Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-03-22
HuDSoN'S BAY PEOPLE.
Family Life Of tho Eskimo Who well
Near the Great Inland Ocean.

Family Life of tho Eskimo Who Dwell
Near the Great Inland Ocean.
In the summer each family has its
own home, but in winter two or more
families live together for the sake of in
creased warmth and economy of fuel.
The summer residence is a tent made OF
sealskins with the hair scrapcd off, giving
much the appearance of yellowish parch,
ment, which is stretched over poles of
driftwood arranged in the ordinary zone
shape. The door always faces toward
the water by whose side they are camped,
and at the opposite side of the tent is the
bed, composed of mss covered with
sealskn. As they sleep with head point
ing dOorward, they necessarily lie down
hill, owing to the natural slope of the
land toward the shore. THIS does not
seem either n comfortable or healthy po-
sition, but apparently they are none the
worse for it. On either side Of the door
way is their larder, consisting of exceed.
ingly repulsive looking piles Of seal meat
and BUILDER, which give forth an Odor
that Samson himself, with his hair at its
longest. could hardly wrestle with sue
cessfully, SO overwhelming is tSstrcngth.
The winter habitations are made en-
tirely Of snow, and are generally built
under the sheltering Ice of "a rock, in the
drift that accumulateS there. The build
ers bagin by marking out on the SNOW n
circle about fifteen feet in diameter,
which represents the inner side of the
walls, and with q saw or long bladed
knife they cut out blocks of snow, from
three to six feet long 10y a foot thick anu
high. from inside the circle they have
marked; then, placing the blUcks around
the circle. they carry the walls up spir
ally mot in tiers, until they meet in Il
keystone above, at "A distance Of about
nine feet from the eNcavated level CT the
floor. The result is. except, of course, as
10 color, the production of a gigantic bee
hive, over the door or in the center of tho
roof of which is set a big block Of fresE
water ice to serve the purpose Of a win,
dow in lighting All interior that, although
stainless white at first, is suon bl3ckened
by the ever smoking, evil smelling lamps
the inmates Use.
Inc lhlliNhIt VI llltNf Huiluu InNtS Is
very simple. as may be readily supposed.
1t consists of a bed place or divan along
the side Of the ''igloo,' opposite the door,
and two tireplaces, n on either hand Us
YOU enter. These are made of firmly
packed snow, and raised about three feet
Above the floor, the divan having its
outer edge faced with a pole to prevent
it from crumbling away when used as a
seat in the day time. The beds are made
up in the following manner; First, a
layer Of moss spread over the snow; next,
a layer of sealskins; then a layer Of bear
or deerskins, and finally the sleeping
bags, which resemble exaggerated pillow
slips, only that fur takes the place of
linen, and the fur is double, so that there
may he hair both inside and outside.
Into these bags. Of which each adult has
one, the Eskimo. stnpped to the bare
buff, creeps for the night, and
sleeps very comfortably. Up TO the
age OF 10 the children share their
parents bag. after that they are pro-
NOTED to having one Of their own.
Their fires are nothing more than
lamps rudely fashioned out Of soapstone,
and so arranged as o he self-supplying. a
mass Of blubbcr being hung in such clOss
proximity 10 the flame that the fat is
converted into oil. which, dripping into
the bowl below, is consumed by means
Of a moss wick. As the lamp has no
chimney. and both oil and wick are of
the poorest, the result is the reverse of
brilliant, neither light nor heat being OBJ
tanned in what we would consider a
satisfactory quantity. Just above
the lamps a sealskin is stretched TO
prevent the heat thawing the roof away,
a precaution that seems hardly necessary.
seeing that the ordinary temperature Of
these snow huts is % dogs. at the roof
and "a degs. at the level Of the beds: in
other words. from 5 to 8 dogs. below
freezing point.
In order to keep out "a much cold as
possible, the doorways are very low and
narrow, a fact which explains the curious
phrase with which the hosts speed their
parting guests. namely: "Tabourke apcr-
MAX in alit'-that Ia: ''Good-by; don't
bump your head. y. Macdonald Oxley
in American Ma-GZiup,