The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1884-12-21

10 tuc pressure uuu tne overcoming OF inc
friction. from $4,000 to 100000 gallons Of
water per twcnty-four hours. Assuming q
total lack Of fuel ON the route. 1t would I'M
doubtodiy be necessary OF first to force the
water through tho entire distance by head
or pressure from Korosko, the northern
terminus OF commencement of the line. As
Korosko ID assumed to be 800 feet lower than
Abou Hammed Uhc southern end) very
great head pressure will DO required to over
come this inequality aud the immense frc-
ton In the pipe for 80 long distance In
order to give n supply Of $4,000 gallons per
day, the estimate for tho entire army. in
Guiding horses aud camels. There should
also bo II two days supply kept on hand
with tho expedition for emergencies and
accidents. Hence pipe OF small diameter
Is too hazardous, and one OF inches In i'll
terror diameter md ! inch thick is taken
as the best sizc weight OF 10 pounds
per foot will allow for couplings. DC. Tho
cnncls allowed for in this estimated min
imum aggregate daily allowance Of 10000
gallons for men and beasts in an army like
Lord WoLsELEy's, with its camp followers,
camel drivers, and laborcrs, are only those
employed for transporting animals. A vastly
greater number of enmcls would be needed
addition, water for these extra cnmcls.
Leaving out this latter itein, tho advocates
of the pipe system compute that "for a con-
tinucd forced march OF fifteen miles day IL
would therefore take sixteen days to cross
the desert before the waters OF tho Milo
could he reached under the most favorable
circumstances and without delays or mis-
haps. Allowing ono day for rcst. and you
hnyn ,ynilnp. t,, ha por inI "a
weight with water skin or PACKAGE in
cludchl OF C,l2o,ooO pounds. Tho maximum
load of camel may DO taken at 400 pounds
Over $4,000 additional camcls would there
fore be required to carry this weight OF wafer
alone, without considering the amount Of
water land weight required for these ndli-
tional animals"
A. has been said. these considerations np-
ply to peace as to war, and to future cam
paigns rs to the present. Tho exact method
of proceeding would depend on the circum-
stances Of each particular case. Thus. IL
being admitted that the mechanical difficult
tics Of pressure would not daunt hydraulic
engineers, and that the machinery and pipe
could easily be transported from English OF
American factories, then, il tho work We're
begun after the British had reached Bcrbnr
point, il could go forward at both ends. But
oven under circumstances requiring work
only from the lower or Korosko end. the
statistics already given of tho number of
miles that can be laid by one thousand UNI
skilled men make It clear that the pipe could
be put down aud used as promptly as needed
Another body Of one thousand mon could
construct guard stations and reservoirs or
OF, nj inf ,,f n a., ,,,,l
so that, in the event of The cneny's cutting
tho pipe or other mishaps. the safety Of tho
troops, as far as water is concerned, would
he assured if they We're forced to retreat.
The difficulty Of guarding the line would
be reduced by subsidizing the desert tribes
and enisting their services. Indeed, IL is
thought by some officers who have served in
the Egyptian army that England made a
mistake in not securing, by purchase, the
friendship OF the Abadda sheiks and the in
fluence OF the ruler of that part of the coun-
try, HUssEIM KHALIFA. Besides being paid
in money. the tribes could he partially sup
piled with water; and by thus receiving
tangible benefits thoy would become the
more interested in guarding the pipe line
Tho reservoirs, or pools, should be enlarged
rs soon as practicable, so as 10 contain
greater supply Of water
The line could be extended or laid in Sec
tions OF thirty or even fifty miles, each ter
minal station being made base of supply
for the next section, and thus the work would
proceed more rapidly Until completed the
main body of the army would remain in the
vicinity Of Koroeko, to free the quartcrmas-
ters department as far as po5sible-the
guard or pool stations being meantime suit
nI,l L.,
made that 10000 camels would suffice for the
rapid delivery of tho pipe, and that it could
be completed within two months from the
time materials left England. The pipe being
once successfully completed from Korosko
to Abou Hammcd, where the Milo is again
reached, nearer its source tho difficulty as
to pressure would Mt once disappear. The
head or permanent pumping station would
be shifted to Abou Hnmmed, taking advan-
tage OF tho natural flow OF water, and the
effective power of the pipe greatly increased
Once Mt Abou Hammed, the river route is
sufficiently direct through Berber to Khar-
tOum. Berber has been described as the
gateway to tho Soudan, the country there
being usually healthy and full of supplies
The place is on fiat and open lands. and can
he fortified. Accordingly. in holding firmly
hHtflouHl bcIDtT, ADOu i1nm1u'l,
making a short route across the Nubian
desert, with water supply, England, accord
ing to these advocates OF the pipe line idea.
would have practicable highway from
CAIRO to the Soudan, and tho trade OF the
latter would grow to great Dimensions.
At all events the suggestion is ingenious,
and 1t would seem applicable not merely to
the GoRpoN relief expedition. which has al
t" the question OF campaigning in war and
journey ms in peace in all watcrcss lands.
The Burden of Pensions.
Ton years ago, the devotion of sixty mill
ion dollars a year to pension expenses would
have raised an cutlery. Now, however, the