davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30
CHEROKEE sR1IxARIns

II was our privilege TO visit thes.
TIVE Institutions during last week
They are under an unusually good
management both In the scholastic
and domestic departments. The
houses are clean and orderly and
the students are using well thei,
excellent opportunities. We spent
a night At the Male Seminary and
it was % quiet a. aprivats dwell
ling, not . particle Of unnecessary
noise and after the retiring bell
rung, il Was Is q uiet ~ Night. We
examined several classes in Latin
and were really surprised at the
accurate thoroughnsss. Mr.. Eng
lish, the Principal. is not only .
thorough scholar but an excellent
disciplinanian. He is well assist
I'd ty Capt. Smith and Miss Cor
nelia James, teachers Of crest ex-
pericnce. At the Female Semi
nary the girls are working hard
and contend that they are doing
more work. 1t is our solemn epin-
ion, after q judicial examination Of
the case that if they do more in
their stsdies a. they claim, il il
not because they are more indus
trioue but because - every chero-
kee win cordially agree, they are
the brightest, smsrtest girls In ths
world. Mrs. Narcissa Owen shq
ed us . flower pit she has had made,
filed with beautiful flowers in lhll|
bloom, roses, violets. lilies Of Abe
Nile. geraniums, etc. 1t was}
to meet thus the blush
ing, lovely approximation Of
spring and mid summer while ev-
elsewhere showed the
sombre mantle Of winter, and il
shows that the tastes Of our girls
are being directed in the proper
The love Of the beausi-
full il the best way to beautify thel
hearts aAd make happy the homes
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

for cash. Nail
tiicatss A. the ~
| Flint Distriet. d H. l.,l
Monday in NAV 1884 tnr S,,,o"-
ing Described strsv propertv h.
vii,
uonsrs
1 dark iron-erav horse ponv. :
wears old ne brand IL bsnds
hieh- Al ID Will;.ms,
dark ironerav ms,s ronv sbo,,t
|s venrs ~ No hr.nd * hsnds
hieh. at Diek Williams'
two wear old bav hor,e colt
branded "a vbite inths forehead
AZ pick Williams'
1 small 2 wear o,d. milk colored
colt. white face. olass-eved no
brand A. pieI Wil,;sms, On Nco.
sho brairie
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30
LOOK HERE l

We have for sale ono team ol
large work horses. weigh about
l200 pounds each, good drivers,
$und workers and sound. Good
harness and wagon. All for e325.
Cosss and see them before il is too
late- Call at this Office.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

| To owners Of Town Lots 4
ita, Cheuteau, Rossville. +
son and Tshlequah-
The undersigned comz
appointed BY the Prip(
ender euhozisy ~ q
National Council. !
ceanber 9Th, 1881, and
aet In relatios se towns
Of railroads passing thf
Cherokee Nation, Table
Fost Gibssa included, hsf
3 al persons, eitissns Of Is
ekee Mason, holding eert;ll
d purchase il whole or in part
completed titles - lots Ia any one
ss al ef The towns above named
to-wit: yiaits o. Downingville,
choutsau. Rossville or Prairie
City, Tahlequah and Fsrt Gibse9<
70 make showing Of the same 4
hnal and eompsete payment o.
unpaid dues. On or before tn
day Of Aug. 1859. 70 the
signed at Fort Gibson Sosl
h Font cibson. AZ
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30
LOCAL Irxoo.

60 to Raymond's for rope.
Go to Raymond's for cook
stoves.
James Keys, Esq, has made a
trip to Tahlequah.
If you need window glass go
~ Raymond's.
&C. v. Rogers was in the city
ON Wednesday.
Nice butter monlds and churns
al Raymond's.
Small pox has about played
out everywhere now.
Mr.. A. c. Raymond has been
quite III for q few days.
Mr.. Oliver Haworth is in from
his ranch this week.
-R. N. Swain can't be beat on
ssdllcry. He has the best stock
in the civilized world.
Go and see thoss nobby bird
'.s' - ~
y cas. moved into his
-. n.... ~ rhrrslav on the
,...h LII. - I,,;no;s .lreet.
~: n ~ r,na g Glare
,.ore and Rev Charles Bluejack-
et ~ Bluc;.cket Station. were in
town tbIe week.
-
o: o.
.dJrs-s " p Owen. Joplin. No. |
17-6
n won vont a cofFec not. or
.uvtb;ny in ,be line Of tinware. 20 |
!, Rsvmond,s. He alway. has a |
full stock on hand. |
~ q w.,,. :. .aar.s.
=, r.,:- ~ - rrou
o - |
- ss zee
AT RAymond's YOU will always
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

UEsox CHURCH.
Preaching every Sabbath at 1919 q,
mn and 7:3 n. ". Sabbath school at
$50 D. =. Regular prayer meeting
rhmsday eveniags At 7:3o p. a: Young
oeople's rrayer meeting every Sabbath
1t SIS p. -. Rev. j. ". SzogEs. fas-
tor.
rrruoDwr ussoorAx carncu sorTu.
Preaching en- the drst, third and
fourth 6abbaths at II a. m, and every
sabbath at p. n. Prayer meeting
svuv Wednesday att p- N. Sabbath
school every sabbath at 10 an. Rev.
!. o. ehanks, Pastor in charge.
eEznByrnsAH CHURCH.
servieea every second sabbath at the
n. y. ChuFcb, at II q. n. and p. u.
Rev. Wen. r. Haworth. Pastor.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

A Regular Comnunication q vi
~ nita Lodge, No. 5, a: T. "A. N.
" Meets the fivst and third 6atur-
days of each month at O'Clock. p. a.
All Brcthreu are fraternaly inuited.
v.g. ssocu, W.
v. !. srRAxaR, snc'y-
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30


return eur 'nanAs .or "a
complimentary ''eAeSs 70 me en-
! Ierainment gwen Al r. uipson
last fnday evening" the zdfd INST
We are very sorry not to have beer
! present. tis said to have been
splendid; bright pleasant music
and side splitting farces, excellent
" played The actors we're hr
a. H. Gibson, Billy Campbell
Harry Nash, T. N. Walker, Mn
Lizzie Sanders, Misses jennie
Daugherty, Glade Dsgerweli, Edna
Gregory, Jesnnetse 6ta'T and Wah-
ieyah.
-Dr. Frssee has been instructed
by the Executive OF the Cherokee
Nation to apply the ruies Of guar
sntine to non citizens ~ well ~ to
citizens. The law suthor'ses the
eomm'ttee 70 establish . qusrsn-
tine and e'yors q With sneh rssu-
lations Is they may deem neoes-
sary Tor the purpose. They have
dsefssorsaI powers Tor the time be-
ing with legislative, Executive and
JUDICIAL su'nonues ior THIS pur-
pose The committee is ADVISED
80 TAR - practlcaole 70 make the
vaccination o. the pso''c' espseaa'-
y where exposed. conpuisory.
We hope shs committee w'ii ant
gently carry out these 'nsrruc.'ons
ana prevent me s0fsner loss oi our
citizens.
~ -a.' Up 80
Seaman, tnmosii ana CEN Doies'
went 20 Detroit on aenday morn
ing win tns Iol'ov'eg named prs
oners; y Y. ns'oe1', ". a.
smith. Cnas' Adams cessar aof'
rSon' n. I'sm' nos, Im", 'onn
carer, 'on. o'oss'' as',y De
s,nA Su"'s' oan 0'..'' .'s''s 0's
M", TesI'on' Ho'e'. o.o-
Ioo'er, a. nss'oy' ~,s.A ''
Den Hawnln. - uo'nns, 1u.
r'e'o' "Asn 'e'u' .a' sonn
oaIne"' ~ cons'sneu 20 'ns 1ouse
u ~o'fe'on' oe''0 0'A.' "su
.ePuenance :" 'ae s1pose - ns
ing on WIN 'nc squAo % P'sons'
sne wa coufssous'y iurnisned WIN
. wen drcssed eusro ana escorted
70 the depot IN Don ION styie.-In-
aepe"denf. l.
~. D.''s.''on ,aan ~ ~ see'''s .a'
" e'oo'sro ~ Sn 'as
'eVup'ea ,anas "e'' u oo' o,o no'
compromises 'ne 1"0's'Psea 'snos
'nousn 'ns .Pp'.'semen' u men
.onea' on 'ne contrary ee's,ne
nc money 'or 'ne 'auus occ'p'eo
y 'ne Ne1 re'ces' 'oncas' s'c''.
,na al i'l 'na' money' giving 'nem
'''e - 'ne ,"s,Anee y 'He'' sua'a
2" 'ne on,'e' ''a'es sosencn
'necua''y noes away WIN INC ga
'PP'".se'se"' 81 'ne.s 'snos' 20
Ause y does a"dy VIZ" '"s 'v''s
'''ee 20 '"e ~neyennes oy 'ne y 81.
lea'y oi ioo'. - sne eo"'sya"ee
! eo'' '0'' VIC PFC p.' a' Nv: -"
an. - '"a' :. eou.'s' ...e !,
=. 'o'a'.'on' "''s =, NV .A'''' !.
a'' aIu IN s~.s ~ 49, s.Yc c.. a. h
=" ~ ..,ss s;,,s - ~. M s..:.. . 1870 49,. - h
'n's very 'cna. line cnefokees :
&c reques'eo oy tue ~ .. govern
'ens 10 g've uus 70 'ne neg Tsr
es' 70 = par. o' 'nis iano lot i.<o'
surely could nos cay 'ne ute 70
&c paiance vcs'ed IN sne govern
rent on q payment o' a.4' GEMS I,
er acre: 40 al 'n'en's ana pur II
oses inns appraisemens y oeiunc' n
no win never again De saxsn as a,
'easule o. va'ue 'or .ncse ANUS h
hich to-day are worth sz.oo an Il
'rc. ihis money VIII DC paid 70 9,
70 Cnerokee treasury wnen .ns
ties are gwen 70 the iriendiy IN II
Ians, located upon these lands un- ii;
er The 18th Art. OF the treaty Of =,
'66. Its subsequent disposition :,
subject 70 the National Council =
N s.rox oopul; - q
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

Twelve and cne-han per ceat added
to the above rates fer dsubls.oolumn
advertisements.
All advertisements WIN be charged
by the square unless oontPact Is made
by the month or year.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30
ROBERT 0. KNIGHT,
--,lannfhxursr o<-
AI|en's Riaglealer
Washing Machines
WRINGERS.
01n1ta, q NJ, L n.

These Machines sre warrantcd b
nish 4 washing rezdy for the Iine,
.ifho1t the use Of tub or hoard, %
ct have the hands in the suds h1n
eeinnins to end and will wash any
hing from qalit 70 gun patch, aud
re fully warranted against breaknxo
u one year. Tkxne: $500 for Wash-
: and Xr1ncer comIincI 4l000 fur
"ashsr alone i-l@.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30
Oliver e. llindes,

manoSocboror q Ah0 Dea1er u
HARNESS, sADDLEs, COLLARS.
BRIDLEs, vHIPa COMES.
BRUSHES Ets- Ete
Repairing nsAtely done. All worl
warranted. F.. Losis.pricss dupli
eAtcd. Orders from . distancs
filed on short notice.
sExAs SADDLES A sPDCrABrv.
Give rs . call before you
buy elsewhere.
J. +. Roberts, Of Dallaa, Ter In charge
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

MAJ. Joel Bryan and Robert Owen.
One Of the most enterprisine
and useful magazines that has como
to US recently is DExoRExr's
MONTHLY MAGAZINE for April,
which does not contain a single ar
ticle that cannot be read with prof.
il and pleasure. 1.-THE Admiral's
Ward" is continued, and among
the shorter stories are "a Romance
in Purple, ""An April Adventure, {"
"Joe Baxter, Ranchman," and
The "Story of the Maelstrom," a
translation from the Norwegian.
Jenny June gives another chapter
of "How We Live in New York, I"
Miss Kate Sanborn an amusing
sketch, entitled "The Conundrum
Of the Nineteenth Century," Mrs.
Hungerford one Of her popular ar
ticler, and Miss Hefta Ward
sHolne Art and Home Comfort. "
These, with many ether articles Of
interest, and "Currcnt Topics, "
and the various departments, make
up as interesting . number Of this
readable MAGAZINE a. ne have vet
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1883-03-30

work in furnishing choice literature
in . cheap form to the cid and
young Of this generation, and he
deserves and should receive their
hearty support:
The old fashioned biographeys
told how their subjects became
learned BY perusing borrowed
books. to obtain which they walk
ed long distance BY the light of q
pine knot Gre. Others saved their
money for months to buy Z single
volume. This is all over now, and
if reading is the road to greatness,
great men ought to be plentiful.
To illustrate. We have before us
Mr.. Hawer-e sketch of "Artemus
Ward" twenty-three pages, we'll
printed, and sold for two cents !;
here is "Mark Twain" for the
same price here is 'sJames Rus
sell Lowell |" for four cents. These
are from the -'Elsevir Library, "
published somi-weekly At g. 90
per year. Looking over the list,
here IL "HemIet, . entire for six
cenfs: Stoddard : ~ lie Of WASH
ineton, /" for six cents; "BnSyon's
Pilerim's Progress, " complete for
len CENTS Thkn here is ''choicel
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26

THE use of coke on locomotives is
one-third more costly than coal. The
fact that there is no smoke viii not
compensate for the extra cost of coke.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26
Princess and Peasant.

The Princess Louise, who is passing
the idle days in Bermuda, was touch-
ingly referred to by the Prince of Wales
in his speech fortnight ago to the
graduates of the London high schools.
In the meantime, what was the princess
doing in Bermuda On the day before
the reception rendered her at st.
Georges she went on sketching ex-
petition along the shore, all alone, and
after time, becoming thirsty, went
for a drink to the cottage of negro
fisherman. No one was there but
..auntie,'' and she was as busy as could
be, ironing shirt Of her s.ole man.
TO wear at the reception. The princess
asked her for drink. Else no time
to bodder getting water TO you,r was
the reply. Use fea'ful busy, for Use
bound to seen de queens chile to-mor-
row. but if you'll get me a drink
I'll iron while you do SOL said the
princess The offer was accepted. the
princess finished the shirt and got her
drink. and then revealed her idenity.
.Fo' de Lord, honey?r exclaimed
'.auntie,m when she recovered from her
surprise, .sole man no let no one else
ever wear dat shirt again, nohow.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26
BEATING THE BOYS.
Logan smokes at the Expense 81 Some Young
Southern Blesds.


Senator Logan knocked his boxing
teacher down the other day. He has
been taking boxing lessons for some
time, and has grown more and more
proficient He is very strong man,
and as soon as he masters the ..sci-
ence'' will be dangerous. Logan is an
EXPERT athlete-at least he was, and he
would be if it were not for an occasion
al twinge of rheumatism. As it is, he
delights in out door sports of all sorts.
He is an admirable horseman and
swordsman; he knows how to handle
shotgun, rifle, and a cannon, and he
is one of the best pistol shots in the
country. He has the handsomest duel
ing pistols in Washington. But he is
the last man to brag of his strength or
skill. When he was down at the Hot
Springs of Arkansas last year, trying to
throw off peculiarly severe attack of
rheumatism, he astonished the pistol
experts of that pistoling country. A
dozen young men were practicing from
the piazza of the Senator's hotel one
afternoon, at bottle laid in the broad
crotch of distant tree. The bottle
was round. Unless it was hit plumply
IN the middle, it spun round and round
like top. The young men were good
shots, but every now and then they
would miss the somewhat difficult
mark Then the invalid Senator would
chaff them. Presently this irritated
them to challenge to Logan Logan
didn't seem anxious; but, after some
good natured chatting on the part of
the young men, he finally said .'Well.
I'll tell you fellows what I'll do. There
are twelve of you, and only one OF me;
but I'll promise each of you box of
cigars every time yoa hit that bottle, if
you'll promise me box every time |
hit it Gan right" they said, chuck
ling at what they termed "a soft snap"
iii shoot first,n said Logan, land if |
hit. I'm to shoot again and again. until
MISS They had no objections, SO
the Senator fired twelve consecutive
shots, each time breaking the bottle on
the tree, while the young mems eyes
opened wider and wider. "Want any
morepp asked Logan, after the twelfth
shot. ssNo," said one of the young
men, hesitatingly; Il guess not" "You
can send those twelve boxes of cigars
TO my room whenever you're ready,
gentlemen remarked the Senator,
limping into the hotel. There's a
knack about these things" said Logan
to friend, as he went in, ''and I've
shot at round glass bottles before. -
Washington Cor. Phetodetphia Record.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26
Forgot Something.

A plain, neatly dressed young woman,
rather pretty, rushed into the drug store
at Eighth and Wharton streets the other
afternoon and inquired hurriedly for
the proprietor. The woman was con-
Quoted into a rear room and in less
than five minutes a bright, bouncing.
chubDy-faced, blue-eyed baby was airily
kicking his little legs around and smil-
ing a mutual smile of contentment.
The doctor was profuse in his congratu-
lations, and the woman rose to go. She
got as far as the door, and was about to
step outside when the doctor, who no
ticed that she had left the baby on the
sofa, said, ''Stop moment, madam
Have you not forgot something's
..Ah, my pocket book. thank your
replied the woman, feeling in her pocket
for that useful article of apparel. Find
ing it safe, she bent wondering look
upon the physician, who said nothing
but pointed at the baby. A new light
heamed in her eyes. Jumping forward
she seized the youngster in her arms,
her face covered with bewildered bushes
and fastened away, covering it with
kisses. The doctor says he knows she
forgot the baby. philadelphia Times
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26
First Glimpse of Holland.

A very large opal or the inside of
mother-of-pearl shell would make a
good background for this thin strip of
distant Holland that lies blinking away
in the early morning light. A long, mar
row ribbon of q picture it makes, with
its little spots and dots and splashes of
color here and there, accidental here
and methodical there, as if part of a
pattern. BY carefully looking through
q glass these dots of various shapes and
sizes soon resolve themselves into wind
mills. cows, sheep, Dutchmen, churches
and steeples. and little red-tiled houses
with green or blue shutters. | do not
pretend that this is peculiar or strik-
ing instance of the first glimpse of q
foreign strand consisting of cows, wind
mills, and steeples-I know of other
such places-but | contend that the
Dutch sand slip is cleaner. the cows are
sleeker and fatter, the windmills more
iaunty and active, the cottages more
spick and span and more recently out
of toy box, the specks of humanity
more rotund and weIl-to. do. Never, ex-
cept on some other strip of Dutch
strand, viii you see Just such specks as
these. And as We draw nearer the
shore, and the bits of color take more
definite form. there is no mistake-this
is Holland. and no other land at ALL
George FL Broughton. in HaTper'S
Magazine.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26
Remembered His Training.

Not long ago, in front of one of the
theaters Of St. Petersburg, two ladies,
having hired sledge, got in, and told
the coachman where to drive.
The throng of carriages and people
was very great, and the noise was con-
siderable, and the ivoshtchik's horse,
which was apparently rather an excita-
bic animal, reared and backed and
jumped about, but would not start
One of the policemen standing near, ex-
asperated at last by the obstinacy of a
creature which was keeping other vehi-
cles from driving up, struck the horse
on the side with the flat of his sword to
make it move on.
But judge of his surprise when the an
imal only responded by falling down on
the snow, and lying there apparently
dead Some of the bystanders came
forward, and with the driver attempted
to get the horse on its legs again, but it
about to leave the sledge to take
another, when they noticed two Cos
sack officers standing near laughing
immoderately. At that moment one
of them, nudging his companion with
his elbow, put his finger to his lips and
gave low, peculiar whistle The eff
feet was magical. The horse started to
its feet, it's head up, its ears forward,
its whole attitude one of dllgent atten-
ton.
Then the officers came forward, apol-
ogized for their seeming rudeness, ac-
companied the sledge few PAGES out
of the crowd, and explained the mys-
terry.
The horse was a Cossack, and probably
had served in the late war. Now, Cossack
horses are trained by their masters to
obey certain signals. For instance, a
stroke of the fiat of a sword is the sign
that they are to lie down that the enemy
may fire over their heads The peculiar
whistle is again the order to rise.
The officers had seen in what school
the animal had been taught, and, being
gave the signal, which caused
the intelligent creature to rise of its
own accord. Another peculiar sound
started the horse in a rapid trot, which
the light sledge swiftly over the
snow, while the officers remained be-
hind, doubtless not little entertained
with the comical adventure - S. S. Us
iIO1
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26

very fond of buckwheat cakes Mrs.
Sickles called on him TO tell him that
she had received some very nice, buck
wheat flour from Pennsylvania, and
that she was going to have some hot
cakes fortheir Sunday breakfast at the
Sickles residence She invited the presi-
dent to come over to breakfast. He,
beguiled by his love for the heated slap
jack, rapturously consented. Harriet
Lane was then mistress of the white
house. When she heard of the invita-
ton she advised the president not to go.
At that time Washington society under
stood fully the nature of the intrigue
being carried on between Key and Mrs.
Sickles Gen. Sickles and Buchanan
were the two last men to learn of the
scandal. Miss Lane was asked by the
president to give reason for declining
to 60 to breakfast. Said she: II do
not care to give my reason. Act upon
my judgment and you viii decline. "
Buchanan was more impressed by her
manner than words. When the tragedy
took place Buchanan fairly shuddered
at his escape. If he had been at the
breakfast he would have been with Mrs.
Sickles at the time Of the shooting of
Key. The world would have believed
him one of Mrs. Sickles' lovers, and he
would have been dragged into the scan
dial beyond all hope of escape. Pits
6Urgb Commercial Gazette.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1883-04-26
Glass Making.

That "there is nothing new under
the sun" is an often-quoted aphorism,
so from that we may infer that inven-
tons of the nineteenth century are but
perfected discoveries of ages past. The
art of glass blowing, which has been
carried to such high state of perfec-
ton by the moderns, existed in a crude
state as far back as the days of Tubal
Cain.
History affords but little information
of the origin of the art, but gives a
number of facts concerning its exist
ence. Pliny states that party of
Ph9nicians landed on the coast of Pal
estine near the mouth of the Belus
river, and began preparing a repast.
Being at loss for something on which
to place their cooking utensils, they
took from their cargo some cakes of
inter. They placed the cakes in such a
position as would give support to the
pots and built fire. The inter, being
submitted to the action of fire, melted
and mixed with the sand on the shore,
producing transparent stream of
fluid to which the name of glass was
given. Tacitus gives a similar account
of its origin. Josephus states that the
children of Israel, having set fire to
some woods, the fire was so fierce that
it heated the inter with the sand and
ran down the hills in transparent
streams.
These stories, however, are not cred
tied, as in modern art the materials of
which glass is composed fuse at con-
centrated heat OF about 1880 degrees
Fahrenheit, which would destroy the
best-made furnace in about two years.
In the village of Benz Hassam, Egypt,
there are number of tombs, said to
have been built about $500 b. G., on
which the art is depicted in its various
phases. On one the workmen are
crouching at the foot of the furnace,
drawing from it the molten glass, while
two others seated near have their blow
pipes, molding the glass in exactly the
same manner as it is now done. Others
are engaged in constructing vases, urns
and various other articles.
Glass windows were rare as late as
the fifteenth century; few were used
during the twelfth. In 1867, in docu-
ment drawn up by the Duke of North
cumberland, it is stated because during
high winds the glass in this and the
other castles of his Lordship are
destroyed, it would be well for the glass
in every window to be taken out and
put in safety when his Grace leaves.
And if at any time they are needed by
his Grace or others they can be put in
again, with but little expense, whilst at
present the cost OF repairs would be
very great
The Rouaas are said to be the first
who emplol glass for this purpose.
Many wind0a frames containing pieces
of glass are found in buried houses of
Herculaneum and Pompeii. They also
substituted glass bottles for those of
leather.
The only inventions of glass which
moderns can claim exclusively as their
own are optical instruments.