Sacramento daily record-union., 1883-09-14
TIE PAVILION.

ZEE RhN1LkON.
Yeste rdsy the attendance at the Pavilion
wss much larger than any previous day, and
in the evening the Pavilion was completely
packed with su'girg MACS Of humanity.
AIS NJ the annual address was deliv.
cred from a platform at the north end of
the main hall, by Hon. Irving NJ. Scott, Of
San Francisco. The crowd was compare
lively quiet during its delivery, the address
being one well worth listening to. Below it
is given in full. Governor Ssoneman, ex-
Governor Irwin and General Bi1well, and
the Directors of the society, occupied the
stand during It's delivery.
ANNUAL ADDRESS BY HON. IRVING NJ SCOTT
Mr. President and Trustees-Ladies and Gentle
The world has had its golden and silver, its
brssen and iron ages 1t has also bad its fictitious
metaphysical and positive ages. 1t is our fortune
TO live in the positive or scientific, the spirit Of
which isprogI ess, progress progress. Progress Is
stamped the urow OF every trade, profession and
industry. Il is sen in the manifold m lnufactories
Of the world, on the broad fields Of agriculture in
the rich merchantmen, steam aud sail, which nfesU
every sea- We it in public schools, the
nurseries of cvi iEhtiln and the bulwarks of civil
Liberty, the adornmeut Of cur times and the meal
cuable blessing to our race. We see it in the
naDpy nefneS as numerous as the bLdT5 EIDlle
above them-at homs, abroad, wherever we 60 1t
is in the age; it is in US and Of us-impelling
Agriculture, manufactures commerce, the trades
and the arts and sciences are so intimately blended
that the discussion Of any one Of them includes in
degree the discussion u ALL Ny purpose is To
discuss agriculture WITH respect to the stus it has
beld in the liars OF the world and with aspect to
the requirements OF the ago in which we live. The
origin OF agricu ture preoedes all historic record,
and its locally is not known. 1t is quite certain
that It did not preoeds the dawn OF civilization
for Elling the soil presuppises security OF rights
beyond the restraints imposed by absolute savage
Eis. II iha Of pring of necessity; for man IN
savage life is not gwen to labor nor to store up
wealth 10 excess of mis- immediate wants He turns
not 10 cultivlting the field to toll, so long as
bouniful nature gives him fruit seed, nut', roots,
game and fish upon which TO subsist These fail
ing. ne was cotnpe led to supplement the gifts Of
nature, and 70 TINS eni his attention was first di-
rected 10 dJmesciting the horse, COW, -eep, hog,
ETC., 30 when necessity should require them, and
thus he became shepherd.
Ths next supplet ry act was to plant seed by
causing his cattle IN tread il into soft ground
When the demand upon his energies became too
great, or the soil too ob5Jinats tl admit Of this
primitive n.ethoi genius came to his aid ard in
vented the pl0w, al indlspsns1b Q implement Of
noble industry glorious einsltm OF peace aud
ulenty-an instrument mi hitter in its eiects upon
the destinies OF the world than the sword or scep
ter Egyptian hieroglyphcs record the use OF the
NOV In the valley Of the Nile 1000 years ago.
forked stick prong OF which, SIX feet long, was
the beam the other, two feet eng, shRrpened, was
the eolteE and share This most antique implement
ol husbandry has been adopted by all the civilized
and semi-ciyilizsd nations OF the earth, and s still
in use in parts u Po tugN, Spain, Mexico and other
countries, and for more than fifty centuries has
time dragged this crooked stick down the ages 1t
was improved bv being shod with iron when man
kind became sufficiently advanced in mechanics TO
work metals. The Bible speaks OF plows being
''s shod with socks Of iron and brass" and Of the
good days when Z" swords SHOULD be beaten into
plowshares" The Greeks u ed two kinds :;
aone the primitive, and wheels.
The Romans added colt r and mold-board and ia
the decline ana isn OF he Roman Empire the pillow
shared the faJa OF all that went u make up the
giories of that once great and proud naticn. Only
two centuries have elapsed since improvements
were made on its original form aud structure.
These improvements from time TO time have kept
paca with the progr OF general Industry. One Of
the trunphs - mechanic arts is the successful In
PRODUCTION Of blowing. This, with the rotary
pioR seems destined IN reyOlutionzs the system OF
agriculture The successful working u these mod.
ern appli Jpces mJ OF which are capable OF thor
oughly preparing hfty acres day % depth unAt-
taiuibe with anIHsl power is earnest of what is
70 come. Who hall doubt that the day is not dis
tSnt when the team pillow, on praries and valleys
snd slopes, will till the soil Bow the thrash the
er0ps clean and sack the grain Truth ID str niger
thAu 6stion" IL any doIbt tbs probabilities,
none can question demonstration. The lahors Of
Hercules As the ohDr OF Puny child impaired
to those OF the steam engine. Laden with hun
dFeds Of tons of commerce, and conveying palaces
filed 20 repletinn with passenger, Vt leaves behind
Ia this race the sVftest ateed il it we're motion
less; nor are its tfinmphs less marked on the sea
Agrculturs long plo ding, is 10 bs congratulated
that the st aam engine, the mightiest Of friends,
most tractabl5 and useful OF servants ever Fouch-
sated TO human genus Is now enlisted IN her cause
sad obedent t. her vii.
The ordiua hand-plOv seems to be very
simple machine, but 1t involves principles so ao-
struse ss to require = high order OF intellect and
profound learhins IN mechanics to understand and
apply them that il shall do the moet work with
ha 4 r frttft md .
skill aud ingeuu tY has been expended on he plow
in binn it its present state Of perfection, and
the field is open tor yet grestr improvements
Let schools aud colleges thoroughly tesch theii
classes the principles nvo we'd in the pillow in ALI Its
forms-hRhc, gang, rotary Rnd steam. What hes
been said OF the plov. from It's inc pteucy to its
most approved ttern. can IN general be piled to
all the various mnlemsnts VI hu.baniry ~ first 80
rude and wsstefll Of labor. It is surprising how
tenRcious asricnlturs was In holding on to it:
clumsy and ineiiic cut machinery Until the last
half century the chiei implements q harvesting were
the reHDing hOik or sickle, the scYthe. orAdeur na
Notwithstanding, Piny described resping machine
in A. d g. and PAlladius Ia A. D. Soi both driven
by oxen. From that time down. 400 years-his-
tory Is silent patent for a reaping machine wa;
taken out ia England in 1873. which produced nc
practical results. The fist successful resping OF
moving machine was Invented snd patented BY
Obed Hussey In 1898. the chief novel device o.
which consists In q tlIoped knie cutting between
two hugers From 1874 TO 1874 500 patents haC
been ohUNined for improvements in reaping anS
moving devices. In the meantime the NUMBER o.
patents for cutivAtors, harroUs etc, were legion
Nov the mechanics Of agriculture Is in high stat'
Of perfection. while invention aud experience arr
rapidly producing more useful implements 10 Ia
pro I'd boast but nevertheless true, that more ha,
been accomplished in the last fly years IN perfect
ing agricultural machinery than done in all pre-
cedtng time And In no time since the history o
recorded events hiss progress been Of IL
foothoid, 80 hrm in step and rapid in stride
With this view Of the mechanics Of agricultur
from the earliest period TO the present. let iRves
Hgate the social, commercial Rad political aspect o
the subject
blaEoned IL bold relief on the page OF histor.
gone by.
The ruling classes IN all nations ranked the prizes
above the soldier and the soldier above the tiller o
the soil a greater fallaey, greater wrong eout
not be perpet Etei upon any age, people or govern
nenr For, as Biebig justly remarks: "Perfes
agriculture s the true feun stiou Of all trade an
indu.try-is the foundation of the riches Of states.
Greece rose to tbs highest emtnence in the eX C
sceness in fine arts, ia classic literature, in the art
n war and in architecture; her temples aud publ
& true % nature were her works Of art, that unde
the touch Ct ihs scuptpr's chise the marble wa
said 10 - war;, into ife" sor these we honor her
But alas the iillers OF her soil were mostly slsves
The apcie,st Creek delighted IA the glOries of Wal
ske Abatement 0f pollsical preieruent, the charm
OF music but coas.dzTed sgrleu.tore rs serVhe an
degrIdGg.
K5me IN the DAYS Of her republican vigor sets
brighter eylni1'e- To every citizen was sliotte
rst ebou, Two acres subsequently, SIX acres OF land