davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1885-03-06
Driving Business from the Road.

1t is certainly unfortunate for the Bee line that
SO many Of their passenger trains are late in
reaching indianapolis from the East. While
the fault lies largely with Eastern connections,
the companys business west Of Indianapolis is
suffering severely thereby. It is very trying for
passengers at points on the road, or for ST. Louis
passengers from Indianapolis, to wait Eve, seven
and sometimes twelve hours for trains, and un-
less the management are DESTROYS of driving the
travel from their road, they should at once, when
an Eastern train is several hours late put a
special train to run through ON the
regular trains time, there is very
serious complaint of the irregularity of Bee
line trains. Their chief competitors, the Van
dalia and the c., ST. L. & F., have almost daily,
during THE difficult times for heavy through
trains to make schedule time, put on special
trains to accommodate the travel. The c., l., St
L. 81 G., as we'll. the past winter, has made an
excellent record in this respect.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1885-03-06
reference 60 tho Ladies.
Washington Post.

The Equal Rights Society,"" Of Richmond,
KY, solenlnIy request ms to ask Mr.. Cleveland to
place In close juxtapositon to his official person
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1885-03-06
East-Bound Rates in Bad shape.


1t has been well known by competitors of the
Wabash St Louis e. Pacific that the latter has
for some days past been taking large per cent.
of the business from Indianapolis proper
at cut rates-givirg an 1Scent rate
per 100 pounds, Indianapolis to New York,
with three-cent rebate or 16 cents per 100
pounds rate fat. Yesterday Commissioner
Doherty called the agents of the seven roads in
the east bound pool together to talk tho matter
over. Mr.. Walker, agent of the Wabash at this
point strange to say stated that he was
not aware that the Wabash was cutting
rates, but before the meeting was over
doubtless became convinced that they were.
After due deliberation the agents voted TO
mako the rate from Indianapolis to the sea
board by all lines l6 cents per 100
pounds, the same rate made by the Wabash
people. such rate to prevail until the Wabash re-
stores rates to l8 cents per 100 pounds, and pro-
viding the Wabash goes below 16cent rate, the
other roads will drop rates to meet any made by
the Wabash. Unfortunately, the reduction in
rates is extending to other classes of freight be-
sides grain 1t is said that the Wabash people
feel over the treatment they have received at
the hands of the roads in the pool, and therefore
take this method to retaliate. When the last
pool statement was made, the Wabash was 3 per
cent. behind Ia its tonnage, and it is said that
the other roads, with one or two exceptions, OBJ
cents i'll tonnage, or to pay them money to bal
ance the per cents
Is 1t BlaH Game the l., B. s. w. Is Playing?
The Indiana, Bloomington Sc Western compa-
ny have commenced taking the Westinghouse
air brakes off of the L., D. g. S. engines. and
putting. back the Eames brake, which was in use
on the l., d. & S. equipments before the road
was turned over to the l., B. & w. people, and
orders have been given, it is stated officially to
put the old L., B. g. W. round house in order TO
house engines There are sixteen stalls in this
round house; and several other orders have been
issued to indicate that the l., b. g. w. people
are fully determined upon unloading the L., D.
& S. road. Yet there is prevailing belief
that the L., b. &c w. people are making
such moves simply, so to speak, to scare the
l., d. d s. company into more favorable con-
tract for the l., B. 81 w. A few days however,
will settle the question. 1t is said that there is
syndicate ready to take the road and operate
it on the same terms as the l., B. 81 W.,
and make it moro of local road than it has
been for three years past. People on the line of
the road are quite anxious something should
turn up by which they will DO better accemmo-
dated. The feeling is that while the road was
under the Hammond management it suffered
from extravaganza, and under the l., B. g. w.
management from negligence
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
ENGLAND'S EMERGENCY.

What England needs IS new
premier and new general; and it is
the most discouraging feature of
her present Dredicament that she is
likely to get neither. There is little
ground for hope that Mr.. Gladstone
will be Immediately replaced by a
statesman in ardent sympathy with
the vehement oUtburst Of patriotic
determination, or that Wolseley,
who spent four months in crawling
from Cairo to Korti, and is covering
at Korti yet, will be superseded by
Roberts, who, when he meant to
strike the Afghans, chose the quick.
est and not the longest road. Look
ing back over the last twelve months
Englishmen have cause to blush for
nothing but the blunders of pro-
crastipating statesmen and overrated
generals. Wherever subordinate
commanders have had chance to
fest their skill, wherever British
soldiers have been allowed to prove
their mcttle, they have earned graf
itude and honor. Wolseley's first
duty is to relieve, with all possible
dispatch, the remnant Of Gen. Stew
arts column at Gubat, which, since
the capture of Khartoum has set all
the desert tribes.aAame and left all
the Mahdi's forces available for fresh
pggressions, is in the utmost peril
General Wolseley telegraphs that
it will take five weeks for him to
reach khartoum. The problem OF
how long it will take English rein,
agreements to get there is easy tc
solve. 1t will not be before hor
weather, which is likely to Stay more
than the Mahdi will. The outlool
is bad for the English.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
FROM SNOW TO ROSES.
".

st. -1ugustino, F2orida-Ihe Oldest
I6,cn IN tie United StateS-
Being for tile Host Part His
t0ricuI
In this letter I must ask my read
ers to go back with me over three
hundred years and follow up the
history of the ancient town of St.
Augustine, Florida, through the
many viciSsitudes which Father
Time has brought upon it, and
which, as the oldest town in the
United States, Undue it with more
historical interest than perhaps any
other place in the country possesses.
The honor of having discovered
Florida has been assigned by differ
ent writers to Columbus, Cabot and
De Leon; but to De Leon in all
probability belongs the credit, for
we have no authentic record that
either Columbus or Cabot touched
this point, but De Leon certainly
did, and made his first landing at
or near Cape Sable. The date was
March 81, 1912, Palm Sunday.
(Pasqua Florida and from the ac-
cidental discovery on that day
comes the name Florida, and not
from the floral wealth of the coun-
try. After erecting a cross and
celebrating q solemn mass, De Leon
proclaimed the sovereignty of the
Spanish crown and proceeded across
the country to the Gulf of Mexico.
1t is not our purpose to follow him
in his researches. st. Augustine is
our topic for the time being, and
we leave De Leon, to pursue our
account of this place.
Under the command of Captain
Rene Laudonnere, Spaniard, an
expedition set forth to establish q
permanent settlement in Florida,
where since Dc Icons time a mea-
gre colony had gotten foothold
He reached the coast at st. Angus
tine, and his account of the landing
is very interesting. He says;
owe arrived on Thursday, the
22d of June (l564), about three
o'clock in the afternoon and landed
at a little river which is thirty de-
grees distant from the equator. AT.
ter we had struck sail and cast an.
Choir athwart the river, / determined
to go on shore to discover the same
Therefore, being accompanied by
Mons. de Ottigni, with Mons. d'Ar
lac, mine Ensign, and a certain
number of gentlemen and soldiers
| embarked myself about three oil
four o'clock in the evening, and be.
ing arrived at the mouth of the riy-
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13

ton but two persons in full town
meeting voted 10 return to the dis
tflet sSstem.alNo town in vermont
after FIVE years trial of the town
system has returned to the district
system of schools.
During the last session of our
General Assembly the committees
on education fully considered the
comparative merits of the town and
district systems of schools, and rec
commended the adoption of the town
system. While the matter was un-
der consideration testimony con.
corning the working of the system
was received from many of the
towns using it. That testimony
was reported in the Montpelier Dali
ly Journal, from which we make
extracts.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13

Rhode Island is about to wipe
out the disgrace of lax divorce laws.
There is said to be a regular colony
of New York and Philadelphia
wives from among fashionable cir
cles staying at Newport, in order TO
acquire n residence, and then sue
for divorces. Gov. Bowen in his
annual message, took energetic
ground in favor of a reform, and a
bill was promptly introduced into
the legislature, which provides that
applicants for divorce shall have
lived three years ia the state; and
that no divorce shall be granted for
acts occurring in another state, UNI
less snch canses are legal grounds
for divorce in the state III which
they occurred. The bill will be
pushed to passage as quickly as
possible.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13

er, ! caused the channel to be
sounded, which was found to be
very shallow, although that further
within the same the Retet was there
found reasonably deep, which sep
arateth itself into two great arms,
whereof one runneth toward the
south, and the other toward the
north. Having thus searched the
river, went on land to speak with
the Indians, which waited for us
upon the shore, which at our com
ing on land came before us crying
with a loud voice in their Indian
language, Antipola Bonasou,' which
is as much as to say, brother, friend,
or some such like thing. After they
had made much of us, they showed
us their parcoussy, that is to say,
their king or governor, to whom !
presented certain toys, wherewith
he was well pleased, and for mine
own part l praised God continually
for the great love l found in these
savages, which were sorry for moth
ing, but that the night approached
and made us retire into our ships
Howbeit, before my departure
named the river the River of Dol
phins, because at mine arrival / saw
a great number of dolphins which
were playing at the mouth thereof.
After undergoing the many diff
ficulties experienced by all new set
Elements in America-Indian wars
sickness, faminc-the little colon
became firmly rooted, and the tow
under the name of St. Augustine
was formally founded.
The Spaniards and the FrencI
had several bloody fights over tn
control of the town, and during
weakened state of affairs, the Eng
fish took possession and held it I'm
til the American colonies became a
independent government, when tn
whole state of Florida becam
one of the United States. At tn
beginning of the war of the Rebe
lion St. Augustine was held b
Southern troops, but on hearing o
the approach of the United State
forces they evacuated, and til
Union army held possession of tn
town until the close of the war.
l have devoted so much space
St, Augustine of the past that fin
| must describe St. Augustine as
is to-day in another letter, which
will do at an early date, w. P. s.
Jacksonville, Fla, Feb. /, 1885.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
FROM RANDOLPH

Mr.. Z. r. Grow, CHAIRMAN of the BOARD of
directors, stated that the town system had
worked well. Regular attendance, less tar
diness, greater interest by pupils and par
cnts, equality Of privileges and equalizing of
school taxes, better and permanent teachers
at Il smaller actual cost. has been the outcome
of the adoption of the town system Mt Kan
dolph.
Mr.. A, a. Smith was of the opinion that tina
people get mo,e for their school money, a
great deal, under the town system of man.
agcment; the school furnishings are better
the houses are kept in better condition, the
teachers are permanently engaged, extend
ing IN some cases to two years, while before
there was a change every term; under the
district system thereuwas reat inequality in
the length of terms II different districts.
now each district has TIE same number OF
weeks formerly some districts paid Il high
school tax, others none at all. Now there is
equality of taxation for the schools,
Mr.. ID. ii. Morse corroUorated all that haC
been said about the favorable working OF thu
system. The tax in his district had been one
dollar on each dollar of the grand list for thu
support of schools. Now it was thirty cents
on the dollar, with more weeks of school, bet.
ter teachers and better schools.
Mr.. II. G. Gilbert explained how teachers
meetings were regularly held for mutual i'm
provement in school work under the direction
OF the board, and the interest that had beer
awakened by this means.
Mr.. a. A. Priest and Col j. L. Mead mad
remarks fully sustaining the testimony o
the preceding witncs es.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13

The Minnesota Legislature Is now
discussing a bill on the liquor ques-
ton which has the merit of novelty
about it at least. 1t provides for
licensing the drinker instead of the
seller, by declaring that permits to
purchase and drink liquors in the
licensed saloons shall be sold at So
each to persons who may prove to
the satisfaction Of tie municipal
authorities that they are only mod,
crate drinkers, and that no sales
shall be made to residents who dc
not have such permits; violations Of
this law by saloon keepers to be
punished by heavy fines.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
FROM EDEN.

Representative Stone of Eden said his town
adopted the town system three years ago.
There WAS an increase III the total attend NEE
from 1925 weeks last year under the district
system, to l5oS5 In the first year under the
town system. The aggregate cost for the
last yc + of the district system was $G17;
first year under the town system, $GG2. The
tax for the first year. when they built one
new school house and repaired the old ones,
was 40 per cent the second year IS per cent.
Under the old system some districts had paid
rs high as 100 and III per cent. More weeks
ofsGhool. better schools, permanent teachers,
schools in districts which had been without
schools under the old system, the allaying
of district quarrels had been some of the
beneficial results of three years experience.
To this recital we offer but one
addition, namely, the maintenance
at convenient point in a town of a
school of a higher grade than the
rest which shall be free to all the
children of the town who are suf-
ticiently advanced to profit by it, is
easily managed under the town sys-
TEN; as may be seen in Brighton,
Hinesburgh, Middletown, Waits
field and other towns where such a
higher school has already become a
part of the established system.
The body We represent, at its
annual meeting on the third day of
this month
ReSoLred, That this Association hereby
renews its declaration of faith in the town
system of schools as the best now offered to
the people of Vermont, and urge all friends
of education to unite in efforts to secure its
early adoption by the towns.
With our own strong personal
convictions Of the superiority of
the town system of schools, rein
forced by the concurring opinions
of our fellow teachers and by the
facts of experience partly recited
above, we come asking our fellow
citizens to consider we'll the duty of
the hour towards the children of the
towns in which they dwell, and that
they will not shrink from any effort
that promises to improve the edu-
cational facilities of our State.
For the Vermont State Teachers
Association.
M. II. BUCKHANl,
EDWARD CoNANT, Committee,
w. II. SANDERsoN,
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
III 0OO OOO "a Mfsrhfs GaGeH GwGy. send
WI H II II cents postage. and by
M III | II II | mail Y'u will get free II

YAOO WV pack ge OF goods of large
'lue. that VIII start ySu in worK that will
bring you in money faster than anything else
in America. Allabout the 500 OOo in presents
with each box. Agents wanted ,Veryw hcre,
OF either sex, OF all ages, for all the time. or
spare time only, to work for us Mt their own
homes. Fortunes for all workers absolutely
assured. Don't delay. II. uALLETT & Co,
Portland, Me,
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13

1ahulhg actIon. rs yet Tue pFesl-
dent himself has made no sign,
though it seems to lac regarded by
the public generally that, il Senators
Bayard and Garland will accept
portfolios, they will be offered them.
The political gossips are quite gen.
orally agreed in assigning Bayard
to the State department and Garland
TO the Attorney Generalship.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13

A curious case has just been de-
cided in New York. A family hav-
ing been poisoned by eating some
canned tomatoes, suit was brought
against the wholesale grocers whose
label was on the can. The defense
was made that the firm which was
sued did not can the goods and had
not sold them directly to the persons
injured. But the judge held that
the firm which had put its label on
the cans was liable, although it was
not the Gamer of the tomatoes and
did not sell them directly to the
plaintiff.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
ISLAND POND, FEBRUARY "a, 1885.
CaEDTT.

The question is sometimes raised
whether giving credit to the poor
be, on the whole, a benefit? or
svhether the evils do not exceed the
advantages of those who borrow?
Like most other practices introduced
into society, credit may be for good
OF for evil, according to the extent
1p which it is used. 1t may be abuS-
ed b. excess like food or pleasure.
In some conditions, the honest, the
industrious and the frugal may be
greatly benefited by credit. Their
means of wealth are thus increased /;
for without such aid they might
have plodded and struggled forever
and acquired no estate. Yet with
out prudence and great caution they
may make an improper use of their
good credit and obtain loans which
they are unable afterwards to return.
The best plans will sometimes fail,
and he who calculates on making
fifty per cent with loan of one or
two thousand dollars may lose by
his speculation. Many an homes
and frugal man las been ruined in
his estate by the facilities for Dor
rowing. In this, as in all things
else, moderation and prudence are
excellent guides.
20 a man fond of show, and with.
out habits of industry and economy,
the credit system is still more dan
gerous. So long as he can borrow
he will indulge in his expensive liv-
ing, aud in the parade of which he
is 50 fond. at first, he means to pay:
and that in few months, when his
rents and dues come in. But when
they Come in they are not enough
to meet the demands of his creditors
and he must borrow again. He can.
not think of retrenchment. His
mode Of living has become necessary
to his happiness and his standing III
society, and he finds it still neces.
sary to live on credit. He now
merely hopes to pay, for on calcula'
tion he cannot justly expect to do it
His expenses are greater than his
income,and the only way to keep Oh
in the style he has lived, is to obtain
more credit and loans. The system
TO such man and his family is full
of mischief. lie must soon fail; and
the longer it is off, the greater it
will be. In new country the credit
system may be beneficial to the en-,
terprising, the sober and the indus
trious. And it is happy for them,
perhaps, that such facilities are at.
forded them as to help them forward
more rapidly in life. But even they
will do well to remember that the
day of payment will soon arrive.
and that if they should be led into
extravaganza or idleness by the ex.
tension of credit to them, their con-
dition will soon be far less desirable
than that of poverty, with sobriety
and economy.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
TIE TOWN SYSTEM OF SCHOOLS.
The Vermont State Teachers rs oci-
alton to the People OfVermOnt

THE TOWN SYSTEM OF SCHOOLS.
The Vermont State Teachers rs Oci-
alton to the People OfVermOnt.
The Legislature of Vermont at its
recent session by act No. q, sec. !,
enacted the following: Each town
in which the school district system
exists shall at the annual meeting of
the town in 1885 and 1886 vote up
on the question of aboliShing the
district system and adopting the
town system.
Among the reasons why the action
required by this law should be enter
ed upon thoughtfully are these:
Careful Observers going from Vermont to
other states to study schools bring back the
report that Vermont is behind in her schools
AMI school system.
Intelligent people who come from other
states and look into our schools say, you are
behind IN your provision for the education of
your children.
Vermonters of all shades of opinion every
where say, "our schools accomplish far less
for our children than they ought to do with
! the expenditure we make for them"
In such state of things we are
called upon to express by direct
vote our choice relative to two
modes of controlling and support
ing our shcools. To one of them
we are all accustomed through long
use, the other though an older and
widely used system is less familia +
to us.
The town system may be describ-
ed briefly as a system by which the
people of the towns manage their
schools through agents chosen di-
rectly by themselves, and by which
they pay for their schools directly
with money drawn from the town
. treasury, This system was intro
duccd into Massachusetts, in 1647
, and it is now exclusively used in
Mass, Pennsylvania and Indiana, is
prevailingly used in several other
states, is increasingly used every
where, and is the system universally
favored by students of education,
because, at the same or less cost,
larger and better schools are fur
nished by it than by any other sys-
tenn known among us. This system
has been in operation in Vermont
long enough to test it, and is now
used for substance in nineteen towns
by more than thirty thousand peo-
pie, Let these testify to its merits.
Burlington adopted the town sys-
tenn as provision Of her city char
ter in 1867. She boasts of the best
schools in the state and has never
sought return to the district sys-
tenn. Vergennes has recently unit
ed her school districts and now as
a body conducts her schools in the
same number and places as before.
After ten years trial the people
of Waitsfeld sustained the town
system by vote of ITO to Al, the peo-
pie of Middletown sustained it by
a vote of 90 to %, and in Hines
burgh no vote for return was called
for. After five years trial in Brigh-
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1885-02-13
FROM BRIGHTON.

Senator IIoDson told the committee how
the system had worked in brighton, where
after a five years trial it had been rG-adoptcd
in full town meeting by nearly unanimous
vote, only two voting very fcebly in the neg.
alive, The tax under the new system had
been nearly the same as under the district
system, but they had done great deal more
with the money. Better schools, more weeks
of school, larger attendance, and Il new
school house in nearly every district, had
been provided with the money. Men that
originally opposed the system were now its
strongest friends. Distrust and dissatisfac-
ton arose originally among its opponents,
especially in the back districts, from few
that were not going to like the system, and
thought the village was going TO get some
advantage. After tI1nl the back districts had
foun that they were the ones whose condl-
ton had been most improved, and they de
mandod ana had their rights, having better
houses and bette. and longer terms O; school
ut less expense