davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1888-11-18
Turfinen Chosen officers.

New YORK, Nov. 17.-The American
Turf congress, which has been in con-
ference with Eastern jockey clubs dur
ing the week, elected the following
officers for the season of 1889: j. E.
Brewster. of the Washington Park as
ISOLATION, Chicago, president; Q. L.
secretary. The congress will travel
westward tomorrow, and arc next to
meet in Cincinnati to ratify the new
rules, which Eve to be submitted to the
Eastern association Monday evening
next
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1888-11-18
A Novice Knocked Out.

New York, Nsv. 17.-Jack Splann
and Ginger" Mccormick, both Of Jer-
sey City, fought eleven desperate
rounds. on a dancing platform near
Sands Point, Long Island, at an early
hour this morning. Splann, who is a
novice. was knocked out.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1888-11-18
NOWIS THE TIME

Holiday Gifts
in DIAMONDS SILVER WATCHES, GOLD AND
PLATED AND PLATED HOLLOW
WARE. FINE BEsONZES, GOLD
HEADED CANES quality
laid aside them
PRICES the city, will do well to make
will
friends
more the city.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05
DIRECTORY OF FARMERS OR
CARNATIONS.

FARMERS NATIONAL ALLIANCE AND COOP
ERATIvE UNION OF AMERICA.
President-C w. Macune, Texas.
First Vice ce-President-L. J.. Polk, n. c.
Vice Pres't for Ala-H. ?. Bone.
Eice-Pres't for Ark.-W. H. Moore.
Vice-Pres't for Fla.-Oswald Wilson
Vice-Pres't for ky.-S. B. Irwin.
Vice-Pres't for La.-Linn Tanner
Vice-Pres't for Mss.-R. T. Love
Vice-Pres't for Mo-A. B. Johnson
Vice-Pres't for N. C.-S B. Alexander.
Vice-Pres't for Tenn.-I H. Mcdowell
Vice-Pres't for Tex-M d. K. Taylor
Secretary-E. B. Warren, Texas.
Treasurer-A E. Gardner, Tenn.
Chaplain-Rev j. G.. Jones, La.
Lecturer-Ben. Terrell, Tex.
Asst Lecturer-J A. Tets, La.
Door keeper-Newt. Gresham, Ala.
Asst. Door Keeper-H. G. Brown, Ky.
Scrg' 't-at-Arms-T. Z. Groom, Miss.
NORTH CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE
President-S B. Alexander, Charlotte,
n. c.
Vice-President-T Ivev, Ashpole, NC.
Secretary-L. L. Polk, Raleigh, N. c.
Treasurer-J. d. Allen, Falls, n c.
J.cturer-Geo. Wilcox, Carbonton,
n. 6.
Assistant Lecturer-D. D. Mcintyre,
Laurinburg, n. C.
Chaplain-Rev. E. J. Edwards, Cedar
Creek, n. c.
Door Keeper-W. H. Tomlinson. Fay
etteville. Y. c.
Assistant Door Keeper-R. T. Rush,
Mt. Gilead, N. c.
Sergeant-at-Arrns :. Holt, Chalk
Level, n. c.,
THE NORTH CAROLINA FARMERS ASSOCIATION.
President-EGaS Carr Old Sparta,
Edgecombe county.
B. F. Hester, Oxford, Secretary; S.
Otho Wilson, Vineyard, and w. E. Ben
bow, Oak Ridge, Assistant Secretaries.
STATE GRANGE PATRONS OF HUsBANDRT.
W. r. Williams, Falkland, Pitt county,
Master
H, IT. ]. Ludwig, Mt. Pleasant, Secre-
tary.
NORTH CAROLINA STATE BOARD OF AGRICUL-
TURE-orFICERs.
John Robinson, Commissioner.
7. K Bruner, Acting Secretary.
DR.. H. B. Battle, Chemist and Director
of Experiment Station.
John T. Patrick, General Agent Immi-
grafton.
n c. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
w. G. Upchurch, Raleigh, President;
John Nichols, Raleigh, Secretary.
NORTH CAROLINA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY
President-J. Van Lindley, Pomona.
Secretary-S Otho Wilson, Vineyard.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05

What ever you receive cash in any
trans action, you must charge cash
with the amount; for instance, if you
sell five fatted hogs at $40 each you
would enter: Jan 5, To chash for
hogs $50; placing she amount in the
debtor column. Whatever you buy
and pay out the cash for, or whatever
cash you pay out for any purpose,
should be in the credit column. This is
an important account and probably y will
contain more items than any other, un-
less we except the household account.
In many cases, as when we purchase
number of articles at the store for use
in the house and enter these items in
the household expense account, one
item in the cash account as cash as
per household expense account will
answer. The cash account should al
ways be sufficiently explicit to show
how all the cash has been expended
as we'll as from what sources it has been
derived. The difference between the
debtor and credit colnmns of the cash
account should always be the amount
of cash you have on hand, SO that
this account is alway easy to prove.
Like everything else, if you under
take to keep accounts, take pains to
do the work as nearly correctly as
possible.
The next account that should follow
the cash account is the household ex-
pense account. In this should be en-
tered as nearly as possible the items
that go to make up your living. 1t Is
always an item to know what it costs
you, and your family to live, and the
correct means of ascertaining this is
to keep accounts of all there is to
keep. This, perhaps, will require the
most attention, as SO many articles are
required, yet, if you have never kept
accounts and have labored under the
impression that farming does not pay,
keeping an account of this kind may
aid considerably at least in convincing
you that your living costs something
and if you succeed in making this,
you are probably doing as well as the
majority of folks.
EDoN, Mo. N. J. SHEPHERD.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05
RALEIGH, N. c., JANUARY 5, 1888.

now that the light of investigation is
dispelling the darkness and driving
back the mists and fogs Of trickery
and first class rascality, beneath which
the great monsters have been hidden,
that have been devouring not only the
surplus, but the lions share of the
hard earnings of the people, that thou
sands Of our farmers are still sleeping
upon their rights, or are still deaf to
the warnings of their friends, and the
cries of help from the down-trodden
and oppressed
The question is often asked, "Why
is it that the great masses of farmers
are SO slow to move in their own self
defence?" Or "Wey is it that farmers
gre the only class of men on earth
but that will unite and act in concert,
IN harmony, in unison, act together
for their own protection and advance
ment? Are not the interests of farm
ers Identical? Is there any reason why
they should not act together? Is it
reasonable and just that the masses
should be oppressed that the few shall
prosper? Is it reasonable that the
man who has his millions needs pro-
lection against tho man who has com
paratively y nothing? Is it not strange
that thousans of farmers are still NOV
ing on in the old ruts, and are uuwil-
ling or afraid to sign the declaration
Of independence
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05
STRANGE, INDEED.

There are many strange and lncom-
prehensive things constantly occur
ring, which oAt reach the average, if
not tie very bes minds. And one of
these strange things is, that farmers,
otwithstanding that within their
ranks there are to be found men of
the very first talent, men of keen per-
ception and we'll posted with refer
ence to the great political and econo-
mic question, affecting not only the
state and nation as such, but the great
lutsses Of people have borne with
such patience the grievous wrongs and
srre expressions that have been heap
cd upon them. 1t is said that ''self-
preservation is the first law Of nature"
and this holds good universally, ex-
cept when applied to farmers. They
have, seemingly, devoted much time,
zeal and money to forward the inter
est Of others They have listened with
great enthusiasm, and even with rapt-
urous cheerings and applaudings, to
the bombast gush and silly vaporings
Of those whose sole object was to dar-
ken council and deceive the farmer.
1t is strange that though the farm
ers comprise more than onehalf the
population of the United States; that
though they produce the larger por-
ton of the wealth of the nation, and
furnish the raw material which feeds,
clothes and gives employment to the
entire world, that yet the law making
powers of our land, nor the farmers
themselves, have discovered that they
needed protection or were entitled to
share in anywise, the fostering care of
that government which they have SO
heroically and uncomplaingly sup
ported. But it is strange still that
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05
FARM BOOK-KEEPING---No. 7.

From the Agricultural Journal an Stock Breeder.
Any plan or system of farm book
keeping must, in order to be of much
practical benefit, be simple, easily kept,
and require as little time as possible.
Usually the farmer has plenty to do,
and especially SO during the growing
season, without attempting any addi-
tional burden. Considerable has been
said what ought to be done in this
direction, so that there is no need of
stating this over again.
One book will answer This avoids
confusion, and good book Of or
quires, ruled journal style, one that
is foot long by inches wide and the
thickness given, will give plenty of
room, and can be purchased at not
over dollar almost in any store
In commencing, you want an inven-
tory of what you own, the farm-stock,
implements, grain, feed and everything
you own on the farm. Put a fair
market price upon each article as near
as possible what you would be willing
to pay if you were purchasing. Make
also list Of those that owe you This
all added together should show yon
what you are worth, unless you are in
debt, when of course this should be
deducted. Every man, no matter in
what business he is in, should make
an inventory every year to determine
how he stands financially. Make this
inventory in the back of the book SO
as to keep it for reference On an
other page draw a plan Of the farm
and divide and number the different
fields SO that an account can be kept
where it can be referred to easily.
The first account to open is the cash
account. Look up your pocket book
and count the contents and ascertain
the amount Of cash you have on hand
in this way:
1888. CASH ACCOUNT DE-. CR.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05
OFFICIAL ORGANS OF FARMERS
ALLIANCE.

National Alliance-SouMeJn Mer-
curry, Dallas, Texas.
Alabama-4Nlance Neacs, Calera.
Arkansas-tState Wheel Enterprise
Little Rock
Mississippi-IHe Farmer, Winona.
North Carolina-THE PROGRESSIVE
FARMER, Raleigh.
Louisiana Union, Choudrant.
Tennessee and Kentucky-7he
1oizer, Union City, Tenn.
Free Speech, Beaumont, Texas, Of
the counties of Jefferson, Orange,
Tyler, Hardin, Chambers, Liberty.
Florida-Farmers' Florida Alliance
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05
GREEN MANURING.
NUMBER IS.

During the past summer the writer
has made several experiments with
green crops for fertilizing purposes,
and for forage. One field from which
a crop of Irish potatoes had been dug
in June, was sown broadcast with
field peas, and produced crop of al
most twenty eight tons (green weight)
per acre. This crop was success,
and will give a large amount of
manuring material at very small
cost. The vines will be turned under
in January for potato crop.
Another potato field was sowed
with German millet for forage crop.
This was partial success as the crop
of cured millet was only one ton per
acre. A dressing of two hundred
pounds of fertilizer per acre would no
doubt have doubled the crop. An
other potato field was planted with
millet but the grass grew faster than
the millet and it was given up to
pasture.
A bean field was planted with field
-
bean stubbles, owing to dry weather a
poor stand of peas was obtained, and
the crab grass finally took possession,
and produced a heavy crop which
will be plowed under in January for a
truck crop.
A piece of clay land was sowed in
April with millet and d fair crop was
gathered in July, when the land was
broken, and again sowed in mlllet.
The last sowing was not success, the
land was not rich enough to produce
second crop. Millet succeeds best
when planted in April, May or June.
One acre of bean land, which was
planted with millet in June produced
nine Thousand pounds of cured forage
This was a very large and profitable
CROP but the land had the benefit Of
ten or fifteen tons of green bean vines,
which were plowed under when the
millet was sowed.
l followed about twelve acres of
peas and beans with cotton, which was
planted during the month Of May.
This crop was not profitable, as only
about three hundred pounds of lint
cotton per acre was obtained. A crop
of rye was planted in the cotton rows
at the last blowing and covered with
an Iron Age harrow, the rye is looking
we'll Dec 6th) and will be permitted
to grow until March when it will be
turned under for bean crop.
These crops were planted for profit,
or for the Improvement OF the land.
They have been satisfactory, and gen,
orally profitable, one-half OF the land
has received heavy coating OF green
manure at small cost, and will be In
good condition for the next crop.
Green manuring has made Belgium
land what it is, the richest IN the
world. A.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1888-01-05

&c, and SO on, until by careful cal
culation of Edward Atkinson, the
farmer loses fully 10 per cent of the
value of his cotton a writer in a
northern commercial paper lately sta
ted that a single firm sometimes made
from five to ten thousand dollars in a
single year from the picking of soiled
cotton; all of this falls upon the pro-
ducer. The merchant and the specu-
lator know the consequence and save
the margin.
In a crop according to the writer
above named) of six million bales
the loss to the farmer by the present
methods Of sale amounts to at least
thirty million dollars.
i: i: x r + * y
Farmers who are the best as we'll as
the most numerous of our population,
should be the best educated.
Every invention of labor by which
production is made easier demands it.
New discoveries, which create new
wants, which places society on high
er plan, demands it. The children of
million farmers and laborers in the
Old North State, catching and feed
ing the germs and inspiration Of this
wonderfully progressive age demand
it. Our free school system for it's man.
agement rather) needs great improve
ment but it's with the people to make
it better. The last Legislature appro-
priated the land script fund to the
erection of our Agricultural and Me-
chanical College. It was perversness
not to have done SO before. This Col
lege is intended to teach boys scien-
tifc farming and industrial pursuits,
when Latin and Greek will take a
back seat and mercantile arts will be
to the front. The Grange was the
first to demand that the land scrip
should be returned to the farmers as
they were the first to advocate State
Board Of Agriculture and the found
ing of the Agricultural school.
To Battleboro Grange is the honor
and to Capt w. H. Powell, the bro
ther, are we indebted for the first in
ception of an agricultural school in
North Carolina; they are it's first ad-
vocates.
Things are not what they once
were. The watchword of the hour is
organization The rich, who can ev-
er protect themselves, find it a neces-
sity-hence the banking, the manu-
facturers, the cotton, the merchant,
the commercial associations, and rail-
road combinations. The lawyers,
the doctors, the preachers, the me
chanic and all the laboring classes are
organized Even the farmers are
waking up and showing disposition
to organize as never before. He is
finding that scarcely anything is &C
complished without it. The railroads,
the churches, the schools, manufac-
tories are all built by combination.
He is learning that as the merchant
prices his goods, and the transporta
ton companies his products when he
shall be we'll and thoroughly organ
lied. He is learning that he has
rights never dreamed of in the old
philosophic methods of the good old
past Among them is that he makes
the bread to feed the world, the wool
and cotton to clothe the world, should
not allow it priced below what it cost
to make it. The Grange did much to
direct the thoughts of farmers to these
things. Even when it ceased to exist,
its influence, like the scent of roses
around broken vase, continues to
linger
Great Falls tribune., 1888-09-19
FAVORABLY IMPRESSED,
Mr.. Gray of Indiana Writes of Great Falls
and Its Vicinity.

l dAu 1ts S1ClHlCys
Mr.. Gray, of the Portland, Ind, Sun,
who is a son of Governor Gray, gives in
that journal his impressions of this city
and region. In the course of an interest
ing letter, written before starting for Ta-
coma he says: u...
Through the kindness Of P. P. Shelby,
of Helena, general manager of the Mon
tana Central railway, and F. !. Whitney,
of St, Paul, general passenger and ticket
agent of khe st. P. NJ. & M. railway, we
were onahled to take a trin ION these two
roads from Helena as far north as Fort
Benton and return, stopping off at Great
Falls. We had already seen some fine
mountain scenery, but nothing surprising
that on the Montana Central route. We
passed through the upper and lower
Prickly Pear canons and Missouri river
canon. Towering rocks of fantastic shape
seemed ready to fall on us with crushing
force Some fifty miles the road follows
the Missouri river, u very pretty stream,
two hundred yards wide, with rapid cur
rent and above navigation, Fort Benton
being at the head. The country grows
more level between Great Falls and Ft.
Benton and 'shacks," which means log
farm houses, dot the valleys and plains.
The st. Paul, Minneapolis s. Manitoba
and Montana Central are forming a con-
tinental System Of railway and already
compose q formidable opposition to other
grand trunk lines to the Pacific coast and
points in Montana.
Great Falls tribune., 1888-09-19

The ticket nominated by the Republi-
cans OF Cascade county yesterday con-
tains the names of some good men, and it
also has its weak spots. Apart from the
split in the party and the great dissatis-
faction with some of the candidates, it is
not particularly strong combination and
under the most favorable circumstances
would have little show of success at the
polls. But with the party split into fac
tions and the ticket certain to encounter
strong opposition in the republican ranks,
its chances of election are exceeding slim.
1t can not command its own party vote,
much less that of democrats. The latter
have named good strong men for every
office and will stand by them unitedly.
There is not single good reason why
they should do otherwise.
Great Falls tribune., 1888-09-19
THE CAMPAIGN.

The nomination of Hon. W. A. Clark
has gone through the ordeal of press
criticism with success. The republican
dailies and weeklies concede that the
Butte convention made strong nomina-
tion by their inability to find any circum-
stance which would disqualify him from
representing Montana in congress. They
do not call in questions either his abil-
ity, his enterprise or his honorable rec
ord as an employer. They do not deny
that old timers, who have known Mr..
Clark since he began his business career
in this territory, speak loudest in praise
Of his manly record and 1ndomitable
pluck. Their opinion is confirmed by
that of later settlers, who have had oppor-
tunities to observe the readiness with
which Mr.. Clark has joined, regardless Of
party, in every movement calculated to
promote the welfare of the people and
the advancement of Montana
The conviction is general that Mr. Clark
can do more FIR Montana than
the candidate whom the republican con-
ventlon will nominate today. He is quail
flied to speak from experience on our
mineral interests. He knows thoroughly
the extensive resources of Montana. He
is broad-guage man who will work
zealously for the entire territory. His
voice will be heard as strongly in favor of
Missouri river Improvements as in de-
tense Of the rights Of miners to the tim
ber needed in developing their mines.
He will be strong advocate of reserva-
ton retrenchment whether 1t benefits
Billings or Great Falls. He will demand
the right of way for every railroad that
needs it through military or Indian res
ervations In word he will represent
Ill our great interests, mining, stock rails
ing, wool growing and farming, with
equal zeal and with full ability to promote
the advancement of each. .
Tie nomination of Mr.. Clark has
strengthened the democratic county and
legislative ticket everywhere. In Cas-
cade it has inspired renewed ardor in the
democratic ranks, and will serve to bring
out a heavy vote for the ticket so well
headed by Messrs. Wegner, Ulm and Rick
ards. ...- ....
Great Falls tribune., 1888-09-19
OUR COAL MINES.
THE OUTPUT TO BE ], 900 TONS DAILY
---MR. HILL FAvORABLY
IMPRESSED.
Mr., Hill Orders the Working Force to
be Increased---COking Ovens to
be Established Soon---Gen-
eral Progress.

During the recent visit of President
Hill and other officials of the Manitoba
expressed themselves as more than eve,
pleased with the Sand Coulee coal. Or
ders were issued by Mr.. Hill for the I'M
mediate increase of the working force
and the enlargement of the facilities al
the mines, so as to make the output 1000
tons daily, at the earliest possible mem
ent. This coal will be used on the Man
itoba as far east as Grand Forks, and on
the Montana Central and all its branches
To meet this demand alone, several hun.
dred tons day will be required, and nc
time will be lost in pushing the work OF
development at the mines so as to secure
this output and as much more as may he
required w""e
The practical tests that have been
made on the locomotives and in the var
ious private furnaces, show this to be the
most powerful steam coal west Of the Al
leghany mountains. The work now beins
done in the labratory Of the Montana
Smelling Company has brought forth the
opinion of the experts in charge to the eff
ect that the Sand Coulee coal is unsur-
passed in its heating power by any coal
used by them at the Pueblo works.
Large quantities of this coal is now on
exhibition at the Minneapolis exposition,
and has been examined by number of ex-
perts, who invariably express surprise to
know that we have so good quantity of
coal in the Rocky mountain region. The
large block weighing two and half tons,
that was semitic the exposition, is as solid
to-day as when it left the mine, showing
1t does not slack when exposed to the air,
and that it will bear transportation to any
distance, and maintain its firm and solid
character ...mm" "#"@ @0m#@
The development that has been done
at the mine, enabled Mr.. Hill to get a
better view of the coal vein than ever be-
fore, and he expressed much pleasure at
the splendid showing made, stating that
he was fairly surprised to find 50 large
an amount of coking coal in the vein.
1t is expected that coking ovens will be
established at or near the mines soon,
and ere long the manufacture of coke
will be an important industry at Sand
Coulee.