davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1882-08-27
kossrthisg worth Piay lag ~

The Mslays have nj all times ee'a y. y
dieted to gambling. Some year =, y,
in CeyIon, they would "play away ~ ~
ends Of the fingers, over the dfsnt'.
board. They would ut down W. 'Ia !,
fire burning, wheTeon wa ~'s (
walnut or sssame oil, while pess ~,
Law q small hatchet with aner ,ss' !. Y
sharp edge. The loser placed hs , 49,
upon a stone and the winner cos -
OH joiSt, WHEN the mutilsisd j h. 9,
was plunged into the boiling o. "a Z
thereby cauterized. Some men, ,,,n 'I
the game, bat uDskillful OF UNIV"
had every finger shOrn u its up
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1882-08-27
TIE CeIa o. I.ter.stelIa sesee.

Professor s. p. Langley sums up the
recent observations on Mount Whitney,
Col, by saying that they lead to. the
conclusion that In the absence OF an
atmosphere .!;e earth's temperature Of
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1882-08-27

The Use or TOada.
London Fyetd.

Toads have been used by entomOlO-
gists for the acquisition Of minute poe
turnai insects difficult to catch. A mum.
BIER are turned out ut night In district
where rare or desired insect II known
to exist. In the morning the
reptiles are recaptured, and either
deprived Of their spoils bya little gentle
pressure, or killed and ransacked. III
they could also be made subservient to
anatomical science by providing our
cabinets with astrological preparations
Of the minute vertebrate, 30 difficult TO
set IN. the poor amphibians would
prove greater value to students than
ihstmythic precious Jewel In their heads
which the exiIed Duke ascnbed TO
them.
Nut fer Nuaasnatisss - CsseA.
. 4yatehez Denpocrnf.
We were yesterday shown By Mr..
Salvo, of this city, silver coin which
IL worthy the attention Of numismattsts.
This cid relic Is Of silver, about the she
of our dime, having on the obvefBe side
the head of Marcus Antonius, or, as he
il more commonly known NJ Aurolius,
surrounded with the legend n. Anton
ius Aug. Rex XIX. The reverse dis
plays full length Roman soldier rest
ing on q spear with the legend Z. U. 3.
Ill, and something else which b iliigi.
BILE. As Marcus Antonius OF Aurelius
began bis reign In A. ID. l6O, and this
coin was struck In the nineteenth year
Of his reign, It IL just LOO years old.
The denarif Of the Augustan period are
not rare coins, numismatists having
collected them in considerable qusnti-
ties. A reverential sensation, however,
il produced when brought into the
presence of anything which has done
service in so early q period In the his
tory of the world.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1882-08-27
Who will Defend That on the Floor OF
Congress:

Every one of these soldiers and children Of
soldiers is now being blackmailed again by
the minions of the committee. Bat Mr..
Hubbell will secure his ewn five thousand
or ten thousand dollars, and therefore a re-
election from the forests of Michigan, even
il with the reputation of doing more than
any other man, with so poor ability, to dis
honor his country. There is, however, this
offSet-that, like Tetzel. he has ruined his
vile business. and probably made a sue
cessor impossible. But he need never lack
congenial occupation so long as Arab
Pasha needs money and the Egyptian fellah
has any left.
Thepretense that payments are voluntary
is almost too absurd for notice. Some Con-
gressmen, with ademagogism that would
abash Cleon, even yindicate the liberty of
the servant TO pay, as in the fable the
wolves did that of the sheep TO be outside
tie fold at night, but put them inside their
paunches before morning. IL is the know
ledge that the public servants are depend
ent and IN constant fear which alone en-
boldens the demand, which is made for a
specific sum-a demand no committee
would dare make Of any unofficial person,
And which Every such Person Would
Resent.
To increase that fear the demand, or man.
0ate, rather, DSdIo VI luc Nuuic
committee, and tells the victim that the ex-
tortion twill not be objected TO in any
official auarter"-in other words warns
him-we hope rs falsely rs cruelly-of no
mercy from the President, The usual cruel
irony about its being both privilege and
a pleasure" to be the sole and helpless
victims of Congressional extortion is not
omitted. In other words, these mandates
combine the logic Of demagogue, the in.
situations Of Jesuit, the menace Of a rob-
Der, and the cruelty OF Turk
There are unquestionably some ready to
pay: among them the born funkeys, the
adroit schemers. the disciplined henchmen.
They are everywhere found in the tenant.
class. In England, for example, they are
foremost when q young landlord comes oil
age, or baby is born 70 him; forming pro
cessions, firing guns. collecting assessment.
for presents; but always expecting and
generally getting rich reward. So mis-
chieyous have they become in our SERVES
that Congress has forbidden tR. :. 1854
CLERKS +! d snPi' So collecting money fol
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1882-08-27

Pledges were ssorned. Leaders sold
themselves. The primary organizations,
no longer representative. were permanent
committees for extorting assessments,
selling nominations and dividing patron
age and profits New York city, for ex-
ample, with about fifty thousand Repub-
lican voters, having less than seven th1us-
and members Of primary organizations;
and no man could become q memb er with
out the most degrading pledges. la Au-
gust. 1871. Mr.. Cornell, the present Cover
nor of New York saws i'm a letter which
got into the pres A very i1rse portion
If iU4, u. piSlicaas icCs.-. vi 10 u Ae
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1882-08-27

to which the people are ready to give their
approval and their money. Statesmen
would have seen that what was needed to
keep the Republican party in power was
not more money eXtorted by fear and eX-
pended in secrecy, not more coercion OF
primaries and more despOtiSm in conyen-
lions, but fidelity to principles, the fulfill
ment Of pledges TO purify the administra-
ton, open and patriotic appeals TO the
people for support, the nomination OF the
best men for office, and the suppression OF
corrupt patronage-especially on the part
of congressman.
The original spoils system had four fund
amentsl, mutually supporting elements Of
strength: ~ Absolute military subor-
iination Of each grade 10 that above, from
the chieftain 10 the suffers of the party.
(2) All places and salaries 70 be given
primarily as rewards for party work done
or to be done. and to be held at the pleasure
of its managers. C3.) Every official under
obligation 70 do such work upon the man
ayers order, on pain OF dismissal; and pro
motion, increase OF salary, and long yaca-
tons, as rewards for special zeal in that
work. a. The payment by every official
and employe of whatever assessments the
mansgers may be pleased to make upon
salaries and wages, or peremptOry removal:
the money TO be used BY the managers,
without account or responsibility, at their
discretion. Office was not trust,
But q Perquisite Rented out
-one part of the rent being work, aud the
other money; the duty OF cheering, prats-
ing, and playing turnkey being implied.
No other power was so tempting as the
money-collecting power; by which the
partisan treasury could be surely supplied
and the party managers pockets often
filled-s power mere absolute than any orr
entail despot ever welded over the earnings
of his subjects.
Such reasons naturally prevented the eN-
tortiUb pdtl ui a.: >ysIriu Or-mg pat "a
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
All About Postage Stamps.

The portrait Of Benjamin Franklin
on the one-cent stamp, in imperial ul-
tramarine blue, is after profile bust
by Rubricht. The head of Andrew
Jackson on the two-cent stamp, in YER
million, is from a bust by Hiram Pow
ers. The Washington. head on the
green three-eent stagnp is after Hou-
don's celebrated bust. The head on
The fve-cent blue stamp is that Of
Zachary Taylor. The Lincoln profile,
in red, on the six-cent stamp, is after a
bust by Volk. The seven-cent stamp,
in vermilion, gives the head of Stan
ton, after a photograph. The head OF
Jefferson on the ten-cent stamp, in
chocolate, is drawn from life-size
statue by Hiram Powers. The por-
trait Of Henry Clay, in neutral purple,
on the twelve-cent stamp, is after a
bust by Hart. The head Of Webster,
on the ffteen-cent stamp, in orange,
is after the Clevinger bust. The por-
trait Of General Scott on the twenty
four cent stamp, in purple, is after a
bust by Coffee. The head of Hamil-
ton on the the thirty-cent stamp, in
black, is after the Cerrachi bust; and
the portrait of Commodore Oliver
Hazard Perry, in carmine, on the
ninety-cent stamp, is after Wolcott's
statue. The style in which these ad-
hesive stamps are printed, and the
clearness Of outline Of the several por-
traits, as well as the artistic excellence
of the engraving, reflect credit on the
head of the postofice department, Mr..
Creswell, under whose authority they
were executed. The seven, twelve and
twenty-four cent stamps have been re-
tired from use. The new fve-cent
stamp is a portrait Of Garfield, from
aphotograph Of which the queen had
copy, and which was approved by
Mrs. Garfield.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
POPULAR SCIENCE.

Chemically regarded mica is made Of
silica, albumina and potash. Silica is
one Of the hardest substances in na-
ture, kitown in its purest and most
beautiful form as foek crystal.
A tree called the travellers tree, of
Madagascar, yields copious supply Of
fresh water from its leaves, very CRATE
full to the traveller. It grows in the
most arid countries, and is a good
proof Of the wonderful wisdom Of ma
ture.
Experiments with a submarine tele-
phone were made the other day at
Hayre, France. "A ship was sent out
considerable distance on the ocean
with wire, and the result proved that
the voice can be transmitted under
water more distinctly and louder even
than on land.
DR.. Hanamann has pointed out that
the practice of removing leaves and
twigs from wood covered land is a per
nicious one, as it deprives the soil Of
the nutriment which the decay Of the
vegetable matter would have returned
to it, and also impairs the soils power
of retaining moisture.
A quality of California redwood is
its ready absorption of water when
heated, which, for a time, makes it al
most freproof. The q1ickness with
which fires are extinguished in San
Francisco has often been remarked,
and the celerity with which blazing
buildings are often transformed into
charred remnants is greatly facilita-
ted by the entire lack Of resinous ele-
ment in the redwood lumber.
The amount Of water which passes
through the roots of a plant is enor-
nous. DR.. Lawes, of England, has
found that an average of 1000 pounds
Of water Is absorbed by plant for
every pound Of mineral matter assim-
lated by it. AT the French agricul-
tural observatory at Montsours it was
found that 7,762 pounds Of water
passed through the roots OF the wheat
crop for 104 pounds Of grain produced,
or 727 pounds for each pound of grain
in rich soil; while in a very poor soil
1,616 pounds were passed through the
same quantity of wheat for a product
of about half pound of grain, or
1858 pounds Of water for each pound
Of grain.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
The Sounds Of Venice.

1 Ishould go even further than went
Just now, and say that the voice of the
gondolier is, in fact, the sound of Ven
ice. There is scarcely any other, and
that, indeed, is part Of the interest Of
the place. There is no noise there save
distinctly human noise; no rumbling,
40 vague uproar, nor rattle Of wheels
and hoofs. 1t is sll articulate, personal
sound. One may say, indeed, that
Venice is, emphatically, the city Of
conversation; people talk all over the
place, because there is nothing to in
terfere with their being heard. Among
the populace it is a kind of family
party. The still water carries the
voice, and good Venetians exchange
condolences at a distance Of half a
mile. It saves world Of trouble, and
they don't like trouble Their de-
lightful garrulous language helps
them to make Venetian life long
onversazione.-He Henry James. IT., in
The Century.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
The Yosemite Valley.

The Yosemite Valley, currently
spoken of as the valley" simply, is in
cluded in a belt formed by drawing
lines across the State from San Fran
cisco and Monterey respectively. 1t is
wild, strange nook, far to the east
ward among the wintry Sierras. 1t
perhaps hardly comes within the scope
of our inquiry, yet I cannot refrain
from making mention Of it as a place
not only not disappointing, but worthy
of even more praise than has ever been
bestowed upon it. 1t is like one of
those dimly mysterious spots situated
on the outskirts of the fairy-land OF
paradise described in the story books.
1t is astanding diversion and field of ad-
venture to all who come to California,
either temporarily or to take up a per
manent abode. / reached the Yosemite
by astage ride Of sixty miles from the
Southern Pacific railroad at MADEIRA to
Clark's Station, and thence by stage
and horseback journey of twenty-five
miles further.
The. autumn days were lovely there.
The foliage, turned by local climate
quite as severe as that Of New Eng
land, glowed with a vivid richness. A
gentle stream, pausing in mirror like
pools, meanders among it, along the
bottom Of the valley, which is as level
as floor. Walls Of rock rise on either
hand to an incredible height. The
place is rather chasm than a valley.
At night full yellow moon irradiated
it and invested its wonders with
heightened enchantment. The cliffs
here are what it seems that cliffs
should be but seldom are. They are
Of the hardest granite, pleasantly gray
in color, and terminate in castle and
dome-like forms. The precipices are
sheer and unbroken to the base.
They have almost none of those
slopes Of debris that detract from
the height of precipices in general
1t is little valley that would have
been suitable. without hair's-breadth
of alteration, to the purposes Of any
giant, enchanter or yellow dwarf Of
romance. This is the kind Of quaint
impression to which it gives rise. 1t
is such scenery as that which Dore has
imagined for the "Idyls Of the King"
and one should be Sir Lancelot or Sir
Gawain riding in on his charger in
search Of adventure along this lovely
and majestic mountain trail. He
should wear chain-mail and winged
helmet on his head and good sword
by his side, upon the cross Of which he
had sworn to do deeds of redoubtable
valor. Hdgper's Magazine.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
FACTS FOR THE CURIOUS.


A species cf cactus j. made useful
in Florida. The strong fiber Of its
leaves is turned into rope, it, juice into
a pleasant beverage and its trunk, after
the removal Of the piths into pals.
It is related of the Tahftians that,
when Captain Cook first burst into
their lonely isle, they were using nails
of wood, bone, shell or stone, and that
when they beheld the iron nails they
conceived them to be shoots Of some
very hard wood, and, accordingly, de-
sirous Of securing to their own island
such a valuable commodity, planted
them in their gardens.
Flint was Used very early as cut
ting instrument by the nations 50 for
tunate as to possess it. A sort of saw,
which passed for knife, consisted Of
flakes of flint inserted in wooden
handles and secured by bitumen or by
lastings Of gut or sinews. Obsedian
was used in The same way. The
South Sea islanders had DO flint or OBJ
sedan, and used shell, splinters cf
bamboo and fakes Of tortoise shell
In Australia there is a handsome
shrub known as the "stinging tree"
1t grows to be about ten feet in height
Dogs, when stung by it, win rush
about, whining piteously and biting
pieces from the injured part. Hunters
know the tree by its odor, which il
disagreeable, and thus many persons
escape the sting. a traveller writes
that the sting leaves no mark, but the
pain is agonizing. For months after
ward the place hurt is tender in rainy
weather.
French enterprise is steadily perse-
vering in the work of redeeming the
desert of Saraha by means Of artesian
wells. A large number of wells have
been sunk along the northern border,
more than $50 in the province Of Con-
stantine alone, and the work il ad-
vancing into the interior. One Of the
curious phenomena which tie digging
Of these wells has brought to notice is
the existence of fish and crabs at great
depths. The learned engineer, M. Jus,
who for twenty years has directed the
work, AYERS that he once boiled and
ate crab which had been drawn up
from depth of ESQ feet, and that,
moreover, it was Of an excellent favor
Th6 apparatus used for the purpose
Of measuring the heighth Of the Nile
is situated on the island Of Roda, op-
posite Cairo. 1t consists Of a square
well or chamber, in the center Of
which is a graduated pillar divided
into seventeen cubits, each about
twenty-one and seven-sixteenth inches
long. Owing to the elevation
Of the bed Of the Nile the
relative proportion Of the rise Of
water has been altered, and II
now passes about one cubit and two
thirds above the highest part Of the
column. The state Of the stream Is
proclaimed in the streets Of Cairo
during the inundation every day by
several criers, to each of whom q par
ticular district is allotted. From twen-
ty-four to twenty-six feet may be taken
as the ordinary maximum Of the rise
at Cairo.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
Fasl EatiGd:

Mastication performed in haste, says
an exchange, must be imperfect, even
with the best Of teeth, and due admix-
ture Of the saliyary secretion Of the
food cannot take place. Whena crude
mass of inadequately crushed muscu.
lar fiber; or undivided solid material Of
any description, is thrown into the
stomach, it acts as a mechanical irri-
tant, and sets up a condition in the
mucous membrane lining that organ
which greatly impedes, if it does not al
together prevent, the process Of diges-
tion. When the practice of eating
quickly and filling the stomach with
unprepared food is habitual the d.
gestiye organ is rendered incapable Of
performing its proper functions
Either much larger quantity of food
than would benecessary under natural
conditions, is required, or the sys:
tenn suffers for the lack of nourish-
ment. Those animals which were in
tended to feel hurridly were either
gifted with the power Of rumination,
or provided with gizzards. Man is
not so furnished, and it is fair to as
sumo that he was intended to eat
slowly. We must apologize for re-
minding our readers Of facts so famil.
lar: but we do this in the hope that
any who chance to have influence with
the managers of large hotels where
dinners la table d'hote are in vogue,
will take measures to bring about a
much needed reform in which these
entertainments are conducted. At the
best and most frequented establish
ments in places Of fashionable resort,
where multitudes of health-seekers are
wont to congregate, the hurried dinners
are not only causes of annoyance, but
actually go far to prevent the benefit
which should be derived from a change
No sooner is one course served than
another is introduced, without giving
the guest time to digest or even swal-
low the first. The eagerness to secure
good dividends takes a particularly
mischievous form, when it piles food
on the plate Of customer and COM
pels him to consume it breathlessly.
The matter may seem small one, but
it is not SO. Just as man may go on
for years, with defective teeth, imper-
fectly masticating his food, and won
dering why he suffers from indigestion,
SO a man may habitually live under
an infliction Of hurried dinners, and
endure the consequent loss Of health.
without knowing why he is not well,
or how easily the cause of his illness
might be remedied.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
Names Taken From the Trades.

The Baxters belong to the same class
as the Masons, the Carpenters, the
Taylors, the Smiths, the GARDENERS and
the Fullers. In fact, the surnames
derived from trades or occupations are
more numerous than those of any other
class, except patronymics and place
names. Some of them belong to ex-
isting trades, like those quoted above
while others represent obsolete trades
Or at least obsolete trade termin0logy,
like the Fletchers, or arrow makers,
the Arblasters, who manufactured
cross bows or arblasts (arcubalistR),
and the fuckers, who worked in the
tucking mills where cloth was prepared
for market. A man who bakes is
called Baker; but in earlier times a
woman who baked was called Bake
ster, or Baxter. SO man VINO brews
is Brewer, while woman who
brews is a Brewster. In medieval
English the termination "ster7 was
a feminine one; and it still sur
wives with its primitive Specification
in spinster. A huckster was origi-
nally a marketwoman, but the word
has now come to mean anybody, male
or female, who hawks about goods in
the public streets. The same change
has come over maltster, throwster and
many other analogous words. But
sundry surnames will show US the two
forms side BY side, as in Webber and
Webster. Hence we may conclude
that the ancestor of all the Baxters
was woman who kept a bakehouse.
Why her descendants should take their
name from her, rather than from their
father, is easy enough to understand
on number of natural hypothesis.
Joan Baxter may in one place have
been widow, whose children would,
Of course, be called after her; in an-
other place she might be person of
some character, while her husband
was field laborer or ne'er-do-wel,
and in another, again, there might be
two Piers gardeners or two Wat Car
ters in the same village, so that it
might be more convenient to describe
the youngsters by their mothers call
ing than by their fathers.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
WALTZ!

The winter scarce was over,
Some snowfakes tarried yet,
When in q garden corner
A little root T set.
The friend who sent it promised
That it should surely bring
To me some fragrant treasures
Before the aightof spring,
And patiently I waited,
AS April came and went,
And May taught all the song-birds
A song of sweet content.
But bonny spring departed,
And June the roses brought,
And, save two slender green leaves,
The rootlet gave me naught.
And SO my mem'ry lost it,
And summer also passed,
When in the garden corner,
One dag found, at last,
A very pearl of lilies
A snow-white flower gem
With conscious beauty trembling
Upon graceful stem.
OIL weary hearts, take courage,
With Faith and Patience wait;
Though sown to blossom early,
Full many joys bloom late.
The blessings due in spring-time
May linger on the way,
And like my pearl of lilies,
Make sweet an autumn day.
Margaret Eytinge, in Ehrich's Quarterts
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02

him what an angel you are. we have
talked it all over. And about this
money! couldn't make up my mind
to toucha cent Of it If were starving.
I shall found hospital with it. Mr.;
Billings is to help me. We have talked
it all over; ! don't care for splendor
any longer; I have found out, Miss
Eulalie, that love is best."-Harper's
fU.si;5si
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02

Grasshoppers were venerated in
Greece both as sacred and musical. The
Athenians wore gold ones in their hair
to denote the antiquity Of their race,
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02
professional and Business Card,
JOSEPH T. sIcKLER,

AND
MASTER IN CHANcwRx.
rarticular attention to foreelozng Msrtgagss end
N s.-Also general Real Estate Broker, Merit
cages bought or ssld on commission. Lsrsl
papers carefully drawn
MANTUA. NEW JERSEY.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02

Banged heads are fashionable among
ladies and the prize ring only,
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1882-11-02

six hundred lions were killed AT ona
show given BY the Roman Pompey.