davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
LABOR DEFEATS CAPITAL.

The Flint Glass Syndicate Compelled to
Give In to the Glassworkers' Union.
PITTsBURG, April 14-Flint glass
manufacturers, unable to secure any
workmen, now admit they are defeated.
The price of glass is now so high that
manufacturers are making preparations
to resume operations at the terms of the
flint glasSworkers' union.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Gaudaur and Teamar.

Boston, April 16.-JohD Teemer and
Jake Gaudaur have signed articles for a
single scull race, three miles, with turn,
for gate receipts, to take place on Dec
grafton day.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

WASHINGTON, April l7.-Mr. MacDon-
aid introduced bill to equalize the
bounties of soldiers who served in the
late war for the Union.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Floods are Subsidipg.

81. PAUL. April l6.-The waters at the
upper levee are receding, and active
preparations have been begun by the
squatters to resume occupation of the
novels from which they had been so sum-
marily and unceremoniously evicted by
The overflow.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Lincoln Never Read q Novel.

While Edwin Forrest was playing an
engagement at Ford's theatre, Mr.. Oar.
penter spoke to The PRESIDENT one day d
actef OF Richelieu, and advised him t.
witness the performance. The CONVEX
sation occurred in the presence Of Senatol
Harris, of New York. 'sWho wrote the
play'" asked the president OF Mr.. Car.
penter. 'tBulwer," was the reply.
"Ahr he rejoined, "well, knew Bull.
wer wrote novels, but did not know be
was a play writer also, 1t may seem
somewhat strange to say" he continued,
shut never read an entire novel in my
life." Said Judge Harris, IT'S it posi-.
ble'' eyes" returned the president
sit is a fact. ! once commenced Evan.
hoe, but never finished stn
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

Will Not Discriminate Against England.
OTTAWA, Ont, April 16.-A proclama-
ton will appear tomorrow canceling the
one issued last Saturday, placing certain
articles of natural product entering Can
ada from the United States on the free
list, and decreeing that in the future the
articles enumerated, no matter from what
country they may come, shall enter free.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

WASHINGTON, April 13.-The senate
adopted resolution by Stewart, calling
for information as to the reported &C.
tion of France in impressing natural
lied American citizens into her military
service
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
The Gould-Sage Matter.

NEW YORK, April 1!.--Recorder Smythe
to-day rendered his decision in the Gould
Sage matter. His honor denies the ap-
plication to submit the complaint of the
Kansas Pacific bondholders to the grand
I'M
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
WOn't Eight I'm Enrona-

PROVIDENCE, R. l., April 17.-Jack
Ashton in an interview to-day regarding
the Kilrain challenge says he will not
consent to fight in Europe, and proposes
Mexico as a place where there would be
no interruption
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
For International Arbitration.

WASHINGTON, April Ex-senator ALI
son introduced bill for the establish
ment of permanent court of arbitration
between the United States and Great
Britain and France.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Gould Would Purchase It.

NEW YORK, April 13.-It is reported on
the streets that Gould has offered 20 per
cent. for the $4,000, 600 Western Union
stock which were pledged for the Balti-
more and Ohio Telegraph.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Indians Getting Ugly,

HELENA, Mont, April 12.-The Koo-
tenai Indians are getting ugly and
threaten to avenge the hanging of three
of their number for murder by the white
people. The governor has been called on
for troops. -
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
20 Pension Mrs. Waite

WAsHINGToN, April 17.-In the senate
Mr.. Stewart introduced bill granting a
pension of Sc, 600 year to the widow of
Chief Justice Waite.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
viii all br Electricity,

ALBANY, N. r., April 1.-The assem-
bly, has passed by vote of SO to . the
bill which substitutes electricity for
hanging.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

WINNIPEG, Man., April l3.-About
1000 immigrants are daily expected at
Halifax, ex=Sardinian and Siberian.
They are nearly all bound for the North
west, and the authorities here are pre-
pairing for them.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Winnipeg Le1islature.

WINNIPEG, Man., April Il The new
redistribution bill of seats in the legisla-
ture is in course of preparation. There
will probably he thirty-eight members
hereafter, giving Winnipeg three mem
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Dom Pedro Will Not Abd,cat.

LONDON, April 16.-The Times Vienna
correspondent says the rumors that the
emperor of Brazil will abdicate are de-
MED. The emperor will soon return to
Rrazi1
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
A Big Haul,

ST.. TOWNSVILLE DEPOT, N. Y, April 13
burglars entered the First National
bank here Friday morning early, blew
open the safe and secured $1,000 in cash
and a number of unsigned $40 bills.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
MATTHEW ARNOLD DEAD.

The Noted Writer Dies Instantly of Heart
Disease in q Liverpool Street.
LONDON, April 16.-Matthew Arnold,
the distinguished writer is dead. While
walking with his sister yesterday at Liv-
erpool, where he had gone to meet his
daughter, he suddenly fell on his face
and instantly expired. His death was
caused by disease of the heart
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
,y4e lnOusand Converted.

NEW YORK, April l4.-The jubilee at
the Jane street Methodist Episcopal
church has resulted in the conversion of
q thousand persons. Rev. De Witt Tai
madge and the boy preacher, Harrison,
spoke yesterday.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
THE INDIAN SCHOOL,

Rapid City Ii the Town Which Secures
the Prize.
RAPID CITY, OAK, April 13.-At q
public meeting of citizens Thursday
Bishop Hare submitted a proposition for
locating the Indian school here, which
was accepted by the Indians and the re-
quired bonus pledged to the enterprise.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Through Traff1c Renamed.

GRANITE FALLS, Mimi, April l9.-The
Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Rail-
road company has, after six days of in
cessant labor, replaced the bridge over
Hawk Greek, and through traffic will be
resumed today.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Broke the Go-As-You-Please Record.

PROVIDENCE, April 13.-Guerro broke
the forty-eight-hour go-as-you-please rec
ord last night. At Easton, Pa, four
years ago Noremac walked and ran 282
miles and $50 yards in forty-eight hours.
In the same length of time the Mexican
travelled 2S2 miles 400 wards,
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Minue.ot, Hort,cnItn,,.t,

MANKATo. Mimi, April 14.-The West
ern Minnesota horticultural association
was formed here Friday. Its object is to
promote the cause of horticulture in
Southwestern Minnesota.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

WATERFOWL, OAK, April ia teach
ers' territorial institute will be held in
this city beginning May Z.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
GIFT TO A SOLDIERS WIFE.

Her New Washington House.
| WASHINGTON, April 1.-THE house
which was purchased by friends of the
late Gen. Hancock has been presented to
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Another Fatal Fight Amon. s.r;,.

Another Fatal Fight Among Strikers.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, April 14.-Re.
ports from Cumberland Gap say another
tight occurred among strikers there Fri
day, resulting IN the death of one man.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Decided Against the Doup,a. Hair.

CHICAGO, April 17.-Judge Jameson
yesterday decided against the heirs OF
Stephen A. Douglas in the suit to re-
cover the land which Mr.. Douglas
conveyed to the Chicago University in
1856
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Another Big Monopoly.

PHILADELPHIA, April 13.-The Record
this morning says that an electric trust
is contemplated to control all the cleo
trio lighting in the country, and that the
electric lighting franchises of several of
the larger cities of the country have al
ready been absorbed by the company.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
HOLDING WAS HANGED.

Tho Murder Of Lille Field Avenged ~
Far as Human Power Can Do It.
FERGUS FALLS. MINI, April 13.-Nels
Holong, the murderer Of Lillio Field,
was hanged in the jail yard here this aft
ernoon at o'clock. Only sheriffs o.:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Resigned to Come Yves

WASHINGTON, April 12.-Professor
Otto Hugger, of the agricultural depart
ment, has resigned to accept the position
of entomologist of the state of Min ne
sofa,
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
~ u @A'ru1r@---=Es,SS=zz $3.50 |,
-
MRS. HANCOCK's HOUSE.

Mrs. Hancock, and she will probably
take immediate possession. The house
is situated ON the corner of Twenty first
and r streets, and is handsomely deco
rated and furnished,
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
THE SENATE AGREES,

WASHINGTON, April 16.-The senate
has agreed to the conference report on
the bill opening the Sioux reservation.
1t has been adopted by the house and
now goes to the president for his sigma
ture. 1t is understood he will sign it at
once.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
The MARYLAND Democrats.

BALTIMORE, April 1.-THE state Demo
cratic convention will be held here
May ID.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
sensib,e Minpeapo,,tans.

MINNEAPOLIS, April 1.-THE committee
on Decoration Day agree to hold memoir
ial services indoors.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Begin Shipping Ore,

REPUBLIC, Mich, April 1.-THE Re-
public mine will begin shipping ore to-
day seventy cars per day via rail to st,
Ignace, $780,.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

OwENsBORo, KY, April IS Fire this
morning destroyed six business blocks.
Loss $50, 900.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
PRACTICALLY A LAW,

The Conference Report on the Sioux Bill
Agreed to by the House and Senate.
WASHINGTON, April 14.-The confer
ence report on the bill opening of the
Sioux reservation passed the house after
objection. The passage of the bill in the
house practically ends the long intense
anxiety on the great question.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Raised Two Feet.

WAusAU, Wis, April la-The river
has raised about two feet since last night.
The ice broke mp to-day and passed safely
down the river.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

Advertisements in double columns, double
the single column rates
Business cards. five lines, one year, 90 %.
Advertisements making more than hve
lines and less than an inch will be charged as
one inch.
All transient advertising must be paid In
advance.
Advertisements in the local notice column
centsa line for each insertion.
Announcements of marriages and deaths
in special cases, will be charged At advertis-
Ing rates
Legal notices Will be charged ut 75 cents
per folio for the first Insertion, and 81 cents
for each subsequent insertion. All legal no
tees must be upon the responsibility OF the
person ordering them published, aud no afh-
davit of publication will be given until the
publication fees are paid.
All accounts payable quarterly.
In connection with the paper, we have a
splendid assortment OF jobbing material, and
are prepared to execute all kinds of printing
in sly lie unsurpassed.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Coal Shipments vic Tho Lakaa,

PITTsBURG, April 1U.-Railroad coal op-
orators have begun the shipment of coal
to the lakes and the Northwest. A big
trade is assured this season.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19

surrounding counties and few reporters
for daily papers were allowed to be pres
ent. The condemned man assembled the
gallows with q firm step and evinced no
signs of breaking down. To the last he
refused to say anything about his awful
crime
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
DONATED TO. MILWAUKEE.

Generous Gifts OF Mr.. Layton and Other
Public Spirited Citizens.
MILWAUKEE, April ID. Since the new
Layton art gallery was thrown open to
the publie last week hundreds of people
have visited the place daily, and the
crowds do not diminish. The walls Of
tie galleries are literally covered with
paintings, many of them far above the
average artists work. Sundays and
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
MINNESOTA NEWS NOTES.
Waseca's butter industry is no small

Waseca's butter industry is no small
item.
Winona has over sixteen miles of water
pipe In her water works system.
The st. Paul g. Duluth road will make
extensive improvements at Duluth.
A rich gold find is reported from St.
Louis county, near the Canadian line.
Mankato wants q ball club, SO as to
get whack at the other clubs in Min
nesota valley towns.
Houses ct st. Cloud have been ordered
numbered at once preparatory to adopt,
ing the free mail delivery.
"Cut down to $50, 900" is what hap.
pened to the amount named in the bill
for Stillwater's public building.
A loan company is preparing to grade
streets, plant trees, and build some fine
houses in Warrington this spring.
According to the volume of business
handled, Duluth is first-class postoffice
and her postmaster, who is popular, gets
raise in salary aid extra clerks.
Becker county Democrats will organize
thoroughly this. year. Persons of the
Democratic faith have not been very dill
gent workers in this county in years
past.
Professor Otto Lugger has resigned q
position in the agricultural bureau at
Washington to accept q professorship in
the Minnesota state university at Mime
apolis.
Two sons of a German farmer named
Wintermeyer, living near Albany,
Stearns county, are in trouble at st.
Cloud for attempting to wreck Mani
toba passenger train by removing rails
at o curve.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1888-04-19
Little Falls & Dakota.

This train runs Mondays. Wedn esdays and
FriuayS *This train runs Tuesdays, Thurs
days and Satu rdays.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25

feet; price S2000, or S74 front foot. Every inch of ground fronting on Center street is going up in price. The business of Bethel is in a healthy state and the debt of town and borough is made less each year. This makes it desirable to live or own property here.
 Ground has been broken for the cellar to Mrs Beach's new dwelling on Elm street. Senior has the Episcopal chapel up and part covered and timber on the ground for Van Riper's building.
 John McGregor on South street is put ting his foundation we'll up and, when the house is on, it will make a great change in the looks of the street.
 Report says another new street is to be opened from Fleetwood avenue to the North Main street of Grassy Plain. If opened, it should be called Durant ave nue.
 If Summer holds on long enough, the fountain will be put i'll order and the big hole in the road near it filled up.
 Hallock, the mason, is full of work and Senior, the painter, hardly knows which way to turn first.
 l.. Stowe of Danbury does G. R. Os- born's mason work.
 Arthur Patchen of Danbury does the mason work on $. l.. JudsOn's house.
 Mrs George H. Fenner died on Friday, after painful illness. She was about 72 years old, but one who could hardly be spared. No one was wanted in this family more than she, but Death is no respecter of persons. Mir Fenner and family will have the sympathy they de- serve.
 The Memorial union service will be held, this year, in the Congregational church, Sunday evening, 27th. Rev II. l.. Slack will deliver the address. The graves will be decorated on Wednesday morning by the committee and members of the Grand Army. Many will then visit Danbury and witness or take part ill the services there.
 The horse railroad company has been trying an experiment from 30 p m till the cars stop for the night. Bethel must pay double fare and, as most of the tray el at that time is for pleasure, Bethel will stay at home or go up on the D m cars and.walk back. Over 20 went on that line, last week and Saturday night about 10 went up on the steam cars and, after the entertainment there was out, one horse car brought down five passen- gers. A proper resentment for such treatment. Without Bethel, horse cars would not have paid half their expense and now to turn and impose upon Bethel will not do them any good. Already the feeling is against the road and many think that the Bethel director has not favored Bethel, but looked for his own pocket.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
WooDBURY.

Dr H. w. Shove has treated himself to a telephone.
 Dr l.. Y. Ketcham and N. NJ. Strong are starting soda fountains in their drug stores. Evidently they expect warm weather some time.
 Mrs Mary E. Smith has been appoint ed guardian of the property of her son, Truman Goodrich Smith.
 George DeVoe is on the sick list. His wife is absent at New Milford.
 Dr Ketcham has just received an in voice of fresh bovine virus. In this time of scattered small pox, precautionary measures should be taken.
 Mrs William R. Futile is suffering from a badly scalded foot.
 Mrs Ann Donnelly bought the Phi lander Nichols place at auction for 1926.
 H. D. Curtiss, William Cothren and E.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
FLOWS, PL ANTERS:

Before purchasing new blow, I would in vite you to examine and try the Wizard chilled blow. They are made in sizes to suit all, from light one-horse to heavy three horse; also swivel and sulkey. The testimony of those us- ing th9m is, ''There is no equal" I also have a stock of Fisk automatic corn planters. The introduction of one in place always sells more. Send postal card for circulars.
 J. B. FAIRCHILD, Hawleyville, Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
FARM FOR SALE:

Situated in Plumtrees district, consisting of a House, Barn and 70 acres of Land The build ngs are in good condition and the land well watered in good heart and suitable for either pasturage wheat raising. For particulars enquire of JAMES MOORE, 2d,
 46i Main Street, Danbury.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
FOR SALE

A 12-can Cooley Creamer as good as new; been used only one year. R. A. CLARK. Hawleyville, April 9, 1888.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
FOR SALE

New White Oak Cart Bodies, good can be made. Price low at L. B. BOOTHS.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
THE PERCHERON STALLION,

Le Petit Due Q4ittle Dul>e), No. 4167, will make his second season at the barn of s. L. Thomas, Trumbull, Ct., Daniels Farm dis trict. Terms $2O; $5 at time of service, the balance when proved with foal. No business done on Sunday.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25

Spring has arrived at Foster, Besse & Co.'S, reliable combination clothiers, matters and gents furnishers of3l7 Main street, Bridgeport and their elaborate assortment of mems and youths suits receive full attention in their new ad. One honest, unchangeable, invinci- ble low cash price sweeps in the customers and makes friends for the firm every day. See their new ad
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
BETHEL.

George M. Cole has bought of David Lyon the strip of land between MT Ly- on's house and the Twiss drug store, 27
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
FOR SALE OR RENT:

A Farm situated in the town of Monroe, con- taining Eighty Five acres with the buildings thereon standing. For further particulars ad- dress, B. HAWLEY, StepneY, Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
THE VIEWPOINT LIBRARY:

Will be open for drawing Books every Tues day 1 to p m and 6 to in the evening; Satur- day from 10 a m to F, l to p m, to in the evening.
The Newtown bee., 1888-05-25
ADOLpH OF PAWLING.

Registered by the Hofstein Freisian Associ- ation of America, Vol l, No. 1253. Bred by J I. WanZer X Son, Pawling, N. Y.; is now owned by Albert Blackman, Newtown, Ct. Terms for 1888. 5Oc each.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1888-12-16

The latest news from the stranded
steamer YaQHinG Bay is that the
sea still remains high and the stern
Of the vessel has been cast high on
the sapd and rock of the jetty. The
sea, which is constantly breaking
over the vessel, has gutted the upper
works, loosened part OF the wood
work, and canses the vessel to roll
about considerably. Tugs are con-
stantly by her, but cannot do any
thing to get her off. Towboat cap
tains think that the hull is already
partially full of sand.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1888-12-16
PERSONAL MENTION.

]. 81. Burke and wife, and G. B.
Studd, are guests at the Occident.
Geo. B. Doris, of Eugene city, has
been appointed q notary public by
Gov. Pennoyer.:
W. H. Whitcomb returned from a
trip on the Sound, looking fresh as a
daisy and full of admiration for the
enterprising, bustling cities on the
Sound. He intends visiting his old
home on the Willapa this week.
Captain P. j. Packard, Of this city,
and Miss Lizzie M. Gibbs. daughter
OF ex-governor Gibbs, were married
at the residence of the brides moth
er in Portland, last Wednesday, by
Rev. Alfred Krnmmer. The captain, !,
with his estimable bride, has returned
to this city.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1888-12-16


down on the Siuslsw. In one case q
suit to recover money was tried b e.
fore jury, argued and submitte d,
and it was clear the Jury would
find for the plaintiff. But the
jury, not being entirely satisfied,
concluded to open the case
again on its own account. So with
out the knowledge Of the judge, more
witnesses were called in and examined
for the defense, and q verdict was
rendered for the plaintiff. but only
for sufficient amount to cover the
costs. The plaintiff objected to the
verdict on the ground OF illegally,
but the jury explained that they were
there to secure Justice and that was
what they intended to do.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1888-12-16

1t will be seen from an article on
the first page of this issue, contrib
uted to the San Francisco Bulletin
by Professor Harkness, that the state
Of the salmon fisheries in California
is desperate. Whatever may be the
future history of the salmon industry
on the Columbia and other rivers OF
this state, review of the salmon
fisheries in California and the COM
ments Of scientific men thereon is a
matter of interest to us here, and for
that reason the article referred to Is
given publication.