davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
The Farmer,s P1ow in India.

The farmer Of India uses a plow made
of q piece Of iron a foot in length, an
inch wide and half an inch thick, which
is slrarpened at the lower end and fixed
in a triangular piece OF wood attached to
the yoke on the necks of the bullOcks by
a rope of manila grass. This plow tears
up the ground like a harrow, and by
hard work can be made to go over nearly
an acre of ground in a day. The opera
ton of plowing is repeated five or six
times before each sowing, or about ten
times a year, as two crops are raised.
After the last blowing the sower follows
after the machine and carefully drops
the seed into the furrOw. = Boston
BUDGET
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Statue of william LLOYD Garrison.

o. L. Warmers bronze statue of Will
lam Lloyd Garrison, which is to stand on
Commonwealth avenue, Boston, nearly
opposite the Hotel Vendome, represents
Mr.. Garrison as seated, looking to the
right. His right hand rests on his thigh
and holds roll of manuscript, and his
left arm is resting on the arm of the
chair. The head is uncovered. His
features indicate benevolence and firm
ness of will. The pose is easy and nat
ural. The statue is colossal" in size.
The figure would measure nine feet if
erect. The artist has made a work of
simplicity and strength. After begin
ming the work Mr.. Warner discovered
life mask of Mr.. Garrison's face, made
probably during the war, and this aided
him greatly. The casting has been satis-
factory. Chicago Journal.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

In Decatur county Georgia, is situated
a remarkable cavern called the Blowing
cave. The entrance to the cave is
thirty feet long and twenty feet wide
and is about twelve feet deep. 1t has
two openings, through which it is said
to breathe. 1t draws in air in the fore
noon and blows it out in the afternoon.
A person who places his ear near one of
the mouths will hear a noise resembling
a loud roaring of wind. 1t is thought
the cave has some connection with the
gulf of Mexico. The owner says he often
goes to its mouth ON hot evenings and
gets a refreshing breeze. = Chicago
Times.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

One of the forest curiosities of the 18TH
mus of Darien and lower Central Amer
lea is the tree-kilIer (matapalo.) This
starts in life as a climber upon the trunks
Of large forest trees, and, owing to its
marvelously rapid growth, soon reaches
the lower branches. 1t then begins to
throw out many shoots, which entwine
themselves all around the trunk and
branches, and also aerial tendrils, which
as soon as they reach the ground tal1e
root. In a few years this gigantic para
site will completely Nnvelop the trunk q f
the tree which has upheld it, and kill ii.
The whole of the inner dead tree VIII
then rot away, leaving the hollow mata-
palo standing alone and flourishing.-.
EXCHANGE.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
nav. WORK of Our Grandfathers.

A gentleman whose recollection of af-
fairs of long ago is very clear, says in
regard to the hours of labor back in the
eos:
'The days work sixty years ago was
from sun to sum- that is beginning at
sunrise and leaving off at sunset. This,
of course made large difference in the
length of days between summer and
winter; consequently the building was
mostly done ia the long daysof summer.
The price then paid for labor was from
IS cents to 81 per day, and to carpenters
and masons $1.25 to $3.50 per day. The
bell in the clock steeple of DR.. Lathroy's 5
meeting-ho was, by order of the town,
rung at o'clock for breakfast, at II
o'clock for luncheon, o'clock for din
ner, o'clock for luncheon, and at 9
o'clock at night for all apprentices to go
to bed. The employer then furnished at
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
CIimatic VarIetv sbovv

The territory of the United States has
some 450 different climatic districts, cor
responding to all possible regions of Eu-
rope and western asia. New Orleans,
for instance, corresponds to Lisbon, San
Francisco to Naples, st. Louis to Odessa,
Chicago to Dorpat and Riga, Kansas City
to Berlin, Los Angeles toSmyrna, Seattle,
Washington territory, to Dublin, Nash
vile to Milan, Louisville to Vienna, Gin
cinnati to Breslau, Santa Fe to Adriano-
pie, Richmond, Va, to Geneva.-Dr. Fe-
Liz L. Oswald.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Markets of the German Capital.

The entire domestic economy of Berlin
has during the last few days been revo-
lutionized. Up to the present month the
markets of Berlin have been held in
squares and open spaces. There has
been no covered hall. Now, however,
all the markets have been swept away
and this week series of market halls,
built on a colossal and imposing scale in
various quarters of the city, have been
opened for public use. At least two of
the abolished markets date from early in
last century, and all have their peculiar
historical associations. If the house
wives of Berlin were polled on the sub
ject the new market halls would be SEN
fenced to demolition but the authorities
of the city are doing all they can by pub
lie expositions of the matter and other
means to remove the popular prejudice
against the innovation.
1t is an almost incredible fact that an
inhabitant of Londen consumes In a year
thirty-two times as much fish as an in
habitant of Berlin, and that though the
stores of the North sea are open to the
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

IL o'clock BLACK strap Qyew EagIand
rum and molasses) and hard bread and
cheese, and at o'clock another dram of
black strap This dram was carried to
the workmen to save time. About fifty
years ago one Seth Luther set up as re-
former that ten hours of labor was the
proper time. He neglected his work
(that of stonemason) and died in the
poor-house. Boston Transcript.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Truly benevolent men must often in
cur the charge of close-hstedness in order
that they may have the means to re-
Heve the wants of really worthy people.
Old Ben Franklin, who was the very soul
of generosity, is to this day very often
called close-fisted because he exercised a
wise discrimination in aiding others.
Amy man in conspicuous position who
does not say No 100 times a month will
soon be unable to say Yes when the re-
ally destitute apply for help.-New York
Tad0er
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Tho Profit of Growing Lobsters

The close watch kept by the authori-
ties in Maine to prevent the sale of
short or small Holsters has given rise
to new industry. Last fall firm
bought a lot of small Holsters and put
them in a forty-acre pound in a cove at
Vinal Haven. They were fed literally
through the winter on fish heads and
like food, and now weigh from two to
six pounds each, and bring so a hun
dred pounds ia the Boston market.-Ex-
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Tree-Planting Near Russian Railroads.

Tree-PIanting Near Russian Railroads.
A correspondent of The Farmers Re-
view says that when riding over thou
sands of miles of Russian railway four
years ago, he was Interested in the sys-
tenn of shrub and tree-plapting to arrest
snow at all points where banks could
form. The trees are planted twenty-five
to thirty feet from the rails in five to
seven lines, five feet apart and the plants
a foot and half apart in the rows. The
three inner lines are planted with trees,
and the outer ones with conifers or
shrubs. This system is said to protect
very perfectly the roads during the gales
on the steppes. The snow is whirled in
heaps back of and among the trees and
shrubs, and fails to reach the rails to a
serious sextent.=Exchange
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Fish lizards have been found in large
numbers in the vicinity of Rock lake,
Manitoba. The lizard is about eight TO
ten inches long, has a smooth, scaleless
skin like an eel, mouth and a head like
a catfish, gills like fish, but the cover
ing furnished with extensions at each
side fully an inch and a hsf long, four
weak legs like a lizard, with webbed feet
and long tail like that OF tadpole.
The head is large in proportion to the
body.-Chicago Herald.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
The Antiquity of the Harp.

The antiquity of the harp appears in the
fact that the ancient Egyptian frescoes
contain harps that are 5000 years old.
Bruce gives some copies of paintings in
1OO-gated Thebes of a harp in the tomb
of Rameses, thus showing that before
Athens was built the Egytians used this
instrument. Bible readers know King
David'5 favorite instrument was the harp
called kinnorA 1t is said that when
hung over his couch the wind caused the
strings to sound at midnight-the prin-
ciple of the @olian nharp.-Exchange
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

1t appears from a recent book on sea
legends that there are many ways TO
raise the wind. You may suspend he
goat skin at the masthead, you may fog
boy at the mast, you may burn a
broom and let the handle turn toward
the desired quarter, you may blow out
to sea the dust from the chapel floor,
you may stick knife in the mizzenmast
or scratch the foreniast with a nail, and
30 on.-Exchange.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
killing the Condor OF the Andes.

The Chilian government is charged
with carrying on a novel war against the
condor of the Andes, looking to its ex-
termination. 1t has issued n proclama-
ton declaring the bird to be an enemy to
the republic, and offering a bounty of
s. head for every condor killed. The
gigantic vulture has increased so rapidly
in the past few years all along the west
ern slope Of the great mountain chain
-A=A If has become public nuisance.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Curlons reeth OF a woodohnoI..

A woodchuclS was captured in Coram,
Mass, the other day having teeth of a
peculiar malformation. Its upper teeth
were of extraordinary length and curled
inwardly, terminating in the roof Of it's
mouth. Two lower teeth were fully as
long, but shot upward outside the mouth.
On account Of this curious development
the animal had no use of his teeth, and
in consequence had nearly starved when
caught Chicago Herald.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

German metropolis, Paris with her 2, ,22O,-
600 inhabitants consumes more fish than
the whole of Germany with population
of 47,000,0 ,000 This scanty consumption
of fish is one of the things in which the
new market halls are expected to effect
an improvement. Berlin requires yearly
1926, 900, 900 pounds of food, including
100, ,O0O,0 900 pounds of fresh meat, 3,0OO,-
900 pounds of birds of all sorts. $500. 600
pounds of game, "a, 900, 900 litres of milk,
10000 900 pounds of butter, 5000, 900 of
pounds of cheese, 10000, 600 pounds of
eggs, 81, 900, 900 pounds of fruit, 5000, 900
pounds of oranges, 21, 900, 900 pounds of
fresh fish. 7,OO0,000 pounds of smoked
fish and 5000, 900 pounds of picked fish.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Peculiarities of the Irish Alphabet.

OF A1pnaDeG"
Our alphabet came directly to us from
the Irish missionaries and professors of
religion and wisdom, who taught Christi
anity to the heather Angles, Saxous,
Jutes, Goths, Germans, Danes and
Swedes several centuries after the death
of our Lord. Instead of using the Latin
names for the letters taken from the
Christian Romans they gave them names
of their own. Their wise and pious men
had been members of, or were the
pupils of, class of 4earned heathens
called the Druids. In ancient Ireland a
drui was prophet, priest, doctor and
magician, and the name seems to be con-
nected with Our word tree. 1t was
against the rule of the Druids to write
things down. They were in the habit of
retiring to the deepest woods for medita-
ton and study, sometimes attended by
pupils.
That is probably the reason why the
Irish, among whom the Druids retained
their power the longest-because Ire
land was the hardest to reach of all the
great islands thereabouts, and the last to
feel the changes taking place elsewhere in
Europe-chose this pretty system of
naming Ine IeJUerS Oh Ine LdIIn alpndDeI
when it became common. Instead of
calling A alpha, as the Latins usually
did, they said A, aim, the word which
stood in their language for palm tree and
came, in sound, nearest to alpha, and be-
gan with an "a" Instead of beta they
said BETH, the word for birch tree, al
most the same in sound as the Phoeni-
clan, but quite different in meaning.
And so with the other letters: Cob,
hazel; DUR, oak; eadha, aspen; fearan,
alder; gort, ivy; huath, white thorn;
iogha, yew; luis, mountain ash; muin,
vine; nuin, ash; oir, broom; peith, dwarf
elder; suil, willow; teine, furze; ur,
heath. They called this alphabet beth
luisnion, choosing out the letters B, L,
and N, instead of the letters A and B, to
form a name.-St. Nicholas.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Ono Trse for slipperv-E1m Barl,.

SHppery-elm bark is a good remedy
for scaly boilers, and, though success
fully used for number of years, is as
yet not extensively known. 1t is placed
in the boiler and left there, the scale fall
ing Off in flakes and sheets, which should
be removed Immediately. - Chicago
Nev-S
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
The Curions Kermes OAK.

The Botanical Gardens, London, have
succeeded in cultivating the curious
Kermes oak (quercus cocifera), which,
when punctured by one of the coceus in
sects, produces the ancient, blood-red
dye supposed to have been used by Moses
to tint the hangings Of the tabernacle.
The Kermes oak is dwarf, bushy shrub,
somewhat resembling holly, and grows
profusely in SPAIN Philadelphia Call.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
The Decrease of American Tonnage.

In 1870 the American flag floated over
597 sea-going merchant steamers, having
a tonnage of 513, 792 tons, while in 1885
The number of such vessels had fallen to
900, and the tonnage had increased to
only 545. 1877 tons
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
white Ants Tound In Tllinols.

Not long ago the floors and other
woodwork in the house of John Wilson,
of Mount Palatine, Ills, began to give
way. An examination showed that most
of the wood in the house had been fairly
honey-combed by white ants and rem
dered utterly useless. The ants are de-
Bcribed as resembling those of Africa
Chicago Journal
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

In England the speaker of the house of
commons is the first commoner of the
kingdom, and always receives a peerags
when he resigns that he may not step
back into the ranks.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Drafted the Maine Liquor law.

John Boynton Hill, prominent law
yer in Maine, and the man who drafted
the original Maine liquor law, recently
died. He was 80 years old, and was a
classmate of Ralph Waldo Emerson, be-
ing graduated FROM Harvard college in
1s21,-Inter Ocean,
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Tho First whiskered President.

Abraham Lincoln was the first presi-
dent of the United States to wear whis-
kers. All his predecessors had smooth
faces.-Chicago Tribune.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

The Chinaman is very fond of dress,
and, though sometimes dirty in his hab-
its. is scrupulOusly clean in his person.
His religion enjoins vegetarianism and
cleanliness. His remissness in the former
matter is qualified by his attention to the
latter Chicago Herald.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

More than 200 patents for inven-
tions are registered in the patent office at
Washington.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

A movement in favor of changing the
presidential term to six years is finding
much favor in Mexico.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

The money value of the real estate
changing hands weekly in New York Is
81, ,OOO, 900.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
The swnn,s sweet nenth SONG.

at the time of his death probably orig
mated in the swan being identified with
Orpheus. We read that, "after his
death, Orpheus, the musician, became a
swan. Thus was it the bird of Apollo,
called the bird of music of the Greeks "
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Friendship is like debt of honor, the
moment it is talked of it loses its real
name and assumes the more ungrateful
form of igation.-Goldsmith
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

In India there are four female mission
aries to every million of women.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Cadmus, the grandfather of Bacchus,
first taught men how to eat as civilized
beings should.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Where money alone is king, manhood
IS at its lowest ebb.-Jud Lafagan.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
Carpenters and nIasons Of Paris

In Paris the carpenters and masons
have formed society, the object of
which is to prevent work on buildings
on Chicago Journal.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

There are now in force in this country
more than 225, 900 patents for inventions.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

The colored people of the District of
Columbia have eighty churches and mis-
sions-
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

The worlds ninty-four geographical so
rieties contain 49, 600 members.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Post-mortem kindness savors too much
of hypocrisy to be fragEant-Jud Lafa-
gan. 4
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

Obstinacy is the heroism Of ittls
minds.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29
CONISTON'S COURTSHIP.

John Gordon Annesley, Earl of Conis-
ton, sat in the cabin of the Brighton
boat, reading his evening paper. He had
just folded and put in his pocket long
letter from his friend and partner, Sir
Campbell Frazer, in which that gentle
man announced that affairs at the ranch
of San Rosalie were going on perfectly,
but that he must beg his "dear old Jack"
to put off his sailing date just a fortnight,
as he now found that he could not be in
New York possibly before the close of the
month (October) or later.
Coniston was in the midst of frown
over this piece of intelligence as he
glanced over the paper. lie hated
American and the Americans; he longed
to put the sea between himself and this
displeasing nation; he yearned for shoot
ing" and the Highlands; he scorned the
gayeties of all the American watering
places, and stopped at the Pavilion
solely, as he openly avowed, because
Brighton was an English name for a
place, and for the other reason that here
he was within an hour of Pier SO, North
river, and could step on board Guion
boat at almost moments warning.
ConistOn, therefore, chafed under the in
Fiction of an additional fortnight in the
land of his loathing. Albeit the ranch
of San Rosalie was adding a considerable
number of thousands to his income, he
still-just at that particular moment
wished it at the bottom of the Red sea.
However this may be, Coniston's va
cant eye at this juncture took in very
neat little figure as it advanced in the
cabin; it was followed by another-a
plump, middle-aged lady's figure, much
burdened with shawls and wraps,
and evidently in deadly peril of
draught, for before seating itself, both
the neat little fig are and the plump du-
emma examined carefully the fastenings
of all adjacent windows.
This one seems tightly closed, Aunt
Dorinda," the girl said in her clear, light
voice.
Horrible American tone, calculated to
lacerate fog!" mentally commented his
lordship.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1886-07-29

"Oh!" cries the girl, with little inn
patient wave of her hand, and throwing
back her pretty blonde head; show
abhor Englishmenl They are so in terror
of even their minor emotions. A French
man, German, an Italian, any other
nationality in the world is ready, eager
to put his flirtatious propensities into the
most delicious languages; but an English
man."-she shudders-"he stops to Won
der what he is about to feel, and 10! the
emotion vanishes! ha! ha! hal"
Jamestown weekly alert. [volume] (Jamestown, Stutsman County, D.T. [N.D.]) 1882-1925, 1886-08-19

CAss county constitutes legislative
district BY it's self, and will be
represented In the legislature by coun
Gilman and two members of the house.
The Fargo Republican has suggested
that no one is better able to represent the
county in the council than w. r. Bal
the able attorney and dispssionate lea-
soner before the court. Candidates for
the house are numerous, and bring
weighty claims for popular consideration
but none more 50 than the Hon. Jsmes
G. Gill of Wheatland, who would make
hosts Of friends at Bismarck for Csss and
himself, il he should be selected as rep
resentatlve. Speaking of two Of
Cass' candidates, brings forward others,
old timers and knowing ones who
have lived, not 10! but high these many
years, in lhe.good grsces of the constituent
cy. They come IN cIusters-John Hag-
CART, sheriff perpetual; Treasurer Burk;
Jack Gleason. the ladies' candidate, who
is invlncible with his statesman's white
hat and regulation dent, aud Major Ed
wards, whose very name makes the editor
of the Yankton Press and Dakotaian curl
and splutter with rage. Others there are
-notables-some with reputation - vide
- the circulation of the Argus-but oil
good men, who, per force. are in good hu-
Jamestown weekly alert. [volume] (Jamestown, Stutsman County, D.T. [N.D.]) 1882-1925, 1886-08-19

In re-cast of the progress made in
L.aMoure county during the past year
the Progress Chronicle quotes from the
assessors records and congratulates the
citizens on the fine showing made. 1t
says:
LsMoure county settlement can scarce.
" be called four years old, yet this year
there we're nearly $4,000 acres in cultiva-
tlon-an increase of about one. third over
last year; while the increase in live stock
cattle, horses, mules and swine-has
been IN about the same proportion for the
year. The growth in population, though
not remarkable, is still most gratifying.
The census of 's5 gave us total of 2,o72
The assessor now reports the number Of
males at l464, females lO36-total, $500
precisely-a gain OF 42S. The village of
LaMeure has advanced from 1853 to 4sO, .
gain of l22 since last year.
These figures tell their own story.
They show not only steady, but rapid
progress in development, and that the
people of this favored region are sssu-
redly marching on to future of pros
perity and wealth. We do not believe
that more has been accomplished any
where with equal facilities, or that the
people of any county In Dakota are more
happily situated today.
Jamestown weekly alert. [volume] (Jamestown, Stutsman County, D.T. [N.D.]) 1882-1925, 1886-08-19

A MEETING for the purpose Of organiz-
ing county agricultural society and live
stock exposition for LaMoure county will
be held in LaMoure, Saturday, the 2lst
inst, at 2 p. m. All parts of the county
seem interested, and successful orgsni-
zation is predicted. A movement like
this is what Stutsman county farmers and
stock growers have been contemplating
for some time and next year will doubt
less accomplish. jamestown is situated
exactly right to have the largest and
most successful fair IN North Dakota.