davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

Uereis the truth in nutshell, uttered
by Wendell Phillips fifteen years ago !;
"How to make the boring man work
less and have more, will have to be con-
sidered. For in spite of all social sci
ence and all the dA theorizing which is
flung at us from the different churches
and societies in the course of the year, I
still maintain that the ideal civilization
which is to come, and which it is the
effort of every man to hasten, is all
wrapped up in that one principle-that
the mass of mankind work less and en-
joy more. Every thirty years since
Christ died-every thirty years has been
advanced toward that end !; over thirty
wears of the last two hundred has been
an advance 80 marked that any man can
see it. Europe is treading toward the
day when the mass of men shall work
less and enjoy more, and that is the goal
at which we ann, and our only object in
this movement is to hasten the progress
of humanity in that direction
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
A Rapid CROWN in ideas.

When word, a gesture, are punished
with imprisonment, the men Who have
courage to expose themselves to the
danger are few and far between. Those
are rare who quietly accept the part of
victim in cause, the triumph of which
is as yet distant and even doubtful.
Everyone is not so heroic as the Russian
Nihilists, who compose manifestoes in
the very lair of their foes and paste them
on wall between two sentries. One
should be very devoted oneself to find
fault with those who do not declare
themselves Socialists, when their work,
that is to say, the life of those dear to
them, depends on the aVowal. But if all
the oppressed have not the tempera-
ment of heroes, they feel their sufferings
none the less, and large numbers among
them are taking their own interests into
serious co onsideration. =
In many town where there is not
one organized Socialistic group, all the
workers without exception are already
more or less consciously Socialists in.
stinetively they applaud a comrade who
speaks to them of social state in which
all the products of labor shall be in tht
hands of the laborer. This instinct con
tains the germ of the future Revolution
for from day to day it becomes mor'
precise and transformed into a more dis
tinct consciousness. What the worker
felt YESTERDAY, he knows to-day, AMI
each new experience teaches him Il
know it better. And are not the peas
ants. who cannot raise enough to keel
body and soul together from their morse
ofground. and the vet more numerou
class who do not possess clod of thei
own, are not all these beginning to com
prehend that the soil ought to belong tt
the men who cultivate it? They hav,
always instinctively felt this, now the
know it. are preparing to assert thei
claim in plain language. -Elisee Reclus
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
Denver Trades Assembly.

At regular meeting of the Denver
Trades assembly, held Sunday, the fol-
lowing resolutions were adopted:
Resolved, That we heartily, approve
of the sentiments expressed by Senator
Beck in his recent speech before the
United States senate, that we urge upon
our CO -laborers throughout the country
to support bv election and otherwise all
members of congress, who will advocate
and vote for measures tending to ad-
vance the masses, and against the capi-
talistic monopolies represented in both
branches Of congress.
Resolved, That we are in favor of rec
ognitioD in congress by the appointment
of M. A. Foran of Ohio, General Weaver
of Iowa, or Judge, O'Neil of Missouri, to
the chalrmanship of the committee on
labor.
Resolved, That the foregoing be pub,
llshed in the press of Denver and the
Washington Craftsman.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
The Labor Press.

Within the past five years there have
sprung up class of papers known and
recognized as "labor papers," These
have been issued owing to the necessities
of the hour, that labor might give ex-
preston to the injustice being done 1T.
This work has been taken up by men
whose hearts went out In sympathy to
their oppressed brethren. From expe-
rience we know Of no man who has en-.
tered the field of newspaper work in be-
half of labor, with the idea that there is
money in it. On the contrary. We be-
lieve that every man who has given his
time to this work has not only suffered
from privations, but has endured Ger.
tain amount of abuse from men who
were not subscribers, or did not pay il
they were, and who claimed to be the
Representative Of labor" Little does
the reader Of a labor paper think or
know how many hours are spent in
labor to give them their paper. Proba-
bly, when the editor has just completed
an article in favor of the eight hour sys-
tenn, he wonders what time it is, and
finds out that he has been fifteen, six
| teen or seventeen hours in the Office,
and his untlring zeal to do something
that win benefit laboring men makes
him forget that he Is tired. Every labor
paper in the country should receive the
hearty support of the workingmen where
such Journal exists. The men to day
battling in behalf of labor are poorly
paid at the best. Subscriptions should
be promptly paid and always in ad'
vance. Let not the workingmen forget
that "The laborer Is worthy Of his hire
You may. not always agree with the edi
tor. ifnot. present your views. and If be
is honest he will be convinced. or throw
such light upon the subject - will leave
no doubt in your mind as to his honesty
ofpurpose.Ex.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
A Counter Demon.tr.t,on.

The gentlemen who advocate violent
expulsion ofthe Chinese and whose ad :
vocacy of violence is not to be taken IN
a PickwickIan sense, should take note Of
the fact that the utmost haste is
being used in preparing quarters for
troops at the Presidio. The Report has
1T on good authority that the govern
ment regards the situation In San Fran
cisco as quite serious more serious than
it is sand has given orders for concen-
tration Of United States troops at this
point. and the permanent and prompt
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
very yirtuoas BY being ) long distsa.,
|o6 He proceeds: ;'.

very yiztuoas BY being ) long dishnes
OF He proceeds:
Mobility i Communsm ID its wont
form. Nothins can b xorse fhan f6r
idlene9 to eat the bread pf industry.
Gommuaism In Europe u NOT the Stand
ana deliver Of the robber. but The protest
Of the robbsd.r
We are mot fAvored with = distinction
between mobility and ether kinds q
wealthy nom n.produune nabobs. Perhaps
the task Of defending thieves in the
courts is not '.idlensss." ." and Is therefore
sufficient excuse for eating the bread Of
industry.
The wealthy supporters Of Rent, Profit
and Interest are our enemies, whather
in the church or in the ranks of the in.
idels. ZENo.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

ahliahment q ! strong azzlson hsre.
s wssrs aware ~ saiop u
troops y San FrarriscO q 16tp the ex.
penso Of pcat attsrsd po6t hab long been
in contemplation, bnts ths movslnent l.
now being hastenbd and long before
Nj. Joseph Kerfs period 81 ssixty
days'' b. ELAPSED we shall IS 8 iprce Of
blns cbats q the rreidio that viii BE-
calculatsd to nc5l o'er tho native hue
Of resolution with the pale cast Of
Thought dr words to that effect. Ban
Francisco Daily Report.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

=" Z q
Meanwhile, this giant called the
slaboring man has learned to read, and
he is learning to roar in thunder tones.
The entire mass Is seething for the first
time in this generation Of men. What
does this rude monster. Caliban, read :
Rot?- Yes. Love and kisses, crime and
infamy? Yes. What are editors call
ing up in this monsters futureP Are
editors fools7 Yes. Mercenaryf Yes.
Much like the rest Of us. Laughter.
Dishonest? No more than other men.
Yet consider what force they are play
ing on, force kept down now by
peaked. faced boys, rough h-faced men and
slender wasted women who do the
mems work.
"A preacher once asked me what is to
be done. I replied, kill Cadmus. that
gentleman Faust who, in iRventing let
ters, entered into q compact with the
Evil One to let loose a Revolutionary
monster which is going to- do what
Never mind what. It will not happen
just yet. Take walk up the Bowerv at
a. M, and You will see the elements o.
this terrific force. AS to remedies,
have always said the best is, Hands
otf.'n-New York Sun.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

ARFsTEN sells furniture. carpets and a
general line of house furnishing goods
on the installment plan: You pay SO
much weekly or monthly. Give him a
call, at $40 and 3703 Lawrence street,
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

tofiat arranged around 9 aspiriluAt form
Whence these spirits? Wers they pro
ducts Of earth or universe fercesf Thll
i does not explain the origin Of man, 70
the spirit, not the material, Is tho besne
| NY covering Of clothes Is net myself
4 Why were these spifitz ruled BY th,
base Of the brain7 Tho best Jehovxi
could do was to conceive the design
start the race and leave the forces Of IA
ture to bring them up to Measianisn in
the course Of seyersl - = Il1IilI61iI
gradually raisinn z 0 4
the base to The toR ~ &
as cnlminastSu o& l5l ls; y Il MA I
q spirit with material arranged around
it, are two coffdictina theories.
spirit entity in the lite germ. is %.
sence. 1t Isl a power and not force. Il
isa substance and not matter. Can
.zeno' see the difference in.the mean
ing OF these wordsP',
No. cannot. and slSll
ence to point outthe diffe n 's'|s Z ~
"Throughout the universe We shall
find matter and spirit sssociatedN z
But IN the divine realm is only
spirit. It is ..above man, The asso-
citation of matter and spirit is necessary
to produce q being, yet thers exists q
society of spirits having no matter.
That society has . government with
three ranks Of officers" Keruhas, Mefa.
kas and Serafas, ranking as named. The
whole three are found in ,''the seven as
cending Orders Of spiritual life" making
very elaborate govern nent, which has
no place in the universe. for matter and
spirit are associated throughout.
This society. which has no place to
exist, is the pattern for the human gov
ernn,ent. or Messianism, to establish
which, "four Serafas or centers were
sent to superintend its four divisions of
movement" The importance Of the di-.
vine officers are at once seen in the fact
that four Serafas or Centers could leave
their posts for several years. 1t is not
stated why Kerubas or Melakas were
not competent, nor how the divine
realm prospers without those four CEN
ters.
I have not been picking flaws" Il
have only pointed out what appears to
me to be flaws. If they be flaws Isdid1
not make them. and .sajas should
smooth them over, lest otEeY reach the
conclusions that l have here drawn.
1 have quoted and commended pas
sages'from the Book of Life" relating to
social reconstruction; fad pleasure
and profit in reading the scientific mat
ter found in the book. can see no use
for the research into a world of absurdi-
ties which proves its own non-existence,
and is only utilized by aspiring souls
whose individuality can be brought into
prominence in no way except to claim
extra faculties, extraordinary develop
ment, and refinement of construction,
that other common folks do not possess,
but would be of no real value if they
did. "Sarassa" has not explained how
a single atom of one kind, can be com
bination of two other atoms of different
kinds. ZENo.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

Mems wool hats at so cents. rs cents,
and 81. Mems fur hats from 81 up.
Mems caps from 25 cents up. Boys
winter caps from 25 cents up. Polo caps
At 20 and Is cents, T.s. cIAyrox.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

quired e ample fortune. Thess people,
brought here % make strikes impossible,
Gs Il the hettomof The distress ii the
anthracite lfegiona and they sre bsein-
ming 70 mske their appearance among
the bitunainous coal fields.
Low wages. half time and the tyranny
Of the company store are starving the
miners and their families, and compel
ing them 20 bring up their children
without education In g few years the
region will be black, not only with coal
dust. but with the darkness Of Ignorance
and of the crimes which spring from i9-
norance. The Slav is now often the VIC
tim of The miners unconcern and casn-
aities in anthracite coal mines have
greatly increased within the last two
years The grumbIiue against these for
eign pauper laborers is becoming 90 lond
and threatening that more open enmity
= sx I. B ~
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

+ II
gions mans wages range from $l4 to
$35 month. The best-paid iron miners
4 are making about $l4 and the best paid
coal miners about $35. The prevailing
rate Of wages in the iron mines is 7f
cents 9 day. The amount Of money
(which each individual has for food,
fclothing, medicine and all necessaries
couhting three adults to a family. man
his wife and two children, ranges from
ll0cents to "a cents dav. A miner has
work for from ter, to twenty days in the
iron and anthracite regions, and It is
the halt or the two-thirds time which
makes the rate of wages meaningless.
Rents are high. A man whose monthly
income is $40 pays 81 for rent, and in
some places rents run up to SIS and $50.
Five dollars a month is the amount
charged generally by tie companies for
the tenements which they own.
The anthracite coal regions arein the
possession Of great corporations, The
Philadelphia & Reading railroad alone
will mine more than 3S per cent OF this
years output, and the Lehigh Vallev
railroad will mine about 20 per cent.
During the Molly Maguire troubles these
great corporations determined that they
should never again be troubled by
strikes, and, therefore, to-day the whole
region is 80 crowded with laborers that,
notwithstanding the enormous output.
not more than a third of the miners are
employed at time. Most Of them have
more, for the companies see to it that
there shall not be great enough dissatis.
ton 70 drivesmen out ofthe state in pur-
suit Of other employment; but the work
ana ornts TO very little for each man, and
5ffIasHs ssa1fteen days rnant sll.aE.
what thas hen M 4 B. Tnerorss,i 9, showos.s
GOOD tia rates Of wages may be, the in
come of the Iaborers is very small. A
miner who receives nominally $2a day
makes really not more than 81, and an
inside laborer, who is paid at the rate Of
$l.5O, make Is cents day. The com
panies filled the region with labor by.
Importation and by opening collieries
which are now closed. This policy has
been carried out deliberately, and the
awful penury visible in the coal and
iron regions from one end Of the state to
the other is the result.
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

fbrsd by asarassa-n
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
ysh. sw.Assa se b. Peseers.

Jehn 9Wihs9A 70 de Rastors.
Between thirty and forty ministers Of
the Dutch Reform churches in this city
and hereabouts crowded yesterday
morning into : little room on thesecond
floor at 81 VeseY street, in tho rear Of .
book store, to lilten TO John Swinton.
aThHe Hpinton's Paper had
1 achers to preach
sS y The Condition
fos ths ! 81 Fl - u ma the Ministers'
Duty 7Uwards f4sm.n Mr.. Swinton
talked to the ininistsrs for an hour. He
stood beside the modsrators desk, his
compact. well-knit form enwrapped In q
closely buttoned black frock coat. He
enforced hisarguments BY vigorous ees-
lures. and the ministers laughed and ap.
plsuded by turns. They gave him q
vote OF thanks. -
The doors were closed against report
ers. Mr.. Swinton Kindly raised his;
voice, however, 90 that the customers
. n & ' 4
who were trying to read books had to
listen. He said
.'Therea are four phases of life which
have in this generation changed the
condition Of the workingman insociety.
These phases are the concentration Of
capital in few hands, the increased use
and constantly increasing use of ma
chinerY, the growth Of cities and conse-
.quent huddline together Of population,
and. last, the employment Of women and
children instead Of men.
You ask me what is the duty of
priests and ministers. i think the clergy
shouldn't alwaysbe on the side Of capt.:
tai. You will reply that many Of your
church members are workingmen, and
you will-point to- several ministers who
are pronounced labor agltators, but
these are the exceptions that prove the
rule. Another thing. when these rough
men say there cannot be God. unless
clergymen take enc side. and that the
side of humanity, do not criticise them
too severely. Itcannot be to the interest
of clergymen to see men and women
and children die as in plague from be-
ing showed to the wall. Ministers
should come into the same relations
with the common people that Jesus
Meanwhile, this giant called the
la ahorinu man has learned to read. and
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02
lN.
This >ie Of The Coal
q Fennsy "
Fsrce1 sEfon tha Means Of
Llfe eap Imported
et Labor.
elsat Dssr tho


Ssssnera i've palaces on the hills.
Their worlta ssn 1--we in dingier AMI
more vretahei butts than any that are to
be found inl Chicago or New York.
though IN heI Ihse Of the Pennsylyania
.laborers theif miserable abodes are lo-
the ppntry, Whexs there is
lnd *ii1 s1bine but
= ssssJl sSS3 stksnI
~ ssl = ltAat are a 70 . i've
The Labor enquirer., 1886-01-02

MEN came to me yesterday and to.
day" said an operator, quoted in re-
cent dispatch to the Herald, "and they
asked permission to go into the pits and
dig some coal for their own use l told
them that they would have to do with
out, as the pits we're closed. I tell you
they are in a bad way This is the
heartless boast of an operator who
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-03-05
The Fleet Chamois.

The senses of sight, hearing and
smell of the chamois are developed to a
maximum, and this fact, taken in
association with the animals great
sure-footedness among the lofty, snow
covered Alps, in which it has its home.
makes hunting it a task of no mean
difficulty and danger. Dogs are of no
service on the rocky eminences to
which the chamois will retreat when it
is pursued, and the sportsman has to
rely upon his own sure-footedness and
courage in climbing the steep and
slippery precipices, whittier he is
tempted by the sight of game. If so
hard pressed that it is driven to some
height beyond which it can not go, it is
said that it will precipitate itself upon
its pursuer, sending him down into the
depths below. Besides man, the eagle
is an enemy, whose constant endcavor
is to obtain the kids from their watch
full mothers. Its skin is much valued
for its toughness combined with its
pliability. Its flesh is also greatly
esteemed.-N. Y. Post.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-03-05
EEDLE-MAkING.
The Various Processes Necessary to Con.
vert Steel Wire Into Needles.

The Various Processes Necessary to Coz.
vert Steel Wire Into Needles.
Almost all the needles made in En-
gland are made at Redditch. The wire
is of the best quality 0 fsteel, and is sup
piled in coils varying from 1, 200 to 5000
yards in length, and from 1-22 inch to
1-100 inch in thickness. The processes
passed through are as follows: The
wire is cut to lengths of two needles by
hand or machine shears; these lengths
are annealed in punches of about four
inches in diameter; while still hot, and
held together by rings, the bundles are
rolled over by hand-pressure on an iron
table, so as to straighten each other;
they are then pointed at both
ends successfully upon quick
running %grindstones. being rotated
between two India rubber bands, travel
ing over a grindstone with concave
face; by a blow from a falling die the
two heads are headed, and cutters
marked for the eyes; the eyes are
pierced by a pair of punches in a deli
cate hand press; the needles are thread
ed on a pair of fine wires. and filed to
remove the burr made in stamping;
they are then broken across through the
thin fin left between the heads, and the
heads themselves rounded by filing;
they are then heated in small iron trays,
and dropped separately into an oil bath,
to harden them; after which they are
tempered on a hot plate, or in a stove,
and Strengthened by a hand hammer on
a small anvilp to remove any warping
due to hardening.
The needle has O assumed its final
condition, but it is not yet finished. The
next operation is securing, for which a
number of needles, mixed up with soft
soap, emery and oil are wrapped ep with
canvas into a roll about two feet long
and three inches in diameter, and then
run backward and forward under run
ners worked by a crank from the engine.
The process goes on for eight hours,
during which the needles are continually
rubbing against each other, and it is re-
peated from two to eight times, the final
securing being with putty powder. In
some cases the Strengthening and scour-
ing are performed at the same time by
machinery. When perfectly secured
the needles are shaken up in a
tray until they lie parallel, and
then by a dexterous motion of the
hand they are shifted so that all the
points are in the same direction.
Next, defective needles are picked out
of the lot by hand; the eyes are "blued''
or softened by traversing them over a
gas flame, and in some cases the eye is
smoo.hed on each face by a fine coun-
ter-sunk drill. The needles are then
strung OF horizontal wire, carried on a
r%eciprocating frame, the wires have SER
rated surfaces which smooth the inside
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-03-05
CURRENT STYLES.
~Ssasonable Novelties in Hats, wrap:
: &Sis Basques and Pclisses.

s%sasonablc Novelties in Hats, Wrap;
: &fl> Basques and Pclisses.
Red mittens go with red felt hats.
Little folks wear big red felt hats.
The Fedora is the popular plastron.
Very little white neck lingerie is wor.
American silks are growing in popu.
lar favor.
Red is the color for sleighing suits and
wraps.
Plain white linen collars must be two
inches wide.
Nasturtium red-brown shades ara
growing in popular favor.
Red cockades look we'll OF hats of any
color worn in sleighing.
Red diagonal clothf for English driving
jackets is the novelty of the intermedi-
ate season.
The newest jackets and newmarkets
have the sleeves larger below the elbow
than formerly.
Long waistcoats ornament the front
of many dressy morning gowns, dress
ing sacques and matinees.
Large buttons or large clasps instead
of buttons ornament the side panels on
the skirts of homespun dresses, as we'll
as fasten the basque o. jacket.
A hundred years ago ladies used muffis
five or ten times as large as the little
rolls Of fur or pouches Of plush and lace
inclosing the hands this winter.
Long Fedora plastrons of lace, COL
ored, white, cream and black, are much
worn with plain silk or wool frocks to
give the dressy effect for evening wear.
The latest novelties for sorties de bal
are large, long pelisses Of velvet broche
and cisele in evening colors. lined with
fur. One rich clasp of silver or gold
fastens the garment at the neck.
The curved seams on the back of
basques and jackets which join the side
bodices to the middle forms are now
outlined with braid by tailors. An or.
namental trefoil Of braid finishes the
double row at the end of each seam.
Swan's-down trims morning wrap
pers and matinee sacques of white or
pale tinted blue and ro%se-colored cash
mere or wool stuff worn by young ladies
at home in the mornings. But these
garments are not suitable for hotel
breakfast tables nor for afternoon wear
at home when receiving company.
Pretty pelisses for babies are shown,
made of plush, lambs wool cloth and
white woollen stuffs, soft, but thick and
warm. Hats and caps to match make
the little ones look cosy and comforta-
BILE. A little sheer wooden vail of the
tint of the pelisse and hat or cap is
put over the baby's face in the coolest
weather.-N. Y. San.