Morning journal and courier., 1884-12-12

grade of service. The court was not called upon to determine the law in case of fellow servants, but set aside the old common law rule in cases where the employees are not in the same grade of service"
 The Thomas Iron company of Pennsy1- vania has contracted for forty thousand tons of pig iron at SIS for No. and ST for No g. This is due to the competition of southern irons, which have been sold at about $1 per ton less than the Leh1gh brand The nomi- nal price of pig iron has been from $19 to SIS. 90 for No. l, so that the price made by the Thomas company is the bottom of the market, reached by decline of from $1 to $1. 50 per ton. The price is the lowest for the year, and for many years since 1879. The price of steel rails has also dropped, sales having been made by mills at S27 per ton. At the beginning of the year steel rails
 brought $35 per ton, and No. 1 pig iron $20.50 to $21 per ton, with some fancy brands st $22 Steel rails have in fact sold lower during 1884 than even before
 A Baltimore baby seems to be entitled to the prize for toughness. This baby, who AA44O 411OhbLS JUL, WAS III US uOIu0T 5 arms when she was alarmed by fire ln the rear of her house. Hastily wrapping the nursling up in heavy quilt so it should not catch cold by the momentary exposure, she ran with it across alley into neighbor's house, and laid it on the bed while she re- turned and attempted to save some of her furniture. The wind was high, and before LY1a- fba bad Lol to the house in which the baby lay on bed. A fireman fighting his way into the room discovered bundle of what he thought was clothing lying on the bed in flames. He seized it and flung it carelessly out of the window. It fell into puddle of water in the street below, which extinguished the fire. There it lay, underfoot, while excited speeta- tors and fremen tramped over and around. When the fire was under control and the hubbub had partially subsided, some one heard vigorous yell proceeding apparently from the bundle. Picking it up, he undid it and found the baby inside, naturally indig- nant at his treatment, but otherwise in as good condition as before the fire broke out
 Californiars object to the Supreme court decision in the case of Chew Heong because it opens the way to the admission of all Chinamen who are willing to swear falsely, and the opinion of those who know them best is that Chinaman has no objection to deceiving the Melican man by false oath. The act of 1882, and the more stringent act passed in 1884, practically excluded from the country all Chinese except those who could show customs certificate to prove that they had once dwelled in the United States and were returning to their homes here. Chew Heong left the United States after the treaty was ratified, and returned without a certificate after the act of 1882 was passed. He was denied entry to the country, but the Su- preme court holds that he is entitled to ad- mission. This allows, of course, all China mon who were in the country during the eighteen months between the ratification of the treaty and the first restriction act to go and come at pleasure. Justice Field, in his dissenting opinion, says that the Supreme court decision practically nu1iifes the acts of Congress, and admits any and every China man, on the testimony of any other China man that the applicant was residing in the United States when the treaty was made
 In an interesting letter the other night Superintendent McAllister, of Philadelphia, discussed the question, "When and how should the education of children begin!' and what he said is well worth attention. The child, he said, first comes in contact with the world through it's senses Education should, therefore, begin through and by the training of the senses and lead upward to the educa- ton of the intellectual and moral faculties. Activity is the great law which regulates child life, and Froebels principle was that all education should be based self-activity of the child. No one has more strenuously insisted upon this than our Emerson, who left few questions untouched by his subtle intel lect. What Froebel did, however, was to show how the intellectual activities of childhood should be organized. Laying hold of the child's tendency to play, he in vented various games the purpose of which is to regulate the natural and instinctive activ- ity of the limbs and senses, that the ends of nature may be attained. When more ad- vanced stage of the child's education is reach ed the will is awakened, and this instinctive activity becomes conscious action, which by and by grows into productive action or work. This is what is meant by the cardinal principle of kindergarten culture-that all learning consists in doing. It is this which places the kindergarten methods in antagonism to the methods which still largely obtain ill the primary schools. The new education de 1 mands that the knowledge of things shall precede the knowledge of words, and that the mind shall be allowed to unfold and rip en through it's own observation and think. I ing.