Arizona weekly citizen., 1887-02-26
Artesian Wells.
IsaIt Lake Fnbans.l

noses and irrisating land by means of
 artasian wells has become a demonstra-
 led fact in numerous localities, and
 this system is rapidly extending sll over
 the vest. Ten or twelve years ago this
 c;tv bagan s1nking a we'll on the bench
 at point north of the cemetery. far sboye the man part of the city. That
 wss an expensive experiment. as 1t in-
 voIved an outlay of over s25 1000 in msz- mo n dry hole of 800 feet, sll the way through gravel and sand. such as IS ionnd near the SUI face. That silenced all experimenls in that direction for several yesis, and it was not until with in the past two years that an attempt
 vTss made in the outskirts of this city
 on inc west side of the Jordan river, 10
 strike water by driving pipe, having
 nm its lower end a steel point to open a
 massage for the pipe. Flowing water
 raz ob,ained at a depth of less than 100 feet. and from s stratum four or five hundred feet above the lower end Ot the
 hole sauk by the city. This suggests inc probable fact that in the process Of mountain buildinS, the unheavsl of the ! Wasatch range, the strata were curved near its base, leaving deep trough, which was afterwards filled with the | Oreat mass of wash pierced by the | city we'll, while out m the valley me ! strata were either left m place or curved upward, the mass being So plastic at the ! time as 10 readily bend snd thus leave some of the layers impervious to water. | Wells iu the valley range m depth from | twenty to 200 feet, owing to location, be- | ing deeper near the base 1.-the Wasatch | than gt points farther out m the valley. As soon as flowing wells were secured here and found to be continuous, efforts were made in other localities and the | result has proven SO satisfactory that the Tribune presents a list of wells n | different parts oithe Territory, with the
 size of pipe, depth and flow. It IS well | to speak of the improvements made ID | sinkiug such wells and give the present process most generally adopted. The | first wells hsyiog & steel point and pipe | perioratei to admit the flow of water, | and this covered with wire gauge to pre- vent the pipe filing with sand and gravel | does we'll enough where the drive IS | only a few feet snd the impervious strata 10 be pierced are simply blde clay or a thin streak of hardpsn. If
 greet depth is required the point IS Iiuble to prove ineffective or break.
 while the gauge IS apt to be torn oi.
 The plan now generally used IS that of simply an open pipe, the way being
 cleared by e drIll and use of water.
 Men engaged in the business are pro vided with a portable, miniature pile
 driver, having hammer or drop or iron
 weighing fifty or seventy-fve pounds, in the center Of which i5 hole, filled
 with hardwood plug, so that the blow
 is ou this wood. This prevents the de-
 struction of the pipe, ss would be the
 case with blows of an all metal drop.
 An expansion bit is operated through
 tue pipe. A small iron pipe IS used for
 the drill rods, and is lowered or drawn
 up st pleasure, the drills being made SO
 ss to expand at the lower end and con
 tract when passing through the cssi1 2
 pipe. With such a drill and rods the
 way may be cleared a long distance
 below the lower and of the casing, while
 water is poured down through the hol-
 low rods to aid in the work of drilling
 and getting rid of the debris by making
 It flow out at the upper end of the cas-
 iug. With such an apparatus a we'll is
 rapidly sank if things are favorable, but
 often much time Is required on deep
  reached in most cases it is not requisite to continue downward with the casing. Lehi Evans of that place, writes There are over fifty wells here, most being in town. The water is pure and soft, and sweet to the taste, the tempera- ture being about g degrees. In many places piping is only used from eIght to | twenty feet from the surface. When | blue clay is struck DO piping IS needed l l believe that srtesisn well digging IS | only ID it's infancy. and before many | years a great amount If land will be | waterei from flowing wells. ln our To- | cality we always have to bore through | a stratum of blue clay from ten to fifty | feet in depth. which lies over the water, and when this stratum is bored through | the water always flows. In few in- stances a second stratum of clay or ce- meut has been pierced and stronger stream Is always found. Our citizeus are awakened to the fact that water Is ID ssy reach. and LehI sill soon be one of the best wstered towns 10 the Terri tory. The driving of the wells costs from g tO $50 each, unless mis- hsps occur to increase the ex- psnse." The conditions at Lehi ap- pear to be very favorable as to deptb, at wh,ch the water stratum is struck, the ease 10 sinking wells and amount and quality of flow. Lehi Is at the lower end of Utah Lake-vhioh, of course does not affect the srtesian wells-while ArOvc, few miles south and close to the lake s!so, requires s depth of about 200 fee. to get water, while the cost IS much greater comparatively, ranging from Sl00 tO S200 for a well. At Mil ford, 2O0 miles farther south. the first successful well cost about $500. to sink 2j6 feet and m the desert, along the Sevier, the expense Is heavy, but the results promise well. Gas has been en- in some wells. the most noted one being in Ogden, where its owner gets not only water for all domestic pur- poses, but both fuel and light for his residence. It is IFS feet deep and cssed with tEO-inch pipe, The flow of water is about fifty gallons per minute, and the quality IS god. IL also discharges gas, which IS collected in ga.ometers similar to the manner of collecting gfs .t gas factory. The capacity of the tank is POGO cubic feet per day, and 6s he well IS capable of producing much more, another gRsometer is 10 be pat 10. Although this gas readily burned, t did not produce a good light, but liter much inquiry Mir. FunGe secured lome Albo carbon lamps. and now be lRs a light equal in brillisncy to the in- andes 'ent electric lights. These lamps ,r burners have fOunt ID which carbon s placed, Co be absorbed by the nitro ,enous gas. and aid ID produ,ing a bril- isnt flame. Mr. Fuoge has m use twen- y lamps, and all the cost there is at sched is in the purchase of carbon. which costs l2lI cents per pound. and be entire cost for carbon for the twenty amps is only about 90 cents per month. Ie will put in stoves 70 heat his house. nd then all of his fuel will come from his well. This will be after getting in he other receiver.
 A Sad Case of POisiOnInS