davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
RAILROAD MATTERS.
The Chica.o Passenger

The Chicago Passenger War Extending.
CHICAGO, Sept. 24.-The war on passenges
rates between Chicago and Louisville will it is
expected, take broader range to-day. In
view OF new points to be included, it is be-
lieved that number of other lines than the
Pan Handle and the Louisville New Albany
and Chicago must be drawn into it. 1t is inn
possible to say where it will stop. The last
named road announces this morning that it
will begin running this evening, via the Air
Line, solid train, including palace. and Pull
man cars, to Indianapolis, on a schedule of
one hour shorter time than the trains are now
making between Chicago and that point, and
the fare will be put at 81, which is cut of
$4.5O on the regular rate. Thereafter trains
VIII oe run on this route at 8 a. m. and 7.45 p.
M, via Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton. 1t
will also sell tickets to leading points in con-
petition with the Pan Handle, at about half
the regular rates. The officers of the road say
that thus far they have been on the defensive
IN the light, merely meeting the cuts made by
the Pan Handle, but for the future they will
make 1t aggressive until the trouble is settled.
CHICAGO. Sept. 24.-The Pan Handle and
Kankakee lines will begin selling tickets to In
dianapolis at one dollar, tomorrow orning
The Chicago & Eastern Illinois road announces
tonight that it will begin selling tickets to In
dianapolis tomorrow, including chromo for
five cents. 1t is understood that the five cents
is for the chrome aud that the fare is thrown
in gratis. To points beyond indianapolis the
regular local fare will be charged.
The Southeastern Railroad.
MONTREAL, Sept. 2.-The directors of the
South Eastern railroad are now running that
road, and by economical management think
they shall be able to pay off its floating debt,
saving OF $4,000 per month having already
been effected in the expenditures. The traffic
is increasing,
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
Diseased Connecticut Ca,tIe

New LONDON, Sept 2.-Several weeks ago
pleuro-pneumonia broke out in herd of fancy
cattle belonging to Henry E. Williams at
Salem, Conn, and the State authorities ordered
that the infected cattle be killed. Three or
four head were sacrificed, and in obedience to
an order from the department at Washington
sanitary measures were taken with respect to
the rest of the stock. 1t was thought the dis
ease had been effectually stamped out, but
soon Mr.. Leamon lost cow by the complaint.
After this the quarantine was made even more
strict III the town. No new cases appeared
until a day or two ago, when COW belonging
to Charles Williams of Salem was taken with
the disease 1t was promptly killed by order
of the authorities. 1t is said that many cattle
in the town have been exposed, and that the
disease is liable to appear at any time within
eight months after exposure. Cattle owners in
all parts of Eastern Connecticut are much
alarmed over the situation, the pleuro-pneu-
monia being the most dreaded of all cattle
plaques. A member of the State Board fur
nishes a practical test of showing whether an
animal has the disease. He says: "Run the
animal around lively, even if whip has to be
used, and jump her over low bars; and if at
the end OF five minutes she does not cough,
she has not the complaint" The pleuro-
pneumonia was introduced into Salem by a
Jersey COW that Mr.. Williams purchased in
New Jersey last spring.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
Papa and Mama.

Nobody ever heard son or daughter of the
soil salute laborer or yeoman father and moth
er as papa and mama, and few ever heard the
children of Baron or Earl, in freside converse
and before school days were over, address
papa and mama as father and mother. OF
late years, indeed, mainly in the great towns
and cities, many of the working classes"
who "wil likne hymsslf to gentil men," have
adopted papa and mama, but with differ
erence analogous to heraldic difference; papa
has become papa and mama mamma, with
the accent on the first instead of the last syl-
liable. On the other hand, the gentil families
which have adopted the plain English father
and mother, not perhaps, without dash Of the
pride which apes humility are continually in
creasing in number. Papa and mama, the
French appellatives, like the Welsh tad and
mann, daddy and nanny, have never found
their way into serious literary English as sub
stitutes for father and mother. They are not,
in fact, synonymous. There are, so to speak,
the vocative cases of father and mother, lust
as pusSis the vocative name of cat. Where
they are not vocatives they are relative forms.
Pater famiias is father of his family for all
the sworld; he is pts papa for itself alone.
The growing disuse of the words, and the sub
stitution in many cases of the Latin pater and
mater are, fancy, mainly due to the fact
that school boys, and especially public school
boys, regard the use of pa and ma and their
reduplication as connecting molly-coddle. An
eloquent Countess in a southern shire at the
last general election made an admirable speech
on behalf OF her eldest son, who was one Of
the candidates for the family borough. When
his lordship appeared on the platform the next
day to speak | observed that he was extremely
disconnected by the greetings of a large and
CHEEKY yeoman, who disproved alike Of lady
orators and the politics Of the lord of the
manor: "GOCd eVenin', my lordi '0W's v0ur
map" Whether or not that one word sealed
his lordship's fate do not know but it GER
tainly damaged his chances of election, and I
have never since been at any loss to under
stand why the words papa and mama are grad
ually falling into desuetude.-Notes and
OnAries
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
THE FROZEN NORTH.
disappointment at NOrdenskjold's RE
pOrt-Greeniand n Vast Sheet of ice.

LONDON. Sept. 24.-The report from the Nor
denskold expedition brings double disap-
pointment Hopes had been INDUCED that the
interior of Greenland, at least in the wilder
parts of that country, would prove more hospi-
table than the frozen coast line. 1t was also
thought that the steamer might be able to get
inside of the ice belt along the eastern shore Of
Greenland from Cape Farewell northward to
Cape Dant so as to examine region which
had been sealed from the eyes of civilized man
for three centuries, and which expl Grafton
would perhaps uncover some traces of the lost
Morse settlement of Ostre Bygd. Professor
Nordenskjold himself held the theory that the
permanent ice band along the coasts of Green
land might not extend over the whole country,
and that the central region might be compara-
lively clear of ice. There was even chance
that wooded district might be found in the
southern section of the interior.
That rose-colored theory has been effectually
exploded by his journey inland from Auleit-
slick bay. AT this point Greenland attains
breadth of some 500 miles or within about 100
miles of its extreme breadth. AS the scouts of
the exploring party covered 224 miles before
turning back. they may fairly be said to have
reached the heart of the country. They found
no signs of improvement, but the contrary.
Instead OF roaming upon wooded district,
they discovered that the whole land was one
vast sheet of ice broken by mountain chains
which rise, in the region trayersed by the
scouts, to an attitude OF 1000 feet, and are be-
lieved to attain double that height in the
vicinity Of Franz josef ford on the eastern
coast.
So passes into the limbo of discarded theo-
ries the idea of fertile region in the centre OF
Greenland. The attempt to examine the east
ern coast also ended in disappointment. The
steamer was unable to penetrate the ice belt
which guards that long hidden shore from the
approach of any keel She had to sail along
upon the outer edge of the belt barely within
sight of the shore, SO that no light was thrown
upon the locality Of the settlements of Ostre
Rvod
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
THE MAINE STATE PRESS.
WEATHER INDICATIONS.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 26.
The indications foe New England to-day are
rain followed by slightly cooler weather, south
west to northwest winds, followed by rising
barometer.
Cautienary signals are ordered from Chinco-
teagne to Sandy Hook and from Block Island
to Newport
The weather bulletin says that a severe
storm is central north of the lower Lake region
apparently moving northeastward. Rain has
prevailed in all districts east of the upper Mis-
sissippi river and in the Ohio valley and South
Atlantic States, followed tonight by clearing
weather in the Ohio valley and on the Atlantic
coast south of New York. Generally clear
weather pre-ails in the Southwest and North
west with northwesterly winds and slightly
lower temperature in the extreme northwest.
Frost and brisk southwesterly winds prevail
on the Atlantic coast and in the Lake region
with slight changes in temperature on the At
lantic coast, and cooler weather in the lower
Lake region and Northwest on Tuesday and
Wedne sday.
Fair weather is indicated for the Sounthern
and Middle States and Ohio valley on Tuesday
and Wednesday, with slight changes in tenn
peraturo.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
Swiss Honesty.

An interesting study is mankind in that
idyllic country, famous for It's honesty, Of
which have seen some interesting proofs. Do
not suppose for one moment that am going to
exalt the liberality of the hotel-keepers, for
they are shamefully overcharging, now that
the country is full of English and Americans,
who would consider hotel mira dig. If they
paid less then 80 shillings day, which is
only $7-a mere trife in their country. But
among the people truth and honesty do still
exist. For instance, in Brinz I wanted to buy
real "Gernshorn,' of which SO many imita-
tions are sold, and the price a woman asked
me seemed to me rather high. co." she said,
''if you wish to buy those horns cheaper, there
is a turner in the village who, 1 am sure, will
let you have them very reasonably" And
Herewith she actually gave me his address,
and bought what wanted as we'll as ] could
wish. So ordered a lockmaker to make me a
key for bag 1 had, and when he brought it
found 1t rather simple in appearance, and
l asked him to make me one more elaborate,
but kept the first one. When he brought
the second one found 1t clumsy, and told him
so "but," said /, ct have ordered it, SO YOU
may leave it." 30 no." he said, 'T will find
some mode of employing 1t; if you do not like
it, it would be unjust to take money for II"
So he charged 10 pence "a france for the first
one, and took the second away. But, touching
as these proofs are, they are exceptions, and
the visitors have thrown about their money
with such recklessness that now everybody
expects to be paid, and If any employe, post
master, railway servant, ETC., tells you that
such a thing cannot be done, it mesns-6
francsl-London World.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
A Test of Pure Water.

A new and useful method of ascertaining
whether the water of a we'll is affected by a
cesspool in what appears to be hazardous prox-
unity, is described in the Scientific American.
AS every one knows, the common test is to
throw salt into the suspected cesspool or vault,
testing the well water beforehand, and again
later, after the salt has had time to dissolve
and find its way through the ground, by means
of nitrate of silver, which produces white
cloud in water containing chlorides, and can
be made to show the exact proportion of salt
contained in the we'll water. The quantita-
tive examination of the water however, is a
matter for a skillful chemist, aud as nearly all
natural waters contain a little salt, the test is
an uncertain one without such accurate meas
urement. For ordinary observers 1t is desira-
BILE to use for placing in the cesspool some sub
stance which is never found in ordinary water,
and whose presence, If introduced from out
side, can be readily determined, and in re-
cent legal case, where it was important to de-
termine whether the we'll OF certain brewery
was polluted by infiltration from foul neigh
boring well the ingenious counsel for one par
ty. or, more probably, some expert adviser, sug-
gested that chloride of lithium should be
thrown into the foul well ,and afterward looked
for in the other. All the soluble salts of lithi-
um have the property of giving brilliant red
color to flame, and on evaporating some of
the water from the brewery WELL after the
treatment of the other with lithium, the con.
centrated residuum, introduced on thread in
to hamo, showed unmistakably the lithium
coloration. In ordinary experiments, the red
OF the lithium flame, unless the salt was PRES
ent in large proportion, would generally be OBJ
scured by the more powerful yellow derived
from sodium, which is present in nearly all
flames, but it is possible for the am ateur ex
perimenter to neutralize the effect of the vel
low rays by holding piece of blue glass be-
tween his eye and the flame and the red color,
If present, will then appear, or the flame may
be examined with the spectroscope, which will
show all the rays separately with sperfect dis
tinctnesS.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
THE SENATE COMMITTEE.

New YORK, Sept. 24.-The first witness who
appeared before the Senate subcommittee on
labor and education this morning was T. n.
Devoe, who said he had thought a great deal
for many years on the land question. He did
not like government system which permitted
an honest man who wished to work and earn
his living to go to the poorhouse with his fam
lily, when the means of subsistence were abun-
dant. The trouble was the result of a defective
land system. The remedy for all these diff.
culties was as plain as the nose on a mans
face. The government owntd an unlimited
quantity OF land in the West. Some of the
money which was annually spent in educating
young men for the army and navy could be
expended in surveying some of these vast
tracts, creating townships and dividing these
into farms, which would be readily disposed of
to any immigrants who wished to settle upon
them.
Walter e. Barrett, cigar manufacturer,
was the next witness. After giving his views
about what Congress should do and paying his
tribute to the energy Of the workingmen, he
said that he would make the American work
ingman the peer of the workmen of the world.
Then he would build tariff wall SO as to
secure for him all those liberties aud pecuniary
benefits which he now possessed.
Timothy Wright next took the stand. He
read lengthy paper, embodying his solution
of the problem OF capital and labor by the
adjustment of the monetary question.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
THE COMET.
More Details Regarding Hts fHereased
Brillihncy

BOSTON. Sept. A.-The Brooks CONT, which
it will be remembered, has recently proved to
be return of the Pons comet Of 1872, has
within day or two developed such extraordi-
nary features as to establish at once its claim
to popular attention. The object has been
steadily observed at the Harvard observatory
for position, and Friday evening II was seen as
usual, being at the time very faint nebulous
object, with an exceedingly small, star-like nu-
cleus. Saturday evening the customary obser-
vstions were undertaken, but Mrs.. G. Chand-
Ter, Jr, was surprised at being unable to find
the usual object. The reason for this difficult
ty was quickly discovered, for it was found
that the comet had changed completely In ap-
pearance in "a hours. Instead of faint nebu-
la, hardly equivalent to ten and half mag
nitude star, it appeared as sharply defined
star-like disk, with hardly trace OF neoulosi-
ty, and from eight to ten times as bright as on
the preceding evening. This unusual increase
In brilliancy gives evidence of some extraordi-
nary physical changes in the comet, bat OF pre-
cisely what nature is not yet known.
Last evening the great equatorial telescope
OF Harvard observatory was again pointed to
the place of the comet, and agaiu surprise
was in store for the watchful astronomers. The
causes which had produced the violent changes
already noted were evidently still in opera
tion, but the increase in light was not quite so
rapid as in the preceding "a hours. Instead Of
the disk, which could hardly be distinguished
from star, the light was spread out into
confused circular nebulosity, half minute of
an arc in diameter, and fifteen times brighter
than two nights ago. Friday night 1t could be
observed only by means of a telescope having
an aperture of at least six inches, while Sun
day it could easily be seen with an opera glass.
The computed increase in light as published
in the special astronomical circulars was about
one-thirtieth of magnitude per day, SO that
the comet to-day is as bright as it was expected
to be about the first of December next. Should
this increase continue at the same rate the ac-
tual brightness of the comet will exceed the
computed brightness many times, and rthe OBJ
Ject will be exceedingly brilliant.
The activity of the comet is the more extra
ordinary on account of the immense distance
of the comet from the sun, it being nowro out in
the vicinity of the orbit of Jupiter, and is an
evidence of the exceedingly unstable condition
governing these remarkable Objects. No SINH
lar outburst of comet has ever been observed,
and its varying phases will be watched by hum
dreds Of astronomers in all parts of the world.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
GENERAL NEWS.

David Foley, of Raleigh, N. c., the alleged
moonshiner who killed Revenue officer Walk
er last February was yesterday sentenced to
IL years imprisonment.
The Commercial Club of New York city has
accepted an invitation to visit the Commercial
Club OF Cincinnati, Ohio.
The cable cars on the East River bridge were
opened to the public yesterday, Everything
worked smoothly.
rived at New York Sunday from Liverpool,
made the passs ge from Queenstown to Sandy
Hook in six days, twenty-oHe hours and ten
minutes.
The town hall, Collins's grain elevator, Rem
keref's hotel and three business houses at Pc
otone, Illinois, were burned Sunday. Loss
$4,000.
A telegram from the Pensacola navyyard
says the two new cases of yellow fever at War
rington are both children.
The sum of $500 has been raised in Chica-
go for the sufferers by the earthquake at Isch-
la, Italy. 1t will be forwarded at once.
Late Tuesday night the dead body of Silas
johnson, a negro, pierced with three balls, was
found on the roadside half mile from Mar.
Shall, Texas, with a rope around his neck. His
wife testities that 16 persons came to the door
and asked for johnson. Upon going out the
party carried him off. johnson is known to
have been connected with race troubles recent
ly.
large number OF cotton operatives in Mon-
treal will be thrown out of employment next
week in order to stop over production.
The U. S. steamer Alliance is at st. John,
N. B.
The U. s. steamer Vaudalia arrived at Hall
fax yesterday from New York.
A considerable number of weavers in Lor-
raine Mills, Pawtucket, II. l.. struck yesterday
on account Of reduction in the price of work.
The liabilities of Siedenbach, Schwab & Co.,
of New York, recently failed, are between
$350000 and 400,0 ,000
Work was refumed yesterday morning at the
Rolling Mills at South Chicago. Eighteen
hundred men went in. Wages will be paid on
the Pittsburg scale.
A hail storm swept over the Ohio valley
Monday afternoon from Carrollton, KY, to
Lawrenceburg, Ind
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
Smoking in Parlor Cars

The following letter to the Boston Advertiser
touches upon serious and growing abuse:
"TEe 4.30 afternoon train between Boston
and New York, via Springfield and New
Haven, is deservedly favorite one with busi-
ness men. have frequent occasion to use it,
and to be grateful for the accommodation it
affords. Nevertheless, L have grievance.
Last Thursday afternoon I Bought ticket at
the New York station for Boston by this train,
securing chair in the parlor car 256. Taking
possession of my seat, imagine my surprise to
see my neighbors deliberately lighting their
cigars and pipes Repairing to the conductor
on the station platform, l asked an explana-
tion. He replied that 256 was the 'gentlemen's
car and smoking therein permitted. Upon
this, requested that my seat be changed to
the adjoining parlor car, 'SGybrook.' 'Impos-
sible every seat isstaken.' Very WE'LL said:
refund my dollar and / will surrender nv
chair By this time 1 was joined by two
other gentlemen, who united with me in
vigorous protest. Like me they had bought
seats in the parlor car. why was it not stated
at the ticket office that 256 is a smoking carp
1 asked. Because it isn't. It's gentlemen's
car, but gentlemen are allowed to smoke in it.
was the lucid explanation. Then you refuse
either to give us seats in another car or to re-
turn our money! Yes said the conductor,
'and you had better keep the seats you have
Whereupon, as the train started, the two gen.
tlemen resigned themselves to the tainted at
mosphere of 256, and l, characterizing the
treatment as an outrage, took refuge in one of
the crowded passenger cars, and, after fifteen
minutes standing, found seat. The conduc-
tor shortly appeared, and informed me that he
had managed to secure seat forward in the
bonafide parlor car, which 1 accordingly took.
NY aggrieved fellow-passengers were not
similarly favored. On subseqent inquiry of
the conductor 1 learned that my case was
common one.
OF course my personal annoyance is unim.
portant, but the custom which it illustrates
that, in buying chair in the parlor car of this
train. any gentleman may find himself entrap-
ped in smoking Car when neither retreat nor
immediate redress is possible.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1883-09-25
Harlv MarriaOeS

Lady Sarah Cadogan, daughter of William,
first Earl Csdogan, was married at the age of
13 to Charles, second Duke of Richmond, aged
Is. 1t is said that this marriage was bargain
to cancel a gambling debt between their par
ents, Lady Sarah being coheiresc The young
Lord March was brought from college aud the
little lady from her nursery for the ceremony,
which took place at The Hague. The bride
amazed and silent, but the husband exclaimed
"Surely you are not going to marry me to that
dowdy" Married, however, he was, and his
tutor took him off to the Continent and the
bride went back to her mother. Three years
after Lord March returned from his travels,
but, having such disagreeabe recollection OF
his wife, was in no hurry to join her, and went
the first evening to the theatre. There he S aw
a lady so beautiful that he asked who she was.
"The reigning toast, Lady March," was the
answer he got. He hastened to claim her, and
their lifelong affections for each other is much
commented upon by contemporaneous writer's
indeed, 1t was said that the Duchess, who
only survived him a year, died of grief
Notes and Queries.