Morning journal and courier., 1886-03-11

or taSLS sGOcK SpeculaClOn. 1no IFesldeilb said he had not. Then Voorhees, went on: s'Well, it is funny story, and it happened some years ago. East was worth about S3O,- 900, and he concluded that he could make a fortune with it if he went to Chicago. He had @ friend who was somewhat interested with him in Indianapolis, and before he left that city he promised to keep him advised by telegraph as to how he got along. The noon of the day he arrived ia Chicago he sent the following telegram to his friend: Have pointer on wheat and have in vested
 telegram, which read:
 Wheat has risen point and 8 half. God is goodl'
 |. FtAt o'clock third telegram arrived It read:
 Wheat has fallen five points. Good God'
 s'This, D concluded Senator voorhets,
 'eleaned East out and put stop to his spec | ulation:"
 Why Do Salmon Take The FIy4 From Chambers Journal,] Salmon anglers as a class are shrewd l and observant; many of them men of education; not few are men of distinction l in literature, science and art; and certainly few follow the business of their lives with | such an ardent zeal, watching and calcula- ting all the chances of success; yet, strange | ly enough, the anglers of to-day know little more than was known generations ago as to ! the habits of the fish, and how or when they most likely to succeed in capturing them. It is asserted that the salmon fly Is essentially the same lure as was used two centuries ago; and despite the great increase of anglers and the ready reward that awaits any improvement that inventor might ! produce, no lure has been devised at all equal to the so-called fly; for, be it bered, there is no consensus of opinion among anglers as to what this lure appears ! to be to the eye of the salmon. All are agreed that it resembles no living insect, l though some hold that it must be taken for an insect, from the opening and shutting Of the wings caused by the play of the rod; | others argue that it's appearance is that of shrimp as it moves in the water; while some maintain that it is an unmistakable minnow ! in appearance, and particularly in its move ments. Against the minnow theory it is I said: sWhy do not the salmon prefer the | natural to the artificial minnov, the latter of which even is much more ike the real fish?'' To this it is answered that the motion of the fly is much more minnow-like than either of these lures, while the wings are closely held in minnow-like shape in the heavy currents where salmon are commonly found, let the rod be played it may. In some rivers few salmon can be induced to take any lure, and in many rivers the
  we doubt if any man yet knows the cause thereof. On the other hand, there are frequent examples of salmon rising most de- terminedly several times in rapid succession, and each time giving tug at the fly; and there are cases, we know personally, i'll which both fly and worm hooks have been struck into the fshs mouth, the line broken, and the same fish caught by the same angler 8 few minutes later with similar lure, and brought to bank with the two severed | hooks in it's mouth. Such an example showed that some salmon feed greedily at l times. It also seems to disprove another theory advanced by many men-namely, that salmon feed rarely in fresh waters that it is only an idle freak when they rise to glittering moving lure.
 Miserable Condition of the Italian PeasaRtry.
 From the Nineteenth Century.l It would be difficult to exaggerate the miserable condition of the agricultural pop ulation in Italy, the wretched dwellings, the unwholesome food, the amount of disease, the low wages, the want of morality and of education. The diseases induced by unsani tary conditions are fearful. In the ''pella- gra, which is akin to leprosy, the body dries up and wastes away, the skin grows yellow and black and is covered with scales; it loses all feeling, so that prick cut is scarcely perceived; finally the patient, inert, apathe tic, motionless, half dead, with sunken eyes, becomes mere mummy, unconscious l ly awaiting the opening of his grave. It is sometimes said to arise from excessive poy erty and starvation, but" says the report, "why are there so many villages where the country people are almost dying of hunger without single case, while it is found in others not worse lodged and fedf' The probable cause is the use of putrid and mouldy maize, often exchanged by the mil lers for better corn, but also brought in from abroad; the bread is made into enormous loaves, baked thus to Airing, the inside of which grows putrid before the weeks end which they are intended to last. "Other diseases, though less heard of, quite as numerous-scrofula, chest complaints and, in some valleys, cretinism." It sounds strange in our ears to talk of consumption as one of the scourges which desolate Italy, of which we have considered the north to have sad monopoly. Malaria and levers of diff ferent kinds are extremely common in Lati- um, Lombardy and otker parts. Tertian fe- vers are as dangerous the pellagra in the Roman Campagna and the irrigated country in Lombardy. 'sWhere marshes exist man cannot thrive. If he does not destroy the marsh the marsh destroys him." The exces- sively divided property in parts of Italy is such as to reduce it to mere pro1etariate of
 
 who could not possibly carry out any sanita-
 " improvements, even if decreed by the
 law. Health and morality are inseparably bound up together; for instance, about Rome
 there is a zone of small properties amount ing to about twenty thousand acres. Here
 the want of water, of proper houses and of
 cultivation, and the total absence of roads
 at the very gates of the Eternal City, greatly
 diminishes the value of the soil. The result
 is curious told by Catholic observer:
 ssThe few times when the peasants earn
 money they drink to excess, so as to be seen
 rolling on the ground; they have no morali-
 ty and live in abominable vice. Education
 is almost nil In place of religion there is
 the grossest superstition; children are taught
 to go to church as horses and dogs are
 drilled; the men gabble Latin prayers and
 have no notion of duty. By few obser-
 vances bad women and hrigands contrive to
 consider themselves very religious" Wages
 are from 10d to Is. a day, but there are
 nearly hundred festival days. Farm ser
 wants, who are clothed and fed, have As. to
 6s., the women from Is. to s. @ month.