Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1887-02-05
Commerce In Connection With
Transportation Facilities.
FEEDERS AND OUTLETS
Conditions Requisite Co Secure Efficiency
of transportation to Every City-Balti-
more Marine aud Railway Advan-
tages-The Distributes Trade of
acknowledgements From
the East, the West and
the South.

ton should be in very close alliance, ana
although it is not easy to lay down any special
method of cementng them, it is unquestion-
| ably true that their intimacy and the spirit OF
their cooperation tend largely not only to pro-
/ mote the growth of the one, but to insure their
mutual welfare.
1t must, however, be submitted that three
conditions are requisite to secure efficiency ID
| the feeders and outlets of city.
First-They should afford unbroken railroad
connection with the territory dependent upon
and tributary to it. Should this communica-
ton be imperfect, or become estranged or dis
connected, the relationship will thrive indif-
ferentIy, and the city will find that the hold
upon its sphere of action relaxes, and that the
coveted or the once possessed trade is beyond
its reach. or is being diverted to more capably-
served or more powerful rivals.
Second-Transp lines should be suf
ficient i'll number to afford free outlet for and
well adapted TO secure economical handling Of
any surplus of crops which naturally flow to
or is attracted by the city, as well as for the
marketing of manufactured articles originating
within its own boundaries.
They should be, in the case of a CITY of the
first Importance of the highest efficiency.
They should pursue the shortest route to the
seaboard, and thus to foreign countries, and by
their superiority promote Interchange OF com
merce abroad, and with the interior-mutually,
the recipient ana Tile QlSpenSGT-lUe Gil QlTeCl-
ing the operations
Third-Transportatio lines should be not
only aggressive, and their interests i'll sympa-
thy with those of the city, so as to maintain its
commercial supremacy in Its own territory.
but they should be so extended as to push be
yond this area to obtain trade from the terri
tory OF competitive cities.
Railway Transportation.
Baltimore quickly realized the inadequacy of
means of transit to the growing West, and de-
termined TO compete, as her natural right, in
the construction of the Baltimore and Ohio
railroad, for the advantage sought by New
York in the construction of the Erie canal.
This railroad. begun IN 1923, was finished to
the Ohio river in 1853
Between the years of 1850 and 1860 the con
struetion and development of Eastern and
Western trunk lines was rapid, though the
economic transportation of through freight
over all rail lines had not become perfected.
This development was arrested by the war of
states, at the close of which, III 1865, it imme
diately took new life and has since that time
progressed. year by year, to q marvellous ex-
tent. In the natural competition that fol-
lowed, conceding our greater proximity to
Western points equivalent to an advantage to
this market of about one-third, or as 66.S to
a 100, New York has argued that to lift our
4 freight over the mountain this adj
II vantage would be counterbalanced by
Il the ease of her level grades. But Nature
Il is full OF compensation and the mountain be-
i'll the neighborhood furnish the means of
overcoming this obstacle with such lavish
hand that the fuel has only to be picked TIP
and made available. On this route the co Al
can be had at 80 cents per ton, that coniman, Is
at the seaboard from $3.50 to $500 per ton
This advantage is demonstrated in the item @ /
operating expenses of the Baltimore and Obi
railroad, being remarkably less than in thu !,
case OF either the New York Genital, the Ere
| or the Pennsylvania Railroad Companies
| LII was tins principle of OrOXinlitV alone
that finally, through the Advisory Commits
| slon in the year 1882, composed OF the Honor
ables a. q. Thurman. Elihu B. Washburn and
Il. NJ Cooley established for Baltimore differ
entails, inadequate though they be- in her
favor, which restored peace temporarily, and
| gave FAIR promise of securing immunity from
frequently recurring wars between the Eastern
end Western Trunk Lines. The five lines ter
lminating at the river front in this harbor
reach the following states directly, and all the
states and territories by close connection
Baltimore aud Ohio Acknowledgement
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio,
Kentucky, Indiana. Illinois, Missouri Iowa,
and the West, Northwest and Southwest.
Northern Central and Pennsylvania Rail
roadS-Alaryland, Pennsylvania, New York,
Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois. Missouri
Wisconsin, Michigan, and Western and South,
| western States.
PHILADELPHIA, Wilmington and Baltimore Rail .
road-Marylund, Delaware. Pennsylvania,
New Jersey, New York and all the New Eng
land States and the Canadas.
| Western Maryland Acknowledgement
| Pennsylvania and the Shenandoah Valley Of
! Virginia.
Baltimore and Potomac Observation-Disclosures,
| Virginia and the Carolinas, Georgia,
Alabama and Florida. This line. how
| ever, is not utilized as an all rail
freight line with the states named No freight
is shipped beyond Danvilie from Baltimore hE
| this route. This also connects, through tlss
| Virginia Midland road. with the Chesapeake
and Ohio railroad for Virginia, Kentucky and
| Tennessee.
1t Is probable that the Western MARYLAND
railroad will, at no distant PERIOD by extern
sion, reach the Vanderbilt system, and thus
open another avenue to the West, while the:
Baltimore and Ohio road, by its Philadelphia
and New York extension, offers another indie.
| pendent line To the East.
Baltimore possesses one of the finest harbors
| on the Atlantic coast, and ships from all ports
| find easy and cheap access to it. As its
| ample the transportation lines by rail
and water, therefore, reach every state and
| territory, also the Canadas and Mexico. and
every section of the foregoing traversed by
| freight lines, ALL 10 certain extent, are trib-
ntary to Baltimore. This must be recognized.
not only in the distribution of her imports OF
coffee. iron and copper ore, hides, foreign
fruits, sugar guano and salt, but also in that
of her home manufactured products, such,
especially, as cotton duck, canned goods,
machinery clothing, manufactured tobacco.
| fertilizers, shoes, woolen, cotton and straw
1 goods, which are distributed from this market
over the entire northern portion of the con-
tinent.
| Review of the Distributive Commerce of
Baltimore.
The distributive commerce of Baltimore,
consisting of goods jobbed drawn from the
manufacturers or original dealers located
throughout the country, including those in our
own immediate vicinity, is a com merce so
natural in its movement as to work out for it.
self an area clearly detined-one in which the
interests of Baltimore exceed those of any other
city.
This area is comprised in three sections--part
Of the Middle, all of the Southern and South
western and parts of the near Western States.
In this field Baltimore has competition from
three ~ sources-the East. the West and the
South. That from the East is subdivided into
two classes first, that from Boston, New York
and Philadelphia, markets of the first order
second, that from Norfolk, Richmond, Will
mington, Charlotte, Charleston, Colum bia
, Atlanta, Macon. Savannah. Montgomery, Mo
bile, New Orleans and Memphis, markets of
the second order. which latter apply 10 the
Southern States only.
The first area of importance to Baltimore is
located in the States of MARYLAND, including
that part bordering on the Eas tern Shore of
the Chesapeake bay, the District of Columbia
part of Delaware, southern part of Peunsylva,
nia and Virginia, comprising far Psnpsylyapis