Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1887-08-03
SCIENTIFIC.

/ -
last annual meeting OF the Geological
| SCc,etv shaved that minerals were
| subject To physiological changes ana
oCons TO those which take place III
pIants and animals. though differing III
The form OF their manifestations anu III
! the time they occupy. They have
! life history, lie says, (which IS IN part
determined by their ori gina al consNlIu
tion and in part by the long series Ol
s'oUly yarylng conditions TO which they
have since been subjected. In spite OF
the circumstance that their cycles OF
change have extended over peTlouS
measured by millions of years, the
nature OF their metamorphoseS ana the
nrocesses by which these have been
brought about are, in all essential re-
spects. analogous To those which take
place in q seQuoia or a butterfly" 10y
this he does not mean that minerals ac-
tually live in the sense in which nv
ing" is popularity understood, but that,
like animals and plants, they go through
definite cycles of change, dependenI on
their environment. Hence the dlstlnc-
ton between ''organic" or living
matter and "inorganic" or "hirlesS
uSounGr = not tuEda-aailt.
According TO DR.. Charles II. Burnett
the use of properly constructed ear
trumpets improve the hearing perma-
nently as we'll as aids 1t for the time
The cause OF deafness being usually
anchylosis, produced by catarrhal
thickening Of mucous membrane OF
the auditory parts, passive motion over
comes the immObility that has been
induced in them. The form of passive
motion which acts most naturally here
is that of sound. This form of passive
motion which acts most naturally here
is that of sound. This form of passive
motion, augmented as 1t is by means OF
the ear-trumpet, acting frequently and
Systematically upon the ear, prevents
further auchyiosis, and the fatty degen-
Grafton Of the auditory nerve that comes
from desuetude. This, ofcourse, tends
to a permanent improvement OF the
hearing, and in some cases patients
come 10 hear without the trumpet
SLuIs IS now being used TO a consid-
| erahle extent in the manufacture OF
| illuminating gas IN Scotland Ihe
rich camel Goals OF that country keep
/ rising in price, owing 10 foreign export
| and the gasmakers are taking 10 sup
/ plying oil shales to the retoTtS. The
/ Dundee Gas Works buy from l., 600 to
/ i, 900 tons of shale yearly, proper
/ tiOn equal to about one-fouTth of the
/ gas-cOal consumed There are large
| areas of shale and what is called ''bas-
| tard" camel n Scotland, and these are
/ expected to supply the place Of the
richer cannaIs becoming used up At
! Coatbridge nearly as much Shale as coal
I is now used IL the gas mandatory.
| C1MudrGliCely few persons are aware
I the diameter OF a circle or a pipe with
All area equal 10 that Of any two other
ones may be found by means of moth
ing but the square corner OF board
and a rule, without the aid OF any cal
culatiOn. Tie process consists simply
in laying of the two dlameterS on two
edges OF the board and measuring dla-
gOnally from one TO the other. If a
carpenters square is handy the process
is reduced 10 the simple diagonal
measurement In case there are three
or more pipes TO be led into one, any
two of them may be converted into an
equivalent one, and this one may 10
added TO the other.
Tie Lewis ire extinctor, which has
been adopted by the Marquis of Sails
bury at Hatfield, and is also to be used
by the birmingham Fire Brigade, IS
about the size of a policeman'5 trunch-
con. At the upper end Is wire loop
10y which II Is hung from nail or
staple. y sudden pull (of about ten
pouudsl detaches the extinctor from
the cap, opens the tube and scatters
the contents on the blazing fire. Il
contains liquid which has the prop
erty of stIhing FIRE. Recent expert
ments with the device at the Crystal
Palace on burning timbers soaked witt
petroleum were entirely successful.
I, is said that tarnished eolored gold
articles may be restored by the follow
ing method: Dissolve one ounce OF
blcarbOnate of soda, half an ounce OF
chloride of lime, and Eaif an ounce of
common salt in about four ounces OF
boiling water. Take a clean brush,
and wash the article with the hot solu-
ton for few seconds, and rinse imm -
diately in two clean waters Dry IL
warm sawdust, and finally rub oveI
with tissue paper.
Those who have spent years in color.
ing meershaumS by the conservative
old-fashiOned method will be chargined
If the statement of London scientific
| paper can be proved. x is asserted
| that milk or cream applied 10y niCS>SS of
common hair pencil TO the bowl while
| 1t IS being smoked and is still warm,
/ Will produce the same magically
beautiful effect AS years of fond and
meditatlve after-dinner fumigatlon.
! Prof. Hughes has shown that a
stranded iron wire cable has less self
Induction than one of the same mass of
metal formed into solid wire. The
explanation of this is that the circular
field Of magnetic force around the axis
which exists inside the wire as well as
! outside, is not as strong in the interior
| of the stranded iron cable as in the i'll
| terror OF the solid iron rod. The
stranding reduces the magnetic per
meabllity along lines which are circles
described around the axis. and hence
reduces the seif-conducuOn.
CdSSelE'S Mdgu=ue refers TO n new
kind OF glue for joining leather belts
which has recently been introduced.
Its tenacity may be gathered from tie
statement that a joint IN 4 four-inch
single belt, recently tested, broke in
the leather clear or the Joint with a
stress Of 2lIi pounds, which is at the
rate or $500 pounds on the square inch
OF section of the belt. The formula Is
not given.
SAT- brine is used in Sheffield, Eng,
FOR hardening steel, says an exchange.
The mixture improves with age and
use, and 10 such an extent that its
value IS largely increased In some
cases these tanks are fifty years old and
have value in proportion to their age
1t appears that the constant dipping OF
the hot metal into the same solution
alters in some way its character.
The current generated in magnetic
telephone Is estimated by DE La Rue
not 10 exceed that which would be pro.
duced by one Daniel cell, in circuit
OF copper wire four millimeters in diam.
eter, and OF a length to go 29O times
around the earth.
4 Tvr