Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1882-10-04
AGRICuLTCRE.

KEEPING oSE Cow.-The mausgemeni
of single CIV differs from that gwen the
herd in the dairy, as she usually comes
under the cars OF the whole family, auc
posse sses a monopoly Of attention and pr
vileges that cannot be afforded under the
wholesale system. She is the dependence
of the poor farmer, and her place cannot bt
filed by any other animal. But II is quite
business to so manage the family COW
that she may be of the greatest service. but
how TO furnish her with green food is COM
monty an important question. Where
pasture can be had at a small cost advan
tage is usually taken of the opportunity,
but there are times and places IN which nc
such opportunity occurs. II the family
possesses q small piece of ground there
can be grown large variety of green feed
for early in the season a crop OF peas can
be grown for the family, the vines given
the COW, and the whole taken of in time
for some other crop. Small places are
made rich In such instances when all the
manure is given them, and for that reason
the seeding down Of one crop before the
first is removed is but the practice OF q
high system OF farming 10 when the small
farm and family COW have contributed
more than anything else, for it has CON-
PEELED the adoption of the best methods In
order TO attain success. Green corn can
be cut several times, if ouly fodder is wan
ted, and Hungarian grass will spring up
as fast as it is cut down. A few caDbages
put away IN the fall will help the COW
along in winter, and large crop OF carrots,
turnlps and beets, enough for one cow. can
be grown on one fourth of an acre, 10 say
nothing of the crop of millet that may be
quickly grown and stored away late in the
season. A jersey COW. or grade jersey,
is small, and better adapted for family
COW than any other breed. If butter is the
desiderafum; but the Holsteln or Ayrshire
is better for milk, and 1t is cheaper to keep
a good COW than a poor one. The owner
of farm of one acre in New York State
reports thai his cow gives him about five
hundred pounds of butter every year, but
II Is by good feeding and attention that she
does so; and, while he claims that the pro-
fit from her is large; he admits that his
COW would be an expense If she were an
inferior animal. 1t is best, therefore, TO
be willing 10 pay for q good COW. The
outlay, though large at first, will bring In
quicker snd surer return Than small ln-
vesiment in scrub. As the family COW
receives kindness as general thing from
all, The lesson to daIrymen is that by care
fully managing the herd, and treating each
COW with the best care, there is no reason
Why the profit may not proporiionateiy be
as great. The soiling system is the family
plan on wholesale basis.
FACTS ABOUT MILK. Cream cannot rise
through a great depth of milk. Ii milk is
therefore, Gesired TO retain cream for a
time, 1t should be put in a deep, narrow
dish; and if It be desired TO free 1t most
completely of cream. 1t should be poured
into broad, flat dish, not exceeding one
inch IN depth. The evolution of cream is
facilitated by rise, and retar.ed by de-
preston OF temperature. in wet ana cold
weather the milk is less rich than In dry
and warn;and on that account more cheese
is obtained in cold than IN warm, though
not in thundery weather. The season has
its effects. The milk in the spring Ia sup
posed 10 be best for calves, IN summer 1t
Is best suited for cheese, and IN autumn
the butter keeping better than that of sum-
mer. Cows less frequently MIXED than
Others give rich milk, and consequently
mt ch butter. The mornings milk is rich
er than the evenings. The last drawn
milk of each milking, at all times and sea-
sons, is richer than the first drawn, which
is the poorest.
The custom OF breaking down the leaves
and seed stem of onions is to prevent the
exhaustion of the bulb by the formation OF
the seed. Some growers do this as soon
as the leaves are full grown, by twisting
ana bending them Gown; as the bulb ls not
the root but the enlarged stem of the plant
this concentrates the force of the plant into
the bulb or stem, and so produces vigor-
GUS growth there. The practice may be
of questionable effect so far as this view is
but would certainly be useful
in case a seed stalk was forming, as the
production of seed would surely weaken
the bulb. The breaking down is done
when the bulb is well formed and the leaves
Iully grown.
TIE Practical Farmer gives the fol.
lowing sensible advice regarding ploughing:
There Is certain number of pounds
team can draw day after day and not wor-
ry them, but If a little more be added the
horses walk unsteady, fret and soon tire.
Every pound taken from the draugkt Is a
gain TO them. For any soil, except sand
and gravel, use a steel plough, and in
ploughing sod the Golfer does a great deal
Of the work, and should be kept shsrp by
grinding every day If necessary 1t will
wear out soon, bDt new Golfers are cheape.
than new teams. When the share is wcrB
replace it with new one at once"
THERE is no proht IN keeping an old
sheep, and just now is sn excellent time to
get rid OF thnm. Sheep are shorter lived
than most other farm animals, and almost
before one knows i: some of the best mem
bers of the flock Will begin to get old. Gull
them out and KEEP the flock young and
fresh. Under Ordinary circumstances six
or seven years is probably the limit OF a
sleeps useful life. If separated IRON the
1ock now and given run of good pasture
with very little grain they Will soon be
in condition for market, ami Can be dis
posed of to better advantage than later in
he season.
An invention has been patented by which
ensllage In silos is protected from the ef-
lects of cir. The door opening of the siIo
is provided with rarbets TO receive the ends
Ut the planks used TO close it. A piece OF
tarred felt paper, or any fabric impervious
% air anu moisture, is placed against the
inner sides OF the planks IN such a manner
that the covering overlaps the ends of the
planks and also laps down on the bottom
Of the silo, The ensIlage is packed against
me covering as the silo is filed, ard when
i is full a covCr of the fabric may be spread
Jver the top and the usual planks snd
weights Placed above it.
NOTWITHSTANDING the euorn GUS outflow
of population frrm Europe, and the simple
if not scanty diet of the poorer masses thai
remain, the probl EN- of food supply Is al
ready a serious one. The increase of pop-
ulaiIon is about 5000, 600 year, while
Ihe annual food product is equal only to
eleven months consumption. The rest,
sggregatIng nearly $4,000 tons of meat
and s, 5OO, 900 tons OF gram. las to to be
imported. The chef deficit is in the Bri-
rnt lEl. Ae oh 4