The Emporia weekly news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1881-1889, 1888-08-23
VOL. 81. NO. 81.

passed by the congress of the United
States The ringing words of that
declaration for industrial independence
l wish might find Judgment in every
American heart:
Whereas it is necessary for the sup
port of the government, for the dis
charge of the debts of the nation, AND
FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT AND PRO
LECTION OF MANUFACTURERS that
duties be levied on imported goods,
wares, and merchandise.
A more positive declaration in favor
of the protective system it would be
difficult to find language to express.
This was the first important legislative
declaration under the federal conStitu
ton. The only other law that proceed
ed it was that of fixing the oath OF GER
tain federal officials. It was made even
before Washington was lnaugurated.
1t subsequently received his sanction,
and it is fact not without significance
that his approval was given to 1t on
day memorable in American history.
the 4th of July, 1879. 1t had the APP
proval of James Madison, Rufus King,
Roger Sherman, Trumbull, Lee, and 9
host of other leading men from all
parts of the union.
Additional tariff legislation was
had in 1870. Some duties were incre2s-
ed. The journal of the house of repre-
sentatives discloses the fact that Of the
thirty-nine votes given in favor or the
bill, twenty-one were from the south
ern states, thirteen from the middle
states, and five from the New England
states. OF the thirteen votes against
it, nine were from the New England
states. three from the southern states,
and one from the middle states. IL
will thus be seen that we are largely
indebted to the south for the Inaugural
ton and establishment of the protec-
tive system in the United States,
which has for the most part governed
our legislation since the formation OF
the government. For nearly sixty
vars of our national life this principle
in its fuiness has been -recog-
niZed in our avs, and when
ever recognized it has been accom-
panied by commercial and industrial
development, stimulating new enter
prises, and securing prosperity to the
masses without parallel in the worlds
annals.
The revenue tariff periods of our
history have deem periods OF greatest
financial revulsions and industrial
decadence, want and poverty among
the people, private enterprises checked.
and public works retarded. From 1888
to 1872, under the low tariff legislation
then prevailing, business was at
standstill, and our merchants and
traders were bankrupted; our indus
1
manned idle, and our capital was IN
employed. Foreign products crowded
our markets, destroyed domestic COM
petition, and, as invariably follows,
the price of commodities to consumers
were appreciably raised. 1t IS an in
structive fact that every panic this
, country has ever experienced
has been preceded by enOr-
NOUS importatiOns. From 1916 to 1851
similar situation was presented
under the low tariff of that period.
Contrasr this period with the period
from 1860 to 1880. the former under a
revenue tariff, the latter under pro-
: tective tariff. In 1860 we had 1853 ,OO0,-
Z 600 acres of improved land, while in
u 1880 we had 2S7 900 600, All increase OF
rs per cent. In 1860 our farms were
' valued at $3 200, 600, 900. In 1880 the
q value had leaped to $40, 1877 100000 an
: increase of over 300 per cent. In 1850
\ we raised 173 900, 600 bushels of wheat;
J in 1880 49S 600, 900. In 1860 we raised
4 S3S, 600 600 bushels of corn; in 1880 l y
III ,0O0, 900 bushels. In 1860 we pro-
duced 5, 600 900 bales of cotton; in 1880
: | 1000, 900 bales, an increase of 40 per
= | cent. In 1850 we manufactured cotton
L goods to the value of Sis, 6Sl ,774; in
1880 the value reached $211 600 600, an
= increase of upwards of so per cent. In
; 1866 we manufactured of WOODEN goods
= S6I, 000, 900; in 1880 1867 GOO, 600, an III
crease of 1913 per cent. In 1860 we pro-
; duced so, 600 600 pounds OF wool. in
; 1880, 24O, 600 900 pounds. an increase
I of nearly 800 per cent. In 1850 We
q mined Is ,OOO. 900 tons of coal; in 1880
= 40, 0O0, 600 tons. an increase of over 400
. per cent. In 1850 we kde 9S7 600 tons
/ of pig iron; in 1880 3 $50 600 tons. In
= 1S6Owe manufactured 235 900 tons of
: railroad iron, and in 1880 ,2O6, GOO
y tons. In 1860 our aggregate of nation
al wealth was $16 ,l59, 600 600; in 1880
; it was S43 ,OO0, 600 900.
From 1913 to 1860, during the low
y tariff period, there W as but single
y year in which we exported in excess of
: what we imported. The balance of
= trade during the twelve of the thirteen
;, were drained of their money to pay
y for foreign purchases. We sent abroad
u over and above our sales, 1896, 216 ,16f.
This vast sum was drawn from the
y United States, from its business, from
IS the channels of trade, which would
have been better employed in produc-
= ! Give enterprises and thus supplied our
wants for which we were compelled 70
go abroad. During the last thirteen
years, under a protective tariff, there
was but one year that the balance OF
le trade was against us. For twelve
l, years we sold to our foreign customers
y in excess of what we bought from them
. the sum of 81 ,612 1853, 755.
2; This contrast makes an interesting
y exhibit of the work under the two sys-
3 TENS, You need not be told that tie
~ government and the people are most
70 prosperous whose balance of trads is in
' their favor. The government is like
y the citizen, indeed it is but an aggrega-
]. ton of citizens; and when the citizen
IS buys more than he sells he is soon con-
T. scious that his years business has not
% been success.
II Our wealth increases 1915. 600 ,OOO
S5 every year, while the increase of France
y is 1876 200, 600; Great Britain 1875. O00,-
e coo, and Germany 5000, COG, 600. The
y total carrying capacity of all the vessels
!. entered and cleared from American
u ports during the year 1SSe-S7 in the for
U eign trade was q, 900, 900 tons. The
u amount OF freight transported by the
railroads of the United States was alone
y 49,, 600 600 tons during the same period,
e The sum of our industries exceeds
that of any other people or tribe or M.
: tionality. Mulhall, the English Stats.
= tician, places the industries of the Uni
y ted States at 81 ,405. 900, 600 annually.
y which is S2,205, 600 900 greater than
= those Of the United Kingdom of Great
= Britain, nearly twice that Of France OF
= Germany, neatly three times that Of
= Russia, and almost equal TO the aGgre'
= gated industries of Austria, Italy,
= Spain, Belgium, Holland, Australia,
y Canada, and Sweden and Norway.
u This advancement is the world won.
der. The nations of the earth cannot
furnish sucls splendid exhibition Of
= progress in any age Vr period. We defy
- revenue tariff policy TO present such
- an exhibition of material prosperity and
- industrial development. Arts, science
~ and literature have held their own N
- this wonderful march. We are pros-
y pereus to-day beyond any other people
y The masses are better cared for, better
is pIosluSu .OI tI...,, an y
=. our history. which cannot be said of The
y masses of other countries