davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

A study Of tho dry rot in the twlgs
of fruit trees has disclosed the fact that
it is caused by contiguous and trans
missible disease, in which, as in the
dry necrosis of leprocy in man, tho cells
Of the affected issues suffer q degenera-
lion into minute bacteris, whose ge rms
are afterwards disseminated by the rup-
ture of the cell membrane. One dis
eased tree is capable of infecti ng whole
nursery and old and young are alike
liable to the ravages of the p .rasi ;ic or
ganism.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
CURIOUS FACTS.

The Cmur d'Alene Indians have
oil left The reservation, and are now
at tho lake catching bull trout. They
catch thousands Of pounds daily.
The cataraets OF the Nile are due
to granato veins, which the river,
while working way through tho
sandstone, had been unable to destroy
or remove.
A very brilliant light 10 obtained
In China from candles -oniy OF late
years imported into Europe--made
of wax supplied by insects specially
reared through Chinese ingenuity.
The desplsed milkweek can be
used TO advantage at the present time.
It's seed yields finer oil than lin
seed, It's gum Is as good as India
rubber and It's floss resembles Irish
poplln when spur.
The signal officer on the summit
Of Pixies Peak says the highest vel
ocity OF tho wind ever recorded there
was 10 miles per hour, when the
instruments broke and cordwood be-
gan flying down the mountain. The
guide adds that seventy.9ve miles
per hour would lIft mule out Of the
trail.
A wholesale mandatory OF Swiss
stamps OF old issues has recently
been discovered In Zurich. The for
gers have gone about their work very
thoroughly; they have collected
scraps OF old letters bearing postmaaks
with various dates from 1s43 10 1860;
and, the better 10 deceive tho un.
wary, they have stuck tho stamps on
10 these pelces Of envelope.
The ocean, as well as the'land, has
different botanical regions, and
changes arc observed with tho depth
analogous 10 the variations Of terres-
trial plants to the altitude. Marine
vegetation seems 70 have It's vertical
extent determined by theirange Of
light In tho water, which varies with
the power OF The sun and the trans
parency Of water.
Scarcely twenty-five Years ago tho
most powerful piece Of artillery was
sixty-eIght FOUNDER, throwing Its
proI-ctle with q velocity Of 1900 feet
per second. Now the weights OF guns
bave been increased from I've 10 100
tons, lthe vclocIties from 1000 TO 2o,-
900 feet per second, the energies
from 1000 foot tons 20 over $4,000
and the proIectIIss from sixty-eight
pounds TO 1000 pounds
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
ROPULAR SCIENCE.

The cavities in the long bones ol
quadrupeds ale filed with marrow.
Those in the long bones of birds and il
skulls contain air.
The earthworm, some beetles and
certain savage tribes of men swallow
earth, but this is for the organic mat
ter which the earth contains as no an.
imal is produced Immediately from inor-
ganic matter, SO nc animal can be sus-
tanned by it.
As a rule muscles are white in cold
blooded animals, and red in the warm
blooded. They are white in all the in
vertebrates, fishes and reptiles, except
salmon, sturgeon and shark, and red in
birds and mammals,e except in the breast
of the common fowl and tho like.
Prof. Austin states that many clay
and iron sewer pipes add house leaders
are pervious to sewer gases. In ono
instance in Jersey City the leader was;
SO porous that the parlor was rendered
almost uninhabirable. Ha RECON-
mends that all sewer pipes be thorough
ly vanished with shelliac or soluble
glass, or else painted with paint.
A few fishes, aa the sturgeon, are,
toothlesa, but as class they have ane
extraordinary dental appa ratus, not on.
ly the upper and lower jaws, but even
the palate, tongue ana throat being
sometimes studded with teeth. Every.
part of the mouth is evidently designed
for prehension and lnastication. Lips
are usually present, bnt the tongue is.
often absent or very small and as often.
aids respiration aa aDgestion.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
ChareA Dlressry.

U. p. CHURCH. Preaching Sabbath,
st II A. NJ, and r. N. by Rev. s. @. Ir.
vine. ID. d. Sabbath School at 2:30 r. N
Prayer meeting every Wednesday evening.
EvANGELreAL CHuRcH.-Preaching on Sab.
bath at II A n, and u r. n. Sabbath
school 1915. Prayer meeting every Thurs.
day evening. ]. A. Hollenbaugh, pastor.
CoNGREGArIoNALC CHURCH. .-Servicesevery
Sabbath at ii A. N. and 5 p. u. Sabbath
School at 1919. Prayer meeting on
Thursday evening Of each week. J. w.
Harris, pastor.
M. L. CHURCH, SouTH. Services held
every second aud fourth Sabbaths in each
South, at IL A. n. Sabbath School ct 2:S0
P. 81. sharp. Prayer meeting every Thurs
day evening. c. II. Carson, pastor.
NJ. E CHuRcH.-preaching every Sabbath
at ii a. Nj. and "a P. II. Song service IN
the evening before sermon. Sabbath School
sc 80 ?. NJ. Prayer meeting every. Thurs
day evening. Rev. NJ. Judy, pastor.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURoH.-Seryiee every
Sabbath morning and evening in Church
cor. Broadalbln aud Fifth Sts. Sunday School
at $50 p. IN. Prayer meeting every
Thursday evening. Rev. Isaac IL. Condis
pastor.
CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Preaching everySab-
path at W. {. L. U. Hall, at IL A.a.& 1880 p
N. Sunday School at half past o'clock 2.
Al. Rev J L Floyd, pas stoI.
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. every
Sabbath ~ II o'clock - IN. at Church on 9th
Street. Sabbath School Immediately after
morning services. Prayer meeting every
Thursday evening at 7:30 o'clock. &
Brownson, pastor.
USIvERsALTrs sCHURCH.-Preaching every
ecoad aud fourth Sabbath of each month
Crawford's Hall at Ii o'clock, A. NJ, ana
o'clock, +. n
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

In birds the length Of the alimentary
canal varies with their diet, being great
est In those living on grain and fruit.
The gullet corresponds in length with
the neck, which is longest in the long
legged tribes. and in width the food.
In those that swallow large fish entire
the gullet is dilatable, as in snakes. In
nearly all birds the food is delayed IN
some cavity before digestion +; tbrs the
pelican has bag under tie lower jaw,
aud the cormnrant has s spacious gullot
where he stores up fishes turkeys have
pouch called the clop, developed near
the lower end Of the gnlIet the ostrich
goose, swan, most Il the waders, ahd
the fruit or insect-eating birds, which
find their food in tolerable abundance,
and take j. in small quantities, have no
such reserpoir.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
GEMS OF THOUGHT.

II Is greater credit 10 know the
ways Of captivating nature, and max
Ing her subserve our purposes, than
to have learned all the intrigues of
policy.
There are only two families in the
worId--the havo-somethlngs and the
have -nothings. Nowadays we are
apt to feel more often the pulse OF
property than Of wisdom. An ass
with golden trapplngs makes better
appearance than q horse with q pack
saddle.
Battles are never The end OF war;
for the dead mnst be buried and the
cost OF The conflict must be paid.
She made the heroic sacrifice Of
self, leaving her sorrow to The great
physician, Time, the nurse of care.
the healer OF oil smarts, the sootlier
and consider OF all sorrows.
TO he content In utter darkness and
ignorance being unmanly, we think
that 10 love light and seek knowledge
must always DO right knowledge
Is good, and light Is good yet man
perish In seeking light; and / think
that every rightly constituted mind
ought to rejoice, not 50 much In
knowing tbicgs clearly, ss in feeling
that there Is infinitely raorc which
We cannot know.
The sunshine OF llfc Is made up Of
very little beams that arc bright all
the time. 10 give up something,
whom giving up viii prevent unhappi-
ness; TO yield, when perslsting will
cha.e and fret Others; to 60 little
around rather than come against
another; 10 take an III look or cross
word quietly rather than resent or
return Il; these are the ways in
which clouds and storms are kept
of, aud pleasant and steady sun.
shine secured.
Let Us recognize the beauty and
power OF true enthusiasm, and
guard against checking or chilling a
single earnest sentiment.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
A COOP CHANCE EoR SUBSCRIBERS.

To every subscriber to the DEMOCRAT
who pays up his subscription and con-
tlnues his paper, or pays in advance, We
will have sent to him the ssHealth and
Homep one year, without additional cost.
The above paper is q large eight page,
forty column. monthly pspe.. and is full
of excellent reading matter. a copy may
be seen at this Office. The paper treats of
health. marriage, social science, domestic
medicine, hints or health, cookery, etc.
This affords our subscribers chance to
get a good paper for nothing. Those de.
string the paper sent 20 them viii please
state 50 at time Of paying their subscrip.
Ion.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Notice Of Assignment.

NOTICE is hereby given that Isaac Nc.
Clung, of Linn county. Oregon. has made q
general assignment of all hiI property to the
undersigned for the benefit OF his creditors
under an act Of the Legislature OF Oregon
entitled "An act to secure creditors q
just division OF the estates of debtors who
convey TO assignees for the benefit OF credi.
tors" approved Oct. 18th, 1878. All per-
sons having claims against the estate of said
Isaac McClung are hereby notified and re-
qnired TO present the same under oath to tho
undersigned at Albany, Oregon within three
months from the date of this notice.
Dated Dec. 3rd, 1884.
C. II. STEWART,
Assignee.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

for treatment, medicines can oe e0ht esetywnsI. uy
express free from obserEatseh' y tles
physician who gives MS Whoe at.ehsloh ~ = vass
,,t az o,,ntry Knowing this frequently recommend
dit,s.I, ,ass IL the oldest specialist hy whom every
Inaxa s.ol reuoe,ly Is used. The Doctors aye anu
srys.,,s ,ases his op.lion Of supreme importance.
fs-Ihose who call sec tao one bus the Doctor. Con.
snliatlons FREE and sacredly confidential. Cases
which have failed in obtaining relief eisowhe esec-
tally solicited Female diseases successfully tfcated
the ntor viii aeree To feflclt 81 600 for un-
sertaken not cured Call or write. Hours, daily from
a M 10 y M q tos evenings Sundays, 10 20
IL only. Send for the Sal.ltarst Guido 10 Health,
sent free. Address as above
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

The sacred cattle CT India are repss
resented Ia Texas, two lots having
been imported into that State six or
eight years ago There Brahma
cows az they arc called, are in great
demand. They are richEcream
color, while the males have "A .promi'
nent hump cn the shoulder.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Final Settlement.

Notice is hereby given chat tho urder-
signed Administrators of the estate of John
Howes, deceased, has filed in the County
Court for Linn county, Oregon, his Anal
account as such Administrator, and by
order of said Court, Tuesday, the 3rd day
of March, 1855, at the hour of one o'clock,
D. M, is set for hearing objections thereto
and the settle Ment thereof. Any person
interested In said estate 10 hereby netified
to appear and ale his or her obj ctions to
said final account on or before said day,
Dated January Sth, 1885.
w. W. Meg HEE,
r. 8. STRAHAN, Administrator.
Atty for Administrator.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
OUR ALBANY ADVERTISERS.

Patronize men who advertise, They are alive,
They mean business They appreciate the newspaper.
They are the men 20 deal with. Following Is list
OF the DENocRATs advertisers this week, in Albany.
Call ON them:
General Merchandise-S + Young, MonteIth &
Seitenbach, N II Allen, A b Mcllwain.
Groceries-Ho1Imau 4 Joseph, Prank Read.
Agricultural lmplements-Pete & Bain, ii
Goltra, s Young, Cradwohl.
Hardware-Peters & Stewart, GradWohl.
Clothng-L Blain.
Drugs-Feshay q Mason. Z W Langdon and CO..
Archie Prushaw.
Stoves and Tnware-John Briggs.
Furniture-A b woodin, Brink aud Son.
Chairs-L Putnam.
Millinery Emma Schubert, Matte Allison, Matte
Foster
Soda works-Hoffm1n and Joseph.
Iron Work-Cherry and Parkes, A Cherry and
Son.
Marble work-A staiger, G. w Harris,
Flour-Red Crown Mills, Magnolia Nils.
Lumber-Albany Saw Mill
Tobacco Knives, etc.--Sam Cohen.
Meat Roberts.
Hotel-Revere House.
Restaurant-,Ias Mady.
Polsh--H Kenton.
Shave or Hair Cut-I Campeau, Jos. Webber.
Laundry-San Wa Ying.
Weatherford, Whitney, ii Montanye.
Medical Adyiee-G w Maston, Mallace, ii
Ellis, w and Mary Cole.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

An Independent Newspaper of Dem
ocaatic Principles. but not Controlled b,
any Set of Politicians or Manipulators
Devoted to Collecting and Publishing al
the News Of the Day in the most Inter
esting Shape and with the greatest pos
sible Promptness, Accuracy and Impa.
tiaIity: and to the Promotion Of Demo
cratic Ideas and Policy in the affairs Of
Government Society and Industry.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
THE
DR.. llERlc

hfeNsate kbaSpcmhnrys
400 Guary ST., San Francisco Cal
Conducted by Qualified Physicians
aud Surgeons-regular graduates.
Esa The Oldest specialists In che
United States, lifelong experience,
perfect method and pure medicine,
insure speedy aud permanent cures
II ell rlyate, Chronic and Nervous
Diseases Affections OF the Blood,
Skin. Kidneys, bladder, Eruptiohs,
Ulcers, Old Sores, Swelling Of the
Glands, Sore Mouth, Throat Bone
Pains, permanently cured and eradi.
Gated from the system for life.
NERVOUS Debility, tmpotency,
Seminal Losses, Sexual Decay, Mon.
tai and Physical Weakness, Failing
Memory, Weak Eyes, Stunted De-
Nelopment, linpodlments 10 Marriage
etc, from excess or youthful Iollios,
or any cause, speedily, safely and
privately cured.
Xaung, aIitltile.Aged and Old
men, and all who need medical skill
aud experience, consult the old
European Physician at once. His
opinion costs nothing, aud may
save future misery and shame.
tt.l,at, lnf.anVanient to visit tho city
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

and tho many Throat Affections of children prompt,
ly, PLEASANTLY aud safely relieved by Rough on
Coughs" Troches, lie. BalsAIn, &C.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
II, STEwARr,
Assignee.

81 D0nTE Send six cents for postage and
- D MAhAG receive Free n costly box of goods
which will help you 70 more money right away than
anything else In this world All Of either SEX sue.
ceed from first hour, The broad road TO fortune
opens before the workers, absolutely sure At once
address TRUE and Co., Augusta, Maine,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

three or four hours every night conghing. Get mn
mediate relief and sound rest by nsing Wells kouef
Coughs" Trochos, lie. Balsam, 25e.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Catarrhal Throat AEcctleus,

EndIes who would retain freshness and vlvabty
Dsx't tall 10 try "wes' Health Ronower."
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Mothers.
Life Preserver.

II you are failing, broken, worn out and nervous,
use ''wslls' Health Rcnewer" 81. Druggists..
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Heart Pains.

Clears nul rats mice. reaches, flies. anis, bc-bng
skunks, ehiPmunkS, Eophurs. i5c. pruggists-
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

PAiplta.iaa Drcpsczi sweiiings. Dizziness. lndi.
tsrsiion. Headache. Slecposssnoss cured by Wells
Health RanoWer-
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
"noush ON Germs e
"Rourh on rnln" rerou.ed rIaster.

Ask for Wells 'Rough on Corns-" i5c. Quick,
crsnpicte cure. Hard sot ooFns, warts, hunons.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
s.Rsush ON Itch. >"

Haraux. Irritating Coughs Colds Sore Throat cured
by ssIaongl on Coughs" Torches, l5c. Liquid, 25c
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
MhoopIns Cough.

''weira Health Remover restores health and vlguI
cures Dyspepsia, Headache, Nervousness Debility 81
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

II you are losing your gup on life, try "Well'
III ealth Renewer." Goes direct TO weak spots.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Pretty women.

Instant relief for Neuralgia, Toothaehe, Faecaehe
Ask for "Rough on Toothache." 10 and 70 cents
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

''Rough on Zach" cures humors, cIuptions, ring
worm tetter.. salt rheum, frosted feet chilblains
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Thin People

ssrengthing, improved. the beat for haekache.
pains Ia the chest or side. rheumatism, neuralgia
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
wtEe Awake

Children, observation-disclosures puny, sorawny, and
delicate, uso 'sE0lls Health Renewer
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
Wonderful German InylgOrator

HONNNAANt VT '-.'''- =
Permanently prevents ali Unnatural Losses irol the
syste tones the nerves, strengthens the muscles,
checks the waste iuyigorates the whole system, and
restores the afflicted 10 Health and Happiness.
The reason So many cannot get cured uf Seminal
Weakness Loss ot Manhood, etc, is owing 20 com.
plieaton called ProstatoTfbea With Hyperaethesia,
which requires peculiar treatment. DIR. Liebgs ln-
yigoraor Is the only positive cure for frstnTrhca
with peculiar special treatuSut, used At the Lebig
nispensary.
Price OF InyIsoratar. Sc. Case Of six bottles
$40 sent 10 any address eotcfed securely from OBJ
serVatlOn.
Most powerful electric belts free Go patients.
To prove the wonderful tsower Of tho IHSigorator.
A ~ RatIlc Given or sent Free.
Consultation tree and private.
Call or address
LIERIC DlSPENsARY,
sOU Iseary Street. san Francisco, Cal.
Private entrance a0l Mason Street, four blocks up
GeaTy street from keaney, Manu- entrance through
nispensaTy Drug Store.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
..Housh on Coughs.
"Reash ON Rats

Ask for Rough on Coughs Tor Coughs. Colds
Sore Thr,at. HoArsncss. TrUcheH. i5c Liquid *
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

The Volumes of the wEKKLv begin with the fir
Number for January Of Zach year. When no time Is
mentioned. IL will be underwood that the subscriber
wishes to oounonOe with the Number next after the
receipt of erier.
The last Five Annual Volumes Of HAKFER's WEEKLr
IN next cloth binding will be by mall pOstag ge
paid, or by expires, free u expense provided the
freight does not exceed one dollar per Yoiuel for
e. per volume
Cloth cases for each volume, suitable for binding,
viii be sent by mail, postpaid. receipt % si each.
Ronittauces should be made by Post-Ofhee Money
Order or Draft, 10 avoid chance u loss,
NeIcspdpers are not 10 copy tbs adrerfise-
DleRt ,oithoa The express order Of HARFER &
BROTHERS. Address
HARPER & BROTHERS,
New York.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

GEP ssa s:.1 Tfs1ies id ses.! people: sp.::
ags and We will mail you free, royal valuable sample
box Of goods that win put you in the way Of making
more money IN a few days than you ever thought
possible at any business, Capital not required, You
live at home and work IN spars time only, or all
che time All Of both sexes, Of al ages grsBdly
etfful 20 cents 70 IS easily earned every evening,
all who want work may test the business we
this unparalleled offer; To all who not well
viii send 81 70 pay Sor ths trouble Of
Pull particulars, directions, etc.,
ense pay absolutely for all who start
delay. Address STIEsox and Co.,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
1885.
Harper's Bazar.
ILLUSTRATED

HAHFHn's Etz&E l. the only pafisr In thc world
that combines The choicest literature and the Enest
ART illustrations AiIh the latest fashions aud meths
II hon.shuld adornmsni IT, weekly iunsratiuns
and descriptions of the newest fArs and &eV York
styles. With its usefu pattern sec snpfefnc;s and
cut patterns. By enabling ladies o. be ieii drts--
makers. many times the Il subscription. It's
Iaf-rs On onokius. the management - sertnnts and
housekeeping In IL various details sulintn Is
practical Much attention j. given - the interesting
topic u social etiquette. and s illustrations q al
nscde-Wogk arc acknowledged u DC uneTaaiied. IL
literary mcrit u % the Highest cNceleace, and the
unique characier II humorous pictures has won
ior IL thr name Of the American Punch.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23
"Roual. on Paln" roroused plaster,

oNsant :. uee.ssl ~. tlt - lsfst
o eh,st prside, rsaumatism nearal gia,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

Obtained, and all other business in the L. s. Patent
Office attsudesIcd 20 for moderate lees
Our office = opp0st the L 8. Patent Office. and
Te can obtain Patents less tine than tilose remote
tom Washington.
send mode drawing. We advise 70 patsut
We obtain Iaieng.
We refer here, 20 the Postmaster. the snpt Of
doney Order Div. ard - officials Of the L. s. Patent
Ofiec For etrtulaF, advice, tsruts, and efereaees
oactuai elictts ia your State eouuiy, xddres
G.. a. SNOW GCO.,
Opposite Patent Office, Washington, ID
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1885-01-23

The BUYERS GUIDE is issued March
and Sept, each year; 224 pages, ,S4x114
inches, with over $500 Illustrations
whole picture gallery. Gives wholesale
prices direct to consumers on all goods for
personal or family use.
Tells hoWto order, and
gives exact cost Of ev-
erything you use, drink,
eat, veal, or have fun
with. These invaluable
books contain information CLEANED from
the markets of the world. We will mail
q copy Free to any address upon receipt
of the passage-8 cents. Let US hear
from Jon. respectfully, ~
MONTGOMERY WARD e CO.
ess = $50 Wshash Aveanc. Ckiea~e. ri.