The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1884-04-02
KINGS, PRINCES OK STATES.

they should not interfere with treaties en-
terei into bg the United States in Congress
assembled with foreign
KINGS, PRINCES OK STATES.
There was no limitation whatever upon
the power of any State to impose duties
upon the product OF any other American
State brought within its limits for sale or
consumption. for the purpose of protecting
and encouraging its own domestic manu-.
faotures. The state Of New York had full
power to impose any rate of duty its Off
Gers might sFe proper to establish upon the
products of New Jer.ey brought here in
search OF market, and New Jersey pos
sessed the same power in respect to the
products OF New York. If the doctrine of
protection is what it friends claim; if its
application to ini*nt industries in new
States enables them to overcome natural
disadvantages aud secure higher degree
OF prosperity than would be otherwise
/ available, it must be admitted that the
arrangement OF exchange under the CON
federation wise one, and ought never
to have been disturbed. But, gentlemen,
the trainers of the Constitution, the men
who founded this Federal Union, did not
think So They believed that
/ FREE TRADE, ABSOLUTE FREE TRADE,
| between the several States was Imperative
| ~ demanded by the interests of the people
| { Applause. Accordingly they adopted
| this provision as part OF the Constitution,
without a single dissen ing vote: mo
| State shall. without the consent of Con-
gress, lay impost or duties upon imports or
exports bar what may be absolutely necrs-
sary fer executing its inspection laws, and
/ the MT proceeds of all duties and imports
| levied by any State on imports or exports
shall he for the use of the Treasury of the
United States, and all such laws shall be
subject to the legislation and control of
Congress- 1t is true that Mr.. George
Climer. OF Pennsylvania, said in the con-
yention while this subj ct was under con
siderati0n; "lf the States have such differ
ent interests that they cannot be left to reg
ulgta their own manufactures without EN-
eounteriag the interests of other States, ii
is proof that they are not fit 10 compose
one nation" But he stood substantially
alone in his opposition to this provision,
and when the vote was taken not single
Safe WAS recorded against it. Thus
FREE TRADE WAS ESTABLISHED
bv the constitution, not only between the
States then existing but between all the
States that might hereafter exist as men,
bers OF the Federal Union. Applause.
And | venture to believe, my friends that
the most ardent advocate of the protective |
system will admit that the wonderful
growth and prt sperity OF this country since
1890 are attributable largely to this pro
vision, more largely than to any other. |
Applause Thus, with free commercial
intercourse between the States, our inter |
nal commerce has steadily and rapidly |
grown until il amounts to thous ands of |
millions OF dollars annually. More than |
10000 miles Of railroad have been con-
strneted, over which almost innumerable |
trains are constantly passing, carrying |
manufactured and other articles of COM
meree from State to State, while our great |
waterways are crowded with steamers and |
barges and other crafts laden with the
products of every part of the Union. The |
markets of New York are as free as the |
market Of Pililadelphia for the iron and |
steel and coal Of Pennsylvania, as free as
lhe markets OF Savannah or Mobile or
Charleston for the cotton and fruits of the |
South What a different picture this coun-
try presents from what it would have pre-
sented ii the policy OF
RESTRICTION AND PROTECTION
had prevailed among the States as II has
prevailed for 80 many years between the |
United States and foreign countries APP |
plause.l Under the liberal policy estab. |
iished by the constitution our means OF in |
ternal communication and transportation
have increased. and are still increasing while |
under the restrictive and obstructive policy |
Of Congress, our merchant marine, once a |
source 81 pride and profit, has almost dis
appeared from the seas; and unless some |
thing be done to arrest its further decline, |
il will disappear entirely. Free CONNER
cial intercourse between the States has en- /
couraged trade, promoted the development /
Of our natural resources for agriculture |
and manufactures, and added untold mill |
lions to the wealth Of the people, while the /
protective system, maintained by Congress /
sional Legislation, has, 20 large extent at
least,
SHIT vs orr FROM THE MARKETS or THE /
OUTSIDE WORLD,
slimired our products substantially ID the |
demands Of home consumption, and II /
many eases actually arrested the hfrther de- !
velopment Of great industrial interests. |
Applause. Under this system, when any |
highly protected manufacturing industry /
has reached stage Of Development which /
enables i 70 supply home demands. its /
growth must virtually cease, because ifB /
products can have access Q no other mar
kets. The constitution not only prohihifed /
States from laying imports Or duties upon
imports 81 exports. bat Il expressly dele /
gated to Congress the power 10 lay and /
collect taxes. duties. Imports and excises I
% pay debt and provide for the common /
defense and General welfare This Il a;Sss