The Brookhaven leader., 1887-10-06

something of the methods of restoration
by seeing
WHIT OTHER PEOPLE HAVE DONE,
and, also, by looking a little into diner
ent parts of our own State. We have
passed the time when mere muscle and
personal energy alone will secure sue
cess. There must be union of intelli
gence and physical force; as expressed
by one of the students at the A. Il VI.
Cullege last summer,--a marriage of
Drawn and brain. The intelligence |
refer to is not the general intelligence
and culture which makes one an agree
able and entertaining companion, but 3
knowledge, thorough and complete, of
the forces of nature which help and
which, also, sometimes counteract the
operations of the farmer, and the
methods best adapted to the cultivation
and preservation of the soil Germany,
France, Italy, Great Britain mot to
mention other European countries),
have been cultivated for near 2000 years,
yet the land is Just as good as it was, and
in many instances better than when the
pillow first disturbed it. You, and every
intelligent farmer in Mississippi, will
agree with me, when say that if our
present system in Mississippi is con.
tinued for 200 years, much less 2000,
the State will be incapable of support
ing population of one to the square
mile. How have these countries preserv-
ed an even increased the productive
ness of the soil, 50 that now every square
foot of their arabic territory Is made
to produce even more than ever b-'nrf?
1t is due to the marriage of "brawn and
brain"-muscle and intelligence.
SPECIAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL,.
In Europe agricultural science is not
only taught in special agricultural
schools, but is the subject of regular
instruction in all their other schools. In
Germany arboriculture (Or tree culture)
and horticulture are taught in all nor
NAL schools; and the same is true of
France, Belgium, Switzerland, austria,
Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands ];
and, in addition, special schools tor ag-
riculture are established III every state
and kingdom. In Austria there is an Ina
perial College of Agriculture, and la ag-
ricultural evening schools. Besides, there
are SO other special agricultural sch )ols,
and agriculture Is also taught IN 2l2S
elementary schools; treeculture in 4O34
bee-culture in 1856; and silk culture in
S62. In connection with the elementary
schools there are 32l5 orchards, aud
4037 gardens; and there is farm to
each of the SO agricultural schools.
Hungary has four special schools of ag-
riculture. Little Belgium has four of
such schools. In the Netherlands there
are two. In little Denmark there is the
most famous Agricultural College in
Europe, and there are special schools al
over the little state-l00 lower agricul-
tural schools, called Farmers High
Schools. In France there are three
kinds of agricultural schools-the farm
schools, the departmental schools, and
the National Agricultural Institute. OF
departmental schools The National
Agricultural Institute has II Professors.
Besides this, there is State Depart
ment of Agriculture, in which is eX
pended over $4,000 year to aid and
advance agriculture. In Germany there
are over $50 schools of agriculture, hor-
ticulture, tree culture and vine-culture,
and each of these has farms, gardens,
etc, attached. Prussia, also, has six
higher agricultural academies or col
leges, forty.six agricultural schools, and
twenty-nine schools of tree and vine
culture. | might 60 on through the
whole list with about the same results,
in England, Scotland, ireland, Italy,
Sweden and the others. For full infor-
nation on this subject, | refer you to
the report of the United States Com
missioner of Education for 1879. Well,
you see what other countries have done
and with what results These are kingly
governments, where the king and lords
were not and are not especially inter-
ested in educating the people, but they
were obliged to educate them in agricul-
ture, or StdrUe.
In the older States of the North they
have been compelled to resort to the
same thing.
IN MICHIGAN, ESPECIALLY,
they have had an agricultural college
from ABOUT IOof, anu Will SpleHulu re-
suits, as can be seen everywhere, by
person passing through the State. In
that State the income of the agricultural
college from its own fund is $4,000 per
annum, and the State gives $780, 900 more
out of its State treasury, Of this sum,
$4,000 annually is granted to pay the
expenses of the professors in going to
everv county in the State, and holding,
for day or two what is called and Ag-
ricultural Institute. This is collec-
ton and union of the farmers and the
professors, in free talk about farming,
its best methods, etc, in which the COM
Of the practical, hard sense of
the farmers, with the science of the
professors, together work out the most
beneficial results.
BOOK FARMING.
And here | will say something of what
is called book farming. Some of our