Waterbury evening Democrat., 1888-08-11
BANDANA 'kERCHlEFS.

How They Arc Made and PE2ntsa sm tA0
 Great Scotch Factories.
 All bandana handkerchiefs, which useA to be imported from India in considerable quantities in the end of the last and begin ming of the present century, and sn esssn- tial part of the equipment of tho nan SS fashion, were long puzzAN to tho pziBtS1S and dyers of Great Britain, sAys tho 4eA- erdasher. They were of silk, and bore wAiAA spots on a uniformly dyed red ground. TAA spots were produced by tying up the cloth at those parts so tightly that when tho handkerchief was dipped into tho dye the latter could not penetrate the protected parts. When the cloth was dyed cad $k0 ty1ngs loosed the white spots relieved %hsR- selves.
 Many attempts were made in Crest BsAt- ain to initiate this product of Indian induatsy. but with little success until Ahous shs ysss 1911, when M. Kechiin invented the "Aiss charge process" of figuring dyed oAsa& This beautiful discovery was aS onoe NAaDA ed by Messrs. Monteith & O., of GlaaGpw, and so successfully worked as to pr@@&0@ goods exceeding in beauty the faKous ba@s danas of India. Several other Glsseow firms turned their attention to the produo- tion of bandanas, and the city and itA neighborhood has since enjoyed almost monopoly of this branch of manufacture.
  of uniform color-most commonly Hed or blue-and dozen pieces arc laid one oveP another and wound upon roller. This roller is placed on bearings behind q press of R0- culiar construction. The preRs consists of a bed-plste mounted on hydraulic gear, and an upper plate or "platen." The pHiAt- ing, if we may so call 1t, is done by means of two stout plates of lead, fixed to the up- per and lower plates of tho press respeoth lively. If design is to consist of, say, white spots on the colored ground. the exposed surfaces of the lead plates have cut into them . series oe Impressions corresponding to tho sise ana number of the spots desired. These have to be accurately placed, SO that when the two plates are brought together the depraA- sions of ono shall fall exactly over those iA the other. All being ready, the pressmsn takes hold of the end of tho twelve-Sold Woh of cloth and lays it on the lower plate; tA0 plates are then brought together with pressure of two or three hundred tons. 1e will be noted that now the whole body ee the cloth is tightly pinched except th0ss parts which como between the depressioRs in the plates. Communicating with each ef these depressions are openings through tAo upper plate, and channels leading thsresa. When the pressure is fully on, Q tsp S opened and stream bleaching lqu1A flows along the channels in the upper plsAs and finds its way by the aperture to AhA cloth, through which it passes and makes ia@ exit by the opening in the depressieuS iM the lower plate. To quicken the action ef the liquid and cause 1t to penetrate ths es- posed parts of the cloth thoroughly, fsres pump is employed. As the iquia pssses through the cloth 1t dissolvss tho coanoo- tion between the merdant and the c0lsriAR matter, and carries on the latter. leaving the part it has come into contact with pure. ly white. A press attended by ono man is capable of producing seven hundred hand kerchiefs per day. There is no limit to tha variety of forms that may be given to AAs cleared spaces, and many beautiful effects are produced by printing various celoEs into these. The effect of the adoption ef this process of producing bandanss was (ia need scarcely be said) to reduce their coss enormously and consequently bring them into greater extended use.