Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1884-12-02
FREEZING THROUGH QUICK
SAND.

FREEZING THROUGH QUICK
SAND.
The fse, tha, of,ea the simplest mean.
are iho>s ls,, though, q. has been re-
esnily s,fisingly illustrated Ia the case
q an iuveniion whose value has been
promptly rroosniIel abroad. ~hsre il or
ginsisd. By mining and civil engineers.
The simplicity q The principles in
,olvsd. and the kno-n difhcul;es Of the
probl.ms ossrcome. rendsr sn ssPlsns-
tioa q iis eharsCtsr and PsrPOss % easy
natter.
The sad havoc f,od. create on the su'-
face all give ,ho-e -ho are not fully ae-
quain,sd -iih underground o. submarine
-ofk aa idsa of The dfhculiie. -hich te-
-es shs uain.r or the railroad sngineer
-hsn b. strike. water. besring strata o.
qackard. Ssch ~oik /. considered
smoos engineers . b. smons ,h- oo-,l'-
e.i and no.i dsngeross -hieh Il : their
daiy 20 undertake.
Fs- engineers outside q the prOie'-
.ion r~sllss When they see the bold .Psn'
n tF.igv boz great we're the 0bsisehs
sad bo~ enormous the expense u plse
,ns The foundations ca tn piefs far b
% TIE uvsr bed on the roSk under he
sand Or ,ili.
The hs~ method prepared and r,Fs-
,dly carried osi successfully abroad j. 10
convert ths -s,er-beanns strata. a. tie
poiui whsrr TIE sub-siruciure . 70 ts
srsen througb. iaio a soid mass q ice
By artificial means. - that shafts and
tunnel. nsy b. driven into is a. ,hoash
Il ~sre a solA sal. imPervioas TO VA
ter.
Thi. -,e,hod for ~hich Mr. p. II.
Poeisch q A.chsfslsbell. .0srmany has OBJ
,.insd pA,,n, :. bssed uPon -sll-knO~n
prineiplo. There are sols'ions -hcse
ire,rins Poiai i much belO- that q va
'sr; thus Il take, a temperature 20 ces.
Celsius bio. rero 20 eoaver, . solatHn
o. cloride % nsgassian into . so.id
mass. Il !. evident. therefore. that .
tabe fled ~i'h such . .olu'ioa brought
DIVA 70 = tsmpsr.tsrs q Is dsg Celsius
belo~ zero Il held Ia q vessel hllei 9th
-a,sr. the latter mus, fr-srs srpand the
tabe. This !. the fundamental Pfiae.-
pa q the Poetseh system.
Mr. Po.t.eh converts the quieksand or
the saisr. beaiias strata into solid mass
by frcins chilled shloride q mssns.i-
an solution through a system Of I-ineh
4 ineh pipes dnven into the groand to
b. ~oiksd through The lower sand or
..lt /. o1nvefted into . mass I. hard s
ssnas,ons Or huns-,ons through -hieh no
-ster can penetrate into the workings
~tieh are protected by sOlid ~all. Of ice.
Ths nsmbsr. P--itiOn and eonnse,ioa Of
TIE pipes wi,h Oos another and "iih the
Ice machine. add the forcins Of the so
lstioa tarough them BY means Of q force
pump are matter. Of technical detail.
S.G,e !, 70 state that The ehilliag sola-
ton j. returned 10 and from the ice ma
chine and !. krp, Ia constant circulation.
Thu. eoa. u ice form sroand the pipes.
crossing gradually thicker until the bod
is. q es sroand ali iinins pipes eoaoe'
9Th each other and form around that
part of The groand -hieh is 10 Be eseas-
.,sd. . solid vail of ios. Then. of ooarse,
there /. no obstacle to PrOeeedinf 20 -o's
in the orliasry -.y. because the entire
water pressure i cut OF The eircals-
,ioa of the .olstioa through the pipes 10
ksy, uP until tbs shaft Is das. the 'aa-
u-l dnvrn Or TIE foanda'iOa completed.
.sd thea ~hsn the saad ths-s. the pipes
may Be easily ~i,hdrawn. Thus work
iag in qaics.and has lost i'' tsrrOr'; no
expensive pumping plan, is Necessary
.nd the COS, .nd The time required may
be accurately Determined bsfo'ehand-a
matter that doe. away With the uneer-
,.intiss Of pvssns ms'hoi'. which too
often l-.d 20 sb.ndoamea, after fright
ful 10. Of tins snd moaey.
The Poe,sch method -s frs, applied
., the Archibald cOllisry. near sehas'd-
Hnser. Prussia. where . 2o-foo, layer oi
.asicksAnd .'raek 81 the depth OF lou
fee, h.a b.sa a al other attsmPs. Me-.
Poe,.ch converted the shsf, Which "a'
20 Zee, square. into . solid mas Of zee IN
IS day. -ith the aid Of 2s pipes.
IA. second success on . larger scale
%. to pat through shaft for D'. ws''
ser s..men.. the veil ksO-n electrician
Of Berlin. st the Centrum Collery. h'e-
aiss. .wus,erh.a.en. For years a''emP"
bad been made to p-ns,rs's the quick
.nd 40 Zee, thick in thu, locality. In
81 DAYS. Mr.. POe,eh. With Is ireer'as
Vip-.. had completed s-fco' vail Of zee
.urrOuudins the i5-fOOs shsfs. and the
ouiel..nd is nO~ being ssesvs'ed With
- . .s..l 49,. N vork