Mohave County miner., 1883-09-09
The Mining Law of England.

In England and Ireland the crow
 has the right to all mines of gold ant . silver; but where these metals ar
 found in mlnes of tin, copper, iron
 or other baser metal, then the crowl
 has only the right to take the ore a
 a price fixed by statute.
 As a general rule, whoever is tho
 owner of freehold land, has a righi
 to all the mines underneath the sur.
 face, for his absolute ownership ex-
 tends to the centre of the earth
 When the land IS gwen by will or
 otherwise to tenant for life, while a
 third party has the reversioD, then 1 the tenant for lie is held to be en-
 titled not to open mines which have
 never before been opened, but to car
 ry on such as have been open, and
 are going mines. It is not uncom-
 mon for one person to be tie owner
 of the surface of the ground. and ap- other be the owner of the mines be-
 heath, or several persons may bf owners of different kinds of mines lying above each other in the differ ent strata.
 Many questions have been raised lately between railroad companies and mine owners as t0 their respect i've rights and liah1 ities Nh.a ; railroad passes thruneh n:nin4 country, it is generally optional witl the owner to sell to the comp&ny
 merely tue surface of the lands, re- serving to himself the miues beneath and 1t Is usually provided that, fl ever the owner work his mlLes so near to the railroad as to eudanger It's stability, the company must havt notice of that fact. and hen, if uec- may purchase the mines i'm under the railroad. Bn the courts have determined that evel though the owner of the land re- serves his right to minerals he + nevertheless prevented, by commo; Jaw, from working the mines imme- diately under a railroad, so as to en- danger :he use of the same
 The practical working of mines snd collieries Tn any part ot Grea; Britain has been controlled by cer- tain recent acts of parliament, with view to insure the greater safety oi he persons working them, and t' prevent the employment of wome and children. Thus. the owners of mines are prohibited by statute iron any female whatever, IL any underground or eratiOn. More )ver, boys under twelve years of age cannot be lawfully employed by any nine owner, under pepalty of $50. No proprietor or worker of mine or .olliery IS allowed to pay the wages # his men to any saloon keeper, or my person connected with that bus ness. No person under the age oi ighteen can be employed at the en- j rance of any mine, nor can he have large of the engine or wlndlass, or ther machinery and tackle for let ing down and bringing up the mel.
 Inspectors are appointed by the q government for the exp! ess purpose f visiting the mines, and seeing that v be statutes in regard to them are with, Whenever an in pector, on examination, finds any hing dangerous or defective in the f nine, he is bound to give notice to i; he owner, so that 1t may be amend f d. In ease of accident occurring in r he mlne, caused by explosion. ana :, esulting in loss of life or bodily in .. 1ry, the owner IS bound, within !, hours thereafter, to send otice to the secretary of state, and 1, 3 the district inspector ot mines. z. pecifying the probable cause of the I ccideDt. ,