The sun., 1882-06-18
WHO WILL RULE RUSSIA
The CInr Afraid 60 Touch tho sceptre Of his
Fathcr-The Aims Of Metropolitan N aka
rY-The AMRkcnInR Of the reopIc.

C2arism is dead in Russa He who is now
called Car Is merely an imperial oxilc. n pal
acc prisoner. an autocraIic outlaw. distorted
shadow OF Ivan tho Terrible and Peter the
Great; in short, he is anything but AN Autocrat
Of All tho Russias. Even tho late Car dropped
tho reins of State toward the end of his life
and tho horses were let loose Being too weak
to wlold his scoptre himself. in order to save
his lifo and his imperial chariot. he turned It
over repeatedly to this or that substitute. But
1t was al in vain; the horses had run mad the
chariot was overturned and wrecked. the auto-
crat was trampled down and killed. and the
imperial crown. the imperial globe, and the i'm
peral sceptre. stained with imperial blood, fell
to tho ground. And there. in the dust. they still
lie. forsaken, though not forgotten. Alexander
Aexandrovitch. the man who is now called
Car. would not for all the treasures Of the world
touch tho imperial globe. He trembles at the
sight OF the imperial crown like culprit look
ing upon the hangman's hood. He dares no
more to put his finger upon the sceptre than
II 1t were an electric conductor attached to a
mine OF dynamite.
But All the Russias cannot remain long in
kind of goyernment. Who is 's Going 't to rule rule
thcmY That is the question Of to-day. Russia
has entered into new phase Of development;
her autocratic State system Is undergoing the
process OF dissolution, and at the same time
there is going on u new process. ithat Of differ
In the history OF Russia. which counts al
ready over ten centuries. there have been times
conmand comm md 9th OF the arr army. While the icsislatvo
and judicial functions were vested in the
peoples fenr9Rsontniyes TAere have been
independent princedoms-the appapage sys-
tcm-and when some Of those princedoms were
Pskoir. Viatka, Little Russia. and the Land OF
the Don Cossacks. There have been times
%hsn d the free sasanry h
called " customary law, There was time
when the clergy were the only literate and
preached. but taught in the schools and wrote
all the State documents and when some Of the
zemsky Sober, or National Assembly. dictated
s Rpa ans he@ dersS TeI ss ss'sss isa
arch, and Of the National Assembly, were all
of All the Russias. In modern history no coun-
try Of Europe or Asia has presented such a
Wsh 70 n o
turn back to ancient history, and among tho
Roman Emperors we shall find some, proto-
types OF the Russian autocrats. Ivan the Ter
rible robbed and murdered on the highways
like Nero. and the diotic, Paul /. raved like
Caliguip. There was very little difference be-
II it be adm ltted that in the course OF Russian
ss this sen
OF power. yet those circumstances long ago
ceased to exist, and C&zarisn & left WITHOUT h It's
Nihilists appeared Oh the scene only to deal it
Lately a significant change has taken place
in the minds Of the Russians. Now they talk
not Of the annihilation Of the Nihilsts. but of
the dsbntegration Of the Cars s
tire" q Russian priest ,whiSpcred TO me. " then
somebody else viii do it. Ne We hope that Metro
properly belongs to the Church"
:, From the, Introduction Of Christianity into
Constantinoplo by the Turks in 1453. the Rus
sian Church though indepenpbenti pSi OF the STATE &
i8 70 ans %t
tho head Of the Church was the Russian Patri-
arch, Peter the Great, being tired Of the ,onpo-
archqtc, and Instituted the Holy, Synod, or As;
scmbly OF Bishops. Afterward the Holy Synod
became a mere bureau, one of the, many thou
machinery. and in that capacity the Synod still
issues every order in tho name of the Gar,
Metropotans % oi T st. Petersburg. Moscow S and
Kielr 2 number of provincial Bl5h9ps who A.
fse fRs hf fRS rsSs Of h
Synod and rules the holy fathers as we'll AS the
Church OF Russia Now as the Gar cannot
stitute there. MIR. ,PobcdomostrciI. is orthodox.
Makary. Metropolitan Of Moscow. has become
the head OF both the synod and the Church.
Makary is very ambitious and learned man.
and his works. -" DoGmatical Theology" and
the = History Of the Rnssigp Church, arc very
mont hs ago in a letter warned the Car that the
people might forget OF him # he continued to
adsd aS rss qUeG Sc From pGpunTg Of that MsfS
poiitan and to the disgrace of the Car, who, not
having courage enough to act according to the
advice OF Makary at the same time did not
daro to dismiss the Bishop. thing that was
done; rocsntiy SySa by petty Prince Milan Of
The question of the freedom Of the press is
one OF paramount importance in the opinion Of
the e nf bd "a @ m
| proved true to the traditional hatred Of the
Cars for everything that Is printed Presently
Vicar Bshop Ambro$y D 10 deliver S' two %G'g" pubc lie
lectures on the Freedom OF tho press from the
standpoint of the orthodox Christian Church.
rms Is unprecedented in the history OF the
Russian Church Heretofore no Russian Bishop
othor place than the church. But Ambrosy do
liyered his lectures in tho Moscow City Hall.
lust the opposite to that hold by the Russian
Government. AT first Moscow was thunder
came 70 the conclusion that Bishop Ambrosy
being the vicar of Makary himself, could not be
wrong. Then. again, though not in the church,
support by the Sculptures. lie said that God
created man free free to choose either right or
wrong; that for mans guidance God gave him
the Divine Scriptures. and yet God did not or
der man to follow bindly even those
SGcriipturcsS; for lie said, by. the mouth
II,
therefore, came to the conclusion that the free
dom OF the press is u right thing before God,
but that that freedom must he liWitud by our
duties TOWARD bur nG.enbors and God Tho
i9cluf", of Anh!u-y wore n great success and
! siakary ordered that they be published III II
pamphlet which is now in great dCmand
| here. So Nlnkary won another victory. Yet he
| wont further
| several elaborate articles on the relations Of
the Church TO the State signed " Iy. r." which
arc brlloved 70 be the production Of the pen ti
power t9 forbid the ""...ishinG .! tnosc articles
II ne dld no. -rproyc them. Tho writer OF the
! uE"''''.'.1 comes TO this cOncuSon:
! Tne Church Is indepcn lent spiritual organism
| in the state, and 1t must not he directed
| like the different departments of the stat,
Government for it can live aud develop only Rccn-
~, IN - own principles and laws, lhi- Is very
,s.,., ,, FOR the States benefit for the Church
can gi iurai r,, - To the state only when it lives
by by som e t," w,n me state la. lie rs
70 see through It, tuncunuHry the u. "I,tc th IN
the representatives ut tho Church do ,u',"tn,,
ter'ss o tile state hut there the right nt thu, "i
AIRY must sop He must not interfere with the Giuru.
lnlstrali"n to wit theuosica, education the clerrh.
courts, tho appointment Of the priests and h,shups the
discussion anl decision nf the principles cunoIs and
doctrines Of the Church Those the vital points with
WHICH lhc state power IN tho person OF tho Chief PRO.
curcur now nterfCrrs.