davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
A ROYAL ARTIST.
The Crown-Princcss of tho German En-
pire and the Way She Works.

The Cro Princess of tho German En-
pire and the Way She Works.
Having studied like a student. the
Crown Princess now paints as an artist.
The powers of the Princess Royal have
long been acknowledged in Germany,
upon the art of which country she has
had great and lasting influence. In
1880 she was elected member of the
Berlin Academy, where she has con-
stantly exhibited. Painting admirably,
as she does, in landscape, portraiture
and still life, it is perhaps in her por-
an admirable draughtsman of the figure,
he may have the finest technique and
true love of color; he may possess q
perfect mastery of carnations (critics
always talk lot about carnations), and
yet fail entirely in portraiture. The
one essential thing is the instinct of
reading character and the power of seiz-
ing upon and depicting, with
out exaggerating or burlesque. the
salient points in the expression of
his sitter. That the Princess Royal
possesses this gift may be seen by refer
ring to our last illustration. Without
knowing the lady, one feels sure that
this is "speaking" likeness. This may
be the result of the careful study of char
acter as expressed in physiognomy.
which one expects is lesson early
taught to royal children, or one that is
quickly gained in courts, if it be not
actually inculcated. There is dignity in
the simple treatment of this picture, and
the easy pose of this figure has been skill
fully caught.
We believe that the Princess Royal
has studied under Won Angel for the
figure and under Wilberg for landscape.
1t is perhaps possible to detect the inilu-
ence of the former artist in the drawing
of the "Portrait of a Lady" The house
of Brandenburg has not the pleas
ure of the writer's acquaintance,
(Which is an instance that even
Imperial rank can not gain on every
advantage), so that he is unable to
speak of the Princess Royals methods
of work or scheme of color. Of one
thing he is sure, that she goes direct to
nature. There is an air of sincerity and
first-handness about the street scene in
Pegli which convinces one that the work
was faithfully drawn out of doors, and
probably finished on the spot. The
third picture, "Perishableness, shows
signs of the same conscientious study,
and there is an appreciation of just val
ues in it which is very noticeable. AL
though this picture very well bears
translation into black and white, we
probably losN much by missing its rich
and quiet color. Wehope one day to see
some of the royal painters pictures in
London, that English people may know
that we have an artist of whom we may
be proud in the person of Princess
whom we love.-Maqazine of art.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
JAPANESE PRISONS.
Interesting Data Concerning the Penal
Institutions of Japan.

Interesting Data Concerning the Penal
Institutions of Japan.
The Prison Association of New York
maintains n through system of corre-
spondence on prison matters with all the
civilized and semi-c;vilized countries of
the world. 1t has just received from
Mr.. Taneaki Hara, its Japanese corre-
spondent, summary of the last annual
report of the Japanese prisons. This
report shows that there are two kinds
of prisons: penitentiaries and iails.
There are six large penitentiares. One
in Tokia with l,5OS prisoners, who work
at brick-making; one at Miagi with L.
34S prisoners working in slate quarry;
one at Nuke with 756 prisoners at work
in coal mines; one in Kobatoyezo with
1,535 prisoners, and one in Sorachi-
yezo with 1859, and one in Kushira-
yezo with 100 prisoners. In the three
last named the labor is utilized in the
reclamation of waste lands. There is
little attempt ut the classification of
prisoners, and from twenty-five to forty
prisoners occupy each cell. Punishment
is the chief thought of the authorities.
The Japanese prison system is, how
ever, superior to ours, in that prisoners
are allowed some share in their surplus
earnings.
Every effort is made to promote the
health of the prisoners, in which re-
spect there has been great improve
ment in recent years. In all the penal
institutions of Japan there are 66,039
prisoners, or rather more than one per-
son to every $50 of the population. OF
this number, 5000 are women. This
would make it seem that Japan was
much more given to law-breaking than
the United States, where official records
show but one person in 1000 in the
prisons. 1t must be remembered that
our official records are far from correct,
and that in the simpler life of Japan
more rogues are caught. There is also
much allowance to be made for the fact
that the average terms of Imprisonment
are much -onger than with us. Out OF
every one thousand prisoners more than
six hundred have been found guilty OF
robbery in one of its degrees and sixty
thrAe of murder. The "criminal age, p"
rs with us and with the countries of
Europe, is from twenty to thirty-five,
there being 705 prisoners out of every
thousand between those ages There is
no attempt at moral instruction, in
which the japanese prisons are on a
par with many of our county jails, but
they are all superior to our county jails,
in which there is systematic labor.
Nearly all of the prisons are entirely
self-supporting, and are conducted with
a degree of economy that some OF our
American prison managers might imi
tate with great advantage to the public
IN. Y Observer.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
PRETTY APRONS,
The Many Differ ent Ways in Which They
May BE Made.

May BE Made.
Those of scrim or congress canvas
are very pretty. They can be made of
any size to suit the taste of the wearer.
Put broad hem all around the four
sides. Draw threads across the bot
tom, one space or several. If one
broad space is made fill it in with mar
row ribbons woven in and out in q
sort of basket work. If several narrow
spaces are preferred, use ribbon to run
in the width of the spaces. Should the
striped scrim be used, it can be trimmed
in various pretty ways. Ribbons can
be run in the open work part of the
stripe, and then along each side, crazy
stitches may be put in with bright
hucd silks. The ribbon to tie it with is
drawn through the hcn at the top.
Pongee aprons are made which are
much liked. A very tasteful one has a
broad hem all around, and a cluster of
tucks above the hem across the bot.
tom. In the lower corners, above the
hom, etch some design of flowers
in scarlet or cardinal, which colors
wash well. Draw scarlet ribbon through
the hem Mt the top TO tie it with. This
can be taken out before it is sent to the
laundry. Another most convenient
apron is made of pongee to be worn
by one who is sewing or knitting. Get
yard of material, make hem an inch
and half wide upon the four sides.
Turn it down across the bottom in the
opposite way from the sides and top.
Then turn the bottom up quarter of
yard, stitch the sides tight. and then
put the three rows of stitching perpen-
dicularly at equal distances from each
oyher and from the edges. These will
divide it into compartments into which
can be dropped thread, scissors, etc.,
when working. A little design etched
upon the center of each of these will
add much to the beauty of the apron.
Linen can be made up in the same
way. A finish of torchon lace across
the top of the turned up piece, when
linen is used, is very pretty. Swiss
aprons, etched and tied with bright
ribbons. are very dainty for homo
wear. White linen. with a hem all
around, and then strips of scarlet or
blue stitched above, are very hand
some. These strips may be made one
wide or one or two narrow ones each
side, or number of narrow ones.-M.
r.. t'a raler.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
Mr.. Bowker in his article tells -

that
"Lozenges aro rolled out like .pie.crust,
sometimes printed In carinine with hand
stamp, and then cut ont with dies Sugar
plums' and sugared almonds are made In q
very Interesting way. by .hr9wng tho nut nut
great copper pans, which are shaken by hand
or rcyolved by machinery over hot lire.
Rolled over and over In the moist sngar, .,t9 tne
or by each other, WHILE above, steam worked
fans carry Off the dry dust. Gum drops are
mixed, seven or eight hundred pounds at
time, III huge copper stcan-kettlcs, whence
the mixture is taken out into smaller kettles
to be favored and colorcd. The cheap gum.
chiefly from glucose"
Glucose is made from starch, and is
much cheaper than sugar, but is not
nearly so sweet. If you should eat II
piece of pure sugar candy, and then
candy made principally of glucose, you
would readily detect the difference.
Glucose enters largely into the manu-.
facture of marsh-mallows, and terra
alba into cheap lozenges. Plastcr-of.
Paris molds are used to form the cream
candies having various devices and
shapes. The sugar cream is poured,
while hot, into the little molds that
have been powdered with starch, and
are then placed in very he. room to
dry.
Mr.. Bowkcr says:
"Crcam or soft candies are made in n simple
way, from sugar mixed with cream of tartar
to prevent crystnllzing. 10 give them their
fancy forms, II Hat tray is filled with starch.
which is pressed into molds by II series OF
plnster.ofParis models-a drop hand, face,
berry, or what 1t may be-arranEod on a long
stick Into these starch molds the hot cream
is poured, and then allowed to dry. Some
factories have ms much fifty thousand
pounds of starch in this use. The drying
room Is kept ut high temperature, & ~ which ,,ct,
are then separated from the starch by hugo
slcves II they nre to be. gIossed, they are
placed in huge tin pans and II cold solution or
sugar poured over. them to stand over night.
In the morning the ice of sugar on top is
broken, and tho creams are found coated
with fine crystals. The liqueur drops are n
very curious product The sirup is mixed
with brandy or favored water, and is poured
into the starch molds. As 1t cools ut the top
tinuous case, imprlsoning the liquor Within"
If you have a favorite candy store,
you would better test a part OF your
next purchase for terra alba, Il white
clay that will not dissolve in water and
is very injurious if taken into the
stomach. Colored candies are some
times poisonous, and green and blue
candies should be avoided. There are
safe vegetable coloring matters seburnt
sugar for brown, saffron for yellow,
cochineal for red. These are not as
cheap as the mineral colors that are
used by many manufacturers.
Boys and girls who wish to make
strong, active men and women eat
sparingly of candy. 1t is bad for the
teeth, and, if eaten shortly before
meals destroys the appetite for nour-
ishing foods. -Christian Union.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
THRILLING SIGHTS.
Pennsylvania Natural Gas Wells Fired by
FLASHES of Lightning.

FLASHES of Lightning.
The burning of natural gas wells in
Pennsylvania are sights as thrilling to
the beholder as they are dangerous to
adjacent property. Recently one of
these wells took fire, and volume of
flame shot up into the air for several
hundred feet with velocity that was
astounding, showing that the pressure
of gas from beneath was something be-
yond comprehension. This we'll burned
for u long time in spite of all efforts to
shut off the flame. 1t was finally done
by means of huge eXtinguisher,
mouth of the we'll and then raised ver-
tically, thus shutting of the air and
smothering the flame.
A few days since, one of these wells
was set on fire in very curious man.
ner. The workmen had drilled down
until gas in small quantities was found
to arise through the boring. A sudden
storm came up, the atmosphere became
thick and prevented the gas from ris-
ing freely. The workmen anticipated
trouble, and hastily departed from the
well. They had scarcely got to safe
distance when flash OF lightning ig-
nited the gas in the atmosphere over
the well; flames instantly communi,
Gated to the we'll itself, the result be-
ing that the gas in the lower regions
was released, and shot upward with 4
terrific flame to a height of two hun
dred feet or more. The well burned
for several days, the column of flaming
gas mounting into the air and lighting
up the surrounding country for miles
Another well was struck at the sams
time in another section OF the oil re
gions, and was burning for a long time
threatening adjacent property. Fire
occurring in tho products OF the oil re
gions, whether gas or oil, are extreme
ly difficult to extinguish, and tn
amount of property lost in consequence
OF them is immense,-FIremaa's Jour
| max
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
Living Within Ones Income.

The close observer can not fail to no.
tice that the habits of our people are un-
dcrgoing decided change. We are no
longer free-handed and careless, as of
yore. We have known the tterness OF
poverty, and we have known that econ
omy Is the surcst means by which to
grasp the power that belongs to wealth.
This tendency is illustrated on the grand
scale, in the case of our banks, which
have in recent years pursued the policy
of annually laying aside a portion Of
their profits. The result of this policy
is seen in the condition OF one of those
institutions which has reserve consid-
erably larger than its capital. Our peo-
pie. rich and poor alike, are striving to
live within their means. This, after all,
is the fundamental fact OF the situation.
IN o. Times Democrat.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31
READING FOR THE YOUNG.
THEORY.


The theorotic turtle started out to see the
toad;
He came to stop at n iiberty.pole In the
middle of the road.
snow how, IN the namc of the sporting
whnlc." the indignant turtle cried,
"Can I climb this perpendicular clif, and
get on tho other side?
"If only could mako big balloon, I'd
lightly over IL fly:
Or q very long ladder might reach the top.
though 1t docs look fearfully high.
"If a beaver we're in my place, he'd gnaw o
passage tn ough with his teeth;
I cant do that, but can dig tunnel and
pass beneath"
He was digging his tunnel, with might and
main. when u dog looked down ut tho
hole.
The easiest way, my friend" snid he, "is
to walk around the pole"
"A. II. Wells, IN 50. Nicholas.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31

when that same day the proof-rcader
had corrected an historical blundcr
which would have cost the author dearly
had IL seen the light. He has seen an
author brag of his penmanship, and
when his manuscript has been sent TO
him, because IL was unrcadablc. he him.
self was scarcely able to decipher 1t.
Indeed it would not be surprising to
see proof-readers' union formed. the
members of which should take Il solemn
oath to ruin authors by letting the world
sec their blundors andinaccuracee. For
the wrongs of the long-suilering proof
reader are many, his grievances great.
Detroit Free Press
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31

fond OF music and is therefore giving
her daughter Nellie very thorough
musical training. There is little doubt
that If Mrs. Gould were asked what she
most desired in this world she would
answer to have her husband relinquish
all business and devote his time to home
cnioyments with his family. .-Fa'lddet-
mia 7f.,tes.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31

I'm the laboratory of life each now
conner repeats the old experiments,
and laughs and weeps for himself. We
will be explorers, though all tho high
ways have their sign-boards and every
by-path is mapped.-A. s. Hardy.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31

Three young men of Boston recent
ly rode their bicycles from that city to
New Orleans, u distance OF one thou
sand seven hundred mlle&
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31

Il have always preferred cheerful
ness to mirth. The latter consider as
an act, tho former as q habit. Of the
mind.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1886-07-31

The New Jersey mosquito Is larger
and thirst.er than ever this year.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1886-05-06
University, N. Y, had a portion of

University, N. Y, had portion of
clover crop analyzed, roots and all, and
after drying it until the roots contained
only 10 per cent. of water and the stalks
III per cent, the stops of stalks on an
acre of ground were found to weigh g.
295 pounds, while the roots of an acre
weighed 1893 pounds. Thus it will be
seen that it is important to have the
crop remain on the ground for the second
years growth since they continue to
grow from the start, while the tops are
cut off or die down each year.
Another object in letting the crop re-
main so long without ploughing up is,
that as the roots grow long they pene-
trate to a greater depth into subsoil
and carry into it elements Of nature
which release and utilize plant food in
that stratum which would otherwise lie
dormant. Still nother.advautage is the
snothering of the weeds. a good heavy
growth of clover will do this pretty
efTectually. 1t will also rot out old
stumps by keeping them almost constant
ly wet. Glover can hardly be dispensed
with on clay lands, and the man who
undertakes to farm without it makes q
great mistake, and he will be fortunate
if he discovers it early.-Journal Of Ag.
riculture.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1886-05-06
easonipc to reach the conclusion that

reasoning to reach the conclusion that
when the fields have been meagre in pro-
duction the markets must necessarily be
meagre in afFording opportunities for that
extent and activity in trade from which
the artifcers, in contradistinction to the
producers, in the great hive of human
energy, derive the big results of their
operations. Thus we see that, without
qualification, it is universally conceded
that agriculture is the basis Of all busi'
ness, the bottom of all commerce among
men, the supreme agency in the regula-
tion of all movements in that immeasu-
rable machinery by which the perpetual
motion of mans energy is uniformly
maintained. This being so, it is matter
of amazement, when we como to think of
it, that men of intelligence and sagacity
in all the other callings of life should
be so blind to their own interests as not
only to do nothing for the furtherance Of
agriculture, but actually to combine and
conspire against the farmers interests
and the farmers rights; for it is fact
that the Liller Of the soil, somehow under
the workings Of trade, as general thing,
derives from the profits of his capital
and his labor but gricvously dispropor-
tionate share of the values that are
evolved from them. This should not be
so, and the time is not far in the future
when q more advanced civilization will
say it shall not be so.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1886-05-06
Clover as a Fertilizer.

The question as to the value of clover
as fertilizer, when aud how it is most
valuable, &c, has had limited discussion
in these columns, ard is entitled to all
the consideration it is likely to receive.
Glover is biennial plant, and 10 do
the land the most goad should be allowed
full possession of the grnun.l until into
the second year. Probably The best re-
suits will follow ploughing in the first
crop of the second year when in full
bloom, but the crop IS so valuable for
feed when cut aud cured that most farm
ers will prefer to do that and plough
under the second crop, which is almost
as good, AID with the additional growth
of roots Is, in some cases, just as good.
The value OF the roots vi clover is sonle-
times overlooked and scarcely ever APP
preciated. Prof Roberts, of Cornell
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1886-05-06
Ensilagc.

Ensilage is no humbug, but has come
to stay. 1t has been faithfully tried now
for several years, and all practical farm
ers who have tried it join in the same
verdict, that it is good, and we can't
afford to do without it. There are yet
some doubtful ones that think it is too
expensive; that it will do for men of
large means, but small farmers can't
afford such things. 1t is all a mistake.
a silo to hold ensilage is cheaper built
than barn to hold the same quantity of
hay cured dry; they can be built of
stone, brick, concrete, timber or dirt.
Where the clay is clear of stone, pit
dug in it and properly drained and shell.
tered will keep it nicely, and for weight,
there is plenty convenient. Cover your
ensilagc with boards and throw on one
foot of earth, and you have all the
weight you want; it is better than stone,
or barrels of earth or gravel, as it more
effectually excludes the air.
Ensilage of corn should be planted in
May, so as to be ripe the latter part of
August or early in / ptember; then you
have more leisure to cut, haul and put
away than you do later. I call it ripe
when fully silked and tasseled, then the
sugar is in the stalk; before that it is
tasteess. 1t should be cut down and
allowed to wait four or five days before
you haul to the pit, and it should be
always cut up as it is put in; it is great
saving of time to do it then, and it keeps
much easier, as it can be spread in the
pit more evenly than when left whole,
and packs better. From one inch to one
and one.half inches is better than shorter,
and if allowed to dry few days before
cutting up it loses its watery sap and
makes sweeter ensilage. l have tried
cutting it up as fast as I cut it in the
field, but I found that having so much
watery sap in it then, it invariably be-
came very acid, but the other way it
made sweet ensilage. I have tried put
ting it up whole twice, and will never do
it again, if can possibly help it, as it
is difficult to get it packed evenly, and
then the air will travel down the sides
and damage it very much on the sides of
the pit. There are other materials be.
sides corn. Rye, cut in the bloom and
cut up, makes good ensilage. Glover,
pea vines or most any kind of green
grass will make good ensilage.-Southcm
Plnnfer
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1886-05-06
USefnl Information for the Southern
Farmer,

Under the caption Farming and the
Farmers" the Industrial South says:
Every mans interests are involved in
every method and every means for tho
encouragement and improvement ofagri
culture; and yet, palpable as this truth
is, it is rare to come up with anv man,
not an agriculturist, who, in the pursuit
of his own immediate ends through the
agency of his own particular calling, is
not altogether forgetful of the fact that
in the lap of old Mother Earth, at last,
is always lying the fortune of the follow.
ers of every vocation in life, whether
they be merchants or mechanics, lawyers
or doctors, preachers or teachers. 1t is
just there that most material joint in
the harness of the human industries is
allowed to be so overlooked, neglected
and impaired in its functions that the
whole panoply of productive power is
filled with riffs, for agriculture to be
assailed on every side, and for all the in
cidental arts really dependent upon it to
be betrayed into antagonisms ultimately
as hurtfal to them as 10 the farming art
which is the victim of their 6nesse.
When the seasons have been favorable
and the crops are good, there is cheerful
ness in all trade circles. Why is this so :?
For the simple reason that crops mean
money, and money means business, and
business means profit and prosperity for
the men of business, whether they be
bankers, or manufacturers, or transport
ters, money leaders, or money.spenders.
On the other hand, when the seasons
have been bad and the crops arc short
there is a general depression Of spirits
among men Of reelection in all the dc
partmcnts Of trade. And why is this SO !?
For the simple reason that it requires no