The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1885-06-19

slightest prOvOcattOn ut the point of the
plOw. with the average results possible AMI
wcll. .to-do class Of farmers, of which the
number ia largely increasing year ly year.
The tables on wheat raising are MS follows:
i, Cost Of production per acre
seed. one and ono-haif bushels al So cents 20 20
Cultivation and sowing ng...........,.;:, ST.
Harvesting and stacking. ng................... %
Threshing and marketing ................. goo
,statsties oi farm Of loo acres. " DR..
ssd sa5Sx 5Sf ss,s s sesE gu = n 81 Il 50 cent. $5 @
Cnltivating and sowing, at talc per aero. 81
Harvesting and stacking; at 81 .2;' per acre ..m
!hreshing and marketing a, a,hn S. @ at i9a $50
per cent ono year,. .0t
Total. ........................... 81, 10.
-. :. Or.
Crop of $500 buu tyicld 20 blu an acre,
balances to net profit i.l,s
Cost OF prodnstfon rer acre (inclu'ling
Cost Of production per busllel. ............ 81
EXPLANATORY REMARKS
@1'he cost Of production depends upon the
methods employed by tho farmer. upon lat
his operations. The figuros given in tie
above tables were made up from ttose fur
nished by several farmers out OF their OWN
experience in Central Dakota during th'
bust two htitf three years, and arc bnscd upon
What IT ttsts the Avctags farmer, who l'uts
IN his owl time bshiud tho. l,l0w. with the
help Of perhaps. Il coui,l6 pf iheii th prepare
the ground and put III the cfOii, aid who
hires his threshing and has his harvesting
doii5 ..-th other machinery tllan his own,
His Invested capital OF $1,000 includes the
cost of his house and other improvements.
including the first cu::t;ii;ption Of his ground
hyyUh ft,o in am al
outbuildings, and tho cost Of the two OF
three horses, the COW or two. and tho few
agricultural implements he has been able 10
buy since making n start In Dakota, say II
couple Of years before he takes off the above
homestead, the title Of which he viii acquire
M he ''r lad bSasSt b5sdisfh'' se q Ass srcs s,s af
decided land. Of which there, Il. i,lenty
for aale in Dakota, 1t would have
it.i. Wild land can be bought as cheap as !hat
vicinity, Of the lareor towns. Tho yield OF
Snfs @ se s s .SI Il s
| land In Dakota. under the highest state of cu1-
tivatton, has been known to yield over thirty
nvc bushels. and twenty.avo bushels arc frs-
titled field. III computing tho general average
r the entire crop q Dakota fot one Season,
there are Individual losses to be taken into ac-
count, which have occurred through lack OF cul-
ttvatiOn or from the destructive effects of hail
and wind In few localities. The question
which fs the better of according to his capital
invcstcd-the bonanza wheat king or the small
farmer-rematns All open one, and can only Ike
definitely settled after tho experimental period
Of farming in Dakota on both tho large and the
small scale has demonstrated the actual average
results OF each. from which comparisons may 10
safely drawn"
tATE OF rAxHrIoN
The tables OF rates OF taxatiOit present
N
representative character Of the counties
tnken from each Of the three sections of
Dakota east of the Missouri river. There is
the same necessity for guatdiiig against
Ovcr-taxatiOn IN Dakota TINT Is found to
exist in all new countries. where spirit Of
extraordinary activity prevails and the rapid
development seems to point to the speedy
accumulation of wealth, which should be as
speedily put to various uses There is n lia-
bility t6 incur indebtedness on account
OF expensive public improvements that
would be n credit to a country of
thirty years growth In this way taxes are
apt to Ike run upto rate which, while tmay
not seem to be at all oppressive, is of q
reality excessive. and is calculated TO oper-
ate to the disadvantage of q community in
after years, when there is call for further
expenditures on account OF new enterprises
which In country as full of energy and ill.,
centive as Dakota are constantly crOwding
to the front. There ls nothing alarming
however, In the present rates of taxation on
farm property in Dakota, and an exnmina
tiOn OF comparative statistics such as are
afforded by the tables given below, and OF
the kind which it will be the province Of tho
territorial statistician to furnish in the
future, ought to have q good effect in the
endeavOr excited on the part OF the tax
payers of the different counties to correct
any inequalities that may exist. and to keep
their taxes down to tho lowest point con-
sfgtent with sound public economy
The rates of taxation are as follows: YanktOn
county. Southern Dakota Rate Of III in mills;
Yankton county, against which the above rates
OF taxation IL applied, runs about m follows: {:
Average valuation Of lands. So per acre: average
snston t y, oi he1ses $to per head average valua a.
three -year-old steers. SIS per head: average
ssuation OF two-year-Old steers, $12 per head {;
s,vsrsge ,Ss valuation Of sheep, 81 per head. On On
vslue " assessed. and on merchandise 90 per
| per cent Of actual value.
nsiS'o Sii,. ,sss ssepty Central Dakota: Rate on
in mills: total. 70. In addition to the above, a
Ss, ;,i sshool tax ranging from rye
provide for the construction Of school houses.
This tux is levied III each school township
@ @sep.ratsy and VIII be applied in the future to
less for 1855. 1t should be stated in explana-
tton OF the special assessment for township
school taxes in Beadle. Hughes and other
counties In the newer portions OF Dakota. t'at
IS the cost OF building and mantainin. town
ship schools ts borne bv each township. the tax
Y prep0rtionately higher In townships that are
the more sparsely settled. Every years growth
therefore will materially decrease the rate OF
this tax.
Gas, Gsss County; North Dakota-Ratc on s. i:
road poll tax Of ~ So and school poll Of 81
are assessed per capita.
stutsHan County. North Dakota-Itatc on ~
in nlills. total 1S
Rate Of taxation per acre: In order to OBJ
tatn the rate OF taxation per acre. mu!tirl.
the total assessed valuation by the total rats
of taxation, and divide by the number oi
acres For example, the owner of Il far,r
OF 1GO acres In YanktOn county is assessed
stock and Rersonal property, to the amount
of $500. Multiplying that sum by .O2:i, th,
rate of taxation. which gives multiple o.
$3.50, and dividing by 100, the number o.
acres, we have lis eleven cents and ij'''
in'"s) as the rate of taxation per acre.
LILY Gray, London actress, claimes to ta
the only legal Mrs. Edwin Solomon, and doc .n't
zee how Lillian Russell can occupy that posi-
ton. ''''' f'''
A mass meeting, attended by 1900 persons,
was held in London TO denounco tho action of
MIR. Childers, chancellor OF the excheunor, in
increasing the duties on becr and spirits
Grand Duke Vladimir has started on a tour
Of inspection Of the military districts of Rus-
sia A scheme for the navigation of the Aral
sea and river 0xus has been completed. Tn
fiotilla, and the company undertakes TO pro.
vide transportation for 600, passengers and
100000 pounds Of cargo monthly.