New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-07-17

position OF the new company secm u NC sneoo' Aho
electrical transmission OF speech can occur theoretically
in two ways First, by of continuous current
which varies in intensity unduates in correspondence
to tho varying density Of the atmospheric sound waves
In motion by the voice. second by means OF inter-
mittent currents, current chopped up into lengths
sound waves
The first method Is covered squarey and completely by
the Bell patent Of 1875 The second covered as fully
by the patent of last April The first can be done
in many ways, by vibrating a diaphragm before an
and thus varying the current In the coll
of wire that magnet in the Bell instruments by
varying the compression OF piece Of carbon and con-
sequenty the of current passing through It, as
in the Edison and many other telephones by varying
the area contact between two electrodes and thus
controlling the amount of transmitted or In any
one of number Of other known ways The whole OF
these they comprise all the hitherto known
practical means OF transmitting speechare covered by
the "bedrock" patent granted to Mr. Bell In the in
fancy Of the art Now instead OF controlling the entire
Kingdom Mr. Bell Is requested to restrict himself to one
province-that Of the unduatory current-whe MT
Boua undertakes rule the sister province OF equal
of the pusatory current In that his
patent makes him ruler of despotic sway as that
enjoyed the last by Professor Bell and still
enjoyed by him In hts particular bailiwick
The make and break " idea the first one seized
upon by explorers In telephone field In 1861 Ress
OF Germany, produced apparatus that would transmit
musical note and said by TO have reproduced
few articulate words But the Reiss and his dis
cples experimental the dumber his telephone grew TILL
IL was given up In disgust Mr.. BOuta devised new
means for carrying the old idea and his telephone
certainly the most unbushng and accurate teaie that
ever listened at keyhole No whisper Is 80 low as 10
miss its sensitive and escape conscientious repet
ton No popularity OF tone infection avoids Its
notice
The internal organsmlof the transmitteS as revealed
by the various disembowelled instruments scattered
about the office is simplicity ITSELF The vibrating dia-
phragm which Of necessity In every form OF
telephone carries projection on Its back ball about
the OF pea rolls down inclined trough and rests
against this projection. The diaphragm ana ts pro-
lection are connected with one wire Of an electric
circuit the trough, and consequently the little ball
rolling therein are connected with the other wire When
the ball rolls down against the projection the circuit
complete and current passes When the bali Is kicked
up the trough by outward vibration Of the diaphragm
the is destroyed and the circuit broken Then
there is no current This rapid pulsing OF the cur
rent controlled by the voice. reproduces the artculaed
sounds I'm a receiver OF suitable construction placed
anywhere in the circuit The principle OF operation as
explained by the inventor Is In short this: The ba TENDS
IN roll down the trough with q uniform pressure,
dependent on the inclination Of the trough This In
clination can be adjusted by suitable screws Conse
quenty the ball against the diaphragm projection
with uniform whether the diaphragm vibrAtes
widely or restrctedly Whenever the diaphragm slows
up in Its motion reverses, the ball carried away
from II by Its own momentum and contact Is broKen
In the ess apparatus where the two electrodes were
pressed together by spring this pressure varied OF
course according the amplitude OF the daphragms
vibration. That Is II the diaphragm swung out rurther
the spring was strained greater tension, and there
was less certainty of the contact being broken and the
necessary pulstion OF the current being caused When
the uniform force OF gravity Is substituted for the
spring the wing eecrode Is sensitive TO every one OF
k,oJ fap Aat1 fha
overtones the qualities Of information and infection
that distinguish articulate speech from pure musical
note are faithfully reproduced.
The experiments with the instruments seemed TO be
highly satisfactory the visitors One circuit included
two rooms with instruments Joined by about five miles
Of outside wire and the other multiple system talking
through $500 miles Of resistance coils Several OF the
trsesmtters and the heflons began. The voice Of
the who was talking In the other room came oeat
It, Whether his voice was pitched high or low wnetaer
ns s the familiar pecaarties Of
alton recognizable t seemed 10 make Iittie ainer
monthpece the instrument always did It's work and ed
it we'll The climax when each person turned MS
ga the ak feet Of cable running receiver
would let HIM then talking AWAY onss she neihsr
having any difficulty in understandings the other
All in he tried this sna sas SIh ac cy in
hearing and being heard whether 70 tne use
Of them ,Ss .O ps at ear while
tartan shouts failed to make instrument stutter
mtasr and the bali slsctrode could be Jumping
about like pea In skillet when the conversation oe.
Is actually broken many tme. the transmission q
speech various KINDS OF apparatus nave psen aevia
tern throws its silhouette Qua screen Ihen, wnen =
ngunged assistant or doubling spectator quoted
tSs SHADOW Of the bali eectrode iickered about the
screen showing considerable space between II ana the
rraphcd in ali positions by the instsntansou, method
and regular series OF the v oSSsar SHOWS t.is
s snayi"s sounder was put in the - circuit
h ns sUasd.r clicked away merr Blake ran.mer
in working similarly failed sgnay 20 move
yentor proves that the circuit is being
and that transmission Of speech whlchis certalnya
40 sainsd by the agency Of broken currennot BY
a continuous undulatory one A.. p.,,. ..,.r,ora
is that cure any strength can be used ana Tue
speech transmission be equally positive aud M n
ven,or discovered in actual use wonderful irss
dom from nducve Iss reason inc asS nS
cracks when g.unerng subscriber most wishes 10
and be understood s that inc n rs
that cover the city like mosquito netting totally over
the weak little teePnon. current ,ss .Ra sSS 'nI
said that the powerful battery current Of the Bouta APP
psratus sCs: right sl0ns .c Sss'a' of cleo
t ads light wires and telegraph line: Thi.
w greatly s1o,a pr the uay nductvs Influences Of
the collection OF wires 70 DC put Ia onS cv
auit constitute the main difficulty to be overcome In
A the principle Of action is here said to consist OF
moments OF its full power and then
Of no current at ALL it follows that through Msatevsr
length of wire the current force ITSELF this
viii still be percsptble and the insirumont VIII @
successfully with the nntssma variations o. S snd
rant in the unduatory theory external nhuencss SUI
Internal resstances effacs the dlstncVe
ics .tven no the current by tho vibrating diapnrhg
and the unduatory current telephone only WORKS praS
| caIiv over limited distances. Mr.. Bouta exnlpe9
c, form Of his ransnitter designed for great as
iances Instead OF carrying only one INT OF pC,ec
ion the Sapnras% ec,r I'D n' has It's correspondence bali
ecctrode resting against it. Each set has It's sopsrao
| c,rcut and separate Jar OF battery. When person
sneats To this big not one but nail sdozcn
| eierfrc circuits arc made ana DroRen' ana tneif
Currents choLped up into corresponding sections All