Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1883-01-03

IOydl court AT OttdHds Inc Ndnaulsn5 live
too near the United States 10 care much
about royal courts. Sir John Macdonald,
the minister, is a perfect machine politician.
He appealed in June to the people to sup
port his protection policy. By inlrigues and
combinations among the French hdbitues
down the St. Lawrence he got his majority,
and lie understood now to be aiming at a
higher position than any previous Canadian
minister has attained TO. The great railway
that il TO connect Canada with the Pacific
coast is proceeding rapidly, and the 6ne
wheat-growing p~rAiries of Manitoba are rap
idly filing up with immigrants.
Ia Italy the greatest incident Of the year
has been the loss of one Of the three great
authors Of her liberation from the Austrian
yoke-Garibaldi has followed Cavour and
the first king of the restored nationality.
The premier, Depretis, has strengthened his
political position during the year; the suf-
frage has been extended by the reduction Of
the property qualification and other popular
changes, including a plan which gives min
ofitlC9 u IcpfCDcutdtlOus 4hSiO wan bOLnC
uncertainty as 10 whether the increase of
votes might not throw increased power into
the hands OF the priests, put as the more pspist-
ical Catholics refuse 10 vote, the government
has a good working msjOrily. Italy is not a
rich country, but the national finances are
improving, and important internal improve
ments have been accomplished, and some
reduction has been made in the public
debt. A great event Of the year is
the opening of the st. Gothard
tunnel, giving passage way beneath the tow
ering Alps. Italy is ambitious. Her people
aspire to see her take rank in councils and
conferences with the frat powers. This
causes some Jealousy and provokes some
laughter, but the prospect is that Italy will
become what she aspires 10 be. She still
carries on her contest with the clergy and
the Pope, being conscious that if the lard is
to prosper the civil power must dominate.
One important victory over papal claims
has been make good by the assertion Of the
Italian courts that the civil law dominates
within the Vatican as without it. The Pope
protests vehemently against this power Of
the Italian law, but he obtains no concession.
The tendency in Italy is TO take from the
clergy all that are privileges to them at the
expense of injustice to their fellow-citizens.
Ia his intercourse with foreign courts the
Pope shows much tact in gratifying those of
bis own lock and conciliating the rest. He
is well aware that if he ever gets reinstated
in his temporal power some of the monarchs
must do the work for him. The Italians are
aware Of it too, and their practical power is
mightier than the Pope's sentimentalisms.
In France the republic has held lis own,
but the party in power have shown a want
Of spirit and force. Gsmbetta was in power
at the opening of the year. He had a
project 10 elect members 10 the Legislature,
not BY districts, but by a large breadth of
country ''pooling their issues" 80 that each
voter would vote for all the members Of the
whole, instead of for one or two members for
a small part. This measure was not accept
ed by the Chambers aud he resigned, after
which he remained out Of Office. But he re-
manned the central figure in French politics.
In case of any crisis he was the man TO
whom France had looked. He commanded
a degree of public confidence no other man
did. The year closes with France in tears
for a brave, earnest patriot. An accidental
wouHd in~the arm from a pistol-shot took
him away. Freycinet succeeded Gambetts,
but his government was weak and was de-
feaied more than once, the president alone
sustaining him in power. The misfortune
10 France was that when the Egyptian diff
culties arose France retired sud left En-.
gland TO gather the laurels and reap the
profits. France is desperate at such a cruel
loss of advantages, but she has to pay the
penalty Of committing the destinies of the
country into incapable hands. Freycinet
resigned, and a still weaker minister sue
ceeded him under the lead of Duclerc. The
misfortune of the republic appears to be a
wantof men capable of guiding the young gov
eminent under its present exigencies. Theirs
is gone, Gambetta is gone, who shall succeed
them. Amid the strife of changing minis.
tiers little has been done in legislation. A
system Of divorce has been adopted TO the
indignation Of the clergy, Of whom the PEG.
pie in France are as watchful as those in
Italy, for, as a rule that has exceptions, the
priest is not the friend Of libe.ty. The
fall riots a. Montceau les Mines, and en-.
deayors to destroy public buildings by dyna.
mite aud bombs, showed the presence OF the old
conmunistic spirit, but energetic measu re-
were taken for its suppression. In January
thousands were ruined by the failure Of The
Union Generate, a bank got up under pious
auspices, and which had The Pops's blessing.
So vile had been the proceedings hat two
of the managers were sentenced to Eve years
each in Jail. France is still pursuing her
policy of foreign conquest; IRnis is still
held, and generally in quiet; a city has
been besieged in TonquiD, where the French
are adding TO their Cochin China possessions
They have laid claim to a large amount of
the seacoast of Madagascar, and are about
Congo river in Africa.
In Germany the principal figure has been
Bismarck, as usual. EARLY in the year he,
and the Emperor, at his dictation 40 doubt,
read the German Parliament a lesson upon
their inferior powers and the intention of the
executive to go-as-you.please. Bismsrek,
among his numerous political complications
and tergiversations, is "making it up" with
a. D.. lat ha atsl lafS the ,riacto EnA-
that they cannoth have everything their own
wayaHe has endeavored 10 secure for the
government monopoly OF the tobacco sod
in the country. 1t would render the throne
more independent OF Parliament for re-
sources; a heavy vote denied his wish. Prus-
STA had an election in October, which left the
Reichstag of about the same political COM
plexion as before.
Early in the spring the insurrection that
had broken out in Herzegovina was sup
pressed, but the feeling is still strong against
the harsh Austrian rule. In Hungary there
have been a number of Socialist trials, and
lately great excitement about a political ex-
~ecutiou, that of Ogerdank. Russia has been
generally tranquil. In February twenty
one Socialists were tried with great secrecy
and condemned, some to death, some to penal
servitude. In May the public prosecutor
was shot at Odessa, two of the assassins were
executed. A plot was discovered to destroy
the Kremlin at Moscow. The Gar has left
his retirement and safely visited Moscow.
Ruzoia is snnnaaad IN he nrobahlv The ohioof
of an understanding between Austria and
Germany, secret in IFS character, but Russia
is too deeply in debt to be likely to engage
in any extensive war. In Turkey the Sui
tan is a prey TO as much fear as the Russian
ing suspicious suggest that The madness
that is in his family is affect