The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1884-03-06

giving due attention to this phase of
farm labor, but | think the time is
come when American farmers, New
England farmers, can no longer use
this excuse for unkempt, wasteful,
careless and inaItistic modes of farm
ing"
POSTURE OF FRUIT TREES.
The Northwest farmer says that Mr.
Edison Gaylord, of Floyd county,
Iowa, advocates setting trees in a
leaning posture, to prevent them
from being killed by the COM
bined effects of the wind and
sun on their southwest side. Prof. j.
L. Budd, of the Iowa agricultural
college. says, in confirmation of Mr..
Gaylord's view, he saw hundreds of
the finer cherry and palm trees in
Russia planted at an angle of forty
five degrees toward the one o'clock
sun. He says that only for short
time will trees thus set have an aWk-
ward appearance.
EARLY MATURITY.
In the matter of early maturity, the
following, from an exchange, is
much to the point The heifer that
is put in milk at or before two years
of age, and is generously and properly
| fed, makes the best producing and by
far the most profitable cow. What
the farmer wants is a race of cattle,
| the htifers of which shall uniformly
become cows at the age of two years,
and shall largely increase over the
| present average yield Of milk and
butter, and, when too old to be longer
profitable in the dairy, shall make
reasonable amount Of fair beef the
| steers of which can, by being well fed
on rich food, be pushed forward so
rapidly that at two years old they
shall be ready for market, and shall
produce from 800 to POO pounds of
valuable products.
SALVY BUTTER.
DIR. Hoskins, writing to the Mirror,
says that the causes of salvy butter
are overchnrning, either at too high or
too low temperature, over-working,
and handling it at any time when it is
too warm. Salvy butter is butter in
which the grain is destroyed by
these or any other errors in manufac-
ture. Butter that has lost it's grain
is greatly reduced in grade, even if in
every other way perfect. "Salvy"
and "waxy" are opposite in the tex
ture OF butter.
THE GOSPEL OF WORK.
Read and heed this, whatever your
age or condition in life: "Work ev-
cry hour, paid or unpaid, see only that |
thou work, and thou canst not escape |
thy reward. Whether thy work be |
fine or course, planting corn or writ |
ing epics, so only it be honest work,
done to thine own appreciation, it shall |
earn a reward to the senses as well as
to the thought. No matter how often
defeated, you are born to victory. The |
reward of thing well done is to have
done it."
STOCK FARMING.
Colonel Richard Peters, of Atlanta,
thinks that stock farming pays in |
Georgia. Last year he sold $500 |
worth of Angora kids, $500 worth of |
yearling Jersey bulls, $3.50 worth of |
Essex pigs, $500 worth of wheat, |
besides an unsold increase of focks |
and herds amounting to at least |
5000. His farm grows richer year |
by year, and the basis of its improve
ment is clover plowed under, roots |
and tops.
POLLS THE ORIGINAL BREED.
An ingenious writer in the Agri- |
cultural Gazette (England), argues |
that the Polled cattle are the original |
type: He cites the fact that all |
horned breeds produce at times pOlled |
cattle, thus showing a tendency to re-
vert to the original type. He thinks |
the horn is the result of feeding on |
soils that have superabundance of |
bone-forming material, and puts the |
date of the appearance of horns far |
back in the mythical past. He cites |
the fact that the Zebu has both the |
polled and horned forms, and that |
both forms appear in the Egyptian |
sculptures. He think the polled form |
is most common on the eastern shores |
Of England, because 1t comes from the
Baltic, and the original type has been
less disturbed than in England.
AMERICAN CATTLE GROWERS.
The greatest growers in the world
are in the United States, says the Dro-
ver's Journal. The Northwest Texas
Cattle Raisers' Association has re-
Gently been in session at Fort Worth.
The organization has membership of
223, who each own from 1000 to Co.
600 cattle, and represent a grand total
of 100000 cattle. There are several
members who can boast of the owner
ship of from 10000 to 10000 headS anil
fourteen who lay claim to over 20,
600. A striking instance of the profit
able nature of the ranching business
is furnished by the brothers Harold,
who went from Bloomington, ILL.,, =
the fall of 1875. The aggregate
their worldly possessions amounted to
$4,000. This sum they invested in
$500 cattle. Now they are the owners
of 10000 head and are worth at least
$1,500O,000. The largest ranch in the
state is that of Mr.. Charles Goodnight
at the head of Red River. He began
buying land only four years ago and
now he controls 100000 acres. To in
close his landed possessions 250 miles
of fencing is required. He has the
finest, though not the largest, herd of
cattle in Texas. His recent sale of
yearlings brought 500 per head, the
average price being SIS. The Mata-
dor Cattle company's ranch is another
immense property sold to company
of Scotch capitalists for 81 100000.