Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1884-08-30
TIPM AND HOUSEHOLD


n,c Of stock ora bud or 6rnft.
1go often discussed subject Of In
- If stock on Bud or Graft was
9slL 5cyed by n. II. AIbaugh, Of Tad
ohio. in a paper read before the
M =. ,rrmen's convention. Following
NJ e,o,cmcnts and facts occurring in
tns = nearly all the larger fruits, seeds
:" mnloyed from which 10 grow the
49, upon which to bud or graft.
to- aocks grown from a miscellan-
collection of seeds Of hybridized
go nroduce multitudious number of
l..;e,irs but in general characteristics
- seeding stocks gravitate back
r3 toward the original type in form,
tsbt manner Of growth and hardness.
THAT the stock has any material in
spebce upon the fruit Of the bud or
,,raf horticulturists. as rule, doubt;
81, tbm it has an influence upon the
nth and habit Of the hudded or
srahed tree is generally admitted. There
Ia in northern attitudes. hard stocks
sre gaually selected upon which to bud
II craft. in order to impart an additional
hardness TO the tree. The habit Of the
,,oek also imparts somewhat of its
characteristics to the habit Of the tree.
Thus, pears budded upon pear seedlings
form an upright tree, willie if put upon
The ounce stock il changes its form.
Incoming a spreading, low-branched
tree The fruit, however, is similar in
both.
The old plan Of propagating apple,
near cherry and the like, was to plant
the seeding stocks in nursery rows, and
after two or three years. growth as seed
lings 10 graft them several feet above
the Ground with the desired variety.
This process made healthy, long-lived
trees. but owing to the time it took to
set the CRAFTS, and the limited duration
Of TIE proper season for setting them,
the plan is expensive, hence practicable
only on limited grounds. In all stone
fruits, also pears, budding eventually
took the place of top grating, because
more rapid in its execution, capable of
repetition the same season in case Of
failure, making healthier and smoother
union and preserving all the advantages
Of the top graft process.
Root grating succeeds we'll with the
apple, but imperfectly with the pear and
generally fails with all stone fruits. This
process is rapid and by it trees can be
grown cheaply. Most of the apple trees
grown in the United States now are by
the root graft methods. These make
seryicab.e orchards of medium longevity
aud of fair bearing qualities.
II is usually admitted that the princi-
rle Of top grating or budding comes
nearer the pale of natures methods of
propagation. Circumstances and varie-
ties must govern the orchardist, how
ever, in the selection of modes. In
plums, the old plan was to work on
plum stocks only, but of late peach
seedlings are largely used for stocks,
and for Western and Southern climates
are desirable. The peach Seeding makes
healthy, long lived stock in its native
climate, has fewer diseases than the
plum, and below the snow line it is as
hardy as the plum Twenty-Five years
ago the Mahaleb cherry stock was con-
sidesed useful only for producing dwarf
cherry trees. With experience, it has
beer found that it does not dwarf the
trees to any considerable extent, but is
yerF hardy and desirable stock, paiticu-
larry for the West and South, where the
Naazard stock would fail on account of
IFS early maturity of growth and suisse
queat fall of leaf