Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1882-11-15
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.
INTERESTING 30 FARMERS,

The system Of cooperation 10 fahee
is rapidly eHiendiag among farmers %
the purchase Of seeds, InanuFes and lm'
plemeBis of the first quality, The
membefs Oi the society bild lhemse YES
individually 10 guarantee tue pay meRt
Of all orders given
Farmers have often noticed that
Whefe green apples have been lefi On
tho 4 Ound lill iileI rOtttdi lie grass
beneath them has been kllled,appatehily
pOisOasi bY their contact, A dressing
Of lime o. ashes will correct this agilily
and restore the soil 10 fertility,
As both tumIps and mangels consume
extremely large amounts OF plant tood,
q Liberal ghnetal mannf,ng with hrm
yard manure Ia In most cases essential
ior The production of full crop, The
special characteristics u the manure
Tor turhlps should DO phosphate, and
Of that ior maugels nllfogenous,
Most farmers leave their pears too
long on tho trees, and thus lose tho best
results of tht fipest varieties, Some
kinds, quite worthless when left on tho
trees, become excellent by hou@ rIpeu'
iug. aud there II no pear that l. rot
really impFoyed hy such q practice, II
kept IN warm ur cold rooms rlpellng
may be FASTENED or retarded, aud the
season prolonged much beyond tho
usual tlme,
OF all roots, except potatoes, beetS
ara most sensitive TO frost, Carrots
beng mostly deep In the ground viii
stand considerable ireczlng without
much injury, provided they are let to
thaw IN the ground, ParSnlp and vcge
iahlt oyster plants are boit,r for being
left ont all winter; aud of parsnipa
especially only enough should be put In
the cellar for use when those out OF
dOoIa cannot bo gotten at.
Southern aud Western farmers con.
slider mules especially useful on account
Of their wtlstandiug satisfactorily hot
weather and the annoyance oi lliel, At
constant hard work they last much long
or than horses Although they iuhcnt
tho darkey's patient con'entmont with
plOin, coarse food, yet, II they Nro 10 do
good service, thoy should got the same
food as horses Of tho same weight and
doing the same work,
The best method OF keeping onions IL
10 place them IN dry lott or On barn
floor, until cold weather endanRors their
iree2iug, say about Thanksgiving time,
when they may be haroled and put in
th' cellar They wi | keep well on the
floor OF q loft II allowed 10 freeze slight.
~, and Nrt then covered with hay to pre-.
vent frequent and sudden ihawing, which
Injuries them aud causes decay; they
will endure about rs much frost Ns
apples, AS to future prices tho general
opinion among dealers is that they will
bo no higher At resent, owing to the
large crop, 6no quality and cheapness
OF Western onions
A discovery is reported in the Agri.
cultural Gazette Of Vienna which opens
mp new career to the potato. II seems
that the Iumbe tu6crc can be transformed
into material for the manufacture of
mecrschaum pipes Of the very choicest
quality by tho simple operation of
boiling it for thirty-six hours in n
certain chemical solution, and squeezing
it aiterward in a press till whatever
moisture II may contain has been eS-
tracted. The rcsiduum is then declared
to be 20 hard block OF delicate creamy.
white hue, in every respect as suitable
to the manufacture OF ornamental and
artistically executed pipe heads as the
finest clay" The potato thus treated is
also found to be an excellent substitute
for ivory in the manufacture of such
articles as brush and umbrella handles,
fans and chessmen'
The autumn coloring Of the leaves OF
the maple, oak and other trees on the
American continent is not due to the
action Of the frost, but to certain chem
ical changes which accompany the ripen.
ing of the leaves, American naples
taken over to Europe will perfect tLeir
foliage for few years--that is, the bril-.
liant coloring will be put on-but they
rapidly lose the habit, and in few
years the leaves fall from the trees
while still green, according to the habit
of the European species. A Awell known
Philadelphia horticdlturist says that in
the New Jersey marshes there are many
trees OF European species, which, though
failing to color their leav at home,
manage to put on he most brilliant
hues here. He also mentions from
his knowledge that in some parts
of this country imported European
trees do not assume the autumn colors,
even after the trees have been raised
from s, ed, tor several gen, rations.
Hence it would seem that the cause of
the color is climatic, but that the same
causes do not operate in all parts OF
this continent.