The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1887-05-11

Union itself, a separation from partners,
and, as far as it depends on the member
withdrawing, dissolution of the part
nership. 1t presupposes an association
or union of several States or indi-
viduals for common object
Notification, on the contrary, presup-
poses the relation of principal and
agent; the one granting a power to be
executed, the other, appointed by him
with authority to execute 1t, and Is
simply a declaration on the part OF the
principal, made in due form, that an
act of the agent transcending his power
is null and void. = The differ
ence in their object is no less striking
than on their nature. The object of
| secession is to free the withdrawing
member from the obligation of the asso-
citation or union, etc. It's direct and
immediate object, as ii concerns the
withdrawing member, is the dissolution
of the association or union, as far as 1t
is concerned. On the contrary, the
object of notification is to contine the
agent within the limits OF his powers,
by arresting his acts transcendlng them,
not with the view of destroying the
delegated or trust power, but to pre-
serve it by compelling the agent to tul-
fill the object for which the agency or
trust was created, and is applicable
only to cases where the trust or dele
gated powers are transcendlng on the
part of the agent.
at remains now to show that their
effect is as dissimilar as their nature or
object.
Qualification leaves the members OF
the association or union in the condl-
ton it found them subject to all its
burdens, and entitled to all its advanta-
ges, comprehending the member nullify-
ing as well as the others-its object
being not to destroy, but to preserve, as
has been stated. Secession, on
the contrary, destroys, as far as the
Withdrawing member is concerned, the
association or union. ouch
are clearly the differences between them F;
differences so marked that, instead Of being
identical, as supposed, they form contrast
an all the aspects IN achich they can be re-
garded."
Whatever may be the objections to
this doctrine, it must be admitted that
il mad not in it one element of dlsunlon.
1t might have proved cumbrous and OBJ
structive in the operations of the Gov
eminent; it might have impaired It's
promptness and vigor and energy OF
action, and probably would; but had 1t
been recognized and acted upon by the
Federal Government it would have ever
prevented a resort to secession on the
one hand. or resort to force on the
other. But the right was not recog-
nized; it was denied and inhexibly oP-
posed by the general Government, which
assumed to impose its own construction
of the Constitution, against that OF the
States, by force.
WEBSTER AND CALHOUN IN DEBATE.
Just at this time Mr.. Calhoun re-
signed the office of Vice-President and
took his seat in the Senate in place OF
Gen. Robert Y. HaYne, who had been
chosen Governor of the State. A few
days after he took his seat, President
Jackson sent a message to Congress,
transmitting the ordinance of nullitca-
ton with his own proclamation, and
recommending the passage OF measures
which would enable him to compel, by
the use of military force, the obedience
and submission of the States.
| 1t was upon the occasion of this mes
sage and the Force Bill, which became a
| law during that session, that the great
debate took place between Mr.. Webster
and Mr.. Calhoun, memorable for the
ability and eloquence displayed, the
eminent character of the two great
champions of the hostile theories, and
the magnitude of the questions involved
Up to the time that Mr.. Calhoun took
| his stand for what he deemed was the
cause of the Constitution and the Union
as we'll as the liberty and the interest OF
the people of his own State, national
honors and distinctions and popular ap-
plause seemed to have sought him out
and crowded his path through public
| life. He had up to that moment been
regarded as the most renowned and
shining character among living Ameri'
can statesmen, and, next to JAG kson, the
most popular. He was but one steE
from the Presidency and was regarded
as the heir-apparent Of President Jack
son, who, it was understood, would
serve but one term. To my mind there
is nothing connected with Mr.. Calhoun
life so fraught with touching pathos, sc
characteristic of the grand soul of the
man as the isolation of his position
when he took his place in the United
States Senate. He saw all the popular
ity which marked the early part of his
career receding from him. He saw s
majority of all his old political associates
and friends in the Senate now in hostile
array against him, and his old politiea
enemies in perfect unanimity allieC
with them. Not one sister State from
any part of the Union stood by South
/ ~
houses of Congress, with the President
of the United States, and that President
Andrew Jackson, combined together II
the adoption of measures to force hi
State into submission to the law which
she had nullifed. Never a contest, Il
all seeming, was so unequal, so hopeless
But he quailed not; strong in his owl
conviction of the justice of his cause
self poised in the counsels of his owl
mind, doing nothing rashly, and We
notify timidly or doubtfully; ready t.
immolate himself for the right which
his State had entrusted to his defense
this noble, brave man, on whose brow
God had set the seal of truth; who's
eve beamed bright with the devotion
that fired his soul-courage, manliness
sincerity, truth in every tone and look
} greatness in every lineament OF hi
countenance-stood alone and prevailed
Yes, prevailed For the controversy
when closed, was closed by the compro
J mize act which repealed the law tha
his State had nullified. The very Con
gress which passed the force bill Il
coerce South Carolina into submission
/ TO the tariff of 1928 and 1882, at tn
: same session repealed these two laws
and Andrew jackson, the man OF irol
! will and pitiless purpose, IN the face 0
, his proclamation, signed the act tina
} swept from the statute-book the enact
ment which South Carolina in her as
, serted sovereignty had declared uncon
: stitutional, null and void, and inopers
tive in her limits.
IMMORTAL HONOR TO THE NAME O
CLAY.
: Any account of these stormy time
would be incomplete which left out tn
majestic figure of Henry Clay, th
, matchless orator, the noble patrio'
} whose heart was the sanctuary of a
3 noble impulses and generous aspiration
> the Genius of Cancellation and harmony
: who introduced his celebrated comprt
mise bill which averted the Storm an
, substituted peace for intestine strif,
: Immortal honor to the name of Henri
!, Clay.
t And here is presented a spectacl
t which can not fail to excite the prid
T and admiration of all true American
J. Henry Clay, the author of the America
:; system. of which the protective polio
/, was the most cherished principle; job
S IC. Calhoun, the representative an
e champion of the reserved rights of ii
n States and their sovereignty; Andre
II Jackson, the stern, infexible enfercer
& the supreme power and paramount a
thor;tv of the nation each bursting ii