Great Falls tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1885-1890, 1886-09-25
EARTHQUAKES AID BUILDING.
IL fes 41g tie z UNI

which have wrought such havoc il the
city OF Charleston and vicinity are prob
ahiy unique IN being tue first i'll this
country to cause destruction oflife. The
widespread destruction Of property also
accompanying them, eannot lat bring u
the mind Of eve~g thoughtful engineer
and architect, TIE question whether this
hitherto apparently remote danger 10 per
snanent structures i not 0f sufficient prob
abi,itF to require is recognition III ali
designs. There have been we'll defined
earthquake s,.ocks il tlie Vicinity Of New
York ard many Other paris n the coun-
tn. and ii would seem desirable that the
practicable bearings Of the subject should
be carefully studied. i recent paper by
Professor John Milne, I. G. s, Of tie Im-
rerial College Of Engineering q Toxic,
Japan, and the discussions f~olIenine.
gives some valuable Information Ii tlsis
direction. III shons th&t tile motions
arising are performed in eIlipses, paths
like the figure :. spirais, and in L cotn-
piexity OF directions too Intricate 10 define
They vary III direction, intensity and aa-
nlitule. The direction may b. vertical,
horizontal, u both 81 these combined, and
regard u an.y particular building, It'll,
may have mucu to do with it liability q
damage from i shock. Tie intensity CT
speed Of &eceleration, hr which the high
est velocity Of motion is reached, varies
greatly in different shocks and III differ
emf localities during the sane Shock, AMI
the author says, 1T Is evident that there
uay be 4 disturbance " very large am
piitude which would produce 10 destrue-
ton whatever" BY she clearly means
to say that ii the "cceleration OF velocity
be small, there Will he tine for the inertia
Of buildings to be overcome, and the
wake transmitted through them without
damage. i!te experiments II Toxic went
to prove that there was ja9st horizontal
motion on tie hills, although this rule
seems 20 he reversed Il Yokohama, or or
relatively hard or high ground, and more
motion Gil soft ground. It L~scliia, build
7.as y, bar, sa1;s 9.,., ,...,a A., 3,,,al
while those ou loose waters, cuta or clay,
.,,+4oraG n>n.. I,-. ,4. 4a,, fa.+ ,7ann i
,f-ot.7,, III ,,.+;,, - .r,,,o.. ,s~nraei
able. OF Ave d;ee~sa. a~arfaanatas re-.
e,efa1 :, ii, -. -, ,,o.:, n,r,l
uf+b that %. ,,,;,+ s..snr. e.a+ dis+a,+ on
s,ar4 orarn7 was - ta1s tha, ,av;an,r
val,o;+v y. t =, =, ~, 4,,a ...xi,-,,,, ~
,aIar.ts.,, a.- +..3
p.of ,Ii,na s,.~as -rn ,D,a. IL
luiIa;ncs IN a~ar+lan.ta s,an+,ias ,non
7~,orizoa+.i cts.-irn9 sbor e,,A o,ar+or Of nm
inch in diar}a+a, tEn c,arEin~ e+ran J.
Of each oS which is about $3.50 noinds.
EEe suoqr~,s deem foundations fren from
the snrrnnn-:,r earta. -l.+ an .r.be.
where Min ara i,arassa2. Shn,jd III c,1rv.
e. into. and Dot form j, sYa7a a t,a abnt.
naent5-;p other words H. S,hs,i+,.inn of
eiliptical OF other curved forms for SEQ
mental arches. flat windows and doors
shall not be vertically over eacl, other.
since thev form lines az weakness. ~ mas
been repeatedly illustrated i, destructive
shocks: that HIGH buildings should 81
aroided: that un.,er DYrts Of walls md
also roofs, should be made rs lieif rs
possible. and that steepfv ritc,,ed rooss
are dangerous.
1t is particularly recommended that
two parts Of j structure havino difTar-
en- vilrational neriods be ! coun1al to