The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1882-07-20

gave orders to murder the Khcdive, and burn
and piage the city before quitting it. The
fire continued with unabated fury,
and women were seen throwing
petroleum rr,oa upon ,;,. buildings; .r. All the
sticks. Some Egyptian police were still on duty
helping to maintain order. Twenty armed
Europeans, who escaped the general massacre,
we're told by pasha, whom they met
on their way through the town, that tho
Egyptian killed numbered over six hundred.
one fort during the bombardmcnt. A Con-
stantinople dispatch Of the 14th says
that at midnight the council OF Turkish
Ministers decided TO make efforts to arrange
the Egyptian difficulty, failing IN which
troops would 30 sent forward. Tho
must be treated as . rebel A London dis
patch says that England will proceed vigorous
ly against the Egyptian rebels, but will COM
nit no act prejudicial to the rights Of the Sui
tan. England and France are IN accord touch
ing the policy to be pursued.
what II IL All About.
From $50 to l517 Egypt was ruled by the in-
dependent Moslem Princes. From 1917 to 1911
Turkey. After the French and English COM
plications Of the First Napoleon's time, Me-
hemet Ali was appointed Governor. The Bsys
rebelled against him but after series Of wars
he became virtual master Of the country. After
a long conflict with Turkey he secured the rec
ognition Of his dynasty from the Sultan, tho
five great powers Of Europe guaranteeing the
succession and the fulfllment Of conditions on
the part or Turkey.
In this way Egypt came into European poll
tics as tho ward Of the nations, the powers al
having an interest in the conduct OF her AFFAIRS
In 1866 the Sultan gave the ruler OF Egypt the
title Of King or khedivc, and in 1873 granted
to the Khedive Ismail l. the right to conclude
treaties with foreign powers and to maintain
armies.
This made the Khedivc virtually independent,
and he proceeded to lnaugnrate grand sys-
tenn OF public improvements His not WE'LL
directed enthusiasm ended in the distress OF
his peope and the bankruptcy OF the country
end III 1879, alter there had been years Of
reckless expenditure and loose management,
England and France interfered under clause
OF the guarantee OF 1871, compelled Ismail l. to
abdicate, put Mohammed Tewiik, the present
khediye, on the throne and placed the admin
Is!ratlon OF affairs under the supervision OF
two Controllers General, representing The two
European Governments. In 1ss0 the Khediyo
appointed an International COMMISSION Of
Liquidation to examine the financial situation
Of Egypt and franc q law regulating the rela-
tiOns between Egypt ami her creditors
Both OF these steps were taken with tho con-
sent of all the guaranteeing powers. and for \
time il seemed that the Controllers General
would carry on. without difficulty many needed
reforms. great deal was accomplished, but
the Eurorean methods, while they admittedly
made the condition Of the people better, ex-
cited the prejudice Of the Arabs. or Moham-
medans, and this dissatisfaction was encour-
aged by Turkish emissa.ies.
Among the younger men OF the MohAmme-
dan party was Arab; Bey, who, after an adven-
turous career in ths army, became Minister OF
War. He was from the first dissatisfied with
European management in Egypt, aud through
his influence there was established the Cham
ber Of Notables. This is composed of seventy
five chiefs or leaders chosen from among the
wealthier natives, and its establishment was
proclaimed as the frst step toward constitu-
tional government, the claimants ignoring the
country the first semblance Of constitutional
government it had experienced.
The Chamber of Notables selected by tho
army, or under the influence Of the army, be-
came the creature OF the War Minister, aud
soon came in conflict with the khedive and the
Controllers General This conflict ripencd into
open rebellion on the part Of Arabs followers,
and the Khedive was held for timo virtually
prisoner.
England and France primarily, and Germany,
Austria and Russia in an incidental way, were
under obligations to stand BY the Khedive ami
the Controllers General, and very early in tho
agitation England made the demand that Arab
Bey be retired and the statu quo rc-cstablished.
The khedivc was powerless, and could not
comply with the demand. Turkey put forward
her clam to intervene in such cases under old
treaties, and negotiations were opened making
IN mar of n
In the meantime Arab Bay was encouraged IN
his attitude OF hostility by agents representing
the ealousies OF the several nations and the bear
interest in bonds, and for weeks the question
was given an artificial color through the manip-
ulation Of speculators.
England, having made the demand that the
Khedive and the Controllers General should
be re-established IN full authority, prepared
quietly to stand by it. and, after conference
at Constantinople, the representatives Of the
tingencies, England should take the in
itiative in armed intervention. Arab Boy
was ordered to suspend work on the Alexandria
fortifcations this work, with the fleets Of Eu
rope in the harbor, being an act OF hostility.
He did not comply, and at the expiration OF
twenty-four hours notice the fleet opened fro
on the forts with the results noted in the dis
patches.
In this action England represents Europe, and
there is no chance for Misunderstanding Oh this
point. But on the question Of how FAR sha
may proceed after bombardment there il chance
for misunderstanding at every step, AMI there
is possibility OF half Of Europe becoming in
yolved III the trouble.
Advices from Alexandria Of Sunday, July 16,
were to the effect that Arab Pasha was
awaiting reinforcements from Cairo, and
intending marching in force on Alexandra.
Admiral Seymour was taking precautions to
meet the attack. Arab had been deposed ~
War Minister by the Khedive. The fire contin-
ued and incendaries were shot daily. It is
believed that whole families ct Europeans
were thrown into tho flames. Five
Of Arabi's soldiers we're captured by
marines and handed over to the khediye, who
gave orders to have them shot by loyal troops.
English sailors fiogged MANY Arabs who were
guilty Of arson. pillage, or rape, and four men
were publicly shot for murder. and one as
spy. The grain market had reOpened, but
hundreds Of people were starving and houseless.
The bOmbardnent s known to have almost ex-
terminated the Egyptian artillery corps. Amer
ican marines we're the first to land at Alexan-
dria tc aid in restoring order, aud were
speedily followed by Germans, neither re-
ceiving instructions from their Governments.
In the identical note presented by the powers
to the Porte Turkey is urged to dispatch al
expedition to Egypt to occupy the country
three months. tho term to be extended upon tho
demand OF the khedive, and no European
Commissioners to accompany the Turkish
troops.
Where Are the Jews to Got
The Jews world is narrowing down
rapidly Of late. Russia has become SO
unOleasaNt for them that at least 1 00O