Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1885-02-16
SEASON OF 1886.
Select Stocks Of Rooted Vines,
Vine Cuttings, Olives, Etc.

Select Stocks OF Rooted Vines,
Vine Cuttings, Olives, Etc.
T SHALL BE PREPARED TO FILL ORDERS
L for the coming planting and graf ing season
or any varieties of vineyard stocks that may be
obtained in this State, in accordance with the
demand of the public. SHALL however. take
his opportunity 10 caution all those who are
making new plantations against careless selec-
ion of varieties. The adaptation of different
tockS to certain soils and climatic condition is
lot the only important point TO consider In
planting vineyards we should determine.
First-The various types of products which
nay be aimed at, with reasonable hopes OF at
aiming excellence IN each in the particular 10
,ality under consideration.
Second-The one or more of such types de-
sired by the producer.
Third-The variety or varieties of vines neces-
,ary 10 produce each of such types
Fourh-The association of different varieties
suitable to blend together either during or after
if intended for Wine
Fitth-The time OF Iipening when several are
for blending in fermentation.
Sixth-The varieties best suited to improve the
products of vines already planted.
Seyenth-The varieties most needed in each
district to in prove the products of other vine
yards already planted after they are purchased
by the wine makers, Or dealers, in order to sup
ply local deficiencies.
Eighth-The apparent deficiencies as to type
or quality of the products of the State offered in
the general market, and the tendencies towards
production OF certain stocks
wi h reference to probable market demands
Those who have vineyards already planted
should study the products OF the State, both in
experimental lots and common stocks and deter
mine, as soon as possible, TO what extent the
value of their yintages may te improved by
grating in certain proportions of varieties not
now cultivated by them.
The problems are practically The same for the
vine grower, who expects TO sell his grapes to
wine makers, as for those who make wine them
selves because the value of the vintages will
soon depend upon the results obtained from
them by the purchaser Wine makers viii soon
be able to discriminate i'll favor of those vine
yards from which the most valuable wines are
made. Wine that is suitably blended at the
vineyard, so as to satisfy nearly possible the
taste Of the actual consumer or the wants of the
retailer, may be kept in cellar to mature with
more confidence than stocks. which must be
blended by the general merchant before presen-
tation to the public.
There are, indeed, certain types of wines al
ways NEST usefufto the merchants for iwprIv-
ing the commercial value of large stocks of the
general trade. These constitute 6 class OF
specialties, sucd as wines rich i'll tannin, color,
etc. which should be produced after intelli-
gently considering the special d mands of the
market but they WI never constitute the bulk
of Il healthy wine production.
The Prices of Stocks.
Prices during the season will, in some eases
vary according to varying demands Of produc-
erS, from whose vineyards or nurseries they
must be obtained. As the time passes offerings
may be influenced also, more or less, by the
and the popularity of certain varieties
Ii is possible frequently to make reductions in
price for large orders. 1t is the custom to make
up cuttings III bundles of two handred and fifty
and smaller lots not put up, except in case o1
very scarce and high-priced stocks, or in q
few cases where asSortmentS for table use are
when extra charge Is made tor the
trouble of breaking counted lots, labelling, etc
Rooted vines are generally put up in bundles OF
one hundred. Actual cost OF packing, when re-
quired is to be added to the pr.ce of stocks
Unless specially agreed to otherwise, prices in-
clude only delivery TO the railway station near
est to the vineyard where the :tockS are pro
cured, Transportation being at The risk and eX-
pense OF the purchaser.
Generally no certain time for delivery can be
because the work of pruning and max
ing cutt ngs is performed according TO the time
which each yine-groNer considers the best, in
fiucnced more or less by the weather, labor ia
cilities and e. uditiUn of roads. There is alway;
more certainty with respect To rooted vines be
cause such stocks are controlled in nurseries
Cuttings made very early in the ason succeed
better than those made later. This rule does
not, however, imply that they should be planted
early. In m s. eases the best time TO plant cut
tines is lust before the buds begin to swell: but
question. Local experience As to the best time
of planting is the guide that should be sought
and may &c easily ascertained. Rooted vines
should be planted as early as practicable.
Orders for Vines and Cuttings
should be made as early rs possible, so that the
best stocks may be procured at the proper time
1t has been my practice 10 engage in advance
large lots of the most desirable varieties, so rs
to have them made early and ready totill Orderr
but this has subjected me to frequent losses
which necessity compelS me TO avoid as much
as possible i'll future 1hosc who are prudent
VII order early and receiYc'their stocks as soon
as they are ready for delivery. The practice o1
cuttings and roots as soon re-
ceiyed should be the constant rule throughout
the State. Disease MAJ possibly exist where il
is least expected. This precaUtion is easy, sim
pie and cheap.
As soon as disinfected the roots may be pre-
served by ioosening the bundles and setting in
a trench with the earth well packed about the
base and the tops exposed Cuttings may be
safely preserved by laying them in a shallow
trench, i'll loose, moist, well-drained soil and
covering entirely with soil, so that the influence
of dry weather cannot affect them. If in dan
ger of drying after being covered, the mounds
should be frequently nostened. If possible
place them i'll the shade. If it is the practice 10
set the cuttings upright in trench the strings
should be cut and the bundles so spread out as
the base so as to exclude the air leaving only a
small part OF the tops exposed. This should
also be done in the shade, aud III loose fine soil
il possible.
The length of ordinary cuttings. as usually
made, is eighteen to twenty inches between ter
minal buds When longer ones are desired the
order should be specific, bat prices for unusual
len nsths, made to order, will be subject to yaria-
ton.
Cuttings are frequently made by inexperienced
and for this reason should be care
fully sorted by the purcha er when received.
The base should be cut. if necessary, close to
laid aside Tor the nursery, which all prudent
plan eps provide for so as to have rooted stocks
10 take the place of cut ings that may not grow.
1t is best TO make allowance for at least twenty
five per cent. loss If The nursery should con
tain, fortunately, more than are needed the
roots can be sold at profit.
Wherever loss OF twenty per cent. or more
may be reasonably expected, if cuttings are
used, it will be cheaper, all things considered,
to purchase rooted vines. A loss of twenty per
cent i'll one hundred acres planted means loss
Of the expense of planting and cuitiyating
twenty acres, besides the loss of time, which
will result in reduction of the crop OF the third
and fourth years OF Il proportionate amount,
besides the arrangement OF the regularity in the
growth of the vines the stronger ones robbing
the weaker. iG also complicateS the pruning,
which must be practiced according the devel-
opment OF the vineyard In places where a very
small percentage of 10 is feared, cuttings are
generally preferred to roots. Some varieties
lake ot with comparative difficulty: othsrs
with great facility. Inloose, warm, well-drained
but moist soils. cuttings generally root easily.
In cold clay sells, and in dry surface alluvions,
especially when they are subject to hot north
winds, the danger of loss is great ana rooted
vines ere in most demand For most parts of
the San JOAQUIN and Sacramento valleys and the
Sierra foothills, rooted vines viii often be pre-
tered.
The general practice is to cut the roots back
near the base before planting, and to prune the
tops to one short spur with two buds.
In Ula0tiQr Seeding resistant vines ii is best
% trim off all the lateral roots for a space of
about three inches below the crown, so as to de-
relop good main root 10 graft into, and to
avoid waste of root development, which must
be cut away III graf Ing.
Stocks of the Natoma Vineyard.
During the last two seasons the Natoma Haier
md Mining Company has planted with great
care about two thousand acres of the choicest
YiueS in the State. 1t was their intention to
plant one thousand acres more during the COM
ing season, and for this purpose large nursery
was established. Owing TO a poStnonemeut of
'urther planting these nursery stocks are offered
through me for sale. This opportunity for OBJ
aiming desirable rooted vines, from nursery
made in virgin soil, flee from vine pests, all the
cuttings having also been carefully disinfecteCi
planters, especially for those in the interior of
he State who may desire vines aeclimated to
heir peculiar conditions
This company offers also stock of cuttings of
similar varieties, all Of which will be put up
carefully by experienced men,
Most interesting will be their Offering OF cut
.ings from imported rare varieties which have
been prcpagated by grating i'll 1885, upon old
vines. IS they require 10 use most OF these stccks
N future for their own plantiags, the opportunity
70 obtain them now should not be neglected by
hose who expect TO need them, or who
wish to test their values. Those who have old
vines requiring improvement by grating may
make useful experiments and sc determine rap
Gly whlcn varieties are best suited TO their
wants. The State University has done this year
D 10 oil