Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-12-14
FARM AND STOCK NOTES.

luS u6dlbus
Tree planters should learn to know that
well-grown yearling is usually the best
tree to plant. Such trees have not been
trained into any form and they are more !
susceptible TO the operations of the /
planter.
The JerSey Bulletin states that the fla |
Yor of beets, turnips and cabbage can be /
overcome by dissOlving half a teaspoon
full of saltpetre in teacup OF water and
pouring it into the churn with the cream
at churning time.
The common American eve is usually |
mixture of the long and short wool |
breeds, and among such sheep 1t is quite |
possible to pick out the nucleus of flock |
well-woOled, rOOmy and of good size, and |
by crossing these for three generations |
with thoroughbred sires the result would !
be flock of sufficiently fixed type for all |
useful purposes.
In setting out straw berry beds begin |
ners should be careful to procure the va
rietIes that are both pistillate and stami- |
nate. Some varieties, such as the Crescent |
and Manchester, must be grown with
occasional rows of Wilson, in order to
have them fruit, but there are varieties
now introduced which do nOtrequire such
crOss-fertilization.
Never allow calves to get stunted. AL
ways keep them growing. This is the
whole secret of raising calves. One of the
best farmers in New England writes that
last spring calves are not as large and
thrifty as fall calves, although fed grain
all winter. They didn't do well the first
three months of their lives, which explains
their lack Of thrift since.
The common white flat turnip, or the
purple top strOp leaf variety, are the kinds
mostly in demand by city consumers. Yet
they are not so rich as the yellow varie-
ties, or even as the rutabagas. Toward
mid-winter and later the early white tur-
nips become stringy and of little value,
while the yellow turnips and rutabagas
are better after midwinter than they are
when first gathered.
Border Carnations may be grown in any
garden in town or country without any
further preparation of the soil than dig
ging it well up and giving it q good dress
ing of stable manure. All soils are not,
however, equally well adapted for carna-
tions. If they incline to be of a clayey
character so much the better. Light,
sandy soils with a graYelly foundation
are the least suited for carnation culture.
An experienced hOrticulturist says that
fresh cider should be boiled ard SKINNED
completely before being bunged up. In
the spring, il vinegar is desired. place it
in warm, sunny room, and add six
pounds of dilute brown sugar to the bar
rel, leaving the barrel open for three or
four weeks, according to the acidity Of the
cider. The exposure to the air admits
oxygen and changes the alcohol into acct
ic acid or vinegar.
The first and most essential requisite
for tree to be valuable is productive
ness; second, size and appearance of
fruit; third, time Of ripening; very early
and very late fruit bringing the highest
/ price; fourth, quality of fruit. Fine Look
| ing fruit will command a fair price, even
| in a glutted market, regardless of its
quality, when small or uuattractive stock,
| although of the finest flavor, will go beg
| ging for market or rot.
Almost any hOed crop may be grown in
the vineyard for one or two years if an
| equivalent amount of fertilization be given
but after this time grape vines only. Many
and various are the implements that have
| been tried for cultivation and discarded
The plow is here inadmissible. CultiYa-
ton should be shallow, perhaps two inches
is ample, and this should be done in way
that will not disturb the larger roots, the
great body of which lie from three to six
| inches deep.
The desire to live in the cities is an all
pervading one, and it is sad to see it in
| dulged in even by young girls. AS shop
| girls and factory hands their lot is hard
| one, the hours are long, the rules Oppres-
! siVe, they usually work in an Overheated
1 and impure atmosphere, and are, owing
to extreme competition, paid but a mere
pittance. In the great and beautiful
| country are open doors, pure air laden
| with the perfume of flowers and echOing
| the songs of birds. Girls in the country
are not chained down 70 a monotony of
| labor: its variety is rest to weary bones.
| They are fully as well paid pecuniarilv,
besides which they gain in physical and
moral health. City life is demoralizing
and the temptations are many.
To render poultry raising very profita-
| BILE the owner of the fowls should produce
| most of the food they consume. He should
keep them as the stOck-raiser does cattle,
sheep and pigs, chiefly for the purpose of
| converting grain and other products of
the soil into articles that can be sent to
market at small cost. Comparatively few
farmers in this country have ever expert
mented to ascertain whether it was more
profitable to feed grain to fowls than to
animals. The farmers of France have
become convinced that grain can be fed
to fowls to greater profit than the animals
intended for the production OF meat.
American farmers generally lock upon
poultry raising as very small business.
No business that is beneficial to the COM
munity and is at the same time remune-
rative should be despised.
A. W. Harrison gave an account to the
Pennsylvania Horticultural Association
Of the mode Of blanching celery with
charcoal, which he had found better than
dry earth, sand, sawdust, tGnbar5 or
leaves. 1t drains perfectly; no insect or
slug will harbor in it; it retains solar
warmth without Overheating, absorbs en-
riching gases, does not rust the stalks, is
easily washed off and may be used many
times over. The celery being planted on
level ground, wide boards are set on edge
and held by upright stakes so as to form
box around the plants, and the whole
space in the box and around the plants
filled in with coarsely pulverized char
coal. Cirders from the smoke stacks of
wood burning locomotives are Just the
thing. The boards will keep longer if
coated with gas tar or soaked with crude
petroleum. If not high enough to reach
the tops of the plants, additional ones
may be added.
In answer to an inquiry as to the size
of a hen-hOuse for 800 fowls, the Poultry
Heeper says: 'sWhen fowls are to be kept
in large numbers they should be divided
into small flOcks. The size depends upon
the climate and conditions incident to the
object in view. We have known a large
room 20 by 90, when kept scrupulOusly
clean, to accommodate several hundred,
but when too many are kept together the
hens do not lay ana the vice OF feather |
pulling becomes common. We would |
suggest that poultry house 100 feet long
and 10 feet WIDE be built, having doors at
each end. The rear should be s feet and
the front feet, with passage way leading
down the tallest part. 1t may have the |
rear or lower part facing the south, with |
apartments S feet wide. The passage !
way being 81 feet wide would make each !
apartment by II and a window green |
house oh l6 nv 3'GhOnI6 no on zach ana~f-
ment, and the roof is good place for it. |
h,c h.,s.