The Hawaiian gazette., 1885-04-01
Remarks upon improvements in Sugar
Manufacture.

At a time when sugar is so low and expenses are
so high that it takes large crop TO pay them,
when the planter at the close of the year, and
when he has cut of, as he thinks, every possible
expense, and finds himself behind hand, necessity
compes him to carefully note every improvement,
by which expenses may be lessened, and he en-
abed to live.
This Is all important TO the prosperity of society
and the state. A plantation giving economical
support TO its operator and family, and three
four hundred employees, skilled and unskiled,
men, women and children, cannot incur debt from
year to wear, but unless the income can be made
10 pay the expenses must 90 down, and If 1t goes
down, it is a heavy blow to the prosperity of the
community. The planter Is without means of liv-
Ing, the employees are without their bread, prop
erty declines cannot be sold, the state Is with
out revenue because the subject orc izen is with
out to pay, the ar;iZan the seamen, and every
department of human industry languishes and
suffers. II is always so in every country. When
its great staples are depressed, and unfortunately
it Is 50 at the present time in nearly all countries
throughout the world, distress in consequence Is
more wide spread than has often been known.
The great staple of this country has been sugar.
Il is that for which the soil and climate pecu
liarly adapted, but for all that it was hardly pay
ing, and resulted in many failures prior to the
reciprocity of 1876 with the L. >, and even with
treaty advantages it has not paid rs universally
US is generally supposed. There have been many
| losses even with good prices and treaty bene-
fits, but the present low prices are worse than any
! thing before experienced, hence any improvement
which would increase the income or diminish the
expense enough to enable planters even TO pay
| their expenses If nothing more were great boon.
Ii would continue to give employment and prevent
suffering, but people are naturally and very prop
/ erly cautious, and experiments expensive, often
disappointing the intelligent and sanguine theor-
ist and precipitating the catastrophe which they
intended 10 avert, hence they reluctantly incur e1-
pense IN experiments or new improvements, to in-
! crease the income TO lively point, even when it
seems 10 their Intelligence that Its success has
been demonstrated lest after all it should fail and
I make their condition worse than before, caution
Is very necessary, but when such Improvements are
/ put forward as woud afford the relief that we
need If they are what they claim to be, it is wise
to give them such Investigation as we are able to
/ assist in deciding the probability of advantage,
/ from the improvement.
! Two things are now especially needed to relieve
the plantations from their perilous condition, one
is curtailiug in everything everything possible,
/ their expenses OF this nature, are the hot air
pipes in saving fuel, spoken OF in Mr. SCOTS let
/ Ter 10 Mr.. Young from Nainaku, Hawaii in the
GAZETTE of March 18th. The other is tn increase,
If possible the production without increasing the
expense. Chemists say that the Games contain
from 66 to 7s per cent. of water L to y per cent
of sugar with small quantity of other soluble
Different kinds of different climates SOILS and sea-
| sons analyze differently, but the average of the
1 above IS l6-5 per cent. 1t Is Known that no
| method has yet been discovered of extracting all
| the sugar from the cane, and any improvement
helping 10 increase the quantity will be in the di-
recti0u of increasing the production without
! responding increase of expense, writer on sugar
! says Of that not released from the cane in the
crushing; The remainder Is still obstinstely
! held by the bagasse and no efectuAl means of re-
| oovery has yet been devised
| The Maceration (which take to be the difn-
SION process. dispensing entirely with the mill,
| has Increased the product largely estate
The difficulty attending its use are the rapid wear
| upon the knives and the time and labor required
| n their use over that in grinding.
| have statement upon which | deem good
authority that 10 $50 English tons of best Demar-
ara field made one English ton OF sugar fraction
over 90 per eeai. s. 30 h kohalz cane, LIST. Rs-
icons weighed in IS75-produced fraction over
~ per cent OF sugar. From the yields Of these two
| fields IN such widely different locations l infer
that it has been about the usual yield OF the
prOduct by past methods of manufacture.
The National Cane ShreidsI;, r new invention.
manufactured by the NsineH Usiipci1sH MI c.. OF
10 Barclay street, New York, was used by Gov
| ernor II. c. Yarmouth Of Louisiana in the mann
| facture of his last crop, which averaged for the
| whole crop AZ fhs OF sugar TO 1000 pounds OF
cane, the last half averaged Isis MS TO ton Of
1000 pounds OF cane The mill gearing of the
| second mill was weak and unsatisfactory during
the frst half of the crop or be thinks the whole
crop would have averaged i15 rs Of sugar per ton
of cane as the last half reached ISIS. The cror
of 1855 averages AS lbs per ton, large difference
in favor Of the shredder.
he says In using the shredder the joints are al