Los Angeles daily herald., 1886-01-22
A SOUTHERN GROUP.
Their Settlement, Names
and Escutcheons.
WHEN ANDBY wHoMCOLoNIzED
Maryland. Virginia, The Carolinas
and Frozen Florida With
Their Sobriquets.


Coast will be briefly reviewed in this is
sue. They have no societies here,
although one at least-0ld Virginia
has many distinguished sons, who have
borne well the trsnsplanting to the new
soil Of the Semi Tropics.
The State naturally taking the initial
is Maryland, another commonwealth
with sufficient representation here 70
form local society although no step
has yet been taken in that direction
Maryland was among the oldest colonies
4 from Europe to attack the primevai wii-
dernsss and seek to convert u into
homes for beings who valued the bles-
sings Of Caucasian civilization. The re-
nowned Captain John Smith was the first
white man who explored the shores
Of the Potomac river and Chesapeake
bay. In 1921 others Of the Virginia
Colonists visited the territory now en-
braced by this State. but no settlement
was made until Sir George Calvert, af-
terwards the first Lord Baltimore, when
in search OF a colony for those English
men, who at the reformation preferred
to remain in the faith in which they were
bred, found themselves somewhat out of
place under the new regime. In 1852
the charter to the new colony was ready
to deliver to Lord Baltimore. when he
suddenly died. The instrument was
changed so that the grant passed to Cecil.
his son, and the second Lord Baltimore.
James l, the life long friend of the elder
Calvert was dead and Charles / was
King.
IT is generally believed that Maryland
was called after Queen Mary Of England,
but this is an error. The name was be-
slowed on the Territory in honor Of the
Queen OF Charles, known as 1.-THE Queen
of Misfortunes, because OF her hapless
life. Her name was Henrietta Maria
and she was the daughter Of Henry ~.
OF France. She was usually called by
those familiar enough to use name in
addressing Her Majesty by her second
Christian name. From this the common
wealth under review got the appellation
Of Maryland. The chief city, Bal
b timors, is known as "The Monu-
mental City," and also az "rhe
City Of Beautiful Women" but i the
State has a nickname the writer will be
much obliged to any son Of her soil who
will tell him what 1t is. She might be
called Oyster Shell, so prolific are her
waters OF the luscious bivalves, but she
deserves, because OF the proud lineage of
many OF her families, because of her
beauty, OF the intelligence OF her citi-
xens, and because Of her fame in history.
q sobriquet more poetic. less commercial.
and grander. She might well be styled
1.-THE Cradle Of Religious Liberty" for
her very charter embraces within its
provisions perhaps the most precious
principle Of the CoDstituti tion, the absolute
divorces OF church and state. II she
has no other, the writer, an alien to her
shores, but always an ardent admirer of
Maryland and Marylanders begs to pro-
pose this.
OF course, she never was admitted 10
the Union, she is one OF the chief corner
stones Of It.
Maryland adopted new seal in 1854.
In it's center is circle, at the top and
bottom Of which is engraved "The Great
Sealp "Of Maryland" On the left is the
date 1882, when the colony was founded.
and on the right 1854. There is between
these inscriptions shield surmounted
BY "spread eagle" and on the side
stands . pair Of early colonists. The
legend in latin, is crescife et
mulsipIicamini, from the vuigate
edition of the book Of Genesis, and
means increase and multiply"
The distinguishing trait Of character
of MaryIanders Is q loyal, patriotic love
for the State Of their birth. They love
her with quite remarkable affection.
and on their lips she is always.
Maryland. my Maryland"
Stepping down one step geographical.
ly. the "Oid Dominion. as Virginia has
been called time out OF mind, is reached
Her history, emblazoned in letters oi
gold, is read and known Of all men. She
was one Of the first colonies in the New
World. and her sons have at all epochs,
colonial and national, taken = very dis.
tinQnished part in the events of their day
4 The first settlement was made in 1907
. nj Jamestown. The territory in the
present State is only a very small bit o.
The broad domain which was originally
named by the gallant Raleigh after hi
royai mistress, the "Virgin Queen" oi
- England. and stretched along nearly the
whole Atlantic Coast from Florida h
Maine.
The House Of Burgesses of Virginia
was the first attempt at popular govern
I ment 10 the Colonies. This House
when stepping too heavily on the toes o.
4 the prerogatives OF the Royal Govern
4 or" OF the province, was at once dis
solved by that arbitrary official. The
Burgesses at once resolved themselves
into a committee, and passed resolutions
calling for q general Congress Of all tb.
4 Colonies. This was in May. I774. anf
4 was the turning point in the tide In tb'
Affairs" Of the New World which led uT
to the Revolution and the Independence
Of the United States OF America.
\ Virginia is rich in names. Her properon'
when the extent and history of the first
colony, the great names Of her founder
and their great achievements, the states
men and warriors she has given th'
country, and the part they have playet
iu the building up Of the Republic arr
ali considered Is one Of which she MAJ
we'll be proud. She is called the "Olt
Domiuion." from an incident in hel
early history. IL was after the behead
inc Of Charles I. Of England, whit
Oliver Cromwell was at the head OF ths
government OF that country and Charles
fI. in exile. The House Of Burgesses
chose 10 remain loyal to the crown ant
elected Sir William Berkeley Governor
He refused to obey the Cromwsiliat
Parliament, and an invitation was sen
TO the exiled Prince OF the house ol
Stuart 10 come over to America and b.
the King OF the "Dominion OF Virginia.
She Ia called the "mother Of statesmen
and OF Presidents, because o
the great number of her sons wit
played prominent part in the forma
ton and building up of the country 1
her early years. Her legend is the eve
memorable utteranoe OF the noblest o
ali the Romans OF his age. Brutus. as b
stabbed the aspiring Cassar---lSic Sessye
Tvranis. sThus let 1t ever be to tyl
ants"
The Carolinas, North and South. II wa
orioinally one aud remained SO mp I
4 time when they where possessed OF
very considerable population. IN
French first explored and settled th
territory and gave il its name for the!
King. Charles, (Caroius in Latin). l
was afterward oeded to England an
the settlers, as in all the States reviewe
In this Article, were almost exclusivel
frpmlthAt country. North Carolina wa
the first State TO declare her ind md
peudence Of Great Britain. IN
was done Immediately after th
news Of the battle Of Lexington was n
ceiyed in the South. The resolution
passed by the delegates Of Meekisnbur
county at the county seat at Charlotte
embrace many Of the first principles q
forth later in the "Declaration OF Ind
pendenoe," and these resolutions WEI
manifestly before the framera OF TN
historic instrument, as much OF u
phraseology Is similar to shat In u
earlier pronunciamiento Of the lit
county.
Her nickname is not a very euphoniol
one. North Carolinians being called 1T