The Grenada gazette., 1888-02-25
FUNCTIONS OF BUDS.
Rsess which Every Horticulturist ShouI
study aud Know.

RAots which Every HOrticulturist Shou,A
Study and Know.
Buds arc the most important orcans,
Of trees. from practical point Of
view, because it is through them that
one Is enabled to direct and control
the trees form and productiveness. II
naturally follows, then. that all who.
desire to become successful in tree.
culture must make themselves familiar
with the forms and modes Of deyelop.
ment of buds. as well as the purposes
they are adapted to fulfill in the forma.
ton OF tho tree and its products
Botanists and vegetable Psychologists
have spent great deal Of research
and speculation rs to the Immediate
causes of bud formation. etc. without
arriving at entirely satisfactory con.
clusions. 1t has. however. been posi-.
bic to trace clearly tho objects these
buds are designed to fulfill in the de.
velopment of the tree their connection
with and dependency upon other parts,
and the circumstances under which
they can be made to accomplish
specific purposes. Mr. Barry. in his
Fruit Garden" has said much ON
these last-named subj ,cis that is Of
great assistance to amateurs, Follow.
ing are in brief some Of the statements
made by him:
Every bud contains the rudimenis
of and is capable. under favorable cir.
cumstances, of producing n new in.
dividual similar to that on which If
was borne. This fact is clearly demon.
strated in the propagation of trees by
budding, where single eye is re-.
moved from one shoot and placed in
the wood of another to which it unites
and forms q new individual similar to
its parent. So in the propagation by
eyes, as in the grape vino. where a.
single bud with small portion of
wood attached becomes perfect
plant.
Every perfect bud found OIL year.
ling tree Or shoot is capable of being
developed into a branch. Naturally
all do not develop, but it is known
that by the application OF art they can
readily be made to do SO. For in.
stance. the buds Of yearling tree,
if l. # to take their natural course,
will only in part produce branches
and these will generally be near
the extremilies where they are most
excitablc; but we can cause the lower
ones to develop branches by cutting
off those above them TO the extent that
the particular character of the species
or variety, or of the buds themselves
in respect to yigor and vitality, may
require.
All buds are either terminal. az
when on the points of shoots; axillary
when situated in an angle made by
the projection of u leaf from tho shoot
or branch, and accidental when origi.
mating without any regularity on the
older parts of trees and not in the axil
Of leaf Buds are often produced by
the breaking or cutting off of q branch
or by wound or incision made in the
bark. In the management of trained
trees special means are taken to pro-
ducc these buds on spaces of tho trunk
that it is desirable to fill up. One
sometimes sees instances of such buds
on the stumps of old trees.
The terminal and axillary buds
produced on young shoots seem TO have
a different origin from these acci.
dental buds. The former are con-
nected with the pith of the shoot. as
one may see by dissecting them. On
cutting into ayoung shoot below o
bud one finds a cylinder of pth enter.
ing into the bud from the pilh Of the
shoot, but one does rot find this con-.
nection existing in the case of acci.
deh.a or advcntitious buds.
Practically considered. buds ale-
classified into lateral-those on the
sides or circumference of the shoots
being the axillary buds of the botan.
ist; terminal; superior those on the
upper side Of the horizontal branches;
stipular-the small barely visible
buds formed at the base of ordinary
buds. and dormant or latent bulls.
Buds nre again classified rs leaf
buds and fruit buds, tho nature and
functions of which will be soon con.
,idered on this pagc.-M y World