The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-02-03
AGRICULTURE.

almost always seen on the north or west
side, whereas 1t should be on the east and
south sides. 1t is the cold that injuries or
chards and the protection on the north or
west will scarcely make i. any warmer.
An orchard should always have northern
and never southern exposure. And why2
Because the southern exposure will cause
the buds to expand SO early that the frost
will nearly always catch and kill or dam-
ago them. On the contrary northern ex-
posure will keep them back until after
danger from frost has passed. II the frost
mclts away before the sun reaches the
bloom, the fruit will not be killed; but If
tho orchard has an eastern exposure, 80
the early sun can reach the bloom, the
fruit will nearly almost ALWAYS be killed
by a sharp frost. If the orchard has wes-
tern exposure, or is protected by dense
woods of tall hmbers on the east, the frost
will melt away before the sun reaches it.
The orchard thus protected will bear every
year. have noticed this for many years
and know 1t to be true.
PREPARING CATTLE FOR WINTER.
man, who, thinking to build cattle up for
winter on turnips, containing only ten per
cent. OF starch and no oil, or on parsnips,
generally counted as pretty good iced, vet
with only eleven per cent. of starch and
no oil, will make very slow headway III
deed, Preparatory to tho coming on of
cold weather cattle require concentrated
food, such as is the opposite Of being wa
terry and washy. A moments considera-
ton OF the fact that oats or corn standing
III value as seven TO one, while the food
value OF turnips or carrots IS as one hun.
drcd and fifty to one, will show that the
latter should not be relied upon when
strength and flesh need to be- obtained
without undue delay. 1t Is intended to
snow bT this statement Of the relative val
ues OF the articles named that seven pounds
OF oats or corn are equal in discriminating
value to hundred and fifty pounds of
tho roots named.
SHRUBS BEARING ORNAMRNTAL BERRIES.
Many times people wish to know what
shrubs they may plant on their lawns that
vii. produce ornamental berries after the
flowers and leaves have fa.,.cn in Autumn.
We name the black aldcr( I',ifos verticit-
tatuS), found growing wild in swamps and
bearing protuson of scarlet colOred bcr-
rles; tho burning bush (Euony,,ns aho-
Iup~1'euS); the red and purple barberry:
the mountain ash and Buffalo berry; tho
snowbcrry, and the like. Nothing adds
more to the beauty Of the lawn in late Fall
or curly Winter than these shrubs bearing
vari-cOlored fruits. They seem to proloug
the beauties of Summer into the season of
ice and snow,
Inc barberry makes fine plant for a
hedge, being a vigorous grower. Seeds
should be first sown in tho nursery and
then transplantcd to the fence row. 1t IS
Dr0n0UNtpG "a
Also. The green and purple leaf are hardy
valietlts.
DOME OF TIE BEST PEARs For the ben
cilt OF those who contemplate planting pear
'recs anothcr season, we will name q few
OF the best varieties. The Bartlett ripcns
last OF september or earlier, keeps good,
and is of good quality; Belle Lucrative, a
rlch, juicy pear, but not so profitable as
others Tor market. ClNpp's Favorlte is
large, handsome fruit, and Of fine qaallty
when picked early. Tyson is IN early
pear or good size, and the tree is a prol .f3c
bearer; quality OF fruit fine. Seeker is al
ways desirable variety; tlno flavor and
good keeper. Clairgeau IS handsome
fluit and OF an extra large size; the tree is
apt to oVerbcar when oung. D'Aniou IS
flrst-ratc market pear. and the tree is an
ideal growcr;lt keeps well until December.
FARMERS arc often at loss to know
how to clean al old pork barrel making
1t fresh and sweet We have seen tic
following plan recommended II ia
simply to I'LL the tainted cask or barrel
with fresh earth; let it stand couple
OF days, when this should be cmpticd
out and moro earth pnt in. After two
or three DAYS empty this out, and make
assurance doubly sure, invcrL the bar
rel and burn burn under 1t some bits of
cloth saturated with solutions OF sulphur
and birthstone.
a CORRESPONDENT takes a scnsible view
OF the value of large or small potatoes for
seed. His opinion is that there is no off.
ference in any respect, except the fact that
the large potatoes furnish more nourish-
ment 10 the young plants at tho beginning.
For sandy soils he recommends the plant
ing OF whole tubcrs without cutting, after
ward thinning out all the plants in the
hill to single one.
AN Illinois farmer gives the following
directions for curing CALLED shoulders IN
horses, and says that it is infalliblc: Take
tho leather and burn 1t to crisp; rub the
bone on the CALLED part. A fow appllca-
lions Will effect perfect cure. A now
work horse put to tho plow this spring re.
ccsVed several gals on both shoulders, A
few applications Of the burnt leather mac
them as sound as never injured, and no
scar is now soen.
AMONG the objections to fal-plantod
trees are that they are frequently put i'm
loosely, while many of the roots do not
come III contact with the soil Hence, tc
their great Injury, the roots do not heal,
nut dry up. 1t should be remembered that
1t ls the drying up of the stems by cole,
frosty wIpds. and not SO much low tempe
rature, that Injuries tall planted trees.
HEAVY sows often kill their pigs by
crushing them when attempting to give
them nourishment. AS the cow seeks
convenient place generally, it la mostly
against tho side of the pen, where the DIG
are unable TO escape. BY mailing board
all around the sides only high enough for;
the pigs to>run under,tho SOW is Kept away
from the walls and the pigs are safe.
CoLoNRL EDWARD RICHARDSON, of Mis-.
SissIppi, has 10000 acres OF cotton land,
and last year raised IL 600 bales. He also
manufactures the products of his fields.
He is the LARGEST cotton raisnr in thn yyor,d