davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
SWISS FARMING.
fard Work to Get Crops and So
Butter and Cheese Arc
the Products,

From the extreme elevation and
rieor Of the climate one.fourth or the
country is rendered useless, Good
arab'e land is very limited and COM
mands $500 per acre, while the choice
vineyard lands range from $1,000 to
$4,000 per acre, every square foot Of
which is reckoned to produce annually
Two bottles Of wine. From the low
lands three grass crops are obtained
yearly, in May, July and October.
Stock is not permitted to pasture in
open fields, the grass being mown and
fed to the animals throughout the
summer, as an economy. This rapid
grass growth is, aside from the con-
slant fertillzlng and extraordinary care
In cultivation and draining, ASST ,ted by
the moist climate, the average rainfall,
including snow being eighty inches
every year-about double that OF the
United States.
Then the peasant must apply the
highest order OF intelligence and good
management to secure productive re-
suits from his little farm. The hap
hazard guess-work and go-as-you.
please methods would soon bring him
to starvation. He Is an eminently con.
servative purchaser his economy is dis
cerning, and he does not take readily
to new idas that do not assure hm q
better result for his hard.earned money.
While the land IS cut up into such
small divisions that 1t has the cultiva-
tion Of a garden, it Is on too small q
scale and labor is too cheap to justify
any outlet in modern agricultural i'm.
plements; for cutting, threshlng and
winnoWng purposes the scythe, fail
sand winnowing basket are used; the
scythe is apparently an exact counter
part of that which is seen in the hands
OF ''Time" in the school primer; the
plow would adorn an archaeological col
lection, and iustead Of the narrow or
cultivator after the ground is piowed,
3 number of women and children,
armed with clubs, 90 over it and pul.
verize Ike surface.
But attention Of the Swiss peasant
is not so much directed to agriculture
iu the American sense as to the rearing
of cattle and the produce of the dairy
tending kline and making cheese. No
ono fails to observe the eaffectionate care
and gentleness with which ( the herds
man treats his ANIMALS, ard thel SUI
perior condition and kindly dispositions
bear ample testimony to the fact. In
the spring it Is pretty sight to see the
groups Of cows with tinkling bells start
for the mountains, where they will
browse and shake their mellow bells
upon the green Alps. The queen cow
leeds the procession; she wears a finer
collar and larger bell than the others,
and seems proudly conscious Of the dis
junction she enjoys, and also Of the way
she is to 60.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Cities OF tho Future.

Some years ago was In the heart OF
China, where learned some lessons in
regard to the development OF empires.
Given homogeneouspeople, speaking
the same language, bound together by
the ties Of commerce., and young great
cities will be In the interior rather
than on the seaboard. for the reason
that the domestic, commerce OF q
nation far exceeds Its foreign trade.
China is dotted over with great cities
Of which we know very little. How
many Of your readers ever heard Of
Soochow, with 2,0o9O0O people, or
Wauchang, with nearly as manyP or a
score Of cities containing $1,000?
You see the same process going on in
this country. Chicago, st. Louis,
Cincinnati, Plttsburg, Rochester,
Buffalo. Cleveland, Milwaukee, St.
Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth, Kansas
City, Omaha, Denver, Atlanta, Rioh-
mond, Chattanooga. 81,
A century hence the republic will be
aprinkled with great centers of trade.
The Atlantic seaboard will have It's
chain OF cltles-Boston, New York,
Philadelphia, Baltimore. Norfolk,
Charleston and Savannah. New York.
hy its position. itS relations with
Europe ON ths one hand, and the
interior on the other. bids fair to
wrench the scepter from London, and
become the worlds banking house.
Quite likely it may always maintain Its
supremacy as the metropolis Of the re-.
public, and by and by become the chief
city Of the world. That Chicago is to
stand next IN rank seems to, me to Le a
certainty. rather than probability.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
BEARDED BEAUTIES.
Women With Htrsute Appendages
Who We're Known tho World
Over.

Bearded women have always attract
ed considerable public attention in
France. and some interest therefore at
taches to the fact that the doyenne. or
eldest member or what may be called
the galaxy Of Gallo femmes barbe, -
has just departed this life In little vii
lage In the Pyreneau department. Of the
Arlege. She hal exhibited herself at
fairs for the space of sixty years, and
was supposed to be the woman who in
spired the celebrated cafe.concert re-
frain Of Theresa. "C'est moi qui suis la
femme barbel" Her. early successes
caused legion of imitators to spring
up. and women with boards and
whiskers were sought after everywhere
by speculative Barnums with as much
energy as was displayed by the agen Is
OF Frederick the Great in their hunts
for giants who were to be enrolled in
the Royal Guards The lady from the
department. Of the Arieye, however,
long held her own, because she was a
genuine article, while many of her
rivals were unmitigated frauds, who
were popularity supposed to have either
false whiskers or to have cultivated dill
gently their originally slender hirsute
"ppendage with artful unguents, There
ore she amassed little fortune, on
which she lived in comfort in her ma
tive village for the past few years.
Nowadays ParlsIans. and even provln-
cials, have become rather tired of beard.
"a "beauties''---there have been too
many OF them. One OF the most re-
markable femmes barbe of recent
years was an Alastian called Ella Belle
Catherine" who used to make capital
not only out of her bsard, but out of the
conquest Of Alsace. She was wont to
say to her visitors In Franco German
jargon: "Meissieurs ct mesdames, chat
suis femme barbe ct chai obte mot
opte) pour Ia France" Catharine was
also considerable giantess, and was in
the habit Of calling the attention of
spectators to the smallness Of hor ankle
as contrasted with the glrth and vast
ness Of her body. There is a curious
story told Of another bearded woman
named Jacquelin Doublin, who fell in
love with an actor. She had seen HIM
In the Chatelet theater one night, and
from that moment she only exhibited
herself during the day &
came she put on male attire and re.3
paired to the theater, where she con-
tented herself with looking on and ap-
plaud'ng the man Of her choice, One
night she was recognized, and the peo-
pie laughed at her, 80 she rushed Off to
the barber's and had her beard shaved
and her face we'll powdered. Neverthe-
less, she was again recognized In the
theater and was heartily hooted by
cruel crowd. In despair Jacquclin
went homo and died Of a broken heart.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
a Trick OF Oriental Servants.

A lady in Brooklyn has just had 9
singular experience. She engaged a
Japanese servant TO do up stairs work
He appeared In the afternoon, was al
bows and smiles. and at dinner tina
evening waited on the table in excel
lent style. The lady thought she
had a jewel Of % servant. After dinntl
he requisite d to be allowed to go to New
York to see about some clothes. He
went, and that was the last seen Of ia.
No. /. She tried another with III,
same result. A third was tried Ii
stayed two days, and then left earl
one morning before breakfast. The
lady was nonplused over the matter.
She told friend who had been In San
Francisco the circumstances. THIS
friend said that housekeepers there had
found that when Chinese servant left
a place lie didn't like he would put
some mark, usually Of character so
slight as not to ba noticed, Oh the kitch-
en- wall. The next one, of course,
would see it, and thus learn what his
predecessor thought Of the place and
act accordingly. The first servant the
lady employed didn't like the situation
for some reason, and so left the place
and probably his mark. The others
saw it and left on account Of 1t. The
lady says she is through with orlenta,
seryants. tNtt
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
MARS AND.HIs MOONS.
Now Information Brought Us by the
Great Lick Observatory.

Whether life actually exists on Mars
must In all probability ever remain un-
known. Even If we could build tele.
scope as far surprising in power the
giant Of the Lick Observatory as that
great instrument does the ssoptlc tube''
Of Calico we should be little nearer to
solution Of the problem.
f. vastly increased interest was given
to observations Of Mars by Professor
Hall's discovery in 1887 OF two minute
satellites which revolved around the
planet and exhibited many remarkable
peculiarities In their motions.
These two satellites are the smallest
known bodies belonging to our solar
system If we except meteorites and pos.
slbly some Of the small asteroids. "A
direct measurement Of their dameters
Is quite impossible and their size can
only he estimated by the amount Of
light they reflect. The Otter satellite,
Deimos. has'by this method diameter
not much exceeding ten miles, while
the inner one, Phobos, is somewhat
larger. From the summit Of Mount
Hamilton Il marble In San Francisco
would appear to he about the same
size.
These minute satellites are beyond
range Of the most powerful telescopes.
except when Mars is in opposition or
nearest to the earth. The present op-
position Is by no means favorable one
as Mars Is nearly twice as far distant
as he was In 1887, and probably few
telescopes are capable Of showing the
satellites. In the great telescope Of the
Lick Observatory they are easily visi.
ble,and promise to remain so even when
the distance OF the planet has greatly
increased. The motions Of the satel.
lites form most interesting subject
for study.
Phobos revolves at a distance Of 3OOO
miles from the surface Of Mars In the
remarkably short time Of seven hours
and thirty.nine minutes, and thus may
be seen to pass from one side to the
other In tho course Of single evening.
In the telescope it can be seen to move.
Delmos, at three times the distance,
feVoves in thirty hours and eighteen
minutes. To an inhabitant Of Mars,
one OF these moons would rise In the
east and set in the west, with very
\ SLOW motion; the other would rise In
1 The west and set In the oast with, q. rap,
I'D motion, the two thus apparently
moving in opposite directions and pass
Ing each other in the sky. Many other
interesting consequences OF their mo.
tlons will occur to any one watching
the satellites circling around their prl-
mary.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Cough Preventing School.

A physicians advice, not to cough
when you want to cough, now being
circulated in the newspapers, is lie.
lieved to be sound by some who have
tried 1t. Mr.. Clark Bell, lawyer and
President Of the Medico-Iegal Society
of New York, has had some experience
In suppressing the tendency to cough,
which 1t is interesting to hear him re-
late. lie had constant irritation in
the throat and cough. Somebody
told him Of q teacher In the art of
show not to cough when you wanted
to-" ana to that teacher Mr.. Bell hied
without delay. Sure enough, pupils
with all brands attached 70 them, were
there to learn how to lay their bronch-
ial burdens down. Most of them were
men in the serious and learned profess
ions and pursuits Of life, and they act.
ed like awkward and shame-faced
school-boys, knowing that they were
there to learn so foolish, if not down.
right impossible thing as getting the
whip hand Of a cough without medicine.
Still, there were stories Of others who
had learned it, and these were the days
Of learning and doing new things, 80
they held themselves in readiness to
make rapid progress.
The teacher stood them in q row,
made them brace back their shoulders,
hold up their chins and draw in their
abdomens. This last was not easy of
accomplishment to some Of them, who
had previously allowed their abdomens
great license In the way Of develop.
ment and obtrusiveness; but they hero
ically made The attempt. When the
class was in order the teacher told
them to sing "Sweet Home.n Bat
they couldn't sing, some OF them said,
But they must, the teacher said.
Finally they squeaked away, and then
their throats began to cut up, The
teacher forbade any understanding or
coughing, but told them to draw in
long breath and hold 1t whenever they
were tempted to cough. After many
failures they succeeded,
They met in class three times week,
ana spent an hour in singing. Their
Chroa5 troubles soon retired under the
oVerpoWering IL not harmonious influ.
ence OF their vocalizaton.' They even
ilattered themselves that they became
pretty good singers. They were for.
oidden to cough or scour their tlroats
when OUT OF class. Mr.. Bell said there
were hours when he would have given
years income for the privilege of
Gearing away at his throat in the old.
time fashion. but he wouldn't yIeld 70
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Little Boy Blue.

The little toy dog is covered with dust.
But sturdy and stancb he stands,
And tho little toy soldier is red With rust,
And his inuskct molds in his hands.
Time was when tho little toy dog was new
And the soldier was passing fair,
And that was the time when our Little
Boy Blue
Kissed them and put them there.
"Now don't you 60 till come" he said.
"And don't you make any noisel''
SO trotting of to lis trnndle-bed
he dreamt Of the pretty toys.
And as he was dreaming an angel song
Awakened our Littlo Boy Blue
Oh, the years are many. the years are long,
But the little toy friends are true.
Aye, faithful to Little Boy Blue they stand.
Each In the same old place,
Awaiting the touch Of q little hand,
Tho smile Of little face.
And they wonder. as waiting these long
years through
In the dust Of that little chair,
What has become Of our Little BOY Blue
Since he kissed them and put them there.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Tho OEcnso OF lying.

President Eliot struck the right note
the other day when he characterized
lying as the one objectionable offense
which, the faculty OF Harvard would
not forgive, West Point has always
acted on this principle, and to such an
extent that the cadets themselves will
not wink at and condone the lie. They
are taught to expose the liar, under
the feeling that in their after lives in
the army, truth Is the only basis on
which they can live with one another
and administer discipline. Nor are
these the only institutions that are do.
termined to ostracize the lio. Rutgers
college not long ago actually expelled
student for the one offense of lying to
cover up his agency In the .perpetra-
tion Of college trick.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
A Specimen IIetter.

AS a specimen Of the letters that are
received by the Buffa'o Business Mems
association. the following will suffice:
Mr.. Secetary of Buffalo Business
Mems Association OF Buffalo, notice
your advertisement In regards to put
ting In Waiter power in nigeria River
and anne patient Right man
thought would drop you few lines
now IL you want a Butment I have a
plain drawing Out. how to put q But
ment In the river and have a plan how
to put the wheel in also. I think this
will be susces l am willing to 60 ana
put 1t in If you say SO I will come and
see you as soon as I here from you bop.
ing to here from you soon / remain
yours tIulley j P, am a
hot man.
His ardor has doubtless coole d ere
this. On'g two or three Of the entire
number Of correspondents have sub.
mitted detailed plans, the remainder
contenting themselves with the elabora.
ton Of theories and the presentation
Of bewlldering array Of technical
engineering terms and mathematical
formul@, which are incomprehensible
without drawings.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
"A Boston Doctor Sees a Ghost.

The following is one Of the ghost
stories which are floating about In the
general revival Of all things spookish.
The Esses are family as we'll known
as any going out Of Boston to the
North Shore, where they have beauti.
full summer home. Mrs. Ess, u charm.
ing and cultivated woman, died at
Hartford, where she had been staying
for short visit. On the day of her
death her family physician CHANGED to
call at the house at the seashOre to ask
for the health Of the absent lady. as lie
had heard Of her illness at Hartford.
lie was assured that she was better
and that letter received that morning
pronounced her out of danger. AS he
was leaving the house he saw Mrs. Ess
cross the lawn and enter the house by
a side door. She passed within q score
OF feet from HIM, but gave no sign OF
being aware Of his presence. lie re.
turned hastily to the house, but no one
had heard any one enter be the side
door, which, indeed, proved upon OK.
animation to be locked on the inside.
The telegraph soon brought news OF
the death Of Mrs. Ess, which had taken
place at that hour in Hartford.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Marriage Among tho Afunons.

Among the Afghans marriage is a
case Of purchasing the bride. a rich
Afghan n1arries early simply because he
can afford to pay for awife, while poor
one often remains single until middle
life on account of his inability to pur.
chase. IF tho husband dies and the
widow wishes to marry again, she or
her friends have to refund the purchase
money to the friends Of tho dead hus-
band. a common custom is for the
brother of the deceased to marry the
widow. No other person would think
OF wedding her without flrst asking this
brothers. consent.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Interview OH Matters OF state.

When Napoleon III was prince presi-
dent, one day the British ambassador,
Lord Normandy, particularly wanted
an interview on important business
with the president, aI was requested
by an aid-de'camp wait just long
enough to annoy visit. The
ambassador did and solemn
in countenane who had
fcopao TO stel Five
minutes passS grew
he 2tdghter In
the next room, s6sly raising
the hangings that the door, he
saw Mrs. Howard, Stanley, the
Vicomtesse Pauline 10 Contades, two
or three other ladies, the Duke of Cam
bridge and the prince president himself
playing at blind mans buff, the prince
being the blind man. Without word
Normandy advanced on tiptoe, the
others keeping silence most dlscreetly,
and tapped the presidential hand. "Ohl
this time I've caught you; its Pauline!"
exclaimed Louis. and pulling off the
h andkerchief, stood confronted with the
ambassador. There was q general
laugh at the Incident, and the plenipo.
tentiary joined IN the game. Not a
word Of politics was breathed during
the interview, but 1t lasted "a couple of
hours, and the qutdnunce Of the bourse
thought it must have been so import
ant that the French funds that evening
dropped per cent.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14

the temptation, and at last all throat
torment left him.
Another benefit which the exercises
brought to the most bulbous of the
class. 1t reduced them In glrtn several
inches, for which they were corres-
pondingly grateful.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14

China has to raise $32, 800, 900 to
repair the levcas on the Yellow river,
and the money Is secured by stopping
all Official salaries for two years. The
Chinese may be old but they know q
thing or two.
An eight-legged calf attracts at
tention in Cadiz, o. The curiosity Is
alive and able to walk.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14

'HosTEss Ito Bobby, who is dining
out with his motheD--Will you have
another piece OF pie, Bobby?
Bobby m,
Hostess (smllingly) And so you are
one Of the fortunate little boys whose
mammas let them have a second piece
OF piep
Bobby---Yes es'm; she does when we're
out vIsitln', but at home never get
but one piece.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1888-06-14
Keep Up u Deal or Thinking.

Now got ready for bachelor rush
to this State. The Eastern papers are
spreading the report that Joaquin Miller
says that California women talk less
tlian any women In the world. They
are fluent thinkers. however.
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-07-14
Harvesting Niagara.

The scheme to harness Niagara,
and utilise a part of the immense
power which there has been going to
waste for ages, is one of the boldest
schemes yet attempted. The idea is
to construct a tunnel from the water
level below the Falls, about 200 feet
under the high bank of the river, ex-
tending through the rock to the Up
per Niagara River, at a point about
one mile above the Falls, where a
head of 120 feet is obtained. The
tunnel is then to extend, parallel with
the shore of the river, one and a half
miles, at all average depth of 100 feet
below the surface of the earth, and at
q distance of about 400 feet from the
navigable water of the river with
which it is to be connected by means
of conduits or lateral tunnels. The
power is to be obtained from the con-
duits leading to the main tunnel, and
not from the tunnel itself or from the
Falls. Along the line of the tunnel
23S miles, of 500 horsepower each,
can be established. The estimated
cost of construction of the tunnel is
5000, 000.- Court journal.
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-07-14
Course of the Missouri.

The jewellers on the banks of the
Missouri are never tired of descanting
upon the capricious moods of the
hayward and inconstant stream,
which alters its course in a single
night, and by suddenly interposing
broad stretches of dry land between
their boundaries and it's benefcent
waters, makes plantations compar-
atiye y worthless which yesterday re-
ioiced in broad river frontage. Far
away upon the loftiest plateau of dis
tant Montana, towers the crag on
which the traveller may take his seat
and contemplate the great water
courses of North American continent.
On the left as he looks northwards,
three streams, the Gallatin, the Mad
ison, and the jefferson, issue from
the wall of rock on which he is seated,
and after flowing a while in short
separate courses, unite in the Mis-
souri,, which at a distance of more
than three thousand miles from its
debouchure in the Gulf of Mexico,
carries a volume of water four times
as great as the Thames contains at
London Bridge. Presently the "great
falls of the Missouri" are reached,
consisting of a series of cataracts,
occupying some twenty miles of the
rivers course. The principal fall is
nearly one hundred feet high, and
when the traveller has carried his
birch-back canoe round this sport
age" he launches it again on the
broad surface of a stream unob-
structed by rocks and falls until its
muddy yellow-ochre waters mingle
with those of the clear limpid Miss
issippi which descends from Min
nesota and Observation-Disclosures lands
of lakes.
Woman's chronicle. (Little Rock, Ark.) 1888-1???, 1888-07-14
Sizes of Heads.

"Seven" being the average size of
a man S head as measured by his hat,
it appears that out of fourteen dis
tinguished personages, two (Lord
Chelmsford and Dean Stanley were
below, while two others (Lord Bea-
conslield and the Prince of Wales)
were exactly up to the average. OF
the others, Dickens, Selborne and
Bright required Is, Earl Russell,
7 IA, Lord McCaulay, Gladstone
and Thackeray, Z 3S inches, Louis
Philippe, Z 3-4 inches, and the
Archbishop of York, 8 full. Of
twenty-three distinguished men whose
tual brain weights are known, four,
including the late Professor Hughes
Bennett and Hermann, the philologist,
were distinctly below the average,
showing that well constituted brain
of small dimensions may be capable
of doing much better work than many
larger organ whose internal consti-
tuition is, from one cause or other,
defective.