davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
DRUGS, CgEMICALS. &c.

-
rpw'D s. LEADBEATER. THcs. IEADsEATEs
~ s. LEADBEATER & BRO,
Nos. 5 and S. Fairfax st.
Established 1892,
DEALERS IN
PURE DRUGS and MEDICINES, CHEMlCALS'
PAINTS OILS, PRoPRIEIAEsa9, c AEDl-
CINES, GARDEN SEEDS, SPICES,
AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS,
FINE TOILET GOODS, &c.
proprietors of Anodyne Pectoral, Lubricating
Liniment. Essence Jamaica Ginger and Cough
Svrup. and Agents fol Ayers Medicines, keaoy-
mixed and Tinted Gloss Paints &c.
Every effort will be made to maintain inc hisn
reputation of our old establishment. my
A A. WAKEFIELD,
II. Successor to Janney y Co.!
npues PAINTS. 'e OILS. GARDEN SEED.
WINDOW. GLASS, SPICES,
Acids, Dye Stuffs and Druggists sundrles;
Physicians prescriptions carefully compounoe1u.
Orders and inquiries from the country profnp''S
Sept N No: 152 King street:
CUMMERs & ALLEN,
DRUGGISTS,
N. W. corner King and Pitt streets,
DEALERS IN DRUGS, PATENT MEDICINES
CH IrlILT OolGhIi
BRUSHES, &C., &c.
ROTTI ELS OF SODA WATER SARSAPAR1LLA
AND GINGER ALE.
Prescriptions carefully compounded octz So
GAMUEL n. LUNT,
DRUGGIST,
CORNER KING AND FAIRFAX STREETS,
Dealer III
DRUGS, CHEMICALS,
FANCY and TOILET ARTICLES,
PERFUMERY, BRUSHES, &C, &c.
Physicians prescriptions carefully prepared st
al hours, day and night. aP4
VA F. CREIGHTON,
Wholesale and Retail Dealer ia
DRUGS CHEMICALS, PAINTS, PATENT
MEDICINES, OILS DYE STUFFS,
GARDEN SEEDS, &c. &c.
Corner King and Royal Streets
ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA
Physicians Prescriptions carefully compounded.
Orders will receive prompt attention.
mh24-tf -
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

T BRODERS & CO.,
Wholesale Dealers and Jobbers in
GROCERIES, PROVISIONS, FLOUR, SALT
AND FISH.
A full line of celebrated pure old Whiskies,
grandies Gin, Rum, &C., Massey & Co.'S Philadel'
phia and Claggetts Baltimore Ales, and Berger &
Engcl's Lager Beer, in casks or Bottles.
Agents for James s. Kirk & Co.'S Standard
Soap, and for the Baltimore River Steamers.
Orders promptly attended to, and consignments
solicited. No. II King street.
my1-tf Alexandria, Va
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

Clerks Office Corporation Court.
Ale1andria city, Va, 1ltn March, 1885
7, John 8. Beaoh, Clerk Of he 'orsor,tion
Court of the city of Alexa dr", W., Il" hereby
certify that the boud required BY iawlo be given
in. this cause b Is been duly e1ecutrd
nh1 3-eu3W j III y ; BEA, Il CLERK.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
By &. T. Lucas, Auctloneer.
ION SALEUF VALUABLE JEHELRY,

4 UCTION SALE OF VhlUA Bile JEW ELRG,
"A STOLE FIXTUkE &C.
As trustee of foburt L Adam ! Will sell st
pnbi: au.t,ou II. The sivre, -, 10 ning street,
a the STOCK OF ~ Ei-G(, -i.ver, silver
p delaware, Clocks. show Cases, ~n,,s. AID Store
L uts.s Of sal. Il 'Leti 4. Ad IN Hacc 'uinrhc-
iux 1Oa =. M,,\pAY MoIru .:Oin 1885, a, 1
cvntimuing FROM "A, t. LAY a. ~ a III aud s
aud 8 p III. until coinui.t.d Terms a Ii.
n. ~. AhMS rhuAG, Trustee
All ersous Indebted II said Adam are
notified that uu...- i"mcd s-sa Il"ut Is n.ade
suit Will b" c0u,uIr"Cv'! 1T "tc'.
mL1s-,, 4 A.M>riI., &ru-t.s.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

VIZ A. JOHNSON & CO.,
WHOLESALE GROCERs.
GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS.
And Dealers in
ALL KINDS OF LIQUORS.
Have on hand GIBSON'S Xxx, xxx, xxx,
and PURE OLD RYE, OLD CABINET and
MONOGRAM WHISTLES; also BAKERS and
THOMPSON'S PURE RYE WHISTLES, to which
they invite the attention of the trade.
Orders from the country for merchandise shall
receive prompt attention
Consignments of Flour, Grain and Country Pro-
auce solicited for which they guarantee the high
eat uaarket prices and prompt returns.
Northeast corner of Cameron and Royal streets
sep14 Alexandria, Va.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

John LANNON,
WHOLESALE
GROCER AND LIQOUR MERCHANT,
Corner Market street and Strand,
Alexandria, Virginia.
AGENCY DUPONT'S SPORTING, MINING and
BLASTING POWDER.
A full line of celebrated pure old Whiskies.
Brandies, Gin, Rum, &C., Massey & Co.'S. Phila
delphia and Claggett's Baltimore Ales, and Berger
& Engel's Lager Beer in casks OF bottles.
Agent for the POTOMAC RIVER STEAMERS.
Orders promptly attended to and consignments
solicited. myl-u
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
NOTICE.

No'''A
We have fitted up in neat and attract1ye sty1e
SODA WATER MANUFACTORY, the Northwest
corner of King and Pitt streets and to our friends
and the public generally solicta share Of their
patronage. Apprecisting past fsvors we intend
BY strict attention to business to merit con-
tinuance of the same. Resp ctfully
oct21 SOMME1o ALLGN.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
TOHN D. II. LUNT,

John D. II. LUNT,
Successor TO- Lunt & Davidson.
DEALER IN DRUGS. CHEMICALS, PATENT
MEDICINES AND FANCY'ART1CLES,
N, e. corner King and Washington Streets
ALEXANDRIA, VA.
Physicians Prescl .ptions specially. llanIO
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
& HALL,
D RU & e l S t S,

Corner Prince and Fairfax street.
Inscriptions speciality. English, French,
German and Domestic Toilet Soaps; Genuine
Fsrina Cologne; Magnolia HedyGsmia, Geranium
and Florida Water Genuine Lubins Extracts;
Sponges, Hair Brushes and Combs best English
Tooth Brushes a full assortment of Patent Medi-
cines, Coxe's Gelatine, Corn Starch Sea Moss Fa-
rine Spices of all kinds and select stock of all
articles sold by druggists at prices as low as the
same quality can he obtained elsewhere dec
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
fSSHROAph
VIRGINIA MIDLAND HALLWAY
THE GREAT THOROUGHFARE
DETwEES THE
ESHRO.dph-

BETWEEN THE
NORTH AID Til: SOUTH.
THE ONLY Inc OFFERING A DOUBLE
DAILY PULLMAN BUFFET AND
SLEEPJNG CAR SERVICE,
Between Washington and New Orleans. This
line offers to the travelling public accommoda-
tions aud facilities such as cannot he found
any othe~ ;ne entering WASHINGTON
On and after SUNDAY, March %, 1885. pas
sanQrr traius will he run as follows:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

r STABLER 6 CO.,
Successors to z. e. Stablerl
DRUGGISTS AND CHI M lists,
n. W. Corner King and Washington Streets
Dealers in Patent Medicines, Drugs, Cigars and
Cigarettes Fine Tooth Brushes, Nail Brushes
German and Domestic Cologne, Hair Brushes
Spouges, Flesh Straps, &C. Especial care given TO
,rascrintions jan28-tf
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25
FOR S.i:.G. re: y ~

kD:. SALE.
" Eth USE,
HS3 = n sire t near rayrt,e street. The prop
.rt> c., b c,yorle, i,Lu slx-rvom hou ,cs
moderate price. The building is 36x1Ou feet.
2 Il. SUMMERS,
sol 9th ST.. IA. W., Washington,
or, Summers s. Allen, Druggists, City.
mar11 WaStf
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

The Steamer LADY OF THE LAKE leaves her
wharf EVERY MONDAY, WEDNESDAY and
FRIDAY, at six o'clock p. m. Returns on alter
nste days.
Single fare, first class. 75c; round trip, 81 25.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

|. 'hIh'F D. "'0"
NO 9. PRINCE STREET.
GEN ERAL
COMMISSION AND SHIPPING MERCHANT
Dealer in al kinds of
FERTILIZERS SALT AND PLASTER.
Agent of the
LIVERPOOL & LONDON 4 GLOBE INSUh
AECE COMPANY.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

NOOD OOLONG TEA just received for sale o.
" 70 Cts PSF lb by Euh1ea J, q NAbpR9,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

J. c. hIIBURN'
GROCER, TEA DEALER
AND
COMMISSION MERCHANT,
No II North Royal street. near Market space.
Alexandria Va.
Orders and consignments solicited they will re.
ceive careful and prompt attention. aDlS
W. A. SMooT. &. 3. FRENCH.
w A. sMooT & co.
COAL, SALT, PLASTER.
ALEXANDRIA, VA.
OFFIcH-Smoots Wharf.
ap4 Special attention paid to forwarding:
JAMES BAYNE. THos. Il. BAYNE.
DAYNE & BRO.
GRoCERs. LIQUOR and COMMISSION MER-
CHANTS,
No. rs Cameron Street,
ALEXANDRIA, VA.
Agents for ISAAC WENGER'S CELEBRATED
FAMILY FLOUR.
A fine assortment of Plain and Fancy FAM
lily GROCERIES and LIQUORS constantly on
hand. my26
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

INLAND AND SEABOARD --
| CoAsTING COMPANY. - d.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

g. B. Fisher @. VIM. FISHER.
FISHER & BRO,
Successors to Fisher. Ross & Co..
GROCERs, LIQUOR AND COMMISSION
MERCHANTS,
No. rs Cameron street, Alexandris, Va.
Special attention given to the sale of country
produce. poultry, SC. iap2O-tf
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1885-03-25

WYNN MANN's BED WARRIOR AXES at 86
w King. corner of Royal streets!-We nave
in store 10 dozen of VIM. Mann's Celebrated Red
Warrior Axes, which were made expressly for
our trade to which we invite the attention OF
purchasers These Axes were purchased at the
lowest cash quantity price, aud will DO sold at a
S'I oc.a S1'SD'' 1T. CREIGHTON & SON.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24

as their belief that he can hardly last
for more than a very few weeks longer
Last Thursday, as he was standing
with his attendant just outside the door
Of his apartment, he was suddenly
seized with convulsions, and threw him
self forward upon the floor. BY care
full treatment he recovered after some
time, but this is said to be one of the
sure indications OF rapidly approaching
dissolution, Commissions will occur
with increased frequency until, finally,
the patient viii die in one of them,
This melancholy end is likely to occur
almost any time now, although the
sturdy constitution Of Mccullough may
carry him along for more extended
period than is usual in such cases,
His physical condition becomes weaker
and weaker every day and his mental
system grows rapidly more vague. He
can no longer maintain an upright atti-
tude by himself and /, is only seldom
he recognizes his mos, intimate trends
He has been brought down from the
room he formerly occupied on the
second story OF the Asylum, and now
has an apartment on the sunny side of
the ground floor, This was done in
order that he may be more readily
taken oST for daily aiungs without the
difficulty Of practically lifting him up.
stairs sgain
rne@ta ef''JesA rtisass.
III. w, Shaw, better known rs "Iosh
Billings who lectured several times
in this city recently, died at Monterey
this morning at 10 o'clock, Of apoplcxy.
Mr. Shaw was well advanced in years,
although his writings and lectures to
the last exhibited the visor and origi-
nalisy which long ago made him
famous
Although his writings were humer.
Gus, they had serious object and
some Of the most amusing Of his pithy
sayings concealed knowledge of the
seriousness Of life, and desire to help
mankind. His last lecture in this city,
and, it is believed, the last that he de-
livered, was given at the Young Mems
Christian Association Hall, September
sd, on the subject Of the " Proba
bilities of Life-Perhaps Rain and
Perhaps Not"
Mr.. Shaw was born in Lanesborough,
Mass, in 1918, and for twenty-five
years lived in various Western States,
where he was successfully farmer and
auctioneer. He 1858 he settled in
Poughkeepsie, n. ", where he acted
as auctioneer. 1t was not until 1868
that he began to write for the papers,
and the numerous articles which APP
peared over the signiture of Josh Bill
lings" became Immediately popular. He
soon entered the lecture field and was
equally successful there. He has pub
lished several volumes of comic
sketches, and edited an animal AH-
miuax, which had wide circulation.
His complete works we're published in
1876.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24
SATURDAY.. OCT. "a, 1885
CREMATION.

That cremation, as a means Of
disposing of the dead is steadily gain.
ing ground in the United States is
recognized fact. America has the honor
OF leading the way in this modern re-
vival of fre-burial." A new crema-
tory has leen constructed near one Of
the New York cemeteries, and large
number of bodies await cremation.
Lemoyne, who built the first furnace
in Pennsylvania, was the third person
cremaled. He was crank, amongst
whose eccentricities was opposition to
bathing, it being his habit to scrape
himself with a table knife as sub
stitute.
Over two hundred bodies have been
cremated in Germany since 1873. Italy
comes forward with three hundred and
sixty-fve Gambetta tried but failed to
change the law of France, which,
strangely enough, legally forbids Gre
nation OF the dead. One would
think that such peculiar people would
take to the idea in advance of other
nations. The furnaces throughout the
United States are taxed beyond their
capacity, showing that the sanitary
argument in favor OF preserving the
earth from pollution by interment OF
the millions who yearly die, is rapidly
working its way.
Nr-..-s.sis s,-.,.'.l- thesc- sources of crema
ton applied to the consuming of the
human body but also as cleanly anC
effective method Of disposing of al
refuse, animal and vegetable matter
There are furnaces now in operation
in the vicinity OF large towns where
all garbage and street sweepings are
consumed Such method Of dispos
ing of the refuse matter in the
city Of Honolulu would seem tC
be practical and effective. Th'
present disposal of sewage engen
ders disease and fills our wate
courses with deadly poison In ou
advanced state of civilization our sani
tation is blot and disgrace
All refuse should be. burned. TIL,
kitchen stove is found to be a con
venient furnace, and into this every
thing but excretia is dumped to bt
utterly consumed, and thus put be
yond the process of pullution. This
step has already been taken by thou
sands of households who cremate al
of their household wastes and kitchen
garbage, greatly to their comfort and re
lief Mr.. George Shaw is now at tnt
head of an establishment which ha,
been erected in London for the crema
tion of the city refuse on large scalt
and we shall shortly see what can be
done in this line 1t may contain the
solution of the most vexed problem o
modern civilization.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24
In Arronant !Messane.

CALCUTTA, Oct. I4.-King Theo-
baw of Burmah has answered the com
munication sent by the Chief Commits
sioner for British Burmah, in accord
ance with Instructions from the In
dian Government, with reference to
the dispute between the Burmese
Government and Bombay and Burmah
Trading Associations. The King re-
piled in an arrogant and insulting
manner to the note, and refused to
discuss the claim of the trading com
panies with the Indian Government
The Chief Commissioner has asked
for re-enforcements to the number Of
5000 men, before sending an ultima
tum to the mandate from the Capital
of Burmah.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24
General advertisements.
RISIIoP *. CO.'S
Savin-g5 Bank
rHE UNDERSIGNED Will RRcEivE
MONEY All THEIR SAVINGS
RANK UPON rHE FOL.
LOWING TRIMS

On sums oi Five Hundred Dollars or under, nom
one person. they will pay interest at the rate Of FIVE per
cent yer ennum rcm date Of receipt, all sums that
shall have remained on deposit three months, or have
keen on deposit three months at the time Of making up
the yearly accounts No interest will be computed on
taeticnS Of dollars or Tor fractions OF month.
No interest viii be allowed on money withdrawn
within three months from date Of deposit.
Thirty days notice mus, be given at the Bank Of an
intention to withdraw any money and the Depos'tors
pass.book mus, be produced at the same time
No money will be paid except upon the Draft Of the
Deposition, accompanied by the proper Pass-book
On the first day Of September Of each year. the
accounts will be made up, and all that
shall have remained delo 1t three months or more
and unpaid, will be credited to the deposi,ors, ane
from that date form palt Of the principal.
Sums of more than Five Hundred Dollars will
received, subject to special agreement.
The Rank will be open every day in the week except
Sundys and Holidays.
sso-s,o BISHOP q co.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24

The Great writer's of the Local
papers seem to have determined that
Argument shall have not sup at the
"crystal spring Of the Gods" ,"-heathen
though these ultimate sovereigns be.
The grateful public, who pay for the
papers, have no right to an interroga-
ton than the people of the Kingdom
have to interrogate the divine right OF
Hawaiian Kings or U. s. politicians.
1t is to be Hoped that the coming
Legislature will charge Up dollar Of
its own noneyat 80 cents And call 1t
square.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24

LONDON, Oct I4.-Churchill, Sails
bury and Duferin disagree in regard
to the measures necessary to preserve
British influence in Upper Burmah.
The Gladstone Government sent to
Lord Duferin TO eliminate the French
intrigue in Burmah. Salisbury is salts
fed with the assurances Of the French
that they have no designs in Burmah.
1t is thought probable that Duferin
will be recalled from India.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24

QUEENSTOWN, Oct. IA four
masted steamer has been sighted from
Galley Head having in tow a three
masted vessel supposed to be the over
due steamer SdOnian, which sailec
from New York September 10th TO
Genoa and Leghorn.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24

The salaries Of the British Cabinet
are; Secretary Of Foreign Affairs and
Lord OF the Treasury $4,000
Chancellor OF the Exchequer, $as, 900
Lord High Chancellor, $4,000; Lord
Lieutenant Of Ireland, $roo, 900; Lord
President Of the Prtvy Council, $ao,-
900 Secretary of the Colonies, ,$a5, 900.
Home Secretary, $4,000; Secretary o.
War; $as,ooo, Secretary of India, $s5,
900; First Lord Of the Admiralty, $az,
900; Lord Chancellor Of Ireland, $3o,
ooo; President of the Board Of Trade
$ro,ooo.
Daily Honolulu press. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1886, 1885-10-24
john NcCuliouoh's Condition.

New YORK, Oct. I5.--The Times
says; The condition of John Mc-Cul-
Tough has taken a marked change for
the worse within the past few days,
and the physicians in the retreat where
he is at present sheltered, now give it
The National tribune., 1885-05-28
NORTHERN ARKANSAS.
A Good Place for Soldiers Homes.

10 THE EDITOR: Please allow me space in
HE NATIONAL TRIBUNE to answer many in
quIrIes in regard to this part of Northern Arkan-
sas. The land is rolling, soil sandy with clay SUBJ
SOIL The principal crops are cotton, corn, wheat,
oats, millet, sorghum, tobacco, peanuts, and all
Kinds OF vegetables. Sweet potatoes grow large;
are OF excellent quality. The country is adapted
to all kind of grass. There is no better fruit
country than this. Apples, peaches, pears, plums,
cherrles aprlcots, etc, grow naturally, and all
the small fruits grow in the greatest profusion
and are OF the finest quality. This country is
wei! timbered, pine and oak being the principal
growth; walnut, cherry, cedar, chinkapin and
hickory are plentiful The country is we'll
adapted to all kinds of stock raisng-splendid
range proiusion of natural grass all over the
country. Cattle have been on the range for
some time and are doing well. We only feed
about three months; one dollars worth of feed
Is considered ample to Winter yearling Our
Winters are short and mild Summers long, and
not hot and sultry like those of Kansas; nights
always cool aud pleasant. This County lies
directly south and borders with Howell County,
Mo. The Kansas City, Springfield g. Memphis
Railroad runs through the eastern part of the
County. The health of the country is gener-
ally good-some malarial diseases on river
bottoms exist, however The country abounds
with numerous springs of the purest and best
OF water. Mammoth Spring in the northeast
% par VI we county, is the largest spring in
the world it is 20 feet deep, 100 feet in dame
ter, and has an available flow of 10000 cubic
feet of water per minute it forms Spring River
which is 1852 feet wide. Religion prevails
throughout the country, and there are some
good schools. There is still great deal of Gov
eminent land to be taken up. Improved lands
can be bought at from So to So per acre.
Our coolest day last Winter was 40 below zero,
and hottest last Summer was $40. crop can
be raised here with pony and $40 worth of
implements. This is the best poor mans coun-
try know of; we have numerous small streams
which abound in fish. l am 10 miles east of
White River. We will have fine fruit crop
this year. People are blowing corn. No drouths
here. Comrades desiring special information
will be answered personally. No disturbances
over politics. Ex-Confederate soldiers make
good neighbors.-PATRICK E. KING, Co. E, 7th
w. Va Cav, Wild Cherry Ark
The National tribune., 1885-05-28
The Canadian Rebellion.

Preparations are being made for The trial of
Riel, the leader of the lfbreed rebellion in
Canada. F. x. Lemiend and Chas Fitzpatrick
of Quebec. lawyers of great ability, have been
retained for the Defense prominent French
Canadian, who is great friend Of Riel's, having
volunteered to bear all the expenses of the trial.
The Indian Chief Poundmaker, one of RiePs
Lieutenants, has not yet been captured, but he
has released his prisoners, and is anxious to
know on what terms he will allowed to sur
render.
1t has been proved that Rel is an American
citizen, and that he took an active part late in
1882 or early in 1888 in the Montana territorial
elections, having become an American citizen
there. He created considerable excitement in
the election referred to- being an active worker
for the Republicans. After the elections were
over he was prosecuted on charge of having
induced several half breeds to vote, although
they had not the necessary qualifications. Be-
fore the prosecution had got fairly under way,
however he fled to his old home at st. Vital
Manitoba. He subsequently returned to Mon
tana on flying visit and removed his family
to st. Boniface, Manitoba. Then in the Fall of
1888 he went up into the Saskatchewan coun-
try, where he has been ever since. There is no
doubt whatever as to his American citizenship.