New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1883-07-23
INDUSTRIAL GERMANY.
PORTER. MEMBER OF THE LATE
By "o' TARIFF COMMISSION.
nno,pERrrY IN THE COAL AND IRON RE-
GfON.

-,o-pERTTY IN The COAL AMI AsON A
GfON.
.prcr.r. CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBuSEi
n,ssr,.poRF, Prussia, June l.-ot tne nanuieu
,a 60 which have visited in the last SIX
sue ..h. for THE TRIBUNE, not one mas presen'0u
mon'n IA attractions for all classes of inquiry as
Ns-..,aorf The antiquarian can trace lie history
~ thousand years, and yet not name Win oei-
.s;n,v its founder give the date OF It's ioun''
.,on But though its origin. ana the queS''o'
h.,hsr an old archbishop OF the tenth century was
,.s not the founder of Dusseldorf are sui us'
IT'D noints, its history, after IL came ih'o 'no
r,sssssou of the Dukes of Berg oftentImes became
a.r;ousy associated with great natlonai struggies'
"a the disasters of left indehble marks lroin
v,h;eh its later history can be traced. DuSSeiuoii
Suffered greatly in the Thirty Years war anu INC
War Of the Spanish Succession, but regaiheu us
nrosoerity At the close OF the last century fIohon
cannon played havoc with Dusseioori' ana lew
wars later it became the capital OF the Napoieonic
Duchy of Berg, and from this time It's pohtcai lni
nortance began, for in 1873 1t passed Win the
Duchy into Prussian possession, ana the froVlhciai
Parliament for the Rhine Province meets To-Day III
Dusseldorf. A..
7, art too. Dusseldorf ranks high, and it is the
oon,r. If a celebrated school of painting. found
hoe b,en making study of the history of the art
s.hool Of this place and will soon publish very
interesting volume in English on the subject. From
M Wamer learn that the celebrated Dusseldorf
Gallery. which was founded IN the eighteenth ecu
tury by Johann Wilhelm contains some of the most
renowned paintings by Rubens, Rembrandt,
Ranhael Titan and other masters Unhappily for
dusseldorf in 1905 they were too cOnhding, and
when the disasters of war threatened the town this
valuable collection of the old masters was removed
70 Munich with the understanding that IT should be
cant hack when peace ones more returned TO bonn
barded Dusseldorf But possession was ten points
Of the law with Munich and all the efforts of Dis
sedorf TO regain Its lost treasures proved futile, and
they now form the most valuable part Of the coliec-
ton in the old PiDakothek. Munich. An appeal 10
the present Empire resulted in an order on Munich
TO build Dusseldorf several art institutions. which
has been done, and some handsome public buildings
in part compensate the town for its loss.
Peter Cornelius. the leader of the German art re-
yiyal. was born in Dusseldorf, and his father was
the inspector of the Dusseldorf Gallery. Cornelius
came nearly being apprentced TO Dusseldorf gold
smith. When he was still young man he was
called by the Prussian Government to remodel the
Academy of his native town. But the great work OF
this Dusseldorf man was accomplished for all Ger
many, which at the beginning OF the present century
had no national school of art and was, in fact,
behind all Europe. In half century Cornelius
founded great school, revived mural painting and
turned the gaze of the art-word toward Munich.
Under Wilhelm Won Schadow. the next director, the
Dusseldorf school abandoned the classical
fresco style and from that time the
present era dates. The co-woTkers of Scbadow
were Hiibner, Leasing Hildebrandt. Sohn, Muecke
l. ~ h. ooc.
distinguished artists, and some of their handsome
residences were pointed out 10 me in my drives and
walks through the city The annual festivities and
asonerados given by the artists of this city of
a remarkable description Among the resident
artists who are well known in America are Professor
Janssen. Professor Andreas Achenbaeb, whose
wonderful marine pictures are TO be seen in the
Academy and in the art empO-iums of the city.
Gabhard. Professor Miller and Professors CamDhau-
sen. Lauenstein, HUnter, Older, Kroner, Painter
and Reyer.
The great German poet Hene was born in Dis
seldorf, and during the French occupation Of the
city was picking up the rudiments of his education
at the GYMNASIUM, Lyces tasit was called during
the foreign occupation) OF bis native town. Upon
his uniting school, q stool Dusseldorf counting
house was prepared for him. bnt tie greatest writer
Of the latest period in imaginative literature cared
little for the stern facts Of commercial life, and
after short trial the stool was left vacant and the
future poet sent to Bonn University to study for
the Law. The philosopher and novelist JokoiI was
native Of Dusseldorf and this town was the birth
place of Won Sybel, the historian of the French
Revolution. and many other literary celebrities
Thus in antiquity, art, war, politics. poetry,
philosophy and history, Dusseldorf affords an in-
teresting field for investigation and at the same
time it is situated IN the greatest manufacturing
province OF Prussia and it is itself the seat Of vari-
Gus important industries while the Governmental
district bearing ats name employs more persons in
industry generally than any district of Rhineand
or Westphaa.
The stranger and tourist who views its still
large collection Of original drawings and sketches
by the old masters and admires the valuable speci-
mems of the local school who drives through the
broad, even streets shaded with stately trees who
enjoys the rich foliage of its grand old park or
who loiters on the picturesque river bank, does not
connect Dusseldorf with the iron steel and coal
industries of Germany. 1t is not gloomy, black
place like Sheffield, nor is it a monotonous choco-
late-colored town like marlborough does the
town and it's surrounding neighborhood partake Of
the squald misery and filth of the South Wales
coal districts Yet the entire ncighborhood for
miles around Dusseldorf is thick with immense iron
and steel works and coal mines. Instead of a bar
waste like the Black Country in England the
spaces of country between the works are often
highly cultivated and the mills and
eoal-pits are not infTequenty located
amid the fields and meadows The people
employed in these works and mines live
as rule in neatly built brick houses containing
generally three rooms and kitchen, and every
house has small garden attached in which the in
Gustrious m raise a NJ
bies
lspent a day at the celebrated Krupp works al
Essen, but the account of those works will be
worthy special letter. Also the Bochumer Steel
Works at Bochum; the Horde Mining and Iron
Cornpany's works at Horde the Good
Hope works at Oberhausen; the Union Iro.
and Steel Works at Dortmund and several othe