Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1884-05-10

Mr.. G. Henry Horstman, e. S. consul at Nu-
remberg, has sent to the Secretary of State a
report on the subject of Bavarian breweres and
their product. in which he gives an interesting
account of the history of the origin of beer, and
the first breweries established in Bavaria.
The origin of beer, says Mr.. Horstman, like
that Of many of the best institutions of this
world, is lost in the gray mists of antiquity. 1t
Is supposed to have been known to the early
Egyptians, but no mention is made of it in the
Bible. fine mind must have conceived that in
a combination Of hops and malt, neither of which
is palatable, one of the most delicious bever-
ages should come to light. Like many other
great inventions. it probably was the result Of
chance. Old German traditions attribute its
origin to King Gambrinus, a legendary hero,
whose fame was further exalted by his person.
ally testing to his full capacity the merits of his
own invention. Centuries ago it was considered
a "godlike gift" and the earliest breweries
were founded by monks Of various ORDERS and
those pious men knew as well what was good
for the palate as for the soul. To the present
day some of the very best beer that is brewed
is produced in the cool vaults Of
THE MONAsTERIEs.
Breweries existed in Bavaria previous to the
founding of the city Of Munich, in 115S, but up
to the fifteenth century the principal drinks of
the Inhabitants were mead, the Tyrolean, italian
and Bavarian Wines One Of the first brewerIes
was established at Weihenstephan, in 1146, by
the Bishop Of Pressing. In 1926 there was a
court brewery, which was the property Of the
crown. In 1870 there were but three breweries
in Munich, and two centuries later there were
ffty-three. In the sixteenth century wheat
beer was introduced from Bohemia, which was
at first very popular. 1t soon began to be con-
sidered unwholesome, and its manufacture was
Grnf khn ,hnnt oarrra
were taken to restrict the brewing Of white
beer, which proved failures until the Duke Of
Bavaria assumed the sole right to brew it, and
established the white beer brewery, which exists
to the present day. There are 5, 4S2 breweries
In Bavaria or little more than
ONE TO EACH THOUSAND
Inhabitants. In Munich, where the large es-
Establishments have swallowed up the smaller,
there are 90 breweries, the largest using 1854 900
gallons of beer yearly. In Europe there are
about 40 600 breweries, producing nearly seventy
five million barrels. OF this quantity Baravia
should be credited with about nine million
barr barrels: The process OF cold fermenta-
18th century. In Bavaria beer is brewed
only from September to the middle of April
Part Is consumed In the winter, after short stor-
age. and Is called winter beer. and the re-
mainder, for which more malt and hops are
used, is kept In the cellar till the summer
months.
THE CONSUMPTION OF BEER
The report contains table showing the an
nual average consumption Of beer per capita in
different countries Bavaria stands first, with
$50 quarts; Wurtemberg next, with 225 quarts;
then comes Belgium, 165; England, 1876; Baden,
20; North Germany, 65; Denmark, So; Alsace-
Lorraine, SO; United States IS: Netherlands 40:
Switzerland, 81; Austria Hungary, 80; Norway
30, France, IS; Sweden, %, and Russia, f.