The Kimball graphic. (Kimball, Brule County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1905, 1885-06-26
FARM MANAGEMENT,
How to Treat Wounds In Fasm Animals
suggestions on Raising OAk Trees
from Seed-General Industrial
Miscellany.
Wounds In m

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Miscellany.
Wounds In Animals.
There IRE two principal methods,
writes an English veterinary surgeon,
by which wounds are repaired. The
first of these, and the more favorable
OF the two, is the method termed by
surgeons healing by the first intention.
Under favorable circumstances this
takes place in an incised wound when
the surfaces are brought carefully to-
gether and maintained in close con-
tact after bleeding has ceased. The
two surfaces then become cemented
together by the formation of a thin in
termediate layer of new tissue. The
other principal mode of repair is heal
ing by the second intention. That is
what takes place in large lncised
wounds when the cut surfaces can not
be brought and maintained in Opposi-
ton, ard it is the invariable method
OF repair in punctured and lacerated
wounds. Here the gap in the texture
becomes filled up by the growth Of new
material taking place from the bottom
OF the wound, while a new skin grows
inwards from the edge of the wound.
This skin, however, is not exactly
similar to the natural healthy skin
from which it extends, being thinner,
more delicate, and without any hair.
A third and much rarer process of
healing in wounds Is what is termed
immediate union. In this it is said,
the divided surfaces being brought
into accurate contact unite without
the intermediate growth of any new
texture. 1t is questionable if such is
really the case, but it is certain that
sometimes in small wounds the cut
surfaces Wien placed together unite
so speedily and exactly that no scar is
left. In IN incised wound treatment
in the first instance should be directed
toward favoring union by the first in
tention. The essentials for this
area sound constitution on the
part of the animal, accurate
and close contact with the divided
surface, and the absence of inflamma-
ton in the wound. Without mans
interference this process would sell
dom or meyer ensue in the lower ami
mails, for in all wounds except the
smallest the cut surfaces cape apart
unless some means be adopted to Keep
them together. The means common
ly adopted by surgeons for this pur-
pose are the application of strips OF
plaster across the surface OF the
wound, Or the passing of sutures
through its edge. In adopting the.
former plan, a few strips, according
to the length Of the wound, should be
applied at intervals; but the entire
surface should never be entirely COW
cred by the plaster. The surfaces,
moreover, should not be brought to-
gether until bleeding has been arrest
ed, for should a clot of blood be ef-
fused into the wound it would prevent
healing by this method. Sutures are
simply stitches used to tie or sew the
edges or surface of a wound together.
They r used of various materials,
such as thread, horsehair, cas-gut, and
wire. Nothing further need be said
about the application Of these, since
their Insertion into a wound should
always be left to a veterinary surgeon.
In q punctured d. a confused or LAGER.
ated wound, where the surfaced can
not be maintained together, or where
Inflammation ensues in such a wound,
then the treatment must be that favor.
able to healing by the second inten,
ton. Inflammation, shown by redness,
swelling, and great tenderness of the
cages of the wound, should be com
batted by assiduous bathing with ho1
wafer. In a confused and lacerateC
wound, such as ''broken knees,' par
tlcles of sand and other foreign mat.
ter must be carefully and lightly
sponged from the surface; in punct
ured wounds, or staos, thrust be mad,
certain that nothing remains in tine
bottom of the wound; and in all class
es of wounds healing in this way pro
vision must be made to allow the dis
charge from the wound a ready es
cape.
With the last object it is often neces
sary, in q p%unctured wound, to en-
large che opening, or to make what j
called a ''counter-opening"-that is
one running from the surface upwar,
to the deepest part of the wound. TIL,
necessity for Il free escape from
punctured wound is seen in the case O
"pricks" of the feet. These are gen
orally simple in their effects if tn
tract of the nail be carefully followe,
and enlarged; but if not. the nail-hol
is apt to become ~obstructed, an,
prove insufficient for the escape of tn
discharge from the wound. In tina
case the discharge accumulates with
the hoof, and gradually forces Its wa
{ toward the surface, in the direction {
, least resistance, and hence ceases t
burst out at the top of the hoof. l
!, all wounds union is promoted by pu'
ting the part at rest. In the case {
such large animals as the horse this
always extremely difficult, and som.
+ times it may be necessary to put til
) animal IN sings.
\ Healthy wounds are seldom muc
benefited by the application of lotio1
: or ointments. When the wound is {
small size it is best to leave it unco'
. cred; and if it be in summer it may /
a smeared with zinc ointment, or wit
forty parts of olive oil to one of ca
bolic acid. In large wounds the su
l face should be lightly covered with
cloth kept wet with a solution of ca
, bolic acid in forty parts of waite
. When a wound shows what is Gale
q proud flesh" it should be rubbed ov'
+ at its most prominent part with su
: phate of copper (~bluestone), or washe
with a solution containing two ounc'
!, of sugar to a p%int-bottlc of water.
s Raising Oak Trees.
: During the past few years lars
{ quantities of acorns have been take
from this country for the purpose
t planting. White-oak acorns are pr
: ferred, and they have been CHIEFLY o
tanned in the state of Missouri. TIL.
are generally planted on sandy {