The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1886-03-02

ing, with its machinery and fittings COM
plete, will be 100000, an important little
sum to be considered by the Anti Treaty
men, and which would not have been ex-
pended in San Francisco or the East but
for our sugar production and the terms of
our treaty with the United States. Direct
ly and indirectly, through shipping and
handling sugars, coal, bone black, barrels,
sacks, manufacturing, hauling freights,
and many other sources, it is estimated
that the American Refinery gives employ
ment to at least 5000 people This does
not include the thousands who are en-
gagged on the Islands in the manufacture
of the sugars. 1t was at first anticipated
that the refinery would have been in full
working order by January LIST. But
THE CAUSE OF THE DELAY
Rests entirely with the Union Iron Foundry
of San Francisco who had contracted to
build and deliver large vacuum pan on
the 18th of December. Castings have been
made which have resulted in failures, but
this pan, which is IA feet inches in di-
ameter and 25 feet high in the clear. will
be in position by the end of this month
1t will have capacity of 100000 pounds
of sugar a day, which is equal to 1440 bar
rels of $50 pounds each Excepting the
pan house, which of course, cannot be com
pleted or rooted over till the pans are in
position, the whole buildings are ready for
work, save a few little and comparatively
unimportant finishing touches The delay
has been exceedingly annoying to MI.
Steele who cannot be held responsible for
the failures made so frequently, unexpect-
eddy and unusually by the Union Iron
Foundry. In addition to the vacuum pan
already mentioned, two copper pans each
S feet 6 inches in diameter and of daily
capacity of 100000 pounds, were ordered
IN the East and arrived this week There
are also two vacuum pans in the old refn-
cry building which are respectively 9 and
10 feet in diameter, in the clear, and have
capacity of $1,000 and $1,000 pounds of
sugar at a strike or 100000 pounds day
when working from eleven to twelve hours.
This gives total vacuum pan capacity of
more than 100000 pounds daily. 1t has
often been considered that the largest
vacuum pans are the best, but Mr. Steel's
enquiries in Eastern reineries led him to
conclude that such was not the case, The
only advantage that can be claimed for the
large pans is a slight saving in the number
of sugar boilers and possibly more unifor
nifty in the quality of the sugar manufac-
tured, especially for soft grades which can
be better handled in large quantities. For
granulated sugars the smaller vacuum pans
are decidedly the best. The new pan house
with its three new pans will have capae
ity of 10000 pounds each strike.
THE OTHER MACHINERY
Has all been obtained with view to
efficacy and economy. In the basement
of the old building there are two, new,
large Worthingion pumps and three small
er ones. The former are connected by q
sixteen-inch pipe, and will be used for
supplying the new pans. There is one
main engine of 150-horse power which
drives all the granulators and centrifugals.
There are also five smaller engines which
can be used as required for running other
parts of the machinery; one of these, IN
the new building, is of 25-horse power and
runs the elevator and machinery for sack
washing There are IA centrifugals, 81
and "a inches in diameter. in the old
building Six of these, in the old build
ing, are for white sugars, and eight for
yellows, and they now make 800 barrels a
day. The new centrifugals are the latest
out, and of these the refinery has just adj
ded 10 Of Hepworth's of 30 and 40 inches
diameter, and 1t has been proved that a
40-inch one will do as much work as 81
Or 60-inch centrifugal, without the ex-
penditUwe of so long a time in starting OF
the necessity for so frequent repairing.
There are also Ia boilers IN the two build
ings. There are three granulators, with a
capacity of from IS to 100 barrels an hour;
two of them are in the new building and
one in the old There are also two cube
machines of a total daily capacity of 60,
600 pounds, or $50 barrels each. The
whole of the machinery has been obtained
of the latest and most improved descrip-
ton with a view to economy and efficiency.
Further than this. Everything has been
built with a view to possible future
changes in the system of refining sugar,
Superintendent Burr saying that he be
lieves, in ten or fifteen years, there will be
an entire change, and that the new system
will obviate the use of filters This will
be the result of the experiments in sugar
refining that are being made in Germany.
That there are differences of opinion is
shown in
THE FILTER TANKS.
Those in the American Refinery are OF
wrought iron, five feet in diameter. The
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of ten feet diameter and it is held that
the former are great improvement over
the latter There are one hundred filter
tanks in the new building and fifty in the
old one The bone black is imported from
the East, chiefly st. Louis, 1200 tons last
ing for a couple of years, according to the
ordinary methods of refining and the
grades of sugar required. The bone black
made in California is of very trifling les
ser cost than the Eastern commodity can
be laid down for and is much inferior in
quality. 1t is used, perhaps, as many as
800 times in the year, and reburnt every
three days in the large kilns that are I'M
der the filters. There are II compartments
that hold 200 sacks for straining the i'm
purities. The juice is pumped first of all
from the melting house to the blow up
pans in the top story of the old building
There are three of these pans, each OF
which holds 5000 pounds of sugar. From
the blow up pans it passes to the sack fiji
tiers where the mud and scum is removed,
thence into square cast iron receiving tanks
which are screwed below and act as a res
ervoir for the charcoal filters. There are
two large heaters, each of which will hold
pan full of sugar. In the drying room
at a temperature of 135 degrees we saw the
preparation of the large cubes, "tittlers''
for the Mexican market Four of these
loaves weigh $50 pounds and they are in
great demand in Mexico on account of the
great convenience of packing them on mule
back One hundred wagons full of yellow
and soft sugars were standing for the grain
to form. Barrels We're being filed, ma
chinery doing all the dumping and settling
of the sugar in each.
OTHER FACTS AND FEATURES.
Good sugar cannot be made without good
liquor, hence the superiority of the Hawai-
ian sugars over the Manila, which is moi
so we'll dried, is more crudely mapufac
tured, is too gunmy and full of impuri
ties. The sugar is put up in packages tc
suit the markets to which it is shipped
The loaves for Mexico have been instanced
Some first grade graduated sugars are
put up in sacks with white cloth lining
for shipment to the mountains or the
mines in Utah and Montana. All the bags
are made at the Oakland Cotton Mills
and are to be strong and durable. Othel
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