davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
THE HISTORY OF SPECTACLES.

The honor and credit of pointing
out the benefit Of glasses in aid of
defective vision belong to Roger Ba-
con, who lived from 1914 to 1902.
Spectacles were actually invented
about the year 1880, A. D., and GER
tainly they were made previous to
the year 1911. The man who con-
ferred this great benefit on suffering
humanity was Alexander Bpina, a
monk of Pisa, who died in 1918.
In the early progress Of the art the
spectacles made were rudeand crude,
and the glasses were rough, though
they rendered great aid to the af-
flicted. At the present time repu-
table optician, can by successive ex-
periments, discover the actual de-
feet of the eye, and by prescription
furnish a glass that will so aid the
sight as to make the human eye and
glass together serve the duty of per-
feet eyes. This perfection in the
means of assistance is due to the ex-
periments and inventions of DR.. Gil
raud, of Paris, and DR.. Schetfier.
The former scientist promulgated
the idea, and the latter practically
put the theory in operation.
One of the greatest philosophers
/ of all ages earned his scanty liveli-
hood as a lensmaker. We refer to
the celebrated Baruch Spinoza, who
was eXcommunicated by the Jewish
church of Amsterdam for what the
rabbis termed his heresies. There
is no exact age at which either men
or women may need the use of spec
tacles, but Il man usually will need
some aid to his natural vision after
the age of Is, and woman after the
age Of 40.
A mistake commonly made by
near sighted people is in wearing
the same glasses for all purposes.
This can seldom be done without
straining the eye. Two sets ofglass-
es are absolutely needed, each differ
ing widely from the other in focus.
Another popular mistake is in the
carelessness with which the glasses
are put upon the face. TO obtain the
full benefit of glasses they must be
50 set upon the face that the center
of the glass comes directly in front
of the pupil Of the eye. 1t is very
curious that people who are SO fastid-
ious as the exact fit of a coat or dress
should be so careless of the appear.
ance of a glass on the eye when the
effects Of the latter are Of much
greater importance.
Glasses are commonly ground with
an equal curve on both sides. The
material for their manufacture is
glass, made specially for the purpose,
and a rock crystal called Brazilian
pebble. The latter is less apt to
become scratched or dimmed by the
atmosphere when going from a cold
air into warmer one. 1t cannot be
denied that the invention of specta-
cles was one of the most useful to
the human family. They have al
leviated more miseries than all other
human agencies, because there is no
sorrow or atfiiction to be compared
to the loss of sight, and proportion
ately the impairing of sight.-Me
|'KeystOne.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

only one car attached, and in the most
favorable position. There was abundance
of volunteers, and no need of eXplana-
tions, for now everybody was sure that
the impressed powder story was false and
absurd-had thought so all the time!
Conductor Smith, of the Rome train, gave
it for the service at once. All was done
so quickly that Murphy saw them start and
had to run at his best speed to keep from
being left behind Fuller probably made
Il mistake in not taking the New York, as
the other engine was much inferior, with
small wheels and incapable of great speed.
But the distance in which they could use
it'turned out to be short, and being driven
at the height of its power, it is not proba-
bic that much was lost; while the time
spent in changing the freight trains out
of the way might have cost the Ooste-
nauls bridge.
A mile or more from Kingston they
found some ties on the track at the place
where we cut the wires, and were obliged
to stop and throw them off, Of course an
effort was made to send message from
Kingston to Chattanooga as soon rs Fuller
arrived, but we had cut the wire too quick
for them. Continuing on the way, they
came in few minutes to the place where
the track had been torn up. A southern
account says sixty yards had been re-
moved; but this is a gross eXaggeration
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
THE NEGRO MUST GO,

The disadvantages suffered by the
all classes. of the community, on ac-
count of the race problem in this
country, must be counteracted in a
manly and sensible way, and not by
methods of evasion or violence 1t
might have been better for all con-
cerned if the negroes had never been
brought to this country; but, being
here under the existing conditions
and circumstances, here they are des-
tined to stay. All schemes of colo
nization and expectation have uni
formly failed, and must fail. The
negroes are citizens, and moreover
they are, many of them, good citi-
zens, and Of value to the community.
In the development of material re-
sources Of the south they are prov
ing to be excellent laborers, just as
they long ago established it an un-
disputed fact that they were the best
possible laborers that the south could
have under the agricultural system
of ante bellum times. Moreover,
they are prospering, eleast,they
might prosper greatly if they were
more acquisitive by nature. They
are getting better wages to-day in
the South than any other class of day
laborers in this country, and there is
plenty of work for them to do, too.
The standard Of education among
them is being raised slowly but sure
ly. They are gradually amassing
money Notwithstanding their thrift
less tendencies. 1t is stated that the
colored people Of the United States
now own and pay taxes on $250,000,-
900 worth of property. This is doing
pretty we'll, considering that only
twenty-five years ago it was legally
impossible for negro to own prop
erty in that part of the country
where the bulk of the negroes lived,
and that even in the north there
were probably not more than a few
hundred negroes who had ny.taxa-
BILE property.
The negroes of the United States
are advancing as rapidly and sat-
isfactorily as could be expected.
They will consult their own inter-
est by staying where they are, and
paying no attention to the various
'eXodus" schemes. This is the ad-
vice of their leading men, like Fred
Douglass and ex-senator Bruce.
The social feature of the race prob
lem is the only really troublesome
feature of the problem still remain
ing to be worked out, and this will
be worked out in time, in this coun-
try, as it has been, long ago, in the
older nations in Christendom.-N.
Y. Adtertiser.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
THE YELLOW RIVER IN CHINA.

The Hoang-Ho or Yellow river in
China has become a study and is at
tracting universal attention.
The Hoang-Ho has for several
months past been laying waste avast
and populOus area Of the Chinese
empire. The Chinese covet the pos
session of the rich lowlands which it
mandates, and for many ages, in
spite of periodical overhows, they
have swarmed and multiplied on the
alluvial plain through which the
muddy Hoang-Ho winds its tortuous
course, so that when at intervals
that treacherous river bursts it's labo-
riously constructed dikes it numbers
its victims not by thousands but by
millions.
The impracticability of diking a
big river carrying immense deposits
is here illustrated, for if anything
could have been effected by dikes
the celestials would have been happy
long before now, says the Philadel-
phia Press. With patient pertinaci-
ty, untiring labor, and no mean en-
gineering skill, they have been try
ing for 1000 years to confine the
Yellow river within reasonable
hounds. They have built for the
stream trough from 300 to 500 miles
long, mile wide on the average, and
allowing for a swift stream of water
seventy feet deep; but for the ninth
time a stream thirty miles wide and
ten feet deep, travelling at the rate
of twenty miles an hour, has broken
over the plain. Many large towns,
thousands of villages and leagues OF
farm land were submerged. Meth
er man nor beast could escape flood
like this pouring over vast unbro-
ken plain. For two months and
over, the flood has continued, and it
is estimated that fully 100000 Chi
nese have perished by it.
Citing the case of the Hoang-Ho,
the Press is reading lectures to those
men in and out of Congress who
would like to dixie the Mississippi
after the Chinese pattern.
"For small floods these dikes are
an adequate protection, but at inter-
walls, shorter or longer removed,
there comes much greater flood of
water than usual, and at some point
or other the artificial support yields
to the tremendous pressure, and vast
stretches ofcountry are laid in ruin"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
GREW 4 BEARD AFTER DEATH.

About thirteen years ago Hal Clay
ton, one Of the best known gamblers
on the coast, died here Of a fever.
He was rich, and his remains were
placed in a costly metallic casketWith
a glass case and consigned to hand
some tomb. His wife, who was fran
tic with grief, placed her diamonds
on his shirt-front. The stones were
valued at $500. Fearful lest the
gems would be taken from the vault
She placed a watch at the tomb, and
it was maintained for many weeks.
Clayton was a Southerner, and the
body was disposed OF above the
ground.
A few days ago George Dobbs, who
has the care of the cemetery, was
possessed with curiosity to visit
Hal Clayton's tomb, and securing
the keys of the vault took a look at
the remains. He was astonished to
find that Clayton's beard and mus
tache had grown under the glass
case to such an extent that they
reached below his knees. The beard
was a rich brown color, extending
in wavy masses over the body and
having a perfectly healthy appear
ance, as it might have had on liv-
ing man. The beard had been grow
ing in this way for thirteen years:
Clayton had a romantic life. He
was engaged to a handsome young
girl in the South and left her to seek
his fortune. She became tired of his
absence, and, setting out to find him,
drifted homeless and friendless from
one mining camp to another. After
years Of this life she met her form
er lover, but was so changed by
her wandering life that he refused
to marry her. After his repudia-
ton of his old sweetheart, he be-
came sick, and when lying at deaths
door she came to his bedside and
nursed him back to health. Filled
with gratitude at her devotion, ne
renewed the affection Of his youth
and married her. She proved de-
voted wife, and when he died she
built at large expense the vault where
his remains now lie, and in which
his beard has been growing all these
years. Whether the diamonds are
on his shirt front is not known, as
the beard hides the body from the
knees up.-Carson (Nevada) appeal.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
AT THE WOOD STATION.

more, and the enemy, seeing our engine
standing there, were actually obliged to
"slow up to avoid the collision that
seemed inevitable. However we did not
wait for them to get close enough to use
their shotguns-at least not to any effect,
though Wilson is quite positive that some
guns were fired. He says:
.'-'-s'',T-e had, however, secured only par-
tial supply when the chasing train came
in sight, loaded with armed soldiers. Our
pursuers were worked up to an infuriated
pitch of excitement, and rent the very air
with their screeches and yells rs they
came in sight of us, like dogs when the
quarry is sprung. They opened on us ut
long range with musketry. The bullets
ratified around us like hail, but fortu-
nately none of our party was hit"
TO BE CONTINUED.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
CHAPTER K.
OOsTENAULA BRIDGE.

The bridge was now just at hand
What should we do? TO leave it intact
was to be thought of only in the direst
necessity. We had carried our ammuni-
tion-the fuel we had gathered-into our
last cur, and while it was not as good as
we would have liked, yet in little time
we could make fire. We now punched
q hole in the back end of our car-in fact
we had done this in passing from one car
to another previous to dropping the last
one-and now began to let ties fall out on
the track while we ran. They followed us
lend over end,n and showed most per-
verse disposition to get off the track, but
q few remained. This moderated the
speed of the pursuing engine, which was
q help that we sorely needed, for it was
now evident that they either had a faster
engine than ours or better fuel. The
latter was certainly the case, for we had
been using wood very rapidly without any
opportunity for q long time past to re-
plcnish it.
The first feeling of dependency of the
whole route took possession of US as we
approached the bridge, with our pursuer
close behind. The situation was in every
way unfavorable for us. If we passed by
without leaving it in ashes we felt that
one important part of our business would
be undonc, even if we were completely
successful afterward in evading pursuit
and destroying the Chickamauga bridges.
Murphy expresses the opinion that we
made great mistake at this point. There
was at this time long and high wooden
trestle by which the Resaca bridge is ap-
preached AS we came near we ''slowed
up," and right in the middle of this trestle
We dropped our last car. Murphy says
that if we had but thrown it across the
track the bridge would have been at our
mercy, rs we'll as all the bridges above.
He is right, but the difficulty in doing this
is greater than he thinks. TO pull or
push the car off by means of the engine
involycd some risk of getting the engine
itself Off, which would have been fatal.
We had no good means of moving it in
any other way, and the element of time
was all important. The pursuers were
right behind, and while they could not
have fired on us ut effective range, they
could very quickly have alarmed the town
ahead of us, and then the track could have
heen obstructed to prevent our passage.
1t is easier to imagine what might have
been done than actually to do it, even il
the circumstances were repeated.
There was no opportunity to turn and
fight at this point. The town OF Resaca
was within few hundred yards of the
bridge, and any noise would bring help
from that quarter. Besides our pursuers
were armed with guns, and our only
chance of getting at close quarters was by
an ambuscade. Had the day been dry,
we could have flung fagots from the er-
gine upon the roof, but now fire even on
the inside of the large frame bridge
would require careful nursing. With a
station only q few hundred feet ahead
wharn tho track micht be so easily OBJ
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

WHOM LIFE HAS DIsCIpLINED.-
The middle aged, who have lived
through their strongest emotions,
but are yet in the time when MEM
ory is still half passionate and not
merely contemplative, should sure
ly be a sort of natural priesthood,
whom life has disciplined and con-
secrated to be the refuge and rescue
of early stumbles and victims Of self
despair.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

his coming; the
Rome branch led
into the m a j Ii
track above all
the inpediments.
Why not take that
engine? No sooner
thought than eX-
ecuted. Fuller
had taken one
foot race that day,
and he now took
another, shorter,
but not less i'm
portant. The en-
gine was headed
already tow ar d
Cbotfono1pa with
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

H9s~ In the love of a brave and
faithful man there is always a strain
of maternal tenderness; he gives
out again those beams OF protecting
fondness which were shed on him as
he Law on his mothers knee.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
By WILLIAM PITTENGER,
MEMBER or TIE ExpEprT1oN.
CHAPTER VIII.

Copyrighted. 1887, by War Publishing Co.. N. Y,
and published by arrangement with themi
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

gay God overrules all mutinous ac-
cidents, brings them under his laws
of fate, and makes them all servicea-
Bile to his purpose.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

gss~ BE thankful every timea friend
deserts you, and thus forces you to
strengthen yourself.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07
DARING and SUFFERING.
AHistory Of the Andrews Railroad
Bald Into Georgia in 1862.
The Most Heroic and Tragic Episode
of the Civil War.

Embracing a Full and Accurate Account
Of the Secret Journey to the Heart Of
the Confederscy, tho Capture Of
Railway Train in Confederate Camp,
the Terrible Chase That Followed, and
the Subsequent Fortunes Of the Leader
and His Party.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1888-03-07

The Rome engine and train had
IN its own track all this time waiti]
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-03-17
THE STATE OF TRADE.
r. @. Dun & Co.'S Regular Weekly Com
merciai and Industrial Review.

NEW YoRK, March l0.-R. @. Dun q
Co., In their weekly rcyleN Of trade, say;
The paralysis Of business here, the stop
page Of communications and mails through
out eastern States, and The costly condi.
tons under which the scaniy business OF
the past two days has been transacted,
makes statistical comparison Tor the mo-
mont Of no value. II would not be far
from right 10 reckon an entire weeks busi-
mess as lost throughout 'he region most
affected by tho unprecedented storm.
Under the circumstanccs, u Ia OF
no service as an Indication OF the
future 10 know that exchanges arc
small, railroad traffic light, exports below
those OF the corresponding week last year,
and local prices raising because OF the
Temporary scarcity OF certan articles. As
yet business at the various exchanges has
not been 40 far resumed that quotations
have much valuo. Prices have yielded !
cents Tor wheat and | cent for corn. In
other markets few chang Of importance
are noted, though the complaint Of dull
ness becomes more general. Cohee "
nomlnaly IL 10 l3l cents i)f spot, against
l4l last week, while oil has advanced 2
cents. The reports received from Interior
points show a contInuance Of trade deemed
fair for the season at most cities, with
shghtimprovementattwo Or three, but with
complaint Of unsatisfactory trade NJ as
many. Al Milwaukee loses by fire are
not expected 20 Affect business generally,
and nj Detroit II Il observed that deal"rs
In lower Michigan find collection from
iarmors unsatisfactory, and the output oi
goods is not large. Al Cleveland there 10
some closencss In money and slownes In
ports does not indicate ,sarciiy Of money
In the interior, or unusual delay In settle
ments.
The business failures during tho last
seven days number for the United states,
2o2; for Canada, 20, total, ~, compared
with 2D2 last week. and 2s2 ior the CORE
spending week In 1857.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-03-17

II detained by illness, the time may be ex-
tended to two years. No other Chinese
laborers may come in on any terms. Chi
nese merchants, scholars and students may
come only when provided with certificates
issued by an American consul. The treaty
binds this country to pay to the Chinese
minister $4,000 within one year, which
sum shall be accepted as q full settlement
Of all claims against the United States or
her citizens for loss or injury suffered by
Cinnamon here.
In reporting the bill to reduce the post
age on seeds, bulbs, etc, to the House, the
committee on postoffices says that the de-
mand for reduction OF the postage on
this matter seems to be based on Justice.
The demand is supported by the agricul-
tural class. Since the conclusion OF the
postal convention with Canada, seeds from
u,at country has driven American seed
nom the market. and the discrimination
which makes our people pay four times rs
much as foreigners is unjust The burden
falls on the planter and the reduction will
inure to the benefit OF the agricultural
class. 1t is believed to be emincntly
proper to reduce the rate of postage on
seed one-half in view OF the fact that Con-
gress annually expends 100000 for distri-
tribution of such seed.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-03-17

Has heard hacks cross the bridge from his
photograph gallery The mind frequently
docs not register an audible sound; that de.
pends largely upon whether attention is
directed to 1t. Witness heard the small
pistol three or four times after the big re-
port. Ho never had any conversation with
Robinson the morning after the shooting
or at any subsequent time in which he
told him that he had Just heard OF the
shooting; that he was asleep at the time il
was going on. Immediately after the shoot.
ing witness went diagonally across the street
10 Ed Fitzgerald's and from there TO Heap
hey's store, where he remained for some
little time and then went back to his gal.
lery. Did not go TO the body. Witness
only heard the cry Of "murdor." Did not
hear "oh, murder" or any other cry, and
did not hear any beating or tramping.
When witness heard the shooting he 10.
Gated il about the bridge. lie thinks that
Lesscr's is about eighty yards west OF the
bridge and witness eighty yards west Of
Lesser's, and ne located shooting within
fifty or sixty feet OF where ii occurred.
REORGANIZATION by the State developed
nothing and at @: 10 o'clock the court ad.
journed till tomorrow morningat 0 o'clock.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-03-17
RAILROAD ACCIDENT.
A serIea. smashnp on the LacLawannl

BINGmAMToS, n. y, March l0.--An
accident occurred on the Delaware, Iacka.
wanna & Western railroad at Tracy's
Bridge this morning 10 passenger train
which left Buffalo at $50 o'clock last
night. The rails had spread, and all tho
cars following tho smoker left the track
and rolled, one on top OF the other, TO the
bottom OF tl,irty-ioot embankment.
There they caught he from the stoves,
and soon were n mass Of cd.hot embcrs.
The passengers crwled out Of tho win.
dows as best they could. Tho following
is list Of wounded, so far a. asccrtaincd:
The Hon. DavidGny, Of Buffalo, aud his
brother, who were on their way 10 Cuba;
both fatally injured.
j. T.. Tucker, Pullman car porter. New
York. badly cut aud burned, Is dying.
G.. Coleman, also Pullman car porter,
Buffalo; badly crushed.
Miss Il. Webster, oil City, Pa; back
severely injured.
w. DOclmkc, Cleveland, o., bad cuts on
head.
J. J. Zimmerman, Buffalo, bruised on
side aud knees.
Miss flant, Hamilton Ont, bruised and
cut
Morris Ilnke, Sanlusky, o., fracture Of
claviclc and two ribs broken.
Many Others were morc or less bruised
and cnt, but were able 10 take care Of
themselves. The wounded named arc at
the City hospital.
David Gray, Of Buffalo, Who was an In.
valid en- route 10 Cuba with his brother, IL
unconscious from the shock aud internal
injuries Ills brother is not 10 badly in
jurcd ~ at ant reported, and Is able to
walk about.
The passengers Lost all their hand bag.
gage, anl thoscin the slecpcr their money
and jewelry The passengers say the acci-
dent was not caused by tile spreading rails
B claimed by the company's officials, but
due solely 10 the ilnsy nature of the day
coach, which had been worn enough for
e.Itf.sNuaul