davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
Reception Of the state Grange.

9ler1dlan observer.
| At half-past two Wednesday after
noon, the members Of the State Grange
visiting brethren and members from the
county formed in procession IN front ri
the st. Charles Hotel and marched -
the court house. There must have haer
ct least three hundred in the PROFESSION
including about fifty ladies. Wher
they reached the building the conrt raj
vas crowded to its utmost ranac;.,,
After some vocal music ~ the choir.
accompanied By an organ, Mayor g rifin
on behalf Of the city authoffties. VEL
coined the State Grange 70 the hosr;.
talities Of the city, and introduced H.
Joel T. Walker, who had been annoi,,s-
ed By COMMITTEES Of citizens n dsI;,-a-
the welcoming address. Tha 1,ssv 49,. 7.
performed by Mr.. Walker. il r.r.s, ~
quent and appropriate manner - 80
conclusion OF his address. wh;.k ! .. ...e.
frequently applauded, Worthv 49,. $50
Dardeu responded on behalf - -
State Grange. After fhankino ~. ~.
eens Of Meridian for their coTaIri - ~..i.
come be explained At some lenrfh ~, ~;
objects and purposes of the order Tt
vas the first opportunity mnnv - 49,
andicnce had 10 hear Capt. Darden sr5
his remarks were listened Is VIA $3.50
attention. He is Z dnent hnf s.- -,...,''
impressive speaker. and made ,n =. - =.
Forahle impression.
A. eoncluslon q hls address. csrIa
tste made for Capt W. n Haf31, e 4
espo1qeq q = lev remarks "a RAJ .,-.1
!. 81 sisaons MAien Wtf8 hn4ftlly eh
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

state ii its legal sad moral aspects,
and make Z report upon the same With
whatever Recommendation they may
then zee ct. II any step toward recog-
milton Of the debt or any part Of il
should Be recommended, it would be
necessary first to repeal this amendment.
We are Of the opinion that the matter
demands the earnest and thonehtfnl
attention of the Legislature and The
State.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

TUE evening edition of the vieksbure
Herald has been discontinued, which
leaves 4 batter field for the Post, and
viii enable the publishers Of the Herald
to concentrate their energies on their
regular morning edition. We were an.
able to see the propriety Of two after
noon papers even ia 50 thriving a city
Is yicksburg. but it was not particularly
our business. and while we admired the
pluck We couldn't see the profit.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

Mr.. TowNsHENp, of Illinois, has in
troduced q bill to abolish postage OF
second-class mailable matter. and TO re
dues the postage on transient newspa
pens and certain other thirdclass malta.
bic matter, which was referred to the
Committee on PostofSce and Roads
Should Mr.. Money be again Chairman
Of that Committee, we shall expect him
to look after that bin until It is passed
and approved.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

A private soldier writes from q Tar
Western post as follows: The cause Of
50 much deserting from the army u
simply this. An enlisted man Is treated
ii just the same manner as Il be was !
dog. There Il altogether TOO much
manual labor with the pick and shovel
and Sunday labor, building barns on
sunday. There i nothing but work
from one weeks end % another. a
soldier eniists to Be : soldier and not q
labor. When nan goes intes 4 -
cruiting once % enlist tie sergeant rep
resents 10 him that he viii have 3
good tire II The army, with nothing %
do but 4 soldiers duty He enlisla, aoes
10 jefferson Barracks, carries tie bod,
Is sent Outon the frontier and ss put
Ii the ditch With : pick and ehogel.
and naturally he thinks this 3 rot fol-
dioFing, and BE- sela up and skipe. Al
great reform u needed u tho aFI.Iy, anli
desertion win not coaes until tl1rs =
reform.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

THE solution Of the gubernasorial
problem nov before the State Conven-
ton At Baton Rouge would IS 10 throw
McEnery and Ogden overheard. The
contest ID their behalf has been bitter
and bloody, and II sigher gets the nomi-
nation disahsction wiz continue.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
So Peculiarly Adapted. /"

PEARLINeros, Mss, Dec. "A, 1888
PUBLISHER CLARIoa: Enclosed ind
$500, 70 renew my subscription. / did
think / would discontinue yonK paper,
but each number seems 90 peculiarly
adapted 10 the time il il issued. that ]
feel lost without IL
Very truly,
DARRIs6Tox WHTTE
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
80 ra,I ,t;..;..;..: 4,r

Tns Goth Mississippi Annual Confer
sncs OF the II. E. Church Svnth con.
venel q. Natcaez on Wednesday LAST
and was very largely attended. Bishor
KaFanaush presided. Ravs. @. G. An
drews, J. A. .. jones and ]. w. NJ,
Lsuria we're elected Secretaries. Ths
Coaferoacs VA most Hospitality enter.
tanned b the go9d people q The Rlua
Civ.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

70 he li1t g candidates for Sergeant.
80 rns of tie House ue add tie name
ol 1lr. s n. 1lclntnsh, Of Leake, d
mk0ss quail lions fof The position tie
csftk6ssnihn lpsaksi Il xeEg eompliuon.
laly isEIna
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
Centennial Of WashingtOn's Mot
Glorious Act
Memphis Appeal

Washington resigned his commission
as commander-in-chief of the colonial
forces at Annapolis, December q, l''9.
the magnanimity and patriotism q
which action have ever since command
ed the admiration of the world. As NJ
act Of uuselGsh adherence in the hou'
OF triumph 10 principles Of liberI!
brayely contended for through years o.
struggle and adversely, it deserves 10 q
held in honor through all time. II Il
urged, therefore, says the Baltlmor,
Snn, that-s.he- occasion should be ce'a
gasttsu. oni Monday, 9th, at least ?
~ the marks Of respeSct, usually aes$
Is Y important aRniversai ttasz slf
We hosting OF flags, the firing of
ana other appropriate demonstratbf
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
Important Public Questions, Ably
Discussed.
Ur1uA, Mss, November Is, 1883.

UTICA, Mss, November Is, 1888
yudge s. S. Calhoon, Jackson, Miss.
DEAR SIN: viii yon be so kind as 70
furnish me, II the interest OF the public,
with your views on, LIST. Agricultural Lien
Law; "a. Railroad Supervision; Sd. a
State University for Young Ladies'; 4th.
Other masters Of public and local i'm
portanee. A letter from you on either
q the above snbjects win be highly ap-
prsciete. Yours truly,
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

SENATOR LAMAR is member of the
Committees on Judiciary. Railroads
and Civil Service and Retrenchnent
Senator George is a member of the Com
mittees on Agriculture, Claims, and Ed.
ucatiOn and Labor.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

VIE are authorized 70 announces 7. J. MoQUIN-
w STOS, Of Mouroa county, - eAndidAte iol
reelection 70 the ofass Of Superintendent lszasi
81 FSaitsBu&fy.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

TIE Crown Prince Of Germa,
suite arrived at Rome on Monda
had an enthusiastic reception. nj
monials were arranged for a visit
Pope.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

II z aFs authorized 70 snRouneo CHARLES
Il ate for SSFssSnt-4t-Ar1s VI The HSuas o. kepr0
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

vrr.,-s authorized 70 announces K. D. CHAND-
w LfR Of Kinds county, - . ca111dats foI
seetf0n u the Sfses Of Superintendent 4i.HasipPi
lgrttG1fllEJ-
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

YrvE srs authorized 70 announce oBoRGE L
w FJTTEK Of Kinds county, - . eandldAts
+. = -eryesut-st-Arlns Of the next HO1ss d keprs
scnLsLVss, January, loot.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
LE0IsLAfIVE AXOUHCENRNTS

TT s-e authorised 70 announos FRANCE 4
" WOLFF, Of TIppah Coanty, - . cs1aidai<
m E-rzszns-at-Arzls IT the Ssasta
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

Mn. JoHx B. RAyaosD, ex-publishel
81 the Pilot, was sworn ID as Delegate
from Dakota, in the House Of Repre-.
sontatives on the 10th.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

WEhavs on Gle for next Issue Prof.
&. NJ. Stones answers 70 the interroga.
tories Of A Mississippi Woman on the
subject Of . etate Female College
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

Shriners Indian Vermiuge destroye
mi K)slled worms thirty years ago. vi
guarantees il 20 10 the saml to. lay, T. ii
satisfaction OF every one who uses It.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

Nm. Gas I. Hannah, IN, Of Gre.
NADIA county. is candidate for Sergeant.
at.Arua Of the Horse Of Representa-
dives.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
For $40,

~ are authorized % Annoancs s. Il. AcIS-
W T1oH. u Lake county, - . candidate los
Es..ezr I-zI-ATl5s u tie UOass Of Representatives
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

HE Chattanooga Domocrssftli and
tnat North Carolina has lTeslmehts
question Of the disposal 8
By keeping them hp- keeuesi an
roads. Fer separs flI.l.f s,..i,l
~ that State have D. EMPLOYEE
mat MANNER, and, as q consequences 6
STATE ha9 secured a large interest Ia ,on
..t.'porlaat lines, the profits Of which "a
- entire State taxes. Tennessee miQE
y I. Eess On this By putting her convict
i. II Z. lng FOOD macadam roads al ovel
ti.e State Appeal.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
T19 Clarion for 1884

TIE CLAEI viii enter upon tht
forty-scyent!i - Of its existence OF
the lrs! day of January, 1884, and 1t,
proprietor tls55 OCCASION to express hi:
grateful appreciation OF the very liberia
patronage which the paper has enjoyed
during his eighteen years connection
with it. On a. first Of January last
the paper was greatly enlarged, aud .ht
pric3 Of subscription reduced to $3.50
per year.
The subscription list is now larger
than at nay tImo in the past twenty
years. a1d as this Is the season for re
newals, many are not only ordering the
paper continued. but are greeting US
with kind aud encouraging words. We
shall Be pleased % retain every name on
our list, and TIE friends of the paper
viii DO it q timely service by commend
ing il 70 others md inviting them to
subscribe.
TuE CLARION contains about %
columns of carefully prepared miscella-
Heous and news matter each week. 1t
is 4 favorite in the family circle, aud IL
indispensable to all who desire to keep
postcd in the public affairs of Mississip-
pi. It's extended circulation makes it a
superior advertising medium. The de-
cisions of the Supreme Court, as re-
ported by Robt. Shotwell, Esq, are pub
lisled regularly ia TIE CLARION. The
proceedings Of the legislature, and the
~ Of Q general nature that may be
passed, viii also appear during the next
few months.
The rate for single Subscriptions will
continue at $3.50 per year. For clul 9
of six and less than twelve, l.25 pei
year. For clubs of twelve, or more.
s1.0o per year, and a copy free to the
person sending the club, or to any other
address rs he may prefer.
For $3.50 we will send The CLARION
and either of the following first-class
journals: Y. o. Times Democrat, New
York Herald, American Agriculturist.
n. y, Louisville Courier-Journal, New
York Sun, Journal of Agriculture, St
Louis.
On the assembling Of the Legislature,
We will commence the publication Of
Tia Daily Clarion.
Which Will be delivered by carriers In
the city Of Jackson, or mailed to an,
address, for $500 for the session.
Subscribers to the Weekly edition, VIII,
may prefer the Daily during the session
can, by paying the subscription price o
The Daily, have the Weekly discontinued
until after adjournment Of the Legisla
ture, when their names viii be re-snteret
and credit extended accordingly. We
have arranged to have a competent re
porter in each House, 50 as to be able tt
present every morning q full report o.
the proceedings Of the preceding day.
Orders for THE DAILY CLARION ST.
now invited. Ramittances should b,
made By postal order, postal note. reg
ia,eTed, or may be sent by members o.
tbs Legislature.
Address, J. L. PowER,
Proprietor CLARION, Jackson, Miss.
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19
A Good Showing

NJ. Sam Hall one Of onr most
farmers makes the following repoI
cotton: On less than two acres ,
be raised from Ozier seed. 1850 =
Of Cotton. On four acres rsised
pounds seed Hobson's CIuste r :
on ten acres be raised nine bales
200 lint bales, weighing 500 lbs,
can beat it'-Iate County Record
The clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1883-1888, 1883-12-19

OF course, We should have this. and
argument Is not needed. The only aues-
ton IS one of finance. Can we afford
another institution just now? Ii we
can, kiye.it to the girls.
4-oEEERAL AATTERs OF LEGISLATION. |
haye not leisure TO 20 into this. The
maxim Of Sir Robert Walpole quieta non
mOreye," / regard the wisest for the con-
duct of any statesman. 1t is the
Ariadne's thread in the labyrinth of
State craft. Still, there are some evils
which hurt and should be corrected.
Among them Is the law Of attachment
against debtors, which, unless we have
! National bankrupt Law, or pass State
law. should Be changed. As
It stands, allowing the damages to be
credited on the debt, it il mere invita-
ton TO reckless OF corrupt afidaFits. or
,ollusion between the debtor and his !
lav0rite creditor, q city Of refuge for .
presents 3 siekening spectacle of indecent !
taste 70 get the frst lien" by swearing
ut an attachment" h
Wherever the jury will certify in I
heir verdict that the affidavit was reck-
easly made, they should have unlimited ]
,ower 10 Ok the damages, subject only \
0 Be set aside If the court ccrtifes the 4
pinion that the verdict Is unsupported :
y tssiimony; or, that part should be :,
epeaied which provides for crediting Il
Be damages on the debt, and the attach +
aent should be dismissed il the verdict s
. ter defendant On the Plea in abate- !.
tent. Honest men should Be protected =
ION nfidavits of fraud without cause. y
M ereditoE should Be allowed 10 in :
sryenn and defend. :,
AID tie influence 81 the Legislature N
hould Is given 70 pgomose the con- r
lFuctlon 81 railroads and factories. n
|aKticQlasiy We need, Is i State, road =,
ah1 Gulf wifhin our borders and : sea-
ell toNus
t4ge - tine g digest fully The mat Is
- mentioned II this letief. any one Of 81
.grl y 50 eond " should Be done, Fl
y kaRe merely l0tted down the
alns1. l1les ecenrEies . me.
Iy truly =
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1883-06-22
Arrested for Being Implicated in the
Gibbons Murder.

4.
A publication is just made here of the az
rest on Monday afternoon at Columbus, o.,
of William Direly, negro, charged with the
murder of the Gibbons children at Ashland,
KY, December "a, 1881. Fannie and Robbie
Gibbons and Emma Carico were found dead
in their burning house. The girls had been
outraged. Three men were arrested
George Ellis, William Neal and Ellis Craft
Ellis made confession upon which he was
convicted and sentenced to be hung, but was
hung by mob. Neal and Craft were also
sentenced to be hung, and now await the de-
cision of the Governor as to the day of exc
cution.
The arrest of Direly is upon long trac-
cling of circumStantial evidence in cOnnec-
ton with statements made by Direly HIM
self. Two other cOlOred men, Dabney
Jones and Reuben Kendall, are implicated
by Direly, and warrants are out for their
arrest. A shrewd cOlOred detective has
been employed for a long time on
the case, and he claims to have had
statements from Direly, in the nature
of confession, which are cOrrobOrated
i'm several points by circun,staptial evidence.
One of these is the finding of a bracelet be-
hands of colored wOmanx<KhO says she re-
ceived it from Direly, and who says he told
her of the murder, and that he found the
bracelet and some money and ring on the
floor. He gave the ring to another colOred
woman, who also has made a sworn state
ment that Direly told her it belonged tc
one of the murdered girls. Dire
ly at the time of the murder
was employed in brick-yard near the Glib
bOns house. Dabney Jones was then employed
in Norton's Iron Works near by, and both
Direly and Jones boarded in a shanty near
the river bank with two cOlOred women, one
of whom received the ring from Direly.
Almost Immediately after the murder Drely
left Ashland and was hidden for long
time; he was then heard of at Portsmouth,
o., and was finally traced to Columbus, o.,
where the arrest was made.
ASHLAND, KY, June L.
People here regard the arrest of the three
negroes for the Gibbons outrage and murder
as a hoax. The best citizens say 1t is
simply last desperate effort to save Crafts
neck. The arrest causes no excitement
here, people considering it no more impor-
tant than other negro arrests by detectives
in the same case. One of the prisoners is at
Catlettsburg, but his presence causes no eX-
element. Dabney Jones formerly lived
here, but was not suspected Of the crime.
LEXINGTON, KY. June II.
A correspondent went to the jail to see
Neal and Craft. He found them in the i'll
ner corridor, Craft sitting on a box reading
a paper. He had finished, and arose snil-
ing. He grasped the hand of the cores
pondent, and said: 81 knew the truth would
come out some day. My conscience is clear.
l can stand on the gallOws and protest my
innocence. / am as clear of that crime as
babe. don't know either Direly, Jones or
Kendall. There are good many men there
/ don't know" Neal appeared pleased
also. He said he knew the truth would
come out.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1883-06-22
GENERAL.

THE Chinese firms are said to be quietly
buying or leasing large quantity of real
estate in the northern part of Victoria,
B. c., on which to erect extensive business
houses. The transactions reported are sig
nificant of the intention of the Chinese to
nlonopolize the Chinese and Japanese goods
trade with Eastern Canada upon the COM
pletion of the Canada Pacific Railway.
AN earthquake in Ecuador on the 18th of
May caused great alarm in Quito. The
people camped in the streets fearing cat
aclysm. In Latacunga the shock was very
severe, overthrowing several houses. Vii
lagos in the vicinity were almost destroyed.
Cotopaxi was in active eruption. People
in the vicinity were terrified on account of
the probable repetition of the catastrophe
of March, 1876.
THE jury in the dynamite cases at Dublin
returned verdict of guilty against DR..
Gallagher, Wilson, Whitehead and Curtin,
and not guilty in the case of Ansburgh and
Bernard Gallagher. The four men found
guilty were sentenced to penal servitvde
for life.
In Cuba, recently, ex-Chief Carlos
Aquarre, at the head of a number of BAN
dts, abducted a wealthy proprietor, and
friends ransomed him for 5000.
THE business failures for the past seven
days were 1s6, against 113 the previous
week.
The value of exports, provisions, tallow
and dairy products for May was Sc, 265 ,415;
for the five months ending 3lst May was
So, S3S, G34; provisions and tallow for the
seven months ending May 81, 1854 ,975.
The value of exports of the same products
for corresponding periods last year was
$31S, a60 in excess of the above figures.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1883-06-22
Press Comment.

The Erening Star says editorially: The
verdict of acquittal was unexpected, though
it was supposed probable there would be
disagreement upon conviction. While the
verdict is in the nature of a surprise, the
result does not justify any censure of the
jury, as having acted otherwise than con-
scientiously in their conclusion. There We're
men on the jury who certainly would not
have voted for acquittal unless after faith
full endeavor to master all details of this
extremely involved and complicated case
they were unable to trace beyond a treas
enable doubt" all links required legally to
establish conspiracy. As one OF the jury.
men says in regard to this action, ''the in
dictments were based upon conspiracy and
If there was no conspiracy established
there could be no conviction"
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1883-06-22
THE EAST.

The wife of Ex-Governor Mccormick
who is the daughter of ex-senator Thur.
man, while recently suffering from nervous
headache, sent to the village drug store at
Jamaica, New York, ION Long Island), for
patent medicine, and taking an overdose
came near dying before proper medical
treatment saved her.
CATHARINE N. BuRNHAM has brought
suit against Macy & Co., dry goods mer.
chants, of New York, for $4,000 damages
for false Imprisonment on spurious
charge of shoplifting.
WILLIAM A. PUTNEY, at one time pro.
prietor of one of the largest dry goods
houses in Chicago, and rated among the
millionaires, through business depression
and bad investments became hopelessly in.
volved and was finally obliged to give up
his business on account of impaired health.
Without money he returned to Boston and
obtained a position as salesman for Shep-
ard, Ncrweu & Co. For some time past
the firm had been missing considerable
goods. Detectives traced the thefts to Put
ney and he was recently arrested at his
summer cottage in Nantucket. The officers
took steamer for Boston, when Putney,
watching his chances, suddenly jumped
overheard and was drowned. large
amount of stolen property was found at
his residence.
IT is reported that no lawyer in Fay
cite County, Pa, will undertake the
prosecution of young Mutt for the killing
of Dukes, his fathers slayer.
AT the ceremonies attending the dedica-
tion of the soldiers monument recently at
Mystic Bridge, Conn, while salute was
being fired in honor of the Governor by a
battery from Fort Trumbull, Williams and
Sedgwick Posts G. A. R., passing at the
time, received the contents Of two guns in
their ranks. The first discharge was re-
eeived by Williams Post, but the second,
which was more serious, was received by
Sedgwick Post. Eighteen men were wound
ed, some quite seriously.
JAMES NUTT, son of the late State Treas
urer r. c. Mutt, who was killed by n. L.
Dukes at Uniontown, Pa, some months
since, met Dukes, his fathers slayer, the
other day upon the streets of Uniontown,
and shot him five times. Dukes died in
stantly. The young man, who is not
twenty years old, surrendered to the au-
thorities. The tragedy caused intense ex
citement in the town, where the circum-
stances attending the murder of Captain
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1883-06-22
An Earthquake in South America.

PANAMA, Junedi.
The earthquake in Ecuador, on the 18th
of May caused great alarm at Quito, the
people camped in the streets fearing a cata-
clysm. In Latacunga the shock was very
severe, overthrowing several houses.
Those remaining threaten to fall. Villages
in the vicinity were almost destroyed. On
the diligence arriving at Latacunga the
mules were taken out and it was pulled
through the streets by men for fear the
rumbling would shake down the houses.
Cotppaxi is in active eruption. People in
the Vicinity are terrified at probabls
repetition of the catastrophe of March 1861.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1883-06-22
Saw.Mill Burned.
HAvRE DE GRACE. Mp =,

HAvRE DE GRACE, MD. June n.
The large saw-mill owned by John Du-
bois was burned this afternoon. 1t caught
from sparks falling on the roof from the
smoke-stack. The immense stock OF lum-
Der, including doors, sash and all the stock
on hand, was also destroyed. Duboise's
losses, as near as can be estimated Tonight
are $4,000. Some 1000 900 feet Of lumber
were destroyed. Insurance on property
supposed to be about $4,000. Sixty or sew
enty men were thrown out of employment,
McComb's large coal yard, on the wharf,
was somewhat damaged. The wharyeS
belonging to the Reading Coal and Lrou
Company, it is supposed, also suffered