New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-01-12
GOV. STANFORUS SPEECH.
HIGH PRAISE FROM ALL QUARTERS.
xEIGHTY ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE INTERSTATE
COMMERCE BILL

frY TELEGRAPH THE tribunal
wAsuSGroN. jan 1.-THE favorable impression
created BY Senator Stanford speech IN the Senate
Yesterday was heightened by its appearance IN The
Record to-day 1t has attracted unusual attention,
aud some of its striking points are to-day tbe
theme of general discussion. 1t is conceded 10
he O strong and able argument against the
CullomReagau bill, even by the most
ardent supporters of that measure. Representing
as 1t does the opinion and the result OF many years
of practical experience of one of the best known
and most conservative railroad men in the country
"a man who has in more ways than one shown his
practical interest IN the welfare OF the toiiihR
wage-carncrs--it carries additional weight ana is
discussed today by members of the House and SEN
ate with the interest and the consideration IL really
deserves 1t is therefore given herewith In ruii:
MIR PRESIDENT: shall speak to this Dill as uideI-
stand It. In what shall have to say upon the
shall endeavor to entirely candid and correct Inc III
portance OF subject great that II can only DC per
mapently settled upon right principles Anything eise
means renewed and continued disturbance The Dill hnder
consideration provides regulation OF one species OF
property not common 10 Others TO see now la. 1,' 81
il Is we'll . a1 To oT hsS are Created
Railroad companies are ORGANIZED under tne gen,
cral laws Of the different STATES ssoc,a,oS. aIIod
by these generalaws laws OF which every ctzen OF any
number OF citizens may avail themselves equay ~
thew NAV exist entirely without the aid OF the
cali in his neghhors TO help him his barn. TO roll
wlog 10 do any business not MIN r
poration laws nothing to Incorporation wbateverof
Capital labor is contributed to it entirely private
The ownership OF the labor ard capital provided Is
pTiyatc-as much as the bankers Ownership OF DIS
money the farmers ownership OF bis farm me te lahnr
ters nership Of his and 40 on IL Is private aDoi
that builds the railroad from the mrs. shove OF u
that thrown until the las, p shse sns to
operate. 1t is all the product OF Individual of p"'
But some will say. the right Of way was given In
regard that. think there is much misapprehens,0n;
in some manner the right OF way on which 70 ond
it. They appeal 10 the state on the ground lhat the pro
ppuSSc. and they ask the State to exercise its right of
eminent domain in order that the road may be bn Inc
State only the right OF eminent DOMAIN or
the benefit Of public and then upon lust compensa
tlon to be made to the owner for whatever tKen
State could not take private property iOr the A.
b., c., D., f., f., and others
A BFNTFICENT MONOPOLY.
Now I'D to this time everything IN the railroad has come
from private sources and the labor belongs to the ind
yiduals rs much the labor OF the man who tls farm
Control is the of ownership. The value OF the
property its producing quality This bill strikes
ut the control and directly affects the nconeproducng
capacity of the properties. Now II the investment Is
state can do It's construction what It could not 90
for establishment OF factory or any other egls'e
the values and the control of this property No nonoP
oily given TO tinereres with DO rights pre'ousy
tages to the shipper or traveller superior those exist
ing before. If 1t is monopoly 1t l, Only neneieeh'
one, cheapening and facilitating trave ana commerce.
WHY SHOULD THE STATE MEDDLEf
Now, IL the State has given nothing
to this railroad company but what
gives to every other citizen. Ii u mas put
no money in, If the company has no monopoly II us SER
vices are necessarily beneficial character W ny should
the State interfere with its ownership and with is in
come producing qualities And II the state, or II Con-
ress npars the value Of this propery why should NOT
ka, 70
ting into operation law that viii affect values ought
not to be made as done when e
the property OF A.. that the road may be bt Wen he
asy & value the pey p Of Which the
railroad company has paid for is affected
COMPETITION CERTAINTY IL YOU DON'T NEEDLE
The geography and topography OF the country make
competition certainty This bill denies to the railroads
the right to charge for the greater distance than FOR
the shorer 40 suppose that any railroad company
ever carried freight for the longer distance
for than for the shorter. unless competition or Some
other circumstance beyond the control Of the my
business I principle IN good raroadRs h, 70 T SSSs
Fiat wifi 8 BAY inc can S
Consequent upon Its own movement very large por,
c" Sa '' The xed expenses and the
of railroad company are very large Ihey. ~ wen AZ o
at as Of OPERATING
per very different figure from tna Of the avesase
expenses and expenses Thus take the business
from Atlantic to the Pacific or from the racine 70
the Atlantic, and nd competition by the lsthmus oi
Panama and competition by Cape Horn we hnd over,
curves varying volume Of business and in expense Of
operating We have very different average expense ior
movement.
WHAT PIXIES RATES.
Tho longer road must compete with the shorter The
road with the heaviest gradients must compete with the
road OF easier The road having small volume OF bush
ness must compete with the road having large volume
of business The Of fuel Is very important item
varying on the different railroads Yet the road having
the Lesser volume business the road having the longer
line having the heaviest grades and having the
higber cost of fuel will be in competition WITH and VIII
have to carry chespy as one having tne shorter ne
the easier gradients the cheaper fuel ana Tue VOL
All these are factors that determine the rates at which
tS me po All Ss overland lines Of h
largely or sS aS e Rorn
Meeting that competition and being willing 70 aecep.
small Ro1 where aSs e So re points the
character fret gbt less rates than II Is carried from
Thus because Of competition. freight going from New.
York Francisco over the various lines OF
ss1 aaass sa g from 70 Buffalo
TO Chicago. from Chicago TO Omaha from Omaha 70 SAT-
profit is so small he despsed Busiaess Ia done at
that rate rather than not do 1t at ALL
MARKED ILLUSTRATION.
aHa moro marked illustration. The Southern Pacific
road strikes the Atlantic waters at much loss distance
than any OF its more northern competitors II has line OF
easy gradients comparatively and completes not only
with its northern rivals but moro particularly with the
Cane Horn and Isthmus Of Panama routes. because
of its shorter limo and easy gradients In this
competition 1t often takes freight between
the two oceans as low as $10 while takes freight half
vsy for SAY $50 ton most reasonable rate for the
limited local business Of that country. Now II It makes
only dollar net the freight from San Francisco to
New Orleans $40. II 10 glad to mako that dollar Where
n esn set no more: but freight going to FL Paso
something over hal the distance will pay $50 ton NOW
IN tie freight at Orleans pays 81 proht tho
freixht going less distance. FL Paso would pay as
much profit as 81 going through to New-O Orleans
and tho rates charged IL Paso but far as is SHOWN
By the earnings and the expenses OF tho road
leaving but very narrow net profit -
Tho shOrter distance charged any more because
of the less for tho longer distance Indeed the
longer distance helps the railroad company TO maintain
isoif while without that help perhaps, II could not 90
the shorter business all Is this Congress prepared 70
cay small earnings shall bc desplsed that hey nsi
vhe