davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
HOW INDIANA HAS GONE.
Doubtful She Is and Has Been Since the
War,

Doubtful She Is and Has Been Since the
War.
Indiana is, in the fullest sense of that phrase,
doubtful state" Its central western posi-
ton is such that it received from the start a
large immigration from the slave holding
states and from the northeastern states; and
there are well informed citizens who claim
that they can trace the line of separation
across the state, in a west-northwest direc-
ton, between these two classes, as clearly as
if it were n geological outcrop. The original
settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia
and North Carolina have long since become a
small minority in the southern counties, and
the later immigrants from the east are
scarcely more prominent in their section;
natives outnumber all others two or three to
one, still retaining many characteristics of
their original stock,
Coming into the Union during that era
when all the tendencies were Democratic,
Indiana adopted the politics of the age and
from 1916 to 1856 inclusive gave her electoral
vote to every Democratic candidate but one.
that one being William Henry Harrison.
Voting Democratic ten times and Wing but
once, the state naturally gave Buchanan a
handsome majority in 1856. In 1860 she
broke her record and gave Lincoln hand
some plurality, the opposition being divided.
In 1864 the state gave Lincoln about &c, 600
majority, but as soon as the war excitement
passed it began to return to its old moorings.
In 1868 the Republican candidate for COVER
nor, Conrad Baker, received but few hun
dred majority, and in 1879 Thomas A Hen
bricks, Democrat, succeeded by about the
same majority; but in both years Grant re-
ceived the electoral vote by fair majorities.
For the purposes of present comparison we
may assume 1870 as the year when parties in
Indiana were reorganized after the war. In
that year the state was Democratic. Al
subsequent elections, state and national, the
vote of Indiana has been as follows-the
presidential vote being taken in each presi
Dental year, secretary Of state in other
years.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
New Light.

As election day comes close we still read
of changing opinions as to its result, on the
strength of alleged changes in the political
situation. The current which was setting
one way q short time ago has now turned
and is going the other, we are told. cam
didate's prospects which were black are now
rosy, and his opponents luck is visa versa
The truth is, though, that the changes which
occur in a canvass after the beginning of its
last sixty days don't amount to much. Ex-
cept in extraordinary cases of emotional
stampede, such as that which the Rev. DR..
Burchard visited on a large number Of
Blaine's supporters in 1884, material changes
toward the end Of a campaign are contrary
to the rule; and If they are reported as hap
pening, the truth most likely is that the re-
porter has discovered a state of things Of
which he was ignorant and which has ac-
tually existed for some time.
As a campaign stands about two months
or more before election, it is as apt to stand
on the decisive day. Talk about later
changes is mostly moonshine. The talker
was either deceived In his prognostication at
first or he is deceived now.-New York Sun.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
"Balance of Trade"

The fiscal returns are given on the Both OF
June each year, and therefore the figures
credited to any one year really include half
the preceding year.
From 1851 to 1861 the excess of imports
over exports was in round numbers $780,
10000, that being the era in which the
United States produced much more gold
than it used, and the surplus going abroad
produced return tide of goods.
From 1861 to 1874 the excess Of imports
over exports was 81, JOG, 294, 500, that being
the era in which the United States used
paper money almost exclusively, and the
gold thrown out Of circulation was largely
exported, foreign goods returning to balance
it. The panic Of 1s73-74 reduced prices,
checked the export Of gold and increased the
export Of goods; hence
From June 80, 1873, to the present the ex-
cess of exports over imports has reached a
total but little less than 81 GOO, 000,0 900.
THUS the grand total for the thirty-seven
years shows an excess of exports over imports
of very nearly e224, 900 900. This does not
mean, however, that the difference is paid in
coin; for during the same years the United
States has exported much more gold than it
imported
The explanation may be found by study
ing the fiscal statistics Of Great Britain.
That country always imports more than il
exports, the balance often exceeding $500, 0O0,-
600 a year, for which there are two reasons;
Q) Great Britain owns half the ocean ship
ping of the world, and other nations hire her
to do their carrying; "a Great Britain also
has at least IS. 600 OOO,C COO invested in Other
countries, and the profits on such investments
go to her In goods.
Thus the United States exports to England
about $4OO, 900 900 worth yearly Of grain
cotton. etc and very rarely imports from
that country more than e25o, OOO, 600 worth
The balance goes to pay her for ocear
freights, profits on her American invest
ments and TO meet an adverse balance" II
South America.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
A CHART OF THE 1-RIFFS.
Showing Fluctuations from 1850 to thu
Present Tir.c.

Showing Fluctuations from 1889 to tho
Present Tiulc.
The accompanying CHI e.. IS destined to
show, as nearly Us possible, lie variations In
the tariff on imports from the original act
signed July 4, 1885, to the act of March,
1888, aud the level proposed by the Mills
bill. The horizontal lines are for percent
ages and the vertical for years, and the fol-
lowing basis is assumed for convenience of
comparison. As the existing tariff Is COM
monty spoken Of as "47 per cent. tariff"
half way between that and zero is taken as
an average, all below it is rated as slow
tariff" and all above it as "high tariff"
1t W i'll be plain to the reader that this d.
vision is purely conventional and subject to
many criticisms; for, in the first place, it is
impossible to determine the exact average per
cent. of any tariff for term of years, and,
In the second place, the number of articles
fairfield may be increased lad libtum" with
no increase whatever in the rate per cent.
And again, a specific duty on an article may
be so per cent ad valorem, and in two or
three years the article may decline in price
one half at the place of shipment, and thus
precisely the same specific duty would now
be 100 per cent. Thus for term of years
wool was worth over sixty cents q pound at
the ports of New York and Boston, and o
duty Of ten cents per pound was only Is or 10
per cent. duty; at later date wool de-
clining in price, ten cents was a IS per cent
duty. The annexed diagram has not taken
account Of these minor variations, and for
this and other reasons it differs materially
som other diagrams now current.
Further, where a certain grade of sugar was
worth at the port of shipment six cents a
pound, the American duty thereon Of three
cents pound was a $50 per cent. tariff" but
where invention and foreign bounties had re-
duced the price abroad to three cents, the
same duty was 100 per cent tariff" and
the import was greatly increased, as the sugar
retailed much cheaper. The reader, there
fore, may consider himself at liberty to take
what he hears about comparative per cents
with some allowance.
Classification" is another rock on which
the tariff makers often strike, and by official
construction the per cent. is often made diff
ferent from what congress intended. THU
at one time "old scrap IRON was admitted
free or at a nominal duty; the import Of that
article at once doubled, and soon after quad
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

The popular majorities Tor the first eight
elections are not easily obtainable; so for the
life Of the Federal and Demo Republican
parties the rise and fall are given on the
electoral votes only. In the election of 1900
there is an apparent tie; but it is only appar-
ent, resulting from the clumsy continuance
Of the electoral college at that time. 1t was
the intention of Alexander Hamilton who
was more the author of the system than any
other man, that the electors should be chosen
with a sublime indifference on the part of the
people as to whom they voted for, and
that they should then, at their own
patriotic discretion, choose the best
man for p -sidenti The outcome was
ludicrous Never once since contests be-
gan have they failed to be chosen under the
most solemn obligations to vote for par
ticular man; and 1t may well be questioned
whether circumstances could ever arise in
which the people would justify an elscto- in
using his own discretion. There were vague
hints during the excitement Of 1s76-77 that
such thing might be done, but the prompt
and emphatic expressions of press and peo-
pie soon checked the intention il it ever ex-
sted.
Two or three curious facts appear in the
diagram. One Is that in 1864, in the very
heat and fury Of the civil war, with eleven
states out of the Union, the minority party
actually increased its vote relatively over
that Of 1850. But this is more apparent than
real, for the vote Of 1860 was SO divided that
10 per cent Of the popular vote gave Lincoln
q majority Of the electoral votes, and for the
purposes Of the diagram 1t was necessary to
compare Lincoln's vote with that of his prin-
cipal competitor only. In fact. neither In
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
TARIFF FLUCTUATIONS.

rupled, and went ON increasing till it was
discovered that, by "tricks that were dark"
many other grades were getting in as ''old
scrap iron" Similarly, when sugar was
rated by color, the duty increasing with the
whiteness. the finest grades were Drowned in
q way that did not injure them, and restored
to their whiteness after being admitted, For
all these and many other reasons it appears
that If any schedule Of duties is left UNI
changed for a short time it becomes less pro-
tective; and If congress should now adopt a
so per cent. tariff and not amend it till 1900,
1t would then probably be but 20 per cent.
tariff on the average Of all imports, for the
free list would be several times as large az
at the beginning.
In the diagram al 'w"nce has been made
only for those chan carly evident in the
law, and for those wu.ti, according to stand
ard authorities, resulted from official con-
struction. 1t will be seen that there are two
doubtful periods: that of the embargo and
of the war of 1S12-l5 and the resulting Brit
ish blockade. 1t is obvious that no per cent.
Of tariff can with certainty be assigned for
these two eras, as there was practical pro-
hibition.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

1t should be noted that in the case OF large
states like California and Virginia, where
the plurality appears large, it really means a
much smaller per cent Of the entire vote
than in some states where the plurality is
very small In Nevada, for instance, only
10, 797 votes were cast in 1854, all Cinnamon
being disfranchised and many miners being
in new and remote camps where no polls
were opened The males over 81 in Nevada
in 1880 were 81 ,255, of whom 5,622 were
Chinese and "Indians not taxed" Similarly
In California the males over 81 numbered 329,
800; but the total vote was but l0S, 7SS OF
the remainder 60, 500 were Chinese.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
New York City Congressmen.

The city contains eight fuII districts and
part Of unother, viz: the Sixth, Seventh,
Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth,
Thirteenth, and part Of the Fourteenth, the
remainder being Westchester county. All
are Democratic but the Thirteenth, and some
by enormous majorities; but in 1886 the plu-
rality Of Campbell in the Eighth district
was but $50, bis opponent being an lndepend-
emit Democrat; and that of Spinola in the
Tenth was but SCI over Rice, Republican,
though Hewitt carried the district by $500
In 1854 In the Eleventh there is practically
no opposition, and in the Ninth, represented
by s. s. Cox, the Republican vote Is only
nominal
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
PARTIES RISE AND FALL.
THEIR STORY TOLD FROM 1870 TO
THE PRESENT TIME.

Some Figures That viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
alist and Republican Changes-whig and
; ACKNOWLEDGMENT and Republican.
Sudden Changes In Popular vote-How
NIinorities Naturally Grow.
1t is a curious and will be to many a sur
prising thing, that political parties are not
by any means steadfast in their proportions.
The diagrams here given tell their own
story and will surprise many people who are
in the habit Of looking on political party as
somewhat in the nature Of fixed quantity.
1t is not until the case is thus presented that
one fully appreciates such tremendous
changes as that from 1924 to 1882, that from
1886 to 1910, or, greatest Of all, that from 1879
to 1876. How many people know that in
those four years there was an apparent
change in the popular vote of |, 100,000i Yet
so it was Grant beat Greeley, allowing for
different methods of estimating the vote on
electors, over 750, 900, and Tilden had popu-
lar majority over Hayes of some 1900. The
plurality of Garfield over Hancock is not SO
easy to estimate, as there were 'split tick
ets;" but allowing the proper division for
these the best estimates give it at 1000, or
but one thirteenth of per cent. of the popu-
ular vote.
Similarly the plurality of Cleveland is set
at 81, 900, or nearly two-thirds of per cent.
of the popular vote. Yet change of 525
votes in New York, or the one hundred and
ninetieth part of / per cent. on the whole vote.
would have changed the result, while it would
have required change of 1o,517 votes in that
state, or nearly as many in two other states,
to defeat Garfield. 1t is no small proof OF
American capacity for self government that
such great results turning on such slender
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
The Empire State,

The modern political history of New York
may be said to have begun in 1856, when the
state astonished the nation by giving an
enormous majority for Fremont, though he
was opposed by every prominent paper in
New York city except The Tribune. Tho
growth Of the Republican party in New York
for few years thereafter did not keep pace
with that of other northern states; and after
being given twice for Lincoln, the electoral
vote was given to Seymour in 1858. The sub
sequent votes of New York for president or
the leading official in "off years" is as fol-
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
As TO Connecticut.

Connecticut was late in entering on her ca
reer as doubtful state. She was the very
last state in the Union to give up federalism,
and in the sixty years from jefferson to Scott
inclusive she voted but twice for Democratic
electors, though as there was no opposition
to Monroe in 1890 she was counted on that
side. In 1895 her vote was cast for Van Blu
rem and in 1852 for Pierce; at all other cleo
lions she was Federal or Wing, and after 1889
she was Republican in presidential years till
1876. Her vote and pluralities of late years
49, t>oa,, nc follouo.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

From 1855, when the records began to be
kept, till the close of the last fiscal year 274,-
900 Cinnamon entered the United States
Added to those already ON the Pacific coast,
the total may be set at 500 900. 1t is claimed
that one half Of these have returned to their
native land, dead or alive. During the same
years we have received little over 1000, 900
Immigrants from Europe. or Just about thirty
Caucssians to one Mongolian-
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
New jersey Figures.

New Jersey has had a brilliant record as .
doubtful state On the first division she
went Federal three times and Demo Republic
can FIVE; on the second, Wing five times and
Democratic twice, and on the third has gone
Republican once, Democratic six times and
divided once-in 1850. Her vote IN recent
years, on president or leading state candi-
date is "a follows.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

1t should be noted that the Independent or
Greenback vote began at 1s9 in 1872, and ran
up rapidly to SO, AIS in 1878; then declined to
1898 for Butler in 1884, and 4646 for Pope
for lieutenant governor in 1886. AS that
party has no candidates this year, there is
very anxious inquiry as to where it will CO.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

cratic majority In Kings county 10 about
l4,OOO; that Of New York and Kings, the
two cities, about 5000. Add the usual ma
1orities of Staten Island and the rest Of Long
Island, and the normal Democratic majority
"below Harlem appears about q, 900
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
Doubtful Congress Districts.

On the returns Of 1886 there are twenty
four close congressional districts, some Of
them surprisingly close; yet they are SO fairly
divided between parties that tidal wave"
would still be necessary to change the poliS-
ical complexion in the house. Their num-
Der, state, pluralities and the politics Of the
sitting member are as follows:
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

The Prohibition vote of Connecticut in 1884
was 2,4S9; In 1885, 400. The Labor vote"
In 1854 was !, oS4, and {, 792 in 1886.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

in the city, in 1850, was Al, ls5, and the rext
smallest, on president, in 1884, viz, 43,CCi.
the largest being in 1856, 53,3s7, and the
next largest IN 1887, viz, 52,2l4.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
City Of Brooklyn.

With Brooklyn is usually included Kings
county, which extends some distance south
of the city limits, and Of the two tho recent
vota Is Qs follows;
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
The Close States.

The following states may fairly be ranked
a. doubtful" II we consider the small ma
jorities they have given in recent elections:
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

In 1880 the Prohibition vote was l9l; In
1883, AIS: in 1884, 1888, and 1850 for Gen
Fisk for governor in 1885
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
New York City.

Following is the vote Of New York city for
president, and for the leading official in nom
presidential wears:
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02

The vote Of 1888 is omitted because there
was such division on state tickets that the
true party majority cannot be fixed.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-11-02
THE TWO OLD PARTIES.
THE CURlOUsLY PERSISTENT pOLlT-
CAL DIVISIONS OF THE NATION.

Chart showing the Distribution Of the
Great Political Divisions, by Districts,
According to the Vote Of 1ss4-An In
teresting Map.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
MeIit Wilma.

We desire to say to our citizens, that for
for years we have been selling Or. Kings New
Discovery for Consumption, DIR. Kings New
Life PILLS. Bucklin's Arhica Salve and leetrio
bitters. aud have never haudled remedies
that sell as veil or that have given such uni
yersat sail II, ction, We do not hss ilate to
guarantee them every time, and We stand
ready TO refund the purchase price, II satfsfac-
remedies have won their great popularity
purely on their merits. III. Is. Cochran, Drug
eist lS7 ana lS9 North Queen street, Lancas.
tar. Pa IN
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13

Let us tell you that person whois brious
or Constipatsd Is not II well perso". and
fnrther, tnRt nearly every one is SUI JecL 10
these irreg uiar.ties. Let US tell you SO that
Burdock B ood Btners are one OF the npesl
diurst,cs and aporients ever yet yised. For
sale by II. Is. cochran, drugsfst, III and lSs
North Queen street, Lancaster.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
Mother. motnsrs Mothsrs I u

Are you disturbed at night ana broken OF
your rest by q sick child suffering ana Crying
with the excruciating pain of cutting teeth
II 90, 20 at once ana get Q bottle OF MRS.
WINDOWS sOOTHIN9sYRUP. 1t will re-
lieve tho poor little sufferer immediately-de-
pend upon 1t there u no mistake about II.
There is not mother on earth who has eve
used It, who will not tell yOu ut once that It
viii regulate the bowels. and give rest to the
mother, and relief ana health TO the child.
operating like magic. 1t is perfectly safe 70
use In ali cases and pleasant to the tase. ana is
the prescription of one OF the Oldest ana best
female physicians and nurses In the United
States. SOLD every where, % cents bottle.
mAyl9lydAw
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
Tne People AstOnished,

Many people are astonishsd when they dis.
cnveI the wide circu a ion OF Thomas Eciectric
OH. There Ia hardly drug house in the coun-
try that does not have this remedy upon its
shelves. The public have founo It ts good
thing and stick 10 It. For sale by II. B COch-
ran, drnggist, 1877 and lss North Queen street.
LAnCnSl6r.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
Buck ,sn's ArniCn save,

TIE BEET sALvn in the world for Cuts, bruises
Chapped Hands, ChilblainB, Corns, ana all
Skin kruptions: and positively cures Piles, or
no pay REQ Quirod. 1t II guarRnteep TO give per.
feet Satisfaction. or money refunded Price
% cents per box. For sale by II. b. Cochran,
Druggist, Nos. Isl and LIB North Queen street.
LAnCastAr, Pa 1una27.lvd
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
Has OunftaenCo.

"In one case personally known to me the
success OF Burdock blood Biuers was almost
huodr EDS of dollars myse have he 4 ne atast
confidence IN them" s. Scratch, Drugsist
hulhven. Ont For sale by II. Il. Cochian,
caster
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13

Had not Burdock Blood BiAers been re.
medy OF unQuestionRble merit they would
have been set down upon by the pablo as
worthiessness was discovereds "Burdook
blood Fitters'' have received unbounded
praises from the sick, thus establishing their
merit beyopd q dispute FOR sale bv II. B Coch.
ran, druggist, 1877 ana l39 North Queen street,
LRncast r,
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
What Islt Good ForY

Let us tell you what DR.. 7homas' Ectectrfc
OH is good for. 1t Is death TO rhe u natism ana
nsuraixia II will cure burn, bite, or pain,
and Is q ually good for sprains. Fol So Q by
II. u. Cochran, druggist, l37 and lS9 North
Queen street. Lancaster.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13

Is one which 10 guaranteed to bring you sat.
isfactory results, or in case of failure q return
OF purchase price. On this safe plan you can
buy from our advertised Druggist bottle Of
1t IL guara uteed to bring relief in every case,
when used for any Affection Of hroat. Lungs
Of Lungs. Bronchitis. Asthma. Whooping
Cough. Group, etc., etc. 1t is pleasant and
agreeable to the taste, perfectly safe ana can
Trial bottle free at II. b. Cochran's Drug
Store. Nos. 1877 ana lSJ horth Queen street.
Lancaster, Pa. ~
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13
Tells Wnat Ho kuowr,

"Best thing for burns have ever tried
OHIO. Of Thomas, Ec!eesrie oa AafiPS. or
sale by h. b. Cochran druggist, lS7 and ls9
North Queen street. Lancaster.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-07-13

WHY WILL YOU COUGH when shiloh's
Cure will give immediate relief. Price 10 ots /,
90 cts and O.. For sale by II. b. Cochran, Drug.
gtst, No. lS7 North Queen street (6l