Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1885-03-31

used Tor Suoh work comes from Gne nl1IaS
fat and unruled, and costs from 12't0 60
cents per pound. The first named price
is for that used for the common class Of
books, such as dray books, and thels atter
is the price Of paper used for leagers,
RULING PAPER BY STEAM.
The fat paper as it comes from the mills
is sent from the stOck-roOm in such quan-
titles as may be required for the work in
hand fit has to be ruledit is placed'in
the hands of the ruler. The ruling is~donas,
by machinery. The ruling machine, at
FIRST glance, bears a resemblance to an old
fashioned high-pCSt bedStead with the
foot posts shortened. 1t is filled with
rollers, bands and cords. A long, endless
cloth, passing around large wooden roll
ers, is the bed, as it were, upon which the
paper is ruled. From this cloth the pa
per, after being ruled, passes to a series
of endless cords, which carries the sheets
thrice the length Of the machine and then
deposits them in a box, one on tUpEOf
another. This paper is carried this greaGj
length in order to give the ink an Oppor-I
tunity to dry so that it wlil not blOtWhen
it arrives at its place of exit. Thei
ruling machine is driven by steam, ansEi
the sheets are fed or showed under ~
roller by girl, who is called feedeSs;
the paper passes to the endless cloth as+i
ready mentioned, and then under tHe3
ruling pens. These.pens are
THIN PIxCEs-oF BRASS DOUBLED
so as to leave a channel in thea
centre through which the ink passes
to the paper. Pieces of flannel are spread,
over the top Of the clamp.in which tha3
pens are set and fastened, and satura%;
ted from time to time with ink, which
thus soaks gradually through sthe cloth
to the openings in the top of the pens
The clamps which hold the pens in posse
ton are so made as to permit-of their adj
iustment to any width OF ruling that may
be required. A patent arrangements
manipuiates this clamp, SO that it riseal
and falls at the proper time to ''strlkeSes
the heading-that is. not rule that pAgt
OF the paper which is sntended to be lele.
blank. There are three ruling machines
in the MORNING NEWS bindery. Two Of
them are run by steam and one by hand
power. One of these machines, it is said, I
an rule larger sheet of paper than7any
other this side of Philadelphia.
MAKING a BLANK BOOK.
From the ruling machine the paper, At
the book is to have printed heading, Is
sent to the pressrOOm, where, the neces-
sary form having been set up in the COM
posing-room, the heading is printed. 1t
is then returned to She bindery.
The sheets are folded or
doubled I'D into "sectiOns0 of G..
to 10 sheets each. These sections are
then put in a press, screwed up tighG
and the backs ''saWed" so as to allow the
book to be sewed. The sewing is gen.
erally-done by girls. In sewing. or more
properly binding, blank books, pieces
of p2rchments are used, and the sheets or
sections are sewed to them with strong
thread made expressly for such work.
After being seWed or bound
the book is turned over to
the ''forwarder,' who puts on the paste
board sides, trims the edges and grounds"
the backs. He Also puts the Ieathera0n
the backs and sides. 1t requires
SKILL, PRACTICE AND PATIENCE
to make q neat job. A blank book:
has to be handled, and the leather
manipulated at the same time and
made to fit snugly in every corner.
It seems almost impossible to DO it, at.
least without "mussing up" the pages.
Glue, paste and ink are all near at hand
to spoil the dainty pages which are to be
the bO0k-keepeF's pride. The binder
must therefore be very careful how he
handles his big job, as the least blemish
may ruin not only his work, but that al
ready done by others. From thehands Of
the ''f0rWaT6er0 Is passes to the ''pager.o
There are three paging machines in the
bintfeTy,
ALL AUTOMATIC IN THEIR WORKINGS,
One numbers from 1 to 10, 900, and is used
generally for paging blank books, not that
there are ever 10000 pages in book,
but because it's figures are large.
This machine can be also used for num-
bering any other class of work. The two
other machines number from TO 1000, 900,
or, to be accurate, up to 999, 999. The
latter machines are to number checks,
drafts, railroad tickets, ETC., and will du-
plicate q number three to four times autos
matically.
GLIDING AND ROLLING THE BOOK.
When the blank-bOok has been Epaged"f
it is turned over to the ''fnisher." He Isl
the man who uses all the small tools in al
bindery. at his right hand he has fur
mace
GLOWING WITH LIVE GOALS.
He heats his rolls and stamps, and with
his practlced eye and steady hand
the brown ornament stiOn on the sides{
of the books come forth under the influ-5
ence of the heated rollers. He care
fully puts the gold-leaf on the places
that are to bear the title of the book and
applying the heated type, the name stands
forth IN bright, golden letters. His work.
is not yet done, however. With hoGi
burnisher he brfghtens UP the leather
unbl II Su1u0S d6 IL u6N6I EuOHG U6lONSNs
A few touches with ''glaze," which is tha3
white of eggs with an ancient smell, and
the big book is done.
The process which has been thus briefly
and imperIectiy described takes always
days, and of6entimes weeks. Making a
large blank book is necessarily slow
work. After the book leaves the BINDERS
hands 1t should stand several weeks before
it is used, so as to give it time to
dry, for it has been dampened sew
eral times-gently, it is true, but still,
enough to make the paper
SENSITIVE UNDER THE PEN.
The paper has had ink ruled upon it, ard
a liberal quantity of paste and glue has,
been used in binding together in q flexible
but solid mass what was once plain fiat
sheets of paper.
If the book is-a printedw ork, such as this,
'ELife of Commodore Tattnall," ''The His.
toricaI Record, - 'EWilde's Summer ROsetS,
or any of the other numerous publications.
which have been issued from the MORNc
ING NEWS presses, the progress is sorasDS
what similar, only that thousand b0OEs
or more are going through the same PROF.
cess at one time. OF course such bOOka,
have not to be ruled. The sheets are printed
in forms of s to Is pages and then folded.
The sewing is done On 'Ebenches," thaei
is, six to dozen books are sewed in on8
lot on Irvine, and then separated into
books. The forWarder manipulateS the "a
in the same manner as a blank book
though much more rapidly. The finishcE,
brings into use the large steam embOSgipA