davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03
The DYING Naturalist.


Frank Euckland's biographer records
that when the gre I naturalist lay dying,
90 cd is so good he said. SO very good
to the lit fishes. do not believe
would let their inspect suffer shipwreck
at last l am going ON a long journey.
where ] think l shall see great many
curious animals. This journey I must
90 aloaa
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

Origin of ''Pin-Money."
Hs-per's Bazar'


Who thinks of "pin money" as suggest
ing stately observance of splendid
court? let such it really ma, Is well rs
bring TO mind the fact tLat in the reign o
Henry VIII pins of metal were great
luxury so much cons dered that the SOW
ereign had special act passed for the
true making Of prnnes. and decreed
that Their value sh 'u!d be tixel at
shillings. pence a thousand-a sum rep
resenting twenty times. at least that
money to day.
p to the sixteenth century pins had
been made of all sorts of wood bone and
silver the poorest classes us ng a sort of
small wooden skewer, but when the metal
pin was first introduced it be anne sort
a sort of lu ury. as we have said. and
with it is associated a curious custom of
the same and later periods of
making gifts of money and wearing ap.
parel to sdies of any rank or station.
The queen was not averse to receiving q
gift of gold pieces from any of her sub
.ects but in order to give the present an
air Of cunferrng ia or on the donor
special occasion was made for such gifts.
New Year and Whitsuntiie. and other
holidays being appointed by fashion for
these donations, and a little further dust
was thrown into the eyes OF deicacy 4.
calling them ~pin-moneys' Or glove
moneys.
j.. ccordirgly. the lady whose income
was sad t. include pin money was re
garded as specially lu curious personsg"
Il being known that the lit art;c es were
n sort If outside expenditure, and from
this arose the use of the term in marriage
settlements, it bel g understood that pin
'monei constituted peculiarly persona
income. the sum which the wife Was 10
have settled upon her for her own excl
s.ve use and for wh h she was to rend
no account to her lord and master; but al
the resent day it is often intended to
supply the ladies' wardrobe
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03
AT THE PORTAL.
New Orleans Times DemocratI

New Orleans Times DemocratI
Moses are green In the untrod walks,
In the broken fountain the water sleeps,
One white statue the silence mocks
With q gsstursd promise it never keeps.
Rank upon rank, and flle upon nle,
All silent the lily trumpeter, stand.
In the hushed u>psnse of tine dusky aisle.
Waiting-still waiting the word Of COM
maud.
Closed il the portal-the curtain drawn
Is it sleep or dea h that broods on the airi
Oh, when shall the far-of morning dawnf
The morning Of mornings-heavenly
When the sculptursd lips shall utter their
cry
And the lily trnmpcts ring glad alarms,
While win low an portal open fly,
AMI yield my love again to my armsi
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

IL is curious that even among the Greeks
q MILESTONE so neary allied 10 knife
was of old presented to any one who
pulled the long bow The allusion in
both cases Is to that sharpening of tho
wits win ch the habit of telling b0uncers
is ant To produce
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03
Gain Both W ays.

I'VE encourage the interchange OF Wis.
its with the patrons of other resorts. said
the proprietor ( leading summer hotel:
when our peo! le are away for the day
they pay for he dinners they don have.
aud when Their frienls return the call
they pay for the di. ners they do have. %
we gain both ways
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03
Everybody studying English.

According TO late ad ices from 'apan
every man of any means. and even the
local officials. in the Toysma prefecture,
is studying the english language 1t ap-
pears to be general heiief that those vhu
do not know the English tongue are be-
hiud the times
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

One of the two free circulating libraries
in / hi. adelphia, that of the riends in
Germantown. permits no work Of fiction
upon its shelves. yet IL Ioaus nearly 5000
volumes a ear. and about 25.Oo0 people
come annually to read in its rooms
The leather product of the United States
amounts 10 5000, 0OO, 900 per annum
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

There are now in London 1877 ragged
schools, in VIII ch are gathered upward of
60 00O children. most of whom were taken
from the lowest state of poverty.
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03
A ya.aahl. Cen.rlv.aee.

An invention which would be of great
service here has just been patented BY Mr.
hammond, of Belfast 1t shields the
wheels OF tram cars so as TO prevent tho
possibility of injury to auy person failing
between them. Though simple It ful.
fills its purpose.
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

The governor of the island of samos
has discovered tunnel measuring 1000
feet in length. and constructed at least piEe
centuries before the Christian era
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

"How bright ths summer prospecs
would be. exclaims The Baltimore
American. @if seventeen vear locusts were
on.y fond of nausquitoesls
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

During all seasons of the year. it is said.
the earth at aku SIX. siberia, is frozer
from the deplh of fifty feet TO thai OF
about 1000 feet
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03
ADVERTISER ENTs.

rcr transient advertisements, ten cents q
Hne for first Insertion; i've cents q line for
each subsequent insertion.
Local Notices ten cents e line for each inssr.
tton-
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

Fifty years ago schoolmasters had no
clocks or watches but told tile time of tho
day b.. mark On the 1ioor. or If cloudy.
guessed at noon
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

Merchant Traveller. The sculptnred
face on a gold coin may be beautiful, but
neither tears nor smiles ever break Its
monOtony,
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

No cars or wagons or vehicles Of any
kind on wheels are known In the capital
Of Madagascar
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

The highest poiut ever reached by man
was by balloon-2;. 100 feet
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

Many of the plants in the Tuileries gar
dens are 2VQ and $40 years old
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

Marriage and death notices, NOT exceeding
stx lines published free. All over six lines
vii be charged ior at regular advertising
rates.
ks-iu advertisements due when inserted,
unless otheEwise agreed upon.4S
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

TERMS. 11a Advance
One ycar. ........................Ns %
Sin nonths-.... .....s...s.....s..'s...... 4 10
The Brookhaven leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1883-1891, 1885-09-03

VNYTNTmore money than at anything else
w by taking an agency for the best
selling book out. Beginners succeed grandly
None fall. Terms free. HALLErr BOOK co.
Portland, Maine.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

A NEW shock has been given the Dem.
Ocratic nerve by the discovery that a
good staunch Republican, in the person
of DR.. John Gregg Lee, has been ap-
pointed Secretary of Legation at Con-
stantinople. The administration disa>
vows any knowledge of the Doctors
politics, and charges the appointment to
the Hon. S. S. Cox, the present Minister
to the Turkish Sultan's court. Mr. Cox
will doubtless assume the blame, II any
there be. 1t is customary to permit min
listers to foreign countries to select their
own secretaries of legation, of which
privilege Mr.. Cox availed himself. In
urging the appointment of DR.. Lee upon
the President and Secretary Bayard, he
said nothing about the Doctors politics,
and if they took it for granted that he
was Democrat, Mr. Cox has committed
no criminal offense. He doubtless had
good reason for recommending his friend
although happening to be Republican.
DR.. Lee is to be permitted to 90 to his
post, and will undoubtedly discharge the
duties of the position quite as we'll as
if he had been dyed-in-the-wool Demo.
cratic cepperhsad.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

Now THAT it has been settled there
is to be no contest over the Speakership
on the Democratic side, interest centers
in the coming action of the House Re-
publican caucus. The Republican who
receives the complimentary nomination
for the Speakership will become by such
selection the virtual leader of the mi
nority. There are really only two can
didates for this honor, although other
names are occasionally mentioned. The
two candidates are Frank Hiscock, of
Now York. and Tom Reed, of Maine,
with the odds decidedly in favor of Mr..
Reed. Both are men Of ability and great
experience. Ex-Governor Long. of Mas
sachusetts, is named, but he is new
member, and will hardly get the dis
tinction.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

A NEW and improved explosive has
been introduced into the famous Krupp
factory, at Essen, which is spoken of by
European journals as possessing superior
value to any other explosive yet invent
ed. 1t is called cocoa powder, and is of
a chocolate color. 1t is asserted that
with equal pressure, this substance gives
greater velocity to ball than can be
obtained with ordinary powder, while its
smoke is less dense and consequently
clears off more quickly. In several tests
it was found that one seventh less of it
was required to produce given results
than of ordinary gunpowder. But the
merit specially advanced in its favor is
that it begins combustion moderately
and steadily, and then, when the projec'
tile has started through the bore, burns
ing with great rapidity and consequently
with tremendous impelling force. The
method of preparation is kept secret.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
BILI0USNESS.

Bilious symptoms invariably
arise from indigestion, such a.
fuPred tongue, vomiting ofbile,
giddiness, sick headache, ir-
regular bowels. The liver Sc
cretes the bile and acts like q
filter or sieve, to cleanse impu-
rites OF the blood. By irregu-
1arity In its action or suspen-
sions Of its functions, the bile
Is liable to overflow into the
blood, causing jaundice, saIlow
complexion, yellow eyes, bill
1ous diaPPh9a, q languid,
weary feeling and many other
distressing symptoms. Bilious
ness may be properly termed
an affection Of the liver, and
can be thoroughly cured By the
grand regulator Of the liver
and hillary organs, BURD0CK
BLOOD BITTERS. Itacts upon the
stomach, bowels and liver,
making healthy bile and pure
blood, and opens the culverts
and sluiceWays for the outlet
OF disease. Sold everywhere
and guaranteed to cure.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
PAP'S OLD SAYIN'.
Pap he used to have a sayin'

Pap he used to have a sayiR'
That I'll never quite forgit-
And they're seven growed up children
OF US recollects it yitl--
Sittin' round the dinner table,
Gossipin' of friends, perhaps,
Er abusin' of our neighbors,
| kin hear them words of pap's-
"Shet up and eat your vittalsT'
Pap he'd never argy with US,
Nor cut any subject shert
While we all KEEP shet of jawin',
And was actin as we ert;
But eff we'd git out of order
Like, sometimes, family is
Faultin' folks, er one another,
Then you'd hear that voice of his:
''Shet up and eat your vittals"
Was no hand hisse'f at talkin'-
Never hadn't much to say
Only. as l said, pervidin'
When we'd rile him that away;
Then he'd allus lose his temper
Spite O. fate, and jerk bis head,
And slam down his caseknife vicious
While he grit his teeth and said:
'Shet up and eat your vittalsi"
Mind last time when pap was ailin'
With a misery in his side.
And had hobbled in the kitchen
Jest the very day he died;
Laury Jane she ups and tells him
Pap, you're pale as pale kin be
Hain't you feard them there cowcumberi
Hain't good for yeu?" And says he,
"Shet up and eat your vittaisT
Well I've saw many a sorrow-
Forty year. through thick and thin;
I've got there and I've got 'tuckered'
Time and time and time aginl-
But I've met many trouble
That hain't run onto twice,
When I'd turn to overhaulin'
Them there words of pap's advise,
"Shet up and eat your vittalsp'
james Whitcomb Riley.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

THE President has furnished the coun-
try another exhibition of his peculiar
kind of Civil Service reform. He has
removed General Huidekoper, the eff
cient postmaster of Philadelphia, and
appointed in his place William F. Harri-
ty, whose only claim to the place is
based on his services as chairman of the
Democratic City Committee. This ap+
pointment was agreed upon at meeting
in New York some time ago of Demo-
cratic members of Congress from Penn+
sylvania. In making this and other
changes there the President has undoubt-
edly been largely Influenced by Mr.. Ran
dali. 1t looks as though Jacksonian ire
form" was looking up.-N. Y. Tribune.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
TEACHERS EXAMINATIONS.
Iss5-6-Belmont County, Ohio.

I'd Saturday OF Nov at Belmont.
I'd Saturday OF Dec at st Olairsville.
I'd Saturday of Jan at Bridgeport.
I'd Saturday OF Feb at st Clairsville.
% Saturday of Mar at Barnesville.
I'd Saturday of April at s: Olsirsville.
I'd Saturday of May at Bellaire.
ID Saturday of June st Morristown.
St. Clatrsville at close OF Institute in Aug.
RULES.
Examinations begin at o'clock a. m.
Testimonials of character are required Il
applicant is not known to the Board.
Certificates Will not be Rntedsted nor exN
tended.
Tests In the higher branches will be given
at close Of Institute ONLY.
Certificates VIII be dated and issued by the
Board In adjourned session on Saturday fols
owing each examination.
SCALE OF GRADES FOR CERTIFIoATEs.
A frst-class Is years. certificate is granted
higher branches and the scnool law with DO
grade below 70, provided applicant has bad 80
months experience teaching.
A seeond~clsss "a years. certificate is grant
two higher branches and the school law, with
no grade below 20. provided applicant has had
"a months experience in teaching.
third>class g years. certificate is granted
one higher branchs and the school law, with
no grade below 65. provided applicant has had
10 months experience in teaching.
A fourth -class q years. certificate is granted
upon an average OF rs per cent, including the
school law, with no grade below so, provided
applicant has had Il months experience In
teaching,
ffth-class q year, certificate Is granted
upon an average Of IS per cent, with no grade
below So.
Z Z 4 AHEzAMREh' &zAfERss Board of E1.
e>3 1y ]. A. HENDERSON,
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

IT is said that all that is left of the
house in which Shakespeare resided dur
ing the latter portion of bis life and in
which be died is a part of the foundation.
The last owner pulled the house down
because he thought he was being taxed
higher than he considered due. He also
cut down mulberry tree which was
planted by the poet in order to rid him.
self of the annoyance of people coming
from all parts of the world to see it.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
Church Directory.

DRESBYTERIAN CHURCa-Rev. R
4 Alexander, pastor. Public worship every
Sabbath; morning service, IL; evening
service, Z. Sabbath School, 900 am. Young
mems prayer meeting: Tuesday pm; gen.
eral prayer meeting: Wednesday 2 pm.
Strangers welcome to all services
M ETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
ARev. W. II. Haskell, pastor. Sabbath
preaching: II am; 7p.m. Sabbath School:
2:30 pm. Young mems meeting: Friday Z
pm; general prayer meeting: Thursday z p IN.
Strangers are cordially invited to all our
services.
TINTED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH
" Rev. Thomas Balph, pastor. Sabbath
School. 10 am. Public worship: II am.
Weekly prayer meeting: Friday 8 pm.
Monthly prayer meeting: Last Saturday of
each month, pm. Woman's Missionary
Society: Last Saturday each month, pm.
District prayer meetings: First Tuesdays,
Wednesdays Thursdays and Saturdays each
month, pm Young women's prayer meet
ing: second Saturday each month at the
Parsonage, pm.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

A GOOD advertisement in good news
paper, is the best of all possible sales
men. 1t is a salesman who never sleeps
and is never weary; who goes after bG-
siness early and late; who aceosts the
merchant in his shop, the scholar in his
study, the lawyer in his Office, the lady
at her tea table, who can be seen in I
thousand places at once, and speaks to a
million people every day, saying to each
one the best thing in the best manner
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

FOURTH CLASS Republican pestmas>
ters are being removed from Office at the
rate of one hdndred per day, and still
the Democrats are not happy. They are
anxious to have the speed of the guillo+
tine increased so as to behead ten thous>
and day.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

IN Senator Sherman's opinion too much
attention has been paid in New York to
the Mugwump element and not enough
to the active workers. He thinks Car
Isle will be elected Speaker, and the
most important question to come before
Congress is the silver question.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

SPRINGER proposes 10 revise the House
rules so as to take three of the regular
appropriation bills away from the Ap-
priation Committee, mot to reduce Ran
dall's influence, but to facilitate the
transaction of business" These things
are judged by their effect, not by what
Springer says.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

THERE is no telling what they may
find in the illimitable west. A man liv+
ing at Red Wing. Mimi. has a pair of
golden candlesticks which he says he
dug out of an Indian mound at Waukes-
ha. Wis, and which he thinks are the
golden candlesticks which formed part
of the decoration of Solomon's Temple.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

G. A. PEABODY, of Philadelphia, bought
in New York, few days ago. the very
same watch wern by Major John Andre,
the British spy, when he was taken by
the three American soldiers, Paulding.
Van Vert and Williams. The watch
has the inscription: John Andre, 1774.'
Colonel w. Smith bought it for thirty
guineas when it was sold for the benefit
of Andres captors, and gave it to the
British General Robertson to be sent to
Andres family. But it seems that the
watch has never been out Of America
since the day of the spy's capture. The
sale the other day was at auction and
the price was $50.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

BROKERS in Charleston and Columbia
are again purchasing Confederate bonds,
and paying $1.75 per $1,000 for them.
They refuse to give any reason for the
demand. and perhaps they have none to
give, other than their orders come from
Richmond, and the instructions are to
buy all that are offered at that price.
What anybody wants with these pieces
of waste paper is mystery.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

INDIAN SUMMER" is term applied to
an indefinite autumnal season of fine
fair weather with haze. Some date its
beginning about November 15, but that
is arbitrary and not warranted by the
season itself. Such a brief season is apt
to come in November, as every American
knows. In that summer" the Indians
used to gather their corn and scour the
woods for nuts
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
selmont county onlcIaI Director.

Common Pleas Judge-St. Clair Kelly.
Probate Judge-Issac q. CASTOR.
Clerk Of Courts-Wm. B. Cash.
Sherif-Leroy G. Sedwick.
Auditor-R. R. Barrett.
Tressurer-Edward L. Feeley.
Prosecuting Attorney-N. K. Kennon.
Recorder-W. 8. Hobbs.
Commissioners-OwenMeh Mehan, Morris Cope,
VIM. j. Berry.
Surveyor-John q. Mitchell
Coroner-P o. CriswelL
lnfrmary Directors-Joseph Bailey, James
B. Ritchey, John Sidebottom.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

The cattlemen are in hard luck. A
few months since President Cleveland
ordered them to remove their cattle from
the public domain, and now the United
States Supreme Court has decided that
they have right to fence in government
land. This decision will compel one
company to remove fifty seven miles OF
wire fence from single county in Ne
braska.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

THE Porte has ordered 10000 tons of
coal from England and sent S15O,0OO to
Hungary for the purchase of artillery
horses. This would seem to indicate
that Turkey intends to take hand in
the war now going on in the Balkans.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

"IN the chprchyard of Hughenden,' y
says London Truth, there is dilapi-
dated grave. The iron railing around it
is rusty, and, owing to the curb having
sunk, is broken and crooked. Beneath
this dirty, neglected and ruinous spot
repose the remains of Lord Beaconsfield. -
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

ACCORDING to a recent census of Kan
sas taken by the Board of Agriculture,
the population of that State has increas-
ed 27 per cent in five years.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

TIE cause Of Lees success in the re
cent campaign in Virginia is at last made
public. He always carried in his pocket
the left-hand foot Of graveyard rabbit
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
Published Every Thursday
Terms OF subscription:
Two Dollars Per Year In Advance.

If not paid within the year % per cent will
be added for each year it remains unpaid.
ORPIoE South side Main street, nearly op-
posite Public School building.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
Masonic Directory.

DELMONT LODGE, No. 16, F. IA. NJ.
ID Meets every Wednesday night, on or be-
fore full moon.
ROBT NJ. EATON, W. M.
JESSE B. MEYER, Sec'Y.
CT. CLAIRSVILLE CHAPTER, No. II,
ID Royal Arch Masons. Stated convoca-
tions, first Friday of each month.
]. B. MEYER, 81. P.
V. L. HAWTHORNE, Sec'y.
DELMONT COUNCIL, No. 54, R. & S. M.
ID Meets second Tuesday of each month.
F. D. BAILEY, T. L M.
J. B. MEYER, Sec'y.
HOPE OOMMANDERY, No. 26, K. T.
Ii Stated conclaves, first Tuesday of each
month. J. B. RYAN, f. c.
j. B. MRYRR, Rec.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

my physicians said 1 could not live; my
liver out Of order; frequently vomited green
ish mucous; skin yellow; small, dry humorl
on face; stomach would not retain food; Bur-
dock Blood Bitters cured me. Mrs. Adelaide
o Brein, 37s Exchange st., Buffalo, N. Y.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26
INI WELL RATED BUSINESS HnHSE

n in city or country, with banking facilities.
= who may be embarrassed or des1rous of OBJ.
tanning temporary ACCOMMODATION on their
paper. can secure same by addressing absoIus
lely confidential, Box 25l7, New York.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1885-11-26

The police of Columbus, Ohio, have organiz-
ed benevolent soliety.