davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Early English Agriculture.

Nothing is more characteristic OF the
infancy of farming than the violence OF
its alterations. When roots and grass
were unknown there was no middle course
between incessant cropping and barren
ness. Aswith the land, so with its prod
ucts. Feasting trod on the heels OF fam
inc. In the graphic language of ancient
chroniclers, parents in 1870 ate their
own children when wheat rose to 356s.
quarter at the present value of money.
Except in monastic oranges no quantity
of grain was stored; corn dealer was
the ''caput lupinum' of the legislature.
Few remembered to eat within their
tether or to spare at the brink and not
at the bottom. In August, 1917, wheat
was SOS. quarter; in September follow
ing it fell to 6s. Sd. Equally variable
were the employments of agriculture.
Months of Incidence passed suddenly to
intense labor. Harvesting in the middle
ages meant the return of plenty. On
$50 acres in Suffolk, toward the close of
the fourteenth century, were grown
wheat, oats, peas, barley, and bolomong,
mixture of peas or tares and oats. The
crops were cut and housed in two days.
On the first day appeared thirty tenants
to perform their bederepes," and ga
reapers. On the second the thirty ten
ants and $50 reapers, pitchers and stack
ers. Many of this assembly were the
smaller peasantry on the manor. The
rest were wandering bands of ''cock-
ers," or harvestcrs. A cook, brewer, and
baker were hired to supply dinner at
and supper at 5. Barley and oats as wei
as peas and Leans, were generally mown;
rye and wheat were reaped. But the
harvest, as in Roman times, consisted of
two operations: The first was to cut the
ears, the second to remove part of the
straw for matching; the rest of the
stubble was either grazed, or burned, or
plowed i'll. The crops were wheat, rye,
oats, barley, beans, peas, and, i'll smaller
quantities, flax and hemp. OF grain
crops, rye was the chief; it is the hardi-
est, grows on the poorest soils, makes the
toughest straw. Rye was then the bread
stuff of the peasantry. 1t was generally
mixed with wheat flour. Bread so made
was called maslin Wheat and rye were
often sown together. Tusscr condemns
the practice, "lest rye tarry wheat till it
shed as it stand" but it pre-
vailed in Yorkshire in 1897 as cure for
mildew. BY itself wheat was seldom
sown. Barley was the drink corn, as
rye the bread corn, of the middle ages;
drage was the commonest and best sort
for maltiug. Oats were extensively cul-
Ttivatcd in tho north, but they were gray
awafed, thiastand poor. Little manure
was used Horses were scarcely used in
agriculture. Oxen cost less, are shod
only on the~fore feet, do morenon billy
ground; their gear and winter keep is
less expensive; they are ''mannes meat
when dead, while5the horse is carbon
-Quafterly Reuie1o.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
A School Girl Runs an Engine.

A recent issue of the Wichita (Kan.
Eagle says: All the engineers on this
end of the Fort Scott road accompanied
the remains of McDanies to Fort Scott
last Saturday. On Sunday it was found
necessary to send traineout to the Mn
nescah bridge with material, and. no en-.
gineers being on hand, Mr.. GEORGE N
Bauman put his daughter Bessie
school girl, in charge of the ENGINE
furnished her with a fireman. and oh ,
did her work nobly, handling the thru,
tie and guiding the iron steed as wei,
the best man on the d. Ress;o !
frequently run the cngi. t Al. ut the = =,
E''A> never before II. tea III 49, ~, ~,
road. We don .n,y Il am o,l,er ,o ,',e
having fem ,:,n,rise rs e'''s' 10y,
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Household Hints.
To spoil steak, fry it.

To spoil steak, fry it.
Cut warm bread or cake with warm
knife =
To spoil pancakes, y bake them, on a
luke-wafm griddlc:
- To spoil afbreakfast5 grdmble' an the
while you. are'eatings leg
To spoil potatoes, let them lie and
soak in water after boiling.
A tablespoonful of vinegar in the pot
will make tough meat or chicken tender.
Fish may be scaled much easier by
dipping into boiling water about q
minute.
To spoil bread, use poor flour and
sour yeast and let it rise until too light
and 1t runs over.
If you wish to pour boiling hot liquid
into glass jar or tumber it can be safe
done by first putting spoon in the
dish. = Good housekeeping.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Cyrus "
guished a

work was an expcrimc ut, and most ex-
pensive one to its promoters until it was
actually proved successful. For more
than twelve years Mr.. Field gave his
whole time to this work, though the
idea did not originate with him. The
cable of 1857 broke, and that OF 1893,
as is we'll kncwn, parted after 1t had
been working about two weeks. and just
at the time when it was thought it was
ready for business. notwithstanding
this terrible disappointment, the
work was continued. In 1865
there was another failure, but
year later a cable was laid which
was successfully used. The persever
ance of Mr. Field, who never lost his
faith during all the trying years, is one
of the strong characteristics which has
marked his whole career. When the
cable of 1866 got into good working Or
der Mr.. Fled sent out an expedition to
pick up the broken cable of 1865, and
the success of this wonderful enterprise
caused almost as great sensation as the
completion of the first cable had done.
For several years Mr.. Field rested
from his labors or Travelled. He went
around the world, visited the Arctic re-
gions and Africa, and became famous
for mis- excursion parties of friends to
Iceland or India. During the latter part
of his life Mr.. Field has again become
active in the business world. He took
a leading part in the reorganization CT
the Toledo, Wabash and Western rail
road, and lately he has been largely in
terested in other corporations. notably
the Western Union. and the New York
Elevated roads. Mr.. Fields holdings
have made his name quite prominent in
Wall street. A year or more ago he
bu 1t in New York one of the finest of
fee buildings in that city on Beautiful
site near the Battery. In appearance Mr..
Field is grizzled and gray, but his eye is
clear, and he has brisk step, which be-
tokens strength for long continuance
of his business career, though he has
very recently announced his intention OF
retiring from his more active engage
ments.
Philip D. Armour is probably the rich
est man in Chicago to DAY, and, although
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.
Dairy Engineering.

Every COW in the stable may need a
different quantity and quality of ''feed. !"
n splendid mixer often stands in the
stanchions between beefy, bull-necked
COWS that stretch out from either way
aud rob her of half her rations, while
they perhaps are dry. A careless feed
Ing by the hired man Tor boss either may
reduce the quantity of milk one quarter
very easily in stable of COWS as gen.
orally found on the farm. A COW that
does her best for you should have her
efforts rcciprocated: while one that is
merely female bull, COW by courtesy,
should be fed equally carefully for the
shambles as soon as possible. Gradually
a herd may be gathered whose mess may
be uniform. AS a rule, engines of diff
ferent make and capacity, size and
quality, require different quantity and
kind of fuel, and between the feelings
they are rubbed down and kept clean
and cared for, Just as COWS should be by
their engineer.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

firmly. A cultivator made for the pur-
pose, with spaces to stradd.e two rows,
the horse passing up the middle row,
works two spaces at once, and after
three workings the plants will SO shade
the rows that weeds get no chance to
grow. The variety we have grown IS
the small pea bean. Recently we have
serown the white wax, which yields very
abundantly and affords in the stalks and
leaves an excellent fodder. The crop
may be cut with a mower or reaper
and a lfraker; when the mower is
used cloth apron is fitted be-
hind and boy following rakes
off the beans in 7w, where
they are left to dry. Nurn dry they
may be stacked in barrack or put in
the barn, but it is preferable to thrash
them as they come from the field. We
have fed them to COWS, finely ground
with an equal quantity of corn and as
much fine bran or coarse mill feed as OF
corn and beans together, and have found
the feed to be excellent for yield of milk
and product of butter. This meal, too,
makes the very best feed for calves, and
if boiled we'll and the cruel strained and
thinned to the substance of milk, with
small quantity of sugar and salt added,
it makes the best substitute for milk for
weaned calves. Beans contain large
quantity of heterogeneous substances
sailed legumin, which is identical with
casenc in composition, and which can
be curdled and made into cheese, and
this substance replaces in the food made
of it the caseine of the milk, and so sup
plies BEAUTIFULLY one of the greatest
needs of the calf-Neao York Times.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Ancient Life In Arizona.

Many regard the Southwest as a new
country. and look for new things when
visiting the Southwestern lands But in
reality the Territory teemed with an &C.
tive population, versed in science, in tn e
art of government. in the knowledge of
manufacturing industries before Milton
and Shakespeare and Cervantes and Co.
lumbus were born. 1t is possible, in.
deed. and quite probable that Arizona
was progressive and populous region
when Noah built the ark. when the bat
tie of Thermopoly;e was fought, when
Homer wrote his epics. In fact, it is an
old country, rich with history that may
never be known, sacked and pillaged,
neglected and forgotten during the years
in which the East grew up.-Portland
(lNe. Transcript
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
The Tyrant Habit.

The Emperor William is man of ex-
,ceedingly economical habits, and the
study lamp On his work table is simple
oil lamp Of pattern such as since the
introduction of petroleum lamps can
hardly. he met with on the table of the
hufnblest citizen of Berlin. But it was
not economy that accounts for the fact,
SO much asethe sditficulty which an old
man has in changing habit. The ex-
PLANTATION is given by the British american
Register: ~
The emperor has for many years been
accustomed to- screw down the wick
whenever he ceases writing or reading
or leaves the room. When the petroleum
lamps finally came into general use, the
emperors valet, Krause, brought ono
and put it on the workable.
:. True to his habit, his imperial master
screwed down the wick on leaving off
writing; and, as a matter of course. the
room was soon filled with insupportable
smoke, WHICH greatly affected the eyes Of
the monarch, and nesessitated the open.
ing; Of doors and windows.
!, krause finally volunteered the remark :
'eNo, your majesty, that sort of lamp
will not suit"
"But what are we to do, Krause? Had
we better get our oil lamp back again?
You know my eyes are weaker, and re-
quire brighter light"
"Well, your majesty, we can have a
new lamp made with an extra large
burner, SO as to do away with petroleum
altogether.
"Quite right, Krausc, let us try it,"
And Krause got a lamp of the old pat
tern. had the burner enlarged to an al
most colossal size, a green glass shade
added to it, and to this day the new
lamp, defying all innovations, asserts its
place of honor on the work table of the
most diligent of all monarchs.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

Repeated experiment has illustrated
the efficacy of careful selection of seed
corn, the necessity of generous broad
cast manuring on worn lands and the
ACCESSIBILITY OF planting in drills and Civ
ing fiat culture.
Professor Sturtevant, after several
trials, has decided that the kernels from
one portion of the ear areas good as those
from another, and that there is certainly
no inferiority for the tip seed. He has
found nc evidence favorable to the
breaking of the roots of corn in order to
influence the crop. On the contrary, ex
cessive root-pruning of corn during
growth has proven unfavOrable IN the
clay soil of the station.
AS regards distance of planting, it is
quite evident that distance must vary
with the variety grown and with the
rainfall and general climatic conditions
of the locality. At the New York sta
ton trials with Waushakum corn indi
Gated that three and one half feet by
three and one half feet is the best DIS
tancc for that variety. The influence of
weeds in the growing crop OF corn seems
productive of injury not only from their
use of food supply of the soil but from
The shading Of the ground.-Neeo Ior&
World.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

SODA BIsCUIT.-One quart OF slfted
flour, two large teaspoons of cream yeast
powder, one tablespoon lard, little
salt; mix thoroughly and add milk
enough to stir nicely; roll out half an
inch thick, cut the proper size and bake
in a hot oven.
FRIED BREAD.--Take half pint of
sweet milk and add we'll beaten egg
and little salt: dip in this slices of
bread Gf dry let it soak minute) and
fry On buttered griddle until it is a
light brown on each side. This is a
good way to use up dry bread.
SMALL PoTATO CRoQUETTEs.- Boil SIX
potatoes. when done peel and mash
them; add two ounces OF butter, gill
of milk, SAL, pepper and the yolks OF
two raw eggs Dredge bread board
with -four, roll the potato into very
small straws; cut these of equal length,
dip them in egg snd crumbs and fry to a
delic tie brown.
A SAsoRY STEw.-Take any kind of
cold meat, though chicken or veal is
best, cut into bits, not very small, and
enough water to cover them, with piece
of butter the size of an egg, dust of
flour and salt and pepper; when thor
oughly heated add one half IL can of
peas, stir until all is we'll mixed and hot,
then serve A very nice dish for pick
up dinner or lunch, and very good With
canned corn as well as peas.
BREAKFAST SALAD.-Scald two ripe
tomatoes. peel them, put them in cold
water or fine ice to become cold; drain
and either slice or divide into sections.
Peel and slice very thin, one cucumber !;
line salad bowl with crisp lettuce
leaves, add the tomatoes and cucumber,
a teaspoonful of minced parsley. with a
few blades of chives, if possible add a
few green tarragon leaves. Over all
pour a plain salad dressing of oil, vine
gar, salt and pepper.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

The Right Reverend Bishop Gilmourr,
Cleveland, Ohio, is one of the many emil
nent church dignitaries who have pub.
licly added their emphatic endorsements
to the wonderful efficacy of st. Jacobs
Oil in cases of rheumatism and other pain
full ailments.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
There is singing in the powers that be-

ME-. A. NICHOLS, of this place, says he
suffered from Catarrh for years. He puf-
chased bottle of Ely's Cream Balm OF u.s.
He is now almost cured. and Gays you can
not recommend it too highly. We selling
more of Ely's Cream Balm than of all other
catarrh remedies can hardly keep supply
on hand. ---EvEKs Bros, Druggists, tndepen-
dence, Iowa.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

is sometimes exhibited in our public exhibi-
tions. When we gaze upon some of th pecu-
in our minds revert back to the creation of
man, 'who is so fearfully and wonderfully
made" The mysteries of hi, nature has been
unraveled by DR.. r. v Pierce, of Buffalo,
and through his knowledge of those mysters
les he has been able to pref are his Golden
Medical Discovery" which is specific for all
blood taints, poisons and hunIors, such as
scrofula, pinplcs, blotches, eruptions, swell
ings. tumors ulcers and kindred affections.
By druggists.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Improvement of Live Stock.

To those who make farming business
farming in its best sense-the subject
of the greatest interest is live stock, for
without live stock there can be no,per-
manent success in agriculture. Mixed
husbandry is the best of all husbandry :;
and mixed husbandry without farm ami
mails would be an absurdity, something
that only a lunatic would persist in.
Generally all this is readily allowed; it is
seldom, however, that it is properly and
in the right spirit acted upon. In this
inaction is implied incapacity, which is
the most melancholy feature of the stu
alton. The chief hope of the future, as
to all this is the fact that there is a
growing belief that the highest order of
mind and business ability can find ample
scope for the exercise of its greatest pow
ers in the study of agriculture. In all
the more highly civilized countries of
Europe can be seen the practical demon
strstion of these ideas, and the necessi-
ties of competition will force the Ameri-
can farmer to adopt the same practices
or to throw up the sponge. Machinery
is doing all the drudgery of the farm,
consequently more time can be given to
the farm stock. The first step toward
this ends to employ only thoroughbred
mass tbs not enough that the male
be d good-I0ofdng grade. A grade may
looksjust well as the very. best of the
kind,tMtit has been demonstrated that
his excelleneies, are. mot transmittable,
while the qualities of the thoroughbred
are~tixed and hardly ever fail to be trans
mitted. 1t is not infreauent that grades
are disposed of to the unwary for thor
oug hbreds, hence great care should be
= used in buying and none but reliable
dealers be trusted, for, if the start is
wrong, time and money are thrown away.
Journal Of Agriculture
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Friend of WO,nap

Friend of Wom,,
p, Tbs title >. is often applied to Mrs 1.ra,>
flnkham' OF Lynn Mass, by happy u as
and mothers who have been cur icy WI
tressing disorders and relieved of Of
suffering by Mrs. Pinkham's Vecota run
pound. Mrs. L. H-of Str,tt l0s
says in recent letter: ssYour ro,'n G!
done me SO much good that I do,,t ias
can stop taking it until am entiro, nhk
owe all my good feelings to Won ~ wei
tor can't get any credit for curiro | ds
your medicine that has done mo i
than anything | have ever takan , God
maker in Findlay, O., says: 81 J.. ure
rived so great benefit from the usa -, 4
Vegetable Compound that recomn, go|
the strongest terms, with the ut,nnetild
dence end am sure it will curn ~ cCat
stubborn cases. l consider if Tue Mel
better than any other prtparstio, "r3 mn,
all Female Complaints" 'Hiele ii
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
High-water Marks---City milk prices
5000 Not Called For.

It seems strange that it is necessary to
persuade men that you can cure their diseas
es by Offering a premium TO the man who
fails to receive benefit. And vet DR.. Sage
undoubtedly cured thousands of cases of OBJ
stinatc catarrh with his ,"Catarrh Remedy, :"
who would never have applied to him, if it
had not been for his offer of the above sum
for an inc,lrable case. Who is the next bid
der for cure or cash!
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

q great zeal OF the
wealth he ha s
amassed he owes,
to his own enter
prise and pluck,
he has been fortu-
nate in his asso-
ciates, and has
generally had rich
a nd influential
men cooperating.
with him. Mr..
Armour was born
in the year 1882,
in OnOndaUa
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

their way TO
wealth from a
humble begin
ming. He is one
of four brothers
who have made
their mark at the
bar, in the pull
pit and on the
bench. MIR. Field
was not especial
ly known until
his eXcrtionS re-
suited in the sue
cessful laying of
the first Atlantic
cable. This great
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

Every human soul has a germ of som
flowers within; and they would open il
they could only find sunshine and free
air to expand it. l always told you that
not having enough sunshine was what
allied the world. Make the people happy
md there viii not be half the quarrelins
Or tenth part of the wickedness there
is
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
Goats milk ought to make good butter.

= Ruptures, pile tumors, fistulas,
and all diseases except cancer) of the lower
bowel radically cured Book Of particulars
two letter stamps. Worlds Dispensary Med
ical Association, Buffalo, N. Y.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

The purest, sweetest and best Cod Liver
Oil in the world, manufactured from fresh,
healthy livers, upon the seashore. It is alb
solutely pure and sweet Patients who have
once taken it prefer it to all others. Physi-
clans have decided it superior to any of the
other oils in market. Made by Caswell, Haz-
ard & Co., New York.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28

A highly perfumed Soap will not heal or
cure skin diseases, neither will it beautify and
soften face and hands; try "Beeson's Aromat-
ic Alum Sulphur Soap 25 cents by Drug
gist, or by mail VIM. Dreydoppel, Phila., Pa.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
). Romgh on Cntnrrh. ,,

Corrects offensive orders at once. Complete
cure of worst chronic cases. also unequaled
as gargle for Diptheria, Sore Throat, Foul
Breath. SOC.
The Democrat. (Scotland Neck, Halifax Co., N.C.) 1884-1896, 1885-05-28
RICH AMERICANS.

Field. the Now York Capitalist-Ar.
mour. the Chicago Pork Dealer.
CYRUS e. Field is one of those dlstln-
cuished Americans who have fought