Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-07-13
Farm and Stock Notes.

! Plant some sweet corn for feeding Won
mich cows in August and September
I when the grass is scOrched and dry. Plan
in drills eighteen inches apart, on old sol
turned over. Plant every month up &
the middle Of July.
/ A citizen Of Iowa estimates that Their
/ is enough consumed BY the dogs of tina
/ State to feed 100, 900 persons, and, with tn
/ damage done the sheep interest, cost NOR
than the sum required annually for edu
cational purposes.
1t has been demonstrated by careful
analyses Of the mixed weddings of COW
horse. sheep and pig, that SO per cent. o
the nitrogen contained in the food eater
is yoided in the manure, and over 50 pei
cent. of the potash and phosphorie acid.
The Director of the Iowa Agriculture
College values the various milk-producins
foods as follows: Corn, per 100 pounds, 81
cents; oats, 60 cents; barley, 50 cents
wheat, So cents; bran, 20 cents; oil meal
81 10; clover hay, so cents; timothy, 81
cents; potatoes, 10 cents.
In a recent lecture before the Massa
chusetts Institute of Technology Mr.
Thomas Pray showed a photograph of q
cotton stalk bearing 225 bulbs, and SAID
that it had been proved that by careful
selection of the seed of this variety it was
possible to bring the yield of lOwland cot
ton to three bales per acre, while at pre-.
sent but one bale TO two acres is pro
dueed.
Few things in the progress Of the civil
lied world are more astonishing than the
increased consumption of wool. This is
best shown in the statistical account OF
the production, which in the year 1885
was 320,000,000 pounds, while in 1871 il
was nearly 1900, 000,0 600 pounds. Owing
to the great progress made in improving
the breeds of sheep the quality is also
much better than formerly.
A farmer in Ohio produced 116 bushels
of corn from an acre last season. He
plowed the ground about eight inches
deep and did not harrow at all before
planting. His theory is that when the
ground is left rough the harrow will de
stroy the weeds better. His reason for
deep burrows is that the hills are down
below the reach of the harrow, which al
lows of narrowing without disturbing the
corn.
The growing vegetable world breathes
carbonic acid gas through its leaves, using
the carbon to build up its structures, set
ting oxygen free for the use of the animal
world, which interchange is constantly
going on. The carbon so appropriated is
found in the ash of plants after combus-
ton, combined with lime or some other
mineral, but the larger proportion is again
driven off during the combustion, in which
process it is again united to oxygen in the
shape of carbonic acid gas.
Ordinary whitewash, as frequently used,
has very little effect except to distgure
the trees, says the Garden. To destroy
the insects and eggs hidden in the crew.
ces of the trees, very much stronger APP
plications have to be used. Soft soap re-
duced to the consistency of thick paint,
with the addition of a strong solution of
washing soda, makes one of the most
lasting washes. A solution of one pound
of commercial potash, in from two to tour
gallons of water, is also very good.
A well-bred, moderately fattened OK
should yield % to 60 pounds of dressed
carcass to 100 pounds of live weight,
while an excessively fat OK may give
from So to 20 per cent. Moderately fat
tened shorn sheep should dress 5S per
cent. of the live weight, and very fat ones
as high as So per cent. This is well I'M
derst0od by butchers, who base their
prices upon the dressed weight of the four
quarters. Thus, if good quality cattle are
reported at 10 cents 1t means so much per
pound for what the four quarters will
weigh, as the rule is that the AZ pounds OF
offal-hide, tallow, head, heart, legs, etc.,
pays for killing and dressing.
In 1860 set out forty pear trees. [ then
had ten trees; some of them were 30years
old, and in ten years | had fine orchard,
with abundance of fine fruit, numbers
from abroad pr0nOuncing my orchard the
finest they had ever seen. At the first
fair at Cory / swept the board on pre-
miums. Wishing to keep my orchard in
first-class condition l MANFRED the great
est part with sawdust horse-bedding,
worked it well into the ground. Result:
Soon every tree thus MANFRED was killed
with pear blight, and remains so yet for
thirteen years. Since the blight every
year / give my trees a liberal dressing of
unbleached wood ashes and have fine crops
of fruit; growth of trees very thrifty
Correspondence Agricultural Epit0natSt.
Horse-radish does well on any kind of
soil, but best in rich, moist ground. A
sandy loan well enriched with rotten
stable manure will give fine, clean
straight roots; on clayey soil the roots
are apt to fork and Ginger" The rows
are made twenty-four inches apart and
sets are planted eighteen inches apart in
the rows. No other cultivation is required
but to keep the ground clean. AS it is a
late crop it is usual to grow another, as
early crop, between the rows and put the
rows two and One-half feet apart. Beets
of an early kind are the best to grow with
the hOrse-radish in alternate rows, as they
do not make large tops. Horse-radish is
entirely hardy and can be left safely in
the ground all winter, but it is best to
harvest the roots and keep them in pits.
Orchard grass may be grown anywhere
in the country. 1t makes excellent pas
turage. The rapidity of its growth is
great. 1t makes flesh and is very nutri-
tiOus. From it's appearance it is some
times called pnpkJG foot If fhFiWnG
in somewhat shaded places. OF course
hay can be made from it, although it is
very coarse. and it seems never tired of
growing either after close cutting or after
close pasturing. In fact, it must be close
fed. The time for cutting is about the
same time as for clover. Sometimes it
grows so rapidly that cattle cannot crop
it short enough, so that it is too rank and
coarse for them. In that case 1t must be
cut. The value is somewhat in its earli-
ness. You must remember that the es-
sential thing about it is the close crop
ping. This causes it to keep tender and
fresh. 1t may be sown with advantage
early next fall.
Dairy COWS are subject to disease of
the bones caused by lack of mineral
matter in the system. 1t is especially
prevalent soil deficient in phosphoric
acid. Bone material consists of phosphate
VI AAAACs anu AAA1C ftAOnC W III 1Ob supply Abt
as the phosphorie acid is as essential as
the lime, and one is of no avail without
the other. This disease appears in the
COWS that are or have been milking, as
the milk carries off a large quantity of
this bone material. The end OF the tail
and the lower joints of the legs suffer
most. The tail becomes soft, and some
times the lower portion dies and drops off,
the lower portion of the limbs swell and,
unless proper treatment is applied, run
ming sores break out and the animal is
unable to stand. The treatment should
consist of feeding bran and oats literally,
and suspending breeding and milking
until the animal RECEIVERS.
1t is time for our farmers to understand,
says an Iowa experimenter, that the days
of the small horses are over, except to
drive to town and for light livery work.
They cannot afford either to raise them or
own them. If they will observe carefully
they will discover that it costs no more to
keep a colt two years than calf, and that
during these two years on stock keep the
colt will increase in value a great deal
faster than the calf. We do not advise
farmers to go altogether into horse farm
ing or into any other speciality, but along
with the calves and pigs raise a few good,
large colts. 1t is unsafe to devote farm
to any one kind Of stock. The true wis
dom is to raise some of each, but what
ever you do raise the best. We have