Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1888-05-29
Electric Welding.
DprrREsr Metals INSTANTLY JcrsrD
TOGETHER.

a. IN. end Of which are placed clamps, Il
which one of the t~o units Of metal Il
firmly screwed. Thi. el.mpins prinei
pie. apart from certain minor ,eehnIes
peculisri,ie. In the method Of applyin,
the current. /. the principal point Of ,h'
invention. by ingenious notifications o
these clamps. pieces OF metal Of almos
any form can be 90 perfectly welded that
the poin, Of janetuie eanno, be di.,in'
sui.h,J. and that the strength Of tbs
oiht /. equal to any part Of the metal
The operation Of fa,ing takes bu, a
few seconds A very strong current Il
required. bu, only for limited time. and
. very gres, amount Of power is no,
necessarily needed TO produce the desired
result. The temperature Is an impor,an.
feature. but eAnno, be determined by any
definite rules. BIperienes. governed by
careful study Of the inesndesoenee Of the
metals. 1. the prineip.l factor TO success.
BY the color Of the Welding point, jus, a'
an ordinary blacksmith judges Of the
proper temperature Of hi, too pieces Of
metal. mus, the important moment when
the pieces 10 be welded reach jast the
hight heat be determined. The temper.
.,are ri.e- 50 quickly that !, Is eoneen.
ua,ed directly upon the weld, and no,
diiIu.,d over the bulk Of the metal. Il,
|. applied fr., TO the center OF the bar.
-o,king thence outward. and the
proee. i.. therefore. directly the reverse
Of the ordinary method. This doub,les.
give. superior strength TO the Welding
point
Thi. form Of machine 1. used for
lighter work. requiring q moderate and
easily controlled electrical energy. The
second form. used for heavier work, Is a
plain uphsh, dynamo Of immense power.
by mean. Of which the euren, works
directly through conductors Of grea, con-
esnuaiins ability. The more powerful
machine. .of eourss.i, only used In repair
ing broken ,haf, or doing some other i'm.
por,.n, piece Of work. In the frs, two
piece. Of wrough, iron iol. inch in diam
s,sr. we're placed in the clamps. The
alignmsn, Of the latter ]. regulated 90
perfectly as 10 make practically s,raish,
bar Of iron after the welding vi. COM
plsie. The electrical earen, va. ,urned
on by the mo,smsn, Of the rheos,a, ham
die. The end. Of the fragment. imme-
di.,sly turned rd. then yellOw, and
emitted . few sparks. and the Welding
-as complete. The operation was IA.
i.hsd 10 five seconds. When the solid
bar Of iron va. taken ou, Of the clamps,
90 perfectly was the heat concentrated
upon the poin, Of jaheiure tha, the end.
we're quite cool. The hes, soon spread
outward. and made the rod uneomfoi,A.
oily hot. No chemical OF other foreign
substance. excepting the usual pinch Of
bor.S used in ordinary welding. !, EN-
ployed in the process. Thi. !. necessary
in order to keep the points Of con,se,
clean. When the proper fasins Poin, !,
reached . moderate pressure !, applied
fofring the two snd. firmly together and
completing the union Of the hbres. In
thi. case the current had an electrical
energy estimated a, one and one.h.lf
volts.
Next. the welding Of two pieces Of
copper rod. one.h.lf inch In diameter.
va. effected. In the first trial the tenn
pera,ure Wa. rather too high. =. the per.
son operating the machine va. some
What inexperienced. and the regular
velder VA. absent. The metal fused al.
mos, Immediately the ine.nde.eenee run
ming quickly up both rods for .boa, an
inch on each eide the welding point.
The copper boiled and dropped like seal
ing wax held for minute in = gas jet.
Owing to the excessive heat, poor
june,ure Was made, but only In 30 far a.
l,i, the All. Of tie complete rod no; per-
fec,ly true. The second trial resulted in
a .u.ish, rod Of copper. which only re-
Qaired the fling away OF = Sigh, pro-
lection. The rod wa. then screwed hrm-
ly into wise and twi.,ed completely
around once. showing the Poin, Of jane'
ture to be as strong a. the original sub
stance. In both cases the rod near the
weld Was slightly orydiled.
one highly polished rod ". made
up Of alternate sections Of brass. cop
per, German silver aud iron. Msllsa-
DIE iron, wrought steel, or cas-, steel,
may be hammered into shape at the
weld while the metal is red hot. ex-
.e,ly as an ordinary smith does II. A
peeulisri,y Of the electrical process Is
ih., /, requires but very lish, ham.
mers and strokes. Several cast steel
ehisel., gougs.. etc, ~aieh had been
broken, were 90 .kilfully welded ,hA, No
one could tell after the dressing up
process, that they were not ne" tools.
C.s,.iron. which no smith has been able
TO weld. Is united as well a. any other
metal, and II il no, necessary to tinker
up . rough fracture. but simply to ft the
fragment. together as neatly sPossible,
Copper or lead pipe is joined in 50 work.
msnlike . manner tha, the inside diane
ter 1, no, materially diminished. Both
lead and copper pipes that had been
welded were twisted into all sorts OF fan.
t.s,ic shapes without yielding =, the
juncture. In one instance . perfect col.
lar Wa. pu, on = joint-,hst Is . ring
Was put on and welded on in the most
symmetrical and substantial manner
One solid steel sh.f,,sn inch 10 disms,er,
had been welded in two places. aud II
was impossible to detec, the joints. The
same may be said Of . eis,'iron bar con-
.i.iing Of six pieces.
The practical uses to which this iaven
ton can be applied are almost innumsr'
able. Beside its value in factories iol
the repair Of tools, shafts, etc, aud gen
eral JOB work among mac hinis,s IL Il
adaptable to many form. Of msnufsctur-
ing. In steam and gas fitting, OF plumb
ing. employing either copper. lead OF
cast.iron pipe. .as well ss electrical fitting
II will prove invaluable. Every maehin,
shop Of any sire could probably emPlo,
one or more OF these machines. aud ever
an ordinary blacksmith, II power wer'
ob,ainable near by. could use small on
Il l..