davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE FOR PUBLIoAr1oN.-Land once

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATIoN.-Land once
~ at Mitchell, d. T., Dec. I, 1883.
Notice is hereby given that the following-nam+
ed settler has filed notice of his intention to
make llnal proof in support of his claim and that
said proof will be made before G. w. Mcdonald
Clerk Dist. Court Jerauld county at Washington
Springs, on Jan IS, 1881, viz:
ALONZO d. CADY,
under his d. s. filing No 2O9sO for the nel sec 10,
town LOG range 65. He names the following wit,
nesses to prove his continuous residence upon,
and cultivation Of, said land. viz: Geo. Wine.
gardner, Z. Z. Bowen j. f. Ford, Martin NJ.
of Jerauld Co. ID. T.
G. B. EvERITT,
dec14jan1sjff Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
] r;.gs,' SaR + i AZ Z 2 ss ofss

fpRRyf,9s Es,R RElBI.IGaATI0S, Land pf.ise
~ at Mitchell, ID. L. Dee 4, 1883 ss>sN
ed settler has filed notice Of his Intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before c. W. Nc
mer, ID. T., on January 18th, 1884. viz:
WILLIAM HORSLEY. JR.
under his $ entry No. 1852 .or the sell sec "A
town 1OS range 66. He names the following wit
nesses to prove his continuous residence Upon.
and cultivation of, said land, viz: c. W. Hill,
Mm N. Hill, Peter Willing, George Hanson, of
Elmer, Jeraud Co., ID. I.
dec14jan1S GEO. B. EvERITT, Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
tiec14jan1sjff

NOTICE FOR PUBLCATIoN.-Lan Office
~ at Mitchell, d. L. Nov 81, 1888.
Notice ie Is is hereby given that the followingnam
ed settler has filed notice OF his intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before Chas. W. Nc
Donald Clerk Court at Washington Springs, ID:
IT, on January u, 1888, viz:
JAMES L. FORD,
filing No 217o3 for the nwll sec "a town lO7
range G5. He names the following witnesses to
prove his continuous residence upon, and cult
yation of, said land, viz: John r.wlks, j. N.
Goepfert, c. B. Hanford, g. +. Cummings of Ell
mer, D l. GEO. b. EvERITT,
noV29Jan3 Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.-Land Office
IN at Mitchell. ID. L. Dec. %. 1888.
Notice is Hereby given that tile following nam
ed settler has filed notice Of his intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before C. w. Me
Donald, Clerk District Court Jerauld county, at
Elmer, ID. T., on the nth day of l'eby 1891, viz:
JOSEPH ID. ROACH,
who made presumption declaratory statement
No 2O30s for the neh sec 81 town los range 81 W.
9TH p. m. He names the following witnesses to
prove bis. continuous residence upon, and cult
Nelson Robert j. Tracy, Eli w. Chapman, all of
Elmer, d. I: GEO. b. EvERITT,
JlfS Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION-Lan Office
~ at Mitchell Dakota, Dec 1S, 1883.
Notice is hereby given that the following-nam-
ed settler has filed notice of his intention to
make final proof in support Of his claim. and
that said proof will lie made before G. w. Me
Donald. Clerk District Court Jerauld county at
Elmer, Dakota. on Feby 20. 1881. viz:
GEORGE W. STETSON.
underhiS nd entry No 2G054 for the nCla sec 81
town l07 range G6. He names the following wit
nesses to prove his continuous residence upon,
and cultivation Of said land, viz. Franklin
Crittendon, Timothy Tryon, Harry Allyu David
MOuton; all of StetsonD. 7.
j4fs GEO b. EvERITT, Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.-Land ONCE
~ at MITCHELL ID. T.. Nov 2Stl. 1883
ed settler has filed notice of his intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and Sc
cure m na eHftry Thereof and that said proof will
ell, ID. T., on january 23d, 1884, viz:
JOHN /. SULLIVAN,
under his Is filing No. 22159 for the nwll sec
23 town 107 range G6. He names the following
witnesses to prove his continuous residence uli2
on. and cultivation of, said land, viz: Mark
Williams, George Barnes, Samuel Galley, John
Linn, all of Jerauld Co ID. T.
dec7jan11b&w GEO. b. EYERITr, Register
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUHLICATIoN.- La,d. otlice
~ at Mitchell d. I. December l3, 1883.
Notice is hereby given that the following man,
ed settler has filed notice of his Intention to
make final proof i'll support OF his claim. and
that said proof will be made before Chas. W. Nc
Washington Syringe. ID. r., on January &C. 1881,
viz: JAMES PALMER.
under his d s filing No 21900forthe e1s nell sec
lowing witnesses to prove his continuous resi-
dence upon, and cultivation of, said land. viz:
Chas. y Brown. G L Hall. j 0 slry"ck, Charles
Shryock, all of Elmer, .Jeraulu ~. d. Il.
dec2jan25 GEO. Il. Epl.RIrr, Register
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
8. Land ohlce,at Mitchell d. Il
NOTICE OF FINAL PROOF.

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION-1.and Office
~ at Mitchell, d. T., January 5, 1881.
Notice is hereby given that the following nam
ed settler has fled notice of his intention to make
final proof in support of his claim, and that said
proof will be made before G. W. Mcponald, elk
u Dlsl Court jerauld county at WessingtonSprings
ID. L., on the 18th day of February, 1884, viz:
JOHN w. SHULTS.
under his d filing No. 217ss, for the nw14 sec.
!, town l06, range 65. He names the following
witnesses to prove his continuous residence up
on, and cultivation Of, said land, viz: G 4
Winegardner, McReady Martin, A d Cady, Milo
Cummings, all of Sullivan, Jerauld county, ID. T.
lll1l5lSc GEO. b ENERITir RepiSter
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.-Lan Office
~ at Mitchell, d. T. Dec. 4, 1888. viz:
Notice is hereby given that the followingnan,.
ed settler has filed notice of his intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before G. w. Nc
Donald at Grow Lake b. T. on Jan TO- 1884. viz:
ALBERT ALLYN.
under his nd filing No. 1s71lfor the sw14 of nwh
and ne of swla and nwl4 se14 and swli of ncil
sec % town 1o6 range G6 He names the follow.
ing witnesses to prove his continuous residence
upon, and cultivation of, said land. viz: s. II.
Melcher, Frank Speneler Randall A. Buckmas-
ter, Eleza J. Mentzer, of Grow Lake, D. I.
GEO. b. EvERITT.
dec14jan16 Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.--Lan Office
~ at Mitchell, d. L. Dec. "a, 1883,
Notice is hereby given that the following nam
ed settler has filed. notice of his intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before Reg or Rec
at Mitchell D. T., on February %. 1884, viz:
SEBASTIAN NOTHELFEK,
for the sw'la see "a town 107 range G6. He names
the following witnesses to prove his continuous
residence upon, and cultivation of, said land,
viz: John Burns, James Nelson, JOSEPH C'Brne
August Boclmar, all OF Crow Lake. ID. i.
jlfS GEO. b EvERITI, Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE FOR PuBLIcATIoN.-I;.n Office

NOTICE FOR PUBLICAIION.-Ian Office
IN at Mitchell, ID. L. Dec. H. 1888
Notice is hereby given tl,atthe following ralr.
ed settler has filed notice Of his intention TO
make final proof in support Of his claim, and
that said proof viii be made before G. W: Nc
Donald clerk dist. court Jeraud county. at Wes.
sington Springs. d. r., on Feb'y 1st. 1884, viz:
JOHN NEWTON CROSS,
under his hd entry No 2l235 for the nell sec I,
nesscs 10 prove his continuous residence upon;
and cultivation Of, said land, viz: L L DeLize;
NJ d Grow, r $ Nessey, d N Paxton. all of Tenn,
pleton. Jeriuld county, u. T. GEO. B. IlvERIr1,
dec2Sfeb1jf Register,
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATIONS Land Office
j " ut Mitchcu Ii L Iapl1al.1,i icot - -

ed settler has filed notice Of her intention to
make final proof in support of her claim, and
secure fual entry thereof and that said proof of
herself and witnesses will be made before the
Register and Receiver U. S. Land Office. at
Mitchell d. T. Oh Monday, the 18th day of Feb
ruary, 1854, viz:
SADIE 1. WASHBURN, of Jerauld county DIT
under her nd entry No 24lsl, for the nw14 see 49,
town l0s range 65. And size names the following
witnesses to prove his continuous residence up
on and cultivation Of. said tract. viz: James T.
Morse, Alfred B., Rowley A. II. Marshall, L. f.
Morse of Jerauld Co. p. L. This notice must be
published in the Washington Springs Herald.
J11fi5W&c GEO B. EVERITt, Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE FOR tuBLlcAT1oS.-Lana once

NOTICE FOR rUBLICATIoN.-l.and oItlce
IN at Mitchell, d. r., Dec 2sth, 1885
Notice is hereby given that the following nam
ed settler has filed notice of his intention tc
make final proof in support his claim, and that
said proof will be made before c. W. McDOns
aid. Clerk Dist Court Jerauld county at Elmer,
d. T., cn Feh'y H.. 1884, viz:
THOMAS ROACH.
who made d. s. filing No. 204sl for the sell sec
q town 1OSlrange 6i. He names the following
witnesses to prove his continuous residence up
on, and cultivation Of. said land viz: VIM,
NARROW, Peter Nelson, Robert Tracy, Eli W.
Chapman, all of Elmer d. T.
j4fS GEO. B. EvERITT, Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Bert Orr returned from Plankinton
via Mitchell and WoonsoclSet, Thurs
day.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATIONS Land Office
~ at Mitchell, ID. L., December %, 1883
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has filed notice of his intention
to make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before c. W. nc;
Elmer, d. t., on Feb'y2stii 1884, viz:
WILLIAM A. DEAN,
under his d. s. filing No. 22O99 for the nw1i sec
SO town l07 range G6. FIe names the following
witnesses to prove his continuous residence up
on, and cultivation OF said land, viz: o. L. Cor
win, IS Il. Sliimp, Theodore Rounds, Ralph p
Cornell, all of Jerauld county, u. T.
jifs GEO. b. EvERITr, Register
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION-tand Office
IN at Mitchell, d. T., December 81, 1893.
Notice is hereby given that the following nam,
ed settler has filed notice Of his Intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made beforeC w, McDonI
aid, Clerk District Court Jerauld county, at Ell
ner d. T., on Feb'y 90. 1884, viz:
TIMOTHY TRYON,
who made d. filing No 223 10 for the sell sec
26 town 10I range Sc. He names the following
witnesses to prove his continuous residence up
on, and cultivation Of, said land, viz: Franklin
CrittendOn, Geo. w. Stetsan, David Moulton;
Harry Allyn, all OF Stetson, ID. T.
j4fS GEO. b. EVERIT1, Register
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

A good tree claim for sale 3 miles
from town; ten acres broken and 300
walnut trees growing. FORD & RICH.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

The Mitchell Capital claims nearly
half a million dollars expended in i'm.
provements in the year 1888.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Read about our combination with
Demorest's Monthly, the leading La
dies Magazine of this country.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

We have received large invoice OF
blanks of all kinds which we will sell
in quantities to suit purchasers.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

LIN. Loomis of the Alpena journal
made the HERALD a pleasant call on
Wednesday last.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Even the severe weather of last
week did not prevent Orr's stage from
coming through on time.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATIoN.-La Office
N at Mitchell u. T Nov. % 1889

NOTlCE FOR FUBIICATION.--Land Oflipe
~ at Mitchell, d. T. Nov. %, 1883.
Notice is hereby given that the following nam.
ed settler has filed notice of his intention TO
make final proof in support of his claim, aud
that said proof will be made before Register and
Receiver ut Mitchell d. T.. on Jan. 20, 1884, viz;
A1ARGARErA DUNN,
under his d $ filing No 22204, for the sell see %
town lo7 range 66. He names tie following Wit
nesses to prove his continuous residence llroli,
and cultivation Of said land, viz: John T. Sl,l.
livan, George Barnes, John w. Todd Marx
Williams, all of Jerauld Co., D. T.
dec7Jan11b&w GEO. b. EYEsRITr, Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE FOR RPUBLICATION.-Land Office
AN at Mitchell, D. T., Dec. Is, 1893

Notice is hereby given that the following nam
ed settler has filed notice of his intention to
make final proof in support of his claim, and
that said proof will be made before G. W. Nc
Donald. Clerk District Court Jerauld county at
Elmer, d. T., on Feby 20, 1884, viz:
FRANKLIN CRITTENDON,
Hd entry No. 2GoG6 for the sw1l see 35 town 107
range G6. He names the following witnesses to
vation Of, said land, viz: Geo. w. Stetson, Da-
yid Moulton, Harry Allyn Timothy Tryon, all of
Stetson, D. 7. GEO. b. EVERITT,
j4fS Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Messrs. Crittenden and Stetson of
1916 made a lengthy visit at the
Springs last week. They did not care
to start out when the thermometer had
the sullls.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

All the papers needed for final proof
furnished by Bateman s. Mcdonald.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

The lamp in the post Office lobby is
one of the results Of Mr.. Barrett's re-
cent visit to Mitchell.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Make your final proofs before Chas
w. Mcdonald. Clerk of District Court.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11
NOTICE-.Unted States Land Office Mitchell,
~ ID. T.. December 18th 1883

Complaint having been entered at this Office
ny M James ". Simpson, Sr. Jerauld county against
YIN: o;s Cos for abandoning his homestead entry
IL town 106, range 81, in Jerauld county, ID. r.,
with a. view to the cancellation of said entry:
pea a s at TIKI Tes nse are n t ere9y & OF a to a
at9 O'Clock q. m, to respond and furnish testi-
mIsony I1s,l concerning. said alleged abandonment.
JfilJWspd GEO Is. EVERITr, Register.
.NOTICE.-U.s s. Land Office at Mitchell d. I.
lN Dec. II, 1888.
Complaint having been entered at this office
BY Charles A. Mills Jerauld county against Wm
i. Brush for abandoning his soldiers d. S. filing
No 1911 aud his homestead entry No. 25s43, dat
tea ;Aprli a 7th, and Oct 9th, 1885, upon the sw1
eety W view 5 to a4Ee 9e s SsGaua o
sald entry: the said parties are hereby summon
ed to appear at this office on the 18th day of Feb
ruary. 1881 at O'Clock a. m., to respond and
furnish testimony concerning said alleged aban-
comment. GEO. B. EvERITT,
dec2sjan1Sf&r Register
NOTICE.-U. s. Land office at Mitchell, d. T..
~ Nov. so, 1885,
Complaint having been entered at this office
by - q. Cummings Jerauld county against John
for abandoning his hid. entry No
81 ss ssa 81 snFl5 Ga@, sss ie a1 As sAs s s a
county, D. t. With VIE View s to the lp cancellaton m
of said entry. The final hearing at this Office
OH the goth day of January 1884, at o o'clock IL M
GEO. B. EvERIT,r; Reg
w; Mcdonald, ,Jerauld county, on January the
22d, 1884, as provided by amendment to Rule
30, Rules OF Practice, approved December %,
lSS2 GEO. b. EVERITT,
decl1Janid&m Register
NOTICE s. Land Onlce,at Mitchell ID. T.,
~ Dec. 4, 1888.
Complaint having been entered at
this Office by John Olsen, of Aurora Co.
against Lewis III. Richey, for abandon
ing his homestead enty No. 243SS dated
March %. 1883, upon the ne1l sec. 10.
township 1O7, range 68, in Jerauld co.,
D. T., with & view to the cancellation
of said entry; the said parties are here
by summoned to appear at this office
on the 1st day of February, 1884, at 8
o'clock Il. m., to respond and furnish
testimony concerning said alleged aban-
donment. GEO. B, EVERITT.
dec2lJan1llo Register.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

1t is rumored that DEs. Harris and
Turner will soon open up a fine stock
Of drugs, DR.. Turner having recently
gone East for the purpose of making
purchases.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Jerauld county warrant No. /, for ex-
press charges on books was issued to
G. w. Mcdonald and cashed by DR.. S.
IL. Melcher at its face. w. |. Bateman
got warrant No. 9.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

We understand that the Signal Ser
vice department Of the government
contemplate putting in weather rec
ord station at this place Ifthis means
telegraphic communication with the
world 1T will be hailed with delight by
our people.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

Propositions for carrying the mail
from Mitchell to Elmer and back two
times a week on a schedule Of 13 hours
each way, from February list, 1884 to
June 30, 1886 will be received by the
postmaster at Elmer until January 49,,
1884. The bids must state the rate per
year.
Wessington Springs herald. (Wessington Springs, Aurora County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1891, 1884-01-11

The parties having in charge the
building of the Huron and Southwest
ern Railway have written a letter look
ing to an interview with the townsite
proprietors relative to the location of
said railroad. For New Years pres
ent Mr.. Nicholl had a teakettle of boil
ing water upset On his foot which ac-
counts for the surveying party not be
ing in the field again.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1884-01-31

t5OHa q hittdnnlag tPd.l paper.
On the 10Th day of April, 1861 Mr. J. D.
Golden, now the gentlemanly clerk in the
commissioners Office, enlisted in the three
months service upon the first cali of the Presi-
dent for troops, and served during the term of
his enlistment in the 9th Pennsylvania regi-
ment under General Patterson. When the three
months troops came home Mr.. Golden re-en-
listed, and was member of company B, 18th
regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, under Cap
tain James s. Hillberry, which was the first
company mustered in at Camp Orr, August Ia,
1861. From that time ON Mr.. Golden served
with his regiment until he was discharged on
the lst day of March, 1866. at the time Of his
enlistment, April 16, 1861, Mr.. Golden was
twelve years two months aud nine days of
age. He served four full years, lacking few
days, and participated in almost the first and
last battles of the war.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1884-01-31
Norris IsIand sIemnrias.


By Z. 7. Peel, Co. 4, 10th Conn. Vols
mind ne now Of DAYS long past.
When. on old Morris Island : shore,
We faced Wars awful tempest blast,
And saw the food Of battle pour.
Before US Sumtcr's battered walls
Stood eTiIniy bOve the ocean tide,
Defiant of the iron balls
That raiIled against ber Seaward side
Fort Wagner's eafhwork nearer rose.
IN line OF Chariestons roofs and spires,
Whose sandy slopes al daylight's close
Were III by powder-lasiling fires.
And further on IL grim array.
Fort Jolnson's guns forebodiDg ii,
A whirring shell Of sent our way
The MosTis-Isiand nyhip-poor-will."
From sedgy marsh 10 harEor bound
Our line of siege extended wide,
Whose Parrots off, with tllunderoGs sound
Sent death unto the rebel side.
Three hundred pounds Of 'boot-Ieg''S shell
Sent forth 10 harvest human crops
And IN return, 10 pay us wei,
The JolInnies launched their " blacksmith
shcps."I
And what Is that which in night
IN yoncer reeay marsh upspTungr
IT'S tlle Swamp Angel in its might,
Prepared 70 talk with flaming tongue;
And cen TO Charleston's farthesf bound
The theme OF Justice to expopnd
In language plain to all, though "Greelcn+
Shattered and torn by shot and she'll
The Beacon House behind Us stood
a II ali eloquent. to tell
The tale Of Wars destructive flood -
To speak OF those who bravely faced
The deadly storm OF shell and ball.
And on that lonely island waste
Gayeto their Coantrys cause their ALL
Such are the memories that win fill
The active mind in waking hours
With magic power tie soul 10 thrill
As eOrrants pulse electric wires.
And cen while on my couch lie
And al around Is calm and STILL
How of view, with spirit eye
Those scenes and list that .swlip-poor-,y ~
Called "boot-legs.n because they were long.
like the leg OF "A boot.
tSoine Of the enesny's shells, in consequence Of
being ed with ali sorts of irregular scraps Of iron
nails, fragments of glass, &c. were facetiously
called blacksmith shops"
IAN alliision. Of course, TO Greek fire.
hrts HAVEN COsS