davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
SPORTING NEWS.
The Chicago Races.

CHIcA9o, July 11.-There was another
very large attendance at Washington Park
to-day, the clo1ing one of the meeting,
there being not less than 10000 people on
the grounds when the bell tapped for the
first race. The weather was warm and
bright and the track in the very best of
condition.
First Raee.-six furlongs, heats, for all
ages. In the frat heat Hot Box won by a
nose from Bay Rebel, she a neck in front
of n daway, third Time-1 .163. In the
seco..d heat Hot Box won by length
from Bay Rebel, who beat Adventurer by
nose for the place. Time-I :ISf. Paris
mutus!s paid S261 25, and $2I so.
Second Race One mile, for two year
olds, penalties and advances. Starters
Cuban Queen, B. G Bruce, Jim Grey,
Endover, Clonee and Bay Duke. Cuban
Queen made the running until well in the
straight when Jim Grey came along and
won hands down, with B. e. Bruce second,
nose in front of Clonee third Time
al. Paris mutuals paid S26 20.
Third Race.-One and one-qusrter miles,
for three year olds, penalties and allow
ances. Starters: Alf, Estell and Thistle.
Estell led for t ree-quarters of a mile,
when Thistle came forward and won with
hands down by a length and half.
Time-2:12. Paris mutuals paid 80 So
Fourth Rdce.-The great Western handi-
cap, for all ages; one and one-halt miles
Starters: Sweeney, Monocrat, Matinee, Ell
Butts, Slipalong, Binette, Highfight, Bob
miles, Joe Cotton. Vanguard, Troubadour
Bootblack and Thady. Pools: W;lliams'a
pair, 5000; sweeney, s125; Binette, $40;
field, 500. Joe Cotton went away with
the track when the flag fell, and was
never headed from the start to the finish
winning by two lengths from Matinee
who beat Slipalong by a nose for place
Time 1854. Paris mutuals paid $l2 40
Fifth Rdce.-Mile heats, for all ag g.
Starters: Leman, Hszarus, Our Friend
Falconer, Spring Hill and Oneida. In the
| first heat Hazarus won easily by half 8
length, Leman second, Falconer third
Time-1 Ash. In the second heat Hazarus
won by nose from Oneida, with Falcone,
fair third. Time-1:444 Paris nuluals
paid $l3 10.
iSiTih Race.-Consolatio purse, for al
ages, one mile and furlong. Starters
Pat Dennis, Idle Pat, Musk, Slipawsy
Valet, Kosciusko, Eftie A., Vslliza, Fred
Amanda Brown, Irish Lass and The Ute
| Kosciuskp led until the Last 200 yards
when Valet shot out of the bunch and
won, hands down, by two lengths; Kosci
usko second, Valliza third. Time--1 :554
| Paris mutua s paid Sos.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
Valuable Ores In Tennessee.

Chatt ,nooga Times: A very important
discovery of magnetic ores has been made
near this city, and it promises to have a
considerable influence on the industrial
progress of chattanooga. A few days ago
a sample Of ore rect ntly discovered a few
miles above the city, on the river, was
Brought to Prof. H. +. Fleming, the Rosne
iron chemist, for analysis. He made 8
very careful examination and found that
the ore contained only sixty per cent oi
phosphorus. This was a most surprising
discovery, as the ores usually found in this
locality have four or five times that guam
tity. The great drawback to the manu-
facture OF steel from pig-iron has been the
quantity of phos nhorus it contains. The
ores heret )foTe found contained the phos-
phorus in such quantity that fo1
purposes of conversion into steel
they were practically useless. The
analysis of the specimens mentioned
above shows the ore to be intrinsically 8
steel-makiny ore, the usual percentage o.
PHOSPHORUS in ores used in making steel
being as high as Is per cent. Mr.. Flem-
ing has also recently completed an analy.
sis of several specimens of ore from a
newly discovered vein in North Alabama
which contain l02 per cent. OF phos-
phorus.s
Mir. Fieming deems these discoveries Of
the utmost Importance, and they will
attract renewed interest in Chattanooga as
q ct eel making point.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
THE AFGHAN AFFAIR.

Doubts are now expressed as to whether
the Ameer of Afghanistan vii consent to
the proposed British cantonmeLt of Can
dahar, through fear that his subjects, in
ceneed by the presence OF the English,
may revolt sDd place Ayoub Khan on the
Afghan throne and drive the whole Brit
ish interest out of Atghanistan. The Rus
sian Embassy in London intimate that the
definition of the Zulfkar Pass, to which
the Gear is willing to agree, cedes to the
Ameer nothing but the pass proper, and
under no construction viii it include IN
the cession any positions commanding the
pass. A rumor is current tonight that a
convention on the entire Afghan question
is practically concluded between England
and Russia, and that its terms viii soon be
mazda nuhlic
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
INDIANS AND COWBOYS.
A RumOred Hattie in which q Numbe
On Both Sides Were Killed.

COLORADO CITY, TEX, July lit is ru-
mored here thet battle has been fought
between cowboys and Indians on the New
Mexican ranch of ]. B. Slaughter, of this
place. Sixty Indians and sixtt en- cowboys
are reported killed. There is great ex-
element here, and confirmst ,ry details
are anxicusiy awaited,
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
Brighton Beach Races.

NEW YORK, July 1l.-About 20OO peo-
pls went to the Brighton Beach races to-
day. The track was fast.
First RGce.-Maiden,, q ages, three
qaarters OF mile. Starters: Hopedale,
Grand Duke, Commander, May W, Gan
ley and Eing George. Grand Duke won
by half a lergth; Hopedale seconl, King
George third. Time-1:17
Second Rdce.-Same terms. Starters
Wei ;ome, Danville, Sumner, Ella H.,
Cedar Bluff, James A. and War Trace.
James A. won by three lengths; Vel.
come second, sumner third. Time-1 :173
Third Race. - Selling purse; seven
eighths of mile. st lrters: Shelby Barnes
Hotachamie, Miss Goodrich, King Tom
Una B. and Mineral. Barnes won by four
lengths; Hot ichamie secord, Miss Good
rich third. Time ;29f.
Fourth Race S .me terms. Starters
Eva K, Joe S, Clarence, Warren Lewis
Kouee and B ffnsy Aaron. Eva K. won by
two lengths; Barney Aaron second, Joe S
third. Time-l :294.
Fifth Race.-Selllng allowances, mile and
a quarter. Starters: Kiohaba, CArley B.
Ligan, Three Cheers, Thunderbolt and
Alfred. Kiohaba won by three lengths
Ligsn second, Three Cheers third. Tune
2:l14.
iStrth Rdce- Handicap, for all ages
mill and one-eigbth. Starters: Charley
Marks, Bonnie Australian, George Sing
erly, Pericles, Glepgarine, Delilah, Treas
urer, Charge and Baymiller. GleDgsrins
won by half q length charge second, Bon
ME Australian third. Time-1 ;56.. Nutu
ais paid $l04 S5 straight, and on change
for place, $73 so.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12

DEM ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER a
i No. p, r. A. MS, will hold n
STATED CONvo0ArIoN for dispatch ofS ~
regular monthly business, MONDAY ~
NIGHT, July 18th, at o'clock. VISIT "
ing companions fraternaliy invited.
By order j. S. MAHAFFY, MEHP.
Attest: DODGE c. TRApHR, SECRETARY.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
-------s-SsS-ss- - -
An lmparIauf Ieaf Trial

ST, LOUIS, July 11.-Private dis
patches from Washington state that a
suit brought some time ago in one of the
courts of the District Of Columhia -; ~
Mr.. Pike, a son Of Albert Pike, against
vdl. K. d. Hunter, of this city, to test
the legality of the leases Of Indian lands
II the Cheyenne and Arapahoes reserva-
AHuAa.. ioIIiIoTy, 10 cattlemen.
was decided to-day in favor of the
lessees.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
A GRAND SUCCESS.

1t is claimed for the Washington Park
meeting, which closed to- day, that it has
been the most successful event ever held
in the United States, both in point of at
tendance and in the quality OF sport fur
.nished. From a financial standpoint, it
has perhaps never been equaled in Ameri-
can turf annals, the profits of the ten
days meeting netting the club nearly, if
not quts $4,000 The three princi pal
winners in stakes and purses are Ed Cor
rigaD, Kansas City; Lucky Baldwin. Los
Angeles, Cal, and Porter Ashe, San Fran
cisco. The two first named, according to
the best inf5rmation obtainable at the
present time, have each placed to their
credit over $4,000.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12
Next Session R.gias Sept. 8, 1885.


FfAHEhE courses in Agriculture, Science.
L Engineering ard the CT assics, pder thirteen
Professors and Instructors Two years of pre-
paratory instruction are provided.
Discipline reasonable and faithful.
Facilities for moral and roligtohs yrainfng. The
Military organization seohres regularity, pre-
cision and promltDess in ell the exercises.
Situation, hea thful; Surroundings, beautiful
climate, superior.
Tuition is free to .tudents a. pointed by mem
hers of the Legislature, and by State, County and
City SuPeriu tendents of Schools. Necessary <
penses about $40.
For Catalogues, ETC., addTass
L, E,ALE&ANDER,
Chai,man of tho Faculty.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1885-07-12

MEMpHIs ooMMANDERY, No. 4. a
A.Ela1 KTw hSls SSSpa{ SpSHa
ing, July 18th. at o'clock, for conferring ~
the order of the Temple. Full dress./ v \
Sojourning and resident fratsrs are courteousy
invited.
By order MARCUS JONES' &c
7. j. BARcBUs Recorder
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
THE TRUE RING.

The San Francisco Democratic County
Committee adopted at their last meeting
the following resolution:
Resolved, That in view Of the brilliant
future which awaits the Democracy Of the
United States, and the national prosperity
which will bless the land under the aus.
pices of q wise, liberal and patriotic Ad-
ministration. it behooves the leaders of the
Democratic party Of this State in psrticu.
lar to urge an honorable determination Of
all the discordant elements, bury the bit
ter animosities Of the past, and cordially
reunite in the interest Of good government
and q perpetuation OF Democratic ascend
ency.
This is the true ring of genuine De
mocracy, and therefore commends itseli
to the party. Referring to the resolution
the San Francisco Alta contains the fol
lowing patriotic remarks: "Now, let US
begin the work necessary to be done &c
restore harmony and good feeling among
the members of the party. For our part
we are willing that others may hold all
the Offices, whilst we will work faithfully
for the general good, as we have ever
done; and we will meet upon . common
level with all men who claim to be Demo
Gratis, who will accord to US the privilege
of free thought upon all matters non
nolitica1"
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
THE LATEST NEWS.

With this issue the SENTINEL again
nr;nts the Press Dispatches. The con-
dition of the times in Eastern Nevada
and especially in Eureka hardly j~usti6es
us in departing from the method adopted
some three months ago in publishing out
side news, but we trust our endeavors
to henceforth give the latest telegraphic
intelligence from all parts OF the world
will be appreciated and reciprocated by
a material addition to the present patron
age of the SENTINEL. 1t costs money to
run . newspaper in these parts, and we
are among those who are unable to fatten
on the glory which some people imagine
they see in the business. Isolated as we
are from the larger cities Of the Coast the
SENTINEL will, under the new arrange
ments, give to its readers in Eastern
and Southeastern Nevada such news, to-
pether with that Of a local character,
three and four days in advance OF the
metropolitan newspapers. So. send in
your subscriptions and advertisements,
and thereby allow US to continue the
d~ispensation Of the latest telegraphic
news from ali parts Of the globe.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
THE HUMAN MANUFACTORY.

A recent number of the Medical Jour.
nal says: A man may eat and drink heart.
lily all day, and sit and lounge about and
do nothing, in n sense of the word;
but his body must be kept hard at work
all the time or it will die. Suppose the
stomach refuses to work within ten min.
utes after a hearty meal, the man would
die Of commissions in a few hours; OF
cholera or cramp collie would rack and
wreck him. Surprising the pores of the
skin-meaning thereby the glandulal
apparatus with which they are connected
should 60 on a "strike," he would in
an hour be burning up with fever; op.
preston would weigh upon the system
and soon become insupportable. Sup
pose the liver should become mulish, the
appetite would be a~nnihilated, food
would be loathed, torturing pains would
invade the small of the back, and the
head would ache to bursting. Suppose
the kidneys shut up shop, danger most
imminent. suffering unbearable and
death more certain, would be the speedy
and inevitable result. If the little work
shops OF the eye would close, in an hour
he could not shut nor open them without
physical force and in another hour he
would be blind; or if those of the tongue
would close, it would become dry as 8
bone and stiff as steel. To keep such :
complication OF machinery in working
order for q lifetime is q miracle of wis
dom; but to work them by the pleasures
of eating and drinking is q miracle Of
benificence.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
THE AMERICAN PRESS AND
RELIGION.

The discussion of "The Attitude Of
the Secular Press in America Toward
Religion" in the Church Congress in
New York recently, seems to have been,
on the whole, highly complimentary to
the "secular" newspapers of the day.
It is true that the Rev. Washington
GLADDEN. cut deep into the flesh of a large
number of journalists when he remarked
that "the attitude of the average editor
toward religion is one of calm superior
ity." But this was not the prelude to
such a variety Of compliments that we
almost fear that Mr.. GLADDEN. had at
least one eye on the reporters and editors
and was thinking of the future good will
of the latter. On the whole, however,
Mr.. GLADDEN. stood up well for the grow.
ing tendency of the best newspapers to
give space and importance to religious
facts and discussions.
The New York Mail and Express says
that the discussion covered a good deal
of ground and was participated in by
several able men, including the Rev. Mr..
Pullman, who lately left New York, to
the great loss of New Workers and to the
great gain of Lynn, Massachusetts,, the
Rev. Julius 81. Ward, Senator Hawley
aud the Rev. James Freeman Clarke.
Mr.. Wards statement Of the relations OF
the best American journalism to religion
seems to have been the most definite,
precise, accurate and clearly put. His
conclusion will not surprise the more
thoughtful that, cit is to the secular
press, to the large conception which it
may take of what is best for Christian
society in America, to its strong afirma-
ton of what all men concede to be con-
crete realities in religion, to its growing
determination to treat Christianity as
one of the great factors of human society,
that the people of all beliefs must look
more and more for that substantial unity
among American Christians which a
broken Christianity constantly imperils.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

The Eastern secular papers report that
Ingersoll has declared.that he will never
give another infdel lecture. On this re-
port the Dallas, Texas, Times says that
a reporter interviewed him, when he
said that it was true, and added:
"While I have not given up infdelity. I
am not sure that l am right in being an
infdel." And here comes "Felix Adler"
one of the leading infdel lecturers and q
scholar, lamenting that inidelity "has
lacked the earnestness of practical moral
ity; has not ibeen sufficiently based on
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

Assignee'sS Sale
TO CLOSE UP THE BUSINESS
OF P. n. HANSEN, IN IN
S0LvEMCY.

WILL SELL AT PUBLIC AUCTION TO
Il the higest bidder. for each, all the real
estate at my place of business and the per-
sOnsl property where 1t may he.
On the I6th day of May, A. ID. 1885,
All remainders Of stock in trade Of any kind
in my possession.
Also. the Silver Peak Tunnel property.
Also, Q certain promissory note. signed By
William Shea for $3.50, dated July Is, 1884.
Also, . certain promissory note, signed by
Joseph Flynn, for $50s, dated November II,
1881.
W. L. Howell, for s222 SO. dated December 26,
1888.
Also. a certtin promissory note, signed by
Pat Mcbride, for s223 7s. dated January 5
1884.
Also, q certain promissory note, signed BY
James Nolan and Hugh Gibson. for s242 "a
dated March !, 1884, and secured by mortgage
| Also, a certain promissory note, signed oy
John McCush and John Cuff. for $50, dated
July 8. 1884.
Also, q certain promissory note, signed BY
Csproli Achilli, dated Janusry9, 1883, for SOC
Also, Q certain due bill Of the secret Canyon
Tunnel. Mil and Mining Company, dated
January 10. 1882. for the sum OF s69s 40.
Also, 3.125 shares Of stock in the Mayor
Mining Company OF Eureka.
Also, 9 lot of Cabinet oil cans, etc.
Also, all the right, title and interest Of p
N. Hansen in q certain lot of charcoal, now q
the Albion furnaces, Ruby Hill.
Also, q lot Of Charcoal, now st the E. l. P. 4
r. station, In Eureka.
Also, q lot OF Charcoal, being 1900 sacks
more or less, now at the Eureka Con. furnaces
the sacks being reserved.
Also, the books and book accounts and d
forth Of P. N. Hansen, aggregsting sbou
$40. 00e, more or less, and now due the said P
n. Hansen.
Sale TO begin ct 10 O'Clock A. NJ, and to b,
sold without reserve. HIRAM JOHNSON,
Assignee
| Fureka. New Anil d 1893 xp25-td
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

profound moral conviction. 1t has been
too idle. too speculative. too sentimental,
too much given to words" When we
see no colleges, no orphan asylums, that
have been built by inidels, we do not
wonder that "Felix Adler" confesses in
fidelity a failure.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

Owing to the stringency In the money
market. we have reduced our prices on
boots and shoes 10 the lowest living prices,
and hereafter will only sell our goods for
cash. So, please don't ask for credit. as
we will be compelled 10 refuse it. Persons
indebted to the firm will please make i'm
mediate payment.
y TAssELL BROTHERS.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
shoes for Inc WILLIAM

Samuel Raphel, formerly Of the firm Of
o. Dunkel 4 Co., has just received a con-
signment Of ladies' and childrens' shoes,
which be will dispose of at bedrock prices.
Ladies will do well TO call early and ex-
anime the goods and prices ct the old
stand, corner OF Main and Clark Streets. \
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
A Drink.

At Cspron's drug store they now have
the soda water fountain in full blast,
where. for a bit, you can get . delicious
drink of soda water, with or without q
90 stick " in it..
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
Appointed Agents

We have just been appointed Agents for
the celebrated Foster Kid Gloves, made
especially for us. We have q full assort-
ment on hand now. MORRIS & LEVY, 4
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
Fine Old Bourbon.

A very superior article of pure Old
Bourbon, Eve years old, for medicinal pur-
poses. can be found at Capron's drug
store on Main street. \
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

New ginghams-at Harris 4 Mathews.
New Torchon lace-at Harris 4 Mathews.
New calicos-at Harris d Mathews.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

The undersigned has on hand Q large
and varied assortment of wall paper that
he will sci cheap for cash. He has also
sent an order to Chicago for an assort-
ment of the newest styles.
p. II. Hull.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

New dress goods-at Harris d Mathews
New ruchings-st Harris & Mathews.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

r TAKE THIS METHOD OF NOTIFYING
the public that I will not be responsible
for any debts contracted against the silver
Reef mine. situated in Mineral Hill Mining
CHARLES II. RAND.
Half owner Of the Silver Reef mine.
Mineral ill, New, April %. 1885. ap2s.1ms
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
On the warpath Again.

Tucson. May 19.-The Stars Lordsburg
special says that Geronimo Ch~irachus, an
Indian chief. with about 125 Of his muir
derers, are again on the wsrpath. This
same old band was out two years ago, and
is heading towards the Sierra Madres in
Mexico on the same trail taken when they
killed Judge McComss and his wife. Cap
tain Piers, with Indian scouts, are in pur-
euit.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

NEW YORK, May l9.-At lbs O'Clock to
day General Grant went out for . drive,
Mr.. Webster, the publisher Of the Gener
ais book, when seen at his Office to-day,
stated that the General had just written q
dedication for his forthcoming work. The
dedication Is as follows: ITO the officers
and soldiers engaged in the War of the
Rebellion. and also those engaged in the
War in Mexico, these volumes are dedi
Gated" q. s. Grant.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20
The Failure Of osgood & Co.

BosroN, May 19.-At the second meeting
Of the creditors Of Jas. R. Osgood d Co.,
publishers, their liabilities were placed by
the firm at s17O. 900. and the assets in
round numbers at 500. 600. The firm
intimsted q desire TO discontinue business.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1885-05-20

MONTREAL, May 1.-the smallpox is
spreading rapidly in all sections Of the
city. The Health Department is broken
down completely. but the Mayor. with the
assistance of leading medical men, Is en-
deavoring to check the disease.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1885-04-03
STATISTICS OF WEALTH.

It has generally been assumed by
that they were the richest
neople on earth, not only in the aggre-
gate. but individually; that's to say
that if the wealth of the nations were
divided equally among their respective
citizens the resident of the United
States would have more than the resi-
dent of any other country This I'M
.ression has come from the fact that
the masses of the American people, the
toilers and tillers, were in more COM
fortable circumstances than the cores
nonding classes elsewhere Figures.
however, dispei the Illusion as
regards wealth per capita. A statscian
has been collecting facts in regard 10
nroperty values. from which sit appears
the people of Great Britain are lndivio-
ually the wealthiest on earth, ana those
of France come next, while the citizens
of the United States stand third In the
list. For every individual in Great
Britain there is Sf.240; for everyone IL
France 81, o92, and for everyone in the
United States only 1881. Inthe aggre-
gate the United States is the richest
her wealth amounting to $57 $40, GOO 1000
while that of Great Britain is S45,OOO,'
600 900, and of France Sal, 700 600 goo.
The statistics presented in the tables
to which We refer are interesting IN
other respects than as noted above
England has doubled her wealth
since 1s45, France hers since 1856, anc
the United States hers since 1861. LII
1850. when it was first estimated, TIT
wealth of the United States was Sc, 430,
Ooo, 900. and now it is So, $40, 900 coo. thu
increase having been more rapid thar
that In any other country. The annua
accumulation of capital in Great Britain
is at the rate of s23 a head, and il
France it is $50 head. In the Unite'
States the annual accumulation of cap
ital was S44 per head from 1859 to 1916
but it has since been reduced, until it
now only S25. At this latter figure
however, the nation is gaining wealt
very fast, each individual adding I cent
day to the capital of the country; a
night we are 100000 richer than W
were III the morning.