davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10

Doubtless some nerve and foresight is
needed in railroad manager to initiate
such radical changes voluntarily. Per-
haps in certain sense it may be said
that he could not do it. In that case
it is often good for one to be compelled
little. Some boys will not wash their
faces in cold water without little COM
pulsion, but they soon find it is good
for them, and they grow to like it. In
default of any way of approaching or
influencing our railway rulers, it seems
to us that the farmers have work cut
out for them in the legislature. We
believe that the present prohibitory
freight rates on small shipments are
illegal by the common law. If not, they
should be made so by statute. What
we want is railway commission, con-
stituted of capable and progressive men
of independence and patriotic spirit,
who will see justice done between the
public and the carrying corporations.
Such commission would stand between
the parties in interest, and open way
by which both can live and thrive
helping the farmers by enabling them
to 90 to and from market with their
products proftably- helping the cor
porations by gently making them en-
large their own business, and eventu-
ally their profits, by properly serving
the people. With such interests to
serve we ought to select men for this
service with the care we use in select
ing our judges of the courts. The office
should be honorable, honored and suf1i-
GENTLY paid, and no money could be
better spent by the taxpayers of the
state. The stronghold of all abus es is
popular indifference. If popular indif-
ference to the matter contin ues, Yer
mont must be content to live, as she
now lives, in the GIBBS and shadows Of
fortune, rather than in the full and free
current of successful life.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
Eastern Massachusetts and Northern
Vermont.
We clip the following from the Ne,r
ENGLAND Farmer:

We clip the following from the Ne,o
England Farmer:
THE SEASONS PROMISES Under
date of May 10th, DR.. Hoskins of New
port, VT, writes: 8 We are just begin
ming to have a little spring. Goose
berry bushes are green, pOplars are
leafing out, lettuce, spinach and onions
are getting above ground and hot-bed
sash sliding their whole length" Al
same date, in the vicinity of Boston
crocusses are past bloom, tulips in full
perfection of beauty, the lawn-mowers
running in the sunny yards, and pear
and cherry trees nearly at their best.
In our own grounds we have peas six
inches high, and potatoes that have
been up two weeks, and are growing
finely, though the leaves have been
touched lightly by frost several nights.
have given thick setting of grass in
the rich meadows, which promises well
for good hay crop. The apple crop
generally, in this section, will be light
after the heavy yield of last year
though good many trees will bloom
full. Grape vines have suffered badly
from winter-killing, and live peacl
bud is exceedingly difficult to find.
1t is true that we do not have 81
early spring by about two weeks al
Brother Cheever has in the old town o
Dedham; but we fetch up even will
him by the first of July. When sum
mer comes here we have it without fog
or east winds, and in ordinary season
vegetation goes right along to maturity
Visitors from Boston and vicinity hav
often said to us, in SURPRISE" Why, W
havnt had any native tomatoes, o
green corn, or melons Gas the cas-
may beg at home yet" when we hay
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
Experiment Stations.
The Neec Enqlond Farmer saws:

The NeC England Farmer says:
GA somewhat acrimonious debate
took place in the state senate on Monday,
the question being the appropriation of
an additional $4,000 for the State Agri-
cultural Experiment Station at Am
herst. Senator Cogswell attacked the
bill on the ground that the state has
spent enough money on the agricul-
tural college and the experiment sta
ton.
I" Senator Sessions of Hampden
showed how the farmers and manufac-
turers are sending in so much work for
the experiment station to do that the
expense of carrying it on has been ma
terially increased. The value to the
manufacturing interests, without re-
gard to the farmers, or the work of the
station, is more than its cost. A great
deal more and better work can be done
with the extra appropriation. The
policy of the state for years has fostered
the manufacturing interests, and has
indirectly worked injury to the agricul-
turists. They must study the scientific
principles of economical and profitable
farming to compete with the products
brought in at low freight rates from
the West. This was the need and pur-
pose of the experiment station.
Senator Andrew of Boston opposed
the bill. He thought the state had
done enough for the agricultural col
lege and experiment station. 1t would
be better to have a permanent fund es-
tablished for the experiment station,
so that it would have regular, fixed
income outside OF state appropriations
annually.
Senator Scott of Middlesex OPP
posed the bill, very consistently, as he
has opposed every measure this season
that was intended to benefit the far
mers.
"Senator Marden of Middlesex was
heartily in favor of the bill, and the
work done by the experiment station.
"The debate at times became little
personal, and the contempt of some of
the metropolitan senators for the hay
seed legislators was scarcely yelled by
parliamentary courtesy. The bill, how
ever, was ordered to a third reading on
Tuesday by nearly unanimous vote.
There is really no room for argu-
ment as to the benefits to be derived
by the farmers from a properly con-
Quoted agricultural experiment station.
The interest with which the station re-
ports of the analysis of commercial fer
tilizers have been received, and the
intelligence with which these reports
are read by the farmers, are alone evil
dence enough of this, even leaving out
of the question the pecuniary saving
that has resulted therefrom. No intel
ligent or progressive farmer in the
commonwealth would now be willing
to give up what we already have in the
way of an experiment station, and The
most intelligent of them are the mos
DESTROYS to see its sphere of usefulness
enlarged.
" Massachusetts, has legislated fo
the benefit of its manufacturers, iii
railroads, its shipping, and many othe
interests, all of which require the taxa
ton of the people, on the ground tina
, il was for the common benefit of tn,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
Hardness of Apple Roots.

In cutting the sprouts, May Goth, that
came up around my apple trees, l see
by the leaves that the trees sprouted
from the stock below the graft These
sprouts were all winter-killed down to
the snow line, or within few inches
of the ground, except at one tree. Yet
the wood where l cut them was very
white and healthy-looking. l don't
think hardy trees can generally be
grown from sprouts. think that most
any apple root is hardy enough to sus-
tain a hardy top; however, further OBJ
servation may prove that seed from
crab apples or the hardest natives is
best. Our chief concern may safely be
given to have hardy tree above the
root. z. Ell.
REMARKs.-In using seeding roots
for the root-grafting of nursery trees
there is no way of ascertaining the
hardness of these seedlings, as the
seeds are sown in the fall and the seed
lings dug the next fall for grating in
the succeeding winter But experience
has shown that apple trees are rarely or
never killed in their roots, even when
the tops are entirely destroyed by win
ter's cold. Our own experience is the
same as Mr.. Us in regard to the ten
derness to cold of sprouts springing
from the roots of grated trees in this
climate. Nine-tenths of them fail to
endure the cold, and are killed to the
snow line every winter. But notwith-
standing this, the roots that send up
these tender sprouts are never injured,
except when the tree stands where the
snow is blown off and the ground is
bare all, or nearly all, winter In such
situations, however, it is of no advan-
tage to use crab roots, for experience
shows that the roots of Seeding crab
trees will, under the same circum-
stances, be killed just as quickly and
completely as trees root-grafted on COM
mon seedlings. We have tested this
matter thoroughly. We find seedlings
from Russian apples usually prove hardy
in their tops, and sprouts from trees
root-grafted ON Russian seedlings usu-
ally do not winter-kill. But the roots
of these same trees will be killed, if
they have no winter protection either
from snow or mulch.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
A Professors Condensed Wisdom.

Professor Caldwell of Cornell Uni
versity, some time since, made sugges-
tive address on fertilizers before the
Massachusetts Horticultural Society in
Boston. In conclusion, he summarized
his doctrine on the subject as follows:
O) That if enough of the needed
elements of food of the gardeners or
horticulturist's crops cannot be obtained
in stable manure or other animal waste,
it can be procured in the trade in I'M
limited quantity, and in every degree
of availability depending on different
grades of solubility, and in the greatest
variety of mixtures, to suit any whim or
fancy of any crop or crop-grower.
(2) That profitable crop-growing can
be carried on for at least many years
with these commercial fertilizers alone.
CD That the most evident distinction
between stable manure and commercial
fertilizers, and the distinction upon
which we should therefore base an eX-
PLANTATION of the greater reliability of
the former, is its large proportion of
vegetable matter, or humus-forming
material, of which commercial fertiliz-
ers contain practically none.
(4 That soils contain, in difficulty
soluble condition and therefore not
easily fed upon by the crop, all the
needed elements of plant food.
(5) That humus, by the decay it
suffers in the soil, furnishes carbonic
acid and other solvent agents, and this
carbonic acid appears to play an i'm
portant part in the nourishment of
crops by bringing this native insoluble
stock of plant food within their easy
reach.
Co That even if we add water-soluble
plant food to the soil, it becomes largely
insoluble before the crop can feed upon
it or needs it; therefore soluble plant
food added to the soil in commercial
fertilizers also needs the help of the hui
mus finally for its solution.
ca That plant food, in most animal
and vegetable residues used as manures,
costs much less than in commercial
manure.
(S) That in spite of the disadvantages
that under some conditions attend the
use of commercial fertilizer, they are
nevertheless a very important and
necessary help in crop-growing.
Coz That in using these fertilizers the
wisest course appears to be to make
ones own mixtures of the raw mate
rial, as well for securing better ma
nure as for economy in the first cost.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
0rcharding In Orleans County.

In the spring of 1882 we grated sew
eral trees, about six inches in diameter
in the branches, to Wealthy and Mac
intosh Red. One tree grated to Wealthy
was the Cleveland Yellow, which is the
hardest of the crab-apples. In the
spring of 1888 the remainder of the
branches of the original tree were cut
away, and fifteen live CRAFTS were grow
ing in that tree. In 1884 some sap
sprouts grew and the CRAFTS made good
growth, although some of the branches
below the CRAFTS had dead streaks, such
as we call sun-scald. In the spring of
1885 nine large CRAFTS were dead and six
alive, and the branches heretofore
grated, although long enough to graft
again, are not alive enough to graft
upon. This top-grafting is just about a
failure, as it spoils the looks of a tree to
saw it up for grating, and the gratis
and tree both partially or completely
die. l have two hundred or more of the
August apple, the Tetofsky, which l
should like changed by grating to a
winter apple, but i doubt whether it
can be successfully done. l have
mulched four hundred trees with straw
and manure, and hope it will do them
some good. There is to-day MAY 27th)
very profuse display of bloom in my
orchard. Z. E. j., Irasburgh, vt.
REMARKS BY AGRICULTURAL Ed
ITOR.-Mr. Jameson's farm is situated
in the narrow and frosty valley of the
Black river, about ten miles from its
mouth at Newport. Mr.. Jameson's
land is not very much higher than our
own on the lake, as there is not much
fall to the river below it, But it is, for
some reason, very much frostier in the
growing season and colder in winter
so that several varieties of apples that
do well with us fail entirely with him.
But the Russian apples, such as Ouch
ess, Tetofsky and Yellow Transparent,
are perfect success with him, as is also
the Wealthy. Sorts like Fameuse, St.
Lawrence, Magog Red Streak and the
Swedish apple, so often called Russian
the Red Astrachan-do very poorly.
In regard to the top-grafting of crabs,
it is very uncertain business. Gener-
ally the result is as Mr.. Jameson found
it, but two crabs Cor rather crab-crosses)
have proved good stocks with us, and
we have fine trees of Fameuse grated
on Montreal Beauty, and of Newport
Winter Sweet on Pringle Sweet. We
have also had the best of success with
Tetofsky as stock, nearly everything
succeeding on it. We have not tried
the Wealthy, but believe it would do
as well on Tetofsky as Alexander,
Fameuse, Prolific Sweeting, Fourth of
July, and half dozen more sorts that
we have found to succeed on that thrifty
and hardy stock.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10

At no other season is the system so sus-
ceptible to the beneficial effects of re-
liable tonic and invigorant. The impure
state of the blood, the deranged digestion,
and the weak condition of the body, caused
by its long battle with the cold, wintry
blasts, all call for the reviving, regulating
and restoring influences so happily and
effectively combined in Hoods Sarsaparlla.
Hoods Sarsaparilla did me great deal
of good. 1 had no particular disease, but
was tired out from overwork, and 1t toned
me up" Mrs. G. L. SIMMONS, Cohoes, N. Y.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
advertisements.
Spring Medicine

When the weather grows warmer, that
extreme tired feeling, want Of appetite,
dullness, languor, and lassitude, afict
almost the entire human family, and scrof-
ula and other diseases caused by humors,
manifest themselves with many. 1t is i'm
possible to throw of this debility and expel
humors from the blood without the aid of a
reliable medicine like Hoods Sarsaparilla.
81 could not sleep, and would get up in
the morning with hardly life enough to get
out of bed. 1 had no appetite, and my
face would break out with pjmples bought
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10

REPORTS from Iowa are to the effect
that the spring finds a large part of the
orchard trees of Iowa in dead or dy-
ing condition. Trees that had borne
full crops of fruit, and had thus far es-
capped severe injury, now succumb to
the severity of the climate. The point
of first importance there is to find vari
cites that will stand the climate, rather
than to find those of good qualities. 1t
is said that varieties introduced from
Russia are proving hardy. The Rus
slams, then, may do for a section OF the
country where to live is the main thing
to be sought, but in a section like the
most of Maine, where good fruit can be
grown, let us stick to our Baldwins and
Bellhowers, and leave Russians alone.
We cut the above from the excellent
Maine Farmer, and thoroughly agree
with our able brother orchardist and
editor, Mr.. Gilbert, that Baldwins and
Bellhowers are the apples to grow for
market where they succeed. But we
want to ask him if he isn't drawing it
rather too strong when he says they
can be successfully grown in 4" the most
of Maine -? We have first-rate Maine
authority to the effect that the area in
Maine within which the Baldwin is
proftably grown is less than 1000
square miles out of her $4,000, while
the Bellhower's area is very much less,
being mainly confined to favorable
spots near the banks of the larger
rivers in the lower part of their course
AS for the rest of the state, either the
I" iron-clads " must be grown, or none.
We will add that it is a great mistake to
suppose there are no good Russian or
iron-clad apples. We see no reason to
doubt there being just as many first
class market varieties and good keepers
among them as there is among the old
sorts.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10

set these things before them from our
own garden. AT this date MAY 2S)
June grass and orchard grass is head
ing out, apple trees are going out of
bloom, and the spinach that was just up,
May 16, is almost ready to cut
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1885-06-10
agricultural.

nR- This department is wholly under the control
of the agricultural editor, I. II. HosKINs, MD.
Newport VT, and he alone is to be held responsible
for the opinions herein expressed.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01

The round up started from Medorai
Tuesday morning and is now at Wads-
wofthss and Will camp four miles below
him tonight. The smoke bothers the
boys greatly and tits feared that some.
1t the cattle viii be missed and that there
viii be q consequent increase Of nave
Kicks found IN the spring s2
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01

Julius LeAioyne Of Washing ton, Penn,
and president Of the LeMoyne cattle CO.,
arrived last Saturday evening from his
home. II has been decided to keep the
&c herd on its present range for this
winter at least. Mr. LeMoyne thinks Of
starting a blooded herd here, for the
purpose Of raising range bulls, an enter
prise we haye hitherto advocated as
Offering greater profits thar any other
branch Of the cattle business. Mr.. Lee
4 Moyne q president Of the Washington
4 county breeder association. in Penn
sylyania and possesses great facilities
for starting such q herd
#ss jos. imm0, Jr. ex-chief 0f the
bureau Of Statistics and editor Of .'Range
and Ranch Cattle Area Of the United
1 States. & besides many other works was
here Tuesday and yesterday and made
ns avery pleasant cal. He is looking
up facts soon to appear in "a popular
work on cattle raising. mr.. Kimmo goes
east tomorrow morning but will return
\ in . week and make his next stop west,
IgssSat Niles city. 4.
There e probably not q more success
4 full mercantile insti tuition on the line Of
the road than the Boston thing, Boot
and Shoe store, In: its various branches.
Tive canses have CONT ibnted to this sus-
cess an abundant use Of printers Ink To
1sattrart and shaid custom and ian honest
4 and MD carried out Int ntion Of giving
value for value received. The FIRST fact
q ilInstr ated by the large id. appearing
IL this issue Of the Cow Boy and the
second can easily be proven by 9 visit to
{ the Hedora branch 81 this Institution,
presided ioYer BY 4. y. Gordon. II
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01
Notice to the Public.

N Office to the Public.
81 Previous to my removal from Medora,
Twill sell all goods in store, consist,
ing Of all kinds Of king and chewing
tobaceos, all kinds Of pipes, cigars, con.
fectionery, stationery and notions at cost
for cash. N
CHAs. Cook.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01

Snpt. Green was in town Saturday
looking oYsf the ground preparatory to
building new stock yards here. No par
;ticrilars have as yet been learned but on
account Of the difficulty Of finding feed
both at Dickinson and Mingusvilleit is
probable that large ones will be built
simmedi lately.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01
\ Si];ss 3,SEis
Attention.

4 = 1 55s Attention iys s1s S
Now is:tle time and Cooks is the place
where you can buy cheap for cash, peck
et-kniyes, pocket books, mout f-oTg ans,
razors and razor-straps. pipes md cigar
holders, photograph and autograph "a al
buns r: etc. etc. 533s ]. s;3s
y F F,fs. .ss:sS}s CHS. COOK.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01
fc,slr..sals.

For SD Il. I
a good base burner, hard coal stove
with heater attachment Il ller 81 War
rem manufactures. Will soil reasonably
| on account Of lack of use. "a
ID. 4. WADE,
Aledore,
\ Oak.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01
Freig hters Attention
H Be sure and take your watch to the
King jcWeler, spearGshior Deaawood for
repairs.
Oats For Sale ";
4 IN quantities to suit pure hasers.
me-, n BECKETT 3 FooTE, V
3ss2sf Dickinson, Oak.
NUltice.S
Ire,p[airs.I

HI ice
For sale. lot eleven, N block nineteen
and house thereon, property Of John
O'SulliSan. 4 A.
For forms apply to, N
n. ] Al DRiEscHE.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01

4 II The general Offices Of the Ref. Car Co.
have been moved from st. Paul to Ne
dora. n Il
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01

Postmaster HARRISON, 9. Il. Zirngebel
and Geo. =. Scales, OF Belfeld, attended
the sale here Monday. The latter char
tered a 1attar or something and
brought along Che prize potato Of the
season. Itswasraised near Bslfield and
except nsize Is said to- be a fair sample
Sof his crop The West Missouri country
ought 70 come to the front with such d
vegetable to advertise it.
The Bad Lands cow boy. [volume] (Little Missouri, Dakota [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-1886, 1885-10-01
B ,ANDs G Boy
AuRspAY. ocTo ODER i 1885:
Far Vest cigar at Roberts s Co.
. b 4. u GKlARD.

NJ The general Offices Of the Ref. Car Co.
have been moved from st. Paul TO Mel
dora. q 5ss
j. II. Buster snperin Intended tile delivery
of five hundred Hashknife cattle to the 4
Go. this morning averaging 1865.
You will never make mistake IN
buying cigars, is you go to Roberts q
Co.'S. and order q S Far est" or Our
Pet s eigar. They beat any cigar 81 in
town rsthe money n
I've are debted to Mr.. John Carr 8of
Delayans an, for late papers from his!
i loiihe. Ne returned home from his visit
It'd Dick, with y very much and faforabiy
i changed idea Of Dakota.
Sheriff Harmon has made many friends
in Medora and il it laid with Billings
county to give him q life lease on the
Office Of sheriff IN Morton county he
would easily get il.
Geo. Porter left last week for Chicago
and the east, on his annual purchasing
tour for the Cos. general store. Messrs.
Keller and Grymes will hold down the
store during his absence.
F. S. Bemis. Of New York, lately OF
Ransom county Dakota. came to Medora
$ last Saturday and has joined the round:
up. He intends getting a practical in.
sight into the cattle business and may
go Into if.
AT lis recent trial in Miles City, Win
Roberts was found guilty Of stealing sil
horses at the Hashknife camp last win
81 tor. We hear that he has been senten
..s ced Il 81 ytaanss Years in the nanitantiarY
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1885-11-13
A TERRIBLE ACCIDENT.

A Little Girl Throws Dynamite In the
Stove SCATTERING Death and Destruc-
tiOn.
MILwAUKEE, Wis, November l2,-Par-
ticulars have just been received of q dis
tresslng accident which occurred near the
little village of Rockfeld, 26 miles north of
this city this morning, The little four.
year,old daughter of Jacob 'Dhein, a lime
burner and stone quarter, accidentally
picked up large dynamite cartridge used
for heavy blasting and threw it into the
kitchen stove. A terrific explosion fol.
lowed, shattering the house, killing the
little girl, fatally ipjuripg Mrs. Dheiu,
and seriously mutilsting other members
of the family. The cbild's head and arms
were torn from the body, it's head being
found quite distance from the house at
taohed 10 the family dogs head, the ami
NAL having stood by the little ones side
at the time of the explosion. The mother
had both limbs broken and her body mutt
lated. She cannot recover. Mr.. Dhein
had several bones broken, but he is thought
injured. The force Of the
explosion was 80 great as to scatter por-
tions Of the building for miles about.