Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-12-15


the Cherokees to the western part Of
North Carolina and upper Georgia,
which is today known as Cherokee
Georgia; and the memory Of the tribe
still survives In the local names, such as
Chattanooga, Chickanauga, Ettowah,
,Oostenau)a and Connesauga. At the
close Of the American revolution very
remarkable emigration took place, which
profoundly affected the character OF the
Cherokee nation. In both the Carolinas
was considerable population Of Tories
OF much higher grade socially and In
tellectually than those Of whom we hear
most. These Scotch and British Tories
were very largely Presbyterian In faith
and were q wealthy and enterprising
people. The close Of the American revo-
luton made their social position intoler-
able, and they gathered up their nova
west Of the mountains and were absorbed
into the Cherokee nation. They intro
duced the Bible, the common school, the
loom, the anvil and the printing press.
They intermarried with the Cherokees
and their names are still In that tribe,
such as Ross, Macintosh, Ridge, Boudi-
not and other family names. During
the administration Of George Washing
ton the first formal treaty was made
with the Cherokees, and nineteen sue
cessfve treaties have been made, ending
In the comprehensive treaty Of 1865,
which guarantees to them possession for
all time Of the country they now occupy
In the Indian territory.
The nation was already well organized
politically in Georgia, and the question
Of it's removal by force from its ancient
seat was one Of the most exciting in
iA,uc~fca,, ,,olit;~a1 literat t,,ro Tho vroroa
Of the Cherokees were celebrated in prose
and verse. Some Of the most affecting
pieces Of oratory to be found in Amer
lean works of rhetoric were uttered in
courts and elsewhere In their defense.
But II was idle to contend against the
united action of the whites in Georgia
and adjacent states.
A traveller along the main lines through
the Cherokee nation today will not meet
one person in ten of pure Indian blood,
and vet such are In the majority, as
shown by the census. But they live in
the timber and in the valleys remote
from the public road. Ever since the
Cherokees located in their present coun-
try they have maintained the policy OF
inviting the fragments Of other tribes to
join them, and one by one not less than
thirteen little Indian nations have sunk
their tribal organizations, taken 'head
rights" among the Cherokees and become
citizens Of the nation. OF these the most
o noted are the Weaws, Piankeshaws and
Mia1nis, of Indiana; the Shawnees,
Wyandottes and others, Of Indiana, nli-
nois and Canada; the Senecas and others,
e Of New York; the Pottawatomies, Quau-
DAVIS and Delawares. With these addi-
lions, the Cherokees now number about
1900 people with about 81, ,000, 900 worth
Of property, some seventy schools and
very large school fund, which by all &C,
counts is very wisely administered
At the outbreak of the American civil
war all the Indians of the territory were
In highly prosperous condition, and
the wealth OF the Cherokees In horses
and cattle was estimated as high as $40,
600 to the family. The division among
them had even more bloody and ruinoul
results than among the whites. A ma
FORTY adhered to the Southern Confed
eracy and an Indian regiment fought OF
that side at the battle Of Pea Ridge. A
the close of the war the Indian territory
was almost q waste, and notwithstand
ing the development Of the last twenty
three years the ChCroEces as uyl a
wealthy as they were in 1860. Never
theless this Is the most interesting Of al
tha- Indian trihea. not only hsca,isa II