davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06
FRAGMENTS OF CABLE NEWS.

ST. PETERSBURG, Jan. 5.-The Grand Duke Michael
aieyioh has quarreed with the Gar and has
srned the presidency OF the Imperial Council and
tired from active service Count Tolstoi becomes Pres
dent OF the Council, and Prince Dondoukon Korsakof
becomes Minister of the Interior.
RAyGooy Jan b-Dacoits have made o raid on tho
country within miles OF Mandalay and have
murdered three Europeans who returning to their
labors in the timber region. Tney had been warned
against undertaking the Journey
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06

SOMETHING FOR GRAND JURIEs TO CONSIDER
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. (Spccial).-ln Judge
Thayers court this morning Disrict-Attorney Graham
called attention the action Of the Grand Jury which
ignored bill against Horace Smith. charged with set
ting up lottery returned two bills as true against
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06

THTRD-AvE DRIVERS TO BE ANSWERED. TO-DAY.
President Lyon, of the Third Avenue Rail-
road Company. remained serene yesterday regarding
OF the drivers for reduction In their hours
of work. lie still insisted that he had no apprehension
OF strike The time In which TO the drivers
be given expires today President Lyon was In
insulation with the directors OF tie company yester
day. and their anAWer Will be given today.
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06
GRIMES AND CASUALTIES-BY TELEGRAPH.
TWO pOys DROWNED.
KILLED BY FALLING

TWO BOYS DROWNED. 49,
c,tsroS Mass Ian 5-Two sons OF Benjamin Wood.
Of Bottom age and ten, broke through the Ice
terday and were drowned
KILLED BY FALLING ROCK.
WArHRvuLE Me-, jan b.-While several men were
working In ledge pitt Rn overanging rock Ioosoncd Dy
ths severe strain fell upon them. James Freeman was
kiIled and two others were badly wounded.
FOOLHARDINEss THAT CAUSED DEATH.
RAITIMoRE Jan. 5.-John f. Vogeler, age nfty seven,
yesterday evening TO cross the railroad track
near Camden Station when he was struck by the engine
of fast express traip after being warned not 70 AZ
tempt 20 cross He was badly injured that he died
to-day.
FOOTPADS IN CHICAGO.
CurcAco Ian o (Specidi. i.-Daniol Pickett nilknlah,
was assaulted at and state sts last nght
Nv bighwaymen who knocked him down and ater chok-
ing him. robbed him Of $4ll. The assaiiants used
sandbag.
TRYING THE RING swINDLE.
PUILApgIi1nA, Jan. (SpeciaD. Charles hermann,
who SAYS that he lived In NewYerk was committea 70
prison to-day for attempting to play the ring
eweIry store IN North Eghth-st While no was ioos
is ne some ex pensive diamond rings ne .ranserrea
hoaas ring Tor the genuine which he had slipped Into
his pocket
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06

of everything stove In the bulwarks and flooded the
cabin with water. Soon after midnight yesterday the
schooner Lena r. Kaplan anchored IN the Sound near
City Island and driven ashore Rat Island, where
she sunk
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06
EFFECTS OF MONDAYS STORM.

Captains of incoming vessels report that the
storm on Monday night severe especially near the
coast The brig Arthur December "a met hurricane
oa tho Nav Iersev coast The bad weather continued
for four days and driven down 70 the Is.
tudo Capc aatters The heavy seas Swept heE aeoA
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06
Rr0 PENSION FOR BLIND PRIVATE

PTrrsBURG, JAN 0.-PenSOn Agent Errett
Yesterday issued to Alexander Gilchrist Of Indiana
Pam the largest pension paid to private soldier
uis hack nay aggregated $12 and the money came
IN Llind old man, who has been an inmate Oh
the poorhouse for twelve years.
New-York tribune., 1886-01-06
AFAIR SHARE OF vASoEs IN TIE SERVICE.

MIR. COX DTsPLEAsING HIS OLD CoNsrifolNis
WASHINGTON, Jan. 8 (Specdo'-iho Tie's
.. ,,hdrsv today the nomination OF John q. Lee Of
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
THE OLD BAlLEY.

The Old Bailey-shat part of the
street opposite Newgate, in London,
England-beceme the scene Of public
execution in 1888, on the 9th of Decem-
Der, in which year the FIRST culptit suf-
fered here the extreme penalty Of the
law. The gallows Of the Old Bailey was
built with three cross-bsams, for as
many rows of victims and between
February and December, 1885, ninety
six persons suffered by the. * new drop"
an ingenious invention, which took the
place of the cart. On but one occasion
the old mode of execution was revived
triangular gallows was set up in the
road, and the cart was drawn from under
the criminals feet. About 1886 was
Witnessed, in the Old Bailey, the end
of an old practicable body of the
criminal just executed was burned for
the last time. The sufferer was woman
in this case. She was hung On low
gibbet, and, on life being extinct, fag-
gots were heaped around her and over
her head, fire was set to the pile, and
the corpse was burned to ashes.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
CUBAN ooURTsHrp.


One pities the Cuban young man
when he is in love. He cannot see her
alone, and cannot come regularly to the
house until q fair understanding Of his
intentions is arrived at And when at
last be has attained the felicity of being
daily expected, he must do all his court
ing in the presence of the family, and
utter his sweetness across the critical
ear of his future mother-in-law. Until
they have been to church. they two are
never left alone. The whole family take
sly turns in watching them. There is a
regular detail made, think, from the
older servants of the house. to keep an
eye upon them.
But there is human nature every
where, even in Cuba, and the two are
always getting off to o window seat or
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
COLD US. WARM CLIMATES.


Dio Lewis has spent three years
among consumptives seeking restoration
In Southern California, and has LOST
faith in warm climates for invalids. He
writes thus THE inhahitant Of the
tropics is the son of rich man. He
has no occasion to use his faculties and
they sleep. Tie inhabitant of the
arctic regions is the son of a very poor
man, and is compelled to struggle for
existence. The inhabitant of the tenn
perate zone is the son of man who has
enough to give his offspring every oppor.
tunity on condition of stout and per
sisteat efforts From the bracing north.
ern regions come the great thinkers o.
two continents.
Give New England the climate OF
southern California, and she would soon
begin to lose her most precious trea-
sures, her patience, prudence. forecast,
industry, perseverance, strength and
endurance-in brief. her exceptional
vitality. Our summers are hot and ex-
hausting. It is the cold season that
gives to the people Of the north their
characteristic force. Every medical
man will tell you that whatever tends
TO inyigorate is good for the consump-
tive, and whatever tends to enervate is
bad for him. It would seem wrong,
then, to remove weak person from an
inyigorating to an enervating climate.
This thought, and much observation,
led doctors to send their exhausted
patients to winter in Minnesota and
ike localities. OF late they are divided
between warm and cold climates.
: have no doubt that ip genuine con-
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
A NEW USE FOR TRADE DOLLARS.

A new use has been found for the
much abused trade dollar by an enter
prising ieweler. He takes the despised
coin and makes it into such shapes as he
can without destroying its identity.
Some of the designs are copyrighted,
just as publisher would copyright q
book, to keep the sharks and guerillas
of the trade from stealing them.
"Here is one, said the dealer, pro-
ducing what appeared to be new speci-
men of the coin, designed for pocket
piece. The piece is split and followed
out SO that picture can be placed in it..
The pieces fit together SO perfectly that
no one would ever suspect the use to
which it has been adapted. Here is a
matchbox made of four Of the dollars.
You see the coins although split SO that
both surfaces show on the face of the
design, are 80 bent and worked into
shape that their outlines are undis-
turbed. Nothing else enters into the
composition of the box but the hinge. I"
Another curiosity shown was cigar
cite case made of coins of various demo-
minations-dimes, quarters. half dollars
and trade dollars, welded on to silver
base CT alligator skin design, and SO oxi-
died that the coins seemed century
old.
"Is there no law against putting the
coin to such use3" inquired the reporter.
"You can do as you please with
United States money if you do not
attempt to counterfeit it or try to pass it
after you have mutilated or otherwise
tinkered it. Speaking of counterfeiting
reminds me of a friendin the same line.
He conceived the idea Of making o
cigarette case out Of gold and eAamel to
resemble roll of bills.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08

distant pair of chairs, though. with
equal certainty, somebody slides off in
that direction and mounts guard. The
smitten pair do not walk together in the
evening He does not accompany her
to the theatre or to mass. They enjoy
all the bliss they can under great diff
Guilty, and with all mankind looking on.
The indirect result of all this espion-
age, of course, nobody in this land OF
custom has ever observed. There are
great many small intrigues and innocent
endeavors to circumyent the detectives.
There are eloquent chances, signals, fan
talk and the sly interchange of notes.
Then the iron-guarded window, instead
of being protection, becomes a great
convenience. It is more than the front
gate is with us. She knows when he
will pass by, and stands inside with
fair hand clasping the bars of her cage,
and waits for him. They stand there
with the iron between them and talk.
Every day it is SO, and if mamma wishes
to stop it, she must come and stand in
the window also.
Then there are other respects in which
the young man has hard time, BE
must come every day. He must, and
she holds him to the secret letter OF
this law. He is bound to show, by every
means in his power, that he holds all
other women in contempt and detesta-
ton. He must not dance with any
other. and had better not be caught
holding on to any other window bars,
in any other street. He tells all his
friends about it, and she tells all hers,
and the matter is diligently discussed
If he should fail to come around regu.
larry every day he has to tell satisfac-
tory story. have known her to send
her brother after him. He takes his
revenge after marriage.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
THE OLD VIRGINIA GENTLEMAN.

Through the whole of the southern
states, but notably through Virginia,
everything dates from the war. The
change which it effected was not so much
a change as a revolution. The old Vir-
gilman has disappeared, never to return.
We can hardly now recover by imagine
zion picture of the southern planter in
the day of his ascendency. Proud, care
less and at ease. born not to produce but
to consume, he lived upon his broad
domains as king over his dusky troops
of slaves. In land where free labor
was degraded, too naughty or too indo-
lent to work, he trained his sons, as
he was trained himself, to despise the
exertion of honorable toll. Rich and
firmly rooted in his position, his inHu-
ence determined for generations the
policy of his country, till the election
of the first republican president, a
quarter Of century ago, startled him
in his thoughtless security. When the
waves of the war which followed had
ebbed away. he raised his head ruined
and discredited man. His fortune was
all but annihilated. Perhaps he might
have recovered something of his old
position had he remained on his ances-
trail SOIL. But, too proud to suffer the
humiliation of being seen to work where
he had long lived at ease. he parted
with what remained of his possessions
and. seeking new fortune in othes
lands, babe an indignant farewell to the
rich valleys and proud heights of his
beautiful estate. The descendants OF
the few planters who remained, soon
broke through the old lines of social
cleavage by intermarriage with the
mean whites-the po' white trash-with
whom their fathers would not have
deigned to associate, and the mis-
chievous social ascendency of pre- seces-
sion days was at an end forever.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
TIN GLAZE.

Tin glaze-which makes a white
enamel-was known in very early times.
The Moorish refugees appear to have
brought it into Italy, but its extensive
use is due to Luca della Robbia, who
began life as goldsmith, and then tried
sculpture, in which work he grew so
popular that he gave up marble for
she easier material. clay. 1t was the
need of an enamel to make his clay
weather-proof which led him to expert
ment with tin, the result being the
Della Robbia ware, in which South
Kensington is sc rich. Della Robbia
belongs to the beginning of the fifteenth
century. 1t was nearly a hundred years
later before the French got saturated
Sith italian art Charles VIII, Francis
=, and Henry II. all had good deal
to do with Italy, the last by his marriage
with Catherine de- Medici, bringing the
two countries very close together. Lead
glazed work-tiles, goblets, cups. and
covers, &c.-had been going on at
Beauvais, Rouen, and elsewhere but
now the potter began to call himself
emailleur de terre, an italian infu-
ence guided the French along two lines
-one leading to the jewel-like Limoges
enamels, the other to ware like those
called Groin and Palsy. For in pot
terry, more even than in other arts, the
leaps which progress has made have
been mainly due to individuals. In
Italy the impulse was given by Della
Robbia in France, the famous Henri
Deux ware was the work of Dame Helen
of Hangest. widow of Coulter Grand
Master of France under Francis L The
work was done at her castle of Orion,
near Thouars, she not only superintend-
ing but drawing many of the designs,
her helpers being her librarian. Bernart,
And Charpentier, skillful potter. Hers
were presentation pieces-there are
Eeveral at South Kensington-but at
her death, in 1887, she made over to
Bernart and Charpentier the fee simple
Of the house and orchard where the kiln
and factory were situated.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
WHY HE WASN'T AFRAID OF WATER.

whats the matter Tom ~
Matter enough. Smiths dog bit
me minute ago"
Smiths dog bityou? Good gracious,
man that dog is madir
"The deuce you say! He amt any
madden than am I'm the one to be
mad. If had bitten the dog he might
have had good excuse to get mad.
But the dog has the hydrophobia.
whats hydrophobia ?"
cit means, literally, in fear of water. y
Well, what do you care how much
that dog is afraid OF water? 1 wish he
was afraid OF me-"
ooh! you don't understand. You
are liable to catch it from the dog"
No, I'm not, but he's liable to catch
it from me as soon as I can borrow a.
gun.
"Oh. pshawi This fear of water
you are liable to have it.
"No I'm cold-water Baptist"
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08

sumption the northern climate is good
one. / am sure it is better than that OF
southern California. Though if the
choice be between life in stove and fur
mace heat here, and life in the shade of
copper tree there, the latter is better.
But if the choice is between the sweet
air of open CRATE fires and, dressed in
abundant fiannels, much life out N
doors in the saddle in all weathers, If
the choice be between these here and a
winter i'll southern California, urge the
patient to remain in New England.
The money required for journey
across the Continent will fit up his sit
ting room with open CRATE and furnish
it with wood or coal. The money re-
quired to pay board away from home
will supply a saddle horse and the extra
thickness of wooden garments for the
legs and feet. Commencing with an
hour day on walk, the patient will
soon spend five or six hours a day in
the saddle His pulse at the beginning
is say one hundred within month Il
will fall below eighty. Here is strong
impulse toward recovery. Twenty years
observation among consumptives in
New England, and three years among
consumptives seeking restoration in Cali
fornia, confirm these statements Those
who find fault with New Hampshire
winter do not need new climate so
S1uch as they need new ideas about pure
kr and gentle exercise.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
COSTLY DrAmoxDs

Few, even among the royal families Of
Europe. have more valuable diamonds
than Mrs. Stanford. wife of the Cali
fornia Senator. One who can speak
authoritatively says her diamonds are
valued at $1,o00,O00 Her husband
bougas four sets of diamonds for her
when the valuables of Queen Isabella,
of Spain, were sold in Paris and paid
upwards of 5000, 600 for the four. One
get is of the stones known as "blue dia-
enonds, as they emit violet rays by day /;
mother has pink rays in its stones the
third set is of yellow diamonds, as yell
low as topaz, and the fourth is of flaw
less white stones. Each set has tiara
neckIseN pendant, brooch, earrings,
from four to six bracelets and some
finger rings, all the same style Of make
and of corresponding stones.
In addition 10 these Mrs. Stanford
has some genuine black diamonds, cut
pear-shaped, and numerous other Gia-
mond ornaments in variety of styles.
One necklace (not belonging to any Of
the sets above named) is valued at $780,
600 and its pendant at $4,000. She
has over sixty diamond finger rings
which she keeps on string of black
tape. To accommodate all these Jewels
she has case which was made to order
of steel, with cast-iron handles and
burglar-proof locks. The case has
separate drawer for each set of diamonds,
and is. of course. nearly all the time
deposited in bank. Mrs Stanford
cares very little for these treasures,
especially since the death of her only
con. whom she idolized- On one oc-
casion, before his death, she wore nearly
all Ter Jewels at once
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
BE KNEW THE STORY.

A business man on the third floor Of a
building on Griswold street bought a
ton of coal the ether day, and when a
boy came up to ask him for the job of
elevating the chestnut he asked the
youth to take chair, and then said:
"My boy, you should start right in
entering upon the path of life. !"
Eyes, sir-that's what NAV says"
1T was poor boy-a very poor boy
myself at your age"
Yes, sir don't doubt it you wore
ragged clothes and didn't have half
enough to eat"
"Ahem-y-e-s. felt that would
have to make my own future. and de-
cided to start out right. In the town
where I lived there was. ive-story
building"
Yes, sir, and there was Offices way
up on the top floor, and no elevator. ("
just so, my boy"
"And man who had an Office on tie
top floor bought ton of coal, and you
asked him for the job of backing it up. p"
Exactly"
1T was worth fifty cents, but he
offered you quarter, and rather than
lose the job you accepted it. The man
took notion to you, secured you place
in an Office. and you are to-day rich.
respected, and likely to be sent to Wash
ington as a United States Senator. !
know the story like book"
You dol Why, where did you ever
hear it before ?"
Twenty times over right on this very
street. / tumbled to it after carrying
up two tons, and you fellers can't wallop
me- szsia r
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08
GREAT SALT LAKE

Great Salt Lake is in fact not branch
of the sea at all, but mere shrunken
remnant of very large fresh water lake
system, like that of the still existing ST.
Lawrence chain. Once upon a time.
American biologists say, huge sheet of
water, for which they have even invented
definite name, Lake Bonneville, occu-
pied far larger valley among the out
liers of the Rocky Mountains, measuring
800 miles in one direction by 100 miles
in the other. Besides this primitive
Superior lay great second sheet-an
early Huron ake Lahontan the geolo-
gists call iD almost as big and equally of
fresh water. By and blythe precise
dates are necessarily inde6nite-some
change in the rainfall, unregistered by
any contemporary, made the waters OF
these big lakes shrink and evaporate.
Lake Lahontan shrank away like Alice
in Wonderland till there was absolutely
nothing left of it; Lake Bonneville
shrank till it attained the diminished
size of the existing Great Salt Lake
Terrace after terrace, running in long
paralleled lines on the sides of the
Wahsatch Mountains around, mark the
various levels at which it rested for a
while on its gradual downward course.
It is still failing, indeed, and the plain
around is being gradually uncovered,
forming the white, salt-encrusted shore
with which all visitors to the Mormon
city were so familiar. But why should
the water have become briny? Why
should the evaporation of an old
Superior produced at last Great Salt
Lake? Well, there is small quantity
of salt in solution even in the freshest
of lakes aud ponds, brought down to
them by the streams or rivers, and as
the water of the Hypothetical. Lake
Bonneville slowly evaporated, the salt
and other mineral constituents remained
behind. Thus the solution grew con-
stantIy more and more concentrated,
till at the present day it is extremely
Saline. Professor Geikie Ito whose
works the present paper is much in.
debted) found that he foated on the
water in spite of himself; and the under
sides of the steps at the bathing places
are all encrusted with short stalactites of
salt, produced from the drip of the
bathers as they leave the water. The
mineral constituents, however, differ
considerably in proportions from those
found in true salt lakes OF marine origin.
and the point at which the salt is throws
down is still far from having been
reached. Great Salt Lake must simmer
in the sun for many centuries yet before
the point arrives at which (as cooks say)
it begins to settle.
The Sunday tatler and Jersey City express. (Jersey City, N.J.) 1883-1886, 1886-08-08

Only few years ago Bulwer put into
the mouth of his dramatic creation
Richelieu," these pregnant words:
"The pen is mightier than the swordi"
In the short time which has since elapsed
these words have, acquired new truth
and a new application: the pen has con-
quered the sword in the field of COM
merce, as completely as it had formerly
triumphel II the fields Of high policy
and world government. The little civil
izer (as it may we'll be called) is now in
every hand, but within the memory of
many men still living the steel pen was
simply curious and costly toy, notice
able as an ingenious mechanical fad, but
not at all as an invention likely to come
into practical USE The earliest form of
the article was certainly not promising.
A piece of sheet steel was bent into a
tubular form, and cut or fled away to
initiate the shape of quill pen, the
junction of the two edges forming the
nib, which, of course, extended all up
the back of the pen. These were known
as early as 1910. but were regarded as
articles de nuse, to be given away as pres
ents, and not for use. They we're highly
polished, perhaps gilt or silvered, and
sold for as much as five shillings each.
In 1924, Mr.. James Perry, the founder
of system of education once famous as
the Perryan system. took up the steel
pen as practical invention, and by in
domitable energy oyercame the difficult
ties in its construction and the objections
to its use. He patented several varieties
and spared no expense to attain perfec-
ton. His brother informed Mr.. Samuel
Timmins, of Birmingham, that he paid
seven shillings per pound for his steel,
and five shillings per pen to the first
workman he employed, and that for
years afterward the price given to his
workmen was thirty-six shillings per
gross.