davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02
The Eight-HOur Movement.

There is said to be new kind of strike
in Chicago-that of men who have been
at work eight hours and want to
work ten hours. A short expert
ence of the eight-hour plan has con-
WINGED them that it does not help them
to work eight hours unless they can get
the same pay as for ten hours; and in
the present condition of business this is
entirely impracticable. In recent
issue of Bradstreet's, Edward Atkinson
discusses the eight-hour question in a
convincing manner. His premise is
that there is so much work to be done
in the country to maintain the popula-
ton upon our present average standard
of comfort, and so many people to do
it, and that with the amount of produc-
ton and the number of people en-
ployed the hours of labor is the quo
tent of sum in division, which stat
utes are powerless to alter. The quo
tient at present is between ten and
eleven hours day as the average work
ing time of the people. He claims that
the production of the country is con-
sumed by the great mass of people, the
enormous increase of the past twenty
years being swallowed up in the adj
vanced standard of comfort, and shows
from an analysis of the imports that not
two per cent of the production goes for
luxuries pure and simple. He shows
that the cost of living-eXcept for house
rent and homes-has decreased ninety
five per cent since 1865, and that the
average rate of wages has increased
about twenty-five per cent, reducing
the currency prices since the recon-
struction era to gold basis, while the
interest on capital has as steadily de-
clined. He argues that if you insist on
reducing the hours of labor you do it by
reducing the production, and so lower
ing the general standard of comfort.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02
Mr.. GladstOne's Strategy.

Evidently Mr.. Gladstone is not dis
posed TO resign the premiership or APP
peal to the country in the near future,
if he can prevent it, for he is now will
ing to grant some concessions to the
liberal dissentients to his home-rule
measure. The notifications suggested
by him are not of great importance, yet
they appear to be satisfactory to many
liberals who have opposed the original
bill. Mr.. Gladstone says the govern
ment is now willing tosubmit to parlia-
ment a plan including Irish representa-
tives to be invited to attend the impe-
rial parliament whenever proposals of
taxation affecting Ireland were up for
consideration. Moreover, if the house
of commons so wished, the government
was ready to undertake the RESPONSE
bility of emitting the Irish to be heard
in the imperial parliament on imperial
or reserved questions. Changes in the
home-rule bill to accomplish these re-
suits would, however, entail recon-
struction of the measure. The gov
eminent, therefore, thought that after
the second reading of the bill it might
be postponed until the autumn session
of parliament, or the government might
resummon parliament to an early ses-
sion in 1887, and then again submit the
bill, with such necessary amendments as
during the interval had been deemed
advisable, without prejudice to the prin-
ciple of the bill. 1t is said that these
inconsequential suggestions were favor
ably received; but it is probable that
some of the dissatisfied liberals are
glad of any pretext for a restoration
of harmonious relations with their
party associates. There was stormy
scene in the house of commons Fri
day night, when the conservatives
tainted Mr. Gladstone with the design
of deferring action on the home-rule
bill to keep the present government
in power. In reply, Gladstone We
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02

full and forcible. He treats northern
sympathizers with disloyalty with much
severity. To his mind, traitor is none
the less odious because he has become
partly successful at last and the people
get Indifferent to his crime. He refers
to The efforts of democratic congress-
men to cripple the government, to the
free-traders who tried to stir up dis
cord between the West and East, and
the peace men who counseled surren-
der. How many lives and how much
treasure this fire in the rear cost the
country by encouraging the rebels can
never be known. In the closing chap
tiers the author discusses the enamel
patton proclamation, the presidential
campaign of 1864, the constitutional
amendments and the reconstruction
acts, and the political history of the
country since the war. The end of the
war having come in the form of ma
tional triumph, it was hoped that the
principles of political freedom and
equality would be firmly established.
But the mistaken clemency and mag
nanimity of the republican party en-
couraged the ex-confederates to resist
reconstruction and the constitutional
amendments intended to garner the
fruits of the war, until "the Missis-
sippi plan - at last succeeded in making
the South solid. In the concluding
chapter it is shown that the northern
people, because their own state govern
ments yet are free, fail to see that a
republican form of government has
ceased to exist in part of the states;
that there can be no republic where
part of the people hold all of the power
and the rest are kept in subsection by
terrorism; that all rights which the Con-
stitution intended to guarantee to the
people are now, and for years have been,
persistently denied in certain states;
and that the Constitution makes it the
duty of congress to guarantee to every
state republican form of government,
which it has not done.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02

Seventeen patents have been granted by
the patent Office of the United States for the
manufacture of bogus butter These patents
name forty-nine distinct ingredients that are
used in the manufacture of bogus butter
They are capsic acid, nitric acid, sugar of
lead benzoic acid, butyric acid, commercial
sulphuric acid, boracic acid, salicylic acid,
sulphate Of potash, caparic acid, caustic pot
ash, carbolic acid. The twelve ingredients
are each and every one poisons. Then there
are sulphate of lime used to poison rats),
tallow, butyric ether, caul bene, turnip-seed
oil, oil of sweet almonds, stomach of pigs,
stomach of sheep, stomach of calves, mus
tard-seed oil, bicarbonate of potash, alum,
cows udders, sal soda, nitrate of soda dry
blood albumen, borax, orris root, bicarbonate
of soda, sulphate of soda, chalk slippery
elm bark, bromo chloralum, oil of peanuts,
caustic soda. The foregoing twenty-six in
gradients are more or less dangerous to
health, depending upon the proportions EN-
ployed. Then there are glycerine, castor
oil, gastric juice, curcumine, cotton-seed oil,
peroxide of magnesia, pepsin, lard, farinace-
Gus flour, olive oil and sugar-eeven ingre-
dients that are comparatively harmless and
may be used if one is willing to have his
stomach turned into an apothecary-shop or
pork-packing establishment.
The argument of the opposition was,
in substance, that the respective states
have the power to take whatever action
may be necessary to prevent the fraud
ulent sale of butterine and oleomar-
garine as dairy butter, and the states
alone. have the right to regulate matters
affecting the health of their citizens :;
that one class of producers should not
be protected against another competing
class. Some members are in favor of
reducing the proposed tax from ten to
two cents per pound, and say that
people who want to eat artificial butter
should have the privilege of doing So
The bill has undergone several amend
ments, the most important of which re-
quires that traders and keepers of places
of public entertainment shall advertise
the fact that they sell or use oleomar-
garine, if such be the fact.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02
The Senatorial Question.

The New York Tribune of Sunday con-
tains the following interesting paragraph
" Ex-Governor j. Gregory Smith of Ver-
mont was in the city the past week He is
president OF the Central Vermont railroad,
and came here for conference with James F.
Joy of the Michigan Central and other rail-
road men. He is the most prominent of the
republicans who are mentioned as possible
competitors for senatorial honors as against
Mr. Edmunds, whose term will expire in
1887. The governor is a modest man of
medium size and pleasant manner, with a
closely-cut gray beard. He is about fifty
eight or sixty years of age, and an active
business man. He had just left the guber-
material chair, in 1865, when Senator Foot
died. Governor Dillingham;, who sue
ceeded him, desired to appoint him as
Senator Foot's successor, and the APP
pointment was held open for some days
TO give him an opportunity to decide
whether or not he would accept. On his re-
fusal to accept, Mr.. Edmunds was appointed,
and has held the office ever since. The gov
ernor's friends say that he is not candi-
date, and he said to me while here that he
was only candidate in the sense that
number of mugwump papers had set him up
as such, with the evident wish to have some
one to attack. One of his friends told me
that this mugwump diversion was for the
purpose of trying to make the disaffection
toward Mr.. Edmunds appear to be a rail-
road affair, under cover OF which they hoped
to have the senator's detection from Blaine
in 1884 overlooked or condoned.'"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02
The State Canvass.

We take the following extracts from a
Vermont letter in the New York Tribune of
Friday:
1.-THE gubernatorial canvass has not been
especially lively, except in Bennington and
Rutland counties, where the leading candi-
dates live. Bennington county will present
the name of James X. Batchelder of Airing
ton, speaker of the Vermont house. Rut-
ernor f. j. Ormsbee Of Brandon. Both are
leading lawyers in their respective parts of
the state and either one would make good
governor. In other parts of the state much
apathy prevails on the gubernatorial ques-
ton, and large part of the voters seem
Indifferent as to the candidacy of either Of
the gentlemen. 1t would not be surprising
if the people should take the caucuses out of
the hands of the politicians and send dele
gates to the convention who would favor
new man for governor. There are
many republicans who favor the nomina-
nation of the Hon. Luke p. Poland of
Waterville. Judge Poland does not seek
the office, but he has allowed his friends to
use his name and, If nominated, will not de-
cline the honor. For the office of lieutenant
governor there are several aspirants, includ-
ing Colonel Levi X. Fuller of Brattleboro,
the Hon. Hugh Henry of Chester and the
Hon Franklin Fairbanks of st. Johnsbury.
1t is conceded that Treasurer Dubois,
Secretary of State Porter and Auditor Pow
ell will be renominated without opposition.
Vermont republicans, and thousands hope
to see the leader of the party in 1854 renom-
mated in 1888. If delegates were to be
chosen to-day to national convention, there
would be a solid Blaine delegation. Mr..
Blaine's friends believe that he is stronger
everywhere to-day than ever before, and
they regard his denomination in 1888 as al
ready assured. There are some republicans
who still believe that Senator Edmunds will
be candidate for the presidency again.
The most intimate friends of the senator,
however, state that he has announced that
he will not be candidate for the nomina-
ton in 1888, and that under no circumstances
will he allow the use of his name for the
place.
I" The democrats are so busily engaged in
dividing the spoils of Office of this reform
administration that they have not yet had
time TO consider the question of calling
state convention Messrs. Smalley and At
kins will probably call together the few in
offensive partisans who are not federal office
holders, a week or two after the republican
convention, to name candidates to be showed
under at the September election"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02

umn the Cypress says: "Edmunds ca
not receive the support of Rutlan
that is certain; neither can he receive
majority of the votes of Rutan
county; this is also fixed fact.'n O
the other hand, the Herald claims tha
nineteen-twentieths of the republican
are for Edmunds. Time will tell.
THE opposition among some We
mont republicans to the reelection
Mr.. Edmunds to the United State
senate is said to be not because of pa
tisanship for Blaine, but from beid
that the Indifference and sulkiness d
the senator in 1884, because Blain
was nominated instead of himself, i
liable to be repeated whenever Mi
Edmunds is not suited as to cand1
date, and the feeling is that the rd
publican party shall not lose prestig
through the caprice and Indifference /.
a man honOred with the highest offic
in the gift of the Vermont republicans
Toledo Blade.
THE general assembly of the Knight
OF Labor has been in session at Cleve
land during the past week and ha|
transacted considerable business. Al
much of the important business has
been done in secret session, few detail5
have. been made public The plal
which has been evolved in committed
in regard to strikes and boycotts is thd
most important point that has beer
reached. Before strike can be orI
dered it is proposed that the local ash
sembly must refer the matter to the ext
ecutive board of the district assembly
and, through it, to the state executive
board; in case the order generally
would be affected by suspension OF
work, the question must be further rel
ferred to the general executive board
The following item has been going
the rounds of the papers during the
past week: " Senator Edmunds has
written to the president of the Yer
mont Woman's Christian Temper
ance Union that it would give him
great pleasure to vote for any PROPOSE
ton for teaching children in the COM
mon schools the uses and abuses of
alcohol in all its forms. He adds that
he is just as strongly in favor of correct
ihS tbO OhOiiiouo CNllo tuC
sale and use of liquors as can be the
lady to whom he addresses the note -
This inspires cynical western paper
to remark that " it is much easier for
some people to preach than to practice"
Perhaps this is one of the sneaking
insinuations " to which the Free Press
so feelingly refers.
IN the North american Reuie,o Sem
ator ingalls, contributes brief article
setting forth the advantages of chang
ing Inauguration day from March to
April 30. This he has proposed in the
senate as an amendment to the Con-
stitution, to go into effect in 1889. He
thinks the change would be a fitting
way to celebrate the one hundredth an
niversary of George Washington's in
auguration. But the sentimental rea-
sons are not considered so strong as
the more practical ones relating to
health, convenience and public advan-
tage. March 4 is apt to be bad day,
and the new presidents health is ex.
posed to dangers which it would be
spared in April. Moreover, such a
change would lepgthen the closing ses-
sion of each congress, which is de-
sirable. There are few, if any, objec-
tions to this scheme of Senator Ingalls,
but there is no popular demand for it.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02

some years past. They are men of
good abilities and of respectable legal
attainments. They have had consider
able experience in public affairs, and
are familiar with all the important
questions pertaining to the welfare of
the state. So far as we know, both are
excellent men in every relation of life.
Perhaps it may be said in truth that
Mr.. Batchelder has shown more of the
qualities of political leader than Mr..
Ormsbee-those qualities which compel
attention and win popularity by force
of character or intellect. The claim of
Bennington county for the governor
ship has also added strength to Mr..
Batchelder's candidacy. And yet it
would appear at this time that popular
sentiment has not been stirred with
sufficient force in support of either
aspirant to warrant the assurance of
his nomination. If the republicans of
Vermont are not satisfied with these
candidates, but prefer another of larger
abilities or of vastly greater experience
in public affairs, they will need to secure
the best possible presentation of their
sentiment as to the general character
of that candidate, and elect delegates
who can be fully trusted to come to a
satisfactory agreement in the conven-
ton. If the forces so selected should
be drawn together by the real merits of
some able and worthy man who has had
no " boom and no combination work
ing in his interest, it might prove
fortunate outcome of the contest.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02
Republican County Convention.

The republican voters of the county of
Washington are requested to meet in con-
vention, by their delegates, at Capital Hall
in Montpelier, on Thursday, June oath,
1886, at ten o'clock A. M, to nominate candi-
dates for two senators, two assistant judges
of the county court, judge of probate, states
attorney, sheriff and high bailiff, to be sup
ported by the freemen of the county at the
next biennial elections also to elect county
committee In compliance with a resou-
ton adopted by the republican mass con-
vention held in Montpelier August I'd, 1884,
the basis of representation for each town
will be three delegates, and two additional
delegates for each one hundred republican
votes, or majority fraction of one hundred,
as shown by the vote for governor in the
year of the next preceding presidential
election" The delegates will be chosen at
primary meetings called by the republican
committees in each town; and it is recon-
mended that such meetings be held uni
formly on Monday, June 21st at such hour
of the day as those committees severally
may designate. Delegates will provide
themselves with proper credentials, signed
by the secretary of the meeting at which
they are elected, and will present the same
to the county committee at the Pavilion
Hotel, during the previous evening, or inn
mediately on their arrival in Montpelier ON
the morning of the convention.
W. A. JONES,
f. A. DwINELL, po,,.,t,,a.,
o. b. BoYCE, 1To,,,'t,,
T.. w. HUNTLEY, l,c,.,t,g,o
L. M. HUTCHINSON, '""'"'''''e'
w. =. DILLINGHAM;,
Montpelier, VT, May 2Sth, 1886.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02

hemently declared that the ministry was
not actuated by a sordid motive, but by
precedent, and that they would manage
the home-rule bill according to their
own ideas of propriety
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1886-06-02
Montpelier, VT, May 2Sth, 1886.

On the above basis the several towns in
the county will be entitled to representa-
ton as follows:
Signal-Copiahan. (Hazlehurst, Copiah County, Miss.) 1885-1888, 1886-03-04
A MYSTERIOUS TRsE.
a Discovery which Has As;taici Ohio
prople for ~r,riy Ten Years.

A Discovery which Has hs;iaici Ohi,
People for Nc,riy Ten Years.
In the year 1877 some workmcn who
were engaged in building bridge
across Chappellc crccs-a snail stream
rising near the town Of Ashland, o..
and running through Erie County and
into Lake Erie found IL necessary to
cxcavatc TO the depth of some eighteen
feet for ono Of the abutmenis, and
when they had reached nearly the re-
luired depth struck n perfectly pre-
served red cedar tree, which had lain
there perhaps for ages, waiting the
time when its little story should be told.
The bark and q portion Of the sap
were decaycd. but the colored portion
ncarly the whole Of the wooD was rs
sound rs when /, ceased growing. 1t
was about two feet thick for something
like forty feet from the root-thc length
IF the section removed. The "iind"
caused good deal Of interest among
he Inhabitants Of that neighborhood,
and number Of baseball bats were
made from the log. on account of the
curious manner in which 1t had been
preserved no less than Of the kind OF
the wood, rcd cedar being entirely UNI
known in that country. Tho point at
which the bridge was being built is
about eight miles from the shore OF
Lake Erie, near the village OF Florence,
aud, of course, much higher than tho
present level Of tho water in the lake.
'rhc question "Whcrc did II come from,
snl how, and when, and in what man
ncr was 1t buried to this great depthP
is one which might engage the atten
ion Of so,ne professor Of geology
Signal-Copiahan. (Hazlehurst, Copiah County, Miss.) 1885-1888, 1886-03-04
ovERwoRKEp WOMEN.
Truly Dspiorabie Failure Of n wife's and
Mothers Mission.

Nothing is more thoroughly mistaken
than the idea that woman fuliills her
duty by doing an amount OF work that
is far beyond her strength. She not
only does not fulfill her duty, but she
most signally fails IN it; and the failure
is truly deplorable. There can ho no
sadder sight than that 4 an over
worked wife and mother-a woman
who is tired all her life through. II
the work of the household can not be
accomplished by order. system and
moderate work, without the necessity
of wearing, hcart-breakinS toll, with
out making life u treadmill Of labor.
then for the sake of humanity, let the
work go. Better to live in the midst
of disorder than that order should
be purchased at so high q pricc-thc
cost of health, strength, happiness.
and all that makes existence endurable.
The woman who spends her life in
unnecessary labor is by this very labor
untitled for the higher duties of home.
She should bo the haven of rest to
which both children and husband turn
for peace and rcfrcshment. She should
be the careful, intelligent adviser and
guide of the one, and the tender conf
dant and helpmcet of the other How
is it possible for woman exhausted in
body, and. as natural consequence,
in mind also, TO perform either OF these
oflicesP 1t is not possible. The con.
slant strain is too great. Nature gives
way beneath it. She loses health AMI
spirit and hopcfulness, and more than
all. her youth, the last thing that q
woman should allow to slip from her.
for, no matter how old she is in years;
she should be young in heart and feel.
ing. for the youth of age is sometimes
more attractive than youth itself.
To the ovcrworkcd woman this
green old age is out of the question.
Her disposition is often ruined h'r
temper soured, her very nature
changed by the burden which, too
heavy to carry, is only dragged alonS'
Even her affections are blunted. and size
becomes merely machine-a woman
without the time to be womanly, O
mother without the time TO train and
guide her children, y wife without the
time to sympathizc with and cheer her
husband, woman so overworked dur
ing the day that when night comes her
sole thought and most intense longing
are for the rest and sleep that will
probably not come, and even II they
should that she is too tired to enjoy.
Better by far let everything 90 unfin.
ishcd. and live rs best she can. then
entail on herself and family the curse
Of overwhelmingly Magazine.