The Panola weekly star. (Sardis, Miss.) 1882-18??, 1885-08-08

# #NNHfN ~ MaHe
80 Hh# sHsmasss ~ f-saaa4sa
Hh#s# = tsaaesgsa
la fi ~ hesfif sH fsnss y FAR
hta'sfs4As fsisslAg y assass fss.
@sH a. as saf's'a leHlis sk.et sss
hhm e sea n ta9Hlssgs n a. sfa
aPIeH a aaahas sahifsl awasf zee
tHadsf Eta aaFtal ~tafFsssd lsisf
y Flh nfoaf saa ~axsa slit pfaff
Thee msiasss lsad b f~.alsaaa IA
pea'sFf tshs Hag y ishsh n ani5a n
tft H0hftIHaha, h#f HsfH = ~ iasab
e rye fsfh Af0Hbi Iia bffayeF tfsif.aa
fas fha feeDiA ~ PAPER siH flea
n 4 fafsnef With iha reality lbars
Tfh printed fetafts a firm aftH A.
r1uHN 'n4m which, after ne dosest
Hufy could NM arrive Al H-Dtfissl.ns
Ihf a'eanHiF we're iHmhiad shd fhf nv
fu'F mliiesdih I'M The fguadaflaa m
eFry mfh business Il caplial The
fanf N thH pf1per Hss n fabftl :
profit The eiat N Me- mans N sn.y
IhR e ihla profit H wages n eapfai is
IrffUwei az Land rented. the fosi n
fhf 1se N eifber called lpisfe.f M
rent Tho tn0 Arp exactly similar IN.
iefeft reat paid ~ the uao N
money ~ tho iwu. rent ~ GENERALLY
IrN Than Interest, heunlae land i safer
IN no other persons hands ibas money
ltis generally from the Improper lae N
Interest. that confusion arises In A..
counts Interest should never enter INTO
au account M hll II should h. used
only On The outside. na I we're. or
fmofe plainly after the account Il com.
plcird We must remember that t1
mAke an account exact. only actual
value and cost must enter into H. In.
ierrat bears no relation whatever to the
account, but only 10 the capital invested
that s interest I. neither part u the
value nor a part ~ the cost, but only a
part N the profit, and a. such should be-
considered What has been said Of In
icrcst will also apply 10 rent.
Briefly, farm book keeping may be
divided into TWO classes business nc
counts and crop accounts. By the first,
we ascertain the gain or loss on our cap
itnl invested In this will appear all
real and personal accounts; all actual
business transactions, and thus all
moneys paid for rent, interest, taxes, |
labor, stock. etc. BE sure meyer TO al
low anything but dctudt business trans
actions 10 enter into this account. II
no land is rented, there will be no rent
account II no money Is borrowed or
lent, no interest, and 50 on. Make no
charge for your own labor, or for n
member Of your family your living, |
family keep and profits are yOur pay.
II is altogether unnecessary 20 keep ac-
count OF hay, grain, straw, etc. grown
and fed upon the farm. The returns for
these will be found in the increase in
value Of the stock and manure. (Of
course all feed and manures purchased
will come into the accounts). Neither
Is i necessary 10 make charges for any
thing grown OF the farm and used in
the family, for reasons as obvious.
Open these accounts by taking stock Of
everything You possess at n fair market
value. Add any notes or accounts ow-
to you, and cash on hand; subtract
All notes or accounts owing by you.
The result will represent your capital. |
Open accounts for grain, implements
and stock, charging only actual trans
actions In each; keep separate accounts
Tor labor, interest, expenses, etc. At
the end OF the year, take stock again,
balance your books. and the difference
between your stock Mt the end, and at
beginning Of the year will represent
yourlos or gain. In practice il Is unnec-
10 take stock Of household furni-
clothing. or v e goods or produce
hand that are 10 be used in the FAM
as these are not a part Of your bust.
ness investment, and are practically the
at any time. All small articles
about the house used in connection with
milk, etc, must be- taken into account
as we'll rs everything used In connection
with the farm, such as feed and nipple.
ments.
lnthe crop accounts, the capital in
vested on the crop value Of land. seed
and manurc), wages (cost Of working
land. putting In, taking off and market.
ing crops) aud taxes represents the debit
side, or actual value Of investment plus
the cost. The credit side or actual val.
OF returns, Is represented by the val
Tie of land, manure left in land. and
market value Of crop. The difference
between the debit and credit represents
the loss Or gain. Neither rent or inter-
st has anything to do with this account.
The reason for this will be plain. II we
consider why these accounts are entered
into. We keep IN account with n r
that We may ascertain whether that par.
tcular crop pays or not The transac-
tion is exactly similar to one In trade or
manufacture. The price Of the land Is
represented 10y the cost OF raw material
to the manufacturer. and the wholesale
cost Of the traders goods. The G
taken 10 arrive at n profit In either case
are exactly similar. Again, the profit
ON u crop depends upon the seed,
manure and labor used. than y o the
value Of the land; we may so use the
land that Il will return no profit what.
ever. II We own the land. the land.
seed and manure represent our capital
Invested and the profit represents the
percentage made upon the capital. II
We hire the land. OUT capital is cpre-
scnted by seed and manure only; there
fore the .rent represents that share Of
the profit which belongs 10 the owner Of
the land, and should bc deducted from
the profit, anal no added IN tha cost
II money Is borrowed 10 purchase seed
and manure, Il is clear We al have no
capital, and therefore no profit. II
there does appear n profit, Il Is false; Il
Is not profit, but wages. Here IL tho
cause cf hard times among the tenant
farmers. They do not consider enough
the relation between capital. wages aud
proiit-Cor. Country Gentleman.
- -