The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1882-07-08
The Cork Tree.
IS GROWTH, rnopucrs AND Utility.

" I
The tree from which is obtained the
cork of commerce is a species of ever.
green oak, growing in several of the de-
partments of France, Spain. Portugal,
Sicily, Italy and Algeria. 1t is princi-
paiiy cultivated, however, in Spain and
Portugal. This species of oak loses its
foliage only in the month of May, n
when the new growth of leaves is sufi-
Ciently strong TO replace the old ones Of
The preceding year. 1t flowers in May
and its fruit is fit for gathering only in
the month of November Of the next sea-
son that is, eighteen months after flow
ering. Its acorns are less astringent
than those of other species of oaks, and
are used for fattening swine, sheep and
poultry. They are also employed to q
considerable extent in the manufacture
of certain kinds of fecula.
The cork oak hourishes best in arid,
sandy soils, and under favorable condi-
lions reaches the height of 40 to50 feet,
with a circumference of 10 to 10 feet.
The trunk, from it's base up to where the
first branches begin, is 8 TO 10 feet long )
and it is this portion of the tree from
which is peeled the bark that constituted
the cork of commerce. This substance,
"cork," consists of the outer layer of the
bark, which by annual additions from
within, gradually becomes a thick, spon-
gy mass, the rapidity of growth deter
mining the quality of the bark. Aquick
growth is represented by a fine grain and
light weight; a slow growth p~roducinga
contrary effect. The bark, if allowed to
remain on the tree, becomes SO tissured
and cracked As to be unfit for use.
There are two varieties of the cork bark
known in commerce, the white N the
black the former of these is the prod
$40 Of traag yrnuyinn in Franco onI thu
latter of those cultivated in Spain. The
white is superior to the other on account
of its greater beauty, its smoothness, and
greater freedom from cracksandinequa
tiles. 1t is Of a yellowish-gray color on
both surfaces, and cuts ION account of its
much ner grain) more smoothly than
the black. The operation of stripping
the bark takes place when the trees
have attained the g of 15 to 20 years
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placed between two chucks, and by push
ing the plane along the groove the cork
Is caused to rotate in front of the knife
as ii passes along.
No economic use is made of the cork
oak except that of fuel, although il
might be useful as a timber, since it is
very heavy. and as hard as lockwood.