Morning journal and courier., 1885-05-14
1. M. 0. A.
A Practical Talk by Df. g. Hartwen Chapman-sssan1tar Conditions Nee. essary to Health in our HoInes',- Interesting and well Hll1stEpted.

A Practical Talk by Df. 8. HartweIl Chapman-ssSanitary Conditions Nec- essary to Health in our Hones's- Interesting and Well IllHstgMted. Dr. s. Hartwell Chapman lectured before | the Y. M. c. A. last evening upon Sanitary l conditions necessary to health in our homes. :" l We all know how much ill-health there is in the homes of this city and all cities, and
 much of it can be prevented by more per | feet sanitary system. Not only can half of the misery and ill-health be prevented, but much expense can be saved. One of the greatest essentials to health is sunlight ] Nothing in the vegetable kingdom but toad stools can grow without it, and so in the | animal kingdom it is necessary, especially | with children. Homes are better constructed l on rise of ground. Dampness settles on 1 the ground to depth of about sixteen feet l and this can be avoided in large measure if | the houses are built high up in the air. It is | never healthy to sleep on the first floor in 8 | city.
 I Air is another essential. The amount of | oxygen in common air is very small and varies greatly with the time in which rooms \ are kept closed. The doctor here showed in teresting statistics taken from various school l rooms and theaters showing the decrease of oxygen in a short time in which the rooms were kept closed. Such rooms are unhealthy and should be freely ventilated and that con stantly. A single open fireplace gives suf6- cient draft.
 Every disease has regular origin and growth, as do plants. Each has it's own sys- tenn, and if the proper soil is not found growth does not follow. Different organisms produce only their own kind. The germs of disease have been found to amount to one million to the cubic inch in 8 crowded, close room. The breath is full of living organ isms, which are not visible to the eye These germs are generated and multiplied in sewer gas and when they come in contact with the body produce disease. Malaria, pneumonia or rheumatism, heart disease and lung troubles are forms of these diseases; also there are many minor ills to which almost everyone is subject. Pasteur, French experimenter, has pouring oxygen over them. They germinate
 inside of capsule, and, swelling, burst the capsule and grow, each containing innumerable germs and
 each bursting to give way to the growth of those which are in it. This process goes on indefinitely. We cannot prevent the ger1ns from originating but we prevent their coming into the house. A simple trap for the cesspool is no protection, as currents of air are passing through the soil all the time and the germs go right through the trap. Milk is the most dangerous fluid to drink, as it absorbs everything. All pipes should be of cast iron with lead joints Putty joints are eaten through in short time and spread the germs of disease. The cesspool should not be ventilated into the chimney, as often there is down current in the chimney blow ing all over the house. The old pan closet is decidedly no good and should never be toler- ated.
 The best way to build is to have the founda- tion thoroughly cemented as then the cur rent of air through the soil is prevented from
 entering the house. Gases must go from the
 cesspool, but we can prevent their going into
 the house. By an arrangement which gives
 strong current of air in one column, the
 cold air will kill the germs of disease. Of
 course where this is provided there
 must be system of two col
 umns or pipes. Dr. Chapman had 8
 large number of drawings which well illus
 trated the systems of sewerage in houses and
 the way in which all the arrangements work.
 This was one of the most practical talks
 which the Y. M. c. A. have enjoyed and the
 audience last evening were much interested.
 Dr. Chapman is very pleasant talker and
 explained the drawings in such clear way
 that he could not be misunderstood.