The Red Cloud chief., 1882-09-15

.CsIrs 81 1ts rsspl.
Cairo b the second city a impoe'
iancs In the Turkish Empire. Consfan.
tinsp,c being the frss- l Il situssed
about 110 miles southeast Of the nos
ruirsd city Of Alexandria. Q mile from
The right bank of The Nile and ter
miles above TIE delta Of that river. II
ha. q population Of about 10000 pco
pie. Mohammsdans, CoptA. Jews.
Greeks. Armeniaas and Europeans
tn, ely lies mostly On the plain Of the
Nile Valley, but che southeast part, in
ciuding the citadel. Is built upon ths
spur o the Mskko,am Noun,a n Cairo
occupies . site Of about seven miles in
circumference. Strangers who visit II
are enchanted by is appearance from
without. but their golden dreams arc
dispelied rs soon ~ they s:t foo; inside.
The houses ~ . rule are wrctebcd little
huts one story high. and the streets ARD
lily kept. anpaved. and in . filthy con-
dition- Clouds o. dut are mel ri
every hand. and a heavy rainfall Is con
sidered . calamity, for The garbage in
abe trcc,s uniergoes rapid drcomposi-
ton The Esbckizah. the pr ncipsl
public place, Is painted with shurb,
and trees and crossed by walks. Cairo
Is famous for its mosques. some OF them
elegant specimens Of Arabian archi-
lecture. The most celebrated Of the
four hundred OF these structures il that
Of Sultan Hassan. near the citadel.
Tia a III r la
brated for the beauty OF lis
architecture and for . college 20
which hundreds 81 students resort from
all parts of the Mohammedan world.
The mosque Of Talun. founded A. ID.
$40. contains specimens OF the pointed
arch which WAS atterward introduced
into Europe, and Vas one Of the charac-
teristic. OF the Gothic style Of architect
ure. Northeast Of the city. just "a t,ide
The walls, are q number OF beautiful
mosques built over the tombs OF the Cir
cassian and Borgite monks. In the
southeast Is the citadel. on q hill $50
feet above the rest Of the city. contain
ing the palace of the khedive, the mint,
n mandatory Of arms. various Govern
ment offices. barracks and other build
ings, and a splendid mosque. begun By
Mehemet All. Within the citadel a
deep well is cut $50 feet deep. intended
to supply the garrison in case of siege.
The different races who inhabit Cairo
live in distinct quarters. of which there
are many, rs the jew quarter. the Frank
quarter. the Coptic quarter. etc. The
streets leading 10 each quarter are closed
at night by gates. The khedive main-
tains q iheaier for French comedy. and
an orera house and a good ballet. In
the Frank duarter is the library Of the
Egyptian association. There are also
many Protestant and Catholic char.ta-
BILE institutions in Cairo. where all per-
sons of all creedS are treated alike. The
Americans. among others, haze a relig-
iOus mission in the city. Cairo has twJ
suburbs. Boolak and Mu,r-cl-Abek. boih
of which are on the banks of the Nile.
and serve as ports to the city.
Cairo was founded about a. ID. $40,
by Johar, q General Of FL Moez. the
chief Imam Of the northwest coast of
Africa He name it FL Kahireh (the
yictorio.s). in commemoration of his
conquest IL Egypt. In III the cru
saders laid siege to the city. but with.
drew on the approach OF the Syr.an
army. Saladin greatly improved the
city. In 1856 the Turks defeated the
bcys in a battle before Cairo,
and took possess on OF the place, but
lost it agan in 1890. a few years later
Bonaparte entered Cairo with
his victorious army. Tn, city was.
furthermore. the scene of most of tn,
triumphs of Mehemet Ali. At the head
OF the Albanians he o tuercd il soon
after the departure Of the French. He
then openly declared war on the Name
luke beys. A considerable body Of the
beys who were camp,d before Cairo i'm
the summer If 1906 were eniiccd into
making an attempt to seize the city.
They forced al entrance by u g1te pur-
left u~ndefended. and marched
lriumphantly through the streets until
they were Suddenly sarroun led by the
Of Mchemet Ali. who slaughtered
them all without mercy. For the next
years Mehemet Ali kept on compar-
good terms with the beys. On
1, 1911, however. he cnticed all
he Mameluses in Cairo into tn. citadel
,n pretense of witnes sing the ceremony
IF investing his son Tusum with the
of an ARM to be sent against
he Wahabees in Arabia. The gates of
he fortress were then closed upon them.
md they were killel to the number of
I70. BY this event Mehemet Ais au-
'hority in Egypt was placed on q firm
y. Mail AMI Express.