Morning journal and courier., 1884-02-11

up by pumps. The uncIeanliness, discomfort and evil of all sorts growing out of this state of things are already great and are constantly increasing. The Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor suggests remedy by placing tanks on the roofs to be filled by small gas engines in the cellar, or by placing tanks In the cellars to be filled from the ser- vice-pipes at night. From these tanks water may be pumped up in the day time. This is @ good scheme, but it will be hard to make the owners of the houses see it's value.
 The new Italian penal code altogether abolishes capital punishment. From 1865 to 1874, when the application of the death sen tsnce in fact ceased, the following number of capital sentences were pronounced: In 1866, S1 persons were cond emned to death, but none were executed. In 1867, persons were executed out of 75 condemned; 1868, 72 condemned and only executed; 1869, no fewer than III sentences of death were pas sed, but only persons were executed; 1870, 102 condemned, 1 executed; 1871, 122 con demned, ? executed; 1872. Al condemned, 2 executed; 1873, 73 condemned, executed; 1874, ST condemned, 8 executed. During the following years the capital sentences were not less in number, but no one was executed.
 The exhibition of himself made by MT Eaton when the resolution concerning Wen creditable to him or to the State which he represents He has made an explanation of his action as follows: I thought the House ought not to pass such resolution as that without taking time to consider it. Wendell Phillips has been living outside of all gov ernment for twenty years. During that time he has been asserting that tho constitution of these United States, under which live and which have sworn to support, was league with hell. He was 8 sscessionist-he thought the southern States ought to be permitted to go. Suppose that some one offered a resolu tion of respect on the death of Robert E.. Lee, whom you and I know to have bsen 8 man of absolutely pure life, although we do not agree with his sentiments: I could never vote for it. Wendell Phillips was not 8 statesman, and from my point of view he was not great man, nor did he do any great good in the world. He was silver-tongued orator and a fine lecturer, but not a states man. He was free lance" and sharp one, but he never did anything to entitle him to bs so honored by the American Congress. It isn't on account of party. I will vote for such resolution respecting the death of Matt Carpenter, or any other great Republi- can, but not for Wendell Phillips.
 In Scandinavia, for February, Mr. N. c. Frederiksen sets forth the features of the banking system of Sweden, of which little is known in this country. MT. Frederiksen thinks the system owes it's success to the freedom of note issues, which has brought about general use of the banks and their numerous branches by the people. The money circulation entirely in notes, gold being found only in banks, and the business is in the hands of private bankers, who pay low rate of interest on deposits and give farmers and business men running credit against good security by bondsmen and other wise and furnish drafts of ordinary amounts to the people free of charge, the drafts being used in business in Denmark, Norway and at Hamburg and Lubec in Germany, as well as in Sweden The circulation is increased or withdrawn according to the demands of busi- ness, and these banks do business of about three times their capital, and their gold re- serve is about one-sixth of their circulation. The notes are not legal tender, but no one hesitates to take them. The guarantee of the note issue is deposit with the government of between sixty or seventy five per cent. of the capital, half consisting in interest bearing bonds and the remainder in mortgages on country property within ene-half the as- sessed value, and on city property within one half of either the assessed or insured value The emission of notes must not exceed this fund, together with the surplus of the banks, if deposited in the same kind of securities, and furthermore one half the obligations to the bank; the last, however, not exceeding one-h half the capital stock and only on con- dltion that there is cash reserve of gold coin of ten per cent. of the capital" Notes may be issued for all exceeding reserve of gold. If larger issues are made, the banks have to pay fine of thousand crowns for each day the notes are issued over ten days. This system, Mir. Frsderiksen states, has proven stable and popular and uniformity and unity are obtained without monopoly.