, 1885-06-16
Ii TORNADO.
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES TO BE
ADOPTED FOR SAFETY.
Every Man should Construct a "Dug-out."
a Place OF safe Retreat-How
TO Dodge tho Funnel Slipped
Aerial Monster,


Signal Service Rep0ri.i
Since W. cannot resist the power OF the
tornado, The question now suggests itself,
What precautionary measures can be
takcnf That which remains TO be done
can be accomplished In an transformations
aud quiet. but secure manner. Every
man can and should construct q dug
out" AT some suitable point. within a con
v~enient distance Of his house. liza per
son is situated within a town or city. lot
h m select some portion Of his yard for
the purpose but II residing in the coun-
try he will not be confined 10 narrow
limits n tie selection OF a desirable loca
tion. Where a person living In n village
has no yard. he must. II he has a cellar,
construct a cellar cave as a means
Of protection. With respect to the
-dug-out. +" in no event should the roof
be other than level with the surface OF the
earth. in fact. it is highly desirable that
the retreat should be so constructed tina
the ordinary surface Of the earth would
form the roof or covering, and that all
preparation Of the domicile proceeded by
way Of excavation and supports from be-
meath. IS TO location. there Is moi much
10 be said, the most important points be-
ing convenient distance. a high. dry
place and possible opportunities TO ex-
cavate into the northern or eastern slope
Of a knoll or hill In the latter instance
the entrance way would suffer less from
the violence Of the storm. providing. per-
haps, that it did not entirely envelop your
retreat, fol, in that event, in the whirl of
the lying debris, all sides alike would be
at the mercy Of the winds
LAYING decided upon the location. as
regards your house OF other buildings,
prepare to sink a shaft. say four to SIX
feet square. the entire depth of your dug
u IRON either the northern or east
ern better the former wall Of this shaft
cut out a stairway leading upward TO the
surface OF the earth for the purpose of in
grcss and cgress. On the side Of the
shaft opposite the stairway,
the excavation for tho inclosed retreat
The size Of the room will, OF course, do.
pend upon how much you may at any
time wish 10 secure from injury Better
have the excavation too large than not
large enough. The slight difference in
the expense of time and labor may. per
haps, be the means Of saving you u great
deal when you least expect 1t. The entire
room should be below the surface OF the
ground Il distance Of at least three feet,
and the oyerhanging roof of earth should
be supported from beneath by heavy
timbers. TO provide against any emergency
like the dashing Of heavy debris or the
tramping of horses and cattle upon it
In the event OF n tornado. YOU retreat
(~dugoutn may be entirely buried be
meath huge piles of debris; therefore ev-
erything must be made as secure as posi-.
bic. The entrance door should be made
Of the heaviest timbers and supported be-
tween castings Of similar strength of con
%struction. Arrangements should be made
TO secure the door by heavy fasienings.
In order that ventilation may be provided
faF fWa hnV anonfu uararftr .tUkf
inches, should be let through the roof.
The top OF these spouts must be level
with the surface of the ground and pro-
tected by iron gratingz entilation may
also be provided for by openings through
the upper portion of the door. and these
also should lie protected by iron gratings.
The "dug-out" should be large enough to
contain your family and such personal Of.
fleets rs are considered most valuable.
In case you are possessed OF a building
that has no -dug-out" or cellar cave, your
best plan Is 10 move from YOUR house, or
from The location where you arc. III not
able TO benefit by these directions. retreat
instantly 10 your cellar. and place yourself
face forward against the west wall, This
is the best position in any cellar. II for
any reason you can not get 10 the west
wall. taAe your position THE next best
face forward against the south wall but
as near the southwest corner as possible.
In case the building Is removed from tho
foundation. it will always be carried above
and over YOU, or If torn 10 pieces. the
debris will be instantly removed TO the
eastward. Under no circumstances,
whether in a building or q cellar, take a
position In a northeast corner, in an cast
room. or against an east wall Remem-
Der that the tornado cloud invariably
moves in a northeasterly direction.
The rule regarding the movement to the
northeast must be obeyed. The northeast
quarter Is a fatal position, whatever may
be said about destruction TO life or prop
erty in any other. II. unfortunately. You
are close pressed by the advancing cloud.
never remain standing and attempt 10
weather the storm. but throw yourself
prone face downward upon the ground,
head TO the east, and arms over the head
to protect IT, II you should cnanco to be
near a large stone or stump, or some
heavy. low object firmly imbeddcd IN the
ground. take q pos ton directly TO the
east Of Il. lying prone upon the ground
head toward the object, protecting the
former with your folded arms This
advice is given In the case ofextreme neces-
sity, where other and better opportunities
are unavailable or have become forfeited.
II is better, II possible, never TO trust
youIetu pcnlhu or ABOUT n movable
OBJ ect located In the center Of the storms
path, by all means not a tree or anything
that rises some distance from the surface
of the ground. II you can get out, never
remain in a house. or any other building
that is at all likely TO be torn down or re.
moved from its foundation. II forced 10
remain IN a building without a cellar, al.
ways take a position against the west or
south wall better the former either prone
face downward upon the moor or stand.
ing with your ba k to the wall
In any building. always take your final
position on the FIRST or ground floor or In
the cellar. Never stand or lie In front Of
a door or window. or near a stove or
heavy piece Of furniture. Make every
effort 10 get into the west room and, II
possible. before the onslaught, remove all
furniture from the western Tortion. II
you nave the necessary time, shut tightly
every window and door IN the building
within which you may be located Of the
time Of the storm Never take refuge In
a forest in a small grove OF trees. in an
orchard. In a building. or near a fence Of
any kind. unless such obstruction is on
tirely out Of the line Of the storm.
Not Teetotalism.