davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1888-05-03
Tuesday, May 90. 1885,

between the hours Of IL o'clock, NJ. and 3
O'Clock, Z. NJ, all that tract or parcel of
laad, situate in the 9Th election district of
St Mary's county, and called and known
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1888-05-03

is na-or good when exposed 70 tho 0i-.
Aivcys buy I his brand in Theoretically
sealed ONE POUND PACKAGES.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Seed Postage Iniquities.

Though the Senate has passed two bills
granting reduced postage on seeds, the
House has so far failed to take action on
them. 1t is confidently predicted, how
ever, that the desired reduction will be
obtained ere long. As an example of the
present unfair condition of things, Amer
lean secdmen are required to pay Is cents
Il pound postage on their goods land this.
of course, comes out of the pockets of the
consumers). By agreement with Canada,
the United States carries all mail matter
from that country directed to points in the
United States at the same rate of postage
as prevails in Canada. The rate on seeds
in that country is only 4 cents per pound
consequently person can mail a pound of
seeds from Canada into the United States
for cents, while if the recipient in the
United States desired to send them bach,
to the same place it would cost him 1G
cents.
James Wick of Rochester, who has taken
an active part in having our postal rates
rectitied, especially as regards seedsmen,
brought this matter very forcibly 10 the
minds of some of our Congressman at
Washington by sending them packages of
plants from Canada on which the postage
was three cents (three-fourths of pound.
When the wife Of one of the Representa-
tiyes, on their receipt, finding them in ex-
cellent condition, endeavored to mail them
to her home with only three-cent postage
stamp they were sent back to her from the
postotice with a statement that nine cents
more postage was needed. 1t was a cute
scheme on Mr.. Nick's part, but a very
forcible argument.
By a similar agreement with that coun-
try, to send a pound Of seed or plants to
England, it would cost him s cents, while
if he were sending them anywhere in the
United States, the same package would
cost Is cents. For only y cents pound
seeds can be sent to Jamaica and regis
tered, which would cost % cents in the
United States. To regulate such charges
and place American citizens on the same
footing in their own country as foreigners,
is one of the important aims of the Amer
lean Seed Trade Prairie
Eoy,,,1a,.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Origin Of Pottery-Mare.

Every man, no doubt, used his gourd as
gourd alone. But as time went on he
began at last, apparently, to employ i: as
model for pottery also. In all probable
ity his earliest lessons in the fctile art
were purely accidental. 1t is common
trick with savages to put water to warm
on the campfire in calabash or gourd
with wet clay smeared over the bottom to
keep 1t from burning. Whenever the clay
thus employed was fine enough to form a
mold and bake hard in shape, it would
cling to the gourd, and be used time and
again in the same way without renewal.
till at last it came to be regarded almost
as component part of the compound
vessel. Traces Of this stage in the evolu-
ton of pottery still exist in various out
lying corners of the world. Savages have
been noted who smear their dishes with
clay; and bowls may be found in various
museums which still contain more or less
intact the relics of the natural object on
which they were modelled. In one case the
| thing imbedded in the clay bowl is a hui
man skull, presumably an enemy's.
In most cases, however, the inner gourd
or calabash, in proportion as it was we'll
coated up to the very top with good pro-
tective layer of clay, would tend to get
burned out by the heat of the fire in
the course of time; until at last the idea
would arise that the natural form was
nothing more than Il mere mold or model,
and that the earthenware dish which
grew up around it was the substantive YES
sci. As soon as this stage of pot-making
was arrived at, the process of firing would
become deliberate, instead of accidental
and the vessel would only be considered
complete as soon as it had been subjected
to a great heat which would efiectually
burn out the gourd or caabash imbedded
in the center.-Grant Altea, IN the Popular
Science MoqthLy for JuIp.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Marriage in Zululand.

A marriage among the Zulus is as bind
ing as any nuptial ceremony in England,
and man can not put away his wife with
out valid cause, approved by the Coun-
cilors of the tribe. Infdenty is punisha-
bic by death both to wife and partner in
guilt. Constant and systematic disobedi-
ence or incorrigible idleness, is punished
by divorce. If the woman thinks she is at
all i'll treated, she can return to her father,
who can keep her by repaying the number
of cows paid for her, the children, being
regarded as solely hers, going with her
If wife proves childless, she is divorced
without further payment. In that case,
if the sister have children, the first two of
her ofisprings are transferred to the first
wife, and are considered as her children.
When twins occur one is always sacrificed
to avert i'll luck. If man wishes to take
more wives he must always obtain the con-
sent of the first or queen wife. In fact,
the Zulu laws of marriage resemble the
old Mosaic laws, and their social condition
is very similar to that of the Israelites
when the Divine law was first given them
London Figaro.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Ideal and Rea, St. Demands.

Before l saw one | always imagined the
st. Bernard to be as large as a lion and
strong as a bull TIL picture in my
youthful geography had made these i'm
pressions. When dog that supposed
to be an overgrown setter was pointed out
as one of the celebrated Alpine breed, my
cherished Imaginative structures went
Gathering to the ground. Many time
had l in my early boyhood on a winters
night, when it was showing hard outside,
sat before cheerful fire and thought that
was the kind of weather when the saga
cious st. Bernard patroled the mountain
passes on the lookout for storm-bound
travellers. When some poor wretch hall
perishing In the snow was found, his freez-
ing blood would be thawed by the dogs
warm body and the brandy flask so con.
veniently attached to the collar. After
regaining strength l supposed the traveller
would mount the dogs back and the ami
NAL trot off with him to the monastery
But IT was plain that this st. Bernard Che
was crack too, had he been large
enough TO carry a man, could not trot; he
was entirely too straight in the stiles. Ii
is doubtful if he could have even have
walked fast enough to keep himself from
freezing to death on a real cold night
Forest and Stream.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
A TRANSATLANTIC BALLOON.
The Huge Continuance to Start From
New York in August.

The Paris Mdtin gives full details con-
corning the projected transatlantic balloon
trip Of Captain Jovis, a Frenchman, who
proposes to start from New York some
time in August The balloon, which has
been named the Atlantic, has a cubic con-
tents of $4,000 cubic meters, a diameter of
thirty-six meters, and a circumference of
,, ITO meters. 1t will be the largest balloon
ever built. The fabric is to be double,
made especially for the purpose, and will
be covered with a new varnish, supposed
to make it practically air-tight The COW
ering and its varnish are so light that the
enormous balloon, as high as an eight
story building, is to weigh but 1000
pounds. The car is four meters wide by
three meters and half long. 1t is pro-
vided with two enormous floats of basket
work, covered with oil-skin, in order to
keep it above water at sea. The hold of
the car Will contain the ballast, which, in
this case, will be bird-shot instead of sand.
There are two cabins, each one provided
with air mattresses, which will also serve
as life-rafts in case of need. As the voyage
will last three days or more, provision has
been made for cooking A stove, inclosed
in wire gauze, such as is used in the Davy
safety-lamps, will be used Attached to
the car will be steam-launch provided
with fuel and stores The rest of the
equipment consists of ropes, life-preseryers,
anchors, instruments, Photographic appa-
ratus, etc. The car viii be lighted by cleo
tricity from storage batteries.
The Atlantic will be filed with hydro
gen gas, which, having lifting power of
1850 grammes per cubic meter, will give
a carrying power of p, 900 kilos $4,000
pounds As the balloon, its car, its pas
senger, etc, will weigh in all 10000 kilos,
there will remain margin of 1900 kilos
with which to make the trip. According
to calculations based upon a number of ex-
periments, the loss of gas viii amount to
about LOCO cubic meters day. If the
trip last eighty-fye hours, as computed.
the speed being estimated at $50 kilome-
tiers, about 1000 kilos of ballast will have
to be thrown overheard Captain Jovis is
confident that even should he come down
in the middle of the Atlantic no harm will
come to his party. In the last ten years
he has descended at sea no less than
twenty mine times, twice by accident and
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30

There are one hundred and fifty thou
sand miles Of railway in the United States
three hundred thousand miles of rails-in
length enough to make twelve steel girdles
for the earth's circumference. This enor-
nous length of rail is wonderful-we dc
not really grasp its significance. But the
rail itself, the little section of steel, is an
engineering feat. The change of its form
from the curious and clumsy iron pear
head of thirty years ago to the present re-
fined section Of steel is scientific develop
ment 1t is now beam whose every di-
mension and curve and angle are exactly
suited to the tremendous work it has to
do. The loads it carries are enormous, the
blows it receives are heavy and constant,
but it carries the loads and bears the blows
and does its duty. The locomotive and
the modern passenger and freight cars are
great achievements, and so is the little rail
which carries them all-Scibner's Maya
zinc
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Panth ers in California,

Panthers are very abundant on the Nc
Cloud river and very destructive to stock,
especially to pigs, and from the expert
ence we have had with them here, should
say that in this region at least they very
seldom climb trees. They are perfectly
well able to, but they can jump into tree
so much quicker and easier than they can
climb into it that they very seldom, il
ever, resort TO climbing / think they
would consider it slow work.
The hunters here assert very positively,
and stick to it, that panthers can jump to
the limb of a tree twenty or thirty feet
from the ground, and as all the trees about
here have limbs nearer the ground than
that, it is obvious that our panthers would
have very little occasion to resort to the
slow process of climbing. But in other
parts of the country, where the trees grow
to greater hight without branches, there
is hardly a doubt, | think, that panther:
climb up the trunks of the trees wher
necessity for it occurs. But even then
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
A Dog to Climb Trees.

\ few years ago Attorney-G General T. T.
NJ, of my State, was with his family rusti-
eating for a short while in the country at
the house of hospitable Southern planter,
a relative of my own, where | was also a
guest.
We had fine sport shooting partridges
(Ortyr rirginianus, l believe the savants
call them) over my good setter Noggs, of
happy memory, who, poor fellow, died of a
well-defined case of consumption at the
age of seven, after most useful and hon
orabie life. We also had very good squir-
rel shooting in all the small creek bottoms,
where they greatly abounded that season.
One evening near sunset the General
picked up his gun and strolled down to the
spring" about three hundred yards from
the house. He was accompanied by his
young hopeful, D., aged about five, and by
the dog Noggs. Several squirrels were
discovered in the trees near the spring,
and the General emptied five or six shells
without bringing one to the ground, much
to the disappointment of the boy and dog.
As they strolled up the hill they acct
dentally kicked up rabbit (so-called),
which ran into the jaws of Noggs and was
captured. After the momentary excite
ment was over and the rabbit secured,
little D., who has comical trick of STAN.
mering in his speech, thus delivered him
self: Father, d-d-don't you wish o-o-old
Noggs c-c-could c-c-climb tree and c-catch
a squirrel r'-Forest and Stream
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Reducing EIesh.


Every physician has his own idea as to
the best method of reducing flesh Bis
marck, once very stout, reduced himself
according to the Schwenninger method
The plan consisted essentially in dry diet
He was not allowed to drink anything dur
ing meals nor for two hours and halt
atterward. At the expiration OF that
time he was allowed to drink freely. By
that time his food was digested and the
fluids were readily absorbed and carried tc
the kidneys, and served to wash out the
system. Schwenninger also restricts the
patient to one food at time in case of ex.
IRENE obesity. For instance, if he should
take meat he could have nothing but meat
If he took bread nothing but bread, and
so with potatoes or anything he chose.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30

We are sometimes asked where a good
fish pole can be bought, and if it occurs in
the course of a private conversation and
we are familiar enough with the ques-
TONER to warrant it, We refer him to any
of the shad fishermen who drive down
entire trees to string their gill nets on in
the Hudson river. Then, as the talk goes
on we suddenly learn that it is a rod that is
needed. There are poles and rods, but an
angler who owns fine piece Of workman
ship, made by his favOrite maker, every
inch Of which has its true taper and bears
its own proportion of the strain and con-
tributes to the elasticity of the whole, feels
his heart sink when an acquaintance picks
it up and says: "That is good pole ~
A pole, forsooth as if it might be used for
supporting a clothes-line when not in
other service. If you speak of his fine
breech-loader as "musket" he will not
be more hurt, so please spare him when
you have occasion to mention the excel
lence of his rod.-Forest and Stream.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30

workingmen and workingwomen of Amer
I lea. If we want what is good for us at
home, then We want no free trade. We of
California should look sharp to this. | do
not say these things from a view OF parti-
san bias, for | am no slave to party, nor
should any citizen of the United States be.
| would not have free trade because | can
see here in Europe, with my own eyes,
that it is a wrong policy. There is scarce
a day that | do not have ample evidences
of the European itching to have us slip
into the hidden moose of destruction in
the shape of free trade. Yesterday
visited the establishment of Theodore
ETH, who does an extensive business in
canned goods, raisins, nuts, etc. | asked
him if he handled California canned fruits,
and he replied, Yes, we take from so to
100 cases a season, but the duty is entirely
too high, it is almost prohibitory. If it
were lower We could sell many more"
" How does the California apricot COM
pare in size and quality TO those of En-
roper
"They are larger and finer looking"
He also said: We did large business
in American corned beef some few years
ago when the duty was six forms; but
now it is forty forms, and that, of course,
IS equivalent to making the importation of
these goods prohibitory"
This is only one side of the story; now
for the other. | learned that active and
efficient European committees were judi
ciously distributed in Washington and
elsewhere in the United States who Cob
bied" and caused to be "lobbied' sundry
measures, with view of obtaining ma
terial reduction on imports, especially on
fruits, nuts, etc. How these keen noble
men ~ must laugh in their sleeves at our
ferbearanee or seeming stupidity. Our
fruits, our corn, our pork, our canned goods
are kicked out of their market, and yet
they come to lobby" their products into
our territory on the lowest possible rates.
No doubt free trade would suit them much
better. OF course it would. No doubt the
Massachusetts orator claimed that fruit at
low prices is a blessing to the poor in the
crowded Eastern cities. No doubt it is,
bat it is time that our California represent
atives should reply that cheap pins, cheap
needles, cheap hooks and eyes, cheap but
tons and cheap knives would be blessing
to the people of the Pacific Coast. Protec-
ton should be general if it is to be Just.
DAVID LUBIN.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Tho CiViliZing Potato.

The potato has been great civilizer. 1t
commenced its work 800 years ago as a
native American, and it hasgone all over
the world, doing its work in all lands
quietly yet steadily, and in two ways
first, by being so cheap and abundant that
everybody came to like it; next, by fail
ing until everybody missed it and went to
hunting all over the world for it. In 1880
this country produced about 100000
bushels of potatoes. To-day we are i'm
porting potatoes from Germany, Belgium,
Scotland, England, Ireland. Our potato
crop failed in great degree last year be-
cause of drought in the West and long
continuous rains in the East. Hence, we
are importing potatoes and paying duty
of ID cents per bushel on them besides
freight If there had been total failure
of the potato crop we would have ran
sacked the world for them, for now we
must have them however high they come.
This shows how the potato has become a
clvllizer. We are short 100000 of
bushels, and must call on the world to
make up that shortage. Generally, Eng
land is short on potatoes. Luckily this
year she and all Europe have surplus.
Next year the situation may be reversed.
Ireland ran out of potatoes in 1917, and
commenced starving until we supplied her.
Six years ago we had great failure, and
Ireland supplied us. But the year before
that England and Ireland had to import
potatoes. The potato appears and disap-
pears, to teach the world mutual indie
pendence. The original potato still flour
ishes in a island off Chile. gnarled and
diminutive tribe, the ancestor of long
and prolific and beneficent line.-Erehanqe.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Saloons in Southern California.

The Ontario Record thus reviews the
situation as regards saloons in Southern
California: "Pasadena's noble anti-saloon
fight that eliminated IN the approval by
the Supreme Court of a prohibitory ordi-
nance, is bearing fruit rapidly. Elsinore
is the last town to wheel into line with a
prohibitory ordinance, and even saloon
cursed Cotton is agitating the saloon ques-
ton, with good prospects of at least de-
creasing the number of her gin mills.
Southern California now has six towns
with municipal prohibition: Pasadena,
Riverside, Monrovia, South Pasadena,
Orange, and Elsinore, in the order of their
adoption of the prohibitory ordinance.
Ontario, Glendora, Coronado and some
other smaller places are protected in a
greater or less degree by prohibitory
clause in deeds and strong temper
ance sentiment. All these towns are
good places to settle in. The saloon
( is doomed in Southern California, and we
: have demonstrated pretty conclusively
that it forms no essential factor of our
boom. 1t Will take time to rout the rum
power in the larger towns and cities, but
meantime the examples of the benefits of
local prohibition are multiplying"
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30

the other times Intentionally. Once he
remained seven hours floating around be-
fore help arrived. The Captain announces
that four persons, including a sailor, will
accompany him. One of the persons he
mentions. Paul Arene, Paris journalist,
writes, however, to the GaBlas to say that
he has no intention of risking his neck in
any such enterprise.-New York Post.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
A Question of Double Personality.

| The fact of sleep may of itself have al
| ready suggested the idea of two distinct
persons, for we certainly are not the same
| sleeping and waking. Yet, in sleep, we
have recollections from the waking state,
| and we can remember from sleep when
awake. There is, therefore, an essential
connection between the two states. There
are in natural somnambulism at the same
time more or less of analogy with the
wakeful condition. In one respect it more
resembles wakefulness for while, in nat
ural sleep, the dream is absolutely incohe-
rent, the somnambulist plays out his
dreams; that is, he executes system of
co-ordinated movements having begin
ming, middle and an end, or certain
conference. On the other hand, somnambu-
lism Is further separated from wakefulness
III the fact that the man awake wholly
loses the recollection of what the sleeping
man has done, while the somnambulist
can remember what he has done in a pre-
vious sleep. There are, then, in
some fashion, two lives, and the
hypothesis dreamed of by Pascal
Is very near to being realized /;
IF we dreamed every night the same
things, 1t would affect us as much as objects
that we see every day; and if an artisan
were sure to dream during the twelve
hours of every night that he is king,
believe that he would be almost as happy
as king who should dream for twelve
hours that he was an artisan" Pascal
speaks here only of dreaming, but it must
not be forgotten that somnambulism is COM
posed both of dream and reality. The
sonnambulist performs actions that take
place in the real world; he walks, he writes,
he does nearly everything that he does
while awake, and is even able to speak and
reply. Hence we have only to represent
to ourselves somnambulism gaining more
and more upon the waking condition, en-
croaching upon it, and at last becoming a
second waking alternating with the other,
and retaining only one feature of somnam-
bulism-the loss of recollection on waking.
Paul Janet, in the Popular Science
M0nthiy for ,Jaclv.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1888-06-30
Gun-Cotton in a Blaze.

Gun-cotton constitutes the best military
explosive known, for, while its explosive
force vastly exceeds that of gunpowder and
approaches that of nitro-glycerine, it is
the safest and most staple explosive we
possess, since it can be stored and trans.
ported wet; and while in this state, though
it may be detonated, it cannot be exploded
in any other way. As much as 1000
pounds of wet compressed gun-cotton have
been placed in fierce bonfire, where il
has gradually dried, layer by layer, and
been consumed without exploding. Be.
sides, gun-cotton is the only military ex,
plosive which can be detonated with
certainty when frozen.-.Scrbner' Magazine