Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1885-08-22
THE DIVISION OF LABOR.
Odd Ways OF Making a LiN-
ing in New York.
Peculiar Means Of Livelihood which
Civilization Develops


New ork, and it is surprising to see
how many persons there are who read
ily adapt themselves to new occupa-
tions. Type writing. for instance.
was unknown few years ago, and
now there are thousands VINO support
themselves by it. 1t has supplied a
new and wide field for the employ
ment of women, and has come into
almost universal use for legal docu-
ments. The invention of the tele-
phone has given employmentto thou
sands in the construction Of the appara-
tus and the attendance at telephone
Offices and the number thus employed
already rivals the number engaged
in telegraphing.
The introduction of electric lighting
has given employment to many per
sons, as has also the comparatively re-
cent use of refined oil all over the
world for both lighting and heating.
1t IS only few years since the inyen-
ton of district messenger service and
the employment of street bootblacks
gave employment to an army of boys
The successful manufacture of play
ing cards, which were largely made
abroad until within a few wears, has
recently given employment to many
American workmen. The canned
goods industry has grown up since the
war and offers an entirely new occu-
patton.
Photo-lithography and many other
quick processes of picture printing
have furnished employment to many
within few years. There IS an i'm
mense business in ready-m ane>> cloth
ing for women and children that Ts>of
comparatively recent growth.
There are at rough calculation
about fifty men in the United States
who make their living by hardening
steel for various mechanical purposes.
There are three or four who earn Il liv-
ing by demagnetizing watches, and
perhaps about as many who adjust
compasses on iron ships. There is an
odd and somewhat intricate occupa-
ton in the insurance business known
as the adjustment Of averages, and the
number Of men engaged in it in a great
city may almost be counted on ones
fingers.
There are many men who earn liv-
ing by tasting various articles Of food.
or Judging Of them by their appear
ance. There are experts in handWrit-
ing. in chemistry, in mechanics, and
all sorts of things. who turn up in the
courts and make litigation costly.
Civilization tends to a division OF In.
bor. 50 that in every profession ther
are men who get areput utation for some
particular branch. Thus there are ac-
knowledged specialists in law, who
have almost a monopoly OF a certain
class of cases. Some lawyers know al
about patents, and others all about ad
mirality. others al about criminal law
and 50 on. In the same way the doc
tors take each some portion Of the hu-
man bodyas q special study, 50 thai
the old family doctor. who undertook
to doctor all sorts Of diseases is com
paratively obsolete IN crowded commu
mites.
This division Of labor leads 10 tn
establishment in great cities OF man.
queer stores, or depots Of supply 70
all sorts Of odd things OF which til
general public knows little or nothing
There are for instance, depots for tn
supply Of peculiar faol for the variou
nationalities that centre-ln the grea
city. The Chinaman the Italians, tn
Germans, and the >.otehman al knoN
where they can - ami lay things tina
are specially saitel only t. their ow
taste
\ craze like roller skating gives en-
plovmen. u many persoas America
roller skates ar now known all oyo
the world Tneg- IS IN Asaerlca
roller skating RINK even IN Ind.
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