Arizona weekly citizen., 1888-06-30
pesorintiou of Cstalpa. GiIa O., A. T.


 The river here flows through narroE valley, shut ID by high hilis. The soil ' of this section is fertile snd produces large crops of barley. snd come waesi, the former ersin beIDg the s.apla pre- duct. Sorghum and Egyptian corn are siso raised. The aver. ge number oi acres cultivated Is abOut eighty Gores tt each farmer 'thoDgh each clam the ore | hundred sud sixty acres whion the gov ernment allows.
 Here, as elsewhere ID ArlZon0, the farmer IS obliged to irri2ate hIs crops fo- which purpose Ssit River furnishes E | abundant facilities The ranches are irrigated by fresh water from spIiOgs, and on these ranches certain vegetBDies, ' which do pot do well when irrigated with salt water can be grown success fully.
 Stock raising is not second iu im- portEnce to The agricultural intsres'-. the two forming the only occupation O. the people. There are DO large cattle cornpsules hers, snd the different Lerds, numbering from one 10 SIX hur rdred be- long 70 individuals.
 No minerals have ca yet been found. To-re ie no manufacturing 0: any and.
 Our latitude is B deg. 26 min, loogi- tuae no deg, 45 mn.
 Globe, The county seat of Giis county is sitnsted tuIriy miles south ot Catsipa-
 Our nearest railroad station IS CHs a GrAnde, one hundred and twenty uile- from here. The Sl:itude Is two thousand two hundred and elgEty feet. Average tempcrat.Ts about sixiy-tbTee degrees. TLs average rainfall Is from eight to ten ipches. There is 10 enUw fall worth msn,iouing.
 Pinto, Salcme, Cottonwood sad Tcuto are creeks tributary to Sal. riyer; nl- though Ton.o Is tha oniy one that ls not dry the greater part ot the yeET. The country draiEsd by 1onto creek Is a psrrow valley. called ToDio Basin. Very little farming is carried OF, there nOt be- jag enough water for irrig4ting pur- poses. The mouth ot Tonto creek IS about ten miles west of OEtalpa.
 The western boundary of the White Mountain Indisn Reservation is cnly fifteen rliles distsnt from us at i.s near eel point. On thIs Reserve l. is judged there are about i've thousand Indians of the various Apache tribes. Almcst every summer at the besinnicg oi the rainy season the ChirioahuRs or White Noun tsins, the two most troublesome tribes among the Apaohes. break out 'iO the ter rorot the settlements snd isolsted settlers in the surrounding country. We have had an "IndIsn scsre" annually for the last six years: but. ss Jet, no one has been killed by them ID thIs settle ment. It hss often been feared that ,be Tontos might join the reneRades Tn ieav- ing the reservation, ID which case this section of country would surely suffer, |: being theIr old stamping ground" As the ChirIoshuas are now removed II IS thought there will hereafter be less trOu ble of this kind
 The first permanent settler here w0s Hr. Geo. Dsnicrsh. He came here 70 1876, and has one of the largest and best farms and is cne of the most sue cessful farmers on the River.
 There IS 10 church here, but housr ipteDded for church purposes Tss built about three years ago. IL IS three miles from Cstalps. No services have been held during the last year. The building IS used ss & school house by District No 9. The only ether pubic building is our school house. DissFic tNo. f. There are eleven private dwellings in th.s d9stf.c constructed resDe ctiyely or ado5F, lum- Der, logs ard poles, ihcss of Inc las. are oslled stockades. ihe poles being Set in- 10 the ground Eiie by side clore together
 Mr Juhn H. BrsEs,er a native oi Pennsy lvauis ID hIs eighty-frs: yesr, r. the oldest man on Sals River. Hs r. superaunuAted and IS supported by !he county.
 As for vegetation we have on the hills | szFk kka nF~ the most poticeabls being the sshuaro, or gisnt cactus cnollE, nigzer head. cen tury plant prickly pear aud occotIllc, Palo verde. grsse wood, Spanish bsycne, or soap rlsrs snd nsscsl are also p.sB- G!uL The cat claw IS everywhere. Mes quite IS the orly wood growing O. am clstsrce from water. Along ;be rive and creeks there are cotton good. ash sycamore. elder. walnut E3d willow. The cotton wood and willow are most pientl.
 uL Sage brush grows tbiekiy every Ghere. When r4ss becomes scarce cat tie are obliged to make their living b, browsing upon 1t. The Psst yesr hs. been SO dry thst feed bas been very scarce and some cattle have starved sS death. Oi the grasses grsmma snc bunoh grass are the most important. We have the u-uRl domestic animals horFes, COW, sheep, dogs, snd cats. Un I'll Tecs ntiy large herd of SOat- s1noy cd bo.h farmers and stock rEisers, a. they sometimes tres passed oD the rau. ches, damaging trees and vines wb,cs had cost grea. deal of money aud pains m planting snd caring for them, sDd hs cattle will not grsze where goats -uu they were R great annoyance to cattle ] ! rae E, IA animals are coyote, wild eat, lynx, fox .sccoon, skunk ard boar. Deer sre sometimes seen in the valley but more frequently in She mountains. Bears and mountain lions kill considerable nun. ber of colts snd calves in the mountains the latter also making 8 rad Oa the farmers pigs and corrslled calves. Birds are plentiful and of SO many varieties, that could not mention sll even if knew their names. The best known are mockIn g. brds, which are also csged and tanned; red birds, blue jsys, ground EwBlloEs, road-runuerg, owls, hawks of the chicken sad fisb-ea.- ing kinds. snd multitudes of black birds. In the winter season the river is alive with different species of ducks. Ind not seldom We see Eild geese. Wild turkeys | sometimes come to the valley.
 RsttiesrGkes are the only poisonous variety, but they abound, The grey variety is most numerous. There are q great msny kinds of harmless snakes some of them very large. Lizards are plentiful, and Gila monsters are often seen. Centipedes, also, are found On the rocky hil!sides.
 Fish are plentiful in Salt River, al though great numbers have been de- } stroyed by giant powder. Those best liked are salmon and suckers; the other kinds are 30 full Of bones that they are , not pleasant eating.
 We had Q shock Of earthquake on the } third of Nsy. IL is tte only one ths, hes been felt since settlers came here.
 The ruins which gre on nearly every mesa are interesting to most people, There are so many piles of rock and ] mounds ID some places that one would think there must have been large vii. lagee in this country years ago. There are also two caves or clIff dwell ings. about ten miles from us. The first settlers here found them tirbereo, and 10 much better condition than they now are. Pieces of broken pottery ere scattered over the mesa about the rams.