The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1883-12-13
the PUeelo INDIANA
peeahasltles - T1soee Chll1rcN -
Mssteasma asa Thcar QsaAat Cas>

MO0SeaosMA 49, TncK QoaAAS vs.
eoMa>
Taos N. n, lSescr - lsssr Ossanl
Arohnologists say Mat thc Taos, or,
- they arc generally called, tllS Pn-
ehlo Indians. Of tho territories of New
Mexico and Arizona, ArO u the same
race ~ the Axtecs Of old Mexico. This
seems ,ery probable. The two people
have many points Of resemblance.
Their Importance II the same. They
both huild their houses OF mud: and
their HABITS Of eating and drinking aro
ncarl. identical.
IN New Mexico tho largest pueblo il
that III Taos. situated nt the northern
ond of Taos valley, and having . popu-
lntion Of some live hundred Indians.
Tho other pncl,los III Santa Clara aud
San Juan nre located on the banks Of
the Rio Grandc, and are further south.
How long ago the Taos pueblo was
bnit no one knows. To al appear.
soNs il has existed for thousands Of
years. II is ~ scsrroi and baked -
hard as any Of tho monuments Of Egypt,
and il is certain that when the Span.
iards visited New Mexico in 1910 they
found this pueblo looking tho same -
IL does today.
Once only have tho Pueblo Indians
shown any hostility toward tho whitos;
that was in la47. when they joined
forces with the Mcxicans and attempted
to defend thcir village against the forces
Of tho states.
At Taos are the ruins ofAn old caShe-
sfen1 NebssslN
crnment forces when the Mcxicans and
Indians had taken refuge there. The
cru,nbling walls Of the old place arc
now used 10 protect Che graves which
have bccn dug in the weed. grown nave.
Before lS47, and always nfterward, the
Indiana have attended strictly to their
own affairs. They ive by agriculture
and raising goats and sheep. Primitive
II their manner Of living, they ars
equally % in their styfe OF working.
Their wants are few, and they raiss only
what they need for themselves. They
hunt with the bow and arrow; live
mostly on fruits and cakes made from
tho wheat they have raised have sim.
ple form of government: arc quiet,
peaceful end contcnted, and dress in
garments made by themselves, AMI
which are picturesque and original.
IL Is curious fact tt0t hardly any
two Of the Pueblo tribes speak the
same language When the village Of
Pccos wss almost dccimatcd by small.
pox, the pueblo was deserted Iy tho
lew who werc vol enough 70 travel.
but they had 10 pass by three pucbloe
before they found one whore their own
language vas spoken; but notwith.
standing this fact, the religious bclief 10
tho same between the tribs. Their
apcient god was called Montexumn aud
II il said that sacred fire il kept for.
ever burning - light tho return Of this
NEUROLOGICAL character when he shall
b. brought back by tlle eagle which
carried him away. This connection
betwccn the eagle and the god Of tho
people explains the reverence with
which the bird j. treated u the pucblos
to-day. In any one Of tho puehlos the
, eagle has home, aud becomes tho net
Of oil the chillr~n.
A few ceutsriea ago ono very soon
grows used to using The wogd-a hicA
/ wall surrounded tue Taos pueblo; Int
in this time Of pcace il has been allowed
to fall down in many places. Just be-
/ ycnd the town IL grove III saercl cot.
tonxools, lining the banks VI stream,
and which 10 rssorted to for tho cool
shade which u given there.
AT the northern end 81 the two piles
OF houses there are three deep caves,
entered by ladder through IN opening
| in the roof, where the secret councils
IN held. and where, il hcorsay il 20 10
trusted, the flame 70 Montexnma u
KEPT burning. The peculiarly Of the
pueblo consists in the angles ut which
the several houses are planted. and the
TACT that the entrances are by holes cut
in the roofs. Ladders take the place
Of stairs in all instances.
Ono climbs from tho ground "a the
first honse-t0p BY one ladder, and then
tiesccnds through hole in the roof 10
the interior; and another ladder Leads
10 the second terrace. 30 that the whole
pueblo 10 covered with . net work Of
stairways, up and down which the in.
mates Of the houses are CONTINUALLY
climbing. No sbode has over More
than two rooms, but both are equally
clean and comfortable, Tho wallis are
Of whitewashed adobc. and 90 10 The
roof and tho foss. In some instances .
narrow strip Of paint runs around the
lower part u Tho four valls, and tho
roof exposes the heavy timhers which
support il. The rooms as~ not over
eight BY ton feet in aixc and seven feet
in height. while in tho topmost houses
Ne cs6iine i too low 70 admit Of one
stAnding IN N upright position.
The younger children "a ths ruchlos
run naked. but The oldor oaes wear !
siuglc garment which but half hides
their brown-Aucd person beneath. The
women wear : short skirt. reaching
about 70 the knees. aud jacket which
IL caught over one shoulder and i
drawn across the breast under she
right arm. leaving the neck and ono
shoulder and good part Of the bosom
sxpooed. Over the head they invAri.
ahly wear . shawl. which ID kept in
place in come dexterous manner, no
matter what occupation tho woman
may Ire engaged in. The men wear
brooches and buckskin iacketa, and are
usually wrapped mp in blanket Of nav
Il NOsSs@s AssV 0AVNNAN0 ~ IA WV
and arc separated near the ioins, :
slsecchclouts or piece Of cloth ching.
ing closely % tho body hiding the
otherwise exposed person. Bucks wear
moccasins. but the women indulge ia
such luxnries only on fctc days, as which
time they also wear : more elaborate
dress Aud ornaments.
0allroAA NeasloeleA
| IDeu1prcsts AootAly.)
According TO the most recent statis-
tics, by the close Of this year tho United
States will have $4,000 miles OF rail.
way, which is 10000 miles more than
oil Europe combined. Should we con.
tinue building ID the present rate. in
6ve years timo we will have more miles
Of railway than all the rest Of the world
put together.
The wosld consunss 1000, 600 tons ol