davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
PICTURE OF JAMES W. RILEY.
The Indiana Poet Talks About His Art
and His Method of Work.

James Whitcomb Riley, the western poet
and humorist, took the intellectual audience
by storm the other afternoon at Chickering
hall when he recited his quaint lines entitled,
"When the Frost Is on the Punkin.n Even
James Russell Lowell could not repreSs a
smile, and Bunner, Eggleston, Cable and
Richard Henry Stoddard laughed aloud.
Those who have read Mr.. Riley's poetry
would almost instantly recognize the poet, il
il were possible for ideas to picture III the
minds eye their creator. Riley is quaint and
almost homely, until he speaks Then the veil
is lifted and mrth and humor illulnine his
features. He has Il large, strong, smooth
shaven, mobile face. 1t is Il humorous face
that retreats fore and aft: in other words, it
curves from forehead TO chin. His large Ro-
man nose plays strong part in the ensemble
of features Large blue eyes, rather sunkel,
give beaming expression to thin, radiating
wrinkles When he smiles these lines fairly
glow. His hair is so thin and close cropped
that it is not easy to distinguish its collr. 1t
looks a pale sandy. He is snugly built, Of
medium height and has great suppleneSs in
the shoulders
Mr.. Riley is a ready composer Maj Pond
asked him for an autogla ph, when he sat
down and Immediately wrote these lines:
1t hain't no use to grumble and complain,
It's jes' as cheap and easy to rejoice;
When God sorts out the weather and sends rain,
wy, rains my choice.
After he signed his name, large, bold
handwriting, some other person desired his
autograph, and this is the verse he immedi-
ately wrote:
We say and we say and we say,
We promise, engage and declare
TIL year II ION tomorrow is yesterday,
And yesterday is - where:
A reporter asked him how he worked and
how he went about selecting something suit
able for his particular style. He replied: Il
have no trouble whatever to find something
TO write about. l cannot throw a stone but
that hit subject. They are everywhere
about, wherever | 60, and take them as |
find them. | have no special system to work
by. | always write as l feel, and that per-
haps is the only system | have. 1t is useless
TO force anything; it must come forth with
natural feelings and then it will strike the
right chord. A writer cannot tell every
time how he selects theme TO write about,
at least | cannot. Nature is spread out be-
fore us, and somehow stumble over things
that awaken within me the instinct and feel
ing to write. That is finding a subject"
I'm writing your dialectic poetry do You
put it in good English and then translate it,
so to speakF'
mo, | do not. | imagine that the old
farmer is talking, and for the time am the
old farmer, writing down the thoughts that
come to me in a homely, easy way. The
spelling and all, as the old farmer would do
it, so do |, and | find it satisfactory as to re-
suits. New York Mail and Express.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

ed,n and we can easily believe it.
In 1888 he became the professional
puglist of the Boston Crib club, and
as such "did a deal of pretty fight
ing" The public took some inter
est in his fight with George Godfrey,
the colored pugilst, whom he knocked
out in the third round, After fighting
with Jim Goode, Charley Mitchell,
Mike Cleary and Jack Burke, he
had the noted contest at Bangor, Me-,
with Jerry Murphy, 1.-The giant" whom
he defeated and almost killed. He won
several other fights, and then Richard X.
Fox backed him against John l.. Sulli-
van; but the latter had broken his arm in
his western tour and declined Then Fox
presented Kilrain the worlds champion
belt and matched him for $4,000 against
Jem Smith. His height is feet 10 IL
inches; weight, 210; chest measurement,
Al inches; biceps, 16 inches; waist, IA;
thigh, %; calf of leg, 16; No 0 glove and
shoe, and II inch collar, There is nothing
"dyspeptical' about him.
Jem Smith, the British champion, has
won so many contests that the mere record
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

ant news OF the week. And Il was the
most important event of the prize ring
since the great battle between lleenan and
Sayers.
Jake Kilrain, who fought Jem Smith,
won his notoriety slowly, His real name,
by the way, is John Joseph Killion, and
as such he was a noted oarsman few
wears ago He was born in Greenport,
Columbia county, n. Y, Feb. 8, 1859,
and when n mere boy became noted as
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

and was a member of the Republican
state committee for fifteen years, In 1882
he was elected to the state senate. He is
affable in manner, fluent speaker, and
highly esteemed throughout the state.
Mr.. Marble is strong friend of the
venerable Hannibal Hamlin, vice presi-
dent during Mr. Lincoln's first term.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

Mr.. Sebastian ;.
Marble governor
of the state till
j an IL airy, 1889,
Mr.. Marble was
born in DiXheld,
Me. He received
n school education
and studied law,
practicing in Wal
doboro, Me. He
is now 20 years of
age. He has held
various offices I'M
der the state and
the United States,
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
Freedom Grange, p. of II. have passed

Freedom Grange, L. of ii. have passed
the following:
WHEREAS, Our Heavenly Father has in
his infinite wisdom seen fit to take from
our midst our worthy and highly esteemed
brothern John Smelling,
ReSOlU6d, That we as members of this
Grange tender to his bereaved family our
heart felt sympathy in this their great
bereavement also remembering that our
loss in his gain.
Resolved, That we drape our charts in
mourning for the coming In memory of
our beloved friends and brother
ReSoloed, That copy of these resolu-
tons be given to sister Smelling also a copy
TO each Of the Ottawa papers and State
Grange Nc,cS and copy placed upon the
records of our Grange.
CHARLOTTE ROWLING
LYDE CHAPMAN
WIN Pool
Committee.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
An Old War Horse

Probably the only survivor of the horses
that took part in the rebellion is old Club,
the horse ridden by Col. Galligan, of Illinois,
during the war and still in the possession OF
Mrs Galligan at Geneseo, Ills. Club is 80
years old and in daily use as a carriage
horse.-New York Evening World
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
Bucklins' Arnica Salve.

The best salve in the world for cuts, bruises
sores, ulcers, salt rheum, fever sores, letter
chappcd hands, chilblains, corns, and all skin
eruptons, and positively cures piles, or no pay
required. 1t is guaranteed to give perfect sat
isfaction. or money refunded. Price 20 cents
peyppox For sale bv d. Lorriaux.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
So Much n Foot.

A Fremonter recovered s., 600 damages for
losing his feet by freezing when he was
drunk. A man in Fremont is worth just
about the same as business property in Lin
coln-sl 900 a foot-Lincoln (Neb.l DEM
ocrat
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

making shoes he
was also engaged
in reading and
study, lie attend
ed school during
the day working
IN ornings and
evenings ut his
trade. In 1893 he
combined his saw
ings with those of
his father, and
the two bought n
small farm in
Methuen, where
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
NAMES GOvERNORSHlP.
Decease of Hon. Joseph II. Bodweli-S.
=. Marble His Successor.

The death Of Joseph H, Bodweli, gov
ernor of Maine, occurred recently at Hal
lowell. Governor Bodwell was born in
Methuen, Mass, siXty-nine years ago,
He was forced to earn his own living Mt s
years of age, When young man he was
common farm laborer, but at % he
learned the shoemaker's trade, and while
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
Stockholders MEETING,

Public notice is hereby given that there viii be \
meeting OF the Stockholders of THE First National
Bank Of ottawa Ills at their banking house In Otta
wa on the second Tuesday In The month OF January
next between the hours of two o'clock " and three
O'Clock r. " Of said day for the purpose Of electing
}. T. NASH Cashier.
December & 1897. declO5w
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07


between the car
and Bismarck, but
to several thou
sand American
sports and sym
pathizcrs, and to
many a country
lad W h o h n 5
learned with in
finite patienc G
how to put up
his dukes" it is
the most import
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

n fighter by de-
Tending himself
against the men
in a rolling mill
where he worked,
as they made him
a butt for all their
practical jokes.
He whipped four
of their best men,
selected to fight
him, after which,
as he naively says,
LH - "a
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

would fill u col
umn. His height
is 5 feet 8 IA
inches; fighting
weight, 1872; chest,
40 "a in; waist,
3G Is; hips, 10 IA;
thigh, "a 1-2; calf,
16 "a, and biceps,
- IA. When out
oftraining he runs
up rapidly to PIP
pounds. He has
been a noted
fighter only five
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

EINAI, SETTLEM ENT.-EsTATE OF
Il MOsRs s. COCHRAN, DECEAsED.-NOtce Is hereby
given 10 all persons Interested In said estate tina the
undersigned, Administrator of the Estate OF SAID
Moses s. Cochran deceased will appear before the Pro
bate Court Of the county Of La Sale aud state OF
illinois. at the County Court House. In ottawa, IN said
county, On Wednesday. the 18th day VI January AD 1874
for the purpose OF rendering an account Of his pro
ceedngs In the administration Of said estate for the nna
settlement
dated at Ottawa this 18th day of December, 1Ss1
HENRY MOFFITT.
ATTEST: HENRY HHLsIG, Administrator.
Clerk Probate Court Ia Sale Co.. Ill. deeSl-Sv
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

Trust no secrets to friend which, II
reported, would make an enemy.-Good
Housekeeping
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
klLRAIN AND SMITH.
The Long Looked for Fight Has Come
90 and Neither Is u Winner
Kilrain and Smith have fought.

hlIIHIIl UIIII pIIIItTf I1U' HO"of'0'
The mill" lasted through l06 holly
contested rounds and was decided draw
by the referee.
Not very important international news
this, say those whose minds are on the
French situation and the complications
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

mr.. NJ. w. wE;IS, CDeutcher DoctOr,) late
~ Physician and Surgeon 10 the 81. Louis Female
Hospital ONCE over Sticies Clothing Store corner OF
Main and Ia Sale streets Residence on south bluff
nj Mrs Eenza APPS
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

nR. q. MILLER, the well known Oculs
~ and Aurlst. ottawa, III. ONCE, over Lynchs dry
goods store, Main street
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

Georgia critique on a homely bride
"Her face would wean calf"
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

IL Y. GRIdCisS, Druggist, bookseller and sta
Ia. ton er, Ottawa Ill SECOND store In Natiagerf
Block south side OF Court House Square.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
Heg8l.

ESTRAY NOrICE.-TAken up by Thomas
Ia Delsny, at his residence In the Town Of Dimmck,
In the county Of La Sale and state OF Illinois, on the
seventh day Of November, d. 1884, one estray horse
described as follows, TO wit.
DARK brown, hind feet white star in forehead, abou,
ten (lO) years old ..
dec2L3w' County Clerk.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

AZ * EJsSSI, German Druggist and hpothe
wi. cary (whoesale and retail, Main street, 0tts
wa H. Importer of Drugh, Chemicals, French Cogni'
&C Brandles, vines &c
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

~ MoDOUdAIIJ,A Attorney ut Law, Ottawa
~. Ill Office in 9edney's Block dec2E
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

u b. LINCOLN, Attorney NJ Law. Otnoe
ID. over No 10 La Sale street. west side ot tht
Co lrt House, Ottawa, III. julyy76
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
III M. BASCOM, M. d.,

nR. j. -. RYBURN, Ottawa, H. Oiice In
~ Opera House Block. In office day and night.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

nR. VIM. :, II PPARD, Member OF the
~ Royal College o! oternary Surgeons, Ensland'
Fellow OF the London |eterinary Medical Association;
also Veterinary Edi or DuntOns SPIRIT 81 hbe Iur;
can be copsulted at his oince On Lafayette 81. suzs
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

nR. CHA ISIrY SA ~ DEItsi, successor
- to DR. Acinda Auten. Otllce Opera House Block,
Ottawa H. Telephone, No RI' scpl8
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
p nv o OF A N . /.
II. OLMS'rED,

nR. VIM. NJ. IL a ~ Ma, office l!l Main
Residence 96 Paul street. the residence of Harry Ia
HOssaCk Ottawa, ILL., nOyl96mos'
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

" dRIGGss, Attorney and Counselor ~ Law
~. ONCE In LynCh's block, Main street. Ottawa ILL.,
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

I w. BREW EIt, Attorney and Counselor a,
IL. Law, and Notary Public. Rooms s, y Il IN, Opera
Uouse Block Ottawa, III.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

~ g. TRE;NA AIRY, Attorney AT Law. once
i. with L. w. Brewer, Rooms ), 81 10, Opera House
Block, Ottawa, H. tunS
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

(NEOR1E n. ELDRED3E Attorneys
" Law Office In Postoiiice Block Ottawa. Ill april
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

To make a long story short-Send it to the
editor of newspaper.-Burlington (Vt)
Free Press.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

HENRY MAYO JOHN II. wIDMBR.
MAYO x wIDMER, Attorneys at Law
III Once In NattiRgers Block, corner OF Ia Sale
and Main streets front room IN stairs. Ottawa, Ill
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

ONCE Hours, 2toi once and Residence,
Always In Office during Office hours 7, o. BLOCK
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

nj N. ARNSTRONC}, Attorn ~ and Coua
WI. seor at Law, Ottawa H. Notary Public. Once
In Gedney's Block, Ottawa. lunb,W
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

HIRAM T. GILBERT, JANIS Il. kCKRLs.
EILBEIir ~. ECISE ELS, Attorneys anC
VI Counseors ut Law, Futterer Metgers Block
east Of Court House. sep2s,S9
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

u'HOS. G. EULLERTON, Attorney Al
/ LAW, Ottawa, Illinois. OilCe in Bushnells block,
west OF Court House Janl-t
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

I or ENZO Lt.LAN -. Attorney and Coun'
- selor AT Law. Onice In POsOiice Block. Ottawa,
Illinois mar5SI
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

E &. SWIFT, Attorney AZ Law, Armory Block
IL. Special attention given 10 probate matters.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

j. W. DUNCAN. A. y. o CONOR.
nUNCAN * O'CONOR, Attorneys al
~ Law. Otlce In Futterer n MCt1ger's block, east
of court house, Ottawa, Illinois. JulySR
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

~ w. w. BIIA * n, Attorney and Counselor
VI. at Law. Room l6, Opera House Block Ottawa,
Ill. All legal business promptly attended to- janSl
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07
professional GarDa.
Alto r N e Y q.

DUNCAN Nc pOUGALL &. u. CHAPMAN.
NIcDOUCi ALL ~ CHAPMAN. Attor.
wi neys at Law, Gedney's Block. ottawa, H. aprO
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1888-01-07

the most import
, 1888-08-08


1t is said that worms are often more
destructive to forests than fires or whirl-
winds. The insects lay their eggs under
the bark and they hatch in the darkness,
which is a necessary element for their
development. When they hatch into
the grub form they bore their way into
the sap wood and then make a circle
around the tree once, twice, and perhaps
three times, before it is time for them
to turn into perfect winged insects. This
stops the flow Of the sap and the growth
Of the tree, and eventually the tree dies.
Large tracks of dense forest in Maine
have been destroyed in this way, and
sometimes tracts in the A~dirondacks.
1t is claimed to be better for the forest
to let in the woodman and allow him to
thin out the trees and thus give light and
air to the earth and forest growth. These
insects will not develop where there il
plenty of air and light, and it would be
well for those who own a tract of wood
land to bear this in mind and thin it
sufficiently to prevent a dense, dark
growth. 1t is told of u Maine man that
he held a piece of forest for thirty years
and would never allow any wood to be
cut on it. When he came to examine
it he found that a large part Of it had
been ruined by the girdle worm
Chicago Times.
, 1888-08-08
Work of an artistic costumer."

LAS have no sign out, my business
has never had any name. 1 suppose
you might call it artistic costuming. ,
What | really do is to dress children,
from babies up to the time they need
draperies-when they go to the regular
dressmaker. L never look at a fashion
plate. 1 study old pictures and nature
everything that will help me to grace in
designing and harmony of color. The
unconventional is what 1 seek.
"My business was an outgrowth of a
department of the Decorative Art society.
Some one who did fine sewing for the
society having failed to fill a contract for
an infants outfit, the question was
raised: Who can we find to take this
work-in all stages Of accomplishment
finish itf' A friend, who had more faith
in me than l in myself, ~overhearing the
discussion, vouched for my capability,
and, knowing that 1 wanted work,
brought me the bundle and said: Now,
just finish this, will you2 You 4 do it
il you try At that time 1 had not had
q great deal to do with children, and had
never known how much they were
dressed. So you see the work brought
to me was the last L naturally would have
chosen. But there it was, and L did it,
and have kept ON doing it ever since.
The ladies who trusted to my experience
have continued to trust me. L have the
three original customers with whom l
began, and have carried their children
through all the succeeding stages of long
clothes, short dresses, guimpes and
smocks. buffalo Courier.
, 1888-08-08

stocks ana UattIe Markets.

New YORK, Aug. THE stock mar
ket to-day renewed its advance and almost
everything on the list is materially higher
this evening. There was some hesitation
in the forenoon, but later in the day the
bullish feeling became more pronounced
and the upward movement net with no
setback after that time.
Governments duh and steady. Money
l@l4 per cent. Mining shares brisk.
Congratulated quiet. Lake, $l6.8
The petroleum market opened strong
at SGT, above last nights close, but
after a slight advance in the first hour
sales became weak and declined to S53.
Buying by %refiners then caused a sharp
advance, on which the market closed
strong at SSf.
Following are closing prices Of stocks:
Pacific SIS, l20; American Express,
lO8: Canada Pacific. SIT; Canada
Southern, 546; Central Pacific, 353; Bur
~lington, ll5!; Delaware, Lackawanna.
1864; Denver & Rio Grande, 1871; Erie,
rs; Lake Shore, 81; Louisville &
Nashville. 6ls; Michigan Central, 87b;
Missouri Pacific, 500; Kansas & Texas,
l45; New York Central, 1918; Northern
Pacific, 2G4; preferred, 562; Northwest
ern, III; Oregon Improvement, est;
Navigation, 933; Transcontinental, &c;
Pacific Mail. 38i; Reading, 655; Rock
Island, 1854; Milwaukee x st. Paul.
73i; Texas Pacific, 25i; Union Pacific,
Coz; United States Express IS; Fargo,
1886; Western Union. 500.
CHICAGO, Aug. 7.-Cattle-Receipts
5000; market strong; steers, 50. goa
6.l0; stockers and feeders, 81.
Texas cattle, 50 O0@ $50: Western
rangers, "a. 0094. 65.
Sheep-Receipts, 1000: market strong;
natives, 81. 1904 90; Western, shorn,
So. S094. IS; Texans. shorn, 50. GOA q. 80.
Wheat-Market lower. Cash s3i Sept
hember S3b. October 843.
Corn-Market a shade easier. Cash 46l
September Asa, October 45.
, 1888-08-08
The Burial Place Chosen.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 7.-Gen. Melee
ley, Gen. j. H. Rucker (retired) and Maj.
Lydecker of the army visited Arlington
cemetery to-day to select a site for the
grave of Gen. Sheridan. The site chosen
is on an open plateau on the hill upon
which stands the old manor house and tc
the right of it.
The secretary of war this afternoon
issued a general order to the army recit
ing the facts OF the military career o.
Sheridan and ordering flags on all military
stations to be placed at half mast. Sew,
enteen minute guns will be fired on thu
day following the receipt Of this order ant
the usual badges of mourning will be dis
played for eighty days.
, 1888-08-08
TWENTY r YEAR.
Notes From Laramie.

Special Correspondence of The Leader.
Fort LARAMIE, Aug. 3.-Co. G Of
Mckinney arrived a few days ago.
Twenty five recruits from David's
Island, New York, arrived yesterday.
Among them are a few doctors and one
lawyer.
Deputy Sheriff Douglass is at the post.
Referring to statement in THE LEADER
with reference to no rain falling at this
post, | would like to submit the data
thereto which has been furnished by the
observer of the signal service, who keeps
a careful record of precipitation as well as
other atmospheric changes. Total pre-
cipitation during May, 4.2l inches. June
was very dry, only one-tenth of an inch,
but three inches of rain fell in July, and
two inches have fallen up to date this
month.
By the way, one of the severest thun-
der, hail, rain and windstorms ever
known in tie history of Fort
Laramie visited this place Aug. l..
Hail stones over an inch in diameter bonn
barded this post for twenty minutes,
breaking about 200 window panes and
even splitting and knocking the shingles
off houses and destroying gardens, cutting
foliage off trees. Lightning struck a
tree near the officers quarters, stunning
Col. Merriam. The rain fell IN torrents
and the wind blew a gale, obscuring OBJ,
iects only thirty yards distant. True,
two heavy rains have fallen east and north
of this place which did not reach here,
but more ram has fallen here during the
past four months than during the preced-
ing four years. Nevertheless the country
Immediately surrounding Fort Laramie
looks like a desert and will look hat way
forever, regardless of the amount of rain.