Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1888-10-12
HOME MANUFACTURES.
NO. II.
How England Treats Her Colonies-The
Principle of Protection Recognized by
all First Class Nations.


power" and scientific labor which some
of the readers of the FREE PRESS do not
understand the meaning of in the connec-
ton in which the phrases were used The
phrase, scientific power, was used as
synonym for the mechanical power evolv-
ed, and added to the productive power of
labor in Great Britain by the use of labor
saving machinery-notably of that won
derful piece of mechanism invented by Mr..
Arkwright (afterward Sir Richard Ark
wright the spinning frame, which, when
put into motion, performed of Itself the
whole process of spinning. In 1867, two
years prior to Arkwrights invention, each
spindle required a person to work it, but
now one man, with little aid to take up
and Join the broken ends, can work at
least thousand spindles. This automat-
ic system of weaving may be properly
termed scientific labor, and the enormous
gain of 1000 per cent in the increased ia
cilities of production may as properly be
considered as an increase of scientific
power.
have adverted to the leading principle
in the system of colonial policy adopted
by Great Britain to discourage all at
her colonies as could be provided for them
in the mother country. This endeavor to
place restraints upon the commerce and
manufactures of her American colonies
did not cease with their achievement of
political independence. Great Britain in
| terposed every obstacle in her power dur
ing the Revolutionary war, and for many
years afterward, to maintain her com
mercial supremacy over this country, and
force upon the people thereof the produc-
| tions of what one writer has termed her
viciously exaggerated system of manufac-
lures" From 1884 to 1870 our commerce
exhibited remarkable results. For seven
years consecutively the imports into
America from Britain were never less than
twice the amount of exports to her, and
| for three years, at least, were three to
five times their value. The consequence
was drain of specie ana great CONNER
cial embarrassment and distress One
writer says During the war of the rev
oluton our commerce was suspended ;
after the peace of 1883, our trade continued
| to lauguish 1t had TO contend with dOneS-
tic and foreign obstacles foreign nations
entertained "A jealousy concerning these
States: at home 4 riVaiShip was prevalent
among the several members of the con-
iederacy, and checked the prosperity Of
the nation. Each of the 10 independent
soVereignties contemplated its own imme-
date interests. Some of the States de
clared the commercial intercourse with
the III to be equally tree TO al nations
Another writer observes "ln this crisis
the attention of thinking men AMI pa
triots in all parts OF the nation was arous
ed, and there was perhaps nothing which
contributed so much in urging the States
into general convention, and into the
adoption of Il constitutional government
M cd "a npii
liberties, their fortunes, ana their glory
in all the future
The deploraole influences in operation
to dissolve the Attachments and the SENSE
of the common interest which had cement
ed and sustained the Union during the
dark period of the revolution, were attri
buiable to the invidlous efforts of the
British ministry, and the mercantile por
ton of the British people, to prevent the
increase OF our shipping ana the develop
ment of our infant Industries. Can the
adv Gates Cf free trade tO-1ay be so eX
ceedingly Obtuse as not TO see that The
spirit of SCI tishntsS thai dominated Great
Britain III her policy century ago, il
; the same that to-day leads England TO de
peud upon our SUBMISSION to her system
for her prosperity, and leads her mer
chants and manufacturers to telicltat6
themselves and her press 20 CALCULATIONS
upon the very faint prospect that Presi
dent CleVeland'S message on free WOOL
, foreshadows change in our fiscal policy
; such as they earnestly and very naturally
I desire to SEE iuaugurated. l say VERY
t naturally desire" for the reason that uu
restricted trade with the United State!
to-day would be relatively more uesirahl,
{ to England than the trade OF the Amer
. can colouies was to Britain in l770, whel
Mr.. Burke said in the House of Commons
"Our trade with America is scarcely les
/! than We carried on at the beginning OF tn
1 century with the whole world
/ The fact that England, with its co!onia
5 possessions, which. exclusive of India eX
e coed in number, extent and value, thos
r of every other country, and which furnlsI
- an almost unlimited outlet Tor her sur
- plus produce, is now persistent in her e!
forts to extend her trade with the Unite
States, evidencies the immensely of he
industrial resources, and entities her to b
{ considered the workshop Of the world
e therefore competition with her on tn
n basis of free trade would be rulnous I
v our productive industries.
I The protection OF their productive lndu:
u tries by means of duties laid upon foreig
imports, has characterized the impoI
= systems of all the governments of tn
n earth whose rank entities them to be COZ
d sidered rs authorities This policy" say
It all eminent writer, "since its adoption
V all first-clasS nations, has undergOn
Il changes corresponding to changes of cor
dition, both in Europe and America, bu
lHt principle mas never DttD hDdDUODtf
- Great Britain by working it to its utmos
u capacity of beneficial service has thorough
'e ly justified the theory. Her experience
IS its most perfect justification. In th
n United States the doctrine has its disc
IS pies and supporters as numerous and il
o. fluential as principles, rightly understood
70 ever secured among an intelligent and pi
y triotic people. In the many years OF col
l1I trOversy to which it has been subjected !
al this country, the opposing theory hi
10 never obtained u victory or concessio
a. which can in any way entitle its advocate
ID to claim possession of the field" 1t is a
4. issue upon which the republican par
N cannot fail to triumph at the present can
M paign
" In the future history of this COUNT
~ when it shall have become as dense
G. populated as England is now, and Il
In combined manual and scientific pow,
is becomes proportionately important, fr,
10 trade may be advantageous 10 us, but ii
J.. theory OF It's present utility is not in a
cordance with the sentiments of the gre
majority of the American people The e
L.