Fort Worth weekly gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1887-09-09

hemisphere originate IN the West Indies,
travel nCTlhwestWardt till they re 2cd about
81 let. n, then curve to the northeast
and continue in thst direclion-some-
times st some distance of the
coast and sometimes on the
slOre, finally tTend,ng oceanward and
disappearing III the vicinity of 50 degrees
lat. n. IGe diameter Of the storm varies
from seyersI hundred 20 over 4 1000
miles. and its velocity is from sixty to
eighty miles sE hour. At no point does
the sir wlirl in 9 circle, but there is q
tendency q the entire body Of the storm
to revolve around the point of lowest
barometer. As q rule the velocity of the
wind increases gradually till it eliminates
N G Aerce intensity OF movement that
VIII wreck the largest ships. In the &C
tusl center OF the storm there is 8 desd
calm. Cyclones occur most frequently
between August and November.
IN the eastern hemisphere they
form III the vicinity Of the Philippine
Islands, moving thence Dorthwestward
to the AsiatiC coast, snd then Curving to
the northeast over the dissent seas lt
Islands. They are there known IS ty-
phOOns The origin in both hemispheres
can be placed ct about ten to twelve de
grees north OF the equGtor, between the
belt OF Gains end the southern
limit of the trade win"
The tornado, on tue other he
is always q land storm. It's motion
ways from southwest 20 nOrtheg
its psJh varies from few yards u
rods in width. The moving a. Us
makes its appearance in the f u Of
funneI-shsped cloud, the small end draw
Ing near TO the earth, and re-
wolves about central, vertical
axis with uncomfortable rapidltY
and always in right 10 left direction, or
opposite to the movement Of the hands
of watch. With scarce an exception
the tornado occurs in the afternoon, Just
when the hottest part Of the day is over.
l. is caused by heat, that is by the con-
tact OF currents Of low temperature from
the north with those Of extremely high
( temperature from the south. The strug-
gle OF these atmospheric forces toward an
equilibrium OF temperature produces the
ma of swiftly whirlIDg air which we
know as the tornado cloud. The velocity
of the particles Of sir in this mass is so
great that it is difficult to estimate it,
but it IS believed TO be from he
10 SEQ miles an hour, and is
sometimes, no DOUBT, even greater than
this. Observers note four motions Of
the tornado cloud; /, the gyratory move
ment Of its air particles; ., the onward
motion Of the storm; %, the rising and
falling movement Of the cloud, and {, it's
oscillation or sWsying from side to side.
1t is also stated that the force of the tor
uadO is constant, that it does not seem
to spend ITSELF gs the phrase is, by the
destruction Of the strongest buildings,
but the cloud disappears by going from
the earth upWar . evidently being acted
upon by forces in the upper region OF the
atmosphere. Close observation, such as.
ms 5een made by many tornadoes IN
der the direction Of the signal service,
seems to show that electricity is not
NJ active cause Of the tornado, but
is often present as an accompaniment
/ being generated by the exceedingly rapid
motion OF the air. Hail always ACCOM-
panies the tornado, being formed Oy the
same cause, that is the rapid cOndenss-
| ton OF the moisture Of southern winds
| By contact with cold northern currents.
Lightning aDd thunder never attend on
/ the tornado cloud Itself, but sometimes
/ appear "A the region OF other outside
clouds, vale the tornado cloud IS ia mo
/ ton. To conclude. we quote from the
/ recently published work of Lieutenant
I Finley of the siguG. service on "TornA-
| does"-to which We sTe indebted for the
| fcats summarized a5ove-the following
description of the formation of a tornado
cloud TWO currents of air ap-
preaching esoh other from oppo-
Site points VA nc coEa directly
/ together, becs1se Of the influence of
the Telative rlotion u the earth. The
( mass Of cir coming from the south would
have s. create velocity eastward than that
coming from the north. Therefore in
stead Of meeting each osAer in direct
line, the two currents vii form sn angle
a. their intersection, ana the combination
OF the twC masses viii give rise 20 rota-
tIon il direction contrary to the hands
Of 8 watch with its face upward. These
conditions account Cor the spiral move
ment o. the air currents and the forma
ton q the rJrtex IN the tornado. ThC
Geld cir from the northwaTd Will under
run -ae Wsrmer sir from the southwark
because CT the difference in the density
of he two masses, and IS result vii
a5d in the formation of the whirl."
Z
Professor Thomson says that when th
means of utilizing the power OF ereatin
, quick heating by electricity shall be bet
l ter understood it will be used in ever
: workshop for Welding, forging and Qt5s
|