The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-12-08

stutc III jury,
after being locked up all night, returned q
verdict Of not guilty Perhaps even then
King James acts might have been borne
by his subjects If he had not sur
passed all that could Ice believed
possible in folly by attempting TO com
pletely reverse the existing system Of govern.
ment in Ireland. overthrowing British
supremacy there, and to raise an army OF
lrishmen and n standing army in England
without warrant of law The diSaTection
now took the form of open rebellion. The
Earl OF Devcnshire the Bishop of London,
Lord Edward Russell, Henry Sidney. the
Earl of DANNY, George Savile, Marquis OF
Halifax, and many others concerted popular
risngs IN various part Of the country aud
sent an invitation to William, prince of
Orange and stakeholder of the Dutch
republic, whose wife Mary was the
eldest daughter of King James, and had
been born and bred Protestant. her
mother being English and of that faith.
On the LIST of November, loss, William
embarked from HelvoetsluyS with thr-
teen ships OF war and about l4,00O men,
hosting "A flag which displayed the arms of
Nassau and England. On the 5th of Novem
Der, the anniversary of the gunpowder plot
he landed Mt Tor bay, and as he marched to-
ward London the people, led by the noble
men, supported him almost en- masSe, With
him were several of the most noted soldiers
of the continent especially the Count Mar
shall Schomberg, Protestant exile from
France. At Exeter William was received
with extraordinary cermonics aud there was
a service performed in the great cathedral
One by one the prominent men of the British
army and navy went over 10 the sup
port of the prince and after many changes
of plan King James, with his wife aud infant
son, son of Mary Of Modena, the Catholic
second wife Of the king, fled from London
and took ship for France, William, acting
on the advice of the Wing lords, called a
parliament consisting OF all who were en-
titled to sit in any of the late parliamentS;
but as this parliament was made without the
formal and legal issue of the kings writ, it
resolved itself into a convention, which drew
up declaration setting forth the liberties Of
England and providing new securities against
the encroachments of the crown, especially
the haheas corpus, and then formally be-
slowed the crown upon William and Mary.
Then began the great division in
British politics which has continued
with various changes and notifications
to the present day-a division which
exists in all the countries where men are free
"A division between those who want more
power and those who want more liberty
between those who think a strong central
government the best security for the coun-
try and those who are willing to trust more
to the love of free citizens.
The famous Declaration Of Rights was
drawn up by "A parliamentary committee and
adopted by both houses. 1t condemned every
form of Interference with the liberty OF the
citizen not warranted by the strictest con-
struction of law and support of judicial
ruling condemned the ecclesiastical commits
sion and other arbitrary methods of interfer-
ing with the English church, and condemned
standing armies not provided for by express
warrant of parliament 1t denied the right
of any king to dispense with the laws or raise
money without the consent of parliament. 1t
asserted the rights of petition, free cleo
ton and pure and mercful admins
tration of justice. 1t asserted the free
dom OF debate in both houses OF
parliament and declared that the prince
and princess of Orange were king and queen
of England The Declaration OF Rights was
accepted by King William and Queen Mary
and remains the great modern charter of
British liberties The American colonies
were founded with the implied promise that
the principles of that charter extended TO
them. Their forms OF government were
notifications of the British system OF king,
lords and commons and from tho establish
ment OF the colonial governments until tho
beginning of the troubles which led to the
American revolution, the Anglo Americans
enjoyed the liberties of Englishmen. The
liberty OF Americans is but a continuation
and improvement of the liberties their fore.
fathers enjoyed as Englshmen. So the re-
voution OF 1858 has for all OF us an interest
only second If second at all, to that which it
has to the people of Great Britain and Ire-
land -
The exiled king took up his residence at
the French court and long war followed,
England, Holland Austria, Spain. Savoy
and several OF the minor German states
being leagued against France. King Will
liam and Queen Mary died without issue
The house of Orange ceased to rule in Eng.
land and the crown reverted to Anne,
younger sister of Mary, who, though often
mother, died in turn without issue, and the
British parliament was compelled to go back
to an oifshoot of the Stuart line, married to
the elector palatine of Germany, To find tho
nearest heir to the crown, which brought in
the Georges and tho house of Brunswick and
finally Queen Victoria J. II. BEADLE.