davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09

Preparations are being made in the var-
Gus departments at Washington, for the
clerks to take their leave for the purpose of
going home TO vote.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09
POLITICAL.

General Butler has written two letters ac-
cepting the Democratic and National Green
back Labor nominations for governor.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09

Tomorrow elections will be held in Ohio
West Virginia and Iowa. The principal in
terest centres in Ohio, where twenty-one
Congressman are 10 be elected.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09


~" NoTTcE.-Hons. John S. Wise and R r
farr viii address the citizens from the PostofIice
corner of this city, on Thursday night next. the
18th, ut o'clock All arc invited to attend
oct9 -ditS DAVID a. WINDSOR ch,;ruo,
'1NllE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE
J. THERE'S MUSIC IN THE AIR.
MUSIC TO THE RIGHT.
MUSIC TO THE LEFT
The Gallant Six Hundred would have preferred
ours, though, by q large majority. lis more
melodious; the harmony is better the time nd.
mits OF slower movement; it's free from that
''' n:, ihc,aiic So,iha which greeted them.
Standard Sheet Music Of all the latest and best
vocal and Instrumental at the uniform price Of )
cent each: loct9l GEO. Z. FRENCH.
IorTON SEED OIL for sale by
- W. P. GRAVES.
apZ' Cor Fairfax and Franklin SITS.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09

There are five thousand white men in
Richmond who are delinquent. They can
not vote until their capitations are paid, and
three fourths of them are richly able to pay
for themselves.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09

During Col. Mayo's speech last week at
Lancaster c. H., K. d. Beckley, colored, of
this city asked him how it was that he miss
cd 2l9 votes in the House of Delegates,
where he mad been sent to serve his people,
Col. Mayo replied, lit was better to have
missed voting 2l9 times than to have voted
for bad legislation THAT won't do, Col
onel, quickly responded Beckley "'you
should have been at your post of duty to
have voted for the good legislation, and to
have voted against the bad and Mayo like
the little boy the calf ran over, had nothing
more to say.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09

Major John W. Daniel telegraphed TO
Richmond on Saturday thai he feared he
would not be able to fulfill his engagements
to speak in that district, and that lie would
write fully in explanation.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-10-09

The political millennium in the democratic
party of Pennsylvania was reached in Phila-
delphia Saturday evening when ex-senator
William 4. Wallace and Hon. Samuel J..
Randall, who have heretofore been leaders
of opposing factions, spoke from the same
platform. Mr.. Randall humorously remark
ed that when the distinguished ex-senator
and himself came together in hearty accord
thorough democratic unity could be regard
ed Us accomplished. Pattison, the demo
cratic candidate for Governor, will take the
stump the present week, and make an ac-
tive canvass until election day
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
The Old English Cheese.

In the matter of flavor, says an Eng
fish paper, American cheese, manufac-
tured as it is at present, is never likely
to compete successfully with our diaries.
There is a pleasant Individuality about
all kinds of English cheese. Each
facture. The Americans make their
cheese in factories. If fifty cheeses are
turned out at one making, they will all
be exactly alike in shape, and size, and
color, and flavor. Now, in six cheeses
coming from Cheshire dairy, there
will be six varieties of taste. Mrs.
Poyser, an excellent example of that
type of farmers wife to whom dairy
work is at once a great luxury and an
memorable duty, only made a cheese
now and then. At many farms, even
when the occupation was much more
general and remunerative than it is
now, the rate of production was never
more than one cheese a week. An
English dairy, with its cheese press in
the corner, and its row of shining tin
pans, ana its tub of curds and whey, is,
as Mrs. P0yser says, {" a fine sight for
them as looks on" For long after it
has been made an English cheese is
crisp and crumbly, and retains the taste
of the curds. Then it begins to knit
together and to mellow It improves
with keeping, and only gets really
rich flavor after it has year or so of
age. American cheese, on the other
hand, is made in place almost as large
as cotton mill; it is ripe almost i'm
mediately after it has been taken from
under the presses and by long keeping
it usually grows bitter and dry. 1t has
been proposed that in order to compete
successfully with America the farmers
of cheese making district should, in
stead of keeping separate diaries, "club
together in one great factory, after the
transatlantic model. The problem to
be solved is whether this can be done
without sacrificing the peculiar char
acteristics of English cheese. The
English dairy farmers have at present
outward appearances, they can, if they
choose. produce a really superior arti.
Gle. Whether American cheese is made
of skim-milk and fat or not, the best
qualities are sold by retail dealers at
from twopence to threepence a pound
less than good Cheddar. This margin
certainly ought to be large enough to
encourage the effort to revive cheese
making in England. unless, indeed, as
is not improbable, the farmers can do
better with their milk by sending it to
the large town. In any case, however,
we are not likely to produce as much
cheese in England as will appreciably
diminish tho amount of our imports.
English cheese is a luxury for the pros
porous few; to the many thousands of
poor men who have "little to earn and
many to keep" American cheese is by
no means the smallest of those boons
which we receive, with rather bad grace,
from our cousins on the other side of
the Atlantic
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
Robbed i'm the Street.

At about 8 o'clock Thursday evening,
Geo. D. Rise, cashier of the Leban on
Dime Savings Bank, of Lebanon, Pa,
was knocked down in the street and
robbed of $4,000. Mr.. Rise had just
returned from Philadelphia, where he
had gone to procure money to be used
in paying hands at some of the mills in
the borough. After getting off the train
he went to his house, short distance
from the depot on eighth street, and,
after taking supper, left with the satchel,
intending to deposit the money in the
bank safe. He had gone but a short
distance when two unknown men slipped
up behind him and struck him over the
head with a blunt instrument. Rise
grappled with the robbers and called for
help, holding his grip on the satchel.
He was finally knocked senseless and
kicked about the head and face by the
thieves, who tore the money from his
grasp and escaped. After regaining
consciousness Rise gave the alarm. He
was badly cut about the head and face,
but not dangerously injured. One of
his assailants was tall and slim, and the
other was heavy and thick set, with
long, sandy heard. The town went
wild with excitement, and a general
alarm was given on the Court House
bell. Rise offers reward of 81, 900 for
the arrest of the robbers, and it is re-
ported that the bank will offer reward
of Sc, 900. Rise is a married man about
thirty-eight years old.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
What Are Clouds +?

Though the clouds are such familiar
objects, very little is known about them,
and the processes by which they are
formed and give back their moisture to
the earth are unsolved mysteries.
They cannot be classified as belong
ing to the solid, fluid or gaseous form of
matter. Yet they are defined as being
"a collection of watery particles in the
state of vapor, suspended in the air. "
If they are ordinary vapor, they must
be governed by the laws which affect
vapors. Brande defines vapor thus
"When liquids and certain solids are
heated, they become converted into
elastic fluids or vapors, which differ
from gases in this respect, that they
are not under common circumstances
permanently elastic, but resume the
liquid or solid form when cooled down
to ordinary temperature. According
to this definition, clouds cannot be COM
posed of ordinary vapor, for under all
conditions their temperature must be
below the condensing point of water
yapor.
At the elevations at which clouds are
often seen,. they are in the regions of
perpetual congelation and as they float
above the highest mountains they must
be exposed, even in the sunshine, and
certainly in the night, when the solar
heat is not poured upon them, to tenn
peratures colder than those of the frigid
Science Monthly.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
Something About Comets.

The most extraordinary news about
the comet comes from Greece. Schmidt,
of Athens, whose reputation as an as
tronomer is high, is reported to have
discovered another comet and having
the same motion in right ascension and
declination. The discovery was made
on last Sunday. 1t is singular that tn
new comet-if new comet there is-has
not been seen in this country, where so
many observers are studying the ap-
pearance of the celestial visitor but the
explanation probably is that the new
comet is invisible without telescope,
and its distance from its larger COM
panion is sufficient to keep it out of the
field of a telescope directed toward the
great comet. The fact that it's motion
is the same as that of the great comet
suggests that it is either fragment cast
off from the larger body or an indie
pendent comet pursuing parallel orbit.
After Biela's comet broke in two in 1916,
the two parts, each furnished with a
tail, and moving side by side, returned
two or three times to the suns neigh
borhood before they were finally broken
up into a swarm of meteors. The con-
Trajectory reports about the splitting
up of the head of the present comet,
followed by the discovery of Schmidt,
tend strongly to show that the comet is
destined to a fate similar to that of
Biela's. The apparent distance of the
new comet from its companion-four
degrees-would correspond at the time
of its discovery to an actual distance of
about nine million miles. The news
from Athens, inasmuch as it has been
transmitted to the Smithsonian Institu-
ton through the Vienna Academy, and
therefore comes with authority, will un-
doubtedIy awaken extraordinary inter-
est, and we shall soon know whether the
discovery has been verified, and whether
there actually are two comets racing
neck and neck through the solar system.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
FALLOW

like these plants that you call weeds
Sedge, bareback, mullen, yarrow
That knit their roots, and sift their seeds
Where any grassy wheel-track leads
Through country by-ways narrow.
They fringe the rugged hillside farms,
Grown old with cultivation,
With such wild wealth of rustic charms
As bloomed in natures matron arms
The first days of creation.
They show how mother earth loves best
To deck her tired-out places;
By fowery lips, in hours of rest,
Against hard work she will protest
With homely airs and graces.
You pillow the arbutus from her hills;
Hew down her mountain laurel,
Their place, as best she can, she fills
With humber blossoms so she wills
To close with you her quarrel.
She yielded to your ak, with pain,
Her free, primeval glory;
She brought you crops of golden grain;
You say, "How dull she grows; how plain
The old, mean, selfish story
Her wildwood soil you may subdue,
Tortured by hoe and harrow;
But leave her for year or two,
And see she stands and laughs at you
With bareback, mullen, yarrow
Dear earth, the world is hard to pleased
Yet heavens breath gently passes
Into the life of flowers like these
And lie down of hlaSSad aaSa
Among thy weeds and grasses.
LUCY LARCMo.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
Arctic Exploration.

Mr.. Frank Reynolds, late chief en-.
gineer of the steam whaier North Star,
which was crushed by the ice on her
maiden voyage near Point Barrow, Iati-
tude Y degrees north, July 8, 1882.
The North Star, which was a strongly
built and well equipped vessel, was
caught between the shore ice and an ice
foe and ground to the smallest splinters.
The crew consisted of forty men all
told, and they made the land of Cape
Smith on the 10Th of July, having saved
three boats, change of clothing and
forty pounds of bread for each man.
The party was Hospitality received by
Lieutenant Ray, who had established an
observatory at this point toward the
end of September, 1881, in connection
with the Geodetic and Coast Survey OF
the United States. Lieutenant Ray has
nine men to assist him in various capaci-
ties, and has made himself as comfort
able as circumstances permit. Mr..
Reynolds, who recently arrived in San
Francisco by the whaler John Pope, to-
gether with Captain Owen and other
officers of the Inflated North Star, gave
the following facts to Herald CORE
spondent
The observatory is located at Cape
Smith, about twelve miles west-soutL-
west from Point Barrow. They have
built house to live in and two houses
for observation. Lieutenant Ray sank
shaft in the solid ice thirteen feet
deep and then excavated a chamber, in
which game and fish shot or captured
are stored.
Last summer the temperature of this
chamber was twelve degrees below
freezing point, and therefore fresh meat
of every kind is preserved. "You might
establish fresh meat depot there" re-
marked Mr.. Reynolds, "of any extent,
and the meat would remain fresh for
centuries. When the shipwrecked par
ty landed" he continued, Lieutenant
Ray had not completed his preparations
for scientific work. My assistant, Mr..
Sands, and myself helped to survey the
ground and build permanent columns
for observation, of which there are four.
We also assisted to adjust the instru-
ments. The observations made by
Lieutenant Ray will be found invalua-
BILE to science. The party keep watch
night and day and write up their obser-
vations every hour. In addition for
twenty four hours twice each month OBJ
servations are written up every five
minutes. They have discovered forty
six degrees of variation of the compass
at that point within three hours. This
shows how little dependence can be
placed on the compass in high northern
ATTITUDES.
In reply to questions Mr.. Reynolds
stated that there is abundance of fish,
birds and reindeer available for food. of
which the survey party have ample
store. The land from Point Barrow to
Cape Lisburne $50 miles along the coast
and for hundreds of miles inland is level
and covered with moss and coarse grass
upon which the reindeer wholly subsist.
There are about $50 natives in the sur-
rounding settlements, but beyond being
great thieves they are otherWise harm
less.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02

found that in cutting her person he had
thereby an intention to cut her gar
ments Z? The statute used the conJunc-
tive-'That if any person shall assault
another with an intent to cut the gar
ment of such person, and shall cut the
garment of such person, then the offend
er shall be guilty of felony and the
indictm emit in stating the intention not
having connected it with the act by in
sorting the words that he then and
there did cut her garment, the question
rose whether the Indictment could be
supported in point of FORM"
Nine of the eleven judges decided
that the offense was not within the
statute and that the Indictment was bad
in point of form, so that the offense was
only misdemeanor. Thanks to these
pundits "The Monster" got off for the
time. But he was now known and
marked. He was again arraigned in
December for misdemeanor in assault
ing and wounding Miss Parker, and for
GWO dSSduIbS Ou OtICG
and, being convicted, was sentenced to
two years imprisonment for each Of
Tense, being further required on the ex-
piration of his term to find security for
his good behavior for seven years. Mr..
Coleman, it is pleasant to know, was re-
warded for his share in bringing ''The
Monster" to punishment with the hand
of Miss Porter, whom he married April
%, 1871. While there was no pretense
of madness in the case of the London
monster, the fact that, like the lunatic
of Fourteenth street, he attacked
women only, pretty plainly indicates
the existence in both instances of one
of those obscure perversities of human
instinct and feeling which have only
within recent years been brought even
measurably within the field OF science.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
FARM AND GARDEN.

RooT CRoPs,-Roots that are to be fed
out before New Years can generally be
kept by leaving the tops on, and haul
ing them just as pulled to a position
near the stables. There pile them up
and cover with straw, or they may be
kept under shed or in the barn. The
tops may decay little if rain comes in
contact with them, but this will not
harm the roots, other than making them
less pleasant to handle. The roots that
are to be kept until late in winter should
be buried in narrow pits where there is
a dry location. Good drainage, q free
dom from wet, is essential. Make the
pits or trenches two or three feet wide
and two feet deep, and in these place
the roots after being topped, and over
them throw the dirt which was removed.
If it is unusually cold and freezing
weather cover all with stable manure or
other litter. Beets, turnips, mangels,
carrots and the like can be kept in good
condition thus.
MAxIMs FOR WHEAT GRowERs.-As
one gains experience in cultivating
any crop he finds that he can deduce
certain rules or maxims which, though
condensed, nevertheless give much real
information. So some one has an
rounced the following formula, which
will be of interest to such as are novices
in wheat culture:
1. The best soil for wheat is rich clay
loan.
2. Wheat likes good, deep, soft bed.
3, Glover turned under makes just
such a bed.
4. The best seed is oily, heavy, plump
and clean.
S. About two inches is the best depth
for sowing the seed.
6. The drill puts in the seed better
and cheaper than broadcasting.
z. From the middle of September to
the last of October is the best time for
sowing.
e. Drilled. one bushel of seed per
acre if sown broadcast, two bushels
per acre.
9. One heavy rolling after sowing
does much good.
10. For flour, cut when the grain be-
gins to harden ; for seed, not until it has
hardened.
SooT.-A writer in the London Gazette
mentions q fact of interest to Pittsburg
and Cincinnati-thats SCOT is powerful
manure for garden crops, more especial
ly onions. A good dressing of the soil
with SCOT before the seed is sown is fatal
to maggots. It has been found that
land dressed with SCOT yielded crops
nearly equal to that heavily dressed
with good stable manure.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
Salt Wells.

In the city of Syracuse, New York,
there is large tract of land which, since
it was coded by the Seneca Indians in
1778, has been reserved for the manu-.
faeture of salt. Salt is procured from
four sources: from the ocean; from de-
posits of rock, or fossil salt in the
ground; from salt lakes, and from salt
wells.
It is the latter that yield it on this res
ervation. They are not simple excava-
tions, like garden wells, but are iron
pipes from eight to ten inches in diam
eter, reaching from depth of from three
hundred to four hundred and fifty feet.
The brine fills them to within about
eighteen feet of the surface of the
ground, and then it is pumped up the
rest of the way and distributed in reser-
voirs. 1t contains about one hundred
and seventy parts of salt in one thou
sand of water, or sixty-six parer most
than the ocean and fifty parts more than
the Great Salt Lake.
The brine obtained at Syracuse is one
of quality, butt gives two qualities of
salt by two different processes of evap-
Grafton. When coarse salt is wanted the
water is exposed to the sun in shallow
watts, fitted with covers to protect it from
dilution by the rain, and after some
days the salt appears as deposit. But
when refined salt is required, the brine
is purified by chemical process, and
evaporated over furnaces, under
cover.
The solar salt, as that made in the sun
is called, is used in preserving pork, ETC.,
but that made in the kettles, block salt
as it is called-a "block" being row of
kettles-is further refined for the dairy
and the table. After it has been washed
it is dried In long iron tubular cylinders,
which revolves over furnaces, and keep
it in constant motion until it is as
parched and as hot as desert sand, the
vapors passing from it through steam
vents.
Finally it is ground, that for the dairy
being pressed between granite rollers,
while that for table use is pulverized in
an ordinary Touring mill, which leaves
it as soft and white as the driven snow
Of April.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
His Dreams.

He was sleeping peacefully in his seat
in train on the Maine Central Rail
road one evening last week when the
conductor came along and asked for his
ticket. He was sleeping soundly as well
as peacefully, for he didn't awake until
the conductor had poked lantern into
his face and punched him several times
in the ribs. Then he started up and
with wild look in his eyes put some
thing into the conductors hand, pro-
testing that it was all he had. 81 can't
take these for your fare" said the con-
ductor, displaying two gold rings which
the passenger had handed him. sob,
I beg your pardon, you must really ex-
cuse me, but I thought you were train
robber," said the passenger. He sub
sequentiy explained to those about him
that he had made his preparations for q
Western trip, and must have been
dreaming of dangers to come when the
conductor aroused him.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02
Declining a Challenge.

Apropos of dueling M. Albert Delpit
relates in Paris very amusing anecdote
that will bear translating. One day one
of his confreres called on him. He had
had quarrel with gentleman at his
club over the card table. In his anger
he had thrown two candelabras and a
clock, the whole of the mantel orna-
ments, at the head of the gentleman,
and, not satisfied with this, he wanted
to send him a challenge. M. Ivan F.
Woestyne and myself, whom he had
selected as his seconds, tried in vain to
make him understand that what he had
already done was quite sufficient. He
would not listen to us and so we went
to call on his antagonist. The gentle
man was merchant, and he received us
with the utmost politeness, but upon
explaining the object of our visit, said:
Gentlemen, I refuse absolutely to
give any satisfaction to M. x"
"Ahp'
81 will never fight with him."
"IndeedT
"Nor with anybody"
"May we know the reason ?"
Certainly"
He took cigar, lighted it with all
the calmness of man who felt perfectly
certain of himself, and resumed.
Gentlemen, why do people fight duels
Because their honor is at stake. Well.
I am not afraid to declare to you that
there are two kinds of honor. If one of
you two should re ceive an insult you
would be dishonored if you did not
fight. Being public men you belong to
the public. AS for me, on the contrary,
am merchant. If I was to fight
duel my honor would be gone. My
credit would be dead. I would not be
able to get even note at three months
discounted"
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1882-11-02

MAsoNs AND MoRMoNs.- The Masonic
Order in Utah have taken strong ground
against the abomination of Mormon
ism and refused to receive Mormons
into the fraternity. On Wednesday the
Grand Lodge of California passed
resolutions of sympathy with their Utah
brethren and declared that cit is
fundamental principle of Masons to
believe in and fear God and keep His
commandments, and also to be true and
loyal to the government in which we
live. Mormonism, as now ex-
listing in the Territory of Utah, is want
ing in both particulars,