Arizona weekly citizen., 1883-04-08
Metallurgy.
TUcsoS, Arizona, April 1, +

TUcsoS, Arizona, April 1, lsS3.
 In accordance with my promise to write you a series of letters or treatise on the formation of metals, l will try to fulfill my obligation, and knowing that your available space is valuable, l will make my correspondence as concise as possible. As you are aware a large volume could be written on this all in tercsting subject, but the present age demands practical information, rather than scientific instruction. I therefore would state n this, my fist and pre- Iiminary contribution. that by my engineering mining and metallic ex- perience III Germany, Siberia, China, Japan, Nevada, California, Arizona, Sonora and Chihuahua, l have found that the same metals are different in character and qlality as well as in quantity. I therefore conclude that the different temperatures and climatic changes in the various mineral districts of the world, are closely connected with the construction of the formation of the ground and the metals contained therein.
 Gold will smelt with heat of 1900 Fahrenheit, or three parts of hydro chloric acid and one part of nitric acid will dissolve 1t to a fluid, or what is known as "QUeen's Water" By the use of heat, gold can be dissolved to vapor, which IS the original state of any simple metal. Since We know the original state of gold, let us try to follow its construc- tion. Take, for instance, three bottles, one filled wish rain water, one with spring water and one which has been carefully cleaned ad dried. Very care fullv seal these three bottles hermetic- ally, and in course of time you will find A sediment m each of them. which proves that a substance for concentra- tion IS in existence even m pure air or atmosphere. We know that every body, in the shape of q compact mass, when heated will expand, and when cooled off will shrink, but that when change of temperature IS quickly performed, these bodies are liable to crack or burst. When on a very cold day u arc enjoy ing the comforts of warll room. Y on will see the water tricklilg down on the window, but as soon as you eXtinguish the fire, the water, winch has been pro- duced from warm vapor, condensed by the cold friction of the atmosphere, will freeze m the shape of the most beautl- ful crystals. Metal in its original state k nothing else but a solution of acids, or vapor of acids, which either by crys- talization or concentration and conden-
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 The water in the ocean contains a solution of gold; gold has been found in coal. Carbon in it's different shapes, seems to have great attraction Tor gold and has proved very difficult for miners to deal with in the course of separation. Gold has been found also in clay, lime, slate, pOrphyry, sandstone and granite. The body of our earth IS impregnated with water, which by the pressure of the ground and the changes Tn the temp erature produce vapors, and according fo the formation of the ground. those vapOrs are more or less lmpregnated with acids. Those acids Tn shape of liquids CT vapors, the nearer they are to the surface and ia contact with the surf ace water or the cold atmosphere the more they are condensed and con- centrated. It seems that simple metals such as gold. silver, etc, when found carried by spar, are seldom alone but accompanied by other and different, acids, which is a principal and necessary thing for a miner to study in order to understand the separation or his labor is comparatively of little actual or practical value. Those crystalzatlons of spar containing gold, silver, copper, etc, are found m the shape of blankets, pockets, seams, lOdes and veins, the lat ter being bodies of ore or quartz carry ing or being impregnsted with metal and are found between two distinct different formations of ground and as the forms- tion of the ground is softer in substance so much the softer is the spar or quartz of the vein or lode and nature m its slow work of fcoustructlon, carries oil the sand or the decsyed formation, by wind or rain and leaves for the eye of the prospector the oft long hunted "crop- pings of a mineral veIn or lode.
 Most respectfully,
 WA. ROSE, C. E.