davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

INFLUENCE OF RAILROADS UPON AGR1-
CULTURE.-So great has been the positive
advantages which all departments of agri-
culture have derived from the. construction
of railroads, that, if the entire cost Of their
building had been levied upon the farmers
of the central West, theyWOuld have paid
it and been immensely the gamers. The
railroads have done what could not have
been effected without them; they have Sc
cured to the producer very nearly the prices
of the Atlantic markets, and very largely
in advance of what could have been on his
farm; by thus enabling the producer to
dispose of his products at good prices at all
times, they have helped to increase rapid
ly both the settlement and the annual pro-
ductiOn of the interior States. The older
a country is the more civic and less rural
it becomes-that is the greater will be the
demand for food, and the less the produc-
ton. Hence it is that Europe, an old
country, filled with cities, makes contin-
ual demand on this country for food. Hence
it is that New England and New York,
continually filling up with manufacturers,
artisans and cities, must be supplied with
increased quantities of food from the in
terror West. Hence it is that cheapening
of transportation inures to the benefit OF
the agricultural producer. BY thus giving
the farmer the benefit Of the best markets,
and the highest prices, railroads have in
creased the agricultural productions OF the
country beyond any thing heretofore known
in the world.-J United States Ec0n0mIsf.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

THE Sun AND It's HEAT.-Prof. Z. "A.
Young. of Princeton College, recently ae-
livered a lecture before the American AS
Economical Association, at Parker Institute,
BROOKLYN, on "The Fuel of the Sum-" IN the
course of which he said that to account 1or
the heat of the sun, there might be some
truth in Helmbolt's notion that the sun Is
fed, on it's way through space, with mete0ts
attracted to it by its immense mass. II tiils
theory were true, then the earth ousnt "
get as much heat from shooting stars as ilo,l,
the sun, and the surface OF TINS gloDe "oulu tI
have three tons of meteOric matter 10 the
snuare mile. Yet in some way this oDIec-
ton could be explained away. II we are 10
suppose that heat is derived from natter
distributed through space, we should nrst
remember that the matter would make IL
self felt on the planets Of the solar system.
prof. Proctor must be wrong IN saying tlllS
does not necessarily follow.
Another thing, if, as some suppose, a cur
rent of meteors toward the sun existed, tneli
mischief would be played with comets.
They would encounter resistance lhen, 700,
the temperature of the sun would NOT De
hotter from such mete0ric combustion Ihali
the carbon points in the electric ilght; frol:
Young had always supposed that the neat
in the sun was not less than l0,OOO' centl
grade. Yet as very slight increase OF nea'
produces all immense amount OF radlatioli,
The heat of the sun might be lower than he
supposed yet he could not believe it as low
as that of an electric light Another puz.
zling theory had been proposed, VIZ, that
the SUN sent its heat only to that which re-
ceives it, only to each of the planets, Whlle
snace outside of direct linetrom the sun 10
the n]anet remains cold. The trouble WIN
that theory was that heat radiated on all
sides. and in waves, notin one direction only.
The advocates of the theory said that SOAR
heat acted like the law of gravitation.
Finally, there was theory that solar neat S
came from the contraction of the suns body,
but the objection to the theory was una. 4,,,a 10
put limit to the universe. II 1t IS true
hvnothesis. then the sun could not be more
than tn ooO 900 years DID, and it could mot not
continue to give heat more than l5,OoO,Wo
years. Such limitation is not to be
thought of.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

How SOME Towns ARE STARTED.-The
town of Ontario, CAL, is one of the numer-
GUS speculative ventures which have been
made on the colony plan, all along the fruit
region, extending from Los Angeles South
ward toward the desert-dry, ,treeless, sandy,
forbidding land, in many places nearly bare,
in others covered with an ugly growth OF
sage and similar brush, useless without ar
tifcial irrigation, but producing when wa
ter is applied, the best quality of grapes and
oranges, as we'll as other crops. The found
ing of colonies on such lands seems to have
become a recognized branch Of the real es-
tate business. A company secure site, in
cluding a sufficient stream of water, lay out
the town, open streets, construct lrrlgatlng
works, and then sell the lots. When Onta-
rio was founded last Winter, on the western
edge of San BernardinO county, the first en-
terprise of the proprietors- there
were any hOuses-Was to start newspaper.
AS the town contained nothing except
boundary stakes, the Ontario Fruit GroUer
took board so to speak, at Riverside, where
it is still printed. The next Improvement
was the introduction of the telephone close
upon which followed the cornerstone of the
Agricultural College. When saw Ontario,
recently, broad street, called Euclid ave-
nue., stretched through the brush from the
railroad two or three miles back toward Gu
camonga Mountain. A hotel and depot
were building. A shanty and two tents,
with, think, a house or so in the far back
ground, held the settlers. Since that time
a marriage has been celebrated in the town;
and, dare say Mayor and Common Coun-
Gil will be elected before the end OF the sea-
son, for great deal of the land has been
Correspondence Of the New York 1Ti-
J1t2e.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

A FRENCH FARMER.-The lot of French
farmer is neither happy nor jolly: He fares
frupalIy on soup and the thinnest OF ordlna-
rv wine or cider. The stock of his soup IS
bacon and he eats butchers meat only tWlce
A week-that is on Sunday and market-day.
When he attends market he makes a succu-
lent dpje,ner and drinks good deal OF peer
at the cafe. This is his only cheerful tune;
at ordinary seasons he is morose, troubied
about the weather, the conscription when
is pojng to take his son i'll the army, anu
abont POLITICS, of which he understands Just
enough to be in constant dread OF revoiu-
tionss lie is conservative ; that is to say ne
upholds the government of the day, "hat-
ever it is, for fear of anarchy; but no gov
ernment is popular with him, for every aa, ID
ministration finds it necessary to lay on
new taxes. The climate, however, Is III MS
favor. A bad harvest is not a common
thing in France, and a succession OF Dad o
haryests never occur. 1t is lucky, for the
French farmer that this is so, for there are
few French landlords who would be III
position to remit any part OF years reli.
after bad harvest. The rule in France Is
that farmers rent must be paid as punctu-
ally as a lodger's rent. If it be not pald,
election is resorted to at once, and NOBODY
thinks of looking upon the tenant as al Ill
used man.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

can National, and many spectators have
their eye upon it also. The whole State is
well watered and very rich. The climate is
delightful, and it is the intention to build a
large hotel here for the accommodation of
American winter travel. The railroad from
Monterey to this point runs through some
magnificent scenery, and many people, even
now, 60 by stage to geta view OF it. 1t Is a
ING to Niagara Falls,
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

PLAIN TALK ABOUT MARRIAGE.-As to
the age when people should marry, the lady
should, in my opinion, be 20 or q, and the
gentleman five years her senior. Poor men
cannot marry eXtravagant girls, who en-
pect as good home as their parents were
only able to acquire after many years toll.
The deceit practiced on both sides is very
great. The ugly suitor gets a tailor to hide
his deficiencies; the unsightly maiden calls
in the aid of her rouge pot and mllllner.
Until recently marriage brokerage was car
ried on in France We Americans are gull
ty of the same thing in another way. Moth
ers sell daughters to the highest bidders,
and daughters sell themselves for gold to
men old enough to be their grandtathers.
Such women would no more choose honest
mechanics for husbands than they would
convicts from the penitentiary. There IS
no reason why women should not choose as
we'll as men. At present the men have an III
the advantage. No girl is fit to be wife
till she can, Unnecessary, cook meal, make
a dress and keep house in order. Accom-
plishments are good, but tired husband
would much prefer a good square, meal.
All matches that are brought about by sell
fish motives are unhOly, and women who
marry for position or wealth are just as
guilty as those who sell their virtue for a
given sum. They are, III fact, living a life of
legalized prostitution. Marriages in which
there is no adaptation are unlawful. AS oil
and water will not unite without alkaline,
so many a couple are united by means of
gold. Such artiicially made matches are
often broken. You may force alcohol and
gum camphor to blend, but at the presence
of water the alcohol elopes and leaves the
camphor a grass widow. In like manner o
third party often steps in between badly
assorted pair, with what result can be easily
seen. None but those who have been united
through pure motives and deep, abiding
love, have fulfilled the conditions under
which man and woman may really be-
come husband and wife.-Rer. DR.. Ncken-
dree.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

RELICS OF THE STONE AGE.-The sand
stone quarry at Carson, Nevada, is proving
a rich field for archseologists. In addition
to the giant human footprints lS4 inches IN
length and of corresponding width, there
have been found the teeth of the saber tooth
ed tiger, the horse, the tusk and jaw OF the
mastodon and horses jaw. But the most
interesting find lately made was a tomp
near the Needles, on the line of the Atlantic
and Pacific road, at the depth OF l73 1eet
from the surface. In it were found huge
skeleton in sitting position, with its knees
drawn up to it's head and clasped IN bony
embrace with it's feshless arms: AT Its 1eet
were several large bowls, originally made
of reddish clay, but hardened by the lapse
of ages into a substance, resembling Hint.
A tablet was inserted in the wall at its head,
bearing long inscription in hieroglyphics
and covered with rude limitations OF some
extinct species Of creatures, half animal.
half reptile. A number of implements of
warfare were also found. Among them "a
stone axe, the handle and head being OF
stone, while the edge was formed of iron OF
great hardness, mortised into flint. The re-
mains of apetrifed forest was passed through
before the tomb was reached.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05
RELATION OF WINDS TO HEALTH.-The
,.,,lte, Of 90 rnfi1l nnd nrntra ntnd mptp0rnl0r-

RELATION OF WINDS TO HEALTH.-T
results of careful and protracted meteOrolog-
ical observations by DR.. Prestel, the German
physicist, shows that it is possible to discov-
er the original cause of diseases that are de-
pendent upon the climate and the weather,
by proper study Of the winds as observed
at that place-in fact, that the climate char
acter of any region is exactly represented
by the nature Of the winds, and from their
nature at different places their salubrity can
be determined with much safety. Again,
he finds that the winds and the character OF
the weather are identical with each other
for any given month, the sickness, however,
depending rather upon the climate OF the
preceding month, evidently because it be-
gan the sickness which appears recorded,
perhaps in the statistical tables of the sue
ceeding weeks and months. Dr. Prestel re-
marks that the most unfavorable condition
of the atmosphere is long period of pre-
vailng calm, or very slight breezes.; thus,
in many climatic diseases, as malaria, yel-
low fever, ETC., it appears that when they
become epidemic there has preceded that
time long period of calm weather, the
lowest stratum of air resting quietly upon
the earth.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1883-07-05

THE GIRLS OF THE BLUE GRASS RE-
GION.-The women here have gorgeous ma
ture to build on and high art to improve 1t
with. When the Bona Dea, out of her boun-
teousness, makes a blue grass woman she
takes care never to spoil the JOB. A soft,
white, warm body, translucent with divine
light, and curving to lines of beauty as nat
urally as the tendrils of the vine, is the
groundwork upon which nature limbs the
human angel. Eyes softly bright, but lu-
intense; cheeks like the damask
rose, with buttercups of dimples, in whose
honeyed heart sly Puck or oberon might
sleep lips like oX-heart cherries at the cen,
tire, but flexible as smoke wreath, and
fading away into the soft cheek like the
hearts blood of strawberry into luscious
cream a chin fairly fashioned as the gol-
den apple that blushing Paris gave to We
nus, who trembled with delight at taking
it the brow Of Juno and the bust of Hebe;
the sea nymph's pearlly ear, the wood
nymph's springy steps-these are a few of
the charms that nature gives the maiden of
the blue grass.-Lerington RyD Letter.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-06
A STONE FOREST IN THE BED OF LAKE
TAHOE,

For some years past there has been a
bank in Lake Tahoe, which, in clear
weather, has generally been taken for NOES
formation. 1t lies at the right Of the
steamers course between Tahoe City and
the Tallao House, about two miles beyond
Idlewild. 1t looked az il lot Of trees had
sunk TO the bottom of the lake and that
moss and slime had collected there until
the whole presented wsvy semi-transpa-
rent appearance about fifty feet below the
surface. During the past few weeks the
moss and debris have disappeared, and now
when the water is clear forest Of pine
trees can be plainly seen with every limb
and twig perfect. On Wednesday last
some fishermea went out there in boat
and lowering some graphing irons secured
seversl splendid pieces of the petrifsction.
One is a pine branch about Il re feet long,
which, when held few feet 70 n the eye,
hAs the exact appearance of q pine branch
Just taken from living tree and apparently
fresh aud green, the brittleness and weight
distinguishing il from the freshly cut
branch. The specimens brought TO Nc
Kinney's were speedily disposed of to tour
ists. The largest was purchased by Henry
Townsend, of San Francisco, for SIS. This
is said to be the first thing Of the kind ever
found in the lake. The forest occupies about
two acres, and seems like forest just i'm
mersed, except that its stony branches are
forever still, and tall weeds and vines which
cluster about the trunks Of the giant trees
are as motionless as the rocks. No wind
ever stirs this strange yerdure, and TIE
birds which ones sang 10 the branches cent
uries ago have given way to fish which
swarm through the forest by thousands
ICArson Appeal.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-06
CUT or UNCUT LEAVES.

In these days of rapid transit, when peo-
pie will scarcely take time to eat their
meals, and when the one great end of hu-
man ingenuity ia the invention of labor
saving devices, it is not strange that the
publishers should be urged to sell their
magazines ready cut. People who do their
reading, or what they call reading, on the
run, cannot be expected to take time to cut
the leaves, aud they actually complain that
much good matter is lost to them because
they cannot conveniently get at it. These
persons probably would like to have the
nuts brought to the table ready cracked.
You can eat almonds great deal faster if
their shells have been removed beforehand
much faster than you can digest them.
But it is a poor nut that is not worth
cracking, and the time occupied in break
ng the shells is the one thing that makes
nuts desirable at dessert. The very same
principle applies to reading. A person who
does not take pleasure in deliberately cut
ting the leaves of new magazine is no
reader. He is mere deVourer. He is
not only incapable Of understanding the
true intellectual enjoyment to be had in
the act of readiug, but he is in too great
haste really to read with profit, The saw
ages who 90 at a magazine or book with q
lead pencil, hairpin, or perhaps with
their fingers, leaving jagged edges to mark
their devastating track, are rather worse
than those who do not cut the leaves at all.
But surely reading people ought not to be
asked &c sacrifice their pleasures and priv.
ileges for the sake of either class of bar
barians. The magazines and novels sold
10 trains and at railway stations might
have their leaves cut, since they are not
meant for careful readers but those who
like to have the margins thus mutilated
should be made to pay extra for it. There
Ia too much reading ia the cars as it is, and
the practice ought rather to be discouraged
than promoted. Il Philadelphia Times.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-06

STATUE oP MARTIN LUTHER. The
bronze statue Of Martin Lether proposed
for Washington is twelve feet high, and
stands on q pedestal of the same hight.
The original is at Worms, and the dupli-
cate will cost, delivered, about 81, 600.
The reforner stands with appraised face,
bearing in his left hand large Bible, on
which Ae rests his right fist with the
knuckles down. The gesture is some
what lofty and defiant appeal to the con-
tents of the book, and the uplifted face
appears TO challenge the verdict Of heaven
az TO the justice of his cause. A heavy
theologisn's cloak, with wide sleeves,
envelope him to the ankles. Il is
pity the idea of g statue to
Luther should have come 20 late, for those
most interested wish to commemorate with
it the four hundredth anniversary Of his
birthday, which takes place this yesr, and
there 10 no time for an original work.
Duplicates are never satisfactory very long,
and il Seems fair that retsrmer whoee
disciples found refuge in America by the
thousands, and may be said to have
laid the foundations OF the United
States from Canada 70 Alabams, should
have statute designed and made by Amer.
leans. The spot chosen lie the sharp angle
made by Vermont avenue and Fourteenth
street. Washington, in front Of the Me.
mortal Lutheran Church and opposite the
circle IN which stands the equestrian
statue Of General Thomas By ]. Q A Ward.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-06
THE DAIRY RECORD-UNI0N.
VARIATIONS IN rHs USE OF woRDs.

Il will hardly be denied in any quarter
that the speech of the United States Is
quite unlike that OF Great Britain in the
Important particular that here we have no
dialects. Triimg variations in pronrnoia-
ton and in the use of few particular
words certainly exist. the Yankee "ex-
poets" or " calculates, A" while the Yirginian
"reckons :" and the illiterate RortherDer
"olaims," and the Southerner OF similar
class, by a very curious reversal OF the
blunder, allows" what better educated
people merely assert. The pals and pans
of the world at large become buckets
when taken 20 Kentucky. It's evening
In Richmond while afternoon still fingers
hundred miles due north at Washington.
Vessels 20 iuto docks on their arrival at
Philadelphia, but into slips st Mobile
they are tied up to wharyes" at Boston.
but to "piers" at Chicago. Distances are
measured by squares" in Baltimore, ey
"bIocks" in Providence. The shilling"
of New York ia the levy" OF Pennsylva-
MIA, the "bit" of San Francisco, the
ninepence" Of old New England, and the
"escalau'' Of New Orleans. But put all
these variations together, with such others
as more careful examination might reveal,
and how far short they fall OF representing
anything like the real dialectic differences
of speech that obtain, and always have OBJ
tanned, not only between the three king
doms, but even between the contiguous
sections of New England itself 1t ought
TO be remembered also that the ordinary
language of the United States includes not
greatly more Of what may be called caste
variations than Of those that are attribute
bic to differences Of localities. The speech
OF the lower order of the people, whether
examined In regard to its vocabulary, its
construction, or its pronunciation, differs
from what all admit TO be the standard
correctness by much smaller degree than
is the ease in England. a comparison OF
slang dictionaries will reveal far longer
list of unauthorized words as current
among British dodgers" than among their
congeners in the United States. Gram
NAUTICAL rules are violated badly enough by
the ignorsnt of our own cities every day,
no doubt but how often, after all, will
you hear from intelligent and respectable
working people of American descent quite
such soleism as the " were" and she
were" that one go frequently notices in the
mouths of lower middle class Britons, &C.
customed all their lives to conversation
with speakers of the purest English And
As for the pronunciation, we have our
faults, of course, in abundance, but where,
from the Atlantic to the Pacific, will you
discover any such utter disability of hear.
ing or discernment as can permit men to
drop or multiply their his or transpose
their WIS and VS. Prof. Tucker, in North
American Review.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-06

ESGLIsH WALL DEooRATIoE,-There Is
one thing for which we cannot give the
Rnglish too much praise, and that Is their
wall decorations. In this detail Of house
furnishing they are still quarter Of Gen.
fury ahead Of Us. Some Of the tile work
IL crude, and much of il is too sober in
color but there are public and private
buildings In which the tile is employed with
most exquisite taste. That there are very
many gentleman's mansions in America
where wall ornAmentataon is carried 70 .
lofty, even an extravagnnt, pitch OF SPLEEN
dor, / admit bat theirs Is not one public
restaurant or music, hall or shop handsomely
decorated in New York for every twenty
In London and the minor English cities. In
the theaters in England the decorating is
lavish, but not tasteful In the new Strand
TheAter it is gaady and the Roy Alsy, the
Royal Comedy, the Novelty and the other
amusement halls are evidences of poor
taste. Bat IL one wishes TO pay literally
be can have more comfort in any English
than in an American theater. The deco
rstions Of the Savoy Theater are lovely
under the cool CLEAN Of the electric Light
there ia nothing at once 50 original and
pretty AZ this ia Paris. The French seem
70 G. r. but little for comfort ia public
places freeh air is not one OF their needs,
and d ey hate innorations-hterslly hate
thsm.-lK King. IN the Boston Journal