Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1883-11-17
TEACHERS INSTITUTE.
TIE CLOSE or rur rKoUEEDISos.
Prof, WHITE Concludes uts Discourse-Dr
Brooks Address-Lnst Work OF
ft,a

w bINtA NN : y OiNNh anu htNtIal llNINs
of music were sung,
Art criticism.
Prof. Smith made n brief address on art
criticism in which ho made somo valuable
suggestions regarding tho subject and com.
position OF pictures, The Larmoniaing Of
coiors, and the truo principles Of orticis.
ing works of art.
Punishment tn scnool.
Prof. White concluded his discourse,
taking up the subject of school punish.
meut. He said that rs long as there II
necessity for them there must be rules for
the government Of the school, these rules
must be enforced and tho penalty provided
| for their violation must DO inflicted. The
object of punishment is first to prevent
wrong dcing-to make the pupil better,
to amend him second to deter others
| from wrong. doing tho third, to put the
seal Of condemnation on wrong dong.
What should be tho characteristics Of pun
ishment to secure those three ends First,
| 1t should bo certain the certainty Of pun
iShmout is always more effective than its
severity; second II should be just; its re-
lation to the oTonso should be 50 evident
that everyone can see it and say CHATS
| right" The old sChoOlmastors continually
violated this principle, their punishment
| was blow for every onepce, no matter
| how llgTant or how trivial, The third
| characteristics of punishment ia that IL
should b. natural or conseqrcntially, not
| artificial. DR.. White argued that tho
forfeiture of certain privileges enjoyed by
| the scholar is n much moro effective pro-
vcntivo of wrong doing than corporal pun
| ishmcut. suppose boy uses pTofane lau.
cuage on the playground IL he is whipped
| for it he will bo apt TO say
must be more careful next time; must
see that the teacher is not within hearing
\ better plan would DO to say to him.
"you violated an important rule OF the
school; there must bo no profanity on tho
school ground; you cannot hereafter go out
| at recess; you shall have o recess, but Il
must be by yourself /. will not do to allow
tho other boys to hear your bad language
The boy should then be kept in during
recess for rs many days as may be ucces.
slry, until he himself says that no feels
certain that be will not again commit the
| offence. So with the girls-if two OF them
who are greatly attached TO each other
and sit together In school will persist ~
talking, separate thcm; tell them the
cause, and keep them apart until you and
thoy are certain they can overcome theiI
inclination to talk. While DR. White was
much opposed 70 corporal punishment,
and would avoid II wherever 1t is possible,
he thought those boards Of directors whG
prohibit IL, make u great mistake,
There are cases gheTo il is unavoidable
except by the expulsion Of the pupil, and
that Is a great deal worse then corpora
punishment. The bad boy more than any
other needs the restraining and Tedning
influences OF the school; he is entitled Il
an education, his parents may demand IL
and the good OF the state demands it
Prof. White concluded by relating an in
terestiDg case within his own knowledg,
where an uumanageable school that haC
deGed the authority of several teacher
was brought into subsection by lad!
teacher who thrashed seven Of them til,
first hour of the day and had no trouble
with them afterwards.
Music By tho institute.
Address by Dr. Edward brooks.
DR.. Edward Brooks, late principal of tn
Millersville normal school, was introduced
, by the county superintendent. DR.. Brooks
after thanking the institute for the cordia
, manner in which il had greeted him, saiC
that an eminent educator had referred I
, the work Of the teacher as "tho puro On
beautiful thing known as teaching.
Everything possessing great excellence o
, beauty is characterized "a art. Sculpture
painting and music arc the embodiment 0
, the beautiful, and are therefore classed o
, the fine arts. Teaching also belong
TO the fine arts and among then
all it Ia tho highest the best, tho mos
beautiful and divine. The painter th
sculptor, and the musician, each h1v
, their ideals OF beauty. Tho sculptor soc
| his ideal in tho block OF marble, aad all b
has to do is TO chip away the rubbish an
: reveal the living form. Tho painter see
: upon the bare canvas the creation Of hI
= genius, and cmbodies upon II as nearly a
a he eau the divine picture his imagluG'to
= has conceived. II the teacher be &n arts
" he too must have his ideal, and his idc
must be education. And what Is tho dt
finition Of education? Some one have sal
Teaching treats Of all dcys,opm mt of th
powers of man, aud the furnishing b
. mind with knowledge" First, then CONT
a the development of tho activities of IL
= mind, and second, the furnishing Of /
4 And how shall the mind bo developed
= BY culture. Culture develops everythin
|, 70 which il is applied; by it the sOurs
:, crab apples have been developed into Cd
choicest fruit; weeds have been deyelopG
'. into the most beautiful flowers; wild an
!. | mails have been domesticated and improve
a and the race of man by culture has bee
:, raised from the savage TO the ciyllize
!, state. The child's mind, then, must
developed by culture, and then Furnished
How shall it be furnished Not as
house If furnished by filling it from u
ir outside, but by the art OF u
/. teacher whose mission ii is to develop ap
4 bring out the knowledge that ia within
"a The mind is not q cistern, into whic
a water is to be poured until it is filed; bu
or is rather O never falling spring that eush
a forth and flows onward forever 10 q
~ tempt to furnish the child's mind froi
NJ without is as If We were to attempt
az furnish the leahess trees with leaves al
a buds and flowers. We may indeed OF
i leaves aud flowers from various oolort
"A paper, and with q world of trouble NAL
a semblance of rehabilitating the tre
n, but 1t is only transparent sham, vlsib
to all but il We wait till tho warmth
springtime draws the sap from the roo
of the tree into the trunk and branche
>. then the buds will swell, the leaves wi
,e appear, the tree will be clad in verduI
l. tho blossoms will open, and the air will
n filed with perfume. 30 Of the mind OF 9
no child tho knowledge Is there aud 1t is
M the art of the teacher it is TO be drawn OF
ne DR.. Brooks spoke OF the great work
,js the masters he had seen in the gaileri
be of ROme and Florence that had been 7
ad admiration of the world for centuri'
q. Even these in time must fade and pa
away but the soul pictures, the work
the teachers, shall exist throughout ete