Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1889-02-06
FARM NOTES.

the depth OF four or five feet is a sandy
, loan, underlaid by stratum OF drift
powders. He proposes to dig into the
hillside to a depth OF three or four
feet, and set the house into the excava-
tlon, also to have a vertical drain from
the bottom OF the house to the stratum
OF powders. The structure con-
templated is twelve feet square,
with posts ten feet high. The
sills are scantlings two by four inches,
with studding and rafters of the same
size, the latter..set twenty inches from
the centers. The inner walls are
covered with rough lumber nailed
horizontally to the studding. An open.
ing three feet wide Is left for the door
way. The roof is shingled, a ventila-
tor two feet wide and four feet long
being set In the middle OF the peak
The outside is covered with dressed
clapboards, the space between those
and the inner wall being left empty.
The outer covering is only for looks,
as the ice Will keep Just as well with
out it. If a cheap house is wanted the
roof may be covered with boards and
battens instead OF shingles, and venti-
iatlon secured by an opening immedi-
ately under the caves. When the time
arrives for filling the house, q layer OF
sawdust Is placed at the bottom and
the Ice packed in as closely as possible,
leaving a space Of twelve inches ali
around. which. as the work proceeds,
Is filled with sawdust, as are all inter-
stices between the blocks. Loose
boards, four feet long, are set horizon
tally inside the doorway to hold In the
sawdust When the house is filed to
the plates foot OF sawdust Is thrown
upon the mass, and the work Is done,
The only care needed thereafter is to |
see that the drainage is free.
KEEPING THE Cows CLEAN
Great care should be taken In bedding |
the cow stables during the winter. and |
in keeping them clean. Unless extra |
pains are taken foul smelling stables |
will be the result; consequently the |
milk will be more or less effected.
am well satisfied that filthy stables and
hIthy habits OF milking are the chief
causes OF so much poor butter being
made 1t is quite common, In this Fart
or the country, to see COWS in the WIZ
ter time with their hips and bags COW
cred with thick crust OF manure. and
their backs covered with hayseed and
dust The brush and card are rarely
seen in the cow stables, to them the
cows are total strangers, Now, this is
all wrong. AS = rule the cows are well
ed, some have bank barns, bat there ,
S want OF care in grooming and .
handling. 1t pays to card and b-ush
he cows daily; they look better, and a.,
certainly the milking can be done more ;
;leanly. II is a pleasant sight 10 see
,oTs Kept Clean. Mo-e pains should :
'c taken By farmers in this respect; 1t |.
viii pay In more ways than one. They ;
VIII be more healthy and consume less
eed, which Is an important consIdera- ,
ion in dairyIng.
Very much also depends upon the :
eed the COWS eat In order to have r
utter with a good color, corn meal :
liked with n little oil meal makes a =
cry good feed; also, plenty OF good =
lover hay. :
WARNING WATER FOR FARM U
.NIMALs--The question, Does it pay?
as been propounded TO several dairy a
len who have warmed the drink for Is
leir cows in cold weather, and every n
ne has answered, Yes. How could i
ie answer be otherwise? lf the water u
not warmed for the animal, 1t must u
arm II ITSELF In the stomach the b
ater Is brought 10 temperature of
Early one hundred degrees. When the Il
iimal warns the water, 1t uses its n
cd for fuel If corn. hay, ETC., were L
Tried by the stockman to warm the as
ater, then there might be no gain: but
uses much cheaper fuel. 1t is hard pl
more trouble TO put fuel under a NJ
nix than to give the animal the extra N
cd required for tie heating of the ol
cd in the stomach. Tank heaters are
w manufactured, and by using them
e water can be heated easily and Al
onomically. Heating the water pays | ne
T the further reason that cold water br
ken into the stomach arrests digestion IN
d thus causes a loss of food, whereas sh
lrm water stimulates the dlgestive 10
gans TO vigorous action. The animal di
at drinks water at the freezing poIn { 70
chilled and enervated. Ike
''IF ducks are given free range it is IN
iood thing TO have a small enclosure sn
Ound their house, where they can be- ";
pit TIL rather late in the morning, Bt
lerwise they may lay in out-of-the-i co
y places where the eggs will never its
found. With free range of course l fin
~ require less food. ke
Ducks for breeding must have ha
nty of water to swim in and it is ON
eless to keep them without it. When ot
Us are used for Matching duck eggs m,
eggs must be sprinkled with water ab
en the hen is off to feed and drink, inf
II not kept moist the inner skinl adj
u get so tough that the young onelI No,
mot break the shell. Ducks eggs of
Iuire much more dampness than hens an
IS. ca,
The Aylesbury is perhaps the most cre
Dular variety of duck, being very ser
-dy, maturing early and laying a
IDLY number of eggs. Next to these
badly come the Rouens, and the Pc ba
IS, kind introduced within late slIe
IT'S from China, have been received un
b good deal of favor" bu,
ANOTHER method of wardinp off pia
pc rot has been given by Professor ing
wn, of the Leavenworth kan qul
Society. who says. 81 W
the vine down to the ground after sno
lting, and the new canes OF the SUBJ
uent growth produce the next fruit. {
, system tides the grape over until for
rot period has passed. The number sho
canes left depends upon the strength cru
The root Leave only two clusters and
each lateral. The vines must be ion
lthy and the fruit pushed to early be
.urity." smC
mal
RAB grass springs up after a rain. min
shouli be eradicated when very
ng, and on dry, warm days. II U
ned out in Its first stages the work oys'
be easy, but if it be allowed to ute,
well and make growth 1t will en- the
a vast amount of labor. cup
of
VERY time you use the cultivator fou
rder to Kill out the grass and weeds and
are at the same time stirring the Rem
thereby admitting more air to the put
S OF the plants, providing a grea- with
amount of moisture and Convert fire.
the insoluble substances into plant r.,
halt
I'VE all the manure. A quarter of a col
injury ago many Western farmers a gil