davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ketchum keystone. (Ketchum, Idaho) 1881-1884, 1884-01-26

Total Solids %. e05
!. /. Lewis, Manager.
The Ketchum keystone. (Ketchum, Idaho) 1881-1884, 1884-01-26
Volcanic Alaska.

| Professor Davidson OF San Francisco
received from Alaska, on the 2Sth, par
| ticnlars of the volcanic disturbances in
! October last near the enterance to Cooks
inlet On the morning OF October 9Th a
settlement of FISHERMEN ut English bar
heard heavy report. Looking in the
direction OF the sound they saw an inn
mense volumes OF smoke and flames
suddenly burst forth from the summit
OF Mount Augustine. The sky became
obscure during few hours, and great
quantities of pumice dust began to fall
some fine and smooth, and some
gritty. Alta o'clock in the afternoon OF
the same day, an earthquake wave 80 feet
high came rushing in over the hamlet,
sweeping away all the boats and delug-
ing the houses. The tide at the time
being low, saved the settlement from
utter destruction. This was followed
by two other waves, abont eighteen feet
high, which was succeeded at irregular
intervals by others Pumice ashes fell
to depth of five inches. making the
day SO dark that lamps had to be lit.
Al night the surrounding country was
illuminated by flames from the crater.
r. E. Barnard, astronomer Of the Van
derbilt University. reports remarkable
changes in the Brooks comet ON the
nights OF the Goth and 2lst. Sunday
night the nucleus was surrounded by a
faint enveloped and numerous dark riffs
were visible III the TAIL Monday night
they separated into three distinct
branches, showing dark sky between,
and rapid pulsations of light enc degree
back OF the nucleus.
The Ketchum keystone. (Ketchum, Idaho) 1881-1884, 1884-01-26
J. I. Morgan & Co.,
BAN KERS,
idaho,


Transact General Bank Business Buy and
Sell Sterling Exchange. Buy and Sell Ex-
change on the Cities of the United States
Certificates Of Deposit issued Payable on De-
mand.
Careful attention given to collections and Re-
mitanees made ON day OF payment.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
A horticultural Society.

One of our postal card correspondents
(and if you have no time to write more,
your postals are always welcome), says,
speaking of the proposal for State Hor-
ticultural Society IL hope we shall have
one, for thousands of dollars are paid out
in Vermont for worthless or unsuitable
trees and plants which might be saved if
one-tenth the money we're spent in con-
tributing to society that would keep us
posted" This is very true. Michigan as a
fruit-growing state is an example of what
horticultural society can do for the peo-
pie. Its orchardists, who formerly planted
hit or miss in the selection of fruit, and
filled up their ground with Improbable
varieties, now have the collected expert
ence from all parts of the state as to what
is best. The tree peddlars take vast sums
of money out of Vermont that the farmers
can ill spare, for worthless stock. In the
village of Barton Landing, few years
ago, one peddlar took 5000 for apple trees
of sorts that were practically worthless
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
Sabin's and Cuttings Reports on
Commercial Fertilizers.

Secretary Cutting has published, with
remarks, Chemist Sabin's report of analy-
ses made of the fertilizers sold in this
state. 1t appeared on the last page of
the issue of THE WATCHMAN of April
10. Professor Sabin analysed only a
part of the samples, being prevented
from finishing his task by sickness in his
family and increased work. He estimates
the nitrogen by method which does not
give the nitrogen present as nitrates, al
though this must be unfair to those
makers who use nitrate of soda as the
source, in full or in part, of the nitrogen
in their fertilizers. Professor Sabin says
this is "the common method" 1t GER
tainly is not the method of the Connecti-
cut Experiment Station, which in its re-
port for 1888 gives in separate columns
Nitrogen of Nitrates," Nitrogen of Am
monia Salts" and "Nitrogen of Organic
Matters !" and this is the way it should be
done. In the Quinnipiac Fertilizer Com
pany's Fish and Potash Crossed Fishes
BRANDY considerable portion GAS per
cent? exists as nitrates, and the same is
true of the Mapes Complete Manure for
light or sandy soil, and several other fer
tilizers ON the list.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

THE protectionist cannot succeed in
maintaining high duties without plenty
of votes. But the votes of all the manu-
fscturers and all their help are but drop
in the big bucket full of popular ballots.
The farmers, trained by Horace Greeley,
have heretofore been the bulwark of the
protectionist vote, and have been poorly
paid by few low duties on agricultural
products. The last congress threw the
wool-growers overheard, and the present
congress refuses to throw them rope,
showing that the politicians, whether call
ing themselves protectionists or revenue
tariff men, have agreed that "rsw mate
rails Chat is, agricultural products) are
to have no more protection. But taking
off the tariff on raw products will in
very little time lose the manufacturers
the agricultural vote, for if the "poor
farmer" can live without protection the
argument in favor of the "poor manu-
facturer" and the "poor operative will
lose all its weight. If American labor is
to be protected " everywhere else but on
the farm, where most of it is to be found,
then "twenty million working men will
know the reason why"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

There is far too much variation here,
much more than there usually is, indeed,
in Bradley's fertilizers, but the figures are
no doubt so made to cover any accidental
and unattended variation that might
occur in single packages. Professor
Sabin's analysis shows that this fertilizer
averages considerably better than the
lowest figures given above, yet DIR. Cut
ting uses them, because guarantees mean
only the least "a statement refuted by
his chemists figures, all through.
In the above remarks we have chosen
to take Bradley's XII as text, because
it is the favorite fertilizer in this state,
and in our opinion the most uniformly
made of any that has been sold here
through long series Of years. With DR..
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

Cuttings high values he makes good
showing for Crocker's Buffalo Phosphate
and Potato Phosphate, and shows that the
latter is really special fertilizer, having
for potatoes larger excess of potash.
The "Original Goes phosphate, made
by Bradley, the Soluble Pacific Guano,"
the Detroit Sugar Phosphate" and the
Dole "Common Sense" fertilizers are
shown (by DR.. Cuttings "values y to
analyze from SO to $40 more than their
lowest guarantee, but as the selling prices
are not given we are left in the dark as to
how the analyses compare with them.
For the first time we note Vermont
made fertilizer, the product Of the Slack
Fertilizer Company" of Springfield, Vt.
Two brands are reported" Slack'e Bone
Phosphate" and "Slack's Dissolved Bone"
The lowest guarantee of the first is set
down at $3.50 and the value Cat DIR.
Cuttings rates) at $500; of the second
the lowest guarantee is $33 80, and the
value, at the same rates, $54 so; but, as
with all the rest, the selling prices are not
given. We should like to know more of
this article.
The Bowker fertilizers stand generally
low in this report. At DR.. Cuttings val
ues, Chill and Drill " is set as worth
$3S A; "Bowker's Phosphate $33.49,
and Bowker's Dissolved Bone" 1874 OF.
Bowker's specials are not reported upon.
Taking this report altogether, it seems to
us far from satisfactory, and long step
backward (where perhaps short one
would have been wise) from Secretary
Cuttings former position on the fertilizer
question.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
Railroad Injustice.

The Vermont railroads receive their
vast chartered privileges from the people
of Vermont, the great majority of whom
earn their living by tilling the soil and
are poor men. Compared with the mer-
camille class in the state the farmers are
an overwhelming majority. Yet as the
buyers and sellers handle produce and
merchandise in larger quantities than
farmers, the railroads are able, without
technical injustice, to discriminate i'm
mensely in favor of merchants and against
farmers. Nobody would complain at any
thing that could be considered fair and
reasonable difference between what is
called carload rates of freight, and the
rates for smaller quantities. But look at
this, brother farmers. We have been
interesting ourself to help our readers buy
their fertilizers at rates that will enable
them to make fair profit on the use of
them. We have induced several dealers
to give tolerably reasonable rates for fer
tilizer materials, though strongly opposed
in doing so by fertilizer manufacturers,
who to great extent are able to control
these goods. And now, when we can get
these materials at lower rates, we are met
by the railroads on this carload "pretext
with discrimination almost prohibitory.
A carload of fertilizers twenty-five thou
sand pounds) is brought from Boston to
northern Vermont for $42.5O, or at the
rate of $40 per ton but for less guam
tity from six to eleven dollars per ton is
charged to the buyer. The former price
is charged even when as much as eight
tons is shipped at-opce, and the latter by
the barrel or bag.
The only possible excuse that the
corporations can urge for this treatment
of the farmers of the state is that it must
be good rule, for it works both ways. If
one of us wants to send barrel of apples,
or barrel of potatoes, or bag of beans
to friend down-country," we are
charged from $1.25 to 1920 freight. II
we want to send calf twenty-five miles
in freight car, we are charged twice as
much as a man pays to travel the same
distance in parlor car. These are prac-
tical experiences of our own, and we have
no doubt that almost every reader can
duplicate them.
Corporations have no bodies to be
harmed and no souls to suffer, yet they
are sensitive to public opinion when it
rises in its strength and makes itself
heard and obeyed in legislative bodies.
Generally, legislatures are managed 81 by
the railroad "strikers " who are hired for
the purpose, but legislature fresh from
an aroused people is different thing.
They are finding it out in New York just
now, and next fall they ought to find it
out in Vermont.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

Thus it is seen that by DIR. Cuttings
method of figuring Bradley's XII super
phosphate is made to appear worth $lO.31
per ton more than when calculated by the
Connecticut standard, which is itself at
least twenty per cent too high, taking the
prices at which the same materials can be
bought in other forms.
DR.. Cutting gives in second column,
not the selling price of the fertilizers ex-
amined, but what he figures them to be
worth, taking their composition at the
lowest figures on their tables. Thus on
Bradley's XII label the figures are
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

"Last Spring my two children were vacci
mated. Soon after, they broke all out with run
ming sores, so dreadful thought should lose
them. Some one spoke to me about Hoods
Sarsaparilla as purifier of the blood. l
bought bottle and gave it to the children.
Soon as they began to take it, they began to
get better, till it cured them completely and
they have remained so ever since" MRS.
G. L. THOMPSON, West Warren, Mass.
Mr. j. N. Ketchum, of Barre, VT, says that
his boy had several very ugly scrofulous sores
on his leg Hoods Sarsaparilla cured him.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

The children need the aid Of a reliable
Spring medicine as much as adults. The
warm weather has upon them an equally
depressing effect, which slight vexations and
hard study at school aggravate, making them
nervous, cross, and fretful. Pimples or scrof-
ulous humors are apt to manifest themselves,
adding discomfort to depression. Hoods Sar-
saparlla has in thousands of cases proved
boon and blessing to suffering children, ex-
polling all trace of scrofula from the blood,
tOning up the body, and giving to the diges-
tive organs healthy and regular action.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
Strengthen the System

az regard Hoods Sarsaparilla as the most
reliable and best Spring medicine. Ihad tried
many others without good results, until gave
Hoods Sarsaparilla fair trial, when was
convinced it was superior TO all Others Every
Spring 1 take three bottles Of Hoods Sarsa-
parilla, and know nothing of that terrible
languor so prevalent at that season of the
year" MRS. j. NJ. CARTER, No. &c Madison
Street, Boston, Mass.
floods Sarsaparilla tones up my system,
purifies my blood, and seems to make me
over" w. j. BLAIR, Corning, N. Y.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
Ne,v advertisements.
Revive Regulate Restore

Everybody knows what L" that tired feeling"
Is. 1t afflicts the human family when the
weather grows warmer in the spring and early
summer, just as Nature refreshed from her
long winters rest, is preparing to display her
self in new beauty and power The contrast
between the changing season, and the condi-
ton of the body at this time, makes one feel
even more tired, respondent, and miserable
The refreshing, toning, and invigorating in
fluences which the system Graves, will be
found in Hoods Sarsaparilla, the reliable
Spring medicine and blood purifier.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

one quality it should be So" We do not
think, under the circumstances, that our
readers should form any uufavorable con-
illusions in regard to Che Bowker fertil-
izer in consequence of this divergence
of the Connecticut and Vermont analyses
olona
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
BOwker's Fertilizers.

We are in receipt of letter from the
president of the Bowker Fertilizer Com
pany, in which he states that the Hill and
Drill fertilizer is sent of the same quality
into both Connecticut and Vermont.
This refers to supposition of ours, in
tended by us as explanatory of the differ
ence between the analyses of these goods
by the Connecticut Experiment Station
and by Professor Sabin of Burlington.
Mr.. Bowker does not impugn either analy-
sis, but believes the difference shown to
have been due to some accidental varia-
ton in single package. He tells us that
he directed the firm in Connecticut, from
whom the samples analysed by the Con-
necticut Station were obtained, to send
sample to Professor Goessman, the Massa-
chusetts inspector of fertilizers, and he
forwards to us the professors autograph
report, as follows:
Statement of analysis of sample of
fertilizer received on 8 March, 1854, of
Coburn & Gale of Hartford, Connecticut !:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

(SignedD c. A. GoEssMAN.
Andover, Massachusetts,"
This analysis agrees closely with Pro-
lessor Sabin's, and so far confirms the
statement that the goods sold in both
states are of identical composition. Mr..
Bowker assures us that as we have but
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

The following is our calculation, reduc.
ing the percentages to pounds and using
the Connecticut valuation. According to
the Connecticut analysis all but small
portion of the nitrogen of Bradley's phos-
phate (one-third of one per cent? is from
organic matter, probably dried blood.
None is from ammonia salts.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

for that section; yet near by there were
nurseries where they could have got the
best sorts for one quarter the money.
Such instances are common, all over the
state.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30

"Hood's Sarsaparilla did me great deal Of
good. / had no particular disease, but was
tired out from overwork, and it toned me up"
MRS. G. r. SIMMONS, Cohoes, N. Y.
about year ago 1 commenced taking
Hoods Sarsaparilla. was all run down, had
no appetite my food would not digest, and
l was troubled with nervous debility. On
taking Hoods Sarsaparilla 1 commenced to
feel the effects of it at once. Have now
taken four bottles and can say feel like
new man." Jill. MCCALL, Rochester, N. Y.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
Purity the Blood

81 have used Hoods Sarsaparlla for some
time, and have derived benefit therefrom. 1t
gives me an appetite, and strengthens the
whole system. l can cheerfully recommend
It to all who need building up and strength
ening medicine" JOSIAH w. Cook, Presi-
dent Mutual Fire ms. Co., Cambridge, Mass.
81 have made it rule for years to use
a Spring medicine to cleanse my blood and
tone up my system. Last Spring Hoods Sar-
saparilla gave me agood appetite, and seemed
to build me over" L. NJ. HALE, Lima, Ohio.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1884-04-30
Sherburne & Dodge,
Central Vermont
Bicycle and Tricycle. Agency!

Those wishing to purchase Bicycles or Tricyces the
coming season will hnd 1t to their advantage to call on
or address the above parties. Agents for The Pope
Manufacturing Company, overman Wheel Company,
stoddard, Lowering Co. few secondhand machines
may be had early In the season. Address with stamp
sHERBURNE n DODGE.
Ass Barre, Vermont.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-01-25

Two small tart apples are toothsome
addition to the stutfing Of roast duck
or goose.
Steel knives which are not in general
use may be kept from rusting if they are
dipped in a strong solution of soda-onc
part water to four of soda; then wipe
dry, roll in flannel, and keep in dry
place.
Flowers may be kept very fresh over
night if they are excluded entirely from
the air. To do this. wet them thoroughly.
put in damp box, and cover with wet
raw cotton or wet newspaper, then place
in a cool spot.
Nothing pays better than to take great
pains in preparing dishes for the table.
In making mince pies see that there is
not "A particle of gristle or bone left in
the meat, and that no piece of apple is
larger than another.
Stale buns may be made to taste as
nicely rs when fcesh if they are dipped
for Il moment or so in cold water ard
then put in hot oven for five or ten
minutes. They will turn out as light and
crisp us when first baked.
Dry Lima beans, which are now 50
common an article of food, do not re-
quire more than three hours soaking; il
You let them lie in the water longer than
that, they seem to lose their favor and
are too mealy. They should cook slowly,
and if they should simmer for an houl
and a half, it would not be too long. No
vegetable is more improved by careful
cooking.
| If a goose that is to be roasted j,
allowed to lie in a deep pan with cold
water over it, in which tablespoonful
of soda is dissolved, all the oil can be
scraped out of the skin, and the coarse
flavor which is greatly objected to may
be entirely removed. The goose mus
first he perfectly cleaned by rinsing witt
clear cold water.
Chocolate blanc mango without corn
starch is made by dissolying half an
ounce of gelatine in as little cold waite
as possible. Let one quart Of milk boil
with four ounces of grated chocoat,
mixed with it, for five minutes; then ado
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-01-25

1t is fact which does not seem to be
either known or clearly understood by
many of our breeders and farmers that
regularity, as to the time and quantity,
In feeding has much 20 do in determining
the question of profit and loss, and that
irregularty as to the time of feeding and
the number Of daily feeds have more to
do with producing loss than variation
in the quantity of the food. Take pen
Of pigs, for distance, and feed them for
week or two at, say, A. NJ. and GP. NJ,
with a noon feed at II NJ, and then
feed irregularly one day three times,
another day twice, occasionally only
once and at irregular hours, and see how
soon the pigs will show the neglect.
even though the same amount of food
be given each day that was formerly
supplied. Animals which are fed at
regular intervals, and in liberal quantity,
will rest content between feeding times,
but will be on hand and expectant al
the feeding hour. If not fed regularly,
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1884-01-25
The True Economy of Manure.

The true economy of manure demands
that the farmer adapt manure to the
crops. He may be acquainted with the
composition of crop, and the compost
ton as we'll of the soil on which it is to
be grown, and yet be ignorant of the
true economy of manure. He must also
be acquainted with the special character
of the crop. In word, it is not only
the materials required to form Il crop, but
the power of the crop to assimilate these
materials, which should influence the
farmer in the application of fertilizers.
Farmers are constantly advised to
manure their land with all the constitu-
ents required by the crop--a proceeding
quite unnecessary in most cases.
When land is in fertile condition the
total amount of plant food available for
crops is very considerable, and luXuriant
growth may be obtained by supplement-
ing the stores of the soil with the few
special elements of food which the crop
to be grown has most difficulty in OBJ
tanning. For instance, in n ma iority of
cases a dressing of nitrate of sodium and
superphosphate will insure a full crop of
wheat, barley or oats, and in many cases
nitrate of sodium alone will prove very
effective. These cereal crops generally
find the supply of nitrates in the soil
insufficient for their perfect growth, and
the supply of phosphates is usually more
or less inadequate, but in most instances
| they are able to obtain sufficient amount
of potash and other essential elements of
food. Thus by supplying one or two
constituents of the crops the farmer may
obtain a tine yield On the same princi-
| pie nitrate of sodium employed alone will,
| in most cases, produce Il large crop of
mangels; superphosphate alone, large
crop of turnirs, while potassium salts
alone may prove effective with pasture
and clovers.
Long continued experiments at Roth
amstcd, England, make it appear that
this special manuring for each crop is no
strain on the capabilities of the soil if a
rotation of crops be followed. If super
phosphate is applied for the turnips, pot
ash for the seeds and nitrogenous ma
nure for the cereal crops the more impOr-
tant elements of plant food contained in
the soil will not be diminished at the end
of the rotation.
In this country progressive farmers
! pracllsc speclal llanuIlnS us supplement
to the general manuring by farm-yard
manure. When farms are thus enriched
scientists suggest and experiment appears
to advise that farm yard manure be ap
piled to those crops which stand most il
need of general manuring. and the artiii
rial fertilizers to other crops demanding
only one or two elements not plentiful il
The soil.-Neio York WOyM