St. Paul daily globe., 1888-07-18
WESTERN CIVILIZATION.
Senator Evarts Eloquently Describes
Its Wonderful Growth.
HEROES OF THE REVOLUTION
Freedom Loving and Lion-H Hearted,
Their Ideas Finally Spread ALI
Over the Country.
Special to the Globe.

Speclal 10 the GlODe.
MARIETTA, o., July IL. Senator
Sherman, Senator Daniels, of Virginia:
Gen. j. S. Robinson, Gen. Thomas Ew-
ing, Gen. G. III. GroSvenOr and score
of other distinguished persons arrived
here this morning to participate in the
exercises of the centennial celebration.
The morning was devoted to Senator
Evarts. Senator Evarts spoke without
manuscript, and displayed more vigor
than he has done in the senate in long
time. He said: "The Marietta settle
ment was wonderful exhibition of the
courage of the forerunners of the pres
ent civilization. The courts of Justice in
the West that were opened a century
ago, have never been closed. In the
God-given Northwest laws have never
been silent and courts have never de-
MED justice. There was no need of war.
OF deSolation in other races to make
room for us in the most unpeopled re-
gions of the Weet. The problem was
to see how we could keep free from
other countries of Europe the narrow
settlements of this country" Senator
Evarts explained the philosophy of the
successful settlement of the whole coun-
try from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and
his remarks after he passed his intro
ductiOn were not local in nature. He
emphasized the fact that at the same
time slave ship and the Mayfower
landed in America, and said that the ell
ement infused by the importation of
slavery had borne heavy burden in
the destinies of the country. The prob
lem was to
KEEP SEPARATE THE TWO RACES
and prevent an infusion of their ideas
from entering the hardy and sternly
moral settlements of New England.
Other notions and ideas were kept out
from the country by the presence of
slavery till we were strong enough to
master the world. The little rim where
slavery had taken hold on the shores
of the Atlantic kept us free from the
toiling people of other nations where
toll was free and had dignity. The
proposition of the New England settlers
who came here was that they would
not come till their institutions were
complete. They wanted land available
and labor free, and the dignity of the
people assured. Mr.. Jefferson had pro-
posed that after 1900 slavery should be
excluded from all the Western country,
but the well disciplined, thoughtful
men who came here said they would
take no chances, not even for the dozen
years that were to elapSe between their
coming and the beginning of this CEN
tury. They wanted no promises for the
future They knew tide of population
would follow them. They knew the
population would be diluted by impure
streams. They knew it would not do to
admit slavery at all in the Northwest.
They held forth to human faith and
human duty before they enlarged the
sphere of their action by settling the
West. So they came free and
made this glorious section of
this country containing two-thirds
OF the population free. John
Randolph said that from this settlement
at Marietta there would not be a settler
in the Mississippi valley in hundred
years, yet in siXty-two years the people
who came through this gateway to the
West had pushed westward to the Rocky
mountains, plOwed over them down to
the golden gate at San Francisco. Our
Northern labor meant to possess, enjoy
and subdue the wilderness and make it
blossom as it went on. Slavery, on the
other hand, was remorSeless, avaricious,
a coveter of new lands which were dis
poiled. We went
FORWARD FOR FREEDOM.
The South sought new territory for
slave labor and its wasteful environ
ment. A column of free labor came to
the North from the nations of Europe,
and we were able to keep pace with the
growth of the slave-hOlding South. He
pointed out that the war had finally
spread over the whole country, the ma
tiOn'S institutions. and ideas of the lib
eral-minded, lion-hearted freedom-lov-
ing heroes of the revolution who settled
here 100 years ago." The afternoon was
given up to the representatives of
Michigan and Illinois. States Senator
Palmer. of Michigan, set forth in strong,
picturesque language the rise and de-
velopment of Michigan from crude
wilderness to an important and opulent
state. Senator Palmer was followed by
Hon. j. N. Smith, who described the
glory, greatness and progress of Illi-
nOiS.