Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1882-08-17

showing shade of green around the fence
rows, or in some sheltered ravine, turns his
stock out to make their own living. This
brings one of the most potent causes of un-
profitable cattle raising namely, short pas
lures. The farmer who is over-stocked IN
winter, is almost sure to turn his cattle on
his pastures too early in the spring, and this
generally results in short pasture all summer,
and consequently the stock do not thrive as
they ought, and in addition, the land which
should be greatly benefited and enriched, is
injured, for the development of the root in the
SOIL must correspond to that of the tops, and
if the latter are constantly cropped short, the
roots must be small. The benefit Of shade is
lost, and the land is trampled by the cattle in
their wanderings to fill themselves so that it
is in worse condition than if a crop Of grain
had been grown on it. From all these causes
combined there is a large aggregate of loss,
and it is the exception to find farm on which
one or more of them does not exist, and yet
without exception, they may be classed as
''preventable," if thought and practical COM
mon sense are brought to bear in the manage
ment
STARVATION FROM OvEREATING.-It is
as certainly true that one may fail to he we'll
nourished while taking too much food, more
than the organs of digestion can possibly dis
pose of, as when taking less than the system
absolutely needs. The stomach may become
so crippled by over taking us to positively re-
fuse all duty or if not to fail to perform Or
dinary labor, doing the diminished labor very
imperfectly. Hence, the amount OF food ac-
tually taken does not determine the amount
of nourishment secured, amount of strength
gained, since all food taken, if not actually
digested, must always prove an irritant, doing
more harm than good, remaining in the stom-
ach until it ferments, becomes acid and ab-
solutely decays. 1t is also true that the stom-
ach labor may exhaust the system as certainly
as will that of any other organ of the body
rendering it certain that this exhaustion, in
some cases, in which indigestible food is taken,
more than equals the amount OF strength
secured.
1t is also true that when food is selected
which does not contain the elements of nour-
ishment needed, the bone, muscle, and nerve
elements, or when more of the .fuel:food, the
''heaters,n - are employed than the season de-
mands that the organs Of digestion are over
taxed, enfeebled in failure to nourish the
whole system sufficiently.
If, for example, such articles as pastry,
when specially rich, or when the starch and
fat elements are in eXcess-cOntalnlng but
little to noulish the bones and muscles, giving
but little real power or strength-With the
whole range of the starchy foods, the oils and
the sweets all of which being in excess OF the
demands of the system, particularly III warm
weather, practical starvation occurs. Nor
is this all. If more of the elements contain
ing carbon are employed than are needed to
sustain the heat of the body, this excess must
derange the system, including the organs OF
digestion more especially, while the irritation,
inflammation of the membranes, throat, eyes,
ears, and nasal passages is almost sure to
result. These results are often observed and
attributed to colds, when the real seat OF the
disease is in the stomach, caused by an ex-
cess of the heating elements.
THE "SOUTHERN WINTER" TURNIP.-
People in the South who have cultivated only
the varieties of turnip that are grown at the
North have no conception of how exceedingly
valuable the tumip crop may be made here.
1t is we'll known that, in England, turnips
with which to winter sheep are the means
whereby the lands have been brought to high
er state of prOductiveneSs and rental than IN
any other country in the world. In our North
ern States, though turnips grow as well in
England as anywhere, their economic value is
cancelled by the fact that the severity of the
winter necesstates harvesting and housing
them, as is not done in the milder winter
climate of England. And with most sorts, the
same needs exist even in the cotton States.
But there is sort which, while it is one OF
the very best, in every respect, tiourishes with
out the slightest protection, in the open ground
throughout the coolest winters, affOrding not
only the cheapest and best of stock feed, but
constituting finest of culinary vegetables, all
the time, and whatever of them is left over
in the spring, producing more and better
''greens'' than mustard, spinach or other
beds that are sown specially for such purpose.
This variety is the "Southern Winter" and
is in every way and by all odds, the best for
the main crop at the South. Indeed, except
a very few purple top, or White Dutch, for
early use, there is really no need for any other
kind than the s'Southern Winter" for it is
not only more productive and reliable than
the others, but it lasts long after they all
become pithy, even when they can be kept, as
they cannot without storing, while the "South-
ern Winter' is all the better for being left in
the field till the spring.-Dirie Farmer.
THE VALUE OF CLovER-Prof Voelcker
is one of the strongest advocates for clover in
a farm rotation, and gives these as his con-
clusions upon its value and general character
|. A good crop Of clover removes from the
soil more potash, phosphoric acid, lime and
other mineral Matters which enter into the
compostion of the ashes of our cultivated
crops, than any other crop usually grown in
this country.
2 There is fully three times as much nitro
gen in crop of clover as in the average pro-
duct of the grain and straw of wheat per acre.
B. Clover is al excellent preparatory crop
for wheat.
t. During the growth of clover, a large
amount of ntrogenous matter accumulates in
the soil
5. This accumulation, which is greatest in
the surface soil, is due to decaying leaves
dropped during the growth of clover and to
an abundance of roots containing, when dry,
from one and three-fourtlls to two per cent. of
nitrogen.
g. The clover roots are stronger and more
numerous and more leaves fall on the ground,
when clover is grown for seed, than when
mown for hay in consequence more nitrogen
is left after clover seed than is left after hay.
!. This crop causes accumulation OF nitro
genous matters which are gradually changed
in the soil to nitrates
s. Clover not only provides abundance of
nitrogenous food, but delivers this food in
readily available form, as nitrates, more grad
ually and continuously, and with more GER
tainty of good result, than such can be appli-
ed to the land in the shape or heterogeneous
spring top dressings.