The Labor enquirer., 1885-12-26

j bar Of ii when the social body Is 90
pressed W hen the government YiOlate
the rights Of tho people, insurTection j
for the people and fGr every portion o
the people the most sacred of riphts anf
the most Indispensable Of duties, Whel
the social contract fails TO protect I citi
gen he resumes his natural right to de
tend personally Al his rights In either
/ Of the two preceding Cases, to subject K
legal forms the resistance TO oppression
| is the last refinement to tyranny, and i
both infamous and void.
XIV.
Public functions cannot bo considered
as distinctions nor % recompenses, bu1
as public duties, The people ought, q.
| far ~ possible, to govern themselves
without the interposition Of delegates Of
representatives. But when these repre-
sentatives are necessary they must b<
selected BY such asystem as will insure
their being real and not pretended mi.
crocosms Of their constituents. The
crimes Of such representative should
be severely punished. The people have
9 right to know the operations Of their
delegates and it IS the duty Of the latter
to render to the people faithful &C.
count Of their behavior.
XVI.
Men of all countries are brothers. and
the people Of each ought to yield one
another mutual aid, according to their
ability, like citizens of the same state.
He who opposes or oppresses one peo-
pie is the declared enemy of all. Those
Who make war ona people to arrest the
progress Of liberty and to annihilate the
rights OF man ought to be pursued every
| whore, not as ordinary criminals, but as
social outlaws, assassins and robbers.
Kings, aristocrats, tyrants Of every de-
scription are beasts dangerous to the
welfare Of mankind, and against them
should be raised the hand of every man
XVII.
The conditions which will establish
universal happiness upon earth consist
in the free endowment of the natural
rights Of man, combined with the exer-
else of all his faculties upon the highest
plane of mental, moral and physical
worth. The best guarantee of the ex-
lstence and perpetuity of these condi-
tlons is the loftiest possible elevation of
humanity. There will arrive a time, if
progress be not impeded, when govern
ments will be useless. To advance that
time, education seems to be the main
factor. Hence, what prevents or con-
strains the spread of intelligence is tyr
annous and unjust.
XVIII.
Governments, as at present existing
are machines used for the purpose Of
enslaying the people. Such machines
should be abolished and society be per.
mitted to reorganize upon principles OF
equality. The people being too much
governed, all statute or common law,
except broad and simple declarations OF
principles and rights, should be abolish
ed. These principles should be inter-
pleted not by infamous precedent but
by the light of common sense, to secure
justice to all.
XIX.
Neither sex. age, color nor condition
should ever be made barriers against
equal and exact Justice,
o SXx.
Suppress the right of increase claimed
by the proprietor over anything which
he has stamped as his own property
while maintaining possession, and BY
this SIMPLE change law, government,
-rcusesar anr. inst tiitutiiuns riif be rpyufus1
tionized and evil be driven from the face
If the earth.
DECLARATION.
We believe firmly, that as necessary
step in advance to that condition of per.
feet Anarchy" when governments shall
be no longer needed, it is imperative
that the present competitive system OF
industry and the social structure depend
ent thereon be abolished, and that in its
place shall be substituted a system Of
governmental cooperation in all matters
of mental, moral and physical construc-
ton and elevation. =
We believe in fact that the present |
system necessarily is prophetic of fu-
ture revolution, which must either result |
in a greater and freer condition. or will |
plunge our present civilization back into
We affirm that, believing this, it is our
duty to prepare for the impending con-
fict /; to lead it when it shall break upon
us, and to bend every energy to SO direct
it as to secure as its result the establish +
ment of a proper system of government.
tai cooperation.
We affirm, furthermore, that an the
resources of science should be enlisted |
in the battle to insure success and the |
welfare of the people of the world
We declare further that action ought
to be both international and simulta-
neous.
It will be remembered that in 1872, at
The Congress of the International held |
1T Hague, first arose the dissensions
which have since divided our ranks. 1t
was at this session that Bakounine was
expelled and carried with him thirty of [
she delegates, with the aid of whom he
what has since been called
he Black international, as opposed to
hose who remained, the Red. TIE be-
ief of the Red was in the gradual edu-
,ation of the people and in taking no
orcible action until all the world was
n the total abolition of all present
'orms of government by force.
The news of this division when
brought to Bismarck provoked from him
his historical remark: Crowned heads,
wealth and privilege well may tremble
Jhould ever again the Black and Red
lnitep
There exists now no great obstacle to
hat unity. The work of peaceful edu- |
,ation and revolutionary conspiracy well
AN and ought to run In parallel lines.
The day has come for solidarity. Ho!
Reds and Blacks, thy flags are flying
Iide by side Let the drum beat out de-
iantly the roll of battle. "Workingmen
If all lands, unitei You have nothing
o lose but your chains !; you have a
world to win r.
Tremblel oppressors of the world
Not far beyond your purblind sight
here dawns the scarlet lights of the
DAY o
Published by order Division Execu.
i've OIL Div Sncrefarv