Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1884-03-01
FARM AND GARDEN,
Notes and Suggestions.

All cuttings IN Wnlcn horses, cattle, eneep,
nogs or poultry are kept should be well venti-
iateo, but not in such a manner as to admit
draughts.
II steamer for cooking food will pay for its
cost In two seasons. If it does not add to the
Dulk OF food it renders it more easily digested
and more nourshing.
- Barbed wire can be used as fence against
hogs by putting the lower wire four inches
from the ground and the next wire foot or
fourteen inches higher. This fence does not
need to be high if hogs only are to be enclosed.
1t is claimed by our most experienced
stock-grOwers that colts should never be per
mitted to stand on hard floor such as plank,
brick. stone or cement. until after they are a
year old. as HARD floors are liable to inure their
feet and limbs.
There is quite a difference between the
common turkey and the large bronze variety
Young gobblers of a years growth of the
bronze have been known to weigh forty pounds.
and pairs OF bronze turkeys. of longer growth,
often weigh three times as much as a pair of
the common stock.
= The Lombard plum is said to be curculio
proof; but this is due to its productiveness. as
the tree Overbears and ripens portion of it's
frult despite the destruction by the insects
Inc habit of Oyerproducton causes it to die
sooner than other varieties, however though it
period by manuring and care.
- Many a man has had his pork fail to keep
properly because it was sailed in frozen con-
dition- Frozen meat, whether beef pork or
mutton, will not properly assimilate with salt,
and cannot be depended on to keep in hot
weather. A moments reflection will make
this seem go reasonable that one will wonder
why he did not think of it before.
Mr.. Stewart. member of the Warsaw
0n.) Horticultural society, is said to have
raised an annual crop of apples for fifteen con-
secutiye years-a pleasing fact due i'm some
measure, he thinks. to his management He
cultlvates so as to make the tree grow as rap
idly as possible until the bearing age, after
which he cultivates but little, but keeps the sod
down by mulching.
- Horatio Seymour has recently written a
letter warmly encouraging the planting of wild
cherry for lumber uses. 1t makes a rapid
Straight growth. and its wood is likely to be
more and more valuable as it is capable of high
polish. MIR. Seymour has one fine old tree of
this variety shading his house which has grown
up within the last forty years, and he has MANY
other trees planted in various places on his farm
The Agricultural Epitonis says: $50 soon
as the manure is entirely cleaned out of the
barnyard the bottom should be covered with
straw or other refuse material, to absorb the
liquid eXcrement that would otherwise be vast.
ed. Muck, where it can be secured without
carrying too far, is excellent for this purpose.
But IL must be remembered that the last loads
ID the barnyard are much more valuable than
the first"
The farmer should keep enough stock to
consume all the hay, grain and surplus produce
that Is raised on the farm, as by 80 doing he will
generally get better price for what he raises
ana IL Will be much easier marketed. The far
mer should guard we'll against over stocking
which ls prominent fault with those farmers
who estimate their profits by the number of
cows and hogs they have, without regard to the
condition they are in.
- A hog sweats, not like horse or man, but
through his fore legs, just below the knee, in
the form of sieve. Through this the sweat
passes on. and it is necessary that this be kept
OPEN IL it gets closed as is sometimes the
case. the hog will get sick. To cure him. SIM
ply, open the pores. This is done by rubbing
ana washing with warm water There is not
ihuch danger. however, of healthy hog ever
Dein@ troubled in this way. Once in while it
VIII occur III the best regulated hog pens.
- 1t is rare thing to find cooked food in the
hangers Of horses in this country. and vet it is
used literally beyond the Atlantic. The late
Mr.. Mech. OF England was in the habit of
steaming nearly all the straw for his animals.
horses Included. Professor Dick recommends
for general adoption in manger feeding the
practice of cooking food for horses on the
ground that by aiding the organs of digestion
much eXertiOn is saved to the system a result
which is likewise attained by the brusjug of
oats and beans and cutting of hay and straw.
- An experienced breeder of farm horses gives
as his opinion that the best animal for the farm
Is tnat produced by crossing the thoroughbred
(the running hOrse) on large, coarse mares II
the mares are partly Norman or Clydeslale so
much the better: but the use Of the th0rou oh
bred insures stamina. endurance, and yipOr
4 small e fh.. Il
are heavily covered with muscle and the horses
OF that breed are famous for speed courage
and power The cross produces horse very
similar TO the Clevelands, and such horses are
not only well adapted for nearly all purposes on
the farm, but do not fail till well advanced in
years.
ALI young fruit trees. says the Country
Ce7atenaa, which do not make growth of two
feet for the longest shoots in season need adj
ditonal stimulatn with manure if the ground
Is Clean and we'll cultivated. or if they stard in
grass or happen to be encountered with weeds
good mellow cultivation must be given them.
ms IS the rule for young trees, and the best
time II manure is applied is late in autumn or
during the winter, the earlier the better But
manure appears to do the most good on hear
INC trees. especially apple trees, often good
annual crops where poor and biennial crops
We're given before. Bearing trees need not
grow SO rapidly as young trees but if they do
they need more manure or both manure and
cultivation. The manure may be spread broad
cast i'll winter covering the whole surface.
- Some people recommend planting straw
berries in May and June. and Others in Septem-
Der and October; each practice has its adherents
and while they are settling which is best we
will prepare our ground by deep trenchnp and
liberal dressing from the compost heap. and
then will tell them that the best time for plant
ing the strawberry is as soon as you can get the
frost out OF the ground in spring. If planted in
september and October, more than One-haf of
the young plants are thrown out and DESTROYED
by frost, and If planted in May and June, the
hot. dry weather coming on before thew have
got permanent hold Of the soil shriyels more
than half of them up; but when planted before
the sun has much power, and while there is
plenty of moisture in the ground. and generally
a liberal allowance Of showers. they commence
with the season and never go back Vich's
Illustrated Magazine.
- 1t has often been said that no rule can be
given to guide tyro primer, because every
tree, bush OF vine requires some modification OF
treatment. But there are rules applicable quite
generally. OF which a leading one is to thin from
the exterior so that all shoots left shall have
ample distance to expand their leaves in full
light without shading each other. or shading
those OF the inner fruitbe.;Ting spurs In orchard
trees. Where branch can be STAYED apart
rom Others into an open space it is q
double economy to do that rather than
to cut 1t of. because there is the saving
OF its frut-yield. and the saving to the tree Of
wound. Every wound is Injurious that
remains open to the air through second -
son. All Wholesale pruning of whole brar]kNs
twies and all. for the sake of speed does more