davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
JOURNEYMEN BAKERS NAT.
lONAL UNION.
l0FFICIALl
oFFCIAL
OFFICE NATIONAL SECRETARY,
100 William Street, New York.


The National Executive Committee
met Saturday, October Is, and disposed
of a number of routine matters. 1t was
resolved upon to send a delegate to the
Convention of the American Federation
of Labor to be held December 10, 1887,
in Baltimore, Nd.
Union 81, Pittsburg, adopted resolu-
tons demanding a new trial for the Chi
cago anarchists.
Union "a, San Francisco, reports the
net proceeds of their last picnic S237.SO.
The boycott against the bosses in the
combination is pushed vigorously and
the organized trades render all assistance.
Union Is, st. Louis, passed resolutions
condemning the unfair trial of the Chi
cage anarchists and the action of the
Supreme Court of Illionois in sustaining
the lower court.
Two members of Union 20, Jersey
City, N. j., were fined by the court $25
and costs for boycotting Boss Weber.
rhe National Executive Committee
loaned No. 20 $50 to defray expenses.
Boss Weber is now much more boy cotted
because this finding of the court opened
the eyes of Organized Labor of Jersey
City.
Union IS, Philadelphia, organized a
section of Hebrew bakers. They have
resolved to enter a boycott campaign
against such bosses that compel their
men to work seven days in week.
The bakers of Reading held a meeting
Saturday, October Is. Chas. A. Geier,
Secretary of Cigarmakers' International
Union, who was authorized by the Ma
tional Secretary of the j. B. N. u, called
the meeting, and spoke upon the subject
and advantages of organization. After
making a brief address Mr.. Geier intro
duced VIM. A. Mckinney, Of the Trade
and Labor Council. who sp) ke nearly an
hour respecting the benefits resulting
from proper labor organizations, and was
followed by VIM. A. Sands, who also
spoke at great length upon the same sub
iect. All the bakers in attendance signed
an application for a charter. Temporary
officers were elected and the meeting adj
journed to next Saturday night.
Union So, of Sandusky, o., reports
having joined the Central Labor Union
of said city.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22

very different value. Most men are
creatures of customs o. habits which
were instilled into their minds by out
slders at a susceptible age, or on an
Impressive occasion.
Thus, while we must not deny
that there exists thing that may be
called frec-will, we must also concede
that really free actions are very rare
occurrences, and on the whole con-
fined to very few men who regular
ly, and to minority of men who on
a few occasions that call for a choice
between important oppostes, decide
their choice according to reasons and
principles, and without a blind bias
of slayish inclinations for which they
cannot be held fully responsible.
Yet upon such a fabulous free
will all Jurisprudence and all politi-
cal economy are built up. Our Grim
lnal laws presuppose men fully re-
spOnslblc for all their actions till it
can be proven that certain action
was done without a free will. Our
civil law considers all contracts rs
concluded with q free will on both
contracting sides, unless ontoward
force can be shown to have influenced
the consent of one or both the con-
tracing parties. Especially labor
contracts are considered free actions
though in most cases in which wages
labor is concerned there is hardly
another choice left for the contract
ing wages laborer than to accept the
conditions of the hirer of labor. All
legislation with regard to wage con-
tracts is, therefore, vitiatod by a
wrong suppostion. 1t should start
from the view that nobody would
work for wages, If he could help it;
but it starts from the view that both
contracting parties act upon a pros
pect of improving their condition by
the contract.
To be continued
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
"ZENO'S" ZETETlCS.
To the Workmea's advocate:

To the WOrkmen's Advocate:
Although restrained by your advice to
"be as good-natured as possible under
the circumstances" | must regard your
apprentice as bowling demon. He left a
line out of my last letter. The paragraph
that means nothing, should read: "What-
ever is not produced by labor cannot be
capital. Land is not produced by labor
hence is not wealth nor capital. 1t is
certainly not ware" etc.
To debate with writer who misquotes
is difficult. "All labor produces that is
useful, is wealth." was the meaning |
conveyed. If an ''intinitesimal portion
of wealth, is not wealth. then bucket
full of water out of lake is not water.
| did not say money is capital when it
a ssists in reproduction only" Money is
never capital. 1t cannot assist in pro-
duction. No capital was ever produced
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22


A vital Question, or, What Is To he
Done Novel. Iiy Nikala q, rchcr-
nitchewsky ,,..,,,,..,,,,...,..... i9A
What the Russian government regards ms
revolutionary IitcratrVe. The author was
imprisoned and afterwards hanshed. lie is
now living under strict police supervision,
The book is secretly circulated in Russia
In this volume the labor question Is treated
with masters hand,
Woman In the Past. Present and Flu
ture-By August Bebel, Social Demo
cratic Deputy IN the German Reichstag
Cloth $l0; paper OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES, 30
Social studies Dust out). BY Heber New
ton Observation-Disclosures. Cloth. 100
Pertinent essays on various SUBJECTS per
tanning to Labor. Everybody should readit.
United states Internal Revenue and
Tariff Law. Ky Horace Dresser. -
The Internal Revenue and Tariif laws Laws, ~
with amendments, complete Full alpha
betical tables of the farif and Internal
Revenue, An Invaluable work
Cushings' Manual ................C Cloth. 8 10
Fish's American Manual. Cloth. 80
Rules Of parliamentary usage Every
workingman should have one OF these
books to guide them in labor meetings Can
be carried In the pocket.
Hills Rhetoric. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. Cloth. 80
Instruction in the art of oratory and pub
lie speaking. Invaluable to labor orators
The Labor Movement In America
BY Richard T. Ely, PHI D,.."... Cloth. $50
Compiled after years Of research. De-
serves careful study,
The Dawning. A Social Novel cloth $50
sincere and courageous book contains
a graphic picture of the sutierings OF tho
poor and the social inequalities of the day,
Capital--By Kar! Marx. Two volumes,
cloth (postpald Observation-Disclosures. ZOO
An exhaustive dissertation on political
economy from the most advanced stand
point, by the eminent German socialist.
| Co operative Commonwealth by Iau,
renee Gronlund ... cloth, $10O; paper 81
An exposition of modern Socialism; 1t
| aims and objects.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
LIBERTY.
BY DR.. A. DOUAI.

1t is one of the teachings of priest
craft and political economy that man
is endowed with free will (Hberum
orbitrium) that he is therefore to be
held responsible for his actions, and
that all his actions must be consid-
cred as free which he committed
consciously.
Now, it must be conceded that
men are more free than plants and
all lower beings. But that they are
free to act as they please so long as
they are not constrained to act under
superior force from without, that
ought first to be proved. And it is
easier to prove the exact contrary.
Nobody is asked if he wants to be
born or not, to be born as a boy or
girl, to be born in the center of bar
barous Africa, or on distant island,
or in Berlin or Boston, as a poor or
as a rich mans child, in the dark
centuries or in the enlightened ones,
and what kind of education he or
she would have till then when a per-
son is able to govern himself Accord
ing to his own best intelligence.
Yet it is indeniable that birth, de-
scent and early education are the
chief factors Of human character or
want of character. No one expects
to see great and noble man or
woman arise in a den of thieves or
robbers or man-eaters, or great
philosopher among Esquimaux or
Botocudes. Man is, as a rule, the
creature of circumstances that sur
round him, especially during infancy
and youth, and only very few men
and women succeed in reforming
their own will and intellect after en-
tering their adult age, when respon-
sibility is demanded.
Since there exists q science of
statistics, additional proofs have been
found that the "free will" of man
kind is a very questionable thing.
1t would seem to be a mattel VI free
will whether person will be a sui
eide. But it is a statistical fact that
there is in given country and
among given population always the
same number of suicides on an aver
age at least) and especially of male
and female suicides, and of such who
choose hanging, drowning, shooting,
stabbing or any other means of get
ting rid of life. 1t may seem to be
an act of free will, whether a person
marries or not; yet the number Of
marriages increases when bread is
cheap. and decreases when bread is
dear. More strangely yet-the num-
Der of young men marrying older
women and of old men choosing very
Youthful wives bears within a given
population always a proportion that
will vary within narrow limits only.
The number of letters that are
mailed without an address will little
change in a given population; the
number of thieves and criminals of
any kind will little vary within de
cade. Such facts are totally iEcom-
patible with the theory of free-will,
If the latter is understood as the
source of always responsible action.
The great majority of our actions
are governed by customs which have
grown into a Second nature" with
ourselves; we are not conscious Of
counseling with ourselves whether
or no a certain action which occurs
at stated times, is to lie performed.
Rarely do we reyolve an idea long in
our mind which is to lead to an ac-
ton, and more rarely still do we
r
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
COMMUNICATIONS.

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. Write plain,
boil down" your letters; make them Short
Write only on one side of thepaper Be as good
natured as you can under the circumstances.
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
AND soCIALIsTIC WORKS


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ulSClnSHreS, .,..,....,.....,,,,,.,..,S Va
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Capitalism on Trial. A knight of Labor.
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Declaration ofIndependence. Revised
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The Dawning. A Socialistic Novel;. i.b0
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English and French Morality. Guyot. 80
French and German Socialism in
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Fourier's Social Science. Chas Fourier. 100
Fourier's Social Organization. Chas.
Fourier. Observation-Disclosures. LOU
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Hymns ofProgress. A collection Of Songs
Tor Lapor ,,...... ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 10
Socialism and Slavery. II, M Hyndman. 20
Socialism and Smithism. II. N. Hynd-
man. .......'.........' ,...'.''.'.'...... ~
Principles OF Socialism. Hyndman and
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Reporter and Socialist. Alexander
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Report of international Trades Union
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Joynes, ....,,.....,.,t'.......... 10
| Socialist Rhymes C6pages). j. L. Joynes. .05
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10 oppcsites. .....................,..... .0b
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| Socialist Tracts. 10 Numbers Per 100. 30
Workingman's Programme. Ferdinand
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Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
PLEASE HIS FRIENDS.

"Will you please insert this obituary
notice?" asked an old gentleman of edi-
tor. 81 make bold to ask it, because the
deceased had great many friends about
here who'd be glad to hear of his death"
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
WITH THE CALICO DRESS.

"a fig for your upper-ten girls,
With their velvets, satins and laces,
Their jewels, rubies and pearls,
And their milliner's figures and faces,
Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
LETTER BOX.

RApTKE, -Ziegler's subscription re-
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Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22
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Buddhist Nihilism. Max Muller .....,... 10
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Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22

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Workmen's advocate. (New Haven, Conn.) 1883-1891, 1887-10-22

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The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-04-15
HOUSEHOLD SUPPLIES.

APPLES Apples, $5@6 30; dried sp-
pies, 1000 per pound from store.
Dried peaches, 61(17c from store.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS., So 1908 from
store. Cabbage, crate, Southern, So
Kraut, brls, 1906; half brls, 1908 so.
Garlic, 100000 per 100. Turnips, 75c
@$l per brl. Celery, 100000.
FRUIT-0ranges, imported, So 50@
4 80 per box; Florida, per box, So 90;
Lemons, 50 1904 50per box. Bananas,
81 50@2 so per bunch.
NUTs-Oocoanuts-$8 per 100. Pea
nuts-Virginia, &c; Tennessee farm
ers' stock, 394c; roasted, 2ac higher
shelled, l0c. Almonds, lSc. Walnuts
-Englieh, 1876; French, l5c. Fllberts,
123c. Pecsns-Texas, 79l0c; Brazil
nuts, l2ic. Ohestnuts-Imported, l2iC
per pound.
RAIsINs-London layers, 50; layers,
So 70; California, 81 10.
PIcKLEs-In jars, pints, 96c; quarts,
81 80; half-Rallons, 81 70; gallons,
s. rs; loose, barrels, SO 50@7; half
barrels, 81; mixed, barrels, $40 30 /;
mixed, hslf.barrels, So.
Eaes- Easy, llac.
PoTAToEs -Nortnern stock, 81 ESQ
70.
CIDER-New York, $7@7 so per bar.
rel aud $4@4 % per hslf.barrel.
FISH --Mackerel, half-barrels, No. l.,
s. 1906; No. 2, So so; No. 8, 81 30;
l0-lb kit, No. l, 81; No. 2, 9Oc; No.
8, Zoe. Dry herriDgs, family, 25c per
box.
GAME-Game fish, 5@6c.
VINEaAR-l2@l3o per gallon.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-04-15

Increase in receipts this year. :. 1863, 232

At noon: Liverpool spots were
unchanged, good business. Sales. r.
600 bales, OF which American 10000
bales. Receipts, 5000 bales, Of which
American 1900 balss.
Closing quotations were as follows:
Ordinary, Sd; good ordinary, Sled;
low middling, 5 9l6d; good middling,
8 Is led; mlddling uplands, 5 ll-16d |;
middlinG Orleans, 5sl.
1.-THE prices are given IN pence and 64ths,
thus: A SO means 4 63-64d; and 5 OF means
B l-64d
At noon: Liverpool futures were
dull at decline. April, =; April-May,
5 42@5 Aid; Msy-June, 5 4405 AID (;
June-July, 5 1905 44d; July.August,
5 AID August September, 8 5095 Asa !;
September October, 5 1905 Aid; Oclo.
ber-November, 5 SD; September, 81
@5 Add.
At 2 pm: Liverpool futures were
weak; April, 8 Add, value; April-May,
8 401, value; Msy-June, 5 Aid, sellers !;
June-July, 8 43d, sellers; July.August,
8 45d, sellers August-September, 8 AID,
sellers; September October, 5 40d, sell.
ers; October November, 5 Gid, value !;
September, 5 4Sd, value.
At 4 pm: Liverpool futures were
steady April, AID, sellers; April-May,
5 AID, sellers; May-June, 8 AID, sell.
ers; June-July, 5 45d, sellers; July.
August, 8 AID, sellers; August Sep
tember, 8 49d, sellers; september. DC.
tober, AID, sellers; 0ctober-Novem-
Der, 8 sd, sellers; September, sod,
sellers.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-04-15
PROVISIONS.

Observation-Disclosures, 10@l5c; cream
cry, 33@35c; dairy, 25@26c; country
butter, 15@22c.
Hoe PRoDUcTs Strong; new mess
pork, $l8; old mess pork, SIG; sugar
cured hams, 12@l3c; breakfast bacon,
l03@ll9c; clear rib sides bacon, 9i(9
9sc; bacon shoulders, 7ic; bulk pork
clear sides, &c; clear rib sides, SIC (;
shoulders, 63c; long clear, SIC; pork
strips, 74c.
LARD-Tierces, 7f@7iC; half bar
rels, 73@7Bc; kegs, 73@7bci choice
kettle, Sa@s5c.
FRESH MEATs-Cold storage beef,
forequarters, 5@54c; mutton, Sc; hind
quarters Of beef, S3@9ic; hogs, 7ic.
CHEEsE-Prime fats, 9@l0c; New
York factory, none; full cream, 100
lac; Young America, lac.
Pics FEET Barrels, 81 so; half bar
rels, So 70; kegs, 81 Is.
PoULTRY--Ohickens active; spring,
So 50@3; old hens, 1908 25, Turkeys,
$l2@13. Geese, 1904. Ducks, 500
8 so; dressed chickens, So 1908 25 per
dozen; dressed turkeys, 12@l3c per
pound.
ST.. LOUIS, Mo-, April 14.-Provisions
quiet and steady with good demand
for bacon. Poik-smal lots Of old
mess, $l5 new mess, SIS Lard, 81 l2a.
Dry salt meats-bo ed shoulder,
So l24; long clear, So 121; short ribs,
s. % f; short clear, So so. Bacon-3hou!-
ders, So 37406 so; ong clear, s. 100
s 80; short ribs, IS S5@8 871; short
clear, 5000 10 Hams, 1lt@l4c Batter
lover; choice creamery, 24925c;
dairy, lS@24c.
CHICAGO, ILL April 14.-Mess pork
was unchanged, except for April, 9
few sales being made at $40 90. Lard
declined 7a@l0c per 100 pounds early,
rallied somewhat, but fell of
again and closed at about inside
figures. Short ribs were shade easier.
Cash quotations were 40 follows: Mess
pork, per brl, $40 rs; lard, per 100 lbs,
So 324; short rib sides, loose, SIS 20;
dry sailed shoulders, boxed, So 1905 %;
short clear sides, boxed, S. zoos 70.
The leading futures ranged as follows:
Mess pork-April opened at $40 so,
highest $40 90, lowest $40 80, closing at
$40 9Oi May and June opened at $2l,
highest $2l, lowest $2l, closing at $2l.
Lard-ApTil opened at 81 30, highest
81 80, lowest 81 30, closing;st So 324;
May opened at 81 40, highest 81 40,
lowest 81 80, closing at 81 37!; June
opened at 81 so, highest 81 so, low
est, 81 As, closing at 81 As; July
opened al 81 574 highest 81 57l, lowest
81 52l closing at 81 52I. Short ribs
April opened at IS ~, highest rs %,
lowest IS Ia, closing at s. %; May
opened at s. 221, high s. IS 80, low.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-04-15
STATIONS.
Rice Fall
Feet lOths lOths lOths

WHEELING, April l4.--Noou-River
9 feet ! inch on the gauge and rising.
Weather clear and warm.
PITTsBURG, April 14.-Noon-River
4 feet 2 inches on the gauge and ris-
ing. Weather clear and pleasant.
CINCINNATI, April l4.-Noon-R River
Is feet 3 inches on the gauge and fall
ing. Weather clear thermometer To.
LOUISVILLE, April 14.-Noon-River
7 feet In the canal and 4 feet 10 inches
on the falls and stationary. Weather
clear.
EVANSVILLE, April 14.--Noon--River
IL feet inches ON the gauge anu fall
ing. Weather warm. Departed: U.
?. Schenck, Cincinnati.
CAIRo, April IA Noon-River 20
feet o inches oil the gauge and falling.
Weather cloudy aud warm. Arrived:
Belle Memphis, st. Louis, s p m Ar
kansas City, Vicksburg, l am. Gran
tie State, Cincinnati, 2 am; Iron
Duke and tow, Louisville, 8 am. Ohio,
Momphis, 10 am. Annie p. Silver,
New Orleans, am. Guiding Star,
Cincinnati, 10 am. Departed: Belle
Memphis, Vicksburg, midnight; Ar
kansas City, st. Louis, s am; Ohio,
8 I'm. Granite State, Mem
phis, 8 am; Annie P. Silver, 81.
Louis, am.