The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1884-12-31

bydrates include the woody fiber, starch.
sugar and other substances. The fats are
the oils, which occur in small quantities in
some plants, while the ash, or mineral
matter, supplies the bones and tissues.
In order to obtain the best results at
the cheapest cost, foods should be fed that
contain portion OF the elements best
adapted for the purposes required, the food
for mich COWS beingunlike, in composition,
that for the steer, or working horse. for the
reason that the purposes to which her food
is 10 be devoted is different from the objects
desired when feeding other stock. Each
particular gram or forage plant has special
value OF its own, and furnishes q certain
proportion of protein, carb IN, ETC., that
may be estimated, carefully conducted ex-
periments having untolded the facts for the
use OF farmers. Flint corn, for instance,
contains 10.7 per cent. of protein, and OF
this 79sper cent, is digested. Consequently,
il an OK is fed 100 pounds OF flint corn, il
receives 10.7 per cent. OF protein, OF which
70 per cent, or 40 pounds is digested. The
same rule applies to sill other kinds of food
used, and, while il is an impossibility toreg-
ulate exactly the quantity of food necessary
for feeding according to standard yetE the
feeding is done with 9 knowledge OF the
character OF the food used the result can be
obtained with greater certainty than when
no rule governs the matter. 1t is well
known that the weight OF the animal, its
appetite, health, power OF digestion, age and
sex are all 20 DO considered, yet, with the
light OF intelligence to regulate tho manage
ment, the farmer viii be enabled to observe
for himself and improve his opportunities
whenever possible
1t is i'm ortant, then, that all who are In
terested in stock raising should acquire a
knowledge OF the pToportionate amount OF
the different elements in all foods. A single
article here viii give but little information
but il farmers can be induced 70 study the
character OF foods and conduct experiments
the increase in value of stock wouldbe much
greater, while the cost Of production would
be correspondingly lessened, as we'll as saw
ing a large quantity OF that which is snnu-
allv wasted. as the breeds have been elsssi-
fed so have the fOods, and he who under
takes improvement OF stock will find that q
thorough knowledge of the breeds and their
characteristics demands in connection q
knowledge of proper management, which
means the realization OF the greatest posi-
bic quantity from the least cost.
Keeping Vegetables From Freezing.
Cellars that are properly protected from
frost by tight undermining, and, If needed,
banks OF leaves or evergreen boughs. says
the New England Farmer, rarely freeze
during the coolest weather IN winter, bat
sometimes an unusual cold snap, or lon e
continued period of cold. may sndanger the
potatoes ana Otner stores even IN pretty
tight cellars, especially If plenty of fires are
not Kept burning in the rooms above. We
have placed an old, cheap aOod stove in s
cellar in which the chimney reaches tbs
| ground so that the pipe can enter it, aud by
| burning few baskets OF wood saved the
| good things stored. This is often imprec-
| ticable; besides, much of the heat from
! all stoves goes up the chimney
and is practically lost. A cheap and
| very effective way TO raise the temper
stnTe in q cellar that is dangerously
near the freezing point is TO set one or more
common keroseDs lamps on the cellar bot
! tom during the daytime wheD not wanted
| for lighting the rooms above. We have all
| noticed how much warmer 8 living room i:
in the evening when the lamps are burning
\ than in the daytime with the same amount
| OF fire in the stoves or furnaces. All the
| heat from a burning lamp is retained in toe
| apartment. twenty-five cents worth Of
| kerosene oil Will throw out q surprisin;
amount OF heat, and IN many cases il would
be the cheapest means of keeping a celia
| from freezing during the passage Of an exits
! cold wave. Cold waves seldom last NOR,
than two or three days, and they are Otter
! followed by south winds and q storm; bu
while they last they may spoil winter
store Of vegetables il not attended 10. KeY
osene is cheap and We hsYe scarcely begun
| % appreciate its worth.