Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1886-07-01
THE OFFICE OF CARDINAL.
How They are Elected Their HntieS
and Position in the Church

II has been written that there were Car
diuals uf tine Church of Rome in the eighth
century. but in those days they did not
rpupri~, the senate Of the Church-itS
chief rulcrs-trorn which the Pop" is elect
r,l. ~ they nnow. II WIS P.mi ". VIII"
constituted the Roman Cardinals the per
mancnt Senate OF the Church in the six
tccuth century.
There has bccn much speculation on the
meaning OF the word Cardinal In Latin
II means hinge" but some incline to the
opiuion that its derivation is due t. caer,
or ear. from the Celtic, meaning a town,
and deIn-al, a hcld-deacOn-i G., the town
arCh-dcICOn.
The Cardinals had their origin IN the
',regionary dclcDns' lreOnI dtac0nll oil
Italy. who, in the early centuries OF Chris
tianity, had charge Of the poor Of Rome
ofau towns and cities.
SeNtus V. ,l5~5l fixed the number at
seycptv-the number at the disciples
namely. six Cardinal Bishops, whose dlo-
r,s,S are the six suburban sees of the Etcr-
nal City. viz. Ostia, Yellctri, Porta Santa,
Ralina. Alhano, PalestTina, Slhina; hity
learned priests, who take their titlcs rom
certain churches of Rome called 'tItuiar
churches" " over which they have JurlSdlc-
ton. and fourteen Cardinal DcaconS, VINO
an, placed over churU hes called dcacona-
rieS. This completes the Sacred College
of Cardinals. =.
North of the Rhone the title of Cardinal
WAS applied Ia every ecclesiastical rune
tiouary tcltricuS CardinaliSl OF the prrnel-
nal churches. and also WAS used To de>lS-
nate the highest dignity in Rome next To
that of Pope. but even then il WAS given 10
r,y,rit,S i'm certain churchsS-tO the titular
f,urfinnarigS. Paul ". restored the uSe
of the tide; Sextus V. fixed the number.
The three orders of Cardinals are dISunet
or,l.rs Of the Catholic hierarchy, excepting
tbe suburban diCeerS referred to. All the
C,rdinols are only Cardinal Priests and
De,eons Ii would be almost impossible
o.. srv npc 10 be a Cardinal Bishop who
5id not reside. AT Rome. For instance Arch
biSbop Gibbons h. hcCOme taruinai
Priest of the Holy Roman Apostolic C''ho-
ir Church, and Archbishop Of Baltimore
as the Late Cardinal McCloSkey was OF New
York. ~; 60
NV when hs attends st. Peters, when the
pine saws mass oF visits the church lrom
Which he takes his title is G;ssSoeS, scarlet;
rorbet. lace: cappa nlaguee. scarlet; mo,
zptto. scarlet; manteletto, berrctta anu
capellO, scarlet.
The eassock is the same rs worn by any
nrieSt excepting the color The ioeSet Is
mncb the same. The edPPd magad--or
a-rsst eloak-is only worn on state oec''-
SONS and the principal festivals, 1t nas q
IoD,, train of from six to twelve ieet' Wheh
Extended il is held by young men OF ooys'
Who ans called edaadieri-train-be bearers.
When the ceremony is over the tram,
I,oarar tw;rls the train ronnd and
ronpd and round into q coil, ana IL Is
booked under the left arm Of the CARDINAL
"'TNNr In n nrocessions in st. Peters, Rome, a
Cardinal IS accompanied also by his Esq aiFe
in civil dress, Witha clock ana s~olu. a:l
The ,.Ippa magma is made CT iine wool
f,r winter and silk for summer. Is nol
,vor nwish the manteletta or nj a q. ihe l!l
lat.er - ,sohe- 81 90 t,.<'a,z
,n ~ ktesl y Net 8 q. s. xxx.
'sI ( ~ n e 81 <'''H.