Morning journal and courier., 1882-01-30
News by Telegraph FROM ALL QUARTERS. BLAINB'S DIPLOMACY. His Policy Toward ChiIi
 and Peru Approved by Both Presidents. SHAPED BY THE INTERESTS
 OF AMERICA. A Move to Checkmate
 England.
A TRUTHFUL INTERVIEW WITH
 THE SECRETARY.
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL,

l Blaine's Dfplomacy-His Policy in South America Defended-A Talk with the l ex-Secretary.
 | WASHINGTON Jan. 29.-In an extended in- terview to be published in the Post to nor row morning ex-Secretary Blaine emphatical- ly deries the published report that the 1 diplomatic instructions to Prescott assigned by him had been drafted and committed to Prescott without the knowledge of the Presi- dent. He says the report has no foundation l in truth. The instructions were not only l talked over at length with the President, but 1 when written were twice read to him for l criticism and change "I have the original l draft 1n my possession with the modified 1 tions desired by the President clearly noted. 1 It is inconce1vable that an extraordinary mis- ] sion important enough to be mentioned in l an annual message to Congress, could leave | the country without the President knowing | the instructions by which it's action should be governed. No friend of the President l could make that suggestion and l in his be- half repel it." Proceeding, MT. Blaine says he never sent any important dispatches on 1 this subject without consulting either Gar l field or Arthur. He also says: "What pos | sible interest could I have myself ill sending l instructions without the full knowledge of l the President? I was to leave the depart
 
 1 take care not to send instructions merely to 1 have them revoked. In addition to other l considerations I had no desire to send Tres colt on fools errand.''
 "How do you account for the change of ! policy ?' asked the interviewer. "That is ] none of my business" said Blaine. ''It is 1 the undoubted right of the President, as it is ! of private citizen to change his mind.'
 When asked whether he knew any reason \ to change his mind as to the wisdom of | course approved by both Presidents he re- piled 'I do not, but time and reflection l and development of events have all the more | confirmed me and fear" added Blaine after 8 short silence, "that one result of the change will be the utter destruction of the commer- l cal interests of the United States on the l South Pacific coast" In regard to the rumer l that he had desired to annex Peru to the l United States he says ''You might as well ! think of annexing Terra del Fuego or Island of Juan Fernandez to this country. Christian l cy mentioned some such thing as being desired in Peru, but never thought it of sufficient l consequence or importance to call for any ! comment. It was merely despairing cry on 1 the part of the downtrodden Peruvians. My l dispatches on the Isthmus canal question published by order of the President disclaim- 1 ed for the United States any desire for terri l torial acquisition in Mexico or Central Amer l ica. It never occurred to me that the an- l nexation of South American territory called l for disclaimer. The ex-Secretary in the ! course of the interview said that not only | was there no attempt made on the part of the ! United States to push claims of private cltl- zens against Peru, but on the contrary that | was carefully avoided. Quotations are made
 from heretofore published correspondence l with Hurlburt showing that direct caution \ was given and how it was needed. The particular cases referred to in these quota tions are the Crockett claim and other plans
 of the Peruvian company. In regard to the Landreau claims he says the House repre- ! sentatives in the last Congress unanimously adopted resolution requesting the State de- partment to use it's good offices on behalf of ! Landreau with the Peruvian government. ] This was very rare and exceptional act, and
 placed the Landreau claim on 8 different
 basis from any other. The State department
 accordingly instructed General Hurlburt to
 use his good offices with the Peruvian gov
 ernment to that end that it would designate
 one of its own courts or tribunals be fore which Landreau could appear
 and have the justice of his claim
 tested. II expressly stated that this government would not undertake to construe
 the contract or decide upon the compensa- ton due to Landreau and I added that while
 our minister could not make an official de-
 mand for settlement he could use his good ! offices to secure it's consideration. Our min \ ister had been authorized in 1874 by Secreta- ry Fish to use his good offices in aid of the
 Landreau claim. Afterwards Hurlburt was I instructed that the claim must not be pressed I to embarrass Peru in her distress
 ! Mir. Blaine further says he knows that the State department gave, as the iron-clad oath ! would say, no aid, countenance, counsel ol ! encouragement to any other claim whatever 1 against Peru during my secretaryship, and to
 this claim to the extent only of asking that
 Landreau might have the privilege of appear:
 ing before a Peruvian court and
 have his rights, whatever they
 might be, decide led by Peruvian
 authority. MT. Blaine translates Trescott's \ official dispatch to mean Chih is willing ano \ glad to accept the mediation of the United States if that mediation can be used to 1n ! duce Peru to submit quietly to destruction ! but if the United States special envoy can
 not be used for that end, Chili will have nc \ more to do with him and he can pack up and
 come home in the meek and lowly frame o1 l mind that would beft his returning journey ! The demand of Chili is equivalent to nothing short of Peru's destruction, MT. Blaine
 thinks, for by it Peru is not left with power
 to raise 20,000,000 cents. Chlh evidently } wants territory, not money. The Labos ,, Islands would sell at auction for twice twenty , millions and Chili will derive very large ) amount from their ownership. Africa ano } \ the Labos Islands will be as com } \ pletely in her possession as Tarapaca } Blaine also says that all instructions sen } I from the State department while he was Sec , retary fully recognized that Chih was entitled D to war indemnity from Peru, and Perl 3 \ ought to have been allowed to pay cash in demnity and ought not to be subjected to tht B ! destruction of her nationality. Mir. Blaine l then proceeds to sum up the richness ot ! Peru and to show that Chii seeks to take al the rich slice. Peru was exhausted by he a ! extravagant outlays on railroads had no nav, s and disorganized army. Chili got her nav. from England. English sympathy, says he ! has stood behind at every step ln her con ! quest and English commercial interests re \ ceive tremendous impulse from the ag
 grandizement of Chili, while think the re
 suit of the Peru-Chili war destroys American influence on the South Pacific coast and liter ally will wipe out American commercial interests in that vast region. l admire ! England's oeaseless activity, but I do no ' believe in having it exercised at the expense o I the United States. Especially do dislike to SC 1 England winning great commercial triumph
 in field that legitimately belongs to tn ' United States, which she could readily com . \ mand if she would. England will absorb tn
 trade as completely as she absorbs that 0
 Portugal or of Egypt, of Australia or of Ben
 gal. Mir. Blaine continues It takes nor
 ! gold and silver than we mine in all the Unite
 States every year to pay the trade balanc \ which Spanish America brings against us an
 nually. In other words we buy of the
 more than we sell them by hundred million
 of dollars every year. It will be worse here after. It was in our power to make it vastl
 better He then declares that the Unite
 States never intended to make war on Chill
 and thinks no one was afraid she would mak
 war on the United States. The whole talk 0
 war with Chili he considers has been absurd
 Mr. Blaine insists that his policy i this matter, instead of being neV 's departure, was directly in the lin
 of the safest precedents laid dow,
 by our most distinguished and conservativ
 Secretaries of State. He refers.to the stead V influence exerted by Seward to re-esta blis
 the authority of Jairez in Mexico by tb
 moral power of the United States by whic e the French were expelled, Maximilan ove
 thrown and republican government wit
 Jairez at the head restored. It would nc
 have required as great an exertion of mor - influence of the United States to save Per
 and make her and Chili both our friends 5 He doesn't think that it was necessary to 2 ,e half so far as Mir. Buchanan went in the cat D. of Panama, but that the steady moral pre-
 sure of the United States would have save
 the nationality of Peru as it did that
 Mexico. Blaine goes further back and sa. t. MT. Adams, when Secretary of State und
 Monroe, and Mir. Clay, Secretary undo