Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1887-05-07

through shore lines OF steam navigation and over
great trunk lines OF railway. The herdsman in
Mexico, be he Spanish Or Mexican Is an important
factor worthy OF consideration. The hacienda toe
vast In its domain TO be cultivated, becomes the
ranging ground for vast herds OF horses, cattle,
sheep aud goats. The herder is q unique SOmbre-
rOed Buffalo Bill cowboy on horse or mule back
LOoped on the horn or his saddle he carries his
1asSo, which he throws with wonderful dexterity
over the head OF some refractory flying animal
In the valley OF the AtOyac our party saw q race
for miles between herder and fleet fleeing horse
Irrigating bitches were leaped fences scaled sharp
corners turned, the herder nearing his victim stood
In his StirrupS and vainly threw his laSSO The
frightened victim, wheeling flew like the wind,
far away across the valley, bearing with him the
sympathies OF sixty excited tourists There are
many ranches in the republic which are the feed
ing ground for 10000 70 1000 head OF CATTLE The
carcasses OF the fattened animals slaughtered by
rancnmen are cut up into strips, sprfnkled with
salt and lemon juice, and wrapped for day in the
animals hide, after which the meat is hung up in
the sun, and when dried is baled ready for market
The tali0w Is run into the nav OF the animal and
Is merchantable commodity, and tallOW dips are
on sale everywhere in shops In city and country
Mexico has great wealth In It's mines Of precious
zero, rubieS in Durango topaz in San Louis Pc
tOsi, garnets In MOreas, eneralds In the state OF
Mexico, agates in HidalgO, and IN QueretarO are
found the choicest variety Of fine opals OF any in
the world. and tourists here can purchase precious
stones with an Infinite variety of play OF cOlors
from fire red TO the most delicate violet blue.
Quicksilver, which Is an essential necessity in
the reduction OF Ores is found In various points
III the republic, anu VaSC QuaQtlLleS OF this
product are used In the mining districts. An
cient mines OF ODSidtan are found in many To-
caiities. This volcanic glass was called by the
Aztecs '.tzl" knife, or bright stone In all parts
OF Mexico knives, spear heads and other imple-
mentS are found, eytdencing the many uses to
which this article was put by the early inhabi-
tantS. MexfcoS great bonanza lies, doubtless, in
the mines OF gold and silver. These are found In
territory 500 miles In extent, running through
the states OF chihuahua, Sonora, ZacatecaS, San
Luis POtOsi, Guanajuato, H1dalgO and Oaxaca
Rich argentiferOus veins are found in the elevated
range OF volcanic rocks which, in some long ago
period, were lifted up by the force Of internal
fires, forming continuous mountain range run
ming, In a SOutheaSterly course, entirely through
the republic. In the southern portion Of this
range, in the state OF Oaxaca, very rich gold de-
postts are found. There are also evidences that
stores OF silver and gold by washing the sand Of
the riverbed or by sinking shafts into the noun
tains History throws but little light upon the
arts, devices and works OF the Totec race but Of
the Aztecs, COrtez, AFTER cOnquertng MOnJeZuma
In 1520, secured a lis6 OF all the mines being
worked at that period, and learned the methods
by which they had secured such profusiOn of
gold, silver and other precious metals. The first
shipment OF silver rom the conquered Spanish
province was made In 1522, from Pachuca the
capital OF Hidalgo whose mines had been worked
by the Indians for generations before the con-
quest. Cortez stripped the conquered Montezeuma
OF all his ancestral treasures his gold and silver
and sent over y7,OOO,O 600, OF which he was de-
spoiled, as present TO the king OF spain. At the
beginning OF this century there were more than
These, for the most part descended from father