The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-02-09


.'If current Of electricity issiaried in the
wire A Is toward y, current will he in
duced into the wire G ID, which will flow
toward 9 that is opposite TO the other
current. II the current in A b Is stopped,
u current will be induced in the wire & ID
flowing toward u. Thus for every current
sent ia A u thore will be two currents in
duced in q ID, but they will be only mo-
mentary. II the current flows steadily in
A II, there will be no current induced in
G u. II the current in A ID rises or falls or
decreases without stopping altogcther)
currents will be induced in & ID ms before,
though not quite 80 strong. Wherever
aud whenever a current OF electricity Is
started, whenever IL varies in strength
there will be induction in any and all con-
tiguous bodies be they wires, walls or what
else. Induction Is an insepan,ble accom-
panimcnt OF electricity In motion.
"fhc electricity flowing from a galyanic
battery or dynamo machine automatically
Intermittent, practically the current from
either source is considered continuous.
There are many causes 10 make II inter
mittent and variable in the dynamo.
The electricity produced from the copper
bar revolving in front Of magnet in the
dynamo IL collected nj the commutator by
what IL called n brush. II the brush fails
10 make contact with tho bar, which is no
yolying nj the rate of I 200 10 1000 reyo-
luiions per minute, for every failure there
N an intcrmission or variation, no one de-
iectiyc bar In the commutaior would pro-
duce =, 400 10 1900 induction currents per
minute. II the engine driving the dyna-
mo runs irregularly from varying steam
pressure, or the slipping % belt or any
cause whatsycr, there Ii variation In the
strength OF current sent out and innnner-
able induction currents produced in any
conductors near the light wires. Even
when the light nickers from defective car.
hons, or from bad adjustment Of the car.
bons induction will result, because current
varies with the light.
"Iscape or leakage Is more easily man
aged and, unless In extreme bal weather,
IL only temporary difficulty In the
electric light system what IA called me.
tallic circuit Is used; that Is, the wire starts
from the station out through town and NJ.
turns 10 the station. Now II this wire
falls on the ground or makes a connection
with the ground at any one point along It's
route, Il will have no effect ON the current,
because the earth will not take electricity
from conductor al one point unless II eau
give back 10 the samo conductor al some
other point an equal quantity OF cleo.
I tricity.
"GlnS and porcelain and wood are good
insulatos when they are dry. Hut when
a film OF water forms ON glass or porcelain
II will conduct more or less electricity. II
a speaking wire aud light wire arr carried
on the same poles or supports, obviously
the wiro carrying the larger current will
leak into the other. Now leakage at one
point, as has been shown, has no effect;
but II there are many points Of the wire.
run on the same supports Tor u considcm
blc distance, there will be proportional,
leaking which will affect the speaking
wires directly by leakage, aud indipcil,
by induction. For when the leaking on
light wires N considerable, the dynamo Z
unable 10 supply the los, and ~ lcakag,
Il very variable, the effect ON ncighbofinl
wires Ia variable, both from induction and
escape. In this condition II Is difficult &c
distinguish them, but leakagc Is compare
lively steady, and often will not change iol
several minutes nj u time, while induction
II always Intermittent. Generally th,
mysterious agency IL blamed for ever,
trouble, while the guilty leakage is alowcc
10 escape
The committee can now get togclhc
agnin aud put all things In their propc
shape, thanks TO MIR. Flanncry.
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TuE virtue Of rc.ru.na Is shown in the fao