Morning journal and courier., 1885-07-24
From Yesterdays Extra Edition.] ULYSSES S. GRANT.

! of Scotch descent. His boyhood was not re ! markable, and there was nothing in it to in
 dicate that he would one day become great ! When he was seventeen years old he entered
 the military academy at West Point. He
 had been christened Hiram Ulysses, but
 when he entered West Point he was set dow1
 by mistake as Ulysses S., and so he remained
 Ills career in the military academy was not z
 notable one. He graduated in 1S43, receiv. ing the rank of brevet second lieutenant He was assigned to the Fourth infantry, and
 was engaged in all the battles of the Mexican
 war, save that of Buena Vista, and for his
 bravery received two brevets. In 1S4S he
 married Miss Julia Dent, the daughter of 6
 leading merchant of St. Louis and having reached the rank of captain in 1854 he re-
 signed his commission in the army and en- gagged in farming near St. Louis. He was
 not success as farmer He then went to
 St. Louis and tried to earn living, but did
 not get 8 very good one. Among other
 things he tried the real estate business and
 failed
 The breaking out of the war found Grant l at Galena, Illinois, where he was engaged in the leather trade with his father and broth CT. He was thirty y-nine years old and entire ! ly unknown to public men, Nobody would
 have picked him out as the man who was to
 become the successful leader of our great ar
 mics. When President Lincoln's first call l for troops was made April 15, 1861, it found 1 him ready, and four days afterward he was
 drilling company of volunteers at Galena. l After having offered his services to the Ad- ! jutant-General of the army without receiv- ! ing any reply the Governor of Illinois en- ployed him in the organization of volunteer l troops. He was soon appointed colonel of ! the Twenty-frst Illinois infantry. He took command of his regiment in June, and i'll l August he was commissioned Brigadier Gene | ral of Volunteers, on the recommendation of l the Congressmen from Illinois, with none of whom, it is said, had he the slightest person I al acquaintance. On the first of September he assumed the command of the district of southeastern Missouri, and on the 9th he, 1 without orders, seized Paducah, command ! ing the navigation of the Tennessee and the Ohio rivers. Early in November he was or dered to make demonstration in the direc- l tion of Belmont, about eighteen miles below ! Cairo, his headquarters. He effected this l movement with great skill and bravery, land I ing at Belmont and breaking up the enemy's l camp with tremendous odds against him. In l February he moved up the Tennessee against ! Fort Henry in con junction with naval 1 force, but the fort was silenced by the gun
 boats before the troops arrived He now again without ordefs, moved upon Fort Don, aldson, and with force of fifteen thousand ! men laid siege to garrison of twentty>>one thousand. After three days of hard fighting | he carried the works by assault, capturing great number of prisoners, small arms and cannon. This was the first great success of the national troops and its results were of great importance. It here that Grant replied to proposition of the rebels to treat with him: ssNo terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. l propose to move immediately upon your
 works" The terms were complied with and
 the stars and stripes soon huttered over Fort
 Don naldson.
 These events called attention to the man
 who spent his time in working instead of
 talking, and the Secretary of War recom-
 mended him for a Major Generalcy of Vol
 unteefs. The President nominated him the same day. He was assigned to the new mil
 itary district of West Tennessee, with "lim-
 it's not defined" About this time he began
 the friendship and intimacy with General Sherman which has lasted ever since. In March he moved up the Tennessee and en- camped with thirty-nin thousand men on it's west bank near Pittsburg Landing, waiting the arrival of General Buell. with forty thou sand more troops. On April 9th the rebels came out from Corinth fifty thousand strong and while five thousand of his men were be- yond supporting distance set upon him with overwhelming numbers, hoping to crush him before Buell. arrived. There was a hard fight, but Grant held his ground until the arrival of Buell. turned the day in his favor. Two days afteward General Halleck arrived at the front ard took command of the army, Grant remaining at the head of the right wing and the reserves. In July, Halleck be- ing made Grants Chief Grant succeeded him in the command of the department of the Tennessee; and September 19 fought the battle of Iuka, which was only an incom- plete victory owing to the failure of General Rosecrans to carry out his orders.
 In October, 1862, General Grant proposed to theGeneral-i in Chief the capture of Vicks burg. November 3 he began a movement into the interior of Mississippi While threatening Vicksburg in the rear with thir- ty thousand men Sherman was dispatched along the Mississippi river with forty thou | sand to attack it in front. This movement 1 failed, mainly from the fact that the princi- ] pal base of General Grants supplies was l surrendered by Colonel Murphy, who was in 1 consequence dismissed from the army. In l January 1S63 he took command in person of the troops in the Mississippi valley and l soon laid siege to the city of Vicksburg, which was surrendered to him July 4, 1863, with twenty-seven thousand prisoners. This l event is considered by many to be the blow l which broke the backbone of the rebellion. l
 In October General Grant received an or l der for new command-the military divi- l sion of the Mississippi, including all the ter | ritory between the Alleghanies and the Mis- | sissippi river, excepting what was occupied l by Banks in Louisiana; the three depart | ments of the Tennessee, the Cumberland and l the Ohio were all Grants. After the memo | rable campaign of Chickamauga, and the l suffering of the army of the umberland it | involved, came the battles of Chattanooga, l Missionary Ridge and Lookout Mountain ssHooker's fight Above the Clouds" The | battle of Chattanooga is considered the | of ha covered thirteen miles and Grants men num- bered sixty thousand, the Confederates hay ing forty five thousand, with every advan- tage of position. In consequence of all these brilliant exploits Congress ordered 8 gold medal for General Grant and presented 1 the thanks of the nation to both him and the | army.
 On March IF, 1864, General Grant became Commander-in-Chief of the armies of the United States, and announced that his head quarters would be with the Army of the Pc tomac in the field. He then began the work of winding up" the rebellion. With nearly seven hundred thousand men he at once planned two campaigns, one under his own command against Richmond, defended by General Lee and the other under Sherman l against Atlanta, defended by Johnson. He began the movement against Richmond May 1 3, with an aggregate force of 14O, GOO men and to place himself between the Con l capital and the Confederate army. But General Lee foiled him by taking the offsnsive and precipitating, with advantage to the Confederate arms, series of battles. After the partial success at Spottsylvania he forwarded to the government the dispatch closing with the memorable words: E1 pro pose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer" His losses in this campaign, from May to June 15, were 54, ,551. Lees losses were about 32, 600. General Grant now be- gan the siege of Petersburg, which ended af- ter the victory at Five Points in April, 1865, 1 when Richmond was evacuated and when | Lee. pursued by General Grant, was forced l to surrender his army at Appomattsx Court l House. And thus was the great soldier whoaf had been so misunderstood finally and com pletely vindicated. General Badeau says of l his military career: It is impossible to un derstand the early history of the war with l out taking it into account that neither the | government nor it's important commanders