Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1886-01-09
SCIENTIFIC SKETCHES.

SCI ENCE, THE BASIS Or CIVILIZED Liz K,
BRoCaHT WITHIN THE VISION OF ALL
AS WHO WILL READ.
RetOyted Solely for the WesteyM Kansas
World.
LKFx TX THE DEnp.SRA. Perhaps nc
more remarkable additions to human
knowledge have been made during the
last twenty years than those pertaining to
the oceans, whose dark abysses have now
become comparatively familiar regions.
The physical features have been quite
clearly determined, while most surprising,
and until recently nnsuspected, facts con-
corning the life forms of the depths have
been revealed. The most extensive ex-
plorations were made on the British
expedition on the Challenger, which re-
turned home in 1876, after three and half
years OF investigation in all the oceans.
BY this famous expedition thousands of
new organisms were discovered In all
localities and at all depths I'D the sea,
and have been or are now being described
by specialists in all quarters of the world
There seems to be no part of the ocean
bed so deep, so dark, SO still, or where the
pressure is so great as to have efectually
raised a barrier to life in some Of its
many forms. Even in the greater depths
all the great divisions of the animal king
dom are represented. Descending into
the deeper waters. and proceeding further
eeaward from the borders of the CONT
nepts, species and the number of individ-
nails become fewer and fewer, till a
minimum is reached in the greatest
depths farthest from continental land. In
the adaptations of organisms to deep sea
conditions curious notifications have
occurred, such as the disappearance or
enlargement of the eyes, the elongation
OF fins and antenne, the increase in size
and decrease in number of eggs, and the
development of phosphorescent organs.
~
In new process introduced at Frank
fort, artificial photographic stones are
made by COMPRISING finely powdered
cement or carbonate of lime.
~
A garnet crystal weighing nine and
half pounds was lately found eight feet
below the surface of New York street.
*S*
DETERIORATION OF BoILERs.-In a late
paper read before the Scotch Institute Of
Engineers Mr.. Peter Carmichael stated
that all qualities of iron become hard and
brittle after service in boilers for more
than dozen years, especially where ex-
posed directly to thefire. In the furnaces
even she best iron becomes as brittle as
common iron in that time, and great care
has to be taken in making repairs to pre-
vent the plates from cracking. >, For this
reason sixteen 10 seventeen years is long
enough for boiler to be in use, at
pressure of forty to forty-five pounds. If
used longer the pressure ought to be
lowered In two boilers which had been
used nineteen years even the rivets were
- brittle that their heads few off On
Icing struck.
~. -
aPays1clAN. HEAL THYsELF" From
aieh. mortality statistics extending
= ) eonsiderable period, DR.. VIM. Ogle
HI thns Che death rate among clergy
- q lesssf than in any other occupation.
If the mortality for the three years, 1890
81 among ministers be represented by
656, that. among farmers will be denoted
hy 6Sl, among lawyers by 84l. and ply
sicinas By 1922. The high mortality rate
among the doctors is source OF alarm to
IA eminent medical authority, and is
regarded as denisnding the most thorough
investigation.
The NovEMbBE MEfroRs. . Reports
coBcerring the meteoric shower OF. No
venbcr q, 1886, place it in the first sank
sunorg such phenomena. At places
fnyorsble tor observation about one
snsteor per second or $500 per hour were
Sl,setved The appearance Of the shower
,ouoogx7ine to prediction confirms the
11kqiy HAT 6eoso stream Of metcoric1
+ travelling p the oflait q nc Lost