Hand County press. (Miller, Dakota [S.D.]) 1882-1893, 1882-07-19

Admiral Seymour landed about 1000 marines
at Alexandra on the 14th inst, the bulk Of
whom we're sent to guard the Khedive in his
palace. They represented all the war ships in
the harbor, the American complement being
sixty men. Arabs were pillaging the town. and
Zuo marines were given orders to march about
the city aud shoot all rioters and looters Explo-
sions werecontinualiy occurring. A party Of blue
kscAess spiked nineteen guns IN Fort Gabarri.
Inc number Of CHRISTIANS massacred by
the mob is estimated at 2,000. Ii is stated that
Arab Pasha was 9 fugitive, and that his troops
were dispensing. The Turkish Prime Minister
maintains be mus. he treated as a rebel. Arabf
gave orders TO murder the Khedive, aud burn
and plilage the city before quitting il. The
hre continued with unabatod fuiry.
fttrUletun oPO'a buiissias >. 49, AN ta,s
Arabs Carried wihite iIandkerchers ON
sticks. Some Egyptian police wero still on duty
helping to maintain order. Twenty armed
Europeans, who escaped the general massacre,
were told by Pasha, whom they met
on their way through the town, that the
Egyptian killed numbered over six hundred
whole battalion Of Arabs were blown up in
one fort during the bombardment A Con-
stantinople dispatch of the I4th say.
that at midnight the council Of Turkish
Ministers decided 20 make efforts to arrange
the Egyptian difficulty, faiiing in which
troops would be sent forward. The
Prime Minister held that Arab Pasha
must bc treated as a rebel A London dis
patch says that England VIII proceed vigorous
ly against the Egyotlan rebels but will com
init no act preiudicial to the rights Of the Sui
tan. England and France are IN accord touch
ing the policy to be pursued.
What IL Is All About.
From 639 to 1917 Egypt was ruled by the in
dependent Moslem Princes. From 1877 TO 1911
the country was under the absolute control OF
Turkey. After the French and English COM
piications OF the First Napoleon's time, Me-
hemet Ali was appointed Governor. The Beys
rebelled against him, but after a series OF wars
he became virtual master of the country. After
a long conflict with Turkey he secured the rec
oSnition OF his dynasty from tho Sultan, the
five great powers of Europe guaranteeing the
succession and the fulfillment Of conditions on
the part OF Turkey.
In this way Egypt came into European poll
tics as the ward of the Nations, the powers all
having an interest ia the conduct OF her affairs.
In 1866 the Sultan gave the ruler of'Egypt the
title Of King or khediye, and in 1873 granted
to the Khedive Qsmai l. } the right TO conclude
treaties with foregu powers ana TO maintain
armies.
This made the Khedive virtually independent,
and he proceeded to Inaugurate grand sys-
TEN Of public improvements His not we'll
directed enthusiasm ended in the distress of
his peop'o and the bankruptcy Of the country,
end in 1879, alter there had been years Of
reckless expenditure and loose management,
England and France intcrfered under clause
of the guarantee OF lS4l, compelled Ismail /. to
abdicate, put Mohammed Tewhk, the present
Khedive, on the throne, and placed the admin
| lstration OF affairs under the supervision OF
two Controllers General, representing the two
European Governments. In 1880 the khedve
appointed an International Commission OF
Liquidation to examine the financial situation
tons between Egypt and her creditors.
Both OF these steps were taken with the con-
sent Of all the guaranteeing powers, and for
time it seemed that the Controllers General
would carry out without difficulty many needed
reforms A great dea, vas accomplished, but
the European methods, while they admittedly
made The condition OF the people better, ex-
cited the prejudice OF the Arabs, or Moham-
| medaus, and this dissatisfact:on was encour-
aged by Turkish emissaries.
Among the younger men OF the Mohamme-
dan party was Arab Bey, who, after an adven-
turous career in the army, became Minister OF
War. He was from the first dissatisfied with
Enropean management in Egypt, and through
his influence there was established the Cham.
Der Of Notables. This is composed Of seventy
wealthier natives, and its establishment was
proclaimed as the first step toward constitu-
tional government. tho claimants ignoring the
fact that the Board Of Control bad given the
country the first semSianoe OF constitutional
government 1t had experienced.
The Chamber OF Notabes, selected by the
army, or under the influence OF the army, be-
came the creature of the War Minister and
soon came in conflict with the Khedive and the
Controllers General This conflict ripened into
open rebellion on tho part Of Arabis followers
and the khedive was held for time virtually
prisoner.
England and France primarily, and Germany
Austria AMI Russia in an incidental wav, were
under obligstions to stand by the Khe live aud
the Controllers General, and very earl in the
agitation England made the dem md that Arab
Bey be retired AMI the statu quo re-es.a1lish,d.
The Khedve was powerless, and could not
comply with the demand. Turkey put forward
her clam TO intervene in such cases under old
treaties, and nego;iitions were opened making
the matter Of settlement a European question.
In tho meantime Arab B " was encouraged IN
his attitude Of hostility 10y agents represen ing
the iealousos OF the several nations and the bear
interest in bonds, and for weeks the question
was given gu artificial color through the manip-
ulation Of spectators.
England, having made the demand that the
Khedlve and the Controllers General should
be re-established in fun authority, prepared
quietly to stand by it, and, after conference
at Constantinople. the representatives Of the
powers decided that, under certdn cou-
tingencies, England should take the in
itiative in armed intervention. Arab Bey
was ordered TO suspend work on the Ale, andris
fort,icatlons this work, with tho fleets If Eu-
rope in the harbor, being an act OF hostility.
He did not comply, and at the expiration Of
twenty-fenr hours notice the feet opened ire
on the forts with the results noted in the dis
patches.
In this action England represents Europe, aud
there is no chance for misunderstanding ol this
point But on the question OF how far she
NAV proceed afte' bomuar iment there's chance
for misunderstanding al every STEP and there
is possibility OF half OF Europe becoming in
yolved IN the trouble