The examiner., 1882-04-01

than to have 1t as an extra feed Once 8
 week or at longer intervals. A farmer
 of we'll informed ways always feeds salt
 with each. ration of meal summer and
 winter, whether fed once or twice Tel
 day, of course giving but sprinkline
 of salt with the meal. If grain is not
 fed the salt may be mixed with sulphur,
 the two combined being one of the
 great"remedial agents for the proven
 tion of vermin, besides it is good
 promoter of digestion and pure blood,
 two elements of success in feeding
 cattle Cle0elond Herald,
 Pruning for Fruit.
 By arresting or removing the little faults of his children as soon as they are shown, the wise father prevents their attaining such inveteracy as will not submit to correction, but bursts out immediately with fresh mis- deeds. So with orchard trees. It is great mistake to let growth run on without restraint for two or three years, and to suppose that a pruning then will set all to rights. The fundamental rule of the art is to take away all young shoots that are not fitted to make per- manent bearing branches. Remove eAOSOs tA0 oOOACE uuO D6bl6Te DuU T0~ move no others. Out out and suppress all wild shoots that issue below the graft, and whose growth would rob or smother it. Out out all shoots in the
 interior of the trees that will not have fight enough in summer for the leaves of any fruitbuds that might form on them, and which could therefore not mature into fruitage. Thin the  so that no shoot will shade left being such as extend the main bearing branches which gardeners call "leaders." Often 8 crowding branch can be propped or braced out into open light, and so two branches be relieved with little or DO pruning of either with gain of large fruit-producing area. One other case must be noted-that of a tree exhaus ted so much as to be covered with fruit buds and making no new shoots. A tree in health should make new shoots every year all over the top, and at least eight inches long. If 1t does less, the soil is poor,- or the roots are robbed or dried, or the stem is in jured and cannot carry the sap, or the wood of the top has become unsound. The thing to be done then is to cut back the top, reducing it largely, to give the exhausted system less to do and more chance to recover. The vexed question of even and odd years, or fruitful and barren ones in alteration, which is so important to growers of Baldwins, Greetings and some other winter sorts. is solved most easily by 8 resolute thinning in the winter preced- ing the frui' ful years, SO as to reduce the bearing and increase the wood and bud fo ming f,.r the next ear.-Shctah, iH NssO Fork Tribune.
 Poultry Notes.
 It is generally conceded by the majority of poultry breeders that a meat diet is essential during cold weather, when worms, bugs and insects are not to be found by the birds. But though considered necessary to atone for the lost insect food, it should be used sparingly and not fed too often to young fowls.
 In winter and early spring, to keep up egg production, the fowls must have something to work on. The best way to supply them, if there is not enough of waste meat scraps from the breeders table to meet the required demand, is to get scraps from the butcher or slaughter house. The waste meat, offal and the bloody pieces which are un- salable, can be bought for a cent CT two pound. -s al
 The poultry keeper who takes advan- tage of all the little aids to successful poultry kee ping will always see that the drinking water is not only renewed in cold weather, as we'll as in the sum- mer, but that the water in the winter is warmed before it is given to the fowls. It is not necessary to set forth the why and the wherefore of the benefit of warming the drinking water. Set it down for fact that warm water is bet ter than cold for poultry in the winter, and act accordingly.
 Condiments and stimulants are not approved of by many breeders, but we must remember that birds feeding on nuts, insects, berries, etc., in a wild state, require no condiments of any kind, yet domesticated fowls need little spice in their diet. Red pepper is healthy seasoning for the regular diet, as it is harmless tonic, warm and stimulating. Do not be afraid to put 8 liberal dash of it in tho morning meal for the fowls. It will do them good, and the cost is trifing.
 Feeding-troughs for poultry, properly constructed, ought to be generally sub stituted for the wasteful practice of feeding from the ground. The 1" req sons why" are obvious. Where there is a scramble for the food that is thrown helter-skelter, the weak are by the strong from getting khair share TntiI the latter are satisfied, and the food is trampled into the dirt. It is no advantage to fowls to eat sand, l dirt or gravel mixed with their food. 1 The gravel and other indigestible sub- stances necessary to the proper tritura- ton of their food in the gizzard can be given separately, and should be. Al simple trough may be made, defended by slats placed vertically or on a con- venient angle, with spaces sufficient for the passage of the head, thus prevent az the trampling and soiling of the ]