, 1884-10-08

in the direction of their length; at the same time all stone
drains and underground channels are to be cleaned out
and repaired. The stuff brought up by this cleaning must
hoI De used on the road without permission of the road
authorities, but must be Immediately carted away if
placed on the fields by the road side with permission of
the owner concerned, it must not be within 10 feet from
the ditch. Care must be taken in cleaning out the bitches
not TO reduce the width of the tract of land belonging to
the road.
The roadway is to be cleaned by wedding ana the re-
moval of all kinds of refuse, and the surface is to be form
ed Ill the manner described in s /. Gravel and stones
must not be placed i'll heaps on the side of the roads but
they shall be spread on the driving way as soon as they
have been brought to the spot where they are to be used
the said roadmaterial, when too large in size, must be
crushed or broken into smaller pieces before it is brought
on the road. The Road Commission can, however, in
cases of necessity, give permission to crush stones along
the one side of the road, when it can be done without
stonninn the traffic. In putting on stones it should be re
membered as a general rule that when the material is of
different qualities the hardest and coarsest materials
should be used in the holes, the less hard material on the
higher p~laces.-Betore the holes are filled the bottom
should, if necessary, be broken up and cleaned out so that
the holes can contain the material completely without
leaving any of it projecting.
When the surface of the road has been properly dealt
with and cleaned, and the requisite material got ready for
laying on, the driving way is to be formed by spreading b
close and even layer of stone fragments i'll the middle of the
road for a breadth of at least II feet for the mainroads and
of at least 10 feet for the byroads. If the repair of the road
has been neglected for a very long time it may be neces-
sary to put on two layers of stone, but i'll that case it
would be preferable to allow some time to elapSe between
the putting on of the LIST and 2nd layers, so that the first
laver might have time to be pressed together and CONSOLE
dated by The traffic before the 2nd layer IS put on. On
those portions of the main roads where there is the most
Il9luC, PSDGCItiiN u lISUIuC III IN AShDou wv VI CAO
towns. the driving way ought to have a breadth OF at
least Is feet.
For filing mp the road. way on either side Of the driving
way the poorer material may be used, such as shore and
other gravel and fragments Of decomposing stone, the
material to be spread in such a way that the whole sur
face of the roadway shall acquire the prescribed form
and be even and full without holes or depreSSlons.
The repairs Of the paved water courses across the roads
is effected thus -
The single stones which lie too deep are to be taken up,
the hole filled with fine sand paving SANDY and thin
cement mortar 4arlass mortar), and the stones then
,nrInna and driven firmly down. t PUtS have been
formed IN the pavement or if larger portions OIL have sunk
down, the whole Of the part affected must be taken up
and relaid. 1t is important that the stones should be laid
upOn a 6 inch LAYER of paving sand over which thin cement
mortar UarIas8 mortar) has been poured. The stones
ought SO to be LAID down that the joints do not follow
each other in a line in the direction Of the traffic Should
the stones be much hrokan they are to be condemned
and new ones uSed.
themselves the repairs of bridges, stone drains, parapets
ratings and the like are to be effected; it is a matter of
course that all these works, ought if possible, to be
carried out in such Il way that the public traffic is not
thereby Interrupted, and on the whole suffers as little
chprl, as possihle. If it is necessary to break up the
road, in repairing a bridge for example Or a stone drain,
the work should as far as possible be completed first for
one half of the road SO that the other half can be used Tor
traffic. Should it prove necessary to leave an opening III
the road over night, the opening should be indicated by a
temporary railing having a lighted lantern affixed to 1T
and watch should be kept in order to prevent accidents.
Should it be necessary on account Of some more import
tant work Of repair to baTricade a road entirely against
traffic for some time, barrlcades ought TO DC erected on
both sides and at such places and in such a manner that
travellers on the road may be warned III time to take
another road.
Besides the annual General Repairs, the roads are to be
under inspection at all times of the year, and the minor
repairs which may become necessary are to be effected
without delay. The roadway should, as far as possible, be
kept clean, and fallen branches, cocOanut leaves, cocoanut
shells, pieces of cane, megasS and other refuse found upon
them should he removed without delay. Holes and ruts
in the road should be filled up with suitable materials, and
for this purpose it is advantageous to have heaps of such
materials in the neighbourhOod. In filling the smaller
holes the essential point is to get the materials to lie hrm
and compact, loose stones are an annoyance and OF no ser,
vice. If during heavy rains water should accumulate IN
occasional holes or depressions in the road, the water is
to be led off to the bitches and the hole filled up. Large
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