Morning journal and courier., 1882-09-20
Military Medicine in Europe.

vice Institute
 Of all European cities, the one in which the military element is most prominent is un- doubtedly Berlin Officers and soldiers-but especially officers-are met with everywhere, and in every possible variety of uniform, and regiments daily traverse the streets OF their
 way between the scattered barracks and the great drill and parade ground of the Tempel- hof. Just beyond the parade ground is the best permanent military hospital in the world the second Garrison Hospital of Berlin, com
 pleted about three years ago. This hospital contains five hundred beds, and is connected with all the barracks of the city by means of branch of the general s1 stem of street rail roads, or tramways, as they are called abroad. The hospital has an ambulance car, neatly
 fitted up, and by it's means patients can be brought from barracks several miles away, and quite on the other side of the city, with the least possible jarring or trouble of any kind. The buildings of brick, and the wards are on the pavilion plan-one group
 being connected with each other and with the kitchen by means of a corridor, while
 ond group consists of buildings which entirely isolated. The details of drainage,
 heating and ventilation, &c., have been most carefully worked out regardless of expense, and the results obtained excellent. One of the buildings of this hospital is large fire proof storehouse, containing a complete
 outfit for large field hospital, all ready for immediate use. It will be understood that
 this hospital of the Tempelhof Is what we
 would call depot hospital, and is unique in
 it's way. The great majority of the military
 hospitals pertain to regiments, and each regi- ment has also it's own hospital outfit for field work. On the opposite side of the city is hospital belonging to the city, and known as the Moabit Barrack Hospital This was built in the spring of 1872, and is of the cheapest possible construction, ths general plan of the
 buildings being that of our temporary hos pitfalls during the war. It consists of fifteen 11o Id h,~ H. from thirty to forty beds, and is now the l only large municipal hospital upon this plan. It forms the strongest possible contrast to the two other great city hospitals, namely, the Charlie, which is very old and badly | planned, and the Friedricksheinl, which is a model of permanent hospital, having been built under the supervision of the same arch 1 itects who planned the Tempelhof Hospital, { and upon the same general plan. Near the ! Charlie is an institution of great interest to army surgeons, namely, the Friedrich Will ! helm's Institute, better known during the first half of this century the ''Pepiniere, :" which may be roughly translated the ''di ! gesting establishment It is not, however, | material but mental food which is to be di- gested there. This institution owed it's ori- l gin to the very great difficulty which all gov | ernments in Northern and Western Europe 1 experienced about century ago in their at 1 tempt to secure an adequate supply of skilled l medical attendance for their armies This difficulty became so pressing that in Austria, | Saxony, Prussia and France it was decided to 1 establish schools whose main purpose was to l educate medical officers. The first step in | this direction taken in Prussia by the formation of the Medico- -Chirurgical College l at Berlin, which still exists under the title of
 Friedrich Wilhelm's Institute. This was con
 nected with the Charlie Hospital, and the junior army surgeons were sent there for in
 struction. The supply, however, remained | insufficient. Frederic in his Silesian
 paigns, was in great need of surgeons, and
 was obliged to bring number from France. | He also sent some of the younger Prussian 1 medical officers to Paris and Strasburg to l complete their education and to fit them l selves to instruct others. In thoss days sur- ! gery was considered to be distinct from and | subordinate to, medicine, and those destined
 to surgery were usually apprenticed to bar
 bers, and were men of an inferior class, hay ing little or no education. Finally, in 1795,
 as the result of urgent appeals from Gorcke l the Surgeon General of the Prusslan army,
 setting forth the absolute necessity of provi-
 ding better medical attendance for the troops,
 the Pepiniere was reorganized under it's pres l ent name and made to include both me6i-
 cine and surgery in it's curriculum.