davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

PRACTICE AGAINST TnEoRY.-I have
seen SO much theory written in favor OF
fiat hills for corn, that feel constrained to
give you my practice against theory. The
writer has Experimental with high hills,
against fat hills, in three different states,
namely: Ohio, Massachusetts and New
hampshire. Ny plan of operation, was
as follows: At wedding time, | selected
five rows through the field, the middle
row to guard against robbing the nat nils
of their proper nourishment, the two on
either side, for experiment; l counted the
stalks in the rows and made them equal
in number. Hoed three times during the
season. The fiat hills were treated to n
thorough stirring and pulverizing, while
the HIGH hills were being hilled up at
each hoeing. The last time hoeing, the
earth was piled up around the corn like
coal pits. The corn had then just com.
menced to show the tassels. L gathered
the corn when fully ripe, and weighed 1t.
The result in Ohio in 1912 was 20 per cent
in favor of the high hill. In Massachusetts
in 1860, % per cent. In New Hampshire
in 1870, 30 per cent. Now ye men oil
theory for flat hills, if you have got any
statistics in favor of fiat hills, trot them
out; | want to see them. always use
Landslide pillow among my corn. l am
never troubled with the leaves rolling and
drying up. The drier the ground is the
deeper pillow. My yield of corn is from
60 to so bushels per acres. d. WeSIon
IN n. &. Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06
VITAL QUESTIONS.

Ask the most eminent physician
Of any school, what is the best thing in
the world for quieting and allaying all
irritation Of the nerves and curing all
forms of nervous complaints, giving
natural, chidlike refreshing sleep always,
And they will tell you unhesitatingly,
Some form of Hops!'
CHAPTER /.
Ask any Or all of the most eminent ply
sicians:
What is the best and only remedy that
can be relied on to cure all diseases of the
kidneys and urinary organs, such as
Bright's disease, diabetes, retention or in.
ability to retain urine, and all the diseases
and ailments peculiar to women
And they will tell you explicitly and
emphatically, " Buchu."
Ask the same physicians:
What is the most reliable and surest
cure for all liver diseases or dyspepsia,
constipation, indigestion. biiousness
malarial fever, ague, etc., and they will
tell YOU:
Mandrake or Dandelionn'
Hence, when these remedies are com,
bined with others equally valuable,
And compounded into Hop Btters, such
wonderful and mysterious curative power
| is developed, which is. so varied in it,
operations that no disease or i'll healtl
can possibly exist or resist its power, ant
yet it is harmless for the most frail wo
man, weakest invalid, or smallest child tt
use.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06
The Care of Wooden Utensils Used in
The Dairy.

In every dairy 1t is necessary to use
wooden utensils in and for certain por-
lions of the work and how to take care OF
them to secure the best results is matter
of considerable Importance. The churn,
butter worker, paddles, stamps and butter
bowl should be of wood. No amount OF
care or precaution that we have ever seen
will prevent butter or cream from sticking
10 n metal surface. And it will stick to
wood Just as well, under some conditions
much more persstently than to metal.
Wood is porous,a and when seasoned, has in
addition multitudes of season cracks OF
larger or smaller size. If the butter is
brought in contact with the wood in this
condition, these cracks and pores of the
wood are filled with grease, which swel!s
the wood, closes the spaces and there it is
confined to stay and decomposc, and that
utensil is unfit for use in a dairy which
aims at first class products. 1t is a law OF
nature that two substances cannot fill the
same space at the same time, so if one
fills the cracks of the wood with water the
grease cannot penetrate the wood. The
same principle is drought 10 use in litho
graphy. A porus stone of fine grain has
drawn on it the matter designed to be
printed, in oily ink, which fills the pores
of the stone where it is applied. When an
impression is wanted, the face of the stone
is wet with water, which fills the stone
where the ink has not been applied and
then the ink roller passing over the sur
face will leave ink only where the ink had
been applied before the water, the water
filling the other parts so the ink finds nc
place to stop. So with the wood. Filled
with water, tho oil of the butter finds nc
place in the wood. The best way to wet
the wood is to pour on, or dip into ho1
water, which quicker fills and swells the
surface wood, and then wash in cold water
till the heat is all taken out. After use
the utensils should be thoroughly washed
and scalded before they are put away ane
SQOulu not W beL Ill VIC sun W I'll y, IL
that will cause them to warp and crack
II paddles and stamps or moulds are in
clined to crack they may be kept in brine
or if washed in strong brine and set ava.
into the dairy, it will prevent it as salt ha
strong affinity for moisture. A woodel
utensil to which the butter will stick Will
using, is not in a fit condition to use, TO
the grease is penetrating the wood ant
will remain there to become rancid an
decay, and will impart its odor to all tn
butter it comes in contact with.
Of course all the makers of first elias
butter understand, and have acted npol
the knowledge of these facts, but pc hap
some have not thought it Of much import
ance except the bother of the butter
sticking, but that is the very least of tn
trouble, and the best butter is not possibl
where this matter is not carefully ATTENDED
to, for it is one of the conditions @
cleanliness, the first and greatest essenta
of first class dairying, for without ceanl
ness, good butter is impossible, no matte
how perfect the other conditions, and wit
it good butter can be made though som
of the other conveniences be lacking.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

embers always to put in the gue s, s. ,oTm
n anal work basket with neeuiui S S1w Il
~ terials and hutton hoos' ms hs,HS
really luxury when home comfort ho'''
fast to home art. .L.;ro There
I have said nothing OF chairs. o ihe 1or
0bnuld he one large and strong enough io h
anv mans comfort, and one low e ,l,oosa
for child. They may be what you up p,es S,d
IT. If strong and unpretentious. The ola
fashioned rush bottomed chairs are goo s,
i ror common use in bedrooms, but let them then
i he made comfortable with cushions cover !,
cd with chintz, matching in color the peu
and bureau ornamentation: o;uoa
"" A screen is very useful in a good sizeu
bedroom. 1t may hide the bed by gay,
making it more like q sitting room. II
NAV screen off a portion as dresslnS
room. 1t is picturesque wherever you Pud'
II and can be folded and placed behna
the door at night if you wish. AS ior :, In, ~,
walls of your room, do not think you ,t mus :
cover " them at once with something
Wait till YOU can buy a picture you know
is beautiful. One can always 60 without.
hut to face a poor thing daily and OF
sorry you bought it, is ha rd.-DemoreS
Monthly.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

INEXPENSIVE PRETTY TuINGs.-First,
q reajlv pretty table cover can be made
something like old fashioned patchwork
If ei,her SILK or cretonne. The pieces are
,bont five inches square, seven squares
each wav make the cover. The seams
are hid by narrow black velvet or braid.
This NAV be tackled on with fancy stitching
if one likes The edges are finished in
various ways; some having cretohhe
border of roses, etc, or strips OF prald OF
all colors, each piece OF uniform ien9tn'
and merely hemmed to prevent pulling up
or raveing. the strip should be iour or
five inches long, and makes graceful
and pretty finish, although anything OF
the nature of fringe is not now as fashion,
able as plain borders. An enterprlslng
dry goods dealer in Newport hit upon the
idea of selling cretonne pictures IN TINS
way. Some cretonne, representing very
pretty Vatican scenes, was put so each
picture was complete. The pieces were
about yard wide and three 'tourths OF
ward long. These were sold for twenty
five cents each. OF course many bought
them without any idea as to what they
could be used for; but they were utilized
in various ways. One lady tackled hers
into an ancient gilded frame. and hid an
ugly, but in winter very useful, fireplace
with it. Another, much happier idea,
was to have Il very simple frame made OF
pine for screen; the feet alone being
stained and polished. Over the frame was
tackled the cretonne picture with a lining
of dark red French satinet and box
plating of braid finished the edges; this
made a lovely screen for chamber or
nursery use. 70 put few stitches of silk
in appropriate coors into the costumes of
the figures adds not little to the whole
effect. This gives one very useful
little article of furniture at very trifllns
expense.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06
Studying Farming.

How many young men ever think OF
practical farming with some
successful farmerp An old farmer-he
was old in experience rather than years
called on us the other day, and talked an
hour of his experience in draining lands'
raising sheep and horned cattle; the
breeds he had kept, and the best for such
and such purposes; of his experiments
with the several varieties of apples; OF
how he "learned the poultry business,
ETC., etc.
Now, is it going far out of the way to
say that not one young man In hunareu,
who to-day proposes to follow farming the
rest of his life, seriously thinks OF gong
out to live year or two with one OF these
practical farmers, so as to learn the
business. When young man proposes
to follow the law or medicine as proies'
sion, he goes to some good lawyer or
ply stefan and spends a year or two in
''readng" law or medicine. Now, why
should not wide.awake, energetic,
ambitious young man study farming with
some practical farmer who tried all these
experimental We think at the end OF
one or two years the young man would
know absolutely more of practical farming
than he would learn by himself in ten
years. In other words, be would start
out as young farmer nearly where the
older man, of whom he learned, stands
to-day. If the young man makes
success he has got these things to learn
and learn by experience, too, and why
not study with some good, practical,
thorough fhrmer-go and work on his
farm as hired man. We found a
graduate of the Massachusetts agricultu.
raj college a few years ago as the hired
man of practical, successful, thorough
farmer, studying farming. We met a
young agent of the French government
studying farming in America in the same
way. He had worked with practical
farmers in the great cheese regions OF
New York, with the cattle men on the
plains, and was on his way to the frontier
for further study. Think of it, young
men !-FarnerS' ReUteU.
Which we have for long time
advocated. A trade or art is only learned
by practice, an that is why we have
considered agricultural colleges a msno-
mcr. They are or may be scientific
schools where the necessary preparation
for the easiest and most thorough learning
of the trade may be best secured, then
when you have laid the foundation then tc
gain the knowledge, or learn the trade
What kind of Roadway would one make
in learning printing at school where
there was no cease" or blacksmithine
from the study of mincralogy, where there
was no forge or fire.
No. Scientific and technical schools
have their uses, indispensable ones, but Il
is not one of them to turn out farmers
and those who expect it are barking W
the wrong tree. Boys prepare yourselves
as we'll as possible for your future life
then learn your trade where it is to b'
learned, on the spot.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

The great island of New Guinea, which
has recently been annexed to the English
government of Queensland, is the third
largest island in the world, and lies i'm
mediately south of the equator, between
the Indian and Pacific oceans. Its length
is about 1900 miles, its breadth from 40 to
400 miles, and the whole area of the
island, 274,O0O square miles, is one third
greater than that of France. The climate
of the island is remarkable for humidity,
and the vegetation is luxuriant, covering
the surface with magnificent forests. The
natives appear to form large number of
distinct tribes, those in the western portion
of the island--lhe Papuans proper-being
apparently Malays or Polynesians, while
the people of East New Guinea are of a
light copper color, active and slight of
limb. Much of the coast line is fringed
with coral reefs, within which are several
good harbors; other portions present bold
Gifts rising several thousand feet from the
shore, while The interior becomes still
more mountainous. The island produces
tropical fruits, yams. sweet potatoes. In
dian corn and sugar cane. AS yet the
whole interior of this vast island is unex
plored and not till now been claimed by
any civilized state.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

How TO MAKE BEST BEDROOM"
may be used in the bedroom on bed
hangings, bed spreads, covers for
bureaus and wash stands, sash
curtains, bookcase curtains, and for table
splashers back of the washstand. Bed
spreads may be embroidered deliberately
on Indian silk with years of work in them,
and they may be embroidered simply on
heavy, linen shecting. These bed covers
may be washed almost as easily rs linen
sheet, and are suitable for people of mod
crate means and fit for actual use. AT
present, bedspreads are made long enough
10 come up over the low pillows, covering
them completely, and thus doing away
with the use of pillow shams, which were
ALWAYS an offence. Bed spreads are now
woven with colored lines and borders for
those who wish color but cannot have the
embroidery.
Chintz is pretty, cheap and suitable for
many simple bedroom. If embroidery
is used for bed cover or bed hangings it
must harmonic with that used in other
parts of the room, with the embroderles
on the bureau or about the wash stand.
A window-box in summer outside the
window is little care, and adds not only
cheerfulness to the bedroom butts an orna
ment TO the outside of the house and a
pleasure 10 the passer-by.
Every bedroom should have a place for
at least few books. Don't think the
best bedroom needs only Bible. a prayer
book and a book of religious meditation.
These need not be omitted. but let there
be a few books of light easy reading, the
last poem, or good novel to come before
the afternoon nap of the tired visitor.
Let there be a table or desk large
enough to write or work at. The table or
desk may OF may not be ornamented, but
it should be large enough to be comfortable
aud homely table covered with books
and writing materials has a homelike look
that is better than ornament, for it means
use. 1t is not hospitable to compel guest
to write his letters on an unsteady writing
case resting on the knee with a spring
inkstand placed insecurity on the window
ledge. Let there be a table or desk, with
pc nholder, pens and inkstand freshly filed.
moderate supply of paper and envelopes
may also prove not useless courtesy.
have gratefully in mind one hostess,
who, beside the needful writing materials, !
vase of flowers, and pleasant book, rem.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

BUTTER PACKAGES Every season the
demand for butter in small and easily
handled packages for family use steadily
increases, and the devices TO satisfy that
demand are almost numberless. The
average citizen who buys but few
pounds at time, is no longer satisfied to
carry home from the city market or
village grocery. a misshapen, triangular
chunk, which won't pack anyhow, cut
from II tub" which has stood on the
counter or in the refrigerator and has
been tasted, tested and sampled in that
vigorously nasty way which we are all
familiar with, by II score of customers
before him What the customer wants is
n package of small weight, say fro.l five
to ten pounds, that shah keep its contents
clean, that is of good shape foH carrying
home, and will permit the butter to be
removed in an attractive form for the
table, and that can be put into pantry or
refrigerator without wasting room, What
the producer wants, in addition, is that
the package shall be inexpensive, easily
made anywhere, of such shape that there
shall be no waste room in packing a
number of them together, and, above all,
not hampered with patents or royalties.
which. however they may serve to protect
the inventor, are dead certain to be a
nuisance to everybody else. The round
wooden boxes are going out of favor for
two reasons: first, they waste room in
packing, and second, it is utterly impos
sible to do one of them up in paper so as
make a halfway decent looking bundle
for the purchaser to take home. The
pasteboard, or rather strawboard, box, is
too flimsy; the tin pail, which en- oyed a
brief period If popularity, too expensive
to throw away, and not expensive enough
to be worth returning, except Tor very
short distances; the box made of thin
veneer is not procurable everywhere, and
demands special machinery for its manu-
facture, and the square box, with sliding
cover, seems evidently to be the only
thing there is left.
This form presents many advantages
the boxes are cheap, about Sc per hundred
for five pound boxes; they keep theil
contents clean; six, eight or twelve o
them may be packed in case, without
waste room their contents may be easily
examined By the consumer; and one o
them makes a good handy package t.
carry home. Mr.. o. M. Tinkham, secre
tary of the Vermont Dairymen's Associa
ton, has devised some improvements
however, in the square box package
First, instead of lining his boxes will
, muslin, he uses certain kind of brow
paper, which is odorless and tasteless, an,
does not permit the taste of the wood t.
be communicated to the butter, and more
over costs much less than muslin
, Second, the case in which these boxes ar
packed, and which may be made to hol
any convenient number, is lined through
out with layer Of folting half an inc
thick, such MS is used to protect stear
t pipes and boilers. This excludes tn
heat from the outside and renders
possible even in the hottest of weather
to transport the boxes over two c
three days journey in an ordinary ca
without ice, provided the outer cases az
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

Farmers who scrimp the manure they
put on their fields, or are tempted to cover
more territory than their piles will war
rant may be startled into II realizing
sense of their short sightedness by this
advice from so practical and successful
a gardener as Peter Henderson: "Well
rotted stable manure is procurable at n
cost not exceeding So per ton delivered,
and whether from horses or cows il is
preferable to any concentrated fertilizer.
Rotted stable manure, to produce full
crops, should be spread on the ground
not less than three inches thick four mar
ket gardeners use from 80 to IS tons OF
well rotted stable manure per acre when
no concentrated fertilizer is usedD, and
should be we'll mixed with the soil"
When so tons per acre are applied, it is at
the rate of 29-l00 pounds to the foot ;
when rs tons are applied, it is a little over
three pounds to the foot
Just what we believe in theory and try
to come as near to in practise rs we can.
And hence, we believe that one man whom
we heard recommend but four or five
loads of manure to the acre, as all that
could be economically applied for the
present growing crop was all wrong.
No, heavy manuripg and thorough cultiva'
ton, for the largest crops.
I
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06
Narrowing.

Some weeks ago we said our say on
the importance of good blowing, and now
we have few words to offer on the
work which naturally follows, viz: the
harrow. The natural tendency in harrow
inc is tc wards better and more thorough
cultivation, and it is necessarily SO,
because the increas. CT population, the
competition Of western prairies Of fresh
unsown soil, the loss of the virgin fertility
of our own soils compel it, if we make
living. The tools we have show this.
In our younger days, if man had an
eleven piketoothed harrow he was con
sidered well fixed, and it answered the
purpose tolerably well, in the condition
the soil was then. Soon followed the
various share harrows, great improve
ment on the others in both amount and
quality of work performed. Then came
the disc harrows, and these are still an
improvement in both quantity and quality
of work and also in doing it with the
least amount of power. The tendency of
the spike harrow is TO pack the soil, while
a wheel harrow, cutting down into it,,
lifts it us the disc turns, and lets it fall
light and friable, covering the manure far
better than anything else we have ever
used. We have Just finished putting in
our corn on land MANFRED after blowing
and narrowed with a sixteen inch La Dow
harrow, and we have never planted on
land so well prepared, both for linencss of
filth and for the thorough covering and
incorporation of the manure with the soil,
though there are particles of the manure
still on the surface but the abundant rains
we think will make this available for this
years crop, though for dry season and
light soil we are inclined to the blowing
in of the manure unless it can be more
finely and evenly spread than is usual.
We believe we shall continue to give
more and more attention to tillage, to
greater care in the preparation of our soil
for crops and OF course new implements
will be brought out for the better anc
easier uOluS vi lhO WI n, "hu '" u Sh''i " }
to keep up with the implements as far a
our purse will permit, but as yet our LII
Dow suits us first rate, and we can rid
and do more work with no more labo
for the team than where we walked besid
the old share harrow, which saves on
bones good deal.
In theory, we would like the manur
spread fine and even Just about three on
four inches under the surface of the soil i
which condition it would be available 70
the crop the whole season through, but
spread on the sward and turned under tn
roots of the corn will not reach it and hav
the benefit of it till late in the season, an
if spread on the surface such of it n
remains there dries up and is positivel
of no value to the present crop. So it
of great importance that the fertilize
should be thoroughly incorporated in tn
four or six inches Of the SOIL for the be'
and most economical use of the preser
growing crop.
Brother farmers, what isyour theor
and practice?
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

We have received several copies of the
Farmers Reuiev published in Chicago
and edited by Rev. L. B. Hubbard formerly
of Vermont, and the Ludlow Tribune
When Mr.. Hibbard sold out the Tribune
he moved to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and
took charge Of church there, but has
now gone into the newspaper field again
We wish him success and the Review is
a neat, well-printed, newsy sheet.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06

kept closed. the butter reaching the
market harder and in better condition
than when sent in ordinary boxes
in q refrigerator Car. These outer
cases are returnable to the shipper, and
NAV be used over and over again. Mr..
Tinkham has taken no patent on his
invention, but his brother dairymen in
Vermont are showing their appreciation
of it in the most practical way by putting
it into very extensive use, and Messrs.
Pope e. Watson of Burlington are manu-
featuring the boxes and cases in almost
unlimited numbers.-N o. Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1883-06-06
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT

Wa invita- for this column contributions from our
lady readers to make 1t such as shall BIO OF value
and interest to them Any topic Of domestic eoonon
which may suggest itself to them may be dlS'usAo.'
and we hope this feature will prove SUCCESSFUL ahu III
additional attraction to our readers. A..
Contributions should no sent to the Editor OIL 'n'
Agricultural Department.