The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-17

could tell how TO make TWO blades or grass
grow where but one grew before, would be
II great public benefactor. With two blades
OF grass on the average in lieu of one, we
snouid have double the pork, beef, mutton,
hides, wool. milk, buster, and cheese, and
we could raise t~ica rhe corn, wheat, and
potatoes; or, II these were not needed IN
such Quantity, we would have TO spend only
haif The lime in meeting our wants. We
! all understand Row it works. We know
thao farmer who caises, year after year.
put one ton u grass a. tho acre, Ii not only
poor farmer, ont iaSst be a poor map Also
| compared WITH the farmer wha contrivcs 10
get tNo tons - Tho ecru. We hnvs AL seen
bota KINDS OF feTIn-rS nui ara al Agreed as to
tne!r relative n!SiItS. Tas rUan VINO can
| accomplish most IN the leA-: limo is unaoi-
moIsly regarded ss the bsst maa IN every
| occupation Of lifo In w5l-h he engages
CnlvctsSl opiniea, therefore, establishes
| gCal Tor anolLloa, aud insn strive TO rsaih
1t. We rsOgnis. ,oceSs to be tho goat,
ana success depends on the abilisy to do the
most III tina least time. We mast work to-
ward success; for working against SUCCESSES
sure to end in disaster. No mau plants corn,
ana then, whea the crop as been gathered,
sets his Sranary on fro ana b3rus it up. No
man goes to his fed and stands all day
! with Tolded arms, expecting that the crop
Wi! grow without planting and hpeing.
We have, then, test by which to try all
the plans which arc projected to advance
tho interests of mankind and it is so simple
that any man Of common understanding
can apply il. Let us amply it to some of
Inc projects of the labor-veformers, using
ell c3ndor and honesty. As | understand
| II, the trados-,!niOns are conducted, 50 far
a. the IneuberS find it possible to conduct
! Lhom, upon theory exactly opposite to
Tic universally recognized law of success.
nNNFt 81. ~fsN,, klNnN,
| workman Shall have more than a given
number Of apprentices. They say that no
| man shall work before a certain hour in the
morning and after a certain hour in tho
evening. They provide that no man shall
work for another who has treated partic-
u!ar '')rGmgu III WY not approved by
tho unioa IhAY require that, when one
can NOT get given prica for labor, lie shall
cease work aau remain lido. In some cases
they cootend that good and specially eff
foottYe hand shall l,ayo 40 better wages
than HI inferior and ioss effective one; and
practically taoy strive 20 place a limit to
! the power OF iuo community to provide for
it, support and comfort. The right to do
oil this do not intend to discuss, but only
It's wisdom. Is IL il 5he line of the condi-
| lions q. success Is We know them?
| What nahcr \ prosperous farrner2 The
answer is, industry. knowledge, adaptation
/
greatest crops stall be raised from the fow-
est acres. What males Z prosperous town
| or villagel Evi1e:ltly the development aud
| juiIclOus application Of its forces to pro
ductiol in ali departments. 1t we sec a
township with a hundred farms. and each
farmer managing 80 that be ssouros only
eight tons Of hay from twelve acroa, we
I'shal find scraggy and lean cAttla, small, in
convenient buildings, poor fences, and all
tina cirvpg 1JTrhrtfh HiIa f,iJo
and decay. There is no doubt about it,
Compare such q town with an adjoining one
where by Intelligence and active industry
the farmers get twenty-five tons of hay
from twelve acres. In the latter town will
be found double the number of cattle and
more than double the number of the conven-
fences and comforts of life. The difference
between two such towns is in what is termed
accomplishment. That is to say one town
has shown what the result is from limiting
its productions to less than one ton of grass
per acre, and the other has shown how the
face OF things appears where all hands have
tried to get two tons of grass per acre.
Now the same general result would follow
were the main pursuit of the population
mechanical instead of agricultural. Start
| the shoe business in two towns side by side,
| making the hours of labor six in one and
twelve in the other, aud in twenty-five
years the latter town will be able to buy
the former out four or five times. This
because the capital saved in the several
years will have been earning all the time,
while the other town will have used up all
its earnings from year to year. and will
stand at the end of twenty-five years at the
same point whence it started. In other
words, limitation and curtailment of re-
sources inevitably tend to poverty, and de
velopment and use of resources surely tend
to prosperity and comfort. The limitations
of the unions, all of them, are on the line of
non-accomplishment, and are avowedlv de-
signed to hinder or cneck production They
are adopted on the theory that with less
production wages will rise, and in the rise
of wages the laborer will receive as much
compensation for one days labor as he
otherwise would for two days labor.
Undr certain contingencies and for a
time as to some individuals, that may hap
pen. In a temporary glut of the market
curtailment of production is found to be a
remedy, or a partial, one, for unduly low
prices, but even then the laborer has to lose
all of the time needed to free the market
from the excess of goods. Labor as a whole
gains nothing, but loses. The farmers who
raise only half crop to the acre do not find
in the long run that they get as much money
as their neighbors who raise full crop,
notwi thstapding there are short periods
when hay which ordinarily fetches $l2 per
ton will bring se5. Nobody has ever seen
half-crop farmer permanently prosperous
out of the resources of his farms, and no
body has seen general prosperity when half
the laboring population was idle, or when
the whole laboring population was idle half
the time. 1t is impossible in the nature of
things, because the rewards of labor all
come from the productions of labor, and
whendess is produced there must necessari-
ly be less to divide. The price of ton of
hay in the market may go up from $40 to
$50, but the laws of production and labor
are not cheated, nevertheless; for the way
has not yet been discovered by which the
one ton will sustain the life of the OK and
the horse as long as the two tons will; and
in spite of the double price the reduction in
quantity is dead loss to somebody, and in
the end comes out of the consumers of meat,
who are all taxed in higher prices they have
to pay.
The direct effect of less labor is fewer ar
tices for use, comfort, and luxury. This
is the avowed purpose of the unions in try
ing to compel all laborers to agree to limit
for the hours of labor. They propose to
sustain prices by creating comparative
scarcity Of goods, and claim that thereby
they can secure as many comforts as before
with shorter hours of work. But howe If
they work enough faster, so as TO make as
many goods in six hours as they before
made in ten, they would save in hours, it is
true, and get as many goods. But this is
not the aim. No scarcity would be attained
in that way, and consequently prices would
mot ha raised and the conditions of novartv