The Labor enquirer., 1883-03-31
,ntcal Sketch OF Karl Marx.

.,..isnr1dence at the university of Bonn,
yy.ncirding with a course of philosophy
ND history in the city of Berlin, In
TQu he turned his attention to Journal
;sm entering upon the editorial staff of
tho "Rbeinisehe Zeitung," published in
Cologne, the first newspaper in Germany
tbot had ever represented social-demo-
cratic IDEAS In 1912 he became the chief
EDITOR of that paper, which, since Marx
had given it the radical tendency, had
become thorn in the side of the Prus-
sian government, and was; 50 severely
handled by the censOrs that. the publ
cation of the paper was suspended. The
government announced officially that it
had been suppressed, and Marx was
obliged to leave Germany. He took up
his residence in Paris, where he applied
himself industriously to the study Of in
dustrial and social questions. In l844
he published the first of his famous ar
tcles entitled: "a Critical Revision Of
Hegels Philosophy of Rights"
This was followed by a satire entitled
The Holy Family" directed against
German idealism, as represented by
Bruno Bauer and others, and in which
he gave notice of his intention to replace
the silly German idealism with the his
torical realism. His pamphlets and cor
respondence, which was secretly SNUG
gled in large quantities into Germany,
greatly frightened the Prussian authOrj-
ties and the conservatives, whom be
handled without gloves and covered with
ridicule. These could not rest until they
had prevailed upon the French govern
ment to eXpel Marx from France. He
then went to Brussels and as the Prus-
slams would allow him no rest in Bel
GUM, he was compelled to again pack up
and move out, and he finally settled in
London.
In 1916 he published the "Discours sur
Ia Iibre-echange' and the world-famous
4Misere de la PhiIosophie," a crushing
answer to Proudhon's "PhiIosophie de Ia
Misere.'
While in London he became intimate
" connected with Frederick EngelS, S,who,
Ike himself, was a: political refugee,
whom he had known in the Rhine pro-
ylDces
EugeIS indorsed in every particular
Marks idea as to the necessity Of a gen
eral reconstruction of society.
Together they drew up in the year
1913 the "Communistic Manifesto" in be-
half of the Communal Alliance, which
manifesto was the basis upon which So
calistic platforms have since been formu-
lated. The truly classical pamphlet, un-
euualed in political literature for preg-
nancy of style and clearnes8 Of logic, has
since been published in numerous edl-
tons and translated into every modern
language. When the February reVoIu-
ton of l848 broke out, Marx abandoned
his place of refuge and hastened to Paris,
where he remained, however, but short
time. as he believed that Germany where
the people had also revolted, was the
rroper field for his labOrs.
He located in Cologne and there COM
menced the publication of the "Aeue
Rheinisehe Heitung' in which he de-
manded the dissolution of the chamber
and revision of the constitution, and
summoned the people to organized re-
sistance against the tax collectors, meet
ng force with force. Again the paper
was suppressed by the government. Dur
ing his stay in Cologne in 1913 Ferdinand
Lasalle made his acquaintance and be-
anne converted to socialism, as he after
ward acknowledged himself a pupil Of
Mars.
Although strong reaction set in,
Marx did not relax in the slightest de-
gree his agitation. Many press prosecu-
lions followed, but as under the "Code
Napoleon" the cases had all to be tried
o4fore juries, Marx was invariably &C
Quilted. After the overthrow of the
revolution in Baden the Prussian police
authorities managed to manufacture "ev--
,dence" to show that Marx had been in
.eague with the insurgents, and they
again caused his. expulsion from the
country. Returning to Paris, he re-
NAMED there until the end of June, 1919,
when he was obliged to flee to London,
wing to the threat of the monarchsts