The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1886-05-09

oat the Raw MISUNDERSTANDING.
The writer presented hils~,lf At tl'. ftO
Of one Of the Lowell mills AMI requested the
privilege of inspecting the processsS Of manu-
Featuring nrttoa gsals, The PERMISSION was
finally given. the only condition being that
tue mill shouh. not be named.
To begin with the first process said the
as;9nt, N,3 kindly accompanied the writer
through The mill. we will take in the picking
room. rh~ picker i, a. YOU see, something
ike a nav cutter. only instead Of cutting thu
gastHn it simply beats il by means Of knives
~ in q cylinder which revolvcS TheObjCct
il ~ open the matted lumls of cotton amt
riaaa the tbers"
fhiS was the Opener packer Each ms
chine was tended by man, generally Il
French Canadian. whose duty i To hr'aA up
the cotton. which comes IN firmly packet
halas. AMI throw pieces OF 'ouy nint siz'
unon tn ,mllrSs apron leatling into tine ma
chine On all sides were great bales Of cotton
not yet opened, and snowdrift IT opened
cotton lay on the floor near each Of the ma
chimes Upon the other side of the machine
i, fan arrangement AMI Il long shute, by
niearrs of which the loosenel cotton is blown
over wire screen, through which most Of
the sand AMI other foreign substances fall,
until thu light fakes come To the 'iinisher
picker" The cotton comes ont Of
the lnishcr picker in tilmy sheet
of uniform thickness, AMI is wound
upon roller. The picker beater makes
from 1890 to l,6N revolutions per min
ute in performing it, work, and the fan
rather more.
CoYBED OFT, DRAWN OFT, srUN OFT.
From the iinisher picker the lap" or rolls
of partially cleaned cotton arc taken to the
.breaker carl" This consists Of a brush VI
wire teeth upon a cylinder three feet in lii
ameter. revolving at the rate of la5 times per
minute, aud coming almost in contact with
another system Of similar cards. The object
Of the card Is TO still further clean the cotton
and to comb out the fiber and remove any
knots or Jumps which may have remained in
It, After passing around on the large cylm.
der of the machine the ilbcrs are taken in Il
fine fleece by the teeth Of smaller cylinder
called "lofer.' AMI from the doirer this
fleece is taken by the "doifer comb and
formed by means OF tin funnel into an emil
Loss ribbon.
After going through the breaker card tho
lap of cotton is taken TO the "tinisher card.
which finishes the process Of cleansing. The
cotton comes out in a light and fleecy ribbon
as before. AMI these ribbons from many card,
arc united at the railway heal. BY means
of the drawing frame" and the "iini,hcr
drawing frame a number are united and at
the same time drawn out at greater length,
by that means securing great uniformity III
the ribbon of cotton Following the drawing
frames come the "spec,lers," coarse and fine,
by means Of which, successively, this process
Of drawing out at greater length is continued.
Two machines for spinning are employed
the ring frame and the mule" The ring
frame /, from twenty to thirty feet long, and
contains from 100 to lij spindles, according
to circumstances and the nature of the work
required The spindlcs are placed at the
sides, and the bobbins, from which the rowing
is drawn, are placed upon rack above Tho
spinlles make each from 6NU to 5000 r"vu.
buttons per minute.
Samuel Crompton. an Englishman, was the
inventor Of the mule. His invention consists
in railway movement by which the rowing
or ineipient thread, is alternately spun and
wound upon the spindle, As the mulo
runs out the rowing Is drawn out and
twisted into thread, and then as it
runs back the continued revolution of the
.pindles winds up the thread. Each mule
originally carried only about twenty five
spindles, but now they are sometimes built to
carry over 1000, ayl are still operated by II
single spinner. Each spindle makes from,
1900 to $500 revolutions per minute.
ATS Us good as a walking match said n
mule spinner, who happened to he idle for u
moment "You watch that man running
that mule for while, and see how he will
walk. The mule runs out five feet seven
inches, and Is about 100 feet long II makes
about five trips in and out every minute and
be has to follow il pretty much all the tinic
With all his walking, up and down AMI back
and forth, for ten hours day, it amounts to
about twenty five miles,
MADE READY FOR THE SnuTTLEs
The yarn which is spun on the mules Is
wound on the cops" anil Is ready for tho
shuttles Of the looms. The yarn spun on the
the ring frames, which is used for the warp,
has number of processes yet to pass through
First IL is taken to the "spooling' room,
where By means Of machinery the yarn IL
transferred from several bobbins to one
spool The spools are then taken to the
"warper." machine suggestive of stage
driver holding the reins over the backs of a
couple Of hundred horses at once. The frames
arr arranged In wings to contain from 30 to
100 spools and the yarn from the spools
passes through comb and over a roller,
through another comb and then is wound up
on the "warpcr beam" The warpcr has O
sort Of automatic conscience. The drum re-
wolves at the rate of thirty or forty times a
minute. but If anything goes wrong as If a
thread breaks, it Immediately stops, and
nothing can start it until everything Is set
right again
After the varying comes the "slashing' q
process of sizing or starching, which Is per-
formed by means of large system of rollers,
size watts and steam cylinders. The final pro
cess in preparing the warp for the loom is the
drawing ill., or placing the separate threads
Of the warp in position between the fine cords
of the harness" This is an operation alike
trying to the eyes and the patience.
II the spinning department was NOISY
there il no word to describe the assault which
the weaving department make upon the
ears of the visitor \ good-sized mill has
1000 or 400 looms and these are colonizecl
In certain parts Of the mill, where each loom
tries to drown the noise of all the rest.
Il want you to observe these atomlzers,
aid the agent, in stentorian tones that
sounded amid the rattle Of the looms like q
far-away whisper Each a.onlzer consumes
quart OF water in an hour AMI in this room