San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1883-08-09
IN only choose some member Of

he, like our president, appoints a cab
met to decide what shall be done. The
orders are given in the queens name,
and she signs many of the more i'm,
portant papers, holds a very elevated
rank, and is allowed very large in
come; but the real governing is done
chiefly by the men whom the people
choose for the house of commons, or
those whom the commons are willing
to sustain in the cabinet.
England has not a written consti-
tuition, but it's government proceeds
according to the laws of Parliament
and old customs; hence the growth OF
the peoples right to chose rulers has
been gradual though steady. In
France and in Germany the govern.
ments were formed anew about twelve
years ago, and popular rights were in
PRODUCED distinctly. France is a re-
public, organized by written consti-
tuition. The country is divided into
departments resembling our states,
and they manage local matters, while
the Republic governs affairs Of general
interest. This resembles the Ameri-
can plan. In France, however, the
general government establishes re-
|ligion and maintains a system of ed
ucation, an extensive police force and
burdensome army, and controls the
newspapers; while in America such
matters are governed by the states or
let alone.
The chief officer of France is Pres
ident chosen for seven years, not by
the people, but by the National AS
sembly. This is as if Congress chose
our President; COR the National AS
sembly answers to Congress. 1t has
two houses, Chamber of Deputies,
| like the House OF Representatives, ex-
cept that it is about half as large
again, and Senate which is almost
four times as large as the Senate at
Washington. The deputies are chos-
en- by popular vote in the depart
ments, one for each reimbursement,
much as our representatives are chos-
en- through the states, one in each
congressional district, Senators hold
office for life, instead of six years as
in this country. The mode Of choos-
ing them is perplexing. Besides the
the National Assembly, there is Coun-
Gil of state, which assists either house
in forming laws wisely and carefully,
and gives advice upon any questions
or proposed DEGREES submitted by the
President. There is no similar body
in England or in our Federal govern
ment. The President has the coop
Grafton of state in the performance of
his duties, but their Offices are not
called departments, as at Washing
ton. In France departme nt is a di-
vision of the country. Each depart
ment has it's General Council resemb-
ling state legislature. The mem
bers of a General Council are chosen
by the people, but choose their own
presiding officers, as is done in our
legislatures. The project of a depart
ment. who corresponds to governor,
is appointed; but mayors are elected
by the various municipal councils.
The German Empire has been
formed by number of kingdoms
which have retained their power to
manage local affairs united by written
Constitution under an Imperial gov
eminent which manages general sub
iects, such as citizenship, passsorts,
commerce, and duties on imports,
coinage, paper money and banking,
patents and copyrights, railways, post
Offices telegraphs, etc. 49,
The general laws are made by
Federal Council, much like our Sen
ate, but somewhat smaller (its men,
bers are appointed by the kingdoms
which they represent, and all the
delegates from one kingdom cast
their votes as unit, co-operat-
ing with an Imperial Diet, much like
our House of Representatives, but
somewhat larger Cts members are
chosen by the people throughout the
empire). There is no election of
President; whoever is King of Prus-
STA for the time being is president of
the German Empire German En-
peror, he is called. This is as if the
governor of some chief state We're al
ways to be President of the United
States. In Switzerland also, the peo-
pie have large share in choosing
rulers. And it is probable that the
principle of popular elections will
grow and extend in time to come.
She Thought the Doctor Ought TO Know.
A little Oil CITY girl was taken sick,