The sun. [volume] (Morris, Stevens County, Minn.) 1882-1895, 1888-10-11
TARIFFS C0MPAR
PRINCIPAL SCHEDULES FROM 1889
CAREFULLY EXAMINED.

PRINCIPAL SCHEDULES FROM 1889
CAREFULLY EXAMINED.
Summary Of tho Changes In Duties from
| tho First Tariff Imposed by the United
States Government to the Present Time.
| Changes Proposed by tho Mills Bill.
| Copyrighted by the American Press Association
| No other subject in American politics has
been SO often and SO continuously debated Us
the tariff. 1t is not surprising, therefore,
that the rate of duties upon imports into the
| United States has been changed no less than
ffty times since the establishment Of their
| government. But emitting minor changes,
| Of which there have been as many as three in
| one year, the different tariffs adopted by
congress may be classed under eleven heads,
| viz:
| l. The Hamiltonian or Federalist tariff,
the first adopted, signed by President WASH
ington on July 4, 1850, and amended many
times in the following twenty three years
and generally by higher rates. 1t was sus-
| pended for a time by the "e,nbargo" of
President Jefferson, which practically pro-
hibited all trade with Europe.
q The war tariffs of 1Sl2-15, nominally
moderate, but made prohibitory for time
by the British blockade.
! s. The Lowndes- Calhoun tariff of 1916,
avowedly protective and designed ito pre-
serve those industries called into existence
by the exigencies of the war and by the
| blockade"
4. The first "Clay tariff" sometimes called
the Republican tariff" Of 1924, raising the
rates of 1916 and adding many articles pro-
duced in the newer states. This was the first
tariff levying duties on wool.
| 5. The tariff Of 1928, the highest before the
war, denounced by its enemies as 1.-THE
Tariff of denominations"
G. The modifying tariff" of 1889, designed
to "correct the inequalities" Of that of 1928.
2. The compromise tariff of 1888, designed
| to pacify the nulifiers of South Carolina and
providing for taking off one-tenth of the
| higher duties each year until all should reach
a uniform rate Of 20 per cent.
| 8. The Wing tariff Of 1S43, adopted on the
| plea that the treasury was empty and the
manufactures prostrated and designed to bs
| both for revenue and protection.
8. The Polk-Wallser tariff of 1916, abolish
ish all existing duties and providing for a
| lower scale Of duties on what was alleged to
be a scientific plan" The rates averaged
about % per cent, if luxuries be included
TO- The Democratic Republican or second
compromise tariff Of 1857, reducing the rates
of the Polk Walker tariff on the plea that
| the revenue was excessive
| H. The Morrill, tariff of 1861, the first
| tariff providing for a general system of COM
| pound and differential duties, specific and
| ad valorem, and making differences between
| koI Al.
world This tariff was frequently raised
during the war, revised in 1866, 1867, 1869
and 1870, reduced 10 per cent. in 1872, raised
| to the old rates in 1875, and slightly reduced
| In 1888, the result being the present tariff.
1t has been avowedly protective throughout.
| The Mills bill would make certain reduc-
tions on the rates left in 1883 and place sew
| eral articles, of which wool is the most i'm
| portant, on the FREQ list
| The student of American tariff legislation
| should keep constantly in mind the fact that,
| until 1879, the tariff question was always
| complicated with the questions of banking
| and currency, and that change in the one
| often produced results now erroneously
! charged or credited to the other. While
there have been eleven general tariffs and
| some forty minor changes under the general
heads, there have been no less than eight dis
tinct systems Of currency and banking.
which may be thus titled: The Hamiltosian
United States bank era, 1889 to 1911; tho
| Madisonian state bank era, 1911 to
| 1917; the Clay, etc., United States
bank era, 1917 to 1s36-'37; the Jack
| son-Benton 'hard money" experiment,
| 1887 to lS41 the general state bank system.
| 1S41 to 1862; the greenback and national
| bank system with suspension of specie pay
ments, 1862 to 1879, and the era of s'equaliza-
ton" cf coin and paper, from 1870 to the
present. The student who attempts to study
| the currency alone finds his scientific conclu-
| sions constantly set at naught by tho facts
| the interfering factor is the tariff. If he at
| tempts to deduce general conclusions on tho
tariff from admitted facts, he is perpetuallv
| thwarted by revulsions due to the currency.
| If he attempts to combine the two in one be
| IS still often perplexed in forming correct
| conclusions.
The following compilation presents a COM
| parison of tariffs from 1850 to the present
upon those articles the duties upon which
| would be affected by the Mills bill were it to
become n law. Limitations as to space, how
| ever, have made it possible to show the most
| notable changes only. The items are CLASH
| fled alphabetically, the nomenclature of the
Mills bill being observed SO far as has been
found practicable The first date given in
u!CdCcS Cuo year ULl6 dTClCl6 uQOeI CODS1Qora-
| tion was first placed on the schedule the
| next date the first change of note, ETC.
| In every case, however, the rate of the
| schedule of 1888, now in force, and referred
to here as 1883, is given just before the fig
ures proposed by the Mills bill. In the mat
| it has been thought better to give one short
explanatory paragraph than to attempt to
| give the schedules In full In fact, this would
Re impossible, as comparison of the schedules
on wool alone would quite fill this page. The
letters IN. o. p. T." stand for s'not otherwise
provided for" Here are the figures:
Acetate OF Lead. brown, 1s42, 4 cts. lb;
1864. 20 cts. h.: 1875. cts. lb.: 1885, cts h.:
| Mills bill. cts. lb.
Acetate Of Lend. white: 1s42. 4 cts. h.;
1872 10 eta. lb.; 1885, cts lb.; Mills bill. cts lb
| Acid. tannic or tannins 1884, $200 lb.:
1876. $l.0o I 1883. 81 lb.: Mills bill. 80 cts h.
Acids. acetic, acctous and pyrolig.
neous, exceeding specific gravity Of 1 471ooo per
lb.: 1s42 20 per cent; 1864. so cts b 1875 80 css
h.: 1858. 10 cts. h.; Mills bill cts. Ib.
Acorns and Dande elton Root. and all sub
sttutes for coffee p. f. 1870. free: 1876 cts.
| ib.; 1888. cts. lb.; Mills bill. free.
Alums 1916. $500 and s2.Oo cwt.; 1924. az cts.
lb; 1872 TX cts. lb.; 1a46 20 per cent; 1861 cts
| lb.; 1883. 6 cts. h.; Mills bill free.
Anilino Oil and its homologues: 1870. free:
| 1883. free; Mills bill. free.
Antimony. % regulus or metal: 1903. free:
ls4e. 20 per cent: 1854, 10 per cent? 1876 10 per
cent; 1888. 10 per cent; Mills bill. FREQ.
Bags OF Jute for grain: 1864. 80 psr cent;
1883. IS per cent; Mills bill. FREQ
Baryta. Nitrate 0Fs 1864. 20 per cent;
| Mills bill. e ct. lib.
Baryta, sulphate offs 1s42. Il ct. lb.; ls4s.
20 per cont; 1864. X ct. lb.; 1883. 10 per cent;
| Mills bill. free.
Beads 1882. IL per cent; 1s42. as per cent:
1876. 30 per cent? 1854, 30 per cent; 1885, 90 per
cent; Mills bill. 10 per cent.
Beefs 1894. ct. lb.; 1sk6. 20 per cent; 1864.
ct. lb.; 1883. cts. lb.; Mills bill. free.
neeswsxs lsl2, Is per cent: 1sls. 20 per cent.
| 1883. 20 per cent; Mills bill free.