The Eaton Democrat. (Eaton, Ohio) 1875-1903, 1883-12-13
Manuring Light Soils.

/ am thoroughly satisfied of my own
knowledge that a sandy soil is no more
leachy than a clay soil; and the finer
the sand the more it will act as a filter
to water passing through it. The floor
of my cellar and of my barn
yard are clear sand, of an excellent
kind for making mortar for masons.
After six years use of the cellar and
the constant pressure in it of wet and
sometimes sodden COW floating
in liquid, the soil is not discolored two
inches in depth. 1t is the same in the
b%arn-yard and also in the small yard Of
a stable where 1 have kept n or two
COWS for seven years past for expert
mental purposes chiefly. Here the dis
colored soil is removed every year to
make compost for the garden, and the
liquid from the gutter runs into a small
pit which is kept full of absorbents. II
any sandy ground should be leachy, it
ought to be the bottom of this pit; but,
on the contrary, the bottom of it holds
all the substance of the manure in two
or three inches of the soil; and below
this the sand is clear and clean and
quite free from odor even. 1 would
suggest that those of your readers who
believe in leachy soils should make a
few tests of this kind.
But manure does disappear very rap
idly in light soils. This is a most inn
portant fact for owners of such land to
make themselves sure of and apply to
their practice. But it does not leach
away or run through the soil. Where,
then, does the n go toP just
here comes in one of those natural laws
which / have referred to, and clears up
the problem. The manure is oxidized
completely and is reduced to its miner
al and gaseous elements with great
rapidity by the operation of a we'll
known law of chemistry. This is the
power of any porous substance to act
as an oXidizing agent. 1t is exhibited
in spongy platinum, and especially in
those old-fashioned Incense spirit lamps,
which slowly consume at a low, red
heat, and without flame, the scented al
cohol with which the platinum in the
wick is fed. 1t is also shown in the
power of cotton or wool waste or cloth
to oxidize and infiame oil with which
they are saturated. 1t is also shown in
the rapid disappearance of every ap-
parent part of the n in the dry
soil of the common earth closets, SO
that the dry earth may be used over
and over again without becoming satu-
rated. 1t is also shown in the absorb
ton and destruction of organic matter
in many other ways, and in the we'll
known effect of road-dust or dry earth
as a deodorizer and ~disinfectant. 1t
explains the effect of dry earth as a
healing agent in surgery, and of the
mud and earth baths for the treatment
0f ru0r,rIS o0rornon n ~ onyy
age nations. But further explanation
is unnecessary, because this popularity
of porous substances is well known as
a scientific and practical fact which
needs no voucher.
Then when manure is applied to light
soils it is subjected to this rapid oxidiz-
ing agency and disappears. In a spot
in my garden MANFRED last spring with
COW manure, at the rate of 100 pounds
to the square yard, OF 24O tons to the
acre, and spaded in, there is to-day no
trace of the manure, except the dark
color of the soil, which when dug into
and turned over has a notified yellow,
Brown and black appearance, showing
where the Jumps of manure have left
their remains. 1t is the same in the
fields, but to a less extent. In clay soil
this rapid disappearance does not occur
and of course the lasts longer.
But the manure is not lost in the light
soil. 1t has given up its elements to
the crop. In the plat MANFRED as
/ above mentioned, l had t~hirty-two hills
of melons, and these produced 1853
large fruits, without counting nearly as
many small ones. This, at thirty to the
barrel, is equal to five and a half bar
rels-equivalent to $40 barrels to the
acre. The product would have been
larger had not five hills been destroyed
by the larva of the striped beetle be-
fore l found a way to circumvent them.
The appearance of the soil indicates,
however, that the manuring was great
ly in excess of a reasonable necessity,
and possibly a fourth of the quantity
would have been equally productive.
1t is different with clay soils. There
the mi stays longer, because the
clay is more compact, less porous and
admits the air less freely. Does not
experience also explain the action of
cultivating and pulverizing the soil, by
which the organic matter in it is oxid
ized'more freely and the crops are ben
Gifted? The result goes to show that
light soils must be managed differently
from clay lands, in nlanuring them
more frequently say every second
year, instead of every fifth year, as with
heavier soils-and using less ant al
each dressing in proportion to the
shorter time. III. SteWart, in Country
Gentlemen