Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1883-03-09
PHOENIX, AND RECORD AND FARMER MARCH 1888

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Mr.. Oorser OF Dummerston stated that he
had been offered S12 per head for his whole
flock but they had no pedigree. Some had
bred for pedigree till they had nothing but
pedigree left. He preferred sheep to COWS
he could take care of 200 sheep with about
as little labor as for two or three COWS.
How shall we improve dairy COWS AN
swer by MIR. Pember-Weod out the poor
ones select the best cross common herds
with tho Jersey.
How much cotton seed meal should be fed
to COWS? Answer by Mr. Davis-Two quarts
a day. Cotton seed meal is better than corn
meal and more economical to feed at the
present prices but there is great difference
in the quality Of both cotton seed meal and
linseed meal.
e. II. Pembor of Wells, member of the
Board, read q carefully prepared paper on
"Milk and its Uses" Milk, in its pure state,
he said, was perfect food for man or beast.
1t was the only food which alone would sup
port life from infancy to old age. Milk was
composed of about S7l per cent of water
and II TO ID per cent of other matter, Of
which or per cent was fat, q little over
per cent caseine, and about the same
milk sugar. There was also little min
eral matter, mostly phosphate Of lime,
amounting to fraction of one per cent.
The fat or butter constituent was more varia-
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per cent in very poor milk to 8 per cent
in the best. Four per cent of fat was con-
sidered a rich milk. The proportion Of fat
was less when there was a long time between
milkings. Milk was generally richer in the
morning than at night Twelve hours was
as long as a COW could carry milk without
some loss in quality. The specific gravity of
milk was l02 to 1903, water being 100. He
gave a full description of butter granules
IA. I
| in the process of churning and exhibited
clearly washed butter granules in wide
mouthed glass bottle. The size of butter
globules varies in the milk of different cows.
Large globules are most easily separated.
The milk of farrow COWS has smaller globules
/ than that of new milk COWS. Hence cream
/ from the milk of farrow cows is churned
with more difficulty. The butter gobule in
/ the milk of the Jersey COW is largest, the
/ Holstein smallest. In the Ayrshire it is moro
variable than in other breeds. The milk last
drawn from the udder is richer in butter.
/ On an average it takes 90 to "a pounds of
milk for pound of butter. Eight and one
half pounds of milk to pound of butter is
/ the highest record for richness ever made.
1t is a good COW that yields 20 pounds of
milk per day. A COW has been made to give
more than her live weight in % days. Mr..
Pember strongly advised good care and regu-
lar feeding of COWS in milk, the utmost clean
illness in milking and care to prevent the
milk or cream from absorbing odors. He
was asked what caused white specks in but
ter. They are particles of dried cream, caused
| byexposng a large surface of milk to the air.
Mr.. Davis called for show of hands OF
farmers VINO prscticed deep setting of milk.
dozen hands were raised. He then in
quired of the deep.setters whether they had
ever had specks in their butter since practc.
ing that method. None of them would own
that they had, and it was taken to be conced-
ed that deep setting was remedy for white
specks in butter.
Mr.. Williams of Walpole was repeatedly
called upon to tell how he made butter and
money from his farm. He responded with
great reluctance. He was surprised that
Vermont which was noted for fine butter,
should ask to be instructed by poor farmer
from New Hampshire, a state which made so
much poor butter. He suspected it might
be shrewd device of the Vermont Board of
Agriculture to find out how they managed
over in New Hampshire, to hold it up as a
warning at their future meetings. He said il
he was to try to make the very best butter
without regard to cost he should have a clean,
light room where he could regulate the tem-
perature perfectly, and in that he should set
the milk in open pans But he doubted
whether that would pay in ordinary butter
diaries. 1t would make too much labor in
large diaries. He thought that farmers do
not generally appreciate the possible profits
of darying. The markets now demand fresh
butter, made to-day, packed and sent to mar
ket tomorrow.
Reuben Miller of Westminster sets milk in
deep cans submerged in water at A. The
cream all rises in twelve hours, but he let's it
stand twenty -four hours. lie has sometimes
taken off the cream in an hour and half
and no more of any account has risen. He
could make better butter by this method OF
setting than by any other.
Question-What will kill lice Answer
by Mr.. Davs-Kerosene.
Mr.. Clay Of Putney believed there were
cattle that would have lice anyway-constitu-
tional breeders of them. He had tried all
the remedies including kerosene, on one of
his cattle and as fast as the lice were killed
off others would come to take their place.
Mr.. Williams of Walpole being again called,
gave very interesting account of his expe-
rience as a farmer.
A number of questions. a report of which
we omit, were asked and answered
Rev. j. H. WinSlow of Lunenburgh deliv-
cred lecture Wednesday evening on "E1-
perimental Farm Education and the session
closed with general feeling OF satisfaction
with the work Of the Vermont Board of Ag-
riculture