davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09

THE DIFFERENCE.-Au exchange says ::
"The man who places ten dollar advertise
ment in his local paper and fatters himself
that he is q liberal advertiser, will be sur
prised to learn that yearly advertisement
one column in length, in the Chicago Tribune
costs the advertiser $4,000. The New York
Herald receives for its lowest price column
$4,000, and for its highest $4,000; the
New York Tribune for its lowest S2S, 754 !;
and these papers, it is stated, are never at a
loss for advertising to 6ll their columns. The
fact is that careful, liberal advertising pays"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09
COUPONS.

VIRGINIA TAX.RECEIvABLE COUPONS,
which can be used to discharge tdxes on real and
persona, property school and cGpitation tazes due
the State, State licences fines, &C., flor sale at
hsauy discount.
Satisfactory written guarantees are given TO
purchasers which will save them harmless Oh ac-
count Of a tender of these coupons.
ian11 If r. LUCAS, Agent.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09

FLOUR.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09

CARDINAL. GIBBONS TITULAR CHURCH.
Cardinal Gibbons shows marked tendency
toward choosing Santa Maria, in Trastevere,
as his titular church. This is the Oldest and
most interesting of the Roman Beslicas.
The Cardinal will take possession probably
on the 2oth inst. The Pope is writing an
encyclicai on the subject of socialism. He
will t.eat concisely Of social problems, dis
tinguishing good and lawful from dangerous
and unchristisn combinations.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09
1S O0O BUSHELS OF LIME FOR SALE.

= AS receiver in the chancery cause of Wibert VS..
Beach will sell at private sale at the lime kiln.
Gibbon street, near Lee street. Alexandria Va
IN quantities to suit purchasers, al the SHELL.
LINE at said kilns, amounting to about s 600
bushels All lime not sold by THURSDAY.
March 10th, 1887. will sell at public auction, nj
~ o'clock NJ on that day, on the premises.
Terms Of Sale Cash.
feb19 I'd VIII SMITH, Receiver.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09
WASHINGTON ADyTs.
REDUCTION IN PRICES
or FIRST. Class
Custom made Shirts.
WASHINGTON ADVTS.

No. i. Reduced to $12; former price $3.50 per
half dozen.
No. >. Reduced TO s15; former price s16.5o
ger half dozen.
No. 3. Reduced to s18 per half dozen.
An Inimtablo Fit Guaranteed; Quality, Work
raanship and Finish Unoxcelled and Seldom
Equallcd.
Dress Shirts for Weddings ana peccptions-The
present fashion of linen cords, Embroidered Fig
ures and Spot Bosoms most thoroughly and ele-
gantly made.
Fancy shirtings in English Flannels, Zephyr,
and Chevot. and French Percale
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09

! \ MES Z. UAALIE q SUNS.
no. 63 KING STREET
sGEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers IL
HARDWARE AND CUTLERY.
allders' Hardware. Locks, Hinges, Screwsi
DlorBolts. Latches, Sc, Saddlery, Hardware
Bride Bis, Buckles, Rings, Hsmes, &C., &C.
Whselwrights' Hardware, Axles, Rims, HUBS
spotos. Saved Fellows, Tire Iron, &C., Pocket'
Table Carving and Butcher Knives, &c, Guns
Pistols 50 full and complete stock OF first
G. goods away in store and sold at lowest cash
prices aug15
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09

HARDWARE. CUTLERY, GUNS, PISTOLS,
II &C., at SO King street, corner of Royal,
Alexandria, Va.-The subscribers invite the at
tention of wholesale and retail purchasers TO
their large and well selected stock ofgoods in their
line, which were bought in quantity at bottom
prices, and will be sold at a small advance. We
invite comparison of prices and quality of goods
at SS King, corner of Royal street.
sep14 j. T. CREIGHTON & SON.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1887-03-09
At FRENCH's, SO AND 95 KING STREET

NEW PATENT "MOIsTENER,"
for sealing envelopes, putting on stamps or mois-
tening tho fingers in counting money. Always
ready for use. SOC.
Now Receiving all the new styles in Stationery
and Visiting Cards; newest designs and finest
goods.
VALENTINES in any quantity by the dozen or
gross all styles and prices.
PIANO AND ORGAN TUNING AND Re-
PAIRING-I have arranged with Professor F. A.
Urso, for many years the Tuner for the CHECKER
ings. to attend to this branch Of the business in
this city All orders left at the store will receive
prompt attention.
feb5 GEO. Z. FRENCH.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12

aserro, Confcdc. ate commanders, werc both
severely wounded, The troops engaged on
the Union side were the brigades OF Cons
Gibbon and Doubleday.
There were three days battles on and near
tho old Dull Run battle-ground. They oc-
cured Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Aug.
%, %, 80. The first IL properly called the
battle Of Gainesville, the second that OF
Groveton, the third and last, Manassas The
last one is usually termed the Second battle
Of Bull Run"
At tho first OF the three fights, that Of
Gainesville, the brigades Of Gibbon anu
Doubleday suffered severely. They might
have been REINFORCED, as other brigades were
near them, but this was not DONE The fight
ing continued until into the night
At Washington, meantime, all was panic
and ignorance. Halleck did not know where
Pope was, and nobody knew where the next
Confederate blow would fall, whether on
Popes army, Washington or the Shenandoah
Valley. Jackson himself was puzzled to
know what the Federal troops were about.
When lie fought the battle Of Gainesville, he
seems to have believed Pope's army was in
full retreat for Washington, and that lie had
. brush with the passing edge Of it. All
was muddle on both sides.
Brevet Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday whose troops
fought 80 stoutly at the battle Of Gainesville and
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12


ated at West Point in 1887 He served both in
the Mexican and Florida wars, but resigned from
the army and studied law. He held various Of
fees in Virginia, joined the Confederate army in
the beginning of the war and commanded a
brigade at Bull Run. At Gettysburg he was a
brigadier general and commanded division. He
was engaged in the Shenandoah Valley cam
paign of 1864. He it was who made the daring
raid into Pennsylvania and set fire to Chambers
burg After that, however, his star went down.
He was involved in a series of unfortunate de-
feats first at the hands of Sheridan then of Gus
ter, and was dismissed from the Confederate SER
vice. He went to Europe, but after the war be-
came again a lawy ar in Richmond.
At Cedar mountain Banks was not aware
that he had so large a force opposed
to him. II he had known it, he could have
sent to Pope for re-enforcements in time
As it was, after deadly fight Of four hours
he was forced to retreat, the Confederate
army being twice as large as his own. So
sure was he that it was only Jackson's ad-
vance which engaged him that be parted his
whole division into two columns and charged
upon the massed Confederates. The charge
was so heavy that at first they fell back in
disorder At that moment Stonewall jackson
himself galloped up to rally the broken
lines His old soldiers saw him and shouting,
"Stonewall Jacksonl Stonewall Jackson!"
reformed and renewed the fight. Reinforce
ments, two brigades of Hills division, fresh
troops, were poured in, and Banks columns
were stopped. Broken and fearfully dimin-
ished, they were forced back across the
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12
rinia. They regarded his appointment as a

Elnln. lncy TcSuTueu MS appointments az q
Stub to Mcclellan, In measure, and ro-
sented it in various ways, as was claimed.
Early IN August, 1869, Gen. Mcclellan deter.
mined, from his camp at Harrisons landing,
OH the James, to make an attack on Rich
mond. Hooker and Sedgwick took possession
OF Malvern Hill on the 4th, and made a re-
connossance toward Richmond. Officers
and men were in fighting trim and enthusi-
astic. But suddenly, the night Of Aug. 4,
there came an order from Halleck for Nc
Clellan to leave the James, and withdraw
from the peninsula with his whole army.
Mcclellan demonstrated earnestly. Both
sides of the James were in his hands, and he
could now attack Richmond with good hope
of success He begged to be permitted to 10
So "Fighting Joe Hooker" indeed, tried to
persuade Mcclellan to fatty disobey Hal
leck's order. "You might as well die for
sheep as n lamb" argued Hooker.
To McGlellan's remonstrance against the
will not be rescinded, and you will he ex-
pected to execute it with all possible prompt
ness"
Accordingly, with heavy heart, McClel-
Ian prepared to move his army out OF the
peninsula to Acquia creek and nearer Pope
it, Richmond could then have been taken
almost without a blow, for by the 18th of
August that city had been nearly stripped of
troops.
The next campaign in Virginia was to no
fought in region south and somewhat east
of where the last one had closed in the Shen-
andoah valley a
The reader will observe on the map the
town Of Gordonsville, on the Orange and
Alexandria railroad. The Confederates were
well informed as to Federal movements.
They early learned that Pope's forces were
concentrating near Gordonsville. This was
q railroad CENTER and kept Richmond in COM
munlcation with the region both to the west
ward and southwark, enabling it to draw
supplies.
Pope resolved to take possession Of Cor
louisville. An order to seize it and destroy
the railroads had been given as early as July
H. but was not carried out.
TO preserve Gordonsville Lee had hurried
division after division of his army away from
Richmond to that place. First Jackson and
Ewell went, then A. P. Hill, to protect Cor
louisville. Jackson and Ewell went as early
as July Is. Aug. 10, just at the time Nc
Celan was Withdrawing reluctantly from
the James, the rest of the Confederate divi-
sions, Longstreet's and Hoods, and nearly all
of Magruder's and Huger's, started to join the
main body at Gordonsville. There was thus
prospect for large fight. The scene was
now to be changed from the Chickahoniiny
and tho Shenandoah to the Rappahannock
and Bull Run.
Brig Gems. Buford and Bayard had COM
mand of Pope's cavalry.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12
wheat field over which they had come Pope,

wheat field over which they had como. Pope,
who was coming up with Ricketts, division
just at dark, met the retreating columns
The battle line was formed anew then, and
Jackson, who was In pursuit, attacked once
more, but was met SO vigorously that he
desisted, and bivouacked on the battle field.
In the battle of Cedar Mountain Brig, Gen.
8. W. Crawford made upon tho Confederate
left heroic charge, which has become IA
NOUS
The battle of Cedar Mountain was bloody
one. The Union side lost In killed, wounded
and prisoners over 1900 men, the Confeder-
ates less than 1,400. It Is noted for the large
number OF officers killed and wounded on
both sides.
After this battle neither army moved for
two days. On the 18th the dead were buried.
Then Jackson with his army retreated south
across the Rapidan toward Orange Court
House, and Aug. II held divine service, in
which he gave thanks to God for the victory
at Cedar run.
Gen. John Buford took very active part In
directing the cavalry movements of Pope's Vir-
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12

marchca They had travelled fifty miles In
two days with only green corn and apples ia
cat. Many OF them limped along barefoot.
Yet there was not straggler, and they were
ready for fight.
By the evening of Aug. 20 the advance of
Jackson's men were at Manassas Junction on
the railroad which supplied Pope. A great
number Of supplies was there, which the Con-
federates destroyed after getting one square
meal" out them.
from Manassas, and Fitz John Porter was at
Warrenton Junction, nine miles away, with
$500 men. They were the advance of Pope's
army. That general had become aware Of
Jacks0n's movement, and had decided to
march his whole army to Manassas and
Gainesville.
By Aug. 81 Gen. Pope had got REINFORCE
ments to the number Of not quite 5000 men
from the Army Of the Potomac. They were
Of the flower Of that army, including Fitz
John Porter's corps, with his troops Of the
regular army, under the division command
ers Morell and Sykes. Gen. Reynolds was
also there with his division of the Pennsyl-
wanna Reserves. Gen. Meade was one OF the
brigade commanders.
LOngstrcct was following jackson, mean
ing to flank Pope on the right while jackson
attacked the rear. He was marching rap
idly, pressing toward Thoroughfare Gap.
His position as well as that of Jackson was
extremely ticklish. II Pope could fall on
them separately, before Lees whole army
could come up, then each would be cut to
pieces. The greatest watchfulness night and
day was observed. On the morning of the
10th Longstreet observed that his brigades
were being suddenly halted on different
roads. With no apparent reason they
stopped and remained stock still, although
he was hurrying them forward at the top Of
their speed. In a towering rage he rode for
ward to find out the reason. He was told a
courier had brought orders from Gen. Lee.
directing the army to halt.
"Where is that couriers" demanded Long
street.
4There, galloping down the road" said
brigadier.
"Overtake him; bring him to me-" cried
Longstreet.
He was halted and brought back.
~ must be off to the rear, said the courier,
endeavoring to go free; ~ have orders for
Longstreet."
"Iam Gen. Longstreet," said that individ-
ual. "Where are your orders?"
The man turned deathly white and did not
answer He was Union spy.
"Give this man ten minutes and hang him."
thundered Longstreet. "Let the columns
push forward Immediately"
The columns moved on. But when they
did so they left behind them a man in Con-
federate gray hanging to a roadside tree,
dead.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12


paign in Virginia. In 1868 he resigned from the
army and re-entered politics, serving in congress
eight years. when he was appointed minister to
England. He held this place till 1876, and found
relaxation from official duties in the writing of
book on the science and art of the game of
poker. 1t is much quoted. Gen. Schenck still
survives, in an age which is
Like lusty winter,
Frosty but kindly"
Pope was deceived as to the whereabouts of
Jackson's army. He was besides almost in
despair because re-enforcements which had
been surely promised him did not arrive. He
had depended for supplies on Washington,
and in any event on those at Manassas juno.
ton, which jackson had DESTROYED. Both
sources failed. If, however, Gen. Popes
main army had reached Manassas Junction
one day earlier, on the 9th, he might have
saved his stores and destroyed jackson. As
he himself expressed it, however, he had now
to fight or starve.
The first of the series of fights which took
place near the old Bull Run battle field oc-
Cured Aug. IS. Pope believing jackson at
Centreville, being deceived by his ruse, Or
dered Mcdowell to go after him. Mcdowell
had been near Gainesville. The march to-
ward Centreville led him past Jackson's right.
and Jackson attacked him vigorously.
This fight of the 2Sth is known as the battle
Of Gainesville. The village lies near Thor
eughfare Gap, southwest of Centreville,
There was a severe and bloody contest, with
out decided advantage on either side. Gen.
Jackson, in his report. calls it "a fierce and
sanguinary conflict" Gems. Ewell and Tall.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12
CHANTlLLY, OR OK HILL.

The battle of Chantilly was fought on Mon
day, Sept. l, on ridge called OK Hill, near
the village of Chantilly. The Confederates,
therefore, call this fight the battle of Ok Hill,
or Germantown. The ridge lies little north
east Of Centreville, whittier the Federal troops
had fled after the defeat at Manassas, Aug. 30.
jackson pursued the retreating army toward
Centreville. He crossed Bull Run at Sudley,s
ford the morning Of the 31st. Pope had been
REINFORCED by Summers and Franklin's ex-
cellent corps Of McClellan's army They had
come up from Alexandria. Pope had now
62 600 men.
The afternoon of Sept. the two armies
fought at Ok Hill, in the midst of a storm
which out Numbered even the roar of cannon.
jackson had hoped to reach Fairfax Court
House, in the rear of the Federal army, and
cut off its communication with Washington.
The battle was opened with an attack by
Stuart's Confederate cavalry. First the Con.
federates We're driven back. Then they, re-
enforced, repulsed the Union troops belong
ing to Gen. Isaac l. Stevens division of Reno's
corps. In this action Gen. Stevens, gallant
officer, was killed. Gen. Phil Kearney dashed
in to the aid of Stevens. He was riding in
front of his soldiers so far that he had got
outside of his own lines. 1t was growing
dusk Kearney asked of a soldier where a
certain regiment was. The instant he did so
he perceived it was a Confederate soldier
He galloped away. But the soldier fired
bullet after him and he fell. lie died in a
few minutes. The Confederates sent bis body
under a flag of truce to his own men next day.
Thick darkness closed the combat on the
field of ChantilIy, where there was bloody
fighting. but no victory for either side.
The Union forces engaged in the battle Of
Ok Hill or Chantilly were of the corps of
Reno and Heintzelman. The Confederate
troops were chiefly those of Stonewall jack
son, among them the veteran troops OF Ewell,
Early and A. p Hill. Longstreet's advance
came up about the time the battle was ended.
Pope's army suffered greatly for want Of
supplies during the three days fighting and
Immediately subsequent. His cavalry horses
were especially used up. On the first day Of
September he wrote to Gen. Haleck: There
are not five horses to company that can
raise trot." In bis official report, made
afterward, he says that on the morning Of
Aug. 80, when the battle of Manassas was
fought, his troops had had little to eat for
two days, his cavalry horses nothing at all,
and had not been unsaddled for ten days. He
also complains bitterly of the want of loyalty
to himself among the soldiers and officers Of
the Army of the Potomac, occasioned by their
partisan feeling for Mcclellan, whom Pope
had partially superseded.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12

~ 1851 He afterSard saw much severe fighting
He is now retired brigader general, living in
New York city, and engaged in scientific and
literary pursuits. He contributed the volume
charlottesville and Gettysburg to the Cam
paigns Of the Civil War"
In the battle of Groveton, Aug. 90, both
forces took up the fight which had been left
unfinished near Gainesville the night before.
Groveton was village on the Warrenton
turnpike, which led to Alexandria. Grove
ton was near the center of the three days
fighting. A little to the northeast of Grove
ton was the historic stream Of Bull Run,
whence the fighting grounds hereabouts
gained their name. Bull Run flows south
east and emptes into the Potomac.
At the battle of Groveton, the Goth, Jack
son fronted nearly south, his left at Sudley
Ford on Bull Run, his right at Groveton.
Sigel's corps attacked his right at daylight,
and there was bloody fight there till 1870,
with varied result. Milroy and Carl Schurz
made fierce charges on the Confederate line.
Amid the conflicting accounts and recrimi-
nations which grew out of the battle OF
Groveton, Aug. 20, it is hard to get at the
truth about that fight. 1t seems clear, how
ever, that Thoroughfare Gap was the key to
victory for Pope. 1t might be called a second
Thermopyl9. Two brigades OF Federal
troops could have held it against ten times
their number. 1t was the mountain pass to-
ward which Longstreet was marching with
his whole heavy division, and through which
he must pass to join Jackson at Groveton.
If the pass had been we'll guarded he could
not have gone through it. Then Pope's army
might have defeated Jackson before he was
REINFORCED. It was what Pope planned to
do. He. expected Longstreet's coming. In
an order issued the morning Of the Goth, he
n.sntfoned that by tomorrow night or next
day" Longstreet would be upon them.
Cen John Bell Hood, Of the Confederate army,
was o Kentuckian, born in 1881. He passed
through the course at West Point and served in
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12

fcers during the war, as brave and willing as he
was modest. He served in Popes campaign and
with the Army Of the Potomac continuously, dis
was at Antletam, Gettysburg and elsewhere, and
was once severely wounded. At this time he was
q brigadier general.
Toward the last Of the year 1868 this brave SOL
der and accomplished gentleman was sent to
take charge of the cavalry in the Army OF the
Cumberland. He parted from his old command
in the Army OF the Potomac and started west,
with a major generals commission awaiting him.
But just before he reached his new headquarters
he was stricken with typhoid fever, and after
very brief sickness died. His illness was brought
on by exposure and toll in the Army Of the Poto-
mac. The very last day Of his life, Dec IS, 1883,
almost in the moment death was upon him, the
mails brought his commission as major general.
and qualification lit bis face. Then gently lay
ing it aside he soon ceased to breathe"
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1887-08-12
SECOND BULL RUN.
Story of Gen. Pope's Campaign
in Virginia.
ITS QUARTER CENTENARY.
Hot Fighting from Cedar Mountain
to Chantilly.

The Campaign Begins ut Cedar Noun.
tain, the 9th OF August, 1s02-It Ends
with Pope's Retreat to Washington,
September 1-Fighting Every Step OF
the way-Ths Three Days Battles at
Bull Hun, Gainesville. Groveton and
Manassas.
1t was quarter Of century ago on June
90 that Maj Gen. John Pope was appointed
to command the Army Of Virginia. The
scattered forces Of Banks, Fremont and
Mcdowell that had been demoralized by the
movements of Stonewall Jackson in the
Shenandoah valley were to to be united into
one army, the Army of Virginia, and put
under one head. That head was Gen. Pope
There were three corps under the conf
manders named. Fremont resigned when
Pope was appointed, and his corps-the First
was given to Gen. Franz Sigel. Banks COM
manded the Second corps, Mcdowell the
Third The three contained altogether not
quite $4,000 men, But one marked feature
of this Army of Virginia was the great num-
Der Of stragglers connected with it. After
the second battle of Bull Run Pope himself
complained of it and said half the great
diminution of his forces there was caused by
''straggling and skulking from the army"
Gen. Gordon in his book, the "Army Of Vir-
ginia," remarks Of one corps that its men,
bers seldom reported in full except at meal
time. The cause of this want of discipline is
hard to trace.
Pope was western man of large stature