The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1884-12-24
TO CONNECT THE OCEANS,
THE NICARAGUA CANAL SCHEME.
History of the treat inter- Oceanic " alter
Way that Is TO Ost 400, 900 COO
Something Interesting ON
the Various Treaties

The Nicaragua treaty, now before the
United States Senate for ratification. is
by far the most important measure of
that character peading before the ma
tional congress. The terms Of the treaty
were wisely made public by the state
department this week, and have
already been published in null
In these columns The treaty
concluded between Secretary of state
Freiinghuys'n and Special Envoy
Joaquin LaVala, the respective pleuipo-
tenuaues OF the United states ana tha
Republic Of Nicaragup, is briefly this;
The United States undertakec 70 cnn-
strpct u ship canal to begin at the port
OF San Juan de N-caragda, or Greytown,
and 10 intcrsect the San Juan river
above the Rio Colorado, and thence
Y tho River San Juan to Lake Men
lagua, and across that lake to tho mouth
ot the River Del Medic, and thence IN
the Pacific Ocean at the harbor of Brito
Inc details of consideration, land
grants, tolls, ownership ana control are
Already subjects OF general discussion.
With the history OF this important
treaty the public is not so famIli r.boV-
ever. Before Great Britain had reco,,.
nized the Independence of tho ITuitf5i
States she ha,i made attempts To SAL,
ana hold a canal route bv the WYE
the san Juan river and Lake Nicara,rua
In lT9 and 1850 Col iIodson ana 7sa
OF The British Army, secretly surveyed
tne l"ko ana IIFer and in 1880 Captain,
afterwards Lord, Nelson, attempted,
uhuer orders from ADMIRAL Sir Peer
Iarher u seize aud mold the cuuutrv
but was defeated by the Spanii,r,Is and
natives The importar ce OF
INTRO, EANID COMMUNICATIONS
Dy the route was always hurue iu mind
ny BRUSH statesmen, and when thn
United states added largely TO Inc ex.
tent and Importance of her area by tha
acquisition vi California aud other Ierri-
tory from Mexico, England promntlv
seized san Juan de Nicaragua. or Graz.
town, at the mouth Of the san Juan
river. san
THIS OCCURRED
in 1913, afes Tho lone uisputes with
England about the northwestern hou,,d-
AIRY, which was only settled by the trea,v
OF July 10 1916. rntre were other 6n,5-
ers Iii the pie, however. Louis Mana
icon, while prisoner ut Ham, became
Interested IN - canal scheme Thrn,tnh
the cohhiVance OF Louis Philiippe's roy
efnWenL he had an interview, in 1891
with Nj. SastellUn, of Nicaragua,who had
visited France 20 secure lhe aid of ma
french government in the huIIuiuu of a
cana J he result was charter, gran d
by Nicaragua in 1916. To the , ai'.,, \ M.
lem de Nicaragua. Louis Napoleon
so II aiterWWd escaped from pr.uu.
ana issued pamphlet in London con
tanning an appeal ID capitalists in behalf
OF his Canal do Nicaragua" There was
undoubt dly some understanding be
tween the then English ministry and
Napoleon, and IN 1913, when he returned
TO france, England seized the DOR. uI
san Juan ana named il GreytoWn. Her
aVOWtu uhltcJ was to "uutain cont al of
80 deslra 10 spot in the cumnerriaI
Woriu aud Tree IT from the COmpuiou OF
the adventurous North Americans.'"
This action OF England, which some
thought demanded resentment, only 10
suited III NEGOTIATIONS, which we're
ended 10y u treaty known rs the CLAYTON
Bulwer treaty, taking It's name from
the potent aries.
TIE Clay ON-BU lwER TREATY
was the result Oh the NEGOTIATIONS be-
tween the United States and Great
Britain to adjust conflicting views aud
prevent ppsslOie complications growing
out OF lOnR . ki ting differences between
the Two governments In regard to "A shtp
canal or other communication aero,
the lsthWuS connecting Nor.h and
South America. Al tho time of these.
negotiations concession mad bsen oh
talned by the American Atlantic and
Pacific snip Canal company from Mica
ragua. The treaty was undoubtedly in
the Interest of this corporation. By the
convention the two governments set
lorth that neither the one nor the other
Will ever obtain or maintain for itself
any exclusive control o, or the said shin
canal, agreeing that neither Will ever
erect or maintain any iOrtiiicatiuns com.
nanilng the same, or in the vicinity
thereof, or occupy, or foruiy,
or coloni2e, or assume, or
exercise any dominion over Nicaragua,
Costa ltica, the Mosquito Coast, or Auy
part OF Central America, The co-upert-
ton OF all friendly states was to DO IN
vited to participate in the honor and adj
vantage 81 the great Work. Botn gov
ernmcnts declared that they were acting
upon general principle, which was to
secure the undertaking auu completion
OF an International WORK amt aureed To
extend tho same provisions !, any
other project at any o.her practicable
pOin,.
Tue treaty was held to be a surrender
of the Monroe doctrine, aud ten years
later y vreary OF state Seward COM
cluded treaty with The United States
OF Colombia, hich provided Tor cauui
across The isthmuS uf barren ANA " hicn
III cllect ui-rogardeu this questionable
treaty. TINS WAS not ruuhrl by Cuiuu-
Dla, ard tho uecl3iUn of tho United
States to pay no heed 10 the Clayton
Buiwer treaty did uOt come up for con
sideratlon. II ISL Secretary OF State
blaine intindlei TO Lord Granville,
BritiSh minister OF foreign affairs, that
the United States did not consider the
cana provision OF 1850 as any longer
pihdlhg' To Secretary ErenngbuNs-n
LORD Granville replied that tne eNigen
ces IL provided Tor IA 1876 still existed,
nut that II The United States saw liz abe
GOULD violate no agreement aud break
her faith. The correspondence was led
up To 10y the following facts:
a. q. MEN0CAL
was In charge OF the survey made under
the general direction oI Commander Ed
ward L. Luli, IN 1903, during the ad.
mlhistrailon uf the navy depAr, ment by
GeorSe Nj. kObtsOu; Au iral Daniel
Ainuien WAS chiel ui the bureau of navi-
gallon. A concession was subsequently,
obtained from Nicaragua by MIR. Memo.
cal Tor hlmse and associates, whereby
tney secured very valuable franchises,
rights anu privileges, Ia return for
which they were a. secure the building
Oh the can In accordance with the
survey aud plans OF MIR. Menocal. The
associates had until the fail of 1874 to
pegin Inc work u construction. II they
uid It begin before the expiration II