Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1887-09-05

the legislature, NJ succeeded in extrtcating It and
then, by introducing the most rg1d economy and
strlctest business regulations in all its depart
! ments, he saw II reach paying basis at about
| tne time OF the outbreak OF the war; During
| thoSe troublous times IL could not pay but when
| The war was over ii again began to be prosperous
A large stakeholder possessed of a large private
i fortune, the mere matter OF salary was not very
| important 10 him, and he never would accept an
Increase over the sum OF 81, 600, which had been
tht presidential salary OF the road from almost its
| earliest days. Whether he did this for the pur-
pose OF being bright and shining example to his
ehlpioyeS, and Keeping other salaries down. or be-
Sause ne thought 1t good pay for what he did, may
THE LABOR TROUBLES.
he old keep the salaries and pay of all his en-
| pioyeS down at reasonably low rate In July,
1917, a reduction OF 10 per cent was made by the
company on all salaries. no distinction being made
Az , 20 accept The cut except the remen
men refused to accept the reduction and stopped
wofk. As soon as this became known hundreds Of
| apphcdtioils were made to the company by men
GUT OF employ and the places OF the strikers were
Easily nied This did not at all suit the strikers,
| their demands by Selling parts OF the road and
stopping the freight trains. This was the begin
ming OF The great railroad strike OF 1877, which
rapidly spread 10 all the great roads OF the country
anu leo TO the destruction OF AN enormous amount
81 property and the loss OF many lives. Railroad
| travel and transportation were paralyzed from
| New York 10 san Francisco for nearly month
ana IL was only by the Intervention OF the military
po"tr vi dhe ede raj Government that the strik-
| :io "eIe uldiiy Drought to submission. Though
me attachments OF United States troops sent TO
she Various points OF danger small, they were
SNtIs where respected anu feared by the rioters.
Ihelr discipline ana steadiness made ii certain
thtt they would obey orders literally and
pIo,nlpty; whenever the regulars appeared the
iioltrS SUNK away; not a hand raised gainSt
'heh anu tnelr service was confined entirely to
| guard uuty.
| THE GARRETS AND THE B.. AND o.
Inc carrots connection with the road has lasted
| over thirty-one years. The grandfather OF the
| rInt yybO W. p
hiiH Was .,h lrishman, and emigrated to Baltimore
e"fS In tne century. He Vas Il man OF great
elefey ana ability, aud though poor soon became
power IN MS adopted city, aud established the
oanhing-h0uSe or Robert Garrett & SONS, which
! II sun III existence. The firm consisted OF the
| iathef duu MS TWO sons, John W. Garrett, who
vas u0ri In 1870, and Henry ). Garrett. John W.
EdfttI Established the standing OF the house
/ He Was graduated from Lafayette College when
nineteen Years OF aye, and entered at once into
MS fathers banking house. The business rnay
| heVoNed upon the sons and John W. Garrett be-
Edlle tue senior partner, dSSocating with him in
me business his SONS Robert and L. Harrison Car
rttt, the firm naIne OF the house, however, remain
Vas .iIt Anerlcau correspondent OF Peabody Co.,
| 'he great London bfnkeTs, and Mr.. Garrett was
! personal friend OF Mr.. Peabody, who subsequently
pttsc1leu 10 the city OF Baltimore the splendid
library and building which bears his name, now
standing beneath the shadow OF the Washington
Monument on Mount Vernon Place.
BUILDING Up THE ROAD.
With his increase OF wealth Mr. Garrett became
Interested in real estate and closely identified
With business interests, and in 1856 he turned hi
attention To the management OF the Baltimore and
ONO Railroad, Which WAS then in q struggling
cCtul Ion There were conflicts OF interests In the
lnansiSc Ilient, and Tie Tuid had powerful rival
IN the ClrS tpeane anu Onlo Canal and had never
paid dividend To its stock holders Mr. Carrot
gave pubic eXpleosIGn TO his views as to the wants
ui TIE corporation and how they should be SUP
fIltd ~ Il Stockholders meeting aI:;i was the
IaNv.s.nle Impression produced t;t scar later,
a. The suggestion OF tAe late Johns Hopkins. the
h;i iiJa;lre ana founder OF the great university
auu hospital which bear his Name Mr.. Garrett
Was elected 10 the presidency OF the road lie ut
once began u thorough system OF retrenchment
ana Changes OF infringement, which enabled the
company 70 pay Its first dividend in 1859. The
stuCh rose from 81 To about zoo and the stock was
rarely In the market.
Mr. Garrett, able direction OF the affairs OF the
Baltimore and OHIO Railroad and the growth or
TIE road 10 one OF the great trunk lines, with its
numerous Branches. AT the minimum expenditure
ani without Increasing To any considerable eX-
tent the capital STOCK OF The company are too we'll
KNOWN To require any detailed mention OF them.
Mr. Garrett .ad his SONS We're at all times large
AOldtro vi tine stOck.
PRESIDENT TwENrY-sIx TINES.
For twenty-slX consecutive term, Mr. Garrett
Was elected 10 the presidency, and In 1882 his son
Robert, VIII" had held the position OF third vice.
prcnid' nj, was made first vice-preSident and at
Tie dti'.h OF john W., In september, 1854, he was
made I>dent.
Mr.. ts>rrett was brought into close relations with
President Lincoln during the war; the Baltimore
aiid Onto being an important highway for the
transportation OF troops, and was at times taken
possession OF by the Government. The policy OF
economy pursued by MI Garrett caused occasional
difficulties with The WOrkmen OF the company and
eliminated in 1877 in the great railway riots.
WnlSh were started IN Baltimore where for several
weeks reign OF terror prevailed. The business Or
the Baltimore and Ohio was Interrupted, and the
buildings or the company were fired by the mad
dened mob Threats were made against Mr.. Gar
rett, and but for his concealment at the time his
HE would probably have been taken. This feeling
however, subsequently, subsidized and no further
troubles arose.
THE SONS MANACcUrNT
Since his fathers death Robert has managed the
great property. Possessed OF great wealth and
taste for society," he had little ambition In the d.
rection OF railroad management, and was unsuc-
ceSsIul In the position which his father filled so
ouperDly. The history OF his management has
already been outlined. Robt Garrett has splen-
did residence in Mount Vernon Place. Baltimore
It, exterior is plaln but ii IS filled with art treas
ures. and the place is worth fully quarter OF a
million dollars. His entertainments have been
pflncely. MI. Garrett has been in the habit OF
making yearly trips to Europe, and Is at present
al HOmburg, d German watering place. where the
Prince OF Wales ana Jas. q. Blaine are stopping
II Is understood that the deal announced last
week Was negotiated In London between MI. Gar
rett and j. +. Morgan Co. 1t is not certain when
NE Will return to TINS country.
The Ever.Chanying Washington Mon.
ument.
From the Kansas City Journal
/ have been living how for some months at
distance OF mile away in full view OF the WASH
ern face. II never seemed twice alike 1t has its
moods and changes OF color, Ike the tops OF the
Swiss Alps. This morning The base OF the GOO foot
structure was lost IN deep blue mist, which filled
The valley Tor depth or couple OF hundred feet
Then came section OF. perhaps, 100 feet more In
Which Tue shalt was purple and pink, the whole
crowned with white blazing column, hundreds
o. ieel hlsh flashing back the sunlight, set against
| a deep blue western sky! At another time you
Will see the cold, gray base or the monument MS
| ing above the deep green foliage which surrounds
| IL, with the dark blue highlands OF Arlington be-
yohd, ana overlapping al these the graceful shaft
perces the heavens, towering far above the nOri-
zOn line, until its top Il lost In a sea OF fieecy
clOuCS. III Il a realized vision OF Jacobs ladder a
real Visible stone causeway leading from heaven
| 10 eartn DO you know or any Ouner monument
| Ike that? few evenings ago there was q grand
| thunder shower in the east. The west was black
Win uirkLeSS, and even the white monument WAS
dotted out of sight. But at every fash or the
lightning the whole eastern face OF the monument
sIediIed ana flashed like polished sword, coming
| out OF the darkness with SuddenneSs and vivid
ness that was startling Ii seemed TO be a CHASTITY
monument, a column Of electricity, which leaped
| from the earth To the sky. l am sure no other
monument In this world can exhibit such phase
| as that.
| Why 50 Many Soldiers Desert.
From the Chicago Tribune.
An ex-Soldler was telling his experiences q few
days ago. "Do you want to know" he asked
why 1t Is that so many soldiers desert from the
army? Nearly One-third OF the army deserts every
year, and there are 1900 cOurts-martlal every
twelve months, and this, remember In an army