davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
DIRECTORY


PRINCIPAL HOUSES OF THIS CITY.
Agricultural.
Herbert Bryant, % King street.
George Mason. 6 Janney's wharf.
Banks
Burke & Herbert, cor. King and Fairfax s,rr,..>
Citizens National Bank, II. W. cor Prince al
Leo streets.
First National Bank, S. w. cor. Prince aui
streets.
Books, Stationary and Printing
Alexandria Gazette Book and Job Office t;,.,,.
Building
G. E. French, 50 King street.
Boots and Shoes.
+ i'ai;. % King street.
T. Kaufman, corner King and Royal s.s
W. B. Waddey, 40 King street.
Commission Merchants and Feed Dealers.
tror..r y 4 John y. Worthington, 53 Com.
nirr.c street, Baltimore.
Charles s. Taylor, 81 King st.
J.C. Milburn, II II. Royal street.
PAYNE & Bro rs Cameron street.
p. g. Hooe, , Prince street.
Jamieson Il Cochran, 60 Cameron stree
Thomas Perry. 10 King street
Butchers.
Oscar Baggctt, 8 and 8 Central Market.
Carriage Makers.
Summers & Brother, Pitt street.
Confectionery
II. Brenglc, 129 King street.
Dry Goods and Notions.
Lausburgh l. Bro Seventh ST., Washington.
H. H. Taylor. 933 Penna ave. Washington.
Woodward & Lothrop 921 Pa av., Washington.
Brown & Chapman, lO2 King st.
Isaac Eichberg cor. King and Roya! SIS.
c. NJ Adams. 50 King street.
&C Berry. - King street.
A. b. Slaymakcr. 1O7 King street.
+ F. Tackctt 100 King street.
Carter, I'll Market Space, Washington.
Drugs and Chemicals.
Summers & Allen. n. W. cor King and Royal sts.
w f. Creighton, 50 King street.
J. r. Cole & Co., 300 King street.
A. A. Wariicld, 1872 King street.
F. S. Lcadbeatcr & Bro, 5. Fairfax street.
S. H. Luut, cor. King and Fairfax streets.
j. D. II. Lunt, II. c. cor. King and Washngton
streets.
T. Stabler & Co., II. W. cor. King and Washing
ton streets
Warfcld & Hail. cor. Prince and Fairfax streets
Furnishing Goods.
MI. Waterman cor. King and Fairfax SITS.
Glassware and House Furnishing Goods
F.. Miller & CO., 65 King street.
Mclean & Uhler rs King street.
Grocers and Liquor Dealers.
Charles King. 81 Cameron street.
!. Broders & Co.. l King street
Fisher & Bro, IS Camernn street.
Harlow & Bro, IL. W. cor. Royal and Cameron
streets.
streets.
G.. McBurncy & Son, $. w. cor. King and Wash
ington streets.
G. VIM Ramsay, cor King and st. Asaph streets.
Hardware and Cutlery.
IF. Carln & Sons, 63 King street
x Son. 81 King
3. F. Pcakc cor. King and Pitt streets.
Peakc & Nails, cor. King and st. Asaph Street
F. A. Reed & Co.. Strand.
jewellers.
NJ. w. Gait, Bro. & Co.. 10Y Penna. avenue.
Washington.
+. S. Fleming No. II King ST.
H. Wildt, 10 II. Royal street.
Lumber, &c.
Smoot & Perry, No. % cor. Cameron and Union
streets.
Josiah II. d. Smoot, - north Union st.
Machinists.
C. w. Collins. corner Wilkes and Royal sis
w. S. Moore, 65 Union street.
Stoves and Tinware.
d. r. Stansbury, Mcl'urncy's Building
Wholesale Liquor Dealers
John Lannon corner Market and the Strand.
Wood and Coal.
Hcwcs & Aitchcs0n cor. Fairfax and Duke St.
W. A. Smoot & Co., foot of Princess street.
J. p Apncw & Co.. foot of Wolfe street.
T. J. MchatIcy * Co., foot Of Queen street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
1904 GREAT 1904
1904 PENNSYLVANIA ROUTE lOOf

IOO4 PENNSYLVANIA ROUTE ICOf
Ia -
TO THE NORTH. WEST AND SOUTHWEST.
DOUBLE TRACK, STEEL RAILS.
SPLENDID SCENERY.
MAGNIFICENT EQUIPMENT.
In effect August g. 1884.
Trains leave Washington, from station, corner OF
Sixth and streets, as follows:
For Pittsburg and tho West Chicago Limited
Express of Palace Sleeping Cars at $40 a. H.,
daily; Fast Line $40 a. m. daily, to Cincinnati
and st. Louis with Sleeping Cars from Harris
burg,to Cincinnati, and Hotel Car to st. Louis /;
daily, except Saturday, to Chicago, with Sleep
ing Car Altoona to Chicago. Western Express
TAO p. w., daily, with Palace Cars to
Pittsburg Also connects, daily, for Chicago
with Sleeping Car Pittsburg to Chicago. Mail
Express, 1000 p. NJ, daily, for Pittsburg and
the West with Palace Sleeping Car Washington
to Chicago.
BALTIMORE AND POTOMAC RAILROAD.
For Erie, Canandaigua, Rochester, Buffalo, Niagara
1O:OOp. IN. daily, except Saturday, with Palace
Cars Washington to Rochester. Train leaving
Washington Saturday night will not run beyond
Remove.
For W:lliamsport Lock Haven and Elmirs, at
$40 a. m, daily, except Sunday.
For New York and the East 715 800 and II 100
a. M, 2:1O, 400, 1000 and Ills p. m. On
Express of Pullman Parlor Cars. $40 a. m.
daily, except Sunday.
For Boston without change, 2:1O p. M. every
week day. On Sunday, 400 p. m.
For Brooklyn N. Y, all through trains connect at
Jersey City with boats of Brooklyn Annex,
atfording direct transfer to Fulton street. avoid.
ing double ferriage across New York City
For Philadelphia, 7:15. 500 and 100 a. NJ,
2:1O, 400, 600, 1000 and Ills p IN On
Sunday 400, GOO 1000 and Ills p. m. Linn
tied Express, $40 a. NJ, daily, except Sunday.
For Baltimore 6:35, 7:15, S:2O, $40, and LOO
a. m and 1906, 21O 400, 4:25, 44O, 600,
TAO, 1000, and Ills p. m. On Sunday, $40
and II 100 a. M, and 400, 600, TAO, 1000
and Ills p. m.
For Pope's Crock Line, 6:35 a. M. and 4:4O p. M,
daily, except Sunday.
For Annapolis 635 a. NJ, and 1905 and 4:40
p. NJ. daily except Sunday.
ALEXANDRIA AND FREDERICKSBURG RAILWAY
For Alexandria, 6:3O, TOO 9:25, 11:O5 and 11:35
an, 2.O5, 4:25, 800, 6:25, sos and 11:35
M On Sunday at 6:3O, 9:25. and 11:05 a. M,
and sos p. m.
For Richmond and the South, $50 and 11:05 a.
NJ, daily, and 500 p. M. daily, except Sunday,
Trains leave Alexandria for Washington, Sos.
100, 1000 and 1910 a. m; LOO, 3:05, 1923,
BIO, 7:05 and 1O:40 p. M, and 1910 mid
night, except Monday. On Sunday at 7:5O and
1910 a. M; 7:O5 and 1O:4O p. IN. and 1910
night.
Tickets and information at the Office, Northeast
corner of 18th street and Penns Avenue, and at
the station where orders can be left for the check
ing of baggage to destination from hotels and
residences. J. x. WOOD, q. T. A.
CHAs. E. PUGH, q. NJ.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

ICE CREAM FREEZERS We call the atten-
L ton of the public to the celebrated Rapid
Patent Freezer, which is the best made in the
market and will freeze rs quickly as any other.
The tubs are made of Cedar, with galvanized
hoops. The prices have been greatly reduced this
season and we invite those who wish to purchase
to call AMI examine the Rapid" before pur-
chasing. MCLEAN & UHLER,
je14 80 King street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
INLAND AND SEABOARD -r
| CoAsTING COMPANY. 60
FOR THE LOWER POTOMAC.

The steamer JOHN w. THOMPSON will leave
her wharf EVERY MONDAY and EVERY WE'D
NESDAY, ut T:3O a.. H., for Lconardtown, and
EVERY FRIDAY, at 7:3O Il H., for Rivcr Land
ings rs far down III Nomni, returning OH alter
nate days. Fare % cents for amy landing.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
The WOMEN
Endorse
BROW I!
IRON.
BIT TERI

When a woman expresses L.
pinion upon the merits of al,
ling she has used, it is, in almr~
...yry case, given in words dir:
ON the heart, and free from t:
Citations of pecuniary interest -
'Iicy, which too frequently intI
:l;c the actions Of the sterner sc%
-. f. CApo of Chicago. Ills, says:
or the last two years have had frequcr'
re attacks of Neuralgia. Browns r..
crshasgivcn mequick and lasting relief
H. Ho1pRoox, of Boston. Mass. says:
have experienced great relief from IN
,>ton and nausea in the throat by the
Of Browns Iron Bitters.
CLARA NJ. JOYCE of Louisville, KY. says:
l.sed Browns Iron Btters for dyspepsia
I stomach troubles. Am now enjoying
cct health after five years of misery.
"A. r. PIERCE of Maysve. KY, says:
,,wn's Iron Bitters cured me of palpi-
II of the heart l take pleasure III
amending it.
:. MARTHA AsHTY, of Bloomington, Ills, says:
\ severe attack of heart disease lett me
*, not ableto walk. Browns Iron Bit
restored me to my old-time good health
:. VI. Cook, of Newark N. j.. says.
had always thought of indigestion as
:" King of evils" but it was overcome IL
ease by the use of Browns Iron Bittcrs.
IS. A. Z. RICHARDSON, of Boston Highlands, say
Have been taking Browns Iron Bitter.
r general debility; am improving rapnl!r
feel highly gratified with results.
ISIS MARY WOODBURY. of Portland Maine, says:
Browns Iron Bitters cured me of head
he, with which | had been greatly
..nlbled for two years.
.lrs W. A. HALL, of Dorchester. Mass, says:
Browns Iron Bitters cured me of dy>-
.psia; was suffering from the most agra
lied form of that distressing complaint.
i.,s LOUISE s. LOCKE. of N Charleston. N. Y. says
Browns Iron Bitters cured me of mar,
ans affection. gladly recommend 1t 1"
IL who are suffering from like trouhk%.
Nns. D. W. JACKSON, of Mlington Ill.,. says:
Browns Iron Bitters cured me of veal
ass, especially in the lower limbs; my
neral health is also greatly improved.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
CONFUSION MERCHANTS.

G JOHN Y. woRTH1NGToN,
GRAIN COMMISSION MERCHANTS.
3:' Commerce street,
Will give .!tict attention to all business en-
trusted to them and make prompt returns.
je2-3m GEO. Y. " BURLINGTON & son.
j. ";'svES'
GROCER, TEA DEALER
AND
COMMISSION MERCHANT,
No. II North Royal street. near Market space.
Alexandria, Va.
Orders ami consignmcnts solicited they will re.
eeive careful and prompt attention. aplS
CHARLES S. TAYLOR, Jr,
FEED DEALER
AND
GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANT,
No. 81 King street. Alexandria, Va
specialties COTTON SEED MEAL, Cut Ha.
and Hominy Chop
Richest Southern Mill Feed always on hand.
Country orders promptly filled.
Agent for HERR & ClsSEL'S SWISS PROCES,
PATENT FLOUR.
p. o. box M 2O3. aug29
J. J. JAMESON. GEO B. COCHRAN.
JAMESON i COCHRAN.
Successors to L. NJ. Lawson & Jamieson)
GENERAL. COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
q! CAMERON STREET,
je26 ALEXANDRIA, VA.
JAMES BAfHH. THOs. II. BAYNE.
pAYNE & BRO.
GROCERS, LIQUOR and COMMISSION MER-
CHANTS,
No. 10 Cameron Street,
ALEXANDRIA,, VA.
Agents for ISAAC WENGERS CELEBRATED
FAMILY FLOUR.
fine assortment of Plain and Fancy FAM
lily GROCERIES and LIQUORS constantly on
hand. my26
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
37EiHEX5.


STEAMER ARROWSMITH FOR -r
y POTOMAC RIVER LANDINGS .EE.:s saa.=zS
Leaves Alexandria, foot of King street, at q
a. m. MONDAYS and THURSDAYS, and 430 p
NJ on SATURDAYS Returning OH Tuesdays
Fridays and Sundays
Excursion to COLONIAL BEACH, on EVERY
WEDNESDAY.
FERRY SCHEDULE
Lears Alexandria: 600 1880 $50 $50 1870,
1870 4. NJ. 1890 1:3O 2:3O, $3.50, 1870, $50,
630 7l5 p. ii.
Leave Washington: G:15, 1870 $50, 9:3O, 1870,
30. a. ID, l2:3O l:sO. 2:3O, $50. 4:30, $50,
$50, 715 p. NJ.
a. IN.
For information apply at Office It'll st. wharf,
Washington d. c.. and at office foot of King ST.
Alexandria, Va. c. w. RIDLEY, Manager.
j. B. PADGETr Agent. je3O
DOTOMAC STEAMBOAT COM -u-~s
The ever popular palace steamer GEORGE
LEARY will leave Prince street wharf EVERY
MONDAY ami WEDNESDAY, at 6 p m, and
SATURDAY, at G:30 p. m.
Fare, one way, 81. Round trip, $3.50
This is the only line that connects in Norfolk
with the Boston aud Providence steamers.
For further particulars apply at company's
Office, Tth ST. wharf, Washington.
Or to PHILIP B. Fl noe
ap23 Agt. Primo st. wharf.
INLAND AND SEABOARD
l COASTING COMPANY ,Esss.aasa:.=s
GREATLY REDUCED RATES.
FOR FORTRESS MONROE AND NORFOLK
DIRECT mo Stops
The steamer JANE MOSELEY leaves her wharf
MONDAY, WEDNESDAY and FRIDAY, at six
o'clock p. ~ Returns ON alternate days.
Single fare 81 round trip. $50. Meals 81.
Boston freight taken usual.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
FOR NEW YORK.

STEAMERS f. C. KNIGHT AND ~e,A
JOHN GIBSON 1sLLl...ss
EVERY FRIDAY and returning leave New
York, from pior Al East river, EVERY SAT-
URDAY.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

]. ". THOMPSON, President.
1416 + street.
sep27-tf Washington, d. c.
TLYDE'S STEAM LINE WE KLY TO
PHILADELPHIA. $500
Appointed sailing days from Alexa 4 Ey-
RYTUESDAY and from Phiadelph. EVERY
SATURDAY.
This line connects at Alexandra with the Fir-
einia Midland and Washington and Ohio railroads,
and at Philadelphia with Clydes regular Steam
ships.
Freight forwarded with promptness and care.
free of commissions
No charge for transfer in Philadelphia Quick
time. Frequent departures. Through rates and
through bills of lading given. Insurance at the
lowest rates.
Agents
F. A. REED & CO., Alexandria.
VIM. p. CLYDE & CO., Philadelphia.
JOHNSON & CO., Wash. & Georgt'n.
janS-tf
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

u EFINED GUM CAMPHOR FOB MOTHS.
IL For sale by A. A. WAKEFIELD.
Successor to Janney & Co..
ie2 1872 King street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

The steamers of this com pany make connections
1T Norfolk for Boston and all points East; 1T New
York with all points West and Northwest, and AZ
Alexandria with Virginia Midland Railway and
Washington and Ohio Railroad. Through rates
given and freight handled carefully and promptly
For further information apply to
F. A. REED & CO., Agent
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
coal. SALT. PLASTER.

COAT. SALT. PLASTER.
ALEXANDRIA, -
OFFIcE-Smoot's Wharf.
ap4 Special attention paid to forwarding.
w 4. JOHNSON & CO..
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
WHOLESALE GROCEES

Wholesale GROCEhS.
GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS
And Dealers in
ALL KINDS OF LIQUORS.
Have on hand GIBSON'S Xxx, xxx, NNXX
and PURE OLD RYE, OLD CABINET and
MONOGRAM WHISTLES; also BAKERS and
THOMPSON'S PURE RYE WHISTLES to which
they invite the attention of the trade
Orders from the country for merchandise shall
receive prompt attention.
Consgnmcnts of Flour. Grain and Country Pro-
ducc solicited, for which they guarantee the high
est market prices and prompt returns.
Northeast corner Of Cameron and Royal streets
sep14 Alexandria, Va
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

La -: -:
TO THE NORTH, WEST AND SOUTHWEST.
DOUBLE TRACK, STEEL RAILS.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

WHOLESALE GROCER.
81 CAMERON STREET
(Brewis & Lawsons old stand)
mills ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA.
HARLo" BROS.
GROCERs, GENERAL COMMISSION
MERCHANTS AND
Dealers in
WINE AND LIQUORS.
FLOUR GRAIN AND COUNTRY PRODUCE
SOLICITED,
PROMPT RETURNS AND LIBERAL AD-
VANCEs ON GOODS IN STORE
AGENCY OF LAFLIN s. RANDS SPORTING,
BLASTING AND MINING POWDER A'~H
COTTON AND WATERPROOF FUSE.
N. w. cor. Cameron and Royal uts
milo
J BEoDERs & co.
Wholesale Dealers and Jobbcrs in
GROCERIES,, PROVISIONS, FLOUR, SALT
AND FISH.
full limo of celebrated pure old Whiskies,
Brandcs Gin, Rum, &c, Massey & Co.'S Philadcl.
phia and Claggctt's Baltimore Alcs aud Berger K
Engel's Lager Beer in casks or Bottles.
Agents for James S. Kirk & Co.'S. Standard
Soap, and for the Baltimore River Steamers.
Orders promptly attended to- and consgnmcnts
solicited, No. IL King street.
my1-tf Alexandria, Va
John LANNON,
WHOLESALE
GROCER AND LIQOUR MERCHANT
Corner Market street and Strand,
Alexandria, Virginia.
AGENCY DUPONT'S SPORTING, MINING and
BLASTING POWDER.
full line of celebrated pure old Whiskies.
Brandics, Gin, Rum, &c. Massey & Co.'S Phila-
dclphia and Claggett's Baltimore Ales, and Berger
4 Engcl's Lager Beer, in casks or bottles.
Agent for the POTOMAC RIVER STEAMERS.
Orders promptly attended to and consgnncnts
solicited. my1-tf
w. a. SMoOT. G.S. FRENCH
w A. sMooT & CO.,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

]. ". THOMPSON, President.
1416 < strcnt
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

AIDES GLOVES reduced from so to 35 cts.
IL and from % to 15 cts, at
BROWN s. CHAPMAN'S,
iy26 1O2 King street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08
w. 4. SMOO'

w A. SMOOT & CO.,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1884-08-08

WE OFFER TO THE PUBLIC THE BEST
w assortment of Trunks. from the smallest to
the largest size Canvass, Leather and Zinc on
wood, and sell them very low.
mv26 f. KAUFMAN.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1884-08-28

rust, he says. extends over the greater part
OF an affected leaf, but is best ueveloped on
the under surface; and this it is which often
covers the boots Of those who walk through
wheatS early in spring with yellow pow
der When examined, this rust is seen TO
be IN the form of large number OF small
yellow spots. very little larger than pins
head, but elongated and not round. The
important point to notice, however, is that
comparatively few of the spores have brok-
en- through the outer cuticle of the leaf. In
the course of few weeks the yellow spots
become black, and this is the millew stage
OF early rust, or Puccinea rubigo-vera. The
cluser-cup stage, DR.. Plowright says, is
very rare in England, and he has never
seen it. The rust reproduces itself without
the cluster-cup stage.
The spots OF the rust which precedes mil
dew proper are larger and less numerous
than those OF early rast, and the spores al
ways break through the outer ca ticle of the
leaf and the stems Of the wheat plant, and
every spot develops infallibly into the black
mildeW With which every farmer is familiar
DR.. Plowright names the three stages of
life as follows:
WHEAT MILDEw (Puccinia granints)
l Cluster-cup stage, Aecidium Berberidis, on
bar-berry.
2 Rust stage, Uredo Lncaris, on wheat
B Mildew stage, Puoctnea graminis, on wheat
He says that Investigations made by
friends of his in Australia, show that the
rust from which Australian wheat suffers so
seriously is the rust of the mildew proper
But there is no barberry in Australia, ex-
cept in few gardens. What plant takes
the place of barberry in producing the clus-
ter-cup stage OF mildew DR.. Plowright does
not tell us; nor does he say that the rust of
this mildew reproduces itself without the
cluster-cup stage in Australia, as he says
early rust does in England.
1t appears to us that the subject requires
further investigation b fore the final word
can be said upon it. Is DIR. Plowright
quite certain that the spores of the two
forms of rust are specifically distinct? That
is the crucial point of his alleged discovery
because until that is absolutely proved, it is
possible to hold the theory that the early
and late rusts are only modified forms of
the same fungus, one rendered less virulent
than the other, perhaps, by having differ
ent host-plant for the cluster-cup stage.
The subject is of great importance and one
worthy the attention of the most eminent
ycologlsts.-Lsdiana Farmer.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1884-08-28
DECISION ON WATER RIGHTS.

Since Montana is almost wholly governed
by the california decisions in regard to
water rights, the following on this subjec,
from recent issue of the Pacific Rnral Press
will prove of interest:
"Our irrigating readers will be interested
in decision rendered during the last week,
which affirms the legal rights which under
lie all the progress that has been made In
the larger irrigatng enterprises of this
State. In a case involving question of
water rights, decided by the Supreme Court,
the following points were made:
A lawful appropriation OF water is entitled
to an injunction against trespasser.
Each and every tenant in common has
the right to enter upon and occupy the
whole of the common property and every
part thereof, and may recover the whole
from trespasser.
The circumstance that the time or times
when the plaintiff is entitled to use the wa
ters in question, has not, as between him
and his co-appropriators, been fixed in any
way, does not concern defendant, who is a
mere trespasser.
Co-tenant being entitled to use all the
waters, when an outsider diverts any from
them, or any one of them, he is injuring all
and each of them.
These points pretty we'll cover the ground
on which an irrigation enterprise must
stand, and decision is in accordance with
the desires of our leading irrigators.
The systems of water rights built up by
the early decisions of the courts in this
State was not based on either the common
or the civil law rules regulating the rights
of riparian owners or the use of water in
running streams, but was, as Chief Justice
Murray said in one of his decisions, Chased
upon the wants of the community and the
peculiar condition of things in this State,
for which there is no precedent, rather
than any absolute law governing such
cases." This remark was repeated in other
cases, and the fact is admitted by Mr.. JUS
tice Heydenfeldt, who first made the wide
departure from the common law, in the abb
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1884-08-28
WHEAT RUST.

Until about a year ago it was often a
source of much wonder that the red rust
which is so frequently prevalent on the
wheats in spring was by no means invaria-
bly, followed by an extensive attack of mil
dew. There was even, apparently conflict
between science and experience upon this
point; for whereas the men of science de-
clared that rust was the second stage in the
lite of the parasitic fungus which begins
with cluster-cup and ends with mildew,
farmers in England regarded rust with Conf
parative composure, and many even said it
was sign of good yield. The mystery
has been at least ostensibly solved by DR..
Plowright, of Kings Lynn, Norfolk, Eng
land, who last spring and summer investi-
gated the subject thoroughly, and discover
ed that there are tive varieties of rust, one
comparatively harmless and the other ex-
tremely mischievous. The first he terms
Uredo rubigovera-a very unfortunate use
of an old name for newly discovered varie-
ty-and not the true rust. To the second
he gives the generic name of Urede linearis,
dppiicu u I'LL Tue IuSLS ol pIdulS LdSJ year
DR.. Plowright appeared to be of opinion
that the former rust did not develop into
mildew; but now he has found that it has
the same three stages of life as the latter
cluster-cup, rust and mildew. The mildew
stage of the early rust, however, does so
little harm that it has passed unnoticed.
DR.. Plowright names its the stages as fol-
lows:
EARLY RUST (Puccined Rubigo-vera)
l. Cluster-cup stage, Ecidium asperfoHi, on va
rious plants of the Borage family
2. Rust stage, Uredo rubigo-verG, on wheat and
barley.
s. Mildew stage, Puccinea rubigo-rsra, on wheat
and barley.
He calls it early rust because its attack
comes early in the spring. This is the rust
which has been so abundant on wheat, bar
lev and oats during the present season. The
spores fit, DIR. Plowright says, are quite
distinct from those of the more dangerous
rust, which does not make its appearance in
England before the end of June. This early
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1884-08-28

1T has been demonstrated pretty fairly
that the Keystone hay rake and loader is
nc adapted to use in the wild meadows in
Montana. Mr.. G. W. Cook. of Smith river
valley, had one on trial and gave it fair
test. The mechanism of the machine is
good, operated perfectly, and hay was
stacked very rapidly. but the trouble with
it was that it left too much on the ground.
In very tall heavy grass it cleaned the
ground we'll enough. but where there was
an ordinary growth the machine left about
one-third on the ground. While the ma
chine is credited with doing rapid work and
saving much labor in one way, the trouble
and expense of going over the ground and
cleaning up is so much that it is not
deemed a profitable Investment for the or
dinary Montana farmer. Mr.. Cook thinks
that farmers having one hundred tons or
more of timothy hay, would find ii to their
advantage to use this machine. but he does
not advise its use in our ordinary grass
meadows.