The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-05-06

Msydsnsky and Drobragein. In 1880, Molo-
delsky, Rosovsky and Pfiesnacof. These
martyrs fell under Alexander III. Under
Alexander III the persons implicated in the
assassination of the Gar were executed,
and subsequently for other acts of dislOy
atty. Cbalwin, Gelwac0ff and Lechky. The
duel has been bloody one, bat 1t is not over
yet.
The influence of the Commune was
speedily felt everywhere, and especially in
the colleges. spirit was aroused of the
most seli-sacriheing enthusiasm. 1t was de-
termjned 10 torn a propaganda among the
PEASANTS. To instruct them in the gospel of
Socialism. Among the peasants nominally
free, but still really oppressed, plllaged by
corrupt officials but tenacious to the ancient
Russisn communal idea that the land belongs
TO all the people. Here the young props-
gsnds thought that they would find thank
iul soil for the sowing of the seeds OF Social
ism fraternity and equality. They deter
mined to give up all the luxuries OF life aud
go into the people in the disguise OF common
laboTers, shOemskers, doctors, nurses and
midwives. But they thought 1t would be
necessary to educate themselves first, and
therefore they formed circles to educate
themselves-morally by kindly criticism,
practically by learning trades, and INTELLECT
ually by mutual instruction in science,
history and the doctrines OF Socialism.
Youths of arisrocratic lineage were trained
Is blacksmiths or es nurses. Most OF these
ADMINISTRATORS our enemies called US
were we'll to do middle class families. In
1873 the best elements OF the students left
their colleges ard became members of these
secret soci8listic circles. Among these en-
thusiasts who entered their compsnyin 1876
wss Hartman. 1t is estimated that there
were ten thousand of these theoretical
Nihilists or guides who thus prepared
themselves TO instruct the people. Others,
who did not go into the people, aided those
who were suspected and had to fly, by
furnishing them with money and false Dass-
ports.
These young enthusiasts thus worked
from 1872 till 1878. No blood was shed by
them.
"The emancipation of the Russian ssrfs
was merely q thsm. IL was forced on the
Gar by the unanimous opinion OF the edu-
Gated classes. The Ciimesn War showed Us
that Western Europe was made Up oil men.
Ru,sis OF slaves ana sloihs. They saw that
the intellect of Russia Was siagnsnt owing 60
seridcn and czsrdom. They believed that
Rcssia would advance as fast as any other
nation If y lad the chance They ssE-this
ell classes sAw-tbe official clsss, als0-th0t
from . military point OF view We must abol'
ish EeIicCm III order 10 hold our own against
foreign nations 6srfdOm in fact Wa5 GD0l
ished IS 6 miiitsry need. Bat the Gear al
though be abolished seridOm had, so to cay,
TO good will II IT. He did It reluctantly.
The price oil the lands which the serfs were
u live ia was liked by the governments,
that Is, by the land owDers, for theY we're
made up CT the old land owners and ssrf-
twns1s and these bodies put the price so
high tba' the annual inslallments constitute
so great a tax that the Mojiks are il no way
ostier on, eco, omiCsliy, Than they we're be-
fore. They live Is the utmost Indulgence.
Tnsy are whipped when they fail to psy
Their iDs,sllments. To escape this tax large
Iumbers seek work IN rbe towns Many of
them would prefer 10 give their land 8 way.
They are sui in real slay cry.
AS N education, not five per cent. OF the
peasants can wTits an address. Their teach
eIs are uueduceted. Thousands of schools
we're broken up when the young students
took 10 teaching The government acts as If
il had q gruGge against the schools
ITO raise up C ass Sd degraded Tas SOON
seen 10 be impTacticable. IL bscgme ques-
ton of arithmetic We converted Que Mo-
jik-but five of us were bsnishsd to Siberia
in doing it. Our punishmeDts were murder.
Gus. By 1873 experience had taught as that
our policy must be changed. We either
cease to propagate our opinions or We
must return blow for blow; and aysngs the
wrongs of our comrades aud OF the Mojiks
by retaliating terror for terror"
A convention was called in 1876. Two
parties with different politics were developed
in it-cherno-peredieltzY and the norodo.
voltzy." Here the policy Of terrorism tri-
umphed. 1t was soon put into operation.
In the propaganda movement the enthusiasts
had edured the greatest privatton5 and had
been seized by hundreds aud sent to Siberia.
To the help Of the spirit of seif-sscri1ce,
which they had shown was now evoked, the
spirit OF retribatiOn and despair. The same
contempt OF luxury, e1se honOrs, hardships
and death. which had been shown in secret,
in prosecuting the work of these apostles of
ha oil al IN an 10 aY toH
in public by the zsalots of the red terror.
The public trials of the propsgandists in 1878,
like the trials Of John Brown and his man,
instead of dsterring toe people enkindled q
moral enthusiasm which spread through ev-
cry rank Of Russian society. The convicts
were revered as holy maids, or as noble mar
tyTs The splendid courage of the cum
6emned made converts by the tens of Lh0us-
and. Blind to the result the Gar hardened
his heart and filled the Siberian mines and
built new prisons which we're soon over.
crowded with the Russian pr0pagandists.
The result was the sudden appearance OF
the Terrorists. Rebellion was inaug 1rated
Odessa where KovalsBy, Russian scholar,
YVES ordered 70 De shot after trial that was
farce. Other demonstrations were made.
They were al put down without mercy. Be-
tween IN established Government with q
| million armed men and more and the unor-
l ganized forces eff the new movement Ii WAS
II
| Such dreams were abandoned. Mean while,
aud individually, not here and there. but in
| every great city, and by the scores, men and
I women were sent to penal servitude in the
most oathsome prisons for no greater otfsnses
| than losnipg book, or receiving a letter
| from q suspect, or ex pressing political opin-
| ion in the strictest privacy. SO terrible were
| the toTtures inflicted on these politica pfis
oners that it is of official record that seventy
! five committed suicide or went mad, and
! that AZ KaIkOff there we're Tev0ts enOng
| them TO secure the game treatment that wss
sNsrdtd the vilest ordinary criminal
The frstthot was fired by woman-Vera
! Zsssulic. She witnessed the brutal digging
| OF a POLITICAL prisoner, rushed to tbs scene
and fired revolver at the general who was
ordering it-Trep0f. She was tried aud &C.
! quilted. The enrsged Emperor, who bad
/ not intended that she should be tried. bat
sentenced. visited Trepof when the whole
| city was 70 ioicing and ordered Zsra to be
| TtsTTesfed. She escaped. Five months
afterwards Mesen.zef was shot dead-the
Rad and front OF the police OF Russia. the
! Czsr's most important instrument of venge-
| ance. From then till now the war, TIA Us
btgup, has continued without pity. The
| life Of The Gar and his officers were sscri-
/ feed IS remorselsssly rs he had sacrificed
the life Of the Terrorist and his sympa
| thizers- 1t Will never cesse until the
uItimatum OF the Executive Committee is
| granted -