Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1887-09-05
TEX STORY OF TEE e. ANDO.
Growth of the First Chartered Rail.
road in the q nifed states.

Growth of the First Chartered Rail.
road in the United states
How THE GREAT ENTERPRISE WAS FIRST sUG-
GEsTED-THE BUILDING OF TIE RoAD-ITs PROS
rEKGTY UNDER JOHN ". GARRETT-THE ROAD
DURING THE CIVIL WAR
IRON the New York World
In. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co., the con-
tro, o. which has been matter OF recent specula-
tioa was the first chartered and fully organized
railroad company IN the United States 1t was
projected before Stephenson made his first loco
motive, and before Il was SHOWN that steam could
De 5Gccess;iIiiy uzd as motive power. The road
was cgcn AMI cars were running upon II, though
nos n-0,s.sei ~ steam, IN the same year that
epa.usr,.'s locomotive, ''Ihe Rocket" drew a
tss Z e.. C-r from Live! pool 10 Manchester at the
I..fs OI l. Ia..", an fi1ur- In TACT, steam had
IGin.E- - d. VIA ti.1 Inception OF the road He
If>t Io.ci..o yc ,tow,r use! was horse power, anu
CHS Ne dftwL n t5e same way as canal boats.
GA, e-5rrp.i,Gg llyentuT ~ Baltimore constructed
:. az vita sis, wnlcn he called the 1EoluS, ana
which proved cutie sGcte>siui-on Windy days;
Amen fl.r~ Who 81 Joy III Il sail on the railroad
Wa y ,:;.g hr:iene!, the Russian ambassador at
Nas,.is-,jp III, WAC declared he had never lraVeieu
80 AZ '".bty. lie sent = model OF the SdlnnS car
10 the r:.,;ercr who vas 80 pleased with IL that
lie mt dcpu:..tIon from Russia 10 investigate
Tie WORKINGS ~ tle Baltimore and ONO road, anu
j; wds through them that R''-S NlAdho anu olheT
Bai;inoresH> obtained The lucrative employment
Ia Russia by which their Immense fortunes were
li4dc.
quaker merchant or Baltimore, Phillip E.
Thomas nr5t suggested railroad to the Ohio
Rive: in 1875. Baltimore at that time was city
oI 7o.Opo Inhabitants, and had great facilities Tor
tN1pr trade! Tar e. inland communications were
threatened by the Erie and Pennsylvania canals,
which were GiveTtinr tl.s western trace To New
ERIK and Pi.ilAi" paIii. Though nut EC'te was
AGagsu o. RAILROADS. that ti1. the project or a
rO.t 10 the OHIO WIS received with favor fry the
people OF SIar. land. arG III lS'Ef the legislature
II.r.i :. cn.;rtar the Baltimore and ohio Rail
Ia.{. 80. 2fjvTwdTd confirmed by the virginia
legislature, for the construction 81 s!ch a road
f;-e I.sNt year tue lcS1~.,,tuitoi Maryland SUI
s":I0rG 100000 To the Stock OF the company, anu
u: Won, wa5 Conllhenced. 1hi5 was The hTaI
Legislative aid ever gvea IN this country 10 rail-
Iu..i enterprise. An appropriation OF Sl.0G0,U0O
W. fI.TT ara recommended ter Il by committee
IL ic.u H,JI,,s OF Congress but the bin failed TO
p.ss,. The government, however, detailed Vest
IG,It graduate, 10 aid in engineering the WORK,
and hs them the INST part OF t!i' line was laid out
ri5I .; Baltimore A great procession, represent
IL; every TRADE and ali kinds OF business, I1&rchtd
thTug-E The principal streets AID gathered at the
southwestern limit OF the city To witness the
U.icnlng ceremonies OF the new read.
TIE FIRST STONE LAID
ClaS. Carroll, of Carrollton, then over ninety
years Of age laid the first stone and as he did so,
said: Il consider this among the most important
acts of my life, second only 10 my signing the
Declaration OF independence, II even II be second
TO that" The stCue bore this inscription: This
stone, presented by Tie StUntcutterS of Baltimore,
liz COMMUNICATION oT the commencement OF Tie
Baltimore and OHIO Railroad. was here placed on
70
MAJ land. assisted by tdS CarrOii, Oh CdrlUiltGh-
The last surviving siyuer OF the Declaration OF In
dependence, and uLGer the direction of The preS
Gr.It anu directors OF the railroad company.
,ioI.;l salute then fired by the artillery al
Ier ..Ica V.srUIe Trade Populations marched by,
SI1pUIug u address M. Carroll and 10 make HIN
a.3...ii present 4 memorial The ic.ONlus are
til; -irot and last verse, or one OF the songs sung
o. t.t Ctc.Sun:
Iis-,'S Il road to be made
"i; the ilck and the SPADE.
lis Il reach 70 ONO :gr IT, lelytt Y Of trade;
Rec are mountain T. 5e l"velLed.
II re are 10 tIaAI. and bridges. TOO. to build.
An! We re al crazy here IL Baltimore.
And vl.n tie ROAD Is made
T. =, viii t-;' l.. I an, sse Ill, -,. ,..,.su
Ana Si.slr ,.:,. It'll bills.
We Gtas fi,is iere hundred miles.
C- 80 L. bed ~ B.ltIlUcrr ..i IL eakIaSt III Ohio
IL Te ;s re va al ~,. nm. HIN I'm n laying
Considering that these VERSES were written in
is. tyTb wears before .hc locomotive was an as
star i sIcces., and thirty yyar7 before sleeping
&c can" iuto Use they have so.net hin- OF pro-
f,e / ca. - tilt- Although stated Jude: aGcn
IL,vr,Dse Auspices. The company had great diff
C,:.tic7 u curo4l;er frJti the very start. The
.,.=-I.eakS .IId OHIO canal Company, which had
a.re-dy U"rn located OVER TIA same territory
JG-ul.;, = nj, tie Railroad was To run threw
t..':t :---iJie obstacle IN It's way, and by means
Z: irGI ;uiIS ana also by political influence,
III, ii t.le gI0"t Of the road Tor years
TIE FIRST DIVISION
O. The sead, extending % Elncott'5 Mills, a dis
tSncr vi - nile. was finally completed AMI
Or1lsd for the transportation OF passengers on the
2.,L OF MAY, 1870 IL was OYER this division that
;ae ot!.-t-1T -tt.uS was tried, but the main de-
pEEteur.- vas pls'ri IN horses ami mules. In
August. 1928, Tie first American locomotive ell
CINE, bitiij oy Peter Cooper, Ui New York,
paced on tie track. It, ordinary rate OF speed
W.rS > miles an ;.Jur. hauling one car with over
twenty passengers 1t was said To be able to at
tain a speed u Il miles an iIOur. But steam Was
yet TOO expensive Tor the Traffic, and animal
power was the chief reliance. In March, 1881 the
Baltimore .htertc al made a flaming announce
Li.nt OF the successful transportation OF two hun
Dire, barrels OF ficur over the track, drawn by
single horse. The trip being made from EIicotts
Nils 10 BdtiaDEt II miles, In one hour and nifty
H. minutes. with Oh; change o! horses. "A
Ilc.1us Concourse oi citizens and strangers Wit
:.ts,scd &c arrival OF The train a. the depot and
unable 10 refrain from loudly testffylug their
admiration ut the and CELEBRITY with which IL
elected. For niiinbec OF years this railroad
Was IOoaed upon Us one Of tht. wonders or the
TOrfi, and attracted visitors from every section
Ct Tie United states well as from Europe
Us ANNUAL reports became textbooks In the art
az Tallroi building, aI1 It's workshops were prac-
ticA' %hco--rOCll-- As the WORK advanced old
theories were exploded and new principle, intro
C..c,a, aEi in al the difficult fedIs OF spanning
TitrTs- fiercl2g or scaling mountains, 1t the
p4+D,er Jetcler. The engineering skill which by
told leap surrounded the Al!e;nenles was up TO
'ndt time Unparalleled To carry 4 road over a
n.JuG;ain at a grade which rose 1l6 feet to the
Il.c had been considered IA 1mpOssibility, and
when proposed b. Mt LatrObs the cher engineer
U5 ne road, Was looked upon as visionary. Never
th"ies5 he was authorized 10 proceed with the
N1rk. aud he accomplished 1T, but this was not
of the road In 1872 the road reached Cumberland
distance OF 17S miles from Baltimore but II was
not uLtl le5l that Piedmont was reached and
-altanGnt summit scaled.
ACROSS THE AILEGHENIES.
On Christmas Eve, Dec "a, 1852 the last rail
was Laid into the city OF Wheeling and on the 1st
Oh January, 1853, the first locomotive with its
train Of cars, that had yet crossed the Aleghenies
from the shores OF the Chesapeake, reached the
OAlo ryer. After nearly quarter OF a century
the IoEG-deferred hopes OF the people of Baltimore
were realizes. Tie engineering genius by which
The road y ~ carried from Cumberland TO Wheel
Ing. through and over the mountains, has never
been surpassed anywhere IN the world Indeed
The things accomplished had been, up TO that
time, looked upon as fmpoSsibilitieS. Upon the
200 miles between Cumberland and Wheeling
there are twelve tunnels OF various lengths tht.
longest Of which Is T. 100 feet over uhree-uuarters
months 70 complete. The next in length Is 300
feet The bridges are also numerous, and the
''treSttins" across the gOrgeS, the ascent
OF the Cheat River hl!l, structures OF a novel
character, being Vlad.ctS supported by slender
pillars OF cast iron, very light In appearance vet
strong and durable one OF these YlaductS Is -
feet high and another AZ feet, resting upon solid
wall OF MasonrF l20 feet below the base or the
columns In the design ana erection OF the bridges
aid viaducts Mr. LatrObe, The chief engineer was
assisted % Albert F1uk, "a talented German engt-
neer, who for many years now has been the pool
commissioner OF the graf trunk railroads.
The cost OF the road from Baltimore To Wheeling
wasa httie over SIJ,OrO.Uo0. Benj. A. LatrObe
rad + due, was born IN Philadelphia In 1906; He
~ bar Tier