The Warner sun. (Warner, Brown Co., Dakota [S.D.]) 1885-1???, 1885-11-20

was laid by the importation of slav-
cry. The age doomed slavery, and war
was Inevitable" The South Caro-
linians impressed him as q highly cul-
tured people. Their farming and
roads were the best he saw in the
South, and it was the onlypart ofthe
the South where he found good maps.
Speaking of the final grand review at
Washington, the General says tEem men
of the Western armies marched better
than those of the East, the long
tramps of the former having been a
kind of drill. In passing Interviewing
stand the soldiers of the Army of the
Potomac cheered and swung hats,
thereby losing the cadence and their
military bearing. In the Army of the
Tennessee "the cadence was perfect,
while the robustness of the men and
their even, swinging gait were very
striking"
General Hazen gives a chapter to the
lessons of the war. The Importance
of defensive works for infantry was
understood long before the civil war
ended. At Chickamauga the work of
logs begun after daylight on the sec
ond day sufficed 20 defeat Folks corps
with comparatively little loss on the
Union side. Security of person gives
the soldiers composure and delibera-
ton. He aims carefully, ard fires at
his mark; while without cover he is
excited, seldom aims at all, and often
fires high in the air." The increased
range OF rifles adds to the Importance
ofthe protection. In differing troops
the Government must have a con-
slant regard for capacity. Merito-
rious conduct in battle should over
ride seniority In rank or any other
consideration. General Hazen's con-
victions on this subject arr thus ex-
pressed: ITO be a good officer, one
must first be a good man; and the
same qualities that fit one for other
vocatlons, such as intelligence culture,
mathematical training, and an ac-
qualntance with affairs make the
good officer. The old militia or
parade officers, soldiers of the Next
can war and show. brigadiers SO much
sought for at first, we're, as a rule,
utter failures, while the young men of
mark in all departments of civil life
nearly always succeeded as officers.
Men accustomed to the e~xactness of
the counting-room, and used to deal
ing with men in large concerns, like
railroads, rolling mills and manufact-
cries, could be counted on with most
certainty. In short, thegood, efficient
nan made a valuable and successful
officer. When officers are at last OBJ
tanned, a just bestowal of rewards
and punishments is a vital element of
success"
In equipment, General Hazen would
have the soldier freed every ounce
UNNECESSARY weight. When in Louis
vile, in 1862, a new regiment, the
Tenth Illinois, over a thousand s. r3ng,
joined his brigade. 1t had ''every-
thing in the way of equipment, in
Guiding the old-fashioned knapsack.
In less than three weeks six hundred
of it's men brokedown or the marches,
and few of them were ever able to re-
turn. The general would discard en-
tirely the knapsack, cartridge-box
and bayonet. The cartridges should
be carried in a looped belt, which dis
tributes the weight evenly around
the body. The overcoat or blanket
and waterproof ponchos ought to be
all the covering thas is carried, in adj
dition to the ordinary dress. The
bayonet proved SO useless in the late
wal that in the last year Gen. Hazen
did not replace those that were lost
in his command. Haversacks should
be madeof the best cotton duck, which
can be often washed, and yet will shed
rain. The present tin canteen, with
flannel covering, is satisfactory. Each
soldier should carry a light cup and
girddle. Tents are not a necessity
not even the shelter tents, a poncho
being sufficient. III a blanket is car
ried, the overcoat is superf1uous. The
intrenching spade should be light and
strongly made, to be slung to the belt
with the canteen opposite the haver-
sack by q spring hook at the handle
to be finished on one edge as q cutting
tool and on the other for driving. 1t
should have no relation to the gun.
In battle a great amount of ammuni-
ton can be saved and the execution
increased by each Colonel having
absolute control of the fire OF his regi-
ment. Firing by volleys General Hazen
found to beremarkably effective onthe
enemy advancing at the charge. De-
tails of fighting men for non-combat-
ant duties should be stopped. The
pioneer corps should be specially re-
cruited, and not be a drain upon the
best enlisted fighting material. Cen
eral Hazen says our armies had too
much light artillery, since casualties
seldom occur from it's use. He did
not use artillery at Fort McAllister,
as he did not wish to advertise his in
tentions by the usual canonade. The
great range of the latest small arms
places light artillery at a still greater