Morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven [Conn.]) 1848-1894, 1888-08-29
WHERE WE GET oOLoRs.

All Departments of Nature Taxed to
supply the Demand for Pigments.
from the British Journal of Photography
From the cochineal insects are obtained
the gorgeous carmine, as well as the crimson.
scarlet, csrmine and purple lakes. Sepia is
the inky fluid discharged by the cuttlefsh to
render the water opaque for its concealment
when attacked. Indian yellow is from the
camel. Ivory black and bone black are
made of ivory chips. The exquisite Prus-
sian blue is got by fusing horses hoofs and
other refuse animal matter with impure po-
tassium carbonate. It was discovered by an
accident. In the vegetable kingdom are in
eluded the lakes, derived from roots, barks
and gums. Blue-black is from the charcoal
of the vine stalk. Lampblaek is SCOT from
certain resinous substances. From the mad
der plant, which grows in Hindostan, is
manufactured Turkey red. Gamboge comes
from the yellow sap of a tree, which the ma
tives of Siam catch in ceooanut shells. Raw
sienna is the natural earth from the neigh
borhood of Sienna, Italy. Raw lumber is an
earth from Umbria and is also burned. To
these vegetable pigments may probably be
added Indian ink, which is said to be made
from burnt eampher. The Chinese, who
alone produce it. will not reveal the secret
of its composition. Mastic-the base of the
varnish SO called-is from the gum of the
mystic tree. Indigenous to the Grecian arch
lpelago. Bistre is the SCOT of wood ashes.
OF real ultramarine, but little is found in the
market. Itsis obtained from the precious
lapis lazuE and commands fabulous price.
Chinese white is zinc, scarlet is iodine of
mercury, and cinnabar or native vermillion
is from quicksilver ore.
wHERETHE BEGGARs ARE RICH.
Their Perfect Organization In Thrace
Brings them Wealth and Comfort.
from the Cornhill Magazine.l
Perhaps the most curious of all guilds in
an Oriental town, and one which fourishes
exceedingly in Cavalla, is the beggars' guild.
Like other guilds, they have their own laws,
/ their President, and their Council; this
Council gives diploma to those who wish to
beg, and without permission no one burst
seek aims at the churches, mosques, or street
| doors; all the legitimate beggars would rise
up in arms against him, and his life would
/ not be worth much. Friday is the recognized
beggars' day, on which day they go round
| from door to door and get their wallets filed
| with bread and beans; these are divided by
| the community; nothing is private property
| it is against their creed.
The beggars' brotherhood is rich; they
possess house property, the income of which
| is spent for the benefit of the community,
and once year-on the day of st. John the
Charitsble-they have a feast. They all &c
to church on this day; it would be difficult
to recognize the tidily dressed members OF
| this honorable community in their best
clothes; rags and tatters are only de rigueu1
for them when they are on their rounds
Beggary pays very well. If beggar's daugh
ter marries she is lowered by the community
the President sees to the betrothal and his
consent is essential. At Salonica BLIND
Demetrius is the President; he is easily re
cognized as he parades the streets, singing hi
everlasting wall:
Day and night, day and night, live in the dark
Wretch that ami hear the world, but I canno
| see it.
And though you know him to be a riel
man, that his wife is well dressed, and tina
his daughter will receive handsome dover
his plea for aims is almost irresistible.