Daily Republican., 1883-09-15
|IABDR AT THE SOUTH.
pREsENT CONDITION, FU
r,r puIISPECTs AND HABITS
~" TuE NEGRO WORKMAN.

uE PRESENA
n"pr PROSPECTS AND HABITS
of THE NEGRO WORKMAN.
Afr John G. Calhoun, grandson OF
W.: y south Carolina statesman and mana
Of the great plantation syndicate
Arkansas, testified before the Senate
,mmittee yesterday rs to the labor
,na,ion in the South. Mr.. Calhoun
,,;rotes some eight thousand acres,
a;uy several adjoining plantations
,rchased pI and operated by a syndicate
Nav York and foreign capitalists
liz ;v the second most extensive cot
~ ~, nianlation in the South, the holding
Mr. Edward Richardson, OF New Or
ans, being the largest.
M Mr. calhoun was asked -" What is
,r condition of the laborers in your
"The ''T laborers in the Mississippi Val
- are AGRICULTURAL but few whites
~ employed they soon become land
mner. ar tepants your question, there
,rr reduces itself to, What Is the con-
Ctiou of the negroes " should say
ood as compared with few years ago,
nd improving you must recoIlcct that
is only eighteen years since the me-
woes emerged from slavery, without
Altar and with no education, and that
or generations they had been taught to
'eIy entirely upon others for guidance
nd support they became, therefore, at
krce the east prey OF unscrupulus men,
rho used them for their personal ag-
(roudizement, were subjected 10 many
rdueuces, and did not discover for
ears the impositions practlced upon
hem they were indolent and extraya-
{ap,, and eager to buy on credit every
Kim the planter or merchant world
ell them.'
WHAT THE LABoRERs GET.
"Under what system are the lahorers
N YOUR section employed ?''
"Tlere are three methOds-we hire
Cr wages, for part Of the crop, or we
lent.
"When hired for wages, what is
baid ."
"When hired by the month we pay
bpskiled field hands from $40 to $40
Der month and board when hired BY
le ""s, .o' 80 a, taa,nstaru nnn
He"'s o" 'I h,nJ ,r,i.,,. from
V.''l q ""9 ''a;.;o,, AN ,ha;r v,gas and
70 - II, n',, n'',,.o,' w r,rni.bad frso nt
kost, a house, fuel, garden spot, vary
u ',Dn a"n, o'' "nl ,a,,n win which tn
\" v. ""s1" a''l s,,',,Ii.s mad ,,a.tur.
l", tlel' ',' ,,.". "'h, na,,' o." ra,tIs .nI h,gs
- Mil'i' ,nos ',,u.''I '" ~ ra;s. y
N'''' ''''s "'' ''0''''' w. W.
blNlDIN" TIE 'h"I.
When you rent, what division is
kpaie >"
Where the latorrr owns his own
teaas, gear and implements necessary
fyr making Il crop, he gets twO-lhirds
bud three-fourths of the crop, accord
luo ,o thp uuality and location Of the
fald under the rental system proper,
Where labOrer is responsible and owns
tIls,eam, etc, first class land is rented
! him for So or Sle per acre with the
land 20 certain privileges, such as
hose heretofore enumerated
How many hours 90 the laporeiH
WORK ,
lhis Is an extremely ulhlcuit G"'S'
lOn under the wages system from sun
Use TO sunset, with u rest for dinner Oh
rom one and half to three hours' ac-
rording to the season OF the year J uil-
ger the snare or rental system th'rc 10
nn'ht time lost for III stance 'hey sci,
slOn work on saturday at an, ah" as
lie ana Is iertlle anu living can pe
maze ON a smaller acreage thah manu-
can cultivate they generally choose one
tAlrl less than they should, anu ~ Is
Sa.t to say that one-flird or the une
winch could and would be ntlliz", Dy
Ian !hdlistrlouS laborer Is wasted III
lsAlng, hunting and idleli"SH.
n'' ~ .he iei"'i9'' eHI'''ns
Friendly and harmonious the
Iplanter feels au interest IN the welfare
IOi his .abOrrrs, and the latter i'll turn
|look to him for advice and assistance. y
BIT LITTLE FEAR OF STRIKES.
what danger is ther. of strikes ?"
"Vrry little, a. a rnl. the laborers
arr Interested in the nroIuctiou of the
soil, md :, strik. wouiI he IA disastrous
| to them A., II wnulI hr to IN, propri
|c,os, tb.r. is r.lliv v.ry little con.
! rir be, wr4n labor and c,pital: the
cla,lc, in nv section if nuy should
CON. in III. future viii not assume the
| form of I,hnr ,g,;nst cani,al but of
/ ra g agains, r,re',
"lInw r,u1 1h. interest of the labor.
era OF yorr .cr,i,n he hast ,,bseryed ."
"Hv ~" ..t,ilishm.ut hv the States
% 'A' ea'aniisnhelI ny Wv nt"'''
|ina,,,n trnm f.J.r,l n1,itics nf ,be So
called nrgrn nnt.s,i,n anI hv leaving its
syIurjon n lima and n reduction Of
uyI1,nn L,,h inl; ;r"nt and ;uciI.utol
uu,. ' '''''''''''
""' HE NH'ho SHOULD DE h'''N
TED.
The great need of the negro, the wit
ness said, was Il better education they
~! "l''' inns from a money S'ah"pc'n',