Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-06-29
Farm and Stock Notes.


get the number Of CONSTELLATION Farm
er.
Farm and Stock Notes.
1t takes about twenty-seven pounds Of
milk to make one pound Of butter, and
about ten pounds Of milk 20 make one
pound of cheese.
When improving stock never use half
blooded male. The sire must be strictly
thoroughbred or uniformity in the OF
spring cannot be secured.
Peanuts may be grown on light sandy
soil. There are two varieties, the red and
the white. The former is the more sala-
bic, but the latter IS more productive.
The shearings this season have given
some heavy fleeces, one ram shearing
nearly twenty-eight pounds. When the
wool is washed, however, as is usually
the case, the dirt will exceed the wool In
weight.
At the annual shearing Of the New York
Merino Sheep Breeders the heaviest rams
fleece shown was that from 2-year-old
ram belonging to Mr.. J. 5. Beecher. His
fleece weighed thirty-five pounds.
1 have conducted twoexperiments since
have kept bees to ascertain the age at
which bees gather the first honey, and as
each proved to be the same, believe six
teen days to be the time when the bee
brings her first load OF honey when the
colony is in normal conditional. II.
DOolttle.
Never allow calves to get stunted.. Al
ways keep them growing. This is the
whole secret of raising calves. One Of
the best farmers in New England writes
that last spring calves are not as large
and thrifty as fall calves, although fed
grain all winter. They didn't do well the
first three months of their lives, which
explains their lack of thrift since.
Peter Fay writes to the Nelo England
Homestead that, after experimenting for
a number of years and trimming every
month in the year, he has come to the
conclusion that from May % to June % is
the proper time. There is full flow of
sap then and the wound begins to heal
Immediately. The two worst months in
the whole year are March and April.
The length OF time that young heifer
keeps in milk after her first calf is likely
to measure her staying qualities for all
after life. For this reason young heifers
should have their first calf in the fall. BY
good care and ensilage an abundant flow
can more easily be kept up the next sum-
mer. If heifers calve in the spring they
are very liable to go dry early in the next
fall.
A. B. Allen states that he finds wheat
bran an improbable feed for swine. Thew
do not seem to possess the power of di-
costing it, consequently much of it passes
through them only partially assimilated.
Ii mixed with corn meal it does better
and can be fed with advantage to cattle,
along with cut hay if mixed with it and
well wetted, as it then undergoes a second
mastication.
A breeder of Down sheep, in Kent, Eng
land, reports 800 lambs from 800 ewes this
season, without the loss of one. Not
counting the destruction of sheep by dogs
in this country, the percentage of loss is
far greater than in England, showing that
the industry is conducted there more ju-
diciously, as a rule, than here. But we
have been making progress of late years
in better care and management Of sheep
with good results.
Draining is one of the most important
matters on the farm. On piece of Mich
igan land containing twenty-five acres,
which produced bog grass, rushes and
other yalueless growth, an expense of
nearly $500 was incurred in order to drain
it. The first year after drainage $3.50
was realized from grass alone. A New
York farmer reports that he has land that
produces forty bushels of wheat per acre
which formerly produced nothing, the
large crops being due to good drainage.
In order to get good melons select light
sandy soil. Dig holes two feet square and
eighteen inches deep. Fill the holes with
good well-rotted compost and hill up over
the holes. Before putting in the compost
lay few chips at the bottom in order to
assist the moisture to pass down and adj
nit the air. Plant five seeds and thin
down to two plants. Do not work among
the vines, as they should never be dis
turbed, but keep the soil clean where
there are no vines. Place hills ten feet
apart and remove all weeds and grass by
hand.
George w. Walz. practical gardener,
gives the following directions for killing
bugs: Take the leaves and stems of the
tomato plant and boil them in water until
the juice is all extracted. When the LIQUID
is cold it is to be sprinkled over the plants
attacked with insects, when it at once de-
stroys caterpillars, black and green flies,
gnats, lice and other enemies to vegeta-
bles, and in no way impairs the growth
of the plants. A peculiar odOr remains
and prevents insects from coming again
for long time. Everybody give it trial
and see how nice it works.
In building poultry house the amount
of actual room for rOosting is a very small
item compared with the purposes for
which a poultry house should be con-
structed. The house should be as large
lation in summer but for exercise in win
ter, as the fowls are best protected con-
fined at times when the snow is on the
ground, and consequently but few should
be kept together in one yard. In building
poultry house all these matters must be
considered, as room is required for feed
ing, roosting, laying and exercise.
Says a dairyman: ''By the time the
mammary glands of fancy COW are slim
LOT 70 oafS hot
take in the material for making from 500
to 800 pounds of butter in year, they
will have exhausted the resources of fat
in her blood to an extent that includes so
much of the hard fats which are accus-
toned to be deposited about the kidneys
and other parts Of the body in the form of
tallow that her butter approximates nat
urally-formed oleomargarine. / partook
Of some lately that hardly ranged above
oleomargarine in flavor, but the owner of
the cows considered 1t fancy"
Emulsions with milk may be made of
varying strength, but one of the most sat
isfact0ry proportions is two parts of re-
fined kerosene to one part of sour milk.
This must be thoroughly churned (not
merely shaken) until butter is formed
which is thoroughly stable and will keep
Indefinitely in closed vessels and NAV be
diluted ad libitum with water when needed
for use. The time required to bring the
butter varies with the temperature, and
both soap and milk emulsious are facili-
tated by heating the ingredients. Ordi-
nary condensed milk may also be used by
thoroughly stirring and beating it in an
equal or varying quantity of kerosene.
To detect authorizations in seeds we must
use the sieve water and microscope, says
Professor Blount. of Colorado. Hot water
dlss0lyes powder and dirt and washes off
the colOTing matter. The sieve makes the
separation of the true seed from the I'M
purities, and the microscope discovers
the shape, natural indentations, protube-
RANGES and discolorations. To determine
the vitality of the seed put 10 or 100 inside
Of three or four sheets of plotting paper,
which wet and keep where it will be warm
all the time and in the dark. In ten hours
the radish will terminate, eabbages in
eighteen, wheat In twenty-six and corn in
thirty-two hours. These rules are simple
and viii cost nothing. They may save
you much.
In France after the growing of beet su-
gar was introduced it was found tothe
surprise of farmers that they could grow
more wheat than before. The refuse from
the large quantity Of beet roots enabled
them to keep more stock and manure their
land better. 1t will very probably after a
time be found to result the same for other
crops in this country, on account Of the
greater attention given to growing amber
cane for sugar. Almost always the eX-
elusive devotion to one or two crops re-
suits in gradual exhaustion of the soil
and diminution of profit. When farm in