Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1884-12-05
Population. Wages AMI Taxes In France.

At best the population of France
grows in numbers very slowly. Allow
ing for the million and half taken
away by Germany, the population of
France has, we may say. made no prog
ress at all sin 1860. Its Numbers are
smaller now than they were fifteen wears
ago, while the load of taxation has al
most doubled-in mere debt charges il
has more than doubled. Equally sta
tlonary has been the export trade of
France. The average Of recent years
has indeed been lover than for the
years Immediately succeeding the war.
Imports have. on tho other hand. aug
mented much, but not because the
country has been internally prosperous.
The increase is the consequence of bad
harvests, and indicates further denuda-
ton of the wealth of the people.
France may. therefore, be considered
to exist under conditions that have not
materially changed within the past ten
years. so far as new developments Of
its resources are concerned. The high
er wages of its population. therefore,
represent little more than an artificial
'state-induced prosperity born Of aug
fnented debt and an inflated currency.
The statements constantly made before
the Parliamentary commission lately
established in France to examine the
position of the working classes proves
this. The representative, for example,
OF the carpentry trade stated that mems
wages had doubled since IS45, hut
10000 men out of the 10000 COM
prising his guild were out
of work in Paris alone.
Here. therefore. we have purely arti-
fetal industrial condition, and upon
this unnatural structure the French
Government has built pile of debt
which demands about f6 pc annum
per family for its service. This is
reckoning the family at five. as in En-
gland, although that is probably too
high. Putting Paris alongside London
for the sake of comparison with the
preceding essay, find that in addition
to his payment of &c to the State Treas
ury for debt charges. the head of
family of five in thai city must find e.
los. toward the charges o. the debt If
Paris. Reckoning per head, imperial
debt takes 23s. from the workman per
annum, and Partisan debt SIS; or to-
gether, II LIS. The rest of France. of
course. has no such load to endure. and
that of Paris is mitigated by its being
the greatest resort of the wealthy in
Europe next to London. and by the fact
that it owns the water supply. Still. here
we have the weakest spot, and these
figures tell US in a general way the Sc
cret of that Partisan unrest and discon-
tent which ever and anon threatens
France. Adding together all the
charges paid out of taxes. local and
imperial, the Partisan 0ucricr has to
find on the average about Il Is. per
annum out of his earnings Now, as
suming that he is fully employed. the
average earnings of the Partisan arti-
san is under rather than above sos
per week. or f75 per aunum. Debt
charges alone consequently cost the
Partisan workman about fortnight's
income, and his entire share Of the
public burdens, if he be unincumbered
with wife and family, represents about
five weeks earnings. In proportion rs
his family increases the power of the
workman to live under his load becomes
less. Even If his wife works she can
do comparatively little to help him.
for the average earnings of females is
not above half crown a day, or lbs.
per week. k.-Fortnightiy ReUi 10.