Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1884-07-30

| previously exported from thciAmerican col
onies from their original settlement, amour
ted to less than nine thousand millions o
dollars (s9, 900 900, ,000). On the othe
hand, our exports from 1860 to the close
of the last fiscal year exceeded twelve thou
sand millions of dollars (Sl2, ,OUO. 900 .OOO)
the whole of it being the product of Ameri
can labor. Evidently a protective tariff
has not injured our export trade, when un
der its influence We exported in twenty
four years forty per cent. more than the to
tai amount that had been exported in thu
entire previous history of American com
merce' All the details when analyzei cor.
respond with this gigantic result. The
commercial cities of the Union never haG
such growth as they have enjoyed since
1850. Our chief emporium, the city o.
New York, with its dependencies, has with
in that period doubled her population and
increased her wealth five-fold During the
same period the imports and exports which
have entered and left her harbor are NOR,
than double in bulk and value the whole
amount imported and exported by her be
tween the settlement of the first Dutch col
ony on the Island of Manhattan and tn,
outbreak of the civil war in 1860.
AGRICULTURE AND THE TARIFF
The agric cnltural interest is by far tn,
largest in the nation, and is entitled in ev
cry adjustment OF revenne laws to the frs
consideration. Any policy hostile to the
fullest developement of agriculture in the
| United States must be abandoned. Realiz-
ing this fact, the opponents of the present
system Of revenue have labored very earn
estly TO persuade the farmers of the United
States that they are robbed by protective
tariff, and the effort is thus made to consol-
idate their vast Influence in favor of free
trade. But happily the farmers of America
are intelligent, and cannot be misled by So
phstry when conclusive facts are before
them. They see plainly that during the pas
twenty-tour years wealth has not been ac-
quired in one section or by one interest a
the expense of another section or interest
They see that the agricultural States have
made even more rapid progress than the
manufacturing States.
The farmers see that in 1860 Massachus-
etts and Illinois had about the same wealth
between eight and niue hundred million
dollars each-and that in 1850 Msssachus-
etts had advanced TO twenty-six hundred
millions, while Illinois had advanced Il
thirty-two hdndred millions. They see that
New Jersey and Iowa were Just equal in
population in 1860, and that in twenty years
the wealth of New Jersey was increased by
the sum of eight hundred and fifty million,
of dollars, while the wealth of Iowa was in
creased by the sum OF fifteen hundred mill
ions. They see that the nine leading agrI
cultural ; tates of the west have grown $,
rapidly in prosperity that the aggregate ad
4, ,I.k. al
as great as the wealth of the entire country
in that year. They see that the south
which Is almost exclusively agricultural
has shared in the general prosperity, a1d
that having recovered from the loss aud de
vastatiOn OF war, has gained so rapidly that
its total wealth is at least the double of tha
which II possessed in 1860, exclusive o
slaves.
In these extraordinary development
the farmers see the healthful impulse of
home market, and they see that the tinan
cal and revenue system enacted since IN,
Republican party came into power has e5
tahlished and constantly expanded the hOm'
market. They see that even in the case oi
wheat, which is our chief c9real export
they have sold in the average Of the year
since the close of the war three bushels a
/ home to one they have sold abroad, and
/ that in the case of corn, the only other ce-
real which We export 10 any extent. on
! hundred bushels have been used at home
/ to three and n half bushels exported. Il
some years the dispsrity has been SD grel
/ that for every peck of cora exported on
/ hundred bushels have been consumed in tn
| home market. The farmers see that in tn
/ increasing competition from the grain field
Of Russia and from the distant plains O
I India, the growth OF the home market be
comes dairy of greater concern to then
and that its impairment would depreciat
the value of every acre of tillable land i
/ the Union.
| OUR INTERNAL COMMERCE.
| Such facts is these touching the growt
and consumption of cereals at home Civ
us some slight conception OF the yastnes
of the internal commerce of the Unite
| States. They suggest also that, in addition
10 the advantages which the American pcu
/ pie enjoy from protection against foreig
competion, they enjoy the advantages u
| absolute free trade over q larger area an
with a greater population than any othe
nation. The internal commerce of on
thirty-eight States and nine Territories i
carried on without let or hindrance, with
I out tax, detention or,governmental interfer
ence OF any kind whatever. 1t spread
! freely over an area of three and half mil
ions of square miles-almost equal in ex
tent to the whole continent of Europe. 1t
profits are enjoyed to-day by tiity-SiX mill
| ions OF American freemen, and from thi
enjoyment no monopoly is created. AccUl
ding to Alexander Hamilton, when he di,
cussed the same subject in 1890, '.the in
tcrnal competition which takes place doe
away with everything like monopoly, an'
by degrees reduces the price of articles {
/ the minimum of reasonable profit on III
I capital employed" II is impossible {
point TO a single monopoly IN the Unite,
States that has been created OF fostered b.
the industrial system which is upheld b
the Republican party.
! COmparei with our foreign commerc
these domestic exchanges are inconceiva
bly, great in amount-requiring merely a
one InstTumeutaliiy as large mlelge q
railway as exists to-day in all the other na
tions of the world combined. These intcI
nal exchanges are es timated by the Stats
tical Bureau of the Treasury Department I
be annually twenty times as great in amour
rs our foreign commerce Ii Is into thi
vast field OF home trade-at once the crea
( tion and the heritage of the American peo
! pie-that foreign nations are striving b
/ every device to enter Ii is into this tielC
that the opponents of our present revenu
system would freely admit the countries o
| EurOpe-cOuntrieS into whose internal trad
We could not reciprocally enter-countrie
to which we should be surrenderIng ever
advantage of trade, from which We shoul
he gaining nothing in return.
| EFFECT EPoN MECHANICS AND LABORERs.
A policy OF this kind would be disastrou
to the mechanics and wOrlingmen of tn
! United States. Wages are unjustly reGuc
| ed when an industsiOus man is not able b
his earnings 10 live in comfort, educate hi
children and lay by a sufficient amount 70
! the necessities OF age. The reduction o
wages inevitably consequent upon THROWN
our home market open to the world wOul,
deprive them of the power TO do this.
would prove a great calamity to our coun
/ try. 1t would produce conflict betwee
the poor and the rich. and in the sorrow
! full degradation OF labor would plant tn
seeds of public danger
The Republican party has steadily aime'
to maintain Just relations between labO
and capital-guarding with care the right
of each. 4 conflict between the two ha
always led in the past and will always lea'
in the future to the injury of both. Labo
is Indispensable to the creation and profita
bic use of capital, and capital increases tn
Is.4t.. IL