Arizona weekly citizen., 1887-05-07
Nanadiun.
Written for tho Engineering and Mining Journ
 L by Charles R, fle;cher.)

Since my discovery of vansdium in gold mines which l purchased ID Ari- I'ha ID lSSj, the demands on my time nave prevented me from describing it, and have postponed 6 lengthy article concerning the interesting metal for the
 &lnera- Resources of the United States Tor lSsE' Gm glad To be able nov tO iurnIsh a short article for the Engineer Ing and Mining JournsL
 The gold mines which produce ysna- date ot lead are fifty miles north from Tucson, Arizona, and when there in No vember, ls>i, [ detected the "red lead' ol the quartz to be none other than ths beautiful, scarlet yanadanite which I had seen in Europe.
 With the sId Of Dr. F. A. Genlh. i. was proven that the abundant brown crystals were the yanadate of lead snd zinc. After one sees these rare and striking crystals he easily recognize, them again. The minerals descholciz. .a aud vanHdanite occur in large crystals covering the surface oi seam, and sometimes a pocket large enough to ad mt both hands. The vanada;as occur chiefly, however, Bs small or as micro scopic crystals in the gold quartZ. As our mines we're developed. and She building oi the 30-slamp mill was com menc q, arrangements were begun t. furnish the United states with cOnceu- tTates for the mskICg of yanEiic acid and yCuaGgte of aumoaiG. To-day, the rather small requirements of this coun- try arc supplied by this Mammoth mine. aud it is hoped that the late sale of the mines to an English compsny may lead to a supply gong abroad.
 The price ol vanadic acid IS now one third Its former cost, and consequently, its uses may extend. The concentrates. carrying about S5 per cent of vHnadium minerals, is sold tO Phlladelph chemical company for l2is cents ne. pound In Arlznns. At present. the y3uGlIc Hc-t and iis ammonia com pound is sr ely used ss un OxidIz.ur agent in tlo production of aEl.iue black.
 NanadiIm minerals have besn kunwI tC exist IL this country. Dr. KeGth found them il Mex.cl iu several forms. And in Avizonl. Cll varieties of the red and brown vluld,tes are known to exist iu Piual, Nu-g, Mohayc. and MaricopR counties. The Mammoth mine has al forms. and also maiy ybdGte of i5at. NBnGiIu-u Is BlsO found in Montana and California,
 A gold HIne like the Mammoth is obliged Co concentrate the tsilings for the gold. The concentrates carry about $40 gold and Sj si.ser per ton. The larger part of its concentrates goes 10 Pueblo smeitiEg works for the gold. the vguadiuTn ba'C- as valueless tJ iha 70 "a n A .TH
 The vaasdium mino Tlls make up about ;wo per cent of ;hc o-e and their occur renee, instcsl Of sulT hlrets. hhs beer a puzzlc. as thIs IS the first known gold producing mine hRv1g vanadates for the mineral of tho gold quartz,
 The metal vsnadIum WAS discoveaed about fifty years ago, but little vBs known ot It until lS61, when Prof. ROs- COG, of England, finished his valuable special studies. Tine metal resembles sntimony, and probably only few ounces have been produced. The vana- dIc acid has the rich orange color Of the n neral sysnadaniie, and parts with its oxygen as indicated.
 NsnadRnite has been found in Scot land and Russia. But the case with which the Arizona supply comes to IT rke' makes it appear that the United states could supply bl. demands.
 4 little arsenic acil md phosph1ric Ccid is associated with ths Sauad. If ! lead and zInc at Mammoth.
 T ihgse discoveries have resulted iu ex- aminstious of the ore ny the COiors h | Scientific Society. by the Royal ACsd- l emy of Vienna, ard numerous mine -sl- | ogl-;F Of Europe and America,
 r. vas privilege t1 furnish the B-it- | ish Museum and Royal Academy both | by reqUestl with collections Of choice | specimens, though our American miner | alogist. Dr. Genth, has received the | collection I ever obtained.
 By means oi the larger crystals tis | previous views as Co crystalline form | were confirmed.