Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1887-03-26

when used strong enough to affect the fun
gus. it affected the foliage and fruit also
One pound to forty gallons was the strong
est solution that conld be used on the trees
in foliage without hurting the latter seri-
ously; used stronger, it had the effect OF
checking the fungus and the fruit and TOLL
age at once. Even with the solution one
pound to forty gallons of water the foliage
suffered and the fruit dropped. Next sea-
son the sulphate of iron was used early, be-
fore the leafng out. one pound to thirty
gallons; and again weaker after the foliage
was out. The season proved unfavorahle to
the development of the fungus, being a
warm, dry spring. Still the disease showed
itself on such trees as were much subject
to the disease, proving that the wash had
but little effect Professor Riley's kero-
sene and sour milk emulsion was also
tried partly as q scale exterminator. 1t
proved likewise of little use as a cure for
any of the complaints. The following sea-
son, spring of 1885, substantially the same
compound, used the succeeding season so
successfully, was used again, but applied
cold. 1t produced favorable results, but
not enough to be called successful. A
great deal of scabby fruit could be found,
the spring also being dry, and the compar-
atively healthy looking fruit we attribu-
tea 10 TINS ldNOIdUlt GOuQlllOl. lie oCe1-
son of 1886 brought out the fungus in full
force again, this time showing itself all
over the experimental orchard.
SUCCESSFUL REMEDY.
The sulphide of soda with whale oil soap
prepared as follows: Dissolve eighty per
cent. soap, at the most costing five cents
per pound in sixty gallons of water, by
heating the two together thoroughly. Boil
three pounds of I've (American coneen-
trated I've is what we have used) with six
pounds of sulphur and couple of gallons
of water. When thoroughly dissolved it
is a dark brown liquid Chemically sui
phide of soda). Mix the two, the soap and
the sulphide of soda, well, and allow them
to boil for about half an hour, then add
about ninety gallons of water to the mix
ture, and it is ready for Isen This was
applied warm st the temperature of 1902
Fahrenheit in the barrel from which 1t
was sprayed. The remedy this time proved
a decided success, and with the exception,
the variety first attacked years ago, only
such fruit as had not been covered with the
solution was affected the least. Such va
rieties as for years, and even last year, ia
vorable season, had suffered so severely
that they were almost cracked to pieces,
were perfectly smooth.
Sulphur mechanically mixed with soap
had also been tried several times before in
the shape of the so-called Goblin moth
wash, but its effects when used in this To-
cality had been nothing. Reports from
sections with warmer summer tempera-
ture show better results. 1t seems, there
fore, that in cool climate, when sulphur
simply is used it does not develop the va
por sufficiently strong. But the sulphide
of soda, especially when the compound is
used warm, gives a brisk action and the
germs of the fusicladium are killed.
As the varieties of fruits suffering from
the fusicladium are affected in very differ
ent degree and at different time of develop
ment, some apples and pears being attacked
already in bloom, it is evident that they
cannot successfully all be treated alike.
According to this theory we have arrived
at the conclusion that the different varie-
ties affected in different degree require diff
ferent modes of treatment.
For varieties of which the bloom already
affected is not allowed to set, l should rec
ommend very thorough spraying in the
fall, and also in the spring before the
blooming, and if the fruit should show
signs of fungus spray again after the set
ting.
For varieties blooming and setting before
the fungus attacks them one thorough
spraying after the fruit is set
1t should be distinctly understood that
we do not claim to have proved that the
sulphide of soda is a perfect remedy for the
Winter Nelis blight, or for apples blight
ing in bloom, but We think it will prove so.