davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
Is 1t Really Consumption!

Many a case supposed to be radical lung
disease is really one of liver complaint and in
digestion, but, unless that diseased liver can
be restored to healthy action, it will SO clog the
lungs with corruptilg matter as to bring on
their speedy decay, and then indeed we have
consumption, which is scrofula of the lungs,
in its worst form. Nothing can be more tlap-
PLY calculated to nip this danger in the bud
than is DIR. Pierce's Golden Medical Discov-
cry" BY druggists
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
KILLED BY ELECTRICITY.

KILLED BY ELECTRICITY.
A curious instance of death by electricity
occurred recently at Moscow. A fete was
given at public pleasure resort; inclosed
by wooden palisade, the exterior of which
was Illuminated by the electric-light, when
some peasants attempted to gain an en-
trance fy breaking through. The fore
most had already succeeded in getting his
head and arm through the opening in the
palisade, when he expired without utterine
sound. The unfortunate fellow had
grasped one of the electric wires, and
death was instantaneous.-Elec Re
rieu.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
Five Hundred Dollars

Is the sum DR.. Pierce offers for the detection
Of any calomel, or other mineral poison or in
furious drug, in his justly celebrated sPleas-
ant pursative Pellets. They are about the
while their operation liz unattended by any
gripping pain. Biliousness, sick headache, bad
taste in the mouth, and jaundice yield at once
before these 4little giants" OF your druggist
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

you can't expect man of my trade to
Join this strike said a carpet beater." why
not?" asked the walking delegate. Be
cause we are only carpet knights, and We
can raise more dust by working than loaf
ing. "-PhiladelpAia Herald.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
A Fortune for You.

All is new; capital not needed; you are start
ed free. Both sexes; all ages. Wherever you
live you should at once write TO Hallett 4 Co,
information about work that you can do and
live at home, earning thereby from Is to 995
and upwards daily, from the first start some
have made over $50 in day. The best chance
ime-delay not
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
EMANUEL AND THE BEARS.

Emanuel Williams saw black bear aad
cub in the woods gust west of Mr.. Font
Lees last Tuesday. Emanuel says they
were drinking, and when they saw him
paced off through the woods, and SO did
he.-Ne,c Madrid (af0.) Record.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

~ 'ne replies to an advertise.
% music committee for "a can
be- t ea1; music teacher" etc.,
caa A'i'o~ing one: Gentlemen.
n ~ your advertisement for an
tlan nu music teacher, either lady
vaaan Having been both for
'S' 1 Offer you my services. {"
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
4 FRUGAL M1LLIoNaIRE.

In this extravagant age all isn't extrava-
gance. l know millionaire of family
who invested $l1 in Christmas presents,
and the $11 included the cost of So hat
that he gave himself.-Neac York Times.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

e A HINDU correspondent of London pa
per says: "Johur is an awful rite. A
whole tribe may become extinct by it. .
Strong efforts should Be made to have the
right of Johur introduced into the tribe OF
Anarchists in this country. 1t seems tc
60 right to the spot.-Norristomn Herald
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
Imporanx.

When you visit or leave New York CITY. save
baggage. expressase, and % carriage hire, and
stop ct tho Grand Union Hotel. opposite
Grand Central Depot
6lS rooms, fitted up at . cost Of one million
dollars p and upwards per day European
plan Elevator Restaurant supplied With the
best Horse cars, stages, and elevated rail-
road to Ill depoA. Families can live bettcr for
less money at the Grand Union Hotel than d
any othor flrst-class hotAl in the CITY.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
A Deceived Woman

Is the lady who uses cosmetics, face lotions,
the i Belief Lief Of s enrichEng u and beaatfyins the
complexion. It is but temporary, and ulti-
mately destroys the skin beyond the power Of
nature to restore. Stop it! Stop it now, and
use only DR.. Harter's Iron Tonic, which i'm
parts the Yigor and loneliness Of youth.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
The Effects Of Mental Exhaustion.

Many diseases, especially those Of the ner.
vous system, are the products Of daily renewed
mental exhaustion Business avocatons often
involve an amount Of mental wear and tear very
prejudicial to physical health and the profess
sions. if arduously pursued, arc no less destruc-
tive to brain and nerve tissue. 1t is one Of tho
most important attributes Of Hostetters stom.
ach Bitters that it compensates for this undue
loss Of tissue, and that it inparts new shergy to
the brain and nerves. The rapidity with which
it renews weakened mental energy and physi-
invigorating properties are of the highest or
der. Besides increasing vital stamina, and
counteracting the effects Of mental exhaustion,
YER and ague, rheumatism, chronic dyspep p
and constipation. kidney and uterine weakness
and other complaints. Physicians also commend
1t as q indicated stimulant and remedy
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

For Throat Diseases and Coughs.
BRowN's BRONCHIAL IRocHEs; like all really
good things, are frequently initiated. The gen.
aiae ere sold only Ia boxes.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
PLENTY OF PADDING.

Husband-I saw young woman fall
from the tor of Fifth avenue stage this
afternoon.
Wife Shocked -Was she killed?
Husband-No; wasn't hurt bit. She
had on q tailor-made suit.-Puck.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
THE EXACT TRurH

Did You arrest that prisoner on CO.
-pias?" inquired the court of ON officer.
No, Your Honor; arrested him on q
vacant lot in South Washington. - Wash
ington Critic.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

The last one of the famous herd of Ari-
IONA camels has been captured and is now
in confinement at Phoenix.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

"A most extraordinary and absolute cure
for rheumatism and other bodily ailments
lis st. Jacobs OIL" says Hon. James Har-
Ian. ex- Vice Chancellor, Louisville, KY.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
POLYGLOT Report

a POLTGLOT KEFOR7ER.
City Kditor-Send up man who can
speak French and German.
Scrawley--I can, sir; and little italian,
too.
City Editor You're just the man
I want. Run down to the Leland and in
erview the principals of the American
Opera Company; and nj nd that you ask
them how they like America.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
1T OUGHT TO DO.

Nc Opium in Plso's Cure for Consumption.
Cures where other remedies fail. Csc
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
SKINNY MEN.
XVI, l.ALSANI,

Wells Health Remover" restores health and
Lility. tor weak men, delicute women IL
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

DR.. Morse, physician at Marine Hospital,
Baltimore, Md, found Red Star Cough
Cure a harmless and most effective remedy
in the care of coughs He recommends it
especially for children, xho are irritable and
obstinate, as pleasant to take and prompt
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
TROUGH ON ITCH..s
"ROUGH on CATARRu

"Rough on Itch" cures skin humors. eruptions
ring worm, tetter, salt rheum, frosted feet chill
blains, itch. ivy poison. BARRIERS itch. coo Jars
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

The sFavorite Prescription" of DR.. Pierce
cures female weakness" and kindred afec-
tons. By druggists
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

II gray. restores to original color An elegant
dressing, softens uud beautities. No oil nor
grease. tonic restorative stops hair coming
out; strengthens, cleanses. hc.ls scalp. sue.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

THERE are twenty lime kilns in Alabama
that tprn out q, 900 barrels daily.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

CROUCH ON COkNs.o
Ask for Wells @Rough on Corns." Quick relief
complete cure. Corns, warts, bunions $50.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
CROUCH ON PILES. {,

plete cure guaranteed. ASK for Rough OH Piles. "
eure cure for itching. protruding, bleeding, or
any form of piles. SIC. At druggists or mailed.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
III, THERE!

NV son said he was coming around to
see you about going on the stage. Has he
called yet, Mr.. Poster?"
"Yes, mum, and he was tired
What"
Fired with an ambition to be an actor. )"
"Ah!"
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
CROUCH ON RATS

Clears out rats, mice, reaches, fies, ants. bed
bugs, beetles, insects skunks. jack rabbits
sparrowS, gophers. 15c. At druggists.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

NOUOH ON CATARR6"
Corrects offensive odors at once Complete curt
OF worst chronic cases also unequaled - gargl,
Tor diphtheria. sore throat. foul breath. 5Uo
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04
rheumatism

uRUHHb 90 days. Refer To 1000 patients cured
~ uOhvD in alrparts. Dr.. Marsh. Quincy. ES;rh.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

nIlnfDlnfRelieved and Cured by DR.. J. A.
XIII IIAPSherman method. Those who can
iOl UIoInot avail themselves Of personal II:
tendance Gun have home treatment appliance and
curative sent for $40 only Send stamp for circular
4 Broadway New York.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

mn FADr williams Indian Pile Ointment
DN hNis sure cure for blind, bleeding or
lCOFsss,seS &c. R asa q. CUE II E'esi.&aiSsfffh
DRUG Co, Wholesale Agents. Omaha. Neb.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

writes:
q very
he fish
| lewhat,
b be good
where
Q labor
caught
fish
i labor
he fish,
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1887-02-04

[nNash-
ling at
lilo eked
' flute OF
red, anu
latitude
|hder the
played it
he large
ktor said
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
Serious G. A. R. Wrangle.

MADISON, Wis, July Pc. G
Washburne post, G.. A. R, of this
city, is in an interesting condition. 1t
adjourned in commotion at the last
meeting. 1t Is the post to which
Commander-in-chief Fairchild be-
longs. Hugh Lewis withdrew be-
cause the order allowed Col. Gray's
insult to Comrade Gen. Bragg to
pass unrebuked. At the last meet
ing a communication was received
from Mr.. Geo. Raymor, editor of the
Madison Democrat, in which Mr..
Raymor asked honorable discharge
from the order which tolerates dis
honorable treatment of brethren in
good standing. A comrade suggest
ed that in lieu of discharge, Mr..
Raymor be expelled as spy. Ray
NOR is Democrat and an upholder
of the President of the United States,
and carries many scars received
while acting as Union soldier. The
comrade acting as officer of the day
did not approve of expelling scar
red veteran as spy, and delivered
bis insignia of Office and badge to the
quartermaster, with the information
that he had got enough. The matter
will come up at the next meeting and
if Raymor is expelled instead of be-
ing allowed to withdraw, many 9TH
ers will desert the G. A. r.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
Deaths.

DCatuSs
Louis Woellmer died at his resi-
dence IN East Mexico last night,
after an illness of about three weeks
of typhoid fever. He leaves a wife
but no children. Mr.. Woell-
mer had lived in Mexico number of
years, and had established an envia-
BILE business reputation for himself.
He was long connected with j. M.
Menefee's furniture establishment,
and had many friends all over the
State.
Benton City Thursday.
Mrs. Corker of South Mexico, died
Thursday, after long illness Of par
,alysls.
Died, at her residence in South
Mexico Thursday, after long illness,
Mrs. Cynthia G. Jameson, in her
SOth year. Mrs. Jameson was born
in Kentucky, but In lS45 came to
Galloway county. south OF here,
where she remained until 1867, when
she moved to this city, where she
since resided. Deceased leaves i
large number Of friends and relatives
ITO mourn her loss. The funeral DC
Cured from the late residence At 9
o'clsck Friday afternoon, and the re-
mains ~sre inferred in the new Gem.
etery. Mrs. Jameson had just receiv-
ed the necessary papers granting her
alpension, ~ her husband had been
q soldier in the Mexican war, but she
was unable to sign them.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
GAS AT LAST!
Not in Any Great Quantity,
But it's Gas.
THE DRILL NOW IN GAS ROCK
AND PROSPECTS GOOD.
Everything Indicates a Good Body
of Natural Gas Near at Hand
All About It.

The report circulated upon the
streets at 3 o'clock Friday
that natural gas had been discovered
on Fiat Rock was not thought to
have any foundation, but LEDGER
reporter visited the derrick and found
that gas rock had been penetrated
by the drill, and the pumpings
brought up were SO permeated with
gas that it was impossible to hold
ones head over a bucket Of the pulp
for minute as a time. Mr.. Wolf
told the reporter that there was no
doubt but what they were row in the
gas sand, and thinks it only ques-
tion of short time until paying gas
is reached. If 4 is not reached al
once, it will be, deeper, and the farth.
er down discovered, the more perma'
nent it is. When be true state o1
affairs had become Known late in the
afternoon, stockholders, in the Min
ing Co. stood Ground like millionaires
their shares not being for sale at any
price.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
Only O Few.

From the Jefferson City Tribune.
Col. Bob White, of the Mexico
LEDGER, Is bowling mad at some pri-
meval fossils of that city who op-
pose every public enterprise, and in
his wrath he threatens to send for
Col. Adam Rodemyre and his gallant
company of Missouri State Guards
and exterminate the last remnant of
the paleozoic age in Audrain county.
Mexico is a beautiful city, and the
citizens as general rule are thrifty
and enterprising, but, like all other
cities, she is cursed with few hu-
man hogs and ancient kickers who
want the city to be as Insignificant
as their actions make them appear
before intelligent men. If Col. Bob.
can eradicate such class OF in
dividuals he ought to be presented
with gold mine and elected Govern
nor of the State.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04

Hon. DAVID R. francis, Mayor of
st. Louis, is one of the most active,
prominent and worthy young Demo
Gratis in the West. He is making the
metropolis of Missouri the same kind
of a Mayor that Cleveland is max
ing a President for the United States.
Francis is not only man of fine exc
cutive ability, but he is man who
comprehends any and every situation
at a glance, and acts conscientiously
and promptly without fear or favor
in that direction which he thinks is
best for his party, his city and his
State. He is doing more than any
other dozen men to harmonize the
party in the city and in the country,
and We trust, will be successful. st.
Louis is the pride of Missouri-Mis-
souri, is the pride of every one of her
citizens, uo matter whether he lives
in the city or in the country. Francis
has bright future and is now far be-
low positions to which an ambitious
young Democrat has right to aspire,
and to which the Democratic party
of Missouri loves to elect men of such
character and ability. Missouri has
many young Democrats with national
regulations and bright political fu-
lures, but none, we think, more
worthy of prefermeat than the gen.
tlemsn briefly referred to. On the
occasion of the visit of the delega-
tion this week to Washington to in
vite the President to St. Louis, Mr..
Cleveland was very favorably I'M
pressed with Mayor Francis. He said
to member of the delegation: II
certainly do like that Mayor of yours;
he impresses me about as much as
any man / ever met. He seems to
have SO much vim and energy
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
We are Sorry.

The Missouri river is still encroach-
ing upon Galloway lands, and it be-
gins to look as if Fulton should at
tach cable to the Insane asylum
and colleges in order to save them, as
they are the only institutions in the
town worth having.-Mexico LEDeER.
The above paragraph taken from
the Mexico LEDGER, is in the editors
vein. and is exuberant in sympathy
for Callaway's misfortune (?). We
are less apprehensive of ruin from
the encroachments of the Missouri
river than we are from the constant
collapse of Mexico's booms, or the
seismic disturbances produced by the
editors feet, which are said to be so
long as to be taken for bill boards
and as not to permit him to come
within "spe eaking distance of the
President.'' Whenever it becomes
necessary to save our valuable insti-
tutions by attaching cable to them,
we will send over and borrow the
phenomenal impediments. The ma
tural affinity between tue editor of
the LEDGER and Insane asylum is so
strong that all the water of the Mis-
souri, flowing steadily upon them
could not separate them when once
attached. With our our colleges it is
quite different. There is no affinity
between our facetious contemporary
and them. Our learned professors
did all that they could to civilize him
and tone down his natural predis-
position to exaggeratioD, but all in
vain. This abnormal propensity has
of late been supplemented by g. spirit
of envy at Fulton's quiet, but sub
stantial prosperity and intense bitter,
ness at the collapse of every boom
he has inaugura,ed. The "Big Mud
dy" may wash few acres of Gala.
way soil. but it will recoil at its ever
lasting hills and make just compensa,
tion in reaccumulation elsewhere, 80
that little, if any, loss occurs. Let
the Ishmaelite of the LEDGER learn
this lesson of charity from the de-
structive, yet restorative Tenderness
of nature.-Fulton Telegraph.
One thing is certain, neither food
nor wind will ever move the 1ele
graph. The Jefferson City Tribune
in speaking of the above matter
says:
If the Telegraph thinks that strip
of land three miles wide and thirty
miles long amounts to nothing, it ID
mistaken. The loss in CallawaJ
county this season has been enor
nous. The editor of the Telegrapi
does not seem to be well acquainted
in the southern part of his own couf
ty. In the future he must read tht
Tribune more closely and thus avofe
such mistakes as the above.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
OUR GAS WELL.
The Famous Trenton Limcstene. the
Gas Rock, Esw lBeIng Drilled
Through

Mr.. Miller, one of the gentlemen
who has charge Of the work of drill-
ing the hole on Flat Rock, was seen
by . LKDeER reporter Friday night,to
whom he explained how the presence
OF gas was FIRST discovered in the
hole.
sit was 5 O'Clock this morning.
be said. land Mr.. Gaily and myself
were pumping out the stun drilled
up the hour. before. When the FIRST
pump reached the top. I thought
detected the familiar odor--to my
self and companion - Of what
we call LAMA, or Ohio natural gas.
/ told Gaily we were certainly in
Trenton rock, in which gas 10 found,
but he laughed and said: oh, 1
guess not but / insisted and the.
next pump which came up was acci-
dentally spilled on the derrick floor
and strong odor OF the gas prcvaii-
ed the derrick house. Gaily then
saw that we were really in the gas
rock, and Mr.. Wolf came down in
the m6rning he wan given q smell,
and his verdict WAS the same 40
ours
"You have cased off all the water,
haven't you?"
"Yes, all the water is shut Oh, aSa
we are now drilling at far rate
through the pure white, hard Tren-
ton limestone, and the prospects are
fine for good dow Of gas.
"What would be the effect Of the
discovery Of q strong fow Of gasf"
"Well, you wouldn't know Mexico
in a month, that's ALL"
To say the least, the prospect for
striking heavy vein Of gas is now
extremely good. What gas has been
discovered is what 10 known as Lima
gas, and is the same as that found In
the vicinity Of Findlay and Lima,
Ohio, but is Of as good q quality as
the Pennsylvania gas.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1887-08-04
CHANCE FOR FUTILE TO EXPLAIN,

While Gen. j. NJ. Tuttle has been
busy making speeches in Iowa, revil-
ing President Cleveland and CRITICS.
ing his attitude toward pensions, ex-
posures have made in St. Louis of
the circumstances under which Gen.
Tuttle quit the army which demand
prompt explanation. While it has
been generally known that Gen. Int
tie did not serve to the close Of the
war, the reason for his retirement has
never been specifically exploited.
Capt D. V. johnson, an ex-officer of
the United States Navy, now living
IN respected retirement at st. Louis,
however, now comes to the front
with tale of official cupility en- the
pert of Gen. Tuttle that he says
ended that geDtleman's military Ca
reer.
Capt. Johnson's story, in brief, is
to the following effect: Early in '64
a Mississippi planter named Servis
had cargo of cotton which he wish
ed to ship to New Orleans for sale.
1t was valued at about 100000. A
regular permit for its passage
through the lines was obtained and
approved by Capt. johnson. When
the boat carrying it reached Natchez
the cotton was seized. Capt. john
san, who feared that be had some
how got himself into trouble by some
mistake, started for Nstchez to find
out what was the matter. When he
arrived there he applied to Judge R.
S. Hart, special agent of the United
States Treasury Department, TO
know why the cotton had been seized.
Hart said Tuttle had taken it.
johnson then saw Tuttle, who charg-
ed Hart with having made the sci
zure. This conflict of statement
aroused Johnson's suspicious, and
after having learned more facts from
Seryis he confronted Tuttle with
them and actually forced him to re-
lease the cotton, which was after
Sard sold in New Orleans for ovel
100000.
While negotiating with futile fol
the release of the cotton Capt. John
son put up ruse on Hart whereby
he nailed that official in the act o1
taking 5000 from Servis as a par
payment on $1,000 for letting th.
cotton go. The conclusion of th,
affair can best be told in Capt. John
sons own words:
i ssThe department of both Tuttl,
and Hart was so infamous that I re
ported the matter to Gen. Macarthur
Tuttle's superior officer, who begsI
an investigation. The investigation
went so far that Hart was arrested
and moneys amounting to over S100,
900. which he had accumulated il
sixty days, were restored to the own
iers, and Tuttie's resignation was ac
cepted. That was the end OF Tut
ties war career. He disappeared
land have never heard of him unit
this last Grand Army of the Repub
lie controversy was started.
4 Here seems a topic upon whicl
probably not only Grand Army mel
but the general public would like +
hear Gen. ruttle. The platform
clear for him to rise and explain.