, 1885-02-11
TRAINING SCHOOLS.
WHAT FRANCE IS DOING TO DEVELOP
SKILLED LABOR
n an Investigator Has 10 Say ON The
suhject-somethius for Boys and
ssirls Better Than Mere
Book Learning"


Judge Macarthur calls attention to one of
the schools OF Franco, called tho Municipal
College OF Apprentices, which was founded
at the expense Of Paris. md did not besil
untl 1879. No pupil Is admitted before l..
age Of Is, and instruction lasts three year
one-half that time being given to schoolin
and the other half to practical work
Another notable school In Europe for ma
ual craft Is at Besancon. This Is a technif>l
school,. founded at tho expense OF the city.
an especially devoted 10 wntch manufac-
ture. Besancon manufactures four-ffths
OF all tho watches sold in France, and the
object OF this school Is 10 thoroughly
teach their children their trade. They are
taught not only to turn and temper metals,
and to make tho several parts OF a watch,
but to manipulate atoms as small as tho
grain OF sand that drops through the hour
glass, and their technical education includes
every thing having a bearing upon the work,
such as arithmetic, mensuration, geography,
mechanical drawing. geometry and composi.
ton. This school Is supported by the public
taxation OF the town OF Besancon. whose
people understand that they can only keep
their trade by education I'm matchmaking
Besancon "a not far from Switzerland, and
was an old Roman city.
Another notable school Judge Macarthur
refors to is that OF the Christian Brothers In
Pnris a series OF buildings surrounding a
playground. The students 20 in at or y
year,, and at IS are put to a trade. In tn
mean time they are instructed In all elemcn-
tary branches, In architectural and mechan-
icai drawing, both outline and shade, free
hand drawing. the rudiments OF design, and
when at Is they go to trades under tho same
general roof they gid, carve In wood or
stone, make trunks, shoes, clothes; they
weave, bind books, make all kinds OF
Instruments, musical, mathematical
and astronomical, and in all there
arc $50 in the institution who give two hours
In the workshop and the rest to their books
They pay about 20 cents a day for board.
lodging and instruction, and those unable to
pay the whole amount are assisted out Of a
charitable fund When these boys came out
OF school they not only know as much as any
OF our boys from the public schools, but they
have q trade right in hand. Among their
teachers are practical mechanics and work
men, and the third year the pupil picks out
that which is adapted 10 his talents
Another school OF manual labor which Is
referred TO Is that at Cruzot, where are the
most important iron works in France. This
formerly poyerty-stricl1en village had about
become ruined in tho iron trade, when the
Schneider family took possession OF it. They
had teachers in elementary studies, natural
philosophy, chemistry OF metals, modelling,
drawing, and whom they found any
pupil especially fine or improv-
ing they sent him away to thu
technical schools and brough t him back to
assist in the management. The rest Of the
boys are drafted from the schools into the
works-some as plain workmen. others rs
accountants and draughtsmen. 1t Is said
there Is not a man in this school among tn,
rrtnnHau Ira arurIounI tn fAo rn.ut..Nr~. -
engines who could not make an accurate
drawing OF the work on which he Is engaged.
The little town has shot up TO be well-builf,
w~ell-paved, with churches, schools, marketz
and 2i,000 f~nely-educated and self respect
ing people.
There Is a technical school at LimoKos
where works in enamel ara made and have
boon made for O great many years
Just previous to the American revolution
kaolin was discovered near by and porce-
lain works established. and Limoges ware Is
known all over the world. This ware con-
tinued 10 improve until in 1862 a bright
minded man named AdrIen Dubouche
took his own money and established
a school, and tho town also granted a
subvention to IL. He then estab.
lished FREQ town schools to teach thu lns arts
as applied to the industrial arts, and gave
them his personal attention and supervision.
Consequently Limoges has risen to become a
huge place, the proclaim manufacture has
become immense, the private habits Of the
people wonderfully improved, and now that
school Is called the National School Of the
Decorative Art, and is opon to both boys and
girls. They have special courses for draw
ing for all trade purposes, pottery, enamel
ing and engraving. Boys must1bo over Is
years Of age on entering. and girls over IL
The tuition Is free.
The French AVE besides three great
schools to train superintend ents and foremen
OF workshops, and for artisans, located at
Chaions, at Anglers and at AK, each with
300 pupils admitted upon competitive exam
nations, all between the ages OF Is or II,
and they live In the school building. Seven
hours OF labor a dry ars devoted to practical
instruction in four workshops, namely, in
carpentry and modelling, foundry, forging
and adjusting.