The south Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1879-1883, 1883-09-25
ADVERTISING RATE.
From New Mexico.


ilSt SedSou uJ lllc SOutHcIll DOTucr VI
Colorado, after having pretty thor
oughly canvassed the + sonrces,
characteristics, and prospects Of that
State. Agreeable to promise, have
returned TO the field, and taking p
the field where left it, have start d
Ola tour of investigation throu. h
the adjoining territory of New Mexi-
c.. The last point of importance in
pissing out of Colorado into New
Mexico, on the Atchison Topeka and
santa Fe Railroad, is Trin,dld,
which, though in Colorado, is essen
daily a New Mexican town and sup
, irted by Mexican trade. 1t lies just
It the foot Of the mountains, and the
amous Spanish peaks are in full
lew. The first settlement here was
ii 1851, but the town got no start un-
til 1855. There are now between
three and four thousand inhabitants,
a large percentage of whom are Mex
leans though the leading business
men are from the States. The trade
done here is largely with sheep grow
ers, whose occupation is the chief in
lustry of this region. Leaving Trim
dad the train enters the mountains,
soing up the Ration Pass to the tun-
mel, which is sixteen miles distant.
This tunnel is 1000 feet long and is
the gateway to New Mexico, travel
ng by rail. You are in Colorado
when you enter it and in New Mexi-
co when you come out. On both
sides of the road here coal mines ia
abundance are seen, from which
medium quality of bituminous coal
s delivered at eighty cents per ton on
the cars. The scenery along here is
very grand, rivaling in some places
The canon of the Arkansas and the
Uaruen OF the OOus. u...f.. Du. %
The eastern boundary line of the
Territory of New Mexico is 345 miles
ong and the western 800 miles. The
lverage breadth of the Territory is
I3j miles and its area III, POI square
miles. 1868, $40 acres. Its surface is
composed of valleys, plains and lofty
mountains. Entering from Colorado,
The Rocky mountains are found in
two distinct ranges: tie caste n
range, highest and most rugged of
the two, entends only to the vicinity
o. Santa Fe; while the Western
ange, known as the Sie.ra Madre,
'xtends to the southern limit, FORM
my connection with the Sierra
Madre of old Mexico. Many Of the
,eaks of the eastern range are ab,ve
1000 feet high and crowned with
perpetual snow. The great inter-
mountain plateaus have an elevation
If from 5000 to 5000 feet, and the
valleys Of which the Rio Grandeis the
most important, are from 3,O0O t.
1000 feet above the sea. Nejrly two
thirds of the territory lies east o. the
Sierra Madre Range, and the south
astern portion, or 'staked plains" is
Ugh, level and comparatively unpro-
luctive. South of the eastern range,
,ctwcen the Pecos and Rio Grande
,ivers, is a series of valleys, COM
4 ,rising the most valuable portion OF
he territory from on agricultural
standpoint. The most Important
river in New Mexico is the Rio,
irande del Norte, which rises in
, Colorado aid flows. south between
, thc two ranges of mountains;and the
second river il, size is the Pecos'
which rises in the eastern range,
; within the Territory, and, flowing
south, j,iins the Rio Graude in Texas.
, 50 much for the geography and to-
. pography of the Territory | have
gathered at the outset largely from
:, Mr.. Chas S. Glced's little worS on the
q subject. rl
s. In 1880 the Territory of New Mexi-
/. 70 contained about 100000 Mexicans,
T.. l5,0OO Indians, and 25,000 Americans.
a. Since the Atchison, Topeka u Santa
k. &c road completed its connection
. With the Southern Pacific the Ameri-
] ;an population has increased rapidly
". md very likely it now comprises
IN .ully one-third of the total. One OF
/, he chief drawbacks to emigration is
III ,hc uncertainty concerning private
S, land grants. The Spanish Kings and
Ir he governors OF New Mexico used to
ny cede to their favorites, for purpose:
w IF colonization and for gain, large
tracts of land now known as private
ed land grants. When the United ST t
ie took New Mexico by conquest ii wa'
eli greed by the treaty signed in lSiS t
en- sustain all these property rights
OF rhe law of Congress of August A. 10
ID. extended the terrific l ! and Vi jur
IN. | diction ever the additional teriitor
'ck acquired by the treaty Of 1858, where
OF by the treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalg
ent became operative, though the Gads
Ter den purchase. Before Il perfect It'll
vas can be secured the grant must be con
,cd iirmed by Congress. Up to the pres
of ent time forty-six grants in New Mex
led leo have been confirmed. How man
grants there are that have not bee
confirmed and not presented is nc