Saturday press. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1880-1885, 1882-01-14


tains about 80 per cent juice, but it is
impossible to work ont the whole OF this
quantity OF juice. BY the best presses
one may. when the canes are laid very
carefully on the cane carrier, which feeds
the rolling work, attain 10 to IS per cent.
juice, but by the daily work is oniy reach
ed about 65 per cent. The juice again
contains about Is per cent. sugar. Every
where means are being tried by which to
get more out of the Juice, for not until
then it may be possible for the sugar cane
TO compete with the sugar beetroot from
which nearly the entire juice may be ex
tracted. The continuance which is to be
| employed must necessarily be rinsing
apparatus, and in the construction of a
common sugar-boilery had also been taken
due regard to such possibility.
THE PIPE CONDUCTING.
| The juice being now prepared in such
manner as not to ferment is led out into
pipe-conductor which leads it from the
stations to the chief factory. The pipe
conductors from the stations are of 4
inches diameter; the diameter of the
chief conductor increases with i inch for
every new branch conductor which is
added, and is consequently at the last
station inches in diameter; the juice has
never in the conductors n greater velocity
than II feet in second. What had ap
peared at the trials in 1875 was confirmed
when the conductors were laid down. for
no doubt, in the beginning, the whole con
ductor often got into state of fermenta-
ton, but this was to be ascribed to maley-
olence or negligence on the part OF the
negroes, and it was not repeated, when the
engineers learnt how to make n little analy-
sis of the juice. The conductors are
everywhere laid down in bitches by the
wayside and have therefore besides the
advantage of being much cheaper to lay
down and work than a tramway for the
conveyance of the canes; also this advan-
tage. that no charges by appropriation are
needed. On all spots where the conduc-
tors are placed high up there are air
cocks, on all spots that are situated low
there are taps; and besides, numerous
stop valves are applied in such reciprocal
distances that in case of a rupture on the
conductors, there can at no time be lost
juice to greater amount than about LOCO
Kroner On account Of the surface of the
ground the conductor is getting more
raised over the level of the sea rs its dia-
meter is getting wider, and as the whole
system of conductors has been tried with
pressure of 20 atmospheres, the security
against rupture is greater for the wider
part of it than for the narrower part.
The juice is pressed by means Of force
pumps with large wind kettles, into the
conductor from the chests on the stations
mentioned above. AT two stations where
the pressure on the conductor was very
great 120 to $50 lbs. per square inch,} the
wind kettles prove to be too small and
had therefore to be replaced by larger
ones.
, THE CHIEF FACTORY.
From the pipe conductor the juice runs
out in two sheltered beton .cisterns above
the chief factory In order that ono here
shall not be in want of juice, if there
, should happen any interruption in the
supply, these cisterns are so large that
each of them can contain one days pro-
, duce, say about 1,000,0001bs. of juice
. From the cisterns the juice is brought
down to the chief factory. BY the
: last heat of the steam coming from the
, evaporation apparatus it is heated up tc
, 60o and is then led to four saturation
vessels where it is saturated with carbonic
acid in order to sever the lime; the dis
solution clears it at tho same time as the
foreign ingredients which it contains
, whites of eggs, cerasin, Ia kind of wax
phosphoric salts and oxalic acid salts
become sediment together with the car
bonic acid lime. The carbonic acid is leo
through perforated copper plug, which
} is placed at the bottom of the saturatior
vessels, and is further improved in a lime
' kiln which has the shape of Il shaft and il
. heated by generated gus from u generator
!, of common construction and placed lit
tie apart from the kiln. The limekilr
: works increasingly and is able to burr
: about 10,000fbs. of lime daily with /;
o consumption of fifteen barrels of Wales
t Goals. The gas is going through /;
o horizontal canal made of brick-work to TIN
/ kiln in whose vertical gas canal is placed
# turning valve The vertical gas canal end
n in acircular one from which again aperture
,. lead into the kiln. The latter is file,
$ from above with limestone, and the burn
h ed lime is drawn out from below havin.
o first impaired its heat to the air which j
y getting in through tho aperturcs for tn
). drawing out, which air is necessary to tn
" combustion. The kiln is consequently
y real generator kiln. The escaping ga
=. sorts contain 20 % per cent. carbonic acid
y Now the juice is getting slight boiling
y with steam and is then brought down to
A. reservoir. From the latter it is led b.
S, means OF forcc pump through tilte
10 presses OF common construction wit
ls twenty. four rooms and from these to
Il second reservoir, where it is brought +
IN boil by means of steam plug. Next it
he led by pump to the bone coal filters,
40 row of cylinders of wrought iron file
30 with bone coal by which the juice is di
colored, and from these to the evaporatio
apparatus consisting of three joints, j
Is, which it is condensed by evaporation b
nd means of the waste steam from all til
of engines OF the factory. Tho apparatr
he consists of three vertical cylindric;
On bodies in each of which is found n systel
he of great number of erect reeds, and
~ which the juice by degrees is condense
~ more and more during the boiling. I'll
,r steam is going outside the pipes, tho juit
ly inside. In the first cylinder tho stca
be- has temperature of 100 > therefore IL
ed juice cannot be made to boil until
so vacuum is made above it of about
20 inches quicksilver height; the steam
70. then condensed in the first cylinder, IL
n juice is being cooked and the steam pr
of duced thereby is passing over to Il
rd second, but the steam is now not 100
IN, but only 90o and can therefore not NAL
NO the juice in the second apartment b,
tn until a still greater vacuum is made abo
cd this IL inches quicksilver height, NJ
er in the same manner must be produced
IN, tho third cylinder about "A inches
ed vacuum. BY the vacuum the juice fro
10 the one cylinder is also sucked into Il
..Al -. n 4