davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

like, therefore advising our people to plant
walnuts, which requires much space, on
the hillsides of our mountains. That this
could be DONE even if but few trees,
either isolated or in groups, or in avenue
form, or alongside a road, or around
large field. OF course, in the rich valley
lands 1t would be uIwise to plant whole
tracts thickly into walnuts, where land Is
high, when the poorer and cheaper sorts OF
our mountains were SO much preferable TOR
a tree of such large dimensions as the wal
nut is known to be.
WHAT HAS BEEN ALREADY DONE.
So far. several small valleys of southern
California, foremost among them the beau
tiful little valley of Los Nietos, with rich
and deep alluvial soil, have enjoyed a mo-
nopoiy of the walnut trade IN California,
and in that part of our State walnut culture
is considered so remunerative, and is out
stripping in such way all other industries,
not excepting orange growing-that that
whole section is being planted into wal
nuts even vineyards being replaced with
walnut orchards. Here We will quote from
the Downey RerielU, paper published In
that part of the State:
The profits of the finest VINEYARD in southern
California will not compare fayoraoly with the
handsome revenue realized from walnut grove
after il has come into full bearing. IN the
meantime, the producer may have the benefits
of the second-best paying crop in the valley
We hope TO see the day, and II is oound 70 come,
when almost the entire Los Nietos valley Will
be one continuous walnut grove, when every
acre adapted to the growth of the walnut Will
be made to produce an average net pront OF
$50 to 500, and when our farmers can sit back
independently and watch their bank accounts
grow from the walnuts alone. Nalnuts may De
grown with less expense than any other crop
known to the people of California
If such is the case in valley where land
| is held at high figures, how much more re-
munerative walnut culture would be on
| land held at such low prices as our foothlil
and mountain land is?
| FERTILIZATION OF THE WALNUT.
But here comes in an interesting point
| in waluut-growing- want of knowledge
1 in relation to which has caused barrenness
as to nut culture with many who have
planted out this class of trees. The cause
| for this will fully explain
With most fruit trees-such as apple
pear, cherry and the ike-the pistil and
stamens, or female and male blossoms Of
the plant, are found on the same flowers
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01
HOMES FOR ALL.
where Homes can be Bought-Good Lo
cations-Cheap Prices.

whore Homes can be BOught-Good LO-
cations-Cheap Prices,
During the next twelve months the num-
her of immigrants that viii come into this
State will be largely in excess OF that OF
any wear since the early SOS, when the
Eastern people focked over the plains
around the Horn and across the isthmus TO
the new Ell Dorado. This is a different .nt
class of immigration than that OF quarter
of a century ago. The first came TO qig q
Golden treasure aud return after a prize
stav to his Eastern home. Inc iattef
comes to build up home, to III our son,
to raise the grains and fruits that produce
SO wonderfully, TO enjoy our beauties q
nature. our delightful climate ana parta.As
of the prosperity that we enjoy in greater
degree than the inhabitants OF any othei
section. of our common country =.
The first question of home seeker !:
where can we locate land, or buy farm
a Leonard & Son, at 1O14 Fourth street
in this civ. can answer all such questions
Here is what Mr.. Leonard said to reporter
q few days since;
awe have large and small tracts OF lane
n all pats Of the State-P1nc1na''y Il
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

IHE OULLOOAs
In walnut culture there is a great future
not only for Central and northern Califor
MIA, but for the whole State. There is
hardly single county in this privileged
State of ours where walnuts cannot be
grown with profit; but we have to take
into consideration the difference of climate
latitude, altitude and the like and bear
well in mind that 2 variety which may dc
well in warm and swell- sheltered valleys
may be unfit to be planted in the less favored
part of our State such as the high altitude
horticultural belt of the Sierras, where
those hardy French kinds, such as Prepar-
turiens, Serotina ard others do so well
bearing to perfection.
Taking all in all. there IS no tree OF fruit
so well adapted to our soil and climate,
from one end of the State to the other, as
the walnut, and from the sea to an altitude
of 1900 feet. And when soil, climate and a
near and unlimited market are Sc favor
able to the growing of that nut, is it not
time to cultivate the tree on a large scale,
planting it along the -oadsides, in fences,
along streams or irrizating bitches. thus
making q treeless, barren country attractive
and profitable. II should also be put out
on the hillsides of our mountains; on the
steep banks of canyons, where walnuts
and cbestnuts grow delightfully."- around
large fields. and here and there. 1t will
not take very long time to have all such
trees come into bearing, and thus add to
the material welfare of the people and the
development of our ever bountiful land.
INoTE.-French hardy and best varieties
not having borne yet in Galifornia.-Fig-
ures Is, is, II, Is and 10.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

tree, if planted in deep and rich soil
W. 3. West, of Stockton, wrote to me
| October 28th Have Just gathered my
| Preparturiens and other French varieties.
| They are fine, exceeding my expectations.
| All those kinds are decidedly hardy. My
old California trees-Los Angeles kind
have not borne anything worth while, ex-
cept one this year, and is evidently fertil-
lied by the Preparedness. They are large,
twenty years old, and ought to have had a
crop long ago"
From the Santa Clara valley come to US
| splendid specimens of nuts borne on FIVE
| year old second generation Proeparturiens.
| A small Serotina walnut about ten years
old in my grounds had quite a crop of a
beautiful, exquisite nut. lSee figure II. ]
But
! THE MOST SURPRISING YIELD OF NUTS
That has come to my notice is from a 30
year-old tree, owned by l.. Charonnat near
Nevada City. This tree the largest Prppar-
| turiens to be found in California or the
United States. was four years old when
planted in 1860. It was then one of those
common Los Angeles walnuts. 1t bore
seventeen nuts in twenty years and eleven
valnuts in one year. 1t YVES grated by
me into the late Preparturiens in the fall
| of 1880. In 1884 that tree, completely trans
| formed into a Preparturiens, bore 627 nuts;
twice as many in 1885 But in 1886 the
| crop was so large that the long branches
were bending down under the burden OF
| the nuts, which could be seen all over the
| tree in punches of two to six. Over $500
nuts were gathered from that tree this year
! QSS6). Mr.. Charonnat has now to cut back
some of the longest limbs for fear that next
year the branches will break down under
the heavy weight of the nuts. The tree is
now &c inches in circumference near the
ground, 81 inches at six feet, So in hight,
with top 90 feet in width. Like true
Preparturiens, it spreads out all round and
bears enormous crops. Speaking of walnut
J growing on the costly lands in the small
| valleys of southern California, here is tree
at 2, 200 feet IN the mountains of the Sierras
| lust transformed from a barren kind into a
most fertile one, and already breaking
| down under the immense weight of its crop
of nuts And also observe that this was
| in the same year that the nut crop of south
ern California has proved failure, only
| a quarter of a crop being reported.
is NOT THE WONDERFUL CHANGE
Brought upon that tree sufficient to prove
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

how well adapted to our very mountains is
walnut culture the moment the right kind
is planted The top of the tree of Mr..
Charonrats, large as il is already, is not
half the size il should be to correspond
with the size of the body 1t likely Will
be, however, in two or three years, when
the crop of nuts will be simply astonish-
ing. Let people owning large barren trees,
as that one of Mr.. Charonnats, follow the
latter's example and graft them into
Preparturiens, OF Serotina, or any of those
perfect blooming sorts, and render barren
kind fertile to excess.
SOME PRACTICAL HINTS.
I would like, before concluding this
sketch on Manufacturing in Central Cali
fornia, to say few words on the planting
and time to coming TO fruit of the walnut.
Some people have an idea that the walnut
does not stand transplanting well, and they
are led into such an opinion through the
Ignorance of some nurserymen. who should
know better. These people think that
one year old that, if older. the
tap root is cut off in transplanting. which
is great injury to the tree. This is en-
tirely incorrect. Walnuts grown in mount
ain land have such a good supply of lateral
roots and hbers that it is immaterial
whether the tap root is cut back or not, or
the tree transplanted at one or FIVE years, or
even more. But in the rich and deep loan
OF our valleys all sorts of walnuts, it is true,
grow nothing else but long smooth tap
root, and of course the total absence of lat
eral roots and fbers renders the transplant
ing of such trees rather hazardous. Let our
nurserymen or nUt-growers, in such a case,
cut Off the tap root of the Walnuts when
one year old to make them throw out lat
eral roots. which is done with a spade and
without taking up the tree; or else let them
put fiat stone under the nut, and about
one foot from the surface, at the time the
nuts are planted, and they will in that way
obtain
BEAUTIFUL ROOTED TREES,
Such as are grown in mountain land. This
is simple, practicable, and should be done
to obtain well-rooted trees and the advice
of nurserymen so little acquainted with
walnut culture, to plant a walnut when
only one year old, should be discarded alto
gether. A walnut can be as safely trans
planted as any other kind of tree, at from
five to seven years And why not plant as
large walnut as we do apple, pear and other
fruit trees, which are planted At least at two
years from the bud or four years from the
root? No fruitgrower would think for
moment of sowing apple or pear seed, and
waiting for supply of fruit for himself or
for market until the seeding came into
bearing. A four-year-old walnut. like
Prmparturiens or Serotina, will bear as
quick as an apple or pear tree of the same
age.
Another point in favor OF walnut culture
is that the tree has an immense advantage
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

| or blossoms. The central portion of the
| blossom, connected directly with the young
| fruit, is called the pistil, while the numer-
GUS threads around the pistil are the sta
mems. The summit of the stamen is called
| the anther, which secretes that powdery
substance called pollen. The pistil has at
its base the embryo fruit, and at its sum-
NIT what is called the stigma. The use of
the stamen is to fertilize the seed or embryo
fruit contained at the base of the pistil,
which is done by some of the dust
secreted by the anther of the
stamens being blown on the
the walnut we find the male blossoms or
stamens altogether separate and at some
distance from the female blossoms or
pistils. The stamens OF the walnut can
well be detected on the trees in dormant
state, consisting of little cone, a quarter
of an inch in length, and generally situated
on the side of small twigs A large bearing
tree has any quantities of them. This little
cone, at the approach of spring and as soon
as the sap flows up in the tree, will swell
by degrees, and when fully developed
measure from three to five inches in length.
This is what is commonly called catkin,
from its resemblance to cats tail. 1t con-
sists of many little flowers or scales ranged
along slender stalk, which secretes fine,
yellow powdery substance, which is scat
tered around by the wind, and which is
made to fertilize the pistils or nuts. ESee
figure 20, a catkin half its natural size. !
As to
THE FEMALE BLOSSOM,
Or seed of the walnut, it generally comes
at the summit of the branches, or small
twigs, of which walnuts grow large qUanti-
ties. They are invariably found on wood
of the previous year or new wood, whether
it is one-eighth of an inch or six feet in
length. The pistils are plainly seen on the
top of the embryo nuts, which are at first
biz as q small nea eithpr single OF in nairS
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

SHASTA PorAToEs Nine tons OF Peach
blow potatoes were dug this season from
an acre on Mr. Roots mountain ranch.
The potatoes could now be sold for $40 per
ron which would make the gross returns
for the one acre $500. The same variety
Of notatoes are now worth IN San Francisco
SIS per ton. We call that a pretty good
showing for our Shasta county markets.
Shasta Ildsr.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01
CHABERrE wALSUr.

nine miles south of Sacramento on the
Sacramento river. Ii is now used ex
clusively for vegetables and garden truck,
and is of the very best land in the State"
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

There is no more widely distributed man
ufacture in California than that of carriage
and wagon building. 1t is an industry
very largely engaged in and growing in
importance constantly. For the vehicles
made in this climate claims are preferred
of special character, because the raw
wood material is seasoned for use here in a
dry climate prior to being worked up.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

Sacramento, Placer Amador, FL Dorado,
,, Iolo, Butte, Suffer, Colusa, Tehama and
Shasta counties-in lots from FIVE acres up
to 5000 acres, at prices ranging from S. TO
$500 per acre. We have stock and dairy
farms, fruit and grain land, grape land and
land ior citrus fruits As a sample, we
would call attention TO farm of 2i5 acres,
situated twenty miles from Sacramento, on
the Costumes river being half bottom
land and half upland The bottom land
will raise alfalfa or corn-is, in fact. regular
garden land-while the upland will grow
any kind of fruit. and is
SUPERIOR GRAPE LAND.
But we would especially recommend this
place for stock or dairy farm. There is a
good dwelling and two large barns there
The price is $, 500 The bottom land alone
Is worth the money.
For those who would Ike to go into
the stock business on a large scale, We have
1850 acres bordering on the Costumes
river, about twenty-five miles from Sacra-
mento. This piece has between 300 and
400 acres of bottom land about the same
amount of level upland, and the balance
rolling pasture land. There is one good
dwelling and four cheap ones, and a large
barn. One hundred and fifty head of stock
and fifteen horses. and agricultural imple-
ments go with the place. Price. $4,000
I'VE also have /, 100 acres IN Nolo county,
thirty-fiye miles from Sacramento 500
acres of which IS good grain or fruit land,
400 acres low rolling bills, and the balance
pasture land. all under fence three small
dwellings barn small orchard and vine
yard. Price. $4,000.
"For a small orchard, vineyard or berry
farm, we have ten acres just outside of Sac
ramento city, one ana a half miles. for
S1,700; unimproved.
Near the town Of Florin. nine miles
from Sacramento city, on the railroad, can
be bought ten, twenty Or forty-acre tracts
of
THE VERY FINEST GRAPE LAND,
At $50 per acre, unimproved
Near Penryn, Placer county, which is
q direct shipping point for the East, can be
bought small or large tracts of unim proved
land, which cannot be excelled anywhere
in the State for the cultivation of oranges
and other citrus fruits.
There are cheaper lands in the same
vicinity that cannot be excelled for vine
yard, that can be bought of US for $50 or S25
per acre.
The following, for stock or general
farming, is a-great bargain: Three hun
dred and twenty acres twelve miles from
Suffer Creek, Amador county. Title to
100 acres; other 100 acres is pre-empted
seller will abandon homestead 10 favor of
purchaser. Twenty acres in fruit trees and
vines, and 40 acres in wheat. Together with
personal property, including 30 head of
cattle and one blOoded colt, all for s., 800.
I've would also ike TO call attention to
a piece of choice bottom land of so acres,
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01
THE WALNUT.
IT'S PLANTING AND CULTIVATION
FOR PROFIT.
Best Varieties Adapted for Central
and Northern California-A Very
Profitably Industry.
IBy Felix Gillet, of Nevada City.


Foremost among the nut trees of all |
kinds may be placed the English walnut |
that noblest type of the walnut family, to |
which was given by the Romans, when |
they first introduced it into Europe from |
Persia, eighteen centuries ago. the proud |
name of Jugians regid, or Joye's royal tree. |
Indeed, there are few trees so valuable for |
cultivation, and yielding such large profits, |
everything considered, as the Juglaas |
regia. The profits arise from its nuts, oil |
and wood; everything with that noble tree
is put to some important use.
The commerce of its nuts in some parts |
of Europe is immense, the United States |
alone importing millions of pounds of
them, and its superb wood of universal use
among cabinet-makers. gunsmiths, car
rlage-makers, etc. places 1t to-day at the |
head of the long list of precious woods. In
fact among all our various branches of |
pomology there is none that deserves TO
such an extent the attention of our fruit
growers and vineyardists, as the culture of /
the walnut.
There is no tree so hardy, and so well
adapted to both our soil and climate as the
walnut. No crop is so easily gathered as
nuts, and they may be kept any length of
10 take advantage OF the market.
ANOTHER POINT IN WALNUT CULTURE
Is, that the gathering of its nuts which
place right after other fruit crops have been
posed OF, can very well be done by women
children, for it is the easiest kind of emf
ment 10 gather the nuts after they have droI
out of the hull.
During the last twelve or fifteen years
repeatedly called the attention of fruit-groy
DESTROYS OF planting walnuts, to this fact, tina
walnut was, of all trees much like the 81
in that it took kindly to any kind of
and was eminently adapted to our ent
range of mountains, where the land was
much less fitted to the raising of cereals ant
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

have introduced into this country, and
upon which we have been experimenting
| right along since 1870, are the Prepar-
! turiens, or Fertile, Serotina, Cluster,
Mayette. Chaberte, Parisienne. Cant,
Franquette, Mesange and several other less
| conspicuous sorts. We had in such a
study and experiments to go slow, and
| after planting nut wait as much as to 10
| years before coming to result. We found
out long ago that the second generation
| Pr9parturiens, or trees grown from nuts
borne on the original tree. were perfect
| boomers. carrying along with them, be-
| sides, the main characteristics of the
Preparations. that of being prococious
| and bearing enormous crops. But we had
| to wait till 1886 to find out that the. third
| generation Pr9parturiens-or trees grown
| from nuts borne on second generation
| trees-Franquette, Serotina Mesarge and
other kinds were also perfect boomers.
THUS WAS THE PROBLEM SOLVED,
And varieties found to be such perfect
boomers as to permit us in this part Of the
State to engage very reTnunerstively IN
business which heretofore had been re-
garded as an Improbable one. A few ex-
amples will suffice to show how wonder
fully adapted to the soil and climate of
Central and northern California these per
| feet blooming varieties of Europe are.
Upon my own place-and let it be re-
membered that Nevada City IS situated in
the mountains at 2, 100 feet above the level
OF the sea, with the summit of the Sierras
almost in sight-we had this summer sew
eral hundred Pr9parturiens trees in nursery
, rows, two and three years old, with one to
| four nuts on and they were observed by
visitors as great wonder, in bearing while
so small. [See figures /, 2, 3, 4, 5, g.
An eight-year-old tree, quite crooked and
planted for that reason in place among
rocks, yielded this year couple of pounds
of nuts.
Edward Muller, on Commercial street,
Nevada City, gathered 264 nuts on a second
ration of PrGparturiens that Just commenced
ing.
hn Ducray, on an old abandoned mining
a, or bedrock, had over 200 nuts from a
generation Pr9parturiens.
orge Victor, high up in the mountains, at
h Bloomfield, twelve miles north of Nevada
has had an eight-year-old, second genera
in bearing year ago, with
al hundred nuts for a start.
S. Fish, of Martinez, Contra Costa county,
cred this year thirty-twO pounds of nuts
q second generation Preparturiens about
years of age. Mr.. Fish's place is not well
ted to walnuts, said our informant, the
being only three to four feet deep, under
with an imperyious hard pan, which grape
cannot penetrate. We would ask what
had been the growth and yield of that
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

Stoye-making is new industry in Cali.
fornia but has met with q fair share OF
success, though Eastern competition is
powerful.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

over apple and pear trees-to be entirely
free of insect pests, and besides. to give less
trouble in raising the trees, and gathering,
keeping and marketing the crop.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

These tracts are offered for sale on terms
that can hardly fail to attract purchasers of
small means. Price per acre, twenty dol
lars. Purchaser has option of paying cash,
or part cash, balance on term mortgage; or,
if desired, no payment will be required till
the end of FIVE years Except interest, at
seven per cent. per annum).
The agent of this property is Charles r
Parsons, of Sacramento. to whom all per
sons are referred in search of further in
formation in detail regarding this favored
spot.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

Great oeks grow to an unusually large
size on the banks of the river, affording
ample fuel for years to come. The cost is
almost nothing There is sufficient timber
now on the land to answer the wants of all
colonists. This is another essential feature
of the property. The close proximity to
railroad stations affords easy market for all
demands of the settlers for lumber and
building material
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-01-01

The Mokelumne river skirts along the
eastern and southern boundary of the
colony, and offers every facility for water.
The water taken from the Sub, strata is pure,
clear, sparkling and delicious. and can be
obtained in almost any quantity at COM
paratiyely low cost.
A great reservoir of water extends under
the loan lands, and is an never failing sup
ply Of water to this district. Whether the
year is unusually dry or unusually wet, no
difference is discovered in the underground
water level. Its source is in perennial and
eternal fountains.