davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1885-02-10
NAVAL STORES.

LIVERPOOL, Feb. 9, noon.-Spirlts turpen-
LoNDoN. Feb. 9, $3.50 p. m.-spirits tur-
pentine easy; spot, 2ls; February TO April
delivery. 2ls Sd: May to August, Us Cd; sep
TENDER TO December, 24s.
LONDON, Feb. 3, $3.50 p. m.-Inrpentlne-
a. AGO bbls, ailoat l,2Q0 bbls, deliveries l,Slz
NEw YORK, Feb. 8, noon.-Spirits turpen-
tine steady at SO1Sc. ROsin steady at 81 zS'S
2715. 80, 49,
Spirits turpentine barely steady at 3OGSO14c.
CHARLEsToE, Feb. 9.-Splrlts turpentine
firm at 271&c. ROsin quiet; strained, 81 W.
good strained 81 05.
WILNISsTOR. Feb. 9.-Spirits turDensine
dun at &c. Rosin firm; strained, 9715c; good
strained. 81 co. Tar 81 10. Crude tUrpentine
steady; hard 81 Is, yellow dip and virgin Il 20.
RICE.
CHARLESTON, Feb. 9--Market steady and
unchanged: sales 400 barrels.
NEW YORK. Feb. 9.-Market steady.
NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 9.-Market steady;
louisiana, ordinary 10 prime, 4szg6c.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

n,t2O7t
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
we "rHE CRITIC

The proprietors of THE WAsuNGroN
CRTIc, though in the field but few weeks
with their new venture, are encouraged
far beyond all expectation by the success
with which their efforts TO furnish the
District of Columbia with bright, clean,
cheerful, ncwsy evening paper have al
ready been rewarded.
They have tangible palpablo, visible
reasons to fecl that under its new manage
ment the paper is making vigorous pro-
lress. If not all that it should be, nor all
that it is intended to be, it has certainly
made n start in the right direction and is
rapidly working its way into thealcctions
of a largely increasing circulation.
Every day in the week adds to the num-
Der of its readers and every addition to
the number of its readers not only in
creases its influence but enhances its value
as an advertising medium and thereby
strengthens its sinews for the race.
We promised the people of Washington
paper that should fairly, correctly and
earnestly represent their interests. This
il is doing and will do.
We promised them paper that should
be free of partisan bias and independent
in its views. This it is. ..r.,,..-,.. -
We shall stand by thef; ,'t,i sta,1 %,,o h th y,
loiis :,s ;ss Interests, but beg to be excused
from being anybody's organ but our own.
Our motto is to live and let live.
Wehope to make the publication of The
CRITIC a profitable enterprise and wealso
propose to earn what we make by giving
our customers their full moneys worth.
There is q dull season before us and
strong competition against us, but we have
the faith to believe and the courage to
back it, that the end of the summer will
find THE CRITIC covering four times the
field ii did month ago and bought by
four times rs many constant readers.
Having doubled their number in six
weeks, we have ample assurance that we
can more than quadruple it in three
months
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
CLOyER-IEAVEs,

The young Southern lady who sent Pres.
ident Cleveland bunch of four and five.
lcavcd clovcrs, under the romantic idea
that they Signify good luck, will be painel
to learn that scientific mcn-the mean,
hateful things!-haye said they could pro-
dlIcc whole fields Of clover having four
and five leaves They have even declared
that by process known rs evolution the
time is coming when all clover will be
"cinque-spotted like the dew i the bottom
of a cowshp.n How much of this theory
is what the Western people call rot" AMI
how much is am attempt to break in upon
the painful stiffness Of the Agricultural
Department. lecture-room, may never be
known, but for the present it is very wet
blanket ON very pretty sentiment.
We advise the young Southern lady who
so prettily paid her respects to the Prcsi-
dent that this is Il world of change -smlll
change--and that the cute little romlnca3
tlat slide along down the ages from 81.
Elmoto st. Tyr are being puncturcd Ike
toy-balloons by the ruthless vanllls who
chamber into notoricty as scientific mon
People have grown hard, practical and ,1.
we're.
Even the faithful and rcyercntia Mr.
Hollmgsworth Will point within pride to the
hole in the door Of Martha Wash
ingtolis room at Mount Vernon
where her cat used to pass through, and
Will heave deep sigh ofIegret as he at.
mits TO the visitor that he cannot proiucc
the cat.
People want facts, in carload lots, and
=. Z.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
THE CRITICS" TABLE.
New Books Received and Sometllir
thnnt Tbpnt.

New Books Received and Something
About Them.
10 those who remember n. p. Willis,
not only as poet, bu as magaznist at
one time of highly deserved popularity,
the selections recently made from his
prose writings by Mr.. Henry A, Beers and
now presented to the public by Charles
Scribncr's Sons i'm an attractive volume,
will be a pleasing reminder Of the past.
Mr.. Willis had in mcasurc given place to
q new school of American writers, some
time before his death, and his later pro-
ductions did not correspond in force Or
yivacity with those ofhis prime, but in
the present compilation will be found IL
lusrations of his best and most diversified
work and the younger as well rs the older
generation of readers will find in II much
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
PEOPLE IN GENE2AL.

EX-SENAToR THURMAN, though in the
best of health with The exception of
slight rheumatic attack, says that under
no circumstances would he accept the
nomination for Governor Of Ohio. AT Iris
time of life he could not afford it.
GEORGE PEABODY .WErMoRE will be in
nuWTatcd Governor Of Rhode Island next
Tuesday.
T1IE CuslIMAN VILLA at Newport will be
occupied this summer by Miss Leila
Gibbcs of New York. The property is
owned by the adopted son Of the deceased
actress.
AMONG THE SENATORS who are more. on
less given to editorial writing are Haw-
ley, Connecticut; ingalls, Of Kansas, Dawes
Of Massachusetts, and Malone Of Virginia.
Henry IRVING made sl5o,OO0 in this
country during his last tour, but is said
that he spent nearly half of the amount
for raw oystcrs.-tSt Paul Globe.
\ TriJU,c special says that Mr.. Randall
was 50 besIcged by pace-huntcrs in Phila-
dclphia that he left town yesterday morn
ing with the understanding that he would
return ON Thursday.
REAR ADMIRAL FAIRFAX, T. 5, N, has
consented TO act rs chief marshal at Antic-
tam National Cemetery ON Decoration
Day, May 80.
GENERAL GEORGE H. MCCLELLAN and
Mrs. Mcclellan celebrated their silver
wedding yesterday.
MANAGEG PALMER Of New York intends
in few weeks 20 take his health TO Eu-
r'pc for repairs.
Mn. GLADSTONE ntcrtains his immedi-
ate friends and distinguished visitors
every Thursday morning at a 10 o'clock
breakfast.
TuE FRIENDS or Minister Cox say that he
hasa novel in contemplation depicting
Oucntal manners and customs.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
GRAsPING THE SITUATION.
A little while 4 little while.
How sad that love can change


How sad that love can change,
= Ihat eyes which we have Known ana loved
Can look in ours so strange.
Thus sings Belle Waldron to the mad
ding crowd which surges up and down
Pennsylvania avenue. Thus She sings to
the army of newly-upholstered oilicc-seck-
ers, who have waited "a little while, u
little WHILE but have been requested to
wait little while longer. They are wait
ing Belle, and in all human probability
: they win have to be rc-upholstcrcd before
the wait is over, We are free to admit
however, that the walking has improved
since March, Miss Belle, and that the pos
sibiliaes of a general hegira are growing
brighter and brighter.
Some of them have discovered that look
ing into strange eyes is not only sadden-
ing, but painfully improbable, and that
the wear and tear ON the eyesight has pro-
duced a political strabismus that may in
fict on the country whole generation Of
cross-eyed Democrats.
You will agree with us, Miss Belle, that
such an outlook is not encouraging, and
we feel il tw0ild be blessing in disguise if
you could add q third little verse provid-
ing that where an applicant gets tired of
Icing focused by the eyes that look in his
SO strange, he can take rest without wait
ing for his successor to be appointed
And if we may offer a suggestion, Miss
Belle. il wouldn't be bad idea, in cases
where former political lovers are unable
to identify each other after one gets an
Office and the. other doesn't, toprovide the
outside lover with telescopes, ficld-glasses
and things. You have no idea what Il
saving it would be in time, shoe-lcather
and heart-strings. Then in "a little while,
a little while Miss Belle the outside
optcim would get himself hence and give
ms poets n chance ut the situation
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
Gnowrn nr rnn pIsTRIcr.

The recent p6lce census of the District
Of Columbia develops the remarkable fact
that there has been an increase in the
population of 26,3l0 souls within five
ycars making the present population Of
ihe District 203,97l. or ibis remarkable
increase 6,002 are white, 10,4i7 colorcd,
u, ,102 males and lI,247 females. The pres
ent population Of Washington alone is
I69,65s, or an increase of 22,3i5 since 1880.
The colored inhabitants of the District
have increased in number from 81 per
cent. IA 1880 10 per cent. in 1885, and At
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
Aud Lang syne.
Z ,iugctii low IN every heart,
We hear II each and an

II sHgctii low IN every heart,
We hear II each and all
4 song ui those whu answer not,
However we may call;
They tmoug The Silence Of the breast,
We see them as of yOre--
Iur KIND, the brave, the true, the sweet
Who walk with us nu more.
n u hard 10 take the burden up,
When these have laid II down:
They frightened all the 10y of life.
They sOftcned every irown;
Int, OH It's good 70 think of them,
Wheu we are troubled sore
Thanks be toGOd that such have been.
Although they are no moro
More home-ike seems the vast unknown,
Since tiey haye entered there; f+aI.
10 follow them We're not 80 hard,
Wherever they may fare;
They cannot be Where Cod l. not,
ON any seit or shore; t-f a.
Whateler betides, Thy lote abhles,
Onr cod, for epofmore,
lJohn w. Chadwick, 4,
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
AUCTION SALES.
CuiANcERY SALE.


('1IANCERY SALE.
by virtue Of decree of the supreme Court
of the District of Columbia passed May 20,
1885, I'm equity cause 9,i36, will sell at pub
lie auction, In front of the premises, on FRI
DAY, May 90, 1885. at O'Clock p. m. the fol.
lowing described premises aud all the interest
therein of the parties TO said cause, TO wit +:
Part Of lot in square 106, beginning at u
point ON the south line of said lot, - feet west
wardly from the southeast corner thereof. run
ming thence westwardly with PENNSYLVANIA
avenue ~ feet. thence northwardly ~ feet 3
inches 10 public alley, thence eastwardly to
the northwest line of X. w. Bates land. thence
with said Bates west line TO the place of be-
ginning.
Terms of sale: One.tliird cash, of which 800
must be paid when the property Is struck Off
and the balance in three equal payments in
one, two and three years respectively, with IN
tcrest deferred payments 10 be secured by
deed of trust on the premises sold. All con
veyancing and recording to be at the cost of the
purchaser. -
my2O.7t Trustee.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

The late Commissioner of Agriculture Is re-
ported as making heavy investments In houses
and lots in Washington, IN full confidence that
real estate IN the Capital is rising Apparently
The handsome ext Commissioner takes no stock
IN the demuralillng influences of a Democratic
administration about which he and his friends
had somuch 10 say last fall Manchester (N.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

THE artistic and biographical effort
TnE CRITIC to-day speak for themsell
We are always pleased to place thus uI
record the noble lincaments and 5,
noblcr achievements of our reprcsen
tive citizens, and not the least honor
their livcs-one that will so thunderi
down the ages TO their remote posterity
is to be granted the distinction of q pla
in the columns Of great mctropolit
dnilV
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
HOUSES FOR RENT.
Per Month.
Per Anuunl.

In Gums to suit at per cent.
The above is only a small portion OF property
on ny books. For full list call at ONCE for bulie-
tins Issued on at and 10Th. 49,. airs
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

Our ncighhor of tho "ep''LLeo., il IL
o,ullg-rrucucal in his attempted relor
IN the present controversy, with regar
the alleged impurity of the Potomac we
he is experimenting on his city editor
chief clerk as samplers" of the aque
fluid. This free use of water may b
severe ordeal for the RcpuJiicaR'S subc
mates to undergo, but we admire the n
ayers discrctionin trying it on the b
first
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
BUSINESS CHANGES.

NXTANTED-A PARTNER WITH $500 TO
w go IN a paying business for the sum-
mer months. Apply at 221 Sd st. W.
my18.3t*
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
PROPOSALS.
DRoPoSAL FOR CONSTRUCTING SCHOOL
BIIIIDlNC;

i BUILDING.
OFFICE OF THE ENGINEER COMMISSIONER,
WASHINGTON, d. c.. May 10, 1885
by direction of the Board of Commissioners,
sealed proposals will be received at this office
until IL O'Clock m, on Wednesday. May 2S,
1855, for constructing school buildings and
stair halls on each side of the stevens School
Building, on Twenty-first street, between X
and l. streets northwest.
Blank forms of proposal and specifications,
together with all necessary Information, can
be obtained at the Office of the Inspector of
Buildings of ID. G., and bids upon these forms
alone will be considered.
The right is reserved To reject any OF all bids.
g.. LYDECKER,
Major of Engineers u. $. A.,
my20-Gt Engr Commissioner ID. c.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
DRoposALs FOR STATIONERY.

PosToFFIcE DEPARTMENT,
WAsHlNGToN, ID. C., May IL, 1855.
Sealed proposals will be received at this De
partment until IL o'clock m. on Wednesday,
June n, 1855, for furnishing Stationery for
the use of First and Second Glass Postoftices
for one year from July |, 1880.
Blank forms of proposals showing the items
and estimated quantities required, together
with circular relating thereto, vii be fur
nshed on application to this Department.
Proposals should be addressed To the First
Assistant POstmaster-Gene and indorsel
Proposals for Stationery
The Postmaster-G General reserve the right
to reject any or all bids,
WIN. +. Villas,
my152taw,lw Postmaster General.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
LOST AND FOUND.

Gt10 REWARD-LOST, SATURDAY, 18TH
sNlU inst, on Pa. ave- near 9th St. lady's
hunting-case gold watch and chain, with
medal, on which Is engraved owners name.
Above reward for their return to 800 G 81. NV.
my21-3tF
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

PROFESSOR WILEY of the Department
Agriculture reports to Commissioner G.
man that the Potomac River water is
three kinds, namely: Quite turbi
slightly turbid, and almost clear.n II
is an infinite variety well-calculated
render Washington attractive to people
other cities who have to worry along {
one kind of water OF take to beer The
is nothing small about Washington.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
FOR NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..

DOR IENT-SEWING MACHINES 81 PER
II week or S3 per month; New American
No Z, New Domestic New Singer, New Auto
matte and other standard machines, at Auer
bach's, 1th st. my2l-0t
EOR RENT-STORE AND DWELLING;
IL lease given if desired. Apply at - II st..
n. @. my20-3tt
LNOR REMITTANCE BASEMENT ROOM
II dry and convenient; suitable for storage
of merchandise. Inquire at 422 9th st. n. W.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
MONEY TO LOAN,

ITO LoAN-$2OO, $500, sdOO, $500 ON
l. satisfactory security. A. LLOYD,
"Marshal Law Building 81"
imy6-u 80 1i2 ST. n. W.
7 BAYE MONEY 10 LOAN ON GOOD REAL
i estate or collat al security at lowest rates
Of II terest. No delay when security Is good.
o. @. GREEN, Room l, Flremen's building,
cor. 9Th and La, ave- ap14-tf
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

LATE arrivals from Louisiana report th
people of that state, and especially ofNe'
Orleans, anXiously watching the progre'
of the scientific discussion respecting IL
statement of Captain Eads, that deile
ton exists in the basin that may soc
pitch the Mississippi River into Bayc
Atchaialaya, leaving New Orleans his
and dry, as an inland town, and the j.
ties mere chain of mud-rccis in the Gu
In some sections there is reported alb
lutte terror, more especially in that wi
territory between New Orleans and At,
afalaya which would expect to
drowned out Of existence by the precip
tiOn,
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
For SALE--.LlIS.

E'OR SALE-BEAU11FULS SUBURBAN LOTS,
Il 25X10O feet, fronting Bladensburg Turn
pike, I'm sight of street-cars, $500; 500 cash,
balance S5 per month. Neat 5room cottages
built at lowest contract rates; SlOQ cash, bal
ielred.
THOMAS \. MITCHELL,
ap9.tf 931 + st., Rooms ; and g.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
FOR SAlE---HOUSES.

EOR SALE-TWO HANDSOME NEW RESI-
Il dences, rooms each, 1921 and 1928 q st.
II. W.; the houses are built In the most sub
lstantial manner--press brick fronts, brown
stone trimmings, two-story square bay VIM
dows, hardwood mantels, tilng fre-places and
furnaces; plumbing firstclass. For terms ap-
ply to a. A. Wilson. Firemen's Insurance Com
pany, corner 9TH ST. and Louisiana ave. n. w
keys at 1000 q st. n. W. my21 ct
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

IN trcmulous tones the Republican il
quires "Will the District COMMISSIONS
wait until a higher authority moves in tn
matter Of the polluted water?'. Well,
strikes the average observer that, if ther
be matter in the polluted water, the Com
missioners will gladly give way to any
body who wants to wade around in it
The Commissioners are but human.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

THE idea Of st. Louis editor, who ha,
been used to eating Mississippi water all
his life, attempting to frame an indictment
for impurity against the pellucid Potomac
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

nRAWING AND PAINTING-THE BEST
~ and cheapest place TO learn drawing and
hrts. cor 18th St ST. and n Y ave: ali cS,mmenc
ing Immediately will be received at half-price:
clildrens Saturday class $40 per year; classes
after 4 O'Clock for those IN the Departments
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

If the National Republican keeps on with
its evidence about our polluted water
supply" it will soon swear itself out Of
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

An uprising in the Congo country. at
tended by pilage and massacre, is report
ed to have risen over the conduct of one
of Henry NJ. Stanley's ivory expeditions
and the stories OF 1Il Mahdi's success. The
last Congress of the United States appro-
priated 5000 for an agent and 5000 to
build mp commercial relations between
this country and Congo. The agent is
Mr.. Tisdcl, who, under tue curious neu
trality agreement ofthc Congo Conference
will have to look to King Leopold for re
dress ofany grievances caused by rebellion
Africans. II looks as though the biggcs
thing about the Congo business is, afte
ALL Mr. stanley ivory trade.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

7 LOYD'S ORIGINAL WASHINGTON 2j-Cr.
IL Express; baggage checked at residence;
furniture carefully removed. Offices. 1908 +
bigi nyDOlGtm
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
PERSONAL.

I'm JOHNSON, TIE GREAT HAIR CUTTER
~ and shaver. The barber is at 80 Sth st..
Remember this Is the original jim Johnson,
who was stationed at Colcman's barber shop
for a number of years. Yours respectfully,
Prof. James III. johnson, nv 21-.Itt
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

this rate Of development, the District will
te equally divided among colorcd and
white people in 1890.
Aside from the fact that the colorcd in
crease has amounted to almost 1000 q
year, il is worthy Of general attention and
tongratulation that the increase Of white
citizens reaches the large ratio Of 1,l00 a
year. And it is also worthy of remark
that a large proportion of the added white
population have been wealthy, intclli-
gent and ambitious In all respects,
therefore, the district and city have
bounded along in prosperity and success,
developing at an unprecedented rate the
great Interests Of the Capital, and giving
promise of a far grandcr future.
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
FOR RENT..-H0USES.

ENOR RENT-FOR SIX MONTHS, A NEWLY
IL furnished house, IN II. W. Sec, at S6o per
month to satisfactory party. Address Box B,
Critic office. my196t%
I'OR RENT-HOU5E AND STORE NO. 3l3
II Pennsylvania avenue H.. w.; refer to
Jackson & Co., 826 Pa. ave., or 1908 st. n.
W. myl0'0tN
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
FOR EXCHANGE.
BOARDING.

CAPE May BoARDING-AIlLLER COT
~ tage, 4 Perry ST., Cape May, ~ j. Estab-
llshed house: homelike and pleasant; near
leading hotels and bathing grounds; reason
able rates Apply, rs above, TO Mrs \. L,
Brooks. my2l-3t
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23

LNDR RENT--A PLEASANT FRONT ROOM,
IL on second lioor. furnished, on Capitol
HID, 10 gentleman only, for S0amontb refer
f m E ..ntrn mvlS-:ltf
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
WANTED HEIp...FEMALE,

Advertiseme ents OF Three Lines under ths head
Inserted three times for 25 cents
The Washington critic., 1885-05-23
FOR Observation-Disclosures.

Advertisements of Three Lines under this head
Inserted three times for IS cents.
E'OR SALE-A LIGHT ROADSTER BUGGY
II Cheap. Can be seen at 1ll7 & ST. NV,
my2l-3t
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1885-08-20

a string Of carriages alightsd. first. Rev. j.
Z. Newman and Bishol Ii .rri>. Following
them wer, Gem. Sheridan an Buckner,
Sherman and jos Johnston. Gen. John A.
Logan AMI George W. Boutwell, Then
came the funeral car. preceded by the band
and surrounded by the members o. George
q. Meade post, Of Philadelphia. Behind
them. and coming slowly down between
the ranks OF soldiers at a present arms,
were the family and mourners. among
whom were President Cleveland, Vics Pres
ident Hendricks. ex-Presidents Arthur and
Hayes. Gen. John Sherman and other nota-
bles. When the car had reached its place
before the door of the tomb the Governors
Island band, stationed on the knoll TO tns
----=, ~s-Fs7yi - play, ani aii uowa u,e
ranks muffisd drums beat a sad tattoo
Whea the steps prepared for the purpose
were placed at the back Of the car the vse-
erans Of Meade post who were chosen as
pail bearers mounted to it, and, under COM
mand OF an officer below, bore the casket TO
the cedar box on the ground before the door.
Behind them came Col Grant. with his
wife, his brothers wife, and little Nellie
They took their places to the south of the
casket President Cleveland and Gen. Ham
cock were directly behind, while DIR. New.
man, Bishop Harris and the soldiers and
prominent officials ranged themselves at the
north and west sides. When the casket had
been placed in the cedar lsad-lined box the
members OF Meade post stepped forward,
ami, as was their right. began the last SER
vises over the body vi their dead comrade.
The services were very brief. Post Com
mander Alex Reed, stepping forward, said:
We are assembled to pay the last sad tribute
of respect u our late commander and iIlustrious
cOmrade, L. :. Grant. Let Us unite in PRAYER
The chaplain will invoke the divine blessing
Post Chaplain c. Irvine White then said:
God of battles Father OF all, Amidst this
mournfui aSsemblage seek Thee with whom
who changed the night of death into morning
In the depths OF our hearts we would hear the
celestial words II am the resurrection and the
life: he that beeyeth in Me, though he were
dead, yet shah ne I'VE. As comrade after COM
rade parts and We march on with ranks broken
help us 10 BE- faithful unto Thee and each We
beseech Thee, look Ia mercy on the widows and
children Of deceased comrades. and with Thine
own tenderness console and comfort those be-
reaved by this event which calls "a here Give
''the oil az jOy-the garment Of praise for the
spirit Of heavness." Heavenly Father, bless and
save our country with the freedom and peace OF
Righteousness. and through Thy great mercy. a
Savior's grace and Thy holy spirits favor may
Heaven. and 10 Thy great name shall be praise
forever and ever.
At the close OF the prayer a grizzlel bug
Ter came out OF the throng. and, standing
directly over the boiy. sounded taps
Then Bishop Harris came forward. and,
while IA gentleman standing near shielded
down. be began the beautiful burial serv-