davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
Dresses for SCHOOLGIRLS.

| One OF the moss gratifying signs of
| progress Is the general awakening in re-
| gard to school-dress. 1t has hereto
fore been considered enough to dis
courage lavish display OF iewelry,
out girl could be thinly clad in cold
weather; she could change from thick
wool to thin silk; she could encase her
arms IN skin-tight sleeves and pull her
dresses together within a quarter of an
inch of her life-aud no one thought of
protesting against her folly. But GYM
nasticS in school have ACCOMPLISHED
something; they have established the
fact that with ordinary dress the oirl
cannot Use or raise her arms. and il
has at last dawned upon teachers and
intelligent mothers that she OUGHT to
use them elsewhere than in the rvmna-
SUM. The principal of one of the
most fashionable schools in New York
VIII not permit her pupils to wear a
dress OF any material save wool or cot
ton-the former in winter, the latter in
mid weather, if they choose. A girl
wearing velvet suit one day was sent
home with message that her dress
must be changed to one adapted to
school wear. The mother of the Girl
returned with reply that it was last
years suit which must be utilized or it
would be out-grGwn. The teacher was
lhhexlole> She said the school-room
was no place for cast-oif finery; that
'he r.oral effect was bad and the final
rcsult was worse than the present loss.
The lesson was salutary one.
A school in Massachusetts recon-
mends to its 200 girl students sensi-
bic school-dress, of which the following
are some of the features: First, it is to
consist of single layers of clothing, so
that the warmth will be equally dis
tributed over the body. Secondly. it
should be sufficiently loose not to i'm
pose restrictions upon the free and ac-
tive use of the muscles. Third, the
materials should be soft, unexciting in
color, and undistinguishable in pattern.
Fourth, the design should suggest rath-
er than outline the figure, unless the
material is elastic, and should be di-
vided into few parts in order to be free
from distractions. Fifth, it should
avoid whatever is unnecessary OF that
takes time and strength that could be
better put into work or play.
The combination undergarment of
knitted wool or cotton, or both, the
skirt of plated wool attached to a lin
ing waist cut with spring over the
hip, and a polonaise or woven Jersey
supplies all the requirements for such
a dress. If the polonaise is employed
the lining waist may be extended SO as
to require only a deep-plaited flounce
OF the wool to bring it to the length of
the walking-skirt, thus rendering it
lighter and cheaper.
The polonaise should be pleated at
the back part of the fullness being
taken out of the waist and cut with a
whole sack front which could be belted
in. The sleeves should be cut very
high and somewhat full at the top, so
as to surround the arm at the socket
and allow free movement
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
s------
AUNT RACHEI;S 10Y.

Rev. W. B. Evans, Washington, d.
c., writes: "Aunt Rachel, the dear old
colored saint, who has been constant
sufferer with Infammatory rheumatism
for 16 years, has been greatly benefited
by ATHLoPHoRos. l consider it almost
i'll the light of miricle. She is almost
beside herself with JOY. The pain has
all left her limbs. A little stiffness re-
mains, but another bottle will effect a
permanent cure. 1t is indeed most
wonderful medicine. think it ought to
be spread throughout the length and
breath of the land"
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
A STARTLING DISCOVERY.

Mr.. VIM. Johnson, of Huron, Oak,
writes that his wife had been troubled
with acute Bronchitis for many years,
and that all remedies tried gave no per-
manent relief, until he procured bottle
of DR.. Kings New, Discovery for Con
sumption, Coughs, and Colds, which had
magical effect, and produced a per
manent cure. 1t is guaranteed to cure
all Diseases of Throat, Lungs. or
Bronchial Tubes. Trial bottles free at
Robinson & Hinrich's Drug Store.
Large size $l.00. 5
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
WM M SEEGER

DENTIST. OFFICE UPSTAIRS IN ANDER-
D sous Block, Corner South Eighth and Quay
Streets, Manitowoc, Wis. Prompt attention viii
be given to all work entrusted 20 me. apr27-ol
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
English Cookery.

In England very little benefit is ex-
tracted from the present long list of
vegetable substances Bread and po-
tatoes, cabbage, and in the agricultural
districts, beans, with little bacon and
cheese, and milk for the children, al
most exhaust the list of food attainable
by the working village population.
What is called butchers meat rarely
makes its appearance in tne cottage of
an agricultural laborer, but it is quite
certain that if the humble and whole
some materials at his disposition were
more skillfully treated. he would be
greatly the better. In manufacturing
towns, great quantities of food are de-
stroyed, rather than consumed, owing
to the ignol ance of the women of the
most elementary principles of cooking
A hastily male fire and frying pan,
''lump" OF butter of indefinite size,
some bacon and a few eggs of doubtful
freshness. compose the culinary prepa-
rations of family earning between f2
and f3 per week.-Londos NeUs,
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN, SURG EON
III aud Accoucheur, late resident Physician at
ne Hahucmann pital, Chicago, has peiman-
emily located at &anitowoc. Office, on Buffalo
streets, west of Rands store.
-. ,,a., 5 to- A. NJ,
'ffioE hooi'S' / to , and to 6 p. NJ.
Diseases OF the eve and ear treated.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

DIR. George Fordyce, the anatomist
and chemical lecturer, for twenty
years lived on one meal a day. He
had excellent health.
Every member of the Utah legisla-
ture is Mormon.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
BARBER SHOP.

IARL PANGBURN'S Barbershop, in Barnes
Oblsck on y ofth Eighth street. Work done in
good taste Particular attention paid to Ladies
and Chi dren's hair cutting and shampooing. by
ali means call and Carl.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

New York has catering company
which sends meals around in wagon
SO constructed that the whole is heated
by steam. and the cooking goes on as
the vehicle is moving from place to
place. Each wagon holds twelve meals
but on account of the number of courses
served, meals for one will answer for
two, meals for three will suffice for five
and meals for six will do for ten. The
prices are not particularly inviting,
however. Two meals day are fur
nished, and the rates are $12 week
for one person, $1S for two, $50 for
three, and SO on up to six persons, for
which number the charge is S3S.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

DR.. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, now
rs, goes over to Cambridge once a month
and charms the medical students with
his chat about old college men and days.
He is still sprightly and wears well his
advancing years.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
FRED, SEEGER,

nFFERSTO HIS FRIENDS AND THE PUB
~ lie generally, choice selection of Fresh
Meats, Salt Pork and Beef Smoked Beef and
Hams, Shoulders, Sausages, Talow and Lard at
the lowest rates. Market on Commercial Street.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
WILLIAMS HOUSE.

d. SMITH, PROPRIETOR, CORNER OF
n. Eighth and Franklin streets, Manitowoc.
4 irst-class American Hotel, centrally located,
offers every induCement to the travelling public.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
NJ. KETTENHOFFEN.

NORTHWESTERN HOUSE, FRANKLIN AND
~ Ninth streets, Manitowoc. Travellers will
ere find the best Accommodations, Sample rooms
attached
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
= SANDERSON

SEANUFACTURERAN AND DEALERIN BOOTS
wi Shoes Leather, &C, &C. Shop ON Buffalo
Street. near the corner of Eighth Repairing
neatly and promptly executed.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
CHARLES H0YER.

xTgRCHANT TAILORING ESTABLISH
Nj ment, on Sth streetnear south end of Bridge.
The tailoring department is complete, and con-
taius large assortment of fashionable cloths and
Gert's furnishing goods constantly on hand
Please call and examine before purchasing else.
where.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
r. X. PAINE. II. D.,

PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. OFFICE AT
4 Residence of DR.. (. simon, Hancock street,
near the court house, ManitoWoc, Wis. del5
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

PHYSICIAN, SURG Il ACCoUCHEUR.
Has again permanently located in Mani
towoc Office on North Eighth street, near the
bridge, opposite TOrrlsons = ne" store. l5sepo5
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
G. C. BARNES, NJ. d.
F. S. LUHMANN, NJ. D.,

PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. OFFICE WITH
DR.J. +. PRnCHARD. Hours: TO 10 A. M,
- n / and & II 7 T. M imar s
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

Colorado Mormons reject the teach
ings of Brigham Young.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27

Business notices 10 cents per line wher CO n
unuea more than one week half of the shove
rates1or each subsequent week.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
DIR ERANZ SIMON.

DREWER AND MASTER, CORNER SIXTH
ID aud Washington streets, South side. Ihe
highest cash price paid for Barley.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
Holm p WICKERT.

NOTARY PUBLIC. LAND & 10 An AI1E AGE y III Il
y ltudolph's Block, Corner >outh -lgHII M aiu
Franklfn streets. Manitowoc, Wis. Juhel
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
VIM. RAHR'S SONS,

A TTORNEY AND COUNS ELOR AT LAW,
"A Office, in Toruson's Brick BLOCK, Elghth
street Manitoy o.. " 4ssonEtn,
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
G.. A. FORREST,

TTORNEY AND COUNs ELLoR Al Law. .4ar.
a one in Carus' Block, hrst moor. IA ;ls ao1r
esdiue, 10 Comfy Judges Office, Sonth ElghIh
S1raaI Jauit,.w0c Wis Collections promptly
olres5' JULIO
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
g. q SEDGWICK

TroRNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW;
a Oaice in Torrison's brick block, north ehh
sth street bridge, hanirowoc' Wisconsin. tolIec-
tions promptly attended to.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
NASH & NASH

TToRNEYs ANDCoUSSELoRS AT LAW
\. o Hce over First National 6anS EiEhth OF
Collections promptly attended TO-
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1884-03-27
c. 8. EsTABEooE. ". A. "AlkEh.
t1TARROOK & WALKER,
n d q " : Turner
j. ID. MARKH NJ,

A TrORNEYS AT LAW, OFFICE ON 9Th
a Street, south side, over Kehlers store, Man
toWoc Wisconsin.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
DEADLY .AssAULT.
Three citizens Injured with Knives
and Black Jacks by Two Negroes.


While passing tue four storied build
ing on the southwest corner OF Water
aud Market streets, about IL. as o'clock
on Saturday evening, Eiwsrd Rodgers, a
white man, who lives at the Packet
House, ou the adjoining corner, was as
saulted by two negroes, one of whom
knocked him down by striking him over
the eye with blackjack.
James W. King, proprietor ofthe Packet
House, who was in the act OF closing his
saloon, saw the man fall and, followed by
Rodgers brother James, started across
the street for the purpose of ofexpostulating
with the ruffians aud rendering assistance
to the fallen man. When within few
feet OF the VILLAINS one OF them
jumped towards him and with
rszIr or knife struck him on the
left arm between the elbow and shoulder,
il flictipg a deep cut about three inches in
le..ftb, while the other sssailant severely
beat him with black Jack. James
Rodgers, who WAS at Mr.. Ri. g's heels, WAS
stabbed in the back close to the left lung.
The n nrderous villsins He'd rs soon as
their victims fell. They aye not known
to the injured men or the police author
tiles, but ars supposed to be members OF
Aut RdIs WAljA lAle5to tne DulLuluS NO.
13 Market street.
Drs. bravo ana Hughes, assisted by
Robert T, Moody, restsursteur at No. Is
Market street, dressed the wounds of the
assaulted parties. King tainted twice
from loss Of blood while operations were
Loing performed upon him. Sunday
h. CONF la Led Of severe pain, but Mon
day moruing his condition was much
improved. Edward Rodger', the first
man who WAS assaulted, had recovered
sufficiently to 60 to work Monday morning.
His brothers. condition is also much i'm g,
proved and unless erysipelas or blood
poisoning sets in, his wound will not
prove fatal. If the knife had not been
armed downward by a rib the injury
would have proven fatal almost imme-
diStely,
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
COiIins' Beach.

Collins Beach has gone by the board.
The Clyde Steamboat Company had a
lease on the pier at the beach for 10
years, given by franklin Collins. Right
years OF the lease have expired. year
ago last fall the September storms made
breach in the bank OF 100 feet at q
depth Of Is feet. The tenant, William
j. Campbell built bridge at a cost of
{ 90. twas washed away last September
and the storms carried about one.third
Of the pier away the previous
winter leaving the beach in
desolste condition. Mr.. Reybold
who has the controlling interest in the
steamer Clyde, says that he does not
intend to repair the pier this year, with
out the owner fits up Collins Beach, and
from the present appearance, it ia very
doubtful II il would be fitted up or
repaired. Hence he says he will forfeit
his lease. The farmers say this would
plsce them in a critical condition in
rsgsrd to shipping their fruit, and they
contemplate building pier on the line
with the pubic road, which extends to
tie old pier that WAS washed away
several years since. The proposed pier
will be built on franklin Collins land by
the sids Of the old one, at cost Of from
q, 600 to 1880.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
THE LATE JUbGE BRADFORD.
The United States Court Formally
Notified of His Death, Adi0urns.

The United States district and circuit
courts were convened at 10 o'clock Thursday
district court was adjourned until Friday
morning, with Judge Wales on the bench.
United States District Attorney Patterson,
appointed at a meeting of the bar to notify
The United States courts of the death OF the
late Judge Bradford made the formal
announcement to Judge Wales this morning.
He did il in well chosen words, referring 10
the hfe and works Of the dead jurist, the
speakers companion in childhood and friend
in after years.
Mr.. Patterson spoke with much feeling OF
the failing health which had been noted for
some time and the death of the jurist. He
read the resolutions passed by the bar,
and, rs tribute to the memory of
the deceased moved a minute be made Of
the proceedings, and the resolutions entered
upon the district court records. The motion
was seconded by Judga Cummins and by
Judge Wales.
The latter spoke feelingly and eloquently
| OF his predecessor and subscribed heartily to
Mr.. Patterson's motion, AS mark of re-
| spect to the memory Of Judge Bradford, the
morning and the circuit court until Tuesday.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
A BLACK FRAUD.

Pretended African missionary
for Years Obtaining Money Under
the Pretensc Of UsiDg tt In senr-
gamDia, Now in Jail.
New LONDON, CONN, Apyil 10.-The
Rev w. I. Smith, eolored, now in
jail here awaiting tr al in the superior
court for swindl'ng under the pretenoe Of
being en- African missionary. has
made confession, in which
he said he was never authorized
as a missionary, but made good living
by his false representations. He has
been in the swindling business for ten
years, and used all the money raised for
himself. He says he never gave cent
for missionary work aud that he
never had an aooomplice. Smith
secured letter of recommend alton from
John b. Cough. He would work HIS
passage to America, ard after sgindling
church people by getting money to found
missionary home for old people in Sem
egambia would return TO Africa. He Us
he expected to establish home for
himself. He was just starting ont ON a
swindling tour when arrested He says
he will now turn over o now leaf and
when released will labor for tho conver.
sion of his RAGS. Smith is SO years Of
age. He will plead guilty aud then
throw himself upon the mercy of the
ouEt.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17

members Of that delegation had no in.
st-uotions to vote for Blaine or anyone
else. They were simply governed by a
resolution which its chairman, Nathaniel
y. Smithers, Esq has in his possession,
and which was shown your correspondent.
The resolution leaves the matter of voting
entirely In the hands of and at the dis
erection Of the delegation. 1t directs the
delegates to follow the dele
CATION Of states which are
hopeful Of securing Republican
electoral votes; to support whom, in their
minds, is the most available candidate
10 the document is appended the
signature OF the chairman, |. N. Mills.
IT is the original resolution as passed by
the convention and serves to set at rest
this much misstated matter. Mr.. Smitbers,
In his characteristic way, expressed
himself as being opposed to instructions,
holding that they would not serve
to keep delegate who needed them
to his duty and for those who
did not need them they were useless.
He believes in sending only such men
to Chicago as the public can trust.
When there they can best determine how
to act and represent the sentiments of
their people. Mr.. Smithers, with q merry
twinkle in his eye, said 1--WE, In the
simplicity and purity OF our lives, know
nothing OF politics down here, and
haven't an idea what the convention will
do. Nothing will be done until nearer
its oonvening. Then al inspiration or
an inward light will come, point out the
line Of action, and we will all follow it.
Wa hava unbn1u IN rupiah
Returning to the national convention
OF 1880 Mr.. Smithers remarked, "that
with the then existing circumstances the
same, all the contingencies of that time
unchanged, and had the tenure of life
been extended, Delaware's deles alton
would still be in Chicago and still voting
for Blaine. Delsware's representatives
voted once oftener than Maine for Blaine,
but did not vote for him after his
own state had gone to Garfield
The small delegation from this
State could not afford to 60 to another
candidate and thus show a weakness in
the Blaine column. When Indiana, which
had tlirted with the candidates, went to
Garfield, and turned the column aud was
followed by all the Blaine states in sue.
cession, then was Grant defeated. Oae
Of the great principles of the convention
lay in this. Delaware voted before the
Hoosier delegates, hence did not have an
opportunity to vote again after Maine had
cast its ballots"
There is but little talk of delegates to
the coming national convention, and 1t is
not known who will be sent. George v.
Massey, Bsq has been spoken of and
will probably be chosen the representa-.
tive from Dover if he can be induced to
accept it. There is also talk OF eleoiir
Mr.. Smither4 alternate. None are
apoken of in Sussex coua,y and no one
from the country distrio's of Kent,
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
Forepnugh,s White EIephant.

Aftiiavits were made in Philadelphia
Thursiay by George Gillespie and Robert
Hughes to the effect that the elephant
shipped from Liverpool TO America, Ia
the steamship Cry OF Chester, on Ma Oh
Sth, was purchased by the agent aud re-
pTtse tat,ve OF A ian Fotet su b, a, d that
Mr. FOrepaugh nov owns the same
elephant, and that before 1t was shipped
it was covered with preparation OF
Paris white, "size" aud flssh oolore6
mink oompOsition.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17

Judge Whiteley presided at orphans
court Friday. A number of sppli-
cations of guardians to expend the priu-
oipal of minors were granted by the court.
John Rodney, Esq, obtained an order to
sell the real estate of the late Letitis
Drake, Of whose estate John Pyle is ad.
ministrAtor. Considerable minor bust.
ness was also transacted.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
p,inal Ralance


Forces; * Pierce have Increased the
annual output from their brick yard in
the Ninth ward to 100000 bricks
They have replaced their old brick
machine with an improved Chambers
machine, which will make about $25, 900
bricks daily, and to meet the increased
Iower demanded they have purchased a
40. 0.horse-power engine aud have erected
q stack so feet high.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
The WORLDLY stae of Easter.

The weather Sunday was good, both
from religious and c8rnal standpoints.
Many ladies aud gentlemen brought out
for the first time their new spring clothing
and the designs and patterns were both
numerous and pretty. A large number ol
promenaders were on Delaware avenue
during the afternoon, and Market street
was crowded at many times during the
day.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17

The residence ut Mrs. Fannie Il. Robin
son, on the Newport pike just ontside the
city, was entered by thieves Friday night.
Access was had through aparlor window.
Silver tea and table spoons and forks aud
small sum of money were taken. In
leaving the house, about 2 O'Clock, the
thief or thieves made noise enough to
awaken the inmates, when a search re-
vealed the operations OF the marauders.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17

profuse psrspiration, and had evidently
been Running hard for some time. His
teeth chattered, and ne shivered all over
as If from sgue. He claimed that he had
only run mile in the direction OF Will
liamsbur9 in his anxiety to surrender
himself as soon as possible.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17

Amos B. Cam, son OF James Cam of PEN
cader hundred, and for many years farmer
in that neighborhood, died on Thursday at
his residence, No. 209 West Eighth street,
this city. He was AZ years of age and leaves
a wife and seven children.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17

BALTIMORE, April 11.-A special from
Federala burg, Caroline county, Mary
land, dated to-day, says: The body Of
Mrs. Celia Bush, an aged white woman,
was found in thioket near her residence
yesterday afternoon. Her skull was
horribly crushed and her throat cut from
ear to ear. So far the murderer has not
been spprehended.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
unexpended Appropriations.

Given below are the appropriations made
by CITY Council to its different committees
and the unexpended balances on hand at this
tnta
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1884-04-17
-
DELAWARB RIVER AND BAY.
A Delegation Goes to Washington In
the Interest Of Needed Improve
menIs.


The joint committee, representing the
various commercial and maritime orgsni-
zstions, the city couucils committee on
Commerce aud navigation, the several
railroad and steamship lines, and other
corporations and other bo lies conducting
the traffic of Philadelphia, left the Broad
street station yesterday week for Wash
ipgton, to sppesr before the COM
mlttee of the House of Representa- tives
on river and harbor improvements.
The bjeot proposed in the journey of
this representative delegation is to pre-
sent suitable memorial to Congress
relative to the many needed improve
ments of the navis alton of the Delaware
an5 Sehuylkill rivers and Delaware bay,
and 10 urge the passage OF the vsrious
items of appropriation recommended for
that purpose by the United States ensi-
neers and lighthouse officials. These
ilemsSsre as follows: