davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
Which Bee.Hiyes are the Bestg

If an apiary is to be run for ex-
tracted honey, large hives are all
right; out they are fatal to the profit
able production Of comb honey, be-
cause the bees, having so much room
to store honey in the body of the
hive, are very slow and reluctant in
entering and in working in the sur
plus receptacles.
If we are to judge which hive is the
best by the kind that is most used,
we should say that the Langsroth
hive is the best. The Langsroth
frame, as most used, is 8 1-8 inches
deep by II SO inches long, and a hive
to hold these frames need be nothing
more than a simple box without top
or bottom, having a rabbett upon the
inside of the upper edges of the end
pieces upon which to hang the
frames. OF course such a hive re-
but these need be nothing more than
simple cleated boards. Many of the
best apiarists use just such as this.
The Langstroth frame is the best
to use when working for comb honey,
as the flatness or shallowness of the
brood chamber not only gives more
room for honey boxes on top of the
hives, but it induces the bees to enter
the boxes more readily. as it seems to
be the bees nature to keep their
combs in globular shape. Eight
frames in hive are better than ten
when comb honey is raised. BY plac-
ing one hive above another, tiering
them up three or even four stories
high, such hives as these can be made
large enough for raising extracted
honey; in fact this is exactly the
manner in which some of the most
successful and extensive producers of
extracted honey manage the business.
Farmers Review.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
Cotton and Grain.

The Courier-Journal hears with
alarm that the south is going to de-
vote Il larger acreage than ever to
cotton this year, insuring a seven
million-bale crop or more. The past
season the southern states were sin
gularly fortunate in their grain crops,
raising the largest amount of wheat,
corn and oats ever produced by them.
1t was owing to this fortunate cir
cumstance that this section did
not suffer as much as
it otherwise would have done
from the over-prOduction of cotton
and the low prices paid for the staple.
Grain has ranged high, and if the
south had been compelled to purchase
as much of 1T as usual, it would have
gone deeply in debt. With this show
ing, big prices for grain and low rates
for cotton, the Courier-J ournal re-
CARDS it as the height of folly to in
crease the cotton acreage at the ex-
pense of grain.
The explanation probably is that
usually given by the southern
farmer when asked to give reason
for his all-cOtton mania = that the
northwest can raise corn cheaper than
it can be raised in the south. While
this is true, while the soulh cannot
produca corn so cheap as to send it
into the open markets of the world in
competition with Iowa and Illinois,
the southern farmer can raise it
much cheaper for his own. use
than he can raise cotton to buy it
with. This was the experience
of the past year, and this fact
will probably be brought out still
more forcibly in future years, as all
indications point to higher prices for
grain and lower prices for cotton as
the supply of cotton the world over is
in excess of the demand, while the de-
mand for food exceeds the supply.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
THE sPRAeuE-cHAsE SCANDAL.

CINCINNATI, April .Tndro
ioadley, of this city. and lVinchesfar
Brltton, of Brooklyn, counsel for
Mrs. Catherine Chase Sprapue fo.de-,
sent from here Il letter to tha edif1,
Oh the indicator, at Staunton W.
glnla, referring to the Statement nab.
nshed In that paper on March Il, n
which Governor Sprague w;ls renre,
scented as having said To the cIe,'l-
Oh the court, to common wealth's
aaIS .1Iiy ana to Rev. j. ID.
hulllon' that in order to
procure prov Incense TO marry, and to in
uuce Uhe minister to perform the Ger
eihohy, mat ne brought suit against
MIS-. oprague, asking for divorce on
the ground OF adultery; that she
answered, charging him with the
same onense; that afterwards she
Withdrew the charges against him.,
put his remained, and he was
granted divorce on the ground
NAMED III his petition, and the
court divided custody Of the children.
for The sake of accuracy the minister
reduced the above statement to writ
ing. The counsel say they can hardlp
Delleve 1t possible that such pervef-
sion OF facts could be made. but az
they have seen no contradiction thev
asked the indicator to publish the
facts as they are in Justice TO Mr..
Sprague. They then recite that Mrs.
Sprague, brought suit for divorce
III Rhode Island, charging adultery.
cruelty and failure to support her.
lie answered by crossbill Charging
her with adultery. She preparei
proof to support all her allegations.
but on trial Gov. Sprague and counsel
proposed that il Mrs. Sprague would
waive proof us TO his adultery
ne would withdraw his petition
and permit the case to proceed on the
mllder charge of non-support. TheA
proposition was accept A .desrea
was granted Mrs. Spragde on this
ground, and she was given custody Of
the three younger children. the other
child being, under the laws of Rhode
Island, not subject to the. control of
the court. In view of all these facts
counsel say they have advised Mrs.
SPrague to avail herself of the per-
mission of the court to resume her
maiden name.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
: TEXAs POSTAL AFFAIRs.

AspoStotlce has been established at
Randado. Zapata county, to which
ANAL will be sent from Garlic, forty
miles west on route 81, LAG.
Peter w. Hall has been appointed
postmaster at Baby Head, Texas;
Thaddeus Shaw at Boston; Birdit L.
Gibbons at Gibbtown, Jack county,
and James w. Tolson at Seymour,
Harvey S. Bright, of Van Alstyne,
Texas, has been granted patent for
medical compounds; Floyd w.
. Thomas, of Jacksonville, patent for
a buckle. For the benefit of
TEXAS INVENTORS
1t may be well to state here that the
patent laws of Mexico, our sister re-
public, are based upon the law of
May Z, 1882, passed by the legislature
of that country, and modified by a
subsequent law passed July IL, 1852,
and the decree of September %, 1S48.
The duration of patent is ten years,
of Improvement thereto six years.
The duration of a patent of introduce
ton is limited by the concession
granted by congress. The time for
beginning the working of the patent
and time of forfeiture in default
thereof is to be fixed in each patent.
All documents must be in Spanish.
and are: l. Petition. 2. Designs or
models in duplicates, and what is
judged necessary for explanation of
what is proposed. The government
will not inquire as TO the usefulness
of any invention. Extension of time
TO inventors is given only by con-
gress. The expenses are from $40 to
$500. Patent of introduction is OBJ
tanned by petition to the government
and act of congress. To pro-
tect the right of property of
inventors or protectors of any
branch Of industry in the country ex-
elusive right is given them, that they
may use it in all of the states of the
federation. But inventors if, they
wish the government TO secure them
their rights, must present their lnven-
tions to the city councils of the towns
in which they reside, OF to the gov
ernor of their states. These authori-
ties being compelled to furnish de-
scriptions of the invention SO as to
properly explain them to the gov
eminent. Disputes about inventions
are always decided by the common
laws of the republic.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
Farming North and South.

ioprlnSnelu (MdSSiJ hepuOucaD.I
The southern farmer is now being
told that the remedy for all his hard
ships lies in variety of crops. If
nothing but cotton is raised, of course
corn and wheat and meat and hay
must be bought; as matter of fact
they are bought from the north and
the north has achieved prosperity
with mixed farming, while the south
with its single crop is poor and in
debt. So the planters are urged to
raise more grain and pigs and less
cotton, and an increase in the acreage
of wheat and corn is paraded as the
surest sign Of a states prosperity.
But in the north the tendency is di-
rectly the other way. The old plan
here was for the farmer to raise
upon his own land almost every
thing he required, and for him
and his wife to work with their own
hands almost everything they used
and wore as well, but this rule has
been more and more departed from
until in recent years special farming
has come in which furnishes counter
parts to the call cotton" plantations.
Take the New England dairymen.
They buy wheat and corn from the
west, often all they use, and one man
in an out-of-the-way Vermont town
has profitably devoted his acres to
grass and bought potatoes for his own
table. There is a growing feeling
here that mixed farming is profitlesS,
except in degree necessary for econ
omical management, and that in the
competition which has come with
railroads and modern appliances there
is little chance of success without
taking advantage of the division of
labor, in the wider sense, which is
brought about by "specialties."
The fact is, that north and south,
the question is merely one of economy
and not of principle. 1t is certain
that some Vermont farmers who feed
Illinois corn to their COWS make more
money than others who raise their
own, and plainly more than the farmer
could by raising it himself; and that
ends the argument. 1t costs money
to carry corn from Chicago to New
England or Georgia, and each section
and each farmer must determine
whether it is cheaper to raise it, OF to
raise something to buy it with. Be
cause the cotton planters are not gen.
orally prosperous, it is not necessary
to blindly adopt farming as a cure-all
The south has a change in progress
akin to that which has left the old
fashioned farmers in his own chill
town, wondering that the old meth
DDS do not bring the old profit. "How
do make both ends meet ?" said a
substantial North Carolina farmer the
other day. 81 use improved machin-
cry, manure heavily and pay cash."
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
Wheat TO the Acre.

There seems to be wide divergence
of opinion regarding the amount of
wheat necessary to SOW to the acre.
Some good farmers still adhere to the
old practice of bushel and half,
while others equally good say that
one bushel is great plenty. The st.
Paul Pioneer-Press is of the opinion
that the latter class have the better
of the argument. A bushel and a
half or bushel and a peck of seed
will not produce so plump berry as
when the roots have plenty of room
to spread, which they do in thin seed
ing. 1t has been proven conclusiYely
to that journal that it does not pay to
crowd corn or garden vegetables, and
hill are better than eight,
and that they will bring a finer and
larger crop. Even on a crop that will
care ITS field beans, experience has
proven that thick planting brings a
smaller return than thin, in quality
as well as quantity. CabbageS, beets
and all varieties of melons grow bet
ter, produce more largely, and yield
finer crops where ample space is al
lowed the roots to run. If this be
true in one case, whyno in the other Z
If cabbage needs room to develop
into Il big head, why should not the
wheat plant, which sends out its little
fibrous rootlets for several inches in
every direction, seeking for nourish-
ment and moisture? A bushel of seed
to the acre makes u large, plump,
handsome kernel and produces in the
aggregate more bushels to the acre
than will more seed-this is the result
of Il somewhat extended observation.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS AND
THINGS.

Pearl fishing is pursued by no less
than 1000 divers on the coast of Lower
California.
The italian government charges adj
mission to all the art galleries, always
free in the past, and makes 100000 a
year out of it.
1t is said that much of the recent
prosperity in the south is due to the
slip-shod manner in which all north
ern drummers play poker.
Leading politicians in the Black
Hills country are anxious to have
their region detached from Dakota
and annexed to Wyoming territory.
The house of lords is composed of
lively own 14,258.527 acres of land,
whose collective incomes are about
915,000,O00.
1t is now time to save up spare
money for summer vacation. This
suggestion does not concern news
paper men, as they seldom have either
one or the other.
The Berlin postoffice adopts the
dangerous practice of sending an
agent around to pay money orders.
AS a result, one carrying $1,000 has
been robbed and murdered.
A paper watch has just been ex-
hibited by a Dresden matchmaker
The paper is prepared in such a man.
ner that the watch is said to be as
serviceable as those in ordinary use.
1t is said a plot was once formed to
abduct David Davis and hold him for
a ransom. but the plotters found that
1t would take Six-hOrSe team and d
caravan wagon, and they gave it up
on the ground of economy.
A Cincinnati clergyman thought
he would raise his own pork. So he
bought five pigs and fattened them.
Now that they are fit to kill he hest
tates. He says they appear SO much
like his own children that he hasn't
the heart to kill them.
a lady of rank and title who has
been making great efforts to raise
money for charitable institution in
London says that she finds it exceed
ingly difficult to obtain contributions
in the west end, and SAYS that it is
easier to collect ESQ east of Temple
Bar than E5 west of it.
DR.. E. r. Showwalter, of Mobile
has presented to the university of
Alabama his valuable collection ef
fossils and marine and fresh water
shells, embracing more than 10000
specimens, together with fine libra
~ of scientific works. 1t is said to
take rank among the best collections
in the United States.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
SCIENTIFIC MATTERS.

1t said that steam and air-tight RIB.
Der packing may be made by brushing
| it over with solution of powdered
rosin in ten times its weight in water.
The packing is ready in about -four
| weeks.
Bordeaux red is new coloring
matter for wine. 1t appears to be a
napthaline dye. Its presence in wine
can be easily detected. Silk is turned
by it to granite red, and the addi-
ton of alittle ammonia makes the doc
tored wine brown.
A strong infusion of sassafras root
is recommended by DIR. Hinton as a
powerful remedy for poisoning by
Rustoxicodendron. When it is cool,
cloths are wet in it and applied fire.
quently to the patient. A days treat
ment will effect a cure usually.
During the last thirty years the
California quicksilver mines have
produced loo. 222, 267 pounds, of which
81 1897 800 pounds were exported. Cali
fornia produces one-half of all the
quicksilver in use throughout the
world. The Rothschilds control the
Austrian and Spanish mines.
1t is almost self-eyident fact that
there should be some other way of
disposing of sewage than turning it
into streams. But there is hardly any
censure too severe for those who cut
and store ice from polluted waters.
Organic germs Of disease are con-
tanned in such ice. People drink
water cooled by it in summer, when
the system is most liable to sickness
that may last all the year round.
1t has been proposed, says the
Glassware Reporter, to- employ zinc
for extracting gold from auriferous
rocks. The pulverized rock is gradu-
ally introduced into a bath of molten
zinc, which combines with the precious
metal so that the refuse which rises
to the top can be skinned off. The
gold may be subsequently separated
by distilling the alloy, the zinc passing
over and leaving the precious metal
behind.
NJ. Cornu thinks that he has aScer-
tanned by experiment that the glow
ing of phosphorus is due to a volitili-
ZatiOn of its mass and subsequent
production of ozone by electrical
energy generated by the Mobilization
of the phosphorus. Phosphorus does
not glow at alrin oxygen under high
pressure, because, says NJ Cornu,
volitiliZation is impeded, and at a
certain limit becomes too slow TO
ozoneize the oxygen. Gases which
prevent the formation Of oxygen also
prevent phosphorescence..
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
CoMpARArIvE rIn1rnrc

PHILADELPHIA, April 1.-THE an
nual report of the American iron and
steel association shows large de-
crease in the production of iron rails
IN 1852 over 1851. and small decrease
in the production of open hearth steel
rails and crucible steel ingots. In all
these article it was increased in 1882
over. 1881, with the single exception
Oh pig iron. However the increase
was in no instance large, and even in
pig, iron only II per cent. The iron
and steel ingots for 1882 made a total
OF l.335,371 tons. The value OF, our
iron and steel exports for that year.
$l9,O29, l59. Our pig iron production
Tor 1882 was obtained in twenty-six
states and Utah territory, and of a
total of 5,178,122 tons, PENNSYLVANIA
produced 2,449,256 tons. The tonnage
OF iron vessels built during the year,
was 40,O97 tons, much the largest in
our history.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
A New Explosive.

George Holgate, of Philadelphia, in
ventor and maker of half of the myS-
terious explosive machines that find
their way across the ocean, and cred
tied with having constructed the one
deposited under the English govern
ment buildings in London, left that
city on Sunday morning last for the
Rocky Mountains. His object in GO
ing to the Rocky Mountains is to find
a lonely spot. His purpose in finding
a lonely spot is to seclude himself
from inquisitive observation, and his
idea in sequestering himself where
the eye of the curious shall not dwell
upon him is to perform certain eX-
periments. To reporter, before leav-
ing, he said he wished to expert.
ment with a new explosive which
he had just discovered, far more
powerful than nitro7glycerine and
not half so dangerous to. handle
the most powerful known. 1t is in
the shape of powder of a dark color,
and somewhat resembling gunpowder.
although of much finer texture. 1t
explodes the same as any other SINH
lar compound powder or nitro-glycer-
inc, 1t can be used in a gun with a
cap or in an internal machine. If an
ounce were concentrated in an iron
box two inches in diameter, placed in
the largest building, not a stone would
be left standing after the explosion.
A can full would destroy the city as
by an earthquake. In speaking of the
discovery of the dynamite factory in
Birmingham, England, he said; Il
know its location well. The po-
lice think they have found all
the places where internal ma
chimes are manufactured. They
are ably mistaken. l learned my
trade in Birmingham. There have
been shops of this sort there for thir-
ty years unknown to the authorities.
l can put my fingers on dozen. The
country around there is full of them"
Being asked his opinion of Mezzer-
hoff, he said: HE has thorough
knowledge of applied chemistry. 1
do not think the Russian authorities
can keep him out of Moscow or st.
Petersburg. He has fooled them be-
fore. OF course he will not do any of
the heavy business at the coronation.
All he will have to do is to mix his
powders and make his machines.
Others will use them.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
The Fish Pond.

The Kern County California; Ga
zette says: There are two carp
ponds of small dimensions near Bak-
ersfield, in each OF which the plant
was made last spring. The fish are
doing well, and there are to be seen
great numbers of young fish. 1t can
not be long till this market will be
well supplied with this excellent fish.
1t would be well for every farmer who
has half an acre of ground fitted for a
pond, with certain supply Of water,
to raise these fish for the house
hold use alone, as they raise their
fowls" The Foothill Tidings tells
of Rev. j. w. Brier, who is breed
ing carp some three miles from
Grass Valley. He finds that 1000
carp will live and grow finely upon
what one hog will-in both cases from
birth to two years old. At this age
the carp will weigh 1000 pounds the
average lot, while the average porker
will weigh 250 pounds. At present
prices for the two articles of food, the
fish would bring $1,000 and the hog
$24. The South Coast. published at
San Luis Obispo, says that a Mr.. Nc
CleIIand, a resident of that county,
recently caught 800 carp at one haul
of the seine in small lake in that
county, where only little over two
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19

caught them i'll this condition; also
frequently found them living
dead in the woods. Now,
what caused the destruc-
ton among the birds? l should like
for some writer to give a satisfactory
explanation. The fact of the business
is. that we are unable to cope with
nature and her laws in every change
that is taking place. Science has ac-
eomplished, and is Still accomplishing
much, but there are some things that
are beyond the ken of science, and,
with due Difference to those who think
differently. this So-called hog cholera
is one of them. l may be in error,
but until see or learn of some better
solution to this scourge, 1 shall die in
the faith that corn-feeding, in small
or large quantities, is not the cause, nor
does it kill hogs.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
That Small Veto.

The subject matter was inconsider-
able, and We are surprised that Gov
ernor Ireland should have called. into
exercise the veto power on such a
trivial point. Principles, of course,
may lie in small as well as great
things, but really we do not see how
the dignity, nor the honor, nor the
right of the state could be leopard
lied, or even touched, by little con-
cilliatory grant of a few rods of
ground to the United States in order
to facilitate the conference of public
benefit. The legislature certainly did
showed, what we imagine was under
the circumstances, a high and COM
mendable spirit. Vetoes should be
kept for special and grave issues, and
their free and random use deserves
the rebuke of the legislature.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19

A special dispatch to the New York
Sun from Weldon, North Carolina,
reports that as the train bearing Pres
ident Arthur and his party south was
passing Ream's Station the conductor
made his appearance in the presiden-
tial car and made the usual demand
for tickets. As the president, says
the dispatch, had been invited to take
the trip over the road as its guest, the
party was considerably embarrassed.
The presidents secretary endeavored
to explain the situation to the con-
ductor, but that official was inexora-
BILE, and announced that the party
would have to pay their fare from
Petersburg to Weldon. After consid-
cradle parley he consented to wait
until Weldon was reached, when he
received an order by telegraph, which
had been overlooked at Petersburg
instructing him to pass the distin.
gllished company.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19

years ago ten were planted. Owing
to rent in the sein he thinks he did
not secure more than half that were
in the net. The average weight OF
the 800 was about one pound.
An eastern farmer, who has a halt
acre pond filled with fine fish in "A per-
manent pasture, remarked that it
paid in three ways: The water, be-
ing always accessible, was worth
more to his cows than if the half acre
was in grass; the fish were worth as
much as the product of any half acre
on his farm; and, finally. the pond
yielded an ice crop every winter. The
pond was stocked with gold fish and
bullhead.
The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1883-04-19
MERELY A sueaEsrroN.

LOUISVILLE, April 1.-THE sng-
geStion has been made to convert the
Louisville Industrial Exposition
building into hotel for the accom-
mediation of visitors to the Louisville
Southern Exposition this year. The
building is a large brick, substantial
and imposing in appearance. The
structure can be readily arranged to.
comfortably accommodate two thou
sand guests. The ground on which
the building stands has been pur-
chased by the government as a site
for new custom house, and
request has been forwarded to
the secretary of the treasury to
permit the building to remain.