davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
Wagon W heel Gap.

This Gap in COLORADO has an interest
ing history. Its name is odd and there
IS nothing in the PHYSICAL formation of
the place to suggest so odd name.
Only circumstance, an incident, gave
this funny name. 1t was in 1851, dur
ing the Baker expedition to the San
Juan. He had created great excite
ment by the report of the discovery of
rich placer mines in the Juan county.
then the home of the Ute IDdians. Ii
was terrible experience for the hun
dreds of poor fellows who followed Mr..
Baker over the mountains of Colorado
to make their fortunes. Those who did
not starve to death, or die of exposure,
re. urned to their homes, i'm the East,
swearing vengeance on Baker, who kept
out of the way. The rich gold mines
now owned by Senator Bowen, in the
Summit district, is the region discov-
cred by Baker, and to which he tried to
lead these men. 1t was here he lost his
way, his provisions gave out, and his
m N, many of them, took sick and died
from exposure, and SO this expedition,
which had started out with such bright
hopes, had a sad ending. In picking
their way up the narrow passage between
the shores of the Rio Grande river and
the bluffs of granite rising to height
of l, 800 feet, on reaching the end of the
canon they found a number of broken
wagoh-wheels, broken axle5, and other
parts of wrecked wagons. They knew
not how this debris came here, but sup
posed the Indians had murdered some
emlgrants or pioneers and DESTROYED
their conveyance. But this incident
was sufficient to name the spot Wagon
wheel Gap" There was much specula-
tion as to where this agon debris came
from. 1t was afterwards learned that
these wheels, etc.. were the remnants of
the Fremont expedition of 1S4S. Ere
mont was on his way to the Pacific
through the canon of the Rio Grande,
and took an outlet by this narrow Gap
The hardships and suffering which he
and his men endured in hunti g for this
route were beyond conception. Winter
set In, and the snow lay on the ground
very deep. Realizing the folly of NOV
ing on Fremont decided 20 go into
winter quarters he selected wooded
spot few miles from the gap, but the
cold and snow during this terrible
winter was more than even these hardy
men could endure many of them died
from exposure the cattle also died. |
At last the pathfinder found it necessary
to march with all speed to point south |
of Santa Fe, recruit his band and secure
horses and cattle. 1t is no wonder that |
his wagons tumbled from the rough |
trail and were broker on the rocks be-
low. 1t has been said, there is nothing |
in a name" There seems to have been
something in this one.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
Bon Ton Paper.

"Tbe latest agony in fashionable
writing paper is the dove and turtle
green shades. of note size," said the
manager of the stationery department
of a large book store, in answer to AN
inquiry. "As you see, they are really
yery pretty colors, and there Is large
demand for them. Blues of all tlnts
continue to be fashionable.
ais there anything specially new In
the shapes of papers"
.sNo. it is only in the shades, the
regular sized commercial note being
the standard thing. In correspondence
cards this style, known as the ragged
edoe /, is still the favOrite. You Will
&c that we also have large lme OF
ttese cards which are stamped or hand
nainted in the corner. The designs
mostly asked for are those decorated
W." .eyVbat direction does fashionable
taste take:in the matter of calling cards!'
I'll 81 I,ioht weight cards are the proper
.,;ng ladies using the large size and
gentlemen the small:
..And how about dinner cards".
ssThe small hand-painted ones are
nostIv used. We have a variety OF
a;fsrsnt iGS figures, but the favorite ones
ar arn landscapes and flowers. Silk dinner
ards are still called for, put not 81
much as formerly. Here Is line OF
the the same kind which are attracting d
Ia @ deal of attention. You see they
go 49, of ali shades, and they have these
az s...,a silver and gilt Venetian orna-
"eI.s ..Ts there anything especially new
coming out for the holiday trade In
"..iIe aNo' not any new style in shape tint tint
s;1e ' Everything new in this line
Oa Ssems ms to be IN the way Of handsome some
see h;nets for holding paper. l nave
eaD esen some lovely designs in them, une ne
sesi, %sterials mostly used in their co ns'r ac'
iln .nn are silk, plush and leather
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05

As every American knows who ha!
visited London, the underground rail
way system is one of the most extraor
nary systems Of locomotiOn in the world
Subterranean London is literally hoLey
combed bv tunnels branching off in al
directions, SD that, while wagons anG
hansoms rumble overhead, innumera
bic trains shrek and groan as they
thread their way in darkness beneath
the busy thoroughfares. When it wa:
proposed to construct this underground
railway system, much opposition wa:
made to the scheme. 1t was believed
that the laundering of the trains would
shake down the houses above. and that
to enter the long tunnels would be Ger
tain death to any person venturesome
enough to attempt it.
When the opposition was overcome
after long struggle between the pro.
mOters and the citizens, and the first
portion of the system was completed, il
was soon discovered that instead of the
underground railways being a public
danger, they were in reality a great
public benefit. They took an enormous
amount of traffic off the already crowded
public thoroughfares, and provided a
speedy means of communication with
the most distant parts of the metropolis
such as was impossible under the old
fashioned modes of traversing the
streets of London. Indeed, it is owing
to the underground railway system that
the English metropolis now possesses
means of rapid communication such as
is possessed by no other large city in the
world. The system consists of two
rings of subterranean tunneling-an
inner and an outer. The outer ring was
long ago completed. Within the next
six months the inner circle will be CON-
pleted, at a cost of something like S15,-
OOO, 900 a mile. Underground London
will then be ramifed by complete re-
ticulation OF tunnels, and it will be pos
sible to reach any part of the gigantic
suburbs in less than an hour.
When the original objectors to the
underground railway system appeared
before the promoters, they based their
opposition to the scheme mainly on two
grounds-that it would cause a vast
diminution in the value of property,
and that the noxious vapOrs and the
locomotive smoke would prove highly
to public health and safety.
Neither of these objections has been
seriously realized. Where proper
ty was injured the Metropolitan Rail-
way Company gave compensation; and
as for foul yapOrs, all danger from that
source was Obviated by the numerous
air holes which were bored through the
roof of the tunnel, and the open charac-
ter which was given to all the stations.
One danger, however, which was not
dreamed of in connection with the un-
railways, was the presence of
internal machines in the tnnnels, and
the instantaneous death and injury of
passengers by their explO-
sion. The terrible affairs which occur
red in London of late, cannot be attri-
buted to an explosion of fire damp.
With trains travelling continuously at
three minute intervals through the tun-
nels, foul air would inevitably be driven
through the air holes or out at the open
stations. which are situated at very
short distances from each other.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05

An ingenious method of orpamenting
walls, ceilings, paper hangings, etc. has
been patented. This invention consists
in preparing the wall with thin layer
of plastic material consisting OF white
lead, whiting. plaster of Paris and oil OF
turpentine, and producing relief Orna-
ments of various designs upon this plas-
tic mass by means OF combs or other
suitable implements.
In Corea the social position of women
is very low. They count for nothing
In the eyes Of the law and are wholly
without influence. There is one pleas
ant side to this fact-they are rot held
responsible for their actions. Theo have
no wedding ceremonies. but as soon as
q man has paid certain sum 20 his
brides father he carries her of and
treats her as he likes, she having no re-
dress whatever.
IT is estimated that about one-ninth
of the population of Canada Is engaged
in the lumber business, The value Of
the annual product of lumber in the
Dominion ranges between S35, ,000, 900
and $40, 900, 900.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
Wire Fence.

Barb wire fence is apparently an in
nOcent production, and yet it is raising
deliberations in three States. In Texas
the complaints and objections of the
cowboys against this new fashion among
ranch holders, of enclosing their broad
acres with barbed wire, have led to
much cutting of the obnoxious fences,
and the Governor has just declined to
call an extra session of the Legislature
10 consider some means of putting u
stop to fence-cutting. He is therefore
considered to be bidding for the cow
boys vote. 1t suits these rowing indi-
vidualS to Ground up'' their cattle or
water them ON the streams and fields
that are now shut against them by the
new style of fence, and where they
have been so long exercising a commons
right, it is exasperating to find that
there is no such thing in Texas. If 1t
only were not ''barbed" any one would
say that as political issue statesman
had better be ''agin the fence" than on
it. The two other States which are ex-
ercised over the wires are Missouri and
Illinois. wherein two opposing decisions
are reported from two United States
District Courts, as mentioned day or
two ago.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
The standard" sunset.

At Governor s Island, New York. the
picturesque and famous spot where the
sun is made to go down daily with a
big bang at the nations expense, there
has been some little confusion of opin-
ion as to how the piece of ordnance that
utters the bang would be affebted BY
the new time system. BY a reputation
of the War Department, the operation
of the gun must be carried out by the
corporal of the guard. There are many
corpOrals of the guard on Governors
Island, and the salute is accomplished
in this way;
One corporal of the guard as noon
draws near fixes his eye upon the Wes-
tern Union time ball, which can be dis
cerned with the unassisted human eye
from the guard house. When the ball
falls the corporal says as much to
another corporal, who instantly sets the
guard house clock. The second corps-
raj then tells third corporal to set all
the clocks on the island. While the
third corporal is setting all the clocks
the second corporal hunts up the hour
provided for sunset in the almanac, and
writes it down on slip of paper. A
fourth corporal carries this slip to a
ffth corporal at Castle William. The
fifth corporal waits until the clock, as
corrected by the third corporal, marks
the hour designated on the slip of paper
furnished by ,the second corporal,
and then gives signal to a sixth corpo-
raj, whereupOn bHgle is blown, the
gun is discharged, and the sun has gone
down officially.
Thirteen handsomely uniformed Gov
ernOr's Island corporals, who were ad-
dressed by the reporter rencently, said
cheerfully:-''Oh,i it's the other corpO-
raj who knows all about that" A
fourteenth corporal smiled decorously
and said:-''On Sunday and thereafter
the gun will go off four minutes later
than it has been doing"
A venerable battery waterman with
an exceedingly handsome nose was
asked by the reporter if the new time
would affect the tides.
''Ef SO be-" he answered promptly,
lit W, rent fur ther fact thet the tide
depended opon ther changes ur the
moon end ther force ur ther wind. it
be; hut ez it does depend opOn
those 'ere, | don't reckon ther will be
no change"
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
Drinking While I

Nature never intended for anyones She ,e
,vash down his food while eatnis IN VA.
Sas Ms wisely placed saliva5y g,anSs the1 secrete m
r;ons ri"S nlaces in our mouths; tnes ssss;des S a
nous nd for the moisteninSg .is1 Dss,nss %asti.
= ahnm;cal n% action of the food ai.ea 7 ,n s,ita.
cneinn' ntinn This gets the food in a nrinS- sG,,
tas'C Sas condition for swallowlnsg;, eating
gsvsnts ing eae the usual flow Of saliva haye sv a a
pssbes It down before it can ortions ass Of
%aS1i SnSm;cal action of certain pOer,ii poarmicious
ehelh,C enc fnod. One of the most pers.l several
the nbi,s lo0 to health is drinking mixing. better
ahIers habits - of water while eat,ng mseb Twill will
tumpiera inp warm D drinks The sto%aStb od when it
not not algssS ligsmperatare below l9o diesst one
Fan, FanIenfn1f M food until all the iiu,d should =
sbsoEOea; SE more than half,plS5' pS and ., ' dys-
dTlRk dim fnid % while taking food drop a while
RspslaS IspS aTe sus eating, nor for three u
hours after.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
The Indian Corn Crop.

The November report of the Depart
ment of Agriculture gives the total
yield of the Indian corn crop this year
as approximately 1,577 ,000, 600 bushels.
If this estimate is correct the product
this year falls about 40, ,00O, 600 bushels
short of the crop of 1882, nOtwithstand-
ing a large increase of acreage. This
is the third crop Sin succession" we
are told, ''below ain average, following
six successive crops above an average
yield, or twenty-six bushels per acre, "
and the quality of the crop in the
frosted belt is said to be very poor.
This report is not flattermg, but it will
be well if the present deficiency of the
corn harvest turns out to be no greater
than the department estimates it. The
Chicago correspondent evidently fears
that the crop is generally Overestimated,
and states that ''Iowa has not enough
corn for home consumption, while
Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan
are virtually in the same predicament.
Though it is not, likely that there will
be amy scarcity of corn in this country
before the crop of 1884 is secured, the
fact that for three successive years this
most important of all our cereal crops
should have been cut short by untimely
Northwestern trosts emphasizes the ex-
pediency of extending It's cultivation
south of the thirty-eighth parallel I'm
less the spring opens early in the North
west and the corn can get good start
so as to mature before the middle of
September, it isalways liable to injurious
frosts. The great stream of tropical
vapor traversing the United States in
summer (under which alone can be
found the temperature and rainfall
necessary for the perfection of this
tropical plant is projected from the
Gulf coast. and after reaching the
Missouri and Ohio valley is detected
eastwardly to the west end Of Lake
Erie. Within the area Overspread by
this 'svapor plane" and a small rain
belt southwest of Lake Michigan, We
must look hereafter for our chief supply
of corn. Next year especially it Is to
be greatly desired that the acreage of
corn within this area shall be largely in
creased
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
Ancient Mariners,

| No matter how thrilling may be the
reports OF something which has occurred
| and which has not been seen by the
readers, it is almost invariably the case
tnat some person in the group of llsten-
ers can relate personal experience which
completely overshadows the reported
event. Particularly is this the case among
old sailors-those ancient mariners who
have given up tsrpaulIns and u'westers
for the comfort and tobacco smoke of
tug offices and vessel agents quarters.
| "Talk bout Sunday nights gale" said
one of the guild, as he bit off the yellow
end OF very black clay .pipe-stem yes
terday, ''why, 'tws'n't patch to a three
| days shske-up We had of Point au Bar
ques In '6s."
who's 'we?" asked companion.
"Ghey wuz half dozen of US Jest
| here, while all over the bay there WIZ
score OF other fellers All of us got 1t
too. way up our nosel The gale struck
us bout o'clock one mornIn' without a
mlnit's warnin -
'And ye had ev'rything set s'pose,"
interrupted veteran.
Yes, We wuz Just bOOmin' along with
eOR1 us dil ulIui.
All of a sudden We heerei the dumdest
racket, and before anybody could get on
deck all our canvas and strings were flop
ping like nets over our heads Well, we
got out our axes and cleared awav every
thing to The deck.
AN L s'pose YOU pounded around IN
the sea 10. three days thereafter was the
next interruption.
''Pounded 'round2 Well, 1 should say
so, and We weren't alone. The next
mOrnin' you could count dozen hulks
runBln' wild aud very light. The seas
run like leg lar mountains-'pou my word,
l b'lieve they went plump fifty feet high
"What year was tLis?" asked an old
red-faced mariner who had been chewing
a toothplck as he looked quietly over
what appeared to be jOurna; or ledger.
'Slxty-eigh was the response.
''rurn H." quietly continued the ques-
toner.
''What forlr
''Didn't you hear the bell2''
''Bell for WHAT"
'Callin' in that yarn"
''No, | didn't. What er you given
me, matt?'
''Well, here's record in this book of
where you sailed with me ali the seasons
OF 90, IS and SO. as my mate, and /.
swear We went through no such racket
as you've been givln' u.s."
"Well, 1t might have been in &c or
TO-"
Come off come off," was the chorus
which ended the discussI3D.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
Tattooins Among Criminals.

Ane great tattOOers among European
people are French soldiers and French
CRIMINALS. The idler and more disrep-
uSaDie the man, the more time he pas
Ses under arrest, the more is, he likely to
w tattoOed. The long vacuous leisure
oI prisons. barracks and guartl-rooms is
relieved by the art of tattooIng. Yer.
ihliiion and China ink are chiefly used
ana vast number Of emblems are en-
graved on the human frame. Mere fan
tastlc pictures are most common, then
come amatory devices, hearts, clasped
hands, and the like, patriotic and reli-
gious and professional symbols. and so
lorth. One man was decorated with a
picture OF carriage, coronet and all, in
winch lady sat and watched the efforts
OF two grooms to control her fiery
norSes. Sometimes the caricature of
frlnce Bismarck is tattOOed. Shoe
makers and carpenters decorate them
selves with pictures emblematic of their
trade. Two foils and a mask are the
'moko, as the New Zealanders say, or
tattooed crest of fencer; a gunmaker
marks his arm with the picture of a
pistol. A mans body sometimes be-
comes his dossier, a record of his career,
and may be of considerable use to the
police. Criminals often proclaim their
bad luck, as they think 1t, in the tat
tooed inscriptions on their arms. Some
write "nO luck" (pas de chance), some
proclaim more POLITICALLY that they are
''born under an evil star" One philos-
pher has been known to tattoo himself
thus (he was pessimistic jail-bird), /,
1.-THE past disappointed me, the present
torments me, the future appals lne"-a
bitter experience of life. The inscrip-
tion mort aux officers Francais is from
the arm of rebellious private. The
criminal class in Italy is not less addict
ed to tattOoiEg than the same order in
France. TattOoing has sadly dwindled
from sacred and secret rite in the
Marquesas islands to the employment
of the leisure of thieves and undis-
ciplined soldiers in Europe. Oddly
enough, these latter very frequently
tattoo themselves with religious en-
blemS, their religion being probably
much on level with that of the South
Sea islanders. Luck. and the hope of
securing luck by the use of superstitious
devices is at the bottom of both creeds.
Oddly enough the famous claimant was
not tattooed while the originol Roger
had been a good deal tattooed in his
boyhood. In this case, as in many
others, tattOoing has proved of service
to law and police. riminals, who
have all the interest possible in being
unrecognizable, are just the persons
who perversely stamp themselves with
marks that are practically indellible.
A slap from an open hand on the place
will often bring out the old mark in red,
az whatever pains the wearer may
have been to efface the decoration.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05

At the preserft momenI Ine fashion
able cure for dyspepsia is hot water,
which, after all, is only an old fashion
revived. The London Ner0s, comment
ing upon this, says that the hot water
treatment is taken externally in London
as q cosmetic, and internally in Ameri-
ca for the stomach, md that scalding
propaganda is in progress.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05
The Payements of Berlin.

Fifteen hundred cab proprietors and
drivers have petitiOned the Berlin City
Council that no more wooden or asphalt
pavement be laid down. Some of the
petitioners say that the accidents are
from fifty to seventy-five times greater
than on the old stone pavement, and
it is further alleged that the expense of
repair is much greater. The worst stone
pavement is preferable, they declare, to
wood or asphalt. Yet in France the
wood and asphalt seem preferred, and
only last summer several streets could
be. seen in London in which the stone
pavement was being replaced by wood.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-12-05

THe Shropshire sheep have dark faces
and legs. are about one-third larger
than the Southdowns, and clip nearly
twice as much wool, besides being much
more profitable.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1883-12-09
Free Delivery Again.

Postmaster .Ly nch will shortly pub
lish an addrsss. TO citizens requesting
them TO send to oil their correspon.
dents their correct addresses, giving
the numbers of their houses, names
OF streets and osutieuing them not to
forget The initial letter which winds
up the direction. Such an address is
timely and the requirements thereof
should be strictly complied with by
oil who desire their mail to reach
them. By reason of the many appli.
cstious for free delivery at Washing
ton, OF which the Postmaster has
been informed. he docs not think the
delivery here will be established be-
fore March 1st. 1884. The number
OF carriers allotted to Salt Lake at
first will be Ave, two OF whom will be
This is the reason that th
whole city cannot be hmm ediately in
Guided in the circuit. When more
carriers are supplied, the dis
'rict will be extended. The POST
master expresses himself well pleased
With the system of house numbering,
Ind the expedition with which it has
'een carried on.