davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
Nitrogen in 1feado,r soil.

Prof. McNIurtie reports that the series Of
experiments and Investigations to which
Deherain has been devoted upon the eX-
detrimental farm of the agricultural school
Of Gregnon, in France, have shown that
when a field is maintained in plowed crops
there is continued loss of nitrogen in
the soil. II these same fields be kept in
grass for an equal length of time there will
be continued increase of nitrogen, and
he undertakes to explain this fact: 1. The
loss Of nitrogen in cultivated soil is due
largely to the more rapid oxidation pro-
duced by the micro organisms, favored by
the movement of these organisms in the
operations of culture, and TO the removal
in natural drainage of the nirates pro-
duced 2. The increase Of nitrogen is due
to absorption of ammonia from the air,
shown by Schloesing; the iXation of
atmospheric nitrogen, shown by Berthelot
and Joulie, the transfer of nitrates from
the lower drainage water by the roots of
plants and by natural diffusion. Nitrates
are removed from the soil water by roots
of plants at the surface, the equilibrium of
solution is disturbed, and to perfect the
equilibrium nitrates must pass from below
upward. The nitrogen thus becomes fixed
in the vegetable tissue which is left behind
the debris. These facts may not explain
the whole matter, but the capital point
upon which Deherain insists, and which is
of practi' interest to farmers, is that soil
kept in lass becomes enriched in nitrogen
tcombined), while that of plowed fields be-
comes IMPOVERISHED.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
Soon Get Acquainted.

He was bright, tallSative boy of eight
or nine, and he rang the door bell Of a
house on Brush street the other day and
asked to see the lady Of the house. He was
admitted, and when she came into the par
lor he said
81 belong to the family who just moved
in next door.
"Ies."
eve want to be neighborly. Are you
coming to call on MAJ"
"Why-why, child, don't know"
You'd better come. Then she can come
over to see you. She's great woman to
talk, and she'll show you the place where
she had felon on her hand. You want to
be neighborly, don't your"
IL suppose so.
"Well, then, I'll borrow hunk Of but
ter, and you come over and borrow our
clothes bars, and we'll soon be acquainted.
We amt bit stuck up, even if we have got
mantel in the parlor. Well, good-by."
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
P,rrenti,.a s,,.ut IN oats.

Careful computation of the smut of oats
grown under ordinary field culture, made
by actual count of the smutted and I'M
smutted heads, has shown that from to
III per cent. of the crop is a common loss,
even when to ordinary observation the field
appears reasonably free from smut. BY q
comparatively small outlay of time and
trouble this loss can be entirely prevented,
as was fully demonstrated last season by
investigations carried on by Mr.. G. S.
Plumb. He found that soaking the grain
in solution of blue vitrol tsulphate of
copper over night almost feed the crop
cf smut, and that when the seed was soaked
day and night there was total absence
OF smut in the crop. The solution was
made by using four ounces of blue vitrol
to gallon of water. After soaking the
seed is spread out and dried, and finally
stirred up with slaked lime to separate
the grains and complete the drying. The
growth of the grain or the vigor of the
CROP. Other substances We're found to be
also eificacious, but to a less degree. The
best of these are copperas, caustic potash,
and fresh urine; even CASTLE soap in strong
solution, with days soaking, will kill
three four,hs of the smut. Experiments
were not tried with ]ye from wood ashes,
but there is no reason for doubling that
soaking tine seed in strong I've will be
sufficient to kill every vestige of smut and
give a perfectly clean crop. 1t must be
borne in mind that if there is smut on the
seed grain, there will be smut in the crop.
Therefore use seed from fields where there
was no smut the previous year, or kill the
smut before sowing by one OF the methods
already mentioned, and the resulting crop
will lie correspondingly free of smut
Dr.. j. c. A,thur, Nc,r York Experiment
AZ
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
ROBBERY OF THE POOR.
The Losings Banks That Are Established
to Trap the Poor of London,

The Losings Banks That Are Established
to Trap the Poor of London.
From q recent address by Sir Wilfred Lawson,
M. p, in Exeter Hall, London
But what is this licensing system? Let
us understand it, and then we shall know
better how to attack it. In this country it
requires great deal Of money to carry on
the Government. All governments require
great deal of money; whether they are
Liberal or Conservative it makes no differ
ence. In fact, the Liberal Government
was the most liberal of all in its expend-
lture, for year or two ago it required
slOO.OO0.O 900 of money to govern the peo-
pie of this land; and would say naturally
that all this money ought to be raised from
property, from the riches of the country.
Not so. These ingenious statesmen Of all
parties and of all times, almost, have
hit on very ingenious way of getting
the money out of the pockets of the poor
people; and that is by setting traps for
them. You have heard of saving banks for
the people; we'll, they establish losing
banks for the people. Those are the pub
lie houses and the beer shops and the gin
palaces. And remember ths-when we
hear about the immortality of the lower
classes-remember that these thirty mill
ions are taken in these traps and are COL
lected there because the traps were set up
by the upper classes. There is not drink
shop at this moment with the license of
which workingman has had anything to
do. How have they robbed the poor in this
way? Why, if you go about London it
must have struck any of you wherever you
go that in the poorest, the most degraded
the most degenerate-if may use the ex-
pression-streets, there where, SO to speak,
the people seem at the lowest stage of the
social ladder-there it is that you find the
greatest number of drink shops. l say
that it is q cruel system.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
The Dcbaucllery of High License.

II have been willing to concede any
regulative power in high license that might
come from it, but as member Of the
Common Council of the city of Beloit
Wisconsin, for the last two years, and
under the highest license fee our State law
allows, 1 can say candidly and with the
confirmation of facts, that SO far as Beloit
is concerned, there is no such thing as
regulating the liquor traffic with high
license fee. The personnel of the liquor
dealers of Beloit has not improved q par
ticle as | can see; on the other hand,
think it is very apparent that those who
have the granting of the licenses in the
Council have become more abandoned in
the use of their prerogatives on account of
the enormous income it brings to the
treasury, as we'll as from sympathy they
feel for the saloon-keepers on account Of
the enormous tax they have to pay."-E.
n. Wheeler, IN Janesrille, WIS, Gazette.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

PERSONS are apt to look upon brewers
as not quite SO abandoned as the saloon
keeper; they imagine the saloon-k keeper to
be created a little lower than the brewer.
Tie fact is. in this city, that the brewers
practically are the saloon keepers, as they
hold mortgages on the liquor stores amount
ing to over 81 100000. Ii there is any diff
ference between the brewer and the retailer
the former is tie worst, as he is usually
the more intelligent. better circumstanced,
and better acquainted with the poisonous
nature of what Is being sold, and therefore
the more reprehensblc. Without the
brewers aid there would not be half as
many saloons.-Christiun Nation.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
THE POULTRY-YARD.
The Time or ,hc <j,tiuo Hen.

The Time oJ the sitting Hen.
"There is time for everything" says
the wise man, and the time Of the sitting
hen approaches. Her time is popularity
supposed TO be practically valueless. A
country proverb has it, "Worth no more
than the time OF an old sitting hen, but
the poultry breeder is not sharer in this
heresy. Before long, all over the land the
sitting hen will be resnant, occupying all
gers, and the like: or left to her own sweet
will she will crawl under the barn amid
cobwebs and etid odors, or seek the soi-
tude of the highest part of the hay NOW.
She will be faithful and faithless, cause
pleasure and regret, but her laboNs are in
Cispensa-le, and the wise poultry-breeder
will try to make them as available as pos
sille He will see that she has a we'll
formed nest. made in Il suila' lie manner
and situated i'll snitab e place. He will
provide her with suitable Eood and plenty
OF fresh water And he will find that she
will hatch out good percentage of eggs,
and care for the chickens after they are
Matched.
We have little pat ence with the denunci-
atoms which are bestowed so literally upon
one of the indi pen ables OF the poultry
breeder, the sitting hen. At the present
price of COOL inrubators, admitting that
they will do all that is claimed for them,
the small breeder cam It afford to r.ie one.
He must have recourse TO the sitting hen.
Why then, should lie abuse the innocent
objert which he must use? If the proper
care Is taken, II hen will hatch and rear er
hood of chickens. and we have yet 10 see u
machine which will sue eel better. But if
the nest 80 constructed that the Eggs will
roll-toge her and break, or if it is placed
where lice most do congre"a:e, or if the
proper seclus.on is not g.ve.a, or if any
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
inauisitiye, but Not Excessively So,

Observation-Disclosures Rosenburg, you
talks SO much about how you keeps holy
dot Chewish Sabbath, dot l wants to ask
you kerveshtun.
Rosenberg vat ish den dot kerr
veshtun?
Suppose dot Sabbath day on you finds
dot street in Il pig pag full NIT terventy
tollar gold pieces, would you desheerate dot
holy day by takin' away dot monish?"
"Does yer really want ter know vat
would do?"
Il does So"
"Nell. den, next Sabbath choost you drop
Won Of dose pags of gold, and you will find
out.
Il dells you vot would like to know, but
WASN'T choost eaten oop nit curioshity.
Texas Siftings.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
HUSBANDRY AND HousEw|FERY.
Matters of Interest Relating
to Farm and Household
Management.
Information for the Plowman, Stock.
man, Poulterer, Nurseryman,
and Housewife.
THE FARM.
Improvement in Potatoes.

Improvement in Potatoes.
The extraordinary increase in the use Of
potatoes as food which has occurred within
the last thirty years is not altogether due
10 changes in popular taste. We like
potatoes better, it is true, but it is chiefly
because they are better. The improve
ment in quality began with the Goodrich
Seedlings, whose mildness of flavor COM
mended them to many who had never been
able to like the coarse, strong favored
varieties which preceded them. A potato
COOKING dry and mealy is, of course, now
the kind required by the best standard of
excellence, though some old people learned
in their youth to like the ranker- tasting
kinds, and still prefer them. Those who
like soggy, coarse spotato can have it in
any of the tnestvarieties by leaving its top
to b. injured by the potato bug, or other
wise. Occasionally we hear such persons
praising the coarsest growing varieties as
most in accordance with their depraved
taste, but such people are growing fewer
eyesv wear
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
She Got There.

A Chicagoan with an office up four pair
of stairs on Adams street was inquired
after by a lady recently at the elevator,
and the boy asked:
care you book agent, MADAME"
mo. sir"
Come about some charity"
"No. sir"
"Want his influence in temperance OF
politics."
NO, sir"
"fle is very particular whom he sees,
madam. Will you give me your name?"
Il am his wife, sir
"O-h-h! you are! Well, please wait here
until l go up and ask him if h. will see
you. Take a chair, madam, and will do
my best to bring about an interview"
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
More Evidence of the Setback.

"The rapid progress of the Prohibition
movement is a puzzler to the politicians
and Il surprise to everybody; yet, after all,
the difference between temperance and
Prohibition is not SO great as many people
imagine. Whenever man makes up his
,n;na TINT he can get along better without
1,h,sI<v an with it that it is not the ne
cassity and benefit which he thought it to
be hit wholly unnecessary and positive
eyl-~it is not to be wondered at that he
g on,d shortly be asking himself why the
mannfactnre and sale Of an article product
;us e Of so little good and capable of such in
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

finite II, mischief should not be stopped.
This is growing sentiment and it cannot
be STONED. The recruiting offices of the
Prohibition party are multiplying every
day, and, though it may be many years
before the new crusade accomplishes its
full object, it is already force that is
bound to command the respect. even if it
is slow to secure the Endorsement, of the
old party leaders. Washington Critic
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
Two Opinions Of Whisky.

BOB INGERSOLL'S oPIN-
ION.
1 send you some OF
the most wonderful
whisky that ever drove
tho skeleton from a
feast or painted land
scapes in the brain OF
man. 1t is the mingled
souls of wheat and corn.
In it you will find the
sunshine and shadow
that chased each other
over the billowy fields.
the breath of June, the
carol Of the lark, the
dews of night, the
wealth of summer aud
autumn's rich content,
all golden with i1npris.
oned light. Drink it,
and you will hear the
voice of men and maid.
ems singing the "Har.
vest Home" mingled
with the laughter OF
children. Drink it, and
you will feel within
your blood the startled
dawns, the dreamy,
tawny dusks of many
perfect days. For forty
years this liquid joy has
been within the happy
slaves of oak. longing
to touch tho lips O,
man.
st. Louis GIObe-l
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
Colonel 10,

olon n'Il never forget that last evening at
r,n As' 20 before his death. 1t was a
lir, 81 ht-sirarge for SO cosy and
sss d place, smothered as it was with
10, i, ana lll''cs on that une day. But
r lo cruel and spares no homes, how
one osy. Ii Oh or low, rich or poor,
7s,p a 40 had three sons, all nice boys.
It er, ~ OF ing en,i.ed to follow their
va Me- IL Ways, his cxalnp e had proved
D'ue' They saw him slave to the
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

DIR. HALL once said: "There is a ser
mon in every blade of grass" 1t is sup
posed that is the reason that people have
their lawns clipped so closely. Want to
abbreviate the sermons.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

"MY pa" said one small boy, "is q
preacher, and is sure to go to heaven
aHuh!" said the other small boy, that
amt nothin'. My pa is doctor and can
kill YOUR old pa.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
L DO not think that overstate t

Il DO not think that overstate the
case when say that the 20O,000 saloons in
this country have been instrumental in de-
stroying more human life in the last five
years than the 1900, 900 of armed men
during the four years Of the rebellion.
There is an irrepressible conflict upon us.
This nation cannot endure half drunk and
half sober any more than it could endure
half slave and half free. "-Er- Senator
Window
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

WHEN laboring man trieste support q
family and saloon at the same time he
undertakes more than he can carry out,
and he always finds that the saloons come
out ahead and the family gets left.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

A MAN of Tioga County, Pennsylvania,
is said to be raising thirteen foxes on the
bottle. AS you go further West you find
them raising snakes by the sr,>e process.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
\ pRoHlB1T1oNIsr's

a PROHlBITIONIST's
OPINION.
1 send you some of the
most wonderful whisky
that ever filled with
the boots of
man. or painted towns
in cardinal red. tits the
mingled souls of corn
and strychnine. In it
you will find tho moon
shine that made the
marshal chase the
over Western
hills, the bresth of
flame, the whistle Of
police, the hoodlum
wagon and thirty days
in prison for thinking
you cOulu nSht. DRINK
it, and you will hear the
voice of comrades sing
ing when Johnny
c ON es NJ arc hin &
Home" mingled with
the laughter of the
boys. Drink it. and you
will feel within your
hcnd q sense of SWELL
ing-the booty bliss Of
high old sprees.
For sixty days this
liquid fire has been
within the meek and
nild-eyed demijohn,
longing to scorch the
throat of man.
cUlOcl'nf.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15
I'owkt,.w Notes..

<ONGGfy .SOteSs
ABOUT tablespoonful of ground bones
fed to each dozen fowls once a week will
add to their thrift, and stimulate their egg
season arrives, bone meal fed to the young
chicks greatly aid in their development,
especially on the larger varieties of fowls.
1T is we'll known that when hens steal
their nests the most of tie eggs hatch. The
reason is, the eggs are not only kept warm,
being near to the ground. but the eggs also
gather the requisite moisture to assist
Matching. 1t is we'll, therefore, to occas-
ionally spray the eggs with tepid water,
when the nests are on q raised floor.
Color of eggs, often spoken of, is much
in the strain of fowls rs we'll as in the
food. If We wish to cultivate the color We
can do so by picking out those for setting
which are darkest, bat it will usually bring
darker colored birds than are wished for
exhibition, but where eggs and poultry are
higher price obtained for brown eggs than
for white ones, often to cents per dozen
more.
A SUCCESSFUL poultry raiser feeds
wheat in the morning, barley ut noon and
wheat in the evening. In addition to the
barley he gives the Stops and refuse from
the kitchen after boiling it. The wheat
gives rich yellow color to the yolks which
is so often desired in the city where eggs
are sold in the retail markets. He says
one great mistake many chicken raisers
make is in feeding chickens too much, and
this accounts for their becoming diseased.
GUINEA fowls are a great aid to keep
away minks and other destroyers of poultry.
they do this because they are always alert,
and if anything comes prowling about the
roos:, they seem at once to hear it and to
make their peculiar noise. IN the daytime
also they seem to see hawks before the
chickens do and then give the alarm. If
dog chained under the roost is also excel
lent to keep away these providers of the
night
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-07-15

othes mistake is made by man, be certainly
ought not to blame the faithful hen, who
has tried to do her duty .undsr the most
less denunciation of the sitting hen, and
more care in setting her, and We shall have
more satisfactory results.
If a man intends to raise chickens by the
hundreds and the thousands, he may per-
haps find that he can do il more proitably
by using incubators and breeders, although
some large breeders deny this. If he can,
he should by all means do 80, but in cele-
brating his triumphs he need not resort to
abuse of what he once found so necessary
and so useful, the faithful incubator and
brooder that nature has provided, the sit
ting hen.-American Poultry Yurd.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-07-16
> vyantIrla Oazette.
SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 1e.

KILLED BY RATs.-On Sunday the re.
mains of g human being were found in the
woods near fletcher, Mich, The body had
been partially eaten, apparently, and was
wholly unrecognizable. An inquest was
held, but it brought out nothing definite.
While verdict was being rendered by the
Jury a young man named Davis, who had
been drawn by curiosity to pay second
visit to the spot where the corpse was
found, dashed among the jurors with badly
tattered clothing, q bloody club, and solu-
ton of the mystery. The unknown man
had been killed by field rats. The young
man had himself been attacked by them
while working in hay field, and had to
fight for his life. When he approached the
fatal spot he said the vicious little creatures
sprang upon him from all sides, and al
though he killed many of them it seemed
only to whet the courage of the survivors.
He was obliged to make run for it, and
had been followed almost to the place of in
quest, some of his assailants clinging to him
and biting him cruelty. The men returned
with him and surprised the surviving rats in
the act of carrying away and ooncealing the
bodies of their defunct brethren.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-07-16

ATTEMPTED AssAssINATIoN.-Ad dispatch
from st. Petersburg conveys the intelligence
that band of Russian fanatics, who harbor
q violent hatred of anything pertaining to
the Lutheran Church, made an unsuccessful
attempt on the 10th of July to murder the
wife of Grand Duke Nicholas Constantine
witch. Nicholas, who is the son OF the Cars
uncle Constantine, was residing with his
wife at his fathers palace at Panlovsk,
where the assault was committed. The rea-
son given for the attempted assassination is
that the princess has persistently refused to
modify her marriage settlement OF 1881 and
1884, which entities her to remain Luther
an. The mob of Russians were oil arrested,
but kept up disturbance by shouting at
the duchess, eve have already had enough
of Marie Paulowna," referring to Marie, the
Grand Duke Vladimir, the brother of the
Gar. Marie, who is Lutheran, has been
accused by the Russians of proselyting. 1t
is also stated that similar attempt was
made upon Elizabeth, wife of Grand Duke
Sergius, brother of the Car.