The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1882-09-28

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the Massachusetts, Institute Of Technology.
contributes an article of exceptional value on
safety in Railway Travel" and Prof Charles
s. Sargent. of the Harvard College Arboretum,
contributes IN instructive essay ON THE Pro-
lection of Forests The Review is sold by
booksellers and news lcalcrs generally.
LECTURES ON EVOLUTION. BY Thomas F.
Huxley. The lectures are three in number, Illus
tratcd, and appended is a lecture on the study
of biology, the whole comprising No 36 of the
Humboldt Library of popular science literature
Price - cts j. Fitzgerald 4 co., publishers
30 Lafayette Place, New York.
NOTES.
General Francis A. Walker, Superintendent
of the last Census, will have u paper in the
October Century on "The Growth Of the United
States.'
The Ladies Floral Cabinet for September
appears in new and more convenient form.
having followed "Our Continent in reducing
its size one-half and doubling the number of
pages. 1t i, an excellent publication. Pub
lished by Ladies' Floral Cabinet Co., y yescy
st. New York.
A correspondent writes "AIainc is gathering
new literary laurel, to herself. l.othrop 4 90,
book publishers, announce the publishing
OF My Girls by Ida a. Churchill, which
is said TO be 4 story of merit, Miss Churchill
was reared in New Gloucester, but at present
resides in Massachusetts,"
Petcrsons Magazine for October is unusually
brilliant ii We can say that of Il magazine that
is always exceptionally good. 1t has two col
ored patterns, 4 speciality with it. no other
lady's book giving them at all Il very fine steel
engraving, The Woodland Bath" Il beautiful
ly colorcd steel fashon-platc, With the latest
styles, among others, of Wedding-drcsseS. There
are, besides, some fifty wood-engrayinss Of
fashions, patterns in embroidery, ETC., etc.
The stories, as always in "Peterson," are all
tirst-ratc Cha>. J. Peterson, publisher, BOG
Chestnut street. Philadelphia.
The Foreign Policy of President Garfield
AN INTERESTING PAPER FROM THE PEN OF en-
SECRETARY BLAINE.
The Chicago Weekly Magazine Of last week
contained an article by Hon. James G.. Blaine.
under the caption OF the ''Forcign Policy of
the Garfield Administration" in which, in
calm and dignted language, the late Secretary
set. forth the policy Of the late President in r.
gard to the South American republics and
particularly to explain the objects which it was
expected would be secured by the proposed
Peace Congress. The two principal objects of
the foreign policy of General Garfield were.
first, to bring about peace and to prevent future
wars in North and South America: and. second,
to cultivate such friendly commercial relations
with all American countries a~ would lead to
large increase of the export trade of the
United States. The second cannot be secured
without tho first. The first can ~ secured
when all OF those republics. by international
agreement. refer all matters Of dispute ont OF
which such terrible war, have occurred As
that between Chilli and Peru 10 other republics
for arbilHnent In this ease the United States
would be most potent for good in the settle
mcnt of disputes which now lead to long,
bloody and useless wars lh- close political
relation would have rjpenrd MO friendship
which would have been sure to establish closer
commercial relations. AT present these relations
are both unsatisfactory and improbable. NJ
the present time it requires about SIG, 600 .W0
to pay the annual trade balance against Us with
Spanish America an amount 30 pcr cent.
in excess of the yearly product of oUr mines.
This coin balance does NOT 90 to Spanish
America, but to European countries IN cN-
change for goods which we can manufacture
as cheaply aS any other people, namely y, cotton>,
boots and shoes. agricultural implements, doors.
sash, locks, bolts, cutlery. common carriages and
ordinary o. N tt
other articles including notions. In this con
nrrtlon Nlr. Blaine remarks that 1T docs not
follow thai mere ability to produce a1 chraply
aS another nation lnSurcS Il vision of nm ts-
tabliShed market OF any participation in ii. :.
France manufactures many articles Us cheap u>
England, and some cNcn cheaper nevertheless.
although France is nearer TO Portugal, England
has almost the monopoly of the trade of that
country. This is the result of special trade
relations ana obligations between England and
Portugal BY the same means England has
larger trade relations with spanish America.
but the United States can easily secure Similar
relations whenever this country desires it, To
day many of our products reach Spanish Amer
lea after crossing the ocean twice Thus our
petroleum reaches the South American cOnSIm-
rr. leaving in the hands Of The English middle
man Il larger profit than is realized by the pro
duccr. The intimacy which would have follow
ed Il Peace Congress would have lcd to com
mrrca relations which would have given IT.
much Of the trade Of Spanish America, and at
the same time enabled this country to have
kept its gold at home. The present tendency
of South America is toward Europe: ii j. OF
the first importance to turn this movement tu
The United States. In the days Of the Younger
Adams and of Clay this country was warmly
attached to the South American colonies, then
struggling to throw of thc Spanish yoke, but
during the past sixty years thi~ has changed.
until ardent friendship has changed to inditlrl-
| encr. and even coldnc>s. In conclusion, Mr.
Blaine says
I'm no event could harm have resulted from
the aSScnblagc of the Peace Congress. Failure
was next to impossible. Success might be re-
garded as certain. The subject TO be discussed
was peace, and how it can be permanently pre-
served in North aud South America. The labors
Of the congress would have probably ended in
a Wcl-digestcd system ut arbitration. under
which ai future troubles between American
States cUuiu be quickly, ciirciualy and salts
factorily adjusted. Such con>ummatiOm would
have been worth Il great struggle and Il great
sacrifice 1t could have been reached without
any struggle, and would have involved no
sacrifice II was within our grasp. 1t was ours
for the asking. 1t would have been signal
victory of philanthropy over the sclti>hnc>> of
human ambition ; q complete triumph Of
Christian principles rs applied to tho affairs
Of nations. 1t would have reflected enduring
honor on our own country and would have inn
parted Il new spirit and new brotherhood to
all America. Nor would its influence beyond
the sea have been small The example of SrV-
entccn independent nations solemmly agreeing
to abolish the arbitramtnt Of the sword. and to
settle every dispute by peaceful methods of ad-
Indication, would have cXertcd an influence TO
the utmost confines of civilization. and upon
the generations of men yet 70 come"
FISH AND FIslING. The Calais Times says
the destruction Of salmon at salmon Fails, 1T
the cotton mill dam. Calais, is dcplorablc, No
iishway has vet been provided by the corpora
ton and the salmon gather under the rolling
dam and attempt to pas, through the water
that falls over the top of that structure. and in
doing fall back and are stunned by falling
across logs and lodges. Men and boys not
satisfied with netting these fish, now arm them