New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1882-03-31

our home market under such circumstances becomes .
rate 81 ay Sns1 w
producer his hour Of need. It then protects the Ame
Ssm n eanse Of pPyns his want. abroad In case
cannot get what he wants at fair price az nome al
proSace when he needs sR
consumer when he needs protection. while
on t the AVERAGE Of years reasonable and
the st rfG With Of
tecion and tariff for revenue only are IN eject
Identical and are M anS not i OF al
duties. have thus established my fourth proposition,
that T dns Tear 70 % give all the
lection which American industry needs and IN fact l
with yh and Affords the Which,
Of can be bed &c Tor nr
| formulating the rates required for this purpose
MoNOPoLIEs TO BE AVOIDED.
Any other method Of procedure has and would have
only effect build up special interests at the ex-
pcnse of the general good and to produce anomalies
which war; not only with the fundamental prnc
pies Of economic science but with the welfare OF the
community The manufacture OF steel rails affords an
example Of this violation Of sound principle The duty,
which once reasonable application Of the ad yaIo-
principle has become In the course OF time, by the
progress Of invention and experience oppressive ana
prohbitOry and has produced results so rcmarka
bic that they should be recorded as warming Last year
production steel rails in this country in round
numbers, million of tons Inasmuch as the demand O.
ceeed the supply the whole, or nearly the whole dY
S2s per tom added TO the price. think am jlst.
fed in saving from knowledge of the business that
the profits last between fifteen and twenty
millions Of dollars original Investment OF not more
hn 6 @ sow h' an e a oSr
employed In operating them, the community at large,
pa. WBc tbd% yeS Ge might peraps look with
compacency upon the exactions to which they nave
been subjected by the operation OF the law.
According TO the census returns the workTren eln-
poyed in the Bessemer steel works in 1880 were 1885
Of aso "eI head While in the iron works ss work
men received $40 099, being at the rate Of about
paid at exactly the same rate the But there
this remarkable difference between the two branches
wages produced profit Of from $l5,000,000 TO
$26.OOO,OOO the propretors, while in the iron works
81 100000 profit to the owners. At least In my own
perence the profits the manufacture Of iron do not
paid in wages and 1880 an average and not an
exceptional year. The operation OF the tar theref9e
working classes who are not paid at any higher rate
but TO take from the community at large at least fifteen
times II not twenty times much profit as the general
average business OF the country will warrant
COMMISSION UNNECESSARY.
The principles have laid down can be applied with
out the aid any commission As have already said
information l. already in the possession OF the Com
mittee Ways and Means, within the knowledge OF
members OF tins House. II the committee is disinclined
undertake the task OF applying these principles then
let the Representatives In Congress assembled undertake
IL and constitute special committees for the work There
is leading branch of business which s not represented
reduction can be permitted and what raw materials
can be admitted free To this work Of reform r,a
letter acceptance, the following language such
fasaton as will relieve every burdened industry and en-
able artisans and manufacturers TO compete success
the Democrats when they planted themselves upon a
tariff for only declared through their leading
men, and by every authority whose utterances worth
considering that their only intention was to remove the
distractions to the growth OF industry by making raw
materials free and by establishing rate OF duty which
would be just between the producer and consumer
tion ''' ~ '"' ''' WHICH, '"' "''''' p''''
CONSEQUENCES OF DELAY.
My fifth proposition il, that If we shall fail to deal with
this question and at once, 1t is inevitable that
shall be relegated to the condition OF suffering in
which found ourselves during the trying between
1873 and 1879 During that period OF suffering had
all the benefit which protective tariff Offer for the
tariff we have now was the tariff had them and yet
business was never 40 bad, employment never so hard
is sufficient demonstration that the tariff does
not, and cannot; control the rate OF
except in the one contingency when foreigners seek
ss sd s
signed for on the average OF years as have al
sad time OF depression the fact that. weighted
were with duties upon the materials which lie at the basis
industry could not get access to the general mar
kes of the for products When such period
turns return it WILL shall encounter precisely the
past experience by the great the capacity for
production which we have been making during the last
ouT capacity to proiuce is now fully equal to our own
wants and in most branches OF business there already
indications that the demand Is not fully equal to the sup
ply IL the surplus when comes cannot get an outlet
then it will not be produced and portion OF our labor
will be unemployed and no increase in the tariff not
even il the existing rates Of duty donbcd would
provide adequate remedy In such an emergency The
iaboriEg classes therefore, have nothing 20 expect or
gnr rom protective tariffs but they nave everything to
gain by removing every possible obfructon TO the ex-
tension of business imposed by the existing tariff and by
the removal OF taxes upon VIA liley CONSUME, anu ny
transfer Of the burdens OF government so TAR az may be
practicable from those who actually produce lite wealth.
10 those who the fixed capital OF the country and
vsing the tariff taxation should be made 70 fall as far
as possble upon the rich and removed from the articles
consumed by the working classes. Hence would not |
tax tea coffee tobacco would reduce the duties on
teria cheaper clothing, and all articles which are con-
sumed by the working classes Thus may we in meas
IRE prepare for the great alterations which are mpcnd
ing ard viii change the face OF the world from causes
about the time when all trade shall be free, ana all
shall be brothers,
When the war drums throb no longer.
And the battle-tags are fured,
- The he federation siiiii Of the World
II the change is provided for by intelligent legislation
shall begin by exporting oar coarse cottons as We lid
our admirable products Of steel and iron in the form Of
labor saving machines and gradually suplant England
we can turn out at less cost in labor than viii he posi-
BILE for her to do after paying frghts on orr raw cotton
and our food The primacy Of industry will be trans
ferrcd gradually but steadily from the Old World to the
DIR. LYON PLAYFAIR's TESTIMONY.
That this anticipation is not illusory, let adduce
the testimony of DR.. Lyon Payfar the Deputy Speaker
OF tie House of Commons and one of the highest living
authorities in the laws of industrial progress. quote
from the February number Of MdcmiHdnS Magazine In
which he up the results of his observations our
Industries during his recent visit to the United states
lie says: "No expects speedy recognition of the
advantages of free trade nor Is to be desired Whom
a man has been walking on Crutches they
must suddenly be pulled away from him.
England does not suffer much from the protective
policy of the United states she believes The protec
tive duties OF America remove from us the most fOmid
able competitor in the markets OF the world by raising
its prices OF production They protect England in all
neutral markets, and enable 10 send into the
United States p25OOO 900 of manufactured goods while