davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
THE COST OF FARMING.

AS we have before and often stated,
the Argus is peculiarly interested in the
welfare of the farmers, because, upon
the prosperity of the farmers depends
the prosperity Of the country j. hence
we are. constantly casting about for
pointers in their behalf.
1t goes without controversy that the
farmers as a class do not sufficiently
consult the cost of cultivating the re-
spective crops to which our lands and
climate are: adapted. and govern them
selves accordingly; and this is a ques-
ton that form a purely economical
standpoint is worthy Of the brightest
consideration. The wise farmer should
know the cost of every article he pro-
duces. 1t is as unwise:to farm bllndly
as it is to conduct any other business
blindly. The merchant who would sell
goods without knowing their cost
would probably soon find himself a
bankrupt; and the farmer who desires
success should farm on strict business
principles. Great advances in this di-
rection have been made of late; but it
is evident either that the cost of pro-
ducing variety materially in different
sections, or that farmers themselves
are unable to tell with any approach
to accuracy what the real cost is.
But all our farmers agree hat there
is too much cotton planted in the South
and too little attention given to the
raising of grain, for breadstuffs; pork,
hay, feed and other of the every day
necessaries on a farm. All these arti-
cles the majority Of u farmers now
have to buy, imported from the North
and West, at immense expense, all the
year round, and depend upon their
fuctuating cotton crops to pay them
out in the fall; and the consequence is
that they are in debt all the year round,
year in and year out; the "farm is
mortgaged;" the crops are mortgaged;
the stock, horses, COWS, hogs, ESQ.,, are
mortgaged; the household and kitchen
furniture is mortgaged-all for sup
plies" to "run" them while they are
raising their crops of cotton, the cult
walton of which is year by year sink
ing them deeper and deeper in debt,
out of which they will never, because
they can never, pay.-Goldsboro Argus.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

and they may know too, as we'll as
the Wall Street Exchange, the con
dition and yield of the crop. With
this information always at their com
mand, and having their cotton handled
and sold by and through their own
exchange, the "bulls" and bears
of Wall Street will not have them
and their crop completely at their
mercy. With the system of the ALI
ance in full force in each of the cotton
States, and with the cotton farmers
making their farm supplies at home,
we will be masters of the situation
and can control the crop: It willtake
time to perfect it, but it can and will
be done. Texas has 116 Alliance cot
ton yards, and a State Cotton Ex-
change, which will handle over 400, 600
bales this season for it's members. Let
us be patient, prudent and persevering
and a better day awaits us. We must
first organize and organize thoroughly
before this system can be of much
benefit TOTS.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
LET THE GOOD WORK CON-
TINUE!

The development Of the small
manufacturing" interests of the South
during the past five years has been
remarkable. Not a very great while
ago nearly all the small wares, uten-
sils, ETC., used by the Southern people
were manufactured North. Now
there are small factories producing
articles in almost every part Of the
South. Very many of these factories
have been built up to considerable
proportions, after having been started
from very small beginnings.
1t is not difficult for one to procure
Southern made hubs, spoke, axe and
hoe helves, c~urrycombs washboards,
etc., but still the bulk of these articles
come from the North, and the prices
paid for them are such as would
make it profitable to establish
many other small factories for
their protection in this section.
If one will step into house fur
nishing or a notion store his attention
will be at once called to a thousand
and one articles which are in daily de-
mand everywhere, and which are sold
at prices representing many times the
cost of production. Such articles are
made of wood, cast iron, tin, wire,
glass, copper, brass, leather, cloth,
thread and paper, and it would not be
a difficult matter for even unframed
amatures to master the manufacture
OF many Of them in a very short time.
Pluck, industry and tact are neces-
sary for the success of small industries.
These are more difficult to enlist in
the enterprise than the pecuniary
capital required. The finding of a
regular market for the products is one
Of the most important requisites. This
requires steady and persistent can
wasting in all the centres of trade in
the country. Some important advan-
tages small manufactures have are
that in seasons Of unusual depression
they can shut down, and little capital
will be idle and few workmen out of
employment, and they are not affected
to any great extent by labor agitations
and strikes. Every town and village
in the South almost is a suitable loca-
ton for such enterprises, and scores
of them ought to be in operation in
every Southern ~city.-Heodzight.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
ANSON COUNTY ALLIANCE.

President-Dr. J. A. McRae.
Vice PresidentlDr.: A: A. May
nard. '''.. -
Secretary-James A. McEauchlin
Treasurer-D. NJ. Johnson.
.Chaplain-D. G., Tillman.
Lecturer. G. Hines.
Asst. Lecturer-Z. T. Redfearn.
-., Door Keeper-R. P. Little. ~
Asst. Door Keeper-W. r. Diggs
s. Business Agent-Ed. d.. Gaddy.
Arson has twelve subordinate ALI
ances with an aggregate membership
of about $50. The orderis in health
full and vigorous condition and the
membership is enthusiastic in the
work. They feel at last that they
have found something that will be O.
great benefit to the agricultural classes
and they intend to do all in then
power to get good out Of it.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
RESOLUTIONS OF THE FARM.
ERS' ALLIANCE OF UNION
COUNTY, N. G..

WHEREAS, The Bay State Shoe and
Leather Company, of New York, de-
clines and refuses to sell their goods
directly to this Alliance therefore
Resolved, That this Alliance and
every member thereof will not pur,
chase from any dealer or vender of
the said company's goods or merchan-
disc in the future. And it is further
resolved that a copy of this resolution
be sem by our secretary to the Bay
State Shoe and Leather Company,
and also to The PROGRESSIVE FARMER
for publication. W. A. AUSTIN.
J. s. MARSH, Sec'y.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

officer and said will you please
allow me n word before [ go? I've
been a swappin' HOSES for about sixty
year, but durn me, eff this Amt the first
time I ever snapped in all my life and
didn't have a word to say in the
trade" "
"How many of you are playing
Roark every day in your business
transactions ? Get out of debt, organ
ize and take care of yourselves and
your interests"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
SENATOR VANCE AS AFARMER

1.-The farmer is the greatest and
most important man, IN the world.
Magnify your high Office, and by
studying your business in all it's
phases and relations, prepare to meet
the demands which the world will
make or you" VANCE.
"Congressmen are buttonholed and
worried out Of their lives, almost, by
every class of people, who throng the
Hobbies and corridors of the Capitol,
looking after their interests. But
during the fifteen years [ have been
there / have never seen a farmer there
lobbying for his interest. But the
others are all there and always there"
VANCE.
"You must organize and bring
your voice to bear upon the Legislation
of the country. United and thrown
into one volume it would be as the
mighty thunderings of Niagara to the
silent drippings from the ~waste-pipe
of a moonshiner's whiskey STILL You
should make yourselves felt more at
Raleigh and Washington" III f-.. &
VANCE. +.
Il have seen men make fortunes
since the war, but l have e no
North Carolina farmer get rich. l
have seen some. who thought they
We're making money when they were
selling their tobacco at high prices,
but they see now that they were not
only selling tobacco, but that they
were selling also the very cream OF
the fertility Of their soils"
=. ".:' :,VANCE
"Some farmers turn up their noses
at Book farming but science-agri'
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
THE ALLIANCE.

The members of the learned profes.
sions show a professional courtesy for
each other and a to great extent pool
their differences, the merchants have
their boards of trade, the Knights of
Labor their guilds and lodges and the
tillers Of the soil must have their clubs
and alliances.
The Farmers Alliance has no poll,
tical feature about it that we know of
but in some quarters it has put itself
on record against the High Tariff.
We hope that every Alliance in the
country will do this. If the farmers
will not take up arms against this
enemy who will? In the Farmers
Alliance does nothing more than re-
duce the Tariff and taxes of the gov
eminent, it was not born in vain.
But we trust that the Alliance is just
what the word meads and that it will
make the farmer a better friend to
himself and the most independent be-,
ing in reality as we'll as in name that
the sun shines upon. The farmer Is
undoubtly the coming man and the
balance of the world is showing him
more Difference and respect day by
day as he continues to hold or drive
his cast steel pillow hat was once a
wooden plow.-Cenhrol Express.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
For THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER

Concord, N. c., Nov. Is, 1887.
The Mt. Gilead Farmers Alliance,
Cabarrus county Concord p~ostofice)
was organized with 10 members Satur,
day, Nov. 10Th. The following Off
GERS we're elected
President-Allison Fink.
Vice President-Michae Scott.
Secretary-E. P. Deal.
Treasurer-W. A. Misenheimer.
Lecturer-Geo. NJ. Walter.
Asst. Lecturer-Luther Walter.
Chaplain-E. G. Luther.
Door Keeper-L. w. Blackwilder.
Asst. Door Keeper-W. F. Barn
hardt.
Sergt.-a ~t-Arms-Adolphus Neisler.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
A FLUTTER IN THE COTTON
MARKET.

There was a marked advance in the
price of cotton last week. The reports
of the Department of Agriculture in
Washington showed a considerable
shortage in the crop, and the specula-
tors and gamblers became excited and
the farmers, for once, reaped some
advantage.
These spectators and cotton lords
have their agents all through the
South, to keep them informed as to
all the details of the crop, from the
time for preparation of the land to the
end of the gathering, but by some
means these agents miscalculated and
it was only when the Commissioner of
Agriculture, Mr.. Coleman, got his
report ready, that they discovered
that the yield of the present crop
would fall short Of their estimate.
Hence the sudden advance in price.
Here is a practical question for the
farmer to solve: Why should not he
who produces this crop know more
about the acreage planted, the con-
dition of the crop while growing. and
the probable yield than any one else +?
Were he possessed Of these facts he
would know how to take advantage
Of the market. He would know
whether or not to hold" his crop. He
ought to know more about these mat
tiers than any one else, and here is
where the Alliance proposes to aid
him. ia: r: I..ry-r
When its business system is per-
fected and established throughout the
cotton States, it will embrace. a sys-
tem for obtaining the speediest and
most reliable information as to casual
ties to the crop, its.acondition, pros
poets, &C., from the time it is planted
to the ginning and = packing. Its
Business Agents, will be able to i'm
part this information to the farmers
wherever the Alliance: is organized,
promptly, and thus keep them so well
posted that they may: know as well,
and even better than the spectators,
what is the present or future outlook
of the crop. This is one of the many
practical benefits which ,Ias the Alliance
will give to its members, They: may
know every day as well as any cotton
broker or cotton- exchange, the~exaet
condition of the markets of the world,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
PLEASE NOTICE.

In writing to this Office to change the
address of a paper, our subscribers will do
us a favor by stating the office at which
the paper is received, as well as the one
to which it is desired to be sent. Failure
to do this puts US to a great deal of trouble
and the necessity of going through a long
list Of names, involving not only much
work, but much loss of time, when time
is valuable.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

cultural science. must and will be
recognized as the great power in agrl-
cultural and industrial progress
Agricultural colleges and schools
must be established and literally pat
ronized and create a new force IN the
AGRICULTURAL world" VANcE.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
SUBSCRIBERS, READ THIS.

Is there a Cross Mark on the margin of
your paper? We adopt this as the simp-
lest and easiest method of informing our
patrons that their terms Of subscription
have expired, and that the paper will be
stopped if we do not hear from you.
So if you see the Cross Mark, let us hear
from you.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

t The Progressive Farmer is the
Official Organ of the N. c. Farmers
Association and N. C. State Farmers
Alliance.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
RALEIGH, N. c., NON:''17,i 1887.

This aper entered as second cqssanattera at the Post
Office IN Rsleigh, ". CT
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
Widening First Street.

The action of the property owners
on First street, between the river and
Alameda street, has been commune
Gated to the Board of Public Works
and yesterday it was recommended
that the City Surveyor set the stakes
widening the street to eighty feet by
taking off ten feet on each side. This
will be done at once, or as soon as it is
possible to do the work, and when il
is seen what an improvement will be
made by the widening of this section
it is to be hoped that the property
owners between Alameda and Mair
streets will decide to follow the goot
example set.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
hoard Of supervisors.

The Board met pursuant to adjourn
ment and transacted the following
business:
Captain Knox was ordered to resur-
vey the Verdugo road over the portion
where the dispute exists.
The Recorder was SLOWED the fol-
lowing deputies for August:
Eight at 500, four at 500, two at $50,
seven at $75, two at $40, five at $50,
three at $50, and the Recorder named
the following:
At $10O, N. s. Averill, A. ! ray, d.
4. Barclay, John Towey, Jr., H. H.
Rubens, f. Fl. White, ]. X. Mckee
and w. z. Johnston.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
The Electric Poles.

The question of the Electric Rail-
way poles on Pico street has been
pending before and troubling the
Board Of Public Works for long
time and yesterday it was decided to
alter the usual style of the recon-
mendation, which has been to have
the poles removed entirely at once.
Yesterday it was decided to recon-
mend that the company remove its
poles to the sidewalk and to file a
bond for SIC, 900 on a guarantee to re-
move the poles entirely within a year.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
Read This TO.dav.

you wish chance to grow rich, listen.
You can have fine d acre tract on the
corner or Washington street and wolfskill
avenue, with splendid improvements, be.
ing one Of the finest places in this city. II
10 suitable to subdivide at high prices and
is an opportunity seldom ofYered-as the
buyer will make from $4,000 10 $40 OO6
profit. Chas. Victor Hall. room s, Al South
anrin0 treet
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
John Wieiand Brexx,ur Co.

OF San Francisco received during 1885 nrst
medals and premiums for best Bottled"
and "Draught Lager Beer" at State Fair.
Sacramento. Mechanics' Fair, San Franciscc.
San Joaquin Fair, Stockton, and Sixth Dis.
trict Fair. Los Angeles. This celebrated
lager IL for sale at nearly all the leading
ing, s22 North Alameda street, are the sole
Agents and Bottlers.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
Browns Bronchial rroche,. as a

remedy for Coughs and Throat Troubles:
"Great service in subduing Hoarseness. -
Rev. Daniel Wise, Neto York. "Greatly relieve
any uneasiness in the throat."-S S. Curry
Teacher Of Oratory in Boston University
indispensable to me, having used them
through all my ministerial life. ."-Rev c. s.
Vedder, Charleston, S. c.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07
On to Florence,

Five and ten-acre tracts at low prices and
improved; plenty of water; six miles from
town. Only one-fourth cash, one-fourth in
six months, and balance in year. Charles
Victor Hall, Al South Spring street.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07

REV. z. J. WHITNEY, of Clarkson, N. Y.
says Gilmore's Aromatic Wine for Female
weakness, stands without Q rival. c.. y,
Heinxemsn, agent, Los Angeles.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07

A positive cure for dyspepsia -Dsmiana
Bitters. Michel Levy d Co.. Wholesale iq-
nor delers, agents.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-08-07

Neptune Garden, santa Monica.
This beautifully renovated family resort
is now open to the public. The closest at
| teuti0n paid to family trade.
Dodge City times. [volume] (Dodge City, Kan.) 1876-1892, 1887-06-02

only do ashes contain potash but also
phosphoric acid and lime. If ashes be
used freely it only requires some kind
Of heterogeneous fertilizer to be added to
the soil to enable the farmer to grow
large crops.
In estimating the value Of manure OF
fertilizers always take into consideration
the cost of hauling the same to the
fields, as well as the facility with which
it can be applied. Very bulky material,
though valuable, may sometimes cost
more than it is worth if hauled long
distances or over heavy ground.
Remember that the greatest enemy
a plant can have is another plant of the
same kind growing by its side, as both
feed on the same material. Remove the
weaker plant and leave the stronger.
One good plant will yield more than
two plants under unfavorable conditions.
It is claimed that the sulphate of pot
ash is better than the muriate as fer
tilizer for potatoes, as the chlorine in
the muriate retards the formation Of
starch in the potato; and the mealiness
of the potato is in proportion to its
amount of starch this is an important
matter.
A new theory regarding milk fever
is that it is caused by removing too
much Of the warm milk FROM the udder
Immediately after calving, thus causing
chill. 1t is suggested never to allow
the calf to suck over one-fourth of the
milk until after the fourth day.
Potato bugs will eat tomatoe plants
unless young potato vines are plentiful
It is we'll to pick them off the tomatoe
plants once day, as paris green will be
of little advantage unless the work must
be done over large field.
The effect of fertilizers on the soil
does not depend entirely upon the
amount Of available plant food provided,
but to the chemical action upon sub.
stances already existing in the soil.
When the cocks have been picking
each other until the combs and wattles
bleed profusely, pour strong alum waite,
on their heads, which will cause the
bleeding to cease.
Dodge City times. [volume] (Dodge City, Kan.) 1876-1892, 1887-06-02
Editing With the Scissors.

The above remark is frequently made
in connection with newspapers. On the
contrary, under the proper clrcum-
stances it should be regarded as COM
pliment of high character. The same
paper may be miserably edited with the
pen and ably edited with the scissors.
A mistaken idea prevails that the work
of the latter is mere child's playa
sort of hit or miss Misunderstanding
hardly any brains and still less judy
ment; that the promiscious, voluminous
clippings are sent in batch to the
foreman, and with that the editors duty
ends and that of the foreman begins.
Instesd of this, the work requires much
care and attention with keen compre-
hension of the fact that each day s
paper has its own needs. The exchange
editor is painsticking, conscientious,
methodical man, always on the alert,
quick in apprehension, retentive in
memory, shrewd in discerment. He
reads closely, culls carefully, omits and
amends, discards and digests, never ig-
noring the fact that variety is great
essential. There are sentences to re-
cast, words to soften, redundence, to
prune, errors to correct, headings to be
made, credits to be given, reasons to be
considered, afinities to be perceived,
constituencies to be respected. He
knows whether the matter is fresh or
stale, whether it is appropriate and
whether he has used it before: he re-
members that he is cantering for many
tastes; he makes raids in every direc-
tion; he lays the whole newspaper field
under contribution; he persistently
"boils down which with him is not a
process of rewriting, but the happy
faculty of expunging without destroying
fhe sense of continuity. His genius is
exhibited in the departments, the items
of which are similar and cohesive-in
suggestive heads and sub-heads and in
the sparkle that is visible, in the sense
of qualification which the reader derives.
No daily paper can be exclusively orig
inal. it would die out ponderosity. Life
is too short, hence an embargo must
be laid upon the genius of its rivals.
A bright clipped article is infinitely
better than stupid contributed article.
The most successful paper is the paper
that is inteligently and consistently
edited in all its departments, whether by
pen or scissors. kalamazoo Herald.
Dodge City times. [volume] (Dodge City, Kan.) 1876-1892, 1887-06-02
THREE MEN WHO THOUGHT.

The young assistant Of chemistry in
the Boston Institute of Technology
happened some years ago to be in the
Northern Peninsula of Michigan.
While there he observed that the Port
age River and Lake Linden were of a
peculiar coppery color, and, when he
asked the cause, was told that it was
copper that escaped from the smelling
and stamping mills of the Calumet and
Hecla mines. The young teacher put
his thinking-cap on and then requested
the company to allow him to expert
ment with view to saving the copper.
The company was only to glad to offer
facilities. So the young man gave up
his summer vacation and set to work,
and was able to devise a method by
which four per cent of the copper mined
was saved, and almost pure copper, too.
The yousg professor no longer earns
a trifing salary, but has acquired a
comfortable income by this summer s
labors.
Some years ago mechanic near New
Haven was riding in a railway train
and was jolted and Jared as in the
early days of railway travel passengers
were apt to be. He didn't fret and
fume as other passengers did, but be-
gan to study and experiment with a
view to making spring that would re-
duce the jolting to minimum. He at
last succeeded and his spring was ad-
opted by every railroad in the country.
He is no longer poor young mechanic.
His name is Carlos French and he has
just been elected to congress from the
New Haven district
There died few days ago in Water
bury man who began life in the mar
rowest circumstance. he learned the