davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
FREEZING AND STARVING.

Terrible Suffering In Western Kansas
Caused by the Storm.
ST. LOUIS, Dec. 21.-The blizzard that
started in the West early Tuesday morn
ing continues in its severity, Reports
from Leav- enworth, Kan, indicate much
suffering in the west from lack of fuel.
Farmers are burning corn, furniture and
parts Of their houses to Keep
from freeZinQ
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Want Pay for the Damages.

ROCHESTER, N. Y, Dec. A,-The city
authorities have decided to sue the
Vacuum Oil company of this city for
damages to sewers and other property
occasiened by the explosion Of naphtha
Wednesday. Several of the lateral sew
ers are thought to he ruined. 1t La
thought that the litigation will involve
over. $500, 900. A number of private
damage suits will also be commenced in
all probability.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
ALIEN LAND LAWS.

Fs,epe==e .1rA Amendment. g. Allow Foreign
Capital to Develop Territorial Mines.
WASHINGTON, Dec 23.-There will
probably be an amendment passed to the
act preventing aliens acquiring real ss-
tate in this country. Senator Mitchell
will propose an amendment allowing
aliens to hold real estate in the territories
and the District of Columbia, such prop
erty to be used only for mining precious
metals, and the residence of legations,
provided that Cinnamon be not allowed
to hold real estate for any purpose what
aver
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Turkey Talks War.

LONDON, Dec. ga Daily News spe-
cial from Constantinople says that the
porte has been notified that il the ESQ.,
600 due ON the war indemnity are not
promptly paid pledges will be taken in
Asia Minor. The government is short Of
money, but still the sultan, in alarm
over the war rumors, thinks of calling
out 90, ZOO men for Erzeroum and Bull
I
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
An Important Strike.

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. z26.-The district
assembly of the Reading railway en-
ployes held a meeting Saturday and after
much discussion of the trouble among
coal handlers ordered q strike on all the
company's lines. The order effects nearly
40 600 mon
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Canadian Pacific Steamers.

GLASGOW, Dec. A.-Three steel steam
ers Of 5000 tons burden have been con-
tracted for by the Canadian Pacific Rail-
road company. The steamers will be
built at the Fairfield yard on the Clyde,
and will be used in the Canadian Pacific
company's japanese service
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28

then, he will this year repeat his gifto
q much larger SCALE Nearly 1900 news
boys will be. given suits of clothes, and
over 1000 families will be given ton Of
coal and barrel of flour. None who
will receive coal and -four know of Gen.
Alger's intentions, and the gifts will
therefore come wholly as a surprise. The
distribution began Christmas, 100 fam
lilies being supplied directly from dealers.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Site for the National Gun Factory.

WASHINGTON, D. c., Dec. 26.-There
will probably be bitter contest in con-
gress over the selection of location Of
the national gun factory. The chief Of
ordinance has reported that the factory
ought not to be erected at the Watervliet
arsenal, and recommends that Frankfort
arsenal, Philadelphia, be selected.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Not the Consump, ives Paradise

In letter reld before Il recent meeting
of the Berlin Anthropological society,
DIR. Schliemann energetically protests
against the current belief in the salutary
effect of the Egyptian climate in pulmon-
airy troubles. He writes from Thebes:
'.Since my consumptive servant, Polops.
whom had taken with me in order to
save his life, has died, and since I have
observed in this city number of con-
-sunptivcs whom, like the German Con-
sular Agent Tedious, knew twenty-ei@ht
years ago as robust men, am entirely
cured Of tho Lelief that Egypt is the para
disc of consumptives, and would much
rather advise such patients to go to the
Riviera than 10 Egypt. Chicago News
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Will Norquay Withdraw?

WINNIPEG, Man, Dec. s23.-It is an
nounced positively that Norquay, owing
to the charges made against him, has de-
cided to withdraw from the premiership
for the present at least, allowing Harri-
son to take charge.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
THE NEWS I'M PARAGRAPHS
Interesting Items Briefly ChronicIed
For Our Readers,

For Our Readers.
Red Cloud, the Sioux chief, Is to de-
liver lecture at CentraIia, Ill.
Mr.. David Sheehy, MP. has been SEN
fenced to three months imprisonment at
hard labor.
An ineendiary fire destroyed an entire
business block at Northwood, Iowa. Loss
about $40, 600 8. g
The Western Steel works at st. Louis,
will close Jan. /. Seventeen hundred
men will be thrown out of employment.
The Rurahst, an agricultural paper
published at East Pierre, d. T., has been
made the ofncisl organ Of the Farmers
alliance In Dakota.
The state veterin arian of Nebraska,
has been instructed to investigate anew
CONTAGIOUS disease which has made its
appearance In a herd OF horses near
North Platte.
Judge Moody has gone to Warrington
to work on the Sioux reservation and
Dakota statehood matters.
The Grand Marais Sc yermilion Iron
and Land company, with a capital Of
100000 was Incorporated
Railroad commissioners have requested
all tbs roads torcome down to the North
5ern Racincss rate on Agricultural nipple
ments.
The governments experiments with
new processes of extracting juice from
sugar cane, show q net gain of 10 per
cent. over the other process.
The annual report of the State .inspec-
tor shows that 3,944, 300 barrels of salt
were inspected in Michigan during the
present year. There are 142 blocks and
A SEQ salt covers in the state, with an
estimated capacity of 5,265, 900 barrels.
On account of taking or the regular
trainers al benson. passengers
leaving st. Psul on the Manitoba for
sSVatertown or points between Bcnsonar
WATERFOWL at 47:30 o. m. or 7:30 p. m
will have to wait at Benson from
time of arrival till 8o'clock the follow
mornin9.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
"FoRGETs NOT. HER DEFENDERS"

Admission to the Iowa Soldiers Home at
NIarshalItown Already Granted to
Large Number of Veterans.
MARSH ALLTowN. Iowa, Dec. 22.-Al-
though the Iowa Home for Veteran Sol
diers has been opened but q few weeks,
it is rapidly becoming the abiding place
Of 'svets" Col Milo Smith told rep
resentative of the American Press Asso-
citation yesterday that UP to date seventy
one applications from old soldiers had
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Beecher,s Successor

BROOKLYN, N. Y, Dec. 26.-There is
talk that Rev. Thomas K. Beecher, of
Elmira, will be called to fill his brothers.
place in Plymouth church.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28

The prospects are that the wheat crop
of Texas In 1883 will be double that Of
the present year.
The ticket Office Of the Northern Pa
cflc at Bismarck was burglarized and
over 800 stolen.
Forty-four thousand hogs arrived at
the Chicago stock yards, Wednesday,
causing drop Of 10 to % cents per 100
pounds. ~.
The K. w. Culver Lumber company, of
Kansas City, has sold to the Chippewa
Lumber and Boom company $4,000, 600
feet Of standing pine for $75, 900.
The agent in this country of the gov
sernment of Dutch Guiana is anxious that
that country should be included in Con-
gressman's Townshend's proposition to
establish an american zoliverein.
The Dolphin will be sent to look up the
big raft adrift on the Atlantic
The Pullman Palace Car company gave
800 to the st. Paul carnival frnd Thurs
day. So
It Is rumoy
make Arch"
eo%.s' -
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28

Some people in Belgium believe that
an omclet of cgcs of IL certain owl is an
iufaliible remedy for drunkenness.
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28

european wal Iaik.
Letters from Moscow say number OF
Russian officers stationed there have been
ordered not te arrange for their usual
holiday.
Prince Ferdinand has summoned all
the generals of his staff to attend war
councils to be held in Sofia.
All vessels, pontoons and tugs belong
ing to the Austrian Navigation company
have been ordered from the lower Danube
to Turnseverin for the winter. This is an
unusual precaution.
It is semi officially stated that no COM
munications whatever save been ex-
changed by the Austrian and Russian
governments concerning the present stu
alton in Bulgaria, nor has Russia made
any intimation regarding the movement
of her troops on the frontier.
The Buffalo city government has been
dent Cleveland.
A Scandal building and loan associa-
ton, with q capital of $500 900, has been
organized at Duluth.
Minneapolis parties propose to erect at
Mankato duplicate in appearance of the
West hotel to. cost 500, 900.
Montreal Snow Shoe club will be the
guests of the st. Georges Snow Shoe
club during the carnival at St Paul.
Superintendent Graham has notified
settlers ON the jamestown & Northern
that that road may be closed part of the
winter
The general offices of the various rail-
ways will be closed Monday to give en-
ployes chance to observe Christmas.
A passenger engine at Quincy, H.,
jumped the track and pitched down an
embankment. The fireman was killed.
A home for discharged convicts is to
be established in Detroit. Funds for the
enterprise have been obtained through
private subscription.
About dozen of the wholesale dealers
sr lard in New York have formed trust.
100 patients brought from
y, there are 700 inmates
-vlum.
a. has been or
=Ner
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28

lHnEITtI to be ma l". tuf f.i:s nHt and
lHlIMIN return 10 U.s. aud W will send
NIItNI | you free, combining If great
hiOhIa alue and importance - yOu,
that will start yOu in business which will
bring YOU in more money right away than
anything else in this wo III Any on" c;sn do
The work AMI live ut h .in.. Eltnp' *: all
iges. Something urw t!int iH-t rnin@ money
f.Ir all workers. NJ will StarI YOU: capital
tOt needed. This IS on" OF tH'' Z .'@irc, i'm
nOrtant chances 81 Il lifetime. fhnS" ho
IRE ambitious aud "nt:.rpr>i1g will not de-
ay Grand outfit free. .Aidre-s TkJ E d
20, Augusta, Maine. drrl-66
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
TICKET OFFICES:

TICKET OFFICES:
CHICAGO-4E5 clark ~:
Depot. Tor Po'k St. nd 5t!r Ave
a. Palmer IiruS,'
Ora d PHc fic IiOtei.
fremont House.
M1LWAUKEE-315 Broadway.
NV Passenger Station.
ST. PAUI-I73 East Third -i!r.et.
Union H"p0t
MINNEAPOLIS- Q Needle II use Block.
50 Union D"t,"..
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28

LoNneE, Dec. 21.-The steamer Great
Eastern has been sold to a metal firmfo
GIG, 100. The vessel will be broken. up as
old metal
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
Millions for Defense.

LONDON, Dec. 24.-The chamber of
deputies at Bucharest has sanctioned the
expenditure of $2,000.000 in the pur-
chase of repeating rifles and of 81 ZOO, 600
for forts
Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1887-12-28
THEY SURRENDER.
Liquor Dealers in st. Paul Give in to the
High License Law.
=. III. Kelly Better.

NEW YORK, Dec. 22.-P. H. Kelly, Of
St, Paul, member of the Democratic Ma
tional committee, who has been very i'll
at the HOTEL Normandie, is much better.
His wife and brother are with him.
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30

A bright little girl residing in ST Louis,
No, composed the following geographical
puzzle We wonder how many OF our young
folk can supply the names Of the towns,
rivers, gulfS, etc. suggested IA each sentence.
left nay happy hsine 10 pay vislt u a
lady friend, whose name ls city IN West
Virginia spent tse night, and for break
fast We had fish, Nkees name uas the same
as New England cape. That evening was
accompanied 10 tea party by her brother,
whose name is 3 caty ia Massachusetts,. most
every one is fond of pies made from the name
Of mountains in Virginia. i thlnk a number
of boys have watches named from city in
Massachusetts, | don't think any Of our
girls and boys have enough courage 70 face
ouadruped IA the middle states. 4 great
many people seasoning their cooking with
the name of a capital IN South America, and
II they don't be like a cape on the Atlantic
coast, they won't enjoy IT, Some people sire
very wasteful, only learn 20 be like the name
Of "A river II central Europe. 1t is very be-
coming 70 sOKc folks 10 have a nose Ike tie
name of a city in Koumsnia. 4 great many
years ago al earthquake occurred by the
name Of capital in the southern part Of
Europe. 4 front yard may be made pleas
ant by several large trees, named from a city
in Alabama Why Is it boys rather play
with marble bv the name of a river ia
Alabama than the otherss An earthquake
jars house, and SO does gull south Of
France
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30
Cioaks and Evening Wraps.

Cloth coats are 50 elegant this season in
fabric, color and design that modiSteS and
tailors are commencing them for dressy
wraps for visiting and for carriage toilettes
The new cloths have great waves and curves
OF deeper tone than the surface brocaded
upon them, or they are striped like velvet, OF
there ara floral or geometrical figures sunk in
their surface, or, best Cf all, they are per
fectly plain. with velvet like finish that
gives them the name of velvet cloths. They
come in the new stylish shades of Gobelin
blue, fawn, copper red, yieux green and
browns Of dozen different shades. They are
lined throughout with gay plaid surahs, or
else with black OF a somber hue, and are
trimmed with fur, with changeable velvet
and rich cord passamenterie. The short
cloaks are merely NANTES In cape shape, OF
else they have visite sleeves.
White and gold wraps for evening are
made OF white cloth with velvet ike finish,
and are braided all over with gold cord in
stripes; these come in wide slseved paletots
and in dolman shapes. India embroideries in
metals trim other sorties de bal, made of the
new changeable velvets, or plush, or the new
watered velvet in dark India red and the
favorite Gobelin blue shades. Fringes of
metal. chenille and silk cords, or else bands
of fur or feathers. edge such garments, and
many are lined throughout with fur, notably
pale blue plush cloak lined with chinchilla.
and made in the Irish peasant shape gath
cred about the neck and without sieevcsl ,
while second cloak Is a long dolman Of
fawn colOred mOire velvet lined with the
crinkIed white fleece Of the japanese goat,
and richly braided with god.-Harper 5
Eaza-
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30

Somc strange scF.. i.sto lafn told Il tie
way Ia Uhicn - amer 'a-i.i over l.s pe,l-
iEe There d q i'.1ar .a i..- nsr ~ glas ask
tie part oi lori absolute uh.eh cas- hsAl be
appreciate al a d.s.sao, -. f.il stoIy ni.4sh
has just reached vs ls1D s.ew. .soi lelgaeo,
We are told the a8noos N8s iins b. dlgi<r
discussing public affair Tee hainen ds-
partrns0t hai gone iroafh fher WORK
Orders had been iseBoa fo rrirsae c,itlIl ffq-
sons from TIE s3rTors q ea.1ance. uncu To-
durhar sudavilly dsshea into greater tLinss.
ara bcgan e. taik about tbe tf. sh and the
Russsars 4 man ~ho hHd iaiois h-ou sitre
ducod - court asi3 was nat naf af.saaitte1
,.iiA las sofercI "a vs5s. remarked "i-oii
q Tie earth. 1t i'.e say vhsi thcy l-e.
Lgt tbs husihls o. Las boau s.annipg t.e
political horizon DIIr far ross l4ps ole. a..a
the Rsssaus aIs coming TIE lord oi fbe
earth ssniie.l sweet sinile-solnc ~ sac ola
courtieTs WHO ,sncw that ssllie also suiled-
and. turning upon h.fn with TIE fo- u.arh-
ing ewes said hlght ievtii ~ our c,f-
bar and son Ut osr un1crti34d NJ - tho1
sure Of tl.lsT The lnrd ~ the earth .e o,n-
niscenf oBd knows eFcrfFtlug. rsg iiei ie
We'll. o. be sure we DC see fhl7g- AID tHr.v
ono or tw-o thRgs bot We ara c'd now flrT-
over yen free ofetfucis our ticv HOVE
ever tnou sri Young. 60 taol. t4ssreicr
climb the tree. w1f-A tho cursed Nr-cvi-
movements. and wilson be- IS very clos Upoa
IA come and inforrn "a Tbs tree :. hrh. 50
that thou sasii BE- enshia5 ~ sas long way
on
Forthwith the man was bed o. The iIt~ snd
made q climb - the foganoe bFag be- go
ieey Up lis courage II ks grew weary - his
pos. guard vise bsvonets fIed vas tod
CT g repiain below if b. sssld tbe Young
man felt considerably elevated ~ - mas
ters hurnef. sHe fst vefv sEhiliaTa.od o.
6rst but tbres days contemplation of ne
heaui5es II nature. even from s.soh corr
mansiEg Position- - apt ~ fire enc. enc -
be fell Tesy ssy hs Get hura sos diel No
enc ssres % raise alarms - Jssal sow
Eou.sw Mail
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30
The Lost Rivers of Idaho.

One Of the most singular features In the
scenery Of tho territory of Idaho j. the occur
renee OF dark. rocky chasnls. into which largo
streams and creeks suddenly disappear. and
are never more seen TheS, assures. explains
Golden DAYS, are old lava channels produced
hy the outside Of the molten mas cooling and
forming a tube, which. on the fiery stream
becoming exhausted. has been left empty
while tine roof of the lava duct. having at
some point fallen IN presenis there the open
ing into which the river plunSes ana Is lost
At one place along the baaks OF the snake
one Of these rivers reappeair gushing from q
cleft high ~ in the bassltic walls, where It
leans a cataract into the torrent below.
Where this stream has It's origin. OF AT what
point it is swallowed up. i utterly unknown,
though il is believed that its sources are q
long way W in the north country.
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30
AalicxIic Acid

Professor L. II. BARLEY, OF Brooklyn,
after careful observation, expresses the be
lief that the use OF sslicylic acid in treating
rheumatism, if long continued, iInpeirs the
digestion and inhanes the kidneys. He says
also that serious objection 10 the uss OF
salicylic acid Is the fact that many samples
found in the market contain more or less
carbolic acid. Ii is now almost entirely
manufactured from this very poisonous sub
stance and, unless great care is exercised, an
appreciable amount of carbolic acid is left in
the product. Some writers think that most Of
the fatal accidents recorded from the use Of
salicylic acid are due to the presence of car
bolic acid From careful consideration Pro
fessor BARLEY is compelled to regard the use
of salicylic acid in preserving food and
drinks, and especially in lager beer, rs open
at least to serious objection.
Professor BARLEY fixes the quantitys of
salicylic acid usually employed in beer at
from twelve to fifteen grains per gallon: or.
from one TO one and a half grains TO the
glass. As many men habitually drink twenty
five glasses during the day, they take from
twenty-five 70 thirty-s en- grains OF the acid
per day. The IasdiCs al dose is usually
stated to be from zen to twenty grains.
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30
Fashions In Necklaces

Both diamond and pearl necklaces sr- nov
vorn With ri,h snd e!a5orat. decorations in
front. decorations that fail down and almost
81 ia ths : shsDei front when the ccrs.xs -
thus fashioned. These elaborate necklaces
have by 10 rneans in-erfsre1 With tha popB-
lsrity q those ooEPos-i Il q simple strand Il
pearls -ita nieiaiiion suspended tnerefrou1.
or the still simpler form u ornament, god
chain with pendant attacked
In silver have appeared son1s exceedingly
popular neck ornaments. including rev pat
ternS IN dog collars tbat fssten close st-sut
The throsr ard necklaces that fsl loosely
sround the neck TIE forsl r-cklsces sr.
very sstrsctivs. rhess consist q = series II
enarneied f0wzrs fastened together 50 ss q
make q SpUele bsnd Tne ncoustone neck-
isc~s a. scns.l7 prstrv. IN sbess the ston-s
are So IN square. oval - round blocks & sli-
yer hnks1 tox.rhsr.
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30
a sparrow and Postage stamp.

The Dean a. Canterbury was at work sur
rounded by book, and paper in a room that
opens into the garden. presently sparrow
few in. Tcrched on the table and lcisuely
looked about her. The dean was careful not
TO disturb her After a short survey she
went 70 the stamp box. which was open,
took stamp ia her beak and quietly few
away with it What could she have wanted
with itl Can anv Of my little readers GlIessl
A little child said 70 me-. ! never heard of a
bird sending a letter ty post. did she want
il 70 mend hols IA beT nest f" Perhaps II
happened in June, but sparrows rear great
many families. 50 tho home ni Ebt have been
out Of repair One would like 70 know.
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE.
Manners and Customs Prscticed in Poll
Society.

NanDtrt ana &Cslrms 1rdCtIfSd IN fOl4fe
Society.
The matrimonial season which is ushered in
with the coming of October gives lively in
terest 10 information on the newest fashions
connected with weddings. From some timely
hints given by such excellent authority as
Harper's Bszar are extracted the following
Wedding invitations bear the formula 50
long used, but have far wider margins than
any yet seen and ara consequently larger, re-
quiring larger obioug envelopes instead Of
the small square ones lately in favor The
engraving is in plain, clear English script
without ornamental initials or monogram,
on pure white paper, though cream tints are
also used The formula, il viii be remem-
bered, Is ss follows: ''Mr and Mrs. John
Thompson request your presence at the mar
riage of their daughter, Margaret Eleanor,
20 Mr.. Charles Henry Jonc THURSDAY,
October the twenty y-ninsh, at half
past three o'cleck, at St George
church The invisation is sent ont fort
night or three weeks before the wedding
The post is found to be ssfe medium and IS
generally adopted
Wedding invitations require no answer
For out Of town weddings that are fashion
able during the months Of October and No
vembeT, the formula given above Is ussd with
the words at tbsir residence IN Westches.er. y
or other suburban adz.ress At hoTae we'd
ding. which i Il desired should fe private.
invitations bearing the usual formula are sent
70 the relations asd q few friends Then, on
the next day, the marriage is announced 70
al on note sheets engraved as f01lcwS. Mr.
an1 Hrs. James A Saith annoance he mar
riags Of theIr daughter Mary % Hr John
Henry Jehns1n. Welnes6sF, NOvernheT TIA
fifteenth. 1ss7. Fifth sveslue. NsT ! FORK
An Old form Of sn7oGocenseut cards still Ia
uss is that of iuciosing card bearing ths
names Il the newly married covp'e. a. NJ
snd Mrs John Rotfns9u. s1d also . card
VITA tbe n>rne q TIE bride befsre ter usr
rag Ibeir new sddre<s msy ~ nay no'
Re giveD. or. Il ths hride sad groom ars
g0inE sbrosd. 2 2 G nay he engraved II
TIE eft hand corner r. the card contaa nine
TIER names. Jnziazed IT veilrra fnlsas1
csrss srs used far sson sanounos1seuts.
Telegram-herald., 1887-10-30

Nothing made Nankiug 80 much celebrated
abroad as the Porcelain tower. which vas one
o. the gVosar.- ~ the world II stood pre-
ennent.y beyond ali similar buildings for
is compleieness and elegance and tire quality
Of material o. which II was built l. cost
; Coz 600, and was ninety years IN buiding,
being complstesi in A. ID. 1880 The outer face
OF this unique structure was covered with
slabs n porcelain OF various coiors. principally
green, red. yellow and white. At every one
OF It's zine stories there y "a a projecting roof
covered with green tiles. and bell vas sus-
PENDED from each corner There were l52
bells IN ali, which gave sweet sounds when
there vas a brisk WIND. One hundred and
twenty eght amps were hung on the outside.
In 'he yesr 1907 IL was seriously injured by
gfnrm