davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
Postal Savings Banks.

The Springfield Republican lately re-
ceived the following question from Yer.
mont farmer:
"Will the Republican kindly tell its
readers in what way postal savings banks,
which it advocates, differ in principle
from the interconvertible 365 bonds
which it condemns Its readers will not
need to be told the great difference be-
tween either of these and the three per
cent bonds issued only for sums out of
the reach Of the average working man or
woman"
The Republican, in reply, denies ever
having advocated postal savings banks,
and thus evades answering the question.
But it says:
"The claim that the people are hunger
ing for bond in small amounts is ex.
ploded by the fact that it was tried in
1879 during the refunding operations,
when the secretary of the treasury was au.
thorized to issue certificates of deposit in
sums of $40, bearing four per cent interest,
convertible at any time with accrued in
terest into four per cent bonds. This act
was approved February 26, 1879. 1t was
much noised in the newspapers, and banks
everywhere took subscriptions, and by
May 81, the investment in this class of
securities had reached $2S,723,000. In
the next thirty days more than half of
them were presented for conversion. PEG.
pie could not putter with collection of
ten cents quarter interest, and the whole
scheme proved to meet no popular want.
In very short time these certificates
nearly all returned to the treasury, and
now the amount outstanding is less than
100000"
We have been regular reader of the
Daily Republican for twenty-four years,
and, while it has the advantage of cor
respondent who has no access to file of
the paper, in making denial like the
above, we do not believe we are wrong in
saying that we have frequently seen ar
ticles in the Republican praising the postal
savings banks of England, if not directly
advocating the establishment of them in
the United States. 1t does not deny that an
interconvertible bond issued in small
amounts is substantially the same in prin.
ciple as the receipt card, or pass-book Of
postal savings-bank. But it takes the
bull bravely by the horns, and denies that
the people want any such thing, or, infer
entially, that it would be useful to the
people.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03

After going over the whole piece in this
way, we reverse the knives of the hoe and
and then go through and back between
the rows of beets, which clears out every
thing except the little narrow strip in the
row of beets itself. A man now goes
through with hoe and cuts out between
the hills. We do not thin the hills until
the plants are from three to four inches
high. They are then we'll rooted, and
with shsrppointed hoe man goes
through and cuts out all but one plant in
hill, there being scarcely any knee
aud finger work done. After this we
keep them cultivated out with the Planet,
Jr., horseshoe as cultivator, which, we
think, is the best cultivator there is made.
should have said that the Planet, Jr.,
wbeel.boe is hand hoe. One man can
do more work with it in one hour than
ten men in the old way. Now, if you
have any doubt about this beet business,
Just come over and take look at our
crop of beets. We think they can't be
beaten in this town. We have raised
them in this way for two years. Our
neighbors are doing the same, SO far as
the planting is concerned, but none have
the wheelhoe, as they think $40 big
price to pay for one. So they borrow of
us, if not too far away. We know that
beets can be raised in this way chesply,
and the men do not find any fault with the
uork -
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
Budding.

We consider budding to be preferable,
for changing the tops of young fruit
trees, to grating, besides being much
easier and quicker, and done at pleas.
anter season. The following, from the
Maine Farmer, will help the beginner to
understand the process, but all orchardists
should own some such book as Barry's
Fruit Garden, which gives full informs-
ton, illustrated by engravings:
Budding is an operation which is
very simple and easily performed. At
ing to any one who has the slightest taste
for horticultural work. For changing
young trees into varieties wanted it is as
good method as grating; and it may
also be practiced to advantage in chang
ing the top of tree, if done before the
branches have grown to large size. In
this state, with apple trees, the work is
usually done the last of August or the first
of September. There are two conditions
that must be found in order to do the
work. The bark must slip on the tree to
be changed, and the buds to be used must
have advanced to proper stage Of growth.
1t will be best to do the work as early as
these conditions are found, and never to
delay it many days into September. On
the stalk to be budded select smooth
place and with a sharp knife make a
smooth cut through the bark, directly up
and down, two inches in length, and near
the top of this make cross cut one.half
inch in length. With the point of the
knife, or better, with a dull, smooth in.
strument made for the purpose, start up
slightly, without bruising, the edges of
the two lips of bark. Select scion of
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
Chewing the Cud.

Every child living in the country has
stood and watched this curious operation,
and wondered what the lump was which
he saw come up in the cows throat, and
then go down again after she had chewed
it for certain length of time. And per-
hap3 he may have seen the anxiety and
turmoil produced on farm by the report
that some one of the COWS had "lost her
cud," and as the result of this excitement
he may have seen the absurd attempt to
"mske a new cud," in the hope that the
COW would by such means be restored to
good condition. There is in the minds of
large proportion of readers 80 little cor
rect understanding of the true nature of
"chewing the cud' that few words con.
corning it may not be amiss. A very large
tribe of animals of which sheep and
cows are only familiar examples, are
called in works of natural history Rumin.
anita, because they all rumindte, they chew
the cud. They do 80 because their pecu-
liar organs of digestion require it they
can get their nourishment in no other
way. They have, it is said 10 the books,
four stomachs, but the statement is not
strictly correct, for the entire digestion is
done in a single one, that which is called
the fourth, the other three being only
places for preparatory work. Their food
is swallowed without being chewed; the
chewing is to come later. When this
unchewed food is swallowed it passes
directly into the first stomach, to use the
common term; but the drink which the
animal takes goes straight past the En-
trance of the first into the second. These
two serve only to soak and soften the
coarse food. When the first has done
what it can, the food passes out of it into
the second, and then the COW or sheep is
ready to "chew the cud." The second
stomach, while busy at work in soaking
the food, keeps it in motion, and gradually
rolls it up into masses, 80 that in the small
upper part there is formed an obong solid
lump of the sizs that we recognize as the
"cud.' This the animal throws up into
the mouth, and chews with evidently as
much satisfaction as the same act of mas.
tication gives US when we put the most
delicate morsels between our teeth. When
it is sufficiently chewed, the mass is swal.
lowed and its place taken by another
which had been rolled up in the meantime
But the "cud" thus masticated does not
1t had come. 1t passes smoothly into the
third, place for additional fabrication,
and then into the fourth, where the true
digestion begins aud ends. This is, in
brief, the whole story, and we see how
naturally the chewing comes in it is the
same as in our own case, only that it is
at different stage of the foods progress,
and we see also what losing the cud
really is. The cow or sheep is suffering
from indigestion the second stomach "
has failed to roll up the little masses suit.
able for chewing, and there is nothing
which the poor beast can bring up. OF
course, therefore, the one thing required
is to restore the tone and pover of The
stomach not to burden it with an artif-
cial cud," which would only increase the
difficulty instead of relieving it.-Scien-
tifc american.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
Cleansing Cellars.

The agricultural papers often wrestle
with this subject, urging its importance
in reference to the health of the occupants
of houses, especially farm-houses. To the
careless householder it may do some good,
thus to remind and urge him. Yet the
tendency to cleanliness is 30 clearly a
moral quality, being truly "akin to god
liness," that it is as difficult to make
nasty man or woman neat, as 1t is to
make selfish ones self-denying and gen.
erous, or drunken ones total abstainers.
Any one who needs to be reminded to
clean out and whitewssh his cellar in the
spring, is not likely to do it because he is
reminded. And what can be done for
men who leave the bodies of their ode
ceased calves lying unburied about their
buildings every season, as not few do,
even in Vermont 2 Nothing short of be-
ing " soundly converted to God" will do
such folks any good. We suppose we
have no such nasty critters among our
readers, but we will reprint few sensible
remarks on the cellar question:
zone good agency for keeping the air
of the cellar sweet and wholesome, says
DR.. r. c. Kedzie, in the New York Tri.
bune, is whitewash made of good white
lime and water only. The addition of
glue or size, or anything of this class, is
only damage, by furnishing organic
of In ha rs
lime in whitewash is not simply to give
white color, but it greatly promotes the
complete oxidation of effluvis in the cell
lar air. Any vapors that contain COM
bined nitrogen in the unoxidizsd form
contribute powerfully to the development
of disease germs. Lime powerfully pro-
notes oxidation, especially in damp stu
atoms. have seen cellar walls where the
mortar was covered with white eff Or.
escence of nitrate of lime. So powerfully
does lime accelerate the oxidation of nj.
trogenous matter for the formation of
nitrates that it causes the lime rot in
the foul alleys of cities. The nitrate of
lime is very soluble, and the rain soon
washes away the lime of the mortar, leav-
ing only the sand to hold the bricks
together. The same tendency to oxida-
ton may keep the cellar free from foul
odors by oxidizing the volatile nitrogen
compounds into innocent nitrate of lime"
DR.. Kedzie seems to anticipate, in these
remarks, that in the whitewashed cellar
there will still remain putrefying mate
rial to furnish "etfluvia," which will be
oxidized by the lime on the walls, produc-
ing nitrate of lime. AS matter of fact
it would require considerable amount of
decomposing vegetable matter to produce
nitrous fumes of this character. But eel.
lars can be and ought to be kept as clean,
and in the warm seasons as we'll ventilated,
as any part of house. And it is only
the most careless who will allow vegetable
or animal matter to be decomposing in
the cellar in the winter. The cellar
should have as careful supervision in this
respect as the buttery.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
Growing Beets and Mangels.

We are greatly indebted to our friend,
S. M. Macomber of Grand Isle (whose
excellent corn, bean and beet-seed planter
we have used for two seasons with great
satisfaction, and consider the simplest,
most durable, most sure planting and
cheapest implement of the kind in the
market), for the following article, giving
his method of growing beets for stock:
81 want to give you our method of
growing mangels, because we think we
have hit upon the right way. We pillow
our ground in the fall. Then in the spring,
as soon as it will do to work the soil, we
give 1t good thorough working up with
the Randall harrow. After the weeds
get pretty well started we 60 over it again
in the same way. We repeat it as often as
necessary to kill the weeds until time to
plant, about the 1st of June,-this year it
was the Sd. Just before planting we SOW
broadcast from two to four hundred
pounds of phosphate to the acre, accord.
4h6 w WIZ hiShhOoo VI buo pOlly uh.IOW ~
in well and roll, mark thirty inches apart,
and then plant with the hand.planter-
that is, the corn and bean planter-that
we make, which has cell purposely for
planting beets. 1t is better to sift out
the small seed and plant only the largest.
We plant from ten to twelve inches apart
in the rows. OF course there will quite
number of plants come up in the hill,
as the planter drops from three to four
seeds in place; bnt this is what we
want, as they are sure to come up, while,
if planted in drills, there will be good
many missing hills. Now you will. see
that we have each hill right where we
want it. As soon as they come up 80
that we can see the rows, we go through
them with the PLANET, Jr, wheel hoe.'
This hoe straddles the row, and the knives
are set to run within one-half inch on
either side of the row. The knives are
about six inches long and run fat, so that
they cut every weed for space of six
inches on each side of the row of beets
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
Fruit-Farming ON Fertilizers.

MIR. j. FL. Hale of the fruit-growing
farm of Hale Brothers, South Glastonbury,
Conn.,, writes us the following letter on
this interesting subject. The Hales are
the well.known introducers of many valu-
able fruits, among them the Crescent and
the Manchester Strawberries, which have
proved so valuable. They are generally
known as the strawberry kings" of
Connecticut, and their experience in
use of fertiliz srs, as noted in the follow
ing communication, will be read with
interest:
"Noting in some of the papers that you
have used nothing but commercial fertil.
izers on your farm for some years past,
it is with much pleasure that we hear of
your success, for the manure question has
always bothered us, and for ten years past
we have depended wholly on commercial
manures. We have not only had good
crops, but can notice marked improve
ment in the soil from year to year. Some
of our best berry fields and peach orchards
now were, fifteen years ago, old, worn out
pastures, growing SO little grass that at
least six to eight acres were required to
furnish feed for one COW. With nothing
but raw ground bone and potash these
same fl aids have been made almost a
Garden of Eden with their luxuriaut
growth of all the small fruits. The deep
rich green of the grass and the foliage of
all the plants on our place can be seen for
miles away in comparison to the adjoining
farms MANFRED with stable manure. We
have thus far produced abundant crops
without the use of nitrogen, or at least
without buying any except the very small
amount we may get in the fine ground
raw bone, and so long as the plant
growth continues as favorable as it is at
present we shall not buy any. l write
this for the purpose of asking what COM
mercial manures you use, and if you have
found it necessary to use heterogeneous ma
nure to any extent, and if so in what
form you use it. We sometimes use a
little fish, or Peruvian gusno, and this year
have tested nitrate of soda with good
success where we wish to hurry up the
plant gro,oM little, but have never been
able to see any benefit to the fruit crop by
their use.
Manchester and Windsor Chief still
continue to be the most profitable straw.
berries here, while Miner and Crescent
come next. The Daisy Miller, Sucker
State, Mrs. Garfield and Daniel Boone are
all very promising here. Mississippi Val.
ley proves to be the Champion, and Park
Beauty is only the Crescent with new
name. Jumbo, from Purdy, we have not
fruited, but the plant is identical with
Cumberland Triumph. Marlboro rasp.
berry was just grand here this season
very early, large and fine as Outhbert, and
much brighter in color. think it can
not fail of being great success. We are
just picking to-day August 1O] lot of
Stones Hardy blackberry, and. besides
its other good qualities, it is the best eat
ing blackberry have ever tested-rich,
sweet and delicious, with not the slightest
core. think for New England it will be
even ahead Of Snyder"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03

WE notice that the Rev. E. p. Roe
uses the expression "pure cussedness in
" Natures Serial Story" (September Hsr-
per, page $40. Nevertheless, it is highly
improper, even when applied to weasel,
by a minister.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03

"WINTERED in the cellar, not wa
tered" is what we desired to say about
water lilies in tubs. If wintered out of
doors, freezing will kill the roots.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-09-03
New Idrertisements.
If 1t acre possible

to get the testimony of the multitude who
have used HOOPS SARsAPARILLA for de-
blity, languor, lassitude, and that general
feeling of stupidity, WEAKNESS and exhaus.
tion which every one feels during this season,
we should be able to present to our readers
such an overwhelming mass of commend
atory messages, that the few who have not
tried it would do so at once. 1t is positive
fact, and has been so efIectually demon
strated that no one to-day denies it, that
Hoods Sarsaparilla contains more real med
cinal value than any article before the people.
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05

The numerous shocking acrobatic
accidents which have recently occurred
in some OF the southern parts of Austria
have determined the authorities at Tri-
este to introduce into the Diet of that
province a bill prohibiting the perform
ance of all dangerous feats in public in
future. The female trspezist Zeo, who
fell and injured herself q few nights ago
at a Trieste circus, is dead. A few days
before M. Amato, manager of the cir
Gus, had a terrible fall from his horse,
and was lying in a dangerous condi-
ton. At Flume, on the same day, an
acrobat fell during his performance,
and received probably fatal injuries.
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05
Tex Sa1e-

..Is Sfa q ~, T. i ssr:S9. sir: va t tht Ion on h !nnA Il: 'oth day Of Jun. A. D, 1884 at 10
s.e Gn . RI faH E1n., d Cosnty Of ch:bsygan. and State Of Michigan, 8 mg:l Of
Oh or v9socygaa ssn.quont TOT unpaid taxes for The year 1882 as will be sumeisntto
PAY me ~ NJ charges thereon, according to the act Of incorporation Of said
vlnage Pr IN shtute In sush sasssm made and provided. towh:
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05

The Washington Monument will be
finished in December, 1884. Thus far
it has cost S940, 900. Washington Star.
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05

Sick animals should be separated
from healthy ones.
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05
Description.

4 picce OF land coming ut tho n . corner
of a piece of land formerly owned nv
Della Promo, thence west 8 rods, thence
south 4 rods, thence east 9 rods, north
4 rods to place Of beginning, being a
part OF the n Q \ Of 4, SEQ -. town
~ n, r l west. ........... ............"
. piece OF land oom'g ut the n W corner
son to Albert Tebo, thence s'erly along
the v side OF said Tebo land, thence
WHY 4 rods, thence My 10 rods, thence
ely 4 rods to place of beginning, being
q part OF the n Q Y Of n @ i, section 32,
town 80 n, T Observation-Disclosures.
Y n OF lots 10 and 10, block 4, In II Patter-
sons LIST addition to Choboygan village
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05

Village Highway
Tax. Tax. Interest. Total
Northern tribune. [volume] (Cheboygan, Mich.) 1875-1885, 1884-06-05

Name Of owner
or occupant.
George Adama
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1884-09-25
Important Information

FNHE public are hereby informed that
II the Steam Fire Ektinguisher offered
for sale under what is called the "Aferedith''
patent. the chief feature of which is a
Retotping Ball, Is regarded by the owners of
the Taylor L Cox Steam Fire Extinpuisber
as nm infringement of their patent, which
is the first and original, and that they have
commenced suit aguinst w. G. Meredith
and a. c. Latimer in the L. $. Circuit
Court, the nature of which will make eyo.
~ purchaser OF an Extingusher under the
"Meredith' patent party to said suit, pro-
vided the Taylor q Cox Company are sue
cessful.
This notice is given rs information. TINT
the public may be informed of the situe-
ton Of affairs, and that persons un;nformed
may not ignorantly become involved in
said suit.
AS to the "Reroiring'' ball being apy i'm
f:oYsmSnt OIL the Stationary BALI, i: is only
necessary 10 siaie that any person hr-in1
common sense knows, or ought to 7, ..ow'
that revolving ball, ejecting steam and
water, will not throw the same as fer, or
over as much space, as u stationary ball.
Parties purchasing Steam Fire Extin.
guisher OF any patent, when examining
certihcates or testimonials, are cautioned
to examine whether they refer to the Tav-
Tor u Cox Extinguisher or other patent, rs
great many testimonials have been given
TO our agents, and might be used now to
sell what we consider an inferior Estin-
guisher, or an Infringement OF our patent.
E. T. TOLLISON,
The only Agent for Anderson and Abbe.
vile Counties for the Taylcr & Cox Fire
Extinguisher. n
Sept rs, 1884 III
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1884-09-25
Gen. Scales Has a Narrow Escape.

CHARLOTTE, September lG.-To NOR.
row had been set apart for day of joint
discussion o. political issues between
Gen. A. NJ. Scales. the Democratic, and
DR.. Tyre York, the Republican candidate
for Governor. The canvass has been
progressing some days in extreme Wes
tern North Carolina. Scales reached his
home in Greensboro this morning and
telegraphed he could not meet his ap
pointment here. Inquiry by telegraph
discovered the fact that day or TWO ago
while Scales wns crossing Cowee Noun
tain in Jackson County the horse ran
away with his buggy. At the bend of
narrow defile the horse ran ou, of the
road and fell down a precipice one bun.
dred feet high. Scales jumped out just
a. the buggy went over and fell fifty feet
down perpendicular precipice, and
lodged in the top Of tree and with great
difficulty saved his life. The buggy wa,
shattered to atoms and the horse wns
killed. Scales made his way to q neigh
boring house. and was cared for until
medical relief could be obtained. No
bones were broken, and he hopes to be
able to resc1ie the canvass in few days.
Governor Jarvis has been telegraphed
for, and has consented to represent Scalcs
here tomorrow. A large crowd is antic.
ipa,ed and it will be field day for the
Democracy