The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1882-06-07
Farm and w..rkshop Notes.

" Tor Gil purposes.
The way to get rich in farming is to keep
down weeds and use plenty OF. manure
For Hungarian one bushel Of seed, forty
eight pounds, is tne proper quantity 0r
sowing an acre of ground.
In Cheshire, England, extraordinary re-
suits have been attained in the application
of half-inch bones to poor upland pastares.
The sugar beet forms starch in its leaves,
but in the leai stalk this is converted into
grape sugar, and into cane sugar in the eAick
top root in which it is stored up.
Dalrvmple, the great wheat farmer OF
George Howe. of Bradford, Pa. DaITymple
found it necessary to decrease his acreage In
order to farm it effectually.
Algerian wheat planted in Bohemia and
Austria is said to give very satisfactory re-
suits. yielding more largely than other va
rieties 1t is hard variety, and yields al
most twenty-five bushels per acre.
Accordiog to the Government return
there was imported into Canada in 1881
1919 297 worth of -four and $453,2S5 worth OF
cornmeal compared With 1854, 6SS worth OF
flour in 1880, and SslSSO3 worth OF corn
meal.
Breeders of HerefOrds claim for their ia
voriies that they are among the most hardy
of all breeds of cattle, and thus are particu-
larly adapted for countries where it is i'm
possible TO take special care OF cattle through
the winter.
The secret of raising winter squashes is to
plant them late. When maggots get into
the vines the only way TO save the crop is to
cover the vines about six inches deep with
earth. Burylng the worm kills it and does
not hurt the vines.
By growing deeply-roOted crops as part OF
rotation, the subsOil is made TO contribute
to the general fertility. Shallow-rootsd
crops, on the other hand, have generally a
special faculty for appropriating food &C
cumulated at the surface.
In selecting pant for out-of. door work, the
lighter colors should be preferred in point of
durability, though at present fashion indi-
Gates the darker tints. The dark colOrs alb
sorb the suns rays and occasion earlier de-
cay of the material painted.
To make a cement for stoves take iron FL
| ings and mix to about the consistency of
putty for glazing with white lead and lin.
seed oil. Fill in the JOINTS as securely as
possible when the stove is cold, and let it
stand day or two before using.
| The blacksmith often Injuries the wood
work of q carriage by fitting his irons when
too hot If the wood burns ever so little it
weakens it, and if a Joint is near the latter
|
not fit an iron without depending upon its
burning its way down should never be al
lowed to work at the forge.
The average of German observations show
that the annual yield OF milk rises gradu-
ally from the birth of the first calf till the
fifth, reaches its maximum after the sixth,
sinks gradually till after the tenth calf,
when it is about the same as at the first
calving, and after the thirteenth or four
teenth calf is only one-fourth or one-ffth of
the maximum yield.
Farm manures contain all, while CONNER
cial fertilizers may contain only portion OF
the ingredients which plants use for food.
But if farmer were 10 find it profitable to
apply large quantities of phosphates to his
fields, as is often the case, he would prob
| ably secure that material more cheaply by
purchasing a superphosphate, or bone meal,
than by getting horse manure from city
stables at large expense.
Probably there is no crop so profitable for
soiling purposes as corn fodder. 1t should
be sown at different times to keep up sue
cession until cold weather. Oats and then
barley may be sown earlier than is proper
for corn to be sown. The larger growing
varieties of sweet corn are best for this pur
pose. This crop affords a profitable supply
OF ears Tor market or home use and an a0un
dant growth of fodder for the mich cows
Charcoal is not fertilizer. Ii is almos
indestructible, and wholly inSOluble in Wa
ter. 1t is OF great value as a disinfec,an
! and deodorizer, absorbing many times IL.
own bulk of ammODiacal gas, and acts a
storehouse of ammonia and moisture, giving
them out as needed by plants. Its mechani
cal action Is to tighten the soil, and it tend.
TO purify it and keep it sweet. Plants take
their carbon from the air by their leaves anC
| not from the earth.
Few of our farmers have yet learned the
advantages OF the practice of English farm
ers in establishing what are intended to be
permanent pastures, of sowing not only
clover and timothy but several other varie
| ties of seeds in combination with them liz
this way they avoid the loss of time which
most of our farmers suffer, when nature j;
taxed to make turf after the clover and
| timothy have gone. Nature will in time dc
this work as is shown by our roadsides thai
were formerly pastured very closely by cat
! tie running at large.
| An emulation of fluid from cut shoots oil
branches sometimes confOunded with bleed
ing, takes place in winter when the part j:
| warmed The increase of tempera. ure ex
pands the air mixed with the fluid and
causes the fluid to be forced out of the STEM
When cooled the air contracts and fluid wal
be sucked in. This emulation or movement
only occur in the winter and early sprins
before the leaves unfold and Transportation
begins, because it is then only that air anC
liquid exist together in the cavities of the
wood cell.
The new varieties of the clematies or,
among the most beautiful of our hardy
plants. They are naturally climbing plants
but the summer-fower varieties may bS
treated as hefbaceOus plants, allowing then
to cover the surface OF the ground and peg
ging down the shoots. There are two dis
tinct clssses-oDe Towering on the old wood
which must not be cut down, and the othe
producing its flowers on the summer growth
and cutting them down rather strengthen
and increases their vigor. inducing them t
throw up stronger shoots and larger bios
SONS. They are now classified by florists a
spring or summer blooming
In England the winter fattening of cattl,
is principally in the arabic districts, wher,
the straw and roots require conversion int
manure. A liberal allowance of oil cake o.
meal is generally given, with roots O.
chopped straw or clover. Excepting for tn,
value of the manure made by these well
fled animals, this winter fattening is rarely
profitable, the cost of food, bedding and at
tendance being heavy. The manure thu
made under cover by animals freely con
Stunning oil cake is OF greatvalue to the farm
, The immense imports of American tat cat
tie and dressed beef have lessened marke
values of meat, and seriously reduced tn
J profits of British graziers.