davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29
MORGAN s DEATH.

Morgan reached Abingdon, Va. Juae %;
moved southwest int East Tennessee. and
took command OF l.GtO Coafederares at
,Ionesboro. Aug 81, 1854. His plan was TO
march from Jonesboro against the Union
force az Bulls Gap, Tenn. and attack them
Saturday afternoon, Sept, 3, 1864. Morgan
reached Green ville, and with ais staff stopped
at the house OF Mrs Williams for the night
He intended To resume the march on Bulls
Gap Sunday morning, Sept l. The story u
his capture, as commonly told, Is given Be-
low. Il has, however, been denied
As MorgaIs advance came into Green
vile 4 young woman, daughter in-Law Of
Mrs Williams mounted a t'eet borss and
rode away 20 give information 70 5he United
Statas troops at Bulls Gap Size was al ar
dent Union woman In consequence Of her
information, at daybreas Sunday morning
a body of Union cavalry gauoped INTO Green
vile aud surrounded the Williams house.
Morgan made dash for liberty through the
rear OF the house, INTO the vegetable garden
W nile thus attempting 10 escape ne Was shot
dead On his death ms troops retreated at
ouce. Gen basil Duke became their cum
mander in place Of their old leader
Iorgaus remains ile buried IN the cen1e-
terry at richmond, Va When be died, the
glory and chivairy seemed gone from the
struggle" says Basil Duke
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

clamadon, Indiana had Is 900 men on their
way TO meet Morgan More were offered, but
these were ali that were accepted Ii was now,
I TOO, well on in the third yer of the war
Morgans approach struck panic into the
rich farming district through which he
passed Amusing stories without end are
told OF the Morgan scare as it is called to
this day Events sc exciting as it was occur
not once in century in those happy agri-
cultural regions
The widest runors foated a hundred miles
away from the point where be really was As
soon as he came TO railway station it was
his habit TO take possession OF the telegraph,
and send false messages Of his whereabouts
along the line Accurately too had he in
formed himself Of his projected route. When
his followers approached town some one or
more Of them would frequently be recog-
nized as strangers who had visited the town
few days previous on some preoext OF bust
ness So adroit were they in framing such
preCexts that none suspected them CT being
Aorgans spies
At Corydon, Ind, the commander Of one
part OF Morgau's force was recognized IS
young man who had lately spent several
weeks IN their midst Another officer was
Ole +" 10 ue1U even taken a manu- at WORKING
on the Notifications hastily thrown I'd to
protect the town against Morgan
The willy raider conrrIved 10 keep the com
rnunfties paralyzed with confusion Even
away ID Illinois the Morgan scare" ex-
tended At an Illinois wedding, 400 miles
away from the scene Of Morgan's exploits.
the boys Of the neighborhood executed
rural charivari for the newly welded pair.
Assaiiing their residence with tin horns,
whistles, pans. and ali the varieties of tin
ware capable Of making a nose. they con-
tinued the internal din till morning Many
who heard it were persuaded that Morgan
was upon them, and they would believe
nothing else. Who but Morgan could make
such noise as that's People lied out Of their
houses, hiding in cornfelds and elsewhere.
An old Scotchman heard the sroans and
howls of the serenading party. He thought
they were cries Of dying agony from the
wounded
its ewfu dread j." he exclaimed. "Ah.
mon, but he's long time deeingn
If numbers and courage could have wiped
out Morgan, ne would have been captured
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29
eEGGARS CT LONG AGO.
Some Entries Found in Parish Books
goo Years Old.

In many parish books, about 900 years
ago, we find such entries a. these; "Payd
for whippin tow pore folk, lid" "Payd
and given 10 pore man and MS VIII that
was Wiped. ibid" This was double the
usual tariff, which is represented by
Gave the tow when they went. id " In
Saxon times the beggar, unless he found
refuge in one OF the then rhinly scattered
mona-teries, was in evil case. lie be-
longed TO the dangerous tribe of master
less men. people for whom no one was
answerable. and those who sheltered him
were fam TO do it by ste-lth, for II man
stayed with you more than a couple q
days you we're accountable. not only for
anything he might then co, but also for
his autecedents
Mr. Ribton Turner thinks race had
good deal to do with beggary. When YOU
take away a mans means Of life ne must
either starve or rob or beg. The oldest
natives of Great Britain were short. dark
PeopIe-Basque say some, EsqUimauK
say others: the tall. light haired Gael Tea;
them out from almost everywhere, eNcep:
part Of South Wales. Then the Cymri,
another Celtic people. came across from
the Cimbric Chersonese Denmark. landed
in Aberdeen, spread over Scotland as
Pets. and coming southwark were met By
the tide Of Saxon. or, as the new lights
prefer 70 call il, English invasion and
turned aside into Wales What the round
skulled Gael had done - the short skuIled
people who had preceded him the Saxon
did 70 the Gael He took his Tiled land
from him; IN those days IL was 10; much.
nine tenths q the island being forest and
marsh, and he gave him no chance Of set
ting near him and bringing n some OF
the wild country.
That was not done TIL later. when the
u-onasteries 5t-us agricultural colOules3
set the example Of making the desert
smile The conquered had nothing for j.
but 70 submit 70 slavery OF % move On -
II he moved on with 3 lot n trends be
might settle down somewhere n Wales, or
On ;he Cornish moors, or IN the Wild 9 -
trict called CumbTla CYulri' : Land, from
Chester 70 the Solway- But thsre would
generally - somebody % turn out. -, r
lie was alone or with few. begging or
rCo5inZ che two were iate-css EsAblsl
was his only resource All tie Year
Round
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

his second in command, that he intended to
disobey Bragg's orders and cross the Ohio.
He would give Indiana and Ohio taste of
the war as the south had known it, Morgan
believed even that the capture Of Cincinnati
itself was practicable
Morgan had made pretense Of attacking
Tomkinsvlle, Ky, Just over the line from
Tennessee. Brig. Gen Edward Il Hobson
was at Columbia, Ky. with a small force Of
Union soldiers 1t was his duty to guard
the Cumberland from Confederate crossing
in that portion Of the state But when Nor
gan appeared before Tompkinsville Gen
Hobsons superior. Gen Henry N Judah, or
dered him TO proceed forthwith to Temp
kinsviIle He did so June 80. Then the WHY
Morgan. whom the poet Paul Hayne called
the Swamp Fox" slipped past him and
crossed the Cumberland az Burksvile. When
Hobson found out how Morgan had given
him the slip the Confederate raider had two
days the start Of him
''Tc an enemy De as tigers, 70 our Southern
brethren be as lambs" Morgan said to bis
soldiers in one Of his proclamatiouS. There
was that about him that appealed TO all the
romance and fire in the southern nature
Gen. Judah himself was not far from
Burksville, with body Of cavalry, when
Morgan crossed. But he trusted that the
high stage OF the Cumberland waters would
prevent any Confederate crossing. He did
not calculate the resources of the raider
Morgan crossed his whole force in two little
ferry fats, swimming the horses at the same
time. Such skill and swiftness had be at
tanned, too, in Elaneuvering that it Is said be
could put his whole force n line Of battle n
half an hour.
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

ard until be soon had 600 men early In
1852 he was made colonel Soon afterwards
he made his first raid on large scale against
the rear of Buell's army at Nashville From
that time on till bis death, John Morgans
life was series Of daring, romantic exploits
As many wild stories are told of him as were
narrated In old times of Robin hood and bis
men il Lincoln Green Many OF the stories
are undoubtedly true He took risks that
scarcely another man In his right senses
would have done, and generally came OF
with a whole skin 1t was his reckless daring,
however, that proved his undolng at last
On his raids he was always accompanied
by telegraph operator, who carried small
electric battery. In Union neighborhoods
the bold raider tapped telegraph wires and
caused dis operator TO transmit and receive
messages that gave him valuable informa-
ton. He sometimes also penetrated even to
the Union lines Ii disguisa
In the summer Of 1862 Morgan constituted
a part of Kirby Smiths command in the ex-
petition which crossed Kentucky and came
20 dangerously near Cincinnati Morgan at
this time visited his own city of Lexington,
and received a triumphant ovation from
Confederate sympathizers When Bragg re
tired sonthward after the battle OF Perry
vile, in October, 1862, MOrgan's cavalry
covered his retreat
After that Morgan was quiet for time
What he was about may be guessed from the
announcement of his marriage, Dec. 4, 1862,
TO Mis-. Ready The day was Sunday Nor
gan WIS promoted to major generally in
the morning, and in the evening was married
He won his bride under the very eyes Of q
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

south to north in five days, bis men living ON
the fat OF the land La his rapid march be
only paused long enough TO burn the bridges
over streams behind him, thus delaying his
pursuers as long as possible. He had another
advantage, in that he took ell the fresh horses
he needed as he went, leaving worn out,
sorry hacks behind When the horses of the
Union troops became exhausted there were
for them only the brolsd Gown animals Nor.
Eans men had left
Rapidly as the raider caief Travelled, be
TOOK care to send E messeu ger ahead 10 pro
vide for his crossing at the Ohio river The
messenger, Capt Taylor, had with him thirty
or forty men, armed to the teeth. When be
reached Brandenburg, the point of crossing,
little packet steamer, the j. J Combs. came
putting up the river, On her way to Louis
vile. forty miles above All unsuspic1ous OF
danger, she landed at the Bradenburg wharf
as usual Instantly Morsan's men took pos
session Of the Combs to press her into service
as a ferryboaG a large steamer, the Alice
Dean, came up shortly after and shared the
same fate. Thus, with two boats ready, full
steam on, TAYLOR waited for his chief
John Morgan and his cavalry reached
Brandenburg on the morning Of July s But
soil Morgan would set foot when be crossed
Brandeuburg. was thoroughly aroused Her
war governor Oliver Perry Morton, was
then at the head OF affairs Capt Hines, Of
Morgan's men, had crossed the river ahead
Of his chief and had done some foraging and
destroying, enough to arouse the state.
Governor Morton az once made active
preparations to receive the invader.
al Brandenburg be found citizens and state
militia armiug themselves with al speed.
Foes were around him, and foe. relentless
and untiring. was steadily creeping up behind
him, coming closer and more close.
Morgan crossed part of his men into Trdi-
ana Warning had been sent to louisville,
and just in the midst OF the ferry wing over a
gunboat steamed down the river upon the
scene Two regiments OF Morgan's ulen were
on the Indiana sida without their horses
The rest, with Morgan and sill the hors
were vet on the Kentucky side.
The eunboat began shelling the hills on
both sides OF tie river. Morgan brought up
bis Parrot guns and fred into the gunboat
HIS lle0 were protected behind the ridges
norgan was intensely excited Unless be
could cross with the res. Of his men his fate
vas already sealed Every quarter Of an
hours delay added 70 his peril
An hour Morgan AMI the gunboat played
at firing harmless shots st each other. Then
the gun6oat backed out and steamed up the
river Morgan breathed again
With all speed ne resumed the ferrying as
soon as the gunhoat wss ought Of sight The
moment the crossing was accomplished he
burned the unlucly steamers that had served
him IN s0cn good stead and hurried on up
through Indiana, slightly northward. then
eastward He mad added 20 ais numbers by
recruiting as be travelled and De now entered
southern Indiana With 20 cannon and 1900
horsemen Gen Hobson, hot on MS track,
reached the river bank az Brandenburg I1st
In tine 20 behold the dying eInbers of toe
steamers upon the Indiana shor~
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29
IN PRISON.

Morgan ard his chief officers were taken 70
Columbus, O., and confined in the peni1su-
tiary Their heads W. saaved, and tney
were treated IN some respects IS common
prisoners. They remained IL the state prison
from August till Nov. %, 1868. Basil D. Ike
and the officers captured with him were at
first sent to Johnsou's Island, in Lake Erie. a
few minutes sail from Sanduslzy, O. But
Duke and his comrades were afterwards sent
with the ,est CT Morgau's officers to the state
prison. The captured private sSdiers were
forwarded 70 Camps Douglas and Morton.
To rlen who had spen5 months, years even,
in the open air, much Of the time on horse
back. tho confinement il the prison was soor
something frizhtfuL Hasil Duke says il mis-
book The dead weight Of the hug stone
prison seemed resting on our breasts" They
were tod that they were thus subjected 20
prison discipline On account Of the treatment
OF Col Streight by the Confederates The
shaving OF Of their luxurious boards was no,
the least CT the indignities 60 some of tins
captiveS. Duke says: Some young men Iosr
boards and IuustacLes on this occasion which
they had cultivated asslduousiy with scanty
returns for years"
There were a.xty-eigh5 Of the Morgan
mer made prisoners. They occupied the
cost hall of the pea.ten1ia-y. After some
weeks Of confinement Morgan became alrnos.
frantic. He and some Oh the rest began to
form plans for escape.
At length Morgan and Cart Thomas E.
Hines nit upon scheme which seemed prac.
ticable. They mad been showed to receive
food and other articles from friends and
relatives outside. Correspondence by letter
With their families was allowed II has
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

Kentucky, on Green river, destroying sew
enty-fve miles of railroad and capturing
1000 prisoners.
In the summer Of 1863 occurred Morgan's
great raid north Of the Ohio. Gen Burnside
WAS then i'll command of the department of
the Ohio. The state Of Kentucky was di-
vi1ed into three military districts, extending
from the Big Sandy 20 the Cumberland
river Gen SUTpzides headquarters were at
Cincinnati
In toe plan for the Morgan raid, the cap
ture II Louisville was expected TO result.
Morgan with $500 men was to dash north
ward through Kentucky, destroying rail
roads and capturing prisoners and supplies
It was q dark period of the war for those
who adhered to the Union cause. The battle
Of Gettysburg had not been fought, and
VicksbIrg had not yet fallen The northern
states, particularly those Oh the border we're
f-u Of Confederate syTnpathizers II was be-
GeEed by the Richmond government that
grand dash northward by Morgan and his
man would arouse the latent enthusiasm for
the Confederacy, refill its depleted stores
with army supplies and recruit thousands OF
young soldiers for the southern flag. So the
raid was planned
One object intended by Bragg, Morgsn's
superior was to draw the attention of Burn
SIDE and ROsecrans as far as possible away
from himself, In Tennessee, and enable him
TO complete movements be contemplated
Bragg and Morgan planned the raid to-
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

the cell down INTO an air chamber under
Cea.h, thence 20 tue yard Of tire prison.
Cen 62sli Duke says they tore their bed
covering into strips and made rope Of il
An iron poker from tn stove was beaten
into nook and With tbs ex-emporIzed rope
and hook they prepared to scale the gTeas
wall OF the peniUeuriary yard The signal 70
g was given IIst after the great prison bell
struck the hour OF midnight Dummies"
had been prepared by Stutting their old gar
nents with newspaper These they left
covered in their beds to deceive the guard
who always looked into their cells with s.
lantern or his hourly rounds. holding 1t Up
to see through the grating
Clan9! went the great iron bell on the
stroke Of midnight, Nov. o6, IsG3 While IL
struck IA, beneath on the floor II each cell
told the seven men that their hour had come.
With heating hearts srd buried hands they
placed tie dummies" IN the beds and slipped
down into the air chamber. A tam crust 4
cement had been left over the floors Il all tie
cells except that Of Capt Hines The cutting
Of all except his had been made from under
neath
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29
THE END OF THE RACE.

! Back from the river a1d northward the
hunted raider rode to Eastpor., 20 star.
anew for tDs river and make one more at
tempt for life. But there were those behind
him who had vowed not TO quit the saddle
til John Morgan Was captured These were
500 OF Shsckeiford's men, with their leader
at their head
AT New Lisbon, in Colunbiana county.
eastern Ohio, the swamp fox" was driven
TO his last hold On bluff near New Lis
bon. July q, 1858, just one month from the
day he left Sparta, Tenn, John Morgan sur
rendered 70 Gen Shackelford-
Part of the last OF the race had been made
by Morgans men riding at galIop Among
those who we're II the fight at Burlington
Island was Judge and Maj Daniel McCcol,
He was one or the Union home guards and
was nortaily wounded Maj McCook vas
the father OF the famous fighting McCook
family. He had eight sons, al of whom were
N the Union army but one. Tia. one was
prominent in civil service in Ohio
Morgan's raid had failed II many respects
1t had, however, distracted attention from
Bragg's movements, as had been Anticipated
and enabled him 10 cross the Tennessee river
IL prevented timely re-enforcenents 70 Rose
Grams.
When Morgan was at last CAPTURED he was
near the eastern 6oLnGarY VI Ohio and near
Pennsylvania Il Lees invasion Of Pennsyl-
vania, resulting IN the disastrous battle OF
gettysburg, had been successful ne and Nor
gan could easily have made q junction Both
expeditions were undertaken about the same
time IL Is possible this idea was in Nor
gan's mind when, failing 20 recross the Ohio,
he continued the forlorn journey eastward
Morgan and hIs men were pursued steadily
by the Union cavalry for three weeks They
averaged on their Journey thlrty-five miles a
day. Their raid cost Indiana and Ohio So
oUO,O0o, that being the estimated worth OF
the property they destroyed. But Basil Duke
says mournfuliy Of the expedition: 1T de
stroyed MOrgGn's division and left out rem
nAnt Of Morsals cavalry"
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29
THE ESCAPE,

The night was dark ard rainy, ard faTo->t
their escape The hook and rope did their
work well. and in few minutes after Leaving
their tunnel the seven rDen we're in free air
They separated into three parties, Morgan
and Cap. Hines taxing q railway train 20
Cincinnati
j Union oNice- 81 high rank WIS on beard
the car in which Morgan and Capt Hines
sat Morgan at oDcs approached him end
engaged nm In conversation AS they passed
toe safe prison the officer reEnarkei;
That 5 The hotel where John Morgan
s-ops, celiever Yes. and il is - De hoped
be viii stop there answered Morgan Let
o. drink 20 him VITA this remark Gen
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29
Something About wsIns,a.

The walnut = Indigenous 70 Upper
Asia and IL the mountainous regions =
Persia : found growing wld L vas
knoEn 70 the Romans a. JUZlsns Eega
or royal tree % Jupiter Il wzs iat-o-
ducet mo italy ~ the seglGizng q To-
Christian era, and gradually sF5rsssi ovs-
western Europe Il was iutroduce1 into
England many centuries a-o from Eranee
which Country was then called e12ll. and
some Authorities say The word walnut
& corruption = Ga1i-nut Webster
give= TIE derivation however. from H.
A1gIo-oazon WORD, 'xesIh hEzt, from
''wealh" = foreigner . stranger. AID
-'ap1t nUf3 II EuroY~ !. q cal!e-s
simply walnut, - and the name E.aSisSa
walnut csed IL THIS country WAS osst0~sd
by TIE col014sts q Virginia 70 dlst41 gzisA
Il from tie native American black VA
nat Tie tres seems - sou-A.a ever
vas-e l. th-sves IN rsc1 AID pcog ia1ad
q mountain ard n valley, II rock and
barrs- SCI where aar4ly anything Else
eaa be grown Bat in o1er sesl x3tA =
most bottom TIRE English walnut gross
lzxuriA-tiy and yeas l1-ze eTDps al =
comparatively To12S sse - . 'se-4c>a
Crow
Wichita eagle., 1888-07-29

and Ohio. It was ct this time the northern
secession organization called the Knights Of
the Golden Circle was much talked Of. From
this, at least, Morgan hoped 70 draw, By his
presence on the ground, accessiOns TO his
cause.
he wss DISAPPOINTED The pursuer was so
close on his TRACK thai he had 10 time %
malt for friend or foe. He must on, ON, even
to death and destruction. At the small town
there were occasional sLirmishes, in which
little damage was done on either side Cit
zens ana home guards were captured By the
Thousand, but all that Morgan could do was
to parole his prisoners, and leave them jus,
where they were before. His me- spent as
much time % they dared In tearlax up rail
way tracks and destroying bridges. In some
cases It took several days to repair the dam
age they did in this way. They also broke
into private stores aud captured all they
could carry away. IN one instance they
came upon a rich find of 2,COG hams, sugar
cured ard sewn in canvas. Every man car
ried away a ham, till the supply was ex-
hausted. They appropriated vast stores Of
canned fruit, from farm house and grocery
The road behind them was strewn with haIr
bags and empty fruit cans.
At news of their approach housewives dug
holes in the ground and. buried their silver
and vaIuaoles. Morgan everywhere ex
pressed his surprise AZ the richness ana
abundant supplies Of the country through
which ne passed It WIS So different FROM
the war stricken south.
July IL Morgan reached Harrison, e. town
on the border between OHIO and Indiana Il
IS twenty miles from Cincinnati Ia ex-
IS l.,
III the city, ordered business 70 be suspended
Mayor Len Harris proclaimed martial law
The military were ordered 10 be ready. As
a matter OF fact the home guards were OF
July II marched out under arms north OF the
city to await the coming OF the raider They
waited with brand new arms IN their hands,
eager TO shoot the enemy on SIGHT
The enemy did not appear There was
good reason During the night OF July I3,
while Cincinnati was sound asleep, Morgan
had made circuit quite around the city,
keeping some fifteen miles away from it.
he dared not risk al engagement There Is
tradition that on that night be and one Of
bis staff galoped into Cincinnati and the
member of his staff was married at midnight
to n lady Of Cincinnati
Be that as it may, at daylight, July IL
Morgans men were eighteen miles east Of
Cincinnati They kept carefully away from
soldiers camps and the larger cities.
Morgan swept through Ohio as be had
done through Indiana He passed through
the towns Of Glendale. Loveland. Williams
burg. Sardinia, Winchester, Piketon and
Jackson
Morgan had now only one thought, to get
safely back across the river into Kentucky
with his command His cavalry purs1erz
were only few hours behind him so CON
slant had been the pursuit Of Hobson
Shackelford and Judah. Gunboats paroIied
the Ohio. and the puff Of armed steamers
kept time up the river with the srot OF Nor
gau's weary horses