The Arizona champion., 1886-02-06
CENTRAL ARIZONA.
Climate, Soil, and oductions. "A Gene ral Answer to Many Injuries Relative to this part of Arizo;a.

5000 tO I,OoO iCCl dOOFC lle sea, with here and there a peak rising to an heighth of from 9,ooo 10 I3, 1000 feet. These higher elevations, situ- ated with remarkable regularity throughout the central portion of Yavapai county. are local and con- stant source of moisture to the adiac- ent parks and foothills, from the blankets of snow that cover them dur ing six to eight months of the year. During the open period of the winter months and in early spring great bo- dies of water flow from these vast snow beds, 10 be swallowed up at last by the unsuitable sands of the distant plain.
 A new era is dawning in regard to the water supply of Arizona, Tn the construction of artifiCal basins and system of dikes that will be used to catch portion of the escaping waters and it will eventually be hoarded up and used with the s;me economy and care by which we slbdue and bring to our aid any other useful element.
 The annual rain, full begins in the month of June and lasts until Sep tember. It comes in gentle showers and with admirable "egularity, stimu. latinL q wonderful growth in re markable short period oftime. Wheat, rye, oats, barley and mIllet are grown without irrigation, yielding an adun- dant and profitable crop. Corn is successfully grown in the valleys and bisins below an altitude of 6,ooo feet. Ali kinds of root vegetables flourish aud grow 10 enormous size and are Of excellent quality, commanding price m the "home market" that to an Eastern or Northwestern farmer would seem fabulous. Although Io,oeo pounds of potatoes per acre is but an average } field, such Is the local demand from our 0djicent mining camps, saw mills and railway towns, it has never been supplied by the home production. Cultiva, tlon is not required, and no other labor be. oynd the preparation of the soil. pianti 2 and gathering, is bestowed up,n the crop.
 THe eatire couhtry is sinsularly fret from farm weeds and obnoxl puS growth that are the bane Of the Eastern ha, idmiu. There IS growing demand for hay. and many ranch. m n fni il more prolitabls tu utliza theIr gro ying crops for that purpose by cuItiIlg and Guri z II before the gram Is fully injured.
 All that portion oi lhe grIa, plt eau above 6,ooo feet IS covered with magnificent forest, of pine, with teryening glldes0 of mountain parks and praries, Grazing IS the leading industry of the northern portion of YavapaI county. The water supply Is limited, and rigid economy will beIeqlired Tn the future. The scncily Of water in Ariz ma is al pres snt safeguard against our ranges being oyerrun by herds from the crowded ranges 0f other localities
 It is esentially a country for the poor man or the stock grower beginning lie with mod. crate means. The springs and tauks afford. ing permanent water he miles apart, giving supply in each place sufficient for small blnl of from 100 10 800 head of stock. Around these water supplies lie hundreds of S1uue miles of nutritious mountain grasses, any ten acres of which is capable of keeping one animal throughout the year. By the con ,,ruciion of the artificial basins and dIses be. fore rcferredto to. water may bs saved aud uiil ized in proportion 10 the demands of the in crelsinI herds. The beef ani matton from this seoti ,n commInl advanced prices in the mukeis of the adjacent clties. Our animals arc not only marketable but ii prime condi- tion during the year.
 The Atlantic & Pacific railway runs central. ly through this section east and west, and the compiny own alternate sections of land. They offer special induceme Is 10 Capitalists or coloncs requiring large blocks Of land, and 10 net in thls section dispose of quantities less than 1000 acres. The remaining lands are subject to homestead and presumption rights. The plst two y-ars show percepti. ble increase in the filings and settlements of these G ,vernment lands, bu, as vet they are practically untouched,
 The pine forest of this section is Go miles wide and in length extends beyo d the limits of the territory referred 10 m this article As whole il is larger thlu the State of Mary land, and an g afeeaple revelation to the trav- eIer who, in Leeping with the popular b-lief ol our eastern neig bors, imagines l.. cross lnR ATlICDd EG ls abOul " htaNStSc and sandy waste.
 The lumber product of the one great saw mill Ill all these piteries finds ready market in old Mexico. Southern California and New Mexico, with inccea>ing local de. mand. The railway towns and principal markets of this section are Holbrook, Wins. low, Flagstaff, Williams and Ash Fork. The relative merits o( these towns need no, here be discussed, being about equal in importance and each peopled with energetic, hospnable and progressive citlzens.
 Schools, churches and social amusements prevail. The interest manifested in all mat. ters pertaining to social progress is perhap, greater than in eastern towns of like numbers.
 Aside from pulmonary complaints among those not acciimated, there is no sickness. Fevers and all forms of mIllril diseases are unknown. ArIE )na's least need Is doctors.
 The southern aid central portion of Ydva pal county is rich in mlneral.bedrlng ledseS and placer gold fields. Recent discoveries in Cataract gorge, north of the Bill Williams mountain bid far to rival in 'me respects some of our older camps. Dur z the sun mer season persons visiting the Cataract re- yions may procure 'oulft," and had the place accessible from either Ash FJr., Will iams or Flagstaff. The lack of proper ma chinery 10 treat the ores of this section is al present the greatest draw bick to inning interests. No mning country of like area can sh such uniform valu. in all ore pro- ,iucts as this portion of the territory. and the an, runt oi ores now beng shipped to distant works for treatment should be substantial proof that reduction works capable oi treat Ing. the refractory ores of our mineral bearing localities would be profitable investment for