Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1885-10-09
MILITARY NOMENCLATURE.
Syuonynes Of Organizations in the Vol
Unteer SerVice-A Useful Compilation.


Syuonyunes of Organizations in the Vol
unteer serViee-A Useful Compilation.
F~o1n the Es,o York Hsrald.
WASHINGTON, Oct with view OF
furnishing needed information concerning
the local and other extra-otticial names
borne by volunteer organizations, the Ad-
iutant General Of the Army has published
large octave volume OF 30l pages, enti-
tied - List OF Synonymes Of Organiza-
tions IN the Volunteer Service Of the
United states During the Years 1861, go,
49, "a and co." 1t contains, arranged
first by States and then in alphabetical
order, the local names, the early official
designations, and the regular or final
designations Of all regiments, bat
terie~ Of light artillery, Independent com
panies and battalions that were at any
Time known by more names than one.
The large number of synOnymes found in
the book is partly accounted for by the
fact that many volunteer organizations,
especially the short term ones, had a spe-
cial name for each company, the Twelfth
Wisconsin, tor example, being composed
OF the Lyon Light Guards, Pioneer Rifles,
D0dgeyille Guards, West Bend Union
Guards. Wisconsin Volunteers, River
Sackers, EVergreens. Green Bay Union
Guards, Wisconsin Union Riflemen aud
kickapOO Rangers. In addition 10 these
ten synOnvmcs the regiment itself had
one-the Marching Twelfth.
Ia the early part Of the war almost
every regiment was raised under local
name. In some instances the names OF
political societies were adopted. The two
regiments organized under the auspices
of the old wings of the New York city
Democracy were better known as the
Mozart and Iammany regiments than
as the Fortieth and FOrty-second New
York volunteers. In other cases the
names OF commanding officers, prominent
citizens, state and national officials, To-
calities. etc. were adopted and we find
kerrigan Rangers Twenty. New
York ;. D'Epineuil Zouayes Fitty-third
New York, Rush's Lancers (SiNth Penn
sylyauia cavalry Bragg's Rifles sixth
Wisconsinl Western Reserve regiment
one Hundred and Fifth OhIO), Saratoga
Regiment (Seyenty-seventh New York.,
stanton Legion One Hundred and Forty
6nh New York;, Cameron Light Guards
, Eighty eighth Pennsylvania) J, and a host
OF others.
PRESIDENTIAL sYNONYMES.
The names of eight Of the seventeen
Presidents Of the United states, from
W ashington TO Johnson, appear IN the
list Of synonymes. The Father of his
Country is naturally in the van, there
being fOrty-fOur w ashingtOn blues, grays,
inYincibles, guards, rifles, yagers and
Old Hickory follows with six
teen Jackson guards, rifles, etc, among
which is the New York Tammany regi-
ment. Jefferson gave his name to one
regiment, the Fifth New York National
Guard, and two Pennsylvania cOmpan-
les; three Wisconsin companies were
called Madison Guards, SharpshOOters and
IOuaVes espectYely. A three months
Ohio company was called Monroe Rifles;
the One Hundred and Second New NOrK
was named the Van Buren, Light Infantry
Maryland had a Tyler battalion Of three
the FIRST New York cavalry,
the Twenty Illinois and Company
ID, Sixth Massachusetts Militia, We're
called Lincoln Cavalry. Lincoln Rifles
and Lincoln Light Guards respectively
and the District of Columbia furnished
the Andrew johnson Guards, a three
months infantry company.
PATRIOTIC AND STATE SYNONYMS.
Considering the nature Of the conflict
the number OF "Union," NATIONAL and
'United States" cadets, grenadierS. grays,
guards, legions, rangers, sharp-shooters,
lOuaves and what not, is not surprising.
here were also Federal Guards, Free
dom Guards. American True Blues, Con
stitution Rangers and eagle" troops Of
various kinds, incl ding ScrOg2s' Easle
Brigade OF the Fifty-thlrd, Seventy eighth,
Ninety-lith and One Hundredth New
York Volunteers.
TIE Empire state furnished the Empire
Brigade, also called Splnola's Brigade,
made up of the One Hundred and Thirty
second. One Hundred and Fifty-eighth,
One hundred and SiXty-third, and One
Hundred and SlXty-!Ourth regiments;
also the Empire city regiment Thirty
second New York }, Empire Light Cavalry
{ Second Veteran Cavalry and the EN-
pire Zouaves { b. Sixty-sixth New York ).
1t likewise supplied Sickles' Excelsior
Briga de- the SEVENTEEN, Seventy-6rst,
Seventy-second, Seventy-third, and Seven
ty-fourth New York, the Excelsior Rifle
Legion (Ninety-secOnd New York J, and
three Excelsior batteries. Massachusetts
had Bay State Light Infantry
"a militia company; Michigan named
heavy artillery company the
Wolverine Rife Rangers; New
Hampshire had company of Granite
State Guards, Pennsylvania furnished
ten Keystone organizations, all for short
periods, except the Keystone Zou ayes
(Seventy-siXth Pennsylvania and the
Ringg0ld battalion OF cavalry { C,Twenty-
otCpuA CdNd airy - NtihiuHb Hdu u Soil-
pany Of Green Mountain Guards, and
Wisconsin had two Badger batteries of
artillery and two Badger companies OF in
tantry. In connection with State syno-
nymes it may be noticed that out of 10
pages devoted to "Synonymes of States"
Missouri takes up % pages. New York %,
Pennsylvania y, Ohio 10, Massachusetts,
and Illinois II each, Wisconsin s, Michi-
gan 6, Indiana >, and Maryland and Kan
sas each.
BODY GUARDS AND ESCORTS.
Twenty-niue companies were known as
"body guards and eighty-seven as
"escorts,p wiki the surname Of some
general as prefix. For example. Za-
gOuyi's battalion, Missouri volunteers ;
Company G., Benton hussars, OF Missouri :
and Stewards and Bracken's INDEPENDENT
companies mounted Indiana volunteers
were known as "Fremonts Body
Guards" and Company A, Third West
Virginia cavalry. as "tremonts Escort"
"Rosecrans' Escort is the synonyme OF
one Indiana, one Missouri. two Illinois
and four Pennsylvania companies.
Grants Escort' is the synOnyme OF
Company A, Fourth Illinois cavalry, and
Ford's Cavalry Company, OF the
sixteenth Illinois Infantry. The
Seventh Independent company OF
OHIO Sharpshootcrs was "Sherman's
body guard" and Palmer's Independent
Pennsylvania cavalry company or Ander-
son Troop was "ShermHn's escort" II Is
also known as "Rosecrans' escort" being
one Of the tour Pennsylvania companies
above mentioned Gen sheridan does mot