The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1884-10-04

i~~'NAN0 heLo III CfGlN llSlduCC UCCh
Eund to be from southwest to north
st, and the region affected has usually
ID It's greatest extension in the same
yectlon. 1t has been suggested that
p center of disturbance thus indicated
the submarine region between the
pores, Ieneritfe, and the Cape Verd
and-a region which has been re-
jrded as the principal source of the
4let European earthquakes. In the
9eat Lisbon earthquake, for instance,
tie wave of disturbance came from this
Tolcanic region III the western seas.
And it has been luld by some of our
lblest vulcanologists that nearly all, if
rot all, the regions of disturbance in
southern Europe communicate with the
'egion under the Atlantic.
The earliest British earthquake of
which any record has reached us is that
which, according to Wendover, shook
the whole of England in 974. Proba-
bly, In those days a few scattered reports
Of earth thrOes from places tolerable far
apart would do duty as evidence of an
earthquake shaking all England. AS
suredlY Wendover had not satisfactory
evidence from all parts of England; and
rom what we know f later earth
guakes it is probable that that of 974
us limited to a much smaller region
InAn thiSaccountwould seem to suggest.
eat 5.alls .s=,:af. l0Sl a he9yy bel.
Towing, according to one chroniclcr,
was heard throughout the length and
breadth of England, and in like man
per tht accounts of the earthquake Of
1889 inlicate, with similar want of pre-
cision, most probably, a disturbance
alfectin; the whole country-"a mickle
earth-strring over all England" The
unscientfc observers of the day attrib-
uted thelate harvest of that year to the
earthquake.
A sepre earthquake was felt in the
western and midland parts of England
in ITO The valley of the river Trent
must hive been very violently shaken,
for theriver was dried up at Noting
ham, md so remained, according to
the chonicler, from morning to the
third bur of the day, insomuch that
mennewalked drye-shodde" through
its chanel This shock may probably
have ben due to remote disturbance
of greet violence, for it has been OBJ
served that when England has been
slightlyshaken by the effects of dis
tant erth-shock the waters in the
rivers and lakes have often shown the
most nlrked effects of the disturbance.
The twelfth and thirteenth centuries
were remarkably prolific in great earth
quakes in the British Isles. Passing
over thewidely felt earthquake of 1888,
there WIS an earthquake of great VIC
lence miles. 1t was feltin the eastern
counties and apparently belonged tc
the sam set of earthquakes as thai
which WIS felt so sharply last April il
Essex. Matthew Paris tells us that il
Ely, Norfolk and Suffolk this earth
quake threw men to the ground anC
rang thebells. 1t does not seem K
have fully relieved the pent-up force
beneaththe eastern counties, for onl1
twenty years later there occurred al
earthquake in which old Lincoln Ca
fhddral was thrown down, and mucl
Instruction wrought in Lincolnshire AM
-&1h boring counties. Two years late
aINNer violent earthquake was expert
ened in the eastern parts of England
AM many strong buildings were throw
dom. 1t seems likely that during tn
net ten or twenty years we may hav
similar evidence that a single earth
uuke is insufficient to relieve the east
er1earthquake region of England. In tn
years of 1247 and 124S two remarkabl
earthquakes occurred, one in the east
the other in the west of England, a
though a mighty subterranean oscilla
,tion had slowly taken place, THROWN
the line of disturbance over from cas-
lowest. In the former year. accordln
to Matthew Paris, many buildings o
thu banks of the Thames were flung
the ground. He adds that "a few day
after, the sea became unnaturally calm
ash the tides had ceased, and so It
NAMED for about three months. " BIT
tits very unlikely that the earthquak
had anything to do with this ocean,
anomaly. In the western earthquake
of l248 the destruction wrought wa
greater than in any modern BIRTHS
earthquake. The Cathedral of s.
Dsvid's was partially destroyed; par
of the tower of Wells Cathedral wa
flung down and fell through the roo
several churches in Somersetshire wer
seriously damaged, wide rents bein
apparent in the walls.
But the earthquake of SeptembeI
1915, was still more destructive. W
are told by Matthew of Westminstt
that the church of st. Michael of tn
| Hill. outside Glastonbury, was levelle
TO the ground by the violence of tn
earthquake. Many other large churcht
were destroyed or greatly injured.
Those who recognize or imagine
connection between the earthquakes
\ Great Britain and the movements o.
curing within the volcanic region {
4 Southern Europe remark that durin
..sif.rthe time that England was thus di
turbed, the region of which Vesuvius
4 the principal outlet had been quiescen
1t is perhaps rather convenient for TT
theory of connection between BIRTHS
earthquakes and the Vesuvian volcan
region that we may recognize eviden(
in favor of the theory whether disturb
ance in one region synchronizes wit
| disturbances in the other, or, on Il
other hand, with a time when the otht
region is unusually quiescent. Yet
must be admitted that even the appa
emily contradictory forms of eyiden'
derived from the quiescence of Nesuvi'
and its fellow-craters on the one han
or their unusual activity on the othe