The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1882-12-01
How Breeds are Formed.


rious results In other departments.
How Breeds are Formed.
An inquirer writing 10 the Breeders CD
zette, says: | wouli like to know how to
get thoroughbred, or In other words, dis
tfnct breed, and that paper after some pre-
liminary replies to him Is follows:
liza common mare be bred to . strictly
thoroughbred horse, the product Is half
blood. BY continuing this process, each
time breeding the produce to thoroughbred
until you reach FIVE crosses, under the Amer
lean rule, the produce would be entitled TO .
registry a. thoroughbred, and would be en-
titled TO compete for premiums offered for
thoroughbred horses. But In England
hor.e is not regarded as t thoroughbred, aud
is not accorded place In the stud book. un-
less his Lineage can be traced In unbroken
succession, aud without admixture, TO ORR
en- al blood.
With cattle In the United States the usage
IL not so uniform. No amount Of crossing
with pure blood will cutill. 81 animal 10
entry In the Jersey Herd Registry. IL must
be purely bred animal, impaired directly
from the lsle Of Jersey, under certain re-
strictions, or descended, on b"th sides, from
imported and recorded sire and dam, " i'll "ut
any admixture whatever " alien or nni-.
corded blood. or IL Is not recognized rs =
thoroughbred Jersey. With Shorhorns the
regulations are somewhat different In the
two herd books. The American Hero Book
Is conducted under the rule adopted by The
American Association Of Shohborn BREEDERS
al Indianapolis several years age, ~hrch Is ~
follows:
Resolrtd, That the ancestry Of the AMI
mails should be traced OIL both sides TO in-
ported animals (Shorthorns) or 10 those
heretofore recorded In the American Herd
Book, with pedigrees not false or spurious,
before they are entitled to registry" .j.s
The rule was amended few years later
by the same association, by the adoption Of .
vague aud obscurely worded resolution,
which being interpreted, means, If IL means
anything, shout as follows: 1.-THE animals
that were not eligible under the above rule
have, by accident or oversight. been once re-
corded In the American Herd Book, 10 mat
ter how far short they may have come Of the
required stand ard, the descendants Of AMI
mails wrohgfully recorded may be admitted,
provided five crosses of recorded or recorda-
ole blood can be shown In the case Of f.
males, and six such crosses for bulls. Sub
sequently, however, this association rescind-
ed all Of Its rules, leaving the whole matter
In the hands Of the publishers 81 the herd
hooks; and the publishers Of the American
Herd Book have announced that they will
pe governed In the future by the rule -
amended above. ."
Under this rule a amended, our cores
pondent may commence with thoroughbred
bull aud . common COW, and he may use
nothing but thoroughbred bulls on the pro
luce for twenty generations, and II still
would not be en- titled to entry In m Amsri
can Shorthorn Herd Book, unless the com.
mon COW with W hich he commences has, by
some accident, been accorded place In the
record; but n this Herd Book, established
many years prior 10 the adoption Of the In.
dianapolis rule, contains many animals that
would not have been entitled to registry un.
der this rule, the effect Of the foregoing reg
nIation 10 to authorize the recording Of the
descendants of such animals, without regard
- the eligibility OF their ancestors.
The rule adopted by the Shorthorn Record
is sthl more rigorous. Nothing 10 admitted
to this record that cannot trace, In unbroken
succession, without admixture, TO imported
sire and dam.
The English Shorthorn Herd Book, which
ID controlled BY m association Of Shorthorn
breeders, 10 conducted upon different basis.
Cows showing four crosses Of approved
Shonhorn blood, and bulls with i've such
grasses, are admitted 70 registry and are
clas.ed ~ thoroughbred Shorhorns. The
Canadian Shorthorn Herd Book has bsen
conducted under the same rule - the Eng
lish, but recently more strict construction
has been adopted.
We think our correspondent will dnd the
foregoing full answer to his question. II
will be seen that the simple fact that m aai.
NAL ID registered does not make 4 thor
oughbed, but II il safe TO assume, that IL IN
animal 10 entered in given register, the ID
itor has investigated the alleged pedigree,
and that II 10 eligible under his government,
aud In proportion = the editor i known to
be careful, accurate, and strict In the On
forcement of this rule, u the recorded pedi-
gree to Be relied upon = coming up - The
required standard. but II should be borne
In mind thai the stud books and the herd
books are used only = convenient places for
recording ped,srees, and the breeder must
look 70 the pedigree itself. and trace. Il
through ali IL collateral lines before he can
decide - TO liz value.
The Denrsr Trfbsfnr rfses u remark