Morning journal and courier., 1888-10-31

born here or whether they have been adopt
 ed by this country, have made
 these tariffs largely imperative ex-
 cept on raw materials. Produceres
 of raw materials and opponents of high
 protection forget to tell to labor what the ef-
 feet is upon them. I, myself, have been high protectionist, who supposed that the low rate of labor abroad, indicated that it
 was caused by the free trade of that country. But four years of careful consideration proves to me that I feel that it is with me 6 time, that all extra cost is paid by the con sumer."
 MT. Sargent then went on to state that, considering the advanced conditions we la bor under in many kinds of manufacturing, l we do fairly well, and that when failure is
 caused it is not by high wages, but I by high tariff on raw materials and duty on ! machinery. He said that the lower prices at ! which goods could be sold abroad if raw ma terials were admitted to this country free ! would scandalize the whole protection busi ness.
 Then he went on saying that he would | quote on the Mills bill from authorities in the party that had strayed away from him: That the inequalities of English and Ameri- I can wages are equalized by longer hours of labor here; that in 1882 the tariff was con- | sidered too high and the most conservative \ demanded @ reduction. The tariffs hurt where 1t was supposed to benefit and was | alike injurious to the manufacturers and the people. A reduction was demanded from | 20 to 25 per cent. But we still have the | tariff intended for war purposes.
 The speaker then alluded to the American labor and asserted that it WAS cheap when compared with foreign labor owing to it's eff ciency and asserted that under the circum- { stances it made no more difference to the American than to the foreign manufacturer, while the duty off raw material virtually causes the manufacturer to enjoy protection \ because much raw material is wasted in man { ufacture and he loses it at much less cost. MT. Sargent sailed into the Mills bill, reading from notes; touching all the disputed points. He claimed that liquor should be entirely under the State rights, that free lum Der from the far-away North would be blessing, and that salt should be free of duty
 for now the consumer is simply paying duty to fat the salt association. Flax, straw and hemp should be free as they enter into many things which go to the people, and help labor. The articles used in bailing cotton should also come in free, he claimed, on the basis of large trade between here and Europe, India having come into competition lately, receiv- ing the cotton ties free. Competitor from America is consequently at loss. Then he referred to copper ore, stating that as soon as the high duty was reduced smelling works would spring up all along the Atlantic sea- board. He quoted Allison of Iowa as saying that that wool tariff was fraud upon the people, intended to ruin the sheep husbands " and that the finer Woolens are imported and that our factories must fail or turn out only cheap stuff.
 He also brought up tin plate, saying that through its introduction in canned goods it had became great industry, and that the labor in the canning of goods overshadowed any manufacturers profit so much that it certainly should be free of duty. He closed by saying: t'No article of im- portstion should bear @ higher custom tax
 shan the cost between the labor in this coun- try and that from which it was imported But as it is everyone pays duty much larger than the whole cost either in this or any other country. It is therefore no5 protection for labor, but for the manufacturer. But the
 manufacturer should be made to take care of
 himself. There should be raw material for him to work upon and with American labor
 to assist him he can compete with foreign la-
 bor successfully every time."
 MT. SPerFx Sails Tn.
 N. D. Sperry, the representative of the
 Republican and Workingmen's clubs, was
 hardly introduced by Judge Pickett, before he
 launched into his side of the discussion.
 He was determined to get as much into his ninety five minutes possible, and he suc- c66OeQ In covering more ground than seems
 possible in so short a time.
 He was received by prolonged applause and interrupted frequently by loud and un- mistakable signs of approbation from inc immense audience.
 He began his course of argument by com- pletely flooring one of MT. Sargent's strong est towers of argument, namely the opinion in favor of tariff reduction, which had been quoted of notable advocates of protection of the present campaign as Messrs. Wilson and
 Allison.
 Suppose, he said, that should present to you tonight the sentiments and opinions of
 Mir. Sargent ten years agol (great applause)
 before he had changed his views on these
 very subjectsI (More applause) Nr. Alli- son and MT. Wilson are to-day some of the strongest protectionists we have in the coun- try and they do not hold the opinions which have been quoted. Another point which has been brought up is that the laborer here can do more work than man of the same na. tionality abroad and if he can say he ought to have the benefit of having the results of their labor protected. If because you can do more work than @ Bohemian Is it right that your wages should be taken from you to equal hist (Cries of ''No, no.'' I am at a little disadvantage because have to examine the Mills bill from the standpoint of Mir. Mills
 MT. Sperry then quoted from the Demo- cratic platform of 1888 in which it renews the fidelity to the tariff declaration of 1884, a tariff for revenue only, and endorses the views of President Cleveland as expressed in his message to Congress, also the efforts of Democratic congressman to secure an early passage of the Mills bill
 He then quoted numerous recent opinions of prominent free traders like Senator Vest, and Henry Watterson to show the real intent of the men who were instrumental in fram. ing the Mills bill ''Mr. Mills himself said, /" quoting, ''I desire free trade and will not help any bill whicd does not lead up to it" And MT. Cleveland believes In free trade as believe in the Protestant religion. The leaders of free trade in England ,said Mr. Sperry, support the Mills bill and they know Q free trade document when they see it.
 Nearly every member of Mr. CleveIand's cabinet is member of the Golden club. Would they support if they thought the bill | protective measure, ss Mr. Sargent has tried to make it outi (Applause.) I think ! 1t free trade measure because 1t places up- | which are taken from the list of protected I articles. The schedule don't show these, but | there are that number governed by the | classes which are made free, and their value I to the government is from $70, 900, 900 to | $100, 1000, ,000 Shall this immense sum be | plotted from the industries of this countryt |
 have taken care to be able to show just | what the reductions of the Mills bill are and l to be exact went to Prof. Stone. Now you | all know Prof. Stone, and you know him to | be an honest man, and got him to give me just what these reductions are. He has com piled with my request, and these papers in nay hand (producing several sheets of closely figured paper), are open to inspec- ton by anybody who wishes to see them.
 The result shows that in the entire list the present rate of duty is 4S. 15 per cent. Under the Mills bill it would be 29. .49 per cent.-a difference of 1866 per cent, which is equiv aient to a reduction of 3578 per cent. (dreat applauss.)
 My object in presenting these figures is to ind out whether this bill is protective or not, for don't want people to be 5eceived as they have been right from this very platform. Leave out the articles on the tree list and there are other articles of a du- sible nature which together make an actual oss of 60 per cent. to the government, and yet they have the effrontery to stand up here md say that the reduction is but z per cent. Great applause.)
 The fact that the Mills bill reduces the iuty on many articles below the protective ,oint is another objection have to this bill. f the tariff is below the protective point it is IS disastrous as free trade itself II
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