Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1883-09-28
How Canada IL Governed.

viz; New Brunswick Nova Scotia, Prince
Edward Island Quebec Ontario, British Co.
lumbia, and Manitoba. The total population
Of these provinces is 4 ,352, ,OS0. The execu
tive authority is vested in the queen, exereis
ed through the governor general, who receives
$50, 600 year as salary. The Governor Gen
eral has thirteen advisers, known as the cabi
net or Queens Privy council of Canada, ="
each of whom receives salary of $1,000 per
annum and $1,000 in addition for each session
of Parliament, excepting the premier, who
receives $4,000 and an additional $1,000 per
session, making the total annual salaries of
these officers S155, 900, Si9,O in excess of
that paid to the president of the United
States and his cabinet. A Amember of the Ca
madam cabinet must be either a senator or
member Of the House Of Commons.
Parliament is composed Of a Senate and
House Of Commons. Senators are appointed
for life, and members Of the House OF Com
mons are elected for five years. The present
number of Senators is Is. Under the recent
apportionment the House Just elected will
have 2ll members. Each Senator and men,
Der of the House of Commons receives $1,000
per annum as compensation. The sessions
are short compared with those OF the Con-
gress Of the United States. There is no par.
tcuar time or day for the assembling Of Par
Lament. It usually meets, however in Feb
ruary Of each year, being summoned to Otta-
wa by proclamation of the Governor General.
who also, With the advice of the cabinet pro-
rogues it., and so far as the House of Com.
mons is concerned, dissolves Parliament at
the end of five years or sooner.
Parliament is opened in person by the Gov
ernor General, with considerable formality
and pomp. The Speaker of the Senate, who
must be q Senator, is appointed by the Gov
ernor General. He has in all cases q vote
Senators do not address the Speaker They
address the Senate. Incorporate or offensive
language is dealt with by the Senate. The
members do not vote yea" or may" Those
in favor of a motion are the contents" and
those opposed are the mon. contents" In the
House of Commons the members address the
Speaker, who is elected by that body. The
Speaker of the Senate takes part in the de-
bates thereof. The Speaker of the House of
Commons takes no part in the debates He
has the casting vote in case Of tie. Unlike
the Speaker of the Senate, he preserves order,
and, on the whole, wields about the same
power as the Speaker of the House of Repre-.
sentatives of the United States
The form of government, to a great extent
is modelled from that of the United States, or
to that extent which its relation to Great Brit
ain permits The governor general has GER
tain powers, but he appears to have no will
against that of the government. He there
fore seldom uses any Of his prerogatives, but
assents to such measures as the government
may see fit to present. Each province has a
local legislature in some of which there are
an Upper and Lower House and in others but
one House. acknowledgement, appointed
by the governor-general, presides over each
province. With the exception of the members
of the House of Commons and Of the local
legislature, all officers are appointed, and hold
their positions during life or good behavior
General election days appear like Sunday All
places selling intoxicating drinks are closed,
the law on this point being very stringent, and
any person violating It being heavily fined and
sent to jail. Any person who has attained the
age of p years and has an income of 500 in
a city, $500 in a town or township, or $500 in
a village, may vote provided he is a British
subject Any person owning property in one
or more election districts can vote in each dis
trict in which his property is located, provid-
ed it amounts in each place to the figure nam
ed above. The voting il by ballot and only
one voter is allowed in the poll at a time. The
returning officer is supposed to have the tick.
cts printed with the names of the opposing
candidates thereon, who supplies each of his
deputies with the number required at their re-
spective polls on the election. The tickets
are numbered by the deputy returning officer,
VINO, as each voter presents hlmselt, initials
the ticket and hands it to the voter, who pro-
ceeds to another apartment, afixes the mark
required by law opposite the name of the can
eidate of his choice, returns to the poll, gives
the ticket to the returning who sees
that his initials are on it and then places it in
the box, thus making the process complete.
The candidate has nothing to do with the bal
lots or their preparation il is unlawful for
him to do 50. No person is recognized as a
candidate until he has deposited 5000 with
the proper authority. This sum is always re.
turned if the defeated candidate receives over
half of all the votes polled if not, only the
successful candidates deposit is returned.
CONSTITUENCIES are small in Canada compared
to the United States, and majorities are often
as low as one, two and three. Two or three
hundred is called a large majority in most OF
the electoral districts