Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1884-07-24

-cstab,,shed m conformity win the best Jurls-
dIctioual interests OF both. The line OF de-
parcation Il not merely CONVENTIONAL uh
more, IL separates q Spanish-American PEG
ple from n saxon american people IL ~.
vides one,great nation from anothI Win
distinct and natural finaltty.'
We seek the ~conqucsts OF peace we de-
Gre TO extend our commerce., ana IN an
espccial degree with our friends and neigh
bors ON this continent We have not Inn
proved our relations with spanish-America
as wisely and as persistently as we might
have done. For more b a generation the
sympathy Of those countries has been allowed
70 drift away from MS. We should now
make every effort TO gain their friendship
Our trade with them IL already large. Dur
ing the last wear our exchanges IN the West
ern hemisphere amounted 20 500 200
nearly one-fonrth OF our entire foreign
commerce To those who may lee disposed
10 underrate the value Of our trade with the
countries OF North and South America IL
may be well 10 state that their population
Is nearly or quite fifty m~ilIions--and that, IN
proportion 20 aggregate numbers, we import
nearly double as much from them as we do
from Europe. But the result Of the whole
American trade is in q high degree unsatis-
factory. III, imports during the past year
exceeded S225, 900 900. while the exports
were less b a 1925, 0O0, OOO-showtng Q
balance against us of more than one hundred
millions Of dollars. But the money does NOT
20 to spanish America. We send large sums
to Europe in coin or its equiyalent 20 pay
European manufacturer for the goods which
they send TO Spanish America We are but
paymasters for this amount annu-
ally 10 European factors-an amount which
is a serious draft, IN every anc de-
preston. upon our resources OF specie.
Cannot his condition Of trade In great
part be changedY Cannot the market Tor
our products be greatly enlargedg We have
made a beginning in our effort 20 improve
our trade relations with Mexico, and we
should not be content until similar and mu-
tually advantageous arrangements have been
successfully made with every nation OF North
and South America While the great powers
OF Europe are steadily charging their colo-
nial domination in Asia and Africa II IL the
especial province of this country TO improve
and expand its trade with the nations of
America No field promises so much No
Held has been cultivated so little. Our for
eiqn policy should be an American policy in
Us broadcast and most comprehensive sense
q policy Of peace, of friendship, of CONNER
cial enlargement
The name of Americdn which belongs %
us In our national capacity must always ex-
alt the Just pride Of patriotism. Citizenship
of the republic must be the panoply and
safeguard of him who wears it The Amerf-
can citizen, rich or poor, native or natural
lied, white or colored, must everywhere
walk secure In his personal and civil rights
The republic should never accept a lesser
duty, it can never assume a nobler one, than
the protection of the humblest man who
owes IL loyalty-protection at home, and
protection which shall follow him abroad,
into whatever lands he may go upon a law
ful errand-
THE SOUTHERN STATES.
recognize, not without regret, the neces-
sity for speaking of two sections OF our CON-
mon country. But the regret diminishes
when l see that the elements which separ-
ated them are fast disappearing. P~retudices
have yielded and are yielding, while a grow
ing cordiality warns the Southern and the
Northern heart alike. Can any one doubt
hat between the sections confidence and
esteem are to-day more marked than at any
period In the sixty years preceding the cleo
ton of President Llncolny This Is the result
in part Of time and in part OF Republican
principles applied under the favorable con-
ditions OF uniformity. IL would be a great
calamity TO change these influences under
which Southern common " ealtbs are learning
TO vindicate civil rights, and adapting them
selves to the conditions of political tranquil
lity and tndUatrial progress II there be oc-
casional and violent outbreaks in the South
against this peaceful progress, the public
opinion of the country regards them as ex-
ceptional and hopefully trusts that each viii
prove the last
The South needs capital and occupation,
not controversy. As much as any part OF
the North, the South needs the full protec-
ton of the revenue laws which the Repub-
lican party offers, Some of the Southern
states have already entered upon a career of
industrial development and prosperity.
These, at least, should not lend their cleo
toral votes to destroy their own future.
Any effort TO unite the Southern states
upon issues that grow out of the memories
of the war, will summon the Northern states
to combine in the assertion of that national
ity which WA their inspiration in the civil
struggle. And thus great energies which
should be united in a common industrial de-
~velopment viii be wasted IN hurtful strife.
The Democratic party shows itself a foe to
Southern prosperity By always invoking and
urging Southern political consolidation.
Such n policy quenches the rising instinct
of patriotism in the heart of the Southern
youth; it revives and stimulates prejudice;
IL substitutes the spirit of barbaric ven
geance for the love OF peace, progress and
harmony.
THE CIVIL SERVICE
The general character of the civil service
of the United States under all administra-
lions has been honorable. In the one SUI
preme test--the collection and disbursement
OF revenue-the record Of fidelity has never
been surpassed in any nation. With the
almost fabulous sums which were received
and paid during the late war, scrupulous in
tegrity was the prevailing rule. Indeed,
throughout that trying period it can be said
TO the honor of the American name, that un-
faithfulness and dishonesty among civil Off
GERS were as rare as misconduct or cowardice
ON the field of battle.
The growth OF the country has continually
and necessarily enlarged the civil service,
until now it includes a vast body of officers,
Rules and methods of appointment which
prevailed when the number was smaller
have been found insufficient and impractical
bic, and earnest efforts have been made 70
separate the great mass of ministerial officers
from partisan influence and personal control.
Impartiality in the mode OF appointment TO
be based on qualification, and security of
tenure to be based ON faithful discharge OF
duty, are the two ends to he accomplished.
The public business will be aided by separ-
atipg the legislative branch of the govern.
ment from all control of appointments, and
the executive department will be relieved by
subjecting appointments TO fixed rules, and
thus removing them from tine caprice OF
favoritism. Sui there should be rigid oh.
s%eryance OF the law which gives In ali cases
OF equal competency the preference TO the
soldiers who risked their lives in defense OF
the Union.
what prolonged service ! never found it ex-
pedtent to request or recommend the re-
moYaI OF a civil officer except in four in.
stances, and then for non political reasons
which were instantly conclusive with the
appointing power. The officers in the dis.
trict, appointed by Mr.. Lincoln in 1861 upon
the recommendation OF my predecessor,
served, as a rule. until death or resignation.
l adopted at the beginning OF my service the
test OF competitive examination for appoint
ments to West Point and maintained il 40
long as l had the right by law 10 nominate a
cadet In the case Of many officers / found
that the present law which arbitrarily limits
the term of the commission offered n CON