The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898, 1888-07-27
AN INDISPENSABLE TOOL.
How the augur Was Discovered and How
1t Is Manufactured.

1t Is Manufactured.
The principle of the augur now in
use all over the world is said TO have
been discovered by accident. In $780,
Benjamin Pugh, an Englishman, while
watching some boys working eadeavor-
ing TO bore u hole in the ground with n
piece of iron barrel hoop, noticed thai
after the hole had been sunken some
distance into the earth. and the piiable
metal of their improvised tool had be-
come heated. it twisted and carried the
dirt up to the surface nicely. and he
could not see why tho same principle
should not apply to wool The inven-
tien.of the augur WAS the result
The screw-augnr WAS an American in
vention. n was invented about one
ls1dred wears ago by Thomas Garrett.
who lived in ths vicinity of Oxford.
Chester County. Pa. where most of
tiiesblack augurs are still made. Most
of the bright tools are made in the East.
but one of the principal manufactures
il in Philadelphia. The old-fashioned
pod augur is still used in England and
Germany. The single screw au CUR is
also an American invention. an was
dis, overed by accident by Phladel-
.phian. 1t is the only augur that can
be used to any satisfaction in very hard
woods where the double screw augurs
become ciogged.
In.the olden time and until less than
fifty years ago. the feature of the
manufacture was the excellence he
could produce inquality. and rs nearly
every thing was made by hand. il did
not receive the beautiful polish that. at
the present day, adorns the cheaper
and inferior implements. In preference
10 n polished surface. the inventor aud
manufactures of double twist augiirS
made the twist black and unpublished
IL thus showed the handwork that had
been put upon it. and it is still vel
known fact that handmade tools ar,.
far superior in quality and workman
ship to all others As manufacturing
industries increased. augurs began Ia
be made with high polish and beauty
but the consumer soon found They
were Of inferior quality. and would in
quire for the black twist augur. know
ing it to be the old-fashioned. genuine
kind.
Although every one Is perfectly
familiar with this commonplace to ].
but comparatively few know the pro-
cess of its manufacture In making
augnrs the iron which forms the main
or spiral part IS welded into the steel
of which the tip is made before for5-
;nu The bar then is put under ham,
mers AND forged into shape It's then
put into what is called a "wringing
machine and twisted up in rcu .h
shape into the spiral form. after VII oh
it is passed through 'crimpers' Civ
Uniformity of twist The augurs are
next pnt through "straighteners an
revoived. ma ing them per
[ec;ly straight when they arp
ready for putting en- the head. which
is the most delicate operation in their
manufacture. and requires the work o.
skilled artisan. They are tn sub
iected to grinding out process.
which consists of putting hem through
two rubber wheels to rough polish the
twist. The filter mp then takes hold
of them and '.lightens' or fits the head;
then the iilers file down and sharpen
the heads. after which they pass through
the nds of the polishcrs. whore they
are polished and hardened ready for
market-St0Uts and Ear3rdre.