St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1885-02-22
The BOarl of Educ ltiOn HOnnrS the
Presidpnt-Elect by Naming a
School After Him.
Facts Concerning the Coming Choral Festi
val-It win Surpass ell Previous
Musical Exhibitions.
Days Work in the Police Court-A Young
Criminal Sent to the Reform
Scho |.
ST. Ps,rs Trade for the Week Shows n
JInproyement-Sundry Art Notes
OiLer News Items.
EMIGRATION OLD AND NEW.
Talk With an Emigration Agent on the In
proved Methods of Transporting Pop
ulati N from Europe.

In conversation with a. f. Johnson, the
emigration agent, GLOBE reporter learned
some interesting facts concerning the mo-
dus o2.randi. past and present, of trans
porting immigrants from Europe, which
forms so important factor in the growth OF
tie Northwest.
II is within the memory OF many o. Tue
CLONE readers, when emigrdnt5 all caIhe
over in sailing vessels, making the passage
between Liverpool ard America in from four
10 ten weeks. depending on the wind and
weather. Emigrant agents in those days
contracted with ship owners for the
eut;re passage space of sailing vessel for a
particular date. Usually these contracts were
made in the fall or winter for the following
spring aul summer, AMI tle agent necessarily
took considerable ris.l Of rot securing the re-
quired qupta Of passengers 10 ill The vessel
Tlis led subsequently, TO the establishment OF
regular lines Of clipper sailing vessels between
Liverpool and Busiun or Bremen and Quebec,
and, later on, between Scandinavian ports
and America. These vessels usullly departed
monthly during May, June, July, August
and September. Intending emigrantS from
the interior would arrange with the
agents or owsers Of these yes
sis for p2sstg for certain dates.
aud in 0rler that the vessel owners might
not be Disappointed in the number of pas
saaes for eacl vessel the system of ''hand
money WAS introduced. This is: The emf
grants would make deposit to the agent To
apply on passage, which, in case the emil
grant failed to take passage as agreed upon,
WAS forfeited.
Tao price Of passage by the clipper ship
pers from British ports ranged from g to
80, or from $40 to $50, and from CONT
mental p ,rts about go higher. This Included
raiions of uncooked provisions, which we're
served weekly 10 the emigrants, but each
passenger had to attend 10 the cooking indi-
.yidualiy. On this account a superintendent
wasusually elected by the passengers who
oyERsAw THE COOLING;
and TO avoid the Inconvenience of each cook
ing on his Gown hook" the supplies were
pooled and when cooked served to the pas
sengers pro rata In cases where German
or Scandinavian passengers failed to obtain
passage In direct sailing vessels, and were
Obliged To cross the North sea tu England
and take passage by one of the Liverpool
Epsses, il frequently happened that the differ
ent nationalitirs had bio ,dy fights In the
kitchen. in which kettles and pots played
havoc on craniums. Many Of these emf
grants. after having earned some money in
America, made remittanccs To their families
and friends in the Old country, by the very
captains with whom they bad come out. This
led To the system Of ssnling money home TO
DC used expressly for passage tickets. II
VAS not an unusual occurrence for the
.pcYly arrived emigrant TO make pay
a ~
in America for passage for plrticular per-
snn, who was in turn notified by the vessel
owners on the other side that his passage
was prepaid aud that be had the privilege of
gmErlting, but that no money would be
paid him.
HIGH RATES.
Between 1910 and 1850, when steamers
began 10 ply between England and America,
the sailing vessels enjoyed a very lucrative
emgraut business, which was not re-
lnquishcd To the steamship lines without
struggle, and as late rs 1860 the sailing vessels
atr= still in the field for cmigrInt business.
securing, however, hut meagrr patronage.
In the early days Of emigration Toy the
steamship lines the passage money was in-
variabiy required to be paid In gold, and the
price was usually $40. This gold rate during
emgrant passage range from $50
TO 800 With the disappearance
or the premium gold, the steamship lines
couC.uied Ia accept currency in payment,
aud the establishment of several new lines.
anxious for share of the cmigrant traffic at
the then hgh-ruing prices Of $40, brought
about a system of ditfereulial rates which has
ever since le,n maintained through all the
Years of competition, until to-day this very
problem OF equal" or "difYcrent iar' cmi-
grant rates las brought the price uf passage
tickets down to the ridiculous figure of $40
The steamship lines appointed few booking
agents al such impurtaut points as Philadcl-
phia. Pitshurg. Albany, Rochcstrr. Buffalo.
Cleveland aud Detroit, ard later at Chicago
and 81. Louis, but not beyond the Missouri
or intermediate points between hicagu and
s. Louis or Chicago and Dubuque. Pur-
chaseFs Of passage tickets In Illinois, for in
stance, had the choice of either going to Chi
cago. ST. ou,s or Dubuque, To reach either
OF which places il required in many cases
several DAYS.
THEY FOOLED THEIR ISSUES
and 70 avoid the announcement delay neigh
hurs would club together. usually in the win
Ter, and commission some trusty person who
would 90 To the nearest large city aud huy
Passage tickets FOR the entire party Now
that the price Of einigrant passage has been
rvduvvd to $40 every steamship line has its
local agents ia every city. village and town
aud NJ every crossroads. Country mer-
chants, lawyers, bankers. insurance aud real
estate agents, and even farmers are passage
agents, anu their solicitations make life
burden 10 the wuulj-be purchaser Of passag,
tickets, err the fnreigu-boru citizens who may
wish 10 10 back for a visit
There are now upwards OF twenty regular
Passenger lines competing for emigrlut
business, esch with its peculiar advantages
Rud Inducements, and just now the
c0mpciitiup is kCtner than ever hcfor-
known in the history OF emigration. Tue system
OF booking rmigrauis has been so improved
aud Is uug So complete and simple that IL is
coz sidered = matter of un particular moment
10 hauk family al a dozen persons ranging
from ! tn 90 yvaTs OF age frnm the rcmoieSt
parts ot Germany, Italy, Switzerland o. Nor
way 20 ans railroad station In America.
an have them come through. without
the loss OF grnSs-vster's walking stick even
Mt uuly is provision made for both inland
ani ocran transportation, but the payment
Of muuey. 30 the passenger, either before
starting ar at the port 81 elntarkatiou, or on
lsuliug In America, max b. Included in the
passage order. Some lines have adOvted the
system Of having the agent NJ the pors Of
eDl'arNaiion Ia whom application NAV bc
sent Is the passengers previous 10 sailing.
notify NJ thc local agent in Am .rica WIN
las issued The order for Massage, on what
steamer and cav of sailing the particular
pa>>cu-er Is expected To sail. and The Amer
eau agrut IN turn advises the purcbaser
Toe leading emigration sgeuts arr fully adj
Vised IN ADVANCE ou what STEAMERS ra>sen-
gers will vtnbsrk. aud the arrival nf every
steamer a. Aasrtcsn ports on which III.
agent has passengers, il trlvErSDhed. and ,h,