davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-12-05

A FORCE of Black Flags and Chinese regu-
lars entrenched near Tu-yen-quan, Tonquin,
was attacked by French troops under Colonel
Duchesne The Chinese were routed. Their
Notifications and three fortified villages were
destroyed.
R1oTs among students in Madrid, Spain,
have grown very mrio us. Hundreds of ar
rests have been ade and many persons
wounded.
Ell MAHDI, the False Prophet, has from
$1,000 to 20, 900 men entrenched around Khar-
toum. The British troops are advancing to
Gordons relief.
AN iron safe in the late duke of Brunswick
villa at Heitzing, which was bequeathel to
the Duke of Cumberland, was supposed to be
empty. Investigation, however, has revealed
the fact that it contains coin and paper money
to the value of 100000.
=, VIENNA dispatch records the death of
tanny Elssler, once the worlds greatest dan
GER In 1919 she made tour of America.
ACTIVE measures are still being taken in
China for the war with France.
AN affray between Americans and Mex.
cans in mining camp in Sonora, Mexico,
resulted in the death Of six men.
TWENTY thousand men will be put at work
this winter on the Canadian Pacific railway
COLLISION between the bark Luke Bruce
ana the steamer Durango, in the English
channel, resulted in the sinking of the latter
and the drowning of twenty persons
SEVERAL violent earthquake shocks have
been felt at Geneva, Switzerland.
A TRAGEDY in Paris has created great
sensation. The wife of NJ. Hughes, a mem
Der of the French legislature, shot and killed
NJ. NORM, a prominent official. The lady had
been slandere1 by NJ. NORM, who had been
sentenced to two years Imprisonment for the
SANDER, but had managed to have the case
postponed from time to time, until, exas-
perated by the laws delay, Madame Hughes
killed him. Her deed is generally applauded
by the Parislans.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-12-05
Pay During The Revolution.

The scale of compensation was at the
extreme of moderation. In no degree,
however, in the absence of value to the
currency in which it was rated, could
pay have been invested with the attrac-
ton of reward. Yet it is submitted as
not devoid Of interest. To the Office of
director of the military hospitals was
attached the pay of $50 per month,
two rations, one for servant and two OF
forage; to that of the chief physician
and surgeon OF the army, $40 per
month, two horses and wagon. and two
rations of forage; to each Of the three
chief physicians and surgeons of the hos
pitfalls, $40 per month and two rations;
to the puryeyor, $3.50, and his assistant
$75 per month; to the apothecary, $50
per month, and his two assistants, $50
per month each; to the fifteen hospital
physicians and surgeons, $l2O per month
each, and TO each of the twenty six
mates, $50 per month. The stewards
received each $50 per month; the clerks
and storekecpers 81 per day; the seven
matrons fifty cents each and Il ration per
day; the thirty nurses each two shillings
and a ration per day, and the orderlies,
if soldiers, one shilling and a ration, and
if citizens, two shillings and Il ration a
day.-Na1aziHe Of -AmericdnHtst0ry.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-12-05
Foreign.

IMMENSE damage has been done in Madras,
India, by cyclone.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-12-05

The agricultural classes of France have
5000, 900, 600 on deposit in the Govern
ment Savings bank, on which they are
paid four per cent interest. They are
also, in the aggregate, among the largest
investors in government bonds.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-12-05

NINE. CHRISTINE NILSSON will remain in
England during the greater part of the win
ter. She will appear next year at Drury
Lane. in injunction with Mr.. Mapleson's
company in LA Juive' ami several other
works.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
NEWS OF THE DAY.
Interesiinr Exenis in Yarions stnt,

Interesting Events in various states.
WILLIAM M. ROGERS, prominent and
wealthy citizen OF Newport, II. l., cut his
throat near Jacksonville, Fla, last night
while temporarily insane.
Buy B. II. Douglass & Sons Capsicum
Cough Drops for your children they are harm.
less, pleasing TO the taste and will cure their
colde. d. 8. and Trademark on evory drop.
HOWARD SULLIVAN, tho colored boy in
prison at Salem, N. ", under sentence OF
death for the murder OF Ella Watson, refuses
70 cat, and II 10 believed intends to starve
himself to death.
Prince Albert suits. Eiseman Bros, 9Th
ana T..
In Brooklyn, NJ Y, last night, Michael
Dyrnes, / 8 years OF age, was stabbed ana killed
BY Chnuncey 50. Martin, 10 years old. Dyrnes
tried 70 force 81. Martin to give him cent,an
tin tried TO escape, and Dyrnes pursuing him,
st. Martin stabbed him.
Nobby Pants to order, ~. Hamburger's.
THE largest tugboat ever built in this
country was launched yesterday from Neano
h Levy's shipyerd, In Philadelphia. rho YES
eel Is Intended for use In the Gulf OF Mexico
and In tho harbor OF New Orleans, In connoc-
tiOn with the improvements In tho Mississippi,
by the owner, Captain Eads.
THE dinner bell Of MARY" the mother
OF George Washington, can DO seen at j. Karr's,
029 Pennsylvania avenue.
A STATEMENT is published in Chicago
that niece OF Richard Wagner, III great COM
poser, is living I'm Baltimore In great want. Her
maiden name was Dorothea Brackhaus. She
was married to Baron Won Berckteldt an ON.
Ger In the Hanoverian army, who, It is stated,
is laborer In fertilizer factory In Chicago,
earning 81 per day.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
FROM OVER THE OCEAN.
News from the old World Told by
Cable

The German Government has made an ami
cable representation to Prime Minister Ferry
against the legality of tho blockade at Formosa
without a declaration OF war having been
made.....The recent Official correspondence re-
lating TO Egyptian AFFAIRS has been made pub
lie in London.....The Bundesrath has decided
TO recognize the delegates OF the Council OF
Regency OF Brunswick ..The Communal
in favor OF the repeal OF the new education
law"...The death Of Herr Frederick Kapp, at
one time advocate In Now York, is announced
In Berlin.,....At meeting OF the Diet OF tho
Duchy OF Brunswick yesterday the president
read letter from Emperor William express
Ing anxiety to solve constitutionally the sue.
cession di1lculty The Irish party In Parlla-
ment has decided TO withhold Its vote on the
Franchise bill. This will reduce the Govern.
ment majority TO SO on q division :. The Bel
gian Liberals express great discomfort with
the new ministry for the reason that it Is as
strongly Catholic as the last one.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
bishop Pinkney,s Successor.

a meeting was held last night In Baltimore
at the Church OF the Ascension TO discuss the
Maryland. Addresses were made by Rev. DR..
Campbell Fair, Rev. Mr.. George A. Leakin, ON
the need OF a bishop; Rev. DR.. W. l.. Hyland,
Mr.. A. O. McCabe, on our duty to elect bishop;
Rev. MIR. j. q. Grant and Rov. Mr.. p. Wroth, on
the relations OF bishop 10 tho laity. Rey.
laity cay who should be bishop, for they are
the sinews OF the church. What the laity
wanted was business man, a man genial, a
wind OF doctrine, OF broad sympathies and one
who would be In thorough sympathy with
Marylan mon and manners. After the meet
ing In the church public conference was held
should DO taken so as TO concentrate upon one
person. Remarks were made by Rev. Drs.
Hutton, Hyland, Nelson, Mason, Rev. Messrg
Wroth and McCabe and DR.. p. O. Williams.
The sentiment OF the meeting was strongly In
favor Of Rev. DR.. EccIestOn for bishop.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Tho annual report OF the Director OF the Mint
to the Secretary OF the Treasury for the fiscal
year 1884 shows that the deposits OF gold
during the year amounted to $40, $40, OF
which over 100000 were of domestic pro.
deposited for bars amounted at its coinage
value TO S36, $40 300, of which over S31 900 900
was OF domestic production. The total value OF
gold and silver deposited and purchased, In
coinage amounted to $57SS0,021, OF which
S27,932,S2d was goldj S29,773,380 silver.
The average price for silver bullion at New
York was LIZ per ounce fine. The number
OF silver dollars distributed was over $1,000
600, and the total amount estimated to be In
active circulation was over $40,000,0CJ.
Twenty million doilars' worth OF the precious
metals was used by those engaged IN the
manufacture and repair OF articles OF orna-
mentation-s14, 100000 In gold and $500.
900 In silver. In the coinage OF gold the United
States stands 1lrst aud Germany second.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
CHAs. Il. PUoH. General Manager. 81 Ake"''
& OHIO RAILROAD.

THE MODEL, FAST LINE AND THE ONLY
THE EAST EAST AND hErT TME WEST
DOUBLE Th4 ETkr1, }HA aSfl COUPLER
Schedule In effect SUNDAY. JUNE IT, 1884.
Leave washington from station corner OF Now
Jersey avenue and q street,
daily at 3.0s A, NJ, IOlb A. NJ, 1910 p 81. WIZ
SsSpo without changes 1o5 A. NJ daily 10
a1 ESr r q g Ct $40 NJ and SO
S Win eepSE ao P SSsHssna and De-
For Toledo and Detroit Via Monroeyilie, 1o15
ing and dny, WIZ sleeper for Toledo, via Wheel
Trains .. for Philadelphia and New York q. $40
u and 1910 r NJ daily with Paricr ana sn Sleeping s
40 800 and ieo IS A. N H. G isic, CG e. 49, s
any ana "a IL train) 40, $50, ESQ., 100. $40 $40
For Baltimore on Sundays, $40, 500, $50 A. NJ
L2S 2S5 400, 40, 5so, $50, 100 $40 40, ioioP ~
ssly s valley s Railroad
For way stations between Washington and Bal.
I'D 5cG n. On Sundays $50 A NJ and La, ilo
rST a s,siIo u , On METROPOLITAN Brsnch 40
s'aSas 81 Ms'tsSs sSniSn
H.: lois A. NJ. 4.45 p. NJ. daily. except Sunday.
except Sunday. 's
Trs le ar5iSs from the West daily, &C., 75o A.
From rom New York and Phlladelphla, 255, $50 A.
II From a nm ~. ~ saiy except SUNDAY
III; Sunday; 1853 A. M. 6.87P NJ.
,a hrom Lexington go. A. M. daily. and ais p. NJ.
From I TTedsrick ard Intermediate points. s25
day: s.i2 p. NJ. daily from Point OF Rocks. "'-'
Trains leave Baltimore for Washington at no.
e'S0' IlS, 7.Sg 9l0 and 1870 A. M, 1215 ESQ., a.
$780, $40, o. A. IL. 1sO. 5. 625, $50 and r.
a. A Il trains from Washington stop at Relay Sta
For further information apply ut the Baltimore
a Ohio Ticket Ofiice Washington station, 6ie and
l96l Pennsylvania avenue. corner of Fourteenth
street, where orders will be taken for bnggnge,I
be checked and received at any point In the city
w. M. CLEMENTS, q. X, LORD
M. OfT., BaltimOre. a
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

mandery was held last evening In New Grand
Army Hall. Remarks were made by Sir
knights Brooks, Salmon, Adams, warman,
woodward, Cough, Bennett, Kent, Snyder,
contributed humorous reading, and the en-.
bellishments OF the order were discussed by a
large number, with view to their adoption
In tho near future. A committee was ap.
pointed TO devise some plan of entertainment
or lectures, by which the funds of the com.
mandery will be increased. One new member
was proposed.
Commandery No. 1913 has been postponed from
November 3 to November II, In consequence
OF the absence OF many members from the
clty-the election occurring the next day.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
RAILROADS.
HHfLROADS.
TUNHE GREAT
PENNSYLVANIA ROUTE.

TO THE NORTH, WEST AND SOUTHWEST.
DOUBLE TRACK. SPLENDID SCENERY,
STEEL RAILS MAeNJFICENT EQUIPMENT
TRAINS TEzyE @AsHIN 81 M. rom Station
vor ceE ,as Of sixth and streets, g follows
TsP5ssS aS. E S ssspIHs S$sa 1 y sss
%ssbSs II to a s1ase&P osel 9 Sss
70 81. Louis; daily, except Saturday, to Chicago;
& NJ dSy With VI tSShPlS ssSc
S Ss 4tp also eSnnsH daily for Chi
daily fs9 FsbST RSsa sSa
the West, With Palace Sleeping Car from Wash
For Erie; Canandaigua, Rochester, Buffalo, Mag
Cara from sshSSP e wh
and washington to Bunaio.. Train leaving
%aenidpgson o on Saturday night Will not run
For oWiIia%spcft, Lock Haven and ElmIra. at
For New. York and the East, us, $40 and
Ia Al IN NJ 4 70 and Jl.iSP: NJ on sunday
Panan PSriOr Cara. S4O&. n daily spt eseeS 81
For RGSSiSn y, sSS change 200 p M every
5eTssy n p SS ns
h95a an direct transfer to Fulton street avoid
For PSSSeehlaH iSrO ss5 S sSd f1Fk e oli
10 and lib p Nj on Sunday at 4, O. 10 and Il Is
Z; N, Limited Express, 1904. NJ. daily except
For Baltimore. ess, .z15. $50, go and IL A. M,
on on5 sppdsy e. ltOO A. NJ 400 eO0 74c, 1905
For iPIope,s Greek L,ne, s.S5 A. M and 4io M.
For Annapoils. eS5 A. M. l2O5and 40 p M. daily,
ALEXANpRIA q FREDERICKsBURa RAIL.
T WMf n AND hISpo ALEXANDRIA, q WASHING
For xIssanaTls' 80. 200. ss, HOS and ll.ss A.
a AZ s e s 81 81 iiGs% ana % i sds On sun
For Richmond and The South $50 and IL o5 A. M.
ITALY aa1iIy' and Z; M. daily, except Sunday.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Tho "Acme" Composition Company, OF New
YORK, has appointed N. Bunch, 314 and $40
Eighth street, their sole agent for the sale OF
Acme" composition for making tablets, pads,
&c. a convenient auxiliary for printers, as
two-thlrde OF tho time is saved in putting up
letter-heads, note-heads, statements ana bill
heads into pads. The composition costs only
30 cents pound, and one pound Will mako
800 pads OF 100 sheets each.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
BOys' Clothing.
Condition of the Iniians.

In his annual report Mr.. Price, Commits.
sloner OF Indian Anatra, says that the Iudians
have made considerable progress In the past
year In agricultural aud mechanical pursritts
ne complains OF tho iDadequacy OF the appro.
amount TO only about 81 per annum per capltl'
or lees than two cents day for each Indian.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
Ohio Voters Attention,

The undersigned, mombers OF the Transpor.
tiop, will attend at the ONCE OF Colonel Il, q,
Ford, room %, LIE Droit Building, on Wednes.
day and Thursday evening, October 90 and
~, between the hours OF q and p. M, for the
bers OF the association who desire ID 20 to
Ohio to vote at the Presidential election.
DAN A. GRoSvENoR,
Il, q. FORD.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

The South American Commission met IN
baltimore to-day. The members OF tho com
mission were In Washington on Saturday, and
would have held meeting II there had been
any persons DESTROYS OF being heard.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Death Off veteran.

MIR. George A. II. Blake, q brevet brlgadler-
general In the Army, died at his residence, No.
1917 street, yesterday morning, In the 10Th
year OF his age. He was born In Philadelphia
and was appointed lieutenant OF cavalry In
1880. He served In the Mexican, Florida and
late wars He Will be buried In Philadelphia.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
WASHINGTON, OHIO & WESTERN Rail
ROAD COMPANY.
SUMMER ARRANGEMENT

TWO THAINS DAILYl BhTWEEN ALEX
ANDRIA AND ROUND HILL.
Leave Washington at BIS q, IN. and 4:2j y. m
and Alexandria Mt 035 q. m. and 4:35 D. IN. Pass
7;29 p. m.
Leave Round Hill ut $40 q. m. and 4:35 d. M
Pass LeeGburg, going eastward, at 6;l2 a. m. and
6l7 p. m. and arrive at Alexandria nj sos q, M
and and 7l7 p. N. and at Washington at Sis a. M and
725 y. m.
SUNDAY TRAINS leave Round Hill at $3.50 A.
m. and 1875 p. IN. Arrives AZ Alexandria at 500 a.
m. and 7;l7 p. m. and Washington ut S.i5 q, M
and 7:25 p. m. Leave Washington al D;25 q. m.
and eO5 p. M, Alexandria at 9:35 q. m. and s;I5
p. mi pass Leeaburg, going eastward, at 6:i2 a.
IN. and bl7p. mi Westward, 11:36 o. m. and 1918
SIM, BROPHY, superintendant
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Thereport OF General Hazen, Third Assist
ant Postmaster General, will SHOW tho effect
the reduced rate OF postage has had on the
postal affairsof the Government. Heretofore
tho Postof1lce Department has been self-sus-
tanning, but this year, owing TO the reduction
IN the postage from three 10 two cents, the OK
penditureB for the postal service Will exceed
the r. ceiIts by about S3,OOO,OOO,
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
The Virginia Midland Railway.

THE BHORT LINE TO THE SOUTH
bOUTHWEST AND WEST.
Schedule In effect OUToBER 49, 1884,
B;l0 A. M-NEW ORLEANS MAIL daily mak.
Ing close connections to all points South and
southwest. lDaily except Sunday with o. 4 o,
hallway. Pullman sleeping Buliett cars nom
New York and Washington to ATLANTA Pull.
man Sleeping Cars from Washington and At.
lanta n New Orleans.
$40 T.. M.-LOUISVILLE FAST LINE Daily,
VIA charlottesville 10 Cincinnati, Louisville
end All western points, Pullman Sleeping Cars
rom washington to Louisville.
1910 T, M.-SOuTHEH ERIN MAIL AND EXPIRES.
Daily 70 all points South and Southwest via
DanVille and Charlotte Pullman Sleeping Cars
from Washington via Danville, Charl0tte and
Atlanta to New Orleans, also, nom Washing
ton via Charlotte and Columbia to Augusta,
Manassas Divislon train leaves Washington as
7iOO a. M, and SIC p. M daily except Sunday.
Warrenton trains leave washington at g,i0 a. IN
and $40 y, m. daily.
For tickets and Information Inquire at Com.
pany's Once, SOL Penna. ave.
Trains leave ifont b. d p, Station.
M. SLAUGHTER, N, MACDANIEL,
Gen. Pass. Agent, Agent,
SOL HAss Traflo Manager.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Shirts, Collars and Gums Done Up,
equal TO new at Morsan's Steam Laundry.
Lowest prices.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Fresh Aldernoy butter, churned every morn.
Ing ana delivered In "a fb "Ward" prints, 46c.
per ID. Also cottage cheese, buttermilk and
sweet milk, Be. per at. Dream, loo. per pint.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Mary Collins, an aged blind woman, who
keeps a small store on the commons In East
Washington, near the jail, was fned sos for
selling rum without a license.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
THE EVENING CRITIC.
ESTABLISHED AUGUST 1868
WEATHER INDICATIONS,

The special bulletin Issued from the signal
once to-day saye:
For the Middle Atlantic States, partly cloudy
weather and rains, followed by clearing
weather In tho west portion, south TO west
Winds, becoming variable; stationary, FOL.
lowed bya elight fall In temperature.
For Wednesday, slightly warmen fair
weather is Indicated for the Atlantic Coast
statee, the Ohio Valley and lowor lake region.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
How About winter Underwear?
INC sonth AmerIcnn Communion.

II you need anything ia that way Keeps is
the place TO buy. 437 Seventh st. q. W.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
The Enect ofTwo.C ent Postage.

WALLPAPER, Pictures, Frames,
cornices and window shades at Yeerhols, DIG
Seventh street,
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

A. b. KEYEs. ]. Il, SMITH,
Close Carriages for weddings, call ana re.
ceptions. Boarding and Livery Stable, VII.
lard's Hotel Stables, corner 18th and sts.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

New "ohatterbox," 42c.i retail price, 81.
Also nrst American edition OF Longfollow aud
Whittier ever sold at Coo.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28

Keeps Winter Underwear.
Largest stock, lowest prices, at Keeps, 137
eventh street northwest.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1884-10-28
The Other Candidates.

On his way from Albany TO Newark Governor
Cleveland made several stops. He was re-.
ceived at Newark by large crowd. Last
evening he spoke at the Opera House. He
spoke OF having been born In New Jersey and
having always been loyal 10 her.
u II ri n vvssU.
Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-10-10
GEN. GRANT ON COMMERCE
INCREASED TRADE TO FOLLOW
THE NEW MEXICAN TREATY.

hallway Lines Breaking Down the Past
Prejudices of the Mexicans Against
Americans-The Ex-President Urging
that No Opportunity be Lost to Build
Up Commercial Relations with the
Continents Southern Nations.
NEW YORK, Oct. 9.-The Commission
ers on South American Commerce called
on Gen. Grant at bis residence this morn
ing and listened to his views on the sub
ject. The eX-President gave the story of
the commercial treaty now existing be-
tween the United States and Mexico
which was negotiated by himself and
Senior Romero, the Mexican Minister, He
thought that as soon as our Congress
passed the necessary legislation to carry
this treaty into effect trade between the
United States and Mexico would be large
ly increased, inasmuch as the
tariff of Mexico had been
practically prohibitory. During his
several visits to Mexico Gen. Grant said
that he found considerable prejudice
against the United States, which grew
out OF fear that this government was
seeking to acquire possession of Mexican
territory. This feeling had been fostered
by merchants and others whose object
was to keep out the trade of this country
and thereby prevent competition. The
establishment of railway communication
had the effect of bringing about inter-
course between the people of this country
and Mexico, awakened a friendly feeling
and destroyed prejudice. This feeling
would increase as they became better
acquainted, and would naturally further
trade between the nations.
IN CENTRAL AMERICA.
He said that he found the same feeling
in Central America existing against the
British Government. Instead of scatter
ing Consuls about there should be an ap-
poinSment to every post of commercial
agents, who should have the privilege of
engaging in business. They should be
permitted to act as drummers for manu-
facturers of the United States. They
should have samples sent them and be al
lowed to sell on commission to merchants
at the ports at which they were located.
Commercial agents should per-
form all the duties now
assigned to Consuls, receive fees therefor.
and besides be allowed to engage in busi-
ness as ordinary merchants. Another
method, equally necessary in securing
trade, would be to furnish means of COM
munlcatiOn and transportation by steam
ship lines. These should be subsidized by
the government until commerce has been
established to enable them to sustain
themselves. 1t was absurd to expect the
establishment of trade between countries
which had no direct communication, and
equally absurd to expect capitalists to
invest in steamship lines with simply
prospect of securing interest on the in
Vestment in the future. Consequently
such lines should be granted a subsidy.