davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
1t is indeed a very selfish and an

1t is indeed a very selfish and an
uncharitable act in any newspaper
who would try to descry one section
of our State to advance the interest
of personal ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. There
are persons who might gain some
thing by understanding that pull.
ing down your friend and neighbor
to build ones SELF" is a very poor
way to gain popularity, and encour.
age a good class Of people to come
and dwell among them. What we
say and have said Of our parish and
bay are uncontrovertible facts, which
can be proven at any time, notwith.
standing the false representations
made by parties totally unacquainted
with this section Of country and its
surroundings. The statements made
by us concerning Vermilion bay are
from navigators who are thoroughly
acquainted with the country and the
coast from here to the Rio Grande
since their boyhood, and parties
living on the bay, who have no inter.
est whatever in making false repre-
sensations. They are not the hired
agents of large corporations or would
be monopolists, but gentlemen Of
undoubted integrity, who have no
other interest in view than the vel.
fare and prosperity Of the country.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

From definite information receiv.
ed, it is estimated that over 500
families will move to Acadia,
Calcasieu and St. andry parishes
next fall and winter. They will
come principally from the Western
States. Now il the time to adver.
tise your extra lands for sale, and
let immigrants know what our peo-
pie are willing to do to secure more
good farmers to develop the wealth
lying in our idle soil.-Opelousas
Courier.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

Col. G.. Il. Parker, editor of the
New Orleans Picayune, is favorably
mentioned for tax collectorship of
New Orleans. No applicant is more
deserving, If we were asked to
mention any one man to whom the
success of the reform administration
is due, we would unb%esitatingly re-
ply, G. Harrison Parker.-East
Carroll Banner.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
Letter from jennings.
JENNINGS, La, july i, Il

1881
Editor Abbcville Mergdional:
You will see in the .Ame,icen Of
Lake Charles. Of July 4til, al article
headed, "Vermilion hay as q posi-
bic harhor." Now | know of no
such intention to make it q harbor!
Surely the It. Paul, Alexandria.
Jennings, Lake Arthur and Gulf
railroad Company have no such
design. TIE aim AID desire of this
company is TO st past termilion
bay and intersect the Southwest
Pass where there is a depth Of 1870
feet of water I; this is the line I have
marked out for the railroad above,
which will do. What is beyond the
Pass in the gulf l am unable now to
say but was told by sailors and
others who pretend to know, that
after q distance Of. BALI a mile from
the outlet, there is abundant water
to float the largest ships that sail the
gulf, and there is a channel varying
from 40 to Is feet in width, with a
depth lat this date) of II feet aud q
strong current continually passing
through this channel from Vcrmil-
ion bay to the gulf. The coast If.
vey probably never discovered this
channel, and it is difficult to say
what changes may have taken place
since the survey was made.
It is unfair for Lake Charles to
throw cold water on this prelimiu.
airy work until q thorough examlna.
ton is made, and then if the condi.
tons are found to be as stated in the
american, the road, ~(referred toy
will probably end Ut some point on
Vermilion bay, and the company
will have to connect this road with
light draft boats, as Lake Charles
now does, and may ever have to do.
But il a deep water harbor awaits
it, then tho projected Watkins and
Kansas City Railroad lin my opin-
ion) will pass through Lake Charles
to this harbor, which will be OF
greater benefit to Lake Charles than
to undertake the task of bringing
large ships from the guilt through the
Calcasieu river to the city. This
company has no intention to deceive
any one. The distinguished en-.
gineer mentioned in the American
found, no doubt, what I have already
seen myself on the coast survey
chart, but I intend to make a more
thorough examination of this par
tieular point, and then the facts will
appear as / find them.
KAssoN FREEMAN,
Chief Engineer Of st. P, A., j.,
l.. A. Il G.. r. r.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The City Item Gays that while
there has been too much rain for
cane and cotton the rice crop pre-.
sents q splendid appearance and will
give q heavy yield with a favorable
harvest season. Notwithstanding
the rains the cane crops generally
are fine. With a spell Of blowing
weather to finish laying by, the
sugar crop can stand still more rain
without much injury"
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
Notice.

Proposals foc keeping the public.
ferry known as the Campbell settle.
meet ferry" are invited, to be laid I,a-
fore the Police jury at their text recu.
lar meeting, July 9, 1883. The inrv
reserve the right to reject any and all
bids. ARCHIE YOU'VE. Clarb
June 90, 1888.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
TAKE NOTICE.

Hunting on the lands of the under.
signed, at Little Belle Isle, Cessac ranss
is heneeforth prohibited. Any person
caught trespassing upon said lands. NV
hunting, after this date, will be nros,.,
cuted tothe full extent of the law.
CEsSAC Bros. :,
Vermilion parish, La, June 30, lssa,
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

"Vivian," writing in the Baton
Rouge Star, says there is rot a posi-
lively ugly mai in the State Sen
ate.-Echo.
Probably her optieals were SO
steadily fixed on the handsome ones
that she could not at that time see
any Of the others.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
Notice to C~Ontractorr-

Notice is hereby given that the con+roa.
to build a bridge across the bayou uus,cs
Tortue, viii be sold to the lowest NV; 800
on the 23d of July, 1888, at the stow 81
Jean Castex. at Mermentau. Bridge to III Ha
l4U feet long with d width of 10 feet 20
JEAN CAsTEx
June so. 1888.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

Never was there q better time
than the present for persons who
have property in this parish for
sale to advertise. Frequently we
receive letters of inquiry as to the
price Of improved and unimproved
lands. We scan hear of a number
IN our parish who have enc lands
to sell, but We do not know their
prices; therefore we would advise
them to advertise, that those who
wish to buy may see, open a or
respoudence aud consummate a
trade. Now that the tide of i'm.
migration is turning in this direc-
ton. it behooves every one of US
to offer all the facilities we can, to
thoee who come to live among US.
make them feel comfortable, and
SHOW that they are welcome.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

A new political organization has
recently sprang up in Texas, known
az the Farmers and Stock Raisers'
party. A convention was held at
Fort Worth and nominations made
for q full State ticket, headed by DR..
HIS. Broils for governor.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

Louisiana State Fair aud Shreve.
port Exposition (third annual fair)
takes place at Shreveport, La, No
vember 9Th to 10th inclusive. $25, 900
IN premiums and purses will he
awarded. Liberal premiums for
parish exhibits. The only fully
equipped fair grounds in the State.
Interesting programmes each day.
Some of the 6uest ace horses III the
United States have already been
entered. For premium lists and
general information, address NJ. l..
Scovell, Secretary, Shreveport, La.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The Lake Charles Commercially has
entered its eighth volume, and its
editor speaks en%couragiugly Of the
future prosperity Of it and that beau,
tiful city. We wish it many more
years Of success.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
NOTICE.

Bids for the keeping of the draw.
bridge at Porry's Bridge, for one wear.
from June IL, 1888, the same to be pre-,
sented to the Police Jury on or befoy1
the 9th day of July, 1883. The right
to reject any and all bids is reserved
ARCHIE YONG, Clerk.
June %, 1883.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The Fourth Of July was generally
celebrated throughout the country
in the shape o: barbecues, firing Of
cannon, and other amusements. It
is one day in the year all true Amer.
leans should revere by public and
other demonstrations.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The reunion at Gettysburg of
Confederate and Federal war vet.
eraDs was a grand affair, and the
best Of feeling prevailing among all
present.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
Sherif's Sale.
A OF LOUISIANA.
Parish of Vermilion.
18th Judicial District Court.
No. 305.
Charles Hernandez
Charles Hernandez


Homer Lemaire.
ID by the Hon. 25h Judicial Dist. Court
in and for the parish Of Vermilion. in ths
above entitled and numbered suit, and I,
me directed, l will proceed to sell at yuh.
lie sale, to the last and highest bidder, for
cash, with benefit Of appraisemert, at tho
courthouse door in this parish, on
Saturday, July =, lsss,
between the hours of II o'clock .. IN. and
4 o'clock p. H., and continuing from day to
day If necessary, all the rights, titles.
interests and demands of the defendant,
in and to the following described property.
seized to satisfy said writ, to wit:
A certain tract of laud situated in thix
parish OF bayou Tigre, measuring two and
one-half arpents front on said bayou by q
depth Of thirty arpents; between parallel
lines, bounded north by said bayou, west
by land OF Benjamin Leblanc, south by
lands of Pierre Leblanc Tor Lebrun) being
ct Leblanc in 1875. by act passed before
Leo Perret, Recorder.
Another tract of land, situated in the
same parish, measuring one and One-duar-
ter arpent front on said bayou Tigre, by =
depth of forty arpents between parallel
lines bounded north by said bayou Tigre,
west by land of Norbert Leblanc, south By
land Of Nicholas Meanx. and east by Eu-
Glide Sonnier; being the same property
purchased from Bienvenu Langlinais, by
act of sale passed before c. Mouisset, then
q notary public.
Given under my official signature thia
I'd day Of June, 1888.
H. B. LYONS. Dep-Sherif.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
NOTICE.
Land Office at New Orleans, La,

Land Office at New Orleans, La,
July 9, 1888.
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has filed notice of his inten-
ton to ma make .h final alp proof ofd IN support m9I1 TT Of aI his
before the Judge or in his absence, the
Clerk of the District Court. at Abbeville,
La, on Tuesday, August IA. 1883, viz
Euclide Adam, who made Home Entry
No. 1884, for the SW quarter, Sec. 90, tp
II, S r / East. Southwestern District, La.
Meridian.
He names the following witnesses to
prove his continuous residence upon. and
cultivation of said land. viz Placide
Mouton, Don Louis Gaspard. Alexandra
Trahan and Noise Vincent, all of VeImil-
en- Parish. Louisiana.
THos. }, BUTLER, Register.
July :, 1885.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

A dispatch from Chicago states
that one J. Aldrich Brown possesses
twenty.three wives, and claims to be
a much abused man.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

Algiers, La. has a weekly news.
paper, the Press. published by
Mcssrs. Petersen e. Herr.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The Sunday law will be pretty
apt to remain as it is.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
ConstabIe's Sale.
A OF LOUISIANA,
Parish Of Vermifi0n.
Sixth Justices Court.
No. 6S.
Wise g. Bartels

NO. %. -E<-
Wise e. Bartels
vs..
Isaac ChOate.
DY virtue of a writ Of fieri faclas lssueu
d by the Hon. Sixth Jqstice's Court ri ,h IN
and for the parish of Vermlllon' IA it ~
me directed, I will proceed to sell at pub
lie sale, to the last and highest bidder tos
cash, with benefit of appraisement. az ,ao
office of the Sixth Justices Court. III lhi'
parish on 1850
between the hours of Ii O'Clock q. H., anu
o'clock p. M, and continuing from gay
to day if necessary, all the rights, t1sie.'
interests and demands Of the d~etendsar'
in and TO the following descrl bed hIop
ty, seized to satisfy said writ. to VII
One-half interest in a wagon. III,
Given under my official signature 'htS
30th day Of June, 1883.
4. B. FAUX, Constable:
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The Berlin Post declares that the
Emperor William has no idea OF
waging wal merely to win laurels.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

The license bill will probably fail
to pass, and the one of 1886 remain
in force.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

See new advertisements in another
column of this issue.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
o SALE.

Fifty barrels first quality open
kettle molasses, cheap for cash, for
terms apply to W. l.. VANsLYKE.
Abbeyille, La, Feb. 10, 1888.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07
Aux Sounds.

Une personne guerie de % an
Dees de surdit6 ct de bruits d'oreilles
par IN remeje simple en- enverra
gratis la description a quiconque en-
fera la demande a NICHOLSON,
1T MacDougal Street, New
York. July I, 1888.
The Meridional. (Abbeville, La.) 1856-1906, 1888-07-07

Sale of fine property to-day.
, 1888-01-05

This gives mean for the eight years
of lT.5l inches of rain water. Last year
was an exceptionally day season, as is
shown by there having fallen only I2S7
inches OF rain during the whole year.
L have record kept by the late S. S.
Bulkeley, showing that in 1868 but II. OF
inches of rain fell during the whole year.
More rain falls at Seattle, Tacoma or
Olympia than at Port Townsend, while
at Neah Bay. the banner place for rain
on the whole coast, the average is 12O
inches during the year. L have known
aud recorded rainfall at Neah Bay of
inches in "a hours, and 1872 inches or | l
feet of water during the year. Stormy
winds from the southeast and southwest
thai sweep over our peninsula, while
they do not permit great precipitation
of rain, are health giving breezes, and it
| Is their Influence that makes the climate
of Port Townsend so remarkably salu-
brious. There is not on the earth, so
far as the records show. more healthful
or invigorating locality than this penin-
sula. There. has never been an epidemic
| disease here since Port Townsend was
| first settled. and its healthfuluess is fur.
ther shown by the fact that nearly all OF
the first settlers are still alive, and of the
| few who have died, their widows still
are In robust health. The salubrity of
this climate may be accounted for. The
winds sweeping down through Hoods
Canal and Admiralty Inlet come through
the great forests of frs, and bear with
them the fresh air from the mountains
and the salt air from the deep waters of
the bay and inlet which twice in every
twenty-four hours are renewed by the
intiowing tides from the ocean, bringing
with them the warm Japanese currents
which keep our winter temperature so
much above the freezing point. And the
westerly winds which come up the Straits
If Fuca bring the fresh air from the
ocean, which, sifted through the forests
OF fir, spruce and cedar bring a balsamic
odor grateful and healthfuI. The sur.
geons of the United States Marine Hos.
pital here and the lceal physicians all
testify to the purity of the climate and
the rapidity with which patients recover
from surgical operations. Present indI
cations show that there will be large
immigration from California to Port
Townsend Peninsula this year, and il
will be pleasant for these coming set
tiers to know that they will locate in the
most healthful region on the Pacific
Coast.
, 1888-01-05

Nr-. : u. tiew.ry, who t.= H.. -.-
/ jn- Rev.Hn' Mrs. j. \. b.'.s.r .--.ras
weeks past .'tl Yesterday ." ..T r-'.u
t. i."E bonn. .h = ...'.G. '--
TIL. fresh southwest h-.z. e last
sunday lrau-h' ~ quite . a..t "f v.~
s.'s. ard lis q c2ns"I1. .n"r, t'vh"at= bad
a busy day '' "amua'e- '.. Nv h..9
Capt. l.. H- Hastings Is running fl
. E..o-Trl-" un'1. f." "l.'"..i r-.H-r-
. frm tH.-.n"''r. "--n r." E"'"-#r.-.
. Will "r i..i 'p .'1 repairs. .a.' '.' W hi
wo.d "..i -H 'a tire bay r.Hr"-
III. N T.. church. WAS we'll filed .r
. N.-.l., evening. y ...r.- ta... first even
r-., .- fr.. g,...... .r rIrt--- s-v...=. Mr..
/ NIrrI.y r-a.H.. ..-- .y..-n-. Tl.s.
services --,.5-. tsf..- interesting, .-
ry.-. rE.. revival -.....5r.r- .r r..-. z..r.r--
u. ,.......-.. .... -..-.s
..7. r..l......-.,...1 H.. r......r.. .-.-
4.,.....s ...,,. ..,-,,....l I.. I,..,.
/ ,-.,.. r.- n =. ,-.~....,...,. has,. ,....,-., ,
T.. c-.,.,,.......7 ,,,rl I..-...r..- d..
r..-,..4.4lr- R--r,-
,,
.- "" ''
'''''t .''.' ''''--'
/ A''~'' ana, .''.'
''-t''l' " '-' '''
''.,,, 80 W, ~ '''' ''
'r' v '.,'' ''''' -li.''-l 90 .,'. ''' '-
',..''''' '''''1 ,''
l. VI I. y NAN was H'!'d '"H'aE Ill
teThoon toF once. livery a''!I.'"'e sent
was "ccup'ed' ana many h"' l" s'"L',''
, 1888-01-05
Fort Townsend Rainfall.

b.. Jas. q. swami
The peculiar formation Of Quimper or
Port Townsend peninsula, as may be
seen by by maps and charts of Puget
Sound, causes the prevailing winds in
winter, which are invariably from the
southeast to southwest. to to blow with
an energy which carries the rain clouds
over this point, with comparatively little
rainfall. Mr.. James Smith who, since
1880, has kept meteorological record,
and has measured The precipitations of
rain and snow with government stand
ard roin guage, furnishes the following
result;
, 1888-01-05
From weurcsaay's Daily.

Write it 'SS.
1t is NJ. Peyser & Bro. now.
What's the matter with this weather?
Week of prayer services at the NJ. f..
church every evening.
Str. Pioneer is running again after
having some boiler work done.
.dessrs. Clapp & Feuerbach are fitting
up their banking rooms in fine shape.
Steamer Dispatch did not leave until
late Monday-engine repairs caused the
delay.
Frank Plummer relieves John Stolter
as book keeper at Mr.. Clapp's store at
Dungeness.
IL. l.. Tibbals, Jr., made quick trip to
Vancouver, returning on the Premier
yesterday morning.
Rev. q. n. Hauge, Scandinavian pas
tor, was to arrive this morning, to re-
main over next Sabbath.
We have received from Eshelman
Lewellyn & Co., of Seattle, one Of their
handsome new years cards. II is neat
and attractive 10 design.
After the next national battle shall
have been fought out 1t will be discov-
cred that Cleveland did it with his little
message.
We must congratulate the OregOniGn
upon its unexampled holiday number.
1t is literally "the boss" of the north
west.
Jas. Jones. j.. who has been attending
school in California, has spent the holi-
day season pleasantly at home with his
parents.
As will be seen by our advertising
columns. the str. Evangel will make one
weekly trip to Dungeness and Port An
geles, returning the next day.
Str Idaho is due here from Portland
AT 3 O'Clock 'his af.e-pnon. There ar
about lme! tUua 81: fleIguG Oh tut
wharf, waiting for shipment.
, 1888-01-05
q Souud zeal ODEnou.

E. Blainbridge Munday Esq, County
ATTY, Clay Co., Tex. says: Have used
EIectnic Bitterg with most happy results
My brother also was very low with Ma
Iarial Fever and Jaundice. but was
cured by timely use of the medicine.
Am satisfied Electric Bitters saved his
life"
Mr.. d. l.. Wilcoxson, of Horse Cave
KY. adds like testimony, saying: He
positively believes he would have died
had it not been for Electric Bitters.
Lhis great remedy will ward off. as
we'll az cure all Malarial Diseases, and
for all Kidney, LiAer and Ltomach Dis,
orders stands unequailed. Price 50C
and 81 at Z. d. Hui & Son.
, 1888-01-05
BTacs CD

You are feeling depressed, your appe-
tite is poor you are bothered with head
ache, you are figiJy, nervous and gener-
ally out of sorts and want TO brace up.
Brace up,but not with stimulants, spring
medicines or bitters which have for their
basis Tery cheap bad whisky, and which
sIimula es you for an hour, aud then
leave you III worse condition than be,
fore. what YOU want Is an Alternative
that will purify yOuF blood, start healthy
action OF the liver and kidneys, restore
your vitality and give renewed health
aud strength. Such medicine you will
find in Electric Bitters. and only Scots, q
bottle at N. ID. Hill & Sons drug store.
, 1888-01-05

The above statement is conclusive
that the foreign shipments of lumber
from Puget Sound have fallen off,
but the coastwise coal and lumber
shipments have nearly doubled in
the past three years. The total ton
mage engaged, as above stated, was
7S9,S97 in 1887. while in 1856 it was
but 51S.376, an increase for the past
year of 272,52l tons. The whole
amount of tonnage engaged in 1886
was S19,4S2, in 1887 it reaches L no.
600, including steamers touching
from the Sound to Victoria and
Vancouver.
, 1888-01-05
Electric EsitGrr-.

This remedy Is becoming so well
known and so popular as to need no
special mention. AIi who have used
Electric BItters sing the same song of
praise 4 purer medicine does not exist
and 1t Is guaranteed t. DO all that is
claimed. Electric BtlerS Will cure al
diseases of the Liver and Kidneys, will
remove PimpIes, boiIs. salt rheum and
other affections caused by impure blood.
Will drive Malaria from the system
and prevent as we'll as cuTs all malaTIaI
Fevers.-For cure Of headache, coustlpa-
ton and indigestion try Electric Bittcrs
Entire satisfaction guaranteed, or
money refunded. Price 80 cts. and
Sl00 per bottle at \. d. HILL & Son S
drug store.
, 1888-01-05
The Verdict Unanimous

W. d. Suit, Druggist, Bippus, Ind,
testifies; Il can recommend Electric
Bitters as the very best remedy. Every
bottle sold has given relief i'll every
case. One man took six hotties, and
was cured of rheumatism of 10 years
standing" Abraham Hare, druggist
Bellvile, Ohio, affIrms: THE best sci.
ling medicine l have ever handled in my
90 years experience, is Electric Bitters'
Thousands of others have added theil
testimony. SO that the verdict is unaui
nous that Electric Bitters do cure all
diseases OF the Liver, Kidney or Blood
Such medicine yon will find i'll Elec
tric Bitters, and only 80 cents Il bottle
n. ID. HILL & Son.
, 1888-01-05
Their rsusiness TLnomlng.

Probably no one thing has caused such
IA general revival of trade at n. ID. Hill &
Sons drug store as their giving away to
their customers of so many free trial bot
ties of DIR. Kings New Discovery for
Consumption Their trade Is simply
enormous in this very valuable article
from the fact that it always cures and
never disappoints. Coughs. Colds, Asth-
ma, Bronchitis, Group and al! throat and
uug diseases quickly cured. You can
test it before buying 10y getting a trial
bottle free, large size 81. Every bottle
warranted.
, 1888-01-05
From Fridays DaiIY.

Sudge Swan returned from Seattle yes
terday.
Seattle, in the midst of vast coal
field, is suffering from coal famine.
Str. Biz !oNed the British bk ]. H.
Bowers to Discovery yesterday afternoon.
Rev. Geo. R. Osborne, pastor of the
N. E. Church at Whatcom, was recently
married.
Another southwest storm approaching.
So say the signals on Capt Biondi's
flagstaff.
There will be rattle for a handsome
satin sofa pillow at the Reception at 10
q. m to-day.
Morgan & Hastings have purchased
the steamer Wildwood, aud will use her
in their local business.
Miss Minnie Hastings and Miss Lucy
Littlefeld returned on the Olympian yes
terday from Victoria.
The edItor was unable to attend the
board OF trade aud citizens meeting on
Tuesday evening-but is glad it was a
success.
Next week will be the national
p'ayer-as recommended by the
Reiicai Alliance, with a special So
for each evening.
1e editor has been sick abed few di
"itb severe cold, and an sggravate
case OF the dumps. His humorous bump
Is active, heweyer.
Our iongshoremen will be glad TO learn
'nat the Pacific Coast Co. has reconsid-
sied ITS actiun. and will hereafter hire
'hem to load and discharge cargoes here.
Capt. E. A. Nickols has decided to