New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1886-04-21
FARM MANAGEMENT.
Laying Out and Managing a Car
den So as to Produce the
Best Results.
How to Raise the Finest Potatoes with the
Least Expenditure Of Labor.
Profit in Raising Pigs Designed fol
Boosting.
Neglecttng the Garden.

ANo p1Ot VI SlOuuu COu1ccUeu W1UO the
farm receives SO much attention in the
spring as the garden, and none is so
badly neglected during the summer and
fall. In May it is entirely free from
grass and weeds, but from the middle of
summer till the frost kills them they
are likely to interfere with the growth
Of all the vegetables planted, if they do
not oyershadow them. The large
amount of manure itself applied to the
garden spot, and the pains taken to pre-
pare the soil, serve to stimulate their
growth, and to make them attain a
large size. The farm garden, as ordin-
arily managed, becomes a nursery of
weeds. Sometimes seeds ripen, and a
second crop of weeds are raised IN the
course of the season. If only one crop
is raised, their seed is deposited in the
soil, where they are ready to terminate
the following spring. The garden can
not be neglected for a single week be-
tween the time seeds are sown and the
occurrence of frost in the fall without
allowing the weeds to ..get start" of
the vegetables wanted for use. If
weeds once obtain strong hold on the
soil, it is very difficult to eradicate them
without pulling up the vegetables near
them, or interfering with their growth.
The best-kept gardens one sees i,
going about the country are those man
aged by professionals who raise veee-
tables to sell in city markets. Market
gardeners know that weeds and yeqe-
tables can not get along we'll on the
same piece of ground They make
constant use of the cultiyator, hoe. and
rake. They destroy all the weeds that
appear while they are small and tender.
They remove the weeds from between
plants in the row by hand, and use some
implement to destroy them on the
ground between the rows. They en-
deavor to keep all the ground occupied
by useful plants during the entire
growing season. Village gardens tend
ed by amateurs, mechanics, and profess
slonal men are generally kept in excel
lent condition. They are ordinarily
small in size, but their owners desire
to make them as profitable and beauti-
full as possible. They desire to have
their gardens present a good appear
ance to persons passing along the
street. They have some time in every
day which they can devote to garden
work. The handling of the hoe affords
change of employment which thew
enjoy, and they find the exercise benefit
cial to them. They take pleasure in
raising vegetables for the supply of
their own tables.
Gardens on farms are likely to be
neglected because field crops demand
attention during the months when
weeds grow the fastest, A farmers
garden should be laid out and planted
IN such manner that it Will REQUIRE
comparatively little work to keep it in
condition during the entire season. AS
far as practicable walks and small beds
should he dispensed with. All the Or
binary vegetables should be planted in
long rows or drill far enough apart to
allow narrow cultivator to be run be-
tween them. If this is done, hand
work will be limited to thinning out the
plants in the rows and removing the
weeds that spring up between them.
The use of the cultivator once a week
will keep most of the ground free from
weeds Some plants must be tended
with the hand-hoe, and to make the
use OF it easy it should be kept sharp
and tree from dirt and rust. A hoe for
use IN garden requires as much care
as a scythe that is used for cutting
grass. 1t should be sharp enough to
cut off the roots of all kinds of weeds
and should have SO good polish that
it can be moved through the soil with
out much exhibition of strength.
The growth of weeds and grass NAV
be prevented in great measure by de-.
laying the blowing or spading of the
ground till about the time seeds are
to be sown. A portion Of the garden
can be plowed or spaded as soon as the
frost has left the soil, and planted to
vegetables that are not injured by
trosts OF early spring. The seed of on
ions, beets, carrots, parsnips, radish.
lettuce, and spinach should be sown
very early. 1t is not advisable, how
ever, to prepare the ground for other
garden crops till the weather becomes
quite warm. By that time the weeds
will be of considerable size. and thew
can be turned under by the plow or
spade. The crops that should be plant
ed later in the season are sweet corn.
cucumbers, melons, squashes, tomatoes
and egg plants. It is advisable to
plant peas, radishes, turnips, and let
tuce at different times, so as to have a
succession of them. Many farmers
plant all their garden seed at about the
same time, and wonder that they do
not sprout uniformly. Still, they know
that corn and pumpkins should not be
planted at the time they SOW oats.
wheat, barley, and flax.
The growth of weeds may be pre-
vented to a great extent and much la
Dor saved by keeping all the ground de-
voted to garden purposes constantly
occupied by valuable plants. Short as
the seasons are in this latitude two
crops can often be raised on the same
portion of the garden. Cabbage, .tur-
nlps, and cncunlbers, designed for max
ing pickles can be raised on ground