The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1882-01-27

lllC i dClllC ny way Ol lnp Ndlle VI NOOu
Hope and pushed on to find the north
west passage into the Atlantic He
reached beyond the twentieth parallel of
latitude, and then sailed to the Sand
wich Islands TO winter. Upon his being
murdered at Owhyhoe, in 1879, Captain
Clarke succeeded him in command of
the expedition, and penetrated a short
Gus predecessor had done He sailed for
home in 1880. The nearness of Amer
lea to Asia had been demonstrated by
the expedition first commanded by Cooke
and afterwards 10y Clarke.
Passing over explorations made by
Scoresby, Buchan and Franklin during
the early years of the prcseLt century,
and just mentioning that Ross and Parry
reached by way of Bahin's bay and .he
North Water as far as eighty degrees
and thirty-two minutes, thus falling to
win the prizes offered Of from 81 900 to
$4,000 for the attainment from eighty
three to eighty-nire degrees, we come to
the expedition commanded by Parry
| and in which the Heca and Gripcr were
engaged. This daring voyagcr pene-
trated through Lancaster sound into
Barrow strait, but was stopped by ice
and wintered at Melville island. Frank
Inns remarkable land journey of over
$500 miles from lIudson's bay and the
Coppermine river to the northern coast of
America was made contemporaneousl
with this and both achievements added
considerably to the facts of geography.
From 1921 to 1928 inclusive, Parry
second voyage was made, his ships be-
ing the Jury and the Hecla His at
tempt was to pass the channel between
Southampton island and land towards
the north. Ice prevented the complete
success of this undertaking. The navi-
gator spent two winter in the northern
latitudes, during which only five men
died out of Is 1t was in 1927 that he
began his grand attempt to reach the
north pole by means of sledgcs An
choring the Hecla in cove on the
northern shore Of Spitzbergen, the jour
ney over the ice began on the 2lst of
June, and resulted in the greatest geo,
graphical achievement up to that date,
namely, the reaching the latitude of
eighty two degrees, forty-five minutes,
that is a distance of about 500 miles
from the pole,
The last Franklin expedition sailed
May 10, 1915, with orders to proceed to
Batlins bay, then through Lancaster
sound TO Barrow strait as far west as
the ninety-eighth degrees of longitude,
to then sail southwark and west through
Behring strait, whence, if stopped by
ice, they were to return to Barrow strait
and then proceed northward by the
channel between North Devon and Corn.
wallis island if practicable. From July
26, 1916, when the two ships of the eX-
pedition were seen to enter Ballin's bay.
nothing was heard of the expedition
until 1904. Expeditions from the Uni
ted States had gone out in search of
the missing mariners, One of these,
that under Captain Mcclure, of the In
vestigator, which left England in 1850,
having parted company with the Enter
prise, under Captain Collision. reached
the southern extremity of Banks Land
and found there a narrow strait commu
nicating with Barrow strait. The dis
covery was prosecuted by means of
sledges until, in October, 1850, til,
northwest passage was accomplished
The feat was subsequently repeated by
the same voyager at the cost OF incredi
bic hardship. He was rescued from
imminent danger in April, 1853, by the
Resolute, commanded by Captain Kel
lett, and the Intrepid, commanded by
McClintock. After spending four year,
in the Arctic regions, Mcclure reached
England, and was rewarded 100000 fol
his great discovery
The first traces e the lost Franklir
expedition were found in 1854 by DR.
Ross of the IIudson's Bay company,whC
when westward of Simpson peninsula
learned from some ESquimauX that tn
corpses of thirty persons and som'
graves had been seen by natives at tn
mouth of the great Fish river. Tire
, years later the yacht "Fox," commando
by Captain Leopold McClintock, an
the property Of Lady Franklin, followe
up the information at command, an
found traces of the lost expedition &
Point Victory and at the western ey
tremeity of King Williams Lane
Enough was learned to show that tt
brave Sir John Franklin, died on II
llth of June, 1917,
After certain expeditions made l
, Swedes and Germans, ,Captainllall, of Ci
e cinnati,in 1871, subsidised by congress
e the amount of S50,0O0, left in Il
;. "Polaris. Unfortunately the navig
/, tor died in November of the same yea
t after having reached latitude 81 degre
S and ! 6 minutes, the highest thus far,
n the way of Smith sound. The ere
J. wintered two successive seasons near Il
entrance of Smiths sound, and in Jun
d 1878, took to their boats and were /,
If cued by the whaler "Arctic,"
s The expeditions of the Austro Hung
If rian government, in 1872, under Capita
4 Weyprecht and Lieutenant Pager, sta
y ed with the determination to make t
le northwest passage by way of Nova
Sc Xemlya and the Siberian West. Il
se Tegelh off sailed July II, 1872, a
8, rounded the island She afterwar
e drifted with the ice towards the nor
Of east, and, August IA, 1878, land W
er seen, which was reached two mouths
t. terwards and named Wilczek Land.
f. March, 1874, party left the ship to
II. plore and found a whole country viii
a they named Franz Josef Land, and
IN scribed to be as large as Spitzberg
in The mariners afterwards abandoned tn
ship, We're picked up by Russian v
he sci and safely landed in Norway,
in In 1873, Captain Markham, in
ne whaler Arctic, penetrated to the Gulf
he Boothia, going beyond both Parry q
he Ross in the same direction The Al
ell and Discovery left England in 1875,
'ee der the command of Captain Mares, /,
he pushed up Smith sound to the higt
I'D latitude as yet reached, SO far as kno'