News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1884-01-24
THE DEPARTED YEAR.
WHAT 1888 WAS MOST NOTED FOR
DURING IT'S TWELVE-MONTH.
A Retrospect of the Year-Its Dis tinguished
Dead.
from the New York Tribune. l

closes SuDSUtuLIdl progress Ill nuludu
affairs, if it has not been a period of
unbroken peace.
Cetewayo has been defeated by hostile
tribes; the False Prophets horde has
crushed the Khedive's timorous and i'll
disciplined regiments in the White Nile
country; and the Hovas and the Ton
quinese have offered resistance to the
ambitious projects of the French in
Madagascar and ON the Chinese frontier.
While the military establishments are
maintained on the same scale, European
diplomacy is becoming more pacific in
its tendencies.
To peace has been added fair measure
of prosperity. There has been no failure
of the harvest either in Europe or in
America. Even Ireland has been highly
favored in this respect.
In tn6 Unitod &244>t---- 4lza.o hos tSaar, q
large reduction of the National debt and
the best mode of disposing of the sur
plus revenue has become a question of
the first importance. In Great Britain
the revenue returns disclose increased
elasticity and the financial condition OF
India is not worse than it has been. lI
Germany there has been a gradual de-
velopment of home Industries under the
protective system. Italy has resumed
specie payments without difficulty and
has acquired increased financial stability.
There are signs of improvement in Rus
sian and Spanish finance; and if France
is an exception to the rule, the embar-
easements of its treasury are attributable
to recklessness aud extravaganza.
While the retrospect reveals many
salient features of progress in pacific
tendencies, general prosperity and
methods of legislation and administra-
ton, 1888 has not been regarded as a
good year. From the outset it has had
bad reputation. 1t has been a year of
universal distrust and apprehension.
Business men in the United States have
pIodded or staggered along from month
to month, oppressed with the haunting
thought that a panic was impending.
They have been over cautious and unduly
suspicious and have passed the year
fighting shadows. In England the pub
lie Offices have been constantly gar
risoned and the Ministers of the Crown
have been protected by body-guards of
detectives. In France there has been a
pitiable lack of civic courage. Even the
practical German Chancellor has been
unable to convince himself that he has
taken sufficient precautions against
France, but has busted himself with
new diplomatic manoeuvres and cOmbi-
nations. In Russia the Gar could not be
| crowned until all the Nihilist suspects in
| the prisons had been mercilessly tried
| and sentenced. Each nation in it's own
way has been coniuring with its morbid
fancies and tormenting itself with I'M
reasonable fears and forebodings. The
English and the Egyptians have looked
for the appearance of the False Prophet
at Khartoum and Cairo; the British in
India have made the nbert bill the
ground of a fierce agitation; and even in
Australia the chances of foreign aggres-
sion are magnifed. Everywhere there is
the same element of distrust and suspi-
ciousness. Everywhere there is nervous
trepidation without adequate cause.
Then there have been other disquiet-
ing elements besides morbid apprensive-
ness. There has been a long series of
narrowing calamitias in various quarters
of the world. There have been inunda-
tons and cyclones terrible shipwrecks
and ship launches panics in burning
hotels, circuses, schools, theatres and
bridges an outbreak of cholera earth
quakes and volcanic eruptiOns of extraor-
binary magnitude.
On the first morning of what was then
the New, but is now the Old Year, Paris
learned, with startling suddenness, that
Gambetta was dead. In marked con-
trast with the painful impression pro-
duced by Gambetta's death was the in
difference with which the Comte de
Chambord, the last of the Bourbons,
passed away. Russia was deprived of
Prince Gortschokaff.
Greece of Coumoundoros, the German
Court mourned Prince Frederick
Charles, the Emperor's brother and con-
tidential adviser; Great Britain lost the
Duke of Marlborough, Ashton W. Dixie,
Hugh Law and Lord Overstone; Austria
Hungary Radoz and Wimpffen Spain
Cordova and Barca the East Obeidal-
lah, Abd-el-Kader and Sir Salur Jung ;
the Sandwich Islands. E. FL. Allen ;
Madagascar it's Queen, and AMMAN two of
its Emperors, one of them a foreign
puppet, American public life has also
been depleted by the loss of Alexander
Ell. Stephens, Jeremiah S. Black, E. D.
Morgan, Lot NJ. Morrill,, Montgomery
Blair, Postmaster-General Howe, Israel
Washburn, Marshall Jewell, Eugene
Cassidy, Theodore F. Randolph, George
Geddes and Matt Head AS advanced
Socialism eschews nationality Karl Marx
is not to be credited to any country.
Science has lost Sir Charles William
Siemens, William Spottiswoode and
Sven Nilsson; literature, Henri Martin,
J. R. Green, Jules Sandeau, Laboulaye,
Louis Viardot, Jules Antiques, Henri
Conscience, Dutton Cook, Mayne R4id,
William Chambers. George W. Greene,
William M. Baker; sculpture, Jean Bap-
tiste Clesinger, Clark Mills, Martin Mil
more; painting and caricature, Gustave
Dore, Pierre August Cot and Richard
Doyle; music, Flotow, Tamberlik,
Mario and Marie Litta; the stage, Junius
Brutus Booth, Charles r. Thorne,
Charles Backus and Mrs. Boniface.
Among the soldiers are Chanzy, Gen
eral in the reformed Republican army of
France; Sir William Fenwick Williams,
who made the heroic defense of Kars
Suleiman Pacha, who hurled the Turkish
army against Shipka Pass, and Generals
Ord and Humphreys. of the American
army. =
Among the veterans of the sea are
Admiral Collinson; Count de Persano,
Austria III 1866, and Rear-A dmirals j. r.
Sands, B. T. Sands, Middleton, Turner
and Trenchard. The law has lost Sir
George Jessel, Sir Charles Bowyer,
George Sharswood, James ConnOrs, John
McKeon and Lewis j. Delafeld and
medicine, J. Marion Sims, George NJ.
Beard, Surgeon General Barnes and Will
liam Farr Theology and the church have
lost Bishop Colenso, Dean Boyd of Exeter,
Dean Conner of Windsor, Bishop Tai
bot, Bishop Pinkney, DR.. Ferdinand G.
Ever, Cardinal Matter; Cardinal Bon
nechose, Archbishop Purcell, Arch
bishop Wood, Bishop Quinlan, Father
Thomas n. Burke; Bishop Peck, Lyman
Fl. Atwater. DR.. E. T. Hatfield, Daniel
DeVne and Thomas ID. Anderson.
Great havoc has also been made among
the educators, the neurology including
Paul A. Chadbourne, Evangelinus A.
Charles Z. Anthem, Charles
P. Crauth, S. S. Greene, Alonzo Grit
tonden, Edward z. johnson, Benjamin
n. Martin, William A. Norton, James
b. Thompson and III. j. S. Smith.
has lost Louis Veuillot,
Hugh J. Hastings, George Dawson and
G. G. Fulton.
Although low is this artificial list, yet
high in the esteem and affections of
New Workers, occurs the honored name
of Peter Cooper. and with his is closely
associated the name of William E.
Dodge. To these must be added such
names as Amasa Stone, Nathaniel
Thayer, Benjamin Fitch and Henry Kip,
ag ro,,roSantotivn American mon of busi-