davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.

Land Office at Los Angeles, Cal July g.,
1883. Notice is hereby given that the follow
ing named settler has filed notice of his inten
port of his claim. and that said proof will be
made before the Register and the Receiver at
Los Angeles, Cal, on September II. 1883 viz:
John x. Thill, for the SW14 Sec. 9, TIP. N. 4.
nesses to prove his continuous residence upon
and cultivation of, said land viz: David Kid
son. William Menzfe. Peter Morris, Henry
Schnider, all Of Maynard, Los Angeles county,
Cal. H. w. PATTON, Register.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Land Office at Los Angeles, Cal

Land Office at Los Angeles Cal,
July 10, 1888. I
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has filed notice of his intention
to make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before the Register
and Receiver at Los Angeles, Cal, on August
16, 1888, viz:
william Davisson, Pre-. D. s. No 4,957, for
the NV. ID sec. 1S, Tp. N, R. 1S W., s. B. M.
his continuous residence upon, and cultivation
Of said land, viz: John R. Brock, ]. Edgar
Alden, John Walter, Joseph Brock, of German g
Station. H. w. PATTON, Register.
iv11 3Ot*
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
FOR PUBLICATION.

Land Office at Los Angeles. CAL, July 23,1s9S.
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has fled notice of his intention
to com mute and make final proof in support OF
his claim, and that said proof will be made be
fore the Register and Receiver at Los Angeles,
on September IS, 1888, viz.
George Kirsch, H. E. No. 2752, for the BE. "a
Sec. 18, Tp. 6 N, r. IL w.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon, and cultivation
of said land, viz: F. Meyer F. Mesenbring,
J. Strauss, Sr., J. d. Sp ok, all of Palmdale +.
O., Cal. H. W. PATTON, Register.
iy2A-20t*
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Land Office at Los Angeles, c

Land Office at Los Angeles, CAL,
July 10, 1888
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has filed notice of his intention
to make final proof in support OF his claim, and
that said proof will be made before the RI gistel
and Receiver at Los Angeles, Cal, on August
16, 1888. viz
]. Edgar Alden, Pre-. D. s No. 5,42O for the
SW. "a Sec 1S, TIP. N, r. 1S W., s. B. NJ.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon, and cultivation
of, said land, viz; william Dawson, John r
Brock, John Walter, Joseph Brock, of Germans
Station. H. w. PATTON, Register.
iy11 3Ot*
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
NOTICE-TIMBER CULTURE.
u.s. Land Office. Los Angeles, cal !,

q, .. IHHU OnICe LUS AuBeles,
June o. 1888. !
Complaint having been entered at this office
by Charles Whitted against Eben. s. Brown for
failure to comply with the law as to limb
Culture Entry No. 977, dated February 26,
1885, upon the sEA Sec. 2, Tp n, r. Is w.,
view to the cancellation OF said entry. Con-
testant alleging that said Eben. 8. Brown has
failed to plow, or cause to be plowed. five acres
acres second year; and, in fact. has wholly
failed to do anything upon said land to this
date. The said parties are hereby summoned
ust 1888, at 10 O'Clock A. M, to respond and
furnish testimony concernieg said alleged fail
ure. H. W. PATTON, Register.
iy17 3Ot*
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
CULTURE.

u s. Land Office, Los Angeles, CAL, February
2, 1888.
by Thomas Downing against Stephen 8 Black
for failure to comply with law as to Timber
Culture Entry, No. 595, dated December II,
B. M, in Los Angeles county, Cal, with .
view to the cancellation of said entry: contest.
ant alleging that said Stephen s. Black has not
said land and has not broken or cultivated 10
acres or any portion of said Ia ad, the said par
ties are hereby summoned to appear at thit
o'clock 4. NJ, to s respond md and furnish testimony
concerning said alleged failure.
J. D. BETHUNE, Register
je27 30t* /. II. POLK, Receiver.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Land Office at Los Angeles, Cal


July 10. 1888.
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has fled notice of his intention
to make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before the Register
and Receiver at Los Angeles CAL, on August
16, 1888, viz:
John r. Brock, Pre- D. 8. No. 4 958, for the
n. of Sc: n and 8. u of NE. ID Sec. 10, TIP.
N, r. 18 W., =. B. M.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon, and cultivation
of, said land, viz: william DAVIDSON, ]. Edgar
Alden, John Walter, Joseph Brock, of Gorman'i
Station. II. w. PATTON, Register.
jy11 30t+
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
Live Stock Market.

CHICAGO, July G.-Cattle-Receipts, 10000.
Slow and 1Oc lower. Beeves, Sc 0O@6. 25;
Steers, SO 7O@5.9O; stoekers and feeders, So. 10
@35O; cows, bulls and mixed Texas cattle,
$1.9O@3 80.
others sc. lower. Mixed, $5.95@6.4 heavy,
SO O5@6 so; light, Sc. .0O@6.45.
Sheep Receipts, 5000. Steady. Natives,
shorn, $3 OO@4.4O.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
@S@N@@S&he
NOTICE
U. s. Land Office, Los Angeles. Cal, |

U. s. Land Office, Los Angeles. Cal.,l
February 2, 1888
Complaint having been entered at this Office
by John R. Hollamby against Charles 7. Mitch
ell for abandoning his Homestead Entry No.
1852, dated February l, 1884, upon the NV a
Sec. Ia, Tp N, r. 13 W., S. B. NJ. in Los An
geles County, Cal, with view to the cancella-
ton of said entry; the said parties are hereby
summoned to appear at this Office on the Sd
day of August, 1888, at 10 o'clock A. NJ, to re-
spOnd and furnish testimony concerning said
alleged Abandonment.
(Signed) J. D. BETHUNE, Register.
(Signed) l. H. POLK, Receiver.
ie2o 3Ot
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
FOR PUBLICATION.

Land Office at Los Angeles, Cal, July %, 1888
Notice is hereby given that the. following
make final proof in support OF his claim and tina!
said proof will be made before Register and
Receiver at Los Angeles Cal, on August 23d
1888, viz, Robert H. MacDougsll, pre-
emption D. s., No 5.121, for the Sc. a Section
%, 8 N. OF Range; IA West.
He names the following witnesses to prove
of, said land, viz: Firnam Church, of Maynard
P. O., CAL; A. J. Hannah, of Maynard P. O..
CAL; r. R. Lander, of Maynard P. o., CAL; Johr
iy23 3Ot* II. W. PATTON, Register.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
5minal; 62c. per bushel.
California Fruit.

CHICAGO, July 26.-Five cars OF California
fruit were auctioned to-day, with an active
demand for all varieties The price remained
about stationary. The figures realized were as
follows: Early Crawford peaches, 6Oc g$1 40;
cling-stone. 81. 50@1. 80; Foster, S! .10 Susque-
hanna, $1.100l.5 SO; late Crawford 81 so;
purple Duane plums, 8Oc,; Quackenboss, 81 so;
Columbia, sOc.@$I. 10; Bradshaw, 81. As; Mag
mum Bonum. 81 %; yellow egg, ST.. 80; Bartlett
pears $2.7593.O5; German prunes, ,95c@$1 Is;
Gross, $1.55@1 90; Bulgarian, $1.05; Fontaine-
bleau apes, 81 70; nectarines, $1.l5.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
YACHT NELLIE.

The fne yacht Nellie, ID TONS of San Pedro,
cen be chartered for excursions and pleasure
parties to and from Catalina Island. Will be at
the wharf every Sunday morning.
For particulars, address H. A. CROCKER.
owner and master, San Pedro, Cal or WIN.
Commercial streets. Los Angeles. Cal jy19tf
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27

A, daily; B, Daily except Sunday: C, Tues
days, Thursdays and Saturdays; s, Sundays only.
Depot at foot of First street.
City Ticket Office, No. 239 North Main street.
D. McCOOL, Gen. Manager, San Bernardino-
Il. B. WILKINS, Gen. Pass. Agent, San Diego.
WILLIAMSON DUNN, Gen. Agt., Los Angeles
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
Dated Los Angeles, CAL, June A, 1s

STATE OF CALIFORNIA; ss
COUNTY of Los ANGELES, s''
h On this 9th day of June one thousand eight
undred and eighty eight, before me- Friend
f. Lacey, Notary Public in and for Los An
geles County, State of ca lifornia residing there
in, duly commissioned and sworn, personally
appeared Benno Jastrowitz, Leopold Harris and
sons described in and whose names are sub
scribed to the within instrument, and acknOwl-
edged to me that they executed the same.
In witness whereof, 1 have hereunto set nay
hand and affixed my official seal, the day and
year first above written.
(sEAL) FRIEND E. LACEY,
ie2S got Notary Public.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
SuperfluOuS Hair Removed f!

EROM THE FACE BY ELECTR0TYsIS "A
Il painless method and a permanent result.
Information freely given. Office, 237 8. Spring
st. Hours, 10 4. N. to i p M.
iy7 I'm. E. b. GRIswoLD, M, D.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
Santa Catalina Island !
Steamer will Leave San Pedro and
Return as Follows:

aConnects with 9:4O NJ train from Los An
geles.
bLeaves San Pedro A. NJ.
cConnects with A. M. special train, return
ing same day.
dConnects with P. NJ. train from San Pedro.
eConnects with z P. NJ. special train from San
Pedro.
.fArrives at San Pedro 7:0OPM
ED-Round trip ticket from Los Angeles, So rs.
On Sundays good for day only, So. CO.
For further particulars apply to
| G. A. SUMNER & CO, 54 N. Main street.
ma22-tf
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
LE(sAl.

WIDNEY-July 26th, on Euclid Hill, Los An
geles, Cal, to the wife of S. A. Widney, a
daughter.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
Grain Markets.

DOMESTIC.
SAN FRANCISCO, July 26. - Wheat - Dull.
Buyer 49, ST .524 per GENITAL.
Barley-Very dull. Buyer season, 81 .001s per
GENITAL; buyer 'SS, 931sc.
Corn-Small yellow $1 25@1 271a per GENITAL;
large yellow, ST 271 aG1 80; white, 81. 35@1 As.
CHICAGO, July 26.-1 P. M.--wheat-Steady
Cash, sO5sc. per bushel; August 1850; Septem-
Der, SOC.
Corn-Lower. Cash, 4514c, per pushel; Au-
gust, 45Isc.; September, Al 1-16c.
Oats-Easier Cash, 297sc. per pushel; August,
243zc. September, 24l4c.
Rye-Easy; 45c. per bushel:
Barley-Nominal 62c. per bushel
FOREIGN.
LIVERPOOL, July 6-Wheat-Firm. demand
fair, holders offer sparingly. California No: /,
6s. 11d.@7s. per GENITAL; red western spring
and winter, is Sd (G6s. 10d.
Confirm, demand fair. New mixed west
ern, As. I'd. per Genital.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
California Central Railway,

ssSANTA FE ROUTE.,s
On and after Tuesday, June 26, 1888. trains
will leave and arrive at First Street Station as
follows:
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
LEGAL.
TN THE SUPERIOR COURT

OF the County of Los Angeles, State OF Cali
fornia.
In the matter of Robert Eckert and Herman
Schoeneman, partners as Eckert & Seboeneman'
insolvent debtors.-OIder Adjudication OF ln-
solvency.
Robert Eckert and Herman Schoeneman
having filed in this Court their petition, sched-
ules and inventories in insolvency, from which
it appears that they are and have been residents
OF the County of Los Angeles, State OF CANTOR
nia, for more than six months next preceding
the filing of their petition, and that they nave
been partners in trade under the firm name OF
Eckert and Schoeneman, and as such partners
as well as individuals. they owe debts exceed
ing in amount the sum of $500, and that they
are as partners, as well as individuals, insolvent
debtors, as they are hereby declared to be in
solvent.
The Sheriff of the County of Los Angeles is
hereby directed to take possession of all the
Joint stock and property of the partnership, and
also ali the separate estate of each of said part
ners, excepting such parts thereof as may be
exempt by law, and ali deeds, vouchers, books
of account and papers, both of the partnership
aud of said partners individually, and to keep
the same safely until the appointment of an as
signee in this matter.
Ali persons are forbidden to pay any debts to
the said insolyent debtors, jointly or individu-
them, or to either OF them, or to any person,
firm, corporation, or association, for their use,
or that of either of them; and the said debtors,
transfer or deliver any property until the fur
ther order OF this Court, except as herein Or
dered.
1t is further ordered that all the creditors OF
the copartnership aforesaid be and appear be.
fore the Honorable W. P. Gardiner Judge of
the Superior Court of the County of Los An
geles, in open Court, at the courtroom of said
Court, Department No. 2, Jones Block, in the
City Of Los Angeles on the second lay of Aug
ust 1883, at 10 o'clock A. NJ. of / lat day, to
prove their debts and choose an sssi gnee of the
estates of said deb ors.
1t is further ordered that this or1er be pub
Ished in the Los Angeles Daily HERALD, a
newspaper of general circulation, published in
the County of Los Angeles, as often as the said
paper is published, before the said day set for
the meeting of creditors.
And it is further ordered that in the mean
time all proceedings against the said insolvents,
or against either of them. be stayed
w. p. GARDINER,
Judge of the Superior Court.
Dated Los Angeles, CAL, June 70, 1888.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27

The steamers Santa Rosa
and City of Puebla leave San Pedro for San
Francisco, and on their trips between San Pedro
and San Francisco call at Santa Barbara and
Port Hartford (San Luis Obispo) only. The
Eureka and Los Angeles call at all way ports.
Cars to connect with steamers leave 8. P. R. R.
depot, Los Angeles, as follows: With Queen OF
the Pacific, Santa Rosa and City of Puebla at
8 40 o'clock A. NJ. With Los Angeles and
Eureka going north at Sis o'clock P. M.
Z@-For passage or freight as above or for
tickets to and from
ALI Important Points fn Europe,
APPLY TO
II. MCCLELLAN, Agent.
Office: No 8. Commercial St. Los Angeles,
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
1ICE OF DISSOLUTION AND CERTIFI-

NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION AND CERTIF1-
IN cate of Copartnership.
Notice is hereby given to all whom it may
concern that the retail clothing firm eretofore
existing under the name of the Lon! IN Cloth =
ing Company, L. Harris q Co., proprietors, do
ing business in the City of Los Angeles, Callfo--
mia, composed of Leopold Harris and Benno
Jastrowitz, each having an equal interest there
in, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. The
said Benno Jastrowitz withdraws from said firm
and Herman w Frank succeeds to all his in
terest therein The said Benno Jastrowitz and
the said Leopold Harris continue as copartners
in the Wholesale clothing business hitherto and
now carried on under the name of L. Harris Il
Co., and the said wholesale and retail business
arate and distinct businesses and independent
the one from the other.
The said new firm of the London Clothing Co.
assumes all debts and pays sll Liabilities, and
will collect oil accounts, said old firm hereby
dissolved having assigned said accounts to said
new firm.
And the said Leopold Harris and Herman W.
10 hereby ce,sify that they constitute part
1e,ship tra aasa3ti1g retail clothing business at
the City of Los Angeles. County OF Los Angeles,
State of California. Its principal place OF busi-
ness is Los Angeles, California Its name is
Lon don Clothing Company, Harris & Frank.
proprietors, and the full names of all the part
ners are as follows to-wit: Leopold Harris,
reside in the City of Los Angeles, County of
Los Angeles, State of California.
(Signed) BENNO JASTROWITZ.
Los Angeles.
LEOPOLD HARRIS,
Los Angeles.
HERMAN W. FRANK,
Los Angeles.
re1
Los Angeles daily herald., 1888-07-27
BORN

For the finest ice cream in the city, call at
Spence's, 46 south Spring street.
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
CITATION.

In the County Court of the State OF Ore
gon for the County of Marion.
In the matter of the estate OF 5,i.,.i
JOHN HUGHES, Deceased i'"''0i'
To all heirs known and unknown of the
within 1alned decedent, greetings:
In the name of the state of Oregon, you
are hereby cited and required to appear in
the County Court of the State of Oregon,
for the county of Marion, at the court
room thereof, at Salon, in the County OF
Marion, on Honday, the 9TH day of Jan
uary, lSSg, at o'clock in the forenoon of
that day, then and there To show cause if
any there be, why the Administrator of
the estate OF John Hughes, deceased
should not sell the real property belonging
to said estate. said real property is
ming at stake 4I.74 chains
~ Is deg. .Ol min. W. from the 5. r.
corner of the Donation Land Claim of
John Baker and Nancy Il. Baker his wife,
No - and in the South boundary line OF
said claim: and running thence North 20
deg. 30 min East 5.l chains to- stake in
the center of the County road leading from
salem to Howell Prairie: thence y. So deg.
30 min. w. ,alOng the center If said road
1921 chains to a stake: thence 10 deg. 70
min, w, l.5l chains to q stake IN the south
boundary line Of the Donation Land
Claim aforesaid: thence :. 65 deg. .O4 min.
+. $40 chains along said South boundary
line to the place OF beginning, containing
3O3 acres of the land moro or less and situ-
ated i'm section - in Il. =. r.. 3 ". of the
Willamette Meridian N Marion County,
Oregon, and beng part Of the Donation
Land Claim aforesaid.
WlTNESs, The Hon. T. c. Shaw, Judge
of the County Court OF the state of Oregon
for the County uf Marion, with the Seal of
said Court attiNed, this Sth day OF hecen-
o',' A1lFFSr I9esi a. - FLBABCoCK. ,lerk.
By ID. &. SHERMAN. Deputy.
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
THAT ASTORIA RAILROAD.
Salem is Still Awaiting a Long Ex-
pected Proposition.

1t has been such very long time
since anything has been said about
the Astoria, South Coast d Salem
Railway that it would seem the otfi-
cials Of the road are sleeping. Sa-
lem's Board of Trade has done all
in her power to urge the formation
of the company. The cause of this
delay in formulating plans is due to
the negligence of Secretary Holden,
of the Astoria road.
The last communication Secretary
Manning of the Salem Board of
Trade received from the Astorians
regarding the projected line was
that they would at once arrange a
day for conference of the officials of
the road with the committee APP
pointed by Salem. AS yet no date
has been arranged for this impor-
tant meeting. At the request OF
Astoria we have rested upon our
arms for a sufficient length of time
yea, too long.
1t is not necessary to add that Sa-
lem is ready-willing and only too
anxiOus-tO do all in her power to
induce this line to build to our city
from Tillamook. To-day Secretary
Manning addressed another COM
munication to Secretary Holden, ap-
prising him of the fact that his inn
mediate reply would relieve an anx-
ious and expectant people who are
desirous of cooperating with her
neighbors in the upbuilding of this
noble land and the more complete
development Of her resources 10y the
construction of this railroad from
the valley on down to the sea.
Salem wants and must have a
direct outlet to the sea. This the
proposed line would give. We are
ready to go to work at once.
If no negotiation can be made
with the Astoria company direct,
and at once, the thing for us to do is
to proceed with the organization of
a company for the immediate con-
struction of line from Salem, via
Mehama, to Tillamook, thence to
connect with the Astoria & South
Coast line. The time is ripe for
something to be done. Let the OPP
portunity not pass unheedcd. Now
is the time to act, and with another
line of railway SaIem's future is
bright indeed. Let us work
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
OVER THE CAPITAL CITY.
Complete Recital Of The Daily DoingS Con-
piled From Vari9lS Sources,
Happenings Over the City and News
From the Country Roundabout.
They are Coming West.

Every day several families arrive
in Salem from Kansas, Nebraska,
Minnesota or some western state.
They come to stay and do wei in
making so wise choice.
The growth Of Nebraska in the
past four years is more than the en-
tire population of Oregon, and yet
we have better soil, better climate,
better markets, and II hundred fold
more varied industries than that
state. The surplus population Of
the east has swept across the Mis-
souri, and has about filed up the
most available portions Of the cOun-
try east of the rockies. It will now
sweep onward to us. With little
effort on our part II fair portion Of
the increasing tide Of immigration
can be induced to stop with US, but
if no effort Is used we must wait un-
til the tide is drifted by. The most
sensible way and the cheapest way
TO advertise is to wrap up your local
papers and send them to friends in
the east.
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
Nota Stranger Here.

The Cation who il connected with
the assault upon the editor of the
Spokane Falls Chronicle, WAS form
erly lawyer in this state and coun-
sci for Beale and Baker, who muir
dered old man Delaney Of Marion
county over twenty years ago, for
which crime they were hanged. 1t
was thought that they paid to this
N. II. Cation all the money they OBJ
tanned by the murder, and Cation
became unpopular and removed to
Idaho and Washington Territories,
where he has since resided. He is
well known to all Oregonians.
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
Gervais has a number of weddings
ou the tapis for the holidays.

Walla Wala Union A melancholy
wreck was 20 he seen abou, the city dur.
my the past two days, lie is tall and
broad shouljsyed, srilsled OF hair, wrink.
LED face, dressed scanIily, and in ehron.
10 state OF dunkness, At one time this
physical and moral wreck was a Major in
Ihe regular army, and was Inspector gen.
eIai OF one OF the departments, lie is q
graduate of West Point, served throughout
the rebellion with credit, heipg wounded
sixteen tunes, and was frequently hre, eted
ioT conspicuous callanly ou the nattle
bClh. After HE War he became a hopeless
Whsky heud aud was drally eashiered.
Tie now wand,,s about the county with.
out money, home or friends, sub,sung
npou Chauty, EN MAJOR a. neman is
ne unfortunate man alluded 20,
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
A Brothers Murdurer.

Joseph Hayes, who was killed in
San Francisco on Monday night by
Langford, as supposed, is the man
whomurdered Dick Baker, a brother
of the state printer, in Astoria, about
five pears ago. Baker interfered to
prevent Hayes beating man, and
Hayes plunged II knife into his abdo-
men. Dan Moran, now serving
fifteen years in the penitentiary for
the murder of sailor, gave Hayes
the knife.
Evening capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1888-1893, 1888-12-12
SALEM CITY DADS.
They Transact the Usual Routine Of
Business.

The city council met in regular
session last night, Mayor Murphy,
Councilmen Hirsch, Williams, Col
Inns, Mihto, LAHORE and Hutton,
Marshal Ross and Street Commits
sioner Thompson being present.
Much of the evenings business
was that of auditing accounts and
arranging minor details. Among
other bills warrants were ordered
drawn for the sum of $44 election
expenses in the several wards, SAT to
John Heidecker for concrete cross
ing on State street, Sl35 regular al
lowance of Tiger Engine Co. for
eight months past, and $l75 in pay
ment of the Tigers new hose cart.
Electric ghts We're ordered erect
ed at intersection Of High and Che
mekete streets and also near the pas
senger depot on Mill and Twelfth
streets.
A. +. Strang was unanimously
chosen to fiji the vacancy caused by
the removal of Councilman Monroe
from the third ward.
The matter of receiving bids for
work of covering the cords of the
bridge was deferred until the May
meeting.
J.J. Murphy was empowered to
act as counsel for the city in arrang-
ing the city laws for publication.