, 1887-02-05

mere matters of financial detail. | think
the repayment may be secured; and though
there may be occasional losses from de.
f%aulting emigrants, the experiment need
not cost much, and is at least worth the
trial.
But for the sake of ali parties it is essen
tlal that a most careful machinery should
be created for the selection of eligible emf
grants and their families. This is cardinal,
and it is impossible to lay too much stress
up0n it. We have no right to send out to
our colonies brOken-dOwn pauperS and use
less Workmen, and unless colonial consent
and cooperation be obtained only trouble
and sorrow can come of the attempt. |
was once-in company with the late Lord
ShafteSbury-induced to give support to
the sending out of a certain number OF
families. who, as we afterwards ascertain
ell, were unfit subjects for emigration;
and though the experiment turned
out better than it deserved, and The emf
grants were absorbed into the labOur mar
keG without evil consequences, | have
never forgotten the lesson which / then
learnt. | will only add on this head that
] can see no real difficulty in d~eyiSing a
sufficiently accurate method by which the
good can be Slfted from the bad. Rough.
~ speaking, | believe that English labour
can be divided into three clasSeS:-
lG) The best workmen who can make as
much or more in England than they can in
The colonies, who do not care to go, and
whom we do not desire to lose.
d. Tn worst workmpn, who in any
community must sink to the bottom, and
whom it would he unjust and nnpplItic 10
force upon our colonies.
(C) a middle class between these two,
who under the more favourable conditions
of colonial life often find an immense
field OF prosperity open to them ON the
other Side OF the ocean. These are the
men who are diStancpd here for no fault Of
their own in the terrible race of industrial
competition, but who may cmigrate with
the greatest possible gam to themselves
and the country Of their adoption.
Second only in Importance to a careful
selection uf emigrantS is the duty Of not
%spnuing ont too large a number at a time.
Quality must be considered and quantity
must he limi' ed; for the lAbour market,
like many markets, is sensitive, and can
easily he disturbed by il Slight excess in
the supply over the demand.
Lastly, ! believe in the eXpediemcy, in
certain places, of emigrating not only in
dividualS or separate families but small
c0mmunitieS-villageS. with traditions, II
history, and an already organized life Of
their own 1t is partial return to the
earliest theories Of colonization, and in
many Of its modern characteristics il is
very applicable to a system of state emf
grafton. If space allowed it would be easy
to illustrate this.
These are SOM Of the considerations
which think ought to he kept III view in
dealing with this large question; but [
will end rs | began by impressing the
greatest caution as regards the colonial
side of the subject. A really wise system
Of State-directed emigration may be as
beneficial to our colonies as to ourselves;
but nothing should he assumed or c%onjec-
tured. Their full and hearty concurrence
is the key of the problem, and the sine
quG non of success.
Iremain, Sir, your obedient servant,
CARNARVON.
POrtman. Snuare. Dec. %.