The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1886-12-16
sraiiy adequate 60 the needs Of our intercourse.

service 10 the Argentine Republic, and for semi
and the sub. ect is commended TO your con-
eiutfatlon. IL is obvious duty 10
rovide the means OF postal communication
dent forecast OF results the wise extension OF it
may lead to stimulating intercourse and be-
come the harbingcr OF II profitable traffic, which
Wall open new avenues for the disposition of the
ire of our industry The circumstances OF
the countries at tho far south Of our continent
are su, rs To invite our enterprise and afford
the promise OF sufficient advantages 70 justify
an unusual effort 30 bring about the closer rela-
lions which greater freedom of communication
would tend to es ablsh.
suggest that. as distinguished from grant
or subsidy for the mere benefit OF any Inc OF
trade or travel, whatever outlay may be re-
CURED 10 secure the additional postal service
necessary and proper and not otherwise attain.
able, should be regarded within the limit OF
legitimate compenr alton for such cryice
RECOMMENDATIONS.
The extension OF the free delivery service as
suggested by the Postmaster General has here
tofore received my sanction, and il is To be
upon.
The request for an appropriation sufficient to
hces has my appreciation.
renew my approval OF the Recommendation
OF the Postmaster General that another assist
ant provided for the Postotiice Departments
and invite your attention to the several other
recommendations in his report
FEDERAL PENIrENTIARY.
The conduct of the Department OF Justice for
the last fiscal year is duly detailed in the report
OF the Attorney General, and / invite the
earnest attention Of Congress to the same,
and due consideration of the recommendations
tnerein contained. In the report Submit al bY
this officer TO tho last session OF Congress-
ne strongly recommended the erection Of a
penitentary for the confinement of prisoners
convicted and sentenced in the United States
courts, and he repeats the recommendation in
his report for the last year. This is matter OF
very great Importance and should at once re-
ceive Congressional action. Unitei states pris-
oners are now confined in more than thi ~ diff
ferent State prisons and pOniteut aries situated
IN every part of the country, They are sub
leeted TO nearly as many different modes OF
treatment and discipline, and are far too much
removed from the control and regulation OF the
government. 80 far as they are entitled TO
humane treatment and OPP .rtunity for improve
ment and reformation, the Government is re-
sponsible TO them and society that tsrese things
are forthcoming. but this duty can scarcely be
discharged without more absolute control and
discretion than is possible under the present
system.
PRISON REFORM
Many OF our good citizens have interested
themselves, with the most beneficial results. on
tho question of prison reform. The General
Government should be in situat on, since
there must he United States prisoners 70 fur
nish important aid in this movement, and
should be able to illustrate what may be prac-
tcally done in the direction Of this reform, and
Improvement OF its prisoners worthy OF imita-
ton. With prisons undor its own control, the
;
vexed que st on of convict labor far its con-
victs were concerned, according 10 n Plaza If its
own adoption and with due regard 10 the = gifts
and interests Of our labCrng citizens. inst al
OF sometimes aiding in the operation of Il svs-
TEN which causes among them irritati II and
discomfort Upon consideration OF this subject
it might be thought wise t. erect more than one
OF these institutions, located in such places as
would best subserve the purposes OF conyen-
fence and economy in transportation. The con
siderabls cost of maintaining the conv cts, rs
fgfn lg fIff 4
by the adoption OF the plan ISoposed and by
employing them in the manufacture Of sUcn
articles as were needed for use by the Govern
mcnt quite a large pccuninry benefit would be
realized in partial retdrn for our outlay.
THE JUDICIAL SYS lem.
again urge change in the Federal judicial
system 70 meet the wants Of the people and OBJ
viate tho delays necessarily attending the pres
Ont condition OF affairs III courts. All are
agreed that something should be done, and
much fave is shown by those well able TO adj
WISE TO the plan sugSes ed by the Attorney Cen
eral at the last session Of Congress, and recon-
mended in my last annual message. This rec
ommendatOn is here renewed I gether with an
other made at the same time, touching a
chance in the manner of compromising district
attorneys and marshals and the latter subject
10 commended to Congress for its action in
the interest OF economy 10 the Government and
humanity, fairness, and justice TO our people.
The INDIAN BUREAU.
The report OF the Secret nv OF the Interior
presents IL comprehensive summary OF the work
OF the various branches of the public service
connected with his department, and the sucCes-
tions and recommendations which il contains
for the improvement OF the service should re-
ceive your careful consideration. The exhibit
made OF the condition OF our Indian population
lightenment. Notwithstanding the many
embarrnssments which hinder the bet
ter administration OF this important
branch Of the service is n gratifying and hopeful
ono. The funds appropriated for the Indian
service for the fiscal year just passed, with the
available income from Indian land and trust
moneys, amounting in all to $3.50, 715 Il, were
ample for the service under the conditions and
restrictions Of laws regulating their ex-
penditure. There remained balance
On hand on Juna -, 1856, Of Sl660, 0I3.30,
OF which Sl,337, G8Sl are permanent funds
for fGlhlment Of treaties and other like pur-
poses, and the remainder. S32L2jj.g9, is subject
70 be carried TO the surplus fund required by
law. Tho estimates presented for appropri-
ations for the ensuing fiscal year amount TO
So 90 G73C4 or S442 20 less than those laid be-
fore Congress last year. Tho present system Of
agencies, whilo absolutely necessary AMI we'll
adapted for tho management OF Indian af-
fairs and for tho ends in view when
it was adopted is, il the present stage Of Indi-
management, inadequate, standing alone,
for tho accompj shment OF ali object which has
become pressing in infortance-the more rapid
transition from tribal organizations 70 citizen
ship of sucll portions Of the Indians Us are Gu
pablo OF civilized life. When the existing sys-
tenn was adopted tho Indian race was outside
OF the limits Of organized States and Territories,
and beyond the immediate reacu and operat4 on
of civilization, AMI oil efforts were mainly di-
rected to tho maintenance Of friendly re-
lations and tho preservation o. peace
and quiet on tho frontier All this
Is now changed There is no such thing rs the
Indian frontier Civilization. with the busy
hum of industry and tho influence of Chris
tianity, surrounds those CoOple a. every point
None OF the tribes outside of the bounds sf
organized government and society, except that
tho Territorial system has not been extended
over that portion Of the country known as the
Indian Territory. AS race the Indians are no
longer hostile out may be considered rs sub
mssivo TO the control of the Government, as
few OF them only are troublesome. Except
tho fragments OF several bands ali are now
gathered upon reservations IL is no longer pos
siblo for them TO subsist 10y tho chuse and tho
SPONTANEOUS productions of the earth. With an
abundance Of land, IL furnished with the means
and implements for profitable husbandry, their
lifo OF entire dependence upon Government ra-
lions from day TO day is no longer defensible.
Their inclination, long fostered 10y detective
system of control, is TO cling To tue habits and
customs OF their ancestors, and they struggle
with persistence against tho change Of life
which their altered circumstances rress upon
them But barbaTism and civilization can not
live together. IL is impossible that such in
congruous conditions should co eN st on the same
soil. They are portion OF our people, are
under tho authority of our Government and
have peculiar claim upon, nnl are entitled
To- tho fostering caro- and rotcctIon OF the
milton The Government can not relieve
itself Of this responibility until they are so far
trained and civilized as to DO able wholly to
manage and care for themselves. The path in
which thoy should walk must be Clearly marked
ont for ON. und they must be led guided