The National tribune., 1883-06-28
RURAL TOPICS,
Seine Practical Suggestions fer Our
Agricultural Readers.
BRIEF srAsoxAnLr u1xrs.

and other plants are 10 he traDsplanJoe with
least risk Of injury. A good deal depends upon
tae condition CT tie young plants; If they have
bccn growing ia crowded seed bed. ]; viii not
be practicable 10 get many roots when the
plants aro pulled up When this is the case,
The leaves should partially be removed, or
shortened one-Izslf before planting. If the
70 IS ere dipped into paddle of muddy soil, It
VIII help them. Another plan IS 70 make holes
with & pointed sick where the plants are 10 be
set, and III the holes with water; II IN addl-
ton 70 flis, the roofs are dipped in water be-
lore planting, success win De ali the more GER
tazn. AGo5heE eEqcdleat IS 10 lift the plants,
shorten the leaves somewhat. then set them in
q perfect y-shaded spot in a mass the roots laid
on q bed OF mud, and, ii sPrinkled with water
ahaut twice Day il VIII help them 10 make
fresh roots; after couple of days the plants
may be set ont with certainty OF gIoN;ng IlSlt
along, even should the weather be warm and
dry
II the earIicst-fo-1ncd strawberry runners are
properly cared fol, they caa he relied upon for
q maiu crop next summer. The best treat
lnent IS - insert q small flower pot filed with
rich sob so THAI the runner can be placed in it.
IN q tew weeks the pot will he lilcd with roots,
when d can 5e removed and the plant set out
ia SIS permanent quarters. IN the absence Of
fewer pets, which are rot always available,
tie s5.l can he Ioosene3 TO aid the young run
ncr 10 form roots. portion al sal placed so as
10 lasten the y0Ung plant liz place, aad the fur
Gaer progress OF the runner stepped by break
jug Il Of just beyond the. ars5 joint. Then,
sshen il has become vel rooted, Il can be care
fuzzy removed with tT0wel and set out with
cat checking growth. Ia TINS way the best
5zuitins plantations csn 6e relied upon; they
sr5i produce no1e ana better fruits than Older
piaris
Blackberry and raspberry plantations VIII
speedily ran iuto g.frOGCcfiVe thickets If the
nnE1Crous suckers are n9t hoed up. Select such
gFoWrhs as ere required 5or aeXt year, and treat
IA others as weeds. To he removed rs tley APP
pear. Those that ara retained sii8uld be topped
hen about three feet III height; this VIII make
them self supporting and more productive.
The young plants VIII he benefited by the re-
moVal OF TIE cid fTuitiHg stegsE IS soon as the
crop j. gathered; they are of 40 further value,
ard taeir removal is beneficial every way.
Trees that were planted last 1a and spring
VIII now be either growing well. or, having
made a feeble growth, are now apparently at
stand Still. The former VIII require no extra
attention IS they are making TOOLS freely, aud
IN quantities sufficient 20 supply All the moist
upe required by tbs foliage: bat the latter may
be assisted Il 50 faG SIS 10 stirring the soil over
tbeir roots and mulching; watering may be
needed. hut u0t unless the scH IS cutie dry.
Nha5 is really requisite is 70 diminish. as far
Is practicable, evaporation from the leaves and
bark Of tie plant II the branches have not
been prRDed. they may yet be shortened with
advantage; wrapping straw around tic stems
viii also be OF much valae. Trees that are
judioiousy trimmed at planting are more
likely 70 succeed than those whose branches
have NOT been shortened
u sowing seeds il IS good plan 20 be liberal.
to provide fer defective seeds or casualties
when negotiating, but 1t is stiif mere important
70 thin out the plants where they are TOO
thick; overerowd5ng ard 0vercropping are two
o. the most general evils of the times in FARM
ing and gardening. Tricky sown peas, for
instance, II tie plants are rot thinned ouf. give
weakly grGwths and 4 small cr0p of small pods:
The crop VIII lie doubled II the plants are thin
naa ont SO that they VIII be about four inches
apart So with bush beans corn, turn5ns. and
without exception. al crops. Crowded plants
fare nc better than crowded animals: indeed,
THEY fare sauch worse, because their feeding
ground IS Hfuited az wei; It is equivalent TO
trying TO Iced six aT fnaaison a quantity Of food
uot more than enough 70 properly feed one.
Muicling is quite as useful when applied 10
growing vegetables as il IS 10 trees The best
eroIs o. eabbagos and potatoes which We have
ever grown were malched b spreading some
long manure between the rows completely
covering The ground. Any loose mater, such
as leaves. cuttings Of grass, wilfed weeds chat,
&c, may be probably utilized for this purpose.
M2NUREG SOILS.
The object OF applying manure is to feed
plsnts. 4 mex soil. il full OF decompGsed or
cocolnposlHg vegetable matter, sach as may be
found IN rlcA bottom lands all over the world.
seems to possess al The elements required by
our cultivated plants; bat, by continued crop
ping. liley in time become exhausted aud cease
&c Produce a. formerly. Now, the question is
What do 6ley become exhausted of Chemists
VIII tel Us that certain mineral ingredients
have been used Up ard that, by applying so
- -. 81 ~ -
agaiE be restored. This. however. does not al
ways happen; and when it does. ifs action is
generally indirect by assisting deconposi ion
oi other matters. The universal and time
honored remedy Tor poor or WORKOUT soil is
animal laaaares, or rather, BARNARD manure
which Is nearly al organic matter For hum
oreas OF years this has kept up the fertility Of
lanGs, ana IS to-day the most popular of all
manurial applications. Is 4 unquestionabIy is
the most valuable. Plants are built upmainly
OF cases. and these gases are the result of de-
composing organic substances Rich lands are
simply lands II which this condition Is present
They are more OF les rich just in proportion
70 the quantity and quality Of the decaying
organic matter they contain, and any applica-
lael which via increase rapidly OF deconiposi-
ton VII be termed a manurial application, In
tie sense Of furnishing available plant food
Dtt what are known rs art fetal rlanures are
nos - be ignored, although they may not form
50 complete . fertilizer as tie barnyaTd ma
nufe. Many superphosBhates, for example. con-
taia several OF the ingredients used By plants.
tile same as they ind ID The barnvard manure.
ana their action is more immediate because
they ere n Ia0re soluble condition than IN the
fresh manure froIn the barn But this easv
soiubill;y may have its disadvantages Experi-
meats show that much Of the lnanurial ippre-
dents applied 10 soil becomes lost: that is. the
SCH loses applied ingredients TO a greater ex-
tenl tian they are appropriated By the plants.
ms loss is greatest whom the manures are of
Inc easiest sClubAity. Drainage, teaching and
soakage removes the soluble portion. CnItiya-
ton, which involves the stirring and exposure
q TIE manures TO the ozydzine influences Of
the atmosphere, also increases the tendencies
20 loss, because the soluble portions are carried
Of before The plants can appropriate them. This
tends 10 show that nanures NAV be too easily
soluble, and that the most profitable fertiiizing
materials arc those which gradually iiDerste
soluble matters as needed, or, at least. as they
can be used by plants. and in this respect barn
yard manIre has greatly the advantage over
most others.
CLIMATIC INFLUENCES OF OCEANS.
writer IA the Preirie Farmer in some re-
marks on the California climate, states that
Il Oroville, in Butte county, which is very
near the tortieth parallel Of north latitude OF
nlout l@y miles south Of the northern boundary
OF California, and about the same distance south
OF Tic city Of Boston, Massachusetts. oranges.
lemons lines, pOregranitcs and other semi
tropical irnits arc prodaced with as great or
a.. Il.