davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

cate, L think, quite concluslvely two
things: First. our high tariff has most
diSa>trouSiy lnterfcrcd with and retarded
the general growth of wealth. Second,
overwhelming as Is the evidence that
this Is true, il Is even more emphatic
and decisive that while all classes, eX-
cept a favored few, deeply suffer, there
Ii no fair or equitable distribution of
wealth which Is created, aud it is the
great farming community which has
borne the heaviest burden and sustained
the greatest loss.
In all other countries and In all
other times that por,iofi of society
directly engaged in agriculture has sunk
into scrfd0m, ignorance, poverty,
wretchcdnesS and contempt. Is the
American farmer to 90 the same way?
The loss of wealth is the first step,
aud that viii inevitably be followed
not only with the loss of the comforts,
Injuries, elegancics of life, but with the
loss of education, Influence, power
Twenty-Five Years ago farmers owned
half the wealth of the country: To-
day they own but a quarter, and their
influence i'll the making of laws and
all public affairs is waning as rapidly
as the increase of their wealth. 1t Is
high time they should look at things as
they are. If they continue to shut their
eyes TO the awful spoliation they suffer
under the name of "protcctlon,' they
Will richly deserve the contemptuous
opinion expressed by one of the wisest
men of ancient times" How can ne
get wisdom that holdeth the plow, and
that glorieth in the goad, that driveth
the oxen and is occupied in their labors,
and whose talk is of bullocks ? lie
ciVcth his mind 10 make burrows. ana
Is diligeut to give the kline fodder"
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
THE HOME MARKET.
An Extract From a Pamphlet Nv
Graham Nc Adam Showing What
the Home MarLpt~Cosfs-

The lone market argument is the
r'Ain reliance of the Protectionist in
deaiing with the relations of the pro-
tective tariff 10 agriculture. Put into
Its strongest form, il runs about Thus.
Here, let us say, is a farmer. Localized
on hit OF land a hundred miles away
lroia the nearest city. That city is his
nlarnet. There are farmers all about
him; he can not sell to either his staole
products, or the occasional surplus of
ir'nt or garden stuff which unusually
gs9od seasons may bring upon Lis hands.
lie must carry everything 10 the CIV
The cost of transportation is SO much
taken from his profits. And in the
case OF his perishable garden products,
ne VIII lind that when he has sent
them over a hundred mile road and
tom them in competition with the
farmer who has but ten miles to 20.
carriage 1henccforth he will feed his
summer apples to the hogs. and let
his iackberrics dry up Oh the bushes,
Here steps in the Protectionist. There
Is IN TINS region, say, stream capable
OF abundant water power. Let us
put up wooden mill here,' urges the
froteetlonist; let us agree TO pay
solne1iLling more than we now pay for
WOODEN staiis, and Sc make it an OBJ
Icct for some one to come here and
start mandatory. Hundreds of hands
WIZ he employed; the railway will be
put through We viii build up q town
right in the midst of our farms, and
have a market at our very doors. Good
prices for everything, and ready sale
for the summer apples and blackberrieS
the eggs, the chickens, the green corn
ana The cnFrants which the thrifty
wife may have to spare
u Is done. The mill is built "A the
railway i iald: the town grows IN.
Aud the larmer--What of him ? Strange
u say, We presently find aim pulling IN
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
VAsMEas SHOULD vsTE E0a GlIyflsKo.

Protechonists insist that the farmer
has in the Home Market ample coin
pensaton for the burdens of the tariff.
The Hon. William l.. Scott, in his
address. the tariff. thus shows how
the tariff effects the farmer:
Mr.. Chairman, in my opinion upon no
class of our people do the present fiscal
burdens of our country bear so heavily
a. upou the farming class. H. is not
IN the power of the Government. by any
policy that can be adopted, to protect
the farmer in what he raises and has to
sell; but the Government en- not inn
poverish and virtually pauper,ze him
and his family by not only imposing i
high duty upon everything he consumes.
which Is or may be imported but also
by prohibtory duties upon commodities
made IN this country and Necessary to
his comfort. which place it In the power
OF the home manufactures. by cOmpI-
nations and trusts, TO charge what he
pleases for his wares. What a mocl5crY
of protection the Republican tariff of
SS3 is for the farmer. In a speech
made by the gentleman from Michigan
Mr.. Burrows, referring to the advan-
tages that the protection theory gave
the farmer. he used the following IAN
Guagc:
Among the advantages conferred upon the
farnrr by our protective IA II. is that
derived from a direct protection to the
producers of his farm and u" industries
incident thereto. as shown ey the following
table:
DIFFERING to the duties upon farm
products under the existing tariff:
Beef and pork. cent per pound: hams
and bacon. cents per pound; butter.
cents per pound; lard. cents per
pound, cheese, cents per pound
wheat 20 cents per bushei; oats. 10
cents per bushel: coin 10 cents
per bushel: rye. - cents per
bushel: hive animals, 20 per cent ad
valorem; wheat flour, 30 per cent. ad
valorem corn meal. o cents per bushel.
/ claim, sir. that not an article named
In the foregoing schedule would he i'm
ported in this country in competition
with the American farmer. if thew were
all upon the free list, with the exception
of wheat, which could only come from
Canada. and if every bushel of wheat
riised in Canada should be sold in the
United States. il would not affect the
price of the American wheat one tenth
ol one per cent. per bushel iapphusel but
the country would be the gamer if it
were sold here. so far. at least, as the
cost of transportation and commissions
for storage and selling accrued to our
nome price OF our wheat. corn.ss beef,
railroad and commission men. Thew
home price Of our wheat corn beef
pork, butter. lard and cheese. and of o Il
the products Of the farm, rrT.l eel IN
excess OF home consumption and which
have to he exported TO Europe to find "A
market is determined BY the price of
the commodity in the markets of the
world. plus the cost Of transportation.
will also avail myself. If portion
of the tables admitted in the speech OF
the gentleman from Michigan mir. Bur
rowsl in relation to the farm products
of this country. and the quantities ex-
ported. for the fiscal year OF 1ss6-1ss7.
8s follows:
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

per cent. increase in Q year; but with r.
sum locked up In the Treas ury durl ~.
last twelve months in addition to MaH,,
there year ago. the increase of n1ouev !,
circulation in trade channels would hs..
leen Si07. 16s. 912, or nearly s per csat.
OF the 1896, ZOE. s3S Of gold coin In N.
United States the sum of 500, 635, 9Sa ~.
held in the Treasury at the end of june. H.
addition to sll0, lie, 633 gold bullion. This
puts the Treasury stock of gold at t3l3. "A
6l7. against $500. 565, So in banks and in IL
hands OF the people.
OF $500, 1924, $40 in standard silver dollar,in
the United States, June 80, ult.. $243, S7g
4S1 was the sum in the Treasury, in add,tion
to y. la, TAI in the form of bullion.
The stock Of standard gold and silver coins
IN active circulation was $449, OIL 907, and
the stock In the Treasury was s547. SIG, Al.
total of 1896. 52S. 37S. besides Q Treasury stock
of STA. 259, 364 worth OF gold and silver bull.
lion. This makes the stock of the precioua
metals in money channels, coined and =.
coined, 81, 100, 7S7, 742.
The stock of gold and siver certificate.
afloat was $3.50, 274, z 5, which represent that
amount OF gold and silver held against them
in reserve by the Treasury.
There were S30S, 697, SIP legal tender notes
afioat, and $50, 1896, 204 in the Treasury; but
against the latter there were $l4, AS, 200
legal tender certificates in circulation Also
against the legal tender circulation there
was reserve Of $l00, 000, 600 gold held BY
the Treasury.
The money res 0..es held by the Treasury
against Treasury currency in the form 81
certificates and greenbacks was $444, $50, 600
gold.
The following statement shows the Iatsst
amounts of the various forms Of currency in
= - a.A.a 49,
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
Expectation.

Why the tariff Of l $50 did not contain
. duty upon the importation of cotton
into this country do not understand;
for most assuTedly. sir. if the duties
provided for under the tariff of 1883
gave protection to the products of the
Northern farmer. the same theory ought
TO have given IL to the cotton planter
of the South at least 1t would be Just rs
consistent, practically applied, when We
consider the expectations of the farm
products of the whole country.
Ii the products OF our farms could
have been sold at home for the ono
fhrtysecond part OF one per cent. more
than the export price, not one pound
would have gone abroad: and every
pound consumed at home would have
been exported if it had commanded
abroad one-hak of one per cent. in value
more than the home price; for the home
price is governed by the price the sur
plus exported will command in the for
eign markets. One of the strong argu-
meuts that the protectionist makes to the
farmer is the home market that protec-
ton is alleged to insure for his produce
1t is fallacy and IA fraud, and intell-
gent farmers will not Zoe longer deceived
hytit ,..
Let US take, say, the Edgar Thomas
fennsylvan Railroad. ten miles sn east asst
from Pittsburgh. and 47S miles from
Chicago. employing large number of
men. Contiguous to these works lives
an industrious farmer with u. hundrcd
acres of land His products consist of
wheat, corn, oats. hay, hogs, and cattle
His proximity to these extensive works,
where his surplus produce could be de-
hvered in an hour, and where thousands
of hungry mouths are ready to consume
il. surely gives him an advantageous
market, according to the proteetionists
theory. But let us see let us take one
If the products of the farm as an ex-
ample of tho others, for they all come
under the same law of supply and de-
mand and price. The man in the iron
works can not eat wheat; it must first
he reduced to f1Our 81 the farmer takes
a load of thirty three and one third BUSH
els OF wheat, Just ton, to the miller,
who is also on the railroad and near the
steel works
Now, let US see what controls the mil
Ter In making a price to the farmer:
first. self interest, to purchase it as cheap
as he can; setsnd, to buy the farmers
wheat at price, which after being
ground into -four, will enable him to sell
it to the mill men in competition with
Hour sold by the groceryman ut the corner
which has been manufactured at st. Paul
OF Minneapolis, MINI. leaving him the
miller margin of profit for grinding
and his labor. Surely the miller cannot
pay the farmer any more for his wheat
because 1t was raised on land adjoining
the steel works; he can oniy pay what
he would pay for the same quality of
wheat in the Chicago market, plus the
Cost OF transportation 10 his mil. The
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
THE FARMERS WEALTH.
How the Tariff Fiiches II From Them
And Transiers IL to the Mannfac-


The Hon. ]. Q. Smith. farmer and
wool grower, OF Oakland, Ohio. delivered
in 1885 very valuable and instructive
address on farmers and the tariff. The
following extracts are mighty, interest
ing reading for those who imagine farm
ers are growing rich under the protective
tariff
l have demonstrated, / think, that to
those directly engaged i'll agricultural
pursuits the total increased price OF all
heir pred cts IN consequence Of the tariff
can not possibly exceed 81 ), 900, 900. The
total sum Is probably far less. But if
the above figures are correct and my rea-
Soning is sound--as | am confident it, is
the cost of the tariff TO farmers alone,
in the purchnse of American manuiae-
tured goods aside from all duties paid
to the GOvernmcntl, can not be less than
$3.50, 600, 900 "a year. That is the inside
figure and deducting from that sum ev-
cry possible cent OF advantage they get
from protective duties-namely, So
900, 900. it will leave as the net cost of
the tariff to those who are directly en-
gagged in agricultural pursuits the sum
OF s345, 900, 900 n year; and To all other
Glasses who are in reality and effect,
though DOT farmers. engaged in agricul
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
AMERICAN vs.. BRITISH DRESS
GOODS.
Relative Cost of Production-AC Com
parison Favorable to American
Manufacturers The Duties On
Wool a Serious Hindrance.

Relative Cost of Production-AC Com
parison Favorable to American
Manuiacturers The Duties On
Wool a Serious 8Iindrance.
Consul Schoeuhof has recently furnished
tho state Department with an elaborate re-
port upon the cost of manufacturing all
wool dress goods in Massachusetts and En-
gland. lie says;
Few lines of manufacture are SO compli-
cnted as woolens. We have allwool goods
and mixed goods: goods of cotton warp and
all wool-weft; cotton-warp, shoddy and
wool welt; goods of shoddy and wool, with
out cotton; goods made almost entirely OF
what the poor people aptlv call devils
dust, with just a scratching OF wool to hold
the shoddy from flying away, but passing
under the pretentlous name OF woolens, all
wool goods, with cotton carded in the wool;
heavy weight and light weight goods; goods
with a labor-cos of three times the value OK
the wool and goods where less than one
third OF the value of the wool represents tho
lator cost Besides all these variations,
we have worsteds. which, although CHASED
separately, are composed of the same raw ma
terial but form different class under which
manufactured wool appears in the market
Comparisons on a broad line. under a gen
eral heading, az in our census under wool
ems or 'worsteds, are, therefore, mpossi-
ble unless we could TO sure that foreign
census reports contained the same itemizod
columns and the classifications contained
quantitatively and qualitatively the same
goods and in like proportions. The only
method, then, would be TO select special
articles of wide and general use, manufac
tured in different countries from the same
class Of raw material, and base An inquiry
thereon. This plan | have followed in this
inquiry, and have selected as the first Of q
number of articles of wool manufactures
all-wool dress goods on which to obtain the
4, t<nfxN nm,
Crusul Schoenhof then selects the class Of
goods known as sackings, as these offer in
stances Of where the working methods in the
two countries are nearest alike. He presents
a lengthy statement of particulars from an
American mill and two statements from
English mills, referring to differences in con-
dirions, etc, in the course Of his remarks.
In recapitulating, he says, the net cost OF
manufacture in Massachusetts, and Leeds
would be as follows:
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

consider TO he "a proper principle of
action, but II L had my way about it. I
would put the manufacturers of Penn
syiVama under the fire and fry all the
lat out OF them. If the Mills Bill
comes to the Senate, there will he some
votes cast there that viii open the
eyes of some of these people, who have,
while gathering their millions, treated
the Repu bIcan party as their humble
servant
These are strong words, and bitter.
but they are true, and it now remains
with you and your associates whether
they are to be reiterated after the cam
faign is over, and protection has, throug Oh
your apathy, been struck its death blow.
Ii you give us the means to win the
victory we will do it Are you willing?
Yours very truly,
JAMES r FOSTER. President.
Please return to Albert Daggett, 81
New street, Room J. 2, New York.
SUBSCRIPTIONS
For The
REPUBLICAN LEAGUE OF THE
UNITED STATES, HEADQUARr
TIERS, % WEST 2sTH
STREET. n. Y.
James P. Foster, President. New York; Phin.
cas- C. Lounsbury. Treasurer. President Mer-
chants Exchange Bank, s67 Broadway, New
York; Andrew B Humphrey, Secretary, New
Yo.k; Simon Wolf, Associate Treasurer Washing
III, ~. I.
street Brooklyn.
We hereby subscribe the sums set opposite our
respective names:
Edward II. Hobbs. 643 Park Place, Brooklyn. 500
Jesse johnson 70 Court street, Brooklyn. 100
Chas II. Russell, 29 South Ninth ST., Brooklyn 100
L. r. Kennedy. 20 Letferts Place. Brooklyn. SO
Howard NJ. Smith. 81 Hancock ST., brooklyn. So
Darwin r. James, $50 Thorp ave, Brooklyn. 100
VIM. H. Lyon 40 y. Y. avenue, Brooklyn. -. 1OO
Vim. Ray. 377 Grand avenue. Brooklyn... ~
b. r. Tracy. l45 Montague ST., Brooklyn..--.. 100
u II
b. B. Bartlett. .5j Gates ave, Brooklyn..... 100
T. L. Woodruff, 10 seventh ave, Brooklyn. -
Chauncey NJ. Depew. q. c. Depot, N Y.....- 200
j. y. 7. S.ranaban, 269 Union ST.. Brooklyn. 100
w. H. Waring. 81 Liberty ST.. n. Y--....-.-... 100
C. n. Bliss liz Duane ST, n. I..............-- 5oV
Thos c. Plat New YORK ..................... 100
Nelson Gates $50 Green avenue, Brooklyn. 90
Warner Miller. Herkimer. n. Y............... 2oo
Joseph +. Knapp Brooklyn ........... 1890. 1tU
j. S Fassett Eimra ...,,.......... 49, 100
w. j. Dady. Brooklyn. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS lUU
VIM. NJ. Evarts, New York. lO
A. d. Baird. Brooklyn. .....-................ 100
W. H. Beard Brooklyn. Observation-Disclosures. ~
r. A Alger, Michigan ................--...-..5 500
T. StOckbridge Michigan .--............. 100
b. G. Clarke, 81 Wall street. New York. 500. 100
John +. Plummer, $50 Broadway, New York. 1O0
Ira Davenport. Bath, n. Neutrality-suspicious. 100
w. S. Gurnee, Nassau street, New York 2Q0
NJ. c. d. Borden. III Duane st., New York. 200
Joseph II. Carr, Troy, N. Y.............. 50
Hugh n. Camp, 81 Liberty street.. New York. SO
j. Stickney, Broadway, New York. 100
Earl & Wilson, Troy, n. w.. -.......... 400
Charles Foster. Ohio .,............... 100
G. We herbee, Windsor Hotel New York. Is
John "A. coon, Troy, N Y...........-........ %
c. J. Marssn, New York. ............ ......... %
u. Z. Ide d Co.. Troy. n. f..........-. ...-. wv
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

The manufacturing cost is thirty-three
cents in America, against thirty. eight cents
in England, cents less in America: but
the wool costs thirty eight cents more in
America, in part ON account Of the wool
duties. In other words. II we had the wool
at the same cost OF the English, We could
produce at 64.3l cents what it costs in En-
gland $3.50 cents to produce. Our woods, Of
course, sell at as much higher rates over
foreign WOODS than the duty and charges
amount to- The cheaper the foreign woods
the greater the disproportion between our
price and the foreign wool price The woods
used in England-cheap colonial clothing
wool-though very short. are admirably
adapted to that class Of goods. They give a
much handsomer face, Snd have Q luster
and life which ours seldom show. Most
OF them arc even Of smaller shriukage than
ours Of corresponding nature. Some of them,
however, as the woods used by the manufac-
ture c, are absolutely prohibited. There
the wool costs eleven cents in the grease, but
the manufacturer importing the wool has to
pay fine at the custom house OF ten cents,
not alone for the wool he uses, but ten cents
for each pound Of grease and dirt, which he
has to import along with the wool, and is
lost in the securing; consequently four
pounds Of wool. as in exhibit c, are required
to produce one pound OF cloth 4xl0, or forty
cents on 1876 cents worth OF wool.
"A wool Of this sort would cost the Ameri-
can manufacturer fully eleven and half
cents more per pound of greasy wool, ~ not
alone the duty but also the extra freight and
charges, brokerage commissions, etc., have
to be counted, SO that the forty four csnts
in the four pounds required for pound Of
cloth would cost him 30 cents, or los per
cent. more than the English manufacturer
has to pay. Our custom house statistics only
show the rates paid ON what is imported and
never on what was excluded by prohibitivs
duties. The excluded materials are those
which make the success or failure OF manu.
featuring. The excluded materials, on the
contrary, however, always find way into
the United States in the form Of manufac-
tured goods.
tages or disadvantages in regard to the ulti-
mate result in the character. quality or ap-
pearance of the goods, one thing Is certain,
that SO far Is the cheapening of price 10 con-
cerncd our manufacturing system seems to
have the honors.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
What the Tariff Cesss.

W no 49, = 49, SOoS0e
(H. A. Herbert. Of Alabama, Apsl - 1oD1&s2
have prepared table based On tie 01oLU
for 1850. take that year bscanss ~ -
the exact amounts Of products givsa 49,
the manufacturers themselves. Thsa Ill;
from the reports the amounts expe1 q
Deducting these exports from Tie ansd1
manufactured, We bavs the amouaes e.
sumsd at homo. Then I get from IL 0ovaF
ment reports the average I'd velorem Fq
ON each clao of manufacture. ! taks g.
fifths Of this rate a. representing the tncrq
of price, which, according to ths fSisn661
the present system, the naanQfaceursrs o
compelled TO have IN erSisr 70 live, and -
l arrive at the result.
amounts tho tariff compels Amssi
consumers 10 pay On each
the following classes Of goods. accord
ing to the returns Of tn oodsus a 16oo. 2
the hypothesis that manufacturers woula e.
undersold IL present duties should b rsdun1
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

Democrats: We'propose to revise the
tariff, reduce the taxes on necessaries Of
life, and make wool, salt and lumber
free.
REPUBLICANS: We FAVOR rax ENTIRE REPEAL. OF
THE INTERNAL REVENUE LAWS RATHER THAN SUR
RENDER ANY PART OF OUR PROTECTIVE SYSTEM.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

Democrats: Give the builders free
laths and free shingles.
kEPrBLIcAss: GIVE rnr Bun4pxAs FRsE wills
Ky.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21

Total silver S2iS Or elS Ss2a i5Ol76 sal5 4Gs -
Totel ~ Ii and -
siher...:..: SSi.7's.sss Sas.4sasss Ass.ssse
Certi ates 80 \
against spe-
c0-
Goia issued. ..s1le, OBJ $50 Sl277A.75i sln, SeAA.
Gold en- nand. 22.l3s,7S0 3l,0i0,ys4 @96l,&
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1888-09-21
The PubIic STRONGHOLD.

The Public Btr0ng.B0x.
The following is comparative analysiso Z
the position of the United States Treas1rtjj
at the close of the fiscal years 1858 and lei,
and of the half-year 1887. showing the f
Of assets and liabilities and the net oaS
plus at those dates: II
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1888-10-05

How easy it is in Russia 10 get a high
officials signature to any sort Of a docu-
ment may be illustrated by an anecdote
that I have every reason to believe is alb
s~olutely true. A 'stola nachalnik," or
head of o bureau, In the provincial I'D
ministEasss2Y 81 X9b9laki whils Roasdng
6he day about Ills power 70 shape and
direct governmental action, made a
wager with another chinovnik that he
could get the governor Of tho province
the late governor Lissogorski-to sign a
manuscript copy OF the Lma's Prayer.
He wrote the prayer out In he form Of
an official document on o sheet Of stamp
proper seal to it AND handed it to the
governor with a pile Of other papers
which required signature He won his
wager. The governor duly signed the
Lords Prayer, and it was probably as
harmless an official document o. over
came out Of his ofica--Gaorge Kennan
In The Century.