The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1885-01-04

.e.s VIM. ss. A.s.er.2. n..ss..

a. E.t-e.e Ds-.er.sis ~. .r Govern.
~e.s Within tie Ausecrsfs Ds.ssss
81. PETERSBURG. Dec. 18-In Russia there
arc two distinct and even moon patible car
doms. that Of tho Gar and that Of tho mouJiks.
The former Is an extreme type Of tho patri-
archal. monarchical. and despotic state. and
the latter Is an extreme typo OF democracy.
natural and inevitable collision between the
two particularly after the liberation OF tho
serfs 10 at the bottom OF the revolutionary
movement In Russia. known under the name
OF Nihilism. The whole world has Witnessed
how In decade the Cars autocracy. tho most
absolute Government OF our time. has dwindled
into shadowy power. such formerly was
possessed by the Mikado OF japan. Indeed. it
Is a curious historical fact that while the
Mikado was getting Transformed into u veritable
Car. the Gar was shrinking into an invisible
and impotent Mikado.
When people abroad speak OF Russia they
usually mean the czardom Of tho Gar. for tho
q ali the itnssias. People say here that the
S s 'h m,h yos might We'll ,s Of
robust country Youth Of our day. Th S%s are
r siI Ems that even II the
would pass away and the czardom of the moujiks
For over five years an Imperial Commission
Of Hs evsns an1 n!E tho ne aqy
material on the question. II has don. nothing.
more Would be no nearer the n ssa Of
is is ohee, than IL IL now The trouble ,es in
lks by themselves constitute an orgafized and
Cars appeared in history, and which will live
alter tn9 G1ars hny i nons Win IN. rharaohs
feet harmony aud understanding between the
moujiks and the Car would Practically amount
the Tni,sd si"i"s to King Russian st%r'S vii,
t nss naaa and an rs ssT
conducted by the villagers themselves. and on
what the Commission /, eXpecteI 10 accom-.
iin,e control 9i tho Grown oncsrs That would
hod Two ynars u
Senators Senators toG"ther With Gumber OF learned
Of soyernment. They haze Drought back here
record Is Ihas the ae mnnsii is on mTr
% thu hut a" and s
S;nn,nred to cali few LITTLE par,innents in or
OF Governors we're ordered to come here and
give give the, shsr yi,ws The, Tho Governors answered
hara ,asa e %ansss the mo%iiks The Goysr
icy Tse a npsi to the ,T
knew i,SS tn their mind 1T US aonel" that is
that swarm around the moujiks has Increased
the mouths and their God. Hundreds OF thou
the Car. Hundreds Of thousands Of n"rchnnts
Th"so and has wous
eaten ga, the monks all nn long ag9 If they had
., The census q, Russia in 1889 showed that
and that Of this number tho reas'r,try owned
only 2i31 555 As there are over 1OO0o,01o
families only one has a horse. But a farmer
NIB Tis has no horse Of hf own cq9nos eondqet
did not hold land in common they would GER
AS the imperial tax collectors seize and sell for
taxes horses. oxen. cows. sheep and pigs. so
creasing among tho pcasantry. Nevertheless.
the husbandry Of tho moui!ks is far better de-
arabic land OF Russia is now in tho hands OF
tho pcnsantry. chicny owned and partly rented.
In places wherc the moujilis manage to save
have schools, hospitals: loan and savings insti-
ments, and some factories. Thus in the Novor-
jew district OF the Pskov province. where the
their grain for themselves. Their public gran
aries are fun. and they have n loan and saw
get 10th seeds and money. They own also in
common agricultural machines. which only
Of such facts the imperial Government finds it
more advantageous to loan money to the peas
two years. through tho so-cailed Peasant Land
Banks. the Government has loaned to various
over ten million roubics.
The mouiik GASES to be found in the wilder
things will be managed when the carbon OF
the moujiks al last gets rid of the Gar. Being
will show tho world something original. With
their adoration o. Mir. the People. their com
mirable though unwritten body of common
law. thoy have the substantial clements for tho
establishment OF q social democracy