National Republican., 1887-04-04
CONSULAR NOTES

Consul Millar, In report entitled "Over-
crowding Of Leipsic Poor" writes as fol-
lows: That the prices paid for these small
dwellings are dlsproportionately high there
is no doubt, although It is difficult TO fix
their exact relation to the income Of the
poor. According TO DIR. Hasse, the rent
| swallows up 30 per cent Of an Income up
to 600 marks Il mark - $0.23.8) per year
and 81 per cent. Of an income between 600
and 1,200 marks. IL these amounts be
taken as representing the average income
of the poor, 1t will be seen that the proper
tlon corresponds very nearly with the
| actual average rents as shown In the fol-
lowing table:
Average rents Of small d,ecilingsin Jeipsic.
Marks.
without living room.................... 90
With one living room, but without
with one living room and ofiices...%. 1S
With two living rooms 303
With three living rooms................-.. 453
These results are further confirmed by
statistics gathered from the overseers OF the
poor In the several districts. From these
select one which is typical case, and also
| indicates the way In which the poor have
dwelling ''Small hand.workers, porters,
&C., generally have dwelling consisting
OF one room, with a cooking stove, a sleep
| ing closet, and a kitchen, perhaps with a
cellar also, for which they paw $50 to 200
marks year. II illness or want of work
comes,- the closet, and very often the
Kitchen, too, Is let of to dodgers ut 1.5 or 2
marks week."
Consul General Winchester, OF Switzer-
land, In a dispatch to the Department Of
State upon the subject Of forestry, says:
Since the federal forest law was passed,
covering the years 1878-1S85, inclusive,
there have been used FOR new planting in
the federal forest district pine and non
foliage shoots, Of which there are somo
eleven varieties, AZ, ,197, ,796, or an annual
average Of 5,263,474, and Of foliage
or leaf shoots, consisting Of u
very great ysriety, ssl1,4s9, or an
ings Included AGES, ,s32 shoots and s55 kilo-
grams "a Mlogram equals Q poundsl Of
seeds, which were used Tor the foundation
Of l75 new forests, embracing an area Of
700 hectares. The cost Of these new
plantings is estimated at $50, $50
francs. Other improvements In the
sum Of 317,015 francs were made. The de
struction Of forests is well safeguarded by
the federal law Of March, 1876, and previous
to its enactment most OF the cautons had
rigid state laws against any dangerous
clearing Of the forests. As rule, any
person, commune, or corporation wishing to
make clearing must obtain the consent Of
J the forest director, or II the proposed
clearing is included in whole or
part within the federal forest
, district, the assent OF the proper govern
to the granting Of the permission, the par
, ties must either replant the clearing with
shoots or pay q sum sufficient to have II
! done. There are no sand.dunes In Switzer-
land and the waste places are few, being
either small swamps or the mountain sides.
Many Of the latter, under federal subsidy,
by the construction of stone and Other
. guards, are being brought into forest culti'
walton, mainly to form natural and per
+ manent shelter from avalanches and rock
D slides, 80 common and destructive In some
l localities.
In report concerning oyster breeding ir
Germany, Consul Goodwin, Of Annaberg
says: The experiments Of transporting ant
n breeding American oysters along the coas
of the Baltic and North seas, which hav,
from time to time attracted public atten
tion, have proved quite unsuccessful In al
cases and entirely so in most. In 1880, a
was at that time reported by the United
Q States commercial agent at Geestemunde
numerous beds of American oysters lyisl
:. between Gravenshoved and Holkhsved wer
!. examined by Prof. Mobius, OF the Universal.
y Of Kiel, who expressed the opinion tina
J, Americen oysters would never spawn II
German waters. Those referred to neve
did spawn, and 1t was In due time shown t,
the satisfaction Of everybody that the at
! tempts made in the localities before men
x toned were complete failures. Yet, with
= out single past success to afford encour
agement, men who know the excellence an,
value of the American oyster continue T.
70 attempt its propagation here. Mr.. Fed
o denser, merchant OF the city OF Schleswig
,r who takes great interest In the subject 0
n oyster culture, is one OF these perseverin
l. men. Having made experiments In smal
N way along the coast in the vicinity @
b Schleimunde, he became strongly @
of the water, the climatic cond
tions, and the nature Of the sea bed In tina
=, locality were exceedingly favorable to sue
= cessful breeding OF American oysters. Ac
cordingly, one day last week, Mr.. Fedden
ser made notable attempt. He plante
n. $50 barrels of selected breed oysters. i
Y addition he constructed five large reservoir
le of twisted iron wire, into each OF while
le were put five barrels OF young oysters Tn
" reservoirs were then lowered to the bottoI
~ ! of the sea and made fast above. II Is th
q intention to raise these reservoirs fror
time to time for the purpose OF obsery
81 ing what, II any, degree OF success
= likely to attend the experiment. Mr.. Fec
IA denser's attempt Will be watched wit
~ great interest, and II It proves failure
~ will probably be the last one made in Gel
"a many for long time to come. The oyste
ss is still considered q luxury In this country
dozen raw oysters cost g. a restaurant AM e
hotel In almost any part OF Germany wher
q they are to be had at all from 81 to marki
K: equal to from 60 to 70 cents, and these ar
native Germans or Hollanders, which fe'
,y people will claim are equal to our hnei
. American oysters.