Arizona weekly enterprise., 1888-02-11


 and hardness of finish unequalled by modern art. Who @ese people were,
 from whence they came and where they
 went, may never be discovered, but that
 this region where the howl of the coyota
 Is the only sound which rends the still
 ness was once the home of an industrio us
 and happy nation, is beyond doubt.
 ] Among the different tribes of Indians
 which make Arizona their home, the | Apache is the most dreaded for, being a born murderer, who delights in spilliug
 the blood and pillaging the homes of
 peaceful citizens as we'll as those of other
 more peaceful tribes. This was the
 character he bore among the PImas when
 the Spaniards first entered the country,
 $50 years ago. The number of this tribe
 in Arizona is about 5000. Ever since
 1874 these Apaches have lived on the
 San Carlos reservation, which Is situated
 in the eastern part of the territory, north
 of the Gila river. It embraces portions
 of Gila, Graham and Apache counties,
 and is watered by the San Carlos, Cibicu,
 Eagle creek, Rio Bonita and other
 tributaries of the Gila and contains 4, 40
 square miles. In this reservation are the finest farming lands in the territory and
 some of the most extensive grazing rang
 es, also rich mines abounding in gold,
 silver and copper. Fish abound in the different streams and large forests of fine
 timbers full of game are also found. It is thought that there at least 800, 900
 acres embraced in this reservation that
 could be easily brought into cultivation,
 yet only 1000 acres have been farmed
 by the lazy and worthless red men, after
 all the trouble of the government in try
 ing to provide them with tools.
 Many habits of the Apaches are pecu-
 liar. They are republicans of the most
 advanced type. The chief is elected by
 the popular vote, and should he not be
 liked by his people is asked to resign,
 and another elected in his rlace. They
 are polygamists, and no marriage cere-
 mony is known among them. The women
 are the hewers of wood and drawers of
 water, the Apache braves being disdain-
 ful of manual labor. They believe in a
 Great Spirit, and in the existence of
 "happy hunting grounds' where they
 will go after death. They burn their
 dead. The Apaches are divided into a
 number of tribes, the Coyoteres, White
 Mountain, Chiricahuas, Finals, Tontos,
 Aguas Calientes, Apache Yumas, and
 Apache Mohaves, each tribe governed by chief. The number of this tribe is
 rapidly decreasing; their power is being , broken little by little, and soon they will no longer be seen on the face of the con- tinent.
 The Pima and Maricopa tribes have a reservation set apart for them, beginning about nine miles west of Florence and extending down on both sides of the
 Gila, to its jnnction with the Salt River distance of about 35 miles; all of which is fine fruitful land The Pimas numbeI ) about 1000 the Maricopas about 5000. They raise large crops, the average oi l wheat being 2,0OO, 900 pounds a year. ) and in quality superior to that of theil : white neighbors. They raise besides 3 wheat, corn, pumpkins, beans, sorghum, and vegetables in large quantities. Thret : centuries and half ago, when the Span iards visited this country they found them as they are to-day, living in hut' 3 which are built of poles in circle arch } ed at the top, and covered with grass and
 mud, looking like a gigantic beehive The Pimas are governed by head chief. | The tribe is divided into bands,- oacl I band ruled by captain who is choser l by the popular vote. In each village { g a council hut is found, where the lead r ing men often meet to discuss the affairs 7 of State. Unlike the Apaehes they be . lieve in monogamy, and are married b! 0 means of simple ceremony. They hay' ' a dim notion of Creator and are be s hevers in witchcraft and will club t death one whom they suppose to be | .l, f1rtn fto nf 8 whites, and are always ready to lend 8 helping hand against the Apaches whc 0 are their worst enemies. The Maricopa e occupy the same reservation but llv' f separately. Eighty years the Maricopa o were a part of the Yuma tribe, but be !, ing driven out they joined the Pima with whom they have been on friendl h terms ever since. The Papagos wer d once part of the Pima nation, but wer y converted to Christianity by the Spanisl n missionaries and took the name "Papa e goes"-baptized. Of all the tribes the, e are the most industrious, peaceful if virtuous and thrifty, and it seems strang s that they should not receive help iron l. the Government, for they surely deserv h it more than other Indian. They hay @ settlement on the Gila, below tn It mouth of the Salt river, where they farr }. about 4000 acres.
 n During the several combats with tn ), Apaches, the Papagoes did good service n fighting side by side with the whites e Being good workers, large numbers c l. them are employed by the farmers c Us Florence. They dress after the manne e of some of the ranchers, wear hats, an
 cut their hair short, which the Pims g will not do.
 d The town of Florence lies in the mids d of district rich in copper, lead, silver d and gold. One of the richest mines ye Is discovered is the Silver King mine, d miles northeast from the Gila. It wa e found on the 22d of March, 1875, by e party of four men from Florence wh sr started to explore the mountains in scare 3, of man named Sullivan, who, they sur r. posed, had been killed by the Apache' m or perished in the desert, and to bring Is some of the ore from the Globe mine m by means of train of pack animals sr When on their way back they campe gs for the night within a short distance ( le the present hoisting works of the Kin Is mine. On preparing to start next morr In ing they missed one of their mules. Cop' KS land, one of the party, went to find hil r. and discovered him standing on the tc n of little hill. Going up to catch th