Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1888-05-12

interests OF Lntsc ldltcr Glasses maze
it impossible for the peasant to OBJ
tain his rights.
So the bondage Of the peasant con-
tinued, while the mobiles and clergy
maintained their rights in opposition
to those Of city residents, until the
French Revolution appeared at one
fell blow to annihiate all these priv
jrges, and in place thereof to secure
for all free and full rights Of citizen
ship.
But new form of oppression now
became apparent, arising from a
favorable development Of the free
and progressive rivalry in the whole
sale production of all useful articles
OF commerce.
The extinction of feudaIism was
succeeded by the advent Of the capt.
taIist, and the disappearance Of vas
salago by the coming of the wage
worker.
As the change from nomadic life
to agriculture, among the earliest
disadvantages to the race, was
brought about by increase of popuIa
ton, and again, as the founding of
the cities and the consequent transl-
ton from home labor to that Of the
mechanic demanded corresponding
density Of human beings, so the
same increased population, with the
aid of mechanical production, rem
dcred both possible and necessary Il
universal commerce and transporta-
| ton.
TIE DIVISION or LABOR.
1t is a social and pOlitico-economi-
cal maxim that, as result Of the
classification of cooperative labor,
with an equal expenditure Of force
and time, more can he produced
than by the self-dependent, isolated
labor of single individuals.
To this foundation principle there
must be allowed free course, if the
people wish to remain unhindered in
the future, as regards increase Of
numbers or social improvement.
The smaller States and the guilds
must therefore perish, and great
possessions and comprehensive kinds
of business must take their place.
The mere separation into classes of
society no longer sutlicing, a higher
form of class separation must now be
discovered. Thus arose. and neces-
sarily, the classification of labor in
the mandatory, which no longer,
as formerly, produced an entire arti-
Gle, but onl y part of it.
When this classification of labor
was discovered, 1t had not only the
effect to render both the products
and the instruments Of production
more perfect, but that all wants
were supplied by means of uni
vcrsal motor, which assumed the
manufacture Of all articles of trade
and commerce, by means of ma
chlnery.
But still another fact made its in.
tluence felt upon production; since
a machine of IA thousand horsepower,
according to all experience, works
more economically than a thousand
machines of one horse power, there
is an acknowledged superiority in
machinery.
But while the social order Of the
dominant power in labor, that is
capital, and the rapid increase Of
private mouopolies hold sway, we see
the gradual deterioration and grow
ing misery Of the working classes.
SOCIAL DEMANDS ALONE.
In view Of the irresistible progress
in the art of production, what is tn,
use of asking whether labor is tn,
source of all improvement? AnC
what is the use of proclaiming eQua
rights:
necessarily and undeterred roll
onward the wheel of Fate And i
is now clear and certain that tn,
principle Of economic development
is to be the controlling power, willis
the idea of democracy can only re
ceiye recognition as something de
pendent upon the progress Of genera
culture.
A democracy having its founda
ton in limited n0hucal ecnnom,