, 1886-01-03
ysEFuL ArNTs To rag TgAeAgas.



DIR. John b. Moran, instructor in by
siene In the Boston public schools, sub
mits the following suggestions To teachers
Affecting the health OF pupils and the an
ltary condition Of the school,:
Open the windows wide at recess time,
and during the practice of calisthenics.
Close them five minutes before the end OF
recess.
After each session see that the windows
are thrown open.
Windows ARE the best ventilntors. Let
your attention be frequently directed to
hat fact Make judicious use Of the
boards ut the bottom Of the windows.
A small piece OF ribbon, six to eight
inches long, suspended from the upper
part Of the window frame, will greatly as
sist You in securing the proper ventilation
IF your 2)om.
Occasionally step outside and compare
the feeling OF the air with that inside
the room.
The heated and vitiated air ut the top OF
the room must be expelled. II there are
no provisions made in the yentiducts for
that purpose, use the upper sash OF the
windows.
The registers should always be open.
They are the only source of the supply OF
fresh air then the weather or the wind
precludes the use of the windows.
In cold weather try to keep the corridors
warm; and when the temperature in them
does not forbid 1t, let the doors leading
into them emain open.
The air from the basement should not
be allowed to enter any of the boxes or
pipes which supply air to the schoolroom.
This rule ought to be made imperative.
Where hot air furnaces are used, see
that the water-pan is kept properly
supplied.
1t would be Il useful custom to nOte the
indications of the thermometer at inter
walls Of an hour during the session, II
report The same to the principal.
Ashes, waste and rubbish should not be
allowed to accumulate in the cellar or
abou the premises.
Instruct ~janitors to keep the utmost
vigilance in keeping clean the priyies and
urinal Choosing the proper time, they
cannot be too frequently flushed and
cleansed. The sparing of water in these
particulars is mistaken economy.
When the old-fashioned and objection
able vaults and troughs still obtain, order
the use of disinfectants in sufficient guam
tity and frequency to be effectual.
Regulate the seating and desk accom-
modations according TO the size Of the pu-
pills. In this way many bad habits of pos
ture. perhaps deformity, may be avoided.
Desks should be so placed that the light
would come from the left side as the pupil
sits.
A dim or fickering light is injurious to
eyes. Avoid cross lights if possible; they
multiply shadows.
See to it that pupils do not strain the
voice when it is changing" This is an
important matter, but easily overlooked.
Pupils should not be allowed to sit in
wet clothes. Not n little of the sickness
Of school children can be traced to this
single cause.
Urge upon the pupils cleanliness of per
son. By so doing, many a child who
otherwise might be careless in this respect
may be taught neatness and good taste.
A certain form of "sore eyes, producing
excessive ~purulent secretion) is conta-
gious. The child so suffering should be
excused from attending school and put
under medical treatment.
In questionable cases of skin disease,
where communicability may be feared,
ask for advice.
Certificates OF vaccination should be nc
cepted only when signed by Il regular
physician.
In the matter OF contagious diseases,
viz: Whooping cough, measles, scarlet
fever, smallpox or diphtheria, If there is
any doubt as to the safety Of permitting
the presence of a child in school, consult
the instructor in hygiene. Boston
Budget.