The state chronicle., 1888-10-19
NANCE'S GREAT SPEECH.
lie DISCUSSES ND DISSECTS THE
SENATE BILL.
Stnutor Vance shows that the Senate
BiI - Fgamed in the Interest of the
Protected industries.

Stnntor Vance shows that the Senate
lsil - Flamed in the Interest of the
Protected Industries.
senator Vance opened the discussion in
the Senate upon the question of Tariff Re
.H ION The CHRONICLE believes that
avrry voter in the State ought to give it
sr. fu peruSal and therefore we give il in
mi t. our readers.
senator Vance said:
Mr. President: During the excitement
IF aivll war there was class of our fell
Eaw citizens whose thoughts We're directed
10 the main chance. Whilst others fought
aud -rticed to maintain the integrity Of
the nlJn, this class improved the Oppor-
tanirv 10 secure a Federal system of taxa
tlou y lcn made them. participants in all
,. IL results During all the turmoil and
5al fusion which followed in the wake Of
Var they steadily improved the shining
aaurs 70 enlarge their share in this taxa
-1a1. whilst the attention of men more i'm
.>.ve or patriotic was directed toward
a,uer things. In this way they finally
succeeded in establishing a partnership
Nj tile Government in the great and lu-
y.arive business of taxing the people.
mike most modern business firms the
5t.aHunt of its capital was not fixed, being
all hat they could get: nor was its terms
to~~ible article known to human want
tae terms of the partners inter sese were
that the government should enact the law
slhjectlng the products in use by the peo-
Tile TO a certain rate of taxation which
come into our ports from foreign coun-
tries. and the other partners were to levy
tu-lr Jaxrs upon all domestic products OF
character under the protection CT
the government tax By this means the
i Il,
c,lle from abroad and the other partners
made at home, so that nothing escaped
InaSmgch aS the home products exceed
ei he foreign by at least six to one, these
partners Of the government received III
Nes about five dollars where the govern
mant received bat one. And il is noticea-
aa lh ID the zeal Of the partners has from
t.-2 10 time stimulated the government 10
l.-- l>e he taxes upon ali articles which
contributed most To swell their galu~ with
Ls-t. or no e rard to the gains of the pub
.e Treasury. ~ Such an extent was this
rr.-.; that they and their friends came
ta ne u forget altogether that there was
Il -c.rtrnnent TO be supported, and to re
-.tFi the taxing power as having been
created expressly for the purpose Of con
rrr.riug to their wealth. Their literature
$, ~ OF nothing else. remembered moth
Iag ~e, >rroye tgr nothing else.
..I5lt the best laid schemes of mice a1d
MEN at length 20 astray
A9 the country emerged slowly and la
ta- tU>ly from the extravaganza and eX-
.-rIture of state Of war, and economy
a.I public virtue once more came back
under he auspices Of a Democratic ad
n -tration; and as in spite of all, the
wealth OF the people continued TO grow
v..h returning peace 1t finally appeared
that the one-siNth dollar Of this taxation
Z hn D1a,1t
tq4ud itself III possession of more than 1t
Hud properly and wisely use. The Presi-
tea, OF the United States announced this
ro5he country. showing the Injury which
i d.d BY locking up so great a sum of the
peoples money, thus withholding it from
Tie necessities of trade and commerce, and
portrayiug wildly the dangers which It
threatened. not only TO all financial inter
e.tS but 10 the public morals as well. So
irresistible was the logic Of the situation
rhst the Republican party. the authors
aai advocates Of this unhOly and lnlqul
taa, system Cf taxation Of the many for
Tie benefit of the few, reluctantly admitted
the necessity for reducing the taxes which
produced this surplus.
Both parties then being agreed as to the
necessity Of reduction, the question arose
how ard upon what things that reduction
should be made. Common sense and com
made upon those things here the Unequal
tiles We're greatest and where the relief TO
the people would be greatest, to wit. upon
the QeceeSarieS of life in greatest use by
The most people To understand the stu
arlDn it is necessary to consider, first the
chief sources Of our federal taxation, and
tie proportion of revenue yielded by each
Ta5> revenue is derived as follows:
Custom duties ESTIMATED for -.
Iu-eruai taxes estimated for
Miscellaneous sources ~ 80, 900 600
Total, .........-....-..... s3s3, 100000
Now let Us analyze the first two. The
Internal taxes yield pure revenue to the
government minus about per cent, the
cost Of collection. OF the customs taxes
the greatest single item is that of sugar
and mOIaSses The duty derived from
these III the last fical year was in round
numbers $50, ,00O, 900. AS nine out of
every ten pounds consumed i'll the United
N-eles comes from abroad, the duty recelv-
,f fheretrom was nlne-tenths pure reve-
iue. That is to say tn. the government
- eived g. whilst its partners IN the tax
isg business received only 81 so 1t may
b. said Of in-plate yielding s., 700, 900,
.tsd nj the few unimpOrtant items when
n. remain upon the dttiable list. as Zante
entrants, manila jute, and other textile
substances. which are the exclusive growth
or production Of foreign countries. The
dltv On them is pure revenue.
On the contrary, the duty on the remain
lug portion of the customs schedules are
for he greater part pro- oection- the aver
aye being about 50 tax for the manufac-
'Irer9 and 81 revenue for the government.
Indeed on many leading articles of com
ID q necessity the duty is pure protection,
I'll! ali goes to the manufacturer and
none. or next to none, to the government:
Now, in reducing the taxes which yleid
revenue to the government, decent re-
gard for either the government or the peo-
pie who consume the articles and pay the
tax would require that, to say the very
least, one part Of the reduction should
e3me from those things which yield pure
pc nt arly pure revenue. and the other part
f IN those things which yield pure or
nearly pure protection Equity would
every where prescribe that the contribution
levied upon a firm should be upon each
Of he partners in proportion to his inter
cst or the amount of his stock, as the case
may be- No court of conscience upon
earth would decree otherwise.
Therefore in accordance with this Just