davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

There are about 265,OOO Indians in
the United States, not counting the
Alaskans. About 10000 of them are
In Arizona, l2000in California, 10000
In Dakota, 1000 in Indian Territory,
2S,OOO In New Mexico, 13,000in Mon
tana, ll,0O0 in Washington Territory,
5000 in Wisconsin, 5000 in Nevada,
5000 in Wisconsin, 1000 in Michigan,
5000 in Minnesota, 5000 in New
York and 5000 along the line be-
tween North Carolina and Tennessee,
and fewer thousands in Oregon,
Idaho, Nebraska, Utah, Kansas and
Wyoming, and scattered hundreds in
Colorado, Iowa, Texas, Indiana, Flor
ida and Maine.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

Earnest, persistent work always
has its reward, no matter in what
direction it may be exerted. It has
been our constant aim to furnish the
people with the best paper in this
section, and the many words Of COM
mendation we receive are encourage
ing, and while they are not calculated
to make us stuck up" they have the
elect of nerving us TO go ahead in
our good work. We give all the
news to be gathered and our readers
appreciate what we are doing. Friends
show your paper 10 your neighbors
and make them subscribe. Only 81 a
year, twice week.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
Are You Going to Kansas
Missouri, Colorado, Cali
fornia or Any of The
Western Statesi

If you should avail yourself of the
advantages tina: are now offered by
che Kansas City Route, the only di-
rect route from the South to the
West and Northwest. This line runs
its entire trains, with Pullman Palace
Sleeping Cars and free Reclining
Chair Cars, from Memphis to Kan
sas City, saving many hours time
over any other route. If you are 60
ing you will save money by purchas-
ing your ticekts via Memphis and the
Kansas City Route. Send for large
map of this Short Route mailed free
Address,
j. E. LOCKWOOD,
Kansas City, Mo.
II. D. ELLIS, Ticket Agent
81 Madison Street Memphis, Tenn
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

ID. S. Troutman, West Fork p. o,
Reynolds County, Mo, writes as fol-
lows: 81 sold one bottle of WHITES
CREAM VERMIEUGE to my neighbor,
Mr. Allen Moore. He gave the med
icine to three of his children, and it
brought from them fully 800 worms.
This, l think, is worth calling atten-
ton TO the friends of children and
enemies to worms. Twill soon order
more of the VERKIFUGE For sale
by H. b. Garner.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
She Was Completely cured

A daughter of my customer missed
menstrnation on arriving at puberty
her health was completely wrecked
AT my suggestion she used one bottle
of Bradileld's Female Regulator,
which cureG her. j. w. HELsuMs,
Water Valley, Miss.
Sold by Buckner Leavell, Druggist,
IIopkinsville, Ky.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

We warrant TAYLoR's SURE CHILL
CURE to give entire satisfaction in all
cases that it is recommended for, pro-
vided the contents of bottle are used
according to directions. For sale by
II, B, Garner.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

"The cry Is still they come" for
CoUssENs' HONEY OF TAR, because il
is the only remedy that will positive
ly cure coughs, colds and ALL diseases
Of the throat and lungs. For sale by
III. b. Garner.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

CoUssEN's HONEY OF TAR and DIR
TABLER's PILE OINTMENT are good
sellers with us, also WIRES CREAM
VERMIFUGE, but TAYLoR's SURE CHILL
CURE leads, All appear to give salts
faction wherever used. For sale by
II. b. Garner.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

market, the dose being small, 1t is the
cheapest. 1t is its own purgative,
and does not require TO be followed
by the nauseous dose of castor oil or
other purgatiVe medicine. Full di-
rections on every bottle. For sale by
IL. b. Garner.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
The Longest Word in English.

Which is the longest word in the
English language2 "Smiles, /" because
there's a mile between the first and
last letters.-Christian Register. The
Register has probably forgotten the
word beleagured. There sre three
miles in a league.-New York Obscr-
YER.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
What it Costs to Raise Tobacco.
IClarksyille Cultlyator J

Mr.. Embry makes the following es-
innate Of the cost of raising tobacco,
and his climates are reasonably low
But few would contract to do the
work at the figures gwen. 1t will be
observed from this itemized estimated
that it costs s. per hundred TO raise
tobacco at the average production Of
800 pounds per acre. The crop this
year will doubtless average that much,
but generally not over 100 pounds,
which would make the cost So per
hnu1raJ
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

Nothing so much pleases a bust.
ness as strickly first class stationery
printed In a manner satisfactory to a
close observer. The work turned
cut by the KENTUoKIAN is such as
10 stand the test, end all who want
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

scapes, etc, will appear, and there are TO
DO illustrated articles on Bible scenes,
treating especially the subjects Of the Liter
national Sunday-School Lessons. George
W. Cable will write "Strange, True Stories
Of louisiana" There will be novelties
and short stories by leading writers, occa-
sional articles on war subjects supplement
al TO the famous "War Papers" by General
Grant and others, which have been appear
ing in The Cent,uU), etc, etc.
The Century costs four dollars year, and
IL is published by The Century Co, Of New
York, who will send copy Of the full pros
nectus to any one on request.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

WHITES CREAM VERMIFUGE. Is the
,''','.H''-.' --.-s--l sr7ss-sa = : =, ~, q
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

place in its pages. 1t is the
result Of four years. work
Of Mr.. Timothy Cole, the
leading magazine engrayer
Of the world, in the galleries
Of Europe, engraving from
the originals the greatest
pictures by the old masters.
A series Of papers on Ire
land ita cnstnma. land.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
LOUISVILLE MARKET


FLOUR, MEAL AsD NILLsTuFF.
FLoUB-Round lots sell as follows: Choice
patents, Sc O0CG6 rs; plain patents, IS $4,000,
choice; t5.59tg5 Is; plain fancy. B.25; No. l.
81 TJds0O; extra family S4.JO(G4 IS ;buckwheAt
50 2JCG6 80 for Eastern; IS 50C15.75 for Western.
CoRSMEAL-Bolted, l.SO q 100 ID; kiln dried,
$50.
MILL FEED-we quote on arrival; Bran, SIS 80
shorts, $40. so; shipstufIs. SIC.
GRAIN AND HAY.
wHEAT-we quote No. wheat to arrive; Il.e1
toRT-No. 9 mixed, to arrive, s5lfc; white,
SIC; ear corn, 20 i0c.
OATs-So. 2 new oats, 21c3S;
RYE-No. rye, 56
low grades, fi0Gll
STaAw-{6 {, ton.
PROVISIONS.
BACON Clear rib sides, SO. clear sides, SJic;
shoulders, SIC
BULK MEATs-Clear rib sides. SIC;
sUGAR-CURED MEATs-Hams, l1140elIl4c fol
large 70 small average; shoulders &c; 6EeAk.
fast bacon llIDl2.
LARD-Choiee leaf. lO74;in kegs and buckets
Hlzc.
GROCERIES.
CoPPEE-Rio. ordinary. lJ(dl5I<c; prime, lG d
49, choice, II zdi3s; fancy, i9c; peaberry, lsi
golden Rio, lsc; Java, 2ltS2ic; Mocha, 2Cs9sc;
Laguayra, Is; ATbuckle's Ariosa,2 ~.
3jc New Orleans molasses, good, 25CJSoc.
RicR-5laGl zcforgoodtoprime.
sUGAR-Granulsted. 7tGTss; confectionery A.
7I+e; g. 7G; powdered, SC; cut-loaf, SIC;
New Orleans sugars, J340g6lTc
CANDLEs-star, Nos. 4 10 S, gl<CdlOc p n.
STAEcH-aAc Z. n.
sOLP-German, 81 80 q box Of 60 lbs for com
mon, $3.50 for best; ivory, tHe6.7s for rs a
boxes.
COUNTRY PRODUCE.
BUTTKR-C hoite country, 1sG20c q n; low
grades. 1912; dairy. 23td25c; Elgin cre amery
S2c; OleomArgarine, l5'glTc.
CHEEsE-Faney full cream cheidar, l91fte
he; twins, lie; Young Amer as. he
urine Ohio factory, llGl21<c; skim cheese
16g9c.
PoULTRY-Hens, 81 90 p dozen; ducks, live
81 1904 2 dozen; young-pring chickens, tl.2'
CG3.OO r dozen
EGGs-"e quote at lsc p dozen.
TAJLOw-5c q N.
BEES AX-20c II n.
BROOM CoES-5G3c for common 10 good.
GINsEEG-Choice large, SO IS.
APPLEs-sl .0eCG{2 90 per barrel.
OsIoNs-Si $50 ~ 80 per barrel,
BEARr-II. p Michigan $500 per bushel.
DRIED APPLEs-SStg5c. per ID.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
THE MARKETS.


PROVISIONS.
Butter Country, 20 to 25 cents.
CoTee-Green, = to IS cents; roasted, IS I
IS cents.
Eggs-Is25 10 20 cents.
Poultry-Hens, s. % to $50, Chickens, small
tl.50 10 LIS, large 81 to 2.2s.
Baeon-Country Hams, "A to u cts; Should
ere. M; Sides, IL; Sugar cured hams Is to |
Dried Beef, Is cents.
Lard-Choice leaf, l2lz to "a cts.
sugars-Granulated, So to 3 cts.
VEGETABLES AND FRUITS.
Potatoes-Irish, new, Tsc. per bu; swee
75e.
Apples-s2oO to $50 Darrell.
Onions-Siz5
Cabbage crate,
Beans-sOcts. gallon.
CANNED GOODS.
Tomat 'es-sis cans, 81 so dozen.
Corn-2io cans, $50.
Beans-2ib cans. {I.25.
Peas-2ib can, Sl.5n.
Oysters-Coye, 2ib can $500
In can fl.70.
Beef-2ib cans 20 to % cts.
MIscELLAEIEs SUPPLIES.
Flour-Patent, 1900. Standard IS 50.
Molasses and SyTups-35 to 20 cents. New 75c
Nuts-20 cents.
Oils-20 cents.
MoOl-3O Z"
FeAthers-i0 cents.
Seed-Clover, f4.50
Hails-S2.75.
GAAIS, ETC.
Wheat, 90 cts, Oats, 40 cents, Corn Hay
Rye.
A u
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11


Rent Of land. per are .................g IS %
Burning plant land and sowing same loo. / u
Muslin for plant bed .... .......-. 90
breaking and rebreaking land ... .... 9 ~
Narrowing land twice .---.. ...--.. 70
Laying on 10th ways ..... ...... ... ~
Drawing plant, dropping and setting
nH,nc, .-s+''..'.-' .....-..'..-'-'. ..... w
heplantlnR -......t...--- .. .......-....... ~
Scraping down and billing ............ o.
Flowing 1veiime .....-... ............ 2 90
Topping and pruning. 600. ........... .. 80
Su~kefing and worming, ........... d. 8 %
Cutting and hanging, -.-................. %
Housing and using team for same... OO
Two loads wood and hauling same, ... 20
watching fires. ................ ..... .... 70
Taking down and stripping 800 pounds 2 40
Taxing down and buiking. 90
Prizing and hauling 10 market, .....z u
hoghheads and insurance at warehouse. 3
Insurance on crop. per hOgshe6d ...... ] %
Commission on sale and sample ...... i %
Use OF barn, per acre ...................z %
Total .......................... .... $40 90
Orjustf5 per 100 pounds.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11
ssM.EsEEY SOUTH gssIV.EIAS
Is AND 20 NINTH STREET.
HOPKINSVILLE, KENTUCKY
Cheap Club Rates.

Subscribers to the sOUTH KESTUoEIAS vii
De given the benefit OF the fOllow..,y cheap Cal
rates with other papers and perioneAls; ,.
s. X. and Daily Courier journal. w @
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

by George KEENAN,, are attracting the at
tention Of the civilized world. The Chi
cago Tribune says that mo other magazine
articles printed in the English language just
now touch upon subject which so vitality
interests all thoughtful people in Europe and
America and Asia" As is already known,
copies Of The Century entering Russia have
these articles torn out by the customs officials
On the frontier.
DURING 1859
The Century will publish the most I'M
portant art feature that has yet found
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

~ Passengers should purchase Tickets via
this Limo, II is emphaticaliy the Most Attract
i've Route In the South to-day.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11


begins its thirty-seventh
volume. Two great feat
ures Of the magazine
which are TO continue
throughout the new vol
ume are already well
known to the public, the
Lincoln history and the
papers on "Siberla and
the Exile SYSTEM The
first Of these, written by
Messrs. Eicolay and Hay,
President Lincoln's pri-
vate secretaries, contains
the inside history Of the
dark days Of the war, as
seen from the White
House.
-. - =
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

Using schemes, but by the excellence which
characterizes it in every department" In
their announcements for the coming year
the publishers state that it has always been
their desire TO make The Century the one in
dispensable periodical Of its class, SO that
whatever other publication might be desira-
bic in the family, The Century could not be
neglected by those who wish to keep abreast
OF the times in all matters pertaining TO
culture. And the unprecedented circula-
ton Of the magazine would seem to be the
response Of the public to this intention.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1888-12-11

MAGNIFICENT PULLMAN BUFFET
sLEEPINg CARS RUN BETWEEN
LoUISvILLE AND NEW ORLEANS
VIA MEMPHIS WITHOUT
CHANGE.
, 1888-09-20
A Hint to Pany People.

From their arrival on this planet to
their usually early departure from it,
people OF weak constitutions and angu-
lar physiques pass sort Of half-existencs.
Like dormice they Lurrow in their home
retreats, afraid of heat, afraid OF cold,
constantly afraid that the shadow OF the
dread reaper will materialize and exact
the forfeit which he demands from ell,
sooner or later. No finer medicinal as
sursnce of comparative vigor for the
feeble exists than that afforded by Hest
teter's Stomach Bitters. Used with per-
sistence-pot with spurts and spasms-
this genial and professionally commend
ed tonic will do much toward infusipg
strength into puny system, and round
ing off scrawny angles in the human fiR
ure. Appetite, nerve tranquility and
nightly repose are encouraged by it, and
u malarial, rheumr.ic, bilious tendency
overcome. 1t re-establishes digestion
and prevents kidney trouble.
, 1888-09-20

isfed and confident of victory in No
vember
Mr.. Allen will open his campaign
at Colfax on Monday next His plan
will be to conduct an aggressive con-
test in his OWN behalf, treating his
opponent with polite Indifference
No one doubts that John B. Allen
will make a splendid impression up
on the people, His ability as a
speaker, his purity of personal char
acter, sincerity of purpose and thor
oughly gentlemanly qualities can but
commend him to the public; while
his long residence in the territory,
familiarity with its public affairs, and
his consistent, clean record on public
issues render him especially accept
able. He has hosts of personal
friends, also, who will greatly assist
him.
, 1888-09-20
The N P. Reduces the Fish Rates.

Tuesday afternoon Captain Solo :
mon Jacobs received a telegram from
the managers of the freight depart
ment of the Northern Pacific rail-
road, stating that they would ship
his nine craloads of fish in boxes or
barrels at the old rate of $I25 per
100 pounds. Captain Jacobs had no
idea of shipping his fish in boxes or
barrels, but in bulk, and he conclud-
ed to place them in refrigerator cars
in bulk and take the chances. as he
does not want to remain idle. In the
meantime he will correspond with the
Canadian Pacific people and see what
rates he can get there. Unless the
Northern Pacific people conclude to
make rates which the fishermen con-
slider fair and equitable, the fish of
Puget Sound will probably be ship
ped East over the Canadian Pacific.
Post -IntelliQencer.
, 1888-09-20
GUATEMALA REJEcrs A TREATY.

City of Mexico. Sept. 15.-Tele-
grams state that the Guatemala con-
gress, August %, rejected the treaty
with Mexico establishing a mixed
commission to look into the claims
of citizens of the two republics.
CIVIL WAR IN SAMOA
London, Sept. 15.-Advices from
Samoa say the natives have rebelled
on account of an attempt made by
Herr Branders, German official, to
induce them to confer the name of
Malietoa upon Tamasese. Branders.
at the head of u force of Samoans
who favor the pretentions of Tama>
sese, had an encounter with the reb-
els. Seven of his force were killed
The rebels lost three. Brander's
force numbers 400, the rebels 1000
The deposition of Tamasese is inevi-
table unless the Germans lend him
active support.
THE WORK OF COAST sTRvFYs.
San Francisco, Sept IL Prof.
Davidson, of the Coast and Geode-
tic survey answering a que. ton as
to the probable work on the north
western coast, says everything de
pends on the fate of the sundry civil
service bill. The survey office will
be guided entirely by the appro
priation, though considerable work
remains to be done in and about the
Columbia river. The work at Gray's
harbor is finished.
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC MAY NOT ENTER
MANITOBA.
Chicago, Sept. IA sensation
will be created in railway cir
cles by the forthcoming legal pro-
ceedings which may prevent the
Northern Pacific from realizing It's
cherished scheme of entering Mani
toba- A year ago the Dominion gov,
ernment entered into a contract
whereby the Manitoba Central rail
way was to have sole lease of the
Red River Valley railroad. The con-
tract was given to a trustee, DR. Nc
Arthur, of Winnipeg, representing
tine corporation. The contract specs
fed that Manitoba Central was to
have prior claim over all other cor
porations, and that should the con-
tract be disallowed and disallowance
practically or tacitly annullsd by
any future act of the dominion gov
ernment, the Manitoba Centrars
rights were to be- recognized in pri-
ority, its contract to be remade or
considered valid. Under tie terms
of the agreement the Manitoba Gem
tral is now prepared to enforce its
claim and will institute proceedings
at once. 1t was learned to-day at
the Northern Pacific's headquarters
that solicitor Mcknight had already
prepared papers, setting forth the
Manitoba CentraPs grounds of COM
plant.
, 1888-09-20

Congressman Springer's bill. Mr.
Voorhees, had nothing whatever to
do with it. The river and harbor
bill. in so far as it provides for SUR
veys and estimates for improvement
of the upper Columbia river. is the
result OF Dolph and AIitchelrs labors,
yet it also is paraded among Voor-
hees' assets. A more impudent at
tempt to strut in borrowed feathers
We never witnessed.
The foregoing are but few SAM
pies. We might prolong the list,
but cite these items to indicate the
character of the blnster campaign
just opened. Mr. Voorhees, has been
Il fairly active delegate, but there are
several gentlemen in the Territory
who could have done more.
, 1888-09-20
The Work Of the Convention.

For the past few weeks it has been
apparent to everyone well acquainted
with the territorial situation that
Hon. John B. Allen was the choice
of the republicans by an overwhel-
ming majority, and that the proper
thing for the territorial convention
of that party to do would be to nom
inato Mr.. Allen. His popularity
within the party became more and
more apparent when the convention
delegates met at Ellensburg. He
was the first choice of 157 delegates,
and the second choice CT about so
more. Or course he was triumphant
ly nominated on the first ballot.
Had there been another ballot taken
he would have received over 200
votes in the convention, out of 243.
The best of feeling prevailed. and
other candidates whose names are
considered were treated with such
courtesy and good feeling that they
were all we'll pleased.
After the nomination had been
made there was a manifest and most
unanimous feeling that the very best
possible thing had been done. At
the evening session, after the work
of the convention had been compile
ted, MIR. Allen appeared in the hall,
and loud calls were echoed and re-
echoed for him until he appeared on
the stage, when he was rendered q
genuine ovation, and stood bowling
his thanks for several minutes be-
fore order could be restored Mr..
Alien Is a tall, spare man, with q
youthful, smooth face, an intellectual
forehead. and the general appear
ance of dignifed, cultured GENTLE
man. HIS manner of speaking is
graceful and scholarly. full of mag
netic fire, poetic and fowsry, replete
with all the ornate graces of the sue
cessful speaker. To say that the
vast audience in the convention hall
was captivated by the ringing speech
but family expresses the fact. Its
leading thoughts were grandly iR-
spring, taking within their compre
hensive scope enough of the history
of the republican party to arouse the
pride of everyone present. At its
close the enthusiastic cheering that
followed prevented either business or
speaking for several minutes. 9th
ers were called out, including Hon.
Geo. Turner, Col. j. G. Haines and
Jao. L. Wilson. Aregular love feast
ensued. Everybody went home sat
, 1888-09-20
Party Positions.

The republican, territorial platform,
which we publish this morning, is
remarkable fer what it onits as well
as for its positive declarations. On
the national issue, the protective tar
if question, it is clear and ringing in
its utterances. In so far as the na-
tional issue affects the leading pro-
ducts of this Territory the platform
is particularly emphatic If 1t fails
to meet with the hearty endorsement
of the public, then the world may as
well conclude that our people are in-
different to their industrial welfare
On the question of statehood the ad-
ministratiOn is arraigned in unmis-
taxable terms. Mr.. Voorhees, was
twice sent to congress in the belief
that his distinguished father would
aid our aspirations, and in the vain
hope that he. being in accord with
the democratic mojority in the lower
House OF Congress, wonld be better
able to forward our admission bill
than a republican delegate would.
But all this alluring delusion Las
been dissipated like the mists Of a
summer morning-and the toiling
masses Of the Territory, ever anxious
for emancipation from their condi-
tion OF serfdom, ever patient under
delay and injustice, have been awak-
ened to a realization that they were
victims OF shameless deception.
The loud bluster and vehement
promises of young Voorhees,, made
for the purpose of gaining elections
to congress, have been simmered
down to actual results, and have
proven by analysis to be nine parts
wind and the rest immaculated es.
sence of gall We do not charge
that when Mr.. Voorhees, first made
these promises he did so without ex-
pectation of being able to fulfill
them His ogotism probably led him
to expect grand things. But the at
titude OF the national democratic
party towards Washington Territory
on the statehood question has been
simply an insurmountable barrier to
our advancement-and it is Just as
apparent to~day as it was four years
ago that we will be powerless to se-
cure state government until the
republican party gets able to give it
to US. Sill, voters were duped into
supporting Chas. S. Voorhees, on this
issue. That he will be able to de-
ceive them upon it third time seems
hardly credible.
The republican platform has ig-
nored side issues completsly-issues
upon which the party itself is locally
divided. We believe such course
to be wise one. The party is going
in for an old time victory. Republi>
canism, pure and simple, is the first,
great, oyershadowlng consideration.
Side issues, that distract and divide
are left for future solution.