davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02
The Origin Of Salt.

How did the salt originally get
there After all, when we say that
it was produced, as rock salt, by evapo.
ration of the water in inland seas, we
leave unanswered the main problem =
how did the brine in solution get into
the sea at all in the first place I Well,
one might almost as well ask how did
anything come to he upon the earth at
any time, in any place! How did the
sea itself get theret How did this planet
swim into existance at all There
was sapient inquirer, recently deceas-
ed, who had short way out OF this
difficulty. He held that the sea was
only salt because of all the salt rivers
that ran into it. Considering that the
salt rivers are themselves salted by
passing through salt regions, or being
fed by saline springs, all of which dc.
rive their saltness from deposits laid
down long ago aby evaporation from
earlier seas or lake basins, this expla-
nation savors somewhat of circularity
1t amounts in effect to saying that the
sea is salt because of the large amount
of saline matter which it holds in solu-
ton. Cheese is also Gaseous prepara-
tion of milk the duties of an arch
deacon are to perform archidiaconal
functions and opium puts one to sleep
because it possesses soporifc virtue.
A part from such purely verbal expla-
nations of the saltness of the sea, how
ever, one can only give some such ac-
count of the way it came to be "the
briny" as the following:
This world was once haze of fluid
light, as the poets and the men OF
science agree in informing US. AS
soon as it began to cool down a little
the heavier materials naturally sank
toward the centre, while the lighter
now represented by the ocean and the
atmosphere, foated in a gaseous con
dition on the outside. But the grea,
envelope of vapor thus produced did
not consist merel y of the constituents
of air and water many other gases
and vapors mingle with them, as they
still do to far less extent in our eX
isting atmosphere. BY and by, as th'
cooling and condensing process con
tinued, the water settled down from
the condition of steam into one OF ;
liquid at dull red heat. AS it con
densed, it carried down with it grea
many other substances, held in solu
ton, whose component elements ha'
previously existed in the primitiv
gaseous atmosphere. Thus the earl,
ocean, which covered the whole earth
was in all probability not very salt
but also quite Thick with other miner
al matters close up to the point O
, saturation. 1t was full of lime anC
raw flint and sulphates and many othe
, miscellaneous bodies. Moreover,
was not only just as salt as at the pres
, ent day, but even great deal salte
! For from that time to this evaporatio
has constantly been going on in ce
tain shallow isolated areas, layin
down great beds of gypsum and the
of salt, which still remain in the soil
9 condition, while the water has, (
course been correspondingly puri6e'
: -COrnhW Magdzi1le.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02

you would put my love to the test.
You wondered If it would fall you. 1t
shall not fail you. Marc, my husband,
kiss the lst once as--as il yoa loved
me-"
Estelle! My wife, /" and Marc
clasped his wife to his heart with some
thing of the love that should have been
hers from the first. For moment she
clung to him; then gently withdrawing
herself from his arms, she said:
See, Inez is faint. Take care Of
her. am strong-now. l can sec TO
myself"
The little crowd pressed eagerly for
ward, and were rapidly lowered to
their places. The Captain was the
last to quit the ship. With one last
look around to see that none were left,
he drew his hand quickly across his
eyes TO dash away the tears that would
come at the thought of the fate of the
good ship that had carried him safely
for many year. Then, dropping into
the boat, he gave the word TO pull off.
In the darkness and hurry none had
tniSscu tnc gcnIle Woinhtl VIII hau
conferred them all in their hour Of
need. Etelle,s husband, to do him
justice, believed her safe in the boat
with them all; but instead, she stood
alone upon the deck of the now fast
sinking ship, her eyes trying to pierce
the darkness that hid the man she low
ed better than her life forever from her
sight.
Alone, NO, not quite. Something
touched her hand. 1t was Carlo, her
husbands great Newfoundland dog
Patting him, she pointed TO the water
and bade him 60; but he only wined
and licked her hand. Then Estelle
knelt down upon the deck, and with
her hand resting on her faithful frieuds s
shaggy coat, awaited her fac.
| Almost at the same moment as the
lifeboat was drawn upon the beach by
eager willing hands, the great ship,
with one heaving toss, went down into
the mighty deep, and Marc Darcy
learned too late the value of true
woman's love.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02

NJ. Delaunay, of Paris, predicts that
earthquakes on grand scale will occur
next year either when the earth is un-
der the influence If a planet of the first
rank, such as Jupiter, or under that of
group of asteroids, or at time when
the sun and moon are nearest TO our
planet simultaneously. This specis list
in earthquakes foretold the frightful
catastrophes which occurred in South
America in 1877. He announced a
vast seismic disturbance in 1888, and
the appalling disasters in the Indian
Archipelago followed. He raised his
voice of warning also before the late
extensive shaking of the earth in Spain.
1t is no wonder that the latest utter
ances have caused considerable attention
in various countries.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02

The Father of his Country was par
ticular about his dress, aud had the
initials Sc. w. y cast on some of the
brass buttons which adorned his coat.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02
RATes or AoveRTI SING

yearly advertisementslpay quarterly. iran
sient adyertisements must be paid for before IN
serted except where parties have accounts.
Legal advertisements two dollars per inch 10,
three Insertions, and at that rate lot houitioh"
insertions without reference 10 lenBth'
Executors, Administrators, and huditors ho-
tices three dollars
Transient or Local notices ten cents line, reg
ular advertisements half rates.
cards in the "Business Directory" column, on
4 Ollar a year for each line.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02

The sold Oaken Bucket" was writ.
ten, says A. Z. Russell in his Literary
Notes." by Woodwork, journeyman
printer, "whlle under the inspiration of
brandy
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02

The gambler OF Omaha made prop
osition to the city that if they are not
interfered with for one year they will
pay for all street improvements and
keep up the water works.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1885-10-02
Filtration.

The great evil of these days is the
lightness with which love and mar
riage are regarded. There is no use
mincing the matter, Young women
are more largely to blame than they or
their parents are willing to admit.
While there is nothing that can Justify
a man in attempting the life of WON
an who declines to become his wife,
there is nothing, on the other hand, TO
excuse a wopan for encouraging a,ten-
ton she does not intend TO reward i'll
the way contemplated by the suitor.
That young women, more especially
those who think Irritation legitimate
incident of fashion or gay life, do hold
ont inducements to young men without
having the affections of their hearts
engaged, is something more than folly,
and there is no occasion for surprise If
sometimes they are held to fearful
account for their willful tritling. All
men ave not able to dist nguish be-
tween real love and it. s"mOlance.
Sincere themselves, they believe in the
honesty and truth of the woman they
love. They are incapable of dlyer,ing
themselves by make-b believe passion,
and, infatuated by the objects of their
devotion, deem it utterly impossible
that woman could submit to over
lures that she does not reciprocate in
spirit. Many girls and young women,
who are doubtless wholly virtuous in
thought, consider it great triumph to
lead man on to declaration of his
fervid sentiments when they are at the
same time similarly engaged with 9th
er gentlemen equally deceived as to
their real feeling. Misguised mothers
close their eyes to such acts of indis-
cretion, and seem to rather approve
than condemn this species of ''inuo-
cent amusement" pleased because it
argues the popularity of their daugh-
ters, The daughters necessarily gain
, false ideas of their relations to society,
and it is no wonder if this laxity some
times extends to disregard of moral
, principles later in life, when the coquet
becomes frivolous and wayward wife
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
AnecdOte OF Sheridan.

Twenty years ago yesterday Sheridan, com
handing the advance of the Union army,
was pursuing the retreating confederates
with remorseless energy, untiagging resolu-
ton and unsleeping vigilance. During the
forenoon of April 7, in his quest of Lees
troops, he was riding near the establish
ment of a Virginia planter. Dismountng,
he tied his horse and strolled up the walk.
Upon the piazza sat typical southerner,
with long straight hair combed behind his
ears and covering his neck, a swallow-tailed
coat, buff waistcoat, nankeen pantaloons
and morocco slippers. A gorgeous shirt
frill adorned his bosom, and from the en-
brasure OF his wall-like collar he shot de-
fant chances. He bowed stiffly to the gen.
eral who, nodding carelessly, sat down on
a step and pored over his maps. Soon he
looked up and the following colloquy en-
sued: Sheridan" Have you seen any of
Lees troops about here to-day?" Pldnter-
"Sir, as / can truly say that none have been
seen by me, will say So but II had seen
any should feel it my duty to refuse to re-
ply to your question. / cannot give you
any information that might work to the dis
advantage of General Lee" The general
with little whistle OF surprise, pulled away
at his cigar and continued to study his map
In a few moments he looked up again
| Sheridan" How far is 1t to Buffalo river?'
| "a small stream entering the Appomattox
| Pianter-" Sir, do not KNOW" Sheridan
1.-THE devil you DON'T How long hav,
| you lived here?" Planter" All my life.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
Country Produce.

PoULTRY.-We quote very choice turkeys
at Is to 100, common to good at IA to 15c, and
old at II to 13c; fancy chickens at Is to DC,
and common to good at 10 to he per pound.
EGGs.-The market continues steady for
the best lots of eggs. We quote fresh Yer
and Western at 14l to 15c per dozen.
ApPLEs.-Greenings sell at $500 to $3.50,
sweets at $500 to 1928, and Baldwins at
$500 per barrel. Evaporated apples bring
6 to SC, and Northern and Eastern quartered
and sliced to sc per pound.
PoTAToEs.-There is quiet tone prevail
ing The best grades are firm, but poor
grades sell with some difficulty. We quote
Northern and Eastern Rose at 5S to &c,
Houlton at 63 to 65c Beauty of Hebron
to 60 to 63c, and Burbank Seedlings and Pro-
litics at 81 to 60c per bushel.
CHEEsE.-There is good fair trade. Low
grades are selling fairly well at easy prices
Choice Vermont and New York sells at Ill to
12c, choice Vermont sage at 125c, fair to
good do at to 10c, choice Western at 10c
fair to good grades at to &c, and skins and
part skins at 2 to &c per pound.
BUTTER.-Choce butter is steady and in
fair demand, but poor and old grades find
difficult sale. The tendency of the market
is downward, and receivers sell at any rea
sonable offer. On the greater number OF
grades prices have fallen from TO &c pei
ID. Northern creamery sells at 20 to 22c
Vermont and New York fall diaries at Il
to 18c and freshly-made Western creamer
les at 26 to 2Sc per pound.
BEANs.-There has not been an active de
mand in this market, but sales have been fair
We quote Vermont hand-picked Pea beans
at S1.60 to $1.70; common to good, 81 Al
to 81 40; choice Vermont screened, $1.40
hand picked mediums, 81 40 to 81 AS; choic,
screened mediums, S1.30 to S1.35; common
screened S1.10 to S1.20; choice Vernon
improved Yellow Eyes, $1.95 to $500; old
fashioned Yellow Eyes, $3.50 to S1.95; Re,
Kidneys, 81 to $1.95 per bushel.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
Miscellaneous.

HAY AND STRAW Common hay is in
large supply, and the tone and prices are
easy. Rye straw is quiet. Choice prime
hay sells at SIT to SIS; fancy, $3.50;
medium to good, SIG to ST. choice East
ern fine, S15 to SIT; poor Eastern, $13
to S14, and Eastern swale at $40 to 81 per
ton. Choice rye straw sells at S17 so to $500,
and oat straw at SO to 81 per ton.
LUMBER.-The demand has improved on
account of the warmer weather and the in
quiry is much better. The yardmen report
a very fair trade and business appears to be
opening up very well. We quote as follows.
Hemlock boards--rough, S1050 planned,
$500. Spruce boards Il best, $500 to
$1,000; second best, S16.50 to $500; coarse,
$780, refuse, $500 to $3.50. Box boards
1 inch, $1100 to SLIGO; inch, $1,000 to
S1025; 7 inch, 5000 to 1925; ( inch, $500
to $3.50. Spruce underfoors, $1,000 to $1150
Northern do, S12 to $500; Northern stock
boards, $3.50, to Sl40o. Shingles-Extra
Eastern sawed, 1926 to $3.50; do do clear,
1918 to $780, first quality Eastern shaved
1925; do spruce, No. 1,S1.45 to S1.55. Clap.
boards-Extra 4-feet spruce, $1,000; dc
clear, $27 co. extra pine, $500; do clear, S43
Laths-Spruce and pine, $500 to 1928.
WooL.-The market during the week has
been very irregular and the business has not
been well distributed. Ohio and Pennsyl
vania tleeces have sold largely this week
but at very low prices. Michigan tleece'
share the depression. A round lot of Mich
gan X of not more than fifty per cent shrink
age was sold in Providence at CSC. Delaint
wool is very weak. Ohio delaine has beer
sold this week at 33c. California wool is il
steady request at fair prices Territory woo
is in fair supply as far as medium wool /.
concerned. The following are quotations fol
leading grades: Xxx Ohio, sells at 331 t.
Sac, Ohio X at 80 to 32c, Michigan x a
go to SOC, fine Ohio delaine at 80 to 36c, Ken
lucky coarse combing at % to 23c, Texa
fine at IS to 21c, Texas coarse and carpet at L
to lac, Georgia unwashed at u to 22c, North
ern California spring at &c, Wyoming fine a
III to 18c, Eastern Oregon at II to 19c, Kan
sas fine to average at - to 18c, and Montana
choice to medium at p to &c per pound.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08

"THE slough of despondency" in which
you are wallowing, on account of some of
those diseases peculiar to you, madame
and which have robbed you of the rosy hue
of health and made life burden to you,
you can easily get out of. DR.. Pierce's
q Favorite Prescription " will free you from
all such troubles, and soon recall the rose
tint of health to your cheek, and the
elasticity to your step. 1t is most perfect
specific for all the weaknesses and irregu-
larities peculiar to your sex, 1t cures ulcera-
ton, displacements, "internal fever
bearing-down sensations, removes the ten
dency to cancerous affections, and corrects
all unnatural discharges. By druggists.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08

FIFTEEN YEARS EXPERIENCE WITH Con-
MERCIAL FERTILIzERs.--Cabot, VT, Decem-
Der 2, 1884. For the past fifteen years 1 have
used commercial fertilizers. For the past
five 1 have used Bradleys and like it the
best of any l have ever used. In July,
1888, plowed one acre and ninety rods of
poor, exhausted grassland, bordering on
the sandy, and cross-plowed it in the fall.
Last spring l put on one thousand one hun
dred pounds of Bradley's Phosphate broad
cast, and one thousand one hundred pounds
more in the drill, and / harvested, by
weight, four hundred ten bushels OF mer-
charitable potatoes. tried potatoes on the
same kind of land without phosphate, and
did not get any merchantable potatoes.
LYNDON MCALLASTER.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08

ket and very slight changes in quotations.
The sales for the week have been light. We
quote fine flour at $3.50 to S2.T5 per
barrel super, S2.S5 to S3.15; common ex-
tras, $3.40 to 1915; medium extras, "a to
S425 choice extras, 1926 to $3.50; Mime
sofa bakers, "a. 10 to S4.60; New York roller,
$3.50 to S4.G0; Michigan, S4.25 to S4.35; Mich
igan roller, $40 to S460 per barrel; Ohio,
Indiana Southern Illinois and st. Louis pat
ents, $500 to $40; Ohio, Indiana, Southern
Illinois and St. Louis straights, $3.50 to $4,-
So; Ohio, Indiana, Southern Illinois and st.
patents, $3.50 to $780, Wisconsin spring
patents, 1928 to $40. Corn meal, $40 to
S245 per barrel. Rye flour, 1915 to 81. Dat
meal, S4.75 per barrel for fine and 1925
for cut.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08

In a pianoforte for private home use the
very first and chief requisite is refinement
and purity of tone. For use in a concert or
other large room this is not so important, as
the roughness of tone is not so perceptible.
The new upright pianos of the Mason &
Hamlin Organ Company have this for their
prominent attraction, that their tones are
so pure and free from all noise without
pitch. In part this comes from their new
method of fastening the strings by metal
fastenings instead of by mere pins driven
into wood Boston Traveller.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
ORLANDo. N; GLBBs, ESTATE;

U T,
In Probate Court, held at Montpelier, in said Dis.
trict, on the 4th day of April, A. D. 1885;
True A. Town, Administrator of the estate of Or
ando NJ Gibbs, late of Cabot, in said District, de-
ceased presents his administration account for
animation and allowance, and makes application
for decree OF distribution and partition OF the
estate OF said deceased. Whereupon, II is ordered
by said Court that said account and said application
p p1, 20 d Mn 70 oe neid Az ny az
May, A. ID, 1875, for hearing and decision thereon
And II is further ordered that notice hereof be given
10 ali persons Interested by publication OF the same
three weeks successfully In tho peraogf bs!ehman
4 State Journal, a newspaper published at Montpe-
lier, previous to said time appointed for hearing,
that they may appear at said time and place, and
show cause, II any they may have, why said account
should not be allowed, and such decree made.
BY the Court.--Attest,
S-e7 A. O. AVERILI, Register.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
Flour and Grain.

CoRN-The market is hardly as firm as
last week We quote steamer mixed at SO
to 53Ac, steamer yellow at 53l to SAC, and no
grade at SOC to 53c per bushel
SHoRTs.-The market is little firmer.
We quote winter wheat at $3.50, sack bran
at $3.50, spring wheat bran at $3.50, mid
dlings at $3.50 to S21 90, and cotton-seed
meal at $1,000 to $500 per ton.
OArs-The market is firm. Oats are rela-
lively higher in the West than here, and
an advance in prices is looked for. We quote
fancy lots at 43c per bushel; No, ! white,
80 to 39hc; No. mixed, 4Oc; No. mixed,
3SA to 39c.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
geaal Motites.

SA S. SIMONDS' ESTATE.
N COMMISSIONERS NOTICE.
The undersigned, having been appointed by the
Hon. Probate Court for the District of Randolph,
Commissioners. to receive, examine, and dust all
claims and demands of all persons against the
tate of Asa s. Simonds late of Wiliamstown in said
District deceased, and all claims exhibited in offset
thereto hereby give notice that will for the
purposes aforesaid, at the dwellinghsuse of Widow
Caroline p Simonds, on the I'd day OF May and 18th
four o'clock 2 NJ, each Of said days, and that six
months from the 23d day of March, A. D. 1885 is the
time limited by said Court for said creditors to pre-
sent their claims to us for examination and allow
Dated at williamstown, this 9Th day of April. A.
ID. 1885.
JOHN LYNDE, lco.,,,,,..,a
95-97' JAMES NJ. SEANER, COMMISSIONERS
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
RoMANCY A. CURRIERS' ESTATE.

II n = "
In Probate Court, held at Montpelier, in said Dis
trct on the It'll day of April A ID. 1885
O. c. Eaton, Administrator of the estate of Romancy
A Cutler late of East Montpelier. in said District,
animation and allowance, and makes application for
said deceased Whereupon. It is ordered by said Court
that said account and said application be referred
to a session thereof, to be held at the Probate
ONCE, In said Montpelier, the sth day of
May, A ID. lsS5, for hearing and decision thereon {:
And II is further ordered that notice hereof be given
to all persons interested, by publication of the
three weeks successfully in the Vermont Waterman
State Journal, spaper published at Montpelier,
previous to said time appointed for hearing that they
may appear at said time and place and show cause,
IL any they may have. why said account should not
be allowed, and such decree made.
by the Court.-Attest,
1857 AC. AvERILL, Register.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
ELMIRA GAYS ESTATE.

The undersigned, having been appointed by the
Honorable Probate Court for the District of Wash
ington Commissioners. to receive. examine and adj
Just all claims and demands of all persons against
the estate of Elmira Gay, late of Montpelier, in
Offset thereto. hereby give notice that will meet
W. Heaton, in said Montpelier, on the 25d day Of
April and the sth day OF August next from ten
days, and that six months from the 9Th day Of Feb
ruary, A. ID. 1885, is the time limited by said Court
for said creditors to present their claims to us for
examination and allowance.
Dated at Montpelier this 9Th day Of April A. d. 1885.
HOMER w. HEATON,l cor,,,,,ssiorars
95-97 FRANK L. II. GARY. (Nolhh'ssioheIs'
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08

ADVICE TO MoTHERs.-Mrs. Winslow's
Soothing Syrup should always be used when
children are cutting teeth 1t relieves the
little sufferer at once; it produces natural,
quiet sleep by relieving the child from pain,
and the little cherub awakes as bright as
a BUTTON 1t is very pleasant to taste. 1t
soothes the child, softens the gums, allays
all pain, relieves wind, regulates the bowels.
and is the best known remedy for diarrhpa,
whether arising from teething or other
causes. Twenty-fv cents a bottle.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
Marriages.

In Montpelier March 30, at the residence of the
brides father Joseph LaPointe, by Rev. g, L. Wells,
Fred A. Hanks of Jersey City, N j., and Minnie A.
LaPointe of Montpelier.
In Norwich, March 49, Allison johnson of Nor
witch and Angie Pillsbury of Etna, n. II.
In walpole, n. H., March 81, William b. Tenney
and Laura 4. Brockway Of Rockingham.
In Woodstock, March 30, Barney p. Bagley and
Emma ]. Hathaway, both of Woodstock.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08
STEPHEN sHUMwAY's ESTATE.

y bTATE OF VERMONT, WashIhYtoh DIstTlct, s.
In Probate Court, held at Montpelier, In said Dis
trict on the It'll day OF April A. ID, lsS5:
Clark King Administrator with the will annexed
of the estate of Stephen Shumway late of Worcester,
In the county of Worcester and commonwealth Of
Massachusetts, deceased, presents his administra-
ton account for examination and allowance, and
makes application for decree of distribution and
partition OF ne aa nrt tSat ss
said application be referred to session thereof to
on the 9TH day OF May. A. ID. 1895. for hearing and
decision thereon; And 1t 10 further ordered, that
publication Of the same three weeks successfully
In the Vermont Waiehman STATE Journal, news
time appointed for hearing, that they may appear
at said time and place, and show cause, any they
and such decree made. BY the Court.-Attest
1851 A. G. AVERIIL. Register.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-04-08

Young or middle-aged men suffering from
nervous debility, loss of memory, premature
old age, as the result of bad habits, should
send three letter stamps for illustrated
book Offering sure means of cure. Address
Worlds Dispensary Medical Association,
Ruffalo N v