Arizona weekly citizen., 1885-05-09
The Ya0uIs.
A Gusymas correspondent of the San Francisco Bulletin gives the following Interesting cossip in A recent letter.

A Gusymas correspondent of the San Francisco Bulletin gives the following interesting gossip iu 6 recent letter:
 The Yaluis hold the title to their land
 from the King of Spain and do not rec ognize the Republic of Mexico. No
 taxes or imposts are levIed on them. or
 if levied they have not been collected.
 They are a hardy, agricultural race,
 living on small patches of fertile soil on
 the borders of the Yaqui river. They
 steal stock when an opportunity offers,
 but have rarely in the last few years committed any murders. Cajeme, their
 chief, IS man of fair education for
 Mexico and stern ruler. He has abso.
 lute control over them. The two nations combined number over fifteen thousand, of which five thousand are adult males.
 Their principal arms are bows, arrows,
 spears and a thlee-cornered bludgeon
 made of ironwood. Some of the arrows are poisonous. They also carry a pow dered stone in small sacks, used by them to throw in the eyes of their sdverssries,
 which is sad to cause them to swell up and produce blindness. Cajeme has @ Royal Guard. the major portion of whom are mounted as cavalry and are picked men of the nation. There are said to be four or five hundred of them. The ex- tent of country occupied by them reaches along the nver some ninety miles, by an average width of twenty miles. Here are located their towns or puebloe, each having its Governor,
 Iu1.no ak, ha sn hA nhsaf They produce corn, beans, melons, pumpkins, etc, and raise quite a large number of chickens. goats, pigs, etc, all of which find market ID Guaymas. In fact the supply of wood, cane mats, oys- ters and many other articles of sale, in demand here at all times of the year, come from the Ysqui river. The trade of the Yaqui Indians with the port of Guaymas will average over $3,000 monthly. Most of thIs produce was ex- changed for goods and formed quite an item to the small stores of the town.
 HISTORY OF THE PRESENT RUPTURE.
 There gre two versions of the present open rupture with the authorities, one of which IS that II was caused by the of some of the tribe by Ca jeme and they ih retaliation attempted 10 assassInste him. The other is that it was set On foot and fomer ted by certain parties in authority for personal gain.
 TROOPS IN THE FIELD.
 At present the total amount of Fed eral troops at the front ndmbers some three hundred and fifty. with two brass slx-pounders, and two mitrail- leuses. Coniuined with these are also about six hundred and fifty State troops poorly armed, and hardly effective for | The whole are under con- | m and of Gen. w. Carbo, assisted by | Gens. Topete and Otero, the latter in | charge of the forces near Alsmos. Con- siderable cavalry have been ordered | from Sinalos, to come by the way of Fuerte, and intended to operate against | the MsyOs principally. The total force n the field, effective for action, may be stated Tn round numbers at twelve hun- fred. These troops are expected to over -un a country some ninety miles square. So far but few engagements have oc- 'urred, but in all of them the Indians lave taken the aggressive. The true tate of the case Is that the Government iovs not want to kill the YnquI for he YOU d be serious loss to the develop nent of the soil, and 1t IS hoped some may be effected whereby uch an event may be obviated. \ sec nd conscriptiUn Is now being made, as he first one failed to produce as many oldIers Rs were required, and there eems to be no chance of receiving Fed ral forces from the other States, owing artly, as IS stated, to the Guatemalsn flair. The main advance will be made rom "MIss' where the first attack Gf he Indians took place on the 2Ist of february, and joint attack is also to e carried on from Alsmos.
 AD SEASON FOR A MILITARY CAMPAIGN.
 No worse season of the year could ave been selected for this campaign, 8 the warm weather is now setting in nd water. so much needed, IS giving ut all through the country. Should hey determine to push on to the YaQui iver their position will be even vorse, 8 with SO small a force they are liable Q be cut of and their supplies captured y the enemy.
 The Yaqui of to-day is not the YaquI f siI or seven years ago. He has ad- Rnced considerably, and from those rho have been among them lately am informed that they have considerable rms. Their mode of warfare is d fer nt from general Mexican tactics, and akes the form of bushwhscking. None eny their courage, and for endurance [ heat, hunger and thirst they are su- erior to their foes.