The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1886-10-28
ADVOCATES OF PROTECTION.
Senator Sherman Makes an Effective
Speech to a Philadelphia Audience,
And Hon. James G. Blaine, though IabOring
Under Disadvantages, Delivers Halfa Doz-
en- Strong Addresses in the Coal Region.

f AIusic tonight, under the auspices Of the
Young Republican Club. He said;
seThere are at this moment two great control
Ing facts in American politics. One Is the i'm
minent danger that now threatens the overthrow
Of tie economic and industrial policy built up
by the Republican party, which. as has been
shown has doubled the wealth of our country
within twenty years, and trebled its
production; and. second the complete
buccess of what is known as the Mississippi plan,
BY which moro than one million of the legal vot-
,rs of this country have been deprived of all the
lights conferred upon them by the Constitution
Ind the law, especially the right to vote. In re-
gard to the industrial policy, that not only re-
ates to what is known as the tariff question,
Ihe rates OF duty on imported goods, but also re-
ates to the establishment of a second currency
ia this country. and to the reduction Of the pub
JIG debt OF the United States The people of
She United States, from the earliest period of
government had their attention called to
he necessity of protecting industry, and every
Administration from the day of George w Washing
ION TO this has called the attention of Congress
10 that financial policy. Before the war no pro-
lective policy had been fixed in this country
The question was the subject of party politics,
Ind the dssension and strife of parties, some
hmes avowed by one party and dsavowed by the
lther. but never put in force 1t was not until
he war commenced, until the necessities of
the war made the protective policy abso-
ute and complete success, that we had this
bct of 1861, we had for the first time real pro-
Iective tariff. That policy was not inlforce very
png. In consequence of the necessities of the
war; It became necessary not only to impose
Bariff duties on imported goods, but also to i'm
pose duties internal productions, and therefore,
from the beginning of the war until It's close
Congress was very busiy engaged in taxing
bvery system of industry that was devised by
man. We taxed income; we taxed everything. 1t
was the spirit of Congress to tax everything
a I'D n n IN order
10 provide means to maintain the boys in blue
In the presence of the enemy. But after the
war, this system of internal taxes gradually dis
appeared One by one they were repealed by
the Republican party, so that under the policy
Of that party to-day there is tax levied by
the United States of America any article
made in this country. on any property existing
In this country, or on any man living in this
tax except upon whisky, tobacco and
beer, and whenever there is q
public demand and public necessity for relieving
those taxes, am willing to join my Democratic
friends in repeating them. If the people of this
country can get along without any system Of in
ternal taxation, will be very willing to repeal
1t; but the reason why those taxes are main
tanned is very plain. First, as to these taxes
whisky, tobacco and beer, the people who con-
June those articles feel so good that they do not
rare anything at all about the taxation Then,
another reason is that they are so
easly collected. It costs very little to
eollect them, and the extent of
consumption of those articles brings to the gov
Drnment large revenue If the people who
consume those articles do not wish to pay taxes
pm them to the national government, all they
have to do is to let whisky, tobacco and beer
Alone. The other taxes levied by the Congress
Of the United States the taxes
imported goods. Why not on domestic goods
asked. The answer is that the taxes on
imported goods. coming into large ports
like Philadelphia and New York, are easily
collected and probably with less fraud than
would exist under any other form of taxation
that could be devised; and not only that, but as
this tax is on imported goods-on the work of
people in foreign countres--to the extent that
that tax is imposed it encourages our own peo-
Pile to manufacture all those articles in this
leountry. It is said by Democratic orators that
bhe best way to tax imported goods is to tax
fhem all alike in other words, to tax tea and
coffee like silks, satins and liquors. But that
would be unjust Some mode of discriminating
on taxation is necessary. The Republican party,
that has framed all the tariff acts for the last
twenty-five years. has adopted certain general
rules which are plain and simple and they have
applied these rules to eli the tariff bills which
have been passed during that time. First of ALL
they have ascertained how much taxes were
wanted. Duties are never levied for the mere
purpose of protecting American industries
Duties are laid for the purpose of raising
revenue, but when we come to levy taxes
the Republican party is to levy the highest duty
on the articles consumed by the rich; the second
rule that applies to duties on imported goods is
shat on all articles which cannot be produced in
his country, which are produced in tropical eli
mates, such asstca and coffee, which are in COM
mon use in our broad country, we put no duty
bn at all, or else the very lowest rate
Of duty: OF such goods, $3.50, OO0, 900 worth
are admitted duty free: The third
rule is that on all those articles which we can
manufacture IN this country we will put such
round protective duty as will induce and en-
courage our own people to manufacture them
That is the rule we go by, and the rule we stand
by. So wonderful has been the effect of the an
plication of these simple rules that out of the
B65O,OOO,OO of imported goods, probably but
three or four hundred millions are articles that
eoud be produced in this country for which we
have the raw material, and on those articles
shere is protective tariff levied varying from
Go TO 20 per cent. AS those articles are
multtudinous, of course, we had TO vary the
duty so to place upon each article that rate of
duty that would enable the American manufact-
urer, by paying good wages, to enter into compe-
tition with the manufacturer in the foreign mar.
ket. There only now $3.50, 600, 900
OF those articles imported to this country
which are subject to duty, and in
consequences of these tariff rules being put upon
them we now manufacture in this country 81
UUO.OUO, OOO worth Of them OF those $3.50 OOO-
DOO, the most OF them are articles which we are
not yet prepared to make, but the time is not
Iar ulstant when We Will manufacture, under the
protection of judicious tariff every article
necessary to human life"
The speaker said 1t was the policy of the Re-
publican party to admit honest immigrants. but
to exclude Objectionable people. The sound cur
rency of the country was the work of the Re-
publican party.
Mr.. Sherman then referred to the solid South
which he termed 1.-The great nightmare of
American politics." he spoke of the cleo
ton for President in 1876, iustifyino
the actions of the Louisiana and South Carolina
returning boards, declaring that one million Of
black voters were DISTINGUISHED in the Southern
States, and that thirty congressional districts in
the South, containing a majority of black vot-
ers, were represented by Congressmen who
did not represent those constituencies.
He statedg that the basis upon which
the Democratic party rested was the fulcrum of
the solid South and the free-trade city of New
York, and the negroes of the South were in a
state OF semi-servitude compelled to work for
20 cents day in competition with the white
labor of the North, from which condition the
success of the Republican party could alone
rescue them.
MT. Biaine's Tour in Pennsylvania.
PITTsBURG, Oct 27.-Hon. James G. Blaine
left here at o'clock this morning for his trio
through the anthracite regions of Pennsylvania.
The tour will take up two days. and Mr. Blaine
Pill make sixteen speeches