davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
CONSTITUTIONAL CATARRH.

No single disease has rntaiIrd more suffer
ing or FASTENED the breaking up Of the COuStI
tuition than catarrh. The sense "f smell. of
taste uf sight. ul hearing, the human Voice.
the mind one or more, and sometimes all.
yield {" It's destructive influence. The poison
which II distributes Throughout the system Al
taCkS every vital force. and breaks up the most
robust Of constitutions. Ignored. because bat
little understood. 10y most physicians. imPn
tently aSSailrd 10y 4uaCkS and CharldIanS. those
suffering from II have but lIttlr hope To- be- re-
lIrVrd from IL TINS side uf the grave. | is
time, then. that the proper treatment ni this
terrible disease 10y remedies within the reach
Of all passed into hands at once competent and
trustworthy. The new and hitherto umtrrd
method adopted 10y Dr. sanford IN thu prrpa
ration Of his Radical Cure. has won the hearty
approval uf thousands. Ii j. instantaneous
in at"rdiug relief in all head colds, SnrcEing.
>nuftlng and oh>trUcted breathing. and rapid
ly Remove, the most oppressive symptoms.
clearing tn" head. swcrtcuIug the breath. re
storing the sense of smell, taste and hearing.
and nrutralZiug the constitutional Tendency
pf th" disease towards the lungs. liver and
kidneys.
HA>I"Ku'S RADICAL Ct RI consists Of one bot
tie of the RADICAL ClRF. one box ClrARRH Al
~uI.NENT and an IvrRuN ~ INUNLER. price 81
PuTIrR DEJG \ tHENI,,l Co.. BOSruN.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

An old physician, retired from practice,
having had placed in his hands by an East
India missionary the formula of a simple
vegetable remedy for the speedy and per
manent cure of Consumption. Bronchitis,
Catarrh. Asthma and all throat and lung
affections, also a positive and radical cure
for Nervous Debility and all Nervous Com
plants, after having tested its wonderful
curative powers in thousands of cases. has
felt it his duty to make II known Ia his
suffering fellows. Actuated by this motive
and a desire to relieve human suffering.
will send free of charge. 10 all who desire
it. this recipe. in German. French or En-
liSh. with full directions for preparing and
using. Sent by mail by addressing with
stamp. naming this paper, W. \. Moves,
l49 Powers Block, Rochester, y. y.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Il happened to be in one of the wards OF
the Children's hospital some time ago
said lady the other day, at the hour
when. at the beginning Of the short winter
twilight, the children had been prepared
for sleep. II was a beautiful sight 10 SEE
the little C,.nvult.~Ceu,, kneelng in the
little cots auI hepILg Our Father, and
Now lay me down to sleep, and even
more touching and beautiful to see those
who were too weak to rise lifting their tiny
weak hands in prayer. Suddenly one
poor little baby in a distant corner set up
pitiful, wailing cry:
"'I want to 20 home. want to 90
home"
The words were taken up and repeated
from many cot 1t brought the tears
into my eyes, and said TO the nurse:
This must be very hard for you TO
bear"
at is she said, but We generally eN-
pect to hear that when nightfall comes.
Books and toys while away time for such
as are able to sit up, and the other pool
little things lie very patiently all day, but
when the evening comes and the prayers,
there seems to come great longing fol
their homes and for their mothers. There
is little we can do TO prevent it; i. gener-
ally ends when one by one they drop off Il
sleep. Boston Record.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
PRE- ESIDENT AND WIFE

A. We read in strange romance,
Cleveland sat with smiling Frances
Plunged in perfect bliss
He calling her his Little Daisy
She. with eyes SutfuSed and haZH,
Answered with kiss.
said she Tell me- dearest Grover,
Onp thing would fain discover,
What good tact, what penetration
DO you need to rule this nation
When you rule it well "''
Cleveland answered, ''Dcaresr Frances.
See. take no doubtful chances
To gain prominence;
Like j. VI. Knote, I'm juditious.
In my plans I'm expeditions.
And use good, common sense.
Selling clothing or ruling nations
Thi, good rule with application
Surely leads Ia fame:
That's the reason j. ". knote
With his clothing leads all others.
Hence his we'll known name.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
1hE NEWS IN RRIEE.

Joseph Bird. of Lima, O., was killed by
the kick of a mule.
The Knights of Labor will nominate a
state ticket in Wisconsin.
GraSshoppers threaten the destruction of
crops in Warren county. q.
The denomination of Mr.. Holman for
congress will probably result i'll a serious
bolt.
The police commissioners. OF Cincinnati,
will probably confirm the nomination
of Phil DeitSch for chief of the force.
The senate committee on privileges and
elections has postponed further cunSidera-
ton of the Payne case until next Thurs
day.
Washington {. H.. O.. has been selected
a. the camping ground this year for the
First regiment. q. y. c., and the brigade to
which il i attached.
Congressman Holman believes that Mr.
Cleveland must grow IN strength. and that
there is no other democrat for the party Ia
nominate and be able 10 count upon success.
BASE BALI.-St. Louis II, Cincinnati 0;
Louisville .. PittSburg 1: Baltimore ), Ath-
letic 4: Brooklyn 5, Metropolitan 3; New
York 10. Washington 1: Philadelphia ;,
Boston ,.
Chas. Hnfer and tifty-Seven other whole
sale liquor dealers nave filed petitions ia
the superior court of Cincinnati for an in
junction against the collection from them
hy the county treasurer of the Dow law
tax.
In compliance with the decision of the
Ohio supreme court the board of public
works OF Cincinnati has surrendered um-
conditi0nally tn tine board of public affairs.
turning over all public property, including
books and records.
The reported business failures throughout
the country during the last seven days mum
ber for the United States IA, Tor Canada
l |. total lj5; against 2U5 last werk and IsI
the week before.
The president of the liquor league a
Cleveland a1iirm> that beyond a doubt the
decision affirming the validity of the senate
fnrcshadUwS decision sustaining the Dow
law. and that the best plan Is To pay the
the tax before June -, in order 10 avoid
the penalty.
Congress.
JUNE SENATE Resolution offered
calling um the secretary of the treasury Ia
furnish information relative to claims for
adjustment of pOstma>trr> salaries: calling
om the postmaster general for information
a. to the amount of additional cumpem~a-
tion said to be due pnStInasterS under act of
March J. lSs3. Bills past: Reducing from
eight cents To five cents the fee on domestic
money orders or sums not exceeding So:
prohibiting the pub!jca n,t 10 { ry dyer
tISememt> in the district of Columbia and
the territories: to maze the allowance f"r
clerk hire 10 postmaster, al first
and second class poStoftiCe> cover
clerical labor in the mumry-ordrr business:
for the encoura -ement Of the American
merchant marine and to promote postal and
commercial relations with foreign countries
Cthis is the Fry bill. providing for the pay
ment of 10 cents a mile for carrying foreign
mail of the United States. The substance.
of the bill has been already attached as a
senate amendment To the postoftice appro-
priatiOn bill.
HorsE- Resolution offered providing for
the adjournment of congress at noon on
saturday. July ,. The naval appropriation
bill was then taken up and about half of it
disposed Of.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Mrs. Phurm 'h,'>Iry. Peterson, Clay
county. Iowa. tells the following remark
able story. the truth Of which i Nouchrd
for by the residents "t the town: II am -
years old. have been troubled with kidney
complaint and lamrneNS for years; could
not dress myself without help. Now ! am
free from all pain and SORENESS, and am
able to do all my own h"u~cw"rk. | owe
my thanks to Electric Bittrr~ for having re
newrd my youth, and removed completely
all disease and pain" Try bottle, only
IOC at Ludlow X Co. drug store.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
An oy.r-Careful Old Legislator.

Forty years or more ago sat in the In
diana legislature next an old fellow who
always voted no on every bill that was
presented One day said to him. What ;
the matter with you' Can't you say
-aye,n Why, you haven't voted for any
thing since you've been in this house
We'll said he If a good law passes all
right. You never hear anything from
that. but if they pass u bad law want To
be on the record right '"-Cincinnati
Times Star
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
LOCAL NOTICES.


Are attended by an inliamed condition OF
the lining membrane of the n">trils, tear
ducts and throat. affecting the lungs. An
acrid mucus is secreted, the discharge l.
accompanied with a burning sensation.
There are severe SpaSmS of SneeLinE. ire
uurnt attacks of headache, watery and in
tanned eyes. Ely'o Cream Balm is remedy
that can be depended upon. 30 cent, al
druggists; by mail registered, 30 cents.
Ely Brothers, Druggists, OwegO, y. \.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

If people troubled with colds would take
Ayers Cherry PectOral' before going "a
church or places of entertainment they
would avoid coughing. greatly to The COM
fort of both speakers and hearers. Public
speakers and singers md that the PectoraI
wonderfully increases the power and tleXi-
bilitS of the voice.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
LOCAL NOTICES,
A Captains Fortunate Discovery.

Capt. Coleman. Srhr. Wrymouth, plying
between Atlantic City and v y, had been
troubled with cough So that he was unable
to sleep. and was induced L. Try DR.. Kings
New Discovery for Consumption. 1t not
only gave him Instant relief. but allay ed
the extreme SORENESS in his breast. His
children were similarly affected and a
single dose had the same happN effect. Dr
Kings New Discovery is now the standard
remedy in the Coleman household and "u
board the ~ch0umrr. Free trial bottI'~ Of
this standard remedy at Ludlow y Co. -,
drug store.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
N 1N and III
osNsisB Blood HumOrsss

IMlLlATlNG ,Tuptious, Itching and burn
III ing skin tOrturrS. l"athSumr sores, and eN
cry species of itching. SCaly, pimply. inherited
sCruiuuuS and contagious diseases uI the
blood. skin and scalp. with loss of hair. from
infancy t. old age, are positively cured by Gu
tiCura. the great skin cure. anu tutlcuTa soap.
and exquisite skin brautItrr, externally. and
tuticUTa Rr>ulN "ui the new blood purifier. Ia
trTuallN
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
Rncklin's ArnICn SnINe.

THE Best SALvE in the world for Cuts.
Bruises Sores. Ulcers. salt Rheum, Fever
Sores. letter. Chapprd Hands. ChilhlainN.
CurlS and all skin rruptiuuS. and positively
cures Piles, or no pay required. 1t is guar
anteed to give perfect satisfaction. or money
refunded. Price - cents per box. For
sale by Charles Ludlow X Go.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
SCOTS EMULSION OF PURE

Cod Liver oil, with Hypoph"-Phites,
i more reliable aS an agent in the CuIe Of
consumption. chronic coughs and emacia-
ton. than any remedy known to medical
science. 1t i 80 prepared that the potency
of these two most valuable specifics is large
" increased. 1t is 50 palatable.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Mrs WinSIow'S Soothing Syrup. for chill
dren teething, is the prescription of one of
the best female nurses and physicians in
the United States, and has been used for
years with neverfailing success by millions
of mothers for their children. During the
process of teething its value is incslculable
1t relieves the child from pain. cures dySen-
tery and diarrh9a, gripping in the bowels
and wind collie. By giving health to the
child il rests the mother. Price 25c bottle
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

The small politicians of England should
keep out of ,iladstone's way He might
step on them.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Whoever has visited the Shakers must
have noticed the bright, clear complexion
of the sisters. That bloom of youth is the
result of perfect digestion of food. The
sallOw. detected cUuntenance peryading
nearly ali ouI ladies is the result of indi-
geStiOn The Shaker Extract of Roots
(Siegel.s Syrup will give immediate relief
and bring back the glow of health.
Harvey Lee, merchant at Twin Springs,
Mcdonald county, Mo-, writes May 9, 1854:
The Shaker Extract of Roots has cured
nv wife of sick headache, which she has
been subject 10 for ten pears. She feels 50
proud over it that ShewiShes me to sincere
ly thank you for sending the medicine 10
this place" James NJ Morgan. merchant,
of Empire Ky. writes Feb. Is, 1854: "A
gentleman who had been afflicted for years
with severe rheumatism has been perfectly
cured by seven bottles. Send three dozen
more at once"
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

JAMES SULLIVAN. of Salem, Oregon.
says he was cured of the Asthma by Iiil-
more'S Magnetic Elixir. For sale by Theo
Troupe, druggist.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Elizabeth Cleveland made Sl2, 900 out of
her first book but the pending question now
is whether she will make authorship pay
''Inthe Long Run
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

PaTusIl i the uncrowned king of Ire
land. and Gladstone is likely to prove the
uncuswned king of England and Scotland
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

4 contemporary speaks of Hon. John
Little a. proper person to return to con
gress from the Eighth district. He had
better try his own district first.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

1t is a democratic paper which intimates
that the Ohio club" people and their fol
lowers. who are opposed TO Doodle frauds.
could be crowded into one omnibus.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

1t is likely that Frankie" will prove to
be the wife of Mr.. Cleveland and not OF
the administration.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Mrs. Cleveland will not write book.
neither will she contribute 10 the quarterly
reviews-or the public journals.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

We are not only to have fine, abundant
crops in Clark county, but likely. also. Ia
have splendid weather in which t" harvest
them.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Bob Kennedy is 10 be congratulated on
the enemies he has made. The boodle de
mocracy hates him with an ungodly hatred
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

NERVE-LIFE AND NIGOR restored in
men and women by using Gilmore'S Aro-
matte Wine. Fore sale by Theo. Troupe,
druggist.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Col Charles b. Flood. the veteran Ohio
democratic journalist, has just entered his
nth year. and although a little ''shaky on
his pins" is in fair health.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Pittsburg boasts a pretty plethoric de
linquent tax list filling nearly eight pages
of the Di>pnfch. but She should wait until
she sees Chicago'S exhibit before she puts
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

From what the English say about Blaine
one would suppose that he was a parlia-
mentary candidate. But he is not being
only a man 50 large thar he spreads freely
over both continents
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

We regret TO learn of the death of the
Maharaiah of lndore. An old friend of
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
"Prop'r Michpner'S Express.

"IrOpT MlchPnerS Express.
''JelkintOwn. Pa. ="
Il wish to state that a valuable horse of
mine was taken with collie. and. after using
all means available, the thought struck me
as | had no salts in the house, To USE Sim
mons Liver Regulator. After giving about
four ounces of it, in the lapse of half hour
he had an operation and was cured. |
think it valuable information TO yourselves
and stock raiseTS.
Yours respectfully,
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

The next Gilbert and Sullivan musical
craze will be called The Khedive."
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Gov Dave Hill. of New York, was forced
10 adurit at Boston that Grover Cleveland
WAS good democrat But he didn't add
that he wa> good democrat renominate
for the presidency.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

There are no marked developments a To
congressional candidates in the Eighth dis
trict. a. set Each aSPirant evidently Is
waiting for some other asPirant t" make
move The woods are fuli'' Of most eN-
cpilent timber and there i possibly littl|
understandable lumber left in the board
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Schleiss, ore of the doctors who dipped
into the Bavarian Ludwig's brain to see
what had mace him act 50 ridiculously lille
alive. gives out the professional decision
that the kings cerebeIlum was sound, but
that the cerebral membrane the wrapper
round the thing was insane. He could
think nationally. but his thoughts got mixed
up in this diseased wrapper. YaaS.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

RGrpcr'S Weekly has a cartoon represent
Ing Nova Scotia under full steam, sailing
into Boston harbor. The British lion is
represented as standing on what is left Of
Canada and lashing his tail furiOuSly.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

ScrOfula, and all forulN of ScrotuouS dis
essr>, are rapidly purged by the use of
4 Nrr's SarSanarilla.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Il take pleasure in saying that when my
horses were sick with what was called lung
fever, last Spring, | gave Simmons Liver
Regulator OIiqUidl in one ounce doses. twice
a day. They all recovered speedily.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

The ovatiOns given Gladstone on his Scot
tish campaign testify that the old man is
vet sovereign in the hearts Of the British
people. and that the home rule Of Ireland,
which he is championing. is the most pOpu-
lar thing he has ever projected. We believe
he will carry the next parliament on the
issue he has made.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

Gladstone i on ''the home stretch. and
will make the grandeSt campaign of his
whole career He will have the next most
powerful man in Great Britain to help him
namely. Charles Stewart Parnell.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
SITURDAY EVENING. JUNE rs. 1885.

The business prospects of the country aP-
pear 10 be- Frightening. daily.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
CTRE EVERY CASE.

Your Cuticura Remedies Outsrll all other
keep for skin disease. My custom
rrS and patients say they haN" effected "A cure
in every instance. Wherr other remedies have
failed. II " .RkOChWAN. NJ D.
Franklin Falls, Y II.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

There Is no one article i'll the line OF med
icines that gives 50 large return for the
money as a good porous strengthening plall
ter, such as Carters Smart Weed and BeaS-
donna Backache PlaSters. 74e
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

tITICu RN Revenues ~n.d by all druggist Price
CUTICU KA..H cents; soar, - cents KE>"LvENT,
el.U. Prepared 10y the PurTEE DKUG NNp CHEN-
ICAL Co, Boston, Mass. Send for How to Cure
Skin Diseases"
pL IIIIFl the complexion and skin by
DI4l L using the CutIcura soap.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

III l., Iulnlu UI,I
Lately occupied by A. N.
Crothers.)
FOR % DAYS.
Next ensuing, | will, if
necessary, give away
much of my present
stock. | have thor
oughIy overhauIed it
and marked down
every thread of it.
Buyers can prove this
assertion by investiga-
ton. My present prices
are notoriousIy the
lowest of any in the
trade, but | have re-
solved to cut them.
| only make one
SIaughtering Special
Drive in eight years,
and | am determined
to make it a good one.
Go around among the
trade, examine styles,
make and trimming
and get prices. 1t costs
nothing to look, and
you will be convinced
of the above facts.
J.M.KNOTE
5 East Main Street,
|. GLOBE CLOTH|NG HOUSE.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19
SCALP. FACE. EARS AND NECK.

WIS afflicted with Eczema on the scalp face.
ears and neck. which the druggist where got
your remedies, pronounced one Of the worst
eases that had come under his notice. lie ad
NiStd me 10 try your CutIcura Remedies and
after five DAYS use my scalp and part nf my
face were entirety cured. ana hope IN auoth
cr week L. have my ears, neck, and the other
part OF my face cured. HERMAN SLApE.
10 T. an street y
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

The French senate would not concur in
the chambers proposal to eNpel the dudes
who are playing prince, duke, and Sich in
that republic. The French senate is itself
a sort of house of lords. the members be
ing chosen for life. There may come time
when it will be thought necessary 10 eXpel
the senate.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

The imperial government has whispered
over 10 her daughter Canada to GO just a
lent enforcement of treaty-prOyisiOnS al to
US. And Canada is now much less ran
tankefuuS than she Was about capturing
American fiShing-vessels.
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

writer in the C"mmcTciGi-Gdzettc says:
at is notorious among athletes that in
individual contests the much-vaunted Ger
man Turner has to succumb nearly every
time to the powers Of the native American.
ths EngliShman. Irishman, or ScOtchman."
And he warns against the Drawn which
cnnnas nf ht,er"
Springfield globe-republic. (Springfield, Ohio) 1884-1887, 1886-06-19

We are soon TO have a comprehensive no
ton of the nature of the charges with
which MeSSrS. CreSSweli and Roe. whs were
recently discharged from the Cincinnati
Enq1dTer editorial rOOmS were loaded. Ii
is said that their statements will impli-
cate both Mclean and Myers proprietor
and editor OF the Enquirer, in the di>trihu-
ton of boodIe with which to down" Pen
dletun by electing Payne To the senate.
They state that Mclean said he spent
SlOO OO0 To help Payne and was badly re-
warried for it" The famous Peter Schwah
sf Hamilton. who wasn't treated right
by Payne after he got into the senate. is
also loaded and provided with hair-tIiggrr
that can be worked without the services Of
a Stump-puller. The atmosphere is getting
pretty su!try for the gang people.
The defeat of Murrisun'S till for tinker
ing the tariff had been anticipated. but the
houses refusal. by seventeen majority. Ia
90 into committee Of the whole upon ii was
somewhat of a surprise 10 Morrison ana his
fellow democrats of the free-trade perSua-
sion. The thirty-tiyr drmocrats who vottNl
with the republicans TO trample thus Oh
Morrison and spit upon their party'> nation
al platform will be labored with 10 rally Ia
the last great principle let. 10 the dcm"c-
racy: for Morrison gave notice that he in
tended 10 renew his motion next week.
The Ohio supreme court has again put
itself into contempt by dividing on the
party-line 1t has decided that the law
creating the board of public affairs is con-
stitutiOnal. and that the senate, a. constl-
tuted when the law was passed, was a
constitutional body. The decision is right
and according 10 precedent, but the two
democratic judges could not see it in that
light. After ali. a supreme judge is very
human little fellow, with the maximum OF
partisan blood in his head.