davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

He Immediately ell GEN. 2. II. ELL.
tered tie Confederate service as colonel Of a
North Carolina regiment lie was actively
engaged throughout the whole war, having
speedily become major general and division
commander. He was brother-ialaw Of
Gen. "Stonewal," Jackson.
Te displayed good genernlsliip Sept. IA.
1861, at South Mountain.
On the map of Maryland will be seen three
short mountain ranges or spurs, running
slightly east of north from the left bank Of
the Potomac river. The most southerly is the
Catoctin, the next is the ridge called South
mountains, while west of that is the crooked,
short Elk mountain range They belong to
the Blue Ridge system. 1t WINS all about this
region, marching and counter marching,
tlodging through the mountain gaps, that the
Federal and Confederate fought the Maryland
campaign quarter century ago. Pleasant
Valley. often mentioned, is between the Elk
mountain and South mountain range. Boons-
boro is village near the foot Of South noun
tain. on its west side. Boonsboro is Thirteen
miles from Hagerstown, which is on the
northwest. s
The battle Of South Mountain, Sept. IA,
Yves a series Of short yet sufficiently bloody
tights around Turner's Gap, Fox's Cap and
Crampton's Cap. These were passes through
which tho roads crossing South Mountain
led. They were several miles apart, begin
ming with Turner's Gap on the north. Fox's
Gap wqe next, south of that, and south of
Fox's Gap was Champions Gap, towards
Harper's Ferry, f.f 3Tgefy
The famous Special order No. 19l" told
Mcclellan ce considered the possession Of
Harper's Ferry Of SO much importance that
he had tliviihd his army TO get it. att
Stonewall Iackson's command and Walk.
els division nad crossed the Potomac, JACK.
son above and Walker below Harper's Ferry.
Thence they we're to come together and take
the Ferry. AT 'fhe same time Gen Lafuy-
cite McIaws was to approach the ferry from
The Maryland shore and take possession oil
MARYLAND Heights, opposite the ferry, and
thence aid in reducing the town. lee him
self. with IongStrcets division, d. II. III 6.
rear guard. was TO he ut Bsonsboro OF
En~erstowii. w,i.lng til HarpeiAs Ferry WIS
reduced. J Z. d. Stuart, the cavalryman
was to send detrellInent Of his men will
Gems. Ioncrueet, Jackson end NcLaws
each. and tllcn with the main body Of lii
.cnpalry cover tho route Of .he- army and
~biin., u, all s.rugs her"
After captui ins <Inrp.r's FRY Jackson
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17
on ne RoFOmAc.
Campaign OK South Mountain
and tho Antiesar,.
M'cIELLAl7S LAST BATTLE.
Lees Invasion CT I1rryland
twenty-five Years kr..

How stonewaiI Jackson's Men Sang
"My NIsryiand'' On the Potomac
"The Lord Bless Your Tagged, Dir
soulsr'-Lee's Lost Dispatcil-Battie
OF tho Three Mountain passes--cap-
ture OF iarper's Ferry by the Copfssl-
erates-Tho sunIken Road at sharps-
bnrg-Duniser Church.
In the CONSERVATION that rtigned at Wash
ington after the second Hattie OF Bull Run,
Aug. 30 1869, IIalleck wrote hacty note to
Mcclellan, as follows: "You will retain tho
command OF everything In this vicinity not
temporarily to be Pope's army In the field
! beg Of you to assist roe Il, this crisis with
your ability and experience"
Mcclellan, ut tile time Of receiving this
note, was not ia command of anything 70
speak Of. His army llud been mostly sent to
Pope In Virginia. Iallecks order meant
that Mcclellan was to take command OF tho
defenses of the city OF Washington, and that
Immediately. .a
After the bloody fight OF ChantIl,y, Sept
l, Gen. Popes Union army--yhat was left Of
it--straggled into Washington, ragged, foot
sore, and half starved. They were allowed
to rest and pull themselves together again
for a few days within the intrenchments Of
the city. Meantime, Pope once more re-
quested to be relieved Of bis command md
sent back west His request was allowed
Sept. eturned bis face westward, and IFS
back on that eastern army which he believed
had never supported him sincerely. Many
OF his countrymen shared the same opinion
1t was declared that had Mcclellan hurried
Franklins aud Summers corps forward to
she support Of Pope, as he had been ordered
to do the Union defeat at tho second Bull
Run would not have happened. Horace
Greeley, In bis american Conflict" says so
In so many words lie writes: Had they
been there two days earlier, and had rorter
now and u en- condescended to obey an order,
that defeat might have been transformed
into q victirys j. M .s W.
At any rate, whosesoeyer the fault Pope's
bloody and unsatisfactory campaign was
over. His star in the east had gone down.
The eyes OF tho country once more turned to
Mcclellan. Those first years of the war
were, Oh the Union side, a desperate hunting
afterNgreat generals.
Sept. 2, President Lincoln and Cen I-al-
leck placed Mcclellan again of the head of
oil the eastern army. They personally called
nt his house and asked him to take command
again. The Army of Virginia was no more,
iugl The reorSScanized Army Of tue Potomac
rose upon lis ruins,
, The amy iis Washington having rested,
still formed rs fine a body OF fighting men as
need be- Rest brought back their old spirits,
recruits poured ii from all quarters, and soon
filled out the sleletonized regiments. Sept
Mcclellan led out of Washington an army
5000 strong a new campaign wns To re-
store tts confidence Of the country in her
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

Meantime, where was Leel
The war had UP to that time been chiefly
waged In what was regarded as Confederate
territory. Stonewall Jackson had long been
eager to change this tactics and carry the
war into Union territory Both he and Lee
had bcea8 casting an eye over Maryland.
Why not cross the Potomac into Maryland
by ono OF Jackson's famous foot cavalry
marches. subsist on the country aud threatc:;
Washington from the norths tfffTet II
There was feeling in the south that Mary
land, geographically, politically and socially,
belonged to The Coilfedelacy. The state con-
tanned many secession sympathizers 1t was
believed that the sightvf Lee and jackson
nni the stars and bars once within their bor-
der would rouse lalI the Confederate enthu-
siasm that slunbered in the breasts Of the
Marylanders. ttAft 0nin4
Gems Ice and Jackson resolved to invade
Maryland Ice issued q proclamation to the
people of that state, telling them that he was
coming among them TO aid them In throwing
Of. that farei,:n yo,se which had inflicted such
wrongs and uusrages upon the citizens OF a
common wealth allied to the states OF the
sonta is the strongest ties @n'tt
Col. Brasls,y johnson, a uonsclcrate Mary
lender. was aus aorized 10 get recruits for the
southern nrmy IN his native state. He invited
lis fellow citscns to join the Confederate
ranl~. I'VE have arms for you" he said.
.Iet each man provide himself with stout
mir az slsocs. a good blanket and tin CUP
Ja.:s,fs's ilisifhave no baggage
feoonly waited for D, II. hiifs brigade'
from Rici.nsan.l to join him. thus Increasing
lis lattle worn and storm beaten army sosae
rvls,.. then. September .. he pushed OF %
,vsr,ls the Potomac and the rCrta. 51c-so-
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

await REINFORCE CEN. JOSEPH HOOKER
ments. At O'clock they came pouring in,
Wilcox's and Sturgis' divisions and Hnrlan's,
Fairchid's and Gibbons brigadcs.
Cen Rockers division was sent to sweep
around towards the north and do up the fight
ing at Turner's Gap. 4e 4rf
Fighting Joe Hooker" distinguished him
self at South Mountain as elsewhere. He
was already major general OF volunteers,
and commanded the First division Of the
First army corps Durnside's. His name be-
longs to the whole country, but he was ma
two Of Massachusetts,, horn III 1915 He was
graduated at West Point in 1857, and entered
tie artillery. He served IN the Mexican war,
but resigned ut length from the army and
settled in California He entered the United
States volunteer service from that state in
1SCt, and was commissioned brigadier gem
eral lie was severely wounded at the battle
of Antietam on Shnrpsburg, which inime-
liately followed that Of South Mountain
Early in 1868 the command Of the whole
Army Of tue Potomac was given to him. He
held it about six months, then was transferred
to the west and served at Chattanooga and
through the Atlanta campaign. Gen.
! LOCKER died on Long Ilanl IN 1879.
Meantime, while the fetieiHl army was re-
ceiving re-enforcements at South Mountain,
the Colfedefates had not been left without
them. AT 3 o'clock I.ongstreet's division
came M. after hurried raarchfrom Hagers-
town. During the forenoon the Confederate
general, Hill, had had only five brigades with
which to confront nearly all Of McClellan's
slowly arriving army. When Longstreets
command arrived in the afternoon there were
fourteen brigad,s in all, Against eighteen
Federal brigades. with all the rest Of Nc
Clella,l's army in the rear.
le The first advance toward Turner's Gap had
been male on Saturday, Sept l3l BY Pieae-
oatonS cavalry. This apprised the Cenfoa-
crates that Mcclellan was close after them.
Con. Pleasontoii. however, ON that day merely
r,ndc forward movement and retired, per-
csiying Colquitt's and Garlard's Confederate
brisalcs at the Cap.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17


attached to McClellan's reorganized Army Of
the Potomac he commanded what was called
the kanawha division in Reno's Ninth corps.
At South Mountain Reno was killed and
the full command Of the corps devolved on
Cox. Gen. Cox was made major general
after The Atlanta campaign. At the battle OF
Franklin, Tenn, he rode forward with
drawn sword hi lis hand and rallied lis men.
He was governor Of Ohio In 1860 and United
States secretary OF the interior In 1869. lie
is at present engaged In legal practice In Ohio
and Is president OF the board Of managers Of
the Cincinnati university. He is a man OF
commanding presence and distinguished legal
and literary ability. He has written several
books and pamphlets on war history, one vol
ume being devoted to the Atlanta campaign.
Maj Gen. Reno, the Ninth corps COM
mander, came up to the scene OF the fighting
late in the afternoon, and had scarcely
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

ntiu. 1utlt. per
haps. is enough TO know He was born in
Pennsylvania in 1925 and az poiated TO West
Point when only II years old. Both tien.
Mcclellan and Stonewall jackson vera his
classmates at West Point He served with
distinguished bravery IN the Mexican war
and was wounded at Chapultepec. He was
assistant professor OF mathematics at West
Point for time. During bis brief career in
the civil war he came into honorable notice
whenever fighting was to be DONE He
served with the army in the east
Before the battle of South Mountain Lees
army was widely scattered. Mcclellan had
nearly 100000 men at his command, Lee less
than CO, 900 all told. Mcclellan recognized
the situation, and made known his intention
to acut tas enemy In tive and beat him In de-
tall Gen. Longstrset was at llagerstown
with his men, and between that and Harper's
Ferry, IN Virginia, Lees lines were stretched
out very thin. YVES sf#a
IL McClellan's army could pass through
Turner's Gap In South Mountain. he would
have Lees army really cut in two, the forces
OF Loi e treet and D. H. Hill being on his
right, the rest OF them, fully half, around
Harper's Ferry. Movement with oil speed
was demanded.
Sept IS, Lee heard that the Union army
was approaching Turner's Gap. Hill was
faced about to meet them, and delay them
until Lees forces could put themselves to-
gether again. Hill left Boonsboro with oil
haste, and marched up South Mountain to
| Turner's Gap. He reached the top in the
early morning of the 18th.
Another Sunday battle was that Of South
| Mountain. Fox's Gap was a pass through
which what was called the old Sharpsburg
road passed, and the next battle after South
Mountain was to be fought at Sharpsburg.
ii Gen. Cailands Confederate brigade met
Cox's advance at Fox's Gap Garland him
self was Lilled about 10 o'clock, CALAMITY
| lighting, and lis brigade routed He was yet
young man, end his death was greatly la.
rnenteG attlie south. seef gfgNamlHe
In the fight at Fox's Gap the advance line
cf Cox's brigade was the Twenty third Ohio
regiment, led by Lieut.. Col. II. D. Hayes.
4 - F
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

4Y ~ fHH W ~ WV " 81 #
went Erst, swsc1sng swiftly forward. f1e
fonls Die river at Point Of Rocks, thirty
miles lielow Harpers Ferry, and raised tho
Confederate flag III Maryland.
When Jacks ~ reached Musician eros Ing
the Potomac, It reused all the suppressed en-
ihusiasm OF his nature. He paused n mo-
ment gnzed across to the northern shore and
waved his hat His soldiers caught the move
Inent; clIeer on cheer rept tie air, the bands
struck up 'Maryland. My MnfJland,n and
ten thousand voices cnught the refrain. 30
the Confederate army entered Maryland,
Lee followed Immediately behind Jackson.
The Confederate army amounted 10 about
10000 men In al. They advanced swiftly Oh
the town Ct Frederick, Nd, reaching and
taking possession Of IL September 9.
"Tbe Lord bless your rugged, dirty souls"
snid a Jealous southern woman 20 Tao adj
vince. faaas.f 1sftfss 4Hlsll 4rf fus4f.i
The march had been SO rapid that thou
sands dropped by the way mud only OC,oOO
entered Frederick II there had been my
thing triumphant or spectacular In their ap-
pearance, had they come with waving ban
ners and snow white plumes and shining new
uniforms, they would lave obtained far more
recruits for tho southern army. The instinct
foi'the dramatic, the poetic and tile pictnr-
csqua, ever alive IN the southern breast
would not have been appealed TO In vain.
Tut Lees men, brave and tried soldiers
though they were, were dirty and ragged and
hungry. Many Of them he'd no shoes, and
marched with bleeding feet aud travel stained
garments. It was not very poetic, nei,hes
Inviting. The recruits lee and jackson had
fondly hoped for were rot obtained in any
great numbers. When it camc to
the scratch, Maryland seemed more Fed
eral than Confederate, yet IL wns at
Frederick that tho incident which gave
rise 10 Whittier's poem Of @Barbara Eriet-
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17


The Confederate brirnissof Drpyton, Law
q. T. Anderson and Hold, Of Longstreetb
division, after their arrival fronted Cox at
Fexs Gap. On the north. at Turner's Gap,
opposed - Hooker were tho lrigades OK
Robes, Colquiit, Garnett and several others.
At Fux's Gap The fight ragged all day. Al
farmers Gap 10 ragged only during the latter
part Of the afternoon Al both points tho
ConfcderiItes were beaten.
That 18th OF September was the day OF
mountain CUP battles Down at Champions
Gap there was yet third fight. The Cen
fcderatc general, Lafayette, McLaws occu-
pied Maryland Heights, opposite llarpat's
Ferry. IL was tue day before the surrender
OF tue Ferry. .-s4
but Cen. I.cLaws kept strict watch over
Champion Cap, il sicw OF the .sry cc:i
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

McInws and Walker were 10 Join The main
body Of the Confederate army at noopsboro
or Hagent0wn. At the time Of the battle Of
South Mountain Longstreet had already gone
Oh 10 HaSestown with his division, having
only d. II. Hills rear guard at Doonsboro.
lie marched back, however, IN time to finish
the battle OF Sept IA. The first attack was
made on Fox's Gap By uen. J. ID. coxs divls-
ion at 0 a n. h qal4i feaf
Jacob d. Cox Is native Of Montreal, Cam
nda, born IN 1923. 10 Is, however, Of New
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

GEN. nLAws, @. \ A. through Cramp-
toms Gap at daybreak next Inorning.n He
was twelve miles away. II The march had
been made that night the fate OF battle might
have been changed. Franklin wcuid have
passed Crampton's Gap without opposition,
nlld thus been safe between the two parts Of
Lees army on tho north and south As 1t
wns be reached the Gap about noon OF the
18th. The Confederates were fully apprised
OF his movements by that time, and McLaws
had sent Gen. Cobb with three biigndes 10
meet him. There was bloody fighting for
three hours. Franklin und lis men defeated
Cobb, gained the crest Of the Gap and passed
beyond aud westward down into Pleasant
valley, between South mountain and Elk
mountain. Hva ff
Gen. Lafayette McLaws rendered efficient
aid to the Confederates throughout the whole
Maryland campaign. beginning at the siege
OF Harper's Ferry. He also distinguished
himstlf at FREDERICKSBURG and Afterwards al
Gettysburg. Gen. McLaws was Georgian
and a graduate Of West Point in 1872 lfc
served III the Mexican war. His active fight
ing life continued through the whole OF the
civil war, and he surrendered finally with
Leo in 1869 fU Ia9t sHf
In what may DO called the three Gap fights
OH Sorth Mountain that Sunday, September
II, 1859, the Federals were In every case act.
uhlly NlcborlOus. lJut ttie sIThLcklcl VlcLOfy
YVES all Oh the side of the Confederates
That tlay gave time for Lce's scattered forces
TO begin TO get together again, d. II. Hill
says that he was Fighting Tor tinev all thai
bloody day. lie gained 1t. II Mcclellan.
army had crossed the passes even one day
earlier Harper's Ferry might have been saved
TO the Fedeials, and Lees army would bavs
found it impossible to reunite
South Mountain itself IS rot a single peak
but one long, unbroken ridge, continuing
many miles. At its summit near Turner'S
Gap IL point called the Mountain House.
From this elevated position The Confederate
general Hill gazed on tho approach Of Nc
Clellans army In the valley below. Far as
the eye could sec In the distance, the march
ing men came on, column upon column. III
was grand and glorious spectacle say,
Gen. Hill; HIhad never seen so tremendous
an army before. did not see enc like it az
forwards"
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

aud to write his
memoirs OF them.
! lie was born IN
South Carolina IN
1871, graduated 1t
West Point In 1912,
and served in the
Mexican wcr. AT
ter that he resigned
and becnrilc q pro-
fesscr Of rnathe-
mates. When the
civil war began be
was principal the
military as;itute
at Charlotte, N. q.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

reached the battle
field when he was
killed. The Con-
federate Gen. Hill
says q shot from
the Twenty-tliird
North Carolina
did 1t. OF Gen.
Reno little Is
known, now TWEEN
. ty-fvc years after
his I eath. He was
a gallant soldier
and fell on tho
-.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

CHEZ occurred.
We have the nu-
thority OF ihe his
toi-ian Losing that
there really was a
Barbara Frietchie,
and that she died IL
1884. She is sal,
to bo buried D!
Fred erick. She
lived in n quaint Of !
b ouse near Tic
bridge ct Eredcr-
ick, and was 81
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

The despotN heel iscn thy shore. es
AIary4andi my Mlfy.and.
Lis touch Is oAEtlly temp door, ~ .9A2 NY
Maryland my Marylan,li 49,
Aven-e the patriotic gore, III
That hccked the streets OF Baltimore, 49,
And lie the battle queen of yore, IE
Maryland my Marylandi sHs
hear the defiant thunder hum, @ s4s
gMafylGnd my Maryiandi I'M II
The Old Lines bugles fife and drum, g
Mary and my Maryandi
She Is not dead, nor deaf nor dumb;
Hurrah. she spurps the northern scum;
SIZE brcathcs She burns, she'll come, ile II come,
Maryland, my MARYLAND!
So the devoted southern poet. James r.
Randall had sung some months before, and
the song was on every Confederate tongue
Eentepabar 1872. q Ns
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

Lieut.. Col. Hayes
'lame aftcrward be-
..ame more familiar
TO his countrymen.
The place OF Gar
lands Confederate
brigade was taken
half an hour cfter-
wards by that Of
Gen. Geo. D. An
derson. 1t in turn
was repulsed by
Cox. who then fell
back from his adj
xrnrafl poeition IN
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17

England May
flower stock. He
studied law end
practiced his pro-
fession In Ohio till
the outbreak Of the
war, with an inter-
mission as state
senator. lie Joined
tho Union army
and shortly became
a briga,!ier general.
IIc did famous SER
vice In West Vir-
rinin After l,eiiip
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17


Clclian's army
should seek to pass
IT. The road
through Crarnp-
TOMS Gap led west
ward directly TO
tie Potomac river
Mt tho town 1t
J Eillianispor't. Nd.
On the evening
Of Sept 10 Gen.
w. u. Franklin
hal been ordered
10 move his corps
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1887-09-17
MARYLAND, MY. .MAR'iLANol

The despots heel iscn thy shore e
Marylandl my Maryland.
T-ir touch, IL an hxr fasr,, N L. d.sss,. ts
The Ouachita telegraph. [volume] (Monroe, La.) 1865-1889, 1887-10-01

flower. The flower, stalks put up and
form flower on the top. WhenSth;s
dies down, and is to all appearance
gone, about the first of June, the leaves
put up and remain till The fall, when
they disappear again and nothing is
seen Till the flower stalks makes jts APP
pearance again in the spring.
Among the new rare lilies is named
tue h'emanthus, or blood lily, and II is
said to be impossible to overrate the
beauty and grandeur of this genus from
South America.
Plant your bulbs deep more damage
is done by putting the bulbs nesrsth he
surface of the ground than can u i'm
agined. They flower better, are more
protected from both cold and heat.
DaIia root, should be packed away as
soon as the tops are dead. -----
The Ouachita telegraph. [volume] (Monroe, La.) 1865-1889, 1887-10-01

Japan presents u wonderful exaln-
pie rs to how tho soil can be utilized,
With an area Of 100000 acres,
about equal to that of California, the
natives have reduced agriculture to
such scientific principles as to feed and
c!othe 3S,00O,0O0 people, besides yield
ing 4O,0OD,0OO pounds of tea, $4,000
bales of silk, and large quantities OF rice,
tobacco and hemp for export. or the
whole population &c, 900, 600 belong to
the agricultural class. The soil is
black Vegetable mould, wonderfully
fertile. There are few domestic anil
mals, but the Japanese supply tho
place Of barnyatd manure with bran,
seawccd nonOedibfo fish and lime. Rice
il the great summer crop, and wheat
is grown on tho same land i'll winter.
The latter is boiled like rice or made
into cakes, bat bread is unknown.
Grains are ground with small hand
mills, precisely like those used by the
ancient Egyptians. Every sort o!
vegetable is grown, aud al least 100
food plants, unknown to us except ms
weeds have been dnmCsticatcd in Ju-
pan. Male and female laborers can be
hired Ivy tho year for $l5 or $50, bu,
tho purchasing power IF money is far
greater than here, and the habits OF
the people are simple.