The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1886-06-04

CONGTlUB. HIS UlSSHSCu IHuSS may moi exert
any i'll effect for a time, but after while it
undergoes decomposition, and bursts its way
out of the sac, killing the animal at last.
On making postmortem examination
upon an animal, we ind on attempting to
open the chest, that we cannot raise the ribs
up withou! the lungs coming along, and we
have to separate them by tearing away the
' tough, yellowish substance holding them
together After we have taken the ribs off
we see first, that there is quite quantity of
straw coored fluid in the cavity of the chest,
more or less viscid, sticky and thick and con-
tanning flakes of tough, yellowish material,
similar to that holding the lungs and sides Of
the chest together. The pleura is covered
with the same ycllowish deposit, and il can
easily be stripped off the lung tissue proper.
These esious are characteristic of peurisy
that is, the adhesion Of the lungs 10 the walls
Of the chest, and the presence OF the fluid with
the faky deposits. We now see the lungs
exposed before us, showing maybe one part
healthy and rosy pink in color, spongy to the
touch and giving soft, cracking sound on
pressure with the fingers. Another, and
generally the larger part, will be heavy, hard
and liver-like and of reddish brown, yellow,
gray, black or deep red color, surrounded and
interspersed here and there by bands of tough,
light yellowish or yellow-gray material. The
lungs entire are enormously heavy in COM
parison TO healthy ones, and instead of the
normal weight of four or five pounds, they
may weigh as high as fifty pounds. On cut
Ting directly through the diseased lung we see
before us an excellent imitation of part-color-
cd marble, in this shiny, liver.like mass, and
this marDed appearance is characteristic of
contagious Pleuro.Pneumonia. The flesh of
the animal is dark in color, and the fat has
yellowish tinge; the blood is less in quantity
and of a thinner consistency than usual. We
may find, also, in cutting alung, Il stream of
| dirty, grayish. black matter bursting forth, and
| on looking closely, we see that an ahsess has
existed enclosed tightly in crcumscribed
sac, maybe an inch thick. Nature thus pro-
tccts the rest Of the lung from its influence.
Again, we may find one part of the lung
black and grcenish, soft and easily torn and
extremely offensive, thus showing gangrene
or death of this part. When the disease runs
! its course, in few days, we see this black
gangrenous degeneration very extensively
diflused throughout the lung. In simple
| pneumonia the entire lung is affected at the
same time, and presents the same appearance
all over in post-mortem examination; it does
| not show one part healthy and one part dis
eased, as in contagious Pleuro- Pneumonia,
Aoris the marbed appearance present Simple
pneumonia is, however, very rare in bovine.
Pleuro. Pneumonia Is most violent in its
form when it first appears in u new neighbor-
hood, and the mortality is consequently
greater also. AS Il rule, however, from 10 to
20 per cent Of herd escape infection, SEEM
ing proof to the virus as many men are ex-
empt from attacks of smallpox. The breed
of cattle does not afford any immunity, nor
docs age or sex. "lntecton may occur through
contact of healthy with diseased animals on
roads, railways, SHIPS, pastures, stables, &C.,
and through the medium oftorage, straw, &C.,
which has been breathed upon by infected
cattle, the utensils which have been used with
them, as well rs persons who have attended
the ick,"-Fleming.
HOW PLEURo. PNEUMoNIAs PREADs
The spread of Contagious Pleuro-P nue.
mona is caused by its contagious principles;
1t begins at one point and uses this as centre
spreading in proportion to the means given.
1t may start at one point and appear very
mysterouslr ut Il distant place, but, if care
fully traced, We can find it has been unwit-
tingly carried by some means suitable rs a
vehicle. An animal with the first touch of
the disease might be shipped in n herd and
escape detection until after landing at its desti-
nation, thus injecting those with which it was
shipped, and those in the neighborhood in
which it finally remains. When first appear
ing in herd the disease may attack but few
| animals, and run on some time before others
are attacked; or, if severe, Il majority of the
herd may he attacked at once The mortality
otthe disease varies, depending considerably
on the severity of the attacks. In very mild
outbreaks it may fall as low as 20 per cent,
but more often AT about 40 per cent; in severe
outbreaks it may run from 20 to 80 per cent.
The mortality alone does not cause all the
loss; as the duration of the disease ia a herd,
the long term otrecovery, and loss from dairy
products, or falling off in flesh, cause the
figures to run up high.
TREATMENT.
Treatment eff this disease is of but little
avail, even in cases that are very mild or in
which but one lung is affected, as it runs a
regular course, and will do so in spite of all
treatment, as is seen in contagious diseases of
mall. If an animal is sufficiently strong to
stand an attack and the complications attend
ing it, it will recover; again, if an animal is
run down in strength from i'll treatment or
over feeding and if the disease is of n severe
type, rapid death will likely occur.
If the disease should appear in your herd,
the proper thing to do is to Immediately
quarantine your sick. Let as many persons
as are necessary attend to the sick and have
nothing to do with tho well ones; they must
not visit any other herds or be visited by any
herdsmen; use special utensils for the herd,
and don't allow them to be taken from the
stable. BY quarantining your sick is meant
to remove them from the main stable, not to
allow them TO remain there, and moving the
well ones out, but quarters should be provided
for the sick at least 200 yards away from the
main stables, and the same distance from any
of your neighbours fields. Notify the State
Inspector at once, on being assured by any
capable person, IA graduate in veterinary
medicine is preierableO that the disease il
contagious Pleuro-P Pneumonia, or, ifyou are
not sure it is.this disease, notify him any how,
and have him investigate the trouble. In
justice 10 your neighbors let them know that
you have the disease on your farm, and ask
them to keep their cattle away from your
dividing fences. Allow no communication
between the sick and the other cattle, nor
must you allow these apparently well cattle
to have their usual freedom of the farm
Now it is well to go about Il thorough
course of disiniecton in the stables and cattle
sheds Obtain plenty of car6olic acid aud use
this freely about the premises Boiling hot
water with carbolic acid, in the proportion OF
one gill of acid to the bucket of water, should
be used to wash every bit Of wall, floor, cell
ing, or rafter visible, and after they have dried
they should be white washed with the lime
and carbolic acid in the same proportion, one
gill to the bucket fall. Strew either chloride
or carbolate of lime around profusely and tar
or pitch should be burned throughout the
stables, partly smothered and allowed TO smoke
well, so as to thoroughly fumigate the place.
You can obtain your dlsinfectants most
reasonably at the wholesale drug houses in
bulk or large euantity.
incubation for the prevention of contagious
Pleuro-Pneumonia with specially prepared
virus, has been practised in many of the coun-
tries of Western Europe, and good results
have been obtained. However, it is not adj
visable, in place where the disease has not
shown itself, as after animals have been inoc-
ulated they are liable to infect others with
which they come into contact, and thus it
would tend to cause an outbreak in this local
ty. After district has been infected think
it may well be done, as it acts with success
and may be the means Of saving many head