The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1884-07-22

any civilized nation. In the treaty
Washington We led the world 10 the mea,
oi eecape from the horrors OF war, and II
to"bs hoped that the era when all inte
national differences shall be decided
peaceful arbitration Is not far of.
xouAL RlGnri OF CITIZENSHIP.
The central idea Of Republican form
government is the ,ule Of the whole psopl
as opposed to the other iorms which seI
upon privileged class. r
Our iore!athers, in the attempt to erect
new Government which might rcpreser
the ADVANCED thought OF the world at tbs
period upon the subject OF governments
reform, adopted the Idea Of the people
sovereignty, and thus laid the basa OF GU
present Republic. While technically
Government Of the people, It was in strict
ness only Government Of a per:ion OF th
people, excluding from all participation
certain other portion, held in a condition o
absolute, deaposic, and hopeless ssrvi,ude
the parallel 10 which. fortunately, does no
| now exist In any modern christian nation.
With the elimination, ho Seyer, Of an
other cycle Of advanced thought, the Amer
lean Republic suddenly assumed the tul
character OF q Government OF the whol,
people, and feuE minisn human creature,
emerged from the condition OF bondsmet
to the full status Of ireemen, Theoretically
invested With the same civil and poli.ica
rlshta possessed by their former masters
Inc subsequent legislation which suaran
teed by every legal title the citizenship aud
full equality before the law In all re-
Apecls Of this previously distranchise
people, amply covers the reqnire
ments and secures to them, 20 isr as lvsiaIa.
tion can, the privileges or American citi
zsuship. But the disasreeabe fact Of the
case is, that while, theoretically, We are in
the enjoyment Of Government Of the
whole people, practically We are almost rs
far from 1t as We were In the anssbellum
days Of the Republic. There are but ies
leading and ,ndispuable facts which cover
tbe whole statement Of the case. In msn,
OF the Southern States the colored popula.
ton is In large e1ceIs OF the white. The
colored people are Republicans, as are
also . considerable portion OF the white
people. The remaining portion Of the la.
ter, are Democrats. In facs Of
this incontes.ible truth thtse
States invariably return Democratic
ms:.orities. lu other States Of the South
the colored people, although not msj9r.
l.y, form a verysconsidarable body Of the
population, and with the white Republicans
are numerically 10 excess Of the Democrats,
yet precisely the came political 1eaul, OBJ.
tairs-,he Democratic party Invariably car
rylng the elections. 1t is not even thought
advisable 10 allow an occaaional unimpor.
lans election to be carried by the Republi.
cars as q blind" or as q stroke CT tiuesss.
Careful and impartial investigation has
shown these results to follow the systs.
matte exercise OF physical intimidation
aud violence, conjoiued with the most
shsmetnl DEVICES ever practiced in the
name OF free elections. So confirmed has
this result become that We are brought face
to lace with the extraordinary polisica! TACT
that tbs Democratic party Of the South relies
almost entirely upon the methods stated
for lts SUCCESS in national elections.
The unlawful peryers!on OF the popula.
franchise which l desire to state dis
pssslonately, and in manner comporting
with the proper dignity Of the occasion, is
one Of deep gravity 10 the American peo-
ple-in double serse.
, First-ls is in violation, open, direct, and
d;grant, Of the primary principle upon
Whlch our Government is supposed 10 rest,
VIZ: thss. the control OF the Government is
participated in by all legally qualified citi.
zsus, in accordance with the plan OF popular
government, that msjorities must rule in
the decision Of all Questions.
second--lt is in violation OF the rights
and interests Of the States wherein are
particularly centered the great wealth and
industries Of the Nation, and which pay
an overwhelming portion Of the National
taxes. The immense aggregation OF inter
ests mbraced within, and the enormously
greater population Of theae other S,a,es Of
the Union, are sut Jscted every four years
to the dangers of wholly fraudulent show
OF numerical strength.
Upon this system minorities actusllv
attempt to direct The cou1se Of na.iona!
attAits, and though up to this time success
has not attended their efforts to elect a
President, yet success has been 40 peri.
lously imminent aa to encourage repeti.
tion OF the effort at each quadrenrpial
election, and to subject the interests Of an
overwhelming majority OF our penale,
North and South, to the hszards Of illegal
The ssereotyped argument In recitation
OF these plain truths Is, that ii the Repub.
lican element WAS really in the msjority
they could not be deprived Of their rights
and privileges BY a minority; but neither
sla,is.!rs of population, nor the uaavo;da.
BILE logic OF the situation, cau bo oyertid-
den or escaped. The colo1ed people Ct ,be
South have recently emerged from the
bondage o! their present political oppress.
ore; they have had but law Of the adyan-
tages Of education which might enable
them to compete with the whites.
Az have heretofore maintained, in
order to achieve the ideal perfection Of a
popular government, 1t is absolutely races.
sary that the masses should be educated.
This proposition applies is=lt with full
force to the colored people OF the South.
They must hsvo better educational adysn-
sagss, and thus ba enabled to become the
intellectual peers Of their white brethren.
as many OF them undoubtedly alreadysr are.
A liberal school system should be provided
for the rising generation Of the South, and
the colored people be made as capable Of
exercising the duty OF ELECTORS "a the white
people. In the meantime it is the duty OF
the National Government to 20 beyond
resolutions and declarations on the
subject. and to take such action as
may lie in ita power to secure the absolute
freedom Of National elections everywhere,
to The end that our Congress may cease to
contain members representing fictitious
majorisies other people, thus miaduectiDg
ths popular will concerning National leyis:
latiop, and especially to the end that, in
Presidential contests, the great business
and other intereets OF the country may nos
be PLACED in lear and trembling, lest an IN.
sciupulous minority should succeed in
sitting the wishes OF the ms jori,y,
In accordance with the spirit Of the las:
resolution Of the Chicago platform, meas.
ures should be taken at once to remedy this
great evil. az II
FOREIGN IMMIGRATION. Fl
Under our liberal institutions the sub.
iects and citizeus OF every nation have boen