The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1888-09-02
How Retaliation Policy Would Affect
the People of Minnesota and Dakota.
Facts Illustrating the Absurdity Of President
Clevelands Position on the Tariff Ques-
tion-General Washington News.
THE CHINESE TREATY.
History Of the Negotiations and the Agree.
ment-Causes of It's Rejection.

regarding the rejection of the Chinese treaty
has been received at the State Department,
and nothing beyond the press dspatch cabled
last night from London and published this
morning is known on the subject. Friends of
the administration say the treaty contained ar
rangemeuts with China which the British gov
ernment was most anxious to make, and Brit
ish influence to the extent of the power of that
government to secure rejection of the treaty
By China has been apprehended By them. For
this reason the amendments to the treaty, after
it had received the deliberate approval Of the
Chinese government through its minister here,
although regarded as entirely unnecessary and
useless, were not believed to be dam
gerous and mischievous and 20 i'm
peril the great objects sought to
be obtained upon every side in
the long-pendins negotiations to set
tie an important question. When President
Cleveland came into power very excited and
unsatisfactory state Of things existed On the
Pacific coast regarding the Chinese question,
and one of the earliest important tasks which
Secretary Bayard set for himself upon assuming
the duties Of his present Office was to secure the
negotiation Of q new treaty. Minister Chang, a
gentleman Of great intelligence. then represent
ing China, WAS absent in South America, and on
his return. few months later, the subject was
broached to MIN. He had, however, recently
been stricked with paralysis, and his successor
was already on his way from China, go the be-
ginning Of the negotiations was postponed until
the arrival of the new representative. Secre-
tary Baysrd sought from the outset
~. ~ ~
Chinese minister the fact that the
different conditions of social and political life
in the two countries made anything like mu-
tuslity or equivalence in the terms of the con-
cessiors to lie made on the one hand and the
other i'm possible, and to the end that these con-
ditions might be fully appreciated he recon-
mended that the Chinese minister travel through
the country at his leisure, and observe the bab-
its end rAodes OF living OF our people for him
self. The chief point Of difference, OF course,
was the fact. which was to be considered as the
very starting point. that the whole length and
breadth OF the United States open TO resi-
depce aud occupation by any Chinaman who
should sacurs an entrance TO this country,
while ouly a few restricted ports OF China could
be visited by Americans, even By the American
munster, under any circumstances. In the
course Of time the minister, having fully In
formed himself. willingly entered upon neeotia-
tions, filled with the desire to secure redress for
various parts of the Western Territories,
and the loss and destruction Of tho prop
erty OF otbors. The purpose which inspired the
Secretary was to secure the exclusion OF Chinese
laborers, in compliance with the emphatic and
substantially unanimous demand of the Pacific
states. Subsequent negotiations consumed
months of careful deliberation, and when they
were concluded the result was one which WAS
belIeved by the nsgotiators on both sides to
meet the euhstantisl requirements Of the gov.
fad rha ~ Ua At
transmitted to China for approval Tin March
last) and nothing was heard from that govern
ment to indicate any lack Of entire approval.
Fifty seven days after the Senate received ths
treaty it was ratified, but with amendments
which the friends OF the admin
istration regarded superhuous. The
Secretary OF State reopened negotiations,
and succeeded, after some correspondence. in
securing from the Chinese minister his assent
to the Senate amendments, the assent being In
the form of an exchange OF notes which en-
bodied in substance an Eacknowledgment that
the amendments did not substantially alter the
text of the treaty rs 1t bad been originally
signed. There seemed TO be, however, in the
mind or the minister, an impression that China
has bsen trifsd with. and when the amend
ments were sent out to China the proceeding
was not understood by the high authorities of
that government. About q month since an in
quiry was received from the Chinese govern
ment by cable asking If power still remained
with the Senate to further amend the treaty,
the Chinese authorities wishing to know IL they
were dealing with a fnslity. To this the
Secretary Of State replied at once
that the treaty could not be further
amended. Nothing further has been heard on
the subject. but 1t is thought by friends OF the
administration that in the natural course OF
svents the stringent measures introduced into
Congress designed to carry into effect, by an
tieipation, the provisions OF the treaty
have been brought to the attention of the
Chinese government and it has been appre-
hended that these steps respecting treaty
not yet formally agreed TO. and consequently
not In force, have served to add further embar-
rassment and lead to further doubts on the part
OF the Chinese authorities as to our ultimate
purpose.
An interview was sought with Secretary
Bayard this morning. on the subject. but the
Secretary declined to express himself for publ
cation beyopd stating that no information has
been received on the subject by the department
IF it is true that China has rejected the treaty,
the Secretary added, "why, We have the former
treaty still in force. and the restrictive legisla
ton now on our statute books"
1t is believed by many Ia high official position
that the acts of which the Pacific coast people
now complain so loudly are due to the neg gencs
or col.usion OF our own officials. ana that ths
remedy lies largely with ourselves. Recently
for example. there came an application for ex
tradition for q man who had stolen a certificate
which covered the entry of q Chit aman and wht
WAS seeking to secure the entry OF other China
meu under it The certificate was in the Gus
tody and control Of our own officials, and were
il not for either negligence or collusion the theft
and misuse would not have been possible
California Representatives. in the House were
all much interested in the news published this
morning to the effect that the Chinese govern.
ment had refused TO ratify the new treaty with
| the United States. They ale disposed, however
| upon advice of the State Department., to avail,
confirmation of the original dispatch before tax
ing steps TO meet the emergency Mr.. Morrow said
| that the Senate amendment to the treaty sub
ntted by the President was VITAL and without
| it the treaty would be ineffective. Ii was thi.
| amendment which had caused the rejection o
! the treaty by the Chinese government Yet il
was inserted to meet the decision OF the Su
| preme Court and the amendment was in ths
very language OF that part of ths
| decision which pointed out the stipulatio,
| necessary to exclude Chinese from the
| United States that no person should be per
mitted TO enter the United States without ths
I certificate provided for in tbs treaty. Ii hac
been the purpose OF Congress TO prevent ths
prior residents from returning to the United
| States, for otherwise all China might come il
under claim of prior residence, which it woulc
be impossible 10 disprov.. Mr.. Morrow addec
that if the news Of the rejection o. the treaty
should be confirmed, the California memherr
would ask Congress 10 pass a bill requiring tn,
/ President to give ak months notice TO tn,
/ except diplomatic consular aud other officers O
the Chinese eovernment will be permitted Z,
enter the United States. That notice wouls
amount to ths revocation and sbrogation Of al