Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1888-05-29
DEP WATER.
The Sa;efsass al 8 AXE Req1lrs Tha1
shs Wnk ehaald b. USdsr.zksa
seriously aHd Hi;hcEs Delay.
| IL 0sy.rnmsut Aid IL Nor Fcrtacsming Pri-
/ vxts Cspasxi should CUme 20 the
Reseue-Tim5ly susE. saons

vnt9 OopaSai enoUio Cume 20 the
Reseue-Zimaiy Suggestions
10 the Editor Of the Gazette.
In the VARIOUS articles that from time
70 time have appeared In TIE GAZETTE
and other papers, mucn has been said
about the necessity Of deep water har-
Dor ct some point on the Texas gulf COST.
Sabine, Galveston, Brrz's, Arkansas and
Corpus Christi passes have enthusiastic
advocates, each Of which claim the place
Of their choice is the best point ct which
to obtain deep water aud also supply the
needs Of commerce.
But little has been said, however, as to
the mode of obtaining the twenty or more
feet of water necessary, or the cost OF
doing the same, and this In the face OF
the palpable failure Of the present method
in vogue.
In bis remarks on "Jatties FOR Improv-
ing Estuaries," Professor L. N. Haupt
says:
.For centuries the efforts Of engineers
have been directed towards reducing the
heights Of the bars which obstruct the
entrances to hsrbors or rivers on alluVial
coasts. They have attempted to
apply the concentrated ebb stream to .
limited portion Of the bar BY means of
| ietries reaching at times above high
water, In other cases to half tide, and
ag.in being entirely or partially sub.
merged. As the resources OF the profess
sion appear to be limited to euch con-
ssructions, aided By dredging, and IS the
practice seems to be to follow the prsce-
dsnts furnished by experience, it will be
Instructive to note the results of these
sructures upon the entrances where
deeper water is desired. gssS..sss
When 30 large m amount ladnvolved
although 1t Is smsli as q msssEe OF TIA
interests at stake) We should s1Rscs5o
6nd q reasonable amount OF confidence as
to the results to be obtained:
In the application OF the jetty system
to the allu7ial bsrbors OF the Atlantic and
G ulf coast, an EFFORT has been inside to
compromise the on6'cting requirements
OF FREE INGREss TO FLOOD
and concentration of ebb by building sub
merged structures Of brush mattresses
. with rip-rsp covering. These issties
suosided rapidly, and In some instances
j snrank over 80 per cent. OF their origlaH
, volume, making them cost more tnal
,. stone. Their effect 10 an incomplete a5kt'
Ess been to push the bar seward endE!
s. Induce q scour along their edges, requir-
! ing protection by spur dykes without q
. the same time materially increasing tn
8 depth over the bar.
= For the ports On the gulf, the question
4 Is one of vial importance. The state
D Texas alone embraces 2s7,504 squar
]. miles, yet the best hsrbor, which Is foun
!, st Galveston, has but thirteen feet
: water, and meeu rise Of tide OF i fee!
Q Whatever plan gives greatest prom
. lee of successful issue should he the on
o spilled, and i. must be bassd upo
knowledge of the resultan
forces operating at that entrance as II
% vsaled by 9 comparative study OF II
s physical hydfoersphy.
-, For example, the report on Pass Cav
y sllo says: "I.s history, like that CT othe
+. entrances on this coast, showed stead
! deterioration as 3 harbor, and constar
,e shifting Of the channel to the south
= west" Yet the ietty is built on the sss'
70 side OF the channel, where 1t Will catc
N The sand and drop 1t in the channel an
,. fill 1t up, IS surely as snow fence place
g to le ward OF cut will aid in filing Ii
10 cut. It thus requires more work OF II
Nc ebo, which must carry this sand out
~ the gulf beyond the end OF the lefty, an
IN thus extend the oar rapidly in that diret
te ton. q
N the coast, shows constant movement
as its channel to the south, with progressi'
I'D anil nf
o gulf bar" E''imate. $1,000, 1922
- Quilt to catch sand a.
~ obstruc. the natural channel. Again
no Brszos, where the estimsted improv
NC ~, msn!s we're to cost 1925. 900, "approv
Nd was given to 80 much Of the project
~ covered the south jatty," slthougn st
hsrbor within WAS obstructed direct
~ across the mouth Of the pass by bar
s the usual curved FORM" etc. The e
~ gineer in charge has recently report
- with reference to this entrance, that st
,er work already done has disappeared wit
"a out having any effect on the bsr"
NJ Sabine Pass, estimated to cost S3, go
,ts 80, the west jstsy was built frst sDd ma
hs q shosl ON its east side, and in 1885
~. crest Of the bar had oeen moved seswo
-. 1900 feet, and it is said SIT is impossil
Is. 20 decide 50 to the amount OF infuer
nj the work done has had upon the depth
w, water across the bar" And 80 ct G.
,an weston; the came experience Is repea,
M snd the same comments nay be made
o,a 70 effects produced.
&c &c How can these defects be remedi'
"a and better results obtained2 PrSfes!
H.upt says:
"Eviden'ly to bsIricsde the sand by
~, breekwnter Of q concave, curved form,
ny as to dscompose the 4 nod and precipit!
IT, its burden OF sand outside the cham
ort and having straight inshore dank TO
&c the food in cuttings beech channel ,sho
rao deep and direct between the bar and
M shore, not By parallel or convergent j
en ties, but By single line OF works hsvi
. o q total length Of less than half that p
n e posed for the high je.ties, costing /
M than half the amounts and produc
=, much greater effects IN removing tn
distractions tc commerce. Thus nat
.n will be sided in her efforts to Guild up
dar island or middle ground with chan
on either hand a1d leeway for all cor