The sun., 1886-01-10

ss.es,. ana r.turs Of R.iis,..s.

che published plan. this book nhould be fol-
lowed by two volumes treating respectively OF
professional and industrial Institutions. But
recalling tho obstruction offered by Ill health
TO persistent labor. Mr.. Spencer does not look
forward with assurance TO tho completion even
OF his attanlpt to apply tho inductivs method
Of inquiry TO tho data OF sociology.
Tho examination OF tho principles Of
morality. begun In tho Data Of Etu!cs."
e,so remains uncomrletod. Yet wien we
consider tho scoro OF tie synthetic philosophy.
stsayod by Mr.. Spencer. and which lnvoiycd n
propoundin.; OF tho nrst principles Of knowl-
eGso succnclcd b e Formulation os tho rrlnci
plea OF bio oay md C: ;7yc&o!o.y-whi Nerc
6esisned to form tho groundwork for the SUI
bsrstructures rotating tu sociology and mo-
fAiity-the marvel 10 that Il scheme of proror
lions so colossal should hny, been carried %
near to thorough execution In th course o! ono
mans .ife. Not only aro Tho methods hv which
the materials supplied by modern Science may
BE- wrought into m all embracing philosophy
OF evolution. exroundcl nnd eXomplI'cd In
Nr. Spcncer's haosa. not only has he forgcd
tho organon. but tho frnotion ot the wat field
to bo trnvCrael which will. in any event. he left
for other hands to work over. Is fnconsihernb'c.
whether indeed. the timn Is yot rinn for gem
sralizatlous 50 broad and primal as those laii
down by .If Spencer. or much less for nppli-
cations OF the inhuc.ive process TO data 90 i'm
perfect and elusive as thoso OF sociov:y and
Of morality. arc questions about which sci"n
Nsts and Philosophers attn differ Eut few
biologists would nov affirm tho probability tha;
tho fundamental principles Of thu SpcEccran
system will noe! material rccon:,truction for
adjustment to my progress Of fknowti.:o that
nay be looked for in the rcXt hall century.
In prec ding volume. which sct forth " Tho
Oatn OF Sociology" Mr. Spencer had occasion to
trace the Dcsis OF tho religious ilon and OF
ecclesiastical systems. Alter ros.GtinG with
fresh illustration aud additional emphasis tho
motives and conditions to which religion and
Its structural outcome. occ!osastic.sm. owe
their origin. 10 follows item ti!rnus! al. their
early and intermediate Stages to tho forms
they havo assumed in the most highly civilized
forms Of contemporary society. fIo ia thus
9rtTn to consider TIE Significance ol certain
ShoIomenH in tho existing social constitution
OF Great britain Such Qs tho civil func-
lions OF priests. tho traditional relations
ct Church all State. aud tho protest
against such relations made by noncon-
sormity-wLich have been ur may Pres
eEtiy become the iivotS of heated political con-
troversy. Tho discussion is clos ri with two
charters. in which a cautious attempt is made
10 deduco from the retrospect somo conception
OF tho prospect OF ecccsiastical institutions
the last OF these chapters has n!rendy beun
printed In the Ninrieeni Ceatuv 1t Is the
1snuitimnto ono specifically devoted to tho
past and future OF ccces!usticism from which
the render will prefer to SEQ extracts.
We must. Mr. Spencer thinks. Assume that
evolution vii! continue along tho same Een-
vs>t E"cS;" but because ccclosiagtical instltu-
ttons gro >Gsorved TO ho.d lass Important
places In higher s"c!9tios than in loScr sorie-
Ges. ho would mot inc tAnt they will here.
Lf:er wholly disappear. II in .-H.c- To e",.s
there remain functions to be IL n'.oo " any
way analogous to their present fulcions we
raust conclude that they vii! nuryivo under
some form or other" Tho author then
,ssays to answer tho question. under
what form will they survive. by tho
following forcrnst: That separation OF
ecclesiastical institutions from political In
BtitutiOns toreshalowsd in simple societies
when tho civil ruler begins to dcputo OCCASION
Aly his priesliy function. and which in many
Ways with many notifications according to
heir types. eoc"tIes hsvc Increasingly dis
played as they Lave derc!oped. may be expected
10 become complete. Nowadays. indeed. tho
completing Of it. already crcctnl IL some cases.
S recognized as but II question Of tiale in other
eases. AL which 1t here concerns Us to observe
q that separation is the on!irG OF u process OF
tho moro militant tyre. characterized by tho
erodominancs OF structures which lnuiatain
subordnntion. and carried cut in greater de-
Erees In societies that have become moro Indus
TRIAL In their tyre and less coCrclve in t!.oir
r:guNativo appliances"
Bu. the complete divorce OF Church md
State. To sharp d.r-rtltation Q. the occ.cc.as-
tical iroa every civil element OF tho sGciG!
product. is one thing; the extinction Of that
element is another. Mr.. S!cnerr does not
lank for any early dlsapYu.rhEco OF ecce-
sigs,icisrn. lut no docs look for the dis-
in.cgraton OF its present rIora elaborate
forms. "IAe samn emotional! anl ia!n,iec-
tual notifications which. whiio caus!uG the
it,Tin!shcd POWER Of State churches, has
caused the multiplication Of churches. in
dspendeEt Of tho State. may BE- expected
TO continue hereafter doing the like. We
nsy look for increased numbers OF re-.
lE!ous bodies having tho,r respective
t!Gercnccs OF belief and practice. Though
Along with intellectual advance there may prob
ably so. In ths majority of sscts :hus arising.
Approximation 10 Il unity Of creed in essentials.
yet ahn!o.g suggests that shades OF difference
instead o. dsap. caring. will become myrc an
Dsrous. Diygr.:enccs Of opinion Ike those
which. within our generation, havn been tax.
ing place IN the Established iArt:',csnI Church
may be expnctc! TO arise In MI religious hoiics
AID In Others hercafter formed. Simultaneous
ly there will probably continue In tho snmn di-
Faclion as heretofore changes in Cnurch Eov-
srnInent Thst fostering of individuality
Which accompanies da,,lqpmuut II the indus
tria. Epo OF soc.G.y !LuS- cause ihtruas3 y. in
dspoAdonce In ~ religious or.N.. .Iati ,p,;and
sloag With the r5lucnmgGt Of co.a 9'1te auton-
Or b. each rG!!t: body liei Ia lIAel2 20 be
. complete loas u the sacurloia chr a!cr by
+. - ,,,t, ; I.
re.inGulsLneEt Of pr.est'y AUTHORITY which has
gone far amon.. disscntcrs viii hocnIns enl..e."
But. OF course, tho Ire!'ri7d Eorlgat;oD
everywhere Of CLUuh &uL S,aru, aud Tho ,,j-
serted tendaacY OF oynry given o'ricy ;ns!icnl
structure to hl"inteG:E,!aD. dero:l uprG tho
soundncss gi q fundamental pystn.u., GhDa.
which Mr. Sp"nc.r nov sgeats wt'l rl,GJ "as
sonadenco than hs did when hc lu't pVt tho
ground p.aG OF the rya;Gctic III: osop'y