davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily gazette., 1883-11-13

NOTICE.
TO DELINQUENT COUNTY TAxPAYERs,
NORTHERN DISTRICT WILMINGTON
HUNDRED. FOR THE YEAR 1881.
The undersigned hereby gives notice TO delln-
quent county tax payers Of the Northern Dis
without delay at the Southeast corner OF Fifth
and King streets, and settle for the same and thus
avoid costs, as these taxes must positively he
collected at once. THIS IS A FIN Al NOTICE.
nev1-tf WIN. KYNE, Collector.
NOTICES.-ANY WEIGHTs, SCALES
1N OR measures requiring inspection may be
JACOB DEAKYNE,
sealer OF Weights and Measures for New CASTLE
county. te26-tf
The daily gazette., 1883-11-13
REWARDa
FOR RENT.

FOR RENT.
EOR RENTAL MODERATE RATES,
l. DWELLINGS In ell sepilens Of the City
rom ts.0 to $50. 600 per menth. u will pay to
EOR RENT.--TWO SMALL HOUSES
Il ny GEO. w. bright,
noy3-tf blT Market street.
EoR RENT.-PART OF HOUSE TO A
my2s 1nT TATNALL STREET.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
VOL. XIII.
COTTON BANKING.

Col. Sterling r. Cockrell, president
of the Cotton Planters Association,
and a cotton planter of large expert
ence, is the author of Il financial
scheme which, if generally adopted in
the cotton growing sections, would
prove of immense advantage. He
proposes a chartered cotton bank,
with the privilege of using cotton
lands as security, and the right to
issue silver certificates of deposit. To
illustrate, Col. Cockrell takes his own
county of Jefferson, Arkansas, with
an annual crop of 10000 bales. These
10000 bales are to be converted into
yarn at mill, owned,by al combina-
tion of planters, Welding. in yarn, $75
bale, and realizing in England
81, 25O,OO0 in silver dollars. This silver
is deposited in a cotton planters bank
of Jefferson county, and silver certifi-
Gates issuei for it. The planters thus
avoid middle men and other expenses,
and realize $50 instead of S35 or $40
per bale in the lint. The annual de-
posit of $2,220OOO enables the
bank to discount planters paper
at per cent on twelve months
notes secured by real estate. When
the cotton is put into cloth by cotton
mills, to be erected by the combination,
it will yield $3.50 per bale. which gives
capital of $5,000,O0O on deposit. In
this way may the cotton belt be indie
pendent of foreign capital. The first
essential will be charter for bank,
which it is proposed shall not interfere
with the national banking system.
The extent to which the scheme and
corresponding increase of capital may
be secured is readily comprehended.
If feasible and practicable, and we
cannot see why not. the South would
be making cotton cloth through
out the cotton belt cheaper than
it can be made at Lowell or Man
chester. The result would be an
enormous capital raised from the
most certain gold and silver produc-
ing staple in America. With this
capital dug out of the earth the
South could do more than build spin
dies and looms. In short while the
cotton producers would be able to
establish direct steam communication
with Liverpool, on Southern lines of
steamers, inaugurating tide of
wealth in ;mmigration which has
made the East powerful, and the
bleak, cold region of the Northwest
rich and populous. There is no reason
why the system should not work.
The collateral which could be put up
by the cotton planters would be i'm
mense. The loans would be of a
different sort from ordinary banks,
and would not interfere with their
settled line Of transactions
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
LABOR INVESTIGATION.
"COnf1ict Between Labor and Mo-
nOpOly.'

NEW YORK, August 22.-Henry
George was the first witness exam
ined to-day by the senate sub commit
tee on labor an0 education. In an
sWer to the question whether he could
present any facts on the subject of
labor, George replied that facts could
better be obtained from Workingmen
themselves. There was one
of extreme dissatisfaction existed
among laboring classes upon their con.
ditio0l not improving with increased
no direct conflict between labor and
capital, but between labor and monop-
oily. Wages in each employment are
governed by certain circumstances,
but they must all depend on wages
obtained in most productive industry
in this country, and here this industry
is agriculture. Wages are higher in
new countries, because the soil has
not passed so largely into private
hands, and wages will not sink on an
average below what men can get by
applying labor to soil. There is no
such thing as general over-produc-
tion, although there may be special
over-production. The secret is under
production in something else, and the
laborer cannot obtain work, and thus
get means of paying for articles he
needs. This state Of things arises
from the difficulty of obtaining
access to natural resources
lands, which, as the country
becomes more thickly settled, becomes
the subject of land monopoly vast
tracts of land in the West, which. be-
coming owned by few private indi-
viduals, who obtain it at small cost
and hold it. Homestead laws, which
aim at giving every man a home, have,
in many instances, had just the oppo-
site effect. The telegraph business
should be under the control of the
government. 1t could be managed
much more cheaply and would, to a
great extent supersede the postal ser
vice. All improvements in telegraphy
would directly benefit the public. The
Associated Press in connection with
the Western Union company, has
been the means of defeating the re-
cent strike by influencing the public
press to take a stand adverse to the
telegraphers. Neither capital or labor
gets its fair compensation, their
joint product. or a great portion of it,
going to land owners.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
LARD AlULTERATION.
Repart OF the Committee Appointed
for the Purpose.

CHICAGO, August 22.-The follow
ing IS the report of the committee ap-
pointed to investigate charges of
adultaration of lard by Fowler Bros:
\ peculiar charge against the firm of
rendering quantity Of adulterated
lard to McGoech, Everinghsm Il Co.,
is not verified, aud the committee ex-
onerates the firm on that point. The
report. however, takes the stand that
Fowler Bros. deserve unqualified dis
approval and censure for the methods
they have observed in manufacturing
prime steam lard" The employment
of secret pipes and other appliances,
the report declares, lays the firm open
to suspicion of using cotton seed oil
and other contraband articles
in making lard, and unless this sus-
picion is removed the board of trade
should be relieved from all response
bility in the matter, The report con-
cludes by expressing qualification at
results obtained by the investigation,
and declares that as a result of scien-
tlfic research, provoked by trial of
detection of impurities in lard, by the
employment of microscope it can be
easily detected, and that the placing
of an impure article upon the market
could be made practically impossible
if proper inspection takes place.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

impression that the more he paws for
an article the richer he gets. With
this widespread virgin credulity to go
upon, protection might dive more
deeply than it does into the puTchas-
er's pocket. Instead of blaming man.
ufacturers and tradesmen for what
spoilS they collect, they ought to be
praised for their consideration. | said
to them frequently that they did not
know their opportunity nor take half
the advantage of it they might
1t was in vain that | said to
Workmen: Since you believe you
get higher wages under protection,
and since the cost of desirable articles
has increased 200 per cent, have your
wages increased IN the same proper
ton? Though they had to confess
that theJ were not receiving, as a
rule, an Increase of 20 per cent, they
still were content because their wages
were higher than formerly. They
We're Just where the working class of
England were forty years ago, who,
when Qn the words of the Radical
song) the Tories robbed them of n
pound and gave them two pence back
thought so much of the two pence
olln1 OlCg ONClIOVhtu lu6 tDSbTdtllOH
of the nineteen Shillings and ten
pence"
Not only are alleged high wages
under protection attended with "A con-
stantly decreasing purchasing power
but the laborer is constantly subjected
to the alleged damaging necessities of
the manufacturer, who places him in
half work and subjects him to other
distressing conditions. Protection
has produced over-production, and the
latter brings poverty and utter de-
pendence to the home of the Ameri-
can labOrer.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
PROTECTION AND OYER-PROTEC-
TI0N.

George Jacob Holyoake, since his
return to England, has been recount
ing his experiences on this side of the
Atlantic. He publishes in the Cen
tury his impressions as to protection,
and especially does he give his views
as to its effect. He says
"Land and common food are cheap,
but good clothing or ordinary COM
forts of civilization, which all desire
there, have to be paid for through
the nose,' until the nose of the con-
sumner is nearly worn off. Still he
does not object. For articles of con-
venience and appearance, e1 in Lon
don CT Manchester goes as far as
e3 in New York or Montreal. Hay-
ing occasion for a writing
handboard, such as could be bought
in London for Is. cd. or less, l was
charged Is. I'd. for one in Montreal.
ing, the tradeSman, a person of public
have protective duties to pay, which
seemed to him a satisfactory eXplana-
ti0n. | answered.; L shall be glad to
u6dl LUZ IiiCi Wucu yOu nave QubltS
protective of the purchase Having
occasion for a Testament in Boston.
the manager of an accredited Bible
store asked As. for a small letter, i'll
printed, ill-bound, shabby-looking
book; whereas in Northumberland
avenue. in London, any one can buy a
large-typed, well-printed. well-bound
copy for Is. Upon saying to the
manager, DO you tax the means of
salvation in America? he evaded the
answer by saying: 1--WE pay % per
cent duty on all books"
No workingman to whom l spoke
in these countries but was under the
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

WHILE discussing the destruction
of forests, the San Francisco Chroni-
Gle makes the following statements
as to the capacity of those of the Pa
cific slope: The average yearly cut
of lumber in Oregon and Washington
for the last thirty-fve years has been
in round numbers 100000 feet. Let
us assume that for the next thirty
years it will be three times as much,
or 216,OOO,OOO feet a year. At that
rate OF forest destruction it would
take 740 years to exhaust the timber
now growing from the Columbia to
the Frases, and from the sea backward
to the eastern slopes of the Cascade
Mountains. At an average lumber
consumption of 500,OO0,O00 feet year
there is forest sufficient to last 800
years, and in that time the timber
first cut would be reproduced.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

Coy. HAMILTON, of Maryland, has
given to the press five-column ad-
dress to the people of the state.
making several startling disclosures
about the conduct of his last three
legislatures, and showing improper
expenditures of state funds, aggre-
eating $500,O00. After speaking in
the most bitter manner of an oil
garchy of bosses controlling the Mary
land Democracy, meaning thereby
United States Senator Arthur p. Cor
man and his followers, the governor
says that since 1879, in several in
stances, the taxes and revenues of the
state have not been paid over by the
collection officers that hundreds of
thousands of dollars have been an
nually due from them for years, and
that looseness, disorder and confusion
everywhere prevail. Instead of yield
ing revenue, or even maintaining
themselves. the oyster and the to-
bacco services were serious charges
upon the treasury. The delinquent
officers, many of them well-known
politicians, now owe the state ST72,-
73S.OS.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

The Philadelphia Press prints
letter from James Buchanan, written
on September 21, 1861, and never be-
fore published, in which he said: 81
pursued my own steady course from
the beginning. The Charleston au-
thorities We're distinctly notified, over
and over again, that if they attacked
Fort Sumter should consider this at
tack as the commencement of civil
war. l need scarcely say that agree
with you in approving the active
prosecution of the war by the govern
ment; and l have never held any
other language since the Confederates
commenced it by the attack on Fort
Sumter. 1t would probably have COM
menced early in January had the SEN
ate confirmed my nomination of a
collector for the port of Charleston"
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
WASHINGTON.
News Gathered About the Capital
City.
SURGEON OWEN DYING.

SURGEON OWEN DYING.
Washington, ID. c., August %, 1888.
Telegram to the acting secretary
of the navy, from Pensacola, dated
the 2lst. says: "One new case to-day,
a child of paymaster Brom. No
deaths. Surgeon Owen is dying.
BANK AUTHORIZED.
The comptroller of currency auth
0rlZes the Corn Exchange National
Bank of Chicago to begin business.
Capital $1,OOO,00O.
IMPORTANT MEXICAN NEWS.
The surgeon general of the marine
hospital service has received a report
from Brownsville, Texas, from which
1t appears that black small pox is pre-
vailing with great mortality in the
towns of Tamatton and Purciacon,
Mexico; that yellow fever is reported
at Tampico and Panama, and the
black small poX is prevalent in Guate-
mala, the victims being principally
foreigners.
There were I60 deaths from cholera
in San Dionisio, Oxaca, during the
month, and Az deaths from yellow
fever in Vera Cruz the same month.
Early in August there was shower
OF thousand fishes in Monte Morales.
and an earthquake at Patcleka, caus-
ing twenty deaths and the destruction
of 230 houses.
The following circular has been sent
out by the state department to all
diplomatic and consular offices of the
United States:
To Diplomatic and Consular Officers of the
United States:
Gentlemen-It becomes my painful
duty to announce to you the death of
an illustrious citizen, whose last Off
clal public service was rendered to his
country as the head of this depart
ment. jeremiah S. Black, q represen-
tative man of his country, one dis
tinguished for faithful services in
various public trusts, having been
charged at different periods with the
administration of the department of
state and justice, departed this life on
the 18th instant~ 1t would seem par
tlcularly fitting that this department
should pay appropriate honor to his
memory. You viii therefore cause
the flags of your respective offices to
be displayed at halt-maSt, on recep-
tlon of this circular. and will adopt
the usual symbols Of public mourn
ing for the period of ten days.
Signed FRELINGHUYsEN,
Secretary of State.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

An electsie mashino, designed to
register and record the votes of par
liamentary bodies, is to be placed in
one of the rooms of the capitol at
Washington as an experiment, which,
if it works satisfactorily, will likely
be introduced into the house of repre-
sentatives. By this system an aye
and no call of the house of represen-
tatiyes can be made. 1t is claimed, in
less than minute. The machine
prints the name of each member and
indicates on what side he votes. 1t
also indicates the absentees and those
who are paired.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
FURIOUS FLAMES.
Another New York Fire-LOss. $780,.
OD0

New York, August ga fire
broke out this morning in the pack
ing shop of the Empire oil works,
Long Island City. The shop is a
brick structure. 250 by 700 feet, and
over one hundred men and boys were
employed il it. The flames spread
rapidly, and the shop was soon mass
of flames, with which the local fire de-
partment was totally unable to cope.
The tin shop building, 175 by 250 feet,
next caught, and was followed by the
barrel shop, about the same. size. The
flames next spread to one of the iarg-
est agitators in the yard, containing
$1,000 barrels of oil.
The Brooklyn fire department were
called on to aid and several engines
pluckily responded, but although they
worked hard the flames spread in
in every direction. The Hartland oil
works are in no danger. The damage
is already estimated at 100000 Pat
rick Cooney, a workman, was very
badly burned and three others in
jured seriously. James Clark was
badly injured by falling wall. The
fire is believed to have been caused by
a workman accidentally dropping a
hot soldering iron into an oil can.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

THE assessment of taxable property
In Boston for the present year shows
a valuation of $685., ,O00. 600. which is
nearlv one and half as much as the
taxable values of all Texas, more than
five times as great as the valuation of
Chicago, with its boasted 100000 pop
nlation, and $S2 100000 more than the
whole State of Missouri. including st.
Louis. The Boston valuation shows
an increase of nearly $l0.0O0.O00 over
that of 1882. The tax rate this year
Is Sl.45 on the 800. u reduction of 60
cents from the rate of last year, and
40 cents of this reduction comes from
knocking off the state tax under the
advice of Gov. Butler. Not only is
Democratic rule benefitting Southern
States, but here is lesson in New
ERgland, which may be studied with
profit by those who sustain govern
ments. The mayor of Boston is a
Democrat and Ben Butler, Governor
of Massachusetts,, is-well, he is first
class reformer under the probationary
influence of Democracy.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
THE EXPOSITION.
SO Far OF More Importance than the
One at Atlanta. Ga.

LOUISVILLE, August %. - The
Southern exposition has been open
three weeks, and the turnstile record
shows that in that time 100000 persons
have entered the building, not includ-
ing attaches, who enter through a
gate where no record is kept. The
number of visitors is six times great
er than those of Atlanta for the cor
responding period, and come from all
sections of the country, but the South
is most largely represented. Eastern
and Northern people reserving their
visits until colder weather. Attrac-
tions are all in shape now and visitors
are surprised with the display made.
The hotels are full of people and the
city is alive with sightseeing stran-
gers.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
THE MYSTERY.
A Missing Yacht Supposed to be
Heard Of

Boston, August 22.-The yacht
Mystery, which sailed from New Lon
don for Nantucket August II, and not
since heard from, had on board Leices-
ter Sargent, of New Haven; Rupert
Sargent, of York; Mr. Bartlett, of
New York, and Mr.. Hawkins, of New
Haven. Leicester Sargent is son-in-
law of Mr.. Glenn, who belongs to
Cincinnati. Mr.. Glenn and Leicester
Sargent's wife were spending the
summer at Nantucket. Sargent left
home with the party above named to
join them. Mr.. Glenn thinks it pos
sible that the yacht may have heen
blown off the coast and the passengers
picked up by an outward bound ves-
sci. Mrs. Sargent and mother returned
to New Haven, The bodies recently
picked up, one clad in a yachting suit
and life preserver, are supposed to be
of the Mystery.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
Through a TrestIe.

MEMPHIS, August 22.-As the west
bound passenger train on the Mem
phis and Little Rock railroad last
night was four miles west of Forest
City, Ark, a broken rail caused two
second-class passenger coaches, and
the baggage and express cars to go
through trestle, killing j. B. Sal
niger and Harry Oldberg, merchants
of Cotton Plant, Ark, and Jno. Adair,
formerly foreman of pile drivers on
the Little Rock railroad, James
Whitestock, agent of the Memphis
and Charleston railroad, had leg
broken, and several other passengers
received injuries, but not very seri-
Gus. The east bound train, due here
last night. did not arrive until II
o'clock this morning,
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
THE LABOR FEDERATION.
Report of the Legislative Committee
Appointed at Cleveland.

NEW YORK. August 22.--At this
mornings session of the federation of
organized trade and labor unions of
the United States and Canada, the
legislative committee appointed last
year at the Cleveland convention re-
ported that encouraging progress had
been made by the formation of local
unions, and in increasing the mem
bership of unions previously founded.
The report reviews the history of the
labor agitation of the past year, and
efforts made to obtain legislation
favorable to workingmen. 1t was,
recommended that prize Of $50 be
offered for the best essay on trades
unions and strikes. 1t was also sug-
gested that steps be taken to secure
harmony and unanimaty among all
trade and labor organizations of the
country
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
Adyices from Port an Prince

PORT AU PRINCE, August 9.-There
was large confagration on 7th in
slant, beginning at the educational
institute of Christian Bros. Four
blocks were destroyed. Loss, $25, 600.
A severe battle was fought before
jacket on August 3 and hundreds of
men were killed. The insurgents
claim great victory.
Government officials state that four
teen prisoners of war have been shot
by insurgents.
Miragoane and jacket are closed to
foreign commerce.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
THE following table shows the
density of population in the various
great cities of the United States:
THE movement for the denomination

The movement Tor the renomlnatlOn
of President Arthur has taken definite
shape in Ohio, where county executive
committees are being organized for
the express purpose of pushing his
candidacy. 1t is worthy of note that
the state in which Mr.. Arthur was
most unpopular with the republicans
at the beginning of his administra-
tion is the one most forward now in
behalf of making him his own sue
cessor. According to Private Dalzell,
however, not many of the straghtout
Garfield men love Arthur well enough
to vote him a second term. But this
cuts no figure, when the nature of the
Ohio beast is to lick the hand that dis
pelseS public places.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
A Modern Sbe-Deyi,

BUFFALO, N. Y. August 22.7 Jose
phine Bochere was arrested here last
night, charged with an attempt to
procure poison, with which to poison
her husband. Bochere has, on several
occasions been taken i'll, and it is be-
lieved it was caused by poison being
placed in his food. Mrs. Bochere is
possessed of some property and has
lately been receiving attentions from
one of her boarders.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30

In A PAPER read before the Gene
va hygienic congress, DR.. Daily main
tains that the deformities of people
may usually be traced to the positions
in which they are kept while at
school. That children are, as a rule,
well formed at the commencement of
school life, is indicated 10y the res
searches of DR.. Chaussier, who found
that only 122 out of $4,000 newly-born
infants examined by him possessed
abnormal peculiarities of any kind.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-08-30
By all Means Send Them.

CITY OF MEXICO, August 22-
The secretary of the treas
ury invites each state to send
two delegates to the capital on
October to discuss the manner of
abolishing internal custom houses in
conformity with a constitutional
amendment and to propose another
more equitable tax to replace loss suf-
fered by this state in consequence
thereof. The secretary says the ex-
tension of railroads has made internal
custom houses impracticable. The
convention will also discuss the best
means to enforce the article in the
constitution which prohibites states
from imposing eXportatiOn duties.