Los Angeles daily herald., 1887-03-28
DAILY HERALD.
PI1nIinw the Vine.


som, the vineyardist may bestir himself
for the season of planting the vine is al
hand. Various methods OF doing tins
.rs in use. In France deep furrow Is
opened with the plow, into WHICH cut.
tiugs are dropped so that the tops Will
rsst on the earth turned out. Upon this
another furrow is turned so that the foot
.of the cutting will be deeply covered
That country has excess OF moisture.
md : cutting will grow under almost
anv conditions, but with us more care
msst he taken. The work must be so
done that the foot of the cutting VIII De
6rmlv imbedded in moist earth. II the
ulsntinv is too deep the lower END VIII
Secav and the roots will start, II az all,
from the second joint. Fourteen incnes
;n verv warm land aud ten or twelve IN
oIsvev loan are safe depths. The plant,
inc bar in use is made OF piece OF sseel
one and quarter inche. wide, tnree'
quarter or seven. .eighths thick, twenty
oae inches long. sharpened to an edge IN
fhe width on one end, with two holes
six inches apart on the other to
receiye auarter-inch bolts. This Is
fastened by the bolts to handle
Of Oregon pine two and ..
half inches wide. and one and nall
thick. dressed square and receiving eign'
or nine inches OF the steel bar on each
side; and leaving twelve or thirteen OF
the bsr projecting below the wood. Inc
handle above the top of the steel Is apou,
four feet long and dressed round. A hall
inch hole is bored through the width o.
the wood Just above the lower bolt. ape
: round bit of iron, ten inches long, i
firmly fxei upon which to place the foot
With this implement excellent and very
feat work may be done. A coal oil cal
with wire bail is useful to carry sup
ply of cuttings. With the bar the plante
makes hole in the cross, places therein
. cutting and passes down the bar abou
one inch from the cutting, and presse
the earth thereto until it is perfect!
firm. the second hole being carefuli!
filled. This is the usual way OF dolnl
the work. A better and surer one Is tn
following: Let one man make the noies
Q boy coming after place a cutting IL
each, man or boy with barrel OF wa
ter on sled driye between the rows ane
pour about one quart Of water into eacf
hole. 30 as to carry in as much earth a.
possible, The ground may be leveiled
and the holes filed at leisure to preven'
bSking. Mr.. Rose has recommended I'll
ling with fine, dry sand instead OF water
and his method would answer quite a.
we'll. Good planting is also done will
. long, narrow spade, opening the eartf
With the blade to a depth of twelve OF
fourteen inches, pressing to the iron
side 80 as to leave an opening behind,
dropping in the cutting and allowing tn
earth to close in on the same ON the
the withdrawal of the blade.
The planting done, the tops should b.
cut off one or two buds above tae sur
face. The ground must be nicely cult
waited, all weeds suppressed and tn
earth stirred with the hoe about tn
young plants. Suckers coming from un
derground buds should be removed
Stalking is not necessary the first year,
at all.
GRATING THE VINE.
It is sometimes desirable to chang
the variety of the grape, and this ma.
be done with very little loss OF time, an
with great gain in profit. Vines are oil
ten barren, or the fruit ripens unseason
ably, or a variety is not desirable fo
the purpose intended, in any of whic
cases it is easy to have what Is wante
by grating. Perhaps you have som
precious aud costly variety and wish t
multiply cuttings rapidly; you can d
this BY cutting off few old stocks an
inserting scions of the kind desired
This is done with so much ease and Gel
tainty, and the results are so beneticent
that the wonder is that our people, wh
are so progressive in everything else
have not more generally grated tn
vine. Besides the time is not distan
when the phylloxera will make its al
pearance amongst US and we shall need
re-stock our vineyards with resistan
vines 1t is great mistake to suppos
that Mission vines are resistant to th
pest. The roots of both Mission an
Muscat are SO soft and porous that the
will be the first attacked. The roc
wood of Malvoise is very hard and wi
be apt to resist the attacks of the inset
much longer than any vine we hav'
The only safety, however, is in providin
ourselves with an ample stock of resis
ant cuttings by graft upon some ol
vines. California;, the wild vine of OF
mountain valleys, will probably suit I
best. With these we Can quincunx OF
vineyards, graft them with the best var
cites when the stocks are one or tw
years old, and in the spring OF the SCI
0nd or third dig up and make tirewoo
of the old vines. Then we can laugh a
phylloxera and have young vineyards c
improved varieties. "In time of peac
prepare for war;"
Grafting is done by removing the cart
around the old stocks down to the mai
lateral roots, cutting or saving of tn
same about two inches above thes
roots, splitting the stump left in tn
ground and inserting in this cleft scio
Of the desired kind; the split should b
on one side of large stocks, if but on
scion is to be used lone is better tina
two) and held open with small wedge
Into this opening the scion is inserte
about two inches of its length and {
that its inner bark or cambium layer wi
correspond exactly with that of th
stock. Herein is the chief seer,
of success. A cutting is used lor
enough to leave one bud above groun
and beveled or cut thinnest on the inn'
side, SO that when it is inserted in Il
split and the wedge is removed IL
cages of the stock will close upon it an
hold it firmly in place. If this is we
done no tying is needed. The sawed
cut surface and all cracks should be CO.
cred with a mastic made OF clay al
fresh COW manure, tempered with watt
The earth is then filled in, great care b.
ing used not to disturb the graft.
three.foot stake should be set in at eac
vine for tying up the rampant CROWN
young shoot. The writer bas had Mi
taro gratis on one-year-old Muscat stock
make growth of ten feet in length.
diameter of one inch and bear te
pounds of grapes the year OF grating
The second year they bore full crop
more to the vine and acre than six-year
old Missions or Malvoise.