davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

indicates the aristocracy of the sport
Rich men go to immense expense to build
speedy vessels and pay hundreds of dol
lars month to run them, and get in re-
turn simply the sport, and possibly
handsome cup whose value to them lies
solely in that it testifies to the success of
their craft. Other rich men spend
good deal of money in cultivating and
improving the breed of horses, and at
the outset it would appear that they have
the same enthusiasm in it that the yachts
men have in their fancy; but the horse
owner enters his steeds in a race for
money, and is not altogether satisfied if
he does not get good return for his
investment in the shape of large money
prizes. The yachtsman rarely sa lis for
money prize. The emblems of victory
in regatta are cups. When the Cor
onet and Dauntless sailed their famous
race across the Atlantic last spring, there
was big money prize to be won, but it
was in the guise of a wager. A vast
amount of money changes hands every
year between the owners of yachts on the
results of contests, but the money won is
always on wager. The boats do not sail
for money, and considering the fact that
so few yachts can be sold at a profit, it is
safe to say that no yachtsman enters into
the sport from commercial incentive.
He expects to spend money for his fun
and the improvement of models, and if
he wagers incidentally, it is no more than
he would do on events in which he had
little or no pecuniary interest.
The great success achieved during the
last few years by American built yachts
has stimulated reasonable pride in the
nautical talent of this country, and with
it has been naturally developed the idea
that the superiority of our boats has
been due to ingenious and novel i'm
provements on old models. To a very
limited extent this is true, but on the
whole it is proper to say that nothing
new has been discovered in boat build
ing during this generation. Everybody,
even the inland schoolboy, knows that
the Puritan, Priscilla, Mayfower and
Atlantic represented the flat-bottomed
model, the "skimming dish,' as opposed
to the Genesta and the Galatea and
the coming Thistle, which rep
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

deep in the water, thus getting as
large an actual bulk as they desired
without compromising to the same
degree their position among rivals. So
that boat with narrow breadth of
beam passed in yachting rules for con-
siderably smaller than she really was.
But in America, after discovering the
superiority of the sharp prows over the
blunt and developing the new model to
high degree of excellence, the builders
found that the shallow model was in
some respects at least superior to the
other, and they paid their attention to
perfecting it. Shallow sloops for a good
many years have been on substantially
the same model that is now used. The
improvements have been in the line of
very fine points that only theorist
like Burgess, the designer of the
famous Boston sloops, can thoroughly
understand. A very slight difference in
the curve of the vessels PROV may make
an appreciable difference in the ease with
which she will divide the waves. A foot
or two added to the length may make it
possible to carry greater proportion of
sail. 1t is in such problems as these that
the designers of late years have delved
deeper than their predecessors, and it is
possible that there yet remain many such
fine considerations to be settled before
the boat shall have been built which is
capable of the highest speed.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
THE HANDKERCHIEF.
How the Dainty Cambria Came Into Use
from Much Disfavor.

from Much Disfavor.
Nothing is more curious in the history oil
handkerchiefs than the period when French
women were supposed to be innocent of the
existence of such an article, the handker-
chief then being tabooed in polite conversa-
ton. 1t was beyond the daring of an actor
or actress to exhibit a handkerchief on the
stage, however fearful the dramatic situa-
ton might be. Mile. Duchenois was brave
enough to break the rule by carrying
handkerchief in her hand, but when the ex-
igencies of the scene compelled an allusion to
the obnoxious piece of cambria she spoke of
it as eight tissue" and years afterward
cries of indignation saluted the utterance of
the awful words in De Vigne's adaptation of
Shakespeare. Josephine, the Empress, brought
this to an end. She had bad teeth, and to
hide them she adopted the custom of carry
ing a small square handkerchief bordered
with costly lace, which she was constantly
raising to her lips The ladies of the court
initiated this and the handkerchief was ele-
waited to the important position it has ever
since maintained in the feminine toilet.
After the Empress Josephine was divorced in
1909 she retired to her beautiful seat at NAL
maison, where she and her ladies worked
daily embroidered handkerchiefs, which
were frequently interchanged as tokens of
friendship. One of white silk embroidered
in roses-the work of her own needle-she
presented to the Empress of Russia.-Chicago
Tribune
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

uniform level at the bottom of the ocean
and have thereon numerous submarine
instruments for weighing the water at
various points, it would not be difficult
from such observations to get contour
of the surface of the water. But the
navigator becomes familiar with the
ocean in all its moods by actual sight
and experience. Sailing now in the
valley of the sea, he sees the hills of
water, then mounting over the crest of
some wave, he looks down into the
depths on either side of him.
Now, we cannot see air, but know that
one of its properties is weight, so that
the barometers, which show the slightest
variation or change in the weight or
pressure of the air, reveal to the meteor
ologist similar but far more majestic
waves and hollows AID plains in the at
mosphere. These transient atmospheric
waves or tides are the immediate causes
of all our weather changes, and 1t is only
through frequent observations at numer-
GUS points of the density, temperature
and humidity of the aerial ocean that
weather predictions for day or two in
advance become possible. Such obser-
vations must be made at all points at the
same moment of actual time, since the
geography of the atmosphere is con-
stantly changing. Such observations,
sent by telegraph to some central point,
are then placed upon a map of the coun-
try, each at the point representing
the place where it was made, and enable
the trained meteorologist to trace out by
lines the regions where the air is heavy
indicated by the highest readings of the
barometer) and where it is light Gndi-
Gated by the lowest readings of the ba-
rometer), so that predictions can be
made as to where the heavy waves will
swoop down into the hollows, causing
winds and storms. AS the railway official is
constantly advised of the whereabouts of
the outgoing or incoming train and is
enabled to inform us whether they are
on time or not, so the tri-daily weather
map enables the meteorological to foretell
the weather we are likely to suffer or
enjoy. Neither was possible before the
invention of the telegraph.
The foundation of the weather SCIENCE
is built upon the simplest laws of me-
chanics. Air, like water, is forever seek
ing a level. One of the best established
laws of storms is that the wind (Which
is simply air in motion) blows from re-
gions of higher to regions of lower press
ure-that is, air flows from places where
it is temporarily piled up to places where
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
THE AIR OCEAN.
INVISIBLE RIVERS AND CURRENTS
THAT SWEEP THE EARTH.
The Wonderful Sights that Would be Re-
vealed Had the Winds ColOr-How
Science Tracks Their Movements and
ForeteIls Changes of Weather.


If at any time we were able to get a
good view of the ocean from shore to
shore we would see marvellous sight.
Here our eyes would rest upon vast ex-
panse of wonderfully placid water. There
we would see a tumultuous mass of
choppy, cross waves. At other points
our eyes would meet the startling effects
of mighty tempests, and in amazement
we would see the wind-lashed pillows
rising and sinking, with laboring vessels
skillfully guided over the towering foam
crested waves and through the yawning
troughs of the sea- The restlessness and
instability, the majesty and grandeur of
the ocean, viewed from such point,
would be wonderful sight.
Just so with that other ocean, the at
mosphere which environs our earth ,pene-
trating into it and extending beyond it
in an increasingly attenuated form to an
uncertain distance. If at any time we
were able to get good view of this I'M
confined atmospheric ocean, which is
ceaselessly in motion, we would see a
still more marvellous sight. We would
see a constant succession of atmospheric
waves, hollows and areas of tempestuous
cross currents. There is striking SINH
larity between the ocean of water and
the ocean of air which cover the solid
portion of our earth. Each has its great
rivers and currents that are analogous
to the veins and arteries that carry the
vehicle of life through our bodies.
These rivers and currents blend the con-
trasts of climate, soften the rigor of
polar latitudes and lessen the intensity
of tropical heat by constant interchange.
Each reveals to us glimpse of the
Divine wisdom we may worship and
adore, but cannot fathom.
Suppose, now, we could assume some
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

10 spent for fuel, 1t Is true, but there has
to be crew of twenty to thirty men on
big sloop as compared to dozen at the
most on steam yacht twice as large.
AS in steam yachts, it is the finishing and
appointments of sailing boat that cost.
And the difficulty of selling sailboat
for anything like the original cost is
nearly as great, and for the same reasons.
1t is fashionable to have your own boat
built according to your specifications,
and quite questionable to own second
hand craft. This does not apply strictly
to the smaller craft of this class, for
many men of only moderate means find 1t
possible to get little boat, and as it is not
fashionable to have little boats, the prices
are affected only by the ordinary laws of
supply and demand and the cupidity of
the dealers. The real sport of yachting,
that which is talked about and which in
cites great International contests, is
strictly aristocratic. A fortune can be
spent in decorating and making comfort
able boat whose hull cost only few
thousand dollars. The hull of an ordi
nary schooner, considered as to its size,
can be obtained for about $4,000. A
yacht of the same size will not cost any
more, SO far as the hull is concerned, but
when 1t comes to making the craft
pleasure boat or brick sloop, the ulti-
mate cost is nowhere near together. A
pleasure boat of any kind that carries a
I'M
deal of money in the pockets of the
owner or else wild extravaganza.
Yachts had been known in American
waters for great many years prior to
the first organization of the sport in
New York. During the golden days of
American boat building, when clipper
ships were sent from the New England
yards that beat the world, there was a
widespread interest among rich men in
the problems that underlie the construc-
ting of the best models for speed. But
although many remarkably good boats
were built during this period 1t was not
until after the war that yachting was
recognized as an organized sport, and
that annual regattas became feature Of
summer life all along the seaboard.
There are now seventy-five yacht clubs
in the country, twenty-five of which are
in New York and ten in Boston. Nearly
1900 yachts are registered in these clubs,
and it is believed that several times as
many more are floating about in bays
and streams that are not attached to any
association.
1t is not alone the cost of yachts that
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

resent the cutter style, or that
class of boat that is as different
as possible from the shallow skimming
dish model. The cutter is narrow and
sinks deep into the water, and its keel is
deep set. The American sloop, on the
contrary, rests lightly on the water, and
although it has keel, the means of Sc
curing resistance to the force of the ele-
ments brought about by the cutters keel
is effected by barn door called centre
board let down through the keel. And
every American, except possibly few
Anglomaniacs here in New York, has be-
come profoundly persuaded that there is
no comparison between the merits of the
deep cutter and the shallow sloop. The
sloop is looked upon as a distinctively
American institution. But 1t is an odd
fact that at the beginning of this century
the two nations occupied exactly opposite
positions upon the model question. The
whole world, England included, frankly
admits that the first improvements on
models for ships came from America
And it was America that first discarded
the old-fashioned Dutch model of fiat
bottomed, blunt-prowed boats that had
been the accepted standard for more than
100 years. Right here 1t may be inter-
esting to state that the queer word yacht
is from the Dutch and shows the historic
origin of the aristocratic sport. The Or
iginal form of the word was "jagt,"
and it was applied by the Dutch to
class of vessels built for speed in order
to clear the seas of pirates and smugglers.
The Dutch model remained in vogue
until the beginning of this century, when
the Americans began to develop the
models that eventually became the basis
for the splendid clippers that were the
pride of our marine. The advantages of
the sharper PROV were soon seen in Eng
land and the new model was taken up
there and developed. The English have
stuck to it ever since, and for more rea-
sons than one. Perhaps the most i'm
portant in its bearing upon the models
of yachts is the system the clubs
| there have of measuring different
boats to determine how much start
one shall allow another. The plan
they adopted for this was very
complex, but in brief it graded the size of
boats according to the breadth of beam
that is, the width of the craft at the
widest part. 1t was an object, therefore,
for the builders to 80 construct their
boats that they should have to allow as
little time as possible to their rivals.
They narrowed them and sunk them
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
GUYING A GHOST.
An English Spook That Would Not Sub
scribe to Local Charities.

There is in one of the midland counties of
England fine old and rather celebrated his
torical mansion, with towers, turrets and
mullioned windows But alas! for all its
attractive beauty, it possessed that one terri
BILE drawback with which so many of our
grand old mansions are unluckily afflicted
it had its ghost and its haunted room, which
no servant would enter alone, even in broad
daylight, and in which no one ever-or very
rarely-slept. With the usual provoking
irregularity which belongs to the whole tribe
of disembodied spirits, the ghost was known
to WALK at the most inconvenient mo-
ments. always appearing when not wanted,
and carefully Disappointing every. party of
valiant ghost-hunters whenever they mus
tered up courage enough for the watch: This
ghost always appeared in the attire of a me-
dieval monk-brown habit and cowl, rope
girdle, sandals, and carried parchment roll
in one hand.
About two years ago it happened that the
mansion was full of visitors, and among the
last to arrive was a very well-known canon
of the church, celebrated for his unfagging
spirits and sparkling wit. But every room
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
FINE FIBRES.
Glass Rods Less Than One-third the Thick
ness of Spiders Web.

By the method adopted by Mr.. G. V. Boys,
the British physicist, glass rods are quickly
drawn into very fine fibres by straw arrows
shot from a cross-bow. One end of the rod
is attached to the arrow and the other is held
in the fingers, the required temperature
being given the centre of the rod before the
bow is released. Glass is thus extended into
fbres less than one ten-thousandth of an
inch in diameter; and quartz into threads
below one hundred-thousandth of an inch
in thickness, which is less than one-third as
thick as the spiders web, and only one
twentieth as thick as the silk-worm's fibre.
The process is also quite successful with
augte, feldspar and other minerals, garnet
yielding threads of most beautiful colors
when treated at a low temperature. At the
reading of his recent most interesting paper
concerning these fine fibres Mr.. Boys exhib-
tied to the London Physical Society an an
nealed glass spiral capable Of quite accurately
weighing the millionth of a grain.-E1-
chdn1e.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
An English Candidates wit.

An amusing incident took place recently
in England at a meeting to support the can
ditature of Lord Carmarthen for the repre-
sentation of Brixon. Lord Carmarthen's
very youthful appearance had prompted a
good many personal illusions during the
campaign, and at the meeting referred to he
was interrupted in the middle of a speech by
costermonger, who shouted, Does your
mother know yre out ?' Eyes" retorted the
boyish candidate, my mother does know
I'm out" and then screaming at the top of
his voice, land on Tuesday she will know
Pm in" Whether this was "a carefully pre-
pared impromptu" or not, it took the hearts
of the crowd by storm
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

was occupied. He was far too great favor
lite to be refused. What was to be done?
Happy thought-the haunted chamber The
canon, as a good priest, would, of course,
have no fear of the ghost, as this was his
first visit. In this, however, the good host
was mistaken, for the witty canon had often
heard the story and knew all about it. Ac-
cordingly he was committed to the haunted
chamber.
Next morning at breakfast no one appeared
with brighter or happier face, or seemed
fuller of high spirits and exuberant fun: ut
is quite clear, thought the host, greatly re-
ieved, che has not been disturbed in any
way"
Next morning, and the next, and the next,
he still came down with the early ones with
the same ight-hearted aspect which only
those who have enjoyed sound sleep or peace
full dreams can wear; The hosts anxiety at
length could stand it no longer, and he con-
graduated his visitor on the sOundness of his
rest and quietude of his nights. But the witty
canon, seeing his opportunity, suddenly as
Stunning very grave face, informed his host
that his first night at any rate had been
neither quiet nor undisturbed. A sudden
pause and dead silence followed, as the
canon proceeded to describe how, while he
was lying wide awake, he was aware of the
presence in the room of a tall, dark figure,
which came up to the bed. He observed
that the figure was habited as a monk, and
carried a parchment roll, with which it ap-
peared to point. The canon ended by dwell
ing on its CHASTITY color and its glazing, hor
rible eyes, as they shone forth beneath the
dark cowl.
A dozen anxious questions at once poured
in upon the speaker: "What did you do?"
''Did YOU address it?'' "Did he speak to
your "How did you get rid of him?"
"How?" replied the witty canon. "Why,
very easily. asked him to subscribe to my
schools and school-treat, when he vanished
Immediately; and need hardly say he has
never honored me with another VISIT
Chambers Journal.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27

Mr.. Poots-Where is that burglar, Maria
Where is he? Where's the villain gone?
Mrs. Poots-Gone to the station house.
oh, dear, Pm so distracted. A policeman
came and took him. Oh, John, why did
you leave me all alone when the alarm rung
and run into the garrett?
why did run into the garnet? keep
my arms in the garnet, that's why"
''But you've been gone an hour"
TOOK over an hour to oil up my gun and
grind up my Ratchet. But it's lucky for the
burglar that my arms were not in order. -
TerdS Siftings.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
What a Railway Conductor Has Observed

A railway conductor combats the cruel
hallucination that the coming generation of
his countrymen will be puny, sickly and
played out His experience of many years
convinces him that the contrary is the case,
and that the average child of under twelve"
who travels with half-fare ticket is as large
as boy or girl of fifteen or sixteen used to
be in ante-railway days.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
TIPS AND POINTERS.
LITERARY NOTE.

LITERARY NOTE.
Miss Constance Fenimore Woolson is
spending the summer at Florence, at the
Villa Brichieri. place referred to by Mrs.
Browning in "Aurora Leigh" 1t is said
that in the house adjoining Hawthorne
wrote part of the Marble Faun." So if
Miss Woolson's literary effort does not come
up to Hawthorne's standard, it will be the
next thing to it.
is THIS THE CAUSE?
A correspondent writes to ask what causes
stringency in the money market. Various
things, but the following announcement
clipped from one of our contemporaries may
furnish some information: Emma Abbott
has gone to Paris to purchase new operate
attractions from Worth"
MENDING HIS FORTUNE.
Miss Singer the millionaire daughter of
the original Singer of the sewing machines,
and stepdaughter of the Due de Campo
Selce, is about to be married to the Prince
de Scey Montbelard, a scion of an ancient
house. who will now be able to patch up the
rents in his fortune.
CANDID CONFESSION.
~. Haggard," cries Howells,
In his caustic avowals
as no author at all can see;
There, in fact, don't exist
A profound novelist,
Unless-pardon grammar-its me-"
MERELY PRESENT.
Two-thirds of the enormous loan required
for the Panama canal have been subscribed.
NJ de Lesseps concludes his remarks upon
the subject by phrase that must sound
ominous to the shareholders-"It will do
very well for the presentP'
BoULANGER's DAUGHTER.
General Boulanger's daughter is about to
become nun, and his enemies say it is a
shrewd device of his to curry favor with the
clericals. This may work very well with the
daughter, but the clercals will have nun of
him.
GEORGES ORGAN.
The inquiry has been made, What is Henry
Georges political organ? John McMackin
answers, Henry Georges political organ2
I-sir-for am his organizer"
THE sINEws OF WAR.
How the willy Russ must dread it
When the German hurts his credit!
AS the willy Teuton chancellor attacks the
angry Gar;
For he knows the way to euchre
Is to cripple Russian lucre.
IT'S the heel of this Achilles to disable him
in war.
1T WOULDN'T DO.
The Postoffice Department has very SEN
sibly refused to name Nebraska postoffice
''Old Maid''
Good for the P. o. D. !; think of the COM
plications which might arise from lover
addressing his sweetheart with-Miss Sally
Blank, Old Maid, New.
The tuneful Patti comes again,
In vain It's estimated,
How many times farewell tour
Can be reduphcated.
'TwIxr BoULANGER AND FERRY.
When Frenchmen are impelled to fight
The honor-healing duel.
And aim into each others sight
The weapons cold and cruel;
Then, if in one shot is sent
To ease the others passion;
IT'S going back on precedent
In a surprising fashion.
So Danish all foreboding fears
'Twixt Boulanger and Ferry,
For Frenchy's duels, it appears,
Are ssldaa ~ nAy.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
Nothing Nervous About Her.

TERRIBLE thing, this ice-cream sickness, "
remarked Charley, as he was out walking
with his girl "ft's caused by something or
other called tyrotoxicon. I'm told the ice
cream dealers have suffered a good deal of
loss since its appearance. The girls are all
afraid of it, you know"
And Charley grinned to himself.
They walked on in silence. After while
she hung on to his arm with both hands and
murmured:
"Charley dear, do not know what fear is
when am with you"
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1887-08-27
That Was the Question.

Muddled Gent-Say officer (hic), do you
know where John Williams lives?"
Officer-Why, you're John Williams your
self!
Muddled Gent-Yes, I know (hic), but
where does John Williams live?-Life.