Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1886-03-05
D0LPH SUFFERS DEFEAT.
HIS BLAIR BILL AMENDMENT
VOTED DOWN.


WASHINGTON, March An the Senate
to-day the education bill was taken up.
The yeas ana nays were taken on MIR.
Dolph's amendment, offered yesterday,
and resulted in II yeas to % nays, SO the
amendment was rejected. II was upon
this amendment that Mr.. RIddleberger
raised the point Of order yesterday. Mr..
Gibson favored the bill. Having spoken
fully on it at the last session, he said, he
would now make no argument, but only
brief statement. "While it has been
demonstrated" Mr.. Gibson said, "that
Congress possesses power under the con-
stitution to make grant OF the proceeds
arising from the sale of public
lands, or public lands them
selves, however acquired. and may
make grant of public moneys from the
Treasury, however derived, in aid of edu-
cation in the States. must confess 1t is
pOwer--like that to declare war-so liable
10 abuse that would not resort to il with
the purpose to establish au undertaking
and unlimited policy, and would exercise
1t only under stress and pressure OF the
most urgent, exceptional and eXtraOrdi-
nary circumstances.
PREsENI JUSTIFICATION,
classification for It's exercise at this
time grows out Of the most calamitOns
and stupendous transaction of our CEN
tury-war between the powerful and en-
lghtened cOmmOnwealths Of the Ameri-
can Union-lasting, it Is true. only four
years, yet marked by sacrifices of prop
erty and life, aud followed by political
and social revolutions without parallel in
the history of civilized men. The North,
that emerged triumphant from the con-
fict is not, in all respects, the North
which entered into it.
CHANGED CONDITIONS.
"Material changes nave taken place in
vital conditions Of society resulting in the
gradual disappearance OF the Old, simple
ways of living and the creation OF class
on one hand, who possess more c0ncen-
trated wealth and power than any order
OF nobility in any nation of Europe and
exercise more extensive authority over
the occupations OF the people than the
Federal government Itself, and on the
other hand another class depending upon
their daily labor for their daily bread and
separated from the former class 10y a deep
and widening chasm. Without meaning TO
eXaggerate the evils liable TO grow from
disprOpOrtiOnate distribution OF wealth, 1t
would have 10 be admitted that education
was indispensable for the welfare of
peoples government, indispensable for
AiAt hbthbARh VI lub DAONiEho AhFOAfSA ~
toe relations If citizen to State and limita-
tIons upon corporations.
POWER OF THE PEOPLE.
'"The people will be enabled TO govern
themselves, with universal suffrage, by
means OF universal education, or sooner
or later they will be governed. as in all
the most powerful nations Of Europe, by
permanent class distinctions, with
special privileges, backed by standing
armies. Our own country is the only ex-
ceptiOn to this rule among great aud rich
nations. Let us invoke any influence and
agency before the population becomes too
dense and unwieldy in favor Of popular
rights and education as the surest safe
guard of republican government. Better
an intelligent ballot than the bayonet;
better cooperation and good understand
ing than measures OF repression.
THBsoUTH OF TO-DAY.
"The South OF to-day is not in all re-
spects the South as she stood before the
world % years ago. Never was the dis.
cOmtiture aud ruin Of country more
complete. The exhaustion of Prussia
under Frederick, or Of France under Ma
pOleon, was notmoTe thorough. Succeed
ing her military overthrow, she wit
messed all its local Institutions, industrial,
financial, educational and religi0us-all
the organized forces OF her society shat
tered and pulverIzed-tbeir very ,fOunda-
tiOns tOru up and destroyed--a complete
bouleversement, and her political re-
habiliatiOn committed chiefly to her for
mer negro slaves, elevated not only TO be
free men, but enfranchised and entrusted
with political control.
ACCEPTING THE SITUATION.
accepting the situation as it existed,
the south put forth every exertion, every
circunspectlon, every resource Of pa
tience, wisdom, and courage 10 meet the
new conditions, TO reconcile herself 10
them as sne could, and to ind some flrm
common ground on which all her people
might move forward again In harmonious
relation and peaceful order TO self-gOvern-
rnent and pursuit Of happiness. The
magnitude and difficulty of the task can
only be appreciated by those upon wnom
IL was imposed, and by those noble
hearted men OF the North who, having
surveyed the whole field, came forward
with generous sympathy and abundant
means to aid in the great work of moral
and educational Advancement.
NECESSITY OF EDUCATION.
at may be, II doubtless will be, that on
the ruins OF the old order stronger and
happier commOnwealths shall arise, but
IL must be plain, without argument, that
one Indispensable condition OF prosperity,
nay Of peace, security and well-beinR In
those cOmmOnwealths, guaranty for lie
and property. since the establishment Of
universal suffrage is 10 be universal edu-
cation. While manifest perils 70 free insti-
tuti0ns exist in the North as we'll
as in the South they are naturally 70 be
found In a larger measure tn the section
which was more affected by the passions
and changes OF the civil war, and which,
IL must be admitted, does not receive so
large a proportion Of the expenditures OF
the Federal government m pensions and
for the public debt, support Of the army
and navy and protection OF manufacture
ing industries and shipping interests,
while contributing full proportionate
share of,Eederal taxation.
wARRANTBD BY THESE FACTS.
serhe,aJnlitions referred to warranted
the legiHlRtion OF this lHll as temporary
expediant 70 meet = great public eXi-
gency. sRbe AID offered should be regard
ed, not as daily bread, but as medicine
for a arayenational disorder"
LoGAN's AMENDMENT DEFEATED.
Mr.. r.lboeah moved bis amendment, al
ready suggested, increasing The appropri-
ati0n 70 q Total amount Of $l36. 100000 In
ten years, appOrtioned In similar ratio TO
the present. bill. The amendment was de-
feated aitefa 4 long debate.
Mr.LggauAaying $40 see whether our ed
ucatlOnai ffiends mean what they say"
moved ahdther amendment already aug-
gesied by him, appropriating s., 100000 TO
aid IN the building Of school houses in