The Hawaiian gazette., 1886-11-02
A New Sugar Process .

make use Of the many and CONSPICUOUS
advantages possessed by the tilter-preSs
for the filtration of cane sugar solutions.
For & long time. all such attempts failed.
either on account OF the gummy and mu-
cilaginous matters present IN the cane
sugar solutions being deposited on the
cloth, and 50 arreStng filtration; or else
the large surface OF iron and lime preSen-
ted by the plates of tilter-preSs and the
cSkeS which il contained. were found 10
have q dagkening effect on the sugar solu-
tions so filtered. From these and other
causes. the filter-prOSs, with all its acknOw-
ledged advantages, has been discarded by
Manufacturers and Refners of Cane sugar.
and has been used 10 3 limited extent
merely for the filtration OF the sGmmings.
bottoms etc, Of some Plantations. or has
been given over 10 the undisputed posses
sion Of the manufacturers of Beet sugar.
4 change has however taken place. and
by means Of s very simple process at pres
ent being introduced into this colony. the
tlter-pr Is made available for the filtra-
ton Of Cane juice. The new process Is
called the kleeman" or Brown Coal =
process. The peculiar action OF brown
coal on sugar liquors, was discovered and
pstented by German named Fritz hlee-
man. N 1891. This patent was purchased
from Mr.. hleeman by = The Sugar Rein
ers Appliances Co. Limited" OF 139. ST
Vincent Street. Glasgow. The substance
used IN this process i known under the
name Of Ignite, Brown Coal. Moss Coal.
Peat Coal and Tertiary Coal 1t IS simply
vegetable matter II an intermediate stage
between peSt or ~pegass" and carbona-
cious coal Indeed, 50 closely does peat
IN many eases, approach the nature Of
brown coal. that II was considered neces-
Sary for the patentee 10 include that, in
his specification.
Brown coal Is as widely distributed over
the earth as true coal II Is found IN
France, Italy, China, India and New Zea-
land In the United States Of America
there are enormous deposits Of this sub
stance In the State OF Vermont. and all
along the banks Of the Mississippi. In the
northwest territory OF Canada. there are
deposits OF il 2l00 feet thick In Ireland.
on the shores Of Lough Neagh, there ex-
lists deposit Of this substance, extending
ever an area Of 10 miles long by miles
wide, and averaging about 90 feet in thick
ness In the vilds Of Deyonshire at Bo-
vey-Tracey. there also exists very exten-
sive deposit; deposit, which. by the way,
Is ta present being worked IL connection
with this process The great storehouse
Of brown coal. Is however, Germany; there
in many parts, nothing but brown coal Is
used as fuel. both in the furnace of the
factory and the stove Of the cottage. 1t
Is also used for various manufacturing [
purpose.
To prepare the brown coal for the Klee- I
man process, nothing Is necessary, but TO 4
reduce the coal TO fine powder, an opera /
tion which Is very speedily accomplished 4
by means Of disintergTatOr. This pow 4
dered coal Is added IN certain quantities 4
10 the sugar solution, and intimately 4
mixed. The temperature Of the solution .
having been raised above 80 degrees f.
the whole mass Is az once forced through .
the filter press; the filtered liquor comes
from the press bright and clear having
parted not only with Its grosser impuri-
ties, but also with : large portion Of its
color II sufficient brown coal has been
added. none Of the usual drawbacks at
tending the use OF filter press VIII be OBJ
served The brown coal. by Its abSorptiye
properties, catches up and absorbs the
gunmy and aIbUminoUs substances pre-
sent in sugar solutions, and by prevent
ing them from being deposited on the
cloth. allows the liquor 10 flow freely from
the press. The resulting cakes are hard
and dry. and can be al once used with
other fuel II the furnances OF the steam
boilers This process has been IN use
with marked success for some months II
various sugar retneries IN London. Green
ock and Amsterdam. and IN Boston IN the
United States Of America.
The method adopted. Is as f0lloHs:-
The cane juice, having been treated IN the
usual manner until It reaches the clarif .
ars- / e. heated. tempered. and If neces-
ssry, sulphured. quantity OF brown coal,
equal in weight 10 rom 10 to 30 per cent
Of the indicated sugar present II the juice
Is added and Intimately mixed. If the
has fallen, II Is necessary that +
t be again raised TO between $50 deg. and
110 deg. f but not higher. The brown
soal being now properly mixed. the whole
mass bottoms. sknmIngs- coal. etc Is all
oreed into the flter-press- The juice
flows freely from the press, beautifully
FRIGHT and clear, and OF q light straw
sOlor Not single trace OF foceulent
natter can be observed IN 1t: and when it q
: submitted TO either heat or chemical
est. no trace Of sIbumen can be observed
the juiee Is nov ready for the triple effect
After having been concentrated IN the 4
riple effect # VIII be found to have &C
luired a dark color and muddy appear
nee: this Is caused by the separation and
.Olidifying OF certain impurities IN the
uice BY concentration To produce d per r
ectly pure sugar, and TO obtain the full
oenefts Of this process 1t Is necessary to
nix with the concentrated syrup & guam
ity of brown coal equal IN weight to from ,
to 10 Per cent Of the indicated sugar Y
Iresent IN the syrup: the temperature Of