Los Angeles daily herald., 1886-11-07

w hiiu, tuo JOttctuJc VI Tue vine iS pro-
duced by the Transportation Of the plant,
which evaporates more water through
its leaves than comes up from the root. ;"
He has recognized that "the slow and
progressive elevation of the temperature
of the atmosphere of the soil activates
both the trans spiration of the leaves and
the absorption of water by the root.
When the wood does not conduct suffi.
cient water TO replace that which is
evaporatedip conse quence OF the warmth
OF the surrounding atmosphere, the
first-men toned phenomenon is more in
tense than the second the evaporation
increases more rapidly than the absorp.
tion, and the features of the Jolietage
are not slow in manifesting themselves
on the plant. And, if, as happens some.
times in southern districts, the elevation
of the temperature of the air is rapid, it
provokes the evaporation of much
greater quantity of water through the
foliage and diminution of the growth
of the roots, that is to say, that the
evaporation and absorption proceed in
inverse ratio; and, if the temperature
continues to augment, there comes q
time when the roots cease to maintain
at the surface of the organs of transpi.
ration the water indispensable to their
functions /; at this moment the quantity
of water evaporated by the vine is nota.
bly, less than that which it is capable of
giving off under other conditions. If
the temperature does not remain station
ary, the tissue of the leaves loses its
water and the plant presents the indica-
tions of the ,toiietage."
Professor Foex, as resume ON this
subject, says "As has been seen by
what precedes, the apoplexy appears
to be the result of the rupture OF the
equilibrium which should exist between
the absorption of water by the roots
and that of the Transportation OF the
leaves. This accident should lie deter
mined by exceptional changes in the
temperature of the atmosphere. and in
it's hygrome ric condition, or, indeed, by
the effect of very intense luminous
ordinary degree the Transportation.
"Up to this time, there is no known
remedy for this apoplexy the vines
which are attacked by it should be torn
up and replaced, even when they are
only partially dried, because they be-
come restored very rarely afterwards,
even with great care. Drainage only
can diminish, under certain circum-
stances, the chances of tolletage by regu.
lating the conditions OF the humidity of
| the soil"
There is another disease or affection of
the vine caused in some respects simi.
larly as is the preceding This is known
in France by the name "Rougeot. This
latter affection according to Prof. Feox,
attacks the vine when it is in full vege.
tation as soon as the first severe heat Is
experienced. and it is noticed more par-
ticularly on deep and moist soils. THE
baut de Berneauld says that it is pro-
duced 'during the summer after cold
rain, storm which causes the tempera.
ture to be suddenly lower, or even a
fog, and to which succeed warm winds
from the south. IN. b. The warm wind
of the south OF France, coming from the
South, is similar in character to the
north wind OF Central California and the
desert wind of the southern counties. J
The foregoing are in effect, the circum-
stances under which, as we have seen,
apoplexy is caused. M. Mares describes
as follows, this affection called "Rou-
geot": "The leaves commence to wither,
they become burnt and lose their supple
ness; their parenchyme becomes red,
while the veins remain still green which
gives them a peculiar appearance, the
berries shrink, the cane becomes yellow.
1t the malady becomes more aggravated,
the leaves dry tirely and the cane par
TALLY dies from the extremity towards
the base. 1t is sometimes attacked only
on one side, which becomes brown, while
the rest is still green. Frequently at the
latter part OF the season, the vines so at
tackled by rougeot push out new shoots
from the canes. The vines attacked by
rougeot do not die, as in the case of APP
oplexy, but they suffer badly and their
natural fertility is considerably dimin.
ished. They do not recover except after
several years.
Drainage appears to be, as in the case
of apoplexy, the best means of diminish
ing the chances of this accident. When
it has attacked vines, if the canes have
not perished, we should limit ourselves
to short pruning; if the plant has suf.
iSA AOo huNns ~ WOutu pC OOtLCl W Cub ZIG
vine down close to the root and graft it;
in such manner fertile and vigorous
plant may be reconstructed. 1t is useful
in all cases to repeat frequently summer
cultivation and to sulphur energetcally,
in order to give ell possible activity to
the vegetation.
The foregoing discussion of two well.
known affections of the vine, applies in
my opinion, to the similar affections no.
tced in this State, viz: to the perishing
of certain vines in the vicinity OF Ana.
helm and elsewhere, and to the called
red leaf and, more or less, burnt condi-
tions observed from time to time on GER
tain varieties of vines, in certain places
in northern counties. The conditions
favorable to the development OF the dis.
ease known by the French as apoplexy,
prevailed most notably in the southern
counties during the spring season of this
and the last two years. 1t is said that
the Mission variety has been most af.
fected, yet, within few miles from Ana
helm, even on the bottom lands near Los
Angeles, where the surface soil is similar
to that of Anaheim, the results are diff
ferent. Possibly in the vicinity of Los
Angeles the intensity of dry summer
heat was modified.
In northern counties | have observed
the rouJeot more particularly on vines
in small patches in vineyards where the
undulations of the surface have pre-
vented thorough drainage, also with re-
spect to certain varieties such as the
"Charbono" and "Crabb's Black Bur
CANDY" on rolling land, where the sur.
face soil is shallow, everything cold damp
clay. DR.. Stillman, of Lugonia, has
forwarded to our office samples of leaves