Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1885-09-22

4 tAC AaENOAA III AApGAAA'AN
There can not be a doubt that the revo
luton in Eastern ROumelia was planned
by the leaders Of the people Of that prov
lnce, with the full knowledge and conni-
vance OF the Russian and Bulgarian au-
thOrities. This shows that the settlement
OF the Eastern question, made by the Ber-
lin Congress in 1878, was regarded by
some of the powers there represented as
| only a temporary arrangement, aud that
! this ie considered a propitious time to set
/ it at naught, aud take another step in the
! direction Of dIvesting Turkey of her little
remaining pride aud power.
The Congress OF Berlin met in 1873 to
! readiust the Eastern question in the light
Of the changes wrought by the victory of
tbe Russians and their Danubian allies
over the Turks. 1t was agreed by the
Congress that the Independence of
ot ROumania should be recog-
uized, that Bulgaria should remain under
Turkish suzerainty, but that 1t should
be elevated into an autonOmic princi-
pality, and be allowed TO maintain an
army Of its own; that Bosnia and the Her
zegovina should be placed under the pro
lection and administration Of Austria,
and that Montenegro and Servia should
be independent. Russia was allowed to
have back Bessarabia, which was taken
from her and given to Roumania by the
treaty Of Paris of 1856, rs well as to re-
tain the provinces in Asiatio Turkey,
Arabian, Kars aud Batoum.
.
formed to the south of the Balkans by
which IL was bounded on the north and
west, and il extended to the Black sea on
the east. This province was 10 remain
under the direct military aud political au-
JhOrity OF the Sultan, subject to certain
conditions OF administrative autonomy,
and 1t was to have Christian Governor
General, who was TO be appointed by the
sultan with the consent OF the powers
represented in the congress. Religious
liberty was allowed TO all creeds.
The people Of Eastern Roumelia are to
All intents and purposes Bugarians, the
province having anciently been a part OF
Bulgaria, and it is very natural that they
should desire to be reannexed to that
priucipallty and be permitted to enjoy the
liberty which is accorded to their former
compatriots.
1t seems probable that the revolution
has long been in contemplation and that
1t was deliberately planned with the OBJ
iect OF throwing of the Turkish yoke,
which does not appear TO have borne
very heavily on the Roumelians since
1878. The courtesy which was shown to the
Turkish officials indicates that there was
not any great degree of bitterness exist
ing in the province at the time of the re-
volt.
The revolution appears to have been en-
Hrely unexpected by the Turks, as well
as by the world at large, with the excep-
tion most probably of Russia, Bulgaria
and some other countries more directly
Interested in dividing out the Sultan's
domains; and its success was so COM
plete that it was entirely bloOdless. The
probability is that Bulgaria, enlarged by
tue annexation OF Eastern ROumelia, will
now hasten to declare its entire independ-
ence of Turkey.
The suddenness OF the revolt, and the
fact that considerable Bulgarian and
ROumelian force is already at PhlippOp-
oils, tho capital OF Eastern Roumella, and
almost at the very gates of Constantine
pie, seems to have almost psralyzed the
Porte. 1t, perhaps, suspects that Rus
STA, Austria and Germany have promised
to support Prince Alexander, part Of
whose army is said to be led by Russian
officers. 1t has appealed to the great
powers for the enforcement of the Treaty
Of Berlin, but 1t is probable that it does
not feel very confident that the appear
will meet with a favorable response. II
1t is true, as reported, that Aus
trian troops have been ordered
into Roumelia, there can be
little ground for the Sultan to hope
that the powers will interfere in his be-
half. Whether he will endeavor to re-
conquer the province or not depends very
much on the condition OF his army, the
state OF his treasury, aud whether the
BulgaFians and Roumelians are really
being supported by the three powers
named.
If there is q great conspiracy in East.
ern Europe against Turkey, 1t is not
likely that the Western powers will inter
fere, II they have assurances that their
interests will not be placed In jeopardy,
Such assurances have, doubtless, already
been given.
The situation in the East is one Of thrill
ling interest. If the Porte permits the re.
voting province to go in peace, IL will
have henceforth a very small hold on the
European continent, and it may not be
long before STEAMBOAT itself will be de.
manded by its enemies, and the Crescent
be driven across the Bosporus. II 1t at
tempts to enforce its claims by arms, an.
other war will doubtless be precipitated
that will equal or exceed in magnitude
and Importance that OF the conflict oil
eight years ago.
What About the Offices?
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