Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1883-01-31
cAHKER WORMS,
The New ard Rapidly Spreading Fruit
Insect Pest.

reply. The descriptions are copied IN full, tC
enable all fruit-growers to readily decide al
the presence of these pests:
SAN LORENZO (Cal.), January %, 1888.
NJ. Cooke, Esq.-Dear Sir: By this morning;
mail send you box Of via's containing "caHkei
worm history" Walls numbered and contain as fol
lows: l. chrysals; 2, male moth 8, female moth
f. empty chrysalis; g. this seasons eggs; 9, last
seasons egg shells. Have found the above last
week. except the chrysals, which one dug W
in June last; but found in the ground last week
good live chrysas, also shell which ! send YOU
The moths appeared first, between Wednesday
noon, January oath, and Saturday, January 18th,
on trees which had been bandaged as an expert
ment. Counted on one tree twenty-eight female
moths and four males all trapped n the tar which
had been placed on the band Mr.. Meek deserves
credit for trying the experiment. All parties who
troubled here last year now engaged in
bandagng their trees 70 prevent any further moths
laying their eggs VIII strong I've destroy what
eggs are now on the tree? In haste yours truly,
A. PRESTON CRANE.
SACRAMENTO, January 30, 1888.
A. Preston Crane, Eaq.. Horticultural
Commissioner. Alameda County-Dear Sir !:
Yours Of the 18th inst. at hand, also package
containing specimens, for which please accept
my thankF. The male moth, two (Eingless)
female moths, and the clusters of eggs de.
posted this season, are undoubtedly specI-
mems Of Antsopteryr poDletG7'ta, or what Is
commonly known as the fall canker worm.
The eggs from last season l am inclined to
think belong to another species known as
Anisopte7ye ceTnata, but later named by
Professor @. V. Riley Paleac7ita ue1natG
There are
THREE SPECIES OF CANKER WORMS
Found in the orchards of this State, two of
which have spread rapidly within the last
three years, namely, 4. p0metarla and p.
ve7nata. For practical purposes it is very
important that you should be familiar with
the appearance of these species, SO as to be
able to distinguish them readily. It is only
by thorough knowledge of the natural his.
tory Of insect pests that successful warfare
can be made for their determination. will
take the liberty Of calling your attention to
the following descriptions of these species Of
canker worms by Professor G. V. Riley, q.
S. Entemologist missouri Reports Nos. z
and 81:
4ARisopteryr pon1etdria, or fall cancer worm /:
Egg-Squarely Cooked at the top, with a
central puncture and brown circle near the
border; Of firm texture, and laid side by side
ia regular rows and compact patches, and
generally exposed. Lsrva-With pair Of
short but distinct pro legs on joint 8. Head
very indistinctly spotted, and dark on top.
Only six superior, broad and very distinct
pale lines, those each side equidistant Dorsum
back dark, without ornament; stimatal
(side) region dark /; sub-dorssl region (ba-
tween dorsnm and stigmatal) pale. Pllieferous
When newly Matched, pale olive green with
very pale head and cervical shield.
cHRYsALIs Oh PUPA
Formed in q perfect cocoon of fine, densely
spun silk of buff color, interviewer on the
outside with particles of earth never break
ing open except by force or purpose. Male
Antanrae over so joints, the longest not twice
as long as wide, each with one pair of fasci
Giles Of slightly curled hair, etc. Abdomen
without spines and often with moderate
brush. Fore wigs, upper surface brownish-
gray, with purplish reflection, the scales on
an average longer and more firmly attached
than in gcrnata. Hind wings, grayish.
brown, with a faint blacklist discal spot
Female (wingless) -Antenr e with over fifty
Joints, the longest hardly longer than broad !;
uniform in diameter without pubescence ;
body and legs smooth, clothed with glisteniug
brown and white truncate scales intermiXed,
giving it an appearance of uniform, shiny,
dark ssh-gray, somewhat paler beneath; alb.
domen tapering rather bluntly behind, with
out exsertile ovipositor no spines on abdo-
men. The wings Of the mala expand from
males measure three eighths Of an inch.
Anisopte1yr pometarid (Harris) Pdleac1itG
veTaata Riley: Egg-Eliptic ovoid, the she'll
of delicate texture, and quite yielding, gener-
ally appearing shagreened or irregularly i'm
pressed, and laid in irregular masses in se-
GREETED places. Larva-No pro-legs on joint g.
Head distinctly
NOTIFIED AND SPOTTED.
The top pale, and two pale, transverse lines
il front. Body vita eight superior, narrow,
pale, longitudinal lines barely observable,
the two lowermost much farther apart than
tbs others 6orsum pale, with median black
spots sub-iorsal region, dark stigmatal
region, quite pale piliferous spots quite
visible and large on j9int II, where the pale
lines generally enlarge into white spots imme-
diately in front of them; when newly Matched,
dark olive-green or brown, with black. shiny
head and cervical shield. Chrysais or pupa-
Formed in a simple eartheH cell, the
earth compressed, and lined with very few
silken threads, so az to form fragile cocoon,
which easily breaks to pieces. Msle-Anten-
nae with not quite forty joints, the longest
mora than twice as long ss wide, each wi h
two psirs Of hair fascicles springing from very
slight later elevations, etc., etc. Abdomen
with the first seven joints bearing each two
transverse dorsal rows of stiff, reddish spines,
pointing posterially. Fore wings, upper sur.
face brownish-grsy, the scales short and
loosely attached Hind wings, color pale-asb,
or very light gray. with dusky discal spot.
Female-AntenI@ generally wi few mere
than thirty joints. the longest about thrice go
long as wide, family CONSTRUCTED in middle
and pubescent. Body and legs pubescant,
clothed with Whitish and brown or black
DENTATE SCALES OR HAIRS;
General coloratisn not uniform. A black
stripe along the middle OF the back of the
abdomen, often interrupted, on tbs second TO
seventh joints, with a whitish patch each
side of its front end. Abdomen tspering
rather acutely behind, and with an exsertile,
twoj ointed, conspicuous ovipositer. Two
rows of spines on back of the first seven
Joints more prominent than in the male, and
often given the back reddish aspect. Male
expansion of wings from seven-eighths of an
inch 10 one inch and one-quarter Female
length of body about one.hird of an inch.
The P. uerRata is commonly called the
spring csnker wcrm. l. w. Coquillett de-
scribes the larva of these species as follows !:
Body provided with twelve legs-Pometaria
Body provided with only ten legs-Vernata.
Pometaria-Body pale greenish, marked on
the back with broad stripe, and with three
white lines on each side CT the body below
the SplEacl9 anu D6lOW tntb IL
q white line; under part flesh color head
brown. Vernata-Body greenisb. marked
on each side with four whitish lines; head
notified pale on the top, and marked on the
front with two pale lines running crosswise.
THE REMEDIES.
In all probability the moths come out Ct
the ground in December, or early in January,
as l found eggs on the 7th inst. You should
advise the use Of heavy paper bands tied on
the trees near the ground and covered with
coal-sar, to prevent the females from getting
up the trees to deposit their eggs. These
bands should be kept on until May, so as to
capture the females CT the spring moths. If
properly applied 1 am certain that solution
of lyc-one pound to each gailon-will de-
stroy the eggs (at least any that it Ieaches).
have destroyed the eggs OF the fall army
worm moth, which are similar in appearance
and structure. Should the females reach the
branches and deposit their eggs, l would adj
wise, on the FIRST appearances of the worms or
Larvae, to prepare solution of one pound of
arsenic boiled in FIVE gallons of water. then
add fftesn gallons Tor ons pound Of arsenic to
each twenty gallons of water ussd). / had
excellent success with this wash last season,
After the trees we're thoroughly spraye ed
twice not living worm was found.
l ana pleased to learn that Mr.. Meek has