The Arkansaw traveler., 1883-11-10
SPEECH ia AMERICA.
IsAn Frsas,.ss cAraaelr.l 1

What nave eeen the ofccS workfnE to create American speechy The Pilgrims brought the English tongue with them te New England in the seventeenth century The Dutch brsugh, the,r language io New York the S~edeS the,rs to New lersey. The other colonies were pecpled by Englishmen, anonE ~hom were i,s. ,t,buted te~ Hsgnenoss and Germans The Spsssssas had eccap,ed Florida some time before. The French Al an early day pcopled i.cals,ana. These ~erc the stems on which were grafted later changes and additions The Dutch speech gradually blended with the Eng lssh. conveying to the latter some of ,ts corrupted wesd< and phrascs. The Swedish. ne~es an important element. was absoshed. leaving a icw traces The Spanish disappeared from fior,ds. be qaeAth.ag nes a gtca, many los Al,sms. loa,>,ana was recent acquisition ot the union, The French language ix sull spoken there. bat many words and phrases have been uan>iessed from It Ia the common tongue. There are two distinct tendencies ln colonial speech an inclination Ia re,a,n forms aftes they have become obsolete tn the mother country and rapid courage of tetms suggested by nc~ circumstances ot hos ro~ed from native tribes and given e,sillsed impress, The last cause was powerful in the Amenean colonies. The construction oi New ngiand d,ales, began with the modiheai aiion of English provsnS ,alistn>, the adoption of Indian words and such verbal forms as the nc~ lite on seAshofe and m toscstS and the sse cit. religious prachees ot the people made neeessa,y The evolution of the new dialect ~as greatly aided by vivid imagination and a puck sense oi humos, the las, quality seaeel, to he expected tn a people so gloomliy devont. Long he torc the revolution Il had taken definite eulloquial form. though Il las ked modes of lisctary expression tlseshrre n the colonies, @,,h the exception ot the dis. snet n about New York. there was no iorm ei spec, h tha, had any chaTaet-i isti, oi a patnts Inc language ot Ntt- eInia and tho siolsnas had become someshat corrupted hy the lafgon nj the negroes, bat ws have na means oi know ,ng exactly the specs h ot the common people. II ~c can tlust the dialogue m Ina, keray'~ Nitg4aiana," the eh,salsy tt histt Nhttt sIsfhN HkHAR ~,sh tehnemsm et ssptess,on 3, ,AI,ely cquaicd by Addison.
 After the revolution ne~ eaases and influences came into operation. lmmi- gts,lon from several usopean countries began and continued steadily More t.eImans amr to renns, lsan,a and some :, altered through the different atases luah ltesbytettans came ln large mum hefs into western lennsYisauia. and n the ,eatse ot tune broad afeas oi eoun- try were settled by ss and,navisns. Welsh. t.etmans, lush. scotch and italians, The annexation of Tvsas. New Mexico. Ansons and aliiofnia lngtaited oe the language fresh stock oi words before unkno~n Inc west added lts novelty oi phrase and the mining districts ot ali fornia Jolncd with the span'sh ln the cfr- alton ot nes apee,h. thai. united ~ith rauch that ~as pathetic and psetuIesqar furnished suitable material to the apt siat, teller.
 As the result of all these tuaes and n. hueaees ~e have the several dialests which American and English nosei,sts have used according to theu kno~Iedge and ab'iiiy Properly speaking thes~ arc bu, ,wo. that of New England and ot the south. The hfst ts heard in absolute puii,y oni, in the mos, retired towns oi New England. the other only m the mountainous regions tha. runs from Nu. gipia down through the oafoiinas. Ten, nessce. 1eorgiA and Alabama. Iexss and Aikanaas may. pefhAps. he addedto to this issi. for their population is eomposed m a great meassfe of emigran,s ho,n them. and in parts oi Indiana. illinos and AIasoas,, Inc spec, h oi the tniahef. land Mountains and iilae Ridge ts still heard with somc of ita oug,nal flavor
 Inc mining p4,a.s so frequently used by Ere, iisfte ,s really the dialect oi the sodsh, From which the gre-iei nams~r ot enlgfania c.-ms when gold was diseov- cred with an sdmis,urr of spanish and the pregnant terms tn .i the rough oeeu. patton and slid bie originated. The Ne~ England dialect has shown the gfeaiesi po~efs of snfyissl Ii is A,til heard with modifeati.u .us in sr~ York, Ashigap. Dhio Indiana, Iii,nois. Io~s. Wissons,a and Aiabesots, along the haes where its civilization flowed ~eats.fd Iis ansieni features are toand faltly sinbalin,d in the Widow iedott Paper and occasional tales tn ihe nsgaanes.