davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15
Indication OF PcniaI baptist Charch-
kditor PALATkA NEWS:
Improvement in all things should be

improvement III an thii'@7 1
H. order Of the day in AL well regulated
Ipmrannities. Our community "i re
AT Il aa4 IN exception to This dcS'f"pie
~ Sc 5niug~. Hence THEN char i md
y ia altering, ll-.rr"n6in5 and
III. their chtuch ouse. i'i'
kuliaIAg Is nov one Oh tAe nedteot, ali"
host convenient for a country church
n the county. The services OF e-open-
'ne the house took place on Sunday, the
18th inst. From all the surrounding
country for miles, not excluding the no
Ale CITY of Palatka, the people came
hooking, filling the house with as line an
audience as one could desire. The eS-
krcises commenced with n well executed
knthem. i'm which the Misses IIlghman,
Monroe. and other ladies, and MeSsrs.
cannon. Tilghman Brothers, and others,
bfsnlayed good vocal abilities. Miss Ida
CiIghman presided at the organ ana ex-
kcuted the music in a highly artistic
hammer. In fact the singing all day was
well rendered 10y the young people OF
Francis and PENAL.
The Rev. VIM. f. Stanton, of San Ma
20. preached the opening sermon. Inc
I.iscoslrse was more than ordinarily
Surprising display of pulpit oratory, gen
kaine eloduence, sound doctrine and rare
kill and taste. We rarely hear so line
display of pulpit eloquence.
Anexcellent collection followed, show
ing the iiberalty of the people, and ther
home the replenishment of the inner
man with the good things the ladle
rorn far and near had provided. Am
d. Justice being done to the abundan
resg Estf8n, the audience assembled ono
tnugo 10 hear the fine singing OF tn
Sabbath school children. Addresse
were made to the little ones by Messrs
Tilphman, ST., Stanton and the pastor o
khe church, Rev. DIR. Robinson. Thi
Exercise concluded, the Rev. j. w. w
Place, pastor of the Palatka Bapti>
Church, assembled the pulpit and div
cred most excellent and appropriat
sermon, which interested the audienc
to the close. The sermon was fine dt
scri,,tion Of Jerusalem as type of til
christian Church, for beauty, strengt
and desirability. These last thought
were finely elaborated and PRACTICAL
applied.
The dedicatory prayer was offered b
Rev. Jacob Thomas. who offered to IL
Divine Being, church house all pal
for. Some sixty dollars remain i'll I'll
treasury, which will be expended for q
orran for tile church. On the Who'll
tie settlement ii Peulai lave SHOW
great energy and hberalty, and ha'
rendered the settlement desirable for Il
home or new residents to reside in.
q
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15

Chicago Inter Ocean.
Gen. Blank was to make n speech at
reunion at Winona. He has the rep
utation of being a temperance man, and,
as this reputation came to him without
his asking, he is somewhat proud of it,
and doesn't want to lose it, But it is
very difficult for him to speak without
stimulart u some kind, and he has Gle
yised many ways IA which t. take q
drink "a .be -Iy. ca this OCCASION the
neral arranged with ONE q DIS init
...ates tnat when nc had been speaking
half an hour the friend should bring him
q drink of whisky in a coffee cup.
The plan worked well up to a certain
point. The general, at n signal from his
friend, paused in his eloquent address to
take his coffee. He turned and saw his
friend standing before him with n cup
and saucer in one hand and glass OF
water in the other. One glance at the
audience told him that the cat was out
OF the bag, and that his over-zealou:
friend had given him away. He made
4 the best of q bad break and proceeded t.
take his stimulant, the Grand Army boy
in front celebrating the event with roar
of laughter.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15
AGENTS FOR THE NEWS.l

Hsse following gentlemen are the authorized
Ernfs of THE PAI.ATKA DAILY AND WEEKLY
Us. in their several localities:
Il Dewitt, san Ma:co.
II ID Valentine. Nashua.
II Packard, Welaka.
Il Bard. Norwalk.
7. Marshall. FrtIitland, Fla.
a Rtc(atlun, Orange Mills. Fla.
+y Barriette, Georgetown.
knieI Darling, Drayton Island
liz Higly, Lake George.
7. burton, Crescent City.
d Sfrick land, Interlachen.
IMunroe, McHeekin.1
In q Braddock, Seville.
y Cewdon, st Augustine.
II Vogeibach, Melrose,
&arle5 Moore, Lake worth, Fla.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15

From i5.-. .ff4ut, sou.| itatiaIt-
..gv tstu,. Mars chapman, aut! i've AT
tt,., ..t.rtai.a. Williams AMI CaX streets, Al
;.t~sa. ghav.. been q sErr;gaful sufferer from
~,.ruts4i.t .u5 rInHfu>r. cutting eor"fui"iis u
.c..r, Tor SIX gears. t{avc I"vn waited upon
during tho. t.ui. uy seven Atlanta physicians,
hat hey f.,i.4l tn ,.3.rs. mo ALSO used va
tiatl. advertised remedies without the least
benefit. While, being thus treated, ! grew
worse. all the time. S.guTuI3Hs swcilIn2s on
I,.th sides of sny neck which became run
ming. eating sores. affecting my throat mouth
anna nose. Tho eating sores on my neck Were
q mass ct corrupt iuu almost DOWN 10 th''
bones Nj tl5ru.t hcclmc - much hht'lc'i
that could scarcely swallow, ny food l"d%-
in.e in n portion OF my throat. lost IL" aP-
petite entirely, lost nay flesh, and WIS reduced
a. a. pounds weight being mcF" skeleton
Ny whole system Lccam" terribly personnel
ANA in 81 fearful condition. In this runditi"I
I commenced the use of II. i. H., AMI found
rrcat relief the first bottle.
| when mad used FIVE bottles my health ha'
So much improved that the ulcers were al
hcfI.l fH,, Hing subsidized, my 9pu'tlte re-
/ turned, my skin bccam" active, my strength
returned and / gained Il pounds OF hes'i.
am now ,:caithy, fat and hearty, aud am abb
| to ,f,s as much work as amy woman, nnI Zee
| - ilgl,py rs :, ..r X
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15
NJ . T Il z r s.
FRIEND
,ra,.c- CHILDBIRTH ,...~y

II
.4 T.,
.st. .'t ''' -.
= W"i!s'it - : ''i' t.
"'i. y ,t'7''t'- tl'..-
5Iitti- " 40 80
est portion 81 tlt7 ne l'..,
tour years liI 'tt'0 ''t'ili,. -
pl-det5c", hii To- ch't'i-l't
ing woman rims Ftitr'l''--
'sc+ ana ti''' 'Nii'- "3'
3uGr, .-....
HI lltl III t.fs@ ~
anna Tn-daN t3t.'- tr1 t'''t!-
an41 90 ..'t .-'- W. ,tAt'i o..
C'lC ltI +ts'' nav t't-
ftt- 'f..tz''z' ~ 's-''' -
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15
To the Public.

would inform my old patrons and
the public generally taat my new hotel
win be open on Tuesday for the accom-
mediation of guests. Board by the day,
week or single meals at reasonable rates.
S. GRAHAM,
Corner Lemon and First streets.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15

Th.. fva-, h5ui " i'll give moonlight
~. ur.i.u on he riser on the evening Of
the, ll,h INST. for the benefit of the band.
The lady friends Of the band will fur
nish refreshments for the eXcursionlsts,
and the boys will do all in their power to
make the excursion an enjoyable one.
Messrs. Barnes & Roland, the live con-
tractors, have just finished the brick
work on the new brick block of Mr.. l..
o. Gold, of Leesburr, building OF %
feet front. and two stories high. They
will begin work on Mr.. John l..
Dunn's new business house on Front
street on tomorrow, and they will have
il finished and ready for Mr.. Dunn's
| grocery stock in n short while.
| A negro. while walking along the
street took off his hat and struck Mt n
wasp that had alighted on tall shrub
hanging over a fence. The boy put on
his hat. turned to a man and said: Il
thought got dat ar ole wass." "Didn' I
You Get him?'' mo, sab, but L" he
snatched off his hat, clapped his hand
on the top of his head, squatted, howled
and said: Blame fl didn't git dat ole
| wass.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15

This remedy is one about which W. cannot
IMMINENT to lie used after the Hrst TWO OF
three mont rs
send for treat iSc on the Health anu HapH.-
r1asS ~ woman free. which gives al ltrtICEI-
lars Sold by all druggists
THE BR ApFIEE-D REGULATOR Co.,
Box =. Atlanta. Ga.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15
PALATKA, FLA, SEPT. 10, 1888.
Reading Notices.

For SALE-Thousands OF old papers,
bod for many purposes. Apply at the
3EwS office.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15

b. order Of the day in AL well regulated
samnlnnities. Our community ot te-
af Il n84 III exception TO th's dcS'f"pie
80 sc bniug-. Renee THEN char nd
- i'll altering, le-"rr"no'"5 @lia
.,nu their c}u.ch ouse. Tin.
The Palatka daily news. (Palatka, Fla.) 1884-1888, 1885-09-15

CORRESPONDENCE

uolicited on al. interesting topics through,
II the state We will be especially grateful
= AL local items of interest { o the pubic.
Sws sent by wire should be ABBREVIATED when
tncticabIe, and sent after O'Clock 2. m, ad-
eaeef to PALATkA DAILY NEWS.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
Other Nations to he Drawn In.

LONDON, Nov. 1S.-Advces from Csnstanti-
nople Indicate that Turkey is engaged in a
series Of vast military preparations to preserve
the Integrity of her territory and to be ready
for any emergency. The porte has made an
other contract with the Austrian Lleyds for the
transportation Of thirty more battalions Of
troops frem Asia Minor to European Turkey,
While the arsenals at Salonca are making un-
limited preparations for conflict. General
business In that city is at standstill, aud all
the energies Of the authorities are devoted to
the embarkation Of troops, hsrses and guns for
the Greek frontier. 1t is believed that tue ma
jority Of the Turkish troops will be withdrawn
from the Roumelian frontier, and conceatrat-
ed OH the Servian frontier. st. Petersburg ad~
vices are to the effect that the Russian news
papers, both official and unofficial, unite in
condemning the fraticidal Servo Bulgarian
war, and declare that Russia will be unable
to sit quiz tly while Bulgaria and Servia tear
each other to pieces. Orders have been sent to
the Russian consul at Rustchuck, in Bulgaria,
to hold himself in readiness to leave with the
archives of his office at any moment, Believ-
ing that the struggle Of the Turkish empire for
existence is approaching, Lord Salisbury has
telegraphed to Mr.. White, the British repre-
sentative at Constantinople, instructions to as
sure the porte that England will do her utmost
to preserve the integrity Of Turkey.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
The DuIgarians Defcated.

BELGRADE, Nov. 18.-An official report from
the front states that the Seryians entered
Bresnki yesterday. The town was abandoned
by the Bulgarins, who, in their haste to got
away, left their guns. The capture Of Bresnki
leaves the route open to Sofa. Tho Bulgarian
army Of the Widen district is considered COM
pletely destroyed and disposed Of. Further de-
tails Of the capture Of Bresnki state that the
Servians carried eighteen lines Of entrench-
ments and captured one hundred and sixty.one
prisoners with number Of their rifles. The
bulgarian commander at Rresnki fed, leaving
his military papers behind him. The Bulga-
rlan volunteers fled with their leader. The
Daily news has dispatch from Sofia CONFIRM
ing the report Of Bulgarian victory. The
Servlans lost ten guns and three hundred and
fifty-six horses, and 1t is estimated that 5000
Seryians were killed Or wounded. Tho Bulga-
rians on Tuesday captured two hundred Ser
Wan cavalry. The Bulgarians have again re-
pulsed attacks on Dragoman.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
The st. Paul Globe.

II any Of our readers think OF subscribing
for a daily paper, we recommend them to try
the ST. Paul Globe. The Globe has an able
corps Of editors, gives the latest intelligence
from all parts Of the world both through the
reports of press associations and by special dis
patches and telegraphic letters from It's own
correspondents in all the principal cities Of the
country. The literary department Of the Globe
is fully up that of any daily in the country, and
Its short stories, one of which is published in
each Issue, makes 1t welcome visitor to every
family. The price Of the Globe Is only So, or
$40 for the daily and Sunday. We advise any
one who desires a good newspaper to subscribe
for the Globe.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
POrtlQnl'S Public schools.

School will begin in the new school house,
Portland, Dec. 1, next. The school building is
largo two-story edifice, built warm and with
proper bygenic precautions, aud when conl-
pleted will be furnished with the latest and
best school furniture. It will DO opened by
Professor Burrows as principal and his able
and accomplished wife as assistant teach
or. Mr.. and Mrs. Burrows have had twenty
years. experience in public and high schools in
Pennsylvania and New York, and come here
with the highest recommendations from these
States. Prof. Montgomery, Of the North Da-
kota University, gave Mr. Burrows letter Of
high recommendation to the school board here.
Prof. Burrows will teach the senior class and
will prepare any who wish to enter college, in
the necessary branches, including Latin and
Greek, while Mrs. Burrows will have charge
Of the children. Portland is to be congratu-
lated upon her good fortune in securing the
services Of SO good teachers. Students from
distance wishing to take advantage Of the ia
cilities offered, will be aLlo to obtain good ac-
commodations at reasonable rates. For par
ticulars write to w. S. Birch, Bank Of Pert
laud,-P0rt(and I3lter-O Ocean,
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
Dakotn's Senators.

A Yankton dispatch says: The legislature
elected under the state constitution is author
lied to meet at the tempory seat Of government
on the 14th Of next month. Both branches
will meet, and the preliminaries fer forming a
state government will be made. Two United
States senators, to represent the new state in
congress, will be elected. There are several
candidates in the field for this high honor.
Judge G. G. Moody is strongly lndorsed by tho
Black Hills country, and his election is conced-
cd. But on this side Of the Missouri river 1t
will be no small job to walk away with the
prize. Judge Campbell has publicly announc-
ed himself to be a candidate He has good
following, but has great deal Of opposition.
Nearly every town In the proposed new state
has candidate for senatorial honers.-St.
PGgl Globe,
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
A Rout with Gloves.

Our boys, firing Of the monotoay Of card and
chess playing and feeling the necessity of OK
ercise to tone up the system, inprovised mill
last evening, and several Of the boys were
given an opportunity to shake hands and punch
each others noses. Two of our professional
men acquitted themselves we'll, both making
center hits. The limb Of tho law was the first
to score, being followed by the doctors right,
which came near dlSlocating his opponents
shoulder. At this stage of the contest the hug.
ging process began, when they were parted,
the fight being declared draw. The mill was
friendly one, and created great fun for those
present.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
Page Items.

PAGE, Nov. 18th, 1856.
Wheat sold today at rs cents.
L. B. Hanna has returned from Minneapolis,
bringing with him fine lot of buggies.
E. Young and F. Longstaff have bought L.
B. Hanna's entire stock of lumber, wood and
coal.
Brown & Passmore have opened q meat mar
ket, with G. ]. Parker at tho block.
Page has now all the advantages Of civiliza-
tion-markets that defy competition, religious
services to guide the morals, public school
that is second to none, aud all kinds Of b,ls-
ness we'll representative fact everything from
Page is the best; even Page whiskey will braid
the legs Of tho philosopher as easily as the legs
Of q cowboy.
All noted smiters used some peculiar weapon.
Moses smote the rock with staff; David smote
the Giant with sling g-shot; Sampson used the
jaw bone Of an ass to subdue his enemies; but
tile smiter Of Page uses screw-driver.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
A TimHlY K0nk

''Letters from Golden Latitudes'' 10 the title
of neat little forty EIGHT page pamphlet just
issued by Mr.. c. H. Warren, the genial general
passenger agent Of the st. Paul, Minneapolis
& Manitoba railroad. Tho contents Of the
book consist of series of letters from different
points along the line of the Manitoba system
in Northern Minnesota and Dakota, descriptive
of tho country, its scenery, resources, people,
ETC., written in rscy and pleasing style, which
will recommend 1t to thousands who will read
it purely as matter Of entertainment, while
to those who are in search Of information III
regard to the country described it will prove
treasure indeed, containing, as it does, vast
amount Of statistical matter compiled from
official sources hard 10 be obtained in 80 CON-
pact form and so entirely reliable. Mr.. War
rem has rendered hie company and the general
public service in the publication Of this little
work, and we predict for it a demand com
mensurate with its merits. Our thanks are
due for a copy.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
DAKOTA PARAGRAPHS.

Inc farmers OF Walsh county have moro
ground plowed and ready for crop this fall
than ever before.
The members Of the Masonic order. Of Pierre.
have expended $40O for new furniture for their
new lodge room which will be dedicated In
December.
John Gringle, an old man, while picking Cd
chips on the Manitoba track, at Wahpeton, on
wednesday, was run over and instantly killed
by switch engine.
The election returns of South Dakota will be
canvassed in Yankton on tho 2lst, by the sx-
ecutive committee appointed by the Sioux Falls
convention for that purpose.
A Dakota man has practically solved the fuel
problem. He has invented press for press
Ing hay or straw into convenient shape for
burning, which is very simple in mechanism.
Dunseith expects to complete this week the
only brick school house west of Grand Forks.
II claims to have creditable structure. The
brewery being completed there shows the
march Of civilization.
FRANK Grlson, who was sent to the peniten-
tiary for killing man at spearfish, says 1t was
clear case Of self-defense, but there had been
several murders committed in that section, and
he was convicted by prejudice.
N. D. Miller, the chief engineer of the Maui
toba railroad, has spent several weeks In the
Mouse river, Turtle mountain and Big Coulee
region. and the people believe it means seme-
thing besides shooting deer and ducks
The expenses Of the late term of court held
In Valley City is to be divided among the coun-
ties OF Barnes, Griggs and Steele, constituting
the Fifth subdivision of the Sixth judicial dis
trict in proportion to the assessed valuation of
each county rs returned by the territorial audi
tor in July last.
George Pettigrew, chief engineer, lost on the
Algoma, was resident of North Dakota, and
had neatly 1000 acres Of land in Stutslnan
county. His brother Thomas, also on the lakes,
has fine farm in that county, where his FAM
lily resides. They are both well known and
highly esteelned there
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20
The New Art GALLERY.

We invite the attention of our readers to the
advertisement Of Mr.. Edison L. Lane, who has
just opened his new art gallery in Hope. Mr..
Lane is prepared to take pictures in all the
latest styles Of tho art and finish them in the
most perfect manner. Here is an opportunity
for those Of our people who can't get away to
send to their friends at home something that
will he more fully appreciated than anything
else they could send, aud as the holidays will
soon be upon us, we advise them to lose no
time in calling upon Mr.. Lane and sitting for
picture. Mr.. Lanes terms are reasonable,
and no one is expected TO take anything that is
not strictly frst-class. Give Mr.. Lane a call
and examine his samples
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

There will be Thanksgiving ball and sup
per at the Hope House on Thursday evening
next, November %, TO which all are invited.
Good music and good supper will be provided
on the occasion, and in order to enable all to
attend the tickets for ball and supper have been
placed at Sl.50.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Harry Bakcr has just added cellar and an
underground smokehouso to his meat market,
and expects to engage quite extensively in the
curing Of meats. He alleges that he can put
up better hams at less than it at present costs
to bring them from the East
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Douglass q Milligan have just received
stock of fine wines, liquors and cigars, to
which they ask attention: Their billiard and
pool tables are first-class and Mr.. Milligaa
will give his personal attention to seeing that
their customers receive polite and prompt at
tention. Give Douglass & Milligan call.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Among the recent additions to the pepula-
ton Of Hope is Mr.. Eward Lane and family,
formerly residents of Massachusetts, but more
recently from Prince Edwards Island, Domin-
ion Of Canada. Mr.. Lane will engage In oar
penteriDg and his son will have charge of the
art gallery.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

In the case of Allen, Moon & Co. vs., c. R.
Black, in which lot Of groceries claimed by
the plaintiffs vera taken possession Of at Clif-
ford, and afterward replevined by Plnmmer &
Hanson, claiming to hold mortgage on the
same, A. L. Plummer came over to Hope on
Monday and made an amicable settlement with
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

There will be Especial meeting Of the county
commissioners tomorrow at Sherbrooke to
consider the granting Of saloon license to
Douglass & hilligan, ard for the transaction
Of such other business as may properly come
before the board,
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Mr.. William Venable spent couple of days
at Caledonia last week, and settled up his tax
for 1879 levied by Traill county against the n
F. railroad lands The question is still in liti-
CATION, but Mr.. Venable desires to be on the
safe side
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

The HOPE PIONEER gives the new law firm
Of McMahon & MacLaren half column notice
compatible with their talents, experience and
good looks. The firm starts with the best Of
ets.-Fdrgo Argus.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

In business note to the editor, Rev.. K. F.
Norris adds: "We arc WE'LL and enjoy our now
field Of labor. Enjoy reading the PIONEER
weekly, and should miss its coming Please
remember me to my old friends.n
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Elmer Clark, of Tower City, droyo up to
Hope to-day with load of pork which he dis
posed of to Harry Baker, our butcher. Mr..
Clark found Hope a better pork market than
Toypr ritv
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Mr.. and Mrs. H. D. Carpenter will spend
part Of the winter in Florida, visiting brother
of Dir. Carpenters who has resided in that
State since before the war
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

H. II. Hosford and family left during the
week for Wisconsin,, where they will spend the
winter. Dir. Hosford expects to return early
i'll tho spring, bringing with him car load Of
fine horses.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

Sheriff Walden contemplates trip East this
winter, but has not definitely fixed the time OF
going. John Worth will probably run the
sheriff office during the absence OF Ben.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

The wheat market opened Monday morning
at 70 cents and has remained steady at that
price all the week. Receipts at the elevators
continue fair, but shipments have been light
owing to a lack of cars.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1885-11-20

John W. Larimere left Tuesday for Farl=
bault Minn., where he will join his family and
spend the winter. John will be on deck again
early in the spring.