New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1884-08-31
PEANUTS.
FROM THE SAND TO THE CIRcrs ,.r,,.
no" THEY ARE CULTIVATED. HAryrsry, 49,.
PREPARED POR THE Covsrv,,n ~

ton OF the MAXIM, No great loss without .o IVA
gam Is found In the history OF the peanut A a
o'"century ago tue peanut was to great extent -
ury over the greater part OF the Union The mat,
who brought his girl TO town for the ciro,.
city youth who took HIS cheap and lofty seat IN ~ We
tire, thought their treats deficient unless thew a-
peanuts-by no means an every day indulgence
IKE oysters inland. this fruit takes It's place w.
commonest OF edbles "A rssnlt due almost who,l. '
ciVli war ana one OF the new Developments In sou,bss
agriculture. 'Deia
Formerly Eastern North Carolina produced all tina
nuts grown in tho United States, and called !, ="
"gOobers." There IL story Of North Caron, I'm
in the Confederate army EnIch early In the war s'
into NOrthern Virginia. Marching along one "A, "
hungry as usual these men came upon a field a, o,.
something none Of them had ever seen before and 49,,
taking It for peanuts they broke ranks Leaned tho
and began tearing up the roots 81 the plant Bitte,
their dsappointmcnti and ever ancrward the regi,s
went By the name Of goober grubjer." The Ed,
solder' who had Known peanuts only q, holiday ,,.,
found them In quantities in certan.fcglons and acon,,
a new enjoyment Of them. Wlen they went home ,b,s
demanded them Of the dealers who found that thu ,
was not large enough to supply the demand
IT. difficult TO get anything with promptnes, an, o.,
! North Carolina. But the Nirgniaus are anieker -,
began 10 meet the call by widening their llttle 60,
patches into great fields. Now two-thiri. Of t,o ,a
and quarter millions Of bushels expected of tb r.,.
crop will come from the OH Dominion rhe eon.o,'
engaged arc southampton Nansemond. Isle Of VIII,
surry Sussex. Prince George, Princess Anne goucs.
! Norfolk, and, 10 a lcss degree. Warwick and Cla.
city. An ~ these lie In what ia known ne the ia
water section Of the stitel'wn "a the s,nhe,.s,,
! corner Tennessee raises 100000 bushels whne ..
Carjlluas give about 10000 Maryland ana Del,w.,.
| produce small amounts
! 1HE CULTIVATION uF IHr CRur
The peanut IL not indigenous. but WA bruishf tn
a a lao an
! The African mt IA now unmntheiahe IN the rsp.l
States bat IA used IN en ifmuna quanto, ~ Nafssr,
france, ono ~ tho suuipps ~ olive" u a,ss Win
! ihdah pottnn appd, otto. ttansrantlns ~ km,as,s
n"l changed tho character ~ tho hnt and straty liza
proved ~ for eating u inadp n larger aud itiurttA
nAousa ~ uli Tho aui Required lea tho heat sur,. villa
this crop u one liAht ana dy, upnn whon miryto
fpfB hUahols at athud ne or loo bushos o. common
mari 10 The acre have been spread In March the land
Is pohghed, we'll dragged ami cleaned o grass, uigsi
and ont down" Planting takes place from the if IA tha
l0th ef May, the seed lens placed IN rows about oug-
teen inches apart and covered By stroke of tho foot
Tie seed IN order 10 be good requires very careful
watching In curing to avoid heating" sufficient 10
Kill the germ; and should therefore be selected and
tested with great Soon after the plant come, upt
Is attended 10 repeatedly at intervals OF ten 10 fifteen
days with cnyatOr ana noe upon the thOronghnes. Of
which work largely depends the character OF the har-
vest Some use the horse cultiyaor altogether abaa.
uohlhg the noe Inc blossom Is yellow and pretty
Almost simultaneously with ita appearance shoots form
upon the plant ami make their way into the ground
These are called pins" and bear tue peas beneath
the surface The digging takes place between the lO,h
and 20th Of October and consists in throwing the vine,
ont or the ground with plough made Tor the purpose
on the same day, dried tie vines are sltken
free OF soil aud stacked IN tue held INTO sLocas" In
from ten to twenty days both vine nuts will be cum
petey cured and ready for Daraet. The vine makes
good feed Tor stock and 10 excellent article for fer
tllng purposcs-so much 30 that il i, Worth the mice -
y.k4f in
ment for that work In making and tending tie shock,
skill is required To rcycut a, cheating and u1yJJ
Peanuts are Of Two kinds, distinguished the bunch
ing and the running vines dcnDuug the MANNER OF
their growth but no separation Is ken m rho na,tci
La Tennessee is produced the red nat variety o,
tendency of the hu,k m this variety ia 10 row long and
thin. and TO c0nnin more tn twO-SOnemes four or
hye-keincs the skin OF which IS Iicl chestnut rcd
much darker than the color OF the seahoad variety Tie
nuts. as fast picked on the shocks IN the hed. are
placed in bags holding four bushels each an sodio
cleaning factories in Norfolk Petersburg SIM hed and
elsewhere, chiefly along the lines Of the Norfolk ard
Western and seaboard and Roanoke railroads Tie Nor
folk factories are the largest Ia the world aud
twice the amount OF all tie rest put together.
FACTORY PROCESSES.
The bags they come from the farm hoisted the
top floor Of tue factory, where their contents are sorted
into four grades the last containing chiefly refuse Upon
tho care with which this is done depends in large
the profit OF the business The peanuts Of each
class then poured into Loppers which carry them into
cleaning machines on the floor below. differing from
another somewhat according to tho grade they treat
Each Of these machines OF iron cylinder about
twelve feet long by three feet In diameter tribe smaller
It end than at the other, that there may bca
stoady overflow outward These cylinders revo,e with
considerable rapdity and inclose contryancc 10y which
the of nuts ia carried around with stu greater
speed, and at certain point I'm revolution thrown
across the cy Under with force This Jar dsodg,s
all the soil remaining in the creyices Of the rough bark Of
the husk while the friction OF nut against nut poshes
the husk to the required dtness Tor market. blower
attached to each cylinder carries the disagrecaUc and
dangerous dust into chimney iue. Localities and
seasons vary respect to the degree OF hardness of tho
pea -husk produced and the treatment in polishing mus,
be adapted to the kind ol material In hand Gtto ruch
force Is eNcrtcd the husk may be broken. or unLyhe
ahradcd and thus made unHt FOR ROASTING to which the
presence of the external enamel put ON by nature sci.
scutM From each cylinder the polished peanuts l0W
steadily upon "A moving broad belt an Gable. divided
leugthwise by fixed partitions into three divisions
cciyed from the cynder' aud passes beneath The Fingers
small, deietu'e ami di@rootd specimens ami Toss them
into the central compartments where they alc ,atlicd oa
tu fail into receptacle 10y themselves, while he pclert
ones remain IA selected stock There are many VI th',e
tables IA the ROOM, aud tie busy girls raise iu Will chorus
strains NJ plantation and camp meeting mplullcs which
sound very strange ald the uol-c ot thN machinery 'o
the rustic OF tho moyhs nue Tue mchns l-no' laid
to,,os ac,ctaI 1oa,s and have hrcome c,coutHsy
umhlc. rue, are paid from a. to ~ ,rnH ada}. w.
hA 4hut,z duWu to the siuuud nunt Whctr tho, n mo
hiss and are sprciiN read, for branding and 'hpurnt
fhtro better stados have boon accrie are hi nn ,uR
boat Nothng Ia wasted IA peanut or tohae,e meuuiu.
ltr lhiH tuiuan nspa into machine when huaAa a.
md scptiatcs the sht ahyll, pon tac 1r,nrls Nodou
irtn a. Ia other IHh ni the ptutuar tao uap uf
.taduatrd blaah ul an m-ht hc introduced % NNanr
alc the Ahos arc sold 60 not'r-nod ims amt lot miN
utr IA hltiHoiA gudnu lho hvrurl7 ~ mtu ONhdtlrh
lrNra which -ut thcm into crttan slAa Tho best boo
cI' tcu,h Ash pur" '1o 'c,9ad "t'l ,' M, amt 'Ne
rash ltmtnuG {, hnu-ht uN two al thtcu tanners WAC
ud II excellent feed Iut latlounE hog,
IMPORTANCE OF uIE INDUSTRY.
According 10 alecrut statement 10y Mr. Copeland ~
NE IUguau,ator the season of ls-3 81 the Nor.ok
lcaners have handled $4,000 bags; ioterahars'
Is 900; smthhcd, 10000; other factories about
IS 600 There was on hand August l.. l,sl, 1900
bushels, making the years crop IN Virginia MAINLY
nearly $4,000 bags, or about a million and ban
bushels. This j, four times great the yield ten