The sun., 1885-06-21

mon animation. occasionsd By the addition
to Its usual population OF large body Of
citizens from the adjacentd districts. A discharge
from the company OF Washington artillery
ushered in tho day: and about 10 o'clock the
Alexandria company OF rlfemen with the COM
PAW OF artillery paraded In front OF the Presi-
dents lodgings. At IL o'clock ThomaA Jeffer.
son. attended by q number OF his fellow citi-
zens. among whom were many members Of
Congress. repaired to tho Capitol His dress
was. as usual. that OF q plain citizen. without
any distinctive badge OF office. He entered tho
Capitol under a discharge from the artillery.
As soon as no withdrew discharge OF
artillery was made. Tho remainder OF the day
was devoted to purposes Of fostivity. and at
night there was pretty general Illumination"
This report Of the actual incidents 10 reprinted
We arc told. from the Aurora newspaper OF
March II. 1901. whose evidence Is confirmed by
a book published In the Same year at Philadel-
phia. and which purported to present a faithful
description OF the installation proceedings.
We need not say that tho practise opinion
avowed and acted on By Mr.. Jefferson with
regard to removals from offlce In the civil
service has been q subject OF some con-
troversy. On this head Mr.. McMaster
quotes tho two tolerably decisive dec
larations In tho letters OF Jefferson to Giles
and to the merchants OF New Haven. In those
documents tho President stated briefly and
clearly his reasons for the removals he had
made. In the letter to Giles he laid down the
proposition that all civil offlaes hold at pleas
ure and filled by Mr.. Adams. after tho result OF
the election was surely known. wore to be con-
sidered vacant He etJcfferson) should not even
regard the holders as candidates. They should
be utterly overlooked. and without any notice
others named In their stead. Men guilty
Of official misconduct were likewise to
be swept away. as In truth they ought to have
boen by Mr.. Adnms Good mon were to be
spared: but not attorneys and Marshals. The
Judges. to a man. were Federal and irromov-
able. 1t was therefore for the public good that
the Marshnls and attorneys should be Repub-
lcans. They we're the doors OF entry into the
courts; tho shield OF the Republican pnrt of
the community" Mr.. McMaster deems 1t due
almost entirely to accident that the substitu-
tion Of Alexander ]. Dallas for John
Kittera in the post Of United States Dis
trlct Attorney for Pennsylvania has re-
osived much less attention than tho
removal Of Goodrich ifrom the Collector
ship OF New Haven. Tho latter Incident ex-
cited almost as much recrimination and tur-
moil as the allotment OF the Collectorship Of the
New York Custom House has aroused In our
day. In a reply to the New Haven remon-
STRANGE. Mr.. Jefferson set forth at length the
principle which governed him In dealing with
tho civil service. The author has culled out
tho pertinent and important passages. Ac-
cording to Mr. Jefferson. some declarations
by himself about political tolerance. harmony.
and the equal rights Of the minority had been
misconstrued into assurances that the tenure
OF office was not to be disturbed. Is this he
asks. candid? During the late Administration
ut nj NJ arti liar ork kof
politics. shut out from Officer This scot is now
In the minority. Does It still think tho mo-
nopoly Of office remains In his hands?
Do We violate Its equal rights to assert
some rights for the majority also Is
1t political intolerance to claim fair
share In the management Of public concerns?
Cannot these men harmonizo in society unless
everything is in their hands Tho will OF the
nation calls for IN Administration In harmony
with the opinions Of those elected. For the
fulnlment Of that will displscements are nec-
essary. and with whom can displacements
moro ilttingly begin than with placemen ap.
pointed in the last moments Of a dying Gov
ernment. not for its own aid but for It's sue
cessors' discontinued II due participation
OF Office is n right. how are vacancies to be
made? Those by death are few; by resigna-
tlon none. Removal was painful duty but 1t
was a duty. and as such he u Jefierson) should
perform It,"
Those who. even In our day profess to ind
some justification for the Sedition law. which
provoked tho Virginia and Kentucky resolu-
tions. will derive little satisfaction from tho
comments on that perniclous measure in the
book before us. No moro cogent proof could
be advanced OF the partisan and iniquitous
purpose OF that legislation than the fact
brought out with duo emphasis by Mr.. Nc
ncya hat Drac llnpa
the weapon OF his forging against the most
iiagrant Of transgressors. No ono who rends
the extracts here reproduced from the letter OF
Alexander Hamilton on the character OF John
Adams. published In October. 1901, will deny
that tho ARCH Federalist deserved. far moro
richly than any Republican journalist or pam
phleteer. to feel the rigor OF tho obnoxious
statute. On this point the author remarks
that. Had Thomas Cooper or James Thom-
son Calender or William Duane put forth a
pamphlet half rs savage. he would In few
days have been softly lodged in jail. And so
would Hamilton hnve been had the sodition
law been passed for an honest purpose. and not
to meet party need."
Among the topics ltreated with unusual full.
ness and vividness In this volume are tho lot
terry mania tho speculation In bank script tho
quarrel with France includlngthe Genet Incl.
dent. and the whskey insurrection. The his.
torical importance OF the last named event Is
rightly estimated by Mr.. McMaster. who Is not
blinded to its real Significance by Its prompt
suppression. For the first time In the history
OF the Federal Government. Its authority had
been defed. and its officers forcibiy withstood.
The question had then been raised. what would
the people do? Would the citizens OF one State
invade the soil OF another State. and with arms
In their hands reduce rcbellous citizens to
obedience to Federal law? Or would they
declare each State q sovereign. and leave tho
general Government to arrange such troubles
rs best 1t could? Tho response to tho PresI-
dents call for troops had forever put such
questions at rest" The uuick and loyal
answer to Lincon's call for troops In the spring
of 1861 was undoubtedly pretgured and In no
small degree determined by the reply OF tho
States Immediately addressed to q similar re-
quest from Washington in 1894
We have been able to convey only faint ink
ling OF the stores OF Information massed In this
interesting volume. but Wa feel certain that
the reader who shall enter for himself ON a