Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1888-05-05
Raising Calves by Hand.

Progress.
1t is impossible to have good COWS
or beeves unless the animal has been
properly treated as calf. We raise
our calves altogether by hand, and it
is better for the COW, mixer, calf and
owner. 1t is the universal custom,
in all diaries, whether milk or butter
is sold. 1t takes much less time to
milk and feed than to separate the
COW and calf, and one knows exactly
how much the calf gets each meal.
The cows do not acquire the habit of
"holding up" their milk nor fret af-
ter their offspring. The sooner the
calf is taken from the mother the bet
ter. She cries less for it and it is more
easily taught to drink, as it has not
not learned to take its food with the
head up, and as it must drink with
the head down it has nothing but
that to learn. have tried variety
of patent calf feeders, but a strong
galvanized iron pan kept clean is the
best andI simplest. Mr.. Worley in
vented and made very convenient
arrangement for holding the pans
and separating the calves from each
other and from the person who is feed
ing them.
This is formed by placing two
pieces of 2x4 light timbers 10 inches
apart, nailed to three or four short
pieces according to the length you
wish to make FEEDER of 2XS inch
lumber. These pieces form the feet
or foundation of the feeder or bench in
which the pans are placed. Short
planks are theR nailed cross-wise to
the two long pieces of 2X4, trimmed
out at intervals of about two feet
apart to fit and hold the pans. From
the side of this bench is placed sid
ing leaning forward towards the OPP
posite side from which the siding is
nailed to light stringer, same length
of bench, stands about half way ov-
er where the pans set. The siding is
about three feet high, and opposite
each place for pan is left an open
space, V shaped, through which the
calf pokes his head to take his meals
of milk.
They soon learn their places, and
each calf will put his nose over his
pan and wait until it is filled. We
give new milk for the first month
three quarts twice day for the frs
week, then increase to gallon twice
with a handful OF ground oats III the
pan when the calf has drank the
milk. The oats must be dry, as thu
saliva formed by chewing them as
sist in digestion.
We keep hay where the calves have
access to it, and before they are {
month old they will eat freely. W.
give plenty Of good clean bedding
and keep calves in barn of nights anC
n bad weather. On bright days the!
run and play in the sunshine, gain
ing strength rapidly. Some writer
advocate isolation and confinement
as when together they will chew eacl
others ears and not be plump ant
glossy as when kept in the stable al
the time. For nice veal / admit thi
is the best plan, but let the future bee
and COW acquire all the strength an,
muscle that fresh air can give. Whel
four weeks old we give altogethe
skim milk, gradually emitting neN
milk, and replacing by skim. Firs
three quarts ofnew and one of skin
beginning this reduction at thre
weeks.
A sudden change will probabl
produce scours. This checks tn
growth of a calf, and the remedy is
quart of new milk twice a day.
the calf is very sick fresh egg bea
en- in the milk is beneficial. Th
milk at all times should be warme
to about so degrees. Too cold or to
warm is bad for the calls digestion
We tried weaving calves at fou
months and giving the milk to pig
At the same time we feed another Il
milk for eight months. The pig
were fine but the eight months calvt
so superior to those fed four montl
that we decided in the future to civ
only buttermilk to pigs, and fee
the calves milk as long as possibl
When milk is sold, then some subst
tute must be found. In Illinois the
Use oil cake and meal.
Calves must be kindly treated tall
ed to and petted, never beaten {
abused. If this is all the life dun
animals live, let us make it as plea
ant rs DOSSihlp for Them and viii