Savannah morning news. [volume] (Savannah) 1868-1887, 1882-06-03


ever. was apparently more that Of the
sdventurer than the patriot He was
born at Nice on the 4th Of
July, 1897. He was brought up
by his father as sailor,
and it was to the wandering life conse-
quent upon his profession, added to his
innate restlessness and perhaps IN
restrainable ambition for notoriety, which
led to the worldwide reputation which
he schieved for himself.
His first notable appearance before the
world was in February, 1894, when, on
account Of his revolutionary views, he
was exiled from Italy, which exile led
him, after various wanderings, into Rio
Janeiro, Brazil. Here he entered into
business, and led a retired life until in
duced to enter the service Of the Repub-
lie of Uruguay, then fighting for indie
pendence. In this war he acquitted him
self with credit and did good service
for the republic whose cause he bad
espoused. Upon the cessation Of hostili-
ties he returned to Montevideo, the
capital Of Uruguay, where he gained a
subsistence as a teacher until Rosas, the
dictator of Buenos Ayres, declared war
against Uruguay, and laid siege TO
MontevideO. Upon this he organized an
Italian legion, and by his exertions con-
tributed largely to saving the capital
from the besiegers.
In 1S4S he sailed from South America
to Italy, where he espoused the cause of
the enemies Of Pspal supremacy in
Rome. In this contest he gained in
creased reputation for bravery and skill
as a general The Pope, however, was
supported by the French, and Garibaldi
aud his confederates were finally
entirely repulsed and disbanded,
while he himself was forced to become
a fugitive, and the punishment Of death
was decreed to any one who sheltered
him or mlnistered in any way to his
wants. Owing to the hardships which
ensued, his wife, Anna Garibaldi, whom
he had married in South America.
died. and he was himself arrested and
conducted to Genoa. Again was he
banished the country, and he made hii
way to the United States, and settled or
Staten Island, New York, where he
engaged in the manufacture of candle:
until he could once more resume his sea
faring life.
In the beginning Of 1859, on the
breaking out of the war with Austria
he was invited by the Sandman Govern
ment to form a corps which afterwards
became celebrated as "The Hunters OIL
the Alps" He rendered valuable service
to the italian cause during this war
| gaining several very important vic
tories over Austria. In May 1860
he sailed from Genoa for Sicily.
and, capturing Palermo and Messina.
became dictator of the island. He ther
crossed the Straits, and, on the follow
ing September, entered Naples and wor
a victory on the Volturno, where he wa:
Joined by the Sandman army, and com
pleted the overthrow of King Francis
The kingdom of the Two Sicilies wa!
now merged in that of Italy, and Carl
baldi resigned his dictatorship and re
tired to the island of Caprera.
In 1861 he was elected a member Of
the Italian Chamber of Deputies, and il
1862 was appointed General-in-C Chief Of
the National Guard. While engaged il
enl:sting volunteers for this guard be
published an appeal to the Hungarians tC
rise against Austria, and this brought
him into collision with his own govern
ment. Several of his officers and
men were arrested and dismissed
and he retired to Caprera and
began to plan an attack
on Rome. He was opposed by the
French under Napoleon Ill, and on the
18th of August, near Aspromonte, wa:
signally defeated, nearly all his force OIL
1900 men being captured, while he him
self was wounded ard became prisoner
He was released in October and permitted
! to return to his island, but IN 1866 he again
engaged in war against Austria, though
the war ended without his gaining any
fresh laurels In 1867 he organized an
other army for the conquest of Rome,
but he was unsuccessful and was arrested
by his own government, and sent
prisoner to Caprera. He succeeded
in escaping, however, joined the
insurgents on the Roman frontier, and or
the Goth of October defeated the Papa
troops at Monte Rotondo. He was or
the Sd of November, however, himself
defeated by the French and Papal forces
at Montana, and on his way back tC
| Caprera was arrested and imprisoned
His protest as an Italian deputy and
American citizen secured his release il
few weeks, and he again retired tC
his island home, where he lived il
retirement for some time. But his res
tive spirit would not permit him to re
main in inactivity, and in October, 1870
on the establishment of the French Re
public, he offered his services to the
government. Here he was made Genera
of Division in the French army
but had no opportunity to distinguish
himself. In February, 1871, ht
was elected as deputy to the National AS
sembly, but soon after resigned his sea-
in that body, as well as his commission
and once more returned to Caprera
Since this period he has not been specially
prominent before the public, having beer
more or less all the time in bad health
doubtless the effect of his hard and ad
venturous life.
1t will thus be seen that Garibald
merits, as we have said, more the appel
lation Of adventurer than patriot, as ht
claimed citizenship under three nation
alities-the American, the Italian and the
French. He was, however, REGARDED
| nj ouov, uaporafioy