Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1883-09-25
SCIENCE At MARKET HALL. &.
The First Lecture of the Course Under
the Management of the Academy of
Science.

the management OF the 81. faul AcaueIny
of Science was given last evening by DR..
Rowland on electricity. He stated that
magnetism, electricity, heat, light and
force were all one in essence. The same
principal dominates chemical action. BY |
a series of the most exhaustive experiments
with instruments constructed for the pur-
pose through century of profound study
this conclusion has been reached by the
foremost students of physics in all nations.
The old theory which dwelt with these
powers of force as distinct and subtle forms
of matter under the head of impenetrable
substances has long since been abandoned
by science in its progressive march. These
forms of force are convertible into each
other. Heat may DO generated by cleo
tricity, and electricity by heat, and either
produces mechanical force, which in turn
yields electricity, chemical action and heat
again, as has been so we'll shown in that
remarkable work deterioration and Con-
servation of Force" by Prof. Youmans, of
| New York.
The professor described The construc-
| ton OF the battery and the conversion of
chemical action into electric force, and
this into magnetism. Passing it through
coil he showed this converted into h ca
which was ust to light the gas IN the h q
| The current was passed through
gases, exploding them. 1t was
then connected with a small
| dynamo machine and made to run nina
ture train of cars upon track about fifty
feet long, elevated upon standards for that
purpose.
no nac nOnnnata6 tn a
lamp of the finest construction and pro-
duced most powerful light. Adjusted to
the stereopticon it was used
} to throw views upon the screen
Its power was four times as great
as the calcium light. Il intensity was so
great that the most delicate details of mi
ros,opic objects we're brought out with
the perfection of life. The sting of bee
the claw of a caterpillar, and herd of a
spider were shown ten feet in length and
, so perfect that the hairs could be cotnted
| The ice views of Niagara elected particu-
, lar applause, an effect being produced
not attaluable with any other
light. In microscopic work and
indeed in all photographs direct from
nature the electric light is of the greatest
service both in taking pictures in cloudy
weather and throwing them upon the
screen.
The light Was then increased and the
picture OF the carbon points thrown upon
ths screen. This was a most impressive
and beautiful sight. In the darkenad
room the image Of these burning carbons
alone stood out on the screen alternately
approaching and race1ing, exchanging
flashes OF Lightning like two thunder
clouds in the heavens. The arc of light
like that seen in the aurora borealis, eend-
ing up it streams and between all tbs
) hues OF the rainbow. The unequal burn
ing Of the points, the blisters of selex and
the rounded point Of the negative pole
carbon contrasting with the rapidly wear
ing indented image of the positive
The interruptions caused by
unequal wear of the points
and occasional separation so as to ex
tinguish the light were seen. The rock
work and clock work for regulating These
disturbances were described, The observ
ant auditors were able thus to comprehend
in some measure the difficulties attending
the management of electric lighting, bu
which genius and perseverance are steadily
surmounting. Nosone who saw this is likely
to lose this most impressive and instruc
tive vision of the carbon points.
The entertainment closed with an ex-
pertinent with the great electric magnet
which hangs suspended in thej hall. These
showed that it had no magnetic force OF
itself. It was only hundred pounds Of
steel. wound with mile of wire. He then
connected it with the battery. It held up
three men. A keg of nails was presented
to it, which promptly attached themselves
to its surface. On breaking connection with
the battery they fell Instantly to the floor
These experiments showed more satisfac
torily than any words, the eonvertibility
OF electricity into the various forms of
force and the marvellous power of This
subtle force itself. The audience was
large and expressed its appreciation by
frequent applause. The next lecture will
be by Prof. Rowland on "Light," with
brilliant experiments on Che spectroscope,
and Poiariscope and microscope. The
| Opportunity can scarcely occur again for
{ years in st. Paul to see science illustrated
with such apparatus, as it will soon return
| to Washington, whence it was brought to
Illustrate before the American Scientific
association. Every young person especial
ly, should improve this chance to see the
most beautiful experiments with perfect
Instruments.