The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1882-04-21
TRR WORKSHOP.


mechanical agent for preventing incrust-
alton In steam boilers.
THERE are locomotives now running in
this country, which run, as regular
duty for a short distance, at the rate OF
seventy-two miles an houri This with q
train OF five cars. These are Baldwin
engines on the Central Railroad of New
Jersey; cylinders, 1884.
A GERMAN authority states that a room
covered with paper in wich ultramarine
has been largely used was found to have
an unpleasant odor of sulphurretted
hydrogen, the source of which long es-
capped detection. 1t ives ultimately found
that the ultramarine in the design was
being gradually decompOsed by the
alum forming an ingredient In the paper
hangers paste.
A MINIATURE steam engine, constructed
by an ingenious clockmaker, is said to
weigh only fifteen grains, and can be en-
tirely covered by an ordinary thimble.
The stroke of the piston is little over one
portionately less. The whole machine
consists OF lao distinct pieces fastened
together by fifty-two screws; and three
drops of water are sufficient to fill the
boiler and set the mechanism in motion.
The size Of this engine has probably
shrunk trihe in the description.
For making cement for leather belts,
take of common glue and American ISM
glass equal parts, and place in glue
pot. Add water to cover the whole.
Soak ten hours. Then bring the mix
ture TO boiling heat, and add pure tan
min, till the whole becomes very ropy or
like the white of eggs. Apply warm.
Buff off the grain of the leather where it
is to he cemented; rub the joint surface
solidIy together; let it dry few hours,
and it is ready for use. If properly put
together no rivits will be needed, and
the cement is as strong as the leather.
Fox hardening lime, cement and SINH
lar substances, German authority uses
sulphate of copper and sulphate of iron
or zinc. To the solution coloring or
odorous substances may be added. Ce-
ment, lime, gypsum and stones are
hardened by this solution, either If COW
solution can also be used for wood and
metals, If these have been previously
covered with layer of cement or lime.
or mixed with sand and pebbles OF with
metal Stag The addition of cement to
the last named bodies can be reduced to
minimum by good mixing when the So
luton is used for hardening. This pro-
cess is patented IN Germany.
THE operation Of "driving" rivits
consists i'll placing a set on the end OF
the rivit, and sledging it down to form
the head, the operation requiring two
men to sledge, one to hold the set, one
to manage the holder, and boy to heat
the rivits. The rivet is not struck direct
by the sledges ut any time during the
operation of driving, but one head is
formed entirely by driving the set down
sQuarely on the end Of it. To drive
rivet requires about twenty-four blows
with the pound or ten pound
sledges at the rate of about eighty blows
per minute flatter, with face about
/ 1-2 inches square, is then placed on
the lap alongside the rivit, and given
five or six blows to close the sheet to-
! gether; the set is then placed on tho
rivet head again, and given five or six
more blows and the rivet Is finished; the
whole operation of driving requiring
about thirty-6ve seconds of time to the
rivet. In practice we find that rivet-
ing gang will drive in the seams of the
shell of boiler an average of thirty
five rivets per hour, or 800 per day, and
in the seams of the fre-box, in throat
and back sheets, dome, mud-ring, braces,
ETC., an average of about twenty-five
rivets per hour. This includes the time
necessary for taking out bolts, drifting
h les, adjusting the tools and the work.
In hand riveting two riveters will drive,
on an average, taking the whole boiler.
only about one hundred and twenty
rivets per day, or II l-2 per hour.