Lexington weekly intelligencer. (Lexington, Mo.) 1871-1887, 1884-05-24
PROSPECTS FOR ITS SUCCESS.
HOW THE ARTIO COLONY WAS Es-
TABLIsHED In THE 10Y NORTH.
Oircumpolar Stations and the Valuable
Work They Have Done.
Two Former Failures.

WorK Iney have Done.
| Two Former Failures.
Fruitless Efforts to Succor Greedy
LOSS of the Proteus.
Observations at Point Barrow.
| From the New York Herald
Continued from iast peek.)
WORK AT THE NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. OF
THE POLAR CONGRESS- TO THE COM
MANDRRs OF THE COLONIES.
At the suggestion of Count Wiczek the
Polar Congress resolved to publish a snecial
Journal, the Bulletin de Ia Commission Poln-
rie Internationale. This publication was 10
record the work Of the expeditions and to in
form the scleatihc world of the results
achieved. The congress also decided thai II
would be advisable to leave behind the build
iiigs and all other material belonging 10 th.
expeditions that might be available for The
use or future scientific observers; ana it was
suggested that the officers in Command of
each party should be instructed to this effect,
and that every possible precaution and safe.
guard against injury to the material left be-
hind SHOULD be- taken. The Polar Commis-
sion III It's instructions to the commanders of
Inc, Inc various y, M expeditions divided the observs-
tary aud the obligatory. The obligatory class
Was divided into four OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Sy, magnetism, aurora and ASTRONOMY. The
voluntary observations, the taking of which
though not absolutely insisted on, were
Malmiy auvocated.included almost every
phase Of natural science, such as temnera
lure OF the soil, snow and ice, above and be-
low the surface; evaporation, terrestrial mag
netlsm, gaivanlc earth currents, auroral phe-
hrfndvr ...Nt.S
pendulum observations; stmopherie eIec,rici.
ty; inquiries into the growth, motion and
structure Of ice; the physical properties of
sea water, "a well as q number of other vau-
able and Interesting investigations. 1t was
suggested also that samples Of air aud water
should he procured for analysis, and that col
lectiOns should he made In the departments
OF zoology geology and botany. The magnetic
and meteorological observations, being Of the
greatest importance, were insisted upon aud
the 0ties branches of inquiry which, OF
course, would depend on various circum-
stances, were left to the discretion Of the
members OF the expedition.
Under these circumstances 1t Is not too
much to expect the most valuable results i'm
the way OF meteorological observ atiOus from
THESE Polar stations. The Information we
already possess concerning Arctic and Ant
nrstic pnenomena are necessarily scant and
incomplete. What we do know, however,
creates an ardent desire for further enlight-
enment. The phenomena are very compli-
Gated. and the observer of the three elements,
destination inclination, aud intensity, Is
from the coldness Of the temperature. Not
only this, but In the language OF a recent
scientific writer, "the feebleness Of the hori-
2. ntal intensity OF terrestrial magnetism, as
which in those regions makes such observa-
tl0ns very troublesome and delicate No less
than thlrty-two readings OF the dipping
nee. needle are are required for single determins-
mentary readings on other Instruments.
REPORTS FROM TIE STATIONS,
Detailed reports sent home hy Herr Sopbus
rromhOlt from the Finnish station at Sedan.
kya are startling In the novelties they contain.
de experimented almost on gigantic scale
with the aurora borealis. BY means of an
face and up the summit Of hill COO feet
hlgh ne was able to produce an artificial au-
rora differing In no respect in appearance
arice ami spectHH1seopI analysis from the genuine
any photograph, even BY using the most SEN
sltlve dry plates. Thus, brilliant as the
northern lights are. the actual amount of
Iight contained in them is exceedingly slcn-
The Austrian Polar expedition, which re.
tnrned last August from Jan Maven Land
aiter an absence of sixteen months was
qulte successful. The observations were
perfect, their collections rich and their photo.
good work, too. The spectroscopic oLservs. s @
tons We're very Satisfactory.
From the latest news regarding the Swed-
ish station at Spitzbergen 1t is cleaned that
the results have been good.
Ine Danish expedition was caught In the
!ce IN the ksra Sea, and their operations were
Inms delayed for another year there.
.a,s:. nS RUSSIAN contingent were so late In
reaching their station on the Lena that thew
u'Saaed 70 spend another year there.
{, WIN the exception Of the Danish expedi-
uon, STATIONS were established, In sccorjance
Wnn y. we plan devised by the International
rolsr Commission. al round the Polar area.
ready to begin the actual work OF obserys,
lion on August l, 1881. aa II -
THE POINT BARROW PARTY SCIENTIFIC
WORK OF THE SECOND AMERICAN ARC.
TIC COLONY.
The station ut Point Barrow IS at the most
lorthern part OF Alaska, IN latitude I58 de-
.rees y @ 10 minutes west. The party consisted
y y ,sa. satst Lieutenant p. p: Rea. fthe Eighth
nIistsd men and five civilian employees. The
'xpeditfon sstled from San francisco on
,uly IL, 1881. and reached the station ON
september following. The Golden Fleece
sarfow, started on her voyage back on Sep
The party, under the energetic direction of
,ieatenant !, hea; began their work Of erecting
IuSLrument2
md stores. The weather during ali Septem-
'er was wet and Indictment, and the work or
.uild!ng was carried ON under much difflculty 77z
SUI the rapidly forming Ice on the lake and
niets showed there was little time TO be lost,
~ the 81 Of October the building was ready
or 2 occupation and the whole party moved in.
\ succession OF storms Of snow and sleet set
Y anu lasted TO the end of October, making
very unpleasant for the party. After the
'arty had moved into their new building the
inside work WAS completed. The neteoro-
ogical Instruments were placed and bonrIy
observations In that department commenced.
fhe three magnetic Instruments were mOunf.
u on wooden piers. The season being too
ar advanced, the members Of the expedition
sction Of botanical and geological specimens.
me magnetic work was very trying during
he very cold weather, for delicate instr1
nents had to be manipulated and read in
a. low as minus Il degrees. AT
ucn umes II 10 Of course almost impossible
touch metals with the bare hand. From
ne LIST OF December, 1881, to the lst of An
ust. 1882. over ninety Thousand readings of
ne magnetic instruments alone were taken
nd recorded. corresponding amount of
ime time. - '"'
RETURN OF THE PARTY,
Lieutenant Rae and party, after a STAY or
vo years, returned last October, on the
hoOner Leo, from Point Barrow. Tia
rouEht his men back in good health. no
ckness worthy Of note having occurred dur.
g the whole time. His magnetic insfrm-
ents were read nourly from August I, 1882.
August IL, 1883. Over six thousand auro
! observations were made. His report il
III IN course OF preparation.
FOR DEIEGATE ATTApnp