The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-11-17

! Towering stalk OF 4 tnrnlp SnOolS lo III u ie'
days from its enlarged underground root, II
which material Tor growth had been store
the preceding autumn.
/ 1t is gratifying to uote an increasing dcSir
and disposition among our farmers 10 rais
needed supplies at home. Bread and mril
head the list of these, and as earc Il wheat
eating people. it is extremely desirable INA
I varieties adapted to our climate should DC GlS
covered or developed. Every plant we cult
! vate does or may, acquire special adaptation
! to any locality in which IT. can grow :tt ~,
Note the varieties of corn North ana SOUTH
the rust-prOOf oat of the south ana INC sever
al kinds at the North. Rye from the North
west fails utterly in the South, even th9ugl
one cannot detect any difference in appear
ancc of seed or other parts OF the Plant. In
| same holds in case of fruits and vegetables
, With these facts before us, is it unrCasonahl
to suppose that variety or varieties of whcl
| might be developed at the South, thorough.
adapted TO its soils and climates? Mh.
should wheat form an exception? III mas Deei
localized in Other, portions OF inc Woria; n
Medi.errane an whcals grown for centuries II
! southern Europe and in Egypt are marKe'
varieties compared with those of northern
regions Why may not the cotton STATE
have corresponding varieties adapled u
! them . If farmers would examine their %hea
| fields carefully before harvest, and when rus
| prevails, gather the heads OF these stalk
which arc entirely or most nearly iree ron
rust. sow the seed from these ny thcnlSelVc
the next season, and again select as Dciore
and continue doing thus for q few years, W.
| have little doubts Il rust-prool variety could D'
established. Further selection OF the mos
prolific stalks with best dcre'opcd Sceu, %nul'
carry The Improvement still further. Time
would he saved and chances OF success III
creased by starting with varietieS-llke lh'
! Mediterrancan-which have already become
accustomed to warm climates.
In the meantime. those varieties may D'
sown which the concurrent testimony or
nei.hborlIood shows TO have succccd"d beS
in Is. AS stated before, the seeding dow
should be done as carly In November as pos
siblc. Wheat follows cotton admirably, nn'
! the highest drycSt land should bc selected fo
IT, The surface soil to q depth OF three o
| four inches. should be brought into the fines
! thh by plowing, rolling ana narroWinG
| Is Incorporated with this surface soil. Ii cot
ton seed is applied, it should be pscwed ir
with the wheat. Commercial fertilizers may
be plowcd in shallow or narrowed in In uid
en- times fifty bushels of cntton seed To th'
acre was regarded as safe guarantee OF
good crop, even on poor land. Thirty buSncl'
OF cotton seed and one hundred and nifty
pounds OF acid phosphate per acre is rrctcra
hle to fifty bushels of seed alone. Three hun
dreu pounds of cotton seed meal is anOu
equivalent TO thirty bushels OF seed: ana may
be substituted in place of them. The above
quantities of manure may he applied ut th'
time of seeding. In the spring II may some
times be desirable AMI profitable to give ;
light top dressing Of phosphate, nitrate OF so
tla and kainit or salt. During winter IL u
every unusually hard freeze: rs soon MS tht
ground is entirely thawcd. The freezing, ever
when 1t docs not lift the pant out o. th'
ground, destroys the necessary contact OF tllt
roots with the sol, and interfcreS with thei
absorption OF water and food.
IT. by use of proper Sievcs. the small, impcr
feet grains are removed from the seed wheat
o e bnshcl of seed Is enough for an acre
Well trained hands can SON seed very uni
rormly but as II rule it would pay farmer tC
have a Seed-sower. Some of these are chcal
enough to bc within the reach OF al, and the
rapidity and uniformity Of their sowing Sno
pays for them. Irregular sowing and irreGn
lar covering, so that 4 part of the young
plants die out from orcrcrowding, ana par
OF the seed never comes up rom b"ing cover
ed with clotiS or something else, have caused
a great waste of seed. IL is probable that
from small, defective sec'l, irregular sowing
and improper covering, one-iourth or more o
the seed sown Is practically lost After duo
preparation, SOW the seed, pillow in lightly
not more Than two inches. If necessary har
rowland finish up by rolling the land.
The frequent destruction OF fall oats by cold
has discouraged the fall sowing of oats and {;
partial substitute is very Desirable especially
in the northern portions Of the cotton belt
Barley appears To he the best within reach
II is very hardy; seldom injured by cold and
SupplieSa very excellent feed for horses. Tho
unsettled question is, III what shape and how
TO frpU it.? We have seen ii stated that, in
California; horses are turned loose on II STACK
of barley as cows are upon Il Stack OF nay oil
straw. Alter Dlriey Is Illlt SileN ana lnc Dt;lTu
broken off tho grains, the latter could certain
Is be fed like any other grain. Caniot some
reader throw thclight OF experience on This
point? II barley Is SOwn on ordinary lanI
without fcrti iHHtiun, not moro than one and
"A halr or two bushels should he Suwn on an
aclc c: and November is Il good month to SOW
it when the object is not grazing or SOiling
hut the production OF grain and straw. II
should always, however, be SOWn on The best
land that is available, and mere or less ma
nuring will pay. aS ii docs on almost every
crop. AS there is great certainty of not being
wntcr killed and the crop Is a. irrc from Gas
ualtipS as any gown, one Gun very tru>tingly
apply manure To it. Since writing the above
Judge Belts the Co'amSS lonCrof AS' iculturC
of Alabama, has informed uS that for twenty
years lie has raised barley for horSc-lrcd in
northern Alabama, with great success, ami
feeds il lust as he feeds shcaf oats. With bar
ley as with rye. it is important to SOW bone
grown seed. Most OF the seed obtained from
the North is spring-rAiScd: and viii not du
well in our climate. The May birds are the
greatest enemy to this crop. They usually
pass through our section when the barley is
in milk and prove quite destructive. Boys
and siurgunS arc the best remedies.
As cold weather approaches, suitable pro-
vision should be made for the care of Sioct.
Close barns and cellars are rarely needed in
our warm clilnate; hut shelter from cold
rains and barrie agalrS st winds are iInpcr;t
lively called for. Simple shelters rlanked up.
o.. even well brushed up on tic north and
west sides, will answer cvcry purpose They
NAV be constructed of poles, tO tie had on cv-
cry farm, and covered with plank roofs. which
can be taken down when the winter is over
and stored away urder shelter until the next
season. Thus managed, they will last Il Very
long time.
The usual practice in feeding ''roughncss'
is to throw it OH the ground, and lot The COWS
pick over and tramp upon il, and the tramp
ing usually eXce' ds the picking. II iSa most
wlStcful practice. \ better, and 1T same
time incXpcnSi!c and convenient method is
Z bny pf-S f.
not wide enough apart To admit the cow 5
nose, hut only its tongue so that IL can pull
out only Il little at u lilnr. 1t not only pre-
vents waste from forage being pulled out and
trOd under foot, hut enables the animals to
tear oil pieces small enough Ia Uc chewcd-tO
divide Il shuck, for Instance, into several
mOuthlu!s.
1t is also very desirable 10 supply animals
with water, not too cold during cold weather
Cows drink q large quantity nf water, and
when the latter is nearly at The freezing point,
10 has to he warmed up in the stomach by ami
NAL hcat-raiSed, say forty fp one hundred de-
grccS. Now, animal heat is generated from
food and il an animal drinks much COLI Wat
ter it, must cat more food wirr"with To warm
IT, If practicable. water Should be conducted
in q pipe, some distance underground, from q
sprin. TO the lot. IT would thus get within
reach of animals at temperature OF about
sixty degrees. Such an arrangement would
also insure animals against the ne. lcct of ser
wants In supplying water or of supplying il
regularly. III one considers the time conSlInl-
ed in drawing water from Il well and Carrying
it to animals. or in leading animals to IL Wa
tcring trough day after day and year after
wear how luur would the |: Dor and time thus