Springfield daily republic. [volume] (Springfield, O. [Ohio]) 1887-1888, 1888-07-14

British parliament by Lord Brougham. lie
said: 1T Is worth while to incur a luss
upon first expectations In order 80 stifie In
the cradle the manufactures in the United
States which the war had forced into exist
ehce, contrary TO the natural course of
things" / might read many other extracts
from speeches made in the British parla-
ment, but 1t Is unnecessary. Yet can not
forbear reading from an article published
In the British Encyclopedia, in 1924, in
which 1t il said that Before America can
be In state TO carry on manufactures in
competition with those of Europe. her vast
tracts Of unOccupied land, into which the
growing population of her elder settlements
is regularly flowing, must be stocked.
Until this Is the case. her supply OF labor
ers will be kept below the demand and the
wages above those paid In better peopled
countries of Europe.
''Besides the effect which this state Of the
supply Of labor has In increasing the cost
OF the article, 1t is adverse to the proper
and advantageous execution of the work
The workmen are too independent and in
consequence too unsettled to submit to that
discipline and course Of training from
which alone excellence Of quality and
steady production of quantity are to De 90
tained.'
Here we have the English idea Of the
condition Of the American laborer before
we are ready for free trade In this country.
He must be willing to accept lower wages;
he must be less independent, and must sub
NIT to more discipline.
As our free trade or tariff for ''revenue
1ttyD de- r~far IN EnOtand Q
| ideal free trade nation-in fact the only civ
ilized free trade nstion-we must, of
course. infer that they believe in lower
wages, less Independence and better dlsci-
pline on the part Of the workingman.
But let US return to the history of the
tariff.
To overcome the excessive importatiOns
Of English goods in the American markets.
| the tariff bills of 1S16-l7 were passed, in
creasing the duties In foreign goods; but
the impOrtatIOns in 1916 IL were so large
that but little effect was felt from a pro-
tective tariff until 1s20-31, when our man
ufactures again began to revive.
In 1S24-2S the tariff was again Increased.
and from 1872 TO 1889 our Industries were
placed in fourishlng condition.
| The tariff of 1928 enabled us to pay off
the public debt by July 1st, 15S3-sgain
proving the superiority Of protective
tariff.
| In 1880 our free trade friends became
very active and by 1882 the country seemed
almost ripe for war. The southern people,
who were among the first to petition con-
gress In 1889 for protection, had now be
come free traders. To cOnciliate them. the
tariff of 1882 was passed, largely reducing
the duties on foreign impOrtations; but still
Ii was not satisfactory To the south. South
Carolina carried her opposition 50 far as to
declare the right of secession. To csncil-
late the south, the compromise tariff of
| 1888 was passed. reducing the duties grad
ually until 1S43. when there remained
horizontal duty Of 30 per cent. lad Va
| IOrem."
The same results followed the passage of
this compromise bill of 1888 that had fol-
lowed the reduction of the tariff to q purely
revenue basis since the beginning OF the
government
The revenue fell of thirty three million
dollars (s3S. 0O0. .O0sl per annum from 1885
to 1887, and tO less than twenty million
dollars iS20, 900. 000) from 1887 to 1s41, the
expenditures exceeding the income more
than thirty million dollars, 1880. .00e. 900
To enable the government to meet the
necessary expenditures and pay the public
debt, the tariff of 1s4a was passed
This was tariff for protection and
revenue. During the four years il was in
| operation. from 1s42 TO 1s46. the receipts
amounted to forty-one million, four hun
dred and ninety-one thousand. five hundred
and eighty six dollars tS41. 491. .5S6) more
than the last four years OF the compromise
tariff of 1888. and the public debt was re-
duced to fifteen million. five hundred and
fifty thousand. two hundred and two dol
lars, (s15. $50. .202
In 1886 the free trade, or purely reve nue.
party, again came into power, and the low
tariff of 1916 was passed, and with the
same result that had followed every low
tariff The receipts were not sufficient to
meet the expenditures. and the public debt
was increased from SIS $50, ,263 TO s2s,
500 S3l.
Notwithstanding these results, the free
trade party which was In power In 1851
passed an act reducing the duties still more
The same results followed as heretofore
The receipts did not meet the expenditures
and the public debt was increased from
twenty-eighs million. six hundred ant
ninety-nine Thousand, eight hundred ant
thirty-one dollars (s2S. .699. SD, in 1857, t.
ninety million. five hundred and eight,
thousand, eight hundred and seventy-thret
doiiars tSso, ooo'oiSl IN loot A.,
!, mere cl'so this sho,s hisufy VI he
various tailh acts anu their results iiu.l i
! lses 70 lsfl. II ~ouid oe useless 70 Ins'i
, comparison OF the receceipts anu eApen
dltures OF ths various revenue scts up u
1901 WIN snoSe tnas came aiter tnat unie
, From lsol up 10 the present tiHe; III
, expenditures nave necessarily been so larg
That required extraordinary nhancia
skil 10 iie-i theIn' and YET the nigh tarif
of 1851 did IL successfully, and wthou
crippling single Industry.
|, But enough mas Deem SHOWN 10 prove
without single exception, that az TN