davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
Che gonltry Nard.
THE EGGS MUST BE MADE.

The hen involuntarily produces
the egg from the materials con-
sumed, but nearly the whole egg is
composed of water. That is, if an
egg be burned to ashes, the water
and volatile matter will escape and
leave but a small amount of mineral
matter. But there are other sub
stances than mineral matter, for
although the white of an egg con-
tains over 81 per cent. of water,
there is also II per cent. of albumen,
which must be made only of sub
stances in which albumen is con-
tanned. To feed a hen we'll, and yet
allow her no food containing albu-
men, is to deprive her of the power
Of producing an egg. This albumen
is derived principally from meat,
milk and the gluten of grains, while
the large amount of water in the
egg indicates that it must be supplied
literally. The yolk also contains a
large amount of casein and albumen,
but the fat and oil in the yolk
amounts to about 80 per cent. Corn
is the best substance for producing
the yolk, but as nearly all feeding
substances contain fat it is not absO-
lutely necessary to give corn, es-
pecially in summer, when the hen
does not require so much assistance
in heating her body. 1t is plain,
then, hat the egg is a substance
that must be made, and from only
certain kinds of materials, or the
hen will be useless. 1t also explains
why the hens should be fed on a
variety, as the eggs + composed OF
different elements, and to provide
only those materials which are
needed is economical, preventing
waste, and enabling the hen to more
completely perform the functions
for which she is intended.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
REST.
FATHER RYAN.

NV feet are wearied and my hands are
tired, .
My soul oppressed
And | desire. what | nave long desired
Rest-only rest.
IT'S hard to toll, when toll is almost vain,
In barren ways:
IT'S hard to SOW and never garner grain.
In harvest days.
The burden of my days is hard to bear,
But God knows best:
And l have prayed, but vain has been
my prayer,
For rest-sweet rest.
It's hard to plant in spring and never
reap
The autumn yield:
It's hard to till, and when It's titled to
weep
Ger fruitless field.
And so | cry, a weak and human cry.
So heart oppressed;
And so | sigh, a weak and human sigh,
For rest-for rest.
Myway has wound across the desert years,
And cares infest
Ny path, and through the flowing of hot
tears
pine for rest.
And | mrestless still twill soon be DER:
For down the west
LIES sun is setting, and see the shore
Where | shall rest.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
HOW TO KEEP HORSES
HEALTHY.

While the blowing season is on us
every farmer is rushing his teams
and the animals become heated, and
are liable to drink too much water,
"and have collie or cool too suddenly
and take cold and have a cough,
which frequently goes into horse con
SUMPTION To place every n on
his guard against neglect of animals
in the spring, we copy some sugges-
tons made by J. E. Russell before
the Board of Agriculture, Boston:
GAS a rule the horse requires about
two per cent. of his weight in food
daily, a 1,OO0-pound horse eating 20
pounds, which should be half hay
and half grain, lessening the guam
tity when standing idle. The horses
stomach being the smallest known
to comparative anatomy, he should
have his three meals a day. Do not
feed a horse as you would a COW
with her series of large stomachs
designed for storing away surplus
IOOu. odUS arc UOO IICUIC appreciates
by horse-owners. Corn is not a nat
ural food for the horse; it is too fat
tening, and a fat horse is not a use
full horse. The street car horses Of
Boston are we'll fed and last better
than the average horse on the farm.
Thirteen miles is about the extent Of
a days work for a horse that is in
harness seven days in the week, and
the car-owners have learned this and
do not try to exceed it. Any man
who attempts to make his horse do
more than this and followsit will fail.
In driving on the road it is speed that
kills. Driving five miles in ten min
utes' less time than it ought to take
gives pain and shortens life. Some
horses eat like some men, too fast.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19

He had an ~unpatented method for
curing the habit; keep a peck of
cobble stones in the manger among
which the oats L poured, and the
horse will require time for separa-
ting the grain from the rocks. He
had tried to induce Boston millers
to introduce rollers into their mills
for crushing oats, but thus far with
out Crushed oats makes
the best feed in the world for a horse,
and would be in demand if procura-
BILE.
Watering Immediately before or
after eating is bad for the horse.
Before eating, cold water chills the
stomach and units it for the digestive
process, while water poured down
upon a full stomach washes the con-
tents along too fast, causing waste
of food and if followed by immedia-
ate driving that most disgusting
complaint, scours. Water should be
given little at a time and often. Most
horses drink more than they need
because they are allowed to become
too dry or too tired. A tired horse
may be trusted to eat but not always
to drink. Never let your horse stand
without food while you rush in to
your own dinner"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER, MAY3lg 1886

and if hungry will work hard the
entire day for moro. The best mode
for feeding is to cook a piece of
meat and make a mush with the
pieces, mixed with ground oat meal,
bran and shipstuff; equal parts. Have
it very stiff, and give it to the hens
early In the morning, but give them
about only one-half enough. Then
throw some grain in a scratching
place, and leave them till night,
when a mixture of oats and wheat
may be given. In winter corn may be
allowed, but never in summer. The
main point is to so feed them as to
keep them busily scratching all the
time.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
FOR EGGS.

Scratching is better than feeding.
A hen may go hungry during the
entire day, and if given all that she
can eat at night, will lay better than
the n that has been fed three or
four times a day A hen is in her
best condition only when she is
seen in%dustriously at work. 1t is her
natural mode of securing food
working for it. If given a place to
scratch in winter, the exercise keeps
her body warm, circulates her blood,
and when night begins to come on
she will have an excellent appetite.
The great difficulty we find in the
way of most persons is that OF feed
ing the hens without compelling
them to scratch. A lazy. idle hen
will lay soft-shelled eggs, she will pull
the feathers from her companions
and cackle and make a great noise
at times as though she had laid an
egg, when in truth the alarm is a
false One. A tablespoonful OF soft
grain scattered in straw, chaff, saw
dust or even dirt, will cause her to
work. IF she finds only one grain
occasionally she will be satisfied,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
GEMS OF
Recreation is recreation.

Recreation is recreation.
When a man likes any place better
than his w home-look out
Custom may lead a man into many
errors but justifies none.-Ffehding.
Even the hen, when it drinks water,
looks towards heaven.-Turktsh Prover6.
1t is easy to be brave when there is no
danger; but that is not bravery.
The worthiest people are the most
injured by SANDER, as we usually find
that to be the best fruit which the birds
have been pecking at.-Svift.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1886-05-19
THE SIZE AND POWER OF
THE SUN.

The sun is the life of us all it
keeps the world going. All terres-
tial energy is but solar energy at
second hand. | will not discuss the
distance of the sun, it's dimensions,
etc, and the methods of ascertaining
them, although [ might make a very
interesting lecture from that point
of view, but [ will begin at once by
stating a few facts, which are essen
tial to an understanding of the suns
constitution. In the first place, then,
the size of the sun is something enor-
mous-absolutely beyond our power
ofconception. 1t is a great ball about
100000 miles in diameter, or 10
times the diameter of the earth.
Perhaps that means nothing to you;
but just for a moment imagine your
self in the center of the sun, if it
We're possible for you to live there.
Suppose the earth We're placed in
the center of the sun, where would
the moon come? Why, it would be
only a little more than half way to
the solar surface. If the earth were
at the center of the sun, the moon
would circle around the earth about
half way from the center of the sun
to its surface. The radius of the sun
is about 430, 900 miles, and the dis
lance of the moon from the earth is
100000 miles; so that if we lived in
the center of the sun it's shell would
make an admirable sky for all the
lunar motions. Next, the sun is about
amillion and a quarter times the bulk
of the earth. Take 100000 earths
and roll them into one ball, and it
would make a sphere about the size
of the sun; but the sun is not ORE
spondingly massive, for it is only
about 100000 times as heavy as the
earth. It follows, of course, that it
is not so dense as the earth; it is
about one quarter as dense, or a lit
tie more than the density of water.
A bushel of sun would weigh only
about a quarter as much as an aver
age bushel of earth. The sun, there
fore, can not we'll be called a solid
substance; it is not a ball ofrock like
the earth, but probably a great bub
ble-a mass of gasses surrounded by
a shell of cloud. It's power of at
tracing bodies is very great, of
course, because it's mass is enormous.
On the surface of the sun a body
would weigh nearly twenty-eight
times as much as on the earth, SO
that if [ were on the surface Of the
sun l would be crushed. | could
hardly lift my hand to my head,
for the force Of gravity would
be twenty-eight times as strong
as it is here, and ewould in
crease the weight SO that a pound
here would weigh tw~enty-eight
pounds there. OfcOurse you will see
at once hat this is a very impor-
tant fact, as bearing on the consti-
tuition of the sun.-FrOm a Lecture
by Prof. G. A. Young.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Proposing to- Eoycott enc Gentiles.

PropoSlhS 20 bOycUtt tHe NentlIes'
The Mormon church proposes to boycott
the Gentiles in Utah. AL Mormans who
dare to patronize Gentiles are to be disfel-
lowshipped.-1nrerO Ocean.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
"columbia" Is the Poets Name.

It is fact generally lamented by the
biographers of Columbus that his name
was not given to his country. 1t is aques-
ton with us whether he suffered or gained
by the accident. We are strongly inclined
to think the latter Certain things and
certain countries have over-names that
have about the same relation to common
names as the flowers have to the veget-
able of a garden; as holidays or sacred
attire has to everyday habiliment; as the
majestic flag has to the tents of the SOL
diery. Such name is Columbia. 1t Is
the name that is on the lips of the return
ing citizen rs yet far out at sea he dlscerns
in the blue distance the shores of his ma
tive land stretched out beneath this west
ern sky. 1t is the name the last view OF
his flag suggests to the dying patriot.
America is in biographies, scientific charts
and common speech; but Columbia is the
land where dwells and reigns tire goddess
Of liberty America is written in inter
national commercial transactions and dip
lomatc correspondence; but Columbia IS
sung in the hymns of patriotism, and
breathed forth from hearts swelling with
the inspiring impulses Of national pride
and love- America is a cognomen: Col
umbia is title America is our name in
the market-place; Columbia is our name
at the altar.-R. c. Craven in Chicago
Journal.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Selling Relics of Gen. Winfield Scott.

Selling RelicS OF zen. NlnuelO ocote.
There was an auction the other day IN
the old home of Gen. Winfield Scott. 1t
was clearing out of the old furniture
and various odds and ends which the POM
pous old general had collected in his
pretty long life. But no one seemed to
take any particular interest in it. Gen.
Scott is as completely forgotten in New
York as il be had died fifty Or sixty years
ago. The present generation knows
hardly any thing about him, except that
he made rather poor work handling the
troops in and around Washington at the
beginning Of the war. For the best or
reasons (because it was not born soon
enongh) it has no recollection ar all of the
tremendous pow WOW there was when the
Wings ran him for president against
Franklin Pierce.
So when the auction of his relics and Oh
furniture took place, very few persons
took the trouble to attend it. The buyers
were chiefly dealers in secondhand furnl-
ture, and the prices were consequently
low, very low Nothing on the catalogue
appeared to have any historic value at all.
Each article was knocked down for what
it might be worth in q secondhand shop,
without the least reference to its original
ownership. That, however, was to be
expected. New York has no sentiment.
1t cares nothing for relics. All that 1T
sees is the market value OF things and
when spending money it always acts ac-
cordingly-New York Letter.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
The Beauties of Ground Rent"

"Do you know our largest real estate
owners don't pay hardly any taxes, and
some of them pay none at all'" suggested Il
lawyer the other day.
"How can that bei" asked the reporter.
"The fee simple title to about one-tenth
Of all the ground within the city proper,
that is, of that lying between the hills, Is
in families who have perpetually leased
the land, subject to ground rents. Ground
rent is one Of the incest things In the
world for the owner of it, but an awful
aggravation for the owner of the lease
hold. The owner of the fee need never
worry about his rents like the landlords
d. for he not only, has lien
for his rents upon the ground,
but also upon all Improvements erected
upon the land by tenants. If the tenants
fail to pay, the owner steps in and takes
all improvements. Consequently his
rents are as secure to him as taxes are to
the county. In all cases where property
is leased for more than fourteen years the
statutes say the lessee shall pay all taxes.
So you see the bloated ground-rent pro-
prietor pays not a cent of tax. He Is
never worried with assessments for street
improvements, nor fire insurance, nor
making repairs, nor painting, nor putin.
dead-beat tenants out Of the house. All
the labor he performs is like that of the
coupon-cipper. "-Cincinnati Enquirer Ill
terview.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Absent-Mindedness in Time of Battle.

II know something of the humiliation
that comes through little mistake my
SELF" said one-legged veteran. '1n one
engagement every man in the company
went into the fight with sixty rounds of
cartridges. After we had been in for an
hour or more the report went from man to
man that they must have more ammuni-
tion. Some of the men had fired more
rapidly than others and the captain Or
dered a collection of cartridges for a new
distribution among the men of the COM
pany. When they came to my cartridge
box they found every cratridge in its place
and two extra punches in my haversack
Ihad gone through the whole fight
swapping my gun without firing more
than once. I certainly had gone through
the motions of loading and firing, but
there was the evidence that I had not
fired more than single shot while other
men in the company had fired forty and
sixty shots. No explanations could be
made. In fact, had none to make. l
didn't understand how it all happened and
I never fully recovered from the shock
that the knowledge of my absent-minded-
ness in time Of danger gave me."-1nter
Ocean "Curbstone Crayons."
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Living with the Head High.

1t is often.a question amongst people
who are unacquainted with the anatomy
and physiology of man, whether lying
with his head exalted or even the body, is
most wholesome. Those who consult their
own ease on the point arguein favor of
that which they prefer. Now, although
many delight in bolstering up their heads
at night, and sleep soundly without in
jury, it is nevertheless dangerous habit.
The vessels through which blood passes
from the heart to the head, are always les
sencd in the cavities when the head is
resting in bed higher than the body; there
fore, in all diseases attended with fever,
the head should be pretty near Oh q level
with the body; and people ought to accus-
tom themselves to sleep in this position
to avoid danger.-Halls Journal OF
Health
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Lumber from the Cypress Swamps.

The western men are enthusing over the
southern CYPRESS swamps, and are re-
ported buying literally with II view Of cut
ting and sending north. Such an expert
ment was made by one of our railways a
year or 50 ago, purposing to Use the wood
for their passenger cars, but found it so
heavy and so susceptible to frosts that they
worked it into freight car frames and will
have none Of it again, Its weight, about
four tons to the 900 feet when green, will
be its-grcatcst hindruucc in SHIPMENT
EXCHANGE
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Discovery of a New Substance.

Professor Stamford, the English Edison,
has discovered a new substance which
promises to become popular article Of
commerce. "Algine," Il residuum Of
macerated fucus (sea.tang), combines the
qualities of a mordant, an esculent, and a
superlative adhesive. 1t fixes a variety Of
colors used by cotton-dyers. In certain
combinations it is as nutritious as grape
sugar, while in one of its forms its
adhcsiveness exceeds that Of gum-arabic
not less than twenty-siX timcs.-Cor. Chi
caro Times
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
A "FIower Concert" In ,Iassacllusetts.

A "hower concert was given at Concord,
Mass, the other evening. A screen,
painted to represent n scene in flower
garden, stood on the stage, and before it
were potted plants in profusion. Some Of
the painted flowers were very large, and
in the center of each big flower was an
opening, skillfully concealed by Il nova
bic cover Behind the screen stood the
singers, and their faces appeared in the
center of the flowers. The singing flow
ers were rose. dahlia, Il sunfOwer, a
daifodil, u pansy, 4 lily, Il tulip, Il daisy,
and 4 buttcrcup.-Chicago Herald.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Formation of English Public Opinion.

There must be some reason for the Lon
don papers being always wrong in their
estimate of public opinion, and this reason,
take it, is that their editors and power
full writers still fancy that West End
clubs and West End drawing rooms are
places where public opinion is formed.
This was the case when the country was
governed by rival London coteries be-
tween whom there was little real differ
ence in fundamental issues. At that time
the people took very little interest in
politics, and seldom regarded an election
as anything beyond fight between the
blues and the yellows.-London Truth.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
E.ar:i; GOr Sale.

rTUE WHOLE or y PART OF
I my Farm, two miles below the town OF
Orangchur", on the South Carolina i,al!-
WAY and the public roads leading to Char
lesion, containing about 500 acres, Z par.
cleared, balance finely limAcrcd., song
splendid swamp land ej5 acres Ne;@a!y
pine tmbcrcd, Aljoining and lyin?: East
and West Of roads to Charleston. 10 uc
subdividcj in lots Of 50 to 50 acres anu So!u,
unless sold in entire. These lots Will Dc
fine lots for residences. -
Jan 2S-5t 4. u. fhEDEhlNh'
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
DoING UP A FLY-ScREEN MAN.
The Proprietor Was Very Busy-Conduc
Which Was "Grossly Outrageous"

The Proprietor Was Very Busy-conduct
Which Was "Grossly Outrageous"
He had sample fy-soreen under his
arm, and he turned aside and entered a
little shoe shop on Lafayette street east
II vhas very busy to-day" said the
cobler, as he looked up.
ayes, suppose SO, and so are the flies"
was the reply. "My friend, have you given
any thought to the momentous query:
Shall I Keep the Flies Out or In This
Summer?'"
II hat to git this boot done in half an
hour"
Exactly and I don't propose to hinder
you. I am taken orders for fy-screens.
You can peg, peg away, while we talk,
talk fy-screens."
II doan' vhant some"
"That is to say, you propose to sit in this
shop all summer and encourage the visits
of winged insects. Do you know how
much time man loses in four months in
striking at flies?"
"Idoanf figure oop on him." 49,
"Of course you don't, but have. You
will lose just two days in every month.
That's eight days thrown away, and not q
fly killed. Now, then"
IT don't vkant some fly screens"
aThat is, you think you don't. How
many cubic feet of air do you think comes
through that door in four months?"
"Maype six"
"Maybe millions! How much dust do
you suppose accompanies that airs"
~ vlas VERY busy"
Exactly, but more than two bushels of
dust enter this shop by way of that door,
and you inhale at least half Of it. How
many microbes accompany the dust2"
'"Dis. shop was under mortgage, you
seer
"That's al right, but for ten hours O
day you inhale 100 cholera microbes an
hour" s,-s2s ,a-...
"Und maypee 1 moot avhay to Chicago
in June"
Suppose you do. A ay-screen door is
portable property. There are flies and
dust and microbes in Chicago as well as
Detroit. Do you want to die of choleraf"
"If die it vhas all right. If live hat
to work all der time. rhas great handS
to be alone in my shop"
Certainly you are, but the question re.
mains: Shall flies light on your coat or
not?' will make you door"
II vhas VERY busy"
"Don't doubt it, but you owe something
to yourself Two dollars and half will
buy the door complete, and want to tell
you that our"
"Great Heafens! go AWAY! I yhas busy!
I doan' rhant some doors! doan' vhant
some tiy-screens!"
"You don't. If you don't want door
why did you encourage me? Why did you
take quarter of an hour of my valuable
time! Do you suppose I can stop and
figure up cubic feet of air and bushels OF
dust and numbers OF microbes to crafty
idle curiosity!"
Il like you to go avhay!"
"Well, I'll 60. Why didn't you say so II
first? What have done to you that you
should want to injure me by robbing NE
of my time? Your conduct is outrageous,
sir-grossly outrageous"
The shoemaker jumped and locked the
door as soon as the man was out. For a
moment they glared at each other througl'
the dusty glass, and then the fiy-screen
man said:
"It's shameful case, and III keep III
eye on you! 1t it just such trifling conduct
as yours sir, which has brought this coI!,-
try to where it is. Why didn't you tell me
when came in that you didn't wapA-a
fly-screen door?"-Detroit Free Press.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1886-06-17
Eastern Visitors in San Francisco.

So far as the attire Of eastern visitors is
concerned it is not, all other things equal,
as good as ours. That is, taking into con-
sideration the wearer's station in life, the
clothes of the eastern man or woman are
not as good material or as well made rs
the Californians'. There is Il noticeable
carelessness also us to hcadgear, footgear
and neckwear as compared with the old
residents. The step is not SO quick, the
motion Of the head is slower, and the new
comcrs don't look us we'll fed.-San Fran
cisco Report