News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1885-12-17

nitre, or malate of lime discernible.
The discussion was quite interesting
and continued till past noon before
the meeting adjourned.
On assembling in the afternoon Mr..
Davis, of Westminster, member of
the Board, first spoke on "Cows and
their management for profit" Dairy
ing is now the principal industry of
Vermont, and anything we can do to
further this interest is worthy of our
attention. To be successful there
must be good cows to commence with.
Jerseys are now largely employed.
But of whatever breed, get, or rather
raise, the best possible for the pur-
pose. Do not trust to looks or
amount of milk alone, for the COW
giving the most is sometimes the poor
est butter maker in the herd. Set
ting the milk and churning the cream
separately is the real truetest. Cows
to be profitable must have good diges-
tive organs, and capable of convert
ing large amount of food into rich
milk. Then there must be plenty of
feed of good quality, and if there is
a variety so much the better; warm
stables properly ventilated, water that
is not ice cold, regularity in feeding
and milking, and cleanliness are all
requisites in the work. Glover hay
cut at the right time and well cured
is one of the best kinds of fodder for
milk. Well cuied corn fodder is also
good. Is his practice to feed corn
fodder twice day, night and morn
ing, and hay at noon. Would not
feed too much straw, and some grain
should be given with it. In summer
there must be good pastures or there
will not be satisfactory results. This
is the more important, as few winter
diaries are kept in the northern part
of the State. Farmers should pay
more attention to their pastures, so
as to have an abundance Of feed of
the very best quality. Low, wet
land with wild, sour grass will pro-
duce poor quality of butter. To
help improve the pasture, would stock
heavily, and when the feed begins to
fail feed grain or soiling crops to
make up the deficiency.
Mr.. Douglass, a member of the
Board from Whiting, followed in a
lecture on 1.-The butter product" The
average product of our diaries is not
far from 125 pounds to the COW. II
this can be increased. to 175 or zoo
pounds it means millions of dollars to
the farmers of the State. If, in adj
dition, the quality of the butter could
be so improved as to command five
cents more per pound large amount
more will be the result. Is it not
true that a great advance can, with
proper effort, be made in this direc-
ton? So it would seem. Were this
the case, it would be the best possible
remedy for hard times. In setting
milk, by whatever system there
should be a uniform temperature
This can be done either by cold OIL
warm setting. If the cream is taken
from the milk sweet, it should be ex-
posed to the atmosphere for time to
ripen or become slightly acid before
churning. Churns with inside works
should not be used. The butter should
be in a granular form when it comes,
and washed and the milk removed
while in this state, as it can be more
perfectly done and without being I'M
duly worked. Salt to suit customers.
The buttermik should be thoroughly
expelled, so that the brine that may
remain will be as clear as water. L
cloudy, there is buttermilk, and the
keeping qualities will be injured
THE quality Should be so good as q
| give it character with dealers or Gus
toners and make for it demand thai
will furnish a market at all times anC
at remunerative prices. His COWS are
largely Jerseys, and he finds it neces
sary to raise the temperature of the
cream at least five degrees for churn
ing, or 81 degrees in summer and g.
in winter. Concerning the marketing
of the butter, has uniformly goot
quality, and this has become known
to dealers so that they want it, theI
satisfactory prices should be obtained
E. R. Towle made few remark
relative TO the difference in quality Q
butter resulting from poor pastures
the same being a considerable pc
cent. in favor of the good.
C. Smith, from a dairy of abou
80 COWS, has very Bearly made an av
erage of 240 pounds of butter pc
cow during the past year. Cows ar
Jerseys. Another man with one COW
: three-fourths Jersey, and family G
two, sold 255 pounds of butter.
Mr.. Spaulding thought the dairie
of Lamoille county would average ID
pounds per COW. Was of the opir
,, ion that if a farmer could make II
pounds of butter per COW without pun
chasing feed it was doing pretty well
Was in favor of having creamery i
this vicinity.
In the evening the subject "Ho
we may improve our homes" We
treated in a valuable address by D.
= Cutting. He first spoke of the hous
+ and the Importance of having tt
! doors so that they can be easil
!, opened and shut, and the window
made tight. The cellar needs after
ton; have the water convenient
,, the house. Should attend to ever,
!, thing about the house, inside and on
and have everything as converter
and comfortable as possible. III
same may be said of the barns, whel
. so much work has to be done. Ho
E much land on otherwise valuable farm
= is encountered with bushes and weed
by the fences and in the mOwir
. fields. If more attention was pal
n to keeping the road sides clear
= weeds, briars and bushes, how mut
pleasanter our highways would b
while vast amount or seeding IL
o adjoining fields with weeds of TO
growth would be prevented. If mea
q ows can be kept in good condition
. top-dressing it is better than mu'
n blowing. To find definitely what pa
: ticular element of plant food IS nee
v ed on any field cannot be we'll dete
8 mined, except by experiment with d
= ferent fertilizing materials, and ha
h ing ascertained this, apply 10 the hel
r Finds that small quantity of manu-