The morning news., 1889-02-18
BAYARD NOT A HOT HEAD
rp1TB PATRIOTISM LEANS TO
PEACE AS AGAINST WAR.

,urs a Higher Destiny Than That of
g. swaggerer Seeking a Brawl-The
Military Spirit Hostile to the Genius
If Free institutions - Prosperity
sanned by Standing Armies and
A1+ocracies Made More Possible.
R.1rrMoRE, ND, Feb. IA Washing
On snecial to the Baltimore SAR based on
,,rversations held with Secretary Bayard
,vos an outline of the policy which has
,ortrolled the actions of the department Of
tate during the past four years and says it
,.s been frequently asserted that Nr.
Bavard has had no policy, whereas, he has
III along had a very definite and peculiarly
American policy. He believes that the
American people have higher and nobler
1estinv than that of staggering about
among the nations of the earth daring"
,ouebodv. to use homely expression, to
knock a chip off, their shoulder. He
links if is their mission to take the lead
,noDg the nations in substituting pacific
methods for force in settling international
disputes
HIGHEST DUTY OF A PATRIOT.
Secretary Bayard's theory of statesman
hin is that nothing should be done TO dis
urb or imDeril our peaceful conditions, but
that on the contrary the highest duty of a
oatriot is to contribute as far as he can to
i their perpetuation and development
His idea is that the military spirit is to be
discouraged in the republic except in so far
4 IS it is necessary for the purposes Of defense,
because in its abnormal development it is
destructive of liberty and necessarily hostile
1 to the genius of free institutions.
WHAT THE MILITARY SPIRIT REALLY MEANS
In conversation with the writer on this
point Secretary Bayard said: "The Amer
lean people should always bear in mind
what the military spirit, thirst for con-
quest and glory as it is termed, really
means. What is war but destruction7 De-
n struction for us or for the enemy. In the
4 spirit Of which war is the logical and inevi-
a table outcome, a condition to be encouraged
Il bv a great and enlightened people3 On the
4 contrary, there is a controlling reason why
4 we, Of all nations, should discountenance
q such tendency. What is it that has built
a up and preserved the autocracies of Eu-
ropei War.
EUROPEAN ILLUSTRATIONS.
Look at Germany, Italy, France, with
n their huge standing armies grinding out the
happiness and prosperity Of their peoples
Every soldier maintained in these armies is
an individual subtracted from the pro-
4 ducing classes, and fed and clothed at their
EXPENSE A great army means repression,
N and repression begets discomfort and an
"a archie conditions. The nihilists of Russia,
4 the socialists of Germany, the firebrands Of
+ other autOcracies are the result.
sPECTER OF A DICTATORSHIP.
n Encourage the military spirit in this
p1ur1 try nd hnVA
n War necessarily means an army, and, if
+ once the military spirit got thorough pos
session of the people, this army would be-
come a permanent establishment. 1t would,
Of course, have leader, and. if the army
became the dominant force in the state, it
twoud be a step to a dictatorship. Sooner
AOr later our liberties would be trampled in
the dust; the rights of individuals would
Hdsappear, and upon the ruins of our cher
lshed institutions would be reared the fab
4 ric Of military despotism."
X WOULDN'T FIGHT OVER SAMOA.
4 On another occasion Mr.. Bayard. COM
mentiug on the clamor IN certain quarters
81 over the Samoan episode, said: ''Wnat is it
they want me to do} To provoke warl
do not believe the people want to go to war
about Samoa. There is no occasion for il.
N they do want war they must get another
hecretary Of State.n
AN ADVOCATE OF NATURALIZATION.
A favorite theme with Secretary Bayard
is the naturalization of certain localities
(which are useful to all powers and inca
pabe Of defense, without roportionate
cost, by any one of them. He instances the
neuralzatiOn Of the Suez canal by the
common consent Of the European powers as
hn example of the important benefits to be
tecured by the application of this principle.
PANAMA's CANAL.
Some similar arrangement would have to
be entered into to protect the interests Of
thls country if ship canal across the
Isthmus Of Panama is built. 1t would not
te sufficient protection for the United
Plates to have control Of such a canal. The
kniy adequate protection is to be secured
ny the naturalization of the canal by the
/ folsent Of all the powers
APPLYING 1T TO SAMOA.
Secretary Bayard sought TO apply this
rlncple OF naturalization by international
Hgreement to the Samoan islands The
foposlton that the United States should
guarantee the neutrality Of those islands
eemed 10 him to be uuwise for the reason
la' 70 guarantee the neutrality of an inde-
ehaeni sovereignty, especially one as weak
oAinoa, would be to expose this country
constant risk of embodiment in the re-
auons OF Samoa with other powers We
'9uld be responsible for whatever Samoa
ns4l choose to do, without power to regu-