davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
HOW DIAMONDS ARE cur.
Soft Iron Employed 10 Saw the Hard
est Of Gems In Twain.

There are three processes necessary to
be gone through with between tic rough
stone ard the diamond as you sec it here"
replied the jeweller. First, a piece of
stone the required size must lie cut OF, To
do this We use circular saw made of sheet
iron and without teeth. 1t is work d like
woodworker's saw, and two men stand at
the trea1le. One man holds the stone t. he
cut tightly against the edge of the saw, while
the other, using small leather dipped in
oil, spplts diamond dust to the edge OF the
saw. Tie saw is made Of very ductile
metal, AMI the particles of diamond dust
becoming firmly set in it soon wear through
the hardest stone. Now the piece OF dla-
mond passes 10 the cutting table upon which
10 strapped n wheel running parallel to the
top of the table. The stone is fastened by
cement to the end OF a stick SIX inches long.
The lapidary takes the stick in his riglt
hand and holds the stone firmly against the
wheel until one facet is ground down. Dia-
mond dust aud water are constantly applied
10 the wheel. l lie table and upper flcpls Of the
stone arc cut lhis way, and The stone is then
removed from aud roadiuscd to Tie stick
before the lapidary cuts the under siies,
calets aud remaining facets, Tie stone is
manipulated the same in the third or polish
ing process as in the cutting process. The
wheel however is composed mainly OF lin,
and tripoli and rotten stone ere used n the
polishing r'oocss,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
THENOyEABER ELECTIONS.

Ten States will next week Tuesday hold
elections for various State officers, and
some Of the elections are OF great Importance.
OF the campaign in Massachusetts VIC have
already spoken, and We need only add that
the Republican prospect grows brighter every
day. The New York campaign is as inert
as that in Massachusetts is vigorous; indeed,
the preliminary canvass now going on can
not properly be dgnifed with the name Of
campaign. In New York and Brooklyn, how
ever, the municipal campaigns are sufficiently
lively. In the former, Tammany is trying
to rule the entire Democratic roost, and the
Republicans have every assurance Of large
gains, resulting from the Democracys dis
sensons Ii Brooklyn, Mayor Low, who
was last year elected as q citizens candidate,
and who proved the best mayor the city ever
had, has been rcnominated by the Republi-
cans. He is antagonzed by young man
named Hendrix, a reporter for the New York
Sun, WHO has been nominated by the Demo
erats. 1t will be II sorry day for Brooklyn II
Mayor Low is defeated, but fortunately the
outlook fsvors his reelection by sweeping
majority. Outside OF these two great cities
there Is little in the canvass to attract atten.
ton or arouse interest.
In Penn sylvania quite lively contest is
being waged, with a doubtful issue. Mary
land will elect Governor, nptroller, At.
tprncy-Gcn-ral, Oue-half of the State Sena-
tors, aud all Of he House Of Delegates. Tie
Democratic majority last year was only G210,
aud this year the Republlcaus--who have an
unusual strong ticket hope to redeem the
State. Virginia will elect one-half Of its
Sera ate and it's full iossu OF Delegates. In
1882 the Coalitionist majority over the Dem
ocrats was 5s0S; Coalitonist over Democrat
and colorcd Republican, 1466. Connecticut
will cleo one-haf Of its Senate and its full,
House OF Representatives. In 1882 the Dem.
ocratic majority WAS 3127. Minnesota will
elect Governor, Lieutenant. Governor, Sec
rotary Of State, Treasurer, Attorney General
and Railroad Commissioner, and vote upon
three proposed amendments to the constitu.
ton OF the state which provide % that the
general elections shall be held hereafter in
November in each even year (2) that the
Secretary OF State, Treasurer. and the At. |
Lorney General, shall serve two years, and
State Auditor four years, and 90 fix tho
terms of service OF the Judges and the clerk OF
the supreme court and Of the Judges of the |
District court of the State. The Republican |
majority in 1882 was &C, 1928. Mississippi will |
elect its legislature. The Democratic ma
jorty last year was 10,604. Nebraska will |
elect Justice of its Supreme court and re.
gents Of the State university. In 1882 the |
Republican majority was 90, 172 New Jersey
will elect Governor, part Of lie Senate and it's
'ull House Of Representatives The Demo-
ratio majority last year was 2093. The Re-
'ubcans have strong candidate for Gov
'rnor and the Democrats a weak one, and
| Republican victory would not be surpris.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
Moneurc Conway on tho Chinnman.

M fha 1ufta tuflia
" WV '''1''''''" ''''' .
On board the Australia there Is rather
venerable looking Chipamap. called John
T,ol, ,,bo 10 ,oo,I,, tl;,a ord s.or,e,, do
- '''Do '''' " w
only llght work. when, number Of years
ago, one of The Pacific Mail ships was taking
n carco Of col1 to II,nr Kong n frc broko
.,.,
OUT Tue ohihese sHi!o's were Hehioralzed'
aud this man mainly controlled them, taking
the side Of the officers II was 1orrclv owing
10 him that the crew did no, s, lie everything
for n pira,ical cyncdition The shin sank
and there is so,ne ink about trvinr 10 find
the bats of gold still In hat water The
company would rot mart from lack Tuck
after that They all sneql, highlv of the
Chinese servants on hoard and sur1lv there
could not he better sprvovts Our cooks
are Cinnamon. and only wish thorc we're
such on some Of The Atlantic steamships on
which have travelled. Every dish that
comes on the table has plainly had special
care bestowed on il. and our dailv curry IAN
old traveller tells me- is equal to any that
can be cot in any country. There are on
beard about hundred Chinese. men and
women ON their way 10 sttle in the Sand.
witch Islands. Ever since we left San
Francisco aud even now, VIXEN we are in
the tropics. these pcoplc prefer to cram
themselves like sardines. m their hole
and play dominoes while thly melt, rather
than enjoy their deck and The hret yes that
never fail us. The inner bring of those
Cinnamon mus, be c,lriausly constructed.
The women, several of whom have babies.
do not plav at dcninccs. ur anv,hingese
vet. instead of cnioyiur The onDn air tbev
sit in their small rooms hore,th tho ln,rnr
deck, The Cnn,ain showed me- aronnd Tho
10. ,,.I l.; -, III -. -
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
THE LICK OBSERviTORY.
Progress ofihc Work on the Great GIFT
OF the Cnlifor MIA millionaire.
From the san Francisco Examiner


The supervisors Of Santa Clara county Wis
tied the Lick Observatory on Mount Hamil-
ton last week to inspect its foundations be-
fore paying the bonds held by the Lick trus-
tees. They fourd that the work had greatly
advanced since Their previous visit II year
ago. Already 1854, 900 Of 500 900 bequeath-
I'd for the observatory had been spent, S35 900
being for instruments ard a fine library now
in Washington. The great dome will cost
100000. Captain Frazier, who supervses
the work, has Invented plan by which to
make this dome vast revolving globe. by
I'm improvement of his the dome of the
small observatory may be revolved by
the operator without moving from his posi-
ton. Fell, the French lensmaker, who has
already cast the crown glass, has been unsuc-
cesslul SO far with the flint one. Three Of
the latter kind have broken in the last stages
of their preparation. The observatory, when
completed, will be placed under the charge
of tho State University regents. Professor
Holden of the Washburnc Observatory in
Wisconsin, is spoken of for the position of
The university astronomy
classes will be taken to the observatory at
stated periods for practical study. The OBJ
scrvatory is expected to draw so many visit
ors that the Lick trustees propose erecting a
hotel next Summer on the nat lying west OF
the pcak
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

1t would produce mismanagement of the
same kind In any other species OF business.
Managers of railroads who have in their
hands the property OF distant or ignorant
stockholders behave about it exactly as oil
other men similarly situated would behave.
Managers or banks of trust companies or in
surance companies would act just like them
If they were not more closely looked after.
If the Wall Street brokers could open an Of
flee where any one who chose could get in
formation, which cannot be withheld without
absolute dishonesty, in reliable shape about
any particular piece of properly dealt In on
tho exchange-the kind OF information
which, for instance, feed lawyer furnishes
about title to land or the validity Of . rail-
road nortgaee-they would secure them
selves an enormous amount Of business from
timid PEOPLE who now avoid Wall Street.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
SsIEIsMAN'S RETIREMENT.
Iieutcnant-GencraI sheridan to Sue
ceed Iiim-Sketci, OF the Career of
the Now Commander oil alur q rinY


cced Iiim-Skeici, OF the Career Of
the New Commander of CUR q rmy.
The resignation of General Sherman,
which takes effect next Thursday, will re-
suit In an almost entire change Of officers OF
the higher grade, especially in the military
division of the Missouri. General Sh, rman,
anticipating the statutory requirement that
the commandment chef of the army shall be
retired at the age OF 81, will go into private
life after having held the title Of general 10
years. He will be ca years of acc February
8, 1884. Upon his retirement the title of
general will expire, his successor in COM
mand of the army of the United States
retaining his present title of lieutenant
general. On the 29h lust. Lieutenant
General Sheridan will leave Chicago for
Washington 10 assume command of the
army. He will be accompanied by Lieutcn-
ant-Colonel Mike Sheridan, military secretary,
General Sheridan is now Sc years of age,
and will have twelve years TO remain at the
head of the army unless he should sooner
voluntarily resign. He graduated at West
Point in 1853 and since the war he has been
located at various points, having been in
Chicago in command of the military division
of the army of the Missouri for the last half
dozen years. Until 1875 the general had
fought his way through life alone, but in thai
year eliminated in Chicago the results of q
courtship running lack for several years, and
the honorcd veteran, whose hair already bore
evidence of the cncroachmcnt of time, was
welded with appropriate ceremonies
in the city OF Chicago to the daughter
Ut. Brevet Major General Hooker. Mrs. Sheri-
dan, who is credited with bciag consid-
erably younger than the general, is petite
little woman, and in this respect resembles
the general himself. She has an apple. shap.
ed face, dark eyes and hair and is credited
with having mind of her own on most
topics, which even the general himself does
not care to question. A short time ago some
Of the leading citizens Of Chicago purchased
an elegant residence in Washington, d. c.,
at cost of $4,000, which they presented to
The general.
Major-General Schofeld, who has for a
year past been in charge of the Pacific coast
division Of the army, will arrive in Chicago
October 80, and will take immediate charge |
d the affairs Of the army of the Missouri.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
A SOUTHERN ROMANCE.
The Contents of an old SAFE Discovered
and Given to a Peuniless Girl,

| The correspondent of one of the Cincinnati
papers, writing from jamestown, N. c.,
says: This quaint old place, which lies in
the centre of one of the Quaker settlements,
was during the war favorite resort of ref
ugeos,' by which name were designated
those nersDns whose homes IN the eastern
section of the State were Inside the danger
| line. or in counties already held by the Fed
eral troops. In this sleepy town these found
n haven of refuge, and made themselves
comfortable, to remain while the war lasted.
They brought here their money, and the old.
fashioned back stored Confederate bonds and
currency in great amounts The crash came
IN tn fatal 1855, and Stonemaa's raiders
whirled down so near that most of the ref
ugees prepared to fly. little later the war
ended. The big Old safe, US solemn as the
grave and as chary OF its secrets, was
shut. But few of the depositors had
withdrawn the now valueless currency ii
contained. Some OF the refugees had dled /;
others had been suddenly called away 9TH
.rs at the last moment, amid all the excite
ment OF the hour, left The bank, dead
cornoratinn. ceased to exist, dying as II had
liyed-laz,ly. Years rolled by, each making
The old safe and its secrets more solemn STILL
ms it stood cobwebbed in one of tho lower
rooms of the gloomy old bank building. Ru
mors of lis contents being of value began to
becrca,edin the fertile tield-imsg ination, and
IL was whispered that in its deep recesses lay
piles OF solid silver, vast quantities OF bonds,
iewelry worth princes ransom, and, finally,
the contents of the safe became matter Of
conjecture. Last wear the boom in con-
fedcralc bonds began. Sleepy Old jamestown
was inscnsible to boom" The word was too
new. What of it? But nevertheless one
day two hoary headed old officers OF the long
dead bank hohbed to ii, opened the door
and entered the musty room, in recess of
which sat the great safe They tried the
lock; it would not open. a locksmth was
sent for. but even his efforts were unsucccss-
full The old men gave up the attempt, but
took up the work. Keen Spectators
bent their hearts on getting into the safe. A
man, modern in his ideas, SAID he would see
hat it was forced, but kept his own counsel |
On Wednesday last another procession, If so
il might be termed, entered the building, one |
If the men who composed it being man |
whose bullet head and cropped hair gave him |
he aspect of q criminal. He looked at the |
;afe. The others retired. Half an hour later |
here was an explosion. Returning, the
party found the door of the safe open. The
nan, pardoned convict from the peniten-
iary at Raleigh who in bygone days had
,cen ''cracksmau," had made speedy
work concerning the antique safe. The old
nan, ex-convict two Spectators IN Com
ederate bonds aud u half-dozen other spec
a!ors were in the room, whileoutslde we're
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

lively slight, the sentiment in favor Of such
legislation has evidently gained strength.
In number, even of the counties which
gave majorities for Hancock in 1850 ma
jorties were east in favor Ct the amend
ment, and 1t is estimated that one-thrd Of
the total prohibition vote was cast by Demo.
Gratis. In the cities, however, where the
liquor interest is strong, the tide Of scnti-
ment runs almost rs strongly in the other
direction, the opposition being swcllcd by
the votes of some temperance people who
believe that license Is more practicable
check to in.empcrance than prohibition,
and who in Ohio desired the maintenance
OF the Scott law rs the most elective aud
practicable measure of repression.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
THE RAILROADS.,

TIC building Of railroads continues 10
maintain immense proportions. For the
quarter ending September 30Ih, according to
mat excellent trustworthy paper Bul,ioa,
1917 miles were built being 2}5 miles more
than were built during the Fix months endjpn
June 5oth, 1883, and making total new line
mileage for the three quarters past of This
year OF 4,279 miles, and the tlia mileage of
the country 12O,CSs miles. The mileage
under construction is almost wholly 10 the
hands OF rich corporations or syndica,es. and.
the weather permitting, We shall see a total
mileage for 1888 Of $500 to 1900. Taking
the experience Of the Middle States ms a
measure, our present population, as now
distributed, requires fully double our preson,
railroad mileage, and construction will bas,on
to this end. The main building will be feed.
ers 10 ard extcns ions Of existing lines Will
The completion Of the Canadian Pacific tho
trunk system OF the cop,iron, worth, ~, A..
leo will be ample for long period
The total ierolted liabilities Of the roads
amount IN round numbers to 81. 200, OO0 OOO
nearly 100000 per mile, being about 1 per
cent greater Than The average habili,v NOR
mile in 1851 Qhe era OF 'hiCh prices"), or
much less than actual cost of permsnent i'm
proVehehts made tince 1881. The gross
earnings OF our roads TO Oct. wero about
so4o'ooo'oOo, and the net earnings for tn.
same period at e24S, coo, 900, there being
normal increase in the gross earnings for
ne Zine months, with prospects for much
'a'Eer increase in the last quarter of the
year. The net earnings have fallen behind
tic increase Of tie gross by ransom nj ,bo
unnecessarily low ro,e, d., -, '"'
Tho cors,s - ,eoo D-' navy Pie'Aieu'
So. VI i0o0 sho"eu 'hnt The average
iielght rate Oh the entire county was then
l.20 cents pei ton per mile Tho oxo,.co
WAS reduced in 1850 .ooor,;a, ~,
10 ! ooa,a '''o'ui"S 10 hir' Foor,
e'n.s le' ION per mile, since when it
mas peeh further reduced TO greater degree
than increase Of efficiency spd oooro,,,a1 +.
operation 'N'No"ies III
ihese iuc's and iignres are certainly en-
couraglng, but is is nevertheless true th,,
there has been an average 5ec,ira ~ 90 49,,
cen, in railroad soo,.l., =, VI ~ pr
to,,a.,,. zoo, III 'hc TWO years
io'i'"ing 1901 ana the market is at this mo
ment in very unsettled condition This
boweyer is n uoon,,I,~,,
and ,hor, :. 'S punt, exclusively,
10 W reason TO believe that the
general public will suffer by it. The Losses
fall almost wholly upon those who hro,,o,,,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

Senator Edmunds has written letter to tic
secretary OF o Republican meeting in Mss.
sachusetts in which he says: ~ am sure that
every real Republican (aud l should hope
every real Democrat looks with interest
and confidence for the success OF your caudi-
da'e in the approa. hing election. per.
sonally know Mr.. Robinson to he one
OF the most capable, upright and iudepcn-
dent men l have ever had the pleasure to
meet, and he represents principles and pol
ICY that all Americans who desire good gov
ernment can respect. What the other ticket
really represents students Of chaos must de.
scribe.' Senator Morri! writes at would
please me much to say good word in behalf
OF your candidate for governor, now bearing
himself SO calamity. whose excellence crops
out In oil his character, and il elected, rs |
trust there is no doubt he will be, that excel
lencc will not be found confined solely to his
tiiln ~
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
BLOWN TO FRAG ENTs.
Explosion OF 400 Pounds OF Dynamite,
Killing five Men-The Noise Heard
so Miles - The Shock Felt Seven
Milea AwuY,

PiTTssUEG, Pa, Oct. 20.-Twelve hun
dred pounds of dynamite exploded at Brooks
Tunnel on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad
yesterday. killing FIVE men, the crew of a
freight train a short distance from the scene
The men were walking along the track. The
dynamite was stored in magazine. Trees
were uproo,ci Ind rocks blown into the
river by the explosion. At the spot where
the magazine stood the solid rock was
scooped out hundred feet square aud thirty
feet deep. The report was heard 80 miles
distant. Windows were broken seven miles
away. Three of the killed are George Rey-
nolds, engineer; Tyce, 6agman Ham
mond, switchmap. The others are black
smith and helper, names unknown. Rey-
nolds was blown over the hillside. Only
foot, hand and portion of his leg were found,
Fragments Of the others were gathered up
but were unacceptable. Hammond was
accompanied by his father, who remained on
the train and escaped unlnjured. A gun
has been found near the scene. 1t is sup
posed one of the victims discharged ii, the
coucussion making the dynamite explode.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

tFtoM the West Randolph licfaid)
some Of the State papers seem to be quite
interested in the u,siion, "Who is to sue
coed Senator Morill?" I4i, not little pre-
mature to try aud settle that question? II
senator Moiril's health Is spared he Will
he his Own successor rev
from any State, have been more
useful, or dore more gooN, ~ thaplng legls-
lation lie has oarned NalonaI reputa-
ton and has honored the name cf vermont
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

The supreme court OF Massachusetts has
made an unexpected decision in = recent
case, that selliI g liquor over an open bar is
Illegal in that State. l, appears that one of
Inc PROVISIONS Of the old rrohibtory law
has never been repealed, which for
bias the maintaining of open bars, selling to
minors or druukards. or on Sunday. The
law has been in existence for Yeas hut la!
become dead letter Under it Massachusetts
may yet be able to secure partial prohibition.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

That eccentric divine Rev. Thomas X
Beecher advances the theory that it might
sometimes be IAN act of supreme consider.
ateness aud generosity for a person who
had become hopeless and useless to take his
own life. The avowal of such doctrine bv
sclergyman naturally aroused discussion.
and other ministers were sounded on the
question. ut is not only murder but be.
trayal OF trust God-given," says Mr.. Tai
mage; mo sane person has moral right 10
shorten his lfe," writes DR.. Cuylcr; "self.
murder Is murder" declares Joseph Cook.
The one clerical defender OF suicide il that
seeker Of notorlety, Rev. DR.. Hough;on Of
New Haven, Conn, who few SUNDAYS
ego, took it upon himself to decide from the
pulpit who committed the mysterious muir.
der OF Rose Amber at Stratford. lie think.
that when an individual has ceased to enjoy
this life an Is longing for the life 10 come
IL he has performed all earthly duties well
and leaves no obligations behind, no "bas a
right to .oross tho bridge that spans the
chasm between time anil eternity" So far
as heard from the Beecher party constitutes
minority Of two.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
OH Sire Dress.
Tcr,n.-s2.ooa year, way. In advance

Anna Dlckinson's regular AM usl collapse
in the show business comes a little early in
the season this year. She and her company
are now stranded In Detroit. where their
manager cruelty abandoned Them, though he
fret provided thom with tickets 10 New
York. Mss Dickinson was starring as wo-
man, but she met with no better success than
when she was doing her unparalleled 'Clsude
Melnotts" act. Miss Dickinsou's determina-
tion outruns her discretion.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02
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Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1883-11-02

In San Francisco the oth,r day the CUES
ton "Who was the father OF his country ?"
was answered by one half tho children,
George Washington liz Tier half yelled
"Denis Kearncy." This 81, VS. that Kear.
ney's influence is declining --Iai,atelphia
cal.