davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Peninsula enterprise. [volume] (Accomac, Va.) 1881-1965, 1886-10-09

The report isalso expected to show
that tic coloretl population of the
South. so fer from retrogradlng, is
improving as a body of lahnrers,
and is At most Important factor IN
tho industrial prosperity of the sec
tion.-BaltO. Sun.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
STATE OF MAINE.
SOMERSET, SIS Court of County Commissioners,
March AdjouI ned Term, May IL, A. ID. 1856.

SOMERSET, IS Court of County Commissioners,
March Adjou1 ned Term May IL, A. ID. 1856.
Upon the foregoing petition, satisfactory evidence
having been received that the petitioners respon-
sibe and ought to be heard touching the matter set
forth in their petition 1t is Ordered that the county
commissioners of Somerset and Piscaaquis Counties
meet at the hotel Of W. S. iton, in Kingsbury
Plantation, in the county of PiscataQuis, on Tues
day, August 10. A. ID. 1886, at O'Clock A. NJ. and
Petition and Immediately after, at 10 O'Clock A. M.
a hearing of the parties will be had at the same
place, and such further measures taken in the pre-
misses the commissioners aforesaid shall judge
proper. And the owners of said township (kings-
bury PlantatiOn) being unknown, it is further Or
dered that notice of the time, place and purposes of
the commissioners meeting aforesaid be given ali
persons and corporations interested, by publishing
attested copy of the petition aor. sad with this
set Reporter. public newspaper printed at Skow-
hogan, in somerset county, and six weeks success
lively in the Pscataquis Observer. public newspa-
per printed at Dover, in PiscataQus county, and six
weeks successivel in the Keune bee Journal public
newspaper printed at Augusta, in Kennebec county,
by the printers to the State also by serving an
attesed copy of the upon the town clerk OF he
town of Mayfeld, and upon the Chairman of the
Board of County Commissioners for the county of
Piscataquis; and also by posting up attested copies
as aforesaid, in three public places in said town of
Mayfeld; the serving and posting, and last pubica.
ton of the same to be at least thirty days before the
time appointed Tor said view that all interested may
then appear and be heard if they think proper.
ATTEST: l.. II. WEBB, Clerk.
A true copy of the petition and order of court
thereon.
ATTEST: l.. H. WEBB Clerk
w7w20
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
Silk Culture in Nebraska.

We have received from Miss N. c. Gil
more of David City, Nebraska. an in
structive little pamphlet on the subject of
silk culture, which tells in the simplest
words how to rear silkworms. The work
is compiled fronfher own experience, and
the experience of a few others who have
made success of silk culture Accord
ing to Miss Gilmore the rearing of silk
worms is very remunerative occupation
for farmers wives and daughters. to
whom it is especially adapted. The
worms can be reared upon any farm hav-
ing mulberry and Usage hedges, which
flourish in Nebraska soil. Silk culture is
becoming quite popular, not only in Ne
braska but in other States, as it is very
easy and fascinating way of making
money. According to the census of 1890,
there were 126 silk factories in
New York, AZ in Philadelphia, 80
in New Jersey. and quite number in
Connecticut. The annual silk product of
New York is valued at 81, 10000 that
of New Jersey. 10000, 900 that of Phila-
delphia, S2.600.000 that of South Man.
chester. Conn.,. where the largest factories
are located, is not known. During the
year 1885, the people of California es-
ta5lish board of silk culture to buy up
the silk of that State, and to promote the
silk industry. The reward for this is that
California is about 100000 better off
to-day. In March of this year, there
were sixteen carloads OF raw silk sent at
one time to New York, the value of which
was over Sl,000,000 So it will be seen
that there is ready market at
profitable prices for all the silk that
can be raised. Miss Gilmore saws in
her pamphlet that one ounce of eggs will
produce 10000 worms: half of these are
females, and will produce, at the lowest
count. 500 eggs apiece, which makes a
crop of $50 ounces of eggs. This aggre-
gates $3.50 for eight weeks work on an
investment of five dollars. Such a re-
turn as this ought to induce every farmer
in Nebraska to plant mulberry and Usage
hedges, so that the women of the farm
can make heir spending money with but
little exertion. 1t beats all other crops
in the returns received. The subject is
one that will bear investigation by the
farmers wives and daughters of Netras-
ka.-Onsaha (Ne6.) Bee.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
xENNEBEc coUyrY-yn pro,ot. cour,

KENNEBEC COUNTY.-In Probate Court.
at AUGUSTA, on the fourth Monday of Nay,
A USTIN REYNOLDS, Administrator on the
"A estate Of SoPhronia c. Fellows, late of Fayette
In said County, deceased, having petitioned
for license to sell the following real estate of said
deceased, for the payment Of debts &C., viz: Ger.
tain real estate, with buildings thereon in Farming
ton, Me-:
ORDERED, That notice thereof be given three
weeks successfully, prior to the second Monday Of
June next, In the Kennebec Journal, q newspa-
per printed in Augusta, that all persons interested
may attend at Court Of Probate then to be holden
Augusta, and show cause. If any, why the prayer
OF said petition should not be granted.
Il. S. WEBSTER, Judge.
Attest: HOWARD OWEN. Register. w3w2ls
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

kENNEBEC COUNTY-In PROBATE Court, at
augusta, on the fourth Monday Of Mou
1856.
A CERTAIN INSTRUMENT, purporting to be the
"A last will and testament of susan Woodbury.,
late OF Litchi Id, IN said County, deceased, having
been presented for probate:
ORDERED, That notice thercofbe given three weeks
successfully, prior to the fourth Monday of Jure
next in the Kennebec journal, newspaper
printed Augusta, that all persons interested may at
tend at Court of Probate then to be holden at Au
ment should not be proved, approved and allowed
as the last will and testament OF the said deceased
H.. s. WEBSTER, Judge.
Attest HOWARD OWEN. Registers 3w23+
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
FOR SALE.

One OF the finest residences in Kenne-
bee County is now offered at great sac
rifce. 1t is situated in Farmiugdale upon
an eminence commanding beautiful view
of the Kepnebec River and surrounding
country, only half mile from Gardiner
depot, upon the main road to Augusta. and
within easy walking distance of churches,
schools, etc. 1t is heated by steam and
supplied with gas and hot and cold water
in all parts. A thoroughly built and con-
venient stable is also included, The place
is only to be seen in order to have its many
advantages appreciated.
Apply to URIAH T, STONE or
JOHN L. STONE,
maylSdtf Water ST., Gardiner.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, Tha, the sub
~ scriber has been duly appointed Administrator
on the estate of
MATILDA OWEN, late of Hallowel,
In the County of kennebec deceased, intestate and
has undertaken that trust by giving bond as the la
directs All persons, therefore, having demands
against the estate of said deceased are desired 10
exhibit the same for settlement and all indebted
to said estate are requested make immediate paw
ment to JOHN r RITTTNGS'
May "A, 1886. w3w2Is
kENNEBEC COUNTY-In PROBATE Court at
augusta on the fourth Monday of May,
q c. LIBBY. Administrator on the estate
W OF George l.. Blair, late of Pittston.
In said county. deceased, having petitioned
for license to sell the following real estate of said
deceased, for The payment Of debts, &c, viz =
A portion OF The homestead farm situated in Pitts.
ton, containing q acres, more or less:
ORDERED, That notice thereof be given three
weeks prior to the fourth Monday of June
next, In the kennebec journal, a newspaper
printed in Augusta, that all persons interested may
attend at Court of Probate then to be holden nj An
gusta. and show cause, il any, why the PRAYER of
said petition should not be granted
II. 5. WEBS TER. Judge
Ht'est' u""AhDp OWEN, Register. 3w22s
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
DIRl6o ROOFING COMPANY,

Builders should investigate as to the Roofing Mate.
rial manufactured by the Dirigo Roofing Co. 1t is
tidy in appearance; durable with proper for half
a century. The roofing for 100 feet costs S2.20.
Delivered without freight charge at any point in
Maine with railroad steamboat connections 1t is
the most valuable roofing inveute for the price,
just the thing for cottages. Send for circular Ad-
dress DIRIG0 ROOFING CO., Steep Falls, Me.
maytdSwlm
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
Electric Belt Free

To introduce 1t, we will for short time give away
In each county, to those likely to make good agents.
: limited number Of our German Electro Gal.
vsnic suspensory Belts, positive and unfail-
ine cure for Nervous Debility, Weakness Varicocele,
~ OF vigor, Rheumatism, etc. $500 Reward paid
q cverv Belt we manufacture does not generate =
rsruine electric current. Address At once, GERMAN
EELT AGENCY. r. Q. Box i7s. Brookiyn: New
York.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

To the Honorable Board, of County Commissioners
of Somerset and Piscataquis Counties.
The undersigned, citizens o. Brighton, Kingsbury
Plantation and Mayheld, would respectfully repre-
sent that change is very much needed in the county
road leading from May field in Somerset county. to
Kingsbuiy Plantation, in Piscat, quis county, be-
ginning at the bridge over Piper Brook, thence
westerly south of the road as located. around the
HILL coming into the road near the Thomas Clark
Brook at birch tree marked H. and as in duty bound
will ever pray. A. l.. FLANDERS and others.
MAY 8 1886.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
Notice..
CITY OF AUGUSTA, J
CITY EMARsHAL's OFFICE. !

CRY OF AUGUSTA
CITY tMARsHALs OFFICE,
AUGUSTA, Jan. IA. J
Fast Driving.
Chap. XII, Sec. /. o. the city ordinances:
No person shall ride or drive any auimsl, loose or
attached to a carriage of any description, cause
them to be driven through any part of the city,
within mile OF the kennebee bridge at an unus-
ual, immoderate and dangerous rate, on penalty of
mot less than two nor more than ten dollars.
BY reason of frequent complaints made Of LAT e
this ordinance will be strictly enforced,
janl II. T. MORSE. City Marshal.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

Great Medical Work on Manhood.
Exhausted Vitality, Nervous and Physical Debil..
n.y. Premature Decline In Man, Errors of Youth, and
the untold miseries resulting from indiscretion o.
excesses. book for every man. young, middle
aged and old. 1t contains 125 prescriptions for all
acute and chronic diseases, each of which is in
Yaluabe. SO found by the author, whose experience
or % years is such rs probably fell to the 10.
d any physician. 200 pages, bound In beautiful
french lansn, embossed covers full gilt guarantees
10 be inner work in every than any other work
sold in THE country for $3.50, or the money will be
refunded ir every instance. Price only &l.0o BY
mail, postpaid. Illustrative sample free to every
oody. Send now. Gold medal awarded the author
by the National Medical Association, to the presi
dent OF which the Hon. +. A. Bissell, and asso
ciate officers Of the Board, the reader IL respectfully
referred.
This Science of L fe should be read by the young
'or iDstruci Ton, and by the afflicted for relief. II
Will benet' oll.-LOndoR Lancet.
There is no member of society TO whom the sd
fence OF Life will not be useful, whether youtn
parent. guardian instructor or clergyman-r
JOndut.
Address the Peabody Medical Institute, or Dr. W.
~. ParHer, No. 4, Bulhnch ST., Boston, Mass, wns
may De coDsulted on all diseases requiring skill ano
experience Chrome and obstinate diseases that have
oaifed the skill of all other physicaps a specially
Soch treated successfully without an instance Oh
faiiore Mention this paper. apri41Awly
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
BOOK AND JOB PRINTING.

The Kennebec Journal establishment is prepared
at all times to give immediate attention to orders OF
any kind of book job printing. We have every
facility for doing work cheaply and WELL Have new
presses. large quantities of paper stock, and the
Attest styles of type. Orders by mail will receive
prompt attention
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
Railroads ant Slcamfuaga.
MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD.
SPRING ARRANGEMENT.

On and after May 10th, 1856. trains will lsav,
Augusta
For Lewiston, Portland and Boston at 6.lb
and 1910 A. M, 3.04, and t1O.55 z. NJ.
For Rockland and Pennington, SIS and 1000 A.
NJ.
For Bath, 6.l5 and 1000 A. Al. 3.O4 P. NJ. and on
Saturdays only at 1905 p. NJ.
For Waterville, t2.25 and e.48 A. NJ; 4.O5 p. NJ
and Oh Saturdays only at 00P.M.
For Skowhegans Belfast and Dexter, t2.25 A. NJ.
4.05 p. M.
For Bangor, Ellsworth, Bar Harbor, Aroostook
county ana ST. John, t2.25 A. NJ. and 4.C5 T.. NJ.
All Day Passengers Trains stop at the new
Congress Street Station, in Portland where Horse
Cars can be taken for all points down town At
far the Post Office.
might Pullman Trains each way every night, Sun
days included. but no: to Skowhegan on Monda.
mornings. or to Belfast and Dexter, or beyond Ban
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
JONES & THORNDIKE

Iouccessors 70 Jones BrOthers1
Manufacturers and dealers in Baskets and Collins
Door and Window Frames, House Finish and Door
and Window Screens. oo'
Prompt attention given to Job Work Of all kinds
saving. Band Saving and Planning. Wood turning
specially. Stair newes and baulsters furnished al
snort notice Also brackets of all sizes made to or
der at reasonable rates. VI
Allen & Small Building. Bangor St., Augusta Ne.
JAMES a. JONES. Ii. A. THORNDIKE,
may 9deodly
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
PATENTS.
r. FL. EDDY

NO. 76 state Sc, opposite Kilby, Bosto.
Socures Patents In the United srates ass In Gres,
Britain. France ann other foreign countries. Copies
o. the claims of any Patent furnished by remittue
one dollar. Assignments recorded at Washington
No agency nthe United superior fg
ciiitics TOR obtaining Patents or ascertainino IN,
ptgte1tnhilit Of intentions.
Z. ii. EDDY, Solicitor of Patents
TESTIMONIALS.
"fregard Mr.. Eddy one Of the most CAPABLE a,,a
successrui practitiouers with whom have had ofs,
MA Intercourse"
CHAS. MASON, Commissioner of Patents.
Inventors cannot employ person more trustwoi
Thy or more capable of securing for them an earl,
and vorable consideration at the Patent OfIice
EpGUND BURKE, late Commissioner of Patents
BOSTON. October 10, 1870
K q. EDDY, Eso.,-Dear Sir you procured for
ne In ls4o my first patent. Since then you have ac
Ted for and advised me in hundreds Of eases, and
procured many patents, reissues and extensions.
have occasionally employed the best agencies in New
York, Philadelphia and Washington but still givs
you simost the whole of my business in your iine.
aud advise others to employ you.
Yours truly, GEORGEeDRAPEh
Bas+on. January /. 1855 ~
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
mch2Qd

AENNEBEC COCNTY.--I PROBATE Court. held n,
1856. "y'
EMMA J. GROVER, Admnistratrix on the estate
~ OF George N. Grover, late of Litchfeld.
ond account of administration Of said estat for al
ORDERED, That notice thereof be given three
week successfully prior to the second Mondav ~
June next in the Kennebec journal, a newspap.
eI printed in Augusta, that all persons interested NAV
attend AZ PROBATE Court then to be held at Au-
gusta, and show cause, if any why the same should
not be allowed. ONA~
II. g. WEBSTER, Judge.
Attrst howard OWEN. Register. w3Wv1a
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

TINHE COMMITTEE ON STATE PENSIONS will
4 De In session at the Aldermen's Room the Last
Weonesoay OF every month during the
year 1885, at n O'Clock P. n. Those wishing to
81 one Of these meetings to have their claim
Considered. Per Order Of Committee,
LEWIS SELLING,
aPeo4m CLERK to Committee
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

remedied BY the beet crystal lens
SPEcTACLEs and EYE GLASSES 4 Id
and htfed by practical opticians at
Partridge Bros Drug Ntor.,
under Granite Hall, Augusta. Prices
from 70 cents to $i.50-but cleo will
ouy the BEST QUALITY lens In fine
tempered steel bows. Special Tacili.
ties IN test lenses for fitting dificuit
eyes and correcting imperfect vision.
NO extra charge for fitting.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
Tie DAILY EsNNEssC JOURNAL
advertising Rates

For sale every Wednesday noon at the bookstore
Of J. F. Pierce. Augusta; c. L. Spaudng Hallowell
o. NJ. Blanchard, Gardiner.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
Netp advertisements.

Reliable statesmen to
Travel and sell TO the trade
Tobacco. Cigarettes, &c.
alary or commission. Ad-
YORK 4 HAVANA CT.
AVE-, N. Y. june7d&w4w
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10

ADVERTISING Rates
Can be had on application at the Office. The
Daily and Weekly taken together afford the best
Advertising medium for this section of the State.
For only SO cents, special advertisement Of three
lines can be placed in the Daily Journal for one
week cheap way to advertise for hired girls, for
lost and found articles and for houses 10 sell and to
rent. As well adapted to Gardiner and Hallowell
people as Tor Augusta readers.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1886-06-10
WEAK, NERVOUS

A NDDERILITATED
MEN seeking Health.
Strength and Energy
should avoid Drugs, 81 81
cret Medicines, etc, ana
send tor 1.-THE Review ~
or Health and Strength
Regained," a large ilips.
tratea Journal published
entirely for their benefit.
1t treats on health, nv.
giene. physical culture and
medical subjects. and i a
complete encyclopedias Of
information for suffering
humanity afflicted WITH
long standing. chronic, ner.
vous, exhausting and pain.
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10
ElOPement of the Daughter of
 Minister Child.

HENRY, Mo, April 9.-An elope- ment occurred yesterday which will reduce the household of the new Nil. . ister to Siam by one, and prevent him from taking hls daughter with him to the lani of tine whi elephant. Jus hsfore the west=boupd passenger train on the Wabash Road arrived here (R. and l. juncticn) last evening, a car riage came down from the direction of Richmond, and in it were seat-.d Mr. Thos. K. Grow and Miss Lillian Child and Mr. and Mrs. W. Anderson. The couples bought ticke for K ansss Dity. Upon investigation, it was found that MT. Grow and Miss Chlld, not liking the idea of being separated by the taking of the latter to Siam by her father, had determined to aRietly slip away, g t married, return and ask forgiveness. They were mar ried in Kansas City to-day and will go to olAthe, Kan, for g short visit and then return to Richmond. Miss Chlld's parents were bitterly opposen to her keeping compa y with Mir. Or W, and for months their house 1as been denied him. Mir. Grow is painter by trade and amply able to support his bride.
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10

carrying upon it's bosom huge brush heaps combined with passing steamer, {, barges, skiffs and tugs, make up a scene of unusual interest. Observer of the Signal Service has letter from Johns nvi le, dated noon to-day, say ing that the rlyer only lacks two feet of being out of it's banks, and is ris- ing rapidly. It has been ralning at intervals for twenty-four hours, and a disastrous overflow is anticipated. Fla flies are moving out of t'e bot tom lands, and every preparation i, goiog on for the siege. The heavy rains have played sad havoc with the telegra,h h wires, there being bur one St. Louis wirs and many others being entirely useless. Consid rable thund r and lightning prevailed this after noon.
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10
Where to Go.

Below we publish the names of the ladies of this town who will do wash ing for our citizens.
 Mrs, Ida Emerson, corner of First and Fremont streets, will take orders and deliver clothes daily.
 "I can and will wash for fifteen men or families, and can be found at my residence on Tenth street.
 MRS. HOLLAND" "We can wash for sixty men or families. We reside at No. 920 Ere mont street between Ninth add Tenth streets MRs: +4FAYRR,
 MRS. JENNINGS.
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10
OFFICIAL PAPER < Cochise County.
 @4
TELEGRAPHIC.
An EPiIeptic Patient Shot.

NASHVILLE, Tenn, Asyr'l 9.-Henry TavlOr, and epilep'ic patient in the Ccfee c unty Asylum, attacked a room-mate, named Neill, crushing his skull, J, B. Brown, the steward, hearing the noise, catered the apart tnent with pistol in his hand. T.y y- Tor ,rang upon Brown, who, in quick succession, fired six sh Its at Taylor. One took effect in his head, one in the neck, two in the left, one in the r.ghr hand and one in the back: Taylor's wounds are serious. Neill died from the blow.
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10
The Freshet at Cairo

CAIRO, H., April 9.-About two and tkree-quarters ches of rain fell D re since yes erdsy morning and still
 raining hard. Two inches of r,in al Paducah in The last twenty-four hours. The river raised here a foot and six tenths since last report, the gauge reading 43 feet even. At Nj unt Carmel the Wabash raised foot and three-tenths iu the last twentv-fopr hours, with gauge l3. 2 feet and raiu- ing; PadueaL, 24 feet in the same time, with gauge standing 37.l fe. t. Speculation as 10 the probable figures recorded on the Cairo gauge in the next few hours is considerably higher than heretofore, and IS placed all the way from 45 to 4S feet. The loading of barges at Birds Point with old rails for the Upper Ohio has been suspended for the present, as the waters are too high to permit passage from the railroad track to the river bank. Looking from the rotunda of the Halliday House, the swelling river looks almost upon level with the huge omhaukments which surround tfe Egyptian pital. although it is zeal :, l2 feet he ow the co.nb f tr 6 1cPees. The rapid, muddy current, ]
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10
Notice of Forfeiture.

TO DAVID CALLISHER YOUR HEIRS or Assigns. You are hcIe"y notified that l nave expended (Sl00) une hundred dollars in labor and improYrmt nts on the Ohio lode and mining claim, situulcd h. the Bisbec mining district. county Of COchIsc, lerrilroy of AriZnMa in Or ger to hold the claim of the year ending December, 1856, unuer lhe pro visions ol SectiOr 2324, Revised Statutes of the United States. 1herciQre, il within. niRely days from publication of thIs notice, You fail or refuse 10 contribute your propu, . ton Ui saId expenditure and cost Of this publication as cO-uwLer, your interest in suId mine Or claim will become the prop city of Inc undersigned, uI uer Section 2:5224
 SOLO JON SHULTZ.
 Tombstone, April 2, l0e6.
The Daily Tombstone., 1886-04-10

Don't fail to go to Arnold's wood yard for your stove wood. Remem- Der the place. corner of Seventh and Stafford streets. 1-16 If
 Fruit trees small fruits, and grape vines for late planting; monthly rose bushes, Oleanders, and plants and bulbs in'variety; and the combination steam washing machine, best in use, sold by J.'H. Futile, Second street, between Allen and Fremont, Tomb stone. 3-19tf
 Anheuser beer on draught at the Oriental, q fine lunch thrown in.