The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-03-09
NO.. 10.

he began to build ships. Sultan NAH
moud, hesring of this, told him to
stop. Mohammed Ali said he would,
but Immediately told his workmen to
work ten times as hard. lie sent his
army under Ibrahim Pasha, his war
like son, to the Holy Land and took
that. AS the Holy Land belonged to
Turkey, this was virtually making war
on the Sultan.
Then at Constantinople an army was
raised and navy built, two Ameri-
cans, namely, Messrs. Eckford and
Rose, being the naval architects. /
saw the great navy, one of the finest
in Europe, sailing down the Bospho-
rus; and the noise caused by the guns.
sauting, was almost deafening.
But the commander had been bought
over by Mohammed Ali, and the whole
navy slipped into his hands. The
army went down to Syria to meet
Ibrahim Pasha; while in a rather mar
row place lbrahim fell upon it and the
whole army was completely routed
Before the news of either disaster
could reach Constantinope the brave
old Sultan died. Then, indeed, there
was time of commotion; there was
Constantinople at the mercy of any
one who chose to step in, without an
army, without navy. Russia no
doubt would have done so, but Russia
is so large and clumsy that it takes
her some time to get started.
Then diplomacy came in and the
crowned heads of Europe got together
and decided that the Young heir should
succeed the old Sultan and that Mo-
hammed Ali should give up his pos
sessions in Mesopotamia, Syria and
Palestine and go back to Egypt. Mo-
hammed Ali refused to give up Pales-
tine and prepared to resist by force.
He particularly fortified Fort St. Jean
d'Acre and boasted that he could keep
that against everybody.
The European fleet having cannon
with a greater range and anchoring
just out ofthe Turkish range, in two
or three hours the fort was demolished.
r This was in 1889. Mohammed Ali
was forced TO give up everything but
Egypt, the viceroyship of which WAS
secured to him and his heirs. Soon
after this Mohammed Ali died of soft
ening of the brain aud his son Ibrahim
soon followed him.
Then came Said Pasha, and after him
Ismail Pasha. English capitalists per-
suaded the former TO make great loans
of them, and it was under his rule that
the Suez canal was made. He made
contract with DeLesseps to furnish so
, many workers, and then sent them
down without tools or provisions, so
that they were, many of them, forced
to dig with their hands. and thousands
pershed mserably. DeLes~eps, see
inu tbn xyn,l-
steam dredges made to finish the work.
lsmail Pasha also made loans of the
English capitalists These loans were
+ great English frauds. The capitalists
, in the first place asked six per cent in
terest, twice as much as they could get
at home. This interest was on the
face of the note; then they gave to the
, khedive only half the face and i'm this
way got twelve per cent interest.
, Otten the interest was yet greater.
AT length, having used up all the
loans in various foolish ways, and be-
ing almost bankrupt. the Khedive
stopped payment of interest. Then
the English capitalists began to howl
for their immense gains, and the Brit
ish Lion reused itself and said, "We
must have that money and we will col
lect it ourselves" So they sent over
in the place of 5000 native taX-collect-
ors, |, 800 Europeans. Ismail Pasha
could not bear this and so he asked
the capitalists TO give him little to
live on every year, and then he would
resign. They asked him how much he
wanted and he said only about $780,
600 900; they gave II to him and he
retired.
Then the present Khedive, Tewfk,
came to the throne. He is a pleasant,
jovial fellow, but weak; and the
. English have things very much in their
power. The English collectors col
lected The revenues with much less op-
, preston than the natives had, but
there were the three thousand thrown
out OF fat offices, stirring up the peo-
pie all the while. These ex collectors
said, "Let us drive out the Europeans
and have Egypt to ourselves, then
there shall be no taxes" The ignor-
ant people we're credulous, and SO the
insurrection of last fall arose.
The weak Khedive yielded at once
to Arab Bey, and the envoys from
European nations could do nothing.
Then England sent G neral Wolseley
with an army to quell the rebellion
He carefully studied his campaign in
) London before starting, and never was
campaign more accurately carried out.
lie surprised Arab Bey at Tel-el Kebir
AT three O'Clock in the morning, and the
real gist of the war was in hose twenty
minutes. There were many other
, skirmishes. but that battle was the fa-
; tai one for the Egyptians. Thus we
see that Egypt has grown poorer.
. First Mohammed Ali tried to build her
up by war. He failed Then in the
second division, the khedives. Said
aud Ismail, tried to improve her by
/ foreign capital, and they failed. In
the third place, Tewfik Pasha tried to
A build her up by foreign diplomatic aid,
: aud he also failed.
: The question now is, what will
= England do? There is more in-
, justice, but also more poverty. 1t is
a only too true that England's rule
? makes N couuiry Wrpicha1lV moor.