Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1888-10-24
THE VESTS PROGRESS.
UNDER THE BENEFICENT INFLUENCE
OF PROTECTION.
What a High Tariff Has Done for the Great
Notwithstanding and Instructive
Facts and Figures-Voters, Read Them
and Ponder Them.

It is one studied and persistent effort of the
Democratic party in this Presidential campaign
TO pre- ,udice the West against the East Oh the
subject o. the tariff, maintaining that the East
ern States get the benefit of production Dnd the
Western States get It's burden. Now, if the tariff
Tor protection so operates that one section gets
the gain and the other gets the loss, tuen the
whole system of protection ought to be abol
ished; and if the advocates of q protective tari
cannot prove that it is OF as grea5 advantale to
the West as it is to the EasJ, great advantage
to the south it is to the North. an that it is
national and hot sectional policy-if, l say
they cannot establish those points, then tn.
policy ought to lie abandoned But / maintain
and in the fe y minutes shall occupy your at
tention 1 shall endeavor TO prove by ngures AID
by facts-that the West, the great, growing
teeming, prosperous West has gained mora out
OF the protective tariff than an section of the
whole Union
Gentlemen know that involves questions of
facts and not questions of fancy and I call
your attention to the census of 1870, and if there
are any Democrats present they will not wish 10
dispute the correctness of that census, for it
was taken under the adminisl ration OF MIR. Bu-
chanan. quo o the figures of that census as to
g wealth OF eleven Western Sla;es-O Ohio III
diana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin Nj .nne sota
Iowa, Missouri Kansas, Nebras ka and Colorado
The last TWO were Territories when Mr.. Lincoln
came into power, but were long since made
States. According to the census of 1o6J the ag-
gregate wealth OF these eleven Western states
was somethin under So, 100 90 0J1 and in 1881,
twenty years atterward, by the national census,
the wealth OF those states was S16,5 0.UUO, QUO.
1t has increased and gr ,wn four-fold in twenty
years, and in the last eight years enough has
been added to carry up the wealth of these
eleven States lar beyond P20,OO0,0o0,O0, or vas5
deal larger sum than the whole wealth of the
Unitet States the day Lin coin in ,ugurated.
You can test this question in another way In
1850 these eleven States had 10.O0U miles of rail
road, or scarcely that; and to-day, twenty eight
years afterward they have nearly $500 miles
of railroad. Mind you, these eleven Western
way within tneir borders as the whole Union
had before the civil war. Something or other
has enabled you Western people to get along
pretty rapidly for these States have prospered
in degree far beyond that of the old Eastern
States, in a ratio far greater than the Eastern
States have maintained As another proof of
that progress have here q singular table from
the official census of 1860 in which the princi-
pal towns and cities in the United States are
ern States and give you their popula-
ton at that time: Cleveland was $4,000,
Toledo was not large enough to be included in
the statement at ALL De roit was As 0Oo Grand
Rapids that now has ,U00 was not mentioned.
Chicago-what do you say the population of Chi
cago was in lS6O?-lO0, 900. Its growth does not
tive tariff for it is now three-quarters of a mill
ion at least Milwaukee was $4,000. st. Paul
and Minneapolis had not grown enough conse-
Quence in 1860 to be mentioned in this table at
ALL Together they now contain nearly 400, 90
people. Columbus, o. had 1SoO now some
900; Cincinnati had 10000; Louisville IS, 900;
st. Louis, $4,000; Kansas City-the census did
not know there was such place; Denver-it had
never been heard Of in the census; Indianapolis
how much do you suppose twas in 1860? IN
der $4,000. Des Moines something over 5000.
Omaha? Well. Omaha had no mention at all
The aggregate of these cities was $1,000 in
1860 and is to-day three and half million. This
is the way. Mr. Chairman the protective tariff
has been retarding the growth and development
of the West. This is the great hardship the
West has suffered by reason of the protective
tariff.
When you drive the free-traders from every
other ground they tell you that the protective
tariff has stifed the export trade of the United
States that it has bull up a lot OF factories and
railways, but that the foreign commerce of the
country has all gone to pieces. I again quote
from the census and show you that from the
time the Declaration of Independence was made
down to the time that Lincoln was elected
PRESIDENT will go further back From the
time America was discovered by Columbus down
to the election of Abraham Lincoln, the aggre-
gate shipment of all those years, of all those
centuries, from the United States amounted to
49, 0e, G00,0JU in value Now, mark you, that
down to 1860 and from 1860 to 1888 the aggregate
amount has been Sl7,500,00O, 000-almost double
as much in the twenty-eight years of the present
protective tariff as it was during the whole pre-
vious history of the American G ntnent. That
is the way gentlemen, in which pro lection has
operated.
I had occasion, in speaking on this same sub
ject in the East, when contrasting what protec-
ton had done tor the laboring man of America
as compared with the laboring man of Europe,
to show what the laborng men of New England
had in savings banks as compared with those of
Old England, and l saw in more than one West
ern Democratic paper the remark: 20, yes, you
nave goC a L the money in the East; it is well
enough for you TO uphold protection" But
gentlemen you must remember the different
conditions The wealth of the West has been
in growing towns, in settled farms in great
lines OF railway, in vast agricultural develop
ment, all of which goes forward more rapidly in
the west. Those investments in the West take
the place of the cash deposits which the labor
ing men of the East have placed in the savings
banks but the ratio OF increase of prosperity
under the protective tariff for the last twenty
in favO IF tba
West as against the East, SO that the policy of
protection has not proved sectional policy.
Why, gentlemen, there is no longer the old
distinction between manufacturing States and
the agricultural States. Do you reckon your
selves here in Indiana an agricultural State
simply? Your manufactures this wear in the
State of Indiana have a larger cash value than
your total agricultural product. Manufactures
are no longer concentrated on the eastern side
largest center of steel manufacture in America.
It has run ahead of Pittsburgh, and, under the
influence of this tariff the manufacturing in
terest has spread each year farther and farther
westward, bringing the home market nearer and
nearer the source of food supply, and proving all
the while to every intelligent voter in he coun-
try that the nearer you bring the food consumers
to the food producers the more certain is the
prosperity of both.
had occasion to show the other day in Mich
igan from indsputable statistics that the little
region of New England-with not so much pop
ulation as Illinois and Indiana, with scarcely so
much Illinois alone-I had occasion to
snow UnaG UnaU 11UUle af6H WIN SIX small states
takes from these Western States than is
shipped to Old England and that those little
States take from the other States of this Union
every year in food and raw material for manu-
facture the enormous aggregate of over $780,
900, 90 in money. Add to that the amount New
York, Penns ylvania, and New Jersey take from
the South, the Southwest and the great West
and you have aggregate of more than 81 000,-
900, coo of material and this country will have
realized the great objective point of the tariff
system when every agricultural State shall have
its market near to the producers.
Farmers of the West, you have been
planning of the price of wheat and enormously
charging the fall upon the protective tariff?
Why has wheat fallen during the last years?
Because you have to meet in the markets of
Europe the wheat of Russia that is raised in
that vast country with labor that is not more
than 8to IL cents a day and, beyond that you
are meeting vast imports of wheat from India
where England has been expanding hundreds of
millions of dollars to cheapen and expedite
transportation to Europe. Neglect your home
market and the larger amount you will find I'M
salabIe and the harder will be your competition
with those hard worked wheat producers on the
other side Suppose you turn half the manu-
facturers and mechanics under the basis Of
free trade-suppose you turn half of them into
wheat producers and farmers, isn't the market
of the farmer cut off just that much and the
surplus of his product increased? Suppose you
add another $50 900 900 bushels to the product of
the West, where will you market it? Where
will you find the men who able to pay for it
who want to Pat9 RememDAr gentleman ia