Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1886-10-09
Paper Pulp and Its Uses.

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The principal materials used are cotton
and linen rags, waste paper, straw, es-
parto grass, wood, cane, jute, and ma
nilla. But besides these, scores Of other
substances in the vegetable world have
been used for the purpose with more or
less euccess. One of the recent discov-
cries of modern science is the manufac-
ture of very fine quality of pulp from
the thick leaf stalk Of the giant cactus,
which grows in forests on the arid plat
eaus of Arizona and southern California,
and has hitherto been regarded as wholly
without value for any use Of man. Rags
are made into pulp by first washing, then
boiling for about ten hours in an aka
line solution. They are then put into
the hollander engine, which is an oblong
vat having in the middle cylinder with
blunt knives all around it's surface and
beneath it block covered also with
blunt knives. This cylinder makes
about $50 revolutions minute. Water
runs into the vat at one side, and flows
out at the other side with equal rapidity.
Meanwhile the rags are carried by the
flowing water around the cylinder which
Is placed near enough to the block to sep
arate their fbers considerably in the
movement. This process lasts about
four hours, and the rags are then drain.
ed and put for three hours in the bleach
ing vat, which contains strong solution
of chloride of lime; or other bleaching
material and has also central revolv-
ing cylinder, upon block with knives,
so that the material is cut still finer in
this vat also. It is then put into the
beater, another vat of like construction
in which the revolving cylinder is placed
80 near to the block that it beats upon
it in its revolution, and thus in the course
of four or five hours reduces the SUBJ
stance to fine pulp.
Waste paper is put into boilers,
through which hot solution Of soda
passes continually, to remove printers
ink. 1t is then put through the washing,
bleaching, and beating engines, just as
rags are, these processes, however, in the
case Of paper, occupying much less time.
Straw, esparto, and other grasses are
chopped fine with cutters, and then boiled
with strong solution Of caustic soda, to
dissolve the gummy matter. on them.
After this the substance is reduced to
pulp in engines in much the same way as
with rags. Wood pulp is made by fra
reducing the wood to chips, then boiling
in q very strong solution Of csustic soda
under tremendous pressure. It is then
washed and bleached as the other sub
stances, and in the beating engine is
usually mixed with certain proportion
of rag pulp, a. paper made Of pure wood
pulp lacks cohesiveness. Cane pulp fl
made by what is called the Lyman pro-
cess, which consist< in putting the strip
ped cane in cylindrical boilers, and then
introducing steam till the pressure Of $50
pounds to the square inch il obtained.
The cover of the cylinder is then remov.
ed and the escaping steam hurls the cane
with such tremendous force against q
surface placed thirty feet away as to re-
duce it to mass Of brown pulp. In this
form it "a used to make roofing and
wrapping paper, and it is also sometimes
bleached and beaten and made into
white paper. Manila and jute are boiled
in rotary boilers, with milk Of lime, il
plain brown paper is to be made, with
caustic soda Il white quality il wanted.
Besides tho manufacture Of paper, pulp
from any material IL devoted to . large
variety Of uses, such a. making paste
board, papier mache, boxes, boards,
sheathings for vessels, boats, furniture,
filings for car wheels, tubs buckets, and
other household articles. A mandatory
In the east make doors and door frames
Of paper pulp. also cupboards and win
dow frames and sashes, all complete and
ready to be put in their place IN houses.
A steamboat has been made for expert
ment, entirely from paper pulp. In TACT,
the possible uses Of this substance are
too numerous to mention.
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