New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1883-01-05

family by blood or marriage, should not hold appoDtye
like the provision adopted by the senate of the United
states in the bill recently passed by that body and
who appointed his relatives shall OUT because the APP
pointmsnt may not be the fault OF me relative a
obey his father. The same rule should apply where
there has been an exchange Of Offices e. where the the
bead OF another department. who had appointed or VIII
appoint the relative of the first to some office III MS de-
partment
win be need Of provision in tins REGARD
under the control OF the Governor.
TAXATION.
The amount OF taxation collected for State. county,
city and town purposes in 1892 reported by the Sec
rotary OF State was $26O90o00 The amount assessed
directly by tho State, in addition to the above, was
S4662, 900, making a total taxation Of $3o752,OOo
The Legislature OF 1891 enacted a statute which took
fleet on the first day OF January 1892 to apporton the
taxation upon mortgaged estates between mortgagee
and mortgagor according to their respective money In
terest in the property the sequence Of which law was
decrease IN the amount OF taxable property secured by
no such amount OF debt secured by mortgages collected
It'll
II ia n misfortune which follows all taxation, and Is
~ actual in this state anywhere ese. that large
portion belongs to class OF citizens the most wealthy
and able to pay taxes one method OF scn escape ~ 10
invest in propery OF the State, t. enjoy its Dene
Its and escape its burdens. Another IL To invest ~
United States untaxable securities stu another; te
town other than where he does his business ana whcr
e may escape taxation which protects that Dusees,
obtains He thus can lessen his tax very considerably
il he chooses the right town for residence peeh u.s.,
there Is one town in this Commonwealth where tne
taxes are only the thousand, aud there Is apneI
where the tax is 1876 the thousand The tnxeyadel
makes still larger deduction bciS OF large ~eit ~
making rgain with the assessors Of Il town that ne
will INTO that town II he shall be taxed or GER
tain OF property only; Which SUN may make =
cry considerable addition the taxable property OF the
own. AMI 80 the assessors uake the thie lnerc WI
iii another hldng-placc, before the Nhlh INV III ~
ard To mortgaccd real estate Il the custom OF the
Gx-sbunneTs invest money and take mortgages ~ tue
IiInc of some friend or relative OUT OF tne oa
trustee There would seem to be no promptinGS OF con
escaping taxation, because this Is known go
~ done. and there have been CONVICTIONS before 'h'
courts for doing II, by men who Otherwise calm 10 ~
reputable. and who make special assertions OK the'
Nothing can be more negotiable or unjust than these
practices. LEGISLATION should be- framed with the utmost
Equality OF right and equality OF burdens under th
INV is fundamental such acts ought TO he iuly pm
SHE'D The disastrous effect OF this evasion OF aAntio
throw all OF the burlrns OF the government OF IN
state upon its enterprise AMI business they iali ony
lpon property which is IN She sight Of the assessor t
anuytctUry and its supplies; the stock IN tilo IN
buildings used for mcrcWtilo pnr' IL INC nhcnne
shop nnl workshop, and their s,ppue, the dwelling
lonsc, however spacious or humble; but, aDeye an
upon the farm and its stOck-every hend OF crtlc upo
which Is numbered the cXuct value OF b0th Deing Wen
AMI upon the investments OF laboring men am
women IN savings hanks and cooperative societies 30
tlsi toHS 10 many dhds OF production u TINS inatte
iat States ohiged Ia relieve !hcn rom afh-
ton TO ostcr them. which only Increases the Ddruen On
The agricultural interests from which, IA rae money
comes slowly m my tns o" ;" bppc re nor
fons Of the Commonwealth where agriculture Il On,
leading business which have rctrognded poth III "ei''
During she preparation of this Address have been
inrc' fironch c,,slaion know OF but one. and that
8, the reduction of taXatot. sop thrown To farmers
IN The shane of FEW hundred dollars Owen 10 agricu
ural Societies "btcnks the word OF promise To the
A0pr." know Of no measure of relief which wil reach
TIE farmer. except relief from taxation -, ,
household furniture 10 the householder, aud three nun
,rcd dollars worth OF tools 10 the mechanic am
iwar,. ~ no oOrrclaiivc exemption 10 the working
iruer; for his household goods are rarely worth ba
nat and his stock less than yenr Old, and sheep ana
.wns ak months old, now exempted. VIII not
tvrriec three hundred dollars in value We now eruht
uroprry used W Hc production OF beet sugar TO ne cx-
.nntcd from taxation; might not the same exemption be
xtendcd to the production OF sugar from sorghum
yhcn Is claimed to De u coming ntnstryl u all IN
property thr state could be reached ana proportion
itey taxed, expenditure we're not lessened
our taxes would he reduced one hai th,y nov neihF
neatly cdun IN ono half the income received upon q
perfectly safe mvestmcnt In the pablic stocks why
III me rspeat: Abolish all unnecessary offices and
paid cmploymcnts Of the Stnte eut on al 4uc.tonaDl,
expenditures. The expenditures necessarily attendant
upon legislation very large, and there no easier
WY Of reducing them thap shortening your session.
know Oh" LEGISLATORS, staying mere away rom We,
ard business desire H. rs you know your consult
uents 20 do
RAILROADS.
There IL one matter which think the managers Of
every wel-rcgulated railroad VIII agree It'll me needs
attention the oycrworking ~ railroad employees who
have todo with the running Of trains whether ON them
or ~ sw.tchmon. gatemcn or station-men. Faithful
ness carc aud activity in all these arc Imperative for
the safety OF travellers. On some railroads these men
wor. too many hours and number Of accidents occur
from their Inactivity and exhaustion from this cause
,ug-e.t that legislation he had by which employe
connected with the running OF trains on any steam rail-
road should bo employed more than ten hours In any
one day. with proper nteryn for food except In cast
~ neri,leut or emergency ris would be economy I'm
the management because. 20 say nothing OF regret fol
loss and iimb Ia the passengers, single Incident
,youiI co.t the road much moro than amount sui-
ccnt duplicate even. the sares OF sich employees Tor
"a considerable length OF time To make tnls law sell
executing would only require provision that IN case In
iury came from the working OF train where anyone
1ncr of honrs siich fact should be pria fasie evi
,lenre NJ negligence on the part Of the road:
The number OF employees Injured and killed during the
wear calls for legislative action. During the last year
los hurt on the roads I'm this state OF whom %
were killed Nor IA this an lnlsun number OF such IA
tnitcs very considerable p5riiOl OF these accidents
happened in the coupling aud ncoupng Of freight cars
Incidents become crimes II railroad managers were as
careful OF the lives and limbs Of their employees ~ the
yercs of ures made them OF the safety OF their
passengers. some means Of automatic coupling aud nn-
coupling ears would have been adopted. May not leg
islstlOn require itf
PUBLIC CORPORATIONS.
rndcr this head class all those corporations which
serye the public and have under the law right TO uso
the public property in carrying ON that service
The people OF the Commonwealth and their representa-
tiyes have right to know the exact condition, stand
OF all such corporations Some Of them for example
the railroads. obliged 10 mike and do make full and
satisfactory returns to give such Information sug
gest that like provisions be extended to gas telegraph
,cphone passenger steamboat water supply and other
like companies.
COST or EDUCATION.
Massachusetts has claimed and Justly as large pro
poonatc expenditure Of money on the education OF her
children rs any State In tho Union. There are two
states In tho Unlon-Iowa and Cafornia-which APP
propra:cd for 1880 more money per capita for cduca
ton than Massachusetts, IL appears by the report Oh
the Commissioners OF Education for 1880 that the state
NJ Iowa expended for education the total sum OF So
gls and that Massachusetts expended the sum OF
s3l567sI The population Of Iowa was l.02i,6l0; tho
population OF Massachusetts was 1,7s3,0so. far
from equal. In 1880 tho natiye-born population OF
Town above ten years was 026.30l The native born
incubation Massachusetts above ten years was lUOo
b76 or Town had 20 per cont OF such native DOrn
nounlation, while Massachusetts, had 30 per cent OF
less Town. Now the lllLeIhcy OF Mhssa-