davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Destroying Farm Lics-Wintsr Care Of
Ninurs-Things to Think Oh.
FMtiIizing With Clovsr-Growing Potatoes
Wood and Coal Ash.s-WEm Water.
Tbs Care Of Hursts-Wintsr Care Of Hogs
Care Of Poultry.
Cattle Feeding in the Various Seasons
Household Hints-Live Stock Notes
Items for Farmers, Etc.
Dastrorinr Plant Lice.


Many experiments have been made here
for the destruction Of the aphides, or plsnt
lice, writes @. p. Gillette, of the Michigan
Agricultural College, in the Rural New
Yorker. A few remedies that have given
best results are here mentioned. Tobacco
stems are used for fumigating our green
house with excellent results. Some OF the
lice will be in protected places and escape
and, as they multiply very rapidly, the
operation will have to be repeated every
two or three weeks, or possibly oftener. II
W. T. S. had followed his first fumigation
with the second one twenty-four hours later,
the lice would probably have been nearly
all destroyed. Kerosene emulsion has been
applied here to the lice with bat very slight
results for the first pplication; bat
but the second application
the following day killed nearly
every louise. / know OF no cheaper or
more effective remedy for destroying lice
in greenhouses than the use of tobacco
fumes. On out-of-door plants l have used
kerosene emulsion, whale-oil soap and
strong soap suds with excellent results. The
emulsion is prepared by putting together
one part OF kerosene, two parts OF stTnog
soft soap and three parts OF wster. The
mixtnre is then thoroughly agitated by
using q force pump and pumping the ma
teriGl with much force through a small
nozzle back into the dish containing it
until thoroughly emulsihed. Ten parts
of water are then added and the emulsion
is ready to be applied by means OF sprink-
with lice. II this strength injuries delicate
foliage dilute with water. Whale oil soap,
one-hsf pound to four gallons of water.
and common soft soap, one Of soap to four
or five OF water, have proven in some cases
equal to the kerosene emulsion.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
ssqueai of n Small Mistake.
Gazette du Midi.

A merchant in Marseilles once wrote TO
correspondent on the coast of Africa ask
ing him to send him at his convenience two
or three monkeys OF the rRrest and most
valuable species. As chance would have
il, our merchant, in stating the.uumber,
wrote the on (or) between the figures and
3 with very small and a diminutive u.
How great events may issue from small
causes will appear from the sequel. A few
months passed over, when at last mes
senger was sent from the harbor to inform
the merchant that his menagerie had
landed. "My meuagerie" was the aston
ished reply. Yes, a menagerie; In fact, a
whole cargo of monkeys has come for
you" The merchant could not believe
the man until a letter was delivered to him
from his friend in Africa, person Of the
most scrupulous exactness, in which he
gravely ap0logized for his having been I'M
able, Notwithstanding all his efforts, to pro-
cure more than 160 monkeys instead OF 203
as ordered, but promised to forward the
remainder as soon as possible. Imagine
the feelings of the merchant on going down
to the port to convince himself with his
own eyes Of the existence of his 160 mon
keys, which were all comfortably housed
and which grinned at him through the
bars of their cages. 1t was one OF those
moments in lifetime when man hardly
knows whether to laugh or weep.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
The Origin of Chestnut.
Philadelphia Press,

Mr.. Joseph Jefferson Is responsible for
the latest explanation OF the word "ches'-
nut" He attributes the introduction OF
the word in its slang sense to Mr.. William
Warren, the veteran comedian OF Boston,
"There is a melodrama." Mr.. Jefferson
said to Press reporter, but little known
10 the present generation, written by Will.
lam Dillon and called The Broken Sword.
There were two characters in it; one q
Captain Zavier and the other the comedy
part OF Pablo. The Captain is sort
OF Baron Munchausen, and in telling OF
his exploits, saye: Il entered the woods of
Collaway. when suddenly from the thick
boughs of q cork tree'-Pablo interrupts
him with the words "A chestnut, Captain
a chestnut 'Bahl replies the Captain,
BOBBY, 1 say q cork tree
"a chestnut reiterates Pablo. i
should know as well as you, having heard
YOU tell the tale these tWsnty-seven times.
William Warren, who had often played
the part of Pablo, was at stag din
ner' two years ago, when one of the
gentlemen present told a story of doubt.
ful age and originality. A chestnut,
murmured Mr.. Warren, quoting from the
play, Il have heard you tell the tale these
tyenty.seven tines The application oil
the lines pleased the rest of the table, and
when the party broke up each helped to
sperad the story and Mr.. Warren's com
mentsry. And that" concluded Mr.. JEFF
ferson, lis what really believe to be the
origin Of the word chestnut"
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Household Hints,

Fried eggs-To fry eggs tender, put one
teaspoonful of meat drippings in the pan,
break and drop in the eggs, salt and cover
close with lid until they get white on
top.
Boiled icing-Three cups of white gran
ulsted sugar, one cup OF water; boil TO q
clear syrup. beat the whites of four eggs
to stiff froth, pour into the hot syrup,
stir frequently while boiling. The cake
should be cold before icing.
Sage pudding-Boil five tablespoonfuIs
ssgo, well picked and washed, in one quart
OF milk till quite soft, with a stick Of Gin
namon; stir in one teacup of butter and
two OF white sugar when cold, add six
eggs well beaten and nutmeg to taste. Mix
all well together and bake in q butter dish
three-quarters Of an hour,
Cream cake-0ne cup of butter, two cups
Of sugar, whites Of two eggs, three aud
hall cups OF -four, one cup OF sweet milk,
one teaspoonful OF soda, one teaspoonful
Of cream OF tartar. For the cream: One
pint of sweet milk, sweetened to taste,
yclks OF three eggs, thicken with flour TO
the consistency of custard, flavor with
lemon. This amount makes two good
sized cakes.
Chocolate custard-O le-fourth OF a cake
Of chocolate, one pint OF boiling water, six
eggs, enc quart OF milk, one-half cup of
white sugar, two teaspoons of vanilla. Dis
solve the chocolate in very little milk,
siir into the boiling water and boil three
minutes. When nearly cold add the
beaten eggs, stir into the milk, flavor and
pour in caps get in boiling water and bake.
Oyster oquettes-Scald and chop fine
the hard part of the oysters (leaving the
other part and liquor for soup); add an
canal uafuht Of aahaN 10
pound OF this ado q lump OF butter the
see OF an egg, a teaspoon OF salt, half
teaspoon OF pepper and quarter of a tea
cup OF cream, Make in small cakes, dip
in egg and then in bread and crumbs, and
| fry like doughnuts.
Baked omelet-Take six eggs, three even
| s0oonfuls OF lour, a little salt, aud beat
them well together-the more It is beaten
the lighter it will be-then add one pint oil
not milk and keep on beating. Have Q
hot dish with some melted butter the siz:
| of an egg, and put into the oven. Bake
twenty minutes, and eat it when it comel
from the oven for II will fall soon. ThiI
is very nice for breakfast.
Woodford pldding-Three eggs, one tea
cup sugar, onehalf teacup butter, one-hal
teacup -four, one teacup jam or preserves
scant teaspoon soda, dissolved in three tea
spoons sour milk, mix well and bake
slowly. Sauce: one egg, one large cur
sugar, one small cup butter, mixwell anC
put on stove and stir until melted, add tea
spoon wine, brandy or whisky, and pou
on Immediately.
Bread pudding-0ne quart Of grated
breadcrumbs, one quart milk, yolks o
four eggs, well beaten, butter size OF al
egg, one cup OF sugar, two teaspoons bak
ing powder, and two teaspoons extract o
lemons; mix ell well together and bake
beat the whites of the eggs with a cup o
powdered sugar, flavor with one teaspoon
full extract OF lemon, or orange, cover tn
pudding with and bake until Drowned
little.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Winter Care of Hogs.

Do not over-fatten. Thin, msaty pork Is
best for use and for sale. The las. of the
feeding puts on the least weight aud Of
course costs most while Il makes the least
money. Early marketing Is, es a rule re
most profitable for the seller. Store pigs
are more healthful running at large In g lot
with "dug.out" for shelter than IN or.
binary pens. Nothing else IL so healthful
for pigs as a dry earth bed. The most
growth is made from mixed feed. Corn is
the basis, but bran, shorts and potatoes
make better and cheaper meat.
Young pigs should get ali tho waste milk,
Milk and bran with boiled potatoes will
force them on better than any other food.
Where waste flesh is to be procured this is
useful for pigs. Glover hay or corn fodder,
cut, wetted and mixed with some meal, is
excellent for pigs, both young and old.
Southern stock keepers whose cattle and
pigs run in the forest range will do we'll to
feed some fodder or corn. Corn is cheap,
and an ear or two daily for each head will
keep up the weight. But stock OF all kinds
should be kept growing and they will not
grow without ample food. With good feed
ing stock may be reared more chesply In
the South than anywhere else. Southern
farmers will do well to consider il they
cannot better feed their stock we'll and
keep them growing through the mild,
pleasant winter and save the manure made
Tor their fields than half starve their ani.
mails and have only one years growth at
two ears of age Rural New Yorker.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Worm Water I'M Hinter.

The Farm, Field and Stockman has
steadfastly advocated warm water in win
ter for live stock, and especially for dairy
cattle; for dairy stock, because any chill
to the nervous system is fatal to the milk
dow, and for the reason that ii creates
chill, and as a consequence disorganiza
to the system generally, and also from the
fact that the milk flow is taken directly
from the blood. Upon this question and
directly IN the line we have previously
stated, the United States Dairyman states
a. follows:
In the brook the temperature is likely to
he about 40 degrees; in the pond. IL shall
low, 1t may run up to 80 degrees. These
facts are suggested here by the experiments
made at the Kansas Agricultural Expert
ment Station, which showed that when
cows are given water at the temperature OF
80 degrees they yield 81 Der cent more
milk than when given water at 40 degrees.
We think that, as q general thing, the diff
ference will be found even greater than
this, especially when the temperature OF
the water is ran down to the freezing
point, as is generally the case when
cows drinks out OF frozen troughs or
streams. Nothing can be more certain
than that when COWS are kept warm and
comfortable they turn out the most milk
and OF the best quality.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Cattle Feeding.
American Cultivation


Each season certain questions arise TO the
thinking farmer In regard TO feeding his
horses and cattle, and II he settles them In
his mind to his satisfaction in one season
he is apt to find himself In doubt before
the close Of another season, as some slight
changes In conditions produces an unex-
pected change In result. Perhaps q few
facts can be considered as definitely set.
tied or 90 nearly 30 that practical feeders
are agreed upon them. Whether for work
ing or driving horses, COWS in milk or grow
ing stock, IL Is more profitable to give some
grain with coarse fodder than to feed upon
nay alone, even when the hay is Of
the best quality. IL the hay is of
poor quality, or straw, corn fod-
der or ensilage is substituted for Il wholly
or in part, there must be an increase in
the amount Of grain given, as it must be
richer in certain elements that are diff
Gent in the coarse fodder; that H. the fat.
forming elements. There is q very general
idea that these elements abound In cotton
seed meal, oilcake and cornmeal, that oats
and wheat bran are better adapted to pro-
ducing muscle and bone than fat meat or
rich cream. SO much we thiRk we know,
but how much OF these grains may be fed
prcfitably and without danger to the
health OF the animal, how we shall vary
them for different animals, or how mix
them to form perfect food Tor all or for
one animal, We know not. There are too
many varying conditions for any one To
prescribe fomula for all. II needs ..
watchful eye 10 note the results OF any
changes.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21

and then blaming the railroads, the mo-
nopolies and the tariff for his bad fortune,
not once dreaming that he himself is
mostly to blame because he carse so little
for knowledge and the experience OF others
when i ( can be had so cheaply.
Then think how foolish ii is to say that
paper that is trying to build up practical
success on the farm and enlarge the power
of the farmer to help himself, is not a true
friend OF the farmer because 1t is not ever
lsstingly bowling about monopolies.
Remember, success, like charity be
Gins at home"
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Care of Poultry.

Mr.. @. w. kellogg, OF Ohio, a practical
poultry-keeper, writes to the Farmer of
that State in relation to the care OF ponl-
try, from which We excerpt the following
from among othor practical advice:
Hens are a nuisance about grain and a
bay barn, and II they have a house and
yard Of their own, they have no business
in the barn. Their feeding can be better
regulated; fewer eggs are lost or broken,
and the parasite nuisance is rem
dered more manageable. The hens
sit and hatcn with less
disturbance. The hen-house should stand
in a convenient place. The size must cor
II possible, the walls should be plastered,
so they can be whitewasbed in fall and
spring. good gravel floor, with the
foundation walls laid in mortar, will be
proof sgainst rats and vermin. Good ven.
tilation is necessary, and should be on top.
Cleanliness is necessary to insure the health
OF the fowls, Plenty OF glass windows are
absolutely necessary to make 1t pleasant
for them.
Diseases common to poultry can, in
great many instances, &c prevented oy
providing warm, dry and clean quarters.
Keeping too many fowls in one place is
apt TO bring on disease. This should be
avoided. Onions chopped fac aud mixed
with their food Is good for their health IL
AtNtlg fuiRuui piNAlA bo ktNlu III
winter. When they have roup or diph.
liberia, give half a teasp Jonfut OF keroseus
Open the bill and turn from spoon.
Lime and ashes should ALWAYS be kept by
them. A little salt occasionally ia tbeir
| food is good for their health.
In winter, apples, turnips and canasg 8
chopped fine will be beneficial. Strict at
| tentio ton all the little details in the man
| egement OF poultry will be amply reward
ed in production Of eggs. Care must be
/ taken in marketing that they are fresh
| laid. The thirty dozen crate is perhaps
the safest thing yet invented. Small nun.
bers can be safely certed in the common
market basket, If packed in oats or fine
cut straw.
In dressing poultry for the market
| great care is necessary, particularly
In scalding. Too hot or cold water
Will give the bird a bad appearance
and will be apt to reduce the price.
Dressing poultry for the market
should be done by experienced hands
The rich yellow color, so much admired
by buyers, must not be damaged by dress
ing. The loose skin on the neck must bI
drawn over the end OF the neck and care
fully tied. All blood should be carefully
wiped off, 60 they will look clean anC
tidy. Looks go great way, especially il
eatsbles. little colnmon-sense combines
with good judgement will tell every tim
in all our business, whether II be chicken
raising or any other branch of farming b.
which we obtain our livelihood. Care an
watchfulness should be our motto always
FERN, Field and Stockman.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Growing Pntntnas

/ see, says a writer in the Farm and
Mirror, some of your patrons give this
ssason's experience in raising potatoes.
will give mine, for the reason that we
must do something that we have not done
la raising that crop, and we must il posi-
be find what principle to 20 on, or we
shall lose the potato crop. Any one fifty
years Of age knows that potatoes have
steadily decreased ia their general yield
during the last thirty years, and there Is no
crop that has had so many experiments
tried IN its cultivation. planted over
twenty acres OF good dry land, grAvelly
loan, to the Pearl OF Savoy; got them in
the last week OF April. Dat stubble
on onethird OF the piece and plowed in
the manure. about twenty loads TO the
scre. One-third of the piece had lodged
clover hay on 1t last year. began digging
and selling the lst OF July for 81 per
bushel and kept on selling about twice
week until we dug all but the stubble part
Of the lot. By the middle OF August one
acre was dug. sold about seventy bush.
els OF sorted potatoes. None OF my neigh
bors have done so well, and they were the
best TO eat as we'll as in looks OF ary have
seen. Now this acre ought TO have yielded
200 bushels. The best end of the lot was
on the clover sod. We planted In hills
/ fifteen inches apart. putting one whole or
bali of a potato in place. hoed them
bhtOts leie II tue tA pctlcuCo VI tnl5 oesL
/ acre | have one and half planted on
moist land slopinR to the east and not
worth digging. / have piece OF the
same Size, and slopes 10 the north. l shall
/ get fifty bushels. Tue question is, what
course are we going to take to keep pota-
toes with US? We are told that winter
wheat was raised on new land in many
parts OF Connecticut in years gone by.
| Now oil the wheat that is raised Is spring
wheat Repeated trials prove that winter
wheat cannot be raised in the same locali.
~. Have potatoes had their day. An &C.
quaintance, right from visit to Salt Lake
City, took pains to see all he could OF
Utah in a short visit, and he saw potatoes
dug while there that yielded GOO and zoe
bushels to the acre, and saw them weighed
at the stores that weighed as high as four
pounds each, and were too rank and coarse
10 eat we'll. This shows that there may bC
causes that can be explained for the decay
Of our potato crop. My opinion is tina
,oiatoes have had their day in our olC
states.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
FertilizinE with Glover.
Philadelphia Record.

A correspondent requests Information Ia
regard 10 how best to fertilize with clover,
and whether IL should grow to certain
height. to be used as pasture, or cut as hay
before blowing under. There are several
modes OF fertilizing with clover. One is
simply 10 use q clover crop in rotation,
the simple occupancy OF the land by the
clover being beneficial, IS the sod must
always be turned under before another crop
can be grown. To pillow under a crop OF
growing clover that can be cut as nay Will
be objected to by farmers, as they will not
willingly make such a direct sacrihce.
Nor are they required to do 80. The object
in advocating the advantages OF growing a
crop of clover Is to induce a larger number
of farmers to grow more OF 1t.
If sown on wheat land, aud =
good stand be secured, the clover
will occupy the land after the wheat shall
be OF, and may be used for any purposes
desired, either as pssturagg or 70 hsyi but
fertilizing of the soil is dOse By the dec "
of the roots after the sod shall have been
ploughed under. IL Is properly OF clover
to secure ammonia mostly from the air,
and not from the soil. The proof of this
fact is shown by the large amount OF nj
trogen OF clover; yet IL thrive5 best on
soil rich II potash and lime. Th)ngh
containing nitrogen in great proportion,
yet IL Is not Deneute1 DY app lChLlOnb o.
fertilizers containing nitrogen, thus dem
onstratiDg that II derives the greater pro.
portion OF its nitrogen from the otmos-
pheYe, which is stored largely in the roots
by the plant, while the mineral mstter is
derived from the soil II the farmer,
therefore, will grow crop of clover on the
same land every four years, he will fertil-
lie the land with the nitrogen taken from
the atmosphere, thus enrichlng his
soil with that which will cost him but
very little, and he may cut his crop
and dispose of ii, provided he shall plough
under the sod and thus utilize the roots.
II an application OF lime and wood ashes
be made on the land annually, the farmer
need not be compelled to purchase nitro
ceDeous fertilizers at all, and these advan-
tsges he will secure by simply growing the
crop on the land. If, however, he should
prefer TO seed down to clover in the spring,
cut the first growth the next season, and
then plough under the second growth
when the clover shall be from six inches
to one foot high, he will add additional
green manurial matter to the soil, bat
without ploughipg under anything but the
sod, after all the crop shall have been Sc
cured the land will still be benefited, pro.
yided the mineral elements (which ara not
costly be supplied, such as lime and pot.
ash, but more so IL ground bone be also
added. II is the rotation of crops that
prevents loss OF fertility.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1887-12-21
Things TO Think OF.

I'm dairying he who sells butter at com
mon prices, which is made from milk pro
duced from common COWS, ted the com
mon way, will never rise to comfortable
circumstances, but lead ahard life OF toll
all his days"
Get out of the deep, worn rut of your
preiudices. Stand up and look the prob
lem Of better success square in the face
like man OF pluck and brains. Don't
whine about monopolies as long as you
don't do anything for yourself on your
farm.
Mouoplies are bad enough. Corrupt off.
cials are bad enough. High texes ara bad
enough. All these outside evils are bad
enough, the Lord kneWs, but to sink down
in indifference inside your own line fence,
call every improvement that Is urged upon
you Theory" Is q thousand times worse
on your fortune. With such a spirit, no
wonder monopolies grind you, officials
steal from you, and taxes rob you. Think
of farmer trying to make money by tax
COWS that yield him only 5000 pounds oil
milk year, and he not knowing or caring
anything about improving that yield by
breeding In better dairy blood.
Think OF him going along, year In and
year out, and not knowing how to feed a
good COW, even II he has one, so as to bring
q little profit for his hard labor.
101Dk OF 0lfu mhklDg DuLter that COSTS
him every bit OF is to Is cents pound
and swapping 1t at 10 to II cents pound
for groceries at the country store-payine
high for the groceries and getting nothing
for his butter
Think OF him selling cream to a cream
cry and never stopping to think, or read
or study an hour in month as 10 the
kind Of cows he ought to have for thai
buEiness or the proper way to care for
them in order to get the most cream.
Think of man blindly plunging alonj
in these old ruts of farm practice for year
and never caring TO read what other mel
ere doing who are successful and max
money In the dairy business.
Think OF man doing ell these things
as thousands are doing. and not carin
enough for bis own profit to invest barrel,
100 CENTS year for good dair- paper ths
IS wide awake to his best interests all tn
zime and worth each week hundred time
as cost for yesT.
Think Of man dsing oil these tainv