The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1886-01-01
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
The Success Of Farmers and Stock
Raisers Largely Due to Educa-
tlOn and Intelligence.
Managing Fowls During tho Winter so THAI
Will D. Profitable to Their Owners.
Wcll.Intormeil rarn,,,.

Managing Fowls During tho Winter 60 Thev
VIII b. Profitable to Their Owners.
Wcll-Intormed Farmers.
1t appears to DO very generally be.
l!eved in many parts OF this country
that there is no necessity for COM
mon farmer and stock-ralscr to ACQUIRE
o good education or to obtain much ill.,
formation in relation to matters not
directly pertaining to tho manage
ment OF his land and animals. He is
expected to learn tho art of farming
ny seeing others practice it. Having
learned to raise far crops, he is gencr.
ally content 10 pursue the Same meth
cd year after year without attempting
to make any Improvement. 1t is adj
m.ttcd that lawyer. doctor. or minis
ter must have library of books Of
reference. 1t is also admitted that tho
library should contain many books
that arc not devoted to law, medicine.
or theology. 1t is popular belief.
however. that the farmer and stock
raiser has no great need of an agricul-
tural library or collection of books
ON miscellaneous subjects. Tho ..book-
farmer" in many places is the object
OF ridiculc. He is called q tllcorist in
distinction from y practical farmer.
1t is freely admitted that tho lawyer
needs legal news, tho doctor medical
news, and tho minister religious in.
tclligence. 1t is believed, however,
that the farmer can get along we'll
enough if he obtains no other agricul-
tural news than what he can pick mn
IN reading the county paper, or can
learn by an occasional visit to the
nearest market village. 1t is often
thought that the Turner derives no
great advantage from travelling. lie
is generally advised to remain ut
homo and 20 pay close attention to
his farm and stock. In the opinion of
some enlarged intelligence is actually
detrimental to common farmer, as
1T has Il tendency 10 divert his atten-
ton from his land and stock, and to
cause him TO think about matters that
are OF no concern to him. The good
farmer is often referred TO rs the man
who seldom goes outside of his line
fences, and who spends Ii $ entire time
i'll tilling the land he occupies or tax
ing care of his farm animals.
Careful observation. however.
shows that most of the very successful
farmers and stock.raiscrs are highly
intelligent us well as finely educated
men. They have received Il good cdu-
cation in schools. have collections of
books, are subscribers 70 sevc el first.
class papers and magazines, and have
in many cases enlarged Their store of
informal finn hv- fro ,.Il ;,,
foreign countries. They keep abreast
OF the reading and think ~, men in
the learned professions and the vari-
GUS branches of manufacturing and
commerce. They study their own
business carefully, but they are not
ncglcctiul OF the all:l rs that concern
the nation and the world at large. All
who attended the various meeting of
breeders held in connection with the
recent fat-stock show in this CITY were
struck with tho fine appearance and
the high intelligence of the men who
were present. They understand the
rules that govern parliamentary pro.
ceedings. They could speak without
embarrassment ON the subjects pre-
sentcd at the meetings. Their lam
guage was correct and their delivery
good. They were able TO write rcso-
lutions and TO prepare reports so that
they could go into the hands o; the
printer without revision. AT the ban.
quct of the Pcrchcron horse breeders
speeches were delivered to members
OF the association that would compare
very favorably with those made AT
the meetings of literary and scientific
associations. That the success of tho
mon who have been engaged in tho
breeding of pcdigrccd animals has
been largely due to their superior
education and intel gcnce seems most
likely. They studied tho various
breeds OF animals till they found the
one that they thought was the best
suited to the wants of the country.
selected the best stock they could OBJ
tain, mated the animals so as to
secure the best results, and in due
time obtained tho fame and wealth of
skillful breeders. While doing these
things they were not ncglcctful of
self-culturc.
That some men who arc very def.
cicnt in education and whose general
intelligence is small succeed in farm
ing and stock-raising is certain. This
Is sometimes true Of persons who
are engaged in manufacturing aud
commerce. Their success is due to
energy. perseverance, industry, tact,
and Individual shrcwdncss. That they
would be more successful than they
are, if they were better informed, is
altogether kelly. They profit by the
intelligence of others. They allow
others TO engage in new enterprises,
and if they are successful they devote
their time and money to Their prosecu-
tions. All the great improvements
in agriculture, horticulture, and stock
breeding in the country, however,
have been suggested, if not made. by
persons of superior intelligence. They
were the persons who introduced new
breeds Of animals, who invented ma
chimes for doing the farm work form
crly done by men. who acclimatcd
foreign plants, built silo;, erected
cheese factories, and found new mar.
kets for our products. Books on farm
ing or any other industry can not sup
ply or take tho place of skill, tact. in
dustry, or Judgment. But they will
enable persons to obtain information
quicker and at less cost than they
can acquire it by observation and cx-
periencc. BY tho aid of suitable books
Il farmer or stock-raiscr can learn
more about his business during the
winter when he is not at work than he
can during tho. summer, when he
labors very hard. Few persons eyer
made much of a success in farming by
hard work alone. Thought and study
accomplish as much in producing
crops and raising stock as labor. A
trained brain is wanted to direct
skillful hand in every farming opera
ton. Intelligence counts for rs much
on the farm rs in the pulpit, the fac
tory, the contingencies, or at the
bar. Superior intelligence produces
fine crops and cxccllcnt stock in IL
country, even though the soil may be
very poor and the climate very I'M
favorable.
Chicken3 in Winter.
Few persons derive much profit from
their hens during the winter After