davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

t ft.I O. NtN-
-.
n Cot.
mum eta1 ma, frr tio ar.c-
IT. ,.--.-..... o~n''..,. Diamond
~ H.. ~ was
'- ,.'I ''',..a,.l ,o...i
''' ''.. 1904 go I, Nr p;rmb
...ste a.,,' lir.clipean inquiry rs
... ,..,... cd line ipnelc,ent mail
.v..t...e,,r and AGREED to.
r.-.f.,.,.9 ..t,.r,d Nv Mr.. Nlaul.r-
...- da,-a-l r,aairIn9tle Score
....l v, to FINNISH to senators. on
..... r.l...-.. 5.t,of u.rson, 10 whom
.ot t.. record of tse rebellion are
... i....3 WIS taken up Mr. Man
.........lt.f s.r.. Offering the re,o-
...I. ia. had "a conversation with
-....+ .,,. ~ Var. Who expressed his
..... ~. ..,,I. fine Information
..1 s.,j t.lt' tl,o r.fu.al to do SO
..,.s oginr t,.a rr', az tue de-
.'..,.,.t..,sI,'i.t.I by him.
5.-.r...on mon tic resolution
.. r.fl.r wide latitude. lu its
.e- VIZ. H.ier -"il tine SINE slIt.'
''- ia'l may i.''', - jill cue ''' p
'.. were hert secret anu inc pro
. against i-.Ie 1eiAo '"' 1870 i',,,
people u.iii ,i'','.1 - i ,..". g',.,,
- servants were o''u5. say. ''' .,,'.'''
leo o. ''' @tii'' ii-'''' ". "''.''', -
te considered Tie secret a'as', ~.
' ... 0en.i" 70 'e 'A'ie.N a I. ''' ,'.,
.. 'A'r' 8. perhaps, "''" NC
treaty frIuiag "n'rh o"tN. ~ "o
IereJ 10 the secrecy OF an OA' O'.'l'r
There Was h' more I'oS. ~, ' ,,,
I''.'on ~ c2ni.i'-lu- ' 13 ..h; ~''
.t.is >Ao'''' O' '.'l'.'',-'. WY. u'a
I doors thth '"'i' was W." c|l.''.5
'e should ieel'.t'e 'c't ~ ,'0a, -,
as l' h@l once "ol!e' - i ,',',, w., .,
...cr' Wh'rh 'He ,..' 1..I ", ,,''.Lt 49,
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

stamp. A curious circumstance IS that
IN the last two weeks two other forserles
Of checks on another banking firm Tor
merly in existence here. X. Adams q
Co.-haye come to light They were
gotten up precisely in the same style
with metal stamp, but were signed by Il.
X. Terrill. The officials here believe
that the forseries are the work OF the
same man.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
The Fisheries Question.

Ibl tVIVsIaVI % VlV IIt7I-.1H'I
WASHINGTON, February l6.-The fish
cries treaty, which was signed last eve
ming, WAS the subject Of much specula-
ton and discussion at the Capitol to-day.
While declining TO give any specific IN
formation as to its provisions, Secretary
Bayard tonight said to an Associated
Press reporter that for many years great
contention among American fishermen
had been for Il fair and just construction
of the treaty of 1918, aud that the pres
ent treaty had been framed by the
American negotiators with view TO meet
the needs aud necessities OF our fisher
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

ATklN~oN.- IDIOT. go uis .Hiion'". So. iD
". Dl.-. ..r.ot i,.ri.It i-'-. A. -@- J. D.,
hu CORNELL, n sd niAroN, I'D iis -it'} .sh.A
yrar
Gat OBJ. beyond tIi .hliy 1fl.
Nht.oa.It. IuIit ar1Ia.r
i.u0W f.Il ,r.IIi l,.. .d.4ru.l tauIs
Nlu ptlm-0i victory ura.
Where ci5 -'ai creams iAt"Dih endless i'f''
~ W''r' e5. "i-'
A.t ".'.' lNo ora '" '.''. 'f""' cd. ,o,s,
1.,...i t,..., ,.,., .,t,...... .,,,.n Ttu, IVA.
~ Al Ftan0N r..I...f..t
@''' "
tREfO-Dici. ~ or ast Nai1 .if'ei on u -
4 ~ ft.fU..t..N If-- 1 NtN.rIN
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
The Efmira Pre-.
m. ,alearnpn y ne Dispatch.

10y iaIegTaPD " '17 - rl,, -
p,~rsA n. y, February l6'-Ihe TO-
81 I Loss by the fire which broke out IN the :,
iai ioa e,i :. building last night and
Aos ,s1 % the adjoining buildings VIII
spress' fnIIv $3.50, coo, with an insurance
reao stont one half. At the time that the
oi bell rang the Thermometer was a.
ALARM l.n and sank steadily as the night al,
gro rcd d until il reached 9 below. Charles
,,,Iev the fireman who was hurt last
p :,ht 6y falling walls, is dying, ana Two Two
n'bn re missing who were seen III INC
. mel while it was burning
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
Charges against Gould and sage.


by telegraph % me D7parh.l
New York. February l6.-Ihe charges
against Jay Gould and Russell Sage,
made on behalf of the stockholders OF
the Kansas Pacific Railroad Company,
charging them with appropriating TO
their own use three millions of the com
pauy's bonds. were laid before the grand
Jury this morning by Assistant District
Attorney oempIe. The jury was given
all the documents ;~aring on the case,
and on Monday next witnesses will be
summoned. A decision will probably
not be reached before the latter part OF
next week.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
The FLORIDA Chautauqua.

by toleglaph % tho Dlsrai.h.l
DErrNIAR SPRINGS, lila, February
lG.-The fourth annual assembly OF the
FLORIDA Chautauqul opened tonight
with an Illumination, music, and fire
works. Dr. j. NJ. Buckley, Of New
York; DR.. William G. Anderson, Of
Brooklyn; Or. John LaiIerty, of Rich
mond, Va, aud Drs. l.. Ii. Yonge and
Leon ii. Vincent, OF Philadelphia, will
speak during the session. The opening
to-day betokens brilliant and promising
meeting.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
FatnIrrain roIIiston.

lBy telegraph to the Dspaich.l
HAMILTON, ONT, February ia pas
scnger train on the Grand Trunk rail
road from Toronto. due here at l:4j
o'clock, collid,d with freight train
bound for Toronto neara cut beyond the
junction. Two tIainmen were killed
and several severely injured None Of
the passengers were seriously hurt. The
passenger train had the right OF way.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
FINANCIAL.
NEW YORK. BALTfsoRv. AVID bICH-
M0ND srocK EXcaAsGES
Grain, Provisions. Cotton. Tobacco, Tur-
pentins, Rosin, Tar. and
Pessut Marketa
~ tnlerrnnh 70 thn Dl,na,ch.l

NEw YORK. February l6-The stock market
today showed q fnarEei Improvement over toe
last TWO days, and hopes Of higher ang
more active market arc expressed There vas
soma talk, however, by n movement ny tue
boilers Of securities 70 have railroad rates con-
uolled by state commissioners, and u cams
strength every dsY. London buying 10 tho early
trading took all tho n0aNug stock and the n
provement begun yesterday made further pro
gro',. aided by slmc pressure 70 cover shorts:
Union Pncnc. Northern Pacific preferred. ana
-. Paul showed he most strength In the active
iis:, tho later bciug affected by a more tsyoya-
r'e outlook for The settlement OF me
txiNing ratio war. while Union Psciac
Was strong on report that tho biil
Tor funding the Government debt would DO
reported In a few days aud come up Tor
early passage The great feature ~ trading,
however vas a sharp advance IN Richmond err
Winal preftrrei :. healing w3s weak spot and
IL stcg3l OF slowly all day Without any special
pressure. The remainder OF iue lie. was dull
aad fea'urels-s throughout Tho market openel
firm AMI with more animation than has ceen
seen for some days. Prices advanced rtealhy
bIt without any special feature except h.ch-
mnud aul West POlut preferred UNIV aiter noon'
whom dulue.s again appeared snd tue advance
halted. In tho last hour some pressure was
brought % bear. the market finally closing dan
aud heavy A. fractions under the beat prices.
the 4 losing figures are irregular but go' efAly
HIGHER bug vi D. ne exception Qi Richmond pre-
tcfrei. whirh aIyarcei H. per ceGt., Tie lnHl
changes are f1r ira 'l,oual amcun.s only. loial
sales. i6i, n shares.
NEW YORK. February "a. -Sooa-stocks dun
sni arm Money easy az 2a3 per cent TX
change Long. 454'. snort, - a. GoNcrnmeHS
dun
Esslfng. Exchange DUH anl drm. Money easy
az late' closing oiere' AZ SID treasury
balances -God. St3O. 900: currency, ST.
$4,000. Governments Dun; per cents, - e
4. PER cents. 1874 state bonds duh
Altbama-Class A, o to5 ...-..--.- ..-.--.... ~,
p. %, sral............. 10
.. HH|H| "A HHn opt VI -
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
W. rocked.

lBY Anglo-American cable to the Dispatchl
LONDON, February ia vessel was
wrecked on December 9th of tie south
coast of Sac Gorge. one OF the Azores.
She is believed, from various articles
washed ashore, including certificates be-
longing to DAVID Deans, to have been
the British bark Donegal, CaptainfBurch-
art, which sailed from Savannah Deem
Der 9Th for Trieste.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
GRATEFUle-coAPoRriNG
EPPS'S COCOA.
BREAKFAST.

"bya thorough knowledge OF the natural laws
xhich govern the operations OF digssuoa and n0-
triton, aud by careful application u Tie rne
provided our orsakfsstLAelss With celieately
Favored beverage which may save vs. many
heavy doctors bills. II u By tho judiciOus use
OF such articles of diet hat constitution may
De grsduslly bant up until strong enough 70 70
sist every tendency 70 disease. huadreds u
suDtle msiadiss are floating srOuad Us ready 10
attack wherever there sAvesk polas We may
escape many q tstsi shaft ey keeping ourselves
we'll fortified wlth pure blood aud properly
noarished trans. - Ctrit Service daxsti%
Made simply with eoiling water oy milk. sold
tAus: JAMES tPfs ca,
hom@opasnic Chemists. London, England
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
lire In Alabama.

lBy telegraph 10 the Dispatch.l
New ORLEANS, February 16.-A spe-
cial from Pensacola. Fla, reports the
destruction 10y tire this morning OF the
business portion Of Geneva, Ala. Loss
about $4,000.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
Fortv perSou.KIIIed.

tBy Anglo-Ameucan cable TO the Dispatchl
MUNICH, February l6.-An explosion
which occurred in the Kreusegrahen
coal-mine, near Kaiser's Lantern, Baya-
ria, killed forty persons. Ihlrty'six
men were rescued.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

MINIATURE ALMANAC. FzBRr.RY II. is8&
san ri.es........... high TIDE:
sln sets ........... $50 Morning ........... s2l
Moon ssts .....,...llOi Evening ....,...... 80
PORT or RICHMOND. FEBRUARY Is. Ie&
AaEIyED
steamer Pioneer Hiues, Philadelphia. mrr-
cbandise aud passengers, J. v acLarrck.
agent
steamer Ariel, Doyo. Norfolk. rniiei stAte,
mail. marcnandlso. and passengers, L. q. Tatan.
agent
PORT OF NEWPORT NEws FEBSUAsr Is 1888.
lDy slesrepn.l
AgKINgD.
steamship Duchess, Hammond, Cal weston;
cOaled AMI sailed for liverpool.
Steamship seneca, Walker, New YORK, ami sall-
Oh On return.
SAILED.
Steamship Lord WarWicS, Trout Ipswich,
Conn.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

Icy American cable " tne u.Spnl'h.l
PARIS, February lG.-The Chamber Of
Deputies to-day, by vote Of 296 to -,
rejected the Dreylus amendment trans
ferring the function Of trensurers ami
paymasters-genernl to the Bank Of
France. The Chamber afterwards, de-
spite NJ. Tirard's protests, resolved TO
consider VI. SoubeyrAns amendment re-
ducing the interest on the floating debt
by 3,O0O,0 coo francs
The Chamber, despite the appeal of
the Government, voted TO take into con-
sderatlon the measure providing for Il
reduction in the salaries OF treasury pay
masters.
Premier Tirard thereupon left the
Chamber, declaring that be would re-
sign.
The latest reports deny that VI. Tirard
has resigned and are to the effect that
he will await the decision OF the Budget
Committee before deciding upon the ac-
ton of the Cabinet.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

BALTIMORE. ND. February lh.-tirriniR f-,
.1a. lui4,.l. o. pH-.-1le .0Il9ns, uj, co. now
.-, fi-, o.. l0-iUs, 1iL. Nil today.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

Nay. E,lal6Kc Oats steady: cash, 2oHc.i !
NAY gekc, Wnisssy yfesdy az sl.O1 FRO
visions oo.lsr but sii1 weak.
CHICAGO.
cs,c,no. February i6--Piour steady AMI
unchanged. No. 2 spring whoaL s3'faIc. I;
No. rel, 5gbc. No. 2 corn, Ekc. No ose'
"a assec Lard, s. ~. short-rit. E3, ,hopl-
der. IS sOatG0J: shoriciesw, f4.Sas@ WINS
key. 81. %.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
The Crown prince, condition.

fBy AnclO-Amcrcan cable to the pi-phicu.I
San RENO. February 1G.-Nuch SHY
prise has been caused here by Emperor
William having ordered Or. Bergman
to make a special report on tho condi-
ton Of the Crown Princes larynx.
BERLIN, February l6.-Tbe A0fi0p0I
Zcihuqs medical correspondent at san
Reno saws that the Crown Princes DIFF
fculty in breathing began II fortnight
before the operation, increasing daily.
On the 4th instant 1T had reached sucn "A
pitch that the Prince had TO abandon
his customary walk, being only able to
take drive. On the following day the
struggle for breath was intense, espe-
clallv during the nighttime. On the
morning OF the 9Th Or. BIamann was
summoned.
When the Grown Prince was informed
that an operation was thought advisable.
he replied "Well, il 1t is pecessary, /
am ready 10 have il performed AT once. ="
The Prince expressed his willingness to
be chlorofogmed. Dr. Branann made
an incision the length Of his finger Aom
the base OF the larynx to near the breast
bone. The Princes beard WAS not
touched. The Prince returned to con-
sciousness soon after the baudago had
been applied. He found the difficulty
in breathing much relieved and thanked
the doctors ior their services. lie bore
the chlorolorm well and felt no pain.
LoNDoN. February It, A dispatch
from san Reno says DR.. Mackenzie has
protested against the course OF treat
ment pursued by the German doctors in
the case OF the Crown Prince Frederick
William
BERLIN. February 16.-Full reports
concerning the condition OF the Crown
Prince, issued by Professor Nirchow and
Dr. Mackenzie, state that the disease
with which he IS affected Is not OF a can
cerOus nature.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
GRAIN AND COTTON EXCHANGE.
RICHMOND, February ID 1881
aEgeplgsS

OFFEglSOA
WHEAr-2.5i4 bushels
CORN.-l,is. bushels,
OATs.-2, 100 bushels
MEAD bushels.
FEAs.-4 bushels.
sALgs REPORTED TO SECRETARY.
WHEAT-NlHel 1850 bushels very good on pri-
yste terms. so bushels very good at 81. Il
bushels common at 92s. Total sales u wheat
25li bushels.
CosS.-White, fs2 bushels very good az Glc.
OArs.-Si4ef. 10 bushels very good at l04c.
MEAL-2J bushels country a. dc.
BLAcKEYE PEAs.-l1 bushels on private terms.
FLOUg.
We quota Fine, t25)lB455. slpsrGne, f2.75a
s3.eE ektca, sL5Jas375; family. tiatL5J. paLen.
family, country, fkfjasj2J.
COTTON kEPORe
Market dun
QUvTATiOSS
MIDDLvG. l0bc.
Low MDDifSG. . =.
GOOD ORDiSAkY, r9-lF,.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

DRUNKENNESS.
~ OK THR LIQUOR HABIT.
POSITIVELY CURED 81 ADMINISTERING Dr.
MAiSESo GOLDEN SPECIFIC.
It can be given IN 1 cup Of coffee or tea without
tho knowledge 81 mo yerson tazing Il; - aDso-
luieiy harmless, and will effect q permanent aod
speedy cure, whether The patient il moderate
drinker or an alcoholic wreck. Thousands Of
drunkards have teen made temperate men who
have taken GOLDEN SPECIFIC Ia their coffee
without their kn0siedgs. aod to-day believe they
Quit drinking q thsig Ogn Tres Will az NEVER
FAILS Tho system Oace imprrgnated with tie
SPECIFIC, Il becomes an utter lmposslolliy Tor
the llguor-apusute 70 exist. For ssleby
a. ROBERTS bAkEk, Druggist
sl9 east Main street.
10 freddy Richmond, Va
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

STATE Of VIRGINIA. CITY or RIcaN0SD-ss.
|, n. &. Burnett, cashier OF the aboye-named
bank, do solemnly swear that the above state
ment is tue 10 the best OF my knowledge and
belief IA. G. BURNETT. Cashier.
Subscribed aud sworn 10 before me this 10Th
day OF February, iSsa. j. T. McEENNY.
Notary Public.
Correct-Attest: !. DAVENPORT, JR.,
A. l.. BOuLWARE,
JOHN b. PLkcELL
directors.
STATE aud Wig please conY. 10 l7-lt
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17

DEPORT OF THE CONDITION OF
IA TUE FIRST NATIONAL BANK. AT RICH.
MOSD, ~ THE STATE OF VIRGINIA. AT THE
CLOSE or BL SIN less ILBRD AIRY ia, ISIS:
ppsoVKCps
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-02-17
EVENING SESSION.

The House met at o'clock for debate
upon the Pacific railroad telegraph bill
and adjourned ut II. The speakers were
Nossrs. Anderson OF Mississippi, Gucn-
thor of Wisconsin, Lind of Minnesota,
and Anderson and Hopkins OF Illinois.
All favored the bill. and held that the
subsidized roads should be compelled to
fulfil literally the requirements OF the
charter and maintain the telc8raphs, and
thot their contracts turning over 10 the
Western Union control OF the telegraph
service along their lines were illegal,
void. and against public policy. There
was nobody present to champion the
railroad companies and the Western
[ mon,
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1888-02-21
THE PRESIDENTS VISIT.

Of course Jacksonville is doing all she
can to keep the President there during
his brief stay in the State. 1t is the
large hearted way Jacksonville has of
doing. Jacksonville is not all of Florida
by several inches
President Cleveland, being a man of
good sense-of rare good sense-w wishes
TO see something more of Florida than
Jacksonville. Furthermore the gentle
lady who has endeared herself to the
American people by carrying herself in
all PAGES as true American woman, is
anxious to see the Indian River country
and would like to SEE genuine orange
grove, a grove of trees that actually
bear oranges
The probable itinerary of the Presi-
Dental Iarty including the Congress
men who accompany them is from Jack
sonville, where they will visit the Sub
Tropical Exposition, to st. Augustine.
After spending day there they will
come over to Palatka, where we hope
to detain them long enough to show
them some orange groves. The Plant
Company. we understand has offered the
party steamer for sail up the st.
Johns by daylight, from this point.
They will miss great opportunity if
Col. Harris invitation to visit the Ock
lawaha is not accepted. Then they will
GO over to the Indian River country and
spend the Sunday in quiet at Rock
ledge.
There will be no speechmaking. our
Washington correspondent says, that is
if the President has his way. The dis
tinguished guest is ready to meet the
people but, if we understand it, he does
not desire much of ceremony. Let us all
| unite TO make his visit to Florida one of
rest and recreation, paying him that re-
spect at Jacksonville, st. Augustine, Pa
latka and Rockledge, that is due from an
enlightened people to the man they have
chosen to preside over their government.
His expressed desire to avoid speech
making should be respected, but the day
should be devoted, wherever he goes, to
quiet demonstrations in his honor.
1t appears from information received
since the above was written that the
Presidential party will not remain over
night in st. Augustine but that the party
will take special train at $50 o'clock,
| Thursday night, for Palatka, en- route to
Rockledge.
Whether the President will remain
over night at Palatka or proceed to the
Indian River on special train, does not
| appear. 1t is to be hoped that he will
remain over night in the city, or stop
here on his way back We can show
the distinguished party some orange
groves hereabouts.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1888-02-21

ton is through the maintenance of good
newspapers. One copy of newsy, in
teresting paper, in full accord with the
life of the section in which it is pub
Iished, energetic in procuring those
items of information which give a hint
of what its section is capable of and
showing that it is not hide-bound IN poll
tics nor devoted to clique, is worth tons
of agents circulars or pamphlets of any
descriptions. Encourage your news
papers by liberal patronage and you viii
be doing something every day to extend
knowledge of the advantages of your
section.
Another means is the sending forth of
agents who can lecture, can talk to the
people, answer questions, meet objec-
tions not generally formulated in letters
or thought of either by those who write
pamphlets or edit papers. Such agents
as have been sent out from Florida unite
in saying that copies of Florida newspa-
pers have more effect than pamphlets or
circulars.
While the tide of immigration is in
creasing, the amount of competition for
that immigration is greater. Effort will
keep up Florida's steady growth but it
must be intelligent and united effort.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1888-02-21
A Cats Aerial Ride,


A gentleman tells us the following,
which he certifies to be correct: You
know that the buzzards have been quite
plentiful around the city for some time,
and they alight in the yards. on the
fencing and even on the houses. | have
a very large cat and he is very playful,
and will chase the chickens, ducks, etc,
about the yard. He was frolicking
around the corner Of the house Monday
when a buzzard flew down on the
ground just at the corner of the house,
and before it could fold its wings the cat
was on its back, just where the wings
and neck join the body of the bird The
buzzard Immediately arose in the air
with the cat seemingly enjoying the flop
ping OF the huge wings, and in few
moments was higher than the highest
trees. Kitty then seemed to realize his
position, and commenced crying for the
fast receding earth. The buzzard hear
ing the noise, was more alarmed than
ever, and began to whirl and turn, but
the cat inserted his claws under the front
edge of the wing and chung on for life.
In turning and twisting the bird went
no higher. but descended toward the
ground, but was still high above the
trees; at one time it was flying nearly
with its back to the earth, but the cat
had its claws firm, and when the bird
lighted. puss was on its back. The bird
then arose to great height, and turning
over fell swiftly toward the earth, and
the poor cat came tumbling down, hav-
ing been unseated. He fell into large
tree, which broke the force of his fail,
and as he neared the earth, caught on a
limb, and ran down the body of the tree
under the house. Whenever that cat
sees the shadow of a buzzard now as it
flies over, he breaks for the house and
STAYS there until the bird is out of sight.