davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
Female Dress Reform.

Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton has
written an open letter to Miss Cleve-
land, asking, in view of her exalted
position as the first lady OF the land,
to lead the movement to check the
present tendency of women TO dress
immodestly. Mrs, Stanton submits
three propositions First, who starts
the new fashions, and what is their
significance second, what is their re-
lation to health, comfort, convenience
and beauty third, what is their effect
on the morals of the individual and So
ciety. Considering the question of
health as related to low cOrsages she
thinks that if ladies cannot reconcile
themselves to such stringent measures
lis draping all their charms, display
of the lower limbs would be less init
riOus, as none of the vital organs are
located in that part of the human or
ganism. She asserts that our fashions
come mainly from the cOurtesans of
France, whose chief study is to play
upon the passions of men, and all
dressing is with that view. "Our
girls" she says, s'mistake the example
of this class of women without under
standing the philosophy on which
their fashions are based" Mrs. Stan
ton appeals to Miss Cleveland to give
to her country women an exhaustive
essay on the subject.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
LABOR AND CAPITAL.

1t NAV be well for the leaders of the
labor organizations to take into ac-
count the limitations which human ma
ture and the necessities of trade i'm
pose upon their effort to Immediately
improve tue condition of the working
man. Capital is prOverbially sensitive.
Thus, when times are good, men OF
sound credit can borrow money at ex-
ceedingly low rates of interest. On
the other hand, once allow the impress
sion to get abroad that failures upon a
large scale are soon to take place, and
the man who had all the money offered
him that he cared to use at per cent.
per annum may be called upon to pay
three or four times that amount for a
needed accommodation. This is no
more than saying that those who have
capital are very reluctant to take risks.
Now, ordinary business undertakings
are made up of the taking of reason
able risks. A manufacturer either
makes his product under Il contract,
agreeing to supply a certain quantity
ut certain price, or he makes it with
the idea of finding profitable market
for it. But if reasonable assurance is
taken from him of the prices he will
have to pay his wOrkmen, or of the
hours they will consent to work, he
NAV prefer to close his mill or factory,
rather than run the risk of a positive
loss by accepting large contract; or,
even if manufacturing on his own &C
count, he may find that the risks in
vOlved are too great to warrant main
tanning his works in active operation.
We have reason to know that in quite
number of instances this conclusion
has been reached 10y large employers
of labor. They have become absolute
ly frightened by the future outlook in
their trade, which has deferred them
| from taking the contracts for work
which have been offered them, and has
prevented them from feeling any in
terest in producing goods on their own
account. They believe that they will
save a loss in money, and will save
themselves an enormous amount of in
convenience, by closing up their fac
tories. If this resolve is carried out
upon an extended scale, the result
throughout the country will be serious,
indeed. Thousands upon thousands
of wOrkingmen will be thrown out of
employment, and will find it, exceed
ingly difficult to procure the where
witIIal to support themselves and their
families. If it comes to a question of
endurance in a race toward the line of
starvation, it is obvious that the rela-
lively small body of capitalists are at
the outset better equipped for the con-
test. The leaders of the labor organi-
cations cannot afford, therefore, to
press matters too far, lest, by means of
general stOppage in business, their
followers receive painfully taught
object lesson of the necessity of giving
to capital some indueement, in order
that it may be willing to continue to
act us a factor in production Boston
Herald.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
ALL ABOUT THE TELEPHONE.

Two reasons for 0verthrOwing the
Bell patent are alleged one is that the
patent was fraudulently procured by
Bell, when it ought to have been Civ
EN- to Elisha Gray and the other is
that the telephone ought not to have
been patented at all, for the reason, as
it is alleged, that it was really invent
ed by Philip Refs in Germany a great
that it had become public property, and
nobody could properly get patent for
it.
Both of these propositions, by the
way, are now being tried in detail and
with much energy in the suit which
has been going on before Judge Pardee
at New Orleans for the last month or So
The second of the two allegations,
namely, that the telephone was really
invented by Philip Refs, has already
been tried so often and so thoroughly
in the courts of the United States, and
by eminent judges, including Judge
Gray of Massachusetts, now a member
of the supreme court at Washington,
and with the universal result of main
tanning Bells claim, that it is safe to
regard that question as finally settled.
There is nothing in the assertion that
Refs invented the telephone, and that
Bell did not, which can influence any
mind possessed of the ordina-
~ information upon the subject.
There remains, then, the single
that Elisha Gray invented
the telephone, and that Bell fraudu-
Iently got the patent. If this should |
be proved on the trial, and he finally !
by the Supreme court, the re-
suit would be that the Bell patent
would be annulled, and that a new pa
.ent would then have to be issued to
elisha GRAY.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
rods. when being loaded on stock

prods. when being loaded on stock
cars.
Animals so cruelty crowded, trampl
ed, starved, and kept without water,
when, transported long distances by
rail to market, as to make their meat
unfit for food.
Horses compelled to endure excruci-
ating torture by the over-check and
other high check-reins, through the
ignorance and pride of thoughtless
drivers.
Dogs and cats driven to desperation
and madness from want of water.
Horses ruined in health and limb
through being overloaded, lack of food
and improper feeding.
Old, CALLED, crippled horses ill-fed,
overloaded, and generally abused by
hard masters.
Cows compelled, through the penu-
robustness of their owners. to run the
streets, in many cities and villages,
uuenching thirst from mud-puddles,
pounded by clubs, beaten by stones,
and mutilated by dogs, when driven
from yards into whick the animals
fierce themselves because of hunger.
Calves with feet tied and tortured,
while being transported long distances,
in distressed position, over rough
roads, by butchers and others.
Fine horses OutrageOusly high-check-
ed and brutally Over-driVen by drunk
en-, careless and cruel drivers.
Pigeons wantOnly wounded, mutt
lated and allowed to linger hours be-
fore death comes to their relief, at
shooting tournaments.
Horses left standing in exposed po-
sitions, through severe storms, with
out covering.
Beautiful song and useful birds
needlessly slaughtered by men and
boys for sport.
Insects, birds and animals of vari-
Gus kinds cruelty put to death by
thoughtless persons, when little care
would make death less painful.
The cruelty and savage instinct
aroused by pugilism, cock and dog
fighting.
The useless, barbarOus cruelty in
f1icted on hares and foxes in allowing
them to be chased and hunted by
hounds for hours, as a sport.
The debasing, cruel effect on child
rem by close confinement at labor,
often in dark and unwhOlesome factO-
ries and other places.
The cruelties and beatings inflicted
on patient, accomplishing wives by
brutal and drunken husbands.
The whippings and abuse endured
by boys and girls who have been given
into the charge of coarse and hard
masters.
The starvation and neglect endured
by infants and small children, when
left by their parents with those who
promise to care for them.
The privatiOn, distress and degrade
ton of little waits of children, in the
streets, who often have no one to pro-
tect them.
The deplOrable condition of the
horse. no longer useful, turned loose
to starve and die the child, whipped
by the heartless parent; the discharg-
ed prisoner, whom no one will employ:
the little tired cash-bOy and cash girls,
that should have been, hours ago, in
bed the haggard, sunkeneyed poor
ly paid sewing woman the starving
family, that can get no work; and
many, many others not here mentioned
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
CURRENT COMMENT.

If an honest man will just show
himself in public now he will fill a
long felt want San Francisco Alta
The Sun says "parties are stronger
than presidents" There may be some
truth in that; the republicans still
hold the offices. - Omaha Herald.
Senator Edmunds is getting what he
happens to need just now-the abuse
of the Mugwumps.-[N National Repub-
lican.
We had an idea that the Chinese
were cheap laborers until we heard
that single Chinese vase brought
Sl8, 900 at the Morgan art sale in New
York the other day. There now seems
to be no reason why the Chinese should
CO. Chicago News.
We are told by good authority
that the vacancy in the st. Adams
custom house caused by j. r. Arming-
toms resignation will not be filled un-
til B. B. Smalley is confirmed, when
Arlington is to be reinstated. IL Rich
ford Gazette.
Even Mr.. Morrill,, the grandfather of
the Senate and very wise and be-
nign one he is-came very near telling
executive secrets in open session yes
terday. The star chamber sessions
ought to co. Boston Record.
Henry Ward Beecher and George
William Curtis have quite recently ex-
pressed themselves as fairly satisfied
with President Cleveland. Beecher
ought to be. His son is in position
where he has pulled in one $4,000
moiety. i Hartford Post.
The democratic party is swiftly
making its record for the campaign of
80. Its sole great advantage, 10 which
it owed its success in 1884, was its
now the president. Its
true policy after the election was plain.
1t was complete Identification with the
president AS its representative leader.
But it has thrown away its advantage
and discarded its policy Harper's
Weekly.
1.-The democratic side of the Senate |
IS in much better spirits than the re-
publican side" says the New York |
Times. "Mr. Edmunds and his re-
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25

publican supporters have been answer
ed, and much more than answered, by
Mr.. Pugh and Mr.. Kenna.n When two
small boys have an encounter and one
walks away after it telling loudly how
COED he feels, the experienced observ-
er knows exactly what has happened.
/ Boston Advertiser.
About six months ago an accredited
leader of the democracy called on Mr..
Cleveland for the purpose of holding a
conference with him. He told him
very plainly what his party expected,
what its disappOintments were, how it
felt on this question and that, and
what policies would please it, and when
he asked the president what he thought
about the matter, that gentlemen
walked easily to the window, and
looking out on the Potomac stretching
away in the distance, observed, "Isn't
this beautiful vieww Chicago
Herald.
You have lots of men in this city
who are neither good nor bad. Ask
themif they are good. ''No sir" ''Bad?'
"No, sir" They are these goody -goody
fellows. They are not worth ten cents
a dozen in any market in heaven, earth
or hell Sam Jones.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
Mr.. Moody and the Negroes.

Evangelist Moody has more than the
average amount of common sense in
his makeup. This is one of his chief
characteristics, and he has never shown
it more plainly than during his pres
ent series of meetings in the cities of
the far South. The question at once
arose when he was in New Orleans and
Galveston and Houston and other cit
les, "What shall we do with the ne
grOes 2" There was no doubt that they
needed converting quite as much as
their white brethren; but what should
be done about inviting them to the
meetings Mr.. Moody refused to do
anything. He insisted upon leaving
the arrangements to the local commit
tees in the cities he visited, and the re-
suit was that in some places a certain
part of the hall was reserved for the
colored people, in others they had ex
elusive use of the hall at certain hours,
and in others the evangelist went to
the negro churches.
There was some complaint because
the meetings were not thrown open to
black and white alike, and because
the cOlOred ministers were not invited
to sit on the platform with the white
preachers. The evangelist paid no at
tenton to this. He said that he was
just as glad to preach the gospel to a
black man as a white man, but he did
not feel that it was any part of his
mission to go to Southern cities and
try to settle the great race question.
He did not go as refOrmer, but to
preach the gospel. 81 never interfere
with the customs of place." said Mr..
Moody. "This question has been dis
cussed North and South for many years,
and it is not possible for me to settle
in two or three days what has been ag-
itated and discussed so many years
without being settled harmoniously."-
N. Y. Sun.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
WORK FOR THE HUMANE.

The American Humane Association
directs the attention of the public to
the barbarities and abuses continually
being practieed in various portions OF
the country, and often times in locali-
ties and cities which are deemed very
highly civilized. In order that the
friends of the defenseless and helpless
may know the extent of this evil, and
devise measures for their relief, men
ton is here made of some of the exist
ing crnelties:
Animals in freezing and starving
condition, in exposed localities on the
Western plains, in tile winter season.
Animals SO horribly burned on their
bodies, through careless branding, as
to make wounds that never heal.
Animals severely wounded and tor
tured by clubs and long, sharp iron
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25

The fact is that several years ago
Elisha Gray sold out his interest in the
telephone invention, both that which
he owned at the time and any that
might afterward accrue to him from
new inventions of his own or from any
other circumstance, to the Western
Union company, receiving in return
stock for which he realized about $780,
600 cash. If now, after all that has
happened, Elisha Gray should turn out
to be really entitled to the telephone
patent, it would not be his, but would
belong to the Western Union, aud thus
chiefly to Mr.. Jay GOuld.-[N. Y. Sun.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
Only Through the Chapel.

1t is well known that Napoleon,
though desperately in love with Eu-
genie, hesitated to ask her to be his
wife. His visits were constant, and
she was well aware of her conquest.
With her mother and sister she lived
in rooms on a second floor, to which
entrance was obtained through dis
used chapel. One morning Napoleon,
riding past and seeing her sitting on
the balcony, drew rein, and looking up
at her lovely, laughing face, said:
81 would so like to come up there :;
how can | reach you ~
She promptly answered, with a
meaning smile:
"Only through the chapel, sir"
The allusiOn was too direct to be
misunderstood and the emperor pro-
posed.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
SQUIBS.

Heber Newton asks "Was Adam a
white man = we are not Informed on
this point but he didn't act very white.
He: elbow lovely Miss De dong
looks She reminds me of an old
picture" Rival Beauty: eyes very
old picture restored"
An old lady was recently heard to
observe, on taking up the morning pa
per, 81 wonder if anyone has been
born that know?
The trouble with Senator Jones of
Florida appears to be an unsuccessful
effort to pair with Il person not a mem
Der of the senate Montrose Demo-
crat.
Thoughtful young lady Ito college
graduate) Who, in your opinion, Mr.
Muscle, was the nOblest Roman of
them all ? College graduate-I used
to think Hanlan was, but | wouldn't
bet a cent on any of 'em.
A democratic paper frantically asks {:
"What are the old democratic wheel
horses doing 2" Most of them are kick
ing mud at the president because they
can't climb upon the box and play
driver. Chicago News.
"Another good man gone wreng,"
remarked the ticket seller, as a cleri-
cal looking person boarded an outgo-
ing train and was whisked off in the
opposite direction from that which he
wished to take.
There's fellow up in Michigan,
who, being upset while sleighing, lay
upon the snow and said to his sure
enough girl: "Sit on me, dear, and
draw your feet out of the snow" Age
of chivalry dead
"Spring is almost here" remarked
Mrs. Shuttle, casually, "and we shall
have to look out for one or two new
ooh ~ responded Job. 'Tn |
the spring all you have to do is to look
out for carpets, and you'll see all you
want to. The yards are full of 'em."
"Well, what have you got for sup
per-" asked Mr.. Snaggs last night, as
he entered the dining room. "Why, |
have some biscuit that L made myself,
dear" his wife replied. "Well, bring
them on" said Snaggs, in a resigned
tone, "Pm hungry enough to eat any
thing. - Pittsburgh Chronicle.
The missing cashier of Chicago
firm, who telegraphed from Montreal
hat he would return "the money by
lraft and the jewelry by express" is
III anomaly. He must be isolated
wherever he is boarding. His dis
patch does not breathe the spirit of
he American colony Chicago Tri-
,une.
Elderly female lat the gate of heav-
.n)-Can come inf st. Peter-Are
-ou married 7 Elderly female-NO,
ir, L never had a chance. st. Peter :
low old are you Elderly female |
Forty seven, sir, and I've worn false
air 81 years. st. Peter Ito assistant)
Give this lady pair of golden wings
tudded with diamonds and mark her
90 in truth.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
sInnOcuOus Desuetude.o

"Dan, have you seen any comments
on my message 2"
ayes, Grover, lots of them"
GLOW do the bad and wicked news
papers take it ?"
"SOme like and others don't"
ayes, suppose so. 1t was a great
effort, though, Dan. Now look at that
phrase 'innOcuOus desuetude' that
worked in. That was IL stuRner."
alt was, indeed, Grover. Where
did you get it 2"
"DOn't mention it, but Sister Rose
gave me the paragraph with that in"
"Smart girl ~
"Smart | should say so. By the
way, Dan, what does 'innocueus desue
tude' mean ?"- Pittsburg Chronicle.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25

Washington Irving's Sketchbook and
Bracebridge Hall. A similar plan can
be tried in reading works on science,
natural history or biography; but per
haps this hint will lead some bright
young person to say, "From this time
forth no more steady candy diet for
me.--[ Congregationalis
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
What 1t Does:

1t protects against adversely in business.
1t is protection for life insurance policies.
1t is an investment and protection combined.
1t is better than U. S. Governments, and equally
as secure.
1t protects dependent ones against the contin-
gency of death.
1t is safe sure and desirable investment, and
within the reach of ALL
1t guarantees that a certain amount of money,
with interest, will be accumulated in a specified
time.
The amount that life insurance would cost should
be credited as profit on the Bond it takes the
place of such insurance.
The instruments paid are like deposits made in a
Savings Bank, and returned to the Bond holder
at his option.
The Bond natures at a specified time, at pre-
viOus death for it's face value, and guarantees a
The instruments paid on the Bond can be used in
business by hypOthecatng it. This is a great ad-
vantage to those who may at any time need all the
money they can command or raise
The 900 policies representing two bill
lions of dollars of lapsed surrendered insurance
between 1870 and 1880 would have been saved by
these Bonds.
The Bond is not hampered by any conditions or
restrictions and its cash value cannot be impaired
or Jeopardzed.
The Bond affords the very best security and is
negotiable the same any other bond or stock.
Under this Bond you PAY as you 90. Stop
without loss. Stop with profit, or continue for
greater profit"
CALL AT BLoDGETTS',
113 Eastern Avenue,
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
st. JOhnsbury Centre.

CongregatiOnGL-Rev. N w. Grover, Pastor. Sun
day services at IL a. M, and 600 P. NJ. Sabbath
School at IL NJ. Wednesday evening meeting at
Z 80 z. NJ.
Methodist-Rev. j. w. Bemis Pastor. Sunday
Services at 1915 A. H., and $50 Sunday School
at II NJ. Thursday evening meeting at 700.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
P. D. BLODGETT & cos.
Instalment Bond.
The National Life Insurance Co.,

Issues Installment Bonds for 81 900 each which
run from 10 to 40 years.
This Bond can be purchased by either Annual,
Semi Annual or Quarterly Instalments.
If the purchaser at any time discOntinues his in
stalments the Company will redeem the Bond for
the stipulated sum expressed upon its face.
In event of the death of a bOndhOlder the unpaid
instruments are cancelled, aud the Bond falls due
and is payable in full to his legal representatives.
The Bond ia payable to the purchaser at an age
when he is more likely to be dependent upon others
than others upon him, and upon which payment
may cease at any time without loss.
The issuing of this Bond is endorsed by the alb
lest ctuaries of America, one of whom says that
this Company has taken the grandest step in fair
dealing within the history of Life Insurance"
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25

COngregatiOnGL.-Rev. j. N Walker. Sunday
services at 1915 a. m. and $50 p. m. Sabbath
school at 400. Wednesday evening meeting at
100.
Methodist.-Supplied. Sunday services at las
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1886-03-25
ST. Jobnsburv Atbenmum

Library and Reading ROOm-Free to all. Open
from A. NJ. to II NJ. from to P. M, and from
to IL Saturday evenings.
Art GalLeru-Open Tuesdays and Fridays.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1886-07-17
PEOPLE WHO LIVE In TREES.

In thinly populated districts OF
Southern and Central Africa, where
lions, leopards, and hyenas abound.
the natives live in huts like gigantic
bee-hives, firmly fixed among the
large branches of the Baobab tree.
On the approach OF night they
ascend to their huts by means of
rude ladders, while the lions roar
about their camp-fires until the ap
proach of day drives them to their
lairs.
AS many as thirty families have
been found to occupy single tree.
In many instances, natives who till
the ground at any great distance
from their tribe, build these huts for
nightly accommodation. In travel
ing through the country one fire.
quently sees these trees alive with
balloons and other kinds of the
monkey tribe, busy in collecting the
fruit and indulging in ceaseless gam
bols and chatter; for this reason it
is commonly called the monkey bread
tree. When the tree is not occupied
as habitation, the hollow trunk
serves by the natives as a sepulchre
for executed criminals-the law of
the people denying them the right
of burial, inside of which the bodies
dry up and to a great extent resem-
BILE mummies. TO a European, this
tree is a marvel; coming across one
inhabited by monkeys, tits extreme
ly dangerous to shoot any unless one
is with party, for if any are wound.
ed, the whole colony take up the
battle, and more than once i found
that a retreat in short order was
necessary.-CAPT. PTNTo, IN Ameri-
can Agricaltarist for july.