davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

NAsassIos. Ialy g. Fer Aieaissa
sDd - sesasia Lsesl rslns signify warm
e. foli0Eel Thursday 1isat D. stsfloesFy
lsn persl4rs. zsnsra-lg s0sltnersy vtnds.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

II NssteT Mhsons Interested = ths
-rsctlsn q Nssnns Tsnrse srs rssasss.s
q uesf this svsnins ~ zssssic Hal I.zon-
81 a. elccx sssrp
81 orSsE 81 Cszaisss
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Only TIE choicest selection q wheat &
nsed il man snsfscsaT.Bg Broras Psssrt
Ior~
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

TIE crlv fesrsxicn Powder "a fha
Torli ikst r. ~,tsoGt vnirsrifv ~.Ass,t
70 90 1ssr. snd vitAort scu5f
lsaga6sz, : Pszzcaix
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

A few fancy parssois Jeff which will be
sold cheap TO close them out
NeTeT. HERFoIsBrIsER < Co.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

lake Kemp's Liver Pills for eiliousnes..
hesdsche, ssliov osmplsxloa. Price =
cents. Tihbs' drug store. - konro.-st
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

We hs~s inst fs- Ls5iss' ard Chi.
Grsr Psrss0s isff which 1ii Be sei1 :,
priEss 10 sci then.
NoIar. HFEroIsHErx. 4 Co.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Vs s-s oT-rins exfrsordiasry bsrrsins
- csTp~t r.nnsuts
NolsT. HxsroIsEETwEs 4 Co
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Remnants - carpets - TsT-si- az
BruSSsss sf E-essiT --71oed rrio-x
Fe1s7 r vspo1sEsrxFs &ra
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Tn. Democratic stat. Central Cousrnfst..
and Candidate Burt M..t arr. Toa.x

Chairman l. ". Weston makes The an
nouncsment that the Democratic State
Central Committee vii meet a, The Morton
House AZ ? O'Clock this afternoon. With
he committee vii be Wellington r. Bart
The candidate for Governor.
NJ Burt vii remain At The Morton dur
ma the evening, and rill De zlsd 70 ses
sny of as tTieuss, political or otherwise
Who choose 10 cal on him.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

No~ . fhs tire % buy g.zzsoI. Al
Ssrssc.s a. ~0st
En-er- HFsrel-sEsrrEs 4 O.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Nofkirf kaf srssse fe- B~svr sssrss-F
80 BrowHs fsis1s Fiez-, h5z a ~hs
Gse <
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26


a IAss Of sAsss .sss pss-sss..sly ssla
Tie folle.inE s'e tas 2sxss ef sons o.
tie o.kiag powders pubAsasd ., ths Dab-
le suGnOnIss a. bsaas asas froEa sials
ksntoB, Davis
SILVER ctaF &P
Forest City, HeEkls
Oae SPOON. Ne Pies Ultra
Pstspsco kuterprlse
E0EiEs. au Be Bsst.
GOLD Eureka
Veteran, lnlerHstisnzl
COCKS Fsvorits. Puritan.
suo Flower, Ai0aay Fsvorite.
Jersey, Golden Sne1f
Buckeye BarEetts PsrEsct.
Peerless state,
Crown, Silver King.
" neslera Nelcoue
Carleton. GA Colony,
CEN. Crystal
ce 90, Centennial
Llpps Grape CFystal, Gem.
Geo. Washington. Windsor.
fisar d. lis. Sovereign.
kezthtr Weight. Daisy
Ihete arc doubtless many other brands Of
alum baking powder beside thOse 50 lar ex-
sfuinet and named by the authorities
Aosi 4f the baking Powde sold IN bulk,
BY Se tgbt. and al sold with gift or pres
ent. a. ts said 10 be Of this description
Prot Wiley. Chemist Ia CkIef OF zoe De
paEtm ent OF Agriculture st Washington.
ID G, says The use OF slUm IA baking
powders IN large quantity. IN place Of other
acid salts. should DC prohibited by law"
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Ds nsg pSl &C taking . mediocre Nnn-
sroas httls s1lAeR&- II Dex seolec val soeI
kresx 0p The s.sssxa- Isks hsod's Ssr.
s<rsrtils n0s. u sxpel eiSezse sRe give yog
strexftk anc spp<sise.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26


nk bENREFF
will oe si the ksgls House Ihursdzy snd
frlesy july . ana - enc ever four
weeks thereafter. tic Is Treating th0ss
c3ses Of Hernia Rapture. Hvdr0osls. Nesl-
e0Csls every wesk. aud every one De treats
be Eets wsli. ~ill u0i treat o1s thss = ln-
earsbls nor hold OUT Inducements for them
ana mind you. the most oi shem hSss only
. small opening These can De sof eel
every time better 80 aud sec him when be
is hsre and sei his opinion. Free oonsUil. -
ten IA 0srm4n oT E0gllsh.
Special sac CT Carpet Eemnents
NoioE HEkFoIsaENEK & Co.
DEIKolT, LASslNs & NokEHkKN RsGlWA1.
GENEKAL AGESfs OFHCf.
July a So
We ere now ready 10 receive freight for
our Bsw line. Until our freight house >
completed al shipments will ne handled al
tie q. X. & !. freight bocse-
Gao. L sN.TR,
OeRersl Agent.
psrssofs ~ roSf - Nafcf Harr.l "a a. r,,. /.
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

Csrpet rensxnts - os sold cheap.
NOIsT. hssPeIsEsINxR 4 O..
Telegram-herald., 1888-07-26

TO the Patrons Of the @. r. Electric LIGHT
and PO,oer Company and the Bushes,
Public generally.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
HOUSEHOLD TOPICS.
The Cellar the Best Place in Which
Begin Spring Cleaning.

The Cellar the Best Place in Which to
Begin Spring Cleaning.
While cellar under the house is
very convenient place for storing the
family supply of fruit and vegeta bles
during the winter, yet great precau-
ton and watchful care is necessary
that this same cellar does OF become
breeding place of fevers, diphtheria,
colds and malaria. In the average
family cellar we usually find, in addi-
ton to fruit and vegetable supplies, a
barrel or two of pork. a barrel of
vinegar. one of soft soap and box or
key of soap-grease- To prevent the
vegetables from freezing. every crevice
where air or light might enter is care
fully closed. l have even seen the
windows of cellar covered with
blanket of barn yard refuse
and manure to keep out the
frost One does not need to 90
into such a cellar to be greeted with
mixture of odors. 1t finds its way
through the cracks of the floor and
permeates the whole house Vegeta-
bles and fruits will decay. mold and
mildew grow rank, in such place.
and for all the noxious gases arising
from decay there is no escape except
upward into the living rooms of the
family.
1t is generally conceded that dry,
well-ventilated cellar under q house
adds to its healthfulness. but very few
houses have cellars of this kind. 1t
81, ba ho+
tables could be stored outside the
house, but if they are kept in the
cellar, instead of herme tically sealing
every crevice at the first approach of
cold weather, and leaving it so far
into the spring. take advantage of
every pleasant day during the winter
to throw open doors and win
dows and insure thorough air.
ing. If there is danger of frost get
ting into the cellar, it is far better to
put little stove in it. than to keep it
entirely closed. This will also serve
TO ventilate. in measure. If the
chimneys start from tn e bottom of the
cellar, an opening in them will serve
as a ventilator. If there is no CHM
ney in the cellar. let a pipe. for venti-
lation, start near the bottom and 60 up
through the kitchen floor and connect
with the kitchen fue. Watch care
fully for decay of fruits or vegetables
and leave none to poison the air of
the house.
Don't leave the cleaning of the cell
lar until the last thing in the spring.
Rather begin housekeeping there and
just as early as possible have all yege-
tables removed. good coat of white
wash applied to all parts of the cellar.
and let the sweet, pure air have free
entrance. Farm and FSreside.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
GAIN WITH LOSS.
Darwin's Humility in Speaking OF His Dis
like for Poetry and Music.

III
like for Poetry and Music.
During the latter part of his life,
Darwin, the naturalist, was grieved to
find that his power of approaching and
enjoying beautiful music and poetry
had almost entirely left him. Until he
was thirty the products of these higher
arts delighted him beyond measure,
but after that time he could scarcely
endure reading line of poetry; only
novels, among works of the imagina-
ton. retained their hold upon him. 1t
is interesting to know that the great
scientist did not sneer at such pur-
suits, merely because he had ceased to
feel an interest in them. He speaks
of his deprivation with mournful SIM
plicity. wondering if the higher part
of his brain had become incapacitated,
for want of use, while his mind had
grown into "a m achine for grinding
general laws out of facts" His hui
mility in speaking of the subject may
well prove instructive to lesser minds,
who have no scruple in conforming
what they do not fancy. He says:
"a man with mind more highly
organized than mine, would not, I
suppose, have suffered thus; and if 1
had to live my life again. 1 should
make rule to read some poetry and
listen to some! music at least once
every week. The loss of these tastes
is a loss of happiness, may possibly be
injurious to the intellect, and, more
probably, to the moral character"
But in his youth. Darwin was pas
sionately moved by music and its
sister arts He often spoke of Pc
culiar sensation of GOODNESS or shiver-
ing in his back on hearing beautiful
music, and an old friend quotes re-
mark made on the occasion of their
hearing fine anthem. At the end of
an exceedingly impressive part he
turned TO his friend, asking seriously.
and with deep sigh: "How's your
1t is to be hoped that we have all
been sufficiently happy. at some time
in our lives, to have become familiar
with that very sensation.-Youth's
Companion.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

10 De impressed upon the punilc mind
Is the advantage 10 be gained by a
reasonable amount of physical exer-
else during the whole period OF life.
william Cullen Bryant kept himself in
a healthy bodily condition up to an ex-
IRENE old age by taking long daily
walks, and by swinging a chair, in
stead OF Indian clubs, around his head
each morning and evening. Bancroft,
the historian. keeps mind and body in
tune by daily horseba exercise. while
MIR. Gladstone has been able at an adj
Vanced age to perform enormous
mental work by the physical stamina
which he has maintained by cutting
down trees in his park. These are
only few out of large number of
instances that might be cited, all going
to show that health and life may be
maintained and mental powers con-
tinued unimpaired through old age if
the obvious needs of the body are not
neglected. Herald
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
Liberte, Ega1lte. Fraternits.

A Paris Socialist the other day went
into the office of the mayor of the Elev-
enth reimbursement and asked to see the
register Of births. He had just been
made the happy father of daughter.
To the usual question as to the name of
the child he declared she was to be called
"Egalite." The clerk said that by the
law of the French capital that name was
illegal. lively conversation ensusd,
during which the Socialist declared he
had taken triple oath to the effect that
if he had three daughters their names
should be Liberte, Egaljte, and Fraternte
respectively. Liberte had been born and
christened in the provinces, and now
Egalite had come.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
SOME POPULAR ERRORS.
Nutritive Value of Corn Grown in Different
Parts OF the Country.


Parts OF the Country.
There has been some little consider
alton given to the nutritive qualities
of corn grown in different sections of
our country. One would think that
the great difference in climate IN the
vast region which produces this cereal
would give many variations in the
corn produced. The differences in the
corn do not seem to be as great as
those in the climate. There seems to
be no appreciate difference between
the corn grown in the East and West,
as shown by chemical analysis. There
are. of course, differences between
given varieties of corn, but the same
corL grown in the two sections is es-
sentially the same. There are many
popular errors in regard to the differ
ent varieties of corn. The greatest
difference lies between sweet and COM
mon corn, the former being de-
cidedly richer in albuminoids
and fats. and the value in nu-
triton much higher. There is
general belief that Southern corn is
better than that grown in the North.
The distilieries and starch works pay
more for corn OF own south of the Ohio
river than they do for that grown fur
Their north. Chemical analysis does
not indicate any appreciate differ
ence between the corn grown in these
two sections; still, it il claimed, and
probably Lorne out by experience.
that the Southern corn will make bet
ter bread than the Northern. This
may probably be explained by the
fact that the Southern corn comes to
market drier and sounder. that there
is less of it not entirely ripe. and that
it is harder. This condition would ac-
count for the fact that there can be
more starch made from Southern corn,
and the difference in structure would
mean some difference in tile character
of the bread produced. There have
been, however, comparatively few
analyses made of Southern corn, while
there have been many made of that
grown North, and further considera-
ton may develope some chemical
difference not yet shown. Indian
apolis Corn Miller.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT.
Its Great Public as Well as Personal Adj
vantaSes Plainly Apparent.

Its Great Public as Well as Personal Adj
vantages Plainly Apparent.
In Germany and in England. partic-
ularly i'm the former country, dyspepsia
has been almost an unknown COM
plant, although those who have ever
lived in Germany must be aware that
the demands upon the digestive organs
imposed by the food regularly con-
sumed by the people have been. and
are. quite as exacting as similar de-
mands male upon the people OF the
limited States But among those in
Germany who lead sedentary life the
physical force acquired by the gym
nas,ic training of their early days has
remained with them throughout life;
while, in the absence of such prepara-
ton. our American professional ana
business men have not been able to
stand the tests which ordinary modes
of living have imposed upon
their physical structure. Fortunate
ly for Us. a great and benencen.
change has taken place, ana
with a continuance of the present
popular feeling in favor OF physica
exercise, the coming generations Oh
Americans are likely to be healthy'
robust and active in their bodies, as
well as energetic and persistent IN
their mental work. That this will be
of great public as we'll as personal
advantage seems to us plainly APP
parent There have been instances IN
which men suffering from physical
diseases of an exceedingly painful
character have been able to perform
admirable mental work; but TINS is
the exception rather than the rule,
for it is ordinarily the case that q
man can not think in a clear ana
healthy manner when the physical
basis of thought is in diseased con-
dition. We know that the greatest
national successes have been won by
those people with whom physical ana
mental development went hana ~
hand; hence, a change in our own
system which brings 1t into con
formity with past and present expert
ence elsewhere is in every resPec.
to be applauded. But what ousnt
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

of good health is found in the regular move
ment of the bowels and perfect action of the
Liver. These organs were intended by
nature to remove from the system all i'm
purities. If you are constipated, you offer a
G standing invitation to whole family of
diseases and irregularities which will sure
ly be s. accepted and you will have guests
unwelcome and determined. All these I'M
happy conditions may be averted by the
timely use of Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Purga-
tive Pellets. Powerful for the effectual reg
ulation of the bowels and Liver, establish
ing q healthy action of the entire wonderful
organism with which we are created.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
Henry W ard Beecher.s Grave.

Mr. Beecher's grave is marked by bed
OF floral decorations, which are gradual
ly falling to ruin in the rain and winds
The entire mound was originally con-
cealed by blanket of white immortelles.
Across this and woven into it were bands
of purple blossoms so arranged that they
formed the letters n. W. B." extending
in length to the full width of the grave.
The immortelles have turned to a dull
brown, and many of the petals have
blown away, but the marking of the
initials is still distinct.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
OIL Upon Troubled Waters.

During one of the storms happening
lately experiments upon the uses of oil in
an agitated sea We're made at bunker, in
France. A small boat with oil sacks at
tached in front was sent out. The oil
oozing out of the small holes in the sacks
subdued the waves, and the seamen in the
boat, who in such weather would, without
the oil, have been drencbed, were perfect
ly dry when they came back.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
HOney-nOon.

Say, Perkins, old boy, why don't we see
you at the club any morea Has your moth
the fact of the matter is, my home is so
happy now that there is no inducement for
me to leave it. You look increduIous, but
it's q positive fact. You see, my wife used
to suffer so much from functional derange-
ments common to her sex, that her spirits
and her temper were greatly affected. 1t
was not her fault, of course, but it made
home unpleasant all the same. But now,
Favorite Prescription, She has been SO well
and so happy that we are having our honey
moon all over again"
NEVER nick a nuarrel before 1t Is rina
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
A Mighty Strange Town.

Here. what are you doing~
asked the janitor of the Potter build
ing. of wild-eyed granger, who was
rushing across the roof to the cop
ings on the edge.
by ginger, that's queer!" was the
astonished reply. Il stepped inter a
little Office when come in. and the
hull buildin' begin to sink. Fust
thing I knowed. she stopped; and
now, when git out, I find m'self up
N the air bout four mile. Queer
Mace. this York It'd Bits.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
A lady stepped into her sleigh

A lady stepped into her sleigh on
Wabash street, the other day, and.
taking up the reins. talked to her horse
like this: Get up!' go on. Billy!"
Get up. Get upr' BILLY, why dom t
you eop' ''You horrid brute!'
..Wbat stupidr' The horse, despite
oil this. stood stock still Then his
mistress spoke to gentleman who had
been watching her: .Can you make
this animal start, sire" He politely
bowed. came forward, unhitched the
horse. and patted him on the neck.
Then the animal started. ST Pa"s
Globe.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

is vast sum of money, entirely too much
for the dealers of this country to pay un-
necessarily, yet that enormous amount is
exactly what drummers cost the merchants
OF the United States EVERY YEAR. You can
escape every penny of your share of this
consuming tax on your cigar purchases by
mailing. your orders to r. W. TANsIIL &
Co., Chicago
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
rhree Rottle. cure Catarrh.

ELI ROBBINS. Runpdn p. O.. Columbia Co..,
Pa, says: "My daughter had .catarrh when
Sage's Catarrh Remedy advertised, and pro-
cured a bottle for her, and soon saw that it
nent cure. She is now eighteen years old and
sound and hearty"
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

HALE's Honey of Horehcund and Tar re-
lieves whooping cough.
Pixies Toothache Drops Cure in one minute.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
An Enemy witt, the Rhenmati.m

May be safely pooh-poohed. He is seldom
active. Look out for him, though. when he
has used Hostetter's Stomach Bitters for
while. for ten chances to one that benefcent
restorative will make him well enough to
bricks when YOU least expect it. Dyspep-
STA, constipation, neuralgia, kidney COM
plants and malarial maladies are among
the bodily affections completely sc knocked
out" by the Bitters.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

CRIMINALS and old books are bound over,
but mummies never
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

The defendant in murder case often
hangs upon the judges words.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

A SLIGHT COLD, if neglected, often attacks
the lungs. Browns BRONCHIAL TRoCHEs
give sure and immediate relief. Sold only
i,s boxes. Price 25 cents.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

If afflicted with Sore Eyes use DR.. Isaac
Thompson's Eye Water. Druggists sell it Csc.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

3 months treatment for SOC. Piso's
Remedy for Catarrh. Sold by druggists.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
THE MARKETS.

IT never reduces the size of a claim
against the Government to file it-Puck
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

To MAKE money go as far as possible, you
have only to give it to the Chinese missions
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

THERE must be chunks of wisdom in soli(
Iogic-N O. Picdyune
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

WHEN q widow is left " all for lawn" she
comes naturally by her weeds.-Life.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

USE the surest remedy for catarrh-Dr.
Sage'S
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

CLEANING upsets two things badly-a
house and watch.-Iuck.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
Two Hundred Million Dollars

A CUFF ON the wrist is worth a dozen on
the ear.-GOlden Days
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
s CIAT A..

SCIATfCA.
misery.-It is instructive to note from the
catalogue of diseases that nine-tenths of
fatal cases reach their chronic stage through
stupid indifference to a correct treatment
when the system is first assailed. 1t is easily
shown that thousands of lives could besayed.
NERVOUS PAINS.
Tofture.-For instance: ScIArIcA, which so
sorely affiicts the human family, and which
is defined to be neuralgia of the sciatic
nerve, rheumatism of the hip-joint, or parts
adjoining it, hip govt, pains in the Ioins and
hips, even in its mildest form never seizes
its prey without due warning.
SYMPTOMS.
Acute.-Sudden and acute pains in the hip
and loins; redness, swelling, tenderness,
soreness, fever, lameness and sometimes ex-
cruciating pains. The disease rapidly devel-
ops into chronic or infammatory stage.
TREATMENT.
Cure.-Rub the parts affected thoroughly and
vigorously with ST. JACOBS on; create q
burning sensation by the friction of rubbing
on the Oil; apply warmth; fianDels wrung
out in hot water.
Sold By Druggists and Dealers e e,yarhere
THE CHARLES A. VGGELER CO. Baitimore Ma
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
.Constantly Hawking and spitting,,

THOMAS J. RUSHING, Esq, s9os Pine Street,
ST. Louis Mo-, writes: 81 was great sufferer
from catarrh for three years. At times could
and splitting, and for the last eight months
could not breathe through the nostrils. I
fly, was advised to try DR.. Sage's Catarrh
Remedy, and / am now well man. believe
it to be the only sure remedy for catarrh now
manufactured, and one has only to give it @
fair trial to experience astounding results and
a perruanent cure.n
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16

NEVER pick a quarrel before 1t Is ripe
Burlington Free Press.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1888-02-16
.untold Agony from Catarrh.n

Prof. W. HAUsNER, the famous mesmerist,
of ithaca, NJ Y, writes: "Some ten years ago
I suffered untold agony from chronic nasal
catarrh. My family physician gave me up as
incurable, and said must die. My case was
such q bad one, that every day, towards sun
set, my voice would become so hoarse could
barely speak above a whisper. In the morning
my coughing and clearing of my throat would
almost strangle me. By the use of DIR. Sage's
Catarrh Remedy, in three months, was well
man, and the cure has been permanent"