Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1884-02-15
GNTx AND RECORD AND FARMER FRIDAY

But II tho pupaton follows the storing Of the
fruit, then the discovery Of the retreat Of the
Larvae for their pupatiou should give us the
means for their destruction.
The insect has already become a serious
pest. II threatens to increase in number and
TO extend its injuries to other states, whore II
now exists but has not yet learned to prey
upon cultivated apples. As IL is Mt present n
! local pest il should be carefully studied by
those who have the opportunity Of observing
IL. The following points should be determin-
ed Are the eggs of the fly distributed over
tho apple, or placed only near the calyx end
DO the larvm occur in apples which have not
been perforated by the apple-worm2 How
| long are the larvm in completing their growth
How do they leave the fruit-by several holes
through the skin, through q single hole, or
only when the apple has become broken
down from decay? When entering the
ground for pupation, to what depth do they
bury (oan this be ascertained by giving them
a box containing a few inches Of earth for
buriaD Are the early and late fruits SINH
larly attacked2 During what months and
| portions Of months arc larvtu to be found in
apples Are the puparea Che brown oval
case containing the pupa, for a figure of
which by Prof. Comstook see the Report of
the Commissioner of Agriculture for the year
1881, pl. Il, fig. p to be found at the bottom
of apple barrels, or bins in cellars, or be.
| tween the slaves or boards II Mr. June
and others equally interested, have at their
command all that is required to return cor
rect replies to these questions, will make such
contribution, we promise in return TO indi.
cate means by which this frequent destruc-
ton Of their apple crops may be very mate
rally lessened.
1t will be observed that have given a
! qualified identification of the insect which is
destroying Mr. June's apples-all that am
able to do without tho examination of speci.
mems or fuller information than that given in
| the inquiry. This is necessarily so for the
reason that there appears to be another spe-
cies of fly which attacks and Injuries apples
in very much the Same manner as the apple
maggot. Dr. Packard in his Guide to the
| Study of Insects (page 1l4) mentions it as a
Dr0S0phild, and Mr. Saunders has included it
in bis volume on "Fruit Insects" as DrOsO.
| phild-? (page 1879 giving the figure of the
fly and its putdTum, together with brief
notice Of its habits II is stated to be doub-
lie brooded and the pUpd1id arc to be found
during the winter in tho bottom of apple
barrels. Several notices have appeared of
this insect in different journals, in some Of
which there is reason to believe that its dep
relations have been COMPOUNDED with those of
the Trypctd.
There is still another species of fly, the
larva of which IL often found in considerable
numbers within nm apple, causing the interi-
or, while the outside appears fair, to be
''changedtoa dullyellowish spongy substance
resembling dried apple, with deep assures or
sinuses running through it," It was first do
scrbed by DR.. Fitch in his second report on
the Insects of New York (Reports and II,
1856, PIP. 252 2j4) as the apple nudge Ndl0.
bIuS mali 1t is more known as Sciai mali,
and is a member of the family of Mycetoph-
lede, which has place next, and is closely al
lied to the CecidomyidG, containing the wheat
and clover mdges and the Hessiau fly The
Larvae and pupU of the species need not be
mistaken for either of the two preceding, the
larva being long, slender, shining glossy
white, and without tubercles, and the pupa
not hidden within an outer case, but distinct
ly showing the wings and legs of the future
fly and remaining within the fruit. More.
over, it is said to occur only in association
with the Cdrp0cdpSa, apple-worm the hole
through which this lsrva, when mature, had
left the apple for pupation, being used by the
matured Serial flies for their escape.