The Daily bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Hawaii]) 1882-1895, 1886-01-12

cry over II SuCNCSSlou VI illiS anu
dalcs sufficiently picturesque to
please the eye, but rather, aggravat-
ing to the traveller who desires to
speed his horse and make good time
OH his journey. Very soon the
peculiar peak of Olomana shows up
and gives the wayfarer something
to exercise his ingenuity in con
occurring how it came there. Every
few yards the journey seems to be
nearly at an end, but yet another
hill has to be surmounted and
another gulch crossed, till at last
you stand on the top of Keaniani
(The glass;, and the beautiful
panorama of Waimanalo bursts
suddenly upon the view. To the
right the most perpendicular noun
tain on this island ending in u group
of rock islands out to sea, and to
the left the twin peaks of Olomana
terminated by the island of Moku-
LEILA, celebrated as the only breeding
place for plover in the group. To
the center, almost at the foot of the
observer, lies Pua Ali (the royal
hower), the residence of Mr.. j. A.
Cummins and the seat of the sugar
mill, surrounded by cluster of
neat houses, and acre on acre of
waving sugar cane, stretching down
to the white sandy beach on which
the Pacific breaks with its never
ending roar.
Going gently down the pail which
lies at the spectator feet one
reaches the old residence of Mr..
Cummins, in which he spent over
80 years of his life, while managing
the estate as cattle ranch. Here
no less than five of the Hawaiian
monarchs have been entertained
from time to time. Another stretch
of about half mile brings us to the
mill and the homestead. After
partaking of refreshments and pro-
viding for the animals, we are in
vited to step through the mill and
see the process of sugar manufac-
ture. First are to be seen long lines
of cars laden with sugar cane.
standing on the rails ready to be
run up to the feeder of the mill as
fast as required. The feeder of the
mill is an endless band covered
horizontally with wooden Stats and
passing between two wooden Stats
so as to form an oblong box with
continually travelling floor. Beside
it stand several hands, chopping the
cane so as to make it lie snugly and
feed evenly to the rollers, of which
there are three, the upper a four
ton and the lower ones three tons
each. These rollers crush the stalks
of the cane so finely and thoroughly
that nothing is left but fine stringy
substance in small Jumps, technic-
ally known as trash, and the juice.
The trash passes up on another end
less band direct to the furnaces and
the trash house; while the pale
green colored frothing liquid known
as the juice passes on to a stralner
and then is pumped up to the clari-
fiers, and then to the cleansing pan
where it is constantly skinned and
then through another strainer. All
of these processes are needed to re-
move such constituent parts and
foreign substances as would inter-
fere with its conversion into the
finest sugar. From the strainer it
passes to the double effect, which is
the name given to two large boilers
having steam tubes inside where the
juice is boiled first time. From
these it passes down to the coolers
large tanks-where it is cooled
off, and then again goes up to the
vacuum pan-another large boiler
having three steam coils inside, and
from thence to the mixer. The
juice has now become dark, black,
| grainy and very adhesive. Here,
after being thoroughly turned over
by revolving set of spokes in the
mixer, it is run off into the centri-
fugals-a set of four rapidly revolv-
ing tubs having their axle in the
centre-and in a very short while
the beautiful pale amber No. l
sugar is run out into the sugar
rooms and there put up in bags.
Every economy is practised in the
manufacture, and the skimmings
from the cleaning pans, ETC., are run
into two tanks, where steam is adj
mitted from below and presses it
upwards. The dirt and refuse
forming hard cake is run off into
the river, while the juice thus ex-
tracted is run off into the double
effect and 800 pounds of sugar is
thus gained per day.
The mill, though only ten tor
mill, has averaged over IL tons 9
day for the last year, and during
that time has only stopped working
for six days, turning out about
$500 tons of sugar. The highest
number of CHARTERS of 500 gallons
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