Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-06-09
-ruu n.onr mn CATHEDRAL.

The DOME OiS
One of the largest churches in the world.
1t was commenced nearly five centuries
ago and lie not quite finished yet. It's nave
is about FIVE hundred feet long. The inte-
rior offers grand and magnificent spectacle
of architecture and sculpture it is further
more adorned with many paintings and
statues. The aisles of themselves have
SPACE enough to form each s. good sized
church. AT the termination OF It's two
towers a great and imposing ceremony took
place not long ago, in which the Emperor
and many Princes participated. Cologne
is a CITY of commerce aud industry the
latter embraces the celebrated eau-de-co-
logne, known all over the world. There
are over a hundred manufacturers of this
perfume, and each claims TO be the gent
Inc firm of "Jean Marie Fariua. All
have documentary evidence to show that
it ia SO. Jean Marie Farina, the first COM
FOUNDER of this perfume, was an Italian,
who started this business some centuries
ago and was established on the "Juliehs-
platz" Hence his successers-for II seems
he sold his secret 10 number OF people
claim to be the original firm. and reside on
or near the Julichsplstz. The next CITY
we visit is Bonn. This is the starting point
of the famous and rich. landed banks OF the
Rhine. Before treading on this classical
ground we shall say few words ABOUT
Bonn and also about the inhabitants OF the
Rnenish province.
BONN Is a PRETTY TOWN
On the left bank of the river, and is mainly
known for its celebrated university with
its five or six hundred students. It's libra
nv contains ninety thousand volumes. The
place bears the stamp OF German univer-
sitycity, which requires some explanation.
In other countries the seat Of a university
does not offer the same interest as In Ger
many, and that for several reasons. With
out wishing to laud extraordinarily German
educational institutions, the fact cannot be
disputed that German universities stand at
the head Of such institutions among the
nations of the world But the principal
reason why they are regarded with partic-
ular interest in that country is their politi-
cal as well as civil significance. La coun-
try where individual freedom has been re-
strained by a strict military rule-we are
almost tempted to say despotispl-it was
from the universities that the sparks of the
spirit of liberty and progress started, until
they became bright fame which no arbl-
trary power could subdue. And to-day
the Governments of Germany have to court
and compromise with these hearths Of en-
| lightment and learning Therefore great
er importance is attached to them than In
most countries. University life in Ger
many forms an interesting cnapter in itself,
which shall not attempt to describe. Be
it said only. that the students form regular
| clans with distinctive signs and dresses !;
that they lead rather free life. and that
upon the least proVocation they fight duels.
These duels, however, are not very serl-
Gus; sabers are used, and
A SCAR OR TWO SATISFIES
The injured point of honor. They seem
to glory in these encounters. Bonn de-
rives it's main income from the students, as
they are mostly sons of wealthy families,
and spend great deal of money. The
general characteristics of the people on the
Rhine are good humor and jovialty. They
are kind and polite towards strangers, hon.
est and generous in disposition. Their fire.
quent contact with people from other ma
tons has made them liberal-minded and
morally superior to the inhabitants OF some
less-favorsd parts of the Fatherland. This
refers to the people living in the vicinity
of the Rhine, where nature has favored
them but we must also speak of wide
tract of country extending south and west
as far as Luxembourg and France, which is
ill.favored by nature, and where the lnhab-
itants, although good natured, are ignorant
and rude. One portion called "Efel, is
a rough, timbered country, where the pso-
pie are mostly poor and know little OF the
outside world. Another called I" Hunder'
uck," is of a similar kind. In some dig
tricts the consumption of coffee and tea is
considered an expensive luxury by the
poorer peasants, who take oatmeal soup or
cruel instead, and meat is seldom seen on
their table. Some Of
THE HOUSES ARE BUILT OF LOAN
With matched roofs, and they hold, be-
sides the family, also the stock and barn,
all in one. Going through a yard, sur
rounded by stone,wall, large dung-hil
greets your eye; fowls are strutting about
and the filled pig pens, adjoining the house,
make their presence felt. A side-door,
leading from the kitchen, communicates
with the COW. stable, so that fresh milk Is
close at hand. The particular advantages
of this arrangement, in an odorlferou'
sense, we shall not discuss, however. Be.
tween the constable and the horse-stab Die
ia a place reserved for thrashiDg grain in
winter. Fails are still in use. as thrashing
is done by hand. On a floor above both
stables the hay and grain is stored. The
reader must not forget that these places
are under one and the same roof, SO that
the peasants can milk their cows, thrash
their grain and attend to their stock with.
out leaving the house, as interior doors
lead from one place to another. In bad
weather these arrangements may be con.
sidered advantageous but, for reasons
easily understood, l doubt whether Ameri.
can farmers would like the plan. It i;
the animals. They are attended to regu
larly, and suffer neither from cold, MOI
from hunger or thirst. Cows are tied ul
the same as horses, Uttered and cleaned.
SAVING FERTILIZERS.
We made use OF the word "dung hill
above. This requires some explanation,
In many rural districts of Europe, espe'
cially i'll the poorer ones in Germany and
France, manure is an article Of great i'm
portance and value, inasmuch as poor oil
exhausted soil needs constant fertilizing
1t is therefore carefully saved for spring
time. 1t is worked over number of time:
by the peasants to insure good result.
--un-<u-z.--~-----1@
Bent BE Too Critical.
Whsteyer you do never set up Iar critic