National Republican., 1888-03-19
MAKE YOUR CHOICE.
Prof Wiley Gives the Result of His
Analyses of Lard.

appeared anu gave lllt 'ollilhh'SS lht ~
suit of his microscopic. examinations of
him. Taking up the samples of lard
manufactured by Armour Il Co, he stated
that the lard branded Pure refined
family lard contained cotton seed oil aud
stearne. That branded Kettle refined
lurdn was not aduterated. Choice re.
fined family lard contained cotton seed
oil and stearine. A sample of chssce
family lard purchased i'll - Louis con
tained no cotton seed OIL but some crys-
tails of stcarinc were apparent. A sample
of the same brand purchased in New Or.
leans gave distinct traces, of cotton seed
oil. a brand of Superior compound
lard contained cotton seed oil All the
samples of lard manufactured, by Fair.
banks & Co. contained cotton seed oil and
beef stearine except that branded prime
refined leaf lard" which contained no
stearine.
In reply to question by Mr.. Blair. wit
ness stated that he had no reason to be-
licye that any of the ingredients con
tained in the samples were injurious 10
health. Cotton seed oil was nearly idcnt-
ical in its qualities TO olive oil and was
equally as wholesome. He had never
heard of cotton seed oil being used to pro-
duce abortion.
Continuing lis teStimany as to lard
samples he took up those manufactured
by the firm OF Squire n Co., and stated
that they contained neither cotton seed
oil nor stearine. Cassard IL Sons Best
Refined Lard" contained neither cotton
seed oil nor stearine. but reacted under
chemical tests unlike pure lard. He did
not know what ingredient 1t contained,
rs his analysis had been carried on merely
with yiew.to discover whether cotton
Seed oil and stearine were used, and the
examinations were still incomplete.
A sample of lard manufactured by Whit
taker e Sons, branded pure, unadulter-
atcd. honest refined lard contained no
cotton seed oil. while n Sumple manu-
iacturcd by the same firm, branded "alul-
tcrated, refined lard" contained cotton
seed oil. At the laboratory he had ren-
dcred the lard, entrails, and intestines of
the hog, and found them TO make pure
lard.
Mr. Fox inquired whether the lard so
rendered could be distinguished from pure
lard.
The witness replied that they were just
alike. Perhaps there was difference of
color but not sufficient to base any data
upon. Leaf lard had little less color,
but scarcely enough to he distinguishablc.
lie had found nearly all the lards cxam-
ined TO be free of water. One sample,
Bros, of Chicago, branded choice family
lard contained 62l per cent of water
Another sample of Workman Il Co.'s
I lard contained 1I.l0 per cent. of water. II
was branded Anchor lard"
The chairman suggested that the brand
was Il very suitable one.
The witness stated that sample of
choice family lard manufactured by g..
7. Tietien, of New York, contained $50
per cent of water,
In reply to u question by Mr. Cromwell,
prof Wiley said that he did not think
there was any way of distinguishing dead
hog grease from pure lard The way the
hog died had no effect upon the lard.
Senator Blair then proceeded to eS-
anime the witness as TO the results of his
| investigations into food adulterants in
general.
P,tter, said the witness, was adulterated
With Cotton-seed oil, but not to any great
extent The chief adulterants ef butter
We're neutral lard and stearine. This com
/ 4 "und was now called olcOmargarine
! Nil, was Ndulteratcd, mostly by water
| tlaus slhcrl The adulteration of milk
was uniN c'sal, except In localities where
there were very rigid milk inspectors, as
was the case in Boston. In the city of
| Washington about 100 per cent. of the
milk was adulterated. The adulteration
of milk was chiefly accomplished by the
removal of the cream. One way to adul-
terate milk was to milk the COW only two
thirds, leaving most of the cream in the
udder. This was sold as pure milk while
the remaining one-third was MIXED and
| sold as cream. -
All the condiments examined by him
were lahiterated with peanut hulls. Beer
| and elders were largely adultered with
s.ilialic acid, which was injurious to
health, In beer artificial bitters had been
found instead of hop bitters. Tea and
chocolate were largely adulterated with
| simple substances to increase their bulk.
Molasses was almost universally adulter-
ated with glucose. Sugar was not adul-
terated. Syrup could be made by pour
ing sulphuric acid on old rags, but he
did not think it was done to any extent,
Rags were more valuable for other pur-
poses, Sugar could be made out of saw
dust and sulphuric acid. a hundred
pounds of rags would make little more
than hundred pounds of syrup,
Mr. Blair. Would it be as good as any
other drip?
Prof Wiley. Oh, yes.
Senator Blair. So these disgusting asso-
Citations are in scientific minds disasso-
ciated from the products?
Prof, Wiley. Yes.
The Chairman. So to the pure, all things
are pure?
Prof. Wiley. Yes, sir.
Senator Blair. These lards made from
| the intestncs are as good as any?
Prof. Wiley. had just as soon cat com.
| pound lard as pure lard.
Senator Blair DO you eat dead hog
I lard?
Prof Wiley presume do. 1t is just
rs good as any other. ] would as liei
! eat il.
The Chairman. II is charged that manu-
iaCturers of lard take dead hogs and throw
| them in, cntrails and hair and heads, and
white grease is rendered from them
Would that be nocuous?
Prof Wiley, think not. There is
nothing deleterious in decomposing ami
mails. Indeed, in some cases they are
more innoCuouS.
Mr.. Cromwell read an allidavit from Mr..
TicUen to the effect that the watered lard
was manufactured for sale in the West
Indies and its qualities were well known
TO the buyers. 1t was not for sale in the
| United States.
Mr.. K. II. Blackmorc, of the firm Of
! llalstCad IL Co., of New York, read atli-
davits and petitions showing that watcred
lard was made solely for the West Indies
and other foreign markets. and protesting
against any law which would discriminate
that lard, which was not intended for
home consumption.
He called attention TO the dispatches
from Denmark, stating that country had
prohibited the importation Of American
Cromwell read telegram from Armour
~ Goa stating that this prohibition ex-
prcssly excepted refined lard,
Wm. Sinclair, Of Chicago, secretary OF
the Butchers National Protective AsSoci.
alton, read to the committee an argument
similar to that which he made to the
House committee on agriculture on
Wednesday last in favor of compelling
compound lard TO be so branded.
Abnm s. Jewell, Of New York, ap.
peared and repeated the statements made
By him before the House committee.
Before cotton seed oil was used he said,
| dead hog grease was used in the manu-
iaCture of lard, This grease was driven
ont by tho cotton seed oil, rs the latter