Arizona weekly enterprise., 1882-06-03
Railway and Canal Transportation.

Eastward of Chicago and St. Louis a vast network of railways disputes the precedence with any and all other routes of transportation. There is now fercer rivalry than ever before. On Canadian soil the Grand Trunk railway parallels the St. Lawrence system of canals, and extends beyond their Montreal terminus as far te the east as Quebec and Port land. The western terminus Is over lapped by the distance between Port Colborne and Detroit, Sarnia, Coling- wood and other uyper-lake ports. At Collingwood friendly railroad relieves tue steamers of the freight that they so recently carried through the Welland, and delivers it to other bottoms or to the Grand Trunk ct Toronto. In 1878 grain to the value of S27t, S03 passed over this route for the Eastern or foreign market. In 1879 tho value of grain transported was Sl ,536,3j1. This remarkable in- crease Of traffic is to receive tue atten- tiOn of the United States Government as matter affecting the collection of GUS toms and the interest of American ship pers in general.
 Siiil other railroad routes in Canada gre to contest the carrying trade. The building of the Pacific railway has been undertaken by syndicate of English capitalists, Gnd, when once completed, 1t will be formidable rival of the water routes. Indeed, the chief arguments ndyanced for it's construction are based upon the taking of tho lions share in transporting the grain of the Northwest --a claim which, if founded on fact, will ciOse tho new Neliand canal from the mouent the railway is opened. Con- nactilIg at its eastern terminus-Lake Nipissing-with the Canadian railways, the Canada Pacific will find eastern out let's Rithout the aid of the St. Lawrence canals while, ii the Coteau bridge is built, Ottawa will become railway cen- ter whence diyerging lines to the south ward will send the traffic to American ports in spite of the proximity and ter ninal facilities offtred by Montreal.
 The great trunA lines of the United States have also asserted their right to proportion of the carrying trade. Roll ng stock has been mirvelously in- creased, terminal facilities have been established or improved at every Atlan- tic port where tr,Anshipment is neces- sary, and the great Northwest-Ameri- can and Canadian alike-the granary of the world, tapped by Northern Pacific railway, sends it's products to the sea- board. America is the granary of the world, according to the following ratio: United States, 150 France, 105; Rus sia, 80; Germany, 45 Spain, 42 Italy, 39; Austria (with Hungary), 39; Great Britain, 3S.
 A few figures tell the story of trans portation more briefly than words. The five great Atlantic ports-considering Montreal as such-are New York, Bos- ton, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Mont real. Between the years 1873 and 1880, New York, with ell it's railways and it's lnke and canal navigation, has dropped from co per cent. to 5l per cent. of the whole amount of grain received at the above named ports. Within the same period Montreal, with better canals but poorer railroads, has varied greatly, but now drops to 7.5 per cent. On the other hand, the three remaining ports, SUD- piled exclusively by rail, have steadily increased.
 Although New York hes not succeeded in holding the proportion of the suu total of grain reaching the seaboard, as compared with 1874 and 1877, yet il holds it's own with Montreal. And whe1 We consider the sources ot supply, wt find that during the last season of navi gation (lse0) the receipts of grain a New York were 6,500 000 bushels by rail, 69, 500, coo bushels by canal, an( 4,000, 900 bushels by river and coastwis, the largest business ever done on th' State waterways. The canal men tax, courage from these figures, and predic very prosperous season Tor 1851.
 With the interests Of the whole peopl guarded against further encroachment by the land routes, ard with the earl, completion of enlarged waterways ol both American and Canadian soil, tn outlook for cheaper transportation c lreadstuffs bids fair to be bright. Tn greater the facilities for shipping grain the better for all lake ports east of Tole do and Detroit, aud the less temptation will the prairie farmer have to burn hi corn for fuel becBnse it's worth to him 10 cents, while in Liverpool the expens of carrying has increased the cost SI.O3. Compettion Is the life of trade and no rail routes, present or prospeC tive, no improved Erie, no enlarge Welland aud no Mississippi route, ca hope to secure monopoly of the carry ing trade. In bring about this result, c we have seen, the great waterways al performing--S will perform-a mol important part. c. Mathei C. H0fpcJss Htgazil4e.