The Red Cloud chief., 1882-06-08

- ts%N 80 49, "a tAAn lI III
with large ones without the capital q,
work them. This truth. almost self
evident. Is ut length beginning TO dawn
on the perception o. The Eaglssh farmer
: -Dot q very acute one. But his pres.
ent difficulties and necessities hsvc
summoned up the strength Of his intel
lect. and shouId he sac,ced in master.
ing The problem. and find out the mis-
take under which he has been long lab
orlng-then n new -tafe of things will
arise; and large farms will be subIisid.
ed into small ones. with q separate
homestead erected on each. When
8 this comes TO paSs-if IL ever do-your
Emigration Commissioners II Castle
Garden viii have less work or their
hands nj least as regards looking after
emigrants from England. Taking En-
glish farms rs they are now. ore of 80
acres would not be considered TN ex-
traordinarily large one. though above
the average. Tho orthodox average
size VIII be nearer hzlf this, or SAG 2eD
acres; and TO such. be it understood.
arc The remarks thst follow chiefly con-
fined.
Approaching the homestead Of an
English farmer. the traveller. il a
stranger 20 the country. will be surprised
TO see il placed in seemingly the very
worst spot on the farm. the most incon-
venient for its purposes. Nor is this 3
seeming. but a reality: the site in q
majority of cases being against "a steep
decliyity. where there is barely enough
level ground 20 turn n wagon about
upon Why this is cannot tell, nor
can any one else whom l have consult !
eel on the subject. II is one Of those
obscure and perverse things whose very |
perrersiiy courts inquiry while detying !
explanation. English roads often run |
straight up the ~stecIcst face Of q hill, |
when a slight turn TO right or left would
conveniently avoid IL. But for this
there is an assignabie reason: they are
on the routes of the ancient track
WAYS before wheels came into
Use, traversed only by the pack
horse, and that under saddle. But
the farmhouse, hung. as it were,
on the hillside. where il has been
hanging for a period beyond memory. is
n puzzle even TO the ar~chao'o1ist. In
itself IL is n structure SUI qeRerIS. unlike
anything else in the way of dwelling
place. The eye encounters q grand ar
ray of walls, six 10 ten feet high, with
several red-!iled roofs, sometimes slated.
rising above them; one of these being
the barn, often big rs a town-hall or
church. Others Of less dimensions are
the stable. cow-housc and cart-she,is. all
set around and partially inclosing the
farm-yard or folder" This is a large.
nnpaved space, Uttered all over with
straw, in which cattle and ~cart-horses
stand knee-deep. In winter and wet
weather il becomes muck" when the
farm laborers, who must needs pass
through, walk in il up to their ankles.
Outside is the rick-yard. or "rick-fold-
err where the eye is feasted on n ike
P~rodigahty of straw; put TO a still less
profitable use, or rather to no use ut all
stacks OF IL left unmatched, and rotting
under the winters rain! Yet taken 10
market when i'm good condition, or
offered Tor sale where it stands, il would
command aprice Of two pounds and ten
shilEings sterling per ton, almost as {
much as hay. But there is a clause In :
the farmers agreement OF tenancy !
which hindcrs his selling the straw I
"off the land IL must be consumed !
on it; and the cottager living close by, !
who a a '.botting' to bed his PIC. !
or bait his donkey with, cannot get il !
there, but must often go miles for the I
commodity, to some other farmer who
chances TO be a freebooter. This with n
holding the right to dispose of his straw
as he pleases-the reason. TO prevent 8
Impoverished of the lands one OF Il
the English farmers grievances; no a
slight one either. and NAV often be the C
"straw which breaks the camel's back" 9
forcing him into bankruptcy. 1
In the midst of the farm buildings, or u
a little TO N side of them. is the dwell i
itself. inconspicuous, and generally .
oil mean appearance. Enter it, and il y
n stranger you will be ushered into the :.
parior. small and fairly well furnished. :,
though with a somwhat cold. uncom- :,
Portable aspect, fires being only kept up =
IN IL when there is a guest. Bu. the "
real abode and common sitiing-room of :
the family is the kitchen. n more ample =
with tiled or tagged floor, :,
covered by a spread of cocoa-tiber mat =
a ~high-backcd settle" slightly =
in shape, occupies one side of tho I,
Fireplace. and possibly a stout. heavy =,
the other. The common Gu -
|inary utensils will not be seen here. but -
IN a sculiery or smaller Kitchen ut back, :.
where most of the cooking is also done. y
Meals are served in the cocoa-carpeteG =.
;itting-room. on a table neither splen- =,
Idly appointed nor luxuriouslv -.
spread. The American who has -
cad Harriet Martineau and the "a
(William and Mary) will no al
iou.bt imagine that the English farmer =,
ares of the beSt-old yeomanry STYLE - y
yrand joints of roast beef, yenisoa "'
plum pIddings and the like. "
fanc;fui-anthors' ~fancies. Never ~
their description e life mora unlike :, !"
Is reality, on If II ever was real | can "
mpha,iealy affirm it is not So now st
The farmer fare may be plen,eous. but =
is aught but nice. and barely pala,ab,e.
ain roasting and boiling are all of the
urinary art known to his wife and her
ne-there is usually only one-female
Among the coua.ry people ~
I England there is absolutely nothing Oh
de to he called a cqiS,ae. The ma
cotch and Irish have their dishes" Y"
.me OF them appetizing and excellent: 'o
Ut with the English il is roast or boiled. IA
hop. steak and rasher of bacon-noth- On
ig besides. tii
As already said. the farmer ordinarily IN
eeps Only one female servant, a rouch ~,
,untr, girl, little trained. and having ~
light knowledge of household duties in
he 'genteel" way. Where there is a ~,
rye family of children there NAV be a
'cond, half house, half nurse maid. OF CO,
pe~n-servants. who eat and sleep on the :.
there are none save some nh
a lout of q boy, who has his bed :.
the toilet" or some such roost over Tin
I'm. stable or granary. All man-sery- n.
e about the place is performed by the tho
nm laborers. who being on board wa s,s,
s. have no residential footing in the bor
They come to it at six bn;
m. go away At six p. m; these s,c,
NUTS :" must districts. tler
by horses. the men laborers are h,r
": three or four, with a WAGNER boy, RS.
ing thought sufficient for a farm of t;n.
o acres, ever with half \ dozen mich 80