Omaha daily bee., 1883-03-27
AMERICAN COMPETITION.
It's Influence on the Farmers OF EUR
ope-How 1t Appears to Mr..
Pulestop, M. p.

Plymouth chamber OF commerce, CIV.
en- In Devouport, England, q few
weeks ince, Mr.. j. 81. Puleston, mem.
Der of parliament, addressed the COM
pany on American competition, Q sub.
ject of yearly increasing Importance
on the other side of the water. Among
other things, Mr.. Puleston said: Sin
considering commerce, the country
which presents Itself to a speaker of
any nationality is the United States.
The commerce of America affects Eur.
ope In general, and each nation In
particular. Perhaps there Is no In
stance on record wherein the trade of
q multitude of communities was 30
universally, and, at the same time, 80
particularly affected. Its influence on
English agriculture is now an old,
familiar subject. But turn to the
effect In Russia. Ours is q bread. i'm.
porting, consuming country, whereas
Russia Ia a bread. exporting country.
Although the chief British industry
was hard hit, tho hation benefited In
procuring cheaper bread-a commo.
dity largely imported. This compen-
stated by acting on all the varied In
dustries, employing many operatives,
who were moro chenply fed; and cheap
food, too, acts directly on wages, which
acts directly on manufactures, stimu'
latinp expectations; as 1t enables home
produce to compete successfully with
foreign produce in the markets abroad
yet no great industry can be injurious
ly affected as has agriculture, without
a general disturbance, acting and re.
acting, till all are brought within the
range, [Rear. But In the case OF
Russia, there Is little If any compen.
s%ation; for there were two competitors
to feed Western Europe-Russia and
America. Russia had the grain trade,
but had been Implanted by the United
States. There was an article of inter-
est In q st. Petersburg periodical the
other day on American competition
among European producers from their
own markets, which the writer re-
garded as ''the general European ques-
tion of the greatest Importance" To
solve 1t, a shower of articles, pamph-
lets, books, Is falling in English, Ger.
man, French and Russian. Many
leading German writer's, as Mendel,
Professor Heitz, Professor PallmaD,
Blum, Senior, Max Worth and others
discuss the effect of American agricul.
ture on Germany. Central Europe,
like England, Is not effected in the
way Russia is affected; though still
affected differently from this country;
for In Germany, agriculture bears to
other industries a much larger proper
ton than agriculture bears to other
Industries In Great Britain.
e. Since 1850 the population of the
United States has doubled, but Its
grain production has increased five
times! Not only is the grain market
of England In American hands, but
the breadstuffs 90 to France and Ger
many. Even at Fiume, the Austrian
grain importing port, American grain
has appeared, and Russia alcohol dis
t~illers are importing American maize.
Thus Americans are step by step
driving their competitors from
the European grain market, and we
notice with wonder that so perfect Is
their system of transportation that
their grain freight from Chicago to
Hamburg Is lower than from Pesth to
Hamburg. In 1880 Russia exported
to Germany "a per cent Of wheat, and
the Americans 81 per cent. OF bar
Icy 10 per cent, and the Americans 20
per cent. Of corr 2 per cent, and the
Americans 90 per cant. In consider
Ing where the remedy lies some pre-
dict, in the rapidly increasing popula'
tion Of the United States, the con
sumption Of their own produce; but
the reviewer I refer to holds that Eu'
rope can be bankrupted ten times be-
fore the United States will be densely
populated, and he asks, 'Is Russia tt
give up the business2" But that be
ing impossible, 80 far as Russia Is con
cerned, the writer said they mus
adopt the American way of farming
of transportation, of education, and 81
ou, which In other words mean Il
Americanize Russia.
Germany and other countries Heel
toprote;t themselves by prohibition
and taking advantage of the easil,
raised terror of trichin@ In pork, a.
/ American "hoe products" have bee
prohibited. Canned fruits are take
as hardware" hams in bags wer
taxed as ''dry goods" France too
much the same line for protection, bu
it was France, unless he (Mr. Pul'
3 ston) was greatly mistaken, thathady "
= to feel the full force Of American comp'
t tition. [Hear There were certain IL
r dustries, such as grain-growing, cattl'