davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1884-01-01
ENDED BIZ KING ALFONSO.
A Duty DiscriminatinR Against American
Merchandise In Cubn.


Tho King OF Spain has issued tho following
decree relating to commerce between 'he
United States and Cuba:
l. the King wishing to establish sodly and cquably
our mercantile relations with the American republic and
without prejudice any future decision concerning the
tariff dues OF the Great Antilles now In course OF prep
aation hereby abrogse the NTH article OF tie royn de
cree Of the 18th OF March, 1867, which required thh
American merchandise under the Spanish flag pay I'M
port duty In Cuba equivalent to the duty levied upon I'M
portaons under foreign nag This decree I" go into
effect thirty days after publication been made by 'he
Spanish Consuls in the Official newspapers OF ther
locality.
A prominent Spanish merchant on Broadway
was asked what effect this would have on TRADE
between tho two countries. In reply he SAID;
Among tho efforts which Spain has made In
tho limo OF what you call protection to homo IN
dustries was the proclamation. good many
years ago. OF n royal decree levying certain du-
ties on all goods imported into Spanish colo,
MES in any foreign ship: The duties were ad
vaiorcn and amounted in cases to as high as
sWsse Wns nST Gtb Ms Sy The @
men who favored this measure that great re-
in sbhs the woS ayg g6w yadeT tSs
ment the, carrying trade. instead OF increasing
decree was issued, which was aimed ut Ameri. ,..
can merchandise exclusively. Perhaps II was
sugar rhss decree aee d"ty Of s per
cent. on tho value OF all American goods car, car,
red into c%SH in Vessel whtye y wef
as % a duty to favor Spanish shipping, and was
in addition to tho heavy inper, duties a Levied sssi
was not Whst. was anticipated. Tho Americans ss
Setaliatea aiserimnaing duty ysxloS on goods SdS
the s hqt shs
rocai measures will follow here The, decree
only abolishes the collection OF the 1--WE, per
."WiI this tend to increase tho quantity Of
American goods exported to Cuba p was asked
Il do not think so. The goods now shipped
compete with other goods at any price because
Of their quality. This is notably true OF Amer
used on the hs
laws here make the prices of manufactured
goods so high that there can be no competition
with English and German merchants. This is
OF consequence only Us indicating n future line
James D. Perkins. n oalexporter. Of AS South
street. said that he was not certain whether this
decree would increase commerce between the
two countries materially or not. The Cuban
methods of dealing with coal are peculiar. A
specific duty is levied. which amounts at pres
ent to % cents a ton. In addition to this the
vessel has to pny taS Of 10 cents . ton Consul
q cargo Of coal to Cuba equal to or greater than
her registered tonnage goes in free OF all tom
mage dues. The tonnage dues on vessel car
ton register. In addition to the regular tariff
on the goods imported. the Cubans have a fash
ion 81 ieyyng what they call war tax when
10 to 20 per cent. OF the gross sum levied under
the regular customs rates, and is In addition to
those the rates These war eves are made With
needs OF the Government
The sun., 1884-01-01
Will the Whole Truth Ever be Known I?

Mr.. c. p. HUNTINGTON of the Central Pa
cilic and Mr.. THOMAS A. SCOTT of tho Texas
and Pacific appear in far worse light as
corrupters of Congressman than did Mr..
OAKEs AMEs in the Credit Mobilier business.
AMEs was member of the House, and In
his dealings with his fellow members he
managed to preserve somo scmbluncc Of self
respect. both on the part of the briber and
on the part of the bribcd. The consideration
for the influence and the votes of the
purchased legislators was n share in
the enterprise which OAKEs AMEs him
self was engaged in promoting and
protecting. Mr. HUNTINGTON, however,
docs not attempt to disguise the theory on
which he proceeded, and on which, according
to his reports to CoLToN, his vigorous ad-
vcrsary SCoTr was likewise proceeding. To
these men of affairs Senators and Repre-
sentatives We're commodities in the open
market, to be bought outright for cash, and
to be owned in fee simple by tho purchasing
corporation, like locomotives or railroad
iron. The only difference, from Mr.. HUNT
INGToN's point Of view, between a ton Of
steel rails as property and Congressman as
property was that the latter was likely at
any time to give his owner the slip, and sell
himself to the competing railroad, provided
it offered higher figures.
In Mr.. HUNTINGToNs incidental illusions
to his friends the good fellows in the Sen
ate and House, and SCoTr's friends the wild
hogs" and "damnea hogs" there is q bald
bold, and hcartless disregard Of the ctnven-
tional proprictics of the lobby which is likely
to surprise and startle the statesmen in qucs-
tion. For the first time they see themselves
exactly as they were regarded by the railway
masnatcs who were so easy and liberal in
personal intercourse, so ailabc at the dinner
| table, and apparently SO considcrate OF the
outer shell Of reputation and self-respcct.
1t is n terrible warning to many legislators
whose names appear in the HUNTINGTON
correspondence. Lucky will they deem them
solves if they escape with this warning and
nothing further
| Mr. IiUNTiSGTON'S letters, so far Us pub
| lisLcd, lift only corner of the curtain.
There may or there may not be more dam
| aging documents in the budget with which
Mrs. COTTON is apparently trying to force
money from her husbands surviving part
ncrs. These other documents, IL they exist,
| may or may not ever see the light. Perhaps
the chances are against it. Enough has been
| disclosed. however, to show what valuable
witness Mr.. C. T. HUNTINGTON would make
If he WIS called upon by the Sergeant-at-
Arms to assist in an honest, thorough, and
fearless investigation of tho means used TIC
| procure legislation by the several Pacf.
railroad companies during tho ten years
from 1870 TO 1880.
The sun., 1884-01-01
The Execution of Insane Criminals.

One of the most shocking of recent murders
in this part Of the country was the killing at
Newark, \. j., of EDWARD SoDEN, q young
lamplghtcr, by an old man named JAMES
GRAVES, who is now under sentence of death
for the crime. On tho trial the defence of
insanity WAS intcrposed in behalf OF the pris-
oncr, but did not avail with the jury. and
subsequently the New Jersey Court of Par
dons unanimously refused 10 commute the
sentence, Notwithstanding the submission OF
additional testimony to show that GRAVES
was n person Of unsound mind.
There is considerable reason to believe,
however, that the prisoner Is insane now,
whatever may have been the case at the timo
of tho homicide. by permission of the
Court which tried him, seven physicians
We're allowed to examine him in the Newark
Jail on Sunday, and they arc said to have
agreed that GRAVES is now an imbecile. II
this conclusion is correct, he ought not to bo
hanged unless different rule prevails in
New Jersey from that which was prescribed
by the common law In such cases. "If ono
who has committed u capital offence"
says WHARTON In stating the common
law rule, "become non compoS mentis before
conviction, he shall not be arraigncd and IL
after conviction he shall not be executed"
| Sir EDWARD COKE justified this prohibition
| by saying that the execution Of an offender
was intended as nm example to all men, but
so il Is not when nn mbccile is executed,
| but should be a miserable spectacle both
! against law and OF extreme inhumanity and
cruelty. and can be no example to others"
This view has been generally adopted in
civilized countries. The New York statute
expressly forbids the punishment of any
person for a crime while he is in q state of
idocy. imbecillty, insanity, or lunacy, so as
to he incapable of understanding the pro-
cccdng.
In order to convict GRAVES the jury must
have found that he was sane at the time he
| killed his victim. Tho Court of Pardons Is
probably unwilling to disapprove this find
ing. II the testimony now at hand, however,
shows to the satisfaction Of the members of
the court that the prisoner Is insane at the
present time, 1t makes no difference what
was his mental condition then He should be
allowed to linger out his wretched existence
| in madhouse instead OF being straugled to
death under such circumstances as would
The sun., 1884-01-01

cure OF the evil from which business is Buf-
fcring is now working, and working rapidly.
Diminished production is restoring equiib-
rum to tho market. The vague fear and dis
trust have bred cautious methods Of doing
business. which prevent startling and omi-
nous failures; and already people have begun
to take in sail by reducing extravaganza
There is nothing which suggests panic. We
have more reason to expect that when this
year 1884 closes, many causes of trouble will
have been removed, and commerce., tradc
and manufacture will be active and prosper
Gus again.
The sun., 1884-01-01
At the Beginning of the Year.

This New Years Day does not find our
people SO prosperous and contentcd as they
were when the year 1883 came in. Even then
the tide Of commercial and manufacturing
prosperity, which came with a swell in 1879
bad begun to reccdc. but hopes Of great crops
in the new year sustained the hearts of busl-
ness men. 1t was very widely believed that
The bottom had been reached, and that things
were more likely to be better than to become
WORSE.
We have found. however, during the last
twclvcmonth that tho bottom was not
reached, and the improvement has not come.
Trade and finance, commerce and manufac-
ture have become more and more depressed.
Profits have been still further reduced, pru-
dent merchants have grown more cautious,
buyers have been fearful OF overlooking
themselves, and in general a hand-to-mouth
business has been done, everybody Watching
the future more or less anNiously. Investors
have also been more timld. and doubt and
suspicion have chilled Wall street
Manufactures Of iron and Of cotton and
woOllen goods arc working with a reduced
force and curtaiing their product, or are
giving their hands the option Of taking lower
wages or going without work altogether.
Both merchants and manufacturers find it
difficult to make contracts extending into the
future, and buyers with cash or unstained
and assured credit have the advantage in the
market. Failures have increased, especially
among small traders, and it seems probable
that they will go on increasing.
Wall street has never before been SO
gloomy at holiday season. The brokers
are in no mood for fun. From the top to the
bottom Of the list stocks have largely de-
clincd in price as compared with the sales OF
year ago, Good and bad have gone down
together, the stocks Of the most prosperous
and best managed roads having dropped
with the rest, though their dividends may
have kept up. The aggregate loss bccaus,
oil this decline has Of course been enormous
so far as the market value of stocks is con
cerned. Men who were counted as tn,
posscssors Of many millions last New Year.
Day, are to-day badly crippled, and specu
lators who followed their lead are now ours
Ing them as the authors OF their misfortunes
The festivities of this New Years Day
therefore, jan on the troubled spirits OF many
thousands of the unfortunate Of 1883 The,
have no stomach for its fcasts, and thei
hearts do not respond to its fluctuations
Why should they be happy, and how cal
they be happy when they are in such ba,
luck They are mourners. and have N
tubilant greetings for the New Year The,
lear 1t may bring an access Of sorrow rathe
than an increase OF happiness to them.
And yet there is no general disaster, and II
sgn Of widespread commercial calamity az
The sun., 1884-01-01
TUESDAY, JANUARY 1. 1884.
Amusemcnts To-day.

acn,y Of DE ~siga--Aft Loan Exhibition.
Hs Opera uoos- orphcus'And Eurylice. ssnd r, n
no s-rho B.ssar sinicnt aRndsP.M
- Dhe.tr-- scycn.1'wenty Eight 2auds NJ
nd Ore,a uous.-Tourist- 2Gud sP ".
pn Dime Mus-su- ?9s Bowny.
{er'y's Comedy rh-ntr"--La Mac tie SEM
ison Square rhrntr--rne Raah aAud $40 y ",
rsrh lh~atr--rassionr Slave eandsr. VI
RS Garden The ravemcn,- Of Paris 2nndsP. NJ
bi"'s Theatre The Two Orphans. 2 andsPM.
j Thrrtre Macbeth sr, VI
|sfr~ Gomipue- -Corlcis's Aspirations. aand r. ~.
lia Ih~etr~-khk rctsc. 2ands r. ~
Pastors rheRtre-yaricty eandsr.M.
ea square Ih-atr~-s,orm reaten. SIM.
|n.cL-s Th-atre-An American wife. srM
Av. Thentrr-Three OF n Kind 2andsrM
Az. Theatre The class Of Fashion, ennd sr. NJ.
, Ss. Theatre -iu Paradise. 2Rni sr. VI.
The sun., 1884-01-01
THE QUESTION OF THE DAT.

From, the Galveston Ne,us

From the Galveston Ne,us
When any one not honestly ignorant OF the
meaning OF English words being opposed to protection
ism considering to he always aud monopostic
in s general effect upon the with these
views hotly dsclans that he for free trade what
be inferred' There s strong appearance that such
in favor of incidental protection at least But
proeconist Is for all OF protection. inasmuch
some applications of his principle would hurt his bust
nessas all in favor of degree
freedom Of trade in branches and in directions
all proteconists mix in very readily with the
dental protectonsts, called and bold but crafty pro-
tectonsts naturally become the leaders In compromise
policy when the alternative presented is consistent
form that would sweep away special privilege In
place as well as in another with justice to the people,
The distase manifested for the term free trader by
some who say they ctonists looks like
subterfuge Do they to portion of what
they denounce ms mischievous systemf The system
referred to is not system of duties for revenue
duties for protection Let there be ambiguity Pro-
tectionism must go. Revenue must be raised without
protection This is free trade Whoever is honestly
the abolition of protectionsm can avoid all completely
with the trickery of incidental proteconsts by adopt
ing the square and uneluvocal term appropriate
expression of clear idea =" Revenue reform ~ is a
vague term.
The composition of the House Committee Ways and
Means shows that the idea OF the Democratic majority
and the Speaker is that the party party Of free trade
As such will make silly compromise between prin-
ciples opposite light and darkness and will
sacrifice revenue and the industrial interests the
jority as the have done. II will
enue but eliminate the protective features of the tariff
piled In the selection of members sit commit.
tee. There is now a good hope that the Democratic
party VIII no longer be to the taunt about its lead
ers being afraid of their principles
The sun., 1884-01-01
than once been forced to conciliate the

than once been forced to oonciliate the
Magyars.
II such ealutary reverse be indeed In
store for Russia, 1t must be looked for at the
hands Of Germany and Austria, and there
are those who think n violent collision be-
tween the rival claimants for tho Ottoman
inheritance cannot be deferred beyond next
spring. Certainly the excited state of things
in Bulgaria and Scrvia offers nothing to war
rant n belief In the maintenance OF peace. In
the former country, Prince ALEXANDER, not
withstanding his professad determination to
obey the Constitution, has seen himself COM
PEELED to place Russian In tho War Office,
but the other Ministers representing the an
ti-Russian party have resigned on the rea-
sonnble ground that the control of the army
should be vested In person responsible to
tho national Legislature, and not to foreign
sovereign. In Scrvia. on tho other hand, tho
pro-Austrian symrathies Of King MILAN
having been rcbukcd at tho recent general
election, tho majority Of the Legislature
were practically driven into revolt and the
revolt was then put down with q merciless
brutality that may irremediably ALLEVIATE the
people from the present dynasty. While the
acute stages Of Danubian agitation are pro-
sentcd at Sofia and Belgrade, there are every
where noticeable, from Bosnia to Rou-
mclla, and from Cettlnie to Bucharest.
the tokens OF restlessness and expec-
fancy which attest widespread conviction
OF the imminence Of war. 1t may be that
Prince BISMARCK does not deem tho time
has come for Austria to take a decisive and
irrevocable step, and that he will manage to
avert for twclvemonth longer the outbreak
! of hostlitics in the Balkan region. 1t may
be, on tho contrary that events will move
too fast for him. or this at le0st we mny
be sure, that, since 1870 and 1875 the indica-
| tions of B1sMARCK's foreign policy and the
development OF events along the Dunube
were never moro worth watching than they
will be in the spring and summer of 1884.
The sun., 1884-01-01

h gold OF joys and with iron OF sorrows.
reighted and filed. shall tho New Year glide
Tough storm and sunshine to new to- NOR
rows.
nd unknown havens DER Times fierce tide.
bells for the dead Old Year are knelling
Int we drown them all in our lusty cheer.
the sails in the winds OF our hope are SWELL
ing
Happy New Year!
the breeze was blithe. and golden hearted
zero tho old. sweet days on the Old Years
deck.
her sails were torn and her timbers parted.
and slow she dritted and sank n wreck:
md shall feel no moro lite's kindly breeze.
|r wake again till the awful thunder
Pf judgment thrills through tho swaying
seas.
fth prayer for the dead and with glad thanks
giving
or those who weathered the heavy gale
with tears for the dead and thanks for the
living.
p'er the dread, wide waste again we sail:
hough waves seethe white. and though skies
be colder,
Nay our hands aud hearts be stout and fast
I'D Love. grown younger as we grow older.
Be our Captain true till the voyage be past.
lnll wc ride at anchor in sunny harbors.
Or be swept in darkness to desoate lands?
j. spent with toll. in enchanted arbors
Shall we rest on us-flowery strands
way. for the flushing dawn is waking
As she feels on her cheek tho free winds
breath:
taking.
EWho shall land. or who sink in the gulfs o.
death.
ilot OF souls! though tho broad earth be river
with gricvous lightnings: though our New
Year bark
10 shattered by storms and by wild wind.
driven.
Steer those We love by thine own sea markl
daster Of Life. whatsoe'er may befall us.
Save from the deep the true hearts wo holt
dear.
ior whom We implore. though quick dealt
shall call us.
Happy New Year!
The sun., 1884-01-01

From The Commercial Gdscfie.
Have you got the jclies made mother
Are the sandwiches Au fait--
Are the salads wrought and the wine all bough,
For the splurge on New Years day,
hou LOOK serene a. regnnnt queen,
Hut therc'll be some hitch Ifrnr
FOR IN To receive this year. mother
I'm to receive this year.
My dress Is such ALaisy. mother,
What wonder II | am vain;
Iisa white pique decolirte.
win prIncessc skirt, Ell train;
TnMs why yearn aud impatient burn
For the rplurge that 10. oh. 50 isar--
fnr m To receive this year, mother
I'm 10 receive this year
Jack says he will come at ten, mother.
Ana larry the rect of the day
Why tuth up your nose-yOu don't suppose
He'd dare TO stay away
inouRh JACK IL proud and hates q crowd
I'm certain he " III be here,
FOR I'm TO receive this wear, mother
I'm II receive this year,
DO call me At half-pAst eight, mother
Don't let me sleep ill nine
I've crimped my hair and over the chair
I'VE thrown my dresses One:
At hkfpast eight-now don't he late
Come early. y mother dear,
Tor I'M 10 receive this year, mother
I'm 70 receive this yssf.
The sun., 1884-01-01
render his execution useless as a warning to
others, and unavailing even as punishment
TO himself

Mr.. TITUS SuEARD is tobe the next Speaker
OF the Assembly. He has fine opportunity to
distinguish himself. for questions Of grave inn
portance arc to DO considered by tho now
Legislature.
Nows will be good time for him to throw of
WooD PULP MILIER's collar. which he has worn
80 long Let him INDEPENDENTLY, honestly.
and fearlessly start In on new career which
shall have something moro substantial for a
basis than Woop PULP MILLER's endorsement
But we arc afraid that he will not do so.
The sun., 1884-01-01
From The mter,Orsan.

Tho only rond 10 cheap ships Is that which
the English have travelled viz over home made eheap
iron. An agent for tho Pacific coast line to Australia
after making survey OF all the shipynrds OF England
concluded that steamers u 5000 tons burden could be
built on the Delaware within s. per vessel us chcapy
NJ on Inc Clyde II is quite inmaterial whether the
duties on the imported iron would have been 800 or
not The duties ON blankets 100 per cent Hut the
blankets can be bought eheaply in Minneapolis as In
Manchester.
The sun., 1884-01-01
Mr.. MATTHEW ARNOLD was recently enter

Mr. MATTHEW ARNOLD was recently enter
tanned at II handsome dinner. After the dessert.
a gentleman arose and introduced the distin-
gushed Englishmnn in m address Of some
length and avoirdupois. During the address.
1t is reported Mr.. ARNOLD sat with bowed
head and closed eyes" The inference is per-
fectly easy. 1t is only a month or two since
Lord Chief Justice CoLEIIDGE dropped asleep
while listening to Mr.. EvARTs. But the infer
ence is as wrong as 1t is natural The dinner
took place in Philadelphia. and it was Mr..
WAYNE MACVEAGH who compelled from Mr..
ARNOLD n tribute that has been paid more
frequently to Mr.. EvARTs than to any other
living American,
The sun., 1884-01-01

fToW He Fhidd'tphid iTfs'.
III whito paper goes UP cent pound three
New York dallies will bite the dust Already tho patent
medicine man has his grip their editorial pages
The sun., 1884-01-01

Hard luck: CARLIsLE's Committees on
Coinage and Banking and Currency. BLAND
and BucKNER are great statesmen. no doubt,
but not popular nt present.
The sun., 1884-01-01

dp'rtissments for THE WEEKLY Sun, is
(d to-mOrrop morning, must be handed IN
J eUeninQ before sic O'clock.
The sun., 1884-01-01

The Troy Press calls upon us to tell how
Mr. TrLpEN would feel II Mr.. HEWITT should
be nominated for President. and also how he
would feel II Mr.. FLOWER should be nominated.
We answer frankly that We do not know. We
have not been favored with Mr.. TrLDEN's con-
fldence upon either Of these subjects. and havo
never put to him question relating thereto
Tho Press also dosiros to be informed whether
Mr.. TILpEN would look with favor upon tho
prospect Of any New York man being elected
to tho Presidency. This is likewise matter
upon which we are destitute OF information.
The sun., 1884-01-01

It is reported that Sergeant MASON. after
exhibition at an Ohio fair has agreed with
n Philadelphia manager to put himself on show
for wages. One fails to SEQ how this can be n
very profitable contract for the manager. MA
BON is n negative sort OF curiosity. There is a
man who had to do with GU1TEAU who by all
rights ought to DO much more successful in q
show than the derelict soldier. The Washing
ton hangman was faithful to his duty. and he
ACCOMPLISHED what ho undertook.
The sun., 1884-01-01

We notice that at n dinner given to some
English celebrities In Philadelphia, the other
day. Yuucm wine was served with raw oysters.
at tho beginning. This is n barbarous and
ostentatious combination. Yduem is sweet
wine. utterly unfit to be drunk with raw oysters.
Tho only excuse for serving it is that 1t is
costly. The philosophers Of Philadelphia hould
not be led into so illogical q custom.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1884-05-10
SPECIAL NOTICES.

l. When a subscription has expired and a con-
tinuation Of the paper is desired, send order at
once, accompanied By the cash. Don't order
without paying the money down.
2. When a new subscription is sent IN The cash
should accompany the name and address. Don't
order without paying the money down.
E" In either case it will be useless to pre-
sumo upon indulgence. The cash system, to
be effective, must be adhered to. 1t has been
adopted, and will be enforced with two-fold
aim
l. As enabling us to make sure of pay for
our labor and material and
2. That all patrons, treated alike, none will
have cause to complain.
B 1t only remains to be stated that to
many it is unnecessary to name these require
ments. Such respect them without notice.
To others they are here given as rules for the
guidance of all who desire to take the JOURNAL.