The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1888-04-14
OHiO'S CENTENNIAL.
A Flood Of People at Marietta to
Celebrate the Event.


FIRST DAY.
MARIETTA, o., April 5.-The celebration o,
the hundredth anniversary OF the settlement o
the Northwest Territory, from which was carved
the States Of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan
and Wisconsin, commenced here tonight, and
will continue three days.
The first settlers under the leadership OF
General Rufus Putnam, the Revolutionary sol
dier and friend Of Washington, landed ut Mari
ettaon the7th Of April 1888. The city Is richly
decorated, and Is filled with distinguished and
substantial guests. The States of Connecticut.
Massachusetts, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and
Wisconsin have official commissioners and rep.
resentatives here. The celebration is purely
historical In its nature, and the only exposition
feature is full collection OF rare and historical
relics and American antiquities gathered from
variety OF private sources which has not been
sQualed in variety and richness. 3 81 "
Tho initial exercises tonight consist CT 6
short speech by Hon F. c. Sessions, president
of the Ohio Archaeological Society, and an ad-
dress on the building of the State by Judge
Joseph Cox, OF Cincinnati. He sketched the
history OF the famous ordinance Of 1887, and
traced the rise OF the spirit Of colonization to its
place OF generation in the hearts OF the best
officers OF the revolution, who set on foot the
movement to found Territory In the great
West. WE tft,' t.'.f'
He said: Armed and protected with this or.
dinance, the pledge OF their Government, the
brave remnant of the soldiers OF the revolution,
In the dreary midwinter of 11ST-S, bade farewell
to all the cherished endearments Of the homes
OF their birth and took their solitary way over
fields made CORY by the blood of their slain
kinsmen in many hard-fought battle; crossed
rough and inhospitable mountains waded
through snow and streams, scantily clothed and
poorly fed. After many weary weeks on the
9TH of April. one hundred years ago, landed on
yonder point, beneath the shadow OF those
monuments Of race long since swept
from the face Of tho earth. That
memorial 9TH Of April, 17SS should never be for
gotten or passed over in silence by any who ven.
crate the heroic character OF the great men and
women who first planted their feet on the soil
on that day. The ordinance Of 11S7 In the gen.
"sral mind is referred to as only an instrument
that forever prohibited slavery in the territory
north OF the Ohio river, but IL contained IN
hnitely more than that. Its principles are
greater than those OF Magma Charta wrested by
the English barons from King John. 1t was the
first fruits of the Declaration of Independence
The first crystallizntion of Its principles into
organic law. II fixed rights and obligations
which are the very essence of the natural and
inherent rights of man. 1t provided for the
protect on OF personal property, of freedom OF
conscience to every man.
In 1900 Ohio was the seventeenth State in
population; in 1910. the thirteenth in 1890 the
fith in 1880, the fourth: in 1910. the third. In
11eO her population 3,00O; in 1900, 49, 38S; I'm
1890, 5s1 ,4Si; in $780, 9s5,S72; in 1siO 151 946T
In 1870 1,9S040S in 1850 $50 b11 in 1870 1865
300; in $780, 3, 19s, ,239: and increased possibly In
1885 to 100000. nearly equal to the population
OF the whole United States at the time OF the
Revolutionary War.
Its religious progress Is marked by over ten
thousand churches of all denominations 4
In education-12,703 public school houses
value SOS, ,467, 400; 1890 teachers; number of
pupils in daily attendance, 577,S44; annual ex-
nm.
Incorporated colleges and academies. and 2TO
Incorporated literary and library associations.
We have 9,S63 miles Of railroads, value, SOL
26i,lIS paying an annual tax Of 81, ,5O4, ,093; 69T
miles OF canals, nnumerable turnpikes, stretch
ing over every one of the eighty eight counties,
most Of them without tollto travellers; and the
great swamps Of the Northwest are drained by
thousands of miles OF bitches, making them the
most fertile lands on the continent.
The State contains 70 ,535, $40 acres of land of
the value of S712, ,485, ,424; this is divided into
100000 farms The chattel property in the du-
plicate is s5099l856s making total value of
chattel and real property s1,67O, ,O79 5G8, on
which is paid an annual tax OF SS1 ,167,51O. OF
the land 9,s05,35 acres are cultivated as FARMS
and G,2laS62 acres as pasture. Over these farms
and pastures roam 1,665 ,aa23 cattle, A.295 S39
sheep, 77366 horses, "a, ,S1S mules COS 936 hogs
In 1886 we raised 4o,368,sGS bushels Of wheat and
112. 744 bushels of corn. We had sos 524 milch
So"o'
of butter While the hens, partalsing OF the
general industrial activity, laid 8s620,45l dozen
of eggs. OF cheese 3S. i20. 451 pounds are made
and3,5SS,2iS pounds exported from the State
or wool we clipped 23,55sG7O pounds.
We have 5sS coal mines employing 10, 704 men.
aud produced 7S1G,Oi7 tons of coal, while the
product of the numerous oil and natural gas
wells simply defes all arithmetical computa.
tion. In the last twenty-five months G,G94b39
barrels of oil have been produced. In every
town in the State are numerous manufactures
with steam engines roaring and hummering,
cutting and saving out all articles OF useful
ness for other manufactures for the farmers
and shipping machinery and manufactured
articles TO all parts of our own
and foreign countries. Connecting all parts of
Che State and our own and foreign lands by in
stantaneous communication. There are 473 642
miles Of telegraphic wire, and innumerable
newspapers, daily and weekly. in nearly every
city and town to convey to every house the news
from all the world. This is but small fraction
OF the census OF a State first settled one hundred
years ago, and which, when admitted into the
Union eighty-six years ago. John Randolph de-
nominated mere geographical diagram beyond
the Ohio river OF vast deserts of woods inhabit-
ed by the Aborignes.
The mind staggers on an examination of the \
figures showing our vast resources and produc-
tons. And let it be remembered that all this
has been accommodating amid the convulsion OF
many wars and financial difficulties The war
of 1912 drew thousands of men from industrial
pursuits but others kept the plow OF agri-
culture going in the furrow. The Mexican
war drew largely on our men and means,
while the great rebellion raging for four
years, had in its ranks, marching and fighting
to maintain the Union, nearly 10000 Ohio
soldiers, thousands OF whom laid down their
lives on the battle-fields, the swamps. prison
hngnffnlC Nntx fn,tov atn.v III
great depletion, her farms were all the while
being titled to furnish food. All articles Of use
ful machinery were being made, gun-boats
built on her rivers and cannon ut her foundres,
and the humming of thousands Of sewing mo
chimes was heard, propelled by wives ind
in making clothing for the patriot
soldiers But, greater than all the physical
wealth of the State is the constantly maintained
high standard. OF Industrial, moral, religious
and intellectual wealth OF charactcr
The valor OF the revolutionary hero the stern,
religious character OF the Puritan. the lofty
OF the cavalier, have been mingled
with the blood of the best representatives who
from foreign lands have here sought freedom
from oppression. Enterprise, skill In all
branches, education. religious teachings, law,
oratory, military genius, have
here had representatives, the equal of any In
the world. Ohio has had three Presidents
Of the United States, aud has
future; two Chief -Justices OF tho Su-
preme Court OF the United States. and other,
wise ably represented on that bench. Three
Generals OF the army by special act Of Congress
Tor greatest distinguished ability, Grant, Sher.
man and Sheridan an honor before that CON
erred alone OF Washington; and well does this
quartet wear the distinction OF being the first
n W. first IN peace and FIRST in the hearts Of
heir countrymen.i In, the Senate Cabnets
Foreign Ministers and every important public
lositiOn until IL would Seem that Wharevar