The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1882-05-06
- s.,,. ana he'd and the quality Of

,;v.r ne banks and bed and the quality OF
~. aed;n,ent carried by its current, VIVID
tb.t emnloyed in nearly score OF IN
| s,anres In various countries OF Europe,
- ,n;forrnly with such results as may
fa;rlv be held to establish its uti'ity.
The Jetties, it will thus be seen, are nor
IN experiment, except as every "otk IN
volving officially and toll, and requiring a
high degree Of sagacity and skill IN .ne
| adjustment of the means to the enc, may
be properly designated. Nor Is II ,equis
| tie in order to Justify the prominence
| .,b;cb this ENTERPRISE has assumed in the
public mind and the special effort we
| have made to imoart to our readers an IN
| tsllieent idea of it's scope and aim, tnat
| we should concede to il the full measure
| of efficiency which its more ardent aoher-
| ents NAV have claimed. Should IT accom-
| nIish All that has been confidently predicted
1 for II IL would be the most extraordinary
| triumph of ingenuity and perseverance
| which our history presents Ana even
| il should result, as all human undertakings
| are prone to do, In lir tied and parual
success, or what may appear TO De sucn
| when compared with the theory on wnicn
It was projected, twill still have oes.owes
upon the American people an immense
| addition to their wealth, power and in
/ dustriai resources.
/ To construct artificial banks or conf |
| ming walls which shall prolong the chan
| mel of a river into the ocean or gull which |
| receives its waters, and to prevent, oy
this concentration and imprisonment OF
| he current. the shoaliong which occurs |
| as soon as the stream diffuses itself slug
| xishlv over a wide area and deposits us
sediment, is a task perhaps sufficiently
1 l,,A~ ~, n utmost
skili and the soundest judgment for sue
ces.hIl performance. In the present in
stance the first step necessary to he taken
| was to establish what may be calle1 the
| ,l;snment of the walls: in other words,
to drive piling in two lines extending from
the commencement of the work into the
gulf, and indicating the cource of the chan
.rI to be secured The two walls or banks
here constructed are called the east and
vest Tettv respectively, their general dl-
rectien is southwark, with gradual curve
20 the west, The length of the east lefty
| * about two and one-third miles, and that
sfthe west lefty about one and one hnlf
ollie. Their outward sea ends. how
ever. are opposite each other, or nearly SO,
the difference in their length being due to
| the fact that the natural bnnk on the west
.;de of the South Pass (of which the ct
lie. are a continuation exteads about
three-qurrters OF mile further toward the
gulf than that on the east side. The dis
lance between the Jettiss is about $50 feet
being nearly uniform throughout their
| course.
For part ofthe distance through which
the Ietties extend, the piling was driven
n two rows. while for the remainder but
, single row was required. The two rows
irst mentioned were placed twelve feet
mart, the distance between thu piles of
ach row being eight feet In the single
'ow, the distance between the piles was
| not uniform varying from ten to twenty
eet. In that part of the lefty where the
| Io.,ble row was driven, sheet plling was
>fterward added while in the single row
we're designed simply as guides for sink
ng the willow mattresses which are the
| essential and characteristic feature of the
entire lefty system.
The use of brush as material for con-
s'ructing dams. and of punches of twigs
| VI limbs oftrees, under the name OF tas
ines. for dykes, sea-walls and other SINH
ar works. has been conn IN tor many
years: but the precise method of utilizing
uaerial Of this kind employed in the let
ties has never before to our knowledge.
seen adopted. The willows of which the
-mattr->~-ss are made are from fifteen to
I thirty feet in length. and from one inch
In building mattress. the bottom strips
Of the frame were first laid down, side by
side, FIVE feet apart. the strips being
'0liced to obtain the necessary length
The lumber used was yellow pine sCant-
Ing two aud a half by six inches. In the
'-oitem strips holes were bored. FIVE fee
part, and round hickory pins or stakes
about two feet long were inserted in The
1cles and securely wedged and nailed.
IL
pins. the first or bottom LAYER crosswise
If the strips, the upper layer at right ar
lies with the Grst. and the brushy ends
svcrhanging the sides of the frame about
three feet. The upper layer was built W
several inches above the tops of the pins
and the upper strips, with holds bored IL
them to receive the pins, were then
aid on, forced down with mauls and
levers, and the pins wedged and nailed as
b fore. The willows being thus tigh "
compressed, the mattress was rendered
firm and solid, longitudinal binding strips
being nailed on at the edges OF the frame;
and wRen the mattress was to be exposed
to heavy seas, iron screw bolts were used
in the corners instead of icory pins. The
mattress being thus completed, it was at
tached by an ingenious contrivance of
head lines and "bridle" to steam-tug
launched and towed to its dsstiii alton at
the piling, and placed alongside barge
loaded with rubbls rock or ip-rap. Hav-
ing been covered with rock until nearly
submerged, heavier load of rock was
thrown upon the eegs next to the barge
which was swung over it by the force Of
the current, and as the mattress sank, the
remainder of the rock was thrown out
upon it. The foundation mattress having
been thus put down, another somewhat
narrower was laid by the same process on
top of it, and others upon this, still mar
rowing in width to the last mattress,
which was covered with gravel stones
and rubble rock as already stated Our en-
craving shows distinctly the position and
! arrangement of the piling, the mattresses
and the everything rock. In the case H.
| lustrated. the mattresses were laid only on
the river side ofthe piling. At some other
points, where the outer side of the piles |
was exposed to strong current or violent
wave action, the mattress work was put in
on beth the gulf and river side The |
general principles of construction of the
lstties throughout. however. were those |
here shown, with such slight notifications |
as special circumstances might require
| CO-ODeraffOu.-T.acko f CapitaJ