The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1882-08-19

opposition and in the belief that they had put
up job on US, They relied upon the make
weight of the Senate, David Davis But the
commission of their own constitution heard
the evidence and decided against them
THE REPUBLIC
The republic il not yours to keep unless you
pay its price every year. That price is eternal
viligance. You must keep it in its purity.
A KING, or man of wealth, or a man devot-
ed to science can get along without republic,
but how can We get along without II? IL
stretches its hands down to the people and lifts
them up, while monarchy pats its hands out
and presses them down. The speaker here pre-
sented beautiful and eloquent 1liustraton
from the noble career of the amented GARFIELD
He traced that career from the bare-footed boy
through the successive stages OF the schools,
colleges, Legislature, the army, Congress, the
Presidency, until after painful illness, porne
with Christian resignation and heroic fortltuoe
he stood beside Lincoln and Washington III
Heaven,
TAXATION.
Mr. Frye next took up the question OF taxa
ton N connection with the charge that the
Republican party is burdening the poor people.
he said that $500, 600 year were required
to pay pensioners and the interest on the pab-
lie debt, and to meet tho current expenses OF
the government. Where are we TO get it? Last
year we got $69, 900, 600 from the tax on whis-
key. Did you pay any of it? These women
present did not. You need not have paid one
cent of it. 1t would be glorious thing II tne
people of Maine had not paid any OF 1t. Inc
Democrats have fought like tigers IN
every Congress to cut this TAX o9w OWL
They want the tax taken of OF both
whiskey and tobacco. They know what BUR
dens fall on their party. We received last year
100000 from the tax on tobacco. MOI a
man woman or child need pay a cent OF that
tax You are not obliged to do so. We re-
ceived SIG, 600 900 from the tax on beer. Not
one cent of this need any one pay. Here we
have $13S, 900, not a dollar OF which are
any of us compelled TO pay. That's treating
on the poorl Banks and bankers pay $6.OO0,-
600. Matches pay So, 100000. You have pay
that, and it will amount to perhaps twenty
cents year for family. Three times nave
the Republicans endeavored to take OH tnat
tax. and been defeated by the Democrats. In
the very last session the Democrats III tao oeh-
ate, headed by Bayard, the cleanest OF the lot,
defeated measure for taking off this tax be.
cause we would not consent to reduction OF
the tax on whiskey and tobacco. About $z,-
600, 600 are derived from perfumery, cosinetics,
patent medicines, etc. Here We have total
of $149 0o0 and with the exception OF |
the tax matches, net one cent OF 1t is
any one compelled to pay. Where DO we
get the rest OF the money? From the |
tariff. Plasted calls it law of horrors, and |
says it is designed to make the rich richer and |
the poor poorer. The Democratic platform on |
which he stands calls Tor its repeal and de. |
mands free trade. Now if Democratic prn- |
ternal revenue taxes and abolish the tariff, |
where are we to get the $500, 100000 to carry |
on the government?-perhaps the Democrats |
do not want to carry it on. There is only one |
way and that is by direct taxation. How are |
wa to collect the tax under the Constitution? |
1t must be apportioned by the number OF IN
habitants and collected pro rata. lt would |
amount to about rs per capita. On the OASIS
of population Of $780, 000 Names share would |
be S3,700,000. think you would have anoth-
or taxpayers party heres How would the mon |
ey be collecsed2 The United States would APP |
point tax collectors for the State OF Maine. |
That is what we would come to II the Demo-
cratic policy was carried out Have | misstat- |
ed their position? / would not knowingly |
make misstatement.
THE REPUBLICAN FINANCIAL POLICY.
Mr.. Frye then explained how the Republ-
can party had managed the finances OF the |
government 1t came into power IN 1861 and |
found the treasury ban Srupt A great war was
begun. Billions of money were wanted, and |
YOU paid it like men. We had only half the !
country to tax. When the war was over we |
began to reduce taxation. The speaker re-
ferred to the war taxes which had been aDol-
taken off; leaving only those before enumerat-
ed.
REVIEW OF THE TARIFF.
The tariff was reviewed at length, and the |
benefits of protection clearly illustrated. We |
derive from silks, ribbons and velvets some
~O>NNSN
You think imported goods are better than those
of home manufacture. You go down to the |
Provinces and buy bottle of brandy manu-
featured in this country and bring it home and |
think you have got genuine Hennessy. We
have placed duties on brandy, champagne ci-
gars, snuff, sc. Do any of you see anything
you suffer from there? Will some one tell me !,
one thing you are compelled to buy to get this |
money we derive from the tariff. There is one |
thing, and that is sugar. The yearly consump- |
ton in this country is about forty pounds per |
capita. It is taxed 30 per cent. You must pay |
it. We raise but small part OF the quantity |
required, and it is only grown in the State OF
Louisiana. The speaker said that while |
member of the Ways and Means committee he
had labored for six months to get the tax on
sugar reduced to % per cent, but the Demo
Gratis on the committee had voted him down.
Why? Because Louisiana raises the whole
crop of this country, and Louisiana is Demo
cratic State. We put 25 per cent. on sugar in
1875 TO raise money. The Secretary of the
Treasury came to us and said he needed more |
money and that was the easiest way TO get It,
The tax should have been taken off long ago. |
bat the Democrats would not allow 1t to be |
taken off Let any Democrat take mo to TASK /
now if l am inisstating their position
DEMOCRATIC ASSERTIONS REFUTED.
But the Democrats say the taxation is every
where; on trace chains, on beds, on cloths, etc.
Don't we pay it on cloths. No. Let me illus
trate. In 1860 there were three cloth manu-
factories in this country, employing 1000 men.
In 1861 were put duty on cloth. In 1870
there were 273 manufactures OF worsted goods,
employing Is 900 men; in 1889 the number or
factories had been further increased and 81 900
men were employed. In price the goods were
SO per ceut cheaper than they were before the
duty was put on. This was the result OF COM
petition. Before England and Germany had |
made the price. With no manufactures IN
this country they had it all their own way. AS
the number OF mills increased and competition
became stronger the inventive genius OF our
people was called into play. New machinery
was introduced and the cost of manufacture
lessened And as to the workmen they re-
ceiye 40 per cent more wages than they did
twenty years ago. Who pays this dufy on
cloth? Mr.. Frye made a similar showing OF
the silk industry, showing that under the pro
tective duty silk is 40 per cent. cheaper than it
was III 1860. Pottery is As per cent. cheaper,
and there ia only one State in the Union
Florida-that does not make pottery. 20
through the list, and it shows that prices have
gone down by reason of competition. The |
gpssker contrasted the protective system with |
free trade Canada had tried free trade and |
had abandonedit. Now she was refining sugar |
and making cotton goods instead OF getting her |
sugar and cloths from this country. Some |
striking illustrations were given OF the pros
Derity which attended Ireland under protec, |
ton, and he poverty and degradation into |
which she was driven by free trade. He re- |
minded his hearers Oh the time when TINS
country sent shipleads of food to the starving /
people of Misunderstanding from British free |
trade The thousands. driven out of ireland
under this system had found homes in this |
country. They had helped fight our war for |
freedom; they had built our railroads; the |
doors of our school houses were opened to their |
chldren-yet nine ous of every ten OF these |
men will go to the polls and vote for free trade.
WHAT A TARIFF MEANS. |
Men should understand what tariff means. |
The veal or woe of this country depends upon |
it. The speaker then proceeded to give an il
lustration, that any child could understand, of
the workings of protective tariff. He pro- |
posed to build mill in one place which would |
represent America, and another in another,
which would stand for Germany, the raw ma
terial to be free to both. In this report we will
use for convenience the names Of the two
countries. The prices quoted for labor were
from official reports, and are about fifty per
cent higher in this country than in Germany.
The German mill would cost 100000 to build
and the American mill 100000 OF the cost
of machinery 90 per cent is for labor, ii we go
back to the raw material The necessary ma
chinery would cost here $4,000; in Germany
SIS 600 Now as to the wages OF operatives
Here women would receive rs cents to $1.25,
and men So cents to $175 per day. N Germa-
ny girls would be employed at 10 to 80 CENTS.
Is