davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
BOUI.IgNY HEIRS
Denied Application for 75.st0 Ar,.s'
of land


Of Land.
Secre AIRY Lamar today denied tho
application made on beh II Of the
h,irs of John +. b Iulisry Tor certih-
Gates OF location, amounting 70 75 $40
acres, in satisfaction OF tbe our.six,h
part OF the private land claim ( ono
D'Aureive, confirmed 10 said heirs by
the act OF March 2. 1867. The act re-
fened TO confirmed the claims Il di-
reoted the commissioners OF the gem
eral land ofiice 10 issue the certificates
Of location. Twenty.eight DAYS there
after, Congress passed a joint resolu-
ton suspending the execution Of the
conhrmstory act, which restitution
still remains intact. II was urged In
behalf Of the claimants that the Joint
ret 'ution 10 uncor stitutional, and
that the Secretary OF the Interior
should 90 declare II. This the Secre-
tary declined TO do, holding that the
courts are the proper tribunals 10 de-
termine the consiitutionalliy Of ar act
OF Congress.
Commissioner Sparks, OF tho Ge n
Land Office, has received letter "a
q public land entryman In r. n
Colorado stating that the drou e
already greatly damaged the ere IN
that section and that II II cont Us
much longer the crops will be n M
plete failure; that insects have le-
etfoyed the growing vegetables aud
that there In absolutely no feed for
stock. The entryman states that his
neighbors are forced 90 leave their
holdings TO obtain the necessities OF
life and asks II this absence will opsr-
ate 10 defeat their claim when 4 al
proof In offered. The Commission re
answer Ia important ms indicating
policy Of the General Land Office n
respect 10 these cases, OF which 10
stated there are q large number In I.
ierent parts OF the West. 10
Commissioner says: "The 10
tressing siiuaiion you have u.sn-
toned appeals 10 my strongest SYM
patty In favor Of actual settlers on the
public domain who are suffering from
drouth and loss Of crops, and whatever
relief may be- possible In the discretion
Of this ofiioe will be extended 10 ena-
bic them 10 preserve their claims. Set
tiers who are Obliged 10 leave their
claims on account OF the drouth should
bo prepared TO account for their ABB
sence from this cause when they make
hnal proof, but In such cases proof
should not be offered until the Law has
been fully complied with after their
return 10 the land. An enforced ABB
senee on Accoun, OF climatlc reasons
will not imperil the claim, II the fact
10 established when proof 10 made,
aud II proof is not attempted 10 be
made In advance OF the time when the
residence, Improvement and oultiva-
ton required by Law can be Satlsiac-
tofily ahownh
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
National asf.rs. Union Co..eii.

MANCHESTER, July 6.-The annual
council Of the National Reform Union
was held here today. Toe reports read
congratulated the members on the
fact that despite the action Of the dis
sentient Liberals, no branch Of the
Union had seeded. Mr.. Charles Ef.
nest Bohwann (Liberal), member Of
Parliament Tor North Manchester,
was elected president Of The Union for
the ensuing term. Tie speakers At
the meeting referred 10 the fac that
the Union was tempered In lie cam.
paign against the Liberal. Unionists on
account Of tbs lack Of innds.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07

Opposition % tho Pro posed Tax.

VPpOsr"" 70 w" FFVpOHt" TN.
PARIS, July 6-The committee OF
the Chamber Of Deputies having in
charge the measure imposing tax on
foreigners residing In France, today
heard N. Fallieres, Minister Of the In
terror, a'sue In opposition to the pro-
posed tax. He raid he preferred
measures calculated 10 establish the
identity OF foreigners resident In
France The committee decided In
favlr Of the ~ cution Of the m saeurs.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
Germany Preparing 20 RetaIiate.

Germany Preparing 20 RetaIistc.
The North Ge man Gazette, referring
tothe French foreigners tax bill, says
the moment seems to have arrived for
Germany to consider whether all the
anti.German measures which are
being carried out in France, should
not, in fully reciprocal manner, be
enforced in Germany, especially in
Alsace.L Lorraine.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
THE MORMON ARTICLE
A Fisud and . shsns, OssiitisE Un.
lawful Consolidation.

sALr LAKE, u. T., July 6-The III.
buns ed.torially rays: "rhe Mormon
article, pretending TO abolish polyga.
my, lisa fraud and q sham. II omlts
unlawful cohabiiation, the most preya.
lent and offensive feature, being con.
tinuous living In polyssuiy, and all
that Mormon would need 10 do In
order 10 live his religion, would be
10 quietly marry polygamously aud
Keep the knowledge OF the fact from
oblTusiyely offending q Mormon pros.
eoutlng attorney Tor three years, and
from thereafter he could live In tbs
most shameless and indecent polyga-
my, with neither law nor constitution
10 say him nay. He would also be-
backed by the Church and dominant
sentiment, and the constitution would
he laughed 10 scorD, a. the church
progimme contempla,es."
Tue Itib~ias contrasts this move
with tie declaration ~ grievances and
protests made by the Mormons two
yeau ago, unfolding polygAmg ne .
true church doctrine, aud complaints
Of legislation against II AZ Infringing
on the lights OF conscience. Delegate
Caine presided at the Meeting At
which mis- was adopted and signed Il
o. cha fman. He also presided al this
c0nbtl ullo1al convention. The same
Penons aud the same power ordaIn
both then and now-then In earnest,
nos parad ng Tor effect aud With an a..
tempt TO deceive the public. II ad.
mllied a. q State the priesthood would
have II all their own way.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
ENGl.AR ID.
Gladstone Answer. Harrington.

Gladstone Answers Harrington.
LONDON, July 8.-Mr. Gladstone
today wrote letter to the Marquis Of
Harrington in answer to his reply to
the ex.Pfemiei's speech Of last satur-
day. In this letter Mr.. Gladstone rays
he deemed II his duty 10 refer in his
speech to the differences which exist
ed bets cen him and Lord Harrington
on the Irish question when they were
members Of the same government.
"Unlees these references were inaccu.
rate" says Mr.. Gladstone. "the Mar.
quis OF Harrington is answerable for
any inconvenience attending such
retrospective references. II they are
inaccurate, l will willingly consent tn
the publication Of anything dsems d
necessary 10 show It," 10 conclusion,
Nh. Gladstone reaflirms the statements
he made Saturday.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
Tie Arrest Of MIS-. Cas..

LosDoH, July Elm the House OF
Commons today, Mr.. VIM. Henry
Smith, the government leader, re.
ferhns 10 the action Of the House last
nisht In the Cas- case, said the House
acted under the wrong impre, sion,
that the government was opposed 10
an inquiry In the matter. II was the
duty OF tbs government 10 instliuts a
full and impartial inquiry TO establish
the truth In connec Ion with the Or.
rest Of Miss Cars.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
GERMAN NJ.


LEIrsIo, July Gin the trsa,on trial
to-day the Proourator demanded nine
years 81 hard labor for Klein, Ave
years for Greb,rt and the acquittal Of
Efhart The Pfocurat Jr declared that
II was Necessary that the trial should
be public A. only publicity would ~.
lutte tbs ASPIRATIONS and exaggera,ions
Of the French press over the Sch naebe.
lea incident The trial, he said, had
brought to light the fact that the
French frontier police not only ooun.
tenarc'd treason, but incited H. Judg.
ment will be pronounced upon the
prisoners Friday,
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
Disseminated with the min,.sry.

LosDIs, July 6.-The conduct Of the
Government over the CAss affair has
caused discomfort even among the
warmest supporters Of the mini stry.
The explanation made by Mr.. w. III.
Smith In the House OF Commons was
heard In the chilliest silence except
when he announced that the Lord
High Chancellor would institute q
thorough inquiry into the matter. In
consequence OF the feeling In the Con-
ssrvntivs Pany Mr.. Matthews has Of
Tered 10 resign the Office OF Home Sec
Rotary. He has been requested, how
ever, TO remain In Office until the cloee
OF the present session OF Parliament.
Two nights will be allowed for the
debate on the third reading OF the
crimes bill. II the opposition en-
deavor TO prolong the diicuaslon the
Government will move that clolure be
applied.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
MANY BuILpIyGs BuRNED
In the Town of orsf,op. W. Va
500, 900 Lost,

CINCINNATI, o, July GA special
from Grafton, W. Va, says a fire
broke ont ihere yesterday In build
ing In La'robe street, and before Il was
checked totally consumed. With almost
all their contents, twenty.oight build.
ipee, including two Of the largest ho-
telr, two furniture stores, two drug
stores, two millinery stores, the Sand
ard EHiuprise newspaper office, one
hardware store, ons iewelry store, ono
clothing store, number Of other
stores, Offices and private dwellings.
No organized Ere department exists
here, and only by the hardest work on
The part OF the cit zibs was The fro
finally controlled.
The total loss will reach nearly ilOO,.
0C0. aud the insurance is only about
$4,000. The IRE 10 Iuppssed 70 DO Of
inrendiafy origin.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
Crushed Go Death.

MONTREAL, July "a man named
peuault was iouud dead In a field At
Coo st. Louis yesterday. His head
had been crushed IN by stone weigh.
ing City pounds. Two men nam 4
Dopre ana Chailette have been A.
rested on suspicion VI being the muir.
dercB Of Perault, ~ tie deceased had
been drinking with them and Dupre
bad made threats 10 the effect that he
would kill Peyrault.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
AUSTRIA.
The New Tsrret shin I

vienna, July 8.-The new Austro.
Hungarian turret ship Kronprinz
Rudolph was launched today q. Pola,
on the Adriatic, In the presence Of the
Emperor and the Archduchess Marie
There ,a. The latter chrlstened the
vessel. The emperor, In the address
he made, dwelt on the event nuspicious
for the navy, and said he wss con.
ftent that II the new craft became en-.
gagged she would add triumphs TO the
fame OF the Austrian navy.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
CAPITAL NOTES.

The Treasury Department has do
cided that an American weasel, which
arrived at New York with a cargo Of
6ah caught OF thu coast Of New Found
land, u exempt from ths continued
supervision Of customs Off GERS on tho
ground that chs did not clear from
l1reign port and because her cargo was
free Of duty.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07

the last successful session Of the
Reichstag, to the results Of which the
gratifying elections in Saxony greatly
contributed, he felt a lively desire TO
give his satisfaction visible expression
by comforting upon the delegate from
Saxony this high honor.
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07
Coun, I,ohen,h.I ,,o,o,.a

Emperor William has conferred up.
on Count Hohenthal, plenipoteniiary
from saHony In the BundsEralh, the
order Of the Grand Crots Of Prussia.
In the letter accompanying the dis.
tinctlon, The Emperor says that after
The Memphis appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1886-1890, 1887-07-07

PALPfrAriog or TuK HRARr, san.
yoUsSEia, trembliDgs, nervous head.
ache, cold hands and feet, pain In the
back, aud other forms OF weakness are
relieved by Catter's Iron Pills, made
specially Tor the blood, nerves and
complexion.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
NOTES AND GOSSIP.

THE Boston Papyrus Club has con-
tributed $500 toward building Walt Whit
man cottage.
EX-GOVERNOR PATTIsoN Of Pennsylvania
is 10 be the president OF the Chestnutstreet
National Bank OF Philadelphia, which was
authorized to begin business yesterday.
THE name OF the new steam yacht which
Norman l.. Munro is having built at Bristol
is to be the "Now Then.n She is to be 81
feet long, 10 feet beam and 50 inches draft.
"TnERE goes man like" said Colonel
Redbeek to John Alexander, yesterday.
"He's the right stamp Of man" "Why,
who is he'n "lnc postmaster."-[N. Y,
Star.
Miss HiroSE says she shsn't take
"Puggyn to the beach this summer lie
barked at the wrong time the other day
and spoiled a proposal New Hayen
News.
THOMAS BALL has lust completed at
Florence, Italy, large statue Of 2, +. Bat
mum, The statue 10 a mark OF esteem
rendered Mr.. BarHum by his partners in tue
show business.
AMONG the notable contributors to the
Mdgdsine Of american HSiory Tor July are
Justin Winsor, Geueral p. st. George
Cooke, Hon. Horatio kiug, John VI. Bishop
and DR.. Albert Bushnell Hart.
THE State University of Michigan, at
Ann Arbor, will celebrate Its flftleth auni-
versary this month. Justice Miller of the
Supreme Court aud Senator Palmer are on
the list OF speakers Tor the occasion.
Mrs. AMANDA DELMAR of 81. Mary
Parish, La, one Of the most Intelligent aud
successful raisers of sugar in the State, has
been elected to full membership In the
Louisiana Sugar Planters Association.
GOVERNOR BARTLETT of California has
been seriously III for several weeks at Har.
bin Springs, Lake County, and is not ye,
out Of danger. In case of his decease, Lieu.
tenant-Governor Waterman, Republican,
would succeed to the executive Office.
HENRY PRoBAsCo, the Cincinnati mil.
llonaire, who is 20 years of age and owns
the finest residence In Ohio, is to be mar
rled on Thursday to Miss Grace Sherlock,
eldest daughter OF Thomas Sherlock, the
great steamboat owner. The bride Il
about 80.
The Crown Princess OF Germany, Queer
Victoria's ilrst-born child, is a sensible, do
nestle and highly cultivated woman, ant
although most excellent wife and mother
Il said never TO have been free from home
sickness since she was married 90 years ago
She is now AZ years OF age.
AMONG the veterans who are to be in New
Haven tomorrow are G. A. II. Commander
iu-ChIef Fairchild, Department Commando
| Taintor, General W. 4. Sherman, Lieuten
ant-General Z. II. Sheridan, Maior-G enera
A. IL. Terry, Brigadier General A. W
Greely, Admiral ID, d. Porter, Senate
| Hawley, General Horace Porter and tn
| Rev Dr Genroe q. Rod.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

THE War Department here is In re-
ceipt Of advices from General Howard
TO the effect that only sixteen Apaches
are off the reservation. A dispatch
from Tucson of contemporaneous date,
noting the arrival Of General Miles,
says there is every indication of pro.
longed war. There is never any lack
Of misinformatiun as to the Indian
troubles in Arizona.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

The latest gag" of the Lon lon
Times is to make 1t appear that the
Pope has no sympathy with Mr.. Par
nell or the Irish bishops who support
him. Then why doesn't the Pope sub
jcct his Irish Bishops to disciplint2 1t
looks as though the Times in It's efforts
to down Parncll were overreachiug It.
self
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

In APPEARS by documents In the
Morse department of the American ES.
hibition in London that America was
discovered, not by Christopher Colum.
bus in 1902, but by Left Erikson, an
Icelander, in 0s5. Here's chance at
last for William Euclid Young and the
New York Exposition. Let the books
be opened at once for Millennial Ami.
versary celebration In 1885.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
rNtr H.

IN II pleasant bower at uoontlle, whCra Il
streim'ci onward flows.
The music Of IL ll'tlo voice will lull me To ru.
pose,
Wien sumbers llrht steal DER me, I'll dream
of UldCu days;
When ioylug In The greenwood, there sported
cltn fuys.
When trisht and lovely ladies, each with
their own true knight,
Full oft wond 20 a'rdiug on palfreys fleet
and white,
mifth;
The knlghtly plumes all waving, while glad.
some smiles the earth.
When onward und still Onward, the cayaloade
draws near,
I'll start, awake, and listen, and therall fall
upon mine ear,
Not tho tinkllng Of the little bells, but the
waters as they pass
Not tho waving Of the knlghtly pumes, but
the wind that stlrs the grass.
-IDublln University Magazine.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
MARSHALL HALL.
PROPOSALS..
of the INTERIOR.

hEPNNTWENTO OF INC INTENIUN,
~ Washington, June II, 1857.
SEALED PROPOSALS wilt be received at
the delivery at the wharf of the Government
Hospital for the Insane of 5000 feet Virginia
pine, unseasoned, Sxsin. .xl6 feet To be dellv-
delivered at the same whaif, during the pres
ent summer, at such times and In such guam
Titles US the superintendent of the Hospital
may elect, 5O1 perchcs, more or less, OF Poto-
mac River blue stone, one-third Wheeling
and two.tbrds rnbble stone.
Proposals will be addressed "'rho Secretary
of tho Interior" and marked Proposals for
Stone and Lumber, Hospital for the Insane"
The right Is reserved to reject any or all bids.
II. l.. MULDRON
Acting Secretary,
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

THE Citizens Committee held an
important meeting last night and
adopted rules and regulations for the
order of business. II was decided,
among other things, that the Commit.
tee act as uni, In whatever matters
pertain to the public interests, and that
the delegates of no single association
be permitted TO act individually or
independently, OF this THE Critic
will have more to say presently; but we
consider the rule wise and essential
one
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
CGNFECTiONe RY.

ERAEK SHORTY, Fine Confection-
IL cry and exquisite ice.cream FOR dinner
parties, weddings and receptions. Whole
sale and retail.
ss5I | desire to inform my patrons that
can supply them with the most delicious
goods, III any quantity and at the shortest
notice. Schedule of goods and prices OF all
my confectionery can be had by calling or
sending postal to i3l Goth st W.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
DRoPosAIs FOR SUPPLIES.
sAITnsoSIAN ISsriTgrlos,

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
WAHlINGrOS May "a, 1881.
SEALED PROPOSALS will be received until
IL m. June "a, 1881, to furnish supplies to the
L. S. National Museum durllg the llscll year
beginning July i, 1857, and ending June 80,
1883, of the following classes Cases, drawers,
etc, chemicals and chemical apptaruus, glass,
hardware, iuo, lumber, paints, oils and
lancOus supplies. Awards Will be made only
to established manufacturers Of or dealers In
tho articles, The right Is reserved to waive
OF bids. blank forms with specifications for
proposals, and tulther information desired by
intending bidders wi!l be furnished on appll-
cation at this Office,
G BROWN GOODE,
Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution,
In charge National Museum.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
II ROPOSaLS FOR MISCELLAN-
L EpIfs SUPPLIES

HITAKTNLNT OF TIIE TNTEINOK.
NAsiIlSGTON ID, q June /, 1887.
SEALED PROPOSALS will be received at
this department until II o'clock noon,
WEDNESDAY, June -, 1857, for furnishing
Miscellaneous supplies 10 the Department of
the Interior during the fiscal year endlng Juno
80, 1888, cOnsistiI Z OF broOms brushes clocks.
hle-lOlLers, portfolio drawers, soaps, hard
ware, chairs, carpets, desks, dry goods, lum-
ber, forage, etc. Proposals must be made on
saly instructions, will bo furnished on appl-
cation. II. l., MULDROW,
Acting secretary
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

pendent voting In the South. AS for
the Democratic party at the North, 1t
includes the worst elements Of society
"anarchism, nihllism, whiskyism, and
all the other isms." Sheridan and the
Shenandoah Valley appear to have
turned the Generals head.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

GENERAL 7, L. RossER says In late
Interview at Minneapolis that he has
very poor opinion of the Northern
Democracy, and he has an idea that If
Sherman is nominated by the Republl-
cans there will be good deal Of inde-
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

THE domestic relations between
King Milan and Milady of Servia, are
still an unsettled and troublesome ques-
tion. Hence the position of Cabinet
Minister in that country is not to be
particularly desired, as the Cabinet is
really the court before which the di-
vorcc case Is to be tried.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

PRINCE BISMARCK is not so well, and
nowhere are the bulletins Of his con-
dition watched with more interest than
In Paris,
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
THE nIAIDEN's HOME.

Now, listen, gentle nolner, and unto you I'll
tell
The happy, happy home where full faln
would dwell,
FART T.
A pretty Cottage Ornee, with pretty little
hall,
A pretty lit q drawing room, pretuer than
all;
\ dainty. little porch, entwlned with Ivy
round;
A dainty little tfelIls, areaghlns to the
ground;
fairy footed page. TO open me the door
All dressed In ulue aud oliver, with buttons
tull n score.
A dar,i lulo dog To gamble on the liwn;
A darling II Tic pony, u hittun A. ii q Ia Ylt;
A love little rarden, 10 spend the summer
hours,
AIerding Of the gay and beautiful young
iuWeTs,
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

THE Cincinnati EHquiyCr Is con.
WINGED there never was anything in tn.
Grand Army ''racket" ut st, Louis,
excepting "the spiteworls Of few
misguided individuals. That's about
the size Of It, and for The President t1
give up or defer his intended visit to
81. Louis on any such account woull
he big mistake We trust the thought
has never entered his mind. He will
be received with an open handed, big
hearted Western welcome, and-our
word for 1.-THE veterans of the Grand
Army will be at the front of the pro.
cessiOn.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

WIN. L. CHANDLER, the new Sena'
tor from New Hampshire, is bright
lawyer and q smart fellow. AS they
say up yonder. he's as "keen as
briar," and us politician he stands Mt
the very top Of the heap, Some folks
say he's safer man to tie away from
than he is TO lie 10, but Chandler is MOI
In the habit of going back on his
friends. In fact, he sticks both to
friends and enemies with great tenacity.
Whether he will make useful Sena.
tor or not depends altogether on
whether he Is able to let politics alone
long enough at time. There is no
question about his ability.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15

Dir. McGLYNN has decliucd to make
any appeal to Rome for reinstatement.
We were little surprised that he
should have entertained the idea. Let
him wait a while nor compromise his
independence by begging favors of an
authority which he processes not to
rccnrniZe.
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
REAL ESTATE.
THOS. G. HENSEY,

Real Estate and Insurance Broker and Gen
eral Conyeyancor,
iOOG Street Northwest,
BUYS, SELLS AND RENTS REAL ESTATE.
A few choice lots In Forest Glen, that
charming suburban resort, will be sold at
companys prices,
The Washington critic., 1887-06-15
EXCURSIONS.

EhCUHStUNS.
DAY RIDGE. BAY RIDGE.
JUNE 10.
SUNDAY NEXT. SUNDAY NEXT.
And Daily and sunday thereafter trains will
BAY RIDGE, BAY RIDGE,
The Queen Resort of the Chesapeake.
DAII.Y & SUNDAY. DAILY & SUNDAY.
Railroad runs direct to Pavilons.
FAST TRAINS. AMPLE ACCOMMODATIONS
Trains leave u. aud o. Depot during week
at o15 a. m, 4:l5 p m. and 5:l5 p. m. Sun
days at 10 a. M, ., 8 and 1 p. m
GREAT MOUNTED SWORD CONTEST,
THURSDAY, FRIDAY AND SATURDAY,
JUNE %, 81, 20.
CONTESTANTS:
Duncan @. Ross, Sergeant Walsh,
Capt. Garriques, Capt p. st. Clair,
Capt. Xavier Urlofsky.
ROUND TRIP, ROUND TRIP,
81 81 81 ONE DOLLAR. 81 81 81
Q. X. LORD, Genl Pass. Agent.
w. NJ. CLEMENTS. Manager.