New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1882-10-21
TIE HOME OF THE ZUNIS.
A VISIT TO THEIR CHIEF PUEBLO.

n flSll w CnlEF
APPEARANCE OF TIE ADOBE vILLAGE-HABTrs OF
THE INDIANs-THE ANCIENT SPANISH CHURCH
IRON AN OCCASIONAL CORRESPONDENT OF THE rRIBUSEi
FORT WINGATE, n. NJ, Sept. 20.-The mys-
terry which at time enyeoped that vast region In
cluded under the general designation the Far West
has been dspated rapidly in the past fifteen years
than through all the century prece ding This is due
more especially to two agences-raways, and the yari-
typographical and geological surveys authorized by
the general Government so extensive and thorough has
been the work of latter that the correct and
accurate maps I'm point OF topography, OF any por-
ton of the United States, those Of the state of Colo
RADIO and the Territory OF Utah The surveys, ut FIRST
desultOry, constitute one OF the most efficiently
organized branches OF che Government In addition to
the important work OF ascertaining the formation and
OF this region the geological survey Is aiding
in the development Of ethnOogy as applied TO the
various tribes OF Indians 1t in connection with this
that Mr. II. Cushing is pursuing certain Investigations
mDng the Indians Of the ancient Pueblo or Lun forty
miles OF Fort Wingate Through the courtesy OF
Professor A. r. Thompson, in charged, division OF the
Geological Survey with headquarters at this place nave
spent some DAYS In this Interesting region OF NeW-N K
co company with the survey. Upon The invitation OF
Colonel Stevenson engaged in chronological researches,
was recently permitted to accompany party to tne
village .: ZInL The party consisted OF Senator Logan
and wife, Mrs. Tucker their daughter, Miss Cunning
ham, sister Of Irs Lo-an the senator's son. Manning,
COIOncl stevenson ana Wlc, Cdpt ans hch''DcH anu
Lawton auI their wives Mss Mckenzie and Miss smith,
of SANTA Fec Lieutenant Parker, Of the 4h Cavalry
Maior Gusten, artist, and jIr. WJtick. phoOg apler
The trail to Zn from For; Wngae lead directly over
ain, the Of which is 1909 feet above the
latter place and 5000 feet above sea level Immedi-
atey upon reaching the top there is descent OF about
feet though abrupt thlD the way tho north
side and thon passes distance Of ten miles
smooth plateau upoa which grows the finest belt
OF yellow pine have yet encountered in the Territory
Another descent of 800 feet over q rough road
ami narrow but beautiful valley OF Nntra tBelyeD
breaks the view. with The thrca1lke creek or MI
tria stretching away with unusual drectness for dis
Of ten miles the southeast. Near the head OF
this valley the Pueblo Of Nu.rIa wncre some half
dozen families Of Zunis dwell, ranging their Hooks Of
sheep and goats in the valley and along the hlsdcs
Leaving valley the rghi, after following IL few
miles the road passes through hlly region covered
with cedar pine and n,n, thence through n narrow
valley 1,nkcd on either side with huge sandstone
rocks whose broad and unt4rn9hel surfaces sile ty
attest the prolonged delay Of the patent medicine adyer
Using vaudll suddenly the road enters the Pescai0
Valley, small Pueblo bearing the name being Ia
plain view four miles TO the cast Following The valley
in the opposite direction passed two ancient ruins
Of Pue6Os five miles distant from each other ana
tlen coming upon zuni Creek aud taking its general
course through the high walled pass, after five miles
mostly a sandy soil, at the top OF gradually
deepening lava bed the valley of Zun with the Pueblo
in the centre and three miles Distant sud eny appeared
in view. The bed ter inmates here with an abrupt
the and % the north along the 0alk or tie
stream and It's almost vertical sides display soul mass
of lava reaching 200 feet above the base. The entire
bed about ten miles long and two miles wide and IN
view Gifts great depth 10 constitutes one OF the most
interesting features OF that 10 atty Cool water and
pure air being highly desirable, the camp was made
on this lava bed which Is old that 1t IL covered
with soil 10 depth sufficient support cedar and pinOn
aiv hos i'm
the camp stands with almost perpendicular sides, high
mesa called by the Indians Thunder Mountain On the
top which is 500 feet above the valley are found
the ruins OF Pueblo 20 old that the Spanlads cOulu
get no authentic history OF 1t nearly 800 years
Zuni is the largest Pueblo have yet seen II
numbers about 150O people, and Il conpacuy built
that the entire village does not cover more tHan SIX
OF ground hld 0tteh heard that ne "tuoTPnrto
in and about Zuu rendered very dlsagreeable ny
reason OF the pungent odoss ons5nty ttl5hs ana
which due 10 the want Oi care IN the p51Pss hd"Co
There evidences Of some preparation To seclve
In addition TO tho want OF ahd d5ceg ~ Dc
daily life Of men, women and children, shee dh' go..
cOrrals built adjoining the village ana Wltnm thirty
feet OF Of the dwellings,. Inc Pueblo Is oue mass
OF adobe buildings. They are all connected. ana
high, Their, some three, and the hlsarsJ p0lht
near the centre =, OF the Roof Of I. budSe
by means OF ladders on the outside gilhg
means OF ladders the ground from the exterior or
by entering door and ascending by the same means on
the ide cach having place Of exit saw only
one light OF steps. very short, consisting of
about half dozen made OF mud and the outside
Dt rouse. The living rooms are generally OF pretty
fair size or them being ~ much ~ 20 10y 10 rect
adobe fiat stone while the ceilings over
the first floor supported by heavy pine beams and
are about eight feet high. close LAYER or Sticks or
strength lald across the DcdinS
for the floor above In the frs. room entered wOin
painting pottery previous 10 puttlAB IL INTO me
kim for burning Their pottery designs are chlehy
mutations and they have pieces containing any mark
denOting antiquity that could learn OF. 1 watched
them preparing small kiln o. pottery Tor burning lhrr
ue for consisted eu irey or dried cakes or sheep
manure They rest piece OF pottery on three Jumps Oh
the manure I'll la with small bits or the 1e tnei take
another piece u pottery and until they get 1t al
arranged building IN circle, ana after completely COW
ering The entire pile with layer OF manure they ignite
IT, takes from TO two hours 10 Durn Thoroughly
I'm one room "A young squaw engaged i'll cOmblng |
the hair of Older wonan am tOd tley sIehu llucu
time in this occupation, being very proud OF thtlr hr
which is long, black ana glossy IN TINS opealoh tne
girl used small alb ut tue size OF match to part
thp spttn IL occasionally she Drushei IL |
with "a rude brush made Of yucca, or spanish Dt{onet
I'm nearly every house Is trough, III one emu Ol Tue Nv
ing room and In nged from three TO nve Stones
for grinding meal In one place saw WOMAN Srlnulhs
at the mill - in Oriental fashion.
The gardens are beyond the corTals ana IN one
common Enclosure, with each family's pach OF
n Jew rods pGrttOned of by low mlu |
wall There Is one we'll for the com aumity |
If being about fifteen feet in diameter, walled mp ana
excavation to the waters edge. From this they get all
their winter for household purposes ana nuch o. mat
they se irrgatng ther gardens carrying II III Oas
or hs old churcI, bdllt by the Spanurds some 800
STAGES Of decay Of adobe, is about l25 rect long by
40 wide a gallery, and III the rear OF the hldr thrfe
still carved woodwork surrounded nv nguIe OF the
pope in relieve. This building has Outlyed us day Of
the BODY that founded IT, whilst the people was To aid
i'm lifting ND are after than three centuries, SIN
yot aries OF the false gous OF their fathers.