davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
Cooking in the Public Schools.

Last summer Mrs. Hemenway intro
duced cooking into the vacation school
which she supported in the Starr King
school-house on Tennyson street, Bos-
ton. With the consent of the com
mittee, she fitted up kitchen in the
basement, with admirable arrange
ments for class work. The results of
this were so encouraging that it was
agreed by the head masters and the
committee on manual training in the
schools to continue the cooking school.
and place it, like all other instruction,
under the control of the masters.
There are two teachers in this school
one trained in the Boston Cooking
School, the other young English lady
who has taken the full course of in
struction in an English cooking school.
In each class are fifteen girls, from thir-
teen to sixteen years of age; they are
selected by the master of the school to
which they belong, but there is no COM
pulsion. Cooking is an elective study,
but it grows in popularity, and they are
fortunate who can attend the cooking
classes. The lessons are three hours
each, in the regular school time.
Among the pupils are eight girls from
tllc llol tiCt Mail II DCllOOl LOT Dedl MuIpS.
where they have been taught visible
speech, or reading from the lips, and
they find no difficulty in following what
the teacher says. They are in four diff
ferent classes, two in each class, and
get on as well as the pupils who can
hear. Nothing that is called miracle
is more wonderful than the instruction
of the deaf and the blind. 1t is notice
able also that in each class there is at
least one colored girl. Ten classes a
week, with fifteen girls in each class,
give result of three hours a week to
each of one hundred fifty girls. The
course is twenty lessons, well arranged,
and the teaching includes taking care
of the kitchen, clearing away the dishes,
securing the tins, the bread-pans, tables,
ETC., and leaving the place and utensils
in perfect order for the use of the next
class
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
agricultural.
T. H. HOSkINS, m. D., Editor,
Newport, Vermont.
Neither Libeler nor Theorist.

The Ne,c England Homestead copies
our recent remarks on the Dutch cattle,
known nowhere except in America by
the name of " Holstein," and not
brought from Holstein, but from their
native Holland. 1t heads the article
" A Libel on the Holsteiu-F resians, :"
and adds:
We think DR.. Hoskins is gravely in
error in some of the above statements.
1t is true that many cows of this breed
yield thin milk, but they possess grand
and sterling merits, or they would not
have become so remarkably popular as
they have in such comparatively short
time. We propose to thoroughly in
vestigate the adaptation of this breed
to the rough farms and cold climate of
Northern New England, and if the
verdict agrees with DR.. Hoskins' the
oretical opinions, or emphatically dis
agrees with them, we shall have per-
formed an important service to our
practical farmers who find it so necessary
to invest only in the stock best adapted
to their wants. We therefore call upon
all farmers and breeders on the cold
and rough farms of Northern New
York and New England, including
Berkshire county, Massachusetts, to
favor us with brief statement of the
facts learned by their own experience
with this breed. We particularly wish
to hear from those who have given up
this breed after experience with it.
The editor of the Homestead calls our
statement libel, calls on its readers to
furnish the facts to show whether our
theoretical opinions " are true or not,
and then puts in claim in advance for
doing an " important service to prac-
teal farmers " if its readers back up
our libel" We submit to an intelli-
gent public whether, in that case, it is
not the WATCHMAN, rather than the
Homestead, which will have done the
" important service, Or is nothing
ever known until the Homestead knows
it? Our theoretical opinions " are
formed upon a twenty years. knowl-
edge and observation of these Dutch
cattle and their grades. We know of
no practical farmer that has attempted
to breed and keep them for dairy pur-
poses who has ever been able to con-
vince his neighbors that they are profit
able stock on our hill farms, either for
the dairy or for beef. Rich breeders
and importers in New York and Penn
sylvania have been booming them for
years, but where are the, Holstein "
butter or cheese diaries to be found?
The breed is no novelty. 1t has been
known in Vermont for over sixty years.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
Farm and Garden Notes.


THE best use you can make of your
money is to pay your debts.
POTATOES contain about one-quarter
as much solid nutriment as corn, weight
for weight.
SULPHUR and old tobacco leaves
burned in the poultry-house-the house
being closed perfectly tight-will clean
out the red lice.
THERE is no occupation in which one
may so constantly see and realize the
presence of an overriding Providence
as in the cultivation of the earth.
FINISH harvesting and secure the
money for it in your pocket, provided
you know how to make good use of it.
POULTRY thrives best on light, sandy
soils. The reason is that the rains
carry off the filth by teaching it down
below the surface, scattering it and
lesscning its effects.
THE latest crop reports from the
great potato-growing sections indicate
a probability that the prices of potatoes
this year will advance far beyond the
figures reached during the last two or
three years.
AN hour per day would send you
!, 81 in,
years. Think, for a moment, of the
history, travel, biography, science,
poetry and general literature comprised
in that number of volum es.
THE mistake has often been made of
cultivating land too deeply in excessively
dry weather. We have injured a corn
crop quite Enthusiastically by such deep
cultivation after the roots had nearly
filled the entire surface soil.
THE local grange, like the local
church or other social organization
will be just about what the members
make it. The grange does not greatly
change the natural character of man
or woman, but it trains the members.
To throw meal dough, mashed po-
tato or any moist feed upon the ground
or upon a board, where the feet of the
fowls can trample it, is not economical.
Enough is saved by the use of a feed
ing trough to pay for it in little while.
THE village of Brockport, Monroe
county, N. Y is probably the largest
market for beans from first hands in
the country. AS many as 1877 900
bushels have been sold there in single
season, all the product of neighboring
farms.
If your nursery stock has become
somewhat dried during transportation,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

wood is cut into fine bits by the saw
is in itself no objection; in fact, it is
an advantage, for Z" chip manure {"
is much worse to propagate fun
gus and vermin." And yet every
body seeks for woods earth " to use
as constituent of potting mould, and
what is woods earth but rotten wood?
But it is thoroughly rotten. AS to saw
dust for bedding in stables, we have
used it most profusely for twenty years,
and on field crops have never seen any
thing but good effects from it. Mixed
with the soil, spruce sawdust rots very
quickly, and entirely disappears in a
be washed out from the soil or distin-
guished under the microscope. But
sawdust of hemlock and hardwood
does not decay so quickly. When heavy
dressings of fresh sawdust manure are
plowed in, the abundance of cut-worms
and wire worms e. vermin y will
mark the spot, and on heavy soil, or
even on light one in wet season,
fungoid growths will attack vegetation
growing there. On the benches of
propagatng house, with its bottom heat
and moisture, the evil from the use of
such manure would be immensely in
creased, and " damping off, stunted
growth - and 'lack of vitality -
would indicate the incompetent stupid
ity of the propagation, who in using such
manure would simply show that he did
not know his business. The slower the
decay of the crude vegetable matter of
manure (be it straw, sawdust, or the
partly digested food of animal dung),
the longer it should be composted be-
fore using on the propagating or the
potting bench, or in hot beds or cold
frames. Unfortunately, great many
men who pass themselves off upon un-
skilled employers as gardeners" are
densely ignorant of the elementary
principles of science as applied to gar
den work, and the more ignorant they
are the more ready they are to lay the
blame of their own failures to the ma
nure, the sand, the loan, the water, the
fuel, the furnace, the house, or anything
rather than to their own thick-headed
ignorance.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
The Potato Rot.

A correspondent of the Gardeners
Monthly, vouched for by the editor as an
expert, claims that the disease s of the
potato come from the immense strain
to which it has been subjected in the
shape of gross feeding, high cultivation,
unnatural treatment, and all the greed
of the exacting cultivaior with his de-
termination to have the " last pound of
flesh" The writer thinks that if we
were to treat in a similar way any other
like kind of vegetable that is propa-
gated by the bulb or tuber-such as the
tulip, the hyacinth, or the narcissus-
pretty similar results would follow. " In
fact all vegetables and animals, when
pressure is put upon them like il is
upon the poor potato, must, like riding
a free horse to DEATH finally succumb
to its treatment; for all ought to be
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
Invisible Cream.

A writer in the Rural NeW Yorker
makes the following pertinent query,
which we commend to the attention of
our friends of the Homestead:
Will those apostles of the Holstein-
Fresian breed who keep talking and
writing about the unchurnable butter
fat or richness " there is in their
milk which, because of the minuteness
of the butter globule, as they allege,
will not rise when the milk is set for
Dreaming, but, which they allege, is
utilized when the milk is devoted to
cheese-making, explain how it comes to
pass that the Massachusetts official
chemical analysis of Holstein milk yields
only 1929 per cent of fat, while the
Massachusetts Jersey milk yields 4.34
per cent? The story about there being
elements in milk that vanish in the
hands of a chemist and butter-maker,
and materialize " in the hands of a
cheese-maker, is good d" hap-doodle "
to feed fools with. Square honesty is
the best policy. If neither a common
churn, nor a chemist, nor an oil test
churn can make butter fat show up "in
" common scrub proportions in Hol-
stein milk or cream, how metallic is the
" cheek that assumes that in some
charmed way it puts in an appearance in
cheese!-as though rennet had more
than mortal power to evoke something
out of air, to abstract something from
nothing!
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
Tomato Recipes.

TOMATO CATsUP.-Slice ripe toma-
toes; to each gallon put two tablespoon
fuls of salt. Let stand over night.
Rub through sieve; measure the
liquid rubbed through. Boil down to
one half Let stand until cool: then add
cayenne pepper, cinnamon and cloves of
each one tablespoonful. Bottle, leaving
space in bottle to put one tablespoonful
of good vinegar
Picked GREEN ToMATOEs.-Tak
any quantity that you wish aud put them
in salt water three days. Take them
from the brine and soak them twenty
four hours in clear water. Slice into a
jar; pour boiling vinegar over them;
season TO taste with cloves, cinnamon
and red pepper. Let them stand in
this vinegar two weeks; then drain it
off and put enough cold vinegar on
them to cover, and more red pepper.
They will keep sixteen years. Nice for
spring use.
TOMATO CHOWDER. - One-half
bushel of green tomatoes, one dozen
onions Cor leave them out if preferred),
one dozen green peppers-all chopped
fine. Sprinkle one pint of salt over
this and let stand all night drain off
the brine, cover with good vinegar and
cook one hour; then drain and pack in
jar. Take two pounds of brown sugar,
two tablespoonful of cinnamon, one of
allspice, one of cloves, one of pepper.
half cup of ground mustard, one pint
of grated horse-radish. Vinegar to mix.
Boil this and pour over the contents of
the jar.
DRYING ToMAToEs.-The tomatoes
are allowed to remain on the vines I'M
til they are quite ripe, when they are
picked and pressed into bags made of
coarse cloth, which allows the pulp to
pass through, while the seeds and skins
are retained. The pulp is then spread
out thinly on cloth on boards or shallow
dishes and exposed to the sun to dry.
When it has become quite dry, it is
broken up fine or ground and put into
boxes or bags and sent to market. 1t
is largely used in soups, but much of it
is employed as we do tomatoes pre-
served in tins and other cans. When
used it is soaked for a few hours in
warm water and then cooked in the or
binary manner.-Fdrm and Garden.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

PICKLETTE.-Four large cabbages,
chopped fine; one quart of onions,
chopped fine; two quarts of vinegar or
enough to cover the cabbage; two
pounds of brown sugar; ground mus
tard, black pepper, cinnamon and celery
seed, each two tablespoonful; alspice,
mace, pulverized alum, each one table
spoonful. Pack the cabbage and onions
in alternate layers, with little salt be-
tween them, and let them stand over
night; then scald the vinegar, sugar
and spices together, and pour over the
cabbage and onions, Do this three
mornings in succession. On the fourth
put all together over the fire and let
them boil five minutes; when cold, pack
in small jars or cans. 1t is fit for use as
soon as cool, but keeps well.-Fdrm and
Garden.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

A WRITER in the Rural Ne,o Yorker
says. Every boy and every girl ought
to have a good friend. Most people
naturally pick out chum.' That is
IA good plan. Such friendship teaches
us lessons in generosity. The selfish
people are those who never knew what
real friendship is, and so cannot see
how pleasant it is to do things for others.
There are too many selfish people in
the world now. They make the very
air about them sour and blue. Pick out
your own friends. Those that other
people may select for you will not be
half so true
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

impressed with the important lesson
that if we break natures laws we GER
tainly shall, sooner or later, have to pay
the penalty" This may all be true;
but if it be culpable in a farmer to
raise as large crops of potatoes as he
can, how is it with other crops? As for
ourselves, we do not believe the above
quoted theory will bear investigation.
Potatoes rot under poor as well as high
culture, and we have been assured by a
good authority that disease affects even
the wild potato, at times, just as the
black-knot affects the wild cherry.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
advertisements.
Rheumatism

10 Is an established fact that Hoods Sar.
saparilla has proven an invaluable remedy
in many severe cases OF rheumatism, effect.
ing remarkable cures by its powerful action
in correcting the acidity of the blood, which
is the cause of the disease, and purifying
and enrching the vital fluid.
IL is certainly fair TO assume that what
Hoods Sarsaparilla has done for others IL
will do for you. Therefore, II you suffer
the pains and aches of rheumatism, give
this potent remedy fair trial.
A Positive Cure.
"I was troubled very much with rheuma-
tism in my hips, ankles, and wrists.
could hardly walk, and was confined to my
bed a good deal of the time. Being rec
commended to try Hoods Sarsaparilla, 1
took four bottles and am perfectly we'll
1 cheerfully recommend Hoods Sarsaparilla
as one of the best blood purifiers in the
world" W. +. WooD, Bloomington, III.
For Twenty Years
have been afflicted with rheumatism. Before
1883 found no relief, but grew worse. then
began taking Hoods Sarsaparilla, and it did
me more good than all the other medicine l
ever had" II. T. BALLOON, Shirley, Mass.
81 suffered from what the doctors called
muscular rheumatism. I took Hoods Sar-
saparilla and am entirely cured" j. V. A.
PRoUDFooT, letter carrier, Chicago, ILL.,
We shall be glad to send, free of charge
to all who may desire, book containing many
additional statements Of cures by
Hoods SarsapariIIa
Sold by all druggists. 81 six for So. Made
only by C. 1. HOOD 81 CO., Lowell Mass.
100 Doses One Dollar.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

THERE is no rational motive for either
extravaganza or covetousness. The
hoarder heaps for others and the
prodigal soon scatters what others have
heaped, The hoarder thinks so much
of the time TO come as to forget the
present; the squanderer has his thoughts
so taken up with the present as to neg
lect the future. The first acts as if he
was never to die, and the last as if he
had but day to enjoy.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

some others, but to show you that our
home seedlings are much better than
no apples at all. What can do with
my Fameuse trees to keep the fruit
from spotting? l also send three other
apples; can you name them?"
REPLY.-One of Dea. Hitchcock's
seedlings is very large, early, yellow
sweet apple, of the very best quality. If
the tree is hardy and productive, it is a
most valuable acquisition. We should
like to know more about it. The other
two are handsome apples of full medium
size, and of the Greening type. Neither
of them are ripe enough for testing, but
they look as though they might have
value, if the trees are hardy and good
yielders. Nothing can be done to pre-
vent the Fameuse and its Canadian
seedlings, such as st. Lawrence, McIn-
tosh Red and Fameuse Sucree, from
spotting. We hear that they are spot
ting (even on Montreal Island so
badly this year as to be largely I'M
merchantable. But Michigan has pro-
duced Fameuse Seeding which is
very much like its parent, but seems en-
tirely exempt from spotting. 1t is
rather larger and flatter than the true
Fameuse, and less round, being a little
angular or five-sided, but in color and
flavor it is true Fameuse, even little
better than the original, and the tree is
quite as hardy. We are so pleased
with this apple, which is called the
Shiawassee Beauty, that we shall plant
it hereafter, to the entire exclusion of
its parent. Neither are strict iron
clads, and we find that it pays to top
graft them into varieties that are, such
as Tetofsky and Duchess, or even into
thrifty crabs.
OF the three apples sent for name,
the spotted red one, with its fine, white
flesh, is evidently Fameuse seeding
c. the woods are full of them ", but it
is sweet apple. We have seen quite
a number of sweet Fameuse seedlings
in Canada, and generally they are, like
this one, nice dessert apples. One of
the others we should take for SCOTS
Winter if it were not sweet, and the
third we cannot even guess at. They
do not appear to be of much value. We
suggest for the deacon's big sweeting
the name of ''Sweet Melon" for it has
a true musk-melon flavor, such as we
never noted in any apple before. We
are much taken with it, and if the tree
is all right should consider it bonanza.
lron-clad sweets of fine appearance and
high quality are very scarce.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
Fruit for Essex County, N. Y.

George w. Bunker of New York
city writes: 81 have summer resi-
dence at Keene Valley, N. Y, and
wish to ask you to name few pears
and grapes such as you would select as
adapted to the vigorous climate of Essex
county. Also please name a reliable
nurseryman who will supply them"
REPLY.-John w. Bailey of Platts-
burgh, N. Y, is a long-establshed
nurseryman, the originator of the Adj
rondack grape and other good fruits,
and may be relied on to supply plants
and trees suited to Northern New
York As grape-vines must be COW
cred every winter, hardness is not
essential, but earliness is, in that sec
ton. The best early grapes are Brigh-
ton, Moore's Early, Salem, Adirondack,
Eumelan and Delaware. These will all
ripen in Essex county in ordinary sea-
sons. In regard to pears, we doubt if
any varieties can be depended on as
entirely hardy far from the lake shore.
The hardest standard varieties are
Onondaga, Clapp's Favorite, Grand
Isle and Flemish Beauty. AS soon as
the newly-imported Russian pears have
been tested it is probable that others,
even more hardy, can be added to
tho lief
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29

THE MISSES BRIDGMAN, graduates OF the Mon
roe School of Oratory and Dramatic Art are pre-
pared to give instruction In yoice-culture. expires
sion gesture and rendition, They will respond to
calls for associations, lecture courses literary and
church societies. p. o. address. Hardwick, Vt.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
Orleans County Seeding Apples.

A. G. Hitchcock, Westfield, VT,
writes: CT send you these seeding
apples, not thinking they are so good as
some others, but to show you that our
home seedlings are much better than
no apples at all. What can / do with
my Fameuse trees to keep the fruit
from spotting? / also send three other
apples; can you name them?"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-09-29
100 Doses One Dollar.
MUSICAL QUERIES

Occur to every musical person, whether professional
or amateur, pupil or teacher. 1t is wise to have at
hand standard books, like those of DITSON Il Co,
so that every question may be answered.
Semi-weekly south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1883-1889, 1886-09-03
The Casky Mission Meeting.

The Circle Mission meeting al
Casky, Saturday and Sunday was
largely attended and an interesting
programme carried out. In the alb
sence of Vice President, DR.. Clardy
Rev. Mr.. Dagg presided over the
meeting. The following subjects
were discussed:
Cuban Missions by j. T. Barrow.
The Gospel as remedy for social
evils, by Rev. j q. Kendall.
Woman's work in the church
opened by Rey. Mr.. Dagg, and dis
cussed by others.
The perpetuity aud influence of th'
bible by Rev. w. b. Walker,
A well prepared essay on an edu
Gated ministry was read by j. G
( Mctcalfc, pupil of Georgetown Col
lcge.
Rev. j. T. Barrow preached a very
able sermon on Sunday taking TO
his subject, Missionary work of St
Paul. These interesting meetings ar,
held quarterly. The next meeting
will be held at Olivet church, Oct. q
and 81.