davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

port of his commission. His course is
warmly approved by the Rev. Mr..
Sturgeon and large number of indi-
viduals prominent in the church, in pol
itics and the professions. The press
also largely commend the Gazette. The
Nervousness of the offences disclosed is
aggravated by the fact that the greatest
libertines are members of the nobility.
The Gazette has made its exposures in
the interest of unprotected humanity.
The good effect of its articles is already
apparent. The criminal laws will be
amended, or England's newly enfran-
chised voters will know why their
daughters are unguarded and why the
poor man can have no remedy for un-
speakable wrong and outrage. A mass
meeting of women was held in London
on Monday to consider ways and means
TO protect young girls from the pitfalls
of London. The meeting resolved that
the laws on the subject should be forth
with made more efficient; denounced
state regulation of vice; demanded that
the legal age be raised from thirteen to
eighteen, and that existing laws, enacted
ostensibly to protect the public, but
really to promote vice, be totally re-
pealed. The meeting also voted to
send copies of the record of its pro-
ceedings to the house of commons.
We trust the moral influence of this
movement will extend beyond London
and beyond England. We are not pre-
pared to believe that the evil exists in
this country to anything like the awful
extent disclosed by the Gazette. But it
exists and fourishes under cover of the
immunity from discussion and exposure,
derived from false delicacy and prud-
ish notions concerning matters of per-
sonal purity.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

prey to his own inexperience. The boy
who, for example, declaims the Ex-
ordium of Speech" from Webster, or
thunders out the Defence of Massa-
chusetts," or in rapt periods pleads for
d" Liberty and Union" probably gets a
very inadequate conception of the real
power of Webster and what constitutes
greatness in courts and senates. The
youthful Boanerges is likely to con-
ceive that the entire speech in the ar
gument for the conviction of Knapp
was like the exordium -; that the his
toric reply to Hayne was made up of
such high-wrought oratory as the mis-
leading samples given in the text
books. The impassive instructor prob
ably neglects to explain that the exor-
dunn was but dramatic incident,
Incompatible in its way, addressed for
effect to the jury; that the real test of
Webster's ability as an advocate was
his merciless dissection of the evidence
in the case, the force and conclusive
ness of his reasoning, the unerring pre-
cision with which, without rhetorical
garniture, he pointed every circum-
stance straight toward the guilty man.
He neglects, no doubt, to show the ar
dent youth that the crushing force of
the reply to Hayne was not in the brill
liant bursts of oratory which gave to the
effort grandeur and scenic effect, but in
the remorseless undermining and up
setting of the dashing Carolinian's po-
sitions and statements by irrefutable CT
tations from general and the national
political history, by the clearness and
vigor of his logic. So the lad is likely
to get, as many lad has gotten, the
impression that rhetorical effect, rather
than cold facts and unimpassioned rea-
soning, wins at the bar and in legisla-
lures. He acquires stilted and I'M
natural style of address, which may be
the despair of admiring school-fellows
on commencement day, but the judi
cious elders grieve and foretell the sure
time when the eaglet's wings will be
clipped. A few words of explanation
and suggestion, addressed by the watch.
full instructor to the youth in the per.
Torrance of his rhetorical exercises,
would be a genuine service to him
start him Alright on his career and pos.
sibly save the country, in after days
many speech for Buncombe." In q
nation in which free speech is a cardi
nal principle, instruction in the meth
DDS and substance of speech cannot
begin too early. 1t should be persist
emily and Systematically taught al
school-the practice regulated by intel
ligence and guided by understanding.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

BY order of the president, General
Sheridan has gone to the scene of the
Indian disturbances in Indian Terri
tory, to direct those in command as to
the steps to be taken to avert war or
depredations and as to the disposition
of troops. He is also instructed to in
quire into the causes of the discomfort
among the Cheyennes, and to assure
them of the determination of the gov
eminent both to enforce order and to
remedy any wrongs that may exist.
Secretary Lamar has recommended to
the president vigorous measures in re-
gard to the illegal occupation of the
Indian lands by the cattle-grazing COM
panies. He wants them all driven off,
their fences leveled and the Indians
let alone. Great alarm exists among
the settlers on the borders of the terri
tory. 1t is believed, however, that war
with the Indians will be averted.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

THE clouds have again broken away
from Mt. McGregor, and some cheering
rays of sunlight come from the suffering
commanders chamber. On Saturday
he was depressed and listless, the re-
ports say, and his voice husky, rafting
whisper. Sunday he conversed orally
with clear voice. He was bright and
cheerful and his remarks to those about
him were frequently in a humorous
vein. These sharp revulsions, the
doctors say, are of themselves evidences
of cancer. The medical summary at
the end of the first month on the
mountain is not disheartening. The
only discomfort now mentionable is
that which has its seat in the main sore
at the base of the tongue. The patient
is now able to close his lips and breathe
through the nasal passages. The in
terror of the throat looks clearer and in
the three days past has scarcely re-
quired professional treatment or atten-
ton. Thus the fifth week on the
mountain is begun with an apparent
improvement of all symptoms as against
those that existed at the time of leaving
New York.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

WE were disposed to hope and be-
lieve that the much-tried Dolphin would
stand the tests to which she has been
subjected, and would be found to be all
that was sought in the idea of the YES
sci and in the contract for her construc-
ton. In the course Secretary Whitney
has taken since the question of the ac-
ceptance of the ship came up it seems
plain that he has been actuated by a
praiseworthy regard for the govern
ment's rights and interests. If the
vessel does not come up to the plain
letter and spirit of the contract for her
construction, he has no right to accept
it, and the contractor has no right to the
money that has been paid him before
the quality of his work was proved. If
all these claims about the deficiency of
the Dolphin are plain and indisputable
facts, unmixed by partisan political
bias, the secretary has been pursuing
ordinary business methods, in his deal
ings with Mr.. Roach, and deserves COM
mendation for his vigilance and faith
fulness.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15
Notes and Notions.

Boston RECORD: "The ex-postmas-
ter of Hazlehurst, who justifies the
Meady-evil ways of Mississippi politics,
does not take kindly to the president,
who ordered his suspension, notwith-
standing his services to the democratic
party. He doubtless agrees with Sena-
tor Hoar that he should have had his
reward, or that the president should
resign"
THE Charleston Ne,os and Courier,
commenting on President Cleveland's
clever rebuke to the Tammany chiefs,
remarks: They did not make much
out of the president on that round.
The people of the United States who
care nothing for parties or politics, ex-
cept so far as they strengthen the
foundations of liberty and ensure wise,
just and economical government, clap
their hands as they read the presidents
declaration, and devoutly cry, Amenw
THE OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES: "The
difference as regards civil service be-
tween a change of administration in
England and in this country is in most
decided contrast, and might prove very
instructive. In all the comment and
discussion accompanying the change of
government in England, not one word
is heard about changes in the civil
service, and, as matter of fact, with
the exception of very small number
of men closely connected with the
ministry, no changes are made. The
difference between this and the Ameri-
can way needs not to be pointed out.
And yet it is not very long since the
English civil service was far worse
than it ever was in this country"
BALTIMORE AMERICAN: Here is a
new anecdote of Webster. 1t was told
by the late Colonel Munford, who was
at one time secretary of the Virginia
commonwealth, and it has never been
published. Colonel Munford was in
his office at the state-house, one day,
when MISUNDERSTANDING man, ac-
companied by young lady, came in
and asked if they could see the legisla-
tive chambers. Colonel Munford al
once recognized, from portraits that he
had seen, the face of Webster, and
wishing to see as much of the great
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

THE season is forging on toward dog
days, the president and cabinet find
time to go on iunketing-we crave par
don-to take needed rest" on hunting
and fishing excursions, official Wash
ingtOn is preparing for its summer va
cation, and still the bosom which was
to sweep every republican from office
by July LIST is languidly handled at best,
and late reports say it has been re-
turned, for awhile at least, to it's place
behind the executive door. The Wash
ington Star has the following concern
ing appointments:
The president has called halt. A little
over a week ago the order went out to all
the departments that all dismissals and ap-
pointments to fill places not vacant must
stop at once. A week ago a stop was put to
all the work in the appointment division of
the treasury department, and the appoint
ment clerk was told that no more commits
sions were to be made out, or papers consid-
cred, until further orders, and lot of changes
that were contemplated by him were killed
in their inception. Commissioner of Pen
sions Black was sent for personally by the
president, and was given to understand that
the offensive partisanship cry had been too
indefinite in its meaning and that no more
changes in his Office were to be made until
there was thorough understanding on the
subject on the part of the president. The
result was that orders for a number OF
changes in the pension office were counter.
manded, and everything put at a standstill
The president, it is understood, then had an
understanding with the heads of the post
office and other departments, declaring his
policy to be to stand by the civil service re.
form declarations in his letter to Curtis and
his address on the 4th of March. Removal
for cause he held to mean that, and not re-
moval with excuses. The result is that the
ak has been stuck in the block for the past
week and is still there. How far the thing
is to go can be merely surmised, but it is be
lieved that the president is decidedly IN
earnest and does not intend that his declara
tons shall be ignored
The "jubilee " delays its promised
coming in Vermont. Mr.. Atkins has
gone again to Washington to give i
another jog, but if the statement of thu
Star has a basis of fact, lamentations
rather than p@ans may swell on thu
summer breezes among the Greer
Mountains.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

SOME of the newspapers, comment
ing upon the change about to be made
in the proprietorship of THE WATCH
MAN, are saying that the paper has lost
money under its present management.
There is absolutely no ground for such
statements. The course of the paper
has so far commended itself to the APP
proval of the people that its subscrip-
ton list has generally retained its old
names and received steadily increasing
accessions of new subscribers from the
sturdy men of Vermont. 1t has pros
pered financially during the past three
years, and its prospects were never
brighter under the present management
than at the time the recent contract to
sell was made.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

THE Ne,c York Times gives the
following summary of what has been
done in France and Austria in promot-
ing industrial training: SIN Paris
sixty-fve evening art schools are sup
ported by the municipality alone, be-
sides the numerous schools carried on
by religious orders, workingmen's So
cieties and private enterprise. In con-
sequence of this, almost every workman
in France is good draughtsman. In
addition to this, evening lectures or
cours on almost every subject of in
terest in art, science and literature af-
ford gratuitous instruction to the work
men. The crowded schools of draw
ing, modelling, wood-carving and paint
ing, furnished with the best models
and casts, and under the charge of
teachers full of enthusiasm for the
work, give an impetus to those trades
and manufactures which are closely
connected with art which is without a
parallel. In Austria, which ranks next
to France in industrial advance, eighty
four trade schools are already estab-
lished, which may be classed under the
following heads: First, schools for
weaving; second, wood and iron trades
bird, ceramics and glass trades; fourth,
metal industries: and. fifth. TOYS and va
rious small industries. The latter class
of industries are principally confined to
the mountainous districts of the Tyrol.
1t will be seen that weaving schools take
the first rank in Austria, as this is an in
dustry which employs vast number
of work-people of both sexes. There
are in Austria alone twenty-five weav-
ing schools. The local needs and re-
sources of different localities in most
cases determine the character of the
school. Thus, the first trade school
established in Germany was for the
manufacture of metal work in the col
liery district of Westphalia, and owed
its origin to the want felt by the man.
ufacturers for trained labor. 1t in
cludes a three years course, and the
pupils are trained as designers, model
ers, wood-carvers, founders, turner's,
engine-fitters, engravers, gilders and
etchers."
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

THE Pail Mall Gazette, London, has
created the widest excitement in Eng
land by the exposures it has been max
ing of the widespread and shockingly
criminal immoralities in the capital
of the British empire. The Gazette,
through private and special commits
sion, has been investigating this matter
in the dens and brothels of the Modern
Babylon, as it stigmatizes London. 1t
has turned ON the light in floods of in
disputable testimony, and those who
have read have been shown horrors
that blanch the cheeks of the innocent
and unsuspecting. The Gazette says:
The story of this pilgrimage into a
real hell is not pleasant reading. 1t is
not meant to be. 1t is, however, a rec
ord of unimpeachable facts, utterly
abominable, but true, and their publ
cation is necessary" The horrible
evils disclosed have been encouraged
by the lax laws of England. Laws en-
bodying the policy which has prevailed
in these British statutes have been adj
vocated in this country by reformers OF
a certain stripe, and some municipalities
have tried the experiment OF licensing
vice. A criminal law amendment bill
has been pending before parliament
The threatened abandonment of thi
measure decided the editor of the Ga
rette in his purpose to publish the re
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

Nor exactly with one accord, but one
after another, the gentlemen who have
been accused of being candidates for
the senatorship against Mr.. Edmunds
have been making stout denials. Judge
Poland was caught in Montpelier by
the Boston Record reporter, last week,
and denied emphatically the report that
he was intending to oppose Senator
Edmunds. Referring to the newspaper
report, he said: What fool started that?
The whole thing is so ridiculously alb
surd that have thought denial un-
called for" The judge declined to say
anything further on the subject at pres
ent, and closed with the following sig
nifcant remark: A" But / shall have
something further to say later, and it
will be something sharp, too. Under
stand / am entirely out of politics now.
/ shall say just what l please, and l
don't care copper for the result. No,
nothing further now; shall put it in
writing" The people will be anxious
to hear what the venerable judge has
to say. There is an impression that il
will make what the late Horace Greeley
used to call +" mighty interesting read
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15
Cheap Postage.

In connection with notice of the
new postal law that went into opera
ton July LIST, the Independent reviews
the progress of the government toward
cheap postage. 1t says: "The gov
eminent has been steadily, and rather
too slowly, moving in this direction
ever since 1916, especially in reference
to the postal rates on letters. A man
can now send for two cents letter from
New York to San Francisco that, prior
to 1915, would have cost not less than
fifty cents if sent the same distance.
The discoveries of the government
since that period are that the rate
should be uniform, no matter what
may be the distance over which the let
tiers are sent; that two cents should be
the single-rate postage for letters; that
the unit of weight for letters should be
one ounce; and that the rate on news
papers sent to subscribers from the
place of publication should be reduced
to one cent pound. 1t has taken the
government about forty years to make
these discoveries and put them into
practice. The general experience of
the government in proceeding, step by
step, to this result has been that,
while there has been at first loss of
postal revenue in cheapening our pos
taJ tap frn,,, n TINA q
pared with the expenses of the system,
this loss has been speedily made up,
and more than made up, by the result
ing increase of business, without any
thing like prOportionate increase in
the cost of doing the business. This
has been the uniform rule concerning
every change in the direction of cheaper
postage. The people have given the
government more business to do through
the mail by sending more letters and
more newspapers, and this increase of
business has not involved correspond
ing increase in the cost of doing the
business. After the reduction made in
| 1851 there was loss of revenue, but
this loss was almost wholly recovered
in three years by increased business,
and in six years the revenue was
twenty-five per cent more than before
the reduction. The recent change from
the three-cent to the two-cent rate on
letters has been followed by large in
crease in the number of letters sent
through the mail, and this increase will
in comparatively short time, more
than make up for any immediate loss
of revenue. The question of reduction
has been tried long enough to know be-
forehand what is to be the practical re-
suit. We do not think that the govern
ment has yet reached the true point il
regard to letter postage. We believe
that the time will come, and that, too
at no distant day, when congress, in re
Spouse to the demands of public senti
ment, will reduce the rate to one cen
for all letters not above the unit o
weight over all distances in the United
States. We have no doubt that, as
mere business operation, the govern
ment can do this, and that ultimately
if not at first, the cost of transportin!
letters would, at the one-cent rate, b.
fully met. There is no reason why let
/ tiers should be taxed to help pay tn
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15

cost of transporting other mail matter.
Let every tub, in this respect, stand
on its own bottom. If a man wants to
send a heavy package by the mail, let
him pay the cost, and let not part of
that cost be charged in letter postage.
Acting upon this rule, the government
could well afford to carry letters at the
one-cent rate, and ultimately will do So"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-15
General Grants Book.

The following is published as the
preface to General Grants forthcoming
Memoirs. 1t is dated at Mt. McGregor
and signed by General Grant: "' Man
proposes and God disposes.' There
are but few important events in the
affairs of men brought about by their
own choice. Although frequently urged
by friends to write my Memoirs, / had
determined never to do so, nor to write
anything for publication. AT the age
of nearly sixty-two 1 received an injury
from fall which confined me closely
to the house, while it did not appar-
emily affect my general health. Shortly
after, the rascality of business partner
developed itself by the announcement
of failure. This was followed soon
after by universal depression of all Sc
curities, which seemed to threaten the
extinction of a good part of the income
still retained and for which / am in
debted to the kindly acts of friends. At
this juncture the editor of the Century
magazine asked me to write few arti-
cles for him. l consented for the money
it gave me, for at that moment 1 was
living upon borrowed money. The
work 1 found congenial, and 1 deter
mined to continue. The event is an
important one for me, for good or evil.
l hope for the former. In preparing
these volumes for the public have en-
tered upon the task with the sincere de-
sire to avoid doing injustice to any one,
whether on the national or confederate
side, other than the unavoidable injus-
tice of not making mention often where
special mention is due. There must be
many errors of omission in this work,
because the subject is too large to be
treated of in two volumes in such way
as to do justice to all the officers and
men engaged. There were thousands
of instances during the rebellion of in
dividual, company, regimental and brig
ade deeds of heroism which deserve
special mention and are not here al
luded to. The troops engaged in them
will have to look to the detailed reports
of their individual commanders for the
full history of those deeds. The first
volume, as well as portion of the Sec
ond, was written before had reason to
suppose / was in critical condition of
health. Later l was reduced almost to
the point of death, and it became i'm
possible for me to attend to anything
for weeks. 1 have, however, regained
somewhat of my strength, and l am
able often to devote as many hours q
day as a person should devote to such
work. l would have more hope OF
satisfying the expectations of the pub
lie if l could have allowed myself
more time. 1 have used my best
efforts, with the aid of my eld
est son, F. d. Grant, assisted by hi:
brothers, to verify from the record:
every statement of fact given. The
comments are my own, and show how
l saw matters treated of, whether other:
saw them in the same light or not
With these remarks l present these
volumes to the public, asking no favor
but hoping they will meet the approva
of the reader"