New-York tribune., 1882-08-14

carbons and the other with the other carbon cur
rent of electricity being supplied to the springs
flows up one carbon to its end and across the inter
veninr space by n fine perishable conductor TO tho
other carbon thus forming an electric arc. Inc
function of this small conductor is merely to start
tbe currept over the space between the carbons
After the current s started 10 forms an arc at tho
end of the carbons and since they are burned down
NJ tho same rate no mechanism required TO keep
their ends adjusted to each other. The Insulating
and supporting material, generally some SUBSTANCE
like lme is heated to incandescence ana vaporlz'd
by the al playing across 1t, giving mellow tone
to the light and avoiding that CHASTITY hue common
TO regular are light In practice 1t was found
that on account OF imperections IN the cartoons they
did not burn down at equal rates; but by the use OF
alternating currents, making succcssvely each
point of the carbons positive and negative poe'
they were made to burn in equal quantities IN the
same time. When this point was reached, Jabolch-
koff abandoned the unequal rods cut from Tetort
carbon. and adopted composite cylindrical car
bons made by NJ. Carre.
The Jablochkoff candle rs now used consists OF
two carbon pencils II inches in length and l-l6 OF
an inch in diameter tipped with thin sheet brass at
the bottom and held III place Mt a fixed distance
apart by chalk, line or mixture, pressed mo
strip somewhat less than eighth OF m inch thick
and grOOved on each side rs 10 ut partly arouhu
tho carbons. Tho tops of the carbons are beYeied on
toward each other and dipped slightly IN paste OF
gum and powdered carbon to provide fuse TO start
tho current from one carbon to the other 1t is only
necessary to slip the brassippel end one OF these
candles between two springs which are connected
70 the two extremities Of a suitable circuit, and we
have in working order Jablochkof light equal in
mower to the light of any of the expensive regulator
| Iamps. which have at the top o of machinery,
| and one which, instead of requiring a skilled and
| expensive trimmer, can be attended by the most
| ignorant and unskilled man. "
| There il no limit TO the length of time for which
| n Jablochkof lamp may be constructed to burn.
| Fresh CARTONS may be put III lamp without III
any way disturbing the carbon that Is burning at
the time thus rendering 1t possible to keep IN opera
tion powerful light continuously for any length OF
| time. ~ . r,. .
derived from almost any of the well known forms
of electric generators The machines mostly IN use
| are .JabochkOns generator Invented tor the puI-
| pose and Siemens's alternating machine.
| In regard TO the economy OF the system great
| deal NAV be said. The power required Is less than
one horse power per light; The hghts are about
equal in briancy TO regular arc lights. ne lamps
| unless embodied IN handsome fixtures are 80 mex
| pensive as to form an lnconsideraDe part OF the
| apparatus. The generators and caroOns are tDoul
eolaI in cost to those OF other systems no lamps
can be operated by any ignorant man AFTER rGceN-
ing AN hours instruction, whereas regulator ramps
require ski led and therefore expensive attendant
This is of great importance rs the cost Oh aIIend-
ance is one of the largest items III running electric
| Iiphts The ght given off BY tine JaDlochkOn can
die Is soft alb olutely steady there being no lrieg-
| ullrly moving machinery connected with the car,
bons and mellow. The light is made OF any desired
tint by varying the composition OF tht thsiDle lnsu-
| lauOn between tbe carbOnS. lhlS Insulation, Wheh
| heated hy the current adds to the light by giving
sort of lime-ght and reduces tie resistance 10 me
pass &c of the current between the GhiOoi1 hor @
resul in a saving of power. 1he JaDiOchkoH Is an
arc light in which there Is no regulator 10 reuuce
| the current and move the carbols lrregmarly, ana
no space to be jumped by the current IL l. an IN
| mn n
| to any temperature, thus reducing To q minimum
| tho part of the current Whlch Is lost IN
bringing he carbons to the point OF luminosity Inc
| company is organized with capital OF -, OOOOOO,
large amount of which Is neld by tine parent French
company and the remainder DY Gndica'9L L oI o lev
New York capitalists. NJ. jules SaIcia, the cheI
electrician, is absent on an extended trap III Europe
| examining the details and latest improvements III
JabOchkofi apparatus
THE UNITED STATES AND THE WESTON ELECTRIC
| LIGHT COMPANY.
The United States aud Weston Company has It's
principal Office at No. 100 Broadway, and has facto
ries in this city and Newark Nj. 1t was organized IN
| June 1873 and commenced at once to develop and
| Introduce the Inventions of Mr.. Hiram ). Maxim
relating to electricity. A small factory was fitted
m NJ the corner of Twenty y-ffth-st and SiXthave.
and later more extensive works purchased on
the corner of Avenue b and Seyeneenth-st., wh're
a factory 100 feet square and six stories high was
| fitted up with the most approved machinery. This
| factory is devoted chiefly to the manufacture of
| Maxim's incandesccut lamps aud the Maxim arc
| lamps and machines.
Early in 1850 the managers of the company OBJ
| tanned the control Of the National Electric Light
and Power Company, owning the patents of Mr..
| Otto Heikel and soon after they made an agree
ment with Professor Moses G.. Farmer by which
| this company purchased his patents and obtained
his services a. electrician. This company has, from
time to time, purchased other patents, and has also
obtained contr0lcf the Weston Company, by which
they secured not only the valuable inventions, pat
euts and manufacturing facilities owned by that
company. but the exclusive services of Mr. Edward
Weston as an inventor and electrician. The Weston
| Comrany had been organized in June, 1877 under
| the laws OF New-Jcrsey, and had been engaged i'll
! developing and introducing the inventions of 3lr
Weston relating the electric light and other ap-
| pllcations Of electricity. The company had been
very successful in business, and had sold large
number OF eeciric-lighting plants, and had a large
factory at Newark, which is still retained and has
been very greatly enlarged by the United States
| Company. Ar. WeStOn's laboratory is connected
with this factory. The United states Company
now owns or controls more than one hundred pat
euts and has a large number OF applications still
pending IN the Patent Office.
2hc Weston are system has been adopted by this
company as Its principal system for arc
| Lighting although the Maxim system
still used to considerable extent
The Weston arc lamp differs from others chiefly in
the mechanism for feeding the carbOns together
which is extremely simple and sensitive in opera
ton. Mr. Westou's system also differs from others
in the nature Of the current used. The lamps work
with shorter arc or separation between the car
bons and the current is OF lower eoctrO-mOiyc
force and greater quantity than IN any other sys-
TEN. THIS renders the apparatus less dangerous,
and the light produced IS of a superior color very
steadN and of grenter amantitY for gIven eXpendi-