Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1886-12-16
VOLUME VIII.


The last arrangement. under tho treaty OF
1871, was abrogated, after duo notice by the
United States, ON June 30 1885, but was
abled to obtain for our fishermen for the re-
mainder OF that season enjoyment OF tho full
privileges accorded by the terminating treaty.
The Joint Commission by whom the treaty had
been negotiated, although invested with plenary
power to mako permanent settlement were
content with n temporary arrangement. after
tho termination of which the question was
relegated to the stipulations Of the
treaty Of 1878. as to the first article Of
which no construction satisfactory TO both
countries has ever boen agreed upon Tho prog
ress OF civilization and growth OF population In
the British provinces 10 which the fisheries in
question are contiguous, and tho expansion Of
commercial intercourse between them and the
United States present condition OF affairs
scarcely at the date OF the negotiations
of 1918. New and vast interests have been brought
into existence. Modes OF intercourse between the
respective countries have been invented and
multiplied; the methods OF conducting the Ash
cries have been wholly changed and all this
is necessarily entitled to candid and care
ful consideration in tho adjustment OF
the terms and conditions OF intercourse and
commerce between tho United States and their
neighbors along frontier OF over $500 miles.
This propinquity, community Of language and
nfstfr0tt66s, ,fRdrtHtS ta89le ah69j6l
ficial and friendly relations. While 1 am un-
feigredly desirous that such relations should
exist between us and the inhabitants of Canada,
yet the action OF their officials during the past
season toward our fishermen has been such as to
seriously threaten their continuance.
Although disappointed in my efforts to secure
a satisfactory settlement Of the fishery question,
negotiations are still pending with reasonable
hope that before the close of the present ses-
| sion OF Congress the announcements may be
made that an acceptable conclusion has been
reached.
AT an early day there may be laid before Con-
gress the correspondence OF the Department OF
State In relation to this important subject, 80
| that the history Of the past fishing season may
be fully disclosed and the action and the atti-
tude Of the administration clearly compre-
hended. More extended reference is not DEEM
cd necessary in this communication.
THE ALASKA BOUNDARY.
The recommendation submitted last year
that provision be made for a preliminary recon-
noissance OF the conventional boundary line be-
| tween Alaska and British Columbia, is re-
moved.
THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
depressed my unhesitatng conviction that
| the intimacy OF our relations with Hawaii
should be emphasized. As result of the re-
| highway of oriental and Australian traffic, are
virtually an outpost Of American commerce
and a stepping-stone to the growing trade OF the
Pacific. The Polynesan island groups have
been 80 absorbed by other and moro power
full governments that the Hawaiian
Islands are left almost alone in the
important for should be preserved Our
| treaty is now terminablo on one years notice,
but propositions to abrogate it would be, in my
judgment, most ill-ad used. The paramount
influence We have there acquired, once relin-
quished, could only with difficulty be regained
might be converted into a stronghold for our
commercial competitors earnestly recon-
mend that the existing treaty stipulations be
extended for n futher term of seven years. A
| recently signed treaty to this end is now before
the Senate.
The Importance OF teleraphic communica-
| tion between these islands and the United
| States should not be overlooked.
RELATIONS WITH JAPAN.
The question of general revision OF the trea-
ties of Japan is again under discussion at To-
kio. As the first to open relations with that en-
pire and as the nation in most direct CONNER
cial relation with Japan, the United States have
| lost opportunity to testify their consistent
| friendship by supporting the just claims OF ia
pan to autonomy and independence among ma
tions. treaty OF extfadition between the
United States and Japan, the first concluded by
| that empire, has been lately proclaimed.
and Jne dfnicufty or maintaining directive SOW
ereignty over its outlying districts have exposed
that republic to encroachment. 1t can not be
forgotten that this distant community is an Off
shoot of our own system, owing its origin TO tho
associated beneyolence OF American citizens
whose praiseworthy efforts to create nucleus
| of civilization in the dark continent have COM
| manded respect and sympathy everywhere, es-
pecially in this country. Although formal
protectorato over Liberia is contrary to our
| traditional policy the moral right and duty OF
! the United States to assist in all proper ways
the maintenance OF its integrity IS obvious
| ing nearly half century. L reccommend
that in the reorganization OF our navy, small
vessel, no longer found adequate TO our needs,
| be presented to Liberia to be employed by it in
the protection OF its coastwise revenues.
OUR SISTER REPUBLIC.
The encouraging development of beneficial
J and Intimate relations between the United
States and Mexico. which has been SO marked
/ within the past few years. is at once the oc-
| casion of congratulation aud Of friendly solicit
| tude Iurgently renew my former representa-
| tion of the need of speedy legislation by Con-
| gress to carry into effect the reciprocity com
1883. Our commercial treaty OF 1881
] with Mexico was terminated according to its
provisions in 1861, upon the notification given
| by Mexico. in pursuance of her announced pol
icy Of recastng all her commercial treaties i
eign govemments new treatios of commerce
and navigation defining alien rights of trade,
property, and residence, Treatment OF shipping,
consular privileges, and the like. Our yet un-
| executed reciprocity convention of 1888 covers
| mono of these points, the settlement of which is
so necessary to gooi relationship, and propose
to initiate with Mexico negotiations for a new
and enlarged treaty OF commerce ana nnviga-
| ton.
THE CUTTING CASE.
In compliance with resolution OF the Senate
L communicated to that body on August last,
| and also to the House OF Representatives the
| correspondence in the case OF A. X. Cutting, an
American citizen, then imprisoned in Moxico,
| charged with the commission Of penal offense
| in Texas OF which Mexican citizen was the
object. After dcman hal been made for his
release the charge against him was amended so
as TO include a violation Of Mexican law within
| Mexican territory This joindor OF al
legged offenses, one within and the other
exterior to Mexico, induced me to
order, special investigation of the case, pond
| ing which Mr.. Cutting was released The incident
has, however, disclosed claim for jurisdiction
by Mexico novel in our history, whereby any
onense committed anywhere by n foreigner,
penal I'm the place OF it's commission. and of
which n Mexican is tho object, may, IL the
offender be found in Mexico, DO there tried and
punished in conformity with Mexican laws.
Jurisdiction was sustained by tho courts of
Mexico in the Cutting case AMI approved by tho
executive branch of that Government upon the
authority of the Mexican statute. The Appellate
Court, in releasing Mr.. Cutting, decided that
the abandonment by the Mexican citizens ag-
grievcd by tho alleged crime Ia libelous pub
lication), removed the blsis OF further prosecu-
tion, and also declared justice to have been
satisfied by the enforcement Of n small part of
the original sentence. The admission OF such
suits, invasive Of the jurisdiction of this Gov
ernment, and highly dangerous to our citizens
in foreign lands; therefore have denied 1t,
| and protested against its attempted exercise,
as unwauantod by tho principles of
law and international usage. A sovereign
has jurisdiction OF offenses which take effect
within his territory, although concerted or COM
| menced outside of IL, but the right is denied Of
any foreign sovereign to punish n citizen Of the
United States for an offense consummated on
| our soil In violation OF our laws, even though
J the offense be against n subject or citizen Of
such sovereign The Mexican statute in ques-
ton makes the claim broadly, and the princi-
| bility in the citizen, and lead to confusion
destructive OF that certainty In the law which
| is an essential OF liberty. When citizens
| OF the United States voluntarily 60 into n for
| eign country they must abide by the laws there
| in force, and will not be protected by their own
Tense against those laws committed in such for
| oigu country; but watchful care and interest Of
this Government over its citizens are not relin-
Charged with crime committed i'm foreign
| land a fair and open trial, conducted with de-
cent regard for justice and humanity, will be