davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21
Farmers Must Feriilize.

Farmers Must FeTtil.ze.
Tue II1ger,town Mail, in spl
the partial fdlure of lie wheat
that seciou the past season, 9iy
Of the rels us the failure to apI
land, the requisite forti cation
what WIS taken from it, u
Farmers cannot 20 on from
year raising grain without putt
INTO the land tue ingrcdi nts NJ
to make the straw aud feed the y
ana to do this, artificial appli1uG a.
be used, now known as comfiea
fertilizers, the prolu.tion Of wlitha
become On Of the leading inIusts {
the country and which are now b
had from numerous reliable manufanre
and dealers. The only thing necear
Is for farmer, when he buys afell
ger, to see that he gets what will fer
lie To illustrate this need, says t
Mail. one of our farmers in the Clea
spring District called our attention
the yield Of the en,ire wheat crop on Of
ofthe highest priced and richest farms
that district There had been 50 acr
put ont in wheat and the Whole vie
was 275 bushels, or about 81 bushol
to the acre The land was thought
be rich enough .ithout fertIllzeTj al
none we're used.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21

Dinner at p. m, Supper at Is p. m. Ice
Cream and other Refreshments will be served
upon the grounds aug 2l-bt
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21

of Baltimore clothing is now selling at prices
lower than are asked lot ordinary road ~
made stock Acme Hail, 2os W Baltimore
Street.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21

for the benefit Of the Chckamuxen Methodist
Church. \ Professor Of Elocution will also
he present, and will give select readings. Re-
freshmcnts will he served during the evening.
The concert will begin at o clock Admis-
sion % cents. aug l4-bt
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21
CONCERRT.


TTE Mount Vernon Quartette Club o:
i Washington will give a Concert at
+, Spaid Hall, on
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21

A. H, Thomson, Esq, Milford
Station, Pa, says in the years 1873 and
1884 he used Fowells Prepared
Chemicals for wheat, and realized an in
crease of FIVE bushels per acre over land
where he used no fertilizer, and for oats
and buckwheat the result was very good
Address Brown Chemical Co., Balti-
more, Nd.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21
Festival.


THERE will be a festival at Pisgah o
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-08-21

Col. MoKiblin Of Marshall II,ll paid
lis respects to Us on Tuesday The
Colonel speaks eueouragingIy of his
Marshall Hall Enterprise and says it is
a decided success. We wish We had
hundred more Of his like
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
lfOlncSick.

John Williams, SON Of b. W. Williams
of Antrcvill", left this County for Flor,
ida some two years ago. He has not
found the place yet where the 'spicy
brcezcS blow soft" over Il healthy happy
land. Reports from him arc TO the
effect that he is without money, friends,
or work, and as if the sea Of troubles
ware not sufficiently desperate, there is
added another wave he is sick. He was
here n prosperous, hard working young
man. and we are assured that the fault
is not in him. He has gone to n Sickly
country he has incurred the peril and
disasters of an cmigrant he has expert
cnccd the homclcssncss and hopeless
ness Of Il stranger i'll Il strange land, an!
he wants TO get home. Young m>n OF
orr country phoHt by this lesson.
There is work enough here for an honest
living, and your State needs YOU. You
who are away come back. 1t is not toe
lStc.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
The Son of tho Rev. II. a Fair, OF
Nowbcrry Returns Home.

N~EwBERRr, March 7.-Adgcr Fair,
the son Of the Rev. II. a. Fair, who left
home on Friday last, and for whom dill
gent search has since been made, greatly
relieved his distressed parents by put
ting in his appearance last night about
half-past 10 O'Clock. AS was suspected,
he left here and went directly to Charles
ton, arriving there on Saturday mornin.
about 8 o'clock. He Mt once repaired
to the wharf and succeeded in cffectinc
arrangements to board n vessel for Liy-
crpool. But before leaving thoughts OF
his home and his parents came over his
eaAind and his courage failed. and he de-
clded to return home. He left Charles
ton on Saturday night and went to Flor
once. At that point his money gave
out and he walked home. lie left Flor
ence on Monday morning, arriving at
home last night. He says that tho pco-
pie along his line Of travel were very
kind to him and that he had no trouble
in getting plenty to eat.
1t is strange that he was not rccop-
nized and captured. for he says he ncvcr
pretended to hide or avoid being seen.
lie spent fully half day in Columbia
ON the streets, and though the police
were on the lookout for him he was no
recognized. His parents think that his
passion for a scafaring l:fc is scarcely
satisfied, and speak of. binding him to
n good sea captain and let him expert
ence one voyagc.-NeTs and IoMlIcr
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Annulnr Eclipse of tho Sun.

On the 10Th Of March will occur an
a%nnular eclipse o' the sun, visible i'll the
United States and British America. 1t
is the return of the a%nnular eclipse Of
February 18th, 1881. In 1881 the en-
trail line passed over Texas in Il North
casternly direction, being last visible on
this continent in parts Of Virginia ana
North Carolina. At this return the
path will be much farther North. The
eclipse will be annular over Il line from
Cape Mendocino, California, in latitude
40 degrees to Greenland in latitude II
degrees. 1t is estimated that the eclipse
WILDE annular over path about seventy
miles, wide. The only towns of conSc-
qucncc in the United States within this
belt arc Eureka, California. and BoZr-
man, Montana. At st. Paul the eclipse
will obscure iivr-sixths of the sun, but
will not be annular. At Chicago seven
tonths Of the sun will be hidden. From
Rochester, y. V, the observation will
be somewhat less, but sufficient to rem
der the eclipse Il most interesting event.
The eclipse will be %annular, because
the conc Of the moons shadow docs not
reach the earth. 1t will appear annular
1T those places nearly in the line of the
~ VI Ill SOliSFs IL VI sttitulNl tSttIDSC
II ring Of sunlight surrounds the moon's
shadow, the moon being at such 4 dis
lance that it does not cover the whole OF
the SUMS disc. Until recent years annu-
lar cclipscs have been neglected by as
tronomcrs but during the last one some
very important observations were made
by the French astronomers, rs i. is prob
ably that some effort will bcAadc to
observe the coming eclipse. As
will be made to photograph thc&EW,e
during its entire progress, if the: rTis
not wholly obscurrd by the clouds. The
event may furnish an opportunity to
determine whether the moon has any
thing like an atmosphere. As the sun
is likely to show a number Of spots
of considerable extent upon the date
Of the eclipse, it will be observed with
added interest.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
ADVICE TO

Are you disturbed at night and bro
ken Of your rest by a sick child suffer
ing and crying with pain of cutting
teeth ? If so, send at once and get a
bottle Of Mrs. WINSL0w's SooTurNG SYu-
UP o CHILDREN T%EETHING. Its value
is incalculable. 1t will relieve the poor
little sufferer Immediately. Depend up
on it, mothers. there is no mistake about
1T. 1t cures ~dyscntery and diarrhma, re-
gulates the stomach and bowels, cures
wind collie, softens the gums, reduces in
fammation, and gives Tone and energy to
the whole system. Mrs. WINsLow's
SooTHING SYRUP For CHILDREN TEETH
ING is pleasant to the taste, and is the
prescription Of one Of the oldest and best
female nurses and physicians in the
United States, and is for sale by all
druggists throughout the world. Price
rs cents a bottle. Say
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Com IllnnicatcI.

The citizens Of Abbevilie arc nnani-
nous in their opinion that we need i'm
mediate railrOn relief, but there seems
to be Il diversity of opinion rs to what
course to pursue. The WI projects
that are most considered are the Caro-
lima, Cumberland Gap and Chicago
Railroad and the connection with the
Georgia Central system at Vcrlcry.
These projects are not wanting in warm
and jealous advocates. 1t is to 10 hopcd
however that the friends Of one will
not push their advocacy to the extent
Of opposition to the other. The two
schemes are not necessarily antagonis-
tic. 1t is possible to carry on both to
successful competition. But if the
friends Of the Verdery line should place
obstacles III the way Of the Cumber-
land Ga project, is there not great dan
ger that Abbeyillc will lose both ? 1t
cannot be doubted that the Cumberland
Gap road is III a more promising condi-
ton now than ever it was before. The
report Of the Charleston meeting. which
appears in Il columns, justitics the be-
lief that within twelve months from to
day. the locomotive will be running
from Aiken to Abhcvillc. Is it wise
to do anything that would delay or pre-
vent the realization Of such II benefit ?
Let us not forget too, that Abbevillc in
voting a tax in behalf Of the Cumber-
land Gap railroad will undergo no risk
Of giving her money for nothing for it
is the expressed stipulation that we are
not to be called OIL to pay one dollar UNI
til the road reaches us in fact.
If all the towns along the proposed
route vote the assessment proposed, we
shall seewithin two months the ncccssa-
ry amount Of bonds negotiated to begin
the work on the road and insure it's com
plction to Abbevilc. IF VIC find our
selves mistaken and our hopes disap-
pointed, in that case Abbeville has lost
no money and the Nerdory project has
not been damaged in the meanwhile.
Any lukcwarmncss or opposition on the
part Of Abbeville to the Cumberland
Gap Road at the present time, would al
most certainly result in divcrting the
course of that Road from Abbevillc to
the Savannah Valley Railroad. The
Cumberland Gap Road will be built in
the near future. Anderson is alive to
tho advantage Of being on tho line, will
Abbevillc now miss her opportunity. If
many think that the Verdery route is
necessary for our relief, let that project
be advanced upon its own merits. But
for the good Of our town, for the success
of both projects, put down all feelings
Of opposition and rivalry between the
two routes. Each class Of advocates
can damage the efforts of the other con-
s~idcrably. the result will be, instead OF
the success Of either scheme and rail
road relief from any point, a complete
failure Of all efforts for railroad facili-
ties at this place.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
RJSENESS NOTICES.

elders pills arc the best.
Hills Ilcpatic Panacca prevents ma
laria.
Prepared Putty! Prepared Putty :! at
Speed 4 l.owry'S.
Fine Table and Hall Lamps at Us
Cotlran & Co.
Window Glass! Window Glass! :. at
Speed & l,owrys,s
Buy your Cigars avid Tobacco from
Speed 4 Lowry.
y variety of Fancy and Toilet goods
at Speed Il Lowry's. ,
Paints, Oils and Earnishcs at Speed
e Lowrv's.
Satchct Powders, the most delightful,
at W. $. Cochran L. Co.
Barley! Barley! Barley. Better
late THAI Hcvrr. DO moi fail 10 SOW bar
Icy. 1t will pay. No doubt about it.
lou can got Il pure article Of seed bar
ley from White brothers.
Mr.. Jason Simpson sells some of the
best machines. ever brough: to this mar
kct. lie recently sold US a White Ma
chine, that gives complete satisfaction.
1t is light running. simple Of construc-
ton. and durable. We can with safety
assure those wanting n machine, Of the
lnc qualities of the White. l7-tf
White BrothcS have now in store
more than one hundred cases Of Boots
and Shoes. They sell Ieiglcr's Ladies'
Shoes. which arc unsurpassed for fit,
style and durability. They also have
a large lot Of Mems and Boys Shoes,
made by the Bay State Shoe and Icath-
cr Company. Their goods have been
tested for several years and have given
universal satisfaction. ANY one who
buys n pair Of this make Of Boots or
shoes, always gets the worth Of his
money. oct LIT
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
~NINETY-SIX DOTS.

Our council mas three negroes en-.
ployed ditching the streets, two q
whom are bosses and consequently
only feel duty bound to put in hall
time.
Mr.. r. NJ. Anderson. Of Columbia,
formerly Of this place, spent W,dncs.
day night with US. Mr.. Anderson is
travelling in behalf Of the Columbia
Oil Mills, and selling a very fine fer
tilizer prepared by that mill.
The teachers of the baptist Sunday
School meet every Friday evening at
Rev. Mr.. Cartor'S, where they study and
discuss the lesson for ;hc iollowingS Sun
day, in this way the teachers are better
prepared to instruct their classes.
Look out farmers or Mr.. Nike Dcloarh
will get atr;;! Of yuu, he has about fiji
teen acres of corn planted. Lewis tells
Il Halle joke on Mike, he says, "hr is
the first to plant and til" first to get
out"
We think everybody in town, that
has Il garden, made Il start on Saturday,
and planted.
Major q is an Industrious fellow ;
makes no difference how soon you pass
his house he is digging in the garden.
We think the Major would make Il bet
ter gardener than Il merchant.
We would like to know whether Lass
or JEFF has seen the sun rise since
Christmas.
We think MIR j. \. Moore would
make Il graceful byciclc rider, for he has
caught the mack of diSmounting one.
The young folks had a hot supper at
DR.. Bozcman's OH Friday evening.
Mr. NJ. Richardson, returned from the
Exposition Saturday he Says hat there
is much TO be seen and learned. bv one
visiting New Orleans.
The horse traders are becoming
alarmed, for this section is about to be
overrun with norman colts. McsSrs.
J. G.. Stuart and DR.. T.. S. Blake both
have fine half norlnans.
Mr.. II. j. Kinard keeps up his stock
Of furniture. and continues to present
bills to the II. II. Co. for over charges
We learn that negro child about six
years old was burned to. death last
week on DR.. Blake; plantation near
Coronaca.
We do not advise young lovers, to
leave their love letters lying around in
the skating rink, especially if she has
gone back on him, and her name is
Carrie.
Never lcnl a road ovcrScnr n birdie,
if you do you will have to buy your
self Il new one.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Fruit Trees.

The undersigned is the salesman of
the Richmond. Va, Nurseries, the oldest
and largest in the South. The trees
from these nurseries are native to our
climae, and therefore better able to
stand the first summer, and are hardirr
and in every respect more desirable than
any others. They are warranted to be
all that they are represented. Orders
solicited. Il. l.. PEATr,
March 11-2t Nincty-Six. S. G..
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Watches, Clocks md ,JcwcIry

Nix. II. ID. REESE, of Abbcvlllc, is prepared
TO do all manner of repairing of Watches,
Clocks and Jcwclry, and will pay all express.
charges on work sent to him from stations on
the &. and & road. He ALWAYS keeps in stock
n handsome line of Jcwclrv and Plated War.
at moderate prices. Send in your orders
Address, II. d.. REESE, Abbcvillc, :. c..
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
n. T.. Rogers,

Wholesale dealer in Corn, Flour, Meal, Mca :,
Hams, Lard, Bran, Salt, Molasses, Sugar,
Coffee, Rice, Soap, &C., will deliver goods at
any point on railroad at hbbcvillc prices.
Before buying always ask for prices, AS VIC
have advantages that few up-country mcr-
chants have. . ~. E.. ROGERS.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Drainage Notice.

NOTICE is hereby given that all Land
~ Owners aud all Persons having
lands leased for n term of one or more
years, are required by law to remove
from the running streams Of water upon
their lands or the lands in their posses
sion, Except Hard Labor and Wilson
Crecks,) all trash, trees, RATS and tim
Der. during tho months Of March and Sep
tcmbcr. in each year. IL case of neg
lect or refusal on the part of any Of
said persons to comply with the re-
quircmcnts of the law in this regard.
the County commissioners will, upon
proper complaint being made to them,
proceed, as they are by law required.
JAMkS \. McCORD,
WILLIAM RILEY,
w. Il. COWAN.
County Commissioners.
March 1-4t.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Application for Homestead.

MnTiCE is hereby given to all persons
"a Interested as Creditors or other
wise, that Mrs. G.. T.. Kurz has made ap-
plication to me to leave IL Homestead
set off to her in the real estate and per-
Sonal property Of the late Jacob Kurz.
deceased.
j. G. KLUGlI, Master, A. c.
March hit.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
REFRESHMENTS at the palmetto.

Thomas McGettigan, Of tho old relia-
BILE Palmetto Saloon, invites his many
friends TO give him n call. during Conrt
week. Tho Palmetto Saloon is well
stocked with Garst- class refreshments.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Revenue Officials and Their Salaries,

In a-convcrsation with Collector Bray
ton yesterday he stated to Le- EHGe4yi&LL i,
reporter that Tiers is ma term to his
office, and with a Republican Scnste II
strong fight might he made over The con
firmation Of his successor. The salary
of The Collector is 1920. lie has one
deputy with Il salary of $1,4OO two dep
utics at 1920 each ten deputies at
$l.lW each one clerk ut *l.2W: one
clerk at 5000, and thirty storckccpcrs,
who receive ~ per day when on duty.
FIVE storckecpcrs only arc employed at
present. The term of office of the post
master in Columbia expires in May.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11

nON'T FORGET. we have a modern
- swift running power press. new
typo, ruled and blank paper, envelopes
and eards-so bring in your printing.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Mortgagee's Sale.

E(l virtue of the power vested in us
~ in 4 certain mortgage executed by
Young & Napier, we will offer for sale
to the highest bidder at Abbevillc c. Fl.
S. T., on SsleIay in April next:
All that store house and lot in the
town of Troy, lately occupied by w. II.
Nanier-25 feet by 100 feet, bounded by
lands Of II, w. Lites, and others, and
Broad Street.
GEO. II. SIBLEY & co.
March l1-4t Mortgages.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA,
l. ABBEvILLE COUNTY.
In Common Pleas.

Jcmima Dukes against II. NJ. Spikes.
Pursuant to the order of the Court, bearing
date January, 1885, I will sell at public
auction, at Abbevillc Court House, on Sales
Day in March next, the following real estate,
near Ninety-Six, known as the Dukos Tract,
to wit: That Tract of land, situate lying and
being in said State and County, containing
TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY-SIX ACRES,
(256) acres, more or less, on waters of Salu.
da River, bounded by lands of Madison Rich
ardson, Robert Calhoun, Estate Of Richard
Watts and othcss.
Tcrms-Onc-half Cash--Balancc on nine
months, with interest, secured by bond and
mortgage of Purchaser. Purchaser to pay
for Papers.
NJ. L.. DOMAIN, Jr, Master.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
"HE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA,
A%BBEvILLE County.

1--WE STATE oF SOUTH CAROLINA,
ABBEvII.LE County.
Probate Court.-Citatinn for Letters of Adj
miniStrati0n.
BY j. FULLER LYoS, ESQ. Probate Judge :
Whereas b.. Barnwcll has made suit 10
me, I" grant him Letters Of Administration
of the Estate and effects of JACOB kurz, late
of Abhcville County, deceased.
These are therefore to cite and admonis Ii all
and singular the kindred and credit ors Of the
said Jacob kurz, deceased thst they be and
appear before me-, in the Court of Probate, to
be held at Abbcville &. H., on Monday, Feb
rnary 23rd 1885, after publication hereof at
ii O'Clock in the forenoon, to show cause if
amy they hayc, why the said administration
should not be granted.
Given under my hand and seal, this SOW
enth day of February, in the year cf our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty
five and in the l09th year of American indie
pcndcnce. Published on the eleventh day of
February 1885, ir the MESSENGER and on the
Court House door, for the time required by
law. j. FULLER LYON,
Judge of Probate Court.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11

A fresh lot Of Citron, Currants, Nuts,
Candies. Apples and Oranges just 70.
-ceived at Speed & Lowry's.
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
APPORTIONMENT
OF THT
Public School Fund
FOR 1885,.

TNllE following is the amount of money ut
Il the disposal &c the Boards of Trustees
OF the several School Districts in Abbcvillc
County for the year 1885.
Section l0O2 of the school law provides
that the School commissioner "Slall annual
ly, ON the first day of February, or rs soon
as practicable thereafter. arportion the in
come OF the County school fund among the
several school districts of his County / pro-
portion to the average number OF pupils at
tending the free public schools in each dis
1 rili -
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
NASTER'S SALE.
A. j. Salinas 4 Son againS. ". G.. Griffin,
agent.
Foreclosure.

BY virtue Of an order of sale made
IN the above stated case on the 18th dav
of February, 1885, ! will sell at public outcry
ut Abbcrillc c. IT., S. c., on Salesday in
April next, 1888. within the legal hours Of
sale. the following described property to wit :
AL that certain lot or parcel of land, situate.
lying and being in the Town Of Bradley, in
the county and state aforesaid. thirty feet by
one hundred feet in dimensions, more or less.
and bounded on the N"rtl, by the A.. & X. L..
r., on the East bv lot of W. !. Gritin. West
by lot of David Thomas, South by lot of
Nv
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11

ID virtue Of Sundry attachments and exc.
- BUTTONS to me directed in the above
stated cases, | will sell TO the highest biddc,
at public auction ut Abbcvillr Court House,
ON Saturday the 2lSt day of March, 1885, the
following described property, to wit
The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, 1885-03-11
Sherif's Sale.
Sundry Attachments and Executions.

Francis Murphy, Robinson Bros. Robt. j.
1vey, ct. al, Plaintiffs, against w. X. What
Icy. Defendant.
The weekly Floridian. [volume] (Tallahassee, Fla.) 1867-19??, 1885-04-09

The startling intelligence of the burn
ing of Aspiuwall, or Colon" and the de-
struction Of vast amount of property of
American citizens by the Colombian an
archists, called on our government for
prompt action, and the Administration in
stantly responded by ordering to the 18TH
mus whatever of naval force the Republi-
cans had left to the country for immedi-
ate duty in such emergency. This force
consists of five war vessels and about
thirteen hundred men and officers, and is
sufficient for any occasion that may arise
for the present, and is show of strength
which may do away the necessity of it's
increase when demand is made upon the
Colombian government for reparation of
the outrsges that have been committed
upon its soil At Panama, at Aspinwall
and elsewhere in that country, our
citizens have been subjected to fire.
quent insult and bodily injury and
have suffered great pecuniary loss, and
the Colombian government has been
powerless to defend them, and, it would
seem, in some cases Indifferent as to their
fate and their rights. These wrongs
have not all been of recent occurrence,
but for some time past have ap-
pealed for the interference of our govern
ment, which, we presume, will now en-
force respect for our flag and protection
under it.
Aspinwall was fired by rebel chief
named Preston after fight there in which
he was defeated by the Colombian regu-
lar troops, and forced to abandon the city.
The destruction was almost complete, but
three or four houses escaping, and ten
thousand people are homeless. The value
of destroyed property of citizens of the
United States is said to be more than
fOnr million dOllarA