davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
Negro Peasant PrOprietOrs.

:: The negro-labor question is much dis
cussed in the southern journals. While
some ''negro haters," like Hamburg
Massacre" Butler, denounce the colored
laborers as idle. lazy and worthless. the
balance of opinion is quite the other
way, and most of the planters and farm
ers agree in giving the colored race a
fair character for industry, diligence and
thrift. Wherever the coIored men are
owners oftheir farms or little plantations,
they are able to hold their own with
their white neighbors. Peasant pro-
prietary has, as in the case of the more
favored race, though perhaps with less
degree, conferred on the colored people
a sense of responsibility, and the con-
servatls n otownership has spurred them
of thrift and carefulness. The circum-
stances under which the colored people
of America became free have not been
favorable to their becoming peasant
owners, and it is not surprising that
most of them are landless. The number
of those who own their own farms and
plantations, however, is yearly increas-
ing, and the indications are that it will
continue to increase. It may be inter-
esting, therefore to examine into the
condition of a negro population where
the majority are peasant owners. This
is the case in Jamaica.
OF the half-million of Inhabitants ofthe
island of Jamaica almost all Except the
European merchants of the towns, the
English soldiery, and the English Of
fcials) are negroes. Their occupation
consists mostly of fruit-raising and sugar
cane and coffee cultivation. Since their
emancipation they have made great
progress, and have most fthem become
owners of their own little plots of ground
averaging from three to four acres.
There are in the island $1,000 holdings.
Of these 10000 are not over an acre, and
5000 are between two and three acres.
In the old days ofslavery sugar-caLe cul-
tiyation was the principal industry of
the island: 1t was assa rted by those who
opposed the abolition that with emanci-
patton this industry would languish and
die. IT was said the negroes would not
engage in the hard work required unless
under absolute compulsion. This has
been totally disproved by the events.
The exports of sugar and rum last year
we're larger than for any yea. since 1889,
and in the meantime various other pro.
ductive industries have been established
by the emancipated negro peasant pro.
prietors, adding greatly to the wealth of
the island. The value of the coffee ex-
ported in 1879 alone was 81 ,245, 900. But
the most noticeable advance made bv.
the Jamaica negroes is in the cultivation
of fruit, which they send largely to this
In 1867 the whole fruit trade
with the United States amounted to
$3.50; last year IS 600, 900 oranges alone
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

An address of congratulation from the
International Arbitration and Peace
Association for Great Britain and Ire
land has been sent to Signor P. S.
Mancini, minister for Italy. The ad-
dress dwells on the services of Signor
Mancini in procuring the embodiment,
in the treaty ofcommerce between Italy
and Great Britain, signed on the 18th of
June, 1888, of a clause binding the two
high contracting powers to submit to i'm
partial reference any dispute that may
arise in the Interpretation or application
of the said treaty, and of a clause of ar
bitration in treaty, between Italy and
Belgium, signed Dec. II, 1882, and on
his long labors to give practical effect to
the benefcent principle of arbitration,
instead of diplomatic conflicts and ulti-
mate appeals to force. The address is
signed by Lord shaftesbury, the duke
of Westminster, Lord Aberdare, Lord
Robartes, the bishop of Exeter. Mr..
Bright, M. p, Mr.. Villers, M. p, Sir
Wilfrid Lawson, M. P, Sir John Lub-
book, M. P, Sir Edwin Watkin, M. P,
chairman of the Channel Tunnel COM
pany, and many members of parliament
and other gentlemen.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

According to the Novoe Vremya the
project Of celebrating the 300th anniver-
sary of the first Russian printer, Ivan
Feodorof, who died December II, 1888,
has been receiving attention in Russian
literary circles. Feodorof, who was at
first scribe, founded at Moscow the
earliest printing press established in
Russia, of which the first production
was tie "Apostop (the acts and epistles
divided according to the requirements
of the liturgy), printed in 1864, and still
to be seen in the Synodalnaya Typo
-graphia, in Moscow. Being accused of
raeresy, Feodorof migrated to Lithuania
and established another press in the
neighborhood of Wilma. He afterward
went to live at Lvov, where he set up
third press, from which issued another
edition Of the ."Apostol." He Quilted
Lyev to settle at Ostrog, which owes to
him the fourth press established in Rus
sia-the one which subsequently be-
came famous, and whence issued. in
$3.50, the Psalter and the New Testa-
ment, and in 1851 the celebrated Ost1og
Bible. published through the exertions
and at the expense of Prince Constan-
tine Ostrozhsky.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
Beaten by Chicago,

A Toledo commercial traveller who has
been opening up new route in Indiana
this winter encountered one dealer who
didn't think he had better change his GUS
tom. He had been dealing with a Chicago
house for several years, and he had no
fault to find.
II can make you brooms for $-per
dozen," urged the Toledoan.
eyes, but Chicago beats that.
"How's--certs pound for starch2"
"Oh, Chicago beats that"
"Ill sell you good tea by the chest for
cents.
"Ihat's purity fair, but Chicago beats
that"
"Our house will give you four months
credit.
"Chicago's ahead of that"
The traveller couldn't mention a thing
that Chicago didn't beat, and at last, des-
pairing of receiving an order, he remarked:
L did think Of stopping over Sunday and
going to church, but it seems"
"Oh, it's no use in trying that on" inter-
rupted the dealer. "The agent Of Chica-
go house has been running our choir over a
wear past. and Cincinnati house has. al,
ready agreed to send us on Sunday school
library! Maybe you can do something in
the next town, but we're chuck full here
and wouldn't touch Toledo house unless
it promised us twenty acre lot for a new
graveyard.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

The London Times is supporting the
project for memorial to the inventor
of Illuminating gas, William Murdock. 1t
is related of him that when he was ma
king his experiments with ish-skins to
be used by brewers az substitute for
isinglass, he went to London and took
expensive lodgings at the West End.
Absorbed in his new discovery, he used
to 20 out with fish basket, which he
brought home full of fish; then he would
tlay the fish on his drawing-room table,
and hang the skins to dry on velvet sofas
and silk curtains. When his landlady
caught him at work there was scene
and Murdock, much to the surprise OF
his simple mind, was ignominio ously
elected, after being made 70 pay dama-
! ges. The Murlock memorial committee
which is to be formed under 6if Viii
liam Sieman's auspices, will e1,deavol
ITO collect funds FOR erecting q 1t4tue on
: the Thames embenkment, and also fol
purchasing Murdock's house q Hands,
worth, which it Is proposed TO CONVEX,
iHteA gas museum, with library and
reading-r rooms, for the workingmen o
Birmingham.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
What Alaska Really Needs. l.

Correspondent st. Louis Globe-Democrat.
More than for geological surveys and
explorations do the people cry for some
form of government and the establish
ment of some definite law and .order;
for in its present neglected condition
Alaska is territory in name only. The
collector of customs at Sitka, and his
two deputies, are the only civil officers
invested with authority, and their juris-
diction only applies to treasury regula-
tlons as to imports, dqtles' td ana Glealahee zee
a governor, for some judicial officers
or to have recognized delegate in Con-
gress, and nothing has ever come OF it..
Man-oEwar government may have done
very we'll for a few years Alaska has
been developing industries and slowly
coming into prominence that demands
some protection of law and semb:ance
of order. If trader is caught selling IL
quor to the Indians he must be indicted
and tried by the court at SanFranclsco.
If convicted he may be fined $500, mean
while the expense of bringing the ac-
cused5 and all the witnesses from
Alaska to San Francisco costs the
Government three or four times as
much az the fine they amount to. AS
the United States Attorney once re-
marked, 'They bring ten-cent Indian
down to San Francisco and give him a
one-thousand dollar trial, all for doing
the territory favor by killing the worst
white man in it" It is only in extreme
cases, however, that prisoners and wit
nesses are treated to an excursion to
San Francisco at government expense,
since the commander of the man. .of-war
is vested with constabulary and all 9TH
er kinds f power, and metes out justice
by direct and common-sense methods
without the riemarole Of the.law. The
discovery of gold at Juneau, and the
rapid growth o. that mining town, makes
the want of government all the more
felt, and the trouble constantly arising
between the miners and the Indians,
keep the man-of-war at Sitka busy MAIN
tanning the peace by wholesome exam
Piles. Owners of mining property at
Juneau cry for surveyor and land Of
tice more than for. a police court, since
without surveys or titles to their lands
they hesitate to put money into works
or mills that the first organized band of
squatters may .demollsh or take from
them. While this state of perfect law
lessness exists, -enterprise is checked
and operations are slowly conducted the
great capitalists waiting until some pro-
lection is assured to property and some
form OF government is given to this rich
and undeveloped country.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
Minnesota State Bar Association.

The Minnesota State Bar association, which
was formed agreeably to a notice given at the
opening Of the general term of the supreme
court April 3 last, met in the hall of the house
of representatives at IL o'clock on the
I'd inst There were present prominent at
torneys from all parts of the State The meet
ing was organized by the selection of John A.
Lovely of Freeborn as presiding officer and
H. NJ Stevens Of Ramsey secretary. The OBJ
iect of the meeting was to canvass the names
of applicants for admission to the association.
Messrs. Wiliston of Red Wing, Heard OF st
Paul and Plumley of Ltchfeld, Of the COM
mittee on admission, reported favorably on the
following applications, the gentlemen there
upon being admitted to membership:
c. j. Barteson, Minneapolis: Stanley R.
Kitchell, A. D. Keyes. Faribault; L. E: Thomp-
son, Saltwater: A. P Fitch. GLENCOE: T. Wedge,
Albert Lea; William Barrett. St. Paul; A.. v.
Teeple, c. Il. Catln. st. Paul; Orris E. Lee.
Saltwater: James O'Bren, Caledonia: George
W. Walsh. St. Paul: Robert NJ Pal
mer, Albert Lea; Thomas 49,. Simpson.
Winona; II. G. o. Morrison, Minneapolis;
E. southworth, Shakopee; George G; Sguires, st.
Paul; John W. Willis, St. Paul: David A: secombe,
Minneapolis; H. D. Hooker, Lake City: A. r.
Capehart, ST. Paul: John P. Rea. minneapolis;
John B. Atwater. Minneapolis; Frank P. Dorothy,
Taylor's Falls: Judson N. Cross. Minneapolis; IL.
G. Hicks Minneapolis: Frank B. Carleton. Mlnne-
apolis; Daniel Fish, Minneapolis: Charles n
Woods, Minneapolis; Charles Il. Strobeck, Lltch'
field; c. H. Benedict, St. Paul.
The next meeting of the association will be
held at St. Paul, on the first Monday in April,
1884.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

One of the greatest feats OF raft tow
ering yet recorded was that recently
announced of raft measuring twelve
feet deep and twenty-four feet wide,
consisting of $500 logs, towed in safety
from St. Johns, N. B., to New York, a
distance of650 miles, which demonstrates
the practibility of furnishing mills with
logs cut at long distances from the lum-
ber manufacturing establishments.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

The Railroad Gazette of Sept 2Sth re-
ports the construction Of 208 1-2 miles
of new railroad throughout the United
States during the month ending Sep
tember 25th, making 1899 miles thus far
this year. The total new track reported
in the corresponding date for twelve
years past has been as follows: 1888
1906 miles; 1882, 7,2S5; 1881, Alta; $780,
1907; 1879, 1924; 1873, 1857; 1877, 1869;
1876, 1,677; 1875, 804; 1874, 1896; 1873
2,7Ss; 1872, 1870. The statements in
clude main tracks only, no account be-
ing taken of second tracks or other ad
ditional tracks or sidings. Last weeks
report was about the largest this year.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

he put into his pocke and prepared to
leave the house. As he was crossing
the threshold he turned, and, looking
her full in the face, said. well, Eliza,
you have got married again, and hope
that you will do we'll by your husband
and live comfortably. lam your daugh-
ter's father" r.
The poor woman knew him then, and,
almost fainting, cried in thrilling tone,
"Oh, Jim" but before she could recover
her composure he had walked away.
He has since left the country.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

A noticeable feature in South Ameri-
can commerce of late has been the very
large increase in the number of steam
ers visiting Argentine ports. There is
said to be foreign steamer now for al
most every day of the month. Five
steamers now ply regularly between
Beunos Ayres and Bahia. Blanca, a fact
which strikingly testifies to the devel-
opment of the southern territories of
the republic. These vessels are British
built, and owned chiefly by British cap
italists
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
WADENA,

It is not very creditable to the skill
and enterprise of American saw-makers
that, while an American band say forty
feet long is produced for $45, French
blade the same length costs $40, and is
much the cheaper even then because of
its superiority.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

The art of tempering copper which
was known among the ancients appears
to have been lost, although it is so de-
sirabie that it should be understood. It
has been repeatedly attempted in mod
ern times. but unsuccessfully. In this
the people of the dark ages appear to
haye been much in advance of those of
the present day. Copper implements
found in the graves of Indians which
have undoubtedly been buried for CEN
turies, are found to be tempered equal
to the steel implement of the present
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
The Leyee Convention.

V1oKsBURG, Miss, Oct. 2.-In the Interstate
levee convention Arkansas and Mississippi only are
represented. The following was adopted:
=, Whereas, The Improvement of navigation of
the Mississippi river and the fixing and preserva-
ton OF it's harbors and landing places is a duty
aevoivlng et upon the national government, under
the authority OF the constitutions especially under
the clause authorizing congress to regulate com
MERGE among the States; and,
whereas, The rapid development Of agricultural
pursuits in the territory between the ALLEGHENY
and Rocky mountains, the great watershed Of the
mississippi has increased the food height of the
river. causing crevasses injurious to commerce and
subjecting great part Of the valley to destructve
foods: therefore, be it
Resolved, That it is the imperative duty OF con-
gress to improve the navigation of the Mississippi
and Its tributaries 80 to facilitate commerce bv
cheapening transportation for the great North
west, and protect from destructive foods the ter.
ritory now subject to annual overflow.
Resolved, That this convention deem it imnor-
tant that the question it is here 70 discuss should
be constantly kept before congress- and the people
Of the Union until the final object has been accom-
plished. We advise permanent organizations rep
resenting all the people of the valley and trbuta-
ries interested In the subject to endorse the plan
of the Mississippi river commission, expressing
belief in final success. - ~ : :
An executive committee was appointed to meet
in Washington to aid in securing the necessary
legislation. The convention then adjourned.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
Another English Enoch Arden

rIo'u 'ue MarypOrt Advertiser.
Upward oftwenty years ago husband
man, native of Cumberland, married
girl belonging to the county. The newly
married couple went to reside with the
brides friends. The bridegroom, how
ever, could not agree with them, and in
the course of a few months he left his
vile and went away, no one knew
whittier. The woman had reason to be-
lieve that her husband, after leaving her,
took his passage in the ill-fated steamer,
London, which in the year 1866 found
ered on her voyage to Australia: Seeing
IN the list OF those who perished name
similar to that of her husband, the. wo-
man concluded that he was dead. Short
~ after her husbands departure she
gave birth to daughter, and the two
lived together for long time without
any particular incident occurring to
changesthe current of their daily ife.
After waiting for many years the woman
married miner residing in a village
near Maryport, and the pair have since
lved happily together. The daughter
OF the first husband is now married and
mas gone to Newcastle to reside.
"A few days ago the first husband made
his appearance at the residence OF q
sister in Wigton, and to her he stated
that he had been for some time living
In Newcastle. He then made inquiries
respecting the wife he had left, and was
surprised to hear that he had a married
daughter living in Newcastle.-the very
town that he had himself been residing
land that the wife he had deserted
was married again. His sister was un-
able, however, to give him the address
OF his daughter; and after waiting upon
some of his relatives at Mavyport-to
whom he announced his intention of
searching for the daughter he bad never
seen:-he proceeded to the residence OF
bis wife, not far from the town, IN or
der to obtain his daughters address.
The second husband was NOT at home
when the wanderer made the visit, and
the woman was in the house alone. He
knocked at the door When the woman
opened it she failed to recognize him
and asked him what he wanted. The man
asked il she had = daughter alive, and if
so, where she was living. The woman
wished to know his reason tor asking
such question, and inquired il he was
aaif xalatiYe Of her daughters husband.
& aSIsa -
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
NEWS OF THE STATE.
SCHOOL. FUND ABPORTIONMENTs

How Mach the Several Counties OF Mlnne-
sofa VIII Receive Of the Education Fund.
The following statement Of the fall appor-
tionment Of the State school funds, by counties,
with the humber Of children enrolled, has been
prepared in the Office of State Superintendent
Of Public Instruction D. Il Kehle. The appor-
tionment is made on the basis of 81. Is per
rifo
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
FOREIGN NEEy1G GOSSIP.


A correspondent at Hong Kong cables the
following: 1 have just returned from Can
ton. Affairs there are in very critical con-
dition. The populace is greatly excited
over the result of the Logan trial. Com
munications between the English quarter is
entirely cut of. Incendiary placards are
posted on the walls of the vlceroy's palace
daily, and are torn down by TIE police.
They proclaim that should the French
feet threaten an attack the mob first of all,
will kill all foreigners and destroy their
property. The mob is ripe for rebellion
Mandarins of the highest rank are insulted
and spit upon while going through the city
Troops are being drawn from outlying
posts to guard the palace of the viceroy
The foreign quarter is safe, being under the
cover of six gunboats, incluaing the United
States steamer Palos. Even in Hong Kong
precautions have. been adopted. Arms for
volunteers have been deposited in two
banks aud the night patrols have been in-
creased.
No fewer than 1900 trains leave the sta
tions OF London every twenty.four hours
Every hour between ten in the morning
and II at night, 1000 trains start for the va
rious railway termini in London-thst
is, at the rate of 12O and more every hour,
VI tWo utAute, Ill u"y lOliS, no. lHCluu-
ing the trains on the Metropolitan and
Metropolitan District. Or the 2,20O trains
dispatched daily, 1, $50 serve on the suburbs
and a suburban region of thirty miles
around the city. Fifteen leave for Scot
land andaIreland and sixteen for the CONT
nent.
Excitement prevailed at Montreal, re-
Gently among fnanciers, on its leaking out
that Thomas Craig, president aud general
manager of the suspended Exchange bank.
made himself advances to a large amount
The definite sum het being positively
mated from $150,OOO to $3.50, 900. He as
serts his liabilities are covered by security,
but the money. was appropriated to his
own use without the knowledge of some of
the directors. if not all.
Co.. King Harmon, M. P. for County
Dublin, and Lord Arthur Hill, MI for
County Down, laid the foundation stone of
a new Orange hall at Belfast, Ireland, re-
Gently. A number of Orangemen assem-
bled to witness the ceremonies. 1t was the
largest congregation for twenty years. Du-
ring the proceedings the stand collapsed
Advices from Madagascar state that Ma
kobo, commander of the Havas forces, has
offered rewards for the slaughter ofthe cap
tain of any French man-o:-war which shall
wreck and burn any vessel. The same ad-
vices report the French garrisons at
Tamative and Majanga virtually block
AIDED.
"a reward Of 41O0 is offered for the arrest
OF Gen. Warden, secretary Of the London &
River Plate bank, who absconded. The
bank loses from ESQ, 600 to f10O, 900 by his
defalcations, but it's surplus Is supposed to
cover al losses. Warden was also manager
OF the bank. Is sss:sE 2ss lzt
Bradlaugh has addressed aletter to Sir
Stafford Northcote, in which he declares he
will again demand his seat in the house of
commons on the ereassemb1in Of arliament
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11
Burning of the Exposition Building
at Pittsburg, Pa.

About O'Clock, a. M, on the morning
of the Sd inst, the Exposition building at
Pittsburg, Pa, caught fire, and in twenty
minutes the entire building, together with
the machinery and Floral hall were In
ashes. The fire was discovered first in the
machinery department., and in order not
to frighten the citizens q still alarm was
sent In. and in this way the flames got be.
yond control, so that before the fire depart
ment REACHED the ground the build
ings were almost burned down. When
it became known that it was the Exposi-
:ticn, although 1t was 80 late, an immense
crowd was soon on it's way to the scene OF
the great oonaagration. The reflection
from the fire lit up the country for miles
around, and IN the furthest end Of the citya
paper could be read a. easily a. In daylight.
l1t Is believed the loss Will amount to moro
than $4,000. $50. The exhibits consisted Of
AL varieties Of our products and industries,
including many valuable relics, such as the
arabian locomotive Of the Baltimore d
{ Ohio Railroad, which WAS the first looomo-
tive built In this county.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

There does not appear to be that
unanimity of feeling and opinion in Ire
land which precedes national victory.
The old feud between 0rangemen and
Ribbonmen is revived, and the bitter
antagonism comes to the surface in the
shape of mobs and riots.
The Northern Pacific farmer., 1883-10-11

J. w. Ashworth Of Worthlngton, Mlnn.,
deputy supreme commandsr Of Minnesota
Select knights q. o. q. W, has organixed,
In 81. Paul, Capital Legion, No. S With
thirty SchArtsr a q l3ktAil hmm e
legion pt Ainn6ar is, undsr oommand sof
81. "a Ras Hat tAs osGaniyat0n.
The 8elec Knighh ~ to tho Ancient
Order sf Unftsd Wofk fknsn what the Knights
Templax are TO Masonry.
Ebenezer Lathrop, and old and respected
citizen of Benson, died recently, ,..aged eighty
years.
3 The engineering corps of the Cannon VAL
ley road is still in the vicinity Of Mankato.
It is engaged in running lines and making
observatiors, but everything so far is in a
chaotic state.
William Loomis of Bancroft died recent.
ly aged seventy-three years, of keart dis.
ease.