davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

1t is quite possible to make elevator shafts
fire proof, says Building, which journal makes
the following suggestions: The interior of
these shafts should be lined with corrugated
iron, or, what is better, with bright tin So
curely fastened to the woodwork The best
fire proof doors that are made are constructed
of wood, upon which sheets of tin are placed
in such manner that the flames cannot pene-
trate at any point. 1t has been repeatedly
demonstrated that doors OF this kind will
resist heat much longer than the ordinary
iron doors or doors of any other material. II
elevator shafts were constructed in this way,
with the openings at the different landings SO
made as to close tightly, thereby Theoretically
sealing tho shaft, this would then become u
great fue to carry away the smoke and
flames generated in the building. IF at the
top of the shaft glass skylght was placed, q
free exit for the flames would be afforded, for
the heat would very soon break the glass and
make the opening complete.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
GIGANTIC REFLEcron OF VIENNA.

Until lately the gigantic telescope in the
Vienna observatory was the largest in the
world, for it surpassed in size even the Wash.
| ington refractor in comparison with which
all other telescopes had seemed like dwarfs,
| but it did not enjoy this reputation long, for
| the construction OF the Vienna telescope
seemed TO call forth universal competition
for the possession of the largest instrument,
and several obServatories ordered telescopes
| of dimensions equal to or larger than the one
| in Vienna, The diameter of the lens in the
Vienna instrument is - inches, of that in the
| telescope at Pulkowa near st Petersburg
80 inches, and of the lens in the refractor in
the Lick observatory, California, SO inches.
lllustrtc Tetung from which the accom-
panying cut was reproduced, furnishes the
following figures of the proportions of the
Vienna telescope:
The length of the tube is about So feet and,
with its movable axis and CONFERENCE.-The, it
weighs about 10000 lbs The entire instru-
ment, with its cast iron base, weighs more
than sc, 600 lbs.
This telescope was constructed by Howard
Grubb of Dublin, and cost in round numbers
S33, 600 The entire instrument, including
the protecting dome, etc, and exclusive of
the foundation of masonry, cost about $S4,-
600
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

The demand is increasing thrnughOu,
the country for wind mills that Will not
only pump water, but furnish power for
running various kinds Of farm ma.
chinery.
If there is any better variety than the
Langshans for winter layers, says West
ern PlOughman, we know nothing about
them.
From the report on pork packing in the
United States, the pack for 1857, il
appears amounted to II 0S3 OH hogs
against the pack OF IL 2U3 5O7 hogs in
1856.
In California Angora goats are raised
to some extent, and seem to be profitable,
especially in mountain districts. Their
fleece brings fair prices, ana the young
animals furnish IA fair quality OF meat.
Rye has withstood the unfavorablc
meteorological conditions better than
wheat, and many farmers are cultivatIug
this crop largely as At food for stock.
In the wheat crops Of 1856 Dakota
stands sixth Ola the list.
Bermuda is the chief reliance in the
southern states for pasture. II is not
hardy ut the north
Professor Cook, lansing, Mich, kills
cabbage worms with mixture Of one
pound of huhoch and 100 gallons Of water
Buhoch is for sale at most drug stores
and many country stores keep 1t.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
report favorably on the plan of packing

report favorably on the plan of packing
eggs in salt. Use small kegs, being sure
that they are dry and sweet, put in a
layer OF dry, fine salt, place the eggs in
the salt the big end down, close together,
but not touching. Cover with salt and
add another layer. Continue with alter
nate layers of eggs and salt until the keg
is filed, being sure, of course to finish
with heavy layer Of salt, Head the kegs
and lay on their sides in some spot where
cool, even temperature can be main
tanned, Every few days turn the key.
The salt prevents evaporation and the
moving Of the keg keeps the yolks Of the
eggs from adhering to the sides of the
shell.
Stephen Beale advises where eggs are 10
be kept long time that only infertile
ones be packed down. His experiments
make it appear that infertile eggs keep
longer and in better condition than do fer
tile ones
Our advice is cold storage for large
concerns that handle eggs wholesale for
market. For home use we would put
down small packages of eggs in dry, fine
salt, as above described. When large
numbers are to be placed in one package,
then we would lime them. BY any mode
the necessity Of a cool, even temperature
is emphasized. The World
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

An estimate of the wool clip Of this
country, prepared by the Philadelphia
Textile association, places the total un-
washed wool at 20S 595, 1876 pounds, and
washed, s., Ago, 524; grand total 2Gl ,4G9,
$50 pounds, which reduced to secured
wool, taking ordinary shrinkaGe, makes
1l6, 1876, $50 pounds. Another table shows
the estimated decrease and increase be-
tween 1884 and 1887, and between 1886
and 1887. For the former period there
was total decrease of II ,9jl ,42i pounds,
and an increase of 8, 0322l7 pounds, max
ing net decrease of 32,919,20 pounds
The total estimated decrease between
1856 and 1887 is 22,5s2, 1876 pounds, and
an increase of 1, 100, 1888 pounds; net de
crease 20, S6l, 1915 pounds. The increase
occurs in Oregon, Colorado, Montana,
Wyoming, Utah, Washington Territory,
Nevada, Dakota and Idaho All the other
states and territories show decrease
For period between 1884 and 1887, Kan
sas, Minnesota and Nebraska show an in
crease, but these states are in the decrease
column for the period 1866. Texas
shows a decrease of -, l6G, G64 pounds for
three years, and 1924, 704 pounds the
past year. Ohio decreased 2,lS5 SO
pounds in the three years, and $50, Cos the
past year.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

Fire irons which have rested in one rosition
in room during the summer months are
often highly magnetic
Iron bars standing erect, such as the graf
ings of prison cell, or the iron ratings be
fore houses are often magnetic.
The uppermost Of the iron tire round car
riage wheel attracts the north eId OF mag
net, and has hence south polarity, while the
lower end attracting the south end Of the
same, has north polarity.
Magnetism may he made to pass through n
deal board; to exhibit which, lay a needle on
the smooth part above and run a magnet
along the under side, and the needle will be
found to follow the course Of the magnet A
magnet dipped into boiling water loses part
Of its magnetism, which, however, returns
upon its cooling.
A sudden blow given to q magnet often
destroys its magnetic power.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
Artificial Ventilation of Sewers.

A member Of the board of sewer commits
sioners of Detroit, after ten years Of careful
observation, advocates furnance and chin
ney of strong draught at the mouth of the
main sewer, to create constant suct ion of
the gases away from the houses and into a
consuming chamber in the furnace He be-
lieves that the deadly pest of sewer gas will
never be got rid of but by some system Of I'M
varying artificial ventilation of sewers. The
method he proposes, says one scientist, could
he more effectively operated by n compare
lively small gas flame with proper flue build
ing than with IA costly coal fire, provided the
gases can be otherwise neutralized or dis
posed Of
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
Duck and Drake.

"Duck and Drake" is very simple sport,
but very old one. The Greeks used to play
it with oyster shells, and called it "Epostra
Kismos." 1t consists in flinging piece of fiat
tile, or stone, along the surface of pond, in
such a way that it skins over the water,
touching it several times, and rebounding
again, until it finally sinks. He whose stone.
or tile, makes the greater number Of leaps,
before it disappears beneath the water, is the
winner. As the sport consists in throwing
away stones, so it is often said of man who
throws away his money, as if it had been
oyster shells or stones, that she is making
ducks and brakes of it," A duck" is stone
that has rebounded twice from the water; a
drake" one that has jumped up three times.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
A HOME MADE HARROW.

The rear ends of the beam are secured
,ya piece of timber, two by one and a
alf inches, halved on to the beams and
hen bolted. The harrow is made Of two
nd n half by two and half inch scant-
ing, using hard, durable wood. There is
othins particularly new about this har-
ow, except that it is larger than com
non, and the novel way OF htching to it
y which it is kept steady. The teeth can
c made to cut six inches or one inch
part. The manner of hitching is shown
l the engraving. The draw bar is made
t three-cighths by one and thrce-quartcr
on, three feet four inches in length.
he chain is attached to this by II hook ut
ne end, the other being fastened to the
arrow by staple. The chain is about
40 feet long. The entire cost is about sig.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

Prepare trees for planting by cutting
lie tops back in proportion to the
mount of injury done to the roots, which
generally from ome-h half to two-thirds of
he entire top. On this pruning all shoots
lould he entirely cut away that are not
eeded for the formation of a perfect head,
nd the others cut back one-half to two
iirds Of their length.
If the head is not formed high enough
pom the trunk it may often be carried
CHER by cutting Off all lateral shoots,
aving the most central one for leader,
pom which will he formed the new head
'veral inches higher than the first. All
jured roots should have the ends cut
nooth with sharp knife, and with
nall fruits, like the grape, currant and
rawherry, it is often desirable to cut
lck some of the larger ones
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

The accompanying diagram represents a
barrel which is placed between the caves
spout and the entrance to the cistern. In
the barrel is a float, II, and above the
float about eight inches from the top
is a diaphragm with n hole in the
center. The head of the barrel is replaced
but several vent holes are bored The
diagram, :, represents the supply pipe
from the roof, and + the outflow to the
cistern. With every shower, the barrel
being empty, or nearly so, the first flow Of
water brings most of the impurities bird
dung, leaves, dust and dirN of the roof
and they are caught in the barrel before it
fills.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
YOUNG FOLKS COLUMN.
A CHEAP AND EFFECTIVE TelE-
PHONE FOR SHORT DISTANCES.

A simple Sport That Dates its Origin
Back to the Greeks-A Short Story
About Princess Pocahontas and Her
Little son.
Every boy and girl old enough to have
read the history of the United States is
familiar with the story OF Pocahontas, the
dusky but beautiful daughter of Powhatan,
king of n tribe of the Potomac Indians, in
Virginia, as long ago as 1000. They know
how she saved the life OF Capt John Smith
when he was captured and brought pris-
oner before her father, the king and when
the red men would, but for her brave inter
cession, have put him to death. They also
remember how few years later Pocahontas
was married in the little church of James
town to n young EngliShnan named John
Rolfe, who in the year 1916 took her to Eng
land with him, where not only his relatives
but the queen tAnne of Denmark) treated
her with the respect and attention due to
yOunr princess
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
The Silent Night Clock.

The silent night clock, which was intro
duced TO the public some months ago, has
already been subjected to Improvement A
little spirit lamp is now attached TO the clock
behind the dial; formerly the clock was in
tended TO hc put over the gas jet. The dial is
Of opal glass, with variously coored porce.
lain figures. The advantage of the clock is
that the light is confined by peculiar re-
flector at the back OF transparent dial, so
that the time is distinctly seen while the room
is IN dnILncSs
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
The Preservation OF Eggs.

1.-The season is again at hand when the
'eral modes of packing down eggs for
1ter use are discussed. These various
thods each have their warm advocates
inning superior merits. They all de
nd, however, largely upon the fact that
| shells Te porous, and if the pores he
| sed or protected from the recess of air.
Il contents Will remain good long time
late years protection Of the contents of
Il egg by cold air has been prautiCed to
Ine extent
rkct eitlrr preserve the eggs in u lime
| kle or by the cold storage system
rmerS AMI others who preserve eggs in
/ all quantities, as a rule practice lining
packing Gown in dry salt.
The lining system is inexpensive and
b little trouble. Eggs kept by this
)cess, however, while good for cooking
rposes. such as making cake, puddings
/ the like, are not like fresh laid eggs
en- required for poaching on other uses
ere ii is essential that the yulk remain
broken.
70 lime eggs, make pickle of strictly
re stone line, clean salt and pure water
the following proportions Two quarts
salt, one tnshel of lime and sixty gal.
of water. The lime is carefully
cked with part Of the water, and the
aud remaining water afterward added,
Ell the mas is left to deposit the lime
nj the solution becomes clear a com
n practice is to draw off the solution at
stage int a cask or vat in which il is
igned TO preserve the eggs. The eggs
y be place. in the pickle by means of a
basin punched full of holes. When
vat or Cak is nearly fun, cover over
h factory cloth and spread on two or
zee inches If the lime that settles in
king the pixie, aud see To it that the
Sle is kept continually up over this
e.
advocates for packing eggs in dry salt
all the while increasing in number
editor of The Rural New Yorker and
or of The Massachusetts Ploughman
amongst PRACTICAL experimenters who
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

! have used during two ycnrs past,
says n correspondent IN IluSbandman,
water impregnated with gas tar for the
purpose Of destroying the Colorado beetle
on my potato vines. 1t has proved more
effective than Paris green, aud has been
used with equal effect upon my currant
bushes. Two quarts Of gas tar to pail.
full Of water are the proportions used aud
the vines or bushes are sprinkled Dy
means Of a watering pot.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
CLEMATIs JACKMANI.

Dur picture represents one Of the most
autiful of the clematis family, and con
Iuently one Of the most beautiful of all
L hardy climbers. Planted so as to
ger the pillars Of verandas, or trained
a trellis or stump or other object, it
no equal 1t may also be planted in
king On winding flower beds, bat it
| Il require pegCing down, The large,
,let purple flowers of this variety are
)duced in the greatest protusiOn and
main on the plant n long time. This is
very satisfactory plant to cultivate, as
Increases in size and beauty each year
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

PoCAHoNTAs AND HER SON THOMAS RoLFE
One son was born to Pocahontas and John
Rolfe; he was named after mutual friend
Sir Thomas Dale, and it is this little lads
picture that appears here with that OF his
mother. This picture is a copy of n portrait
now in the possession Of descendants of John
Rolfe in England and made originally for
Wide Awake. The curious earrings worn 10y
Pocahontas in this portrait are the kind that
were in fashion more than 200 years ago
among the kings and princesses of the Indian
tribes. These earrings nre still in existence,
being cherished rs momentos of this beauti-
full Indian princess who saved the life of one
Engiishman, and forsook her own people to
follow the fortunes of this white man to whom
she afterwards gave her heart and hand in
WedlOck
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
Snnt NNnfcr for plnnia

SCOT is an excellent fertilizer for plants.
especially pot plants. An easy uanncr
of applying it is in water; tie the SCOT mp
in bag and place it in hot water, work
ing it around with the hands or stick
until the water has washed the SCOT from
the bag; dilute with cold water SCOT
water is excellent for roses, ADDITIONS.
pcarGorims and other towering plants
When the pots are full of roots it APP
pears to be especially effective.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

When the water rises as high as the
diaphragm, the float closes the hole, and
the pure water then rises and flows into
the cistern. After the rain the water in
the barrel should be drawn off. 1t il use.
full for watering plants, washing tagging,
wagons, etc. The faucet, A, should be u
few inches above the bottom 50 that the
barrel will not get so dry as to leak in a
dry time, and the affair should be kept
under cover for the same cause, and
painted.-American Agriculturist.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

You cannot restore rancid butter to a
veet, good article. 1t may be somewhat
approved, however, by washing it first in
wv milk and after that in cold water
mother plan is to beat up quarter of a
'und of good fresh lime in a pail of water
I'd after allowing it to stand for an hour,
It'll the impurities have settled, pour of
clear portion and wash the rancid but
in that.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

Out of some 10000 species Of birds recog-
nized by ornithologists there are 80 species
and sub-species which make their home in
North America There are also eighty two
Others which find their way to this continent
as st.aggler5 from other countries
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
FARM AND GARDEN.
VARIOUS WAYS OF PRESERVING
EGGS FOR WINTER.

A Filter Trap OF Simple Construction
Tor Cisterns-Recent Estimate of tho
Country's Wool Clip-A Beautiful Gle
matis-A Useful Harrow.
The harrow represented in the cut is a
square one. The teeth are set twelve
inches from center TO center each way.
There are four beams in each half and five
teeth in each beam. These beams are
four feet eight inches long, mortiscd into
The front piece, which is three feet seven
inches in length.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

j v Mallett claims to have found traces
Of silver in the ashes from an eruption Of the
volcano Cotopaxl. to the extent of two fifths
of an ounce to the ton. Lead, which was
said 10 lie present in the ashes OF a previous
eruption, was not noticed.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

The celebrated Psychologist, DR.. Brown
Sequard says he has discovered that the
moment the skin Of the neck is cut all
sensiDilIty disappears and that the best
means Of rcsuscitatng persons a,phyxiated
by smoke coal gas or water, is to apply gal
vanism 70 the skin of the neck-a method he
has successfully employed
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
SCIENCE AND PROGRESS.
ELEVATOR SHAFTS MADE FIRE.
PROOF WITH TIN Innings.

Suggestions About Preventing the Deadly
Pest of Sewer Gas by the Artificial
Ventilation of Sewcrs-Thc Immense
Telescopes Employed by Astronomers.
The successful application of photography
to the representation of the starry heavens
has awakened universal interest in the work
OF astronomers, and an illustration OF one Of
these immense telescopes which enable as
tronomers TO explore the vast distances OF
the universe from which light reaches us
will doubtless prove welcome to many readers.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

The telephone shown in the accompanying
cut is described 10y correspondent in Coun-
try Gentleman, who has successfully worked
one like it at distance of about one-third Of
a mile AS the transmitters are easily made
and young folks are fond of experimenting
with such things the directions for their
manufacture are here reproduced.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

The Lancet reports the case Of a woman dy-
ing from myxedema whose temperature
ranged from Sc dogs. +. to IS dcgs f, the
normal temperature being % 5 dogs F. The
pulsations of this patients heart were Sc, and
her respirations II TO the minute. The TEN.
perature is said TO be the lowest human tenn
perature on record
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04
A Hardy Climber.

Next to the rose, the clematis is doubt
,s the most popular Towering plant Of
day, 1t is hardy, blooms during the
tire season and embraces great variety
beautiful colOrs. The clematiS is a
pid climber, ami, if carefully trained,
tains to Il height Of from five to fifteen
AZ In "a spucnn
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-06-04

The lightest production Of quicksilver In
the United States in ten years, according TO
a recent estimate, was that of last year, being
only q, 7j6 TASKS. The increased imports Of
nearly 5000 TASKS from England to the
United States include the large transit trade
Of that article 10 the Mexican mines
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1887-01-26
The Comet.

BosToN, January Pa cable mes
sage, received yesterday from DR..
Kruger, of the European union Of
astronomers announces the discovery
of comet on January 18th, by DR..
Thorne director of the observatory at
Cordova, South America. The comet,
which was probably observed three
days ago at Melbourne, was in the con-
srellation Grus (the Crane). DR. Thorne
announces that it will tecome very
brilliant and that it resembles in char
acter the great comet of 1880 which was
first announced by Dr. Gould, then di-
rector of the same observatory.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1887-01-26
Senatorial Elections,

TRENTON, N. j., ia nuary 25.-Demo-
cratic hopes OF last night were lowered
again to-day by Speaker Baird's re-
fusal to accept overtures and go into
their caucus. The caucus met at 9
O'Clock and Immediately adjourned I'M
til IL O'Clock. At the latter hour the
doors were again closed but Baird had
left the Capitol and gone to his hotel.
He says he will not meet in caucus with
Democrats on the senatorial question,
but will vote for a Democrat for
Senator. This gives the Democrats no
satisfaction, as his vote will only help
the Republicans If not cast for the
Democratic caucus nominee. Demo
Gratis are yet undecided whether or not
TO go into joint meeting and ballot for
Senator tomorrow, independent of
Republicans. Without Baird they lack
a majority unless either of the labor
men should join them, and these latter
give no assurance as to their stand in
the Senatorial fight. The Senate will
not organize this week, that having
been decided upon in the all-night eau
Gus
CHARLEsroE, W. Va, January 25.-
The Senate and House met at noon to-
day in their respective chambers and
voted for United States Senator. JIM.
Camden, the present Senator, received
40 votes, 10 in the Senate and 80 in the
House, a majority of over the caucus.
Tomorrow the two houses viii ballot
in joint session. Camden needs s more
votes to elect.
INDIAEAPoLIs, Ind, January % Two
ballots were taken for United States
Senator today without change
Nashville, Tenn, January % The
Tennessee legislature assembl d at
noon to-day, and proceeded to, ballot
for United States Senator. Ex-Governor
w. 5. Bate (Democrat) received 81
votes, A: NJ. Hughes, Jr. (Republican)
-, and James D. Porter (Delnocrat) l.