davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
Live Stock Markets.

KANSAS CITY. No., May 30.-Uattle-Receipts
l5I2; shipments none; fat corpfed firm, hut half
fat weas and hard to sell even at lower figures
good TO choice cornfed 81 35G4 IS:
common to medium 50 256i 10; stockers
81 1892 80; feeding steers s. O0d3 60; COWS 81
as so. Hogs Receipts $50; shipments -.
market slow and weak, best lots steay, 4a5
lower, closing weak; good to choice IS 3065 10;
common TO me- dunn IS 0005 Is. Sheep-Re-
ce'p's $40: shipments 1874; market slow and
weak; good to choice muttons 81 Coca so; com
mon to medium 81 O0a3 Co.
NEW YORK, May 30.-Beeves- Receipts 1910
Lead, 81 carloads for market and % carloads for
slaughterers direct. Buyers took the offerings
quit At an advance. equal 10 loo per 100 POUNDS
and the market closed arm. Native steers
"a 6Sso Is; bulls and dry cows g sos4 20; poor
70 fair Texas stock 81 S0@3 so. Sheep and
lamos-Receipts 6550; market amply demo al
lied; prices fell fully &c per pound on bovh
,heep and lambs and not ons-half Of the offer
inRs cha ged hands. Common to prime sheen
81 0035 Is; common to prime spring lambs S. 90
@73o.
CHICAGO. ILL.,, May 30 -Cattle-Receip,s
II. 600; shipments 1000: market strong: beeyes.
inferior to choice, 81 00d5 90; cows and mixed
81 s063 40; calves 50 50G5 90; stockers and feed
ere g 73a4 90; T-xas catsle 81 s5a4 O5, Hogs
Receipts 2S.0c0; market weak, closed 5aI0c
lower with 10. 600 carried ever, largely by spec-
ulstors; mixed S. SOFAS so; heavy Is 40a5 g.:
light s. 3065 so. sheep Receipts 5000: good 70
choice muttons firm at 81 l0a5 Is: rferior 10
medium s. 00@< 50: Texas stockers 81 l5r3 90:
8 70.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
St,s ycrs vTszrn xsrsksss.
BUTTER loo per y

BUTTER loo per y,
OOTTON.-S6S1.
ohoire 17h@lsc; fancy lsxc; Java esa; Colder
Bio 1870; Pes Berry 2okc.
OHEESE-tUn cream twins llh615e.
spp sssssgd ans l g. ps pns
81 79;s Ne 81 Is; strawberries. d u COOL IS;
olaekbefries, 9 b, 81 20@1 25; green Cages =;
aspberries, Q Id, 81 20@1 IS; green peas 81 100
80; oysters. fun weight, Hs5@90c; d
:..ads.d: IS 8 cSsi d; !: :: s Sci $;
corn losl S1 sam g mas e. g. cO
ported 81 ooai5 ooi Eagle condensed MIX
3 IS. California canned goods, Cutting
brand, are on the market and are quoted: Ap
berries, 81 IS; raspbeiries. Sc 70; strawberries,
So 80; white cherries, s. 90; black olives, 2 10;
peaches, yellow free, 81 So; peaches, white
cling, s. 90; plums. 81 10; pears 81 80; grapes.
DRY eooDs-Price list of spring and sum
Prints.-AIlsa's fancy. &c; Aliens Turkey red
indigoes, 7c; Berlin solids, &C.: Berlin oils all
colors, 7Kc; Berwick fsncies, 4xc; Charter
Oak, 6c;Dunneu fancies, &c Eddystcne fancies,
6hc; Gloucester fapcies, &c; gloucester silver
Hamilton fancy, &c; Hamilton gingham styles,
exc; Lodi. &c; Manchester, Co.; Merrimack
shirtings, 5Kc; Ramape fancies, 10; simpsons
slater solids. 60; Warrington gipgham styles,
exc; Windsor silver greyss &c; Windsor fan
Giles, 6kc.
Ginshams-Bates staples, TX; Caledonia,
TX; champion dress styles, "; Columbia dress
styles. "; Dundee fancies, X; Empire bour-
cites, 9; Greylock dress etyles, l0x; Greylook
novelties cords. l2H; White Manufactu ding
TX: Valencia fanctess *; Worthington dress.
3; Ysra plsids, sK.
Chambrays l2K; Imported linen
chambrsy. Tx; Imperial all coio1s, 8; Justine
bluees browns and siates, 6H.
Ooiored Oambrics- Garner rolled, 5x Mason
vile, ex; Peacock hxs, 5K: Edwards Hat, 5K
Brown Cottons-Afisnsic A. fxc: AtIsntie p.
6xc; Atlantic Ii. &c; Boost o, 60; Belfast &,
exc; Busy Bee, exc; Chapman Lining, 3kc
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
3pflnE Nslts % esssss botsls.{
s
cOMMERCIAL
Daily Rsvie W.
GAZETTE oSy1on.

GAZETTE OS11oa,
ToET WORTH. TEX. May 30. 1883.
The order trade with wholesalers In
Fort Worth to-day has been up to the
average standard, but retailers have not
been kept as busy as usual.
The supply Of produce is fsir and prices
stand unchanged.
THE STATE OF TRADE.
Special kilograms to Bradstreet's do
not indicate any marked change in the
general trade movement es compared
with week ago. No pronounced sctiv-
ity Is noticed At the principal eastern
cities. There are, however, signs of i'm.
provement at several western cities, due
mainly to better weather and more favor
able crop prospects. At Chlcsgo . mod
crate general improvement is noted.
st. Paul reports more animation
In trade. At Denver, Kansas City
and st. Joseph an increase In the volume
Of general trade is noted. Louisville re.
ports cheerful feeling in general trade.
At Cincinnati general trade Ia reported
good, and a more bnoyant feeling Is noted
as the result OF warmer weather 1t St.
Louis. Cattle and hogs are In good
movement at st. Louis and Kansas City,
with prices generally steady. Sheep are
25c. lower ut Kansas City and slow of
sale. New Orleans reports q moderate
movement, which il yet up to the average
as this period. Collections will average
fair. Reports as to crop prospects indi-
este more favorable conditions generally
Money is generally reported in plentiful
supply. At Kansas City, Louisville and
Cincinnati IL Ia in fair RI oond demand
At the latter two cities New York ex.
change is at 80 and Csc premium. At
Kansas City eastern exchange is in light
supply. Bank clearipgs at thirty nine
cities this week, IS wired to Brsdstreet's,
aggregate 1855. 2s9, 729, decrease Of 9
per cent. against last week and II per
cent. ss compared with the same week OF
1887. Esrnings per mile Of seventY-four
railroads for April show decrease Of 8
per cent. below April, 1887, but are per
cent. snd per cent. in excess of the mile.
age earnings Of April, 1886 snd 1885, re-
spective!y.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
ALLIANCE EXCHANGE.
Con,iaued from Sixm Page.

know OF any organization having beef
formed to crush the Alliance, nor can
credit that any such combination has beer
made.
Answer to interrogatery second-r Dc
not know, nor have been able to learr
(sfter making many irquiries) that AMI
''herce" attack had been made upon the
corporation known As the Alliance Ex.
change. have heard they were unable
to pay matured obligations, and I have
never considered the presentation OF Z
mstured obligation As making an tat.
tack" All business men are supposed
to be ready to receive their paper when
the same becomes due. t
Answer to interrogstory third know
Of no retailer having been whipped into
line" but do know of many having failed
because Of extending credits too will
ingly to consumers, and at TIE same time
doing business on too small margins OF
profits. sa stH
Answer to interrogatory fourth-The
"ffty days struggle" alluded to must
mean the strenuous efforts the managers
Of the exchange have been making to get
money to meet their maturing demands
the same condition that many dealer has
been in after selling q dig lot OF goods on
time and for too small profits.
Answer to interrogatory fifth know
nothing Of what promises may have been
made tne Exchange "tor all the money
needed."
Answer to interrogatory sixth-Ffom
ell that have been able to learn this &C
cusation, "heing betrayed in Dallas"
etc, is wrongfuIly made, and must have
been made when the minds OF the man !.
agement were not In normal state, ow-
ing to pressure OF business.
Answer to interrogetory seventh
know nothing about the Houston matter
know Dallas has mall and telegraphic
communication with Houston; that the
Alliance Exchange is located In Dallas
and il they wanted any Houston money it
Is possible that the means of communicR-
ton were kept hot for q short time.
Answer to interogatory eighth can't
conceive Whist arrangement the Exchange
could make to get all the help they need,
1t seems to me contract Of that kind
would be too large for any combination
of Dallas capitalists. It IL my opinion
(if correctly understand the objects and
aims Of the State Allisnce) 1t Will take
not one, but several millions of dollars to
carry out their plans successfully. Re.
specially, A. B. TABKR,
Texas Agent.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
EDUCA TIONAL,
fancy 6k@Gko

tmo; L nSsm ,. O.. oholss. sAesKo; do
sundries-stsroh, pearl. 3xeski lump, ska
e; oandles, full ooxsS sk@gc; stfrk candy sH
$50; fancy. l06l6c; rope, sisal, Winch basls,'
lOn6- o4c; Go cotton. y and 6-ldshnhs 15X
GlSci do cotton, Z incl, JIG; herring, imported,
81 20 peg keg; raisirs, California Loose musca-
tells, 3 90; do x boxes, 81 60; do X boxes, SO;
slider. crab apple. 4Oui Missouri, s0c; vinegar,
Is e25c; concentrated lyes2 1894 0ci Jugs slased,
lQc per GAL; crooks. glazed. l0c par ga; indigo,
1oc Per D /; bl1ins S0c0sl 90 per dozen Cole.
mao.1oai. Imported. iso Per u sff S SDssh
csn 60c per Is BOX: buctats. two hoops 81 500
80 per dozen; brilliant oils. bbls. lse; Eupion.
bbls, 2sc; do, 2.6 csse,, s. lc; brillisnt. 2-6
caDes, q 10; do. III CAGES, IS So; baking pow
ders. bulk, 11cI IN CANS. s. So; msoaroni,
small boz, CSC; varniceln. Au;an box. CSC;
catsup In bulb, per gallon, CSC; Woroeates
sAuce In bulk. per gallon. 81 Il. Mixed p;atlas,
par y Dbl. :6 81; dried apples, KS. 6x@7c;
sliced, l'f9Ihc; choice .eysposated, sssxc;
Rioe-Prime saSsc; choice skasXc,
POULTRY-We quote: YoCag ffyin q chickens
IL I592 90 per oof; old hens 81 80 per dos;
yurksvs 81 00e1 10 each
WOOL-;.ight medium, l6nlSc.
RHISKy--2ecsined 81 luapi o. a. psr proof:
sous mssh, two yaaYp old, 81 SGAl ~; shres
JesSs old 81 90S7 20; fancy extra old whisky
U065 90,
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
The Wool Market,

GALVESTON, TEX, Nav 80 -wool-Marke.
steady receipts to day 1929 pounds; receipts
thus far this season / $50. 252 pounds; sales
to-day none; stocs 1881, 7i5 pounds.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
Cotton HarEste,

LIVERPOOL. MAY so -Coston-Spo. closed
steady and UNCHANGED.
ORD nary. 4xd; good ordinary. Sd; low mid
ohng 3 l6d midoling uplands, sgd; mIddling
ORLEANS, 8 7 ISL.
To al sales 10 COO; American, 1900.
Imports, 2400; American. 2f00.
Futures closed steady at yesterdays prices
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

Exchange making any such chargease6
they do against the people Of E77fe,
many Of whom (nyself amon& otkers)
subscribed money to bRyPfoperty for
them, and donated othef property to get
them to locate here; snd !. now they are
in trouble 30 soon In competing with peo-
pie who paid tor all they got when they
came, Ii is only another evidence-if
further evidence Is needed-tnat some
thing IL radically wrong with the system.
c. A. KKATIEG.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

Is to trade .vhseeafe knows he gets the
most proZtsfS1s for the money he spends.
ThiSSiyStem is popular one with those
t586 trade at the Fort Worth Grocer Co.'S.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

} A Hungry aEass8Jstem
Us TO trade xasSS he knows he gets the
most PROVISIONS for the money he spends.
SsThiAssyssem is popular one with those
WHO trade at the Fort Worth Grocer Co.'S.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

CoWf, ~ - OHly buOtucS cflucuCe-u
further evidence Is needed-tnat some
thing Ii radically wrong With the system.
C. A. KKATIHG.
OFFICE MCCORMICK HARVESTING
MACHINE COMPANY, :
DALLAS, Tex, May 2s, 1888.
O No. (2) None that know Of. (9
Can't imagine what they mean. az Do
not. 10 Do not. g. Have NO idea
what they mean. (O Do not. (S) sup
pose the Alliance Exchange could arrange
for money just as other business institu-
lions do, BY putting up satisfactory col
leterals. (s) have no opinion to express
except that esteem the Farmers Alliance
as . body very highly, knowing as l do
many worthy men who are members, but
am sorry to se. that the managers could
Issue such docuu ent-beirg, as / an
sat1shsd 1T Is, largely imaginary.
W. 81 HATCH, General Agent.
Now Texas Farmer submits the case
with the belief that the jaTy Will decide
that the Indictment by the Alliance Ex-
changs against the people of Dallas is an
unjustifa5le SANDER.
In all our interviews we did not hear
as body, but 1t was universally regret
ted that the managers of the Exchange
should have resorted to the old trick OF
demsgogues In an effort to array classes
against esch other.
The Texas Farmer wants to assure the
people Of Dallas OF Its belief that the
Farmers Alliance, as body, will not en-
dorse this sction when they learn that
the managers of the Exchange cannot
name single man or firm In Dallas that
Is in any such combination, and cannot
substantiate single charge made. But
the Farmers Alliance owes 1t to Dallas to
do more than refuse to endorse these
proceedings. Her representative men
have committed her to wholesale wrong
upon the people, and have put In jeopardy
the interest, the reputation Of every mem
Der, and the Farmers Alliance, as body,
should demand some reparation from
these leaders. ....,sssss ssSs.ssi
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
Failed 60 agree.

Failed 20 Agree.
special to the Gazette.
DANGERFIKLD, TEX, May 30.-The
case Of Mrs. M. L. Culberson ct q.
against the East Line and Red River Rsil
way Company tor the killing of Mr.. W
A CuIberson, . conductor on the road
who was killed on the third day Of Ssp-
TENDER, 1885, was tried yesterday ct Pitts.
burg on q change Of venue from thil
county. The jury failed to sgree. The
case will probably be tried again at thif
term Of court. She sued for $30, 900 dam
ages. She obtained Q verdict against the
company once for Sl2, 900, but the case
WAS reversed and remanded by ths'ad.
preme court. ,ssszsSsss's
Eat Mors--,a 49,
This IL the cappa 4Sn you trade at The
Fort WoItA Q1eeer Co.'S. Make Jaqk q
expsri1ae1nf month. ..sfsss.ssssHss's'
me sineaa p = ne wssaa
AtAndersog . IN ssors
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

b given fun n,wsr % vote Il convention.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31
Eat More

me Eineaa - 8 me wssla
At Andersog J IN ssors
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

campaign and succeeded in eisssing hin
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

/ nuusau. sus oo-
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-31

NKW FIkLpB FOR TRADE.
These brief statistics given above illus
aate without any rcse-coloring what has
oeen done in the past and what may be
accomplished in the near future. In the
u 0oited States Consular Reports for 1885,
% and 81 you will hope read and OBJ
serve the status ard growth OF our Amer
Nsn trade with Japan and distractions
which have sometimes hitherto lain In
tae path, diverting q considerable portion
u this trade from our own towards the
people OF other lands. 10 these published
om;ial reports l have Invoked only the
scts and lgures OF the custom house re.
urns Of the empire.
But did NOT intend TO write tedious
nomily on this, certainly 10 all Americans,
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03
SUMMER NORMAL SCHOOL.

The board of trustees of the Summer Normal
School for the State Of Arkansas, to wit; 0. F.
Russell, Little Rock; G P. Hudson, Batesville;
I. L. Cox, Morrilton ]. F. Howell, Fayetteville;
I. A. Futrell, Mariana; W. H. Tharp, Searcy;
J. A. setliff, Nashville; VIM. Moseley, Texarkana,
and ]. A. Kimbrough, Ozark, are hereby called to
meet in the city of Little Rock on the 9TH day of
April next to locate the site of said institution, to
adopt articles of incorporation and to transact any
and all other business that may properly come be-
fore said board.
All points throughout the state wishing said
school to be located in their midst, are requested
to present their applications, with terms fully
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03
WHAT A VASSAR GIRL DID.

A Vassar girl tells, in the New York Morning
Journal, of the curious ways in which some of the
poorer students earn their pocket money. Some
of the girls who come to Vassar, she says, are
as helpless as babes. They are the daughters of
millionaires and never brushed their own hair or
sewed button on their boots in their lives They
are only too glad to have some one do those
things for them, and that is how the poorer girls
make pocket money. Last year pretty blue
eyed girl came to college, and stated during the
first week that her tuition and board were paid by
relative but every penny for dress, car fare, and
the thousand and one little incidentals she must
earn herself.
Soon after her arrival the following announce
ment appeared on her doors
Gloves and shoes neatly mended for ten each.
Breakfast brought up for ten cents.
Hair brushed each night for twenty five cents week
Beds made up for ten cents week.
That little freshman made just $3.50 the first
year. continues the account, and that paid all her
expenses and a good part of her tuition fees.
We solicit the patronage Of the teachers through
out the state, and assure them that every effort
made by them in our behalf, to add to our crcula-
ton, will be appreciated.
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03

specified, in writing to the board at the time and
place above named.
The press throughout the state is requested to
copy or notice this call.
j. A. KMBRoUGH,
Chairman of Board.
February Path.
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03

With similar one way rates from all principal
points west of Chicago
Westbound-Stops can be made at principal
intermediate points within the limit of the time al
lowed holders to arrive in San Francisco on or be-
fore July II, 1885, the date set for opening Of the
meeting
Eastbound-Stops can be made at pleasure west
of Missouri River terminals, during the limit of
the return portion of such tickets.
Return tickets can be exchanged for transconti-
mental lines other than for which the tickets are is
sued on payment of $1,000 after arrival in San
Francsco-addng $1,000 for the San Francisco
and Portland line.
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03
Educational.

We have set aside these columns of our journal
for educational matter, and shall endeavor from
time to time to fill them with the latest items of
interest.
One in every one thousand girls Of eighteen
years goes to jail as prisoner, and yet some peo
pie say there are just as many bad women as men,
and they will vote the liquor traffic upon us
stronger than ever.
Miss Willard has accepted an invitation to give
an address at the annual meeting of the Christian
Endeavor Societies which will be held in next July.
1t is expected this will be the greatest gathering
Of young people this country has ever known.
The society numbers over 800 900.
Col. F. W. Parker says 1.-The work of the
school-room is to train children to love work and
to do what is necessary at each stage of growth.
Under these conditions training is the means, not
the end of education. Its great purpose, its CEN
trail value is the development of human beings.
1t brings into activity body, mind and soul, so
that the design of God in the human being may
be worked out into character"
Says an Arkansas exchange: Zone of the
greatest wants of the public school system of Ar
kansas is intelligent county supervision. What is
needed is some one who is qualified to visit each
school in the county, observe the work of the
teacher and, when necessary, point out defects in
methods of teaching and school government; in
struct directors in their duties and endeavor' to
create in the minds of the people greater interest
in the free schools in his county,
What to do with the surplus revenue collected
by our government is just now a serious question.
All are agreed that more money is collected than
the government needs, but how to reduce taxation
is not clearly decided Some suggest reduction
of tariff on imports others repeal of the law tax
ing whiskey and tobacco Now, why not divide
this surplus among the schools of our country?
Some equitable mode of distribution could be ar
ranged and our common schools would be greatly
the gainer.-[ Practical Teacher.
A true teacher never thinks his education COM
plete, but is always seeking to add to his own
knowledge. The moment any man ceases to be
systematic student he ceases to be an effective
teacher; he gets out of sympathy with learners;
he loses sight Of the process by which new truths
enter the mind he becomes unable to understand
fully the difficulties experienced by Others who are
receiving knowledge for the first time. 1t is by
the act of acquiring, and by watching the process
by which you yourself acquire, that you can help
others to acquire Fitch, in Practical Teacher
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03
NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION.

NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION.
The next annual meeting of this association will
be held in San Francisco Cal, July 18th to goth.
Very favorable railway rates will be made from
all leading points with the Union, with choice of
routes going and returning.
The people of California are prepared to give
their guests warm welcome
The board of directors extend to you most
cordial invitation to 60 to the coast with the asso
citation for your summer outing, and to participate
in its meetings.
The following announcement is made regarding
transportation:
Rates for excursion tickets to San Francisco
and return, with choice of return route made at
the time tickets are purchased, from points named,
will be one fare for the round trip, as follows
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-03-03

We have set aside these columns Of our journal
for educational matter, and shall endeavor from
time to time to fill them with the latest items of
interest.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-05-09
THE GLASS FACTORY.
II Will he In operation this
summer.

Mr.. Charles Raskin, secretary OF
the Los Angeles Glass Manufacturing
Co., reports that matters are pro-
crossing satisfactorily toward the
establishment Of the factory on q
business basis. He expects that in
the course OF three or four months that
the orders already received for glass
ware can be filed The manufacture
OF glass first took place in the United
States in l746 in jamestown, Virginia,
where q small factory was operated.
At the present time the several glass
factories in the cities of the East
occupy prominent parts in the
prosperity of the country and
the demand for glassware here and
throughout the southern part OF the
State is sufficiently large to guarantee
the success OF the enterprise. Ii is es-
timated that the expense of establish
ing the works will be $27 $40, and that
the monthly expenditures will be
$4,000. II takes twenty tons OF raw
material to melt ten pots week, viz !:
five charges weekly of four tons each
Twenty tons of raw material produces
4S0 cases of window glass (lC0 feet
each), being per week $4,000 square
feet, or per month 208,0 square feet.
The current price of window glass in
Los Angeles at the present time is
10 cents per foot. In order to make
the estimate conservative beyond any
contingency, only 80 per cent of the
present rate, at 20S,000 square feet at
5 cents is figured, This gives a month
ly income of SIC, 400.
If the profit is placed at one. half of
the showing made above. the invest
ment will yield so per cent. per year.
The sand or silica necessary for the
manufacture Of glass is found here in
abundance and of the required quail
ty. The glass made from this sand
demonstrates newly discovered mine
of wealth, in the way of resources,
that has been lying patiently for ages
for some one to develop and utilize it
as a vehicle for handling the vast re-
sources OF one of the most productive
regions on the co ntinent.