Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1884-07-27
GcientlGc Notes.

DIR. w. Alexeyeff, OF the Russian Cbemi-
cal and Physics Society, has published
memoir on the specific heat OF solutions.
After a searching investigation OF those so.
l1tions which are accompanied by lower
ing OF temperature, he believes that this
pbenomenon takes place in those liquids
which have not chemical affinity, aud
that :hese liquids are true solutions. on
the other hand, in those cases where a rise
OF temperature occurs, he believes that the
dissolved liquid enters into chemical COM
bination with the dissolving one.
The three-year-old gorilla which died
lately at the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, was
imported from the Gaboon district, West
Africa, and was the first living specimen
OF this ape ever brought to France. lie was
surly and solitary IN his habits, barely tole-
rating any OF the other apes near him.
His intelligence was far below that OF the
orang-outang or the chimpanzee. He had
full command OF his well-developed hands.
His phosiogn0my, says Milne Edwards,
was very peculiar, bis eyes being very mo-
bile, and crowned with large superciliary
ridges, the nose Nat, aud the nostrils wide.
To preserve cast-iron without the an
noyance OF painting II q technical journal
blNeo tut iOnOWlUk HtiuOu n tdstTOu
article, after having been picked to re-
move the scale, Is left to dry with the acid
still on II. The work Is then cleaned with
a wire-brush and scraped with coarse
file, leaving notified surface. After
swabbing with crude petroleum and while
still wet the article IL again rubbed with
wire brush. As a. result there Is an un-
changeable surface with an agreeable color.
Exat mill he. - col
produces very pleasing aud permanent
effect, but the petroleum prevents after
stains and mellows and blends the lints.
Professor Macintosh has been enabled by
the Scottish Fishery Board to carry on q
number Of important preliminary inquiries
in piscieulture at st. Andrews. These re-
searches will relate TO the possibility OF
increasing, by artificial means, the supply
OF fiat fi'h, and TO the spawning habits and
life history Of food fishes in general. He
has already succeeded In Matching from
artiflcially-fertilized ova the founder,
whiting, paddock, and cod, aud in deter
mining the number OF the eggs OF tho CUR
nard and other fish. The Nature Is in
formed that Professor Hubrecht, OF Utrecht,
is also expected to work at the st. Andrews
marine station during the autumn.
A new speed-indicator for marine en-.
gines has been invented by Mr.. w. T.
Goolden and Sir A. Campbell. A disk
forming sort OF nut on a screw, driven
by the engine shaft, turns In an opposite
direction to the motion Of the screw, and
rolls on cone kept turning at a uniform
rate by means OF clock.work. The posi-
ton Of the disk on the screw depends on
the surface velocity OF the cone. As 1t
travels the disk makes q series OF electric
currents. which indicate its position on
set OF dials. Recording mechanism can
also be attached. A somewhat similar aD-
paratus hes also been invented by Mr.. w.
Baily, having circular plane or disk in
stead OF the cone. The idea OF using
screw for such purpose Is not new.
A tendency to crime maniiests itself at
very early age through certain "well-
known characteristics" for MN. Lom-
braso and Mano have studied $50 infants,
and especially 100 from houses Of refuge,
snd easily recognized the criminal type in
the proportion OF IA per cent. The loss OF
a moral sense was observable in A per
cent, and veritable propensity TO crime
in 10 per cent. Out OF 30 infants they hare
noticed, however. the disappearance OF the
criminal tendencies partly through nom
Inheritance, partly under the beneficial in
1uence Of their surroundings. aud partly
because the criminal passions existing at a
certain period disappear In maturity.
These savants should have honestly added
as smother partly !" that the primary ludg-
m MT plrpi