davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

ENoR SALE-STOCK AND FixTURES
10 ola trst-elRss grooery store, doing q
good business dood roAsons FOR selling.
Address X. o., this ofiieo. Al3.l2ta
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

|lN1Ep-TwO aENTLEM EN- TO
board In private family, where they
kioy home colfOrts. Gas, bath, etc.
WsH 3rd street. alo-stT
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19
STEAMER e-cRa
BRANDyWlHE 60

AYOTIUE-I WILL UOM a ENCE ON
~ Monday, I'D inst. to regulate, zeal
and stamp all weights and measures for the
year 1880, which are being or will be used IN
New Castle County for this year. All work
to be done that may be left At Kyle's, Ninth
and King streets, or at my residence, 1l3o
Poplar street, Will receive prompt attention.
JACOB DEAKYNE,
Regulator Of Weights and Measures.
Wilmington, Del, March 10, 1885. eod-em
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

'lMED-G ENTLLM EN- BOARDEKS
u Ib King street. Also table
M A3-2ots
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

PludsacSs,g ny gThFULi I'M,
q ls'Sls ssVs.H ss'S9, ,.sy cured
y. WilmiSgt.a,eee PhiladslphiT'
L K1NS=on, Del. ns-eod ~
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

{ oT.T-lHE HOUSE NO no. nj, Il
=, ,,,.,t Apply 70 PAVL 81 y,
, n,,,ss san, or JAMES w. k No y,
|nsrket street.
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

ANfED A GOOD GIRL TOR
E'itf'l houseTOrk. Apply at 4oS
'arITe ne. ais
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

YOUNG MAN As
salesman to fell goods from . wagon.
kninon, security required; job steady;
Zee required as TO character ana soliisy'
At sol Market street. mFeh
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19
WANTED.

LrTyIl-l;lRLs FURNISHED FOR
q cents for all capacities. Lady
tcr ,tore always on hand; Apply ~
|lInrgton Intelligence oifico, SoS "
Ereet.
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

NOR SALE TWO COWS, VSz-ARl
Il with caves By their side. Ap. NAVY
ply at corner Maryland avenue and WA-
Oak street. alt-0ls
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

!, vVNT-NEw sroRE AND DW VEL
~ sssiE b. esrasr Of Front and u,aJ'on
NY s., s for drug store T s,a.t,
(, asK hsrfst street.
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

|ANrTD-AFIRsT-C GLASS TAILOR
en- On tine custom coats. at 81 to "
esk. Apply to GEUkaE Asa,
|N 1906 Market street.
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

IyTFD-t GOOD, ACTIVE BOY
lor grocery store. Must DC solo 70
4 por.e Reference must he glseh
M reply. address grocery" this
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

!, g,sr-rHIRD STORY FRONT
Rhr.,,hsd or unfurnishod, with
VeI' I'D TOR MsrAst 81. dW-u
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

'AhIED-G0OD PANT MAKERS,
loNorE IN shop. Apply at INQUIRE 4
|AfEst ,treet. alT.st
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

EsNT : Rooms, WITH Oh
St,hOut board; also table DoAru, On, ~
n street.. ------t.-,
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

ENOR SALE-kGaS FOX HATOHIN3
e from pure bred Plymouth Rocks, light
Brahmas, white and brown LeghOrns. 81 for
Is oERg, or 81 10 for ~. y. SPEAkMAN.
sixth avenue and AneAorAee stroot, West
Wilmington. main
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

NOR SALE-FRAME DWELLING AND
II stables. in the suburbs, with adjoining
lot lo01le0 feet for garden; some fruit. 4 II.
9RLChf, us Market street. Rl6-Tt
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

NOR SALE-FIRSr GLASS SODA
Il fountain. Apply at this otiioo. ala II
NOR SALE-CHEAP. BABY OOAOH,
II good as n=w. N7 WNlnut ST. alo SIT
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19

EltOR SALE OK RENT-THI PROPER
u ty ct southwest corner Of TAnd and
Church Streets, now tananted BY ths HaFe u
Morgan OeMrsny. Apply TO ]. Il. AOF
f&Ck Ek, J H., truEtAe o, Jos. Toas' estate
Daily Republican. [volume] ([Wilmington, Del.]) 1874-1890, 1886-04-19
Or P.J. FORD. 9th and Rodnss .s1i.ti

yTOR SALE CAEAr-ONE MARVIN
z nro-proot safe, nearly now; height 70
inches. width 81, depth 70. Also / SGT OF
FAirbank's platform scales, 100 pounds 90
pacity. Will be sold 4 bargain 70 close 9
Ascgunt. Inquire ~ this
otfico mlR-tf
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27

he said it would be better TO await the ar
rival of papers from Lord Duffierin before
making any statement The Government
using its influence to prevent any ina
portant breach of International law. On
this point he said, he felt strongly, because
it had been reported that he had given en-
couragement to Greece This statement he
denounced as untrue, and declared that Eng
land, above all, desired peace in the East.
Referring to Ireland, the Prime Minister said
the Government has RETAINED from renewing
the crimes act because there had been q
prospect of returning order in that country.
The experiment, however. had failed. al
though every chance had been given to make
il succeed. Nothing. he said, could exceed
the patience of the Earl of Carnarvon in car
rying out his mission OF peace. The disease,
said he, existed in Westminster, and not in
Ireland and the Government must try to
stamp it out here. The words of Mr.. Glad
stone, he declared, were answerable for
many Irish evils. Mr.. Gladstone had not
spoken, he said, with sufficient firmness con-
corning the integrity of the Empire.
The Prime Minister'S speech was received
with cheers.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
i. .Iudre Arrested for Forgery.

INDIANA, Pa, Jan. 2i.-Judge Harry
White was arrested this morning charged
with forgery. The information was made
by bis brother, Thomas White, q
son of Alexander White, who Is
contesting his mothers will, of which
Judge White is executor. The information
made before the magistrate charges the Judge
with altering and classifying certain docu
mcnt in the Orphans Court of Indiana
County. Judge White served two terms in
Congress, was member of the Pennsylvania
State Constitutional Convention of 1874,
served twelve years as member of the State
Senate, was a Brigadier General OF the
Pennsylvania National q nards, was Major
of the Slxty-seventh Pennsylvania Nolun.
teers, was imprisoned in Libby and Sauls'
bury, and escaped in 1864. After the wal
he was Breveted Brigadier.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
ROMANTIC LOVERS.
How Kansas Girl slid Down a Roof Into
MatTimony.

LEAyENwOETH, Kan, Jan. 2l.-This morn
ing at O'Clock James Gustin, aged twenty,
formerly connected with the Edgerton Kan
Courier, and Mss Eliza Bruce aged eighteen,
OF the same place arrived at the residence of
y. J. White, pastor of the Christian Church,
of this city, where they were quickly mar
lied, taking rooms at the Continental Hotel
shortly afterwards as James Gustin and wife
II is the elimination OF quite a romantic af-
fair. 1t seems Mr.. Gustin, the groom, who is
the son OF q farmer residing q short distance
north of Edgerton. met Miss Bruce last April
Gust:n located in Edgerton March 1, 1855,
and in a pril he met the lady at a wedding
receiving an Introduction to her through an
open window by means OF q lighted match in
the hands of the friend that made item ac-
quainted so ronantioally. Young Gustin
was very much struck with the beauty and
accomplishment OF the young lady, and
paid assiduous court to her from that time
on. she encouraged his suit, and a strong
affection sprang up between them. Miss
Bruce IS the daughter Of T. T. Bruce q prom
inent stockman Of Buchanan County, and
her parents were not long in finding out the
secret. The Young couple were engaged TO
5e married two years and six months later
but the efforts of the girls parents to break
up the match only preclpitated matters, and
yesterday Mr.. Gustin arrived by rail, and,
seeking Justice Hawns Office, procured a
license and returned. Last night, at
All appointed hour. when the old folks were
abel and asleep, the young man and an elder
brother, W. j. Gustin, aged twenty-three,
drove up in front OF the young lady's home
with a span of trotters attached TO a sleigh.
The Bruce residence is two stories high, and
while the anxious lover waited in the sleigh
.1.1
the rear of the house. She was ready, and
made her exit from the window OF her room
in the second story, sliding down over the
kitchen roof Immediately under the windor,
and dropping in the arms OF the brother
who conducted her TO the sleigh. The hour
Of departure was $50 and from that time till
3 o'clock this morning the distance of TWEEN.
ty-iiye miles, from EdgertOn to Ieaven worth,
was traYersed, in spite of the bad and rough
roads. This evening the newly-wedded pair
will leave on the Rock Island for home, to
reside with the parents Of the groom.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
I,REMEMsER, BOYS MAKE MEN.


When you see ragged urchin
Standing wiSttul in the street,
With torn hat and kneeleSs trousers
Dirty face ana bare red feet,
Pass not by the child unheeding;
Smile upon him. Mark me. when
Hes grown he'll not forget il;
For remember. boys make men.
When the buoyant youthful spirits
Overflow in boyiSh freak,
Chide your child IN gentle accents,
Do net IN your anger speak.
You must SOW in youthful b0s0mS
seeds OF tender mercies; then
Plants viii grow and bear good fruitage,
When the erriag boys are men.
Have you never seen a grandsire,
With his eyes agiOw with Joy,
Bring to mind some act OF kindness
Something said TO him q boy
OR relate some slight or GOODNESS,
With brow all ciouded, when
He said they were too thOughtles
TO remember boys make men2
Let us try to add some pleasures
To the life OF every boy
For each child needs tender Interest
IN its sorrows and its joys:
Call your boys home by Its brightness:
They'll avoid gloomy den.
And seek for comfort elsewhere
Aud remember, boys make men
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
with cheers.

WHO ALLEGES THAT SENATOR PAYNE, or OHIO,
GAINED HIS STAT BY BRIBERY.
The most striking OF recent events in the
political world is the charge made by
Simeon X. Donayin, of Columbus, o., that
United States Senator Henry r. Payne was
elected 10 succeed and in preference TO SEN
atOr George II. Pendleton by the corrupt use
of money paid to members of the Ohio
Legislature. Dir. Payne's term began March
4, 1856.
Senator Payne says he shall pay no atten-
ton to the cl arge made against him. Under
the precedent of the Senate no investigation
will he ordered except 10y Mr.. Paynes re-
quest, unless tlse case, clearly supported by
tangible and direct evidence. is laid before it
by citizens OF Ohio. OF the fifteen Legislators
accused by Mr. Donayin of having received
brides from Mr.. Payne. one has directed his
lawyer to bring suit against the paper in
which this great political scandal was first
published.
Not long ago the accused man and his ac-
cuser were close political friends. The
appointment OF Postmaster at Canton, o.,
who was not wanted by the citizens of that
place, or recommended by Mr.. Donayin,
caused rupture.
Simon X. Donavin is Familiarity known in
Ohio as Sim DOnavin. He Is about fiftv-
five years OF age, red.laced and wears Mill
tary mustache- He was originally from
Baltimore, where one of his brothers is now
living. In 1878, when the Democrats of the
House at Washington elected Colonel Polk,
of Missouri, their Doorkeepcr, Donavin was
appointed his assistant. At the time
Of Folks dismissal Donavin followed his
chief into exile. Since then he has made
bis home at Columbus. For time he had
an interest in the Times Of that city but dis
posed of il several years ago.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
For a. that and a. that,
It's coming yet for a. that.
When man TO man the world DER
Shall brothers meet for n that"

Shall brothers meet for a that"
Burns was before all others the poet of
democracy. His was the voice of mighty
prophet OF humanity uttering in the wilder
ness OF caste and cant around him notes reso-
nant of the near approach OF a new ruler
the people: in predictions which the course
OF events has since wonderfully accom-
plished, and is yet fulfilling. Even Milton,
with all his stern republicanism and hatred
OfOppression, sang only OF the cherubim and
seraphim, the archangels, of the invisible
world. and of captains, colonies and knights
in arm. OF this, Burns was the minstrel of
the many of the unknown, nameleSs throng,
with whom he walked the crowded common
highway of human existence. The flowers
he gathered were found, not in the exhausted
gardens of Armida or Calypso but by the
wayside. The classic legends of antique
mythology, the medieval traditions
of a gorgeous chivalry which
had so long engrossed the harp
and voice of the muses-he discarded. The
crown he did not worship, the coronet he
passed by; even the coat of arms of the
brave old Baron, so skilfully polished and
frightened by Sir Walter, he overlooked,
rather to celebrate
"The short and simple annals of the poor"
''The Cotter's Saturday Night Tam
O'Shanter" and the song ''For a That, ="
came from the same pen. In these there is
no dissonance. There is in all of them the
same design, to declare the nobility OF labor,
the brotherhood OF man, the sovereignty of
manhood 1t may, indeed, be said that he
was not himself the best example OF the no.
Bile life he purposed. But the verse is
stronger than the singer as the mound, the
obelisk, the pyramid, have survived
the builder. Many years ago the
poet left the plowman safe at home, after his
perilous ride-in the dark no mora mar
velous light has since shone round about
him. The rude country inn, the hunter
cairn, the long, murky road the specter-
haunted church, are now alike forever lin
mined by the resplendent glow of genius.
Deathless peasant immortal bard. whose
memories neither the night nor the storm of
time can efface or obscure.
"GARNETr
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
serious charge. Against Physicians.

CLEVELAND. O.. Jan. ga sensation was ere
sted Yesterday by the arrest OF Or. ii. A. Dayitt
manager OF the kellogg Medical Laboratory, and
DR.. Quincy J. winsor, OF No. 81 Euclid avenue. on
the charge OF abortion. The warrant was sworn
out by Luke A Willett. OF Toledo street. step
father OF the girl in question. In his atiidayi'
Willett swears that on the night OF December 70.
1SeJ. Mary NJ. stewart, a young woman, aged
twenty. was taken TO a room by Young man who
was alleged to be the father OF the unborn child
and that there DR.. Dayitt assisted by DR.. Winsor,
performed an operation upon her which was not
necessary for the preservation OF her life. lie
also alleges that she was very seriously injured
snd that Thursday, January q, 1885, she miScar
and fears are entertained that she will not re
cover. The doctors. yh0 have always been Shove
suspicion, gave bail for their appearance.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
Serious Charges Against Wisconsin Priest

MILWAUKEE, Jan. 23.-The town OF Franklin.
near Milwaukee. had genuine sensation few
days ago, when Rev. Father Heigh was threatened
with personal violence from Infatuated relatives
of Miss Helen Box. lady of seventeen years, and
well connected. Father Heigh, who is about forty
years OF age, has been ordered away by Arch
bishop Heiss, and stays at the Capuchin Convent
at present, and Rev. Father Tremberger. of DU-
buque. Ia, has been called to Franklin in his
place Ii is alleged that year ago, while at con
fession. Miss Box was first approached by her
spiritual adviser, and that since then they have
Thought great deal of each other She often
visited him. At one time, ii IS said, he called At
her home and she was seen with her arms around
his neck. He made her many presents. which
were returned to him by her relatives when the
matter was brought TO climax. He denies all
criminal relations, which she is said TO nave al
mftted. Her sister finally applied to the Arch
bishop. The latter was seen last night and said !:
This is very unfortunate affair and regret
its publicity. Father Heigh denied all guilt TO
me, consequently know not whether the reports
of his alleged misdemeanor are true. gave him
choice between investigation or resignation, and
he preferred the latter He will be transferred 10
Richfeld Wis" The affair has caused much talk,
the reverend father being well known here. His
friends deny his guilt
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
HEADACHE

proceeds from TORPID LIVER AND IMPURI-
TIES OF THE STOMACH, 1t can be invariably
cured BY taking
SIMMONS LIVER REGULATOR
Let all who suffer remember that
SICK AND NERVOUS HEADACHES
can be prevented by taking dose as soon as their
symptoms indicate the coming OF en- attack.
81 was for many years perfect martyr to Head
ache and Dyspepsia. and sometimes thought
would kill NEE And after trying so many remedies
that began 10 think them all of no account: but
finally cOncluded to try Simmons Liver Regulator.
and 1 am nov and have been for fifteen years a
stranger TO a Headache, and in my case il not only
relieved me- but has ehectuslly cured me; and this
medicine osa recommend. for it is no humbug.
'sB. 3. ODOM Putnam Co.. Ga" 81
please ssnd me a package OF simmons Liver
Regulator. have suffered for five years with the
Sick Headache, and find il Is the only thing that
viii give me relief freely recommend It for sick
Headaches. Yours etc.
WARREN J. ASTON. Arkadelphis. Ark"
81 used bottle OF your Liver Regulator when
troubled seriously with Headache caused by Con-
siipatiOn. It produced favorable result without
hindering my regular pursuits in business. re-
gard it not a Patent Medicine, but as a ready
prescription for Disordered Liver.
CIV W wITMER, Des Moines Iowa"
"The bottle Of Regulator has entirely cured my
mother OF Dyspepsia and Nervous Headache. She
has suffered with both complaints for more than
five years. having tried everything until induced
To Try Simmons Regulator, and am happy to say
that She has neither the Sick Headache nor Dys-
peIsia- You publish this 10 the world IL il
will benefit human kind. j. SUFFERS,
quincy, Fla
| SIMMONS LIVER REGULATOR
Is manufactured only by
]. II. ZEILIN & CO,
Price sioo PHILADELPHIA.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27

Rid yourseli OF those Pimples. Danish those
Black Grubs. or Fleshworms, and al unciean Skin
Diseases by few applications OF DR.. Emsii's All
warranted 10 clear the skin OF every Pimple,
F,reckle and Black Grub, leaving the complexion
pure, soft and youthful, money refunded. Sold
by druggists o. by mail 50cents postage stampsl
Address Browning & Sloan, Druggists, Indisnsp-
oils. Ind.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
LADY's SECRET,

The ladies of the Court of France pos
sessed q secret that should be known By
every lady. Serd 2-cent stamp for sealed
circular IN plain envelope. European Medi-
cal Co., 2Ss North Niaths street. fhilsdeiPhis
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
TO
CONSERVATIVES.

Every sufferer from Consumption, bronchitis
and asthma IN all the world should read the fol-
lowing: Though you nave taken 50 different med
icines and doctored with as many physicians
don't despair, don't give up. until you have tried
DR.. BOwyers cure, the only medicine that ca
surely save yUu rum c0nsumpJive grave. The
wife of DR.. W. A. Bower was given up 10 die with
consumption. She had suffered for years. Two
OF her sisters had died with the same terrible ais
ease. She had been treated by the best physi-
clans, and used many OF the (sOcslledl cures adj
Ing a learned chemist, made experiments by COM
pounding roots. oils. plants, healing bslssms,
etc, and fortunately discovered wonderful cure.
Mrs BOwyer still lives and enjoys remarkably
good health. After using the new cure Mrs Bow
yer seemed 10 be wonderfully acted upon, as II by
magic, for ii seemed TO reach her entire system.
over 50 600 Others similarly afflicted have already
used this medicine, which Tor time Introduces
has saved more lives ana is ehectlng more cures
than all other remedies. IL Immediately relieves
the distress from asthma and bronchitis, so the
sufferer can lie down and enjoy refreshing sleep
Believing this 10 be the greatest discovery in med
icine ever known and viii be the means OF saving
millions of lives, and TO show my sincerity. viii
send two bottles e-5 large circular filed with
testimonials free TO aly SGferer. Give express
and p o. address. B0wyer Medical Co, SO Main
street Sharpsburg, Ia. Cut this out, as Il may not
appear again in this paper. sold by Browning 81
Sloan. Indianapolis, and al leading druggists
25 cent and 81 bottles. Ask for Dr.. Bowers
Mountain Herb Balsamic Syrup.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1886-01-27
.;fhesGoverssnest's Policy Outlined.

- EeSgoN, Ja1$ 4.-1p the House of Lords
! tns bake of AhsfccfHmoyed the address in
iSsly 10 t6gsspsecfl from the throne. He
; ssfslS 81 IN. srsSe responsibilities of those
$ Who sareezsd the szaitzs6ist the Government,
edSsid% spse, el0ud Ssfafg over the En-
; SrT AID tsst WIS sthe~ stAeof Ireland. lie
S6ent 5ieef sSnapfi ISEsqs >dqfies which the
tsoysEssatss Il sh6sf PeftSrh IN relation to
thai 8 > tslis sssgs the main
gss'sisas y sSeSs AsssS lie National al
sSfzaS.e Sss gQiRE sapd she d$fease of the
z sofst lTisb mineyits s Hesgd flat4o states
SnS& Fbatsver Che might te SSR1sd saEpfce
s q - satsfestslz thece6ntRx SsA
5 8 81 2 sPaesaSs mo
- 80 sfssxsH .s9aasaf5lStei Szas sSfi&
? bop Ole PSI 4EhEpsS& hS R&eS{p<
:9S ne Sea elesgl y &PfefterS fSsS
SDdlsafd th&ySr emf sai& tfxe adny
s! . ~ : man.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1886-02-20
Broadway, East Side.
Broadway, West Side.

Supposed owner and al
description.
First German NJ + Church. Lot 6,
block >. Whitney q Smiths addition
10 St Paul. and strip Of land between
Broadway and said lot 6.....
Same. Lot 3, block 5, Whitney
Smiths addition TO st. Paul, and
strip of land between Broadway and
said lot 3. Observation-Disclosures.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1886-02-20
Dayton & Irvine's Addition to St. Paul.

Days Subdivision of Lots 4, 5, and Z, Block
50, Dayton Irvine's Addition
10 St. Paul.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1886-02-20

Dawson's Encouragement of Block SO. West
ST. Paul Proper.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1886-02-20
Ellen Street, South Side.

Subdivision Of Block 10, StinsOn's Division,
st. Paul.