davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
Flooding the Sahara.

The only important objection which
has thus far been urged against the un-
dertaking has arisen in the apprehen-
sions expressed by few scientists that
the evaporation produced by so large
and so shallow body of wnter, exposed
to the tropical sun, would be sufficient
to deluge northern Europe with mcess-
ant rains, and to reduce materially the
temperature in all the countries north
of the Alps. 1t has even been feared
that winds freiVhted with moisture on
crossing tho cold submits of the Alps.
would preclpitate vast volumes of water
and produce a degree of cold which
would give Denmark and northern Ger.
many semi-Arctlc climate and produce
a glacial epoch farther north. Is it not
probable that all such apprehensions
arise out of q Misunderstanding as to
the topography of the Sahara and North
Africa2 The entire region to be flooded
is practically shut in by mountain. chains
on all sides. The Atlas Mountains on
the north, lifting their snow clad peaks
in some instances 1900 feet. afford O.
sufficient bulwark for the protection Of
Europe from increased humidity, The
only possible northernly outlet for air
currents from Ell Juf you'd be across
Iunistina hoftheasterly direction over
the widest part OF the Mediterranean.
Currents moving in that direction, if
they reached Europe ut all, would touch
tho shores of Greece after they had lost
most Of their humidity. M. de Lessons.
after carefnl examination of tho
question, is convinced that it would
result in the general improvement of the
climate of Europe rather than to it's
detriment, The advantage OF the in
creased evaporation to North Africa
cannnot be over-estimated. The snow
Glad cliffs of Aban. lying to the east OF
the proposed sea, and the Kong Noun.
talns to the south, would bring down
upon the parohed desert grateful rains.
which, with the assistance of cultivation,
would in time no doubt redeem thous-
ands OF square miles from the desolation
of the sands.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
The Psrfumery Trade.

Some kinds Of perfumery are worth
their weight in gold. The export OF
hne perfumery is principally from
Grasse, Nice, Cannes and Bremen.
The business is divided into two parts.
The manufacturer extracts from the
flowers their essential oils The per-
fumer buys these oils,\ pomades and
extracts, and compounds them IN seye
raj ways,
Only about a dozen of all the fragrant
flowers in the world are used in tho
manufacture of perfumery, viz: the
violet, rose, orange flower, jasmine,
tuberose, cassie, lavender, thyme, rose
mary, Reraniums, Jonquil and fennel,
The rose amt the orange aEe.ihe most
valuable. OF the numerous varieties
of the rose, only one is used, the Prov.
1noe rose, single, pale pink, the most
sweet smelling OF roses; not hardy.
Picking for perfumery occurs in al
most every month of the year. It is
a paradoxical fact in the business that
the bitter orange yields the best bios
SONS for perfumery. One ton of bios
SONS yields two pounds eight ounces of
oil neruli. The fruit OF the bitter
orange yields u very fine essential oil,
bigarade. 1t is used in many scents.
Tne orange tree, cultivated for its oil.
lasts with care over 200 years.
One ton Of the distilled leaves of the
scented verbena geranium yields from
"a to 80 ounces of the essential oil.
The flowers of the jasmine are picked
just after sunset i'll July, and In the
morning, as soon as the dew is oil, in
August. The jasmine is peculiarly
delicnte flower. Its essential oil is SO
volatile that it cannot be extracted by
distillation, the heated water decompos-
ing it is 30 that only FAINT tinge Of
the, perfume is left in the water that
pnsses through the refrigerant.
Like the jasmine, the oil of the tube-
rose cannot be extracted by distillation.
The perfume Of the cassie is much used
in compounds. The process Of manu-
featuring perfumes is in itself very
interesting, especially to the ladies.
A ton OF roses yields only two ounces
of the altar. If kept at temperature
below GO deg, altar crystalizes; if kept
open to the air and light, it is easily
volatized. Perfumed oils are made by
putting fresh quantities of flowers INTO
the finest of virgin olive oil from 20 to
~ different times. The essential oil of
flowers has n strong affinity to lard or
grease. The latter, rendered as white
as snow, is perfectly saturated with the
flowers. The process is repeated many
tunes. In this way we huve pomade
of rose, cassie and violet. The affinity
OF the perfume of flowers for alcohol is,
however, stronger than for grease.
Pomades, immersed in alcohol, are
rendered into extfacts,s the grease leay-
ing the perfume. 1t is safe to say that.
among the numerous articles of toilet.
the manufacture OF perfumed pomades,
perfumed oil and high priced perlumery
generally is as q sealed book to many
persons.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
WflnleDOne.

The principal application Of whalebone
now is that in making whips and corsets.
Steel has mostly displaced whalebone in
umbrellas and parasols. Some years ago
umbrella ribs wero made III France of au
excellent imitation of whalebone (not dis.
tinguishable, indeed, till fracturcd):
but 1t ls no longer heard of. Genuine
whalebone is often made white and used
with garments Of muslin or the like, not
being seen through these 80 easily as tho
dark sort. The newest application of
whalebone is that to hats: it Is cut Into
fine strips and lnterlaccd with straw.
Such hats are very dear. Another novel;
ty ls "~halebone ribbon" For this white
whalcbone is generally used. aud the
shaving is 40 thin that ordinary print can
be read through 1t. 1t is often colored
blue, rcd, or green, and used ny saddlers
in making roscttcs. Walking sticks of
whalebone are also In good demand. The
exceptionally thick strips cut for this pur..
pose are rounded by being drawn through
holes IN a steel plate. Billiard pads of
whalebone must be very smooth and cut OF
a certain exact thickness. Fishing rods
are maoe of two carefully worked strips
of whalebone with thick silk thread wound
around them. Penholders and other small
alt:cles are made OF whalebone at the lathe
Tho hair cut off tho raw whalcbone was
formerly used for brushes, but 1t Is now
mostly replaced by other materials. 1t is
largely crlsped and used as filling for
mattresses. This list by no means ex
hausts the uses of wbaiebone, which ls
continually being applied IN new ways.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
The EiephanI and tho Joke.

The Rev. Mr.. Watson gives a very
curious story in illustration of this anil
mal's wonderful long memory of a wrong
suffered. One of those pests of society.
"a practical JOKER" visited caravan in
Wet Of England Fair and tried his
stupid tricks upon an elephant there. lie
hrst doled out to 1t. one by one, some
gingerbread nuts, and when the grateful
snims! was thrown Of its guard he sud.
aenly profered 1t large parce! wrapped
IN paper. The unsuspicious creature ac-
ccpted and swallowed the lump, but I'M
mediately began to exhibit signs of intense
su11erlne, and snatchtDg up bucket
handed 1t to the keeper Tor water. This
being given to 1t, it eagerly swallowed
quantities OF the fluid. "Ha |" cried the
delighted Joker, 81 guess those nuts were
trlhe hot, old fellow" You had better
be off," exclaimed the keeper, "unless
you wish the bucket at your head,n ,fhe
TOOL took the hint only dust in time, for
the enraged animal, having finished the
sixth buekettul, hurled the bucket after
It's tormcntor with such force that had he
fingered a moment longer his life might
have been forfeited. The affair had not
however, yet concluded. The following
year the show revisited the same town,
anu the foolish joker, like men Of his
genus, unable to profit by experience,
thought to repeat his stupid trick on the
elephant. He took two lots Of nuts into
The show with him-sweet nuts in one
pocket and hot in the other. The ele-
phant had not forgotten the jest played
upon him and therefore accepted the
cakes very cautiously. At last the Joker
protfercd hot one; but no sooner had
the injured creature discovered It's pung-
ency than 1t seizen hold of lis prosecutor
ny the coat-talIs, hoistcd him up by them
and held HIM until tlcy gave way, when
ne Iell to the ground. The elephant now
inspected the severed coat-talls, which,
after he had discovered and eaten all the
sweet nuts, he tore to rags and flung after
their discomf1tted owner.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
Enormous Eaters.

For many years there iyed in Albany
or Waterford man named Peter Ellis,
or Ellison. He died about three years
ago. At the time of his death lie must
have been near seventy years of age.
The writer saw him at Saratoga Springs
in the summer of 1876. He was then a
large, loose-mado, big-boned man, not
much under six feet in height. He was
known as most enormous eater. A
dressed turkey, weighing twenty -one
pounds, was roasted, and Oh wager
Ellison ate the whole of it at one sitting,
or within about the usual time occupied
at dinner, together with bread and some
KIND o. Wine. A dozen years ago New
York sporting man made All offer in the
way OF bet to the late John Morrissey
that he could produce man who would
eat twenty three pound dressed turkey
roasted, and when he named Peter ELI
son as his man, Mr.. Morrissey said. II
know the man, and tile offered bet was
not accepted.
At the time alluded to, when the
writer met Peter Ellison, the old man
related the particulars of al eating
match between another man and himself
which took place many years before ut
Snediker's, on Long Island, then q we'll
known roadside inn much frequented
by lovers of the horse. The dinner was
to consist of broiled spring chickens,
bread nnd wine. The chickens were to
be split open at the back, and broiled
whole, or, as Peter termed it, s'in
spread eagle STYLE" and each man to
take the half given him by the carver
and referee. Ellison ate thirty-two
halves, being, sixteen chickens, and won
the bet.
In the spring of 1845, ut the season of
making maple sugar, a student of the
seminary at Manchester, VT. Albert
Pettibone, then 19 years old, after eating
what he wanted of hot maple sugar at
the sugar house of his father, in that
town, finished up by eating twenty-four
hard-boiled eggs. This was Witnessed
by number of Pettibone's fellow stu.
dents, whom he had invited to the sugar
house to eat maple sugar and see the
process of "sugarlng of.
During the first cholera season in this
country, that of 1882, two women living
in the Marcley, or Kniskerpkorf neigh-
borhood, now III the town of Esperance,
Sohoharie county, sat down by them
selves to q dinner of boiled green corn.
After eating awhile they bantered one
another rs to which could eat the most
Of that succulent dish when green and
properly boiled. One of the women ate
twenty-six ears of corn and the other
twenty-nine. The latter felt NO i'll effects
from her extraordinary meal. The other:
was almost Immediately taken sick and
died within thirty six hours. The doc
tor said she died Of Asiatic cholera.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
A Revolutionary hero.

In accordance with O vote of the
town of Framingham last April, tho
committee IN charge Of the matter has
placed neat granite memorial over the
grave OF Peter Salem, bearing the fol.
lowing inscription: "Peter Salem, o
Soldier of the Revolution. Died Au-
gust 16, 1916. Concord, Bunker Hill,
Saratoga. Erected by the town, 1882. :"
Peter Salem was the negro man who
particularly distinguished himself In
the Revolutionary War by shooting
down Major Pitcairn at the battle of
Bunker Hill, as he was mounting re-
doubt and shouting, "The day is oursl"
Pitcairn fell back into the arms OF his
son. Peter Salem served faithfully In
the war for seven years In the compa--
MES OF minute men under the command
of Captain John Nixon and Captain
Simon Edgell, of birmingham, and
came. out OF il unharmed. He was
slave, and was owned originally by
Captain Jeremiah Belknap, OF Franz
ingham, being sold by HIM to Major
Lawson Buckminster, of that town, lie
becoming o free man when lie Joined
the army.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
TRI-W EEKLY EDITION
VANISHED HOURS.

Where are they gone, those dear dead days,
Those sweet past days Of long age,
Whose ghosts go floating to and fro
When evening leads us through her maze?
Where are they gone7 Ahi who can tell?
Who weave once more that lonR-passed spell? ?
They did exist when we were young,
We met our life with strength and trust,
we deemed all things were pure aud just,
Nor knew life had o double tongue
We lightly sang happy song, .e
Nor dreamed our way could e'er be wrong.
And then all changed; as life went by,
The friend deceived or bitter death
Smiled as he drank our dear one'a breath,
Ana would not let us also die,
Day followed day; as on they went
Each took some gift that life had sent.
Yet 1t was ours, that perfect past
we did nave DAYS that knew no pain,
We once had friends death had not taken,
And flowers and songs that could not last
We're ours in that most blessed time,
When earth seemed Heavens enchanted CLINE
And 30 think, when lights burn low
And all the house ls fast asleep,
From out D silence vast and deep
Those dear dead days we worshiped so,
Breathe on us from their hidden store
Their long-lost peace, their faith once more.
God keep those dear old times; all me
Beyond our vision they may rest
Til ON some perfect day ana blest
Once more those dear dead days will be,
For death, who took all, may restore
The past we loved, to us once more.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06

and each made the other strong to labor
and to wait, and love made labor o
pleasure. But he was young and un-
known, and people not so quarrelsome
as they might have been, so the money
they had saved from teaching grew less
daily.
TT would hurt my reputation to have
bills in the city, and have been think
ing where can hire a little money" he
said one evening. =
live on bread and water, potatoes and
salt, any starvation diet than have q
debt dragging you down. will open q
select school, until people grow to ap.
praeoiate you."
"You have enough to do now"
II haven't half enough. shall rust
out. And you give free lecture, show
your talent, get into the papers. We
have been Micawber long enough"
IF had your energy--"
elf you haven't, who has? when I
gave myself to you, do you think I re-
served my energy"
You have reserve energy enough for
two." .
''Then let us call up our reserve forces
and give battle to the worIdr'
80, Harriet, you ore jewel"
~ certainly do not propose to be q
milestone"
The lecture was given, the school was
opened, cases came to the lawyer and
steadily, but slowly at first, came money.
They became leaders in church work
and literary circles, and positions Of
trust and honor were laid at their feet.
And when the Brooks mansion, it's
books, pictures and statuary were sold,
Edward bought and paid for all
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
bright star OF Morning.
Venue IS the morning star, the brightest

Venue IS the morning star, the brightest
and fairest of tho throng that grace the
morning sky. She rises now three hours
before the sun, shining with the serene
radiance that distinguishes her, and con-
tipues to be visible long after the lesser
Stars have melted away. On the 10th at
two O'Clock IN the morning Venus reaches
her greatest western elongation. Here
her westward course ends. She Is 40 de.
grees % minutes west of the sun and can
90 no farther from him. Tue inexorable
laws that rule her movements compel her
to retrace her steps. 1t is easy 10 keep
the run of their paths, especially in the
case OF Venus. No planet of the system
presents 80 many points OF interest or ia
go closely allied to the planet Oh which
we dwell as Venus. She is our nearest
neighbor except the moon, is nearly like
the earth IN dimensions. In the. length of
her day and night, in the possession of at
mosphere and in the probable mountainous
conditions of her surface. Besides she
gratltes our aesthetic perceptions by being
the most beautiful Star the eve beholds
and che is the only planet that is visible
IN the presence Of the MONDAY sun. She
is therefore most interesting planetary
study. Those who were eye witnesses
of her recent transit have tangible point
from whlchto commence observation. They
saw tor themselves the inferior coniunc-
tlon when Venus passed between the
earth and the eun, tue transit when pas
sing over the suns disc, she changed from
from an evening to morning star, de-
serting the suns eastern SIDE and appear
ing upon his western side. Since that
time She has been moving westward, ris-
ing earlier every morning, passing her
p, riod Of greatest briliiancy aud turning
more OF her illumined surface towards
us.
On the 10th change occurs. She IS
stationary for few days and then COM
mences to make her way back towards
the sun, for she has passed her western
elongatlon, one of the four prominent
points in her path. She will move slow
ly, retracipg her steps towards the sun,
until she reaches superior conjunction III
September and completes her course as
morning star and completes alsu half her
synodic period. Observers, following tho
path Of tue beautiful star, will see thu.
after clongalion she rises later and that her
bright face perceptibly pales until she ap-
proaches the sun 50 closely as to be lost
to view in his bright beams. She is a
charming object III the telescope during
the mouth, shining as crescent until
elongation, then taking on the lovely as
pect of a half moon.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
Russian Couraxe.

l should rather incline to think that
nero courage Is more general among RUS
SLAMS than among any other people nova
days. mean the unreasonable, irrcspon-
siblc readiness Of dog to risk life and
liberty upon provocation. Not more vo
iunteers rush out, when q desperate enter
prise is meoted, than from our own ranks;
more than all is a mathematical absurdity.
But the Engllshman stakes his life In
another. a grander spirit. He feels and
reckons with the peril. Before meeting
1t, 30 far as have seen examples, he IS
quiet, thoughtful, contemplating tho worst
and making the arrangements. A Russian
scorns all Of that, does not even think OF
1t. After assuring himself, rather roughly,
that the needful dispositions have been
made, he becomes the lightest-hearted of
the company 10 which he hastens, I do
not say affects to become, tor it may we'll
be that deadly Llger stirs him to mirth,
as 1t stirs another man equally as brave to
self-commune. ! cannot forget an.instance
on Radisovo fill the morning Of the great
attack. An infantry regiment stood at
ease In the ram, waiting the order to des-
cend into that valley blind with smoke
echoing with thud OF guns and angry
crackle of musketry. The colonel and u
staff captain approached and asked us to
accept charge Of letters for their wives, to
be forwarded IN case of accident. Then
they stood chatting Of London and Paris
with the warmth Of men whose hearts were
there, though the battle ragged closer, and
q ball now and then spun muslcally about
their heads. They asked the precise story
of a scandal half forgotten now, and their
shrewd comment told they were attending
closely when an aide came galloping
through the mist. Three minutes after
" w.rd The doomed regiment filed away down
toward the valley of death.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06

The Hair. TO prevent the ha,r from
falling out, apply once week a wash
made of one quart of boiling water, ono
ounce of nulverizcd borax, and half an
ounce owdered camphor. Rub on with
a sponge or piece of flannel.
M. .tgQmery, Alabama, expects to
handle lao, 900 bales of cotton this sea-
son.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06
Needed more Land,

While some fishermen In the a AtIlrondack
region were digging worms one day last
fall, on piece of cleared land, the owner
suddenly appeared and demanded five dol
lars damages.
Damages! - echoed one Of tho fisher.
mon, "why, there are no crops here"
II know it--no crop but worlns. You
don't euppose d be foolish enough. to try
to ralse wheat or corn here, do you2''
''And do you call two dozen worms
worth five doilars2"
II shall have to. That will be my only
income this whole season from eighty
acres, and you see must have some little
return or move Off.
lie was given his choice between &C
cepting halt a dollar or licking the crowd :
and he pocketed the coin with the mourn.
ful observation:
''Ehis will never, never do. I see I'll
have to buy In at least 30, 900 acres to get
income enough to keep patches on my
knees. I"
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-03-06

ERsK1NE's epitaph: "My Lord, said
DR.. Parr to Erskine, whose conversa-
ton had delighted him, ''should you die
first i mean to write your epitaph." !"
cdr. Parr," was the reply, ut is a temp
tation to commit snicide. rs
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1883-04-14
A DAYS EVENTS.
A BOLD SOUTHERN OUTLAW SHOT.

Additional Details OF the Death OF William
Pritchard-Lsto News Brought
by the Malls.
William Pritchad. who was shot at
Raleigh, N. c., Friday, by Constables
BurlesOn, was notorious outlaw, and for
five years has been operating in the wild
est part of North Carolina, in the lofty
mountains of the Blue Ridge. He shot
seven men, killing one, has stolen horses
and cattle and has counterfeited money
Three years ago he was outlawed, but es
capped capture by slipping from county to
county, living like beast of prey. He
has repeatedly been sought for by United
States and state officers. Yesterday two
brothers, James and E. Burleson, both
constables, found Pritchard at the
house OF his brother-in.law, named
Keese Blalock. They had warrants for
both Pritcbard and Ruth Carpenter, his
mistress, who was also in the house.
Pritchard who was q powerful man and
armed, made no attempt at resistance, but
said the woman was too sick to be taken
from the house, and asked E. Burleson to
go for doctor who lives half a mile away.
Scarcely had Burleson gone when Pritch-
ard seized gun and snapped it at James
Burleson. Quick as thought the latter
fred and shot him in the breast with his
heavy revolver. The noise of firing brought
back Edward Burleson, and both brothers
opened fire upon Pritchard. He fought
like demon, attempting to club out the
brains of the constables with the gun.
The woman aided IN the fight. Pritchard
was shot twice in the head, twice in the
breast, and died on the floor. Both con-
stables and the woman were painfully
| injured.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1883-04-14
THE JEFFERSON ANNIVERSARY.

nfg Assemblage Of Prominent IndlviduaIp.
The anniversary of the birth of Thomas
jefferson was celebrated by a reception
and banquet given by the Iroquois club in
Chicago last night. About 800 leading
Democrats of Illinois were present, and
letters of regret were read from Wade
Hampton, General H. w. Slocum, Judge
Stephen Field, of the U. 8. supreme
court Hon. w. R Morrison, of Illinois ::
Ex-Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania !;
Abram s. Hewitt, of New York General
Winfield 8. Hancock, General George B.
cClellan, and Hon. Samuel J. Randall.
Addresses were made by Senator Bayard,
of Delaware Hon. James A. Broad.
head. of Missouri; Col. Breckenridge, of
Kentucky; Colonel Villas, Of Wisconsin;
Hon. Lyman Trumbull, of Illinois E. z.
Wheeler, of New York William Henry
Hurlbert, of the New York World; Gen.
J. C. Black, of Illinois; Congressman
Springer, of Illinois, and Carter Harrison,
mayor of Chicago. The associated press
telegram reporting tho celebration says
During the day the rooms of the club
were filled with visitors, and presidential
chances were canvassed at length. The
general drift of opinion seemed to favor
J. Tilden for the Democratic standard.
bearer in 1884"