davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08

THE fact that Cornelius j. Van
derbilt destroyed himself is not
surprising to those who knew any
thing about the man. There had
long been an impression that he was
mentally unsound, and the freaks he
took at times were such as indicated
tragedy at the end. 1t does not do
much good to moraliZe on such sub
iects, yet one can hardly forbear to
nouice that had Vanderbilt been
compelled to earn his living at some
work which would have kept his
mind engaged and given him no time
to dwell on the grievance that his
brother William had many millions
while he himself had only one mil
lion or so, his life would have been
longer, happier and more useful. His
case is a striking illustration of
what miserably poor thing money
is when taken by itself. Cornelius
Vanderbilt had it in abundance, but
it only made him wretched. He
lavished it on magnificent residence
in Hartford, but could not live in
the house after it was finished. He
had to keep rowing from place to
place to satisfy a mind grown morbid
and to escape the dreadful epileptlc
fits which were doubtless all the
more severe because of the life which
his wealth and leisure caused him to
live.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08

The largest meteoric stone on rec
ord is preserved at the Melbourne
Museum. 1t weighs twenty five tons
and fell in 1850.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08

A resident of Holland, who died
in 1872, was said to have smoked oy-
er four tons of tobacco in his life of
eighty years.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08

JUDGE JAMES F. PATTON, of the
Supreme Bench of this State, died
suddenly in Wheeling last week.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08

Two million tons of water, repre-
senting $4,000 horse power, are huri-
ed over Niagara every minute.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08

THE labor problem is developing
many striking phases of late.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08
A DELIBERATE LIE.

We don't like to be harsh, but
when a man wantonly, deliberately
and with malice aforethought seeks
to misrepresent us, and persists in
his efforts, the shortest way, if not
the most pleasant, to meet his false
assertions is to properly characterize
them and afford him the opportunity,
if he can, to prove his charges. Mr..
Reilly, in his last paper, makes the
following charge:
"Drunkards obstructing their (cit-
iZens) path on the public streets and
insulting ladies before the Mayors
ewes and when demonstrated with
said he was helpless to prevent It,"
We pronounce the above statement
a wanton and deliberate falsehood,
cut from the whole cloth. The
charge bears the lie on its face. If
we had seen a drunkard insult ladies
on the street, and had been remon-
strated with, we are hardly fool
enough to have remarked that we
were "helpless to prevent it," when
we knew that we could have had the
drunkard arrested and punished, and
that it was our sworn duty to have
done so. Mr.. Reilly will find his
in attempting such
game of abuse and falsifi-
cation in this community. If he is
a fool and a knave, the people are
not all such. This is our answer to
his falsehood and villification.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08
2-Story Dwelling House,

aboat SO feet long, with basement, tan
house and watts on the rear or western
side of the tot frnt trees, and every thing
else necessary 10 render this property
desirable residence and place of business
TERMS OF SALE -OLe-third in cash,
and the resideu in two equal install
ments in one and two years respectively,
with interest from the day of sale, The
purchaser to give his notes for the defer
red payments, with a lien on the property
to secure the same.
e. BOYD FAULKNER,
M. T. INGLES,
mar25-3t Special Commissioner.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08
NEW AID REFRESHMENTS.
PE-RU-NA

Is new remedy, originally compounded
and introduced to the medical profession,
and then to the public at large, by S. B.
Hartman NJ D. He has prescribed it to
over 40 900 patients with the most graft
flying results.
Its effect upon the system is entirely
unlike that of any other remedy, and is
the only medicine needed in almost every
Disease to which flesh is heir. In Con-
stipation, Diseases of the Livsr and KID
neys, MANALIN should be given with it
PERUNA is composed of purely vege-
table ingredients, each one, according to
medical authors, great remedy in itself.
Dr.. Hartman has succeeded in extracting
and combining the active principles Of
these ingredients into one simple com
pound, which perfectly comedies with the
Wis Medicatrix Natura in every disease,
and a cure necessarily follows. There is
not an organ it will not reach nor a
disease it will not cure.
Ask your drug gist for DR.. Hartman's
pamphlet on the oils of Life" DR.. S. B.
Hartman & Co, Osborn, O., proprietors.
For Piles and Pelvic Diseases, take
MAN A-LIN.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1882-04-08
Special Commissioners Sale
OF VALUABLE
PROPER i: y
IN DARK ...SVILLE.


DY VIRTUE of a decree of the Circuit
I'D Court of Berkeley counN, Wes' Vir-
ginia, rendered on the 23d day OF Janu-
airy, 1872 in the chancery suit Of r. p
Barr &c, VS.. Phoebe Il Chapman &c,
the undersigned special commissioners will
ON SATURDAY, AP IL %, 1882,
commencing At ten clock M proceed
to sell at public auction in front OF the
court house az said county, that lot or
D ,rcel OF ground in the town of Darkes-
Vile, ia said county, of which 10 eph
Chapman died seized, containing about
ONE ACRE, lying tn the west side Of the
Aartinsburg and Winchester turnpike, on
the north side of the road leading to
Arden and on the south side of Middle
creek on which is IA large double
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22
REMARKS AND CONDITIONS.

All trotting and pacing races the best three in
FIVE except the two yearod trot, unless otherwise
specified five to enter and three to start. Entrance
fee ten per cent. on purse, to accompany nomina-
ton. Purses divided at the rate of sixty per cent.
to first horse thirty per cent to second and ten per
cent. to third.
National Association Rules to govern trotting;
but the Board the right to rot heats of any
two classes alternately il necessary to finish any
days racing, trot special between heats.
To fill running races, three or more subscribers
necessary.
shall carry one hundred pounds, with the usual al
lowance for mares and geldings.
All three-yeir olds, when running in their classes,
to carry hundred and ten pounds, with the usual
allowances as above.
Those who have nominations in stakes MUST name
to the Secretary, IN WRITING, the horses they will
start on Monday on the Saturday previous and on
Wednesday, the Monday previous; and on Friday,
the Wednesday previous, by IL O'Clock N. This
rule is obvious, and must be strictly adhered to.
No added money paid for a walk
Horses entered in purses can only be drawn by
consent Of Judges.
Rules of the Pacific Coast Blood Horse Associs-
ton (0ld weights) to govern running races, except
when conditions named are o,herwi c.
All entries to be made in writing, giving name,
sex, color and marks Of horses; alse. name and
reIdence of owner. In running races, full colors to
be by rider; and drivers in trotting rIets are
respectfully requested to caps OF distinct OTIS
TO be named iu their entries their horses will be
designated upon programmes by colors worn by
drivers. This is necessary to enable spectators TO
distinguish the horses in the race.
Entries to all the above races TO close With the
Secretary on Tuesday, August l, 1882.
Write ." Entries to Races on outside OF envelope.
HUGH NJ. LARUE, President.
EDWIN F. SMITH, Secretary. jyl5 4p2w
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22
THE FASHIONS.

A brunette may wear a sateen with a
maize ground, approaching white In its
pallor, and if her skin be very dark and a
little sallow she will find that collar of
deep reddish orange, or handkerchief OF
that tint loosely kuotted around her throat,
will impart a gypsy-like brillisncy to her
coloring and picturesqueness to her whole
appearance.
There is fancy for immense spots on
light. colored NANTES. Some are woven, as
in the case OF scarlet wheels about the size
of crown piece, on fawn cloth, and others
are simulated by machine stitching, like
the huge bronze spots of grayish-g green
cloak. Revers of plain silk, Irvine fIinges
and cordelieres are the usual scoompani-
ment of such garments.
Fichus show several novelties, foremost
among them being the bran colored net
ting enhanced by ends of brown, green, or
dark blue lace. Again, folds in delicate
blue Grape, relieved by drst-colored lace,
and secured on the chest by pearl buckles,
The new Panama tichus OF thin lace, either
of white or ecru, are charming to Irvine
round the shoulders and fasten with e
cluster OF roses.
The new fashion in Paris, that of wear
ing black Undertaking, has become the
Juror among the women of the highest arts
tocrscy. The undergarments, like those of
the Eastern dialogues, are composed usu-
ally of silk. generally OF what is called
foulard des Indies From head to foot the
Parisian lady appears, when Invested of
the outer robe, as just emerging from an
ink hath-the stockings of black elk, the
slippers of black velvet, the corsets of
black satin, and adorned with black lace,
and the petticoats of black surah, filed
around the bottom with stiff mousse Of
black Illusion or net.
Tennis dresses are very pretty this sum.
mer, and men will have more cause than
ever to wonder how women and girls can
manage to run aud fly about az they dc
With their waists so frightened In. The
prevalence Of belts is one cause OF the con
tinued mischief. There is a popularity
about these that everybody must have
noticed. There is never hole quite in the
right place. One is too tight and the next
too loose. Where is the girl who prefers
the loose onef She is the exception to the
rule. for nineteen out Of every twenty will
drag the buckle into the tight hole, even
# they squeezs themselves into an almoss
bresthleas condition II so doing.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22

years of u per cent. Ia Missouri the mum mum
Der of oxen decreased between 1870 and 1880,
Sc per cent, while in Ohio the decrease Tor
the same period was 60 per cent. In the
States where large lumber interests are
found, there oxen have been es.sd retained med
nse on he farm. In Maine there are reported
in 1850, 43 O49; in Michigan, 49, 39S in
Minnesota, &c. 344; and in Wisconsin, % 162
While oxen have decreased % per cent. in
the whole country, mich cows have in the
same period, ten years, increased 80 per cent.
II i. probable that beside the fact that the
horse is found the batter animal with which
to cultivate the soil in a country cleared Of
its timber, the price of beef has had some in
fuence in changing the OK for the horse as
work animal on the farm. When the horse
is better adapted to the farm as an animal Of
all work, he will do for the pillow, for the
freight wagon, the family carriage and the
buggy, and these latter have come into use
by farmers within the ten years last past
much more rapidly than at any former like
period.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22
Imports Of wheat Into the United King
dom

From the Grain Rertep we take the follow
ing tabular statement of the wheat imported
into the United Kingdom of Great Britain
during the month of May, 1882. We call
attention to the comparative large amount
received from the Pacific coast, being more
than one-fourth the entire amount imported
during that month. We also suggest that
this large amount from the Pacific coast so
late in the harvest year is probably caused by
the longer passage our wheat has to make
and the longer time consumed in that pas
sage. From this showing it may be seen, to
some extent, the disadvantage we have been
laboripg under in marketing our wheat, be-
hind all other whsat-exporting countries, In
time, and of course with large freight and
insurance bill to pay. With shorter route
and quicker passage we can, to great ex-
tent, do away with these last-named disad'
vantages, and, we hope, also a share of the
first extra freight.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22

STORM CARRIED SALT.-Some facts OF
interest to arboriculturists generally near
salt water have been observed by DR..
Hooker at Cirencester, England, during the
last fifteen years. The amount of salt car
ried from the sea by the autumnal gales
and deposited after rain varied from five
to seven grains per gallon, while the ordi-
nary amount was only B OF a grain. The
average winter quantity was but slightly
in excess Of the summer average. At Oak.
ley Park one side of the trees was severely
injured after southwest tempest, and If
NO rain fell for few days after the gale
the salt sparkled on the trees even at a
distance OF thirty-five miles from the sea.
The salt acted in sbstracting the moisture
from the leaf cells and formed a condensed
solution, so that the leaf became completely
dried mp, and consequently persisted. AS
has been remarked by Sir j. D. Hooker,
the celebrated Dalton was the first to note
a like phenomenon at the beginning of this
century. Some trees resist the influence
of the storm. carried salt better.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22
AGRICULTURAL.
MATTER PREPARED SPECIALLY FOB
THE RECORD UNION"
Crop Reports-sheep in California
OK as a Work Animal-Im
ports Of Wheat.

We have in California no system of obtain
ing in advance reports of crops. This is one
of the greatest needs Of the agricultural inter
ests of the State. The producer here has to
20 It blind, and take his chances as on gam
bling table, with 8 percentage generally
against him. Our Legislature has always
been too much engaged in other directions 10
have its attention attracted to the interests oil
agriculture. Il has, it is true, authorized the
Surveyor General to furnish Assessors with
blanks on which to collect and return stats
tics of crops one year prior to the current
wear; that is to say, in 1882 the Assessors
ara to return the product of 1881, and the
Surveyor General is to embody these in sta
tistical tables in his report to the Governor
In 1852 There il not an Assessor of any in
telligence in the State that does not see at
glance that these items coming as they do
wear after the harvest of the crops, can
be of but little practical value,
even if correctly and fully collected.
Hence there is not an Assessor in the State
that feels any interest in their collection and
return. But this is not all the law provides
no pay for the extra work of the Assessors,
and hence they have no inducement to do the
work properly, and they do not. The defec-
tive and meager reports published annually
at the cost of the State are, therefore, not
only of no practical value to anyone, but
they are an actual damage to the best inter-
ests of the State They are put before the
public in an official manner, and, therefore,
a 70
ness, of the State, and sre,f0r this reason cal
culsted to mislead wherever their character is
not well understood Statistics Of preduc-
ton, to be of value for commercial refer
ence, should have the quality of correct
ness and reliability, and to be of
any value to the producers, should
include the appearance and promise
of the crops in advance. The statistics
collected in this State have neither of these
characteristics and hence are of no value to
any class Of our citizsns, and are calculated
to mislead wherever circulated outside the
State. If there is any one subject upon
which legislation is needed at the next
session of our Legislature. it is
this subject of statistics of production. The
national census, taken once in ten years, be-
comes a valuable record for reference as to
the past, but it is Of no value to the farmer
in calculating upon the demand and supply Of
a single article produced on the farm. In
the absence of statistics of growing crops the
business Of farming is, to great extent, a
matter of alternate over products and
low, unremunerative prices, and scant
production and high prices The result
is alternate loss to the producer, and hard
times to the lsborirg consumer. To avoid
these alternate disadvantages to the citizen is
one of the highest and plainest duties of a
government.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22
Sheen In California.

According to the last census report Cali
fornia leads all the other States in the mum.
Der of sheep owned within her borders. The
number of sheep credited to our State is
4.152, $40, while the whole number of sheep
in the United States is s. 191, Csc, giving to
California little less than one ninth of all
the sheep in the whole country. Consider
ing that but very few farmers have intro
duced the sheep on to their farms as part
of the stock on the same, we make very
good showing in numbers. If there is any
defsc. in the California system of general
farming this lack of sheep on the farm is one
of them. The number of sheep in the State
could be increased so per cent. without in
cressing the number in the present fiocks,
and without curtailing the feed on the ranges
occupied by these f)cks. We have no doubt
that the grain farmers burn straw enough
every year to winter in good condition half
az many sneep as are now owned in the State.
The summer-fallows that now go with tut
being fed off during the summer months would
go long way towards keeping this number
of sheep in condition during the summer,
waste in straw and feed an amount repre-
seHtiug nearly half the annual profits on
sheep in the State. In other words, il the
general grain farmers would introduce sheep
on their farms. as the farmers Of New York,
Ohio, Illinois and ether farming States of the
Mississippi valley and Atlantic slope have
done, the number Of sheep in the State could
be increased so per cent. with but very
little additional cost for keeping. and the net
~. II & ooh rn-,lA ko
nearly doubled. OF all classes Of stock,
sheep are the easiest fad from the waste
growth of the farm. No other domestic
animal is 50 emphaticallY a weed destroyer as
the Sheep and no other can bs so easily
worked in with grain raising. None CO mes
so handy in the way of supplying the table
of the farmer at all seasons Of the year with
fresh meat The straw that is burned annu-
ally in the State, if turned into wool and
mutton, would add no uncomfortable Gum to
the aggregate of our agricultural incomes.
For general farm use it may be that the long
and medium wooded sheep would be prefer
able to the pure merinos. The pure South
downs and their crosses are preferred on the
farms in the Atlantic States and England on
account of the earlier maturity and natural
fatting qualities of the lambs. Under the
present sy stem Of sheep keeping in the State
exclusively 10 large bands on extensive sheep
ranges, we have annually time in the spring
of the year when mutton is poor and high
priced. In fact, we have no early lambs, or
comparatively none, in our markets; but at
the time when the Euglish people and the
people of the Eastern States are enjoying
their fresh, fat lamb and mint sauce. we are
eating poor and tough mutton. There is
money in sheep on the old farm plan for the
farmers that will introduce this plan and fol-
low it up Systematically. Good fat lambs in
April, May and June would sell for more
than ola mutton sheep bring now at that
time of the year.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22

THE PRICKLY PBAR-The prickly pear,
that ugly, heshy little cactus, with Its sud
den summer glories of crimson and golden
blossoms, fulfills strange purpose IN the
animal economy of the Western prairies.
In itself it appears TO be one of the veriest
outcssts among vegetables execrated by
man and refused as food by beast. Yet,
If it were not for this plant the herds of
prairie antelope would have Jared badly
'n1ugh, for tire antelopes, whenever they
found emse!ves in straits from wolves or
from =. made straight for the prickIy
pear g. a"e- and there, standing right out
on he -, open plain, defied their
swift b. .ier-footed pursuers to come
near t., It. tor the email, thick pads of the
cactus, though they lie go fat and insignif
csnsly upon the ground, are studded with
tufts of strong, fierce spines, and woe to
the wolf or dog that treads upon them. The
antelope's hoofs, however, are proof against
the spines, and leap across the belt
suffices to place the horned folk in safety.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22

THE XYLoPHonR-Th history OF music
has never gwen US a more ravishingly Sc
ductive instrument than the xylophone. It
is natures own melody. Talk about the
curfew bell. or the MARBLE OF the bobolink,
or the ripple OF mountai. streams if you
please, but the musical washboard known
as the xylophone scoops them all. Make a
picket fence with pickets Of different
lengths, and pound on it with stick OF
stove-wood, and you have the xylophons.
II is cheaper than the piano, and can yield
almost as much divine racket. Its within
the reach of all, and yet it is wonderfully
soothing to the ear. The xylophone in APP
pearauce resembles corduroy bridge, and
in sound resembles the song Of the male
Guinea hen as he COOS TO his mate Boom
erang.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1882-07-22
The OK as a Work Animal.

Fifty years ago the OK was in use as work
animal throughout all the then Northern and
Western States on almost every farm. Very
few farmers but had one yoke of oxen and
very many had not less than two and three
yoke. The OK was an indispensable accom-
paniment in the settlement and clearing up
of the new States, and remained on the farm
as necessary assistant 10 blowing and Guilt
waiting new and s.umpy land. Farmers then
WED with each other in breaking their lsteeTs
to be experts in logging and in blowing around
stumps il the half cleared wheat-6elds
Oxen were much cheaper, and where q
farmer could not afford to keep both oxen
and horses, the OK team was preferred to the
horse team. In the bsokwoods of the West
ern States a horse team on farm was very
seldom found. Oxen were used on the road
for short distances almost universally among
the farmers Of those days, and great pride
was taken is getting together matched teams
of steers, and in breaking them to travel off
briskiy on the road before wagon or sleigh.
As the country has been settled and cleared
up the use Of oxen on the farm has become
gradually less common, untll now horses and
nules have very generally superseded them,
except in heavily wooded new distric Of the
Far West By study of the late nal ma
enumeration Of domestic animals by the
Census Bureau, we may see how rapidly tn
OK is going cut Of use. In 1870 the whole
number Of oxen rep rted in the United
States was 1325. zoo, while in 1880
the numbsr reported was but 99S go or a
decrease Of % per cent. Sibce the war the
same authority reveals the fact that while
oxen are decreasing ia the whole country and
particularly in the Western Rrain-raising
States, they are increasing ia the Southern
ott1u-raisiug States. Alabama, for Instance,
ia reported TO have rs 534. an increase over
the number reported in 1870 Of % per cent 4,
while Illinois, in 1880, had but 3, SAG. being
decrease in ten years Of SO per cent. Mis,is-
sipDi. IN 1880 c1ntsined 81 705. being a de-
crease since 1870 Of 6 p5r cent, while Indiana
hai but 1870. showing c decrease IL she sen