Morning journal and courier., 1888-09-19
Fiftieth Congress--First Session,
WAsH1NaroE, Sept. IS. SENATOR SHERMAN ON RETALIATION.

on foreign relations to inquire into the state
 of the relations of the United States with
 Great Britain and the Dominion of Canada
 and to report (at next session) such measures as are expedisnt to promote fRendly com- mercial and political intercourse between thoes countries and the United States, was taken up in the Senate this morning and Mir. Sherman proceeded to address the Senate. He said that the measure of retaliation pro posed by the President was far beyond the range of, and out of all propor- tion to, the complaint. He de- dent that article % of the treaty of 1871 had been terminated on the first ef July, 1878. A repeal by construction, he argued, was not favored by law Besides all the contracting parties treated that article as being in full force. The retaliation proposed by the President was retaliation against the United States. When President Grant had asked Congress for powers like these which President Cleveland now asked they had been refused him, and was Congress, he asked, now going to give to President Cleve- land powers which it had refused to President Grant. Congress had not undertaken to ab- rogate article go of the treaty of 1871, and that article was now in full force. Neither the interests of the American people nor public policy demanded its abrogation, but rather that it should be maintained in full force. He referred to the retaliation bill passed in the House as bill that had got in- to the House by 'tthe grapevine line" He concluded that it was not wise to give the President the additional power that he asked for.
 A PLEA FOR UNION WITH CANADA.
 The time had come when the people of the United States and Canada should take broader view of their relations to each other than had been hitherto practicable. The whole history of the two countries had been a continuous warning that they could not re- main at peace with each other except by po- litical as we'll as by commercial union. The way to union with Canada was not by un- friendly legislation but by friendly oyertures. The true policy of the government of the United States was to tender to Canada, free dom of trade and intercourse, and to make that tender in such fraternal way that it should be an overture to the Canadian people to become part Of the American govern- much that was good, nothing that was harm- full to any part of the country. The institu- tions of Canada were substantially like those of the United States. The people of both countries were in the main of the same stock. The proximity of the two countries was such that, while separated they might be enemies, if united they would be friends. The debt of Canada was no impediment. It could be assumed without its being burden.
 RETALIATION UNW1SEs
 The union could be only accomplished with the free and hearty assent of both people. The use of any force would defeat the object. It could not be promoted by controversies or retaliation. Those measures looked to and generally ended in war. No greater good could be accomplished than by wise and peaceful policy, to unite Canada and the United States under one common govern ment, carefully preserving to each it's own s,.Io o,EG = bus Unum" had been the discovery of the fathers of the republic, and had guided the American people thus far in safety and he believed that it could be and ought to be ex- tended to the people of Canada. With the firm conviction that that contamination most devoutly to be wished was within the womb of destiny, he was not wishing to vote for any measure that was not demanded by na- tional honor, and that would have tendency to postpone the good time coming when the symbol Of the union of all the English speak ing people on the continent from the Rio Grande to the Arctic ocean.
 Mir. Morgan replied to MT. Sherman, de~ scribing portion of his speech as "post mortem examination of the recent fisheries treaty" and adding that Mr. Sherman's zoll- verein idea had seemed to settle into 8 plan for the annexation Of Canada to the United States. He had been greatly surprised at the breadth of Mir. Sherman's treatment of the question and preferred to read that sena- tors speech before commenting upon 1t.
 Mir. Shermsn's resolution went over with out action.
 Mir. Stewart gave notice that he would fol- low Mir. Jones, of Arkansas, tomorrow on the subject of the presidents annual mes- sage. The Senate resumed consideration of the house bill to enlarge the powers and du- ties of the department of agriculture, and to create an executive department. The question was discussed by Senators Butler, Palmer, Plumb, Dawes, Bates, Hawley, Call, Blair and Platt, but no action was taken, and after short executive session, the Senate adjourned.
 HoUsE.-Mr. Barnes, of Georgia, introduc- cd bill offering @ reward of $100, 900 to any person of any nationality who will discover the true cause or germ of yellow fever with any certain means of effecting it's prevention destruction or modification, or who without the cause. or germ of said disease shall discover a certain and practical mode of sffecting it's prevention, destruction or ma. teIial modification. Referred.
 4 conference was ordered on the bill amending the interstate commerce law. Mr. Forney, of Alabama, then called up the con- ference report on the sundry civil appropria- ton bill.
 DEMOCRATIC ECONOMY.
 Mr. Cannon of Illinois made c speech on the general subject of appropriations, con- trasting the expenditure of the present ad- with those of the Arthur ad- and stated that the Democratic administration had expended in four years s96. .Oo0, 900 more than had been expended during the last four years of the Republican He the charged the Demo- crats with increasing the number of public officials and with increasing salaries. Three hundred and fifty salaries had been increased ! rzak. a0 ~nl~. AH.sh .zf the Democratic economist hanging on the willowl Why was he silent while his party was increasing expenditures He then took up and reviewed she financial policy of the administration, criti- cising President Cleveland for allowing the surplus to accumulate in the treasury. If the 41< per cent. of 1891 bonds were pur- would cost the government $96, ,500, 900, and $e, ,500, 900 would be saved to the people, while every dollar of the surplus would go into circulation. If the President did this 1t would be worth to him just 10000 retalia- ton messages Daughter and applause). The tempt by the President to weld the solid South with Wall street and on the structure thus erected, he hoped to climb 6 second time in- to the presidential chair.
 After some further debate on this question, Mir. O'Neill, of Pennsylvania, informed the House that on Tuesday next Hon. Samuel J. Randall would be unanimously re-nominated by the democratic convention of his state, The House adjourned, the democratic mem bers being anxious to get away to attend the caucus.
 Wranglfng Democrats.
 WASHINGTON, Sept. 16.-The Democratic caucus tonight adjourned without day when it was found that the Oates resolution to ad- journ Congress would not be carried. Mr. Oates and MT. MeCreary favored adjourn ment, but MT. Mckinney, of New Hampshire, and others vigorously opposed it.
 Life or General Sheridan.
 SPRINGFIELD, Mass, Sept. 1s.-Winter & Co.,, of this city, have put into the hands of their sgenks the first copies of the life of Sheridan. This is the book which has caused so much newspaper comment of late, and which certain interested parties have sought to disoredit in advance. The book was written by Colonel Frank A. Burr, an intimate friend of the deceased general, and in it's preparation and revision very valuable