davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Sheep Still Profitable.

The great project of the age in stock -raising
is cheapcning the cost of production, whether
it he the live animal, meat, or some of tller
contributions to the volume of trade, as but
ter, wool, etc. To sfseepmen this applies only
to tho production of mutton and wool, and the
chcapening of the cost of these two products
Is of paramount importance to them in tho pres
sheep business was profitable in almost any
way i'll which it could be conducted, ON &C
count of the high price Of wool and the high
price Of the sheep consequent thereon. Now,
the extremely low price Of wool has changed
all of this, aud mutton is also low as a natural
sequence. The object now to be attained is
the cheapening of the cost of the growing of
the wool and mutton, and the most available
way to do this Ii to increase the weight and
OF improvement, and it on y remains for the
flock owners to enter upon what is plainly
their duty to bring about tho great ultimatum
"a profitable sheep.
Sheepmen are IN o position where they must
either do this or meet greater pecuniary re-
verses than have yet befalen them. The man
who, in place of being discouraged, sets stead
lily to work to make his flock profitable, will
be adopting the ono policy by which he may
ical depressions which may visit us at inter
walls in the future There is no doubt that the
best flocks of the country are still profitable,
although not 80 much SO as year or two back,
whether they be mutton or Merino sheep; and
it remains for the great mass Of sheepmen to
bring their focks up to the high average of @
few hocks which may be found in every neigh
borhood There is no use of saying that this
cannot be done 1t can be done, and when it is
the hocks ought to be as uniformly profitable
as the herds of swine and cattle -Nattonal
iXOcEWNu
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
MADE A BIG HAUL.
w. f. Gould, Banker at Portland. Me.
Proves to be An Extensive Defaulter.
por+I.rd fAJo \ ,1;o,,t.y,

w. f. Gould, Banker at Portland, Me.
Proves to be An Extensive Defaulter.
Portland (NIe.) dispatch.
1t is now thought that the defalcation of
w. E. Gould will reach $145, 900, but the
directors think the bank will not lose $751;
600. Gould, who is So years old, was CASH
Ter of the First National Bank, Vice Presi-
dent of the National Bankers Association,
also of the Portland Savings Bank. 1t is
said he commenced embezzling ten years
ago. He has not been asked to give bond
for many years. All of his original bonds
men, save his father in law, Neal Dow, are
dead, and Dow can only be held for $780,
600 of the original $4,000, if at all. About
ten days ago Gould went to New York.
During his absence clerk discovered
seeming crookedness in his affairs, the di-
rectors summoned expert clerks and found
n $4,000 shortage. Instead of securing
Gould's arrest. the directors sent n tele-
gram summoning him home to advise con-
corning the investment of funds. After
reaching home, and while the investigation
was going on, the cashier was kept in ig-
norance that he had reached the end of his
rope, and the knowledge which came to
him gradually was terrible shock. Gen.
Dow assisted Mt the investigation. Gould
will be held till the Comptroller proceeds
against him. The bank officials have nc
criminal charge against him. President
Libby says every dollar of the stolen money
was lost in Wall street. Gould was prom
inent church member, and conducted af-
fairs Of Sunday schools.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Is 1T A VOLCANO?
Spec"'ations Concerning the Recent Earth
~ ak, Shocks Experienced in the Vicinity
of Savannah, Ga.
Savannah dispatch.l

0t savannah, Ga.
[Savannah dispatch
The keeper at Tybee lighthouse, Mt the
mouth of the Savannah River, reports that
between and 2 o'clock this afternoon, m
immense white column, at first supposed to
be water-spout, was noticed twenty miles
out at sea, in a noltheasterly direction, or
apparently twenty miles due east of Hilton
Head Headlight, at the mouth of Port Roy
al harbor. Glasses were leveled on the
mysterious stranger, but it was so far dis
tant and the atmosphere SO hazy, that q
goot view was impossible. The fact that
it still remained stationary ut 5 o'clock dis
PEELED the water-spout theory, and at that
hour the lighthouse keeper significantly
'elephoned that the column had assumed
unmlstakable evidences of being smoke OF
light gray color, peculiar to that from vol
canoes. No disturbance of the sea is re-
ported to have preceded the appearance Of
the column, but the people OF the island
are convinced that volcano has sprung up.
The smoke is visible from the cupola OF the
Morning Neacs building in this city, and it
is felt certain here that it is either of volcanic
origin or arises from ship Oh fire ut sea.
AS it is a forty mile cruise from this city it
will be impossible to learn anything definite
concerning the mystery before tomorrow.
unless information is brought in tonight
by a vessel arriving at Tybee. The first
shock of earthquake felt in this city Tues
day night undoubtedly came from north
easterly direction, and this fact, coupled
with Prof. MendensaIl's theory plainly indi-
Gates that the base of the disturbance is at
sea, somewhere off the coast between this
city and Charleston. The appearance of a
volcano i'll the vicinity described would,
therefore, not be very surprising.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
MISCELLANEOUS.

HIGH license in Chicago has had the
effect of wiping out a hundred saloons.
THERE are $20,014,457 on deposit in the
Canadian Government saw .ngs banks.
THERE are thirteen counties in Missouri
which do not contain licensed saloon.
BARNEY FERGUSON, Lake Shore
striker, is on trial in Chicago for throwing
switches.
The receipts from customs at New York
during the ten days ended Sept. 20 were
$8,S65, 900.
BY order of the Georgia courts obstinate
prisoners IRE hereafter to be whipped on
the bare back.
THERE is great excitement in Colorado
over the discovery of free milling gold ore
near Fort Collins.
THERE is trouble between the Chicago
stone contractors and cutters and brick
layers and stonemasons.
NINETY THOUSAND cotton spinners in
Burnley, England, have resolved to strike
against reduction in wages.
SINCE the outbreak of cholera in Pesth,
13S cases and 43 deaths from the disease
have been reported i'll that city.
IT is becoming more evident that Arthur
East St. Louis, just as he confessed.
ESTIMATES of the Russian harvest show
so per cent. decrease in winter wheat and
40 per cent. increase in spring wheat.
THERE are sixty-six counts in the indict-
ment against the embezzl;ng President Of
the Abingdon (Mass.) National Bank.
The resignation of Prof. William Fer
rol, Meteorologist of the Signal Service, has
been accepted by the Secretary of War.
The cost of the star route service during
the last fiscal year WAS $G,S47 1884, a de-
crease of SCI, 1928 from the previous fiscal
year.
1T is asserted that Count Aubigany has
been appointed minister to Egypt to COM
bat English influence III the khedive's do.
| minions.
The shipments of foreign iron ore "a
| Philadelphia during the last two months
have been the largest ever known i'll the his
tory of the port.
SEVERAL clerks in the Coast Survey Blu
reau, in which there have been SO many
scandals of late, are to be invest gated OF
charges of drunkenness.
The report Of the Senate committee o,
the removal of Judge McAll.ster, OF AlHskn
lust made public, states that the remova
was Tor political reasons only.
The deficit in the French budget is est.
mated at "A, 900, 900 francs. An impost OF
alcohol, it is said, will be the only new
form of taxation possible u 1851.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
THE APIARY.
Outdoor Vinterf,,a of Bees

Indoor wintering, if properly conducted,
may have its advantages but if outdoor win
tcrlng brings as good results, why should the
additional labor and expense necessary to put
under cover be assumed! Bee enthusiasts
exclaim that the bees, like other workers on
the farm, should have additional protection in
winter. But when It is demonstrated that tho
heat generated by cluster of bees is 65 deg.
when the mercury fails 20 deg below zero on
the outside of the hive, it is evident that
strong colony of bees do not suffer very much
in zero weather even.
A beo-keeper with thirty colonies and
twelve years experience with the Simplicity
hives winters III them and on summer stands.
Over the frames he spreads an enamoled
cloth, and on this is about six inches of saw
dust Another boe-keeper, with fifty colonies
and twenty-five years experience leaves the
bees in tho open air Ill the American and SIM
plicity hives The only additional protection
given is several tlHcknesses of carpetng piac-
cd over the brood chamber. Both apiaries re-
ferred to are protected by board fences, and i'll
both, also, the spring count does not vary
much from tnat made i'll the fau. Weak col,
onies will fall out, of course, but there need
be no weak colonies, if the bee-keeper be up
in the business.
An experiment was tried last winter with an
American and Simplicity hive placed side by
side A few boards nailed together were set
up on the north and west, and the space over
the IN and
carpet The entrances were leit woe ;i, open
holes above the entrance. The tins PROVIDED
closing these holes were esht 6us pre
0ssga h s4 xer they sas and not
disturbed until April Both were ready to
swarm by the middle of May One . Of the
colonies grew into five during the past season,
the other into three None stored s@rptSs
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Curing Clover Han.

bhrre are three methods, either one of which
think preferable to that recommended by
le1y, former correspondent One Is
start the mower as soon as the dew is off.
One O'Clock the hay is wllted, and l then
yi the rake, putting the hay into small
prows, SO that tho sun and air may still
ue in contact with US much of it as possible;
tA'ce o'clock l commence putting it into
ball cocks, with their sides as near perpen-
cnsEn possible. After two days of bright
cattle, the hay may DO stored with no dan
ofiamage BY this method the handling
done Mt Il time when the leaves will not
ts''cr, and being mainly cured by the opera
~ of the ar, the hay preserves its green
or and rich aroma.
Another method, with still less handling, is
maui tho hay up as coon Us it willis, which
! will do i'll three or four hours after cutting
1t ia bright day.. Spread it over the floor
layers OF about one foot thick sprinkllng
|pon each layer salt in tho proportion of half
|h,sliol to the ton Of hay. The clover is cured
fsas preservative.
SILL another method, and one much prefer
p always adopt if in my power, is, in place
the salt, to use alternate layers of wheat or
b straw. The cover, being stored in green
Pate, undergoes fermentation. The straw all
(Nbs the moisture and gases that come from
| and thus takes on the flavor and aroma of
pe ciover. necessary cOmpellcu me 10 Try Cnls
tethol for the first time several years ago.
Efficient for the cattle had on hand l cut
when in full bloom, and as soon as it had
nNsd began storing it away. first spread
yer the floor thick layer of straw, then
hin layer Of clover, then a thick one Of straw,
nd so on until the barn was full When win
eF came, passed it through cutter, and fed
eli,h, and thrived upon 1t, and do not think
have ever had better roughness for them
" course clover saved i'll this way would not
. marketable hay; and l may also add that I
10 not think clover hay saved by any method
a.uablo for market purposes; but for home
assumption there is nothing equal to it for
atlc. and as o crop it is the farmers best
riend, which, in due season, with proper
will surely give him good milk,
GOD hutter, fat cattle, and rich land-C0rre-
Dondcace Country Gentleman
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08

BEFORE the introduction of STAMPED
money in ONE, I'LL sums were re,ko ed
by the pound weight, and MOI by the:
number o pieces. whence person
who weigh d out the amour for any
purchase WIS termed li'r rer. The
wei gilman. But the name was ret4'ia,ed
in after times, although liz som
rom which it aroNe had long ias'len
into 4 s''">. TO DIES gnate the lH' son
who recAored up and di,tr;Lm'e vileir
pay to the soldiers, whora We 'ni~ht
term the 4uartermaster CT . leg!n.entA
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
, y rA' oeclnias days OF September and octo

era seeds sd is should be planted in the fall sev
WY eet apart either wav New ps lolsy or
s I res less than for feet apart PM Th nI
u. .ii,u Win light, sandy loan forhad luuu DC
j., ",e, With no coarse manuro ~, 49, .s,..
wit, tl with the seeds. Next tread if dow, ,,.n
seed, hetr run. 70 smooth bed; then take the
Ssua5 .ween the thumb and tinrer ta s,n .,il
, , eo"hwar and force them ;nio ny th s.'i h
, ,".i. length Cover two inches dean With 3'
,; mulch wi h decompose,l loawoap WIN WIN
s.iu woods and with fine manure Dr, ,.o'..
n o., AT. IN the center of the hole Plant ono seod
f ~ ,,e center and three or four about one foot
and maI 1 oeneor; II tho center one comes nm
~ makes good straight stock the first vear
l.iea on tho second year lift the othoYs VIII
spaao and plant them elsewhere. All tho
hands, ' ~ oono ny shllltul
f,orcins the sap back to tho lower limbs
ana lli SAVING them from the saw and tho ay
i rnEs,' nv. 1,em early into bearing. 1t is well
h y. } mat the strong, bright rays of the sun
I'D June and July by capillary attraction draw
a large proportion of the sap IN the troe to
INC, inc top, which tends to paralyze the lower
liInDs, as we'll as to defer tho bearing soasnn
of the tree. 'o"S'n
Never plant Baldwins among or near fores,
trees. The Baldwin thrivcs in the same so ij
IN N which the natural or primitive rock maple
thrive lhrlyes Never plant a Baldwin tree in the
, brush OF forest clearing until the sprouts
have =, o. been cleaned out, root and branch, ant
until the land has been burned over.
a thll1ty-growing maple will send out root!
at the age of twenty five years in ali directions
up to distances of thirty to forty feet, absorb
ing large proportion OF all organized ant
soluble food within their reach. 1 have scel
scores OF apple trees destroyed through lac
OF knowledge on this point It is advisable t
plant forest trees as a wind break to the Yves
and north of an orchard whom the locality an
| circumstances will admit, but tho trees in til
orchard must have q southerly exposure, il
order to Task in tho bright rays of the sun t
color and ripen the fruit evenly over the tree
According to my experience, 1 would use tn
seeds for planting for stocks from the tree c
a native Qrom the seeD, strong growing, long
keeping, wmtsr-sweedng.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08

Is. G. Smith, Of Ynnkton.
J. @. Adams, of Day.
!. G. Nash, of Beadle.
b. G.. Fnhnestock, Of Coddington.
Geo. Wce. of Moody.
John A. Owen, of lingsbury.
G. J. Washabaugh.
Sol Star, of lawrence.
A. j. Simmons, of Pennington.
a. A. Stewart. Of Fall River.
A. ID. Clark, Of Custer.
II. J. Grant, of Butte.
G. I. Clement, of CaSs.
II. =. Noyas. of Grand Forks.
j. M. Yerkey, OF Walsh.
Herbert Root, of Barnes.
w. Il. Steele, of Kdder.
w. c. PluR1mer, OF Trail.
Johnson. of Dickens.
Rob mt Wnllace, of Stutsman.
NJ. II. Jewell, of Burleigh. 81
George Harmon, of Morton.
Harry Alwer, of Ransom.
J. y. q. Scobey, of Brookings.
l.. H. Bowman, of Brown.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Ao~ to Mako a Good Ba,d.c.,, Orchard.


10 make good tree it is necessary to have
good stock, writes l. l. Fierce, of East
;SGatfray, N. H., in the american Cultivator.
Inc prevailing practice has boon to graft
sprouts that spring up in the fields, by the
roadside or from the seeds Of the pomace OF
cider mil g, from the sourest crabs to the bit.
Nfest sweet without regard to the qua tiles OF
constituents that enter into the imposition of
. hrst-cass apple Upon careful e1amina-
a zoe there will often be found nearly as many
;a.inerent varieties or trees of dissimilar quail
n uss as there are trees in the orchard Those
.ultlvators who make practice OF building
ana an grating, out sc ons from any part OF any
ulo 1aise impression that whatever the STOCK
or whatever the SCION or bud it will grow up
anu m ike q Ba ,dwin tree, will find themselves
uineh III staken.
During the last forty years I have grated
n a,sed Of this class of sprouts, and trees
safiou ways, but doubt if to-day there arc
ave per Cent. OF them worth trimming; Ii
W unnatural, reckless practice be not aoal-
Hohcd, it ~ folly for us to continue to encum-
W. VT our best lands with fruit trees OF any
sPbc cs or variety.
To plant q Baldwin orchard with view to
ploAt, only the best must be planted-'he
.!pe'', the most perfect seeds from the oest
,.ilos VI apples III cultivation. A strlct re-
5 gar must Ee p I'd to the selection OF the seeas
n ao!u such Varieties as are IN accord WIN .no
n ma laws such us gov I'm the adaptab.lity
VI y; the Baldwin to MAINTAIN its hi ii qualities,
d d. Its original purify. Few cultivators wi H
a W tAlt the Bultlw Ii is the most prnhADl99
ssp,io row cultivated in the New Eng ana
IIu,1es bo:i for no ne use and export .raue.
~, ~ mas ar ady established itself as hardy ~
s sne sugar maple, even in our cod, vigorous
@lnate 1t is an enormous beaf er nder gpo .,
IISie an good cllnvuti N. ltwl stand r"uEn
eeasIhuihg Inc apple ripens up even .' da
s s," beautifully when planted ON M 80 ~
OIL >a lies ending continual to tho sou1l ~ :"
e''e tas full benefit of the Gums warm rase
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
AID RCUSEWlFERY.
- If Interest Relating
ro,,,7, and Household
management.
..;ou for the Tlowman, Stock.
poul.erer, Nurseryman,
y and Housewife.
THE FARM.
THE FARM.
l,.,.,,n,,o Ii,tst Prom Stecl.

~ .,.Is with keros ene oil and leave
Y r ''' day. Then procure 1ine flour
, I'd N with kerosene oil and scour
~, ti4.shns with rotten stone. To
'l,',.5 ru t, heat the STEEL and rib par
and wncn cool polish with y CLOTH.
rofine No steel article should DO
!. re- lar or damp place, blu. in dry
ins +. II the, must be kept in Gel
W. n d be W II coated with plat1ine
nd IN c oths or paper; oiled paper
80, Il ~, 90
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Potato Din0j,,0.

mr. Ives thinks nothing more important
1c;essiul and easy Potato-digging than
.us the crop perfectly free of weeds
liIy he drives wagon between rows, and
loa pull up several rows of tops clean,
lraw tholn to Ii ter the barnyard for flu
Thirdly, he runs Gu tivator
between rows, sinking the rear teeth we'll
the soil, leaving o narrow ridge, which
silly broken up in taking out the tubars
q vota hook. The field liz left perfectly
and mellow, and winter rye may be i'm
nt@ly sown, and give good early soillng
spring or green manure by plowinS
I, or y good crop of grain for grinding,
q ang domestic animals, worth twice as
l NJ. ants
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
AEnrietu of Grasses.

Of the s,lrest signs of improving farm
,hs general tendency to SOW many kinds
-. ri instead OF only tue traditional
an timothy. The best way to make two
O grass grow where ono grew before ls
:; creator variety. BY this method the
:f.ore July occupied, each kind tind.n,
!, aad CONDITIONS best adapted to its use.
.nng alonc probably clover and tmo-
!. bctttr adapted to most soils than any
.ort, that have lately come INTO prom
Where orchard grass is sown alone 1t
10 grow in lunches, and the vacant
batweon these, unless seeded with clover
,.es. will be occupied by weetlA
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Faffeui,,H Sheen.

Ewes that have lost their lambs, except
by accident, should be 1od q little grain
and turned off early for the butcher 1t
needs very little grain to fatten them on grass,
and though they are often lattened on grass
alone, they will pay for little grain as well
sheep and all over five years old should be
fatteuod and sold
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
HIM Clorcr.

-, y, rlant receives less caro- than tho
r, ,'T ,i.o clover. 1t is seldom sown, and
mn. il. - onco been grown seeding is
W. Yet 1t Is not weed, only appear
''I that would otherwise be bare from
If otlcr COVERS aud grasses. Although
:, 8 70 pr,ciudes 1t from being cut for
us,. it springs up SO qnlcAly when
limit rich land Will produce . great
= n food per acre. No plant is better
=; 70 the anlryman's use IN producing
a Inter. In the best dairy regions
,s az 10 seeded with white clover for
,.,-,urp
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
THE KITCHEN.
Coffee Cake.

One cup of brown sugar, one cup Of butter,
cold coffee, one teaspoonful of soda, two tea
spoonfuls of cinnamon, one teaspoonful Of
cloves, one cup of raisins or currants ana five
cups of sifted -four. Add the fruit last
rubbed in little of the flour. Bake about one
hour
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
To CrystaIlise Fruit.

Pick out tho finest of any kin Of fruit;
leave in the stones; beat the VIII ties of three
cgg. with the stems upward: drain and beat
what d Ups off again; select them out one by
one and dip than into cup Of I'm finely pSw re
paper, place the fruit on it, and set it in
cool oven, Whom tie icing on the fruit be-
comes firm, pile them on dish and SGT them
in a cnol Dlac3
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
lea Of M,.tto, ,cit1. Caper Sauce.

Wash with vinegar, peeling away as much Of
tho tough outer skin as will come away easily;
lo,l ,wolve minutes to the pound in pot Of
hot sailed water; take out wipe al over with
a clean cloth, and rub with Lutter. For the
sauce take out largo cupiul Of the liquor
vessel containing this in cold water, to throw
up the fat; skim carefully, strain in sauce,
pan, bring to b,il, str in a great snoonfui
of butter IN bed in as much -four. When 1t
has conked three m nutes Add two tablespoon
fuls of cApers.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
THE ORCHARD.
lccgrofti,,0 Weakly Trees.

In most young orchards some trees will be
found that have made a weakly, stunted
growth. Ii most cases this is the fault of the
city rather than of the original stock.
GmttnS with more vigorous sorts will soon
effect change in the roots to correspond with
Me character OF the now top
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Rice PuddistN,

one-half cupful rice, one and half pints.
milk, one-half cupful sugar, large, pinch OF
fine Put rice, washed and picked, sugar, sat,
and milk in quart pudding dish. Bake in
moderate oven over two hours, stirring fire.
quently first one and o quarter hours, then
permit it to finish cooking, with light-colored
crust disturbing it no more. Eat cold with
cream.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1886-10-08
Cottage Pudding.

Either of the following will be found good:
1. Two cups of flour, two teaspoonfuls Of
spoonful of melted butter, oae cup of milk
and the grated rind Of q lemon. Bake in .
good oven and serve hot with sauce. One pint
Of flour, two teaspoonfus of baking powder,
two cups of sugar, one cup of butter, one cup
of milk and two eggs. Serve hot, with hard
aauce