The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1885-10-30
TWO OPPOSING THEORIES.

Nation as we'll as when administered by
tue State.
TWO OPPOSING THEORIES.
The two opposing theories were mani.
tested in every question, great and small,
that appeared in the politics of tho first
half century, though even Mr.. Jefferson
exercised what he thought was an uncon.
stitutionsl power in the acquisition OF
Louisiana, and Miiison approved the
bank bill aud the high protective tariff,
and Monroe asserted the highest national
power in respect to foreign affairs. The
result OF the first half century was to es.
tIbiish the principles OF john Marshall US
against those Of Thomas Jefferson, and
nothing disturbed this tendency until the
question Of slavery unfortunately became
involved in party politics, when the
interests OF slavery induced the South
ern leaders, John 0. Calhoun at the head,
to seek to cripple and limit and mar.
row the powers Of the National Govern.
ment, and extend the power Of the State
and lccal authority. il was upon this de-
viding lins between National and State
authority that the civil war was fought,
and it ended by the abolition OF slavery,
and should have bsen followed by the
abandonment OF the doctrine which led 10
the contest, 30 that now it may be said In
theory, IL not in practice, the doctrines ol
John Marshall are the established princi
plea Of national law, while the Democratic
party still adheres to the old theories, and
still seeks to bellttle, to limit, and to Grip,
pie the powers OF the National Govern
ment as to many OF the great and neces
sary objects Of National policy.
There is no longer any ground for jeal.
ousy OF national authority, because the
commerce between the States Is today as
near to Ohio as adjoining counties were tc
each other fifty years ago. The States
have increased in such numbers, dis
tributed over a vast region Of country, that
the possibility Of injury to any State by
national authority is too remote to b:
feared. Therefore it is that whatever
might have been the merits OF the opp0s
ing theories OF Marshall and Jefferson
certain it Is that now the interests Cf Vlr'
ginia should ha on the side Of strong
national government instead Of q Weas
one, should be in favor Of national au
thority rather than OF local authority, aud
the largest possible development oil inter
nal resources consistent with the revenue
Of the United States.
poernIHa OF PRrEcTIoS.
So on tho doctrine Of the protection o
American industry which lsnow becoming
a chief question Of American politics. The
Republican party plainly and strongly an
nounpes its purpose to protect all forms o
American industry, no! only OF the work
shop but Of the farm, by levying duties or
foreign goods that can be manufactured Of
produced in this country. The object O.
this policy is that our people may be in
duced TO mEnafaOt4Fa at home every arti
Gle essential to American lilo aud INDUS
try. We insist that this policy strength
ems our country, makes it more inde
pendent OF foreign nations, that the la
boring men employed in manufactures
furnish the best market for agriculture
products, nov consuming line.tvelithI
OF oil the surplus products Of the larm
Wealso insist that this policy glVos employ
ment to capital, enables manufacturers Il
pay more wages to the working men EN-
ployed, aud projects them from sharp aud
undue competition With foreign labor
while home competition in time reduce:
to tbs consumers the price Of the article
More than this, we claim that the protec
tive laws tend TO develop the natural re-
sources OF our country and the pTodgptior
OF the raw materials OF industry In oul
midst, giving employment to tens Of thou
sands Of labGEipg men in every State pos
sessed OF tho treasures nl iron or coal oil
other minerals. In this respect alone, the
policy OF protection will, in few years
doubiO the value OF lands OF Virginia, give
sctive and profitable employment to al
the laboriug men in II, ,indaco tho reGama'
ton Of millions OF acres OF land now e4
hausted by culture, set at work the enor
nous water power Of Virginia, cause to b'
established as near as practicable TO yonl
coal aud iron, the furnace, the rolling mill
aud the innumerable manufactures baseC
upon theproximity ot iron and coal, WOO
and cotton.