davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

At best the population of France grows
in numbers very slowly. Allowing for the
million and a half taken away by Ger
many the population of France has, We
may say, made no progress at all since
1860. Its numbers are smaller now than
they We're fifteen years ago, while the load
of taxation has almost doubcd-in mere
charges 1t has much more than doubled.
Equally stationary has been the export
trade OF France. The average of recent
years has indeed been lower than for the
years Immediately succeeding the war. I'M
ports have, ON the other hand, augmented
much, but not because the country has
been internally prosperous. The increase is
the consequence of bad harvcsts, and indi-
Gates further dcnudGtion of the wealth of
the people. France may, therefore, be con-
Sidercd To exist under conditions that have
not materially changed within the past ten
years so far rs new developments of its re-
sources are concerned. The higher wages
of its population, therefore, represent little
more than an artificial state-nduced pros
perity born of augmented debt and an in
tiated paper currency. The statements con-
stantly made before the Parliamentary
Commission lately established in France to
examine the position of the working classes
proves this. The representatives, for eX-
vi stAtC lilsit
mems wages had doubled since 1915, but
10000 men out of the 10000 comprising his
guild were out of work in Paris alone
Here, therefore, we have purely artificial
industrial condition, and upon this unnat-
ural structure the French Government has
built pile of debt which demands about
f6 per annum per family for its service.
This is reckoning the family at five as in
England, although that is probably too
high. Putting Paris alongside London for
the sake of comparison with the preceding
essay, | find that in addition 10 his pay
ment of f6 TO the State treasury for debt
charges, the head of family of five in that
city must find e. los. toward the charges of
the debt of Paris. Reckoning per head,
imperial debt takes 23s. from the workman
per annum, and Partisan debt 34s.; or to-
gether, 81 LIS. The rest of France, of
course, has no such load to endure, and
that of Paris is mitigated by its being the
greatest resort of the wealthy in Europe
next to London, and by the fact that it
owns the water supply. Still, here we have
the weakest spot, and these figures tell us
in a general way the secret of that Partisan
unrest and discomfort which ever and anon
threatens France. Adding together all the
charges paid ont Of taxes, local and impe
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
The War on the Condor.

The announcement that the Chilean Gov
eminent has declared war of determination
against the monarchs of vultureS-the CON
dor-and offers about s. for every one
killed, justifes some remarks rs to the pos
sbility of the Chilean Government realiz-
ing its purposes, says the New Orleans
Tines Democrat. The condor has indeed
been declared = an enemy to the republic
and condor hunting has become highly
lucrative business; but when one takes into
consideration the astounding powers of the
bird and its wonderful habits one finds it
hard to believe that the Government can
sver succeed in destroying the species ut
any price. Shooting il ON the wing is al
most out of the question for it sails at lati
tudes far beyond the reach of the human
eye, and rOOStS cn peaks UNNECESSARILY
above the clouds. 1t has been seen at alu-
tudes OF 10000 feet. 1t can withstand varia-
tons of temperature beyond human endur-
ance and matches its Young far above the
snow hne-ncyerthelcSs. il rests quite com
fortably on the burning sands of the south
ern scac0ast. II haUntS the whole western
slope of the Andes-not only Chile, but
Peru, Bolivia and Patagonia. With the
vast spread of its Wings-Oftcn exceeding
twelve teet-it can perform prodigious jour
ncys in Il few hours. Its eve is miracu-
lousy keen for when 10 bird is visible in
the sky, even with the aid of powerful
glass, if Il mule on other animal in con
voy fall or die the condors instantly drop
upon it like lightning from heaven. Lat
tcrly the birds have So increased as to form
Il Vcritablc sCOuTge-nutwithStand the
fact that the female lays but two eggs at a
time, and condor hunting has been Il rcgII-
lar and lucrative calling for more than
century. Traps are the only reliable means
of catching them but the day Will certainly
come when traps shall be of no avail what
ever. Condors have already learned to fear
Il gun; and with their wonderful sight it is
absolutely impossible To- get even within
rifle range of them. Birds soon learn to
avoid danger as has been proved since the
erection of telegraph lines in the United
States few are now killed by flying against
the wires. 1t will be strange if the condor
does not learn To avoid snares instinctive!v.
When the birds find life in Chile or in Peru
unusually difficult they have only 10 mi
crate further south or north and propa-
gate their species in other attitudes until
they become so numerous as to migrate
again to those regions which outlawcd
them. Then the work of destruction has
to be done all over All things considered
1t seems impossible TO eXterminate such a
race of vultureS unless means of DESTROY
ing their eggs can be devised but nobody
not even Mr.. Graham-would undertake
to scale 10000 or 10000 feet nigh for such n
purpose. The condor is certainly gifted
with rare powers of sclf-prescrvatiOn and
it is not unlikely his huge shadow max
float above the corpse of the last South
American in that lurid twilight preceding
the worlds final dissolution.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

Professor Langley, OF the Allegheny Oh
scrvatory, viii contribute TO the C5f.,yl, q
series OK popular illustrated papers on The
New Astronomy. His first article. i'm the
September number treats of the spot, ON
the sun, and of one of the sDots he SAYS g..
There We're wonderful lcru-ljkc forms i'm
this spot too, and an appearance Ike
that of fine b0urhs covered with snow
for, strangely enough, the intense wlisc-
ness ui the solar surface, in the best tclc-
scopes, constantly suggests cold ! have
had tue same impression wildly in look
ing ut the immense masses of mOlteIt-whitc
iron i'm great puddlin. furnace. The
salient feature here Is one very difficult TO
see, even IN good telescopes but one which
Is OF great interest. Ii has been shown in
the previous drawings, but We have not
enlarged on II. Everywhere in the spot are
long white threads, or iilaments. lyinrupon
one another, tending in general sense
toward the center and each of which
grows brighter toward its inner ry-
tremity. These make up, in fact. as
we now see, the penmbra, or outer
shade, and the >O-callcd crystal Is
really affiliated 10 them. Besides this.
on closer looking We see that the inner
shade, or umbra. and the very deencst
shades or nuclei. are really made OF Them
too. We can look into the dark center. aS
into funnel, 10 the depth of probably over
5000 miles but as far rs we may go down
we come to no liquid or solid floor, and see
only volumes of whirling yapor, disposed
NOT vaguely like our clouds, but in the sin
gularly definite, fern-like, howcr-like forms
which are themselves made of these fla
ments, each of which is from 5000 to
5000 miles long, and from 50 to 200 miles
thick. and each of which ias we saw in the
first spo) appears 90 be made up like a
rope OF still finer and finer strands, look
ing, in the rare instantS when irradiation
makes an isolated one visible, like a thread
OF gossamer, or the finest of cobwcb. These
suggest the fine threads Of spun glass snd
mere there is something more than = mere
resemblance of form, for both appear 10
nave one casual feature in common, due to
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

SO, in the last year but one of the sixteen
hundreds, while the New England colonists
were still rejoicing over the recognition of
Protestant William, and the Quaker friends
of Penn were planting beside the Delaware
the seeds of that liberty which has since
blossomed forth into the Great Republic,
Louis lie Grand sent forth his fleet, with
soldiers and colonists, to establish a post on
the Gulf of Mexico, and make his some
what shadowy title to Louisiana certain,
and-so all belicved-proftable The fleet
crossed the ocean in safety, and during the
month of January, 1899, entered the Gulf
of Mexico. Calling at the Spanish settle
ment near where Pensacola now stands,
and not being permitted to land, they sailed
southwest along the coz t. following the
islands which form what is now called
Mississippi sound, and found a good an
ChOrage, in deep water behind the northern
point of q reef or chain of narrow sand
islands, to which, i'll honor of the
day-it being Candlemas-thcy gave the
euphoniOus name of les Chandeliers. The
first glimpse of their new home must
have been discouraging. The shallOwness of
the water warned the seamcn off shore, and
as they lay at anchor behind the Chandc-
leurS, those who climbed 10 the ships
top could but see iuterminable marshes
away to the left, sterile, treeless islands
cuTYiug from east to south, and to the north
the dim blue line Of the wooded islands.
But the wisely-chosen commander Of the
expedition, the French-Canadian Iberyiilc,
gave them no opportunity for repining.
Exploring the pass between the % lie aux
chats SO called from the immense num-
Der Of raccoons found therc-and the " lie
aux yaissCauX,' and finding sufficient wa
ter, he brought in his smaller vessels, and
erected huts Oh the latter island for the COL
onistS. Here was the first settlement Per-
haps, had they hunted the length and
breadth Of the vast province, they could not
have found a more uuinyiting spot than
this narrow ridge Of snowy sand, relieved
by few thickets of s,mted shrubs and a
sparse wood of pines. Yet, doubtless, after
their long confinement on shipboard, it was
a most acceptable resting-place. Robert :.
Day, in Manhattan for September.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

In an article on THE Rescue of Chinese
Gordon, to be found in "Open Letters y of
the September " Century" General K. f.
CoIston, late of the Egyptian General staff,
SAYS: In the WaterleSs Land, water IS
the paramount question. II 1t he asked
how a large body of BedOuinS like the
10000 who nearly destroyed the British
squares AT Tamai manage to subsist, the
reason is plain. IN the first place, they dc
not need the enormous trains required for
a European army. They are the most alb
stemOuS of men. Each man carries skin
of water and 4 small bag of grain, procured
by purchase or barter from caravans Their
camels and goats move with them, supply
ing them with milk and meat, and SubSist
ing upon the Scanty heritage and the foliage
of the thorny nimOSa, growing III secluded
wadies. These people could live upon the
increase of their flocks alone, which they
exchange readily for other commodities,
but being the exclusive carriers and guides
for all the travel and commerce that cross
their deserts, they realize yearly large
amounts of money. As to water, they
know every nook and hollow in the
mountains, away from the trails, where
few barrels of water collect
in some shaded ravine, and they
can scatter, every man for himself, to fill
ll4Cli " llCi ShlIIS vi my III 81 'StlliOIl,
near the close of the three years drought,
reached some wells on which | was de-
pending, and found them entirely dry. 1t
was several days to the next wells. But
my Bedouin guides knew some natural
reservoirs in the hills about six miles off.
SO they took the water-camels at nightfall,
and came back before daylight with the
water-sllins filled. An invading army
would find ii hard TO obtain guides, and
even if they did, they must keep together,
and could not leave the line of march to
look for wafer Besides, the Bedouins,
accustomed from infancy to regard water
as most precious and rare, use it with Won
derlul economy. Neither men nor animals
drink more than once in forty-cight hours.
As to washing, they never indulge in such
wasteful nonsense. When Bedouins came
to my camp, water was always offered them.
Their answer would frequently be, No,
thanks: | drank Yesterday They know
too well the importance Of keeping up the
habit Of abstemiOusness. No wonder they
can subSist where invaders would quickly
perish
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

My last visit to this place was in July,
1863, when | was compelled by force of cir
CumstanceS to witness the grandeSt battle
ever fought on this continent | am now
seated on the spot where | then stood and
viewed the famous charge that resulted 50
disaStrOusly to Lees forces. ! see around
me the identical rocks behind which the
tired out troops of part Of the old Fifth
Corps patiently awaited the orders to wade
in On my left is the place where Has
let's Battery was in position, and | can
imagine | hear the thunder of its guns and
see the devastation it created on the on
ward-mOying lines of Picketts troops |
see the very stone upon which General
Weed was leaning when he received his
death wound, and in my minds eve | see
the gallant Haslett take him in his arms,
ana the next moment receive the bullet
that left the famous battery without a Cap
tain. Across Plumb Run is the rugged pile
of rocks called d" Devils Den, and devils
den it was. Twas there The rebel sharp
shooters were safely posted, and with En-
field rifles shot down our officers as fast as
they made themselves visible. | imagine
! sec the handful of soldiers of the One
Hundred and Fifty-hfth PENNSYLVANIA
Nolunteers-all from the old city of smoke
-dashing across the muddy creek and rush
ing on pel-mell until the devils in the den
were either killed or captured | have in
my possession a photograph taken of this
spot Immediately after the battle and the
piles of Union and rebel dead intcrmingcd
tell a story that language fails To describe
What hOrrid sights they werel Over be-
yond is where Sweitzers brigade changed
front to the right, and had hand-to-hand
struggle with force superior in numbers,
and as the gallant men moved diagonally
across the field, pouring vollcy after volev
into the enemy, the reserves charged down
upon the flank of the gray-bacl horde and
drove them from the field. But a short
distance to my right is where Judge Collier
(then Colorei) formed his regiment-the
One Hundred and Thrty-ninth Pcnnsyl-
vania Volunteers. He was wounded there
shortly after, and it is not far to the spot
where old Captain Sample received the
wound that caused his death. He was
very Old man when he entered the service
but the blood OF mis- father who did yeo-
man duty in the war of 1872 ran through
his veins, ana, as Judge Collier said, "a
Drawer old man never died for his country"
How wildly all these events appear, and
yet they happened more than twenty wears
ago Gcttysburs Correspondence Pitts
burg Dispatch, August 9TH.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
Making a Queen.
Bees do not usually want more

Bees do not usually want more than one
queen. In fact. thcy vii. not have more
than one UrieSs The swarm has grown SO
LARGE rs To- crowd The hive and they are go
ing To- found a colony, o. swarm as il is
called. in winch case each family Will need
4 sovereign As soon Is Ii IS clear t. the
wiseacreS that il viii be necessary TO send
off a swarm, the bees - 20 work 10 make
queen. 4 worker macEot, riff there hap
pens to be none in the hive, 4 worker egg
IS selected near the edge of the comb. Two
cells next door to the one in which this
maggot is are cleared out. and the dividing
walls are cut down so that three ordinary
cells are turned into one The food which
the worker worm has been feeding on is re-
moved. and the little creature is supplied
with new kind of food-a royal Jelly
Change of food, q larger room. and differ
ent position--the queens cell hangs down
instead of being horizOnial-theSe three
changes of treatment turn the bee that is
developing from worker into queen.
She is different in her outer shape, differ
ent in almost all her organs, and different
in every single instinct. There Is nothing
else in all nature that seems ~ me more
wonderful than this. For fear that one
queen may not come out all right the prov
ident little creatures usually start two or
three queen-cells at once. Ii is curious 10
watch the first queen rs she comes out.
She moves up and down the combs, look
ing for the queen-cclls, and if she finds one
she falls upon ii in the greatest excite
ment and stings her rival to death. Some
times, by accident, two new queens come
out at the same time-then il is wonderful
to see the bees. They clear Il space and
bring the two rival queens together and
stand back to watch The fight. And tits 4
royal fight indeed; a fight to the death. for
they never give up till one or the other is
fatally stuug. The victor is then accepted
as sovcreign.-t Mrs. :. Il. Hcrricl;. in st.
Nicholas
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

HANGING STAIRwAYs.-One of the four
spacious hanging stairways that will afford
access to the new Philadelphia City Hall
from the corners of the vast structure is
ready for the massive bronze Oalustrade of
handsome design which will be placed on
the outer edge of the steps. The stairway
is built entirely Of Cape Ann granite. 1t
has 156 steps and twenty platforms, the
average size of the latter being 24x12 feet,
which project from The wall without APP
parent support. The steps are firmly fixed
in the wall distance of one foot six inches.
and each block has bearing of one and
thrce-quarters inches on the step below
The first three steps are cut solidly from
one block of granite. The octagOnal form
of the stairway permits of the greatest
strength and security being attained. 1t is
estimated that the cost of the stairway will
be about 100000. Similar structures will
be built in the other three corners of the
building Philadelphia Record.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

rial, the Partisan oauvrier has to find on the
average about e IS. per annum out of his
earnings. Now, assuming that he is fully
employed, the average earnings of the Pa
rsian artisan is under rather than above
sos. per week, or So per annum. Debt
charges alone consequently cost the Paris
ian workman about fornight's income.
and his entire share of the public burdens,
If he be unincumbered with wife and fam
lily. represents about five weeks earnings.
In proportion us his family increases the
power of the workman to live under his
load becomes less. Even if his wife works
she can do comparatively little to help him,
for the average earnings Of females is not
above half crown day, or los. per week.
fThc Fortnightly Review.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
Making Lead Pencils.

What does it cost to make lead pen
clip" said the manufacturer. - First let
me tell you how We make pencil. See
this fine black powder? That's graphite.
1t costs twenty-five cents 4 pound. This
white substance is German clay. 1t comes
across the ocean rs ballast in sailing YES
sells, and all it costs us is freight We mix
this clay and this powder together and
grind them in a mill, allowing moisture to
be added during the process until the two
are thoroughly assimilated, and are re-
duccd to paste about the consistency of
putty.
This paste we press into these dies,
each one of which is the size OF pencil
head, except in length There are four
leads in one of these After they are
pressed we cut them into the proper length
and bake them in an oven kept at a very
high heat There we have the lead made
Its hardness is regulated by the greater or
less amount of clay we mix with the
graphite-the more clay we put in the
harder the lead.
The cedar We use comes principally
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
LACQUER TRErs.-Thc beautiful Lanan,

LACQUER TREEs-Thc beautiful Japanese
lacquer, so appreciated nowadays by Euro
pean amateurs. is growing scarce and much
more costly. This is due to the abolition
of the old laws protecting the lacquer-tree
and which in ancient times required each
family, according to rank, to rear Il certain
number of trees. Those belonging TO the
upper classes were bound to cultivate one
hundred trees, the middle classes seventy
and the lower classes forty trees. Now that
these regulations no longer exist, wood
cutters fell the trees in large numbers, and
will soon destroy them altogether if pre-
cautions are not taken.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

ErIpENIcs AND TEMPEBATURE-It has
happened over and over again that an cpl
demic at particular spot has fingered on
in desultory fashion before its real intens-
ity was felt. This was the case at Toulon
itself in 1865, when the mortality for the
first few weeks remained even below what
it has been on the present occasion, rising
suddenly to about fifty deaths n day in the
middle of September. A sudden rise or tall
is generally to be explained by change in
the weather Nothing is more likely than
the decline of an epidemic of cholera in
any one place, or all over the country,
when the winter cold begins. On the other
hand. the disease usually reaches its hight
as the temperature goes up, although the
rule is not an invariable one. Moisture and
heat together are much more likely to
cause an increase of cholera than heat and
drought, and in fact the autumnal months
have generally seen a larger mortality than
the spring and summer.-lNew York Com
mercial Advertiser
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

Lord RGpeTStood, Of the Colony of Nicto-
ria by his fathers will fell heir Ia $500, 600
mcrino sheep. 100000 acres of freehold
lands, besides leasehold of crown lands
IN England Of equal area. BY care and
thrift he has doubled his inheritance, max
ing it considerably over 500 100000. His
residence in Melbourne is said to be the
most magnificent in the world. II cost
- 100000.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
TT rs a FACT

Hundreds of letters in our possession copies
Of which may be had by return maid, are our
authority for the assertion that Skin, Scalp and
Blood HuThors whether ScrofIlous Inherited
or Contagious, may NOW be permanently cured
by CUTICCRA RESOLVEST. the new Blood Purifier
Diuretic and Aperient, internally, and CUTICURA
and CUTICURA SOAP. the great skin Cures and
Beautifers, externally, in one half the time and
nj ono hnlf the eNnnnSn of ANY other ScaSnn
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23

a viscous or sticky fluid; for there is
much reason to believe that the solar
atmosphere, even where thinner than our
own air is rendered viscous by the enor
nous heat, and owes to this its tendency to
pull out in strings, in common with such
otherwise dissimilar things, as honey, or
melted sugar, or melted glass
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
GREATEST on EARTH.

CUTICURA REMEDIES are the greatest medicines
on earth Had the worst case of Salt Rheum in
tffis country. My mother had it twenty years,
and in fact died from it. | believe CUTICURA
would have saved herlife. My arms, breast and
head were covered for three years, which moth
ing relieved or cured until used the CUTICURA
RFsoLvENT internally and CUTICURA and CUTI-
CURA SOAP externally.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1884-08-23
AEmaas is THE TIME Es
Aa ID sEaS TO CURE Hs
w % w SKIN HUM0RS.

TT IS AT THIS SEASON WHEN THE PORES
L open freely and the Perspiration is abund-
ant that DiSfiguring HumorS. Illuminating Erup-
tiOnS, Itching TortureS Salt Rheum or Eczema,
Psoriasis, letter Ringworm, Baby HumOrs, Scro-
fIIla ScrofulOus Sores, Assesses and Discharging
Wounds. and every species of Itching Scaly and
Pimply Diseases Of the Skin and Scalp are most
speedily and economically erred by the CUTE
1I.I, IA