Signal-Copiahan. (Hazlehurst, Copiah County, Miss.) 1885-1888, 1886-01-28
ElOuR.MAklNQ.
How wheat and Other Grain Are Con.
yerted lnto RIour.

How wheat and Other Grain Are Con.
verified into Flour.
In theory the making Of flour from
wheat Is simple, and though there is
such a maze Of machinery in the mill,
It Is after oil quite easy to understand,
at least In general principles. The
FIRST thing to do is to make the wheat
clean. AS il comes to the mill II con.
tains oats, corn, weed seeds Of various
kinds. smutty wheat, etc, all OF which
must be taken out before the wheat
goes to the rolls.
The first thing to be taken out is tho
wire which comes from the harvester.
The wire, which was used In binding
the wheat, is cut by the threshing ma.
chine into fine pieces, which II seemed
apparently impossible to get out. But
a bright man invented machine that
does IL and does not miss wire. The
machine is comparatively sample and
consists mainly of shect.zinc, at the
lower under edge Of which is n row OF
magnets. Over this sheet the wheat
passes in q thin, wide stream, and rs il
passes the magnets the wire is held fast
by them. A scrapcr passes along this
edge aud scrapcs them all oil to one
side.
The wheat now passes to the oat
separator. This is large cylinder ON
the inner surface Of which are pressed
cavities, or dents. II we may call them
so, just large enough to hold wheat,
but not large enough to hold the oats
or corn. The wheat passes into the
cylinder. drops into these cavities, and
is carried up the side of the cylinder.
A stationary brush. which just touches
the side of the cylinder, and Is
placed part way up, catches all OF the
oats and corn that may have been car
ricd so far. and drops them down to
the bottom OF the cylinder. Further
up, or as soon as the cylinder has
turned SO far. the wheat drops, and is
caught ON system of sleeves like =
tanning MILL This one description is
sufficient for our purpose, which IL
only to show that the wheat is made
perfectly clean before grinding.
The cookie separator is made ON the
same principle rs the oat separator,
the main difference being that, rs the
cookie seed is smaller than the wheat.
the "dcnts" are made smaller, 50 as
to hold the cookie and other small
seeds and leave the wheat.
The next machine is the shutter,
where all the smut is taken from the
wheat. The last machine is the Becker
brush in which the wheat passes
through brushes that take oil the dirt,
rub on the "fuzz" Oh the kernel and
make it clean as it is possible To make
whole wheat. The only dirt left Is
what is in the crease Of the kernel.
The wheat is now ready for grinding,
and passes to the first reduction rolls.
There are eight sets Of these in the mill
placed side by side. The rolls on these
are Of corrugated iron, the frs, ma
chine having eight corruga,ions on the
rolls. the second twelve, each one in
creasing by four TO the sixth. which
has twcn,y-eight. In passing through
the first rolls the wheat is cracked, the
lrt i'm the crease released and some
Hour made.
The cracked wheat now goes to the
upper story, where il passes over q
wire cloth called u scalper All the
flour made is taken out, the dirt OF
course going with it, This is the low
est grade of flour made, and is scarcely
tit for bread, though it is sometimc'
used for that purpose.
The cracked wheat now goes TO the
second rolls, where il is cracked finer
than before. and again Ia second
"scalpcr''. where the next 10 the lowest
grade Of flour is taken ont. This wheat
then passes in succession through the
rolls and scalpers TO the fifth. u por'
ton Of Hour being taken out by the
.calpcrs each time.
The cOarscr parts or "mlddlings
are now taken to purifier where al
the impurities are blown out The
purified middlings are now ready to b,
ground into flour. This is done 10y
passing them between porcelain rolls,
after which the product passes to tho
bolts and the flour passes through, leav'
ing still portion to be ground again
This last part is ground with Buhrs anC
bOltcd.
At the sixth reduction. with the iror
rolls. the bran is separated and carried
tn the bran lustcr where the most o
the flour adhcring to the bran is separ
ated and carried to the lowest grade o
flour, the bran being carried to a room
to be modc ready for shipment.
While going through the process o.
purifying in the middling' purifier
portion of the flour is carried alonS
with the impurities to the dust room
The contents of the dust room are after
wards returned and rcground. The
flour is separated and carried to thu
lo,v,st Grade - IT,sf,yn Pi0uDl1u