davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02


TRE OTHER day gang of hoodlums
in New York made murderous assault
upon three defenseless Cinnamon,
whose only offense seemed to be that
they were industrious and unoffending,
Such outrageous proceedings are of fire.
quent occurrence in all the large cities
OF the country. The hoodlums, loafers
and rowdies feel that they are licensed
to abuse and maltreat the Mongolians,
and officers of the law apparently do
not feel that it is part OF their duties to
protect these Asiatics. Under the CIR
cumstaaces the proper thing for this
nation 10 do would seem to be to recall
the American minister and consul from
China. and acknowledge thatwe are the
3" barber:ans" that the Chinese call US.
tits clear enough that those who assault
and beat the poor creatures who persist
in going out Of their way to avoid giving
offense and will be honest, sober and
Industrious in spite of the men who
would have them loafers and bummers
come very near to answering the de-
finitiou of barbarian; while the China
men have reached an advanced state of
ciyiliza ton.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

The FEE iends are gloomy, because
they realize that they MIST go.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02
THE KALF-HoLIDAY.

The HERALD is gratfiei to note that
the proposition to give clerks, statesmen
and oookkeepers a weekly half-holiday
is meeting with SO much favor among
the merchants. Many of the leading
houses haVe.giyen a cheerful assent to
the plan, and, in fact, there has been re-
ported 40 stubborn OF unreasonable OPP
position on the part OF anyone. The
wise employer understands that it is to
his interest quite as much as it is to that
of his employees, to manifest consider
alton for.the comfort and pleasure of
the latter; he knows that it is 10 his adj
vantage te have about HIM cheerful,
agreeable clerks and statesmen,
and how much employees APP
preciate &C of kindness and evil
dences of thoughtfuIness for their
welfare en- his part.
The halfihoEday cannot be matter
of expense to the merchants provided
the rule as general, all agreeing 10 the
arrangement. They will lose nc, Gus
toners, and people will spend just as
much laeney as they would if the stores
were open all the time. Indeed, the
movement has commended itself so
much To the people generally and be- /
come so popular, that we believe
it would prove losing business for
merchant to hold out against closing
with the view to catching the trade
of those who grant the holiday.
The people have keen sense of justice
and are not quick to assist
in mean or small trick. However; we
no weighty opposition to the
movement. end look for the early. in,
auguratiOn Of the hait-holiday.
The chief obstacle to the immediate
beginning is disagreement as to the
day when the half-hcliday shall be
gwen, Wednesday, Thursday and Sa-
turday afternoons each having its advo
Gates, theslarger preference, we believe,
being given to Saturday; especially is
his the case with the clerks, who are
almost unanimously in favor of letting
he week go out with rest. The indi-
atoms are that an agreement will be =:
rived at soon, and the half holiday be
naugurated next week.
II
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02
SeE INACCURATE"


Our esteemed contemporary, the N6ws,
last evening, was itself in error in sug-
costing that THE HERALD wasinaccurate
in its issue.ef Sunday, in the statement
that as number of persons wereta
before Commissioner Mckay to give
bonds to appear for trial on the charge
Of unlawful cohabitation, that the func-
,tionary named had one of his lucrative
days" The mistake OF the News was
natural enough, in view OF the hogging
conduct Of the Commissioner IN the
past. Our contemporary thought we
alluded TO the practice of the Commits
.sioner Of charging defendants fee who
were taken before him to give bonds to
appear for trial. THE HERALD had no
reference to Mr.. Mckay former custom
IN this matter-a custom which his
petty Honor abandoned some time ago
through fear of being prosecuted for eI-
tertien. The Commissioned has no more
right TO take a fee from a person brought
before him for the purpose of giving n
bond than he has to tax the. costs of a
preliminary examination on an innocent
witness subpenaed in the case. and
wherever be has demanded and ac-
cepted such a fee the person from
whom he / as required it should 90 and
demand the return of the money aud
npon the refusal of the Commissioner
to surrende- the amount, have him ar
rested and prosecuted for extortion
The Law nowhere confers upon the Com.
missioner the right or intmates that he
mas the privilege of taking fees from the
parties giving bonds in criminal prose-
cutions.
What TIE HERALD said on Sunday
morning was this. speaking Of -Satur- |
days workingOf the lee industry by the
hungry trio. II our esteemed cotem. |
porary will re-read 1t, it will see that the
fees to which we referred were those. /
taxed against the government, there
being no aliusion to the attern pted.bleed- !
ing of accused persons taken before the /
Commissioner.
SO far as known the fee i1ends took /
nothing from the government yester-
day. Probably the plunderers are in
sympathy with the Saturday holiday
movement. But, hold on half a minute
we're too fast again. The Commis.
sioner was put in the way of gobbIinr
a fair days wages for an honest man
The men arrested on indictments for
unlawful Capitalization were taken be-
lore the Commissioner to renew their
bonds, and thus one of the fee fiepds
gathered IN enough to prevent the dav
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

eTHg NEW YoRK limos explains that
the election of Cleveland was in no
sense Democratic victory. The Demo
Gratis who spent money, worked and
voted for him, are fast coming to the
conclusion that the position of the
Times is correct. If the President
doesn't display greater energy in turn
ing the rascals out the people will soon
be convinced that Cleveland's election
was not even Republican defeat.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

| from being counted lost, while the
Marshal, another of the fee fiends, gets
pa few dollars for notifying the de-
PENDANTS that they will please go before
| his brother fend and give bonds. All
these bonds should be given in the Dis
trict Court, but if this were done the
| Commissioner would make nothing
from them and the government would
save his fees.
Until the fee fiend trio began opera
lions, the idea OF requiring person un-
der Indictment to give bonds to the
Commissioner for his appearance when
wanted for trial, never occurred to any.
body The bonds were given ii, the
District Courts. and fled with the
clerks. But the fee fends discovered
that by requiring defendants to file
bonds with the Commissioner that of
fetal could charge the government with
his fees, hence as it is tees they are
working for, all cases must go before
the Commissioner.
The fees to which the Commissioner
is entitled, il criminal cases, are as
follows, all being taxed against gov
eminent. In no instance can cent be
re iuired from a.defenda t We quo.e
from the law:
For administering an oath, ten cents.
For taking an acknowledgment,
twenty-five cents.
For hearing and deciding on criminal
charges, five dollars a day fer the time
necessarily employed.
For issuing any warrant or writ. and
for other service, the same compensa-
ton as is allowed to clerks for like SER
vices. (rhese range from one dollar to
twenty-five cents.)
For the examination and certificate
in cases of applications for discharge OF
poor convicts imprisoned for non-pay-
ment of fine or fine and costs. five
dollars day for the time necessarily
The District Attorneys pet Commits
sioner is practically making living |
from these fees, when not one case in |
twestY that goes before him should be |
taken there, the proceedings in his court |
being unnecessary and surplusage,
lence the cost is wrongful charge
against the government And not only
ire the Commissioners fees unneces-
;ary. but so also are those of the Dis
riot Attorney, the Marshal and the de-
,utEes, all of whose services must be done
'ver again in a legitimate and regular
way, and for similar fees.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

+. .. BARTON !
J. B. TQRoNToi
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02
Grand Reopening of Lake p
HOTEL THOROUGHLY RENOVATED AND REFURNIsHEDI
ONE HUNDRED. NEW BATH HOUSES!
Isl FINEST BEACH IN THE WOPI
Amusements of the Dav.

Tub Race prize Silver Cup Sack Race prize Five Tickets
winner Climbing Creased Pole prize.
Race, % q Rath S1rit
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

=. ASeoSTuEA BITTERs do net only dis
anguish themselves by their flavor and
aromatic odor above all Others eener-
any used, but they are also sure
preventltiye for all diseases originating
from The digestive org. rs. Beware Of
couhterieits. Ask your grocer or drug
s,ss 1or the genuine article, manufac-
tured BIZ Dr. j. G. B. Siegert G sons
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02
From Ruro,.

II you want to help your friends from
any part of Europe. or 20 there r :. p,-
self; buy, your ticket where Won csn o oct
IL the cheapest, which YOU can ,a,. b ~
Calling at J. A. Peterson, Mercha6tt and nd
Inning alton Agent, No. 81 + T5 rlJ
South Street, Salt Lake City. P O. FoT
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

EKR DAILY HERALD is puDlished every
morning, Mondays excepted, at IH He
HERALD Block, corner West Temple ano
First South Streets, Salt Lake City, by The
HERALD PRINTING and FURNISHING COM
PANY. Subscription price, $lO5O per
Snnum, postage included; parts OF the
gear 81 the same rate. To weekly SUD
scribers, collections made by carriers
Is cents week.
TIE SExI-wEEKLY HERALD is publlsneu
every Wednesday and Saturday morning,
at 1870 year; six months. SL75; postage
Included.
Tak WEEKLY HERALD is published every
Thursday morning at 500 a year; SIX
months. s1-25, postage included
SUBscz1BERs wiz confer q favor by for
Wardine information 10 this efhce When
their papers are not duly delivered.
This will greatly aid us in our efforts TO
determ.73 where the fault lies.
ALL Mail Communications intended for
this office should be addressed to
81 THE HERALD,
Salt Lake City, Utah,
and not to individuals
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-07-02

Tar uNHArPINEss of the fee iends is
visible.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
C0IUNBIA COLLEGE LAW SCHOOL.

The twenty eighth annual term OF TIL, Institution WI, com
school nuiding In East 49ths; between 4th and Madison
ayes north side and will continue uuti June 1885,
The course OF study two years and is designed 70
ve fn and accurate IN the principles and prac
noe of the law catalogues, &c. address rs ABOVE
THEODORE W. DWIGHT Warden, &C
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
Cam Gebools.
\ NNUAL SESSION (27thl Of the UNIyER-

ANNUAL SESSION 9th OF the UNI SMITEk-
N sITY LAW SCHOOL. WASHINGTON SQUARE.
Begins oct next and ends June l.. 1884 49,,
two annual sessions and po.n n az nat
more In an one year made for previous study. 81,
statutes and rectaons and MOOT Cours
and lectures viii also be gwen ~
Prius; WILLIAM ALLEN BUTLER IL D. on M aans
ESQ., Willis A. RHpFIEbp tsg, RSsSens snd
law. AITSTiN ABBOTT Esq., Preparation for rial j. -
AUERBACH, Esq. Corporations Q. f. MACLEAN' Esq,
Criminal Law.
For circulars etc. apply 10 . =, a.. ,,.o,,,w
Mutual life Building 80 Nassau 81
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25

A YOUNG LADY STUDENT of Normal
n Col &c desires position IN 1yate sca ol Call adj
N. WlfSON, 4U2 Ncst 3i..at
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
Brooklyn
InE pAcKEK CnLLEGIATE INSTITUTE,

A HUOOFLYN HEIGHTS.
A School for the tnorourh icnrhing of Young ladies
Admion rov stuUcuis september 1871; 1852 hag's
uit on Gtpa-. slbA term. ~ hlghct De
partm nj as term SotXtri charge, Whatever laun.
Grcck crmnn Ffcncl Drlwiuy. hor sin Sin and Gym
mas les inc uded In the regular Tn boarding Depart
uicnt - under lc MANAGEMENT lntl -cpemOer ~ W
nckus PfoHicnt ~ the Faculty Will Dc Al the IhSu'u'e
daily from ulI II O'Clock
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
Cost ano foun1

OsT-Pass book 43,1s7 issued by ii inc e,. rn
Ntt,,Von For the OF Merchants anu iGrton
- ener Yill peaso return II 10 the Bank, No. ~
Square Ioo OoQ
OsT or STOLEN-Bank book No. kZo, n ne
1 O,ssnei nv the GERMAN SAW NDS D., rtpe An
t - %sNY9rk 10 C. Foldhausen IN trust LOT
nersous Te cautioned TO negotiate TIE 81 and
Poi hook
70 aeN.t ira M the 9th day october, $780, apP
"a, 49, a she tO bank for duplcatc'
"New.York, sept IL, 1859.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
obstruction.
For Both Sexes-Couutrv.
Qeae'lers.

A TEACHER of experience will give private
~ lessons the deaf in articulation ami lip ding Ad
dress A. A., Tribune Office
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
NkW.YoRK CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC.
CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC.

if-WESI .aD-Sr-i8.
Tloicadn~ school ~ music Cocu0n r1mac art Foreign
languages drawing aud pantn tree Advantages equal 10
l.. EBERUARD
President
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
THE OCTOBER

The Magazine Of American History should be fonnd n
STofy household that lays any claim to gence ho
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1885-09-25
gns.ruetion.
Fer Bows and Young Me

CHORTHAND taught exclusively and most
- rapdIy Wa'wOrfhs geographic Institute, West
Istb.f 1inlomas ayarled situations assured Send for
, 1885-10-29
A Broken Bridge.

EAST SAGINAW, Mich, Oct. 2s .-This
evening a fire broke out on the tug Nc
Donald, at the dock, about one hundred
feet south of the Gennesse avenue bridge,
upon which a large number Of people
were c%ongregated. suddenly a piece OF
the side walk ON the bridge FIVE feet wide
and forty-tive feet long, gave way with a
crash, precipitating sixty people into the
river, fifteen to eighteen feet deep with a
strong current. The night was cloudy and
dark, but miraculously, the greater mum
Der were saved. Many were badly bruised.
The river is now being dragged and the
body of Sidney Fallon, aged Is, has been
brought up. 1t is thought several per
ished, as twelve or thirteen are missing.
James Twaits was rescued, but is badly
hurt, John Rothenburg, injured about
the legs, Geo. A. Irwin, slightly injured.
L. ID. Cowles, managing editor of the
Courier, was standing on the extreme
further point of the bridge when it went
down. He could not swim a stroke aud
was dragged by the struggling people tC
the bottom of the river twice, but col
clear, and drifting down, chung to a spill,
until rescued, sustaining but slight in.
iuries.
, 1885-10-29
C0WARDLY.
A Chicago Clerk Fatally Shoots
Two Women,
And Narrowly Escapes Being
Hanged by a Mob.
Return Trip of the Genesta
Across the Atlantic.
COWARDLY.
A Tragedy in Chicago.

CHICAGO. Oct. 2S.-Fiye thousant
people blockaded Monroe street from l..
Sale to Clark, at 6 O'Clock this evening
and but for the dexterity of a couple o.
policemen would have hanged A. j.
Burns to a lamp post. Shortly befor,
the employees of the offices. and print.
ing establishments of the neighborhood
were released from their days labors, a
well dressed man entered the hallway OF
the building in which the offices of X. G..
Dun 4 Co. are located and leaned against
the wall as though waiting for some one.
He closely watched the employees stream
ing down the stairs, until catching sight
of two young women walking arm in arm
he sprang forward, drew a revolver and
fired two shots in quick succession and
dashed out. The street was crowded with
people going home from business. The
officers promptly seized him and walked
back to the scene. Two women lay insen-
sible on the sidewalk. At the sight of
the would-be slayer the crowd became flu
rious and attempted to lear him from his
captors. Somebody cried lynch him. -
The officers hustled the prisoner through
an alley to the station. The crowd at
tempted to follow, but jammed itself fast
in the narrow passageway. The wounded
women were taken to the hospital, where
il is thought the wounds are fatal.
The shooting, it is alleged. was a cow
ardly revenge taken by a former fellow
employe in r. G. Dun's office on the two
women who, claiming he had insulted
them a day or two ago, caused his dis
charge. The young man, A. J. Burns by
name, called at the office to-day and was
told if he would apologize to the women,
who are sisters, named Mrs. Ray Good
and Lillian Walter, he would be rein
stated. Burns left and was not seen
again until arrested. Mrs. Good was shot
in the neck, her sister received a bullet
inside of her head. Burns refusest to make
any statement.
, 1885-10-29

Wyoming cattle sold in Chicago on Oct.
%:
Yale, cattle, average 9s5 pounds, at
$3.50.
lee, ten ears Americans, average l,03j
pounds, at 1888, and five ears cows, aver
age 9i5 pounds, at $500.
Burke. three ears Americans, average
l,OS0 pounds, at $500.
Voorhees,, cattle. average $50 pounds at
81. 80.
Murphy, one ear cattle, average 900
pounds, at 80. 10, and one car averaging
LILO pounds, at $500.
n. L. Cattle company, three cars
Americans, average l,2lO pounds, at
50. 10, and three ears cow averaging qGC
pounds, at $500,
Chadwick, seven cars Americans. aver
age l,l05 pounds, at $3.2j.
Hamilton, nineteen ears Texans at
$40.
Swan, fourteen cars Americans, aver
age $3.50 pounds, at $40.
Thomas, seventeen cars Americans,
average l,050 pounds, at 81. l0.
, 1885-10-29
The C%onouering Hero.

PORTSMOUTH, Eng. Oct. 2S.- The
Genesta, defeated in the recent i%nterna.
tional yacht race for Americas cup, by
the American yacht Puritan, arrived here
at 9 o'clock this morning after d VOYAGE
across the Atlantic. She came into port
flying the three first prize flags won in her
contests with American yachts. Great
enthusiasm was manifested by the crowds
on board men-of war and yachts in the
harbor, and cheer after cheer greeted her
as she sailed into port.
1t is believed the time of the Genesta S
trip across the Atlantic, twenty days and
ten hours beats the best yacht record. The
wind during the voyage was north-north.
east, to west, with occasionally strong,
heavy seas which greatly retarded her
progress. Twice the Genesta was hove too
and the whole trip was made under reef
trysails. The only mishaps were the
the breaking OF the mates ankle and a
slight disarrangement Of the steering
gear. The bestruns were as follows: 18th
inst, 23s miles; 18th, 240 miles and l4th.
POO miles.
The crew of the Genesta speak of theil
treatment in America with enthusiasm.
, 1885-10-29

PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 2S.-Robert j..
Cook. treasurer of the Press company,
was attacked early this morning by Step
hen Macpherson, the eolored %ianitor of
the building. and struck On the head with
a hatehet, having his head fractured.
The injured man who it is thought will
die, was removed to the hospital and his
assailant was captured. MACPHERSON is a
large powerful negro and has been cen
sured by Mr.. Cook for allowing gas to es-
cape. 1t is said Cook struck MACPHERSON
first and that the latter used a Ratchet.
The victim had a national reputation As an
athlete, having been captain Of the fam
Gus crew of Yale. college and trainer of
college crews for several years.
, 1885-10-29
Washington Notes .

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2s.-The president
to day appointed Henry f. Weld, of
Massachusetts,, to be assayer-in-c charge of
the assay office at Boise City, Idaho. Mr..
Weld was educated in Germany and is a
well known mining engineer and metal
lurgist. He has been in charge of mines
and works in Mexico. Nevada, Montana
and New Mexico.
Assistant Secretary Coon has returned
to Washington and resumed his duties at
the treasury department to-day. His sue
eessor will soon be appointed.
+. 5. Winston, of Chicago, has been
selected for the appointment as United
States minister to Persia.
, 1885-10-29


Col. Fellows summed up Tor the state
contrasting the actions OF Ward and Fish
at the tune oil the falling the former ran
away the latter awaited the catastrophe
IKE a man.
Judge barrett began his charge at b'1o.
lie dehned the law n read the statute
covering the crime charged. Inc qres-
non was whether the defendant had the
intent 10 deiraua' n oil such a character
as To deceive a person oil ordinary pru-
uehee, ilad Ward procured the sI,ooo
IN Suen a way Inc whole case rested on
one poinl ma Naru OBTAIN the cer'lli-
ca''oh oil the S'l.soo eheek 1t was Tor
,ne Jury 10 decide o. the evidence oil
'aneS ~ rlsn anu nus brother the 'esti-
inohy OIL neither being eoh'radictea'
warn was not alone on 'rla,' pu' justice,
NO. was on 'rlal' ruphc claunor noun
NOT "huehce the jury ana laS' oi an
money mould not interfere WIN tue yer
ace II Jury retired al -
al i",l' 'he jury entered Tue our
room anu 'no 'cSeiu,o"Y OF 'ohn II, 'afr'
RECEIVING 'ei'er OF the MARINE pahh' was
r'"u 'oNereu Tue 'r'nSac''onS Ia re
s''u u '"e oncoAs upon WHICH Tue 'nu'c'-
"en' was 'r'nieu' i"e JURY 'nen again
re'reu,
AZ -" INC Jury again eh'cieu the
, 1885-10-29
The Porto Taking Active Measures

The Porte Taking Active Measures.
CoNsTANTINoPLE, Oct. 2S.-The war
office presents a scene of unusual activity,
clearly indicating that the porte is deter
mined ON adopting effective measures, in
the event Of the conference OF the powers
falling to agree on. a plan for the settle
ment Of the Koumelian question. The
official report to-day shows that 10000
Turkish troops are now mustered at avail
able points On the frontier for active ser
vice in the Balkan peninsula, and rein
lorcements are continually arriving
The Mustahfz or Landsturm and BashI
Bazouks have been summoned for milf
tary duty. The levy Of the Landstrum is
only resorted to ns a wal measure and
will add 10, 900 men to the service.
Circassia has rendered 5000 cavalry
and Albania has promised to assist the
porte. In view Of this the Turkish troops
in Albania have been withdrawn aud
maswd on the Greek Bulgarian and Ser
! Wan frontiers.
, 1885-10-29
The President,s pimeulties.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2S.-An intimate
personal friend of the president who
talked with him on the subject, to day,
says he is experiencing much difficulty in
the effort to r%eorganize the civil service
commission. lie is aiming to secure for
that service three men who are well known
to the country. and whose names would be
received as an earnest desire of his pur-
pose to give such character to the com
mission a. 10 give confidence 10 the
friends of the movement, and that he re-
CARDS reform in the civil service as one of
the most important features of his admin
istration. At the same time the presl-
dent is seeking men whose appointment
will satisfy the people, whether friendly
to the movement or not. that IL Is in the
hands of practical, reasoning men, who
are not doctrinal, who will consider and
suggest needed modification, To popularizC
the reform in the execution of the law.
without impairing its benefits. The sal.
airy of the position is only -, 500 per year.
and few men Of prominence, who pusses'
the qualifications named, are willing Il
make the sacrifice. The reason why some
| of the many persons whose names suggest
themselves 10 the public in connection
with the places are not appointed, is be
cause they have already declined. Noap
pointment has as yet been decided upon
Among those who have declined appoint
ment ON the commission are L. Salton
stall and Charles Goldman. of Massachu
sets, and Judge Schoonmaker and H. o
Graves are among those whose names ART
under consideration.
, 1885-10-29
Honors for an American.

SHANGHAI, Oct. 2s-Owen Denny, late
American consul general at Shanghai, has
been appointed foreign advisor to the
king of Corea, to replace Herr Molendorff.
formerly German consul at Tentsin. The
appointment of Denny to this high posi-
ton indicates that German influence in
Corea, which since the advent of Herr
Molendorif has been paramount, is now ON
the Mane.