Arizona weekly citizen., 1887-03-26
SAN CARLOS RESERVATION.
Intsrestins Description Of the Indian
 Tribes
Qos Angeles Herad.J

Tribes.
 Qos Angeles Heraldl
 A gentleman who has recently re- turned from the San Carlos reservation and who has Rn intimate knowledge of the Indian and his language, has far nished th5 iIeTali with some vsry in- terestInR information regarding the same. The San Carlos reservation ID the southeastern part of Arizona, on the Salt river. is abOu. 70 miles wide by about 40 miles long. and contains wiilla i,s borders the 5e Ot tImbsr and farming lands, with beautiful streams teeming with spscklad and mountain trout, salmon and o her table fish. The White mountains, VII ch are wholly em- b-aced in the reservation, are noted for producing the largest wild turkeys on the American continent and are also the home Of the elk. black tailed deer, bear and small game. IL IS known lO contain mines of great rIchue 8, aud the climate Is without objection, varying according to elevation from the warmest to the ccld Of the mountain tops. This re erva;ion, month ago, contained by official count J,32J Indisus, belonging t. nine diff rent and distinct tribes, who speak RS EaEy different laBgus sges. They also differ III appearance, hab.ts, naEter bHd traditions. In 1aAas and Mo!aTes iatCT-marTy aud ID cJas, qIeDce are irle-d!y. Tins C yoitros sIi White Mountain tribe- do tLs same, wh'le their language differs but slShtly. Tue Ari- v1p4is HLd ile Warm Sp;i gs also in tes-mairs, while tha poor IOutO once powerful. t!Gacherous and uenli-h trirc. is left alone. The Ycu4s and M; !sves do not SD ak, trade or com mUu.cste with Ery of the other tribes and have contempt and hatred toward them which IS Cnly conquered by death. This tss ling IS fully recIprOca.ed by the other tribes and while trading at the different traders stoie5 they thick they arc contaminated f ty accident they touch each others clothing. Tie c. yoteTos and White Mountain tribes are friendly and related to the Cniricshuas. the mos, cunning sad fsroci)us Indians that ever inhabited ihe American cOnti- nent. For over two years orly thirty five fl this tribe, all told, kep: from jC0O tOl coco Mexican troops on the qui vive. and and II IS well klO xu how they terTorized the southern portion of Arizona, oi,eniimes traveliny gs high as 100 miles ia twenty -four hCurs, and mnrdering sometimes us many as three and four families and settlers on their Journey with three regiments of U. 5. Cavalry aud nearly two TeVimsnis Of U. 5. Infanty a. their heels, but General II les, Iided by his able officers, Capt. LawtOn. Lieu.sn nan, GatewOOd and Capt. Lebo and others, gave them no rest eith- CT night or day, and a; last. for want of ammunition, sent them tn that bourne fram whence none return. FloridR.
 The larger portion of the Indians are located within radius ot twenty five miles ufth agency of S.n Csrlcs. where the.e arc schools and churches Captain F. E. Pierce, present agent. has been more successful in controlling t.em than any oi hls pretec, s-OFs. He has thirty secret police, unknown to tach other, who report to him on certain days ali peTsCus violating the rules aud laws of the reservation. He has at sl, times a camp4ny of sixty trusty Indials Co cGr- " out and punish the off -nders. The late t.oable was csused by this means: Last fall one of the San Carlo trIb, sub chiefs died. His widow to show her grief and according to the ancient custom of her trlbe, notwithstanding the United States statutes and other laws. forthwith had h!s six horses, cows, calves and burTOs sill ei. hls new government wagon, harness and blows burnt. She vas repOr ed by one of the police and arrested md put ID the guard house. Her relatives Iuued- iat-iy, not being ssti fed wi:h kiiliHg the supposed Iufofmer, sent his brother to the happy hunting grounds. ChultapSn, R sub chief of tLe Tontcs. t1 which tribe iLe deceased belonged. objected t0 such summary pr ceecinRs. Out of this grew the late nplensantnets-th.s end noth ing more.
 All the IndIars have tO work, having their portions of land pgrtitioued eff to the different, families and tribes along the several rivers. Last year they rais- ed over 100000 pounds of wheat and barley. The most of the barley vas sold to ;he government. Tbe wheat IS being ground free Ot chsrge by 8 new ulll il5t erected nt the ggey e by he ludlAn De paFtmeut. This yebr they will treble the amount, since oyer twenty one miles Of new ditches have been built. all Indigu labor, Over GJO0 acres cf uCv land will le put under cultivation, the government furnishing tie fools and seeds.
 No one need be afraid Cf any more cut b.esks, ss the turbulcLt element on tE, rcscryatirn. ihe CEiricahua-, has lepart- cd. and the rect are under the Ierfec, control If Agent Pierce.
 Morally speaking, the breaking of the seventh commandment Is dcne Gw'y with in theory and only exists ID reality. Pc lygsmy exists in all the tribes, regardless O. the efforts oi the agent to break it mp. Squsws are expected to do all the work in building vickiups, cu;iiug wood and cultivating the corn. Their coUr,shi9 K short, 4 brave seeing the maiden of hIs choice, It is only a matter of ihe price tO be pad to her parents, prices ranging from bull pup L. several hOrses, cows and saddles, bccoTdio2 to the standing of the mHiden's relatives m the tribe, her beauty and her eIpertness ID putting up uickiups.