The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1884-12-21

. slsS| In ,an ps'st; o through ts4 az
Is es'.sfP hs,.
81 q e :. me
In he h,,p rSpCssd iTpEcySs%Isnt Of the Ban
s ss sot e N 1di is e.:
sso SSo4 lease saS
given: even 70 the entrance q 9 harbor With
width Of the larger olass Of vessels which make
sSa ana e g snS
feoted by currents. and especially where II
asa @ 81 "a sna nsss ~ %
- 6y the S"pks Of an ordinary canal its
.s.n! Il Sd q 81 :.o %s ana 1 e.
width Of he out should 30 not less at the bot.
tom than 400 feet. which would give an average
deoh 70 s. Wiz slope. q ONE
The ealculators presume that the exact depth
Of 20 feet. with side slopes oi one upon three
can BE- p X
S %ssf e %S dspsE o S.S% ,Ss
sSpsh T. desired e spd this is true
one one or Two feet below the bottom which It T.
L. 70 T sH sass'f sns sssd
depth and width into oonsidorati9n. the amount
poue w be- u pe ~ o and an
times that given in the original estimate
which the a hs Of tue rHa
proGosed t9 cut channels from either shore on!
the tho asa
a about r miles from the shore line on the east
Of depth duo f to wave action without know.
Ing from , oSservsti"T H., what heght the wavos
TIE l. less ys hss ioun
feet. for this IL tho amount given by calcula;
wAi IL. h .ss nS 81 SsnE tho snss
til. channel .h Itself This would require an IN,
the Channel to be carried out to the 2soe
curve which. II the slope OF tho bottom be
as and two miles out Of e' ases
curve.
be cut is reported az soft mud. and this in tho
single Instance in which we tried IT, we found
1t ia my opinion that It would bo impracti-
cable to keep a channel opon through thus soft
vent il from nlinx up again ilnmodately, it
would be necessary to protect Its sides for their
AND r2 hs ins o is
to no heavier wave action than has just boen
and 81 ns
strens'heed r. to, n tie ny riers Or brace
81 this mode Of COZ st @ m ns less than 20
per linear foot OF structure and unless the cir
cHms,anses prove favorable. it will not be pos
An extensio ION OF tho channel on the west aide
makes L a, the , cast A Side and
for the Same reason also. II VIII be necessary to
| tions are given to II.
The prices In general seem to bo fair. and are
apparontIy 9s .s9, ppon those paid for similar
OF pay of an ordinary laborer for one days
work Of ten hours. In some instances. how
under water Sfs f ne aHfy
biat In, 81, I
tanei is ,twenty-siv feet, tho. rate viii be at
least double and have therefore taken it at
In the estimates for locks no provision is
struction Of tho walls. concrete being proposed
as substitute. Ordinary concrete will not. an.
from the impact and rubbing OF the. heavy YES:
s;one Be
q @ Ta 'ns y?s;
and this would cost not loss than sli per cubic
Iseesses should BE- built in ne best manner OF
dressed stons., The cost OF this dressed stone
yard. wkis good rnbbia woSid cost St $40. eu'''
Each it 0ek Should h nnSe third pair Of
make use Of tho canal both for the purpose OF
OF the Intermediate levels and for saving rs
much tine as SSHsIis,sh in tire es1sage
estimate d thsir Probable cost for neither til tho
SSS,h rs, for a.o brsakIns the sWsll a
are the lengths. OF the eannl and h lar.
b9r piers. nor the depth q, tho wnter in
is possible, however. that the GrSytown break
wos!d bG r"Sel in not ea than "a foe.
than bali mile; and Il We assume that it is 70
be built Of pie,yes g",dues. that is crest Is 20
OF tho sea nnd that its outer and inner slopes
are I one nPoa four Snd one yGon
ofan approyimate estimate OF its cost.
~ In colpnpnIinT the cost q breakwaters which
which varies from about $50 to $500 in the tRs
United states, break waters to u loo and 81. 500
forthe CheIrbouig France and plymouth. Eng
oyer, from 70 to 80 per cent; but as this method
Of e2mparison T. entirely indepsndent Of the
and Of the cross sections OF the work. 1t affords
absolutely no means OF comparing their rca-
ilXed standard, such as cubic yard. should be
about 81 per cubic yard. That Of tho Cherbourx
| breakwater has been probably much less. as n
Than bali m tho IT unte lite Sa,e more
J.. As there are no harhor facilities az Greytown
stone. fused. must be, nuarrlcd in blocks large
| enough to rosist tho lispersive action OF the
| tanccs, 1t will probably cost not less than $40
| per cubic yard, which would make tho cost OF
| the break water about IS, 900. 900.
| II the two canal piers have q breadth OF go
| feet each, with their crests 10 feet above the
water level, and their side stones Of one upon
| one and reach the 80 feet curve at distance OF
| same rate would be about 81, 900 900 No tim
| Der whatever should be used in these struc-
lures and the blocks OF which they are com
| posed sho uid be as large rs cap be conveniently
| managed. Tho piers at Port Said, at the Modi-
| bloc ks Of artificial stone composed OF dredged
| sand and hydraulic lime OF theil. And these
| blocks. which weigh 20 tom each and measure
| about IL cubic yards each, cost in final position
| 1878 per cubic yard. 1t may be found con-
| venient or necessary to resort to the use Of
artificial stone in tho construction now under
| consideration.
| Tho necessary iredg ing and pile protection Of
| the channel In the passage across the harbor
~ pbnh Iy Iaaa lion a