The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1888-08-08

The debates in congress at various periods
amply prove this fact. In 1864 Mr.. Morrill,
said:
The treasury requires a larger supply OF means
and such sources OF revenue as have not already
yielded the maximum contributions must now be
sought, that may ill the measure OF our
wants This has made an increase of internal duties
necessary, and that increase 10 considerable ex-
tent imposes on us the duty we'll as affords the
power Of obtaining increased revenue from duties
on imports from abroad. And when we i'm
pose tax Of per cent upon our manufactures and
increase the tariff 10 the same extent upon foreign
manufactures, we leave them on the same relative
footing they we're at the start, and neither has
Of complaint.
Senator Allison in 1870, not then "cribbed,
cabined and confined by such an iniquity as
the Chicago platform OF 1883, discussed this
question as follows:
desire to call the attention Of the committee to
the growth of the present tariff In 1861 at the close
OF the Thirty-sixth congress- the policy of the gov
eminent was changed by the passage OF what was
called the Morrill, tariff; tariff prepared In the in
terest of protection, and distinguished from the
tariff of 1886 and 1851 by the imposition OF heavy
duties upon articles manufactured in this country.
and by admitting free of duty many raw materials
twice durinr the ystr 1861 for the mn rpose 81 in
creasing the revenue but upon leading articles re-
NAMED substantially the same until July IL, 1862,
when thorough revision of the tariff of 1861 was
made. BY this revision the tariff increased gen.
orally TO compensate for the internal revenue tax
and upon few articles for the purpose Of increasing
the revenue. Mr.. Stevens in debate said that the
principle adopted the one that ment toned
when the tax bill was under consideration namely,
the additional duty was fixed, nearly possible,
at the rate as taxation, except in few cases
where necessary TO correct errors in the present
tariff Mr.. Shelabarger, then a member from Ohio,
in his seat and asked Mr.. Morrill, il there was
any increase OF duty over and above the tariff Of
1861, save and except the oompensating duty made
necessary by internal revenue taxes. Mr.. Morrill,
in reply said that there was no increase except for
that purpose or for the purpose OF revenue upon ar
tices not produced in this country.
On the following day Mr. Allison spoke again
on the same point, and said:
This large internal revenue tax was made the ex-
and cause of the advance of the tariff of July
yesterday of the then chairman of the committee OF
ways and means in 1862 Mr.. Thaddeus Stevens, HIM
self a protectionist, and certainly in favor OF the
protection of the great interest of Pennsylvan Ia
iron. he made a pledge on this floor in 1852 that
those additions OF duties upon manufactured articles
imported in this country were made necessary be-
cause of tho internal revenue taxes. Both he and
Mr.. Morrill,, subsequently chairman of the and
means committee declared the act OF June, 1864, was
n temporary measure-a war measure-and was not
intended a measure which should remain upon
the statute book as a protective tariff in time OF
peace
What vigilant and unremittlng care there
was by the high tariff conspirators, that not
the slightest burden should rest on the hun
dred fold protected manufacturer, and that the
labor of the land should promptly and fully
compensate him for every dollar of the 3 per
cent. tax paid TO the government! Everything
was paid back to him out OF the laboring man s
pockets; but clear conception of the base and
fraudulent character of this legislation can
only be had by recalling the fact that the acts
OF 1862 and 1864, making compensation to the
manufacturers, by monstrous and abnormal
tariff duties, were declared ut the time OF their
passage to be but temporary in their character,
designed simply to refund the per cent tax to
the manufactured, and to be repealed when that
tax ceased TO be collected. Senator Morrill,, in
speaking OF the act OF 1864, said:
This is intended as a war measure, temporary
measure, aIt we must as such give il our support.
Again he said
The present bill is not likely to suit everybody,
and regard IL only rs temporary measure, INT 20
be introduced because OF the imperious necessities
OF our present condition.
also recall at this time a speech made in
1872 by very clear-headed member OF the
house, Mr. Finkelnbnrg of Missouri, which de.
seryedly arrested general attention at the time.
Among other things on this subject he said:
To many 1t may seem unnecessary to enter into
any argument TO show that these war duties never
intended TO be anything but temporary in their
character, and yet there those who, since the
piraton OF the war, have attempted TO clothe them
with new garment and TO Incorporate them into
the permanent fiscal legislation of country.
That they never so intended abundantly APP
pears by glance at the laws imposing them and the
grounds upon which their adoption was urged dur
ing the war In the beginning of the war these du-
ties were raised simply a revenue measure, TO in
CTtdSc receipts OF the BONeInUlcub W Autcl
the extraordinary expenditures OF the war. Then
came the internal revenue system which levied ex-
traordinary taxes on our domestic manufactures
and then in turn the duties upon foreign import:
were raised again TO compensate our home manufac-
turers for the internal taxes which they were COM
PEELED to pay | call special attention TO the latter
fact, because II has important bearing, an incon
trcvortibe bearing upon the propricty of reduction:
at the present time The title OF the act OF July u
1862, by which most tariff duties were Increased wa
IAN act increasing temporarily the duties on Inn
ports" When IL was brought before the house fol
consideration Mr.. Stevens, then chairman OF the
ways and means, said the additional duties were
hxed, as nearly as possible, at the same
rates levied under the internal revenue upon
domestic goods OF like character. The
bill was supported throughout and finally passed
upon the idea OF a compensatory duty for the taa
placed upon the home manufacturers. In
speaking of iron In particular, Mr. Morrill, said thai
Gin adjusting the tariff iron the principle has beer
10 give increase upon the tariff of 1861 equal 10 the
internal duties" In the course OF his speech be
peaedly spoke OF the bin rs temporary measure, a
a war measure, and measure imposed by the scare
ity OF laborers. and the enormous direct taxation
The amount to be annually raised and re
funded to manufacturers by the swollen duties
OF these so-ealled temporary war enactments o.
1862 and 1864 was very large. In single yeal
the cotton mills paid factory tax of $1,000,
600. the wooden mills paid S9,000,00O; the iron
industry over $40, 100000, and the entire excise
tax on domestic manufactures, not including
spirits and tobacco, reached in that year S125,
100000 BY the legislation Of 1862 and 1864 i
was provided that this enormous sum, and 9th
ers in proportion from year to year. should bt