Arizona weekly citizen., 1883-07-14
ANCIENT SANTA FEE.
That Most Ancient of all American
 Towns.
The War; Which AntedAted Plymouth
 Colony.

TIE TRKrIO- MILL ENIAL CELEBRATION.
 The history of Santa Fe is the history of New Mexico. "La villa real de Santa Fe" Is Ot greater antiquity than any city in ths United States, and the center of the most ancient settlement of the Can casIau race within the boundaries of this great lund. The first Knowledge of thls great country was obtained by Ca beZa de Baca, who, with a small band of bardy adventurous. aimnst one hundred years before She pilgrims set foot upon the shores of Massacnusetts bay, and but few years after the conquest of the City of Mexico by COrteZ, left the gult coast of Louisiana and traversing the continent, after innumerable hard ships and dangers and the lapse of ten years, m 1856 rearhed the town of San Miguel, upon the Pacific slope of Mex leo. Cabeza de Baca visited the Pueblo settlements of central New Mexico, more probably the Gran Qtnvera, those on the Rio Grande and Zuni. Marcos de NIza, a Donmicon frlar. headed the next expedition. He reached the ZIni under the guidance of Esteban, Cabezs de Baca's servant. At Zunl the PuebiCs killed Esteban because he offered indig- nity to their women, whom, as the an cient story luaintly describes it, ''they loved dearly" Niza, of cour~e, returued in haste to MexlcO. Coronado, the gov ernor of New Gallcia. started with his expedition in 1540. He vlsIted Zuni Ac- us (nOw ActOma the province of Teguc CIcuye now Santa Frl and other sec tons. Not fading the treasures of precIous metals he anticipated, he re- turned after a two years journey to Mexico. Ruyz explored the valley of the Rio G ande in 1881, but was abaud. OnSd by his escort and doubtless killed by the natives. Espego started ID 15S2, partly in search of Ruyz and partly on a tour of exploration. He. to certainty, visited Jemez, Acoma Zuni, Zia, Santa Domingo, and came within a few miles of Taucs, or Teguc, or CIcuye, prosper ous and large city, now Santa Fe.
 Under Onate ID 1898, Santa Fe was
 PERMANENTLY SETTLED
 and made the capital of Spanish New Mexico. IL seems also well established that Coronado visited the present site of Santa Fe sometime between 1540 and 1850 and endeavored to establish per manent settlements, but that they were not successful or lasting. For one hun dred yeafs the history of Santa Fe is shrOuded in tradition, as all the ar chlves were burned by the Pueblos ID tine revolution of 1882 As Diego de Vargas says in his journal: "Ihe h. dlans revol'ed a little ever one hund ed years after the permanent settlement oi Santa Fe by Juan Onate, at which time all the archives were destroyed
 Tho nf4iaraI bfaFor,r vF E'.. has ID 1881. The report of the revolt made by Sergt Maj. Luis Granillo, magistrate and solicitor general of the corporation of the citv of Santa Fe, tO the governor aud captain generl of the kingdom. An toniO Otermiu, still exists. It is dated Sept. l6, 1881, aud in 1t k stated: That at the same time and hour there was a general revolt of the Indians through out the provinces. They attacked the city of Santa Fe. The siege lasted over nine days; the Spaniards lost over three hundred killed, of all ages and sexes; the Indians did not spare even the children at the breast; the prelate, he head tf the church, eighteen priests, md two lay brothers were killed: the Indians burnt the temples and images, and destroyed the sacred vessels. the iuulhllN Apoi oNtf lOuT uuuuFtu kllleus their force was stimated at three thous md; the Spaniards were compelled to abandon the place for want of provisions aud water, and returned to Fl PasO dei NOrte; the revolt took place on the lGtt lay of August, 1880" For twelve year the Indians were free from Spanish rule From 1892 to l7O4 Diego de Vargas was 'aptain general aud governor. He re 'oEquered the territory, and in 1896 pUt town the second rebellion, in which ov 1T wO thousand Indians lost their lives. Ia the year l7O4 he reports to the duk, f Albuquerque. the vicerOy of all Span
 sh Mexico, as follows: "I, the Marquis ie Ia Maya Brazinas, conqueror, pacifier, and settler of this kinld m of New NeUcO, its govern, and captain gener- |, recently reappoiutedby his majesty nd the royal audience of the court of MexlcO and Castle. having at my own 'Ost, in the year l6l2. through divine Ia vor,
 RESTORED THIS KINGDOM