St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1884-12-27

Indications Of IHdHstridt Grotcth-TmnIi-
grafton The First ReqUfsiss-TAe
SiGre Problem Working Out
SanoofhIts

Indications of Industrial Grotcth-Tnmi- |
grafton The First ReqWisi,s-The
SiGre Problem Working Out
Smoothly.
Senior J. G. valente, charge d affaires from
Brazil 70 the United States, talked freely
about the condition and needs Of his country
Friday night. Senior Yalente Is a short.
slight man with dark eyes, hair and mus
taehe. He speaks good English nuently, and
with a slight foreign accent which adds 10 the
charm Of conversation. "Brazt now has a
population Of about $4,000, 900. and
is growing steadily" he said. ''The
government realizes the importance OF
colonization in Brazil, aud offers some In
dueements to immigrants. By far the larger
part uf the immigration is from Germany
aud Portugal. The government puts 1t in
the power of actual settlers TO acquire all the
land they can use at a nominal price, aud 1t
also assists settlers in the matter of trans
portatiOn. Formerly the governs ent EN-
plUyed agents 10 scour Europe for emigrants,
but It was found that these agents were care
less or indifferent about the quality of the
people whom they sent, and it was found
that our population was being recruited from
the irresponsible pauper classes.
"Brazilt no longer employs emigration
agents. There is good deal in Brazil to at
tract enterprising foreigners and our laws are
just aud liberal. Our form of government,
you know, is a liberal and limited monarchy,
modelled closely upon that OF Great Britain.
The emperor Of Brazil has little power aud no
responsibility. The weight Of affairs rests
upon the ministers, aud they are held to
strict account BY parliament The members
Of our upper house are chosen for life The
lower house is filed by election every four
years. Our laws require man to possess
property worth at least So before he can vote
This is slight restriction on the right OF
suffrage, and 1t Is considered wise one"
sis there good deal of activity In railroad
building this year in BraZill"
Eyes, work on the old lines has been
pushed and new lines have been we'll ad
vaneed. The government aids the railroads
which It does not construct, by guaranteeing
that the capital shall produce fair return
generally about per cent"
"WhO owns the independent lines Of rail-
roadl"
AuCl uaNt AOl tic AuOok part Dec0 DUH
by English capital and controlled by English
companies. There is little or no American
capital invested In Brazilian railroads"
"Are manufacturing interests growingl"
81 cannot say that there has been much
increase in the number of our manufactur-
ing establishments. Our people are EN- ployed
In other pursuits, and 1t is cheaper for them
To import almost all OF the manufactured
goods which they need. Brazil buys most OF
her manufactured articles from England
with the exception of machinery and agricul-
tural i'm plements, which are purchased In the
United States. There are great numb OF
sewing machines manufactured In the
United States for use In Brazil. There is n
import duty on machinery and agricultural
implements The greater portion of the
revenue Of Brazil is raised by means Of du-
ties on exports aud imports"
"Could not wheat be made q profitable
crop in Brazill''
eyes, much Of the land Is admirably
adapted 10 the culture Of It, but our people
find that It pays better to cultivate coffee, to-
bacco, and other things with which they arr
familiar aud successful, and to buy their -four
from the United States. We have not yet
begun to feel the need Of greatly diversified
| industries. We are willing TO have thu
United States produce -four for US. Variety
in occupations and manufactures will come
with increased population"
''What are the most pressing needs OF
BrazilP'
above all things Brazil needs a steady
and cOpious stream Of intelligent, industrious
and progressive immigrants. We want new
people with new ideas TO develop the rich
aud varied resources Of our country. When
the United States has doubled its population
again, people will begin to look for a newer
country when they eontemp plate emigration,
and have no fears for the future Of Brazil
/ so far as population is concerned. / think
that the proportion Of the area Of Brazil
which is healthy and desirable for places OF
residence Is about the same as Il Is in other
countries Of equal extent"
sis the number Of slaves decreasing rap
idlyl"
sin 1871 law was passed which forever
prevents an increase IN the number Of slaves
From the time that law was passed no Que
has been born In seryitude, and the govern
ment has from time to purchased the free
dom Of large numbers of slaves The mas
tiers are always given fair compensation for
their slave property. The government is
neither able nor willing to emancipate all the
slaves at one time. II would not be wise 10
alter the condition of so many people simul-
taneousIy. Emancipation Is going on with
great rapidity, however, and in several prov
inces there Is not single slave left Slave
owners are not a menace to the government
in Brazil. The laws regulating slavery are
humane. Families cannot be separated, and
/ II slave has reason 10 be dissatisfied with
bis master be can, by laying bis case before
the proper authorities, compel his master to
sell or transfer him to some more Just or
agreeable person. A slave Is also privileged
to buy his liberty on the installment plan,
aud many have purchased liberty in that
way. The condition Of the slaves
Of Brazil Is not so unhappy as
was the lot of slaves in the United States
Our slaves are well protected by law, and
have many advantages which the slaves in
the United States never were permitted TO
enjoy. The gradual emancipation Of the
slaves Of Brazil is going on smoothly and in
q manner satisfactory to the government
/ The slaves adapt themselves to their new
conditions readily, because the mode of life
and OF gaining livelihood is not changed.
/ They continue TO dwell with their former
masters in many cases. and receive wages
/ for their services. Those who are not dis
posed to work much fare pretty well, because
they can get enough TO live in Brazil with
out much exertiOu-"