davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

and prevent Nc MAJ. GEN. J. c. FREMONT.
Dowell from joining Mcclellan before Rich
mond. He had now to look out for his own
safeGy.
On the Goth Jackson began to retreat from
the Potomac south and up the Shenandoah
valley. it was necessary to use all possible
haste, in order to slip through between Fire.
mont on the west and Shields division of Nc
Dowell's corps OH the east. Once past them
he could 60 to Johnston's army and tn Rich
mond.
May 20, before leaving the Potomac. his
rear guard made pretended attack OIL flnr-
per's Ferry and Charlestown, while his sup
ply and ammunition trains were being sent
south in the advance. Jackson's favorite SOL
diels were those of bis old command, called
the Stonewall brigade. They ed the attack
OH Charestown.
Many of Jackson's soldiers were from the
vicinity of Clarlestown and had not seen
their families for a year. But not moment
were they allowed to delay. After making
the show of battle at Harper's Ferry and
Charlestown they were hurried southward.
May 30 Jackson's whole army was at Win
chester, beading southwark for Strasburg
with might and main
Both Fremont and Shields-one OIL one side,
the other OH the other-wele trying to get
there too, and to get there before Jackson
did. Their forces united, Jackson was crushed.
The daring Confederate was thus "between
the devil and the deep sea-" 1t was one OF
the most exciting races of the civil war.
Strasburg was the key to the situation. For
Jackson it was Strasburg and liberty; or,
losing it, annhilation. Both Shields and
Fremont had expressed their determination
to "bag Jackson"
May 81, after forced march across the
mountains, Fremont had gained the road be-
tween Winchester and Strusburg. Jackson
had passed that point only few hours be-
fore. Fast followed Fremont. He caught
Jackson's rear. There was sharp skirmlsh,
June1. Fremont's advance was beaten back.
Victory! jackson was at Strasburg. Be
tween afternoon May 30 and daylight June
/ his men had marched from Harper's Ferry
to Strasburg, fifty miles.
twas Gen. Ewell-Richard Stoddard Ewell
who drove back Fremont's advance at
Strasburg and enabled Jackson to reach that
city in safety. Ewell was born in the Dis
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

GEN. EWELL, c. s. 4. to the end. After
the death of Jackson at Chancellorsvile Ewell
took command of his division. lie died
in 1872.
To get the next movements of the valley
campaign clearly, observe OIL the map tue pc
culiar direction of the two branches of the
Shenandoah. When Jackson reached Stras-
burg Shields had already been at Front
Royal, q few miles southeast, for two days.
Why he did not push OH and intercept Jack.
son is not clear Shields moved slowly up
the east side of the south fork Jackson sent
hurriedly ahead of him and destroyed the
bridges over the south fork at Luray and
elsewhere. He himself. hotly pursued by
Fremont, FASTENED up the west side of the
north fork. He crossed it at Mount jackson,
n little to tue north of Newmarket, and cut
away the bridge behind him. He was thus
between the two forks Of the Shenandoah,
with all enemy Oh each side of him, but with
the bridges of both streams burned, so neither
could get at him Immediately.
Still lie raced on and OH, without sleep or
rest June he reached Harrisonburg. Fire.
mont marched us ceaselessly as himself, and
was hot nfter him. He dared not wait AL
most ut bay he turned now to the south and
eastward, toward Richmond and the Con-
federate army. He aimed TO reach Port Re-
public, a village OH the east side of the south
fork. Destroying the bridge at Mount Jack
SON had given the bold racer good days
start of Fremont, who had to wait to rebuild
the bridge.
When Jackson marched out Of Harrison.
burg he left behind the indefatigable Col.
Turner Asl,by to harass the Federal adj
unnna nnd hold il hack till the Confederate
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11
MARCH AND COUNTERMARCH.

The sudden attack of jackson at Kerns-
town caused change i'll the plans at Wash
in.ton. Banks and bis corps were halted on
the way to Manassas, and sent in pursuit Of
the flying Confeleratcs. At the same time
Shields division of Banks corps, which had
routed Jackson at Winchester, was detached
from Banks and sent to Mcdowell. Nc
Dowell was to halfway cooperate with Nc
Clellan at Richmond, and wholly keep an
eye OH Washington. Just what he was to do
seems never to have been fully decided on
between Gen. Mcclellan on one hand and the
president and Secretary Stanton on the
other.
To get the movements that followed the
battle of Winchester clearly in mind it will
be necessary to note upon the map the posi-
ton of both the Confederate and Union
troops in northern Virginia at the beginning
of May. Gen. Richard s. Ewells corps Of
10000 Confederate troops had been sent to
Jackson from Richmond Tint general,
after crossing the south fork of the Shenan-
doah, continued his retreat and encamped
at length near Swift Run gap. 1t had
been All exciting, romantic retreat Col.
Turner Ashby, the cavalryman, Was Jack
sons rear guard. He hovered about the
Federal advance, now making dash at
them and engaging in hot skirmish, now
gallopins away with a ringing of sabers when
they came too near 1t was work he delighted
in. He rode at this time magnificent white
horse, as famous in Confederate annals as the
Union Sheridans black horse became in this
very region two years later. Ashby, left
alone, was the last man to cross the
Shenandoah bridge. Eight Federal cav
alrymen were almost upon him as he
rode for life over the bridge. Two galloped
on in advance. Ashby turned suddenly on
them. A bullet from his party already across
the bridge struck one of the Union troopers
down. Ashby cleft the other with his saber,
and he, too, fell. Then Ashby galloped in
hot haste over the bridge.
Meantime balls rained like hail around the
bold rider. One OF them pierced his milk
white horse and gave the beautiful animal q
HUI Ldi Noulu ilo Cailteu LIS llutr Sdlo
across the bridge, however, a torrent of
blood flowing from his side as he ran. Ash
hy's famous ride OH the white horse was
continued two miles.
Jackson, with EwelIs corps, was at Swift
Run gap. On the Federal side plans were
made to hem him in on three sides and crush
him.
Banks had pursued Jackson as far south as
Hnlrisonbnrg. He hal about q 900 men after
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

STONEWALL JACKSON. cavalry especially.
In criticisms of the campaign of the Shenan'
doah valley it has been said that il the Fed
erul general sent against him had been only
half as swift jackson never would have got
out of that valley alive to join Lee and aid in
driving Mcclellan from the Chickahominy to
the James.
His strength consisted in the swiftness OF
his movements and in that firmness Of both
purpose and action which gave him the namo
OF ':StonewalI." 1t was very unusual MKT.
ure of qualities.
Jackson got the name Of Stonewall at the
first battle of Bull Run, called by the Con.
.fetleratcs the battle of Manassas. The general
commanded brigade there. The Confeder-
ate General Bee had just been repulSed with
his men, and was falling back. He met T.
]. jackson coming to ''' rescue with the first
Confederate brigade.
General" said Bee, they are heating us
back"
Sir" said Jackson, "we will give tLem the
bayonet."
He Ind his "war look" Oh at that moment.
This advance of Jackson and q similar move.
ment on the part of Wade Hampton else
where turned the Confederate defeat into vic
tory aE Bull Run. Bee galloped back to his
men He pointed with his sword to the gen.
eral standing in the midst Of 1900 fixed bay
onets, and said in voice full Of excitement:
"Look. there is Jackson standing like a
stone wall Let lis determine to die here and
we will con1uer"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11
hoped thus to draw Jackson away from John

hoped thus to draw Jackson away from john
ston. The trick was successful. Jackson
turned his face Winchesterward again, fol-
lowing Shields
Gen. Banks meantime, who was in the chief
command in this part of Virginia. had been
ordered by Gen. Mcclellan on the 10th OF
March to take position near Manassas and
Centreville, points recently evacuated by the
Confederates. Banks was to rebuild the rail-
way passing through Manassas to Washing
tonand keep the country south Of the Balti-
more and Ohio railroad free from Confeder-
ates This included the Shenandoah valley.
Banks prepared to obey the order, march
ing his corps to Centreville, leaving Shields
divition Of $4,000 NEIL behind to take care Of
jackson He did not believe Jackson would
attack q force so much superior to his own.
bields had hoped that Jackson would at
tax him, however With Jackson was Col.
Ashby's cavalry, 1,5OO strong. Jackson's
force, exclusive of Ashby's, is said to have
numbered G,OOO Near Winchester Shields
halted and prepared for the attack which he
hoped would be made.
Il was March 23, 1862, that Gen. Shields
sp ared for battle at Winchester. On the
"a of that month there died at Paw Paw,
Va, man who, if he had lived, would have
taken a very lively part in the operations of
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11
CHAPTER VIII.
JESS GOES TO PRETORIA.

That day, ut dinner, jess suddenly an
nounced that she wa going OH the morrow
to Pretoria to see Jane Neville
"To see Jane Nevillc!" said Bessie, opening
her blue eyes wide. "Why, it was only last
month you said that you did not care about
Jane Neville now, because she had grown so
vulgar. Don't you remember when she
stopped here OH her way down to Natal last
year. and held up her fat hands, aud said:
'Ah, JcsS-Jcss is genius! 1t is privilege
to know her. And then she wanted you to
quote Shakespeare to that lump of brother
of hers, and you told her that if see did not
hold her tongue she would not enjoy the
privilege much longer And now You want
to 20 and stop with her for two months!
Well, jess, you are odd. And, what's more,
1 think it is very unkind of you to go away
for so long"
To all of which prattle Jess said nothing,
but merely reiterated her determination to 90.
John, too, was astonished and, to tell the
truth, not little disgusted Since the pre-
vious day, when lie had that talk with her i'll
Lion kloof, jess had assumed clearer and
more difnite interest in his eyes. Before that
she had been an enigma: now he had guessed
enough about her to make him anxious to
know more. Indeed, he had not perhaps
realized how strong and definite his interest
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

jackson OH the westward Fremont, with
10000 men, was following Schenck and Mil
roy. Farther away from Stonewall Jackson,
but still within fighting reach of him, and to
the cast, was Mcdowell at Fredericksburg
with 1000 men.
Stoncwall Jackson had, with Ewells divis-
ion, nearly 20, 600 men. He resolved to fall upon
the Union generals one at time, and cripple
or conquer them. His plan was mastery
one. Banks ut this time had not yet fallen
back to Strasburg, but was still ut Harrison
burg Jackson left Ewell to confront him.
Then, himself taking the tried troops that
had been with him in tho valley so long, he
made wide sweep around by the south aud
west, past Staunton, then to the west and
northward to attack Scbenck and Milroy.
Milroy was at Mcdowell, a village forty
miles southwest Of Harrisonburg, where
Banks was.
The swiftneSs of Jackson's movement was
something marvellous. 1t was important for
him to attack Mlroy and defeat him before
he could join Banks at Harrisonburg. He ac-
complishcd it.
He made forced marches and fell upon Mil
roy at Bull Pasture, nea" the village OF Nc
Dowell lie had meantime been joined by
six regiments under command Of the Con-
rctlrratc general Edward Johnson The fight
ut Bull Pasture occurred OH warm, bright
morning, Mays 1t may be considered the
second battle of the Shenandoah campaign.
Cen. Edward johnson knew the mountain
country we'll, and he and his regiments took
the lead, with Ashby's scouts in advance.
Nay the Federal pickets were driven in.
At sunrise May the Confederate troops
marched toward the village of Mcdowell.
They took position OIL Sutlington's hill. Mil
roy sent out force to dislodge them, and the
battlc of Dull Pasture, Mcdowell or Sutling-
toms hill begun.
There was a sharp engagement. Mllroy
was defeated and fell back just as Schenck
came up with re-cnforrements. But it was
too late to save the day, and the Federal
forces retreatet toward Franklin to wait for
Fremont. they left behind them supply Of
military stores, which Jackson captured.
Immediately after this fight Banks re-
treated to StI1lSburg, fifty miles north. There
he fortified himself, so as to protect the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Hating
not to rest, jackson pushed OH after the
Federal troops. Having driven back Milroy
and Schenck, the next move on the chess
board was for him to crush Banks, weakened
as he was by the withdrawal Of Shields
dvisi.n Jackson therefore turned his at
tention to Banks
The three Fetlernl armies in northern Fir-
ginia that had been sent against Jackson
were seventy miles apart, east, west and
north, in sort of triangle. When, there
fore, Stonewall Jackson marched against
Banks neither Fremont nor Mcdowell was
near enough to aid him.
Gen. Robert H. Milroy was born in Indiana
in 1914. He was educated as Il lawyer, but
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

Gen. Bee rallied his men, but the next mo-
ment was shot dead ut their head. And from
that day on Thomas Jonathan Jackson was
called 'Stoncwul." But students ut the Vir-
gina Military institute, where he was profes-
sor OF physics, nickiamed him the blue
Light Elder" because he was so strict Pres
byterian There was in him more resem-
blancc tn the old Scotch covenamter than in
any other soldier Of this century.
Jackson was born Mt Clarksburg, Va, in
1924. Slow, awkward, fri,ntllcss and bash
full. he yet struggled up through youth of
toll and poverty Till he obtained the appoint
ment us Il West Point cadet. In time he was
graduated there. He served in the Mexican
war as II lieutenant, and won honors for his
bravery and coolneSS. Failing health led him
to accept the professorship in the Virginia
military institute. At the outbreak Of the
civil war he marched to Richmond at the
head of corps of cadets lie had already been
drilling in anticipation of fighting.
Stonewall Jackson was mortally wounded
by terrible volley fired by his own men
through mistake at Charlottesville, May 2,
1865.
After Manassas, in the autumn of 1861, the
command of the Confederate army Of the
Shenandoah was given to Gen. jackson.
Bodies of Federal soldiers belonging to Gen.
Banks corps were in the Shenandoah and
about the head waters of the Potomac, where,
in the language of Confederate writer, they
"harassed the inhabitants, and treated as pub
lie enemies all who refused to subscribe to tho
Federal oath Of allegiance" Jackson had
been darting about through the Shenandoah
region here and there during the winter. His
own superior officers seldom knew where to
find him. so rapid were his movements At
the close Of the campaign even, when ho
wrote asking to join the Richmond army, Lee
wrote back word for him to come in con-
iidential letter directed: "Gen. T. j. Jack
son, Somewhere"
In November, 1861, Stonewall Jackson had
occupied Winchester. 1t was point danger
ously near the Potomac and Jackson sought
to get yet nearer. He made an attack OH the
little town of Bath, very hear the Potomac.
His intention was to cross the river. But he
was prevented from doing this by Gen. F.. w.
Lantlcr, who commanded the Federal forces
in northern Virginia. But lie took possession
of ltomncy and divided the Federal forces in
northern Virginia. Then he made Wincles-
ter his headquarters during the winter, re-
cruiting large numbers of lnen. In March,
1Sti2, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston evacuated Cen
trevllc and went nearer Richmond. At the
same time the Federal Gen. Banks advanced
toward Winchester. These two circumstances
induced jackson to retreat to Woodstock,
forty miles south of Winchester
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11
The SHENANDOAH.
The Valley Campaign Of Twenty
Five Years Ago.
STONEWALL JACKSON'S RAID.
But Now "Those Knights are Dust, Their
Good Blades Rust" '.

Portraits Of the Leaders on Both Sides
in the Shenandoah Valley Campaign
of the Spring and Early Summer OF
1S62--How Stonewall jackson Out
witted Armies Three Times as Large
as His Own and Escaped---Interest.
ing Personal Sketches
One hand on the saber and one on the rein
The troopers move forward in line on the plain.
AS rings the word "Gallop" the steel scabbards
clank
And each rowel Is pressed to horses hot flank;
And swift is the rush as the wild torrents flow
When it pours from the crag on the valley below
The trend of the land in the Shenandoah
valley is northeast and southwest. The Biue
Ridge mountains, you will see on the map, lie
due northeast and southwest Almost in q
line parallel with them, laving the very
mountain foot with its blue and rushing
waters, runs the romantic Shenandoah. II
flows northeast and empties into the Potomac
at Harpers Ferry. To the westward and north
are other ranges Of peaks. Between the lines
of mountains are long narrow stretches OF
valley, down which the wind and files of cav
airy soldiers might sweep without obstruc'
tion Both wind and soldier swept down
those valleys many and many time during
the civil war. The Shenandoah region is
cris-crossed with the lines Of advance and re-
treat: its stony soil scantly covers the crum.
bling bones of many brave horse and
rider.
In the spring of 1862 Gen. Thomas Jona'
than jackson, G. s. A., spread dismay, first
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11


came to Front Royal. At this point, and be-
tween him and Banks at StraSburg, lay
Col Kenly, with 400 Federal troops. If
Jackson could unnihiate this fore the coh-
ncctlon.between the armies of Banks and Nc
D0well would be broken.
Accordingly, May %, he made fierce at
tack on Col kenly's little band ut Front
Royal and cut it to pieces. This was the
third battle of the Shenandoah campaign.
There was nothing now hctween Stonewall
Jackson and Banks.
Banks retreatel with his small force yet
farther north. He left Strasl,ulg and started
for Winchester.
IT. was now q race and chase between
Banks and Jackson TO the Potomac. Ii Jack
son paused till the forces of Fremont or Nc
Dowell could come up lie would he cut to
pieces. He therefore determined to push on,
surround Banks il possible and destroy his
army before it could he rc-enforced. He pur-
sued Banks hotly, and once more the old town
of Winchester became the scene of IL fight,
the fourth in the campaign. Banks kept back
for several hours the advancing Confederates.
This was May "a and 25 But the southern
soldiers poured in in larger and larger num-
bers. There was nothing but to run for it.
From Winchester Banks retreatcd to
Martinsburg. He only waited here two
hours, wien he was up and away again. At
sunset, May 25, Banks reached the Potomac
river at Williamsport.
TO get on the Maryland side of the river
was the next thing. The broken army had
retreated in confusion, leaving great quanti-
ties of stores behind them Jackson had lit
orally driven them into the Potomac Into
the river they plunged. The ferry took across
the. ammunition train, the cavalry swan
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11


This exploring party was surrounded by hos
tile Indians and cut to pieces, only Gen. Lam
der himself escaping He made five expedi-
tions altogether across the continent, all of
them attended with danger and full Of the
element Of the romantic. He was perhaps
the only American who ever brought back an
unexpended fund from congressional ap-
preparation. Wherever dash and bra
very, as we'll as correct judgment, were
required, Lander was to be de-
pended OH In 1860 he married
the gifted actress, Jean Davenport. In 1861
he offered his services to Gen. Scott, for the
war, Gin any capacity, ut any time and for
any duty" His offer was accepted, and from
that time OH till his career closed, all too
early, he was to be found where fighting was.
He was wounded in the leg at Edwards
Ferry, but before the wound healed he was
off ut Romney, Va, commanding the forces
there. Once he marched 1900 men forty
three miles through deep snow, and without
rest and with almost no food, charged them
upon Confederate camp at BlComery Gap,
routing it completely. So impetuous was he
that with single aid he galloped ahead Of
his men and demanded and received the Con-
fcderate commanders sword
So little is known, however, Of this brilliant
and romantic figure that his name is seldom
mentioned in the war "reminiscences which are
now ut flood tide in the country. 1t is because
Gen. Lander died so early in the war. SooA
after the beginning of 1862 his health
failed and lie was at length stricken with
typhoid fever. He applied for leave Of alb
sence from military duty, but before the per-
NIT came, while he was yet waiting, word
came that Jackson's men were in the neigh
borhood. He rose from his bed, called his
aids abont him and, with the old time fire in
bis eye, purposed to make midnight attack.
At that moment his hour struck. He was
seized with sudden congestion of the brain
and died in few minutes.
He was man Of fine physique and extra
ordinary personal magnetism. If he had
lived ne would have been among the larger
figures Of the war.
Lander dying, Gen. James B. Shields was
placed in command of his division.
Gen. James B, Shields was one Of the old
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

June T COL Sir GEN. TURNER AsHBY.
Percy Wyndham, of the Union cavalry, made
reconnaissance toward Harrisonburg. He
fell into Confederate ambush and was taken
prisoner with his men. Following this was
an infantry fight. Col. Wyndham was an
Englishman. He had been a captain in the
Austrian army and had served under Carl
baldi. He was aiming especially to ''bag"
Turner Ashby.
Col. Wyndhams cavalry was followed bya
large Eody of infantry. On the Confederate
side Gen. Ewell came up with infantry. This
battle Of Harrisonburg, the 7th Of June, was
the fifth considerable fight of the campaign.
The Federal regiments were partly behind
fence. The Confederates advanced against
them through a tangled underwood. Ashby
led the charge. with the Fifty-eighth Virginia.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

CROSS KEYS AND PORT REPUBLIC.
June s, Jackson's rear, commanded by
Ewell, was ut Cross Keys, written also 4
Keys.
In this famous race the Confederate army
had now nearly reached the upper end OF the
Shenandoah, and had not yet been captured.
Either side of them was an army quite equal
in size to them ready to pounce upon them.
About six miles southeast Of Cross Keys was
Port Republic, on the south fork. Here there
yet remained bridge. All depended ON
whether Shields on the east side or jackson on
the west side of the south fork reached Port
Republic and that bridge first. On the sth
Jackson himself, with his advance, was four
miles south of Ewell and nearer Port Re-
public.
June 8 Fremont attacked Ewell, and the
battle of Cross Keys took place. It was
fought by Jackson's rear and Fremont's ad-
vance. Ewell had G.000 men in action, Ere
mont about 5000. This was the sixth battle
in the campaign Of the Shenandoah valley.
The battle began at II in the forenoon and
lasted till dark.
The battle of Cross Keys itself was not a
decisive one, but it resulted in decided ad-
vantage to the Confederates. It kept Ere
mont back, and thus prevented him from
attacking Jackson's whole force in the rear
while Shields fell upon him on the left and
east
Already had Shields advance reached Port
Republic when the battle OF Cross Keys was
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1887-05-11

tl'ict Of Columbia
in 1916. He was q
West Point gradu-
ate, like most Of
the leading officers
of the civil war OH
both sides. He was
O Mexican war off,
Ger, had seen hard
Indian service, and
during the civil
war took part in
the toughest Of the
fighting in Virginia
from the beginning