New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1882-11-15

Is 70 be built into the town. and then the various
temporary repair and construction shops gathered
about tho depot viii doubt be moved Taking the
route Of the road whole therefore, passes through
two large towns in the 300 miles between Guaymas and
the Arizona ne penettates considerable grazing and
some agricultural land, much with the drawback OF
want or water, which only he obtained by an ex-
pensive and yet experimental system Of artesian
wells, and taps for most of It's extent very rich MIN
ersl country
DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL WEALTH.
This brings me to important pont-the mineral
wealth OF Sonora, which stands easily first among her
resources. There true veins OF silver gold and
copper throughout the mountains Of the lower country
and the foothills Of the sierra Madre but the main range
where the greatest mines will found remains com
parativey unexplored. Copper is found chiefly from
600 to $50 miles inland. On the Yaqu River, $50
miles from its mouth and 100 from this town, is ex-
tensive deposit of anthracite coal owned by the Bar
ranca Mining Company Lead. tin. iron and pumbago
also exist but silver and gold the principal objects
OF sonorn mining Some six years there were 5000
silver mines registered in the The Mnas Prieas
IN which Clarence King Is "a largo owner, the great
Mulattos gold mines the Bronces. the Trinidad and
other mines with records OF splendid production are
well known In the Southwest the Robert T. Lee or
the Horn Silver &aa. ~ the northern districts.
contains the largest number OF American miners, al
though sahaurpa is the richest Of ALL but the raids OF
the Apaches have yet prevented its development.
Rich as Sonora is in minerals inclined to think her
resources have sometimes been exaggerated. Certainly
she IS not now producir~ much bullion nor nearly a.
huch rs Cnaloa, and think she Is surpassed ny boh
The mining laws are strict but equitable The sinking
OF shaft thirty feet deep and nine feet square gives
the denouncer or locator right to patent which does
not however mean title IN Zee simple IN American
years, or obtain Mexican TO hold the property for
him. To hold the mine an amount Of work must he
annually expended equal 10 the labor Of four men Tor
eight months and the performance OF all requirements
Is insured by Government inspectors. There are con
IA nah
accorded American miners. Naturally, mutual DIS
understandings are constantly leading to unpleasant
clashes but deem 10 only fair 10 say that have tOrnd
two sides 10 those which have examined. Ie're
arc pleilly o Eastern INNING men III oohoId 10 t
and tales Of horror to which here pay little attention
until read in the startling press dispatches Of
Eastern journals The removal or the duty on bullion on
November Will take away one OF The most vexatl9us
snnOyances encountered in mining and within five
years Sonoras output of bullion with the development
that will naturally follow may rival that OF Colorado
spaee forbids my dwelling on the mystery ana 70
nance surrounding Sonora mines, or telling OF the
vaqueros who have fallen into Old shafts sunk through
nearly pure metal, or Of the deserted villages with
growing I'm the transept or the church. aud crun-
bling limiting at rich mines near by or OF the
treasures guarded by unseen hands, or or the mines
which Indian will point out because the curse OF
God IS placed on their betraycr Delightfully."- false
charmingly impossible az these tales are they yet pos
certain fascination which one must feel when ne
hears them told around prospeoors camp TIRE IN the
hanKs OF the Sierra Madre.
AGRICULTURE AND ABORIGNEs.
But turn from mining to agriculture, the staple pro-
ducts in which wheat corn, grapes peaches and
pomeg ranaes in the north and grain oranges lemons
and figs in the SOUTH while cotton tobacco and sugar
cane are also raised. North Of this town farming is
carried in the valleys Of the Magdalena san Iguaco
Alta San Miguel Dolores and sOnoraall sunkeh rivers,
for no the Gulf between the Cosado
and the Yaqu River south Of Guaynas. The best agr-
cultural lands in the state along this Yaqm River,
but they are held by the 5000 YaqW Indians who form
an Independent monarchy Of their The chief Il
Caame. and he is assisted in his deliberations BY his
Junta Of Notabes" composed OF the Of the
eight Yaqui ppebOs along the river. Caame exacts
Difference from all strangers and acknowledges eay to
no Government nor master He exacts monthly tax
from the oystermen who come down from Guaymas,
ard his subjects steal boats and abandon them he
meets the exasperated owners with cool demand for
salvage The Iaquis like the 5000 Mayos further
south, peaceabie and fair wOrknen. They are
scattered throughout the state working In mines on
ranches. and until recently the railroad. and are
hardly Ia be distinguished from the lower-cass Mexi-
cans pres: dispatch, reports the 1dgs az
"'out 70 lcs".1 ~" IN q. II H. Vo,,,is
should revolt at present Later there will be pressure
brought upon them for the lands around their
villages settlers will crowd in, and there may be
serious trouble; but not at present.
throughout the State which in the wet vaI-
able Tor grazing but which as have said cannot be
experiments and a large investment OF capital
POLITICS.
OF the 10000 inhabitants Of Sonora, the large
majority are unriendy Americans In their peculiar
suspicion and dislike of the Gringos they differ much IN
degree rather than in kind from the people Of Chhna-
hua The cause il not hard to find and lies in the till
clustering and border ra!dny OF which tie people Of
Sonora have had moro experience than those Of the
other Mexican states. This feeling shows Itself In a
close watchulness of Americans and an eagerness TO
pounce upon them whenever accident brings them
within the pale of n real or imaginary law. And the
fact IL especially emphasized that the railroad Is
Mexican enterprise the Mexicans propose 10 man
tIt.tr ha Of
is not idle which states that all Americans connected
with the read become practically Mexican ctzcns and
lose their right Of appeal 20 the United states Govern
mcut. So nearly all the trainmen on the road have
been arrested and imprisoned on some ring charge-a
conductor confined two months for numbering Mexican
who uped OF the train Of his accord and appeared
in the courtroom without scratch baggage master
for stealing blankets when he in his car twenty
five miles away: and whole train force because some
Mexlcans ON an excursion fanced that their cars
waited too long upon siding. But could weary you
with tales OF arbitrary and utterly groundess arrests
pars quorum -and Of judges and recorders who neg
ect their business, charge enormous fees and accept
money Illegally There il love lost between tie
Meyicans and Americans, and the former wien IN
authority become at times nsuherabe.
The political situation here is interesting and may at
almost any time end in a revolution, which, however
when served To- lfcredRO is not formidable AFFAIR
Governor Ortiz was educated in Germany. and inbbed
so,,e des2otc ideas He was the candidate OF the Fed
oral Marty and was designated By the Federal Govern
rncnf for election and when all the OrtZ votes were
cast the polls were declared closed BIT after his cleo
tion he became a champion or states rghtf, and has
showed n desire conduct the AFFAIRS OF sonora ehIey
indepeudent Of the Federal Government therefore
he estron his former friends, General Torres ana the
Federal partv His arbitrary enactment OF aWs-Iorly
two in the first sixty days after ne became governor
and nj. extrava gancc with public moneys as IN rounding
n college ~ Hcrmosio for people VINO need 20 learn
their alphabcts have set others against NM Malarent
his opponent at the polls, gladly joined hands win
Torres and the Fedesalists General CarD0 VINO COM
mands the Federal troops OF course favos the SIDE when
nroyles him with tortllas aud mtscaL and tho signs
mint TO Ortiz's early downfall He has year yet to
serve But the merchants are very doubtful ABOUT
having anv voluntary contributions y for which he
nav ask and he attempts To enforce H. VIII pre-
Ia ATTEMPT would be made break his power at the
I'll cecfon hut IL now appears that hc is likely TO be