Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1885-09-10
Alistellameums &eadiug.
BRUSHES.

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BRUSHES.
HOW THEY IRE MANUEACTURED AND OF
WHAT THEY ARE COMPOSED.
There is not household convenience or
a personal implement that is of more i'm
portance than the brush, and its name is
many; a catalogue of different brushes
would fill column in this paper. Yet few
know how brush is made and of what
it is composed. 1t has been supposed by
some that split Whalebone-Which is on
ly another form of hair or horn-Was used
as cheap substitute for bristles and read
ers of forty or fifty years old wili renem- idaa
and only white ones were salable. In fact,
however, whalebone is much more costly
than bristles, and is only used for special
brushes.
And even the bristle supply is becoming
ing costly and scarce. HereaWay we raise
no more bristled hogs; most of them have
a coating of soft hairs sparsely distributed,
and some of the finer sorts have curly
wool. Even the Southern hogs, which SELF
Jared in the woods are dying out, and a
higher type of the class Sus is taking their
place. Nearly all the bristles that are
used in this country come from Russia,
and they cost the brush maker from one
dollar and a quarter to three dollars a
pound. They come tied up in neat rolls,
and assorted as to lengths and stiffness.
Horse hair is largely used for brushes
there is no material that will so finely pol
ish sewing machine needles, as they come
from the last machine process, as horse
hair brushes. Horse hair makes the soft
brushes for plush, velvet, and for the SILK
hat makers.
The vegetable kingdom is largely drawn
upon for brush material. To say nothing OF
brooms, there is a grass called Tamplcoo,
from the place Of its expectation, that IS
used for hand scrubbing brushes. 1t IS a
round fibre of light straw color, quite
tough and elastic, and possessing the un,
usual quality of retaining its rigldlty ana
elasticity however much soaked II may De
in water.
Flattened steel wire with the temper IN, IS
used for fine cleaning brushes and TOR street
and stable use. These are so coarse ana
rigid that they would be better designated
as scraperS.
But there is wire brush that is the very
opposite of these. 1t is made OF steel or
brass wire that is 50 very fine that 1T goes
quite beyond the finest gauge made in this
country. It goes to what is known to the
trade as forty-four English gauge. Brush
es made from this are employed IN the pro-
duction of a peculiar finish on silver.
When silver is used in plate, whether 1t IS
solid or an external deposit, it IS not often
compressed, or hardened, by any mechan-
ical means, except when it is FURNISHED to
make polish. The "sattn tinish"' OF plate
and silver ornaments, so much admired OF
late wears, is produced by these brushes OF
fine Steel and brass wire. The brushes are
rotary and are run at high velocity. The ef-
feet of their action on the soft surface OF Sill
yer is to raise the particles so that they will
not reflect the light as polished surface
will, but give soft, velvety, retroactive
light to the eye. This effect is produced by
the soft wire brushes that feel under the
hand almost like cylinders Of down..
The common way of fastening brlstles
and hairs and Tampico grass in brushes is
with common pitch, which is kept hot at a
convenient bench, and is kept fluid by the
admiXture of little tallow. The work
man grasps from bunch or pile OF brlstles
a few in his fingers doubles them over at
the middle, winds a bit of fine twlne e. ao1ut Ut
the butt or bend, dips that end in the hot
mitch. and presses the bunch in hole in the
wooden back of the brush to be.
But a better process is wiring or tWlnlng
in either case the looped brush being held
by wire or twine that passes through a
small hole in the back Of the larger hole
that receives the bristles. But, as all these
wires or strings are seen on the back OF the
brush, they must be concealed by false
back for nice work. -,
The writer has specimen with solid
back that was made more than fifteen years
ago. In this, the bristles, doubled, were
led by wire staple into the holes, and the
ends of the staple being crossed by a dle,
the wire was forced into the woou Dy a
plunger, and really locked in the solid ma
terial. The brush has been in constant use
during all these years and is "as good as
new."-Scientyfc american.
SOUTHERN LOYALY.-The thoughts of
the people are not upon the war, not much
upon the past at all, except as their losses
remind them of it, but upon the future,
upon business, a revival of trade, upon edu-
cation. and adjustment to the new state OF
things. The thoughts are not much upon
politics either, or upon offices; certainly
they are not turned more in this direction
than the thoughts of people at the North
are. When we read a dispatch which de-
clares that there is immense dissatisfaction
throughout Arkansas because offices are not
dealt out more literally to it, we may know
that the case is exactly what it is in, say,
Wisconsin-that a few political managers
are grumbling, and that the great body. of
the people are Indifferent, perhaps too in
different, to the distribution of offices.
Undoubtedly, immense satisfaction was
felt at the election of Mr.. Cleveland, and
elation of triumph in the belief that now
the party which had been largely non
participant in Federal affairs would have a
large share and weight in the administra-
tion. With this went, hoWevera a new 1eel-
ing of responsibility, of stake in the coun-
try, that manifested itself at once IN attach
ment to the Union as the common possession
of all sections. feel sure that Louisiana, for
instance, was never in it's whole history,
from the day of the Jefferson purchase, so
consciously loyal to the United States as it
is to-day. 1 have believed that for the past
ten years there has been growing in this
country stronger feeling of nationality-a
distinct American historic consciousness
and nowhere else has it developed so rap
idly of late as at the South. | am convinc-
ed that this is genuine development OF at
tachment to the Union and of pride in the
nation, and not in any respect political
movement for unworthy purposes. l am
sorry that it is necessary, tor the sake OF
any lingering prejudice at the North to say
this. But it is time that sober, thoughtfui,
patriotic people at the North should quit
representing the desire for office at the South
as desire to get into the government sad
die and ride again with a 'rebep' impulse:
1t would be, indeed, a discouraging fact
if any considerable portion of the South
held aloof in sullenness from Federal affairs.
Nor is it any just cause either of reproach or
of untasness that men who were promi-
nent in the war of the rebellion should be
nronainent NOW in official pQSitiOns for with