Saturday press. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1880-1885, 1883-02-24


enactment made reading and writing pre-.
requisite to suffrage. assume that aft will
agree that the instruction to be furnished lao
The State, derived from the rcsourc.s and ta,
Of all.
ANY system of education which takes from
such fund, belonging to all, for the specinl
education n few which Is no, and can ma,
be given to ALL is a misappropriaiion. fl
should be the aim Of the state in education. as
wen as IN everything else, to raise up the
mass oil her citizens to the highest possible
plane. IL the Nubstratum Is raised. aI above
VIII be raised in equal degree
There are two states in the union D Town
and California which Appropriated for 1880
more money per capita for education than
Massachusetts. II appears by the report Of
me commissioner Of education for 1880, that
the state OF Iowa expended for education the total
sum OF S5,62i,2dS and that Massachusetts
expended the sum Of $s,is6,7JI. The popu
'a'ion oil Iowa was I,624, 6I9; the population
equal.
In 1880 the native. born population Of Iowa
above ten years was gao 3oI. The native
born population Of Massachusetts above ten
years was f,oo5, $40. Or, Iowa had =, per
cent OF such native.born population, while
Massachusetts had 10 per cent, or Der cent
less than Iowa.
Now the illiteracy Of Massachusetts,, /. e..
those of ten years and upwards who could not
read, was by the same census ga per cent.
and the illiteracy Of Iowa by the same census
was "a per cent, or 2.9 per cent less than
N''ssachssetts. The difference Of illiteracy as
against MASSACHUSETTS in the comparison be-
tween her and Iowa cannot be accounted for
from the fact that Massachusetts had more
foreign population, because the excess Of our
foreign population was only per cent. over
iowa, which would only reduce the per cent
OF iliieracy in favor Of Iowa and against
massachusetts, to aga per cent.
what distinguishing difference is there in
inc systems OF education Of the two states in
their administration Iowa, Of the Ss.6zI.
600 expended for educational purposes, ex
pended only $2,9oI,94S for salaries, includ-
ing superintendent; while Massachusetts, of
PSI $1,000 expended $4,494,a25 for salaries
Tor teachers, including expenditure for anna.
ratus and schoolbooks.
Cost to Iowa per capita Of her school popu
iat,on' SS.I7; Massachusetts, SI4.oI.
IOWA PAID an average Of $3I.I6 per month
tor male, and Sac. 28 for female teachers.
Massachusetts paid an average of S67. "a per
month for male, and $50 50 Tor female teachers
one noticeable fact will appear from these
ngures; that not only is the percentage of
i'''eracy less in the state where the salaries Of
teachers are less, but while the amount paid
,or salaries and otherexpenses in Massachusetts
mas been steadily increasing for years, the per
centage of illiteracy has no, decreased with
equal step.
boston affords curious illustration of the
increase IN cost OF teaching in her schools.
take that city for illustration, because she has
every class Of schools; they are claimed to be
,he Dest IN the commonwealth, and the city
mas quite -four population. In I8s4.s
.he "hoie number OF day scholars was 20, S28;
lhe salaries OF teachers, officers, and school
committee, sos, a25; the net rate per scholar,
plo.94; the total expenditure $a74,S47. In
twenty years, I8745, the whole number of
DAY scholars and evening scholars, AZ. a6a: sal
aries OF teachers and officers, ST., 24o, 49S; rate
per scholar, $36.54 total expenses, S.. oSI,-
W. increase IN number of scholars, 100. ?
per CENT; increase in cost of teachers, go 4
per cent; increase in cost per scholar, 23I g
per cent; increase in total expenses, 6s7.I
per cent.
notwithstanding all boasts of what we had
peeh led to believe was rightful of our school
system and schools: in spite of the learning
ana culture oil Massachusetts; Of our enorm-
Gus outlay,-more in proportion than any OF
the other states, save two, one of which,
Saiiiornia, Is more illiterate than we are in
percentage, Massachusetts, has greater per.
cen'age OF her citizens who are illterate, i. e.,
ABOVE the age OF ten years, who cannot read,
than the states of Colorado, Connecticut,
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Mich.
igan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire,
New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon Penn.
sylyania, Vermont and Wisconsin, so that she
Is the nineteenth state in the illiteracy Of her
population Of the thirty.eight.
The deductions which / make from these
facts are: