Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1887-10-13
SOUTHERN AGRICULTURAL.
Cotton Picking.

the first fall month, is cotton harvest
ing. The fruition of the cotton plant
er's hope of successful. practical
machine for gathering cotton is yet in
allegiance, and the work must still be
done by nimble human fingers. In
ventors, however. are earnestly at
work seeking to solve this great
problem. Cotton picking by hand is
by far the most expensive operation in
volved in the production ofraw cotton.
Moreover the cost of nearly every
operation, except picking, may be
reduced in proportion as the
yield per acre is greater. There
is practically but little diff
ference in the cost per pound of gath
ering by hand the crop from an acre
producing one thousand pounds of
seed cotton and another acre yielding
only half rs much. Hence, the SUI
preme importance and universal desire
for a practical machine to supersede
the work of the hand. Such 4 machine
must necessarily be so constructed-to
be efiicient--that its daily capacity
will be almost in direct proportion to
the yield per acre.
Much has been said and written of
late years about the Importance of
gathering cotton free from trash, to
use the farmers vernacular; and some
of the writers, although right in the
main, are evidently but little familiar
with the requirements and conditions
that must be practically met on a
cotton plantation during the harvest
ing of the crop Some years ago an
apparently otherwise intelligent En-
glish writer undertook to show that
there was no excuse whatever for the
presence of sand or soil in the bales of
cotton; that the cotton crop opened
Gall of it, was his idea) in September,
n month in which there was little or no
rainfall. He concluded, and reproved
and lectured the farmer accordingly,
that the sand was fraudulently added
by the farmer as make-weight
While it is desirable to house the
cotton as free from leaf and hull as
may be, it is of first Importance that
the crop be "gone over" as often as the
quantity open at one time is sufficient
to enable hands to do fair days work.
In the interest of economy, and with
limited picking force, celebrity of move
ment, nimblel ess of fingers and the
weight of cotton gathered per hand per
day are the points to be observed. The
pickers should not be embarrassed and
retarded in their work by too rigid re-
quiremcnts in the matter of trash.
They should go with rush from the
start, and every proper encouragement
should be offered them to bring heavy
baskets to the steel-yards. A little
trash hurts very little; good
deal does not affect the SELL
ing price seriously, if the
sample is bright and free from wealth
CT stains and dirt. Great care in re-
moving or avoiding trash may add
half cent, or even more, to the SELL
ing price tf weeks work of six
bales harvested, leaving three bales
in the field to be storm-beaten and de-
stroyed to the extent of one-third its
original value, before the hands get
10 work again. Fast work and a little
more trash might have saved the nine
bales before the storm.
The same idea applies to picking
the cotton clean from the hulls. Hands
should be taught to make one we'll
directed grab at an open boil, and
then grab the next. The little that
may be left in many of the hulls will
remain until the last picking, when the
field may be closely CLEANED. 1t should
be considered that dirt, stains, loss of
color and brightness of sample, and
loss of cotton from falling to the
ground, are far more damaging than
the presence of clean trash.
1t was one of the excelencies of
David Dickson's farm management that
he studied the manual operations
of the farm in detail and taught his
laborers how to do every thing to the
best possible advantage He not only
studied to discover the shortest and
best way Of performing a given opera
ton, but also sought to determine
which are the most important details.
He taught his laborers as a shoemaker
or machinist teaches his apprentice.
He stressed the Importance of dexterity
hnd skill in every detail of the appar-
emily simple operations OF
chopping cotton and picking cotton.
His attention to the details of per-
forming the various farm operations
contributed largely to his success as a
farmer and planter.
After the cotton is picked, if wet
from heavy dew or rain it will pay to
exercise some care in drying it, by
spreading on scaffolds or distributing
1t over large surface in the cotton.
house. especially that from the bottom
of the basket when heavy dews are
prevailing. with the present labor.
however not much cotton is gathered
before the dew disappears.) With the
larger part of the crop now ginned
and baled at custom ginneries, there
should be a much greater improve
ment in the quality of the work over