davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19

S901oto J00knnt.l
- Under these circums,... :.
belaooves every one interested in this rre., On.
ton to seriously consider aud determine G., ~
self which plan promises most eflec,ual,v ~ :.
cnmplish the Object at which 1. aims. and ~.
reached satisfactory conclusion, upsels,h,"s
labor for the desired end. We believe II /, =.
where claimed thai State prohibition doc. -.
ually prohibit. 1t Is admitted that even ., ~
States where prohibiiory laws have louge., -
vailed liquor may be obtained in almos, 80
town, and in many Of them without the .l;ga,...
restraint or concealmcnt In point on mi. .rs
jeci is the following from Methods, cle,vv,.--
now living in New Hampshire, which h.. -
Of the most stringent prohibitory laws OF a.
State in the Union. to wit:
DOES prohibtory legislation sion the AL. =,
liqnorr Such question wuulI provoLs
smile in any city or large town in New Ham
shire. All kinds OF liquors are sold without =
sttaint or fear. Saloons with public hsr. 10
upon the main streets Of the cities and a.
towns and in great numbers The law exerc;sss
no c0nstraint upon the saloon, except deed -
violence under the influence of LIQUOR sho.s =.
| the the community TO aroused action. Then ~
law is brought into use few men are arre.,.S
/ IOI tue uAeSdi safe, uuci q nominal sum which
is usually paid promptly, and the business zoe,
on as before The condition of Temperance -.
timent as related 10 the prohibitory law NAV =.
| inferred sOmew hat from the fact that in one ~
our most staid and reputable cities a vholes.Is
brewer with q large mandatory in the limit
| Of The city, was elected and now serves -
mayor"
| We do not undertake TO say that no instance.
of violation Of law do, or would, occur under
the system Of local option; but we do asser,
and believe We can give a god and satsfactorv
reason. to thoughtful minds, for its truth. thu,
fewer violations Of law. and greater number Of
convictions, pro rata, occur under local option
than under State prohibilory law. Local Cd
ton assumes and presumes consnf-asseat n,
theory Is, the majority rules and its support !,
popular opinion. The theory of State probibi.
tory law is enforced oelence, and its weakness X
an unconsenting, irritated, and therefore, rebel.
lious public sentiment Local option has the
moral support of the majority who petition and
vote for il; while State prohibition may. and
very often DOES, have the opposition Of the ma.
joriiy, who look upon the law as tyrant. and
the Indifference OF the minority AS 10 its cxecu.
ton and fear Of enforcing the penalties for il,
violation. Under these circumstances can II ex.
cite wonder. that under State prohibiory law
in the language of the New Hampshire preacher
"al kinds of liquor are sold without restrain,
and without FEAR"
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19

Col. r. w. Davis, an eminent law
yer of Palatka and Speaker of the Assem-
bly,, made brief call at the Journal Office
Friday last. We were glad to meet Col.
Davis and renew the pleasant friendship
begun when he was Reading Clerk and
the writer sustained the relation to the
Legislature of the State that Col. Davis
now does. His career is at once an illus
tration of what honest and wtll-directed
talent can accomplish and an incentive
to the upright, ambitious youth Of our
State.-SG.f0rd journal.
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19
Captain Commanding Compan
EXECUTIVE OFFICE.

EXECUTIVE OFFICE,
TALIAHAssEE, FLA, August 13, 1885.
Captain W. f. WUlianas Commanding Escam6ia
Rifles, Pensacola. Florida
DEAR SIR: Please accept for yourself and
your gallant company assurances Of my high
appreciation of the company's patriotic tender
of services communicated by your favor of the
10th instant.
Should the relations between our Government
and that of Mexico assume such character as
to render it proper shall with much pleasure
communicate to President Cleveland the alacrity
of the Escambia Rifles to follow the flag and dc
fend the honor of our common country
With sentiments of high esteem for your COM
pany and yourself am very truly yours,
E. A. PERRY
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19
Eager for the Fray. ,,

s The Escambia Rifles who recently went
to the front in the friendly competition
Of the encampment on Pablo Beach have
since shown that they are not mere holi-
day soldiers. When the speck of war
glimmered on the Rio Grande they were
prompt in action, reporting to the Gov
ernor ready for duty" anywhere, with
soIdierlike brevity. Here is the CORES
pondence:
ARAuRY EsCAMBIA RIFLES, }
PENSACOLA, 10Th August, 1886.
His Erceteney E. A. Perry, Governor Of Florida :
DEAR SIR: The issue between the q. 8. Gov
eminent and Mexico has called for the follow
ing action by the Escambia Rifles"
Resoloed, That the commanding officer be d.
rected 10 tender the services OF the company Ia
Governor Perry for duty-at his discretion
either within or without the limits OF the State
am, sir, yours very truly,
W. F. WILLIAMS
Captain Commanding Company.
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19

WASHINGTON, Aug. 18-There Is not the
slightest foundation for the statement that Sec
Rotary Bayard intends to resign. He has not the
least intention Of resigning. There Is no reason
why he should form such an intention. He il in
excellent health. Ii entirely content with bis DO
sition and has the implicit confidence of the
President.
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19

TEN CENTS will buy q copy of the
New Constitution, In pamphlet form, at the
FLORDIAN Office n
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1886-08-19

sumed in Belfast From midnight last night un
ill o'clock this morning rife fight was in pro
gress on Shank Hill road and Old Fall road
One person was killed and many were wounded
The town is seething. A dispatch from Belfas
says: A sectarian strife has occurred in de
plorable cold blooded fashion. Expert marks
men this morning conducted a rifle fight from
roof tops, chimney stacks and street corners
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
SHERIFFS SALE.

Tuos. B. FRENCH, SYND1c,
vs.. Inv. o.,
Mrs. MARTHA L. B1ossAT NO. '14i'
AND HUSBAND.
10Th Judicial District Court, Parish of
Rapides, La.
DY VIRTUE Of AND TO SATISFY A
ID writ of fieri facias issued and to me
directed in the above entitled and num-
bercd suit, have seized and will offer for
sale at public auction, in front of the
Court House door, In the Town of Alexan-
dria, La, between the hours prescribed
SATURDAY, the 10Th day of JUNE, A. D.
1885,
the following described property, to-wit
The undivided one-tifth (1-5) interest in
and to a certain piece or parcel of land
containing six hundred and twenty (62O)
acres, more or less, and the same interest
in and to all the buildings and improve
ments thereon, situated on the left des-
cending bank of Bayou Rapides, about
eighteen miles above the Town of Alexan-
pria, in the Parish of Rapides, La, boun-
ded above by lands of Mrs. P. Texada and
of j. c. Wise, below by lands of j. w.
Robert, and in the rear by lands of Mrs.
A. G. Boyce, and of the Wilkerson heirs,
the said plantation being commonly known
and designated as eden"
Terms of Sale-CASH, subject to ap-
praisement. D. G. PAUL,
May 10, 18S6-tds. Sheriff.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

THE editor of the Bossier Democrat is
firmly convinced that there is no chance
to defeat Congressman Blanchard for re-
nomination, if we are to judge from the
following, taken from his last issue -
Judge Manning, of Rapides Parish, has
been spoken of as candidate for Mr..
Blanchards place in Congress from this
District at the next election. We are not
acquainted with Judge Manning person
ally, though from reputation We believe
him to be an excellent gentleman, and
one whom the people of this Distri ct would
be glad to honor at the proper time and
in the proper way, but we have known
Mr.. Blanchard for number of years, and
with majority of the people of the Dis
trict, we know him but to admire him !;
and we hardly think that Judge Manning,
Sutherlin or any other man of the District
would be so blind as to allow their names
to 60 before the people, as his public life
has been one free of spots and blemishes,
and his course has met with the hearty
approval of a majority of the people Of
the District. The man who offers for
Congress against Mr.. Blanchard may as
well make up his mind to be slaughtered.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Frank Leslie's Sunday Magazine For
June, 1885,

Is especially noticeable for its numerous
rull page illustrations, some of which are
exceptionally beautiful. The Luray Cave,
in Page County, Va, is the subject of sew
eral fine cuts. A beautiful picture is re-
production of painting by Augustin
Lhardy, entitled Preparations for Day
in the Country" and a, number of con-
trasted scenes on the two rivers, Rhine
and Hudson, give some idea of the beauty
of these two famous streams. An anti
quarian interest attaches to the article on
the first edition of the "Pilgrim's Pro-
gress,' with reproductions of its quaint
engravings and a fac simile of the text. A
beautiful reproduction of one of Giaoo-
mellis bird pictures shows the helmet
crested humming bird and its nest. Many
other beautiful pictures fill the number,
while the literary portion is up to the
high level of this favorite family maya
zine. Published by Mrs. Frank Leslie,
Nos. So, IS and 81 Park Place, New York
City, N. Y.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
"Our Charlie"

We use the above words when ever we
apply them to the little ~ fellow whose
name appears in the subjoined paragraph,
and we do so with pride and pleasure at
the same time. Born and reared in Rap
ides it is natural that we should publish
all the good things said of him. His gra-
dual advancement in social circles is q
source Of joy to US, hence We publish the
following which plainly shows how he is
esteemed by those with whom he moves,
and we tell him to 60 on until he has
climbed to the topmost round of the lad
der of fame. The present was given to
"Our Charlie" when he attended the Con-
tinentals on their trip to Savannah, Ca:
Captain Drown was presented with an
elegantly curved orange stick, represent
ing Louisiana, in the shape of alligators,
pelicans and cotton bales. One special
feature of the stick was its appropriate
ness in size in accordance with that Of the
doughty Captain"
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Saved His Life.


Mr.. D. l. Wilcoxson, of Horse Cave,
KY, says he was, for many years, bad.
ly afflicted with Phthisic, also Dia-
betes; the pa;us were almost unendur-
able and woniI sometimes almost
throw him into commissions. He tried
Electric Bitters and got relief from,
first bottle and after taking six bot
ties, was entirely cured and bnd gain
ed in flesh eighteen pounds. Says he
positively believes he would have died
had it not been for the relief afforded
by Electric Bitters. Sold at SO cents
q bottle by Jacob Goiger.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Cure for Piles.

PILES are frequently preceded by
sense Of weight in the back, loins and
lower part of the abdomen, causing
the patient to suppose he has some
affection of the kidneys or neighboring
organs. At times, symptoms of indi.
gestion are present, aatulency, uneasi-
ness of the stomach, etc. A moisture
like perspiration, producing very
disagreeable itching, after getting
warm, is common attendant. Blind,
Bleeding and Itching Piles, yield at
once to the application Of DR.. Bosan-
quo's Pile Remedy, which acts direct
ly upon the parts affected, absorbing
the Tumors, allaying the intense Itch
ing, and effecting permanent cure.
Price SO cents. Address The DR.. Bo.
sanko Medicine Co., Piqua, 0. Sold
by Jacob Geiger.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
ESTRAY.

TAKEN UP BY c. C. WAINWRIGHT.
i on Red river, and estrayed before me
the undersigned authority, a certain
LIGHT RED BEEF, no brand visible,
marked upper bit and under bit in the
right ear, and upper split and uunder split
in the left ear, about four years old and
crossed with Brahma stock. Appraised
by C. o. Harris and John Clements to be
worth $40 in cash. The owner is hereby
notified to come forward, prove property,
and pay necessary charges, or he will be
sold in thirty days according to law.
w. w. WILMINGTON, JR.,
Justice Of the Peace, Alexandria Ward.
Nav 10, 1886-1t.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Important Decision.

Justice Poche, of the Supreme Court Of
this State, recently rendered decision
that will prove of general interest. The
suit being based on Sheriff's sale at
which the plaintiffs property, assessed
under another persons name, had been
sold. Justice Poche held that where the
property is assessed in the wrong name,
and tax sale is made under such circum-
stanses, the sale is not binding; and the
owner of such property can recover same
through due process of law, even though
the purchaser has paid for the property in
good faith and all forms of law have been
complied with.-[Shreveport Daily Jour-
nal 18th inst.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Southern Patents.

Mr.. II. N. Jenkins, Solicitor of Patents,
Washington, D. c., officially reports to
the DEMOCRAT the following complete
list of Patents granted Southern inven-
tors for the week ending May 4th -
Louisiana-Abram Steiner, Steney Point,
turning machine.
Texas-W. d. Lloyd, johnson City, cul-
tivator; A. w. Wright, Kyle, combination
wrench; E. S. Marshall and r. w. Savage,
Tyler, lubricant, from cactus plant; F.
Spccht. peterborough, single bracket !;
J. G. Wilson, .Brownwood, feed cutter
o. J. LaBauve, Edna, wire stretcher; J.
W. Kizziar, Lipan, smoke generator; w.
H. Ledbetter, Dallas, spark arrester.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Congressional Executive Committee
Meeting.

A MEETING OF THE CONGRESS-
II ional Executive Committee of the
Fourth Congressional District of Louisi-
ana, is hereby called to meet in Shreve-
port on the 7th of June, 1886, at IL o'clock
m. The members of the Committee are
J. M. Hollingsworth, T. J. Butler, w. P.
Ford, Thomas Hickman, F. A. Blanchard
j. F. Smith, James Jeffries, w. p. Sale,
B. F. Jenkins, Joseph Henry, NJ. J. Jones,
j. D. Watkins and A. J. Kelly. No men,
Der from Vernon appointed yet. Business
of Importance is to be transacted and
full Attendance is requested. The press
throughout the district are requested to
notice this call.
JIM. HOLLINGSWORTH,
Chairman Committee.
Shreveport, La, May 18th, 1885.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Miraculous Escape.


w. W. Reed, Druggist of Winches-
ter, Ind, writes: zone of my custom.
crs, Mrs. Louisa Pike, Bartonia, Ran.
dolph Co.. Ind, was long sufferer
with Consumption, and was given up
to die by her physicians. She heard
of DR.. Kings New Discovery for Con.
sumption, and began buying it of me.
In six months time she walked to this
city, a distance of six miles, and is now
SO much improved she has quit using
it. She feels she owes her life to it,
Free trial bottles at Jacob Geiger's
Drug Store.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Now Has Faith.

had been troubled all winter with cold
and pain in the chest and got no relief
from remedies recommended by Druggists
and Physicians. At the same time was
advertising DR.. Bosanko's Cough and
LING Syrup, had little faith but thought
to try it as last resort, now I believe ev-
on more than they tell me Of its curative
qualities From the News, Elizabeth
town, Ky. For sale by Jacob Geiger, at
the Eagle Drug Store.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Robert p. Hunter,
Attorney-at-Law,
Ofice-In the Big Orsborn Building,
Up Stairs, Cd Street,
ALEXANDRIA, LA.
SYNDIC'S SALE.

', n,. e. { :; ",".''' No. 'o,'.
10Th Judicial District Court, Parish of
Rapides, La.
PURSUANT TO A COMMISSION AND
J. order of sale issued and to me direct
ed by the Honorable the 18th Judicial
District Court, Rapides Parish, La, in
the above entitled and numbered suit,
commanding me as Sheriff and ex-offic,o
auctioneer, to sell for the payment of
debts, for cash, and in accordance with
law, the hereinafter described property, l
shall offer for sale at public auction, at the
front Of the Court House door, in the Town
OF Alexandria, La, between the hours pre-.
scribed by law, on
SATURDAY, the 10Th day of JUNE, A. D.
1886,
the following described property, to-wit:
The undivided four-ffths (4-5) interest
in and to certain piece or parcel of land
containing six hundred and twenty )620)
acres, more or less, and the same interest
in and to all the buildings and improve
ments thereon, situated on the left des-
cending bank of Bayou Rapides, about
eighteen miles above the Town of Alexan-
dria, In the Parish of Rapides, Louisiana,
bonded above by lands Of Mrs. p. Texa-
da and of J. G. Wise, below by lands of j.
w. Robert, and in the rear by the land of
Mrs. A. G. Boyce and of the Wilkerson
heirs, the said plantation being common.
~ known and designated as eden"
Terms of Sale-CASH, subject to ap-
praisement. D. G. PAUL,
Sheriff and cx.officio Auctioneer.
May 10, l866-tds.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Bucklen's Arnica Salve.

The best Salve in the world for
Cuts, Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Salt
Rheum, Fever Sores, letter, Chapped
Hands, Chilblaius, Corns, and all
Skin Eruptions, and positively cures
Piles, or no pay required. 1t is guar.
anteed to give perfect satisfaction, OF
money refunded. Price IS cents pei
box. For sale by Jacob Geiger, Ea.
gle Drug Store.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
From Mr.. Arthur Watson. who

From Mr.. Arthur Watson, who was
in Alexandria ON Monday, we learn that
the soiree given at Mr.. Frank Blanchard's
residence on Friday evening, the 14th
inst, was grand affair. He also told us
that Boyce had fine base ball club with
forty members. A picked nine from the
whole club would be hard to beat. AS
captain he is anxious to arrange match
with Alexandria, Shreveport OF Donald
onville.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
Proceedings Of Mass Meeting.
ALEXANDRIA, LA,

May 18th, 1886. (
At the Mass Meeting of the citizens
of Alexandria: La, held this day, to
take into consideration the appointing
of committee of gentlemen to act in
concert with our representatives in the
Legislature in the matter of the rebuilt.
ding of the Louisiana State Seminary
at its former site in this Parish, G. W.
Bolton was chosen President, G.. A.
Staples, D: Kuhnagle, G.. 0. Watts,
B. Turner, I. G. Miller, J. B. Ashley,
Julius Levin, N. L. McGinnis, Dr.. E.
b. Price, Jas. Andrews, J. J. Fergu-
son, A. Pettengill, A. Heyman, NJ.
Bloom, and John G. Clements, Vice.
Presidents, and W. W. Wilmington,
Jr., Secretary.
Judge W. F. Blackman being call.
ed explained The object of the meet.
ing and asked the concurrence and
assistance of the people of the Parish,
after which it was resolved that com.
mittee be appointed to draft memo
rial to be presented to the Legislature.
The Chair appointed the following
committee, viz: W. f. Blackman, j.
&. White, G. 0. Watts, B. Turner
and M. Ryan.
1t was also resolved that commit
tee of five gentlemen, with five alter
mates be appointed to go to Baton
Rouge to present the memorial to the
Legislature, when the Chair appointed
the following: J. c. Wise, chairman;
W. F. Blackman, Jas. Jeffries, j. G..
White, E. j. Barrett. Alternates-
G. 0. Watts, W. W. Wilmington, Jr.
Jas. Andrews, j. R. Thornton, A. d.
Hazard.
1t was resolved, that the following
committee he appointed to COLLECT
funds to defray the expenses of the
committee while absent: A. Hey
man, Julius Levin, B. Turner, l. G.
Miller, F. seip, c. j. Barstow, w. A.
Griffin. Jonas Roseuthal, j. r. Thorn.
ton.
The meeting then adjourned.
G.. w. BOLTON,
W. W. WRlrr1NGroN JR., Pres't.
Secretary.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

THE present spell of weather is
doing damage to the cotton crop, it
being too cold for so tender plant.
The oldest inhabitant does not remem-
Der to have ever seen it 80 cold dur
ing the month.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

We learn that a difficulty occur
red last Saturday night, on a little
boat that runs in the Saline Bayou,
and sells whisky and few groceries,
between a man named Rafferty, and
Thomas Johnson, in which the former
was severely but not fatally wounded.
We are informed that both parties
were drinking at the time.-[N atchito-
ches Review, 18th.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19
STATEOF LOUISIANA.
District Court - Parish Of Rapides

WHEREAS CHARLES M. WELLS
w has made application to this Court
to be appointed Administrator of the sue
cession of Martha l.. Wells, deceased, no.
tice is hereby given to all whom it doth
or may concern, to show cause within ten
(10) days from the date hereof, why the
same should not be granted.
BY order of the Court, Clerks Office,
Alexandria, La, this 18th day of May,
1886. C.. l.. RANSDELL,
May 10, 1886. D'y Clerk
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

In advance we speak for Alexan
dria as the place for holding the Cen
gRessional nominating Convention Of
the Foarth District.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

MIR. Sam Pincus, of Coushatta,
was in our Town the whole of last
week ON visit. He returned home
BY boat on Monday.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

III is said that at least forty per cent.
of the voters of Louisiana cannot write
their names, or read the tickets they vote.
What an absurd condition of things. To
say the least it is certainly deplorable,
and our Legislature soon to convene,
should look into it, as this character of
voters hold the balance of power and are
mere puppets in tho show, pulled hence
by the conniving demagogue.-[Caldwell
Waterman.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

Mr.. w. O. Dammon has very
literally agreed to repaint Father Me-
nard's residence, near the Catholic
Church, and not charge cent.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

CARLYLE says: cit is an earnest thing
to be alive in this world" TIE mother,
nursing a babe, when she has scarcely
enough red blood to sustain her own exis-
tence, life is a tragic thing. To such an
one Browns Iron Tonic is worth its weight
in gold. 1t enriches the blood and bless
es both babe and mother. For sale by
Jacob Geiger.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

MIR. John c. Ryan is absent from
Town. He is visiting friends and rel
atives in New Iberia and Opelousas.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

THERE will be an exhibition of the
colts of Manetbo, the horse of G. A. Sta
pies, in this Town, some time in July, of
which due notice will be given. Entrance
fee 81. All who own colts sired by this
Stallion are requested to enter the same.
Entrance must be made with G. A.
Staples.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1886-05-19

THE Lees, of New Orleans, who visit
ed Shreveport last year and defeated our
boys on the diamond, are again to the
front, and played game with the "New
Orleans" club on Sunday last. The Lees
won by score of 8 to 4. Rebenec, Pujol
and Mundinger are still with the Lees.
Oar base ball boys propose to down all
eomers this year. - Shreveport Daily
Times 18th inst.