The National tribune., 1882-09-16
FARM AND FIRESIDE.
Some Prac.ica! Suggestions for 0ur
Agricultural Readers.

In many portions Of the United States the
fall is found to be the best time to plant
trees of all deci9uous kinds, In the South
e7rl States especially, and in all districts
where the frosts Of winter are not severe,
fsll planting Is generally preferred, and even
in the Middle, States many Of the most cx
perienced planters prefer that season. If we
were asked 10 designate the time at which
4 deciduuus tree could be removed and re-
planted, and receive the least amount of
injury from the operation, we would say in
fail. at the time when the leaves begin to
change colCr. Trees removed at that time,
taking care 70 strip the leaves Oft Just before
commencing to Dig il operated upon with
ordinary care, will scarcely show any evil
denoe Of having been disturbed when growth
commences in spring This is the proper
time to remove extra large trees, which is
sometimes done 10 secure immediate scenic
effect IN new grounds, or in connection with
new buildings, and which is sometimes I'D
visable, although not always resulting salts
factorily in the end, rs young healthy tree
planted in a properly prepared hole in good
soil will mostly prove to be The largest tree
ten years after planting, SIS compared with a
removed tree of ten 50 fifteen years old at
the time Of transplanting
One of the best reasons for the success of
fill planting Is the particularly favorable
peculiarities in the relative conditions of the
~ o-,S I,a o+- ,+ 4l,n+ Sooso,, Tho
soil is warmer than the atmosphere for sew
eraI weeks after the 1st Of October, SO shat
the growth Of roots is favored and a new root
sYsteri becomes established and is IN actiTe
o,,eTation before winter; thus the plant is
enabled TO withstand the rigors of ordinary
winters without suffering any drawback,
and when spring arrives it starts into vigor-
Ous growth at once. Another favorable cir
cumstance contested with fall planting is
the low atmospheric temperature which usu-
ally prevails st that season and which effect
uaIly prevents any tendency to growth by
HE lJudS so that the plant is not exhausted
from furnishing moisture for evaporation by
the leaves. These relative conditions of
temperature Of air and soil are precisely
similar to those which propagatOrs aim to
procure bv artificial means in the propaga-
tion of plants by cuttings; these form roots
with most certainty when the soil in which
they are inserted is maintained at higher
temperature than the air which surrounds
them; IN other words, the soil is warm and
the air above them is cool, which encourages
and stimulates the formation of roots in the
warm soil while the low temperature of the
air prevents growth by the buds. and the
Juices in the cutting are available for root
formation instead OF becoming exhausted in
the formation of leaves which would then
speedily shrivel the cutting through evapo-
ration, and no root could then be formed.
A tree which has been carefully lifted with
the greater portion OF its roots is many de-
grees better than a cutting, but it is not
unusual TO find trees, even from nurseries,
whose roots have been so mutilated that
they are but little better than huge Cuttings,
and which can only live by being treated
somewhat similar 10 cuttings. The aiyan-
taCes, therefore, that ore presented for such
trees when planted at a time when the
best conditions naturally exist for root for
nation are so apparent as TO readily &c
count for the usual success OF fall-planted
trees.
But in order TO secure these favorable con-
ditions, the operation OF traDsplanting must
not be too long delayed. October is the best
month for the greater portion Of the country
embraced IN the Northern and Middle States;
~ more southern regions the month of No
veInber will not be too late The best
period is undoubtedly as soon as the leaves
change color, stripping OF the foliage before
removing the trees.
In northern latitudes, where the win
teTs commence early and continue long
and severe, fall planting will not so gener-
ally be successful as in more temper
ate regions where the weather continues
mild until the middle or end of December; !;
but even in somewhat rigorous climates, if
the trees are removed as early as recon-
mended, a notable amount of root growth
viii be made before severe freezing takes
place; something will also be gained by
manure from the barn-yard or sprinlzling
OF leaves from the woods, which viii tend TO
retain heat IN the soil and prevent freezing
Of the surface by the occasional fosts of early
winter.
EARLY PEACHES.
Fl. NJ. Engle, Of Marietta, Pa, states in the
Gardeners Montt(y that he has fruited this
season twenty-six varieties of peaches
claimed 30 be from one to three weeks ear
lier than Hales. He has settled down to
the firm conclusion that there is not three
days difference in time Of ripening of the
following varieties, viz: AInsden, Alexander,
Wilder, Musser, Bowers Early, Bakers Early,
Alpha, Gov. Garland, Sherfey's Early, Nectar,
Early Canada, Waterloo, Downing, Saunders,
Cumberland, Honeywell, Climax, Briggs
Nay, and seeding of his own, known as
No f. All the above named varieties are
Just over, while Early Beatrice, Louisa, and
Early Rivers are Just coming in. He picked
the first ripe peaches about ODD of July,
while two years ago the first were ripe about
2Gth of June Early Surprise is Just coloring
and Will ripen about with Hale's. Early
Rose and Early Lydia quite green. FIaters
ST. John, said 10 be the earliest yellow peach,
will Tipen, he thinks, with Troth. In testing
these, varieties he had fixed on several as
earliest, but finds that comparative earliness