Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-25
Flowing In India.
"A very noteworthy efftor. IN the d,rec-

Indian peasantry is now being made,
says q London paper. 1t differs from all
the suggestions of quacks and ill-in-
formed. philanthropists, inasmuch as it
is thoroughly practical, and goes deep.
both literally and figuratively, to the
root of the evils of the ryot's life. 1t is,
in fact, the Introduction of a light iron
pillow. India, which ought to be one of
the wealthiest countries of the world, is
bowed down by the burden of q bank
rupt peasantry. No political mal-ad.
ministration is at the bottom of this
bankruptcy. 1t is not traceable to any
of the ordinary sources alleged for such
Observation-Disclosures. absentee land
lords, legislative o%bliquities, or race
prejudice. 1t is simply the hereditary
and natural condition of the Indian
ryot. For many generations his ances-
tors had starved off the same patch of
land, so why should not he, their de-
%scendant, do just as they did, and
starve too? The question sounds absurd
enough when written down in English;
but the native of India sees no absurd
ity in it. When the Vienna Exhibition
was opened the Madras Government
sent a representative, and among the
other notes which the official made of
exhibits likely to be useful in India was
q light iron pillow sold by q Swedish firm
at the low price of sixteen shilings.
Some OF these were introduced into the
presidency, and ryots coaxed into using
them. The result is that supplies are
now regularly imported every year, and
the Madras peasant has taken the first
practical step toward class improves
ment by giving the soil a fair chance of
doing its best.
The usual 'plow" employed by the
Indian ryot is a wooden implement Of
pathetic simplicity. 1t is ingeniously
constructed so as to disturb the soil
through which it moves as little us pos
sible, and give the plowman as much
unnecessary work as possible. The
lightness OF the m%isshapen and primi-
tive instrument is no doubt an advan.
tage when the cultivator wishes to carry
his plow home on his shoulder; but for
the purpose in which it is employed,
the turning up of the subsoil, the frivo-
lous, ricketty thing is as inappropriate
as could we'll be imagined. The ryot,
however, is not so sure OF this, and his
arguments are characteristic of him.
He says that this identical pillow, or an
other from which it was copied, sutficed
his forefathers, and is good enough for
all his %neighbors. Why, then, should
he lie %discontentedp Nor must it be
forgotten that the Hindoo's protests in
favor Of routine are occasionally sup
ported by the well meant but injudi-
cious efforts of philanthropists to
"ameliorate their condition." As an
instance may be cited the case in the
north of India, where the agricultural
department urged upon public attention
the enormous advantages to be antici-
pated from deep blowing. 4
A magnificent pillow of the very largest
size and very latest pattern was sent on
trial, and the usual convention of agri-
culturalists assembled by order. An
important official explained the benefits
of deep blowing, and then the EXPERT
+ ment commenced. A stalwart pair Of
government bullocks had been specially
provided, and these were now urged to-
proceed by much twisting of tails and
personal calumny. The bullocks,
!, however, having had their tails nearly
!, twisted Oft many times before, and
having heard all that could possibly
be invented in abuse Of their relatives,
both living and deceased, on many
previous occasions, were as Indifferent
to physical violence as to reflections
upon the moral character of their
parents. So another pair were added,
and by and by another; then a mule
was impressed into the service, and so
on, until a considerable string of ami
mails was attached to the implement.
Eventually, alter a scene of the utmost
excitement and vociferation, and clouds
of dust and a tempest of wells, the
patent plough began to move. Re-
doubled clamor and castigation greeted
this achievement, and, as the astonished
and terrified team plunged forward all
together, the huge instrument slipped
from the control of the ploughmen,
who were hanging on to the handles,
and the glittering share gave a leap
and pierced it's way at a sharp angle
some four feet deep into the earth.
The sudden disappearance OF the huge
blade under ground was applauded by
the intelligent natives as a triumph,
and very great, therefore, was their
bewilderment when they saw all the
animals being solemnly yoked to the
other end of the plough-in order to
get it out of the ground again, At this
point a farmer who had arrived late
came upon the scene. He had not
heard the preliminary explanations
about the advantages Of deep plough
ing, and was trying to draw his own
conclusions as to the meaning of the
spectacle before him-three pairs of
bullocks and a mule yoked to the
wrong end of a plough-when an
official accosted him with, "Well Ram
Lal, and what do you think of ftp"
The man bowed low. "~Providence,"
said he, ''knows everything. But what
should a slave like me understand of
such matters? Yet it may be that these
are-tircworks!''-Boston Herald.
The Irrepressible Boy.