Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-09-19

emigrants come from the German countries.
Returning To the speed of ocean vessels,
Mr. Alexander Farlinger. one Of our Cana
dian passengers. tells me that Mr.. Thomas
Stevens, the head Of the Canada Pacific
railroad, is having a line Of fast steamers
built to connect England with his railroad.
The passage by them will be shorter than that
TO New York, and they are to be made fast,
without regard to expense. Mr.. Far
linger characserizes Stevens as the Vanderbilt
Of the Canadas and says be has made great
fortune out of the Canada Pacific.
The fastest Atlantic steamer in the world at
present is the Etruria, which arrived in Eew
York in August, 1885, within six days, five
hours and thirty y-one minutes after leaving
Queenstown. Ten years ago ten days pas
sage from New York to Liverpool was looked
upon as very fast travelling, and when in
1872 the Alaska left Europe on one Sunday
morning and landed her passengers in Castle
Garden ON the next Sunday it was a nine
days wonder Still in 1881 the Arizona made
thirteen successive trips, each OF which was
under eight days, and there are now eight
ships which have made the passage one or
more times in less than seven days. These
are the Oregon, six days nine hours; the
Alaska, six days sixteen hours; the America,
six days fifteen hours; the Umbria, six days
fifteen hours; the Servia, six days twenty
three hours; the City of Rome, six days
eighteen hours; the Aurania six days
twenty three hours and the Etruria, six days
five hours The most of these are new ships
They are of different build from the slower
vessels, have more powerful machinery, and
cost more. They also roll more as a rule,
am told, and are hence more conducive to
sea sickness.
Ii is wonderful how Great Britain owns the
ocean and how she increases her aquatic pop
ulation every year. In the days of sailing
vessels she ruled the seas, and now her steam
whistles screech out the prices of the worlds
freight market. Two-thirds of the steam
tonnage of the world is carried under the
British flag, and within the past ten years
she has increased the amount of her steam
vessels 29l per cent The United States has
increased her tonnage in this time only per
cent, and whereas in 1870 We had one-third
as many steam vessels as Great Britain,
now we have only one-twelfth. OF all the
great shipping countries Of the world, the
United States advances the least Ten years
ago we had a tonnage five times as large as
Germany and twice as large as France; to-day
q SSA stS<AAl VIC
United States, and Franco has two-fifths
more vessels than we have, The steam
merchant service Of Great Britain, France,
Norway and Sweden, Italy, Spain, Holland
and Russia has increased at the rate of from
252 per cent, in the case Of France, to 9i6 per
cent, in the case Of Norway and Sweden in
the last decade. The United States alone re-
mains stationary, and all the world seems to
be feeding OF OF her.
The passenger travel across the Atlantic is
a small item in the economy OF ocean traffic,
but of tho 5000 Americans whom, the purser
of this ship estimates, 50 across the water in
the first cabin every year, 9elOc travel in
foreign ships and they pay at least 100000
for Their round trip tickets Estimating that
each spends s4ooin Europe, they take out Of
the United States IS, ,00s, 200 every year.
John Bull understands pretty well how to
get his fingers into Uncle SIMS pockets, and
it is curious to note the catch-pcnny ways in
which he does so. The great railroads Of
England publish parts of their guides es-
peciaIly for the Americans, and in tho cabin
and smoking room Of every ocean steamer
you will find bushel or SO of their guides,
each Of which will teach you how to get rid
Of your dollars 70 the best advantage. You
will see that the roads have trains labeled the
American expresses, and some 60 even so far
as TO label their engines after our presidents
One engine is put down as named after -Presi-
dent Washington" another President Lin
coln,r and third "President Garfield"
The hotels in Liverpool advertise that they
pay special attention to the wants Of Ameri-
can ladies' and the railroads running from
Liverpool TO London viii make up special
trains to take fifty Americans there imme-
diately on the arrival of thu steamer, II they
will pay frst-class fares. Pullman cars are
attached to these trains, and / see that one
line mentions as one of its advantages that it
passes through the town where George WASH
ington's ancestors lived
The English railways advertise better than
the American, and they give greater
amount of information and greater induce
ments to travellers Each OF the great roads
tho express business Of its lire, as
the Baltimore and Ohio does in the United
States 1t has its own hotels at the larger
stations, and in most cases has omnibus and
carriage lines in its larger towns. 1t puts
down in its guide book Of time tables the
prices for every station, first, second and
third-class, and also the return fares, and
gives its rates for carrying freight and ex-
press matter.
A number Of these big railway guides lie
before me as write, and the book Of each
road Is as big as our travellers official rail-
way guide and about twice the size Of the
yellow guide to American railways, known
as Rand & McNally's, or as thick As two cop
les Of Harpers' Magazine and about the same
size pages. In them buying tickets is called
booking, baggage is known as luggage, bag
gage car as luggage van, and car as car
riage. They are full of strange things to the
American traveller. Special rates are made
10 parties Of two, better rates for parties Of
three, and half rates in some cases TO parties
Of thirty. There are scores of advertisements
of return tickets, season tickets and circular
tours at reduced rates, and the season tickets
cost more when they are good for six months
than for three. Here on one railroad ] see
that medical students, scholars, teachers, ap-
prentices and articled clerks under 10 are
carried at half rates il they have papers
with them showing that they are bona fide
employees or teachers
The railway laws Of England seem to be all
made in favor of the railroads. am told
that parliament has passed 4, 900 separate acts
relating to her railways, and that they are as
great and as dangerous monopolies in Great
Britain as In America There is thirty-five
hundred millions of dollars Of capital invested
in them, and they carry a number of passen-
gers every year equal to ten times the entire
population of the United States. They have
only one-sixtn as many mikes Of track as the
United States, and carry nearly twice as
many passengers. Their capitalization is
about one-half Of that Of our railroads and
they employ about one-third the men at about
half the wages. Under such conditions it is
no wonder they make money, and having