Morning journal and courier., 1882-07-15

boxes. It was not until 1845 that a conslgn- ment of straw board found it's way to New York. Prior to that time it does not appear to have been used for any other than book binders purposes. The foreman of 8 paper box factory in this city happening, however, to hear of the arrival of the consignment just spoken of, determined to try the adapt ability of the article for box making, and purchased the whole lot It answered his purposes so well that he soon ordered more. It was much cheaper material than the old fashioned ''paste board" and other box makers soon began to use it. Paper boxes thus became cheaper, the demand for them increased and the number of makers multi piled. In 184O there were only five paper box factories in the United States. At pres ent there are fully 100 independent factories in this city, besides a number of subsidiary factories run by large wholesale houses In different branches of trade to supply their own demand. The annual product of straw board in this country is from 35, 900 to 4O, 900 tons. and in this city there are three or four large houses engaged exclusively in handling it. A similar board, much finer and more expensive however, is also made now in large quantities from wood pulp.
 The paper trade includes several impor- tant industries, and one of the largest of these Is the manufacture of paper hanglngs. Paper hangngs are the finished product the paper used for making them is known to
 
 mills employed wholly in the manufacture of hanging paper, and in this city there are seventeen factories of paper hang1ngs, some of them very extensive At first the patterns were printed by hand but in 1884 native of Milhausen named Zuber invented a machine for doing this work somewhat after the man. her of calico printing. Since then the in- dustry has been elevated to the rank of 8 fine art. Accomplished artists employed to design novel and ornamental patterns, skilled metal workers to reproduce these pat terms upon the rollers by which they are printed, and practical chemists to mix the colors used in printing. The patterns were formerly engraved on wooden rollers, but these wore out so speedily as to make the printing very expensive. They are now traced upon the rollers, and strips of brass about an inch wide are driven laterally firm ly into the wood, so as to make raised out lines of the figures. The interstices are filled in with felt, which forms the printing surface. Felt is used because 1t gives the paper watered appearance. The men who prepare the rollers form a class by them selves and are difficult to obtain. They come mostly from Scotland and are exceedingly averse to having apprentices put with them to learn the trade.
 Much may be said about the envelope in- dustry, but it will be sufficient for the pur- poses of this sketch to indicate its magnitude and remind the reader that 1t has grown up
 
 numerous large factories and hundreds of persons employed in the manufacture, and the product amounts to about 7,O0O,' 10 day, or 2,555, 900, 900 a year. There is a single factory ln this city that turns out 200, coo, UO0 envelopes year. The multifarious uses of the envelope need only be referred to The manufacture of small envelopes for stages and street car change constitutes a business by itself, and great many millions of them are manufactured during the year. Blotting paper has come into use since 1880. The idea of plotting is said to have been de- I rived from the Altering paper employed by druggists, and the fact that the sand previ- ously used to dry the ink would work be tween the leaves of account books and cut | them gave great impetus to its general adoption. Massive mills are employed now exclusively in the manufacture of plotting paper. There is large business done now ! also in wax paper, plain white tissue paper | treated with parafine. It is used for wrap- ping caramels and other confections and for many other purposes.
 One of the most remarkable uses to which paper has been put of late years is the man. utacture of zylonite, a substance which, at l the will of the manufacturer, may be made 1 in imitation of horn rubber, ivory, tortoise shell, amber and even glass; The uses to | which zylonite are adaptable are almost inf l nite, but perhaps the most extraordinary is | the manufacture of cathedral windows.
 
 named Spills, about fifteen years ago, but 1t | was only about five years ago that 8 company l was formed in London for its manufacture. Within the last two years a company has | been formed here. The basis of zylonite is l plain white tissue paper, made from cotton 1 or cotton and linen rags. The paper being l treated first with bath of sulphuric and 1 other acids undergoes a chemical change. l The acid is then carefully washed out and | the paper treated with another preparation l of alcohol and camphor. After this 1t as sumes an appearance very much like parch- l ment. It is then capable of being worked 1 up into plates of any thickness, rendered l almost perfectly transparent or given any of l the brilliant colors that silk will take. It is | much more flexible than either horn or ivory 1 and much less brittle. Combs or other arti l cles made of it in imitation of tortoise shell are said to be 50 perfect in appearance as to | deceive the eye of the most practiced work. men in that substance. The differ ence in the l materials can be detected only by tests. A 1 plain white tissue paper also forms the basis | of celluloid, and the treatment in the early | stages of preparation Is somewhat similar. l The chief difference, however, between eel. | luloid and zylonite is that the former cannot l be rendered transparent, and, therefore, can
 not like the latter be made to imltate so many | different substances
 There are many interesting facts connected also with the growth of the paper trade in l 1 ous to 1920 it appears to have been carrled on in a very adventitious way. The paper l makers along the Hudson and the neighbor- Ing rivers of New Jersey brought their prod uct to this city chiefly by water, and such as had not stores here relied on their own eff forts to sell it. They were in the habit of l marketing all their stock iu the fall before the rivers were closed to navigation. It hap pened frequently that some of them failed to sell all of their paper, and in such an emergency would leave the surplus at the printing house of Jonathan Seymour, and l notify their customers to call for it when l they wanted it. In this way Mir. Seymour | was led to go into the paper business himself i about 1919, and he was thereafter, until his death in 184O, perhaps the largest paper mer
 chant in New York. Between 1919 and 1883 Mir. Seymour was also one of the chief prin
 tors in this city. All of the elder Hampers
 learned the trade in his establishment, and
 Thurlow Weed, when youth, worked there
 as a journeyman printer.
 How Fashionable Lawn Tennis Parties
 are Conducted.
 | Lawn parties have become charming fea
 ture with the residents of pretty suburban
 localities and New York particularly. A
 these parties small tables are set on the shad | ed piazzas and also under the trees, and are
 further protected by the new lawn um
 brellas, which be set ill the ground, arc
 of large size and are shaped like the Japanes
 parasols Low dishes glass troughs O.
 small china boats filled with flowers uset
 for decorations while about the grounds
 very natural-looking dog or other animal
 meekly couchant or ready to spring upon al
 intruder appears among the rhododendrons
 the feather trees, the flower beds, the shaded
 walks by the river, and the rich shrubbery
 Lawn tenLis, croquet and other games fur
 nish amusement, and there is usually lem
 onade" tent or awning, where claret cup ant
 lemonade can be procured by thirsty indi
 viduals, who are always in majority. Tn,
 gentlemen affect very light but conventiona
 costumes on these occasions-white hanne
 with blue silk tie or very delicate tweed witt crimson silk tie, or (if it is 8 gentleman o