davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1888-02-17

tV-For Sale.-A yoke Of line well.broken
oxen. James Kelly, Thomas Run. 3teb3t
tsy-Seed Sugar Corn and Tomato Seed for
Sale.-Stowells Evergreen and New Egyptian
Corn, New Queen and Livingston's Beauty
Tomato Seed, also Havana Tobacco Seed. E.
A Bagloy, Reckord, Md. 3leb
e%-For S.c.-Two well-bred and good
sizsd Colts. ". p. Beokord, Reckord, Nd.
3feb4t
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1888-02-17

B-Prlme Glover and Timothy Seed for sale
at David Hapway's 1t
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1888-02-17
Dress Goods Department.

In this department may be found a complete
stock of the most fashionable designs and novel
ties in Silks. Velvets Cloths. Cashmeres Henri
eta Cloth, Plaid and Mixed SuitinRs, together
with a general assortment of other Dress Goods.
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1888-02-17
Cor. Gay & High Stg., Baltimore,

Although established a century ago, was never
in a more prosperous condition. Every depart
ment is full and complete, consisting of all the
latest STYLES and qualities
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1888-02-17

c4y- Don't you want new Sewing Machlney
If SO you can be furnished with any of the Best
Makes, by addressing by mail the undersigned.
Machines sold on easy terms and guaranteed
for FIVE years. Also for sale the Celebrated
Estey Organs. Old Machines repaired when left
at the office. Be sure and use Jetfrey's Machine
Oil on your Sewing Machine, and have it run
| light and easy. Needles and findings always on
hand VIM. G. Jeffrey, office Main St., Bel
Air, Md. The "Light Running Domestic" still
at the head aus
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1888-02-17

t4y-Oakland School, Fallston, Md.-Practi~
cal Teaching for Farmers Boys, in Book keep,
ing, Arithmetic, Letter Writing, Chemistry
Surveying. Truths illustrated by experiment.
Term Moderate 23dec
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
Uses of the Willow.

II is an interesting fact that not only
is the presence Of extensive growths Of
the willow found &c be anti-malarial in
its influence. but that from n certain
pccies of this same beautiful tree. or its
bark, is derived the comparatively new
but well known antiseptic preparation
called sulicine; it is Of apurc, bitter taste,
highly febrifugal in quality, is largely
used in various solutions, also in surgical
operations, and is the most eifectual pre-
ventive of putrefaction in the system yet
known. For these purposes the willow
is now being extensively and systemat-
ically cultivated. At the end of two
years the switches are from four to seven
feet long. and are cut and gathered into
punches like sheaves of wheat; in the
stripping building they are stepped in
water and the bark at the larger ends
looscued for a couple of inches by ma
chinery; one by one the switches are
placed in the mechanical stripper and
with n pair Of pliers are pulled through
with n sudden jerk, being then wiped off
with a wooden cloth. bundled, and laid
away to dry. All the leaves and bark
are dried and baled, the average yield be-
ing a ton to the acre, the willows COM
handing, when dry, $500 per TOM
Frank Leslie's.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
Statistics Concern,pr Public Ilbrari,.,

Some library statistics show that the
European country which possesses the
largest number of public Libraries is Aus
tria. In Austria there are nc fewer than
577 public Libraries, containing 5,475, 900
without reckoning maps and manu-
scripts-a total which comes out at 90
volumes per 100 of the population.
France possesses 500 public libraries,
containing 4.59S, 900 volumes and 1885,
900 manuscripts, or IL volumes per 100
of the inhabitants, Italy ranking next
with 40S libraries, 4,3i9,0 900 volumes
and $50, 000 manuscripts, or 1G volumes
per 100. In Germany the public libra
ries number 39s. containing 2.G40, 600
volumes and $4,000 manuscripts, or II
volumes per 100 of the population.
Great Britain possesses only 200 public
libraries, according to these statistics, the
volumes numbering 2,S71,OO0 and the
manuscripts 10000. There are l4j
libraries in Russia, with 952, 900 volumes
and $4,000 manuscripts, or a frsction
over l volume to 100 persons.
1t is noteworthy that in Bavaria alone
the public libraries number 100, with
1865, 900 volumes and $4,000 ann
scripts. Reviewing the principal libra
ries separately, it appears that the most
considerable in Europe is the Bibli-
otheque Rationale, in Paris, with 2.O7s,-
900 volumes, while the British museum,
with its millions of books, assumes the
next place. Then comes the Munich
Royal library, containing 500, 600 vol
umes; the Berlin. Dresden and Vienna
libraries taking rank as follows in the
same order; 100, 600. 500, coo. and AGO.
900 volumes. The Oxford and Ileidel-
berg universities each possess about $780,
600 books. At the Vatican the manu-
scripts attain almost as large a total as
the printed works. The latter number
10000, while the manuscripts are re-
turned at %, OO0.-Home Journal.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
A. Trick of Napolcon's partlsans.

Archbishop Whately, commenting
upon the effects produced 10y rumors,
mentions the great. influence of one re-
port which preceded Bonaparte's return
from Eiba.
When the return had beenplotted and
Just before it was executed, Napolpon's
partisans went through France seeking
land to purchase. When about to close
the bargain for a field, they would ask To
be shown the title.
If they found, as they generally did,
that the field was land which had been
confiscated AT the Revolution, they broke
OF the negotiation at once. The title,
they declared, wa insecure; for the
Bourbon government of Louis XVIII did
not recognize the legality OF the act Of
confiscatiun.
Their acts and words spread through
out France he rumor that the Bourbons
meditatcd the resumption Uf all these
lands-the chief part Of E:unce-to re-
store them TO the former owners. The
rumor. thus artfully started and spread
abroad. caused thousands of peasant pro-
u~rietors 70 welcome Napoieon's return,
because thereby the downfall Of the
Bourbons would occur.-Nouth's Com
panion,
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
A u

Down where the shores OF To-morrow's Land
Are washed by the River of Time,
ADaydream fair reared into the air
A castle ~ height sublime;
And working he sang this rhyme:
.sThere are none who weep, there is naught Of
sorrow
In this, the Joyous and of Tomorrow"
Higher and higher the castle tall
Uplifted its battlements strong,
And cleaning bright, he placed on the height
The Star OF Hope; then long
And loud he sang his song:
''There are none who weep, there is naught Of
sorrow
In this, the Joyous Land of Tomorrow"
All But a whirlwind Of Fate all dark,
Came over that region So blest.
The cleaning star fell down from afar
Till shattered, his Hope lay pressed
Down, down ON the Daydream's breast.
But, did no one weep nor feel In sorrow
dream lay dead in the Land Of Tomorrow.
Florence Converse in New Orleans TlIues-Demo.
cral
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
Growth Of the Telegraph.

When the first electric telegraph was
established. according to the British
postmaster general, the speed Of trans
mission was from four 10 five words a
minute on the five needle instruments.
In 1S49 the average rate for a number Of
newspaper messages was seventeen words
a minute. The present pace Of the cleo
ting telegraph between London and Dub
lin, where the Wheatstone automatic in
strument is employed, reaches 4G2 words
a minute; and thus what was regarded
rs miraculous sixty years ago has multi
piled a hundredfold in one-half century.
Boston Budget.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
PITY the Poor Woman.

A State street physician gives il as his
opinion that four-lifths Of the earnings
Of his profession are derived from wo-
men. though in this estimate he does not
include the very large and prosperous
class Of specialists whose services are re-
guircd by men only. II is n sal COM
mentary upon the morals { the COM
munity the existence and prosperity Of
hundreds Of such special - for men, and
the picture is less encouraging on the
other side, whore 50 many women with
health impaired by foolish dressing, inn
proper diet and violations Of the laws of
nature, maintain an army Of medical
practitioners. 1t is only among civilized
peoples that women are less hcaIthful
than men. let doctors and the common
surmise tell why this is 50. The fact re-
mains that there may be seen on the
streets Of Chicago twenty strong, hand
some men above the age Of 30 10 wo-
man. The woman who Is able 10 retain
her youthful comelinc-s beyond 80 Is the
exception. Good looking men " middle
or even advanced age are NJ common as
hagstones, while n handsome matron Is
almost n curiosity. Chicago Herald.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
The Life of Neretahlrs.

V~egetarians, indeed, viii say that the
universal adoption Of their creed would
do away with all the cruelty of the mar
ket and the kitchen. Would ii? How
do they. know that il does not hurt a
potato TO be boiled, 1r an apple to be
peeled? Animals arl fishes and fowls
are alive. they argl,e; but 50 are vege-
tables and fruits ali e. That an orange
makes no outcry wnen it is cut open is
no proof,hat il dos not feel pain. At
any raTe, in picking and eating it, we
deliberately sacrifice lis life, and that,
too, without any necessity on n part in
doing so. But tile softest hearted Of us
neve feel am computations Of con-
science on tbs account. New York
Commercial Advertiser.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24

Pastel painting IL once more finding
patrons in England. The splendid por-
traits which Alfred Stevens lately exhib-
tied in Brussels were enough 10 make
Fashionable people eager 10 revive tho
art. In Paris there is a society Of pastel
painters. One of the members, NJ. la.
Gaze, has discovered n process 10y Which
permancncy is insured Ia the coiors, and
il has received the official approval OF
the society. Hitherto a fixing process
has always diminished the beauty Of the
colors, and hence pastel painting, having
10 depend ON the crayons alone, was re
strictcd 10 countries where there are
fewer atmospheric changes than in Eng
hnd.-Home Journal.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
rrrlis, and American Klt,hers.

A Philadelphia lady who has Just re-
turned from a long visit in London was
recently discussing certain domestic
points peculiar TO England and compar-
ing them with relative matters here.
1--WE all know" she said. ''as housckoep-
ers, the worry we have if or kitchens
are in the basement, though they have
elevators and dumb walters. stationary
washtubs, hot and cold water, are carpet
ed and fitted with every conceivable con-
venience. In Il London house the
kitchens are always in the hasemcnt-no
elevators, no washWbs. and by no
means any 'friyoliues' in the way
Of c~onveniences. But an English
kitchen is a picture, nevertheless. The
bright tins and coppers, the Furnished
dish covers ranged in sizes, tie well
stored ~cupboarls, the many tables for
every conceivable purpose. the range Of
the most perfect make and large size and
the entire absence Of the dirty part Of
the kitchen work, which il confined to
the adjoining scullery, make q contrast
ing picture Of GggrGyatlOn to us, who,
while we adore all these kitchen virtues,
seldom arrive at them. Though our
kitchens in Philadelphia be large and
airy, our help, as n rule, are incapable Of
sustaining the dignity Of an English
cook. who is a person Of dignity aud re-
spectability. We pay high wages, give
great privileges and are not allowed TO
order our own dinners and, ut any rate,
are not expected 10 recorder the remains"
Philadelphia Press.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
An Impractical Military Fashion.

Among the curious and impractical
fashions in equipment of the soldier is this:
In the cavalry generally it may be said
that the man is possessed Of two weapons
"a sword which is most useful when he is
mounted and a carbine which is valuable
when he is on foot. Fashion has so
ordered it that the sword is attached TO
his person and remains with him when
he is dismounted at the great risk of
tripping him up, whereas the lirearm is
attached TO his horse, so that if parted
from that animal, for however short a
time, he is incapable of defending him.
self, because the sword is of little use to
him when off his steed. In an ideal
army such anomalies as this would GER
tainly be remedied.-The Fortnightly Re-
view.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
Gnsnlinr rneI for Motors.

The use Of gasoline as n fuel for small
motors is taken advantage Of in a recent
invention of a small engine Ia be attached
20 bicycles and ~tricyclrs, With this a
speed Of ten miles am hour ran DO
attained on level ground. Sufficient fuel
can be carried for a run Of twenty-five
miles, and the weight Of the whole plant
with tanks filed, is but lsj pounds. -
Chicago Times.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24

Some of the members of the Barrymore
family were known by names rather ap-
propriate to their character. Lord Bar
rymore, eldest of the family Of Barry,
ran a short career. and bore the nick
name of "IIellgate." His brother, the
Hon. Henry Barry, was clubfooted. and
dubbed "CrPplegate," while the Hon.
and Rev. Augustus Barry, wen less rep
utable than the two others, went by the
name Of 'Newgate, - owing to his fire.
quent incarcerations. The sisters ready
and copious use of oaths obtained for her
the soGriquet Of "Billingsgate Rec
ords of Noble Families
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
An EnrIl.n Ludrs,. Deei.Inn.

The dnmorali2ing influence Of an in
come tax is thus recognized by the Eng
lish bench; Air. Justice stephen recently
said in q case before lin that the
standard Of public morals was 50 low
with respect to income tax returns that
the adm-si Of n false return should
not inyaidate a mans claim TO bc be-
lievod on oath in relation to private trans
actions. New York sun.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
facts About Berlin.

A lover OF the "curious IN number"
has arrived at some interesting facts
about Berlin. The city has 2l0 miles
Of streets, 50 that n person might walk
ten days in the capital without rctracing
his steps. II the 400, 900 inhabitants
marched in double file thry would form
a line nearly $50 miles in length. II the
citizens determined 10 start upon a jour.
ney nt the same time, all the cars OF
Germany would accommodate but two
thirds OF the number New fork
Tribune.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
A FruitlesS search.

Chicago Philanthropist-What's the
matter, my poor mani
Chicago Burglar ltearfullyl-I was in
that job the other night where a good
citizen got killed. It was an accident,
and | feel SO bad over il | want to give
myself up and explain how it happened.
''Well. why don't you do it;''
Il can't find any of the police or
detective. They're all Off workin' ON
clews. Omaha World.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
I,aly,s rIcture.oue Cos,umes,

Tourists all complain that there are no
more striking costumes left In Italy, and
that the people here even in the back
rural districts strive 10 initiate Partisan
or English fashions. | am told that the
peasant dress as a picturesque costume
has disappeared except in the south Of
Italy.-T. C.. Crawford in New York
Wnrll
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
How the Grouse "Drums."

/ have had some experience with the
ruifed grouse. The peculiar noise made
by them while drumming is usually
made while the bird is standing upon a
log. but the log has nothing whatever to
do with the sound produced. The bird
while drumming assumes an upright po-
sition and droops his wings until the
flight feathers almost or quite touch the
log or other perch on which he stands.
He then, by AN intense muscular effort,
makes quick, spasmOdic beats with his
wings, In doing this the ends of the
wing feathers may, and perhaps some
times do touch the log; but it is the in
tense quiycr Of the fight feathers. az they
come in contact with the still air. in the
short and intensely rapid beats that pro-
duce the soft, yet powerful and far reach
ing sound. No impact Of a feather or
feathers with a solid substnnce-ospecially
a o covered log-could ever make a
sound capable Of being heard for n quar-.
ter Of a mile. The air seems 10 he filled
with the sound, soft as il is tnd II seems
TO come TO you from every direction, 80
that il requires n quick and practicod car
to locate Il correctly. This is proof posi-
tive that il Is produced by vibrntory ac'
ton in the air, and not by the impact Of
two solid substances. Cor. American
Field.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24

I would rather he Henry Bprgh with
a theory Of mercy put 10 practice than
Che noblest poet ever born who never did
anything but sing.-'Amber" in Chi
cago journal.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
A InnsI Of Hlnnh.

Along the upper Nile a wing of the
BARR tribe bleed their cattle monthly
and cook the blood with their flour and
meal. They esteem this n luxury and
the dish is eaten with great relish.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24

So extreme was the cold in Austria
during the winter of 1901 that wolves
were driven into Vienna and attacked
cattle and men.
Daily Yellowstone journal., 1888-04-24
DR.. LIEBTG & co.

Tie European Medical sian and Special Surgeons
and Physicians Of the Ltcbig World DispensaTy
and International Surgical Institute,
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02
Irent Sum hcs QcbcnsI

gaie 1T Die @elt bod 10 id6H, Iii Der
mir tcbcn! Die 9tdtur 9icht uns Die
GdDnbciten upn Berg mo Sbal, 5(uB
uno Otcer, uno tuulenoidltise @euiiIe.
@ir tbmen ms nid)ts 9eIieres uilnz
i6en, iuenn mir babel seiuno limb.
Iber iuie bdufi9 perliercn Die Wcnid)cn
ale 6reuOe oil oieIem idDncn Salcin,
penn tic non 9runfbeit sepla9t iino
pdbrello op9 ieher 9eiOenOe lid 10
lei6t iiberjeuseu tnnn, oaB n3rcen's
4ugut 6lower" i'm bon olcm
2eiben befreien fam, 10 ouB er fublt
fpie neusebOren. @oseui6lud6e uno
2eberleiben iino Die b~ireftcn llriaden
BON Is 8rOcent FOLDER &ranfbeiten,
Wie 8ilioiitdt, llnueroaulidfeit, Ser
~itupfuug, 9opflueb, @eruoiitdt, S9uins
Def Ser5flupIea nnb anberen bedngiti9cnz
ben Spmptomen. 9rei GOisn bon
4ugult 6lo1e ct iuirb punberpoae
@irfuts baben. MuitcrHaidcn 10
Gents. geriu1t es!
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02
.,e y,eoeutu,ae Ses sat6artns.

Dldn i6reibt Der pSd9l. Hunbf6au":
Dit Der TaritelIung bes MIR ou6 in ben
Sanbel 9ebra6ten Sac6arins lit irwobl
fur oie 9lrsneimittelturoe, ipie fur Die
Observation-Disclosures Gin Stpff gelppus
men mcrccn, her pprausii6tlib fur beioe
Don Der gr6Btcn Midti9teit tperpen miro.
Der Name uSacharin" fam 3u Der irris
aen 0pritclIuta ocrIcitcn, bab Der reHe
5tcii ir9eno cine demii6e Serpanptiddit
nit benz 3uder Qat. saccharum) babe,
auein bdS Sde6arin lit %ilberbaupt ni6t,
rie Der 3uder, Gin 9oblebpbrdt, ionhcrn
cine S6mefeIperbinoung Der Sensreidurc,
uno ibertriiit an SI6trait Den 3udcr I'm
cas Greibunbertfa6eI 0ieies 8rrsugs
peaen niro es ppbI in Der ausgecebutez
item @eiie als Grias fur ben 3uder be-
must peroen; e5 ipIlen bamit Scnbrns,
biscuits, 2iqueure, @eine II. bcrgI. IN.
bcrseiteIlt ipercen, bic iib habur6 UNI eli
men beSeutenren She'll oes Breiics billiz
acr aIs bisber iteIIen ruerben. GO lit dtcr
Su bcmertcn, raj bds Sde6drin feine
Ndbrfraft beiist. Sir Die !6siIfuuhe riro
es baourb prn @idtigteit, Rap lid
baraus cine icbr brauhbare tSlIe fur
bitter unb undn9enebm idmedence arsz
neimitteI, pie Gbinin, Wrrpbium, Strp6z
min Ii. I. No., berIteIlen Iibt. Na4 Inter
Iu6ungen. Die YrrTeIrr Saltcpsti I'M
SerIirer patbrIpaiiden Snititut anseiteIIt
bat, foil hes sacdarin perer ouf rem
Spei6eI, urd auf ben M~a8enidit nads
tbeiIise @irtunsen duSlben, pieImebr
bat lid er9eben, odB tos Sdebarin Die
Sdbisteit bat, bic 6dbrung ME bic 6dulz
nib rrganiider Stcffe auf5ubaIten unc su
%perbinoern; tesbalb wirc Der neue SuBs
itoif aud sur 6cnieruirung Der 0iil6 erns
pfphIen.
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02

Bel SrantDunben lit pas auIs
Ieaen ron rob 9eriebeuen Sartonsln elm
aLtes 2inberun9smitteI; au6 Wfebl pcer
Del lit gum auflegen su empfeblen. -
Die Slaien narf man ni6t duhbneteen,
b66itsns t5nnen ie anaeitp&en pereen.
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02
6lei6erma6erin.

lints.,si6nrts emsfstit i'd ben Edmsn
Scrmann's uub llrnsssenc oils alsieernatsr.
in uup bittst un stneistsn 3uirru&. Slti'
her fir Da aen Mdbhcn uup ainrcr psreen
auf has 6jsla II adocafe mad Der nsuefen
Rpse uat IL istr nisseren prs,fsn tsrss-
felt.
Warp Slattner.
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02

Sas fIcifia eSicn6cr 1T Idn9e
ais Multer oe5 6ieibes unp Der llnermiipz
libfeit oepricieu rprhcn, br6 rei6 mdn
Jest, bd6 oie Siene oieie3 Iberi6rdngz
Ii6e 2rb gar nitt pcrnieut. Sbotii6Ii4
drbeitet rds "ileiBiae Sien6cn" niht
ldnger aIs hrei Stuupcn nes Cages unb
lit Uibrcno cer lbrigeu 3eit nidts rpeiter
ais elm tIeiuer SduIlenScr uno Summlcr.
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02

mir bort Die nutDpenOise ueberseuauna
perlHaren, OBJ i6 Sir trauen bari. aber
mage tetnea Slu6tperiu6: bas 8Iei bies
yes SpppelpiftpIs piirSe fribcr bur5
Seinen 5irntaiten i6Iasen, ais gu brei
S6ritte setban bdttet. @dbIe ben @ea
nm bic Stabt, bamit mir DOT Iditisen SeI
gesnungen fiber finb. limb nunmcbr
uprpdrts 10
Hermanner Volksblatt. [volume] (Hermann, Mo.) 1875-1928, 1888-03-02
,,s ssaates aon;tsr

Big s4 s;r"lsS supiteI.
sas;s5s,n oi S's s. sisnti bottle arons ..
Z aSt "a. mon aq' ise " b. butte ispo5i i Sas
ss9 bic s,a i our Seimtebr anbut,
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-08-31
PERFECTION IN COOKERY.

No agency has assisted much toward rerfection in
cookery the Royal Baking Powder Perfection in
cookery demands the best methods and the pures and
most effective articles to work with Cream OF tartar and
soda sae1aus and milk could never be used in
the exact proportions required to raise proper ood hence
when depending upon hem the cook frequently found her
bread cake: biscuit pastry heavy bitter yellow, with
Jumps of soda that set the teeth edge She never
OF article that perfect the much less
that pure for the of and soda pur-
chased at the shops always contained lime and was e
quently adulterated with alum In the Royal Baking
Powder the leaenng agencies exist in proportions that
chemically accurate that after there none Of the
ingredients left in the food All it's parts are absolutely
pure hence there be impurities deleterious
substances impaired to the finished product. It CT the
highest and always exactly the eavoning powcr and
Its strength deerioaes with ag therefore the
effect always is produced by given Quantity the lghtest
food is insured and there doub Of its effective
ness matter what its age When used directed the
Royal Baking Powder fails to produce pure whole
and palatabe food while is more economical than
of tartar and soda milk and saleratus
all ways superior to yeast
The Royal Baking Powder is indispensable to pro-
gress in cookery, comfort and convenience in the
culinary work of the household, and the production
Of the most perfect and wholesome bread and pastry