davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20
Kgcaux KEYSTONE: Three mi

Krrcaux KsysroSg: Three mi
ners. James Quinn, Tom Wilson and
Tim. Manning, arrived in town during
the week from the Yellow Pine basin.
They report that country fraud, so
far IS piacers are concerned. They
worked a rocker for some hours OF
ground near where Sutherland and
Clifford located, and cleaned the mag
nihcent sam of 40 cents. The Vel
low Pine basin will be good coun-
try to stay away from, Judging from
this and other reports being made.
....A report has been in circulation
for week past that two claims over
on East Fork, known as The Nubbin
and Legal Tender mines, have been
sold for 5000. No such sale has
been made. VIM. Mcqueen, who
represents large amount OF capital,
has bonded the mines for sixty DAYS,
and proposes to thoroughly prospect
the properties during that time He
left Ketchum Tuesday with four men
for this purpose, aud will devote the
time of the existence OF the bond in
ascertaining If the mines are liable to
prove OF sufficient value to purchase
them. -. Harry Pinner, a commercial
traveller well known in this section,
committed suicide last week at Salt
Lake City. He formerly represented
an Omaha firm, but more recently
was in the cigar line IN the interest
of the koniugsberger, Falk & Never,
OF San Francisco. The causes lead
ing to the rash act are undetermined,
but generally supposed to be on ac-
count OF financial troubles and a pas
si1n FOR gambling. Gen. Ching
Biug, Chinese Vice Consul at San
Francisco, and You Jar She, secretary
OF the Chinese legation at Washing
ton, are at Portland. They have
been taking testimony at Tacoma as
TO the value of property destroyed
there belonging to Chinese, and will
come to Idaho fer the same purpose.
They are accompanied by H, J. Burns,
U. 5. Deputy Marshal, who acts as es.
cort.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20
u..k Vaughn sass.

Last night shout 10 O'Clock Dave
TAYLOR, Dick Donaca and W. F.
Butcher arrived in town from Cen
terville, having ii charge VIM. II.
F'allwell. young man, who a few
hours before had shot and seriously
wounded Hank Vaughn in Donaca' 5
store in Centerville. He was placed
in jail and there awaits his examina-
ton which occurs to- morrow at :
O'Clock.
The particulars Of the shooting as
told by the gentlemen who brought
rsllwell down are about as follows:
Hank Vaughn was in Donacas store
about seven o'clock last evening max
ing few purchases, when Fallwell
came in with revolver drawn and
cooked. He advanced toward Vaughn,
who advised HIM TO PIT up his pistol,
as il might go off. The fellow there
upon fired, the ball entering the right
shoulder and came out behind inst
above the armpit- Three more shots
were fired without injury to Vaughn,
two of the balls entering a spool cot.
ton case, and the other spoon hold
er. By the time the four shots were
fred Donsca had secured a pistol
and handed it to Vaughn. At this
point la the little game Fallwell de-
cided to run, but he was overtaken by
Vaughn down the street little ways
and thrown down and his pistol con-
tanning one ball taken away, although
Vaughn had use of only the left arm.
Vaughn told him he ought to shoot
him, but he would not murder a man
in cold blood as he had attempted to
do. The fellow was easily overpow-
cred and handed over to the officers,
who brought him to town for fear
that Vaughan men on the farm would
hear OF il and come to town and hang
MIN. Fallweil says he did the shoot
ing because Vaughan aud his party
had made him dance at the pistols
point short time before, and he
swore he would make some of them
dance before he was many years old
er. The shooting has created con-
siderable excitement around town
and as much comment. The exami-
nation Tomorrow at ten O'Clock will
attract large crowd
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

lNrEG-lDAHo: The Idaho World
las an account of meteor that fell
lit don't know where-tha. was brill.
liant, aad all that could be desired or
expected oil meteor. The aerolite
fell near the summit between Camp
and Willow creeks, nearly west from
the Casnss No. ?, and not more than
a mile from the Alaska mine, abou,
$50 O'Clock las, Thursday night
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

The annual report Of the Grand
Army Of the Republic shows 81 de.
rariments, 5,6e5 posts, aud 29g. ass
members, and balance in the treas.
uIy Of s3l0,ll2.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

We find in an exchange the fol.
lowing cure for blaokleg in cattle
which we advise the reader to cut
out and paste in his hat for future
reference: Take equal parts of sui.
phur, saltpeter, asafoedits, garlic and
lard; pulverize well and make into a
paste. Make an incision in the neck
OF the animal, loosen the skin from
the incIslon toward the lower part Of
the neck, and insert a pill of the mix.
ture about the size of small marble.
See that the medicine is inserted so
that 1t will not drop out when the
animal is released. One application
IS sufficient.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20
prsso1urrow NOTICE.

The firm of Waldron & Church former
ly doing business as Merchants at Center
vile IN Boise County, Idaho Territory is
hereby dissolved by mutual consent All
debts due the late firm are to be paid to A.
G. Church and all d BITS due by the firm
must be presented to him for settlement.
MARION F. WAIDRoN,
A G. CHURCH.
Dated August ., 1886. sod
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

The young man who spends money
before he earns 1t, is always slave
to him who earns it before he spends
it Chicago Ledger
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20
zronee Of ale Of Heal Hstate.

nnurIcE Is HEREBY GIVEN, THAT N Puh.
M Same Of an urder OF the Probate Court OF
thy County Of Boise. Territory OF Idaho maze gu
the essh day 81 Jane 1850 in the matter OF the ss-
tate Of Il. O. Allen, deceased the undersigned, tne
Executor, will sell at public auction, t. the hgness
bid ser for ca.h and euhject to c''narmstio ey
said Probate Conrt. on "Wednesday, tie ~ Gay |"
usy lsss 81 ~ o'c;ock n ~ QaArfsburg- ID the
county Of Rnise ali the right. u ie. inieren ana e.
tate IL the said H. q. Allen at the time ~ us drau
ard all the right t.tle and interest," that the sAid rs
In has. By operation OF Ia or otherwise acqu,s
ed other than or in addition to that of the ssid r.
@ Allen at the time of his DEATH In and 70 All tnse
lots pieces parcels OF land situate lying ma pc
ing In the said county of Boise. Territory OF ihs
no. And described tallogs to wi; ne stone
stare bu iding snd ne wooden store oniiaing IN
ouarsxeurs lately upi-a by deccaed. Inc
House Of Blares"-the old shoemaker sfop--three
rahsns In San Btrnxrdino gaich. and one cabin IN
Granite enich. all In and ne QnarfzoniR; aiso
one Quar'f mine known Is the yellow "a ket.
one a srix location kuowr A. the 'shoo Fly. one
undi vided one-haf ( quartz location IN Eiknerh
Ds<frtcf one undivided ou--h,lf of quartz loca
ton known a. the Justice " aud one placer claim
on wash creek with the ditch and water rig tthere
to belonging.
Terms aaa conditions of sale: Fash. Ten per
cent. Of the purchase TO be psid TO the auc
tinne-r on the day Of sale. baladc- on CONTINUATION
Of sale by said Probate Court Deed at expense OF
purchaser. D. Z CoueHaSouR-
rvecutor. &c, of R. @. Allen, deceased.
June ~. 1Ss6.-Su.
The above sale has been postponed till
September LIST.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

Rev. NJ a. Hopkins, the [. :. min.
'ster To Libsra, Is dead.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20
LIST OF LETTERS

hemainins in the postoffice at Idaho CITY
on the 3lst day of July, which. if not tax.
en- out IN 30 days, will be sent to the dead
letter office:
Mrs Julia Cooper, W. J. Davis g.
Charles Dewitt, Clara Henderson. Consi.
den hulp' J. ". Pharriss, Sam NJ. Trim
Albert Talkinger.
Persons calling for any of the .boye
letters viii please say advertised
5. c. SiLSBY, Pm
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

ES sRED, EpsTI
~ I'M y terday.
-. !; 49,: !. = =: i.
ire creek Las
EE :: ! !; : !: :: !: !: !: !:
- 40 I |, sday To vii
| will sell firstclass good, .Nr,sv r.. y
rices than they ever have beo
ere. W, W NC gou
Fancy Dry Go,sD the Ie adj
Silks. Satins. Idaho.
WIN. JOHNS
Velvets, j, Pee Bru
Cloth Cashme,ossypss ssas1s u
Waterproof CID =, -, !,
Heavy Flame ais EVE, days !.
Opera Flannea.srvills i
} & lO-4Sheetins, $ 7 IS
very best, Idaho q
Cotton Flannel, Shirtn thu thew viii
lin, Ginghams, Cheviot C., WIN La
Calicoes, in solid coIors aid /.
VEILINGs, RUCHIbd Thos.
LACES, FEATHEhiner, retu
FLOWERS, RlBB0ty from
JEWELsY, SPOOL COL
NEEDLES, SILK TWIN, Frank I
EMBR0lDERlEs, burnt IT, ss v'4 Ia
BRAID, BED C0MFos1Hon. Il silv
TABLE g. SHELF OIL Clt the Alta
NOVELTIES lNNUMERsarn the re
Medicil LOST, son
D.1,rno o11,f1ice and
AAN ~ iW Oipbout Aug
FANCY GROCBRIIn,.sne's,a.! 8
ill be libe
'ate De Foie Gras, Mpabe same ~
'rench Asparagus, Olives, Nj
lie Soupe, Clam Chowder, Co.
oysters, Alexander Godilah "a = ! !,
lie ON now t
Butter, Lard, Bacon. E1 Is,l'st s'' q
and ShOallsN arden V
All sorts of Cereal Tmec1eo q
nrMr,e cI,pN,culuS the TIE
,or for da
Complete and lovely in tends to
:EcKWARE, SILK RANDKEEincer in t
FINE HOSIERY, COLLARS I'gramme
A large variety OF uuo '''i''
WALL PAPER, FRANK
NJ ous baoutifts. Moore
Jenna, al
Trunks, Valises Shqranite ore
Bags. Leather Goot'; ms a.
CUTLERY, sch half
PIPES OF ALI KINigin pipir
TOBACCO, ns ose'
III the leading brands. B. les on t
nd P. LoriIlard s. Co.'S. h,spects
Willard & Co.'S No. ) CIGAEv them
CLOTHlNs, sLANAgss. T
UNDERWEAR, CR0CKH will ee
Of all kinds, Tpos
AMPS H. CHiMMEfS, BUM Nelse
OIL STOVES, AXES, SHOW the va
n,,c,- ppaN to Lo
oo.NIi , A"D oA liz hunt
LOOkING-GLASSEn now b
oHoCKS, |; at tn
One gallon to six gallons : +"
Paints, Oil & TurpeH', Il. il
OF ALL KINDS s. -
,ADDI &c and HARNESS, V.sl.<,
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1886-08-20

Has attained standard OF excellence whic
admits of no superior
II contains every improvement that inventiv
genius skill and money can produce.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16

OF the resolution as it passed the House
would be Though not SO intended) to
contract the national bank circulation to
the amount of $10O,OOO,OO0 Mr.. Vest,
Democratic Senator from Missouri, said
that "the same principles applied to the
Government and to individuals. What,
he asked, would be thought OF business
man who would keep 800, 100000 idle in
his vault while he had 800, 100000 Of
eight per cent. notes outstanding? Every
mercantile exchange in the country
would denounce him as lunatic The
fight was one between gold and silver,
between gold and greenbacks, between
the men who wanted to make money
dear and scarce and high, and between
the men who borrowed money, and un-
less this trouble was terminated on equita-
BILE and fair grounds it would result in a
sectional struggle between the East and
West. That was the PLAIN meaning OF
the whole thing"
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
UNCLE SAM'S BIG SURPLUS.

The closing days OF Congress were sig
nalized by at least one commendable act.
1t was the passage by the Senate OF the
House joint resolution that the surplus in
the Treasury should be devoted to the
payment OF the public debt The Nor
rison (House) resolution provided that
whenever the surplus as now cal
culated, exceeded one hundred mil
lions, the Secretaryof the Treasury
was to call bonds at the rate OF ten mil
lions month 50 long as the surplus was
over one hundred millions. IT,, Senate
qualified this by saying that he shall not
be required TO call ten millions OF bonds
till his surplus amounts TO $4,000, 900,
and in his discretion he may have
working balance in excess OF II 10, 900 900,
not to exceed $4,000, 900, or, in other
words, he may have surplus of $3.50, ,000,-
600, and, finally, in case OF any extraor-
dinary emergency, such as does not now
exist, the President may, ii he deems it
necessary to preserve the public credit !,
suspend the operation OF the resolution.
The surplus resolution, therefore, as
amended in the Senate, requires the Sec
retary TO reduce, by bond calls, the pres
ent surplus OF Sl75, 100000 in the Treas
ury, including the reserve for the re-
demption OF the greenbacks, TO the
amount OF $3.50, 100000, instead OF $780,
100000, are required by the House reso-
luton. The amended resolution was
adopted in the Senate by vote OF 81 to
27. This was not a party vote. Some
fourteen Democratic Senat ors voted to
substitute the Senate for the House reso-
luton, while like number of Republi-
can Senators voted against it.
The discussion was, however, exceed
irfe'syy--irse,,sssine-4-aisre-sst-vsre>e-re.e.. irfe's
took sides on sectional rather than party
lines Senator Sherman, OF Ohio, made
the ridiculous assertion that "the effect
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
OUR MIsLEAD CONTEMPORARY

The double-geared crank at Washing
special dispatches with which our Repub-
lican contemporary endeavors ever and
anon to paralyze this community, has
discovered that it was not A. NJ. Gibson
who wrote the article which recently APP
peared in the New York World, outlining
the alleged Democratic policy for the adj
mission of Utah as State, but that Ran
dolph Tuckeris responsible for it. His in
formant is John Irvine, who has
been acting in the capacity OF
private secretary for Delegate Caine.
Here is another fine pretext for our Re
publican neighbor to work itself into a
fine frenzy of Indignation, and renew its
villainous attacks on the gentleman from
Virginia. OF course, this statement Of
Mr.. fuckers guilt is conclusive-for all
OF our neighbor's purposes, at least. To
be sure, Mr.. Irvine may have been in
dulging in his favorite pastime OF "cod-
ding" when he impaired that important
information to the special dispatch man,
but what difference does that make? Mr..
Tucker can be abused, just the same,
as the author OF an article which
clearly shows his connection with a
scheme to admit Utah as State, and ii
it should turn out afterward that he was
not the responsible party at all, why the
baby act can be pleaded and the blame
laid upon the shoulders .oi those who
supplied the misleading information.
See? The manner and extent to which
our Republican contemporary lovesto be
mislead, when thereby chance is al
forded it to revile some poor Democrat,
is really astonishing
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
RELIGION AND CRIME.


An Idaho Mormon crank named Hart,
in a silly communication to the New
York World, makes the assertion that
5000 citizens of Idaho are disfranchised
in that Territory because of their religious
belief, while the Constitution of the
United States forbids that it shall be
done. The Idaho test oath does not de-
bar any man from voting on account OF
his religious belief. 1t withholds the
privilege from these, as it does other Grim
inals, who violate the laws, or are acces-
sorry to their violation. No person OF men,
tai capacity above that OF an idiot, will
construe the Constitution 30 as to justify
the commission of crime, or avert its
penalties because the crime is perpetrated
under the guise OF religion-which is
precisely what the polygamous Mormons
OF Utah and Idaho are doing. In con-
ferring upon all the most unbounded
religious freedom, it is absurd to presume
that the trainers OF the Constitution in
tended to prostitute religion by making
it an incentive or protection to crime.
Under that construction there is no
offense known to criminal law which
could not be committed with impunity
upon the plea that the perpetrator
acted conscientiously upon his re-
ligious belief, which not only
justified but commanded its COM
mission. Burglars, pickpockets, horse
thieves and highwaymen could each
ply their nefarious avocations in perfect
safety under such construction of the
fundamental law. 1t would only be
necessary for them to formulate denomi
national codes with such relative recogn
ton of the different crimes rs Mormon
ism and polygamy, and plead it in exten
uation when arraigned in the courts fol
trial. But the authors OF the Constitution
never designed protection to crimina
religion. When sect holds forth as on,
of its tenets a practice which is in viola
ton of the law, the members cannot bt
recognized by the courts or other Gov
ernmental departments as religionists
They are simply criminals, and must b,
treated as such, and their treatment il
in no wise qualification of the Constitu
tonal clause which guarantees the mos
unlimited religious freedom to all.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
THE GUBERNATORIAL CONTEST
IN NEVADA.

The delegation from Storey county,
Nevada, to the Democratic State Con-
vention is solid for Jewett w. Adams,
the present Governor The labor organ
izations stood in for him in body, and
he made u clean sweep at the primaries.
Storey is the largest county in the State,
sending twenty-six delegates to the Con-
vention, which will be composed OF 1875
members. 1t was the first county to
hold its primaries, and the moral
effect is bound to materially enhance
Governor Adams chances for the
denomination to succeed himself His
successful one, and although he has made
few mistakes, their number and i'm
portance are trivial in the aggregate,
and will furnish but little material for
successful opposition in the canvass, ii he
should receive the nomination. His
principal opponent in the convention will
be Hon. Theodore Winters, wealthy and
prominent ranchman OF Washoe county.
He is a gentleman OF excellent judgment,
sound sense and unquestionable nteg-
rity, and, moreover, sterling Democrat.
In the nomination OF either, the Democ-
racy oil our neighboring State will have a
strong candidate, and one with whom the
people can safely entrust the Executive
functions OF the Government. With
either at the head OF the ticket, the
Democracy of Nevada, if they act unitedly
and harmoniously, can and will make a
clean sweep in the State.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
WHY 1T IS.

The DEMOCRAT asserted its belief, the
other day, that the statement oil the Re-
publican organ here, TO the effect that
the contract had been signed, sealed and
delivered to erect Utah into State before
the 4th OF next March, was either ma
licious lie made out OF whole cloth, and
published for the purpose OF atfording
pretext for continued abuse and slander
of the Southern people and their repre-
sentatives in Congress, or else it was but
the evolvement OF brain diseased. That
it was one or the other, is as certain as
that the sun will rise on the morrow; but
after mature deliberation we are inclined
to think il was the work OF a knave rather
than of n wholly demented person, as was
charitably assumed the other day. See
what a glorious opportunity it affords the
unprincipled concoctor to spit out his
venom upon the representatives OF the
people of the South-not single Con-
gresham, as Randolph Tucker, for in
stance, but every man who sits in Con-
RIcSS aS tlc VI " 'DN''O
cratic Congressional district. What a
sweet morsel of detraction to roll under
the journalistic scavenger's vile tongue
What tid-bit sentence, traced by gall
dipped pen, to rejoice prejudiced-soaked
soul? But there are some things that
should be remembered, since by recall
ing them the unreasoning hate exhibited
by this political fanatic toward the Demo
Gratis OF the whole country, and OF the
South particularly, may be rendered sus
ceptible of explanation. ltis in the Soutl
that we find the stronghold OF Democ
racy. That fact, taken in connection
with the further fact that it was wing o
the great Democratic party in neighbor
ing State which elected the editor OF on
contemporary to stay at home when HI
desired to go to Congress, may serve t.
make clear the creatures animus in al
that he says and does in political way
The bitterness that came down to SOM
souls through and from the war, neve
equalled the bitterness which defeat a
the polls seems to have engendered il
the heart of the man who presides owe
the editorial columns OF our Republican
contemporary
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16

lT is authoritatively stated that Mrs.
Sartors will return next year without her
husband in event he does not work
reformation. Sartoris has not for several
years contributed cent towards his
wife's support She has lived entirely on
the remittances sent from home, and he
has often borrowed half OF that. Further
than this nothing can be learned.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
Beck's Hot Springs.

The medicinal properties Of these waters
are well known, and reference can be
made to reliable parties who have de-
rived permanent and effective relief from
their use. Testimonials are daily re-
ceived Of their beneficial influence. The
bathing is excellent. The private baths
for ladies' and families are entirely separ-
ate from the gentlemen's bath-house,
and. -la.a- Gaansat.d with ihsm. IWelve
nicely-furnished private plunges-l0 feet
by l0-with lady attendants
Excursion wagons daily every hour from
all the hotels. Round trip, 25 cts.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16

NOTWITHSTANDING the contrary suppo-
sition, it has transpired since the death
of Hubert o. Thompson that he was II
poor man, in the financial definition OF the
term. All his life he "waded through
the dirty waters OF politics" He was the
most powerful man in New York City
had great opportunities for helping him
self to the public funds, yet he was not
rich. In his case the well-worn phrase,
Poor, but honest, f" has a special signifi-
canoe.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
ODD FELLOWS LODGES.

Utah LODGE NO. 1, 1. o. o. F. MEETS
~ every Thursday, at 500 p. IN. In Odd Eel.
lows Hall, Union Block, Salt Lake City. Odd
Fellows in good standing are invited to attend.
JOHN GREELY, N. q.
j. J. THOMAS, Secretary.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
MAIL LETTINGS.
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS
Postomce Department

WAsHNGroE, ID. g., July /, 1886.
Proposals will be received at the Con.
tract Office Of this Department until 4
p. IN. Of September IL, 1896, for carrying
the mails Of the United States upon the
routes, and according to the schedule Of
arrival and departure specified by the
department, in the Territory of Utah,
IRON January |, 1887, TO June 30, 1890.
Lists Of routes, with schedules Of arrivals
and departures, instructions TO bidders,
with iorms Tor contracts and bondH, and
ffrrrssrffy' fy'-ffffifornnrr0n, MN m
furnished upon application TO the Second
Assistant Postmaster-General.
WILLIAM Il. Villas,
Postmaster General.
Salt Lake evening Democrat. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1885-1887, 1886-08-16
CITY TAXES.

rJNHE TAXPAYERS OF SALT LAKE CITY
i are hereby notified that the City Council
of said city, in accordance with law, will sit as
Tuesday, August II, 1886, at p. IN. The busi-
ness to be transacted by said Board will be TO
hear and determine all complaints which may
be made in regard to the assessed value of any
property for the current year, aud II found
necessary, to change the valuation of property,
either by adding thereto or deducting there
from also to remit or abate the taxes of any
insane, idiotic, infirm or INDECENT person to an
amount not exceeding five dollars for the cur
rent year. All persons concerned will take due
notice and govern themselves accordingly
By order OF the City Council.
HEBER NJ. WELLS,
City Recorder.
RECORDERs OFFICE,
SALT LAKE CITY, July 81, 1856.