The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1883-05-10
Annie Leaf CrumnIer.

The apple leaf crumpler was discov-
cred by Prof, Walsh i'm 1860, and named
by him. 1t works not only upon the
apple tree, but also upon the plum, the
cherry and crab apple, and really does
much more injury than it gets credit
for These pests do not work together
but being scattered over the orchard. a
few only on q single tree, the damage
they do is not always realized When
the trees are in full foliage, the leaf
crumpler commits its greatest depreda-
lions, and it requires a very careful eX-
animation to discover them. 1t is some
times the case that they destroy both
fruit and foliage of large orchards The
crumpler passes the winter on the trees
under a clump of dried leaves, which
are bound to the twigs by sillen cords
Sometimes the dried leaves are found
bound tightly to the twig"
When such is the case the sheath that
encloses the larva is most generally
found glued to the twig itself, ''the
bark being gnawed off where the at
tachment is made. " In other cases
''the leaves hang more loosely, and the
worm inhabited case may be found
sometimes two or more curled up and
fastened with silken cords - When
about One-third grown the worm then
goes into winter quarters. In the
spring when the leaves appear, itmoves
from its old quarters and makes a new
shelter of fresh leaves, coming out of
the case to feed, as a rule, at night.
1t is not always satisfied with eating
the leaves, but buries itself in the side
of the fruit, and will also eat the bark
of the tWigs. The case which it
inhabits for shelter, when it is not feed
ing, is made of the excrements of the
worm, and the refuse of the leaves on
which it feeds. The inside is lined With
silk.
When of full growth, the worm is
about siX-tonths of an inch long. It's
head is of a dark reddish brown color.
covered with a horny looking plate,
which extends over the first and a part
of the second segment. On the side Of
the second and third segments there is
a black prOtuberance and there is a
small black spot on the side of each of
the other segments, and in each of these
is a single light brown hair Early in
June, it passes into the pupa state,
usually in the case, and in about two
weeks moth is developed from the
chrysalis The wings of the moth ex-
tended, measure seYen-t enths of an
inch. The color of the fore wings is a
pale brown, patched and streaked with
silyery white; the color of the hind
wings is a brownish white. The under
side of the wings is pale whitish brown,
that of the hind wings being Daler. The
moths lay their eggs on the leaves, and
the eggs hatch cut the latter part Of the
summer.
The best time to fight the crumpIer
is while it is in winter quarters. 1t can
then be easily found, and these insects
being single 'brooded, if they are
thoroughly destroyed in the winter,
that Will be the end of them. There
fore we advise the gathering and de-
struction Of them in the winter. But
that advice will not avail now We,
therefore. advise the use of Paris green.
If the trees are SPRAYED with a solution
of Paris green, when the WORMS are
feeding, it must necessarily prove fatal
to them. Any poison viii answer
HeSteFn Rural