davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

7 w.BREw Gt, Attorney and Counsci lot a,
-. Law. and Notary Public. Rooms s, 4 10, Opor,
House Block. Ottawa III.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30
SCIENCE AND PROGRESS.
A CLOCK WITH A NOlSsLESS MOTION
DESIGNED FOR SICK ROOMS.

Interesting Cases of Persons tn Whom
Certain sounds Call Up Certain Coiors.
Explanation of u Trick Originally Per-
formed by Robert Houdin.
The magic ball depicted in the accompany
ing illustration has been, of late, introduced
into the toy shops AMI presents the appear
ance externally of the one used in the famil-
lar toy known rs the "cup and ball" Ex-
tending through its center is n straight cylin-
drical aperture, and when cord is passed
through the latter the ball easily slides
Clong it,
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

IL Y. 6RIC3CiS, Druggist. Rockefeller ana ste
II. ton er, OttAga, ~. SrCUnd store n Na.tG.tr'
9l0ck s0uthsl" ~ Court nnuse Square.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

~ 9RICiCiS, Attorney and Counselor NJ Law
". ONCE In LynCh's block. Main street, Ottawa. Ill
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

~ * fItH-I4. German Drngglst ana Apotn'
vi. cary. CwhOlctNe Rud ro'nil,) Mau street, Jttt
wa, H. Importer pt Drugs. Chemicals French COsn'
~ lrander wine. &c
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

nR. q. NIII.IfGI, the veil known Ocu's
~ and hurlg'. D'f1 ~ III. once. over Lyuths an
goods store, Main street
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

nS. w NJ. - l, EfARp, Member VI "a,
~ Royal College Ol terinsry Surgrons, Ehglsnd
yellow Of the London ,eierinary Medical hssoratOu
also Veterinary Edi or DAnIotIs HpuitQt IN, !Iu
can he cor suited ~ hs ONCE. Lafayette St ang'
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30
II M. BASCOM. NJ. H.,

NR. =. -. tT BURN, Ottawa. H. On'ce In
~ Opera House Block In office day and night
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

~. BULL. LEsTKR n. srEAwE g. W. RuGRR
DULL, STR "A WIN * RUGEk, Attor
- neys and Counselors at Law. Otfcr over Cit
drug Store corner OF La SALE and Madison streets OF
tawa, III. janS.Si
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30
Professional IarDa.
a TIC r " G V y

I ORk.N 10 LEILA ~ -. Attorney and Coun
Illinois. mar5S
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

III n. ARMSTRONG Attorn, and Coup
vi seor NJ Law, Ottawa III. Notary ublic. ONO.
In 0edney's Block. ottawa iun5.sO
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

J. W. DUNCAN. Al. OoSoR.
nIJNtA ~ ~ O'CONOR, Attorneys Al
~ Law. ONCE In tutterer a MeLger's block, east
Of curt house, ottawa. Illinois. July29S2
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

HIRAM T. aILBERr. JANIS H. kCKELs.
EII.BE.Rr ~ Eek IS, Attorneys anC
VI COunscOrs al Law. Futtcrcr Il Metzger's Block
east Of Court House. sep1.S
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30

u y. LINCOLN, Attorney At Law. Onc'
-. over No 10 Ia Sale street. west side II tn,
q irt House. Ottawa, III. july97o
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30
p Nv $40 a N

mr.. CHARITY SA ~ Df:ItS, successor
- Ia DIR. AlCnda hutcn. once bpcru House Block
Ottawa III. Telephone, No. ~ scpl3
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-07-30
TEMPTATION OF JESUS.
EXPLANATORY NOTES BY REV. r.
S. M'ARTHUR, D. D.

lesson V OF the international Series
CThird Ouartcr), for sunday, July 81.
Text OF the Lesson, Matt. ~, Ill.
Golden Text, Heb. IL, ID.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

Alfred Krupp, the famous German met
al founder and manufacturer of steel
cannon who died in his villa near Essen,
in Renish Prussia, was born in 1872.
His father founded the steel works at
Essa sixty years ago on a very small
scale, employing only two workmen.
Alfred, after the works came in his poses
sion, discovered method of casting
steel in large masses. In 1851 he sent to
the London exhibition a crucible block
of steel weighing pa tons. and to the
Paris exhibition of 1867 one of 40 tons.
His works became the largest in the
world. They cover about one thousand
acres. Twelve thousand men are en-
ployed there, making with those in the
mines, smelling works, and otner depart
ments of the business, total nearly of
twenty thousand men in the employ Of
the manufacturer. Krupp was kind
master. He built good dwelling houses
for his men, pensioned his old employees
and established hospitals and system
of free medical attendance. Besides
cast steel he manufactured machinery
and furnished steel articles OF all kinds
He began making cannon in 1916, and il
is manufacturer of cannon that he is
chiefly known. He first manufactured
only small field pieces, but the terrible
execution done by his siege guns at the
siege of Paris brought him orders for
cam On from all parts of the world. He
shared the hatred Of his countrymen for
France, however, and would sell no can
mons to that country. Some of his pro
cesses in the manufacture of steel and
cannon making were kept profound Sc
crets, and the commission appointed by
our government a few years ago to study
foreign gun foundries were refused per
mission by Krupp to visit his works.
Krupp accepted the title of privy com
mercial councillor, but in 1864 he declin-
ed patents of nobility.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

eleven human fingers, scientifically cured
and tanned. The CHASTITY relic was cap
tured In an attack on the northern Chey-
eunes in 1876, and each finger represented
human life taken By the owner.
The Interstate commerce commission
in decision given at Washington Mon
day. on the question of reductions TO
commercial travellers, said the entire
spirit and policy Of the law are against it,
and that tickets sold to them at cheaper
rates than to the general public would be
unjust discrimination.
HE special treasury agent at Chicago
has made a report to the treasury depart
ment giving information in regard to
alleged violations of the customs laws in
the matter of importations of animals
for breeding purposes. The matter has
been referred to the collector at Chicago
for investigation aud report.
SECRETARY LAMAR today directed Robert
". Hunter, special Inspector of the gen
eral land Office now III Santa Fe, n. NJ,
to proceed at once to the public land
strip between the States of Kansas and
Texas, and notify all parties maintaining
unlawful fences therein that the same
must be removed at once. This order is
based upon information that consider
able portion of the territory named is oc-
cupied by large cattle companies which
have unlawfully inclosed large bodies of
public lands.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
Fishing and Catching Fish.
An erican Agriculturist.


The article, ''First Days Fishing" in
the May number of the American Agri-
culturist hit me just where my memory
is the longest. 1t recalls the time, over
sixty years ago, when my clothes were
wet. stsne bruise on my heel and toe
nail studded off, had just such an old
crooked fish-pole. [ then cut my fish
poles in the woods, and no one that has
never tried it has any idea what job ii
! is to get straight enc. A sapling looks
straight; you cut it down and trim it.
Then there are SO many crooks in it that
you reject it, and cut several more be-
fore you get one to suit. Any one who
ever cut fish poles knows how it is. The
boy asked what was the difference be-
tween going for fish and going fishing.
His father said to catch fish was to get a
few scaly things not worth much, but
going fishing was quite another thing. 1t
included the sunshine and the birds, and
the murmnr of the brooks, aud many
other things. That father was like thou
sands of others who go fishing and bring
home memories of pleasant hours of the,
murmuring waters and sunshine and
birds. But look in the basket may re-
veal no fish there, unless the usher has
met some boy on the stream vino did not
know Or care whether there were any
birds or sunshine that day or not, so that
he got the fish and sold them to the fell
low that was seeing everything else ex-
cept a favorable hole to cast his line.
Now [ don't say I never see anything
while | am fishing. [ do as much looking
about as any man when / ana not fishing.
But when am fishing do nothing else.
If the fish don't bite [ am wondering if
my bait is all right, and don't go long
without bite before I look at my bait
and make some change in it. II nothing
more, take it off and put it on again.
Then l jerk it little faster or little
slower and let it sink to the bottom, let
it lie minute, then give it sharp jerk,
and if there is no bite change places or
lot out the line and get the bait farther
away from me. IF fly fishing / have a
number of motions to give the fly. Some
times one motion will coax the fly fish to
bite and sometimes another. But I am
fishing all the time.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM NJ. DRUM, late Judge
advocate general, died Sunday, at his res
idence in Fairfax county, Va, aged ~.
AN electrical storm passed over por
tions of New Jersey, New York and Mas
sachusetts, Saturday, and the excessive
rainfall did great amount of damage.
THE Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce
Wednesday appointed a committee to
invite President Cleveland to visit Gin
einnati during his Western tour.
THIRTY kegs of powder in the Warren
powder mill, at Warren, Me-, blew up,
killing George Shepherd, workman.
The same mill was blown up six months
ago.
GENERAL HAMILTON, 4 schoolmate and
lifelong friend of ex-President s. Grant
is lying very i'll at his home in Milwaukee
Wis. He had been United States Marsh
al of Wiscon sin.
GRASS and brush fires are burning in
the neighborhood of Lafayette, Ind. St.
JOSE h's Orphan asylum was menaced
Wednesday by the flames, which, however
were extinguished by dust carried from
the road by the inmates of the institution.
The box factory and planning mill on
North Branch street owned by W. Hill
was totally destroyed by fire this morn
ing. The flames spread to adjoining
| property, swelling the total loss about
$4,000. The employees in the planning
mill had a narrow escape with their lives.
A young girl named Julia Dunn was
badly burned, and a number of fremen
were overcome by the heat.
AN Evansvillee Ind, dispatch states that
fire there destroyed the lumber yard
of the Armstrong Company, some 2,OO0,-
900 feet; Armstrong; saw-mill, stables,
and two dwellings, and the lumber yard
of John A. Reitz & Son, some 100000
feet; fifteen cars of grain on the Peoria,
Decatur and Evansville Railroad, and
large warehouse containing tobacco,
grain, and general merchandise. The
total loss is estimated at $25O,O00, on
which there is about 100000 insurance.
Most of the lumber was seasoned walnut,
ash and oak. Armstrong; factory was
saved with great difficulty. The fire is
believed to have been of incendiary
origin.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
MISSING LINKS.

Nobody suffers from the heat quite as
much as the tight-laced girl and woman
of the period.
Long Branch hotels COP tinua we'll filed
bot not any have yet had to turn anybody
from their doors.
The Saratoga season, now half gone
has not By any means me- the expecta-
tions of the hotelkeepers.
Texas las 40 counties, and is as large
as Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Wis
consin and Michigan combined.
Jersey City is owed arrears OF taxes
and assessments amounting TO So,ooO,-
900.
The Missouri is Jumping and dlssolV-
ing a number OF farms below 1ankton-
All the members of the Italian cabinet
have resigned on account of the death of
the premier, Signor Depretis. Signt
Crispi, minister of the interior in the
Depretis government, will form a new
ministry, composed mainly Of his recent
associates in the government.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
GRIM E.

ANOTHER active nest of anarchists has
been unearthed in Chicago. Their place
of meeting is at 1876 Milwaukee avenue.
JOHN CAMPFIRE, alias John Conway, who
is wanted at Baltimore for burglary, was
arrested at Pittsburg, Pa, Monday.
At Youngston, o., Monday, Ebenezer
Stanyard, convicted of the murder of
Alice Hancock, his sweetheart, in March
last was sentenced to be hanged Novem-
Der 18.
FRED O. HORTON, aged 26, of Brooklyn,
shot himself dead Wednesday night
Cause dependency and unrequited love.
MRS. LUCINDA STowELL, of Adrian,
Mich, arose early Thursday morning,
donned her garments, and walked half a
mile to the Lake Shore Railroad, where
she threw herself in front of a freight
train. Her body was horribly nangled.
AT Baltimore Thursday morning a
Bohemian woman, Mrs. Prajak, drowned
her babe in bath tub, then removed the
body TO her room, locked the door, and
cut two gashes in her throat. Her re-
covery is doubtful.
AT Wooster, Ohio, Wednesday night,
Austin McGlenen fired five shots from a
32-caliber revolver at Miss Matilda Weld
rich, young lady of % years, who re
fused to let him kiss her. Three shots,
took effect in her body. She will recover.
Her assailant is widower, and father of
three children.
AT meeting at Bath, Tuesday, of the
trustees of the New York Soldiers and
Sailors Home, Treasurer Robbie was GUS
ted, his books showing shortage of 49,
600, which his friends will make good.
JOHN LADNER fisherman at Bay st.
Louis, Miss, Tuesday beat his wife al
most to death with club. He then fed
to the house of neighbor and drove the
pointed blade of scissors through his
heart with blow of his fist.
The dry goods firm of LIE Boutillie
Brothers, of New York, Wednesday pro-
cured the arrest of Daniel Desmond, a
clerk, on charge of embezzling $4,000,
the proceeds of sales of laces.
FIRE at Evansville, Ind, Wednesday
morning destroyed the lumber yards of
the Armstrong Company and John A.
Reitz & Sons, fifteen railway cars laden
with grain, a large warehouse and it's
contents, Armstrong; saw-mill and stables
and two dwellings,. The loss is placed at
$15O,0OO, with comparatively little insur-
ance.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

mining as they would bet at faro, deal in
"heat optlons or engage IN any other
kind of gambling. They will not con-
slider that In order to succeed in mining
they must have a property from which
they can extract mineral. Such property
Is not to be obtained as a man draws a
prize IN lottery. 1t is got by hard work
ana close investigation, Joined with the
same kind of Judgment man exhibits in
buying real estate or purchasing a stock
of goods.
As soon as man brings himself to the
point of saying that he will chance a
certain sum IN mining speculation be-
cause he can afford to lose it. thel, he
may as well make up his mind to consider
his money as lost. The chances are very
great that it will be lost.
There is not much risk in legitimate
mining, and there is no better evidence
OF the truth of this than the fact that
Colorado capitalists very seldom lose
money In the mines. They hold on to
their money until they see a chance TO
invest 1t in piece of property that has
a good showing of mineral and which
they have personally, or through some
trusted agent, examined. If Eastern
men would do likewise they would softer
very few losses. Possibly SEINE of the
excitement of gambling would be taken
away from the business, but if, capitalists
are Investing for the excitement of the
game they must not blame the dealer if
they lose.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
THE PAPER MAKERS CONVENTION.

The tenth annual convention of the
American Papermakers' Association was
held at Saratoga, July %. The president
of the association, in his speech, stated
that business was prosperous and that
the present year promised to be profit
able one to manufacturers A petition
was presented by the president of the
American Labor Workers for reduction
by the association of the hours of labor
in the mills from - to 65 hours per
week. A majority report of the commit
tee appointed to consider the matter was
that it was not expedient for the associa-
ton TO legislate upon the business manage
ment of individual members, and the
convention adopted this view of the case.
United STAGES Senator Dawes made an ad-
dress on paper and Tariff" after
which the convention adjourned until
next year.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
Success in Mining.
Denver Republican

Denver b6puOilCdn
The Leadville Herald-Democrat makes
the following sage remark in regard to
the business of mining: "The idea that
only the lucky ones can mine at profit
is fallacy. Good judgment and capital
are the principal factors il successful
mining operations. Without these two
supports mining is indeed uphill work
There is in this much that it would be
profitable for Eastern capitalists to study
carefully st Louis has suffered great
deal from speculations in mining stocks
which have proved to be worthless, or at
the best of little value. st. Louis men
bought stock. Colorado men do not buy
stock. They buy mines when they wish
to invest their money in mining But be-
fore they invest they learn something
about what it is they are buy ing. They
unite good business judgment with their
capital, and so they make money.
But very many Eastern mine investors
think that they must needs engage in
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
FIRES AND CASUALTIES.

NEAR Monee, Ill, Monday, wild pas
senger train from Chicago to Kankakee
collided with freight train. Several
cars were smashed, and the loss is about
$4,000.
FORTY EIGHT horses were burned to
death in a fire at Nos. 43 to 40 West
Thirteenth street, New York, Monday.
The loss was almost $4,000.
JOHN II. THOMAS, ana Walter and Thomas
Hobble, while bathing near Smith S
Ferry, Iowa, were sucked into whirlpool
and drowned Monday.
Cousins named Oliver and Elmer Brcu-
baugh, sons of wealthy farmers of Con
gress Lake, Wis, were drowned Sunday
evening while bathing.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
4 Perilous P0stpOnement.

To postpone. when the duty for immediate &C
ton Is clear is always unYise. Especially Is II
so when increasing i'll heath calls for resort IL
medication Diseases of the kidneys and bladder
are often of swift growth-always of fatal Ten
dency if not copbatted at the outset We have
a.-eyen those of us VINO are not remarkably Wei
instr.cted-heard something of the danger at
tending Bright disease, diabetes. and otner dis
eases Of the kidneys or bladder. Let no che be
foolhardy enough to procrastinate if he per
cs.ives the renal organs to be inactive. Hostel
ter-s Stomach Bitters peculiarly adapted 70
ovei come this inacdon, to sufficiently stimulate
without exciting the kidneys and bladder. III
dnitely is this duretic be preferred TO the i'm
pune and fiery stimulants OF commerce, which
prove the bane Of unwary persons with q ten
tency to renal troubles. They likewise IN
comparable for dyspepsia, debility, fever and
ague, and biliouSness.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
WASHINGTON.

The relations between Germany and
Russia are growing more strained daily.
TIE Russian forces have made another
advance in Afghan Toorkistan, which
brings them just so much nearer to In
dia.
THERE nihilists who recently escaped
from Siberia were surprised by gendarmes
IN a forest near Riga, making dyna-
mite bombs. They resiste7 capture, and
two of them were killed and the other
mortally injured.
TIE war department has received at
Washington a necklace constructed of
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
FOREIGN.

The distinguished French general,
Pelissier, is dead.
The death Of the powerful Russian edi-
tor, Katkoff, has not caused Bismarck to
put Grape on his door.
The tribe Of Hazaris, who are located
west of Ghuzn ee, have refused to aid the
Ameer of Atghanistan in suppressing the
revolt against his authority.
ROBERT VERDIN (Unionist), member of
Parliament for the Northwich Division OF
Cheshire, is dead. The Liberals are con-
fident Of winning the seat made vacant
by his death.
A DISPATCH from Nizhnee- Novgorod
states that large naphtha store house,
containing 100000 pools 10000 tons)
of naphtha, at Balachna, twenty miles
northeast of Nizhnee-Novgorod, is on fire,
and that the flames have spread to the
structures inclosing other springs. A
n ortherly wind is blowing, and the fire is
extending.
THE Right Hon. Geo. Otto Trevelyan,
liberal, was elected over Evelyn Ashley,
tory. to the British house of commons in
the Bridgerton division of Glasgow The
vote at this election and at the last, III
the district, was as follows:
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
The Villain Still PursueS
Detroit Free Press

'Leok here, SIR" he said at the chief
clerks window in the Post Office. GIVE
been trying for an hour to unlock my
post Office box"
Eyes, / know it,"
"But the key won't fit"
ssOf course it won't. No mans front
door key will unlock his post Office box"
"Oh, yes, see. Yes, that's it. I got
'em mixed, of course. But look here, sir.
I want it understood that excuse none
of the shortcomings of the Post Office
Department on this accountant single
One,"
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

NATURAL gas has been fonud at Rocky
Ford, fishing resort six miles from Lin
coin. The water is forced up distance
of 100 feet with great force. The we'll
was dug and then bored thirty years ago
but left because this was something
queer" about it.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

DURING thunder and rain storm re-
Gently, at Pierre, d. T., Charles Hunt took
his family in cyclone cellar and went to
take last look at the storm. While at
the window he was struck by lightning
and killed. A hole large as pea was
found in his head; all his bones were
melted and his body turned perfectly
black.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11
The Medical Record has a special cabl

The Medical Record has a special cable
report of the last operation performed
on the throat of the crown prince of Ger
many. 1t says the operation of the
larynx was satisfactory, and his voice is
good, and general health excellent. The
Medical Record commenting on the re-
port says everything appears to be fav
orable save marked tendency to re-
currence of the disease which makes the
outlook not as encouraging as it might
he
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

Canada, by the supposed discovery that
the man Whalen, who was hang ed for the
murder of Darcy MCGEE, member of
the dominion parliament, some years ago,
was not the murderer. Doubts of Whal-
ems guilt were entertained at the time,
and now son of the woman with whom
MCGEE boarded has just died, leaving be-
hind him statement that Whalen and
another man were standing in front of
the house when MCGEE came home late at
night, and the other man, lawyer from
Quebec, took a pistol from Whalen's
hand, did the shooting, and fed.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1887-08-11

IT appears that the annual expenditure
of all the European powers for their
armies and navies is $3,667 100000.
sides this the annual interest on their
war debts, which aggregate over $24,-
00O,OOO,OOO, is nearly $1,OOO,O0O,0OO.
Their standing armies contain 100000
of men acting under arms, with trained
reserve of four times that number.