Arizona weekly journal-miner., 1888-01-11
nrnRy wATTERsom AND z
 TRADE.
[coNnuNIcArED.l

MT. Watterson in the January number ot Harpers' New Monthly Magazine. A review of that article, think. will now be ID order.
 He starts out with the following state ment "The war of the American Rev olution was the direct consequence of the policy If restriction established by Great Britain over her colonies" If Mir. Wa,terson had read the history of the causes of that revolution he would have found that taxation without representa- ton" was the "direct consequence" of that event. He uses the word restriction as synonomous with protection. which, no doubt, is for the purpose of decen- ing the minimizing. A restriction on trade is a very different thing from pro tection of the industries of ones coun- try. Restriction prohibits, while protec- tion gives license to trade.
 He further says restriction-which be uses instead of protection-in order ito hold its own. it has had to violate the spirit and letter of the federal constitu- tion, which limits the power to levy and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises exclusivelyto public purposes, defined
 to pay the debts and provide for the
 common defense of the United States.
 The first act of general character
 passed by the first congress of the United
 States, in I789, In the preamble thereto,
 declared that 1t twas necessary for the
 support of government, for the discharge
 of the debts of the United States, and
 for the encouragement and protection of
 manufactures, that duties be levied on
 imported goods wares and merchandise" :"
 No doubt the men who framed that act
 were as capable of judging of its con-
 stitutionality as MT. Watterson. The
 most prominent of them who favored it
 were men who were members of the con-
 vention that framed the federal constitu-
 ,ion, and were, to say the least, as famil-
 far with its "spirit and letter" as MT.
 Watterson. One fact is worth a thou
 sand theories, and when numerous others
 are added to the one, no amount of
 sophistries can overturn them. Thus the
 history of our government from its found
 ation, proves that when we have had tariff that gave protection to American
 industry the country has been prosperous eontented and happy; the farmer sold
 his surplus Tn remunerative and healthy
 market; the operative, whether in his
 own workshop or as an employe in the
 factory. was contented with the wages he earned the day laborer also was con- tented with his earnings, for they enabled him to live as comfortably as his em- ployer. But, on the other hand, when ever the tariff was reduced below the point of protection, financial panic, re- duction of wages, the loss of customers for the surplus of the farmer in short, all the avenues of wealth for all classes were closed, and bankruptcy was general among all kinds of business.
 For more particular facts. I will come down to our own times. From I846 to 1860, the democratic party being in pow CT and manipulating the government under the tariff of I846, with some mod iications in 1858, the result we all know was a period of general depression among all classes of our people, and the government itself was put to great straits to get money to defray its necessary ex- penses. and to such an emergency was it that government bonds were hawked about the money centers of the country to raise funds to pay necessary expenses, and that, too, al an exorbtant rate of in- terest. And when Mr. Lincoln was in- ducted into the presidential office in 1861 there was not single dollar in the United States treasury, but a debt of millions of dollars created in a time of profound peace and under a tariff fer revenue only.
 The contrast between the entry of the republican party into power in 1St1 and that of the democratic party in 1883 is and pregnant with important facts. The former in taking charge of Ihe helm of state found a bankrupt treasury, depression in all business trans- actions, and a state of despondency among the people; this independent of l he war cloud then pending The latter, :wenty-four years after, upon the entry of hat party into power. finds the treasury ,verfiowing with cash, so much so that he magcates of the party do mt know | what ito do about 1t" It finds, also, he country prosperous in every depart nent of trade and business, the people and anxious to let we'll enough | lone. As proof of the remarkable tride to prosperity and wealth of the 'eople of the United States between the ears 1860 and 1880 under . protective ariff, the value of the peoples prop rty, according to the census of lS6o, 'as $I4,ooo.ooo,ooo. and in 1880 '44,ooo, 900, 900. This, be it remem- cred, was under protective tariff. For he twenty years between the dates above he increase of the wealth of the people f this country vas at the rae of $Iss- 1000 per month.
 The above facts are worth world of neory, and no amount of cant phrases, lch as. the ''protectionists take money
 om the poor man and give 1t to the ch." ''is . robbery" 'the farmers get DO ene6t from it' ct i'd omne genus, can ainsay these stubborn and undeniable ,cts.