Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1884-01-16
Springfield Meeting.
,(Continued FROM 1st page.)

N'"''"o" ''"' i'' p"S''
had about SO mouv sheen. II was not y
lie. Custom sanctions such language and
one gets used to II after n little and car
mako tn needed allowances. I have told
you that with water In abundance the sol
of New Mexico would produce crops 70,
years without fertilization. Nav | tell
YOU of the straits to which a sister country
is driven to obtain her supplyp At the
timo the A. IT. 81 s Fe railroad reached
Santa Fe. was invited to witness the
driving of the silver spike and as Gov
Lew Wallace said. to see show the country
could enthuse." After tho ceremony
town, we had in our company a Young
English lord, who was fresh from his
native heath, and when his eve rested on
the soldiers monument. fine shaft of 81
feet, which New Mexico has erected to
perpetuate the memory other dead heroes
he asked, wonderincly, why, what is this
man? / assured him of its nature and
use, and as Ae read the names of the
several fields Of blood and OF the heroes
who fell, ne said, we'll, sentimental, yc
know, but bosh all the same; and, taking
from his pocket copy OF Public Optnion,
an eclectic paper, he read: The ship
has arrived with 800 tons of bones
gathered on the field of Pleona, where
50, 900 soldiers bit the dust during the
Turko.R Russian war. Comment is useless
but mark The comparison. Our country
guards the dust of her defenders as part
of our nations life.
Question by Mr. Goodwin-Does sheep
breeding in New Mexico deteriorate The
sheep?
MIR. Arms-.It does, and it is constantly
necessary to replenish hocks FROM the
north. l think there will be a market
there for all the sheep Vermont can raise
for 100 years to come. The alkaline dust
Injuries the fleece also. Many sheep are
kept there. She stands fourth of our
states in number of sheep and eighth in
production of wool.
The next address was upon drainage"
by j. r Walker. He said:
In opening the discussion on drainage,
in this short paper, nothing original is
claimed. The art of freeing land from
superfluous water, by means of covered
drains, or causing it to flow off in chan
nols, or through porous substances, is not
of modern origin, but dates back far into
antiquity.
The Romans were we'll acquainted with
the art of draining, and appear to have
practiced it to great extent. Their
writer's on agriculture, Pliny, Cato, Palla-
dious and Columella all mention it; and
some of them give very minute directions
for the formation of drains, with stones,
wood and straw. Various remains of
ancient drains in England show that land
draining had been practiced then from q
remote period. About the year looo,
captain waller bligh pupllshed WORK,
IN winch ne not only gives directions Tor
systematic drainage OF waterea meadows
oogs' ana marshy grounds nut iounds MS
rules upon principles wnlch the latest
experience ana most sclentihc researches
nave SHOWN 10 nave peen emlnently COR
rect. IN 1|ot Eiklnton' FARMER OF
"arrlckShire' estaolsned an original
system OF drainage IN which he was
himself, remarkably successful IN tapping
ana drawing OH water from springs III
Few deep dltches, (Hls SYSTEM however
dld not contemplate the removal OF water
occasloned by rains) In 1928, Mr.
James smith OF Deanster introduced the
system OF frequent, or thorough drainage,
which, IN fact, was the same rs recon
mended by Captain Bllgh nearly 2oo
years before and Is the system now adopt.
ed by our most successful engineers and
practical dralners II consisted, IN short
OF constructing series OF parallel under
drains in the direction OF the steepest
descent. AT the bottom, man drain
was made OF sufficient capacity and
descent, to convey away all the water
collected by the smaller drains.
Underdrains were formerly made with
stones. timber. brush and even weed, at
the bottom and covered with soil These
materials are fast piyino pace to drain
tlls, which is decidedly the best. and the
cheapest, where tile can be obtained near
where they are manufactured. at reasona.
bic rates. The first machine for the
manufacture of tile was invented nv the
MARQUIS of Tweedale. In 1S35 tiles
were introduced in this county bv John
johnson of Geneva. N va Scofchm,n
bv birth, who imported pattern. of drain.
tile from Scotland and caused ,bcm to he
made by hand labor to be used mon his
own farm. In 1913, John DalofeId, ESQ,
of Seneca Co. NY. imported from Enc.
land a patent tile machine. Since tt,3t
time tile drainino has been DILIGENTLY
pursued in that part of New YORK ana
so we'll are the land owners nlcased with
the results. that upon some sinolo f,rms
in that vicinity. more than fif,v Miles If Tile
underlrain, have already been cons,rrnt.
ed. ''O '''
An instance of the value Of drainogo
upou wheat cron il relatod nnr;no
Il wear when tho wheat was bodlv cffsc,nd
by midpe. upon seven farms ad;n;ninn
not drained. only nine hnsho,s 3f nonr
wheat per acre was Obtained viii
upon the drained lands of Mr. .Johnsnn
20 bushels per acre of fine wheat was
harvested. This one crop ynnId nav thn
entire expense of DRAINAGE and leave the
lard in fine condition 10 nroIncn Lrgp
heavy crops in all m,ure Tina Ru, Ma
nine bushels from the underdroined lind
would not paw for cultivalion, Let ne
glance at some of the m,nv advantaoes
of UNDERTAKING..
1st. 1t lessons or nreven tho inipro,s
eff, cts of drou,h There i. m dnpger of
maLlno land too drv Inv underlra;ninr il
1t is a lact. fully established nv eynarisnno
that Thoroughly drained land ia liss l1,hlo