The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1888-11-10
General News.

THE Gayoso, for Tiptonvillc, leaves this
evening at o'clock
THE Chickasaw pulled out for White river
yesterday afternoon.
The Annie f. Silver will be here to leave
next Wednesday for New Orleans.
THE Grand Republic took on considerable
freight and left yesterday for New Orleans
The Joe Peters departs this evening at 5
O'Clock for Arkansas River, going through
10 Pine Bluff.
THE Ohio will be found in port this morn
Ing, receiving TO leave this evening at 8
O'Clock for Cincinnati.
THE Coal Valley towing a number of
barges containing coal, passed here yesterday
morning on her way from the Ohio River.
Tue Future City, with several barges
loaded with grain, passed up from New Or
leans to St. Louis early yesterday morning.
tbs City of Providence, en- route from st.
Louis 10 Natchez, and the City of Vicksburg,
en- route from Natchez to st. Louis, are due
here.
THE James Lee brought In from Friars
Point yesterday morning 225 bales of cotton,
II bags OF seed cotton and l0ll sacks Of cot.
ton seed She went back last evening.
In paper on stopping and backing steam.
ers TO avoid collisions read by Commodore
ii. G. Taylor, Of the United States Navy.
before the recent meeting OF the National
Board of Steam Navigation, the Commodore
said: "The general idea on shore and among
seafaring people, who do not reflect and
observe closely, Is, roughly, that II you are
going slower you can stop easier; IL going at
high rate OF speed IL takes longer but the
real fact is that for all purposes OF avoidance
in impending collisions, IL Is impossible to
stop at all when ut high speed within any
period needed 10 avoid collision Tho g. who
IuN lNs tria hat
large seagoing vessel is rushing through the
water at twelve or thirtecn-knot speed, the
first elect Of the propeller OF paddle wheels
backing Is In no way perceptible. The
momentum Of the ship begins TO be lost
by the natural resistance OF the water,
and when checked somewhat the effect OF
the screw commences Ia be felt and not
before. No heavy vessels (whose momentum
becomes so great rs their speed incioasos)
should go more than six knots an hour in n
thick fog II they hope 10 avoid collision, and
speed of eight 10 nine knots renders avoid
nnce impossible This investigation and cx-
permeuts Of Capt Colomb, X. ~, with
many screw vessels, Of different size and
moving ut different speeds shows that the
average distance at which vessel will stop
after suddenly reversing the engines, Is four
and onc-half times the ships length. The
report helps 10 confirm and verify the state
mcnt that, when at full speed, the effect OF
the screw is imperccptiblc, aud continues 10
until the water resistance checks tho mo-
mentum OF the vessel through the water.
The effect Of the screw is cumulative and full
speed is the result Of the screws effect
through a comparatively long period OF time.
Hence the backing must he continued
long time 10 produce It's effect.
The mean results oil many trials with
different sized vessels, and moyinga at different
speeds, show that 10 stop vessel In tho
shortest possible space, the helm should be
put hard over the instant the engines are re-
yerscd. N this is done, the vessel will lose
way aud come b. state Of rest when she
has changed her heading four points She
will then have moved ahead a little less than
three times her length; and will have trans
fcrrcd one length; that Is, her stern will be
Just clear OF her original coursc. The drag
cling action Of the ruddor, rs mentioned
nb0vc Is well known 10 all scafaring people,
AMI can generally be utilized TO avoid col.
lision, unless danger exists on both bows
hut we must remember that the above re-
suits were obtained largely In quiet weather
mud smooth water; and a strong breeze or
rough sea is liable 10 alter the above results
n to the movement u the ships head"