davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1885-09-29

Notice is hereby given that pursuant to
section ?, article /, of the bylaws, the
annual meeting of the stockholders of the
Wyoming Development company will be
held at the Office OF the company in the
city of Cheyenne, on Monday, Oct. ),
1885, at II O'Clock Il. m, for the purpose
of e%lecting trustees for the ensuing year,
and for the transaction of such other
business as may properly come before the
meeting.
, 1885-09-29

THos. STuRGIs, Secy.
Cheyenne, Wyo., Sept %, 1885.
, 1885-09-29

For RENT,-340 Evans street, furn-
ished or unfinished.
, 1885-09-29

For RENT. Houses, and barn for
twenty-six head of horses, with a large
hay loft. VIM. Murphy, corner O'Neil
and Twentieth streets.
, 1885-09-29

Hardware, stoves and unwarc, at Arp
X Conway's.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
CITY SCHOOL BOARD.
keenlar monthly ascerins-Sermal Sserss
for Graauascs-N New school -Bsildsnss.

heenlar monthly a1cerins-$ermai ssurss
for Grasuascs--N New srhssl- -Bslidsnss.
The regular monthly meeting OF the
City School Board was held at the High
School building. sos Marshall street,
on yesterday afternoon at 6 o'clock.
Present: Messrs. j. Taylor Ellyson
tchairmanl, William +. Drinkard,
j. b. Cary, r. I. Briggs. and I.
Wiley DAVIS; Z. N. Garnett. supcrin-
tendent; Charles p. Rady, clerk and
supervisor.
The Superintendent submitted his
usual monthly report, giving the con-
dition and workings Of the public
schools Of tins city for the past month.
Number Of principals and teachers,
1852; enrolment for the month, 6,955;
average daily attendance, 6.734; total
enrolment to date, S,285; capacity OF
buildings, G.674 percentage, 90 BIO.
The Superintendent also submitted
the following statement of percentage
OF final examinations, June. 1855 !:
Madison School, So; Elba, s5 5-l0;
Leish, SC; Central. So Gle: Bethel.
81 l-l0; Bellevue, S4; Springfield,
s5 4-l0; Baker, 81; Navy Hill, 81 /;
Valley, S5; East-End, So.
The Superintendent says that the
schools were all in good condition at
the close, and that the final cxamil a.
tons were very satisfactory and cre!i-
table.
The Superintendent recommended
that a years course of normal instrsc-
tion be added to the High School 10
tram such graduates as propose to fol-
low teaching for profession. The
suggestion was fayorably received. and
referred to a committee for examins-
tion and report. Ii Is proposed TO so
arrange aS that this course shall not
cost the system. but be self-sustaining.
The Board authorized its Building
Committee 10 proceed at once to select
sites and prepare plans and specifica-
tions for the erection Of school-build-
lngs IN the western part Of the city. so
that no delay shall be made in pro
yiding for the education Of the children
OF the city.
The school-census clerks appointed
by the Board, consisting Of Messrs. r.
". Flournoy, S. 7. Pendleton. George
L. Pace, II. g. Carlton, J. II. Peay,
Jr.. and Charles ?. Rady, have entered
on the performance Of this arduous
duty. They are required to visit every
house and take the names 6c., OF all
persons from one day old to twenty-one
years Of age. and also to gather great
many statistics for our State Board OF
Education. The school census is ex-
pected to reach 10000.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23

The correspondent Of one Of the len-
don papers. how at saakim, writes
When Lord Wolseley first assumed com
mand the question Of liqucr for b nsn
caused much anxiety. TIE regulation
Scotch and Irish whiskcy ISSUED by the
commissary department was too heavy,
and yet IL was necessary 50 give the
men q stimulant. An enthusiastic
American at Cairo suggested the use 81
DUFFY's PURE Malt WuIsETS,
headquarters Baltimore, Z. S. a, rs-
tailed by all reliable grOcers or drug-
gists. Having samples in his travelling
outfit. ii was found 10 be such preyer-
tive Of pneumonia, malaria. diphtheria,
and low feyers, that an order for :, 400
cases was cabled Immediately.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
Election of enseers.

AT meeting Of Old Dominion Lodge,
No. 4, Knights Of Pythias, held last
night, the following officers were elected
for the ensuing term Past-Chancellor,
Dr. William II. Ccggeshall Chancel-
Tor Commander, John u. Reynolds ;
Vice Chancellor, y. p. Murray; Pre-
late, Louis Cooper Keeper Of Records
and Seal. J. A. MeGilyray Master OF
Finance, o. n. Kelningham Master OF
Exchequer, John +. Cooke; Master
alarms, Joseph Engelburg; Inner
Guard, Charles a. Mason; outer
Guard. I. Francis.
I. j. Payne is District Deputy
Grand Chancellor. and ]. A. McGil-
yray is representative 70 the Grsnd
Lodge. This lodge-one OF the oldest
IN the State--is Oh the road to securing
its old position among her sisters. In
teresting declamstions, recitatIons. &c,
al the stated meetings are reyiying the
membership.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23

an alarm sent IN from Station "a, Ches-
apcakc and Ohio shops, caused by fire
beng discovered on the roof Of frame
house, No. lo07 north Seventeenth
street, occupied by Lucy Harris tcol-
oredl. The fire was put out before any
great damage had been done. The build
ing is owned by Philip Sheay. No IN
surance.
The alarm OF FIRE turned IN about s
o'clock last night was occasioned by
the partial burning Of the undertaken
shop Of W. II. Sutherland, on Eighth
street. The Fire Department respond
ed promptly. and the flames were socn
snbdned. Damages about s75.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
A Child Killed.

Yesterday afternoon. near the inter-
section Of Marshall and Seventeenth
streets, Robert Branch lcolored), aged
FIVE years, was run over and killed by
the Chesapeake and Ohio cs2 I'm
known 70 the train-hands. Brans b and 3
playmate were ON the rear part Of the
tender, and when the engine was started
the playmate Jumped off Branch
jumped little later, fell on the track,
and was run over and his head almost
severed from the body. Death was IN
Simultaneous.
Coroner Taylor went 10 the spot and
examined several persons acquainted
with the facts, from which he concluded
that the train-mcn were not 70 blame,
and he held no inquest. The remains
were turned over 10 the mother Of de-
ceased, who resides at sos Eighteenth
street.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23

the prisoner got cut Of The Other door
and fed. He hsa loosssed the hand
cuffs and made rapid fight. bat was
captured by policeman IslIsy % shs
foundation Of the old Fulcsn iron
Works. Burkmsn is now safely housed
IN the peniicDtiary-
A cclorcd man named James Monroe
was arrested near Lexington last week
for trying to dcrail the trains on the
Richmond and Allegheny road. He
was caught by cne Of the men OF De-
tective wren's force, Of this city, while
in the act Of placing Instructions On
the track. He was taken before JUS
tiee Kelly, Of Lexington, and sent on
TO the August term Of the County
Court.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
nenth Of = Missionary WIG.

a cablegram TO Professor Charles Il.
Winston from Rev. ". j. David, a
missionary TO Central Africa OF the
Baptist Foreign Mission Board Of this
city, brings the painful intelligence Of
the death Of Mrs. David.
Mrs. David was Miss Mamie W.
Bland, q niece OF Professor Winston
and daughter o. the late Rev. W. S.
Bland, Of Chesterfield county. She
married Mr.. David in 1879 and went
the same year 10 Africa. just year
ago she arrived with her husband IN
this country, having buried little son
at sea during the homeward voyage. In
February last she returned 10 Africa.
Her life as a missionary has been
devoted and successful, and her loss
will be deeply felt by the Convention
she served so faithfully. Mr. David is
bringing home his two children, one
about four years old, the other about
four weeks old.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23

A Mobile tAla.) special says: Lee
Irwin, popular young man, son Of L..
T. Irwin, proprietor Of the Cherokee
Cotton Mills, was drowned IN Hooper's
creek this afternoon. He died while
saving the life Of companion. A
number Of boys were bathing in the
creek, and one Of them, Charlie Camp
bell, got into deep water and sank once
OF twice. Irwin was the largest boy
present, and he swan 10 the spot where
Campbell went tdcwn and brought him to
the surface. Swimming with Campbell
heplaced him where he couldgrasp a sup
port. In this effort, however, Irwin
became exhausted and stranglcd In .
moment. His body was not recovered
for nearly two hours. Meantime the
father, who was out driving. was noti-
fed, xnd came 10 the spot. He brought
the body Of his SON home with him in
his buggy. Since the drowhlng of
Creagh Brooks, q member Of the same
family, which occurred just one year
ago, there has been NO event here
which has made 90 general and sor-
rowfnl an impression ss this.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
CANCER OF TONGUE
A CASH RESEMBLING THAT OF GENE
RAJ GRANT.

Some ten years ago had scrofuions sore
on my night hand which gave me great
trouble. and under The old-fime treatment
wGs healed up, and supposed was well.
found. however. 10 mad only been driven into
thA Evs,trn ~ the o se OF potash and mercu-
~. anc Vs @Srrh. esq. Il broke out In my
tnroat. az. oGnceEstsst TED IN what some OF
the doctors denominRteo cancer. was
placed unce- treatment for this disease.
some SIX OF seven OF the hcSi pnyssciaus IA
the country had me al different times under
their charge. among them three specialists
Ia this line. but one after another would
exhaust their skin and drop me. for grew
wore continually, The cancer had eaten
through my cheek, destroying the roof OF
my mouth and upper lip; taen attacked my
tongue, palate, and lower llp, destroying
tne palate and under lip entirely and half
my tongue. eating out 20 the top OF my left
eheeR-bone and up 10 the left eye. From a
hearty robust woman OF $50 pounds. was
reduced 10 a mere frame Of skin and bones.
almost unable 20 turn myseifin bed. cOnld
not eat any solid food. but suhsfsted on IL
guilds. aud my tongne wasfo FAR gone could
not ialk. The anguish OF mind aud the hoF-
rible sufierlngx OF body which experienced
never can be revealed Given up BY physi-
clans 20 die, with no ohope OF recovery upon
the part Of friends 10 sat around my b<1-
SIDE expecting every moment TO be nv last
IN TACT. my husband would place his hand
on me every now and then 20 see whether
l Was alive or not. and NJ one Time al de-
was reported ali over tbe co1ntrF.
such Was my wretcbed and he'll tpicscoDdi-
tlon the nrs1 OF last O1tDfdr flbs43 when
xay friends eofnmenced giving me- Swifts
specific. In less than month the ss.fiIIe
PAGES stopped and healing commenced. and
the fearful aperture In my cacek has been
closed and flrzniy knitted foretber. A pro-
oes< OF q new under iip ls progressing
fnely. and the tongue. which was ~
n1ost destroyed, Is bsfng recovered. and
II seems thai nature h supplying
o new tongue. ] can talk 30 that
nay friends can readily understand me. and
can sas solid food again. am able 90 walk
about wherever please without The assIsi-
aDee Of any one. aid hsse gained MY
pounds OF flesh. AL this. under the blessing
of mercifni Heavenly Father. is dine 20
swlft's specific. lam a wonder and . mar
have known my intense sunerinxs. and
have v,stted nae IN my Affiicts1nx. While
nfn not entirely well. yet ny gratitude h
none the ses. tievout. and am ronfidenf thai
q perfect recovery Is now IN xsRhl- II any
doubt these Escis. wouid refer them % ki1ti-
John r. Trzyior. state senator os this dis
frfcf. who a nay netghoor: Dr. 7. = Brad
fald. OF la Grange, Ga. or 10 any other per-
sons living IN the southern part OF Troupe
county 6a. MIS- MARY l.. CONFER
la GRAEGx, GA. May IA, 1885.
sold gy al dxuZKistx
Treatise ON Hood and skin-Diseasss
mailed free.
Cali on our physseszn No. i57 west Tween
ty-thirc street. New York Consultation
THE SWIFT SPECIFIC cokPANY.
seas-iv Dzwers. Atlantis. ga
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23

The trip from New York up the sound
10 Fall River, and thence by raii %
Boston is said to be = most deiighttdi
one.
The elegant steamers Bristol and
Providence, Of the Fall River Line, m
their accommodation end hsisdkone
appointments, arr not surpassed ~ any
steamship line on our coast. 1he
Edison incxndescent electric light -
used on these boats. The deccraticus
of the saloons, cabins. &C., are in good
taste. A fine band Of music Is sncthsr
attraction of the route. Yon stop st
Newport, the most fashionable watsr-
ine-place IN this country. AT fAli
River yon maxi, close connection, ss>er
a good nights rsat. with the Old Colony
Railroad line, with its gpiendid pArisr
cars, making short run 20 Bost a,
arriving there early IN the day. iir.
A. l.. Reed. the popular agent OF he
Fall River Line at Washington. ID. -,
is ready to give any irformsiioa.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23

Two special attrschoDs--a fall moon
and a Fischer grand piano. 1hc ssiP
tonight promises to be especially At
tractye for IN addition 10 the usual
inducements Of yoelker's band, dano-
ing. fish, crabs, and other refresh-
ments, there will be bonn fde full
moon and also Fischer grand upright
piano. kindly furnished by Aessrs.
Ryland 4 Lee for the use of passengers.
This fine instrument viii remain on The
Ariel permanently, and viii greatly
contribute to the enjoymen. oe her pas
sengers daily a. well as on these moon-
light trips. The success OF the % Tues
day moonlights," both as TO tho social
position of those who attend AMI taaa-
cially, is beyond any doubt.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
Police Court.


The following cases were disposed Of
yesterday
Eva Giles tcolored), charged with
petit larceny. Sent TO jail for thirty
days.
Sing Lee, concealed weapons. Fined
eco.
Joseph Meters. assault and battery.
Dismissed on payment of costs-seyenty
cents.
Wyatt Chambers and William
Brown tboth colored). unlawful tres
pass. Surety for their good behavior
required for six months each.
Alex. Mallory icolored), assault and
battery. Continued 10 to-day.
Sarah Harms tcolored), assault. Dis
charged.
Frank Miles tcoiored), charged with
petit larceny. Sent 10 jail for fifteen
days, with labor. Appeal taken to the
Hastings Court.
Philip Shae and W. II. Wood, fight
Ing in street. Continued to to-day.
Anna jackson and Mary Strange
Doth coloredj, fighting IN street. Fined
Is each.
Mary Twyrnan and William How
lett (both colored), disorderly conduct.
Fined s2.50 each.
Hilton Winston tcolored), disorderly.
Fined s2.5o.
Richard Dillsrd tcolored), drunk.
Fined e..
Nancy Allen icOlored), disorderly.
Fined $3.50.
Charles II. johnson and Charles
Franklin, drunk. Attachment issued
for both.
RoxanA Blake tcolored), drunk and
disorderly. Fined a.
John Nicholson, drunk on Sunday.
Fined e4.
W. I. Ballard and ]. A. Pate, drunk
on Sunday. Fined a. each.
Alexander Smith Icolored), drunk on
Sunday. Fined a.
John Peck, drank on Sunday. Fined
a.
Henry Kline, disordsrly on the
street. Discharged.
Frank Miles, running . cart ON the
street without : license. Fined e.
Susan Fisnsy, Mary Williams, and
Resa Hopkins ell colorsd), disorderiy
cnnaaef, Fined e soch-
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
MANCHESTER MATTERS.
wcrh On stresr Railway 60 BeEfn nc Once
sasss,on.rx ,sr,tfue--otner It~zus

werh On stresI Railway 60 Berfn at Once
Missionary sseetius-osher ssrms.
The project for building the street
railway between here and Richmond,
and thus linking the two cities together,
is being pushed forward as rapidly as
possible. Men have been engaged for
building the stables and the work on
them will commence at once. They
viii be situated on the vacant lot next
above Cersley's grove. on Hull street
above the Petersburg railroad cross
ing. Contracts have also been award
ed for other parts Of the work
and for part Of the materials, and the
remaining contracts will be made very
soon. The track viii be a single one.
except across the Free bridge, where It
viii be double. The work OF laying
the track would begin at once at Ninth
and Main streets in Richmond but for
the fact that il cannot be lAId on the
bridge until the bridge undergoes tho
rough repairs. From information re-
ceived from the proper authorities it Is
safe to say that the track viii be laid
and that the road will be m use within
the next sixty days.
A regular meeting Of the Missionary
Society Of the Bainbridge-Street Bap-
tist church was held Sunday afternoon,
with large crowd present. Pleasing
and appropriate addresses were made
by Revs. ". W. Landrum and William
II. Christian. The former took as his
subject " Ants lie told many
amusing, interesting, and instructive
things about the lives. habits. and
homes OF these little insects. and from
them drew lessons both Of morality
and religion. Mr.. Christian spoke
about - Contributing to the Good
Of Others and said that this So
ciety, which has for It's object
the education OF a ministerial student
at Richmond College, Is one of the best
and noblest ways IL which both male
and female, old and young. may con
tribute TO the good OF their fellow-men.
for through It they fit a man for the
exalted profession Of preaching the
Gospel and Of spreading the glad tidings
Of salvation. Both OF tine speeches were
good, well delivered. and very interest
ing. Captain Frank Cunningham was
present. and rendered several vocal Sc
lectiOns in his usually sweet and happy
style. The whole exercises were very
pleasan. and enjoyable. There were
several additions to the Society.
a meeting Of the City Central Com
mittee will DC held at $50 O'Clock
Thursday night for the purpose Of ar
ranging feI ward meetings or a mas
meeting fg- the election OF delegates
and alterLates 10 the Democratic Con-
vention which meets III Richmond July
29th.
Rev. p. Epps, OF the Presbyterian
church, preached at Ashland Sunday,
and Rev. John Wool filled his pulpit
here.
X regular meeting of the CITY School
Board will be held at the Mayors
Courtroom tonight.
The Hustings Court meets again to-
day.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
UP S,0Oo PEET.
nrrR pAKK Ann oAKI.ANp.

DEEk fAtth AND OAh@AANOs
on the cres: Of the kiieghenies within the
OF the Baltimore aud Ohio. No stage rides
or bus transfers.
Aii Limited Exprcs trains stop.
with the new and unparalled fast sche-
6ule on she baltimore and ONO rairoha
these lovely twin resorts are. beyond AL
COMPARISON, the most sdvRntsgeously To-
Gated both As 20 train service and SUI
roundiugs, OF any east OF the Rockies.
Leave washington after iate Dre&Kiasi,
arrive at Deer Pgrx for dinner Leave
Washington after hate dinner, arrive nj
Deer Park for supper.
Return trains are equally favorable :
Leave Deer Park sfter breakfast, arrive at
Washington for early dinner. Leave Deer
Park afier dinner, arrive at Washington for
early supper. There ls also Night Express
each way, making triple daily trains each
way.
and the Northwest pfn Deer Park and Oak
land Leaves Washington n 10 A. NJ. ar
r1ving IN Chicago next morning ~ e.53 A.
n; quicker than any other limited. Bal
timoTe and Ohio Limited for Cincinnati 81.
Iouis and the Southwest. Vtd Deer Park
and Oakland Leaves Washington at $50
p. NJ, arrive al Ctntinnati at 7:45 a. M,
four hours the quickest ST. Iouis a $50
r. NJ, an hour the quickest
Magnificent Trains Through W1tnOut
change. New Buffet. Sleeping, Parlor, Fam
ily-RoOrn, and DAY CO.. ches.
season opens JUNE 22D. No flies. no
mosquitoes. no hay-fever. no malaria
Deer Park and 0akland--the one being
but ak miles distant from the other. with
most charming drives connecting them
will De under the management Of Sir. W. J.
WALKER, who. IN his two seasons man
Rgement of Deer Park made many enthn-
siastic friends OF the glorious resort among
southern people.
Ar COMMUNICATIONS should he addressed
10 W. J. WALKER, Q1een-City Hote.,
Cumberland. Nd, up 10 June 18th, and
after that date either Deer Park or Oak
land. Nd.
Rates SEQ, f75. and SEQ per month, ae-
cording 10 location. Diagrams OF iioors ana
rooms Open 81 Baltimore and Ohio ticket
Offices 6le and 1851 Pennsylvania avenue,
Washington. or can be had upon written
request 10 Nj. Walker or baltimore and
Ohio ticket agents
The baltimore and Ohio Company has
spared no exp pense In rendering Deer Park
and Oakland the leading mountain res0ri
OF tine East. and for the season OF 1885 the
attractions viii be of character not hith-
ertO eQnRlied, and the cuisine OF both
houses unexeellec. The finest place for
i. 49,, a.. 81. ao,N lat IaQn
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
Virginia BIb,e Society

A large meeting in the interest Of this
venerable Society was held on Sunday
night in the First Presbyterian church,
presided over by Rev. Charles Minnige-
rode, j. D.. president. The audience
was composed Of the membership Of
most Of the Protestant churches Of
Shockoe Hill, and upon the platform
were Rev. Drs. Read. Hoge, Newton.
Edwards, Drew, and Rev. K. ?. Kerr.
The opening services were conducted by
Dr. Drew and Rev. Mr.. Kerr, followed
by al address by Rev. DR.. Edwards. Of
Centenary church. who dwelt IN a vivid
and striking manner upon the far-reach-
ing value of the Bible. At the close Of
his address the choir rendered a sweet
and appropriate chant, and Rev. DR..
Newton, rector Of Monumental church,
took the floor and made a grand appeal
to the people Of Richmond and Virginia
to stand by the Virginia Bible Society.
Rev. NJ. ID. Hoge, d. D., also ad-
dressed the meeting with his usual
power, and urged the immediate needs
of this Society, touching upon its past
history, calling TO remembrance the
burning OF the Richmond Theatre in
1911, and the effect that disaster had
ii turning the hearts Of the people from
worldly things to spiritual, and follow
ed soon by the formation Of the Virgi-
MIA Bible Society.
DR.. Mlnnigerode made the closing adj
dress, brief but impassioned and efiec-
tive, as a collection was then being
taken, which was no doubt augmented
by the ringing words Of the beloved
president.
The closing hymn was sung by the
congregation, standing, and the bene-
diction was pronounced by Dr.. Mimi
gerOde.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
A GgrfOus Bird.

Mr.. Archer, who represents g. ".
Davis. the photographer, IN this city,
sent to the DispatcL yesterday pho
tograph Of peculiar species Of owl
captured IN a steel-trap near Guinea
station. The bird has a face almost
exactly like monkey. The bird is OF
. very rare class, and how ii happened
to straggle into this part Of the country
IS remarkable.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
Didn,t Understand.

Two old darkies were resting under
the shade Of the trees in Capitol Square
yesterday, after having slaked their
thirst at the pure. clear hydrant that
stands at the corner of Twelfth and
Franklin streets, the water OF which is
supplied by a spring IN the Capitol
Square. They had evidently been talk
ing about the reservoir water and the
proposed filter, for one Of them said !:
- God knows l dunno wat dey want
wild a filter; dat water filte'er 'nufi
now
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1885-06-23
The "Arters" saturday -Night TstD
90 Gid Point. &C.

The excursionists who returned Sum
day night from this trip arc enthusiastic
in their description Of its success and
their enjoyment. The steamer LEFT here
last SATURDAY might at 10 O'Clock, well
laden with human freighf and accom-
panied by fine band Of music They
spent happy day al the seaside, and
arrived here Sunday night .; bedtime.
The main features OF these Saturday
night trips is that no time is lest from
business, and their cheapness.