The Atlanta constitution. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1885-19??, 1888-08-28


people; he is free trader, who looks upon
your market as much his and as open to him rs 10
taxes him 10 diminish the burdens borne by your
own citizens This is protection, simple ana pure,
aud Is the exact character OF That which we womb
apply 70 foreign nations teeking our MARKERS Qur
fathers recognized this principle II was enpha-
sized IN the second act eyer passed by we congress
Of United States The ringing words OF that
declaration for industrial independence wish
might find lodgment in every American heart:
Whereas, II is necessary for the support OF tne
government, for the discharge Of The debts OF the
nation, and for the encouragement ana protection
of manufacturers that duties be levied on imported
goods wares and merchandise"
A more positive declaration IN favor Of the protec
tive system II Would be diihcult 70 nHd language 10
express This was the
FIRST IMPORTANT LEGISLATIVE DECLARATION
under the federal constitution. The only other law
that preceded 1t was that ofixing the oath of Office
of certain federal officials. II was made even before
Washington was inaugurated. 1t subsequently re-
ceived his sanction, and it is fact not without sig
nificRnce that his approval given TO 1t on day
memorable in American history, the 4th of July,
1859. II had the approval ofJaInes Madison, Rufus
King Roger Sherman, Trumbull, Lee, and host of
other leading men from all parts Of the union.
Additional tariff legislation was had in 1870
Some duties were increased. The journal Of the
house ofrepresentatves dscoses the fact that ofthe
one were from the southern states tair-
teen from the middle states and rye
tRe thirteen votes e@ against e no we're from the
New England states three from the southern states
aud one from the middle states 1t will thus be seen
that we are largely indebted to the south for the
Inauguration and establishment Of the protective
system in the United states which has for the most
part governed legislation since the formation of
the government. For nearly sixty years of our
national life this principle in its fuiiness has been
recognized in our laws and whenever recognized 1t
has been accompanied by commercial and indus
trial development. stimulating new enterprises, and
securing prosperity to the masses without parallel
in the worlds annals.
The revenue tariff periods of our history have
been
and industrial docadence want ana poverty among
the people, private enterprises checked, ana puDhe
works retarded
From S28 to 1872 under the low tariff legislation
then prevailing. business was at u sandstlll and
Cur merchants and traders were banErupted; our
industries were paralyled, our labor remained idle,
and our capital was unemployed. Foreign products
crowded our markets. destroyed domestic competi-
ton, and as invariably follows, the price of com.
modtics to consumers were appreclabiy raised 1t
Is an instructive fact that every panic this country
has ever experienced has been preceded by enormous
importations.s From 1916 to 1861 similar situation
was presented under the low tariff of that period.
Contrast this period with the period from 1850 to
under protective tariff. In 1860 we had 1863 000000
acres of improved land, while in 1880 we had 25I,
100000, an increase of 70 per cent IN 1860
our farms were valued at S3,20,000,00O. In
1850 the value had eGped to Sl0i97 0000J0 an In
crease of over 800 per cent In 1870 VIC raised 49,,
100000 bushels of wheat; In 1880 495,1O0 600 In
1860 raised 83s 600 600 bushels of corn in 1880
LIZ 900 00 bushels In 1860 we produced 100000
bales of cotton; in 1890 100000 bales an Increase
of 40 per cent In 1860 VIC manufactured cotton
goods to the value ofSll568l,1 IA in 1880 tho value
reached s2ll 0JO000, an increase of upwards OF 80
s6i ooo G6n in Issn sSG7 ooo oto M ncreose az 93S
per cent. In 1860 we produced 60000,00) pounds of
%e"ri 9oo aT cont n Ia w. ,nit,od ~ M oed
tons Of COAL I'm 1880 10 000000 ions, increase Of
% 1yu ~ ,ad cox ~ d Wy W. e 9SaVuo .oS %
faetnred 54, no0 TONS Of roynod iron and in $50
l,20S 900 tons. In 1850 our aggregate Of national
O00 - Woo '''O''''V''
WV pvpopre ANN rupoprs
r., 900 @ isen Ano ~! III ,,
a. Floii loto 70 IoVo, Huillt5 she NV 'allH petIou
H. VIZ ~ ~ Saio !St w iG ~ NJ ~ led 20
trade during the twelve ofthe thirteen years was
arainst us onr neonle were drained of their money
10 nav for foreign pnrehasee. Ne sent abroad over
and above our Sales SS9G 2i6 16I This vast sum was
from the channels Of trade, which would have been
better eInployod in proiuctye enterriaes aud thus
supplied our wants Tor which we were compelled 10
spoteetve taTlH there was bnt one veaT hat H.
balance OF trade was against us For twelve years
we bought n G from them he snm Of 81 Is "'
This con trast makes an Interesting exhibit Of tie
work under the two systems. You need not lie tod
fbdt TIE government and The teone are mast ,sos
nel0us whose balance az trade ii ID their ftvor 1e
royernruenf Il like fie ciizan iiifeea X iut an
aggregation OF citizens; mud when the citizen buys
more than he sells he Is soon conscious that His
year business las not been success. '''''
our wealth increases Ss75, 900 every year,
while the increase Of France is S875OO0 600,
Great Brcat Britain S325 00Q.000 aud
Germany s2OO,C0n0.0 Tho total carving eapacitv
ofa The vessels entered ana cleared from American
ports during the year $50 81 in the foreign trade
was ~ 0OO, 600 tons The amount of freight trans
ported by the railroads OF the United States was
alone 40 600 900 tons during the same period
The sum OF our Industries exceeds that OF any
other people or tribe or nationality. Alulhall the
English statsticiau, places the industries of the
United States at sllf05 100000 annually, which is
dom Of Great Britain, nearly twice that of France
or Germany. nearly three times that Of Russia ard
almost equal 10 the aggregated industries ofAustrO