davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman weekly chronicle. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1883-1889, 1884-02-06

Imparts thorough and practical education
Of this institution are equal to any Of the
Eastern Commercial colleges. Rates Of tut
ton no higher than in good Eastern Colleges.
ton are used here as in the leading Bryant
and StrattOn Commercial Colleges in the
United states. PENMANSHP and BOOK
KEEPING a specially. Circulars giving rates,
course OF study, and other Information, will
be sent to any address on application TO
H. T. EsG!.LHGkE, or
l.. y. RAILSBAsk PrineIpals
The Bozeman weekly chronicle. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1883-1889, 1884-02-06

The Convention consumed two hours
Last night in Committee of the Whole on
General File No. 8. Article on Execu-
tive Department and upon the report OF
the committee, the convention has been
At work nearly all day upon the same,
but little change has been made in the
Printed File. The salary of Governor,
which has been placed at thirty-six hun.
dred dollars per annum, section IS pro-
viding that the Governor cannot be a
candidate for United States Senator was
stricken.
A number of able speeches were made
this morning, notably one by Mr.. Hunt,
of Choteau, which was considered fine
effort. There are not lacking in this
convention, men who can express them
selves ably and forcibly; men who are
earnest in framing constitution of which
the State of Montana will be proud. The
convention this afternoon resolved itself
into Committee of the Whole on Gen
eral File No. 8, Mr. Mccormick, of Mis-
soula, Chairman. The whole tenor and
effect of this file is to restrict or in other
words prohibit the contracting of public
indebtedness by state, county, city, town,
township or school district in any man.
ner whatever The people will have no
canse to complain that sufficient guaran-
= tees of protection are not provided, for
General File No. 9 has passed through
Committee of the Whole without any
material change from the printed file
and consideration will follow on General
File Nos. II, -, and Is. The, first pro-
viding that no officer of this state or any
county or municipality shall receive
pass from railroad. The second, that
there shall be no distinction in citizen
ship on account of sex. The third, pro-
viding that the legislation shall enact
suitable laws to prevent destruction by
fire from railroad locomotives or any
other cause, etc. No. u was reported
back to the convention, that it do not
pass. the same fate will follow No. IL.
Idesire in this convention to acknowl-
edge the receipt Of the memorial from
citizens of Bozeman asking that an article
be incorporated in the constitution pro-
viding that the General Assembly nor
any county, town, city, ETC., shall ever
make any appropriation or pay from any
public funds, whatever, anything in aid
Of any church Of sectarian purpose, ETC.,
has been fully covered in General File
No. 4, relative to education and has been
adopted, and no doubt will become part
of the constitution. The mail is about to
close and 80 must I. L.
The Bozeman weekly chronicle. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1883-1889, 1884-02-06

A telegram dated Jan. 9th, says that
the public lands committee of the house
will take t the Northern Pacific land
grant quee N on Tuesday next They
will then ar arguments of attorneys on
behalf oft company. Robert Harris
and Col. G y will probably be before the
committee It seems to be the policy of
the comm; tee and Of the house to for
felt all rail ad grants Of roads not yet
completed, md it is very likely the COM
mittee wi report, recommending the
forfeiture that part of the Northern
Pacific gra where the road is uncom-
pleted. G. imam Cobb and two or
three othe members Of the committee
will insist nat congress clearly has the
right and ght to declare the grant for
feited on cline Of the road not compile
ted in the tae required bv law Con-
gresham ytait of Minnesota, a member
of the CON ,ittee, makes different view.
He says if 'onsres5 should do this man
who has 81 sled upon the land, with the
idea of p chasing from the company
would, i'm ediately upon the passage of
the act of r neress, file upon the land
He would )e encouraged to entail upon
himself W suit, in which he would be |
beaten, be- .use Mr.. Strait did not think !
the supreme court would hold that any
lands open before the forfeiture is de-
clared by the act of congress, belonged to
the company. The settler would thus be
forced into an expensive suit, and lose
his lands besides. Mr.. Strait says that it
is question in his mind whether it
would not be proper and just for con-
gress, instead of declaring an immediate
forfeiture Of the grant, to pass law pro-
viding that if the company has not COM
pleted the road-say within one or two
years-the grant shall be declared for
feited and the land allowed to revert to
the United States He thinks that such
bill would be as just to the people, as to
The company. Congress had allowed the
company to 90 on, year after year, and
earn the land, knowing that it had been
to them, and knowing that the
courts had decided that any of the land
hat were earned after the time had
elapsed for the completion of the road
belonged to the company. He SAYS that
'e regards it as no more than right to
1--WE the company still further time in
which to complete the road before final
deciding to declare their grant for
sited.
The Bozeman weekly chronicle. (Bozeman, Mont.) 1883-1889, 1884-02-06

| read.
Section II defines the jurisdiction o
the district courts.
Section u provides that the state shall
be divided into judicial districts, in each
(which judge shall be elected to pre-
side over the same, and whose term o.
office shall be four years, except as other.
wise provided in the constitution.
Section IL is as follows:
Until otherwise provided by law, said
districts shall be four in number, and
! continued as follows:
First District-The counties Of Beaver
head, Madison. Gallatin and Jefferson.
Second District-The counties of Mis-
soula, Deer Lodge and Silver Bow.
Third District-The counties of Lewis
and Clarke, Choteau, and Meagher.
Fourth District-The counties of Gus
ter, Dawson and Yellowstone.
Section II provides that the legislature
may, by a two-thirds vote, increase the
number of judicial districts.
Section Is. Writs of error and appeals
may be allowed from the decisions Of the
said district courts to the supreme court,
under such regulations as may be pre-
scribed by law.
Section 16. No person shall be eligible
to the office Of judge of the district court
unless he be at least twenty-five years of
age and citizen of the United States,
and shall have been admitted to practice
law in the supreme court of the state of
Montana; nor unless he shall have resid-
ed in this state at least two years next
preceding his election, and at the time of
his election be resident of the district
for which he is elected.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02

other the majerity of crops will fall I'M
der rather than 90 over this, while Il
! the same soil and with the same cultiva.'
tion three or four times this amount can
be raised OF roots, and with artichokes
or turnips five or six times the number
Of bushels can be raised and with even
less cultivation.
The trouble Of putting away may be
something over the expense Of shocking
and cribbing corn, but in the increased
number of bushels that can be raised
per acre will doubly pay for this, but
the larger number of bushels that can
be raised per acre is not the only adj
vantage. Every farmer knows that too
much corn is unhealthy. Stock, to keep
in the best thriving condition, require O
change, and roots furnish this at a very
low expense. In fact, Eastern farmers
find it more profitable to feed largely of
roots, saving their corn as a change or
supplemental feed and to finish off their.
stock for market. For growing stock,
roots are much better and much cheap
err than corn Or oats, and by feeding
largely of them the cost of the stock at
maturity is much less than if fed upon
corn alone, besides giving thriftier and
healthier stock and giving the farmers
more corn to spare to finish off hogs fol-.
market. 3-.s5 , -: .5s @~%Asa q
Try small plat this year. Keep an
account of the cost Of raising and the
value as feed, and in this way determine
tor Yourself if it is not more profitable
to raise roots for stock feed.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
Varied Agricultural Notes,

I Az Farms implements, when occasionally
brushed over with crude petroleum,
will last longer and be protected from
changes OF weather when exposed. a!
fa Tree worship among the ancisnts had
most imp rtant influence on the pres
eryasion Of forests in circumseribed
places Beautiful groves, which would
Otherwise have been sacrificed on the
ALTAR 81 Immediate utility, were pre-
served by the religious respect for trees.
Milwaukee Sentinel. vi.
There is no use in cleaning you,r
/ poultry houses unless you burn your
Old nests. They will harbor more Of
the various kinds OF poultry parasites
{ than syuu can ever exterminate with q
Whitewash brush.
It Is all important to give early chicks
some flesh cnt very finely, such as beet,
bacon or mutton. Nothing seems So
delicious to them as these occasional
/ meals, which they swallow with great
ayiidiity
An enemy OF the grape in the form
SSoS grape-seed grub has been discor-
red The eggs are deposited BY 4
4 araalI black ay npon the skin 81 the
grape, and the young grubs work their
AY into tile immature seeds soon after
tclnng The infested Huit usually
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
Values in the Time Of Henry VIII.

In the part of the sixteenth century,
just before the Reformation, tho ounce
Of silver was was worth s.. 3D., or, in
other words, the shilin 6 of Henry VIII.
was In intrinsic value 1.55 the modern
coin. The wages Of an ordinary labor
er were GID per day.. The rents of
cottages varied from 2s. Sd. to As. per
annum. Six. or eight days labor =. was,
therefore, sufficient to; pay the years
rent. AT the present day, taking an
agricultural laborer's wages ct ISIS. a
week, and cottage rent ct Is. week,
e5 a year, it requires 40
days labor to pay the yearly rent.
No doubt the cottages at that time;
were mere novels; but I fear large
number at the present day are little
better. About the same period wheat.
was IS. Sd. per quarter, the price of a,
pig IS. 3D., and Of COW los. >. A labor
.er earning gid. a day, or IS. Sd. per
week, could purchase quarter Of wheat
with a. fortnight's labor, which would
now require three weeks, or pig with
one weeks work. which would certainly
now require the labor Of three. Lsay-
ing out of view the cost Of clothing and
Of the higher Agreements which mod
:ern habits require, there can be no doubt
chat the common people before the
Reformation enjoyed an amount of rude
plenty which has never since been
equaled--Notes and Queries. ss5s
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
O'CONNELL's DUEL,
An Eyewitness Describes tho Death o.
b'Esterre. Pc :

~ <aSVSEISs
An account Of the famous duel. in
which the celebrated Irish orator and
lawyer shot his antagonist dead, is given
to the new Boston paper, Every Other
Saturday. 1t will be remembered that
OConnell, although indul ging often in
the most severe Alta ks on others, de-
eined dueling, and publicly ayowed
this determination. This gave rise to a
charge of cowardice--in ireland very
rare and very detrimental accusation.
He was In fact c, man of great personal
courage, and showed it on the occasion
referred to. A gentleman named
d'Esterre endeavored to fasten a
quarrel OH him, and he vainly endeav-
ored to avaid an encounter. The I'M
fortunate D'Esterre paid for his per-
verseness with his life, and the still
more unfortunate O'Connen expiated
his moral tin1idity, in not refusing the
duel, with much mental anguish to his
death. There is no doubt that he most
reluctantly engaged in the combat
He was the father of seven children, and
it was an alternative Of life or death
with him, D'Esterre being reputed all
unerring marksman. An account of
the duel was given by Charles Phillips,
the celebrated Irish orator who recent
ly died.
'Being one Of those who accompanied
O'Donnell, he beckoned me aside to a
distant portion ola very large field,
which had slight covering of snow
'Philips,' said he, this seems to me not
personal but a political affair. I am
obnoxious to party, and they adopt n
false pretenso to cut me off I shall
not submit to it. They have reckoneA
without their host, I promise you. I
am one OF their best shots in Ireland at
a mark, having, as a public man,
considered it duty to prepare for my
own promotion, against such unpro-
voked aggression as the present. Now,
remember what I say to you. I may be
struck myself, and then skill is out of
the question; but if am not my antag
onist may have cause to regret his hav
ing forced me into this conflict The
the ground, at, think, twelve PAGES
distance, each having case OF pistols,
with directions to fire when they chose
after given signal. D'Esterre rather
agitated himself by making a short
speech, disclaiming all hostility to his
Roman Catholic countrymen, and took
his ground somewhat theatrically cross
ing his pistols upon his bosom. They
fired almost together, and instantly on
the signal. D'Esterre fell, mortally
wounded. There was the greatest self
possession displayed by both. It
seemed to me duty to narrate those
details in O'Connell's lifetime whenever
I heard his courage questioned, and
justice to his memory now prompts
me to record them here.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
Personal Paragraphs.

] OHe OF Elo causes OF MILF. 0argent5
unpopularity at Berlin is said to have
been his difficulty in addressing state
officials by their full titles, as etiquette
sternly requires. When he received q
call one day from the accountant of the
bureau where the state nebts are paid,
and read upon his card the title of q
Staatsschrldenzahl ungscasebuchhalter
the poor man lost his equani1nity al
together.
When Charles Dickens Was III Ameri
ca for the first time he dined at tn
house OF one of the Harper brothers,
the well-known publishers. A little
Harper came to. the table. Dickens
| placed him on his knee, and said: "You
are very fine boy; you are very fine
boy, indeed; you are the sou Of the
greatest pirate on earth"
Rev. Phillips Brooks, while making
! call upon one of the ladies of his church
the other day, was made the recipient
OF a doubtful compliment. The ladys
little son stood by her side for some
time, very attentive and very quiet. At
last he broke out "Mr. Brooks, Ishould!
| think Mr.. Barnun would want you!"
Really" laughed Mr.. Brooks, *and
why?" because I think you'd make
such lovely giantr'
Those who have ever had the good
| fortune to hear Mr.. Alf ". Burnett, the
elocuticnist, recite the poem Bring
den on the Rhine" will never forget
either HIM or the poem. He often
brought tears to "eyes unused to
weep" And now the sad news comes
from Cincinnati that Mr.. Burr stt died
suddenly at Cincinnati of ap-
oplexy, at 60 years of age. He was q
great hearted gentleman, q fine scholar,
and full Of genuine wit and humor.
On regent occasion when King Os-
car, while in the Norwegian capital, de-
sired to meet his Swedish Ministers in
cabinet council, he took train from
Christiania: and when just across the
boundary met his ministers, took them
into his private carriage, and with the
train speeding over Swedish ground held
a council then and there. It is, say the
Swedish papers. probably the only in
stance on record Of a kings having pre-
sided over q council of his ministers on
q railroad train.
Matthew Arnold's lecture on Ralph
Waldo Emerson, which disturbed the
people Of Boston, has been delivered at
the Royal Institution Of london since
his return, and has provoked hostile
criticism there. The London Vanity
Fair says: "The lecture was reeled off
in yawning, lazy: indolent fashion. tt
was only interesting because from some
kind of critical impudence Mr.. Arnold
had had the bad taste to deliver it at
Boston to those who reverence the mem
DRY Of the gentle New England ptlilo-
sopher-poet. The lecture broughtsthe
sage of Oxford into anything but good
repute. Where not dull the lecture was
a tissue Of captious contempt rather
than analyt criticism"
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02

not mince pie OF plum ding The
head should be kept cool but tthe feet
warm. Toasting the feet before the fire.
was not approved 4 q foot bath is prefer
able. Shlmber may often be caused BY
q gentle friction Of the limbs. The,
BARRIERS operations are usually most.
soothing here is an unacc0untables
prejudice against night air.
Se The Bedroom should be kept cool and,
the air fresh, but The open window
should not permit the wind TO blow
upon the sleeper. Too much lothing
will prevent sleep. A bed should be
carefully arranged; it should be even,
without ridges. We are half an inch
shorter at night than we are in the
morning, caused by an extension Of the
spine and muscles. Tea and coffee
should be avoided by light sleepers.
The speaker suggested that person
might also coax the soporife god by
thinking Of the names of islands or riv-
ers, each beginning with q different let
ter Of the alphabet. @sEs ~ 4
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
rved with cream when 4 spoon

served with cream, when 4 spoon is
used.
The guests should never help them
selves to the dessert on the table, ns 1t
is. there for effect onl
8 In q Dime here wine is IS properly
served, You Will find at your plate. q
small Wine-glass for sherry to 60 with
the fish, q larger glass for claret with
the roasts, an equal Y large one, usually
OF tinted glass, for the sauternes served
later in the meal, and q delicate tumbler
Tor champagne OF the end. At all din
ners, formal and Informal, it is proper
for you, as soon after the meal is fairly
under way, to, catch your hosts (or
hostess) eye, and drink their health.
A set form Of words is no longer neces-
sary in drinking such q health a rather
ceremonious raising Of the glass and
inclination Of the head suffices. It is
no longer the fashion for gentlemen to
drink together, either at dinner; or des-
sert Ladies' are not supposed to take
more than one glass Of any variety.
Should they so prefer it would be indie
corous to help themselves. IF the SER
Want does not anticipate her wants, she
should call tho attention of her escort
to the neglect. . -
About ten minutes after the servants
have. loft the room the hostess will give
the signal for the ladies to withdraw
The ladies Will earelessly throw their
napkins on the table at the left: of the
plate, or ON the scat Of the CHAIR. as it is
the custom in English circles The gen
tlenaen rise and remain standing at their
chairs until the last lady has quilted the
room. The gentleman seated nearest
the door OF quickest Of movement will
open the door and close it after them
The after dinner wine is claret of SUPPER
ior qaulity and not dinner claret. The
ladies take coffee in the drawing room,
and the gentlemen are served ofterward
at table
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
Cultivate tho Sunf1nwAr.

How to cultivate the sunfower is to Id
by a writer in the Rural Home, as fol-
flows: The Mammoth Russian is the
largest, best and most productive yarie-
ty, and should be planted the same as
corn, leaving one stalk in the hill. You
can begin planting early in the spring,
and continue until the last OF June, but
the earlier they are planted the larger
they will grow. raised heads last
year from twelve to twenty two inches
in diameter. They averaged one quart
OF seed to the head. It will yield more
grain per acre than corn, and of more
value. The average yield is sixty to
one hundred bushels per acre. From a
half acre I raised eight wagon loads Of
heads that I gathered in the fall, be-
sides what I fed. l began to feed my
poultry sunfower seed the 18th Of
August; it is the best egg producing
food known for poultry. They eat
it greedily, fatten we'll on it, increase in
eggs. It is fully recommended by
poultry-breeders who have tried it as
an excellent aud cheap food for fowls.
1t keeps them healthy, prevents chicken
cholera, and should be fed to laying hens
three times a week For show birds
on exhibition, short diet of sunfower-
seed gives their feathers an extra glossy
coat. During cold weather the seed
serves hesame purpose as oil In lamps,
and furnishes fuel to keep up the ami
NAL heat. I feed one gallon to 40 hens,
per week, all the season. twill grow
on almost any soil where fruits and
grain willnot grow; along side of fences
Or any place where the soil is not SO
easily cultivated. planted 0 low piece
of ground last year that, was hard and
lumpy. In the fall the ground was mel
low as a garden, as the large leaves
absorb the moisture from the soil and
leave it valuable for other crops.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
Roots FOR STOCK.

Tie majority Of western farmers hare
yet to learn that roots, such as carrots
parsnips ,beets and turnips can be raised
much cheaper than corn and oats, andwill
yield q larger crop per acre, and VIII
furnish q large amount Of excellt n t stock
feed at the lowest price. Germ, oats
and hay are the principal dependence
Of the western farmers, and they make
the hest OF stook feed, whether fed alone
OF Isl connection with other material,
hut they are also high priced when com
pared with roots
i do not think Il nisstate the facts
when / say FIFTY bushels of either cornor
oats IS considered 50 very fine CROP, ii
fact, = believe taking one year with an
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-05-02
Douglas Lincoln Story.

Senator Douglas, who served in the
Black Hawk war with President Lin-
coin, used to tell good story about
"Old Abe's" military exploits. He en-
listed in cavalry company, which start
ed off in fine spirits to engage in the
fray. Arriving at q point On the prairie
about two hundred miles from the in
dian lines, the party bivouacked for the
night, picketed their horses, and slept on
their arms. The method of picketing
their horses was that in common use
fastening huge rope, some eighty feet
in length, to stake firmly planted, and
then using smaller lines of considerable
length, one end attached to the animals
neck and the other to the main rope.
During the night the sentinel imagined
he saw the Indians and immediately
discharged his old fusae, The camp
was aroused in an instant and each
sprang to his saddle. sold Abe" shot
out in the darkness on his charger like
lightning, until the ropes "hove taut. ;"
when over he went, horse and himself,
headlong. Thinking himself cought in
an Indian ambush, he gathered up,
mounted, and putting spurs to his horse
took the opposite shute, but soon
brought up as before, horse and rider
tHmbling headlong sold Abe" got up,
thinking he was surrounded, and shout
ed: Gentlemen Indians, I surrender
without a word / have not word to
offer. All I want is quarter. = Ben;
Perley Poore. 81
The vicious old theory that a young
man must SOW his wild oats before set.
Ting down to the steady business Of life
seems to be falling, into disrepute. The
Pail Mall Gazette says Of performance
Of The School for Scandal = In that
comedy Sir Oliver Surface compares
the youth who is free from follias and
wees to q young tree choked by the
parasitic ivy, and expresses his prefer
enee for theman who has had his fling. !
This sentiment was couohed ia language
and delivered in q manner which rarely
fails to call down q house, but there
was almost blank silence on Saturday,
although the actors did not appear to
have cause to complain Of q hearty re-
ceptlon IN other respects
The jury il tho case Against Nh. Gronin for
the murder of Stevens, the Illinois Central line
repairer, who was on trial st Wayerly, Iowa
as reported in the dispat ches agrsed upon i
verdict acqnitting her. The verdict q ad-
yersely comm entad upon, the general feeling
being that sne shonid have been found guilty
of manslaughter s.S IS