davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16

~ - A0s1ng 0overnc1 ~ DAkote TER
FtsoFy.
The planting and cultivation Of
trees ia ! prairie country is asubject
Of - great importance as not TO be
easily estimated. Itconcerns not only
the comfort, but the material inter-
ests . fthe people, and appeals as
we'll 70 the desire for pecuniary gain,
love ofthe beautiful and ornamental.
II u ! subjet in which ali are alike
interested and upon which all may
act.
The success nf arborculture in this
territory has already been demonstra-
ted, an l there Is no doubt that both
individual and general interets would
be greatly benefited by the setting
apart and cultivation Of, a part Of
every farm III the territory, as aper-
mansnt plantation for the raising Of
timber. With tiiis supplemented by
proper planting for ornament along
the streets aud around the residences
and school houses and public
grounds in both town and country,
the outlay will be returned ten fold
IN the increases Of values aud the
added beauties OF farms and homes.
While laying the foundations OF
what is destined to be a great and
populous commonwealth we should
not reject the help which nature Of
fer TO make it at the same time both
beautiful and rich.
AZ is well known, in some states a
day Is annually set apart to be devot-
ed by the whole people to the plant
ing Of trees, and in view Of the advan.
tage thus gained in securing a united
effort to this end, with the hope O
establishing a custom proved val
liable in other communities, | dc
earnestly recommend that the people
Of this territory observe Wednesday
23rd day Of April next, as Arbor day
and that it be devoted to the plant
ing Of trees.
III testimony whereof l have here
unto set my hand and at
fixed the great seal of sale
sEAL1 territory, al Yankton, thil
31st day Of March, 1884.
JAMES Fl. TELLER.
Secretary and Acting Govern
nor Of Dakota Territory.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16
Commissioners Proceedings.
adjourned January Session, 1884.

0NsHAA Va NgAAAAA1l06AOssGtO Va
Union county, Oak, met in regular
session pursuant to law. Present,
Halvor Knudson, chairman, CONS.
Chas. LaBreche and John M. Peter
son, also A. 0. Ringsrud, clerk.
Road petition of Andrew Hoyt. ct
oil for the vacation Of a portion OF
what is known as the Harrington
Road" was taken up and on motion
petition was granted and road order
ed vacated and recorded.
The following official bonds were
taken up and on motion approved:
A.. P. Hoard, constable Prairie TIP.
Frank A. r. Goodroad, constable
Sphinx township.
The following road supervisors
were on motion appointed:
Obey A. Anderson sup. dist. No. 81.
A. s. Disbrow 81
Bengt Garrison Df
The following bills wele audited
and on motion allowed:
A 0 Ringsrud cl'ks sci etc Feb $50 rs
Chas Rosenbaum bounty on
wolf scalps 200
A O Ringsrud cl'ks sal etc Mch so 25
] G Hayes bounty on wolfscalp | 90
Mallory & Crumrine mlse for cod 90
Bowen Il Kingshury records
and stationery for CO 81 80
Johanna Bredahl attendance
on pauper 800
Plat Vail lab on middle grade 200
John M. Peterson provisions
for pauper Is 70
F Webber Jr d Co hauling
bridge material IL 50
Simon McInerny wood for G IS 90
On motion the personal property
TAX Of A. D. Keller for the year 1883
was abated on a valuation Of $3.50
on account of insurance premiums
wrongfully assessed.
On motion board adjourned to
meet ut 8 o'clock a. m. the 8th inst.
SECOND DAY.
Elk Point. OAK, April 9Th, 1884.
Board met pursuant to adjourn
ment, members all present, also the
clerk.
On motion the allowance TO Snow
family was established as follows:
$3.50 per month for house rent and
SIS per month for support; this to
include fuel.
On motion James r. Collins was
appointed assessor for jefferson
township.
Official bond Of James r. Collins,
assessor for Jefferson township, was
presented and on motion approved.
Petitions on behalf of the Wom-
ans Christian Temperance Union,
of Elk Point, and Of citizens praying
that no license be granted for the
Of intoxicating liquors in Elk
Point township, were taken up and
On motion laid over until the next
regnlarsseasion.
Road petition Of Frans Z. Ander-
Dor y 4, 49, taken up and on mo-
don viswers wess appointed in 90
With ~, to-wit: VIM. N.
vinson, Jsns rstsr Lnnd and s. w.
Hall said yievsrs 70 meet ~ the
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16
Tho Jamestown Alert says: aDele

The jamestown Alert says: "Dele.
~ Raymond did good service for
~ people Of Dakota Tuesday ofthis
Week when be went before the house
committee on territories md prevailed
upon ~ members to report favor
ably IN the bill doubling the repre-
s~entation IN both houses of the ter
Sitogial Legislature, increasing the
nsmbeGshipof the council to twenty
bur and that Of the house TO forty
eleht.n There i, then, 4 slight pros
peet of.sn increase Ia the size Of our
iagislature md ! consequent decrease
n the opportunity for designing gov
9rncru - manipulate that body.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16
PHOTOGRAPHY.

If you want good photographs
call on Levi Wheeler, late photngra.
pher from Il. Buffers gallery at Yer.
million. and give him a trial. Per-
feet satisfaction guaranteed. Gal.
lerv oyer Steckman's Dollar Store.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16

FIRST publication Feb. 20. 1881
Land Once at ianktun D. r.
February l6. 1854.
Notice Is hereby given mar The f%ollow;na
named seiiler has iiltd nqS Ice II his iuten ion 10
make hnal proof in supp RI 0fhis claim and thu,
raid proof will hc made before clerk dist cour,
Union county. OAK. at Elk POihi. Oak. on
"Wednesday, April Ii 1854. VIZ: Johanna Som
MGR void as wiaow Of Sever Severrun SOmmer
void. deceased under I'M. cptry No s077, Tor the
Dwa nwA " and nei4 mes IL 93-5O.
lie names the following witnesses 10 prove h.
continuous residence npon and cultivation of
said land. viz: Neila Neilsan. Andrew Peterson.
Erik Neryig, John Olson. all Of Emmett, Dak.
GA. Wc-ter. Resisler.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16
CHICAGO
COTTAGE
ORGAN

Has attained a standard of excellence which
admits of no superior.
II. contains every Improvement that inventive
genius, skill and money Can produce.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16

These excellent Organs are celebrated tor
volume. qualify Of tone, quick response. variety
OF combination. artistic design, beauty in finish,
psfiect construction. making them the most
homes, schools. churches, lodges, societies, etc.
ESTABLISHED REPUTATION,
CNEQUAL4ED FACILITIES,
SKILLED WGssKMEN,
BE5T MATERIAL.
CnMHINFnL MAKE TIIfa
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16

mepsd by the committee:
E. P. WELLS,
u. ~. EDxAnDs, Chairman
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16

You may think / speak With
some authority when | address
THIS Granger, but | am just using
the mildest of argument
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1884-04-16


John Christevig 600
CT Mallahan printing station
cry. etc 62 25
John Coverdale crowhar 225
Lars Peterson keeping pauper $50
Frank Rruett !" "a 90
Ludger L.aBrechc" SO 90
G Anderton grading 800
Halvor Knudson co com fees
and milage $50
Chas LaBreche co com fees
and milagc $50
John NJ Peterson co com fees
and milage 10 60
w n "A Fate co supt fees 100 ~
On motion the board adjourned
to meet the 15th'day Of May, 1884,
AZ 10 o'clock, :. M.
Attest: HALvoR KNuDsoN,
A. @. RINGsRuD, Chairman.
County Clerk.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03

come bruised. wet and decayed. The sod
does not usually strike close against the body
OF the tree. AS q consequence, little de-
preston is formed there, into which
drifts litter, forming an attractive
home to insects and mice. There
is in danger of injuring trees by blowing
away from them and close to them il one has
trained his trees properly and il be exercises
care. If the practice OF close blowing be in.
augurated in young orchards the roots will
start deep enough to avoid the plow. It is
not necessary to plow deep. Trees should be
trimmed high. Low-headed trees are an
abomination, and they present hardly an ad-
vantage over high tops Even the oft-re-
peated assertion that they are easier to pick
from have usually found very wide OF the
mark. To have comfortable picking one
must have room under the tree in preference
to a top so low that he can step into it. With
moderately high-topped trees, short while
trees, low names, gentle team and careful
man one need not fear about inIuring trees.
Plow one year east and west, the next north
and south; one year to the trees, one year
away from them.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03
Small Farms Profitable.
TOrange County Farmer.I

The owner OF fifty acres of good ground
who thoroughly understands his business is
better situated than his neighbor who owns
200 acres and farms according to the old
theories The small farmer has less invest
meut paws less taxes, and cultivates more
carefully than the large farmer. In France
and Germany the farms are generally very
small often not fourth OF the size of aver
age American farms, but they are worked so
carefully that, while steadily increasing in
fertility, they still prOdude great deal more
per acre than our own. The owner of many
acres is apt TO neglect the poorer portions Of
his ground, and thus manurIng, rotating aud
cultivatiDg are reduced to a system that pro
duces the best possible results.
An example of German gardening will
illustrate the point. Within three miles of
Port Jarvis lives German family consisting
OF six or seven persons. For years they have
lived on a strip of sandy land less than two
acres in size, a part of which is covered by
the dwelling, bar and out-houses. The
woman Of the family, an able bodied and in
telligent person, who had learned her work
in Baden, cultivated this piece of ground.
and for a series of years supplied her table
with vegetables and sold from $500 to 500
worth of vegetables annually. Every inch of
room was occupied. From early spring to
late autum crop after crop of lettuce, beets.
spinach, cabbage, potatoes, corn, beans,
mangOlc wuIzels, asparagus, onions, endive,
egg plants, peppers, satisfy, caulifi0Ters and
other plants appeared. Every bit OF waste
material fit for the purpose was thrown on
the compose heap or turned into liquid ma
nure, and the naturally, sterile piece of ground
was made to pay for itself over aud over
again. The fences we're built in trellis
form to support grape vines, and not square
inch Of ground escaped the payment of trib
ute exected by the indefatigable woman who
titled it. Her methods are those in steady
use in Germany, where overcrowded popu-
latiOn has rendered necessary the thorough
est working of the soil. Her plants for set
ting are the first in the market, and she is
the lost in the autumn to offer fresh vegeta
bles for the table. To such farmer fifty
acres OF good land would be fortune. 1t is
such tillage as this which makes il possible
for French, German, English and Italian
holders OF twenty-acre or thirty-acre farm:
to earn a living, while American holders o.
farms Of equally good land, ranging from 1OC
to 500 acres, work about as hard, and are for
ever under mortgage and on the very verge
of bankruptcy. The future will certainly
witness a great revolution in American
farming, and one of the features calculated
to bring about better state of affairs will b.
the division of land into smaller farms anC
the consequent improvement in agricultural
methods.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03

thorny tree into one bearing large and de-
licious fruit is wonderful aud fascinating
process. The kind of grating most likely
cleft grating. The process is a simple one.
Saw off the limb to be grated where IL is an
inch or less in diameter; trim the edges OF
the STUB" smooth and split 1t with large
knife orclever made for the purpose. The cleft
should not be more than four inches deep at
the most. A wedge is now inserted in the
center of the cleft, and ci0n is set on each
side of the cleft. The cions are made OF twigs
of last years growth. They should be cut
before the trees show any sign of starting in
the spring. When the cion is prepared ready
for the setting, it should contain about three
buds. The lower end is cut wedge shaped by
slicing off each side of the cion. On one side
of this wedge shaped portion, and midway
between its top and bottom, there should be
left on one OF the buds.
When the cion is set this bud Will be COW
cred with wax; but being nearer the source
of nourishment, it Will be the most apt oil
any buds to grow, and it will readily push
through the wax. The ciOn is set into the
cleft By exercising great care that the inner
surface of the bark on the stub. A line be-
tween the bark and the wood may be OBJ
served. The line on the cion, in other
words, should match this line on the stub.
Wax the whole over carfully and thor
oughly. Do not leave any crack exposed.
Grating wax is made as follows: Melt to-
gether resin, beeswax aud tallow in equal
parts and spread on cotton cloth. Tear into
slips and wrap around graft
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03

ing investigated and the truth known.
The suit can not be tried and viii not be
tried till after the election. Mr.. Blaine
hoped by such action to muzzle the press OF
Indiana until after that event. He could
have bad no other purpose. The Sentinel has
the backbone and nerve to continue to pour
into him cold lead. And we glory in its
spunk. The Republicans papers are whin-
ing about the fact that il involves his wife.
We say to them "those that live in glass
houses must not throw stones" The Demo
Gratis did not begin this manner or warfare.
A most indecent attack was made upon
Grover Cleveland's private life. A
foul SANDER was perpetrated upon him
in its preparation and circulation, and Mr..
Mitchell, Blaine's intimate friend. took
prominent part. This attack upon Mr..
Cleveland did not cease until the facts were
investigated and the truth was told. The
SANDER found its way into every Blaine pa
per not only by direct statement but by that
meanest of all modes of libel by mean,
sneaking, dirty insinuations. Grover Cleve-
land, it is true, was not married, but he is a
man with sisters and with family relations
that are no doubt dear TO him. He was the
nominee of the Democratic party. The edi-
tor of this paper belongs to that school
who does not believe in suppressing facts
and current rumors in return for such treat
ment as that inflicted upon Grover Cleve.
land and through him upon his supporters.
We do not believe in permitting our political
enemies to falsely teach children through
public journals that their fathers are sup
porting immoral men, and then permitting
the same enemies to hold out the idea that
they are the saints of creation, the God and
morality party, following an immaculate
leader, when the truth is otherwise. 1t is a
debt we owe the followers of Blaine to COM
pei the truth of this affair to be known.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03
That Suit.

kOkOmO Dispatch.
i do NOT remember having exchanged a
word with Mr.. Shoemaker concerning the
suit of James G.. Blaine, but from others
have learned that his action in the matter
was the result of no sudden inn
pulse, but that he made up
his mind after mature DELHI
Grafton. 1t is hardly to be supposed that he
knew the Republican nominee wouldd do him
the honor to institute proceedings for libel
or make any such species of donkey OF him.
self; but the proprietor of the Sentinel de-
termined to make the charge, after extern
sive reading, thought. and consultation
with one of the acknowledged great men of
Indiana who is in no sense politician). as
to what the Republican campaign output
would be. He knew that it would have a
marked influence in eliminating person
alities from the campaign-and il has.
But he was perhaps wiser than he knew.
More than any other American journalist,
Mr.. Shoemaker has contributed to the ele-
walton of the political literature of 1884, by
bringing one parry to a realization OF the
fact that the other was loaded. The discovery
of gunpowder largely softened the savagerY
of war and prolonged the life of man.
THE pistol" says Myron w. Iced, lis
the weak mans right-of-way." Firearms
encourage Christianity and bring about such
benign epochs in the history of nations as
the Geneva Arbitration. / think the psrti-
san press will early come to see that it is the
Republican and Democratic party on trial
the official, not the private life of the two
candidates.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03
A WILD GOOSE CHASE.
Hunting in Maine for Irish Democrats Who
Ara lair

Hunting in Maine for Irish Democrats Who
Are Blaine Men.
PORTLAND, Aug. 25-According to the Re-
publican papers the Irish Democrats are CO.
ing over to Blaine in droves. The writer
was told that there was great movement of
this kind in Maine, but everywhere he went
in that State he found that the Irish
Democrats who are for Blaine were
not there but in the next town. At
Biddeford he was told that there were
none such, but that all the Irishmen in
Portland were Blaine men. AT Portland he
made diligent inquiry and found that the
only Irishmen for Blaine were one two Of
fceholders and a coterie of the lowest grade
of grog sellers. He was assured, however,
that In Lewiston the woods were full of Irish
Blaine Democrats Arrived there he found
the report absolutely false, the Irish Demo-
Gratis being solid for Redman for Governor and
Cleveland for President. mo, we haven't
many Irish boilers here" said a Republican
wIre-puller, but there are lots of them in
Bath" Investigation in the latter city proved
the falsity of the story. I'VE have never
looked for much Irish help here" remarked
an ardent Blaine man, because it
was here that our Know-nOthing fanatics, of
which organization Governor Robbie was
Grand Sachem, and Blaine himself a stout
supporter, burned an Irish Catholic Church.
In Rockland you will find a different state
of things; there the Irish voters are all going
back on the Democracy" at Rockland the
first lrishman found was one OF the most
prominent in the city, member of the City
Council and Republican for many years
He said be would never vote for Blaine but
would probably vote for Butler. Nearly
every other Irishmau in the city, including
one who had been reckoned as reliable
Democrat, was found eDthusi astic for
Redman and Cleveland. No, there were
few Blaine Irisbmen in Rockland, but
there were quite a number over in
Ellsworth. right under Judge Redman's
nose. The investigation made there aroused
the indignation of the men talked with
why" said one, sit was right here that
Father Bapst was tarrsd and feathered by
the Republican KDow-nothings.fort the crime
of being Roman Catholic. No Irishman
or Catholic here will vote for Robbie or
Blaine. Every man of Us is heart aud soul
for John b Redman and Cleveland and
Hendricks" Before reaching Ellsworth your
correspondent had considered that, like the
jack-o' lanterns, the Irish Blain Democrats
were always in the distance, but being told
by a leading Republican there were fifty
such in Bangor, he went to that city.
There it was the same old story-one young
man, "tonsorial artist" had signed card,
said to have been written by Repu blican
of the place, in which be gave his reasons for
rallying for Blaine, and called upon others to
do so. Nobody else rallied. At Bangor the
job OF hunting down Irish Democrats who
will vote for Blaine was abandoned. Ii was
said however, that there were quite num-
ber'of such around Mattawamkeag, Wy topit-
lock and Passadumkeag. Turn the rascals
out and let no more rascals in.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03

A recent writer gives this remedy for
lameness occasioned by inflammatory fever
in the foot of the horse, with the assurance
that it is a perfect cure: "Clean out the
bottom of the foot thoroughly-hol up the
leg so as to bring the bottom OF the hOof up
ward, holding it firmly in a horizontal posi-
ton, and pour in. say n tablespoonful of
spirits of turpentine, if the cavity of the
hoof will hold that much-if not, pour in
what il will hold without danger of it
running over; touch the turpentin
with a red-hot iron; this will set
it on FIRE; hold the hoof firmly in position
until all burns out Great care must be
taken that none runs over on the hair OF the
hoof, lest the skin be burned If all the feet
are affected, burn turpentiDe in each of
them. Relief will speedily follow, and the
animal be ready for service in short time"
1t is affirmed that animals treated in this
manner have been promptly relieved. In
one case, although suffering for more than
twenty-four hours when applied, in less than
an hour afterward the animal was fit for use
and travelled some distance, all lameness dis
appearing.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03
How to Pillow an Orchard.


Whether to pillow the orchard to the trees
each year, or to turn the sod in opposite d.
rections in alternate years must depend on
the soil and location. 1t Is only in excep-
tional cases that the former course should be
pursued. In poorly drained orchards, on
low, black land, this practice of heaping the
sod about the trees has the advantage of ia
voring drainage. Even in this particular,
however, it is doubtful il the benefits will
Overbalance the inconvenience resulting from
such practice. Better tile the orchard and
keep the surface even. Drainage is not al
ways secured by the deep dead burrows. The
ground must have good natural slope or
deep pools will be formed in the
dead furrow just where the
young roots demand warmth and
drainage. The constant lowering OF the
dead burrows cuts off the smaller roots and
drives them deep into the subsoil where
there is little nutriment. The valuable sur
face soil is piled up around about the trees,
where it does no good Roots feed largely
upon the valuable elements which reach
down from the surface soil. The most active
roots Of large trees are far from the trunk.
An even surface in an orchard is a constant
source of aggravation. especially in picking
time, when one must enter 1t with a WAGON.
Windfalls roll into the dead burrows, aud be.
The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-09-03
Corn in a Dronth.

Corn in time of drouth, however rich the
soil may be by nature. or fertiliztng appli-
ances, has no agencies aside from rain which
will keep up the vigor and growth of the
crop, save the diligent use of the hoe and
horse cultivator. Soil kept open and loose
will absorb moisture from the air, and
drink in all the dew that falls upon
it. There is another important thing
in the growing of this crop that we have
noticed for years, and that is, giving the
crop a thorough dressing with double
pillow or cultivator Just as the ears are form
ing, or about the time the ''silking OUT be-
gins; cultivation ct this time appears to give
new impetus to the growth of the stalk, and
the ears are made heavier than they would
otherwise be.
Then it appears that thorough culture is
important in all seasons, and at all stages 10
the growth of corn; in wet season to keep
weeds down; in dry seasons to supply
moisture; while the crop is young to invig-
crate, end while maturing to give it new life
and extra development.