davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
Fertilizer for Oats and Corn.


]. want to contest for premium on oats.
What would he best fertilizer 10 Use; also,
what quantity per acre? Land rich bottom,
planted In oats last season.
. Have ten acres fine orchard want to
plant in corn ; what would be best fertilizer :?
--Su6Scri6er. -
ATswER-1. The largest crops Of oats grown
in the cotton States were manured with cot
ton seed, lG0bushels per acre. And we should
as soon risk them as any fertilizer to be had.
OF commercial or chemical fertilizers good re-
ports have followed in some instances from
the application of superphosphates alone In
athcrs from nitrate Of soda and Surcrphos-
pilates combined. If regardless OF expense,
as is preSunlabe in your case, we should plow
tn green cotton seed with the oats, and in the
spring, about the time the oats begin TO show
signs of shooting up, top dress with Il mixture
of fifty pounds OF nitrate Ut soda and one
hundred pounds of acid phosphate per acre.
II the o;,t are very deep green and flourish.
ing in the spriEg the nitrate Of soda might
be omitted. Over -manuring, with nitro
genous fertilizers particularly, Is liable to
produce ''lodging' or failing down Uf small
grain.
.. Phosphate and potassic manures are
specially called for by light sandy soils.
Both of them are also adapted to fruit trees:
especially potash. 100 pounds Of cotton seed
meal, 100 OF kainit and $50 Of acid phosphate
make u good combination fO" corn and trees
on such land az you describe. Double the
above quantities may be applied per acre II a
liberal lnanuring is desired.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
Ibal,t md the Law.

There is no more cruel master than debt
supported by the strong power of the law
The man who makes himself its slave enters
upon q Sprvitude Of sorrow. The loss of prop.
erty as 1t melts away under mortgages. and
the comforts destroyed by these reckless OBJ.
legations, bring great uneaslnes', apprfheh'
sion anc dis: reSs. Working to pay debts IN
iudiciUusiy incurred breaks the spirit Of q
man, destroys his hope and puts u shadow
over his whole life Debt Is Il dreadful curse.
How blessed to lie down to sleep, free from
its power; how narrowing t. try to sleep
haunt cd hy its horrible night mare. No man
has the right to presume upon the contingent
cirS Of the future, nor can he, honesty, ASK
Tor his neighbor's goods without unqueSlloned
reason to believe that they will be returned
or their equivalent paid. Debt is Il h,HtfnI,
serious policy; the true business principle Is,
not to want anything until you have the
money to pay for it. If your condition com,
p"ls you to want it, just simply get out o1
the condition. If money is needed to work
the farm, sell part of the farm and obtain the
cash to pay as you so. BY all means, we re-
peat, avoid debt
If, however, obligations must be entered
into, and there appears, and really is, no
means by which a mortgage can be avoided,
do net seek the cover OF IN lniqnitouS law
to avoid the payment of an honest Obligation
no law. however authcntatlrcly enacted ana
scrupulOuSly enforced, can annul contract.
in morals, that was based upon the clean. fair
honor Of the contracting parties. For q
country TO be prosperous, the coliection OF
debts can, hardly, be too stringent. Mch
should he hindcred by the terror Of the law
from doing Il double cvil-one to themselves
and another to their ncighbor, upon whom
they would impose. Lcniency, tempered
with that sympathy that always accompanies
fair dealings, should be extended to the un-
fnrtunatr and the laws should be so enacted ;
but, at the same time. so securely guarded as
10 prevent the evasion Of honest Obligations.
Begin now to practice economy and avoid the
distress of debt and you Will not fear the
penalty of the law.-iSOuthern Ctthirci0r
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
Is Religion Dpcayin@:
[Cdtk0lic Mi,rOr.]

We have observed y good deal Of discussion
lately about the decay Of rcllslon-the grow
ing linhclief of the American people. Those
who urge this view say, and say trucly. that
within the last thirty years the new theory
Of evolution has been seized upon as an cN
cySe for sweeping religion out Of the mind ;
that somehow the educated and the wcll-to-do
simply ignore the subject altogether, or else
treat it carclesSiy, rs they would some curious
work of the imagination, ~ novel ora poem,
They have no violent antipathy to revealed
truth, like the old inlidelS. While. they DO
not believe themselves they want other pco,
pie to believe, especially their women and
children. But in the clubs, at dinner parties
on the exchanges, or wherever men c0ngrcgate
they give free expression to their opinonS
they are agnosticS. Al! this is deplorable, no
doubt; hut ii is not so alarming us the alarm
lists would have us believe.
In point of fact. infdelity has proportion al.
ly decreased, when we consider the people rs
whole, in the United States. Eighty or one
hundred years ago it, permcatrd all classes ot
society; tO-:lay it finds expression only among
tired roteS of the town. Science has nothing
to do with it. Men who have devoted their
whole lives to nloncy-gctting, or the chatter
boxes Of light liternture-wllat do they KNOW
about scipnceo Not one Of them could tell
what evolution really meant.
Towards the close of the last century 1nb-
deity was more open and bold than 1t is now
Then it depended merely upon sharpness and
wit: and we know how dreary il appears now
To- day 1t bases itself upon false deductions
from scientific theory of cvOlution-deduc-
tions as shallow as they are false. Evolution
is only an excuse for nnbti'ef. These men
want to disbe!ievc. The trouble is moral. not
intellectual. They have waXed fat ana nave
kicked. just as the people did under the old
D:spcnS;lton. They are in II state of sin
they know it. and they think the easiest way
out of the difficulty is simply to deny the con-
why there is so much jaunty agnosuclsln
among the gathering Of men.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
79istakpS i'm Bee &cCE,iraS.

1t is mistake to invest very largely in any
business that yOu are not acquainted with
better post yourself thoroughly before COM
mcncinS.
1t is Il mistake not to feed bees before bios
SONS appear in the spring 10 encourage breed
Ing.
it iSa mistake not to have your colonies
strong at all SEASONS OF the wear
II is a mistake to neglect to put on supcrS
carly enough in the spring, II comb honey is
required for breeding purposes.
1t is u mistake not to use COMB iOundati0n
for by its Use we can always depend upon
strai ghlcr combs and greater conveniences for
handling.
1t is Il mistake to neglect to remove all full
boxes or sections as soon as properly scaled.
Bees sometimes soil them by travelling over
them with their dirty feet.
1t is Il ~ ),SiHlic not to supply an abundance
of room 1:,r them TO store their surplus when
honey is plentiful. Bees often remain idle for
want OF space tu store their treasure.
II is IL mistake to extract or take honey
from the bees too late i'll the season without
supplyin. them with more. II is cruel to rob
them and then leave them to StarNC.
II is Il mistake to visit the bees too often
during the winter: better have their winter
quarters 80 constructed that their condition
can br ascertalneu without disturbing them.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
Iecarin" Queens.

At the recent session Of the Union Bcc-kecp.
ers Convention at Detroit, ID. \. Jones, OF
Canada, gave his method of rearing queens
as follows: He builds up IL very strong col.
ony by giving it. chipping brood, getting the
bees as nearly as possible to the swarming
condition. but qucenleSS and destitute OF all
larvae under three days old, i. e.. with nothing
from which by any possibility aqucen cou Id be
reared. He claimed that IL larva has been
fed three days as II worker. it will not possess
the vitality it would have had if fed us Il royal
l:lrva, from the time of Matching. When
these conditions arc all present in the hive, lie
puts in new and tender comb, containing
fresh laid eggs, cutting Sits in 1t, SO that the
bees will build queen cells separate. and
which may be removed BY Knowing he cX.
act age Of an egg, the time Of issuing of
queens can he calculated almost to n crrtain-
ty The native bee builds few cells the italian
moro, and Syrian most of all. Bees having Il
dash uf Cypr;ln blood mingled with Italian,
will build many queen cells: rs many as CD
queens have been Obtained from one or these
gigantic colonies.
In Il small colony as soon as q queen en-
erges, she seeks for and destroys all hcrrivaS,
but in n large one 1t is different. If II cool day
gnard is kept over the queens, imprisoning
them, and they are fed through an opening in
the lit of the cell. These large colonies rear
in. queens and having only royal larvir, pay
the cells are sealed. build on to them until
they are immense. The value OF Il colony
depends largely, almost entirely, upon its
queen. 1t is plainly seen tina. Il queen reared
Under the condition named, must he very diff
lcrcnt from one reared in Il cool hive with less
food and few attendants, and in SO small Il
cell as to be scarcely distinguiShable from 9TH
cr cells. II a hive is opened when the queens
are under guard, it irightens them off and
Ihcy proceed to load up with honey, leaving
the queens to issue from their cells dt lbt"ni.
These young queens should be caught and
Gagged, and the cells counted. so rs to ascertain
if I'LL are secured, II they are not all caught
the hive ought to be removed, another sub
stitured, and the bees brushed from the
combs on Il sheet. some distance from the
hive; us the queens measure off the distance
with their long legs they arc easily dlSccrned
and can be Scrured.-!SONthcrn CHNipdtOr.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
The Garden.

Every home, with any land outside of its
necessary front and back yard, should have n
garden. No work done on the flrn pays bet.
ter returns than that put upon vegetable food
in the garden; not only IN the actual reduc-
tion of expenses for the food supply, but in
the pleasure it brings in the variety and album
dance of its wholesome products.
Vegetables and small fruitS-pOtatOeS,b beans,
peas, SuuaSheS, okrI, tomatoes, Strawberries,
rtspuerrieS and cnrrants-grown in the gar
den and furnished to the farmers table. fresh
and nicely prepared, will make a far more in.
viting board than can be found in the crowd
upon the stale vegetables and auutcrutCu
food furnished by INSCRIPTIONS groccrymcn.
The farmers home need never he without an
abundance OF wholesome food, If the garden
is we'll kept.
The spot selected for a garden should be
thoroughly enriched, well spahed In, broken
with plow and Subsoilcd. Thorough work
pays in Il garden and it should be we'll done.
Before plowiAg, Il liberal dressing of barnyard
manure applied broadcast and Thoroughly in
curpor,icd with the soil by repeated harrow
ing, will bring good returns. The manure, us
well rs the soil, should be thoroughly puver;
in the drill will do best when well mixed with
the soil before the seed are deposited. Heavier
crops may grow and do moderately well upon
soil badly prepared, but garden vegetables de-
to germinate because the land is left in clods
that prevent the penetration OF the light and
heat and hold, in themselves, the plant food
necessary to be given UP to sustain vegetable
life All seed require tC have the soil brought
into close contact with them by rolling, or
"tirmng" as it is called. This Is especially
true Of small vegetable seed. This practice
.aany gardncrs neglect. and then cry out
against the secdmen for furnishing damaged
seed, when truly the entire trouble occurred
in the bad preparation and failing to "trm"
the soil. If no better means can be used, 90
over the row Immediately after the seed are
covered and pack the soil upon them with the
feet; the termination and growth will be
greatly aided.
Before the busy season begins and the heav-
ier demands of the farm press for work, fix up
the garden and begin the vegetable and small
fruits to growing, and then draw upon their
abundance for Il Susienance that asks no re-
turn but your intelligent labor.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
Conditions OF Success ita Life.

In Il recent address before the Georgia State
Medical Association. Dr. Scdrcy stated that
the Physiological conditions OF success in life
depend mainly uron u vigorous. healthy a..
ton of the brain and nervous system. 1t fol-
lows, therefore. that the structural integrity
and functional capacity or the brain are mat
lerS Oi the deepest Importance and thcil
preservation and Improvement are Of vita
moment. The author believes that much
would bc accomplished. could we dlScove" ihe
ways in whiyh the brain capacity is increased
and lowered. The prol,lcM is most dclltatC
one. for up to a certain point the. rcceptirity
of the brain is directly proportional to the
strain a!r ally brought to bear upon lis csnac-
tiles. An even balance between the BRAIN
functions is an essential clement. the Supc'
rior man must have the ability, not only to
comprehend. but, in equal degree, to diicrinl-
mate; he must be able to select fora purpose.
Besides the ability to learn, IL man, 70 ne sue
cesSful, uectls the ;'Owcr to verify his learning
TO dednce his OWE conclusions, and - exc
cute his purposes with persistence.
! \ simply crudte l2al is not necessarily
successful On the contrary, he is often the
reverse !: perfect failure, for lack OF the saw
| ing virtue OF common sense. Th2 cAiEIcitN To
receive is of small value unless it he coupled
with an ability to adjust, arrange. ana lll'p;trt
| 1t frequently happens that man VINO IS SIM
| ply scholar and nothing else iS At an abSc-
| iutc disadvantage in the presence of an un-
| lcttercd man who is blessed with an inherent
excellence Of capacity in these departments
| OF brain action. One need not re educated 10
possess tIiS tltlt, tllouSll ~ IL tlc t,N'tt' vi
education to such natural gifts that brings
distinction. II is not an rSaggcratl0n TO say
that MANY q man OF eminence has had occi.
sion to envy his humber associates the pos
session of those so-callcd commoner merits
which wOuld have given his WI attainlncntS
Il greater availability. Nature apparently re.
uuires a certain amount OF the concrete tO
maintain mental cGuipOSc. 'Thr man who
can learn, reason, and execute with equal t;..
cilily possesses the elements of success, even
though his qualities be Of but an inferior or
der: while one who has amy OF these faculties
labnormaliy developed at the expense of the
others will always b" crippled by The absence
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
THE BEST OF THEM ALL.
sTarper's Magazine is without Il Peer
in this Country.

IT,yDpr & JIuy0=inc for March open with a
graphic description Of krupps %un-lnAkln
establishment 1T Essen, uy Muncarr ID. Con
way, effectively and amply illustrated. HE
Subjcct is one Uf exceptional interest because
this is the largest manufacturing cS!;luilSh'
l.cnt under private management III the
world. employing over 2I,G00 men ana owning
81 mines: because of the social features con.
nrctp,i with krUpp's provision for the com.
fort OF his wOrkincn :ind tor the education Ol
their children; and because the attention ol
all nations is now especially directed 10 NC
manufacture OF heavy ordnance The al tlciG
takes lis place naturally in the series b"gun
by M'Ciel,n' ) article on 1.-The Militia and the
Army continued in Sir Edward kredS on
The British Navy and to nc still further
extended in future contributions.
Miss Wrol. ol's novel. 'East Angels, now
approaches its conclusion: and The readers
interest is wholly absorbed in the heroic
character of Margaret. n purtltit OF the att
thor, printed separately on plate paper Is one
OF tie features uI this Number.
Edmun hike contributes an interesting
article on The city of Cleveland, which is
SumptuouSly illustrated.
{. II. Farhilain continues his Canadlan ar
ticie> with an entertaining paper on 'Iale
Breton Fulk,' beautifully ll:uslr!led.hy y. Il
FroSt-onr oi the cn@rarings, The opon-;ll
having the place OF honor us the
OF .hc NpmnGr; co,,,,i..,or.,
is the title of an interesting Crntr;u- Asian
sketch by William Simpson, with illustra'
tons BY the author.
..Shc StoopS TO Conquer, is continued. in
Guiding the FIRST half OI Act ", with more OF
Nj. Ahbry'S charming illustrations.
David k er, as ,hc Jesuit OF his recent ElSlt
to Africa, contributes u very instructive ana
valuable description OF the resources ana op-
portullitieS O! the thee great river valleys OF
OF The Nile, the Niger, and the
Congo. y good map accompanies Tie paper.
a series OF papers, especially interesting to
TIE owners of small holdings OF land, under
the title OF "rhe Home Acre. by T.. =. Eue, is
kegun in this Number
i;run(lvr Matthew's contributes clever and
pathetic short story entitled, Brici-as Wo-
mans Love-
Mr.. Hugh Da!ziers paper on Dogs and
their Mana gemcnt is :tS uSpfTil AZ ii is timely.
The author is Il recognized authority Oh this
subject
Mr. George William Curtis, in the ElitoT' s
Enyy (7t0ir, discusses American Opera, and
other subjects OF social interest.
Mr.. Howcil's ,Sudy for this month is devot-
ed 20 poetry.
An excellent Drd'"c, is introduced by Mr..
with some comments on "ThC New
England FarmpI.' On the whole the Num-
Der is one vi Unusual strength and atlractlfe-
ness.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
M'isnNt.

From the report of the Ohio Experiment
Station for 1884 we call some points about the
growing OF wheat. or two plots, one treated
in the ordinary way, the other SOwn in drills
and hoed twice between drill rows in spring,
the latter produced 467 bushels against 37.9 Of
the former or over p per cent. more.
The following general cuncluSi0nSare drawn
from several years trials "Early seeding
does not secure an early harvest. The same
variety SOwn under the same conditions Will
mature about the same time, whether the
seeding he done the first Of September or the
first OF October.
Wheat sown as late in the season rs 1t can
be, and still be given time to become firmly
and strongly rooted and time to develop
leaves SufiicicnS to cover the whole ground,
will best endure the winter.
The earliest Sown wheat usually has the
largest top and prOportiOnaly the smallest
root IN the latest sown wheat the root is pro-
portionally larger. This may bc reversed by
peculiariteS of soil and season. On poor soil
and badly prepared ground wheat should be
sown earlier than upon lich soil and II well
prepared seed bed
The effect of time of sowing upon root de-
! vplopment is n noteworthy and important
fact. Is there not similar result as regards
tillcrnG or stooing? DO not very early soWn
fall oats have Il tendency to shoot up one
main erect stalk instead of ti!lerng and
spreading on the ground: D.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1886-02-17
Stable Manure for COrn-.-EertiliZer
for Irish Potatoes.

!. wish to know how much stable manure
to apply per acre to corn, and how to apply
for best results the iii st season? ? My land is
red clay.
.. What is the best commercial fertilizer for
Irish potatoes, how much per acre &c. r.,
BrOwnSh0T0.
NSswER.-l. The quantity Of manure which
may be safely and rruti!ably applied varies so
much with character OF the soil, its prepara-
tion and previous TREATMENT, that IT. Is lnipos,
sible to answer yonr QUESTION directly ana
specifically. TO get the quickest c;urnS, that
is the greatest effects the first year, hill ma
nuring is best. Tho manure Is put In the drill
on one or 10th sides OF the grain ut planting,
or placed nea: and on opposite sides OF the
stalk Of corn when six to ten inches high W e
are inclined bOtil from experience and ieasoll-
ing to prefer the latter mode. Ohc OF the cI-
frctS Of ill-manuring is to cause clustering
or concentration of roots. Instead of long
roots ramifying in every direction In search OF
food, numerous short roots are crowted about
the manure. Two undesirable consequences
follow: the natural supply Of food dlflnSeu
through the soil is not appropriated so 1ully.
and the crowded roOts; drawing moisture from
Il circumScribcd spot, the plant Is more apt to
suffer from drought. Now, if the manure is
not applied until the plant is eight or ten
inches high, long roots vii already have pref
ty well occupied all OF the soil, aud those
which will reach the manure are the ranifl-
cations of the .'spur'' or "bracc' roots, which
naturally cluster about the stalk and are
short. The natural habit of the plant is not
varied, therefore, by manure arplleu III lnls
manner.
AS regards the quantity to be applied, land
well supplied with humuS, deeply broken and
kcrt in good tlth, will bear heavier applirl-
tons of manure than that in Opposite cnnd,-
tiun. Fair medium land would bear, say six
10 eight two-horsc wagon loads Of stable ma
nure applied in seeding IurrOw, ut first plnw-
ing. Make the furr0w deep, and cover the
manure well: otherwise it would do little
good In dry weather. You do not refer to it,
but we wolili suggest that lJ9 pounds of acid
phosphate per acre. added to the stable ma
iure, would increase the yield handsomely:
2. irish potatoes call for manure rich in
each of the three usual Ingredients viz: nitro
gen, pllosphoric acid and potash. PhOsp!lntcs
with The largest percentages Of ammonia and
potash suit them best. They should be large
iy diluted with woods mould or some other
like substance before application.