Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1886-10-03
inns. EARTHQUAKES. AND VOL-
CANOES.
Are IEcy Alike Caused 10y Planoio-y
AttgaCtfoa?

CANOES.
are ILcy Alike caused by Plancia-y
Attraction?
n. Tie Editor cf Ike Tribune:
Sr.-Imagine s globe Of thirteen feet
ia diameter filed with & liquid. a,'
rs,tcr. au5 with solid crust Only one
inch thick. aua il would represent, CON-
rs7s.ye.v. the earth with its fifty niles
81 crust and nearly eight thousand
miles Or interior. ], iss ve.l-known
fact that heat increases the deeper W
descend into the oarth. I,is tss been
ssce1.ained by sciaa, experiment 10
.scq mixes, AID tbs increase % one
.e--ce ir temperature f1r every dily
feet u 6ep.h would prod re q leit
tve-.y.s'-1t miles down that would
uCt every known substance. There
lor, 70, probabilities aye thai The c,a,t
is les ra.LC ,hs1 more than Lfy RIFLES
,- thickness. Professor Ball Saws: 4
ier tc. q lr.csworG will 50 keep in
Tie beat q 6 mighty b,ast-farnsce that
Tut I,t'l VIII escape. Cannot. then
w score li'cs 4 rock nearly mask
,ho heat m the depth Of the earth,
even though the beat we're seven times
hotter than The ni-h-i-st hlsst--1rls1e
}l&teTt- existed
Suppose We had o Bal Of & substance
more elastic than rubber. Fast,a s
cod .c i,. an. taking hold Of the other
md Ct the cord. win. /, sr91nj rapidly.
We can readily understand that. or &C.
com. u Us elasticity aui by reason Of
the two opposing 1o',ss-thAt o. the
cord a-5 lie centrifugal force pulling
IL the rauc uue-it would lgns;Hea
cut in one direction ana RATION c)rre-
sec1Gi,-l, 10 the other. Ih1s II IS
rl.t he u1ts. The earinis not Vhlried
rsris.v around the moon. bat Ire-
-.e.v tie same effect is produced.
Tie moons 8t,rsci.o1 IS coa,.a7;
.u' On de- eR-'1--,he sSme IS TIE
cord o. tie e.ast. substance. sid
,se eas'Ls velocity OF more ,aaa
,hou- aaG miles minute on rs journey
,,-ur3 ,tc sun. produce, an opposing
,1l corresponding 20 TIE centrifugal
re acting on the elastic oJ1y = %.
tra Of The ccr6 aud between the tTo
gr,e. tie csI,h has v9WeIia. tel.sn-
IS 10 t.orgste, TIE same a Lad the
Elastic body: a1d tie oceans. by reason
,f tbtir physical condition, being able
respond. The re-llt IS ocean.u1es on
De $50 5. 5ts Of the earth With are
opposite % esch other AMI u d.rect
.l-c ri,a The moon.
aut Sc should not overlook the iac,
ia, e. llere j. water OF the surface
iev miles deep, there J., also a vast
LIQUID mass inside Of The earth nearly
cslt tb,1 ard miles teep. when must
e ee..l,y elastic and sJle 30 respond.
ard, oy the lsv o. gravity, mas. It.
s.cr8. 20 the tvo forces IN the same
manner ard IL the -sue direction as me
-a4'ace.u5es. THIS MIS- ci liquid
MISTER. ey reason Of lis immensely,
aust exert tn enormous outward
pressure On lie inner s5c 81 the
e.f.h's ernst lo Us tendency 20
ncr..ts. Nov. We VIII Suppose.
- he notion cl The bodies 0! the
solar system 2 uae comes when the
.ra tr5 Crc crtNo o. lle larger planets
come iu 8 direct lire with the moon and
ssr.h. vh5ch wss the case e. the time
q The Charleston shock. ). being jup,-
-er .1ec. ;ht larees; Cd al tls planets.
Ihe result WCull le On additional 81
Traction the tendency Of the immense
uc.tsr mass within the earth % elon-
cato would be Augmented, md i.s out
ward pressure coIIespo1liae'y IN
creased. Itm,eat be suits. lent % over
come The resistance ol ne earth crust
.a weak par,, aal tacfe would then
re sr earthquake. But the velocity OF
,Le lsrlh On rs axis is 50 grea,
,hst tae weak par, 10 II crlst
would De rapidly cs-riel away from he
,trsiu au3 the pressure cor-espon1iogly
diminished. IL about tventv-lJa-
hours, however, he earth wolll be
Ic2ilg u the same position again, and
another slight shock would probably he
fclt in the same weakened part. But
IS the moon Is continually changing rs
position. j. would Re somewhat out of
lae with the other bodies, and this Q.l-
ference would increase from day 70 day
and the su4in coregDondingly decrease.
This condition Of thing ire same
position CT ,he earth IN conjunction With
The moon, SUD, and = large planet,
might not occur again for : thousand
Years. aid the liability Of 2 repetition
ofthe disturbance a. the same pon; FOR
some time to come would be very slight.
II wei 60 back to q tina when the
etrth's crust was not very thick II was
not then in any part able 10 Withstand
the great pressure Of thsse internal
tides, and WAS continually barstinc
outward in one direction and inward
in tbe other, as the earth ,arned On us
axis. This continued for ages, but as
The earth went on cooling there came
a time When the crust became sulh-
GENTLY thick 10 withstand the strain,
ard the internal tides burst through oaly
IN such places AS bad continued weak
by their occasional action, and the phs.
Domena Of volcanoes were produced.
Ice forms on still water with Gai-
form thickness. Bat when In high.