The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1885-12-12
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die Of the fluid sometimes small, clear
Nothing farther than this can be seen
at single examination, but if one Ct
the bodies be watched for some time, a
change in its appearance will be OBJ
served. 1t will be seen to give rise 10
a minute bad, which rapidly grows I'M
til it has assumed the size Of the parent.
1t may then detach itself, and in its
turn produce another bud, but usually
the second bud begins to grow before
the first has become detached, and in
| this way the strings and heaps are
formed. Sometimes one Of the plants
multiplics itself in another way. 1t
does not throw off bud. but the fluid
matter inside the sac divides into four
masses, and each Of these having be-
come surrounded with sac Of its own,
the sac Of the parent bursts open and
the four new plants are set free. Each
OF these rapidly attains its full size. and
in its turn. either by budding or divi-
son. gives rise to others.
These small bodies, being possessed
CT the power Of growth. are living Or
ganisnis, and the question arises
whether they are animals or plants
That they belong to the plant king
dom is shown by their possession of
two characters. In the hrst place, the
outer covering. or sac. contains the
substance ccllulose, which Is one
of the most characteristic con-
stituents OF plants. Secondly. they
possess tho power OF lvin. upon
inorganic matter; they are able 10 sepa-
rate the -four and water into the chem
ical elements which compose them. and
out OF these elements build up their
own bodies. Animals, on the other
hand. can live only upon organic mat
ter that is, upon other animals and
plants. Yet there are two respects in
which the yeast plant differs from all
ordinary plants; it contains no green
coloring matter. or chlorophyl, and it
constantly throws of carbonic acid gas
and absorbs oxygen. In these psrticu-
lars it Is at one with the an mails; but
rs the two properties first mentioned
are of n more fundamental nature than
the latter. yeast is considered 10 belong
to the plant kingdom.
The vitality possessed BY the Yeast
plant is very remarkable. It is able to
keep alive in dry state for very long
time, probably many years. The con-
dtions required for it's growth are heat.
moisture. and the presence OF sugar, or
is chemical equivalent. As soon as
these conditions are sat stied it grows
and multiples with great rapidity, so
that small quantity will in short
time produce an amount many thou
sands of times as great in bulk. 1t is
said. on good authority, that under
favorable circumstances one plant
Will produce one Mill on in one day.
The growth of the plant is attended
with the formation OF two bodies, car
bonic acid and alcohol. These sub
stances are formed at the expense Of
the sugar contained in the matter in
which the yeast is placed. In the rails
ing of bread. the bubbles of gas formed
are carbonic acid gas. and the sour
smell generated is due to the forna-
ton Of alcohol. In brewing. the grain
is first caused to sprout. this changing
its starch int sugar The growing
process is then interfered with, and
yeast. tho plant now being able to SUBJ
sist on the sugar, is added, and fer
ensues.
The yeast plant is one of the very
lswest forms of vegetable life. Like
the lowest animals, il consists Of
single simple cell. The material of
which the cell IL made. except rs to the
cellulose sac. is just the Same as that
of the lowest animals, VIZ. Protoplssn.
The yeast plant is like the lowsr ami
mails. too, in the paanner in which it
itself-by hsson and by
gemmatian or budding, But it shows
IFS resemblsrre ~ the higher members
81 the kingdom TO which il belongs in
that it ia fixed organism. Eot able to
move about from place to place. -
Gentleman.