The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1882-03-30

treaty to strike their blow at labor.
without regard to character, intelli-
gence or skill. is fully disclosed in an
interview with Mr.. Swift, one of the
commissioners, reported by San
Francisco paper, and never, as far as
have heard. disavowed. This is from
the account of the interview as put-
liShed at the time:
Mr.. John F. Swift, of the commi ssioners TO
bv San francisco Chronicle reporter, Mr.. Swift
says in answer I" questions of the reporter
WHAT ARE ''LABoRERs?'
'.ThR ohiecron has been rasad' said the reportpr.
that the ah"rer in the treaty will admit of danger
There Is no such nossihlitv:" replied MIR. Swift.
70" nrrr t pr %
the Chinese commissioners conceded the point by
Ma had a"
ka Ed . a h word nd
TO call weaver one Is to nse the word II ts narr"w
sretc" 4 to include even rsicians and those who
labor with their brains Why the chinese c1mmiss-
would Include even con. .uls."
w. ,haI the trratv viii be confirmed ny the Senator
81 have no doubt fit" he a. answered; and that not
R-puhlran ard D99ccr.,is senstors viii he Of accord
enactins laws enforce it l have no idea
Mr.. FARLEY. Will the Senator
allow me to ask him from what paper
thai. is an extract?
Mr.. HOAR. l am not able to an
swer the question at this moment. 1t
was a very full interview with Mr.
Swift, given evidently verbatim, not
in substance by the reporter, but the
actual language, and copied all over
the United States and never disavow-
ed. The Senator himself. I think.
moved an amendment to the bill to
carry out Mr.. Swift's prophecy, by
PROPOSING to add section that the
word ''laborers" should be held to in
clude all laborers, whether skilled or
unskilled.
Mr.. FARLEY. | beg the Senator's
pardon. That amendment was offered
by the honorable Senator from Ore
gon. Mr. Grover
Mr. HOAR. | beg the Senator's
pardon myself. | was thinking at the
moment that the Senator from Cali
fornia offered 1t. Here is declaration
made by a compact between the two
greatest nations Of the Pacific, and
now to he re-enforced by solemn act
of legislation, which places in the
public law of the world and in the
jurisprudence of America the princi-
pie that it is fit that there should
hereafter be distinction in the treat
ment of men by governments and in
the recognition Of their rights to the
pursuit Of happiness by a peaceful
change of their homes, based not on
conduct, not on character, bnt upon
race and upon occupation. You may
Justly deny to the Chinese what you
may not justly deny to the Irishman
You may deny to the laborer what
you may not deny to the scholar or tc
the idler. And this declaration is ex.
torted from unwilling China by the
demand Of America With panpprs
lazzaroni. harlots. persons afflicted
with pestilential diseases, laborers are
h nceforth to be classed in the emu
mrrations Of American public law.
Certainly, Mr.. President, this is an
interesting and important transaction
1t is impossible to overstate or to cal
cnlate the consequences which are
likely to spring from a declaration
made by the United States limiting
human rights, especially declaration
in treaty which is to become the in
ternational law governing thrse two
great nations. AS my friend from
California Mr.. Miller we'll said. it is
Of the earth, earthly. The United
States within twenty years has taken
it's place MS the chief power on the Pa
cific. Whatever rivalry or whatever
superiority we may be compelled to
submit to elsewhere. our advantage of
position, unless the inferiority be in
ourselves, must give us superiority
there. Are we to hold out two faces
to the world. one to Europe and an
other to Asi.2 Or are we to admit
that the doctrine we have proclaimed
so constantly for the first century Of
our history is mere empty phrase or
lie?
For myself and for the State of
Massachusetts,, so far as it is my priv
ilpge to represent her. refuse consent
to this legislation | will not consent
to denial by the United States Of the
right of every man who desires to i'm
prove his condition by honest labor
his labor being no mans property but
his nwn-to go anywhere on the face
of the earth that he pleases.
l have said thst this bill seems to
me to violate the provisions of the
treaty it processes to execute. 1t does
more. 1t confers on every collector
Of customs the authority to seize and
fnrcibly remove from the country,
without trial or legal process, every
determine to be in the United States
in violation Of its provisions. The
alien laws Of June 25 and July 7. 1898,
passed when war was deemed immi-
nent. at a time of great and dangerous
excitement, conferred upon the Presi-
dent of the United States for period
limited to two years the power to Or
der out of the country aliens whose
presence he might Judge dangerous to
its peace, and gave him the further
authority in case of actual war to
cause the removal Of resident aliens
natives or citizens Of the hostile ma
ton.
These acts, passed against the pro-
test Of Hamilton, went far to cause
the downfall of an administration.
The alien law was oyerthrown because
it intrusted the highest officer of the
Government, the great constitutional
lawyer and lover of liberty, John
Adams, with the power for two years
to order the removal of a single per-
son whose presence for good cause he |
1eemed dangerous to the public peace.
But here local officer Of the smallest |
customs district may, yes, must, forci-
bly, seize and expel, without tlial Or
judicial hearing, the Chinese whom he