New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1882-10-02
FARM AND GARDEN.
From The Weekly Tribune. Sept ~.
RICH MATURING. DOES 1T PAYf
By DR.. q. O. CaidreH.


er,lIv admitted that the greatest sufferers have been
those who have farmed the highest" But let those
| who are in the habit of treating their stock in
| niQQardly manner and their land IN q like manner
| with the poor manure from poor feeding, not take
this confession as justification of their practice
what is true there, and for exceptional conditions,
may not be true here. Englands soil in these ex-
cessivey wet, bad seasons has had such teaching
out soil, frozen as 1t is during the winter,
very seldom, if ever gets. Our soil is better
savings bank for nitrogen than theirs, not neces-
sarly because it is any better for the purpose but
| rather because its powers are less severely tried ;
and our farmers need not fertilize scantily with
stable manure for fear lest its most valuable con-
stltuent the nitrogen, will largely escape through
the sub-soil and be carried by the streams TO the
| sea.
But is richer manuring always productive of a
better CROP even when other conditions are reason
| ably favorable Six years ago field experiments
were begun at Woburn, in England for the purpose
of ascertanng. if possible. the comparative value
of manures from various foods. In case lot OF
cattle were fed on coarse fodder alone and another
lot on coarse fodder and cottOnseed cake; unques-
tionably the manure of the latter lot was richer
tEan that of the other lot but it gave no better re-
suits in the wheat crop. Dir. Lawes has been taken
| to task by on English farmer for advising them to
teed oil-cake that it appears to be shown that
| the manure is no more productive for the higher
feeding In answer he explains the Wobuin results
by the inference that probably the Woburn SOIL was
so rich in nitrogen that the larger supply OF 1t In
the richer manure was not required for good wheat
crop and in support thereo. he cites some similar
experiments on his own estate, made for another
| onrpose. however where ton more of hay was OBJ
tanned per acre from land manured by sheep that re-
| ceiyed cottonseed cake with coarse fodder az
| compared with the yield of similar plot manfred
| By sheep that had only Indian corn besides the
| coarse fodder his soil required nitrogen.
| These experiments illustrate the Importance Of
circumspection. or in plain English looking on all
! s,des IN the use of manure and especially of pur
| cha. manure writer In an agricultural paper
has had much TO say of late about the good results
| obtained in his nelghborhood with PLAIN super
phosphate on wheat-that is, a superphosphate not
enriched with nitrogen, but made simply from the
| South Carolina phosphate. The numerous cocpera-
tive experiments of maturing Indian corn, made
under the direction of Professor Atwater. show that
| in great many very moderate amount OF
| nj rogen in the manure is more profitable than a
larger application. Nitrogen Is the prominent IN
ercdient of the increased nchLess of the manure OF
the richly fed and therefore more expensively fed
cattle: ii IL the most costly Ingredient OF super
phOsphates containing 1t IN any notable quantity,
being ed az 20 cents a pound. viii l2L2 cents
nonnd ia allowed for soluble phosDhoric acid. and
| cents for the so-called reverted acid
| take down at random from my shelves recent
bulletin of the New Jersey Experiment station. ana
find that IN the of seven superphosphates an.
alyZed from Oneeighth to onefOurth Of the cost OF
the fertilizer must charged to Its nitrogen, A.
| though its proportion ranges so low as rom L 10
2Sg per cent Add the fact that the nitrogen OF su-
| perphosphates may be contained In ground leather
| scraps where it ~ comparatively worthless, and
would benef q crop but little, however much miro
| gen might be needed, and we have gOund enough
| f.lr. Htif "a
satisfy themselves 10y a lew experiments vi ole.I
| own whether the USE OF the cheaper PLAIN super
| phosphates viii not be more profitable IN some
cases. and that, further II nitrogen ~ required 10
| VIII be wise To have definite knowledge a. 10 the
form il IS IN in the fertilizer purchased f0sliYe
assurance on this last POM can hardy DC hd III
any other way than by the use OF ammonia salts or
ntrates only; but these would be too expensive for
| general use.
| POULTRY HOUSE FOR FIFTY HENS.
It ought to he at least 30 feet long by 10 or more
wIde-e>en 20 feet width would not be amiss 1t
should have 10 feet posts, and slant roof OF rise
OF to feet to its peak with an ample yentilator
in the centre. with open-slatted blinds. window
about Is to "a inches large, with Venetian blind.
should be put into each gable. and also in the centre
of each side directly under the roof. All these are
necessary for ventilation. except in very raw, cold
weather, then the bind and the window racing
the wind must be closed. otherwise il would expose
the hens to get catarrh, which Is very dangerous
| for them. The great fault Of poultry houses gen
| trally Is that tney are uOl SutuClcullJ N'i
| tilated. In consequence OF this, roup anu other
| fatal diseases aru generated, causing numerous
| deaths-If not the entire destruction OF the HocK
| before the disease can be stopped
IL it is desired to increase the warmth OF the house
in winter sliding windows four five feet high and
nc wide as one pleases, may be set into the south
aide of the house. Put wire netting againsF these
so the hens cannot jump fly against the glass 10
| break it, dghese may be removed during warm
weather. and solid or blind doors hung i'll their
nace 70 keep out the sun in hot DAYS. II resides
| yrhcTe there is no danger from thieves vermn
the whole south side OF the poultry mousse may oe
| lett open. In this case 1t would be 50 well ven
tlated that the posts need not DC over seven Ieet
| and the roof not carried up so high but tie Ven-
tator should still be put on the centre oil the 1907
| and n window and blind at each gable end. For
fine perches use inch thick Stats two to four inches
broad that the hens can SIT comfortably on then
| Small round poles Tor perches are very trying to
their legs as they obliged to cling close 10 these
with their claws, and this tires and strains them
| during the whole time they at rOOst. Don't sci
| these percbcs like steps one little beyond and
higher than the other, If you do the hens VIII he
constantly lighting and struggling to obtain the top
ono Set all at the same height, and so distant from
each other that the hens on one perch cannot reach
Ia peck those the other AS soon rs they get on
10 their rUosts all to delight in this torment
| IA B. Allen.
MY WILD GARDEN.
So call my collection Of hardy plants. At this
season of the year, when flowers scarce, almost
| ANYTHING proves acceptable, but those with snowy
metals are doubly so. Just 1.-THE frs of Sep
tember) little group OF the SNOWY yellow fringed
orchis (HabenarG cilidrs) are especially gay i'll
| shady nook The closed gentian (GentaRa IN
dreug although not so snowy most of the
other Species Is yet exceedingly pretty ana easily
grown The large clusters of blue tlowers are very
conspcuOus az this season OF the year he butter
10.