New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1886-11-03
len, AEFE THE EARYa-

,IN SF1sE THE EARTH Il
Aspcientist s.ysi5is Very Hot There Oily Tor
70 Forty Nilesat Crust Betueea Us .asd tho
sOvens.
,fTalkn g saheut earthquakes, said
Prof. We N BeRthuysen to = reporter
for the View York Mail and cypress,
calls to n und q question which, Stand
ing alone !. .s6f startling significance
to the pc opsesof this continent. 1T is
one that has. been under discussion
for .alany' years, but | believe that
the ,prob lenn Was solved when the
shock DC curred.jn 1884. The partic-
ular place wheresthe earthquake ozigi-
mated affords LITTLE room for specEaar
tion. The main sact proved by that
shock was directly to the point that
the interior of thee earth is in q highly
heated state.
.saEheTe are: no i:facts to dIsproMe
F this assumption but many to support
Tat. IL it. is not in a fAuid condition Sc
I largely SIS to interfere with it's rigiditv,
(which isseounted eaz;al to ball oil
Eateel, this is said to,be because of the
I.great weight with which the exterior
tpresses taWard the aenter. Notwith-
! s5anding Ane fact already mentioned,
,a,ecooling psocess is steadily going on.
MISUNDERSTANDING that at has required
twenty,f We. millions Of years to ac->
qHsre it's present external form of solid
Atty, and that during this period the
maantains, were formed land the hol-
lowe and the seas made, by q sort OF
wrinkling Of f;ae surface rs the globe
| Of liquid fire sand heated gases con-
traeted to its:lresent shape. Accord
! ing to this idea. the solid crust of the
earth extends down frozn ten to
forty miles, tasere being beneath
that a greater or less thickness
OF plastic nlaterisl !, from melted rocks,
etc, ;under high pressure, while the
crust.Qf the, earth lis all the time in
high state of tension from the gradual
coolingtef the interior, causing cavi-
ties and allowing the superintendent
earth toeroWd dowRGloser to its heat.
ed core"
! Another theory ,propounded by tte
Professor, and one which admits Of
very little criticism, is to the effect
that the access of water, also by per-
collation. frona the earth's surface to
these subterranean ovens, it is thought,
may In some cases cause explosions,
dislocating ast,quantitie of material,
and perhaps by opening communica
ton with the stall hotter portion yet
! lower down, be the cause of some OF
the most destructive volcanoes. These
explanations, while being to a small
extent hypothetical, accord with all
that is known by acknowledged au.
thorities. Another significant point
is that they afford the best theory yet
4 advanced to account for the earth
quake which is now agitating the
lIminds of people all over the globe.
i'u'he geologist, waxing warm to his
subject, insisted that we have hard
ly made a pin-scratch upon the
cna2st of the earth. The further
We go down the warmer it sis. An
illustration of this is supplied in the
fact shat the artesian wells supplying
| the city OF Paris from depth ofnear.
~ l,&OO feet yield water of 80 degrees
Fab; and the lower levels of the Com.
stock names have an almost uniform
temperature of 100 degrees Fab. 1t is
estimated that the heat increases at
| the rate OF one degree for every fifty
feet, and this would give a tempera.
ture to nlsIt the hardest rocks in less
than ten nsiles On this theory the
present volcanic and earthquake re-
gions of the globe are located along
the axis of those supposed wrinkles or
corrugations from the contraction o.
the crust thought to be at present in
the state of greatest tension. Thu
most marked of these are down thu
east coast of Asia including the Japan
and Philippine Islands, and extending
to Java, where the earthquake o.
1888 occurred. Another also extendl
down the Pacific coast of North and
| South America, the manifestations 81
which have been very light in THO
northern part since the commence
ment of historic times, but of whose
presence in South America we have
had many striking proofs.