davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09
Portland and Worcester Line.
PORTLAND 6 ROCHESTER r. e.

WINTER ARRANGEMENT
On and after Monday, Dec. 5,
essssaagessass Ssh, Passenger Trains viii leave
sss- 5-s=i Portland at S.3O a. na., and
--s-HI-----1--E .O5 o. sr., arriving at Worcester
at 2.15 p. m. and 7.30 p. m. Returning leave
Union Depot, Worcester, at 7.S0 and I1.15 q.
a., arriving at Portland at 125 p. N. and 5.45 p.
FOR GIintcn, aver game, Fitehbnrg,
Nashua, Howell, EimlhaEn, and Ess.
ping at s.3O IN. and Hes p. m.
For Manchesser, Concord and points North, az
LOS p. NE
E0r Rochester, Springvale, Alfred, WAT
eEbGrc aad kacc Raver.z.:s0 a. rKa., 4. OS
p. ma, and (nixea) at ESQ p. I'm. Returning
leave Rochester at (mlxed) 6.45 s. M, 1l.24
D. M. and 1856 p. M; arriving at Portland
(IRixed) 9.35 a. M, 1.25 p. N. and 5.45 p. M.
For GcrsaREn, SaccurRpRa, CusnberlaRd
Mile, WesabroO4 and W0cSiferd'e.
at $50 n. IA, les, $40 snd (nixedl
The .O5 p. IA. TAIN from Portland connects ct
the West, and at Union Depet, Worcester, for
Kew Work via Norwich Lime, and all rail,
via Springfield, also with NJ. z. g. N. E. R.
Y. (s'Steamer Maryland Route'D for PkiiRdel-
esaia, Baltimore, Washington, and the
south and with Bosson 81 Albany e. ~. for
the West.
Close connections made at yvess5roek Jame-
sfon with through trains of Ne. Central z. r., and
at G-audTrunk Transfer, Portland, with through
trains Of Grand Trunk II. r.
Through tickets TO all points South aud West, at
Depot Offices and at Rollins q Adams No. 20 Ex-
change Street.
Does not stop at Woodford's.
]. W. PETERS. Gen. Ticket Agent,
GEO. p. WESt L. Supt. dec3dtf
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09

The .avorite Steamers Forest City and John
Brooks will alternately leave FRANKLIN WHARF
Portland, at z O'Clock D. m. and INDIA WHARF,
Boston, at O'Clock p m. Sundays excepted.
Passengers by this line reminded that they se-
cure comfortable nights rest and avoid the expense
and Inconvenience of arriving in Boston late st night
re- Tickets and Staterocms for gale at y. H.
YOUNG'S, 273 Middle Street.
Through Tickets to New York, via the various
Rail and Sound Lines for sale at very low rates.
Freight taken as usual.
J.B. COYLE, Jr., General Agent,
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09
WANTED.

BY married man, permanent situa-
ton as clerk, or as assistant book keeper.
Would prefer to go in some wholesale
store. Address "N.'' Press Office.
ian4 div
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09
CHILDREN'S And MISSES

School Boots, good, solid durable goods. and the
worth of your money each and every time. No
Shoddy Goods at ANY Price, ''Our Motto, Good,
Durable, Stylish Goods, at prices that defy compe
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09
Yours without a struggle,

JOSH BILLINGS.
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09
BARGAINS

200 pairs Gents Double Sole. Hand sewed Mo
Jersey Congress, all widths. Gents Jersey, Cloth
Top, Compress, all sizes and Widths. Cents Cloth
Top in Lace and Congress, Hand Sewed, only $500.
Gents Grain, Balmoral B, c, D. and e. Gents
Calf Balmorals, all widths, sizes and half sizes.
Gents Fine Styled Goods speciality. Please call
and examine. No trouble TO show goods.
The Portland daily press., 1882-01-09
SLEIGHS FOR SALE.

nNE secondhand round back Double Sleigh. full
W trimmed, pole and shafts, G. P. KiInballs
make; one secondhand Extra Seated Sleigh one
secondhand Traverse Runner Pung; second
hand pair Runners, with frame suitable fer truck
ing. Also New Single and louble Sleighs on hand.
ALBERT CHASE, 30 Prebie Vt.
ian3 div
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

ORIGIN OF THE IUCIFER MATCH
The invention of our present lucifer
match was so great because it was so
very small, and it now turns out that
the production of this most useful, but
at the same time this most dangerous
fire work was due to a happy thought
which flashed through the brain of an
English professor, Mr.. Isaac Holden.
who so termed the idea in his evidence
before the patent committee.
Mr.. Holden had to rise at four in the
morning to pursue his studies in chem
istry, and experienced the gravest in
convenience from his tedious efforts to
obtain light from flint and steel. He
was giving lectures at this time to A
large academy. He says, "Of course.
l knew, as all chemists do, the explosive
material that was necessary to produce
instantaneous light but it was very
difficult to obtain a light on explosive
material, and the idea occurred to me to
put under the explosive mixture. did
that and published it in my next lecture.
and showed it. There was a young man
IN the room whose father was a chemist
IN London, and he immediately wrote
TO his father, and shortly afterward lu-
clter matches were issued to :he world. ,
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

CHICKEN CHOLERA.-FromM Nav 30.
1880, until February, 1881, we lost from
cholera ITO chickens a friend procur-
ed the following remedy for us which
we have used in that time and have ONLY
lost one chichen from cholera. and that
more from neglect than anything else.
believe lice to be the great cause of
cholera. To prevent this we have our
poultry yard cleaned at least once in two
or three weeks, by scrubbing, using hot
water to scald the rOOsting Stats. and
every hiding place. Then we sprinkle
all with air Stacked lime, and use sui
phur in the nests. If the fowls are in
tested with lice, mix two parts lard with
one part sulphur. ahd rub well under
the wings, and the breast, with food and
fresh water plenty. I think we need
not fear chicken cholera.
The recipe is as follows: l pound
madder; [ pound carbonate of soda, l
pound ginger, pound copperas. ! pound
capslcum, pound black antimony.
To forty fowls, mix one tablespoonful
into two or three quarts of corn dough
or wheat bran mash. and feed late i'm the
evening, once week as a preventative.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

in a kiln, where they are gradually rails
ed to a heat and kept at it until their
baking is completed. say in about twelve
hours. There is then nothing more to
be done with them, after they cool suf-
ficiently to pack them in boxes and send
them to market, if they are the ordinary
L. d. pipes, or any variation upon that
pattern. Unless, perhaps, it may be
deemed advisable to give them an extra
fancy touch by dipping their ends in
a mixture of saffron tea and milk to
make them smooth and color them tenn
porarily a pretty yellow just where the
smokers lips touch the stem-provided
he does not begin by breaking that part
off, as most clay pipe smokers generally
do.
Sometimes clay pipes are intended to
color like meerschaums. To achieve
thai they are soft baked and then cover
ed with a coat of shelac yarnish, which
colors brown when the pipe is smoked.
There are infinite varieties of clay pipe
designs, and the success of manufactur-
ers particularly in this country, de-
pends in a great degree, upon their or
iginality and taste in bringing out new
patterns. One factory in Glasgow, Scot
land, which is reputed to be the largest
in the world, is credited with having
brought out no less than 600 different
designs and another in Baltimore is
said to have 130 separate styles.
Some of the pipe manufacturers are
now diveTting their attention to the
manufacture Of cOTn-cOb pipes by steam
machinery instead of the slow, old-faSh-
ioned process, formerly employed by the
darkeys OF the South. A very coarse
emery wheel grinds smooth the outside
of the cob, and peculiarly fitted bore it
out of the bowl, and the introduction of
a reed stem. Some manufacturers un-
derstands the art of preparing the cobs
to assume a charming meeTchaum color
when smoked by brushing them with
certain acid. The corn cob pipe must
always be respected as the sweetest in
the world, better even than the meers-
chaum, out it has the defect of being
liable to turn out the first time it is
lighted, although it may possibly last for
many months before doing so. Expert
ments are now making to free the corn
cob from this defect
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

DON'T HAVE YOUR BEES MAKE
CoNB.-Fully four-fif of all the hon
ey that goes to market is slung from the
comb by machine called the honey ex-
tractor ; which consists of a large tin
can containing the revolving frames to
hold the comb. and which removes the
honey from the cells by centrifugal
power the same as water is slung from
a grindstone when rapidly turned. Be-
fore the comb is put into this machine
the cells are all uncapped by a knife ex-
pressly for the purpose. By this ar
rangement the honey is secured at a
great saving of comb, which is put back
into the hive to be again filled by the
bees. The comb or wax the bees make
from honey, and it has been detwermin-
ed that in making one pound they con-
sumo from ten to fifteen pounds of hon
ey in its production.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01
LYDIA e. PINKHAM'S
VEGETABLE COMPOUND,

Is Positive Cure
For all those PaiBruI CO1,spIaints nnd Weaknesses
common to our best female population
Medicine for Woman. Invented by Woman.
Prepared by 4 WOman.
he Greatest Medical Discovery sinse thu Dawn ofsro-y.
EBIt revives tire dropping spirits. .fnvfeorates and
hrmonzes the organic funetlonsssivss elasticity and
hrmness to the step the natural lustre 20 the
eye and plants the pale cheek Of woman the fresh
rHGspf LIES spring hnd early summer time.
% Physicians Use u and Prescribe g Freely "a
TbTemoves faintHes fa-ulency. destroys all craving
for smulant and relieves weakness Of the stomach
That feeling Of bearing down. causing pain, weight
and baaehe, Is always permanently cured BY its
For the cure of Kidney CoHaplnints OF either sex
Ghts Compound Il ursurpa ssed.
LYDIA y. PTNKHAsI's BLOOD PURIFIER
will eradicate every yesLilo OF Humgrs from tie
man woman or child Insist on having Il.
Both the Compound and Blood Purifier arc PREPARED
ct 2s8 and e5 Western k7enue, lynn Mass. Price Of
either 81 Six bottles for s5 Sent by mail In the form
pills. of fl0zerpes receipt Of price 81 per box
for either. Mrs. PiEha1l freely all letters Of
inquiry. Enclose Set. stamp. Send rpanphlst-
no famly should be witboukI-Y -YDIA z PINEHA1I's
LIVER PILLS. They cure c5hst tipation, biliOusncss
and torpidaty Of the hver. % cents per box
EBSOId by all DruEgists.-EN %
HkE@A2kG ~
~ 60
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

The owners of the above pieces OF tracts of land
desiring to redeem them, can do so by applying to
the Commissioners at their office before the time
of the sale.
JOHN CAMPBELL,
5. W. DAVIS. commissioners.
JOSEPH HOGUE.
". II. MCNULLES. CIerx.
Commissioners Office Ehenshurg Aug : 1882
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

How TO SHOE HORSES.-A Lancaster
county subscriber sends the following
statement from a noted horse shOer in
his vicinity, as to the mode of shoeing
1t strikes us as being as near perfection
as it could be, and we commend it to
the attention of every shoer He in
forms us that the shOeT some years ago
was asked to wTi tie down his mode, and
did so, ana thinks that it might have
been published in a Western paper
where he resided ''The way l shoe a
borse is this: First see that the animal
stands in natural position so that it is
perfectly upright II so level the wall
of the foot to receive the shoe, and
nothing more. Never cut the frog, sole
or brace. nor the heels; Iet nature do its
own work. IL let alone, once in six
weeks, or two months, the frog brace,
and sole VIII shed. Make the shoe light
at the toe, and heavy at the heels, flor
the heels are then the tenderc3t part of
the foot.) Put the nails well forward
of the quarters. Use light nails. Con-
cave the shoe until you get 30 the quar-
ter to protect the soles. Then convex
the heels a little, and you cannot make
narrow heels, cOTns, quarter cracks or
contracted feet. Fit the shoe cold, and
fit it to the foot, not the foot to the
SnO6. EOllOW Jne wall carefully lit
the shoe as broad as you can bring the
heels around to the frog, but not to
touch it. Never make the shoe longer
than the foot never use bar shoes as in
every case they are wrong and hurtful.
Never rasp the outside wall. for YOU
destroy the glass or enamel that protects
it against decay, and protects it from
growing rough and rigid. This imprO-
per method of shOeing is the cause of
more lameness than any one thing. 1t
causes cOrns, quarter cracks and con-
tracted feet. Whoever pares, or allows
to be pared, a horses sole brace or frog,
and burns the foot with the shoe, or puts
clips. on the shoe in the front or sides. is,
by such useless. harmful and outrageous
mutilatiOn, guilty OF cruelty to the no.
bic beasts. No frog, no foot no foot,
[ no horse -
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

At 4 O'Clock. p VI. the following pieces and
tracts OF Seated and Uuseared Lands which were
purchased at Treasurers' sales and have been held
hVe years subject to but without redemption
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01
CONNIySIOlERS' SALB
Seated and UlSGatHd
LANDS!
Monday. the Hin day September, 1882,

TT'HE COMMISSIONERS or CAMBRIA COUNTY
Il III offer at public sale, at the court House t1
Ebenr5tLrq. ON
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

A NEW material is coming into use for
louise building. 1t is fire brick made into the
shape Of box with the ends knocked out.
Each hollow block measures about eighteen
inches long and about ten inches square the
other two WAYS, so that it has cubic cana
city for building of twenty-eight bricks, aud
cost ten cents a blocks. Tiles for roofing
are made of the same material Here, then.
is material at one-third the cost of brick.
and three times as good.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

-"....David DavIs...................l87o
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-09-01

r. /. J Johnston, NJ. J. Buck,
f. y. Shoemaker, \. w. Buck.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
PAPERS FILED.
Municipal Court.

DeIOfe u uuSSe COO1ey.1
Robert Campbell, Christ. Penhort, John
Collins, M. G. Woodward, D. L. Cole,
drunkenness; paid fines of seven dollars
each.
August Remett, vagrancy; dismissed.
William Hand, larceny; continued until
tomorrow morning, under one hundred
dollar bonds.
81. L. Northey, obtaining money under
false prstenses; held to the action of the
grand jury in the sum of three hundred
dollars, and in default of the same he went
to jail.
Samuel Johnson, larceny; continued un-
til to-day in one hundred dollar bonds.
Mabel Claire, occupying appointments
in house of ill-fame. Paid fine of tendol-
lars and costs.
Hobart Weeks, assault and battery; con-
tinued until nine o'clock this morning.
Hobart Weeks, drunkenness; paid fine
of seven dollars.
Ann Flattery, Mrs. Dennis FINN abusive
language; paid fine of ten dollars and
costs.
Chares Carlson and John Smith, drunk
enness, committed ten days each.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20

o.
ey, sryone. He has never done a char
itab, 9 act in his life without q sinist.
or L Motive. Since his candidacy
for re- election to congress, he
has built or contributed largely to several
churches. , mostly Scandinavian, and now
he comes fo ward and offers to devote a
large sum of money in building fine
addition to the Mater Misericordae hospi-
tai which is being conducted under the
auspices of the Sist> ais of Mercy in South
Minneapolis. For tn sake of the noble
Christian sisterhood, which is doing a
grand and charitable work In car
ing for the sick and needy,
no one will regret the donation
although they fully realize the motive
which prompted the scheming selfsh
donor. The effect of running DR.. AmeS
against the kid gloved aristocrat is effect
ing good in more ways than one.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
n Hint fer Minneapolis.
Fargo Argus.

The Minneapolis Tribune is making a
desperate effort to fight G. F. Kindred, its
last comment being that if he is elected to
congress Fargo will have 1.-TWO members"
Do the people of Minneapolis desire it un-
derstood that they want war with Fargo,
and that they don't care for Fargo's trade,
or Fargo's influence, az would seem to be
the case by tho expression of the Tribune.
If Minneapolis desires to make war on
Fargo, and objects to her people and her
money, Fargo can stand it, if Minneapolis
can.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
PERSONAL MENTION.

A. o. Buder, the proprietor of the Falls
hotel was married to Miss Louisa TRIGGER
on Sunday.
Miss Ella A. Giles, the Madison, Wiscon-
sin authoress, is in Minneapolis.
George Manson and j. J. Buel, both re-
Gently of the hotel Gazette, departed yes
to-day on three weeks trip to eastern
cities.
Col. Platt B. Walker will leave this
morning for trip through the numbering
regions of Wisconsin.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
Good -4dcice for Coming Elections.
Methodist

Members of congress are to be chosen.
Look to it and see whether the candidate
offered by your party had any part in the
recent ''river and harbor" scandal. If so,
your vote against him will give him a
valuable and much-needed lesson on po-
litical morality. The candidates for the
state legislature will also need looking
after, especially in respect to their rela-
tions to the great railroads and other mo-
nopolies. Nearly all who have recently
served in these bodies may be very safely
left at home. Better try new man than
trust second time to one who has proved
himself not trustWorthy
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
SALE OF STATE LANDS.
STATE OF MINNESOTA,
LAND OFFICE,

LAND OFFICE,
ST. PAUL, Sept. 1, 1882
Notice is hereby given that the auditors of the
counties of Anoka, Blue Earth, Brown, Carver,
Chisago, Chippewa, Dakota, Faribault, Fillmore,
Mcleod, Meeker, Nieollet, Mobiles, Olmsted, Rice,
Rock, Sherburne, Scott, Sibley, Steele, Wabasha,
Waseca, Washington, Winona and Wright will offer
at public sale the school, agricultural college, uni
versity and internal Improvement lands appraised
and unsold, or that may have been sold and become
forfeited by reason of failure to pay interest for
two years, in their respective counties, on
Saturday, Oct %, 1882, at 10 O'Clock a. M
Sales In the counties named below will be held by
commissioner of the State land Office as follows:
Counties. Place Of sale. Date.
Redwood Redwood Falls. Thursday, Oct. IL, 1882
Renvlle. Beaver Falls, Friday, Oct 49, 1882.
Kandiyohi.. Willmar Monday, Oct 16, 1892
Swift Benson. Tuesday, Oct. II, 1882
Grant. Hermann. Wednesday, Oct.18, 1882.
Wilkin. breckenridge. Thursday Oct 49, 1882
Clay. ..Moorhead Friday, Oct. 20, 1882.
Polk. Crookston: Saturday, Oct. 81, 1882.
Otter Tail. Fergus Falls. Monday, Oct. %, 1882.
Douglas. Alexandria. Tuesday, Oct. "a, 1882
Stearns st. Cloud. Wednesday, Oct 25, 1882
Morrison Little Falls Thursday, Got g. 1882
Todd Long Prairie Friday, Get. n, 1882.
Murray Currie Tuesday, Oct. 81, 1852
will be forwarded to the county auditor at least ten
days prior to the date of sale.
rBRAs OF sALR.
Fifteen per cent. of the purchase money and in
terest at the rate of per cent. per annum the
balance from the day of sale to the list day of june
1883, will be required ON the day of sale. On tim
Der lands amount equal to the value of the tim
Der will be required in addition to the Is per cent
Interest the unpaid purchase money at the rate
OF per cent. per annum In advance becomes due
the LIST day of June, or within six days thereafter
In each year. rst rE7
Upon failure to pay interest when due, the lands
revert to the State without further notice pro-
cess and will again be offered at public sale unless
double the amount of interest due is previously
paid No lands can be sold at less than theappraisa
which cannot be less than IS per acre.
| aM ". W. BRADEN.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
THE COURTS.
Probate Court.
Before Judge LELAND. /


In the matter of John Cameron, de-
ceased. Order allowing final account and
decree of distribution issued.
In the matter of the Gognia minors.
Order of license to sell land issued
In the matter of the estate of Newton
Whitney, deceased. Letters testamentary
issued to James Whitney. Order limiting
time to pay debts and for creditors to. pre-
sent claims issued.
In the matter of the estate of John
Campbell, deceased. Petition to admit
foreign will filed. Hearing set for Octo-
Der 10Th.
In the matter of the estate of William
Pasnow, deceased. Petition to prove will
filed. Hearing set for October 10th.
District Court.
PAPERS FILED.
Maxfeld & Co. VS.. M. L. Moeder & Co.
Deposition of Charles M. Maxfeld. John
f. Maxfeld and Henry Jung in behalf of
plaintiff, fled
Thomas w. Wilson VS.. Geo. D. Hyset.
Action to recover $59,745 and costs. an
judgement rendered August 18th, 1882.
Ella M. Carroll VS.. Miles Carroll, action
for divorce on ground of desertion.
Lydia McCushan VS.. John G. McCushan.
action for divorce, on ground of cruel and
inhuman treatment.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20

Of REcoHNENDFD BY PHYSICIANS Of The hisAs.s
sassnse Bah s Of tie Atlantic inyAusbe Tsne
and 1osstve n eases u oeeeSh Debility Nervous De-
prsssso, Ense6lsa Csassituea and Female Weakness.
NuASiAe WoYHERS, whs suser fsn poverty q MIN.
win hnl speaiae F their Troubles. IL
1seoa. the sDoetiss nyser.iss and bu4s the
ssars syssenf end Gzeates seasreus How sf min.
WEAK AM SicklY eHil DAEAl, Who sss.r from
lastsds saA vsaness The result 81 deas study
ssrain Win derive subsantsi benefs from hs
Il rssess tAs syseH % it, normal condition aad brinss
hask tAs ssssa Il yputA. asf
iavALlDS AND eCONvALEScENTs vsn ana Il .d
rAby aAapssd fer ssstring HE ressfing strength.
When ths stomach weak and
the Extract w4n excellent substitute for food
aeithr pals spsn the appetite oassdi the
DELICATE FEMALES Who suser from the mattresses q
their Win derive lasting relief from its Il
the digessson PARTIES shs blood stimulates the appetite
rsvives Tie spirits Ca lt
WEAK AND DELICATE PERSONS GENERALLY,
Who require :on: especially ihess
VIE are inclined 70 CsAsunpou-w ind this preparation
exactly suited 70 their needs Il 10 gpecinc the
and Nervous A1sons usually incident low Of the
systen-
AS AFLEsH REsyoaER I. possesses II. hssA... v.iu.
The whole tendency Of It's action stimulate the digestion
OF foods and its effect II Invariably to give
ness and rsondnsss che female and ROBUSTNESS the
masculine frams.
IhE liEBiG MALT EXTRACT 10 purs eoacensrated
Fluid Extract Of 4a and free from
aiecho II readily retained the stomach and contains
preparation bears the label engraved likeness II
BARoH LIxsro, and Of his Signature, ~
well that Of 4. VoGELKR CO., BALrrxoRs, Mo- Sole
Agents for America.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-09-20
THIRTY DAYS

after the first publication of this notice, shall
report you and your real estate SO assessed as
delinquent, and apply to the District Conrt of
the county of Ramsey, Minnesota, for judgment
against your lands, lots blocks, parcels there
of 80 assessed, including interest, costs and ex-
penses, and for an order of the Court to sell the
same for the payment thereof.
257-67 GEORGE REFS, City Treasurer.