New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1886-11-22
TgE DUBLIN CASTLE SYSTEM
HOW LOCAL GOVERNMENT is CARRIED On
IN IRELAND.
TIVE SYSTEM EXPLAINED BY THE IRISH LOYAL AMI
PATRIOTIC UNION

THE SYSTEM EXPLAINED BY THE IRISH LOYAL AM
PATRIOTIC UNION.
JoypoS Nov 2l.-A "Sketch OF the freseh.
Evstcm of the Methods of Procedure OF the io'
Go, ernment in Ireland the latest puoncauo. |
Che Irish LOYAL and Patriotic Cnon' conp.S
records what is called the dublin N"s'i' ~ ~. |
..wh;cb is simply another way of saying tha' 'ro
,s, par,ian,ent governs AMI directs the whole
rolitical system Irish or British, all anais oeine
arranged by authority delegated from uie supi'in'
assembly, The pamphlet says: .
The local system here differs from the Ainc,iO"n
.rstor, thus. In the United States regulations
have grown as it were from oelow' wihio 'i''
British and Irish regulations have oranched GOWN
ward from above The system in America orlsih-
ated in townships AMI small local oooies' "h'
the States and ultimately the Federal system gre"
yIero bowever the Imperial Parliament Is inc
most important feature. BY the delegation oi Ito
MOWERS local bodies have become possesscu VI '
isdiction: theI efore all such bodies In hcisii'
the creatures or the creations OF ac's Oh "r
The G an Jury system which originally PaioooN -
the cha, actcr of a local institution, has mao le
'.ov.or foehioncd and directed by Parliament The
game appcs to municipal and un on government
II tho United States however, in the Development
of local life, tie requirements OF inc momeh' n"
been met by arrangements considered inc moe'
suitable.
The local government OF Ireland is classed unoer
four heads namely, county administrator 'o"n
adm nistrati n union administration and harpors
and drainage, etc, administration lhcsc aie
managed by boards The union is the most I'M
nortant. and its representatives have frequently
been increased while the county has seldom re-
ccived new powers. Indeed, many county mat
1ers have been transferred either TO the union VI
Imperial exchcouer during the last hat ceh'oi'
The county organization however. surpaSses 'hc
union in antiquity extent and amount OF taAa.ioh
The local authorities in the counties are d-
into those managing fiscal Affairs and those LOCALLY
administering Justice. The fiscal powers are ''ie
Grand iuries and prescntment sessions. 1he 1an
grand iulics and the pescntnent SESSIONS Inc
Grand Jury is the principal body IL is ap oheu oS
the sleriffs for each assize from too lreehoiueis
or f1OO leaseholders of the country, and must
not exceed twenty-thr members lho present
ment sessions ale either baionla or county al ID ee
sessions The baronia sessions are composed oi
ates and the highest cesspayers OF each par
onv The county at large sessions are composed OF
n smaller number of cess ayers and any masls-
trates desiling to attend These sessions deal "i'
expenditures for the bencht of the oaiony anu
works chargeable upon the entire county, ric-
sentiments when adopted by the scsSlChS arc een'
ON TO the jury, who haze no authority 10 Initiate
expenditures but almost absolute contro' over
. ,h;uds ~ the prcsentments sent them on be-
half of the county -atarge. If an application lot
prcseptment is twice refused by the sessions the
applicant may appeal to an assne ludge, WIZ 1
would refer the matter TO an ordinary Jury sl tha
ultimately to the Grand Jury. One fourth OF lle
money presented is for hospitals, CHARITIES, Ic a3
ment of Coy nment loans etc. these pay meme t
are made obligatory on the Ulanu jury ~ oil "0'
The chief magistrate of a county is its LORD
Lieutenant, who IN large meas1Ie 9 iotires etc
The High Sheriff is the representative oi 'he soy
sen each sSs fS%n'y iaW Conducts on ts' party party
eIec,,ons selects the Grand Jury, ETC. He is ap-
pointed annually. The County Co1Fs % 1Ioye; ran So o
c,tnr and the clerk of the Petty Sessions are al so
associated in the London Government & Inc of inca
"overnment was created in 1888, when the Piincn, .
ME adopted was 10 take as centre the cnIea 'I"n %
md each port attaching thereto III the % IIia ;,+ u
s+S su T1tbin n radlus or ten miles, the only limit
helnr that no town aad mlght NC ul'lueu- ,or
the townand unit Ireland is the same ao tlie p,' @
;n ny t in FoTond the exclusion of the latter pre-
~ rnnncd INTO electoral divisions, each be-
,n@ cbrceabIe Tor the support OF paupers residing
therein four years out of the hve previous os
to receiving rclet; III IL nn1eS tneS az nav ~ whole.
h,cS 80 sn,norts pau per lunatics the blind. etc
Outdoor relief is u large measure charged Oh Inc I
eiect ,r division. The administration OF OooI laT
a'Iof thronghout Ireland Is directed aud governed
NV bodv appointed by tho Nlceroy ana slyeu ,lc
81 ocal Goyefnment Board. which fixes the IumDer
Of elected guardians IN each DIVISION ana aso 'no
qualification of the candidate. A., ,;or 10 tho
The chief local auth rlty OF the unlon rs tio nc
Roard of Guardians, which holds meeting weekly s
and is composed partly OF elecied anu pd pa,uiS VI
ey-officio guardians. Ihe quallncalon Ioi
shin varies from f6 to ESQ ANIMAL property Valuei
with the average about f20. Both OccupleIs ahu
owners are eligible. The ex-ofici0 members Mn9
are JUSTICES residing IN the unlon are NOT aiioweu
70 exceed in number the elected members dls Cullc
Inittees consisting of guardians ana tatepay els @
disc0arro various functions. Each union
has staff of paid officers elected Dy tne re,
guardians but subject 10 veto Vi ~
movaI by the Local Government Do5iu'
me latter NAV in case of default summary u>-
nIss Guardians and substitute vice or paiu guar
dams. ..o o,o oiso mn.
In addition to the foregoing there are aso ,I nu-
picinal authorities as Mayor. Aldermen ana Dui
pesses in tine twelve municipalities OF Dup Ill., DO.
fast Cork LImenck. Londonderry, WaterIOrq'
KILKENNY Drogheda. Wexford. Slgo ana SIohmcl'
Wnile these have SPECIAL corporations OF lhel U" -
called municipal councils, several otner towns ai9
Governed in similar wav. but ON less auVahceu
scale by town commissioners Other tomn WI "n- an.
fhorifies are High SherlAs of towns, VINO are ap,
poInted similar to tho Sc of counties aud norougu
MAGISTRATES appointed by the LORD Chahcelloi. ~
Ireland municipal councils aud town commssio!n. on!
ers take the place of the Grand jury IN counVlees
leyving rates for lighting and cleaning Tue sreeVS
etc. as ,oooi royernment in
Ireland Owing to the diversity IN the system
which mark the arrangements IN the Culleu t ottoe
If wond be impossible to draw strong ana periec
contrast between them and the Irish systems