Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-16

seizures and the reduction of several
cities until, in 1852, the Emperor sued for
peace, and coded the French the posses
sions they now hold in Cochin China and
where most OF their colonists had planted
themselves long prior to the event. At
the time Of the treaty convention the
Tonquinese had risen against the Emperor.
and were advancing upon him on one side
while the French pressed bin on the
other. Once In possession under title, the
French extended their influence in the
country and lost no opportunity to en-
large their territory They pressed the
monarch for new concessions, and generally
made life 50 miserable for him that he
called upon the Emperor of China to be.
friend him, and in return proposed to
acknowledge the right OF China as his
Suzerain, to whom feslty and tribute was
due. This led the French 70 demand a
new treaty, which was made in 1874, the
French recognizing the royal claims in full
independency Of the Emperor of AMMAN,
bat exaeting conditions which placed him
in their power for all practical purposes.
The foreign Offices Of the Empire were to
be controlled by the French, Christians to
be protected, the chief ports thrown open
to European nations, and the Red river to
be made free for navigation by the French,
and the export by them of theeich woods
and abundant products of the country
along its banks, which include rice, sugar,
I tobacco, cinnamon, tea, spices, minerals,
etc. For time the French were unmo-
Tested On the river, but the Touquinese
soon began to annoy them. Bands of
Tapping rebels driven from China fell upon
and massacred them; small potentates
forbade them entering stretches of the
river within certain bounds Tonquineae
robber bands and rebels assailed them and
drove them back down the river with
heavy Losses, and thus the stream was
practically closed to them. Negotiations
opened with China in this year, relative to
brigands from her soil in Ionquin, resulted
in her offering to recognize a French pro-
tectorate over Tonquin, with tract of
land on the north border, to be known as
neutral ground, on which China should
have certain privileges the French to
have the right to navigate the Red river,
and to continue their exporta. But
as this amounted to a recognition
of the suzerainty of China over Tonquin,
the French Government refused to accept
the proffer. 1t then notified the Emperor
of Amman of his inability to protect the
French in their treaty rights, and that the
latter would undertake the task them.
selves. He was asked to recognize this
I right, and the occupation OF the territory
1 by FIench forces, and their right to collect
! taxes and duties, for which he should be
/ guaranteed his crown and one-third the
revenues, the remainder being applied to
expenses of government in Tonquin and
the construction of public works. The
Emperor of China has given counsel to the
/ Emperor of AMMAN not to consent, and
/ has promised to aid him in resistance, and
on this issue the war has opened. The
| treaties between AMMAN and France have
been as greatly to the advantage of the
former as the latter. French establishment
in Tonquin meant the opening up of very
rich country, the products of which COM
mand a high price. France has never shown
disposition to Cypress the Tonquinese or
deprive them Of the just profits of their
products. Her course has been that of a
civilized nation, and such occupancy as she
has maintained in the country has greatly
benefited this heather people, enriched
the industrious, bettered the condi.
ton of the poor, built up a large
trade for the nation, and tended to
break down that miserable policy of
closed ports, commercial exclusion and a
sealed interior that has marked the course
OF China, and which she would be glad to
impress upon AMMAN. But, on the other
hand, all France has done has been for her
own ACKNOWLEDGMENT, and it is necessary
now to convince the world that she has not
lost vigor in her foreign policy. But with
her usual rashness she proposes now to con-
troll the entire Annamese peninsula on the
east side, and to open up a new route to
the province of Yunan. Instead of send
ing out a Sufficient force to do this, she
moved but 500 infantry to the relief of
Hanoi This led the Tonquinese to under.
estimate the strength Of their adversary,
and they went over to the Chinese agents
sent on. to disaifect them. The King, who
might have been turned from the intrigues
of China, carried on at the court OF Hue
for the last six years, saw Tonquin turn
against the French, and was thus encour.
aged to coalesce with his imperial neigh
Dor, and as result long and unques-
tionably bloody and costly war is thrown
upon the hands of the Republic, which at
the same time has troubles TO contend with
in quarters much nearer home.
THE WAR AMONG THE DOCTORS.
The American Medical Association at
Cleveland last week refused to hear the