The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1882-05-28

cant words from Holland,
Among tho words which Mr.. Skeat classi-
fies as Old Low German and thinks
we're probably borrowed from the Mother
lands Mt an early period. may BIO cited
tho following; Botch. bounce. boy, bulk,
bully bumbebce. cough. curl, dog duck. 6atter.
founder. fob. girl. hawk lack. lash. loll luck.
mud. nag. notch, pamper. patch. peer, pry.
queer. rabble. rail. scalp. scofI. scold, shock.
slender slight. shadow, spool. sprout, tallow.
and tub. Mr.. Sleoat assures us that
none OF these are to DO found in
Anglo-Saxon. 1t is worth noting that
we also have obtained from Old Low Ger
man. at second hand through the French.
such words IA antler. border brick. broider.
choice. dart fudge. fur. garment, garnish. gar
rison. cruel. guile. hamlet. heinous. jangle.
lampoon, massacre. muille. staple, stout sup
per, and wafer. From old Dutch a form of
the language not at present spoken in Holland.
We get deck. frkin. hcgshoad. holden hoist.
huckster. lop. mite. and rabble, and from old
Flemish gallop. OF course the words cambria
and spa come directly from the names OF towns
in Flanders or Belgium. To Dutch proper,
meaning the language still spoken in Hol-
land our Indebtedness is considerable.
many OF the words used In commerce and
manufactures being drawn from that source.
Such are tho words anchor. ballast caboose.
hold lighter. marline. reef. skipper. sloop.
smack. splice. strand. yacht, yaw. From the
Dutch also come the words bunderbuss.
brandy. buskin. deli. easel, gas. groove, hol-
land holster isinglass. ierkin. knapsack.
landscape ledger. linstock. lltmus. pad, sell
wage, snaflle snuff. snip. stipple. stove. suffer.
toy trick. trigger wagon. and wainscOt. We
get tattoo also from the Dutch and from the
same source through the French. the words
clique and drug. On tho other hand.
the number of words borrowed directly
from High German lie. as we have said.
very small. The list collected by Mr..
Skeat contains but twenty-five words. OF
which the best known are plumber. swinder.
waltz, zinc landau. mcerschaum. poodle. and
Dutch From Old High German we seem to
have 20. directly but one word. viz, buss. but
indirectly through two media, we obtained the
word veneer. and through French We have
derived from Old High German about hun
dred words. most of which were probably
brought to Gaul BY the Frankish conluerors.
Among these some Of the most familiar are
arrange. await. ball. ballot boot. bottle freight.
furnish. garb. garden. guarantee. mail. mush
room. partisan, perform. rob. scorn. seize. spy
stallion. standard warrant.
Mr.. Skeat considers the tracing Of a Celtic
perry subject to deal with. owing to the want Of
definite Information regarding the older forms
Of tho Celtic tongues. OF course Celtic" is
merely general term. which in itself like
"Teutonic" or Romance" means nothing
definite. To prove that word is Celtic you
must first show that the word is borrowed from
one OF the Celtic languages, as Irish, Gallo,
Cornish Welsh, or Breton. or that II is of
form which by the help Of these languages
can be fairly presumed TO have eX-
listed in the Celtic OF an earlier period.
You encounter difficulty also in the
fact that Welsh Irish Cornish. and Gallo have
all borrowed English words at various periods.
that the Breton has largo infusion of Old
French. and that the Gaelic has derived some
thing from the Scandinavian. Some solid nd
vance. however may I've made by comparing all
the languages Of this class together and in
quirinR whether a given word is common to
them all-and again by comparing them with
Latin Crock Sanscrit. and so forth. since the
Celtic consonants often agree with these. and.
at the same time. differ from Teutonic Dir.
Skeat enumerates more than hundred and
fifty words borrowed by us directly from
Celtic languages. besides some siXty de-
rived from Celtic tongues through the
French or other European tongues. Among
the words taken directly from Celtic forms
may be mentioned babe. bad. bald. boast. braG
brat. brawl. brisk. bug. cabin. coax. cudgel.
cut darn drudge drob earnest fun gag
Glib gull. lob kick knaye lad lass merry
mirth net ponv. hotter. pour. mt, stab. As
might be expected, We find the superior civiIi-
cation Of the Homanized pritons TO the Tcu-
tonic invaders disclosed by the derivation of
certain words relating TO :he arts and conyc-
miences Of life from old Celtic or Welsh forms.
Among such indications we may draw at,.n-
ton to the words barrow. basket. hnwble. bod
kin. bucket. cart. clock. cobbc. cradle, gown.
gun. knick- knack mattock mug. billion. nos
set pudding. r.bbonel. skein. flannel. Nimsy.
funnel methezlip
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