The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1888-05-09

Germany stsnas Ahen1--Austs>o 80
Itn1y-us1gium.
Germany stands ahead Of all other na-
lions In the excellence Of IT. primary and
secondary schools. The well known
Realschulen, many Of which now COM
prise ten classes and are coordinate with
the gymnasia, afford an education which
II perhaps the best possible general prep
aration for commercial or trade pursuits.
In these schools the classical languages
are not taught and the time thus saved IL
devoted TO modern languages and science.
In addition schools of commerce are found
I'm nearly all the large towns Of Germany.
There are certain differences between the
systems Of commercial education and in
deed Of education generally a. adopted In
Bavaria, Saxony and Prussia. The mer-
camille schools are well attended and they
are practically independent of government
aid. Several Of the real schools have
q commercial department., but besides
these there are In Germany seventeen
special schools of commerce, the leaving
certificate of which Is recognized as con-
ferring the right Of one years military
service; nine middle schools with q less
extended curriculum, and q large number
of evening schools, which are attended by
clerks. merchants apprentices, and other
persons engaged In mercantile houses.
With the view Of meeting the require
ments of young men who desire to attend
special courses of instruction on COM
mercial subjects some OF the polytechnic
schools of Germany have arranged courses
of lectures, which are intended for those
who are seeking places under the govern
ment In the customs and excise offices,
hut are followed by other students who
have received their early education at q
gymnasium or realschule and whose cir
cumstances enable them TO spend year
or two at college before commencing busi-
ness.
In Austria Hungary there are nine high
schools Of commerce, eleven intermediate
schools. and forty-two schools intended
principally for clerks There is nothing
that calls for special notice In the subjects
of instruction in these schools. The course
Of study Is very similar to that In the
corresponding schools of Germany. The
most important of the high schools is
in Vienna and Is known as the Handles
academic. 1t gives two courses Of in
struction, the one occupying three years
and the other two years. The subjects of
instruction are nearly the same as those
Of the French high schools.
In Italy the subject Of commercial edu-
cation il receiving careful attention. The
system Of bifurcation commences imme-
diately after q child has the elementary
school. Those intended for industrial pur-
suits pass on to the technical school
(scuola tecnica) and thence to the techni-
cal institute. Others pass through the
corresponding classical schools to the uni
versity. The technical institute CORE
spends to some extent with the higher real
schools of Germany, but each institute
contains three or more separate depart
ments, in which the institution is special
lied with view to different branches Of
industry. There are sixty five technical
Institutes in Italy, in many of which there
is department entirely devoted to COM
mercial education.
In Belgium there arc numerous middle
schools, the object Of which Is to prepare
youths for commercial pursuits The
fact that the children Of the middle CLASSES
are destined, for the most part, TO earn
their livelihood In trade or commerce Is
recognized in tho general scheme Of inter-
mediate education adopted In Belgium,
and the course of school studies Is ar
ranged accordingly. Philip Magnus In
Contemporary Review.