Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1888-10-20

nals
The revenue tariff periods of our history have
dustrial decadence want and poverty among the
people, private enterprises checked, and public
works retarded. From 1888 to ls4s, under the low
at a stand STILL and our merchants and traders
were bankrupted, our industries were paralyzed,
our labor remained idle, and our capital was
kets. destroyed domestic competition, and as In
variably follows, the prices of commodities to
consumers We're appreciably raised 1t
panic an this country h sspersn 1es
has been preceded by enormous importations.
From 1916 to 1851 a similar situation was pre-
sented under the low tariff of that period
Contrast this period with the period from 1850
to 1880, the former under a revenue tariff, the
latter under protective tarih. In 1850 we had
1863, 900 600 acres of improved land while in 1880
we had 287 900, 600, increase of rs per cent In
1860 our farms were valued at 50, 200 600 900. In
1880 the value had leaped to $40 19 600 900 an in
crease Of over 800 per cent. In 1850 we raised
173 100000 bushels Of wheat in 1880 498, goo 900.
In 1860 we raised S3S 900 OO0 bushels of COLI; in
1889 III, O00,00) bushels In 1860 we produced
5000, 001 bales OF cotton; in 1880 100000 bales
tured cotton goods to the value of S115 IS, IA;
In 1880 the value reached $211 600 Co., an increase
of upwards of so per cent. In 1860 we manufac-
tured Of woelen goods Sol, 600 600; In 1880 $267,
000 900, an increase of 333 per cent. In 1850 we
produced 10000, 900 pounds Of wool; in 1880 240,-
900 900 pounds, increase OF nearly 300 per cent
19,001000 tons, an increase of over 400 per cent
In 1860 we made 967 900 tons of pig from IN 1880
1885,, 600 tons. In 1860 we manufactured 235, 900
tons of railroad iron and in 1880 1908 900 tons In
1860 our aggregate national wealth was SIG, $780,
100000; in 1880 it was SAB 000, 600, 000
From 1913 to 1860, during the low tariff period
there was but single year in which we exported
In excess of what we imported. The balance of
trade during twelve of the thirteen years was
against u.s. Our people were drained f.their
money to pay for foreign purchases We sent
nh NJ nTh M n
This EAST sum was drawn from the United States,
from its business, from the channels of trade,
which would have been better employed in pro-
ductive enterprises and thus supplied our wants
for which were compelled to go abroad. Dur
ing the last thirteen years, under a protective
tariff, there was but one year that the balance Of
trade against us. For twelve years we sold
to our foreign customers in excess of what we
bought from them the sum of S1,6i2, 659,755:
This contrast makes an interesting exhibit Of
the work under the two systems. You need not
be told that the government and the people are
most prosperous whose balance of trade is in
their favor. The government is like the citizen,
when the citizen buys more than he sells he is
soon conscious that his years business has not
been a success.
FIGURES THAT DO NOT LIE
Our wealth increases SS75 100000 every year,
while the increase of France is S35 600 000 Great
Britain $685., 100000, and Germany $780, 900, 900.
The total carrying capacity of all the vessels en-
tered and cleared from American ports during the
year 1917 in the foreign trade was Is 900 900
tons. The amount of freight transported by the
railroads of the United States alone 1872 900 900
tons during tile same period,
The sum of our industries exceeds that of any
other people or tribe or nationality. Mulhall, the
English statistician, places the industries of the
United States at $11 405 600 600 annually which is
S., aO5 000,OO0 greater than those of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain, nearly twice that OF
France or Germany, nearly three times that of
Russia, and almost equal to the aggregated in
dustries of Austria, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Hol-
land, Australia, Canada, Sweden and Norway.
This advancement is the worlds wonder. The
nations Of the earth cannot furnish such a splen-
We defy revenue tariff policy to present such
an exhibition of material prosperity and indus.
trial Development AE'ts science and literature
have held their own in this wonderful march. We
are prosperous to-day beyond any other people.
The masses are better cared for, better provided
for, more self-respecting and more independent
than ever before in our history, which cannot be
said of the masses of other countries.
One of the striking differences between rev.
enue tariff and protective tariff is that the
former sends the money of its people abroad for
The latter keeps the money at home among our
own people, circulating through the arteries of
trade, and creates market at home, which is
always the best because the most reliable.
The south has shared in this splendid progress,
in this golden period of development.
HOW THE REPUBLICAN TARIFF HAS HELPED THE
SOUTH
From 1851 to 1860 the average yearly produc-
zion of pig iron throughout the United States was
less than 100000 tons In 1885 the states Of Ala
bama, Tennessee, Virginia. West Virginia, Ken
lucky, Georgia, Maryland, Texas and North Caro-
lima produced 875, 179 net tons, IS goo more than
the whole annual output of the United States
under the free trade period
The eight years last past have brought to the
routh wonderful progress. You had in 1880 49, 435
miles of railroad; you have now S6 737 miles, and
this is increasing. You raised in 1880 g. 755 $50
bales of cotton; in 1887 you raised g. 800 600 bales
In 1880 you raised 431 04 $50 bushels of grain and
in 1887 you raised 6s6, 3o5 900 bushels. In 1880 you
had live stock amounting il value to sa s4
your agricultural products in 1880 was SSH 098 454
in 1887 it had reached S74a 066 $50. In 1880 you
produced 397, 301 tons of pig iroa in 1887 you pro
duced 926 436 tons, and am assured upon the best
authority that it is upwards of 1000, 900 now
You mined in 1880 ,049, Al tons of coal; in 1887
16,476,785 tons. You had in 1880 179 cotton mills
you have got to-day 800, and they are increasing
The number of your spindles in 1889 was 713 $50
they are to-day ,495 145. The number of your
looms in 1880 was 15 222 they are over "a 900 now
The value of cotton goods in 1880, which YOU pro
duced, SCI 00O0 900; in 1887 it over S43 OOj
0o0 And yet, in the presence of such progress, il
is seriously proposed to reverse the policy under
which it has been made.
Surely new era of industrial development
has come to the south. Nothing should be per
mitted to check or retard it. To her nature has
been most prodigal with her gifts. Her hills and
valleys have been made the storehouses of rich
est treasure Coal and iron mines wait impa
both with promise of lavish profit
Raw materials are found at every turn to invite
the skilled artisan to transform them into the
finished product for the highest uses Of man. She
possesses the flores in rich abundance; her skilled
labor should weave the fabric.
1t is said that there is nothing grown in any OF
the states, except Florida, that Georgia can mol
proftably produce. She has coal, iron deposits
marble and building stone, cotton and the cereals
Nothing but her own folly, NJ hing but blindness
to her highest and best interests, can keep hel
ba Of n
Union.
MORE TEACHINGS OF HISTORY
Whether we discuss this question from prlnci
pie from statistics or experience we must reach
The same conclusion; all lean to the same convic
ton. Let me give you some important evidence
from high and undoubted sources, which con
firms the argument which have been making.
President Fillmore said on Dec. 2, 1851, in his
message to congress, speaking OF the condition Of
the country:
provisions, which it was supposed the incentive
of low tariff and large importations from
from s6s7oi s2i in is47 to s26 1873 in 1850 and
amounting almost to certainty, of still further
reduction iii the current year. The
policy which dictated q low rate OF duties on for
promoted and established it, would tend to benefit
the farming population Of this country by in
creasing the demand and raising the price Of
agricultural products in foreign markets. The
ably that such result has followed the adoption
of this policy
Again he said in his message of Dec. 6, 1852:
Without repeating the arguments contained
in my former message in favor of discriminating
protective duties, deem it my duty to call YOU
attention to one two other considerations
affecting this subject The first is the effect OF
large importations Of foreign goods upon our cur
rency. Most of the gold of California, as fast a
it is coined finds its way directly to Europe IL
payment for goods purchased In the second
place. as our manufacturing establishments are
broken down by competition with foreigners, the
capital invested in them is lost. thousands o!
honest and industrious citizens are thrown out
of employment, and the farmer to thai
extent is deprived Of home market for the sale
of his surplus produce. In the third place. The
destruction of manufactures leaves the for
eigner without competition in our market, and
he consequently raises the price of the article
sent here for sale as is seen in the increased
cost of iron imported from England"
In December, 1857, President Buchanan, In hi
annual message to congress, said
The earth has yielded her fruits abundantly
and has bountifully rewarded the toll of the hus
bandman. We have possessed all the elements Of
material wealth in rich abundance, and yet, not
withstanding all these advantages, our country il
its monetary interests is at the present moment
In deplorable condition. In the midst of un
surpassed plenty in all the productions, and ID
all the clements of natural wealth, find oul
manufactures suspended, our public works re
tarded our private enterprises OF different kind
abandoned and thousands of useful labOrers