davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Illegal Election Ballots Make

New HAVEN, Dec. 2S.-The Democratic
black ballots cast in New Haven at both the
recent city and State elections were printed
IRON electrotypes heavily linked, and leaving
the names of candidates in white. The deci-
sion of Chief Justice Park that the city
ballots were Illegal, changes the entire com
plexion of the city government and over
throws Democratic majority of about s, 900.
1t also applies to the State ballot, for
the method of printing both city and
State ballots were identical. Out of
this circumstance will unquestionably grow
famous case. William II. Bulkeley, of
Hartford, the Republican candidate for
Governor, says that he does not see how the
Legislature can avoid declaring the Whole
Republican ticket elected at the State cleo
ton He will be governed by circumstances
In his own action. The Republican bal
lots, he says, were undoubtedly legal.
The only plain tickets polled were cast by
the German Progressive Union, an anti
strict Sabbatarian and liquor law interpre-
tation party. They endorsed all the Demo
cratic candidates but one. If both Demo-
cratic and Republican ballots are cast out
their 5 5000 votes will give the State to the
Democrats. The Democrats are preparing
to take Justice Parks decision before full
bench of the five judges of the Connecticut
Supreme Court. The preliminary steps are
promised for tomorrow The whole State
is excited.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
t.ent,emsns, Driving Assoclation,

New YORK, Dec. 29.-The election of
officers of the Gentlemens' Driving Associa-
tion was held in the turf club theatre last
evening. The ticket elected was David
Bonner, Preei lent; Charles Ii. Raymond,
Vice President L. Humphreyyille, Secre-
tary Samuel Sniffin, Treasurer Shepperd
F. Knapp, j. II. Breslin, George Bailey.
William II. Humphreys and John II. Demott,
Executive Committee
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29

The sugar refinery at Grenok. has been
burned down.
PARIS, Dec. 29.--The Republiqts Francise
admits the gravity OF NJ. Gambetta's condi-
ton.
LONDON, Dec. 29.-Hughe's flour mill at
Belfast has been destroyed by fire. The loss
will reach e40,000. Several men were
killed.
Noltaire asserts that members of iha
English Parliament wrote eheouragemeuts
to Prince krapothine, the nihilcst, who Is
IN prison at Lyons.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Mr., sraxwcli's Case.

The suit for driving faster than walk
across the left side of Market street bridge,
brought against ex-Chief of Police w. j.
Maxwell by George G. Raymond before
Magistrate yandegrift came up last
evening, Mr.. Maxwell being represented by
J.. Frank Ball. 1t was clearly shown that
the defendants horse became unmanageable,
and Mr.. Maxwell took the left passage way
to avoid collision. Decision withheld
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Frank aart,s Ring.

NEW YORK, Dec. 90. Frank Hart, the
colored pedestrian, yesterday had Fannie
Nixon arrested on charge of having stolen
from his vest pocket a solitaire diamond
ring, valued at s526, while he was embracing
her in farewell visit last spring, prior TO
his trip to England. He was unaware OF
his loss until he got out to sea
When he returned he ascertained that Fannie
had twice pawned the ring and
finally sold it for $3.50, but he could not
find her until yesterday, when he saw her Ia
the street and had her arrested.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
eaal Estate stocks, Etc, at Sale.

To.morroy, at Q O'Clock p. m. sharp,
Messrs. Head & Co. will hold their. second
regular public sale OF stocks, bonds, loans @an
and real estate, at the Smith Building, Mar.
ket street between sixth ana seventh. ms inoso
49, NJ of Messrs. Head & Co. are very popu-
isr and afford opportunities for the purchase
oe tSi real real estate, stocks, etc., at advantages
Tarelv offered In any other way. For par.
.icnisrs as to terms, etc., SEQ advertisement
on fTst rage of to-day's paper
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Christmaa Entertainments.

-Four Christmas entertainments took place
last evening at Trinity church, the Reformed
Episcopal Church of the Redeemer, St.
Johns p. l.. church and Calvary T. E..
church. AT all these churches very interest
ing programs were rendered, and presents
were distributed to the children. The sing
ing WAS very good.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
stan,ev scnrlnr nne

NEW YORK, Dec. 29.-A private letter
read here from Paris, states that Henry NJ.
Stanly, the explorer, has disappeared from
that city in most mysterious manner aud
is supposed 10 have returned to Africa.
gerously i'll.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Lanetrv Iooktne After His Inv.

NEw York, Dec. 29.-Mr. J. II. Langtry
and his sister, Miss A. j. Langtry, arrived
yesterday from England. Miss Langtry,
who is sister-in-law of the Jersey Lily, was
Joined at the Albemarle Hotel by Mrs.
Langtry, who is nov playing in Brooklyn,
and both roomed there together yesterday.
Miss Langtry is reported to have come over
to take Mrs. Labouchere's place as chaperon
to the beauty. Mr.. Langtry has not taken
quarters at Albemarle.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
DEGIsTER's ORDER.
Rro1srrn,s nrFIcR.


New Castle Co., Del, December lS' 1857.
Vpon the application Of Thomas Bird,
Ettcntor of Alberto .. Newton, late OF ked Lion
hundred, In said county. deceased, IL Is ordereu
and directed by the Register that the EAecu-
tor aforesaid give notice OF granting OF letters
u Administration upon the estate OF the deceasea
slth IN date of granting thereof, BY causing
adgrrtisetnents TO be posted within forty days
FROM The date of such letters In six OF the in1st
public places OF the county of New Castle,
requiring all persons having demands againss
he estate TO present the same, or abldc ny ~ aSt
VI A Asstinbly In such case made and proyideu !;
4ad also cause the same 10 be inserted within IN ,
came period In the DAILY GAZETTE, =
newspaper published In Wilmington, aud 10 oe
'"9Inaea ihfein andsT hand and seal ofoice
/. }of the Reg ister aforesaid iNllmingt2n
t-~-~ ]In New Castle county aforesaid, the
- GU s. q. BIGGs Register.
NoTiCE.
Alluersohs having claims against the estate OF
Tie deceased must present the same duly al.estsu
10 The Executor on or before December Ia A.
d., lss3, or abide the act of Assembly In such
ease made and provided. ,,....,.,.
Address 81. Georges, Del. deolo-s"-H'
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
pEkS oNAL.
NOTICE.

NOTICE
Ap h-1'' ~ - THE POCKET MANU- Ia.
ia p.,.i,ei t,ycloDedia, - Writers and Travel
ers, Ready Reference Book
cantaIns over 30 0OO Synonymous Words; For.
sina' n nrds and Phrases, alone worth price Oh
f1e whole hook: Church Calendar; Great Asteln-
bly, Rcoms TITLES nsed in United sisies; Aeofs isr
viatlons; Rules Tor Pnnetahtioa; E, ~ MARIA ge
from carefully implied statistics; Interest, pis.
tance, Area and Population Tables Liie maS,ias a
etc. PerpetuSl Calendar; Domestic and Foreign
Postal Rates: stamp Duties Laws, els. hq@ oai ~
Hslidays; Language OF Flowers, etc, ETC., .sIhe
very essence OF large library, ~ Soc, moToeeS;
pocktLbook style, Sl.Ut Maiieu. AMIN 9
y. C. KIFFEL y Co, Publishers,
a, 2-tf 81 Areh street. ~ ~fhllAlrInnls,
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Af..r an t,b,ect,onable suitor.

A colored woman this morning procured
a warrant charging young man with tres
pass The accused is in the habit OF OF visit
the s'old lady" objects, hence the charge.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
r,. Navo,,s work Easy DUST Now.

William Justison was fined So by the
Mayor last evening for fast driving, and a
bakers dozen of small boys were repri-
manded for tearing boards from the house
OF the Kennebec Ice Company. This morn
ing one plain drunk was disposed of.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
struck ON the Head.

During quarrel between two employees
of the Lobdell Car Wheel Company yester-
day, Jacob Detz struck John Hannigan on
the back of the head with bar of iron, In
ficting very serious wound
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
RzGIsTEBs NOTICES.
DEGIsTEI's ORDER.
REaIsTEE's oRpIcE.

REGISTERS ORPICE.
New Castle Co., Del, December II, iSsl.
Iinon the application of barbara Manz,
Exec9trix of Conrad Manx, late OF VIII
mington hundred, in said county, deceased,
ii ls ordered and directed by tho Register that
ibs Exeeutrtx aforesaid give notice OF grant
tnr Of letters Te tamentary upon the estate OF
,hf deceased with the date Of ting thereof by
a,s,nV nd rtiseinents 10 bs posted within forty
.ays from tne date OF such letters, ~ SIX OF the
,sa.f Dublic places OF the county of New Castle
Te1ulrlng aif persons having Demands against the
..,.tr 10 nrrsent the same or abide by an act OF
asssmbly In such case made and provided. And
ia cause Inc same 10 be insertedw within the same
eeriod in the DAILY GAZETTE, news
paper published in Wilmington, and to be con
finued therein three weeks, &c. %. d.
tnNl Given under the hand and seal Of once
". ;. (ofihe Register aforesaid, at Wilmington,
49, Sin New Castle County, aforesaid, the day
ANU ''A- i. C. BIGGs, Register.
NOTICE.
All persons having claims, against The estate I Q,
ne deceased, must present the same duly Attesteh
"a the Executrix ON or before December II,
issa or abide the act of Assembly In such case
49, Executrix.
decT mwf.3w
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
piscouraging worldly Practice.

NEW YORK, Dec. 29.--The Fourth Dio-
eesean Catholic Synod of New York has
prohibited Catholic clergymen from at
tending races or theatrical performances or
wagering money and commands them to
discourage the decoration of funeral biers
with flowers.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
pEGIsTER's ORDER.
Rri.1srrn,s 1lrrrcr.

REGIsTER's OFFICE,
Nkw CASTLE COUNTY, DEL., Nov. y, lss-.
Upon the application of Geo. Gray, administra-
or 0f Kate A. Anderson. late OF White Clay creek
undred IN said county, deceased, II Is ordered anu
Arected by the Register that the Adinlnlslrars,r
ii oresaid give notice of granting of letters OF Al
nlnistrat0n upon the estate OF the deet aseh WIN
.Ie date of granting thereof. By causing adNer-
e einents 10 be posted within forty days lryin l
thu date Of such letters in six OF the most puolS
places OF the county OF New Castle. requiring all
persons having demands against the estate 70
present the same, or abide by an Act OF Assembly
10 such case made and provided; and also cause
4e same to be inserted within the same perlon ~
NJ DAILY GAZETTE, newspaper puOnsheu ~
Wilmington and to be continued tAereih u"ee
WfeNs, te. o. d..
Given under the hand and seal ni
~ Once OF Register aforesaid, az winning
II. S. {ton, In New Cassie county aforesaid, inc
~ day and year above written. -.
s. G. BIGGS, Register.
.NoncE. An persons having claims s against ns
the estate o fkthe deceased must present the SAINT,
duly attsste1 to the Administrator, on or before
November % 1888, or abide the Act OF Assembly
/ n such ease m ade and provided.
GEoRGE GRAY, Administrator.
= dea3l-tts-3w
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
The sacred Heart Fair.

The fair of the Church of the Sacred
Heart now in progress in institute Hall is be-
ing we'll attended and sales are good. Last
evening large number of articles were dis
posed Of To night the First Regiment
Band will be present and furnish music.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Georeie,s Little Pastime.

New YORK, Dec. 29.-George Gould, a
son OF Jay Gould, has become so enthusi-
astie an admirer of Modj eska that he has
rented by the week box at Booths theatre
where she is now acting.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
A large surnrise party.

Mrs. King, living at Fourth and Lombard
streets, was Visited by party of sixty
friends yesterday who eaIne in from Brandy
wine hundred to help her celebrate her
birthday
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29

NOTICE. 10
DELINQUENTs FOR COUNTY TAXES FOR
THE YEAR 1882, IN WILMINGTON HUN
DRED.
All persons who have not yet paid County taxes
on property for the year, 1882 are hereby notined
that unless they pay during the present month.
The amounts due win be collected by legal process
i'N $50 WILLIAM KYNE,
Collector Northern District.
q. II. ID. BEDFORD,
deco.fm Collector Southern District.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
PUBLIC SALES.
-
HEALD 81 CO.'S
III -sEroND REGULAR
PUBLIC SALE Of
Stocks, Bonds, Loans and Real
Estate.

At SMITHS BUILDING, Market a strsSt; be-
tween sixth and seventh, SATu RDAi,
/. Five lots over Ilth street bridge, on Heald
and Twelfth street
Q Five lots over ID street bridge on bradford
street ID, W. X. II. } and street.
3. Two and n half story brick dweillng, no:
429 +, Sixth street, 6rooms and shed hltcheh' lot
10 II. s in. Ni1S It. ,,
1. Two two and half-story frame dwellings,
Nos. 1908 aud 1910 Maryland avenue each rooWs,
shed kitchen and garrett lot l23exl00 IT. with an
alley In common. -, ~, IN, s,
S. Two two-stery brick dwelling No.g5i sprnce
feet TO a foot alley. ,
o. rwo-story brick dwelling, No. gH spruce
street % rooms and bath room, tin roof. lot 6AVo
feet to u Q foot alley. ,, -
For terms of sale, plot and particulars see
dee 7-3t-JO Seventh and Market streets.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29

The NATIONAL BANK OF DELAWARE,
ATWILMINGToN, Die. 7, 1882. !
Notice IL hereby given 70 the stockholders of
this nstitution, that an election will be held at
the Banking House, Tuesday, January 9Th,
1888 between the hours of and O'Clock p. IN. /,
for the purpose Of electing seven directors to
eefes aee7tisns IL ,ae ens"i1 HI EwBANKs. Cashier.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
NOTTOEs.

NoTICE.-PHYSlCIANS, MINISTER'S,
Coroner. will please make all returns to the Reg
lstrar BY January lst, 1883, In order that the
report Tor December Will be full and complete
The report for the year must be made cut in Jan
uaFy and ii Is .md0rtant that ali deaths, births
ana marriages be promptly reported.
dec-b-4tsit r.. ID. fRAZER Registrar.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Rose Eytsnre on the Passion play.

New YORK, Dec 29.--Rose Eytipge de-
nounces the " Passion Play" as injurious
to public morals.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
DEL, FRIDAY. DECEMBER ae
ron RENT.

EOR RENT. - THE CARRIAGE
n FACTORY 1AG and los Orange street. nm old
established stand With "A good run of custom.
Shops fitted up nrst-elass with all modern Inn
provements. A partner wanted In the above
dec2a-tf 0i WASHINGTON STREET.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
NoTcE-ELEcTIoN.

The annual meeting of the stockholders of the
Wilmington and Kennett Turnpike Company
Monday next, the first day Or January 1851, at
O'Clock p. m. for the purpose of eleeting ten
mansgers TO serve for the ensuing year.
Dec. "a, 1882. ). PouLsoN CHANDLER,
deeI-4t Secretary.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
NOTICE. ELECTION.
NOTICE.-ELECTION.

NATIoNAL BANK WILMINGToN& BRANDYwISE
WILMINGoN, Decembera, 1882. =
The annual meeting of the stockholders OF this
bank will he held at this banking house on Tu ES.
DAY, January 2, 1859, between the hours OF 2 and
4oclOck, p. M, for the purpose Of choosing nine
Directors 20 serve for the ensuing year.
iecp-tiAniO q. NOWLAED Cashier.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29

George Barney won the first prize at the
spelling bee of the Scott NJ. E. Church last
evening.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
NOTICE.

oFTfcE OF THE DELAWARE WESTERN II. X. /
Co., WILMINGTON, DEL, Dec. %, 1852.
Tho annual meeting OF the stoc kholders of the
Delaware Western railroad Company will be
heiu Al the Office of the Company In THIS city,
Monday, January sth, 1889, at II. As a. M, for
the election OF seven directors to serve during
the ensuing year. j. q. FARRA,
decx-i0t 81 cretary.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
INDICATIONS.
The Weather Report From Washington



To-day.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 2s-l0.30 a. m.--For
the middle Atlantic states fair weather;
slight rise in temperature; light winds,
mostly from south to west; stationary or
lower barometer; for the Ohio Valley fair
weather, light, variable winds, lower bar
ometer stationary or slight rise in tempera
ture
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
objection

FIRST NATIONAL BANK, I
WILMINGTON, DBL, DEC. y, 1882.
Notice Is hereby given that the annual meeting
Of the tockholders of this hank Will he held Mt
the banking House on Tuesday, the 9Th day OF
january 1883 between the hours of 2 and p.m.,
for the purpose OF electing nine stockholders TO
serve ~ directors the ensuing wear,
decs-tiauiO GEO. ID. ARMSTRONG, Cashier.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
CITY COUNCIL LAST NIGHT.

A accommodation That the Market
Ordinance Pass as Introduced - Fire
watch EIected-Other Business.
Mr.. Beecher was called to the chair at
the meeting of City Council last evening,
and the first business was the reading OF
report from the Law Committee on the
market and vaccination ordinances, to the
the effect that they did not conflict with the
City Charter. Mr.. Blake, who had pre-
sented the report, then made motion that
Council when 1t adjourned do so to meet
to consider the market ordinance on to-
morrow (Friday) evening. This motion
was, after some discussion, adopted.
Then came a report on the market ordi-
nance from the Public Buildings Commit
tee, to whom the ordinance had also been
referred 1t read as follows:
To The Mayor and Council of Wiimfngton-
GENTLEMEN Yohr committee to wh M was
referred proposed ordnance and petition in ref
erence to street markets would most respect.
fully re, ort that owing to the general demand
made by petitioners for a division OF the street
Market ON the east and west 81 les of the city,
your committee would recommend the passaG Q
of the dInance now pending before Council
for that purpose.
X. L. SHAW,
n T. MILLER
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
Lillian Russell DYING
by CABLE.

New YORK, Dec. 29.--Lillian Russell Ia
reported to be dying.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
FLyARCIAL.
R. r. ROBINSON & CO.,
BANKERS AND BROKERS,
Fourth and Market Streets.
ron SALE.

TIE ARTIZANs SAVING BANK.
NO. Oa MARKET STREET.
INCORPORATED JANUARY 2TH. 1861.
"Pen TO receive deposits frome q. m. until ! ?. III.
and on Tuesday and Saturday evenings
from to 8 O'Clock.
sEMI-ANNUAL DIVIDEND,
Regularly made In April and October. When
aytdends are not withdrawn they afe Me,sn,na Me0unaa
ssedeposts. Thus permanent deposits compouha
Aheir interest twice in each year.
MANAGERS:
@sai aa4s T. p sE%ysh EsyIsn sSrsss ssSrss J. j. oapes
aSslhanei +. Benson, n; y. a taen.gIihsst anarIinston.
MMehry II. Dure, coward Datsiinsso"'
y, hastings, joD p. JachSSont
Anth 6ny Higgins.
Z, ieP 5. cehPEiLE, Vice PRESIDENT
feha-ly n. T. TAyLoah Il TEan TEssinreI; raeIa;ditor.
ElRsr NATIONAL BANK ..,,,anov
RkrssIroRY or THE PUBLIC MONEY
AND
FINANCIAL AGENTS
OF
THE UNITED STATES
eDwAnD BRTTs, President, c...,.r
PAID UP CAPITAL, $500, 900.
PhnaAsinh,a, New York and Boston Exchan e
~sNeVnt days MONDAYS and THuRsDAYl
H.SaR. m.
DIRECTORS,
Ssssss, SsSsss hse;s T. sy,s SaS s%es u b Neon asGcns.
DAnisl James, Eii Garrett.
Samuel Bancroft Jr. ni-ay
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29

N0TICE.-THE ANNUAL MEETING
IN oF THE farmers Mutual fire Insurance
Company of the State of Delaware, Will be held
at the Office Of the company, S3S Market street,
Wilmington, Delaware, on Monday, the sth day OF
January Mt 10 n. M, at which time election for
Ave managers Of the company to serve three
years win be held, and one years interest on all
deposit notes will be payable.
Theagonts of the company are authorized TO
receive the dues OF members.
VICTOR Dupont, President.
W. A. LAMorrR,
dec2i-ijan Secretary and Treasurer.
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
GREAT RUSH
O YST RS.

J. T GARDNER, sro
COR. SEVENTH AND sHIPLEY sIs.
has added more help to his business, ana Is HOW
able to supply all persons with Ol TETS al shoI OF,
notIce His wagon will deliver oysters 10 ai, Az
rts of the city. Orders left with the driver WIZ
he nromptlV attended ~ '"'E -
The daily gazette., 1882-12-29
.oTICE.-To WATER RENTERS.
oFrTcE WATKK DErARTMENT.

OFFTcE WATER DEPARTMENT., /
WILMINGTON, DEL, Dec. q. 1882.
The bills for the year 1883 are now ready and
payable at the Registrars office, \. W. corner
sixth and King streets.
On ali bills remaining unpaid aftcr the slst of
January, 1881 five per cent. will be added, IL paid
during the month Of February, and ten per cent.
IL paid during March. After which time the
ferrules may be- Withdrawn and suit instituted
for the recovery Of the amount due. Ofice hours,
dec2i-ast j. A. BOND, Registrar.
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-12-17
4 MALTHUSI4N METROPOLIS.

There has never been a city whose
situation and construction are more I'M
favorable, not to say inimical. to prog
eny. They seem to be regarded here
as interlopers, certainly as inpert-
inences. They do not belong, as every
body knows, in hotels or boarding
houses, and parents always experience
difficulty in having them received there.
In leasing houses, apartments or rooms
the landlord or agent invariably asks
the applicant, "Have you any children?"
very much in the tone and manner that
he would ask, @Have you committed
murder?" or, care you afflicted with
leprosy?" If obliged to plead guilty to
one OR two children, even though they
be very small, he obviously does not re-
gard smallness either of number or size
as any mitigation of your ofense; he in
suits you with a glance of hatred OF
contempt, and, if he fails to reject you
altogether, accepts you with an air Of
protest, but only at an advanced rate.
New York is Malthusian city. II
almost constrains the conditions which
the English political economist con
i sidered essential to depressing popula
ton. His positive and preventive checks
Daily globe. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1878-1884, 1882-12-17
ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY.

1t has been objected to those who
speak of the emotions of an ant or a
bee, for example, that We are not
justified in applying terms derived from
human psychology to animals so remote
In structure from the human type. Dr..
Romanes replies to this objection by
showing that the ground of all inferen-
ces as to the mental processes Of ami
mails is an argument from the analogy
OF their actions with our own. SNow,
it is of course perfectly true that tho
less the resembl snce the less is the
value OF any analogy built upon the re-
semblance, and therefore that the in
ference of an ant or bee feeling sympa-
thy or rage is not so valid as the similar
inference in the case Of a dog or monkey.
Still it is an inference, and, so far as it
goes, valid one-being, in fact, the
only inference available. That is to
say, if we observe an ant Or bee
apparently exhibiting sympathy or rage,
we must either conclude that some
psychological state resembling that OF
sympathy or rage is present, Or else re-
fuse to think about the subject at all
from the observable facts there is NO
other inference open"
Assuming that we are justified in con-
Guiding that the mental processes are
similar when there are similar external
appearances, we still need criterion
of mental as distinguished from reflex
action; for we find both in men and
animals examples of actions mind
like and not yet truly mental" sob
iectively considered, the only distinc
ton between adaptive movements due
to mental perception consists in The
former depending on inherited mechan
isms within the nervous system being
so constructed as to effect particular
adaptive movements in response to par
ticular stimulations, while the latter are
Independent of any such inherited ad
justments of special circumstances.
The criterion proposed is therefore
Does the organism learn to make new
adjustments, or to modify old ones, il
accordance with the results of its owl
individual experience?" If it does, W
have evidence that the limit of non
mental action has been passed; that is
we are able to fix, by means of this CT
terion, "the upper limit of non-menta
action" After distinguishing refe
from mental action, it remains to dis
tinguish instinct" from reason" d.
Romanes proposes to define instinct a
"refex action into which there is in
ported the element of consciousness,
and reason or intelligence" as 18th
faculty which is concerned in the inter
Eaaal adaptation Of means to ends. :.