davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13
THE p0TATO.
HOW IT CAME TO BE EATEN BY THE
FRENCH ARISTOCRACY.


FRENCH ARISTOCRACY.
About the year 1870 the potato was
carried from Peru into Spain, and from
Spain into the gardens of Italy, Ger
many aud Flanders. In 1888 an inhabi-
tant of ATras first drew attention to it's
culinary value but prejudice was so
strongly against it that it did not come
into use. In 1896 Gaspard Baulim sue
ceeded in effecting its introduction into
certain parts of the environs of Lyons
and the mountains of the Vosges.
Philosophers, however, said it must be
injurious, because it was sort of night
shade, and the populace got a notion
that its use gave rise to scuTvy. In this
state of bare federation the potato re-
mained in France until the year 1913,
when the naturalist, PaTmentier, COM
menced a series of potato banquets to
his friends. Potatoes, nothing but po-
tatoeS, on these occasions, appeared be-
fore the guests. All the genius. how
ever, of French cookery was invoked to
impart to them agreeable forms and sa-
worry tastes.
This was the naturalist's first step.
His second was still more extraordinary.
Having planted considerable breadth
of potatoes at Montreuil, near Paris, he
gained an audience of the unfortunate
Louis XVI, in the course Of which he
inspired his majesty with the ideas OF
the value of the potato.
"But how are we 30 make people eat
what they are prejUdiced against ?'' in
quired the king.
''Sire, if your majesty will graciously
afford me a little aid, that prejudice
shall be removed, replied PaTmentier.
ITO overcome prejudice is a difficult
matter but how can L aid you, NJ. Par
mentier ?''
''If your majesty shall graciously or
der that a soldier shall mount guard on
my potato field at Montreuil, potatoes
will be all the fashion in less than six
months. -
The King laughed, and granted Par
mentieT's request. ThenceforwaTd a
military guard might be seen prominad- E
ing with measured step the naturalist s
potato field. How precious must that
blue-howered plant te thought the
iookers-on. No more fear OF leprosy-
no more dread of poisoning. The high
est people in France were proud to eat
potatoes. In 1885 the harvest failed, the
corn crop scarcely amounting to one
half the usual yield. The popular indif-
ference with respect TO the potato cul-
ture completely disappeared, and the ra-
pidity with which its propagation was
conducted may be estimated by the fact
that in the year 1913 five thousand acres
of land were under potato culture in
France. In 1915 there were about eight
hundred and seventy-ive Thousand sew
en- hundred and sixty acres thus devoted.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13
THE CHERRY.

The cherry comes originally from
Asia. After victorious expedition IN
to POntus, the Roman general, Lucul-
lus, brought the cherry from Cerasus,
town of that province, into Italy. Sol
dier though he was, he had an eye open
to whatever was agreeable IN tue way OF
food. ard it is not to be doubted that he
regarded the cherry as one of the proud
est of all his trophies. The cherry was
then brought to Rome about 20 years
before Christ. About 120 years later it
it was introduced into Great Britain.
From Italy it was brought also into all
the other countries of Europe, in every
one of which it is now a universal favor
ite with all classes of the people.
The Roman horticultuIist soon pro-
duced other specimens of the cherry, and
Pliny makes mention of eight different
varieties which were extant in his day.
1t shows what great things can be ac-
complished by cultivation and art, and
more than three hundred different va
rieties are now specially described in
the official catalogues. The gum of the
cherry is almost Identical with gum ar
able, and it has frequently been utilized
for food.
The wood of the cherry is very beau
tiful and much used for furniture. Some
as mahogany. It is hard, compact and
tough, and it possesses the rare virtue
of not warping. 1t takes on high pol
ish. Its beautiful reddish tint, instead
of fading with time, grows deeper and
deeper every year.
In Germany, the cherry tree Is a great
favOTite, and is extensively used as an
ornamental shade tree. Many road-sides
are lined with cherryitrees on both sides.
You will frequently pass through an
avenue of these beautiful shade trees for
miles at time. Loudon makes record
of the fact iE his work called "Arbore-
tum" that in the year 1923 he travelled
for several days through continuous
avenue of cherry trees from Strasbourg
by a circuitous route to the city of Mum
ich. Whether they were in fruit, or in
blossom, or merely in leaf, the ride must
have been a charming one.
''These avenues in Germany" says
LoudoE, ''are planted at the desire of
the respective governments, not only for
shading the traveller, but in order that
the poor pedestrian may obtain refresh
ment during his journey. All persons
are allowed to paTtake of the cherries on
condition of not injuring the trees but
the main crop, when ripe, IS gathered
by the respective proprietors of the land
on which they grow. The celebrated
kirchenwasse of the Germans is made
of the wild cherry of the Black Forest.
Stones and all are fermented with the
pulp. The ratifia cordial of Grennoble
are made of the cherry. So is maraschi-
no, which is the most celebrated of all
Italian liquors. The leaves, the kernels,
as well as the pulp of the fruit, are fer
nented together. A quantity of honey
is also added. From the result of all
this maraschino is the product of distil-
lation -
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13

A CHEAP WAY To DISSOLVE BoNEs.-
This can easily be done without the use of
sulphuric acid. Strong lye, from hardwood
ashes, will do the work, and II YOU have a
large iron pot, or boiler, you can have them
ready for use in a short time. Throw in
ashes and bone together for an hour OF two.
Set aside and let cool. The bone will now
be found to be in a soft and brittle state. aud
may be crushed under slight pressure, The
contents OF the boiler-Iye, ashes and bones
are all excellent material for the compost
heap.
But perhaps, economical housekeepers will
prefer % utilize the bones for soap-making,
ID the hrst place. 1t is a good idea, as the
bones, waste lye, and other refuse, after the
soap Is made can be carried into the compost
heap, as before. Never throw away a good
oone, but put all away in safe place until
you nave enough for good boiling. / would
stop by the roadside to pick up bone even
though ten miles from home. They contain
some OF the richest elements of plant food.
and are therefore Invaluable as fertilizers,
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13

The DEATH VALBEY OF JAYA.-A
romantic tradition has been refuted, an
other thrilling illusion dispelled. by DIR.
Otto KuntZe's discoveries that the leth-
al capacities of Pakamaran, the renOwn-
ed Javanese Death Valley. is as utterly
fabulous as the Norwegian Kraaken or
Richard of Gloucester's hump. 1t is no
longer permitted to believe that the ef-
fects of the subtle poison given of by
the Deadly Upas Tree" have bestrewn
that dismal vale with carcasses of saw
age beasts, birds, serpents, or that GER
tain death awaits any foolhardy travel
Ter attempting to cross it for the emf
nent German explorer has paid Paka-
maran an exhaustive visit, and reports
it to be as healthy as any other part of
the island In the way of coTpses he did
not see as much as a dead fly within it's
precincts. He describes it as a small
circular depression in a gorge Of Dieng
Mountains, about seven square metres
in size, and fOTlOrn of vegetation. 1t is
approached by two foot-paths, winding
downwards from the hills by which it is
surrounded. By one of these paths DR..
KuntZe entered the Death Valley, des-
pite the entreaties of his guides and ser
wants, ore of whom repeatedly strove to
hold him back by force, and having
traveTsed PakamaFan in every direction
quilted it by the other path. The ma
tives had assured him that he would
find the valley choked up by skeletons,
as even the swiftest birds, flying above
would drop down stone dead, slain by its
poisonous exhalations. In vain, bowev-
er, did he look about for a bone /; nor
could he detect the least unpleasant
odor, Dr.. Kuntze pronounced Paka-
maran TO be an imposture, the offspring
of ignorance and superstition. Unable
to dispute his sentence, we are bound,
not altogether without regret, to rele-
gate the death-dealing vale to the limbo
of exploded myths.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13

CORN AND MATHEMATICs.- are
some curious things about corn. You
can find four leaf clover. but / have
never yet found ali odd row on an ear of
corn. 1t is always fourteen. or sixteen,
or twenty, or some other even number
and | would like to understand what
corn knows about mathematics, and
what objection nature has to odd num-
bers. But nature is full of mysteries,
Right before me on the front piazza are
two vines climbing a cane-one a ma
deria and the other jassamine. and
they cross each other at every round
climbing in opposite directions, and
have tried to make them reverse, but
they won't, You may tie one with a
string, but it will squirm and twist out
and go according to its nature.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13

vorE The whole Democratic ticket.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1882-10-13
WHY A KEROSENE LAMP EPxLODEs.

Girls, as we'll as boys, Deed to under
stand about kerosene explosions. a
great many fatal accidents happen from
pouring kerosene oil OH the FIRE to make
it kindle better; also by pouring oil in q
lamp while lighted. Most people sup
pose that it is the kerosene itself which
explodes, and that if they are careful to
keep the oil itself from the fire or light
there will be no danger. But this is not
so. If a can or lamp is left about half
full of kerosene oil, the oil will dry up.
OF ''evaporate, - little, and will form,
by mingling in the air in the upper part
a very explosive gas. You cannot see
this gas any more than you can see the
air. But If it Is disturbed and driven
out, and blaze reaches it, terrible ex-
plosion ensues, although the blaze did
not touch the oil. There are several
other liquids used in houses and WORK
shops which will produce an explosive
vapor in this way. BenZine is one; burn
ing fluid is another, and naphtha, alco-
hol, ether, chloroform may do the same
thing.
In New York workshop lately, there
was a can OF benZiDe, or gasoline, stand
ing on the floor. A boy lighted a cigar
cite, and threw the burning match on
the floor, close to the can. He did not
dream there was any danger, because
the liquid was corked up in can, but
there was a terrible explosion, and he
badly hurt. That seems very mysterious.
The probability is that the can had been
standing there a good while, a good deal
of vapor had formed, some of which had
leaked out around the stopper and was
hanging in sort of invisible cloud over
and around the can; and this cloud, as
the match struck it, exploded.
Suppose a girl tries to fill a kerosene
lamp without blowing it out. OF course
the lamp is empty or she would not care
to fill it. This empty space is illed with
a cloud Of explosive vapor arising from
the oil in the lamp. When she pushes
the nozzle of the can into the lamp at
the top, and begins to pour, the oil, run
ing into the lamp, fills the empty space
and pushes the cloud of vapor up: the
Vapor IS obliged to pour out over the
top, into the room outside. OF course
1t strikes the blazing wick the girl holds
at one side. The blaze Of the wick sett
the invisible cloud OF vapor on fire. and
there is an explosion which iQnites the
oil and scatters it over her and over the
furniture of the room. This is the way
in which kerosene lamps burst. The
same thing may happen when the girl
pOurs the oil over the fire in the range
or the stove, if there is cloud Of explo-
sive vapor in the upper part of the can,
or if the stove is hot enough to vaporize
quickly some of the oil as it falls. Re-
member it is not the oil, but the invisi-
bic vapor that explodes. Taking care of
the oil will not protect you. There is
no safety but in this rule: Never pour
oil on lighted fire or in lighted lamp.
-ChriStidn Union.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1882-01-28
LETrER No. 74.--DEc. %, ISL.
EMIGRATION To HAWAII.


The British bark Earl DaIhousie, chartered in
the name of the Hawaiian Government, sailed
on the 81 inst. from st. Michaels. Azores. with
322 Portuguese on board for Honolulu. This Is
the 5th emigrant vessel despatched by Mr..
Hofnung. the energetic commissioner for the
Hawaiian Kingdom. The others were the
Ravenscraig with 4I9 emigrants, Highfyer with
s2s, Suffolk with 400, the Highlyer I'd trip }
with $50 making a total 30 far of l,S14 Portu-
guese emigrants forwarded to Honolulu by Nr.
Hofnung. I Just hear that the Queensland Gov
eminent has sent out Mr.. Rafferty, as a special
delegate to confer with the Indian authorities ON
CooIie emigration to that colony; Mr.. Rafferty,
has Just arrived Mt Calcutta.
PERSONAL NOTES.
At the Foreign Office, steps will soon be taken
20 relieve Sir Arthur Gordon Of "A portion Of his
RESPONSIBILITIES in the dual duties as Governor
of He~ Zealand and High Commissioned of
.ba Fiji I.Iauds. especially in respect to the
latter capacity. i hear that Sir j.. rope IN
nesy Will be relieved next year in the Governor
shiD of HongkOng. and that Sir II. L. Irving.
late Governor Of Trinidad, will probably sue
eeed him. Mr.. Alderman MIArthur, NIP, late
MAYOR of this city, who in this capacity ex-
tended so hospitabie a reception to hing haia-
kaua last summer, has left England for "A tour IN
tbe Fast. He will visit Egypt and probably
palestine. General Won BeTken, who was Gov
ernOr of Berlin, during the Kings visit to the
caDital of Germany, has just been appointed to
the command Of the 18th Division. Prince
Leooold. Duke of Albany, was installed As Past
Grand Master Of the Marx Degree III Free
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1882-01-28

- 1 continue to sell cretons at % cents per
yard, A very small assortment left ut Chs. J.
FIsHELs' POPULAR STORE.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1882-01-28
EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENCE

LFEoN OUR owS coaEEsroSDEST.I
LETTER No. 73.-LOSDoS. DEC. ~. 1881.
"REMINISCENCES OF THE KINGS VISIT
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24
H GOLDEN ROSE.

The society reporter OF the Washing.
ton Critic Ia friend Of Mrs. Sherman's,
by the way writes: ~ am sorry to
dispel the romance OF the Golden Rose,
which has been SO often printed during
the past week, but I heard Mrs. Sher.
man say. in answer to some questions
about it, No, I did not receive it, and
it has never been given to any American
lady. The only time I can now recall
that it was ever presented to any one of
rank less than royalty was way back in
the thirteenth or fourteenth century,
when it was given to Sir Reginald
Mohun, a simple Knight, to whose pos
sessions the Pope added large domains,
in order that his revenue might equal
the honor done him."
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24
OVER THE WATER.
Correspondence Relative to the
Egyptian QuestiOn-Arabi Pasha
Oh the Rampage.

ESPECIAL TO THE SENTINEL
LONDON, June 23.-Oficial correspond
ence relative to the Egyptian question is
published. 1t shows that Bismarck is
favorable to Intervention by the Sultan, as
a sovereign of Egypt, but would not OPP
pose any other proposals sanctioned by a
concert of the Powers. On the 22d of
February De Freycinct expressed to the
British ambassador at Paris a strong OBJ
lection to any intervention by the Porte,
considering the object Of the Powers to be
to render forcible Intervention unneces-
sary. The correspondence shows that
France first proposed sending iron-clads to
Egypt.
An Alexandria correspondent telegraphs
that he is informed on the best authority
that if France and England interfere
actively in Egyptian affairs, Arab Pasha
will blow up the Suez Canal, cut the rail
way at Cairo and oppose the landing OF
European troops at Alexandria. If beaten,
he will retire to the desert, where he is
promised the support Of 20,0 0 Bedouins.
The Egyptian Ministry are prepared to
sanction the above on patriotic grounds.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24

ground with bullet holes in them. They
are not identified, but are supposed to be
those of cattle or horse thieves.
Three Men Killed by Lightning,
FINDLAY (Ills.), June 90. Terrible
storms visited this place last night. Three
men, named Charles Sensny, John G. Will
son and Charles G.. Holmes, were instantly
killed by lightning.
A Disappointment 10 Mrs. SEQ
VILE.
CLEVELAND, June 23.-Mrs. Scoville,
failing to get an interview with Mrs. Gar
field, has left the city without telling her
business.
Subscription for the Cyclone Suf-
ferers.
CHICAGO, June 23.-The committee ap-
pointed to solicit subscriptions for the
sufferers by the lows cyclone in the Board
Of Trade yesterday raised about $4,000.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24
New Postal Order,

The new order Issued by the Postmaster
General, to take effect on the first day OF
July, provides that whenever any short.
paid matter is deposited at free delivery
Office, and consigned to any address within
the United States, it shall be the duty OF
the Postmaster to send al obscal postal card
to the addressee notifying him OF its deten-
ton, and that it is necessary for him to
remit the amount Of postage due thereon
before the same can be forwarded to its
destination. This provision applies only
to matter which does not bear the card or
address Of the sender. Such card matter
should be returned Immediately to the
party mailing it, as prescribed by existing
regulations.
Under the operation of this order, in the
event Of any letters being mailed in San
Francisco without sufficient postage, notice
will be sent to the addressee instead of the
letters being sent, as has formerly been the
practice, to the Dead Letter Office in Wash
ington. The jurisdiction OF the San Fran
cisco Postofice will extend as far east as
the Mississippi, and a like system will be
in force upon the Atlantic side. The effect
OF the order, which is OF course a great
convenience to the public, will be to in.
crease and complicate the business OF the
metropolitan Postoffices az well 40 to make
the receiver Of unpaid letters respons-
ible for the carelessness OF the sender.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24
GCBERNATORIAL.

From a reliable Democratic source we
learn that George T. Marye has retired
from the Democratic Gubernatorial cor.
test and that j. W. Adams seems to have
the inside track for the nomination. The
friends Of Captain Matt Canavan claim
that they will carry Storey and Ormsby,
sure. Should he succeed in doing so it
is more than likely he will be the nomi-
nee. 1t is said that the friends of Hon.
Jerry Schooling are trying to persuade
him to reconsider his determination to
keep out of politics and make a fight for
the place.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24
CUBAN EMANCIPATION,

Again the subject of emancipation in
Cuba has been brought before the Spanish
Cortes in Madrid by the presentation of
q bill to provide for the immediate
abolition Of slavery and for granting
complete civil and political rights to the
slaves. There can be no doubt that if
this measure could be contaminated the
ultimate result would be to seriously
cripple the military aristocracy in Spain,
which has been the cause of so much
bloodshed, political turbulence and revo-
l~atienary violence.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-06-24
CAPE DIAMONDS.
Something Of~Interest About This
Stone in Commerce.

From information received by the Lon
don Economist it would appear that the
export of diamonds from the Cape of Good
Hope amounts to a much larger sum than is
generally supposed. That journal says:
The custom-house returns of the colony
are entirely silent as to what these ship
ments amount to year by year, and our
own Board of Trade returns are equally
devoid Of information on the subject.
Yet when we say there is every reason for
surprising this country received last year
as much as f4, 900, 900 worth of Cape dia-
monds; that the bulk of these stones were
sen to Holland to be cut, and after being
received back were sold partly here, but
mainly in Paris, Vienna and New York,
while not a few stones found their way to
India, the existence of a traffic Of really
considerable magnitude is disclosed.
More than that, there can be no doubt that
the trade has grown rapidly. Only twelve
years have elapsed since the first dia-
mond was exported from the Cape as a
curiosity, and five or six years ago it was
roughly estimated that some 90, 900, 900
worth of these stones had been shipped
thence in the course of a single year.
Now, we have been kindly supplied with
the aggregate amounts Of bills drawn
against Cape diamonds in 1881, and re-
mitted for payment to London by the three
principal banks engaged in South African
trade. 1t must not be supposed that these
bills represent all, or nearly all the dia-
monds which find their way from the
Cape. There is reason to believe that the
number of stolen stones, often sent
through the post without 80 much as reg
istration, is increasingly large; and at the
same time packets reach this country and
the continent conveyed through numerous
private channels. 1t will probably there
fore, not be overstepping reality if we state
the export as follows: Cape diamonds ex-
ported in 1881. Diamond bills received
here in the regular course by three prin-
cipal banks f3, 76S, 900. Add 20 per cent
privately postedor bought, f75s, 900. Total,
"a, 500, 600.