davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

Hon. f. p. Roof speaks of the eff
feet upon the pea of land plaster-gyp-
sum-as wonderful, even greater than
on clover, doubling the growth, and
sometimes more No fertilizer / have
tried is so beneficial =" SO says an ex-
change. AS the best superphosphates
are fully one-third plaster (formed by
the union of the sulphuric acid used with
the lime of the bones), it is really very
odd that I" no fertilizer is so beneficial
as plaster" One would think that the
additional nitrogen, phosphoric acid and
potash would at least do no harm. We
use bone and ashes, and also super
phosphates, on peas, and could not ask
for better crops than we get. Undoubt-
edly peas require lime, and if it is not
present in the soil it should be given,
either as superphosphate of lime, OF
sulphate of lime-that is, plaster. We
prefer the former.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

EDITOR SAMUEL l.. BoARDMAN OF
the Maine Home Farm has been elected
secretary of the Maine Pathological So
ciety-a happy choice. Mr.. Boardman
is especially well-informed in horticul-
tural matters. He is doing good work
in stirring up the Pine Tree State farm.
ers to an appreciation of their own re.
sources. Maine should become the
greatest apple shipping state in the
country, for its fruit commands the toy
of the English market" So says the
Homestead, and so say we all of us-ex
cept the Maine Farmer, which gives
the event two-line notice.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01
Cutting off the Timber.

Only the other day we learned that
a leading farmer of our state had been
caught in blizzard in Dakota, when
going to his new ranch, and was after
ward found frozen to death. 1t came
like shock to all of us who knew him.
An intimate friend of his, a devout
man, knelt with his family that morn
ing, upon receiving the sad intelligence,
and thanked God that they lived in a
state far removed from these terrible
winds that come upon men like muir
derers in the night, destroying life and
desolating households. A few mo-
ments thereafter, he sent his men to
the little wood lot that had been pre-
served at the back of his farm, saying
Boys, have decided to cut it all off ;
/ can sell the timber for enough so that
the interest of the money will always
keep the house in wood, and what we
can raise on the land will be clear
gain" What strange inconsistency.
Thanking God one moment for condi-
tons which prevent billiards, and the
next, with AK in hand, doing the very
best to bring the blizzard to his door,
Charles W. Garfeld, in Vick's Magazine.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

THE impression generally prevails
that with an exclusive use of CONNER
cial fertilizers for a series of years the
soil will become heavy from the alb
sence of vegetable matter, such as is
applied in the form of coarse barn
manure. DR.. Lawes' experiments
show that land dressed heavily with
barnyard manure annually for forty
years is apparently in no better me-
chanical condition than where chemi-
Gals or commercial fertilizers alone
were used.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

EVIDENCE accumulates to show the
eXtravagant mismanagemento of the de-
partment of agriculture under the late
commissioner. One item of $22 900
expended for sorghum and sugar beet
seed has just been disallowed by the
first auditor of the treasury, and eX-
Commissioner Loring's bondsmen will
be held for the amount. His only re-
lief will be to appeal to congress, which
will result in a congressional investiga-
ton. This should bring out the true
facts of the case.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

THE genial Ben: Perley Poore, the
vast and various misinformation of
whose readable articles in the Cultira-
tor seems quite at home in that paper,
tells his readers that the tomato " orig
mated in Spain" The tomato belongs
to the botanical genus of the Solanee,
of which all the species are American.
The first names given to it by European
writers indicate that the plant was re-
ceived from Peru. The cherry tomato,
which is the original form, is found
wild on the sea-shore of Peru, and
northward through Mexico to Cali
fornia.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

NOT long ago the Cultirator reported
the discovery of tannin mine, In a
recent issue it announces that starch
may be changed into gelatine, and tells
how it is done. Glue will probably be
cheap after this. Pity the Cultirator
cannot supply itself with science
primer, since it cannot afford to hire
that high-school boy. 1t ought not to
take much reading to learn that tannin
is not a mineral, nor that vegetable
substance cannot be changed into ami
NAL matter, even by " steaming it,"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

WE are surprised to note that the
usually wide-awake and well posted
Homestead gives in to the absurd no
ton that alkaline treatment is cure
for sorrel; and, worse than all, that a
paper which not long ago admonished
us for our ignorance of chemistry should
tell its readers that sorrel contains
acetic acid The next thing we shall
hear of will be living plant containing
alcohol. In fact, sorrel must do so, be-
for it can have any acetic acid.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01
Washing and Ironing.

Family washing, 40 to 75c per DOZEN ladies' dresses
25c to S2 gentemens vests and panaoOns % to iOc
ladies' underskirs. zoe to 81 bedspreads Is to SOC
gentlemen's shirts, with collar and cuffs, les table
cloths to soc; pillow-shams, 25 to 75c; lace
tains, SOC to 81 blankets, 10 to zoe; All kinds of
clothing at low prices Give me trial and get good
satisfaction. Terms, cash ON delivery.
99tf MRS. l.. RODNEY, Montpelier, VT
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01
agricultural.

tR- This department is wholly under the control
OF the agricultural editor, T. H. HosKINs, MD,
Newport Vt, and he alone is to be held responsible
for the opinions herein expressed.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01
7 PER CENT INVESTMENTS

Iowa Mortgages on Improved Farms, not exceed
ing onethrd of the cash value of property, bearing
interest at six per cent and seven per cent semi
annually principal and interest payable at address of
owner. Also six per cent Iowa School Bonds on
hand and for sale. For particulars or information,
call on or address, j. W. BROCK or A. W. FERRIN,
Montpelier, Vermont.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

sale, though few cargoes of phos-
phatic guano are brought into New
York every year.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-07-01

thoroughly enforced laws, are quite as
big fools in our way as the rum and to-
bacco consumers are in theirs.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1885-03-06
WIT AND WISDOM.

The principal seasons illustrated \,
the roller-skating rink are ..fall'' and
"spring. '-EorrtsLoUn Herald.
Overheard at q street corner:
Can you change a one thousand dol
lar bill?" asked the plumber. mo.
I've no small stuff about me- replied
the depot restaurant Chicago
News.
First Glass in Geography: New
YORK School Teacher Which is the
highest mountain in our State?' Boy
:" sing Sing" Teacher" Why?"
Boy" Father went up year ago and
hasn't come down yet. y Beacon.
There Is such thing rs true. warm
love existing between man and wife.
and plenty of it in the world, too. The
little squabb,es and quarrels of matri-
monial life are only the >andpaper used
to keep love bright.-fGH Rirer Id
canoe.
For seven years New Hampshire
man made a circuit of half a mile twice
per day rather than pass powder
house. The other day he learned that
it had been empty for eight years.
Take care of your ignorance. and your
wisdom will take care of itself.
Edith: 80 you have an alto
voice, have you dear? and You would
Ike to know whether alto voices are
not very rare in comic opera? Yes.
dear. they are very rare; in fact, Edith,
most Of those which we have heard
have been almost raw.-Boston Post.
My. my. how that chimney
smokes" complained wife to her hus
band. 1T mi ht do worse. nv dear"
he replied, consolingly. I'D like to
know how why, you see. it mi ght
chew" A fall of SCOT stopped the flow
of conyersation.-Arkan Trdrsler.
Please, mamma. can go out to
play now9" NO. dear. not yet; it's
not suitable weather" Cant go if
I'll wrap up very warm'n put on my
rubbers. n" Mamma has said
no. dear; and You mustn't tease" A
pause; then in soft, wheedling tones:
please, mamma, mayn't tease you
Just once?''-N ELedger.
Morning darby "a. gentle
mans office) - Gud mawnin. boss.
IAN yer SiSt an ole man Ills mawnn,
sah:' Gentleman-Not this morning.
Charity begins at home. Night-Same
old darby lat gentleman house -Gud
evenir', boss. called at yer home fer
q little 'sistancc. 'cordin' to our prear-
rangemert dis mawnin', sah!'-N. T.
Sun.
-Studen. (holding up small, hard
Oh H.
fessor of Geoiogy-.'That is 4 semi
plastic slohuie of the po>t-pliocene pc
rod Student ii think you are mis-
taken. Professor" Prcfe>sor-".Ahcm,
Let look at it again. All. may be |
am m staken. " here d d you get it?'
student Il got it out OF 4 eooscberry
pie at my boarding-house. AeLcnsGn
IHdepcndcRl.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1885-03-06
CROSS-EYED PEOPLE.
The Peculiar Sensltiveness Which Usually
Accompanies the Infirmity.

The Peculiar sensltiveness Which Usually
Accompanies the Infirmity.
"You would think that a cross-eyed
person would overcome his sensitive
ness" but he seldom does. He broods
over it. 1t grows on him. He imaeines
that every one he meets thinks as much
about 1t as he does, and life loses all at
traction for him. Did you ever notice
a crOss-eyed man walk? No? / can
tell one rs far as can see him. 1t i'm
parts to his gait certain movement
peculiar to the whole class of cross
eyed people. But it is not altogether
bashfulness which causes him to avoid
looking person squarely in the face.
Ii he retains the power of sight in each
of his crooked eyes, as is often the
case. it would do him no good to look
the ord nary way. He would be very
likely to miss the object altogether
The lines of his vision would probably
cross a foot or so before the object was
fully comprehended. and all he would
see would be the faint and shadowy
outlines of pair of ears or the rim of
a hat The place where the face ought
to be would be dismal blank Many
bright features are ruined by this fear
full misfortune. Some sensitive victims
never pluck up courage enough to mar
~. They often become selfish misan-
thropes. grow stingy, and leave a fort
une for horde of straight-eyed rela-
tives who totally ignored them while
they were alive to fight over. Others,
with that natural yearning for the love
and sympathy which are almost uni
versally denied croSs-eyed men. take
what they can get in the matrimonial
market They spring at the very first
chance which offers. Thus often a
soulful, but cross-eyed, esthetie finds
himself joined to a loving. but unsym-
pathetic. helpmeet, whose ambition
rises above the kitchen and the laundry.
He loses his hopes, descends to the level
of his mate, and what might have been
a talented career is ended on a large
box in front of the corner grocery in re-
failing neighborhood gossip. Occasion
ally you find a man with sufficient
strength of mind to live down the ma
lign effects of strabismus and come out
a victor. When once 3 man has over
come his diffidence he becomes as bold
rs sewing machine agent. When he
is courageous enough to look woman
obliquely in the face without stammer-
ing an apology for having been born
he can fairly be said to be superior to
his misfortune. Such n man would
make a heroic soldier. Unfortunately,
there are few who can do this. The
ordinary man melts under the afflic.ion
like a cake of ice in July sun. ~.
]. Commercial advertiser
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1885-03-06
WINTER PRUNING.
The Right and the Wrong Way Of Prun-
ing Orchards In Cold Weather.

The Right and the Wrong Way Of Prun-
ing Orchards In Cold Weather.
An apple orchard which has been
well managed from the beginning.
needs very little pruning aft ,rward.
Needless shoots are rubbed OF as soon
as they make their appearance, with =
tenth of the labor required subsequently
for their removal with the saw. But
this timely work is not always per-
formed, and many trees have become
dense in their tops. 1t is advisable in
such instances to thin them moderately,
and gradually in successive seasons. 1t
is common to cut too much at time.
But greater fault is to thin the interi-
or and leave the outside as thick rs
ever. This mass of brush excludes the
sunlight, the twigs and leaves are small
and crowded, and As a consequence the
fruit is small and defective. The tree
being made taller by this treatment.
and the branches successfully run up to
a height, the fruit is more difficult 10
gather, and the windfalls are bruised in
falling. The proper course is TO thin in
from the outside. to let the sun in to
every part. Every portion of the head.
and not the outside merely, thus re-
ceives the benefit of the suns rays, and
the leaves and fruit have room to be-
come fully developed.
There are some details of the work
which can be learned only BY expert
ence and by observing the requirements
of trees OF different forms and habits of
growth. 1t may be observed. however,
as general rules, that the remaining
branches should be as evenly distributed
through the head as practicable, and
that the limbs be not run out in long,
bare poles, but sufficient side branches
retaine to give good general shape.
1t is well to remember that it is better
to prune too little than too much: and
that pruning can not be successful if
cultivation or top-dressing with man.
ure is neglected.
This operation in pruning, when re-
CURED, may be done any time in winter
in regions where there is no danger by
injury bv intense cold, wounds ALWAYS
trees more tender. But there
VIII commonly be little danger if the
pruning is quite moderate. as it always
should be. In very cold regions it may
be well to defer the work till the APP
proach of spring, but it should he al
ways done tesOre the buds swell. when
prun ng would check growth. The
wounds may be protected from rains
and decay with coat of paint.-Coun-
!ry Ge8tLeunn
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1885-03-06
USEFUL AND SUGGESTIVE.

"A furrow plowed through q wet
place in the wheat field will often save
an acre of wheat
Far prettier than the three initials
worked on a band for q gentleman
hat. is the newer fancy to make lining
for the hat of silk and to embroider the
initials on it.
1t has been proven by actual expert
ment that beets or turnips can be
raised. lifted and stored for eight cents
per bushel. At this cost they certainly
are profitable food for sheep.
The operation of blistering is very
severe one, and should only be per-
formed on a horse when absolutely nee
essary, and under direction of a skilled
veterinary surgeon.-N. Y. Herald.
The necessity of better conveniences
on the farm for taking care of the milk
and making butter is not sufficiently
appreciated. The best butter can not
be made without these helps, in the
shape of suitable buildings. ice house
full of ice, the best churns, butter-work-
ing and other necessary aids.-M E.
Farmer.
THE farmer is coming to the FROM
in public affairs. There's no question
about that. And he coming at very
fair pace, too. He ought to come faster.
He will come faster and faster. as be
becomes. through education, culture
and general intelligence. better and bet
ter qualified to assume control; to occu-
py and maintain himself in the front
rank. Our Country Home.
Horticulture does not receive the
consideration among farmers that it
should. There are many small crops
which pay largely, especially as they do
not require so much land as they do
close attention. Onions, potatoes. cab
bage, beans, etc, often pay handsomely
and bear transportation to any market.
where they will meet with the most
ready sale.-Sdn Francisco Chronicle.
"A wholesome dish for dessert is
made by soaking half pint of tapioca
all night in little more than half pint
of cold water. Put thick layer of
canned peaches in the bottom of pud-
ding-dish. leaving out the syrup; sprin-
kle sugar over the peaches, and then put
into the oven to become hot; add pint
of the peach-syrup to the tapioca, half
a teacupful of sugar. and as much
water as is needed to thin the tapioca
let this boil until it is perfectly clear;
then pour over the peaches and bake
for half an hour. When cold serve with
sugar and cream.-N Y. Pot
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1885-03-06
MANURE.
Cnlimited Exposure To the Weather Is
Highly Injurious.

Crlimited Exposure tn the Weather IA
HiShly Injurious.
There is some difference of opinion as
to protecting manure against rain, wind
and the exhausting effects of the sun.
Doubtless all these have an injurious
influence upon the manure heap. and it
is certainly true that without any
moisture at all from rain it will not be
improved. However this may be, We
are very certain that unlimited exposure
to the weather Will prove highly injuri-
ou. to the quality of the manure. y
leading farmer told Us some time ago
that he regarded the complete exposure
of the manure heap through the winter
and until it can be used in the spring
to damage it fifty per cent. In other
words, one load of well-protc led
manure is worth two of the exposed.
This seems almost incred bic, but it
may not be far from the truth.
There is no question that subject
which so vitality concerns the farmer aS
this one of manure. and causes him to
give 20 much attention to it, possesses
great merit. His straw is not TO be
sold, because it is to be converted into
manure. Articles that scarcely pay to
send TO the city are nevertheless hauled
there in order that manure may be
brought back Is I return load; and yet
tne whole OF tine manure gathered is
frequently al the season exposed to the
sun, wind and rain until it is greatly
diminished in yalue-one half, accord
ing to the opinion of our agricultural
informant. The trouble is that few
really believe that exposed manure I'M
dergoes this serious loss. Hence, in ar
ranging Acknowledgements We know
of many that are so arranged-it will
pay well to look as much to the
preservation of the manure as Of the
hay or grass; and those whose buildings
have no provision for this purpose can
not spend twenty-five to fifty dollars
better than in putting up shed undo,
which the manure may be protected
against those adverse influences.--Gey.
@antopn Telegraph.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1885-03-06
THE PITY OF 1T.

Parents should Make Their ChIldreurs
Lives Larger and Better. and Childrea
Should Honor Their Parents.
Education is certainly a good thing.
and it is good thing in parents to pass
toilsOme days in order to give the best
training in their power to the children
whose special providence they are
meant to be. And yet-and yet.
An intelligent girl of our aequaint-
ance half wished, not long since, when
she came home from the boarding
school in which she had been we'll
trained in all the ''ologies," that she
did not know the English language any
better than her parents.
IF he haint got nothin' of his own"
were the words she heard. How they
Jared upon her ear! They made her
hot and cold at once. Had her fathers
language always been rs bad as this?
OF course it must have been, only she
did not notice it before those years at
boarding school, during which she had
made friends with the Queens English.
'.If he haint got nothin' of his own"
her father was saying. with reference
to a young man who aspired to be his
son-in-law.
He has. at least. a good education"
Margaret suggested. with some spirit.
..Yes, yes, but eddication amt all.
I've known college-learnt men that had
hard pullin' to get their bread and but
ter. But eff you like him, Peggy, why.
l haint worked all my life without get
tin somethin' ahead to help you along,
eff pinch comes"
Margaret's heart reproached her
then. She looked ut the two true
hearted old people who were her
parents, and who sat there before her.
Yes, that was what they had been do
ing all their lives They might have
read and have given time and have be-
come more intelligent-only they had
chosen this other thing; chosen to work
for her. that she might have what they
had lacked in their young days; that
she might be well taught, and wear
soft raiment. and keep her hands white
and shapely.
And she-she who had never sacri-
feed one thing for any body; who had
grown like a fruitless flower in the
warm sunshine-she. indeed. had been
impatient with their verbs, and scorn-
full of their double negatives, and
secretly ashamed of them before her
schoolfellowS
Something seemed to choke her at
the thought. and with moistened eyes
she went up to them and tenderly kissed
first one and then the other, and said,
gently:
1T shall be As you say, father. III
you think Harry and 1 ought not to
marry without more money, we will
wait. 1t shall be just As you wish"
No, don't want that, he replied
II guess you'll have Your way now;
you pretty much always have; but
you're good girl. Peggy. and I'm will
in TO please YOU
And so he was; and it is right that
parents should make life larger and
better for the children God has given
them; but oh. the pity of it, when to
grow in knowledge, must be to grow
away from home!
And yet it is better TO be true-heart-
ed and magnanimous and unselfish.
than without these qualities. to have all
knowledge. Blessed is that child who
heeds the unqualified command Of Him
who possesses all knowledge: Honor
thy father and thy mother. "-Youths'
Companion