davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

Of habeas corpus. This would make the
issue concerning the CONSTITUTIONAL y and
validity Of the Act Of Congress prohibiting
the immigration Of Chinese laborers. As to
fact, however, he insisted that q staman,
such as Fook il, Is not q laborer within the
meaning of the statute, and is therefore
entitled TO admission to the United States.
Lyddy, Richards counsel, replied that the
Chinese, who are not laborers, are not TO
be admitted here unless they are able 70
present certificates Is TO their stations IN
life from the Chinese Govern ment. Towns
end agreed that the Act OF Congress was
invalid and unconstitutional, because IL
was in violation of an obligation OF tine
United States toward China. Lyddy
argued that the State Court bad no Juris-
| diction Of the case involving the construc-
| tion of the United States statute and treaty
and that IL Fook should be allowed by
| Capt. Richard to land in accordance with
| the order of the Supreme Court, he might
yet he indicted. fined and imprisoned by
the United States Court. Judge Porter's
questions raised we're Of great Importance,
and should not be passed upon without
long consideration. The papers were then
submitted to the Court. Later in the day
Judge Porter informed the counsel hat az
the case was Of such great importance to
the whole country he thought they would
do better to have it passed on by the United
States Court than by a State Court. ana
that II they begin proceedings in q United
States Court he would consider it a. super
seding the one before him. Otherwise he
would give it full and careful consideration
4 Cock and Bail story.
New York. Aug. 25.-The Herald to-day
publishes a dispatch, received from a cor
respondent in San Francisco, announcing
the issuing of . revolutionary manifesto In
San Francisco. Commenting o it tn.
Herald says: 1--WE print the announce
ment entire, but regret our inability Il
reproduce the CORY tint Of the papers OF
which it is issued"
Parliament PrOrOgued.
New YORK, Aug. 25.-A special to tn
Herald says Parliament wal prorogued a
Q O'Clock this afternoon. The Queen
speech closing the session was read by tn
Royal Committee.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26
NURSING.

THE UNDERSIGNED. WHO HAS FOL.
lowed the business Of nursing for . mum.
ber OF years. IL DESTROYS Of getting employ.
ment. Persons needing her services oan iA.ye
word ct the Once Of Bishop 4 Baesr. or ss she
residence OF Mrs. J. atrsus. on Mob Hill No
to going into the country.
decSu X N. HOwAkr
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

Coy. Foster told . Washington inter
We've that Judge Hoadly had acknowl-
edged that his nomination cos him
$50, 900. Judge Hoadly thereupon wrote
70 Foster denying that he had ever made
such acknowledgment, or that there was
any truth in the story. Gov. Foster re-
piled that information to that effect had
been given him in confidence by another
person. Judge Hoadly demanded the
;nformer's name, and branded the in
formation as false ''in whole and in
part" Gov. Foster then furnishes a
letter from "Jayhawker," in which the
latter asserts, not that Hoadly told him
his nomination cost $50, 900; but that he
g~ayhawker) told Hoadly so, and Hoadly,
instead of confirming it, said that that
would be too much money for any
nomination or any Office. This is abso-
lutely all the proof there is against
Judge Hoadly in regard to the matter;
and yet on this foundation we have 80
respectable a paper as the Ohio State
Journal, asserting one day that Hoadly
has never denied the story. and calling
upon him the next day to disprove it !
The truth is that the silly Islander has no
backing whatever. It does not even
have that Of "Jayhawker," insufficient
as that would a~ssuredly be. In the
shape in which it came from Gov.
Foster, Judge Hoadly did deny it. and
in the most emphatic manner. When
Foster fell back on "Jayhawker." and
the latter failed to confirm the story,
there was nothing whatever left for
Hoadly to deny.
What. then. do certain men who call
themselves Republicans mean by per-
severing in this puerile and baseless
falsehood! Do they not know that Re-
publicans generally are men who love
truth and fair dealing in politicsf Do
they suppose Republicans are so ignorant
that they know not how to tell fact from
fiction? Do they think that men have
become so lost to decency and honor that
they prefer a falsehood to the truth If
they think thus, we tell them they are
mistaken. Already we believe this
wretched piece Of business has done mis-
chief to our cause, says a prominent and
respectable journal; and if ~persevered
in, in the face of fact, of d~ecency and Of
common sense, it will do still more.
That .Hoadly's nomination cost him
something is probable. If it did not, 4
would be different in this respect from
any gubernatorial nomination recently
obtained, Democratic or Republican.
That either Hoadly or Foraker or Foster
or Bookwalter expended money for the
direct purchase of delegates. there is nc
reason to believe; while for this $4,000
story there is not the slightest founda'
ton whatever. 1t is entitled to a prize
as one of the most senseless falsehoods o.
this or any previous campaign; and how
any sensible man can imagine that the
Republican cause will be benefited by
its circulation and repetition is q myster,
past finding out.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26
AMERICAN ~CRICK

This years international cricket match
between the United States and Canada
resulted, like its predecessors for 80
many years, in an overwhelming victory
for the Americans. The latter, too,
were not only native born amateurs but
all ave one were from Philadelphia.
The match was therefore practically that
of q single American against all Canada;
for the one player taken from Boston, to
break the Quaker City sameness, al
though . good cricketer had no luck in
this match, and added nothing to the
score. As the present team was selected
with great care, and was pronounced to
be the best aver got together in the Do
minion, the ease with which it was de.
feated attests once more the vast superi.
ority of Philadelphia. the cricketine
center of the New World.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

TOB PRINTING OF EVERY DESCRIPTION
q done Ut this once, At prices 81 ghtiy spove
nan Francisco rates. PstroDtze Your local
paper, and don't send way your printing.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

An amusing incident occurred at . lead.
ing drugstore recently in San Francisco.
A young lady and gentleman. fashionably
sttired and evidently residents Of the city,
entered the store in question and strolled
along to the counter. The young lady had
. cold and at intervals coughed . little.
Business was brisk and several moments
passed away before one Of the clerks be-
came disengaged. Finally . clerk was at
leisure and smilingly asked the gentleman
what he desired. 'Some paregoric and
squills." was the reply. "How old is the
child"" Was the next question. The
gentleman hesitatsd. the young lady
smiled. the clerk blushed. and then every.
body roaEvd with Laughter.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

Japan has had q census, and the
statistics in our biographies must be re-
vised forthwith. The myth that Yeddo.
or TOXIC as it is now called, is q Of the
largest cities in the world is exploded.
Osaka heads the list with l.772. 1888;
then follows Hiogo with l,4lS,5 2l; Ma
gasaki, l,204. 500; Toxic. 987, 1897, and
Kioto, S35, 2l5. We doubt whether n
schoolboy in . thousand ever heard of
Hiogo. The others are pretty well
known by name.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

The opponents Of the importation Of
American cattle into England appear to
have been severely taken aback BY the
statement in the House Of Commons. by
Mr.. D~onson. that inquiries made On be-
half of the Government show not only
that very little foot and mouth disease
exists among cattle in the United States,
and that sanitary regulations sxv being
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

DsBBlT METAL-FRoM 100 TO ~
ID pounds of babbdt metal for SAFE o. sns
oSuyuUL CuJes, Euysks, NSvSds.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

properly enforced. but that by tar the
greater part Of the disease that does ex-
;st here il directly attributable to Amer.
lean importations of cattle from En-
gland. The be~ef-eaters Of old England
have evidently become altogether too
fond of American roast beef TO permit
ANYBODY to interrupt the supply Of it
for the sake of the British cattle raisers.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26
WATER NOTICE.

nNTIL FURTHER NOTICE THE WATER
l. will be turned on every evening through.
cut the town Ut 8 O'Clock and turned on sc In
ct 8 O'Clock In the morning.
GEORGE =. BLISS,
Superintendent Water Company.
EUREKA. June IS. 1883. je26ff
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26
WANTED

ErFTEEN GOOD TIMBRRMEN AND WOOL
II choppera - vanted BY the undersigned.
Apply to JOHN HENRY.
ap1itf Ward, Nevada.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

CHrco. CAL, Aug. 25.-The news has
been brought to town that 9 fire 10 raging
on the mountains from the west branch of
the Feather River to the Humboldt road.
II is estimated that over 80 miles of valus.
BILE timber has been destroyed. Fifty men
are at work trying to check the fire.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

Tucson. Aug. 25v-A Star special from
Duncan. A. T.. says yesterday at 8 A. M.
on the big hill six miles south cf Clifton
Pomeroy's luggage wagon, loaded with
Cinnamon. was attacked by three rustlers.
The Cinnamon returned the fire, wound
ing u rustler MORALLY. Four Cinnamon
were wounded; two fatally. The robbers
succeeded in getting $500 cash,
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1883-08-26

~ BIOLOGICAL AND MINERAL sPRoY.
~ mens. and cur1osittes bought and SOLD.
nATHAN JOSEPH. 81 ClsS stFsst. San iran,
Usoo' seelydAV
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01
AFamou. GALAXY.

People who delight In beautiful and
good books viii be astonIshed when
they see, II they have not not already
seen, the announcements Of the ''Cax-
ton illustrated" and other editions Of
standard authors, Issued this season
The typography. and all mechanical
qualities OfPrinting and binding are
simply superb, and the prices q verita-
bic marvel, 10 the Old-time book buyer.
The list includes the works, cOnplets,
OF Dickens, Is volumes, reduesd In
price from $3.50 10 o net; Thaek-
eray's, from 1880 % 1915; Geonrs
Eliot's from $40 70 1915; Washington
Irving's Works, from so 10 q; scott's
Waverly Novels. from go 10 $50:
HaWthorne's Works from 2Zl % $3.50;
J. Fenimore CoopsF'e from sac 10 1880
BulWer's frOm tsl.25 10 $50; WIN.
Blacks from el5 10 o. De oulneyis
from sls 70 ea5O. The Dublishsr sends
them 10 any one for examination BE-
fore requiring any payment, en- re-
DOnable evidence Of good faith, ana
ss1ll Sene q 10O-Pags catalogue ofthess
and other works free upon appIioa-
ton John B. Alden, PublllksF, IS
Vessey Sc. New York.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01
Nsv Cambria cunb.
TYRo

The sunshine has come after the
rain and we are being favored with
some OF the most delightful weather.
Henry Vanpel went down to Abb
llene Tuesday morning to attend the
Commercial school ct that place.
L. H. DOnmyer also went down 70
Abilene to make Arrangements 10 At
tend school there.
Mrs. II. Hammer and her two in
terestlng little daughters accompanied
by Mrs. HIS brother, Nanny Don
myeF, returned tO,their home In Lin
coin Centre Monday morning, after q
two weeks visit with friends.
John H. Miller will sell at auction
to-day all his personal property, and
will In q few days HE himself away 70
the east, where he will spend the win
ter hunting dear" in the mountains
Of Pennsylvania.
Dame rumor says there is a mar
riage on the tapls In this prOplnauity,
however, we'll wait and see.
w. H. Boyd returned Tuesday
morning, from his trip to Omaha. He
reports 9 snow storm IN North Mis-
souri, and Nebraska
A party Of hunters came out from
Salina Saturday night and visited the
famous duck ponds" carrying home
with them as q recOmpense, ducks,
squirrels, rabbits, etc.
The different candidates have been
here at work this week among their
friends. AS the election approaches
politics get warmer.
Miss Belle Woodruff. Of Roxbury.
was visiting here for the past week or
two with her mother.
II Cambria township vote would
elect him, G. S. Radcliff would now be
elected. BE is very popular here, and
we think the voters Of Saline county
could not cast their votes for q better
man for the O1iice Of Sheriff Charlie
ls good fellow, OF infinite capacity,
and why shouldn't he coil around an
the hOnOrs and emOluments he can
NJ. T. HEAD.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01
Notss frnm To.r-


A plenty OF raln'and mud. and sons
tOspare 70 the needy.
Wheat never looked better than n
does at the present
The political oauldron has com
menced TO boil. The Republicans who
deserted their party last year and ran
after strange gods, are returning to
their first love having become weary
and disgusted with the dirty eouHbanV
hey found themselves In, and In some
cases they are accompanied by stranR-
ers wearing clOake Of many eolors.
upon which Is inscribed the word
ID Z N RAT.
We predict good round majority
for the straight Republican ticket, and
We can safely say Il Is the best ticket
taking II all through THAT has been
put In the field since the county was
organized, and any one that has the
welfare Of the public In view cannot
fail to give the ticket their entire sup
port.
Pat BOhEn says that he cannot AZ
ford TO smoke cigars until AFTER cleo
ton, II he does not have to ride home
from town with Ben McCOuwn too
often.
Andrew Raymond has returned 10
Saline county, after sojourninR In
strange lands for over three years.
de says that Kansas - the best coun-
try be has found and be Is willing TO
stay here.
]. w. Amos IL engaged In the man
ufhcture Of sorghum and we can safely
say that he Is making q very superior
article, and wesWould advise all that
wish to purchase to give him q call.
The school in district No. IS Is pro-
crossing finely under the able man
agement Of Miss Cora Sherman.
Rev. Mcdowell Of the NJ. f. church |
Is holding protraeted meeting at the |
Summit school house. Success should |
surely crown his efforts for the har-
vest Is large and the labOrers few.
TYRo.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

A company has been formed for the
purpose Of starting 4 meat market en-
the cooperative plan. The Originators
Of the enterprise assume to say that
meat should be reteiled at s and 10
cents per pound. In opposition to
this Bartlett 4 jenkins, the we'll
known butchers, agree to furnish their
shop 10 the company six months free,
II the company will enter into bonds
that the above price will be kept up
during the time. $3.50 In stock have
been raised for the new market and
the following gentlemen have been
elected directors: T. F. Carver, Tsy.
Tor Miller, F. Kingmsn, E. w. ober,
q. A. w. Bone.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01


Furnished room for rent. Second
hO1ssnOrth from corner Of Eighth and
Ash streets. GEs. r. BANKS.
SS-st.
Have you tried Royal PAtent9
Have you seen those elegant library
table and hanging lamps at Seitz Drug
store. IfyOu have nOt, 90 at once and
view them. You viii find Just what
you have been looking for.
Royal Patent IL excellent.
Parties DESTROYS Of purchasing or
selling lands and city property are
invited 10 call at the once Of c. F..
Faulkner, over -hItehead & Seaman 3
Store. Real Estate business n specially
this season. lott.
Fine Vermont maple syrup-the
genuine article 1T the New York Store.
Top prices paid for good milling
wheat.
SAILNA MILL a ELEVATOR Co.
That hacking cough can be 80
quickly cured by ShIloh's Cure. We
guarantee 1t. For sale by Oscar Seltz.
Z. Lott is agent for Salina aud vi
cinity for the celebrated Rock Spring
and Carbon Wyoming Territory coal,
superior to any Colorado coal and
from S2.25 to 1926 less a ton. Cheapest
and best coal ever brought to this
market. Try II.
Have you seen those elegant library,
table and hanging lamps At Seitz's
Drug Store. IfyOu have not, go at |
once and view them. You will find |
just what you have been looking for.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

and Justice Norton for arbitrary and
Illegal sets as a judicial officer. This
case is Get for to-day. This matter, ne
doubt, win 90 to higher courts, where
II wiz be definitely settled just how
far q county attorney can 60 On insist
ing upon acting or refusing 70 act e
prosecuting ofleer; and upon this de-
eision may hinge future important
prosecutions.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

Plenty Of rain.
Jack Frost made his appearance
lately.
Farmers viii soon commence pick
Ing the new crop Of corn and L will
Be short picking 10.
Wheat Il upsnd looking beautifully.
Our school e progressing nicely IN
aef the present teacher, Mrs. Dean.
Our grain dealers are doing q ruah-
ing business. Bavaria IL the "boss'i
grain market yet
Bavaria sorghum mill has closed for
the season. They made but 3 short
run, owing 10 the poor crop Of cane.
Election close at hand. Consider
able burning already and It win be red
hot about election day But the Re
publican boys viii be there tai the
last vote is cast, and will make Il hot
for the renegade ticket-or swallo we'd
up ticket, a. some term Il. K.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01
No Medicine Stands HlaheF Than
Marsh's Golden Balssm,

"One year ago caught q severe
Cold, which settled ON my Lungs. I
tried many remedies without getting
relief, until used your Golden Bal
sam. am now well, having used
two bottles. ] considered Il Rift
from heaveu."-lMrs. James Lnce.
Omaha, Neb.
For Consumption Of the Lungs, /
know ONO medicine that stands high
or than harsh's Golden Ralsam. Il
will cure where cures are possible. -
HIDE Smith, Fort Scott, Kans.
Not one Ofthe thousands who have
used Marsh's Golden Balsan In thIs
city, has ever made q complaint that
Il did not do all claimed for It.n-
lkansasCity MO- Tines.
Marsh's Golden Balsam, the famous
Throat a7d Lung medicine, ana
Aarah's Golden Blood 4 LIverTonie
the great Alternative and cholagoEus,
are for sale by Aug. Engstrom, 4 Co,
druggists- Large bottles 50 cts and o.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

Mr.Ed.Wittmann desires Us to state
ahtsAll rumOrs that he has withdrawn
or is about to withdraw from the race
for Register Of Deeds are without
foundation. He designs being q can
didate until the close Of the polls on
election day, and desires that his
friends will be on their guard against
such rumOn and deny them prom pity.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

Good houris s.isntial o ne max
ing Of good bread. AIer sT6aI
mOnths spsnl u snlargIng and ias
proving Cur Enn. FsbslEvs E5hsSs
now gOt q nesEly psrl "a pro.
Queer Of ans aoul. WehAvs All -nhe
ansst and mnsi imr1sys unachinsiv
pertaining % ihs eEot sTutstnP
snd grlBa nolhins 81 d, bee
We vim onntlnus % napufsctufs
Goldsn Bslt I. x. = ~ Pssrisss.
whiea EIandl hays hen b dasssSsdlv
paplisE ID l.ts yaars. ga ns1iii1fris on
e1stomsrs that their al liflss ~
mnehimpFoped. IL e On 10 fhsls
w are making ne in1sl PBsng 2
which ssass proud 10 zsy haBns "a.
PsriOt - ins had and Wsask5 eur
cd Geldsn. Belt edslohisiI "a lvs it 4
trial. .irs ~ -s-s- = -
s1LuSA MIL : ELEvATOa Co.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

Owing TO the late wet weather, the
lateBess Of the season, the election and
other distraeting element, the Knights
TemPlar have very wisely proposed TO
postpone their eneampment until next
August, when Il is proposed to have
such a successful encampment as TO
result in giving Salina & State en-
campment at an early day.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

SAAANAf hAS.t NOV. 4, 1888.
A letter from Judge Hamilton under
date Of Oct. %, stated that he was on
his way 70 Lincoln, NebFAska, and
would be In Saline next week. he
urges us to do everything we possibly
can for the bonds, RRd says: "Ifs the
bonds are carried Sallna win be our
headquarters for all our operations and
the construction Of one division from
Salina north. The construction ofths
Salina, Lincoln 4 Fremont R. r.
means that which you least suspect or
realize-ths centre Of . railroad system
that will make you rank next to Kan-
sas City. Leave nothing nnd6ne 70
help us with the bondsn
We can conceive Of no railroad en-
terPFise Of - much imPOrtsncs to Sc
lima and Saline county e this one and
we ought to exercise our united sner-
giss to carry the bonds. We are get
ting favorable news from the T. 8. 4
W. R. p now, and II we get these two
reads and succeed In our efforts TO 10
cate the Normal School here, Salina
win double her population In one year
and commences q career Of prosperous
growth that viii last for two decades
At least. Nature has given u every
thing that e necessaFy to make Us
great, good and thriving city, bat, III
We, e. people, fail to take adVantnzs
Of the situation b. Working up and
developing smoag ~ . spirit Of snthu-
siasm, enterprises and enerEy, We can
expect nothing "a the fatars bat q
httieslOv-going, mossleoEersd country
town / think Ne have : eIsAf dsal on
ambition and eptsFpFiss n thIs ofSy-
to gel, IL wsSVsE amSsnt tesnything1
Nv. DAILY.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

c. r. Underwood & Co. will make
a warehouse Of their upper mill and
build an entirely new building at the
upper dam. The new building is 10
be Ssx64 feet and four stories high.
This firm also designs building in the
spring steam-miIl at the old location
Of the Chicago Lumber Yard. The
three mills will thus have a capacity
fully equal to the GOOdnoW mill, II
not more, and the wheat which will
then be shipped from Salina, except
in -four, will not feed q very large
army.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

The STRONG LUMBER COMPANY will commence business
on about October St with and complete stock Of lumber
shingles la SASH DOORS blinds &c, &c Office yard on Iron
Avenue Of the Metropolitan Hotel In connection with our
white cedar posts we will also Or for sale 40 tons fOur
Darbed fence wire at $6ss per 100 pounds.
CHARLES C. cULP. Manager
sAIRA. KANs- Sept 9, Sss.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

"HACKlIETACK," lasting and ma
grant perfume. Price Is and 80 esnts.
Life Il too short and buslness too
pressing for you 70 spend your time
looking for bargAins So 60 ct once 70
Campbell 4 Tufhili's for all your
goods and You win eevsr regret Il.
sHILoH'S CATARRH REMEDY
. positive cure for Catarrh, Diptheria,
and Csnker Mouth.
Overcoats ct bankrupt pricesI We
have had the opportunity Of buying
about 100 overcoats from one Of the
largestNewYork manufactures, which
recently failed, at IS per cent. below
cost and can therefore sell oyercoats
cheaper than ever. We quote the fol-
lowing prices:
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

We hope Republicans viii make
special effort to have the election re-
turns sent 10 our once election night,
80 that the result may be known a.
early a. possible and the returns tabu-
lated The JOURNAL efics win be
warmed and lighted during the night,
and made IS comfortable as possible
for the neyys-baarara
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1883-11-01

The soliciting committee for the
new college enterprise win make q
special effort to induce ten men to
subscribe 5000 each. Some sixteen
persons have promised subscription
Of $500 each, but the committee think
II viii Be much safer to start with ten
81 900 subscriptions.