Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27

the MILL The steam engine is moved
by heat resulting from the combustion
of coal or wood, which are the products
of organization. Our coal fields are
but cachets, holding the fuel pemmican
stored by natural agencies, and de-
signed for the use of man when large
supplies of fuel would be needed. Coal
may be regarded as the sunlight of
past epoch, utilized at a period when
man had no wants, for he probably did
not exist. The grist mill on the stream
must come to a standstill when clouds
no longer form, and condensation of the
moisture raised from oceans, rivers and
lakes by solar heat, is suspended.
Every molecule of water which weighs
upon the mill.wheel has been acted
upon by sunshine, and, by ifs agency,
placed in position for useful work.
The stored sunshine in our barns, in
the form of hay and grain, is in its
utilization attended by losses cores
ponding with those connected with
change in other forms of organized ma
terial. In modern barns, properly
constructed, we are astonished to find
how comfortable the temperature is
when we enter them on the cold morn
ings of winter. 1t may be difficult for
many farmers to realize that this warmth
all comes from the contents of their
hay mows and grain bins-from actual
burning or combustion of these nutrient
materials. The long rows of COWS and
oxen in the stalls may be likened to an
arrangement of little stoves, in which
the products Of the summer fields are
burned each animal representing q
stove of greater or less capacity, ac'
cording to the size. This burning i;
not spoken of in an ideal or poeticaI
sense it is actual, positive, Every
load of hay which is taken to the barr
from the field in July Or August is t.
be burned up in winter; and the ex
act amount of heat which would be at
; forded by its active combustion in thu
; field is to be gradually eliminated from
his animals in cold weather, And fur
Their: the amount of heat liberated
must represent in energizing capabili
ties the solar energy consumed in tn
: growth of the grass or grain. In othe
l words, the number of increments O
$ heat made sensible in the organization
: of COW by the consumption of on
: hundred pounds of hay, exactly repre-
sents the number of increments O
d heat in the sunshine which produce
s that quantity of forage. The food en-
e ergies of a COW are not all expended i
It producing animal warmth. A consid
S cradle portion goes toward the milk
9 pail and all the sunshine of our field
: that we can utilize in a COW is the mil
: product and the adipose tissues result
It ing from the fattening process. TIL
r warmth which we experience in GU
# barns in winter is, to considerable e1
|, tent, wasted heat energy: it is the SUI
it plus heat generated by the animals
n and which is radiated into space throug
y the respiratory and excretory organs
e We diminish this radiation of hes
l. when we give bucket of cold waite
; to each animal, as is often done in til
j. morning; and the diminution of warmt
5, in barn where there are large nun
Is Der of animals is so great that the the
d mometer is sensibly affected. The sam
1t result is reached when water is throw
d upon bed of hot Goals. 1t requir,
'. the same expenditure of heat to raj;
II one hundred gallons of ice>cold watt
l. to the temperature of 80 degrees F.
v the organism of a herd of COWS, that
d required to raise the same to like ten
le perature by the fires in a farmer
!, kitchen. AS wood or coal are cheapt
is products than hay or grain, it follow
lie that it is matter of economy to war
ID the water supplied to mich COWS in II
d, winter season. but give voice to IL
at experiences of observing farmers whe
j. l assert that three gallons of water
10 the freezing temperature, given to
n. COW in winter twice a day, will CT
j. short the milk product more than 81
ID per cent in twenty-four hours. III