The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1882-05-03
Wood Pulp and Paper.

From The Manufacturers Gazette.
For more than thirty years there
have been attempts, both In Europe
and America, to make successful
pulp from wood. Two systems were
early started-the grinding process
and the chemical process. Wood
fiiaments were successfully fibre.
lized tor pulp and paper by the use
ofstrong acids and alkalies more than
twenty-five years ago, though at
such expense as to nearly prohibit
their use in competitor with rags and
other paper stock. The strong chem.
icals destroyed nearly half the weight
of the wood in getting down to the
ultimate fibre, and the great pressure
of steam required and the cost of ma.
chinery, made the fibre when ready
for use cost higher than the average
of other ordinary stock
In 1858, on the opening of the Hy-
draulic Canal at Niagara Falls, built
by Mr.. Stephen M. Allen, that gent.
leman announced his success in fibre.
LIKING wood tor paper pulp, and OBJ
tanned his first patent. Simultane-
ously with the experiment for make.
ing wood pulp in this country were
those of Germany, and number of
patents were taken out there for the
purpose, one of which, the Voelter
grinder, patented in this country.
The first Allen patent was process
for fibrelizing wood, so as to preserve
the length OF the fibre in Longitude
inal direction, by placing the stick or
log of wood t1atwise between the yer.
tex Of the two rollers running near
each other, and thus by pressure
scraping off the fibre in water. The
Voelter patent was upon a machine
resembling the common grindstone,
against the face of which the wood
was pressed and ground off. Mr..
Allen soon added to his process the
emery roller system of grinding,
which, it is claimed, will do double the
amount of work With half the power.
These two processes are the princi,
pal ones now in use for grinding
wood pulp and are running in mills
from Main to Minnesota, producing
a daily yield of about 100 tons Of
~ Es9y9 IT. us ne aig 4 ytssi fs !;
a proper condition for fertilizing, and
the bloom thus becomes impregnated
with the pollen OF the pine. The
trees are utterly unlike in their ma,
lures, and the orange rejects the in.
fusion OF foreign blood, and throws
it out upon the surface, giving the
fruit the rusty appearance. It also
serves TO tougher the rind and en-
ables the fruit TO bear shipping bet.
ter. Ii the quality of the fruit is al
fected in any respect it is tor the
better, as the rust seems to add
character to the orange. | have tried
lime and fertilizers to prevent rust
and found it all to fail, and l am sat
isGed and shall believe, until l am
convinced that l am in error, that il
is the pine bloom that causes rusty
fruit. 1t any one wishes to test the
matter, he can make canopy out O
thin domestic and spread it over the
tree by arranging frame work o.
poles TO hold up the cover during
the blooming season.
| AS for the growth and bearing o.
the young trees, let every one use
his own Judgment. My plan is tc
give the tree while young, a good
heavy coat of straw or grass every
year.A Also, four to six pounds o.
orange tree fertilizer. Plow within
two or three feet of the tree, begin,
ming by the first vi March at the out
side. Plow tolerably deep, then
sweep and plant peas. Every forty
or sixty days until the last OF Sep
TENDER, sweep over; then plow IN
der the pea vines, or mulch with
them and sow down heavy crop. OIL
rye or oats. Rye is the best. Push
your trees and keep trunk ard tor
growing SO as to cause the fruit to
split and drop off. BY this means
at eight or nine years old you have a
body strong enough to support and
a top big enough to hold, a good
crop.
AS for the good character of our
country, little need be said, as it is
doing well euough-lawyers enough
to. put people in Jail and preachers
enough to keep them out.