Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1882-02-13
COMMUNICATED
Free Trade VS.. Protection.
Nh v

Free Trade vs.. Protection.
No. V.
Is i! just 10 taxa property without the cSt-
er's consent and Giye it to another? II other
words, is il right to rob A. for the beot6 OF B. ?
The commercial policy Of cur c,u1try Answers
these questions by 40 emphatic "Ses |" Aod
what NTH ss Individuals deny. 10 tho aggrt g ate
they steadily uphold.
eocieiy is divided iato the two hostile classes
of Consumers and producers. Il is obvious The
latter endeav0r to got tho highest prices for
their commcdHi. s. and since pfico is depe nJcn ut
upon su; ply and dena:d; scarcity is f.vorabl-
to the seller. Tbs o,psumer % the Other hand
wishes 10 buy cheap, and snca full market
means low prices, abundance is suited TO tis
desires. We think any osodid MAD will &C
NIT tia! governments ought mol to take part 10
this struggle, but should laEve it 10 thos, ma
tural condilions which can best regulate il. For
| to tsks tho part of one against The other is 10
disturb natures eooncmV, perpttults q Hror e
and infringe equ:lity. Bat these Obvious COL
sidera,ious have been entirely ieHorsd By leg
i5aors whose policy it is to work for Tie i'd
vabtsge of the producer and the ipjury Of The
Consumer, and tho tim! Aonored vetc'e for
this discrimination is the protective tsriff
whose fhc:c7 IS meas of oppression Va will
briefly show.
Tbs digsraitits Of cnsL9 forca The naliors
to different Industries, snd each pursuss what
10 nlcst easy sid rcmuneratiso. Commerce
carries the s1perabundauco of one country 10
another and thus supplies the Deficiencies of
zach. This is The na,ural AID the best oondi-
ton sincs il uliiz,s Ill the advantages of water,
climate, soil. peculiar fin,ss. IL, snd rr;ducts
arc consequently abundant. Bot" says the
legislator, .toirlity, not plenty is dasred by
producers" Aud, sc.ordisRly a tariff is laid
on ioregu gocd'. BY which they are wholly or
partially excluded from the MARKET
Now, atythiDg which diminishes the qu.L-
thy OF goods ucccsSall raises the pro- of what
remaios. provided other oondili,rs are squ,l.
10 Otter words. they SsIl By reason of these a.
tlclal means at hgurts above the Eatursl rate.
This addition to tEe Is.ural rate is what the
tariff takes from the buyer and gives to the
seller or prldoc.r. The oonsu ner ls totctd to
sronit. Ind tho only ditftfenos betwetn the
pfOtt cted seller spd tho hiRhRsynap, is that
the Grst usts legislative spsotneDt, The Sec
obd pistol. end the former will collie: more
in wotk than the othcr 10 q century. The
preciae amount Of the ed ii'ionsl rate varies,
but Ro6er! j. Walker 10 1917 made humber
of statistical calculations, aod found the prise
OF the sricle TO rico on an average. at least two
thirds of The tariff duly. AS a N after OF his.
tory The prices ct protected goods fell, when
EnglaDd adopted free trade 10 1919 from 80 to
81 Per cant. or al Average of Az pr cent.
So much for general principles; . few figure
!hkan from American Xperlence will show the
fl .ot Of cur terif laws. Stats les show that
our naaufsc!ures were worth 10 1870 over four
tl liou dollars, ard We ON safely assume they
wsro worth 10 1880 at least 4ix ti,llous. Tue
average ratio OF GUY DIV charged is cousiders-
bly, cVsr 4O per ceat Allowing but 25 per o.
as the decreased oost To the con.unr. ths
enormous tcLu5 psl The manufacturers
amounts 10 lhs ,uuud sum of 81 500 coo Coz
Annually, dedrc lCg lisa thao 1885 00O. 600,
which want 10 tho Govertment's Treasury-
81 3l5. 900 0C0 taken from tho consumer aud
given to tho producer ! Aud who pays ibis
immense sum chiefly the sRriculturlst who
has co protection &c 'pt u2oo ric', sugar snd
| wool. and no oulr reason this wholesale rob-
berg dors NJ! rr, da,s a b,llioo is that the
sys;cm il so s2easitgy ind,rto. its tfrcls are
not .atont to tho ordinary eye. But let US "a
| nG,iue semi particular iostsr COS.
BY tho ulrsus OF 1870 We used 900 600 tons
OF p'G-lroo. 90 whicl wBs duty ct 50 per ton,
and by comparison With fortigl pr G tbs tun
WAS dlr CITY aided TO the c>st OF tho Amstio,o
article, mskIog SIS 600 600 psid ;he msoutsc-
| tursr5 OF 600 item, from winch No resourc, WAS
derived.
10 1879 blankets wore Imported t, The value
OF 81, 453, aud sc n,r o,ot Tor 81 1881 collected
by gtv rnmtn'. But wo annually rxpeod over
$50, 600 900 in bsbkers. and # this sum
the homo rrcduosr Rels at least $1,000 600 a.
bonus, Oar eleven steel r.il msuuFaoto,ss
turl out 900 goo tons early. ard uud ra lO4
per M. dny they ssl at S2S per ton more
than tho Eugsbmau. or SOS C0O.00O 80 the
ue! result OF prottc ion to Them. No wonder
M"ssrs. Mnril! ard Kelly CONTEND for the tar.
MI The du'y on iron cotton IT, 8 tccoriiug TO
the rrot' iorist nsru!sc uur, Mr.. Warden Of
PEilsdeluhia, Md, "a d.ftrercs Of 10 or IL
cents pr bsl4 10 tie planter" CT over 5000, COO
on the cop OF 1879. Lis said MIR. Bller en-
Joys tho monopoly ct bunting uodcr 95 per
cen. du'y. aid his erapire pslsco near tho
Capitnl tells how mCci this tx is worth to
him.
l. were easy to multiply thts, iasato.s, bu;
what VIZ hsvI adducod is smplo show how
costly Is protection and that it takes from o,
class TO enrich sno h:r. | bumbIy submit
these things ought 70. 10 BE-, snd that the ba.-
tic OF I, ought to be lou. bit on tq1al co1Gi-
lions, which award tho pr z, to wnrlh alone. -
The lesson eff history is that civilization sc ks
to remove artificial distioc ions and that the
w,tld bsc m more and m r, democr i.io Dr..
IotqIevlile. viewing The great mOveme nj d.
c!ercd be cauld not sleep FIR thinking oil its re-
suits. B!srqli says every generation sc,rts
conquest AID day will coma when "thero
shall b. 20 more Pariah'd at The bsrqu:t Of
lite" And how Iiuls suited is this syslt Ct
GLASS legislator to American Institutions which
arc buils Oh tbs broad pristioics Of tqlaliy?-
The very statement is its condemnation, and
tariff advocates havs sought for pretex,s by
which to Justify their position, wh,h tho very
ohlef is protection to American labor sgst ST
European DauDcrs That this il q mers pre-
text. acd without a shadow of reality, that the
tar # system instead of beue6iliog, mos. ssri-
ous!y inures the working mao, a1d slabs when
1t preerds to aid him. MAX
Cause and Effect,
The main cause Of nervousness is inc 81 IN,
and that IS caused by weakness OF the stou sch
No che Can have sound nerves and good hes iii b