The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1882-10-27
The iuarmen. Of these men.

70 prosecute the war, thus hoping to
oempel the government " close the
war, nolsns volems. The people Of New
England then, as nov, were largely en-
gagged in commerce with Great Britain,
aad this trade, Of course, was complete
ly paralyzsd by the war, hence their
bitter opposition. They were attempt
ing 10 abregaGs the act Of Congress
declaring war was In plain violation OF
Section 8, Art. Of the constitution OF
the Uaited States, which declares
Congress to bs the sOar-makiag power.
Another attempt 10 exercise power
not belonging 10 State vas when
Calhoun, HAyne aud sthers claimed
the right of State to nullify within It's
limhs any act Of Congress which the
authorities Of the State deemed unoen.
stitutional. They justified this posi-
ton under the general doctrine Of State
rights. But Gen. jackson. for whom
Democrats have such proverbial admi-
ration, denied this claim Of power 70
nulliiy, aud, by his iron irmaess, as
chief magistrate OF the union. induced
the nulli6srs to pause and suspend ao-
.ion until Congress modified the tariff
Law which had aroused the opposition
Of the people Of South Carolina. In
both Of the above instances the right
therein claimed was determined 10 be-
long not to the States, but to the gensr.
al government.
Another instance Of carrying the
doctrias Of State rights beyond It's ls.
gitimate limits. was the passage OF what
was known Aa the personal liberty
billa" by several Of che old free States
ia $50, for the purpose Of nnllify-
ing the fugitive slave law. But the
nest noted case was tho claim set up
by the South in 1861. tina. the several
States Of the Unien bad the eOnstitu-
sionAl right to Peace.Lly seceds from
ths Union aud set up governments ot
their own. This il the doctrine that
was submitted 10 the decision OF the
force of arms aad, by decision Of that ar
hitrator, was lest.
Nary men in the Republic-a party
before the war, believed AMI taught ths
doctrins Of the right Of secession or
peaeeable revolution outside and he
yond all limits OF constitutional or stat.
utory provision or shsek.
But none Of the cases skoya mention
I'd exemplify the true doctrine Of State
rights as eaaneisssI by the Dsn'sorAtic
party since the days Of Jeffs's son and
Madison.
To fully understand the dsctrins u
State rights enc must sesk its origin IN
the preliminary stsps taken sy the col.
enists to FREQ themselves frsm the iroH
yoke Of British tyranny. The s,aden.
Of history viii Temtnbsr that before th,
bssaking out Of the War of the Rsvo-
Hutton, What we now call the Tbirteer
Original States were mere dependent
colonies or provinces. without Posasssi nj
lsny Of thn essential attributes Of State
ihood, OF the powers necessary to con
.stituts State. They were then suijec
10 Great Britain with no more powers o
Q State than now belong 10 . county o
ef . State. Bnt on the fourth Of July
l776, they selsmnly declared "that heS
tOere, and Of right ought 10 be, free aHo
independent States'
After war Of eight years, France
Great Britain, aad other foreign pew.
srs acknowledged the thirteen colonies
to be "fres and independent stites.
This made each coloRy States nation.
These thirteen States, sovereign 30 fal
as al political power is concerned, me.
in convention in 1857 and formed tbs
constitution Of the United States.
At the time these States met in con.
vention they were just as sovereign and
independent as Great Britain would
now be, were she to meet Germany,
France and other nations in convention
to adopt treaty by which they were 10
be governed in their commercial rels-
tions. Up to that time they had not
lost any of their attriIutes Of soyer-
sigAty, unless they were delegated by
the adoption Of the articles of confed.
eratisn, bat even If this were 80 these
articles of confederation were abregatsd
when the constitution was framed and
adopted by nine States.
IL - . Iact, ueducloe ITom tno con-
stitutien itself, that on the day that the
ninth State adopted the constitution
that it became operative, aud hence,
tho organic Law of the nine States that
had so adopted it. Itsis q historical
fact that New Hampshire was the ninth
State To adopt the constitution aud that
she did 50 June 81, 1888. Hence as q
legal and historical conclusion va see
that tbs constitution went into eiftct
Juue 81, 1888, aud, Of copse. tha a,-
tieles. of eosfeasFation became mill and