davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
Liverpool Grain.

LIVERPOOL, December 8 - Wheat-Dull
and unchanged.
Corn-Dull and lower; new mixed west.
ern, As SGD per GENITAL.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
COMMERCIAL.
Bullion,

Bullion.
NEW YORK, December S.-Bar Silver
go ZIG.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
Petroleum,

opened steady, at $3.50 but after the first sales
became weak, and declined to 6734. rally
then followed in which the loss was re
covered and the market closed strong at
SS3z.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
A NEEDED ExPLANArION

The recent ad. in The HERALD an
nouncing that the Salt Lake Oil Com
pany was ready for business in their
new scheme of delivering Coal Oil and
Gasoline free of charge, in quantities
of half gallon and upwards, has 30
swamped the company with orders that
they have found it impossible to can
yass the city thoroughly, More wagons
have been telegraphed for, and by De-
Gem Der 18th it is expected that the city
will be covered thoroughly. The fur
nishing by the company to their Fpa-
irons of the, large cards which are hung
out when oil is needed is also great
hit. Until the additional wagons ar
rive, customers will please overlook any
apparent neglect.
Remember-you are not asked to
sign any contract. Leave orders at the
compapy's office, Z E. Second South lat
Smiley, Groshell & Co.'S Telephone 81.
JAMES W. LUsK,
Manager.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09

BOYS and Childs' Overcoats, stylish
and cheap, at f. AueI bach's q Bro. s
Mammoth Establishment.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
Corrected by the Hyde & Griffin CO..

Corrected Daily By E. E. Rich.)
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
Weekly Bank Statement.

NEW YORK, December g. The banks
now hold seven million one hundred
thousand IN excess of legal requirements.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1888-12-09
Money Market

NEW YORK, december s-Mo1ey on call,
easy. per cent
Prime mercantile paper, $1,000.
Sterling exchange-Dull, steady; 4.844
for 60-day bills and 4.SSZ for demand.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15
"Yital to the Prosperity of the
Country"

The demand to-day for what is called
tariff revision rests in the popular mind
on the surplus, just as it did in 1888.
When we have disposed of this surplus
another will await us in less than five
wears, and probably in less than two.
We have therefore to consider, like SEN
sible men, not merely the eXigency now
upon us, but series of such eXigencies
sure to come. The men who framed
the Mills bill and have pushed it thus
far know what they want. They re-
gard and proclaim that they regard this
bill, as Mr.. Breckenridge said, as a
tentative " measure-one step toward
that ultimate " free-trade" which was
the happy dream of Mr.. Mills in the
peroration of four years ago. The bill
itself must lead to more importations.
1t reduces the rates for that very pur-
pose. More importations mean more
revenue. From the very nature of the
case, therefore, the people must them
selves settle the question of principle.
If they believe in protection, now is the
time to assert it; if they believe in
free-trade, now is the time to enforce
belief The nation can not evade the
tie itself one way or the other; nor can
any assertion by men that they do not
mean what they vote stand in the way
of such settlement. Had the friends
of freedom thirty years ago believed
the assertions of northern democrats
that no increase of slave territory was
meant would that have prevented
slavery north of the compromise line?
No man of note, either in congress OF
out, has ever justified Mr.. Mills bill
upon any other lines than will justify
and demand a new Mills bill at each re-
curing surplus-a series of Mills bills
until we reach the goal of Mr.. Cal
houn's ambition embodied in the con-
federate constitution, which prohibited
protection. 1t is right that this ques.
ton should be decided. 1t is vital to
the prosperity of this country. 1t is,
above all things, right that it should be
decided by all the people after full dis
cussion and in manner so emphatic
that the decision will be as final as was
the decision on the payment of the
bonds and the decision that specie
should be the basis Of our currency
Congressman T. B. Reed (Rep }, IN Ne,l
York Independent.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15

dropped to from five to six cents
pound in currency, and as skill in maxi
ing was acquired and local competition
increased, at from three to four cents a
pound. II could be obtained at few
days. notice in any quantity, from a
single bundle to carload lots. Rela-
lively the same advantage accrued to
makers of farm and mechanical tools,
carriage-springs and every article made
of steel, from a iack-knife to a steel
rail. When steel rails were first made
in the United States the price was S16G
ton. Now they are quoted at 500
and have been as low as S27-S1 less
than the duty originally placed on rails
and under which this industry was built
up and developed.
Speaking of these things to an intel
ligent granite-cutter of Montpelier, he
gave us leaf from his own experience.
Fifteen to twenty years ago he was
paying in this country, at retail, twenty
i've CeulS UOuHu lOI lnc Ell9IlSH CAST
steel of which his tools were made. To-
day he is paying eight and one-half
cents for American cast-steel equally as
good as the English. While following
his business in England he paid only
about eight cents for the same article
of English-make that afterwards cost
him twenty-five cents in the United
States. The steel was not made here.
English makers had a monopoly of the
market. Hence an article that cost
the English stope-cutter only about
eight cents pound cost the American
artisan twenty-five cents, and Johnny
Bull put the difference in his pocket.
Is it any wonder that England favors
free-trade, or " freer trade" for this
country, such as has killed the tin plate
industry, and would strangle the iron
and steel and every other industrial
pursuit in this country? American
working-men are "on to'' the scheme
of John Bull and his democratic allies,
and they can't work it in this country.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15

found a way to admit some of the finer
grades of wool, partly manufactured
and to the value of hundreds of thou
sands of dollars as waste, and they
would be likely to find authority in the
clause in question for putting potatoes
on the free list. Hence the claim-not
by " one or two othe, very ignorant or
very disingenuous congressman, but
generally on the republican side-that
the bill would put potatoes on the free
list. The friends of the bill were so
pressed in the discussion on this and
other similar points that they prom
ised to attach limiting and constituting
clause. Accordingly, on the 18th of
July Mr.. Bynum of the ways and
means committee offered as an amend
ment to the bill substitute section
forty-one, declaring that this act is
intended and shall be construed as an
act supplementary and amendatory to
existing laws" ETC., which was agreed
to. This was more than two months
after General CIRCUITS speech and is
alone an admission that the ground
taken by the republican side of the
house, by General Grout and Colonel
Haskins, that the Mills bill put pota-
toes on the free list, was sound The
Reformer's point against Colonel Has
kins-that L" the Mills bill is an amend
ment of the present law us too " sub
sequent." That the bill is declared to
be supplementary to and amendatory
of existing law, aud so at certain points
is made less dangerous measure, is
due to the pressure of republican men,
bers, not to democratic wisdom and
craftsmanship.
Notwithstanding the Reormer's pos
tive dictum, the question was really
not one of fact, but of construction
not by the courts, but by the free-trade
officers of the treasury department.
OF course, with substitute section forty
one, the bill leaves the duty on pota-
toes unchanged, but as it stood when
General Grout spoke TO it he was justi-
fed in saying that it put potatoes on
the free list under the head of vegeta-
bles. If his claim that the bill, before
amendment, put potatoes on the free
list was preposterously false" then
the ways and means committee did
"preposterously silly thing in amend
ing it with substitute section forty
one-the original section declaring
"that this act shall be in force from
and after July l, 1888, and all laws and
parts of laws in conflict herewith are
hereby repealed" These matters are
of no great account except as they shed
light upon the democratic policy and in
capacity, and show the desperate straits
to which the party organs are driven
to cloak or decorate the monster of
hideous mien" they have set up, and
to persuade the people to forget their
loathing and embrace"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15
"PrepOsterOusly False"

The Argus says that General CIRCUITS
statement chat the Mills bill, under the
head of vegetables, puts potatoes on
the free list, is preposterously false"
And the Brattleboro Reformer takes
Hon. Kittredge Haskins to task for
taking similar ground. The facts on
this point will show that the Mills bill =,
as reported, placed potatoes on the free
list; that if the duty is retained by the
bill as passed, no thanks are due to Mr.
Mills or to the democracy. Both must
be judged by their intent, not by an
act which they were prevented from
doing.
The bill puts on the free list
"uegetdbles in their natural state, or in
salt or brine, not specially enumerated
or provided for" Potatoes are not
specially enumerated" in the bill.
In fact, our contemporaries will not
find them mentioned there at all. Had
this clause read not specially enumer-
ated or provided for IN existing law," it
would have left no question, for under
existing law there is duty of fifteen
cents bushel on potatoes; or had the
Mills bill, as reported, professed to be
an act supplementary to or amend
atory of existing law there would not
have been the same ground for claim
ing, as the republican representatives
very naturally did, that under the
quoted clause potatoes would 90 on the
free list. But the bill had not this
supplementary or amendatory charac'
ter. 1t entered upon the revision OF
every schedule of the present tariff
1t was an independent measure. TIL,
Retormer scouts the idea of construc
ton of the law by the treasury officials
that would admit potatoes free. A sec
rotary of the treasury 80 construed tn,
law of 1864 as to admit tin plates at on,
and one-tenth cents pound, wherea
the plain intent of the fran ers of tn
act was to make the tax two and one
half cents a pound. Treasury official
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15
Education by Discussion.

The presidential elections present,
unquestionably, many aspects which are
open to criticism. They develop an
enormous amount of eXuberant patriot
ism and buncombe oratory, and make
room for a display of boyish element
which we have not yet entirely out
grown. But these things are only on
the surface, and while they are so
prominent that they can not escape
notice, they are really insignificant in
the sum total of political campaign.
Such campaign is very rough, but
very effective, way of educating the
people in public questions. 1t is just
here that our government fulfills one
of its most important functions-a
function which non-republican govern
ments fail to fulfill. One of the most
important features of our system is its
educational work. Our government not
only administers and executes, but
trains and develops. 1t is probably
true that in some respects it is not so
perfect an administrative machine as
governments more absolute in form.
But its defects as an administrative
mechanism are fast being remedied,
tration it gains on the side of educa-
ton. Our whole political system is a
vast common school, in which, by
duties, responsibilities, privileges and
symbols men receive the very highest
sort of education.
During the next three months there
will be no end of political devices, both
grave and gay. Countless banners will
be raised, countless professions re-
viewed, and to many these things,
which are the effervescence of a cam
paign, will seem to constitute the real
campaign. But although the element
of hilarity and hurrah is sometimes
marked in political struggle, and not
without its influence, the struggle is
determined not by torches and bon
fires and banners, but by sober discus
sion carried through the newspapers, in
public meetings, in private conversa-
tons, in every town and every home
throughout the length and breadth OF
the land. 1t is true that these discus
sions are often conducted with more
heat than light, and that absence of
information is made up by excess OF
passion.
Nevertheless the method, although
rough one, is in the end effective.
If proof were needed of this, it would
be found in the fact that so far in oul
history on every great question the
people have decided wisely and right.
eously. They may have been uncertain
and wavering at the beginning, but as
the discussion went on and the inter.
est deepened they have given closer
and closer attention, and when the day
of settlement has come their vote has
been cast for the maintenance of the
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15
Silly FalsehOOds.N

Dsputing an alleged statement by
Mr.. Plumley that "the protective tariff
makes prices to the purchaser lower"
the Argus, echoing President Cleve-
lands free-trade message, declares that
tariff duties add just so much to the
cost of an article" wants Mr.. Plumley
to explain how "adding to the cost
will reduce the price," and thinks the
leverage Vermont voter" will not be
deceived by "such silly falsehoods."
All this is very convincing. Whether
or not Mr.. Plumley made the state
ment attributed to him, he might have
made it, and, as rule, it would be en-
tirely within the bounds of fact. In
another article in this issue we have
shown "by illustrations from life "
that a protective tariff has made the
price of iron and steel lower TO pur-
chasers. If we had the space, and if it
were necessary, the demonstration
could be applied to a long list of other
products. The truth, in its application
to articles that can be produced in this
country, is mighty and will prevail.
How stands the Argus counter
statement that tariff duties add just
so much to the cost of an article ?"
Steel rails are quoted in this country at
500 ton. The duty is ST and the
freight is $3.50, making the tax on i'm
ported rails $3.50. This deducted
from 500 leaves $3.50, the price of steel
rails in England, if the Argus theory
is correct. Now the English price has
been all along, and probably is to-day,
about $40 ton. But steel rails are
not an article of very general "con-
sumption" More people are buying
nails. The base price of cut nails, ac-
cording to current quotations, is S2.1
keg. The duty is S1.25. If the
Argus statement is true, nails should
be bought in the European market at
eighty-fve cents keg of one hundred
pounds. Does the Argus believe
does any intelligent, well-informed
person believe-that they can be pur-
chased anywhere for twice that price
Nails have been sold in this country as
low as Sl.S5 when the duty was $50.
According to the Argus doctrine, the
price in the foreign market should
| then have been thirty-fiye cents a kep
But this is absurd, and illustrations
might be multiplied indefinitely to
show the absurdity of the Argus
theory. Our contemporary doesn't
believe its own "silly falsehood. :"
"'Taint a KNOWN kind o. cattle that
is ketched by mouldy corn" and the
Argus corn is far too mouldy for its
average voter"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15

II other parties will make up the balance.
The capacity of the ship Is equal to 300
barrels of flour, but her cargo should be
made up of flour, oatmeal and seed po-
tatoes, which last would arrive in time for
planting and replace those which the suf-
ferers have been forced to use to sustain
life. j shall desire the distribution OF the
cargo to be made by Mr.. Benefits commit
tee. As you are aware, these articles of
food will be delivered free of cost, save to
the government. If you approve the idea
you can make the proposition without dor
the present, at leasD using my name. You
may assume to guarantee the performance
Of my offer. Believe me, yours very truly,
A FRIEND.
Eight days later, when the total cargo
had been subscribed, the Herald felt at
liberty to give the name of the first
donor, which it did in these terms:
We congratulate the friends of suffer-
ing Ireland that the first cargo has been so
promptly made up. The Constellation "
announced her readiness to receive freight
on Tuesday next, and ON Wednesday her
cargo will he on board. This is due in great
part to the distinguished citizen who started
the movement. There is no reason why we
should any longer conceal his name. AS
his offer was conditional, and it was uncer-
tain whether the condition would be COM
piled with he had a reluctance to see his
name connected with an offer which he
might not be called to fulfill. But now that
the cargo is complete and the offer binding
we take the liberty to state that the gener-
Gus donor who infused life into this move
ment is Hon. Levi p. Morton.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15
This Picture and That.

Last week we showed why "there is
no tin plate manufactured in the North"
Possibly this article was providentially
suffered to 60 without protection by
way of affording g terrible example"
of the blighting effect free-trade would
have on other industries. With duty
so low as to present no serious obstacle
to the free importation of tin plate, the
ndustry-although this country has the
labor and the materials in abundance
that make up from eighty-five to ninety
five per cent of this article-has never
been able to gain foothold in Amer
ica How has it been with the indus
tries that have had adequate protection?
AT the time of the adoption of the pro-
tective tariff only the ordinary grades
of iron were made in the United States,
and American steel was term of re-
proach. For machinery, tools, carriage
springs, for all uses demanding even an
ordinary degree of excellence, foreign
iron and steel were used-and it was
generally English. There was none
made in the United States. The En-
glish had monopoly of the trade and
prices were very high.
The tariff soon changed all this. Be-
hind its shelter capital was invested in
mines, furnaces and mills. Skilled
workmen were brought from Europe.
Inventive genius was stimulated. Amer
lean iron and steel began to have "lo-
cal habtation and name" Although
distrustful, American manufacturers
began to "rejoice to see the curse re-
moved from domestic production. So
strong had been the prejudice against
the American product, and so assidu-
ously was it cultivated by the agents
of English manufacturers, it required
many years to convince American arti-
sans that American brands of refined
iron or American steel was as good as
the English. Conviction was, however,
driven home, at length, by expert
mental proof.
Did protection increase the cost of
iron and steel to manufacturers? On
the contrary, the price was reduced
from fifty to seventy-five per cent.
One firm in this vicinity that was
buying steel in England during the
earlier years of the operation of the
tariff was paying from ten to eleven cents
pound in gold. To be sure of a supply,
it was obliged to send its orders six
months in advance of the time the steel
was needed. BY reason of time and
distance it was compelled to carry a
large stock, with the resulting loss OF
interest and insurance. Under the pro-
tective tariff this steel began to be made
J in the United States. The price soon
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15
Washington County Resolutions.

At their recent convention the re-
publcans of Washington county de-
clared that
We are cordially in sympathy with the
aim and purpose of the resolutions relating
to certain state matters adopted by the
republican state convention at its recent
meeting at Montpelier, and those reso-
lutions are hereby reatfirmed by this con-
vention.
The resolutions, with the aim and
purpose of which the convention ex-
pressed its sympathy, and which it
formally and distinctively reatfirmed, are
"a That the railroads of Vermont were
chartered and endowed with certain powers
and privileges primarily for the benefit of
all the people, and that their service should
be open to all upon the same relative terms
and conditions, without discrimination or
favoritism in any form or degree.
(2) That in justice to their owners and
paying patrons, the practice of issuing free
passes to persons other than the officers and
employees and the officers and employees of
other railroads ought to be promptly dis
continued We especially deprecate the
issuing to, and the acceptance and use of,
the free pass by the state officers and men,
bers of the legislature, and all others whose
Oncldl actS may concern tne rights ana In
terests OF the railroads, as demoralizing in
intent and tendency, and demand that such
practice be prohibited by law
(3) That justice between man and man, as
well as the obvious interests of the people
of the state, demand that the principles em-
bodied in what is known as the long and
short-haul provision of the interstate com
merce law and the laws of several of oui
sister states should find a place in the
statutes OF Vermont, and that our state
railroad commission should be clothed with
ample powers to exact obedience to sucl
laws and to their own judgments and DEGREES
We have not noticed that the speakers
who are discussing public matters be-
fore the people are making any refer
ence to these important planks in the
state platform. All-important as thu
national issues are, the matters of vita
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15

HERE is an illustration of the civil
service reform under Growers admins
tration: From correspondent in South
Danville to whom we mailed commu-
nication August l, we received August
9 the following statement; "From
stamping on envelope l conclude that
your letter, which was plainly directed,
had been on an electioneering excur-
sion. II bore post-otlice stamp Mont
pelier, August /; South Walden, Au-
gust 3; Victory, August Z; North
Concord, August Z; South Danville,
August Z, Is it possible that Hi
rams men are having access to the
free whiskey' which we read of d?
South Danville post-oflice has had a
large amount of missent mail. huff
ced 20
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15

THE City of New York " arrived in
American waters early Friday morning,
having Mr.. Blaine among her passen-
gers. A fitting reception had been ar
ranged in New York, but the steamer
was delayed, and, as some parts of the
demonstration could not be deferred,
the grand torch-light procession came
off Thursday evening while the man in
whose honor it was devised was still at
sea. Friday evening, however, Mr..
Blaine appeared and spoke to an inn
mense throng of working-men in New
York, clearly defining the issues before
the American people.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1888-08-15

principles of government, for political
purity and for economic honesty.
1t was Kossuth who said that the
instructive feeling of great people is
often wiser than the wsest men. 1t is
not, however, wholly matter Of in
stinct; it is a matter of deliberate judg-
ment, and this judgment is formed as
the result of discussion. There is no
more impressive spectacle in the world
than the voluntary change of an i'm
portant policy of nation as the result
of political debate. The debate may
develop great deal of ignorance and
no small amount of passion; but it
deals with facts, it appeals to reason
and it secures a decision which is
based on righteousness. - Christian
T'DiO11