National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1882-05-27
A TRIP In ARIZONA.
THE COWBOYS AND THE ApAoHEs.
Which Rstards Civilization the sti-Former
Residents and Their MOrals-Mlneral Ro-
sources OF the Terrltory--The South
ern Portion, Railroads, &c.


Special Correspondence OF THE REPUBLICAN,.
TUCSON, ARIZONA, May 2O.-whllc Arizona is at
tractlng public attention from lawlessness on the
part Of the whites and sayagery the part OF the
| restless Apache, II isa question Of doubt which
retards civilization most, the cowboy or the In
| dian. Certain Il Ia that the mixed elements in
this Territory need the strong hand of power 10
keep In check the unruly, whether II be the rene
gadc from civilization or the untaught aboTignes,
smartlng from untold wrongs. Isolated and we'll
| nigh impenetrabe as this portion OF our country
WINS before the advent Of railroads and telegraphs
n system of morals, business, and politics fastened
itself upon IT, most vicious and unwilling TO give
way to better order. immortality was no bar TO
rank, corrupt and base dishonesty In business no
disgrace, and the most unseemly transactions no
bindefance TO political prefcrment. The almighty
money god now receives the devotions Of Pagan
jew, and Gentile nearly alike, and every project,
for good or evil seems to be governed by the main
their health, and hut few seem willing 10 await
tile results OF honest enterprises.
THAT WEALTH MAY BE GAINED
by The application OF cnpital and intelligent in
dustry cannot be denied, and those who devote
very sure to win success and, in the long run,
confidence and resp ct II has been my privilege
myself with considerable portion Of the lower
part OF Arizona. a knowledge of the agricultural
aud mineral resources Of this Territory eau only
be acquired by personal observation and ocular
inspection. Being fortunate enough to have the
acquaintance of some parties appreciating my de-
sire to know more than have heretofore had
opportunity of learning of this country, my com.
pnny was sought f,r coach journeys south and
west of this place. with one party the Santa Cruz
Valley, ns far south rs the Mexican boundary,
made nn interesting trip, exhibi ing, rs 1t does one
of the most fertile and attractive valleys In
Arizona After passing
THE OLD SAN XAVIER MISSION,
situated In the Papago reservation, tho valley
widens to several miles, the greater portion OF
which IL covered with heavy mesquite timber,
atttslA tut1
over which roam hOrds Of horses and cattle, the
properly ofthe Papngos. Below the reservation the
for cattle ranges until near to the old pueblo of
the Tut nc, whore the water of the Santa Cruz
again afiTds the ranchmnn the means ofirrisa-
tion. Below this old Spanish town the valley, on
down 70 Ca1bosas, is one beautiful stretch OF rich
bottom land, the grass spreading from the river up
the valley on the west side of the Santa Cruz is
the old mission of Tumacacori in ruins, monu
ment of Apache vengeance, where once q consid-
now an uninhabited and unprOductive plateau,
waiting for tic new civilization,
PILorED ny THE IRON HORSE
and electricity. At Calabosas n new town has
been laid out and by Eastern brain and capital Is
TO become the railroad center of lower Arizona;
The Atchison, ,Topekaand Santa Fe Railroad, called
here the Arizona Southern, forms junction with
the road beiug rapidly constructed from Guaymas
Mexican town on the Gulf OF California.
branch Is to be suilt from here north to Tucson
tho Pacific. From Calabosas down to the Sonora
line is u delightful drive oyer'a smooth, we'll
beaten road with gold AMI silver bearing noun
tdns TO the east md rolling, grass covered hills
reaching far to the west. Crossing the border, we
came to halt, alighted, and stretched ourselves
the foreign soil of our sister republic AT this
point we had
RISEN TO HIGH ALTITUDE
in the pass between the mountains towering above
us on either side, and the atmosphere was dry,
clear and bracirg. Afer a stroll in Mexico the
inspection of a primitive native mescal disillery,
good rest and refreshments. our coach. and four
k.,,I IaI ,ar, ,usarl md ava ia al
as hilarious party of sober going ladies and gem
llcmen MS ever packed coach or sparked in n
foreign land. Much of the mountain scenery
up this valley Is grand and wild, and when II Is
taken into consideration that In most of these
mountains there are vast deposits of precious
metals and already many vel. developed mining
claims, the interest is heightened and the mind
expands into scenes Of future cities and beautiful
plantations hkIng the place of the nninhabited
regions through which we pass. We had but just
returned from this trip when
DEsIEGISG rARTY WAITED ON Us
to go on inspection tour through the country to
| about $50 miles to the west of Tucson, taking in
the Cababi, Meyers, and Ajo mining districts. AZ
ter suitably disposng of our business affairs and
| making ready for II camping-out journey, myself
and wife Joined the party, and we bounded off in
| u coach- and four "wtsward ho!' Our route lay
through n region of country occupied only by
| PGpngo Indians and few miners heretofore re-
gardtd as worthless, desert tract Of the public
| domain, forbidding and unnhahitable. Notwith-
standing there is not stream Of water or spiing
even TO be seen during the whole distance west TO
| the Ajo Copper Mines, the country produces GER
tain natural grasses, principally gramma afford,
wells and reservoirs filed by the rains.
by THE SINKING OF WELLS
at suitable distances apart, the whole country
might be filled with cattle ranches. This, how,
ever, can be done only by considerable outlay of
| money, rs water can be obtained in most Of The
country only by sinking TO Il great depth, Wells
great cost of sinking and OF the appliances for
raising the water deter many from engaging in the
business Of ock.raisng who would otherwise 90
m n
| gras; lands of the western praries and can have
no value except in large tracts, which should be
reduced price Ier acre, md to that end the whole
country of which | speak ought to be surveyed
| simply into township tracts
A TRACT OF SIX MILES SQUARE
is but small range for herd Of stock for which
| one well, with proper hosting power and tanks,
would water all the cattle that could be subsised
| on n township tract. Congress should without de-
lay pass law for disposng of grazing lands. Much
OF the Territory of Arizona is yalueless for agrcu
luTnl purposes but for grazing could be largely
utilized were there any law by which title could
be had. None of the land laws apply to these;
ana until some law is passed providing for their
sho In large tracts the cow boy nuisance will con-
tinue. On our way out We passed through
SEVERAL INDIAN VILLAGES
whore we had pleasant and friendly visits with
the Papagos. Arriving Mt the Peacho mine, we
made II halt until the next day for rest and an
inspection Of this and adjacent properties A
visit to the Ajo district and II ramble among the
famous copper mines, after which the district Is
called, completed our trip westward These
mines were worked many years ago by the ma
lives while this part of Arizona formed part OF
Mexico. The old works, excavations, dumps. and
crumbllng buildings, covering ground mile or
more square, show TO what extent these mines
have been worked, and yet scarcely beginning
has been made. Our return was different from
tho outward journey only in change in the
weather. We started from Tucson in ulscTs and
returned In busters Much of the country pre-
sented tropical aspect, and In many places as
far a the eye could reach the earth WAS
COVERED WITH WILD FLOWERS.
Nearly every species of cactus, from the prckly-
pear mp to tho mammoth saguara grows in this
country The latter In some places stood so thickiy
as TO resemble Il forest. Yet, from the dryness Of
the soil and the desiitution of water, the whole
region through which we ttaveled was essentially
n desert country utterly worthless for agricultural
purposes, except rs comprehended by the propre-
tor of u cattle ranch. Arlzona's ineNhauslible
mineral resources exceed any language to describe
them, aud, with the eflluX OF time, The incoming
tide Of restless fortune. seekers and with an inn
proved civilization, her plains viii send beef and
her mountains precious metals in abundance TO
feed aud enrich the outside world.
G. L. DALEY.
An Event In Ole BuIl's Career.
The Academy OF Music was reopened on the 10th
of February, 1855, under the management of the
very distinguished violinist, Ole Bull who leased
that vast and splendid void for n short season.
Among his artists were Clotilde Patti Vestvall,
Brgnoli, and Badiali and he offered q prize OF
81 600 for the best original grand opera by an
American composer on an American subject the