The Red Cloud chief., 1888-06-15
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.
Extracting oil from cedar boughs
10 q new industry in Maine.
Steel. when hUdened. decreases in
specific gravity. contracts in length and
increases in diameter.
Rosewood shingles are being inn
ported Al novelty for trimming snowy
cottages at seaside resorts.
"A New York halter says that none
of the so-called Panama hats are made
Mt Panama. The best of them. he ex-
plains. comes from Guyaquil.
"A late refinement in dentistry Is .
tiny electric lamp for lighting up the
cavities of teeth during the process Of
filing.
dealers in hard wood furnishings
say that sycamore wood is rapidly
coming into use. 1t "wOrks" well.
makes an excellent finish, and is much
cheaper than birch. maple. or oak.
"A sugar refining company with
S. 600. 600 capital has been started to
use Henry Friends new method of re-
timing by electricity. The cost will DO
about ssventy-five cents a ton.
"A recent English invention relates
to casting packing rings ready for use
without boring or turning. The rings
are cast in q chill mold around = me-
talic core.
The introduction of American
watches into England has reduced the
number of gold marked at the
London Assay Office from 3A844in 1876
to ~. 4l6 in 1886. and of silver cases
from 1l9. 1874 in 1876 to IS. 7OS in 1886.
The mystery regarding the whites
of eggs after the icc-cream factories
have used up their yelks is explained
by q statement that they are used to
make a~lbumenized paper for phOtOgra-
ply.
The question having arisen as to
why the fallen branches of trees. at
certain stages Of decay. n more or
less colored through their tissues with
various shades of green. it is alleged
that chemical analysis shows the pres
ence Of iron rs the base of the green
colOring matter.
The smallest circular saw in use is
one used in Sitting gold pens. 1t is .
disc about the size of . 6ve-cent piece
and has the thickness of ordinary
paper. Its velocity tends to keep it
rigid enough for use; four hundred
revolutions a minute is the ordinary
rate Of these diminutive saws.
The latest idea in the direction Of
waterproof footwear is a shoe made
with a stout calfskin vamp. seamless.
underlying which is q vamp of thin
rubber. and between it and the lining.
which is of stout canvas The bottom
of the shoes has q rubber interlihing
between the outer and inner soles. and
thus the shoe is about as lear water
proof as . leather shoe can be.
Barrels are now being made Of
hard and soft wood. each alternate
stave being Of the soft variety and
slightly thicker than the hard wood
stave. The edges of the slaves are cut
square. and. when placed together to
form the barrel. the Outsidcs are even,
and there is q V-shaped crack between
each stage from top to bottom. In
this arrangement the operation of driv-
ing the hoops forces tho edges of the
hard slaves into the soft ones until the
cracks are closed. and the extra thick
ness of the latter causes its inner edges
to lap over those Of the hard wood
slaves. thus making the joint doubly
secure.
- In some recent scientific expert
ments on the effects Of cold. two frogs
were frozen solid in a temperature of
about zoe f.. and kept in that con-
dition for half al hour. On thawing
slowly they recovered perfectly. but it
was found that large periods of exposure
invariably killed the animals. The ex-
pertinent was tried Of freezing hermet-
ically sealed meat, SO rs to kill its
bacterial organisms. and thus render it
incapable Of putrefying. 1t was found.
however. that 50 low . temperature 10
500 below zero would not destroy the
vitality of micro-organisms. 1t was
thus made clear that the attempts to
preserve meat for . long time by q
momentary freezing of it must be
abandoned.