The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1883-02-15
e.n,,omaun,s Latost FINDS.

echficmanp's latest Finus.
$50 rxc,varIoNs OK TuE sPor WHERE nluM
M sqoop roR THOUSAND YEARS.
Professor schliomaun TINS writes from
A,hrns 10 the London Times under date
~ January 20ih: In letter headed ne
Archaeological Discoveries I'd Tue Le,an',
Sa,sd Athens. 18th uiiimo, ana puhilsned
,n The Times Of TIE 10Th instant, u - Sateo
tbs, .sihe resumption Of my excavations &c
uissarllk has failed 10 develop anything
.orGrmatorv OF my HAN hypothesis, ana
,bot the famous qualification OF CIVILIZATION
Witch was supposed to testify TO the cN-
tre,oe antiquity Of the city Is shown to be
,,n,e,able.p The anonymous writer Is
evidently no archWologiSt. Moreover, he
doc not spe.k Of my excavations from per-
son,l inspection. nor docs he seem 70 nave
3 ,bc slightest knowledge OF what has been
,I,i,.oD on the n'joct since August last.
cxcavascd IN 1882 for five months
,,on,cI,. from March 1si till August lst-
c,nrloying a,l the time $50 iahorers, and
oidcd DIV TWO 81 the most eminent archi-
,efis az Enropc-Mr. !. Hotter, Of Vienna,
and Dr. william D6rpfeld, Of Berlin, the
iet,er O. whom superiutended for four
vcsrs me technical part O. the excavations
of the German empire at Olympia. Not
only have these excavations been no fail
rrc. hut. on the contrary, they have yielded
far more important results than all my
nreyi0us excavations at i.i~-Wlik since
$50. The succession Of five prehis-
toric and two later settlements, as given
by mcin "Iiios,' is confirmed by myarchi-
tccis fsce Dr. D0rplcld'S letter in the
hpgsJiTqtr ALcgcmciRe /Ciiung OF scplcm-
Ter %. 1852, and an extract Of il in the
dcq7emgo! October IAN. who have, how
ever. proved 10 ne that the enormous
masses Of calcincd dEtTie, which ! had at-
frUntod 10 thc third city, really belong TO
HE second city, which persisted in some
fearful catastrophe, and which had on Che
biil ~ His-ar.ik only is Ptrcalnoss with
i've on six cdihccSol very large dimensions,
While .is lower city extended cast, south,
and west on t1c plateau.
We have eXcayatcd most carefully al The
buildings Cf the AcropClis, among which
two, OF very large proportions and with
walls respectively 1 metre - ard / metre
- Thick. seem 10 us, Tor many reasons, to
De temples. Nothing could better prove
the great antiquity Of these buildings than
the fact that they were built OF unbakcd
bricks. and that The walls had been baked
IN stu by huge masses Of wood piled up
on both sides OF each wall and kindlcd
simultaneously; each OF these buildings
has vast yc>tibulum, and each Of the
front faces OF The lateral walls is
also provided with six vertical quad
ranguar beams, which stood on we'll
polished bases, tie lower part Of which was
preserved, though, OF course, In q calcincd
state. We therefore see that in those an
ci.ut Trojan temples the CHi@ or pGrdS-
fqdrs. which In later Hellenic temples full
filed only q technical purpose. served here
rs an important clement Of construction,
for they were intended 10 protect the wall
ends and 90 render them capable OF sup
porting the poDdcrouS weight Of the super
incumbent crOs.bcams and The terrace.
We found similar primitive 0niG in two
other Cdiiccs, and ut the lateral walls Of the
northwestern gate.
Weais found that the great wall Of the
ancient AcropOiis had been built of un-
baked bricks. and had been baked like the
temple walls IL stu. / lay stress on the fact
that similar process OF baking entire walls
has never yet been discovered, and that the
Opi03 in the Hellenic temples are nothing
else than "reminiscences OF the wooden QntP
Of old, which were OF important con-
structiye use. We discovered in the AcrOp-
oils Of the second city three large gates.
all Of winch led down TO the lower city.
Homer knew Of only one gate at Troy Qhe
ScPan, sometimes also called the Oar
dauian Gate, but tins gate was on the
wet side Of the lower city. The gates OF
the PCrgamus are never mentioned in the
poems. The three prehistoric settlements
which succeeded each other in the calciDed
ruins OF the Acropolis were poor and in
significant. and none Of them extended
beyond the hill Of IliSsarlik. The ruins
OF the lower city, therefore, remained de-
serted for ages, the bricks crumbicd away,
and the stones OF the walls served the new
settlers on IiissaIhk for building their
houses, or, as the legend ran, (see Strabo,
NIL, j99,) they were used for building
the walls Of sigeum.
The site was in later times occupied by
the .EOlic Hum, which stood for more than
one thousand years; but. nevertheless, the
traces Of The ancient burnt city have not
been Cb.i.erated; the huge masses OF pre-
historic pottery, perfectly identical with
that OF the second city on the Pergamus,
which were found Ia the extensive eXcaya-
tions made by lie on the lower plateau,
testify to IT, existence on the spot. It's
existence seems further 10 be proved by
the vertical wall represented in EIlios,"
-. ~, r. . Il. as we'll rs by
the three gates, and, above all, by
the er0und-pan and The number O! loose
edihces in the PCrgamus. l have now eX-
ca,a,ed the latter entirely, and for this
reason alone the excavation at Troy must
be considered as terminated forever.
have also cxcayated seven more Of the
c0nical tumul, called heroic tombs, and
have thoroughly explored The ancient city
Ci the heights Of Bunarbashi. as well as
the sites OF four other ancient towns.