The Hawaiian gazette., 1887-10-04
THE ARMY AND NAVY ACT !
Is It Constitutional =?
OPINION OF THE Ju-
DICIARf.
DERAS-NENr ~ rEss JUnC1NEx,
ttoNoEUrC, II. T.. Sept. -. 1887

rs rgsvr,faea c,srg2ss ~. SS8fegys Is
sr5esg-e,rssrrs5-SIS f1e justices 81 The ST.
p-s1ss Court hSvs nsG shs hoGor 10 receive
tro1a yo,r kxee1isncy letter dated the 2st1
Instant. Csl1sStloc, % oeaSlt q ms Ma
lsS-y> Cabinet. by VlEsSe - the PROVISIONS
~ Article 10 os tha Constitution. the opinion
o. the JuSsSess u The follovlUS questions,
- WIS
Elgss-~ n,zS the Act q the I.sSjslatars.
entitled An Aes 10 O-SSalEs the Military
Forces 0s the hll-Sos,. Spp7ovs5 the SgSt
Gsv % OcscAs-. lSSS and bSs0c Chapter
MI. a. The Session Laws Of 1886, coatzg-
vs.le ses Cor SsisGsso, - 5GlS hluS1oco, 2,o6
: Ssi1 Ac; ~ any para thereof. Caca1Sil;C-
ts1Csl. fo- shy reason. sSpScialiy for any Of
s1e rsSSo2S hSrssusEssr enumerated -u,sn-
E2o1l1S four.
Ne discuss tAs sscoad sl,sce3 reason first.
Il rs&Gs:
e Tez. Section > a sAl5 Act expressly par-
po-sS 80 roSSs the Chief ot STAT. under The
siske q s1eslSGs- General, the Commander
lc-C1lst q Sil TIE armed forces OF the King
dom. under the Supreme Command 81 HIS
Msls>tv IS GSGs-SllSSslO. whereas Article -
q the Constitution provides INST '-ths hing
i the ConESn6s-~in-Coiefo q the Army And
Navy. &ad Of Sll O.heg military fO7csS Of the
hlng1or BY So Snd tIlid.
he Section o. the Act reads IS follows
Section > There sh2l be $ SsaE. the
Chef OF vhich shall hold the rank Sni title
Of Iss1ssc&ct-Gs1s-Sl. appointed and COM
ulSs,01s6 By HIS Majesty shs hing, 10 hold
oScs daring HES MSlsStv's pls&S1rs. This
o1cs- S1Sll be Chief Of sill
the Srus6 forces OF the klaE6Ou. under the
S1p-S-s Command Of His Majesty rs Gsrsr-
sllSs-1o.'
We notice tbs Irco2sruisy Of the Chief Of
S.2@ hs1nS the ClDnAn5Sr-in-Shlsf,
positions which Eozl6 seem 10 be i1conpssl-
be Ec- tEs Ss2E : composed Of sub
ordinate O-ScszS sbo1t Superior officer, who
sxsccts his commands and shsir head Is t&S
Chief Of S-z5. Il Is impossible 10 see how
one person c2n bs the : Com sndsE-In-
S-aE." Bat The ireOup1tlbihEy OF two
CsScss. o2s o. which Is subordinate 70 the
o1cs-. beng had oy the sane person. : =
natter Of Construction. and does nos AFFECT
he srlvs- question Of the coCStIsGE1o1AlIsy
Of ths Acs- We PCT IL II this -Sy- HIS Ma
rsS-v :. Hy Article = Of tEs Consultation, the
Co-,--2rlss--ic-C'nisf Of the Sruay Gni navy
GcG q SII cshs- L1llItSry forces OF ths King
DOR Tue Aes II question authorizes His
Majesty % appoint s Co-ol12cGsE-IC-Ccisfo OF
81 the G-Cs6 forces o. the Kingdom. under
the supreme o1-Cz-l Of his Majesty -
Gs-s-zIfSSlr-C We are Of opinion tca. a
f1cc-111 which Ths Constitution hiss CON
fsr-sl Gpo2 HIS MsIss1y, he cannot delegate
70 s-0aEs-. unless m warrant Tor This dele
lCzs-f-r.si1-- AID wcg. HIS MzIsS-y e3nD1s
O. = this respect The Legislature cannot TO
CT en- Ec-Ee2E- LcS-s certainly cannot Dc
$3.50 Commanders -i---C 1ist OF the SINE Sruy
.s S2Es time ne section OF the Act
E-=- Consideration - II or opinion, re-
-E-zns 70 Article . Of the Constitution.
--z a this oulclCc. the appointment by
- King q s CorE1r1e--ir-CEIs OF all the
md forces Eo1li De without warrant OF
~. Tie duties therefore Gsy0lysd upon
sch 81 CEcsE by ths Acc. cannot Be per
EoruaG. TIE conclusion So which Es hzTs
arrived Eo1ld make II unnecessary 10 COT
Sltsr lhe oths- rsaSocs put forth Why other
paris q TIE AcE are ClallS-IcCtIocaI- o11 IS
CIR orE1io-s zrs asked upon them. Es VII
give tksC-
rs E-ss one STATED IS
STEz1 Sec-i1z Of sid Act. while making
the MlEls-=- Of Eo-ei-l A1zIrs Secretary OF
N4- a-1 u the NzTy and responsible 10 SC
c5--s for z-L dis crs5EscEs made On account
q 1E= Military O. naval organization does
11s. III c1ss any o-ne- section O SAID Ac1
L-TsS- 5zsEz- the sad Minister OF any OsE5E
CGrI1=z Minister Nth 91v C1rses c1-G-ol 0veE
s-c1 expenditures, In Section l. the dulles
q the A1LEIs1sr Ct Fu-siE1 4Egirs : Ssc-s-
sz-T q War and AZ the Nzvy GEs 10 ssco1u5
11r sLl E1-t5s C1S5-rseG by she Military and
Naval Department ard 70 sccsps and spproTs
al drafts 1pc- The 1rsas-rT Therefor
EE= Department o. War and Of E-= Navy and
1Lz- Ms approval 0E dr1fls upon the
I-szs--T = ESSENTIAL o. tLsv cannot b
rE.1- We EC-5ce tEzr this s=c-tl- does
nj cs1-tsr mon the Minister the author
lily 10 draw O. sign tbs drafts UPON
us I-5Es1rF. md L EC1I6 seem 6E the lax
.z- part n SsciIgz : Of the Ac. that this a.
t11-Ity US conferred upon ne Chief q
S-E-. MS -5E-S- - III drafts upon the mill
czrv sc-zn1s=- and naval appropriations
s-zL Dc Ez1= gA he CEI5E Of StEE
t. L Z r=z- by and COz c1r0CCG@ tie
C-.1I1T Eo1-1 d Cleared Up. Bat tks
section e1ss q ID szT that the Chief u S5zE
=E1 Il must ts remembered : T1e Con-
rz-l5=r-iz-slz izEI --sEzu Submit the SzEs 10
rs SECRETARY q war z-1 Of tEs NAVY tur sr-
--TTE--T LE= p1EE- 70 auIr1Ts implies EEz
rcEs- 20 5lsauu.uTe Bz- tE= section saws
f-clE=-- 1-JTl1-C thai ID liability OF ELpel-
----r= sal b IZcEEr=1 without the E1p-uTzl
II writing u the Co-1sz1s--Ic-lzL=1 &c
luis c1-tz-s 1-s zztE1-Ity 10 L-c-r EEue-cI-
1-zE s1-=lT On EE= C1z-z-s-l1=-------I =-. z1E
7 L 11zE=-= expressly given 10 -1= S=c-stsrT-
11z -c--Zz1c= r-L--slE -l=- = --rrE=- required
% ezEs5 r-1Ee- T5-eL=-s for tie szE= ttEs
eLlz--1t--st ID accompany szEL r=sl-Is11L11
tC- DRAFT --C- -E= EZC-Ie LE=ss1rT. EEicl
T1-c-z- S-z- C5 retained 1E the S=cE5ssryy-
THIS TC--1 imply thai tEs Co--Ez11z--lC-
Chef = u sz11 9 =C-lsg-111 Tor Z daft %
-1= c=cC=-zrT VIM : - make tEE draft o.
rE= Lrsss-E- Bl Il L I-e1Esi=-zzE With the
F-=FI11s par. q this section and EI1E Seeti1E
I. Ehlc1. = IS Lzv= seen e1zfsE the p,1Esr
C- tz5 ct.--s-zrF U=-sLF q gEEr1riag tbs
drafts and Mt Of CrzEI-z them
L L c----L- II Ezk= sense uEr Of this lsE-
il : a5s1r1 70 rsszz-= the ~seeep-zncs and
zrF-1Tzl b. the SsscEz-srT OF z draft which
d L ElEsz-E tJ-rrzE- am Il & equally sb-
szr1 u Ezzs -6= ErI1zE1 approval q the
Comm lzr-I--Gt--=t l1s only s1thoEi-F for
tn eEp=--Il1rs q E0z=F o. IrczrrIng Of La
hlLIsy and II tE= ssE= tine 10 require the sp-
pr1Tzl q EE= SECRETARY Cpo1 drafts far their
rsEEsZE- Ii rEs CoZzz16sr-iz-S7hlef hss
z15E5rlzsd tbs IEcErrizg Of any liability the
LsE L satisfied and tEs S=.reseEF uzs1 .-<p-
p-0T=-
II or 1plzl5z The 4-t DIES lot invest the
S=s-r=szrT q war and u zh= Mary o. any
glh=- CzbIzz4 Minister win any c01tros of
tn 1ls1zrse-rE1;s f1- zsagzEE If tie ErIlTEsrF
or naval 0-gzzlzztl01- Bz- z= Which
pLzess thz E=spolzIoIlifF II. tie dls51rs-
Z=EE q p15lIe uz1Eiss beg7zd tE= c11tZol q
z1T r=spo-=I6l= Minister q tEs CrOzn- :
- T.