The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1885-06-06

English is spoken by 100,00O,00O of people. |
Vol is probably the English "world," pruned |
down (or rather, boned like turkey, and |
made pronounceable, alike, or nearly alike !
by all nations
The vowels, a, G, /, o. u, which play so i'm
portant a part, are pronounced as in German
or Spanish. There are also modified forms OF
a, o and u, like the German "Umlauts " or
dotted letters Special forms are provided |
for these, to avoid dottlng. As the nearest
substitutes for these peculiar forms we use
in this article, 9 p and u. The sounds are:
R like a in cat; OF like u in tub; like the
French IA whistling sound between 90
and ee.)
VIOLA, vole, vol (the last syllable is always
aocented), are the three cases or infections of
the noun UOl; notice that they add the first
three vowels in regular order.
h.E.I
A is genitive or poSsessive; UOld, Of the
world pHka, of speech.
L is datve or indirect object; roIc, to the
world. For example, upHkobs Yole; we shau
have spoken to the world.
| is accusative or objective; dtpHkW
uOlGpHkt; she speaks Lhabituallyl the world
language
o, though not a descending, is the sign of
the vocative; volapHkatdell
In applying these Examinations there is not
the slightest irregularity, not an exception.
Thus you have "learnt your declensions, al,
ready, in the singular number; the plural
simply adds s.
A,E.I; AS, Es, is.
| From the simple rootnouns more complex
ones are formed by composition and by afhXes
| and pretiXeS. "Av" means science, "oogy;
pHkav is linguistcs. PHkat is speech, ora
| ton; pHkel is Il speaker: parked is saying;
| pHkamod is mannerof speech; pHkaDld Is
| variety of language dialect GepHk Is re,
| ply; pepHk Is a conversation, 'intervlew;
| pepHkel is an interviewer. Kat is cat: katil,
| kitten.
The utterly arbitrary and Illogical genders,
| which infest all the Aryan languages excetp
| ~, I-,I.11 l,NI nhnR
no masculine chairs, nor feminine tables, nor
| neuter young ladies'. When IL is necessary 10
distinguish the female sex, the pronoun OF
| (meaning She is prefXed, as pull, boy; of-pul
girl; olson, daughter: of-tidel, lady teacher.
But there is another prefix for the feminine,
ill., pronounced shee ID Is always pronounce
sh). j is used for the female sex as related
to the male, as ji-tidel, Frau LeIreTtn, r. dis
tinction which seems unnecessary, and winch
has caused some difficulty, for the VoapHka-
| datuvel saws, "FlenS mpdik vpa, s@koms
obs, kiplad kitim sagon'la j. nd OFF,
MANY friends of vp ask us where and when
one should say j. or Of.
If you wish to know the pronouns, commit
this to memory:
ob-o-Om- of os.on;
or divide it into two parts
ObolOm ofoSOn.
Oh is 1, oil Is thou ON is he; of is shc os 1t, on
is one.
These pronouns can be declined just like
the nouns. my friend" would be 'hen oba.
we may AlO say, Win pOsoeSSlNo uuJcClNVi
"fen oblk." HE has presented her to thee
might be expressed "ebitopom of OLE y
These pronouns, some of them, have pluras!
Obs, we; OILS, ye; oms, offs, they. Ons is used
'you," existing in nearly all the languages OF
Europe: listed, Sic, Ella. curiosity
is the double form of some of these
double pronouns in the plural. Fol
There might in some cases, be slight shade
of difference. 1--WE presented them (tht
gentlemen to them (the ladies'" might meal
that the gentlemen were presented in body
or separately; and similarly, the ladies nigh
be considered collectively or distributively
There would be four combinations:
PbitopObs omsi ofse;
RbitopObs omis ofes;
RbitOpobs oms ofse;
RbItopobs oms ofes.
rThe numerals are series of words of uni
form structure, no two beginning with tn
same letter. If you notice the novels yol
will see that the list u, g, /, o, u, again help
the memory:
l 3 5 8 Q
bal, tel, xii. fol, lul, m@l, vel, joel, zal.
| Y is pronounced like Is.
The tens have an $40, balls; 20, tells; 80, zals
With tum for hundred and mil for thousan
all numbers may be expressed; H,S2l, lulse
folmil kiltum telsebal. Bald, first; telid, sec
ond. etc. are the ordinals.
81 think IN those phrases about presenting
gentlemen TO ladies you fastened the word fo
zoe right on to the end of the verb, as 1t were.
You have hit it, O bepHkel. The verb col
r sists generally of root with pronoun glue
on the end and tme-letter at the beginning
= Take the word opHkobs, we shall speak. Pa
! means speak; obs means we; means futur
5 O--pak-Obs
o Shall-speak-we.
= When? What actI Performed by whom?
~ The time-prefxes are based on our old fl
mliar list of vowels:
Il
j present; imperfect; perfect; pluperfec
. future; future perfect.
Il A is generally omitted as Unnecessary.
l. Now, these syllables are appl ed alike to q
verbs. Think of language without irregult
q verbs. BinoS tn gudik al bnGn velatik! Pa
don me, mean, It is too good to be true.
Then / suppose bin is to be, or being,
a something like that?"
d Esagol velatikol, thou hast said truly.
!, "Wait a minute; ., perfect; OF, thou; esagC
A thou hast said; veatik, truo % must be -ly
Right again, 90 makes the adjective into {
'e adverb.
"Binpn, however does not end in either
+ the obOon-ofoson syllables."
, No; it ought not to have a person-endin
IL because ii is the inflnitive, simply Ito be-
e the abstract. The Danes soliloquy might
translated:
n "Binen no binpn2 ct binos sek!"
IN Nevertheless We can introduce the idea
~ person into it. He might have said:
~ "Binob9n u no binOb9n."
IN Showing that the question related to
OWH DclllB Ut HUI DtluR, AuOlntT peTsl
rs would look at the question as "binomPn
binomPn," whether he should be or not be
IN To show the wonderfully plastic character
10 the volaHpkik verb, may, by using the futu
d. perfect sign u, the indefinite or continue
go sign l. and the interrogative Ii, express in o
~ word 1.-THE question whether | shall aft
q, wards continue to be-
or UIBINoBGN-LI?
% stands for passive" and prefxing tn
he letter to any active verb makes it passiN
jv Pen9n, to write; papenpn, to be write
no. pepen9n, TO have been written. PolGfOb-
" " shall beloved2
"a. A few other sylabes complete the conjul
a. ton of the verb:
10 OK, reflective; lPfomok he loves hi
4. self.
he La conjunctiVe or conditional; jenos.
ali it would or might happen.
an LED, imperative; kPmolRd, comei
;ts .-CES, optative; posanomps, may be healt
I've Oh. that he may be healed
.st Gel, partciple; pence, writing; enent
is having written; popenRl. about to be writ,
40 Propositions are placed before the NOT
which remains unaffected; except where
On proposition denotes motion or tenden
vi which requires the accusation. In CAD, I'm
y, garden lin dem Garten, in hortO), in gadi
5s mi cad into the garden dn den Garten,
~ hOrtUml.
nd Under pronouns / might have spoken
nv these demonstratives: at, this ct that
Nv self, etc; of the relatives KEEL, who, viii
M that; of the interrogatives, kimI xii? wi
I 10 .l.aNg L f.Eg