The Douglas independent. [volume] (Roseburg, Or.) 187?-1885, 1884-03-22
I1ha Tariff E.efo-ners.

annual dinner tonight. Horace White
and Mantcn Marble were among the
guests. letters of regret were received
from Senator's BAyard, Pendleton and
Beck, Charles Francis Adams and Hen
ry Ward Beecher
President Everett A. Wheeler well
coined the guests, especially Speaker
Carlisle. When the president finished |
his remarks, he said Carlisle would re-
sponI to the first toast. The gentle
men at the table applauded loudly.
cARLIsLE's VIEWS.
When Callisle arose every man in
the room stood up and cheered again
and again. The sentiment to which
Carlisle responded was "Our Federal
Union" After making acknowledge
ment CT The reception, he said; Il am
obliged always for opportunities for say
ing few words in response to the toast
which is assigned me. The formation
Of ii Union, peaceful and voluntary,
which made such radical changes in the
relations between the several States
themselves, and between them and TIE
general government, was undoubtedly
one of the greatest political achieve
ments Of modern times. It is, think,
safe to say that in no other prlt of tie
world could such change been peace
fully made at that time, and perhaps it
is equally safe to say it could not have
been made here twenty or thirty years
later. The old federation possessed no
means Of sustaining itself. In fact it
had 10 power to impose tax, regulate
commerce or administer justice. 1t
had bat one Of the essential depart
ments of real goyernment-the lcgisla-
tiye-anl even that was defective and
almogf impotept. Each State had the
right to impose duties, subject only to
tbs condition that they should not in
terfere with the treaties entered into
by the United States with foreign
countries or States. There was no linn
ltation whatever upon any State impos-
ing duty upon the products Of any
other American State brought in its
limits for consumption, for the purpose
protecting its own manufacturers The
State of New York had full power to
impose any rate of duty upon Phila-
dclphla goods, and New Jersey pos
sessed the same power in respect to the
> products of New York.
If free trade is what it is, and every
: one claims, if it enables them to over
come natural disadvantages and secure
a higher degree of transportation, i
must be admitted that the arrange
ments existing under the confederation
: was wise one, and ought never tt
have been disturbed. This free trad,
was established by the constitution, no
: only for trade between States then ex-
istine, but between all the States tha
might thereafter exist as members O
the fedora union Most all will admi
that the wonderful transportation O.
: this country is attributable to that pro
vision more largely than to any othe
thing. What different picture woulo
q have been presented if the policy of re
striction or protection had prevailed
among States as it has prevailed for 81
{ many years between the United State!
! ard foreign nations Under the lib
: eral policy established by the constitu-
9 ton our means Of internal commnnica
ton and transportation, in increasing
II free commercial intercourse between
e the States, has promoted the develop
n ment of our national resources, fosteret
e agriculture and manufactures and ad-
n ded millions to the wealth of the peo-
0 pie, while the protective system has, t.
g a large extent at least, shut us off from
s the markets of other countries ant
t brought us substantially to the demands
e of home consumption, and in man,
/ cases has actually arrested the free de-
: velopment of our great industrial in
e terests
Il The constitution not only prohibited
{ States from laying imposts on imports
{ or exports, but expressly delegated te
congress the power to collect duties te
Q pay for the general welfare. This i!
: simply the power to raise revenue fol
9 public purposes. It is a monstrou'
u abuse to use it not for the purpose Of
revenue, but for the purpose of prohi-
S bition of commerce. 1t is, if possible
I a still greater abuse of that power te
Il employ it for private and public pul'-
: poses. Let no man, pray you, mis-
g understand me on this point Expe-
I rience has shown that it is almost I'M
g possible to devise any scheme that will
not instantly, in greater or less de
$ gree, either injure or benefit private