The Panola weekly star. (Sardis, Miss.) 1882-18??, 1885-02-28

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ihif Hfiie n leasf shall ta0W Ehat II
e1aN them ~ ifaR IaHil uvef Al fnAds
% uiIs mi b. has made . hamief n
experiments 90 a~srsffaih iHat what he
difference Il laieeHn ne foffo required
~ pulling 3 load II given weight ovef
different Kinds n roads and ~ show
the ralue n bruad tires especially IN
farm wpfk The results arc riyen In =
pamphlet ~ . DOZEN pages. Illustrated
by eight diagrams
haHb load dmWnNaf $685. pounds
Tho tires " tIr wheels wafa ~ 1peailVely
onn aud hall and three inches wide
tho narrower ones being considerably
worn On . bluegrass ward, moist.
although but little rain had fallen with.
10 twelve day. NJ making the test. the
average force required by the broad
tires was $40 pounds. the narrow ones
required $50 pounds. or ii.G per cent.
more than was required By the others.
Prof SanbOrn says
Assuming the wagon to weigh 1000
pounds then on the broad wheels a, 24s
pounds u load would be drawn ~
easily a. easily a. 1000 pounds on the
narrow tires, except the loss from the
wheels cutting deeper under the heavier
load. Again, the broad wheels In the
trial did not injure the turf. while the
narrow wheels cut through il an inn
portant consideration. Our transfers
for use about the college farm i%nyaria-
bly, choose the broad wheels. They
find that they are not nearly ns liable 10
get stuck in soft places or during rainy
times.
In n subsequent trial on n partially
dried dirt road the broad wheels cut the
road less deeply and drew easier than
the narrow wheels, the draft being for
the broad tires 81 pounds and for the
narrow tires AL pounds, or the latter
drew 1871 per cent. heavier than tho
former, a net difference per ton load OF
1881 pounds, or 3Sl pounds more could
be drawn on the broad wheels to the
preservation Of roads, as is recognized
in two or three States by adjusting the
rate Of toll to the width of wheels, tho
tolls being RENTED on wheels Of u GER
tain width. The difference Of draft
above recorded disappears on good
roads.
''ln the tests for ascertainipg the diff
ference in draft on good and poor roads
ordinary narrow tires were. used. The
road had n gravel bed. The first pull
was up n grade Of one foot in twenty
eight feet, and the draft was $40
pounds. This test was made on grass,
and shows that narrow tires on grass n
few days after a rain are equivalent to-
draft up a hill OF more than one foot
rise to t~wenty-cight feet.
''The second pull was on a fiat at the
top Of the above grade, and drew on n
draft Of llS pounds. This should en-
force the Importance of avoiding hills
and Of reducing grades, when practi-
cable. by leyeling. The net load drawn
would BE- hardly onc-third as much up
this mild grade as on level ground. In
sddition to this loss there Is the fur
tier loss Of capacity Of u horse to draw
uphill. 1t is well known that the
structure Of the horse is such that he
WORKS TO n disadvantage up u grade.
On level ground man-power is rs | to
), bu. uphill as | to 8 compared with
the horse.
THE value Of grades is well known
to railroads, and it has sometimes
caused their reconstruction or the
building Of competing lines, and in the
older parts Of u country roads arc
often constructed at great cost for
the business advantage OF improved
grades
On n moist dirt road the draft was
4S1 pounds, or 81 per cent. more than
required on n grade Of one to twenty
eight feet on a gravel road, four times
as much as required on a level plank
floor.
The draft registered by no means
shows the actual effects on the horse. as
u does not take into account the sue
ton of the mud and the slipping OF their
.pet o the extra effort required for
lifting their feet over the little eleva-
tons constantly before them. Prof.
SanbOrn concludes by saying:
AS we view the long periods in
which traffic is suspended on our dirt
roads, generally in periods when farm
ers are not busy, the small loads
ragged into our markets. the value Of
which is largely absorbed by the ex-
pcnse of delivery; the almost universal
Use Of the saddle.horse. and the I'M
mense loads carried On the solid roads
of much Of Europe, in connection with
the above tests. we are not likely to
overcstimatc the profound relation OF
our miserably crooked and marty roads.
bridgcless creeks aud hills neither
graded nor circumvented Ia our system
OF farming, It's profits aud pleasures.
Prom the above tests the traffic that
will warrant a $1,000 outlay per mile of
nnimproved roads may be approximate
\ estimated. II by properly grading
our hills and grayeling our road.bcds
we can double the freight carried per
team, we could. oh the basis Of fifteen
miles per day for n loaded team costing
81 per day, save the interest Of this cost
at six per cent. In the passage Of 800
loaded teams n way. "-Chiedgo 7r1b.
H1c.
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DRAINING.