The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1882-11-25
The British Debt,

eHOrUS W TtuuCe IL nave IOuCntu only
small fraction of it. The accounts, how
ever, prove that for the past quarter of
century in fact, since the winding-up
of the charges of the Crimean War
the reduction of debt has gone on stead
liz from year to year In lS57-'5S the
total amount was $3.50, 900, 600; in 1863
'66, at the close Of Mr., GladstOne's most
brilliant period of financial administra-
ton, it was brought down to 1915, 0OO,-
900; in 1863 50. when the COnserva-
tiyes had held Office for three years, it
had fallen to ESO3, 900, 600; in 1924.
a greater advance had been made and
1S75-76, the process having been unin-
terrupted by the change of Governments
at f772, 900, 900. AT this point there
was turn in the tide, due mainly to the
eXigencies of foreign politics, and until
the last financial year, 18Sl-'82. the debt
never stood at so low a figure as in 1875
20. Last year it was E768, 700, 900, and
for the present year the official estimate
fixes the amount at E763, 900, 000-that
is, E76, 900 900 less than the debt as it
stood tive-and-twcnty years ago.
This is not an inconsiderable reduc-
ton, even if the character of the burden
were precisely the same as that to which
the Nation was subject at the close of
the Crimean war. But. as Mr.. Hubbard
has pointed out in one of his instructive
letters which was lately printed on this
subject, large part of the debt created
in recent years, which has diminished
the apparent net reduction, is repre-
Sented by certain valuable assets unlike
anything to be found on the right side
of the account of 1857. For exa nple,
the purchase of the rights and property
of the telegraph companies by the
State involved the creation of nearly
I'll ,000,00 worth of stock, but in ex-
change for this the Government has OBJ
tanned possession of a paying concern,
at present actually yielding profit equal
to the interest on the stock created for
this purpose, and giving fair promise of
much larger return. Again, the money
raised for the purchase of the late khe-
dives Suez Canal shares figures as
temporary increase of the debt in 1876;
but the shares, it is admitted were al
ways full value for the CA, 900, 600 which
were paid for them, and are now, if it
were eXpedient to part with them, worth
a great deal more. NJ. de Lesseps re-
minded us the other day that the origi-
nal 500-franc shares are now worth
about 200 francs each in the open
market, and though of course the shares
held by the British Government stand in
q different position from the ordinary
shares, because interest at five per cent.
is paid upon them by the Egyptian Gov
eminent, and not by the company, and
the regular coupons have been alienated
for several years to come, it is still OBJ
viouS that they share in the increase of
value due to the success of the enter
prise. Another element in the debt
which is rather apparent than real is
the amount representing ''loans recov-
cradle" which Mr.. Hubbard reckons at
over 928, 100000. The official return
shows that in the quarter of a century
the total decrease in the debt, ''not tax
ing into account the amount of debt Gre
ated for special purposes" was over
G119,000, 900 But the especial pur-
poses in question include such unpro-
ductive expenditure as that upon fortifi
cations and army locaiization, which,
however necessary and defensible, have
procured the country nothing in the
shape of a realizable and recoverable
asset. Taking, however the assets that
may be properly set eff against debt
the telegraph property, the Suez Canal
shares, and the loans to public
bodies-there is sum of not less
than 943, 900, 900 to be substracted from
the E763, 900, 600 which is the nominal
amount of the debt at the present time.
Mr.. Hubbard insists upon another point
in which, he maintains, the official
figures unfairly eXaggerate the burden
upon the community. The amount OF
the ordinary stocks is computed at par,
and certainly there seems to be no reason
for assuming that the Government will
be able to extinguish their three per
cents. below par. But besides the or
binary stocks there are the terminable
annuities, which in calculating the capital
of the debt have to be reduced to cash
value. 1t is an easy actuarial operation
to determine the cash value of the ter
minal annuities. But in the official re-
turn it is estimated as if invested in
three per cent. stock at an assumed price
of 1913. 1t is difficult to understand
why this imaginary conversion is made
at price which has no practical relation
to the present value of consols. If the
government had really to sell or buy
three per cent stock, it would have to
deal upon the basis of price ranging
within a fraction, one way or the other,
of par. Mr.. Hubbard appears to be
justified in his criticisms upon the incon-
gruity of Jumping together in the COM
putation of the aggregate debt ordinary
stocks and unfounded debt all ceckoned
as payable at par, and the capital value
of the terminable annuities supposed to
! be invested at nearly eight per cent.
| below par. If the value of the terrnin-
able annuiteS be supposed to be repre-
sented like the rest of the debt, by three
per cent. stock at par instead of at 1913 },
another deduction of over $4,000, 0OC
must be made from the total. In that
case, the actual burden of the debt will
be found to be about ELS, 900, 900, OIL
f12O, 900, 900 less than the amount ow-
ing by the State a quarter of a century
ago. London Times.
A Murderer'S Plan for Escape.
De Bosnys, the tramp who lately mar.
ried widow in Essex County. New