The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1886-07-21

ed, and the labor has increased from
year to year to such an extent that it
became necessary to subdivide the
work OF the experimental stations into
separate departments.
At the present time the agricultur-
al experimental system is divided into
She following classes, which, however,
are not sharply disconnected:
l. Agricultural experimental sta
tons for the education of young men
in agriculture.
In Germany there are three kinds
of agricultural schools:
First, the lower schools, the social
ed winter schools, (Hmter~hulen.)
which are mostly to lie found in the
Rhenish Province. They are fre-
quented by the suns OF small agricul-
turists after having passed through
the elementary schools. The chief
instructor of this school gives lessons
during winter, with the aid OF assist
ant teachers, in chemistry, physical
science, the culture of plants, cattle
breeding, bookkeeping &c. During
summer the chief instructor has a
certain district to travel over, to hold
lectures, to watch over his scholars as
they carry out practical farming on
the estates of their fathers, and to
take care that the scholar makes prac-
teal use of his scientific experience,
especially with reference to the cul-
ture of plants, manuring, feeding, &c.
These lower schools have been in ex-
istence only for comparatively short
period, but they have proved to be
very good, and the best results are ex-
pected in the future.
Second. The middle schools, (-Hu-
telSchulen,) } which serve principally for
the education of a higher grade ofag-
ricultnrists, who are destined to be-
come managers and overseers of large
farms.
Third. The high schools, (Hochu-
len,) which are mostly connected with
the universities. In these schools the
scientific experimental system is plin-
cipally taught; the Instructors carry
out scientific experiments in the cul-
ture of plants, manuring, cattle-breed77
ing, cattle feeding and the like, and
students are taught in suchT manner
as to induce them to watsh these ex-
periments with understanding, and to
infuse IN them an interest for scientif-
ic researches. -fhese young agricul-
turists are expected to follow, in later
life, the progress of agricv..,,ure, and
to be.ao.e to carry out experiments
ortheir own estates.
2. Scientific agricultural expert
mental stations the so called "lFjSS-
enscao aoMichland,cir|hchytliche Fers-
These stations are
generally connected with the above
mentioned high schools, the directors
Of which have also to deliver lectures
st the said institutions The prlnci-
pal studies embrace the physiology Of
plants and farm stock, the former at
near the famous Uni
5ersity Of Bonn, and the latter at the
University of Halle and Gottingen,
special attention being devoted at the
after to the digestibility Of food ma
:erial.
Agricultural experimental stations
LaNd,clthchqrtlche Iers,tchSSrtion-
ny for the use and benefit of practi-
al ag1icu!turists. These stations are
distributed all over Germany, and as
, rule every station has its own spec
al district in which its duties are con-
med. The work undertaken by the
Gferent stations is in accordance
aart,v with the local wants and part
y with such scientific research
IS the directors may see fit to select
themselves It is in the highest de- !
,ree commendable that the Govern (
nent and the agricultural district as
ociations give the greatest freedom
o the directors in choosing and car {
wing out such experimental work as {
hey may think most valuable to the
of science and practical
.griculture. As matter of course,
he directors of the experimental sta +;
ions are expected to undertake only (
uch Investigations as would be ad-
antageous to his district. This per- (
onal latitude allowed in the selection {
# the line of experiments has no !
ioubt contributed largely to the good
esnlts Which have been accomplished {
y the agricultural experimental sta !
ions during the last thirty years, {
'hereas if any scientific work has
'een forced upon any director, who e
erhaps would have taken little or no '
aterest in the subject, it might have |
esulted in next to nothing. 8
As rsle the experiments made by y
aese stations are carried out in con- f
lnction with practical agriculturists. c
he director of the experimental sta l
on gives instructions as to how cer-
lin manuring experiments ought to
e followed He then superintends t
le execution of the same ana collects S