Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1884-07-18

Sound remained open the entire
winter. rendering crossing impraetiesble-
same failed, despite daily hunting. from early
February. Before the sun returned only 500
pounds OF meat were obtained This wear
minute shrimps, sea weed, sassafras, rock
Ichens and sealskin were resorted to for food
Win VIII me results as shown by the number of
survivors. The last regular food was issued
May "a. There only being $50 pounds Of meat
LETT by darlington it compelled me to send
our men to obtain IA pounds Of English meat
at sas.Sella.
FIL1s.HN's TERRIBLE DEATH.
During the trim Ellison froze solid both
hands and feet and lost ZEN an, surviving;
however. through our terrl1e winter ana
spring until July 3. The survivors eve their
lives to the indOmitable energy OF y apt.
Sehley and Lieut.. Emery, who. preceded D.,
three ard accompanied by five whalers. forced
tneir vessels from Upernayik, through Mel
vile Bay. into north water at Cape York.
W TN the foremost Whaler they gained a ward
whenever possible and always heldit. Smiths
SOUND was crossed and the party rescued
during one of the most violent gales
ever known. The boats We're handled only at
imminent risk OF sWampiDg. -Four of us were
tnen unable 10 walk and could not have sur
ViVed exceeding twenty-fOur hours. Every
care and attention was given US. l have
saved and bring back copies Of the meteO-
fologlcal, tidal, astronomical, magnetic, pen
dulum and other observations, and also the
pendulum, Yale and standard thermometers.
forty-elght Photographic negatives, collec-
lions Tons o. plants and Photographic proofs,
essarily abandoned. The Thetis remains here
hye days probably.
lSignedJ GREELY, Commanding.
THE FARTHEsT NORTH.
Following is a second dispatch received
from Lieut.. Greely by Gen. HaZen to-day:
For the first time in three cent uries. Eng
land yields the honor of the farth est north.
Lieut.. Lockwood and Sergeant Brainard on
aaH Ts,al- Ill
So degrees and q minutes and longitude "A
degrees and minutes. They saw from a 700
feet elevation no land north or northwest, but
70 the northeast of Greenland Cape Robert
Lincoln. in latitude SO degrees and S5
minutes and longitude 50 minutes.
Lieut.. Lockwood was turned back in
1883 by open water on the North Greenland
shore. the party barely escaping drifting into
the Polar ocean. DR.. Pavy, in 1882 following
Inc Markham route, was adrift one day in the
Polar ocean north of Cape Joseph Henry and
escaped to land, abandoning nearly every
thlng. In 1882 l made spring and.ater a
summer trip into the interior of Grinnell land,
discovering Lake HaZen. some 60 by 10 miles
IN extent. which also fed by the ice Cape of
North Grinnell land drains. Ruggles river
and Wriprecht Fjord into COnybeare Bay and
Archer FjOrd.
GRINNELL LANDS CONTOUR.
From the summit of Mount Arthur. 500 feet
high, the contour of the land west of the Con-
ger mountains, convinced me that Grinnell
Land tends directly south from Lieut.. Aid
rleh's turthest point made in 1875. In 1888
Lieut.. Lockwood and Sergt. Brainard sue
ceeded in crossing Grinnell Land, and 90 miles
from BeatOu Bay, the head of Archer's ford
struck the head of ford from the western
sea temporarily named by Lieut.. Lockwood
Greely ford. From the centre of the ford,
IN latitude so degrees and 80 minutes
and longitude rs degrees and 30 minutes
Lieut.. Lockwood saw the northern shore
termination, some twenty miles west. and the
southern shore, extending some fifty miles,
with Cape Lockwood seven miles distant, ap-
parently separate land from GrinnelPs Land.
[ have named the new land Arthur Land.
Lieut.. ] lockwood followed, going and return
i5ng' the ice camp averaging about
l5O feet perpendicular face. 1t
follows that GrinnelI Lands in
terror is ice-capped, with belt of country
some sixty miles wide between the northern
and southeast ice cap. In March. 1884, Ser
geant Long, while hunting. looked from the
northwest side Of Mount Carey to Hayes'
Sound, seeing on the northern coast three
capes westward of the farthest seen by Capt.
Mares in 1876.
WESTWARD RUN OF THE SOUND.
The sound extends some twenty miles fur
ther west than that shown by the English
chart, but Is possibly shut in by land, which
showed up across the western end.
Two years station duties, observations, all
the explorations and the retreat to Cape Sa-
bine were accomp ished without loss of life,
disease, serious accident, or even severe frost
bites. No scurvy was experienced at COnger,
ter.
GEORGE KENNAN's CRITICISM.
George Kennan, of this city, who has
taken an active interest in the recent at
tempts to relieve Lieut.. Greely's party,
and who went before the Arctic Relief
Board last spring to urge the offering of
such a reward as would secure the CO.
operation of whalers in a search, was
asked by an Associated Press reporter
tonight what he thought of the news re-
ceived from st. John. He replied:
sit is a story of remarkable and heroic ac-
chievement in a field clOuded by disaster due
to incompetence in Washington.
''lf Lieut.. Greely and bis party had all re-
turned IN safety to the United States, as they
might have done had they been properly sup
ported, their Arctic record in point of skill
full management and success, would have
been unparalleled. No other Arctic expedi-
tlOn has ever spent two consecutive winters
and part of a third in such high latitude aud
achieved such results without casualties or a
case of serious sickness.
HOW THE TRIUMPH WAS MARRIED.
'If Lieut.. Greely had found at the mouth of
Smiths Sound the shelter and food which he
had right to expect there, he would proba-
bly, have brought his entire party back 10 the
United states in perfect health after three
winters in the highest northern lattudes that
have ever been reached and after series of
sledging campaigns, which for boldness and
skillful execution have rarely if ever been
surpassed.
"Could the disaster which befell his party
have been averted with the know ledge avail
able at the time the relief expeditions were
fitted out?"
Enthusiastically, and that is the pity
Of it; It doubles the grief which
catastrophe. To think that two ships on sue
cessive years, and probably third, were in q
position to land stores which would have
saved the lives of those eighteen dead men.
Lieut.. Beebe, in 1882, anchored in Payer
harbor just north of Cape Sabine with a ship
full of stores.
WHERE PROVISIONS SHOULD HAVE BEEN
LANDED.
"Leut. Darlington on the next summer an
chOred in the same place with shipful of
stOres, and few days later the Yantic, with
four months provisions on board, was only
thirty miles away. Any one of these three
ships might have landed stores enough ex-
actly where Lieut.. Greely afterward made
his winter camp to have carried that brave
party through, but their commanding officers
were not ordered to do so, and they did not
think of it."
"Were Lieut.. Greely's movements those
that it was anticipated he would maker"
They were precisely such as l antici-
pated. 1t was thought at the Signal Office
that he would remain at his station till
Sept. l, but, as l pointed out in a letter
to the New York Herald on Sept. o.
1885, if he remained till September he
couldn't get away that year on account of the
imprachcability of sledging operations ong
that coast in the fall. thought that he would
abandon the station in July or August. 1888,
and cone down to the mouth of Smiths Sound
in boats, as he was in fact doing at the very
time my letter was written.
BITTER DIsAPPUINTMENT.
cit was terrible shock and disappointment
to him when he failed to find the
shelter and food which he expected.
but the party seems to have
faced the terrors of an Arctic winter without
shelter, fire or adequate food in the most
heroic way, and to have held out to the last
with unflmching courage and tenacity. If a
few more hundred rations could have been
would have carried the whole party through.
All but one of the dead perished last spring
after April A.
''If Lieut.. Darlington had landed stores on
his way north at LittletOn Island in accord
ance with what were known as his supple
mentarY Instructions would such stores have |
been of any use to Lieut.. Greely?"
''As it turned out not the slightest. There
were a few hundred rations on LittletOn
Island, but Lieut.. Greely could not get across
the tossing ice of Smiths Sound to avail him.
self of them. The place to land stores as re- /
peatedly pointed out by DIR. Hoadley and
others, and as shown by the example of the
Mares expedition, was the western coast of
the sound coast that Lieut.. Greely must come
down, not the opposite coast which he might
never reach.
TO WHAT THE SURVIVORS OWE THEIR
LIVES.
SIT is to the caches made by the British ex-
peditiOn of 1875 on the western coast that the.
few survivors Of Lieut.. Greely's party mainly
"How important are the discoveries made
by Lieut.. Greelyg"
''F'rom the point OF view of an Arctic
geographer they are of first class importance,