davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

KANSAS CITY, May l1-Cattlc-- The Live
stock Indicator reports Cattle, receipts 500;
Wcuk and 5eglO lower exporters. g. lbaA,ir.
good To choice shipping steers, a. 9ool ~.
common to medium 81 5Oai ~. fcck"rs. Sta
I 10. cows. g. SOFAS "a
HugS-Rcccipts. 5ltG. weak and BE- lower
closing weak nj 81 s5W 70.
Shccp-licceipts, &C. firm: fair 10 good
muttons S5g4. common to medium, s. ~"
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

Fifteen different kinds at II. Bch-
rs
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14
Fruit, Poultry. tame. Etc.

Apples-i5Q 10 800 per barrel.
Lemons-3.75 TO 400 per box.
sweet pOtatOes-75c 20 70 per busheL
Ouions-3 25n4 90 per barrel
FotatOes-Per bushel, 20 % Ito.
Cabbage-Pef crate, z rs TO %
Chickeus-Per dozen, 200 " $50. turkeys GO
to 500.
Eggs--SH9c per dozen.
Butsr-Chnice western, p 20 Csc: country, IS
o AOc
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14
BANK REPORT.

Report of the condition of the Wa
60 National Bank. at Waco. in the
state of Texas. at the CLOSE at bust
ness, May 9Th, 1850.
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

BOYS Linen pants, at Levine Bros,
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

Gross receipts, - Exports, - hnles Ship
mcnts. cOastwi e. SO. Rail shipments, 81
stock. sos. Quota tiuus unchanged.
GALvEsTUE FUTURES.
GALvEsTOs, May FIXTURES opened
quiet but steady, ruled dun and quiet, closing
dun but stead, to points higher May ~
ppfut~ lirhpr
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

IA ASrFp-Aftcr May Tor three months
Ht once Ia A + Peclcr 52l Austin avenue
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

Peltrcs-Decr skins, l5o.I oantol opc, 10 Ia
be seal skins, u 10 2Oo sheep pelts, AS pc
wool, 10 Ia G5c; shoarings. 10 to i5c.
Tnllow-rrime, '4c tallow grease, a. To Sc
grease yellow TO brown. 4 to &c.
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14
IS CENT COLUMN
WANTED

ylvASTED A good reliable woman to 10
GEO u srREETER
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14
Drugs.

Acids-Sulpnmic, per carpoy, -; citric, per
ZOE oNalic, per Ill., Ice; iartaric, powdered, per
IT, tU0 G5c.
Gums-Arahic, select, per 10, roc ns7fcodita.
% to 3Oc: camphor % to iDc, opium, $50 to itD.
Oils-icfgamot, sandersOns, per ID 10 lrn
green ZOO olive, Malaga. la
Potash-Brumide, per 10, a. to 5Oc.iodlde. A.
s"ap,s--'astile, notified, per ID, To lOc cas-
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

Wool-Fiuc. twelve months growth. ij@i So
medium twelve months growth, ljaLl7c me
dun, six months growth, lao he. Cuursc
twelve months growth, l0mi2C
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

VI on left shoulder, aud II on left
thigh; appraised by j. T.. 1ubbs and
G.. Il. Williams, $500.
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

Rough, per M, Il %; foorng, Is 10. siding
yellow pine, u o. siding. white pine. - ~.
siding poplar, ~ o. ceiling, yellow pine. % ~,
ceiling, white pine, 20 %; ceiling, poplar, - No.;
shingles, best cypress per NJ / 10 shingles,
second best cypress, %, shingles, heart pine,
3 90 finishing lumber poplar per NJ, 80 ~. I'm
lshlmg lumber. white plne 10 10.
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14


BRcon-ShOrt clear. 7ac.
Dry salt meats--Short clear TIC
Hams-lOhN &c
MISUNDERSTANDING new, 30 o55c; louisiana
syrup. Csc
Cohee-Falr, II to l2c; prime Rio TX to
hc. choice RIO, l. 10 axe; PcHbcrry, II to Is
tlOur-Orlinary: per 100 lbs. , 30 To zoo fam
iy, rs; patent process, 800 10 3.2i, fancy pat
ent 3.2j@ $50; rye per barrel, 5.25.
Oat mea l-ilalf barrels, AS TO i.7b. grits, bar
rcls, 90 homiuy, pearl, -.
--Cuars salse, per bnrrel.2 W TO ais; dairy,3 -
Rice-Choicc louisiana 7Ac per ID. PRIME
~ 20 64c
starch-Pearl. ikc; r. G., 40 lbs, bulk, Be-.
hiscellansous-BlAckp pepper 2Oc. soap. white,
per box, $50 soap Kirk's olive, per box
3.7j. soap. blue olive, per box, 400 TO %
oil, kerosene, 10 test 2-5s, 200. Kerosene 10
test l2-ls; 3.si. kerosene $50 test, 2-5s 300 bar
rels, per gallon, l7c: candles, lie. beans. per
10, ito iAci Lima Sc; cheese, fun cream l55sc
rope, half inch basis, s1.c: krauL per barrel
$50 per half barrel, 100 pickles, half barrel
medium 800 barrels, small, 100
noiuus. per barrel, $50 cabbages, per crate
$50 cider. barrels, $50 half barrels 500; pOta
toes per hushel, In sacks 81 10.
The Waco daily examiner. [volume] (Waco, Tex.) 187?-1888, 1885-05-14

Nkw York. NAV T. Futures closed
quiet but ,lcudy, to- points higher. June, 3
points higher.
sales l.; uub
Thc follow itr ARE the quotations
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
Marrow Escape from Death.

4 Marlborough q. W special of the
18th says John Galloway is MARI
borough man, and he came within an
ace Of losing his life Yesterday after
noon on the line o. the West Shore rail-
road through an accident the like OF
which probably never happened before.
Galloway was driving along the road
which leads to and from the steamboat
docks and West Shore station. The
tracks are on one side of the road and
the Hudson river on the other at the
foot Of deep declivity. The road
ends abruptly at the railroad cross
ing. Yesterday afternoon Galloway
was driving spirited team. As
the horses reached the crossing the
whistle Of q locomotive hauling heavy
freight train gave shrek Of warning.
causing the team 10 bolt. The square
box OF the lumber-wagon. in which Gal
loway sat. was upset, he being thrown
lengthwise on the south-bound track,
while the box fell squarely on top of
him, and pinned him to the ground a
prisoner. The heavy freight train was
only few yards away. The accident
was witnessed by Tclegrapher Penny,
who seized broom--there was no time
TO yet a red hag-and waved il wildly
at the engineer. Workmcn in the neigh
borbood wrenched the tighty-wcdged
box from between the rails and pulled
the terrified man from his dangerous
position.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
4 LIVELY TINE.
TreshmGn and Sophcmores Fight Over a
Funeral PyTe.

Funeral Pyre.
A Schenectady On. " special say, ::
At - o'clock last night the mercury
was several degrees below zero. The
frigidity of the weather. however. did
not prevent a party of young men from
assembling in Jay street. They were
members of the freshman. class of
Union College. They wore long white
gowns. white caps. and white masks.
Some carried torches. others carried
canes. The backs of the gowns
were decorated with black skulls
and crosSbonos. II Is very
old custom at Union that the fresh
men shall crematc some mathc-
NAUTICAL work during the latter part of
the second term. and it was To per-
petuate this tiIne-honorcd custom that
the freshmen bravcd the bitter cold.
1t is the ambition Of every class 10
burn the textbook used bv the pro-
fesSor. II is seldom that the BOYS are
smart enough TO get the Professors
book. although ~ claims that it re-
duccd Tutor Anable's algebra to ashes.
The class Of IS was not % fortunate.
and wcll-thunbed book was laid in
the coffin. The Continental Drum Corps
was On hand waiting for the funeral
procession. Marshal Wakeman or
dercd his company Of ghosts to form
hollow square about the coffin then he
gave the order to march. The process
sion, which was escorted b., ,a:aslt a 10
zen policemen and many juniors with
biz sticks. began to march. \ running
fire of eggs was kept up by the sopho-
mores along the whole march. When
the eggs were exhausted pieces of snow
and ice were thrown. The freshmen
kept in fairly good order. and marched
up to the college, followed by the sophie
mores. When the procession reached the
"bluc gate il was stoutly barricaded
with wagons, Sleighs, and many cords of
wood. The procession then moved to
the upper mall. This had been wired.
but the policemen cut the wires and
made passage. The coffin was taken
TO the campus and fired. A general
fight then took place around the lunc-
ral-pyre, in which the Juniors joined.
Baseball bats and heavy canes were
used with telling effects. Several stu
dents received severe injuries Oh the head
from clubs. Two students have been
arrested by the police, and war
rant has been issued against po-
liceman for assaulting a student on
the campus. The officer will be tried
before the police commissioners.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20

Eastern Shore counties were held by
Fedcrals from the very beginning Of The
struggle. The majority Of the best
negroes have gone to northern cities 10
search Of higher wages than they could
expect here, and those that remain,
with some notable exceptions, are un-
reliable MS laborers, and consequently
thriftless as community. The greater
part Of the labor in this section is per-
formed by the white farmers and ten
ants themselves; and il is evident that
white labor will in the course Of time
supplant colored labor almost entirely
in Accomack, where the negroes are
much less numerous in the little neigh
boring county OF Northampton.
News reached here last night Of two
theits recently committed near Hawks
Nest. in the lower part Of Accomack,
and the arrest Of the perpetrators. For
some time past Mr.. Thomas G. Elliott,
a merchant living in that section, had
observed that thieves had been robbing
his corn-crib and the shcd-room Of his
storehouse. lie set a gun in the corn
crib Friday night, and about 4 O'Clock
in The morning heard it explode. On
going out he found the door OF the crib
opened and hat and pair Of mittens
lying on the ground. The mittens
were recognized as belonging to
a colored man named Ned Coulburn,
who was arrested and found TO have in
his possession considerable quantity
Of the tobacco which Mr.. Elliott had
lost. lie denied having anything to do
with the theft, and declared that he had
gotten the tobacco from an old negro
man named Kiab Powell. Coulburn
was committed to jail on Saturday. aed
search was made for Kiab Powell, but
he could not be found till yesterday
evening, when he was discovered at the
house Of negro in an unfrequented sec
ton with his breast and face full Of bird
shot from Mr.. Elliott's gun. lie is now
in Jail.
Tramps--once curiosity in this re-
gion--have now become numerous, fol-
lowing in the wake of the railroad.
When they get to the jumping-of place
at Cape Charles, and find that they
can't beat their way over the bay, they
have to retrace their steps up the pc
kALLIAS.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
4 GRAND INDIAN POW VOW,
The sin Nations select Ta-he-aa.eus rs
Member OF the Board Of Chiefs.


The sin Nations select Ta-he.aa'eus rs
Member Of the Board OF Chiefs.
A Syracuse IN. W special says !;
War Chief Ta-ho-ga-ous was accepted
this afternoon at the Onondasa Indian
reservation. six miles from this city, by
Grand Council Of the Six Nations, as
a member Of the Board Of Chiefs, and
is now competent to participate in the
most high and mighty deliberations.
Ta-ho-ga-ous, whose name in English
means At the Parting Of the Ways, sue
ceeds to the place made vacant by the
death Of Chief James Reuben. His
election was not brought about in a
hurry, for each of the IL totums, or
clans, among the Onondagas, as with
the rest of the Six Nations, had can
didate, and it took good deal Of sit
ting around and tobacco-smoke and
silent reverie to settle on the right
man. The Beavers, the Swapping
Turtles, the Eels, the Little Plovers,
and all the rest Of the clans were
represented. Before the grand cabi-
net Of the Six Nations paid any atten-
ton to the pretentions Of any candi-
date he had to be endorsed by his own
nation. Many mighty men came from
the Tuscaroras, the Tonawandas. and
the Senecas. There was Lost Leaf,
Holder of the Tree, Big Tree, Twenty
Canoes, Drawing the Sword. and John
son Big Foot, who has written book
on the customs Of the Six Nations. a
great many caucuses were held among
the visitors, but the chiefs did not meet
with 0nondaga mugwumps till just be-
fore the time of holding the Grand Coun-
ell. The new chief is Beaver.
At 8 O'Clock this morning the fires
were lighted in the cOuncil-house and
large boilers were filled with chunks Of
beef. vegetables, &C., in preparation for
the grand feast Four hours before the
sachems finally appeared after their
secret session men, squawS, and pa
pooses began to gather at the council
house. Nobody seemed in hurry.
When the room was so full that there
was not, apparently, room for another
papOOse, the sachems made a serious
and impressive entry and took
their positions in the middle of the
room, smiling with pleasure as the fra
grant fumes from the boilers tickled
their noses. 1t was whispered that
the name Of Ta-ho-ga-ouS had been
brought before the secret council, and
that the nomination had been confirmed.
Nobody dared to say this outside of
whisper, however: for it was felt to be
a State secret. Chief Webster nm
folded the sacred belt of wamplm.
that looks like large hair sur
cinglc, and bears upon il mystic
rious and significant signs that give
the inside points Of Indian history.
and which every Indian can read. After
reading select passages, he announced
the choice of Ta-hO-ga-ous as a MEM
Der Of the Grand Council At this
everybody said Ugh" in a joyful
and Mr.. Ta-ho-ga-ous re-
ceived the congratulations Of his friends.
The covers were then taken off the
boilers ami all fell to with plates and
pals and Saucers, and helped them
selves to remarkable and original beef
stew The delegates from abroad eX-
pressed themselves as delighted with
their entertainment. The exercises
were witnessed by hundreds Of whites.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
NORFOLK AND TICINITl.

Peanut-Faetory Burned-The New Pier.
Correspondence oftbe Richmond Dispatch.
NORFOLK. March ~, 1885.
The peanut-factory of Judge r. W.
Arnold, at Waverly station, on the Nor
folk and Western railroad. was burned
about 10 O'Clock last night, together
with 1000 bags Of peanuts. Loss
about 5000; insurance between 81 900
and $4,000. The fire is supposed to
have caught from spark from the en-
CINE in the building.
Engineer W. W. Coe and party of
the Norfolk and Western officials visit
ed the Lambert's-Pont coal pier this
morning, and are very much pleased
with the work. The Norfolk and West
err Company propose in the future to
erect grain elevator, build stock
yards. and complete every arrangement
for handling the products of the western
country.
The British steamship Dalcooth
slipped her propeller near Crump'S
bluff yesterday, and her captain came
here for assistance to-day. Ella.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
Virgins News Notes.

Page farmers complain that much o.
the old clover has been frozen out thi,
winter.
Professor Moore. ia Union Theology
cal Seminary. has been elected mem
Der of the Society Of Biblical Litera-
turc and Exesensis at Boston.
Rev. J. Il. Bridges, of Baltimore,
having received call to the pastorate
Of the Presbyterian church Of Leesburg.
has accepted the same, and will assume
his relation a. pastor the first Sunday
in April.
The Page Courier says The dwell
ing-house Of u. W. Stricklcr, situate
near Leeksyille. was destroyed BY fire
a few nights ago. There was no one
at the house at the time, Mr.. Stricken
being engaged at his saw-miIl near
Marksyille.
The Stanton roii,y rirg,aiaa saws !:
"Wednesday Miss Fannie :. Bayly, one
of Staunton's lovcliest young ladies and
universal iayorite, was thrown from
horse she was riding and badly bruised
and cut on the face. Her lip aud eve
were painfully lsccratcd.
A Woods CROSSROADS letter 10 the
West Point Mor says: Miss Ids NJ.
Mitchell, daughter Of Mr.. A. y. Mitch
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
a Scene in the Austrian Parliament.

\ Vienna Special says: A disgrace
full scene occurred during the session OF
the Austrian Chamber of Represents
lives to-day. Two deputies. one of
whom is Pole and the other Ger
man, became engaged in an angry
debate, during which insulting person
aliticS were band led back and forth.
The spectators in the galleries freely
cheered the disputantS according to
their respective sympathicS. At last
the Pole advanced to where the German
stood and threatened to thrash him.
At This the Polish element in the gal
leries raised tumult Of applause. The
floor of the Chamber was chaos of ex-
cited deputies, all angrily shouting and
shaking their fists. The president was
powerlcss to preserve even scmblance
Of order At last the originals were
separated by their friends, and the SEES
SION WAS hastily adjourned.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20

A Washington telegram says: This
afternoon being remarkably bright and
pleasant there were very many callers
out paying respects to Mrs. Hendricks
and The ladies' OF the Cabinet families.
Mrs. Hendricks had quite lcyec in the
main parlor at Wizards, and has
abundantly established her ability for
social leadership at the Capital. Mrs.
Manning and Mrs. Endicott. receiving
in their private apartments at the Ar
lington, had their parlors filled during the
afternoon. Mrs. Whitney received here
for the first time this afternoon, and the
favorable impression she made at the
White House last night was deepened for
those who met her in her own house.
She wore a handsome dress OF black OF
toman silk, with jetted net draperies
and trimmings and ornaments OF large
diamonds. The house was fragrant
with vases of roses scattered through
the parlor, and the dining-room was
frightened with bowls filed with large
red and yellow double tulips. The
wife OF Senator Mcpherson presided
over the table, and Mrs. Archibald
Hopkins, granddaughter OF Ed
ward Everett, assisted Mrs. Whit
ney in receiving the visitors as
they entered. Mrs. Bayard and her
daughter had the assistance Of Miss
Stearns, the niece of Mrs. Belden Norlc,
at their pleasant reception this after
noon. Miss Catharine Bayard presided
over the tea-table, and with large
samovar and a quaint Japanese teapot
made excellent tea. Acknowledgement
Garland's mother, Mrs. Hubbard, re-
ceived many visits to-day, and her as
sistants in that pleasant duty were Mrs.
Warren, Mrs. Wilcox, and Miss Daisy
Garland. Mrs. Villas was not at home
to callers to-day and will leave for Wis
cOnsin in the morning.
The British Minister and Miss West
gave a small dinner this evening in
honor of ex-President Arthur. The
table, handsomely decorated with How
ers, had as a central ornament large
cushion of double variegated tulips.
Miss West, Miss Flora West, and Mrs.
Helyar, wife Of the secretary of the Le-
CATION, were the hostesses. Those in
yited TO dine with the ex-President were
ex-senator and Mrs. Pendleton, Miss
Lucy Frelinghuysen, Judge and Mrs.
John Davis. Mr.. and Mrs. Horace Hell
var, Mrs. David King Of New York,
Count Sala. and Mrs. Alan Johnston.
After dinner a number Of the intimate
family friends of the diplomatic circle
joined the dinner company, and the eve
ning's enjoyment was protractcd until
a late hour.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
THE EASTERN SHORE.
sisns OF Activiy-T hieves Small Farmers
4 Thief shot.

sisns OF Thieves Small Farmers
Thief shot.
Correspondence ofthe Richmond Dispatch
ONANCoCK, March l.. 1885.
The people of the Eastern Shore.
many Of whom were bitterly opposed
TO the building Of the railroad through
this section, are beginning to see some
Of the benefits that must flow from this
great artery of trade that connect, us
with the great eastern markets. At all
the stations on the new road there are
unmistakable signs Of business thriil
and enterprise. The lands lying around
the stations have been laid of into lots,
and many of them sold to persons, who
are engaged IN erecting storehouseS on
them while numerous farms have been
recently sold to men from the North,
who have been attracted TO this section
by the valuable trucking lands and oys-
ter grounds now offered for sale.
Situated between the ocean and the
bay, and famed by the refreshing
breczes from these great bodies OF
water, onr peninsula must become a
fayoritc summer retreat for the pleasure
loving people OF New York aud Phils-
delphia, with which cities We nov have
rapid aud easy communication by rail.
The unsurpassed facilities of this region
for fishing and for shooting all kinds of
Waterfowl are causing Sporting-men to
turn their eyes in this direction, and
the example Of the Washington Sport
ing Association, that purchased Revell's
island ON The seaside last fall, il likely
to be followed by others in the near
future.
These are only some Of the many
signs Of awakened activity now visible
ON the Eastern shore OF Virginia. which
is destined soon 10 become the ,eritable
ssrden-epot OF the State. II is an
neanced that the coming exhibition Of
our Agricultural Society will be the
mast varied and extensive ever held here.
There are fortunately but few large
farms on the Eastern Shore--not many
OF the farms containing As much as i've
hundred acres. The population con-
sists mainly Of small landed proprietofs
or well-to-do tenants, whose principal
crops are sweet aud Irish potatoes.
vegetables. peaches, pears, and early
trucks cfvarious kinds. Hardly enough
corn for home consumption is raised.
hardly any wheat and oats, and no To-
bnecc. At present sweet potatoes con-
stitute the leading crop.
The labor question is sorely sesing
the hrmers. The negroes Of this Sec
zion, ss rule, are not as thrifty as
nifht be expected from the circum-
rssncek thst now surround them. The |
var dsmoralized thsin badly, for tbs !
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-03-20
Movement Of Sap I'm Trees.

=" Practical Forestry by A. s. Puller.
All plants obtain their nOurishmcnt
in liquid Of gaseous form, by imbibi-
ton through the cells of the younger
roots or fibrilS. The fluids and gases
thus absorbed, probably minglng with
other previously asSimilated matter, are
carried upward from cell to cell through
the alburnum or Sap-wood. until it
reaches the buds. leaves, and smaller
twigS. where IT is exposed to the
air and light. and converted into organ
liable matter. In this condition part
goes to aid in the prolongation of the
branches, enlargement Of the leaves.
and formation of buds, flowers. and
fruit. and other portions are gradually
spread over the entire surface of the
wood. extending downward TO the ex-
tremitics of the roots. We often speak
of the downward flow of sap. and even
of its circulation. but the movement in
trees in no way corresponds with the
circulation Of blood in animals; neither
does il follow any well-deiincd channels.
for it will. when obstructed, move lat
orally as well as lehgtbwise. or with the
grain OF the wood.
The old idea that the sap of trees de-
Sccnded into the roots in the fall. re-
naming there through the winter. is an
error with no foundation whatever. As
the wood and leaves ripen in the au-
tumn. the roots almost cease to imbibe
crude sap. and for awhile the entire
structure appears to part with moisture.
and doubtless does so through the cx-
halations from the ripening leaves,
buds. and smaller twigs but a.
warm weather again approaches the
temperature of the soil increases.
the roots again commence to absorb
crude sap and force it upward. where
it meets soluble organized matter.
changing its color, taste. and chemical
properties. If this was not the case
We could not account for the saccharine
properties Of the sap of the maple or
for the presence of various mucilaginouS
and resinouS constituents of the sap Of
trees IN early spring. because we find
no trace of such substance in the liquids
or crude sap as absorbed by them from
The soil.
The life OF the tree. Mr. Fuller
teaches. Is all in the bark and sap Of the
wood, the heart being dead, and sery-
Ing the tree only TO strengthen it me-
chanically, as shown sy the fact that It
may be removed entirely by decay, and
still the tree grows on vigorously for
,Sa;Glies.