davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1888-12-13
Resignation Of Bank Examiner
Richards.

The following has been sent 10 thu
Governor and Council
PORTLAsD. De. =, 1888.
10 Ae Honorable Goreri,or a,d LJecDtU,
Coaaei ofthe STATE If MIN
Having completed the work u the official
year and finished my annual repen. Which has
been sent To you, and having also associated
myself in the management Of lafRe banking
institution, am obliged as na1tter u neccss-
i,y TO give my whole personal attention ~ 'hc
interests or thA corporation.
hereby resign the Office II EaBa EsunMrr,
the resignation 10 take cheei 1naf-das. be,cm-
Der, the 18th instant.
Nrry respectfully,
N.Yr gtfIf.f.f. s. -f.55f.f
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1888-12-13
.Sfa0e Connections.

At Norri,lgewock from No. Arson for skow-
hevan; Ut Norridgewock from Oakland Tor
Mercer; at Arson Tor sawyer's Mills, ,stnrksl.
at No Arson for Solon, Bingham; r"fks , moosf
Flagstaff aud Eusts. vrp 80,
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1888-12-13

- .Flag station; at which trains Will stop
on signal or notice to Conductor
The Passenger Train leaving 10. Ahsoh Nv
q IN 4. NJ, connects at Oakland with Trains Tor
Rostnn. Portland aud Lewiston, also for water,
Vile, Augusta, Gardiner. Skowhega ma
Bangor. The Passenger Train irhvr uIh,
Rosiou. Portland and Lewiston, also Gardiner
Augusta aud Waterville. =
The Mixed Train leaving Oakland at low con
meets with Passenger Trains from r"r'l',iu
ia A. NJ, Lewiston, 8 25, Bangor, 1l9, ana
Wntcryille, 9.15. The Mixed Train leaving No
Arson at 2 O0 =. NJ, connects with Passengr
Train for Watetyille and Bangor, also VIII
Pullman Train for Augusta, Portland and Bos
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1888-12-13
Democratic Doctors Disagree

While the postmaster general and the
president claim that the postal service has
been improved. the New York World
Democratic. saws
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1888-12-13
Somerset Railway,
CHANGE OF TIME.
Commencing Monday Oct. l 1888

Trains will run as follows, connecting at OAK
laud with Maine Central Railroad:
For Boston, Portland, Lewiston, Mhte'Nlhe
~ Aupusta and Bangor.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
What the War Cost in Labor.

1t may be assumed as a minimum the
cost of suppressing the rebellion was SS,-
600, 100000. II was therefore, 81, ,135 ,o00,.
Oo0 year for seven years. Il has been
held that the maximum product of each
person occupied for gain in 1880 could
not have exceeded $500 worth; labor and
capital were at least one-third more eff
fective during and since the year 1880
than during the period of the war and re-
construction. If then we value one man 8
labor from 1861 to 1868 inclusive at $500
year, the work of war required the un.
remitting LABOR of 2,270,000 men for
seven years, either in two armies or in
sustaining them. At $400 each, an esti-
mate probably nearer to the mark at that
time, the measure would be the constant
work OF 1887, 500 men each year for
seven years. The average population of
that period was 35, 100000, OF whom not
over one in five could be considered an
able bodied man of arms bearing age.
The cost of liberty, therefore, consisted
in actual arduous work at the rick of life
for seven years, of one man of arms-bea
ing age IN every three.-Edward Atkinson
in the October Forum.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
LincOln's Military Study.

In the following from the October in
stalment of Llncola's life in the Century
the fact is brought out that Lincoln was
serious student of military matters,
even from technical point of view. "All
mis- McClellau's demands were com-
piled with to the tull extent of the power
of the government. Not only in ma
terial, but in u moral sense as well, the
president gave him everything he could.
In addition to that II lightly army, he gave
him his fullest confidence and support.
All through the autumn he stood by him,
urging him in private to lose o tim :,
ou. defending him in public against the
popular impatience, and when winter
came on and the voice of congress, near
ly unanimous in demanding active op
pcrations, added its authoritative tones
to the ciamor of the country, the presi,
dent endangered his own popularity by
insisting that the general should be al
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
The Shoe q Triumnh.

The leather for shoemaking is pressed
carefully, sorted, and when the practice
OF sorting leather was introduced. the
men WHO did the work received extraya-
CANT wages, often being paid $50 to $50 a
week, cut now such is the competition in
this as I'D every other line OF business,
the sorter makes no more than fair
days wages. After being sorted, the
leather goes to the cutter, and as MANY
as twenty pieces must be cut for the
uppers of the best qrality of ladies' shoes
These pieces are sewed together by girls
on machines, and from this point on,
the work is. or may be done by machinery.
The only process which holds out as hand
work was until recently, the lasting.
Lasts change with fashions, aid no met-
ter how small the change in the fashion.
1t Is accompanied by an entire change of
lasts, and lasts are expensive, as mann
facturers ascertain to their cost. Until
the present century shoes for both feet
were made alike, there were no rights
and lefts, end consequently lasting was a
very simple business; but after the intro
duction of rights and lefts in shoes of
course the last had to be made to CORES
pond, AMI now a shoe factory is com
PEELED TO keep several hundred lasts as a
part of its stock in trade. The sole of n
shoe is made separately, and is nodded
into shape by pressure of several tons
to the square inch, and until recently, was
fastened to the uppers by the laster, but
not many years ago a machine was in
vented which sewed the soles to the nm
pers, and as a rule the entire shoe il now
made by machinery.
In pair of fine snoes there ars two
rltA
ers, two pieces of steel to give a aspiring to
the insteP, two rands, twelve heel pieces,
two sole Innings, twenty upper pieces,
| thirty tacks, twelve nails in the heels and
twenty buttons, to say nothing of thread
both silk and fax; but the wonder ia
fousd in the rapidity with which these
multitudinous pieces are combined in a
single work, as an experiment, eastern
shoe factories have from the leather
completed pair of shoes in less than an
hour and half, and as test a single
pair of mems shoes have been finished in
| twenty minutes.
The shoe is, therefore, a trIumph of
human intelligence, for every step in It's
manufacture involves the em ployment of
machines which does the work of mems
hands. Besides Others, there are crimp-
| ing machines, machines which make pegs
and drive them in at a single operation,
screw mailing machines, which from
piece of wire on roller makes a screw
and drives it to it place through tha
thickest leather, rolling machines, sole
leather separating machines, stripping
machines, sole cutting machines, sewing
machines of dozen different kinds, sand
Papering machines, sole sewing mschines
molding machines, beating out machines,
heel Furnishing machines, edge setting
and edge trimming machines which
fasten the soles to the uppers, machines
which make the eyelets and machines
which sew on the buttons.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
Money Made in Watches
ST. Louis Globe.Demncrat.

81. LOUIS ultDe-DtlnDtTH.
A st. Louis jeweler, now retired / rom
trade, says: There is more profit in the
repairing department of watch making
than there is in any other trade in the
country, unle,s, possibly, il is plumbing.
Take, for instance, the main spring of a
watch. TIE general price for repairing
one is anywhere from $3.50 to 81. Now,
a ain-spring to a isweler costs little
more, all told and sst, than twenty five
cents. Then there is the extravagant
price that is always demanded for clean
ing watch. Few jewellers ever charge
less than Sl.50 for such work. The time
usually taken in doing this class of work
is not more than from half to three quar-
ters of an hour. The main.spring itself
costs on an average about eight cents.
Then there is an enormous profit on
watch crystals. The standard price for
them is twenty five cents each. The
jeweler buys them by the gross Cr in less
er quantities for twenty cents per dozen.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
Retreat of Niagara Falls.
Scribner's Magazine.

Although the retreat of the fall is slow,
it will in very brief time, in the geo
logical sense of that word, lead to certain
momentous consequences. When the
hard layer of Niagara limestone passes
below the bed of the river, the stream will
then cut upon rocks of another constitu-
ton, making for time certain small
falls at higher geological level; but in
the course of ages, much less long than
those which have elapsed since tho birth
of this waterfall, che gorge of the river
will extend up into the basin of Lake
Erie, draining away considerable por-
tion of that fresh water sea.
We shall then, if the continent retains
its present height above the level of the
sea, have another system of catsracts in
the passage between Lake Erie and Lake
Huron, which will also in time be worn
away. Other cataracts will then form ar
the exit of Lake Michigan; AID thus the
lower lakes of our great American sys.
t. m would be diminished in area, or per
haps even disappear. At yet later
stage, we may look for diminution in the
size OF Lake Superior. though that basin,
owing to the strong wall which separates
it from the lower lakes, is destined to en-
dure long after the last named basins
have been diminished or entirely drained
away.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
A Test ofClairvOyance.

Ii. G. Moulton, dong business in Bos-
ton, Mass, recently had an experience in
Ciairvoyance which, as reported in the
Globe, gave him an inkling there ls some
thing more in it than he had hitherto
supposed. frequently of late, observes
the Banner OF Light, he has missed goods
and occasionally small sum of money,
and fortnight since a considerable sum
was taken from the pocket OF his vest in
a closet. He mentioned this to young
lady in his employ.
A few years ago the young lady's
mother lost small sums of money, which
| she found from information given her by
a claIrvoyant medium, and she felt that
she could, by the same means, be of as
sistance to Mr.. Moulton. She obtained a
lock of his hair and made call on the
medium. After informing her of what
she wanted, the medium passed under
control of an Indian spirit, who fully
described the store and the persons EN-
ployed in it, also two boys-one of whom
was employ ed there, the other not, as the
guilty one.
Ths next day Mr.. Moulton was told what
the medium had said. He was rather
| skeptical of there being any truth in it,
| buf finally had the boys arrested by an
officer, who in a quiet talk with them,
obtained full confession OF guilt, and
il proved that tIs one who had comlnit
| ted the theft-the other being slightly
| mplicated-had been pilfering for g
long time, and had put S120 in the saw
| ings bank. The Globe reports the younl
lady as saying that the medium told ths
exact amount of money that was missing
| and gave the denomination of the
bills
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
A Woman s Success at Sugar Raising.

Receiving Mrs. Amanda Deimas as
member OF the Louisiana Sugar Planters
association il, on the part of that organi-
cation, an instance of the ready recog-
milton afforded women. Mrs. Delmas is
a souiherner aud Creole, owning rich
sugar farm directly opposite Patterson
vile, in the Teche country. She ia said
to have enjoyed in her youth all the
traditional luxurious ease aud iudolenoe
in which the daughters of Louisiana plan
ters were treated, and until the past few
years was dependent on Others for cuun
sci and support. few years ago, how
ever, circumstances changed, throwing
the responsibility of alarge plantation
directly on her haads. As in many other
cases, necessity and opportunity develop
ed capabilities. Mrs. Dslmas took hold
of her affairs, studying farming as pro-
fession until the whole complicated sys.
tenn of raising cane and Transforming il
intoa marketable commodity was master
ed and applied. Today she commar DIS
the admiring regard of every planter in
her neighborhood, proprietors and
managers alike extolling her judgment
and p.ogres sive methods of cult yating
her crops. Those who know her best
say Mrs, Delmas trusts little to hired as
sistants. Every morning she rides
through the length and breadth of her
estate and on horseback, protected by n
big sunshade, supervises personally field
work IA carried on by the several gangs
employed.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03

lowed to take his own time for an ad-
vance. In the latter part of Dsce mber,
Mcclellan, as already stated, fell serious
ly i'll, and enforced paralysis of the army
that resulted from this illness and lasted
several weeks, added a keener edge TO the
public anxiety. The president painfully
appreciated how much of justice there
was in the general criticism, which he
was doing all he could to allay. He gave
himself night and day to the military
situation. He read large number of
stratigetical works. He pored over the
reports from the various departments and
districts of the field of war. He held
long conferences with eminent generals
and admirals, and astonished them by the
extent OF his special knowledge and the
keen intelligence of his questions. He
at last convinced himself that there was
no necessity for any further delay, shat
the army of the Potomac was as nearly
ready as it ever would ba to take the field
against the enemy; aud feeling that he
,ouid not wait any longer, on the 10th of
January, after calling at General Nc
Clellan's house and learning that the
general was unable to see him he sent for
Generals Mcdowell aid franklin, wishing
to take counsel with them in regard to
the possibility o. beginning active opera.
tions with the army before Washington.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
sTRATEGIsTs OF THE CIVIL WAR.
An English Soldiers Comment Upon American
Generals.

Fortnightly Review.
In the war between the Northern and
Southern States of America both armies
were composed of great masses of newly
raised levies. Heaven born genius, un-
allied with military education and know
ledge, had therefore the best chance of
making itself felt and of coming to the
front. Yet what is the lesson the history
of tha. war teaches uss All those whose
names will be ever remembered IN CON
nection with it by the English speaking
race throughout the world were educated
soldiers. Lee and GRAFT, Stonewail Jack
son, Sherman, Mcclellan, Sheridan,
Longstreet, Johnston, Hill and a host of
othere, whose names are end will long be
household words in their own States, we're
all graduates of West Point, that most
excellent of military colleges.
One of the greatest men of that excited
and memorable time was Abraham Lin
coin, a shrswd, clear headed man of busi-
ness. of every great natural ability and
qnick apprehension, possessing, too, a
keen insight into human character and
endowed with splendid patriotism. All
the best qualities he possessed are indis-
pensable to the general, hut he knew
nothing OF war or of the soldiers science.
Can his most ardent admirer imagine for
one moment that, had he been pitch
forked into the command of any of the
northern armies, he would have succeed
ed! Can it be supposed for a moment
that our greatest of artists, instinct
though he was with artistic genius from
his birth, could ever have produced any
great picture had chance made him in
early life vicar or n doctors 1t cannot
be too forcibly impressed upon all who
aspire to high military positions, that no
amount OF Unborn genius, unless accom-
panied by deep and though tful study
can ever secure them success.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
CENTENARIAyS.

A Scientists Report on Their Physical Pccul-
iarities.
Prof. Humphrey Of England last year
reported to the British Medical Assecia-
tion the results of careful investigation
he had made into the cases of sixty-six
centenarians, says the New York Sun.
Beiefiy summarized, his conclusions are
thus:
"about one half were OF small or me-
dunn stature and a square habit of body,
and only nine were fat, of whom eight
were women. In about half the figure
wes erect and in the other half it was
bent. Thirty were moderate, eleven
small and twelve large eaters. More
than four- fifths had retained one or more
of the qualities of voice indicative of
vigor and soundness of the chest organs,
viz: strength, clearness and loudness,
only seven having the voice feeble.
"About one-half retained good hear
ing, and the greet majority good sight;
about one-half were without teeth, and
many Others had only two or three left
though there are several instances of the
retention of full set Of teeth beyond
100.
"Nearly ell had good appetite and
good digestion, some of them declaring
that they had never known what it was
to have a stomach The majority had
had no disease or illness in their lives,
and those SO afflicted had a striking pow
| er of recovery and repair from disease or
accident.
"There was in the majority total ab
sence of any evidence of rheumatic or
gouty affection, past or present, in the
joints or fingers, condition which Is
often prorhylactio against other more
serious maladies. It seems that the frame
which is destined to great age needs no
such prophylactic, and engenders none of
the percant humors for which the finger
joints may afford vent.
"Au of them, with five exceptions only,
we're either total abstainers or moderate
consumers Of alcoholic drinks. The ex-
ce ptions were men from 100 to 105 years,
and they included besides, three free
beer drinkers, one Irish farmer who 'often
drank to excess and another who drank
like a fish during his whole lifetime
"Nearly all of them had been good
sleepers, none bad, though few described
| themselves as moderate or average. 1t
was early to bed and early to rise with
| them, their average time In bed being a
little over eight hours. Physical activity
| and an out. door life were the charac-
teristics of the great majority. Four
were in 'affiuent' circumstance, "a com
Portable, and 20 poor. The memory vas
good in the great majority of them, and
their dispositions placid, though 8 were
irritable IL energetic 8 placid and
energetic and 8 irritable and energetic
Out of % men there was only bachelor,
but of the 43 women, II we're spinsters."
It appears, then, that of these centen-
arians examined by Prof. Humphrey,
| there were 43 women to % men. We find
| also that all of the annuitants of the
Scottish Widows Fund who died during
the last ten, years at over 80 were women,
and the greatest age recorded II the Life
Association of Scotland during the same
nertpd was a wounau of nnarly "a
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
Agility Of Salmon.
Globe Democrat


The gamey qualities OF the salmon
causing him to rate 80 high with the fly
isherman are his strength and activity.
One writer says: "The salmon and sword
fish are the fastest swimmers of all fork ed
tail fishes" Another puts his speed at
thirty miles an hour. When ascending
streams he averages from fifteen to TWEEN
to-fve miles day, leaping water falls
twelve feet high in his advance. 1t used
to be thought the ish made their big
jumps by bending double and suddenly
strengthening out, the resistance of the
tail against the water sending him for
ward. But now it is known he takes a
short, sharp run before his jump. If the
water at the bottom of fall is not deep
enough to permit this he cannot jump,
and leaves the river altogether, as nature
leads them to the head waters always to
spawn. So fish ladders and fish ways
have been constructed in some rivers
otherwise impossible to them.
AS soon rs salmon get into fresh water
in the rivers from the sea they have a
frolic, jumping and splashing in all di-
rections. Then again they will roll
lazily around on the surface of the water.
But when hooked everything of the ap-
pearance of laziness vanishes, and TWEEN
ty Ave pound salmon at the end of line
will give man a battle royal.
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
IN BONDAGE.
CENTURY.

You weep, my Lii, above the page
That tells the "ancient wrongs"
or captives' tears and tyrants' rage,
And weak oppressed by strong.
Your poet knows sterner thrall,
A harder yoke he sings
The bondage of the very small,
The tyranny of things.
And truly ours is hardest fate,
Our lot more hopeless far,
We scarcely feel our lost estate,
Or know what slaves we are.
Slaves to life's thousand small demands,
Its toll, its fret, its care;
Slaves to our homes, our goods, our lands,
Slaves TO the clothes we wear.
Slaves to the cherished things we fold
~ careful closets shut.
tn plate we store, the books we hold,
Loo choice to read-or cutl
Slaves-ah, TO what host OF thingsl
Poor Gulliyers would quake
Beneath web OF threads and strings
We know not how TO break!
Give place, o "Tamerlane the Great
TeSostris, Ptolemyl
I sing the bond TO whose hard weight
Your chains were liberty.
The Yoke more strict than despot's thrall,
More stern than rule of kings
The hardest tyranny of all,
The tyranny of things!
The Sully County watchman. (Clifton, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1894, 1888-11-03
FATHER AND MOTHER.
Two Noble Words That Should Be Oftener
Used.

Worcester Spy
I~o or the most beautiful, dignified and
noble words In the English language seem
to befalllng into disuse. They are father
and mother. They are used always by
Catholics In reference to their priests
and superiors of their nunneries; but in
home life they are being sup planted by
all kinds of baby words. It is well
enough for children who are Just learning
to talk to have some pet names for their
parents, and one does not object to the
sffectioHate use of "mamsy," NANNY"
and such words in private; but even in
mouths of little children there is no word
more loving and precious than ''mother."
Now 1t Is common for grown men and
womeu who are themselves mothers and
perhaps elderly, to habitually speak of
their "pahpah" and mahmah' accenting
strongly the first syllable of words. These
ugly terms are less prim and convention
al than the papa" and mamma" which
many other women prefer but they are
not pleasing to tie ear. "Pa and MAJ
"paw and maw," poppy and monmy,"
are among the tancies of other adults;
and one neara these names till one longs
for the good old words, father and moth
er. Imagine the commandment revised
to "Thou shalt honor thy pahpah and NAH
mah,' or the fine Did hymns changed to
Papa of me and all mankind" or "Pah-
pan, IN thy mysterious presence keeling"
Think of Mahmah IN Israel; or of
necessity being the Mahmah OF invention;
or of speaking your mama-tongue, being
gifted with mama wit, or loving your pa
pa land. Let children have father and
mother, aud let no household be de-
prived of these strong and tender names.