Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1886-01-28

been drained by S-inch pipe.
A 24-inch sewer.with fall OF in 300,
OF 17.6 feet per mile, will carry 1872 Gu
bic feet per minute, AZ, ,752 cubic feet per
hour and l,l22,048 cubic feet In "a
hours, which allowing 8 cubic feet the
sewage Of each person, will carry the
swewage of l40, ,2f6 persons and be self
cleansing. What sublime folly II Is
then to put in 6-foot sewer any
where.
There is one principle that should
not be forgotten in estimating the size
of a sewer, and that Is: A sewer that
Is running full at the upper end has o
regular descent towards its outlet will
carry its contents at constantly accel
Grated speed, and can, therefore, take
| In frequent additions from branches in
its course and deliver its contents with
out fail at the outlet.
The sewer should be made of imper-
vious material, which should be so
Joined together at the ends that none
| of its contents would leak out to poison
the ground. The reasons for this are
obvious. If the liquid contents are al
lowed to pass out the solid material
will remain and the gases which will
result from the decomposition that will
surely follow such obstruction will pass
out into the soil and thence into the
air. Such sewer would be worse than
none at all.
The sewer should be so constructed
as to be smooth inside, in order that
the friction should be reduced to the
minimum. This would insure as rapid
a flow of the contents as would be pos
sible under the circumstances.
Brick sewers are probably the most
lexpensive and least valuable OF any
material that has every been used.
They are usually loo large, and If they
are cemented to make them air-tight,
and at the same time smooth, the ce-
ment is very apt to get broken or de-
composed by the gases or other chemi-
cal action of the sewage. and then leak.
age will follow, with the results before
named. They are then nothing but
sewers of deposit, or rather, elongated
cess-pools, being no longer seif-clean-
ing.
Sewers should be ventilated at short
Intervals, ard no connection between O
dwelling and a sewer should be made
without a ventilating pipe extending
to the top of the house. If there is nc
such ventilating pipe then there are
many accidents that may happen, that
will cause the house to be filled with
sewer gas. The wind blowing into the
mouth of the sewer, or sudden flow
of storm may force the gas through the
trap. The trap itself may become dry
either through leakage or evaporation
and thus admit these deadly gases into
our habitations, all of which may be
prevented by thorough ventilation OF
the sewers. 1t would be still better
even if the sewer pipes were thorough
ly ventilated, if they were never al.
lowed to enter dwelling. This could
be prevented by constructing an annex
which could be connected with the
sewer and separated from the main
building by an open space. If the
above principles of drainage and sew.
erage were applied to any city or town
there would be great reduction of ep-
idemics of Zymotic and Malarial di-
seases. The working capacity of its in
habitants largely increased and the
death rate greatly diminished and the
aggregate of human happiness promot'