Waterbury evening Democrat., 1888-08-04

by 65 per cent than in protected France, and by the further fact that wages have gone up in England during the free trade era. MT Giffen, the president of the Statistical society of London, ill an address on ''The Progress of the Working Glasses | in the Last Half Century" delivered few years since before his society, showed this latter fact very clearly. The least increase shown by any occupation in the fifty years is 20 per cent; in nearly every case the | increase is more than 50 per cent; and in one case, that of the Bradford weavers, it exceeds 150 per cent. Nor is this all. At the same time that his wages have been in | creased, the English workingman's hours have been diminished, the nine-hour day being generally prevalent in England; the average reduction of hours MT Gitfeh estimated at 20 per cent. This same fact of an increase of wages and q diminutlon of hours in England has likewise been shown by NJ. Emile Chevallier, French political economist. In his work on l 'Wages in the Nineteenth Century" he says: "The English workingman has ob- tained in fifty years an increase of from 90 to 100 per cent in his money wages, and diminution of 20 per cent in the duration of his daily work; he has there fore made an advance in round numbers of from 70 to 120 per cent"
 English workingmen, under free trade, receive better pay than the breadwinners of the continent under protection. An absolutely accurate estimate of this superiority cannot be made owing to the difficulty of striking an average from the bulky statistics, but MT Chevallier shows enough for our purpose when he says; ''The United States, then, hold the high est position; wages there are B per cent higher than in Australia, S4 per cent higher than in the United Kingdom, 162 per cent higher than in Germany, and 205 per cent higher than in France. Great Britain, in it's turn, shows a rate of wages higher by 42 per cent than that of Germany, and by 65 per cent than that of France" In pro- tected Germany the working people do not appear to reap very great advantages from protection. In a volume of reports just issued from the state department the situ- ation there is shown as follows:
 ''The wages of the working people re- main about the same; in fact, they are sc low that they could not we'll be much lower As it is, the laboring population of the empire have constant battle to wage against want and misery Hardly man is able to earn enough to support his family in the simplest manner without being aided by his wife ir some way. They eat the plainest food, and dwell in forbidding looking, overcrowdeG tenements, and oftentimes a whole family dwell together in one room. Meat in some parts of the empire is a luxury obtained but once or twice week. Long hours ol labor, scanty food and poor compensation is the rule among them. Black bread anG potatoes make up the cheap diet of many of them. They cannot live with any de cency on the wages they get"
 Protection, in fact, is not the most poten element in raising and sustaining the rat' of wages. Other conditions exercise chief interest, such as the energy and re sources of the workin people, the capacit J and perfection of machinery, and tht duration and intensity of application. Blu there is no one influence so potent, and a the same time so certain, as that mentioned by Senator Sherman in a speech at Spring field, H., on the 1st of June, 1887. 'Thert are," he said, ''some things that laws can not do They cannot regulate the price O.
 labo~ or anything else. This can only b, done by the law of supply and demand" "