The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1887-12-03
FAHAr NoTEs.

In the winter months should be brought
into good condition by feeding roots.
and bran to keeptle bowels open. --If
new stock Ol Is brought,
quarantine them before Allowing them
TO 90 with tho herd, for fear Of intro.
ducing diseases. In fattening dosnot
feed exclusively on corn, but feed
refuse fruit roots and other fresh vege
table food to improve tho appetite.
weight meet with ready sale to city
families. Poultry should have every
provision frr de, On "oit and health,
X eggs alo desned. DO ~ forget
ground or broken bone, Shells. and
meat, cabbages and other vegetables as
persuaders. y
STOCKDIEN do not always realize
how much cooler the nights are now
and the cattle are left unprotected
from cold and storms until they show
the effects Of this treatment by falling
off in flesh. Where sheds are provided,
to which the cattle can have access at
night. or during stormy weather, the
cost OF these will be found to be money
we'll invested, for whatever secures the
comfort Of the stock will add to its
growth and thrift. Particularly should
comfortable quarters be provided for,
the cows that are in calf and the young
stock. Where a cheap sled can be
provided SO easily with straw and few
poles, or q little lumber, there is no
excuse for allowing the cattle to fall Off
in flesh for want Of shelter in the cold
weather, and show the effects Of this
for months afterward. Now is the
time of year to plan for such protection
where it is needed.
a GREAT loss in many farms is oc-
casioned from the fact that the fields
arc not uniformly fertile in all their
parts. If they are naturally the same
kind Of soil the evening-up process will
be comparatively easy. Sometimes the
detect will be found In depression
where stagnant water remains. Here
undertaking will make the waste
place at least as good as the balance of
the field, and probably somewhat better.
In such places underdrains Will often
pay for themselves in u single crop, for
when they are made they enable the
entire field to be plowed and the crop
10 be got in earlier and in better con di.
ton.
FARMERS differ in their estimate Of
the value Of rock as a permanent fertil.
izer. Many think 1t profitable to use
it on wheat inconnection with manure,
while many have decided that to use it
on all crops to the exclusion of regular
phosEhat's would dep}ete their soil Of
potash. This vics i, correct. Heavy
crops of corn and clover will exhaust
the potash and unless this depletion is
made good and potash in some shape is
tn hn hn Ion will pf
respond to the demands of the tiller.
POTASH IS one Of the most essential
elements pertaining to fertility and
wherever 1t Is dellcept, marked failure
Is tho result. Ammonia can be sup
piled in nearly sufficient quantities
from grain fed manure and the opinion
has become general that the air gives
d)wn almost a sufficient amount, hence
the belief that 1t is not best to pay tic
increased price Of phosphates that grade
high In .ammonis. Phosphates that
grade at least 10 per cent. phosphoric
and from to 6 per cent. potash, with
per cent. ammonia are deemed best
adapted to all soils and crops.
The Importance 10 vegetation OF. an
abundant water-supply IS shown by u
consideration Of the amount Of mos
lure which is perspired by healthy
plants a sunilower, only three and
half feet high, with 5G1G square
inches OF surface exposed to the air,
gives of as Invisible vapor from twenty
to thirty avoirdupois ounces Of water
every twelve hours. This is more than
passes through tho skin OF man.
Most Of the common cultivated plants
such as wheat, beans, peas and clover
--exhale during five months OF growth
moro than two hundred times their
dry weight Of water; while twice its
weight OF water passes from the Corne.
Ian cherry in twenty-four hours.
NUT TREES FOR SHADE,-The idea
OF planting edible nut bearing trees
where shade is desired instead of those
which are solely ornamental, is not
new, but the suggestion is one that
will bear thinking about, by those who
contemplate planting shade or ornamen-
tai trees. Chestnut, walnut, hickory.
nut and butternut trees are all nearly
as tne IN appearance as horse chestnut
and maple, and, aside from the sourc,
OF revenue which will in time accrue
to their owners from the fruit, the
timber OF such trees is always In demand,
and tho tree itself may become prollta-
bio should 1t be como desirable at any
time to remove it.
IHE manure from most barnyards is
never so thoroughly drawn out OH the
land as II should be. Generally only
the cGarser portions mixed with last
years straw are considered worth
drawing away. In old barnyards there
are often rich deposits o. earth whicl,
have been accumulnting for years, ana
that, spread thinly as top dressing, will
produce far moro effect the present
season than may be expected from the
manure made the past Winter.
4 GOOD COW should yield 365 pounds
OF butter a year, allowing for tic time
she IS dried off. This yield is seldom
sfcnred from each animal in a dairy
herd, but 1T Is not impossible, as such
yield has been greatly exceeded. By
using The butter-pfoduclng breeds, and
+, lecd'Eg for the highest possible produce
lion, 'ho lioiits from herd may he
doubled.
On all soils manurcs applied in OK
ces' ofHlhe hcedssof tho crop are no,
wasted. In Is quite common on heavy
yHDn iS inu nl0ta nf oypGnt j,,nai Tn,,;i;