Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1885-1890, 1886-10-16
GREAT FALLS TRIBUNE.
BUILDING.
Wrs2tea fer tie Ifi5jaae:
FRAMING.

- tt-'t f"' ~ 1921
FRAMING.
While the wall IS in process OF construc-
ton, the framing Of the timber that IS, the
cuttin. into lengths, fitting and mortisine,
viii Nave been going GA. The first timber
at ii place Il tl~lesiil, and this should have
a thick bed of soft cement mortar prepar
ed for If by the mason, and be hammered
finally down into II. This closes up the
~crcyice between tile top Of the stone-wofk
and the timber, through which in badly
built houses. much cold air finds it way
into Tile hollow floors. For additional pro-
lection After adjustmant whichi Is @ene-ally
necessary to get the sil into position, is
oyer. it l. best 10 Ioint nf with similar
mortar along its oHter edge.
In most cases the sill IS the subject of
more notchiM". Gaorttsing and cutting than
INV other timHaf ii tha building. and must
b WI sl..lrTa.J5 dimensions 10 allow for
tllis. -ix iv @x iaehe- \ 4 connlon eize,
or 81 ny e.e,t, where the basement open
inss are lree. or there is danger OF decay
alfectias file uadeg side. The angles dre
l24lved te@etl,ar aad pinned Of s~troa@}y
spiked, Many b'tld2rs secure tha Nh IN
tha foundation wells ly moan vi R@af+ia5l
bolts, about two teat ion-, baiIt FIJI tIle
craa;er paet d their Length into the walls
ii intervals Of eiaIt or ten feet. CORES
pending holes IL bored in the sill ami this
is Slipped over tie bolts and secured ly
nuts ana washers. With light structures
il exposed situations this forms i valuable
Safeguard against storms.
Into .he siiI the floor beams Are framed
in various wa.s. ! very common and bad
mode is to notch it some three inches deep
cutting . corresBondin@tenon Oh the upper
corner OF the beam SO that the upper sur
face of this When III place is flush with the
top Of the sill. the loWerpart projecting be
low. This nacessitates the thinning Oft q
the upper part Of the wall which would
otherwise come in the way Of the beams,
while tie tenon, from which hangs the
edges flash With the bottom OF the sill, with
whole weight Of the beam and its load of
ten splits o.. The beams should, instead
Of this. he cat 50 as to bring their lower
a notch perhaps two inches deep TO hold
them ia place. Then the tenor viii be
deep enough TO hold safely, and the wall
can be made Of the full thickness to the
very top.
Mortices must also be made for the cor
terscctiul VI interior partitions with the
outside walls. Usually each Of the filling
in" studs L&s also It's appropriate mortiee,
even in balloon" framing, but occasionally
4 cheap builder contents himself with
simply setti,g The end OF the stud down or
the iii and occurring ~ ~ nails driven 81
a-ol&.iy l.fs htae .coF, OTeou.se t4e
position IF ;,I tie IHort.se4 ~ taken from
tia ..4Eir- p,2hs and elevations. which
cannot 10 too carefully made. or the exc
catioa III 1asm too closeEy watched, Is :
window, q caimney-opealae, era s>s;cs93g
once framed in Tie wren" Els.- ea4a6.t b
altered subsequently wi1hou1 Injury n ths
zoliaity u- TLe building. HorAL4en NIX
yeag a~4-elaea ABOUT st.eA matters; Y Ia-e.
iaan Has been kslossn 70 use L framing pIar
tf&acI o1 transparent ciota, wrong side Gp
and re@~gdless Of the careful lettering ana
figures on the rI4ht side, 10 cut the mort
ises for The whole side CT 4 house Nv seal
ing wien 4 foot rule the dimensions III saal
inverted through the waNed lilca. and IL j
true even With the most carefully draw
pl@ls before them, for trainers to compiets
the 1nortjsjng Of q sill without eros.
mistakes. Inc young architect or super
intendent should, therefore, rs soon as the
siii5 are set in place, verify every measure
ment. The figures o. the plans for i wood
en- building should always give the dis
tances Of the centre Of the openings from
the corners Of tie building and from eacl
other; tAe2 lie middle point between tn,
mortises made in the sill for tie stud.
which form The jainbs of the opening ca.
be readily found and compared directI,
with the figure. Il the plans ire figured
as is sometimes done, il the way apnropri
ate to stone or brick buildings by gigiae
the distances to the jambs Of the openings
the verifcation ismueh more difficult sine.
the rough studs are always SET two inche
OF more wider 1t each side than the finish
ed opening is intended to be, to allow 70
the weights and lines il the case Of win
dows and doors to admit a little play in SET
ting frames.