The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1882-07-07
FARM NOTES.

1ASTURES.-FeW OF our farmers nave
yet learned the advantages of the prac-
tice of the English farmers In establish
| ing what are intended to be permanent
pastures, of sowing not only clover and
| timothy, but several other varieties Of
seeds In connection with them. In this
way they avoid the loss of time which
most OF our farmers suffer, when nature
IS taxed to make turf after the clover
| and timothy are gone. Nature will In
time do this work, as is shown by our
roadsides, that were formerly pastured
very closely by cattle running at large.
The MORAL ADVANTAGES OF Coop
ROADS. The Country Gentleman, In
speaking of road making, has this to say:
!" Good roads are financial, moral and
rel'gious blessing. Nearness to market
and mechanics shops is great and con-
slant advantage, and a hard, smooth
road, four miles long, is practically short
er than one of two miles made of mud,
ruts and stones. To the farmer, whose
business requires him to go to the neigh
boring village, three miles distant, twice
week, it makes quite difference
whether he drives these 600 miles with
ease and rapidity over fine track, or
plunges and jolts, with an occasional
broken wagon, over continued obstruc-
lions. Good roads enable the country
resident to take his family to lectures
| and places for worship, and favor the
| dissemination of useful knowledge In
many different ways, thus becoming i'm
portant agents in promoting education
in the community. They are, in short,
one of the surest indications of q civil
lied people"
| TRAINING TOMATOES. Those who have
never trained tomato plant are not
aware how much may be done with it. IT
nothing more can be done, it will pay in
the excellence of fruit to merely lay down
lot of brush to keep the vines from the
| ground. A support or trellis of some
kind can be very easily constructed.
Supports of poles, wire, Iath, or what
ever will hold up the vines are such an
improvement over the slip-shod method
that we cannot too strongly advise some
thing of the kind. In village garden
| the vines may be fastened to board
fence or may be trained against the side
of barn, or shed or other building,
fastened as needed by loops of leather or
cloth, tackled up with small nails, and
they will run to the height of ten feet
or more, if desired. In, the way of va
riety, some plants may be kept to a sin
gle stake or pole, and, for those fond of
such matters, afford much pleasant oc-
cupation in the training and pruning,
beside giving more perfectly -ripened
fruit. In training to a single pole or
trellis, the heavy clusters OF fruit must
be supported, or they may become so
heavy as to break their stem away from
the main.
REFUSE SALT.-An old subscriber a
Saginaw writes: Will you have the
kindness to tell me the best time to use
refuse salt on my farm, on what crops
and how much per acre ?" Refuse salt
has been quite extensively used and
generally with beneficial results. 1t is
of more benefit on light soils than on
clay. 1t is claimed that the effect of
salt on cereal crops is to make the straw
brighter and stronger and the grain
plumper. 1t increases the moisture on
the surface and prevents the grain from
ripening too fast. Sown on barley it
will not fall down SO badly and there
fore fill better. Salt has been used on
almost every crop on the farm. Sow on
all grains, wheat, oats, barley, corn, on
potatoes, cabbage, beets and root crops
generally. Spring is the best time to
sow it on wheat as we'll as spring crops
For the latter SOW after the ground is
plowed and either before or after sowing
or planting. All active fertilizers should
be used near the time when the crop
can use them. The amount used per
acre varies for different soils. One hun
dred pounds on one soil might be as
effective as 400 on others. The usual
amount and one that would be safe to
use is about 800 pounds. If this is
more than is necessary it will do no
harm. Ii this quantity seems to have
no effect try 500 or 600 pounds the next
time. Salt, like plaster, seems to have
an effect above the fertilizlng value of
its constitutional elements. It un-
doubtedly has the effect of dissolving
certain kinds of plant food in the soil
and its benefits seem to extend to the
second year, We omitted to mention
that salt is equally good for grass as for
grain, used in about the same quanti-
ties. detroit Post.
BUoKwHEAT.- is seldom
included in any regular rotation of
crops. It will, however, many times be
found useful and profitable crop. On
a rough piece of land that would hardly
grow the small spring grains, or that
cannot be got in condition early, buck
wheat will be the best crop that can be
sown. It will also fill any vacant places,
or where spring crop has for any rea-
son failed. That it will do on rough
ground does not argue that good, we'll
cultivated soil will not grow it, but it
will do better than most other crops on
poorer or badly-worked land. Buck
wheat once started will stand the
drought well, and the temperature and
moisture at the time of filling decides
the fate of the crop. Cool and moist
weather, rather than hot and dry, is
needed to make full crops so that good
wheat. AS it needs cool weather for
ripening it should not be sown too early,
but only to escape the frosts at the usual
time in the fall. From the Goth to the
25th of Juneis, on an average, about the
right time for sowing. From half bushel
I to bushel is sown per acre; mellow, rich
soil requiring less than rough soil, where
ali will not grow. A better yield will be
obtained when not too thick, and the
grain will be plump. The silver hull
variety has proved good, yielding well.
and making more and winter -four than
the common variety. 1t is also earlier
than the latter. Land can often be sue
cessfully seeded to clover with crop of
buckwheat. If there is plenty of moist
ure it is quite likely to succeed, and it is
many times worth while to try it. The
demand for buckwheat is SO extensive
and the section of the country where it
will grow well SO comparatively limited
that the price is always good. Farmers
should, as far as possible, have their
buckwheat ground for themselves and
sell the -four by so doing they have a
large quantity of excellent feed left, for
which they receive little or nothing when