Seattle daily post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, W.T. [Wash.]) 1881-1888, 1885-07-16
rssGakss on ExeasKExIss M

rnilrnaas. bridass and tunnels Of tue an
ms. address o. she Presidents Of tbs
American Society Of Civil Enaiuesrs.
M. Ffedeysek Graf, at the Ists CONVEX
sion Al Deer Park. Nd. After spea&ine
Of st1a raFid progress nov made IN in
vsnsions and the arts, 30 that even 3
summary for 9 ssrgls year has interest,
although often. ~ 10 tie pas gear. no
new pfiaeipie might be dsveiopsd, Ar.
Graf said:
TIE progress made in Faiirssd con-
srrusti0n ia this country hss beso lesss
fhaa for several Yrss1oos pears; ths
number Of miles II new roads built, II -
stated. DID not exsssd LOO, upon about
lGs different roadis, peing an averages Of
% miles 10 eaah- This 10 less than N any
year since 1879
Thsrs has bsen ccnsidsrsbis advance
made 10 the rate ~ sprsd upen mest o.
the principal trunk lines; ve hsvs 80 re.
cord the fasest shsrt distance, ordinary
daily travel, made In the world 10 the
Baltimore 4 Ohio road, on the part OF
ifs line bstgeeza Baltimore and WASH
fRgtcn, wksre 9 distance OF 70 miles u
daily covered in 46 minutes, being an
average rate Of - Is miles psf kouf.
A speeA equally wonderful. whsn the
LINK AANtAskAN1 ~ HHNtEtA ~ $500 -
being daily accomplished upon tbs
Pennsylvania raiiFoad from Neg York
10 Chicago, distance % 9i2 miles; tbs
average running time made b little
over 3sj< miles per hour.
Prem table reosnlly Published We
isarn that the Pennsylvania read rnns
trains from New Ysrk between Jersey
Ctr and Germantown Ianotion. ~
miles. ct chs average rata Of - miles
per hour. The fastest Engiish Trains
Tor shout the saiHs distances sd miles,
are run ct the rate Of 471s miles per
boar. Upon tbs Frsnf,h roads, for runs
~ about tbs asfEs distances, the fastest
record ID ~ mi;Aa pes' hour.
By way Of eompaf5son OF the early
and prBssnt locomotives and speed OF
travel, the Baltiniore and Ohio railroad,
over whose traeka We iieye been brOught
% this spot, will afford good example.
The first looonnative bailt in this ooun-
sry % carry passsneens was contributed
b. the late Peter Cooper, snd con.
rneneed running In 1880. lie weight
vas less than oraa ton, drawing one ear
containing ee passengers, Is ska rate OF
Emiiss per hosir.
Today trains pass 0yer the rosla Of the
same company between Baltimore and
Washington a. she rate Of ssh miles
Ths last and hsayisHl locomotive bails
has Just been flniahsti by the Baldwin
works, Philadelphia, wsiehA about "a
tons, has 10 driving Wheels, afa capsc-
w 10 draw 900 tons up . grade OF lu1
fest 20 HE mile.
Cable roads for street tFaiiis are in
ereasinR in number and are nov "a use
In san Francesca, Chicago Detroit and
Kansas City. Several LINED are being
constructed in Philadeiphis the ger
srsI pisn whisil originated 10 San kfan-
cisco In 1873, uitn notifications 10 suit
she particular locality, ID the one usually
adopted.
The elevated road last completed In
Brooklyn il, I beiieye, the only one OF
thai kind finished during The past year.
The eantilsysr principle for long -epan
railway bridges % much in favor. IL is
believed that the FIRST Of any pfont-
nsncs bnilt upoH this arrangement was
erected under thu direction Of one 81 our
fellow members. over the Kentucky Fiy-
o.. ON the line OF the Cincinnaii South
era Railway. This has total length OF
Ills feet, and clear span Of 700 feet,
and was finished in the year 1917.
The Niagara uantileveF was 10 tested
during the year and llas shown remark
eble immunity from changes. giving In
creased confidence 10 lis stability and
the correctness Of the principles Of iis
construction. which have been 80 fully
eiucidated in the Interesting ard ysias
Bile paper recently read before the soci-
ETY. BY our fellow member Alr. @. Q.
Schneider.
The grandesl work OF this character
q the bridge now building over the
Firth OF Forth. Tbs construction Of a
bridge Of 70 stmna, t,go OF whish are Of
the enormous length In the clear Of
100 feet each, II certainly a most
formidable undertaking. TIE com.
prezsioa members Of the spans will
eonaiss Of tubes composed OF steel
plates bent 10 foFm and properly united
By II. beams they will cary IN diane |
tef from IL 20 q feet. Tbs tubular form, !
Of coprse, presents no novelty of prin- |
oipia, Il havinR bean used Ia the 80. |
Louis and other strustaras. bat the aixs !
u unprecedented. TIE large Iaefs con- |
sist Of four cylinders each, oil 70 feet |
diameter at the LEVER cutting edges |
they are SINK liy The pneamaiis systefn. |
Serious diliioullias have not bean en-
eouniared 10 shaking them 10 the derahs |
Of 6s 10 y feet. No nov methods are |
employed. and none that were not Hua-
cesafnlly used ak the Sr. Louis and tho |
East Rises bsidRea, and are 81 present |
followed Al the rev bridge bnildise |
Across The Susguehsnna at Havfa do |
Grace for the Baltiranse 4 Clio Rail |
road. differing, perhaps, only Ia she de-
tails Of air-leeks, and means Of ranloy- |
ing the exeavatsd earth aud supplying /
lie place with uonorele.
a oAntiisseF bridge has also been cem-
pletsd aeroM The ~. Johns River. 10
connect the lulsreol6nial railways with /
clear span 81 sT9 fess, uine f,set more |
than that Al NiAeafs. Falls. This cem
Pletes . limb whereby The lime between /
New York and Halifax can be shortened |
~ hears. ane will eventually Be the |
means Of reducing the trip from New |
York 10 Europe very materially.
The work of sinking the pier FONDA
lions for the bridge nov building at |
Hasfe de Grace for the now Afe IL the |
Baltiraofe and Ohio Railroad - bainR |
prosecuted with maah viaor, and pre-.
ssnte exsmplte OF the most advanced |
practice Ia the pae,imatic method ~ I
einkias eaiessnA This work Il. ~ ron 4
are aware. heiuR carried forward h3 i
members % our 6oeiaty.
The Tay bridge ID nov being huiit /
upon Improved plans and on q new
alignment. The rssnarce4 nov at the |
comunand Of puf bridge builders, naod- |
am improvements Ia The rasnefseture |
ef ateeA vith more reliable knowledge |
Or 10 powers OF endurance and resist |
nfee, make Il possible 70 ovefcema dsfii-
cnltiaa that within few years past |
wcuio have sien considered, II then |
rtopoaed. - Aiseoet nhzard.
II "a scarcely NECESSARY 81 poini onl /
how much hafI been ,sone 10 inerease The /
security Of susk structures. and rncdify |
their cpa1 By TIT now VERY eaharni nse Of /
Improved testing machines. these BE-
ianRine 10 the Government aud sunh a. |
are owned BY brides manufacturers and
otkera.
This society eau ss,ek with sAtisfsrfion
y ~ siioFts n inaaenesne and foster
ing TIE use oil RaaaA meama
Next IN ordnr b TIE TRANSPORT az rail- |
wass ever rivers eaeaee 10 BE- mentioned
the meens pf carrying teen under
etxeams and ttsreach noanfkias
81 tbs fofmNr the tnnnea under the
MerN,y, hetsesia LtseFpeol and Rixken.
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