Cheyenne transporter. [volume] (Darlington, Indian Terr.) 1879-1886, 1882-06-10
PARASITES Infesting Sheep and
Lambs.''

Under the above heading the Farm
ers' Review of Chicago, has an article
of considerable interest on the above
subject.
1--WE have received several letters,
notably from Kansas, asking informa-
ton of a means of protection against
the unusual mortality among the
sheep and lambs Especially the latter).
Various post mortem examinations
have revealed the true cause of death
to be of parasitic origin, some of which
have been found in the bronchial tubes
and lungs, some in the stomach and
bowels, and some in the frontal sinuses
and nasal cavities. The long thread
worms (strong.luS .flaris), found in the
bronchial tubes and lungs of sheep,
specimens of which have been received
from w. ID. T., of Ottawa, Kansas, are
propagated and developed in the fol-
lowing manner: The young are pro.
duced in two modes. l. The eggs are
Matched out in the oviduct of the
mother, and the young worm, one
fourth to one-half line in length, is
brought forth alive. 2. The mature
female worm forms little sac for ber-
self in the lung substance like pins
head, or is expelled by coughing, and
in either case dies, decOmposes, and the
oviduct continues to hatch out the
contained eggs by slow degrees, much
slower than if the parent worm had
lived. The young worms produced
within the lungs gradually escape into
the air tubes, and if not expelled
in coughing become mature, and re-
produce their kind AS before. When
the maternal worm has been expelled
from the body the eggs may lie in
active for an indefinite period, without
losing their vitality. In water, the
oviducts escaping from the debris of
the mother, break up in pieces and float
about, allowing the escape of myriads
Of young worms which congregate in
the bottom of pool or stream. Nc
impurity of the water seems TO arrest
the progress of hatching, though it
goes on most actively in the purest
and in that of rivers. The minute
worms will live in water on food OF
litter, or in the soil, for an entire year
without further development, but
when taken into the system with drink
or ailment, they speedily make theil
way to the air passages OF their victim
invading the smaller tubes first, and
developing in the course Of month tC
length of two or even four lines
Soon after they become mature and re.
produce their kind. The most i'm
portant paints are that not only dc
these worms live in their embryo con.
ditiOn in water, soil, vegetation and
fodder out of the body, but when once
introduced into the system they will
reproduce themselves without limit
throughout the whole life time of the
sheep without any new ingestion OF
worms or eggs, and as they rarely
prove fatal to old sheep, one infested
animal will stock any number of fields
with these destructive creatures. The
conditions favoring the propagation OF
worms are: First, wet seasons and 10
calities which favor the life of the
embryo out of the body Second
mingling of diseased with healthy ami
mails, the expectorated eggs and worm!
being taken up with the food and wa
ter. Third, overstocking land which
if the disease is once introduced, fav
ors on almost endless increase of th,
parasites. Fourth, grazing infested
pastures at night and early morning
while the dew is on the grass and tn,
worms active. Fifth, clover pasture
which protect the worms better thar
other grasses. In regard to treat
ment, the fumes of burning sui