The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1883-04-19
exhibition of ingratitude and injustice that
the world has ever seen.
One of the Results Of the War.


ton to the interests of his constituents,
possesses really a National significance 1t
is true that Judge Kelley during his long
period of service in the House of Represen-
tatives-longer than that of any of his
cotemporaries and dating back to the
Thirty Congress and the beginning
of Lincolns administration--ha been the
special champion of the industries of his
State and city, but in defending these he
has borne the burden of supporting and
maintaining the industrial interests of the
entire country, and in thus honoring him
the good people of Philadelphia may there
fore be said to have voiced the sentiments
of the Nation at large They may claim
him as their special Representative, but he
has been and still is, in fact, the Representa-
tave of every man, woman, and child whose
welfare is directly or indirectly dependent
on the protection of American labor
Did our space permit, we should like to
enter into detailed review of the work
accomplished by Judge Kelley during his
public career, but we must content ourselves
with reproducing from his speech at the
banquet in question the following interest
ing retrospect:
When the good people of the Fourth district
first elected me to Congress our country
divided household. The difereQees between the
North and the South were not merely sentimental
they were economic and, covering the entire field
of production, distribution, and consumption they
touched every in his basket and his store.
The issue was, in its last analysis, a question of
wages; indeed our civil war may be regarded as
great strike, the object of which was to secure to
American labor its just privileges and rewards
The South regarded labor as degrading and be-
lieved that capital should own its laborers The
people of the North honored labor and proudly
devoted themselves to the promotion of productive
pursuits. The conflict of opinion irrepressible
The policy of the South would have forever pre-
vented the utilization of the Infinitely diversified
resources of our country and suppressed the genius
and energy of its people. The North, believing
that this continent had been reserved as field for
the development Of civilization more exalted than
history had foreshadowed sought by promoting
science art and all forms of industry to call into
activity the manifold aptitudes of the people. For
the South to have accepted this policy would have
been to surrender the theories which were essen
tial to its distinctive existence. And as the South
ern policy had with few and brief intervals pre-
vailed it had been impossible for tie American
people to supply their own wants by working into
commodities the boundless material resources by
which they We're surrounded. A few unquestioned
facts show how slow the progress of this Nation
thp r. 70 EJ,a
just discovered gold fields Of California yielded
hundred millions during each of those ten years.
Had we been manufacturing people this enormous
wealth would have remained with us; but in 1850.
though had mined since 1919 over one billion of
gold, the Nation was stepped in bankruptcy. Cheap
foreign imports had closed our furnaces, FORCES,
and factories, and thus destroyed the farmers
home market for his productions labor was with
out employment, enterprise without capital and
the Government without revenue or credit.
Such the countgy's condition even when
President Lincoln made his call for rs 900 men In
| July, 1851, Congress was convened 1t approved
the Presidents acts, it recognized the naval estab-
fshment it appealed to the mercantile marine for
volunteers it built bought, and chartered ships,
and established blockade effective that no gov
eminent dared dispute its validity. The retire
ment of Southern Members and Senators left Com
gress in the control of those who knew the tails
believed in the eonstitutonality and propriety of
protective duties To increase the revenues of the
Government and quicken the enterprise and in
dustry of the people it imposed on foreign imports
unprecedented rates of duty, and thus stimulated
the manufacture of every fabric and ware that
might be produced in a non-tropica1 country Sud
denly mines were opened, factories erected and
the tide of immigration which had shrunk to less
than one hundred thousand per annum, revived,
and people skilled in every branch of industrial art
poured into the country. Railroads, weaving to-
gether remote sections ofthe country We're planned
and constructed as if by magic. We ceased to be
exclusively producers Of raw material for export,
and entered into competition with the nlanufactur-
ing countries of the world for the American market.
In other words, our soldiers, in putting
down the rebellion, not only assured the
integrity of the Union, but the emancipation
of American labor from the conditions of
ssrvitude which jeopardized the Nations
prosperity. The protective policy. of which
Judge Kelly was the foremost advocate, be-
came the policy of the Government at q
| propitious time, and the close of the war
found it too deeply rooted to be overturned
! What it has done for the country glance
at the statistics of single industry will re-
veal. Up to 1860 our annual iron and steel
product had never exceeded $60,000,00O in
value, and the manufacture gave employment
to but $4,000 persons, dispensed but $12, 00o,-
600 in wages, and consumed but S34, 100000
in materials. In 1880, after twenty years Of
protection, the product of this industry was
| 296,000,000, it gave employment to 100000
hands, whose wages amounted to S55, 900, 600
and the value of the materials used was more
than $190,0000oo!
The abolition of slavery, the suppression
of the rebellion, and the rise of American
manufactures are events that will ever be
associated together in the history of the Re-
public as the chief and most precious results
of the war.
The Telephone and the Telegraph.
The question as to whether or not the
telephone is likely to become formidable
rival of the telegraph is one that is just now
attracting a great deal Of attention in business
as well as scientific circles. Its utility as 6