New-York tribune., 1884-11-13
HOW 4 GREAT INDUSTRY AROSE.

From The Paper World
The civil war had not long been i'm progress
when it nearly extinguished the cotton flour sack
facture but necessity truly the mother
of invention than the war was the cause of the making of
the paper flour sack at that time Cotton was not king
had been written the length and breadth OF
the land paper was found to be substitute better and
cheaper than cotton itself As energetic as the firm OF
Arke smitls had been in extending their business at
the start they still had unused resources of mind and
energy to attack the paper problem and bring it
highly successful solution.
From 1863 ls65 the manufacture and trade in cot
ton sacks had almost wholly dried up and this firm see
ing clearly that its business fraying down to
than ri,s sged edge, commenced series experiments
in several paper mills to produce a paper of the
requisite tog ghness and tensile strength bear the
abrasion and strain incident to the transportation
OF flour. The paper grocery bag then just coming
into use, but the paper of which it and is still made
useless for anything except the ghtest contents
and for the shortest transportation Every known and
available fibre was tesed-Austraan and Spanish grass
es, Canadian wild rice straw, Kentucky hemp Northern
ax Hindu jute, MANILA linen waste and many others
No material gave such strength as the MANILA used in
the manufacture of rope and corage. This material,
however, was SO obduratc and knking that the first
sheets OF paper made from 1t would roll
themselves up as snug as watchspring
mechanical castigaton that this conrariress
This paper was found 10 have surprising tensile
strength, for inch ribbon of sustained weight OF
100 pounds soue of the bag paper now made 1t strong
enough to hold toward 200 pounds on an inch ribbon
The same sized strip OF cotton sack cloth gives way at
Manila however, was found costly being worth in
those days 10 cents pound IN gold with gold at 2l0
and required two pounds OF the bre, exclusive Of the
chemicals, to make pound Of paper. Manila could
ting the fibre was excessively cheap. the distance
OF the transportation from the Philippine Islands
could not be shortened and the material was too
expensive for an economical paper mater
ial Ii not long, however. before 1t was
found that old MANILA rope that had been used in rig
gng on water craft had all the requisite strength and
was cheap enough, while large part of the scki-
OF the new fibre worked out OF 1t by the usage
So the old rope that papermakers had hitherto consid
cred nuisance and thrown away, utilized FOR the
paper Hour sack
THIS manila stock is made into the desired paper by
peculiar process OF fetng The rope is cut into lengths
OF three or four inches and beaten while dry into
mass that looks like the hair OF mattress II Is then
boiled In lime water beaten for hours In great
Founders whose iron ribs comb out the iDres without
mashng them, and then by one step after another,
1t Is carried floating In water To the lace OF
revolving wires, where IL Is sucked up against
their moving faces, all woven, tangled and interaced
and so passes upon continuous moving belt OF nannel
where another soppy sheet made In the same way
joins It, and the two beginning TO unite ar passed
under and a long double row OF steam calenders
when squeeze the water. dry and pack the hbres
tightly together TIL at last the hairy yooking pulp that
surged at end Of the machine like foamy sea Is
rolled up the other end in big drums of paper weighing
45O pounds to the roll.