davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
Bank Noe Paper.

The fibered bank note paper on
which American legal tender, national
bank note currency and government
bonds are printed, is made at Dalton
Mass, in an old mill, whose existence
dates back to colonial times. If you
should stop at the old paper mill, with
proper credentials, you may perhaps be
allowed to handle a sheet of the crisp
paper, where. as the wet, grayish pulp
is pressed between heavy iron cylinders,
bits of blue and red silk are scattered
over its face and sIlken rlbs laid on its
surface. You may go beyond, into the
counting room, where each sheet as it
comes from the drying room is carefully
examined and counted and then return
ed to the paper cutter to be divided
into smaller sheets. If you trace this
paper still further you will find that
from the cutters hands it passes again
into the counting room, and Is separat-
ed into little packages containing
1000 sheets each, the amount re-
corded in register, aid then packed
into bundles and stored in fire and
burglar proof vaults to await shipment
to the United States treasury. From
the pulp-room to the vault the precious
paper is watched and guarded as caro-
fully IS though each sheet were an ounce
of gold. Its manufacture is one of the
greatest secrets connected with the
governments money making. From
the vaults of the paper mill at Dalton
to the guarded store rooms of the treas
ury at Washington is but a journey of
two or three miles. In the capacious
vaults of the treasury bnilding. among
gold, silver, copper and nickel coins,
bullion, paper currency and official rec
ord, You will find thousands of packages
of the bank-note paper that is manufac-
tured at Dalton. 1t comes In little iron
safes, such as are used by the Adams
Express Company, and each package
and every sheet is carefully counted be-
fore the manufacturer and express
company are relieved of further respon-
sibility. The paper that arrives to-day
may lie in the treasury storeroom fol
years, or it may be sent to the bureau
of engraving and printing tomorrow,
to return in the course cf months
time legal-tender or bank note.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20

As many as 1000 -pickers findem-
ployment about the streets of New York.
They are almost exclusively Italians,
who have displaced the Irish and Ger
mans who used to do the work. Then
gatherings of rags are valued at S75O, 900
a year. The hand-cart dealers do a
business of SO, 900, 900 year. The ag-
gregate rag trade of the city amounts to
$50, ,0OO, 900 year. A prominent dealer
estimates the number of rag dealers In
the city at 500, about fifth of them
doing a large business. The general
trade is controlled by a few extensive
dealers. Last year the cotton rag i'm
portations reached $40, 900, 600 in value,
the home gatherings being worth sl2,
600, 900; the paper mills taking the
whole supply. The cotton rags are
worth from ], to cents pound; the
woolen rags from 8 to 35 cents pound.
The latter are used in making shoddy
goods. The rags are sorted by women,
who earn s. a week, and packed by men,
whose wages range from s12 to si4
week. Some of the larger dealers have
accumulated large fortunes.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20

The remarkable ice condition on the
North Atlantic and in the Iceland seas
this year have been recently compared
by an English meteorologist with those
of the last fifty years, and the compari-
son seems to lead to the opinion that
.ice-hoes in the Atlantic have decided
tendency to occur to an unwonted ex-
ten. about the time Of maximum sun
spot like the present" The last epoch
of maximum sun spot was in 1870, and
it is something of coincidence to find
that. In a detailed list of icebergs re-
ported by The North German steamer
lines from 1860 to 1869, the greatest
quantity of ice was encountered in 1868
and 1869, just preceding the maximum.
The Government meteorologlsts of India
have ascertained, by extended investi
cation, that the excessively heavy snow
fails on the Himalaya Mountains have a
tendency to recur periodically at the
minimum sun-spot epochs, and it would
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
Retailing Human tlesh.

We have all heard the Chinese charged
with infanticids. We believe that crime
TO he less prevalent with them than il is
with Us. If children are ever exposed
as has been seen on a waysids altar near
Honam, We believe that bitter want and
hope that charity would provide
tor the child better than the mother
could, have been the moving causes.
As general rule self-iDterest acts as
the strongest bar to this vice. That the
life of the male children should be
preserved is most important, as the
Chinese law Will compel the sons to
maintain their parents, and in the event
OF all the sons dying no one would be
able to offer that worship at the tomb of
the father and mother on which their
happiness III another state is supposed
to depend With gIrls, preservation is
almost as important, and they are a
marketable commodity either as wives
or "a servants. Indeed it is no rare
thing to see basketful of babies sent
down from Canton to Hong Kong for
sale at prices ranging from 81 to So.
These are all girls; and the purchase of
the one or more Of them is generally the
first investment that Chinese Aspasia
makes OF her earnings. speculation sure
ultimately to pay very large interest
on the money sunk. In denying the
existence Of infanticide il is necessary
to make one exception. THIS is among
the Tan-kia or boat population. These
are race of people of different descent
and dffernt religion from the Chinese,
governed by their own magistrates, and
so looked down upon by the either
classes that no child of a boat. woman
can compete in the literary examina-
tions, or, whatever his ability may be.
become an aspirant for Office. This
class is excessively superstitious. and We
have heard it stated by missionaries
that when child belonging to people
of this class suffers from any lingering
.malady, and recovery becomes hopeless,
they will put to death with circumstances
of great cruelty, believing it to be rol
their child but a changehng, and
fancying that demon has taken the
place of their offspring for the purpose
of entailing on them expense and trouble
for which they could never get any
return.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
hawk Fisheries

The hest fishers, near Spring Lake. a
t., * viii hover for several minutes over
,he water of the inlet, looking with M nus
sborp ewes for prey at convenient. ais-
,ance below the surfacs. be Is reau. "
snatch anything in the way OF h7h, oa'
especially cells, of which he is very iona,
Bnt he despises crabs, for they give h'm
tronb,e when he tries to handle 'nep. !.
ge does not mind getting wet' pu',
necrssary. will go foot or two uhaef
later. He grasps the fish in an instant
nd if not too heavy a prey, rises WIN u
= and flies away to his nest, WHICH y a.
,be top of high tree, mile or TWO on. on
Sometimes shS the fish is too weighfy ior
HIM to carry or too brave a nsn.ei -, !,
him TO secure. In that case nc ',i.o -
% .1air. each time soaring aloft and IAN
;ng q new observation and decen'.ns :
,ra ,-;tb iahtning celerity to grasp 'n'
prey.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
Produces OF Texas.

The following Is a summary OF the
amoant and value OF the products of the
State Of Texas for the year ending
August 81, 1882, as follows:-CottOn,
S7S, ,S54 bales, value, $50, ,09i. .67S; wool,
q, ,299, ,652 pounds, value, S5,12S, ,9l9;
hides, Is, So, 765, pounds, 81 ,628, 735;
cattle, 691, 1853. SIC, 6,654, ,07O. horses and
mules 33, 724 head, 81, ,093, 100; lumber
and shingles, s644, 12O; grain and hay,
IS, 497 ,625. cotton seed, cotton seed
cake and oil, S2.4S5, 740; miscellaneous
products, 50, 427, ,66S; sugar and molas-
ses, S725, ,694. Total value, S97, ,3S0,
ass. During the year there were com,
pleted 1641 miles OF railroad, a. an est
mattel cost for construction and equip
ment of S44 ,525. 900. Ike state Low
has sos miles of completed railroads
costing for building and equipmen
S165, SOC, 600.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
lot detest at all, guessed the state Of
the case very fairly.


Lot detest at all, guessed the state Of
the case very fairly.
And when Jenny's father, who did
not at all approve of the course the
child was taking, would have sent hel
back at once, she interposed, saying
mo, no father. just let this little
domestic difficulty work is own way,
1t will be very nice TO have the child
make us a little visit, and you'll see
how it will end. Just keep your Owl
counsel, and no one will he any the
wiser"
SO they told the neighbors that Jen.
ny had come for few days, and hel
husband would come for her when hel
visit was over.
Jenny did not say much, but hel
mother noticed that her eyes were rec
a good part Of the time, and she did
not care to go out anywhere with hel
friends.
The fourth day came apost-card from
John, saying he would be there mex
day with the papers for Jenny to sign
and then she could tell him where tc
send her part of the things, SO that ht
could break up and be off at once, fol
it was too lonely to stay in town.
Jenny said not one word when she
tossed the card to her mother to read.
Neither did Airs. Smith, but she
smiled very significantly, and slipped
the card away where no one else would
get hold of it.
The next day, about the hour wher
John must arrive, Mrs. Smith took the
carriage and drove away, saying she
would be back in an hour orso, leaving
Jenny to meet her husband alone.
Jenny tried to look very cold anc
naughty and succeeded in looking ex
tremely silly.
John, on his part, tried TO look yer,
fierce and stern. and succeeded in look
ing very stiff and awkward while they
were beth very red In the face, and very
nervous.
"I-I have brought-these," he saii
taking package of papers from hi
pocket, ''and If you viii sign them
can go back to town this evening
Here is pen and ink, L see"
you will have to show me where t
fsign," says Jenny. 81 never saw an.
any such papers" :" .E~
"Oh, certainly. Write here, an'
here, aEd here. And-ahem my
Jenny, II might as well say while w
are about it, 1 don't bear you any i'll
will"
"Oh, no. rol Nor 1 you," faltere'
poor Jenny.
'.And II am sorry 1 said that abou
your mother. She's good woman"
.sYes, John. And I'm sorry said
hated your aunt Higgins"
81 forgive IL, Jenny"
sAnd I-I-wish-I had gone there.
well, 1 wish / had let You go t.
Brighton. VIII you sign now, Jenny? !?
Jenny flung down the pen.
"No, no don't want to sign an.
old hateful papers 1 don't want t
have yop go away, John. l can't STAN
il. Lob, dear me-" Jenny burst int
tears.
John jumped up, and caught her Il
his arms, and whispered
pet, shall we go home together. an
begin over again ?"
Yes, yesr' sobbed Jenny, with
dozen kisses.
And then-well, then. when Mrs
Smith came home she smiled again, an
got the incest supper she could for he
reconciled children.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20

the viii Of the late Ex-Governor C..
c. Washburn, of Wisconsin, which dis
poses of property worth s2,5O0,0c0, is
to be contested by relatives of his wife.
Mrs. Washburn became insane twenty
years ago, and has lived since in an H.
sane asylum, the money for her sup
port being given by her husband. His
will provides that the yearly allowance
he made for this purpose shall be cot
tInued. Under the laws of Wisconsin,
however. wife, whether sane or insane,
is entitled to a dowry of one-th'rd of an
undivided estate. The will, lawyers
tcld. can be set aside on this ground
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20

seem probable from this fact that dur
ing the sun-spot minima the solar heat
is greatest, and hence .he evaporation
from the Indian Ocean, which supplies
the vapor for the abnormal Himalayan
snowfall, is more abundant than in year
of maximum sun-spot. Physicists have
never been able 20 determine whether the
suns radiation of heat is greater during
periods of maximum or minimum spot
tedness, SO that the study of the great
meteorological changes Oh the earth re-
ceives as yet lut little help from the OBJ
served changes on the suns face. 1t Is
more than probable that, in the case of
the ABNORMAL ice drifts occurring at IN
tervals in the Atlantic, the Cause of the
phenomenon is TO be looked for, not in
the year of its occurrence, but in the
two or three previous years, 1t cannot
be assumed that season marked by an
exceptionally large outflow of ice from
the Polar basin has been one of except.
ionally high temperatures within that
cold area. The extraordinary discharge
of ice may be due to an accumulation in
the fiords and bays of Arctic lands,
which has been going on for years, until
at last the aggregated glacial formations
are dislodged by their own weight auj
descend into the sea. Arctic navigators,
since Cooks time, have also noted that
the sto,ms and wave action Of the Polar
ocean are more effective in breaking up
Its shore ice and the large Ice-fields than
the suns force. To either of these slow
working causes may possible be due the
immense effiux of ice in 1882 from the
Greenland seas. But, if the expedition
now endeayoring to communicate with
Lieutenant Greeley in Smith sound Is
successful, the meteorological data
which that officer can furnish from
his high Arctic station may tell some
thing very interesting about the I'M
mensely larger fields and masses of ice
which have issued this year from the
Greenland seas. and which still affect
the Atlantic near Newfoundland.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
A Mexican Graveyard.

1t may have been the doIefuI effect OF
our feelings that decided US to drive
over to the Mexican graveyard 1t is
of small compass aud rests on the side
of mountain. The Texans tell US
death occurs here from the too frequent
use of six-shooters rather than disease.
The size of this graveyard, or eel muer
to-" eorroborates this stat! msnt. 1t
seems impossible for the Mexicans to
free themselves from adobe, even after
death, The bodies are placed in adobe
tomLs to Keep them from the coyotes
that infe.t this region. Some Of these
tombs are already almost completely
demolished by these hungry animals.
The bricks look light and as though
easily crumbled, but on trying to move
one found it as heavy as stone of the
same size. Blocks of wood, bearing
Spanish inscriptions, were inserted IN
the heads OF the tombs. They take no
pains to beautify eel mureto." INSIDE a
green railing was buried an American
mother and child. The gate of the lot
was padlocked an unnecessary precau-
ton. as the railing was low enough to
scale or hight enough to be taken up and
carried off, paddock and all.
We also drove down to see them
making adobes. They nakean "acequai
by drawing the water through ditch
from the creek to where the adobes are
to be made. This water, clay and
chopped hay form the adobe material.
The workers presented a picturesque
appearance the red handkerchiefs bound
about their foreheads contrasting with
their bronzed skins, glittering eyes and
dark hair. They wore gay-colored shirts
and pants that might have been white
Mt the embarkation of Noah's ark Ihey
were rolled high above the knees. Two
of the men stool knee-deep in the mud,
with which they loaded an oblong litter,
trotting with it to man on the hill
above, who moulded the bricks. He
had hollow, rectangular frame, three
inches in depth and divided in the
centre.
Placing this on the ground he filed
it with mud from the litter, smoOthed
the mud even at the top, and raising
the litter, left two bricks on the ground
while the two men trotted back ant
again loaded the litter. After these
adobes dry OH the top they are turned
sideways to harden IN the sun A
night they are carefully covered witt
tarpaulin, in case of rain, which destroys
them if it falls before they are harden
ed. The Mexicans, in building thell
houses. hollow out a place in front O
the building, where the ''act quai" Il
formed to make the adobe, and whel
the house Is finished use this hollow fol
debris.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
$~$
A Costly House.

II is estimated that, when finished,
the new house which the Marquis OF
Rute is building on the site of the house
of uountstuart, near Rothesay In Scot
land will have cost at least 81 ,25o, 600.
He expects that it will be ready for use
NEXT summer. In the meantime an ex-
tansiye force of workmen, who other
,r;sa would not have employment from
him will be engaged on a large reser-
yo,r and splendid water-works wnich 'he
Marou;s has recently determined to con
struct.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
Thistle. and Golden Rod.

The early part of September is the
time to gather this ties for room embell-
ishment There may be some who do
not know how to transform them INTO
the winte puffy balls which are sod in
the stores and on the street. For such
the following: Gather them when in
full bloom; those gathered little early
will bloom IN water Holding by the
pink top, insert pocket-knife under
the green points nearest the stem and
bend them back. They Will readily
break Off and the longer points will
follow easily. The next thing to do Is
to pull out the pink; if they are fully
bloomed this can be done without taking
any of the white, silky fibres that are
laid bare on removing the green. Hang
them then by the stems IN sunny win
dow few days aud yoI have delicate
pretty things to I'LL the vases when the
garden and wild flowers are gone. They
may also be used effectiv, ly IN cOniunc-
ton with autumn leaves to cover picture
Ords. Then it is better 10 cut off the
string stems and string the balls on
threads. Large punches of golden rod
seem to be the correct street decoration
for the cOrsage. They are worn at the
belt or just over the heart. The addI-
| ton OF two or three larg G thistles gives
one a very formidable. touch me-not
appearance. The miss who dares wear
them has presumably learned the secret
Of handling the prickly things, which Is
simply to press the hand firmly and
with the courage that will grow with
experience, in the direction of the
points. that is, toward the purplish-pink
4
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
Jurors in France.

In France fourteen jurors are drawn
for each trial-twelve to form the jury
and two to act as substitutes in case of
sickness. The two substitutes are
sworn and sit in the Jury box, but take
no part in finding the verdict unless
they are required to fill vacancy.
Unanimity is not required III finding a
verdict, but there must he a majority
q eisbs 90 four to carry conviction.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-09-20
INENTIiDE.

When dew lay thick on Ine clOyer
Where the hOar frost cleaned before,
The grey. bowed form of the good wife
Came out from the cottage door.
once again she bent 10 listen;
The waterfalls monotone
Sang on through the dark Old forest
Like a child that sings alone.
In The sweet, impatient beauty
OF blossoms, and grass, and tree,
She counted the seven colors,
Where the snow waste used 10 bc.
And like bees that fstten under
The burden of sweet they tear,
The staggering winds could hardly
Lift fold Of her thin, white hair
'.Or even the winds of autumn
VIII rend the shivering corn"
she said, II shall end the story
That began when was born
"Right glad are my eyes while watching
TRe dip OF the silent Oar,
To look al the old, old sp!endOrs,
They have watched so Oft before"
$50 gently, easily flowing,
never have dreamed would be
The course OF the beautiful river,
That bears me into the sea"
Morning journal and courier., 1882-02-21
COMMUNICATIONS.
The Future of the Fourth Estate.

The Future OF the Fourth Estate.
To the Editor of the JOURNAL COURIER:
Margaret Fuller, it is said, once wished for
the company of the dear old Greeks, who
talked everything, not to shine, but to learn,
to teach" We are of those who believe that
the newspaper, or Fourth estate" as it has
been called, is to take the place of those old
Greeks, and to Guido them in wisdom 1t is
true that the newspaper is not yet managed
always in the interests of truth and wisdom.
The interests of the pocket, or party, and of
power are, still predominant. Political ad-
venturers, municipal plunderers, rich and
strong corporations, and avaricious center
PRISE still largely control its character, and
in some cases, perhaps, entirely But there
are newspapers whose aim it is to be true
and free from corruption, aud the number of
such is growing. Indeed one may reasona-
bly, hope that the time is not far distant
when the character of the fourth estate will
be of a very high order; when, educated to a
BILE public sentiment, the newspaper will not
bend to selfshness nor cringe to power, but
speak the truth for the sake of the people.
We also think that it will enlarge its sphere
of usefulness. 1t already sewers certain
classes of men very completely. 1t comes
home" to men of business as never before.
But there is q large class whom it does not
serve SO we'll This class comprises all who,
working for wages, and precluded by the
ture of their work or the smaIlness of their
means, from reading much else but the news.
paper 1t is true that they find a good fund
of news and useful information; but it is
generally news and information which is of
more especial use to merchants and manu-
facturers; and too much valuable room is
occupied with news of lower order-ac-
counts of the political squabbles of office
seekers, details of crime and records of all
kinds of wrong doing. The kind of news or
information which would be of particular
interest to workingmen is seldom in the Or
binary newspaper. One must look for it in
papers issued especially for workingmen.
But the trouble with such papers is that they
are liable to be governed entirely by the pref
udiees of the class for which they are pub
lished.
One of the greatest needs of all working
men is free and fair discussion in the daily
press of all questions and topics treated of in
the science known as political economy, or
economics" These questions are now seldom
fairly discussed, but are left to the heated con-
troversies of political campaigns. But moth
ing can be well learned in such times. fair
study of these questions demands an impair
tial mind and quiet time. The war and its
excitement are over, and the time seems
ripe for such study of economical
| questions AS a sample of the sort of