davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
4 Curiols Calculation.

Did you over think, asks Paris paper,
how many male and female ancestors
were required to bring you into the
worla2 First. it was necessary that You
should have q father and mother--that
makes two human beings. Each OF
them most also have had father and
mother-that makos four human beings
Each Of those four must have had q
father and mother--that makes eight
human beings, And so we must 20
back for forty-six generations, which
brings us only to tho time OF Jesus
Christ. The calculation thus resulting
shows" that 1a9, 46,017, ,4e9. .b34 ,976
births must have taken place in order
to bring you into tho world--you who
read these lines. But remember wo are
only taking the case OF yourself--on
human being--and there are 1000, 900,
0O0 Of human boings in the world with
the same history, and wo have only oar
ried back the calculation to the timo Of
Chfist. How monstrous tho calculation
becomes If we carry 1t back 5000 yearsi
How ghastly 1t becomes II we push It
back 25O, 900 years, which De Mortillet
and others give as the ago Of, the human
race just count three generations to a
oentnry, OF thirty to ever 1000. yesrs
and reckon up the history Of one lndiv.
idual. Imagine tho number OF births
necessary. to bring into existence enc
member Of the 7,600th gonerationl
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
Lonis Napoloon's Strategy.

It WAS ono Of the eelf-delusions OF
Napoleon III that he had inherited his
unclo's genius as strategist, aud he had
been guilty Of The extreme folly of
drawing up at Paris plan of the
Crimean campaign, as imbecile in con-
coption rs it was impossible of cxeGtl.
ton. When it reached General Canro-
bert he oommunic9toditto to Lord Raglan,
according to instructions received. and
the disciple of wellington found nc
difficulty in pointing ont it's defects for
the reconsid ration of the Emperor. 1t
was for the carrying out Of this scheme
that tho concentration of the French
troops were ordered. IL ,,Sfnmous beme
was that 10000 troops, half of them
French and half Turkish under the com.
mand of General Borquet and Omer
Pasha, should blockade SebastopoI.
without attempting TO press the siege
any further; that $4,000 troops. half of
thcm English and half Sardinian and
Turkish, under the command Of Lord
Raglan, should coyer the blockading
force from the mouth Of tho Tchcrnaya
to Balaklava, and that 10000 French
troops, reinforced by $4,000 more
French troops, then at Constantinople,
under Inc command Of General Cnnro-
bert, should embark for Alutcha. and
march to Slmpheropcl, which town they
could easily seize. by coup dc main,
and hold as tho French capital OF tho
Crimea, whence tho whole peninsula
would be gradually taken possession of.
Lord Raglan ourtly remarked, after a
perusal of the paper, that the bloclkad-
ing force would be driven into the sea
by tho sortios of garrison twice rs
strong as itself that the covering force
could not hold q position whose flank
was turned by the garrison and that
tho expeditionary force might take
SimpheropoI, but that nearer base OF
operations for Sebastopol would be
formed at BAghtsheh Serai He then
politely handed back the precious docu-
ment to General Oanrobort. and meyer
alluded to the matter again. The stars
must nave erred in determining the lot
OF Napoleon III, who had in reality mono
of those qualities which arc usually re-
garded as the conditions OF elthor mill
tary or imperial greatness. He pos
sessed smottering of several branches
OF learning, and thorough acquaintance
with mono, but he was SO blinded by
conceit as to be incapable of eyer per-
ceiving that he labored under an error,
and, even when his sagacity WIS most
evidently at fault, his self-compIacency
remained unshaken. All that he looked
for in such case was convenient way
out of tho troubles which he had
brought about for himself and others.
In this instance the way out of them was
found for him,
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
a Tramp's Fortune.

Hereafter the thOughtfu.- .-m,nicu citizen.
iii view of recent occurrence, will give
heed and car to the merry. merry tramD
who accOsts hlm with the OLD story of
Just a little assistance until hear from
homo, where have considerable money
due me-" Some such yarn as this always
accompanied the frequent demands tramn
named Jshn Mhalen n.aiie upon District
Attorney-cIect j. ID. Sullivan, of San
francieco. Tramp Whalen generally
"struck" for two bits at time and was
both consistent and persistent IN his story
which was this: Hc claimed 70 hav, a
small fortune awaiting him In Englaud,
which could be secured by any one know
ing how to legally claim 1t for HIM. The
fellow stuck to 1t with such earncstness
that Dir. Sullivan at last concluded that
1t was worth tho time and postage of one
letter TO England. This he wroe. and
while he waited an answer Tramp Whalen
met the tate common to city tramps.-he
was arrested as a vagrant. A letter was
received by Mr.. Sullivan containing the
surprising information that the described
Whalcn was entitled to 9h, 900, or, in the
denomination MIR. Sullivan is accustomed
to include In his own accounts, $2s, coo.
This, of course, placed Tramp Whalcn
in the light of citizen whose wherea bouts
1t was desirable to learn. The letter con.
tanned an earnest request that Mr.. Sullivan
should forward his peculiar client to Eng.
land ut once. The attorney set about
hunting up the perIpatetic Whalen and
was not much surprised to leern that he
was IN the gloomy shades of tho Central
Police Station, awaiting sentence rs a
"vag." The plot worked admirably. Just
as the attorney, as ho would In a play,
was preparing to rush to his distressed
client, with the $26, 900 information, enter
u messenger with prepaid cablegram
transferring $500 for Whalen's expenses
to England. Armed with this, enter Sulli-
van in Police Court No. Q. Whalen,
ragged. dirty, detected, but calm, sat In
the prisoners dock. Judge Kosenbaum
Ind just fixed Ills judicial eye upon tho
"vag," IN mental debate whether 10 give
him twenty days IN the County Jail. or
three months in tho House of Correction,
where his abilities could be turned to the
making of country roads. Tho attorney,
with proper dramatic effects, explained
tho situation to tho Court The Court
reflected, and the poetry or dramatic
unities or something occurring to him, tho
Court ordered the ''vag's" discharge on
condition that he leave the city and county
OF San Francisco within "a houis Agreed.
Exit attorney aud tramp
Whalen Was fitted out with an entire
suit of new clothes, gavo himself sur
prise with bath and a shave, and. az Mr.
Sullivan Expresses 1t, "He actually did
not know himself.' He visited several
OF his old haunts, restaurants wtere he
had begged meals, etc., and was looked
upon as thief In his new outfit. He left
for England on the overland train via New
York. -
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
a Caterer on Meat.

Fresh meat of every description should
he hung up in dry, cool place, and
carefully wiped evory day. It ought
never to lay long in dish. Tho time
it should be kept varies with the weather
in cold, dry Weather it will keep fres Ii
much longer than III moist, warm
weather. Game will keop longer than
butcher meat-say, two weeks-birds
being kept with the feathers on, but not
drawn, and venison and rabbits
paunched, but not skinned. Beef will
require from four to ten days keeping,
or even longer in oold weather and
mutton, if we'll managed, will sometimes
hang fortnight or three weeks without
spoiling-the longer tho botter. AS
young moat, howeyer--veal, lamb and
mutton-,spoils worry quickly, one, two
or three days ut the utmost sufliccs for
it. Fowls will keep for week and
turkeys fortnight, but q goose not
above nine or ton days. In plucking
birds which havo been kept some time,
oaro should be taken not to break tho
skin, which will have become rather
tender.
AS all animal food. however good the
quality and however we'll it may DO
cooked, is uneatable stale, and. except
fish, will certainly prove tough if cooked
too fresh, it becomes matter Of consider
able difficulty, particularly during
summer, to fix upon the right day for
cooking n pieco Of meat which has been
kept. 1t is only by daily examination
and narrowly watching the change
which meat undergoes thlt tho house.
wife will be able to make use OF it ut
that stage, just short of being tainted,
which is the proper ono at which to cook
it.
This is an art whioh can only be
learned by expert nee and its successful
practice evinccs considerable skill, in
household management. Thus, should
unlocked for cold weather have pro-
vented tho moat roaching the proper
cooking state upon tho day calculated
on, the prudent and active housewife
will havo to provide somo other dinner
for that day and keep tho meat till next
day or the next again. 1t cannot bo too
strongly impressed upon housekeepers
that even the best meat, if cooked too
soon, will not be nearly 80 tender and
palatable as meat much inferior which
has been kept the proper time. There
are various ways Of keeping ment sweet
and Of removing the bad smell after it
has become slightly tainted, One modo
is to rub it over with coarsely- pounded
charcoal, which has tho property of ab-
sorbing tho putroscont gases, and thus
prevents tho bad smell. Tho charcoal
must, OF course, be washed off before
cooking. Another way is to paint the
meat all over with solution of salicylic
acid, or rubbing the moat with the dry
acid is the simplest method, and will do
for all household purposes.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
Tho estnll,.

a fine. stately tree is the chestnut, and
long-lived; but its wood, unless It Is cut in
youth, is Tar inferior to oak. If it IS cut
timber is exceedingly sound, but after that
period it's heart becomes dcccitful and
brittle. 'Whcn it is let to stand beyond
its full growth, says writer on trees, IT
is the worst of all timber, being apt to
| crack and fly INTO spllnters. One variety
Of tho Chestnut produces sweet nuts: the
French and Italians roast and cat them.
The trees which produce this sorL Of food
arc called sweet chcstnuts. They do not
yield fine nuts except they are grown in a
warmer climate than ours: they thrive
best where grapes ripcn out of doors. The
country of Devon, however, docs produce
this fruit, fairly large In size and good In
quality. The finest cbcstnuts, it is said,
arc imported from Spain.
One favored spot, where the chestnut
grows to perfection, is Va'ambrosa, in The
Apennines. Another spot where this tree
| flourlshes is Etna: here ls tho world famed
Chestnut of Hundred Cavaliers. 80 call.
| ed, because that number Of horsemcn, who
were escorting high-born lady 10 Naples,
took shelter under its canopy at one time
Its glrth IN ITO was 2O& feet, but il
seemed as if it were clump of five trees
all IN one. The chestnut seems ID like a
mountain side. olympus was once nearly
shaded by these trees. 1T is delicate tree,
as was proved by the great frost of 1900.
This severe weather following on heavy
rains, destroyed whole groves of cheslnu,
trees in France.
| We have already said the chestnut il
most valuable for lts timber in youth Lei
no one be afraid OF cutting it too young,
saws great authority on trees. Even al
the ago of 80 years 1t Will be found ring
shaky' within. Bat 1t Ia a very valuable
tree when felled before its primo. 1t i.
much used for tho manufacture of VINE
casks. 1t ls said that wine, in these bar
rels, ferments slowly, and hay no unpIca
SAINT taste of wood, and the timber resistl
the dry rot 90 common in cellars. Chest
nut wood ls also very useful for posts nnt
| fencing.
The foreigners use the leaves for stnfiiul
their beds and for littering cattle.
| We have no idea IN our country of tho
great use OF chestnuts to tho poor mau II
the south Of France and the north of Italy
Tho nuts arc ground, and from tho flou
are made thick fiat cakes, p1rrigc, ant
sweetmeats. Chestnut flour will kcey
good tor many years If put in sound air
tight casks. Sugar, too, IL made from the
chestnut fruit. The tiee is said to have
como originally from Asia Minor, and it.
fruit waa well.known as tho 'Sardis NUT
The Oldest and largest chestnut in ou
country Is that on Lord Ducle's estate a.
Tortworth. 1t 10 supposed to have bee,
planted by the R0mapa. 1t Is cited a
the Old Chestnut in writings made in tn,
reign OF King john.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
Food and Shelter on the Nangea,

There are in the far Western States
and Territories wide areas with peou-
liarly mild climate. For several years
III succession, both cattle and sheep are
able TO find their own food, and are in
fairly good condition IN spring. If the
climate wore always like this, nothing
better could be wished. But thoro is
occasionally n sovore winter the snow
covers the grass, and tho cold piercing
winds drive tho animals before them.
Unfortunately thoro arc no bolts
timber, or brush, or oven ravines in
which the animals may find shelter and
rost and they,often become exhausted and
perish. Provident shepherds and herders
ind that this Is one OF those cases in
which it is best to not "tako tho
chances" but to provide store of food
each autumn, MS if they were suro that
a hard winter would follow. In supply
ing food shelter may be provided and
double object gained The natural
grass of the ranges. though coarse, is
sufficiently nutritious to keep the
animals during the winter, oven whom
allowed to dlo and dry where it stands.
If it can be cut and CURED while yot parf
TALLY green, the hay is Of far bettor
quality. The simplest way to keep tho
hay is to set up row of posts, about IL
feet apart those arc to be connected by
other sticks running along and spiked
to their tops. Lighter poles are then
laid from the cross beam to tho ground,
towards tho north side, and ncar enough
together to sustain the hay that may be
piled upon them. This will mako q
lean'to shed, which, when thiokly
covered with hay, will afford abundant
sheltor, and at the same timo food within
reach. After severe storm tho hay
may be re-adjusted. and more, if nced
be, added. A moro complete shelter
may be made by setting up two rows of
uprights IL or IA feot apart. using tie
sloping poles rs before. The two rows
of horiz ,ntal cross.bcams, should be
connected by light poles. This will
allow larger amount of hay to be stored
out Of reach OF tho animals, and which
may be used to keep tho sloping portion
Of the shed in repair, Shelter of this
kind may be made of any needed length,
and should always be 80 placed as to
afford protection from the severest
winds.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
Tho Lake Ira do.

While some steam craft arc yet IN COM
mission, the carrying trade on the lakes
for 1892 is practically ended. The num-
bcr of lives lost and tho list OF disasters,
great and small, are less than in most pre-
vlous years. Single instances OF casualties
attended with the loss Of more than hall o
dozen lives have been rare. Tho notable
exceptions arc the burning of tho steamer
Manitoulin and the foundering of the Asia
both of which occurred IN Georgian Bay.
by the former on May 18Th between 80
and 40 lives were lost, while by tho latter
over 100 persons are supposed to have per-
lshed. Lesser noteworthy casualties oc.
CURED on Thanksgiving day, when eight
men pcrished on the Canadian shore of
Lake Ontario near Picton, and on Lake
Michigan, when tho burning Of the steam
barge Peters occurred, caused the loss OF
10 lives. The total number Of accidents
and disasters OF all Classos Is about l01 fol
the season, with a loss Of not far from III
lives.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
Silence on Tap.

The latest wonder of the world has
been discovered in the Yellowstone
Park, by person named james Carroll,
who is said to DO reputable Citizen OF
Helona, Montana Carroll says that he
was IN deep gorge. Around him was
q scene OF grandeur, towering cliffs and
verdant vegetation. He SIT down to
wait for his friends, WHO were to follow
him into the gorge. Everything was
quiet. The Stiffness was oppressive.
He determined to break the sllonce, bat
he soon found that he could not make
even a crack in it. He called on his
friends. He called again, and nearly
shouted the top of his head off, but he
could not hear the sound of his OWE
voice. a panther was passing. Carroll
seized his rifle, and fired at the animal.
Smoke camo out of the rifle, and the
panther orawlcd away wounded and
bleeding, but no report. came from the
rifle; 10 sound reached Carroll's ears.
If Carr0ll's statement was not substan-
tiated by the ovid ence Of others, we
would believe that he was suffering
from temporary deafness. or whiskey,
or that he had cotton in his ears, but
that hypothesis won't work, for his
friends followed him into tho gorge, and
there they all stood and became red in
the face, aud got sore throats, in their
efforts to have vocal communication
with each other. But not sound could
they hear. The place was 80 packed
full of silence that they could not hear n
pin drop, and they had to uso signs and
the deas and dumb alphabet to express
their astonishmont. They explain that
some peculiarly in the atmosphere
there makes it non conductor of sound
II this is true, and we have no reason to
doubt the statement of Carroll and his
companions, long-felt want will be
supplied. Companies will be chartered
to can this valuable atmosphere, or to
saw it OFF in lengths, pack it IN saw-dust
and ship it to the busy haunts of men in
the East. In families whore there Is q
baby, barrel of it can be kept i'll the
corner of the bedroom. BY turning tho
faucet tho wall of tho infant will be
heard no more. Think of the soothing
effect of keg Of it turned loose in q
ward meeting a person might squirt
syringe full Of Yellowstone PARK at.
mosphere Oh an organ grinder, and all
his soothing strains in n moment would
be but ga melancholy condensed to mir, "
or some bold man might go to, say,
Talmage's church, with con of silence,
and a patent can-opcncr in his pocket,
and the result would be that the sermon
Of the elegant contort1onlst would DO q
voiceless pantomime. We have ordered
keg of IL for own use, and it makes us
smile to think of the embarrassment
that Will clothe, as with n garment. the
first man who comes into the Office to
read us "a little thing he dashed off last
night" and finds himself surrounded by
the silence OF the tomb as he claws
around in search Of his voioa
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
"S0rry F'r Poor Folks"

Gazing into tho windows of ,
store rccontly was an individual wia
wns considerably "corned," and as lie
was attempting to balance on his heels
and take i'll tho show Mt tho snme time
along camo woman and child md hal
ted beside him. Both wero poorly
dressed and evidently hard up, and tho
chlld's ordinations Of delight eoon at
tractcd tho attention of the befuddle,l
individual.
"Sho you wan one or ON dolls in Yer
Chrlsmns stocking, eh2" he queriod as
he patted the child on tho head.
'Oh, yos, sir, bnt we arc poor" che
replied.
Poor. he? Too bsz too baz. sho
you want doll, her"
Yes, Sir, but can't have one. Can
T, ma?
mo. in,leod," answered tho woman,
we nave hard work even TO got
bread"
"Is that SOP Thas too baz--too baz.
jus hol on lizzie whllo,"
He began feeling in bis pockets for
money, but the search revealed only a
piece OF tobacco, bottle with little
whisky in it, and Il pawn ticket for a
watch.
'Want or doll, eh ? Want it pursy
bad?"
Eyes, Sir, but -
You nezzer mind bout that Poor.
eh2 Sorry f'r poor folks. No Chris
mus presens, eh9 Sorry bout that.
Shay p ."..
eyes, sir"
"You waiz right here till I cum back"
Re Mt once pushed his way INTO the
store, was absont about 'fivo minutes.
and then returned, carrying doll by
the leg Handing it over to the girl he
said
"Thas dollyfr you. Sorry FIR poor
folks--very sorry. Thas my Chrismus
presens. Run now, hard as you eau T.
The woman and child hurried away.
and they were only we'll out Of sight
when the man was arrested and walked
off for stealing the doll. He went will
ingly, calling back to the crowd:
You beZ I'll make somebody glad
on Chrlsmus Sorry f'r poor folks--very
sorry p
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
Tho Dead Horse Festival.

| This amusing ceremony often takes
place on board OF English ships sailing to
Australia. On joining ship the sailors
are advanced a months wages, with which
they are supposed to have bought horse,
which dies at the end Of four weeks. A
dummy steed Is prepared IN the iorecastle,
the body being an old -four barrel, tho
neck and head Of canvas, stuffed with
! straw and painted. In place Of a saddle,
q hole scut through the body, large enough
to admit the legs OF tho rider.
| About half-past seven In tho evening a
small procession, headed by man who
carries baton, furnished with rude imi-
tatlon OF human face, issues from the
torecastle. Following him ls sailor with
| long white whRkers, who holds a can for
penny contributions. Ho is protected by
number OF policemen, armed with canvas
clubs like those used in pantomtmes,
with which they lay about them as freely
as New York policeman, but with no
other effect tn an cliciting shouts of laugh
ter. The procession is closed by a numbei
OF sailors who sing jolly sea songs during
the march. After the collection has been
taken up, the party returns to the fore.
castle.
Shortly attcrward larger procession
issues from the forocas,le, with number
OF COMIC characters in addition to those
just mentioned, among them the auc-
tioneer, In frock coat and tall hat, with
roll OF papers III his hands, and nttcn-
dec by clerk. Immediately after the
auctloneer comes the horse, ridden, or
rather carried, by sailor dressed as a
Jockey, and led by a groom. The process
sion paradcs about tho deck, tho rider
making the horse prance in the most lively
and amusing manner.
The auctlUnCer then mounts barrel on
the 4imrter-ueCk, and after long and
laughabe hAranguo on tho merits Of the
horse, puts up the animal tor sale. Pre-
vious to all this the hat has been passed
round among tho passengers and officers,
and ten TO fifteen pounds have been col-
lected for the bencnt Of the sailors. The
bidding ls spirited and amusing, and
ceases when 1t reaches tho amount collec-
ted, which js theu handed to tho sailoro by
one OF the lady passengers.
Alter The auction, tho leading charac-
ters movo OF to tho lee side near tho
maIasall, and solemn dlrge Is chanted
about tho poor animal dying suddenly.
each verse ending with "Poor old uorsel"
The horse and rider are then hojsted to tho
end Of the mainyard over the ships side,
oluc-lights arc let OIL, giving ghastly as
pect TO tho scene, and AT given signal
The rope is cut, and the horse falls into
the sea, leaving the rider suspended IN
tho air, and floats astern IN tho darkness.
lhe procession again forms and marches
around the deck, The sailors singing "i,ulc
Britannia"
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1883-01-25
1876. 1882.
r. w. HABEN|lICHT.
Proprietor of the
MORNINGSTAR SALOON

respectfully call tho attention of the
public to my superior facilities for sup
plying everything in my line. of superior
quality. Starting business In Wins
boro in 1876, I have in all this time
given the closet attention to my bust
ness and endeavored to make my estab-
iishment FIRST GLASS in eyeyy par--
ticul"r. shall in the future. as in the
past. hold myself ready to serve my
customers with the best articles that can
be procured in any market. I shall
stand ready, also, to guarantee every
article sell.
invite an inspection Of my stock of
Wines. Liquors, Tobacco, Cigars, etc.
+. W. HABENICHT.