, 1887-05-27
PROCESS o. aAlslN sAk,na.

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4 Correspondent Presents = CaiIfornia
FruIt Grower. Account oil tho Basiness.
In concluding my description of raisin
producing in California / herewith pre-
sent an account Of the process of raisin
making, kindly furnished me by a promi-
hent fruit grower of Riverside:
THE sun laved shores of the Mediter-
ranean offer TO the vine no finer soil and
climate than the warm plains of Cali
fornia. The abundant water supply
from the snow filed canyons Of the
mighty Sierras gives health to the vine
and size TO the berries, while the long
summer heat fills the grape with hscious-
ness. When the early September days
pour q torrid heat upon the plains the
rich clusters put on a golden tint, the
royal amber OF fun ripeness. Sun and
water and warmth can do no more; the
vintage time has come. To make sweet
%raisins, filed with Jelly and Of a fine
brown color, it is important that the
grapes should show this yellow color.
Picking early, SO as to be first in the
market, does not mean good raisins. The
grapes when thus ripened are carefully
cut from the vine and laid upon small
pla65rms made OF smooth sugar pine,
and raised from the ground by inch
cleats. These platforms are three feet
long and two feet wide, and are capable
of holding from twenty to twenty-five
pounds of green grapes. They are then
placed on the open spaces between the
rows Of vines, and left for the action of
the sun and air. In picking the grapes
care should be taken not to handle the
punches 50 as to rub off the delicate
bloom.
. t.Tn nina dave ofka- .sof~ir-. A. -.
are sufficiently dry on the upper side to
admit Of turning over. This is done by
placing an empty platform ON a filed one
and reversing quickly. If skillfully done
no fruit will be thrown off. In five or
six days after turning the raisins are
sufficiently cured to be removed from
the platforms. This is really the only
delicate part Of the whole business, re
quirihg much judgment; the more cure
thu better raisins. II the raisins have
part OF their juices still liquid uncon-
verted into jelly, 80 that q drop can be
squeezed out by Pressing the raisin be-
tween the thumb and finger, they are
unfit to be put into the sweat box as
they will eventually mold or sour after
packing, and il too much dried the con-
sumner will never know the d~eliciousness
OF properly cured ~raisins; therefore q
careful inspection of each tray must be
made and imperfectly dried raisins re-
moved, after which all dust and dirt
mus be vigorously famed from the tray.
They are now carefully slipped from the
tray into large boxes called sweat boxes,
which are three feet long, two feet wide
and one foot deep. After a layer (con-
sisting OF the contents Of three or four
platforms) has been placed in the box q
large sheet of manila paper is laid upon
them, her another layer Of raisins and
paper alternately, until the box Is filed.
THE boxes are now taken from the
vineyard to some cool building, and al
lowed to stand from two weeks to a
mont The moisture passes into the
stems, making them Apliable, and an equi-
hbuum is established through all the
raisins in h box. AT the end of the
proper curing time the 1raisins pass into
the hands of the packers. These pack
from the layers on the manila paper into
galvanized iron trays, fitting comfortably
into the boxes which goto market. These
trays have false wooden bottoms, and are
all balanced on the scales before packing.
All imperfect raisins and superabundant
stems are cut cut from the punches, which
are then neatly placed in the trays until
they contain five pounds of fruit. They
are then pressed in q lever press. The
fancy paper wrapper is now placed upon
the iron tray, u steel plate put over
that, and all reversed over the box in
which they are to be packed; the slide is
removed, when the compact, five pound
layer, with its paper wrapping, falls into
the box; the paper is folded over, and the
box is ready for its successive layers.
The standard California box holds
four layers, or twenty pounds. When
all the layers are in the box a fancy label
is placed upon the top, the cover nailed
on, n the cover stenciled with the own
er's name. This constitutes a box of
table raisins. All small, loose raisins are
packed as cooking raisins' according to
the option of the packer. There seems
to be no good reason why California
should not produce raisins equal to old
Spain, when we learn that the best re-
suits follow the greatest care in details.
We must not forget that Spain has had
centuries of experience, which has been
transmitted from generation to genera
ton, while we are novices in the business
with all things TO learn. BEN G. Tru-
man in New York Times.
.HH" &C..