davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Fork and spoon,

Whether the fork ought to be used in eating
all sweets, except custards, or whether it il
better to use "A spoon where slipperineSs is an
element, furnishes one of the battle grounds
of writers on etiquette, In practice some
people hunt their ice, for example, with q
fork. Some stiyk their trident into Jelly, at
the risk of seeing the whole thing slip off like
an amorphous, translucent snake. The same
with such compounds us custard puddings,
where it is "A feat of skill to skewcr the separ-
ate morsels and small sea of juice is left on
TIE plate. This monOtonous use Of the fork
and craven fear Of the spoon looks like mere
Snobbery, says good authority. 1t is well
known English axiom that the fork is TO be
used in preference to the spoon when losSible
and convenient But to use it when scarcely
possible and decided announcement shows u
very great fear of Mrs. Grundy.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Dining In NnnitY Fair.

There was an exceptionally elegant dinner
party in Vanity Fair one night last week.
The tablecloth was Of white satin edged with
lace, and across the center, forming an y,
were blue plush Scarls with fringe Of gold.
Four silver stands with branches on all sides,
which, however, were not Symbolcal OF
family trees or genealoGy, held fruits or corpu-
lent candles, on which were colored silk
shades. The china, glass and silver ware was
exquisite, possibly remnants of Eugenie's
pantry, and at each plate was favor that
came from a most noted silvelsmith and
iewcler. There was music by an orchestra,
concealed" as usual, behind a screen OF ex-
pensive flowers, and when the finger bowls
came they were Of hammered silver, filled
with perfume, on which iloated, of all flowers,
violcts! Subsequently n "hired woman" read
poetry when the company had adjourned to
the drawing rooms, and large bouquets of cut
flowers were brought for the ladies to carry
home with them. ut cost 81 900 If 1t cost a
cent" said a man of calculating turn of mind
who was present.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Old Ten.

The following is taken from an om manuscript:
January 18th Ia, then rcckoned with st,
and 10 balance all our accounts and there was
due him in old ten 50 lis. M" Please tell me
what is meant by odd ten" sometimes, though
rarely written old teunors OsAAR.
At the commencement of the last century,
owing to generalization of silver in France,
the heavy silver coins rapidly disappeared
from circulation in Great Britain, only the
light and worn ones often - per cent. below
the Standard remaining. The government
undertook TO recon the entire remaining and
worn silver, and to make 1t full weight with
out raising its value This only facilitated Its
export and rendered its circulation more diff
cult at home; the real value of the coins
being 50 uncertain that the guinea tluctuated
in price, MS measured by silver, from 2ls I'd.
to 30s 1t was therefore, i'll lI14, declared
that silver should no longer lie IA tender, ex-
cept by weight, beyond f25. The amount
due, as YOU have stated, was to bc paid with
out reference to this, or in accordance with
the old tender.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Caroline HerscheI.

Please tell the date Of Caroline ierschels birth,
the chief events OF her life and much as posi-
Bile about her character CONSTANT READER.
Born in Hanover. March 10, 1850. Died
there Jan ~, ISIS. In her 2?i year she went
to England to join her brother Sir William
Herschel, and assisted him in astronomical
calculations Between 1875 and 1905 she dis
covered eight comets, being the first observer
of five. She contributed largely to her
brothers works, in his name, making the
original observations of several remarkable
nebuln in his catalogue, and computed the
places of 900 nebuln. In lG'S she pub
lished her catalogue Of stars taken from
Flamstead'S observations. After her brothers
death she returned t. Hanover, In lSe0 she
completed n catalogue of stars and nebulp
observed by her brother, receiving therefor a
gold medal from, and an election to the Astro-
nomical society of London. She was modest.
patient, devoted TO Il fixed purpose. and to
her brother, to whom she was AS nee 1ssary at
home as III the computing room.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE.
Facts, Theories and Experiments In
Every Day Lie.

Dr. Hulmann, OF Germany. lecturcd re-
Gently on the dangers of living in new houses
According to him, the close fitting OF new
doors window sashes and floors prevents the
entrance OF fresh air from the outside, while
the moisture in the pores of new plasterinF
obstuctS the Transportation of air through
them. For these reasons, together with the
consumption of oxygen and formation OF car
bonic acid in inhabited rooms, he recon-
mends that no dwelling be occupied till its
walls are thoroughly dried, which may take
a year or two. To hasten the process he ad-
vises burning charcoal in the rooms. The
carbonic acid thus formed changes the
hydrate of lime in the plastering TO carbon
ate, and sets free the water Of hydration
which fills the pores OF the plasterinG' until
all OF it evaporates. Other authorities, now-
ever, rate the danger OF new house less high
than does DR.. iulmann, provided efficient
ventilation is supplied.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Don't bc Afraid Of COLI. Air.

Many persons are afraid OF cold air,
especially at night They shut themselves In
close bed rooms where their systems arc
poisoned and gradually undermined by
breathing the bad mir. The benefit of air TINT
is cold Us well as pure has an enthusiastic
advocate in DR.. Oswald He claims that the
remedial influence OF fresh air is much in
creased by low temperature; so much III
creased that colds are, in fact, more durable
In mid winter than in mid summer. Cold,
according to DR.. Oswald, is an antiscptc and
n powerful digestive stimulant. Dyspepsia,
catarrh and fcvers of all kinds IAN be frozen
out of the system. Not by letting the patient
shiver in a snow bank, but by giving him an
extra allowance of warm bed clothing, with
the additional luxury Of breathing Ice cold
air which, under such circumstances, "be-
comes as preferable to hot miasma, ms cold
spring water to warm ditch water The
best brain work, according to the authority
quoted from, can be done in n cold room.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
ALL AROUND THE HOUSE.
Up Stairs. Down Stairs. In Kitchen and
In the Ladies' Pnrlor.

An excellent way to dust room is to begin
with the walls. Pin Tor tie several thicknesses
OF cloth over broom and sweep the walls
down thoroughly, leaving at the same tm
all the doors and windows open. This matter
of sweeping the walls is an important one; II
you dont believe il examine the cloths after
the cleaning has been done. The walls swept
down, il is next in order to wipe of with a
damp cloth the backs of all the picture
frames and the tops OF the door and window
frames Al least once every week get good
draft, which will carry the dust out OF the
window; then shake the curtains and beat all
the upholstered furniture, FOR these are prime
sinners in the matter of harborng dust,
The window sash, sill and glass ought all
10 receive attention. Remember that room
is not thoroughly busted until all the furni-
ture, wool work and gas fixtures have been
cleaned Rooms that are thoroughly swept
aud busted once every week require but lit
tie extra labor when that grand and very
troublesome household upheaval, known as
"house cleaning" occurs.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
The iIiiayunS.

Were there any such women rs the Amn1ons'
Did they live on the banks OF the river Of TINT
nance MARY ID.
Ancient historians question the existence of
the Amalon7 They were said to exist long
before the River Amazon va, discovered, in
the country adjoining the Cau"a~ns A ma
ton of men called ia" Gurgorcan~, inhabiting
an adjoining country, separated by n range
Of mountains, were the talho"o of their chill
dren They sent their male children TO the
GargorGeans, or put them 10 death. The fe-
male children were trained in war, hunting,
riding and agriculture.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
yentiiation without Draught,

The following cheap and simple method has
been found very satisfactory in solving the
troublesome problem-how to secure fresh air
in a room without exposing the inmates to
draughts. Nail or screw neat strip of wood
from one to two inches wide-upon the
window sill just inside the sash and extending
across the window Upon the top of the strip
fasten n piece of weather strip" so that there
will he formed an air tight joint between the
weather strip and the lower sash OF the win
dow, whether the latter is closed OF raised al
inch or two. the lower cross piece Of the sash
sliding Oh the rubber of the weather strip as
the sash rises. With this fixture the lower
sash may Ike raised enough to admit air be-
tween the lower and upper sashes without ad-
hitting the least air at the bottom Of the
window. The air thus entering is thrown up
ward and has its "chill taken OFF, before de
scending upon the heads of the occupants o.
the room.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

The cotton dresses being prepared for
spring and summer wear are mostly of
Scotch ginghams, satteens, lawns and mus
Inns, trimmed with embroidery, velvet and
the corded and looped edge ribbons of smooth
silk in preference to those of satin or velvet.
The waists Of these dresses are basques, or
else round waists gathered to a belt, while
some of the French models are polonaises.
The basques are shaped like those of stuff
dresses, with darts and side forms, though
not made TO tit SO snugly, and are lined
throughout sometimes with the dress ma
teria Cbeing merely doubled, or i'll other
cases with a plain, solid color of that
material if the goods are at all transparent,
while the close sat:eens have colored satteen
or thin slesia Innings that are sometimes sup
piled with whalebones, and finished in
every way as silk or wool dress would
be- The gingham and lawn basques are
made with reference to the laundry and may
be without lining or with it, as tie wearer
chooses, aud should have the seams pressed
open and overcast The shirred hasquoS will
be worn again, with shirring just in front OF
the throat, or else along tue shoulders, and
again at the waist line in back and front.
Plain basques are short all around, but are
pointed in front and have two box plaltS be
hind. Their trimming is open patterned
embroilery, set Oh as a slender shaped
vest, with narrow revcrs of the embroidery
beside it. The collar is turned over and
straight, a. are the cuffs of the coat sleeves,
or the wriSthand of the shirt sleeves, which
are again suggested The edge of the basque
has in it embroidery shaped to a point in
front. wider "a the hips, and quite wide i'll
the back, where it passes under the pos
tilion pleatS. \ short square bow of ribbon
is on the left side of the collar, and larger
bow with ends is on the waist line in the back.
Small pearl buttons, nearly fiat, with eyes i'll
the centre
The skirt and its drapery are attached to
one belt; the skirt is gored as any foundation
skirt is, hemmcd plainly, or finished with
foot pleating, and has a cushion bnstle and
steels If the appearance Of a full skirt Is
desired, there is fall of the material, or OF
deep embroidery sewed with scant gathers or
plated around this skirt, and the drapery is
hong enough to conceal the upper part of this
fall which may be half yard deep, or
deeper if required. The overskirt of the
dress goods falls in a long pointed apron, with
the point turned underneath, and has square
or rounded back breadths with the top droOp-
ing down from the belt in points or burnoose
folds. The long, round overskrt will I've worn
again. as it always is, simply bemmed, and
caught up ON the sides to suit the figure of the
wearer. either in long slender funnel shaped
plaits. or for a slight figure with full folds on
the hips; this oversight is liked with very
plain lower skirt made Of straight fall
tucked above a hem, or with rows OF insertion
and hem instead Of scaIlops -Iarpers
Bazaar
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
Scraps of science, History, Philosophy
and General Information.

VIII you answer the following questionsi
I. Why is the term "positlyism" applied TO tho
Comptist philoSophys
= What was Rants religious beliefs
s. Has the pcSSmism OF Schopenhauer many
advocates in America,
g. DID Shakespeare intend 10 represent the
madness of Hamlet as real or fcigacd' W. IF
/. The principal foundation stone OF
Complies philosophy is that man cannot know
causes and is only able to refer phenomena
To their general laws Of existence or sue
cession. He overlooked the religious or sent-
mental side OF human nature-in other words,
considered only tie positive.
.. Kant reasoned faith in God, freedom
and immortality, the now birth through the
Saviour, but made the moral element
supreme.
3. There can be no estimate put upon the
followers of any philosopher, in the United
States.
4. Commentators have debated this qucs
ton for years. No ono but the writer Of the
play could answer it.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Good Housekeeping tells how TO make
breakfast mullins: To make breakfast muf
fins, sft with twelve ounces of flour two
hcaping teaspoonfuls of Rumford'S yeast
powder and one teaspoonful Of salt; add
gradually "A cup and a half of milk and two
ounces of butter melted, but allowed to cool
before adding. Mix smoothly with wooden
spoon or the hands Beat whites and yOlks
of two eggs separately; add yoiks, then
whites Bake Immediately in muffin rings
This makes about one dozen delicious mullins
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
SIeen a Preventive ,f Disease,

People have very generally learned the les
son that natural sleep is the best medicine of
the sick A scientific writer now calls atten-
ton to its power rs n preventive of disease.
He remarks, as an instance, that sleep taken
at the right moment, VA prevent an attack
of nervous headache. If the subjects Of such
headaches will watch its coming, they will
find that it begins with Il feeling of WEAKNESS
or heavness. This is the time the sleep of an
hour or even two, rs nature guides, will eff
fectually prevent the headache. If not taken
Just then it will be too late. After the attack
is fairly under way, it may he impossible to
get to sleep till far into the night.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Card Itiuuette.

Turning down, the upper righs hand corner
or end Of a card signifies that one has called
Ia person.
\ visiting card received stands for cali OF
courtesy. Its acknowledged by call o. by
sending ones card in return.
When making a formal call, a gentleman
asks If tie ladies are at home II they ere
not, lie may leave one card for each, or one
for all Custom varies on this point
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Anxiety about the patient, the confinement
and the fatigue of the sick room, all combine
to rob n nurse of appetite. Still, as matter
of duty, the nurse should take light nourish-
ing food at stated intervals and never go
near q sick person while feeling exhausted
Always take something before entering the
sick room, after absence for rest or exercise
This is most important to both nurses and
visitors of the sick, especially in infectious
cases, and materially dimnishes the chances
of infection
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE.


Manners and Customs Practiccd In 20.
lite Society.
There are many people well fitted for the
best society but for ignorance of points OF
table etiquette, which, though trit!cs i'll them
selves, are. on the whole, of infinite import
ance For instance, where these requirements
are not known, il n general cessation Of con-
versation should suddenly occur upon serving
the soup, would there I've silence in the placei
Not at all; the gap would be filled with a
continuous bubbling sound from the mouth
of some uulucky wight whose mother never
taught him to take soup properly. Fortu.
nately, a little instruction and observation OF
the table manners Of the well bred enable one
to overcome failings like these. No one need
be put to disadvantage by them long.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Did Gen. Lee surrender under an apple tree'
Did he give his sword to Gen. Grant. q. A.
Gen. Grant gives an account of the surren-
der, in his memoirs, stating that the agree
ment was signol in the house of Mr.. Nc
Lean, at or near AppOmattoS court house.
There is Il stury that Gen. Lee offered his
sword AMI Gen Grant declined TO receive it.
There is no truth in the story.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

There is n slang phrase used 10 express excel
lence When any thing is regarded very hac, ii is
common in Sian pariance 10 say That takes the
cake" VIII You p!casc c&pau how the EXPIRES
sion originated and what IL means. &
Amonc tine coIorcd people at balls and
breakIowus il is customary 20 introduce what
is cali.l Il cake walk The men choose part
ncrs alI tlc couples walk around the room
infusiu, into their motion, all the grace and
elcgan for which the gro rn"c Is noted. a
priz,u 1,a,c is awarded TO the pair which
is p.u.. ~ D.. tLr i,-ss g. Larc walked
the flo. D.. .G' most 'ua.,. aud UI,.c fash
ion
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
How to Make Snow Cake.

Collect the following ingredients: Three
fourthS Of a cup Of butter, two cups of sugar,
one cup Of milk, one cup of corn starch, two
cups of flour, one and onehalf tea>poOnfuls
Of baking powder Mix the corn starch, flour
and baking powder together; add the butter
and sugar alternately with the milk; lastly
add the whites Of seven eggs; favor to taste.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

A very pretty and tasteful table decoration
where the housewife Is wanting in silver and
fine glass service, and Yet desires to make n
display, consists of n low, tiarlng basket OF
light workmanship flied with flowers and
their foliage An attractive center piece may
he made by lining basket with fine green
leaves and then filling in with seasonable
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Ink stains, when fresh, can rs Il rule be n
moved from cotton and linen goods, and even
from carpets, Il Immediately washed with
cold water. Patience and perseverance are
required, rs the water must he many times
banged and the rubbing and linSing con
tmued until every trace VI the stain has dis
appeared 70 remove II dry ink stain, try
dipping the part stained in hot milk and
gently rubbing 1t, on cotton and linen fabrics
this VIII llsunlIY Snrceod
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Lennon Cure for HoarsenesS,

Hot lemonade taken just before retiring,
is well known remedy for cold IN its first
stages. Everybody is not familiar, however,
with the lemon cure for an acute attack of
hoarseness. For this purpose first roast a
lemon in the oven, turning it now and then
that all sides may be equally cooked. 1t
should not crack or burst, but he soft all
through While the lemon is still very hot,
cut piece from the top, fill with as much
sugar as it will hold and eat on going to bed.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Serving Pinennnlc.

A cool way TO serve pineapple, especially
when a little tough, as is apt 70 BE- the cas-
with this fruit at the north, is to cut it into
dice, saturate these with sugar and a little
wine if desired, and pile them up in glass
dish, with row Of sponge cake slices or
LADY fingers around the sides.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Michigan Land.

viii You please state who is land commissioners
for the state of Michigan, and his address, Can
homestead land in Michigan: EDWIN Il.
Roscoe D. Dix, Lansing, Mich. ANY citizen
of the state over II years old, not already
owning forty acres of land, may homestead
not to exceed eighty acres of what is known
ms swamp lands, and may buy an adjoining
eighty acres.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

In giving dinner party it is very essential
to hostess to know exactly how many guests
she is to entertain. Any doubt Oh the 81. .ject
is a serious Inconvenience. The roni lent Of
an invitation should, therefore, reply at once,
either accepting or declining. Tho answer
should not be delayed more than day at the
utmost.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
Anne ISradstrCet.

Who was the first American poetcss' @
The first published volume 10y any Amerf
can was by Mrs. Anne Bradstrcct, the wife
of Simeon Bndstrect, one of the early gov
ernors of the colony of Massachusetts, The
volume was published in London in 1850. A
more complete edition was Published IN Bos
ton in 1918
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
The Capitol.

How did the District OF Columbia and the city
OF Washington derive their names! s, N.
In 1871 commission was appointed for the
site of the Capitol of the United States. This
commission directed Maj L'Enfant, who was
designing ma Of the district, to coll It
Columbia and the city Washington
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

what israr on; Of thet.rn rs ancc'

TUa' I|TI' on. n INC t-T| IT T-|"0F
p
"Tr-.l ...n' ..erc the iui gifts who fought IN
tie Gun. .uur such fashion rs ioeay or
John ..a Int in the war O.. the rchel
lion. But aacy the Crusad,s they iii not
at liz. ,.' parti-an leaders of ihc south and
become Sool citizens. They sold their ser.
vices 20 tue rpbber barons OF the middle age4
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Bring sailed water, to which little milk
has been added, to a boil. put in the
onions and boil just enough to make them
sufficiently tender. Then place them iii a
baking pan, salt, pepper and butter each one
and pour very little of the liquid in which
they were boiled over the bottom of the pan.
Let them brown quickly in the oven and
serYr hot
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
('atlay.

To what country does TeDnyson refer when he
says:
Better nifty years OF Europe than n cycle OF
Cathay:' EMILY.
Cathay was an ancient name for China.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02
BROOCHES AND BAR PINS.

One Stimulates, with small gems in gold
setting, star and crescent, which, by the by,
is a very popular design. The other brooch
consists of gold horseshoe with a clover leaf
in the center. This is also a favorite design.
The remaining trinket is bar pin set with
small brilliants If lady can afford but
one style of pin it is advised that she select u
brooch, a. the probabilities are that another
season the bar pin will be nearly if not
quite out of fashion.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Do not spit upon anybody's floor, whether
carpetel o. harr
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1887-04-02

Earrings are e-ain fashionable.
Wiarus. (Winona, Minn.) 1886-1893, 1887-03-17
Anleryka.

RYCERZE PIRACY. w
Minuesocie znajduje sic 20 900
Rycerzy Piracy. - Chicago po-
siada so, 900 zorganizowanych
robotnikow. = Robotnicy ul,-
czni W Chicago pobieraJa teraz
20 cEt. ma godzin9' = Zoch-
ont przykrawaczy W Flladelfi
trivia daley. Ost-zezono wszy-
stkich przykrawaczy. by tam
ME poszli. = Chicagoska IRA
des and Labor Assembly" u
chwall1a obfozyc bojkotem
wszelkie fabrykaty, wyrobione
W domach karnych.
- Xompania kolej konnej
ia a Ave. W Nowym Yor'';u
usuneta wszelkie niebezpie-
czehstwo strajku, podpisaw wszy
roczry kontrakt z dystryktowa