davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

in farming have been discovered by
men who have had little or no school
education, and such men are oftimes
pretty good, scientific farmers. What
we need is a more general diffusion
of the how and the why, our successful
farmers prosecute their work.
A good crop, economically grown
and handled, may pay a profit, a poor
crop costs more than it is worth.
There is a reason why one is good, the
other poor, and the eason is the thing
we want to know, so as to avoid grow
ing poor crops. We don't want theories
or speculations, we want something
that we can understand and apply.
To carefully study the peculiarities
of the soil, we need experts who can
give their entire time to the work,
Just as the mining company employ
their chemists, not to dig ore, but to
test the ore and learn if it is worth the
digging, and to discover, if it is not OF
the right quality, how it may be treated
to make it of value. Recognizing the
value Of such Investigations, they pay
liberal salaries to the expert, and we
have at the present time, hundreds OF
mining experts who have fitted them
selves for such work, knowing that
their services will be in demand.
Trained experts, in testing the intri.
cate questions hat underlie successful
farming are scarcely to be found, be.
cause there is little demand for work
that such men might do, and as a re-
suit, farming of the present day is
largely guesswork, and are, therefore,
more uncertain in returns.
F. A. GULLEY.
Agricultural College of Mississippi.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
WHY SOME FARMERS FALL BE-
HIND.

An exchange asks: What is home
without a newspaper? On the farm
without an agricultural paper it is the
place where pigs root up the garden;
bugs destroy the potatoes; the Texas
COW is coaxed with a club to yield a
pint of alleged milk per day; the work
is done with prehistoric implements
and the farmer don't believe in these
r new tangled idees" but clings
fondly to the hazel splitter hog, with
its ears in the middle of its back, and
the stump sucker horse, chiefly com
posed of "four legs, n on each cor
ner;" and by and by a fakir comes, and
the farmer is not posted and signs an
order for some patent method of get,
ting rich, and in a few days is notified
that his note for $500 is held for col
lection by an accommodating bank.
That is just the size of it and there are
several just such homes that we know
of and the owners thereof not only
stand in their own light, but are a
drawback to the communities in which
they live.-Ienas Stochman and FAR
meT.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
Sore Head, or Chicken Pox.

This disease is quite prevalent at the
South some season We have learned
of a good many cases this season. 1t
is characterized by the appearance of
small white and black pimples upon
the face and comb, wattles and ear
lobes, which, if not taken in hand soon
and treatment applied, will cover the
head with running putrid sores, max
ing the chickens blind, and in great
misery. Although it can be cured at
this stage, it is best not to let it get
such Roadway, as the chicks being
blind will necessarily have to be fed
by hand, which entails a considerable
trouble if there be many patients on
hand.
AS to its cause we are not prepared
to say. Some breeders contend that it is
caused by mosquitoes, and as there
are swarms of mosquitoes in the hen
house at the season the disease mostly
prevails, there is good reason for this
belief.
AS for the best remedy, an equal
quantity Of blue stone and axle grease,
with a few drops Of carbolic acid, will
remove the sores; as will also a mix
ture of equal parts of kerosene, tur-
pentine and oil of tar, with a few
drops carbolic acid. At the beginning,
it would be we'll to give the bird a
good purgative. Feed on good,
nourishing food while under treat
ment. .
It would be well for every poultry
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
Fowls for the Family.

What greater folly than to give
away the material and then be COM
PEELED to buy the manufactured article
at the highest price? Yet this is one
Of the commonest instances of the
want of economy. Many and many a
family, particularly in the smaller
cities, throw all the scraps from the
table into the swill- barrel, for the
benefit of some lucky Celt, and then
pay an extravagant price for small and
stale eggs The sensible plan is to
keep a few fowls, and give your scraps
to these, thus turning your refuse into
money. Fowls can be kept in this
way at little or no cost, supplying the
family with their breakfast-eggs, and
giving their keepers a delightful occu-
patton. For there isgreat satisfaction
in caring for a thrifty flock of hand
some fowls, not merely for the grown
folks, but also for the children, who
will enter into the pursuit with the
greatest zeal, and delight in watching
all the various processes of the hen
house,-the laying, the sitting, the
growth of the little chickens, and in
the ever-interesting occupation of
gathering the pearly, fresh-laid eggs.
-SOuthern Fdncaer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

fodder. unhusked, to u stock, and
let the pigs run behind the cattle, and
give our feeding a Western turn.
Every one whom l have seen that
has tried this plan of putting even the
field corn into the silo, has fully in
dorsed the idea that the grain thus fed
is increased in feeding value over the
dry meal system, quite as much as
good silage is better than dry corn
fodder. [ am getting my belief CON
frmed almost daily that the silage Of
the future will be a compromise be-
tween field corn and fodder corn
that we will drill in about eight or ten
quarts of our best Northern corn per
acre, instead Of the Southern white
corn, and will put it into the silo un-
husked, not "snapping" the ears.
That a great amount Of grain can be
secured, as we'll as a large growth of
stalks, is evident from this years
"accident." The Southern corn sent
here was poor, and only about two
thirds of it grew, but the balance
about eight quarts per acre on my
ields-is TO- putting out a wonder
full growth of ears, while the amount
of foliage is not much behind that IN
former years. Last year several of
my neighbors mixed loads Of field corn
with the regular ensilage fodder, alter
mating them in proper proportion, and
the result was so satisfactory that the
experiment will be repeated this
season. In cutting the fodder into
inch lengths, | am 10Y convinced that
the clean cut is best; and that splitting
or shredding the stalks or the ears is
not the better way. The clean cut
leaves the husk about the pieces OF
ears, and seems to protect them, and
keeps the grain brighter and
"plumper' than when Invested OF
their natural "jackets."-Farm, Field
and Stochman.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

bones, and it has become quite recog-
nized in trade that purity is not ex-
pected in them. No doubt a great
majority Of buyers is deceived by the
name, and they pay a higher price for
what is called dissolved bones than if
they knew the absolute character Of
the article.
If genuine dissolved bones are de-
sired they should be bought under a
guarantee Of purity. Pure dissolved
bones could not contain much more
than twenty per cent. soluble phos-
phate, and from ID to 3 - per cent.
of ammonia.
When well made it is of course a
good manure, but not a whit better
than many of it's limitations.
The dissolving of bones in sulphur
Gus acid is a w%asteful process, not to
be recommended, for by SO doing the
bones are degraded to the level Of
mineral phosphates, which supply
soluble phosphates more cheaply and
more efficiently than bones. If soluble
phosphate is wanted for. a crop, then
the cheapest form of superphosphate
is the best thing to apply. If bones
are wanted for the crop or the land,
then the natural bone, finely ground,
is the cheapest of application. If both
are wanted, both should be applied
separately; but to attempt to combine
these advantages by dissolving these
bones is to effect a compromise that is
not economical. It is really in effect
to spoil good bones and to make poor
superphosphate.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
The Hen Manure.

By all means save the hen mannro
If there is not cultivated ground or a
grass plant on your own place where
it can be used, it is always in demand
by those who do need it as a fertilizer
while saving it for either ~insures the
house being kept clean and in good
order for the fowls, free from filth and
injurious odors. Unless the manure
is comparatively dry and we'll mixed
with some disintegrating material, like
sand or gravel or loan, we would not
advise putting it in barrels at once,
but rather spread it over some floor
in the granary or barn, where it can
dry well, when it should be well bro.
ken up (sieved through a coarse sieve,
if you have time) and put in barrels
or boxes and stored away. In this
shape not only can a better price be
obtained for it if sold, but it is much
more readily applied to crops. For
corn, in the hill, mix about an equal
quantity of dry earth with it and drop
a handful in each hill; or, better still
just before the corn comes up (say a
couple of days after planting), drop a
handful on the top of each hill, as
there is less danger of burning out the
corn. For peas, beans, onions and
root crops it is most excellent, the best
results being obtained by sowing it
along and between the rows. Those
who SOW it with, on or under the seed
often endanger the vitality of the seed
OF Of the young and tender shoots, so
that sowing it along and between the
rows-say twice each season and Just
before a Showers much preferable.
Poultry Monthly.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
OF ENSILAGE.

Mr.. John Gould, in relation to en-
silage, as compared to dry food, in
Rural New Yorker has the following {:
The silo presents this problem for
the farmers to solve, a saving of the
hard work of husking and grinding
corn, costing fully one-fourth of the
grain value of the crop. When all
this labor and expense have been in
Cured, we do what? Put the meal
made from the corn back upon the
stalks from which it has been sep
arated; and has any gain been made ?
Ii we are to go on as we have-husk-
ing and grinding-had we not best
call a halt, if we still insist that the
silo doesn't pay, and feed the corn
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
HOG CHOLERA.

Many interesting things have been
published in the Sockman in respect
to the hog. Having had much trouble
with the great hogs diseases | may
venture a few remarks on this much
worn subject. In August last | had
hogs, ten in number, between ten and
eleven months old, taken sick with
cholera, two of which were quite sick.
These two [ separated from the rest
of the herd. | Immediately procured
some mill feed and fed slop feed and
oats, also one teaspoonful to each hog
of the following Ground ginger, 4
o.; black anthony, 2 o.; flour sui
phur 2 o.; pulverized nitre, 2 dr.;
sulphate iron, 4 oz. The eight hogs
ate very sparingly of the feed but soon
began to mend, in three weeks were
quite we'll and on full feed again.
These ten were fed until IA months
old and weighed 800 pounds. Now
for the remaining two; they lay IN the
pen, refusing to eat anything for over
n week, when they began to eat d
little. [ fed the powder in the slop,
being careful to give no more teed
than they would eat up clean. 1hey
fully recovered from the disease ana
ate we'll, but did not thrive in proper
ton to the feed they ate. l have been
using the above powder for some
years, both for hogs and horses, anu
as a preventive of hog cholera it sure.
ly has some effect, as [ have used IL
when my hogs were doing well, andN
invariably restored the hair to d
brighter color and caused the skin 10
become clean and healthy.-Cor. va
tlonal Stockman.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
ABSORBENTS IN THE STABLE.

This is the time Of year when absorb
ents should be used freely about the
stables. Fermentation goes on rapidly
these days. Noxious gases are soon
created from the excrement both
liquid and solid. The pungent odor
of amonia renders the air of the stable
unfit for the breathing of animals cor
fined. 1t will soon rot the best leather,
and from this one may Judge whether
it be fit to go into the lungs Of an ami
NAL. An odor that is offensive to the
nostrils is dangerous to the welfare Of
the animals that breathe it; and what
horse-stable is not offensive to the SEN
SEES -? Even with doors and windows
all open it is almost ~unbea1able. Not
only are the animals injured by breath
ing such air but there is a great waste
of fertilizing material attending it.
When the air reeks with ammonia a
great waste of that valuable element is
going On. Purity and economy both
demand it's retention in it's proper
place. This can only be done by the
free use of absorbents in the stable.
For this use something that will absorb
and retain both liquid and gaseous ma
nures. l place muck at the head Of
the list for this purpose. Its absorp-
tive capacity is something marvellous.
It will hold three times it's own weight
Of liquid matter, to say nothing of
what it absorbs. It is valuable of it.
self as a manure, containing a rich
supply of plant food only second in
completeness to stable manure. Add
to this its value as an absorbent, and
we have a truly valuable auxiliary to
the m heap in this muck absorb
ent.
1t should be taken out of the bed
and we'll cured before using. 1t is a
good plan to have out a years supply
ahead. A good quantity should be
kept stored conveniently by the stable
for use at all times and seasons. A
few shovel-fuls scattered over the floor
behind the horses every morning after
the stable has been cleaned will keep
the DON pure and sweet compare
lively.
Next to muck, comes the dry road
dust. This can be gathered in guam
titles almost any time and stored. in a
good dry place. 1t is a good thing to
have about the premises in quantity.
Store away a few barrelfuls at least
for the en.house. Nothing can excel
it for this place. The increased value
Of the manure pile will much more
than pay for the labor of providing
absorbents, for much liquid and gas
eous manure is now allowed to go to
waste.-Ch Charlotte Democrat.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
/. BONES.

DR.. Aitkin thus writes of dissolved
bones in the North British Agrlcuztuvist::
Bones contain about half their weight
of phosphate of lime, the other half
consists chiefly of organic matter. The
phosphate Of lime in bones is what is
called insoluble phosphate, that is to
say, a combination of phosphoric acid
with as much lime as they can unite
with. One-third or two-thirds of the
lime can, however, be taken away and
still leave definite compounds. When
two-thirds of the lime have been taken
away, the compound formed is soluble
in water and is called soluble phos-
phate of lime. The object of adding
sulphuric acid to bone phosphate is to
remove two-thirds of the lime by con
verting it into sulphate Of lime, just as
in the case of superphosphate, which
is a mixture of soluble phosphate and
lime and sulphate of lime.
In dissolving bones, however, it is
found that If enough of acid is added
to convert all the phosphates into the
soluble form the whole is converted
into a liquid mass, which refuses to
dry up and is unfit for use as manure.
This is owing to the organic matter in
the bones. There is therefore a prac-
teal limit set to the proportion of
soluble phosphate which dissolved
bones can contain. AS a rule, in the
case of pure dissolved bones, not more
than half the phosphate is present in
the soluble form. The usual practice
of manufacturers of pure dissolved
bones is to add more acid than is
necessary, and to dry up the product
with fine bone meal, and, by careful
mixing and somewhat laborious treat.
ment, produce a sowable manure.
Other things besides fine bone meal
are often used as dryers. Steamed
bone flour dries more effectively than
bone meal, but if it is used to any
great extent the product will be some
what high in phosphate and somewhat
low in ammor;s1, Bone ash is found
to be a still more absorbent substance,
and it is used much to dry up dissolved
OohCo' DOAO 0ou, OWSFcl COLIUd1l1S
no heterogeneous matter, and is very
rich in phosphate, and therefore when
it is used the product is high in phos-
phate and correspondingly low in am
monia. Bone ash is not bones, it is
simply impure phosphate of lime de-
rived from bones. The same may be
said of bone char, which is frequently
used as a dryer, and which gives the
black color to many manures sold as
pure dissolved bones.
In England there is scarcely to be
found a manure sold under the name
of dissolved bones which is a genuine
article. A great proportion of them
contains no bone material at all, and
the term dissolved bone is really a
conventional name applied to com
pound manures consisting of any kind
of mixture of phosphate and nitrogen
Gus materials which can be dissolved
with Or without an admixture of bone.
Many of these manures are excel
lent preparations, just as good as pure
dissolved bones, and they have the
merit of being formed from materials
which would otherwise be allowed to
go to waste. Manure manufacturers
make no secret of the spurious charac-
ter OF the manures called dissolved
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17

keeper to always keep a supply Of
pultry medicines on hand, so, in caSa
of need you will have them, and can
stop the disease at the beginning. W.
shall continue to give the best rem.
edies, as made known to us and will
be pleased to have our readers give rs
their experience and treatment of die.
ease, for publication.-SoutheJn EGnc;s.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1887-11-17
POULTRY

eve are pleased to announce to the readers of
The PROGRESSIVE FARMER that we have been SO
fortunate as to secure the efficient services of Mr.. r.
H. Weathers as Editor of this Department. He is
one of the best informed men on this subject in the
South. He desires that all communications and
questions designed for his Department be addressed:
'Poultry Column, PROGRESSIVE FARMER, Raleigh,
N. c." He will most cheerfully answer all ques-
lions relating to poultry through this column.
Write him.-ED1roR PROGRESSIVE FARMERO
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14

A i CRAWFORD, \. j., ~ LIZ 40 m,nu,cs
"A from Ntw-Sork via (enral Railroad OF New'Jersey-
house SrOms baru, outlouseS and henhe
10 eet ali IN gOOn orer depot Desirable
place wishing 10 raise iows POSSESSION
IN lure Of CHARLES LEO ABBY. Al ana 80 MSueh A"no
New-yOrk
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14
LONG BEACH And POINT LOOKOUT, /. l.

TRAINS FROM FOOT EAST 8rH.sr, n. Y.
DAILY-f.e:4O 1850 $50. 1880 a. 1880. $50 $50
400 1850, 800 $50 ~: sINp s,n f''S''
LAST TRA y from Long Beach. l0:45 p. m. ~
GOOD FISHING AT WRECKLEAD CHANNEL
tStops at Wrec klead. Don't run TO Point Lookout
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14
Giip l)rupsrtp 90 Get.
Hrooklnn propertp fm 6nlc ano 90 Get
FOR SALE.


oo,lB FEET-LOT 100 FEET DEF.
brownstone front Baserep par
finished In hard wood "a moor Don chal
windows In paroT cabinet nantes uouE-
,I 10 Ils1e klsss futuess stairs IN paioI story
fceJs IN paor sanitary plumbing throughout he$ieu W
iuInsCe Pnce. 81 1000
Also one 9.sory red brick and brownsone
ira bargain
Arc corner house. finished in the most durable manner
r,r 800 Ibis house will lie showD only on sspeeal
ftrmit.
Toeach them take Prookvn Elevated Road to sumnsye
,ap abeut 90 minutes ridetheD go blocks up sumner.
frt Ia Then bloch to house 2O1A Lewsave
These houses Elevated Road one Of
,h,st in BROOKLYN and buit 10y one OF tho
les, builders the city They must he sold as the owner
tsppot AFFORD carry Them KEYS al 261A Lewisaye
NOR SALE.-Lots. blocks, plots or single
lots along lines OF the elevated railroads In al sec
IRONS OF me suburbs sell plots of 100 or oo
lois 10 sut several parcels thar show good
sDecnation b. r DARLING & CO.. 80 COurt-st, corner
Rensen. and l20S Fulton'st
GREAT bargain In lots; largest single plot
" in market; 23d ward surroundings nearly butt up
elevated railroad cars now running term, easy
FRANKLIN POST, 80 Liborty-st
OIL FIRST PLACE.-TO let, partially fur
~ nished three TO a private family only
the fine story hiGhstoop brownsone house No u
First place Clinton and Henry SITS For terms and
hermit apply 10 J. H. BERGEN, 307 COurst. Brooklyn
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14
Goun:rp propsrp for Sale aus Go Get

I OCAL Real Estate Agents within 90 miles
o NewYok des of being represent cd ~ thls CITY are
requested TO address "MU rUAL" Tribune Uptown once
s1xg AuaV
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14
WHITE STAR LINE.
AND LIVERPOOL.

w tUK UUktNSIOWN AND LlhEhfOOE, ryo
ROYAL AND UNITED STATES NAIL STEAM Ems -
CELTIC Capt. Irving Wednesday, Aug L., IN
81 I'M ,EIC Capt Girade, Wednesday. Aug - 10 a. m
.ADRIATIC, Capt. Cameron. "Wednesday Aug 81 y ~
nRITANNIC Cant Parsel Wednesday, sept 4 . IN
From White star Dock, foo of West ! lh.st ~.
RA FS-Si $50 500, $50 and 900 Return uchse
on favorable terms Stserage from the Old Country
ego Second cabin passengers carried on these steamers
rate $50 and S35 $50 and $50 For Inspection OF
plans other information apply AZ The eompanys onee NO
IL broadway. New-York. }. BRUCE isMAh' Agent
SPECIAL NOTICE
The White Star Limo Steamship ARABIC. saiIns
SATURDAYS September 10 and October 10, 10 queens
town and Liverpool will carry second cabin and steer
age passengers only. The second cabia pa..:enssrs
will be befthSf In saloon staterooms ana nave
the saloon dock This steamer mas
for sserage passengers secopa
CaSin S3s stosrage $40 For inspection Of plane Apply II
shs Conpanys once Il Broadway. OF 70 au ASent Of sas
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14
Cost ano fonn0.

I OST. -Pocket-b containing about twelve
~ dollars currency and for three dated
Chattanooga Augu.ts 1887 signed b Loveman Co to
order A r. Loveman payable at Chemical Nauonal Bank
NewYork Payment 10 stepped at bank suitable reward
will be paid Of 70 Friedman Levsmsn,
care H. &, Cladin a C.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1887-08-14
DROSPECT PARK HOTEL,

n n. I.
Season OF 1887 opens Flrstclass summer resort
OF easy access on the banks Hudson $50 feet above Tho
river coinmanhns a front mills n
and south tho grand tho background
beantul PARK 20 terms moderate For do
scription circulars &c. address -
PROSPECT PARK HOTEL Co,
Catskill. ". Y.