St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1886-01-09
FARM AND GARDEN.
An Interesting Paper by o. @. Gregg on the
Care and Management of Herd of
Dairy Cows.
How to Take Care of Sheep in Winter
IAN Import Tax on
Paupers.
some statisrics About Swine-Breed-
ing In America--Sheepi in Pen
and Yard.
Dairy ManagemenI in Minnesota.

MINI.
We presume the herd to be in Minnesota.
Cows must be handled, if successful, with
strict reference to climate, market and the
natural food products. Climate may either
assist or destroy US. Markets have demands
that we must meet if we would make
money. Natural foods are the economical
ones We will discuss the handling of a
herd of dairy cows with reference to these
three things in the order named.
First, Climate-Minnesota by reason Of
her inland location, is subject to great eX
tremes Of heat and cold High and low
pegrees of temperature are enemies TO the
COW. Protect the COW in winter by keep
ing them in warm quarters and keep the
temperature always above freezing point.
The writer has found stable made Of inch
pine boards, battened on the inside with
lath, banked at the base and mOrtared at
the plate or between the plate and roofing,
with good roof made either with shingles or
thatch, and just large enough TO cOmmod
iously contain the number of kept, an
ample protection against the degree Of Min
nesota temperature. We give the follow
ing points requisite for good Minnesota
stable:
First, Have a ventilator or else such a
structure as just described will frequently
be too warm; second, have a thermometer
in the stable; third, have doors and win
dows as far as practicable toward the south
! and east; fourth, let the windows be album
dant; fifth. keep the cows on platform
just long enough for their hind feet to rest
! on the outer edge; sixth, have trench in
: rear of the platform to catch droppingS, at
least eight inches deep and of ample width,
! make this trench water-tight; seventh have
! q well of pure water near the stable; eighth,
+ have storage room sufficiently large to con-
tain feed for six days; ninth, fasten the
cows with swing stanchion or chain in
, some comfortable manner. We handle cows
in such stable in winter in the following
manner:
Five to a. m, feed hay, milk, draw off
milk from creamer (use cooley, set milk
! in creamer and put skim milk to warming;
to a. IN, feed grain ration, and water
soon after. If weather is cold, cows should
not be turned out. The stables are cleaned,
manure taken to the field and spread at
once; the stable well Uttered with straw;
the trench partly filled with straw as an alb
sOrbent; 10 a. M, the cows are fed the sec
Ond tine with either hay or cut corn fOd-
der; II m, feed second grain ration; II IN.
TO p. M, incoming; l p. m, light feed OF
, hay; p. m, feed a third grain ration after
having given water as in the morning; to
p. m, feed hay in abund-
ance and adjust the bedding;
5 to 6 p. m, milking, setting milk, etc,
as in the morning. General directions in
addition to the above are noted as follows:
Have salt always easy of access for the
cows Card the cows at intervals. Always
treat the herd gently and strive to keep it
comfortable. We protect the cows during
the summer MONTHS July and August. from
the effects of excessive heat by allowing
them to go dry, during that time they are
left to themselves to fight the flies and
grow fat. During the portion of summer
that the herd is in milk always milk i'm the
stable, each cow in her place. and during
the season of flies darken the windows.
Provide for the falling off of feed in the
fall by sowing fodder corn. The rule never
to be disregarded is always have an abund-
ance for your cows to eat
Second, Market-The facts relative to
the markets of Minnesota are as follows:
First-Our market distance.
Second-Our transportation expenses. AS
a consequence all farm products of dimin-
utive bulk are at premium. Butter has
the greatest value per pound of any farm
product and is the best because it is the
cheapest to market. The market for butter
has two great facts in it. 1t wants fresh
butter every day in the year. and fresh
butter begins to grow scarce in September
and continues so through the autumn and
winter months. Eastern diaries make
butter from grass and run only in summer
when the market is low. West
ern diaries should make the
bulk of their butter in winter
from grain when the market is higher
Eastern dairymen have mainly grass to feed
as a natural home food product Western
do hau hof IL fnrhiHHan a
distant market by expensive transportation.
as a natural food product. Western dairy
men can produce grain in the summer and
manufacture it into butter in the winter.
We thus unite the labor of producer and
manufacturer and use double leverage to
lift our Indebtedness. We greatly add to
the fertility of our farms. for by the cow we
take out the cash value of grain and put it
in our pocket and leave the manure value
of the grain and put it back on the farm.
To do this we should let the cows drop
their calves in the fall and milk fresh
during the winter. The cows will take
fresh start in milk in the spring and so milk
more months in the year than they other
wise would.
Third-Food products. First, natural
grass, timothy clover and blue grass: sec
Ond, oats, corn and wheat bran. oats and
wheat mixed, sowing one bushel of wheat
to one and one-half bushels of oats to the
acre. A good ration in winter is eight
pounds of cornmeal and eight pounds of
oats and wheat mixed, fed in equal parts
three times day. This will be sixteen
pounds of ground feed and all the good hay
or corn fodder the cows will eat. The rule
should be to feed all that cow will eat and
digest well. A general rule for feeding for
butter would be to feed at least One-third
cornmeal and the balance of sixteen pounds,
more or less, of ground feed per day, TO be
of OATS bran or barley, with hay or corn
fodder in abundance. With such a system
of handling a dairy herd provided the cows
are good ones, the writer can see nothing
10 defeat a Minnesota daryman, unless it
be fraud butter"
Sheep i'm the Pen and Yard.
Why is it that 50 many lose sheep in the
winter? Is it because they cannot stand
our hard winters? That hardly seems
probable, for they are naturally adapted to
a cold climate. Many farmers who never
lose an animal of any other species, are
constantly losing sheep. 1t does not seem
to be lack of feed to the flock in the aggre-
gate, for they are given precisely the same
kind of hay that is fed to the COWS and
n