Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1882-08-19

VIC piclcl IL " obylo' huahSCe VI
most of our municipal and county govern
ments, also, are in a healthy, solvent con-
dition.
OUR PEoPLE.
Our people are strong-hearted, intelli-
gent and enterprising. The business Of
mining e~levates, broadens and strengthens
all who engage in or come in contact with
it. We acquire in ten thousand ways by
practical experience all that the most pro-
found scientist is able to gather from his
books. Illiteracy, to the point of nom
reading and writing, is practically un-
known to our population. The census
shows that out Of our total population
there are but 3,760 people who cannot read
or write. OF this number we have 3,518
Cinnamon. Deducting the Mongolians,
we have left only two hundred n forty
two persons who are without education.
No State in the Union can approach this
record; it is unapproachable anywhere
under the sun. There are six Of the old
States, each with a population fifteen times
greater than ours, which do not maintain
as many daily papers as sparsely-settled
Nevada. l could go on indefinitely draw
ing the parallel, and always to our credit.
Enough has been said to show that we are
better than our traducers.
hOW NLNADA HAS BEEN hEAlIb d. III
GOVERNMENT.
The same liberal policy pursued by the
Government toward other new States and
Territories has never been extended
to Nevada. AS q State we have little
to thank tho Federal Government
for. We have never received one dol
lar of this Governments bounty, if l
except the bill recently passed, after a
hard struggle, to audit certain war claims
which had gone unrecognized and uncan-
celed in the main for twenty years. On
the contrary, sir, the Government is legal
ly and equitably indebted to my State and
people in large sums which itnever thinks
of paying. In the very beginning, guided
by that patriotic zeal which has ever char
acterized the people of Nevada, we assumed
and paid a territorial Indebtedness, mostly
due from the Government, amounting in
round numbers to $500, 900. We equipped
and sent to the war several regiments of
soldiers, and nave at various times ex-
pended large sums in suppressing Indian
hostilities on our borders. Private citizens
of the State have been compelled in SIM
pie self-defense to expend vast sums in the
aggregate for the same purpose, not one
dime of which has ever been returned to
them, Notwithstanding it is clearly the
duty of the Government to protect the
lives and property of its citizens in every
part of the country against the incursions
of the murderous savage.
Bills which i had the honor to intro
duce early in the session covering these
questions in one form and another still
await action either in committee or on the
calendar of this House. And yet millions
are poured out like water for magnificent
buildings, rivers, harbors, and other i'm
provements, necessary or the reverse,
throughout all the older States of this
Union.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
But let mo digress to say that it is an
immense stretch when you seek under that
grant to improve every creek i'll the land
capable Of floating "a iatboat, many Of them
with both end in the same State. The
fathers did not mean to give you any such
power as that. What they meant chiefly
was that you should have authority to reg
ulate the interchange of commodities be-
tween the States and with foreign coun-
tries. But the other construction has
been sactioned until time and precedent
have thrown around the practice the sa-
credness of unwritten organic law. 1t is
the old doctrine about which the Wing and
Democratic parties used to differ so vio-
lently-Federal aid to internal improve
ments. President Polk vetoed a river and
harbor bill on Democratic principles.
But we have all changed since then; we
have all become Wings on the subject Of
internal improvements. We find now the
s~trictest Of strict construction Democrats
voting millions in q river and harbor bill
if their own sections be not omitted from
its provisions. Necessary appropriations
to remove the snags and improve the navi-
cation Of national waterways are right and
are to be favored, but the system has de-
generated into a great abuse by including
unimportant streams, for no higher rea-
son in many instances than to help gentle
men back to Congress. The good in the
system seems insepsrable from the bad, |
and the bad is yearly growing worse, as is
evidenced in the river and harbor bill OF
the present session, carrying nearly $780,
900. 600. az against $11 900, 900 in its i'm
mediate predecessor.
THE GOVERNMENT CANNOT AFFORD TO DE
PARTIAL.
Government resting upon the affections
of the people, as undo our free system,
cannot afford to be partial. 1t must be
Just to all of its citizens and treat every
section with equal fairness and considera-
ton. 1t will not do, under our new policy
Of liberal encouragement to internal i'm
III ottllClltSy w AN a. b"N'
cred from all of the States and sections on
a few highly favored communities who
may have the strenth in this House by
reason Of superiority OF numbers and facil-
ity for combination to vote themselves the
substance of all the rest. We of the Pa
cifc Coast nave felt our isolation and
helplessness in this regard, and l for one
would vote o.morrow to admit into the
Union all of the Western Territories,
without regard to their politics, if they
could all come in together, simply as a
means OF augmenting the power of the far
West in the legislative branch of the Gov
eminent.
pEMoNETIzATIoN OF SILVER.
Ny State for some years has been expe-
riencing a season of depression in its chief
industry, mining for the precious metals.
A Republican Congress dealt us a severe
blow when it demonetized silver. The
whole country in fact was Frustrated by
the shock, for it must not be forgotten that
the panic and tramp period came with de-
monetization in 1878, and flush times and
unexampled prosperity, including specie
resumption, followed remonetization by a
Democratic Congress in 1878. Nevada's
chief product was degraded to the level OF
pig-iron, and stagnation in all our indus
tries at once ensued. We have scarcely
recovered yet from the blow.
OUR GREAT NEED IS WATER.
Our great need, Mr.. Speaker, is more
water, We know where in the depths OF
| the earth run the subterranean streams
| that may be brought to the surface for the
| fertilization OF our lands. We desire TO
| know where ~artesian waters may DO iound.
| We want tho subject placed IN the hands
| NJ soientihc men who are competent to de-
termine tho geological structure and to
point out the strata and locality best suit
ed to artesian borings. We also desire a
few practical experiments BY the Govern
ment. A quarter of a million annually