The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1888-08-16
FARM FEEDING sTUFFs.
Analyses OF their Constituents, Made al
the Experiment. al Station in Columbia.

Explanatory Remarks.-To prevent
possible misunderstanding, and for the
convenience Of those who may not be
familiar with the terms employed IN eX-
pressing the results of analyses OF feed
ing stufs, the following explanations
are offered:
Moisture.-An vegetable substances,
however dry they may seem to be, con,
tain water. This is generally designated
moisture, and is determined by the loss
in weight of the substance on drying II
for several hours at 100 degrees o., the
boiling point of water. -,
Ash.-The mineral or non-volatlle
residue remaining after carefully burn
ing the vegetable matter, is known rs
ash. Some of its constituents are I'M
portsnt substances. In the ash also are
contained most of the msnurial matters
withdrawn by the plant from the soil.
Crude Fat.-On extracting dry vege-
table matter with ether, the fat or 7ege-
table oils, with small quantities Of wax,
coloring matter, etc., are obtained. luis
extract is called crude fat.
Crude Fiber.-An agricultural plant
is an aggregation of microscopic ceils.
The walls Of these cells consist OF cellu-
lose. When the plant is young ana
tender, the cellulose is largely dlgesn-
BILE; but, as the plant grows, these cell,
walls thicken and become tough and
woody. In this condition the cellulose,
OF crude fiber, is no longer dlgesaole;
and is not acted upon by dilute ACIDS or
alkslies. Cotton and linen are examples
of almost pure cellulose.
Crude Protein, or Crude A1bumlnolds.
For the sake of uniformity these terms
are made to embrace all Of the nitro
geneous substances Of the plant, VIZ,
true albuminoids, amides and nltrates.
The true albuminoids, which form much
the larger part of the nitrogenous COM
pounds present in the plant, constitute q
group Of closely related bodies, strongly
resembling albumin in their properties.
In the animal they form the muscles,
and most of the solid matter OF the
blood and nerves. The white OF an
egg, muscular fiber, gluten and caseln,
| are familiar examples of this important
group of bodies. The amides, generally
present in much smaller quantity, are
substituted ammonia compounds, sup
| posed to have much lower nutrlt1Ve
| value than the albuminoids.
Non-Nirogenous Extract, or CsrDo'
hydrates.-Here belong the remainder
Of the substances contained In the plsnt,
after substracting Moisture, Ash, Crude
Eat. Crude Fiber and Crude Protein.
They are compounds free from nitrogen,
and are soluble in either water, dilute
acids, or dilute alkales; hence the terms
| Non-nitrogenous, or Nitrogen-free EG-
tract. The stsrches, sugars, gums,
pectn, organic acids, and the tender
parts of the vegetable fiber are the more
| important of these compounds.
The albuminoids and fats are the most
valuable constituents of foods, although
importance attaches also to the nitro
gen-free extracts and even to the hbe1
and ash.
Sweet Potatoes, Georgia Bucks, .
grown in Lexington county.-Moisture
at 100 degrees G, 1881; Dry matter,
1853. Total, 10000 per cent.
Analysis of Dry Mstter.-Ash, ~
Crude Fat, 1.13; Crude Fiber, 2.s9
Crude Protein, Isl; Non-nitrogenous
Extract Carbohydrates s7.o5. Total,
10000 per cent.
ANALYSIS of the Fresh Potatoes
Moisture at 100 degrees G, 1881; Ash,
l.1S; Crude Fat, 80; Crude Fiber, IT.
Crude Protein, l.20; Non-pitrogenous
Extract Carbohydrates 1924. Total.
10000 per cent. .~.
This is about "a ayezsgeposato. The
5aanalysss agrees fsirly well with the
average of a number Of analyses OF
potatoes grown on American soil, the
results being slightly below the average.
Sofa Beans, grown by W. b. Perry,
Greenyille, S. C.-Moisture at 100 de-
drees c, 1000; Dry Matter, 5000. Total,
10000 per cent.
Analysis Of Dry Matter.-Ash, 5.24;
Crude Fat, 1877; Crude Fiber, 2.72:
Crude Protein, 39.17; Non-Nitrogencus
Extract Carbohydrates 34.l0. Total,
10000 per cent.
Analysis OF the Beans.-Moisture,
1000; Ash, 4.72; Crude Fat, 1859;
Crude Fiber, 2.45; Crude Protein, 35.25;
Non. .Nitrogenous Extract (Carbohy.
dratas) 30.6s. Total, 10000 per cent.
As is apparent from the analysis, this
is feeding stuff Of great value; the
crude proteins AND fat are exceedingly
high, and the crude fiber quite low.
Bermuds Hay, grown on the Station
Farm at Columbia, S. C.-Moisture at
| 100 degrees, 1886; Dry Matter 1864.
| Total, 10000 per cent.
Analysis of Dry Matter.-Ash, $50;
| Crude Fat, IA; Crude Fiber, 24.l5;
| Crude Protein, SIG; Non-Nitrogenous
Extract Carbohydrates 54.06. Total,
10000 per cent.
Analysis of the Hay as received
Moisture at 100 degrees g, 1000; Ash,
$50; Crude Fat, 2.19; Crude Fiber,
21.65; Crude Protein, S.75. Total,
10000 per cent.
Vetch in full bloom, from Station
Farm at Columbia, S. C.-Moisture at
100 degrees c, 1854; Dry Matter, 14.46.
Total, 10000 per cent.
Analysis of Dry Matter.-Ash, 10.1l;
Crude Fat, Eli; Crude Fiber, 1850;
Crude Protein, 26.63; Non-Nitrogenous
Extract Carbohydrates 39.65. Total,
10000 per cent.
In freshly IL In M the
Moisture at 1000 cut 81 grass cured assy bay
ash ,....:............. lsS s'11 sl}
crude @ FiSer.....:...... SIS l57S
Crude protein....;. 4S - So.si
heterogeneous E1. SIS S5-A
10000 10000