Nevada County picayune., 1886-12-01


 persous in the whole community. T Their end. in short, is not only the iupoy erishmen., but the reduction of the factory hand to utter help .lessness and degradation. This iproposiiou is not difficult oi illus tration. o-''
 '' Suppose any article, as hosiery, for example, to have been untAXed at the eustom-housc. The people bny their stockings at the market price of the world. and hence they haSe stockings on tholr feet, to their great comfort and al q small cost. A braiactiye tariff fD per cent changes all that. Before a sin gle hose factory has been put Tn operation the price of stockings Is advanced 70 per cent, and every workingman in the country must forthwith pay the difference. This is tlie first step. ,. =. ..
 Next. the manufacturers who want to make that 10 per cent be- gin to build factories for the man ufacture of hosiery, and 1t is not one or two who want to make It. Man, factories are built. For a little while labor of tllat kind is in demand; wages are advanced to some extent, and it is at that mo ment that working-people think of the beauty of protection. Ther cause of satisfaction does not last long. aa biH0 tsHf'@' ''3 v. .
 So long as the home supply Of hosiery is less than the demand, every stocking manufactures makes 40 per cent on all the goods he can turn out. He can well afford to pay his employees some triiie out of his enormous profits in ad. ditien to the ordinary cost ot la- Dor. But 40 per cent, even with that slight reduction, isa big proht, and there are very many who would like to make it. 50, before long, factories are multiplied until the home consumptioI is more than supplied; tine market IS over stock ed. and there is no foreign market 10 which to send the snr- plus. tor the rest of the world can still buy its stockings at 40 per cent less than our price. What IS the consequences! Why simply this, that factories are closed or run on half time; wages are re- duced, and the last state of the factory hand is worse than tue first, ..yrtj .I.ll .....l ..att si..
 Now comes the final step, which has frequently been taken. There is only one way in which the man. ufacturer can gave himself and his profits. aud tbai is by a pool or syndicatc ot man ufacturers. They have. oyerstotked thc market The first thi;.g tu ,lo ls to stop making goods nntll the surplus Is bought up,, and after that they must see that the same thing does not oc- cur again. The syndicate of hose makers agree that their factories ' Shall make only a limited amount ] of goods, and SO, by running short .i time, they continue to make their 40 per cent with mnch less cost to themselves. But where is the fac. tory hand in that agreement2 He is further of than nowhere. He
 Is Jeff begging for work at the fac tory gates. When he does get work he must be satisfied with just such wages as the manufactured chooses tosive. To strike is ont of the question, If he strikes at one mlll, it is quietly closed up, and some other mill or mills turn out the necessary stock. The : manufacturer gets his part of the profits all the same, and the
 "bands" may, go hang or starye to suit themselves.
 ' This is the whole theory and practice of oyerproduction. It is caused by the artificial stimulants of a protective tariff. The appar- ent beneat to the laborer is mo melltary and delusive. Its end il His impoveriShment. The sam, false stimulants lent to many iu dustries, as it has been, spread- the same evils over all the land and the outcome of the system is at last to bring the whole class 0 : our laboring population to d state I of degradatin0,
 Nowhere il, this country have Ia . boring men been more deluded by the false pretraees ct protectionist'