Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1888-01-15
ARCHAEOLOGY.
ONE OF sCHLIEMAEE's MOST REBARKA-
BILE DISCOVERIES.
Full Qualification Of the Researches IN
Ancient Kythsra-A Temple OF
Aphrodite,

New y Ork EUeN'nY EOst' All thoSS YIN
,erninc themselves with Hellenic and /
ore. Hellenic archaeology Will DO glad 10 /
earn that on the Island Of kerigo-the 4,
ancient Kythcra-tbo remains OF one oil (
.he Oldest temples OF Aphrodlte. which IS I
mentioned by Homer, Herodotns, and .
Pausanius. have recently been discovered
by DR. Scbliemsnn.
Herodotus g., 1872. who inquired INTO .
the origin Of Aphroditean ssnctuaneS IN
those parts, declares that one IN hJ tneFA
was sotupb 10y Ph@nicians from SYRIA.
This is not the moment to point Out III
detail how Goddesses of Love OF parity
Arvan, partly Semitic, and possibly even
other origin, were gradually blended lhto
one figare il the Greek Pantheon. ne
Anhroaite who landed il kypos made
journcv, according TO Hesiod-who wrote
1oO wears before HcrOdOtus-irom
west 10 east. first rising from the
daep. near Kvlhera, aud then passing
eastward. This would seem 10 lnul-
cat. an Aryan origin. Nevertheless the
statement Of HorodOtns-a mtive from
n part of Asia Minor where Semitic con
tact easily explains itself-ln regard ~
fine building Of the temple at kytberahy
phmDiciars NAV well hold good. As to
the details OF the latest achievement oil
tbe distinmishod German pathfinder IN
Greek and prehistoric archaeology thffy
arc awaited with the greatest interest: IL
this connection ask permission 70 ara"
more general attention TO mo7t lin
portan, letter of Mr.. Penrose. the Hlrec-
for Of the British School of Archaeology
nj Athens. 1t viii be remembered
that in consequence OF various douptS
having been raised against the antiquity
oF tbe remarkable discoveries at Myhene
and Tirvns. a special meeting vas held
~ Burlington House in London on the
Oh of july. 1886, by the Hellenic Society.
DIR. Schliemann and DR.. Dopield now
director Of tho German acknowledged
Institute at Athens purposely came up
N London in order TO meet their ahtago-
nists. On that occasion they repeater
the offer. already previously made, ior "a
tourney to be undertaken, IN common
with DIR. Dorpfeld, by any opponent Oh
theirs. when they were sure oil lingering
doults would lie set at rest on the spot
In September of the present year Mr
Penrose- until then an adversary III
some degree Of Or. Schliemann ON the
ouestion of the prehistoric character oil
fine structures discovered IN the felopoh-
nesns-at last made the VISIT TO Ilryns
and Mvkene in company with Or. Dofp-
feld The eminent English arch@oloGist
has come back convinced that the dOuots
raised had no foundation IN fact ana
+ he states this with irankness aho
/ honesty which merit the fullest praises.
"This visit. he writes, was parllcu-
larly interesting TO me, ms 1t enabled me
10 clear M certain doubts when pre-
vious hurried visit IN the spring OF IoCJ
had led me to entertain relative TO The
Croet antiduitv of the dwelling mouse
c,Ilod fine Palace OF Tiryns and the
rombs of Mvcone." Having alluded i'
the discussion of the several points
brougbt forward in the rooms OF the
London Society Of Antiquarles, ne goe'
on; ,.....-.;o,,
,vos unreasonable, but my late visit con
vinced me that they were all capable o
exclamation. and that both at lTyns an'
NvcepD the parallel antiquity OF Nr
Settlements discoveries and the gfea
peIasoic works can be established. Al
Importaut point in the controversy re-
lated TO the use of the stone saw.
was argued that the evidence OF TINS IN
strnment on some of the stones In Tn
naloce proved it Of later date than Tn
walls Of fine citadel but l found tina
This aroument broke down, Tor ther
we're evident marks OF its use on the pll
lars Of the great gateways both at Ilryn
and Myccne. 81, ~.
Another difficulty arose, Mr.. Ienfos
continues. from the badness OF the cor
struction of the palace walls and III
smallDess Of the stones used. This,
fine opinion of the adyersaues of ID
Scbliemann. seemed to tell against u
nrehistoric antiquity OF his discoy,erie.'
thc Oldest structures being megalithl'
, HAVING Given countcr-reasons from SON
3 Of the features Of Tiryuthlsn buil'
, iuq. Mir. Pcnrose adds but pc
f hans the strongest argument
{ ALI comes from the dwelilng-hou'
To- or palace recently discovered ON III
summit of the Acropolis Of Mycena
There are the same features almost e.
, octlv ss at Tirvns, the same and eve
p clearer evidence Of destruction by hr'
4 and mon the top of the ruins OF this al
, cent bulding are the foundations OF
, regular Dorlc temple, when SHOWS !
. the character of its architecture that
| must heye been as Oldas 4JO Is. Z. Nor
< ovor between the foundations OF u
t temnle aud the remains Of the pal"
y walls some ruder dwellings have bee
S constructed, which necessarily SEM na'
n the date of the original palace consider
It bly, further. q, .oi
Again, Mr.. Penrose says: "A Pc,
Il which Mt first seemed to oiler much dil
e cuitv was tine evidence Of burnt brc
q and mortar in the walls OF Iiryns
4 Now. it has repeatedly been proved u
/. Assvriars. Babylonians, and EgyH tlaI
70 in cray antiquity, had known and u.s.
i MT only sun baked but also kiln bur
= bricks. Tie letters OF Professor Say
n and OF MIR. Flinders Petue IN I
If London AcQdc0B On this sanle
Of ore in the recollection OF tho
At who have followed the cont
at versv. The occurrence at Tiryns
ut bricks burnt in the oven would con
{. ouentlv have been no real argum.
&c AGAINST prehistoric antiquity. On
nat. Mr.. Penrose writes " l con
however, find 10 kiln-burt bricks II
D. walls of the original structure,
AVID the mortar admits of the eXplal
ton that i was formed by "A natu
w. shaking of limestone calcined by e
lS 6sgratlon." SO the allegation OF the
10 Moments of Schhcmnnn has broken DO
30 IN a twoiold way.
nc ..As TO the antiquity OF the tomos
ne Nivcenm." Mr.. Penrose concludes, 81
DC onlv argument against it IS the badn
ID ii thc building, which, il disproyed
iig an argument at Tiryns, fails mere al
ID Rut one proof sufiiccs to establish tn
IN grsst ace. The wall OF the citadel
p hoon detected into curve to COMO
to tho line Of the conical mound, 50 I
as this peasgic work must have been cit
III contemporary. or else the tombs
~ older sin. and existed as an extra-mu
M cemetery before that portion OF the c
10 del was enclosed.
.-rI.A .