Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1882-07-20


THE SUMNER FALLow-The Summer or
bare fallow, was formerly considered the best
method for preparing land for the wheat crop.
The exposure of the soil to atmospheric and
other influences, for whole season, has an eX-
cellent effect, but it is not necessary. A crop
may be grown, and if rightly attended to, the
succeeding grain crop may be as good rs when
preceded by season of fallow. The good re-
suits of fallow are the most evident upon a
clay land. The mechanical texture of the soil
is improved by the frequent blowing and stir
ring, thus opening the soil for the free entrance
of the air, and the better circulation Of the
soil water. These mechanical improvements
facilitate the decomposition of some of the
constituents of the soil, liberating potash and
other essential elements of plant food from the
locked-up and insoluble chemical compounds
of the soil. The ammonia of the atmosphere,
which enters the soil with the rain, is more
readily absorbed, and, last but not least, the
vegetable matter in the soil is more quickly
and thoroughly decomposed and thereby made
available for sustaining the growing plants.
All these points are gained by Summer fallow
upon heavy clay soil, but with light soil
there is no such demand for mechanical i'm
provement, and no corresponding advantage
gained in a chemical point Of view. Nearly
all that can be gained by year Of clean cul-
ture is obtained by hoed or root crop. With
it the weeds can be killed as effectually as in
the fallow; the soil will receive enough cul-
ture to make it sufficiently open for the circu-
lation Of air. There will be il large gain in
the amount of the nitrates and other valuable
nitrogen compounds. In the falOw these are
formed during the hot months OF the year,
and. being very soluble. are washed out OF the
soil by heavy rains, while, if there is a crop,
the nitrates, ETC.. are taken up as food, and
stored away, to be used for some succeeding
crop. Besides, the root crop will furnish a
large amount of excellent food for the farm
stock, and finally yield quantity of valuable
manure, to be returned to the soil. With a
root crop introduced into the rotation, there
is seldom demand for summer fallow.-
american Ayricultwist. for July.
How TO CAN FRUIT.-As the season for
canning fruit is near at hand, we present the
following:
First prepare the fruit by picking it over,
peeling, or whatever else is required. Place
it neatly in the jars in layers, putting sugar
between the layers. Use none hut the best
refined or white sugar, as the yellow is apt to
impart a disagreeable taste and color 1t is
hardly necessary to add any water, though
that may be done if 20 deem it best, according
to the kind of fruit. Place few straws or
small sticks across the bottom of your boiler
put in water, and set it on the stove to boil.
Bring the water to Il boiling point, and let it
continue there as long AS may be required for
that kind of fruit Set the jars on IL table to
cool, and when the fruit is nearly cold apply
the tops and screw them down tightly. For
cherries, blackberries, strawberries, whortle-
berries, grapes, plumS, currants, gOOSeberrieS
and raspberries boil ten to twelve minutes
and put half pound of sugar to the quart of
berries. For peaches and ounces boil twenty
minutes and use the same quantity of sugar
as for the small fruits. Pears and tomatoes
will require q half hour or more to boil, and
less sugar is required for them, especially the
tomatoes. Examine the jars in few days
and if any of the fruit shows signs of working
set it Oh the stove and boil again, taking care
to remove the cover of the jars before doing
50, Or the steam will break them aSunder
Give time to cool before screwing the tops
down. The jars must be air-tight, or the fruit
will not keep well. l.--Rural Messenger.
Young FARMERS.--The hope of improve
ment in agricultural development in this coun-
try, depends on the young farmers, who have
taken hold of the business as a means Of max
ing livelihood. With the intelligence and
activity that are inherent qualities of the
progeny of the successful planters of the olden
time, these energetic young men are exhibit
ing remarkably fine traits and qualities that
assure success. TO those who propose engag
ing in the business, there is world of wisdom
in the following remarks of a contemporary,
the writer of which has evidently been a close
observer. He says, young man, if you are 60
ing to be a farmer, be good one. BE the
chief worker yourself. 1t is the first that wins
esteem and respect. Study, observe and lis
ten, and gather information pertaining toyour
business flom every source, and you can soon
know rs much as any one. Let no day pass
without some increase of knowledge. What
ever you cultivate, do it well. Whatever
stock you have, let it be good, and take good
care of it, and improve it as fast as your means
will admit. Whatever fruit you have, let it
be choice, and study how to improve it, how
to market it so as to get the highest price. If
you have garden, let it be the first in the
neighborhOOd. Be at the head Of the class,
not third or fourth, or at the foot.
ABsoRBENTs FOR STABLEs.-Saw dust, if
it can be had cheaply, makes good absorbent.
Of course it must be dry. The best Of all alb
sorbents is leaf mould, having a great fertliz-
ing value of it's own. 1t is light and easily
scraped together, and should be gathered dur
ing the summer in as large quantities rs posi-
BILE.
"a" Common soda is excellent for securing
tin, as it will not scratch the tin, and will
make it look like new. Apply with piece Of