Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1886-12-10

}. In such manner ns 10 prevent their ever cngaf
1 thcm for murder. Fort Piclcns having bee
4 selected as o safe place OF confinement, all tn
adult males were sent thither, and viii be close
Q ly guarded as prisoners. In the meantime tn
!, residue OF the band, who, though still remain
Ing upon tho reservation, were regarded as un
safe and suspected OF furnishing aid TO those or
(. the wnr.path, had been removed 20 Fort Mn
rion. Tho women and larger children OF th'
| hostiles were also taken there, and arrange
mcnts have been made for putting the children
, OF proper age In Indian schools.
or coast dcfonscs and fortincntions the Pros
. idcnt says the dcfcnseloss condition OF our sea
! md the work laid out by tho Board on fortncu
tions is delayed In default OF Congressional leg
islation. The absolute necessity OF our prcpara
tion for ,eflcctual resistance ngainst nrmore,
ships and steel guns which may threaten us II
, so apparent that he hopes effective steps will b,
taken In that direction ut once.
The condition OF our navy, rs shown by tn,
report OF the secretary OF that department
should challenge the earnest attention of Con
gress. The production In the United States o.
arnor and gun.steel is question which II seems
necessary TO settle Mt nn early day, II the
armored vessels are to be completed with those
materials OF home manufacture. In the event
that the present invitation OF the department fol
bids to furnish such OF this material as is now
authorized shall fail to induce domestic manu-
iacturers 10 undertake the large expenditures
required to prepare for this new manufactures
and no other steps are taken by Congress at its
coming session, the Secretary contemplatos
with dissatisfaction, the necessity of obtaining
abroad the armour and the gun-steel for the uu'
thorized ships. II would seem desirable, the
President adds. that the wants OF the army and
navy In this regard should be reasonably met
and that by uniting their contracts such induce
ment might be offered rs would result In secur.
ing tho domostlcatlon OF these interests.
Postal service AFFAIRS showed marked and
gratifying Improvement during the past year
the increase in revenue is in u gaining ratio over
the increase of cost, demonstrating the sum.
cheney of the present cheap rates of postage,
ultimately to sustain the service. The differ
cnccs with certain ocean steamship companies
were terminated by the ucquescence of all in
| the policy OF the government, thus anording n
service generally adequate to the needs of our
interior.
The question of establishing ocean postal scr.
| vice to Brazil and the Argentine Republic is
commended to the consideration of Congress,
| and the suggestion is offered that, as distin-
| guished from grant or subsidy for the mere
benefit OF any line, whatever outlay may be re-
| quircd to secure additional necessary and proper
| service, should be regarded as within the limit
oflegittmate compensation for such service.
The President indorscs the recommendation
| of the Attorney General for the erection OF u
| pcnitcntury for the confinement of prisoners
| convicted in United Suites courts. He consid-
ers Y matter of very great Importance which
| should Mt once received Congressional action.
| More than one Of these institutions might be
erected and by employing the prisoners in the
manufacture OF articles needed for use by the
| would be realized, In partial return for the out
lay OF construction, He also indorses the rec.
change In the Federal Judicial system to obvi-
nte the delays necessarily attending the pres
| ent condition OF affairs In our courts.
| or Indian affairs ho says the present system
OF agencies standing alone is inadequate for the
| accomplishment of an object which has become
pressing in its importance, the more rapid trans.
| ition from tribal organization to citizenship of
| such portions OF the Indians Us are capable OF
civilized life, and hence the necessity for d sup
Elemental agency, u commission OF six intelli
with the management OF such matters of detail
as can not, with tho present organization be
properly and successfully conducted. The time
| President Congress-.
| work of such nm agency.
The influence and the protection of the uni
versal laws of our country, the recommendation
| of the Secretary of the Interior and the Com
| missioner of the General Land Ohlce looking to
| the better protection OF public lands and of the
public surveys, the preservation OF national
forests, the adjudication OF grants TO States and
corporations ana of private land claims and the
Increased efficiency Of the public land service
are commended TO the attention OF Congress-
To secure the widest distribution OF public lands
in limited quantities among settlers of residence
| and cultivation and thus make the greatest
numbers of individual homes, was the primary
object of the public land legislation in the early
| days of the republic. This system was a simple
one. i commenced with an admirable scheme
of public surveys by which the humbest citizen
could identify the tract upon which he wished
to establish his home. The price of lands was
| placed within tho reach of all the enterprisng,
industrious and honest pioneer citizens of the
country.
1t was soon, however found that the object OF
| the laws was perverted under the system of
| cash sales from q distribution of land among
| the people, to an accumulation of land capital
| by wealthy and speculative persons. To check
| this tendency a preference right OF purchase
was given to settlers on the land, plan which
eliminated in the general preemption act OF
| 1881. The foundation of this system was actual
| residence and cultivation. Twenty years later
| the homestead law was devised TO more surely
place actual homes in the possession of actual
| cultivators OF the soil. The land was given
without price the sole condition being residence,
| improvement and cultivation. Other laws have
| followed, each designed to encourage the ac.
| nh Nm ont nd ~ Of in init uhi al
quantities. But in later years these laws
| through vicious administrative methods and
| under changed conditions of communication and
| transportation, have been so evadcd and vio-
| lated that their benefcient purpose is threat
| ened with entire defeat. The methods of such
evasions and violations are set forth in detail in
| the reports of the Secretary OF the Interior and
| the Commissioner of the General Land ONCE.
| The rapid appropriation OF our public lands
| without bona iidc settlements or cultivation,
| and not only without intention of residence but
| for the purpose of their aggregation in large
holdings, In many cases in the hands OF for
| tention of Congress. The energies of the land
| department have been devoted during the pres
| ent administration to remedy defects and cor
rect abuses in the public land service The re-
suits of these efforts so largely in the nature
| Of reforms in the process and methods OF our
| land system as to prevent adequate estimates,
| but II appears by compilation from the re-
ports OF the Commissioner of the General Land
| Onice that the immediate effect in leading cases
which have come 10 n final termination has been
| the restoration to the masses of public lands OF
2,7JOOOO acres, that 2,31O,00O acres are embraced
| in investigation now pending before the depart
ment or the courts and that action Of Congress
has been asked to effect the restoration of 2,iOO
| 900 acres additional, besides which 4OOO,UO
| acres have been withheld from reservation and
| the rights of entry thereon maintained.
The Department Of Agriculture, representing
the oldest and largest of our national industries
Is subscribing well the purposes of its organiza:
| tion. BY the Introduction of new subjects Of
| farming enterprise and by opening new sources
| of agricultural wealth and the dissemination OF
no info mott tnV mr. ~ M
prices 1t has contributed largely to the countrys
| prosperity. Through this agency, advanced
thought and investigation touching the
subjects II has in charge, should, among
| other things, be practically applied TO the
home production at low cost of arti-
| cles OF food, which are now imported from
abroad Such an Innovation will necessarily, of
course in the beginning be within the domain OF
intelligent experiments, and the subject In
couragement from the government The inter
| est OF millions OF our citizens engaged in agri-
culture are involved in an enlargement and i'm
provement of the results of their labors, and
Jealous regard for their welfare, should be
willing tribute to those whose productive re-
turns are main source OF our progress and
power
The existence OF peuro pneumonia among the
cattle OF various States has led to burdensomc
and In some cases disastrous restrictions in an
important branch OF our commerce, threatening
TO affect the quantity and quality OF our food
supply. This is n matter of such Importance
and OF such far-reachinB consequences that i
hope II will engage the serious attention of Con-
gress, to the end that such II remedy may be ap-
piled MS the limits OF constitutional delegation
OF power to the General Government will per-
nit. / recommend to the consideration OF Con-
gress the report of the commissioner and his
suggestions concerning the interest intrusted to
his care.
The report of the Commissioner OF Pensions
contains detailed and most satisfactory exhibit
OF the operations Of the pension bureau. During
the last fiscal year the amount OF work done was
the largest in any year since the organization OF
the bureau, and II has been done at less cost
than during the previous year in every division.
ON the both day OF June 1886 there were 365i03
pensioners on the rolls OF the bureau. Since
1861 there have been 1,0lS.T5 applications for
pensions filed, OF which 1854 were based upon
service in the war of 1872. There were G2l ,i5i of
these applications allowed including Co. 78 TO the
soldiers OF 1872 and their widows. The total
amount paid for pensions since 1861 Is SDS62f,.
Sil.57. The number Of new pensions allowed
during the year ended June 30, 1886, was 1OS57,
q larger number than has been allowed In any
year save one since 1881. The names OF 2229
pensioners which had been previously dropped
from the rolls were restored during the year,
and after deducting those dropped within the
same time for various causes net increase
uinu for hn nf