Saturday press. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1880-1885, 1882-01-14
SATU RDAY PRESS.
Reports Of the Common Sugar Boilery at
81. Cruze.
JANUARY =, 1892


two distinct main swelIings OF land,
namely a westerly and an easterly. The |
appearance of the westerly is very abrupt !
towards the north whereas it is sloping !
gently towards the south. The moulder- |
ing products from the mountains, which |
principally consist of clay have thus
on the southern slope been able to find a
good place for deposition and have there
conformity with coral formations on the |
coast generated deep and fertile soil. |
The easterly mainland swelling consists
OF more or less strongly marked noun
tain ridge through the middle of the isl
and with slopings, which often lead out to
deep water without any coral reefs this
part OF the island does therefore not of
Ter so favorable conditions for fertility as
the westerly, for which reason it also first
has been abandoned by the cultivators of
the soil
The sugar cane is an herb whose middle
stalk is able during several consecutive
years to shoot new canes, which after
having grown for about one year, are ripe
for being harvested After the lapse of n
few years there are only found some sin
gle scattered plants, the greater part of
Thorn having died and left room for weeds.
Every fourth year the field is ploughed
by making burrows for every 4 or feet at
the bottom Of which are placed top-pieces
ms slips. Round about the new sprouting
plants, the soil is weeded until the herb
has shot forth 80 far, that it has got the
better OF the weed. Next, the plant is
MANFRED by being surrounded with cir
cular furrow in which is placed dung from
the cattle. This dung is partly the result
Of bad feeding of cattle and it loses
considerably in value by being exposed
during the day time to the rays OF the
! lv
powerful nourishment for the plants.
AS is mentioned, the ploughing is taking
place every 4th or 9th year and during
this period or 5 crops are gathered, but
rs no other ingredients nutritive to the
plants are immersed in the soil, it is no
wonder that the ground by and by be
comes exhausted, that n part of the island
by degrees has been left uncultivatcd, and
that the devastation first has reached tho
least favored part, to wit, the eastern part
of the island
Every plantation has it's own factory,
which however is very primitive. The
pressing of the sugar cane is based upon
the belief that no more than, at highest,
so per cent. Juice must be obtained, SO
that what remains on the rolling work.
after being dried, is sufficient to vaporize
the juice. Besides being manufacturer
the planter is also merchant, and as it is
in the quality OF the latter that he appar-
emily gains his money, he has not his at
tention sufficiently directed to his fields.
In order to give him more leisure to do
this and at the same time render it posi-
BILE to obtain more sugar Of the cane
crops, the central boilery was established.
The idea about n central factory is
taken from the French colonies These
factories arc all based upon n tramway
system, as from the chief station, tram
ways go out to those plantations whose
sugar-canes are to be worked up. Such n
system could however not be realized at
st. Cruze on account of the particular
formation of that part of the island where
the factory was to be established namely,
central sugar boileries is used by the beet
root sugar manufactures in France,
whore they on cultivated spots erect small
stations, which press out the sugar juice
and add the lime, after which the juice
thus prepared is through pipe conductors
brought to tho central station for further
preparation.
In order to examine which of these
systems might be best suitable for St.
Cruze and at the same time to try how
long the juice could keep sound, the
Danish engineer, Mr.. Hagenson, in 1875,
went out to the island.
He examined the juice from the differ
ent plantations and brought also some
thing of it with him to Europe, and of the
different analyses it became apparent that
there was no danger in choosing the pipe
system. On account of the natural form
alton OF the island and the amount OF
capital which was at disposal this system
was on the whole the only one available
In 1877 a shareholding company was
formed, which concluded contract Will
IN fha lalt of hf
sugar-canes, SO that for every 100 lbs. the,
received in payment the value Of 81 lbs
Muscovado sugar, by which means they
got about the same payment that the,
might have obtained by their own works
The planters agreed for great part onl,
unwillingly to this, but the Compan!
were not disieartened by this circum
stance and chose tho site of tho stations
being convinced that the planters in tn
proved to be the case. What has contri
buted materially to help tho matter o.
are the easy modes of conveyance, tn
roads being in capital condition and tn
state OF tho commerce on the island s
excellent
THE STATIONS.
In five places are erected station,
where the sugar canes are delivered an
paid and whore the juice is pressed out {
them; they are all five arranged in til
same manner. On arrival at the static
the carts are weighed in scale at tn
porter's lodge and are then driven alon
to be unloaded on both sides of tho Ion
cane-carrier, by means Of which the sugar
canes, that the workmen have properl
arranged upon it, are brought to til
rolling works, where the juice is presse
out. The length of the cane-carrier is s
feet and one end OF il therefore pr,
trudos far beyond the station buildin;
The rolling works consist of three cylil
ders Of u foot diameter, and length
fect Of which the first and the thir
have the axis in tho same horizontal pla
while the second is lying over the tw
others, so us to make it work against bot
OF them. The canes are now first inserte
between tho first and second cylind,
whose reciprocal distance is about ! inc
then push against bent sheet, u socalle
dumb-turner, which changes their dire
ton, SO us to lead them in between Il
second and the third cylinder, whose roc
procal distance is about IL inch. III
cylinders, the circumference velocity
which is about Is feet in the minute, a
n, IL, aha