davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
The Meaning OF Cards.

Oar preacher has got about as many
cycsin his head rs anybody, and rs he
sat near my secretary his fingers mean.
dcrcd TO Il deck Of beautiful cards that
the girls forgot to hide, and as he shut
tlod them carelcssly in his hand he on
claimed: "Well, this is IN age of pct
urcs. ! never saw so many, and some
OF them are too lovely for anything;
but t'oio are different from any ! have
aoon What are these for, young ladics?'
/ SAW their cunning embarrassment and
came to their relief. Those are my
lecture tickets" said ]. ooh, yes, |
Sr.'' said he; 'this N with five spots
ad!Aiis n family Of five, and this one
yttk ten spots n family Of ten" Exact.
y 80" said !, land those with pictures
arc complimentarios for the preachers. y
II understand" said he, land 50 | will
just take two or three OF thosc nome
with me-" and he slipped a queen and
2 jack in his pocket. Those cards.
said |. "arc reminders Of many things.
There are our kinds which remind us
Of the four seasons. The spade reminds
us that labor is the leading tramp in
this worlds affairs; the club that we
must DC aggressive and force our way
the diamond that money is n good
ching TO help, and the heart that afto'
all, riches and labor and force ar,
worth nothing without love. There are
twelve Of those picture cards, which re.
mind us OF the twelve months in the
year. and iifty-two cards in the deck.
which tell us Of the iifty-two weeks in
The year, and" "And.n snid he.
i%nlcrrupting me, 'tncrc are Just 800
spots in all, which remind us of the
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
MIR. EnrII.Ie,s Com ..,lterp.

W%AsnuNGroN, d G. January Speak
cr Cqrlislc's committees give very general
satisfaction. There ore, Of course, some
iisappointmcnts. This is usual. Even the
political opponents Of Mr.. Carlisle praise
him for the care he has exercised, and
recognize his most earnest cndcavors to not
only satisfy those directly Interested, but
render the best possible satisfaction to the
country.
There were many conflicting interests to
be considered in the formation of the com
mittccs, and many members not only begged
10 be placed upon certain committees, but
refused in advance 10 serve if given assign.
ments they did not like, and which they
named.
il is believed that Mr.. Carlisle has acted
very wisely, in view of the policies Of his
party, respecting tariff reform, a%ppropria
tons, pensions, financial matters, territorial
interests, railroad, educational, labor and
other problems, which are pressing Con.
gross for action.
The Speaker said tonight that he was
never more completely eXhauatcd from his
word, and that he felt greatly relieved now
that it was finished.
Most of the committees will meet tomor.
row and organize, by the selection of sub.
committees, assignments of measures which
have already been referred, and will ap.
point clerks, etc.
Members of the Committee on Ways and
Means say they believe that hearing will be
granted on tariff matters, and those most
interested will be given an opportunity 10
present arguments, verbally and written.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
Cyclorama Fairgrounds.

When n battle panorama, or CYCLIC
rama, is TO be set up, the material for
tho foreground is always prepared be-
fore the receipt of the picture. The
chief artist and tho mechanical con-
structer of the platforms, following the
irregular lines indicated both on the
first drawing and the panorama. All
the lumber that is used is treated with Il
composition of ~silicate to keep out
moisture, and to make it fire-proof.
Hundreds Of loads of earth have been
carried into the building; quantities Of
lumber, trees both living and dead, to-
gether with o collection of fence-rails,
bushes, sods, logs, sand, and n variety
OF camp equlpage, are piled about,
ready for use. The platforms arc
groundwork. for the Garth and sod,
which are very skillfully joined TO their
painted semblances on the canvas
bushes and trees arc planted; earth
works and log-camps are built;-evcry.
thing is done with careful intent TO
make the foreground and painting APP
pear as one whole landscape, and so to
join the two in meaning and color as to
make it nearly impossible for n spccta~
tator to determine at any point which
is the real and which the painted scene.
This work calls for very careful judg-
ment, as it is necessary to settle the OK
act relation in size which real objects
shall bear to those in the painting. An
ordinary cap or hat placed upon the
foreground near the canvas would seem
prodigious. though the same hat, thrown
upon the ground near the platform oc-
cupied by the spectator, would not at.
tract notice. The entire foreground
must, therefore, be arranged to aid the
perspective of the painting, so that when
the panorama IS ready for exhibition,
aver the artist, who has constantly la
bored to attain that very result, finds
difficulty in realizing that the scene
spread before him is painted upon can
vas which hangs vertically but forty
feet distant from his eye. Theodore Il.
OaViS, tn 81 Nicholas.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
The Souih's hdrpuatc Lnbor.

The South has fair supply Of labor &c
meet The demands of present industries
which is tlactablc and trustworthy. J
found that the Southern man who is en-.
gagged in industry pays q warm tribute OF
praise and appreciation totic COlorcd labor
crs. Autc.war decisions about The Negro
are scattered. Everywhere The black mar
is nj work. saw him on The railroads, il
the furnaces, in coal and iron mines, il
cotton congresses, ut freight terminals, a
warehouses, at cOking ovCns, OF farms, a
tcaming, etc. The ncgrois at the front il
the manual wolk in the South. For sucl
service he is "A %GavOritc, and he is doing
his part well in NIL the region which | saw
a gentleman who is engaged in numbering
in lower Alabama said he had engaged col
orci men largely for thirteen years in hi,
operations, and had found them honest
capable and loyal. Some Of his hands ina,
served him the whole time, and a few were
receiving $40 a week wages. He Count
that whose treats the negro fairly and lastly
and keeps faith with him ncch' have II,
trouble with his help, and will get gouC
work done This opinion was coullmcl
by Prof. CTavath Of Fiskc University, il
conversation with him. - BdltimoyG .NdHu
ttctureIS' RtCVl'd.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
The rail of n tiuduci.

CLEVELAND, Ohio, Jui uary u Shortly
before . o'clock this afternoon the new
Central Niaduct over Central way gave way
and fell To the ground, forty feet below,
with Il terrible crash. The huge sleeper
which Is used on top Of the viaduct. went
down Nith the wreck, burying fourteen
woTkmCn beneath the debris. The accident
came without u seconds warning. Sud.
denly the two spans over Central way fell
rs If sawed of from the structure. Two
men were crushed to death instantly and
while their inutilatCd bodies could be seen.
they could not he taken from the ruins by
reason of the vast weigh. piled on than.
one OF the spans was 100 feet, and the
other 80 feet In length. From what can
he learned from those working ON the via.
duct ut the time Of the accident, it was con
jcctVrCd that the immense weight of the
engine, used in hosting the larger a heavier
materials into position together With tho
weight Of the spans, caused all that portion
OF the structure between the Valley tracks
and Central way To go down.
The accident resulted from an oversight
In permitting the water carrier to run too
far ut on thC end Of the wooden trcstlc
which is erected In advance Of the iron
works. The carrier ran over the end of the
trcStlc and plunged down, carrying the
wooden support, and these in turn crashed
against the insecure iron works. CARRYING
down with il lhc next two spans. Hardy,
the first man taken from The wreck vas an
awful sight. He was pinned by a mass of
broken beams and iron, and when lifted up
the head was severed from Il C body and
rolled into the gutter.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
The coal fleet which left pittsburg for

The coal fleet which left pittsburg for
Cincinnati and Louisville on Thursday is
having u rough trip on account Of the re-
ccding water and heavy ice. Between Pitts.
burg and Wheeling Mt least ten lows arc
reported grounded, aud in q number of
cases portions of the lows have been aban.
doned. The loss cannot be estimated at
this time, but it will be very heavy.
A special from Dubuque, Iowa, says:
Senator Allison, who leaves here today
for Washington, said in an interview that
the party which failed TO do its share in
speedily reducing tariff taxes would lose IN
public favor. The necessity for,some action
was great, and Congress would DC COM
PEELED to act. He did moi wish to outline
any definite plan, but said that parties were
50 divided that in order to reach any result
mutual concessions must be made. He
would be willing TO repeal the tobacco tax
and sugar tariff and to further enlarge the
free list"
j. III. Alvey, one of the victims OF the
railroad accident on the Southern Railroad
near Chattanooga, died in C%ovinGton, Ky,
and his wife is reported to he in Il dying
condition. The other wounded arc doing
well. Bones and hair and a letter have
been discovered in the wreck Indicating
that a man, woman and child, names I'M,
known, were burned with the ladies coach.
The letter was from ST. Augustine, Fla. ,
was signed Ben and addressed to Dear
Lula" The officers of the Cincinnati
Southern Railroad Company cmphaticully
deny that there was further loss of life
than previously reported. They publish q
list OF all The passengers and employees on
both trains, and account for each and
every one.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
A TONGUE IN o

contracted malaria in the swamps Of
Louisiana While working for the tcle-
graph company, and used every kind of
medicine | could hear of without relief.
| at last succeeded in breaking the fever,
but ii cost me over $4,000, and then my
system q Frustrated and saturated with
malnrial poison and | became almost
helpless. | finally came here, my mouth
50 filled with sores that | could scarcely
cat, aud my tongue rev and ii led with
little knots. Various remedies were re-
sorted to without effect. | bought two
bottles of Il. j. i. AID it has cured and
strengthened me. All sores Of my
mouth are healed and my tongue entire
ly clear of knots and soreness, and | feel
like Il new man.
Jackson, Tenn, April 20, 1856.
A. +. BRITT1N
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
Tcrry's Lucky Widow.

There Is q ono ana curious story be-
hind .hc announcement made, with a
good 1"N, of sensational flourish, that n
fortune of 1000, O00 nas been left to
Mrs. Kate Louise Terry by her late hus,
band, Ivan Petro Tory, who died i'm
Paris. where the lucky widow is still
living. The $1,000, 900 will probably
be cut down Il good deal, but il the for
tune reaches half that sum Mrs. Terry
is an extraordinarily fortunate woman,
OF the lady the Hartford IIaiCS says:
Her Lie up to the present time, if ac-
curatcly depicted in q novel, would
mako interesting reading. Kate Louise
Norman Cher maiden namc) came
hithcr from England III childhood with
her lathcr, who settled III Brooklyn.
and eventually became q Judge there,
She IS LOW about ~ years Of age, hand.
some, OF good ilgnrc, tnu a style tina!
mas 4 %0o0 ucal OF uaSh IN 1t. III was
to her good ook aud hor style that she
o"s nor courtroom marriage to Ivan
S., Terry, Before that she had been the
wife OF the notorious BAR burglar,
Charley buiIard, who is now said to be
f'INing 4 long term OF Imprisonment in
'y.giih. Inc marriage TO Builard took
place IN England, where she was visit
luC, When Slo WAS about 10 years old.
Ih''|'" iish went py the name oil
11''"S NeiiS. lie was a smart fellow,
WIN II me address and plenty OF spend
ing money, and the girl he married
EncW nothing about his real character.
If" TOOK her to Paris, where he opened
II sort OF American har-room on n
snowy scale, and installed his pretty
young wife as cashier. Shc naturally
attracted a good deal OF notice, and the
venture prosporcd for a while. Billiard
gave 1t up, however, and brought his
wife to New York. 1t was then sho
found out who and what he was.
Another vile o o turned up, and. the
couple separated, never TO meet again.
The sccond wife took her two children
an! went oil on her W account. How
she lived till she met Terry does not
appear TO be known. lie was tho Sol
OF Z millionaire sugar-plantcr III Cuba,
anH had made some money himself.
They were married without any loss OF
TIME but the subsequent proceedings
We're not entirely harmonious. A num-
Arr OF little unpleasantncsscs occurred,
and Icd up inAiiy to policc-court scr-
satlon. Mrs. Terry was OF Il decidedly
Jealous tnrn, and once on gong through
her huSbands pockets, oitcrthe manner
OF widoawako wives she found q %uSh-
il% l"ttcr from i young woman explain
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
\ shocking Accident.

Mr. Angus Heath, the father Of Walter,
and Dir, Eddie O,Bannon, after hunting
awhile Saturday morning, went into Mr..
llcath's house, hut set their guns against
the steps outside. About / o'clock il com
menced raining, and AIr. O'Bannon taking
his gun In Mr.. Heath asked his son, who
Is rs years old to bring his In also, Wal
Ter stepped to the door and stopped down,
taking hold of the barrel Of the gun, the
stock resting on the ground. AS he straight.
cned up, thc left hand barrel went of, the
entire load taking effec. just above tho
right breast, ranging across TO the left, but
did To- come out. His father says IL was
instant death. 1t is thought that the ham
mcr struck the step and caused the gun to
go off. Mr. Heath is n new conner in this
vicinity, he having lately moved from near
Levels Church to where he now lives on
Cedar Creek. - ken JOWrRdL.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
G. BARRETT & CO..
AUGUSTA, GA,
CHARLOTTE FEMALE INSTITUTE.

Tho current session Of this Institute
closes January Dist, 1888, when the
Spring Session begins, which ends june
9th, 1888.
The present session is one OF the most
prosperous in tho history Of the Insti.
tutc. There is room for only q few noro
boarding pupils. The health of the
school, the accommodations OF it's board.
ing department, and the efficiency of It's
corps of teachers are unsurpassed any.
where in the South. The first of January
rs very convenient time for entering,
fnp'is are charged only from date of
entrance.
Rcv. WM. h. ATKINSON,
:, Principal.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
Years Teach More Than Books

Among other valuable lessons impaired
by this teacher is the fact that for a very
long time DIR. Picrce's Golden Medical
Discovery" has been the prince of liver cor.
receives and blood purifiers, being the
household physician OF the poor man, and
the able consulting physician TO the rich
patient, and praised by all for its magni6.
cent service and efficacy In. all diseases of n
chronic nature, as maiarial poisoning, all.
ments OF the respiratory and digestive sys.
TENS, liver disease and all cases where the
use Of an Alternative remedy is indicated.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
The Growth of the Southern States.

CHATTANOOGA, January 3.-The Trades.
man has received official reports from the
comptrollcrs of all the Southern States cX-
ccpt Louisiana, giving the total real estate
and personal property valuation in 1919,
1880, 1886 and 1887, railroad valuation for
the years 1880, 1886 and 1887, and tax lcvics
in each.
The total realty and personally valuation
in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South Caro-,
lima, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia is as
follows: 1875, $2,l6i, Gii, 2Q2; 1880, 81.
800, 73l, 129; 1886, 1907, G34, 451; 1897,
|3,2,9,Sia.C %. The increase in four years
between 1870 and 1880 was sill ,0Si ,43i.
and i'm the single year 1887 The increase III
| the ten States was 500, 2l3, sci. The in,
crease in the four years ending in 1880 was
, per cent, aud in the six years ending III
1856, 20 per cent. lnthctwcivc months OF
1887 the increase was g. per cent, and III
| the seven years ending in 1887, 80 per cent.
The t0ta! railroad assessment in tie ten
| States in 1887 is $25S, GjG,Sli, an increase
of s per cent. in the past twelve months,
| and in incrcasc'of 1913 per cent in the past
seven years.
in round numbers the increase in the
past seven years in the ten States has been;
Alabama $ij, 900, 900, Georgia ST., eco, 600,
Kentucky $l32, 00o, 600, Maryland $22, COO
600, Mississippi, $50, 900 900, North Caro-
lima $31, 600, 600, South Carolina $2l Geo,
900, Tennessee SIS, 900, 600, Texas 1892
100000, Virginia $4,000, 0t0. In the past
twelve months the increase in real estate
ami personal property assessments has been;
Alabama $4,000, 600, Kentucky $ai coo,
600, Mise' sippi SIG, 600, 600, Tennessee
$40, 000, 900, Georgia $1,000 0C0. Mary.
land 81, 900, 600 North Carolina $1,000, coo,
Texas $2O, OCT, 600.
In South Carolina there was a decrease Of
So, 600, 900, and in Virginia decrease OF
Ti00, 600.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
\ Frsht between white and Negro Troops

There was a serious riot at Jefferson
Barracks, st. Louis, IN Tuesday, between
white and colorcd troops, in which several
were injured. Three of these are expected
TO die, The trouble arose out of the con
duct Of a drunken negro soldier in chasing
u white girl through tl C streets. lie was
run down by some white soldiers and taken
to headquarters. Others of the negro
troops then started out in arms, and meet
ing some white troops attacked them fierce.
ly. The whites made their escape and
formed a party for revenge. When they
met the negroes, a sharp fight rnsucd, in
which knives, clubs and rocks were used
with terrible effect. The casualties were
as already stated. The row was finally
stopped by Il squad Of whtc soldiers, and
everything is now quiet.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
SIJ IE JOINTS
\ ) REMARKABLE CASE OF sURoTULA
y RHEUMATISM.

y MOST REMARKABLE CASE OF SCROTULA
y RIiEUMATISM.
have a little boy twelve years old
whose knees have been drawn almost
double and his joints are perfectly stun,
and he has been in this condition three
years, unable to walk. During that time
the medical board Of London county OK.
amincd him and pronounced the disease
scrofula aud prescribed, but no benefit
ever derived. then used n much adj
yertlsed preparation without benefit.
Three weeks ago he became perfectly
helpless aud suffered %dreadiully.i '
\ friend who had used b. b.. b. All.
rised its use. lie has used one bottle
and oil pain has ceased and he can now
walk. This has been n most wonderful
action, as his complaint had banled
everything. l shall continue 10 use it on
him. MRs. EMMA GRIrFIrus
Unitia, Tenn, March 2, 1886.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11

Describing tho taking of tho town"
Dickinson, ID. r., by a party of cowboys
the Bismarck IttGuuc says: More mon
was thrown over the bars and coun-
ters i'm two hours than is spent in an
ordinary business center in a week"
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
Architect SchmiiH Dismissed.

~, wo,. ----
w" mN%uS cSInunS .nc 'oi'oNint
ICTr,oSaT nWScm"oi "sScu n,aMccn oilp'tolle
IJnmon No,mGn, ,1c'aCu1tS % nc otnl!
irc, Schn,i,n. """ ASs''"''' h'chl
wv w. ,.oa
". y S. IIH % .; Snn; - ioG2;
,Stnt, jL,uys Toi;,nIG, Z
DrAH SIN: At n meeting Of tlc S,o,e
House Commission. held this dny, was
instructed TO inform Won tint vonr snIayy
ceases this dav MS Assistant Architect. YOU
will also dismiss the porter. and Won mr.
requested to turn over the KEYS, etc. &c
the Office.
Very respectfully,
j. S NERNER. c. G. and Scc'v.
per w. Williams.)
Tic following letter from Mr.. Schmitz
WAS addressed to the State House Commits.
sion:
COLUMBIA, January /. 1888.
IL the HDa0y0JIo Comn tsSion:
G~ENTLEMuN: Your letter of january &
informing me of my dismissal as Assistant
Architect, received. AS such summary
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11

There is great alarm among manufacto
RIGS dependents upon the Reading Road for
fuel Not many of them carry large stocks
of coal ahead, and W weeks st0ppago nl
mining would close up the majority Of
them.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11

Plantation philosophy: Dat sorter charity
dat is only drawed out by the fack dat dc
pusson what needs hep longs ter dc same
secret society dat ycrsef does amt dc sorter
charity dc Lawd lubs.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11

InRlt-A-BHAC

WIFI rue.
1t is Il land pcoplcd by witlcss mortals--
Compared with them the virgins five
were wise
And il is writ above its gloomy portals:
Owe did not thiuk 1t paid to advertise"
There is u land that flows with milk and
honey
Not the condensed, nor yet the sorghum
strains
Each dwcllcr bears a grip@ck fut with
Bonds, coupons, stocks and various othcr
gains;
Happy are these rs, at high tide, the fishes;
No tear doth drown The laughter in their
eyes;
For better luck they have no SORT Of wishes;
The cake IS thCirs-thcy learned to advcr.
tiSc.
n cold snup-Thc click Of Il steel trap.
The gate keeper at the railway crossing
should lie a man Of signal abilities.
The man is known by the company he
keeps away from.
A fire in the Brooklyn navy yard &c.
stroycd property worth 5000 Oo.
The rabbit is timil, but no cook can
make ii quail.
A rolling stone gathers 10 moss, but it
knocks out all opposition ut the foot of the
hill.
Table Boardcr- Waiter, there's a hair in
this stew. Waiter tchccrfullyl- Yes, sir,
its Il rabbit stew.
One good act done today is wo'th II
thousand in contemplation for some { mrc
time.
Inc EnSilsh language sounds funny TO a
Inv. ~, ~ Inv . h;o,n I9'' 0'"''
"
mnci i" n''a n;'cln?,S " "IIni ms naiuS
over Il ho'e! register IL Is high tl'lc TO Ill
49," NI" 49,:
, nlah VIC SIPchuS an HIS money on
i'luoi 10 usuu,y "oMH q. 'nc hccl' via
o'o'' anu oo''cS 80 'oScl'ci.
Noai IS so nlgH tna' II Is only me million
"i.c VIII Gun nlioio u hcaP coa's Oh hrc on
>
The rich, said a jew, eat vcnison be.
t ;sn =, , !" 'c''' ! '"'' mutton ocS"'Sc IL
90 '"0.p'
ohcrourhc u. Hopkins, who, some weeks
ago, sent "A bogus Internal machine TO Chief
;'n" nnH.C, p,e".cu Suti,9 ~ nc WISH
So '>' i" ""' "'cW H''V'
correspondent says tiial likW is
inc proper 'ihlhg 10 pant on a mlikmam S
So 49, "''"S' '"o"Sn' ""'ci'i"y
Nv "i'"s'
Its queer how some people make
money" remarked one travelling man TO an
other. YES; ! suppose you refer to the
co"hlerlcitcrs was the rcJolndcr,
Life says that rs between the dude and
his cane at this writing, the cane seems 10
have IL triilc the best of ii in the matter of
head.
~ wolf was caught in the streets Of
Chicago the other day. 1t was supposed
that lie had nwittingly struyc, from ;hc
Stock Exchange.
The man who has n lonr uistrr meyer
breads the winter; nay he rather welcomes
il, for he Is then enabled to conceal the
bags in the knees of his trousers.
4 camel will work scvcn or ciob, d,r We
without drinking, In This rrspcct Lc diiTrrs
from some men, who drink seven or eight
day without working.
Wlaljsi /, TO he man Won i, is good
deal I like - work :, X t T' ! H. rn q mon "s anI u ,h rs u i s1 ,hn
chief reason why men real mem ~ orn .o
very few, ~
Mice Admiration c,r,.
n'Ss An.iil'n.'"n-utHer"l' were You
cral-Oui,c n number I'M | forIInoto)v nc.
capped with being married but once.
Women ,ovr uuch marc ol~.n,oLHi,,
than men The girl with the ]tCcnicst.
tIi'lest ioSeoIa Ihonli can hoid from four
on ""S'"'aS'
mere arc tWo ways. 81 getting through
w: "oitu' 'he way IS 10 make Tie bcs'
Il ;Thnso vi" ,nLo ~ i LIZ" ,no WIS W
hard for poor pay.
nj. .,.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1888-01-11
Woman and Her Diseases

Is the title of a large illustrated treatise,
by DIR. II. V. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y, sent
to any address for ten cents In stamps. II
teaches successful self-treatment.