New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1888-06-07
AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS.
nrsoovrRIEs MADE BY THE NoRsEMEN.
.,..rrr.sAw WORD FOR TEE CHINESE

o~.p.prr HAS A WORD FOR TEE CHINESE
PSYCHOLOGICAL HERRDIry.
.h;rd session of the International Congress
i..,hronology yesterday gained in interest and
o. attendance. More authors than usual were
IN MT and read their essays. Inc concluding
pi today will be distinctly Amcr'can one
1870 will be an address by bunalo BIZ on
y TSs Ethnography Of the Indians frihce
"a Ronaparte will preside.
ROAR onenins paper yesterday was by James
's.r Baxter president of the Maine Historical
fn' iD.,- 81 Portland, entitled The History of
eoo he referred first to the legends that
~ new world" and Of writer's who
fp~uht TINT the Egyptians colonlzed America,
a,so 10 those who wrote that the Chlnese
sns Ta,tars were connected with the early history
~. 49, country. The first trustworthy accounts
o. 80 .rica he said. were in the ecclesiastical
o. a. Adam Won Bremen, written in 1879.
,,s~.orca students. until the early part Oh the
"~n, century, generally treated the history OF
tr;.a before its discovery by Columbus as
- and mythical 1t was the Royal Society
'sNo,thern Antiquarians at Copenhagen VINO then
Oh '..,sa research Of the manuscripts Of the
s.ss-men, who preserved many tradit'ons Oh carry
...s 10 Vineland, I" a land Of promise In the
v%as Legends and facts are woven together
N@S noems. but the truth is that the occupa-
'n 20 America was the natural outcome OF the
.or mint of the Norsemen, who made many
.is,s attempts to penetrate the mystery OF the
nu~ waters before Iceland and the north
..,r sles were settled. lie spoke of Naddonord,
VIZ" ,ossed by storms saw high hills piercing
W." .oo,ns: of Gardar and Flok; and sketched
rovaees made by Erik, dngof, BJarnl, and
"a, ,ho testified to the places found by these
.-.,les Left made the first successful voyage
- tho Western Hemisphere.
-. Roland Bonaparte discussed MIR. Banters
-, While be was not prepared to question
S.,t that Norsemen discovered the northeastern
Wv w.. Of America, be thought that facts sug-
.ss,sa an earlier discovery by Chinese He said;
writer Of the present century has discovered IN
.nc,snt Chinese history mention Of the travels OF
c.,n.se priests to remote lands Of "Tusang'' IRIS
-a 10 be the country the northeastern coast OF
'.ms,ea Du Channey, in his Mexican explorations
,.rovsred In PainQue Mexico, a symbol on q nnohu-
r.p, known the Buddhsts as Tai KAi'" common IN
,. IN ancient umes representing the idea OF physical
~,ec,,on japanese junk stranded on the shores
:, csutonis In 1875 Why was it not possible for a
sros, thing to have happened to Chinese JUNK in
,neient tmesi
DR. T. Munson Coan. Of this city, who has
lived in the Hawaiian Islands for nineteen years.
rad paper on The Ethnography OF the
Hawaiians" He treated the life of the Hawailans
before civilization reduced their strength. and SAID
that they were not DeneuUeQ ny
oeeially by intermarriage of races, which caused
deterioration of race qualities. His paper was
followed by one written by DR.. +. s. kraus. OF
Vienna entitled, The Holy Nediilika' Easter ds
Sunday. a Bosnian follz-song. Scientifically Dr
Knusis researches have been satisfactory James
d Crichton, librarian of the Brooklyn Library,
translated the poem.
Professor j. 5, Lansing, of Rutgers College read cad
paper on The Nile Civllizer with the
Egyptians" and w III. Ingersol, of Brooklyn:
rad one on The History of Christ in the Ideal OF
Sacred Art DR.. ii. S. Drayton read " Short
Stnay of the Modern Cinnamon" concise and
crisp paper was that by Dr. r. ID. Crothers of Hart
ford on Psychological Heredity," which he de-
fined thus:
The mental moral traits Of persons are seen In the
fxed IDEAS Of individuals and communities We may
conclude that many fixed ideas OF religion, science, poll
ties and life are generally traceabe to herediy aud
come from the FIRST generation. The intellectual and
moral Attachments Of many communities are largely the
result Of heredty OF certain dominant Ideas OF the
pas, generations Sometimes reforms are OF such SLOW
rowth that unless by some great social revolution
sreratons supervene before any reform attans per
usnepcy Psychological heredity brings out new view
q the origin and growth OF the intellectual ana moran
,,oe,ess OF men aud nations Fixed ideas OF religion
Ana science are often defended with childish dogma
below the intellectual standard Of the defender.