The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1885-05-27

II MAY nt oAlu III CENTRAL lLhl cane Juice con-
siss of about 81 per cent of water Is per cent OF
sugar O6 per cent of organic matter and on of in
organic (mlneral) and further that about 0.5 to
06 per cent Of the sugar in the juice of ripe canes
more in unripe ones, Is uncrystalzable." Z. So.
| The analyses given above shows a much smaller
proportion OF inyert or Understandable sugar than
the quotation gives, and | am told that some of
the LIST sugars analysed as high as SIS which is
extraordinary for a raw, unretned sugar.
The dHitsi0H method probably extracts more of
the sugar from the cane than any other method
but it requires. l am told. continuous day and
night work, and requiring ton of water for every
ton of cane makes the item of fuel very expensive.
by Governor Warmouth's statement the shredder
has done good service, but with good two roll
mill, of slow motion, with without the the ap-
plcatiOn Of hot water, with its solvent power, it
seems hardly needful, while it adds to the cum
brousness of the machinery.
Upon the whole, 1t seems to me that the three,
and the two roll mills with the double or triple
effect and mdcsrdtioH will better meet our wants at
present than any other method of which am in
formed.
Much has been said and written about the
great yield of sugar obtained in the Hawaiian
Islands. They fertile and the soil well adapted
to the production of cane, but erroneous ideas are
entertained on this subject, derived doubt from
the publication of the extraordinary yields in ex-
traordinary cases, whereas the lighter and more
common Yields are not often spoken of. Planta-
tions depending on the rain, suffer some seasons
from drought, and perhaps most years 10 some
extent. The crops of the irrigated plantations
are more uniform than the crops of those pIanta-
tons depending upon the rain for their supply of
moisture, but these also suffer III long seasons of
general droJght as the supply Is diminished from
the fountain head. From records before me of
different plantations, irrigated and unirrigated
some of them extending through a series of
several years, find that crop of one half to one
fourth of ratOOns and three fOurths to one half
of plant cane yielding an average of , to tons
per acre is q good crop. There are cases of at
least on large field averaging one or tons and the
whole crop IN this case was irrigated and averaged
over tons per acre IN another case over 8 tons
of sugar from plant cane was grown to the acre
upon 10 acres of unirrigated land in 1873. At
present prices 1t requires large crop to pay the
unavoidable expenses Of carrying on plantation in
the most economical manner and any Improvement
increasing the income without a corresponding
increase of expense will be welcomed by every
citizen, for 1t will help to save from wreck that
industry 50 vital to the prosperity Of the country
10 illustrate the saving from the triple effect
VIII quote from the work before uamed-"by
some actual figures obtained on two similar estates
with sugar and syrup of identical quality and
value and under equally able management. On
the estate using open batteries and Il single
vacuum pan the labor negro WIS follows: II
hands at centrlfugalS, - ut batteries at vacuum
pan and engine, collecting fuel, at steam boiler,
total, IS working Is hours a day=IOl4 hours of
labor.
The second used juice heater defeating and
subsidIng tanks, a triple effect and 4 vacuum pan
and employed the following labor: l. hands at
CtLtLlluAdlSr = AZ triple erect At vacuum.
collecting fuel, at steam boiler, en- ineers at
defecators, , at scum tanks, at syrup tanks, at
molasses tanks, total, 10, working ID hours a
day=5O hours of labor Each factory turned out
Is tons of LIST and 2nd sugars per diem"
This shows a saving of Is hands and over one
half IN the hours of labor, sse page 3TI and that
without noting the saving of fuel BY substituting
the effect for the open train.
Ii Is probable that the trash would not aIvays
be sufficient for fuel-although 1t was found so at
Malakea as long as the grinding vas continuous
every day but in some conditions the trash has
more consistency than in others. The trash alone
furnished fuel for taking of the cSop Of Kohala
plantation IL 1881. The trash houses were filed
by the trash from 500 CHARTERS of Juice
This year 1t takes the trash from 90
clariners to NIL the houses, and the trash fuel has
to be supplemented by coal or wood, but even with
the liability to require some additional fuel as
before said, the double or triple effect the 2ud
two roll mill and maceration-seems a great i'm
proyement over our present methods. and the
most feasible one for us-Ihe author before
quoted says, plge us, 1T seems to be an uude-
cided point whether the saturatiOu or the extra
crushing should be credited with the increased
yield OF Juice. Probably both assist, but it has
been raised from 90 to 70 per cent by Brrosslg sic
fHg the canes iagitHiiRHigwith the application
OF hot water" By the ordinary use Of the roll
mill, without shreddlng or slicnc the cane. have
neard no claim of increase of juice beyond 10 per
cent without the application of hot water but
our author claims 1866. Mr. Young in the Plant
eTs Monthly II his record makes the increase
from md mill and maceratiOu to be 1881 per cent
Allowing 10 per cent to be added due to the second
mill there remains about per cent to be credited
to the maceration- And if as at waiakea. There
Is abundance of trash fuel to do all the work.
then the per cent Is richly worth saving If the
trash Is found insufficient for fuel thenit becomes
matter OF calculation whether the per cent
S.Iyed viii anything more than repay the cost of
the fuel required 10 eyaporate the water added in
the maceratiOn.
1t would not be a difficult question TO solve. 1sc
frafA too
Tlal gallon of water weighing 10 pounds l S5-lO0
lbs OF diy trust IN evaporating capacity are equal
to 10 coal or about one half, and dry trash Is
about - per cent of the weight of green trash
from the roll mill, and 81 per cent from Inc
roll mill, II cured at once before chemical action
ensues, destroying the remaining sugar which If
dried adds 70 the weight and effectiveness of the
fuel To illustrate the variable quality of trash
from the same plantation IN different years at DIFF
terent times In 1873 kohala plantation had 4
trsG houses each 200 feet long By q feet wide and
divided INTO ~ Fooms- I've Of these we're full al.
the commencement OF taking OF the crop of over
lao tons When through three of the four. and
seventeen rOOms Of the fourth were full showing
that an increase Of about 20 per cent in QUANTITY
besides the whole Of the fuel used for the crop
anu Nj Williams sIys, I'VE Do not use one
pound Of coal or burn one stick of wood =
lhere were - acres Of plant cane and Ia acres
q ratoons. Trash only was used for the crop of
Iost oil I.otg tons, but this year, the cane seems
softer, and the trash from the same number Of
elarhers of Juice, Is only two thirds Of what vas
the last year, as Mr.. Chaplin Informs Us. and he
has had 70 burn coal in part. The last years crop
consisted OF - acres Of plant cane and 2f5 Of rat
oois BY these examples we see that the trash
may be ample for plantation needs at one time and
not 50 at another, but presume the quantitv will
Usually De found sufficient if the heat Is ecoun-
mizsd IN the best manner
Yours truly. SN CtsrrE
r ) May I'd. Since writing the above have
received from PapaikOl plantation the folIovino
te5 Of the crushing and extracting capacity Of the
mill rolls Slx6o: 1000 pounds Of cane crefuIiv
weighed and ground directl and the trash carefnIi
weighed at once produced, Of the latter SIS ~
only=3.4 of trash and leaving the unusual aroort
OF I6to percent Of juice the weight Of he cine
halakea claims y per cent, and the AUTHORITY
winch have quoted, for the new and imprtrvs,i
machinery claims g per cent. The experinieufer
AZ FapalkOu says -the cane vas fair and I0ng
loInted- and not woody, and Trash not dried
Residents at the upper end Of Emma street were
Startled, On the morning Of the 18th inst BY the
loud report Of. pistol, fired within the DWELLING
q Ben johnson Ignacio a Portuguese suuer
chant, followed By the stTtams Of a woman A
lev moments afterward tie excitement Of onlosk-
ers was further added to BY the appearances Of 4
man p lie r-,.-r, \