The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1886-12-06
fenced that settlers object to- is not entitled to


the public water these lands sufficient for the out
pouring emigration from Eastern and Central States
until settlement and inhabtancy in their natural pro
and by the aid of their aggregate alton
find means to develop their productive capacity and
make room for many millions yet to come.
But certain individuals want great areas; they want
the single control of great herds cattle and hence
it is that this concentrated combination, with its do
minion the waters of that country and its auda
cious seizure of its public lands turns back the tide of
immigration, absorbs all existing settlements, and
pes from its borders the advancing progress of deve
opment.
The suggestion frequently made that an enforced
discontnuance of this cattle monopoly would mperil
the beef supply of the Atlantic seaboard is simply alb
surd. Cattle grow upon the land and created
by the ranchmen and will thrive and grow under the
management of hardy and industrious population
fully well under that of corporations and ranch
men, with their cowboys employees. Indeed the
opposite Is apt to be true for the producers in
the Central States who have to raise their cattle
lands for which they have paid price and on which
they bear the burdens of taxes have found stock pro-
duction hazardous and have been compelled to change
their methods of husbandry and 30 out of the bust
ness OF individual stock production individual
farms so that the price of beef to consumers will
unless arrest is made to this monopoly, be at
their ercy
The report of the Commissioner of Patents
shows that the applications of all kinds during
the year numbered 40 678, and that 2 $50 ca yeats
were received. "a, ia patents, including reissues
and designs, were granted; 1,088 trade marks
were registered, and 397 labels were registered;
3, 1853 patents were withheld for non-pay ment of
year were 81, 2O5. l67 80.
The report Of the Labor Bureau is as follows:
The Commissioner of Labor submitted his first
nual report on the 18th of last March 1t was mpos-
sible for him to submit full report of the operations
OF the bureau at earlier date because the bureau
not organized until during the last half of the
fiscal year ended June 30. 1885 This first report
atcs entirely to industrial depressons and is the
suit of plan outlined by the Commissioner and APP
proved by March IL, 1885. 1t groups facts
drawn from trustworthy sources in Europe and Amer
which show cOncIus iyelV that the depresSOn
which has existed In the United States for the past
half decade or moro has been contemporaneous, not
only in features but extent with depPessions in other
industrial countries the facts collected warrant the
deduction that industrial depressions were largely
agsersted through the apprehension of business men
and of the public generally, growing out of want of
clearly defined knowledge of current events.
Among the various causes alleged by manufacturers
and Others for the existence of industrial depressons
to be found the irregularities existing in the rates
of duty under present tariff legislation. The nature
and influence of these Irregularities illustrated by
statistics gathered by agents of the bureau relating
lines of goods manufactured England and largely inn
ported into markets. Many wellinforned bus
mess allege that high duties imported goods
constitute serious disturbing influence in manufact
uring but they complain more of the inequalities in
rates than OF high or low rates of duty The stats-
tics just referred to show IL at in line of goods
manufactured at Leeds the variation is from so per
cent to $50 per cent the price at the factory
in England, the highestpriced goods being west-of
England broadcloth worth So. go per yard in Leeds
the specific duty being 35 cents pound and the ad
yalorem 40 per cent making total of 503 per cent
the value at the factory while it is further shown
that this per cent on cost steadily increases until it
reaches 1907 per cent on low-priced goods.
These garing inequalities potent of ap-
prehenson, in the minds of producers of disturbance
in values and therefore of corresponding depres-
sions. With these facts most valuable sug-
geston to which wish to call attention and this sug-
geston the Commissioner puts In the following Words
The adjustment of rates of duty manufactured
goods should be in accordance with the labor cost Of
production, etc. The labor cost in produc-
ton and all the other elements of production must be
considered before equitable schedule be
ranged. Until such basis is adopted the Unequal
tiles shown will exist although they may be
shifted so far as products concerned"
In discussing remedial measures the Commissioner
says -
ties just and equitable basis in far as it
moves apprehension and puts all interests fairer
basis, would be remedial measure. Such adjustment
would bring stability would relieve manufacturers of
anxiety, would satisfy labor, and would keep the
treasury supplied with funds. Practically these are
the ends sought it is presumed by any adjustment of
the tariff etc. Amy adjustment the basis of the
cost OF production would inevitably result in
slant enlargement Of the free list and in far would
have moral effect in the community which could not
be otherwise than healthful."
And further. that statutory provision should be
made By which the tariff should be regulated
basis of justice and science and not haphazard
basis which affects only individual interests and often
times intticts general harm.
The original tables in the report comprehend about
forty industries, 709 establishments and 100 900
employees and they prove conclusivey the feasibility
Of collecting exact information to the cost of pro-
ductlon upon all great products or this country and
the countries where sach products come into compe
tition in the commerce of the world. With such in
formation it there would be little difficulty in
adjusting tariff rates upon equitable basis.
The operations of the bureau for the present year
outlined as follows:
l. An investigation into the nurnber causes dura-
tion and results and other features of all strikes oc
curing in he United States since and including the
year 1881.
g An investigation into the hours of labor, wages
paid, method of payment tours Of duty the condi-
ton of railway emnlOVeS on all
in the United States.
8. An investigation as to the kind and amount Of
work performed III the penal institutions Of the
eral States and Territories of the United States and
the District of Columbia, the methods under which
convicts may DO employed in such institutions
and to all the facts pertaining to convict labor and
its influence upon the indu stres of the country.
A. An investigation into the distribution of prod
ucts the cost Of producing and distributing such
products. far the lea ling articles of consump
ton concerned, tracing each article from its pro-
duction to its consumption and gathering all the facts
as to cost and method of distribution.
5. An investigation into tho employment wages
condition. etc. of the women workers of great cities
The Commissioner expects to be able to report early
in the coming calendar year upon that part of his
present work which relates to convict labor and may
be- to strikes.
The Bureau has been put on very strong footing
through the generous action OF Congress in making
appropriations in accordance with estimates and it
now stands in position 10 perform its work thor
ou2hly and promptly
OF the Utah Commission and its work, the
Secretary says:
The chairman Of this Commission reports that, in
general during the past year, in the last and pre-
Yious years the law relating to the Acknowledgement
of poygamsts and those living in unlawful cohabita
ton has been fully and successfully enforced All
such persons with very few if any, exceptions have
been excluded from voting and holding Office During
this period as in the preceding year, criminal prose
cutlons for violations OF the law of Congress have
been numerous The Commission say that whether,
upon the whole, poygamous marriages the de-
crease III Utah is matter which different opinions
h.it bfa1lv have
been restrained by the fear of Acknowledgement aud
the penitentarv and they think it safe say that in
the more enlightened portions of the Territory.
polygamous marriages have occurred within the last
year, while III the remote counties there is
son to believe that such violations of the law
infrequent
In the opinion Of the Commission, the bill now
pending III the House, it amended by the Sen