The Arkansaw traveler., 1884-12-20

was B nad conquered the Wo1td4 From Macedon Aristotle removed to Athens and devoted his time to instruction and writing.
 Coming down the course of time we meet ~ith seven hocks, the work 0! Qain- tilian, on mental and moral instruction, which are worthy the time of any stu dent. The name of this celebrated man will live in the pages of history for having given to the world instruction such as was unknown to it's predecessors. Self. government and free institutions were advocated by him, matters of the great est importance, especially that of our own republic, the permanency of which depends so much upon the right use of liberty freedom must never be con- veued into license or disobedience ts law patronized.
 In the year 40 A. D., Capella, the learned, wrote 3 treatise consisting of nine books, which gave new ideas and presented plans and systems for school work, which the monks reduced to a seven years course, consisting of reading, grammar, arithmetic, geometry, rhetoric, music, and astronomy. This was a great improvement in scholastic instruction. Grammar and rhetoric were the first to have the attention of the scholar.
 The time would fail and patience droop
 To count the host who before us stand,
 With dazzling fame"
 We now pass from Greece to Rome, with the rise of which schools were established, and in addition to the code then in use, as introduced from Greece, a public library was established in the capital of the empire, and Grecian arts and sciences were generally patronized during the time that Cicero flourished Then followed history and bathing as a part of school duties. But, after all Cicero had done for education, he is cruelty put to death.
 The new era opened with schools of jurisprudence under the jurisdiction of Sabinus and Proclus in the year 30 Then followed Seneca, the great moralist and the school of Gamaliel was celebrated throughout Palestine, in which the apos- tie Paul was instructed. The character of the school is manifested by the Apos- ties epistle to the Romans, book for philosophy, rhetoric, and logic surpassing any of our modern writing. How strange that with all the light derived by tuition and inspiration, morality and religion should decline. An important lesson this for the advocates of secular tuition independent of christian teaching, or the medication of moral principles as the foundation.
 "Where are the sages and the heroes, giants
 of old time
 Alas, they lie unWept, unhonored, and hid
 den in midnight"
 Coming westward our attention is di- rected to France, where, long before Caesar with his legions and jurisprudence arrived, Greek colony had been estab- lished at the mouth of the Rhone, now called Marseilles, and had dispensed tuition to all parts of France. Cicero mentioned these people and their schools, especially those of Autun, as not only the great centres had accepted the schoolmaster, but libraries had been established at the expense of the govern ment so early as the second century, duties of school teachers fully defined, each entering on his or her office under the most solemn oath. In the year ooI childYen's schools were established, music and poetry were studied, and
  gancies of life, from which we may date the rise of that supreme elegance of manners and effeminacy for which the French are so conspicuous. In I2 30 was founded the University of Grenoble. Schools for architecture fosrished under the great Serlio, who was the first to measure and describe correctly the an- cient edifices of Italy.
 Leaving the continent of Europe we soon reach the English shore, where, from the time of the Briton's conversion to christianity, education has continued to advance. Thanks to St. Augustine, the first archbishop of Canterbury, in the year sos A. D, for his great interest in the instruction of the people, not only in secular tuition, but in moral and chris tian principles, making the scriptures the text book, which from that period has existed, and to which England no doubt is indebted very much for her exalted position among the nations of the earth. Her majesty's reply to the sultan of Tur- key when he asked of her the question, " Tc shat doss England owe hei great ness !' Her reply was one of supreme grandeur, "The bible"
 SOntCut SCuO0lS WcfS SStaDIlSncQ ln some parts of Great Britain so early as the year o7o. Also in Ireland Aouished some of the best seminaries and colleges. Alchtin, the great writer on scholastic philosophy, 1ourished about the year 76o Indeed, from the year $ to 878 may be called the first age of scholastic philoso- phy. Alchuin was considered the most learned man of his time. Charlemagne was numbered among his patrons, and he had the honor of establishing schools and greatly promoting the cause of let ters. Then came King Alfred with his untiring zeal for the education of the peo- pie, and founded the University of Oxford in 86o. He also published code of laws, from which our common law is de- rived Unfortunately for his people he died at the age of 5I. Then came Pytha- goras' school, Cambridge, founded in 1893, which has continued to this day, and will exist, no doubt, 10 the end of time, as the second seat of learning, not