The Penn's Grove record., 1883-09-29
Agricultural
Flowing Under Clover.

ly practiced in this section, with the
difference that now the top is mostly
cut off and saved for hay, and only the
roots, with what foliage cannot be
moved, turned under. One fact about
the recently cut clover hay may not
generally be known. 1t is that so long
as the clover is standing the soil will be
as hard as a brick, and almost unplow-
able but if plowed within three or
four days after the clover has been re-
moved the soil will turn up with COM
paratiye ease. l have noticed two in
stances of this within the last month,
and it is a fact which l have never be-
fore seer recorded. That the mass of
clover foliage should dry the soil rapidly
is not strange. The inexplicable part
of it is that after this foliage has been
removed, without any rain, the soil
should become friable and comparative
ly moist. 1t may be that the process of
drawing water from the subsoil, which
with full foliage is at cnce e~vaporated,
goes on with little interruption for a
time after the foliage is removed. The
surface roots will thus be made very
sappy, just as the sap exudes from the
stumps of vigorous trees cut in spring
after the flow of sap has begun. Prob
ably the effect in helping the blowing
by removing the summer foliage would
not be the same with-plants not having
the long deep roots of clover. The ex-
periments of Voelcker have shown that
clover makes the best preparation for
wheat after the second crop of hay is
removed. The soil is then richer in
fertilizing material than at any previous
stage of clover growth. 1t is its bene+
fetal effects on the subsoil that makes
clover so good a preparation for wheat.
Other foliage plants, with roots ear
the surface, are of little value"
Mr.. Charles Hoyey says many fruit
growers ignore what is a consideration
to the housekeeper, the size and persis-
tence of strawberry stems and hulls.
Where the hulls are large and adherent
the waste is considerable, and the ber-
ries are often crushed in attempting the
removal.
"A prominent Californian, who has
fifty acres in the raisin grape, says when
ever grapes become Improbable for
raisins he a make money by feeding
them to hogs. He contendsthat grapes
will fatten hogs faster than any other
known food-from two to three pounds
per day.
II. s. Gold, of West Cornwall,
Conn, says that the worm which pro-
duees gapes in chickens is propagated
in the ground. He has grounds so in
fected that it is impossible to raise one
out of a dozen chicks when allowed to
range ON it, while adjoining fields are
entirely free from the malay.
Oliver Baker, of Fulton county,
Georgia, thrashed from Twenty-Five
and one-half dozen sheaves Of 'sStraw-
berry, oats Twenty-Five bushels from
fifty dozen of ''Red Rust-Proof'' oats,
fifty bushels, and from fifty dozen
"Burt'' oats, grown on n and one
quarter acres, fifty bushels.
Crop reports from Russia are favor
able. The great wheat growing coun-
try of Russian Poland expects an aver
age crop. The important country to the
north of the Black Sea, from Odessa to
the Azef, has been freshed by timely
rains, and gives promise of a good yield
of wheat.
The scarcity and high price of black
walnut timber should induce farmers to
cultivate this valuable tree. Young
men especially should pay attention to
the culture of black walnut. There are
always places on the farm wlere they
can be grown, which are not occupied
by other products.
The annual moulting season of
fowls is now at hand, which Is some
times a criticalperiods with them. This
transformation of the feathery covering
is a great drain upon the system. They
should be fed literally at this time with
a varied supply of food, and allowed an
extended range to wander over.
Over 80, 900 head of cattle and many
thousand sheep are now feeding on the
plains of Wyoming Territory, and many
more of both species on those of the
State of Texas, and yet there are many
who hesitate to admit that the gras:
| CROP is the most important natural pgo
| duct of this country.
Rye production in Russia is abou
GOO, 000, 900 bushels, and in some year
goes above 700, 0OO, 900 Germany abou.
300, 600, 900 ; France, 10, 200, 900; Aus
tro-Hungary, 100, COO, 900 total of thes'
countries, 1915, 0O0, 900 bushels. Tn
average annual wheat production
in these countries is about 100000
bushels.
A writer in the Country Gentlemd
recommends the soaking of the WOO
composing a summer house in crud
petroleum, saying it will make any con
mon wood nearly OF about as durabl
as cedar, besides imparting to it
rich brown color. 1t would be a
excellent idea to apply the sam
pr~eservative to trellises, etc, o
lawns.
The Country Gentleman recon
ments planting English ivy on the ban
ground under trees where grass wi
not grow adding that where the VIII
tiers are too severe forit when trained 0
walls ii will often remain uninjure