The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-08-25
FARM NOTES.

the island of jersey claims several adj
vantages for lettering COWS. They may
be summed up as follows There is
economy of feed amounting to from so
to IS per cent, regularity in feeding,
perfect control OF the food supply. saw
ing of expense Of making ard maintain.
ing fences, greater gentlehess of the
cattle tethered, and finally an increase
in quantity of butter.
EXPERIENCED cultivators know that in
the dryest time soil kept well cultivated
will show a certain degree of moisture
two or three inches below the surface;
and when not cultivated it will be dry
as powder several feet deep. The in
duence of cultivation in this respect Is
truly wonderful, and especially when
the subs0il pillow has been employed.
This greatly increases the power of the
soil to draw moisture FROM below In d
time of drought.
The best roads are made where the
soil consists largely of gravel without
great admixture of clay, and with
porous or gravelly subsoii and perfect
natural drainage. On such soils the
convex roadbed may be made by sue
cessively throwing burrows with a pillow
toward the centefj then narrowing well
the surface to make 1t even, and care
fully picking out all stones larger than
hens egg. Pass d heavy roller over
it, and it is ready for business. Some
will say: "Let the passing wagons do
the rolling" but they vii! do the work
less perfectly and evenly.
MANY farmers throw away the old
brine in beef and pork barrels and fish
packages. Sometimes they throw it on
a grass patch or under tree, and kill
the vegetation. If they desire to kill
vegetation with il, they should pour it
onto patches Of burd6ck and .thistles, or
around trees that are worthless. 1t is
better, however, to use it for manure, in
which case it should be applied with
Judgment. 1t may be applied to aspar
agus beds literally. but to other thing,
sparingly. Ordinarily the best DISPOSE
ton to make of 1t is to pour it on man.
ure or compost heap, and allow it to be
absorbed.
If we have q drought, it is wise to
examine and ''locate" q i moist spots,
springs which do not fail, and indica.
tons which may lead to water. The
time is favorable for deepening wells
and opening hidden springs in pastures,
SO that cattle may always have water.
The failure of water in pasture is often
serioas thing; cattle suffer greatly,
and It is much trouble to drive them to
water or bring water to them. Artificial
basins may be constructed to hold the
water that falls in summer showers. A
clayey spot-if possible natural basin
is selected, the basin formed, and pigs
fed upon the ground when somewhat
moist, to pack it down.
AVOID narrowing the ground when
wet. 1t is also OF little benefit to work
it when dried hard. The best time is
between the two, when the ground will
work up easily and become mellow.
Some soils require two borrowings at
time to get the desired effect. Use the
harrow pretty freely rather than spar
ingly. If the land is to be stocked down,
SOW the seed before the last narrowing
We must have favorable look so far as
the dry seasons are concerned. With
the wet it is more difficult. In dry
weather it should be the sim not to pre-
vent the loss of nitrogen, but of water
and the mulch of fine soil must be the
means to accomplish this.
THE amended law of the United States
in regard to timber claims requires but
ten acres to be planted to timber on
each quarter section, or corresponding
proportion on eighty and forty-acre lots.
Tie conditions are as follows Five
acres on each quarter section are to be
broken the first year, cropped the Sec
ond, and the additional five acres broken.
The third year five acres must be planted
with trees AKA orr, 700 to the acre. The
fourth year the remaining five acres
which were cropped the third year are
to be planted in the same manner. The
trees are to be cultivated for eight years,
when there must be CTS living trees to
the acre. This obtains a patent to the
land.
THERE is a vast difference in chickens
and the treatment thereof, the differ
ence varying with the breed for hardi i.
ness and rapidity of growth. There are,
perhaps, no sturdier chicks than the
Brahmas and their crosses, and yet the
pure bloods are a delicate and long time
in feathering. Where one can handle
diminutive birds there are no harder
chicks than the Leghorns, games. They
feather early The first week is the only
difficult period of their chickenhood,
and, with proper care and food, they
grow rapidly, feather quickly and come
to maturity earlier than any other varie-
ty. Two breeds will never agree. A
lover and breeder OF Brahma fowls will
never be successful with the smaller
birds. Size is looked for where it can
not exist. One-third Leghorn blood on
the Brahma makes better sitters than
either alone, but they are only good for
sitters.
A CORRESPONDENT of the Country Gen.
HeDaan says: They are great conven-
fence and save q good deal of labor.
The size we use is 13 by 16 inches, and
49, inches deep, all inside measures.
The ends are made of three quarter and
sides and bottom of half-inch light wood,
such as bass or wildwood, planed on
both sides. The corners are bound with
galvanized hoop iron and hand-holes
are in each end. They hold bushel
level full, and it cost me S25 hundred
to get them made at a box factory.
For marketing early in the season,
while the skins slip. the potatoes are
carefully laid into boxes, and the boxes
put on a spring wagon and covered from
the sun. Arriving at the grocer's the
potatoes are left in the boxes until sold.
In this way they get to the consumer
almost as nice and fresh as though dug
out of his own garden. We have
spring wagon (box feet by 12) on
which we carry 40 boxes, 20 in the wag-
on box and 20 ON top. Every box is
open to the air, and the potatoes cannot
get bruised in the least Few dealers
want whole load at once early in the
season they prefer to have them fresh
every day. BY marketing in boxes it is
easy to set off few boxes in a place
and to retail good many single boxes
along the road. You will seldom find a
grocer who is not pleased to get his po-
tatoes in such nice shape, and willing to
pay twice what the extra cost is. And