The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-10-18

SlXty-tWO degrees L dnTeDnelG. CT d
Western farmer says he knows sue
cessful dairyman who always churns
mt lifty-four degrees, and he heard one
declare at the National Butter. Cheese
and Egg convention, held at Milwau-
kee last December, that he churned at
fifty-eight degrees. We may infer
from this that different temperatures
are required for different conditions.
In one instance, ut least. different
temperature was demanded for sweet
cream. John Gould, agricultural edi-
tor of the Cleveland Herald, relates
the case of a neighboring creamery in
which the buttermilk was churned In
order to get all the butter.
HoLsTEINs.
A Holstein breeder says: at has
been said that Holsteins do not give |
rich milk. Experience teaches me |
differently. One of my grade Hol- |
stems gave 1880 pounds of milk dur
ing the thirty days of June, eighteen |
pounds of which made pound OF but
ter, or seventy-one pounds during the
month. Another COW, a four-year-old
that calved in December, gave her
weight 900 pounds) in milk during
January Taken altogether, l think
the Holsteins are ahead Of all other
breeds. / don't believe in paying
fancy prices for them. 1t is not the
price that makes the creature. Many
thoroughbred animal not on the
herd book, is worth more to the farm
er than registered COWS, and don't
cost nearly so much"
Origin of the Jersey: The New
York Sun says that the Jersey cow
was made the best COW in the world
by the fact that "as there was about
one COW to each peasant, and he was
mainly dependent on the product of
the animal for his daily food, he took
good care to see that this one COW was
a good one. 1t was matter of life or
death with the peasant, and he studied
the cows nature, and catered to her
wants and humored her whims, try
ing in all ways to induce her to give
enormous quantities OF very rich
milk"
NUTRITIOUS FOOD.
Apples are among the most nour-
ishing and healthful of all vegetable
foods. Besides containing large
amount of sugar and other carbro-
hydrates, they contain vegetable acids
and certain aromatic qualities which
act powerfully in the capacity Of
tonics, antiseptics and refrigerants or
cooling foods. When mellow they
prevent debility and indigestion.
They are no doubt very serviceable in
averting many ills. The operatives
of Cornwall, England, are said
to consider ripe apples nearly
as nourishing as bread. and
much more so than potatoes.
During the scarcity of food in some
years, apples have been largely used as
u regular diet, and workmen endured
their toll easily for some time on
baked apples alone; whereas potato
diet required to be supplemented by
meat or other food All European
people, and especially the French and
Germans, use apples extensively.
There is no fruit which can be cooked
and prepared in so many different
ways as apples, nor is there any fruit
whose value as an article of nourish-
ment is SO great and yet so little ap-
preciated.
SHEEP AS FERTILIZERS.
Evidence of the value of sheep
upon the farm as means of fertiliza-
tion is frequently presented to the at
tention of farmers, who would be glad
to continue their culture did "dog
culture" admit of it. The latest, and
convincing too, comes from Georgia.
1t is stated that an acre of land which
in 1880 produced only 500 pounds OF
seed cotton was MANFRED by having
only fifty sheep penned or confined on
it twenty nights, and in 1881 the, pro-
duct was increased to 1900 pounds, or
tripled. To increase the fertility of
the soil is not the only advantage de-
remarkably serviceable in devouring
hriarq hnohaS Nyaado atp which 9TH
erwiSe are a nuisance upon the farm.
EFFECT OF FOLIAGE.
In selecting trees and shrubs for
ornament, one should look to the cut
of the foliage and to its color. Trees
with large. heavy and dull leaves
give sombre and melancholy effect,
While those with small, finely cut and
light colored leaves make lawn look
gay. Grounds planted exclusively to
either of these sorts are not considered
tasty. 1t is one of the problems
landscape gardening to contrive
pleasing contrasts of large and small
leaves, of light and dark, of rigid and
lax, of sombre and gay foliage. A
cut-leaved, weeping birch may be
taken as good example of the light
and gay foliage, and the black maple
(Acernigrum) and the catalpus as ex-
amples of the sober and heavy. Most
evergreens belong to the later class.
cow PRODUCTS.
1t is estimeted that there are now
in the United States 100000 mich
cows, and that there are made annu-
ally 1.300,O00,000 pounds of butter and
400 600 pounds of cheese. In 1880,
as shown by the census, 772, 204 900
pounds of butter were made on farms,
and 29,451 600 pounds at factories
making total of sol ,525 600 pounds.
Also that 27,206000 pounds of cheese
were made on farms, and 215, 1856, 800
pounds at factories, giving a total Of
243, 145, 900 pounds of cheese. Besides
this, over 1900 pounds of oleomarga-
rine were also manufactured.
LARGE OR SMALL HOGS.
The Practical Farmer pertinently
says that when corn is plenty and
cheap it will pay to raise Chester
White and other large breeds of hogs,
but even then We doubt if the pork
from such monsters is as good for the
use of the family as that from the
smaller breeds, such as the Berkshire.
We doubt, too,-if the large breeds are
better for lard than the smaller ones,
and we know very we'll that it costs a
tOOQ Nit0l lDOlO W ldblCn bllO 1dLEC
breeds than it does the smaller ones.
A few years ago, when corn and other
food required TO make pork could not
be sold, or hardly given away, it did
not matter so much in regard to the
size and liability of the hogs to take
on flesh as it does now, but
even at that time, when corn
was so cheap pork was equally as
cheap. Since the introduction of rail-
roads and the facilities for reaching
distant markets we may not reasona-
bly, expect that pork or corn, for a
good many years at least, will rule so
low as they did score of years ago.
With The prospect in view that hogs
and corn will bring good round fig
ures, it is desirable that such breeds
of swine should be retained on the
farm that can be fattened on the least
quantity of food. A hog that at
eighteen MONTHS old will weigh 300
pounds, dressed, is the most profitable
hog that can be raised. We believe
the Berkshire, Poland China, Suffolk,
Jersey Red and kindred breeds are
preferable to those that are so large.
Almost all of these comparatively
small breeds take to the clover pas
lures as readily as neat stock. This is
u consideration that cannot be over