davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
EUROPEAN METHODS OF JUSTICE.

With all their fare about glory" senti-
value money in way that the Americans and
English can hardly appreciate. English-speak-
ing people are disposed to reverence great ac-
cumulations of money, because of the enormous
power residing in such. The Germans and
French, like the Belgians, Austrians, Italians,
Dutch, and in fact nearly all Continental peo-
pies. have love of money which is implanted
in them and developed by numberless genera
tons being forced to practice the closest saving.
Every child is taught from the time it is taught
anything that economy is one of the main du-
ties and virtues of life. We see the effect of this
continually manifested in their judicial pro-
ceedings. 1t is something like the places in the
West, where the worst punishment visited upon
man who kills another is a fine for shooting
inside the corporation limits, while stealing an
insignificant little mustang is punished by
hanging to the nearest telegraph pole.
Whenever German or French banker
squanders the funds intrusted to his keeping,
or the conductors of corporation defraud the
stockholders, or in any way those in places of
trust take advantage of their position to swim
die those who trust in them, the law is merci-
less. Bankers, presidents of companies, ETC.,
sent to prison for years are incidents of by no
means rare occurrence In French and German
courts.
Recently the French authorities had ocea-
sion to look into scheme managed by two
prominent men, the alleged object Of which
was to cultivate the dry, but fertile territory
| of the Sahara" The shares were offered to the
| public at $40 each. It was found that the thing
was fraud one of the managers ran away,
while the other was caught and sentenced to
imprisonment at hard labor for five years.
1t would be well if we could infuse some of
the French and German rgor in dealing with
financial criminals into our own administra-
tions. They look upon any man whose bank
| fails or whose company does not pay dividends
as necessarily soundrel, and they make him
demonstrate his innocencei IF he can. We have
been in the bad habit of looking upon these
men as unfortunate and deserving Of our SYM
| pathy. a change is needed. The man who,
through careless ignorance or wild specula-
tion, wastes another mans substance should
be put in the peniteniary.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
WESTERN LAND FRAUDS.

Hon. n. NJ. Teller, the Secretary of the In
terror, has turned his attention to the fraudu-
lent land entries of the West, and is develop
ing the iniquity of the thing with his charac-
teristeric vigor and ability.
Everybody has felt that there were frauds
being perpetrated in the occupancy of the pub
lie domain, and it would be strange indeed, if
there were not. The enormous extent of our
unsettled territory, its sparse population. the
fewness of the officials in charge of it, and their
necessary remoteness from the greater part OF
it, all invite fraudulent occupation.
The manner in which the Commissioner of
the Public Land Office has addrest himself, at
the instance of his superior, the Secretary of
the Interior, to the work of uncoyering and
reforming the abuses shows that very thorough
work will be done, and the perpetrators of the
frauds be treated in way that will efectually
deter future transgressions of the kind.
The investigations have now occupied one
year, and the Commissioners report shows the
following figures:
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
FRANcE AND CHTNA.

There is probably as little real excuse for
the war which France has begun with China
as there ever was for any hostilities which one
nation forced upon another.
From the frst France has made pretexts for
fighting, and the more that China has conceded
the more oyerbearing and unsatisliable has
France become. She began with a wholly
unjustifable invasion of AMMAN, which was
directly under China's protection. The
Chinese were not prepared for war,-and they
do not seem to be yet,-and they tried to con-
ciliate and dipiomatize. Their Prime Minis
ter made so humiiiating peace, in order to
avert war, that be narrowly escaped losing his
head. Still France would not desist and made
an arrogant appeal for 100000 francs in
demnity," for her own ofense. The Chinese,
stin in no condition TO fight, attempted to
parley or compromise. France promptly moved
upon their works, and has bombarded one city
after another, in the most direct defiance of
all international law and usages.
It was hoped by those whom have watched
the aggressive course Of the French with in
dignation that China would at last turn upon
her persecutor, and make him regret his swash-
buckling.
The Great Middle Kingdom" has nearly
one-third of the worlds population inside its
boundaries, and its people have an indifference
oflife, and an energy in accomplishing their
purposes that ought to make them superb
soldiers, if armed and drilled according to the
methods of civilized warfare. The Chinese
authorities have Of late years bought some few
fine gunboats Of the English, and also many
superb Krupp cannon and breecI- -loadine
rifles. Baitish, French, American and German
officers have done good deal of drilling Of
troops aud instructing in the art Of fighting
ships If these instructions bore any fruit al
all the French were likely undertaking con.
tract that they might wish they had sublet
before they got through with it.
But the result Of the first real engagemen.
at the important city of Foo-Choo docs not sus
tain these hopes. The Chinese gunboats and
batteries were knocked to pieces with The
greatest of ease, while the French sustained nc
damage whatever.
It is possible, stin, that the French may, in
their attempt to penetrate farther into the in,
terror. receive disastrous check. Able mill
tary adventures. sccnting the conflict from
afar. are Aocking into China from all the coun
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
---------- . -
THE CHOLERA NIcRoBE.

It is pretty well settled that the cholera is
communicated by germ, or "microbe, as the
scientists now term it, which is contained in
the peculiar rice-water discharges from the
bowels of those attacked by the disease.
These microbes have three forms The first
discovered were shaped like period (.)-were
mere dots in fact. The next observed were
like little bars -, while those discovered
recently by DR.. Koch, and which are supposed
to be most yirulent in communicating the dis
ease, resemble comma u very much, and are
called comma microbes" by their discoverer
These find their way into the drinking
water of their victims, and when once in the
stomach or bowels develop their specific poi
sonous action, and produce all the character
istics of the terrible disease.
As rule, only persons Of weak digestion are
vulnerable TO their attack. Being drunk in
upon an empty stomach greatly favors their
deadly work. This was settled in definite
way in 1861. A prison physician had put some
rice-water discharges in drinking YES
sci and set it in the sun to observe the devel-
opment Of the cholera-nierobes. Accidentally
some 10 prisoners got hold of the vessel and
drank the water. Five of them, whose diges-
tion was known to be weak, died Immediately
of the cholera. The others, who had strong,
active stomachs, were saved.
1t is believed that the reason the Chinese
escape the cholera, while it ravages Hindustan,
is because they drink almost no cold water, but
make tea their beverage, the boiling heat OF
which is sufficient TO destroy the life of the
microbes.
| Careful experiment has determined that
neither calomel, quinia, camphor, opium, nux-
vomica. nor carbolc acid--alI of which have
been enthusiastically praised as cures for clol.
cra-are indeed remedies for it. or have any
good effect, except that quinia, being tonic
may help sustain the strength; opium, Iauda.
mum and caInphor may ease the pain, and SC
on.
| As the mcrobe itself, and the rice-water dis.
| charges in which it exists, are alkaline, the
The National tribune., 1884-08-28

only way to attack it is by acids These have
been found very efficacious Nitric, sulphuric,
muriatic and tannic acids are speedily fatal to
the microbe, and so is chlorine. Even vinegar
and lemon juice (acetic and citric acids) seem
to do much good, as well as strong essential
oils, such as the oil of peppermint.
There is one thing that should be remem-
bered all the time and that is that a large por-
ton of those swept off by the cholera are weak
and debilitated persons, who are ready to sue
cumb to any disorder. If they did not die by
the cholera, they would probably in little
while die by typhoid fever, pneumonia, innam-
nation of the bowels, etc.
Dominating all this problem of special dis
eases is the great fact of vitality. II a person
has good stock of vitality, if he has lived ac-
cording to the rules of health and not expend-
ed his powers in dissipation or wasted them by
unwholesome or vicious practices, he will prob
ably Withstand any epidemic. IF he has seri-
ously weakened his system, he win probably
pay the epenalty by dying. Ifsome epidemic hap
pens to be raging, he will die of that; if not, he
will die of some affection of the bowels, lungs,
head, or Observation-Disclosures part happens to be
the weakest, or which has been subjected to
the most strain or Generalization. Cholera, as
well as all other diseases, can be best warded
off by years of correct living
The National tribune., 1884-08-28

tries of civilization. In former times these
have been able to do great things with Chinese
troops In 1861 and thereabouts an American,
named Ward, fought a magnificent campaign
with native forces, and SO, little later, did
Burgevine, another American, and Chinese
Gordon.
If the divided councils which have hereto
fore feigned in Pekin now give place to de-
termination to concentrate all energies for q
real war, China, with her enormous population
of 400,000,000, and her correspondingly i'm
mense resources, can, with the direction given
by foreign adventures, overwhelm any army
that France can possibly send against her.
Frances objects are the restoration of her
military and diplomatic prestige and the ex-
tension of her markets. She wants to regain
some of the laurels lost in the conflict with
Germany, and to find in China market for
her products something like England has made
for hers in Hindustan.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
sEwARD,s 900 DAYS.

Is it not high time to quit finging mud at
the memory of Hon. VIM. H. Seward regarding
that crush-the-rebellion-in 90 days" remark
Mr.. Seward knew precisely what he was say
ing and the necessity for just such an utter
ance He was the head of the State Depart
ment, and our diplomatic relations were in a
very bad way. England, France. and Spain
were eager to see this Nation go TO pieces, and
anxious to do anything sanctioned by interna-
tional law to aid the rebels. Napoleon III was
especially ugly. 1t was Mr.. Stewards duty to
keep firm countenance toward Europe, and
use language that would deter those countries
from interfering. When he talked about
crushing the rebellion in 90 days he meant to
state emphatically TO Europe that this was a
domestic trouble, an insuuection which we
proposed to suppress a matter which we felt
entirely able to handle ourselves, and we pro-
posed TO do so without any outside interference
whatever, which we did not intend to toler-
ate So long as we talked confidently about
being able to crush the rebellion in 80 days, or
any other brief period, and went ahead as if
we meant to do it, it passed even Louis Napo-
Icons audacity to dare recognize the Southern
Confederacy as Nation. Mr.. Seward was a
wise man in his day and generation, and he
should be credited for his sagacity, instead of
being sneered at
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
Fraudulent zcreS

It is certainly bad enough to have great
tracts of our public domain bought up By
either home or foreign spectators. This is a
defeat of our steadfast design of having it fur
nish free homes for multitudes Of our people.
But it becomes an uncomfortable outrage when
these lands are stolen away without even
pretense Of paying for them.
Think of the Prairie Cattle Company-Inade
up of Scotehmen who disdain to become even
citizens of the country, and constantly revile
its Institutions grabbing over 100000 acres
or enough to provide from 10000 to 20, 900 fam
lilies with comfortable homes
The Arkansas Valley Company has stolen
another 100000 acres, and individuals have
plundered from 10000 to 250,000 each. In
many cases they have actually driven settlers
of the stolen lands at the muzzle of the rife.
This is the worst form of crime against the
people. The public lands of the United Saates
are sacred heritage of all. They are more
than mere property; they are legacy to pos
terity, bought and consecrated by the blood
and valor and suffering Of the brave men who
have fought the countrys battles, and devoted
their lives to making her great and prosperous.
They are eonsecrated for homes, for roof trees
aud hearth altars Of all the millions who can
gath er upon and draw support from them.
The men who steal these away, who absorb
for themselves millions of acres that should
furnish food and raiment shelter, and the
means of education to hundreds of thousands,
commit an awful offense against the whole
body Of the people.
Secretary Teller's splendid crusade against
these shameless robbers viii be watched with
eager interest by the whole country.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE: WASHINGTON D. c. THURSDAY

parture in the correspondence from the National
Capital, by the publication of her "Woman's
Letters from Washington" in the New York
Independent. These gave her national reputa-
tion, and had a popularity never won by any
similar correspondence. She made this kind
of writing her profession, but it did not shut
her out from other work of more permanent
value. She wrote two novels of very high
order of excellence, and her occasional poems
were gems of song and feeling that found a
secure and permanent Judgement in the hearts
of all who read them.
A couple Of years ago she was united in mar
riage to Mr.. Hudson, the owner of the Capital,
of this city, and the union was an exceptionally
happy one.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
- - fssrE.

This weeks paper begins with graphic ac-
count by Gen. howara Of the sudden transfer
Of the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps from the
Army of the Potomac 70 the beleaguered Army
Of the C1mberiand-a q Stride Of . Giant Na-
poleon would ell II. Carleton tells Of the
causes which brought about McClellan's down
fall. and the accession Of Burnside to the coua-
nAnd. We have a wcIl-written account Of the
massacre Of the Nissouriang at ceDtraiia by
those inhuman raseals, who afterwards won
ingloriogs fame as snembers Of the James aud
Younger hands Of robbers. This is by long
ODDS much the best and fullest account Of
that horrible affair that has ever appeared
In print. 4 1nc account Of the capture Of Ar
kansas Post follows and the "reminiscences.
under the head Of " Fighting Them over" are
Of unusual variety and interest. Mrs. sher-
wood contributes q remarkably fne poem on
the gallant Ulric DshlgTen, whose fate has oc-
cupied 50 much Of our attention Of late. 1t is
tribute worthy OF Mrs sberwOod's genius,
and adds much TO the interest Of the number.
All the Departments in the paper are specially
good, and all this excellence we furnish or
Subscribers at
T,-o Ce.fo ~ III
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
Loss OF THE TALLApoosa.

The Navy Department owes it to the country
to Immediately begin rigid investigation of
the matter of the sinking of the Tallapoosa,
and to settle definitely where the blame lies
Present appearances are strongly against the
Commander of the Tallapoosa. His vessel was
a steamer, while the other was a sailer 1t
was his business TO keep out of the way. Fur
thermore, it is war-vessel's business to take
care of herself in emergencies that might
prove fatal to merchant vessels. They have
heavy crews for that purpose, and during
peaceful times these have no other business in
the world than looking out for their ship
There may be some excuse for a lack of proper
care by crew of a dozen or less on large coll
lier, but there can be little for $50 men on
trim man-of-war.
The matter is aggravated by the night being
clear and pleasant, and the water smooth So
far there does not appear to be the slightest
excuse for the collision.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT.

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ADDRESSES, RENEWALS, Eic.-Addresses sriu
Dc changed as often as desired, but each subscriber
zIotd ia cUcTy case giro c old SDc nec address,
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tabet on the lest paper receiUed, and specify any cor
socfions or changes uey desire made ia name or Gd-
dress
CORRESPONDENCE.-Co Correspondence Is solicited
from eDcrg section in regard 10 Grand army. PEN
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THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE,
Washington, ID. C.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
Spring.

IT IS true that % per cent. of our farm pro-
ducts are consumed at home now. We would
that they were all eaten by our own people;
that we had enough operatives and mill-hands
in this country to eat up every bushel of grain
and pound of meat that our farmers raise. It
costs on an average DO cents for the Minnesota,
Dakota, Kansas Iowa or Nebraska farmer to
send bushel of grain to England, where some
body can be found to buy and eat it, The
farmer has to pay this cost of transportation.
and it is deducted from his legitimate profits
If there were enough wheat-eaters in this eoun-
try to consume all the breadstufs raised, the
farmers would save the cost of carrying their
products across the ocean.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28

THE returns at the commercial agencies show
conclusively that the hard-times corner has
been passed in the business world, and the
commercial skies are frightening. The mum
Der of failures in the United States during the
past week was 2O8, against 26l for the previous
week, a most encouraging abatement in the
volume of disaster. About s5 per cent. of the
total number of failures reported were those of
small concerns whose capital involved was less
than 5000.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
A uNIouE VOLUME.

II. P. Hubbard, proprietor of the mammoth
international Newspaper Agency" at Hart
ford, Conn, has issued another of his unique
books. 1t is a Cosmopolitan Edition" of his
catalog, printed on paper made up from
newspapers received from over 100 different
countries, and printed in 80 different languages
The papers were received in the ordinary
course of business, and all of them contained
advertisements inserted by Mr.. Hubbard. The
book itself is a complete list of the very best
newspapers all over the world, with their age,
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
LIIE or GEN. LOGAN.

Every mail that comes into TIE NATToxA1.
TEIBUSE has scores of letters containing or
ders for copies Of : The Life Of Gen. Logan. y
OF applications for agencies. Everywhere the
book is selling splendidly. The fac-simile of
the flag OF the Fifteenth Corps on the cover
takes every old soldiers eye. and makes him a
purchaser. Comr~des or their sons, wives or
daughters who have secured agencies are all
making nice little amounts every day By the
sale Of The book
The National tribune., 1884-08-28

IT is q very dangerous concession to admit
that any class of producers of the worlds
staples have the right TO combine together to
limit the production and interfere with the
operations of the law of supply and demand
yet, if any are so justified, the petroleum pro-
ducers are in the action they have taken to
shut down on boring and pumping until prices
are moro encouraging than at present There
are already 40 million of barrels on top of the
earth-a quantity more than the world win
need, at the present rate of consumption, for
more than three years, and tho operators nat
urally feel that this is quite as muchas they are
called on to pay taxes, insurance, storage and
interest upon. The price is down to about 81
cents barrel, and it is certainly wrong to go
on pumping up this valuable product, and ex-
hausting the great reservoirs of the earth, when
many of the uses made of it are but little better
than wasting. All the oil stored up in the
underground caverns win some day be
urgently wanted, and it viii be crime against
posterity to squander the supply now. About
$50 firms and operatives have joined in the
agreement to close down, so that we may look
for an advance in the price of coal oil.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
A LOSS TO yvomANIxIND AND TO JOUR


The true self-respccting journalists of the
country, and the women everywhere, whose
hopeful look is for great enlargement of their
sex's circle of activity and influence, are
plunged in mourning by the death of Mrs
Hudson, known to we'll earned fame as Mary
Clemmer. Hers was one of the brightest and
purest intellects that ever graced the world of
letters, and she fought great battle, not for
herself alone, but for all women who want to
follow the careers that their abilities and their
inclinations point out to them. She was New
York girl, and early showed marked literary
talent which brought her the lifelong friend
ship of Samuel Bowles Chas. Sumner, and
those two sweet singers of our land, Alice and
Phebe Cary. She came to Washington the
year after the war, and inaugurated new de-
The National tribune., 1884-08-28

THE SOCIETY of the Army of the Cumber-
land has issued elegantly ngraved invitations
to the 10Th annual Reunion, which VIII be held
in Rochester, n. Y, Sept. II and 1s. The local
Executive Committee consists of Maj D. D. S.
Brown, Chairman; Col. John A. Reynolds, Col
B. L. Hovey, NJ. D., Maj. E. II. Pratt and Capt
W. w. Gilbert, with Lieut.-Col Edward s. Sill.
Secretary. The society's headquarters win be-
established at the PowelPs Fire-Proof Hotel,
where all members are requested to report
Immediately on arrival.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28

WE have considerable trade with China
which viii be affected by hostilities between
her and France But, like most of our foreign
trade the balance is on the wrong side. We sell
the country every year about $5O00,000 worth
of goods-mainly ginseng, cotton cloth, ma
chinery, and agricultural products, while we
buy from her from $2O,OOO,0OO to $23,OOO,OOO
worth year, of which about $190O0,O00 is
tea. That is, we sell her 81 worth Of the pro-
ducts upon which we make the least profit,
and pay her 81 in cash for things she sells to
us upon which the profit is great. England
manages, as usual, much better. She sells
China every year over 800, 100000 worth Of
goods-mostly those upon which English manu-
facturers make large profits, and takes several
millions of the silver we send to China to pay
for them. The French movement against
China is an attempt to give the French mer-
chants greater share in the immense trade OF
100000 coo people.
The National tribune., 1884-08-28
elusive lesson, and most people viii agree with

THE number Of pension certificates issued
and signed during the week ending Aug. Is,
1884,, were as follows: Original, 725; increase.
300; reissue, 379; restoration. So; duplicate, o;
accrued pensions, o; total, 1884