The Red Cloud chief., 1884-11-07


There Il no coil thss n uodse culsivp-
lion. unless h be the dekas Al rivers.
that are annually ferfilixef BY over.
flows which leave behind them fresh
deposits of fer:ilixing suhssances-and
those iowiands are but too frequently
unbealfhy-we say there 10 no sosi an
der cultivation. with this exreysion.
that does 10; require 10 be kept in good
condition by the application OF manure
Every crop removed from q field ex-
hans,s IL ii \ portion II it, constituents.
It's plant food" as the German. call
IL. and this loSs must be made cool or
the fertility 81 the -oil can not D. keep.
up. OF cour.e p.osing and thorough
cultivation will do much toward keep
ing up the fertility Of n -Dii. bat none
Of these processes can absolutely re-
store To the land the cons. taen,s
tat the crops take from H.
These must BE- returned in the
shape OF domestic or commercial
manures. First. thorough lining
lies ST the base Of good farming ia
many sections Lime is not \ manurc
of itself. but Is acton in the soil con-
vcrts the organic and inorganic ele-
ffDLN III WV bp Y A1At
soluble food for future crops. Assum-
in. then. that lime has been already
applied. il the soil ha, been previously
exhausted by hard cropping. it, full
and complete effects will not b. ey.-
dent unless IL has vegetable matter 70
act upon in add ton IL the mineral
constituents contained in the soil itself.
{ Where there Is some life remaining in
The soil. that i to say sorne elements
OF fertility. lime and a crop Of clover
turned under will be Of immense adj
vantage in the process OF regeneration
| believe. with our hot and dry sum-
mers. in keeping the fields covered as
frequently a. possible with green crops
IL i our continuous hay crops which
have so exhausted many Northern and
Eastern farms. and the damages thus
created to the soils Eau only be repaired
by frequent applications of manure.
Now. manure is a term of much wide:
significance than people generally m
aoine. IL il not restricted To the con
tents of the barnyard and the hog pen.
the poultry house and The cattle she'd.
but embraces all sort Of animal refuse
and every species Of rough vegetable
matter. from a dead horse to dead
leaves. In fine, bones, wood. ashes.
marsh muck, turf from roadsides. the
waste of slaughter houses and provision
packing Adjustments. wool. hair.
horns fish and those valuable COM
pounds that are offered fer sale under
the general and ~well-known name Of
fertilizers. all these are manures-
Domestic manurrs- however. which
can be compOsted on every farm. merit
attention. as their chief cost Is the labor
employed. One compost heap should
be formed within easy distance If the
house. vet sufficiently remote from it
not - become offensive when iermenta-
ton sets in. The foundation of this
heap should be turf, woods mold and
leaves; over this should be spread q
LAYER of wood ashes and the sOapsudS
which would otherwise be poured Oft
from the Monda VS. wash-tubs and per-
mitted To run to waste. When h first
lav,r is we'll saturated and furnished
with a sufficient quantity Of wood ashes.
4 second LAYER Of refuse vegetable mat
ter should be supplied and the wood
ashes and soapsuds again turned on it.
the same process being continued layer
by layer throughout the winter. When
the heap is thawed in the spring and
fermentation is well advanced. the
whole should he turned Over and incOr-
porated. and the new heap thus formed
may be suffered to remain until the
time arrives for carting it to the field
american CudiUator.