Mohave County miner., 1888-11-10
DENMARK FARMERS.
THE PEASANTRY DIVIDED INTO
FOUR DISTINCT CLASSES.

earning niarriags~- ksspiag Poultry.
The pcasantry Of Demark are divides
into four distinct classes namely, tn,
"0aardmand" pronounced Germany. O,
yeoman farmer, Who either owns or rent,
from thirty to eighty Eve acres lEngIish)
secondly tho "parcelist. who owns Of
rents from eight 70 thirty acres. thirdly
the "Husmand. or cottager. with from
one TO eight acres. and lastly. the In
sidder. 7" who generally rents bis cottag,
and gar'ien plot and from this last clasI
u ss that tho laaorify MEN are principally
drawn
Until marriage The isboring men arc fec
aud lodged aIDn the farm where they work
and IN one OF the buildings Just referret
TO are the dorrnitosies for the "Karle," oI
which upon such farm there would b,
about twelve. beside the foreman. there
too, Is the roomy kitchen and the refec
tory, where these stalwart hungry youth,
ara fed and particularly well fed, too
partak!ng OF no Iess than Eve good meal,
aday Al In tlse morning their break
fast ls served, consisting Of huge slices O,
bread and butter--cut by q machine
With coffee and small glass OF snaps,
Of corn brandy. on the island OF Zeafano
this early meal Ii a kind OF thick sour
made OF rye bread and beer. with which
salt herring Is eaten At noon dinner
which Is soup or porridge. followed by
meat, or Goldfish. or pork. with vegetables
and beer; at 4 p m. bread and butter
cheese, beer and more snaps, and finally
. supper OF porridge with milk
The farm hands are hired by tho hall
year. and the whole system has hitherto
worked to the mutual satisfaction Of both
aborer and employer This, however, II
greatly due to The fact that there exists q
code Of hiring laws which provides an easy
settlement Of all disputes between master
and man. Every servant. farm or domes
,ic. IL under these laws compelled TO keen
book which is officially registered, and
wherein are written all bis OF her certif
Gates Of character. each one of which Is
necessarily countersigued by the magis
trate OF the district wherein tho master
"r mistress resides
The Gaardmand's homestead Is substsn
'al. square and matched; the barns,
stables. etc. arc Joined to IL. forming to
se.her quadranguiar farm yard, with
The entrance gate facing the dwelling. AT
the back is q garden. usually Of about
three quarters OF an acre. devoted TO fruit,
'sgelahles and hops. with few roses
nd g!lly flowers near tho house door a
fartner working from sixty to eighty acres
will have upon his ferm two "karles," a
10Y, and two girls for the dairy, all Of
whom are helped In their work by their
master and his family Generally such q
farmer keeps upon his land fifteen or more
'ows. four sheep. four horses and two
Eoats. for every farmer In q horse breeder
more or less The poultry Is his wife's
are and perqu;site. and forms highly
important item In her yearly budget
These farms, when owned by tho yeoman,
are. generally speaking. mortgaged for
half their value, q fact to be attributed In
most instances to the repeal of tho law OF
primogeniturc.
At present the parent IL permitted, II
he pleases. to leave one third Of his prop.
erty TO his eldest son. clause In the law
~ Inheritance much appreciated and In
general use As the valuation for probate
is extremely low. the eldest son generally
raises n loan with which to buy out his
brothers and sisters. with their consent,
and tho race being practical one, en-.
lowed with generous instincts. this modi.
fed form Of 'partage force" docs not ap.
pear as yet TO produce tho jealous feuds
or to work tho evil II Is known to do In
other countries; though. as indeed tho
system has not been long In force. It Is
perhaps rash TO predict that 1t may effect
To change for tho worse during the lapse
OF century In cases where loar, is
impossible. owing TO previous mortgage,
subdivision steps In. and In some instances
has been repeated until tho minimum area
has been reached under the new law al.
re6dy referred to Necessarily. IL the
family be numerous. and all elect to re.
tain their share In tho land. they sink 10
the position Of HuEmand, and have TO
resort TO trade to exc out their liyeli.
hood. Should, however. younger mem
Der Of the family have had the good luck
TO have married the child Of wealthy
6aardmand with q good dowry. then the
newly married pair proceed TO buy small
farm Of about twenty Eve acres, and be
come Parcelists.
Class distinctions arc clearly marked
and rigidly adhered TO asy.ong the peas
antry Not so very long ago It was argued
from certain political platforms IL the
Midlands that the farm laborer who pos.
sessed three acres and cor" would no
longer have the.need TO touch his hat to
the squire Judging from the Danish
however. race fully as sturdy
and Independent as our own, IL would ap.
pear that an increase In tho number OF
owners Of land does but augment tho
number Of those who demand respectful
salutation from the iaborer. whether he
Possesses COW or not. Also a. regards
marriage. Gaardmand's son marries al
most invariably Gaardmands daughter
When the marriage o! Gsardmandfs son |
With o Husmand's daughter occurs, all !
ths peasant society OF tho district Ii put |
n 6utter. and the match is considered |
/ grave mesalliance. not at ali TO DO en- |
The younger sons Of Gard. |
nand who have neither the prospect Of q |
rood inheritance nor Of q good match" |
usually learn a village trade, such as |
hat OF wheelwright or blacksmith: those |
with q better education and moro enlight. |
med may become village schoolmasters |
md village vets. and sometimes. II they |
have preference for horsefesh, they may |
AXE the post OF coachnlan at the Here |
nands, thongk :: - . are for the yeoman |
..ii.-sss 10 enter domestic service Those
Who do so, Hike those who take 10 trade, |
osc caste, and may freely choose their
wives from the Husmand's daughters.
,ut not so the veterinary. or sch0Olmas
er, for whom II would be unpardonable
Fowls are kept invariably They help
o pay the rent. and often moro besides
Upon the highway ore meets the tiny
hid OF or s, fair haired and blue eyed.
Ter mother in miniature as regards
lress. from the close ftting cap and large
Ipron TO tho little sabots peeping out
rom under the long. full petticoats She
8 armed with a witty, and is there alone
o guard tho fock Of poultry searching
or meal bg the wayside. and which,
ver living on terms OF close intimacy
With the family. are well conducted birds,
asily amenable 10 discipline In winter
heyA ara slowed AWAY In all sorts of