Morris tribune. [volume] (Morris, Minn.) 1880-2000, 1882-10-12
DAIRY AND STOCK.

Col mckinney Of Illinois, an Expert
in These Industries, Promulgates
His Views on the Subject-An Able
Address.
The leading feature at the Redwood Coun-
ty, Mimi, fair, was the address of Col Nc
Glincy of Elgin, ILL.,, on dairying. Col Nc
Glincy traced the development of the dairy
industry from the east to the west, finally
locating the forced center of the business for
the future in Iowa, Minnesota and Wiscon-
sin. The following are extracts from his
address:
that the Western and Northwestern States would
be the grain fields of the nation: that diversified
farming would not be thought of, and If man had
limited at the possibility of the farmers becoming
dairymen, he was at once suggested as a suitable
candidate for an insane asylum To New York,
Vermont and portions of the other New England
inheritance of which they could by no means be
deprived. But the r:oneous assumption of heir
ship was dispeled as the farmers of Illinois, and
especially those who had emgrated from the Hud-
son and Mohawk valleys, began the system; and
although they were Obliged to combat the deep
rooted prejudice which then prevailed. they event.
ualy succeeded beyond their most sanguine ex-
pectations.
1t is true that nothing succeeds as we'll as sue
aud in the dairy industry this was again veri-
fed, for closely following Northern Illineis came
and made the effort to initiate her sisters, and the
result has been gratifying indeed. Minnesota,
which contains within her borders people from all
from all foreign lands followed suit IN some of the
Southern counties. and 1t has been clearly Demon
strated that the business can be successfully and
proftaby carried on in this State, and no need
be surprised to learn that Minnesota will, in short
time. double her production of dairy goods For
proof of this assertion let US look at of the
requirements for success, and first We find the eli
mate to be of great Importance, not only to the
health of the people, but the cattle well. Draw
line across the State from east to west, begin
at the northern extremity of Big Stone lake, and
we find that portion of Minnesota is peculiarly
blessed as regards climate.
loan from two to three feet HIGH, with porous
clay sub soil the surface greatly undulating aordng
uatura! drainage and permitting cultivation as
a. the frost leaves the grounds. Minnesota
is peculiarly favored il regard to her water supply.
Thousands of lakes, containing pure cold water,
to be found all over the State. furnishing abund
ant supply for the cattle as well as for use at the
cTeameries. Springs are also abundant, and wells
be sunk anywhere with absolute Ger; ainty of
striking excellent water at from twenty to forty feet
from the lakes, close at hand. At the creameries
mucl water is needed for cooling the cream, keep
ing the butter COOL and for thoroughly cleansing all
the implements, utensils and building itself, for
success in large measure depends upon absolute
cleanliness.
MINNESOTA CAN FURNISH EXCELLENT FEED
and enough of it to make dairying profitable.
Then with climate, SOIL water and systematic,
intelligent labor if REQUIRED, and we are satisfied
people possess this knowledge to large degree,
so that this industry will be aided and encouraged
by all that Is necessary to make 1t a remunerative
Investment for the farmers who engage in it, y
Truly Minnesota combines more natural elements for
making it a dairy State than almost any of the
others classed in the Northwestern group. Is +
During the year. 1881 the four Northwestern
States of Illioos, Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota,
produced butter and cheese to the value of $780,
100000. have no reliable data as to what pro-
portion of this trulymagniticents sum contributed
by Minnesota, but it certainly IL keeping with
her older sisters. To show how this industry is in
creasing in the State let again consult the ofica
figures of the United States census. In 1870 Min
nesota had III, 497 milk cows, and in 1880 275,-
545, an increase OF l21 per cent There are to-
day some fifty creameries in operation in the State,
beside about ten cheese factories An average COW
will produce 200 pounds of butter per year, and if
care is taken in the manufacture it will sell at
average of 20 cents per pound, giving $50 as the
product of the cow in butter alone. Her skim milk
is worth for feed the farm at least 81 per year,
Her calf is worth $40. This gives a total
of $40, from which must be deducted the cost of
feeding, which will probably be about SIS, and the
cost of making and marketing the butter, which
vii. perhaps rot exceed $40 per year, thus leaving
a net profit of $45 per COW. have met number
of dairy men in the State. men who milk from fif-
profits are larger than what l have figured. At
Rochester, a number of dairymen report net
profit of $50 per cow per year. Now what has
been done by these dairy farmers can be done by
the farmers of Redwood county, if they will pay
attention to details aud exercise the ordinary
care they do in their other farming operations.
Three pound of butter can be obtained from 100
pounds of milk if proper attention is given to
cooling the milk as soon as drawn from the COW.
To many people the making of butter is
GREAT MYSTERY.
liz fo Cd ;,
larity and uniformity Regularity in feeding, water
ing, caring for and milking the cows. without
which there is an absolute certainty of failure.
The most successful dairy farmer anywhere is the
one who rigidly adheres to regularity, who in fact
insists that the family may be neglected, but the
cows never. Closely allied to regularity is uniform
lily on the part of the butter maker. His cream
must be kept at a uniform temperature: it must
ripen uniformly: must be churned uniformly: the
butter when in the little pellet must be washed
carefully: it must be colored uniformly it must be
sailed with accuracy; guess work will not do: the
salt must be weighed carefully as though it were
gold; the butter must be worked uniformly. A
turn too much on the table may break down the
grain, destroy the flavor and cause rancidty in
comparatively fresh butter Then uniform style
of package is necessary, often the package helps
very materially to sell the butter.
The price of q good three-year-old COW in this
State will average $35, and in two years she will
more than have paid for herself besides giving the
farmer calf and heifer, and the latter when two
and half years old. and often sooner, will begin to
giN returns that will overbaance the expense OF
her keeping Thus it will be seen that the farmer
who will diversity his farming. add few cows, sell
the cream and raise his calves and pigs, will be far
more fortunate than the one who adheres to wheat
raising, simply because he has not the ambition to
change, because he thinks that each year he may
be favored by Providence, or be given a crop in
spite of the season. The dairy business gives the
| farmer cash, he becomes independent, and is not
obliged to trade with the dealer who accommodates
| him with credit.
mas to the proftableness of the dairy business lei
cite you to dairy farmer in Big Stone county
| who last year MIXED seventeen cows He con-
tracted his butter at 80 cents per pound, and fed
the skinned milk to his pigs. which at six months
old he turned into pork that weighed when dressed
| from 2lO to 22O pounds, and aside from the
| skinned milk their only feed was four bushels
| Of corn per head. That is sample of what on
| man did, and what many others can do if they vii
but try. Perseverance wins IN the battle of life
Dairy farming adds to The value of the land, whea
farming does not. Certain elements are carried OF
| IN the growth of the straw which cannot be re
| placed. These elements becoming exhausted whea
| owing as rule becomes failure 1t was so il
linoS, or at least in the northern portion, and j
| will be so in Minnesota.
Some of you may be inquiring in your minds a.
to what is the best breed Of for the dairy. Elk
| perience has shown that grade Short-horns AM
grade Holsteins are The best. They easy keep
ers, mature early, .ive large quaint IS of milk ant
| produce butter almost equal to the Jerseys. Afte
they have served their lime in the dairy the farme
| good price for them. Will the business be over
!, done? think hear You ask Well that question
mas Deen asked frequently during tn
/ past ten years, and the only answe
is the continued high price of butter. meal
| higher under the creamery system than it was I'M
der the farm system, when much of the butter thel
| made would now be called grease. The creamer
system improves the quality and taxes from tn
market large amount of stuff that was fearfu
| and wonderfully made.
| DEMAND WILL REGULATE THE SUPPLY,
| and as the taste of the American peonle is beia;
educated to the of first-cass gilt-eiged butte
there need be no fear Of an over-production
Europe is beginning to increase her orders TO
| American butter, and If the dairymen everywher
| will insist upon quality rather than quantity nc
! alarm need be felt about our production. few
| years ago 1t was boldly asserted that fine cattl
| could not be raised in latitude SO far north a
Minnesota, aud that for choice cattle the warme
( sections must be depended on. Not few people
| in New York, Kentucky. Missouri and norton n