The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1888-01-11

walk. They slways carry the scythes
forks and rakes back and forth ever,
day, and work as long as there is day
light; and since it is daybreak at a. N
and not dark til $50 .. H., the hours o
labor are long ones.
The forks used in the ial3s are made
OF the prongs OF tree branches. A link
is selected which has at least three off
shoots, and from this hay or wheat
fork is made. The wheat is stacked a
first like that OF America, except in tbs
matter Of cap-sheafs. Instead of three
or four top-sheaps inst one is placed. II
is turned heads down and spread so as to
cover the entire stack. The heads q
Russian wheat are long and slender and
the grain small and red. It would be
graded at Du nth or Chicago as No. ,.
The straw is rank and slender, and the
yield a little more prolific than in Amer
lea. It is harvested and sown in the
same month, August. When the wheat
is sufficiently natured it is hauled on
long, slender, one-horse wagons to the
windmill on the farm and threshed.
Hsuling wheat to the thresher is a
leisurely and lazy work, and is never
done till the plowman wants the ground
it occupies. TIE windmill which fur
nishes the fail power FOR the threshing
is the same found throughout Holland
and Germany. It is double-armed, the
same as the one Don Quixote set out to
conquer. These mills are very common
around Warsaw, in Poland, and are
used for every conceivable work, the
women even grinding their coffee, cburn-
ing and washing with them. The
slightest breeze sets them going, as their
faces are turned against the wind so as
to catch its full force. This appears,
however, to be the only labor-saving IL
stitution found in Russia.
asked landlord why he did not in
troduce the modern implements en- his
farms, and was informed that labor was
too cheap; besides, it was found ed
vantageous to give as many people work
in the country as possible, because if
they 90 to the towns or cities they be-
come troublesome! 1t will not be till
the serfs leave the farms that Russia will
have modern improvements; and not till
then viii she compete to any great ex-
tent with the United States in supplying
the wheat markets of Europe.
NO EDUCATION -oR TIE POOR.
...lthough ignorant and iept away from
general communication, the peasants in
Russia are becoming greatly dissatisfied
with the way they are treated by the
government and the landowners. They
take the recently issued edict on the
subject of education to cover theic case
more especially than that of any other
class. The ministry OF public education
has but recently declared that it will
stop the last avenue possible to the edu-
cation OF the poor classes. It vii! not
permit them to enter even the private
universities, and has closed tie doors OF
the public ones by circular to the Gu
rators Of the scholastic circuits, en-
nouncing that 'gymnasia and pro-
gymnasia Will henceforth refuse to re-
ceive as pupils the children Of
domestic servants, cooks, washer-Tomen,
small shop-keepers and others Of like
condition, whose children, with the ex-
ception, perhaps, Of those gifted with
extraordinary capacities, shooid not be
raised from the circle to which they be-
long and be thereby led, as long ss eS-
perience has shown, to despise their
parents, to become discontented with
their lot and irritated againss the newt
able inequalities of existing social posi-
tions.
The real reason that this extraordinary
proclamation has been issued is the
growth of Nihiiism. This the officials
freely and frankly admit. They say
that as soon as the child of G peasant
gets into school and begins to read and
think ne or she becomes a Nihilist, and
goes into the community from whence
the pupil came snd sarec;2.ss-ts,,lltt III infec-
ton So the last channel to intelligence
is to be thus closed. The edict was
issued at the instance OF the nobility,
and is also intended to check the emigra-
ton from the farms to the cities.