Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1885-09-24
THE STATE AT LARGE.
AMERICAN poMoLoGIcAL SOCIETY.
The Twentieth Biennial Meeting Held in
Grand Rapids.
SEPTEMBER y.

which editice was Handsomely decorated
with flowers and plants and presented an ex-
cellent appearance Back of the rostrum was
a solid background of geranium leaves with
the monogram "a. p. 81 lastly arranged In
yarlegated colors. Other small pieces also or
namented the interior of the church.
Secretary j. W. Beal of Ann Arbor called
the meeting to order, and announced that, the
venerable president, Marshal T. Wilder would
be unable to be present, because of his adyanc-
ell years. The frosts of 50 winters have
whliened Mr.. Wilder's venerable
head, but In spite Of swiftly passing years he
takes an active interest in genealogical research.
Besides sending regrets his interest was shown
by 100 varieties Of pears sent by him.
Mr.. Barry of Rochester, one OF the Oldest
pomologists in this country, was elected Vice
PRESIDENT, and assembled the rostrum amid
hearty applause from the delegates. Mr.. T.
T. Lyon of South Haven, President of the
Michigan Horticultural Society welcomed the
American Pathological Society In short adj
dress in which he spoke in the highest terms of
the benefits which Michigan people would de
rive from the meeting and hoped that it would
not be the last time they would meet here.
He considered Michigan fruit societies among
the first in the country.
Mayor John l.. Curtiss also addressed the
meeting, reviewing the growth OF the city dur
ing the past fifteen years, and welcomed the
state and city guests most cordially.
Nice-Presdent Barry expressed thanks in
behalf of the society and spoke very hattering-
ly of the growth of the second city in the
state,
j. b. Angel, President of the University Of
Michigan, was next intro duced, and he in be-
half OF the pomologists of the state and the
state, welcomed the association most cordial
y. He expressed great regret at the inability
OF President Marshal Pinckney Wilder to be
present, owing TO the intirmities Of old age.
or the progress of the association and the de-
yelopment of all kinds of fruit he spoke jointly.
The progress of one means progress In the
other, and the classification of fruits he said
had been most important part of the work OF
the society, and in conclusion thanked the as
soc alton Tor the honor they had conferred on
our people by meeting on Michigan soil.
After the addresses committees were appoint
ed to take charge of various branches of the
work, among others a delegation from each
state TO decide upon the place of holding the
next meeting.
Benz. G. Smith, of Cambridge Mass, Treas
urer of the society, read his report, which show
ed the amount Of cash on hand in 1888 to be
81 ,5lS, 26: cash receipts up 10 September, 1885,
are S2,224 y including balance from old ac-
count. Cash disbursements were S1,003 Oh;
cash on hand, 81 ,226 %. The accounts balance.
A discussion followed as 10 the place Of hold
ing the next ting. j. b. Moore, Of Mass
achusetts. offered Boston as the place in be-
hal OF the Massachusetts, Horticultural So
ciety. Some desired that it be held ut Roches
ter, y. Y, but by "A unanimous vOteit was de-
cided to hold the meeting at Boston.
The afternoon was devoted to "a discussion
on apes, and in the evening Chas. L. Bessey,
of Nebraska, delivered and address on injuri-
Gus fungi
SEPTEMBER 10.
When the meeting had been called TO order
Prof. Arthur of New York discussed the nature
OF flung, and related many interesting expert
ments he made to show how IL can be trans
mitted. The germ that causes pear blight
originates on the tree, is washed of into the
ground and taken up In the moisture or dry
air, and this comes in contact with the delicate
parts of the tree In the spring and shows itself
in the blackening of the limbs, about July !,
IN hot. moist weather The pear blight is
caused By this bacteria, a germ. The pear
blight can c communicated by washing out
the juice In diseased limb. he germ IN the
juice and'not the juice itself Is tie communi-
eating cause. The disease would result from
inoccula ion by germs, but in no instance from
the jucle rom which the germs were removed.
The germ or bacteria that causes pear blight
is a distinct germ from Others that attack the
vegetable growth like the apple and ounce,
and it alone will produce pear. blight. This
germ will not produce peach blight.
In response 10 a question the professor said:
il is not certain that pear tree will be entire
lykilled by the attack OF the hlightlng germ
on limb. 1t may progress throughout the
tree or II may stop at any time. IL the tree is
may be through small twig or bud, unless
discovered at once and cut out it will be dead.
The tree will turn brown or black when affect
ed lefOre tie leaves turn. This is hard to see.
The leaves are first TO show the Tight
clearly. The knife used in removing diseased
twigs or lark need not be constantly dropped
In carbolc acid to prevent communicating the
disease. There is no cure for blight. The tree
IS killed as far as it reaches. Only an anti
ceptic will prevent IT. and that is practically
impossible. The only thing to do Is to cut off
and save as much as possible. Washing the
trunk of the tree with sulphur and line
would not be effective. He knew nothing of
the yellows In the peach, had made no expert
ments in that direction. The practical thing
TO do to prevent blight in the pear is to not
force rapid growth.
Prof. Beal read note from Prof Burrill on
grape rot, alleging its appearance in the
United States Prof Lazenby of Ohio spoke
on the methods Of protection against frosts.
A mulch of straw Is used as winter protec-
ton. and not removed In the spring. Expert
ments ut the Ohio experiment station showed
a difference OF over three degrees greater
warmth where there was no straw than where
there was straw. This and other experiments
showed that frost Is more likely on mulched
ground than en- bare ground Smoke would
be protection, but Is not possible in the open
air. The difference in temperature Of soil he
could not state, but there is difference in
New Jersey the difference between mulched
and unmulched ground was from five TO seven
degrees in favor of the bare ground, but win
ter mulch used In keeping back the fruit bios
sem on strawberries is beneficial.
On the methods of conducting horticultural
societies Mr.. Pierce of Ohio read paper.
The newspaper was his principal reliance in
this work for success.
Mr. Garfield of Michigan very heartily in
dorsec the sentiments set forth by Mr.. Pierce.
Lessons fom the worlds exposition were set
forth in a paper read by Mr.. Goodman of Mis-
souri, and was followed by Mr.. L. I. Lyon Of
Michigan.
The fruit for exhibition was arranged at the
armory and presented very fine appearance.
There were about 4, 000 plates containing speci-
mems OF nearly every variety known to pomolo-
gists. Nearly every state and territory was
repres nted, Michigan's share being:
Twenty-four plates Of apples and three crates
by G. G. Wicks of Lowell, Mich; apples and
plums by s. X. Marsh of Palo, Ionia county;
peaches, grapes and pears X. T.. Graham of
Kent county; large collection from Judge J.
g. Ramsdells farm at Traverse City; apples
and peaches by A. G. Glidden Of Benzie coun-
ty; 100 plates apples and pears by Lenawee
county; 125plates apples, peaches and grapes,
and samples of cranberries and black red rasp-
berries by w. A. Brown OF Stevensville, Ber-
rien county 81 plates apples, pears and grapes
by F. n. Scott OF Ann Arbor; 10 plates plums
Oceana county; u plates peaches and pears,
and specimens on branches OF plums peaches
and berries by l.. q. Woodman, Walker town.
ship; 12 platCs apples, IL pears, 2 grapes,
plums by Geo. Linderman, Grand Rapids town
ship; so plates apples, pears and grapes by ].
4. 1lgenfritz, Monroe; 100 apples, peaches,
pears and grapes from South Haven 100 plates
wild fruit. nuts, etc, indigenous to Michigan
by Prof. Bailey of Lansing; IL pears apples
and crabbs by b. 4. Partridge, Bay City, and
apples by Geo. G.. Bennett OF Grand Rapids
township.
Part of the Missouri exhibit is two years old,
having been kept In cold storage. Tie fruit
is in good condition.
At the afternoon session resolution was