Smyrna times., 1884-04-09

1 pressure i'll all directions, and which a
it never loses. We see in solids n
gravity which, whether increased v
specifically or otherwise, determines on e
being immersed in this fluid the ratio G
of stability i'll motion or at rest, as will v
be shown in illustration with block '
of wood equally as well as with t
thousand ton ship. If block Of wood {
II inches long, inches wide and l
inches thick or deep, and for better t
understanding devoid of any shape,
being perfectly square, and weighing
four pounds one and one half ounces,
is placed in vessel containing water
to the brim, this block of wood will
displace, or cause to flow over the brim,
q quantity of water which on being
weighed will coincide with the block
of wood in weight, that is the water
will weigh exactly four pounds, one
and one half ounces. This is the ton
mage of displacement and is appli-
cable to every solid immersed in fluids,
subject in only a slight degree to the
specific gravity of the fluid, for the
block would not displace SO much sea
water and hence a lighter tonnage of
displacement. This advantage carries
with it some weight as will be seen,
but does not insure stability where |
stability is wanting, or, what is the
same thing, buoyancy 1t remains now
to determine in this block the location
of two points that are in their relation
to each other respectively, negative
and positive, viz: the centre of gravi-
ty and the ratio of stability. For this
purpose we mark the junction the
water makes on the block while in the
vessel and call it the deepest load line
of flotatiOn If ship of 5000 tons
burthen were built from this block of
wood it would indicate no deeper line
of flotatiOn loaded to its full capacity
than what it gives, unless q radical
mistake had been made in the material
used and its gravity, and right here it
is we'll to say that no more ships have
been lost at sea than have been ruined
on the stocks, by making the ratio of
stability subservient to the centre of
J gravity. The two must not coincide;
if they do unseawOrthiness is the result.
Having marked the load line we take
out the block and determine first the
centre Of gravity. This is done by
suspending the block diagonally and
vertically and marking II plumb line
2 dropped from each corner and where
it intersects at the point of crossing,
t while this point carries the weight of
S positivcness, and is for the time being
: Interchangeable 50 also is the ratio of
: stability. The centre of gravity is six
n inches from the ends and two inches
g from the top aud bottom as the block
iloated in the vessel. If the marked
: load line indicates three inches III
& from the bottom it shows the point o
d stability to be above the point of gravi
d ty and is what is called stable, or
Ie good sea boat. Now we tack piec
$, of lead on the upper or deck part o
ID the block, say one inch thick, agail
n immerse it, and instead of having on
u inch freeboard we have the deck evel
te with the water, and all stability is lost
nc because the two are coinciding. An
ne this, and this alone, has brought abOu
MS the failure of the United States mon
NJ tors in being effective sea boat
On !. e., want of buoyancy, and vii
be save millions of dollars to the Coy
Sc ernment by discarding constructio
e. that is at variance with the laws {
to nature, for what is false to nature
to false in principle.
a Now as to the Alabama and VIII;
of was demonstrated by her. Probabl
by her best epitaph is, as the sea weed
IRE clustering around her bones off Il
lot coast of France, that Time the gent
vo- arbiter of all things" mitigates the ia
It's. that although she was the chief instr
BILE ment in sweeping the American cor
,ur merce from the seas as she ranged fro
act high to low ATTITUDES, that the halo
cry romance nevertheless, will adorn
to bright page in American history,
ng, the deeds of the daring cruiser a
,ost again and again recorded. 1t must
100. remembered that her advent upon
fter seas was at a time when the clipp
,ors ships of America disdained to p
$ of tribute to the ships of any other natiC
1 be ality for want of speed. The tall tap
ient ing spars of these ships bore the OF
ac- flag on earth that is lost in the sim
war tude of the azure blue of heaven. A
loes whether the morning sun burst up
the the latitudes of the North, or paled
act Southern cross in warmer climes,
lace red and white stripes and deepblus of
off armament found its counterpart at
rior- mast head of the American clipper
ixed every part of the world. 1t was
ting served for England to so fashion Ii
whose graceful contour offered no
1red sistance to the questioning ws
ston through which the Alabama so OF
ould flew in pursuit and certain capture
v by our own winged racers. 1t ain
the seemed useless to apply steam II
,hese ship, which only once had to use IL
that connection with sail to capture
still very best ships that America &C
j, ex- produce for speed, viz: the New Y
turn and Boston clippers. And after al
ering go down in gallant fight at a t
nents when it was thought she was the eC
other at least of her adversary, was to
other the best of it to fight in the br'
clad and die in the ditch" But what '
that the conditions that the Kearsarge
ment alabama fought under, in size, al
came in batteries, the same; conscious
come the eyes of thousands of French
rt by only looked on this death grappl'
# dis the best man to win, and still
anger was to rise above the surging w
,stead and the smoke of battle an ide.
better still fact, that would in
and palIiate all the damage the Ala
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