The Hawaiian gazette., 1885-06-24

Tho rraferi.l constituting the mineral veinnleav-
inc at n slight incline from the vertical, "a west
ern wall Of the chasm lnesr the western re ptrant
ancle0 beheld and handled rock, TO btlassi-
fed as Plutuaic rather than Volcanic, 7ok ut
trrly ,,ou resirnisr and compact in its Aterior
makeup, and OF the same general state ~ tex
ture crauiate, trap, oasalt ereiss anu tetslar;
which mineral vein cleavinc the western hil OF
Mnkuaweopeo. seemed 20 me, when wasn the
crater viewing it. 10 support the following fneiu-
sions, not beyond the possibility ot overthaw m
deed. still the conclusions thps held mr. s1nd IN
their places with some degree ot steadinessio say
the least.
That ist, Maunaloa. like all mountains, hsbeen
formed hy the uplifting OF its center from befath,
or, what would amount t. the ssms tn,iis tns
about that center. That ID, the cone OF Mapaloa
like that Of mountains generally, consists dhard
rock--of rock. l. e. which, like basalt and 1aniee
have cooled under enormous pressaTe;, ~ ~
the mineral vein oleaviac the walls OF Mokqweo-
uca must have pTotruded from below thFlch
crack in those same walls and that the mterial
constituting this vein must have been theriore
las to ;he period os its cooiucl later foTintion
than that into which 1t is imbedded. That y the
material constituting this vein, which Is deWdo
vcsicles must have COME frnn much deeper iuun,
and been subjected TO much heavier pgfSafe
than the material constituting the crater falis,
which is morv or less vesicAted. That y. the
same column of lava, pushed violently ufFaru,
may deposit az its upper end veSlculAF roN tue
upper end having drained unto itseH all thesas OF
the column below Nll4t iONSA S4ANs
fov up through rift in the crust conhtne II
may deposit frn. compact, icneouS rock essh and
every column Of mineral fire osolafing vita the
cruS; Of the earth, having presumably, lnlean
at its upVer end manufacturing Eerated Law, and
Pluto 81 its lower end mauufactuTtng nou0era-
ted granite trar basat, cneiSS or fe!dSpar. IhSt
9Th Mokuaveoweo was az the outset the upilr end
of column OF liquid fire with acrust over (which
the conuotiou beneath at length caused 70 All in.
And that 5th molten lava deep down, broulHt into
contact with the cool Of the upper terrtria crust
solidihes into the compScteSt OF rcckS- specimen
Of which we have in the mineral vein eleavilg the
vtStern wall OF Mokuaveoweo. jos.
ADDITIONAL NoTE-
Lava Is Of two general Sorts respects eternal
aprSesrance elsrs-Asry 90 uH IkSlAcsi than on the
! Hawaiian islands. The lava beds Of western Cal,
| ifornia are probably true IA. The one nesr tht
IssSssa Butte Of the Shasta region, sss7p, at az
events to be something of this kind. reuslndln 8
one going from here there aS II cannot fau %, OF
the immense al stretches skirtipc the h1se Of Man
ualoa. IL consists Of discontinGo1s, fracIncatary
lava. just like the Hawaiian aas, and Is at Just
! about the sane thickness, measured vertically, as
] the a. formations OF this island only the,aa o.
Hawaii much Of IT, Is easily dsiniecafed whereas
the material comprising the laSSen Butte lava beS
is sternly resiStent 70 the action OF the eittneni
! and the hammer Of the mineroloCiSt
] Lava. which in cooling hiss dispersed into irres
| ulsr fragments, in size all the way from Eooini
sE,c 10 a hay-stsck, Is what IA may be ce9crieet
as being; whereas pshoehoe i lava which by cool
inc has solIdihed into y continuous coherent UaSs