Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1882-10-26

thoroughly; they VIII WelSn nllie nuHuTel
pounds; take again two hundred pounds O
acid phosphate and one hundred pounds kainit
mix, and spread over the seed, begin on th'
manure and keep on in this way, building III
your heap layer by layer until you get it a.
high as convenient, then cover with six lnche!
of rich earth from fence corners, and leave al
least six weeks; when ready to haul to tht
field cut with spade or pickax square dowr
and mix as thoroughly as possible. Now, W.
have thirty bushels of manure weighing 9O(
pounds, and three hundred pounds chemicals
in the first layer, and thirty bushels cottor
seed, weighing nine hundred pounds, and three
hundred pounds of chemicals in the secont
layer, and these two layers combined for the
perfect compost. You perceive that the weigh,
is 2,400 pounds. Value is
bushels cotton seed, 123 3cts....".".""...w.$3 u
100 pounds acid phosphate .:.. 81
200 pounds kanit ....."..... Al
Stable manure :lOminal ........-.,-- -
Total. taI.......... 80 g.
Or for 2, 400 pounds total value of $3.50
This mixture makes particularly perfect ma
nure for cotton and splendid application fol
corn.'
"This restores to the soil everything the
cotton took from it %
Except silica, which is in the soil in mex
larger quantity of these than the cotton
took out, your soil is evidently richer"
'You do not believe in commercial fertili.
zers 20
s'In certain respect. There are many fer
tilizers that are made with view to SNOWY
results that really parch and impoverish the
land, besides taking all the farmers cash.
do not believe in them. But the chemicals
that are prepared for composing are very re-
liable, and we could not do without them.
The secret of success is buying these chemi-
Gals judiciously and composing with leaves,
humus, cotton seed, etc. No farmer can sue
ceed permanently without composing. The
greatest waste in the South is with stable ma
nure. Many farmers never think of saving it.
In Ohio the compost raised on one 55-acre
farm, from ten head of horses and thirty head
of cattle in one year, was estimated by the
State chemist at 50, $50, and scattered 10000
pounds to the acre, made net profit of S3OO
an acre.
''Another thing is that our farmers do not
appreciate cotton seed. That comes nearer to
being perfect fertilizer than any one thing in
the world. And yet over 10O, 900 bushels was
sold at my depot but for a tritle and hauled
away"
''You do not believe in cotton seed mills
then 20
Eyes, I do. I think the seed is just as
good fertilizer after the oil is extracted as
before. The trouble is when it is sent to the
oil mill it never comes back. Once made into
cotton meal it is sent to England for stock
food and the Georgia farm is robbed of it.
''You see the English or Northern farmer
cause he feeds it to his stock, and then saves
the dropping of the stock. In this way he
fattens his cattle with it and still uses it as a
manure after it has performed this function.
We do not reach the economy because we
haven't the stock to feed it to and because We
do not save the manure of the stock we do
feed. The ideal system would be to take the
seed to an oil mill, sell the right to the oil,
have the pressed cake returned feed it to
stock, and then return it to the soil in the
shape of dropping from the animal. This will
come in time. 1t is one of the results of the
intensive system of farming. The more ma
nure we need for compost, the more sheep and
cattle We'll need. The more stock we have
the more cotton seed cake we'll need. The
more cotton seed cake we feed to stock at
home the richer our lands will be. We waste
millions of dollars annually from the failure to
pen our stock at night. There is no excuse
for any Georgian staying poor or starving his
land.
"With his cotton seed and stable manure
saved and cOmposted with decayed leaves, fine
straw, etc., any farmer can become rich if he
wants to and double the value of his land in
three years."
GLOW much compost should be used to the
acre %
'It is hard to use too much. In France the
average is 20 600 pounds to the acre. A GeOr-
gia farmer will hardly average 100 pounds to
the acre. I will average 10000 pounds next
year. Nothing pays so wel'.'
'How do you scatter so much to the acre %
simplest thing in the world. start two
horse wagon through the field. | put eight
negroes with half bushel baskets without han
dies, under their arms in the track of each
wagon. They sift the compost out of the bas-
ket as they walk along, and have their baskets
filled from the wagon. have changed the po-
sition of my cotton rows four inches to the
right every year, so that the compost would be
thrown in new strips every year. In this way
have fertiized my whole field, instead of en-
riching the same rows year afteryear. shall
hereafter broadcast it,"
"Your whole secret then is cheap and intel
ligent manure, and plenty Of it 20
Eyes. I've shown you the money profit in
gives to land. There are many other advan-
less danger I made last year-mark this
forty-seven bales on sixty-fve acres in three
months and five days. 1t was planted June
5th and the caterpillar finished it on September
10th. showed the agricultural society a stalk
five feet high with 126 bolls by actual count on
it, The seed from which this plant grew was
planted just fifty-nine days before. Cotton
grown this way can be picked with half the
cost and time of ordinary cotton. On my cot
ton land this year / raised one hundred BUSH
els of oats to the acre, and after cleaning off
the stubble planted the cotton, one stalk of
which showed the cOnventiOn.''
''Of course, in your five years of study you
have discovered other improvements in cotton
planting %
''Certainly. One is not to drop the cotton
seed in a continuous row, but simply put few
seed in the hill where you want a plant by
strewing the seed in sprinkled row there is a
great waste. A cotton seed is like an egg.
When the chick is born there is nothing but
the shell left. When the seed has sprOuted
there is nothing but the shell left. The fertil-
izer power of the seed is lost. Worse than
this 1t draws from the soil for the elements
that make it grow. 1t is left to deplete the
soil in this way for two weeks at least, and is
then chopped down, leaving only one out of
twenty plants to grow to fruitage. My plan
is to plant four or five seed in hill. The
hills to stand in rour feet squares. OF these |
would let two plants to the hill grow to per-
fectiOn 1t takes from two to four bushels OF
seed to plant an acre in the old way. BY my
plan a peck to the acre is enough, and the soil
is not drawn to support a multitude of surplus
plants for two or three weeks. -
''Is planting in four foot squares better than
the old way -
:'Yes, cotton is sun plant and needs room
for it's roots. When cramped to II or ID inch