davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
The Apple MaggOt.

This new pest, known also, we be-
lieve, as d" the railroad worm," is doing
far more damage than the Goblin moth
where it has got foothold. The
Maine Farmer says of it:
The apple maggot seems to be con-
tinuing its work of destruction to the
apple crop. From the knowledge we
have of its ravages we should say that
the pest is on the increase. In our own
orchards they are not equally de-
structive in different years. The past
fall they were much more destructive
than ever before. Previous to this
they have confined their work to early
sweet apples, but last fall soft pulp
tart apples shared the fate of the sweet,
till they worked large damage. We
would like to learn from the readers of
the Farmer whether there is any APP
pearance of the insect in the winter
fruit of any kind at the present time
and to what extent it carried on its
work on the early fruit. 1t seems some
orchards have entirely escaped its pres
ence up to the present time. Presi-
dent Pope of the Pathological Society
informs us that he has never found the
insect in any of his fruit, In private
letter, recently received, Judge Gilbert
of Bath states that his enemy " threat
ems to make an end to apple culture !"
with him. "Not High-top, a Dean, a
Gravenstein or Winthrop Greening for
the table-the apple maggot claims
them ALL" He further writes, " With
a large and fine assortment of summer
and autumn fruit we have not now,
and have not had, decent apple to
eat. The Orange apple, which we find
the best for dressing, was largely de-
stroyed by the same enemy and some
of the winter apples also suffer-"
Like our contemporary, we should
be glad to receive facts in relation to
the spread of this worm in Vermont
and to the extent and character of the
injury inflicted by it upon the orchard:
of the state.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Farm and Garden Notes.

AGRICULTURAL labor is paid three or
four times as much here as in England,
and yet our farmers are swapping the
English markets with their products.
OLEoMARGARINE and butterine have
now recognized place and will be
tried on their merits. People who
want these substitutes for butter can
buy them for what they really are, and
the price must be be regulated accord
ingly.
THE comparative merits of cotton
seed and new-process linseed meals as
stock foods are under discussion. From
the chemical standpoint the cotton-seed
meal is the better; but from the prac-
tical side the linseed meal is at least its
full equal for the same moneys worth.
"THE Guinea-fowl," remarks the
National Stockman, els a great for
ager and destroys many insects that
the hens will not touch. They do not
scratch in the garden, and, though not
easily kept near the house, they make
known the places where they lay by a
peculiar noise, which enables one ac-
customed to them to find all the eggs
they lay. They really cost almost moth
ing to raise, and when roosting near
the house create an alarm should in
truders make their appearance.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12

not the least doubt. In the meantime
we have now on our table two very
promising varieties of Aports from the
DR.. Regel collection, viz: Juicy (No.
1857. This is true Aport, which has
been fruted here and at many other
points. Mr. A. G.. futile of Baraboo,
quantity for market, and says: 1t is a
model market apple, of fine size and
form, brilliant color, firm texture of
flesh and fair for desert use and best
for cooking. Season, September and
early October"
"Rosy Aport (No. $500. A. l..
Hatch of Ithaca, Wis, sends us samples
of this fine Aport, with nattering state
ments in regard TO hardness of the
tree, habits of bearing and the value of
the fruit for home use and market.
With us the tree is hardy and has borne
specimens on fve-year-od trees in nur-
sery. Season, September.
Ukraine (No. 200).-A true Aport,
from which we have favorable reports
from many sources. Fruit much like
Northern Spy, but with far more color.
This dry year its coloring is gorgeous.
Aport Seeding (26D. OF this we can
only say that in tree and fruit it is, so far
as tried, very satisfactory, and the
same may be said of Aport (No. 252),
Summer Aport (No. 1869, Enormous
(No. 39S) and Vasilis Largest (No.
97D, all of which are members of this
interesting family"
In regard to No. 81, called "Vasilis
LARGEST - Mr. Gibb saws il should be
translated " Basil the Great" but
we suspect that when rightly under
stood the Russian name, Vasilui Well
kui(?), will be found to mean "The
Great King" Besides the Aports
mentioned above we find among those
sent to us by Professor Budd one called
"Aport Oriental" of which, however,
we have no description.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
The Agricultural College.

Editor Messer says: "Dr Hoskins
has been one of the ablest and most
bitter enemies that the State Agricul-
tural College has found among the
farmers of this state since it was incor-
porated with the University. In re-
cent issue of the Waterman he makes
a complete change of base and an
nounces himself as the firm friend of
the institution"
This is another misunderstanding
We have always been friend of the
College, and solely as friend we have
criticised a management which has
kept it studentless for the now more
than twenty years of its corporate ex-
istence. Three years ago we said, in
these columns, that we should cease
further comment on the matter, so long
as it was evident that the farmers of
the state cared little or nothing about
it, The recent action of the legisla-
ture (Which by unanimous vote APP
proprated SO 800 year for an expert
ment station, and placed the admins
tration of the fund in the hands of the
College management seemed to Offer
proper opportunity for us to say that
as this action indicated conclusively 6
purpose on the part of the whole peo
pie, and especially of the farmers, who
constitute majority of the legislative
body, to maintain the connection be
tween the College and the University
we should do all we could, as an indi
vidual and as an editor, to promote th'
usefulness of an institution upon which
rests the responsibility of wise ant
proper expenditure Of nearly $4,000
year of the public money. The mana
gers of the College are, as TO this in
come, public officials, and we look t
them to realize as they should that "
public Office is a public trust" TIL
farmers, as represented in the legisa
ture, have at last recognized the dut
of the state Gin somewhat indiret
manner, it is true) to make such a
addition to the generous gift of tn
general government as will make
effective in its designed purpose. W
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Native Stock.

A Stockman - in the Rural NeiC
YORKER complains that " native " cattle
are " sat down upon "by the managers
of our fairs, and says:
This is a great injury to the native
stock, of which by far the larger part
of our cattle is made up. What would
be thought if we were to close all our
common schools and encourage only
colleges and universities? 1t would be
about the same thing in principle as
ignoring the claims of the owners of
breeding stock not pure bred
The Ne,o England Farmer endorses
the views of the writer so far as to say:
Stockman's view is correct one, but
the farmers who have been " sat upon y
will keep right on breeding native cat
tie, whether their claims are recognized
or not, and the wiser ones will con-
stantly strive to improve them by lib
eral feeding and judicious crossing. No
pure-bred cattle can ever drive the ma
tives out of the country.
To this the Mirror and Farmer says:
Now we hope we can get an answer
to the question, What is native stock?
Are there any among our domestic ami
mails that did not descend from inn
ported stock? Can we not see that
stock is continually being improved by
crossing with full-blOOd animals? If
such stock has ever been useful to make
improvement, why is it not now to con-
tinue it? How can it injure the " ma
tive stock :" to acknowledge the merits
of the full -blOOds, from some of which
all the natives were descended? Would
it be advisable to give the premiums to
men who had not ambition nor enter
prise nor foreihought nor public spirit
enough to induce them to make some
improvement on the old brindle COW
and flap-eared hog which they inherited
from their ancestors?
To the Mirror and Farmer we would
reply: No, it would not be advisable
to give premiums to men who have not
improved their stock, nor is it proposed
to do so. What is proposed is to give
premiums to men who hare improved
and are improving the unpedigreea
g native " stock by good care, feeding
and selection, with or without an occa-
sional dash of some thoroughbred blood.
And we join with the Rural and the
New England Farmer in hoping that
liberal encouragement will be given to
those who are working in this direc-
ton 1t is what the formers of the
foreign breeds did, and won fame and
wealth by doing it.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Selected Recipes.

Boston BAKED BEANS.-Boil some
beans with piece of pork; when done,
take three pints of them and the meat,
put in pudding and dish season; then
pour one tablespoonful of molasses
over the top and bake to a nice brown;
eat either hot or cold.
POPCORN PUDDING. Pop some
corn nicely, then roll it as fine as you
can. One pint of the corn to one quart
of sweet milk; add small piece of but
ter, one tea-spoonful of salt, beat two
eggs with enough sugar to sweeten the
milk; mix all together. Bake twenty
minutes.
EsCALLoPED GOLDFISH. Butter your
pan well, put in layer of rolled crack
ers, (or dry. bread rolled fine will do),
then a layer of Goldfish picked into
pieces. Soak the fish only few min
utes in water. A sprinkling of pepper
a small lump of butter-tinish with a
layer of crackers. Cover with milk and
bake. This is almost equal 10 oysters.
POTATO PUFF.-Season mashed po-
tato with salt, pepper and butter, Gel
cry salt and chopped parsley if liked,
moisten well with cream or milk; for a
pint of potato use two eggs, whites
and yolks beaten separately Mix well
together and pile lightly in baking
dish and bake till pulled and brown,
which will take about fifteen minutes.
POTATO BALLS are made in the
same way, but less milk is used and
only one egg, part of which is rubbed
over the balls after shaping If too
moist they will not keep their shape.
Put the balls on a buttered tin and
bake in quick oven till brown. They
may be served by themselves in bed
of parsley, or bit stuck in each one,
or often they are placed around roast
or platter of fish.
To BAKE POTATOES by another way,
slice thin into cold water, then drain,
put in layers in pudding dish, season.
ing each with salt, pepper and butter,
cover with milk and bake till done. The
| potatoes will absorb nearly all the milk.
| POTATOES AUrGRATIN. For this the
potatoes are boiled and cut in dice,
covered with cream or milk and a layer
of grated cheese or cheese and crumbs
spread over the top; add little butter
and bake till brown.
| LYONNAIsE POTATOES are prepared
/ by frying tablespoonful of chopped
onion IN one of butter and one of
vinegar, if the acid is liked, then add a
| pint of boiled potatoes cut in dice and
seasoned with pepper and salt. Stir
with fork, that the dice need not be
broken till the butter is absorbed; add
chopped parsley and serve.
/ DREAMED POTATOES are cold pota-
toes cut in slices or dice and warmed
in milk, seasoned to taste. Broiled po-
tatoes are cut in thick slices and
Drowned over the Goals on broiler or
tOaster. They may be served with
meat gravy or cream sauce. Parisienne
potatoes are cut in small balls an inch
in diameter with vegetable cutter and
are either fried or broiled and served
with a cream sauce with plenty of pars
ley. Saratoga potatoes are cut i'll thin
slices, soaked in cold, sailed water,
drained, and dried on towel. Fry in
hot fat, which will brown while count
ing sixty.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12

should have much preferred to have
had this money given for farm, stock
and implements, especially as there
was and is prospect that the general
government will itself provide funds
for an experiment station. But at any
rate we have broken the ice, as it were,
and by this gift recognized, at very
late hour, the responsibility assumed
by the state when it accepted the gift
of the nation for the establishment of
an industrial school. The whole extent
of this responsibility may not yet be
felt, but it is something to have it ac-
knowledged, both by the state and the
University.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Household Notes.


Wives, sign no mortgages; they are
wills. Life being tain, You and
your husband may have willed all you
possess to a man. who has money to
spare.
UNDERGRADUATES should be made in
sets of three and worn turn and turn
about When they begin to wear out
the one the most worn can be taken to
repair the other two.
ANOTHER use for an old wash boiler:
Keep your silverware in it to prevent
its furnishing The gas which blackens
it cannot reach it if the lid is made to
fit tightly by shutting it over cloth or
paper.
As the mica in stoves often becomes
black and smoky, it is sometimes neces-
sary to clean it. For this purpose
take the mica out and thoroughly wash
it with acetic acid little diluted. II
the black does not come off at once, let
them soak little. Strong vinegar may
be used instead of the acid, but 1t Will
not produce as good an effect.
THE poetry of gardening is of course
among the flowers, and they grow best
for those that love them. They thrive
best with the womanly care that is in
born with the gentler sex to all tender
things, and in all branches OF horicul-
ture woman is at home-whether cult
walton, making up, pruning or potting
plants as salesman is decided
success
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Fertilizer Questions.

4" Mr.. Editor.-I have used for years
your formula for phosphate and like
it very much. The formula is bone
meal, ashes, cotton-seed meal and
bran. / have been told by good men
Chose whom | considered good men) to
use ashes for a dryer instead of cotton
seed meal and bran. What want to
learn is this, Which is the best to do,
keep on with your formula, drop the
cotton-seed meal and bran and use
ashes for a dryer, or use all ashes in
stead of a phosphate? | can buy all
the ashes / want seven miles from
home for twenty-five cents per bushel.
Is ashes perfect fertilizer or not
A SUBSCRIBER"
REPLY BY THE AGRICULTURAL Ed
IToR.-We have ourselves used ashes as
a dryer to the ashes and bone mix
ture, and have found this to answer
every purpose for crops that do not re-
quire much nitrogen-such as beans,
peas, corn and clover. The ground
raw bone contains about two per cent
of nitrogen, but when this is extended
with two barrels of ashes, and then
another barrel of the same for a dryer,
the mixture -four barrels) has only one
half pound of nitrogen to every hun
dred pounds, /. e., one-half of one per
cent. For potatoes, the small grains,
common grasses, and on some soils for
corn, this is not nearly enough nitro
gen, and still less is it enough for
onions and many other garden crops.
This is why we have advised the use of
cotton-seed meal and bran, both of
which are rich in nitrogen, as dryer
for the bone and wet ashes formula.
When these are used there is also an
advantage in the fact that the mixture
can be sown with the bare hands with
out making them sore by the caustic
action of the damp ashes.
In reply to the last question, wood
ashes is not a perfect fertilizer, be-
cause it contains no nitrogen. Be-
sides this, it is not well balanced
fertilizer, having too much potash in
proportion to its phosphoric acid. The
right proportions for most crops is
about sixteen per cent of phosphoric
acid and four per cent each of potash
and of nitrogen. Unleached hardwood
ashes contains about eight per cent of
potash, with two per cent of phosphoric
acid and no nitrogen. BY adding cot
ton-seed meal, containing six per cent
of nitrogen and three per cent of phos-
phoric acid, and raw bone, containing
four per cent of nitrogen and twenty
five per cent of phosphoric acid, all in
the right proportions, we get mixture
which will possess the three elements
about as they should be.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
A DOll's Trunk.

A nice dolls trunk can be made of a
large cigar box. Nail the lid on firmly
and then have the box sawed in two
parts, one inch below the top. The mar
row piece is for the lid. If long hinges
cannot be easily obtained glue on
piece of cloth, to connect the cover
and body. To represent zinc trunk
cover the box with silver paper. Paste
this on and to represent the strips of
wood, such as are seen on trunks, paste
ON strips of MANILA paper and add
black paper to give the appearance of
iron braces. Perhaps a eanvas-covered
trunk is preferred. For this glue on
brown duck cloth. and finish the same
as the zinc. The inside should be
lined with paper,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
The ABORT Family of Apples.

Professor J. l.. Budd writes to the
IO,Ua State Register that in the collec-
ton of Russian apples, introduced by
the Department of Agriculture and by
the Iowa Agricultural College, we now
have, under different names, fully a
dozen varieties of the Aport family,
nearly all of which are smaller than
Alexander Qhis, like Constantine, be-
longs to the same family, highly col
ored and really good in quality for
fruits of large size.
"That some of the best of these
Aports will soon become popular
market fruits, to follow the members OF
the Duchess family in season, we have
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
The Question Box.

Cows HoRNs.-A. Reynolds, Da-
kota reader, writes: IF any of the
lady contributors of your paper know
how to prepare cows horns for orna-
ments she will greatly oblige by pub
fishing the whole process of cleansing
and polishing in your paper"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
A FRIENp has kindly called our at

A FRIEND has kindly called our at
tention to an error, in some recent re-
plies to fertilizer questions, where we
stated that commercial muriate of pot
ash has about fifty per cent and the
sulphate about tifty-fve per cent of
potash. The latter should have been
"about forty-three per cent" The mis-
take was made by following the wrong
line of dots in the table and giving
the potash in pure sulphate, instead of
in commercial muriate,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Chisel in hand stood sculptor hoy,

Chise in hand stood sculptor hoy,
with his marble block before him,
Waiting the hour when at Gods command
An angel dream passed DER hlms
He carved that dream on the yielding stone
With many sharp incisiOn
And with heavens own light the sculptor shone-
He had caught the angel vision.
Scuiptors of life are we as we stand
With our souls uncarved before us,
Waiting the hour when at Gods command
Our life dream passes DER us.
If we carve 1t then on the yielding stone
With many a sharp incision,
Its heavenly beauty shall be our own,
Our lives that angel vision
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
advertisements.
A Great Victory
A Terrible Case Of Scrofula
Cured by
Hoods SarsapariIla

In the winter of 1870 I was attacked with
Scrofua in one of the most aggravating forms.
At one time / had no less than thirteen large
assesses over and around my neck and throat,
continually exuding an offensive mass of
bloody matter disgusting to behold, and
almost intolerable to endure. 1t is impossible
to fully describe my sufferings, as the case
was complicated with Chronic Catarrh. After
three years of misery, having been treated by
three physicians, / was worse than ever.
Finally, on the recommendation of w. j.
Huntley, druggist, of Lockport, was induced
to try Hoods Sarsaparilla. And HOW, after
having taken twelve bottles, within the last
twelve months. the scrofulous eruptions have
entirely ceased, and the assesses have all
disappeared except the unsightly scars, which
are daily becoming smaller by degrees, and
have done for others, but ! do know that in
my case, Hoods SarsapaTilla has proved an
effective specific indeed. AS an evidence of
my gratitude [ send these facts unsolicited,
and am ready to verify the authenticity of
this cure, by personal correspondence with
any one who doubts it," CHARLES A.. ROE
ERTs, East Wilson, N. Y.
This statement is confirmed by w. J. Hunt
ley, druggist, of Lockport, n. V. who calls tho
cure a great Uictory for Hoods Sarsaparilla.
Send for book giving statements ofmanycur
Hoods SarsapariIIa
Sold by all druggists. 81 six for IS. Made
only by G. 1. HOOD g. CO., Lowell, Mass.
u~O n--~- N~@ n>Il4~
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Your Children

Are constantly exposed to danger from
Colds, Whooping Cough, Group, and
diseases peculiar to the throat and
lungs For such ailments, Ayers
Cherry Pectoral, promptly admins-
tered, affords speedy relief and cure.
As a remedy for Whooping Cough.
with which many of our children were
afflicted, we used, during the past win
ter, with much satisfaction, Ayers
Cherry Pectoral. For this affection, we
consider this preparation the most eff
cacious of all the medicines which have
come to our knowledge. Mary Park
hurst Preceptress, Home for Little
Wanderers, Doncaster, Md.
My children have been peculiarly sub
ject to attacks Of Group, and | failed to
find any effective remedy until | COM
menced administering Ayers Cherry
Pectoraf. This preparation relieves the
difficulty Of breathing and invariably
cures the complaint. = David G.. StarkS,
Chatham, Columbia Co., n. Y.
I have used Ayers Cherry Pectoral
in my family for many years, and
have found it especially valuable in
Whooping Cough. This medicine allays
all irritation, prevents inflammation from
extending to the lungs, and quickly sub
dues any tendency TO Lung Complaint.
j. b. Wellington, Plainville, Mich.
I find no medicine so effective, for
Group and Whooping Cough as Ayers
Cherry Pectoral. 1t was the means of
saving the life of my little boy, only six
months old, carrying him safely through
the worst case of Whooping Cough ever
saw. Jane Malone, Piney Flats, Tenn.
Ayers Cherry PectoraI,
Prepared by Or. J. c. Aver x Co., Lowell Mass.
Sold by all Druggists. Price 81; six bottles, So.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
Gbe 9ouseboIo.

esE- Communications for this column should be
sent to Or. 7. II. Hosklns Newport Vt
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12

THE MISSES BRIDGMAN, graduates OF the Mon
roe school of oratory and dramatic Art, are pre-
pared to give instruction In yoiceculture, expies
Son gesture and rendition. They will respond to
calls for associations, lecture courses literary and
church societies. I. q, address, Hardwick, VI.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1887-01-12
OLIVER OiTSON &CO., Boston,

fG@ Books mailed for retail price. Send for
lists and descriptions.