New-York tribune., 1882-03-12

him to secure his friendship Cnepuflu hau Sioaiiy
| n weakness Tor gentility and grandeur ana c0uld
pow by means of the barter he carried on WIN us
and The presents nc received crafty his love OF snow
degree Of which he o doTs 6T of our say
| no paid vsi. to the vega; he was clad III n Ieu
woollcn shirt drawn over his pesk. and from
| either ear hung a gilt watcl-chain, to tho lower
| end of which a perforated tcn-orc piece was fas-
| tened Already on arrival ho was better
| clothed than the Others, his tent was larger ana
provided with two sleeping apartments one LOT
each of his wives But notwithstanding all TINS we
soon found that we had made mistake when,
| thinking that society could not exist wlthout
| covernment we assigned TO him exalted posi-
| ton Here as in all Chukch villages Which we
| afterward visited absolute anarchy prevailed ht
the same time the greatest unanimty regned III the
! little headless community. Children, healthy and
thriving, tcndcrly cared for by the inhabitants
were found in large numbers. good WGrd ,!,, TO
reception in the tent. The women were treateu AS
the equals of the men, and the wife was always
| consulted by the husband when more important
| bargain than usual was to he made many times 1t
was carried through only after the glger OF advice
| had been bribcd with neckerchief or varegated
| handkerchief The articles which the man pur-
| chased we're Immediately committed TO the wlies
! keeping. One OF the children had round his neck
band of pearls with Chinese coin. ha 7!ng square
| hole in the middle, suspended from it: another
| bole n perforated American cent piece. None knew
a word of Russian, but here too youngster conld
| count ten in English. They also knew the W0rd
ship"
| By series of excursions into the interior of the
country inhabited by the Reindeer Cnukchcs, and
I by subsequent investigations conducted at st. Law
renee Bay, the study of the whole population OF
the peninsula was rendered reasonably complete.
The pages TEEN with illustrations OF typical faces,
weapons, hunting implements, hammers, clothing.
buckles. shoes. sledgos, lamps, tents, drums
cups bracelets amulcts, musical Instruments, bone
carvings drawings, dOlls--anything and every
| thing bearing upon the present state OF society
among these Polar tribes From this mass of in
| al boy for onlv fp
| tracts which are made at random:
Like most other Polar tribes, the Chukches now
| do not belong to any unmiYed race. This one IS
| soon convinced o. # he considers attentiyely the
inhabitants Of large ton-vlliagc. some are tall,
| with tallOwlikc. raycp-back hair, brown com
| pcxion high aguihnc nose-in short. with an cX-
terror that rcmiads u of the descriptions read
| OF the North American Indians Others again by
their dark halY. slight beard. sunk nose or rather
projecting cheek-bOmeS and ohIique eyes remind III
| distinctly Of tie MongOiian race; and finally we
| meet among them with very iair faces, with Tea
lures and complexion which lead us to suspect that
tLry are descendants OF I9Daways or prisoners OF
! war of purely Russian Ongln. Tho most common
| type is--stfaIGht, coarse black halr OF moderate
| length the brow apeIiHg upward; tie nose hneIy
formed. hut with its roOC often Hattened; eyes ny
| no means small; wcll-dcVclopcd black eyebrows;
projecting checks often swollen y trO>tblte, which
Is specially observable when the tace Is looked at
| from the side; light, slightly brown compile Xion:
| which in the young women $ often nearly as red
| and white aS IN Europeans. The beard Is always
| scantv. Nearly all are stout and sell grown; we
| saw no criDpleS among them. lhe young women
often strike very pretty II one can rld ones
self of the unpleasant impression of the dirt which
| is never, wa he'd away but by the drifting dnow ol
winter and of the nansrous train-ol OdOr whcu in
! winter they carry with them from the close tent
| chamber. The children nearly always make
peasaut impression by their healthy appearance
aud Jhclr friendly and becoming behavior
The coast Chulclcs are not only heathens, but
are also 50 ia a. Could observe. devoid OF every
! conception of hilher beings. There are however
| ~
| neck leather strap, TO which SuIll Wooden tOhSS
! or wooden carvings are HN'd; Ihfse are hot
| raricd with. and are not readily shown 20 for
cianers. 4 boy had Il h1nf OI beads sewed TO his
| mood and in front there was fastened an ivory
| carving. probably intended TO represent bears
! head II was 50 small 3ud 50 lraIllSuc3Iy cut;
! that man could undoubtedly make dozen OF
! them in q day. J. however offered the father un-
successfully spEnife and tobacco for 1t, hut the
| bov himself, hayiuC heard oar bargaining. cN-
| changed 1t soon alcr Tor a piece OF sugar. When
| the father knew tins he laughed goOd.naturedlv,
| without making amy attempt 70 get the bargain
uud5nc.
Within the family the most remarkable unaumity
| prevails, 80 that we never heard haId word cX-
! changed either between man and wife parents ana
! children or between the married. PAR VINO own the
tent and the unmarried who 0c' aoionaiy I'VE IN IT,
! The power OF the woman appears TO he very great
! In making the moic important bargains, even
| about weapons ana hunting implements she IS, as
! rule. consulted and her advice is taken. number
! of things which form wOmeuS tools she can barter
away on her own esponsiuIliy OF in any other way
/
barter procured niece of cloth tobacco sugar or
such like he generally hands II over 70 his wife to
! keep. Ihc chtldIen axe neither chastl>cd nor
| scoldcd; they are, however the pest ocHaN'd l
have ever seen Their hchGVlCr in the tent Is equal
| to that OF the be~t-brought-uP European children
, in the pa~lOr. They are not, perhaps, so wild rs
| ouis but are addicted 20 games winch closely re-
| srmblc those common among rs ~ the country.
pl1vthu.r, are also IN U>p for instance. dolls bows,
! windmiis with two sails, etc. II the parents get
any dr.i,Jcy they always give each OF their chl-
trcn bit and there ls never any quarrel aS 70 the
size of each childs portion. If piece of sugar Is
given 90 one OF the children IN crowd IL goes nom
| mouth to mouth round the whole company In the
same WY the child offers is father and mother
taste Of the bt a. sugar or piece al bread II has got
| Even in Childhood the ChUEchcS are exceedingly
patient. grl who fcl down from the ships stair.
head foremost. and thus got 50 violent blow that
She was almost deprived Of hearing, scarcely ut
tered u cry. roy tdrec or four years OF age.
much rolled mp in iur,. who Icll into ditch cut lU
the lee ou the ships deck. and in consequence of
his iucouycnent dress could not Eci mp. las quietly
still rntl he was observed and helped up by one
Oi the crew.
les, elaborate hut deeply interesting ac-
count OF The Samoycds OF Naygats Island makes mp
the second chapter of the volume from which the
following comparative estimate of the Polar races is
taken:
OF the Polar races whose acquaintance | have
made the Reindeer Lapps undoubtedly stand
highest next To them come the Eskimo Of DANISH
Greenland Both these races are Christian and
able 10 read and have learned To Use aud require II
large number of the products of agriculture, com
mercr and the industrial of the present day, as
cotton and wuollrn CLOTH tools of forged and cast
iron. firearms, coffee. sugar, bread, etc. They are
still nolaads aud hunters but cannot be called saw
ages and the educated European who has lived
among them for "A considerable time commonly
acuuirrs a liking for many points Oi their natural
disposition and mode of lite Next to them in civll
Zation come the Eskimo of Northwestern America.
on whose originally IOugh life contact with the
American whale-llshers appears TO have had very
beneficial influence. / form my Judgment from the
Eskimo tribe at Fort Clarence. lhe menibeIs ol
Al, gIuFg t.fIf nf
far travelled aud had brou ght home from the Sand
wich Islands not only cocoanuts and palm mats.
ut tbn Gan lei, u1a for