Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-12-02

For pensions. Observation-Disclosures j5,429,z2S o.
For the military establishment,
including river and harbOr I'M
prOvements and arsenals .---- 39,4zS,6S5 81
For the naval establishment, in
GLIDING vessels, machinery and
improve cents ut navy yards. h,zy2boI A
For miscellaneous expenditures,
including public buildings,
light houses and collecting the
revenue - - .......,-t,...: 48,939,7lO 90
For expenditures on account of
the District of Columbia. 3,407,O49 81
For interest on the public debt. 3,57S,37S IS
For the sinking fund....-........ 46,i9O229 90
Total ordinary expenditures 29O,9l6,478 So
Leaving a surplus of......:.... 57,6OS,396 90
Compared with the previous fiscal year
the receipts for 1884 have decreased $54,-
O44. 1913 IS.
The expenditures show a decrease as
compared with the previous year of $685.
533 ,46S 81, as follows: In the War De-
partment, IS, 4Sl, 779 81; IN pensions, $lO,-
$50, 345 IS; in Indians, SSS6, 59l 05; and in
interest on the public debt. $4.5S1. 752 II.
There was an increase of 4,2j1, 30 rs, as
follows: In the Navy Department, 81, O09,-
164 %; and in civil and miscellaneous,
S2,242, Al 40; making a net decrease in
the expenditures of $2l, 2ol, 1913 u.
ESTIMATES FOR 1885.
The estimated revenues for the present
wear are as follows:
Total receipts, actual and esti-
mated. ...-..-.-------.-------.- $500 100000 co
Total expenditures ..----.......- 29O,62O, POI l6
Estimated surplus .-....-- $39,3I9, 19S 81
SURPLUS FOR 1886.
1t seems safe to assume that the surplus
revenue fO- 1856 will be more than $780,
100000
CONDITION OF THE MANUFACTORIES.
The all important question that presses
itself upon the public attention is, how
shall the country be relieved from the
plethora of manufactured goods, and
how shall plethora hel eater be prevented!
1t is obvious that our power TO produce is
much in excess Of the present or any
probable future demand for home con-
sumption. The existing iron, cotton and
wooden mills, if employed at their full
capacity, could meet in six mOnths-per-
caps in a shorter time-the home demand
for year. 1t is certain, therefore, that
unless markets row practically closed
against us are opened, unless We can
share in the trade which is mOnOpOlized
by European nations, the depression now
so severely felt Will continue, and may
become more disastrous.
The question how shall cur foreign trade
be increased is the question which now
and careful consideration. Manufactu-
reTs are primarily interested, but tie
whole country has stake in its solution.
In its investigation the tariff Will neces-
sarily be involved, inasmuch as the rela-
tiOns between il and our foreign trade are
SO close that they cannot be considered
separately, but it need not be involved
except 50 far as it stands in the way of
international trade. If the duties upon
Oh
duties should be removed. IL the duties
upon other articles are an obstruction,
they should be modified. Whatever may
be required to increase our foreign
trade, whether it be a repeal or mod
ificatiOn OF existing duties, should be de-
manded by the manufacturers themselves.
How, then, shall the information required
for full understanding Of what stands
in the way Of an increased expectation of
our manufactured goods be obtained? 1t
may not be proper for me to offer advice
on this point, but l cannot fOrbear to say
that | can see no better means than by
the appointment of a commission, COM
posed of men not welded to the doctrines
of free trade or TOtectiOn-fair-minde
men, who would prosecute the inquiry
thoroughly, cOmprehensibly and impair
tally. If such commission should be
created, il should be done without unnec-
Is airy delay.
1t is true that previous commissions
have not accomplished all that was eX-
pected of them. The cause Of this partial
failure it is not necessary to Inquire into,
but this failure should not prevent the
appointment of such a commission as has
been suggested, unless something better
can be devised. 1t is very clear that what
is needed cannot be accomplished through
the agency Of the Committee on Ways and
Means. So vast in its comprehensive
reach is the question to be investigated,
and so complicated is it by the changing
policy of other nations that this commit
tee would lack the time required for its
thorough investigation.
WHAT STEAM HAS DONE,
The business of the whole world has
been revOlutiOniZed by steam power, and
the substitution of machinery for hand
work. If not the inventor of the steam
engine. Great Britain took the lead in
utilizing it in manufacturing, and she
thus became the great workshop of the
world. For many years she had mo-
uOpOly of manufacturing. The raw ma
teTials from nearly all nations was taken
in her own ships to her ports and returned
in manufactured goods. 1t has been the
prOfit of this combination of manufac-
fures and commerce which has made her
the richest and most powerful of nations.
Now, however, all Western nations are
endeayoring to use their raw materials at
home. and to encourage and sustain their
manufactures by protective duties, the
effect of which has been general OyerprO-
ductiOn.
1t is this great revolution caused by
steam power and machinery and their
general use that VIII make the labors OF
the commission so arduOus. All the lead
ing nations OF the world are now engaged
in manufacturing, and all but Great
Britain are fencing themselves in by pro-
teetiye duties. Among them the United
States has been conspicuous. Has not the
time come when new departure is de-
manded: Golden, one of the ablest ana
most farseeing of British statesmen, pre-
dicted that the United States would in
time not only become a great manufac-
turing country, but would become CON-
petitOr with Great Britain in the South
American markets. In the course of
some remarks upon the condition of Brit
ish trade he said:
members of the House Of Commons and
others are constantly crying out that there Is
very great danger threatening this country
from Russia. and they neglect to observe that
the great danger to the supremacy OF the
country is not in Russia, but in the competi-
ton of the United States Of America"
The Golden Club is the channel through
which the free trade sentiments of Great
Britain find expression, and yet, at re-
cent meeting of the club, the following
language by one Of the prominent mem
bers Of Parliament was cheered and ap
plauded:
s'Many persons seem to think that the eff.
feet OF the reduction OF the protective duties
in America would be to enable us to flood the
United states with our productions. For q
short time, probably, II would give a stimuli.
10 our trade, but in the long run the effect o.
IL would be 10 cheaper American productions
and 10 increase the competition Of America
with us IN other parts Of the world. We shOult
have 10 meet that cCnpetitiCn We shOult
find the Americans very serious competitors
and we shOGld have in this country to throw
aside many OF the bonds which now fetter oul
industry"
Tie present ccnaltion OF our foreign
trade is not as fully understood By the