davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-09-15
The Democracy.

Nearly thirty young democrats gathered
in the democratic headquarters on Monday
evening to organize democratic marching
club, to be composed OF young men between
the ages Of II and rs. Sam Bradford was
elected chairman and Thos. Farrell score
tary. Alter the object Of the meeting had
been satisfactorily explained, and the gen
eral sentiment found to be strongly in favor
of the organization Of . club, the temporary
officers were elected respectively presiden,
and secretary. John Scheying was elected
captain by reclamation, and Robert Carr and
Will Dunphy lieutenants. Committees on
constitution and on uniform were appointed
and the lists were opened for signers. Fifty
names were secured in less than ten min.
utes. Short speeches we're made by young
democrats.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-09-15

v. c HARRIS. lis Main St,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
A Difference.

Farmer Randall of the Rural grounds
keeps poultry upon his own place. He
has now twenty laying hens-five Wy
andottes, nine Leghorns and six mixed.
He is now getting an average of eight
eggs day. The hens are fed in the
morning, half Indian meal and half
wheat bran mixed so as to crumble,
with hot water. AT noon wheat and at
night corn are given. In mild spells
wheat is substituted for corn at night
Bone-meal is before them always.
They are never fed as much as they
will eat at any meal. Oats are given
twice week scattered over straw so
they will scratch for them. His houses
are eight feet square and not over
twenty, whether young or old, are per-
mitted to roost in house. The houses,
roosts and nests are sprayed with kero-
sene Qhrough spraying bellows) once
in three weeks. Pyrethrum powder is
busted on their bodies every two
months or so. g. Farmer Voorhis
has q flock of about seventy-fve we'll
bred White Leghorns. Wheat or corn,
or both, are kept before them all the
time. They are not fed bone. They all
roost together in one house, which is
about fifteen feet square and warm.
This house is never kerosened, though
cleaned out from time to time. He is
now averaging from two to three eggs
a day. We present the case as it is.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Care of Milk.

1t is only the poorest of poor man
ayers who produce milk that is not of
good enough standard to make fine
butter. AS very general rule the
mischief is done after the milk reaches
the houses. Here there is no proper
place to put it, and milk is very careful
of its associates. Like pure, young
girl, it takes faint from bad company.
Clean vessels are absolutely necessary
and cool, clean place to set it for the
cream to rise. The air about the milk
must be pure, with no smell of kitchen
or other room about it, while funky-
smelling cellar is death to it. The
cream must be kept cool all the time
and away from the fire until the churn
is ready for it. The churn must be
well washed with boiling hot water,
and this must be done within one hour
after churning, or good butter can not
be made. This thing of allowing the
churn to stand until the next day be-
fore washing it is criminal careless
ness and ought to be made felony by
statute. This same churn should be
well aired so as to always smell sweet.
Now market your butter the day you
make it, and having followed the above
instructions you can not go wrong
american Ddiryman.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Wheat.Seed Per Acre.


That too much seed can be sown for
the best yield of wheat is very evident
from an experiment made by the Ohio
station at Columbus in four years.
test ended in 1886. 1t has also been
proved that the poorer the soil and
more incomplete the mechanical prepa-
ration of it, the greater need for heavy
seeding; and on the contrary, the bet
ter the soil and fuller the preparation,
the less seed is required. The heaviest
yield and best average for the four years
in careful test was from five pecks
of seed, being thirty-one bushels per
acre. AS low as two pecks and as
high as nine pecks were used, and in
every instance the tests pointed to
the fact that below five pecks was too
little and above five too much. 1t is
commonly the practice to use much
more than five pecks, and if even a
peck of seed be saved on all the farms
in the country it will prove large
economy. If in connection with this a
crop is positively increased, as these
experiments show, even as little as one
bushel per acre, the peck of seed will
not only be saved, but an increase of
fourfold this amount will be gained,
which will add largely to the annual
yield. -HOmeStedd.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Mixed Food for Fowls.

Buckwheat is fattening. Feed spar
ingly, and no better reproducing food
can be found. Wheat is acknowledged
to be one of the best egg-producing
foods. Oats come next to wheat. Corn
is fattening-eXcellent for night food.
Corn should be fed to sitting hens. 1t
keeps up continual heat in the body
of the hen. Rye makes a good occa-
sional food and gives life to the stock.
Ground bone and ovster-shells form
egg-shells. Always keep them handy
for the fowls. Sand and gravel help
the gizzard to chew up the food. Beef
scraps mixed with corn-meal mush and
fed several times week make big in
crease in the egg supply. Charcoal fed
literally in small Jumps brightens their
combs and gives them tonic. 1t is
best to use charcoal made from corn
cobs, as wood charcoal is tasteless and
not at all relshed by the chickens.
Milk put in their drink-vessels, or given
with corn-meal scalded in a stiff mass,
is not only greatly relished, but is very
producing. Sunflower seeds may
be fed freely. They promote laying
and good health.-Farmers' Magazine.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01

other generations must reap the bene-
fits of our labor. And while we
reap bountifully from the growth made
in former generations, let us not fail to
leave our inheritance of fertile fields
and waving woods unimpaired and I'M
diminished to our posterity. The maxi
ing of maple sugar may fairly be called
the leading agricultural industry of
Vermont The amount made in the
state has been constantly increasing
and has nearly or quite doubled since
1850. In 1880 we made 12,250,000
pounds, and at the same ratio of in
crease that has been going ON for the
past forty years we must be making
now nearly $4,000, 900 pounds annually.
With probable price of ten cents per
pound, the annual value of this crop is
81 ,250, 900, an average of $40 to every
farm in the state. On the basis of 500
naples fit to tap on the average Ver-
mont farm, we might make at least
SO 100000 pounds and have $4,000 900
pounds to sell after giving to every
man, woman and child in the state forty
pounds for his or her own use. The
money realized from the sale of such a
product, if scattered among the farm
ers in Vermont, would give to each
head of a family $40 with which TO
start out on his summer campaign.
Let US reach forth to the grand old
maple woods and get as much as we can
of this increased income. Although
other states have the sugar maple, few,
if any, have the same favorable climatic
influences and other circumstances in
aid of its use as our own state" Mr..
Chaplin then briefly outlined some of
the main points of success in the manu-
facture of maple sugar. Ifthere is OPP
portunity fora choice of location, choose
a sunny southern slope, or plain that
is sheltered by other woods or hills on
the north. An early sugar-place is
better than late one. Cut out all
other kinds of trees, especially ever
greens, as fast as possible. Have a
good, clean and convenient sugar
house. A good brick arch with a cast
iron CRATE, eight or ten inches from the
bottom, makes good boiling-place.
Have plenty of dry wood, no matter
what kind. For boiling-pans use what
you can afford, though an evaporator
will probably make the best sugar.
For tubs, get tin every time. In tap
ping trees one-half inch or fve-eighths
inch bit bored to the depth of one and
one-half to two and one-half inches,
according to the size of the tree, is the
best. For spouts there is nothing bet
ter than galvanized iron, nicely shaped
and sharpened. For gathering, any
way that gets the sap to the boiling
place the quickest is the best. In boil
inc with mans if is hetter IN take tho
syrup off often than to boil it over all
day. Cleanliness is next to goodness in
sugar-making, as in everything else,
and the pans should be kept clean. 1t
is well to know when to leave off, and
that time comes when the buds begin to
show on the trees"
The address was an interesting one
and the subject was further probably
discussed by others present.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Feeding Stock.

Last winter kept pair of two-year-
old steers that did not have mouthful
of upland hay for more than half of the
winter, and the meadow hay that they
ate was of quite inferior quality. L
gave them three pints per day of corn
meal and wheat middlings mixed and
20 other provender. These steers
gained two inches in girth during the
winter and were worked some, too.
There is no trouble in keeping cattle in
thriving condition with inferior hay
and a small quantity of provender.
Some one very wisely observed not
long since that where a cow had moth
ing but meadow hay to eat she would
MUNICH it quietly and contentedly, not
knowing that there was anything better,
and have found this to be true. If
the stock has no recent knowledge of
any better fodder than is being fed to
them, they will be quite sure to eat it,
Of course provender in sufficient guam
titles should be fed where nothing but
inferior hay is fed, for stock will not
thrive as they ought on such hay with
nothing to supplement it'd. Moulton,
IN Eastern Farmer.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Facts In Pig-Feeding.

Each of three of my neighbors is
fattening pen of pigs. All are well
housed. One feeds rye and barley
meal, one corn in the ear and the
other wheat-bran and middlings. The
last are doing the best and the corn
fed pigs the poorest. Another neigh
Dor is feeding twenty-seven fall pigs
for market, and although he has corn
in abundance he buys middlings to feed
for profit. In March, two years ago, l
saw pen of fall pigs slaughtered which
had been fattened on barley-meal.
The barley paid about $l.25 per bushel
in pork, but the latter was not fit to en-
ter a human stomach. Most of these
pigs were afflicted with tape-worms,
and on opening them the ugly vermin
could be seen through the entrails. 1t
is not known that the barley caused
the trouble, but all who became aware
of the incident lost faith in feeding
barley to pigs. 1t seems to be settled
here, at least, that winter pig-feeding
is as profitable as at any other time of
the year, provided always that the pigs
are kept warm. This is done by
double-boarding the pen, filling in with
straw and laying plank floor on the
ground. Warm drinks are usually
given. Perhaps no animals are so fond
of having their backs scratched as pigs,
and persons who scratch the backs of
these animals habitually always have
the latest and best pigs. Reason: If
person is interested in his pigs enough
to scratch their backs he will invariably
see that they are well fed and have
everything for their comfort.-A Cen
trail Ne,o- YORKER, IN Tribune.
Except in the matter of the barley
this is in line with our own experience.
We have never fed pigs with better re-
suits, or with greater profit, than when
we fed middlings, or, as it is sometimes
called, q" fine-feed." The growth is quite
remarkable; they seem to make more
weight for the money than on any other
feed, though we have fed it in connec-
ton with skim-milk. 1t is also excel
lent to feed to young calves, beginning
early-soon after learning them to
drink. Give great spoonful. Wet it
nrst with colo water, then pour on
boiling water to cook it, and then add
the milk. Linseed-meal is also ex-
cellent for calves fed in the same way,
and the new process is said to be
equally good or better, but that we have
never tried. For growth of frame
wheat-bran is best, and growers of the
large Percheron horses in the West
keep it in large troughs in the pastures,
allowing the colts to eat all they will. We
saw such troughs on Powell Brothers
farm in Pennsylvania, and Durham of
Illinois, who is the "horse king" of
the United States, pursues about the
same plan. Corn is heating and fat
tening and makes good pork.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
A Good SilO.

George Drew, an energetic farmer,
has capped the climax on silo. have
just examined his ensilage and find it
perfectly sweet. AT the time he takes
it from his silo it is entirely void of any
acid taste. find it to contain almost
the same flavor as when in the green
state. He put his corn in whole, laying
the butts all one way. When the silo
was full he covered it with boards and
then put six inches of sand over the
top. Mr.. Drew says he has tried sew
eral different hay-knives to cut it out
with, but they won't do the work, it is
so solid. He chops it out with an axe.
1 brought pailful home and gave it to
my COWS. They had never seen any
before, but they ate it greedily and
looked up for more. Mr. Drew is feed
ing twenty-five head of yearling steers
on this ensilage. He planted five acres
to corn. He feeds about forty pounds
to creature per day and no meal.
His stock is looking well.
w. G. p, East Calais.
This correspondent asks: Can corn
ensilage be kept and fed in summer
with good results?" AnsUer.-We be-
lieve it is claimed by some advocates
of ensilage that it may be. We have
had no experience in the use of en-
silage, but we see no reason why it may
not be kept, if the fermentation has
ceased and the silo is tight, as we'll as
canned fruit, though that does not
ferment at all. If fermentation con-
tinues the process will go on from
vinous to acetic, and then to destructive,
till the mass rots down. 1t rests largely
on the silo and the silage whether it
will keep or not.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
advertisements.
Rheumatism

It Is IN established fact that Hoods Sar.
saparilla has proven an invaluable remedy
in many severe cases of rheumatism, effect
ing remarkable cures by its powerful action
in correcting the acidity Of the blood, which
is the cause Of the disease, and purifying
and enriching the vital fluid.
It Is certainly fair to assume that what
Hoods Sarsaparilla has done for others il
will do for you. Therefore, II you suffer
the pains and aches Of rheumatism, give
this potent remedy a fair trial.
A Positive Cure.
at was troubled very much with rheuma-
tism in my hips, ankles, and wrists. 1
could hardly walk, and was confined to my
bed good deal Of the time. Being rec
commended to try Hoods Sarsaparilla, 1
took four bottles and am perfectly we'll.
! cheerfuly recommend Hoods Sarsaparilla
as one of the best blood purifiers in the
world" w. F. WooD, Bloomington, Ill.
For Twenty Years
Ihave been afflicted with rheumatism Before
1883 found no relief, but grew worse. then
began taking Hoods Sarsaparllla, and II did
me more good than all the other medicine l
ever had" II. T. BALLOON, Shirley. Mass.
81 suffered from what the doctors called
muscular rheumatism. / took Hoods Sar-
saparilla and am entirely cured" J. v. A.
PRoUDFooT, letter carrier, Chicago, Ill.
We shall be glad to send, free Of charge
to all who may desire, q book containing many
additional statements of cures by
Hoods Sarsaparilla
Sold by all druggists. 81; six for IS. Made
only by c. /. HOOD & CO., Lowell, Mass.
100 Doses One Dollar.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Aatitultural.
The Old Barn.

A thousand miles divide us, and full twenty years
have fled
Since my eyes last rested on the roof that sheltered
my young head;
Yet see it just plainly as If but week had flown
Since became proficient in the art of picking
stone
For the farm very rocky and we yearly used to
Sufficient stone from each old field to build rod of
wall
Yet tits not of farm farmhouse dear that would
sing tonight
Those themes by other poets have been worn in tat
tiers quite
But rather let the subject of my humble rhythmic
yarn
Be one that grander poets spurn the big old-fash-
Toned barn
Dear of many high old romp when youthful
blood ran free
And the young folks did tall counting at the oldtime
husking-bee.
Isee 1t vet in fancy with its old and wheel.worn
floor
The wooden latch, the hired mans name carved
deeply in the door;
The spacious NOW upon the left the manger the
right,
Where stood the old straw-cutter-how used to
dread its sight
For there cripples 1t had made-of these |
hear a few
Are drawing army pensions now; sharp agents put
em through
Again hear the sound of fails upon the munled
floor
The chickens scramble for the grains that reach
the open door;
Up in the loft laying hen sings of deed sublime,
Unmindful though her daughters bones were
picked at dinner-time
While near patient sister sits" resolved to incu-
bate
An unprolifc corn-cob and the hinges of gate.
How very huge the old barn looked when viewed
through boyish eyes
Even Rome's big Coliseum seemed inferior in size
And used to think, when treading down the hay
they pitched to me,
That that old NOW would hold enough to last cen
fury;
And also thought when near the roof waist-deep
in scorching hay,
That for weeks to come that would roast all
eggs the hens might lay.
see the iron grain-scoop on which rode down
hill -
1t leans confdngly against the old red tanning
mill
And the worn half-bushel measure which we boys
oft tried to walk,
Like circus men, by plastering our stocking-feet
with chalk;
1t is strange how boys of eighty pounds, and even
smaller ones,
Can save their bones and fall at times with the
weight of eighty tons.
Last week the old barn vanished and a new one
took its place,
The staunch old structure with time a long and
noble race,
For in spite of rain and hailsterms, and lightning
rods and wind
They found the timbers sound as when together
they were pinned
While the youth whose father, when boy, oft Won
dered at its age,
Now feebly plays an =" old mans part" on life's
certain stage. Detroit Free Press.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01
Board Meeting at Richmond.

The Board of Agriculture held a
meeting at Richmond January 10Th and
Goth, with the usual attendance of men,
bers of the board and not a large num-
Der of hearers, although the audience
was of fair size. Mr.. Chaplin read a
paper on Forestry and Maple Sugar
Making" which we give below. Papers
by other members of the board were
read, some of which we have given
abstracts Of Others will be mentioned
hereafter. He says cleanliness is
next to goodness in sugar-making.
He might have added that rapidity in
making is next to cleanliness.
MIR. CHAPIN's PAPER.
much has been said and sung of the
beauty and grandeur of the woods and
of their influence on the climate and
healthfulness of the people. There are
good and substantial reasons why we
should care for and protect the forests.
They are one of the great sources of
money income to Vermont. There is
mate upon as to the value of the annual
product. The census of 1880 gives the
value obtained from the farms and
forests of the state at about 50, 200, 900;
but this does not include any cost of
manufacture or any of the lumber or
wood cut by nOn-residents, mill COM
panies or lumbermen who are not farm
ers. The steam mills in the state cut
nearly 25,000,00 feet of lumber and
the smaller mills nearly as much more.
The manufactured value of it all can not
be less than S6,000,000 Add to this the
value of the maple sugar crop, the hem
lock bark and other minor products and
we have a grand total of fully so ,000,-
600 as the product of Vermont forests.
OF course there is much labor involved
in getting out this great amount of
timber. The forests of Vermont are
decreasing all the time. We have more
bushes than trees, more second-grOwth
wood than first-growth. Let us cut
only those trees that are fully ripe and
done growing and those beginning to
decay. We should also cut down all
those overgrown trees that are liable to
fall and crush many small and thrifty
ones. Let us encourage and increase
the value of our second-growth woods
and groves by judicious thinning
out. Sometimes a young tree can be
pruned advantageously if taken soon
enough, but it is better generally not
to cut off many large limbs. A large
increase of desirable forest trees can be
had by setting out and planting them
or in many cases by simply protecting
them where nature has already planted
Mr.. Chaplin gave some individual in
stances of remarkable growth in trees
that were properly cared for that hat
come under his observation. "Our orig
inal woods may contain trees from Ion
to 500 years old, but think that mos
of them gained the larger part of thei
growth in the first 100 years and man,
of them in the first three-score- and-ten
So we need not be kept from set
ting out trees by the thought tina
tsEE FIFTH COLUMN
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01

From the report of the meeting of
the Board of Agriculture at Newport
published in the Rural Vermonter we
clip the following paragraph:
"Many men land among them the pres-
dent of our Dairymens Association) have
discredited ensilage because some who have
fed it have made poor butter. One would
infer from such talk as this that poor butter
never was heard of in Vermont until en-
silage was introduced. Certainly no one has
ever claimed that man who made poor
butter on grass and grain could produce a
gilt-edged article merely by shifting to en-
silage"
If one must draw differences of that
character on such grounds, zone would
infer from such talk" that nonsense
never was heard of in Vermont until
the Ruraps reporter was introduced.
In the first place, we do not discredit
ensilage. We simply do not believe it
to be food which can be largely fed to
COWS in milk and produce the best but
ter. And besides, it is not "because
some who have fed it have made poor
butter" but because some who have
made good butter before using ensilage
have made an inferior article since they
commenced it's use. A short time ago,
while talking with butter-dealer in
Quincy Market, he said: What is the
matter with Mr.. Blanks butter? 1t
used to be frst-class, but it has fallen
off badly within two years" About
that time he began to feed ensilage.
We know, further, that several of the
dealers in the market who have the
reputation of being as good, if not the
best Judges of butter in Boston, think
the feeding of ensilage Injuries the
quality of the butter, and the best but
ter, which sells at the best price, is made
by dairymen who feed no ensilage. II
has been claimed by some of the advo-
Gates of ensilage that feeding it i'm
proved the quality of butter, giving il
a finer color and flavor. Ensilage viii
probably have It's place IN the economy
of stock-feeding, and discoveries may
be made which will greatly improve it'
quality, but in its present acid condi
ton and rank, Objectionable flavor, We
do not believe it can be used to any
considerable extent as food for cow
from which fancy butter is to b'
made. And there are other foods nov
highly commended by chemical au
thorities which we believe will be fount
in the same class with ensilage. 1t b,
no means follows that because fooC
is rich in proteine and fats that its ust
will produce butter of the finest grail
and flavor; neither does it follow tina
such food has no value because it vii
not produce good butter. The presen
demand of consumers and its tendenc,
among the best class of producers i
towards higher quality of butter,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-02-01

CASTOR oil is highly recommended
for softening and preserving shoes.
Applied at night about once month, it
allows polishing in the usual way the
next morning and keeps the leather in
good condition. One who has tried it
for years says his shoes last nearly
twice as long since he began the prac-
tice and they receive higher polish,