Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1885-12-10
THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
The Secretary Of the Interior """e
Report. which is Of Peculiar
NorthNestern People.

than the usual interest is manifested IN wna'
Secretary Lamar would say on the ihut
the public land, the pension anu kihu'.e
questions After summarizing the repol'S
as 10 the condition OF the se'et"'
ndian tribes, the secretary taxes up 'ho
n,ostion NJ indian schools There are no"
eiohry-sfx dav schools, with an average at
tendance of lS49. eighty-tour boaroihg
schools with an average attendance VI
4 OGG. seven industrial and training SCHOOLS
with 1925 pupils: and twenty-three con.
tract schools, with 700 pupils The amoun'
OF cost Of all the schools Is So'''-'o
the general policy OF educating Inc in'
and ON other questions relating 10 'H' wa
fare of the Indians, the report says
The schools established hy the Indians IN tno
territories Of the five Cvl Eed tribes sno'u ~
rI,,siva prnof of their cauacity TO educate nun
rn1ldren up 50 the requirements OF an -, ~. 80
civ hzltion. This home education lhcluH'H -. - =
in,rtas for pupils Of the higher irade' "her.
~, rnreiye a liberal academic course W
instruction, and u common sch"vl $500 NJ ~
which the children are taught IN" run htut' "
inc Englsh course. Many OF the teachers "S
Tndi,ns some of whom are graduates OF our
besf colleges. The srminaries are all DoatuIht
SCHOOLS. and are provided win ne
arrangements for the purpose II o "I,u
live I'M them. and are trained In domestic "u,les
,ud taugbt me habi = uf civilized peopI,. Inc
Oh Ell diftculty Is gaining the consent OF indlau
PARENTS 10 have their children educated IN ~
r. - schools In their fear that they VIII o.
-, 10 To uerfOrm mental labor for whlto
people. The feeling would not eAEs
IL their children were TO be educated among 'h,
naoi 10 OF a kinlred race, where no feeilnR OF
r,as yyn,ld daures4 them or excite their race
ayarsious. The iastitgtiCn OF the system IN tue
Indian Territory would bring the wna lhuhhn'
ints friendly contact with those whc are Wv
Ized. and would induce them TO accept tuo
c,prse that has so greatly benefited the hVe CIV
rHE SECRETARY RECOMMENDS.
I therefore recommend that authority ne glV'u
under which the proper department, TO be des-
irnated by congress-, can arrange Win any OF
the Ave civilized tribes for the education OF the
Indians of the Western reservation In the lndian
],0uutrv. and that a sum Of money be appr"Iri,-
atal to gIye the tfOrt a fdlr tral.
The policy of allowing the indians to
lease Their lands for grazing purposes does nov
seem to have been announced until hptl -
1854 l.. however, appears that as early as jan
:. 1883. the Chcyeuna and Arapah1e lndlahS
had entered into such with seven IN
diyidualS for tue exclusive use ana occupation
Of az mauy dis met tracts In the reservation. l
fonnd upon assuming charge Of this depart
meut. that not only the large tracts ol
tho Cheyenne and Arapahoe reservations
si1n Of the cattlemen. but that
other Indian tribes, lOcSteh within the indian
Territory, had entered into similar arrangements
with individuals and associations OF l~ndlV!dutIS,
Whereby they were granted the exclusive
nriyiIege under pretended leases, TO oc-
cupy large tracts OF the reservation OF
the various tribes, and to hold their
herds thereon for grazing purposes. These
alleged leases were made 70 cover periods
Of fye or ten years at yearly rentals varying IN
rates from I 3 to & conls per acre. The ruIing
rat appears, how ever, to be above two cents Ell
acre. From all the facts developed on the sab
iect, am convinced that the soststance rem
dered bv the respective Indian agents in tho
making Of these alleged lease were directed moro
1yf IVA, interest of the CattlpmpN. than tEAf
OF the indians placed under their care aud
supervision, And IN many instances they have
shared in the profits OF these speculative trlns-
ters. The alleged leases being held 10 be with
Du, warrant Of law, and as their existence ~ on
he cheyenne and Apache reservation had
been found to the main cause Of
president, after full consideration Of the
matter. declared them void and no efeC', and
determined that all UNAUTHORIZED persons upon
that reservation. including the cattlemen, with
their herds OF cattle, should remove therefrOm,
end he accordingly issued his proclamation on
July %, 1855, to that effect. ! now have the
satisfaction 10 state that the reservation is en-
tirely free from C%attlemen aud their herds.
TIE BEST AND WISEST COURSE
The question as TO what is the best and wisest
course to pursue relative 70 these surplus lands
In the Indian reservation not required for the
present wants Of the Indians is one demanding
careful and serious consideration. Ir 1t shall b8
, determined that for the present IL l. for tho
interest OF the Indians that the reservations
shall be held intact, that the land should he used
Tor grazing purposes, and that white men with
their herds Of cattle shall be permitted 10 OCCUPY
large trac 5 OF these reservations, a law should
re enacted for that purpose, clear and cOmple-
heGslvc, trlIg defining the power aud duties OF
this department in the matter; II, however. IL
shall be decided that the welfare Of the Indians,
Gslwel. rs t<s public interests, will best be served
by opening The surplus lands OF these rezcrya-
lions 10 public settlement. Il should be
done in good faith, under the general land laws
Of the United States. With my convictions
ran not recommend EuCn lpvislartpp L. d, L.,
direct contsnyeniion Of the policy Of keeping the
Indian reservations free from the settlements of
white men; the policy WATCH, in my opinion,
should be more rigidly enforced. The
secretary estimates that the Indian sefytca
has cost the government an average of $3.50
b29 per year, from the year 1882 TO the present
All the exp nditures of money, effort a. d ryan
Izatlon is Tor the control, protection and man
sge1ent Of 2O0.oOn men, women and children.
p pns aa aeSI2t 1 To be H ses6m Is the puri
have not been long enough IN
this Cliice to become 20 thoroughly
acquainted with the characteristics customs,
haiitS aud wants OF the Indians as TO feel my
self competent to propose any general plan,
FOR A SOLID FOUNDATION.
mere are, however, some measures which l
Indian civil zation. l recommend thai a por-
ion of every reservation be divided up
INTO .Gr separate tracts Of suitable sig,
- NV tHAdLts ITO
Vision shall be made AGAINST the power limit
ifter a time limited OF Sc Hing or mortgagins
me same, or even leasing it to any but IDiians
living WI hin the same reservation. favor thu
I0ICy recommended by nv uredeces sOr In this
o%tfla., Secretary Il rkwOOd, OF reducing TO propei
~" the existing reservations. when entir ely out
81 proportion to the number Of Indians
.ueTGNn, with the consent Of the Indians.
ANA upon just and fair terms; and, second. of
FlaCtuG bv patent the titles to these diminished
reservations aS fully under tue protection OF the
court 4 a = arc Flflna ~ all 4 huRa - --- 49,. =
lhelr Iands The surplus portion cut of would
be uhJ"ct to sale, and the proceeds invested for
nc benefit OF the Indians. In noticing the presi-
dent s action In the matter OF the WinnebaRo
and Crow Creek reservations in Dakota. the spc-
r.tary cnnceS that MANY Of the settlers went on
the reservation in good faith, and adds: Tho
ease requires legislation. In regard 10
ne oklohoms lands the secretary
IavoTs the law passed by the last con.
Eres> aud saws: The unlawful combinations
above referred TO have rendered il, In INV ind.
ueht' uA"lsc to appoint this commission. That
"NiCh gives SECURITY 20 !i!n AID pFv.rtty in
the sDhtt Of the law, Nothing is moro dan
gerOus, more fatal to rights OF property and
PERSONAL safety and public order than a spirit
OF la"lessne.s. The manifestations OF the latter
ranger should be checked at all times, until
the rule OF law becomes the daily
Mr. Lamar closes his noteworthy ranort
with a recommendation to increase the powers
OIL bureaus Of education. He says: IF the
bureau Is to be confined within its present in.
N'Obt, anu vet DE regar led as a rem
resentatIve Of he nations Thought and action
on me general subject OF education, IN OF the
oplnl2h that 1t should never have beer
e,!auitshcd, and ought to be abolisbed
II the various commissions, bureaus and
DIVISIONS OF the executive department AT
W 7hington, which have for their object tbs
prosecution OF scientific research could be com.
hlned as integral parts of one scientific institu.
thh, snch an institution would be of
greater proportions and moro comprehensiv.
tian any other in the world, and shonld
a university be erected with a superstructure
commensurate with the foundation II wouid hs
without u r1yal in any country, and whetbe,
through a national university or ID fragnlentarv
ihstltutlons in the several states, sooner on
laE I, a higher Observation-Disclosures than the com
mon school or the academy or the college can
furnish - viii alone realize and express IN
higher aspirations of American democracy.
\ Telegram iTora Toledo, Ohio, saws that
ueorSe \, Ellwood, Who was arrested in
Ne" York in August last, charsed with
Oufgiarizing tho residence Of L, s, Baum.
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