davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Decorah-posten., 1888-06-06
Yaa Sfeiter til Nprnpplen.

Yaa Sfeiter til NorbpOlen. "lleber
2anb uno Meer", bet bersmte 8i0eb>
blao, ifriper: TIMBER 2eoelie at ben
norife Itblet Nanien ifal Ell Yriputers
petition / Sommer bragg aiiteo til
@~rsnlanb, fsr berfra paa Sfsiter at
isse at naa Horbpolen.
Decorah-posten., 1888-06-06

1uNs NultLHp
bar lempet 1T rationale Spif noget sitsr
arnitlpiaet. Sau bar / be iibiie Gar
Slort meset RAP 6remsans.
Nnoreas S~pisling
ira 6grrisoal, Stubsnt mn / Nmerita J
i9roeles Hins paa 6arbanseroiolin.
9iuius Smitt,
M Spfoseb / greuis, opporct / 1ele.
marten, er osida finf iii at ipiQe Sars
oanseroiolin. t6an fan mango samle
Slaatter os bar 6ortieneiten al at baps
l9rt "6pferunne" nosle al beres bepfe.
WfuF fltgtferre tubes / 9elemarfen
Slaat, forbi be / Hlbre Gage bar peret
Iaoeoe pda Sarpe. On nrset eserts
Zig Sarpeipil bar e~riiteret / 3elemnrfen
ct bog unfit, men / SarpeipiQets 3ios-
alcer bar norife Sonbesutter meset pite
leenldnbs / iorfie1ise 9anbe i europa,
oftere emo 2ilf9loet er nj. Saabe Sars
onnseroiplinen ps andre rationale Wus
'tfinftrumenter l1aoeliom en- tor Del al
Sldattene er ~piltnof oprinoelis impprs
teret.
8 6alinsoal fables Slaatten 9aatt.
Slaatterne er "@ansar" Zen Slass
Warid) Springer" (Sprinsoans) os
Sailing" SpfOlf tiger sjerne, at Sars
oanseripiaet lpoer lisebun beitanois, at
Der er insen @ariationer, men bette
fommer for Ell flor Del al Wansel paa
&~jenoitab til Os 6Oritaaelie al berne
Slass Muiif;o De iorifje0ise S,ptfer fan
bdpe EN- liseiaa iorifiellis &arafter, iom
DC, Der ipiles paa ~alminbelis Sioliu.
Eli Sarbanseroiolinen brrser man tor
fjeaise Slugs Stemninser efter Wuiits
itp'fernes 8arafter; man bar iaalebes:
Understanding C. d. h.. els = bpis
ie9 life minbes fell. 9rolotemning,
forthcoming, Understanding us Suers
itemnin9, Stemnius mes neoitilt 8as
(%alminoelis Siolinitemnins) Si itul
nebenfor napne EN- Sci rationale
Stpffer:
"~Nbilbbousen", Sprinsar, bpprtil
Der forores betpbelis 8irtuoiitst for at
funne ipiQe ben n~usenlunoe sobt.
"Marsit Sjutie" er osiaa en- Sprinz
gar, meset batter.
"@aufsn" Il ienere Tib osiaa falbet
"Wsllursuteas Minoe") Sprinsar, fer
beles pafter.
"Seuelien" ct en- befienot "Saains".
Slap Sepeli bar en- Sfrappebnubler,
flor os iterf. Gan rDpebe Soften os
iIos libel Yoitbnoet. Slau bleo ben
rettet ueb 8uussbers paa ct Steb, ION
enbnu beber "Stsslet". Baa Seien til
RetterItebet "tlleoe" ban benne Slant,
lom iiben bar facet Naun efter bam.
"Wslarsutens 8uniitpfte". 9enne
Slaat ipilte Mpllarsuten, naar ban par
"paa COB Gone" i 8rpauper. gan Ia
itebe ba 8uen paa @uluet, men Slaat,
ten gift lise soot uben at ban rsrte gioa
linen meb ben bsire Saanb. 9anst
Stptfer / Slaatteu ubisrtes nemlis mel
penire !Saanb ueb "8lonfen" paa Stren.
gene. Slaatten er Saains.
"8ei tri 8ubeiur paa 5ileiielb." Set
er tire Ssitre. Sen ferite isrser ouer
&iereIten fin; bun "froter", naar bun
ipnser:
"Spor er bu min Sen, iom meb mig
par trolopet / mine unsboms Nar, bers
for nit 6jerte iaa ofte monne srabe for
Dig min utrp Sen."
9en anben tr. iter, bun "frpter" osz
iaa:
"Ssrs life bu min Spiter, en- ajareit
bu faar isjen, Os ben fan bli big bulb
% tro."
Men ben treble, bun "froter" life,
bum ipnser os banter:
"gs er life sla meo baa'e betfan, es
ifal ia @jeitebob*) til Sula, es."
(Were.)
y 8ieiteboo er / Selemarfen bet iamme ipm
Yrpnup.
Set bebIte Miboel MOB 2uneeIpes
BONNIE er ben befjenbte Or. Nusuit
8sniss' hamburger 8rnittbe.
Decorah-posten., 1888-06-06

Oct beblte Mibbel MOB 2unseipss
BONNIE er ben befjenbte Or. Nusuit
@sniss' hamburger 8reitbe.
Decorah-posten., 1888-06-06
9GS bette!
BOSTON

Glbum inoeboloeuoe Bortrrtter af aut
aoHser I 8eroen os a1e Breiioenter al BE-
Toreneoe Stater IL Gents buer. Ricroicope
Batd gbarm inbeboloenne 5aoerppr, be ii
8uo eQer 8ortr9tter 10 Gents, 8 for Is Cts.
antpe fra 10 I'll IS Gents. Benue 10 Gents
pr. bog. Blpont os Benuslfaft forenet 10
Gents. Er9tipil IS Gents til SIS. al6ums
IS Gents I'll IS. Rubber Stamps til at trptfe
CARDS, aonpolutter oio. 80 Gents, Boatrpfs
terprssier $3.50 Ntuiti for Biano o. Sre(er
for 10 Gents, TRuiitbanolere forlanaer 35
Gents for bet iamme. Seno 5rimRrte for
% 10 Sioer inuftreret aatalos opsr Suneler
en- Uuiifiuitrumenter. RRpn "GecorahsEc
TEN. Noresie
4. 3ead1man & Con,
lo.14tf. Nirueapolis, gIIuH.
Decorah-posten., 1888-06-06
Observation-Disclosures ben 6e Suni 1888.

llstis 9Oot, u%uotaser naar ban er ~paa
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

for these cloaks are mostly made
in inexpensive camels' hair or
cashmere. Both bags for hanging
at the sides of dresses and loose
bodices are shocked.
A Paris correspondent, writing
regarding jewelry, says: Pearls
are most fashionable; but in the
daytime, and for paying visits,
simple ornaments are worn-gold
and enamel, representing flowers
or animal in miniature, such as
poodle dogs arranged in brooches;
wasps, black and yellow enamel
and diamond wings; a group of
four or five swallows. For bon
net pins [ have seen spiders, but
one must possess courage and a
strange taste to wear them.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
NEWSPAPERS In 1888.

From the edition of Geo. P.
Rowell and Co.'S "American
Newspaper Directory" published
April I'd Cts twentieth year,, it
appears that the wspapsrs and
Periodicals of all kinds issued In
the United States and Canada,
now number 1870. showing a
gain of $50 during the last IL
mouths and of 7,136 in 10 years.
The publishers of the Directory
assert that the impression that
when the proprietor of a news
paper undertakes to state what has
been his exact circulation, he does
not generally tell the truth is an
erroneous one: and they conspic-
uously offer reward of $10O for
every instance in their book for
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

SoULOUQUE P. o., LA..
MAR, 18th 1874 |
EDITOR SOUTH:
The Davidson parish COMM,
tee known as the "Old Guards
are shaking Sweet Ib9ryilIeo firm
centre to circumference on n
political hustings. The son
Guards are holding political NEE,
ings day and night, in the variom
wards of the parish, with a can
non and a band of music. i'm,
making "ROme howlp
For the first time since rpcou
structiOn the Republican vote in
the parish of Iberville, is so djy,d
ed, that the white vote has the bal
ance of power and will determine
which of the two cOntending fact
ions is entitled to win.
The s.OId Guards believe tba,
for past services rendered, they are
entitled to a mOdicum of the favor.
able consideration of the white ben
pie of ''Sweet Iberville," because
we do not wish to kindIe anew
the camp fire of conflicts that are
ended, nor to- excite afreSh tbe
passions that have so happily sub.
sided iu this peaceful community
nor do the "Old Guards belere
that by pOstpOning the fual hOur
of peace aud reconciliation, til
d political victory needs to be won.
Very respectfully
THEoPHILg ALAN.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
SOUTH WASHINGNION
NEWS.

The ceremonies of the various
societies at the funeral services Of
the late Lloyd Jones were very
impressive. The sermon was
delivered by the Rev. X. II. q.
Dyson. He was il member Of the
Masonic4, the Sones of Levi, the
Young Men Benevolent Asso1a.
tiou of SoGth Washington, and
founder of the JuvaniIes OF the
Young Ladies Benevolent.
The collection at the Zion BaP-
tist Church on the 25fh inst. was
$1S not $500 as appeared in our
last issue.
The amusement for Easter IN
this section, consisted OF Leap
L ear Parties, ParI0r SOcias and
Church Entertainments.
The Zania Literary held its
regular weekly exercises at AZ
3rd st. last night with the Wee
President, Mr. Samuel Smith ID
the chair. The paper di-ca'seq
was read by DIR. Laws, eutltIed
system.
The brick layers are hard at WORK
upon the front walls of Wesley
Zion A. vi E. Church.
The revival at the z n Baptl''
Church still continues, but "lIu
SLOW progress.
The Thirteenth AnniVersar!
of the Virginia Avenue BaPa'I
Sunday School, will take place
tomorrow afternoon at Inr70
o'clock,
The marriage of Mr.. Thonls'
Quivers to Miss Frances Morgan,
which has been so looked for, CoOA
place or Wednesday evening i1'''
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
FASHION NOTES.
(San Fransisco City August

tSan Fransisco City Argus,l
For indoor wear, smart tailor
made coates of thin black cloth,
with lappels, are being worn with
velvet or velveteen skirts. The
waistcoat is varied according to
fancy, and usually made Of a
square OF C lored silk. One idea
now is to fold a white handker-
chief with fancy border to form
a waistcoat, with the border
brought forward, SO as to show
we'll between the opening Of the
bodice. Just little care In fitting
is required.
The graceful and elegant
Rembrandt hat, with its wide
brim, over which ostrich tips
droop, is, says a writer of Paris
fashions very becoming to young
faces, who can also wear to ad-
vantage the fashionable Boulanger
chapeau, while there are numerous
other large shapes which hold
favored position; in fact, there
seenfepto be plenty of millinery
inspirations in the numerous
models shown for the coming sea-
son.
Gold, silver ard steel galoons
are employed in profusion upon
woolen costumes. The skirt is
cut round aud is slightly p!eated;
the unnic is drsped and fastened
up twice, so as to draw upon the
fullness of the front part at the
back. The bodice is made blouse
fashion; the fronts are full, aud
fas eued on the left side under
tab trimmed with galoon. Loose
sleeves, waistband and cuffs COW
cred with galloon, as well as. the
turned up-collar.
There is an improvement on the
cape-like cloaks now fashionable,
viz, the introduction of a rather
close-itting pleated vest, with a
clasp at the waist; and the Lorais
cape has just simple hood at the
back Picturesque hoods, hats
and bonnets are made of the same
material as the dress or the cloak,
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
EMANCIPATION DAY.
OF WHAT THE PARADE WILL CON-
SIST.
SIST.

A few Of the enthusiasts who
are in favor of a street parade met
at Johnson's Hall last Tesday
evening, for the purpose of cou-
ferring as to what was being done
by the several committees. 1t
was reported that the military
will not turn out, that the only
interest that is being manifested
in regard to a stteet parade was in
the 22nd and Sth districts, and
the 16 Social Clubs in South
Washington and 25 mounted horse.
men. This will be the parade OF
the 10th. The above showing will
convince the public that the pa
rade, April 10th, will be a farce.
Rev. johnson it will be seen, has
been appointed Chief Of Staff,
which of course will bring out a
few male members of his church.
1t was bat a few weeks ago that
Rev. Johnson declared against
street parades. The BEE will as
sure him however that the parade
OH the 10th will be beautiful
farce.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
Washington, April 5th, 1888

Washington, April 5th, 1888.
To the Editor:
l beg leave to drop
hint which may be of service to
your paper. The SUI ject is pro-
gress. | am delighted to see that
noble spirit set forth in yourself,
it shows the high aspiration OF
man, and like an eagle scars
alott, and looks far and wide, and
beholds the hearts Of hidden
treasures bringing them out and
offering them to men. We'ap-
preciate this grand gift, Dear
Brother, and the ::'Prngressive
Star" wishes to assist in this work,
the young Editor has SO beauti-
fully begun. To progress means
to work, aud that man or woman
who wishes TO progress cannot
afford to spend idle moments, for
life is short and much is to be
done, let US therefore lose no
time.
1 have been thinking that if a
large number of those high grad
uares out of the schools of Wash
lngton would just put slip OF
bright, Intelligent news of some of
the daily occurrences that come
under their nolice, that it would be
of benefit and interest to the read
ers of the BEE, this is a 60 ID
deed and all good deeds done,
however small are not lost. Oh.
how 1 regret that did not pos
sess the skill OF short hand as [
listened with delight to that
grand sermon Of The Rev. Mr..
Daily, of Asbury, on Easter Sun
day. | think that it ought to be
repeated by every reader of the
BEE, 1t is pity that some cne
of us could not spend one hour in
gathering those useful words of
truth and knowledge, aud have
them written, and those who do
not attend may read and be bene-
fred thereby, Oh think of ii
young men and young women; it
will pay tar better than a game
of cards or a few drinks with your
friends, to adopt this plan. Oh,
to be the saving of Que soul,
lhink all heaven is made to re-
joice.
There are other means of i'm
portauce also that would be of
progress TO our people and may
the BEE becom fayorite among
all people, because in it is found
beauty, light, stleag$h a$ van and l1gR !gRthi il
as companion, and the Editor
be kept busy in preparing to sup
ply the demand.
Awake ye sleepy and arise it
is all daylight and assist your
b! othef in the fight.
| remain respectfully.
The PROGRESSIVE STAR.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
DEATH OF MR.. PAUL

No one regrets the death of
Mr.. Paul, who was accidentally
killed a few days ago, more than
the editor of the BEE who has
known him for a number of years,
as an upright aud honorable man
aud a first class educator. We do
however condemn the white press
of this community when an attempt
is made to hold the man, who could
not control his horses, criminally
responsible. 1t is In bad taste on
the part Of some white people,
because a colOred man acciden-
tally Injuries a white person, to
hold him almost under all circum-
stances, criminally responsible, for
accidental acts. Bycicle riders, TO
a great extent, are generally care>
less. We don't say that this was
the case of Mr.. Paul, but, if Mr..
Paul saw the horses coming and
we believe it is SO reported, that
he did, be is to blame and not
the driver of the horses.
We shall see whether or not
efG6 of White men, who demand
tine arrest and conviction of a col,
ored man by a court Of justice,
can 80 ob-truct the course of law
as to prevent an impartial trial;
as has already been indicated in
this Paul-Chase misfortune. We
will also have an opportunity to
see, whether or not, that an acci-
dental death of a white person In
this city or country, by colored
person, is more precious than an
intentional dealn of colortd
person by the whites. Therefore
let us see whether the actions of
o bicycle club, can SO influence
and prejudice our courts of Justice
beyond the prescribed righteous
ness OF our citizenship; and look
beyond the bicycle men; and the
Judge of a burial ceremony, to the
carefully selected court of legal
jurisprudence.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
MR.. DOUGLASS DECLINES.

The committee on arrangements
of the paraders, invited Mr.. Fred.
erick Douglass to speak, but that
gentleman who declared against
street parades some time ago, has
emphatically declined to be ole
of the speakers for the pdraders,
Notwithstanding Mr.. Douglass EN-.
phatic declinatiOn that be will not
speak, the committee insists on
advertising him. Mr.. Doug
lass has sent a letter to the Even
ING STAR of this city to the effect
that he declines to be one Of the
speakers for the paraderS. Hon,
John HI. Smyth who was also IN
vited to speak by this same crowd,
has accepted the invitation to
speak at the meeting of those who
are opposed to street parades.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
A GREAT SMALL MAN.
Petersburg Herald.l

Hon. Frederick Douglass stands to-
day as one of the towers of strength in
the race, and we have always looked for
great things from him. BIT the unjust
and unkind fling, made few days age,
at the colored women of America, made
us think that the old man eloquent is
beginning, like most men of his age. 10
fall into vagaries. Great men often live
little too long. 1t is nonsensical in
the extreme for Mr.. Douglass to say
that colored women are not capable of
cooperating with their white sisters for
suffrage. 4 he colored women are keen
lass should be careful how he expresses
himself and especially concerning colored
yV0man
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
Mr.. DOUGLASS WILL NOT
SPEAK.

To the ElitOr OF the EVENING STAR
Not Wishing to be a purity to a
divided celebration of the benii.
cienr act of emancipation, an event
which ought to warm tht hearts Of
all colored men into a sentiment
OF union, and b3ing informed
through the news columns Of TaB
STAR that the selection of myself
as the orator Of the day has been
the cause of the proposition to
divide, ] hereby Withdraw my
name from the list OF speakers for
that occasion.
FREDERICK ID UGLASS
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
GEORGIA FOR SHERMAN.
Georgia Herald,)

HIP HIP kmrah for Sherman,
The County Convention on last
Tuesday unanimously adopted the
following resolution offered by
Major Easley: "Resolved, that
this convention recognize in the
Hon. John Sherman a statesman
of eminent ability, and should be
receive the nomination for Pres
ident be will make a safe and
competent chief executive of this
grand republic" This resolution
was adopted by over two hundred
men rising to their feet with a
shout.
A MAJORITY of the delegates
elected to the National Republican
Convention are avowed Sherman
men.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
MUSIC FOR EMANCIPATION

". Calcin Chase, Esq.
Secretary of the 26th Anniver-
sary of the Emancipation of Slaves
in the District Of Columbia.
Ny Dear Sir:
Yours of the 9Th inst. is at
hand. In reply thereto l will glad
ly contribute my services as direc-
tor of the music for the Anniversa-
ry meeting on the 16 b. 1t also
affords me pleasure to inform you
that the following we'll known tai
ent will join me: Mrs. Sallie War
ing, Misses Christianna Young,
Eliza Moten, Anita Joy, Messrs.
A. l.. Meyers and A. J. Hall.
Thanking you for the opportuni
ty presented me to show my appre-
citation for so worthy an object,
| am yours truly,
f. G. MILLER.
Wash. d. c., !
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

success. The house was crowded.
Rev. Derrick, Bishop and Carr,
spoke.
The PRIFFIN ECHO. "Pa says
our race has received more con-
sideration at the hands Of President
Cleveland, than any president
since the late war;"
The funeral of Mrs. Golden Rob-
inson, the woman who was so
cruelty murdered at ~ Grove ST.,
on Friday last. took place from
Bethel, Tuesday. The church was
filled to overfowlng, and DR.. Der
rick took occasion to advise those
present to refrain from the habit
of carrying dangerous weapons.
Miss Mary E. Vanderpoel, of
Kingston, N. Y, is visiting friends
at "a west 3rd street This young
lady, who is an accomplished vocal
ist, sang solo at ShilO church,
Easter morning. The Easter ser
vices at all the churches were fine,
at st. Phillips, Zion, DR.. Wisher's
and st. Benedict. Moor's full
orchestra aided the chOirs, and
this with the floral decorations,
made the Easter services grand.
E. B. Wright and DR.. Robinson i,
are among the late arrivals at the
Gilbert House.
The rooms used by the ex-Com-
mander OF the Society of the Sons
of New York, are like a bee hive.
Four secretaries are on duty from
10 a. m. until 10 p. NJ; over twenty
hundred invitations have been sent
out and President A. B. Trower
and DR.. P. w. Ray, the Chairman
OF the Executive Committee, feel
positive that the coming Reception
on the 1Ith inst, will be the affair
of the season, and eclipse all the
former efforts of this very popular
Society. A Magazine is to be is
sued in connection with the Recep-
tion under the Editorship of Oscar
Payne; this will contain full
history of the Society which in
cludes among it's 450 members, all
of the brightest members of our
race in the Empire State.
Madame MandO has returned
from go days. visit to Albany.
N. Y.
The Reception and Promenade
rendered to the Grand COmman-
derry, State of New York, Thurs
| dav- auaninn- hrnnnht ont larOa
crowd. The inspection aud Re-
view were not only surprise to
many Of their guests, but develop
ed a degree OF perfection of whic,
any order might well be proud
Elegant toilets, bright as new
Spring flowers dazzled the BEE
man beyond the possibility of
minute description. 1t was a
blowout long to be remembered.
For cOurteSies extended to the
Correspondent of THE BEED thanks
are due to Sir Knight Berry Mey.
ers who knows enough to keep
hotel.
The Bergen Star Concert at
Steinway Hall Thursday the 9Th
inst, was a complete jam. All the
artists covered themselves with
honors, and Mr.. Bergen promises
to furnish new and complete
s. rprlse in his next appearance at
the National Capitol. The fashion
OF appearing at these concerts in
full dress adds very much to the
brllliancy of the audience.
John Little of Brooklyn, was
elected a delegate to the National
Convention of the G. A. r., at TIE
late State encampment.
The weather is cool and pleasant
here at this writing.
The Ladies Common Wealth
Society, turned out 100 srtong at
the Robinson funeral at Bethel,
Tuesday,
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

The District democrats have
elected anti-administratinn del
egates 10 the District Convention,
which means an anti.administra
tion District delegation to the
St. Lonis Convention.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
is IT BOODLE?

A paper in this city published
by crlored men has changed candi-
dates three times. 1t first declared
for Blaine, next for Sherman and
lastly for Collum, of Illinois. 1t
must be. that the Doodle is not
forthcoming.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
DOES HE KNOW HIS MIND?

The committee of the paraders
continue to assert through the
public press that Mr.. FREQ. Doug.
lass bas decided TO speak. Else
where in this paper will be seen
card of Mr.. Douglass published in
the EVENING STAR several weeks
ago, refusing to have any thing
to do with the paraders. Will
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

The meeting called some time
ago to endorse Representative
Gains was composed of men not
of the district. There was only
one man from Mr.. Gains district.
The sentiment ofthe meeting was
in favor of Prof. Langston.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
EMANCIPATION.
SENATOR MANDERSoN ACCEPTS.
United States Senate,
WASHINGTON Aurll 3rd e

United States Senate,
Washington April 3rd, '8S.
w. Calvin Chase, Esq,
Sec, 26th Ami
versary Of the Emancipation of
Slaves in the District of Colum bia.
My Dear SIR:
[ take pleasure ill ac-
kuowledging the receipt of your
St"V sSbo"e noted Anniversary of the
Emancipation Of Slaves in the
District of Columbia, On the 16lk
lust, and hope to be able to he
present. You have my thanks
Tor courtesy extended.
Very truly yours,
CHAs. E. MANDERsoN.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

the paraders please explain Mr..
Douglass ca:d. or will Mr.. Doug
lass explain it? The question is
still asked "Does Mr.. Douglass
know his own mind ?n
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07
w ash. d. c., }
April Z, 'SS. !
CONTRIBUTING TO
CAUSE.

Washington D. c.,
April 3rd 1888.
w. Calvin Chase ESQ
Sec'y. Of Emancipation.
Sir:
4onr stand against street
parades, in the interest of econimy,
and for the benefit of charity, |
consider that it is strictly in the
interest of our people. Some day
you will receive your honest re-
ward. Enclosed please find
a small remittance TO be applied in
the above direction.
Yours truly
B. G. Whiting.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

An attempt will be made TO
nominate Mr.. Blaine, at Chicago
next June Notwithstanding his
letter of declination.
The Washington bee., 1888-04-07

Reports come from Georgia to
the feet that the whole Georgia
delegation will support MIR. Sher'
man.