davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Experience with Apple Orchards.


Trees should not be cultivated after they reach
a bearing age What is meant by this is that
the land should not be plowed and crops taken
from it. These crops rob the land. Flowing, in
spite of the best care, breaks off the roots and
prevents them from feeding near the surface,
where the soil is best, and where they can have
the benefit of all Of the rains to help make up the
vast amount of moisture q tree always re
quires When the ground is not plowed,
the surface will be filed with the little
reotless. The breaking of roots is the cause of
dead limbs and the early decay of the trunks.
Orchards not titled will last years longer than
those mangled and bruised as they generally are.
There must be great care and patience in work
ing among trees. This work must be done, as a
rule, by the owner, and oftentines he is not
fitted to do it The best seeding is orchard grass:
Natural grasses will come in and make good
sod. Orchards should not be moved, but always
pastuFed,
Hogs are the best kind of stock for this pur-
pose; sheep are also excellent. Both will help
to enrich the ground, and to improve the fruit,
as they will eat the imperfect and wormy speci-
MEMS and SO reduce the number of moths to
prey upon the fruit. Additional fertility is
given to the land by spreading barnyard manure
broadcast over the ground An orchard should
receive such a dressing at least once in three
years. For few years after seeding, the
ground may be dug over by spade for q dis
tance of two or three feet around the tree. An
annual turning over in this way is sufficient
Wood ashes are the best fertilizer for apple
trees, and slight sprinkling on the ground will
have marked effect, especially when the trees
are young Washing the trunks with strong
soap -suds at this time is also am excellent plan.
1t is not healthy for trees to place clear manure
directly in contact with their roots, or to put
too much manure around trees. They do not
want big doses but constant supply This
they get quite, effectually from the drDppings of
the hogs and sheep (which are distributed all
over the ground and the surface manurng
from the barnyard One of the most product
i've archards i'll Saratoga county was set in
sod and has never been plowed, Ii has been
constantly pastured Wet spots must be
drained, as apple trees will not flourish where
there is standing water or where the ground is
very wet, The soil should be deep. Loamy
lands are the best
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Milwaukee Sentinel.


The first prize. offered by the Wisconsin Dairy
mems Association for the best ESSAY on butter
making. not to exceed $50 words, was awarded to
d. w. Curtis, Fort Atkinson. Following is the
essay in question, which comnends itself to
readers generally as an admirable example Of
making every word tell. In a word, it contains
the cream of the whole milk pan, without one
drop of SKINNED milk:
Cows.-Select cows richin butter making quail
tiles.
Feed.-Pastures should be dry, free, from
slough holes, we'll seeded with different kinds Of
tame grasses so that good feed is assured If
timothy or clover; cut early and cure properly.
Feed cornstalks, pumpkins, ensilage and plenty
of vegetables in winter.
Grain Corn and OATS and bran; oil meal in
small quantities.
Water-Let cows drink only such water as
you would yourself.
Care of Cows.-Gentleness and cleanliness
Milking Brush the udder to free it from
ted, quickly, cheerfully, with clean hands and a
pail. Seldom change mixers.
Care of Milk-Strain while warm; submerge
in water 48 degrees; open setting 60 degrees.
Swimming. at twelve hours; at twenty
four hours.
Care of Cream.--Care must DO exercised to
lipe1 cream by frequent STRINGS, keeping at
sixty degrees until slightly sour.
Utensils Better have one COW less than to
be without a thermometer. Churns without
inside fixtures. Lever butter worker. Keep
sweet and clean.
Churning the cream thoroughly; temper
to sixty degrees; warm or cool with water.
Churn immediately when properly soured, slowly
at first. with regular motion; in forty to- sixty
minutes, when butter is formed in granules the
size of wheat kernels draw off the buttermilk;
work with cold water and brine until no trace of
buttermilk is left.
Working and Sailing. the water drain
out; weigh the butter; salt, one ounce to the
pound; sift salt on the butter and work with
lever worker; set away two to four hours; lightly
rework and pack
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
AND COMMERCIAL
MONEY AND SECURITIES.
A Reasonably Firm Market, Though Pric
Decline Slightly.

A Reasonably Firm Market, Though Prices
Decline Slightly.
New YORK, April 24.-Money easy at ID
per cent; offered at IL at the close. Prime
mercantile paper 4d5 IL per cent.
Sterling exchange firm at 467 IL for sixty
days, and 4S9 IL for sight.
Governments weaker.
Railways generally weak Erie new seconds
were exceptionally strong, rising to 81
State securities quiet
In the stock market, notwithstanding weak
ness throughout the forenoon a frmer tone in
the afternoon diminished the general decline,
and though u out of 40 stocks traded in during
the day closed lower than last night, the declines
were small in all cases, except Erie preferred,
which showed a net decline of per cent for the
day; Pittsburg & FIT. Wayne, and Jersey Central
l 3-S, Oregon Navigation ], Oregon Improvement
] IL and Reading l 5-8. On the other hand
Union Pacific Western Union, Missouri Pacific
Louisville g. Nashville and and few others
showed gains of IL to 5-S per cent. Reading
was raided ON reports that the March statement
would be unfavorable. Union Pacific sold
seller 60, at "a difference of l-2a2 per cent
below the price in the regular way.
Transactions, 1870, GEO shares, to-wit: Lacka-
wanna 43, eco; Erie, l3;000; Lake Shore
14,000 Missouri Pacific, 10000; New York
Central, 5000; Pacific Mail, z, 900 Reading, 49,
900; st Paul 56000 Texas Pacific, 1000;
Union Pacific, 76 600; Western. Union, q, 600;
Northern Pacific, 1900; Oregon % Transconti-
mental, =, 600; Canadian Pacific, 1000.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
TRADE AND COMMERCE..
With More Respectable Weather an Improve
ment in Business Noticeable.

With More Respectable Weather an Improve
ment in Business Noticeable.
INDIANAPOLIS, April "a
The appearance of the sun, to-day, somewhat
frightened matters. A number of country
merchants were in, and in some depart
ments considerable activity was noticeable and
there is general belief that when genuine spring
weather sets in trade viii be good No boom
is expected, but healthy, steady movement.
There are no changes of Importance to note to-
dav in values. A writer in the Lurhbermen's
Gazette in speaking of thecomnercial situation
says: Some newspapers, like very many indi-
viduals, in consideration of the business outlook
seem to be affected with sort of chronic inclina
ton to invaribly start out with determination
to overshadow every situation with dark and
ominous clouds of gloom and dissatisfaction, and
apparently have a great relish for dark forebod-
ings in regard to, the near or remote future; and
even now the cry of business depression, hard
times, and panicky appearances are ex-
solvent firms fall as represented by Brad
streets there certainly can be no sign or sound
which can be distorted into anything partaking
of the character of a panic An examination of
the failures as reported to r. G, Dun & Co.,
for months past, and even through tlre winter
period, demonstrates that they are principally
failures of, comparatively speaking. small firms.
This fact in connection with that other that the
dullness of the winter months is disappearing
and is being superseded by more buoyant feel
ing among business firms generally, with the in
SEPARATION of confident anticpations, inclines to
the belief tn at the renewal of business activity
is at hand OF course it may not be claimed that
there are any premonitions Of boom, but it
may be safely affirmed that the Indications are
fatterins for a fair volume of business, and that
ordinarily responsible firms have tided over the
swiftest current of financial closeness and are in.
smooth water, with fiattering prospects of per
manence before them" The above comments
certainly deserve consideration, as there are
many encouraging features in the situation gen
orally. The market requirements are very care
fully measured. The long-credit system is re
ceiving set-backs by reason of increasing facili-
ties for the prompt delivery of goods. Another
cause working in favor of shorter credits is the
constant change going on in every department
of activity. Mercantile agencies report collec
tons easy. This is due partly to the difficulty
in obtaining loans, and the general care which
has been taken by the banking interests in in
crcasing their paper The conservatism which
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Oils.

opened with United pipeline at 1oe and
closed at 931se highest price, 94lsc; lowest price,
92lae. Sales to-day aggregated 1867 900 bris.
Clearanees yesterday. S,S7S 900 brls. Runs II 881
brls. Shipments, 1925 brls. Charters. 45 S73 brls
Oh City Oil Exchange stock, no DID; $500 per share
asked.
BRADFORD, April 24.--The crude oil market was
firm. Total runs yesterday 76,52d brls. Total
shipments 59,725 brls. Charters As 373 brls
Cearances, 1892 900 brls. United pipeline certif-
Gates opened at 927sc, and closed at 931se; highest
price, 81 9sc; lowestprice, 92afc.
PTTvrSBURG, April 24-The petroleum market
dull; United pipeline certificates opened at
92ic advanced to 94c broke to 923sc and closed at
93c.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
JeffersonviIie, Madison { Indianapolis.

Depal southern Express daily. s.. 41Oarz
Louisville and Madison Express 49, 7:25 am
Louisville and Madison mail D. c. $50 pm
Louisville Express, daily .------.. $40 pm
Acknowledgements and Madison Nfail.. $40 am
Indianapolis, st. Louis and Chicago
Express, daily, p. -...-...---... IL 100 am
New York and Northern Fast Elk.
press, p c; ;-.------....-.-.--... 7e9pm
St Louis, Chicago and Detroit Fast
Line, daily, 1890 nm
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

NEW YORK, April 24-ootton quiet: futures
drlI; April, III Sc May I19oc; june, II 9Oc:
July 12.o2e; August IL; 12c; September, II. 76ci
October. II .07c: November Hole December,
11.20c January, 1I.o9c-
CINCINNATI, April 24.-Cotton steady and un-
changed.
LOUISVILLE April 24.-Cotton steady and IN.
ehaHged
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Foreign Money and stock Market.

LONDON April 24.-6 P. M.-GoEernment bonds
United States four-anda-halfs, 11514 Railroad
bonds-Mdwaul.-s & st. Panb $685. Canada Pacific
ass; Pennsylvania Central, l6l L.; New York Cen
trail 1l5l2i Erie: 11S5s seconds 1898, Reading,
1884, Bar silver, 81.
PANS, April 24.-Rentes. 76f 671ee.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

NEW YORK April -Cofee-Spot lots fair Rio
dull at 10is &c; options shade higher and quiet
sales of 750 bags Rio No. 7 April at $3.50; 1. 600
bags May at s.350S.45e 4, geo bags August at s.45
0S.5 soc; 1000 bags September at S.50e; l $50 bags
October at S.500S 55c.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

prevails in industrial circles is due largely to the
fact that the money lending interests are re-
stricting their line of discounts and requiring
better security.
GRAIN
The local market is strong at quotations, and
dealers show more interest in cereals than for
some days past and bidding on Change was ami
mated. The Board of Trade Price Current says
wheat, locally, is higher, and all cash deliy-
cries are frmer Offerings very light Futures
in only fair request Receipts meager New
York 1-Sc better, Baltimore steady, while Chi
eago advanced from opening and closed cents
bipber than Iasterdav We o11ote
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

NEW YORK, April 24.-There was improved
activity at second hands, but the demand from agents
was very moderate.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

Chicago, ST.. Louis 4 Pil:sburq,
Depart-New York, PHILADELPHIA. Wash.
ingtOn, Baltimore and Pittsburp
Express, daily, s..-.....- - 4.25 am
Dayton and Columbus Express, ex.
cept sunday ----...--.--.--.--1o:45 ana
Richmond Accommodation 400 nm
New York, Philadelphia Washing.
ton, Baltimore and Pittsburg Elk
press, daily, s., h--.....-...---.. 4:55 pm
Dayton Express, except Sunday 4:55 pm
<4hlNe--hle hmond Aecommodtt except
Sunday ..............-...-----.- $40 am
New York Philadelphia Washing
ton Baltimore and Pittsburg Ex
press, daily. -11:37 am
Columbus aud Dayton Express ex.
=, cept Sunday -.........---... 5:27 pm
Aev York. Philadelnhia Washing
ton, Baltimore and Pittsbure Tx.
n press daily :;---..-..-. ..10:2Opm
Dayton Express daily, except Sun
~, day 1920 pm
CHICAGO DIVISION VIA KoKOMo, P. C. G. ST. L. R. X.
Depalt-Louisville and Chicago Express
p. e..:----- ..---,--......---....11:15 am
Louisville and Chicago Fast Ex
-, press daily s..-.--..-...-----.. 11:oopm
Arrive--Chicago and LousvilleFast Express
daily; -. $3.50 am
Chicago aud Louisville Express,
p. c------ 1888
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

lie" mere Ior IhS market oelng steady at yesterday
prices We quote;
Exports Sc. o0a6.25
Good to choice shippers -..-.-...--.. 5.5005. 90
Common to medium shippers -------.. 4.6005.30
Stoekers, 800 to 500 lbs.-..---..--... 3.75 so
Good to choice and heifers 4.5096. so
Common to medium COWS and heifers.-- 3.o004. %
Veal calves, common to good 450O0.5O
Bulls common to good.---.--...-.--.. 30O04.50
Milk and springers common to
good %. 90 055 90
HoGS.-Recepts, 5000; shipments, 2;350. Quail
ity some better. Market opened active 10 cents
higher than yesterday. One load prime heavy brought
So. We quote:
Select medium to heavy. Sc. S006.00
Selectight, $50 to 200 lbs 5.6o85.70
common TO faIr light ------------------ 3-4O@5-03
Pigs and roughs. .----.-.....--.--...-. 5.1005.40
oklpS ana stays OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES 4OU04.0O
SHEEP.-Reeeipts, 300; shipments, 26o. Supply
very light. Market steady and unchanged. We
quote:
dOou TO enolce grades .------------. So.OU00.3U
Common to medium grades. -..-...-.-.. 3.7504.70
Spring lambs ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 0.0oG7.O0
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Cincinnati, Indianapolis S. Louis 3 CHICAGO

CINCINNATI DIVISION.
DepaFt-Cineinnati and Florida Fast Line
daily, s! andc c.-...-..-...--.. 400 am
Rock Island and Cincinnati Accom-
mediation 1855 am
Cincinnati and Louisville Mail p. c.. $40 pm
Chicago and Cincinnati Acconno
dation, daily 6:55 pm
indianapolis Accommodation daily. 1855 am
Chicago and ST. Louis Mail p. o. .I1.30 am
Western Express ..-.-.. 4:43pm
Chicago, Peoria and ST.. Louis Fast
Line, daily, s. and c. c..--.S..... 10:45 pm
CHICAGO DIVISION.
Depart-Peoria, Chicago and Rock Island,
Express. Observation-Disclosures. $50 am
Chicago Fast Mail, p. c-..---..-..I145 am
Western Express; ---...---..:.. 500 pm
Chicago and Peoria Fast Line. daily,
8, r. c....................-.....1 12o pm
Arrive-Cincnnati and Florida Fast Line
daily, C. and s..-....-----.-. 335 am
Rock Island and Cincinnati Accom-
mediation. Observation-Disclosures 1040 am
Cincinnati and Louisville Mail p. c. 330pm
Chicago and Cincinnati AccomIno-
dation.- .......-........---... 6:4opm
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
wabash. 81. Louis & Pacific.

Depart-Detroit and Chicago Mail .-.
Toledo. Fort Wayne, Grand Rapids
and Michigan Express. ......--..
Detroit and Toledo Express, daily,
Arrive Michigan and Toledo, Express, daily
except Monday. -...
Toledo and Fort Wayne Express !
Detroit and Chicago Mail.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Wards Cream of Chalk,

O1UelHI VI
Aromatic Rose Flavor will give you pearly teeth,
rosy gums and sweet breath Price, % cents.
Druggists. Browning 81 Sloan, agents.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
LIVE STOCK.
indianapolis Market.

INDIANAPOLIS, April "a.
CATTLE.-Receipts, GOO; shipments, $50. But
few here for this market Selling steady yesterdays
prices We quote;
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.

TERMS INVARIABLY IN ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PREPAID
by THE PUBLISHERS.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25

Corn-We notice decidedly firm feeling for
all grades for immediate shipment. Receipts
are only fair and grading poorly. Futures not
wanted. New York is 3 &C higher, Baltimore
same, and Chicago is 1;4c better than yesterday
We quote
NO : white track ---21A2
w. % Wilte; Uack-------
Yellow track .-.....-... ..........-...-.....5Sl
nigh nliAeu tlack---- 81 .
Mixed, track. --......... .....-.-..........-50
No. 3, track. .-....-.--..-..--.-.-.---.49
Sound ear track.
Oats-Continue firm. and all grades will read
lily bring full prices. We quote.
hHlte, udck--- 20
Mixed track. 34a
Rye-Steady 60c bid, no sellers.
Bran-Steady; $3.50 bid, no sellers.
RECEIPTS BY RAIL PAST TwESTY-FOUR HOURS.
Nheat, ., IOO'
Corn, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 5, 900
GRAIN IN STORE.
April % 1884.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1884-04-25
Cincinnati, Hamilton 6, indianapolis

Depart-Cincinnati, Dayton s. Toldeo -. 400 am
New York -....-..--.. 1850 am
ConnersyiIle Accommodation. $50 pm
Cincinnati Dayton. Toledo and
New York Express. .-..-.4-...- GAO pm
A,rive-Connerspille Accommodation .... $50 am
Cincinnati Peoria and st. Louis. 11:50 am
Cincinnati Accommodation --..-. 500 pm
Cincinnati, Peoria and 81. Louis 10;40pu
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1884-03-27
A Railroad Strike.

GREENvILLE, March 2l.-About seven
ty-6ve hands employed iu grading the
Greenville and Laurens Railroad near
this city struck at o'clock to. day. They
made no formal demand upon the cou-
tractors, but from the best [ can learn
thew hope to establish shorter time, COM
planning that they are worked too many
hours in the day, and they desire alsu
an increase of pay and 10 be paid their
surplus of money over and above rations
oftener than ever twenty'six days, which
I understand has been tbe rule. The
strikers started about thirty in body,
and proceeding to the different squads
under the several overseers offered vio-
lence to those who refused to join in The
strike. Their effort to make the strike
general was failure, however. Those
inclined to continue at work under the
present pay of one dollar per day aud
under the regulations in force offered to
meet force with force, and those in favor
of working being in the majority the
strikers, about sexenty.tive i'll number,
left the road somewhat demoralized.
Several of the number have since made
application for work. The best of them
will probably be reinstated to morrow,
while the worthless and turbulent will be
denied employment. The whole number,
am informed, can be replaced with
fresh hands in very short time, as the
contractors find no trouble in getting a
plentiful supply Of labor. The hands
are worked, 1 am told, from sunrise until
shortly after sundown.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1884-03-27
A Hopeful Senator.

WASHINGTON, March Ex-senator
Blair, several times since the opening of
the session, has expressed to me bis great
hope that Congress would no longer de-
lay what he thinks is certain to come
sooner or later-the appropriation from
the national treasury of II liberal sum to
aid the States in keeping up system Of
public education. With the session well
worn and the calendars crowded with all
kinds of legislative raw material he con.
tiuues to press this measure for consider
alton and he still believes that united,
harmonious action on the part of its
friends will insure its passage. The Sen
ator has made an elaborate exposition of
the committee bill to the Senate. 1t is
almost exactly the same bill he has been
trying to pass for several years. Briefly,
it gives fifteen millions the first year and
reduces this sum by one million every
year for ten years, when the appropria.
ton is to cease. The money is to be dis.
lributed on the basis of illiteracy and to
be applied under the laws and by the
school machinery of the several States
Georgia would receive over eight hun.
dred thousand dollars the first year of
the operation of this bill. In his argu.
meut to the Senate Mr.. Blair quoted a
speech of Stale School Commissioner
Orr, delivered before congressional
committee and thus commended the
Georgia educator. I desire to say that
Superintendent Orr can speak with
larger and more reliable authority prob.
ably from the standpoint of an educated,
energetic and patriotic Southern man
upon this subject than any other man
whatever in the whole country. 1 con-
slider his statements rs of very special
significance, and entitled not alone to the
attention of the Senate, but of the entire
country.
A great many other authorities from
all parts of the Union were quoted.
The Senator made q strong case for his
bill. He will follow it up with the active,
untiring personal efforts which he gives
to everything he takes hold of. l fear
the chances of the bill are not so good
in the House as in the Senate. Mr..
Aiken, Chairman of the Committee en-
Education, is said to be opposed to the
general idea of the bill, and there are
several members of the House who have
openly declared their opposition to any
bill of the kind. One of the strongest
reasons put forward in its support is that
the great bulk of the illiteracy which
now oppressed the South was put upon
it by the governments act Of emancipa.
ton and that it is the duty of the gov
ernment 10 aid the States in elevaling
the negro nearer to an intelligent COM
prebenslon of the responsibilities of
citizenship.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1884-03-27
Gangs Of Young RufTlans.

BosroS, March 20.-Three gangs of
boy burglars arc reported to day in this
vicinity, one in South Boston, another
in Salem and third in Lowell. Of the
South Boston gang ten have been ares
ted, all between ten and sixteen years of
age. These lads organized themselves
into the Fitz Club and fitted up head
quarters in cellar. The leader of the
gang is a boy of fifteen, who was CON-
mitted for two years but was released at
the expiration Of year. The boys call
their leader "Billy the Kid" Their
scheme was to save up money for the
purchase of arms and in the Spring steal
boat in which they would start on o
voyage of adventure. The Salem organ.
ization is of more importance, as the
boys are older and had supply of arms
and money. No crimes have been COM
mitted. The boys we're projecting a
series Of robberies. In Lowell five boys
are under arrest for highway robbery.
Their victims Merc the SONS of James l..
Campbell, one of the proprietors of the
Lowell Morning Times, and Charles For.
rest. The juvenile highwaymen knocked
the boys down and riaed their pockets.
From the conduct of the young rutlians
aud their talk while under arrest it was
evident that they were inspired by senti-
ments irbibcd from yellow covered lite
ratur0