The Hartford herald., 1885-02-25
Tho Cause of the War.

| The origin Of the present Egyptian
campaign dates from the reign Of
Ismail Pasha, q shrewd ami uuscrupu~
lOus intriguer, WHO succeeded said
Pash3 la 1853, and accumulated a for
tune FROM the expiration of cotton
during our civil war This mon ~ he
Iavished on Turkish officials till he soon
found himself lavo.ite with the Sui
tan and endowed with almost regal
power H- had been educated in Paris
and hi~ ambition was TO Europcauiz@
Egypt aud make Cairo the Paris of the
East. To accomplish this purpJ-e DE
borrowed money by the million Al he
most eXotoitaut rates Of interest Thi~
money wa not devoted To- national our
poses, bot was expeL,ied ia Oriental ,li--
play, la bribing lavoFite friends of the
Sultan in CoDsfautiuopIe, ia covering
Egypt with palaces, and stockigg ha-
rems. The feilaheen, oF native p0pu-
lation, we've roubed 20 pay the int crest
on these debts, from which they de-
rived no beneiif, aud which they had
no share in contracting, aud. when the
money could Tot be raised, the I<he-
dives tax~gathefeTs used 90 surround
the Villages, catch the inhabitants, and
ply the hlstinado tai the taxes were
paid.
Nj last things came To such e pas
that ismail could borrow no mouey,
and the fellaheen could pay NO more
taxes. Ia the Interest Of the bondhold-
ers, mostly English and French. Ismail
was deposed, atd his son the present
ruler, made kheliye 70 secure pay
ment on the bonds, a joint or dual
control was established over Egyptian
finances by England ami France. Sir
Rivers Wilson, the English represents-.
tive, dismissed from public employment
all the native Egyptian officials, aud
Hooded the country with "A swarm of
hungry English officials, who knew
nothing about Egypt save that il
owed them eXOi bitant salaries. \
spirit oi dissitection soon manifested
itself, aud 4 national party was formed,
headed by Nrabi Pasia, All officer of
the army. \ bFawl occurred in the
streets of Alexs ndria, which WAS mag
niied By the English press into
wholesale massacre, and measures
were taken by the English Govern
ment to suppress the Egyptian Nadou.
al party, now IN incipient rebellion
against the kheiive. who was only a
puppet in The hands Of his English and
French masters. France refused 20 90
operate with England in suppressing
the rebellion, and the latter resolved 10
act alone. Admiral Seymour lombard /.
eel Alexandfia, aud Wolseley. passing
through the SUez caual, met the Egvp-
tian army at Tsl-el Eeber, defeated il /
and captured Arab Pasha. who was /
banished TO Ceylon.
Meantime the Arabs Of the Soudau-I
an immense tract Of country compris-
ing kord0lau, Nubia proper. Senaar
aud Toka on the east, aad some Nile
districts further south under tie lead.
rFship of FL Mahdi, the false prophet,
bad risen in rebellion against Egyptian
rule, ami held the Egyptian garrisons
prisoners, The SOudan region had been
aDGeXod since 1921, hut was
never reduced 90 complete sutiectian.
Il was the center Of the great African
slave trade, which had always been
monopOlized by the Arabs, and which
was partially broken up by Sir Samuel
Baker and Gen. Gordon in the service
IF the knedive, some years before.
England having undertaken a. restore
order in Egypt, now found herself com
nelled to iiberate ;he Egy piian garri-
'ons and suppress the Mahdi's rebeIlinn.
The Arabs, or the other hand, were in
tiSated to resistance under the im-
pulses of patriotism, religious fanaticism
md the profits of slave catching. Hadi-
JOHRdL