davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
How a IithoC.raph Is Made.

After the photographer has carefully
studied the original drawing before him
and laid out his plan he makes q careful
tracing Of 1t on transparent gelatine, on
which he indicates every line or shade or
graduation, and this tracing is carefully
transferred to previously prepared stone
and serves as "key" to tho entire work
and for all the color stones.
The work on stone Is drawn with q
greasy black chemically prepared crayon,
which, by the way, has to be sharpened
backward, or from the point up, as its
very brittle nature will not allow of its
being sharpened In the ordinary way.
The greasy crayon penetrates the stone,
which is then subjected TO a solution Of
gum arabic and nitric acid, after which it
Is carefully washed off with water. The
black drawing, however still shows, but
is now easily washed from the face of the
stone with turpentine. leaving the sur
face, to all appearances, as clean as when
the stone first came into the artists hands.
IL Is then dampened with water. The
printer passes his roller, charged with
color, over the surface. and this adheres
only where the stone Is dry or in other
words. where the grease of the crayon is,
and this color is transferred from the
stone 10 the paper.
The same process Is employed for the
application of each successive color, por-
tions of the picture being drawn onssev-
eral different stones to obtain what may
be called the composite tints, while others
are only drawn on q single stone, when
the color in the picture is to be one of
those directly employed. - New York
Mail and Express,
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25

The men are called at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and, after hasty breakfast of
bacon and coffee, some are detailed by the
foreman to ride out and drive all the cattle
they can find within certain radius into
camp, while the others keep them In a
herd, when they are driven in. As soon
as they are all in, the representatives of
each outfit" In turn, ride through them
and cut out every animal with their brand
upon 1t and herd them apart. Occasion
ally COW breaks away from the herd and
rider starts after her at full speed, and
after an exciting chase drives her back
again.
When the cutting out is completed
each "outAt" begins to brand its calves.
A rider ropes calf by the hind leg,
throws 1t and drags 1t toward the fire;
one man then holds IL by the hind legs,
while another sits on It's shoulder and II
is branded on its side and has its ear
notched. This is an exciting scene as the
calves arc bleating, the men shouting.
roping and wrestling with them and the
fires are blazing. Sometimes when they
rope vigorous young steer they have
great difficulty In holding him and it re-
quires five or six men to do SO. The night
Is divided into watches Of two hours
length and the men take turns in keeping
the cattle In herd. II Is the most ex-
citing part Of the cattle business, but IL
is very hard life, as o man is in the
saddle all day and only gets few hours
sleep.-W. Lynn Wilson in Detroit Free
Press.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
Gold and Silver Product.

A valuable report from the director Of
the mint states that the total product of
gold and silver in the United States during
1887 exceeded SS8, 500, 600. OF this total
the gold was $33, 900 California is
the largest producer OF the yellow metal,
the yield Of her mines exceeding $4,000
900. The director estimates that last
year the net gain TO the country Of bul.
lion and coin by imports was SEA, 500, 600,
and that We nsed in the Industrial arts
about ga 500. 900 worth Of gold and So.
OO0, 600 worth of silver. The product of
these precious metals in the United States
appears TO be more than one.third that Of
the whole world. In 1886 the world FRO.
duced about S99, 900, 900 Of gold and Si20,.
10000 of silver. II, however, OF our
production of these metals is lnyRe for
our population, our consumption Of them
is proporsonately large and seemingly ex-
travagant. The worlds annual consump.
tion Of gold and silver. as nearly as can
be determined, Is respectively sac, ,00O,.
600 and &92,000.000. The population Of
the United States cannot now he more
than per cent. that of the world, but
We use in the industrial arts not far from
30 per cent. Of all the gold and 22 per
cent. Of ell the silver similarly consumed
by all the world,-New York Herald. 81
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
Opium smoking I'm New York.

Tho opium fends" (men incorrigibly
addicted to the habit) generally become
victims by abandoning themselves to the
drug because of BUSINESS reverses, as
whisky is used by the Christians to drown
their troubles. But 1t is much moro diff
cult and rare to get into the opium habit
than the whisky habit" because much
longer time and much more Nancy must
be spent upon opium to fasten the craving
for II. Most Of the New York Cinnamon
have been smoking opium for the past ten
or fifteen years, but uso it only for an
occasional mild sedative.
On tho other hand, there are several
who have only been smoking for the past
year or two who have already acquired the
habit. 1t all depends upon the amount
snd frequency of the use. Nothing less
than half dozen pipes every day for the
epece Of year would give most men tho
habit. Ono hundred pipes smoked in
single day would make him frightfully
sick, and probably would cure him Of any
desire for 1t again. A regular opium
fiend" needs to consume every day about
$3 worth Of the poppy juice TO keep him
self straight, but twice that amount
would not hurt him. II he cannot get
the opium TO smoke he is physical wreck
and suffers untold miseries. Wong Chin
Foo in The Cosmopolitan.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25

The buildings of the Piedmont Chautau.
qua are OF the Moorish style of archi.
lecture. They consist Of q college. hotel
and tabernacle, the latter accommodating
5000 people.
The buildings are cool and airy, the
tabernacle particularly being open on oil
sides and very comfortable, even in the
hottest weather. The quaint architecture
makes striking effect ut night under the
bright lights of score of electric candles,
heightened by thousands Of Japanese Ian.
terms in the park inclosed by the buildings;
and the soft music by the band, the quaint.
ness Of tho buildings and the fragrance Of
flowers attracts thousands from the cities
Of north Georgia and Alabama.
The attractions at Piedmont Chautau-
qua are similar TO oil other Chautnuqua
societies. Tenting is a popular and cheap
mode of living there. The educational
departments are In charge OF the most
competent professors. the lectures are
standard and thus far include such well
known takers as Bill Arp, Sam Jones,
Lieut.. Schwatka, Frank Beard, Fred A.
Ober, Rev. r. De Witt Talmage and
others. Tho other attractions are boat.
ing, bathing, band concerts. fireworks
and the usual variety of amusements Of
a well conducted summer resort.
The Piedmont Chautauqua Is at present
attracting considerable attention because
OF semi. political issues, which camc more
by accident than design, but subjected
the managers to great deal OF criticism.
As Speaker Carlisle was invited to talk on
economies, 1t was suggested that Maj.
Mckinley, Of Ohio, be Invited 10 reply;
but as this would certainly run into
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
some racts About Confectionery.

"The confectioners' art has reached it's
highest state of development" remarked
a eonfectioner To the writer the other day,
"and the kind of candies most in demand
AT the present are gum drops, loZenges of
various havors, and the delicious and ever
popular marshmallow drops. The latter
are made chiefly of gum arabic, fine sugar
aud other ingredients, which are boiled
un large quantitlesl in mammoth copper
kettles. made 10 evolve on pivot by the
employment of steam power. These rap.
idly turning kettles are used for mixing
the compounds. In the case of the marsh.
mallows, they are allowed TO cool after
coming from tho mixing kettle, after
which tho mixture Is poured into molds
previously prepared for its reception by
busting with powdered starch. Gum
drops are composed principally Of pure
glucose and sugar, mixed and boiled with
other materials in the usual manner.
"Lozenges," further explained tho pro.
prietor, are first made in paste, which
is rolled out in fiat sheet and cut by a
stamping machine TO tho desired shape
aud size. The most steadily popular con.
fection is the caramel. They are made
chiefly OF the inevitable boiled sugar and
glucose, made Into syrup and favored
with the essences of lemon, orange.
vanilla, etc. This syrup is allowed 10
eool and harden, aud is then cut into little
cubes, which are deftly enveloped in small
squares Of perfumed paratIine paper ty
expert young girls.
The uses of the pulling hook and the
process of pulling or kneading certain
kinds Of candy Is too well known to need
any description. The familiar stick
candy is made by first being pulled. What
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
DisciplIne Among Circus Employees.


Life on the road is far from easy for q
circus company; unlike theatrical COM
bination, 1t rarely stops for more than a
single day in one place. Early in the
morning the destination is reached and the
trainmen and tentmen begin to unload the
wagons and haul out the tableau cars.
Then the tent is pitched and the perform
ers assemble In tho dressing tents and
prepare for the parade. In this all take
part, and 1t is looked upon by the princi-
pals as the prime nuisance of the day. The
parade over the dressing rooms are once
more occupied and soon all are ready for
the afternoons performance.
Discipline behind tho scenes is strict
indeed. A system of fines keeps vagrant
spirits In check, and though TO an out
slider all Is hustle and confusion, every-
thing moves with the regularity Of clock
work. Each turn, as an appearance in
the ring Is called. has to be made to the
second, for should the performer be even
trife beyond tine he or she would dis.
arrange the whole schedule of the pro-
gramme. But little skylarking is induiged
in, for all are intent on business. The
show over the people betake themselves
either to their lodgings or TO the camp"
tent, snatch hearty meal and rest
while before the evening show begins, at
the close of which rush is made for the
train. and the hunks in the sleeping cars
arranged so as to occupy much less room
than those In a Pullman car Ohere are
sometimes three or fonr tiers) are soon
occupied, and before the train is under
way the tired performers are asleep. The
tent and train men are the last TO turn
In, for they have been engaged in strik.
ing the canvas and getting the animal
cages and tableaux cars safely ON board.
They work with incredible quickness,
however, and soon all is ship shape and
the train Is rushing onward with the
slumbering crew TO tho next stopping
place, where all begins over "gain.-
Horace Townsend in New York News.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
THE BALTIMORE.

Her armament will consist of four
eightinch breech loading rifles, six one
inch breech loading rifles, six six FOUNDER
rapid fire guns, six Hotchkiss revolving
cannon and four Gatling repeater guns.
She Is also provided with torpedo launch.
ing tubes or guns.
The Baltimore was contracted TO be
finished on JS1e 81, 1888, with penalty
Of S95 per day. provided she was not
finished on the appointed day. for each
Whitney, however, extended the time be.
cause tho government steel inspectors
retarded the work by rejecting large
percentage Of the steel to be used. She
must be finished by Oct. 2S or the penalty
will begin.
Tho Baltimore viii be fitted for flag
ship. The admiral's cabins will DO
placed at the after end of the berth deck.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
THE uMBRrA.

The commanders of tho steamers denied
that there was to be any racing--that
they always do their best. The Um.
bria had been tried, and her speed Is
well known, but the capabilities Of the
City Of New York were still mystery
when the voyage was begun. Her trip
across the ocean when she brought over
Mr.. Blaine was trial trip, and steamers
on such occasions arc never urged. She
has apparatus for securing forced draft.
which renders her less liable TO being re-
tarded by the weather than her Cunard
rival
Every improvement in ocean steamers
has been received with marked interest
from the days when the first of the kind
came over in fourteen days dnstead Of
the usual thirty days required by sailing
vessels) TO the present, when the time
from Queenstown TO Sandy Hook has
been reduced to trife over six days.
-.
The earliest trips of steamers across
the Atlantic were made by the Great
Western. the Royal William and the
Sirius. The first passages were made in
1888. Tho Great Western crossed from
Bristol to New York in fifteen days. The
Sirius followed her, steaming from Cork
10 New York in seventeen days. Steamers
had long been used on shorter voyages.
but 1t was doubted If sufficient coal could
be stored in vessel to enable her TO
cross the Atlantic. This was the problem
to be settled by the Great Western and
the Sirius. Nearly twenty years before O
vessel called the Savannah had crossed
from New York to Liverpool. but she re-.
lied chiefly on her sails, her steam. power
being auxiliary.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
Gcay for tho Editor,

Most editors dislike pencil copy. 1t Is
hard 10 read and bothers desk editor and
compositors alike. News paper - paper
like that on which newspapers are printed
should never be used for anything but
newspaper copy. II ii is used. the sheets
should never be larger than commercial
note size
Editors may not complain of pencil
copy, but they prefer pen and ink copy
every time. or course, If writer has a
regular and assured position, he may con.
suit only his own convenience and disre.
gard the wishes Of those who handle his
copy; but If he Is sending his matter to
an uncertain market the neater and hand
somer he makes 1t, the more likely it Is 70
sell.--"W. II. H." in Tho Writer.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
Tradit,on Copcernipe wampum.

An Indian of the Onondaga reservation
in New York gave to legislative COM
mitteeman the following tradition con-
cerning the wampum: "Thero is tree
set in the ground and 1t touches the
heavens. Under that tree sits this wam-
pun. II sits on a log. Goals of fire are
unquenchable, and the Six Nations are at
this council fire held by this tribe. To-
do.da,ho, member Of the Bear clan, is
the great chief here. He has descend
ant ip our tribe today; his name is Frank
Logan. One Of the uses OF the wampum
is for symbol in the election of officers.
The wampum bearer keeps the treaties Of
the nation. Chicago Herald.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25


"Did you ever notice how contAolous
man waiting for Harlem tsaip the othG
afternoon st the Park place station Of
tie sixth Avenue Elevated road. you
can make any man yawn II you 60 about
II properly" continued the young man.
II have 70 travel up and down TO Harlem
Q good deal. and l Amuse myself that way.
Women yawn oftener than men, and fat
men oftener than lean men. Tho best
time TO mako them yawn Is early In the
morning and late ct night. Then all they
want Is hint and on they 20. One night
last week sat next to an old gentleman.
He got on At Chambers street and rode up
TO Forty second street. made him yawn
twenty.seven times. Then I was tired,
but the old fellow had gone into the
habit, and thought no would split his
jaws, he kept them 80 far apart"
The young man had hardly seated him
self In the car before he turned around
and stared straight at = workingman OPP
Then the young man leaned his head laxily
against the window, closed his eyes,
opened his mouth very wide and began to
yawn with great deliberation and an air
Of utter WEAKNESS. The man In the blue
overalls became interested and stared In
tently at the wide open mouth and the
closed eyes. The young man put up his
hand in affectntion OF covering Ills mouth,
and then, as II IL was no use to try to
check an ovcrpowering impulse, he drew
his hand away, threw his head still fur
ther back and uttered that sound peculiar
TO the hearty yawner--ho-ho. no. A mo-
ment later the man in tho blue overalls
gave evidence Of twitching Of the jaws.
n spasm shot across his cheeks and then
his mouth opened and he yawned so wide
that it appeared as though he were going
TO divide and the top Of his head would
go on up into space. The workingmau
was now started. and all the way up he
kept yawning every few moments. Then
the young man turned his attention to an
old lady opposite with equal success
New York World.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25

Indians for several years. AS her parents
were unknown Ross adopted her and edu.
Gated her. Ross, in the engagement. was
wounded in the arm and In the side. In
1859 no was placed In command OF tho
frontier by Governor Houston. with sixty
men under his command. Having estab.
lished his post, he again made dash for
When tho civil war broke out Ross en-
tered the Confederate service as pri-
vate. He participated in many engage
ments and came out q brigadier general.
He has been sheriff OF McLennan county,
and in 1881 was elected state senator.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
TINE CITY OF NEW yos

water line. She is e3f feet wide and 4s
feet desp. Her tonnage is 1876 Tho
powsr Of her engines Is 1880 rse, as
Indicated on her recent trip from Liver
pool to New York. Capt. Frederick Wat
kins commands her. The Umbris, her
principal rival, is $50 feet long. 578 feet
wide. II feet deep. and 5000 tons bur.
then. She is commanded by Capt. Will
lam McMickan.
France was represented by La Bourgogne
and Germany by the Ems. Either of
these two ships, under proper time allow
ance, is supposed to be equal to the lnman
or the Cunard ship. All four started on
the same day, the City of New York and
the Umbria for Liverpool. La Bourgogne
for Havre. the Ems for Southampton. and
q great deal Of interest was taken on both
sides Of the Atlantic as to which should
arrive first. Tho principal excitement,
however. necessarily centered on the two
ships sailing for the same port.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25

Ar-.a.,-.'s.. -, ..ss..s . >. s.''s

i d.
Twenty eight stories highl Eighty.
two feet higher than the stone towers Of
the New York and Brooklyn bridge. Such
IL 10 be the height Of building 20 b
erected At Minneapolis, MINI. and yet 80
exact arc the calculations and 90 we'll
adapted the material that experts are sat
isAed the structure will be safer than an
ordinary six-story stone building. The
supporting franc. which in this instance
Is the chief paH Of the bnilding. Is TO be
a continuous skeleton OF Iron and steal,
consisting Of laminAted rivet-iron posts
and girders, diminishing In size as they
ascend. and braccd diagonally after the
manner of lattice bridge girders. Outside
of this will be the walls OF stone and
copper; but the upper part of this wall
will not rest its weight upon the lower
IL will be supported by projecting shelves
Of iron. These will be concealed by the
stone. and the exterior finish will be very
handson
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
Manufacture OF Chinese Cash.

A large number are engaged in molding,
casting and finishing the cash" used as
coin all over China--Mexican dollars and
sycee silver being used In large trans
actions. The cash are made from an alloy
OF copper and zinc nearly the same as the
we'll known Muntz metal and it takes
about 900 of them TO answer as change
for dollar. so minute and low do prices
runssp this country, of which will only
give one instance The fare for crossing
the ferry ON the Peiho was only two cash,
or one-tfth Of . cent,--ScientificA American.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
THE ENfe.

! The question was settled by the vessels
named, and from that day TO this there
has been constant Improvement in
ocean steamers. The earlier experiments
were followed by the vessels Of the Col
Inns and Cunard lines. Their ships were
side wheelers, between 300 and 400 feet
6ng, and with considerable breadth Of
beam. The Collins line died out, leaving
the ocean chiefly to the Cunard and the
lines organized since. Their steamers as
they were afterward built dropped tho
paddle wheels and took on the screw.
The next change was an increase in tho
length and reduction in width. An
old Collins line steamers deck WAS shaped
like the outline of fish. A modern In.
man steamer or Cunarder is moro like
cigar. II is this change from the paddle
to the screw and from tho wide to the
narrow vessel that has made ocean voy-
ages safer and quicker .,
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
Getting Around an Obstruction,

''Stevie," bright 4-year-old, had been
told that he must not ask for anything
TO eat when visiting the neighbors. Soon
after, at the house of distant relative,
where he invariably found something to
eat, he hung around with wistful sort
Of look, until finally he broke OUT.
Aunt Jane, I'm awful thirsty"
"Are your"
k.'Yes. am so thirsty could eat a
doughnut. Detroit Free Press.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25

y This marvellous Tedifce will be eighty
feet square, aud have a court yard in the
center; but the offices will oil front to-
wards thej outer side of the building
There will be twelve elevators, so ar.
ranged that one may ride TO any room
with but one stop on the way. There will
also be two stairways. chiefly intended.
Of course. for occasions when oil the in.
mates want to como down In a hurry, as
it Is not supposable that sensible people
that no occasion for dangerous hurry
will arise, as the building Is to be abso-
lutely fire proof. There will be no wood
work whatever except the doors and
windows. The roof Is OF iron, with glass
dome in the center apsx to light the inner
rotunda. Total height, $50 feet.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1888-08-25
DAVID DUDLEY FIELD.
AN EMINENT LAWYER HoNoREo ~
HIS COLLEAGUES.

Elected President Of the American Bar
Assccistion--How He Lives Day by Day.
How he Has Attained His Vigorous
Old Age.
David Dudley Field has practiced law,
written legal opinions and law books.
compiled codes and struggled for their
adoption for sixty years, and In his 84th
year is still vigorous enough to be elected
and 20 serve as president Of the American
Bar association Ho has seen his compre-
hensive civil code rejected repeatedly by
his own state and adopted by twenty
three states and territories and several
British territories, besides being made
the basis OF important changes In English
law. His first case, In 1923, was tho de-
fense Of fugitive slaves right to liberty,
and his last important public work wns
In defining individual rights and the limi.
tations Of legislative power. A life long
Democrat, he was also an original Aboli-
zionist, and assisted In the election Of
Abraham Lincoln.
Tho aim Of his law writing has been 70.
secure the voluntary adoption of q civil
code which would nssimilate the proceed.
ings Of the various states in such matters
as marriage and divorce, property and
family rights. and similar matters in
which conflict is embarrassing, and in
this he has almost succeeded.
rHc was born Feb. 13 1905, in Haddam,
Conn, the Oldest Of ton children, OF whom
three besides himself have become famous:
Henry NJ, editor Of The New York Evnn.
gellst; Stephen j., OF the United States
supreme court, and Cyrus W., once famous
I'm cppnaction With tbo LAYING ~ fhe