The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1883-04-26
Drawing the Lines

that the leaders Of the old Consecutive
party OF the State were the old Faeral-
lists or Wings, who had complete ctatrol
OF the combination, and having no DIRTY
| OF their own to return to, it did not init
them at all to leave the concern and he
left high and dry. They have not OILY
held the control of that party but have
mlsled many Democratic members of the
conservative coalition away from thei1
Faith and made converts Of them to the
Old Federal ideas. Men whose fathers
declared the State to be sovereign and
backed their declaration with their prop
erty and their lives, cry aloud for laws to
compel the State to do this thing or that.
''But with all their trimming and adroit
management of public opinion, these old
Conservatives have failed to make any
Democrat take up and advocate their
abominable notions on the tariff" And it
is the s'crucial test of Democracy. that
the Exponent proposes now to apply, and
does it in the following fashion. 1t says:
For ourselves we are opposed to tolerat-
ing any longer the shut your mouth poll
cy, particularly in regard to the tariff. We
do not believe that as many as tenth Of
the Conservative Democratic party want
a protective tariff, or want to keep silent
on the subject. We are certain that a
tremendous majority of the Virginia peo-
pie. are Democrats and want a tariff ''for
revenue only.o If there are any Virgin
lans who want protection, y the Demo-
cratic party is no place for them. They
will have to getit from the Republicans.
So if they don't want to join the Republic
can party, they had better stop clamoring
for what no other party will give them.
That is plain truth. The tariff question
is distinct, we'll defined issue between
the two parties, and those who are for free
trade should at once align themselves with
the Bourbon wing of the Democratic
party, and those who are for developing
the material resources of the country,
building up industries, giving employment
to labor and enriching the nation, should
stand with the National Republican party,
The Exponent is much more manly than
many of its contemporaries, who would
smother this vital issue-who want the
flesh pots regardless of the means by
which they are grasped, and who would
advocate anything and do anything to get
place and plumber. The lines should be
lrawn on the tariff question and all who
are in favor of British Free Trade and adj
gancing foreign interests, take sides with
The Bourbon Democracy, and all who are
sor American interests and American
progress protecting the free labor and
manufacturing enterprises of this coun-
'ry against the pauper labor of Europe,
should unite with the Republicans. The
is engaged in good work in
making every man show his hand. If he
s Democrat let him so announce by
standing to Demoeratic.doctrine, and if he
$ not Democrat let him say so, and
make such political association us will aid
n defeating the pronounced and anti-Amer-
can notions of the Democratic party.
The Henderson Basic Process.
The United States Patent Office has
granted to Mr.. James Henderson. of Belle
onte, Pa, patent number 374,8S9, dated
March q, 1888, covering process for ''the
efining OF crude iron for foundry purposes.
md for the production of wrought iron and
# steel by the removal therefrom of the
almost always found associated
With crude iron.n He received an English
,atent covering the same process on Nov.
}, 1870, number 2,940. The following is
,art OF the specification The melted iron
s charged into a furnace, converter, or
'ther vessel having basic lining, and is
ubjected in such furnace or vessel to the
Iction of a calcareous agent and Of a blast
" jets Of air OF of air mingled with oxygen
The ordinary silicious lining of
he converter or furnace is to be covered
With a supplemental lining formed from
'ome basic.material adapted to such use
\ If the metal were charged di-
'ectly upon sihcious lining, the silica of the
lining would interfere with the proper
sction of the purifying agent.
In using an oxide lining Of the character
sbove indicated, the material selected may
De applied in the form of a paste, or it may
De rammed in behind a form ;or, if capable
If being made into brick, las is the case
with magnesia when treated by the Carron
process, as set forth in Diagler's Polyechnic
Journal of 1858, volume 1S9, pages 10 and
III J the supplemental lining may be made
If such brick.
The calcareous purifying agent which l
prefer to use is fiuorspar land the preferable
node of using it is to apply it in the form
If coating to the supplemental oxide
lining above spoken of. Another mode of
lsing it is to introduce it into the furnace
u converter in a linely-diyided state, which
nay be effected by blowing it in with the
cts of air ; or it may be introduced into
he vessel or furnace before the charge of
METAL, in which case preferably it should be
subjected to heat sufficient to render it
7iscid before the metal is charged upon it.
The action of the molten metal upon the
luorspar is to melt it and decompose it,
he fluorine combining with, the silica or sill
con of the metal and removing the same,
II the greater part thereof, in the form of
/ vapor OF gas. The metallic base of the
luorspar, which consists of calcium, be-
comes oxidiZed into lime, and this lime
combines with the phosphorus and forms
flag If other agents be used
or the removal of the silica, other calcare-
Jus substances-sucha as lime-may be used
instead of fiuorspar for the removal of the
The purified metal produced by the above
process may he used either to form castings
II to form steel: OF all the carbon may be
SO as to make the product wrought
ron. The character of the product will be
determined by the amount of oxygen intro
luced into the converter, and also by the
mount of carbon contained in the iron,
md it will of course vary according to the
of the carbon which the opera
or wishes to remove.
1t is not claimed that there is any novel
" in lining a furnace or converter with q
)asic lining. Such lining is suggested by
Leon Talabot in u French patent rs early
IS 1857, as one but not his preferred mode
Of preparinga Bessemer converter for the
practice of his special process. So. also, in
The English patent of Du Motay, No. 1883