Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-12-02
The Offices MIR. Cleveland May FIJI.

Attempts have been made to create the i'm
preston that Mr.. Cleveland would not have
much Of a chance to make clean sweep Of
the offices because of the tenure Of Office act
and the civil service act.
1t is safe TO assume that the tenure of Office
act viii not stand in the way of a change
when the President wants to make q change.
The Senate VIII hardly raise objections to his
appointments as long as there are no personal
objections to them. The Sun summarizes the
appointments the President makes as follows:
To begin with. the President makes all i'm
pOrtant appointments with the advice ard
consent of the Senate. He appoints the Off
GERS of his own household: private secre-
tary. an assistant secretary. two executive
clerks, steward and messenger.
The seven Cabinet officers or heads Of de-
partments are the NEST important offices in
the gift of the President. The assistant sec
Tetaries and the heads Of various bureaus in
the depar; mentS are so appointed by him.
Such heads of bureaus are, for instance in
the Treasury Department, the Treasurer of
the nited States. the Commissioner of Gus
toms, the Commissioner of Internal ReYe-
nue., the Register of the Treasury !;
and in the Department Of the Interior
the Commissioner of the General Land Office,
the commissioner of Indian Affairs, the Com
missioner of Pensions. the Commissioner of
PATENTS and the Commissioner of Education.
Ine PRESIDENT appoints the First and Second
COmptrOllers and the six Auditors in the
Treasury Department: and in the Depart
ment of Justice, besides It's head-the AttOr-
ney General-he appoints Solicitor General,
three Assistant Attorney Generals four other
Solicitors, and an EXamiu er of CLAIMS.
The Department of Agriculture is of COM
laratlvely recent creation. and its head, a
Commissioner, is appointed by the president;
but he has no seat in the Cabinet.
The Federal Judges. unless they resign or
are impeached, hold Office for life. 1t there
fore may fall to the lot of a President to ap-
inf F@r
TO occur. In the Supreme Court of the United
States, during thecOurse of Mr.. Cleveland's ad-
ministratiOn, tn ee or four of the Justices will
become eligible to retirement should they go
desire, but there is no enforced superannua-
ton IN that court. The District Attorneys
and Marshals for the various Federal dis
tricts into which the Union is divided, are ap-
pointed by the President. A United States
District Attorney is appointed for four years,
or until the senate shall approve his sue
cessOr.
In the diplomatic and consular service
there will, in all probability, be complete
change, for all such appointments, from En-
yoys EXtraOrd nary TO CODsu!s and utter
prefers. are in the gift Of the incoming EXecu-
tive. some Offices OF Importance connected
with the public lands VIII be filed by Mr..
Cleveland. Thus, he can appoint Surveyor
General each for Louisiana, Florida, Mime
sofa, Kansas, California, Nevada, Oregon,
Nebiaska ana iowa, la ota. Colorado. New
Mexico. Idaho, Washington. Montana, Utah,
" yomlDg, Arizona, and also Register of the
Land Office for each land district. such dis
tricts only existing where 100000 acres OF gov
eminent land remains unsOld
Thou ands of pareOns are employed in the
departments at Washington. but the great
mass of Federal officials are employed either
in the collection of customs duties or in the
postal service. 1t is SAID that there are some
$4,000 Postmaster in the United States. and
that about rs many individuals are officers of
the customs or the internal revenue. The
POstmasters in our cities, the Collectors, Naval
Officers. Surveyors, and appraisers in our
great ports of entry hold places Of remUnera-
tive salary, which are eagerly sought at the
beginning of every new administration. AL
P0stmasters, except those-of the fourth and
fifth class, all Collectors of the customs and of
internal revenue. and all the other prin-
clpal officers Of customs are appointed by the
President. The civil service act has nothing
to do with shem.
And now that we have seen what offices
Mr.. Cleveland can Gil. let us consider how he
Is restricted by the civil service act. 1t pro-
yides for the classification of certain clerks
employ Ell in the departments. in the customs,
or IN the post offices, and for the examination
OF applicants for such Offices 1t is claimed
that under It's existing Interpretation about
l4.O00 clerks - the most i'm pOrJant OF
whom receive $3.50 per annum - are
secure IN their tenure of Office, and
Accepting this statement as
correct, the fact remains that the great army
OF officFhOlders now intrenched throughout
the United states can be turned out next
March, and their places can be filed either by
the President himself or by those who viii owe
u, 900 oiiceholders whom the civil service
act makes Independent of the Presidents
power, but about $4,000 still remain subject
TO it.