davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
THE RATTLEFIELDs.
A Visit Determined 10 fredericksburg
ana the wilderness.

and the wilderness.
The following coll was made Fob. by tho
undersigned gentlemen:
Hoping TO benefit history we have united with
the historian Of the LIST corps, Mai. J. H. Stine in
making ARRANGEMENTS for a, historical visit to
ness, Thursday, May 10, 1884. The positions Of tho
two contendinR armies will be designated by vet.
Grams who served there. Persons desiring to 20
should report TO MAI. ]. H, stne, No. 925 street
Gen. John Newton, Gen. Henry J. Hunt, Con.
jones Longstreet, Gen. W. s. Rosccrans, Gen.
GeorsoJ, slounard, Gen. Joseph Dickinson. Capt.
II. Tichcnor, Col Jack Brown Col James A. TAFT,
Maj. H. l.. Craniord Maj, j, Il. Callnghan, Capt.
Isaac 3 Filbcrt, Capt. a. II. Van Deusen, Col y.
N. Craig, Capt. W. w. Macy. Capt. w. s. Odell
Gen. W. w. Dudley, Maj. X. II. Slime Chistorlan),
MAJ. n. D. Prentice, Mai. X. S. Lacey, Capt. John
O.Nein, Dr. Florence DOnohue, James w. Kirkley,
Thomas NJ. Exley, and Gov. Francis Fairchild.
In pursuance of the above call, meeting
was hold at the residence of Maj. J. II. Stine,
No. 1876 G street southeast, last night. Gen.
Henry j. Hunt was called to the chair and
Con. Joseph Dickinson elected secretary. 1t
was resolved that an excursion be made on
Thursday May TO- 1884, to visit tho BATTLE
fields Of Fredericksburg, Charlottesville,
and the Wilderness. The following commit
tees were appointed
Transportation-Mai. J. II. Stine Mai. II.
J.. Crawford, Mai. j. T. Callaghan, Capt Jas
W. Wadsworth, and Col. Carter NJ. Braxton.
On invitations--Gen. II. j. Hunt, Gen.
George J. Hammond, Gen. w. S. Rosccrans,
Gen. Jos. Dickinson, Col. s. G. Benedict, Col.
j. s. Tichenor, Col. J. K. Thornton, Mai. r. s.
ford, Capt. Jas. w. Wadsworth, Capt. w. w.
Macy, Capt. A. II. Van Deusen. Capt. w. s..
Odell, Gen. Lucius Fairchild, and Gen. w.
w, Dudley,
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
THE PRESIDENTS PROCLAMATION
Modification OF Customs Duties With
Cuba and Porto Rico.

Modification OF Customs Duties With
Cuba and Porto Rico.
Tho Presid ent has issued proclamation
declaring that, in consideration of the Spanish
government aving abolished discriminating
customs duties on American products i'm
ported into Cuba and Porto Rico, he will
cause the customs duties on importations
from those islands into the United States to
cease after March l, 1884.
The action of the Spanish government is in
tho nature of a modification OF the articles
signed on the second of January last, which
embraced stipulations that required the APP
probation of the legislative branch Of the
Spanish government, it having been found
that, on account of special circumstances,
such appreciation could not be had in time ia
put them in execution on the first Of March
next, as had been agreed upon.
The modified articles declare the agreement
on the part of the Spanish government that
the duties of the third column of the customs
tariffs of Cuba and Porto Rico which implies
the suppression Of the difierential flag duty
will at once be applied to the products of, and
articles proceeding from. the United States OF
America; that tho government of the said
United States will remove the extra duty OF
10 per cent. sd valorem, which 1t has imposed
on the products and articles proceeding from
Cuba and Porto Rico under the Spanish flag
that the custom houses Of the United States
will furnish to the respective Spanish con
suls, whenever they may request them, GER
tihcates OF the cargoes Of sugar and tobacco
brought in vessels proceeding from both the
Spanish Antilles, stating the quantities o.
said articles received, and that these stipula
tions shall go into effect both in the United
States Of America and the islands of Cubs
and Porto Rico ON the first day of March
1884; and to this effect tho government of the
United States of America and that Of SpaiI
will at once issue the proper orders.
An additional article declares that the gov
ernment of his Catholic majesty will submit
in due time to the deliberations of the corte
the suppression of the tonnage fees on mer
chandise at present paid on the cargoes o
vessels leaving the ports Of the United State
for Cuba and Porto Rico. as we'll as tn
special duty which is imposed on live fiSl
imported into Cuba under a foreign flag il
accordance with the royal order Of the thir
teenth of March, 1852.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
The Athena Club.

The second annual entertainment of the
Athena Literary and Debating club was held
last evening at the Congregational church,
and was largely attended. The following
performers took part; Mr.. F. B. Severance,
Harry B. Mason, Henry c. Fisher, John We'd
derburn, Cassell Severance, Mortimer Red
man, Lendall A. Connell, jr., Alexander t.
for the evening was Resolved, That the
mind gains more knowledge from reading
than by observation" The following gentle.
men participated; Mortimer Redman and
Henry G. Fisher in the affirmative, with L.
G. La Fetra and f. II. seely in the negative
The question was decided in tho Affirmative
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
The sIugwers, Brutal Work.

NEW YORK, Feb. Gothic long-anticipated
prize fight between Jim Murray, of this city,
and Tom Henry Of England, took place this
morning at secluded spot on the shore of
Long Island sound about mile and half
west Of New Rochelle, WestcheSter county,
which ended IN victory for Henry. The
"mill" was witnessed by about 300 sporting
men, and the friends of the respective con-
testants made some heavy wagers on the
result. After the fight both the principals
were arrested and taken to Jail at White
Plains
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

on the Sunday before the election. voted
the Independent ticket. considered the
democrats pack of murderers.
Richard Coxwell (whito), democrat, testi-
fed: live in Hazlehurst; was an election
officer. J.P. Matthews handed me his vote
While the clerk was looking on the roll for
his namo heard gun fired. saw Wheeler
standing in the room and Matthews lying on
the floor. Saw Matthews and Wheeler talking
when together, q short time before Matthews
fell. discovered pistol by his side. Mat
thows was the first to present his ticket to
vote. When Matthews fell l saw pistol by
his side. No one had come into the room.
There was nothing to indicate the probability
Of difficulty. Have been told that Matthews
carried pistol, and said he intended
to kill some of those damned wharf
rats" i think the democrats Of Copiah county
are opposed to violence. My impression is
that the killing Of Print Matthews was not
approved, but condemned by majority Of
the voters of Copiah county. Aftor Matthews
had been killed | saw shotgun in the hands
of Morrison, Wheelers son -in-law. Before
tho election reports were current that the ne
groes were going to rise.
Tho democratic members Of the committee
were requested by Chairman Hoar TO have
their witnesses ready Thursday morning,
The committee adjourned.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
YESTERDAYS PROCEEDINGS.

Jude r. II. Ware, of jackson, was the first
witness examined to-day. He testified az
follows: l was in the confederate army.
am now assistant United States district
attorney for Mississippi. l have been .
republican since 1872. l heard the
first speech made by ]. p. Mat
thews in the last campaign. The
democratic papers spoke OF it as
incendiary in character, saying that he sd
vised the arming of negroes, &c. In my
opinion there was nothing in the speech
justifying such criticism, though it was q
very severe arraignment Of the democratic
party. There was nothing personal in it,
A. Mead was present aud seemed TO be
in good humor, making no complaint
His paper contained one of the criti-
csms mentioned, and reported that Matthews
subsequently invoked the power of the ted.
eral government to promote the interests OF
the republican party and aid in carrying the
elections in Mississippi. i replied to this
statement that Matthews's aim was to protect
the people. ] favored interference, the court
to decide the question when it came before it.
L. Il. Matthews testified that his store was
fifteen miles from Hazlehurst. He confirmed
the testimony of other members of the family
regarding the movements of armed men over
the county, the reign of terror among the
negroes, the shooting through his store, reso-
lutions of warning, 60.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

SAN FRANCISCO, Fob. 2o.-It is announced
on reliable authority that the governor has
decided upon an extra session of the legisla-
ture to take action in tho matter Of the
state aud county taxes unpaid by the Central
Pacific Railway company for the years 1880,
1881, and 1882 which, with the interest and
penalty, amount to $l,074,000. 1t hos been
established that the law will not permit q
compromise and that the total amount must
be paid. The proclamation calling the extra
session will bo issued the latter part of this
or the first part of next week,
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

The third grand soiree and bal masque Of
the "owls' was given at Abners last night
and many unique and pretty costumes were
displayed. Among those present were Misses
Dora Lynn, NJ. and Z. Sherger, A. stutz
Mrs. W. F. Lutz, jr., Misses N. Smith, A
Donch, L. Donch, Kahler, A. DIETRICH, NJ
Lauxman, T. L. Phipps Mrs Crowell, Mise.
Israel, e. Haich, L. Beady, L. A. sikken, and
Maj. Chaler, L. Trabb, A. Stahl, &. Hause
M. Croxall, II. Sherger, G. Calison. P. Nee, A
o. Oliphant, Simon King, ID. I. Todd, L. A
Wetzell, and many others.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
Hurled Under Burning Walls.

PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 2o.-Fire broke out
afresh this morning in Lathbury & Co.'s -four
war ehouse. on Broad street. While the fire.
m en- were playing upon the flames the walls
fell in and buried five men. The injured
were James Clayton, hurt internally and leg
broken; John Callahan, serious internal
injuries John Jauffert, shoulder and hip
fractured. William Staggart and John ALI
90 to their homes.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
The Harris House Hop.

A hop was given last evening at the Harris
house. Among those in attendance were
Mr.. and Mrs. Dozendorf, w. S. Roose, Mrs.
e. c. Gorham, Mrs. Benson, Mr.. and Mrs.
Clark, Mr.. and Mrs. Ben. Butterworth, Hon.
Mrs. Houck, Miss Stacy, Or. and Miss Adams
Mr.. A. Ferguson, Mr.. Johnston and wife, NJ.
II. Herr, Hon. H. +. Page and wife, Miss
Bond Miss l.. B. Price, Miss Marion Pierce,
of Attleboro', Mass; NJ. w. ID. Frye, ]. N.
Henry, II. Mitchell, Miss Hall, W. II. Rapley
Miss F. Temple, Mr.. F. Stedman, Miss Hor.
ton
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
EI-Judve Johnson,s Forgeries.

NEWARK, N. j., Feb 2O.--It has been as
certained that in addition to the previously
reported forgeries on the part of ex-Judge
Finley johnson, who has absconded from the
town, that forgeries of the name of Henry
Ward, carpenter and builder, to notes
amounting to 100000, have been discovered
1t is also reported that thOre are still other
forgeries that have not yet come to light.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

An old man named John Tyler, 80 years of
age, was found last night at the corner of
Ninth street and Louisiana avenue by Officer
Diggins wandering about aimlessly and in a
half frozen condition. He was brought to
the fifth precinct station, where he stated he
was from Springfield, ILL.,, and was on his
way to Alexandria, where his daughter lives.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

Boston, Feb. 2O.-The republican state
committee to-day voted to hold the state con-
vention for the choice of delegates to the ma
April 80. The committee elected John d.
Long presiding officer aud chairman of the
committee Of resolutions.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
Tn. Naval Cadet court-NrartiaI.

ANNAPoLIs, Nd, Feb. 2o.-The case Of
Naval Cadet McKean for hazing Cadet Craig
was concluded this afternoon, and that Of
Naval Cadet w. W. Bush, jr, Of New York,
on the same charge, was taken up The testi-
mony will be the same in all the cases. This
Ia the last case.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
Cen. Ord's Remains.

The remains of Gen. E. o. C. Ord are ex-
pected to arrive here on the twenty-seventh
instant. Tho troops at the Washington bar
racks, under command Of Gen. Ayres, will
escort the remains to the place Of interment
in Oak Hill cemetery. The funeral will take
place on the day of the arrival Of the body.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
"Old Kentuck."

The Louisville Delegation now
in the city presenting their claims
for the Democratic National Con-
vention will receive their friends
at the Parlors of the Ebbitt House
To-Day, from 4 to 10 p. M,
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

NEW YORK, Feb. 20.-The new issue Of
$s0O,OO0 city bonds has been awarded by the
comptroller to tho following bidders: $780,
OOO to Grant & Ward; $35O,9O0, to tho Dry
Dock Savings bank, and $4,000 to the Home
Insurance company.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21
A Fire Yesterday.

At 5:lO o'clock yesterday afternoon slight
fire occurred in the basement Of Mr.. James
r. selfridge's residence, 1907 Rhode Island
avenue. The fire department responded, bSt
did not 20 into service,
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

FINELY finished and the best Myerss Cabinet
photographs, ~ per dozen. No. 1927 Pennsylvania
avenue.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1884-02-21

The National Academy of Fine Arts, 1741
New York avenue, corner of Eighteenth
street, will bo open to the public this eve-
ming.
The Daily bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Hawaii]) 1882-1895, 1884-01-02
WEDNESDAY, JAN. 2, 1884.
THIS DAYS DOINGS.

Meeting Stock Exchange, at IL.
EVENING,
Oahu Lodge, No. l X. of P. 1880.
Bethel Prayer Meeting, att 80.
Fort st. Church, Prayer Meeting
at 1880.
st. Andrews Cathedral, usual
services, 1880.
The Daily bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Hawaii]) 1882-1895, 1884-01-02

Ths Dailg 8nlletln
Pledged to neither Scot nor Party
But established for the benefit Of all.
The Daily bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Hawaii]) 1882-1895, 1884-01-02
The Iwalani,
Tho Janes Makee.

FREEMAN, Commander.
Leaves Honolulu every Thursday
at 3 pm. for Kapaa and Kilauea. Re.
turning, leaves Kaual every Tuesday at
pm, and touching at Wainae, both
WayS
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
A coMroREABLE FORTUNE.
One ofthe Memphis Men Who Became Sud-
denly Enriched.

One otthe Memphis Men Who Became Sud
denly Enriched.
Stories of sudden or miraculous wealth have
always possessed peculiar fascination for the
masses, and the man who has drawn prize in
a lottery is regarded as the happiest of mortals.
At the last drawing of The Louisiana State Lot
terry two Memphis men drew $15, 600 each. One
Of these was Mr.: B, J. Dorsey, who has been a
foreman Of hands at work upon the levees along
the Mississippi. He has been living in humble
circumstances at 80 Jackson street An Ava
lanche reporter yesterday haG curiosity to see
the man who had drawn $15 600 so he repaired
to the corner of Main and jackson streets and
inquired Of some children where Dorsey lived
tYou mean the man that drew the lottery
price," asked one of them.
eyes," replied the reporter.
ssHe's moved away. He used to live in that
little house over there, but he's going to live in
q fine house in Fort Pickering now"
The reporter greatly marveled and went to
the house pointed out to him, and asked man
there if Dorsey still lived there. sE Co.,
"No," was the reply. "You see he drew
part of the big prize in the Louisiana State
Lottery, and he wants more stylish quarters.
He's got the money and guess he's happy. !
wish was in his place, that's ALL"
Mr.: Dorsey is said to be man in every way
deserving the good luck that has been thrust
upon him by chance. Memphis renn.) Ava
lanche, June 4 IL &'a1#. - t@.& - ~
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
Samuel 3. Ti1den Declines.

Samuel J. Tilden has written letter to the
chairman of the Democratic State Committee
of New York, positively declining to run for
President. He closes as follows: At the pres
emit time the consideration which induced my
action in 1850 have become imperative.
ought not to assume, task which have not
the physical strength to carry through I am
therefore constrained to say definitely
that cannot now assume the labors Of
an administration Or of a canvass
grateful beyond all words to my fellow coun-
trymen who would assign such a benefcent
function to me, l am consoled by the reflection
that neither the Democratic partynor the re-
public for whose future that rarty is the best
guarantee, is now, or ever can be, dependent
upon any one man for their successful progress
in the path of a noble destiny. Having given to
their welfare whatever of health and strength
I possessed or could borrow from the future,
and having reached the term Of my capacity for
such labors as their welfare now demands,
but submit to the will of God in deeming my
public career forever closed.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20

A delicious syrup, perfectly harmless, that
+ cures that distressing afaiction, NHooPINo
CoUaH in . few days II prevents the parox,
ysmal coughing, which causes the whoop.
Bronchial OF ordinary hacking cough, so pre-.
Yalent in childhood and old age, are perman-
iy vegetable, and eau be admins tered 70 infants
without the alightst danger II relieves and
cures whooping cough and any cough Of child
rem OF adults s5a NJ r Il
We are constantly in receipt Of testimonials,
and reports from physicians and druggists
your child has cold, a few doses of Papillon
Cough Cure will prevent contagious malady
For hacking night cough, this remedy is gu
perior to all others. 5sz3 Fl Ss$}
Price, LOO per bottle, six for 50. 90 Direc-
lions in ten languages accompany every bottle
For sale by all druggists. s Il q
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
Another hank E,nps.x1er.

6 Cleveland, Ohio, Special: Isaac A. Stan
ton, paying teller Of the National bank Of Com
meroe, was jailed Wednesday evening the 11th,
for embezzling $1OQl0O0 from the bank The
shortage was discovered when Cashier Carrot
son counted the reserve fund kept in q special
apartment OF the vault combination of which
was known only to Garretson and Stanley.
When asked to explain the shrinkage Stanley
confessed that q yearagoh he was troubled about
1 debt Of $500 in his house and thought he
could take that sum from the reserve fund
without harm to any one, invest it in grain, re-
alize profit, pay of the mortgage on his place
and return the money; but the investment was
unfortunate, and to cover the loss he took more,
and so on till he had taken 41OO, Goo
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
Shot by q Dynaniter.

Toronto, Ont, Special:-Dr. Case Of Chica-
60, who caused SO much excitem ent few
months ago at Ottawa and Toronto in connec-
don with attempts to blow up the house OF parli-
amentearly Wednesday morning shot and killed
lila, little town 100 miles north of Toronto.
When the row in which he shot Hamilton oc-
CURED, he was writing up q jeWelry robbery.
He went to Orillia to look for the robbers, and
while in q house Of ill-fame met Hamilton,
who, it is said, knew moro about Casse's con
nection with the dynamite gang than was caleu-
lated to please the latter Hamilton threatened
to expose the doctor, and in an alteration was
shot dead Case was arrested and will likely
be found guilty Of murder by the corners jury.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
Dyspepsia.
Boston Mar. 3. 1888.

~ 5.=5 IS Boston, Mar. 3, 1884.
/ have used Burdock Blood Bitters for
q severe case Of dyspepsia with great sue
cess, and can console ntiously recommend
it to any person troubled with any form
of dyspepsia. JULIA BoYLEN,
6 ellison Court, West Cedar st.
Bridgeport. OF, April 4, 1884
I have been greatly benefited BY Bur-
dock Blood Bitters. Two bottles entirely
cured me Of the worst kind Of dyspepsia.
j tried many 9th er medicines, but entire
u failed to get any relief from them
EZRA =. Nichols, 8 Whitney Lane.
Providence, R. g A pr a, S84.
am using Burdock Blood Bitterss
for dyspepsia and hare received great
relief. Have been seriously troubled
with dyspepsia for FIVE years, and here
tofore have not found relief
CsHAs ]. r.. SSWEET,
IS William st.
East Boston, n lass. Feb. 4 i, 1884. S
have been using Burdoek Blood
sBitters for bad case 81 dyspepsia.
The frsss bottle purchased at Brad
bury drug store, Washington 81. lre-.
ieyed me So much T procured the see-
sond bottle tat Putnam's drug store d.
Boat0n), which has done me great
deal al good. IS ! friend of mine nsing
1t for the same thing says il Is splendid.
Anna FoRBEs,
3 Moore ST
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
u sAvrLLE LovE SOHO.
Look down from your window, dearest;
The mists Of night are fed, a,5E. ..1..

q )
Look down from your window, dearest; n
The mists Of night are fed, s5fs VI
Venus, of stars the clearest,
Burns just above, your head
lam not at your sweet eyes, level,
2l Nor above, where the jaslaines bi1Et
Round the golden tower Of Seville +
e. am here, at your feet below
Send me d flower, dearest, 55&
A word from the common speech,
To all mankind the clearest,
Which pleasant, like king, may reacE.
lam here, as ii were, in December,
And you are in May, UP above a:
Oh, send me q bud to remember
The Springs first promise. of love!
! ss5 Hamilton Aldo.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20

I am entirely cured of Catarrb, as is also a
member of my family. The Balm stopped 8
roaring in my head which had continued for
more than a year. JAMES E. CRossoN Sexton
at the Tabernacle, Paterson, N. j. ISee adv: !
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
LET TRUTH TELL ITE STORY. I
A Minister and the Orphan Children.

.REv. T. B, PAINE, Macon, Ga, writes: We
have been using swift's Specific at the orphans
home as general health tonic, and have had re-
markable results from its use on the children
and employees Of the institution. It is such an
excellent tonic, and keeps the blood SO pure, that
the system is less liable to disease 1t has cured
some of our children Of Scrofula" .
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20

ELY's CREAM BALM has cured me Of Catarrh
Was afflicted ten years. I tried almost every
and tIoronh '1 ArxFPN Wh @ of
shoes, 143 Federal Street, Boston, Mass.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20

who have suffered all the horrors of Dyspepsia,
can fully appreciate tho value and efficacy Of
Perry Davis Pain Killer, sovereign remedy
for this distressing disease in all it's forms is
used internally and externally, test its virtues.
Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1884-06-20
The Jews are beginning to waver in
!, zaE3Ss. - aEt = . IL - -

The Jews are beginning to waver in.
their religious isolation from other sects.
Indications Of this have from time to
time appeared Of late years, and now
Rev. DR.. Gottheil OF the Congregation
Emanuel in New I ork has sent q letter
to his people calling their attention to
the declining attendance upon religious
services, which he attributes in part to
their being held on Saturday. He ad-
vises a service On Sunday and q thor-
5ough revision Of the ritual, which has
become unadapted TO the age He re-
scommends tho use OF the vernaeular
instead Of Hebrew and the introduction
of congregational singing