The Hawaiian gazette., 1886-04-13
3awaiian Gazette.
TUESDAY, APRIL Is, lsss.
IN. F.mIly Frisvd.

Stove 10 derived from the Saxon SOFA. One
I these sources Of domestic infelieity, however
/ modified its form, 10 merely ahreplace irclosed
on all sides. the air entering from below and
carried IF a. in a common CRATE, by ven.
| The general principal is, hrst, 10 employ the
| fuel 10 the meet advantageous manner for beat
ing the external part Of the stove and, secondly,
to keep within the RON as much Of the air 50
warmed as 10 consistent with wholesnmeness
and cleanliness.
A h1ed stove (ssbd) was used in the time
Of the Roman Empire for heating baths, and in
Germany and Scandinavia for baths and hot-
houses. In the Middle Ages they were gen.
| orally constructed Of brick or tiles, sometimes
Of slate or steAtite (sOaPsloDe,) and used for
/ warming dwellings. They were huge stree
lures, sometimes occupying the whole side OF
a room, and in Scandinavia their bread, fat
surface was the sleeping place Of the house
| held. The IRE WAS kindled at the bottom, and
the heat and smoke passed through various
iues before reaching the chimney. These
stoves were economical Of fuel, matter Of
| much Importance in some parts Of Europe. In
lbe homes Of the rich they were sometimes
faced with porcelain or highly ornameuted
tiles Many wall remember, 20 doub,, porce-
lain stove Of this description exhibited IN the
Swedish department at the Centennial Expo
sision in 1876 They have ovens aud dues for
cooking, and need to be replsnished with fuel
bat once in tventy-four hours.
One Of the FIRST attempts at making stove
Of iron was that Of Cardinal Polignac in France,
in the early part of the eighteenth century.
The Poiiguac 6replaees, so called, were eou-
strueted with hollow backs, hearihs and iron
lambs to econouiEe the beat. In lie Or.
DesAugliers Of London, modified these fire.
places 10 use them for coal instead Of wood
But neither these nor the Holland stoves ever
became popular in England, owing to the
sIronS prejudice IN favor Of open fires.
Dr.. Franklin's stove, invented in lSI5, was
! great improvement on all that bad preceded
H. The principle Of its action WIS the same
a. the air tight stoves introduce many wears
later. Indeed, il would have been air-risht
had II been possible Al that time 10 make tue
castings sufficiently close-httiug. About HIS
Franklin invented several other stoves, among
them two for the buruins Of bituminOus coal.
One Of these had downward draught and
consumed lis own smoke; the other had the
basket crate or cage, with movable bars at the
top and bottSm. which after being filled and
kindled at the top, could be inverted, and SO
niSGe 10 burn a. the base. Between l7S5 and
1875 Benjamin Thompson Count Rumf ird)
etc, all intended 10 economic fuel and beat,
Previous to ls35 the use of stoves, generally
Of the box pattern and Of very rude construc-
tion, was coufned to stores, hotel barrpoms,
schColhouses and churches in the cities and
larger towns. Country churches were not
usually warmed, but the older women carried
their fcotstoves and the men protected their
feet with leather overshoes, "boses." In the
residences Of some Of the more wealthy city
families, camel and other English eral, gen
orally referred to al the time as sea coal"
was burned in imported CRATES or in Rumford
stoves lined with friedrich. A large number
used the Franklin stuve as an open fireplace,
burning wood in IT. The rest Of the world
used the cSpaeious, old fashioned fireplace.
The che1puess Of fuel, the cheerfuines Of an
open fireplace, and the great weight and rough
construction Of the stoves Of those days,
made the latter in but little demand After
the opening Of the Erie and Champlain canals.
the introduction OF river steamboats,, and The
beginning Of railroad travel, the facilities for
transporting heavy goods were 50 much in
creased that the manufacture Of stoves became
= leading industry. These were wood stoves, |
but anthracite coal, which was gradually CON- |
Ing into use wherever high degree Of heat |
was required and strong draft possible, was
destined TO create a revelation in the business.
The Fret attempts were failures, and If was
not until 1883, when Jordan L. Mott demon
strsted that an anthracite FIRE could be made |
from nut and PessiEed Goals, and established |
several other facts concerning the laws Of
combustion, that anthracite coal stoves became |
slleable. The first cooking stoves, manufac- |
tured in Albany, were of the old ten plate |
oval pattern, the oven above the FIRE. A des- |
cription Of the inventions and improvements |
10 stoves since then would fill volumes Il is |
nevertheless, if any one Of them can |
in cheerfulness or healihfulness with |
the old fashioned capacious ireplsces Of cur
Sranddaddies.-B0Ssca Globe.