The Columbus journal., 1885-09-16
GREAT GAMES OF CHESS.

GREAT GAMES OF CHESS.
4 Caliph Who Played While His Enemy
Assaulted His City-A Civil War Which
Owed Its Origin to . Game Of Chess.
In the history q the Saracens. it i
said that when AL Amin, the caliph OF
Bagdad. was besieged in his city BY his
hereditary enemy, Al Murum. he was
engaged in a game of chess with his
freedman and attendant. Kuthan. The
enemy was advancing in tremendous
force upon the city gates. Terror
stricken, the courtiefs rushed in to warn
the caliph of his danger. but he would
pay no attention t. them. Let ME
Alone" he said. Il see . checkmate
against Kuthan." This ruler was SO
devoted to chess that he had his king.
dom searched for all the good players.
and mad them brought to his palace.
where. whatever their rank. he made
them friends, and heaped gifts upon
them. Among these was the slave
Kuthan. who became tho caliph's favor
ite antagonist in the game. The case
of Al Amin furnishes by no means
singular instance of the absorption Of
interest possible in this fascinating
game. King John was at chess
when the deputation at Rouen came
= tell him that Philip Augustus
had besieged the city. but he
refused to give them an audience
until the game was done. Charles l.
was engaged in playing chess when the
news was brought to him that the Scots
were going to sell him into the hands
of the English. and manifested no in
terest whatever in the intelligence until
his game was finished. So. too. John
Frederic. ElectOr Of SaxOny. when i'm
prisoned in 1547. was beguiling the time
by playing chess with fellow-captive
at the moment when messenger came
to tell him that the Emperor had SEN
fenced him to he beheaded before Whit
tenberg. He BETRAYED no agitation at
the news. but proceeded with the game.
and expressed the heartiest satisfaction
at the close over the fact that he had
beaten his opponent The Hindoos say
that chess was the invention of an As
tronOmer who flOurished several thou
sand years ago. and who was possessed
of supernatural knowledge and acute
ness. The Greeks claim that it was the
invention of Palamedes to beguile the
tedium of the siege of Troy. The Arab
legend is that it was devised for the in
structiOn of a Young deSpot by his tutor.
a learned Rrahmin. to teach the youth
how king was dependent upon his sub
jects for his safety. Oriental chess is
of two kinds. Chinese and Indian chess.
The Chinese game is PLAYED generally
in eastern Asia: but in India and the
adjacent islands. and. with some slight
notifications. all over the civilized
world. Indian chess is PLAYED. The
bishop is the elephant in India. the cas-
tie the boat. and the queen the min
lister; otherwise the pieces are identi-
cal with those known to Us. There is
chess school in India with its salaried
professors. and success in the game is
held in very high regard. Monesh
Ghu.uck. it was said. could play . fab
ulOus number of games when lying on
the ground with his eyes closed. The
of the game called the
Indian problem are known all over the
Occident as among the most difficult
ever devised. The Chinese chess
board has sixty-four squares and q
broad strip called the River Ho across
the middle. The castle is known to
them as the war-chariot. the bishop as
the elephant. the knight as the horse.
and for the king and queen they have .
general and two officers. They have
but five soldiers or pawns. and two can
non, the latter being able to move over
the heads of the others. The general,
cannon and chariot can not pass the
river. The Persians call chess TimOnr's
game. because of the favor in which
il was held by Timerlane. the
great Tartar ruler who lived in
the fifteenth century. This king found
the game so easy that he introduced
additional men and moves to compli-
cate it. This was the origin of what is
known as great chess in Persia. in con-
from little chess. the
common game. This is played on a
board with 10 squares and tifty-six
men. A Persian emperor is said to
have called one of his sons SehahrOhk
because at the moment he received the
of the infants birth he was
playing chess. and had just given check
with his rOhk (castle) to his adverSary's
king (sehah.) Kings and potentates
have usually delighted in chess. Char
emange delighted in the game. So did
King Canute or (knut) the Dane. Ivan
the Terrible. of Russia, died in 1884 of
IN aPoplectic tit, caused by rage at a
checkmate received from subject.
Queen Elizabeth was very fond Of chess.
So was Napoleon l. He opened his
games badly. his biographer assures us.
but when warmed up to the game he |
made some very brilliant moves. At |
St. Helena he played daily. going over
On the board the battles that he had |
fought. and more than once declared |
hat he ought to have Won at Waterloo.
Louis XII. of France was SO fond of |
chess that he played it in his carriage.
Casimir H.. King of Poland. in the
welfth century. prohibited the playing
If chess in his dOminions. A similar
aw was enacted by the Turkish Caliph
aakim. in the year 1925. Furnishing
with the bastinado all who disregarded
t. Louis LX. of France (St. louis)
orbade the playing of chess at court
lnder the penalty of a fine. and Ed
ward Nv. Of England had law enacted
strictly prohibiting chess throughout
the kingdom. James l. detested the
yame. The Knights Templar abhorred
hess, and so did st. Bernard. and very
many other church dignitaries. but this
vas probably for the same reason that
gave. that he hated chess
'ecause it fascinated him so.
A civil war in France owed its origin
o . game of chess. Regnault, a
lephew of Charlemagne. and Berthe
OF. knight of the court. had quarrel
While at the game. Berthelot struck
lis opponent in his anger. whereupon
Regnault lifted the chess-bOard. which,
IS the story goes. was of solid gold. and
truck him dead. A factiOnal war of