Weekly Chillicothe crisis., 1885-06-11
FARM MANAGEMENT.
How 10 Treat Wounds In Farm Animals
Suggestions on Raising Oak Trees
from SCcd--Gencral Industrial
Miscellany.
Wounds In Animals.

by which wounds are repaired. The
first of these, and the more favorable
of the two, is the method termed by
surgeons healing by the first intention.
Under favorable circumstances this
takes place in an incised wound when
the surfaces are brought carefully to-
gcthcr and maintained in close con-
tact after bleeding has ceased. The
two surfaces then become ccmentcd
together by the formation of thin in
tcrmcdiatc layer of new tissue. The
other principal mode of repair is heal
ing by the second intention. That is
what takes place in large Inciscd
wounds when the cut surfaces can not
be brought and maintained in oppOSi.
tiOn, and it is the invarablc method
of repair in puncturCd and lacpIated
wounds. Here the ran in the texture
becomes filled up by hcgrowth of new
material taking place from the bottom
of the wound, while new skin grows
inwards from the edge of the wound.
This skin, however, is not exactly
similar to the natural healthy skin
from which ii extends, being thinner,
more delicate, and without any hair,
A third and much rarcr process of
healing in wounds Is what is termed
immediate union. In this it is said,
the divided surfaces being brought
into accurate contact unite without
the intermediate growth of any new
texture. 1t is questionable ii such is
really the case, but ii is certain that
sometimes in small wounds the cut
surfaces when placed together unite
so speedily and exactly that no scar is
left. In an inCiSed wound treatment
in the first instance should be directed
toward fayoring union by the first in.
trntiOn. The essentials for tins
are-a sound constitution on the
part OF the animal, accurate
and close contact with the divided
surface, and the absence of iniamma-
tiOn in the wound. Without mans
interference this process would sci.
dom or never Cnsuc in the lower ami.
mails, for in all wounds except the
smallest the cut surfaces cape apart
unless some means be adopted to keep
them together The means common
y adopted by surgeons for this pur-
pose are the application of strips Of
plaster across the surface OF the
wound, or the passing of suturcs
through its edge. In adopting the
former plan, few strips, according
to the length Of the wound, should be
applied ut intervals; but the entire
surface should never be entirely GOV.
cred by the plaster. The surfaces,
moreover, should not be brought to.
gethcr unit! bleeding has been arrest
ed, for should Il eliot OF blood be cf.
fused into the wound it would prevent
healing by this method. Suturcs are
simply stitches used TO tie or sew tho
edges or surface of Il wound together.
They are used of various materials,
such as thread, horSchair, cat gut, and
wire. Nothing further need be said
about the application of these, since
their insertion into Il wound should
always be left to Il veterinary surgeon.
In puncturcd or II confused or laccr-
atcd wound, where the surfaced can
not be maintained together, or where
| inflammation cnSuCS in such wound,
then the treatment must be that favor
able to healing BY the second inlcn.
ton. Inflammation, shown by rCdncSs,
swelling, and great tenderness of the
cages of the wound, should be com.
battcd by asSiduous bathing with hot
water. In confused and laceratcd
wound. such us "brokcn knees" par
tlclcS OF sand and other foreign mat
ter must be carefully and lightly
spongcd from the surface; in punct.
urcd wounds, or StaDs, itmuSt be made
certain that nothing remains in the
bottom of the wound; and in all class
rs of wounds healing in this way pro-
vision must be made to allow the dis
charge from the wound II ready cs-
cape.
With the last object it is often neces-
sary, in \ puncturcd wound, to en-
large the opening, or to make what is
called Il "cOuntcr-Opcning that is.
one running from the surface upward
to the deepest part of the wound. The
,nrnotmrod ,vor,J !, s,an P IN ,i,o n" n''', ot -
..nricks" ot th" fcct Thnso '.u arc o''u ~o~ W
orally simple in their effects if the
and I, oui,rmo%. NJ o T hn, II o, ia omJu nnir oI
~" , u"' w., h,oo o"o " T.,,,T mT,, ."U I''"U'I I
mrorp p ir.n,,iricnt for th" nsnano ] or Ih ,ha
Hisnhornn YJu frnm ,hn wnnnJ W "PI In VI ,haV Inv"
"nso ,h,, I;snT"rco ~" oo,n,in,os "U ni,%i ,
%0 h, hnns nmI All, So -, ',,' ,',,
toward the surface, in the direction of
least resistance, and hence ceases to
burst out ut the top OF the Eoof. In
all wounds union is promoted by put
ting the part at rest In the case of
such large animals us the horse this is
always extremely difficult, and some.
times ii may be necessary to put the
animal IN slings.
Healthy wounds are seldom much
benefited by the application of lotions
or ointments. When the wound is OF
small size it is best to leave ii uncov-
cred; and if it be in summer it may be
smearcd with zinc ointment, or with
forty parts of olive oil to one of car
bolic acid. In large wounds the sur
face should be lightly covered with a
cloth kept wet with solution of car
bolic acid in forty parts of water
When n wound shows what is called
"proud flesh" it should be rubbed over
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