davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Henry James's Reply to Charles Dudley
Wornor

Writing in the August Century, of
"Alphonse Daudet," Henry James Incl
1entally demurs, as follows, to Charles
Dudley Warmers assertion in his At
Gastic article on Modern Fiction" that
''the main object in the novel is to en-
tertain:' ''The word entertaining has
.wo or three shades of meaning; but in
whatever sense it is used / may say, in
parenthesis, that | do not agree with
Mr.. Warmers description of the main
object of the novel. | should put the
case differently; l should say that the
main object of the novel is to represent
life. l cannot understand any other
motive for combining imaginary Incl
1ents, and l do not perceive any other
measure of the ralue of such combina-
tons. The effect of novel-the effect
of any work of arts to entertain; but
that is a very different thing. The sue
cess of a work of art, to my mind, may
be measured by the degree to which it
produces certain illusion; that illusion
makes it appear to US for the time that
we have lived another life-that we have
had miraculous enlargement of our
experience. The greater the art, the
greater the miracle, and the more cer-
tain also the fact that we have been en-
tertained-in the best meaning of that
word, at least, which signifies that we
have been living at the expense of some
one else. am perfectly aware that to
say the object of novel is to represent
life does not bring the question to a
point so fine as to be uncomfortable for
any one. 1t is of the greatest impor-
tance that there should be very free
appreciation of such question, and the
definition l have limited at gives plenty
of scope for that. For, after all, may
not people differ infinitely as to what
constitutes life-what constitutes repre-
sentation? Some people hold that Miss
Austen represents. Others attribute
these accomplishment to the brilliant
''Ouida. )" Some people find that iliu-
sion, that enlargement of experience,
that miracle of living at the expense of
others, of which l have spoken, in the
novels of Alexander Dumas. Others
revel in them in the pages of Mr..
Howells."
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
The Farmer and Farming.

Every reasonable man knows that on
q prosperous agriculture depends the
wealth, the yigor and the virtue of
people. The farmers are in the main
the bulwarks of liberty and good gov
ernment Simple in habits, industrious,
humble, dependent more upon God than
man; their sons grow up manly and Wig
orous and their daughters modest and
VlrtuouS, and are not carried away with
the fashions and temptations of life. A
dollar made upon the farm by farm
er's boy is very different sort of dol
lar from one made in speculation or
clerking in a store or travelling as
drummer or from five dollar fee in
justice court, 1t lasts longer and has a
more solid ring. One Sunday suit is
enough for a farmers boy year or two
and one hat, and one parasol and one
pair of gloves will keep his sister or his
country sweetheart happy just as long.
There is freedom about farming that
no other occupation can boast. His
time is his own. He has no employer
and belongs to no man and can come
and go when he pleases. The pure air
and water are his, and the sweet south
flowers that perfume the meadows and
fields. | read the other day that Jay
Gould's son said the old man was going
to take a little Grip around the world to
look at it and if he liked it he intended
to buy it. We'll, of course, that was a
a kind of joke, but Jay Gould, with all
his money, can't buy contentment nor
create one gushing spring like mine.
But still the farmer is long suffering
man. He gets no encouragement ex-
cept what nature gives him. He gets
less protection and consideration than
any other class. He makes scanty
living by sweat and toll and gets pow
erof advice. He tries cotton and wheat
and fruit and truck of all kinds, and
the s1tor keeps telling him exactly how
to get rich, and he keeps pegging away,
but can't. The editors knows exactly
how to do it, and [ wish some of 'em
wosEd come out and show US. Farming
beats saw-mill on paper, but somehow
it don't pan out in the pocket.-BiU Arp
IN AtldntG Constitution.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Ahont College Honors,

There was some trouble at the last
commencement of the Vassar Female
College at Poughkeepsie, due to pro-
test from the members of the senior
class against the system of college hon.
ors and awards. 1t is the custom in
many institutions to mark students for
recitation, as well as in the closing ex-
aminatiens, and the honors are given to
the students having the highest number
of marks. The Vassar students con-
tended that this system is wrong, that
it places the girls in hurtful competition,
puts strain upon their nerves, often
Injuries their health. and in the end does
injustice to some of the best students.
This view is held by many distinguished
educators, and in the best universities
of Europe and America there is no
marking, nor are these so-called honors
given. The students who make the
greatest success in their professions and
in life are rarely those who achieve dis
tinction in college. A good verbal men,
Ory, and certain nimbleness of wit
often puts shallow student at the head
of his class. The Vassar seniors were
quite right. Speaking of this situation,
by the way, how strange it is that
after seventeen years its faculty
should be composed almost entirely of
men. All the officers are of the sterner
sex. Yet Vassar graduates more teach
ers than it does any other profession.
They must seek employment, however,
outside their alma mater. But the only
distinguished member of the faculty is
a woman-Maria Mitchell, the astron-
omer.-Denlorest
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
The Last Great Eclipse.

Ehe astronomers of all nations who
went to observe the eclipse of the sun
at the Caroline Island in the Pacific on
May g, had the rare good fortune to
have cloudless day on which to make
their observations. The results are said
to be very important. They found no
trace of planet between Mercury and
the sun, which it was suspected existed,
and which had been named Vulcan
The outer corona of the solar photo
sphere is now found to be due to refrac-
ton. 1t is said the spectrum revealed
lines which where undistinguishable by
the astronomers, and this means that
there are metals or other material sub
stances in the body of the sun which are
unknown to our planet, at least so far
as the discovery has ne.-Den,orest'
for Aat0zIst
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16

valley runs into the fringe, the fringe
into dense thicket, the thicket into rock
and pine and mountain slope. No eye
can penetrate that fringe. The Indians
may be in ambush there, or the horse
may have scented wolf or grizzly.
'.Forwardr'
No man knows what danger turks in
the fringe, but the order was to scout be-
yond the bend. To disobey is ignominy
and disgrace; to ride forward is-waitl
There is no air stirring in the valley.
Every limb and bough is still as if made
of iron. There is silence which weighs
like heavy burden, and the harsh note
of hawk and buzzard would be relief.
Here is the bend. The valley contin-
ues az before-no wider-no narrower
level and unbroken. The wild horse
was out of sight long ago, and the six
troopers see nothing but the green
grass as their eyes sweep the valley
from side to side.
Turn the bend and ride down the
valley for mile or so and keep your
eyes open to discover any pass leading
OUT
1t is more than mile beyond the
bend. No pass has been discovered.
No signs of trail have been picked up.
The sergeant has raised himself up for
a long and careful scrutiny, when an
exclamation causes him to turn his face
up the valley. Out from the fringe
ride the demons who have been lurking
there to drink blood. Five-ten- twen-
ty-ffty-the line has no end. 1t
stretches clear across the valley before
a word has been spoken. Then it faces
to the right and 200 Indians, in war
paint face the grim old sergeant and
his five troopers.
''Into line-right dressn'
1t is. the sergeant who whispers the
order. Six to 200, but we will face the
danger. To retreat down the valley is
to be overtaken one by one and shot,
from the saddle, or reserved for torture.
Down the valley there is no hope; up
the valley is the camp of rescue. The
two lines face each other for a moment
without movement.
Now, men, one volley-sling car
bines-draw sabres and charged
A sheet of t1ame-a roar-a cloud OF
smoke and six horses sprang forward.
Then there is grand yell, rush by
every horse and rider, and whirlpool
begins to circle. Sabres fash and
cling-arrows whistle-revolvers pop
voices shout and scream, and then the
whirlpool ceases. 1t is not three min
utes since the first carbine was fired,
but the tragedy has ended. Every
trooper is down and scalped, half doz-
en- redskins are dead or dying, a dozen
horses are struggling or staggering and
turning the bend at a mad gallop is the
sergeant's riderless horse. He carries
an arrow in his shoulder, and there is
blood on the saddle. In five minutes
he will be in camp, and the notes of the
bugle will prove that the lost trail has
been found
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Nv Cabinet.

have made small collection of
wild, Western things during the past
seven years and have put them togeth-
er, hoping some day when get feeble,
to travel with the segregation and erect
a large monument of kopecks for my
executors, administrators and assigns
forever.
Beginning with the skull of the old
Jack-and-the-game, Sioux brave, the
collection takes in my wonderful bird
known as the Walk-up-t -the-creek, and
another rara avis with carnivorous bill
and web feet which has astonished
every one except the taxidermisu and
myself. An old grizzly bear hunter
who has plowed corn all his life and
don't know coyote from Maverick
steer-looked at it last fall and pro-
nounced it a ''kingfsher;" said he had
killed one like it year ago. Then 1
knew that he was pilgrim and a
stranger and that he had bought his
buckSkin coat and bead-trimmed moe
casins at Niagara Falls. for the bird is
constructed of an eagles head, can
vas back ducks bust and feet, with the
balance sage hen and baled hay.
Last fall l desired to add to my rare
collection large hornets nest. / had
an embalmed tarantula and her porce-
lain-lined nest, and l desired to add to
these the gray and airy home of the
hornet. procured one of the large
size after cold weather and hung it in
the cabinet by 4 string. forgot about
it until this spring. When warm wealth
lo1 IS ~
l think it was hornet. He logged my
memory in some way and called my at
tentio1 to it. Memory is not located
where thought it was. II seemed as
though wherever he touched me he
awakened a memory-a warm memory
with red place all around it.
Then some more hornets came and
began to rake up old personalities. 1
remember that one of thom lit on my
upper lip. He thought it was a rose
bud. When he went away it looked like
gladiola bulb. l wrapped wet sheet
around it to take out the warmth and
reduce the swelling so that l could 90
through the folding doors and tell my
wife about it.
Hornets lit all over me and walked
AROUND Oh my person. ulu HoI uare
to scyape them off because they are
so sensitive. You have to be very
guarded in your conduct toward a
hornet.
/ remember once while | was watch
ing the busy little hornet gathering
honey and June bugs from the bosom
of rose, years ago, stirred him up
with a club, more as a practical joke
than anything else, and he came and lit
in my sunny hair-that was when I
wore my own hair-and he walked
around through my cleaning tresses
quite awhile, making tracks as large as
watermelon all over my head. If he
hadn't run out of tracks my head would
have looked like load of summer
squashes. remember had to thump
my head against the smoke-house in or
der to smash him, and / had to comb
him out afterward with fine comb and
massachusetts two weeks for a
Much has been said of the hornet, but
he has an odd, quaint way after all that
is forever new.-BiU Nye.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Shall we Prune in Autumn?

To the above question, which comes
from several subscribers, we say decid-
edly, yes, provided the question applies
to newly planted trees, those set last
spring, or within a few years. The
sooner such trees have their final shape
given to them, the better. This should
have been done when they were plant
ed, but between the hurry of spring
work and the timidity of the inexperi-
dBfaft ds t06 06RS RSsR set 5id sid t s9 as they come
from the nursery. Such trees must
sooner or later be put into their final
shape for bearing, and the sooner this
is done, the better. Some books on
fruit culture, the French especially, give
diagrams to show how the tree should
be shaped. These are well enough as
suggestions, but as no two trees grow
precisely alike, the only guides in such
matters are, general idea of the laws
which regulate tree growth, and COM
mon sense'in their application. Work
ing to pattern cannot be followed. If
one has young orchard, the first point
to be considered is the hight at which
he will make the head of bis trees. In
localities where the summer is long and
hot, it is claimed that low heads Shade
the trunk, and thus are a benefit 9th
ers wish to have their heads high
enough to allow of the passage of teams
beneath them, if need be. While there
Is no objection to cultivating crops in a
young orchard, and indeed it is better
to do this than to neglect the soil en-
tirely, the practice is becoming more
general of seeding the bearing orchard
to clover, and using it as a pasture for
swine, to the mutual benefit of pigs and
trees. The hight of the heads being de-
cided upon, all branches that start be-
low this should be removed. The next
point should be, to secure an open and
well-balanced head, with the main
branches evenly disposed. Beyond this,
ali branches that crowd, or cross one
another, AL "water shoots,'' vigorous
growths, that sometimes start up in the
growing season, should. be cut away.
The seasons growth being completed,
the removal of branches at this time
will cause no check, and as the branch
es to be cut away are all small, no large
wounds will be exposed. Hence we say,
by all means do such pruning in au-
tumn, while the weather is mild. and
other farm work is not pressing. Anaer-
scan AgrtcuItursSt for AuguSt.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Ipgersoll on Death.

The following lines are an extract
taken from letter written by Col In
gersoll from Long Beach to personal
friend who had suffered bereavement
in the death of his mother:
''After all there is something tenderly
appropriate in the serene death of the
old. Nothing is more touching than
the death of the young, the strong. But
when the duties of life have all been
nobly done-when the sun touches the
horizon-when the purple twilight falls
upon the present, the past and future
when memory with dim eye can scarce
ly spell the records of the vanished DAYS
then, surrounded by kindred and by
friends, death comes like strain of
music. The days had been long, the
road weary, and we gladly stop at the
inn.
Life is a shadowy, strange and
winding road, on which we travel for a
little way-a few short steps, just from
the cradle with its lullaby of love to the
low and quiet wayside inn. where all at
last must sleep and where the only sal
utation is goodnight.
NEARLY forty-eight years ago, under
the snow in the little town of Cazenovia,
my poor mother was buried. | was but
two years old. 1 remember her as she
looked in death. That sweet, cold face
has kept my heart warm through all the
years"
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Model Mothers-in-Law.

A Mobile mother-in-law presented
her daughters husband with a house
and lot.
A Massachusetts mother-in-law made
a will in favor of her sons wife, and
died within two weeks afterward
A Manhattan mother-in-law gives her
son-in-law all the money he wants to
spend, simply because he is such good
husband.
A Manassas mother-in-law never gets
angry at her daughter-in-law and never
tells her how to cook.
A Milwaukee mother-in-law always
kisses her soE-in-law whenever she visits
him. She thinks he likes it.
A Minnesota mother-in-law sends her
daughter-in-law a jug of fresh milk and
bas ket of eggs every day. Since she
has done this her son has sold his COW
and killed his chickens. .-Neao York
Journal
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16

[ HAVE been afflicted for twenty years,
during the months of August and Sep
tember, with Hay Fever, and have tried
various remedies without relief. I was
induced to try Ely's Cream Balm; have
used it with favorable results, and can
confidently recommend it to all similarly
afflicted. ROBERT W. TowNLEY, Tex
Meyor) Elizabeth, N. J.
have been Hay Feger sufferer for
three years; have often heard Ely's
Cream Balm spoken of in the highest
terms; did not take much stock in it
because of the many quack medicines.
A friend persuaded me to try the Balm.
and l did so with wonderful success.
This recommend dation you can use for
the benefit of Hay Fever sufferers. II.
s. GEER, Syracuse, N. Y. Price 20
cents. l6
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
An "On for an "En E.

At an editorial convention the con-
versation turned on typographical er-
rors. OF couse every man present who
had welded Faber for the purpose of
lifting struggling humanity into the up
per strata, where the dazzling rays of
the bright sun of knowledge should il
lume the path, ETC., mad some reminis-
cence about certain typographical er-
rors. Joe Peters, of the Blowstown
Bugle, finally got the floor. Gentle
men," said he, ''see this scar across my
cheek as big as a horseshoe; see this
crevasse in my nose whence portion
has been extracted; see the remaining
half inch of my right ear; examine this
hand and wonder what became of the
thumb and fourth finger; look at this
stiff leg. All this is the result of get
ting an ''o'' where an "e" ought to be.
l had occasion to report case in Squire
Fields Office and the evidence of one of
the witnesses did not tally very well
with the others. This was big, burly
man, livery stable keeper, who might
be able to get away with Sullivan.
incidentally remarked that the witness
was veracious man. Well, gentle
men, when the BugIe came out the in
telligent compositor and the equally in
telligent proof-reader mad got it vora-
cious. The livery man saw it before |
did, and walked straight into the Office,
and without speaking a word he seized
me by the hand and broke my fingers
so they had to be amputated; then he
jabbed me against the wall with force
enough to knock out my front teeth,
stopping to inquire whether | still
thought he was voracious. Before /
could answer he bit off a piece of my
ear, and asked if | took him for the fool
who undertook to eat eighteen goose
eggs in eighteen hours. Then he slam
med me against the imposing stone and
broke my leg, and mildly inquired if he
looked like man who would make a
bet to assimilate brace of quail every
day for six weeks. Before | could re-
cover from that assault he landed an
iron inkstand against my jaw-bone, with
the query whether anybody had told me
that he was the party who could digest
peck of raw oysters at a sitting. As
a parting salute he bit piece out of my
nose and left. After the doctor had
gathered together what there was left of
me and set my broken bones, / asked
for copy of the Bugle and discovered
what it was that had made him mad
'tDid you sue him for damages?" ask
ed the crowd.
''Not at all. said Peters. 81 had got
more damages than wanted already"
OIL City Derrick.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
Sunrise in England and America.

1t was not England, neither was it
quite France; yet like enough either to
seem natural in my eyes. And it was
in the sky, and not upon the earth, that
I was surprised to find change. Ex-
plain it how you may, and for my part
| cannot explain it at all, the sun rises
with different splendor in America and
Europe. There is more clear gold and
scarlet in our old country mornings;
more purple, brown and smoky orange
in those of the new. 1t may be from
habit, but to me the coming of the day
is less fresh and inspiriting in the latter;
it has a duskier glory, and more nearly
resembles sunset; it seems to tit some
substantial evening epoch of the world,
as though America were in fact, and
not merely in fancy, further from the
orient of Aurora and the springs OF
day. | thought so then, by the railroad
side in Pennsylvania, and l have thought
so dozen times since in far distant
parts of the continent. If it be an illu-
sion, it is one very deeply rooted, and
in which my eyesight is accomplice.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1883-08-16
WHOLE NO. 1902.
The Vain Old Woman.

There was once an old woman so
very poor that she had no house, but
lived In a hollow tree. One day she
found piece of money living in the
road. Full of joy at her good fortune,
she began to consider what she should
buy with the money.
If | get anything to eat,' she said to
herself, Il shall quickly devour it, and
that will be the end of the matter. That
will not do at all If | buy clothes, peo-
pie will call me proud, and that will
not do; and besides have no closet to
keep them in. All! / have it! / will
buy broom, and then everybody that
| meet will think l have a house. A
broom is the thing. A broom it shall be- "
So the old woman went into the next
town and bought a broom. She walked
proudly along with her purchase, look
ing about her all the time to sec if peo-
pie noticed her and looked envious
thinking of her house. But as no one
seemed to remark her, she began to be
discontented with her bargain.
docs everybody have house except
mep" she said to herself, Grossly. Il
wish / had bought something else''
Presently she met man carrying a
small jar of OIL
''This is what l wantr' exclaimed the
old woman; anybody can have
house, but only the truly rich can have
oil to light it with
So she bartered her broom for the oil,
and went on more proudly than ever,
holding the jar so that all could see it.
Still she failed to attract any particular
notice, and she was once more discon-
tented. As she went along moodily she
met woman with a bunch of large
flowers.
''Here, at last, have what / want"
the old woman thought. ''If | can get
these, all that see me will believe | am
just getting my house ready for bril-
liant party. Then they'll be jealous, l
hope"
So when the woman with the flowers
came close to her, she offered her oil
for them, and the other gladly made the
change.
NOW L am indeed fortunate!' she
said to herself. ''Now / am somebody!"
But still she failed to attract atten-
ton, and, happening to glance at her
old dress, it suddenly occurred to her
that she might be mistaken, for SER
want carrying flowers for her master.
She was so much vexed by the thought
that she flung the bouquet into the
ditch, and went home to her tree emp
ty-handed.
''Now | am well rid of it all,' she
said to herself.-Adapted from the Ger
man. bu drlO Bntes an ST NicboI1s