The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1886-10-22

tant reason. 1t is a fact that to the extent thai
we levy a tax upon imported goods, to that ex
text we protect our own industry. We in
duce people to go into manufacturinc
domestic goods; and, in that way
build up our own industry, because we levy this
tax not upon domestic goods, but upon for
eign goods. and to the extent of that tax it is ar
inducement to our people TO embark in various
branches of manufacturing.
No party ever formulated a system or tariff
lican party came into power. Before that tins
the tariff was up or down. The Democrats were
in favor Of Polk and Dallas. and the tariff Of
1912. After they elected Polk and Dallas, they
repealed the tariff of 1912. Sometimes they were
for one thing and sometimes TO,
another. No party set out and
established the principle of protection to
American industry until the Republican party
came into power. Then, partly on account oil
the necessities of the war, partly on account OF
the necessities Of the revenue, we formulated
and established a system and tariff list which
has been a wonderful protection and good. Upon
the other hand, the Democratic party doesn
know where it stands. Why, in his speech Mr..
Voorhees, makes a kind of protection speech.
We would let him half way into the Republican
party if he would only give bond for good be-
havior on other questions. Laughter A good
many Democratic members of the House, where
they have a majority. go with Morrison for free
trade, free pig-iron, while another little segment
of them, under Randall. cries out for some other
kind of a tariff. The Democratic party is
of public policy, great or small. lArplause.
On the other hand. we have agreed. Although
there may be a few free traders included in the
Republican party. the great mass of eur party he
lieve In the principles of Observation-Disclosures
industry against the pauper labor of Europe.
Now we have eliminated from the main princi-
Piles certain elemental principles. and they are
SO simple and so plain that everybody can un-
derstand. First we take among the great
list of articles about $120. 000, 900 worth of
imported goods, articles Of luxury, consumed
mainly by the rich, snch as champagne wine,
liquor, and tobacco, and various things, silks
and satins, and all those handsome things the
aides wear-and, God bless EN-, we don't care
how much they cost: we will pay for 1t all, any
way. These articles of luxury we levy a duty
on amounting to $780, 600. 600 or $40, 000. 900. We
next take other articles amounting. accord
ing to this printed list, to about &ll0,
DOC, 900, upon which we put no duty at all, or
so small a duty as TO almost amount to admitting
them duty free. They are articles of prime ne
cessity and cannot be produced in this country,
articles which are the growth of tropical conn
tries. In this way we make tea duty free. We
don't want the ladies to complain about their
tax OF tea, so we make it free. We made coffee
Cuty free. We don't want anybody that drinks
coffee to pay a tax on it, so We put no tax on
coffee, and $50, 00G. 900 worth is imported, which
pays no tax. So with spices. so with a number
of other articles which are used as a basis for
manufacture in this country. In this way we
admit $ll0. GOO, 900 worth of imported goods that
pay no duty, on the ground that they are con-
sumed by all classes OF our people, and therefore
the tax upon them would operate as q direct tax
upon the consumer. Then there is only one
other class-upon all articles that we can make
in this cour try, for which we have the raw ma
terial in our soil. Upon all those articles we
would levy such a rate or duty as would protect
our own manufacturer in competition with
European labor. There is the general principle.
A few remarks in application will show you
how that affects your industry here in Indiana,
because no State has been benefited more by
this quality Of protection than the State of In
diana. In 1860 we had in this country no crock
eryware, and the stoneware that was made in
this country was of the coarseSt, rudest kind.
We had no chinaware. We had no queensware
Called queensware, l suppose, because it was
good enough for a queen. 1t was made in Liv-
erpool, and most of our people used common
ware. Men who were weather. brought it from
abroad, and SO it came over here. When, dur
ing the war, it became necessary to levy a high
rate of duty, we levied a tax of 81 per cent. on
chinaware, and what was the reSultE Within
ten years after that time they had established in
Now Jersey and in Pennsylvania-f think You
have never made any here yet, although yon
have made glass with great success-and in
Ohio, and so on west, great quantities of manu-
factories, aud the result has been that we now
manufacture in this country more than 500, 900.
900 worth of chinaware and q~ueensware that was
all imported from abroad. Not only that, by do
nestle competition among our own producers,
we have so reduced the price that c%hinaware
now sells at less than one-third of what it was
in the good old Democratic times before the WAL.
Take also this glass industry. Before the war
we had no glaes manufactured in this country.
except a little at Pittsburg and a few other
places, and that was so blue it didn't let the sun
light of heaven through it without giving YOU the
bfues. 1t was poor glass. All the better glass
was brought from abroad, at a large price. Well.
We then levied a high rate of duties on glass.
and what has been the result of that? Why.
now we manufacture the best plate glass in the
world. You have here In Indiana your own
great establishment at New Albany. a manufaet-
uring establishment built up there employing
thousands of hands and over a million dollars OF
capital, where they make the best plate glass IN
the world. While / was Secretary of the Treas
nry | had occasion to examine into that. We
got Mr.. DePauw's specimens and we sent them
to Paris. We said, 1--WE want to know If you
can duplicate these specimens of plate glass "
They sent us back word that they could not do ii
at that price. The result is that this industry
sprung up here in Indiana and in other States
Ohio and New jersey, and pennsylvania-this
vast industry in which there Is invested millions
of capital, and which employs a hundred thou
sand laboring men, giving a market for the
farmer. Why. my countrymen, it is one of the
greatest developments of our times. Take this
glassware industry alone for instance, and the
result of it is, by domestic conn petition the price
of glass is only one-half of what it was before
the war, in good old Democratic times.
Another most striking case Of the protective
tariff is in this article of steel. Before the wal
we had but FIVE steel works in the United States
and they were in the State of Pennsylvania. and
they were very small affairs at that, employing
al told. only about sixty mec, and they made
this steel in pots-in small quantities. Now. my
countrymen. at the time after the war was over.
when the rebuilding of our railroads became q
matter of absolute necessity, when il was shown
that the iron was wearing out SO fast it would
last only two or three years and then to be con
verified into srake-heads running through cars
then it was established that we must have steel
rails if we would have cheap transportation o,
cheap anything. AT that time steel rails were
worth $50 a ton in Liverpool. You all know
that. you men who we're engaged in any kind oil
business. We put on this steel, after the wal
was over. a duty of $28 a ton, with
a view to inducing our own people
to engage i'll the manufacture of Bessemer
steel and supply the market with these articles.
What was the RESULT In ten years after that
- 1900 49,