Morris tribune., 1885-04-01
The Tip OF the Tongue.

When we want to assure ourselves, by
means of taste, about any unknown OBJ
iect-say lump of some white stun,
which may be crystal or glass or alum
or borax or quartz or rock-salt-We put
the tip of the tongue againstlt gingerly.
If it begins to burn us we draw 1t away
more or less rapidly, with an accom-
paniment in language strictly dependent
upon our personal habits and manners.
The test we thus occasionally apply,
even in the civilized adult state, to I'M
known bodies is one that is being APP
piled every day and all day long by child
rem and savages. Unsophisticated hui
mainly is constantly putting everything
it sees up to its mouth in a frank spirit
of experimental inquiry as to its glsta-
tory properties.
In civilized life we find everything
ready labeled and assorted for US; we
comparatively seldom require to roll
the contents of suspicious bottle Gin
very small quantities) doubtfully upon
the tongue in order 20 discover whether
it is pale sherry or Chill vinegar, Dublin
stout or mushroom catsup. But in the
savage state, from which, gcologically
and biologicaliy speaking, we have only
Just emerged, bottles and labels do not
exist. Primitive man, therefore, in his
sweet simplicity, has only two modes
open before him for deciding whether
the things he finds are or are not strictly
edible. The first thing be does is to
sniff at them, ann smell being, as Mr..
Herbert Spencer has well put it, an an
| ticipatory taste, generally gives him
4 E 10 -, l-rl,- To
prove. The second thing he does is to
pop it into his mouth, and proceed prac-
| tically to examine its further character
istics. Strictly speaking, with the tip Of
the tongue one can't really taste at all.
If you put small drop of honey or
of oil of bitter almonds on that part of
tho mouth, you will find 1no doubt to
your great surprise) that it produces no
effect of any sort; you only taste it
when it begins slowly to diffuse itself,
and reaches the true tasting re~i0n in
the middle distance. But if yom put a
! little CAYENNE or mustard on the same
part, you will find that it bites YOU i'm
mediately-the experiment should be
tried sparingly-while if you put it
lower down in the mouth you will swal-
low it almost without noticing the pun
gency of the stimulant. The reason is
| that the tip of the tongue is supplied
only with nerves which are really nerves
| of touch, not nerves Of taste proper:
they belong to a totally different main
branch, and they 60 to different cen
ter in the brain. together with the very
similar threads which supply the nerves
of smell for mustard and pepper. That
is why the smell and taste Of these pun
| gent substances are so much alike. as
everybody must have noticed, good
sniff at mustard-pot producing al
most the same irritating effect as an
incautious mouthful.
| As rule, we don't accurately dis
tinguish, it is true. between these diff
ferent regions of taste in the mouth in
ordinary life: but that is because We US
ually roll our food about instinct:vely,
without paving much attention to the
particular part affected by it. Indeed,
when one is trying deliberate expert
ments in the subject, i'll order to test
the varying sensitiveDess of the differ
emit parts to different substances, it is
necessary to keep the tongue quite dry
in order to isolate the thing You are eX-
perimenting with and prevent its spread
| ing to all parts OF the mouth together.
In actual practice this result is obtain
ed in rather ludicrous manner-by
blowing upon the tongue between each
experiment with pair of bellows.
To such undignitied expedients does
the pursuit of science lead the ardent
modern psychologist. Those domestic
rivals of DR.. Forbes Winslow, the ser
wants, who behold the enthusiastic in
vestigator alternately drying his tongue
in this ridiculous fashion, as if he were
blacksmith's fire, and then squeezing
put single drop of essence of pepper,
vinegar, or beef tea from glass syringe
upon the dry surface, not unnatural1y
arrive at the conclusion that master has
gone stark mad. and that. in their pri-
Tate opinion, it's the microscope and the
skeleton as has done it.