The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898, 1888-07-13
INSIGNIA oF MERlr.
european Orders of Kntghthood OF more
Than Ordinary tatercat.
la.1.IaIa... la.Aa. l.......

European OrtierA of Kntvhthood OF more
Than Ordinary tatercat.
Inquiry has been made as to the sig-
niticance of the Iron Cross the late
Emperor William was so desirous To
have buried with him. Tho Iron Cross
is the chief badge Of military service.
and was conferred upon William when
he was Prince by his brother then
King, for great bravery and sol
tlierly conduct. This was In lS4g, when
he wis given supreme coinmand Of the
royal forces when Baden aud the Pala-
innate rushed into arms against consti-
tuted authority The cross was more
priced by him because he had been re-
called from banishment--h he was exiled
by imperial order In isiS - and the
order pour ie niertte, better than his re-
call, attested his restoration to favor
The order of the Irnn Cross was
founded by Frederick William In 1919
The insignia Is cast-lron cross with
silver mountings and bearing no in
scription ON the reverse the upper
part of the diverse contains the initials
IF. w" surmounted on crown; the
center Is adorned with three oak leaves.
below which Is the number 1873 When
the cross is conferred for military
merit. the ribbon supporting IL is of
black watered silk with white stripes !;
for civil merit, the ribbon is white
watered silk with black stripes.
Other European orders may be re-
terred to with interest. The Royal
a a. A..
founded in 1901 by Frederick. is blue
enameled cross, each arm of which Is
fer<ed with n center gold monogram
IF, r. (Fredricus Rex and crowned
black eagle with spread wings. The
motto is ''Snum Clique (eyery one his
duel. The order Is never conferred
upor persons below thirty years Of
age. Germany has also the or,ler of the
Red Eagle. the second orler Of the
kingdom. founded 1905; the royal or
der Of the House of Hohenzollern. a
gold cross with white and black en-
nmel. founded lS4i; the order of
Louise, small black enameled gold
cross, founded in 1914. exclusively re-
served for ladies'; the Bavarian or,ier
of ST. Hubert. founded l44l. to be all
mitted to which requires that one
should have been six years a member
of the civil order Of merit of the Ba-
varian crown.
Austria shares with Spain, since the
time of Chsrles ". the right of the Or
der of the Golden Fleece. founded in
l429 10y Philip Ill. the Good. Duke of
Burgundy and Count of Flanders. The
French Legion Of Honor was founded
in 1902 a. reward nf civil merit or
military valor. The highest order OF
Russia is that of ST. Andrew. founded
1893. and j. conferred exclusively on
persons Of the most exalted rank. II
Is represented by blue enamelcd
figure of st. Andrew on the cross.
Russia has military order of st.
George. founded in 1909. which 4
never conferred but for gallantry at
sea or in the field. The insignia is q
white enamelcd cruss with gold rim. ou
the diverse side of which is an image
of ST. George and the dragon.
Spain has numerous orders. the old
est being that of Galatrava, founded in
1853. and il now n court distinction
| IftittN touittIFh- UF atNeE Oh AlCutl-
tara was founded in ll77. and is KIM
tied to those who can prove noble
descent through Mt least four genera
tions. The orders of Great Britain arr
more or less famous The first in dig.
nifty is that of the Garter. founded IN
| 1349. The next that of the Thistle.
founded in 1910. the motto of which il
Memo me impune lacessit;" that oi
81. Patrick, 1888. "Quis Separabit?'
that Of the Bath. 1889. "1ria juncta IL
uno;" the Star of India. 1861, motto
Heavens Light Our Guide;" St
Michael aud St. George. 1918. The
chief order of Brazil is that of Pedro
founded in 1922.
Denmark has one Of the most illus
trious orders of chivalry. the order Of
the Elephant which ranks even with
that of the Garter. founded at an un.
certain date. but probably in the
twelfth century. 1t is limited to thirty
knights. Italv's chief order is that o
the Annunciada. reorganized i'm 1918
Sweden has the nobler order of tn,
Seraph. founded 1880. and limited to
twenty-three natives and eight foreign
| ers.- Chicdgo Inter Ocean.