The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1887-01-04

ticut, for transporting the same guam
| tity of grain sixty-tWo miles, was z
| cents: in Pennsylvania, sixty miles, AZ
cents. and IN Ohio, sixty miles, 5 cents.
| or course the conditions NAV not have
been the same Farther west, we find
| Kansas paying AZ cents per bushel for
Transporting a bushel or wheat sixty
miles and Massachusetts, for the same
service, thirty six miles, % cents,
while California pays 3.3 per bushel for
| fifty miles. Excellent work has been
done in all that appertains to through
rates, but heretofore no attempt has
| statistics of local rates. A glance at
the above summary also brings out the
fact that the same gratifying reduc.
| lion has not taken place in local
rates during the years covered
| by this inquiry as in through
rates. In some cases, there has been
reduction, but in majority OF instances
rates have remained substantially the
same Continuing on the subject OF
| local freights, the committee says: In
Massachusetts, the rates have steadily
declined since 1874 on every road In
cluded in the table. In Wisconsin,
Missouri, Minnesota, Nebraska and
California the same general facts
are brought out and reference to all the
published tables in the appendix is
necessary in order to obtain correct
idea of the extent of this reduction, ana
| TIE roads on which the reduction mas
been most satisfactory. Reliable statistics
on local rates of freight are generally
needed, to aid in an intelligent I'M
Outstanding of this important branch OF
| the transportation question.
foreign countries, the committee shows
| the production and consumption OF
cereals in Europe, and brings out the
| fact that the increase in population has
been relatively much greater in proper
ton in the great gIain-produclng coun-
| tries than it has been in the graln-buy-
| ing countries. The United Kingdom
appears to have purchased about two
| thirds of all the wheat the United States
exported during this period, and, there
| fore, special attention has been given
to England's supply of wheat. For
| this purpose a table was prepared
giving a summary Of the wheat i'm
ported into the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland from the
various countries during the period of
seven years, from 1886 to 1912, inclusive,
and the decades from 1913 to 1882, in
elusive, showing total importatlons of
wheat and proportions furnished by the
United States, Russia, Germany, British
North America Egypt, France, Den
mark and all other countries. In COM
menting on this table, the committee
SAYS: "a glance at this summary not
only shows the rapid agricultural
growth of the United States. and
its importance as a food-exporting
country. hut it also presents some
of the economic changes that
have taken place, in Europe. In
the first period the United States
supplied less than l { p per cent. OF the
wheat imported into the United King
dom; in the last period, it supplied
nearly 81 per cent. From less than
; coo 600 bushels, it increased by a
, series of leaps and bounds to about
3O3 100000 bushels. Excepting the
rapid growth of imports of wheat from
Q India (Which does not appear in this
q table, India being classified under 'all
\ other countries. ~ there is no instance
o in economic history of a growth so
: rapid as the imports from Rus
o they have increased in amount,
they have not advanced greatly
relatively. In the first period, they
were nearly 10 per cent; in the second
: they had somewhat Increased; in the
third, they had receded again; in the
fourth, they advanced considerable and
j in the fifth period they had receded
f more rapidly than the increase between
j the third ard fourth periods. Imports
= from Germany have decreased from the
s second period actually as well as re-
2 latiVely, while relatively the percentage
! of decrease has been steady
g sinking from 60 per cent. to
e 80 per cent; next to "a and is
per cent, and lastly to 6 per cent. The
e rapid increase of population, the change
from an agricultural condition to that
t of diversified industries, all suggest
= themselves as reasons for this decrease.
: Il Germany the population is oyertax-
= ing the food-producing capacity OF the
t country" The committee reproduces
| tables from what is known as the
/ Window report" which is a summary
f statement of the amount otwheat lin
? Guiding wheat and four) imported into
t the United Kingdom from 1860 to 1872,
5 inclusive, and adds thereto table OF
d. its own, showing the same facts from
| 1873 to 1888, inclusive.
l Commenting on this table, the COM
mittee says: AN examination OF
l the table shows that Russia
) still retains the second position,
: and Germany third; but the rapid
| changes in eleven years of British
India from the thirteenth position 10
} the fourth is the most noticeable
: feature of the summary. In the next
decade, Germany will be practically
, out of the race, and it is more than
: probable tina, India will contest with
t the United States for the first position:
Elsewhere IN the report this phase OF
the question is discussed at length, and
{ many important facts relative to the
2 cost of producing wheat in India and
other competing countries, the rates OF
/ freight charged, the prices at important
f points, the rates of ocean trans
e portation, etc., are referred to. II
} Will also be observed that
e comparing the two portions
t that the supply from Russia, Germany
: and France has decreased actually anC
4 relatively. though of course 1t must. bt
/ borne in mind that the Window com
= mittee took period of thirteen years
= and this committee period OF clever
e years; but after due allowance for thi;
g difference there would still be STEADY
v decrease. One important feature of the