Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1885-12-09

and complications of distant Governments
Therefore, am unable TO recommend propO-
sitlon involving the paramount privileges of
ownership or right outside our own territory.
when coupled with absolute and unlimited en-
gagements to defend the territorial integrity of
the State where such interests be.
While the general project OF connecting the
two oceans by means of a canal is to be encour-
aged am of the opinion that any step 10 that
end, to be considered with favor, should be free
from the features al uded to- The Tehuautepec
route is declared by engineers of the highest
repute. and by competent scientists, to afford
an entirely practical transit for vessels and car
goes, and by means of ship railway from the
Atlantic to the Pacific The obvious advantages
of such a route if feasible over others from the
aXial lines of traffic between Europe and the
Pacific. and particularly between the valley of
the Mississippi and the western coast of NORTH
and South America, are deserving of cuusidera-
tiOn.
Whatever highway may be constructed across
the barrier dividing the two greatest maritime
areas of the world must lie for the worlds beEe-
fit, trust for mankind, 10 be removed from the
chance Of domination by any single Power, and
not become point of invitation Of hostilities as
a prize for warlike ambition. IN engagement
combining the construction, ownership and
operation of such work by this Government.
with an offensive and defensive alliance for its
protection with the foreign State whose respon-
slbilities and rights we would share, is, in my
Judgment, inconsistent with such dedication 10
universal and neutral use, and would, more
over, entail measures for its realization beyond
means.
The lapse of years has abundanuy confirmed
the wisdom and foresight of those earlier ad-
ministrations, which, long before the conditions
OF maritime intercourse We're changed and en-
larged by the progress of the aye. proclaimed
the need of iElerceanie traffic ac-Dss the com
me!cial lSthmus, and consecratcd u IN advance
10 the common Use of mankind by their positive
declarations and through the formal obligation
OF treaties Toward such realization he efforts
OF my administration VIII be applied, ever bear
IN ltS f1Sf -
and which were declared III no uncertain tones
by Mr.. Cass who while Secretary of State in
1883, announced that: What the United States
wait IN Ger tral America, next to the happiness
al the people. 'sthe security and neutrality OF
the interoceanic routes which led through it
The construction of three transcOntincutal
lines OF railway; all IN successful operation
wholly with our territory, and uniting the
Atlantic and Pacific oceans. has been accom-
panied by results Of most interesting aud i'm
pressiYe nature ana has created now .nudi-
tiOns not iii the routes of commerce only but
in political geography, which power ui!y affect
our relations towards and necessar ariIy increase
ourinterests in any tTansisthmus route which
may be opened and employed for the ends of
peace and traffic, or, in other contingencies for
use iniIGicAl to both.
Transportation is Il factor in the hosts of com
modlties scarcely second Il that of their produc-
ton, and weighs as heavily upon the consumer.
Our existence already has proved the great i'm
portance Of having the competition between
land carriage and water carriage fully devel-
against the tendencies of monopoly which is
inherent in the consolidation of wealth and
power in the hands of vast corporations. These
suggestions may sCrva to emphasize what have
already said on the score of the necessity OF
naturalization of any interoceanic transit aud
this can only be accomplished by making the
uses OF the route open 10 all nations and subject
to the ambition and warlike necessities of none
The drawings and report of Il recent survey of
the Nicaragua Canal route, make by Chief En-
gneer Monical, Will be communicated for your
information.
The claims of citizens OF the United States for
losses by reason OF the late military operations
of Chile in Peru aud BOLIVIA, are the subject of a
negotiation for claims convention with Chile
providing Tor their submission TO arbitration.
OUR RELATIONS WITH CHINA.
The harmony of our relations with China is
iuly sustained i'll the application of the Acts
lately passed to execute the treaty of 1880 re-
strictive of the immigration of Chinese laborers
into the United States Individual cases of hard
ship have occurred beyond the power of the Ex-
ecu'ive to remedy, and calling for judicial de-
termination.
The condition of the Chinese question in the
Western states and Territories is, despite this
restrictive legislation, far from keing satisfac-
tory. The recent outbreak in Wyoming Terri
tory, where numbers of unoffending Cinnamon
lnolsputaoIy within the projection OF the treaties
and the law, were murdered by mob and the
still more recent threatened outbreak of the
same character in Washington Territory, are
still fresh in the minds of all and there is pore-
Mongollan race on the Pacific slope NAV find
vent in similar lawless demonstration
All the power of this Government should be
eXerted 10 MAINTAIN the amplest good faith to-
ward China in the treatment of these men and
the infiexible sternness of the law in bringing
the wrongdoers to justice should be insisted
upon. Every effort has been made by this Gov
ernment to prevent these violent outbreaks and
to aid the representatives of China III their in
vestigatlon of these outrages; and it is but just
10 say that they are iraceable TO the Iawlessnes
a Gfnfa
gagged In competition with Chinese laborers
Race prejudice is the chief factor in originat-
ing these disturbances, and it exists in large
part OF our DOMAIN. IeopaTdlZing our peace and
the good relationship we try to maintain with
China The admitted right of a Government to
prevent the influx OF elements hostile 10 its in
ternal peace and security may not be cues
toned, even where there is no treaty stipulation
on the subject. That the exclusion of Chinese
labor is demanded in other countries where like
conditions prevail IS strongly evidenced in the
Dominion of Canada, where Chinese inmigra-
ton is now regulated by laws more exclusive
than our own If existing laws are Inadequate
to compass the end in view, shall be pre,ared
TO give earnest consideration to any further re-
medal measures within the treaty limits which
the wisdom OF Congress may devise.
STATE OF TIE CONGO.
The independent State OF the Congo has been
organized as Il Government under the sover-
eighty of his Majesty, the King of the Belgians,
who assumes its chief magistracy in his per
sonal character only, without making the new
State dependency on Belgium II is fortunate
that benighted region, owing all it has of
quickening civilization to the benefcence of
the philanthropic spirit Of the monarch, should
have the advantage and security of his beneyo-
lent supervision
The action taken by tins Government LAST
year IN being the first to recognize the flag of
the International Association of the Congo has
been followed by formal recognition Of the
new nationality which succeeds to ifs sovereign
powers. a conference Of delegates of the prIn-
cIpal commercial nations was he'd at Berlin
last wiuter 10 discuss methods whereby the
Congo basin might be kept open to the worlds
trade. Delegates attended on behalf of the
TINTED otIlts on the understanding that their
part should be merely deliberative without i'm
parting 10 the results any binding character. 50
lar rs the United states were concerned This
reserve was due TO the indispOsition Ol this Coy
eminent to share in any disposal by AN jntprra-
tional Congress OF jurisdictiOnai ques7 ions con
cernng foreign territories. The results of the
conference were embodied in n formal A > of
the nature of our International Convention
which laid down certain obligations piIrpoitiur
70 be binding on the signatoTieS subject To rati-
hcatlon within one year Notwithstanding the
reservation under " hich the delegates OF the
United States attended, their signatures were
attached to the sc eral Act in the same manner
rs those OF the plenipotentiaries of other Coy
ernmentS.
The Government does rot. however. regard
its reservation OF liberty of action in the prem
lseS as at all impaired. Holding that an engage
ment TO share in tine obligation of enforcing
would be an alliance whose RESPONSIBILITIES we
are not in a position to assume l abstain from
asking the sanction of the Senate to that act
The correspondence will be laid before you and
the instructive and interesting report OF the
agent sent by this Government TO the Congo
country, and his recommendations for the es-
tablishment of commercial agencies on the Afri-
can coast, arc also submitted for your consider
alton. The Commission appointed by nv pre-
deceSsor last winter, to vieit the Central al d
South American countries, and report on the
method of enlarging the commercial relations of
the United States Herewith has submitted re-
ports which will be laid before you.
CoREA AND ECUADOR.
No opportunity has been omitted to testify the
frendllnesS of this Government toward Corea
whose entrance into the family of treaty powers
the United States was the first to recognize re-
gard with favor the application made by the
Corean Government TO be allowed to employ
American officers as military instructors, to
which the assent of Congress becomes necessary
and am happy to say this request has the
concurrent sanction OF China and Japan.
The arrest aud imprisonment of Julius Santos
citizen of the United States, by the authorities
OF Ecuador, gave rise to a contention with that
Government, in which his right 10 be released
or TO have a speedy and impartial trial on an
nounced charges. and with all guarantees of
defense stipulated by treaty, was insisted upon
by the United States. After an elaborate CORE
spondence and repeated and earnest representa-
tons on our part, Mr.. Santos was. after an al
legged trial and conviction, eventually included
IN general decree of amnesty aud pardoned
by the Equadoran Executive, and released,
leaving the question OF his American citizenship
Denied by the Eduadoriau Government but in