The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1885-10-16
Scientific.

&A9 WA&O R1AANSAPus4 AAKWWDVty "a 411OtsO ID
Che manufacture Of arms. complete
and instruesive museum Of arms. ancient
and modern. hos been formed in large
building known as the Prefecture.
Il IL the intention of the Society for
the Promotion Of the Norwegian Fish
cries to establish in the Christiana ford
near Dorbak, biological station for the
Matching Of sea-water food Ash and
salmon. The inducement to this step
has been the great success Of other
stations along the coast.
From experiments tried by DR.. E.
Klein in concert with DR.. Blyth it
would seem that mercuric chloride is of
as little value as germicide as pure
water. 1t has yet to be determined
whether there is any substance really
capable of permanently preventing the
growth and multiplication of microbia,
and still more Of destroying their germR
In the manufacture of gunpowder
Nordenfelt proposes to dissolve the sui
phur in carbon disulphide, to incorpor-
ate it with cellulose reduced to On inn
palpable powder, employing that instead
Of charcoal, and, finally. to add the
saltpetre as o saturated solution. Dur
ing the process of desiccation the mass
has to be be frequently stirred to pre-
&l>o o,,v.&,1o
Pepper is sometimes adulterated with
olive kernels. Planchon, in dealing with
this species of fraud, calls attention to
the fact that none of the neurological
elements of pepper can be COMPOUNDED
with the elements of the olive kernel
The characteristic features of the two
are perfectly distinct. The several
kinds of pepper-those of Tellicheri,
Sumatra, Saigon, etc.-resemble each
other completely in structure.
Regarding the emission of carbonic
acid and the absorption of oxygen by
leaves kept in darkness Deherain and
Maquenne observe that in Euonymus
japonica, the plant selected for expert
ment, the carbonic acid given off exceeds
the oxygen absorbed. Thus the respir-
atory phenomena of leaves consist not
merely in transformation of the oxygen
absorbed into carbonic acid, but also in
the production of carbonic acid from
internal consumptions similar to those
which take rise in lamentations.
The results of an investigation COM
menced in 1882 to ascertain the maxi
mum and minimum percentage of alco-
hol and acetic acid which genuine apple
juice would produce, are published by
Mr.. w. French Smith in the Journal of
the American Chemical Society. They
indicate that good cider should contain
about five per cent. of alcohol, and a
fair sample ought not to fall below four
per cent. and if less than three and one
half per cent. the cider must have been
diluted or prepared from extremely bad
apples. Again, while a genuine cider
vinegar may contain less than four per
cent. of acetic acid a good Article should
contain about five per cent, and vinegar
prepared from the better grades of cider
will represent from five and one-half to
seven per cent. of acidity. Apples must
be carefully selected to yield vinegar
above seven or eight per cent.
A discovery having an intimate bear
ing upon certain harbor erections has
been made by Mr.. Thomas Andrews
during course of special experimental
research. He has found that the gal
vanic destructive action in parts even of
the same metal, arising from difference
OF electrical potential while diffusion is
going on between the surface and the
lower water in tidal stream is, on COM
parson with the results of oth"r investi-
cations conducted by him, apparently
OF much greater extent than the loss
either from simple erosion in sea water
alone, or than that which ensues from
the action of each other of dissimilar
metals of this group-such as wrought
IRONS cast metals and steels in galvanic
connection in sea water. It evidently
follows from this also that an iron
steamship while in tidal port sustains
more deteriorations in her hull exp osed
to the simultaneous action of the top ur
fresh water and the bot; ON or sea water
than she does, other things. of course,