davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13

DR.. E. c. WEST NERVE AND BRAIN TREAT
MENT, guaranteed specific for Hysteria, DizIi-
ness, Commissions, Fits, Nervous Neuralgia,
sHeadache, Nervous Prostitution caused by the
Depression Softening of the Brain, resulting in
insanity and leading to misery, decay and
death, Premature Old Age. Barrenness, Loss OF
Power in either sex, Involuntary Losses and
Spermatorrhna caused by over-exertion of the
brain, selfabuse or over-indulgence Each box
contains one months treatment; 81 box, or
sir boxes for SIS sent by mail prepaid, on re-
ceipt Of price. We guarantee six boxes to cure
any case. With each order received by us for
six boxes. accompanied with S., we will send
the purchaser our written guarantee to refund
the money il the treatment does not effect a
cure. Guarantees issued only by THE G. NJ
HEIDI COMPANY, Wholesale Druggists, Sole
Agents, corner Congress and Whitaker streets,
Savannah. Ga
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13

Now here is a balance Of "a which may be
applied to a parasol for summer, OF an
extra bonnet for winter. The money saved
ON cloak and jacket for the second winter
may be turned into hand some cloth dress
There are those who reading this list will
say: "What nonsense, a hat fit TO wear for
ST. 1t is impossible" 1t would seem so.
But the writer of this article saw a hand
some hat tlat cost less. 1T was gray
INDEPENDENTLY, q pretty and becoming
shape that cost at a special sale & cents. IL
was trimmed with gray cloth TO mate the
costume, with two white wings, which at the
same sale were 4 cents each. The wearer
trimmed it herself. A young lady who
holds n responsible position in the Detroit
postofilce wore a dress one summer which
was the admiration of all her friends 1t
was suitable for a company outfit, and the
material cost Just 65 cents. She made it
herself
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
Use for the Tree Tops.
From the Nelc York Graphic.

The paragraph in the Graphic the other day
about the discovery Of q new use for tue cotton
stalk for paper pulp recalls another new thing
in the same line. Heretofore the tops of pines
aud spruce trees In the numbering regions have
been not only great source OF trouble to the
mmbermen, but q cause of untold mischief and
loss From them, dried and lying about in vast
masses. have originated nearly all the destruct-
i've fires in the wooded regions Now, an intel
great use for them, and has shown that these
heretofore wor HESS aud dangerous trse to IS
and branches can DO gathered, steemed TO cx-
tract the resinous mater FROM them, ground up
INTO dry pulp and utilized Ia the manufacture
of paper Tbs discove J at once makes mar
keGIUie "A vast mass OF hitherto waste mate rial,
and the effect on the production OF paper In this
country ought 10 be beneficial both 70 the press
and people.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13

The invention of the telephone was GER
ainly at remarkable one, but Prickly Ash,
Poke Root aud Potassium, the chief com
ponents of the wonderful F. z. p, merit
comparison for actual benefit to mankind
as the great blood purifier and poison eradi,
Gator, with any invention or discovery of
this century. Thousands testify to its mar
velous purps
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
Perfectly Pure.

So much is said in these days about i'm.
pure food that housekeepers are often per.
picked. Fortunately absolute safety to
health, as well as perfect r. rity in material,
may DO obtained by the use OF that time.
tried and meritorious article,
HECKER'S SELF-RAISING FLOUR.
For sale everywhere,
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
Yml can elnn thnt scrntchinp

YOU can eAOp tnub ScIhtcnluk
and frettiSg by using SEABuRY's
HyDRoNA piTHoL SOAP for Tet-
ter, Ecze,ah, Ringworm, Ground
Itch. PoiSsn Oak. or other skin
or scalp hisease that is worry
ing fortnight and day. When
once cited by this soap there
will be no return of the trouble.
II ydI wish to prevent conta-
gious o. Scratching" diseases
during the summer months,
either among your family or
yonT domestic animals,) burn
SIS NURY's SULPHUR CANDLES
fre6lyin your Closets, Cellars,
Kvhsns. OuthouseS. Chicken
ChopL Bird Cages, Stables. Hog
Hsns, &C. Absolutely no danger
III nI.s. These candles are handy
and always ready for immediate
use.
gSf-Remember BENsoN's PLAs-
TERfor aches and pains.-lEs
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
SLEEPING CAR sERVTCE

OI1I1LtINE YAK SERVICE.
Train leaving Waycross 4:25 D. m. has Pull.
man sleeping car to Jesup. Thence via night
express to Atlanta and Chattanooga.
Train leaving Savannah at 1926 % m con-
meets at Waycross with sleeper for Montgomery.
Nashville and Louisville. Also sleeping car on
same train for Macon and Atlanta.
Through Sleeping Cars between Savannah
and Jersey City. via the Atlantic Coast Line.
Through tickets sold to al points by rail and
steamship connections and baggage checked
through. Also Sleeping Car Berths and SectionS
secured at Passenger Station and Bran's Tlckas
Office % Bull street
X. G. FLEMING, VIM p HARDEE
superintendent. Gen. Pass Agt
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
RAILROADS.
& Savannah Railway
SCHEDULE IN EFFECT MAY 10TH, 1888

Train No, II stops only at tennessee aud
Green Pond.
Train No. rs stops only at Monteth, Hardee-
vile. Ridgeland, Coosanhatchs. Yemassee.
Green Pond and Ravenel.
For tickets, Pullman oar reservations and
other Information, apply 70 WIN BREN, Ticket
Agent, - Bull street, and at depot
r. z. McSMi NEY, 0ie7 Pass. Agouk
G, s. CADsDEN, Superintendent
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
RAILROADS.
CENTRAL RAILROAD
OF GEORGIA.
Quickest and Best Line
To
MACON AND ATLANTA.
Savannah to Atlanta.
Schedule in Effect Sept G, 1888.
STANDARD IME9

Guyton dinner train leaves Savannah 200 D.
m; arrives Guyton 2:55 D. 10.
Passengers for Sylvania, Wrightsville, MIL
ledgeville and Eatonton should take 7:10 a. IN
train.
Passengers for CarroIlton. Fort Gaines, Tai
bottom, Buena Vista, Blakely and Clayton should
take the $40 p. M train
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13

Guyton dinner train leaves Guyton 1928 p. IN.
arrives Savannah 4:25 D. m
Sleeping cars on all night trains between Sa-
vannah, Augusta, Spartanburg, Macon and
Vtlanta.
Train leaving Savannah at $50 p. M will stop
regularly at Guyton, to put Off passengers
Train arriving at Savannah at 615 a. m. will
stop on signal at stations between Millen and
Savannah to take on passengers
Connections at Savannah with Savannah,
Florida and Western Railway for all points in
Florida.
Tickets for all points and sleeping car berths
on sale at City Office No. 20 Bull street, and
Depot Office 30 minutes before departure of
each train.
ROBERT W. HUNT, E. T. CHARLTON,
Ticket Agent Gen. Pass. Agent.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
Plant Steamship Line.

SEMI-WEEKLY.
Tampa, Key West and Havana
SOUTH BOUND.
Lv Port Tampa Mondays and Thursdays 1880
p. NJ.
Ar Key West Tuesdays and Fridays P. NJ
Ar Havana Wednesdays and Saturdays A. NJ
NORTH-BOUND.
Lv Havana Wednesdays and Saturdays p. ~
LvKey West Wednesdays and Snturdays9P NJ
Ar Port Tampa Thursdays and Sundays $3.50
p. NJ.
Connecting at Port Tampa with West India
Fast Train to and from Northern and Eastern
cities. For stateroom accommodations, apply
Vile or Agent Plant Steamship Line Tampa.
c. ID. OWENS, Traffic Manager.
H. s. HAINES General Manager.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
PLANT STEAMSHIpI1Np

PLANT STEAMSHIP LINE.
=, steiner Mascotte of above line will lasv,
Fort Tampa Monday and Thursday at ~ ~ 10avs
Arrive at Key West Tuesday and Friday IL m'
III and Havana Wednesday and Saturday At =
a. m. Returning, leave Havana Wednesda,u,
TRa saturday at l P m; leave Key Wess
Fort Tampa Thursday and Sunday at 2.sn n I've rn
connecting there with trains for the north r. IL
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13

Death at San Francisco Of a Form er
Resident of Brunswick-An Attempt
to Assassiaste a Negress at Balm
bridge - Heavy Suits for Damages
Filed at Atlanta with Railroads as
the Defendants.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
NEW ORLEANS EXPRESS
EAST FLORIDA EXPRESS

Train leaving Savannah at 7:06 a. M maka,,
close connection with f. R. and N. co, at ~
Oak for Monticello. Madison and Tallaha SEA-
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13

LOCAL CONNECTIONS.
VIA wAYCRoss
Brunswick, Albany, Montgomery, Nashville and
Cincinnati
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1888-09-13
RAILROADS.
SAVANNAH. FLORIDA & WESTERI
RAIL w A Y.
WaycrOss Short Line.
lime Gard in Effect June IT. 1885,.
CORRECTED TO SEPT. 9Th.
A Ii TRAINS of this road are r1,n hy, Cto..
L Standard Time Passenger trains viii Tpa aai
and arrive daily as follows: i'sVs
SOUTH BOUND
WEST INDIA FAST MATr
RAILROADS.

WEST INDIA FAST MAu
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
What Was He Crying About.

II has long been a puzzle to
understand why Jacob, when he
kissed Rachel, lifted up his voice
and wept. but deeper mystery
cunfronts lis IT the case of Sena-
tor Rannels, of Vinton, who says
Senator Townsend, when urged
TO come ont of he arbitrary eau
Gus combination, filled up his
eyes with tears sayin- he would
give $500 TO be out OF the trouble
and at home with his family.
What we are anxious to know
is, what the statesman from Nc
Arthur Vas crying about. What
did Senator Townsend say o. do
to him that he should be so at
fected. We know our Senator IS
a powerful orator and a prodigi
GUS kicker. What did he say or
do that brought tears TO the eyes
of lhe warm haired statesman
Of McArthHr.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
HIacPhers0D On Healthy
Heather.

We are glad to know that Mac
Pherson, whilom of Ohio, and fol
years past one of the most accom-
plished newspaper men of Colum
bus and Washington City, has beeu
selected by Mr.. Cultivate as Secre,
tary of the Pacific Railway Com
mite. a position Of honor and respon
sibil:ty.
Macpherson is not very tall. nor
very betty, but he is every inch a
man and every eance a Democrat,
and a typical Ohio boy from away
back in Pickaway. He has our
congratulations on his deserved ap
pointment. We will depend on
him sIlll for strengthened help in
our purpose to turn around the
Goddess of Liberty on the Dome
OF the Capitol anu have her hence
forth look towards Ohio. and in
the direction of the lines of the Pa.
cific Railway.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

lie duty which has always so entire
ly guided Your conduct in our off
cial relation, l am constrained TO
accept the resignation you tender.
hoping that it only anticipates your
entrance upon the higher and more
c'ngenlal C functions than those now
r .auished. WhatI have thus far
written seems very formal indeed. l
intended this, because l am sure
that the close confidence and the
relation of positive affection which
have grown up between US need no
expression or interpretations
And yet | find it utterly impossi-
bic for me to finish this note with
out assuring you that things which
have characterized your condu, t
and bearing in the position from
which you now retire; all your self
sacrificing care and sollciiuds for
public interests; all the benefits
which your official service have con-
ferred upon your fellow country
men. and all the affection and kind
ness So often exhibited toward me
personally shall constantly re-
member with tenderness and graft
tude. Yours very sincerely,
GROVER CLEVELAND.
Hon. L. Q. e. Lamar, Secretary
of interior.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

The Lancaster Gazette of last
week announced that It will furnish
free for one year the paper to any
young nan who marrIes in Fairfield
county. This at first might look
like lavish dispensation of the Ga
zette in the good cause. But the
Gazette will not be called, in fulfill
Ing its promise, to give away any
exhaustive supply of papers The
young men CT Fairfield who get
married come to Hooking county
where We have pretty girls and mar
~ here. They marry here and
subscribe for and pay for the Sen
tinel. The G4zet can raise no
boom on this new notion. not un
til Fairfield has more pretty girls.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
Assaulted In the Pulpit.

BUCHTEL, O., January S.-Rev.
z. S. Butts, pastor of the NJ. T.
Church here, has of Ia te INDUCED
in too free use ofperson aliiies while
in the pulpit. even TO assallins
the character of some few residents
of the place. and last evening speak.
ing of the surety of soine decreased
parties as being residents of hell,
when Mr.. Geo. Kolley. a one legg
ed man, arose, and, walking up to
to the pulpit, struck him a stinging
slap IN the face. Kelley never
drinks. When some of the m sm-
bers suggested the arrest of Kelley.
Butts said no, but he would kneel
and pray for him, which he did. aud
ii any one did arrest him he would
pay Kelley's fine, if he had to sell
his horse and buggy to Go it. Mr..
Butts has offended several other cit
liens in like manner Kelley is
censured for doing tho way he did
AT that time and place.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
Gov. Foraker's Inauguration,

The Inauguration of Governor
Foraker last Monday was a notable
event In the civic triumphs of an
Ohio man in Ohio's Capital.
The city was crowded with peo-
PIE and the display of military and
society organizations was the
NEST brilliant ever witness
ed IN Ohio.
The demonstration, coming from
the foremost men of the Republl-
can party IN this State is high
compliment.to the Governor, and
places him in the public eye ahead
of John Sherman, and along side
with Blaine IN the coming contest
for the Presidency.
Governor Foraker has many per-
soual friends among the Democrats
and with them we join in the wish
that his administration may be IN
the best interests of all the people
of the great State of Ohio.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

We present IN this issue the
mastery speech of Senator Dan
Vorhees. on the subject of Tariff
Reform. now so largely occupy
ing public attention. The speech
Is plain, straight forward pre-
sentation of the Democratic idea,
and like the Presidents message,
will meet the endorsement of the
intelligence of the country.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
The Presidents Gift to
Leo.
Rish op Coke Makes Touching
Reference To 1t,

BUFFALO, Jan. 9-BIshop Coke,
of this Protestant Episcopal do
cese. preached a sermon last night
in St. John's Church, in which he
made the following reference to
President Cleveland's recent gift,
a copy of the Constitution of the
United States, to the pope. Bishop
Coke said: LET me make CRATE
ful reference to recent Impressive
and graceful act of our worthy pres
ident. The venerable Leo XIII
celebrates his jubilee. Among the
ostentatious gifts which are shower
ed upon this truly respectable pom
tiff our own chief magistrate. with
republican simplicity. comes for
ward, and seems to say, with St
Peter, Silver and gold havo l none
but such as | have l give thee. -
| wish this text had been set in
gold letters on case of purple. in
which was enshrined his present of
the constitution OF the United
States. beautifully cngrossed and
authenticated by 10000, 600 free
meR. The gift Is worth all the gew-
gaw and trinkets with which petty
princes. royal idiots and cunning
politicians have encumbered the lob
bies of the vatican; gifts every one
ct which. Ike others of the lobby
list 'mean business. 1t would be
indelicate in any one to suggest that
onr chief magistrate meant any
thing of the kind"
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

while the Democratic party was in
power, and be credit to tie first ma
ton upon the earth.
The ella ms OF the Union soldier upon
the gratitude and bounty of our Gov
ernment have received more snbstan-
tial recognition both through public
and private acts than ever before.
Vast tracts of land which had been
squandered upon great railroad corpor
ations or taken up by land grabbers
have been reclaimed and restored to
the public domain. while the railroads
themselves which hane long repudiated
their obligations to the Government.
are not only being brought to an az
count and settlement. but will soon be
compelled TO liquidate their immense
Indebtedness to the federal authorities.
Finally, under this wise and Demo-
cratic administration our country has
not only been peaceful and prosperous
but better than all, the animosities
which once existed between the sec
tiOns have been removed and complete
harmony has been restored between the
North and the South.
But, as President Cleveland is to have
another term of office, so he has also
another great work before him. In bis
recent message to Congress, with the
wisdom of Jefferson and the courage of
jackson, he marked out the field of
this last great reform. 1t can in no
way be stated better than in his own
words "The supple and plain duty
which we owe to the people is to reduce
taxation to the necessary expenses OF
an economical operation OF the govern
ment, ami to restore to the business of
the country the money which we hold
In the treasury through the perversion
OF governmental powers. These things
can and should be done with safety to
all our industries, without danger to
the opportunity for remunerative labor
which our workingmen need, and with
benefit to them all ard our people, by
cheapening their means Of subsistence
and increasing the measure of their
comforts"
This important and absorbing ques-
| ton Is not only attracting the attention
OF all our people, but it is also the Issue
upon which the Presidential contest of
this year will be decided. The words
o: my toast do not exactly express the
whole truth as to the position taken by
our President for tie emanc patton ot
our people from unjust and oppressive
taxation. He is not only standing for
the right as he sees it, bat also for the
right as it is; and instead of leaving
the issue to the people he is leading
them to make it the issue not in the
future but in the present. By standing
with him in this contest We will have
the satisfaction of knowing we are
fighting for the welfare oe our country
we also have the reasonable assurance
that he will once more lead our party
to splendid victory.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
SHERIFF'S SALE.
Maria L. Haynes, Plaintiff,
rs.
Eli B. Hill, ct al. Defendants.
In the Court of Common Pleas of Hooking
County, Ohio.

Notice is hereby given that the under
signed, sheriff OF Hooking county, Ohio, by
virtue OF an order OF safe issued
cause, and to him directed as Sheriff of
said county, will, at the door of the CouIt I
House in Logan,cn
Saturday, January 2Sih, A D. 1888
at o CLOCK p m .ofsaid day ,oterforsaIe
at public auction, the hefollowins lands and
tenenents, situate In HocKinY county,
Fraetiona lot No. eleven Ql,l range No.
eighteen, (lS), eX 'ept the land lying be-
tween the town lots and the mi II race, and
between the section line of the town lots
and Nurphy'S addition to lot No. sixteen
u6l of the town plat of BloominSvflle.co con
tanning 81 acres mere or less, also with the
privilege of timber, stone and gravel, taken
from the forty acre tract known as the
milldam lot, with all other privile geS to re-
pair the race and dam as long as the same
Is needed. excepting lso fr ON this convey
ance a lease given to Gold " Canada Tor oil
PURPOSES and hereby convey all the water
privileges heretofore decided Oy Robert
kidaocker; also contained in the convey
ance, the land lying between the fractions
al lot No eleven I'D, range eighteen, (lSl q.
cnl .he southeast corner oi the house
" here il stands, of the southeast half OF
lot No. fourteen, CD, in the recorded plat;of
the town of B.oomingvil!e- containing "a
acres ia all ; also lot No. sixteen, tI6), OF the
towr OF Bioomingville. in iiccki ng county
Ohio, with the appurtenances thereto, De-
longing.
Terms ofsaie. u cash in hands in nine
months and the remainder "a in eighteen
months from the d;tv of sale. The deferred
pavinenfs TO draw interest at the rate oil SIX
per cent. Der annum-
Appraised ut s5O0.e0'
Given under my hand ut Logan, Ohis
this 2Sth day Of December. \. ID. iss1.
JOHN GALLAGHER. Sheriff
D. W. Wright, Deputy.
=, Weidy. Attorney forPlaintih.
DEC. % 1881 .5w.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

Congressman Russell, of Massa.
chusetts, was recently asked why
he had introduced no bills in the
House Of Representatives. With
high appreciatieH of the ma
tons needs he said: Because
1 think the principal dn,y of a
legislator is not &c introduce bills,
but to prevent them from becom
ing laws. There are Too many
bills introduced anyway, and the
man who relrains renders a SER
vice to The counEy." Brave.
Russell.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

In the selection of Chairman
for important Congressional
Committees, Ohio has been hand
somely recognized. Mr.. Outh
waite is chairman of Pacific Bail
ways, a DO ilion he earned by
Ibis earnest and able efforts TO
follow out Senator Thurman's
plan concerning these powerful
corporations. MIR. Wilkins is
chairman of the Banking Com.
.m1ttee, and Mr.. Campbell char
man of the Alcoholic Liquors.
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

The Republican papers in This
Senatorial district are unanimous
in denouncing Senator Townsend
for his bolt from the Republican
Senatorial caucGs.
The Senator seems 10 have
struck stony ground In the start.
He should send for Pursell al
once and get help to let go of the
plow which Senator Rannels saws,
.'having taken hold he must cor
1inile fo hold.n
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
a Downright Truth.

On Saturday evening last Gov
Hill addressed the Business Mems
Democratic Association of New
York, in which he stated ftrcible
fact when he said: 1.-The Democrat
ic party is the only place for the
business man. 1t is the true friend
of the workingman, ever ready to
protect his just rights and remedy
his real grievances. 1t Is the pro-
tector from every unjust assault
1t is the opponent of monopoly,
fraud, fanaticIsm and hypocrisy.
1t is neither narrow or fanatical but
it IS liberal in its ideas and tenden-
cies."
Under that banner the campaign
can be fought and on this next fall
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12
PROBATE NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that the follow,
ing accounts and vouchers have been filed
in the Probate Court OF Hooking county
Ohio. for first partisl settlement
Jacob y. Ecker, Guardian OF Jonn Il.
knight.
And the same will come on for hearing
on the 18th day of January, 1873, at 10 o.
clock, a. NJ, or us soon thereafter as may
be con enicnt. WI ACSEh-
Ian -2u ITO
The Hocking sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1871-1906, 1888-01-12

Col. PurseIl, of West Virginia is mad be-
cause we have got the option on the Mar
ket lot, best known as Rempelsdorf, and
intend at our pleasure and convenience to
erect on 1t a monument worthy of the his
toric renown and prophetic magnificencs
of our Queen City.
{ Our plan brif1y, is to put down a hole
into the Plutonian'depths over which we
will erect an empyrean kissing shaft. mod
eled to the figure of the most illustrious
character our advertising columns present.
II we strike water, our column viii be
water works. Ifgas, then pillar OF fire by
night. II neither water. or gas be found in
the depths, the monument will be dedicat
ed to st. Andrew Jackson, or some other
hero of the Hooking Democracy
Pursell is mad because we will not agree
to have the monument modelled after his
likeness. We may fin lsome crevice where
We can fit him in, but make no promises.