davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
The widow of a Celebrated Man.

A Buffalonian writes from Orr's Island. on
the coast of Maine, of pleasant morning
spent with Mrs. j. A. MacGahan, the widow Of
the famous correspondent whose accounts Of
the Bulgarian atrocities had large share in
the work of changing the map Of southeastern
Europe. Mrs. MacGahan is Russian, and
at the time of her marriage could speak no
English As her husband could speak no
Russian, they used to converse in French alto
gether. She now talks to her little boy Of 13
one week in Russian and the next IN
French. She is the American correspondent
Of two st. Petersburg newspapers, and is en-
gagged upon novel Of Russian life, which
she is writing in English. At Orr's Island
she has been with the family Of Nathan Dole,
of Boston, the accomplished translator Of
Tolstoi's novels. It will be remembered that
Bufalonians were somewhat taken aback
last winter when Charles Williams, the Eng
ish correspondent, spoke Of MacGahan as
fellow countryman. He regarded the fact Of
tho latter's birth in Ohio as matter cf no
sousequsnce.-Bu6sl Courier.
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
containing then 10000 inhabitants. :,

containing then 100000 inhabitants, and
these schools were supported on the sum Of
A.67l roubles Tor nearly 81, ,00O yearly. In
1857 these miserable sixteen schools have
grown into 23O primary schools, in which
u,OO children receive instruction, these
schools having graduated $500 children in
the course of the first decade of their gradual
coming into existence Beside this, the mu.
nicfpality founded eight Sunday schools, two
industrial schools, keeps up 100 poor scholars
on stipends in divers professional schools; a
very complete pedagogic library has been
organized for the use of the 230 public school
teachers in the employ Of the city-but
twenty-seven Of the number being men.
All Of the teachers are required to possess
diplomas of graduation from the highest
colleges of the country; they have fair
salaries-the city spending on its schools
S,502,l0O roubles now-free lodgings, free
medical attendance in cases of sickness and
none being subject to retirement in case of
marriage. The teachers take life long in
terest in their profession and have pension
assigned them after fifteen years OF service
this pension attaining its highest limit for
thirty years teaching.
No corporal punishment is allowed in
schools. The children's health surroundings
are periodically inspected by women physi-
clans in the employ Of the city, and the
scholars are attended free of charge in case
OF sickness. Recognizing the necessity Of
afording some recreation and amusement to
the children Of the poorer classes the teachers
organize excursions with scientifcal ends,
concerts, the city getup lectures with stereop-
ticon views, theatre parties, and every school
in the city has its share of amusement at
Easter and a Christmas tree on the last week
Of December.
For all these extras donations pour in lib
orally from private persons; just as liberal
are the donations for the city schools and un-
pretentious circulating libraries, which
spring up in Russian cities by the thousands,
while money is very seldom donated by pri-
yate parties for concerns falling under the
deadening supervision Of the government.
A serious impeachment to progress in the
sphere of public education in the capital con-
sists in the fact that the government does not
allow teachers to assemble in councils and
conventions for the exchange Of views.
Mrs. j. A. MAcGAHAN.
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

and the exceptional strength required for
going through the whole course Of classical
education.
Happily must it be said, however, not
all the schools come under tho direct
supervision Of the government Govern
ment restraint makes educational matters
something of a forbidden fruit, and sweet to
the people accordingly. Most of the edu-
Gated, enlightened people, not wholly en-
crossed yet in their own selfish career, are
aking great and active interest in public
education. Such rural schools as have es-
capped being put under the baleful in
duence of the uneducated, unambitious
clergy are prospering under the pro-
tection of liberal minded proprietors
and the provincial zemstvos; teach
ers are engrossed by their work; they
often gain over the confidence Of children,
organize frequent botanizing and other
parties with them, infringing beyond the
limits set by the text books approved by the
ministry Of public education, and, through
the children, generally succeed in awakening
the interest of the parents. This latter end
attained, money is easily collected and libra
ries organized in the villages to the mutual
benefit of young and old alike.
While throughout the country school re-
ports are scarcely attainable-th progress Of
education being disguised SO not to awaken
tho misgivings of the government show
ing of the last reports on public education in
st. Petersburg is very wonderful indeed.
1t is but ten years since the local publc
schools have passed from the government ul,-
der the supervision Of the municipality. The
city council, boasting of q number Of most
energetic and enlightened men among ita
members, made public education its favorite
concern, and this is how they succeeded
In 1877 there existed but sixteen parish
schools in St Petersburg, with 500 school
children, and those constituted the whole de-
partmsnt Of primary education in ths city,
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
millionaire Statesmen.

Asto rich statesmen, their name is legion,
and they ought to be classed among the mill
ionaires of Washington. William Walter
Phelps has lands and tenement houses here.
John Sherman has made gold galore in buy
ing and selling Washington property, and
Philetus Sawyer is going to build an $4,000
house and is going to develop gold mine
along the banks Of the Potomac NOT far out
eide Of the District Of Columbia. Ex-Sena-
tor Henderson of St Louis is about build
Ing mansion on the heightr, and the
only millionaire who does not invest here is
Leland Stanford. His possessions SO far
amount to stable which is worth perhaps
5000, and he lives in rented house
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
''south..cu manufactures today are largely

"South.::n manufactures today are largely
hassd uim,n local conditions favoring ch,aO
productions. but without local demand. and
taiS forces tae!r product int, northern mar
Lets. whereas 4 more general development,
h;.st's! t'r's, the :ulkling of such railroads as
Val ''H vs'lt the wealth OF the mountain will
q. " -.',se'i t't. south with it's valleys and its
- 'i.i. !..i.wAvS system. and thus with all
ii' '.i''..:' 1i tue country, would lay founda-
tsit. t''r sUth diversity and magnitude of
ni:iAs a.d manufacturing industry in the
sf':,t.. as would at once diversity southern
agriculture When this is done the last and
Most important OF the causes which led to the
attempt to establish the Southern Confeder-
acy will have disappeared 1t is as important
TO do this as it was to abolish the Confederate
government, because SO long and so far as the
south may remain solid under the dolnina-
tion of the ideas which founded and con
trolled the Confederacy. so long and SO fa1
does the Confederacy vote in the congress Of
the United States.
80 Tar as the race question is concerned,
there is but one way the south can settle it, It
must outgrow it, and it will. Every new in
dustry will diminish its relative Importance
until by increasing the foundation the negro
will cease to be a controlling factor in any
industry and become valuable element il
all.
ut WILL" Judge Kelley continued, sscer
tainly be more pleasant to develop the
wealth of the south for the good and profit
OF both north and south and for the defense
OF the Union, than it was to fight the south
through the long and bitter years of the
war. which removed the greatest material OBJ
stacle to Union human slavery-and opened
the way for the completion of the work.
This is what mean when Ispeak of securing
the results of the war; Southern men are
lighting the battle and we must re-enforce
them. The developement of the south is no
southern but a national question"
Judge Kelley is in earnest as regards south
ern matters He has demonstrated his faith
both by word and deed His son, as he tells
me, has large interests in Alabama, and a
large part of the iron regions of this state are
owned by Pittsburg and Philadelphia peo-
pie. The development going on in the iron
regions of the south is having say men here
from the different parts of other southern
states, an influence in the general stimulation
Of southern enterprise and at no time during
the past twenty years have the southern peo-
pie been more alive than they are now. Many
OF the southern cities are holding expositiona
yearly, and these are having a radical infu.
ence. The New Orleans exposition, while
not financial success, was a success in the
education of tho people and in the stimulation
OF industries, and the expositions at Atlanta
have done much good work. T. j. TODD
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

weary minded, heavy limbed, and fall into
an unquiet sleep, troubled with nightmares
of duties unfulflled, until the early morn
ing, when some friendly hand wakes them at
their own request before dayhreak, so as to
enable them to glance once more over their
hard lessons
As this terrible regime is kept up even in
well to do, intelligent families in Russia, it is
scarce worth wondering that only tho strong
est children survive.
But, notwithstanding this wholesale
slaughter of innocents," the ambition of
all intellectual people is set on providing
their children with university education,
q high educational standard being considered
indispensable in Russia for any one calling
himself gentleman.
The curriculum of the middle schools is
kept up very high on purpose. the govern
ment being intent on barring out as many
young men as possible from the universities,
too much learning in the masses being held
to constitute danger to the stability of
monarchical Institutions Yet the field of
individual, practical enterprise is so re-
stricted by the provoking impedlments put
up on every hand by the government, and
commerce is held in such little esteem
throughout the country that all young people
of the middle and higher classes aspire to a
university education, and there are even
peasants sons and daughters nowadays to be
found among the graduates Of the highest
schools of the country. OF late the govern
meat has issued decree, however, forbidding
sons of peasants, of workmen and Of the
lower tradesmen to be admitted to the schools
of higher learning. Henceforth no scientific
genius, no great artist or author will be
brought forth in Russian schools unless he
comes from the higher classes of the people.
Apart from the higher professional schools
and universities, which, in Russia, stand
about as Highland the chronological schools
even higher-than in other European coun-
tries, the schools of the country can be CLASH
fed as schools run by the government and
schools run by the peopleewhether it be
private educators, municipalities or the rural
assemblies, called zemstvos
Directly under the sway of the govern
ment and the ministry ofpublic education are
the different military schools corresponding
to West Point; the crowns classical gymnasia
for both sexes, standing midway between
the American grammar school and college
and the lower district primary schools in
towns and cities. In the same category may
be classed such of the rural schools as had
been placed Of late by the government under
the direction Of the ignorant and ill paid
village clergy, with instructions to keep
down education in the country at the lowest
level possible, according to the policy Of the
government ITO avoid creating dangers by
partial education and awakening demands
which the economic powers of the nation
cannot satisfy"
All those schools. with the exception of the
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

AAAAASS$A Os
giving the child's
mind q classical
training since the
time he has mas
tered his three Rs.
In order to prevent
children from as
suming live, prac-
tical tendencies,
fostered by q sci
entifc course Of
study, boys in the
government gym
nasia are kept at
Greek and Latin
after ten years of
age, and are thus
doomed to devote
many years of
study quite unprof-
itably for them
selves, unless they
have the means
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
VILLAGE SCHOOL.


Family and school discipline may be heavy
enough in Germany, France, Belgium and
other countries, but there studies are varied
by divers exercises, military drills or turn
vereins to relieve the monotony of book
learning; there is the animation, the life of
the streets in southern countries.-a multi
tude of varied impressions to be gathered
by observant and easily amused childrens
eyes under the open sky where they are al
lowed to run unrestricted.
In Northern Russia, however, everything
seems combined to weigh down healthy
child's spirit; against it is even the climate,
which makes it impossible to venture out Of
doors without heavy wraps for fully half Of
the year, whilst for two or three other
months rains and freshets mako the roads
entirely impossible in all places outside Of
cities.
0f oo,,rco o1,;l<1 ,o,, H. .l.:1,-..
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

ular peasant footgear, unless it be the warm
high felt boots rarely provided for children.
AS to the streets Of the Russian cities, not
only exhilarating snowballing, but even all
quieter games, are prohibited in them. The
idea of stopping in the street for play seems
never to enter the head Of Russian young
ster of good belongings, though regular street
ragamuff1ns manage to find secluded spots
where to indulge in the dissipation Of a play
of 'babky." the equivalent Of the American
game of marbles, the marbles themselves
being represented among the Russian young
population, however, by bones Of calves or
pigs feet, with which boys there stuff their
pockets to their own most intense satisfac-
tion.
Were two youngsters to have the cheek to
play ball in one of the large cities thorough
fares in Russia, that would surely attract
squadron of mounted gendarmes or Cos
sacks, who would land them, most likely, in
the nearest station house, were not the
youngsters to take to their heels betimes SO
as to spare so much trouble to the stern
guardians of the peace.
Upon the whole, much of the children's
time is passed indoors, and most Of their
leisure is devoted to reading. The majority
Of Russian children are voracious readers,
and grow up to make industrious students.
It is painful to notice. however, how early,
Notwithstanding their slow physical develop
ment, do they discard all children's ways; it
is nothing out Of common for 14-year-oid
boys of the gymnasia to display passion
ate interest in politics, to quarrel about po.
itical questions, to be attracted by the most
radical doctrines, and even to conspire to
overthrow tho government. Many find them
selves unable to bear the b1unt Of bite for
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
course, children will be children eyery-

where. Even in
Russia the young
sters brave the ele-
ments whenever
they can. But then,
even hardy peasant
boys cannot run
much about the
snow barefoot, as
they go the year
round ut home;
feet are apt to
freeze even when
protected by slip
pers made out of
braided strips Of
birch bark, the legs
being bandaged
with coarse strips
of linen, instead Of
-A~.1~:~-.-%bo uo~
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

generally m s t
handy-and take
up their lessons for
the next day until
th Q regular st.
Petersburg dinner
hour at 6. Half
past z finds almost
all school children
in the cities at their
books, and there is
nothing but study
all evening-with
the intermission of
swallowing a cup
Of weak tea with
bread and butter
about half-past 8 in
the evening. Often
10 o'clock strikes
before the average
conscientious schol-
a1's have had time
to prepare their
heavy tasks for the
morrow-and they
tumble to bed
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
RUSSIAN CHILDREN.
SOMETHING ABOUT THEIR LIFE At
HOME AND IN SCHOOL,
Children win BE Children Wherever
They Are. but the Children Of Russia
Have Some Peculiarities Not Shared by
the Children of Other Lands,
Especial Corresnondence1 ]

New YORK, Sept. 24-Well may it be
doubted whether any intelligent child in
the entire extent of the United States could
ever be induced to exchange his lot for that
of the European child were he to know tho
exact way children are managed in European
countries. Heavy indeed are tho burdens
borne by children's shoulders in the Old
World-but nowhere as heavy as in Russia.
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

MOUNTED CossACK PATRoLL1NG STREETS
education, and many fall out of the ranks of
scholars, either for lack of appicarlon, of in
telligence, health or Of pecuniart means to
keep body and soul together during the long
succession Of school years. Ambition being
fostered to quite an abnormal degree, cases
are by no means infrequent of children of Is
even Of II committing suicide in conse-
quence Of having failed in their examina-
tion.
Much Of those dire tendencies must be al
most equally set down to the account Of the
unbearable mental strain children are sub
mitted to at school as to their getting Insult.
dcient food and recreation.
Even boys and girls Of fairly well to do
families are sure to 60 to school on dark
northern winter morning having had nothing
but cup of tea or milk With q little white
unbuttered bread for their break ktasts, which
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05

h3entirely insufficient, though it is true thas
the climate does not brace up your appetite
there early in the day. At school children
work hard from a. m. until 8 p. M, with
only two intermissions Of five minutes dura-
tion each, and have half an hour for lunch
at midday ay-that lunch again consisting but
Of dry roll or, at best, a meager sandwich.
Hurrying home, the children have dinner
OF three courses at 4 in the afternoon, OF
else snatch hasty bite at something to still
their hunger-a cup Of tea and jam coming
Bismarck weekly tribune., 1888-10-05
THE SUNNY SOUTH
JUDGE KELLEY SAYS 1T IS -t,r 81.
DORADO OF A BRIGHT FUTURE
Its Resources Are Vast. Varied :.s.,. *
cessible; Its Climate Is Uns;.l.::,assss, !
Any Other, and 1t Will Escse.;:., ej3.,;.,.., :,
a Great Popoulation.
Especial Correspondence. |


WASHINGTON, Sept. M.-It is wonderful
how Judge Kelley holds his own, both me,.-
tally and physically. He came to congress
twenty-eight years ago, and he has been a
leading figure in every congress since then
He has for years been the father OF the
house, and now in his 18th year he is thor
oughly posted on every move upon the polit-
ical chess board. He studies not only Wash
ington matters, but those of the whole United
States, and he has as much interest in everv
part of the country as though Uncle Sans
dominion all belonged to him. There is
nothing of the pessimist about him, and he
thinks the present the best of times. He has
faith in the growth Of the country, and es-
pecially Of the south. talked with him last
night about the conflicting interests Of the
United States, and asked him for his views
OF the general outlook. He replied:
Zone who has seen as much as I have of
dangers overcome and of the country's
growth in wealth and prosperity, Of the
ability of our people to meet as it arose any
emergency, however great and terrible, and
deal with it successfully, and Of their adapt
ability to constantly changing conditions,
cannot doubt as to the future. Compared
with the task of the past, under all its diff
culties and dangers, the work of the future is
but child's play. The results achieved since
1861, under all the stress and loss and destruc-
tion of war, and through years of disturbance
following the war, are wholly unparalleled
and unapproached in the worlds history.
The rewards which the future offers us, if we
wisely take them, will be, compared with
those of the past, in proportion as our greater
strength i'll experience, skill, capital and
labor to do with, will be to the lessened Diff
culties to be overcome. To doubt that we
shall take what the future holds for us is to
distrust the common sense of the American
people and the overruling kindness of Provi-
f}onra !,
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1888-05-19
MICHIGAN.

CLARK w. Fuller, OF otsego, aged eIgh.
teen. can make clock or watch OF almost
any design.
--vemoutyllle has sold and shipped more
maple sugar and syrup this season than any
other town In Michigan.
The lumber yards OF the Chippewa Lum-
Der Company, ut Chippewa Lake, burned.
Loss, $4,000; insurance. 100000.
The April product Of the Calumet a
Hecla mine was ?, 409 tons OF copper; Allan
tic, 2l41E tons; osceola, 2io; Tamarack, 6lo
tons.
Harry Waters, OF Orangeville, ran
thorn In his eye the other day, and infiam-
nation ensuing, had TO have the eye re-
moved.
--Roxane. Eaton County, has forty-four
fiddlers, and though they are surrounded by
people who can step most anything, they
are not rich.
cd IN Boardman Lake. nc Traverse City while
running logs The body was recovered. He
leaves a wife and tive children.
The body OF John Aiken. who mysterl.
ously disappeared last December. was found
in Long Lake, twelve miles from Cassopolis.
lie was undoubtedly murdered.
john flaNol, auespcrah THIEF or many
aliases. pal OF "Blinky Morpan,v and want
ed for iobbing various postoflces was arrest
ed at Detroit after determined resistance.
--wilber McLcon, aged twelve years,
played with dynamite cartridge In stanton
IN school He Lost thumb and three fin
gers, and the school was nearly scared TO
death
Lyman Hawkins, blacksmith OF Char
lotte, was severely hcrsewhippcd by Mrs
Addie Prescott. She claims that Hawkins
grossly insuItsd her two children. He will
bs arrested