The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1882-07-30
What Has Produced the Egypt
ian Crisis.

The history OF Egypt for the last
i've hundred years Is aeeIies OF dis
solviDg views, IN which one EULER has
succeeded another rarely to hold the
reigns OF government tor more than
q short time. The people, as peo-
pie, can scarcely be said to have had
nationsl lie. Whether they were
governed by TurkiRn Pashas, or by
their own nominal sovereigns, or by
the Mamelukes, the result was the
sAme-taxsaon and plumber from
century 10 century. 10 1917 Egypt
was conquered by Sellm l. and re-
duced 70 Turkish province. For two
centuries 1t remained under the
Turks, during which 1t fell into de-
cay, as all other lands governed by
them. La the eighteenth century the
Mamelokes TeEained their ascen-
dency, and threw Of ths Turkish yoke.
Ali Bey was established on the throne;
bat alter four years be was poisoned,
ana the authority of the Sultan OF
Turkey nominaliy restored. So MAJ
ters continued until the invasion OF
Egypt by Napoleon in 1898. After
tbs Expulsion Of toe French, Mo-
hanet Ar, al Albanian adveuturer,
succeeded 10 holding the reigns OF
power until l848 During his govern
ment Egypt frat began to leel the
effects OF peace aid good order. He
established manufactures at Alexan-
drIs aad the population increased
ttniold. BE carried on q euccessful
var with the sultan OF Turkey, con-
quered Syria and q great part of Asia
Minor. He was succeeded by bis son
IbrshIm, who died after two months,
and IVES followed by his nephew Alb.
bas. who was poisoned. said PAsha
succeeded, who reigned until 1858,
when he died, and was succeeded by
Ismail who obtained from the
Sultan the title of Khedive or viceroy.
Ismsil Pasha was q man of great
ability. Under bis rul6 the Suez csnSl
was oug, and il was greatly owing to
his foresight and ability that the work
ever was completed. The object OF
his ambition was to cut Egypt free
altogether from TuEkish rule. and
this be succeeded IN doing IN all but
the name End the payment OF annual
subsldy. In the course of these de-
velopments the affairs OF Egypt be-
came more and more bound up with
western Europe. Ia the construction
OF the railway, the canals, and the
vast irrigation works Egypt created
aR enormous debt, chiefly hell by
English and French iDveetore. The
various Industries stimulated in the
country have drawn thither q large
European population. In conse-
quence OF the financial crisis which
took place, two administrators OF the
revenue, one English and the other
French, were appointed to see that
the interest on the bonds was duly
paid. This araDgeme nt also largely
increased the number of foreigners
residing in the country. Shortly sitter
Ismsil a0dicated in favor of his son.
Far inferior to his predecessor, the
present Khedive has allowed the real
power to slip out of his hands. Arab |
Bey, the fsvorite OF the army, is the
master OF the situation. An intense
hatred of the foreign element has
arisen. and B. strong desire to get rid |
Of the giaour. Egypt, theoretically, is
q province of Turkey, practically it |
is entirely independent. 10 preced.
Ing centuries the Mamelukes, ire
spective of the people. controlled the |
government, and made and unmade |
sultans at their viii. Now the army |
is for the moment the ruler CT the |
situation, and the Khedive is, in fact,
little more than prisoner in his own |
palace. Neither Europe nor America
would be very much interested in |
the gocd government OF the country |
were 1t not for tive things-the |
growth OF cotton and the Suez canal. |
Ismail stimulated this industry to |
extraordinary activity, and on
the amount of Egyptian cotton
largely depends the price OF the staple. |
In addition t. this the canal brought |
England Elk weeks nearer to her
eastern possessions. The destruction |
of this highway would seriously i'm.
pair the trade OF the world. One of |
the;last great acts of Lord Beaccns-
field was to buy up large block of
the canal stock 80 that the British |
might be represented on
the board.