The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1888-09-01

more 10 secure reasonable TRACES for me labor.
tnp men than all the tariff td,cs that erer weye
passed IN this ,corld. Loud applause. There
Is another reason why American laborers
receive more wages, and that is the i'm
mensc area Of uncultivated territory in the
United States, the effect OF which is to
FREQ the laborers Of that dependence which
may exist in other countries where land
is very dear, that dependence upon the
manufacturing or capitalistic class for
work In this country. A man can get land
to labor upon to support himself and his
family by simply asking 1t of the general
Government and settling upon 1t and re-
naming upon II a given length OF time.
Theconsequence IL that with these ad
vantagos no man need be dependent upon
tho good will Of any monopolst in the
world, and that gives our laboring men an
independence which Is not seen elsewhere
on the globe, and enables them therefore
to demand and receive somewhat higher
wages than laborcrs receive elsewhere.
Then there Is the fact of our free institu-
tions and there is the fact of the pride that
every man in this country, be he laboring
man or not, feels in the consciousness that
he Is an American citizen; that he helps to
govern this country, and makes people
govern 1t as far as possible for his benefit.
i've on this point and shows that high
protective tariff does not increase the
wages of the laboring men. 1t is conclus-
lively shown by the fact that laborers in
unprotected industries are as well paid as
those in the so-called protected industries.
How many laborers are there in what are
called protected industries, that is engaged
in manufacturing articles, which when they
are brought from abroad are charged with
tariff tax, and how many laborers are
there in the United States whose interests
are in no wise protected by any such things,
and can notin the nature of things be pro-
tected by any such meansl 1t has been
estimated that there are 100000 or 800, 600
laborers, including women and children, in
the protected industries, but we will put
the figure Mt 1000, 900. There are eight
times as many other laborers whose inter-
ests and occupations are in nowise pro-
tected by the tariff. Therefore, If the pro-
lection is for the benefit of the laboring
mon, the wages of this million engaged in
the protected industries ought to be higher
than those of the men employed in nom
protected industries. In round numbers
the laborers in the unprotected industries
receive as high wages as those in the pro-
tected Industries. l don't know what the
wages of farm hands are in Michigan. In
my State they receive about one dollar q
day, and you see in the State of Massa-
chusetts, according to the returns of her
own board Of industry, the average wages
is 81. 04 day in manufacturing industries.
So there is no difference worth talking
about between the wages the one receives
and the wages the other receives. They
are both substantially the same. Looking
at the improved condition and comforts,
tha o1avotion pf thu n N Ifnrnl
hand in the State of Ohio, it will be seen
that he receives quite as good wages as
the laborer in any protected industry in
the country.
EFFECT tPoN THE FARMER.
My friends, nothing is more common
for those men appeal to everybody-than
to hear protectionist orator say that pro-
lection has benefited the farmer. How
can it be of benefit to a farmerl 1 have
never been able to find out. Let US test it
by little experience this country has had
We had low tariff from 1916 up to the
breaking out of the war in 1861. 1t was
called the Walker tariff. I remember it
very we'll, for l was in the House of Repre-
sentatives at that time and voted for it.
From 1850 to 1S6O while that tariff was in
force, the farm lands Of the United States,
according to the census reports, Increased
in value 103 per cent Then came the high
tariff of 1861 or 1862, whichever it was, and
from 1860 to 1870, another period of ten
years, the increase in the value of the
farms of the United States was only 40 per
cent. Under the low tariff the increase in
value had been 103 per cent. in ten years.
Unoer the high tariff it was only 40 per
cent. But it may be said that that includes
the war period and does not make a fair
comparison. l have here a statement of
how it was in this goodly State of Michigan.
From 1850 to 1850, under the lowtariff Pc
riod, the value of the farms in Michigan
increased gil per cent. From 1860 to 1870,
under high tariff, they increased las per
cent; but that includes the time OF war;
From 1870 to 1880, in q time of profound
peace and under the highest tariff this
country has ever known, the value of the
farms in Michigan increased only 25h
per cent. They increased under Walkers
tariff, which has been denounced so much
since as free-trade tariff, they increased
from 1850 to 1860 2l1 per cent, and some Of
you will remember that under the Walker
tariff we had great war-the war with
Mexico. Had values continued to increase
from 1860 to 1880 as they did under the low
tariff period-1S5O to 1S6O-the farm values
in Michigan would have been Il, ,047, ,000, 900
in $780, instead of being, as they were by
the census of 1880, only S499, 1000. Or
take farm implements. From 1850 to 1860
the value of farm implements had in
creased at the rate OF 1917 per cent. In
1880 the increase was only Al per cent. If
they had increased in the same ratio under
the high tariff as they did under the low
they would have been 500, SOC, 900 instead of
sl9, SOC, OOO. You will see by these figures that
it is quite impossible that this high tariff
can be Of advantage to the agricultural
community. But, my friends, must draw
my remarks to close. My voice is weak
to-day. don't know why it is so, but it
is Besides, it Is time that l was giving
way to gentlemen who are to follow me, to
give them a fair opportunity to present
their opinions. I want to call your atten-
tlon, though, to one thing. have spoken
of the surplus revenue that lies useless in
the vaults Of the Treasury, and now want
to read to you what Senator John Sherman,
who was Secretary Of the Treasury for
four years under Hayes. said about this
matter ns late us the 9TH day of last month,
in speech before tho Chamber OF Com
merce in Cincinnati I am sure no
one will charge John Sherman with
being Democrat No one will
charge him with wanting to destroy
American industries. He said: II would
like to talk to you, men of business, to-day
on the matter of the great surplus OF
money in the United States Treasury
That affects you materially We would
prefer to have it than deficiency. Tho
Government Of the United States has this
surplus now, and it seems as though some
people were trying to get rid Of it. / do
not alludo to politics Every man Of sense
knows that the Government should not
collect more money than is actually needed
N ifa hn sinnaa 1x,ifh nlnaa