Daily Yellowstone journal. [volume] (Miles City, Mont.) 1882-1893, 1885-07-28
TECHNICAL SCHOOLS.
THE KNOWLEDGE WHICH ENABLES
ONE TO EARN BREAD.
An Investigating Committee Looking
After the Theory and Practice Of In
dustrial school, on the Conti-
nent-Examples of Note.

lSarah K Bolton In The Congrsgatioaalistl
No person visits England without being
deeply interested in her schools for tech.
nical or industrial education. This is com.
paratively new matter with her. At her
great exposition in London, in 1881,
largely the result OF Prince Albert's fore.
sight and energy, England led the world
In textile fairies, and doubtless in
machinery Eleven years later, at a second
worlds fair in London, she discovered
that the outside world was making great
progress, aud at the exposition In Earis 10
1857 she found herself outdone by French
and German looms and by the iron and
steel industries Of Belgium aud Herlin.
AT once she sent an investigating COM
mittee 10 the continent, who found tech
nical schools at every large industrial cen.
ter. supported 10y state or city. There
every boy or girl could learn the theory,
or the practice. or both. of the trade or
profession to be followed for livelihood
Paris had nearly 100 free art schou,s for
adults, most of the pupils being working.
men. The College de France and the
Conseryatuire DIES Arts ct Meters were
thronged by workingmen and women.
eager to hear the free lectures in social
and physical science. biology, mathe-
mates and languages \ large amount
of money was given for workshops in
connection with primary schools. The
committee found another admirable thing
viz That in French schools of every
grade corporal punishment is absolutely
unknown.
Since 1867 Paris herself has made great
studies in industrial education. In the
primary school Of the .ue Tournefort, the
children begin to learn drawing, carving,
joiners or smiths work, from their 9th
year. The school hours are from to 8;
In the higher classes the work in the shops
consume eighteen hours per week. On
leaving school the pupils can earn 81 a
week. Twenty-Five primary schools have
workshops attached. aud twenty two
others are 10 pr paration for combining
mental and manual instruction. The lat.
ter IS usually optional, given before and
after school hours
Several OF the municipalities of France
have established free public apprentice.
ship schools. where children, after leav.
ing the primaries, can receiyl practical
instruction Ia the trades for three years,
besides advancement in other branches
In the summer they visit industrial estab-
lishments and give descriptions of them in
writing. At the beginning of the second
year Of the course they select their trade.
They enter school at a IN. and leave at
2 \. m, six hours In workshop and four
in school, with two for dinner and recre.
alton, usually in gymnasium. On leav.
ing. the pupils can earn from 81 to 81. so
per day. ar.s has found that money
spent to make men and women self sup.
porting is safeguard against crime. As
the trades will not usually receive young
learners. iaris has solved the matter by
her excellent apprenticeship schools.
The trouble in our own country has
been that our technical schools. provided
through private gifts generally. are not
free, and, therefore, cannot reach those
most needing assistance The stale must
eventually take the matter In hand, Civ
ing us not only free schools, but free
books and free opportunities TO learn how
10 earn liy ng England ascertained all
these facts aud more in Germany and
Switzerland, and prOtted by them In
1874 she established Yorkshire college at
Leeds, with classes in mathematics, Ian.
guages, chemistry, geology, engineering,
coal mining. weaving dyeing etc. with
evening schools and popular lectures for
the peoDle, at the low price Of cents
each. Weaving schools were begun at
Huddersfield and Glasgow. and me
cbanics institutes were opened In various
parts OF the country.
was fortunate Ii b ing present al the
grand opening Of Bradford technical
school, Juue %, 1882. Bradford is the
center Of the wooden trade. and. with q
population OF little over 200 900. pay
An income tax on S45, 600, 000 The prince
and princess Of Wales had come from
London by special Pullman train. Houses
were decorated with banners, and trium.
phal arches spanned the roadway. At the
station the platform was draped with
crimson cloth, surmounted by beautiful
canopy Of flowers The procession Of
lord mayors members Of parliament. trade
societies, cavalry, artillery. aud in.
fantry made an imposing pa cant The
prince opened the door Of the elegant
school building, Italian in style, with
great central tower. with a key Of gold
and silver nearly foot long. bearing hi:
arms and the words. Labor omnia vincit
Various guilds contributed largely 4
the building fund, while wealthy manu-
facturers gave plants of machinery AM
scholarships BESIDES a public hall I'll
building contains an industrial museum
where the products Of the arts and trade
are shown. chemical laboratory. library
art de artment and model mandatory
exhibiting all the processes of cOmbing
spinning, weaving and dyeing