The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1883-12-13

COURTS. These provisions are chiehy contained
N the act of February 20, 1855, though some OF
hem were introduced into that act from
statutes which had been passed many years
PREVIOUS. 1t is manifest that such compensa-
ion as might, when these laws were enacted,
have been Just and reasonable, would in many
Instances be justly regarded at the present
iav as fnadeoIlate I concur with the AttOr-
ney-General in the belief that the statutes
should be revised by which these ices are reg
ATTORNEYS AND NARsHALs' FEES.
So. too. should the laws which regulate the
com nsatiOn Of District Attorneys and Mar
shals. They should be paid wholly by salaries
Instead of in part by fees, as IS now the case:
economy and would discourage the institution
Of needless and oppressive legal proceedings
stances been conducted for the mere sake of
PENSION FRAUDS.
Much interesting and varied information is
contained in the report of the Secretary of the |
Interior. j particularly call your attention TO /
his presentation of certain phases of the In /
dian question; to his recommendations for /
the repeal of the presumption and timber cur /
ture acts, and for more stringent Legislation /
The statutes which prescribed the definitions /
and punishmentss Of crimes relating 70 PEN
siOus could doubtless be made more eHect1Ve /
by certain amendments and additions which /
are pointed o1tin the Secretary's report
ILLITERACY.
] have previously referred to the alarming |
state of fllfteracy in certain portions OF the |
country and again submit for the considera- |
ton of Congress whether some Federal aid |
ton wherever adequate provision therefor
has not already been made.
UTAH POLYGAATY.
The Utah Commission has submitted to the
Secretary Of the Interior its second annual re-
port-the result of its iabors in supervising
the recent election in the Territory, pursuant
to the act of March % 1882. 1t appears that !
the persons by that act d1squal1ned, 70 the
number Of about i, OOOwere excluded from the
polls. This fact, however, affords little cause
for cOngratulation and fear that II IS far from
indicating any real and substantial progress |
toward the exit rpatiOn of pOlygamy- All or
the members of the Legislature are Normons.
There is grave reason to believe that they are
in sympathy with the practices that the GOV
eminent is seeking TO suppress, and that its
efforts in that regard will be more likely 70
encounter their opposition than receive tne!r
announcement and support. Even If this
view should happily be erroneous, the law
under which the commissioners have been
acting should be made more effective Dy the
incorporation of some such stringent meas
bill No. 2,25S on the calendar or the senate az
its last session. ! am convinced, however, that
pOlygamy has become so strongly intrenched
in the Territory of Utah that IT IS prontless 20
attack it with any but the stoutest weapons
which constitutional legislation can fashion
favor, therefore, the repeal OF the act = poh
the existing Government depends the assump-
ton by the National Legislature of the entire
political control of the territory ana the es-
adjustment of commission with such pow
ers and duties as shall be delegated to it by
CATTLE DISEASE.
The Department of Agriculture is accom-
plishing much in the direction of the agricul-
3
port of the Commissioner, giving the results
of his investigation and experiments, viii be
found interesting and valuable. At his in
stance, a convention or those interested IN
the cattle industry of the country was lately
held at Chicago. The prevalence of pleuro-
pneumonia and other contagious diseases of
animals was one of the chief topics OF discus
sion. A committee of the eonEention will in
causes of these diseases and providing meth
DDS for their prevention and cure.
ALASKA.
foil OFT fs
ent session TO put Alaska under the protec-
ton of law. Its people have repeatedly re-
mOnstrated against our neglect TO afford them
the maintenance and protection expressly
guaranteed by the terms of the treaty where
by that Territory was ceded to the United
states. For sixteen years they have pleaded
in vain for that which they should have receiv-
ed without the asking. They have no laws for
the collection of debts, the support Of educa-
ton the conveyance OF property, the admin
istration of estates or the enforcement OF
contracts. None, indeed, for the punishment
of criminals, except such as offend against
certain customs, commerce and navigation
The resources of Alaska, especially in fur,
mines and lumber, are considerable in extent
and capable of large development, while
its geographical situation is one of political
and commercial Importance. The promptings
of interest therefore, as well as consldera-
lions of honor and good faith, demand the i'm
mediate establishment of civil government in
that Territory.
Controlling RAILWAYS.
Complaints have lately been numerous and
urgent that certain corporations controlling,
in whole or in part, the facilities for the inter
State carriage of persons and merchandise
over the great railroads of the country have
sresorted in their dealings with the public to
divers measures unjust and oppressive in their
character. In some instances the State Gov
ernments have attacked and suppressed these
/ evils, but in others they have been unable to
l. afford adequate relief because of the jurisdic
ti0nal limitations which are imposed upon
/ them by the Federal Constitution The ques-
ton how far the National Government may
| lawfully interfere in the premises, and what,
If any, supervision or control 1t ought to exer-
Grafton. While can not fail to recognize
the Importance of the vast railway systems of
/ fluences upon the development of our ma
terial wealth, we should on the other
hand remember that no individual and no
corporation ought to be invested with absolute
power over the interest of any other citizen or
corporations to award and profitable return
upon their investments and to reasonable free
dom in their regulations must be recognized,
but it seems only Just that so tar as 1ts consul,
tutiOnal authority will permit, Congress should
protect the people at large in their interstate
/ traffic against acts of injustice, which the
State Governments are powerless to prevent
| FOREST PROTECTION.
| In my last annual messageI called attention
to the nec9 tb OF PF45eG5g 3y t STi9
i lie domain In many portions of the West the
pursuit of general agriculture Is only made
/ practicable by resort to irrigation, while sue
/ cessful irrigation would be impossible with
/ out the aid afforded by forests in contributing
/ to the regularity and constancy OF supply or
i water.
/ During the past year severe suffering and
( great loss of property have been OccasiOned by
/ profuse floods, followed by periods of unusu-
I ally low water in many of the great rivers of
i the country. These irregularities were in a
/ great measure caused by the removal from
/ about the sources of the streams in question
i of the timber by which the water supply had
| been nOurished and protected. The preser-
walton of such portion of the forests on the
national domain as essentially contribute to
the eQuable flow of important water courses
I is of the highest consequence. Important
] tributaries of the MissOuri-the Columbia and
| the acknowledgements in the mountains of
Montana near the northern boundary of the
I United States, between the Blackfeet and
/ Flathead Indian Reservations. This region is
unsuitable for settlement, but upon the rivers
/ cultural development of a vast tract of coun-
/ try. The attention of Congress is called to
/ the necessity of withdrawing from the public
/ sale this part of the public domain and estab-
/ fishing there forest preserve.
THE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITIONS
\ which have been held in the United States
I during the present year attracted attention
7 in many foreign countries where the an
! nOuncement of those enterprises had been
made public through the foreign agencies of
\ this Government. The industrial Exhibition
/ of Boston and the Southern Exhibition of
4 Louisville were largely attended by the exhib-
/ itOrs of foreign countries, notwithstanding
Z the absence of any professional Characters
] tics IN those undertakings. The Centennial Ex-
position to be held next year at New Orleans in
commemoratiOn of the centenary of the first
/ shipment of cotton from a port of the United
I States bids fair TO meet with like gratifying
I succese. Under the act OF Congress of the
~ NIfnffn f4s1rN AT