New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1882-08-31


lander TO build his hue the waters edge The
Morayan settlers have been obliged, th once 10
move inland the poles upon winch their large boats wero
aud the old poles still remain beneath the Watr az
silent witnesses of the change. uyers Principles OF
more Ike that TO brought forward the second
KIND Of proofs Of change ofleyeL
OTHER EVIDENCES REGARDING CHANGE or LEyRL
,. Artificial structures works Of men furnish other
evidence regarding this change Of level AT South.
| arIpton on Long Island. the first settlement
made by the English In 1910. and the bond was lail
out I'm farms and fields before 1850 One Of the fields
near the seashOre and little west OF the village pond
was fenced III at that early day The fence posts must
have been set IN the meadow sod immediately behind
the beach All traces OF tins fence were lost sight Of IN
within a few years the sand beach having bfen driven
inward 40 "A 10 entirely bury IT, But now after long and
violent storms which away the sand lai or
Storm bcacht- the Old pOss ana the MEADOWS IN which
they were set are washed clean and they on
TIE meadow sod Il st tough and firm, and the tracks
OF cattle ana horses show plainly IA rs they I'D
when they made, which 300
more years In that time tine sand beach moved
war1 It, wn0lc breadth more and the surface of
made by storm tides two three eet above ordinary
mgn water, and the several Intelligent gentlemen resi-
G'hls OF southampton whom met, ana VINO hdd sen
them at different times, judged mat tney were NJ"
covered by from four seven feet of sand should
other opportunity present am m hopes tDls change
| Ol IeVol can be asceriainci accurately.
The rst settlement near Barnegat was made a. early
lG9O farms cultivated the fertile soils whee
they first located They were Only "A few iee above
them and which always at tue level of ordinary
gh water. Ihc first settemen which really occupied
|
,s m ynic tn aei1s were last cnli iyiei can us be
distinguished The change or level here cannot De less
| than Two feet and It may De mucn more than that
ON the beach at the seaside about live miles below
B4rncgat Inlet, tiere were settlements made by whale
fishers early 1890 and they had houses Dult, AMI
kaDf animals on the beach and the adiO4ing silt
meadows. There also timber swamp extending
along the inside Of the beach Tor Two miles or more
Tnr SCH encnt was long since abandoned,
the san OF the beaches has been moved inward several
hundred yards, tie timber in the swamp - nearly an
killed ne stuup- some or them eli -
be- seen standing the II 80 tide beach. ca digging
down ina whether tncy were IN tncir original places
81 growth, founi them sill In me swamp ealh th
tie bark and tb Ols ROOFS tched ana that tie surface
me swamp elrth was fully three iect below te lcVl
o. the sand which lmbcd ed them aud ~ low II
not lower than ordinary higl Waiei-Piute 20
low tor cedar trees 10 grow now. Two or uhi'n
p ii'ohs Who nave Decn long ldHIhr WIN inc D'"Iit
enrr hdt, for long distance th'ra, there l. 1aI5
meadow -Oi To oe seen projecting 0ht o. t"e otIa" "d
near io|-"atcr maik-aho on ms ile{ nay ro'n ~
tracks OF horses, cdtto and sleep distinctly mirA'u.
Iltsc are only ehpose1 amer iols ana Noon' ,S ILL.,,
winch waste ~ he sant ana carry on, 1o ga" M
are aga covered ~ sand when me waves are rs pow.
cllui aud the roll Oi TIE ocean o'1s ll'h ,', u t
piles II IN IN lat ana H',cpeI-0oP.3 S'i ~ - ~ va,
uAes. Tracks wold nc COZ crc1 ana pit'eIHci ~ t1
waste OF tie ocean through Qlades or 10" pare 81 80
beach, which would carry Iot ward lIe Sane a' '.P'.
Ii on tue surface Oh tue meadow, and IN Wind hh"y
IN sc circumstance certainly IN icae caan-r or Yc.
.ud Oh the SEA upon Tue Land "hln ,he pA't ~
Thc land on the eastern shore OF Delaware Bay was
taken 40, and ats beunas early ~ Io)D In he
glOnd ia ,he meadow, were cleared aud tlrn hui.iAs,
er ctcd ON them ana me i"rhs "erS euuv9,ca ,"s
p
il -5n '1'' r' M t@5 i,ic,tS, a vertical
upon tHehl, ln7 u"' 49, - ,l,'' .,,'.,r =
I'M, consequences al TINS change in level 20 be
everywhere along tuc reasnorc, u lts rapid coi-
u1r- wearing away by The action or lie waves FROM
Florida 40 Greenland n hts been mentioned IN tne
in lgf OF tui, plpcT fact. ricI show chat Tins
Is e cast ~ Instances 100 or 90 feet ia nfe".h
nave been worn from The snore WITHIN tae Last Oily
lie cause that Is with tne change oi eNel tha' n''s
not seem necessary mere % cite case-. Apoh~ III
Gc,. of IN. cnange is tnat making TIE l0W-ylrg up
ano- INTO tide M adDws ant marshes. Ihls chanEr IS
eralua they axe III wood enc frees dii Oh. ''"y
,,I 20 feg noes gtoWnd II II j. farm Land II becomes
lc,s productive from Imperfect diahdSs, i-e s"I IS
-oultd ana nuay cultivation Is unproD abe Nhcsc
inc shores bold these effects are not taken noe u
Ticatlop IS improved by this change, the channels
rnt dccp.u aud the vaterWa! b. easier Tor the pas
SAGE Of vessels Inis To spe may Ds klo Oh c'
peAsitlOu lOr the damage "hch = uDio " ot"0'9
CAUSES AID CONSEQUENCES OF TIE CHANGE.
The raotd wear OF the shores. and the changes
produccd by IT, have made necessary IN many cases tho
construction Of expensive WORKS TO resist orver tne u-
creased force OF The waves sandy Hook has grown longer
and narrower gradually foe the last hdndred ye"s'
and etties have been built ont on the sea SIDE o. tug
II ok 10 stop the wearing away OF the md ana 0ahort
a odgmont Tor the sand tha Is moving with Tue cHrr-hL
The work appea's To De- successful -lmiht pans NO
made or preventing tine wear ABOUT the entrance 10
Charleston II rbpr many years ago Expensive works
A. Long Branch, and tne damages there are 50
heavy tIat the protection lmi't soon CONE. 100
changes about many OF the <i'hoisrS Oh tie go" -e
chores ale owing 10 Chs cause. and the work, Tor ter
n.y.. q ID a
tn. Change j. accepted rs settled tIuti' ana en-
eua.rs study ts co5r'uCU and effects, IN tAe places
were rnev are shown. tnen the proper wOIAs iOr
ohgia.n6 them can be best doNise'L
l. brc5nrs an interesting -uDcc OF inquiry a tthe
arc.laula,ed t. n suicout extent to de.crnne
wu,tA,r tbs chance Is local or genera throughout
lei 10 CON ulon t,r,' c' when Is r.f1r,G
with those NJ our own cJnilathL s.,
ts4F O. Ia
ing streets luaiy built above high-Nater marx arc
nov below il, AID even old stocls ar, io.h4 a. o'n
prosres "a considerable ume stone tAe po-ilon e..
toinG in 1886 90 be 100 feet nearer 10 WAGER, ed-o
,Eau eighty -sevcu years oc or JUGS o. 80:
Iyel. in hs " Irncpies o. Geology gives iohs i9s oI
cises GA the coasts England, scotland france, NOE
land and along the BIluc where he action 81 the sea Is
The a- On or co~t' rii he gives also nuAivrols
c.. oi ,i ,rlrd forest, similar b Ous ana occdgldS
below tAc present tide rVcl.
INDICATIONS or rTo PERIODS OF DEPRESSION.
There has been considerable doubt thrown upon mo
fact Ola general suDsicucc such Is here described
an account OF tae Occurrence OF lshcls AMI ogiiei
timber botn OF kinds now living IN eartab &c osiis
when are a few feet above the present seaeyeL sacA
eases do oocar. have observed them in New-Je.sey,
and tney are described by Others ~ occur
sea coast. Bat, however recent thcy
may be- tey Of SsoI 10 P Ss n.,o Ii %a IS d IS
none of II fresh rs 10 b. MT Tor umbr OF luh ~ -
Of present depression u.s. aud the occurrcnte OF
g shells is inalluvlh sand Ormud ned than any
that are known To ba forming now. aud thc smells neu
selves Though OF the species sun uynS IN tht mVtcrhV
waters aplo4r little different moan The recent oI''
The present deprt may not have neen -Oli. Oh
more thm 900 or i,OOJ years, ana ne Ia rc"i'ns '
that there mas breA another period OF depression III
which Of the upl nj WAS ten feet or more
nearer tie scale el tnan II no" II shgie instance
Illustrate this statement. Inc Maurc3 bNnr i uu..,
stream which emptcs into Delaware Bay. Apou' ~
teen miles above u mouth IL has cut niO s eastern
bank expose ancient Oys;er-Ded, WIN ~ l"'
of und shells, stu in pairs Ond all in thclt ntt
ura position TINS bed j. fully eight feet ABOVE ou
nary hg-Water mark, and st there l. every indication
thai Il uas undergone any disturbance except "a
me gradual elevation which brought above TIE lido
level aud lowering II again 10 its original pIaeo
beneath the waters. III
careful study OF The numerous cases Ike This WI
satisfactorily prove that there have been other pev
OF alternate depression ana elevation IN cOmlaihrjy
recent times the phenOmeue OF which are 80 nedIp
alike that they very commonly coniOuudcd Wiz