davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
Decay of Apple Orchards.
summer

Commissioner Colman, of the U. S.
Department of Agriculture, in reply to
a letter from Mr.. O. Dickinson, of Salem,
Oregon, who wants a remedy for decay
in apple orchards, thus answers 1t is
possible that the decay and death Of
the trees may be due to some fungus or
other organism, which is developed in
the old soils ana not to any failure in
the soil of the mineral or organic sub
stance necessary to the nutrition Of the
trees. The chief mineral ingredient
which an apple tree takes from the soil
is potash, and Mr.. Dickinson seems to
have forseen this in using. as he has
used, ashes as a fertilizer. In addition
to this substance the soil furnishes
phosphoric acid to the growing trees,
and also small quantities of lime, silica,
magnesia, etc. 1t is not probable that
any of these substances is wanting in
the old soils, with the possible exception
of phosphoric acid. l do not know of
any better artificial fertilizer to recon-
mend for an apple tree than mixture
of ground bone and kainite Tor wood.
ashes) in such proportion as to give "a
per cent. of ammonia (from the nitro
genous matters in raw ground bone),
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
A Neglected Orchard.

D. A. Baker of Genesee county, N.
Y, gives an exchange an account of
the treatment Of a neglected orchard
bought by new occupant, and which
was in so wretched condition that the
whole neighborhood ridiculed the pur-
chase. He pulled out half the trees,
pruned the remainder, sprayed with
Paris green weekly for a month, plowed.
and raised beans. He harvested 400
barrels fine apples, The canker worms
which had obtained possession, were
thoroughly exterminated with the poi
son. The barn manure made on the
farm was applied to the orchard. The
spraying was regarded as especially i'm
portant, and was begun when the young
apples were the size of currants.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
To Build a Cheap Silo.

Whatever cheapens the c's, Of the
silo, or lessons the expense of filling it,
will hasten the introduction of the
method, especially upon the farms of
those of moderate means The impor-
tant experiments on ensilage conducted
at the Massachusetts Agricultural Col
lego. have shown that a balloon frame
of scantling, of suitable size. covered on
the outside with matched boards, and
lined on the inside with two thicknesses
of one-inch matched boards, with lay
er of tarred paper between them, thus
securing a partially air.tisht enclosure,
surrounded by a dead-air space as a
protection against frost, is the best and
cheapest form of construction. IF the
boards and timbers are saturated with
hot coal-tar, which can readily be done
with trifing expense and little labor,
the duration of the silo will be very
much increased. Silos are, in these
respects, similar to ice houses, their use
fitness does not increase with the ratio
Of their cost.-American Agriculturist
for .JuZu.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
The Apple Worm.

1t is not the full-grown moths that
the farmer has to fear. They destroy
very little during their life. The
larvae, or catapillars, however, are in
many cases terribly destructive. One
need only mention the army-worm,
canker-worm; and few such pests to
call to the mind of every one host of
the ravenous nuisances. There are
said to be about thousand species of
butterflies and moths in the Northern
States. A volume mi eht be filled with
interesting accounts of their habits, but
a very few must suffice for us. Every
one who has ever eaten summer apples
has at some time or other discovered
that the apple he has chosen had a ten
ant In the shape of worm, who had
perforated it with his tunnels. The
question occurs to us. how did he come
TO take up his home there? To answer
it, we must watch the trees on a Jnly
evening. IF we are successful, we shall
tiud a small moth dropping her eggs,
one by one, into the flower end Of the
young apples. In few days we may
see the worms Matching out. They
Immediately begin to burrow toward
the centre of the apple. Only one worm
is usually found in each. They tunnel
through and through the fruit, feeding
on it, and getting rid of refuse through
hole gnawed in the side. After the
premature fall of the fruit, the worm
leaves it, and then spins its cocoon, in
which it usually remains till the next
summer.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09

acre frequently yields 4 bushels, o.
seed. Mr.. G. NJ. Goodspeed, of Thorn
Hill, N. Y, gives the net profit on hi.
crop as $50 per acre, and speaks of the
hay as the best he ever fed.
1t the bee.keepers of Rhode Island
are to supply the State they will have
to offer something better than dark
honey, and if each one will distribute
among his neighbors every spring a
bushel or two Of this clover, I believe
we would soon be able to compete with
any honey in the country, and to keep
lOO colonies with profit in the same
area that now supports but ten. Yer
mont produced l6O tons, and Maine,
l92 tons of honey the past season, and
much of it was from clover.
Alsike clover does best ON clay or
wet land. and is sometimes unsatisfac.
tory on dry or light soil. 1t is said to
ne hardy, and does not easily winter-kill.
From 4 to pounds are sown per acre.
Part of the piece can be moved before
it blossoms, and fed to stock. It will
then blossom late after the usual
bloom ia over. From this it would be
seen that by paratively small out
lay we will get it back hundred fold.
besides beneftting the parties who raise
the crop.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
The BuckWheat Crop.

Buckwheat is one of the most valu.
able grains, both for human food and
for feeding animals 1t is only slightly
inferior to rye in nutritious matter, hav-
ing much the same character as food
and containing very nearly as much nu
triment as oats. Buckwheat is one OF
the easiest and cheapest grains to grow
1t is sown at a convenient time, will!
produce large yield if it has good
ground and it is easily thrashed. When
mixed with corn and rye in equal parts
it is one of the best feeds for horses,
COWS and pigs, and for the popular
cakes for the table in winter it is unsur-
passed by any other grain. For these
reasons every farmer should grow an
acre or two, and provide good piece of
land for it. In the usual careless way
in which this crop is treated. twenty
five bushels is rarely exceeded. The
land should be we'll plowed in July
when the chestnut is in blossom is a
good time to sow and a peck OF seed
to the acre is sufficient This is sown
on the plowed ground, and one good
narrowing to cover the seed is sufficient.
The crop natures in about ten weeks
and should be harvested as soon as all
the grain is set; although some may be
green at the time of cutting, it will rip.
en- in the shock.
If the land is well prepared and some
quick fertilizer applied with the seed
fifty bushels'of grain to the acre may bt
raised. Too early sowing incurs risk tt
the crop from hot sun and drought. L
sown on high ground risk from frost il
avoided and the seeding may be defer
red till first of August.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
AISike Clover.
SAMUEL CUSHMAN,

All writer's for agricultural and bee
papers agree as to the superior qualities
of Alsike over other clovers for pasture
or honey, having fine stalks and little
woody fore it is eaten clean by all stock
and yields heavily, often producing three
tons of good hay per acre. 1t is said
as fertilizer for land it has no superior
if an equal. While it pays we'll as a
farm crop, it is also our best crop for
honey, and all bee-keepers recommend
it in the highest terms, as viii. be seen
by reading the reports of all the bee,
keepers conventions held last winter
1t is claimed that as great yields may
be obtained from it as from Eastwood
and the quality of honey much superior
J. M. Hicks, of Battle Ground, Ind
saws in a late article in the CANADIAN
Bee Journal: owe have no hesitancy
in saying that Alsike clover will pro
duce 500 pounds of the richest and bes
honey per acre in a good season." A.
q seed crop it pays well, the seed bring
ing from Sc to 81 per bushel, and ar
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09

fifteen or twenty per sent. of phophoric
acid and three to six per cent. Of potash.
Fifty pounds Of such mixture we'll
worked into the soil over an area cover
ed by the branches of the tree, would
most certainly prove beneficial. Ifthis
treatment is combined with thorough
working Of the soil (bnt Lot growing
other crops thereon) with an occasional
sprinkle of lime, | think It will restore
the vitality of the trees. II It does not,
it will prove that the cause OF the decay
Of the orchards is due to some other
source than the soil.
Doubtless such a dressing would
prove beneficial to many orchards in
this part of the country and any one
having declining orchard, who would
like to try it, by giving the formula to
the Warning fertilizer company could be
sure Of getting the mixture made exact
ly as described
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
Quiet Surf oundings.

A correspondent writes that he has
read with interest what The Rurui and
Stockntnn has sometimes said about the
inju us effect of noise and fright up
on COWS, but that failing to understand
the reason he writes for information
In compliance with our correspondents
request we would say that the secretions
in an excited or frightened COW are
are hindered and are altered The COW
has very sensitive nervous organiza,
ton, fact that has been observed by
anyone who has had anything to do
with cows Every mixer knows how
trifing thing will make cow start
and perhaps tremble from head to foot.
When that occurs in any living Great
ure damage is done in one direction or
another Nature, as it were, for the
time being is brought to a sort of stand
still, as piece of machinery is when
something is thrown into its cogs. In
tercept by some unusual interference
the revolutions of piece of machinery
and the entire machinery trembles and
pauses in its operation, but perhaps
overcomes the obstacle and goes on
with its work. But it has suffered a
strain of more or less severity. With
the COW the machinery may be
regularly at work, and cow at perfect
peace is one of the most perfect pictures
of contentment that can be imagined
She is chewing her cud, with thoughts
apparently far away" as some one ex-
presses, and giving up her milk to the
pressure of ,he mixers hand. The
machinery of the system, in word, is
working easily and with perfect steadi-
ness. Now some brute on two legs ut
tiers a stream of heart piercing and ear
offending profanity or worthless cur
sets up barking in close proximity to
her. calling her to herself, so to speak,
and causing her to stop chewing her
cud. giving down her milk and general
ly throwing every part of her system
temporarily out Of order. What must
we call such state of the system? 1t
is nothing short of disease. Disease
means disorganized system or parts of
the system, and further disease or a
disorganization in one part affects ev-
cry part to a greater or less extent.
The milk and the milk making ma
chiuery being exceedingly sensitive and
delicate they are the first or about the
first to feel the effect. Hence those
who understand the subject and realize
the danger Of annoyance and fright
urge the owner to maintain perfectly
unexciting conditions about the cow.
He is told ''to treat her like lady"
not to permit dogs or boys or men to
bother her, and much of such excellent
advice is given american StocAn'am.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09
THE Farm.
FARM MISCELLANY.
To Destr oy the Cabbage Worm.

There is a very earnest desire among
cabbage growers to learn some remedy
that is effectual in killing the cabbage
worm. There has been given from time
to time, says the Germantown Telegraph,
in our columns remedies that are high.
ly recommended, and still trial proves
them Intellectual. Now there comes an
other that is highly recommended and
which might well be tried, as it is COM
paratively simple: bruise quantity OF
tansy in wooden bucket over which
pour cold water and let STAN unit the
water is quite bitter, and then sprinkle
it over the plants, being sure to reach
the worms with it. 1t is absolutely
necessary that the water shout be quite
bitter.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1886-07-09

In ADVOCATING the necessity for feed
ing COW surplus food beyond the other
needs of the system, Il correspondent OF
the Farmers Re0ieao says:-"I 1t is calcu-
lated that nearly two-thirds of all COW
eats is needed to sustain her existence,
and all the profit comes from the feed
not required for this purpose.
WHENEVER RHUBARB throws out
great many leaves and the stalks are
small and worthless the roots should be
dug up and transplanted, dividing them,
so that only one thrifty bud is left to
each piece of root. This should be done
early in the spring, rs soon as the newly
formed buds are ready to push through
the soil. -
KEEPING down the weeds will not be
the only gain to come from thorough
hoeing. By having layer of finely pull
verified soil at the surface evaporation OF
moisture will be prevented during the
day, while absorption will go on through
the night. After even heavy rain the
soil of the garden should be gone over
with hoe or rake to prevent crusting.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1886-07-28

Lt.D SALI>BUR. has found the defeat
of Gladstone one OF those victories that
is rather difficult TO deal with. He
doubtless knows what q formidable foe
man Gladstone makes. Experience has
taught him that, as well as his long OBJ
servation of those fierce political C n
lists between his some time leader
Lord Be. consfeld-And the great LIB
ersl leader. The din Guilty which bias
given Salisbury the most serious concern
has been the selection of Secretary for
Ireland The dispatches, however,
brought US the news of disappointment
of w. II. Smith for that difficult post.
The refus Il of the Liberal Unionists to
accept Office with the Tory party has
given the leaders Of that party no little
and their movements be-
speak no great faith in the success Of
the 7 government.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1886-07-28
LOYAL SENTIMENTS.

Chaplain Cunning is represented a
saying in his speech at the rink on
Tuesday night in speaking OF the al
legged dlsloyalty Of the Mormon people
But what can you expect from a pee
pie who have never heard any loyal
sentiments uttered1"
To shCw the chaplain how far his re-
marks we're from the truth concerning
the people of Utah we give an extract
from a speech by ID. II. Wells made on
the celebration of the fourth anniger-
sary Of the entrance of the Pioneers
into Salt Lake Valley:
cit has been thought by some that this
people, abused, mRltreated, insulted.
robbed, plundered, murdered, and finally
DISTINGUISHED and eXpatrigted, would nAtu-
rally feel reluctant 70 again unite their des-
tiny with the American Republic" .
mo wonder that II was thought by some
that We would not again submit ourselves
(even while We were yet scorned and ridi
culed) 10 return 20 our allegiance 10 our
country. Remember that il was by the act
OF our native country, not OURS, that We were
eXpatriated, aud then consider the oppOrtu-
nifty we had OF forming other ties Let this
pass while We lift the veil and show the pol
ley which dictated US That country, that
Constitution, those Institutions were all ours;
they ase still ours. Ourfathers were heroes of
the Revolution. Under the master-splrit OF an
Adams, q Jefferson, and q Washington, they
declared and maintained their independ-
ence, and under the guidance of the spirit
OF truth, they fulfilled their mission where
unto they were sent from the presence Of
the Father. Because demRgogues have
arisen and seized the reins of power, should
We relinquish our interest in that country
made dear 10 US BY every tie of association
and consanguinity3" -
Those who have INDUCED such sentiments
concerning US have not read Mormonism
Alright, for never, no never, will We desert
our country cause; never viii we be found
though she may cherish them in her own
bosom. Although she may launch both the
thunderbolts Of war, winch may return and
spend their fury upon her own head, never,
no never, viii We permit the weakness OF
human nature TO triumph over our love Of
country, our devotion 70 her Institutions.
handed down TO Us by her hOnored sires.
made dear TO US by a thousand tender recol-
lections"
That was uttered in the long ago. and
from that time down to the present sen
timents of q like character can be BRO
dueed, sentiments Of purer patriotism
than ever entered the diseased minds of |
those who now stand before the country |
styling themselves the only loyal people |
,f Utah.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1886-07-28

eral. etc. Z He didn't have his sign out.
Again. how was anybody to know that
the Colonel enjoy ed smiles and that be
was given to examining the counter
rnces OF Mormon ladies to see If be
could discover any evidence of a relaxs-
ten of the features ID his importa, |
presence3 Aud again. how should we
ignorant people Of the rowdy west
know that 1t is the proper thing
to do when Colonel Jones comes
along with his badge exposed.
to whip out our handkerchiefs.
assuming that some of US have so far
overcome our barbarian practices as TO
use handkerchiefs instead of coat
sleeTes-and wave them before his K
pectant eyes7 II any of these omissions
shall occur again-if any Mormon lady
shall fail 10 smile serenely and
sweetly upon Colonel Jones, Inspector
and so on-if any Mormon. Jew or Gen
tile lady or gentleman, boy or gill shall
hereafter fail 10 wave handkerchief
when the gallant Jones, Colonel and In
spector-General, exposes the badge OF
the G. A. e., We will notcOmplain If the
Inspector General shall proclaim 1t IN
bad grammar, that "polygamy must go
down" because it is bad though be has
not saw it."
Colonel Jones is . great man. and
hereafter all will do homage TO him; but
he should excuse and pardon the SAID
blunder which has been perpe rated BY |
the inofiensive people of Salt Lake. who |
failed at the insta to recognize the |
mighty warrior who is soiOurning |
among them
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1886-07-28
SKIPPED wYOMINe.

Our friends Of the G. a. R., that is to
say, our visiting friends OF the g. A. R..
wno have taken a hand or rather a Jaw
in the adjustment of the local problem.
missed the first grand opportunity
which presented itself on their travels
across the continent to put in their fms.
They went clear across Wyoming, our
vigorous young neighbor, and never
once .''droPped" on the fact that hey
were travelling right through a question
which may demand the interference of
the g. A. R.. though it is not likely that
it will call out the w. Z. c.. In Wyom-
ing the big cattle owners, or the own
ers OF big herds of cattle, have fenced
in and are fencing vast tracts of the
public domain; one rides over the plains
mile after mile and day after day, by
the side of the decorating barbed wire
surrounding thousands of acr-s of
grass Gov red land which belongs to
the nation. Now he oB els of small
herds of cattle, or of no cattle what
ever, who are largely in the majority,
pro es' against this gobbling of territ ~
aud swear that it III ust cease, or there
will be war; !. they invoke the power and
authority of the government to pull
down the posts and sever the " ire, and
at times the trouble assumes most ser
ious attitude. guns, pistols, axes and
saws being brandished SOU rely in front
of the ripping, tearing aud taut cause
of all the commotion, Government has
done something in the matter; it Ia.
leveled some fence and threatened to tear
down more, but it seems powerless to
deal with the evil effectively, and in a /
way to make its &C ion final. 1t is Wis
ible to US that the government is very
weak, and The cattle kings Of Wyo-
miRg are very powerful. We can
see no other road to an
than by the eftorts OF the
G. A. r. We mean by the effo is of the
G. A. R. comrades who do things with
their jsWbones. II is astonishing, it is
appalling 70 think that these jawbone
braves have crossed Wyoming and never
once offered their services to help along
4 settlement Of the wire fence problem
which threatens TO plunge oar fair
aeighbor dependency into q civil war,
md lay waste fences, grass, bullocEs and
barns by the mile, the acre and the I
Perhaps our G. A. z. friends
Ire saving the Wyoming question for
he home trip. They will solve the Utah
'robiem on the way out, free California
rom the Chinese while resting on the
cast. and en- route for home will adjust
matters in Wyoming. arranging other
nd minor crooked affairs as they shall
'e discovered between stations. Heaven ?
My knows what would have become V
( the roTdy west. had not these patriots Y
nh long tongues and long hair come
rest OF the muddy Missouri during the
OK days. p
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1886-07-28
TIE c. A. r. ROT.

That the brave are always generous,
IS proverb so old that the memory OF
man runneth not to the contrary and
accepting the old adage as q true one.
what must one think Of the ungenerous.
semi-ssvage bombast that exploded at
the meeting Of the G. A. r. on Tuesday
mighty
Ola very low order indeed must be
the self-respect OF those men who can
get so low down as TO shout aloud their
own praises. When Lord CORVALLIS
surrendered at Yorktown, the details
OF the proceedings were carried ont
amid the most profound silence. But
when the British troops first marched
out Of their trenches, in spite of all
restrictions laid upon them BY the COM
mander-in-chief. there were some Of
the American troops who began To
cheer. Washington rode to the point
from whence the cheering proceeded and
severely reprimsnded the men. and
concluded by saying: Let other sener-
,tions do the cheering for u.s." And
iurely 1t would be more in keeping with
he dignity Of such an organization a.
Ee had supposed the G. A. r. TO De if |
hey were to follow that counsel.
The thing which started the speakers
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1886-07-28

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