davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

POPULAR skating carnival at the Alham
bra Palace rink tonight.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

IHEEg.uLa race at the ALEXANDRA rink
Saturday evening between JGmes Delaney,
the East Liverpool woGder, and Jesse
Burke.j. C. this city.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

GREAT bargains in remnants and short
patterns Of dress silks at Geo. R. Tayl
All measured and marked down to cheap
counter prices.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
THE ACADEMY.

Humpty Dumpty ia still drawing large
houses at this popular paceof amusement
The Suydam Company is one Of the best
ever in this city.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

The object o.. this '.' D.. ... a... partllpu IN o
OF two IaICr.s u Ian .1..r % ohio county " .r
irgiuia, the dG.t . vi. 10 ,On'aius about u.r
hundred aud scv.r'.r3. .G,s. wing on Long 'H'
a branch Of EUr'4iO ..,, q, ",Ll,h sad ,rart e. .'
Wa lately owU,I r. I.nnas {. NaTu? AMI
liam -. Martin, tuI 0, low .uinty Opuc' .t .'
ruce t. plNcn and Julia CURTIS Tie 4. !.
said tract, @. ..u.d contains SiNi!-t'e aces ..
iVrl,r poles and al oIns the town OF Yves l.. .''
and Vas Lately owned oinlly hy Thomas Mar
and Wulism u. Martin, bul + nov Jointly Dr.. .
by Julia \. Curtis and EE,hard Lee DrNuH "..
Lawrence l. uiNon. And ID laid aus ,auuH
dtyidcl between the parties Sutli.,i thereto. r
TO have both properties sold and the Iro o,-.'
sucll sales di,trtuici according 'u Law. AMI 3
appcIring from an affidavit nIri lu This .a.".
these Ruiz, that the defendants, J.. 4. u'9n. p.
thaniel neau, laris.I Low AMI ----- IU', 80, no
residents al the State 81 Wet Virginia, sud t.,.
on motion OF the romp.si' ant, by his s,l.i'""
this order OF publ IiiOu Is entered E-aiU.t lh.u
and il j. orirrCd that the sald defendants, !. 8
beam Nathaniel Dean, tlarissa Loss and .-.
Low, are required to appear her. within one mur q
alt,.r the date Of the Inst puhlc1t on ol Ills "r
and do what Is necessary To- protect their iui'r'..
il is further ordered that rus order D., published
and posted q, required hy law.
Witness, John ". Mitchell, Clerk q. sid CO...
at the Court House ul sid county, this fta IAt
January, lSs1 tu-Wit January kul',, Is-.
IOIIN " MIrChl.LL. t.rrt.
Published the first tine, January o., !N-..
Attest: JOHN W. MITCHELL. t.rf.
x. q. BaER and ". NJ. U.NLNr,
fa5 Solicitors iur toIur'nr.n.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
A VERY FRIENDLY SPIRIT

having been manifested on each side
Before stopping, the men cleared up the
works and empted the converter OF all
metal, leaving the plant in condition to
be started at any time. They request that
all workman stay away from the works
until the trouble Is settled,
A REGISTER reporter called upon Mr..
W. II. Hearne at the St. James last eve.
ming, and asked for q statement of the
trouble He responded thar while the
works had been shut down as stated it
could hardly be called strike, inasmuch
as the company expected and was entirely
willing to pay an advance in wages dur
ing the present year. The Homestead
mill
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

Florence f. Dixon, with jaime, Dixon ..f n.
hand: lanes Dixon, trus't" 4. haui Zee ...
Lawrence DiNou, sarah jan Ea. g f.atri
Kay her husband, lila Am ,.,ar . . Huntr.
icl Dean her husnAr... ami t....rs. toss uI'.
- Low her Austina.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
DIED.

OUR own make shoes in all stylesS2 so.
Lockes, 1913 Main street.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
TUE STNFEE

In the supper room ten cOlored walters
disposed Of the guests about several tables
that radiated trol that Of the bridal party
n the centre o. the room at which sat the
bride ana groom, the minister, the bride 5
father. and maid and the bes; nan. Plates
were set for one hundred and twenty hre
PEOPLE and every plate was taken The
choicest .. suppers gotten up in bursts
best style was served most eScelIently, and
nothing was lacking in the appointments
for making the festive occasion enc Of III
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

ORR own make shoes IN 81 STYLES > 90
scke's. 1913 Main street,
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

OR own make shoes in 81 styles = 80
L5Cks's, 1913 Main street.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

The B y o. Gre ceiling low rate excur.
sion tjckers to New Orleans, Jacksonville
and all Son'hcrn rssor's. For tickets.
fouriets guides and FIJI information, call
on or address T { Surjie, ticket sgen,, B.
Il Q. depot, Wheeling, W. Va
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

The Mozart Singing Society has elected
officers for the ensuing six months as fol-
lows Director, Ed Scbenph; V Director,
Il. Schre5a; President, c. Kaloitress; Vice
President, c. Rohrig; Ger Secretary Y.
Theby; Financial Secretary Albert Booker;
Standard Bearers, r. Booker and Ed.
Brosche; Treasurer, Albert Motter; Music
Committee Charles Hortsmann, August
Fischer and William Bartcls.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
MORE TROUBLE
The Riverside Steel Plant Closed
Down.
The Men Demand an Immediate Increase
in Wages, and on Refusal
to Comply Leave
the Works.

The Riverside steel plant, at Benwood,
closed down in all departments yesterday
afternoon, the men going out in a body on
strike for an increase in their wages to
figures corresponding 10 the scale paid in
1884, which scale is about fifteen per cent.
higher than the rate paid in lsSj. For
some time past there has been some anx-
iety on the part Of the men at the River
side as TO what would be the rate of wages
for the present year, and this uneasi ness
increased when it became known that the
Edgar Thompson works and the. Home
stead works had closed down for repair 8
without
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
THE CEREMONY.

The hymeue8l knot wGs tied according
to the ritual OF the Church OF the New
jerusalem .Swedenborgisu) the Rev. John
Goddard, pastor CT the New Jerusalem
Church Of Cincinnati, having been sum
moued temporarily from bis church and
city for this occasion In this ceremony
the bride stands upon the left Of her hus
band after receiving the ring. having pre-
viously stood st his right The ritual Ia
simple and impressive and presents no
striking difference from the Episcopal
The uesr relatives Of the bride aud groom
stood nearest the pair
The Rev DR.. Goddard conducted the
ceremony in cl-ar soft voice. His man
uer is impressive and most deyout, and
stamped the occasion with s,lemnity
that was agresbly softened aud relieved By
those gentle and fairy ike strains that
hosted over the heads OF the hushed com.
psuy from the orchestra, Call Ne Thine
Own.
Immediately upon the termination
Of the ceremony the clergyman con
yratuatei the Hewly-wedded pair in
the name OF the assembled guests, who
were then conducted 10 the dining room
and there served with most sumptuous
repast The customary promiscuoua con
grayuations OF the company we're dis.
pensed with for the time, the congratula.
ton in the name Of the assembled guests
by the minister serving Instead.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

Al a meeting Of the stockholders OF The
Farmers' Fair Agricultural Association,
held in Faris Hall, Potomac, this county, on
Monday, Jan, 6, 1886. the following officers
we're elected: President, John J. Jacob
Jr Vice President, Capt. D. NJ BlaYney
Secretary, f. F. Jones; Treasurer, } W.
Dickey; Directors James DiXson, W. F,
Whirham, Wm. Mckee, Harrison McCarty
J. o. Curtis, F. c. De France, o. B Nc
Adoo ard j. W. Lindsay.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

An IMMEDIATE ADV ANtE
in wages to the 81 scala, and on @ re
fusal to close down the works.
This determination WAS officially COM
municated TO th3 Superintendent yesterday
morning, but, at his request the men con
tiuued at work until about 80 clock in
order that Mr.. Frank Hearne, who was
absent at S;eubenville, might be sent for.
Mr.. Hearne reached the works shortly be-
fore o clock, and had conference with
committee OF the men, The talk was
entirely pleasant on each side, the men eX-
planning
THE NATURE or THEIR DEMAND
aud the causes which impelled them to
make it.
Mr.. Hearne replied, in substance, that
while he was unwilling to set the price in
advance of any action up the river, his
company would be entirely Villing to pay
whatever rate OF wages might De agreed
upon at Homestead, aud stated that if the
rate Of 1881 was agreed upon there, be
would not only be willing to pay it, but
would date the advance back TO yesterday.
This the men refused, foc the reason, as
stated that the fact Of their continuing at
work at the 50 wages might work an in
Jury to their fellow workmcu in other
places, and they announced their purpose
of closing the works. The conference
then dissolved
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

The following officer Of Germania Lodge
No. :. X Of P, were installed By d. D.
&. c. Richard Henry, last night P. C;
Leopold Mayer; c. C., Fred Thompson; Y.
c Fred Schsrt Prelate, Paul Partzhold,
X Of K and S, l.. p. Slsterbsck; Treas
urer, Nick Schneider; NJ at A. VIM.
kobsch: |. g., Fred Mohn; o. G Fred
Refer.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
TETTFR OF NE SCAR.

VII, almost perfectly BALI, rags'd hy T'.rr.
he top q the scalp. Iusd you. tu'irrlra a,u.
lies about six wet Ks srd they cured my "a Pc
iectly, and nov ny harris comiaI t-r< as ms .
a. II ever was. !. z iHgl,t,
Wki,C-bITO Ir, s..
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
Julia \ Curtis

C,TATE OF WEST VIRGINIA, OHIO cot y
y ", s.. Ia the circuit court Of ohio county.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08
Thomas {. d artiu

l,ThTE OF WEST VIRGINIA, UHIOCUl D.
Ss In the circuit Court Of ohio COuuI. .
rarv Tu',4a
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

An election was held in the Germania
Singing Society, with the following result:
Director, f Schepfer; Y. Director, C. B.
Steusel. President, II. c. Meyer; Y. Pres
i4cu; Frank L4upp Cor. Secretary. c.
Rsiahardt; President, s. Fehler; Librar-
iuu, c. Rolf; StHriardoearers, f. Bohn
and August Warnocke Music Committee
consists Of M-ssrs Anton Freeze, c.
Schnepf, II. h Meyer Ed Schenher, C..
3. Stent,sl II Rasel, Anton Freese, f.
Laupp ard c, Rolf
Ga the 27'h OF this mouth the Society
will give a grand masquerade bali.
THREE MILE race at the Alhambra rink
Saturday evening bstwrsn James Delaney,
the Eas. Liverpool wonder aud Jesse Bur.
ket', Of this city.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-01-08

The Underwriters Association met in
their rooms in Craugle's Block yesterday
afternoon, and elected officers a5 follows
President s. P. Hildreih; Secretary, P. b.
Do5bins; Treasurer, F. Riester.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06
{lo'"s Of the p''ioa.
WHEN THE STORM Is ON THE OCEAN
BY +. Mex

| When the storm is on the ocean
And the waves foam DER the sand,
When the mad whirlwind is sweeping
In wild currents DER the land,
And the vessels struggle onward
Tossing helpless in the gale,
And the sailors climb the rigging
To furl the battered sail.
When the restless tempest RACES
Aud the hoarSe throat of the night
Calls across the signing pillows
To the landsmen in their fright;
When the wild gulls skim the beaches
Strewn with fearful wreck and weed
When the Seamen cry to Jesus
For his mercy in their need
And the sailors wives are watching
Through the darkness and the rain
For the ssels that will never
Reach their Ravens safe again.
Oh my soul is filled with longing,
And my life seems like the sand
Which the bitter pillows whiten
When they surge against the land.
The waves are tossing DER me,
And the golden glories flee
When the solemn winds are moaning
And the storm is on the sea,
Ever blowing, ever raging,
Are the winds that come and go
o'er the waters of existance,
Ever endless in their flow.
All, the heart will loose its spirit
And the daylight never come,
For the storm-wind moaneth ever
And the song of peace is dumb;
But the darkest shadows brighten,
And the widest storms are stilled
When the chalce of the spirit
With the wine of love is filled.
Then the storm is past forever,
Then the vessel saileth home,
And the sailors wives no longer
Watch in vain to see them come;
Then the wild winds only whisper,
And the wrecks hide in the cove,
And above the waves wherever
Sailsi the sea gull, scars the dove.
Send thy thunder, God. and shatter
All the forest with thy flame,
Toss the wrecks upon the beaches,
Still we bow before thy name;
For, beyond the wind and tempest
And the fearful havoc done,
Is the star light of thy glory
And the eyer-beaming sun.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06
i" l's'''' tae''.

One of the biggest affairs on foot is the
coming convention of fourth class post
masters at Chicago
DR.. Talmage is opposed to Kissing in
the Moonlight. Kissing in the dark does
discount it, that S fact.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

IL is said that Henry Irving's imper-
sonation of Hephistopheles is bringing him
more money than any other role ever did.
The London public is probably giving the
devil his due
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

Cath thinks the more eminent a
man, the more thiu-skinned he becomes
If it is not too early in the season we,
hope this valuable information will not
be thrown away on mosquitoes.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

1t was a Walla Walla CIV. T) bride
groom, who answered, when the minister
to be his welded wife: YES, Stree
yes, sir-if you please
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

Halo there is a folded piece of
weite paper pinned to the table cloth,
which he had not observed before. and
he springs for it and takes it over to
the window, where the light is better.
Hattie writes a faint, cramped little
school glrlish hand that is not easy to
read, but John Webber's heart sinks as
he spells out the note
didn't see any chance of your going
to the beach or any where's like other
folks, and Nell Stince urged me and the
baby to start right off with her this
morning. She has got part of house
for two weeks down to West Harborside
and invited me to make visit, so twont
be any expense to you, but | don't ex-
pect | can be gone but a few days Mrs.
Stince felt as if the baby needed change
very bad. She hopes you will come
down for Sunday anyway-Can't You get
a week Off | knew you wouldn't say no
if you was here. You are most ALWAYS
so dear, don't be cross, Johnny.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

A few days ago well-known society
young man shocked one of his lady friends
by his ignorance of history. 1t was after
dinner party at his house, and she was
telling him what she had learned in her
private history class. One thing led to
another, and all the time he was getting
into deeper water. At last she surprised
him by inquiring: "Now tell me, Mr.
-, what are the Knights of the Bath?"
He stammered for while, and finally
blurted out why, Saturday night, /
suppose"
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

The oyster farmers on the Synepuxent
Bay are complaining of the low price OF
oysters in Philadelphia. Baltimore Amer
iean. Yet these same Synepuxeut far
mers would think it very unkind if reo-
pie stopped putting oysters down.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

EikfOH. January. 1856.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1886-02-06

1t was little girl at Maiden, who, hav-
ing been naughty, and having received a
punishment from her mother, said this
prayer ferventiy wien she went to bed
that night: so God, please make me
good; not real good, but just good enough
so won't have to be whipped
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1886-01-06

rs. That the habitual use OF Slco-
holic liquids, either fermented Sr dis
titled, by the anesthetic effect Of the
alcohol on the nervous system. tends
to create a demand for more, and con-
sequently moderation in the beginning
very generally leads directly to excess
sooner or later.
&c. That alcohol while in the blood.
in contact with the structures Of the
body, is not appropriated as food. but
by its strong affinity for the albumin
Gus constituents Of the living structures
1t retards the natural molecular changes
constituting nutrition and waste, and
thereby weakens all the processes and
functions of life. II taken in large
quantities at once, or in smaller quanti-
ties frequently repeated, it is capable
of SO completely paralysing the nerv-
GUS system and arresting molecular
changes as to produce speedy death.
In small quantities repeated from day
to day it simply lessons nerve sensihil-
ity, blunts metal and moral perceptions.
and slowly but surely prevents the nu-
triton of structures in such away as to
make the system more readily yield to
almost all the causes Of disease and to
specially favor the development Of
either sclerosis or fatty degeneration
in most of the structures Of the body.
and especially in the liver, kidneys.
heart and brain.
~. That it can not be taken in
health without injury, and though, in
skillful hands, 1t may be used to very
limited extent as q medicine, it Is not
necessary, since in the limited number
of cases or diseased conditions in which
it could be used with benefit there are
other agents still more beneficial that
can be substituted for it."--lsish World.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1886-01-06
TEMPERANCE ITEMS.

The liquor seller fattens on the ruin
Of mankind. Golden Rule.
SENATOR FRYE, Of Maine, whose tee.
total principles are well known, has, it
is said, exercised his authority as Chair
man of the Committee on Rules of the
United States Senate, and changed the
management Of the Senate restaurant.
1t is understood that the new restau-
rant-keeper will not keep or dispense
any kind of intoxicating liquor.
The Philadelphia Press recently took
q vote among its subscribers upon q
number of timely questions. One Of
them was: "Would the substitution of
light wines and malt liquors for strong
alcoholic drinks remove the evils Of in
temperance to such an extent as to
make further prohibitory legislation
Unnecessary" The vote was remark
able. 1t stood, ayes. I6S; nays, sSl.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1886-01-06
PERSONAL AND LITERARY.

MIR. Spurgeon, the great English
preacher, has gone to the South Of
France for the winter.
There are four hundred and fifty.
two women editors in England more
than in all the rest Of Europe com bined.
The widow of the late Ex-Governor
Morgan, of New York, has collection
Of brio ,a-brac and paintings valued at
"a, 0O0, O00.-N Y. Times
e. A. Lever, q prominent journal.
ist OF New Orleans, who served at va
rious times in the American, Peruvian,
Gillian and Mexican armies. has been
commissioned Brigadier-General by
the Honduras Government.
General Grant and Bishop Simpson,
OF the Methodist Episcopal Church,
were first cousins. The Bishops father
and the Generals mother were brother
and sister. Their father and mother
were Irish, from County Tyrone.-M
Y World.
IN. Grevy," says a chatty person
in Paris. sis very rich and very
misery. He eats plain food because
he is too stingy to buy dainties. How
much he is worth no one knows, bu. it
can not we'll be less than $500, 900, .
large part OF which is in Paris houses.
And he is saving money all the time
out Of his salary"
John B. Hignut. aged seventy-three.
and Clarissa Brose, only one year young
er, were married at Seaford recently BY
Rev. J. E. Nicholson, who received .
cool 1--WE are much obliged to you for
the accommodation" The aged pair
had driven into Seaford from Caroline
County, Nd. where they belonged
Baltimore american a
AT a recent marriage in Ohio the
bride, q Miss Morris. wore dress that
was imported from Paris in 1742 for .
wedding, and has been in the family
ever since, being used only on such Oc-
casi0ns. 1t was worn again in 1776 as
a wedding-dress, but not again till the
other day when Miss Morris donned it.
Not stitch has been altered or added
to il, and it is in as good condition a.
when Cleveland Leader.
Nine Adelina Patti will be mar
ried to Sig. Nicolini in June next-that
is to say, in the legal period Of ten
months after her divorce from the Mar.
quis de Caux. Nicolini's real name ID
Ernest Nicholas, and he belongs to q
humble French family. His wife, from
whom he has been divorced by mutual
consent, and from whom he had been
separated many years, is an Italian lady
named Maria Annata.
Harvey d. Colvin, Chicago agent
for the United States and Pacific Elk
press Companies, has been made Su
perintendent, with headquarters a,
Chicago, and is succeeded as agent by
Alonzo Wygant Mr.. Wygant com
menced working for the United State!
Express Company in 1868, and fol
meritorious services has been promoted
from his original situation Of money
deliveryman to assistant cashier, ther
TO cashier, then to assistant agent, ant
finally to his present position of agen
of the two companies. Mr.. Wygan
has made his own way, and may safel,
be called a self-made man, while tn
express companies have every reason
to be proud Of him.
The Maryville times. (Maryville, Tenn.) 1884-1944, 1886-01-06
THE VERDICT OF SCIENCE.
The Medical Experience of Century
Proves Alcohol a Poison.

The Medical Experience of . Century
Proves Alcohol a Poison.
Among the many interesting papers
of the forthcoming centennial volume,
Zone Hundred Years of temperance"
soon to be published by the National
Temperance Society, is one of great
value by DR.. N. s. Davis, of Chicago,
the father and founder of the American
Medical Association, entitled "The
Centennial Verdict of Science" from
which we quote the following:
SIN tracing the progress Of scientific
knowledge concerning the nature and
effects of alcoholic drinks, we find the
following propositions have been clear
ly and fully established, by strictly SCI
entitic investigation and experiment,
without the slightest regard to social
or moral considerations on the part of
the investigators:
II. That the active agent in all the
varieties Of fermented and distilled
liquids in use is alcohol or ethylic ether,
the properties of which are the same
in all, it differing only in quantity in
the different liquids.
"2. That this alcohol belongs, chem
ically, to the same group OF hydrogen
bons as the different varieties of ether
and chlorofOrm now generally called
an%sthctics-in other words, it is ethy.
lie ether, composed of hydrogen, oxy.
gen and carbon-and can be produced
only by a process of fermentation in
substances containing saccharine mat.
ter.
"3. The alcohol, wherever found,
whether in fermented or distilled
liquids. when taken into the human
stomach is absorbed and enters the
blood unchanged, and circulates with
that fluid through every organ and
structure of the body, until the greater
part (if not ally of it is eliminated
through the skin, lungs and kidneys.
81. That while in the blood the al
cohol produces all the effects of a pure
anasthetic and sedative, directly di
minishing nerve sensibility, muscular
contraction and molecular NOV
throughout the system.
1T is the dimunition of nerve sensi
bility that renders the individual frs
light. airy and hilarious. giving the
popular idea of excitement or stimula
ton; second, dull, hesitating. or inco
herent in thought and speech, and un
steady or staggering in gait, popularl,
recognized as incipient intoxication
and. third, entire unconsciousness ant
muscular paralysis, constituting dead
drunkenness or complete anesthesis
These successive stages are developed
in direct ratio to the quantity taken.