The Monitor. [volume] (Woodstown, N.J.) 1884-1892, 1887-04-29

/ ibSAtbbbOh. itdllcIG0 ana It's SittcS glDWI
| together. Now we have five post offices, til,
/ best literature of the day is Oh the center
! table Of our farmers, and our sons anc
daughters are being educated at the besi
| institutions Of learning in the land Pitts
grove is waking up to a spirit of improve
mcnt in the marketing Of her farm crops
Formerly two farmers would join together
to make up load Of grain to be wagoned
all the way to Nays Landing for mar
ket. lie did not know whether or not the
traditional boy who went 10 the mill astridf
a horse with bushel of corn in one end OF
the bag and Il stone in the other end fol-
ballast lived in Pittsgroye, but the milling
| Of those days was done much in this prm-
tive way, and consisted of a bushel or SO
of corn to be fed to the chickens. Now her
large crops are utilized at home, and wagon
loads Of grain 90 to and from the mill to be
| fed to the cattle and other stock.
Pittsgrove is waking up to spirit of i'm
provement in the utilization of farm ma
chinerY. The old iron pillow has given place
to the steel one, and the old grain cradle
and hand rake to the sell-reaping and bind
ing machine. On many farms are farm
mills, so that grain grown on the farm
never leaves the farm until it is converted
into the more valuable products OF meat
and milk. One farmer has been SO fool
ISL ~ as to invade the domain of nature
and harness the wind and make it subser-
Went to his purpose. Progression is the
wateh-Word Of her agriculture. Now in
conclusion allow me to welcome you to
Pittsglove in behalf of the members of this
Board from Pittsgrove, in behalf Of the
farmers Of Pittsgrove, and in behalf Of old
mother Pittsgrove herself
4 4hs ,oiYotr., n a., o.dt,oe. NJ,
Cooper, President OF the Board, asked the
speaker TO what cause or causes he attrib-
ted the enriching OF the soil. To which he
replied: "Man and lime laid the perma-
nent foundation. Then the feeding of the
products OF the farm together with large
quantities Of bran and cotton seed meal
built up the super structure.
On behalf Of the Board the President
thanked Mr.. Graf for his kindly and gem
erous welcome.
Attention was called to the fact that the
compensation to be awarded to the Secre-
tary for his services had never been fixed.
and the matter was referred 10 the Board
of Directors for adjustment.
y paper on Corn Culture, prepared by
Woodnut Petit, of Warrington, was then
read, The full text Is a. follows
To SALEM couSr4 BOARD or AGIHcrLrrRn:
III The request of your Secretary, hy direc-
tion of your Directors | was solicited TO pro-
duce paper ON Corn Culture. and in com
pliance Herewith submit the following
III the present time. on account of western
competition, The production of corn in this
county is not directly so remuneHtiye as il
was twenty-five years ago, and yet as crop
for stock feeding purposes ii has no equal
with Us, everything taken into consideration,
and also a. a crop 10 clean the laad from foul
weeds it Is the best crop brought into the gen
eral rotation system hich IS usually adopted
in his county, therefore il Is reasonable fo
expect that the production OF corn viii lie one
Of the leading crops in this county tor many
years to come. PresHming such to be the case
/ consider the subject an important one, and
although having been 4 corn raiser for nearly
thirty years ! find by observation nave much
vel learn on the subject.
Now as to \, hat know about & oim Culture =
or nj least " hat think know, j. ~ follows;
No crop viii 50 generally respond 10 good
treatment If the season ,llits, on al different
varieties of soil, Is I he corn CROP and yet the
management 10 ntndure that result must he
almost rs different In some particulars is the
soils on which the crop Is grown. My cXper-
icnee in corn culture mas been chiefly eonfin-
ed toa good loany soil, nndei1aid with 4 mod
clsttciy retentiVe >uhsoil, and for soils OF like
character my remarks are intendedto apply
ist.-To begin with clover or clover and
timothy sod of bH. one years growth or hay
ing been mOwn but one year, pillow any time
in tie spring before planting. but if after a
likelihood of II sharp freeze ami very careful
fo not plow when The ground i too Wet, which
is easily known by he shiny and glossy APP
1eafancD fi the SOIL Nfleli turned. niiE Is
idea every corn grower should ohse rye, do mol
pillow whom loo wet without You certain
that sharp freeze TO pulverize will follow. Tn
else if you are an observing person Ynl Will
rue il the rest of the wear Iii the way Of clods
and the sOdden condition OF The soil.
2d.-If 4 sod two or more Years old is Used
piow in the winter If opportunity presents, If
not just soon as possible in the spring to
give the frost a chance to kill the iarSTt Of de
SfruciiVe insects in the inverted sod which
often infest old sod ground.
3d.-If after corn, or ON what j. called stalk
ground, usually apply course harnyaid ma
nure at thC rate of fifteen or twenty loads per
acre, which fertilize>, well n having good
mechanical effect On the soil in he way of
keeping ii loose and porous. capable of imlDib-
ing moisture from the dew> IN dry weather,
and with such applications / realize H. good
crops usually rs | do on the sod ground with
out the use Of the manure. j have found by
experience, all thugs considered, five inches
to be about the proper depth TO pillow, which Is
deep enough TO give Il good seed bed, Always
use Il jointer in blowing under the sod and tie
careful that the sod i neatly and completely
turned under, which if the land i not foul
with weed seeds Will in the culture OF the crop
he able to dispense with hand hoeing, which
in these days of high priced labor is desirable.
One word i'll regard to deep or shallow pillow
ing. | have experimental in piowing years
ago from four To eight inches in depth, ana A.
ways apparently when over six inches deep to
the detrnent Of the crop, and the crop APP
Deared to he better here plowed only five
inches deep. II piowed less than five inches
the crop appeared to be just good, though
there is more trouble to keep the grass from
desirable to one who keeps his eye single to
getting the best crop for the least amount of
labor. The philosophy ofthe advantages OBJ
tanned from the iive-inch nlowing i it places
the plant food near the surface where the corn
roots delight to run, andat the same time, pro
Vided the suhsoii is of not too letenfiHe a
character, it Will stand a drought better than
the deeper blowing, because the plant IN its
early growth, having access TO more plant
food must as q consequence haze more vital
itV and again the five inches plowed soil
turned on Il strata of better soil than the deep
er soil will keep the Subsoi lust As mellow is
the seven or eight inches turned on the poorer
subsoil, both acting ON the same principle
provided they are Kept loose by cultivation,
a. old iiay or brush has in keeping the soil be
meath them moist. ON all soils underlaid with
"A stiff imperVious subsoil or very deficient in
organic or vegetable matter, il Will be found
very difficult to raise even moderate crop OF
corn during IL dry season under any treat
ment that am acquainted with
Before planting / thoroughly prepare the
ground with the Acme or disc and Smoo thing
harrow. Thorough cultivation before plant
ing saves much labor after. IN selecting seed
adopt plan that l cannot safely recommend
Ia al, because always husk early and store in
open, well covered cribs and many do not do
chat that j. 60 10 The crib in the spring ana
select ears to my liking ana do not ever re
ing Mark ont both ways, four feet three
inches and plant usually the first week in
May. Using from nifty 10 sixty pounds OF high
grade phosphate 10 the acre in the hill 10 give
bcttei.w hen small Use just enough coal tar
on The seed TO coYer the grain, which Will ef-
fectuallV keep the birds from pulling II up:
drop about fonr grains in The hill and cover
with horse, and rs soon siS the corn l. faiflY
aO cultivate with Il double \ splke-tooth
harrow, always sharp, drawn by two horses
u-tlside the row with the middle tooth taken
out and the two others next 70 knocked up =