The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1888-10-02
Devoting the Larger Portion of His Speech to
Convincing Argument in Favor of Pro-
lection to American Industries.
Full Details of the Remarkable Meeting
Held at Cadiz on Saturday Last.
Another Notable Conversion from the Ranks
of fDemocracy-Joint Discussion at Bourbon
Meetings at Many Other Places.
JUDGE r. 8. TAYLOR.

He Delivers q Speech Before the Et wayne
Harrison and Morton Railroad Club.
Special to the Indianapolis JournaA
Fort WAYNE, Oct. Judge r. S. Taylor,
who recently returned from his Western trip.
entered at once into the canvass on reaching
home and on Saturday night began here the
series of speeches he il to make from now until
the close OF the campaign. The meeting Was
held under the auspices of the Fort Wayne Har-
rison and Morton Railroad Club, and the Judge
had large audience, which manifested the
keenest appreciation OF his telling attacks
against the position taken by the Democracy.
Judge Taylor said at the outset that the fun
damental, all-comprehending argument in sup
port of the doctrine of American protection is
the prime importance Of the maintenance of the
greatest practicable number and diversity
of industries among the people. One OF
the most wonderful features OF this age
is the multiplication of occupations. Labor has
been divided and subdivided into narrower and
narrower lines, until most men pass their lives
in doing some one little thing. It may DO to
fire locomotive, tend q machine, set type. or
try lawsuits but whatever it is, life Is for most
people . narrow path, which they walk
from the cradle TO the grave
Referring then to the varied and vast resources
Of this country he said he could not recall any
important article of food. clothing. medicine or
ornament that the Americans cannot produce
from materials furnished by bountiful Provi-
dence except tea, coffee, quinine and india
rubber. If the question between protection and
free trade were probed to the bottom it would
be found that protectionist is one who values
the diversity and Independence OF the Industries
Of his country SO highly that he is willing to
make the promotion Of them paramount con-
sideration, and submit to any minor incon-
veniences necessary to secure that end; while q
free. trader is one who values those advantages
30 lightly that he is willing to give them up for
the sake of other advantages found IN free trade,
The Judge then considered the main ntenance Of
protection in its relation TO the prosperity Of the
country which was found in diversity OF indus
try Offering here opportunity for the exercise
OF every variety Of taste and aptitude The
greater the number OF employments open to
choice the greater the probability that every one
will find something suited to his taste and ca
pacity. and in which he will succeed. Again.
diversity Of industry promotes the general in
telligence, and stimulates the development OF
individual genius. The people of a community
as large as Indiana, all engaged in sheep raising
or any other one pursuit. would be honest inno-
cent and stupid. The son would be as like his
father the lamb to his sire. Ten generations
Of such life would show no more improvement
in the men than in the sheep. On tho other
hand, in q community in which . hundred in
dustries are pursued side by: side every man
sees something OF HIS neighbor's work and learns
something about it Each bring to the general
stock the fruit OF his special occupation, study
and experience. improvements made in
the handicraft of each become known
to all. Curiosity is excited; emulation
stimulated. The boy does not take up his
fathers trade with his name a matter Of
course, but looks around to find better one il
he can. Diversity of industry also conduces to
economy and profit in exchange. If . man in
England makes a hat and exchanges it with .
farmer in Indiana for bushel Of wheat, the
cost of transportation and the profits OF middle
men eat up a good share Of the value Of both
hat aud wheat. II the halter and the farmer
both live in Indiana much of this loss 10 saved.
Moreover, when the producer and the consumer
are lear to each other many exchanges are pos
sible which are impossible when they are widely
separated. The Indiana farmer cannot ship
wood, chickens, eggs, cabbage, green Corn or
land. but If there is factory of hat-makers
within ten miles OF his farm they will buy
those things, aud be glad to get them. Indiana
has no very large city. but she has great many
small ones. Each of these has greater or less
variety Of manufacturing and mechanical inter
ests, and is surrounded by thriving agricult-
ural community. The relations between these
little cities and the country around them is the
perfection Of reciprocity. The town supplies the
| country with groceries, goods and manufactured
| the town with wood. hay, milk, fruits, vegeta-
| bles and q hundred things which the town peo-
pie could rot afford to use IL they had to be i'm
| ported from abroad. and which the country peo-
| pie could not sell if they had not GUS
| TONERS for them at their doors In
| these little cities lots are cheap and
| the humblest workngman can own home If he
| chooses. They have schools as good as the best.
every social influence necessary to the develop
ment of the best type Of manhood and woman
| hood. There is not, and never was anywhere in
the world. another community having as few
paupers, as many happy homes, as good care
| and education of children, as grand opportuni-
ties for the young, as strong incentives to exer-
| ton, and as much aggregate happiness per head
| as are found to-day in the State OF Indiana, and
| other States of the Union similarly organized.
This fortunate state Of affairs is due to one lead
ing cause, the multiplied diversity of industries.
| The diversifcaton of industries tends to the
maintenance Of a high rate of wages. 1t is the
| existence OF prosperous industries that create
| the demand. and the more their dversiication
| is extended the greater becomes the demand. A
mansreal wages consists III the food clothing and
| home comforts which his labor secures for him.
| And in these the American workingman 10 far
ahead OF all his fellows. IL witnesses are wanted
| let the millions answer who have made the COM
| parison for themselves, and VINO, having found
homes in America, stay here and send
for their friends instead of going back Free
traders say that wages are better because lands
| furnish outlet for surplus labor. That there
is any direct relation between cheap lands and
high wages is disproved by experience and by
the whcle history Of the country. Thirty-three
years ago Indiana land was dirt cheap, and
much of it unoccupied Wages generally were
little more than half the present rates. But
instead of falling as land rose in value, as they
should according to the free-trader's theory,
they have risen with tho land. This has
occurred, not because Of the rise in the value oi
land, but because of the increase In the
number and prosperity u industries
There are States in the South where occupa
tions are few. and agriculture the chief one. and
there wages are low compared with those paid
In Indiana Taking the whole country together.
it is found the same general law prevails Cheap
uuoceupied lands have become scarce. And YET
wages have gone up and up, not only as meas
ured in money. but measured by the rea
standard of comfortable living. And all tnii
has occurred as occupations have multiplied.
The Judge continuing, gave q brief review o.
the balance Of trade which favored this cCuntry
under protection, and spoke Of the mutual de
pendence that diversified industry creates, thu
strengthening national independence. "Ou
| industries" said the speaker. ARE the YER,
breath of our lungs, tho very blood of on
life. They are our arms. limbs. organs, facul
ties. nation with but one industry Is one