Arizona weekly citizen., 1886-08-14


 S10000,000. which was deemed Q large sum for any such purpose m those days, and empowered the president to call for 5000 volunteers. This force was quickly raised, but before they were place in ths field hostilites had ac,u- ally begun.
 Gen. Arists, who succeeded Ampudia as commander of the Mexican army Cn the Rio Grsnde, crossed that river into Texas on May g. ls46, with C, 1000 soldiers, snd attacked Taylor. who had only 2,3O0 men. The Mexicgns were detoat- ed with great loss. This was the battle of Palo Alto, the first regular engage ment ID the Mexican war. Ampudia retired 10 Ressca de Ia Palma, where he was attacked the next dsy by Taylor, and driven across the river into Mexico. Taylor, who was then promoted to the rank Of Major General, invaded Mexico aud occupied MatamorGs. Receiving re-euforcemenis. be began his march into the interior of Mexico in Sertem- Der, aad on the 24.h of that month, after desperate fighting which coniin- ned several days, be captured Monte reY. The American force m that battle was 6,625, nearly all volunteers, while the Mexican consisted of 10000 regulars. Part of his army was then sent to re en- force Gen. Scott, who entered MexlcO from Vera Cruz. On February 22, lSi7, Taylor, with 5000 men. defeated 2l,OOC Mexican veterans under Santa Anna at Bueun Vista. This was the last battle ID
 lsyior's campaign, the Mexlcans not attempting to interfere with the Amer jeans in that portion of Mexico during ;he remainder oi the war.
 In August, lSi6. Gen. Stephen Kearny marched from Fort LesvenwOrth, snd wre5ted New Me1Ico from the mother country. He then went to California, which had also been portion of Mexico up 10 this tine, aud found that Col. John C. Fremont and Commodore Stock ton had conquered that province in the name of the United States. Tbe victor ious career of the Amelcans was con tlnued by 1000 Missouri volunteers. un- der command of Col. Doniphan, making a descent on the city of Chihuahua and capturing 1t.
 Fifteen days after the battle of Buena Vista Gen. Scott, wlth l5.000 men, in vested Vera Cruz. the principal seapor; of Mexico, defended by its strongest fortress, which was soon captured. Then began another series of American victories as brilliant and cons. cuous as those won by General Taylor JO0 miles to the northward a few months before. That at CeTro Cor do took place on April IS. followed by the capture of SslspR on the I9. Perote on the 23i, and Pae5la on May l.. Be- ing reinforced, he stormed and captured COntrerss and Cherubusco on August 20. An Rruistice ending without result, Chapultopec wRs taken by assGult on September l3, and tle following day the American army entered the City of Mexico, .he capita, of the country, and flung the stars and slrIpes to the breeze from the top of ,he national palace. Thus ended hoslili.ies.
 The Americans. whether under Taylor or Scot:. had been successful in every battle fought, although confronted with superior numbers. in country which great national obstacles to The march of Gn invading army. Con the results attained and the difficulties snrmounted with the means lt command, those campaigns should rank with the most conspicuous military exploits recorded in the annals of war, md deserve place in history beside Alexander's subiugatioa Of Asia, CpsRr's of Gaul, Bonapsrie's over- hrow Of PrussIE, Nathaniel Greens 1 against Cornwallis' and Sher- mans march to the sea.
 On February ?. ls4s, abou. i've l months after Scoot entered the Mexi- an capital, the treaty of Guadalupe | Iidalgo was negotiated, and Q few 7eeks laier Mexico was evacuated by he American troops. Mexico. in this reaty conceded the Rio Grande as the rester!y boundary Of Texas, and gave Jew Mexico anu California to ihe Unlt- d States, our country paying Mexico l5.0O0.O00, and assuming Mexico's ebts to American citizens, providing hose debts should not exceed $3. 5OO,- co. Thus ended the third and last war aged by the United States against a ITeIgn power.
 The principle of the public debt was l5.55O, 2O2 on July 1, 1S46. which bad rown to s47.Ol4, ,s62 on July l, ISis. an icrease of S5l,404 66O, nearly all Of hIch growth was caused by the war.