Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1887-05-12
INSECT REMEDIES.
some OF tho Most Effective Inaecticides
and How 20 AnnlY Than.


some OF tho Most Effective Insecticides
and How to Apply Them.
Every season we are delugcd with in
luirics for remedies for various insects,
and knowing the Importance OF the sub
icct VIC strive to give our readers all the
results Of the experiments by scientific
gentlemen. Prof. Riley few years
ago prepared paper on the subject.
He first alluded to the codling moth.
He believed that there was no question
that Paris green was not onlya remedy,
but that there was little danger in using
It. But he still is unable to overcome
n disinclination to recommend IL, os-
pccially since the late Dr. Hull main
tanned that he had found Stacked lima
busted on the trees TO be equally rs of-
fcctuaL Prof Riley positively affirmed
that he knew that the worms some
times left one apple for another, a
question that has been occasionally
discussed. For Plum Curculio, he be-
licved that there wrs nothing superior
TO jarring. He placed no faith in the
repcllant powers Of strong smelling sub
stances which arc sometimes recOm-
meaded. He said IL he were tn enumcr-
ate the six most important substances
that could be used for destroying in
sects above the ground, he would mem
ton tobacco, soap. helleborc, arsenic,
petroleum aud pyrethrum. 1t has
lately been learned, too, that the vapor
Of nicotine. that is, tobacco vapor, is
not only very efloctual in destroying
insects wherever it can be confined, rs
In greenhouses, but that il is less in
furious TO delicate plants than either
the smoke or the liquid. This fact
will explain the efficacy of tobacco
stems strcwn upon the ground. As
an instance of the good results attend
ing the latter plan he cited the expert
cncc of William Saunders in dealing
with the Grape-leaf Hoppers. These
until two years ago bailled all his eff
forts; they caused all his grape leaves
to turn yellow and fall prematurely in
the grapery at Washington. But he
found that by strowing the ground un-
der the vines with the tobacco stems
which are constantly being moistcned
by the Swinging. the leaves were pre-
s,rvcd intact and he had no further
trouble from that source.
The last three substanccs-arsenic
petroleum and pyrethrum-havc come
into use during recent years. These
have now also come To be so well
known that it is perhaps scarcely nee
essary to particularize rs to their APP
plication. The arsenic-London pur-
pie, Paris green or other PREPARATION
has been more extensively used than
any other substance, and where il can
be used safely it is undoubtedly the
most valuable Of all. The value Of diff
fercnt preparations of petroleum has
also long been known, as no other sub
stance is more destructive to insects
generally. But the great trouble has
been to use it with safety. because of
the difficulty experienced in mixing it
with water or diluting it in somo
way. He explained how to make
permanent kerosene emulsion.
Take two parts Of kerosene with
one of sour milk and churn
the mixture together. by means of
a force pump, which produces butter
like substance that is easily diluted to
any degree with water. This, he con-
tinucd, he believed To be not only one
Of the most invaluable insecticides, but
the only one that will effectually de-
stroy many Of the worst pests which
aillict the fruit grower. Mr.. II. G..
Hubbard, one Of his assistants at Cres-
cent City. Fla, has found such to be
the case with reference TO the scale in
sccts which infest the orange trees. He
also stated that permanent emulsion
can be made by substituting soap for
milk, or certain proportion of dis
solved soft soap could he added TO the
kerosene and milk The value Of this
emulsion when applied by improved
spraying machinery is not yet appre-
ciated rs il will be when it becomes
better known. Recent experiments
show that it can be used on almost all
kinds Of vegetation without injury 10
the plants.
In reference to pyrethrum, he said.
that ii is most satisfactory when used
for insects like the cabbage worm and
other troublesome pests Of that nature.
But its influence is Of short duration
at best, aud much depends upon get.
ting a fresh and unadultcratcd article.
In regard to underground insects
nothing edcctual has been found so
far, except bi-sulphide Of carbon and
napthaline. But he has every reason
to believe that the kerosene emulsion |
can be successfully used here, and that
il will prove to be one Of the most. il |
not the most, satisfactory means Of de-
stroying the dreaded grapevine phyl- |
loxera. In speaking Of the various in
secticides before mentioned, he said |
that all six Of the Substances to be used |
above ground may be used in liquid |
form, and he preferred To apply them
in that way Western RHrdt.
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BEST FEEDING TIME.
An Important Ias.on Taurht Inv the N