The Hawaiian gazette., 1884-10-22


Glanders may be either bred in the horse, on
communicated by cOutagion. What we haTe
farther 10 remark on this malady will be arranged
under these two heads.
Improper stable management we believe to be Al
far more frequent cTuse of glRnders than con
taqion The air which is necessary TO respiration IS
rhauped and empoisOned in its passage through
the lungs, and fresh supply is necessary for the
support OF life. That supply may be sufficient
barely TO support life, but not to prevent thel
yitiated air from again and again passing TO the
uurs and producing irritation and disease. Ihd
membrane Of the nose, possessed of extreme sen1
bility for the purposes of smell, Is easily irrifat
ed by this poison, and close and ill ventilated
stables oitenest witness the ravaces of CHAMBERS.
Among the causes of Clanders are want OF re-
-uIar exercise over-erertion, and the stimulating
and debilitating cordials administered by sense
less grooms.
Glanders are highly contagious. If the dis
charge from the nostrils Of glandered horse III
rubl,od on a wound or on a mucous surfaceI
ike the nostrils, IL will produce n similar dis
ease. II the division between two horses wertI
sufficiently high to prevent all smelling and snort
inc at each other, and contact of every kind, and
thew drank not cut Of the same pail. sound horse
might live for years, uninfected by the side Of n
riandered one. The matter OF glanders has been
mixed up INTO ball. and given to healthy horseI
without effect. Some horses have eaten the hay
left by those that were Clandcred, and no bad
consequence has followed but others have been
speedily infected The Glanderous matter must
come in contact with wound, OF fall on some
membrane, thin and delicate like that OF the nOseI
and through which it may be absorbed. II IS
easy, then, accustomed as horses are to be crowd
ed together, and to recognize each other by the
smell-eating out of the same manger, and drink
ING from the same pail-to imagine that tue dis
ease NAV be very readily communicated. One
horse has passed another when he was IN the act
Of snorting. and has become glandered. Some
flies have received the infection from the matter
blown by the wind across lane, when glander-
al ks,roa in thn Ia falI has claimed r.
quaintance by neighing or snOrting. II IS almost
Impossible for an injected horse 10 remain long in
stable with Others without irreparable mischief.
II some persons underrate the danger, 1t Is be
cause the disease may remain unrecognised IN the
infected horse for some months, or even years,
and therefore, when l. appears IT is attributed 10
other causes, or to after lnoculaton. No glander-
ed horse should be employed on any farm, nor
should glandered horse be permitted to work on
any road, or even to pasture on any field. He
should be destroyed.
In a we'll settled case of glanders il is not worth
while, except by way Of experiment at yeterina.
~ school, to attempt any remedies. The chances
OF cure are too remote, and the danger Of infec,
ton too great.
Worse than all, the man who attends on that
horse is in danger. The cases are now becoming
far too numerous in which the groom or the We
terinary surgeon attending on glandered horses
becomes infected, and in the majority of cases
dies.
FARCY.
Farcy is intimately connected with glanders
they will run into each other, or their symptoms
will mingle together and before either arrives al
its fatal termination its associate will almost
yariably appear. An animal inocculated with the
matter Of farcy will often be afflicted with gland
ers, while the matter of Elanders will frequently
produce farcy. They are different types or stages
Of the same disease. There is, however, a very
material difference in their symptoms and pro.
gress, and this most important one Of all, that
while glanders are generally incurable, tarcy, IN
hts early stare and mild form. be SucggSGful
y treated.
Few things are more unlike, or more perpleNing
than the different forms which farcy assumes at
different times. One of the legs and particular.
ly one of the hinder legs, suddenly swells TO an
enormous size. At night the horse will appear to
be perfectly well, and in the morning one leg will
be three times the size of the other with cOnsid-
erable fever and scarcely the power Of moving
the limb.
At other times the head will be subject to this
enlargement, the muzzle particularly will swell
and an offensive discharge will proceed from the
nose. Sometimes the horse Will Craduelly lose
flesh and strength: he will be hide. bound; many
eruptions will appear IN different parts; the legs
will swell; cracks will be seen at the heels, and an
inexperienced person may conceive 1t to be 4 mere
want Of condition, combined with grease.
Farcy has been cOnfounded with other diseases
but be must be careless or ignorant who mistOOB
sprain for it. The inflammation Is too circum.
scribed and too plainly connected with the joint
endon.
II may be readily distinguished from grease OF
swelled legs. In grease there is usually some
crack or scurhness, peculiar tCnsenCss and red
ness and Glossiness Of the skin, some lchoryus
discharge, and a singular spasnodic catching NJ
Of the leg.
In farcy the engagement is even more sudden
than that of grease. The horse Is well to-day, and
to morrow lie corged from the fet-lOck 10 the
haunch, and although there Is not the same Ied
ness, there Is great tenderness, burning heat in
the limb, aud much general fever. 1t is sim.
ultaneous inflammation of all the absOrbents OF