Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1887-08-05
THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.

tine Republic with marked liberality. Civ
ing it mighty rivers and watering it at
the same time with tributaries for the
most part more or less navigable. these
are natural currents that seem to be des-
tined some day to transport to the mar
kets of the world the rich and varied
products of its soil multiplied and trans
formed by labor and industry. The
country abounds in fertile lands which
produce spontaneously or with very
slight cultivation all the marves of vege-
tation, and on its immense plains or PAM
pas Craze millions of heads of cattle of
all kinds and races, the result of selection
from and mixture with many breeds.
Every year thousands of European emf
grants landin this highlyfavored country,
attaining during the year 1856 the num-
Der of 10000.
This vast territory lies between % and
80 degrees south latitude and ~ and -
west longitude: its extreme length being
$500 miles and the average breadth IA
little over 800 miles. and the total area
exceeding l,200,0 square miles. This
area represents eight times the area of
France and ten times that of Italy or of
the United kingdom. The capital of the
Argentine Republic is the town of Buenos
Ayres on the right shore of the River
Plate. 1t contains 100000 inhabitants.
The fourteen States (called provinces)
enjoy. like those of this country .independ-
ent governments They elect their own
governors, Legislators and other author
tiles without interference of the Federal
government. and are represented in
Congress by two Senators each. and one
Deputy for every 1000 Inhabitants.
There are also ten National Territories,
and the Federal district. where lies the
capital that is under the jurisdiction of
the National government. The form of
government is like that of the United
States. The Federal Congress consists of
two houses, the House of Deputies. form
ed of eighty-siX members. and the SEN
ate with thirty members. very much sim
liar in their constitution to the Congress
in Washington. the executive power re-
siding in the hands of President elected
every six years, assisted by five secreta-
ries. The President since the 18th of
October, lss6. is Doctor Miguel Juarez
Celman. and the ministers selected by
him to actas secretaries are the following:
Interior-Doctor ID. Edwards Wilde:
Foreign Relations-Doctor ID. Norberto
Quimo Costa: Finances-D. Wince>lao
Pacheco: Justice and Public Instruction
d. Emilio Posse: War and Navy-Gen-
eral j. Racedo
Among the agricultural productions
that hold the best place in expectation for
lSS6 are Wheat. 81 ,S64. Alb kiogrammes;
flour 5.262.322 kilogrammes corn 23l,-
&C., 300 hilOgrammes flax. 81 ,6S9.96 Kill
ogrammes.
One bushel of seed gives from fifteen to
twenty-five bushels of harvest in wheat,
and from fifty to 80 in corn. The valley
of the Nile. so much celebrated since the
highest antiquity for its extraordinary
'frutfulness, cannot show more remuner-
ative results. France has long been TAX
ing the ''quebracho" wood of the Argen-
tine. for tanning purposes and also rail-
way sleepers. England is now beginning
to use it. and l.JOO tons We're shipped to
Falmouth lately.
The Argentine Republic contains now
10000 heads of horned cattle. $1,000
900 sheep, 5.20O. 900 horses. ~ 900 goats,
3S9, 500 pigs, 30j. 100 mules and $1,000
ostriches. The total commerce in 1856
amounted 10 Sl93. lbs. 100: Sll5.4sj.33S
of importation and 81. 943. 442 of eXpor-
tation. OF this commerce the United
States only secured - .60S.9.1 of the i'm
portation and -, $50. 400 of expectation.
There were in the Republic at the eX-
piration of last year $500 kilometres of
railroad in exploitation and about the
same number in construction or projected.
The city of Buenos Ayres has over 100
kilometres OF tramWays thar trans ported
last year % 100000 of passengers, and in
the other provinces there are about fifty
kilometres more of navigation. There
exist in Buenos AyreS seventeen pas>en-
ger steamship lines running to Europe,
besides great many tramps and sailing
vessels that carry freight. There are 90
800 kilometres of telegraph lines in the
Republic. The city of Buenos Ayres has
. nearly Z DDn Eilntpatra- # talarhnDa and
one apparatus for every 113 inhabitants,
while London has one for every 2.375 and
Paris one for every $50.
Ten national and provincial banks exist
in the Argentine. besides fifteen tirst-class
private banks that receive deposits at
from three To six per cent. Two of the
Government banks, the "Banco Nacional'
and the "Banco de la Provincial, aggre-
gate a capital larger than the bank of
France and closely approaching the IA
nous bank of England.
Instruction is given in two universities
one AT Buenos Ayres and another AT Cor
dova, besides the following technical col
leges College of Civil Engineers in san
Juan. Agricultural Colleges of Sheudoza
and santa Catalina. College of Arts and
four military and naval colleges. The
secondary education is given in fourteen
colleges and there are the same number
of normal schools for the education of
teachers. Primary instruction i obliga-
tory and gratuitous, placed under the
direction of the national board of edu-
cation, who sustain 1852 schools with
5000 teachers and 10000 children. The
government appropriates So 100000 year
ly for public instruction, which repre-
sents 81 per inhabitant. The principal
scientific establishments are the astro-
nomical observatory of Cordova. the
National Academy of science of Cordova,
the Museum OF National History Of
Buenos Ayres, the Archaeological and
Anthropological Museum and the Marine
Observatory of Buenos Ayres and the
Agronomical and Veterinary Institution
OF Santa Catalina.
There is complete liberty of the press,
which is represented by very respectable
political, scientific and literary organs.
| There are $40 publications in the Ar0en-