National Republican., 1886-12-07

unRencN, ana WhiCh snail make unnecessary
an Objectionable volume Of special legisla-
tlon.
AS long az we adhere TO the principle Of
granting pensions for service, and disability
as the result OF the service, the allowance
Of pensions should be restricted to cases
presenting these features.
Every patriotic heart responds to tender
consideration for those who, having served
their country long and we'll, are reduced TO
destitution and dependence, not as an incl
dent Of their service, but with advancing
age or through sickness or misfortune. We
are all tempted by the contemplation OF
such a condition 10 supply relief, and are
often impatient Of the limitations OF public
duty. Yielding to no one in the desire to
indulge this feeling OF consideration, / can
not rid myself Of the conviction that IL
these ex-sOdiers are TO be relieved, they
and their cause are entitled to the benefit
Of an enactment under which relief may be
claimed as right, and that such relief
should be granted under the sanction Of
law, not in evasion Of III nor should such
worthy objects Of care, all equally entitled,
be RENTED to the unequal operation OF
sympathy or the tender mercies OF social
and political influence, with their unjust
determinations,
The discharged soldiers and sailors OF the
country are our ellow.citiZens, and inter
ested with us In the passage and faithful
execution Of wholesome laws. They can
not be swerved from their duty Of citizen
ship by artful appeals to their spirit of
brotherhood born Of common peril and
suffering, nor will they exact as a test of
devotion to their welfare willingness to
neglect public duty in their behalf.
On the 4th Of March, 1885, the current
business Of the patent Office was, on an
average, five and half months in arrears,
| and, in several divisions, more than twelve
months behind. At the close OF the last
| fiscal year such current work was but three
months In arrears, and IL is asserted and
| believed that In the next few months the
delay In obtaining an examination OF an
application for patent will be but nomi-
nal
The number of applications for patents
during the last fiscal year, including reis-
sues, designs, trademarks, and labels,
equals 40,GIS, which is considerably in ex-
cess Of the number received during any pre-
cedng year.
The receipts of the patent office during
the year aggregate 81 ,205, le7SO, enabling
| the Jilice to turn into the treasury surplus
revenue, over aud above all expenditures,
Of shout S1R3, ,710.30.
The number of patents granted during
the last fiscal year, including reissues,
trade marks, designs, and labels, was ,6l9
"a number also quite largely in excess Of
that Of any preceding year.
lut lNHblN VI lhO tuDMb
the Office to he in prosperous condition
and constantly increasing in its business.
No increase OF force is asked for.
The amount estimated for the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1886, was $S00,76 The
amount estimated for the year ending June
so, 1857, was $S53,960. The amount esti-
mated for the fiscal year ending June 30,
The Secretary of the Interior suggests a
change in the plan for the payment OF the
Indebtedness Of the Pacific subsidized roads
to the government. His suggestion has the
unanimous Endorsement Of the persons Sc
lected by the government TO act as directors
OF these ro DIS and protect the interests Of
the United States In the board OF direction.
In considering the plan proposed the sole
matters which should be taken into account,
In my opinion, are the situation of the gov
ernment as a creditor and the surest way 10
secure the payment of the principal and In
teIest OF its debt.
By recent decision OF the Supreme
Court of United States 1t has been adjudged
that the laws Of the several states are inop-
erative to regulate rates Of transportation
upon railroads II such regulation interferes
with the rate Of carriage from one state
into another. This important field of con.
troll and regulation having been thus left
entirely unoccupied, the expediency OF fed
eral action upon the subject is worthy OF
consideration.
The relations Of labor TO capital and oi
laboring men to their employers are of the
utmost concern to every patriotic citizen.
When these are strained and distorted un-
justiilable claims are apt to be insisted upon
by both interests, and In the controversy
which results the welfare Of all and the
prosperity OF the country are jeopardiZed
Any Intervention Of the general govern
ment within the limits Of Its constitutions
authority to avert such q condition should
be willingly accorded.
In special message transmitted TO the
Congress at its last session | suggested thu
enlargement Of our present labor bureau
, and adding to Its present functions the
power Of arbitration In cases where differ
ences arise between employer and employed
When these differences reach such O stage
as to result In the interruption Of commerce
, between the states, the application OF thi'
, remedy by the general government might
} be regarded as entirely within its constitu
tonal powers. And / think we NIGH
reasonably hope that such arbitrators, II
= carefully selected, and II entitled to the
| confidence OF the parties to be affected
! would be voluntarily called to the settle.
mCnt of controversies OF less extent and
not necessarily within the domain Of fedora
regulation.
am Of the opinion that this suggestion
Is worthy the attention OF the Congress.
7 But after all has been done by the passage
7 of laws, either federal or state, to relieve
situation full Of solicitude, much more re
} mains to be accomplished by the reinstate
r ment and cultivation Of true American
! sentiment which recognizes the equality o
American citizenship. This, In the light O
: Of our institutions, would teach that
! hearty cooperation on the part Of all In
! terests Is the surest path to national great
l ness and happiness of all our people; tina
4 capital should, In recognition of the broth
Q erhood OF our citizenship and In spirit o
t American fairness, generously accord Il
Q labor Its just compensation and considera
j tion, and that contented labor is capital
Q best protection and faithful ally. 1t woul,
s teach, too, that the diverse situations OF ou
y people are ipseparable from our civilization
: that every citizen should, in his sphere, b
c contributor to the general good; tina
j. capital does not necessarily tend to the OF
Q preston Of labor, and that violent disturb
/ ances and disorders ALLEVIATE from their pro
;. moters true American sympathy and klndl
n feeling.
l. The department OF agriculture, repre-
sentiDg the Oldest and largest Of our na
y tiohal Industries, is subscribing well IL
b purposes Of its organization. BY the intI
II duction of new subjects of farming ente
prise, and by opening new sources of agr
10 cultural wealth and the dissemination
y early information concerning productio
i and prices, 1t has contributed largely to IL
country's prosperity. Through this agenc
N advanced thought and investigation touel
d ing the subjects 1t has in charge SHOULD
IS among other things, be practically apple
t. to the home production at low cost
s, articles of food which are now importe
or from abroad. Such an innovation wi
t. necessarily, OF course, in the beginning
8, within the domain of intelligent exper
ID ment; and the subject in every stage shou
y, receive all possible encouragement from Il
70 government.
The interests OF millions Of our citlzel
ic engaged in agriculture are involved in {
20 enlargement and improvement Of the r