Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1882-01-28
CITY AND DISTRICT.
an Oieornarsarine Factory i'm West
Warrington.
THg METHOD Or PRODUCING BUTTER PROM ANIMAL

Tas METHOD Or PRODUCING BUTTER YR0I ANIMAL
The manufacture OF oieoTn 1rgarine has lately
been b~-ua here by the But hers cooperative as
socfatlon 81 their factory Water street west Of
F.gh street. The following Is brief description
Of the methods emplOyed:-Selected fat is received
At The factory from the butchers within a fevT
hours after the killing of the cattle. The fat Is
then thoroughly washed 10 free it OF all adhcTing
blood and other impurities; first In tepid water,
then N cold water. The pieces, rich IN Oil. are
then 'srefGily selected being cut from the pieces
less rich I'm oil. The latter are thrown into tubs
that mad their way To the ta!loS cauldron The
TAT S-lHt 81 for the butter, or rather oil, making
CAS- yet nothing but the Oil is made ut this factory
then Ind@r-,OeS u process OF htSnlng and netting
The hlSbing machine Is an iron cylinder prov, ded
with revolving knile-bIades. which cut no the tat
IL = fell In at one end OF the machine. IL Is then
forced out through peTfOr% ted plate at the other
ent The thorough breaking up OF the tissues
c1Sf's titr oil 70 separate from the fat at a low
temperature, and thus prevents the devel0pfnent
OF rank or tallOwy flavor, which excessive heat
prOiHcCS. The disintegTated fat Is then melted
IN cIudrOns, which are surrounded with water.
The r,being heated by steam, effectSthe melt
Ing OF the ft when the temperature has reached le
Tn III degrees. When completely melted, which
requires dDOuttwO to three hours, the contents D!
the cduiirons are allowed to stand until they de-
post the fragments OF membrane on the bottom
forming ''acrlp" On top is formed thin layer OF
while emulsion of oil ana w>ter.whch Is removed,
alter which the clear yellow oil Is drawn OF into
vessels which are removed To the press. Here it is
allowed 90 rest about twenty-iour hours at tenn
prfaiure of 80 degrees, during which time The Oil
grsGiGI3teS by the cry StallZation or its Stearln
The next step Is to remove and separate the st3a-
ria from tle refined fat by Straining under pres
sure This Is done by placing it in cloths, set in
mounds. and placed on galvanized plates In
press, here it is subjected to gradually increas
Ing pressure, under which the fluid Oil Is ex-
pressed, leaving the hard cakes of stearln. The
resulting product is a clear, sweet, yellow OIL, sub
Stantfally the same rs the OIL OF butter. In this
poses. To convert the butter-ol into butter
ChOush, as before stated, as yet only the oil Is
made IN this establishment it is churned with
milk for about twenty minutes, 1t Is then drawn
on into tub OF pounded Ice in which it suddenly
coos without granUlatiOH- After remaining here
from one To three hours 1t is worked over and the
pieces Of Ice removed, 1t Is again churned with
about IN equal quantity of milk. After the second
rhlrhlng the ocomarg1rlne goes through the
same operations OF working. Sailing, etc, rs In
ordinary butter.
JUDGE STRONG iron "THB HISTORY OF THE
CoN$rfrUTIoS."-The first of a series OF lectures
uDon the Constitution OF the United States, pre-
paTe;i by Judge Strong since his retirement from
the supreme Court bench, was delivered Thursday
night before the law school of the Columbian
University. The distinguished lecturer first
fcrred 10 the necessity of knowledge OF the
and pointed out the fact that In no other govern
ment did a written Constitution, prepared by the
governed, play the same important part as in the
United states With US there Is constant
reference to rights secured by the Constitution,
reference rarely made in other countries; and
tn. nations organic law becomes leading branch
Oflegai study As a preliminary to the consider
alton OF the instrument itself. Judge Strong then
Sketched the circumstances which led to its for
nation He pictured the early American colon les,
touched upon their origin, their relation To one
another. their SfmiaritieS in race, language, re-
Hgion and laws, and showed that, substantially
they viewed themselves and were viewed by
Great Britain as one people. The various con-
suifttionS OF the colonies for common purposes,
the events preceding the Revolutionary war and
the Declaration OF Independence, by which the
colonies not singly, but in body, announced
dissolution OF the ties which bound one people to
another, 'were then considered. review OF the
continental Congress and the government under
the articles OF confederation followed. The weak
ness OF this government, operating upon states
not upon individuals, and unable to enforce It's
decisioT, was wildly pictured. Having impressed
upon his hearers the habits, thoughts, feelings
and general condition or the people who adopted
the Constitution the causes which led to the for
nation Of the instrument, and more parti ,ulariy
the detects OF the government under the articles
or confederation which the Constitution WAS in
tented 10 remedy, Judge Strong brought his re-
marks to close The lecture throughout was re-
piete with historic interest, and the audience by
close attention and hearty applause indicated
their appreciation OF the intellectual treat with
which they had been favored.
PRESBYTERIAN CHAPEL ENTERTAISMEST.-TupSd
evening the congregation wor5liiping at Clabaugh
ht1, lith street. near X. held another OF their
agreeable "SOctahlcS." whrh WIS largely attended
and admirably arranged. Mr. Ri. hard Thompson
ON the piano, by Miss Jennie u. Tu.tin and Miss
Marian AntiseQ; reading. By E. Il. Hodge esq, of
college Hill; solo, by Miss kibby; reading by
Miss Anti~el; solo, Little Ben Lee by George
A VI tftN0ct, esq; reading, by j. H. Whitaker,
esd, AM duatt, by Misses Daniels and Easter,
rection of Mr. Patch, Mrs ElIidge and Mrs
ttou.e>, AMI Ii was demonstrated by the facility