The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1887-09-10
WHAT Is HYPNoTlsM2
The Way 1t Was Discovered and Explain
ed by an English Physician.

The way 1t Was Discovered ana Explains
} ed by an English Physician.
In 1S41 James Braid was in practice
as physician at Manchester. Thither
came La Fontaine lecturing on mes
merism and performing experiments of
the familiar type, illustrating the
theory of the stronger will and tho
dominant idea. Braid was interested
in the lectures, suspected the expert
ments to be impostures, and declared
the theory to be false. He worked at
the subject himself, and in the years
following issued several books contain
ing most remarkable experiences REF
garding what he called neuro-hypno-
tism, but which after him was for a
long time known as Braidism and is
now described in all the dictionaries
and text books as hypnotism. Braid
found that most of the phenomena
could be self-induced. That man, so
to speak, could mesmerize himself by
fixing his gaze on some inanimate OBJ
ject and concentrating his attention.
He thus, to his satisfaction, proved
the subjective nature of the influence.
To talk of animal magnetism from an
inanimate object was absurd. Braidism
met with much opposition. 1t was
furiously attacked by the mesmerists,
whose very citadel it threatened, and it
was received with horror by large
section of the public, who refused to
believe in the possibility of its phe-
nomena. There was no mystery as to
the method of procedure. All that
Braid did was to take any bright OBJ
ject, such as his lancet case, between
the thumb and fore and middle fingers
of the left hand, and hold it from eight
to fifteen inches from the eyes of the
patient in such a position above the
forehead as was necessary to produce
the greatest strain on the eyes and
eyclids. On this bright point the
patient was to stare fixedly. In ordi-
nary cases in fifteen seconds, if the
patients limbs were lifted they would
evince tendency to remain in the po-
sition to which they had been raised;
in few seconds more strange feeling
of exaltation would spread through
him; in a few seconds more he would
be asleep and insensible to pain.
There never is any thing new, and,
of course, there was nothing new in
! Braid's discovery. The magicians used
to hypnotize their believers by making
them gaze at the scratches on the crys-
tai sphere. The Egyptian priests hyp-
Noticed theirs by making them stare at
the mystic signs on the bright metal
=, mirror. The anchorites lifted their
: eyes fixedly to the armament and went
off into ecstacy. The monks of Mount
!, !, Athos hung their heads and looked
= downward until they felt their senses
= swimming away, and the Indian ascot
u les of 1887 gain hypnotic power by
. squirting at the tips of their noses, as
their ancestors have done for ages.
As to mesmerizing animals
= with the 'passes," which, granting
, Braid's theory, is the same thing as
- hypnotizing them, there are innumer
= able examples. The iguana can be
o hypnotized, so can the cobra, so car
> the turtle. Secure their fixed atten.
y ton for a minute or two and they are
helpless. AS it is with an ami
. NAL so it is with man. Hold
u his undivided attention for a shor
~ period and he will fall away into :
state resembling catalepsy. Let hin
- look at a glittering piece of glass, Z:
y diamond stud or an emerald pin, ant
y :, before his eyes have begun to ache III
y will collapse. There is case on RECORD
," of student who was told he would b,
~ hypnotized from distance at fou
y o'clock on a certain day. He was Il
- look at the clock little before to sc,
:, how the time was going. An umpire
y a well-knOwn physician, was told off t,
., watch him. At minute or two {,
~ four he looked at the clock, and hi
, gaze became fixed, and as the clocl
- struck he fell back as if he had beer
- y sent to sleep with full mesmeric honors
~ 1t does not suit every body to hypno
- tie, nor does it suit every body to b
=. hypnotized. The beginner, "for fun,
! may find the patient go off into convul
~ sions, and refuse to be awakened by
~ tap or puff" so it is best to leave eN
w. perimenting to competent medics
. practitioners. Leisure Hours
The other day well-dresed it'll