Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1887-07-30
NOVEL USES OF PAPER
Building Of Paper Boats and Making
Of pGper Gar Theeis-An Interest
ing Process OF Manufacture.
The Real Service of PapNr Gar Wheel,
Straw Lumber and It's Uses.
Bags and BCxes.
!. z Bowker in Harper's Magazine.

paper is the building OF psper beats.
under the patent, recently expired, of f.
Waters. These boats are made Of an
ortinsry manillG paper Of good quality,
usually il five thickneSses, in all one
sixteenth of gu inch thick, except in
parts where there is the enforcement
OF one or two extra strips. I22 process
II making them is simple. Tie cost is
something above that CT wood. Not only
is travelling by water Indebted to paper,
but travelling by land. paper car
wheel seems even more contra
diction Of terms!shar paper boat, yet it is
now generally acknowledged to be better,
safer and longer live than one altogether
OF metal. 1t was the invention Of Rich
ard II. Alien, q locomotive engineer, eff
terwsrd master mechanic OF the Cleve-
land and Toledo Railroad who took for
his sim IN life the production of better
car wheel than those in use.
1t is the body of the wheel only which
is of paper The material Is calcndered
rye straw "board" or thick
paper made ct the Allen C0mpauy's
mills. This is sent to the works in
circular sheets e twenty-ore 70 forty
inCEes in diameter. Two men standing
by pile Of these rapidly brush over esc6
sheet Gn even coating Of dJur paste until
o dcIsd gre pasted in a layer. \ third
man transfers these layers to a bydrsuic
press, where pressure Cf 800 tons or
more is supplied 20 Z pile IF them, the
layers being kept distinct by the ab-
sercG Uf paste between the cutter sheets.
After sclIdifying under this pressure for
two hours, the twelve sheet layers are
kept for C week in drying room ct 100
Fahrenheit; several Of these layers are in
turn passed together, pressed and dried
for o second week, and still egsin these
disks are pasted, pressed and given
q third drying OF whole mouth.
The result is circular block, containing
from 40 20 100 sheets OF the original pa
per compressed to five a1d half or four
and c half inches thickness, ard solid
ity, de2sity and weight suggesting met2l
rather thsn liber
The ''paper wheel" IS made up Of this
disk OF compressed p4per, surrounded by
steel tire end fitted with a cast iron
hub, which is bored for tue axle, wrought
iron plates protect the paper disk on
either side, and all are boIted together by
two circles OF bolts, one set passing
through ti2nga Of the tire, the other
through f4nge of the hue, and both
through the paper center and it's protect
ing Plates.
Tne real service of the paper is in in
terposiDg vibrating substance be-
tween the axle ard the tire, 50 that the
vibrations, which in some unknown way
re&rrange the atoms OF metal so that it
brittles and breaks after long wear, are
prevented. Nature always provides some
way Of wearing things out, whether it be
man, lest he lag Supefti1ous on the stage,
or the "eyerlastiDg hills" themselves, but
il the case Of cOmpi5 SSGd paper, art seems
TO nave got ahead CT nature, for It seems
not TO wear out ct all. The steel tires CT
these wheels do wear down, aud are
then returned in lathe 10 smaller
diameter; but Waen they gre gone and
are taken of, the paper block appears
again as good as new, aud ready for
new tire. The paper wheel has the one
disadvantage of greater cost, but Its
longer life and greater safety are in its
favor.
"Straw lumber" so called, is similar
application of paper for building pur-
poses; it IS used, not FOR posts or beams,
but in place of lath and plaster, for
shesthing. etc. An ordinary "stra1
board" paper is made on the cylinder
machine - the refuse bedding of
stables being very largely utilized
es the material and is run
through vat of resin end other
waterproofng material heated to $50 f.
A namber OF sheets are then placed to-
gether between metal plates, and sub
jected like the Car wheels to enormous
pressure in a hydraulic press. The result
is very hard and solid blaCkish board,
about three-siXteerths CT an inch thick,
which can be cut with sew or chisel,
sad is marketed in slabs twelve feet by
thirty-two inches, at price of about $40
per 1000 feet. This is now in use also
for the interior of railway cars aud for
perforated chair seats Building pa
PERI OF the ordinary sort is coarse
paper straw or waste used for
sheeting or lining wooden houses
1t was put TO good use Immediately
after the Chicago fire, when western
paper company liGed the 10000 houses,
1920, which were run up to accommo-
date the homeless, with this material, at
a cost of SIS for each house.
The conducting quality of paper
has caused curious development In
America of the paper box industry, so
that the lover of oysters may "take home
q fry in box" to keep il hot, or brick
of ice cream to keep it cool. The Chi
nese and japanese are said TO make pa-
per clothes, and their handkerchiefs
7 and napkins are well known to US, but
American achievements in this direction
have been confined chiefly to paper col.
lars, cuffs and "bosoms," sometimes
with g backing CT cloth. which may be
pasted on after making, but which is
conj0ined with the paper at some mills
! by Keeling the cloth of parallel with the
weD Of paper, and pressing the two per-
msnently together between rollers.
The use OF paper bags and paper boxes
| by shopkeepers has reached enormous
proportions, and the latest product of
/ American ingenuity is "self.opening
| bag" completed automatically from the
web of manila paper by machine on
which It's owners have been at work for
eight years. This is folded fat as it
comes from the machine, but single
dexterious flap with the hand opens it
into an absolutely square cornered
| bag which will stand upright
on the gEocer's counter to be
| filed. Paper buckets, barrels and other
household utensils are either made py
| Joining the edges Of 8 fat sheet into g
cylinder, or by stamping GU. the form
from the paper pulp, which last was the
basis OF the pspier msche of old days,
which was nodded into the desired shape,
coated with successive layers of asphalt
varnish, and polished down. Paper pulp
is also used in one process Of stereotyp-
Ing to make matrix for the type metal.