New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1883-12-05

annments have attacked and suppIeSSst - afford
evils but in Others they 9a tS H;ursdctonal mita
s;opI 'rcb are imposed upon them by THO
Constitntlothi, how far the National Government
lng gSlv interfere in the premises ana maas
e anv snpervision or control ~ ougH iSar.t;on
is one which merits your careII ,;1e the importance
nic " raiwav systems of the country anu 4 ohv
0 e OF and benefcent influences upon o on the
great a az onr material wealth, we sn0ul9' on d no
n !I Iand remember that no Indlvlauai an
oornorafion ought to be invested MIL or class
mower over the interest OF any oter Urnoratons
pc ;.zens The right of these railway COZ ;est
vi ci' fir and profitable return upon their io
" and TO reasonable freedom III lhen IL ;i,st
tions must be recognized. But IL seem. seems. 9er
tiols' nus s 40 its constitutional authority WIN Pei
mt Congress should protect tno pep 81 ininstice
their inter state traffic against aus 70 nre-
which the State Governments are po"0ii''
PRESERVATION OF FORESTS.
- ornual message called attention 10
.ho recessity of protecting by suitaoie IT,
. .io tnosts situated upon the public domain III
Vno ,ortions of the West the pursuit OF general
a.S i.,o ;s only made practicable by resort 20 "
at;on while successful irrigation wqu9 in
!Igao;ile without the aid afforded ny lo &c tho
contributing 10 1io i0e'
supply "a NE mast wear severe suffering ana geao
During tn1 p'b have been occasioned by proiuse
pss u RlIpwed by periods of unusually 10" Tbesa
=; many of the great rivers OF the NV the
I,,riti IN great lntdSuIC in,
irregular IT, ohout the sources of the streams III
t;on of the timber by which the water
I'D heen nourished and protected III IL National
nau e n,cb nortions of the forests on the a.,
1 on os essentially contribute TO the e9aolo o"
of imnortant water-cOurses Is OF the nieh''' '0'
quence. .,4o,;os of the Missouri the Column
tbe Saskatchewan rise in the mountain re tb
Of Montana near the northern bounuddE Iatbead
United States between 5ne regon is unsuitable for
nttIament hut upon the rivers when nov t - a
denends the future agricultural &c i'nncress is
voSt tract of country. lie attention. " f' nublic
lii 20 the necessity of withdrawing nun i;,r
sale this part of the public domain ana eS'ao'i'i"9
there forest preserve
INDUSTRIAL EXPOsIT1oNs. =,
Tho industrial exhibitions which have been helu
in the United States during the preSon! vi .i,oro
trocted attention in many foreign countries ""'io
Tho announcement of those enterprises had peen
rnode nnblic through the foreign agencieS OIL 'ni'
government. The Industrial Exhibition az po SOL
and the Southern Exposition at LS9 fn;u conn
largely attended by the eThbtols Vi re re INV nro-
tries Notwithstanding the absence ol any Pi
foSsionoI character in those undcrtakingS' oor ot
I'll Vantennia Exposition to be held next !caI &C &C
New Orleans, in comlnemoritlohs VI no mort of the
the first Shipment of cotton IRON q P"Ic o tifving
1,itad States bids fair to meet with IKE Ianth ~
success Under the Act of CONGRESS 0l tie to he
Ntionaf and International in It's characters az l t
o;1n Governments with which the Uhltcu go. 80
maintain relations nave Deen nv nndcptaking have
Inc received assurances of the lively interest
which il excited abroad.
THE FEDERAL DISTRICT. .
Tho ranort of the Commissioners OF the DlNlrI't VI
! Columbia is herewith transmitted. laSh ioi 1t So"l
oorefnI attention, especially for those portions
| which relate to assessments allo'' VI
crease of water supply
| PROGRESS IN CIVIL SERVICE REfoRN'
The Commissioners who appointed under Inc
,ot If January 10. 1883 entitled An Act to rrgn-
! Ia.o aud improye the Civil Service OF the Ihl'eu
! States" entered promptly upon the di''h"ie' VI
,beir duties series of rules framed IN accordance
With the spirit of the statute was approved anu anu
! nronulrated by the President III SOM p a. IN
pharoiT they seemed defective those rules weI SUI
omuantIv amended. Ii will be perceived tna ,iltS
diSconntenance any political or religious te;.S lVl
| admission 10 those 0ihces Vi 'ii0 P"'i''
| vbich the statute relates. :. -. 4. .lo
Tba act il limited in its original application to the
classified cerkshps III the seNeIa EAccut!' - P1
ments at Washington numoeras Hotuc and most
TO similar positions in customs dlsIrdrIS m,
offices where as many as fifty persons are ellPloh:
classification of these positions alaiosIu1 ~ ad
| existing in the Washington oIilces W'S uuis .',
| hefnre The law went into effect. Eleven custplS
| districts and twenty-three post olhce' WIZ L
| brought under the immediate operation VI '"0
The annual report of the Civil Service Com
r,isson which will soon be submitted 10 congress,
will doubtless afford the means OF more dcnhite
id,nent than am now prepared to express as TO
tLe merits of the new system. ] am persuaded thdI
- effects have thus far proved benchcla US pIlf
ticaI methods appear to be adequate i1r me ch'ts
rronosed and there has been no serious dhculty III
CARRYING them into effect; Since the Ioth oI July
last no person. so far as am aware mas D'T nP
no;r+ed In the public service in the CLASSIFIED por,
lions thereof at any of the Departments or al any OF
fhe most Offices and customs districts ABOVE hihl'
except those certified by the Commission 20 Dc l1
most competent on the basis OF the eAil'''o9 "'iu
| in conformity to the rules
| THE EXECUTIVE SUCCESSION
At the time when the present Executive ehtered
unon his office, his death, removal, resignation OF
inability To discharge his duties wonld have left the
| Government without "a constitutional mead III II
nossible. of course that similar contingency may
again arise unless the wisdom of Congress snail pro
vide against its recurrence. The senate NJ us last
scg.ion after full consideration, passed an Act re-
afng 10 this subject, which now, trust, VIII com
mend itself to the approval OF DOM houses vi Oo-
The clause of the Constitution upon which must
| denrnd auv law regulating the Presidential sue
cession presents also for solution other questions OF
! paramount importance. These questions icAle 10
The proper Interpretation of the phrase inability To
discharge the powers and duties OF sald Once our
organic law providing tha4w lc Iitslucnt Snall
| suffer from such inability, the PRESIDENTIAL once
| shall deyolve upon the Nice-Prcsldent, who must
himself under like circumstances give place 10 such
| officer as Congress may by law appoint 10 act as
President | need not here set forth the numerous
| and interesting inquiries which are suggested ny
| tLase words of the Constitution. They were lully
| stated in nv first communication 10 Congress and
have since been the subject OF frequent deliberations
| in that body.
IL is greatly to be hoped that these momcntons
Questions will find speedy solution lest emergencies
NAV arise when longer delay will be impossible, aud
any determination, albeit the wisest, may furnish
| cause for anxiety and alarm.
THE VETO POWER.
For the reasons fully stated in my last annual
| message repeat my recommendation that Congress
| propose an Amendment to that provision of the
Constitution which prescribes the forlnalitco fol
the enactment of laws, whereby, in respect 20 bulls
for the appropriation of public moneys the EXecu
tive NAV be enabled while giving his approval "a
narticular items to nterpose his veto as TO sucl
others as do not commend themselves 10 ms Jndg
ment.
CIVIL RIGHTS.
| of tle Mt M