St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1884-12-02

Inis arm OF the service i dictated by considera-
tions OF use. economy. Of just regard for our
future tranquility and OF true appreciation Of
the dignity and honor Of this republic
THE PosToFFrcE DEPAETxExr.
The report Of the postmaster general aequaiuts
rs with the present condition and needs Of the
postal service. It diseioses she gratifying fact
that the loss Of revenue from the reduction in
the rate OF letter postage. as recommended in
my message Of December. 1Ss2. and effected by
the act Of March 3D.. 1883. has been much lees
than was generally anticipated Ny recommends
ton Of this reduction was based upon the belief
that the actual falling OF in receipts
from letter postage for the year Immediately
succeeding the change Of rate. Won De $1,000
OOO- IL has proved 70 be only S2,s75. 90. This
is Trustworthy indication that the revenue will
soon be restored 10 is former volume by material
increases OF sealed correspondence. ! conf
IDENTITY repeat, therefore. the recommendation OF
ny last annual message that single rate postage
upon drop letters be reduced to one cent wher-
ever payment Of two cents i row required by
law The double rate i only exacted At Offices
where the carrier system l. in operation and il
appears that AZ these Offices thar the increase in
tax upon local letters defrays the
cost not only OF lis own eoIlecti-n
ana delivery. but OF the collection and delivery
Of older mail matter and this = an Inequality
that ought no longer 10 exist. / approve the
recommendation OF the postmaster general that
the unit Of weight In the rating OF hrst class
matter should be one ounce instead Of one-half
ounce, as il nOw Is. In view Of the statistics
furnished by the department il NAV be well
doubted whether the chsnge would result IN any
lOss Of revenue; that il would greatly promote
the convenience OF the public is beyond dis
pute. and the free delivery system has been
lately applied to five cities and the
total numser Of ofiees II which IL
IL now IN operation Is one hundred
nd zhn hat afn
ton under proper conditions Is equally an ac-
eommOdatiou 10 the public, aud an advantage 10
the postal service IL is more than self sustain
Ing. AID for The reasons urged BY the postmaster
general may properly Re extended IL Is the
opinion Of that officer that Il is proper TO provide
means, whereby exceptional dispatch in dealing
with letters in free delivery offices may he sc
cared b. the payment Of extraordinary postage.
Tnis scheme might he made effective by the en-
Payment % a special stamp. whose cost shall be
commensurate with expense Of tie extra service.
In some OF the large cities pri-
vate express companies have under
taken 70 outstrip the government mail carriers
~ zd0rd.ng for prompt TRANSMISSION Of letters
better facilities than have aitaertO been al the
command Of the post ofice. II has always been
the policy OF the government 10 discourage such
enterprises and 10 no better way can that pol
icy be maintained than In supplying the public
with the most efieient service that with due re.
gard to lis own pest interests can be furnished
for i.s recommendation.
DEPARTMENT or JUSTICE.
The attorney general reuews the recommen-
dstion contained in BIZ report Of last year touch
ing fees Of witnesses and Jurors.
tie favors . radical change :. in the fee
which attorneys aud marshals Of the United
stat should te compensated solely by salaries
and the erection y the government Of a peni-
te tiary for the confinement Of offenders against
its laws. OF TIE varied governmental concerns
in charge OF the
ISTERIoB DEPARTMENT.
the reports Of is secretary present interesting
summary. Among the topics deserving partic-
ulAr attention l refer you 10 his observations
respecting our Indian Affairs, the pre-emption
and timber culture acts. the failure OF railroad
companies TO take title 10 lands granted by the
government and the operations Of the pension
Offices, the patent Office. the census
bureau snd the bureau OF education,
AliusiOn has been made already to the circum-
stance that. both between different Indian
tribes and a. between the Indians aud the whites
the past year, has been one OF un6roken peace.
In this circumstance the president Is glad to ind
jus alton for the policy OF the government In
dealing with the Indian question, and confrma-
ton OF the views which were fully expressed In
his first communication 10 the Forty seventh
congress. The secretary urges new enactment
for the punishment Of crimes committed on In
dian &c .valions. and re Ommend- the passage
OF the Dill now pending In the house OF repre-
sentatives, for the purchase Of tract Of 1900
square miles from the sioux reservation.
Both these measures are worthy OF approval
concur with him also, In advising the repeal Of
the presumption law. the enactment OF slatntes
resolving the present legal complications touch
ing apses Of grants TO railroads. and the funding
OF the debt OF the sew Pacific railroads, under
such guaranty az shall Insure its ultimate pay
ment The report Of the
UrAH COMMISSION
will be read with interest. II diseloses the re-
suits OF the recent LEGISLATION looking to the pre-
vention and puni.hmeI II OF polygsmy in this ter
ritory. still believe hat II that abominable
practice cannot be suppressed by law,
IL can only be by the most radical legislation con-
sistent with the restraints OF the constitution.
/ again recommend, therefore, that congress as
sumo absolute political control Of the territory
OF Utah. and provide for the appointment Of a
commission with such governmental powers as
In its judgment may justify aud wisely be put into
their hands.
In the course OF this communication reference
has more than once been made TO the policy Of
this government as regards the extension OF
our
FOREIGN TRADE
II seems proper TO declare the general prinei-
Piles that should in my opinion underlie our ma
tonal efforts Ia this direction. The main con-
ditions OF the problem may thus be stated and
we are q people engaged in mechanical pursuits
and fertile IN invention, and We cover vast extent
of territory rich in agricultural products, and in
nearly ali the raw materials necessary for sue
cessful manufacture. We have = system Of pro-
duetive establishments more than sufficient TO
supply our demands 1hs wages Of labor now
here also are go great the scale OF living Of our
artisan classes is such as tends TO secure their
personal comfort and the Developments OF those
higher morals and intellectual qualities that 20
to the making Of good citizens.
TAKRF.
Our system OF tax and tariff le-
gislation Is yielding a revenue which
Is in excess OF the present needs Of the
government. These are the elements
from which Il Is sought to devise a
scheme by which, without lnf1voraDly chang
ing the condition OF the workingmen.
our merchant marine shall be raised from its en-
feeoled condition. and new markets provided for
their sale beyond our borders Of the manifold
fruits of our industrial enterprise. The problem
Is complex and can be solved by single meas
ure of innovation or reform. The countries OF
the American continent and the adjacent islands
are for the United States the natural market Of
supply and demand. Il is from them that we
should obtain what we do produce or do not pro-
duce in suficieney. and IL Is to them tha; the
plu. productions Of our felds, our mills and our
work shops should how-under conditions
that will equalize or favor them
in comparison with foreign competition,
70 m paths Of the policy seem to point TO this
end.
First, A series OF reciprocal commerciai
treaties with the countries Of America, which
shall foster between Us and them an unhampered
movement OF trade. The conditions OF these
treaties should be the free admission OF such
merchandise this country does not produce
in return for the admission free, or under 3
favorable scheme. Of duties Of our own products.
The benefits Of such exchange TO apply on those
goods carried under the flag OF the parties 70 the
contract. The removal Of both sides from YES
sells 90 privileged Of al tonnage dues and
national imports. so that their vessels
may ply unhindered between our