Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-06-22
OXFORD UNIVERSITY.
OF Interest about this Fa-
nous Seat of Learning:

Something OF Interest about this Fa
nous Seat OF Learning:
tArthur wentworth Eiton in Boston Transcript
Oxford is city Of between thirty ant
forty thousand inhabitants, situated OF
the northeast bank of the Isis, small
tributary of the Thames little abov,
the point where the Cherwell joins it
AS one .approaches this ancient and ia
nous university town the picture is one
of very great loveliness. Towers and
spires rise thick as the chimneys of Ian
cashire and Yorkshire towns, and al
around rich wooded meadows greet the
eye. The western part of the town
where the train stops, is most uninterest-
ing, but short walk brings you to Higl
street. on which are many Of the finest OF
the University buildings, md into the
very midst of the Wilderness Of churches
chapels, libraries, lecture halls and dor.
mitories known as Oxford. In compari
son with the best of our American col
leges, these buildings are magnificent,
and yet taken individually they a,o not,
many of them, very remarkable Some,
however, such as the buildings of New,
Queens. Trinity, Exeter and Oriel have
fine architectural properties and are very
ancient. One delightful feature of many
colleges is the enclosure of gardens, mead
ows and fine old trees in the great quad
rangle or quad.
Oxford consists of twenty-one colleges,
three halls and at present two private
halls. The colleges are-All Souls, Bal
liol, Brasenose, Christ Church, Corpus
Christi, Exeter, Hertford, Jesus, st.
Johns, Keble, Lincoln, Magdalen, Mer-
ton, New, Oriel, Pembroke, Queens,
Trinity, University (the oldest, endowed
in 1249 A. d., Wadham, Worcester ; the
halls are st. Edmund, st. Mary and New
Inn the private halls are Charsleys and
Turrell's.
Halls are permanent, endowed institu-
tions, like colleges, each with principal
and vice principal, where small number
of men receive instruction and are fitted
for examinations. Private halls may be
man, or rather scholar, may obtain Ii
study. Turrell Hall has this year but
three students, two of whom are the mas
ter's own SONS.
Students may thus be presented for ex-
animation either by the college, hall, pri-
vate hall, or MS unattended students, of
which, for various reasons, there are
many. For the instruction and presenta-
ton of unattached students there are
delegates and tutors the delegates, con-
sisting of the vice chancellor OF the uni
versity, the proctors and several other
persons, masters of art.
The foundation or organization Of each
separate college is as follows: First, the
master, warden, dean, principal, presi-
dent, rector, or provost (for the heads OF
the various colleges bear these different
names). Secondly, the fellows, of whom
there are from ten to thirty in each cor
poration.
Magdalen and New each have thirty
the highest number. The fellows are
graduates after pursuing some course Of
study at the university. They are very
likely to be appointed tutors as well MS
fellows, though it is not necessarily so.
The conditions of election to fellow
ship, and the length of time it may be re-
tained, as well as the amount of salary
attached to it, vary in every college.
Often fellowship is given for seven
years. On some fellowsliips man is
permitted to marry, but usually not
Next there are from fourteen to forty
younger men, usually undergraduates
who are annually elected to the founda
ton and are called "scholars" or "exhi
bitioners." Besides these, some colleges
have ON the foundation two or three chap
lains, or Bible clerks. There is solar,
attached to these scholarships or other
positions on the foundation ranging from
$50 to f100 per annum. The value o
the scholarships in most colleges, how
ever, is ESQ per nnnum, including allow
ance for room rent. Scholars do moi
vote.
One or two of the colleges are some
what peculiar in their foundation, Chris
Church, for example, being combina
ton of college and cathedral, and having
beside the dean, six canons, twenty-eigh
senior and fifty-two junior students. ke
BILE is also peculiar, having no fellows.
Each college has its own standing, eth
er social or literary, and its men ar
judged accordingly. Christ Church ha
always been pre- -eminently the college fo
noblemen, and many of England's mos
distinguished sons, among the nobility
have been graduated there.
The literary standing of the college de
pends greatly on the energy and scholar
ship of its master or warden. Some co
leges that once stood low now take hig
rank, because of the determination of
newly appointed master to raise thei
standing. In the first rank for thorough
ness of scholarship to-day stand BalliC
and Corpus Christi, while University
Trinity and New take second rank, an
Worcester and Wadham are regarded O
very low.
Many students reside in their colleges
while some have apartments in town, an
the regulations for those who reside i
their colleges are not very different frol
those land they are few and simpl
enough) which govern Harvard men VIII
live in the college dormitories. With III
those who are responsible for the goo
order of their buildings are denominate
proctors, but in the English universitit
the proctor is very different and ver
, much grander person. Those whose dut
! it is in the separate colleges of Oxford
, keep order and conduct the examination
are the tutors, most of whom reside witt
in the walls.
Each college has what we should ca
its faculty, usually consisting, beside Il
principal or master, of vice principal
president or provost, as the case may b
dean and assistant dean, bursar al
assistant bursar, often several lecture
and tutors, of whom Magdalen has eigl
beside two assistant tutors, Balliol fiv
Corpus Christi three, Brasenose fou
etc.
Thus far we have spoken only of t
separate colleges. We must indicate Il
relation of the college to the universit
The university officers are many, begi
ming with the chancellor and ending wi
the teachers. The chancellor and hi
steward of Oxford are both nobleme
the former the Marquis of Salisbury, t
latter the Earl of Carnarvon. Then col
in order the deputy high steward, t
vice chancellor, the pro vice chancellC
the hebdomadnl council. the heads