The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1885-06-03

spending the summer season.-Hcssea-
ger.
....Ihe semi-decennial census of Chat
tanooga, Tenn, gives the number Of in
habitants at p, I0l, an increase Of over
100 per cent since 1880.
1.-THE little daughter of Mr. ". G..
Thomas fell from the bed on Friday night
last and broke her collar bone. no seri-
ously We hope.
...pounduaKer aud his braves sur
scndered to Gen. Middleton......R. NJ.
Schuyler, Of Memphis Tenn, was killed
10 a difficulty with his step.son, a lad of
fifteen.
1--WE had a pleasant call from Rev.
DR.. Deems yesterday afternoon. The
Doctor knows a printing office by heart,
having been struck by printers ink"
as he said, when he was eleven years
Old. at which time he wrote his first ar
icle.-GreensDoro Workman
....Fort Keogh, Montana, May -.
AT Fort Custer, Montana, as Lieut..
De Frees of the Fifth Infantry was fir
ing at the 3O0-yard target, a soldier of
the First Cavalry, without displaying
the danger signal, walked from behind
the Uullet-proof butt in front OF the tar
get just as De Frees pulled the trigger.
The bullet tore off the crown Of the SOL
dier's head. No blame is attached to
Lieut. De Frees.
..Reterring to his recent defeat by
William Beacq ON the Paramatta River,
Hanlan Is reported to have said 81 sim
ply met a better man than | was at the
time. | was beaten fairly and squarely.
| will return to Australia in eighteen
months and try MIN again. Beach IS the
best man ever met, and | am authorized
by his hacker to say that he is ready to
row any man in the world for from $1,000
to p, 600, and allow travelling expenses"
....The numerical strength Of the
trades-unions of the United States is
given by a stati5tician familiar with such
matters at about Gil, $50. Ofthese about
30, 900 belong to more than one organ
ization. The number includes about 25,-
900 Socialists. The body having the most
members is the knights of Labor, which
has a reputed membership Of 100, 900.
Next in strength come the miners organ
i~zation, with about GO, 600 members, and
the iron and steel workers. with Il, 900.
The laborers in the building trades are
organized to the number Of %, 900; the
international Workingmcn's Association,
20, 600; the horseshoers and hlacksmiths,
10, 600; telegraph operators and hreInen,
10, 600, shoemakers, II, 900; cIgarmakeIs
9OOO;cotton weavers, 5000; plasterers, 1000
carpenters, 1000; locomotive engineers
and tiremen, "A, 900; railroad brakemen,
Is, 900. and go on through the list. Con.
sidering the small number of organized
w~orkingmen and the larger number not
organized 1t may seem strange that labor
organization occupies 50 much attention
and is able to exercise so much control in
fixing OF wages.
....If we were to take a girl the nat
ural size of whose waist was twenty
four inches, put on her a small pair of
stays, aud draw those stays in till the
waist measured sixteen inches only, that
GIRL would faint almost Immediately, and
unless the stays were opened, would
probably die from failure of the hearts
acting, owing to mechanical pressure
on the hcart-One OF the evils brought
about by the external compression.
But if we were to take a girl ofthe same
age and height, whose shoulders and
hips measured the same, but who from
childhood had been gradually accustOn-
ed to tight lacing, we should find that,
with a waist Of only sixteen inches, the
vital functions were still being perform
ed, although, as might be expected.
health was feeble, for not one organ OF
her body on which the pressure had been
exerted would be in It's right place.
The deformity caused by tight stays
is unfortunately generally effected so
gradually during the years of growth
that the sufferer is unconscious OF any
harm. Moreover, Just as the ChinOOk
infant will cry when its head bandages,
are removed, so the wOman whose body
has been crushed out of all semblance
to its natural form by the gradual ap.
plicatiOn Of pressure by stays each sue
cessive pair of which is tighter than the
last, will eNclaim finer corsets are taken
away, Il could not exist without then
support. My back aches without them,
and | feel as if | were falling to pieces
Mr.. Bethune says, THE points | wish
to make are these |. Nothing can ranb
DIS d SOOu ltllIiiLcI NulCu Cdu NC StlClD
applied at the rate of six, or ever three,
inches deep over the whole surface ,
And that at twenty-five cents per bushe
it would bankrupt the user Of them al
the rate of three inches deep over the
surface. 3 Even muck or leaf mould
used at the above rate, would produce
marked good results on almost any worr
land"
will classify Mr.. Bethune's points
under three heads, and a~nalyze them il
the order Of their classification.
Point IL infer from his a%llusion tC
safety, that he supposes that ashes, APP
piled in the above-named qantity, would
have about the same effect as an ordinary
guano-i. e., burn up vegetation-where
as, in nay opinion, there is a total dis
similarity between the two.
Commercial fertilizers are the element;
required as plant food in a highly con
centrated form, some of the elements be-
ing found in fossil deposits, and separa
ted from inert matter, as silicon, etc
others, again, are manufactured from
the refuse of slaughter houses, soap fac
tories, tan yard, fish establishments, etc.
etc, If they are not obtained in a con
centrated form in the process of manu-
f~acture, they are subsequently reduced
to that state by manipulation. aud the
reason is obvious; the manufactured ar
ticles requiring less storage room, which
enables transportation rates to be obtain
ed at the minimum figures, and also re
lieves the consum of the onus Of pay
ing freight on and handling inert matter
These highly concentrated elements
an nnnlaatIpp tn tho coil havra GrSt r.,
become Incorporated with the earth
forming the various phosphates, s%ilicates
carbonates, ETC., before they can be as
simulated as plant-food; hence, the DANCE
of large applications of ordinary guanot
lies in the fact that they may destroy tn
tender %rootlets and feeding cells of til,
plants before nature has time to elaborat,
the various elements into plant food.
Ashes, Oh the contrary, are alread,
elaborated; the various elements are Their,
in ,o+,ro'S OWN form raoIv 70 ha aSSJmI