davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
The Color of Water.

Two theories are advanced to explain
the blue color of water when seen In
large masses, one, held by Prof Tyndall,
being that small solid particles suspend
ed in the water do not reflect the lower
or red rays of the spectrum. According
to the other theory, the color is due to
the absorbent action of the water itself
on the white light before and after re-
Election by these particles. The results
of experiments made by Mr.. John Ait
kin, and presented to the Royal Society,
England, show that the latter theory Is
probably the more correct one. The
greater the number of white rejecting
particles the greener the water appears
to be, and hence the gradual deepening
of the green to blue as the shore Is left.
The waters of Lake Como owe their
darkness to the absence Of rejecting
particles. as Mr.. Aitken ingeniously
proved by scattering fnely-divided chalk
In the center of that lake, thereby pro-
ducing very brilliant blue. The brill
iancy depends on the color of the parti-
Giles, and is greatest with white particles.
Among coral reefs, which are generally
strewn with white sand, the water also
takes very brilliant blue or green. The
dull tinge of English river waters is due
to the dingy character of the suspended
silt; but springs have often bright
color, owing to tie whiteness of the
chalk suspended In them.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
CarniY0rnns Parrnfs.

The Australian farmers are suffering
from plague of parrots. Until recently
the Australian parrot, like all other par
rots, was strictly granivorous. His
diet was purely vegetable, and he was
passionately fond Of crackers. One day
hungry parrot tried the experiment OF
tiaeng a little mutton, and was delighted
with il. He mentioned the success Of
his experiment to other parrots, who
straightway initiated his example and
shared his delight. The result was that
in the course of year the Australian par
rots wholly abandoned vegetable food
and refused to eat anything but mutton
of their OWE killing. At present the
focks of Australian sheep are constantly
attacked by swarms of parrots, who tear
them in pieces and devour them while
vet alive The destruction thus caused
is enormous. The woods that once
echoed the familiar remark. "Polly
wants cracker" are now vocal from
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
The Origin of Fencing.

From the first invention OF the sword
down to the period when the fifteenth
century was drawing to close this wea-
pom had always been used as an arm of
ofense. The person welding it thrust
it or hewed into the body of his antag-
onist whenever he had chance, and the
only defense against it was stout armor
or an interposed shield.
1t is not to be supposed that an an
Gent warrior, or one belonging to the
earlier Middle Ages, never thrust aside
or parted with his own blade stroke of
his enemy's sword but this method of
defense was not depended upon in those
days; the breast plate, the helmet or
the buckler was expected to shield the
soldier while he was endeavoring to get
his own sword into some unprotected
portion of the body of his antagonist.
But about the time of Ferdinand and
Isabella, of Spain, the science of fencing
was invented.
This new system of fighting gave an
entirely new use to the sword; it now
became weapon of defense as well as
ohense. Long, slender rap1ers, sharp
ened only at the point, were the swords
used in fencing. Armed with one of
these, gallant knight or heightened
courtier, who chose the new method of
single combat, disdained the use of arm
or; the strokes of his opponent were
warded off by his own light weapon, and
whichever of the two contestants was
enabled to disarm the other, or to de-
liver a thrust which could not be par
ried, could drive the sharp point of bis
rapier into the body of his opponent if
he felt so inclined.
The rapier, which was adapted to a
combat between two persons and not for
general warfare, soon became the .wea-
pom of the duelist; and, as dueIs used
to be as common as lawsuits are now,
it was thought necessary that a gentle
man should know how to fence, and thus
protect the life and honor of himself. his
family and his friends.-St. Nicholas.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
WASHINGTON NOTES.

Charles FL. Hartlee, colored crank,
warns the Washington police of plot to assas-
sinate President Arthur, Conkling and Grant
The body of Guiteau has been trans
ferred to the Army MEDICAL Museum in WASH
ington, which is located in the building occu-
pied as Ford's Theater at the time President
Lincoln was shot by Wilkes Booth. The skele-
ton will be prepared and placed on exhibition
at the museum.
During the past fiscal year 46, 632
agriculture patents were issued from the Gen.
eral Land Office.
Additional items to the corrupt prac-
tees of the star-routers have been discovered,
and immediate steps have been taken to re-
convene the Grand Jury and obtain another set
of indictments.
The Comptroller Of the Currency has
called for a report showing the condition of the
national banks at the close of business on Sat-
urday, July /.
Secretary Folger has made report OF
the celebrated Doyle bond case. In addition
to his own special report in the matter, he has
given out for general publication the opinion of
the experts on which he has based his decision.
The opinion of the experts is very elaborate,
and goes into the matter Of the various diff
ferenccs between the counterfets and Gov
ernment bonds with the greatest detail Secre-
try Fol5er has arrived at the conclusion that
the plates submitted to him by Mr.. Felker are
couI tcrftits, and are not in any way transfers
from genuine work. He SAYS however, that he
does not question the good faith Of Mr. Felker
in submitting them. He has no doubt that Mr..
Felix believes that they were transfers from
genuine work +; but, from his Investigations of
the entire subject through number of disin-
ter' sted experts working separately, he has ar
rived at the conclusion that they are counter
fcits and that therefore, NJ Doyle has not
submitted anything which entities him to any
consideration at the hands of the Treasury De-
paltmelt
The Secretary of the Treasury has
issued call for SIG, 100000 6-per-cent. bonds
continued at 81 per cent. from July, 1881.
The principal and accrued interest will be paid
The 18th of September next, and interest Will
cease that day. Following is description of
the bonds So, Nos 8l1 to 900, both in
elusive; 800, Nos. 5,501 to $3.50, both incu-
sive $500, Nos. 36Ol to 415), both inclusive
$1,000, Nos. 19,001 to 21,OOo, both inclusive;
$1,000, Nos. 6,4O1 to 5000, both inclusive
$4,000, Nos. IL sol to IA, $50, both inclusive.
The people of Washington have a new
dread OF imDrisonment in the Jail "a q story ia
in circulation that Guiteau's ghost walks the
corridors after midnight.
Two artesian wells will be sunk in
Colorado by Commissioner Loring, as an ex-
pertinent toward retaining the desert sections
by irrigation
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
USEFUL HINTS.

VINEGAR will remove the disagreeable
odor OF kerosene from tin ware.
To REMOVE blood stains from cloth
saturate with kerosene, and, after stand
ing a little, wash In warm water.
IT is said that the juice of matured Gu
cumbers will kill bed bugs. Wash the
bedstead once week, fol two or three
weeks, and the thing is accomplished.
In baking, get the oven sufficiently
heated and have the stove contain
enough fuel to conclude the operation.
Added fuel reduces the temperature
and checks the process at precisely the
time when it should not be checked.
Round straw boxes with covers are
transformed into handsome collar boxes
by lining them with silk after they have
been embroidered outside with wreath
of daisies, corn flowers, forget-me-nots,
or any other favored flower. The top is
ornamented with bow of satin ribbon
of some contrasting color.
The New York San man has found
that small pieces OF sponge Will drive
out rats. Cut coarse sponge into inch
cubes and fry them in drippings until
we'll Drowned. Place the pieces in places
frequented by rats. When eaten the
sponge swells, and the rats look for other
and more comfortable quarters, which,
failing to find, they conclude to die.
A Coon SUGGESTION TO HoUsEKEEP-
ERs.-" No one knows until they have
tried it." says an experienced housewife,
chow much they may change the aspect
of things about the house by using a
little varnish. On sunshiny day take
the old chairs and tables out on the
porch or by the open door, and, after
thoroughly wiping and busting them off
with damp cloth, apply thin coat of
varnish, and so cover up scratches and
marred spots of all kinds. It will dry in
a very short time, and you will be sur
prised to see how much good you have
done. A flannel cloth, with a very little
hnseed oil, is good to rub furniture with,
but the greatest care must be taken to
prevent any oil being left on the wood
to attract dust. It must be rubbed I'M
til you would not know, except by the
improved appearance, that any oil had
been used.
n CONVENIENT DREAD COZ
respondent of the Prairie Farmer says:
ALI housewives know how much trouble
it is to keep a bread board separate from
the barrel or box cover. 10 keep it
hung up, it will get dirty and need
washing every time it is used, both be-
fore and after. Where too large board
is not required, we have found it quite
convenient to use the cover itself. If a
barrel is used to keep -four, make cir
cular board the size of the barrel on the
outside, then take strip three inches
wide and nail it ali around, then by
turning it over one side it can be used
as cover and the other side as bread
board. If box is chosen, the same
plan can be used make the lid the size
of the box and then nail strip so that
it will extend over an inch on each side.
These will keep the lid to its place as
cover, and also when turned over aud
used as a bread-board. It will always
be ready for use and will not need to be
washed and cleaned as often as where
separate board is used.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
MISCELLANEOUS GLEAN1NGs.

Nathan Briscoe, farmer of Ernes-
town, Ontario, while handling bees, was stung
ON the forehead by one and died in fifteen min
utes.
The sixth annual meeting of the Music
Teachers National Association was held in Her.
shey Hail. Chicago. The President, Mr.. Ar
thur Mees, made the annual address, and the
Rev. DIR. Thomas the Address of welcome
The strike of the iron-workers at Bay
View, near Milwaukee, was ended by a confer
ence ~ two hours with the officers of the roll
ing-mil company and work in all departments
has been resumed. Watson h Co. IS mill and
the Leechburg mill, in the Pittsburgh district,
signed the Amalgamated Association scale and
also resumed work
Advance sheets OF Poor's Railway
Manual show that in 1881 there we're built in
the United States 1855 miles of railroad, the
greatest in any one year, making a total Of
l04, s1S miles. The gross earnings were $780,
1916, l19, against $6l5, 4O1, 9Sl in 1880. Divi-
dends in 1881 we're sos, 344, 200, against ST.
115,411 in 1880. The editor says; at is GER
tain that for long time to come a
much greater extent of mileage will be con-
structcd annually than was constructed in the
past or than will be constructed tue present
year. The area of the United States (exclud-
ing Alaska equals 100000 square miles. Tho
whole of this area presents an attractive field
for the construction of railroads. In almost
every portion of it these works are rapidly pro-
crossing. The railroad mileage Of the United
States rose from 50, GA miles in 1870 to 1O4, S1S
miles in 1881. At similar rate the mileage in
1890 will exceed 100000.
The Chicago Times presents reports
or the crops IN the chief grain States. Popular
expectation in regard to wheat proves to have
been almost a prophecy, as the yield is large
and the area extended. Corn will not be an
average crop in any State, and not more than
a half yield seems to be generally expected,
Rye, oats, potatoes and hay are in exceptionally
good condition.
A Pittsburgh dispatch says cit is now
certain that the total loss of life by the Ohio
river disaster will exceed 100 It becomes
clearer and more conclusive every day that
whisky was at the bottom of the collision, some
of the officers Of the Scioto and many of the
passen ,ers being almost helpless from intoxi-
cation at the time There is rumor TO the
effect that a party of girls were in the pilot
house of the Scioto, and one Of them answered
the signal of the Tomas and did it wrongly"
A detective of New York caught in
Havana, after following him Through Mont
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14

The Democrats of North Carolina
nominated Risden l. Bennett for Congressman
at-Large and Thomas Ruffin for Supreme Court
Judge
The Connecticut Greenbackers nom
mated A. p. Tanner for Governor and H. G.
Baker for Lieutenant Governor.
Elk Senator Powell Clayton presided
over the Arkansas Republican Convention, at
Little Rock. A full ticket for State officers wOs
placed in the field, headed by Col. W. D. Slack
for Governor.
The Greenbackers, Independents and
Republicans Of Alabama have coalesced and re-
solved to support the same candidates. j. L.
Sheffield heads the ticket for Governor.
State organizations among the de
partment employees, Washington dispatch
states, are responding to Hubbells circular not
only with money, but by resolutions condemn
ing those employees who won't help the party.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
The Cisterns of Old Carthage,

Stumbling over broken blocks of ma
sonry, among which the lizards, sole in
habitants of the city, were running free
ly, walked short distance past the
site of Dido's palace, and came thus to
the place where the only extensive re-
mains of the greatness of Carthage are
to be found. These are the cisterns
which once furnished portion of the
water supply of the city. Just as Prof.
Owen can reconstruct an extinct animal
if only single bone of its skeleton has
been preserved, so it is an easy matter
for those who have seen these wonderful
cisterns to form an approximate idea of
the grandeur of the city to which they
belonged. They are veeG euDJerranean
structures, with heavy vaulted roofs, In
tended to shut out from the cool water
in the mighty tanks the heat of the
African sun. But time has made many
breach in these great arches, and the
light of day in consequence streams in
upon corridors and chambers which
1900 years ago were jealousy shrouded
in midnight gloom. Some of the cisterns
are circular In shape, and look like moth
ing so much as enormous wells the ma
jority, however, are of oblong form. In
every case the masonry is of the most
substantial description, showing how
well the Phenicians did their work.
Even more remarkable, however, than
the quality of the masonry is that of the
lining of cement upon the walls of the
cisterns. 1t is as perfect to-day as OF
the day, probably more than 2, 900 years
distant, when it was spread upon these
walls. The very marks of the trowels
used in spreading it are quite distinct,
and here and there may be seen the
coarse imprint of some workman's
thumb-a sight to ponder over at ones
leisure. l had a strange "eerie" feel
ing upon me as trod the long covered
corridor that runs the length of the
whole series of cisterns, and thought OF
the time when above where now walked
the tumultuous life of great city had
rolled In its majestic fullness of power.
Most of the cisterns were half filled with
rubbish that had fallen when the arches
of the roof gave way; but presently ]
came to some which seemed to be COM
paratively little injured, and at last to
one that-so far as 1 could tell-was as
perfect as on the day when the Pheni-
clan workmen left it.. and the cool wa
tiers we're first allowed to flow into it. 1t
was beautiful, dimly-lighted chamber,
with walls, and roof, and floor white and
clean ; and it contained pure crystal wa
ter to the depth of five or six feet. So
bright and refreshing was that water, SO
great the contrast which this cool, shady
apartment presented to the burning heat
and glare outside, that I looked about to
see if there were any means by which I
could descend and battle in this vast
tank. None, however, were visible, and
after while had to leave the arched
corridor, and return to the blaze of the
sunshine.-E w. Reds Life Of the
Bel"
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
LATER NEWS ITEMS.

At convention at Nashville of the
State Credit Democrats of Tennessee, J. H.
Russell was placed in nomination for Governor.
In the returns up to July l, received
by the Department of Agriculture at Washing
ton from all the States and Territories Of the
Uni ed States, an exceptionally fine showing is
made as to all the leading cereals except corn.
Illinois, the State of largest acreage, stands
lowest of all in the condition of corn, and the
general average of the whole country is
IS, against 80 in July last year. A
medium yield for the whole country,
which would be 1,700, 100000 bushels, is
now virtually out of the question, aid about
the best that can be hoped for is that the yield
will aggregate 1900 900 bushels. 1t may fall
short of that amount with unfavorable weather
during the next eight or ten,weeks. As regards
winter and spring wheat, oats, rye and barley,
the returns are remarkably favorable. The
average for winter wheat stands at 104, against
83 a year ago. and all promise an unusually
large yield.
Philip Haison was hanged at Clinton,
N. c., for the murder of Henry Sellers.
At meeting in Buffalo, representa-
tives of all the railroads leading westward de-
cided to advance freight rates from to 10
cents per 100 pounds, July "a.
A duel was fought at San Louis
Potosi, Mexico, between Capt. Alvero and Maj.
Cordova. The former was killed, and the latter
survived but short time.
A whale caught fire on railway dock
In Boston, and the fire department was called
out to save the skeleton. He had been mounted
for exhibition, and the loss is stated at SO, 500.
There was serious rioting at Jersey
City arising out of the freight-handlers' strike.
Italian workmen were assaulted by the strikers,
and fetaliated with pistol shots, killing one
person and wounding several One Italian, in
fleeing from the strikers, was drowned.
Egypt can raise an army of 100, 900
fighting men to repel invasion.
The Repression bill has passed through
both houses of the British Parliament.
At the funeral of Gen. Skobeleff, at
Moscow, crowd Of 10000 persons filed the
streets. The Grand Dukes Nicholas and Alexis
arrived from st. Petersburg and were cheered
by the people. The remains were escorted to
Razan for interment
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14

real. New Orleans and Vera Cruz, Canon Ber-
nard who last year robbed Belgian Bishop of
1,7OO, OC0 francs. On tie person of the culprit
were found $4,000 in money and thirteen keys
to safe-depost vaults. He acknowledged hav-
ing left 40 per cent. of his plumber with bankers
in Quebec, where it will be recovered.
Russian exiles to the number of $50
have arrived at st. Louis. Their tales of OBJ
preston seem almost incredible.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14
THE WAR IN EGYPT.
Bombardment of Alexandria

BOmbardment of Alexandria.
The bombardment of Alexandria was begun
at 7:45 o'clock on the morning of Tuesday,
Alexandra, of the British feet. The batteries
replied at once their shot at first falling short
of the ships The Infexible, Temeraire, Pene-
lope, Invincible and Monarch soon joined in
the battle. Two of the forts ceased firing after
twenty minutes. The gunboats Bittern, Con-
dor, Beacon. Decoy and Cygnet attacked and
quickly silenced the Marabout batteries at the
entrance to the harbor. The Invincibe then
landed a party of marines at Fort Mex, who
blew up the heavy guns with dynamite. At the
momen' of opening the siege dense crowds of
people could be seen making tnelr way toward
the palace, and the streets were soon deserted
The Geneva red cross was visible over the
hospital, and the Dutch and Greek flags could
be seen waving above their consulates. At 3
o'clock the magazine at Fort Ada, close to
the palace, was exploded. At noon four
forts had been blown up, when the firing
practically ceased. The English feet had
five men killed and twenty-seven wounded
Several of the earthworks behind which guns
were mounted proved to be mere sand-heaps.
The Turkish Ambassador at London was tele-
graphed by the Porte to lose not a moment in
urging Lord Granville to order cessation of
firing. In the British House of Lords, Gran
vile said the bombardment was directed against
military despotism, and was not an act of war
against the allied powers.
The New York Tribunes special cablegram
says of the bombardment ''The lombard
ment marks an epoch in the history of warfare,
for never has such storm of shot and shell
been hurled against any defenses, either on
land or sea. The Alexandra was the first ship
to open fire, and, the shots being returned, in
quarter Of an hour the action became general.
The broadside iron-clads alone remained at
anchor. The remainder of the feet steamed to
and fro in the roadstead. The Arabs stood to
the guns of the other forts with a sturdy de-
termination until near midday; but their fire
was very ildirected. Most of the shots fell
short or went over the ships, and the few that
struck did little damage.
"The result of the engagement has not by
any means fulfilled the expectations of artille-
rlsts and there is much surprise that the shells
fired from the eighty ton guns of the Infexible
had 30 little effect on the earth-works. In con-
sldering that it ought to be borne in mind
that this ship directed her fire from point
two miles distant from the batteries. The
heaviest guns of the other vessels are four
of twenty-five tons on the Monarch, two of
twenty-five tons on the Alexandra, aud the
rest are armed with eighteen and twelve TONS
The heaviest guns mounted on the Egyptian
forts are eighteen and twelve tons, of the old
Woolwich pattern but still very serviceable
weapons OF the larger kind, throwing 400
pound shells. calculated to pierce twelve-inch
armor. The days operations extended over
line of four miles in length"
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14

pacific chief of the pacs and Foxes.
When hesold Iowato Uncle Sam he signed
the deed with his initials. o. Z His
co chief, the fiery B. K. BLACK Hawk
refused to sell or sign away the rights Of
his people to this beautiful land, and
hence the Black Hawk war. Old Keo-
kuk years ago passed on to the happy
hunting grounds of the Great Beyond,
but his sign continues to supply long
felt want in the English language.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14

to deliver the valedictory. After having
received the compliments of the faculty
and students of the college for the honor
he. had received, Mr.. Maynard called
the attention of his fellow. graduates to
the letter Y over the door of his room,
and asked if they then understood what
was meant by the letter V. After short
reflection, they answered, eyes; Vale
dictory.' He replied, You are right.
His fellows then asked if he had the
valedictory on his mind when he pasted
the letter over his door. Mr.. Maynard
replied. Assuredly I had. Boston
Journal
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-14

CONGRESSMAN TAYLOR, of Tennes-
see, made visit to New York, where he
spent hilarious time. Going into
high-toned bar-room on Fifth avenue,
he addressed the big black waiter thus :
"Give me drink of your best rye for,
you see, I'm son of gun from Ten
nessee.' The darby handed out the
favorite beverage, with the remark, II
knowed you was son of gun, but /
didn't know whar you was from. =