davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-09-11
Baltimore Horse & Carriage Bazaar,
Nos. So, 65 and 81 N. Calvert St,
oRHosIIE CITY sPRHM&

NFEAkILE CITY hRALaz8
4 LOTION sales every MONDAY, WEDNEs-
Af DAY and SATURDAY, at l0ll O'clock,
precisely, OF Horses Mules, Carriages, Wagons.
bueeies Harness, HaIters, Brides, Saddles,
Blankets. &c. Large stock Of Horses, Car
riaees. Bnggies, Wagons, &c, Of every descrip.
ton with Harness, Lap Blankets, &c, con-
stantly on hand and at private sale at the very
lowest market prices. am now selling New
Ton Bugcies from s55 up to $3.50; New Ex-
press Wagons s55 to 500. New Harness from
IS to sos. Give me call before purchasing
elsarybare THOMAS Z. PARLETT,
Auctioneer and Commission Merchant
dssn i5.lV
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-09-11

no YOU WANT TO MAKE MONEY RIGHT
- NOW? Ministers, teachers, ladies, and
young men, in fact all classes, can procure
PROFITABLE EMPLOYMENT, during all or
any part ofthci7 time, by addressing %. y.
JOHNSON Il co, 1918 Main Street,
Richmond, "a, who give SPECIAL TERMS
on MOST POPULAR and FAST SELLING
BOOKS and BIBLES at lowest prices.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1885-09-11
IaURSfOH'S PEARL Pearl IOylAPO#DGR

hats Com lst an 1 values with Pockct.
NH "a nonh $ombined 3 samples 25c Ri9
n ~ n hhipney Tor agents Combined r. cket
~ - = DOCK TO-, . New (hurch & NJ -
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
A Great Year for Chewing Gum.

This is a great gum year in Maine,
especially on the PenObscOt, and now
that the sun is climbing up into the
north little and the lumbermen are
coming out, the air is fairly red0lent
with the perfume of spruce. The logs,
knees and bark are not the only valu-
able parts of the great timber tree, for
the gum is worth considerable, even IN
its rough state, just as 1T is hacked
from the crOtches of old trees. There
are two or three firms in Bangor which
buy large quantities of it from the lum-
bermen and gum hunters for the pur
pose of refining it. as they say. But
as general thing the refining consists
in adulteratiOn with resin. They throw
it into "a big kettle, bark and all, and
boil it to about the consistency of thick
moiasses, skimming the impurities off
as they rise to the surface. Then if
the purpose be to adulterate, some lard
or grease and lot of resin is added,
and in some cases IA little sugar. The
mixture then becomes thicker, and, at
ter more stirring, is poured out on Il
slab, where, while it is yet hot, it is
rolled out into IL sheet about quarter
of an inch thick, and then chopped
with "a steel die into pieces hall an inch
wide and three quarters of an inch
long. These pieces are wrapped in
tissue paper and packed in wooden
boxes. There are 300 pieces in box.
Some gum is treated in this way with
out adulteratiOn.
The best gum comes from no partlc-
ular locality, but always from the big
gest trees The doctors up here say
chewing gum benefits the teeth. The
lOggers, in their many idle hours 10y
the campfire, whittle out miniature
barrels from blocks of cedar or white
pine, hollow them out, and fill them
with the choicest gum the woods afford
for gifts to their sweethearts, children
or friends VIXEN they "cOme down" III
the spring. Others, who go into the
woods for gum alone, bring down big
bags of gum aud sell it to manufac-
turers of the improved article. Up here
adulterated gum is called patent gum.
i Now York Sun
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Fastest Train in the World.

Some Over-confident Englishman
boosted few weeks ago that "The
Flying Dutchman" train, from London
to Liverpool, was the fastest in the
world. But they soon found out that
they were mistaken. The Pennsylva-
MIA Railroad Company sends II train
out of New York at nine o'clock every
morning that beats the time of the
"Flying Dutchman." Considering the
distance covered, it is the fastest train
III the world. When the carewOrn
business man journeys from New York
to Philadelphia, Chicago or st. Louis,
he finds in the parlOr cars of the Penn
sylvania Railroad luxurious home on
wheels. AS he is being whirled along
at the rate of sixty miles an hour or
better, not Jolt disturbs his serenity.
The rails rest on "A bed ballasted with
solid rock, and the joints are made
with ii kind of chair and tsh-plate, of
the cOmpany's own make, that cause
the miles of the track to be as unbrOken
us one iOintless rail. There is no dust,
little noise and not Il cinder. a few
weeks ago there were put on number
of new parlOr cars finished ut the com
paDy's shops at Altoona. Instead of
fitted with five bay windows on each
side, each about seven feet wide. The
passenger can look up or down the
road for miles without leaving his seat,
and the new windows admit twice as
much light as the old ones did. The
cars are somewhat larger than the old
style, and are divided into main sa-
loon, ladies' bOudoir, smoking room
and retiring-rOOm Recently the en-
tire running time between the Atlantic
seabOard and the great Western cities
has been reduced. On the nine O'Clock
morning train the time to Chicago is
twenty-fOuI hours to Cincinnati,
twenty one hours, and tn St. Louis
twenty nine houIs, with a correspond
ing reduction to other points. This
speed is maintained without the slight
est danger to the traveller. During
the war of rates which began last
winter the Pennsylvania Company
alone maintained its rates. Beginning
May p, though, it fixed the fare to
Chicago at is. To ST. Louis at $40. aud
to Cincinnati at SI4, with correspond
ing reductions to other points, New
York World.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Progress of Cheap Postage.

Many of our older readers can re-
member the old letter rates of 25, lSa,
l24, 10. 81 cents, according to distance,
for each scrap of writing or of paper
under seal, sent through the mails.
If a note, no matter how brief, was en-
closed in an envelope, double postage
was required. If a sheet or scrap OF
paper was enclosed in another 1T made
double postage. These high rates of
course restricted correspondence. Let
tiers in immense numbers were sent by
private parties, and all kinds of tricks
and receptions were practised to de-
fraud the government OF postage.
Notes we're written on margins of news
papers, which were carried in the mails
for one cent, the saving, except IN
cases. of discovery, being considerable.
The letter rates of from st to % cents
were in force from 1916 till lS45, when
the rates were reduced tn five cents
per half ounce for distances less than
300 miles, and to ten cents for greater
distances. The newspaper rates were
still exOrbitant. A paper measuring
over 1900 square inches was charged
magazine postage, % cents for the first
ounce, and one cent for each addition
III ounce or fraction of an ounce. BOnnd
books were unavailable. -.
Since IS45 the rates have been quite
! frequently reduced, but it was not till
/ 1868 that the postage on all domestic
| letters was made uniform for all parts
of the Union, and placed at three cents
| for each half ounce or fraction thereof
and that newspaper postage was great
| IL reduced and made uniform. Modi-
| fications lessening newspaper postage
were again made in 1872 and in 1874,
and in 1888 letter postage was reduced
to its present rate, two cents, which
/ has now been further lessened by dOnb-
/ ling the weight that may be carried for
single rate of postage. Newspapers
and periodicals mailed by private indi-
viduals are to be sent at the rate OF
one cent for each four ounces. The
pOstoflce officials estimate IA heavy re-
duction in revenue from these rednc-
tions but the people like cheap post
age, and they welcome the change. -
! Burlington Free Press.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Late Hours.

The habit of writing and reading
late in the day and far into the night,
''fOr the sake of quiet,n is one of the
most mischievous to which q man of
mind can addict himself. The feeling
of tranquility which comes over the
busy and active man about 1890 or L
o'clock ought not to be regarded as an
incentive to work. 1t is, in fact, low
ering of vitality, consequent on the ex-
haustiOn of the physical sense. Nature
wants and calls for physiological rest.
Instead of complying with her reason
able demand, the night worker halls
the 'feeling" of mental quiescence,
mistakes it for clearness and acuteness,
and whips the jaded organism with the
will until it goes on working. What
is the result ? Immediately, the ac-
cOmplishment of task fairly well, but
not half so well as if it had been per-
formed with the vigOr of "a refreshed
brain, working in health from proper
sleep. Remotely, or later on, comes
the penalty to be paid for unnatural
exertion-that is, energy wrung from
exhausted or weary nerve-centers I'M
der pressure. This penalty takes the
form of nervousness" perhaps sleep
lessness, almost certainly some loss OF
depreciation of function in one or more
of the great organs concerned in nntri-
ton. TO relieve these maladies, spring
ing from this unexpected cause, the
brain worker very likely has recourse
to the use of stimulants, possibly alcO-
hOlic, or it may be simply tea or coffee.
The sequel need not be followed. Night
work during student life and i'll after
years is the fruitful cause of much I'M
explained, though by no means mex
plicable, suffering, for which it is diff
cult, if not impossible, to find a remedy.
Surely, morning is the time for work,
when the body is rested, the brain re-
lieved from its tension, and mind pow
er at its BEST Lancet.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Postage Stamps.

Some things are so common that few
apprehend the ingenuity and labor re-
quired to make them. Postage stamps,
for instance, are in everybOdy's mouth,
except the wise ones, who use wet
sponge, but scarcely anyone knows
how they are manufactured. In print
ing them steel plates are used, on
which two hundred stamps are engrav-
ed. Two men are kept hard ut work
covering them with the cOlOred inks
and passing them to a man and girl,
who are equally busy printing them
with large rolling hand presses. After
the small sheets of paper upon which
the two hundred stamps are engraved
have dried enough they are sent into
another room and gummed. The gum
used is peculiar composition made of
the powder of dried vegetables mixed
with water. The paper is also of IA
perfect texture. After having been
again dried, this time on little racks,
which are famed by steam power. for
about an hour they are put between
sheets of pastebOard and pressed by
hydraulic presses, capable of supplying
Il weight Of two thousand pounds. The
next thing is to cut the sheets in half +;
each sheet, of course, when cut, con-
tains hundred stamps. This Is done
by girl with a large pair of shears,
cutting by hand being preferred to that
of machinery, which method would de-
strOy too many stamps. They are then
passed to other squads, who, i'll as
many operations, perforate the sheets
between the stamps. Next they are
pressed once more, and then packed
and labelled and slowed away in anOti
er room, preparatory to being put III
mail-bags for dispatching to fill orders.
fla single stamp is torn, or in any way
mutilated, the whole sheet of one hun
dred is burned. About five hundred
thousand are burned every week from
this cause. For the past twenty years
not single sheet has been lost, such
care has been taken in counting them.
During the progress of manufacture
the sheets are counted eleven times
I Scotsman,
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
The Great Bartholdi Statue.

The new wonder which arrived in
New York last month on the French
transport lseTe, is the largest statue IN
the world. Some idea of its magnitude
may be obtained from the fact that
forty persons found standing room
within the head. A six foot man stand
ing on the level of the lips only just
reached the eyebrow. While wOrkmen
were employed on the crown of the
head they seemed to he making IA huge
sugar caldron, and they jumped with
ease in and out the tip of the nose.
Fifteen people might sit round the
flame of the torch, which elevation can
he reached 10y a spiral staircase within
the Outstretched arm.
The London Daily News in speaking
of it says: at is ont and away the
largest statue Of modern times. The
Colossus of Rhodes was nothing to 1t.
1t could carry the Bavaria or the Her
mann in it's arms. 1t towers to the
skies from the yard of the Rue de Cha
Zelles. where it has been eight years III
construction, and the view from Its cor
onet sweeps clear of the six story
houses and beyond the walls of Paris"
The weight of this stupendOus statue
is 10000 pounds, of which 100, 900
pounds are copper and the remainder
wrought iron. 1t will be erected on
Bedloe's island, this being the location
selected for it by Gen. w. L. Sherman,
who was appointed by the president to
make the selection. When placed in
position it will loom up 305 feet above
tide water, the hight of the statue be-
ing 1912 feet, that of the pedestal 81
feet and foundation -. 10 feet.
This imposing statue, higher than
the enormous towers of the great
Brooklyn bridge or the steeple of Trim
ity church, in fact, than any of the CO.
lossal statues of antiquity its rare
artistic proportions, AS well us by its
stupendOus dimensions, will add anoth-
er to the wonders of the world. As TO
the artistic merit, the pose, stride and
gesture, with its classic face, are pro
nounced perfect !; the drapery Is both
massive and fine, aud in some parts is
AS delicate aud silky III effect as if
wrought with a fine chisel on the
smallest scale.
The conception and execution of this
great work are due tO the French
sculptor, BarthOldi, who has devoted
eight years of his life and most of his
fortune TO this great work, and whose
generous impulses, which must be on
scale commensurate with this noble
work, prompted him to make such
gift to the United States.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Civil Service Reform in It's Prac
teal Operation.

In an article contributed by him to
the July number of the North Ameri-
can Review, Hon. Dorman b. Eaton
makes a short and comprehensive
statement of what "'Two Years of Civil
Service Reform" has accomplished in
the way of eleVating the public service,
delivering it from the rule of partisan
politics, and making merit and efficien-
cy rather than party service the test Of
preferment. In his opening paragraph
Mr.. Eaton incidentally states his Opin-
lOn as to who and what We're defeated
in last years presidential canvass:
sit Is one of the curious anomalies
of politics that party whose members
of Congress, seeing that the old system
was doomed, had the wisdom to sur
render their long cherished patronage ;
that a party whose last president, COM
pretending the strength of the reform
sentiment, had the craftsmanship to
enforce the merit system with fidelity
that Il party which had in its ranks
much the larger number of the infiu-
entail friends of refOrm-that such a
party should first trust itself, in a
doubtful struggle, to a leadership that
cast suspicion on that policy, and at
fronted that sentiment, and should
then fail to demand the advocacy of
that policy before the people until al
most the day of election, when tie de-
lection of its adhereuts had become
alarming and it was too late to recall
them. l have conclusive evidence
that the republican national committee
entered the canvass intending to make
the civil service reform issue prOmi-
nent in the debates before the people !;
but over confidence in leadership seems
to have embOldened them to silence
about what they did not relish, until
the too late speech of Mr.. Blaine in
Brooklyn. There never was q clearer
case of defeat through too much faith
in management and too little in the
higher sentiments and in fidelity to
principle. The leaders favored a re-
form only under cOmpulsion. The
strength of the reform sentiment was
greatly underestimate. 1t was not
believed that voters would repudiate the
candidates rather than the principles of
the party"
From the day when the result of the
election of 1884 was finally declared
we have steadily held that it was its
candidates and not the republican par
ty that was defeated that it was the
politicians, and not the political prin-
ciples for which the party had contend
Ell for thirty years, on whom the people
had put their stamp of disapproval.
To us it was patent that those republic
cans who stubbOrnly claimed after the
election was over, that the canvass had
proved the candidates "the strongest
that could have been nominated"
made ii fatal admission, and we are
glad to have confirmation of our view
from SO high a republican source as
the author of this article Brattlebo-
no Phoenix, (republican).
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Joe Went Fishing.

Joe Forshaw has invented totally
new style of sport. He started on
Thursday for Bluff Lake to catch bass,
croppie or any kind of fish, but met
with no success. There were plenty
of fish about, but the fall of six feet in
the water caused by draining, had dis
tnrbed them, and do what he could he
failed to get them to feed. Wandering
along he came to a shallow which was
simply alive with snakes, mostly the
water nocassin- For fan's sake he
dropped minnow among them, and
fonnd il taken greedily. The snake
fought gamely, but was caught and
landed. and the question then arose OF
how the hook was To he extracted.
Stones and a club at last settled the
snake, and the hook and gut as well.
The battle, however, had been "A good
one, and Mr.. FOrshaw, Oliver Twist
like. piHed for more. He therefore FIX
ed up three hooks in a gang, and pro
ceeded to Snatch more snakes scien-
Casting beyond big fellow.
he would jerk the hooks toward it,
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Child Killed by a Fowl.

A remarkable fatality to Il child
year and 8 months old has just been
Investigated at Little Hempston. On
Friday the deceased was taken out by
"a neighbOr's child, and almost imme-
diately WAS heard to cry as if in great
pain. The mother rushed ont and OBJ
served a large game fowl standing up-
on the head of her child, who was lying
upon its back in the road. 1t seems
that the child had pulled the tail of
the bird, which had Immediately turn
ed upon it, knocked il down and struck
it saFagely three or four times in sue
cession with his spurs. The post NOR
TEN examination showed that the spur
of the fowl, which was two inches in
length, had penetrated the child's skull
behind the left ear, aud all efforts TO
save its life were unavailiDg-[Liver
pool Courier. ........
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09

was a turning point, and kept me from
going to the bad. ! want to- tell you
all about it, because Is so glad you
did"
'Do, Katy"
"Well, you know how mother and
Amy died of smallpox, and come to
the city where wages was better, so l
conld pay the bills and yOu know how
| went to church aud Sunday school,
and nobody ever spoke to me. Well,
/ got dreadful lonesome and down
hearted, and was half sick, too, and |
didn't care what did become of me, and
| thought nobody else did, now ma and
Amy was gone.
"Well.r she continued, after con-
fused pause. "about this time some of
the girls and their fellers in the res
taurant asked me to go to one of their
low dances-and they is low / know
by what I've heard 'em tell. Once |
wouldn't listened a word to 'em, but
| was so clean discouraged | partly
promised I'd go the next week. Next
Sunday was the day you spoke tn me"
(Mrs. Berry we'll remembered it,
though little dreaming its consequences
were so ar-reaching.) ooh, | can't
tell YOU how it sort o. strengthened me
and give me heart to persevere III be-
ing respectable, aud that night told
the Teller as asked me wouldn't go
with him. And when you called and
was so good to me, / just dropped 'em
, altogether. Twas just your kind
word that saved me, Mis- Berry, and
can never thank you enough for it,
said Katie, weeping.
''Then in the strange providence OF
God that word has been the means OF
saving this household" replied Mrs
Berry, deeply impressed by Katy's
story
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Vermont Governorship Gossip.

BrattlebOrO Cor. Springfield Republican
Already the press and the politicians
are beginning to talk of candidates and
combinations for the gOvernorship next
year in connection with the left hand
ed flank movement to defeat Senator
Edmunds. 1t is surmised that LAWYER
j. X. Batchelder of Bennington county
Is grooming for a close race with
Lieut-GOv. Ormsbee for first place.
with Judge Hugh Henry of Chester
for second place. Ormsbee has the
advantage OF precedent, which has
generally been recognized in this state.
that the Office of the lieutenant COVER
nor is virtually a stepping stone to the
governOrship. Batchelder, however.
is supposed to have the machinery SO
potent in making and unmaking
candidates III his favor, aud unless
there be some sort of amicable com
promise before the time arrives for Sc
lecting delegates, the political wool
will be likely To fly on the west side of
the mountain and perhaps the east
side aspirants for the second place will
be ready to take hand. Windham
county Is supposed to contain at least
two men who are willing TO be politi-
calIy shefved, and to sacrifice autici-
pated minor hOnOrs in order that the
state may enjoy the benefit of their
recognized executive ability Wind
sor county, consequently, will neeessa-
rily have to be vigilant in its efforts
for Henry, in order to suhgert the
pressing demands upon other locali-
ties. III. c. Ide of St. Johnsbury is nm
derstood to- he willing to serve as Col.
OT1n sbee's lieutenant, though there are
other ambitious inen ready TO measure
steel with him in the field All in all. |
next years campaign promises TINS
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09

and catching it foul, had plenty of fun
with each before it was landed. His
dog, big mongrel of very low degree,
helped out the sport. AS one of the
early takes was jerked out, the dog
seized it by the middle, and in return
it embraced the animal by the ear.
The cur sang pen and ink for some
minutes. but carried to close the con-
tract il had undertaken, aud killed the
snake. The owner waited some time
to see the dog swell and die, but the
snake bite seemed to act on it as tom
ic, and when the sport was resumed it
appeared to enjoy the same immensely,
and even developed highly ichthyopli-
agous tendencies. The fun was car
ried on until quite q good sized basket
full of snakes had died the death.
Mr.. Farshaw is IA rigid temperance
man.-[St. Louis Republican.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1885-07-09
Hints for Housekeepers.

TO spoil steak. Fry it.
A good meat for tramps.; cold shout
der.
Cut warm bread or cake with a
warm knife.
To spoil pancakes. bake them on a
lukewarm griddle.
To spoil IL breakfast, grumbIe ALI the
while you are eating.
TO spoil potatoes, let them lie and
soak in water after boiling.
Fish may be scaled much easier by
dipping into boiling water abont a
minute. o..
To spoil bread, use poor -four and
sour yeast and let it rise until too light
and it runs over.
A tablespoonful of vinegar in the
pot will make tough meat or chicken
tender.
Ifyou wish to pour boiling hot liq-
uid into Il glass jar or tumbler it can
be safely done by first putting spoon
in the dish.
Don't you know that vinegar will
clean the isinglass in the stove doors
| - Good Housekeeping.