The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-11-14


bricks is proportionately less, 1000 brick:
requiring only about 600 barrels of coal
|. O.: one ton OF coal burns about 1000
bricks OF this size, in old fashioned kilns.
One ton OF coal costs In America about SO;
tho coal for burning 200 bricks in Amer.
lea, therefore, costs about 81. According
10 these figures, the coal for burning loo
bricks in Europe in old fashioned kilns
costs ABOUT $3.50. The market price Of
brick per 1000 is about the same In
| Europe as in America, common building
brick, on an average, selling Mt 50 per
1000; therefore, in America the fuel re-
quired for burning in old fashioned kilns
only represents abont % per cent. while
in Europe IL represents 22i per cent OF
the market price Of brick. This difference
is caused partly by the difference in the
size of the American brick, compared with
tho European, partly by the low wages
paid in Europe compared with those paid
in America.
From the foregoing IL is evident that
any saving in fuel Is Of much more inn
portanco TO tho European brickmaker
than to the American; according TO the
foregoing figures, II Is OF more than twice
the advantage TO the European brick
maker. IL IL natural. therefore. that
nearly all ondoayors 10 reduce tho amount
OF fuel for burning tho brick have origin.
ated in Europe. Tho Americans, on the
other hand, have spent their energy and
inventive genius chiefly 10 removing the
labor in making and handling the brick.
especially for labor-saving machinery.
In burning brick, as well ~ in other in.
dustries requiring high temperatures, any
considerable saving in fuel can be OBJ
tanned only by continuously working
kilns furnaces, etc.
In burning brick periodically, rs in old
fashioned kilns, great waste OF fuel arises
in a twofold way ~ During the process
| OF burning vast amount OF heat escapes
from the top OF the kiln, constantly in
creasing from the beginning 10 the end OF
the burn; (2) the entire heat contained in
the burned brick aud In the kiln walls,
when the fires are put out, Ia wasted dur
| ing the cooling OF tho kiln. From these
two sources about two-thirds OF the fuel
used In ordinary kilns liz wasted ~ has
been proved by tho substitution Of CON
| tinuous kilns instead OF the old ones. The
| principle OF the continuous kilns IL U) 10
use tho heat contained in the ready burned
brick for heating the atmospheric air sup
porting the combustion, aud ~ 10 use the
heat passing away from the fire for heating
the green brick yet 10 DO burned.
The first attempt 10 burn brick contin.
ually was the railway kiln exhibited at tho
Paris Exposition In 1857 II appears un.
certain who was tho inventor OF said kiln,
whether Collas, Bowie or who else. The
railway kiln, however, did not prove a
success, either In Germany, by Mr.. Book,
or in England, by Mr.. Foster. also
know Of ease In America where the rail-
way kiln was tried, but likewise without
success, tho brick coming out OF the kiln
being uniformly pale" This was In
1867 ut the brickyard Of Barnard & llar.
ycy Ut llesionville, on the Pennsylvania
Central Railroad. near Philadelphia, where
| n railway kiln WINS In uso In connection
with Chambers machine.
In the railway kiln n train Of platform
ears loaded with brick was slowly moved
by means Of u screw worm or hydraulic
pump through long straight tunnel, In
the middle oi which the fire WIS burning,
IRON the fire tho loaded brick moved
toward tho end OF the tunnel, cooling
down while In motion. The draught OF
air IN tho tunnel went In tho opposite
direction, the air entering where tho
burned brick left the tunnel, passing
through tho fire aud escaping 10 the chin.
noy AZ the other end. where the can,
loaded with green brick entered the ,un-
mel.
In the year 1859 the irsl Hoffman, kiln
was SIT 10 work In the city OF Sicttin, l'rus.
| Hia, and IN u lew ycan 100 u these kilns
wcrc erected in Germany, Austria. Eng
| land, etc To-Day thousands Ut Hoffman,
| kilns are in operation, all over the world,
burning all claRs's OF brick. including the
finest paving brick, terra Gotta, roofing
tiles, etc. In tho United States thorc arr
only about d1Fsp s-.vinu ffUumunn
L.i.,,, liu INST one was erected nc Carbon
Ciii, Rock Island County, Ill.,, In tho
year 1864
In the Hoffman, kiln tho bricks arc not
moved during the process Of burning M In
the railway Kiln, on the contrary they arc
vet into tho burning chamber ~ In Old.
fashioned kilns, and the 6rr b. passed
through them horizontally, leaving burned
brick behind. The buuing chnmb,r of
the hoffman, kiln consists Of an endless
tunnel oi an annular shape. either circular.
nr elliptic OF ohlong In plan. This endless
tunnel Is successfully lllcl with green
brick, and after the nru has pl4aed
through, leaving tho burned brick be.
bind, they arf guCcrsslyely iaken ont
when sufficiently cooled down. soon after.
wand they arc replaced by grccn brick. Il
takes from ton o. NNtpun DAYS Dor the frs
70 make rjund In the Hoffman, kiln;
during tie same Time the whole Kiln l.
once filled with green brick and once emp.
tied. Tho Min, thofvion', h burned round
tWico o. thrcc times in. each month.
lloiimAnn kiln Of the lau,est niTc turn ont
about 5000 hrllk uor dty nr about
l.MlUupir muuth. those 81 the smallest
h.fc turn out about 1000 brick per day,
W lo1,uUO per month.
] will not occupy the limo Of Tho conycn.
ton With lunr description ol the lioI-
W1nn hiIn which would require illustm-
lions, However, | must say q Tow words
about Zoe mode a hufninr Tie c1tl of
other fuel, rurh mswuoi Ignite. Peat, etc,
b dropped through small holes no tho arch
of the burning chamber down into an up.
right Tue, built up With tao green brick
under each oi said feeding holes Tie
fuel is instantly imitrdhy IN, hul air com
inR rom the rraly burned brick aud pass
inH along horizontally IN The burning
chamber SAID upright hucs in which tho
ruN N burning IN built 49, ui common
brick, rut Of 1cr brick. which would bo
.p1Icl 10y thc uluitct With the cinlcrs
" ilcc brick exclusively arr 10 io burned
in lhc llu,lmanu kiln. said upright nucs arc
cIih'r butt up permanently of ufo brick
or the kiin ~ hp'd with gt,, ciihor artificial
or natural in this case gas pipr.
made OF hc clay, n inserted into each nl
Nui upright iluue. lhr4e rip,s hvinr Der.
iuuicd, discharge the ga into thc burning