The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-08-11
The Kremllm at MOSCOW.

virons the metropolitan Bishop, the
court digmtaries and princes and lords
occupied magnificent mansions, reared
by Grccian and Italian architects. 1t
was here in 1917 thntithe great tire-for
the krcmlin has never been stranger
to firc-wrought its awful destruction,
battling all human power. Here it was
that the venerable metropolitan bishop,
pleading ut the altar for divine interpO-
sition, was with great difficulty rescued.
Smothercd and in Il state OF insensibility
the old prclntc was borne through bill
lows of flame and smoke, while the Pal
ace Of the Emperor, his treasures and
the archives OF the empire, were all con-
sumcd.
The Krcmlin hill stands almost in tho
center of Moscow. 1t is triangular in
FORM tho longest side facing the AIoskva,
about mile in circumference and u tri-
tle under 100 feet III height. Adjoining
it OH the east is tho kItui Goro0
Chinese City,, inclosed within tie an
cient walls, which rising directly from
the Moskvu, at the foot of the hill, on
the southern side, climb it at either end
and crown it OH the north. There was,
i'll its earlier history, n lakc-likc moat
around the northern side Of the hill, but
Alexander [. drained it and converted it
into Il pleasant garden. The golden
lomes Of the Krcmlin were SO construct
cd AS to be visible from almost every
part of Moscow.
Travellers have vainly cssnycd to do
Justice to the beauties of the place; even
Bayard Taylor pleads the lack of de-
scriptivc power to do tho Krcmlin JUS
ticc. The main entrance is through IL
double-towered portal called the Sunday
Gate. Built against the wall, between
two archways,i is II little chapel or shrine,
entering which, bureheudcd, all the
pious do reverence. Within the chapel
is reached II niche lighted with silver
lamps before screen dazzling with gold
silver and precious stones. Hiyh-born
lady and scrf kncel side by side to de-
votlonally kiss the glass cover over n
Byzantine mother and child of dark COM
plcXion. This is the 'Iberian mother of
God, "a miraculous picturs, for hundreds
OF years the protcctress of the Mus
covites, and her intcrcession is sought
by all.
Within the Sunday gate is the long
hrusntoi Ii0shttd, or Red Square,
stretching south to the bank of the
Moskva. On the right is the gray wall
Of the krcmlin and Oh the left the long
low front of the GOsthHoi DrOr, or
Great Bazaar. In the centre of the
square stands bronze monument to
NIinim and Pojarski, the Russian heroes,
who, in 1910, aroused the people, ,stormcd
Moscow and drove out Vladislns, OF Po-
| land called to the throne blythe Boyarls.
The sturdy butcher of Mini Novgorod
is represented rs addressing Pojarski,
the General, who sits, sword in hand.
The figures are colossal and full of fire
and vigor. Hard by is II small circular
of masonry, the throne or Judgment seat
OF the early Tzars.
At the southern extremity of the
square is the most astonishing structure
in appearance II church or pavilion.
1t is described by Taylor rs ''n bcwil-
dering pile, the product Of some archi-
tectural Kaleidoscope in which the most
incongruous things assume IL certain or
der and system. 1t is not beautiful, nor
is the effect offensive, because the very
maze of colors, III which red, green and
gold prcdominate, attracts and cajolcs
the eye. The purposcd incongruity of
the building is manifest in the minutcst
| details. This is the Cathedral of st.
Basil, built by Ivan, the Terrible, who
is said to have been SO charmed with the
NclN Ull'tN 1lc CilttSclt VIC eyes Ol Uno
| architect to be blinded to prevent him
ever duplicating the structure. The
cathedral is nn agglomcration of towers,
no two of which arc alike in either
height, shape, or in any other particular.
Some arc round, some square, some hex
| agonal, some octagonal; one ends in II
pyramidal spirc, another in cone, and
others i'll bulging domcs, twisted in Spi-
| rDI hands nf vn1ln1p and liz n oDo
cicnt Moslem turbnn. The interior of
the cathedral is no less curious than the
outside. Every tower cncIoscs q chapel,
| so that twelve or fifteen saints have tn, il
shrincs under one roof, yet separate.
The colossal face of Christ, the Virgin,
or the patron saint starcs down from the
hollow of the capping dome. The cen
trail tower is 12O feet high, while the 'di-
amctcr OF the chapel inside it is scarcely
more than thirty feet mt the base. Bay
ard Taylor describes this singular strur-
turc us the Apothcosis of chimney :"
Passing through the Kremlin wall hy
the Sl)uSS l'OrOfr, or Gate of the Re
dcemer, the most sacred confines are
reached. Over the hollow arch hangs n
picture OF the Savior looking with be-
nlgnlty upon the Russians, but breathing
fire and thunder upon their foes The
Tartars-so says trndition--wcrc driven
back again and again from this gate by
miraculous resistance, and although the
French entered at last all their attempts
to blow it mp were vain. Not even the
Emperor dare pass through the Gate Of
tic Redcemcr without nnc0vcring his
head. Thus is entrance effected to the
| paved court of the Krcmli Here rises
the tower OF Ivan Vcliki; beyond are the
Cathedral of ST. Michael, the Church of
the Assumption, and the ancient church
of the Tzars, MI crowded with tinras of
Sildcd domcs . TO the right is another
| cluster of da k blue domcs over the
House of the Holy Synod, while the
background is filed up with the new
palace (Granovitayn Palata), with it's
heavy French front and wings, above
which the Tartar towers of the Krcmin
wall shoot up on the left.
At the foot of thc tower stnn1s IN q