davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg gazette. (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1886-1887, 1887-02-11

ton, yet she had formed an opinion Of
him in her inmost mind, as we are all apt
to do Of unseen persons whom we hear q
great deal about; and whenever she
thought Of Mr.. Glencross the image Of a
hook -nosed old man, yellow-skinned
and cadaverous, engaged in sorting
over piles Of mortgages or counting bags
Of gold, suggested itself to her mental
eye.
sBut he must be human, at least, =
thought Lily, in the agony Of her dis
trcss. IF ! 60 to him myself. and tell
him just what poor Charley's necessities
were, and how good hearted he IS, In
spite of all his faults and thoughtlcssness
If / say frankly to him that have no
money nor jewels to reimburre him, but
that / will stay and work for him, as 4
servant girl might work in the kitchen,
until have discharged the horrible
debt, surely, oh, surely he cannot have
the heart to refuse. can do great
many things. ! can sew and embroider,
and can make good bread and biscuit,
and poor mama always said was good
housekeeper, and if Mr.. Giencross is
really 50 misery as Charley thinks he
would look at the economy Of the
thing. AT least, it is worth trying.
so fayorably did Lilias Wayland re-
1
gard this idea, preached in her sore ex-
tremity, that in two days from the even
ing in which she had hidden good-by to
her handsome, reckless brother, she
stepped from the cars at the New York
depot, dressed in sober brown suit that
made her look like q shrinking little
mouse, with her carpet bag in her hand.
A little inquiry suficed to bring her
to the street where Mr.. Glencross re-
sided--a stately avenue, lined on either
side with elegant palaces, the like of
which Lily had never seen in the palmer
city where she had been born and bred.
Her heart sank within her as she stood on
the broad brown-stone steps leading up.
to the carved rosewood door, on which q
silver plate bore the name of Glen
cross" in old English letters.
Then, coloring deeply at her own cow
ardly tremulou sness and utter lack of all
resolution and enterprise, she rang the
bell to settle the question at once and
definitely.
IFS Mr.. Glencross at homer she asked
Of the colored servant who answered the
summons.
Yes, Mr.. Glencross was at home i
would the young lady enter2 And Lilias
was shown into an apartment curtaincd
with heavy folds Of purple satin and
carpetcd with velvet of the same rich
color, an apartment whose dusky SPLEEN
dor made her think Of all the stories she
had read Of enchanted palaces in the
realms Of fairy land.
AS Lilias sat on the silken sofa, wait
ing with throbbing heart for the APP
pearance of her unknown cousin, the
thought stole into her mind that he
wasn't SO much Of ssmiser" after all;
and then came sick sort Of misgiying
that her mission was all in vain.
For surely" she thought, glancing
TREMENDOUSLY round the elegant apartment,
''he will not want any one to make
bread or look after the kitchen expendi-
lures. wish--oh, wish that. I was
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

the first forms are delivered to them
about II O'clock. These earlier pages
are filed with miscellany and matter
that can be prepared in the afternoon or
forepart of tine evening. The last pages
are filled with the late Geographic mat
ter and accounts of events reaching the
Office after midnight. The process Of
Stereotyping is about the most interest
ing to Sight-seers of anything connected
with daily newspaper establishment.
TO those who do not understand what
stereotyping means it may be Well to
say that the paper is not printed directly
are impressions of the types. This saves
the wear and tear of the types, as the
plates have to stand all the pressure
incident to being run through the
press for two or three hours on a
Steady stretch. The plates can be
melted after being used and recast a
number of times, which is done in all
offices as measure of economy in the
matter of metal. The remelting does
not seem to have any bad effect, and the
plates appear to be as good as ever.
About - pounds of sterOtyping metal
are handled every week. There is very
little difference in the methods of ster-
Otyping in any of the large newspaper
offices of the country. They have gen
orally adopted the paper mache process
casts are taken being made from paper.
Paper and paste are all the material
used in making the matrix. The paste
is made from a mixture of flour, gloss
starch, pulverized alum and whiting,
and great care has to be exercised in its
preparation. This paste will not coagu-
late when properly made. 1t is laid on
with q soft brush and evenly spread over
the paper for the mold, formed of thin
white blotter and West India tissue. AS
soon as the work of FASTING has been
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

with the business the amount of type a
compassion can set in a night seems
almost incredible. A printer will. how
ever, set more some nights than others.
Saturday night ON the GLOBE is always
good picking." The hours of work are
pretty long, but the results are salts
factory to the men. As q sample the
night of March Is is cited. Thirty
seven eOmpoSitors set up 610,200 ems of
type, an average to each man of Is, 100
ems. OF course, this was great deal
better than the ordinary night, however.
There were large number advertise
mentS, and, the number of men being
small, the bonuses, or ''phat, were more
numerous. But the average is remark
able large, and it is doubtful if the
record has been exceeded very often in
any Office in the country. The men
were setting type from 3 to 5 in the aft
ernOon, and from in the evening until
in the morning. Two men set $4,000
each: men from $4,000 to 30, 900 each,
and men-on straight matter (nO dis
play)-gOt strings of 10000 ems. The
setting of 10000 ems would necessitate
the picking up of about $4,000 to 10000
types of the various thicknesSes, it re-
quiring BIS, or Is or is to make an
EN-. The force of compositorS in the
GLOBE ONCE
HAS GRADUALLY INCREASED
since 1878, when the paper was started
with 10 to IL eOmpoSitOrS. In 1880 there
were 20; in 1894 the number reached %,
and during 1887 they have increased to
81. With this issue the number
jumps to 40 regulars. With the extras
the grand total will be so, which is
equal to any newspaper office in the
Northwest. The GLOBE continues to
grow in every department.
1.-The chapel is an institution essen
tial to the proper conduct Of the COM
posing room of daily newspaper. 1t is
the arbitrator of all disputes and misun-
derstandings, and the father of the
Chapel is really an umpire. 1t does not
follow that he is an old man, though,
because he is called the father. The
youngest man in the Office may serve in
the position. Where so many men are
engaged it would be impossible for bus
mess to proceed without some discord
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01
THE STEREoTYpERS hr WORK.

bed of the molding tai is thu lowered
or raised to the level OF the drying press
and the form slid off the former on to
the latter. 4 strong screw press is
brought to bear upon it, pressing the
damp matriX still deeper into the type,
the blanket aiding materially to make
the impression mere clear-cut and per-
feet. The steam does not injure the
type at all, and in three or seven min
Xtcs the matFiX is perfectly dry. Then
the press is unScreWed and the form
Sided back on the molding table,
after which the blanket is re-
moved and the matrix lifted from
the form. 1t does not adhere to the
type, but comes off readily. AT this
stage the matriX bears the appearance
of large single sheet of thick, strong,
Northumberland paSteboard (the size
OF a page OF the GLODE), with the letters
deeply stamped into its surface. The
Stereotyper now prepares the Matrix for
the casting box, which is an immense
iron mold, opening by hinges, fixed in a
strong metal frame and moving upon
pivotS. The box is curved, like sec
ton of cylinder. The iron mold is
always a few inches longer than the
matrix. This is to insure
4 PROPER UNIFORM PRESSURE
of the molten metal upon every part of
the pasteboard matriX. and to bring out
sharper impression by means OF the
additional pressure caused by the sur
plus weight of metal. The matriX mold
IS placed into the casting box, and then
all is ready for the molten metal. This
metal, which is poured into the casting
pan on to the matrix, is simply the or
binary type metal melted in a cadron
over a very hot furnace. After the
matrix has been placed in position and
the casting pan has been closed and Sc
cured, a small opening being left at the
end in which to pour the melted metal,
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

atcs as an incentive to eacli to set
clean" prCof-with few errors i'll COM
position. a1s
THE NUMBERING BY SLVGs -
also enables the printer to collect all his
takes" on the following day. These
he carefully paStes together, and this is
called his string. This is measuretkyas
the basis of remuneration for the com
positor. The galley boy always takes
one proof on yellow paper. These are
the ''dupeS.' The yellow proofs arc
cut up on the following day and dis
tributed among the compositors accord
ing to the numbers on the slugs.
Another proof is taken on white
sheet. These go TO the proof readers,
who read the matter and mark the
errors. After the errors have been cor
rected and revise taken The gRIlies are
carried 20 the makeup stand. where
the foreman OF his assistant places the
type in the forms. An outsider might
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01
MAKING Up TIE FcaNS.

is not because of a desire to ''loaf" Oh
shirll work, but simply because it is
imperative to give their physical pow
ers Il rest. This makes the sub" u
necessity. Subs can easily average
three to four nights work week, which
is useally all they want. a. faithful
sub" WHO watches his changes closely
and popplari2eS himself with the regli-
lars can get all the work he wants when
there is work to be had Most printers
have Il peculiar way OF working. They
Will put in stretches. . as it is called
work two or three weeks without laying
Off. Then they will nt; come around the
office again for three or four days, prob
ably week or two weeks. They have
their vacations, just as well as other
people. Printers generally put in a
stretch also when they want al new suit
of clothes or have to pay board bill to
a persistent landlord The relations be-
tween the sub and the regular are
clearly defined by the rules of the chapel
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

maEe the printers comfortable and
healthy and CoDtrnttd. The dimensions
OF the rCon! ara 51NS0 and the ceiling is
Is feet high. There is . profVsion of
windows and y large Silylight, and the
lighting Of the room is simply perfect.
in cas,S. long. Square, fiat boxes. divided
into compartments for the different let
tiers OF the alphabet, tle numerals,
signs. etc. These are set on IRON frames,
at which the comp0Sitcr either stands or
sits on high stool and works. y cut of
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

regular as well
as extra and
every facility is
at hand for eX-
peditiouS an Il
; ats IA c tory
work. The APP
pliances and fur
niShingS are en-
tirelY II e w
throughout, OF
the latest ap-
proved designs
andpatJerns.and
nothing is left
Un don q that
cuu!d be done -
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01
done and the prepared paper left to

soak
EVERYTHING IS IN READINESS
and the work of stcrt Otypng really
commences. The first form delivered
from the make-ups is taken hold of and
Sid off on to the molding table. Then
the mallet and planer are used to level
the surface of the type and the form is
brushed off nicely, little oil being used
to keep the matrix from sticking to the
type. One of the sheets of prepared
pastebOard already described is
then spread over the type
surface, the tissue side down,
and the stereotypcr and one of his as
sistantS beat the paper mache evenly
into the type with heavy brushes. They
strike rather lightly at first until the
paper Is made to adhere to the type, and
then they gradually use greater force rs
the paper imbeds itself in the letters.
The paper is beaten in until every part
of the space between the type is filed
up and tho shape Of the letters in the
form becomes plainly visible through
the mold. Then dry, thick WOODEN
cloth is laid on top OF the form ard the
matrix, and tho molding table is wheeled
over to tho drying press-an iron table
with hollow top, which is constantly
filled with steam by supply pipes and
heated to very high tem1er1tu e. Tire
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

the composing room accompanying this
article will give tn reader a good idea
of the home Of TIE typo and how he sets
the type. \ compoSit0r is paid Ivy the
amount OF work he d0GS-the GI.0BE
pays - cents per 1000 ems. An ''eN"
is about the Srace of q letter NJ. The
number of ems IL q lire varies with the
size of the type. There are 2028 ems in
a line OF the typc tmini0n} used for gen
eral-E matter, and Is lines make
LEGO ems. Advertisements are measured
as mnion. Printers prefer to set the
smaller type. y fast composition can
average from 1850 to !, S00-emS per hour
without PLAT or bonuses. lie must dis
tribute his type without extra pay. which
he does in the afternoon, ''thrOWing in"
as much a. he thinks he Will set during
the night. From : 30 o clock in the even
ing until , o'clock the next morning the
composing room Is very busy place in
deed. II is also reasonably Quict. for
when printer is ut work he talks but
little, and pegs away steadily. There
are forty lnVn in the GLOBE composing
rC0m known as rcgulars-that is, print
ais who mold cases" There are also
eXtraS-wh0 are called on when papers
are issued in excess % the usual mum
Der Of pageS-aNd this would make the
Regular idfcG 81 G'!HHH printers number
fifty. Besides THESE there are always a
goGdly quota Of substitutes, or subs"
as they are called in printers parjance
They are not regularly elapl0yetl, and
can only work when regulars ''lay Off
and put them on There are gener-
ally some twenty OF twenty-five sub
siitutes ahou; tic GLnBH oiiicc-morp
III summer than in winter. The sub. :"
as q rule, is a sort CT nomadic inGi-
Vidual and rCanis about from place
to place. They are allowed to work
in any union Office in the city. and
ii often happens that seven days work
represents y days work in as many diff
ferent Offices. Printers cannot work
like meH III ether tradcs-the work he
ing exceedingly tiresGmc and Cncrvat-
ing-amd hut few Of them ever attempt
60 put in" a full Week-3eVen days. Ii
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

nected with the conn osing room-for the
printers give it about all the support it
gets--is the lunch room. This is set
nightly between 10 and 12, and also dur
ing the day. The lunch is substantial
enough for square meal, and good
many of the men board here regularly.
Numbers of them bring their lunches in
baskets or pals, but the larger proper
tioil of them simply eat a lunch at night
to ..brace them p''Tfor the final stretch
until 3 q. M. 1t often happens that q
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

eral supervision of the department; en-
plOys and discharges men and makes
out bill !, for work. John c. Kemp is the
assistant foreman. o. G. Osgood is the
copy cutter. The proof readers are
three in number-Messrs. Roberts, Itch
ener and Smith, the first named being
the foreman. Copy holders are taken
from the cases and allowed thine" as
their services are required. The proof
readers are expected to read every word
that is set up for the paper and mark
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

coterie of comps. make up a pool-chip
ping in 2 or 3 cents each-and send the
Office boy out for beer to wash d own the
substantial solids. The young fellow
i'll his shirt sleeves, fitting along at mid
night, with his pals on a long pole and
his arms full of sandwiches crushing
the growler''-makes a novel picture of
m 'tropolitan newspaper life. Foreman
w lam Cook is the autocrat of tie COM
pc ing room. lie has charge ard gen
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

and lack of necessary precision, and
were it not for the "chapel" system
there would be more or less Earring OF
the elements. Despite the fact that the
GLOBE printers are above the average
III character and gentlemanly deport-
ment, they have their little differences
there must of necessity be some court to
render decisions on points that are
raised. Another striking feature con-
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

up tight and the
brasS-c o V C I C ii
tables on which
they rest are
wheeled into the
stere o t y p | II e
r0om,o on the same
Il DOR. Il h C 6 g
forms are "made
up" at different
hours, the first
:being sent to the
s t erect p e +
about l O'Clock,
and the other
seven at frenuent
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

TIE FOREMAN AND IFS ASSISTANT.
the paper, 20 that the regular reader
II ay become familiar with its location
and know just where to turn to find it..
The sizes of the heads also have consiG-
cradle bearing upon decision as to the
disposition of the matter in the differ
ent columns. TO insure an Intelligent
make u the foreman or assistant must
be nan o. skill, Judgment and taste.
The GLOBE composing room is oper-
atetl by men who are members Of the
Typographical union. They are gener-
ally first-class workmcn, and some Of
them are noted for their swiftness and
correctness. TO one who is not familiar
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01
bEAF1NbtES IA hGS De ~ shh COWS
Explanation 6 the Methods and Pro-
cessss by Which Daily Journal
is Manufactured.
Some of the Secrets" Of the Trade and
Profession Exposed" For the
Public Benefit.
8 Tour Through the Globes Mammoth
Establishment In the Various
Departments.
After the Reader Gets Through With
This Description lie Can Print
Paper Himself.
THE COMPOSING ROOM.

a Chapter in the Life Of the 3Iyste-
rious Typesctter.
There is no composing room in the
United States superior to that of the
GLOBE, either in convenience, light or
equipment. There is ample space to ac-
cOmmodate the tNnogranhinal force-
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01
STEREOTYPING.

How the Plates arc Made From!
which the Sheets are Printed.
After the printers have set the types
which are lifted into the proper col
umns by the foreman and his assistant
the forms las they are called are screwed
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

suppose that newspaper is made up
simply III the most convenient manner
that is to say, that the type is put in
as it happens to come to the stone"
Nothing of the kind is the case. There
are certain rules governing the make
up which are strictly oberved-to give
the paper neat typographical appear
ance and give prominence to matters of
more than ordinary interest. Certain
classes Of matter are generally given q
permanent position, iii certain part of
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

the errors for correction. They have
very pleasant quarters, as will be seer
from the accompanying illustration.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01
JcSEPH BUsHAw

Intervals up TO 10 O'clock. When there
are III additional number of pages tie
stereotypcrs report for duty earlier and
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1887-05-01

in each Office. and these les are rig;dly
enforced. For instance, if regular
wants To lay off he must have some one
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1887-02-12

for their own protection, would insist upon the
right of the men who DO not choose to connect
themselves with associations but prefer to act
as free lances. if you choose, to exercise their
undoubted right of individual choice. There
will be no security until the intelligence of the
community is aroused and the decision is arrived
at on the part of employers that they will not
permit any portion Of their men to be coerced or
restrained in their right to join or to refuse to
join trades associations In this country the
only everything powe is the law, which
presses the will OF the people, and any attempt
TO establish any other tribunal than the courts,
and especially irresponsible and secret tribunals,
can only bring a paralysis Of industry and
the ruin of the very class whose interests are at
stake
Il am glad to hear that letter of Mayor Hew
lit, said Mr.. Chauncy NJ Depew, who had ar
rived ;ate Il think it is the most important
contribution that has been made on the extraor-
binary condition in which we find ourselves to-
day. new scheme of government, in which
nobody is represented or has interests at stake.
has been suddenly projected upon this communi-
ty. The scheme is that somebody whom nobody
knows shall. when anybody anywhere in the
country has or claims to have a grievance. pro-
claim the paralysis of society; that because there
is disagreement among the workers in single
ton shall stop, manufactures close, and
whole communities be left without the
means of fire, clothing, food or any
communication with business, schools fami-
lies. AND In the congress which DEGREES things
that could not be done by the Gear of Russia,
nobody who is affected has a representation or
has voice. That is an imperium in imperio
which never existed in civilized or savage
community. There is no trouble among the real
workingmen of this country that could not De
adjusted. There is condition that requires
social revolution-that requires the grievances
OF 100 men to suspend the living of GO. 600, 900.
Ii it were we are prepared to go back to that
condition of savagery where anarchy prevails;
where the cutthroat becomes the ruling element
IN the community: where people, abandoning
homes which are no longer safe. take to the
woods and streams and die of starvation until
some strong man, without heart but with
large brain, arises and, concentrating around
him the violent forces of the community, be-
comes an autocrat, despot and a terror
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1887-02-12
The End Officially Announced.

NEW YORK, Feb 12-The World says the
executive board of District Assembly 40. last
night declared the great strike at an end. It's
reasons for doing so are contained in the follow
ing statement, issued by the executive board
IA committee Of dissatisfied n,en-empioyed
on the Reading road called on Austin Corbin at
his Philadelphia Office, this morning, and in
at noon if terms were not made satisfactory to
49, The men said it was impossible to hold to
the s0ca.led agreement if it was not made
more definite. MIR. Corbin consulted with Mr..
Mclean. the receiver of the coal company, and
it was decided to open the Eiizabethport docks
within week. He gave as a reason for not
opening them Immediately that it would take at
least three four DAYS to get coal from the
mines He also promised to pay the highest
wages If differences arise they are to be
submitted to arbitration. arbitrator to be
chosen by the company. one by the men, and
one to be called in If the two fail to agree.
After the conference between Mr.. Corbin and
the committee of the men, secret meeting of
the Knights of Labor was held, and it was
decided to accept the terms in the nferes.
| of the commerce and industries of the State of
New York, and recommend to all these who
| came out to support the employees of Mr.. Corbin
| to return to work by Monday. Should there be
| any discrimination against people by any
corporation or individual the fight will be coz
| tinued in our way"
| It was also resolved that all coal Handlers ex
| cept those of Hoboken, Port Johnson, Wee
hawken and Perth Amboy, shall return te
! work.