Daily globe., 1883-08-10

Lhe soil Is also so deDlhtatod as TO prevent
the reproduction of the forest for a long
term of years. For preventative against
such fires the European plan of open
spaces or avenues is recommended.
TECHNOLOGY OF WHITE PINE.
Mr.. John S. Hicks, of Roslyn, L. l.,
submitted few remarks upon the tech
nology of white pine, in which be showed
that the timber could be successfully
grown, and that the texture of the second
growth was frmer than in the irst, and
the growth much more rapid, and as a con-
clusion he held that white pine could be
proftably grown.
Ex-Gov. Furnas, by request, informed
the congress of matter exciting some at
tention in Nebraska, viz: That the con-
centric rings of trees is no criterion of the
age of the tree. As rule, Mr.. Furnas
said the number of rings were in excess of
the age of the tree, but he had found one
specimen, the age of which was absolutely
known, which bore less rings than the age
of the tree. He had another specimen
| which contained two rings for every years
growth.
Prof. Budd, of Iowa, invited attention to
| specimen of white poplar, grown on
the Iowa Agricultural college farm.
1t was a close grained timber,
does not warp or shrink, and
thought it would prove good substitute
for the white pine. The specimen showed
more than thirty rings, while its actual
age was not more than fifteen years. In
| answer to question, Prof. Budd said his
experience in propagating this poplar
from twig cuttings had not been very en-
couraging. Root cuttings, however, were
of quick and strong growth, and twig cut
tings put out in the fall generally did
well.
Mr.. Foster, of Iowa, said he had found
in trees he had raised and cut-the catalpa
the rings corresponded with the age of
| the tree. He noticed, however, that there
was great difference in the width separat-
ing the rings,but he was not prepared to say
that the rings were unerring indications
of the age of the tree. Mr.. Foster also
stated that he had grown a white pine, not
yet thirty years old, which was twenty
seven inches in diameter, which convinced
him that that timber could be successfully
grown.
Prof. Budd said that he had noticed that
in dry seasons trees would produce two
| rings.
Mr.. Miner, of Illinois, said he had cut
| this spring two pine trees he knew to be
thirty years of age, in which the rings COZ
responded with the age, and in his opinion
if the gentlemen would look little further
they would find that the timber in
which the rings did not agree
with the age, they would find it was in
cultivated timber. Nature never pro-
duced double flower. Cultivation did
that. So, in his opinion, was the ring
question, cultivation did the business. As
to substitute for white pine, he thought
the reproduction of that wood itself was
the cheapest and the best.
Pref. G. E. Bessey, of Ames, Iowa, took
the position if two rings were produced in
| one season, there must have been two sep
| arate and distinct periods of growth that
| season, and he asked that each member of
the congress resolve himself into COM
| mittee of one to study the subject in read
| iness for the next meeting.
| ASSOCIATION OF INTERESTS IN FOREST CUL
DE-. Hough read paper upon the advis-
ability and economy of ass ociation of in
terests in forest culture, in which the
| operation of such system in portions of
Europe were cited and explained, the pur-
| port of the paper generally being favor
able 10 such associations of interests.
The next paper was by the same author,
DR.. F. B. Hough,, ,"on the maintenance AMI
| renewal of forest tree plantations upon
the prairies.
Both papers were accepted and ordered
placed on file.
NO,
TON.
An interesting paper was read by Hor. j.
G. Jolly, of Quebec, upon forestry as part
| OF practical education in which the writer
advocated that the study of forestry
should form part of the primary educa-
ton of the children of the country.
ENLIsTING THE SCHOOLS IN FORESTRY.
As corralry of the above, Prof. Ed
ward Daniels, of ST. Paul, read paper
upon the importance of enlisting the
schools in the study of forestry. The i'm
portance was generally acknowledged.
| and as one result we now have
Arbor day and other observances. The
| ignorance of the general public of the
matter is surprising. Fifty years ago a
large majority of the people lived in the
country and small villages. Now the peo-
pie are gathered in the great cities, and
some substitute for the lost opportunities
of the past must be provided for. Fifty
years ago the school education of the boy
was only few months in the year, but he
knew the animals and their habits, the
timber, the flowers, the fruits and the soil.
His school was natures storehouse, and the
boys and girls of forty years we're better
grounded in practical knowledge than are
those of to-day, and the only way the
boy of to-day can be educatad in these
practical matters is to introduce the study
of forestry into the schools, 'at least so far
| as the names ard characters of different
trees, plants and flowers. The children
should also be encouraged to plant small
patches of trees in the school grounds, to
which might be added the school garden.
quite extensively introduced in Germany
The paper was received and placed on
file.
TREE PLANTING.
At this point Prof. Lazenby, of Ohio,
presented the report of the committee up
on the "best methods of tree planting The
planting was governed by surrounding
circumstances as were all other crops. In
DrOnaUafinO forast treas If uas vviea 20 ca