Daily globe., 1883-08-10

ually soorohed, are injurious, and
when the fire actually destroys the timber,
the coil is also 80 debilitated as to prevent
the reproduction of the forest for a long
term of years. For a preventative against
| such fires the European plan of open
| spaces or avenues is recommended.
TECHNOLOGY OF WHITE PINE.
Mr.. John S. Hicks, of Roslyn, L. L.,
submitted few remarks upon the tech
nology of white pine, in which be showed
that the timber could be successfully
grown, and that the texture of the second
growth was frmer than in the first, and
the growth much more rapid, and as con-
clusion he held that white pine could be
proftably grown.
Ex-Gov. Furnas, by request, informed
| the congress of matter exciting some at
tention in Nebraska, viz: That the con-
centric rings of trees is no criterion of the
age of the tree. As rule, Mr.. Furnas
said the number of rings were in excess of
the age of the tree, bur he had found one
| specimen. the age of which was absolutely
known, which bore less rings than the age
of the tree. He had another specimen
which contained two rings for every years
growth. o-ee -a5 lrl.e-7f
Prof. Budd, of Iowa, invited atte ention to
a specimen of white poplar, grown on
the Iowa Agricultural college farm.
1t was close grained timber,
does not warp or shrink, and
thought it would prove good substitute
for the white pine. The specimen showed
| more than thirty rings, while its actual
age was not more than fifteen years. In
answer to question, Prof. Budd said his
experience in propagating this poplar
from twig cuttings had not been very en-
couraging. Root cuttings, however, were
of quick and strong growth, and twig cut
tings put out in the fall generally did
well.
/; Mr.. Foster, of Iowa, said he had found
in trees he had raised and cut-the catalpa
J-the rings corresponded with the age of
the tree. He noticed, however, that there
was great difference in the width separat-
i ing the rings, but he was not prepared to say
that the rings were unerring indications
of the age of the tree. Mr.. Foster also
stated that he had grown a white pine, not
| yet thirty years old, which was twenty
| seven inches in diameter, which convinced
him that that timber could be successfully
| grown.
Prof. Budd said that he had notice d that
in dry seasons trees would produce two
| rings. -
Mr.. MINER, of Illinois, said he had cut
this spring two pine trees he knew to be
thirty years of age, in which the rings cor
responded with the age, and in his opinion
if the gentlemen would look little further
they would find that the timber in
which the rings did not agree
with the age, they would find it was in
cultivated timber. Nature never pro-
duced a double flower. Cultivation did
that. So, in his opinion, was the ring
| question, cultivation did the business. AS
to substitute for white pine, he thought
the reproduction of that wood itself was
the cheapest and the best.
Pref. G. E. Bessey, of Ames, Iowa, took
the position if two rings were produced in
one season, there must have been two sep
arate and distinct peIiods of growth that
| season, and he asked that each member of
| the congress resolve himself into com
mittee of one to study the subject in read
iness for the next meeting.
ASSOCIATION OF INTERESTS IN FOREST CUL
Dr.. Hough read paper upon the advis-
ability and economy of ass ociation of in
terests in forest culture, in which the
operation of such system in portions of
Europe were cited and explained, the pur-
port of the paper generally being favor
able to such associations of interests.
The next paper was by the same author,
DR.. F. B. Hough, son the maintenance AMI
renewal OF forest tree plantations upon
| the prairies.
Both papers were accepted and ordered
| placed on file.
FORESTRY AS PART OF PRACTICAL EDUCA-
TIoN. ..
An interesting paper was read by Hon. j.
G. Jolly, of Quebec, upon forestry as part
of practical education,' in which the writer
advocated that the study of forestry
should form part of the primary ednca-
ton of the children of the country a.
ENL1sTING THE SCHOOLS IN FORESTRY.
AS corralry of the above, Prof. Ed
ward Daniels, of st. Paul, read paper
upon the Importance of enlisting the
schools in the study of forestry. The i'm
portance was generally acknowledged,
and as one result we now, have
| Aruor Uay anu OLner oDSerVanceS. Inc
ignorance of the general public of the
matter is surprising. Fifty years ago a
large majority of the people lived in the
country and small villages. Now the peo-
pie are gathered in the great cities, and
some substitute for the lost opportunities
of the past must be provided for. Fifty
years ago the school education of the boy
was only a few months in the year, but he
knew the animals and their habits, the
timber, the flowers, the fruits and the soil .
His school was natures storehouse, and the
boys and girls of forty years were better
grounded in practical knowledge than are
those of to-day, and the only way the
boy of to-day can be educatad in these
practical matters is to introduce the study
of forestry into the schools, eat least so far
as the names and characters of different
trees, plants and flowers. The children
should also be encouraged to plant small
| patches of trees in the school grounds, to
which might be added the school garden,
| quite extensively introduced in Germany.
| The paper was received and placed on
| file.
| TREE PLANTING.
| At this Doint Prof La zanhv Of Ohio