davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-06-05
Tho Russian Frontier.

From al examination of the Russian
frontier it will be perceived thut except
in the mountain boundary with tho
Chinese empire in the east and for a
short distance Of the course Of the Oxus
in the west, it is All irregular and arbi-
| trary line, rather than u well-defined
and natural barrier. 1t is therefore, in
| it's nature one that is not calculated to
prove permanent. Beyond the recognize
ed Russian frontier, but OH the northern
side Of the Oxus, which is so much the
object of Russian solicitude that the
monopoly Of its navigation has been
secured, there still remains i'll the enjoy
ment of nominal independence the large
khanate of Bokhara and the small states
of the Pamir slopes. Russia's relations
with the latter do not stand in need of
exact definition; they arc based on the
law Of the stronger. But with the for
| mer they are of formal diplomatic
| character, which has endured during
more than Ii years. After the capture
of Samarcuand, in 1868, the Ameer of
Bokhara continued the war with Russia
for some months, but personally he ha
| little hope of success. After his defeat
at Zara Bulak, however, he gave III, and
| notified Gen. Kaufman of his willing
ness to accept the terms imposed by the
Russian commander. The principal of
these were the surrender of Samarcuand
and Katti Kurgan; the payment of al
indemnity of more than E200 900 125,-
600 tillas); the opening OF Bokhara to
Russian commerce at a maximum tariff
of q per cent. ad valorem, the right Of
passage for merchants and troops,
through Bokhara to other states; and,
lv n tD nSt n1 II Ilrhn
necessary, cantOnmentS and other mill
tary buildings at Kermina, Karshi, and
Charjui. After the capital itself those
three places are the most important
strategical points in the khanate; and the
last named is situated ut the principal
passage over the OXur Strange as it
may appear, Charjui, like Kerkhi and
Knoja Salik, higher up, lies Oh the south
ern bank of the river. At first the last,
and in some respects themoSt important
Of these clauses did not possess much
significance, but the growing power OF
Russia, as demonstrated by the Successi
full campaigns in Khiva and Khokand,
served to give it weight and reality,
which found expression in the second
treaty Of September, 1873. When the
Khan of Khiva transferred III that year
his sovereign rights over the OXuS to
Russia, the practical use of Charjui be-
came clear. The gunboats of the Aral
tlotilla carried the Czar's flag up the
Oxus, and Charjui has been made their
principal rendezvous on stream which
it was supposed presented insuperable
difficulties to navigation. Karshi has
also been visited OH numerous occasions
by Russian officers and their escorts;
| and if Russian troops have not yet abso-
lutely taken up their station there it is
not because any difficulty stands in the
way.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-06-05
The Power of Wind.

The recent storms in the south and
west will afford those Interested fresh
opportunity to study the power and veo-
city Of the wind. The quest ion Of max
imum wind force has never been salts
fact0rily settled, and can, indeed, never
be fully established, until different i'll
StrlmeMtS from those in present use can
be invented, and then brought to meas
IRE the velocity of the wind within the
cloud vortex of Il tornado, which is
variOuSly estimated ut from seventy to
eight hundred miles per hour. uN is
motion is, of course, independent Of the
velocity ofprOgrcSsiOnO Of the storm cloud,
which varies from Il fresh breeze to Il
gale Of sixty miles. A velocity of eight
hundred miles an hour corresponds, on
the lowest basis Of calculation, to pres
sure of about three-fOurthS of a ton on
II square foot. 1t can be easily imagin-
ed what q disastrous effect such a power
must have upon any object coming with
in its reach. But, apart from the cnor-
nous force Of the wind within the vortex
of a tornado, which is at best only local
and sporadic, the velocity Of ordinary
storms, passing over whole continents
and oceans is something astounding.
Inadequate as the best anGOmetcrS prove
in IL hurricane, they have yet frequent
ly registered lSO miles per hour, which
corresponds to a pressure Of 81 pounds
persIuare foot. But that the record falls
far short of the real force is shown by
the ruinous effect Of the storm upon OBJ
jccts calculated to withstand a much
greater pressure. Architects and en-
gineers would do well to devote some
study to this matter, to prevent, if pos
sible large number of houses and other
structures being annually blown away.
aNever swerve in your conduct from
your honest conviction; decide because
you have seen reason for decision, and
on act hnca uSn XOu have decided.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-06-05
TRI-W EEKLY EDITION.
Yesterdays MIRACLE.

Hands Of flesh and hands of steel,
Clasping round in endless reel!
Earth, tire Giver, yielding up; -.
Man, the Toiler, seeking more;
Pleasure draining Lethe's cup;
Sorrows measures running o'erl
City and town and farm;
Farm and city and town!
To-day, the wild deer scents alarm;
To-morrow,-an empire grown!
Canvas and wood and stone;
Sod, adobe, and brick,
A day--a dream-the tents are gone
And places crowdingf ftick!
Deathi Life! A moments span
The blood leaps swift;
The shadows lift;
The babe has grown to be q man!
The earth is free;
The dreamer makes his bed;
The twig by which ho lays his head
Tomorrow is u tree!
The Ancient dreams!
The Mani child drives!
The Old World swarms!
The New West hives!
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-06-05
ISnd Medicine.

a young physician who had long
worshipped at a distance was one day
suddenly called to see her. lie found
her suffering from no particularly dan
gerols malady, but she wanted him to
prescribe for her nevertheless; 50 he
took her hand and said impressively:
"Well, l should--prcscribe---I should
prescribe -get-married.
ooh, goodness!' said the interesting
invalid, ''who would marry he, | won-
der?'
81 would,' snapped the doctor, with
all the voracity of a six foot pickerel.
"YOul" exclaimed the maiden.
"YeS.'
Swell, doctor, if that is the fearful
alternative, you may go away and let
me die IN peace"
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-06-05

. aNever swerve In your conduct from
your honest conviction; decide because
YOU have seen reason for decision, and
en- act beca use you have decided.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
st. AYnos.

Outside one of the gates of Rome
the resort Oh Sunday and holiday-keep.
ing Romaus, and, precisely, Porta PIa.
through which Victor Emmanuel III
his army entered in 1870-there stands.
halfway between two wayside eatine and
drinking houses, little church, dedi.
Gated to Agness young virgin martyr,
who suffered death rather than be mar
ried to the son of the Governor of
| Rome, who was dying of love for her.
She was only thirteen years of age; but
girls OF that age are women in Italy. So
she answered his protestations of love
by, saying: II am af1ianced to HIM
whom angels serve, and whom the SUN
and moon adore" She was then threat
encd-says her biogrnphor-w1th being
publicly dishonored in an infamous
place, ana then to be killed in most cruel
way. "My Divine Spouse, "she answered
1.-THE God of purity, whom I serve
Will deliver mo from your impious de-
signs" She was then thrown on n
burning pilol but, laughing and singing
praises of God, she deiied the flames,
which could not be made to burn her.
She was then made to walk naked
through the streets Of Rome, and was
alone exposed in place of bad reputc
the Agoual Circus. There her hal,
grew miraculonsly long and covered her
like cloak, and the Governors son
was struck with blindness. At last she
was beheadcd. The place of bad reputc
where she was exposed was afterwards
transformed into chapel, and over it
was built ono of the most beautiful
churches in Rome. It is not there,
however, that she was buried. The
Christians of that day took her body
and buried it in q catacomb outside oil
Rome. The cataenmh bears her name.
and over her tomb was built q splendid
church during Constantine's reign, and
this church was restored by Paul III.
IN the aixteenth century, and still later
by Plus TX. It is in this little church
that Oh every anniversary of her death
are brought on cushions two little lambs
decorated with flowers and ribbons.
They arc blessed, and they are taken to
the Pope, who sends them to the Con-
vent OF st. Cecilia, where they are ghorn
OF their wool, which IS afterwards woven
into the l'aifiun,s worn by the Pope and
Cardinals and some of the Archbishops.
The Church of st. Agnes, outside the
walls, is known by the image of the
lamb, which is outside the door. All
visitors to Rome make point of going
to see it,
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
Fanny TltinHs.

Some very funny things happened at
the coronation of tho King of the Sand
wich Islands. One of the highest off,
Gers OF tho army was sent around with
tho Invitations. He stopped on tho
docks TO see some of the idlers who
wore attracted by curiosity to the paok-
age in his hands. One of them offered
him twenty-five cents for an invitation.
and in short time he had disposed of
tho whole package, and pocketed a
nice little sum, but some of the visitors
who were present OF tho coronation
astonished tho authorities. The Ha-
waiian Gazette pictures the embarrass-
mont likely to arise when the titles of
nobility are conferred. eft will at first
sound odd to say, three pounds of sau
sages, your gracer or mother says will
your lordship match this pink ribbon3'
or two and half pounds of butter.
fresh, Sir Charles, but we will soon get
accustomed to it. Besides we shall
only be beginning with our aristooraoy
whore many of the older ones end. A
washerwoman in st. Petersburg. was a
countesse. Many SCION Of English
nobility has split rails. minded sheep,
or served drinks behind. bar in Amer
ioa and Australia. One here used to
drive an express. The courtly nobility
OF France had, after the explosion of
1889, to betake themselves to foreign
lands and teach dancing"
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03

by side we soon will be, but 1t Will be
beneath the green sod. Our hours are
numbered. Tho sun that soon will rise
for us will have no setting. Corunna's
ramparts will be bloody and English
.valor will not prevail. !.
ssCease, Zara, I Will not believe thy
enraged fancy. Yet, should such be
the fate tomorrow holds. death will be
welcome But to you, Zara, IT cannot
bring the doom You would have mo
think awaits us BOTH"
my end is no less certain. sought
your camp tonight to betray a secret
movement of the enemy to which my
could cheat tho fate bystelling it to
Hath 1t aveiledp A Zingaree's vengeance
is sure and swift ---
Sand has already overtaken thee,
thou dark traitresslS spoke voice In
the darkness. and before Sir John could
draw weapon, Zara had fallen to the
ground, and her murderer had sped into
the thick woods.
''It was my brother who struck the
blow, said Zura, family, "Part Of the
prophecy is fulfilled; the rest will soon
follow. Bury me in the rampartsl" A
sigh, faint pressure of tho hand, and
lara was no more.
When, after the battle that proved so
disastrous to the English, they lowered
the body Of their loved commander
into his bloody grave, few noticed that
a fresh mound Of earth had been tram
pied by their feet, and fewer yet that
the Gypsy Zara lay side by side with
hum she had loved, and III whose SER
vice she had perished
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
Haren, Life in Egypt.

The life OF Harem ladies can hardly
be favorable to good health, even under
tne most favorable circumstances. They
rarely take exercise, properly 80 called;
I'D tDese days, indeed, many are permitted
" drive out, but only In shut-up carriages;
but even that poor kind of exercise, Is not
partaken OF by large number, who are
accustomed to the 0ld-fashloned style OF
living. some pass years without crossing
their own threshold. A lady Ga native
christian, but ono whose family kept up
the old habits Of secluslon which the
Moslems seem to have introduced when
they came into possession centuries ago)
actually lived within mile and half
OF tile great river Nile, and had attained
middle age without having ever seen it
nor, as she expressed no particular wish
to do so, Is 1t likely that she ever beheld
those waters on which her country depends
for Its fertility, but probably died with
out quitting her voluntary prison -tor IN
her case IT. Was not compulsory.
Most Of the wealthter establishments
have some sort Of garden, certainly, and
not a few have very good gardens, even
IN the heart OF the town; but the languid
habits Of their life are such that tho ladies
rarely walk; they prefer to sit IN the ver-
andah and ''smell the air." as they say,
and the gardener brings roses, jasmine
and other flowers tied III somewhat stiff
bouquets, and hands them to the slaves to
present to them. The delight of strolline
about to gather h)wers for oneself, or
picking oranges from the bough, though
hanging. In rich profusion within reach,
hardly seems TO occur to them; and some
have been diverted and amazed at hearing
That English ladies not only gather flowers
lor themselves, but even like to cultivate
them and to pull up weeds, rake beds,
and cut of blossoms with their own
hands. Labor of any sort Is looked upon
by these Gagged birds of women as q thing
for those compelled to it by poverty or
dire necessity of some kind, never as a
voluntary thing, still less as one which
swcetcns the life Of man, when not in
excess, more than all the !uxuries OF
idleness and wealth. Slavery has, no
doubt, much to do with this contempt for
work, but the languor of Gu inactive
and purposeless existence perhaps docs
more.
They wander Ilstlessly from room to
room or sit for hours smoking, till the
head must become more or less stupefled
by the fumes of the tobacco-though i,
certainly is lighter kind than that in
use In Europe-and never seem to think
OF roaming about In the garden, even IN
the most delightful weather. "What dr.
you do all day long2" an English lady
once asked friend in harcm-a per-
son Of more than average intelligence,
bc 1T said-who often complained OF head.
ache, and was stouter than natural at her
age, tor she was then at most only two or
three and thirty. "Why," she answered,
II go and sit on that diyan yonder, and
then come here and sit upon this one
awhile" Struggling her shoulders as she
spoke.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
Ola Judges.

.
While our Judges are doomed to re.
tirement at the age Of seventy, Judges
In England and Ireland have presided
in the several Courts long after that
age. At present there are five in Eng
land over seventy--Vlce.C Chancellor
Bacon, eighty-four; Mr.. Justice Man.
isty, seventy-four; Mr.. Justice philIi.
more, seyenty-three; Mr.. Justice Grove.
seventy-one: and Lord Chancellor
Selberne, a little over seventy. Tho
late Lord Chancellors st, Leonards
and Campbell presided over tho Courts
of Ohancery IN admirable meatal vigor
at the ages respectively Of eighty and
sixty-nine, and the Irish Lord Chan
cellor Plunkett at seventy-four, and
Lord Chief Justice Lefroy at ninety -one.
The two youngest Judges In England
now are Judges Gave and Bowen, forty
eight and Sorty-seyen respectively,
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
Ice Routes.

During the ice months the route usu-
ally taken by European steamers 1s as
far southward as the forty-third parallel
of latitude, longitude fifty degrees.
This route, however, is full of danger
from floating icebergs. Detentions
are also frequent from March to August.
In striking contrast to this trans atlantic
route is that tested by Captain 81 ack-
ford. This route crosses the tistieth
meridian &c the southwark of latitude
forty-one degrees. In 1875, during
which great quantities of ice were ell
countcred, this commander began to
experiment on running south to clear
the fog, and i'll 1882, after making ten
passages cast and west On the latter
route, from March to August, inclusive,
he encountered only one hour and thirty.
one mlnI;es of fog between Cape Hen.
lopcn and Cape Clear on the eastern
passages, and on the western passages
sixteen hours ana nineteen minutes LII
all, aud, he adds, "not particle OF ice
Has been seen dnrng the entire season."
By the extreme southern route, as com.
pared with the Cape Race route, the
ioss OF distance each passage is one
hundred and sixty-three miles: but this
distance can be readily made up in the
time that the vessel would be hindered
by tho fog on the northern route, and
the accompanying perils are avoided,
Captain Shackford says that if the pub.
hcation of his paper should be the
means of causing one shipmaster to try
the southern route, or deter one steamer
from ramming into an lce- field on the
eastern edge of the Great Bank in spring
OF the year, he, will be amply repaid for
any time and trouble it may have cost
HIM. AS the annual descent of the
Arctic ice over the Newfoundland Banks,
SO dreaded by seamen, may be expected
to begin at any day. it would be well
for nnayigators to profit by Captain
Shackford's experience.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
a Great Farmer.

DIR. Cleans ranch in California CON-
prises about 10000 acre, of land, and
the number OF acres in wheat each year
ranges between 10000 and $4,000.
Reckoning an average OF from 20 to IS
bushels to the acre, the aggregate crop
each year amounts to something more
than 1,000,0 900 bushels. This enormous
amount OF grain requires vast appli-
ances for planting and bringing it to
market; and the capital invested in
machinery alone sums up considerable
fortune. During tho harvest time there
arc employed on tho entire ranch some
900 mon. DR.. Glenn was general.in-
Chief OF his foroe. aud his ranch is divi
ded, Tor convenience OF operation. into
nine smaller ranohes-each with
dwelling. house, barns, blacksmith shop
and other necessary buildings. In
charge OF these are seven foremen. IN.
der whom are sixteen blacksmiths.
fourteen carpenters, six engineers six
machinists, five commissaries and mn.
merous, cooks and servants, Tho CONS.
mon workmen are divided into oanos
and detailed where they are needed
There are needed 1870 gang plows, 90
herders, to which belong 18o wagons:
cleaners, 100 harrows, 18 soeders, 6
threshers, engines. Besides, there
are many smaller instrum ents and yeb.
1cles, which cannot be classified, Go.
operating with their human brethren
III the great labor are 900 work .borsoa
and mules, with a kinshlp of brood
mares and younger stock which have
not nc yet achieved the dignity OF labor
There are 80 dwelling hol,ses. 81 barns
ID blacksmith shops, and Other strnct.
nres 81 snfacient TO swell the aggre9ate
to 100, The machinery could not he
replaced Tor $l26, 600; the work.horses
and mules arc worth $11O 900; and tha
brood n1arcs and young stock AK 0on ao :,
The raflch is about twenty miles ylDov al,ova (,
the town OF Colusa. "oo'o
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
pLEAsUREs or sYa1PArnY.

Each heart has anguish Of it's own,
Which none but God can know; -is 5f.s
Each soul nnds sorrow whom alone.
Der which the tears will fow
Sad tears, yet sweet, since for our sake
They nave been given lest hearts might break
And there arc others, lighter woes
And trials whioh we bear,
But which each heart, oppressed well knows,
How sweet 1t Is to share
with some loved one, whose words Of cheer
Like strains or music greet the ear.
Heavens richest Messings then tor him
Who fingers at your side,
Who listens while his eyes grow dim,
And lougs to guard and guide
Lie is too short to sigh and moan,
AS hoarts must DO that strive alone.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03

PLANTATION PHILOSOPHY: "Remem-
per, Young man." said Uncle Nose,
DAT dc pest frien' yer's got on dis
earth Is better frien' ter himself den
he Is ter you"
IHE garden should be manured and
plowed IN winter so as to give time for tba
fresh manure tc be changed INTO plan. feed
and to Kill the eggs OF insects. 1t is a prime
necessity to good crop Of garden vege-
tables.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-04-03
Tho Potomac Flats.

Preparations for the reclamation of the
Potomac flats are going forward rapidly
III washington. There has already been
constructed about one mile OF treetle work.
and the tracks are being laid preparatory
to putting on the locomotive now here
which will propeI tho 40 mud cars now in
course of beng floated around by means of
large scows to the trasLle work on KidweIl
bottoms Work will be commenced there
this week, should tho weather continue ia
vorabe. The dipper which arrives here
Friday will probably he the one which
Will be fret at work. The scows will re
ceive the mud. The gondola cur, on
which Is now beng placed two land. pile.
drivers, is nearly ready % go into scrvise.
The work OF driving the piles on the the
line OF the Georgetown channel from near
the south end OF the Long bridge causeway
up stream will be commenced this week.
This Is on the line where the sea wall will
be constructed aud which will form when
complete a substantial wall of stone ma.
SORRY work.
There are now 100 men at work alto.
gether on the different parts of this work.
and more will soon be added. 1t Is Thought
that by the LIST of March the whole force
will DO thoroughly organized equipped
and at work. The pile drivers, which will
be IN active operation this week, comprise
one water machine and two land machines.
The piles are on tho ground, and nothing
but unfavorable weather will be likely to
interrupt the work. Six moro carloads of
railroad IRON and two moro track locomo-
tlves have arrived. The men are impatient
to begin, and all ls activity ana hustle
about the storehouse aud office at the foot
OF Thirteen.and-a-half street, where tho
machinery and materials for the enterprise
ls unloaded aud adjusted for active opera.
tions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1883-08-14

SECURITY FRoM Loss b. BuRen,Ry
ROBBERY, FIIE OR ACCID. ut.
THE NATIONAL SAFE DEPO 1T COMPANY
CORNER 18TH STREET AND NEW YORK AVE.
Ferpefua Charter Act of Congress january 22d 1867
Rents Safes for IS to go per year. and takes all kinds
RATES.
BtNyAMIN P. SNYDER, President
CHARLES G. GLOVER, OF Riggs & Co. Vice President
JOHN CASSELS, Treasurer,
ALBERT L. STUkTEVANT, Secretary.
c. E. Nyman, Asst. SecY.
DIRECToRs:
Feniamin P. Snyder, Charles c. Glover
JOHN Casseis, Henry A. Willard
Albert l.. oturteyant Thomas Evans,
John G. Parks. auI3