New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1884-09-14
AGRlcr1rrRE AND THE rARlrT.

Fam AND FACTORY: Aids to Agrculurc lIom
of mo Department of Agr culture NoW.Noih;
American News Company lss4 Is PIP l-ho'
Mr. Dodge. StatiSticlan of the Department oi
Agriculture. has rendered great pubhc service in
The notification of a very unprctendng Mite b"oN'
We do not remember that any other publication I'D
This country has presented more forclolN' more
compactly and at the same time so fully, the lacN
,o.,inc mon tlc question Of the Influence Of the
tariff npon agriculture. In form, Mr. Dodge does
NOT discuss the tarin question NJ length. lie does
,,t consider them any sophlstica objections raised
bv ,hc adycrsarics of protection as TO MS elective
moss IN developing industries. The ann oil ms
work X 10 show that dvcrsihcati0n of industry Is
necessary to the prosperity OF agriculture
great many people have written WIN
The same end in view, not any one
60 far as We know. with more effectiveness.
Mr.. Dodge has a fortunate faculty of presenting
his statistical proofs IN a popular simple and inter
csting manner. In his first chapter he considers
generally the harmony of industries, and IN hssec-
ond the different distribution of labor IN different
countries Thus IN Great Britain 81 per cent OF
Che workers are IN the Industries we class as hauu-
features while m the United states the proportion
Is only - per cent On the other hand, in Great
Britain only l2la per cent of the workers are IN
agriculture while m the United states the proper
France. Denmark Austria Russia, Switzerland
and Spain are compared and it is shown generally
that the proglc,. and prosperity of each country
depend i'm great measure upon the balance between
Che different industries. lie next considers and
readily clears away the hoarv error that the pros
perity Of agriculture IS promoted hy mere increase
IN population. lie divides the States into
four classes. Those having less than 30
per cent engaged i'm agriculture; those having
30 and les, than 30 per cent those having 80 and
less than 20 per cent aud those having 20 per cent
and over In the latter class are found six south
srn Statcst IN the thnd class are found eight
Southern states Kansas Nebraska Iowa. Indiana
snd Minnesota in the second class are found such
statcs az OHIO. Michigan. Illinois Wisconsin.
Maine. cw.llampshuc and Vermont, while Nla,sa
chusclts. Rhode Island, Ncw'lc,scy, Connecticut
Ncw,Noik. Pcuu.l l>auia California and MARYLAND
rank m thc FIRST clu,s. Throughout the Noih the
comparison between these claesc, of state, De- ear
med INTO details tho proportion of agricultural
labor TO AN tabor iu each State being minutc,
given la the first elias, the value of farm land per
acre is found 10 be SIS 60; ma the second, $50 80
in the third Tl3 80; IA the fourth. 50 Is. The dc
tailed examination OF the relative position of each
State suNains the conclusion to which these figure,
point, VIZ: That prosperity of The farming in.
icrcst dement's upon the proportion of other labor
10 the proportion of farming labor
I'm like manner the prices Tor farm products real
izcd in different classes of states and III each STATE
separately are next shown. In the hIst class tn
average il Slj7 for each worker, New OK weld
ing $i72 Ncw-Jcrsey $5Ol and Pcunsl ~ wanna , i3l
in the second class the average Is 1871, hut IIlhOl
ranks higher with $4G7 and OHIO has just the aver
age yield. In the third class the average yield L
each worker on farms IS only S26l, though IT rise
in Minnesota TO 1876, IN Iowa 10 AS and III In
diana to $346 and in ebIaska TO 1850. These ~
ceptions suggest thai, in his otherwise most abb
argument, Mr. Dodge has not altoge her con
adhered rs II deserves the influence q
The ratio of miles of railroad opcr
ated 10 farm land under cultivation. In a simIla
manner the wages of labor in different sections
both with and without board, carefully con
eidered, the ratio between production and cOnsump
lion OF agricultural products the unwisdOm Of II
lying upon foreign markets. aud the condition an