Evening journal., 1888-10-02
ANOTHERMESSAGE
President Cleveland Reviews
Negotiations with China.
THE TREATY AND THE BILL.
China Was Shown Many Fa-
vors in the Stipulations.
mun nVNI TrCTON DTTT CTNNrn
THE TREATY AND THE BILL.
THE EXCLUSION BILL SIGNED,


We're Granted and Inoorporated-Then
She Proposed Alterations which Would
Have Placed the Execution of the
Treaty Beyond Control 1f This Govern
ment-The President Recommends Full
Indemnity for Losses OF Chinese Subjects.
WASHINGTON, Oct 2-President Cleveland
signed the Chinese exclusion bill and trans
mitted it to congress, accompanied by the
following message:
To the Congress-:
! have this day approved house bin No
Ill, ,336, supplementary to an act entitled
"An act to execute certain treaty stipula-
tions relating to Chinese approved the 9th
day Of May, 1882 1t seems to me that some
suggestions and recommendations may prop
erly accompany my approval Of this bin.
Its object is to more effectually accomplish
by legislation the exclusion from this country
Of Chinese laborers. The experiment Of
blending the social habits and mutual race
idiosyncracies Of the Chinese laboring classes
with those Of the great body of the people Of
the United States has been proved by the
experience Of twenty years, and ever since
the Burlingame treaty Of 1868, to be in every
\
nations. With the lapse Of time the necessity
for its abandonment has grown in force until
those having In charge the government Of the
respective countries have resolved to modify
and sufficiently abrogate all those features Of
| prior conventional arrangements which per-
mitted the coming Of Chinese laborers to the
/ United States.
In modification Of prior conventions the
treaty Of Nov. II, 1850, was concluded,
/ whereby, in the first article thereof, it was
/ agreed that the United States should at will
regulate, limit or suspend the coming Of
Chinese laborers to the United States, but
not absolutely prohibit il; and under this ar
ticle an act Of congress, approved on May Q,
1882 (see vol %, p. s., statutes at largel and
amended July 5, 1884 vol %, p. lis, statutes
at large, suspended for ten years the coming
of Chinese laborers to the United States, and
regulated the going and coming Of such Chi
nese laborers as were at that time in the
United States.
1t was, however, soon made evident that
the mercenary greed Of the parties who were
trading in the labor Of this class Of the
Chinese population was proving too strong
for the just execution Of the law, and that
the virtual defeat Of the object and intent Of
both law and treaty was being fraudulently
accomplished by false pretense and perjury,
contrary to the expressed will Of both govern
ments
To such an extent has the successful viola.
tion Of the treaty and the laws enacted for
its execution progressed that the courts in
the Pacific states have been for some time
past overwhelmed by the examination Of
cases of Chinese laborers who are charged
with having entered our ports under fraaidu-
lent certificates Of return or seek to establish
by perjury the claim Of prior residence
Aided by the presence in this country of
able and intelligent diplomatic and consular
officers OF the Chinese government, and the
/ representations made from time to time hy
our minister in China under the instructions
Of the department Of state, the actual condi-
tion Of public sentiment aad the status Of
affairs in the United States has been fully
known to the government Of China.
The necessity for remedy has been fully
appreciated by that government, and in Au-
gust, 1886, our minister at Pellin received
from the Chinese foreign Office a communica.
tion announcing that China, Of her own ao-
I cord, proposed to establish a system Of strict
and absolute prohibition of her laborers.
under heavy penalties, from coming to the
United States, and likewise to prohibit the
return 20 the United States Of any Chinese
lahorer who had at any time gone back to
China, ''in order in the words Of the com
munication, ''that the Chinese laborers NAV
gradually be reduced in number, and causes
Of danger averted and lives preserved
This view Of the Chinese government. 50
completely in harmony with that of the
United States, was by my direction speedily
formulated in a treaty draft between the two
nations, embodying the propositions 50 pre-
sented by the Chinese foreign office.
The deliberations, frequent oral discus
sions, and correspondence on the general
question that ensued have been fully com
municated by me 10 the senate at the present
session and as contained in senate executive
document, Parts ] and ., and in senate
executive document No. 272, may be properly
referred to as containing complete history
of the transaction. II is thus easy to learn
how the joint desires and unequivocal mutual
understanding Of the two governments were
brought into articulated form in the treaty
which, after a mutual exhibition Of plenary
powers from irrespective governments, was
signed and concluded BY the pienipotentiaries
Of the United States aud China at this caDitai
on March IL last Being submitted for the
advice and consent Of the senate, its confirm
alton on the 9TH day OF May last was ac-
companied by - amendments, which that
body engrafted upon it.
ON the 18th day Of the same month the
Chinese minister, who was the plenipotentiary
Of his government in the negotiation and the
conclusion Of the treaty, in a note to the
secretary Of state gave his approval to these
amendments 'as they did not alter the terms
Of the treaty and the amendments were at
once telegraphed to China, whittier the
original treaty had previously been sent inn
mediately after its signature on March I2
On the 18th day Of last month l approved
senate bill No. s,3O4, to prohibit the coming
of Chinese laborers to the United States.
This bill was intended to supplement the
treaty, and was approved in the confident an
ticipation Of an early exchange Of ratifica-
tions Of the treaty and its amendments and
the proclamation of the same, upon which
event the legislation 50 approved was by its
terms 70 take effect.
No information Of any definite action upon
the treaty by the Chinese government was
received until the 21st ultimo-the day the
bill which have just approved was presented
TO me-when telegram from our minister
at Peizin TO the secretary of state announced
the refusal q the Chinese government 10 ex-
change ratifcations of the treaty. unless