davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
THE CHOLERA IN EUROPE.
What n Distinguished Physiciun has to -,
About the Origin of the Disease.

The Toulon correspondent of tbe
Paris GautoiS has had another inter.
lew with the celebrated DR.. Koch. who
sticks to the theory that the cholera is
the work of microbes, or microscopic or.
ganisms, which are taken into the sys-
tenn with food and water.
"All my autopsies, said the doctor,
''leave no doubt whatever in regard TO
the Asiatic character of the plague. I
have found precisely the same phenom.
ena as were discovered in the cases that
studied in India. The microbes were
the same, and were more numerous than
in cases that have examined in Egypt.
Messrs. Strauss and Roux, who were
present at the autopsies, also recognized
in Egypt the presence of the Indian
microbe, but it was always accompanied
by others; but in tho- Eases sscfIoulon
the Indian microbe has ali extraordinary
preponderence. In addition to its other
destructive qualities this microbe Sc
cretes genuine poison, which produces
insensibility and brings on the dry ehol-
era, which is the most deadly and rapid
of all. AS have already said, the con-
tamination is not carried in the air, but
it is brought about through the absorp-
ton of the microbes that infest alimen-
tary matter, and particularly water"
'tAnd this theory" said the Gautois
correspondent, "explains your advice to
the authorities to close the wells, to Or
der people to drink only water that had
been boiled or taken from distant locali-
ties ?"
"Precisely," said the doctor. "And
it is also necessary to take only food
that is we'll cooked for, bear in mind,
the microbe dies in high, and above
all, in dry temperature. The first pre-
caution to take is to subject the bed
clothing of the victims to high temper
ature, with dry air and phenic acid,
more or less condensed. The microbe
cannot live in condensed solutions of
picnic acid or in dry air. 1t must not
be forgotten that it develops and multi
plies in humidity. 1t has been found in
tie ponds of the countries where chol-
era exists. Acting upon this theory, I
advised the closing and thorough heat
ing of the apartments infected"
Correspondent-What is your opinion,
doctor. as to the origin of the present
epidemic
DIR, Kocn-I believe it is safe to say
tina in view of the precautions taken
by the navy, the cholera could only have
been brought by some merchant vessels,
probably by an English ship; for on
board English vessels there is little scru-
Pile about concealing the deaths during
L voyage or about falsifying the books.
The Paris says that German societies
nave bought up all the phenic acid in
he market, and are now selling it at
louble its value, while at the same time
German scientific lectures are being
widely published in which the use of
'henic acid is strongly recommended as
preventive against cholera.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
The Tidal Wave at Milwaukee.

The tidal wave which came in from
Lake Michigan lately, and which
'caused the Milwaukee River suddenly
to assume a counter current at the rate
of one and quarter miles an hour, r"
can be only ascribed to the effect of the
storm centre then passing to the east
ward. The wind was brisk and from
southerly point during the afternoon.
A similar "tidal wave" was reported as
observed on July 21, 1888, in Little
Traverse Bay, during the passage of a
storm. The probability in this case was
that the water in the lake was pushed
ahead of the storm, the wave oscillation
amounting to about four feet. There is
no reason to suppose that such waves
are periodical phenomena, though by
some coincidence like intervals between
their recurrence may have been OBJ
served.-NeaO York Herald.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
Lieutenant GcceIy's Work.
RESULTS OF THE ExPEDITIoN-ARCTIC
EXPLORATION ROBBED OF IT'S DANGERS.

General Ha zen furnishes the follow
ing statement with regard to the work
and experience of Lieutenant Greely' s
party at Lady Franklin Bay =
The work done by the Greely expedi-
tion far surpasses in importance, COM
pleteness and scope that done by any
other on record. This was made posi-
BILE by the very careful and extended
study beforehand and then coIonizing
there for two years, enabling the party
to take advantage of two entire summer
seasons for deliberate exploration. 1t
has shown the fallacy of the old belief
that fatal diseases, especially scurvy,
were necessarily incident to Arctic life,
and that life was there constantly NEIL
aced by the great cold.
It has shown that with discipline,
suitable clothing, proper and abundant
food, and good, suitably warmed
house, men can live there in perfect
health and comfort for considerable
period of time. This fact is corrobor-
ated by Lieutenant Rays experience at
Point Barrow, where in two years he
never had man on sick report, and
pronounced service there more safe than
in Florida. Lieutenant Greely liter
ally accomplished everything he was
sent to do in the two years he was at
Lady Franklin Bay, maintaining proper
discipline without more serious frosting
or discomfort than is experienced every
winter in Dakota, without serious illness
or discomfort of any member of the
party, bringing them all safely and well,
with all his records and instruments for
final comparison, to the point where
his responsibility ended.
1t has also solved the question of
Arctic exploration of the future, and
with the additional precaution of judi
ciously locating suitable depots with
houses, the party never passing beyond,
Arctic exploration will be robbed of its
dangers and apprehension.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
A COnstantinOpolitan Fire Company.

We soon caught sight of the captain
of the company. He was tall athletic
fellow, wearing short, loose trousers of
white cotton cloth. His legs were bare
below the knees; he wore Turkish red
shoes on his feet without stockings-a
loose jacket of brown felt over a white
cotton shirt, and his head was covered
with "1atalli~ howl which shone
brightly. A leather belt encircled his
waist and was clasped with large brass
buckle in front. He was coming TO-
ward us in double quick trot, brand
ishing, in proud manner, the brass
spout that belonged TO the hose. He
was followed by the engine and the fire.
men that belonged to it. Oh, what q
sight! Most of them were scantily
clothed and some did not even have caps
upon their heads, but 1 noticed that all
wore the regulation belt with the large
buckle in front. They were evidently
of the class which composed the riffraff
of the city. The engine itself was noih-
ing more than big sized garden pump,
carried on the shoulders of eight men,
four in front and four behind. They re-
lieved one another every now and then
with great dexterity and alertness.
They soon swept by us, followed by
the hose, which was coiled over a long
pole, the ends of which rested on the
shoulders of another file OF men. Just
as they reached the next corner there
emerged from q side street another en-
gine, whereupon a squabble for the
right of way Immediately arose. The
two companies jostled and pushed for
ward, each ope trying to get ahead Of the
other. After long harangue and blus-
ter, accompanied by constant yelling,
screaming and hard words. they lowered
their respective engines to the ground
and fell into a regular fight, wrestling,
pushing and knocking one another down
in most ferocious manner. Their looks
and actions were frantic and they fought
like madmen.
"Ah There comes the Ser-Asker,
the minister of war! He'll soon settle
their dispute % cried q voice near us.
And he did.
He was preceded by neovbe6ee, who
cleared the way for him, and when he
came up he promptly ordered the COM
panies to take up their engines and fol-
low him, which they did with the ut
most meekness and alacrity. There was
no chance now for either party to claim
the victory, but they kept up subdued
rattle of words all the way.-tT. Nicho-
I0S
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
A Presidents Message.

It was the habit of Sam Houston to
deliver his messages to the Texan Con-
gress orally. A few days before one of
his inaugurals member of Congress
said to the President that the body
would be better pleased if he would pre-
pare written messages; that it would be
treating them more respectfully to write
them ont, and, besides, they could then
be preserved for future reference. Ac-
'ordingly, on the day fixed for the inau-
quration he appeared with large roll
of paper in his hand and tied with blue
ribbon and marked in large letters SIN
augural.." He addressed them with the
roll in his hand, waving it gracefully
that all might see it, and, concluding
with polite bow, handed it to the clerk
and walked out of the chamber; when
opened it proved to be only blank paper
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
When Our Ships Come In.

Long years ago boy stood at his
mothers knee and asked her for many
things, toys, pleasures, pastimes, money
to procure them with.
"You shall have them all, said the
fond mother, kissing the boys upturned
face, "when my ship comes in."
But the ship never came in. Years
passed; the boy became a man, and the
mother, who was very sick, sent for
him. When he stood by her bedside
she looked at him with faint, sad
smile.
"My ship is coming in," she said.
Then he knew that she was dying.
'4tisa beautiful ship" she whispered,
'and it is bringing me every good thing
I have missed here"
"But it will take you away from me, -
and the strong man wept.
Other years passed, and an old man
lay dying. His grandchildren hung
about him to soothe his last moments
and see that his wants were attended to.
They thought he was gone-he lay so
silent. At last he opened his eyes and
said in a clear, firm voice:
"Rest--Home e-Heaven-I will have
them all, when my ship comes in"
"Has he a ship" asked the children of
each other.
"It is sailing steadily this way" said
the dying man. 'Its sails are white
and glistening; the friends of my youth
are on its decks of pearl; no rough seas
will engulf it; no storms will drive it
from its course; my Captain has given
His orders; my ship is coming in."
The children saw no white-winged
ship, or boatman pale. They heard not
the dip of the mutfied oars, as they bore
him away on "the sea that runs around
ali the world"
We all have ships at sea. To our hu-
man eyes some of them were wrecked
near shore,
'.By the flow of the inland river
while some went down in open sea with
all their colors flying. They have the
ShOiNSop eASd AOA ultb blltJ utNGI
come in; friends, dear friends are voy-
ayers on them; richer stuff than the
looms of India produce are in the holds;
jewels of fabulous wealth are held in
trust there; but are on the far-off sea
and come not to any harbor. We can
see the dip of the opal sails; we can
discern the beloved crew, but they are
ever sailing away, away.
''Ship ahoy y
1t is the voice of the commander,
Death.
The ship puts about and then comes
near to the white sands of life. 1t is no
unreal phantom ship. 1t is freighted
with youth and love, lost hopes and
blessed fruition. Our feet are upon the
decks-the white spray envelops us as
with veil; all sail is not for the
blessed isles-our ship has come in -
Detroit Free Press.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
WOman's Sixth Sense.

Here is a singular instance of the
working of that subtle, fine sixth sense,
which is apt to affect women more than
men and which is SO mysterious in char
acter that we often incline to deny its
existence at all. A lady sat sewing qui-
city in her sitting room and in an inner
chamber the nurse had just put the baby
to sleep and laid her in her basinette.
AS the nurse came out of the chamber
she said to her mistress:
''The little thing is asleep for three
hours, ma'am, I'll warrant"
The nurse went down stairs and for
about minute the mother sewed on.
Suddenly a desire seized her to go and
take the sleeping child from its crib.
"What nonsense !" she said to herself.
"Baby is sound asleep. Nurse just put
her down. I shall not CO."
Instantly, however, some power,
stronger even than the last, urged the
mother to go to her baby and after a
moment she rose, half vexed with her
self, and went to her chamber. The
baby was asleep in her little bed, safely
tucked in with soft white and pink blank
Its. One small hand was thrown above
jhe little brown head. It was half open,
the exquisite fingers slightly curved and
the palm as rosy as the depths of love-
ly shell.
"My baby p whispered the mother,
adoring the little sleeper as mothers will.
''My own little baby p
She bent over suddenly third time,
impelled by that mysterious force which
was controlling her, and for no appar-
ent reason took the sleeping babe in her
arms and went swiftly into the other
room. She had scarcely crossed the
threshold when startling sound caused
her to look back. Through a sitting
cloud of thick clay dust she saw that the
ceiling above the baby's cradle had fall
en-, burying the heaps of rosy blankets
and lying heaviest of all upon that spot
where, but for mystic warming, her little
child would even now he lying.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
COMMANDER SCHLEY,
Incidents In His Life-The Stories His Rel
aIives Tell.

1t has already been mentioned tha
Commander Winfield Scott Schley is
Marylander and a member of well
known family of that name. He is the
son of John T. Schley, who was fol
many years a leading member of the Bal
of Frederick County. His father died
in this city eight years ago, and was
buried in Frederick, where he had lived
SO long. His widow, Mrs. s. NJ. Schley,
is now with her daughter, living at No.
80 Courtland street, Baltimore. Both
are naturally proud of the heroic
achievement of Commander Schley, and
speak with Just admiration of his gal
liant conduct. Mrs. Schley says
"Scott was always fond of the sea from
boyhood, and never seemed at home
upon land. He loved his wife first and
his ship next. / remember hearing him
say the last time saw him, 'On board
ship feel at home; on land [ feel as if
L was good for nothing His father was
always, when boy, anxious to enter
the navy, but his father put hi, foot
down on it, and he never got to sea.
With his sons it was different, for three
OF them entered the navy. Scott was
appointed to the academy of Annapolis
from Frederick, by Congressman Henry
W. Hoffman, and has been in the Gov
ernment service ever since. He was
very anxious to go on this expedition,
although he had never been in the arctic
region before, and he seemed to be con-
hdent that he would find. the Greely
party. He did not, however, expect to
find them as soon as ne did, but told us
to look for him in October. He is,
therefore, home several months ahead
OF time. We hope to see him soon. His
wife is Mrs. Mamie Franklin, daughter
OF MIR. George r. Franklin, of An
napolis. They have three children.
Scott is very fond of his family, man
of very pleasant and amiable character,
always in good humor, and never out of
temper. His success is, of course, a
matter of great pride to all his family"
Commanner Schley graduated at the
Naval Academy in 1859, and went to
Japan with Commander Mexican. He
was promoted to master in 1861, and
was attached to the frigate Potomac, a
store ship, at Ship Island, in 1862; to
the gunboat Winona, of the West Gulf
blockading squadron, and engaged with |
a field battery near Port Hudson, La,
December IA, 1862. He was also in the
engagements which led to the capture |
of Port Hudson from March 16 to July |
8, 1868, and in one or two small skir- |
mishes in cutting out schooners, He |
was commissioned as Lieutenant on July
16, 1862, and from 1864 to 1866 was
stationed on the Wateree, of the Pacific
Squadron. On July 25, 1866, he was
commissioned Lieutenant Commander
He was placed at the Naval Academy
from 1867 to 1869; then was transferred
to the Benicia, of the Asiatic feet; then
back to the Naval Academy during
1876. He was commissioned Com
june 10, 1874, from which time
he had charge of the Essex, of the
South American station, until 1878.
Commander Schley has never been on
the sick list since he entered the service.
baltimore american.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
How a Salt Well is Worked.

The stratum of salt having been once
pierced, saturated solution of the sa-
line matter frequently rises in the boring
! to within eighty feet of the surface.
This, however, cannot always be de-
pended upon-and here centre the IN
creased difficulty and expense. When
a few dozen feet have been drilled,
six or an eight-inch iron pipe IS IN
serted as q ''casing." Inside of this
two-inch pipe-also of iron-is placed.
The leasing head" has two openings
one for the entrance of pure water from
a neighboring spring into the larger
pipe, at the lower end of which it be-
comes saturated with saline matter; the
other at the end of the smaller pipe to
allow the expulsion of brine. OF course,
the wells become foul and leaky at
times and then resort is had to torpedoes
of nitro -glycerine, which are sent down
to the bottom of the ''casing, and after
them is sent an iron weight which Sc
cures the explosion. The rusting of the
'casing" is the great enemy of the salt
worker; and when his engine cannot lift
the mass of rusted iron "knife" cuts
the rusted metal and the engine tears
it away piecemeal. But the salt wells
are exempt from any danger of taking
fire, and it is never necessary, as in the
case of oil wells, to shoot off the leasing
head" with a cannon ball. ,.-
After the brine has once reached the
surface it is forced into large reservoirs,
whence it is drawn off through ''string"
alter string of "covers," until solar
evaporation has left the coarser grades
of salt. The "covers" or vats are
usually 16 by Is feet, and the product
of each one per year is estimated at $50
bushels, while the product at Syracuse.
N. Y, is only about half that quantity.
1t is also claimed that the slope of the
valley at Warsaw is peculiarly adapted
to rapid evaporation by the sun. When
the finer grades of salt are wanted the
brine is led from the reservoirs to an
evaporating pan, where a gentle heat is
applied. Similar treatment in another
pan completes the process, and the resid
uum of the salt is raked upon a shelf
at the side of the evaporation. After
slight draining it is taken to the bins,
where a more thorough draining is
allowed for the space of three weeks
Popular Science Monthly.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21

THE SPANISH NAvY.-The Spanish
navy consisted in 1883 of five ironclads,
an ironclad monitor, floating battery,
and 1T other vessels. The navy pos.
sesses besides thirty five gunboats fol-
the defence of the Isthmus of Cuba and
Porto Rico. According to the new pro-
posals the reorganization of the fleet
ought to be completed in ten years. at
the end of which time Spain would pos
sess twelve ironclads, two ironclad cruis,
ers, seven first-class cruisers, nine Sec
ond-oiass cruisers, eleven third class
cruisers, sthirty-two torpedo boats and
six transports. A sum of 230, 900, ,00C
pesetas (abont SAG, 600, ,00O), to be spent
in ten years, is demanded from the Gov
eminent.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21
MISSED HIS LEGS,
An Instance of the Power of Ina agination

| DIR. Noble, in very able and analy
tical lecture at Manchester, England
on "The Dynamic Influence of Ideas,
related good anecdote of Mr.. Bout
bouse, French savant, in illustration
of the power of Imagination:
Mr.. Courthouse served in Napoleon's
army, and was present at many engage
ments. At the battle of Wagram in
1909, he was in the heat of the fray; the
ranks around him had been terribly
thinned by shot, and at sunset he was
nearly isolated.
While reloading his musket he was
shot down by cannon-balI. His i'm
preston was that the ball had passed
through his legs below his knees, COM
pletely severinge them; for he suddenly
sank down, shortened, as he believed
to the extent of about foot in measure,
ment.
The trunk of the body fell backward
on the ground, and the mans senses
were paralyzed by the shock.
Thus he lay motionless among the
wounded and dead all night, not daring
to move, when consciousness partly re-
turned, lest the loss of blood should be
fatally increased. That he felt no pain
he attributed to the stunning effect of
the shock on his nervous system, and
his faculties were still too numb to rea-
son why he had not bled to death.
At early dawn he was aroused by
one of the medical staff, who came round
to help the wounded.
"What's the matter with you, my
good fellow ?" said the surgeon.
"Ah, touch me tenierly, doctor" re-
piled Mr.. Courthouse, ga cannon-ball
has carried off my legs"
The surgeon examined the limbs re-
ferred to, and then giving him good
shake, said, with joyous laugh, "Get
up with you-there's nothing the matter
with your legs p
Mr.. Boutibouse sprang in utter as
tonishment, and stood firmly on the legs
which he had thought lost forever.
Il felt more thankful, said he, ethan
I had ever felt in the whole course Of
my life before. 1 had not a wound
about me. I had indeed been shot
down by an immense cannon-ball; but
instead of passing through the legs, as I
firmly believed it had, the ball had
passed under my feet, and had plowed
a hole in the earth at least foot in
depth, into which my feet suddenly
sank, giving me the idea that I had
been thus shortened by the loss of my
legs. "-L0ndOn Lancet.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21

THE SANE ONE.-The story is told
that while General Sherman was accom-
panying President Hayes on visit to
New England he attended reception in
o certain town, and good old lady, who
in her simple way was doing what she
could to make it pleasant for everybody,
ambled up to him, and after few for
NAL commonplace remarks suddenly
asked in a most complacent way: "Are
YOU the General who was in the army
during the WARP" Old Tecumseh was
astounded and looked at the woman for
q moment, and, seeing that she was
serene and innocent of any attempt at
impertinence, responded quietly: 'Read
history, Madam; read history"
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21

ACCORDING to an official publication
Cuba has at present 1,521, 6S1 inhabit-
ants. Of these 854, $40 are of the male
sex. OF the males 46, 698 are Cinnamon
and 1914 are of other foreign nationali-
ties. OF the females 3, 400 are foreigners,
including "a Chinese, and 242, 800 are
negroes and mulattoes. The island hay.
ing an area of 118, 1888 square kilometers,
the density of population is thirteen in
habitants to the square kilometer.
Puerto Rico has 731 ,61s inhabitants to
an area of 9,3l4 square kilometers.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21

REDUCED. AT London dinner party
the following was handed to the master
of the house: "A selection of piano
forte solos, songs, and vocal duets will
be performed this or first fine evening
under your window by two gentlemen
in painfully reduced circumstances, who
earnestly solicit your practical sympa-
thy, which, if any, please kindly send
out to us" In the street below was q
piano on cart, accompanied by two
men. who proceeded TO give an agreeable
performance.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21

AN exchange says a man begins to
occupy half seat when he gets mar
ried. This is true, and after the first
baby comes he begins to occupy half of
the outside bed rail. And sometimes,
when the baby is particularly restless,
he is glad to grab quilt and sleep on
the floor.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-08-21

WHO CAN TELL WHY ?-"Why is il
that man, whenever he passes a broom
lying In the front hallway, always stands
stock still and shouts till he is black in
the face for the chambermaid to come
ana PICK 1t up instead of picking it up
himself and placing it where it belongs /?
But, then, some men have good reason
TO be afraid of a broomstick, however
fallen its condition"