River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1886-09-30
nEssIAS FLY.

The London News OF Sept. 4 has an editorial
on the appearance OF the Hessian fly in England
The name was given it in America it having
been introduced into Pennsylvania supposedly
in the straw used as forage by the Hessian
troops during the Revolutionary War. The
name given to this insect by entomologists is
eeeidomya destructor. The only English name
by which it seems IL be known is Hesslan n.y.
The News states that an insect resembling the
Hessian iy settled down in England in 1900
bat it proved not TO be this dreaded pest OF
American grain-helds. The probability is that
this insect will not severely seourge Great Brit
ain, since wet weather Is inimical TO its breed
ing In the United States ii does not breed
sufficiently to produce widespread disaster ex-
cept in rather dry seasons. The present season
has been favorable to IL, and In many localities
there has been considerable destruction from its
rayages. II the winter is favorabe-and the in
sect will stand any amount OF cold, dry weather
next season it may be expected to show itself
In force. In this country, however ii has many
enemies and parasites.
The insect ia the United States reproduces
twice in favorable seasons. The pupu In the
state it winters in resembles a small iiaxseed and
is found in the sheaths enyelOping the lower
joints OF grain and some of the grasses The
stalk Of Indian corn is one or the places for the
insect to hibernate, II has been seen in Indian
corn stalks a. high as the fourth joint. IL also
harbors in stubble, generally in the first aEd
second joints Also in meadows and in accu-
mutations OF trash about fences. IL suspected
all stubbes Of grain and Indian corn should be
burned off before blowing, and should be
meadows and also all trash where the insect
may be liable to accumulate. The Hessian fly
is destructive TO fall wheat, aud also TO all
spring grain. The English journal Is quite cor
rect in advising the burning OF stubble as prom
er in England, as IL has long known to have
been in the United States. 1t is not certain,
however, that blowing the stubblc under will de-
stroy the paper.
PROTEST FROM THE oLEoNAEGARISE MEN.
Some manufacturers OF oleomargarine have
protested to the Treasury Department against
the construction placed by the Internal Rev
enue Bureau on the seco2d section OF the act
The law imposes on "oleo oil, - "neutral, and
other articles of like nature, "a tax of the same
amount a. ia imposed on Oleomargarine 1t APP
pears that there are n number of firms engaged
in the manufacture OF oleomargarine whose bust
ness is to purchase and combine various ingred-
ents into the marketable article, and il the
component materials are subject to tax, as has
been held by the Revenue Bureau, the result
Will be 10 compel these manufactures to pay
double tax, as they are also required by the law
to place stamps on the finished article when
compounded. II is also stated that certain firms
are making large quantities of what is known
''oleo OIL" which is sold and used solely as
lubricant for machinery. II the strict construc-
ton already given 10 the law by the department
is adhered TO this material will also be INFECTED
TO the tax imposed on oleomargarine. The mat
ter is now under consideration by the Internal
Revenue Bureau. and it is believed that when
Commissioner Miller returns the construction
that has been placed on the second section Of the
act viii he modified 80 NJ to relieve the material
Of tax, Circulars have been sent 10 all Collectors
requesting information az TO the number OF
oleomargarine factories in each district, the
average production, and other information with
u view to adjusting the clerical force OF the
Of the bureau 60 meet the demands Of the busi-
ness when the act sha go into operation.