government
largely rest the stability of our social
order and the safety of property and
life A free government, based on
manhood suffrage, can of all others
least afford to ignore the rights or
hinder the just ambitions of It's hum
blest citizens, and when in any coun-
try law, from it's highest function of
being a shield to protect, falls to the
Office of a weapon in the hands of
corporate wealth to strike down the
of labor, the true ends of gov
eminent are subverted, and popular
discomfort is fully justified. No longer,
at least in free America, can the
laborer be dealt with as an insensate
tool, or a convenient beast of burden,
but as a man created in the image of
God, with not only a stomach to feed,
but a soul with hopes and aspiration
to be satisfied. He is a man equal
and a brother, whose reverence for
law cannot be impaired without in
definite danger to the State. When
the State fails in it's duty to the labor
ing man, sensible that injustice has
been done him, he becomes discon-
tented and restless, not unfrequently
to be misled by jealous friends upon
the one hand, or imposed upon by
and intriguing politicians on
the other; and in either event, injury
is done alike to the individual and the
State.-Message Of Governor Fter, Of
Illinois.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
RAISE THE BEST.

There is always a demand for the
best in all lines of productions, There
is no exception in the case of pro-
ducts of the farm. 1t costs no more
to feed well bred sheep, hogs OF cattle
than ill-bred ones, but the former will
sell at good prices, while the latter are
left an expense on the owners hands,
or are sacrificed at a loss to be got rid
of. There are certain butter-makers
in every market whose products are
eagerly sought for and sold above the
market price before they re offered,
because they are known to make the
best and offer for sale nothing that is
not irst-class. Nowadays everything
is classified according to value. If
there is a surplus on the market the
best is taken, the poorest left; if the
market is scarce, the best commands
any reasonableprice, the inferior.goods
sell for much less. Why, then, do
not our farmers aim to produce every
thing of the best quality. Many of
them are actuated by the spirit to
make the most of their opportunities,
but there are many others who seem
to think that what was good enough
for their fathers must be good enough
for them. So it would be, if their
were not improving and
thus raising the general standard of
excellence. What was considered
good enough fifty years ago will not
stand the test now. AS long as the
prices are paid for the best,
the most enterprising farmers will
spare neither pains nor expense to
produce the best, and if their
do not exert them
to keep up they soon will
find themselves lamentably in the
background. Our farmers must keep
abreast of the times. They must think;
they must read; they must study;
they must experiment; they must
exert their minds to the fullest extent
to drag out from mother earth her
secrets of fertility. Let them do it,
and she will reward them with fertile
fields and good crops in abundance,
and they will enjoy the richest bless
of the most satisfying and noblest
occupation on earth. D. n. KERN.
Shimersville, Lehigh Co., Pa.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
CULTIVATION OF THE ONION
CROP.

It is usual to get the onion crop in
as soon as the frost leaves the ground,
and it is not unusual to have the seeds
or sets planted as early as March. No
crop demands more careful prepare
ton of the soil than the onion, as the
most laborious period is when it is in
it's first stages of growth. The crop
not only requires very rich soil, but
must be kept free from weeds. It is
not a summer crop, as it delights In
a cool season, and frosts do but little
if any damage to the plants in this
section. The best location for onions
is a piece of ground that has been
heavily MANFRED the year previous.
A poultry yard in which large focks
have been kept answer well, and the
soil should be mellow, SO as to admit
of easy cultivation.
In the North the crop is grown from
seed the first year, the red varieties
being preferred, but the gardeners
and truckers in this latitude grow
their crops from onion sets, which
are produced by sowing the seed very
thickly in the rows and on moderately
fertile soil. After the tops die down
the sets are stored in thin layers in a
cool place to be planted the next
spring. The white silver-skin and
yellow Danvers varieties are consid-
cred the best varieties, but the potato
onion, which grows in punches from
a single seed, is the earliest for table
use, but it is not now extensively
grown. To get them in early is to
escape weeds, which entail hand-weed-
ing, but as the onion is a gross feeder
it delights in any kind Of manure and
good cultivation. The set-s are slimly
planted in rows about three inches
apart, by lightly sticking them in the
ground, though the truckers plant
acres of them by covering them com
pletely in rows, in order to save labor.
The maggot is al enemy that gives
trouble, and is not easily subdued, but
where the crop is grown on new beds,
instead of on the same location every
year, as was formerly the practice,
the depredations of the maggot have
been greatly reduced. The onion bed
should receive only fine, w~ell-rotted
manure, free from any kind of litter,
and we'll incorporated into the soil,
which should be worked over until
not a clod can be found, for upon the
thorough preparation of the soil de-
pend the yield of the crop, which
may range anywhere from 100 to 600
bushels per acre, according to the soil
and management. The crop is a pay
ing one, as the supply is seldom equal
to the demand.-Phazadelphas Record.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
"THE PALACE"
From Wilmington Star.

So the Jumbo at Raleigh is to be
cared for. 1t seems to be the "sacred
White Elephant" In other words, a
committee has reported favorably for
the completion of the Governors house
or palace or barracks. 1t looks more
like the latter. By the way, it would
make a good armory for the State
Guard. Or it might be sold for a
mandatory of small arms. 1t might,
with some changes, do for a cotton
factory. 1t might be sold at a profit,
AS it is, it remains simply an ugly
elephant with an increasing appetite.
The al who has to occupy it upon a
$4,000 salary, unless he goes in with
a full pocket, will come out a pauper
and should be sent to the home pro-
vided by a generous and grateful peo-
pie for impecunious and clean-handed
servants broken by the storm
of fate.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
A WORD TO

Why do we hear SO much on the
subject of deterioration Of Virgins
and North Carolina tobaccos? In a
large measure this deterioration might
be applied to the man and not to the
land. We seek no discussion on this
subject, but our desire is to stir up
the farmer to his best interest. Many
of our farmers plant the same land
in tobacco year after year, and the
consequence is they completely ex-
haust the chemical properties of the
land for making fine tobacco. Land,
like man or beast, must have rest, to
give them vigor. The farmer must
rest his land or he will labor in vain,
No man can long succeed in farming
that does not either rotate his crop
or rest his land. Tobacco is a crop
that requires very thorough cultiva-
ton if you make it a success. 1t must
be so thoroughly cultivated as to de-
stroy all the roots Of grass or weeds
that the land contains, if you make
the tobacco crop a success. The de-
composition of vegetable matter in
your soil is what you need to make a
crop of fine tobacco and without
which you will never succeed in max
ing a fine crop of tobacco, but bear in
mind that one crop Of tobacco, if well
worked, well nigh exhausts or de-
pletes it SO that it is not so well
adapted to the growth of another fine
crop of tobacco, although you may
occasionally partially succeed the
second year, but it is wrong ever to
attempt it. Alternate your crops or
let your land rest. The tobacco crop
must follow some crop that leaves the
land we'll filed with roots, well turfed
or have a heavy coat of vegetable
matter turned under the fall before
the tobacco crop is to be planted the
following spring. That is to say, that
a superabundance of vegetable matter
must go into the land and vegetable
matter must be very far advanced in
decomposition when the tobacco is
planted, and very nearly the same
results may be reached by various
modes, but in all my experience I have
found no system to act so well as to
have your tobacco crop to follow a
well decomposed turf. You will
always find better results from the
fertilizers you use, whether lime, COM
post or any other kind, it will bring
you profitable results, provided you
give it proper attention. A mans
profit is owing in a large measure to
good management. 1 have neither
the time nor space in this article to go
into details, but may at some time
hereafter allude to this subject again,
and give you my views more in detail.
Plant.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05
THE FARMERS LEGISLATURE.
From the High Point Enterprise.
Practical FARMEE

y From the High Point Enterprise.l
The present Legislature finds itself
amidst fires. 1t is composed of farm
ers. The power of the Farmers ALI
ance is felt there. Most of the pro-
fessional politicians are hufed at this,
and from all sides are being poured
out vial of criticisms against the plow-
men. We do not remember ever to
have known a Legislature that mas
been more criticised. + = + They,
so far, have shown themselves to be
possessed of that genuine North Car
DINA virtue-conservatism. All that
the politician and demagogue has said
has not hurried them into unwise leg
islation. While Democratic, the pres
ent Legislature is more largely in
fuenced by an unpolitical paper than
by any other. This paper is The Pro
GREssIvE FARMER, the most largely
circulated periodical in the State.
While only in it's third year, it goes
to more than 10000 subscribers.
Never before in the history of the
State has there been such remarkable
journalistic growth. 1t is being rapidly
improved, and, we doubt not will, be-
fore it doubles its age, have 25, 900
names on its books. And what does
all this prove? 1t proves the deeply
rooted conviction, on the part of the
farmers, that there is no good cause
why they should not see to it, hence
forth, that they r properly repre-
-sented In the government. No greater
misfortune could overtake our COM
monwealth than the establishment of
.elass-rule. Our first American docu
ment delared every man to be free
and equal. 1t is the genius of gov
sernment that every respectable citizen
has a fair chance at governmental
honers. When that is destroyed our
keystone is removed. But we do not
Q that any action of the present Leg
islature warrants any fear. They in
sist only ON their rights. There has
been no revolution. Only a sugges-
ton The farmer has shown his
power by sending to Raleigh his
O1O6AOI III GH0 u0IuS, duU III GudG 1dCG
lies the suggestion of his capability,
not only to do likewise, but more.
So far as we can see, their organ, The
PROGRESSIVE FARMER, has been, in the
main, eminently, wise and courteous in
its suggestions. If this continues,
we have nothing but good to the State
and to that excellent paper to expect.
We do not at all sympathize with that
editorial poIIticism which decries a
man, a cause or a class for insisting
on their rights, even in the nomi,
mating conventions and at the polls.
And, in the case before us, there is no
clearing of skirts except by the ad-
mission of the farmers plea and the
righting of his claim. For many
years he has been plundered. The
fertilizer tax he has had to paw. and
a large part has been spent on Com
missioner Patrick in his huge immi-
grafton humbug. Who can blame
the men who pay the tax for a desire
to see it properly applied 2 The far
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05

Cows should have an abundance of
suitable food and water, and salt kept
where they can have access to it every
day. They should be kept from all
foul odors, and not be allowed to eat
or drink anything that will faint the
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1889-03-05

milk: Milking should be done At
regular hours, with clean hands and
clean udders and clean stables, and the
milk kept from Communicating odors
Milk should be strained immediatelv
alter drawing, and aerated to elimi-
nate any Objectionable odors-