davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13

The rapidity with which Mon
tana has come to the front in the
production of wool, has contribut-
ed materially to its existing pros
perity.
Prior to 1873 there were practi-
cally no sheep in the Territory.
There are now over 100000. valued
at about $2,6OO,OOO. With the in
crease of this industry, there has
come corresponding improvement
in the character of the sheep raised
and both quality and quantity of
the wool clip have improved. Mon
tana wool now ranks next to the
highest class of wool raised in the
United States. The winter as a gen.
eral rule being remarkable for alb
sence of severe snow storms, neith-
er shelter nor winter-feeding is often
required, and it needs no argument
to prove that the high and dry
ranges of the Northwest form the
natural home of the sheep, it being
next to impossible to originate dis
ease among them where, as in Mon
tana, they have the benefit of a sun
bath almost every day in the year.
There is no moisture to saturate the
hoof and produce foot-rot, or wet
the fleece and invite scab and other
skin diseases. Browsing on ranges
that are never muddy the fleece
never gets dirty or matted, and
though the animals are rarely
washed previous to being sheared,
the wool is as clear as that which is
washed in many of the States.
Profits on wool growing are esti-
mated by many as greater than on
cattle raising, and even the more
conservative breeders figure a profit
of from 25 to 35 per cent. per an
mum upon all capital invested, and
all agree that the wool clip will pay
every item of expense, leaving the
increase clear gain. The loss from
all causes is estimated ct from 2 to
3 per cent. The annual increase of
focks is placed at 4S per cent, and
the increase of 1000 ewes, 2 years
old and upwards, from 80 to $50
per cent, probably averaging 80
per cent. Sheep sell readily at
from So to $3.50 per head. One
herder can take care of 1900 head.
Sheep raising is emphatically the
poor mans industry in Mon ana,
for, having a free range, timber at
hand for construction of sheds and
corrals, and in fact no capital need
ed for running expenses after the
first season, he is master of the sit
uation if he can command any
sum from $40 upwards for the pur-
chase of small flock.
AS an instance of the profits that
have been made, may be mentioned
the experience of Governor Potts,
who invested $4,000 in 1000 sheep
and held them long enough to Sc
cure one clip of wool and a years
increase (2,700 head), sold out and
exhibited profit of nearly $4,000
inside of 10 months.-[ Montana
Stock and Mining Journal.
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13

The merino is unquestionablv
the king Of the range sheep, and
must for years to come supply the
world with wool. For small focks
on high-priced land, with mutton
as a necessary consideration, it may
never be developed to equal the
English breeds; but for cheap pas
lures, large herding, and exposure,
it certainly stands alone. The
greater the size, the more nearly it
combines the choice qualities of
both extremes of the wool and NUT
ton breeds. An enterprising man
supplies himself with choice stock
when prices are low. This practice
is perfectly applicable to the pres
ent condition Of sheep for wool.
The man who puts up his wool
honestly and raises the best quality,
is not forced to go from home to
sell it. It is true, also, that large,
ripe muttons are not obliged to seek
a buyer. There is nore room for
progressive breeders than ever be-
fore, because the demand for quali-
ty exceeds the demand for quantity
Farmer.
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13
Origin of Fruit Canning.

It is a singular fact that we are
indebted to Pompeii for the great
industry Of canning fruit. Years
ago, when the excavations were just
beginning, party of Cincinnatians
found in what had been the pantry
of a house, many jars of preserved
figs. One was opened and they
were found to be fresh and good.
Investigation showed that the figs
had been put into jars in a heated
state, an aperture left for the steam
to escape, and Thea sealed with
wax. The hint was taken, and the
next year canning fruit was intro
duced into the United States, the
process being identical with that in
vogue in Pompeii twenty centuries
ago. The old ladies in America
who can tomatoes and peaches, do
not realize that they are indebted
for this art to people who were
literally ashes but few years after
Christ. Indiana Farmer.
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13
Cattle at New Orleans.

The live stock quarters are un-
usually ample, and are situated in
the northwestern portion of the
park, towards St. Charles avenue.
There are six distinct buildings for
horses and two for cattle, with stall
room for 900 horses and 500 cattle.
The buildings for horses will be the
two paralelled rows indicated on
the plan Of the grounds. Each will
be 1868 feet long by 60 feet wide and
"a feet high, and have stalls on Ell
ther side permitting the heads of
the animals to face outward. there
by leaving a broad passage way
through the middle of the building,
The buildings for the cattle stand
at either end of the buildings men,
toned and at right angles with
them. They are 378 feet feet long
by - feet wide and "a feet high.
In addition to the structures for
live stock, a regulation half-mile
track IS laid out adjoining the line
OF buildings.
The track and space enclosed will
also be used as an area for the dis
play of live stock. These areas
combined contain 2,O80x78O feet,
the stock exhibition covering 81
acres of ground.
Over $125, 900 has been appropri-
ated by the management for premi-
ums and the necessary expenses of
making the livestock display. This
is by far a larger SUM than has ev-
er before been devoted to similar
enterprise. The object of the man.
in making this princely
grant Of money is to secure the
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13
Judging Of Distance.

It is very difficult to Judge of dis
tances at sea. Refractiou always
changes the apparent place of an
object, so that we seem to see the
sun after it has gone below the hori-
zon. A more striking but less fire.
uuent phenomenon of refraction is
that known as mirage. Refraction
also affects the color Of an object.
The media through which the light
passes has more or less effect upon
the ray. In fog objects are dimly
seen, the effect resembling that due
to distance hence objects look
larger, for the eye judges of the size
of an object by multiplying the
size of the image or impression re-
ceived by the square Of the dis
tance, while the latter is estimated
from the indistinctness of the OBJ
ject. In the fog the apparent dis
tance is increased, but the eye in
terprets it as due to the opposite
cause. On looking at the photo
graph of a tree, church, a monu-
ument or d pyramid, it is not pos
sible to form correct idea of its
size unless man or animal is seen
in the same view with which to
it. In nature, especially
on land, the intervening objects
that lead up to it give the data
on which to calculate the distance.
Where none intervene, as in look
ing from peak to peak, the eye
must depend on distinotness, and
where the air is very clear and
as in Colorado, dis
tances seem less than they are. If
the object is seen through transpar-
ent but colored media, the form re-
mains true, but the colors are
changed. At sea, on a clear day,
distances may be calculated ap.
proximately by the proportion OF
an object which appears above the
horizon line. The horizon is about
ten miles distant when seen from
the deck of an ocean steamer, con-
another steamer which is
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13
THOUGHTS OF THE HOUR.
A MAD POET.

A MAD POET.
Ye Aedgling bards, that fain on downy
wing
Would try with tougher quils to soar and
sing!
Young larks on whom the cage-door ne'er
had slammed.
To lock you in. "all silent and all damned r.
Those poets counted great in other days,
If writing now would have to mend their
ways,
They thought too much, and ON their
thinking bent.
With plain heroic coupletsjwere content.
If you've originality. disguise it;
Be sure that Aristarch would despise it.
Keep off the grass! Remember poor old
Walt!
Be insignificant and shun his fault.
Become sophisticate and ne'er reveal
Aught of emotion you may chance to feel;
'Tis execraole form, it's most ill-bred
Songs come not from the heart, but from
the head.
Write Christmas verses in the month OF
June;
In January sing a summer tune;
Chant elegies before the victims dead
For magazines want verse six months ahead.
When, following my advice, you've con-
quered fame.
Fail not to sign in full your middle name.
My lot in this regard was very sad:
had no middle name-they thought ME
mad!
II Nat Lee in The Century
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13

New York raises annually five.
bushels of Indian corn tor each of
her inhabitants, six and half
bushels Of potatoes, over two BUSH
els of wheat, a half bushel Of rye,
seven and a half bushels of oats and
ton of hay. She supplies each
person with nearly two pounds Of
cheese and twenty two pounds Of
butter annually, and a pint of milk
every day in the year from her
dairy herds.
The Billings herald. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1882-1885, 1884-12-13
A Bird in the Hand,

"Well," he said to the minister
at the conclusion of the ceremony,
chow much do l owe you?"
ooh! I'll leave that to vou," was
the reply, "you can better estimate
the value of the service rendered"
Suppose we postponel settlement
then, say for year. By that time
l will know whether l ought to
give you 800 or nothing"
"No-no," said the clergyman,
who is married man himself,
"make it 81 now"
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
BONHANI.
A Pleasant Excursion 10 Lovelace Lake
by the Young People.

Special to the Gazette.
BoNHAM, May 3l,-Last Friday
was the day set for the excursion to
Lovelace lake, situated five miles north
20 ps..i.-,.. iIi ,i,v ,,aidst OF a beautiful
and fertile country, TO witness the boat
races between the students of Fannin
college. According to n time-honored
custom, the elite of town attended.
Early in the morning the place was
astir and by SOclock all We're on their
way to the scene OF pleasure. 10 the
majority everything en- route was
suspicious and enjoyable, but to some
accidents happened. A prominent
candidate turned his buggy over, but
fortunately did not hurt any OF his
family. A couple of members of the
band and county officer missed the
way, but finally drove up In the after
noon looking fatigued and hungry.
One hack broke down with
several young men and they
thought 1t a very warm day before
they reached their destination afoot
When we arrived at the lake ID looked
us though everybody In the whole
country for miles around had come.
We found the grounds and the campus
round about alive with people. BY
the time we succeeded In getting "a
comfortable position the first race of a
mile was at close after which the
crowd spent some time in conversa-
ton, pleasant walks and music. AT
this juncture dinner was announced,
aud all repaired TO the beautiful
shades. 1t seemed when we got there
everybody wanted MS to eat with
them, and strangers did not 20 away
hungry for want of invitations, so kind
and liberal were the people. We ate
of the elegant dinner. prepared by Mis-.
Helen Williams, and as we glanced
over our shoulder ut the tables Of Miss
Kate Maddrey, Miss Minnie Ingram
and others, we noticed the Bonhamites
endeavoring their best to clear the
cloths, but when they quit you could
scarcely discover they had been there.
After Justice (seemingly) had been
done by everyone TO the heavily loaded
tables. we were again summoned to
the brink OF the lake to witness race
of one and half miles between Tom
Benson and Sam Galbraith. IL was
closely contested, Sam coming out
bttOIlu OtHL. wv NobAa INV ~ DG~~-'s
separately OF each race, but we want to
be short, and we can only remark they
were ali good. In the evening we
pulled relns for home, 10th TO leave
such bospitable people and SO lovely q
place. The people there will always
prosper and the community be healthy
is long as such enthusiasm IL mani
fested la behalf Of solid pleasure.
The following are the couples that
attended from Bonham: X. ,. Alex
andcr and Miss Jessie Hay. Henry
ShortrIdge and Annie Reed, Joe Noble
and Kitfie Doss, Helston Num- and
ida smith, Ray Burton and Annie
Russell, Davis Duncan and Annie
Ollphint, Collie 6parger and Ned Car
ter n. r. Bull aud Annie Shortrldge:
Hamp Pyle and Lille Hewlette, VIII
henson and Ruth Shortridge, Hugh
Halseyl and Lizzie Hunt. Charley
Herndop aud Katie Cablness, John
Saunders aud Sue Halsell, anu about
as many more young men who pre-
fsrred the pleasure Of their own COM
MANY.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
WACO.
Brutal Rapist Arrested--A Crazy Girl
Claims n Hotel.

Claims Hotel.
Special to the Gazette
WACO, May 3l,-A. +. Galley, white,
aged about forty, and n married man,
was arrested this morning charged
with committing "a rape upon Minnie
Daura, aged nine years, daughter of
Paul Daura, II well known aud very
respectable Italian confeciioner here
The affidavit alleges that the outrage
was committed on the 10th OF NAV,
while the child was visiting ut Gazley's
house. The Daura and Galley families
live opposite each other and are upon
very intimate and friendly terms, the
children of each household visiting
and playing with each o her very o.
ten. While the warrant was being
written for his arrest Galley
sat on the courthouse steps, all un.
conscious of what was impending.
Thus the sheriff was enabled TO make
the arrest aud convey him TO jail at
once before any tumnlt was raised.
Galley has been engaged In merchan-
dising here In "a small way, and the
news of his alleged crime spread like
wildiire, causing much excitement and
surprise. Minnie Daur, the child
victim, IL vivacious aud intelligent
little brunette, not unusually large for
her age; In fact, she Is rather under
than over stature. Her parents, as 1t
happens, are both sick, and completely
Frustrated with the discovery. Galley
williemain In Jail until Monday, when
the grand jury, which IL now in
session, will investigate the case.
The proposed scheme FIR lighting
the city with electricity has not as
sumo u p ,sitlve shape yet, alth )ugh
1t is assured that a plant will be or
dered at once. The local company
have several propo .itions b fore them,
that OF the Brush Electric Light COM
pany being the cheapest. 1t II est.
ma:ed thar fifty street lights will sui.
flee for the present.
Kate Wall, n young white woman,
Ia claiming the McClelland hotel, a
four-story brick building, at the cor
ner OF Austin avenue aud Fourth
street, saying that she fell heir to IL
years ago. She worried the proprietor
and clerks 80 that County
Judge Gerald had her locked
up this morning and Will ell
deavor To have her admitted to the in.
stitution for the insane at Austin.
1t Is stated that the Examiner will
appear In the morning as twelve
pare paper. cut, folded and pasted,
under the propri storship NJ the sunny
South Publishing company.
Reports from prairie lands In this
country show that grain crops were
not damaged by last week's storms as
was supposed. Harvesting has COM
menced.
In the district court to-day Mrs. r.
NJ. Heard obtained decree ~ divorce
from her husband, Joseph Heard:
ID. Knight, the Houston d Texas
Central railroad conductor who
WAS accidentally shot IN
East Waco last night, In the leg, Ia
doing well to-day.
All railroads are now making regn-
lar lime and connections.
Public school enrollment this week
1880.
Judge Prendereast Of MexIa Is IN the
city to-day.
Rev. Or. Is. A. King, Presbyterian
minister, IL still quite Ill.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01

IL seems that he had been sitting upon
II log and Ind arisen, when by some
means his gun was discharged. The
negroes say they had their backs to-
ward him MT the time, and on turning
found that he had shot himself. The
load of shot went In his right side be-
hind the arm, breaking three ribs and
lodging In the upper part of the back
on the left side.
The ring of the hammer Is heard on
our streets now daily. The founda-
ton of the new jail and several 9th. r
brick houses have been laid and old
frame buildings are being pulled down
to make room for brick ones.
The carpenter work upon the new
Methodist church IL about completed.
The corn. wheat and ont crops In this
section are good but cotton Is still be-
hind.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
SHERMAN.
Court Notes : Eloquent Speeches Build
ing and Loan Association.

ing and Loan Association.
Special 10 the Gazette.
SHERMAN, May 3l.--'The district
court being near its close, his honor
held night sesslon last night to finish
up the " ork of the term. In the case
OF Whitesides all the evidence was
taken before supper aud the argument
OF counsel WAS made after that hour
There were no many ugly featares In
this case, and supposed popular
prejudice In the community against
the unnatural crime OF rape, that de-
PENDANTS counsel, Judge Hare, felt II
more than ever incumbent on him
10 make u gallant fight for hls client
In order that oniy simple justice
should he meted out to him.
He made one Of the ablest argu-
ments of his life In showing up the
fact that the prisoner was laboring un.
der mental bnllucination when the act
charged was committed, and closed
with an appeal to the jury that
proved to be irresistible In It's effect.
County Attorney Randall clos, d with
perhaps the finest argument he
has ever made since be has
prosecuted the pleas OF the state
The Jury At II o'clock sent n
baIliG to inform the court that they
could not agree upon verdict,
but were ordered 10 be kept
together until this morning.
About 10 o'clock to-day they filed into
court aud delivered verdict finding
the defendant guilty Of All aggravated
assault aud assessed Ills fipe at $3.50.
Judge Maltble Is pushing on the
work IN a true busintsslIke way In
order 10 clear the docket, for when the
clock next strikes the hour Of mid
night the spring term Of the Grayson
county district court for 1884 will have
ended by law, and all cases not dis
posed Of must go over TO the fall term.
The Judge II making most sRtlsfac-
tory officer, and II would be- hard for
any man TO beat him for the Office
this fall.
The Loan and Building association
lately started by DIR. J. q. Carpenter
has now secured over $50 900 and the
balance Of the 100000 has been en-
gagged by good parties. They Will or
ganlze Immediately and proceed 10 the
work 0fprovidlng homes for those who
wish TO become citizens Of our goodly
city.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
TERRELL.



special To tho Gazette.
TERREIL, May 3i.--Slncc the rain
clouds have passed away, and the
earth begins TO get solid enough TO re-
ceive the attention OF the sons of toll,
cotton IL replanted, corn worked out,
and prospects, grow brighter for har-
vest, but NJ thia fine weather has put
NIL available forces to turning the soil
and battling against the weeds md
grass, the city grows proporii0nally
dull, cspecially In w far ~ the enlivcn.
Ing influence Of the visits VI our
country friends impnrt the vigor.
The school census has Just been COM
pletcd, and foots up OBI white and ~
colored, making n total of 6l5.
Tho business of work OH tho public
school building has been delayed by
reason Of the fact that the site belongs
10 minor. Her disability Of minor
ity was removed In district court and
the deed Will ut once be made, and the
work Will commence next week and
be pushed to early completion. So the
next session OF our public school will
be taught In our own building, such
one as any city, even Of double the
number Of inhabitants. might well be
proud.
The machinery at the Ace factory IL
being put In place aud will be In sue
cessfui operation In less time than two
weeks. SO we will be no longer on the
capilous will Of n single source for this
Important luxury.
Rev. j. il. Hendrick Of the G.. r.
church returned from the meeting OF
the general assembly ut MckeespOrt,
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
BONHAM.
TIlden and the Majority Rule In Favor.
special 10 the Gazette.

special 10 the Gazette.
BoNHAM, May 3l.--The county con.
vention met to-day. The following
delegates Were selected TO the Fort
Worth convention: Il. NJ. Lusls, j.
o. KuykeDdall, A. Hood, j. a. Fair,
child, +. ). Mayer, S. *, s;eaton, j.
Whatley, j. +. Sadler, }. II. Baxter,
J. w. Brown, A. j. Nicholson, Thos.
Lightfoot, II. NJ. Gill, Marion Bridges,
w. =. Daley, p. q. Thurman, q. IL.
White, J. l.. German, j. A. Preston,
w. y. Goss, J. Beasley. j. w. Dunn,
G.. q. Lindsay, Geo Evans, J. q.
Cbenowetb, ]. III. Lyday, j. Cunning
ham and O.. d. Grace. The conyen-
ton declared lts preference for Tiiden
for president and In favor Of majority
rule at all Democratic conventions.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
PARKER COUNTY.
An Explanation Death II a Child
It0ugh Play.

Correspondents 81 tho 0axettA.
WEATHgRroRD. May 20.--Mr.
O'Neal and his friend thinking that
my statement In u former communities
tIon conveyed wrong impression Of
the facts and IL calculated to injure
him In public estimation, ] most
cheerfuily give you his side OF the
story. He claims, an understand
him, that lac was under the impression
that the boys NJ whom he fired were
coming TO his house with the inten-
ton Of frightening bis Wits, thinking
O'NeaI 10 DO absent, and that he fired
only W scare them Without an inten-
tioIi Of injnring anyone. know
nothing Of the facts Of my own knowl.
edge and merely gave you the Item ~
l heardit.
Little Annie IL. Russell, daughter Of
y. Is. Russell. died yesterday, and
the remains will be conveyed u
| Waco for interm.nt.
Mr.. w. u. Miller, . Jeweler, having :
friendly scufiie with = friend, fell And
| unfortunately broke his leg. He WA
taken care u aud promises 70 DO more
careful next Tins.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
M'GREGOR.
Arrested for Stealing Suicide of Par.
son Andrews.


Special to the Gazette.
McGREGoR, May 3l.-A young man,
Charles Gibson, whose friends reside
in Waxahachie and who is well con-
necled there, was arrested this morn
ing for stealing gold watch from DR..
Barker of this place. The boy is about
sixteen years old. He made full con-
fession and produced the watch, which
was hid ut the union depot. He was
lust about to board the train when
arr, sted. He Is now being guarde l
until he can get his friends here.
Parson John Andrews, living six
miles from town, who on the 2lst OF
April tried to kill himself by cutting
his throat, finally succeeded this morn
ing at 10 O'Clock by taking poison.
j Justice johnson and jury are there
now holding an inquest. He VIII be
buried tomorrow with Masonic nom
| ors.
Mr.. James Kayers family gave Miss
Efiie Walsh reception tonight and
she leaves for Illinois in the morning
| to be gone a year.
The weather Is fine and farmers are
more hopeful.
Fort Worth daily gazette. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1882-1891, 1884-06-01
MINEOLA.
Ireland, Johnston, tine Majority Rnle
aud Free Grass.
special TO the Gazette.

special TO the Gazette.
MINEoLA, May 3l.-The Democrats
Of precinct No. . OF Wood county met
In convention to-day and elected dele
gates 10 the county convention which
meets at Quitman on June 7. The
convention condemned the two-thirds
rule, Endorsed Tilden and Hendricks,
favored Ireland for governor and John
ston VI Shelby county for lieutenant
governor, Endorsed the course Of Hon.
]. q. buchanan, state senator, and
urged him for the Office OF district At
torney and entered Its protect Sgainst
the system Of leasing the public lands.