Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1888-06-19

from Rotterdam. which passing round
Cape Horn. got separatc.l from the
fleet with which 1t was associated. and
was driven to the southwark by stress
of weather. X rguelen island, which
is long distance from the Pole. was
discovered about the same time. and
reckoned in the southern cir
cumpolar region. Captain Cook
started well y to the - southwark
in one Of his voyages. but com.
ing in contact with numerous icebergs.
d;fcaring that lie would find it diff
cult 10 escape, he shaped his cours,'
toward New Z,aland. A Russian nav
gator in, 1920 discovered two smal
islands not far from the ANTARCTIC
circle. which he named after Peter The
Great and Alexander L. IL 1883 ii
French commander. DImont d'Urville
discovered several small islands liz
nearly the same latitude. which h,
aaned after Louis Philippe and Prince
he 10 nville. He made Tasmania tho
s. arting point Of his voyage
The captains of some whalers ino the
employ Of the Enderby Company Of
London made numerous discoveries
during Tho early part Of the century.
giving the name Of En- derby to mass
land which they did not circumnav-
Igate The most important voyages
ever made to tn, Antarctic regions
were those under tho command OF
Captain James Il ,ss. They were I'M
der AIKEN by scientific Englishmen for
stho &. purpose a Of magnetic, OBJ
-civation. There were placed 4at
tho disposal of Captain Ross
Two vessels Of limited tonnage,
The Erebus and Terror. The time oc-
cupied was from 1889 to 1S4a l., the
fall of 1889 tho expedition started
from tho Cape Of Good Hope and
spcht tho brief summer hi Kerguelen
isian,i. The following season Tbs
mapia was the point Of depaisu re 1t
reached and passed Auckland New
Ycar's Day. l84l. entering the ice pack
immcd ately. Soon afterward land Of
considerable extent was discovered.
which was called Victoria Land. Along
| the shore for the distance Ut four hum
dred and fifty miles. was a smooth
perpendicular wall Of Ice without
assure. rising from one hundred aid
| Fifty to two hundred feet above the
water and descending eight hundred
| feet below. It's surface was Lowell and
over 1t could be seen u range OF
| mountains with two volcanoes, 0ne
ton thousand feet high In state d
violent action. the other twelve thou.
sand five hundred feet high and ap.
parently extinct. New. leo beginning
10 form, Captain Ross escaped nor, h.
ward with difficulty, aided by strong
breeze. He went Sou h again In N o.
vomber. H. passed thr ugh eight hun.
dred miles Of floating leo and this time
reached IS deg. II mim. higher
latitude than any one had thon or h as
since gone He came north when thu
seas were on the point qfqbeing CLOSED
by the Ice and passed the winter n
the Falklard Islands LII ID cembcl
he left Port louis 10 go south, visiting
!, this time Tho islands discovered BY
Dumont d. Urvlle. IL the summer o
1913 he returned home. There hav,
boei, few disco veries By other navi
Z gators. but thcv~wcvs Sunimportant
The last was he voyage of the Chat
lengcr In 1874, which added nothin:
In the way, geographical or scien
tilic knowledge to that already In TIN
worlds possession. : ne
The chief difficulties in approach
ing the Antarctic regions have boel
specified Tn, land, whether 1t ex
lists In the form, OF islands or con
Itinonts. is In most cases surrounde,
by n barrier of Ice, even in summer
sometimes extending SO far. into tn
wator thattit ~ inpossible to detec
the shore limo. Fow navigators hay
been able 10 do more thai
put foot on the land the
have discovered. Note have bee
able 10 penetrate into the interior
great part of them have been onl
able to observe tho land FROM the dee
II heir vessels The mass of floaiin
ice between the clear water and III
land is broad and difficult of passag,
/, Hnrbors where ship could safel
winter seem never 10 have been dis
covered. c pain X ~ cam Mort
every winter. and it. appears from h
narrative that it wnnl have been di
fcult 10 have passed it there. even ha
his vessels been built and provi4ione
ike those of the present day. ...
These are some of the probloms tn
: new expedition will have to solve,
II goes with the ,erious purposes it
said to entertain. aud prepared wit
, every resource and cxredient that ii
many experiences in northern ses
! h ye shown to be necessary. 1t Gu
accomplish little more than has a
ready bee done unless it spends
, least one winter near the localities
? be explored, Whc her this can
, ventured is the point to be determine,
Should the ship winter at the highe
/ latitude reached by II ,ss, or near
5 IL might, in the early part of the fe
D South Pole than any American exp
o ditiou he's been to ihu North Pole. NJ
o escape In time II Is 20 DO remark,
Y that the explorations made thus 4
. have been in regions NEST cnnvenic
5 to such convenient Poi Is Of departui
: rs the c ,pe of Goo II p, and Tam
MIA. Therefore the lands discover,
: have boon principally south, or sout