Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-08-11
CHOLERA.
It's History and Diagnosis, Prepared for
the Record Union" by Member Of
the Board of Health.

The early history Of cholera is somewhat
obscure. Ancient authors described diseases
having o possible resemblance to it, but its
identity was not clearly shown. The earliest
distinct accounts of cholera were given by
D'Orta. at Goa. 1868, and Bontius, of Bata-
vie, 1929. Willis 1854, Marion 1892 and
Others described epidemic huxes and dysen.
teries in such terms as to remind US of chol-
era. Il is believed to have been the disease
that rsvaged Italy in 1888, as described by
Mo-gagni, and the Netherlands in i1756l, as
described by Degusr, of Nymwegen. It
must have existed in India for an iudefnits
time, bus its extended prevalence Ia most
destructive form dates from 1872. Itraged
st Calcutta, in Madras, on the Coromandel
coast, aad in Ceylon. In August, 1917, Jes-
sore was The birthplace of the frat migratory
epidemic; Sc 600 we're attacked during three
months in Calcutta short time after. Il
ravaged many military stations and roads
were covered with
THE DEAD AND DYING
Unable TO reach their homes. The army OF
the Marquis Of Hastings was devastated by
IL. OF an army of 80 000 1900 died ia
twelve dsys. The shifting of bis camp to
dry, elevated ground relieved bin Of THE
otherwise inviGeible enemy. It invaded the
BuImab Empire in 1885, where, as elsewhere
in Asia, iss rayages were dreadful La 1919
10 the Proficiency Of Bombay, $50 $50 died
Of il. l. also reached Maurit.us, 20 degrees
south latitude, three Thousand Eailas from aiy
place heG1rs visited by it. The Island Of
Bourbon and the Philippine Islanos wsfe
visited In 1920 Ia 1921 Borue1 and Java
wers affected. During the same yesr large
Persisn army was repulsed By il from before
Bsgdad, without battle. Ia 1922 its limits
had become much narrowed and It's destruct
iYeuess abSted. InGia almost escaped IN
1928, but China was ravegso, TIE Gisesse ex-
tending in "a GoEthWesserlY course IN chat
yesr to OrenbourR, on she Ural. near the ooY-
ders of Europe snd Asia. In 1926 it almost
left Western Asia, but passed
THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA
La It's northward progress. 1t reappeared in
Persia in 1929 Orentourg Yves revisited in
that year, the epidemic lasting from August
to the end of February. 1t was in the north
of E1rope, more than 64' n. latitude, at
ArchangeI in the Arctic Ocean, in 1881 1t
was very fatal at Warsaw 10 April. Hun
gary suffered from May TO September, losing
100 900 of its population. Toe pe5tilence
reached St. Petersburg in June, and Moscow
in September. Berlin had it fer three months |
and hali, beginning in August. Mecca wss
attacked du$eR the visitation of throngs Of |
pilgrims in Nay, and of 80, 600 as many as
20, 900 are said to have persisted. Vienna, |
though surrounded by double Gordon mill !
tGire, wss attacked in August, tbs epidemic |
lasting three months. Cairo and Smyrna
suffered fesrfully in 1901, Reaching Ham,
burg on October IL, 1881, is attacked Sun
derland, England on OctJbsr 26:h. Thee |
or four weeks later
IT APPEARED AT NEWCASTLE,
And 10 December az Haddington, a Scottish
town on the Tyne. Eiinburgh and Glasgow
fret had cholera in January, 1882, London
in February, Dublin and Paris 10 March.
London suffered moderately. bat Paris terri
bly,, especially 10 April and May thsrs be-
ing 20, 900 deaths. 1t invaded our continent
at Q lehec on the Sth of June ia week
reached Montreal, aud in the same month
New York and Albany. Philadelphia had
its first cases in July Between the Ist OF
July and the 1Ssh of August New York had
reported 1887 Gases, with 2 068 deaths. That
city lost 8, 513 in all. From the 9th of July
TO August 18th Philadelphia had 610 cases,
with 6l5 deaths. Boston and Baltimore were
moderately affected in August. Detroit,
Buffalo, Elizabeth City in North Carolina,
Wilmington ard Newcastle (Delaware) Nor
folk and Portsmouth (Virginia) and New
fifty towns 10 the United States reached by
the cholera in 1882 It had entered twelve
different States before September.
HAVANA AND MEXICO WERE ATTACKED
In the spring and summer Of 1888. The City
of Mexico did not escape, notwithstanding
It's high elevation above the sea. Portugal
was visited the first time in that year, and
Northern Italy slightly during autumn.
Alexandra and Malta in 1886, and Rome,
Naples, Egypt and Central America especially
suffered In 1886. In 1887 it ravaged North
Germany, South France. r me, Naples,
Sicily, Malts, Egypt and Syris. After that
cholera DISAPPEARED from Europs and Amer
lea for ten years, though it still existed in
variable violence and extent in Isdia. L.
1S47 it ravage1 Russian army west Of the
Caucasu1, and in september returned 70 Nos
COW. Ia 1871 Turkey, Russis, Austria,
Prussia. Belgium, Holland, Great Britain
and France we're successfully attscl l. Paris
escaped. The cholera thea attacked two
migrant ships thousand miles apart, one
e'x .sen the other twenty-saven days out from
HAVE, when no cholera wss prevailing at
that poEt. Like a cloud, it reached New
Orleans az alb Mt the same tine, and pro-
crossed up the valley of the Mississippi.
PARIS WAS REACHED
In February, 1S49, but suffered the worst in
June. Lyons now had it for the frat time,
and Tunis and Algiers were visited toward
the end of the yesr. In January, 1919.
Memphis and St. Louis we're attacked, and
Chicago, Buffalo and other towns on the
lakes in May OF the came year. New York
and Philadelphia were reached In Che sams
month. Baltimore bad only locsl epidemic
in July. One thousand and twenty-five !
deaths occurred in Philadelphia, but the NOR
tality in New York was $50 per cent. greater.
Canada was reached this time from the west
ward. In 184S the number of deaths from
cholera in England and Wales was over
81 900, and 10 1928 nearly $1,000 The
filthy city of Cologne was visited il 1S49 It
fingered In Europe and America from 1850 to
1854. In the West, emigrant camps and
military stations seemed especially to furnish
its required local conditions. Is followed the
line OF overland travel as far as Californis,
where it expended its yiTuience at SacrA-
mento ia 1852. Persia had il severely in
1858; also, some points in Europe. Copen-
hagen, Hamburg, Berlin, Piedmont, Lyons,
Paris and Southern Portugal suffered. Be-
fore the end of the year it was
AGAIN IN NEW YORK,
New Orleanr, and the West Indies. Mexico
had been visited Ia the spring and through
ths summer. Scarcely any European state
OF Kingdom was exen pit during 1854. The
French, English and Russian troops suffered
much from il in the Crimea. Greece, Italy.
Germany, France, Spain. Portugal in short,
all Europe was trsverssd by it; $50, GOO died
Of it in France alone in Eogland and Wales,
e, 900. Newfoundland was reached by il for
the first time in 1854, but the great cities OF
the United States did not suffer 50 much as
in 1S49. In 1855 the disease was widely
spread in Europe, though not very malignant
except near the seat of war, before Sebsssop
1t was also in Egypt aud Palestine. In
Switzerland, which had been slightly touched
before, Bssle, Geneva, Z1rich, and other
places, now suffered from it. During 1856 it
still liagered in Earope, but since that time.
until 1865, there are no available data by
which to determine it's movements. II APP
peared In Arabia and Egypt in the spring Of
1866, and was at Coustantinople in July. ex-
tending with moderate violence as far IS
England. While its vast migratioIs seemed
to be as eapricious as the fight Of locusss
TWO LOCAL CAUSES
Contributed at least TO its severity in Mecca
and the Nile. These were the crowd of re-