davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1885-08-06
Holm p. WICKERT,
FOPREST = RTFSCH.

-TOTARY PUBLIC. LAND s. LOAN AGEN !,
~ Dfice Al his hotel on Main Street South
Snle formerly Wcinfurther's place. ManltGwoc.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18

Z Nsss9chusetis P4Oughmaa Gays it is
gene5u Omitted nowadays thai the
oTchsr, ss5dless OF kind, should bs kept
we'll M ured, but what is the cheapsst aud
best material TO apply is rs YET unsettled
Those who have had on opportunity 70
attest the different fertilizers are as rule.
opposed to the application OF large quaint.
ties Of fresh stable manure, especially to the
pesr orchard, but If such manure is II De aP-
piled, 1t should be applied in tbs autu M.
The bearing trees consume consid-
cradle quantities Of both ph05.
pilates ana potash is conceded Oy
all, and that the application Of
large quantities OF manure Tich in nitrogen
is not only not necessary. bat positively in
furious, is the opinion of some very intelli-
gent orcbardists We have seen orchards
very much improved BIZ apply ing wood ashes
in considerable quantities, but not as mush
as when fertilizsd with a moderate quantity
of ground bone, which would seem to i'm
ply that the phosphate is needed the most
Some orchardists apply ground bone and
wood ashes, or murIate of potash, mixed.
with good success; fifty bushels of ashes and
LOCO poUnda Of ground bones makes q very
liberal dressing for an acre of land, and viii
last number of years. When wood ashes
can not be obtained, 500 pounds of muriate
of potash may be used in its place
When barn manure is to be used, IL only
half the usual quantity is applied. AMI tina
cnAuC VI SIOuHO DOuO 10 dtpllcu WIN
il, the result will be much more satisfactory
than if all manure be applied. When an or
chard gets grown to Eear its full size, ii is
not so desirable that materials should be sD-
piled to force the growth of the wood. as it Is
to force the growth of the fruit; this is fact
that ought not to be lost sight of. An or
chard Just set will bear more nitrogen and
potash than the orchard that is fully grown.
In applying fertilizers to an orchard it
should be spread over the entire surface of
ground, and not applied as some do, only q
few feet from the tree. The feeding roots of
a tree are the small end of the roots, more
than the large ends near the tree, and they
are always very near the surface, where the
land is not plowed every year; therefore,
whatever fertilizer is applied should be
spread evenly over the surface, and left but
g few inches under it, then the feeding roo IS
will easily reach it.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
HOUSEHOLD HINTS.

An eminent London physician, DE-. Ora
ham, is reported as having said some good
things on the subject of colds, and which are
in the main aCcordant with rational and
hygienic views For instance: at is not a
correct practice, after cold is caught to
make the room q person sits in much
warmer than usual, to increase the quantity
OF bed-clothes, wrap up in flannel and drink
a large quantity OF hot tea, Cruel, or other
slops, because it will invariably increase the
feverishness, and in the majority of instances
proloDg, rather than lessen, the duration
of the cold. 1t Is we'll known that c0nfin-
ing inoculated persons in warm rooms will
make their smallpox more violent by sug
mentiDg the general heat and fever; and 1T
is for the same reason that a similar prac
tice in the present complaint is attended
with analogous results, cold being in real.
iiy slight fever. In some parts of EGG
land, among the lower order Of people,
large glass of cold spring water, taken on
going to bed, is found to be a successful
remedy. and, in fact, many medical prac-
titioners recommend reduced atmosphere
and frequent draughts of cold fluid as the
most efficacious remedy for q re cent
cold, particularly when the patients
habit is full and plethoric." Mr.
supposed that it is the exposure to a cold or
wet atmosphere which produces the effect
called cold, whereas il is returning to a
warm temperature after exposure, which Is
the real cause of the evil. When person
in cold weather goes in to the open air, every
time be draws his breath the cold air passes
through his nostrils and windpipe into his
lungs, and consequently dimishes the heat
in those parts, AS long as a person conEin-
ues in the cold he feels no bad effects from
1t, but as soon as he returns home he ap
proc ches the fire to warm himself, and very
often takes some warm and comtorta ole
drink to keep out the cold, it is said. The
inevitable consequence is that he will fad
he has taken cold. He feels shiver-
ing which makes him draw nearer
to the fire, but all to no purpose; the
more he tries TO heat himself the
more he chills. All the mischief is here
caused by the violent action of the heat.
To avoid this, when you come out of a very
cold atmosphere you should not at first go
into room that has fire in It, or, il you
cannot avoid that you should keep for con-
siderable time ut as great a distance as posi-.
bic, and, above all, refrain from taking
warm or strong liquors when you are cold.
This rule is founded on the same principle
as the treatment of any part of the body
when frost bitten. II IL were brought to the
fire 1t would soon mortify, whereas il rubbed
with snow no bad consequences would fol.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18

claimed that soda does not enter
largely into the composition Of the plants.
But there is no doubt that 1t assists In rend-
ing soluble the silica which is essential to
the plants. and which is one OF the most inn
portant elements appropriated 40 food By
the crop. Silica is a very plentiful substances
in all soils, bat it is so insoluble as TO be
almost useless, and.it is never applied in the
fertilizers. but Is changed in composition in
the soil by the chemical action of lime,
potash, soda, salt and acids.
Although an application Of superohos Dhate
may have been made in the fail, slight
dressing Of the same substance during the
spring, in connection with the nitrate OF
soda usually gives good results. In few
days after the application a greener tinge
will appear on the plants, and they Will
grow very fast, even where the crop is sickly
and seems unpromising. Nitrate of soda is
known IS Chilli seltpeter. and rangesiR price,
for the crude article, from. four to six cents
a pound The quantity required for an acre
is from 100 to 200 pounds, and though, per-
hsps, apparently expensive il more than
pays for such investment in the benefit to
the growing crop and yield at harvest time.
The cheapest mode OF improving the
crop, however, is the narrowing of the field
in the spring. And in cases where the area
devoted 10 wheat is small it will be an i'm
provement to carefully remove all the cock
les and weeds by pulling them out by hand,
in order to avoid such seeds the succeeding
season. The narrowing Of the field Will also
cover the seeds of clover, should such crop
be sown On the wheat field, thus insuring q
better stand Of clover and more uniform ap-
pesTance in lis gToVIh.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
sheen rkalsinC.

The last farmers meeting at the New Eng
land Agricultural Society Rooms was d.
voted to a consideration OF sheep Hus
bandry.n Colonel Daniel Needham. IN the
opening remarks spoke of the importance
of the sheep industry: 1t could not succeed,
however, while troubled by the dog, and
legislation ought to be ensced to remedy the
o. fiCultY. Hon. James S. Grinnell, of Green
field, gave an interesting history of the
sheep culture, and showed how man had
always been dependent upon that farm an
NAL for food and c othing. The first sheep
imported to the United States came in 1929,
al d fifty years after we find it recorded that
there had been a great increase. Each i'm
migrant brought with him 3 different
kind, so that the result was a great mix
ture. The pure blooded English sheep
does not thrive so well here as the
blended sheep. The value of sheep and wool
has increased, so that men now hold more
wealth in their sheep property than they did
in former years. In the care of sheep the
first necessity is fence in good repair; our
sheep will not jump, but they will crawl
through crevices and walk over the steps
formed by tumble down stones. Sheep Gull
ture can result IN 80 per cent. profit fifty
good ewes furnishing net profit of ISL be-
sides being in this reckoning a good Gus
ton er for food which they eat. Colonel de-
scribed bis experience, by which he rais;d
his two and one-half pounds fleece of Saxon
through intermixture with higher merino.
Re accounted for the excess Of grease in the
Vermont wool in the rich pasture ls I'D in
Il sc State. Mr.. Grinnell said that
be wss tired of fighting the dog question.
The dog owners were In the majority in this
State, and in the Legislature it is impossible
to remedy the evil, Mr. Charles Lamprey, of
Hampton, n. r., spoke OF the trouble that
might arise for wool-dealers If the import
duty was taken of. He had found sheep
industry the most successful part OF his
farming until the dog ravaging drove it out.
DR.. Peter Pineo accounted for the oil in the
Vermont wool by the fact that the oily
glands Of the animal in high latitudes are
more active. The Vermont wool, be con-
sidered, was the best wool for this very reason
of natural oil pouring; the fiber was stronger.
Rev. NJ Chamberlain referred to thu dog
question, aud said be thought the sheep
could be protected without antagonizing the
dog-heiders in cities. Mr.. Lamprey told of
q ram which would fight dogs, and raised the
question whether the sheep couldn't De
taught to drive off the raiders.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
A mOrHKR's PREsEN TIMENT.
Buying Her Son After Believing for
Months That He Would Soon Die.


Months That He Would Soon Die.
New York Sun, MsrchA 81
Harry S. Pratt was buried in Mount Pleas
ant Cemetery, Newark, yesterday afternoon.
after service at his parents home at 224
Summer avenue. he was twenty-ons Yeas
old, and bad been for three or four years
shipping and receiving clerk for Bartholo-
NEW & Co, 1876 Greenwich street, this city.
Mr.. Martin, of the firm, and young Pratt
were standing in front of the store on Tues
day, when a large coping stone fell from the
third story and struck Harry Pratt on the
head. BE staggered, fell into Mr.. Martins
arms and an hour later died in the Chamber
Street Hospital.
The young man was an only son, and was
idoiized by his parents. Mrs. Pratt had
been expecting the calamity for several
months.
~ do not like publicity" said Mr.. Pratt
last evening, bat as several persons have
heard OF my wife's presentiments, l may as
well give you the facts. All through the win
ter Mrs. Pratt felt that some great misfor-
tune was going to befau Harry, aud her FORE
bodings impaired her health. All the time,
however, she kept from me the cause of her
anxiety.
son Monday night she dreamed that she
stood beside an open grave. A cssket was
there standing on end, and on the plate she
read Harry's name and age. The date of
death wasn't given. She kept this dream
from me also. She was SO convinced that
the long-lookedf for affection was at hand
that the next day, when | went home to
break to her the news of his death, she asked
me at the door, before l could speak:
rs Harry dead?
"At the funeral today the coffiu-lid was
removed and stood up on end, and thought
then of the dream"
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
Potash for the Fellows.
rprvol Nav yorkar1

A Western paper, in answer to the question
how much potash TO use and how to apply
it for peach yellows, says ashes will ans yer
the same purpose, or procure kainit add
apply 200 pounds per acre with 100 pounds
of super-phosphate, broadcast. AS kainit
contains about 12H per cent. OF
potash. this would make an applica-
ton of twenty-five pounds per acre,
or, If the trees were at about the usual dis
tanee apart, it would give about two ounces
to each tree, and this, scattered over 225
square feet of surface, would produce but
very little effect. The remedy suggested by
those who have been experimenting in this
is kieserite, twenty-five pounds; muriste OF
potash, $50 pounds; dissolved bone. black.
450 pounds. OF this it is recommended to
apply from four to six pounds ner tree, aud
when the disease makes much of 3 showing
more muriete of potash is to be added till of
this alone as much as four pounds hsye been
used. This would be fully two pounds of
potash n a tree instead of two ounces.
While it is ret yet an established fact that
mineral nauuTes in auy quantity are a sps
ci6c for the yelloTs we think the chances Of
cure are much IN favor OF the larger qusn-
tity. and wonder at tbs csreiessness Of one
who would attempt to advice in a case
whereof he has no knowledge.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
The Great 0anaaian Farm.


The interviewer of the Pail Mall Gazstte
gives the Durport Of a conversation he has
bad With Major Bell, Of the Qu'apDelle River
Farming Company, said to be the biggest
farming concern IN the world. Major Ball
who has special charge of Bell farm in the
Canadian northwest, states that OF tne 81, 900
acres of which the farm consists, ID 600 eeres
were under cultivation lastyear. The aver
sge yield OF over LOCO acres was tTenty-ii 10
be got ready for shipment at cost to the
producer Of thirty four cents. The freight
from Winnipeg to Liverpool by the Canadian
Pacific will next year not be more than one
shilling. Some other charges remain to be
added: but, after all allowances were made,
it was calculated that in 1856 il will be
possible to land northwest wheat in Liver
pool at not over twenty-five or tWenty'three
shillings quarter. Major Bell is exceedingly
hopefnI OF Ine future of the northwest. Ia
his own words be lays: This year; indeed,
we shall not send you more than three or
four million bushels; bat then, you must
remember that two years ago there was not
house within two or three hundred mile of
Us, and in FIVE years more we shall be send
ing you fifteen or twenty millions. The
wheat trade OF the world is inevitably falling
into our hands. Twenty years ago the E lst-
ern States from New York to Illinois, we're
exporting wheat; 10 day they are importing
il and In another twenty years the Western
States. which are nov exporting will be our
customers, too. That is so far good for the
English farmer, no doubt; but by that time
we shall be able to serve YOU all, and you
will be better OF. We have 40 iron, and We
shall not see other industries encroaching On
agriculture, as is the case in the States. No
wheat is our speciality, and we shall come in
time to supply the world"
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
Start the Orchard.
Iowa Homestead.l


It is now high time for those who c1utem-
plate setting out orchards TO make their se-
lectioDs On this matter have one piece
of earnest advice and exhortstio1 aud that
is, in brief, do not touch anything from ire.
spensible nurserymen. Send TO some we'll
known, reliable and conscientious dealer, eJ-
plain to him fully your lOcstiOn, sal, expos
ure and latitude, and then trust his judg.
ment and follow his advice in plan ing
Don't buy Russians because they are Rus
SLAMS, unless you want to experiment
for the benefit of the public There are Rus
sian varieties that are all right. Trust TO
your nurserymen to tell you which they are.
There Is no branch Of the business in which
there is such an opportunity for swindIing
as this, and the trouble is that you do not
know that you are swindled for years.
Hence the necessity of dealing with no man
for nursery stock unless his character is
above suspicion. We have an orchard 90
one farm that We shall have to cut down aud
start anew, because it was planted by a
former owner with worthless truck, just be-
cause il could be bad cheap.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
FARM NOTES.

In the West the demand for heavy draft
horses is increa sing. AT recent sale of
PeIcberOn stalli ons the prices for several OF
them ranged from 5000 to $500.
It is a common supposition that shepherd
dogs naturally drive stock. Such dogs, how
ever, need careful tanning, but are more
easily taught their duties than are other
breeds.
Eggs that are subjected TO extreme cold do
not give good results, as rule, when used
for Matching purposes. To secure strong,
healthy chicks the eggs should be collected
as soon as they are laid.
Unbolted rye -four is said to be good sub
stitute tor bees instead of farina. 1t should
be placed in shallow boxes few rods from
the bee stands, so that the bees can visit 1t
whenever they SO desire.
The Dairyman says it is an open question
whether yellow skin in COWS indicates yello "
butter, though it is admitted that it indicates
yellow milk. 1t says white butter is not
usual, however, from yellow milk.
The best pig Is the one that makes the most
ham with the least waste of fat and the long
est and deepest sides with the most lean
meat. 1t should also have bone enough to
allow 1t TO stand up and help itself to food.
American capitalists are arranging for the
formation of an abattoir company with q
capital OF 81 ,000,0 900, the intention being to
slaughter American hogs In Canada, and
thus get around the present prohibitory laws
of Germany.
Elk Governor Stanford, of California lately
imported fifteen fine young thoroughbred
mares, bred to some of the best horses in
England. Only three larger importations OF
thoroughbreds have ever been made to this
country.
Professor Sheldon says the dairy school
near Cork has had the effect of perceptibly
raising the average of butter in the south OF
Ireland. number of young women have
been well drilled in the principles of butter.
making in that valuable institution, and
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18

JOIN CHARLES BLACK, OF ILLINOIS, APPOINTED
COMMISSIONER OF PENSIONS.
Two Gays after the advent of the new ad-
ministration 70 power, Mr.. Lamar, Secretary
of the Interior, at the request of the Presi-
dent, telegraphed General Black, of Illinois,
the request that he would take the Office of
Commis sioner of Pensions. The gentleman
thus distinguished Immediately accepted the
appointment by wire" As head of an i'm
portsn. branch of the Interior Department,
General giack will fill a very responsible
positior, the salary of which, s.. 600 a year.
IS harry commensurate, perhaps with the
hard work and honorable distinction in.
yolved in it.
John Charles Black, the new Commits
sioner of Pensions, was born at Lexington,
No., In January, 1885, He received sn AGA.
demic education, and graduated a. Wabash
College, Indiana short time afterWsrd
he entered the army in the Thirty-seventh
Illinois Regiment. When he left it, in
1865, he held the rank of Brevet Brigsdier
General His next step was TO procure ad-
mission to the Bar. He entered the office OF
a prominent firm in Chicago for this pur-
pose, and in due time was admitted to the
practice of his profession. His home is at
Dsnville, Ill.
General Back has been active in politics,
4s Democrat, and bias been frequently
nomins ted for Office. Several unsuccessful
C71insii0ns for Congress. the last only last
fail, hsve maintained his prominence in
LEGAL arty struggles and are significant of
the respect in which his ability is held
General Black was ne Democratic candi-
date for Lieutenant Governor in 1872. and
when General Logan az sent to the Senate
in 1879 Black was the Democratic caucus
nominee. He wss a Delegate at Large to the
last Den ocratic National Convention, be-
fore which an attempt was made TO put him
which he nraran ted
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
Garfield During His Inauguration.

washington Letter 10 bdlumOre sum-
| don't think | ever saw q man look worse
than Garfield did when he was sworn in as
President. The blood seemed to have left
his face, and he was exceedingly nervous
He looked as frightened as if he had had a
vision Transporting before him illustrating
the terrible suffering that be sfterwsrd went
through. Ordinarily Garfield made all his
gestures with his left hand, but in deliver
ing his inaugural it was noticed that he used
his right hank exclusively. This
made him appear strange to many
of his friends. for it completely changed his
manner. He must have suffered intensely,
though he tried es hard as possible to stand
MP under it. / have often thought that his
action in turning towards ana kissing his
wife and sged mother was the result OF &C
cident instead of intention. My idea then
was, and has continued to be, that he fell
back exhausted, and that his kissing of his
wife and mother was an afterthought.
saw him the morning he was taken from the
White Houss to be removed to Elberon to
die. He looked worse when be was being
inaugurated than he did that morning.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1885-03-18
Treatment of the wheat Field.


In few weeks the fall-sown wheat will
begin to start, and as spring is the most crit
ical period with the crop the best attention
should be given it while the plants are
young. Should the weather moderate and
the thawing of the ground throw the plants
out it will be necessary to pass roller over
the field as soon as it can be done. Care
should be taken not 70 disturb the field
while it is in very wet condition. An
other difficulty IS that very often, after the
frost has left the ground and the field is wet,
q very Geld night may damage the plants to
some extent. This, however, is not usually
the case where good tile drainage is prac-
ticed. 1t is not generally known that wheat
will give excellent results if cultivated in
rows, but such has been demonstrated in
Europe to be the most profitable method of
securing large yields. 1t compels the grower
to thoroughly prepare the land and select
the best seed only, in order to save labor in
eradicsting weeds, the yield being crop of
better quality than that produced by the
broadcast system.
The common practice with the msjority of
wheat growers is to drill In the seed, and
many of them drill superphosphate at the
same time of putting in the seed. The
wheat crop, however, Is one that responds
to kind treatment, and the use of the har-
row over the field in the spring usually re-
suits in increasing the yield of graiu, as we'll
rs stimulating growth early. Wheat Is very
partial to heterogeneous fertilizers, though the
phosphates are also beneficial. In some sec
tons the farmers apply guano. while in
others sulphate of ammonia is used. The
ordinary fertilizers sold as superphosphate
often contain large proportion of nitrogen
also, bat, though such applications are BEN
fetal, it will be found best 10 give dressing
Of some heterogeneous fertilizer in the spring
at the time Of narrowing the field. For this
purpose nitrate of soda is more generally
preferred, owing to its being so ready sol able
IN water. Whether the soda benefits
the growing wheat or not Ia
yet to be determined, % 1t Is