New-York tribune., 1882-03-12
LYING DEATH-GEFNS.
From The CoyatiH.

60 far as the researches OF Pastruro on pebrine are
concerned, we have not vet seen the way to any
means of safety from the contagious diseases which
affect human beings. We cannct Kill al diseased
persons in order that may get nd OF the disease
Even more remarkable than his Investigation Of
the siIkwOrm disease Pasteurs Inyestiga tloD Of
the disease known as spleBir fever which affects
horses. cattle and sheep on the continent In the
raDidi.y of its action this disease known also as
anthrax and 20 chaTbon y resembles the black
plague In bad case, death ensues IN the course Of
twcuyfour hours IN less severe cases the creature
attacked suffers greatly, and retains the traces OF
the attack during the rest OF ITS lfe IL Is stated
that between the years 1867 and 1870 no less than
$4,000 deaths occurred among horses cattle ana
sheep in the district Ot NOygorOd, IN Russia, wllle
5GS human beings pershed 10 whom the disease
had been somehow communicated. In France the
disease j. very prevalent, and many prOprlctors
have been ruined by the entr. destruction OF heir
focks and herds Ii is said that a malady which
occurs among the WOOlsorteTs at Bradford often
proving fatal l. n modification Of anthrax com
nunicated by the wool Of sheep which have suffered
In 1850 NM Rayer and Devaiue discovered mi
mute transparent Todke bodie. in the blood Of AMI
maj, which had suffered from this disease. Koch, a
German physician, then scarcely known, showed
that these objects are of q fUugOd nature. and
traced the various stages Of their existence. Conn
obtained Simi ar results, as did Ewar IN England;
The growth of the producing rods as studied
under micros .opIc examination, Is rs follows: ::
First. germs of extreme minufcn'Ns are seen
IN the form OF simple tubes with transverse DIVISIONS
next, minutes aOis appear NIHCn tlaI-e 4h' 't;A-
shaped bodies lying i'm rows WIthIh te tU'eo; la>IJ,
the rods break np. freeing the OYOld germs. III ma,
been shown tnat the Iuluutesi drop OF Tn" nulu
containing these germs, If conveyed into another
portion of cultivated uId, initiates the same process
of growth and reprOduo tIon and TINS Inay De re-
psated many times without any impairment 0l lie
potency Of the germs, which When introduced uy
iuOcuatiOn INTO the bodies OF rabbits, gulned-plgS
ana mice, develop II them all the characteristic
phenomena of ~plcIlc fever. hoch tuTthci ascertain
ed" continues Dr. Carpenter from whom tGr auoNe
passage is quoted, that the blood OF animals That
uccuInbed to this disease might bc dried ana kept
mn Et4 nI y fyrtl
dust. without 10 ing IL power OF iniecl0I.
PasteuI, first t.ps IL lnqurlnF mo TINS disease
were characterized by the same keenncsS oi ludE-
meut which he displayed in inXeS.ig1tlng Ie17Hs.
He ascertaIned that "charbon" would "iien ap-
pear IN its most mai gnaut form among sheep Iced
ing in seemingly hraltAy pastures, where t-rIe
were no known causes Of infection. he found on
iuuuiry that ANIMALS winch years before had dtd
in those regions had been buried ten or
twelve feet below the surface, 80 ihat II
seemed obvious they could have had nothing
70 do with the reappcarance of the maiady. But
IN Inquiries IN such cases as these, fdsIeHr htH
taught u7 that what obviously cannot Dt mas an
uuf1rfunatrlV perpleNiug fashion OF turning out 10
br precisely what il. He quickly became persuaded
that m some way the germs of the disease supposed
10 he buried out of the way three on four yards De-
meath The soil reached the surface ana originated
fresh attacks OF the "chaT1On pestlltnce he
tound i'm earth WOrms-thOse creatures winch oar
win mas recently shown 10 be such Important worn
er. in the earth's cTlsj-the cause OF the Iou"io'
He VA, rldiculrd, of course. But ne mas IoupiC-
some way of turning ridlcule upon those VINO iaugh
at him Collecting worms from pastures where the
ji.-a.e had reappear-d be made an extract OF tne
contents Of their almentary canals, and found mar
the uocuiatIOn OF rabbits and gunea-plg~ Win 'hls
extract gave them the severest Iorm or charo0h'
due to the multiplication IN their circulating
OF the deadly an hraA- bac!Ius IlliS ~ ~ we -
way science has Of describing the dl,ra5e-seii1s,
with which their blood was tounG after dellh u
be loaded" ,i., IL
covered another way in which ant liraN has peeh
comWuuiratrd lie found that herds affected with
il had been ted with brewers grains suppHed rom
common source. " and On examining mlcrOscoplcatJ
a sample Of these grains, they were sen 10 oo
swarmInC with tine deadly bdclliu'' "liI'n' "I1-
once it has found It's way among tneh' ,.gIO"s anu
multiplies with extraordinary rapullS. g. =.
Bur now comes the point when iehderS lIIs ~
ouiry important to ourselves. The poison germs
are small visible only IN the mIcIo''oPyI'
but they are flngod, and Ihe laws OF ther CROWN
and development are as deterninaDle WlIh nuittpiS
care a. the laws OF the growth ah9 ueNelOpuen, Vi
the mOnarchs OF a forest. No" Whatefel m ~ I,,J @
grows and produces creatures after us own h!lu'
"A hether animal OF vegetable, can De CuillEdIe".
Nith due care and watCnfulness IL may De eIieIcu
in type and character Ji,t as me me Whu NM nro
aucing the towers and fruits Ol our gardens anu
hOthOuses- -. A.. .,,..ii.i,,. of tho
mitigation of the poison Dy culture nav Dec aJ
comUletely determined; % that the disease PIoueen
bv the lnOculatIOa OF his cultivated virus S naS
be rendered trivial ls 10 b: scdlteiy WI u ii
III ,nethd con,i,t, in cultiVating the OaclIlls III
rurat-uice or chicken-broth, u Wmch accch7 oi al
l. permitted while dust ~ rA'iu"cu' auN ~ M
atln,,Iu certain time 10 elapse before IL - lhi.Ie
,Ss n1 in inOculation experiments. IL the
psriod does not exceed Two months the
potency OF the bacillus Is little diniinI'tou te,,
NM If The interval be extended to three or ,louI
uuI ~ i. tolnd that though animals iIOculsted
with the organism take the DISEASE they hE1 II ia
"A miIder form, and a cOnId' TaDiu piupolt,,on ,S
sn,ar. vhiist il the time be still further prolonged
ssy 10 eight months the disease prooueed by i so
;iJ a. nj to be at all serious, the lbOcu!afed am
% ulliu % sid r.gaiuing perfect health and ylgOr.
Nov N we consider what has been done Ia TINS
-. va hail recognize the probability. II not Tie
absolute promise OF protect0h DTins op,ais Paiasl
,nst sonns of the most terrible Ot the diseases
syhich affect the human race.