davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
A Remarkable Cave.

An article in the Century is descrip-
ton of Devonshire, entitled "The Fair
est County in England" by Francis
George Heath. OF Kent's cavern, in
the vicinity of Torquay, n remarkable
cave, consisting of great excavation in
the Devonian limestone, the writer says:
1t is entered by narrow passage some
seven feet wide and only i've feet in
height. The central cavern, which is
almost 600 feet long, has IA number of
smaller caverns or corridors leading out
from it. Its farther extremity is ter
minated by deep pool OF water. In the
bed of this cavern modern research has
been rewarded by some deeply interest
ing discoveries. Over the original earth
bottom of the cave is bed or layer of
considerable thickness, in which are con-
tanned strange mixtures of human bones
with the bones of the elephant and the
rhinoceros, the hyena, the bear and the
wolf, intermingled with stone and flint
tools, arrow and spear heads, and frag-
ments of coarse pottery. The animal re-
mains testify to the presence in the an
cient forests of Britain of beasts of prey
which long since have become extinct.
deavor to account for the curious inter
mingling in this cavern of the remains of
human beings and of wild animals, The
place may have been used for shelter sue
cessively by man and by the lords of the
forest; or, as the presence of the rude
weapons of man might seem to indicate,
the beasts of the field may have been
brought into this natural recess as tro-
phies of the chase, and their flesh and
skins used for purposes of food and
clothing. Nothing less than the most
persevering and enthusiastic search could
have discovered the interesting remain,
which, for a vast period of time, had
been buried in this retreat for the fos
sils were covered by thick floor of stall
agmite which had been formed, there
can be no doubt, by great blocks O
limestone which had fallen from time Il
time, extending over very heightened
period, from the roof of the cavern, anC
had become cemented into one mass b,
the perpetual percolations of lime watc
/ from above. ---...----
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30

Cheese serves two purposes. 1t is
food and it promotes the digestion OF
other food. As food it is the most nu-
tritious Of all alimentary substances.
This is shown by the figures given by
DIR. FARMLAND as the result of a long
series of careful experiments with ali
mentary substances. Food is the ma
terial which produces force in an ami
NAL, or rather which enables the mus
cular system of an animal to exert force,
and it is valuable and effective in pro-
portion to the amount of force which it
enables the muscles to exert. DR..
Frankland's experiments were conducted
on the basis of the weight of certain
kind of food which would enable a
man of. 100 pounds weight to raise
himself $1,000 feet He found that LIS
pound of cheese in this respect was
equivalent to 1928 Of oatmeal, 1.31 of
-four, 1.33 of pea meal, 2.34 of bread,
1853 of lean beef, pounds of potatoes
and 8 pounds of milk. Thus cheese is
the most useful of all these foods. But
ter has the equivalent ratio of 0,693, but
butter can hardly be considered as a
food, because it is wholly deficient in
nitrogen and is carbohydrate only, and
therefore wholly inadequate to repair the
waste of muscular tissue. But although
cheese varies in its composition, as skim,
half-skim and full milk cheese, yet it
varies but little in its food value, because
when the fat is deficient there is an ex-
cess of casein or heterogeneous matter,
which is directly available in the animal
system for the production of heat or
force, and even fat, as well as of muscu-
lar fiber. The following table gives the
composition of some kinds of cheese in
common use:
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
Foreign:

THE Ameer of Afghanistan has caused to
be executed a nun Der of persons suspected of
favoring the projects of Avoob Khan, and
has expelled a number OF others from the
country.
A SCHOoLMAsTER and a peasant have been
shot in Servia for lea ling the revolt
SHEIK OBEIDULLAH, the noted Kurdish
chief, has died of cholera at Mecca.
In France DEGREES have been issued appoint
ing Prime Minister Ferry minister of foreign
affairs, in place of NJ. Challemel-L acour, re
signed ON account of i'll health, and NJ.
Fallieres minister of public instruction in
succession TO NJ. Ferry.
GREAT loss of life and shipping occurre
during the recent severe gale of the coasts of
Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. The coasts
were strewn with wreckage, and many bod
les were WASHED ashore AT Green Island a
Norwegian bark was driven ON the rocks, and
out of twelve men on board ten were
drowned
DR.. CHARLES w. SIEMENs, the celebrated
German scientist, engineer and electrician,
died few days since i'll London from the eff
fects of fall
EIGHTEEN worl1men were drowned while
crossing the river at Donarneuz, France.
FIFTY persons in Thorn, West Prussia, have
been attacked by trichinosis.
JOSEPH POOLE, the Fenian, was convicted
in Dublin, Of the murder of Joseph Kenny,
an informer, and sentence to death.
THE Prussian diet is in session.
SCATTERED bands of Chinese pirates, sup
posed to be "B ack Flags" have been com
Uniting outrages in Tonquin. Four villages
were destroyed by them.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30

1t is seen that they vary considerably,
but yet that all kinds are very rich in
nutritive elements, and make nearly
perfect food In passing 1t may be
noticed how the acid curd of the Ched-
dar is produced at the expenditure of
the sugar of the milk, and how the
skinned milk cheese develop in the
curing considerable quantity of fat.
connected with the secondary purpose
of cheese as food thar might be suspec-
ted. The rennet used in making the
cheese conveys to it some of its own
peculiar property of cOagulating and dl-
costing casein. Cheese itself may be
used in making cheese, as do will raise
new batch of do. This digestive
property is able to convert albuminoids
(casein) into the elements of fat in the
stomach, and so it does undoubtedly in
the cheese. And the curing of skim
milk cheese, skilfully conducted, en-
riches it in fat and brings it up in very
slightly inferior condition to that of a
fnll milk cheese This same digestive
property is excessively developed by long
curing, and exists more largely in the
more highly favored cheese; the flavor
being produced by the decomposition
which increases the digestive activity.
Cheese of this kind is not used as food
strictly, but as a condiment to aid diges-
ton of other food. 1t is used as fruit is,
at the end of meal, nominally as a rel
ish, but really as a help to digestion.
The production of this active agent OF
digestion by the curing of cheese is one
of the skilled arts of the dairy. With,
out it cheese does not fulfill its complete
use and purpose, and it may be, and no
doubt is, a sufficient reason for the com.
paratively small domestic consumption OF
cheese and its general neglect as a staple
article of food; that American cheese
makers do not know how to thoroughly
cure and refine cheese and develop the
exquisite flavors and the accompanying
digestive properties for which foreign va.
rieties of cheese are so highly estimated.
Tile Dairy.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
California Sheep-Shearing.

The sheep ranches of California arc
usually desolate places, and the herdcrs
lead lonely life. Insanity it is said,
occurs frequently among them. Some
times herder leads only few months
of this life of loneliness and then goes
suddenly mad But during the sheep,
shearing season, the life is one of excite.
ment, owing to the presence of gangs OF
Mexicans. The work they do and how
they do it is described in the following
paragraphs:
A shed sixty feet long by twenty-five
wide, sides open; small pens full of sheep
surrounding it on three sides; eighty men
bent over at every possible angle, eighty
sheep being tightly held in every possible
position, eighty shears flashing, glancing,
clipping; bright Mexican eyes shining,
laughing Mexican voices jesting. Al
first, it seemed only confused scene OF
phantasmagoria. AS our eyes became
familiarized, the confusion discntangled
itself, and we could note the splendid
forms of the men and their marvellous
dexterity in using the shears. Less thar
five minutes it took from the time a sheer
was grasped, dragged in, thrown down
w tliC hnNNS III II Wa
set free, clean shorn, and its threc-pounC
fleece tossed on table outside.
A good shearer shears seventy or eighty
sheep in day; men of extra dexterity
shear hundred. The Indians are ia
nous for skill at shearing, and in al
their large villages are organized shear
ing bands, with captains, that go from
ranch to ranch in the shearing season.
A pay-clerk stood in the center of tht
shed with leathern wallet full of five
cent pieces. AS soon as the man hat
sheared his sheep, he ran to the clerk
fleece in hand, threw down the fleece
and received his five-cent piece. In on
corner was barrel of beer, which wa
retaied at five cents glass; and far TOT
many of the five-cent pieces changed
hands again the next minute at the beer
barrel.
AS fast as the fleeces were tossed on
from the shed, they were thrown up to
man standing on the top of the roof
This man flung them into an enormou
bale-sack, swinging wide-mouthed iron
a derrick; in the sack stood anothe
man, who jumped on the wool to pack i
down tight.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
Canes.


The manufacture of canes is by no
means the simple process of cutting the
sticks in the woods peeling off the bark,
whiting down the knots, sandpapering
the rough surface and adding touch of
varnish, a curiously carved handle or
head and tipping the end with fcrrule.
In the sand flats of New Jersey whole
families support themselves by gathering
nanneberry sticks, which they gather in
the swamps, straighten with an old vice,
steam over an old kettle and perhaps
scrape down or white into size These
are packed in large bundles to New York
city and sold to the cane factories. Many
imported sticks, however, have to go
through a process of Strengthening by
mechanical means, which are mystery
to the uninitiated. They are buried in
hot sand until they become pliable. In
front of the heap of hot sand in which
the sticks are plunged is a stout
board from five to six feet long,
fixed at an angle inclined to the work
men and having two or more notches cut
in the edge. When the stick has become
perfectly pliable the workman places it
on one of the notchcs. and, bending it in
the opposite direction to which it is nat
urally bent, straightens it, Thus sticks
apparently crooked, bent, warped and
worthless are by this simple process
Strengthened but the most curious part
of the work is observed in the formation
of the crook or curl for the handles which
are not naturally supplied with hook or
knob The workman places one end of
the cane firmly in vice and pours con-
tinuous stream of fire from gas-pipe on
the part which is to be bent When suf-
ficient heat has been applied the cane is
pulled slowly and gradually round until
the hook is completely formed and then
secured with string. An additional
application of heat serves to bake and
permanently fix the curl. The under part
of the handle is frequently charred by
the action of the gas, and this is rubbed
down with sandpaper until the requisite
degree of smoothness is attained.-Amer-
lean MeTcHdnt
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
Santa Claus.

The history of Santa Claus-a curious
mixture of truth and fable-goes far
back into the ancient time. Centuries
ago a child was born in Asia Minor who
received the name of Nicholas. His par
ents were wealthy and of high rank,
and desiring to express their gratitude to
God for the birth of their son, they re-
solved to ed ucate him for the Christian
priesthood. The child was sober and
thoughtful, and while yet young both
his parents died, and he inherited their
great wealth. He considered the richer
a sacred trust; he fed the hungry, he
clothed the destitute and performed all
kinds of good deeds as secretly as possible
As priest he was greatly beloved; as
bishop he continued his benevolence; af-
ter his death the church canoniZed him,
and he became one of the greatest of
patron saints, being rcvered as the helper
of the poor, the protector of the weak,
and as the especial patron saint of little
children, who were taught to believe
that their good gifts came from him.
Saint Nicholas was the name given him
bv the monks and this was Familiarity
changed to Santa Nic'laus, and finally
clipped down to Santa Claus, who Is
still represented as retaining his old hab
its of secret benevolcnce and coming
down the chimney at nights, laden with
Christmas presents for children. A
pleasant fiction it is to them, under the
cover of which that charming secrecy
concerning the donors of gifts is kept
up, though little eyes and ears and
minds are keen. and Santa Claus is
usually very well known to them as a
much more modern parsonage than old
st. Nicholas. But the children enjoy
the harmless pretense, the mysterious
filing of stockings and the heavily laden
Christmas tree.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
Blushing Monkeys.

Mr.. Darwin remarks the fact noticed
by Mr.. Sutton, that the face of the ma
cacus rhesus when much enraged grows
red. Mr. Darwin himself saw the face
of this monkey redden when attacked by
another monkey, and he also adds that
the seat pads" also seemed to redden
under the influence of anger, although
he could not positively assert that this
was the case" My monkey, Jenny,
blushed more distinctly. A red hue shot
over and obscured the normal yell
low tint of the skin of the
face, and noticed that the
" seat pads, occasionally also grew red
der. Another curious fact concerning
this monkeys behavior when enraged
consisted in the variations she exhibited
when she was irritated by myself and
by another person. If irritated by an
other person, she shook the cage and
chartered, while her face flushed like
that of human being in anger If, on
the other hand, l had occasion to reprove
her, she darted down to the bottom of
the cage, lay down, and, as often
as not conccaling her face in the
straw. The analogy between that in
effective or suppressed rage in human
being, which is shown by the person
throwing himself down on the ground
a feature seen familiarly in some children
and the behavior of Jenny under my
reproof, appears to me to be too exact to
escape notice. Paddy, the Capuchin, on
the contrary, when enraged or frightened,
used to retire to a corner of the cage and
stand on his head, uttering, meanwhile,
the most plaintive cries in the we'll
known shrill and musical voice
of his race. On one occasion, when
servant had allowed Paddy
to imbibe nearly half glassful
of champagne, he showed his alcoholic
dissipation by standing on his head and
vainly endeavoring to emit his familiar
cry. Dr. Darwin mentions the case of a
young female chimpanzee who, when en-
ragged presented curious example to a
child in the same state. She screamed
loudly with widely open mouth, the lips
being retracted so that the teeth were
fully exposed. She threw her arms wild
ly about, sometimes clasping them over
her head. She rolled on the ground,
sometimes on her back, sometimes on her
stomach, and bite everything within her
reach. y Gentlemdn's MdgdeiRe.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
FURTHER particulars from St. Johns, N.

FURTHER particulars from st. Johns, N.
F., regarding the recent disastrous storm say
that the brigantine Bonnie Lasse was lost at
Cane St Francis Captain Hogan First Off
Ger Prang and Steward Tohey persisted with
her The bark Helois, the brigantine Creole,
the schooner Western Packet and the brig
antine Guelph were also lost during the gale.
Their crews were saved.
A CYCLONE destroyed every house in At
lanta, Mexico Several persons were killed
or wounded.
BANDITS are committing great depreda-
tions in Cuba.
MOODY and Sankey, the evangelists, are
holding largely. attended meetings in Wads-
WORTH England
THE Chinese government is reported to
have issued a call for 10000 troops in an
ticipaton of a war with France.
The American ship Thomas Dana arrived
at Fayal having on board twenty-one men
w hohad formed part of the passengers and
crew of the French brig Rocaberg, sunk by a
collision. The remainder of the passengers
and crew, numbering lightweight, per ished.
JAMES DAVIS, secretary of the London and
San Francisco bank, absconded from London
with $3.50, 900 of the institutions funds.
SPANISH Republicans threaten q revolt if
universal suffrage is not granted at the next
session of the Cortes.
JOHN SHARPLEs. Sons & Co., lumber mer-
chants of Quebec, have failed for about $780,
600
THE duke of Castlemonte, who was recent
ly captured near Trapani, Sicily, by brig
ands, has been ransomed for $1,000
a ROME dispac CHI states that the pope has
created Mr.. F. w. Dawson, eiitor of the
Nelcs and Courier, of Charleston, S. c., a
stand he has taken in his paper against duel
I ing.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
THE NATIONAL GRANGE.
TWenty.scyen States Represented at
the Annual Convention.

The annual convention of the National
Grange was opened in Washington, D. c.,
twenty-seven States being represented by
masters of State oranges. William
Saunders of the agricultural department,
who was the first master of the national
grange delivered an address of we come to
the de egates. SIP. eches were made BY ex-
Governor Robe, of Maine j. II. Thompson,
of this city, and Mr. Harrison, of Alabama
They di cussed the question of the strength
ana ilfiuence of the agricultural class. its
want of representation in the executive
branch Of the government, and the growth of
national grange organization Worthy
Master ]. j. Woodman, of Michigan, deliv-
erel his annual address reviewing the roy
reSs of the order. He asSerte that the grange
organization is in more prosperous condition
now than it has been for many years, and
that its ranks are rapidly filling up.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30
A Great Coos, Market.

Poultry rearing for export appears to
be largely on the increase in Germany,
and Rummelsburg, near Berlin, boasts OF
the largest goose market probably in the
world. There arrive daily at that sta
ton on an average forty cars with geese
and ducks. Every car contains about
1900, thus making about 400, 900 birds
shipped every week, or an annual total
of 20, 600, 900. The largest portion of
these birds are reared and fattened in
the surrounding provinces, and thence
despatched to all parts of Germany, Eng
land, Belgium, France, Switzerland and
other European cities.-Lice Stock Jour
nal
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30

The statistics of the universal postal
union for 1881 show that the United
States ranks first in the number of post
Offices with 44,5l2; Great Britain takes
second place with 14,91s, Germany has
11,0SS and France 6,l5S. Japan, with
1904 offices is far in advance of Russia,
British India, Austria, Italy and Spain
Switzerland has one postoffice to every
985 inhabitants, and the United States
one to every l, 1876.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30

Lace for dress garniture comes this
season in four widths to match, and
favorite kind is the escurial lace, which IS
exceedingly effective when velvet is EN-
ployed in its designs.
The Middlebury register and Addison County journal. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1883-1885, 1883-11-30

While trying to creep under a barbed wire
fence with gun in his hand, Noah Harmon,
of Mount JOY, Penn, was fatally shot.
The Russellville Democrat. [volume] (Russellville, Ark.) 1875-1898, 1883-08-09

WE devote again this week large
portion of our space to the Louis
vile Exposition. Fellow citizens,
do you think it will pay you to sit
still like don't care set of people,
and let this grand opportunity pass
nnimproyed. People with no enter
prise in them don't care, -but,a live
people will heed, and especially when
they are appealed to as our noble
governor and board of State Com
m;ssioners appeal to you in this is
sue. Wake up for once and open
your purse strings, and let the world
know thatsthere is vitality and am
bition to excel in Pope county. Read
the appeal also of our local commit
tee, and then respond at once to
their requests and to your duty.
The Russellville Democrat. [volume] (Russellville, Ark.) 1875-1898, 1883-08-09

mitted The following, which were
unanimously adopted:
RKsoLvKp, That the committee upon
Legislation appointed by the State
Teachers Association be requested 10
advise legislation making five half days
absence from the public schools with
out excuse d suspension for the term.
That the sum OF five dollars be set aside
by the auditor from the funds belong
ing to each school district. to be known
as the apparatus Fund; that said
fund shall be subject to the orders OF
the variuus county treasurers, as the
other district funds now are; that the
separate district trustees shall have the
power 10 draw ulOlrthe said fund for
the actual purpose OF buying maps,
globes. charts, numeral frames, clocks.
and other necessary apparatus; that
said fund shall be set apart annually
for five years.
A resolution was introduced by
Prot. SAinn and discussed, but not
acted upon by the Institute, giving
the county examiner power and max
ing it lis duty to condemn any
building in his county not lit for oo-
cupancy as schoolhouse; that then
If the patrons shall not within limit
ed time erect schoolhouse, Chat the
trustees shall have power. and it
shall be their duty to warn out the
hands for ten days OF each year for
the purpose Of bnilding good hew-
ed Lighthouse, that the same penal
ties as to working roads apply to de-
linquents in this matter; that the
state superintendent be requested TO
furnish plans for good substantial
.hewed log houses of modern finish
for such buildings.
This law having proved success
in other states, in the Improvement
and advance of school buildings, il
twas thought advisable to try il here.
The Russellville Democrat. [volume] (Russellville, Ark.) 1875-1898, 1883-08-09

Citizens Of Pope county;
You SEE above the strong appeal
of our efficient State board Of com
missioners now at Louisville, and
dong all they can to make credi
table display of the great resources
of our State. They are likely to fail
for want of a few dollars to prose-
cute their work. They are giving
their time and attention and hearing
their own expenses. We will reap
the benefit oi their labors to the
same extent that they do themselves.
Shall we not respond with few dol
lars TO ensure a cir success in show
ing Arkansas u be fully abreast OF
any state in the Jnion2
Governor Berry also adds his ap-
peal to theirs t our citizens to re.
spond at once nth the help asked
for. Our count, is asked for $3.50.
That amount Of money could never
be more probably invested. We
urge upon you the great necessity OF
coming up at once with your contri-
buttons OF cash, and not let Pope
county be delinquent in an enter.
prise Of so much importance to her
and the state.
We also request our citizens To
bring in products of all kinds of our