The Aberdeen examiner. [volume] (Aberdeen, Miss.) 1866-current, 1883-03-01


looked to the same result, and adopted
a resolution ordering the Secretary of
the Treasury to report some plan
"for the promotion Of such manufac-
lures as will tend to render the Uni
ted States Independent of other ma
tons for essential-particularly mill
tary-supplies."
n
17S0-1SO1.
The Senator from Maine Mr.. FRYEb
in the speech to which / have already
referred, uses the following language:
History repeats itself. Our periods of
prosperity haze been the years Of pro-
lection Of aflversity, those Of free trade;
BY free trade mean tariff for revenue
only. In 1883 1901 we had protection; in
1801-1812, free trade; in 1872 1915, prOtec-
ton in 1916 1924, free trade; in 18S2-1S33,
protection in lS3-1s42, free trade; in
1872 1S47, protection; in 1s47 1851, free
trade; 1s6l-lSSl, protection again."
Mr.. President, was the first tariff,
the tariff of 1889, tariff for protec-
ton | respectfully deny it. wi |
show that that tariff was tariff for
revenue, with incidental protection,
and that protection very slight. 1t
is here before me in Young's Statistics
on Custom-Tariff Legislation:
"On cloth manufactures and textile
fabrics, per cent on iron manufacture,
~ per cent. nd yalorem."
l can cite abundance of authority
to my aid on these points. Horace
Greeley, in his work on Political
Economy, page "a, speaking of our
manufacturers, characterizes the first
tariffs as scarcely skirmish-line of
Legislative defense against powerful,
determined,an often crushing foreign
rivalry"
/ quote an abundance Of other au-
thorities. Albert Gallatin speaks of
the growth of our manufactures as
due to many causes, with no other aid
except the incidental protection de-
rived from the tariff. l admit, sir, it
was period of great prosperity, and
that manufactures prospered under
that revenue tariff with inciden
tai protection.
1SO1-1S12.
But, sir, why does he put down the
period from 1901 to 1912 as a period
of free trade l can not tell; for all
the tariffs imposed after 1893 until
1851 continued to assess higher and
higher duties; but all of them were
low-revenue tariffs with incidental
protection. Nor do l see why this
period from 1901 to 1912 should be
characterized by him as one not only
Of free trade but of adversely. 1t was
during this period that our nation,
thanks to low tariff, was enabled to
avail itself of its neutrality, and to
obtain the large carrying trade of
that period, and to assume such
high and honorable position among
the commercial nations of the earth.
The number of cotton factories,
wooden factories, glass factories of
brown and cut-glass, nail factories,
breweries, copper and tin factories,
wire weaving and riddle factories,
brass foundries, potteries, AID tan
neries is so great that shall not take
the time of the Senate or cucumber
the RECORD with the account of them
as chronicled by the author l am
quoting. Perhaps it will suffice to
call attention to Mr.. Gallatin's report
on manufactures submitted to Con-
gress on the 7th of June, 1903. | |
commend it to your study and con-
\ Il
The whole report shows that the
manufacturing condition of the coun-
try during this period which the SEN
ator calls the period of free trade, was
one of a bundant prosperity in all the
departments of American industry.
And desire to impress upon Senators
that at this early day an American
Secretary of the Treasury had declar-
ed as ''firmly established" the very
industries which to-day are declared
to be incapable of being carried on
without the protection of high duties.
On May /, 1913, digest of the
census of 1910 was submitted to
Congress by Mr.. Tench Coke, Assist
ant Secretary of the Treasury. That
report declared that the several
branches of manufacture had advanc-
ed since the autumn of 1910 at the
full rate of 20 per cent.
This concludes the period of 1910 |
to 1912. Would any one call it
period of adversely? The Senator
calls it period of free t ade. Mr..
Gallatin and Mr.. Greeley and Mr.. |
Coke called it period of revenue
duties with slight incidental pro-
lection.
lSlE-lSlO.
But the Senator says that from
1912 to 1915 was period of protec-
ton and prosperity. Sir, it was
period of war and of war duties and |
enjoyed that kind of
development and prosperity which
war engenders. This prosperity was
the result of the concurrence of many |
causes. The exemption of manufac-
lures from all competition by the entire
of commerce by the war
and the embargo preceding it was
one cause. But another was the
great initiation of the currency grow
ing out of the enormous issues of
paper money both by the Government
and the numerous banks which were
at that tina, each pouring
out its worthless issues that were
never to be redeemed. Prices rose
high, profits OF all kinds of industry
increased, and manufactures sharing
in the profits multiplied in nun Der
and increased in production.
1876
l can account for the Senator's
declaration that the period,from 1916
TO 1924 was period of adversely.
It was so in many respects, as I will
show directly. But why should he