davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
Excurrion 10 Florida.

Agrand. cheap excursion will leave Spring
field. o., for Jacksonville, Fla, on Tuesday.
January I2th, 1885. Tickets good going
for fifteen days from above date, and good
returning until June 1st. 1885, Stop over
will be allowed in either direction. Fare
for the round trip only $3.50. The party
will go through from Cincinnati in fullmans 5
new buffet sleeping cars srtfl.o,d change.
Pas sengers going on this excursion can stop
at will and resume their journey fifteen
DAYS being allowed for this
purpose Those who do not wish TO take a
sleeper will not be obliged to do SO. as
through coaches will he run. For small
additional expense side trip can be made
10 New Orleans and return. This excursion
will he the cnly one under the personal
management of reliable Springfield gentle
men. Er. +. V. VanNorman and +. }.
WEBB are managing the excursion and any
arrangement made by them will be strictly
carried out by the railroad company. Special
reduced ates on railroads in Florida, also
ON ST. Johns river, and at hotels in the
south. will be given. Call upon or write to
above named gentlemen for full particulars.
Tickets on sale only at the Bee Line. c. c.
c. 4 l., depot u. D. MIGHT,
2O5td Agent
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
A SUCCESSFUL SOLICITOR.
How Little Girl Up In Maine Aade Money
for . Soldiers Fair.

How Little Girl Up In Maine Made None,
for soidier.' Fair.
A good story is told nv the PonI.nf
| me. / Press of n little girl whose mother j,
a member of BOsworth Relief CorDs whjcl
goes to show that even At her tender av,
She is smart enough to nun a fair. The m.
tie miss is only wears old. She Is verx
pretty and Iaiylike. When the relief corn
DECIDED m l,oIi a fair the ladies no IA .,,s.
tomary. asked the friends TO contribute ar.
ticles To their various tables. Now our H.
| tie miss Thought she would do business on
her own hook. So she called on many
ladies she knew. interested them in ths
fair and when Il WAS time IN oman ths
fair this little miss had secured sn much
and of such variety that a cart had 70 hs
sent To collect the contributions
This little miss was yery active dur;nu ths
fair. One evening Mayor Deering came
into the hall. The younv LADY vaItzad mn
10 him and said-her bright fsca and sn,rIp ~
ling ewes attracting the attention of Iistepa-s
-"Nsvor Deering am colIact;ng so,ns
money for the fair. wont Won cnntr;h,taa,
The mavor nut his hand In b;s no.Sa,
took ont some money and without iooL;n1
AT II HANDED n IN the j;,tIa ,n;ss She
thanked him and went off bnt in j.. fau s
moments was hack again and said.
..Mayor Deering. forgot to tell Won tho,
we proposed 10 print the names of ,hose
contrihnting the mo>ev I am coIio.,;na
and wbe, Won gave me some monaw yo,,
didn't stop 10 look at II and 7 thonyht yon
onght tn know Won yava mo esnts H.
cause didn't believe Won won,d rant q
nrinted that the mayor Of PortIand cave >
cents tn the fair" e"'' :
A broad smile oversprea5 the u,.vor,s
face and drawing bis noctat,,o.L ~,
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

Dr.. and Nine. Van NOrman's school for
ladies (founded 1850 will reopen Oct 1, at
315 West Fifty-seventh street, New York.
Special advantages In music and modern
languages. Reference: Dr. E. V. Van
Norman, Springfield. O. 2sstf
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

Mile. Emma Nevada, the famous opera
and concert singer, will appear In this city,
in connection with her Italian opera and
concert company, at Blacks Open House
on Saturday evening, january 10. Full
particulars soon.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

Scarlet fever is In town. and the spread
Of this terrible disease may be prevented b,
the use of Clarke's Disinfectant Chlorides
1t will also prevent diphtheria- 1t is won.
derful deodorizer, is great purifier. and
will destroy every tom Of bad odors. Ash
your druggist for IL 6stf
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

- ~, =,
me Iiockihg Ooai sell Is from the old
.eh.oio o,o'hs mine. IL was sd'ertised al
nos, continuously IN .he opHhgneid papers
go - anu - to-pAl as xood a. = IL
"'' WIG ee''A'''e "ken' no"' Akf
,,.
was tue hrs' dealer IN this city 70 In
=. ~. .'Hi anu i'AAe specially OIL
, sou 90 os IN one month. Deihs
T., ,sa. 80 sn" 'u ~ guy o"1 parry heIe.
wh., cn., 90 -, o.. ~ 80, -. ~uo. JUS.
the s,nd r..S -, ~. s,..a..n no'
.o'. in'io
~. ,..,orr -. - -, , ~
deal in and vou vii, ..s ~. a,1.,n
I'D. Tha An,hr,.;,s ooa' Ia >. =, -,
screened ., ,hs tim. :, - a.s,,ss >.
toner and /, entirely frs, from .,.c. ana q. ,s
free from slate "a can Nv. bongh, frnm .nv
den,er
ath. T have hea, 4, Tho h,.,n... .,,,|
years, and although i am . machinist hv
trade, L have been the most successful coal
dealer in the city, doing business in that time
which is the best Kind of an Endorsement of
nv way of doing business and the ou,I;,v n,
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

All aboard for San Francisco, California.
Cheap excursion tickets will be sold to San
Francisco and return at the Bee Line. C. c.
c. 4 /. office. on Jan. ~. 1856. for only
s116.45 round trip. Tickets good returning
for six months. Choice of several different
routes given. For full particulars call upon
o. address q. d. KNIGHT, Agt,
eO5,D Springfield, o.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

Mr.. Ruskin has found hero in the late
Sir Herbert Edwards, Of Anglo-Indian
fame, and he lauds him to the bluest of blue
skies.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

Notice to the Public, and Don't be De.
ceived.
This is to certify that Dr. Z. Y. Van
Norman and Frank J. Webb is in nowise
connected with the Florida excursion going
over the c. C. c. & l. and Cincinnati South
em R'y. January 18th. although their
names appear on scme Of the advertising
matter put in circulation.
VIM. Hefferman, Agent l. B. & W. R'y.
is our only authorized agent to sell tickets
in Springfield.
ism VLERBoRNE & BAIED.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
LOCAL sRewres.


l. ID. Wilson, OF 'ne i D. q W. - M ''''
CITY.
c. II. Justin, OF cincinns"' y u VIC "
cane
The mayor released iom "i''ip' "'''''A'
uiA.
Eiden Bowman ~eh' =" N''N" '''N" '' -"
evening ---9 ....
"A Prisoner for Lie n sne uranu u'''
evening"
Mr.. and Mrs. Jacob Seltz ien lor fior'da
iast evening
+. K. Syman goes 70 fon "ayne ""oI
row on business
The White Slave company iert ior LAY
ton this morning.
Rev. John T. Rose he's recovered ffom
his recent illness.
Gen. r. p. Kennedy was in town . few
hours this morning.
Robert Foos LEFT for Baltinre this NOM
ing via the I. B. 4 ".
r. II. Wander returned from WsGhinstou
last eveninGfor brief stay.
Henry Prickcts and Philip Carter were
iugged as plain drunks last night
Rev. B. +. Zell ieft for LaRne thi,
morninp to he ahssnt about a week.
ro,n A Rever;a,,. of the x.n;, Repub.
,;.. mas 4, IN. city mi. morning
r,ss.s xor. wh,,. and s.d,e ph.,,s .r.
a. -. :, W.. rr.rr W.hh os Enon
s.,,r- 49,, ~. .,o,.
-. -. .ss 80. -.nh;,
-,
MI .A
~. :,
ues' -. n,s s NO - ' -
o. p.,,;,
n - ~ ~ :. -. -. s.s.,.s ..,. 60,
1' - - -. G..
"e . o.
=, L.. =. = ...-a,...', - -. 80, ..d A.. s.or.
10 A. -.
VI ''S p''p''e'' '' LAWS
Local politicians are wasnhe IN Immense
amount OF Dreath uyme 70 B"oss a'e insn
'''el''"eu :"
Inc aahy pfsSe Elves y i''sn s"o0'
~ L. cnuicn nav ...' y. 10y
!! a''s'noeo "i'n '~''''~o' '0'''
A. WattHrs, the iasner oi Ms' .. "A.
,,uinp"i. u'l 'ey ,uy . -
No'"e Vi 'u''t's VI" " s'"
). A Bowman u IN Aadlson, WISCONSIN,
al WORK on the case OF inc Ws''er a. "oo'
Manufacturing 20. vs. Wmseiey' T fassier q
Kelly. : ssaasst
J. A. Fisher, the able captain OF the
Springfield rife team, who has been dan
gerously III for some time past Is reported
as slightly better this morning.
J.B. Peterson was found in IN eminently
hilarious condition last evening by Officer
Marshall, and was charged with drunk end
disorderiy on the station house slate.
The grand iury Is doing its work very
thoroughly this session. Some Of the I'm
dictmepts will cause no little surprise among
offenders who are fondly imagining that
their little affairs have blown over.
r.rv a.,;~ntt,,, d.,r,n~ Marty MA held
L., ..-;,. :, ~. W.so,,. h.I, 3, bonor
Of soo,t ad,ar xrho t.kes nj. dep.rtnre
soon for Cincinnati About twenty ootples
u.r. nrssan, and danced until . late hour
n. u.,.,,. .,;,. W. r s.,,a.-
~. -. - NJ o.. 80, q,
= - - -. -. -.--,.s
m ~ 60 - 80 A.. ps...
-. - :. -! ...,s.... :. r.
~
A rrou;,.n, .,to,rex n, c,..,v;,,. =.
here looking mn evidence for the divorce
,,;. ..r;,.;. Nr;, yo,,. ps~~~- ,,s
william Min youno the c.p.es and circnm-
s,.n..s % ,,h;.h .r;t w.rs r,,h,,.had IN th;s
n,,,..r three x.als .po
r ,
~. w :. =. g.. ~ . :. . .., " .;... =, -. h,..a.,.
D ~. - - =. ,eeo +. ~.
80. ~ ;. - - - . :. NJ. :. o. :, TOO, !.
S.. - .. zoe. s..~...-
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

Buy H-pound or 2 pounds of coffee. and
receive number on our fifteen-dollar music
box free. besides a handsome dove temor-
row. Miller's Arcade Tea Store. 19a
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
DR.. van Norman's AcadeI

There Is no better mince meat in the
market than that made by J. n. Oldham,
No. 10 East High street 57tf
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

A beautiful imported dove given to all
buying H-pound tea or pounds of coffee.
besides a number on our fifteen-dollar mu.
sic box. Miller's Arcade Tea Store 19a
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
ssaethi.e To work For.

The Springfield Shooting and Fishing
club have received from John Frick, the
noted goldsmith of New York, the hand
some medal to be shot for the spring. The
design is something entirely new and pc
culiarly odd. At the top is the ordinary
fat pin with the word Champion" lettered
in blue enamel on its surface. Suspended
from this is the handsomely engraved cir
cular badge. Around the centre of the
medal is . wreath, on the outside Of which
is given the name of the club. Two guns
cross each other over the surface of the
medal. and in the centre is large precious
stone. The letters S. G. c., Springfield
Gun Club. hang between the pin and the
medal proper. The whole thing is elegantly
gotten up and designed, and the lucky
winner may feel justly proud of the hand
some trophy.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
EVIDENTLY INSANE.

J,An Yeaser. Attempts to Procure Poison
To Ead HIS Life.
About IL O'Clock this morning young
man came into Smiths drug store on West
Main street and wanted TO buy boxof
"Rough on Rets." As his actions were q
little queer. they refused to sell it to him.
and he then tried to purchase arsenic. Their
suspicious were thoroughly aroused now and
they called in Officer Mast and gave
the young man into his custody. He gave
his name a. John Yeager. residing on East
Columbia street He is about 20 years old
and machinist by trade, but gave up his
job some time ago. He Is evidently very
weak in the head, if not absolutely crazy.
He freely admitted to the officer that he in
tended to kill himself, in order to get ahead
Of his father, who, he said. would. kill
him the first time he could get
In chance. He said he left
his job some time ago in order to leave town
and get out of his fathers way. The police
say that his father is in the habit Of abusing
his children, more or less The wOuld-be
suicide had a pair of brass knuckles in his
pocket which he said he kept for protec-
ton. He said he had gone out of town
once. but had found 1t impossible to remain
away, some irresistible force always draw
ing him hack. Officer Mast locked him up
in the statiOn-house for safe-keeping and an
INQUEST of lunacy will be held on him.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
LOST.

0ST-D0G-Strayed or stoled from ls5 Wes,
II North street, about noon Wednesday. a
spotted pup. months Old, with nickle link
collar on. lined with red leather The party
that has him better return him at once, as Do
lice are on the track and will arrest. 1sms
I oST-Pocketbock. containing a sum OF
~ meney and other valuahles. on Gallagher
High or Spring streets. Finder will receive re-
ward By leaving at As East Main. n. Toohey
I 0ST-Breast pin. small native gold nugget
~ A liberal reward will be paid II left al
Springfield Brass Co.'s once. No. 90 S. Lime
stone ST. 17ts
Il 0ST-A watch charm with dark green stone
~ and diamond shape setting. Please leave
zt DIR. Caspers drug store and receive reward
no L0AN-A few thousand dollars. Must be
Il well secured First mortgage on city or
county property. u. Steele, Executor.
For neat fitting lady's or gentieman's
custom made shoe, 60 TO Joseph Hruza, 81
East High street Fine work Q speciality
and good it guaranteed. 295d
The usual tea check given with our doves
tomorrow. Miller's Arcade Tea Store. s9a
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
The Erie and n. Y. r. o. Railroads TO In
to Cincinnati over the G. &. c. & I. r. Il.

Doves, doves, doves. all day tomorrow. at
Miller's Tea Store. 81 Arcade 79a
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
THE GRAND ARMY.

Mitchell Post Instails Omcers for the En-
suing Year.
The doors of Mitchell Post. G. A. R.,
were thrown open forthe public installation
Of officers, and there were quite large
number of people present to witness the
ceremonies, among them goodly sprink-
ling of ladies. All the officers were in full
uniform and the exercises passed of very
smoothly. The following new officers were
installed with imposing ceremonies by
Past Commander William H. Grant: Com
mander. Charles w. Shewalter; senior vice
commander, J. NJ. Nuifer; junior vice COM
mander. J. NJ. Bennett: chaplain. r. F..
Deio; surgeon, DIR. George W. Moore: quar-
termaster, Isaac Kindle: officer Of the day,
Thomas p Grant; officer of the guard.
John Cord; adjutant, James S. Bryant;
sergeant major, J. B. Colbert; Quartermas-
ter sergeant, Col. j. E. Stewart. After
the exercises neat speeches were made by
Commander Shewalter and Chaplain Delo
and . few musical selections were sung by
the post, led by A. o. Huffman, with drum
corps accompaniment
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08
A BROKEN RAIL

Gives the Passengers On No. of the n.
Up. 3 q. = Shaking Up.
No little excitement was caused on train
No. 1, going west on the n. Y. P. 4 y. this
morning. by an accident in the yards just
few rods east of Limestone street As the
tzain was passing . switch at this point
one of the rails gave way, throwing the
last two coaches off the track. The
target struck the side Of the first
of these, smashing In q couple of
windows. The step Of this coach was also
naked OF by the target No further damage
was done IS the train was going at such
slow rate that it was easily stopped. How
ever, The passengers, considerably more
frightened than hurt BY the jar, scattered
in every direction. A delay Of about twenty
minutes was caused in getting the coaches
back on the track.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

The usual tea check given with our doves
tomorrow. Miller's Arcade Tea Store. s9a
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-01-08

J,s1ISsed o. heevy CHILLED iron plats, and beine
eeifocking. 10 h the only vault In the world thai
n1aossl1tely pref asainss .ePave rebbers.
1ndos.ed and rscommended by undertakers Gem.
esery Associations and leading citizens and diyiuea
evefywhere The sacred bodies Of our beloved dead
osherwise liable 70 be torn from their graves hy
eacrtegfous hands, ruthlessly mutilated and made
tns subjects OF the rude and ghastly ess Of brutal
grave roboers-are afforded complete protection
within the secure environments Of the Boyd Grave
vau,t Every Cemetery, however well guarded,
y likely 70 be secretly invaded and robbed Of re-
Gently tnterred bodeA Remembering that the
Boyd Grave vanlt provides the only edectual se-
curity against this dcsecrAtion, b there any won.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1886-07-01

In proportion to the population the
number of persons who keep bees Is very
small. yet there is no branch of farming
(for it should be connected with farming
more profitable at certain seasons than the
keeping of bees. A good strong colony.
IL the midst of the busy season, will col
lect and store four or five pounds of honey
daily; but the amount of work depends
upon the forage and the strength of the
colony. As soon as the colony becomes
weak and incapable of defense il will be
attacked and robbed. Hence, in order to
keep each hive up to its fullest capacity,
the keeper must provide plenty of comb
foundation in order TO lessen the work to
be performed and SOW such crops as will
afford honey later in the season. when
the flowers have finished poisoning.
The swanning process is nothing more
than the departure of the old queen and
her working bees, in order to abandon the
hive TO the younger queen and bees. BY
being on the alert and living the swarms
as they alight. the number of colonies
may be largely increased, but the weak
colonies seldom swarm. The moth us
ually attacks the weak colonies, and only
the stronger ones are able to pass safely
through the winter
The common bees may be gradually re
placed with the Italian or Cyprian bees by
removing the old queen and substituting
a new fortified queen of either kind pre-
ferred. If she is carefully guarded in a
small cage for a few days the bees Will
soon recognize her, and in the course of
a few months the old bees viii all be dead
and the new ones will be of the desired
kind. The queen is compelled to lay
large numbers of eggs daily in order to
supply the great loss constantly occurring
by the destruction from birds, storms and
other difficulties. They should be left
plenty of honey for a winter supply. and
the hives should be well protected from
the storms.
What the beekeeper should aim to do is
to SOW such crops as will enable the bees
to lay in a large supply of honey, and he
can well afford to do so if he has number
OF hives. At this season the bees find
plenty TO do in working on the flowers,
but later the crop of buckwheat affords
ample forage while it is in blossom. En-
terprising beekeepers combine beekeep-
ing and poultry raising, finding that a
small piece of ground may in that man
ner return large profit How to manage
cannot well be explained in single ar
ticle. All who are interested should first
make themselves familiar with the de
tails before beginning by consulting
authorities on the subject. That bee
keeping is a profitable occupation, how
ever, has been demonstrated satisfactorily
TO all so engaged.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1886-07-01

4 contempOraneou writer fears that
we are producing too much meat now,
but that eventually we shall have a meat
famine. and cites figures to show that
such is the case. Without going back TO
the last century for comparisons, period
of thirty years will suffice, notwithstand-
ing the fact that the live stock interests
of the country were seriously depleted
between 1850 and 1870. In 1880 we had
in the United States 17,77s.O0O head Of
cattle; IN 1850 We had 25.G20000: in 1870
this number had been reduced by war to
23.S2O; in 1850 we had 35.925.GOo, while IN
1885 we had 45000a00.
As against this we had in 1860 popula
ton of 2400O,O00; in 1850 we had 10000
600, and IN 1855 probably 55.0oo0Oo of
people. Now in 1850 we had 1G77SO0O
cattle and 2tO00OO0 people: in 1850 we
had in round numbers 100000 OF cattle
as against 100000 population
When we come 10 take into cOnsldera-
ton the vast increase in hogs, poultry.
eggs and FISH il does not look very much
like a meat famine just now. In fact, the
increase of live stock is year by year i'm
creasiug the meat capacity Of the country
as against the increase of population
and this. notwithstanding the fact that
many eastern states have fallen OF large
Is in their meat production per capita.
We are sending off yearly vast sur
plus of meat and meat products. This is
"a it should be. 1t saves depletion Of the
soil. as is the case when the raw grain
products are exported Although to
maintain our present beef supply IN pro
norton 10 the population We must in the
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1886-07-01

will probably enter the heads of the mass
of our population, and instead OF living
on sirloin, they may live better in many
respects ON what we now virtually throw
away. When every acre of our immense
area, improved and unimproved, is stock
ed with cattle, sheep, hogs and poultry 10
their fullest extent, We may not export
SO many bushels yearly of the cereal
grains, but we may produce a larger pro
portionate amount of meat per capita
than we do now.
II IS to be hoped we may go on increas-
ing our facilities for manufacturing TO
such degree that it viii not be required
that we export either animal or vegetable
products. If we continue to breed up
our stock and at the same time increase
the bushel producing capacity of our
land in gram, and has been in England
and equally feasible here, there is little
fear of a meat famine in the near future,
except by means We cannot help.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1886-07-01
Nnhsniling.
Farm and Mirror.

The New York Times criticises bulle-
tin of the Missouri State College in re-
gard TO subsoiling The Times says:
These extremely superficial expert
ments so callcd-in subsoiling, which
are worth reading, if only an example of
the futility and folly of publishing such
crude and undigested facts as these agri-
cultural experiments. #
II goes without saying that subsoiling is
only a relative process for deepening the
soil and is of no value without accom-
panying manuring.'
Farther on, after showing the proper
ties found in the Missouri subsoil, it
says
Every tyro in agricultural chemistry.
or in the chemistry of common life,
knows thst sulphuric acid and iron, when
brought into combination, form sulphate
of non, the corrosive copperas, than
which there is no more deadly poison TO
plants in any soil"
In regard to the extremely superficial"
nature of these experiments. readers can
Judge for themselves. "What goes with
out saying" is apt to be a groundless be
lief ON a subject that has not been studied.
We never heard it claimed that regular
tine subsoil without bringing il to the sur
face, made it necessary to use more man
uro. 1t simply gives the roots chance
To 20 deeper for water III a dry time and
gives the soil greater absorbing and re
tanning capacity At least those are the
benefits looked for. If the first few inches
of soil rest on a hardpan they viii dry up
much quicker than if the subsoil was loose
as there is a chance for the moisture to
equalize. But that these benefits are not
always obtained and tht they depended
on the nature of the season which no one
can foretell Is clearly,shown by the expert
uents of Prof Sanborn. What tyros in
chemistry knows about the poisonous ma
tute of copperas for vegetation may do
for them but the writer of this knows
that he has many times planted corn that
had lain in a strong solution of copperas
tin it was as green as the darkest grass,
and in that solution the corn swelled till
was thoroughly soaked and sprouted;
and TIM. method of preparing seed corn
was practlced for many years by farmers.
THE Times seems to think that the roots
of plants must and will go as deep as the
-ubSoil pillow. for it says that subsoiling
aould be done gradually. or be accom-
panied 10y liberal manurug Whether
Prof. Sanborns experiments are as
thorough as some thocrizer might mark
Out or not, they are guided by practical
intelligence, and 10 is just possible that
the results may be as useful guide for
iae common farmers as the theory of one
Who does not know the difference between
-la.o'lng and deep blowing.