davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27
PLATFORM


Or rnR NATIONAL 0axxxnAcx-L4ADoa RAna1 -
JUsE 3, 1850.
l. That the right to mske and iasue mo0syh
. sovereign power to b maintained y H. pso-
pie for the common benefit The dels9atio0
Of this right to corporations u Q surTtnder Of
the central attribute Of sovereignty, void u
constitutional sanction, confaETing upon sub
ordinate irresponsible power and absolute do
money, whether metallic o. paper, 6hCuA b
Issued and IT. volume c0ut1olled b. the Gov
eminent. and mot By Or through banking 90.
portions. and. when % iasued, should b 8
full legal tender for I'll dshtA puh1ie ~ pEi-
yate.
z That the bonds Of IL Unito6 0eA1so
should not be refunded, but pad = aptdly .
practicable. according 10 coakncG 10 enabls
The Government 70 mee3 thsss ohtga&ions,
legal-tender currency should b sub61tuted
for the notes n the national banAn, th0 ~
tionaLbanking system aboished, and 10 ~
limited coinage Of SILVER, - well . gold, -
tabIisled BY law.
3. That labor should b. - pE0essesd ~
national and State authority = o eq1Al1e n
burdens. and insure : Just digribG(30a u -
results the eight-houf law d Co0gTe0 ehC16
b enforced Tho sanitary ooadilioa u indus
trial establishments placed und0 mid control
the competition Of contract convics Abm abol-
iehed . bureau Of labor GeAf11e1eo ogeAhli1hed
factories, mines md wMknhCps inspected
the employment Of children under u ysan q
age forbidden, and wages paid n cash
1. Slavery being simply cheap hboe, anA
cheap labor being simply slavery, IL mportA-
ton and presence Of Chinese eerfs noco1eanly
bends to brutalixe and dsgrads American lAbof,
therefore immediate stspo should - tAksn =
abrUgate the Dt6fngAmo txoasy.
s. Ralroad land grants foE1Gitsd b rsaeun d
non-fuldllment Of cootract shOaA = immsdi.
ately reclaimed ~ the 00vegnnonk and henco-
forth the pubic domain rsssEvsd Exclusively =
homes for actual settlerA
8. Il = the duty d CongTs0 - regulate =,
ter-State commerce. All Inns q communities
tiOn and transportation should b brought IN
der such Legislative control = shall sscuFe mod.
er1te, sair and uniform RATES Tor passengsr and
freight trafic.
I. We denOunce - destructive - peuspaaty
and dangerous to liberty, The actaons Of the on
parties In fostering and suseaininG Rieaneil
land, railroad and money cOgpcaSio0o and NO
nopolies, invested with and exeeciaing power
belonging 20 the 0ove1nmenk and not FeGpoo
Gible to It for the manner Of thcir exeEcisa.
8 That the constitution, giving CongIeD u
power to borrow money, TO dec3aSo v1e. 70 Yaial
and support armies, 70 pe0vido and maintain
navy, never intended that the men Who loaned
their money for IN mtegost eoasid9a1aOo should
be preferred 70 The soldiaR and sailor VII
periled their lives md shod their blood On I'm
and 80 IN defense Of their country. and y,
condemn the cruel class legislation Of the Re
publican party which. While pecfeeuinR eres
gratitude to the soldier, has most uniustly dis
crlminAfed against him and n favor OF q
bondh01de4.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27
JOHN swIyTOy on LABOR.

speech ~ 49, PAtlaAespAsa Labos
Nass Neesiag.
This il nov idea. these great con-
ferenc<s u the world builders in tho
chief cities Of the country, 10 examine
the groundwork II thing~ Il i good
and strong idea. FUN Of life and hope.
II il genuine democratic idea worthy
u the American people.
II il nos with foolish andacity. but
with due regard 70 public safety and
welfare. that ~ confront these great
qnestioa.-that ve demand . hearing
from the millions against the million.
aires. Tor man against parties and 80
tAbllahments and vested privileges and
coFpofations and courts and customs
and cannons and cApital-AgAinss the
false syseem q lAndholding. the wrong
ful features q trade, Tho crushing con-
trivances II legislation and the rninous
practices q society. II II mot with NAL
Ice Or levity. but with SERIOUS mind and
purpose. that 70 approach the fnndA-
mental principles that must he properly
solved under the penalty 81 death. We
know the powers that are defying the
people-their might and insolence. We
behold their ravages and their victimA.
We can zee into what state they ars
bringing our beloved country. Il u too
grave for bitterness, TOO alarming fce
chAelatAnrv.
Tho men who do the worlds work
hare right to take mp these questions,
and they have the power 70 settle them.
This il the best feature q our demo-
cratic. republican ccnstitutiou--the one
shout which nourishes all orr cheer for
the future. To you, men Of Pennsyl-
vania, Ill power j. given over eli things
within your dominion, and ron can
fashion everything here according to
your judgment Of the proper nature u
things. Yours Is the land II the State.
Il ye do but know il yours src its mines
q coal and iron. II We do but take them
yours are Ill its swelling resources -
soon ~ We aasert your night 10 them
yours are its institutions, yours Its laws
and Legislature, il We viii l.ut lay hold
Of them. Who owns the worldg The
world belongs TO its buildess. and theirs
u the loss II they permit tue plunderers
10 seize il or the gamblers to cheat them
out Of il.
The test OF public order and welfare Is
plain and at hand. II is the condition
Of the body Of the people. What is
their life and how do they live. Do
their wages give tnem the fruition which
they earn, or even the proper means Of
livelihood Have the man Who do the
work Of the world got possession Of the
fruits Of the world. and are the circum-
stances d their life adapted 10 the Me-
scssities Of their nature?
Many things will grow in the mind ID
the man who has the pluck TO look these
broad questions in the face.
The workers must organize their pow.
ers as the first step toward securing theil
welfare. which cannot be had otherwise.
Properly organized in their unions. they
can command their ground, uphold then
rights: they can c,ntrol legislation and
make the State their hackers. withou,
organization they can do nothing, but
must continue to PROSTATE themselve.
before the arrogant spooks Of their owu
creation.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27
The Texas Land. Thieves.

There is perhaps no State in the Onion
were land. thievery has been carried on
to such an extent as in Texas Some
years ago il was reported, and it was
fsct, that in Texas alone there were more
than $4,000. 900 acres Of land which
schemers and spectators had not inter-
fered with. Independent TO the i'm.
mense realm Of land especially set
apart for educational purposes there were
said to he limitless leagues free for set
tier. But the picture has changed, and
while the struggling. voting and withal
apathetic people we're serene in their
security, the monopolists were. to use
Wall street phrase, "going long on the
The land" The railroad corporations
and other trafiickers have now cersif.
Gates for nearly every acre in the State.
There is no balance Of the public do
main in Texas worth speaking Of uncov.
cred by certificates" and other claims
which preclude the possibility of settle
ment without rent-rent Ia the land
thieves who bought the domains from a
Legislature which had no right to sell.
Cnless the principle that even Legs.
lature has no power to frister away the
peoples inheritance be recognized. mo-
nopai,sts will continue 20 swallow mp
the public domain. aud as land monop-
oily grows, poverty and, Ignorance will
necessarily grow with il.
Our exchanges tell Us that there are
lands for sale and 10 rent hy spectators
and railroad companies in nearly every
corner Of Texas, and the plundrrers who
control these lands hatier themselves
that this can continue, and tina: the
people will never realize the met that the
land is the inheritance Of all mankind.
But the 40.OD0,oo0 acres given over to
the thieves by corrupt politicians arc
still there, and are as much the property
81 the people - before the bargains and
sales took place and when the pinch
comes and the masses realize this the
parchment certificates .; dishonest men
viii avail hut little.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27

ing landlords a ireland rob their ten.
ants. Both hose their charges upon
"whAt the traffic will bear" That is, II
the Irish tenant has . few good harvcsts,
Or the price Of farm produce rises, the
landlord raises his rent and ah-orbs the
increase. In this country the railroads
baNe their freight rates upon the market
value 81 the goods q the shipper.
A Los Angeles farmer, for example,
goes 70 the Office 81 the Southern Pacific
railroad and asks what the charge will
Be for carrying or load of potatoes TO
Tucson.
"whas ars potatoes selling for herei"
the agent aaks.
FIFTY cents per 100 pounds.
"What are they selling for In Tho
son r.
1.-TWO dollars and half"
Then" says the agent, 1.-THE charge
loe carrying your potatoes there will he
O hundred"
What II this but rack renting. and
SAck renting Of tho worst kind p pir.
0iNid (Nev.) CArOnicie.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27

Jrsr - soon - any conviction Of i'm
portant truth becomes central and vital.
there comes the desire 10 utter it-a de-
sire which il immediate and Irresistible.
Sacrifice ID gladness, service il Joy, when
such nm idea becomes . commanding
power.-IngersoI
As for instance, when you mia the
nail and hit your thumb . whack with
the hammer, there comes to you con-
viction Of the important truth that there
Is good deal Of hurt in thumb, hit by
! hammer, and vonr idea to express your
feelings about the dod rotted gol darned
son Of gun Of 3 hammer becomes -
commanding power. "-7eyas .SiJlings.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27

HrMoRIxa customers. .sYes,' said o
lady customer, these are very pretty !:
but haven't you something more ex-
pensive ?" The gentlcmanly clerk took
down another package Of the same
goods, remarking briskIy: "Oh. yes.
ma'am; here is something which will
cost you dollar more per Yard, but II il
much finer, yon will notice." OF course,
she took the highest-cost piece. because
il was the highest.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27

THERE are women to-day in San Fran
cisco subsisting upon scant crusts in
blind alleys. who could step into the
empty mansions OF our new millionAires
and arrange the appointments Of room
after room of the entire house with M
artistic sense and individuality Of taste
which would put to blush the first mp
holsserer Of the city. The day il not
far distant when this will become dis
tinct calling for women. The origi-
na!ity Of conception and design mani
feste,l By women wherever their artistic
powers are allowed chance OF develop
ment yill lead to many new paths for
industrious ~usnal.hood. - San Fran
cisco Chronicle.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-04-27

The principle upon which railroad
charges are made in this country i the
SAME = that npon which ~ saak-ssnt.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25
A MAINE BOYS TRIUMPHS.
FROM LIFE IN THE BACK WOODS To RANK
As \ GREAT ARTIST.

Moncurc ID Conway's London Letter In Gin
cinnau Commercial
One of the successful artists on the
Continent just now is David Neal Of Mu-
mich. have just been looking at some
large photographs of his latest pictures,
and knowing well his colors have con-
cluded that he is among the cleverist ar
fists living. He was once poor boy in
Maine, drawing small designs to be en-
grayed in country newspapers. He made
his way to California, and was there en-
ployed for larger illustration. He man.
aged to get over to Munich, and got en-
ployed in the stained glass factory there
his designs for windows attracted the
attention Of Herr Piloty, who took
him into his studio, where he became an
admirable artist. He married the daugh-
ter of q Count 4 forget his nance who
had charge Of the Art-glass Department
and is now an important citizen of Mum
ich. One of his finest pictures is that of
Watt meditatiDg on the kettle and dis
covering the powers of steam. 1t was
exhibited in the Royal Academy in Lon
don and purchased by Sir Benjamin Phil
lips, some time Lord Mayor, for a thou
sand pounds. David Meals story has
been recalled to me across the many
years since | heard it by tidings which
have reached here of marvellous musi-
cal precocity that has appeared in Munich.
It is little son of David Meals. He is
barely nine years of age and has already
composed pieces which attracted the adj
mira,ion of Strauss Of Vienna, who is
much interested III the boy further train
ing. The lad plays with his tin soldiers
in the intervals Of performing on the pi-
ano. have heard some of his pieces,
and imagine that since the time of Mo-
Fart who had to be lifted on the piano
stool to play before the Emperor no in
stance of such precocious musical genius
has been known.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25
POULTRY ASSOCIATION.
MAINE STATE SOCIETY ORGANIZED At
SOUTH PARIs-ExHIBITIoY AT WAT
ERyILLE NEXT WINTER.

We have received from +. A. Hieskell,
esq, Secretary Of the Me. Poultry Breed
ers Association, the following statement
which will interest our fine poultry breed
crs in this vicinity:
AT a meeting of the Maine Poultry
Breeders, held during the exhibition at
South Paris, January 4th, 1882, the de-
STABILITY of creating more widespread
and jealous interest in the raising of
thoroughbred fowls throughout the State
was unanimously expressed. With this
object in view an organization was effected
under the title Of Maine Poultry Breed
ers' Association. 1t was decided to hold
a poultry exhibition at Watervilc, some
time during the next winter, at which
competition for the regular society premi
ums will be open to all exhibitors who
own The specimens shown. But the spe-
ciat object Of The organization, ri..: the
stimulation Of he breeding Of fine t'o,cls
in Maine will be kept in view by the Of
fer Of special premiums for fowls bred in
the State by the exhibitor, also of special
premiums for fowls bred by farmers of
the State To enable the society to eff
fectively carry out its purposes of creating
and sustaining more active interest in
high class fowls, and of holding a first
class exhibition next winter, with liberal
premiums, every person favorably dis
posed, whether breeder or not is earn
estly requested to become a member of
the Society by the payment of the fee of
$500 10 the Secretary, who will issue
ticket Of membership for one year, which
will be good for an admission to the exhi-
bition next winter. 1t is especially hoped
that breeders of pure blooded fowls will
use their influence with those in their local.
ity to become members and will render
all the aid they can to make the Society
prosperous and useful to the poultry in
terests of Maine.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25

SHOULD BE DoNE.-In the Senate Sat-
urday Mr.. Frye presented an amendment
to the appropriation bill adding to the
provision for the Soldiers Home at Togus
that no alcoholic or fermented liquors be
sold on the territory coded to the United
States for the said home, the sale Of which
would be violation of the laws of Maine
if no such cession had been made. He
stated that it was great trouble to the
temperance people Of Maine to know that
within their own borders liquor is sold in
open violation of the laws of Maine on
territory coded by that State to the United
States for the Soldiers Home.-Er.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25

The House being in Committee Of the
Whole on bill to reduce internal-revenue
taxes.
Mr.. DINGLEY said
Mr.. CHAIRMAN l have opposed the
the several misunderstanding from the
Democratic side to repeal or reduce the
tax on whiskey, fermented liquors, and
tobacco, for the reason that these are
taxes on luxuries. No principle Of just
and wise taxation is better settled than
that taxes should be imposed so far as
possible on Injuries, and as light as pos
sible on necessaries when this taxation
increases their cost. Luxuries may be
dispensed with, and in case of liquors
and tobacco with positive advantage, and
therefore no one pays the tax imposed
upon them unless he does so voluntarily.
But in the case Of necessaries of life any
tax that increases their cost is one from
which no one, however poor can escape.
The Federal Government is supported
by indirect taxation. About two hun
dred millions are derived from duties on
imports and one hundred and forty from
internal taxes, of which all but seventeen
millions comes from liquors and tobacco.
The bill under consideration purposes to
remove these seventeen millions. con-
cur in this proposition so far as the stamp
tax on friction matches, checks, and
medicines are concerned, amounting to
about eight millions, but should prefer
not to remove the nine millions collected
on deposits of banks and bankers; at
least until the tariff shall be revised, aud
we shall ascertain how much can be TAX
en- off in directions where it will reduce
the cost Of necessaries Of life.
If l could have my way ! would at
once reduce the duty on sugar and mo-
lasses to the extent Of the % per cent,
added in 1875 to supply deficiency in
the revenue. I would eventually reduce
it more, but this should come off at once
in order to place the duty on sugar in
the relative position which it occupied
from 1861 to 1875. The average duty
on sugar and molasses up to 1875 wa
A per cent since that time it has stoot
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25
the debt subject to call for two years and

the debt subject to call for two years and
a half.
When the Forty-sixth Congress adj
journed there were outstanding $670,-
$40, 500 of bonds, bearing S and per
cent. interest, which would be subject to
call and payment in May and June, 1881.
As no means had been provided for their
payment. the Government would be un-
der the necessity Of continuing to pay 5
and 6 per cent interest for another year
unless some arrangement could he made
to reduce the interest. This was done
by Secretary Window, and an arrange
ment entered into with the bondholders
by which they consented to the continu-
alton of their bonds at the pleasure Of
the Government at three and one-half per
cent. interest. There was an attempt to
criticise this wise and commendable ac-
ton of Secretary Window by Democratic
organs and leaders, but the almost uni
versal voice Of approval which went up
from the people soon stiAed the voice of
disapproval. BY the policy of Secretary
Window over $40, 000, 900 las saved in
annual interest and, more important
still, over S575, 900, 900 of the bonded
debt was left subject to payment at the
pleasure of this Government. 1855
As the result of this wise treatment Of
the public debt there was reduction in
the principal Of $751;, 6s4,s 1851 during the
fiscal year ending June 80, 1882, 1884,
337, 2s6 since February l, 1880, and sl,-
O7O, 776, 1858 since August 81, 1865. the
reductions of the several fiscal years being
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25
the world

1t will thus be seen that the debt Of
the United States per capita is less than
half of that of France and one-third that
Of England, and the annual interest Of
the debt Of the United States per capita
is one-third that of France and nearly
one fourth that Of England.
It is to be borne in mind that the I'm
tied States has within seventeen years
paid not only the interest and more than
81 900, 100000 Of her public debt. but
also at least $3.50, OOO, 900 of war claims
not included in the debt statement Of
1865. and more than $500, 900, 900 Of
pensions to her soldiers and sailors, the
annual pension payments being as fol-
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25

dealers therein, involving with a few
other items a reduction of about S24,-
600, 900, have been repealed, so that the
internal-revenue receipts for. the fiscal
year ending June 80, 1888, without fur
ther reduction will not exceed 81 20, O0O,-
900. With reduction of $25, 200, 900
in the customs receipts, the revenue for
the last half Of the next fiscal year will
not much exceed $3.50, 900 900, leaving
semi-annual surplus of only $50, 900, 900
to be applied to the reduction Of the
principal Of the debt.
II the proposition to abolish the tax
on tobacco and fermented liquors from
which the Government received about
S62, 000, 900 the las. fiscal year. which
proposition received the unanimous sup
port of the Democratic side of the House
and which lacked only four votes of sue
cess when the internal-revenue bill was
under consideration a few days ago,
should be carried when Congress reas-
sembles next December, it is certain that
it would sweep away nearly all if not the
whole surplus in the fiscal year ending
June 80. 1884, and large part Of it in
the fiscal year ending June 80, 1888.
am correct, therefore, in saying that
the proposed repeal of the remaining in
ternal taxes, as earnestly advocated by
so large proportion of the Democratic
side, or even the repeal Of the tax on to.
bacco, as supported by nearly all the
Democrats Of the House, would inevita-
bly, result in an indefinite postponement
of the payment Of the public debt.
Believing this, l shall earnestly oppose
every proposition of this kind, and shall
insist, with nearly every other Republi-
can member Of the House, that it is our
duty to continue to pay off the public
debt as rapidly in the future as we have
in the past.
APPENDIX.
Table showing the annual receipts OF the
Federal Government from internal revenue
and customs, and the cost Of collecting the rev.
cnuc from each source.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25
REDUCTION OF THE NATIONAL
DEBT.
REMARKS OF
HON. NELSON DINGLEY, JR.,
OF MAINE.
In THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,,
Saturday, July I, 1882.
REMARKS OF

ION the joint resolution Oh. r. No. 250)
10 authorize an issue OF bonds at q lower
rate of interest.
MR. DINGLEY said:
Mr.. Speaker; In a debate in this
Chamber on the Goth of March, 1880,
my predecessor, Representative, and now
Senator, Frye, presented in an able and
conclusive speech the wonderful success
of the financial policy adopted by the Re-
publican party to meet the gigantic ex-
penditures of the war to preserve the life
of the nation. In that speech it was
clearly shown that the success Of this
policy was due to rigid maintenance of
the pledge Of the Government made to
those persons who advanced money TO
meet the expenses of the war, by the act
of February -, 1862, in the following
terms:
The coin paid for duties on imported
goods shall be set apart as a special fund,
and shall be applied as follows:
First. To. the payment in coin OF the
interest on the bonds and notes (greeu-
backs OK the United States.
Second. To the creation OF sinking
fund sufficient To pay at least per cent.
annually of the principal of the debt.
In that speech it was also shown that
by the observance Of this pledge of the
nation TO pay the interest and principal
of the public deb, in coin. unless other
wise specifically provided for. the United
States Government, which. under the ad.
minis,ration of President Buchanan, be-
fore the breaking on; Of the civil war,
could not negotiate loan of only sl0,-
900, 900 without paying IL per cent. in
terest for half of it, was able to borrow
nearly 50, 500, 900 900 at an average of
Go per cent interest, in a time of mos,
terrible war, when the life of the nation
was at stake.
The following table will show the as
certained interest bearing and non-inter-
bearing Indebtedness of the nation,
| August 81. 1865:
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1882-07-25

1t is the Atlanta Constitution, pub
lished in the once duel-encouraging State
of Georgia, which says: q" The impetuous
Carolinians who seek to establish that
doubtful article called honor in blood
would do their country more service by
engaging in the corn-field at fifty cents
day. 1t is time to understand that bull.
let hole neither makes right wrong nor
wrong right"