davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
Food and shelter on the Ranges.

There are in the far Western States
and Territories wide areas with pecu-
liarly mild innate. For several years
in succession, both cattle and sheep are
able 10 find their own food, and are in
fairly good condition IN spring. If the
climate were always like this, nothing
better could be wished. But there is
occasionally severe winter the snow
covers the grass. and the cold piercing
winds drive the animals before them.
Unfortunately there are no belts
timber, or brush, or even raviaes in
which the animals may find shelter and
rest and ey.often become exhausted and
perish. Provident shepherds and herders
hnd that this Is one of those cases In
which it is best to not ''take the
chances, but to provide store of food
each autumn, as if they were sure that
a hard winter would follow. In supply
ing food shelter may be provided and
a double object gained. The natura!
grass of the ranges, though coarse, is
sufficiently nutritious to keep the
animals during the winter, even when
allowed to die and dry where it stands.
Ii it can be cut and cured while yet parf
tally green, the hay is of far better
qualify. The simplest way to keep tine
hay is to set up row of posts, about II
feet apart these are to be connected by
other sticks running along and spiked
to ,ir tops. Lighter poles are then
la d from the cross-beam to the ground.
towards the north side, and near enough
together to sustain the hay that may be
piled upon them. This will make a
iean- to shed, which, when thIcdy
covered with hay, will afford abundant
shelter, and at the same time food within
reach. Afler a severe storm the hay
may be re-adjusted. and more, if need
bs, added. A more complete shelter
may be made by setting up two rows OF
uprlghts II or IA feet apart, using the
sloping poles as before. The two rows
of horiz 1ntal cross-beams, should be
connected by light poles. This will
allow larger amount of hay to be stored
out of reach Of the animals, and which
may be used to keep the sloping portion
of the shed in repair. Shelter of this
kind msy be made of any needed length,
and should always be so placed as to
afford protection from the severest
winds,
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
Bill Arp and sweet Potatoes

For some time past 1 have been sGt.cI-
,otiny a bir frolic Tor NE ant the children,
tor nv sweet potatoes were very hne, and
AZ the other dsy we got an early oreakiasi
and set in for the day. 1t took the plOW
nv an hour or so To clean oil tue Vine
for start, and 1 helped hun with a four
pr1uv hoe when the pioS got TOO iull 10
csrry lben NE and the three Ittle boy
undertook to pick up "a fast as the plow
,urped EN- out. | was to give quirteT
/, the chap who found the biggest potato.
,vb,ch | soon found vas bad policy for it
made 'en run over and skip good many
1ItIe ones and 1t kept me busy picking up
a hat they had leiI. Tne frolIc was splen-
did :or half day and enjoyed seeing tie
big ones roll up TO the surface almost as
u,Ich as | did when boy, but after din
n.rI didn't feel much like going back,
mt | had to 90, and | went aud stuck 10
il untiI plsht and we bunched 'em In little
niles and covered 'em up with the vines.
and the next day We went at 1t again, but
| didn't 90 with the same sIacrIty, and tle
bnys GOT tired of hunting for the biggest
one and one of 'em took The heada ache anG
laid down In the shade, and thought MT
night have Overw Jrked himself and sem
nm 10 the house 20 rest, and IN hiteen
minutes ne was setting the dog on cat up
a tree aud having bully me- We only
Ieoun-ed III a day and u half to close oui
the lob. and We worked hard and faith
fuI spd II TOOK rs three whole days, and
| never saw the Ike OF potatoes on an acre
Of ground, and towards the heel OF the
last day. which was yesterday, L was 81
rired Of seeing EN- roll out and picking
,en up wouldn't have dug another patch
If ANYBODY had give 1t To me. The iasi
DAYS digging was among the yarns, sno
he milky glue that run out OF 'em got 50
thick on my hanhs 1 had 10 soak and
rub and scrape 'em fOr an hour TO get II
I, snd 1t amt all OH yet, and my nngers
| .ooked ike they used 10 when | had been
huIling walnuts all day Saturday. But
belleve in potatoes and take comfort IL
hayiny plenty OF EN- during the winter,
/ and | lave always felt n feeling OF PRIDE
and nndence in our sunny South, De
cause we could raise 10 perfectlpn lOui
things that the Yankees cant, and these
arr G. ton and cogpeas and bermuda grss:
and potatoes. " hen our farmers iearf
! how 10 raise these things to perfscuon, WI
can DEFY the world and The nesn, snt
mighty uigl Keep the old devil 81 s res
| psctaole distance
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
A Tramp's Fortune.

Hereafter the etilOugntful-nInded citizen,
IN view of recent occurrence, will give
heed end ear TO the merry. merry tramp
who acc costs HIM with the old story of
Just little assistance until hear from
due me-" Some such yarn as this Away
accompanied the frequent demands tramp
named Jshn Whalen n.ade upon Disl-ic'
Attorney-elect J. ID. Sullivan, of San
francisco. Tramp Whalen generally
''struck" for two bits at time AMI was
soth consistent and persistent in his story
which was this: He claimed to have
small fortune awaiting him In L lglaud,
which could be secured BY any oue know
ing how to legally claim 1t for hun. The
fellow stuck TO 1t with such earnestness
that Mr.. Sullivan at last concluded thai
It was worth the time and postage OF one
letter 10 England. This he woe aud
while he waited an answer Tramp WhaleD
met the tate common TO city tramps-he
was arrested rs vagr int. A letter was
received by Mr.. Sullivan contsiniug the
surprising information th,t the described
Nhaien was entitled to 6. U00. or, II the
denomination Mr. Sullivan is accustomed
to include in his own accounts. SIS, COO.
This. of course, placed Tramp whslen
in the light of citizen whose where's bouts
1t was desirable to learn. The letter con-
tanned an earnest request that Mr. Sullivan
should forward his peculiar Client to Eng
lend at once. The attorney set about
hunting up the peripatetic Whalen and
was not much surprised TO leern that he
vas IN the gloomy shsjes Of the Central
Police Station, awaiting sentence as g
..vag." The plot worked admirably. Jusl
as the attorney, as he would IN play.
was preparing to rush to MS distrt ssed
client, with the $25, 900 Information. enter
messenger with prepaid cablegram
transferring $500 for Whalen's expenses
TO England. Armed with this, enter Sulli-
van in Police Court No. 2. Whalen,
ragged. dirty, detected. but calm, sat in
the prisoners DICK. Judge Rosenbaum
had Just fixed his judicial eye upon the
''vag," In mental debate whether 10 give
MIN twenty days In the County Jail, or
three months 10 the House of Correction,
where his abilities could be turned to the
making of country roads. The attorney,
with proper dramatic effects, explained
the situation to the Court The Court
reflected, and the poetry or dramatic
unities or something occurring to him, the
Court ordered the ''vag's" discharge on
condition that be leave the city and county
of San Francisco within "a hours. Agreed.
Exit attorney aud tramp.
Whalen was fitted out with an entire
suit of new clothes, gave himself sur
prise with bath and a shave, and. as Mr..
Sullivan Expresses 1t, ''He actually did
not know himself He visited several
of his old haunts, restaurants where ht
had begged meals, etc., AID was looked
upon a. thief in his new outfit. H LEFT
for England on the overland train via New
York
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
The Lake rrade.

While some steam craft are yet IN COM
mission, the carrying trade on the lakes
for 1882 is practically ended. The num-
Der of lives lost and the list of disasters,
great and small, are less than in nest pre-
vious years. Single instances OF casualties
attended with the loss of more than hal &
dozen lives have been rare. The Notable
exceptions are the burning of the steamer
Mabitoulin and the foundering of the Asia
osth OF which occurred IN Georgian Bay.
BY the former on May 18Th between 30
and 40 lives were lost, while by the latter
over 100 persons are supposed to have per-
lshed. Lesser noteworthy Casualties oc-
CURED on Thanksgiving day, when eight
men perished on the Canadian shore Of
Lake Ontario near Picton, and on Lake
Michigan, when the burning Of the steam
barge Peters occurred, caused the loss OF
10 nves The total number Of accidents
and disasters of all Classes Is about ITO ior
The season, with loss Of not far from l7s
iveA
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
Lonis Nnpoleon's Strategy.

II was one of the self-delusions OF
Napoleon Ill that he had inherited his
uncle's genius as strategist, aud he had
been guilty of the extreme folly OF
drawing up at Paris plan OF the
Crimean campaign, as imbecile IN con-
cepilon as it was impossible OF execu-
ton When it reached General Canro-
bert he c,mmunicateditto it to Lord Raglan,
according to instructions received. and
the disciple of Wellington found no
difficulty in pointing out its defects for
the reconsid ration of the Emperor. 1t
was for the carrying out OF this scheme
that the concentration OF the French
troops were ordered. The famous scheme
was that 10000 troops, haf OF them
French and half Turkish under the COM
mand of General Borquet and Omer
Pasha, should blockade Sebastopol,
without attempting TO press the siege
any further; that 55, 600 troops half of
them English and half Sandman and
Turkish, under the command of Lord
Raglan, should cover the blockading
force from the mouth of the Tchernaya
TO BalakIava, and that 10000 French
troops, reinforced by $4,000 more
French troops, then at ConstantiDopie,
under the command of General Canro-
bert, should embark for Alutcha, and
march to SImpheropol, which town they
could easily seize. by coup de main,
and hold as the French capital of the
Crimea, whence the whole peninsula
would be gradually taken possession of.
Lord Raglan curtly remarked, after a
perusal of the paper, that the blockad-
ing force would be driven into the sea
by the series of garrison twice as
strong as itself that the covering force
could not hold a position whose flank
was turned by the garrison and that
.he expediticnary force might take
Simpberopol, but that a nearer base OF
operations for Sebastopol would be
formed at Baghtsheh Serai- be then
politely handed back the precious docu-
ment to General CaDrobert. and never
alluded to the matter again. The stars
must nave erred in determining the lot
of Napoleon III, who had in reality none
of those qualities which are usually re-
garled as the conditions of either mill
tary or imperial greatness. He pos
sessed smattering of several branches
of earning, and a thorough acquaintance
with none, but he was SO blinded by
cJnceit rs to be incapable of ever per-
ceiying that he labored under an error.
ana, even when his sagacity was most
evidently at fault, his self-complacency
renamed unshaken. All that he looked
tor III such a case was convenient way
out of the troubles which he had
brought about for himself and others.
In tins instance the way out of them was
found for him,
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
A Curio Calculation.

Did YOU ever think, asks Paris paper,
how many male and female ancestors
were required to bring you into the
world? First, it was necessary that you
should have father and mother-tnat
makes two human beings. Each OF
them most also have had father and
mother-that makes four human beings
Each of those four must have had
father and mother-that makes eight
human beings, Aud so we must go
back for forty-six generations, which
brings US only to the time OF Jesus
Christ. The calculation thus resulting
shows that l39, ,245, OH, ass. 534, 916
births must have taAen place Ill order
to bring you into tue world-you who
read these lines. But remember we are
only taking tine case of yourseli-one
human belng-and there are 1,OOO.OUO,
OJO of human beings in the world with
the same history, and We have only car
ried back the calculation to the time OF
Chiist. How moDstrous the Calculation
becomes if We carry it back 5000 years!
How CHASTITY 1t becomes If we push IL
back 25O, ,0O0 years, which De Mortiilet
and others give as the age OF the human
race! just connt three generations to
century, or thirty to ever 600 years
and reckon up the HISTORY OF one indiy-
idual. Imagine the number Of births
necessary to bring into existence cne
member Of the z. 500th gensraton!
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
Tia Crown of rhorns.

At the harbor mouth of the little Nor
man seaport stands 3 lofty cruciIix, hIgh
up against the sunrise and the sunset: the
figure carved Realistically enough, with
eyes gazing ever the sea, watching since
is tue last pictuIe oa the eyes OF the Usher
men as They ssu away to Northern lati-
tudes for their hard, cherries LABOR of the
Newfoundland coast, anu the first hign
landmark tnat greets those II taem VINO
retuIn;.ior the trail vessels that venture
thIther, sometimes no tldIngs come again,
anu on those vessels sailing IN, often some
voice fails 10 answer when the women
stream out to welcome them IRON the
pier head. fJr here there Is widows
dress in every you1g wIte's wedding
chesl. Ii was well thought to set i. there,
ior VITO 50 cIysIlcally mIndsd as Che saIt-
or, ever face TO face win the mystery and
majesty OF natIref A good thoIght for
these simple minds TO associate with the
haven oi their home wAen they start, as
one of them tDely expressed II, INTO the
great waters 10 see The glory of Col. so
II stands there, and the rough sea winds
shake IL, and the ses swallows rest on the
arms ut the cross, aud at times the spray
rams over the three white figures az the
base. A little while ago lhey built
scsifolding around It, and 1 saw that they
We're regiidIns the crown OF thorns. To
DAY there was great STIR III the little
town.
From the old church, a mile up TIE L.
land valley, long procession pissed
a.ong the hillside road, ana down the s.op-
ing streets TO the port Many cnIIreD,
al IN white, and music and many banners
of many Coiofs, came winding on below
the great gray cliffs; little boys In sailors
dress, Carrying model sni ,; then the Dan-
ner of our Lacy, borne by the Virgins OF
the town, soInelhing pathetic there also
old wrinkled faces, two Of them yet
dressed IN the virgin White among the
young girls, and a coarse Jest IN the crowd
perhaps. The sea bad never brought
their overs home, yet they tOi.on ed,
though their yearly prayers had llttle
avaIIed. Then tnen the chOrIste5s sing
| ing---an old brass trumpet 10 give volume
10 the sound; then the priests with cIOss
and caniie; 50 along TO tue Caiyary Al -be
narbOr myuIh. TneY are ranged round II
now-the priests and chorIsIers DeiOw, the
/ fishermen ana their banner IN trout, the
white children In WIDER ring, and ali the
people vi the EItle town around. On one
side the giant Vi u; on the other the calm
sea, win It's httie sails drifting down the
iair h0rizOn- SoGIe one has crowned The
iau Madonna with crown OF white
roses. a young prizes is preaching at the
foot OF the cross. A few of the boys. IN
their festive dress, have broken away,
and, climbing the steep grass bank thai
leans against the cliffs, are running races
down II; but the crowd IL attentive, silent;
/ a few women CRYING.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
Tine Chestnut.

A fine. stately tree is the chest nut, and
long-llved; but its wood, unless II Is cut in
youth, is far inferior to oak. If it Is cut
before 1t has reached 40 Ur 90 years It's
timber is exceedingly sound, but after that
period its heart becomes deceitful and
brittle. when il is let to stand beyond
its full growth, says a writer on trees, 1t
is the worst Of all timber, being apt to
crack and fy INTO splInters-' One variety
of the chestnut produces sweet nuts: the
French sud Italians roast and eat them.
The trees which prodsce this sort of food
are called sweet chestnuts. They do not
yield fine nuts except they are grown in a
warmer climate than OUTS: they thrive
best where grapes ripeu OUT OF doors. The
country Of Devon. however. does produce
this fruit, fairly large in size and good in
quality. The finest cbestnuts, it is said,
are imported from spain.
One favored spot, where the chestnut
grows to perfection, is Valambross, in the
Apennines. Another spot where this tree
tiourishes is Etna: here Is the world famed
Chestnut of Hundred C4valiers. so call
ed, because that number of horsemen. who
d
took shelter under its canopy at one time.
Its gIrtn IN 1870 was 2C4 feet, but it
seemed as if it were a clump of five trees
all IN one. The chestnut seems 10 like a
mountain side. olympus was once nearly
shaded by these trees, 1T is delicate tree,
AS was proved b. the great frost of 1709.
This severe weather following on heavy
rains, destroyed whole groves of chestnut
trees in France.
We have already said the chestnut is
most valuable tor Its timber in youth Let
no one be afraid of cutting it too young.
saws great authority on trees Even at
the age OF 90 years it will be found ring
shaky' within. Bat 1t is very valuable
tree when felled before its prime. II is
much used for the manufacture of wine-
casks 1t IS said that wine. in these bar
rels, ferments slowly, and has no unpIea-
SAINT tsste of wood, and the timber resists
the dry rot So common in cellars. Chest
nut wood is also very useful for posts and
fencing.
The foreigners use the leaves for stuffing
their beds and for ittering cattle.
We have no idea IN our country OF the
great use OF cnestnuts u the poor man IN
the south of France and the north of Italy.
The nuts are ground, and from the flour
are made thick fiat cakes, p1rrige, and
Chestnut dOur will keep
good tor many years If put in sound air.
tight casks. Sugar, too, is made from the
fruit. The uee is said to have
come originally from Asia Minor, and it,
iruit was well known as the 'Sardis nut
The Oldest and largest chestnut in our
is thai on Lord Ducle's estate al
Tortworth. 1t is supposed to have been
planted by TIE Romans. 1t is cited as
the Old Chestnut In writings made IN the
rel on "a, KING John
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
A Caterer cD Meat

Fresh meat of every description should
be hung up in dry, cool place, and
carefully wiped every day. 1t ought
never to lay long in a dish. The time
If shouIi be kept varies with the weather
in cold, dry weather it will keep fresh
much longer than II moist, warm
weather. Game viii keep longer than
butcher meat-say, two weeks-birds
being kept with tine feathers on, but not
drawn. and venison and rabbits
paunched. but not skinned. Beef VIII
require from four to ten days keeping,
or even longer in cold weather; and
mutton. if well managed, will sometimes
nang fortnight or three weeks without
spoiling-the longer the better. As
Young meat, boweTer-veal, lamb and
mutton-spoils very quickly, ore, two
or three days at the utmost suihces for
it. Fowls will keep for a week and
turkeys a fortnight. but a goose not
above nine or ten days. In plucking
birds which have been kept some time.
care should be taken not to break the
skin. which will have become rather
tender.
As all animal food. however good the
quality and however well it may be
cooked. is uneatable stale, and. except
Ash, will certainly prove tough ii cooked
too fresh, it becomes matter OF consider
able difficulty, particularly during
summer, to fix upon the right day for
cooking piece of meat which has been
kept. 1t is only by daily examination
and narrowly watching the change
which meat undergoes that the house
wife will be able to make use OF 1t at
that stage, Just short of being tainted,
which is the proper one at which TO cook
it.
This is an art which can only be
learned by expert nceand its successful
practice evinces considerable skill, Ill
household management. Thus, should
unlocked for cold weather have pre-
vented the meat reaching the proper
cooking state upon the day calculated
on. the prudent and active housewife
will have to provide some other dinner
for that day and keep the meat till next
day or the Dext agsin. 1t cannot be too
strongly impressed upon housekeepers
that even the best meat, if cooked too
soon, will not be nearly so tender and
pslatable as meat much inferior which
has been kept the proper time There
are various ways OF keeping meat sweet
and of removing the bad smell after 1t
has become slightly tainted, One mode
is to rub it over with coarsely- pounded
charcoal, which has the property of alb
sorbing the putrescent gases, and thus
prevents the bad smell. The charcoal
must, of course, be washed off before
cooking. Another way is to paint the
meat all over with solution Of salicylic
acid, OF rubbing the meat with the dry
acid is the simplest method, and will do
for ali household purposes.
| Tho Tisnuesa have a peaius Tor the
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1883-01-10
Rydsl Chspei-

This edifice where worshipped the
poet Wordsworth, Is undergoing vori-
Gus alterations, made necessary by the
dry rot, winch lad eaten through every
joist and plank, and the narrowness OF
the pews, which almost precluded the
possibility Of kneelug. The Incumbent
of the parish writes to one of the Lon
don newspapers that it Is hoped a sulta-
bile chancel may be built Ii place Of the
present recess which serves for one,
and which ''has often proved most in-
convenient when there has been more
than one cficiaang clergyman" he
hopes that contributions III aid OF this
object will be made by the public out
side of Rydal. "On account Of the
celebrity OF this little place." he says,
..ss- beng ultimately connected with
some of Englands greatest men. L
venture 10 ask you, by printing this
letter, to give further publicity to our
scheme than you have already done,
In the hope that some Of your res,ders
NAV be induced to subscribe toward
making the worshipplng place OF
Wordsworth and ArnOld less contrast
to the natural beauty OF Its surround
nas than 1t kas hitnerto been,