davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20
Sulphur For Stock.

An English correspondent puts about
two ounces of sulphurous acid into a
quart bottle of water, and gives ia
blespoonful of this dilution three times
per day to cattle suffering with foot
and mouth disease. In addition to
this, he burns a little sulphur three
times day in the stable in which the
animal is kept. He moistens the feet
also with the above solution with
sponge. One must be careful not to
use sulphuric acid for sulphurous acid,
as the former would be hurtful in this
case, instead of curative. Burning sui.
phur in the stables of healthy cattle
once week, he thinks, would ward off
disease.
/ have long been in the habit of Civ
ing a heaping teaspoonful of sulphur
for this purpose to my horses and cows
once week, in mess of meal; also to
large swine; to full grown sheep about
half this quantity /; to lambs and pigs
less, grading it according to size and
age For poultry once week / mix
sulphur with their pudding, at the rate
Of heaping teaspoonful of the former
to gallon of the latter This keeps
them free of lice, unless they are much
exposed to the parasites on their roosts
or otherwise. Sulphur in moderate
doses, and not given too often, is
healthfui, and guard against various
diseases and vermin.
A simple method of burning it is on
a slip of cardboard, or extra stout pa
per, foot long aud two or three inch
es wide. Scatter sulphur on one end
of this, light the paper and then move
it about the cattle in the stable. BE
very careful to set nothing on fire when
doing this. In order to guard from
fire, if litter is in the stable, it should
be removed previous to lighting the
sulphured paper, A safer way, how
ever, would be to pnt some paper in a
hollow dish or pan with handle to it
to take hold OF and move about.-N y
Tribune.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

WEIGHT OF Milk, Ere, New milk
weighs eight pounds eight ounces per
gallon, skinned milk eight pounds nine
ounces, cream eight pounds four ounces,
butter milk eight pounds eight aud
one. half ounces, aud water eight pounds
and five ounces. Those who believe
in testing my one lactometer, or any
specific gravity test, will observe that
three gallons Of skinned milk and one
gallon of water will have the same
specific gravity as gallon of milk.
Millions of frauds have been perpetra-
ted by not knowing these facts and
figures.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

Young DocToR.-"Yes, l have a
patient at last, and / am in terrible
fix"
Sympathising Friend-"Can't you
understand his disease ."
"Oh, there is no trouble about that"
"Then where does the fix come iI y
"You see, he is a notorious swindler,
never pays bill if he can help it,
and besides he has no property"
swell 7"
swell, if | kill him, cant get any
thing"
"Then don't do it."
"But if / cure him, he will get
away
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20
Y AND DEMOCRAT, BI IOO OMsBURG7 COLUMBIA COUNTY pa
vital Oucstiousiiit

Ak The most eminent physicidn
of any school, what is the best thing In
the world for quietng and ollaying all irri.
tation OF the nerves, and curing all forms
of nervous complaints, giving natural,
childliko refreshing sleep alwaysf
And they will tell you unhesiiatingly
Some form of Hops ~"
CHATTER I.
Ask any or all of the most eminent ply
sicans .... ... ...
what Is the best and only remedy that
can be relied on TO cure all diseases Of the
kidneys and urinary organs; such rs
Brights disease, diabetes retention, or in
ability to retain urine, and all the diseases
and ailments peculiar to Womcn"--
"And they will tell you explicitly and
emphatically "Buchu mr.
Hence, when these remedies are combined with
And compounded into Hop Btters, such won.
derful and mysterious curative power Il developed
which Is so varied in It's operations that no dis.
ease OF ~ neath can possibly exist or resist It's
Harmless FOR the most fran woman. weakest In.
valid or smallest child use.
Ask the same physicians
"What is the most reliable and surest
curelfor all liver diseases or dyspepsia; con
stipation, indigestion, bliousness, malaria
fever ague, &c, y and they will tell you
Miadrake or d mdeiion ili~
CHAPTER. II
.. ''Patients
almost dead or nearly DYING
Foryears, and given up by physicians, OF
Brights and other kidney diseases, liver
complaints, severe coughs, called consump-
tion, have been cured. ...|
Women gone nearly crazy l!li
From agony of neuralgia, nervousness,
wakefulness, and various diseases peculiar
to women.
People drawn out OF shape from exeruciating
pang5 OF rheumatism, inilammatory and chronic,
or suffering from scrofula,
Erysipelas
"Saltrheum, blood poisoning, dyspepsia, indiges-
tion, and In fact, almost oil diseases frail" .
Nature Is heir to ..
Have been cured by Hop Bltters, proof OF which
can be found In every neighborhood In the known
world
:s-None genuine without bunch OF green Hops
on the white label Shun all the vile, poisonous
stun with "Hop" or "llops" In their name.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

II saw an unusual sight this morn
ing he said. 81 was riding in crowd
cd street car, when a feeble old lady
got in, and Immediately person arose
aud politely offered here the seat
SIS it possible y answered the re-
porter, taking out his note book. Please
give me the name of the gentleman
"Oh, it wasn't gentleman, it was a
lady"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

Some people have much quicker
perceptions than others, but most any
ordinary person can tell what evenings
girl expects her beau by the way she
fixes her hair
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

BY amt. of int warrants redeem ...
by amt. OF State tax on bonds AZ So
g . orders redeemed as
No as7 Feb /, ZIP E Buck nails
No col Sept e2'sO VIM Hines labor 5 20
:" IS Dec II 'Sl Harry stroud I" "a
1O5 Mar 10 so Chas Strausser -. .I
labor so
No lis Aug IA 'ss Jas Cannon la
Dor l-f r ..t 715
No la7 Aug IS sa Harry Stroud
labor $50
No 1888 Aug IS 50 VIM Hines la
No IA Aug IS 50 JAS Cannon Ia
Dor so
No l5l Aug IS 'sa Pat'k Durrah
No 1893 Aug IS 80 Mich Brennan
No 1888 Jan "a s3 VIM Hines labor SO
No 2la Mar 10 80 James Callahan
No PA Mar 10 ss James Callahan
No 2I7 Mar 30 ls3 David Walsh
excess cost on Judgment IS G6
No 2@, May ~ 'S3 VIM. Grant la
No ESQ, May 10 'Sa Rich. Grant
No ES8, May 10 Ss Hungarians "
No y3o, May 10 'sa Jno. Mean %
drew, labor, 33
No aS 40, Nay May 10 'ss Pat'ck Ian o.
No $50, June il 'sa VIM. Grant,
No e52, June II 'ss Mich. Barrett,
No S5s, June "A 'ss Mich. Barrett, ~ "
No "a, June IA 'sa Mich. Barrett "
labor, 10 90
No 1856 June, IA Ss, Dul. Callahan,
| labor ... "a 67
No e6s June IA s3 Patk Langon 81 Ss
No si1 June ID Ss Jas. Grant la
No 2la June Il 80 Mich Harmon
NoTiSS June IA SO John Navin =.
No 276 June IA 'ss Jno. Clarke la
No gsO June II ss Ieddicoat la
No g99 July IA SO Jas. Callahan
| labor 26 67
Z" 300 July IA 's3 Mich. Barrett
| labor IA 81
/" 33s Aug 's3 wm. Grantlabor 10 81
" 3i5 Aug 9's3 VIM. bailey la
&" $i6Aug 0 sa Pat'k curran la
I" 81 Aug 0 SO A Riley Co.
plank and work 100 90
S57 sept 20 'S3 Pat'k. Lynch .... ..
| labor 67
1851 isept 20 'ss Thos. Fern Jr
labor lI93
4" sS5 Dec IA 'S3 Thos Gerraty
labor 80 90
4" 2Feb 1s 81 Barron Hart
man order book 600
4" lSs Aug Is 81 Jno Hanley,
hauling 500
loo Aug ls 'ss JAS Cannon la
DOf 25
l75Nov II ss b Mlllard sun -
dries eco
l74Nov II 'ss Jno Hanley la
1,e Nov IL 80 WIN. Bryson
| salary so 90
ls7 Jan "a 80 CIV Michacls
i95Jan q sa Henry constan-
tlal labor 100
+" 1OJJan "a S3 Geo Wills labor 5 90
alslhlar l0SiW Hartman .
stationery 100
giS'Mar 30 'ss Geo Davis la
4" 23l'Apr le 's3 VIM KrIckbaum
| assignments TO treasurer rs
229 Apr l2 'S3 JAS. Callahan
rem, nuisance SEQ
22iMay 10 'e3 JAS. Callahan la
| OOf 33
gs6'May 10 sa JOS. Hughes la
2ssMay 10 s3 Jno. Han ey la
gs!May1O SO Thos. Kelley la.
DOr 81
23iM May 10 's3 Mich. Barrett
labor 33
286 May 1898 Mich. Troyanla-
| Dor $50
+" 23s'May 10 SO Dyke labor E 30
80 May 10 s3 Thos. Gerraty
gilIMay 10 's3 Jno. Mcdonald
| labor l33 ..
aiaMay 10 80 Jno, Hines la
DOr 33
2iSMay 10 's3 Jno Daley la
Dor 6T
slIMay 10 's3 Mich. o'connor
| labor 81
ei5May 10 50 Jno. o'oonnor
| labor 67
e3sJune "a s3 Jas. Callahan
| labor 35 533
g55 June IA sa Mich Barrett
| labor 333
gd7 June ID S3 Mich. Troyan
| labor II 38
4" eS7June IA 'Sa Thos. Kelly la
Dor 267
(" 263 June "a 's9 Jno. Mcdonald
labor ~ 100
aGl June IA 'ss Jno, Hines la
| Dor b83
{" e65 June IA 'ss Jno Daley la.
bOr 26T
260 June IA 's3 Mich, o'Connor
| labor 633
s67 June "a 'ss Jno. o'Connor
labor ..t b33
I" $50 June "a 'sa Peter bradley .u
| labor 81 90
go June IA 's3 WIN Hines la
| bOr bS3
7lJune IA s3 Jno. Bryson la
bOf $40
4" a,s June IA s3 Mich. Bakey
labor ~ "a
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

II women we're allowed the right of
suffrage not one of them would sell
her vote for plate of ice cream. No,
emphatically no. They'd want at
least a quart
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

New York has twice as many mil
lionares as any city in the country.
In other cities men pay their debts and
do not get rich SO fast.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

A DNRR1ISERS by addressing GEO. P HOWELL
h& Co., 10 Spruce ST., New York, can learn the
exact cost OF any proposed line OF ADVERTISING
In American Newspapers, cs-lOO page Pamphlet,
100. Sune 1874
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

1t is no longer considered compli-
ment to speak of banker as "ay
business man"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

OEEInEpS of the late war who were refused
Ocf loCICopay for the time between date OF
and 0icial muster Will fnd II 10 their
Interest TO communicate promptly, and with par
thqudrS', with McNElLL BIRCH, Attorneys and
Solicitors, Drawer I57, Washington, d. Q. No fees
ces. June 1874 W d
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20
June 13 4w
Hay Fever,

a remedy founded on correct diagnosis OF the
disease and can be depended upon so cts at drug
gists go cts. by mail. Sample bottle by mail 10
cts ELY BROS, Owego, n. Y. ... ....- .. ....
recommend TO those suffering (as havel
with Hay Fever, Ely's Cream Balm. have tried
nearly all the remedies and give this decided
preference over them all II has given me imme-
diate relief. c. Il. STEPHENS, Hardware Merchant,
Ithaca, N. Y. June 2o-4w
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20
Caution TO Farmers & Dealers.

i&,Tg E 2(1sp For safety in procuring your
o. NRl0C HARPOON HORSE HAY FORKS,
~ se, select only those having thereon an
- ~ IN. imprint OF our TRADE MARX, and
%1b~SNl thereby save Infringement fees. -
W ~ Cata ogue giving reliable inI0rmQ.
tion furnished free by Mrgs and Props, 2 .H ,''
A. j. NELldS COMPANY, Pittsburg Pa. faI
Also, Mrgs Nells' Noun ed & Floating HarrOws,
Agr steels u'mtl Fencing, Road Graders, &c.
June 1874 r " .|'
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20
SAL LESMEN WANTED

TO sell Nursery Stock for the Hooker Nurseries
Established 1885. Liberal SALARY AND EN-
PENSES PAID Permanent employment. Send
for terms. II. r. UUOkEK COMPANY,
May 33-2 m Rochester, N. Y.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

hhhaweek at home. $500 outfit free ray aD-
XhhsQlutely sure. No risk. Capital not required
sons of either sex, young or Old can make
great pay all the time they work, with absolute
certainty, write for particulars TO H. HALLETT &
Co., Portland, Maine. .....lI r.-. -.'-
t.....' Dec 21-1y
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

The most popular resort on the Susquenanna
River Is the Wapwallopen Valley Hotel, Wapwal
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20

The people or the United States In their organlZ-
ed capacity constitute nation and not mere
confederacy OF states The National Government
Is supreme within the sphere OF It's national
duty, but the states have reserved rights which
should be fully maintained each should be guard
ed with jealous care so that the harmony OF our
system OF government may be preserved and the
Union kept lnvlOate. The perpetuity OF our insti-
tutlons rests upon the maintenance OF "A free bal
lot, an honest count and correct return We de
nounce the fraud and violence practised by the
Democratic party In Southern States. by which
the viii OF the voter Is defeated as dangerous 10
the preservation OF free institutions and we sol
emnly arraign the Democratic party as being the
guilty recipient OF the fruit OF such fraud and ylo
lence.
We extend to the Republicans OF the South, re-
gardless OF their former party ailiations our cor
dial sympathy, and pledge TO them our most ear
nest efforts TO promote this passage OF such legis-
ation Will secure to every citizen, OF whateye
race ana color, the full and complete recognition,
possession and exercise of all civil and polltlca
rights
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1884-06-20


FINANCIAL STATEMENT ..
DIR ... .
To amount OF orders outstanding
last Tept 1899 20
" amount OF orders issued dur
ing year 2463 90
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27

"That's just the kind of present !
have for you," and Mrs. Pepperman
took from beneath her apron a plethor.
ic bag and emptied upon the table q
pile of jingling coins-"there's your
birthday present"
The husband looked at the coins in
amazement, and then said:
"Why, my dear, this money is not
good. There's nothing but lead quar-
tiers and dimes with holesin 'em. Here's
a quarter with hole in it, and the
hole is bigger than the quarter. What
COMPOUNDED rascal palmed the money
off on you? Oh the scoundrels there
are in the world !"
"Calm yourself, my dear" said Mrs.
Pepperman. "That money must all
be good. That's what you have given
me for pin.money since we've been
married p
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27

is to take an ordinary strap and fasten
around the body just behind the shout
ders then take two straps and buckle
them moderately tight around each
fore-leg just above the knees, and car
ry the ends up and fasten them to the
strap around the body and under the
animals belly. These short straps
should only be long enough to allow
the animal room TO step out in a walk,
but sufficiently short as to keep his
front legs down if he were to attempt
to raise them to jump. This is simple
cheap and efectual; it gives the ans
NAL no inconvenience in any way, ex-
cept to prevent him from running or
jumping.
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27
WOMAN.
HER HEALTH AND LIFE

Depend more on the regularity of her
menstrual functions than to all other causes
combined. An actual or living death is
the inevitable result of arrangement of a
function which makes woman what she is
in every respect, and especially in her men
tai and bodily constitution. Hence, imme.
date relief from such arrangements is the
only safeguard against wreck and ruin, In
all cases of Stoppage, delay, or other irregu,
larities of the Courses" DIR. j. Bradfeld's
Female Regulator is the only sure remedy.
1t acts by giving tone to the nervous centres,
improving the blood, and determining di.
rectly to the organs of menstruation. 1t is a
scientific prescription, and the most INTEL.
gent physicians use it Prepared by Dr. j,
Bradfeld, Atlanta, Ga, Price: trial size,
75c.; large size, $780, For sale by all
Druggists.
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27
The Living Spanish.

Boston Herald.
The Spanish is the only foreign Ian
language of any great practical inn
portance to the people OF the United
States. Of the continental countries
south of us, all of the republics, 10
in number, with total population of
about 30,000,000, are Spanish. The
remaining country, Brazil, withta pop
ulation of about 100000 souls, is
Portuguese. Between the various
American republics commercial, politi.
cal and social intercourse will hereafter
be nearly as intimate as between the
states of our own Union. Each race
must, from business necessity, be able
to speak the language of the other.
Hundreds of young men in st. Louis,
New Orleans and other trade centres,
are already studying Spanish for bust
ness purposes. The most important
foreign markets for our surplus manu-
features will hereafter be in Spanish
America hence the agents of our
commercial houses must know the Ian.
guage of the countries where they
would sell.
In some Of our western cities it has
been thought advisable to teach the
German language in the public schools,
because of the large number of Ger
mans in the surrounding communities.
But this is Unnecessary, for the reason
that all Germans who come here to
become American citizens are expected
to, and do learn our language. French
men, Italians, the Swiss, the Dutch,
and others who come here to live, cons
form to our customs and language.
But in the case of Spanish America it
is different. We must 60 there for
business purposes, hence must be able
to communicate in their language.
Hereafter American colleges will do
well to exchange the dead Latin and
Greek for the living Spanish. Life is
too short to devote six years in the
grammer school and college to dead
subjects or dead languages. The
young man who unfortunately wastes
years of valuable time in such grave
like occupation goes forth from his COL
lege course handicapped in the race of
life. Business men have no place for
him-no use for his impracticable
knowledge. He must first throw off
the load of rubbish which he is carry
ing, and, at an advanced age, com.
mence anew to compete with those
much younger in the practical affairs
of life. American schools and colleges
should at once substitute the living and
useful Spanish for the dead and worse
than useless Latin and Greek.
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27
His Birthday Present.

When Mr.. Pepperman threw off
his overcoat last evening his wife said /:
"My dear, this is your birthday,
Now, what kind of a present would
you prefer ?"
"Well, money"
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27

The people of Davenport, Iowa, have
been victimized to q large extent by a
maidstone swindler. DR.. Leo Harrison
made his appearance in Davenport with
fifteen madstones which he claimed
would cure all diseases of the blood.
The unusual number of maastones in
the doctors possession would have put
most people on their guard, but the
Davenporters saw nothing strange in
it. They doubtless believed that the
glib,tongued doctor had a maidstone
factory somewhere. For several weeks
the doctor weeded wide row. He
took a greenhorn into partnership and
by this stroke of business scooped ST.
800. He received fee of $3.50 from
female patient and borrowed her gold
watch and chain. He got into debt to
the tradesmen to the tune of $500 and
then be skipped, madstones and all.
As the heartless swindler may appear
in other sections of the country, this
paragraph will introduce him properly.
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27

Spirit of the Farm: The best ar
rangement we have ever seen to pre-
vent horses and mules from jumping
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27
DAILY AND WEEKLY.

A splendid SPACE family paper brim full Of
news. Latest dispatches by telegraph to
hour of going to press from all parts of the
world.
The farmer wants it for its weekly reviews
of the Nashville home market aud crop re-
ports, and price for his products.
The merchant wants it for its telegraphic
quotations of the eastern and foreign mar
kets.
The politician wants it for its full reports
of proceedings of Congress and Tennessee
Legislature, and political news and editorials.
The wife wants it for its household de-
partment, fashion articles society gossip
and miscellaneous reading.
The children want it for its short stories
and sketches and general information, fur
nishing liberal education.
Everybody wants it because there is no
better paper and no cheaper paper in the
South, and it can get to you quicker with
the latest news than any other paper, if your
postoffice is in Tennessee, Southern Ken
lucky, North Alabama or Georgia.
TERMS;
Daily American, l year..,.......".".$l2 90
Except Sunday. 10 90
Weekly l year................. l w
monthS............. 70
" 3 months .............. 40
An extra copy sent free with every club
of ten subscribers. Address,
THE AMERICAN,
Nashville, Tenn.
Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1884-09-27
GREAT COMBINATION.
TILE SOUTHERN STANDARD
DenOrests Illustrated
Monthly Magazine
BOTH PUBLICATIONS, ONE YEAR,
Fob
$3.50, (TW0 SIXTY.)

DBMORESTS MONTHLY is Justly entitled
the Worlds Model Magazine The Largest in
Form, the Largest in Circulation, and the bost
TWO Dollar Family Magazine issued. 1884 will
be the Twentieth year of it's publication it is
now improved so extensively as to place it In
the front rank of Family Periodicals and equal
to any magazine, 1t contains O. pages, large
quarto, 81 X llH inches, elegantly printed on
tinted paper, fully illustrated each number
having steel engravings oil picture, or art
subjects, published by W. Jennings Demorest,
New York, and by special agreement combined
with the SOUTHERN STANDARD at S2.6Oper year.
. 7lS
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-11-20
MERCHANDISE REPORT.

The following freight passed Ogden No
vember 10th
For Observation-Disclosures & Co., % crates
canned meat: Burns, Church & Hancock,
, casks lamp-shades; Lindley 81 Co., case
cigars j ohm T. Stoll l case rivets, 1 case
saddlery hardware; E. 7. Avery, case
books A. Meister, 5 bundles wagon
springs, l bundle buggy reaches; Vein
stock & Lubin, cases sheet music; Addie
r. Dickman, boxes household goods !;
Hale Bros. & Co., 1 case dry goods; A.
Longshore, box tin plates.
For Lode. w. Price (care c. A. Rich
| box medicine.
For Stockholm. 3. Henderson, case
saddlery; W. P. Miller, 3 cases saddlery ;
II. T. Dorrance, 3 bales blankets, case sad
dlery, l bundle forks ]. r. Burns &. Co.,
. barrels glassware; I. H. Selby, 80 bun
dies iron.
For Red Bluff-Sierra Lumber Company,
l box hardware; H. Hollett (care S. d.
Scofeld), . boxes wood, boxes castings,
box furniture.
For Chco-H Hollett, boxes wood, 1
box furniture.
For Marysville-C. II. Libby, 1 case
books.
The following passed New Orleans on the
18th:
For Sacramento-Hall,L uhrS d Co, 30
cases clans, l case cigarettes; Hale Bros. &
Co, cases boots and shoes; Huntington,
Hopkins & Co., - cases and barrel hard
ware, = boxes lime-squeezers, 3 cases covers,
u crates roilingpins cases hooks I cases
corn-poppers, bundle mops; C. s. Hough-
ton, 2 cases books bundle and l case
books g. Simmons, 102 cases sauce,
package cards w. f. Peterson, s cases con-
fectionery; f. w. Melvin, . cases castings :;
John T. Stoll, = boxes hardware, ? barrels
pitch