davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
THE MENNEKCHOR.
A Large Crowd and Merry Party.

"A Large CrOW0 ana q M0ffy K1Htys
The attendance at the concert and
sOciable Of the Lancaster MHnnerchor, IN
their hall last evening, was probably the
largest that has ever been assembled there
upon any similar occasion. There were in
the large thron present 4 number in mas
querade costume, which gave tho specta-
Gle something Of q carnival aspect not in
appropriate at this season when the joys
and festivities Of the year are soon to give
place to the penitential period Of forty
days and forty nights Some of the COS
tunes were handsome and picturesque,
others grotesque, and all striking. There
were pink dOminOes, and blue dOminOes,
and white dOminocs, and black dominoes,
while some Of the 8 false faces were
case might be. The concert began be-
tween eight and nine o'clock, the pro-
gramme comprising the usual number of
vocal and instrumental selections, all of
which wererendered in the creditable man.
nerfor vi hthis organization has long been
noted. This portion of the entertainment
was under the direction Of Prof. Matz, and
after the last fine chorus had been sung,
the floors were cleared for tho grand
march. Keffcr's orchestra took position
OH tho platform, and ut the given signal,
the masks started ON the promenade. At
| a random estimate there were somewhere
in the neighborhOod of twenty couples
of masqueradcrs, and several times
| that number not masked, in
the large company. Dancing was MAIN
tanned almost continuously far into the
small hours of the morning. Shortly be-
fore midnight the word was given to un-
| mask. and as the merry masquerallers dis
| played their features there was much
amusement in the mutual recognition. All
! in ali the party was 4 most pleasant one,
even if the crowded condition Of the ball
room did render graceful dancing almost
an impossibility. The Mnnnerchor con-
certs gain steadily in popularity with re-
peated successes.
O:hor Sails.
Last evening the ball Of the bill posters
of this city came off in the opera house.
The crowd in attendance was very large,
including great many ladies. Every
thing passed OFF pleasantly and the affair
was credit to the management. 1t was
a success, financially.
St. Michaeps beneficial society gave q
ball in the hall of tho Humane engine
house. 1t was y very large One-there be-
ing over ono hundred and seventy five
ladies present. 1t passed off very quietly,
not one word being said to mar the pleas
ure Of any one.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
Dead HOg-Deud Darkey.

Mr.. Noblett, of Rutherford county, N.
c., employed a negro man to help him
kill hogs. The negro stole one hog, and
had got some distance Oh his way, when,
coming to fence, he laid the hog upon
top rail, balancing it until he got over.
Afterwards, in attempting to shoulder the
hog, it fell on the opposite side of the
fence, and the CANNON stick, which the
negro had neglected to take -out, caught
him around the neck and fastened him.
In the morning he was found dead, the hog
on ono side and the negro on the other side
of the fence-the first gamanon stick that
ever hung dead hog and a live negro at
the same time.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
OUR LOCAL SCIENTISTS.
Meeting Of tho LinnoaD.

MS0uuS "a ShO Aaunc00D.
The society met at the hall on Saturday
afternoon, February 26. 1881. Officers in
the chairs: Vice President Prof. j. X.
Dubb; Secretary pro. tenn. Prof. j. b.
Kevinski, and subsequently Secretary NJ.
L. Davis, NJ. D.
Present, eight members and seven visi-
tors.
After the usual fOrmalities the following
donations were made to the museum and
library :
A specimen Of Cicada Septemdecim, 9th
erwisc named the " Seventeen Year Lo-
Gust" which evolved on the I'd day Of
February, 1881. Donated by George o.
Hensel. For further particulars see pages
II and 1s, vol. 13, Of the Lancaster
Farmer.
The alligator Mssissspp!ensis, donated
by Prof. Gei:t at the last meeting having
died, the curators had it preserved in al
cOhol and placed it in the museum.
Two small bottles Of North and South
American Walking twigs" PAasmida),
in alcohol. These animals belong to the
orthopterous order. which includes the
grasshoppers and crickets.
Donations to Library.
Proceedings of the American Rhilo-
sophical society," from March to Decem.
Der. 1880. Nos. 6. Z, and Q. vol. 13. OF
Official Gazette OF the United States Pa
tent Office" Catalogue OF works on rat
ural history Lancaster Farmer for Feb
ruary 1881. Four catalogues and circu-
lars.
Three envelopes containing 10 historical
and biographical scraps.
Papers Read.
| A short paper by s. S. Rathvon Oh tho
systematic position the alligator occupies
in the class REPTILIA, and its relation to
other animals in the same class.
| The committee appointed to examine
and make specific record Of the dOna
tions Of the January meeting !; and also
the library, reported progress and are con
tinued.
| New Members
Mr.. Brinton and Miss 8. S. Leftover
were unanimously elected active members
of the society, pending which, a QuestiO,
arose upon the status and conditions u
the different forms of membership. VIXEN
on motion, Messrs. Rathvon, Davis ans
Dubbs, were appointed a committee t.
examine the constitution and subseGuen
legislation on the subject, what changes
If any, were necessary, and report at tbs
next meeting of the society.
Under "Science Gossip various topic
were temporarily discussed and Thoughts
interchanged, after which tho society ad
journcd.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
A Suggestion to Col. Li:htner.

Rev. ]. Y. Eckert makes this sugges-
tion: Gas my friend COL Joel L. Light
ner claims to possess cradle 17years older
than "grandma Williams','' l would,
through the columns of the INTELL1GEN.
GER, ask him to furnish us and the reading
public as much of the history of the ex-
tremely Of old cradle iu his possession rs he
conveniently can, for am sure it would be
very interesting
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
New Patent.

The patent Office has admitted to reg
lister the trademark of Samuel A. Croft.
consisting Of a representation of mans
head surrounded by horse shoe and the
arbitrarily selected words Chill Chilli'
and ''Luck," used by him OH packages
containing his bitters. The registration
of this trade mark was sccui cd through
VIM. R. Gerhart, solicitor of patents.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
In regard to the motion to indefinitely

IN REGARD 20 tlle motlun 10 1nuennlteIy
postpone the resolution to discharge the
committee from the further considera-
tion of the bill to repeal the recorders
act of Philadelphia, upon which the
Hon. Willis r. Bierly voted Affirmative
lv. we understand from him that he
did SO because he believed the bill was
unconstitutional. He voted for the same
reason against the bill consolidating the
tax collectors and receivers ofiies and
he declares that he shall vote uniformly
AGAINST every bill he knows ''to he un-
constitutional and against every steal"
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
Tobacco Sales.

J. Krider, of Leacock, has sold his to-
baccO to II. Fury at II, 10, and 3, and
Mr.. Kutt, at III, 6 and 3; John Loomis,
of West Lampeter, to Moore, at 90 and 8 ;
G. Smoker to Rosenwald, at II, 8 and !;
David Smoker, at II, 8 and 2; A.
Stoltzfuss to Bitner s. Zook. at q, 16,
8 and 2; Mr.. Diener, of Churchtown,
to Altschue, acres at 81. II, 8 and 2; D.
Ottenkiri, of Chester county, to Skies &
Frey, for 21 and 5; Isaac McCamaut, of
Salisbury Salisbury at 10, 6and 81 J. z: Diem, Of
and 8; Ben. Warfel, of Salisbury, to
Bambergcr at 221, 6. 3. John Burkey to
Skiles & Frey at 1S, 6, 3. 3. Leaven-
aight, of Chester county. to Bitner &
Zook at "a, 10. 8, 3. Martin Levers of
Leacock to Ruttcr & Diller, acres at 90
6, 3. A. Charles of Fulton township to
Shrk at 81, 12, I. 3.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01

Ni-NE"ah AANCOSh, lucsIiohSu do "
his acceptance Of the committees invita-
ticn to be present at the inaugural cere-
monies, answered that, being commander
of the department of which Washington
is post, his presence was in one sense 4
military necessity.
JUDGE MORAN. in the circuit court of
Chicago has denied the application of Moy
Sam, Chinaman, for naturalization, on
the ground that he is Mongolian and
neither white nor African, nor mixed of
these two colors, but only cheap Chi
nee.
TIE Baltimore Gazette will soon change
hands, and it will be run by company of
Maryland politicians, prominent among
whom are Senator-elect Arthur P. Cor
man and George Cotton, of Annapolis.
The presumption is that it will become
the organ Of the Maryland state Democ-
racy.
THE experiment of selling steam heat
through street mains has proved success
full in Troy, n. T., but not financially.
About STE, 900 has been expended, and
now sheriff's sale wipes out the entire
capital stock. The business will be con-
tinued, however, and former mistakes
avoided.
THE following are the principal items in
the permanent property Of the city of
Paris: Churches, synagogues and other
places Of worship, $40, ,435. 6s7; ceme-
teries, $6,515, ,969; theatres, 50, 226, ,O12 ;
parks, squares and nurseries, s54, 46O, COG ;
statues and fountains, s64G, 741. The total
value of the property Of the city is s211,-
925, TIC.
OF the twenty-eight new iron furnaces
completed in the United States last year,
six were located in Virginia ard five in
| other Southern states, while of the seven
teen old furnaces abandoned in the same
year, nine were south of Mason aud Dix
course of construction in the South, and
three more arc projected.
SINcE the Arkansas Legislature cele-
brated Washington's birthday by decree
ing that the name of their state should be
pronounced Arkansaw, the Cleveland
Herald suggests that the Sucker Legisla-
ture will decide by statute Or joint resoiu-
tion whether the immigrant may come to
".join the boys of Illinois" or to "enjoy
the air of Illlnoy." The Hoosiers will
make legal choice between "In-di-an-a'
and "In,ii-anner,'' . with the probabilities
in favor of the latter. 1t will be necessary
for Wolverine to consult the volume of
laws before he ventures to speak of his
state as "Mshigan,'' Mich g. gan," or
"Me-shag-un." 1t will be determined for
the benefit Of hesitating visitors to the
"dark and bloody ground" whether it is
the safer to say "Kentueky or Kaintuck."
Buckeyes are about unanimous in going
chi" on Ohio, but there are few lin
guistic purists who insist that the proper
pronunciation is "O-ee-O," each syllable
Iong-drawn-out as if calling distant herd
of cows. A legislative enactment would
shut the mouths of these "yodeling"
o &C. O. ans.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
Sale of Horses,

Samuel Hess s Sou, auctioneers, sold at
public sale yesterday. at the Merrimac
house, for Daniel Logan, fifteen head of
Franklin county horses, at an average Of
$1s7.40 per head.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
Grade of PuDllS.

The following is the grade Of pu-
pills, in attendance at the boys high
school during the month of February.
Two hours home study is expected from
each pupil:
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01

Thirty-six street gas lamps were unit
last night. In the First ward, 2; Second,
6; Third, Fourth, O.; Fifth, z; Sixth,
8 Seventh, ); Eighth, 8 Ninth, 3.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
MINOR TOPICS.

GENERAL HANCOCK, questioned as to
his acceptance Of the committees invita-
ticn to be present at the inaugural cere-
monies, answered that, being commander
of the department of which Washington
is a post, his presence was in one sense
military necessity.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01

JUDGE MORAN. in the circuit court of
Chicago has denied the application Of Moy
Sam, Chinaman, for naturalization, on
the ground that he is a Mongolian and
neither white nor African, nor mixed of
these two colors, but only a cheap Chi
nee.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
FIRST CLASS,

The following is the percentage of the
pupils Of the girls high school for the
month OF February, 1881:
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-03-01
Unlit Lamps.

xEnavOilable absence.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

If you spoil stamped wrapper
or envelope you can have it redeem
ed at It's face value at the post office.
When postal cards were introduced
postmaSters were instructed to re-
deem such as were spoiled. before
using, at the rate of 1 cents ia
stamps for every 5 cents in face
value of the cards. Many postal
cards are spoiled in printing, others
in directing, while many printed
cards are simply unused. These
can all be changed at tho rate men
toned.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17
Recipe for making q Live Town

i. Sell your building lots az
reasonable prices.
,. If you can afford to do SO, do
nate a building los for some large
business enterprise, and thereby
enhance the vGuo of town property.
). Iuduce bu ness men to locate
in your own toUn.
4 Patroniae he business mon Of
your own town,
5. Always sum up your expense
when you visit places out side OF
your town to buy goods.
q. Speak well Of worthy public
enterprises.
7, II anything should bo undor-
taken that may be OF benefit 10 tho
town, do not speak i'll Of it to Others
because you happen 10 bs prelude.
ed against il.
:. Speak well to strangers Of your
town aud people.
.. II yon have surplus money, DO
not invest it in far-olf speculations,
but give yourself aud your town
tho benefit Of it by establishing
some profitable factory.
10. Encourage your local newspa,
per by subscribing for, advcrtis.ug
in, and paying for it
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17
NEW CIGAR FACTORY.

The public ia hereby inforlnc,
that the undersigned has opened
cigar factory and tobacco store ,l
Mineral Point, located at N. Il
terts building on Commerce str
Having just returned inH.
Chicago with full stock Of eoot +.
am prepared to meet the want.
al smokers.
II viii be ny constant aim TO- ~,
is'y aud pleaae all, and by So DE-. /;
hope to merit liberal patrouagi
1wi CHAs. SPRINGER.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

Mulhairn, can supply you with all
the choicest brapts,aud the consum-
ers In that place are fast finding it
out. James has 3 booming trade in
Darlington, such aa his goods merit
P. S.-Sinca this was put in type
we learn that Charlie Springer is
going to start a factory here, so
there's less need than ever for one
in Darlington.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

MR. JOHN SCHLoSSER, of Diamond
Grove, was buried or Tuesdey. at
the age of GS years. Deceased was
one of the first German settlers in
this community, having located here
about 80 years ago. He waa highly
respected by all, as the large attend
ance at the funeral will testify.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

ALL of our subscribers are aware
Of the fact ere this that a new Re-
publican paper was started at Mil
waukee the first. of the year, with
Horace Rublee at tho helm, which
if a sufficient guarantee Of its worth
This paper fills up gap long felt in
the Republican ranks of the State ;
it is very ably edited, the best of
writer's being employed; it glitters
with the freshest and spiciest news
from all over the land: and the
printing shows the traces Of expert
hands. We recommend this paper
10 our readers, aad will club it with
the TRIBUNE at tho low price OF
S2.35 for both, paid in advance.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

MARRIED, this city, on Thur5dSy, oyt .
Il, 1890, by Rev. +. a, JoGttt, Mr., N. T Cur.
ry Of Springdalc, 10 Miss Corda b NeNl;n. or
Empire City. Kansas
The ceremony took place at tho
residence of Rev. Mr.. leirett. Ii
was our pleasure to be present and
witness the happy union, Mr.
Curry is graduate of Ann Arhor
University, member of the bar, and
at present book-keeper for J. d.
Scott u Sons, Springdale. Miss
Newin is an accomplished young
lady of Empire City, Kansas, THE
DEMOCRAT wishes the newly welded
pair long life Of happinese and
prospcrity.-Springtf'e (tahnSa9
Democrat.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

A NLw cigar factory has been
started on Commerce street, by c..
Springer. Charlie is son of Min
oral Point, and needs little introduce
ton to our people. He has had
considerable experience in making
cigars both here and in Chicago, and
has proved himself ali excellent
workman, and his enterprise is
worthy of reward.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

The Grant County Herald thus
expresses the opinion Of the people
in general The narrow gauge IS
not adapted TO this climate or soil
It cannot stand the pitiless storms
against which the broad gauge en-
CINE plows its way in royal fun.
The narrow gauge at Platteville has
no. been IN for aveek bu. The
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17
MINERAL POINT WISCONSIN, THURSDAY FEBRUARY u 1881

The fact that the Darlington
Democrat has been changed in form
and otherwise improved we failed
to mention in our last. We are
pleased to see such signs of pros
perity.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

On Wednesday, the "a OF March,
Mr.. n. Uren will offer at public
sale, at his farm in Waldwick town
ship, ten miles east of Mineral Point,
q lot OF, good stock and farming
utensils.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

"WHY don't some fellow start .
cigar iactory III our TOM is The
cry Of the darlington papers
There no need Of Il, neighbors.
Oar ea.crprising cigar maker, Jas
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

NoTlcG.--To the Tax PAYERS Of
Mineral Point town: Those WISHING
TO ave money can DO so by rot pay
ing their tax, as viii commence co.
pying on the delinquents in the early
part Of Mavch--County Treasurer
don't charge anything i
JonN CARPENTER, Town Treas.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17
The Local Field.

sg Business Notices in locsl columns
l@ated, and ia same type as local news, %lll be
chased for At The rate of 10 cents per line, each
insertion. No business notice published III this
department first issue, for less than 30 cents
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17
NUMBER !.

sa'ue rest Of body and soul, by tho
glowing hearth or under the lcaly
shade.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

TIE growing business of Messrs.
Law " Osborne, as agents for musi-
cal instruments, has compelled them
to seek more commodious quarters
and they have rented the store room
lately occupied by II. Joseph, oppo-
site Gundry q Grays. It's their in
tention to keep on hand large
stock of all the leading pianos and
organs.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

A FULL line of horse, cattle, hog.
sheep and other cuts, just what look
fine in auction bills, kept in readi-
ness at the TRIBUNE Office for the
accommodation of our friends. Prices
way down on all kinds of poster and
other work, Sale bills printed on
extra short notice. Come right
along with your order. Free notice
given IN the paper remember.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17


- --------------- ------
NEw YORK produces 1900 bar
rels Of ashes every day
As high price as So 10 was paid
for hogs in this market this week.
BARLOW, of Darlington, has 10000
bushels of oats stored in his ware
house.
The richest man in Russia has
only about one-thlrd the wealth of
Vanderbilt
TIE quantity Of valentines sent
.nrough the Chicago postoftice reach
a ton in weight,
The late storms have proved of
great disadvantage to trade and
travel all over the country.
WATER pipes in Burlington, Iowa,
buried at depth of nearly five feet,
have been found frozen solid.
AN exchange, speaking of the
funeral, Of citizen, says sit was
largely attended by the family"
J. p. HAWKINS, house, sign, aud
ornamental painter, and paper hang
er, is in want of an apprentice. 7w2
IT took four hours to carry the
mail from here TO Dodge7ille Sat-
urday last, and it's only eight miles.
FARMERS who come to town this
week report having passed through
cuts in snow drifts at least ten feet
deep.
THE senior editor worohipped in
this city Sunday. lie returned to
Madison the better, we trust, for
his visit.
IN the rowing g-match between
FIanlan and Laycock, on the River
Hhames recently, HanIan was the
winner.
SO FAR 1920 tickets to the inau-
guration ball have been sold, and
quarters have been engaged for 20,-
900 people.
WHILE boring Cor water vein
Of lead ore twenty-five feet thick
has been struck at Galona. So
Tulnor says.
No postoffice at Cl?de because nc
person wants the position Of post
master at that place. It's not fat
enough take,
Mr. BRACE, formerly an employo
n the machine office Of b. Pratt, is
up from Illinois greetiag his numer-
GUS friends here.
TIE Grangers Of Iowa county con-
gened yesterday in convention at the
Middlebury church. 3he meeting
ends with to.dlv
THE depot building Of the Chicago
Milwaukee & st. Paul Railroad at
treeport was destroyed by fire Fri
day morning last,
BURR ROBBINS, the Janesyil!e
Snowman, is building cars at an
expense of $4,000, for his next
seasons campaign.
MARTHA, q young daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Sam'l Jenkins, died on
Tuesday night. The bereayed pa
rents have our symuathy.
THE pedagogues of this county
will fnd notice from the County
superintendent in this issue that
vill be ofinterest to them.
THE people OF Warren failed to
turn out to hear Nasby sufficiently
to insure half the expenses. They
must be very unappreciatiye set.
We all considered Friday nights
blizzard a stiff one, but il Dakota
storms are reported to be Of such
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

a rARTY of young folks from Oar
lington went to Fayette one evening
lately and attended church. Their
behavior vas SO void of good man
ners, they were treated to severe
scathing in last weeks Darlington
ReppJlcau.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17
Too Much BEAUTIFUL. There

Too Much BEAUTIFUL. There
was riot OF the elements on the
night of Friday last in this section.
Along in the afternoon snow COM
menced to fall lightly, aud toward
evening the storm set in in dead
earnest, accompanied by a fierce.
driving wind from the northeast,
which blew The snow in mammoth
drifts and into every crack and crew
ice Of buildings Of all kinds. The
blizzard continued all night, aud
when our people woke upon the
beautifully wild, white scene the
next morning their thoughts can
only be imagined. Business and
ordinary labor was suspended, all
classes turning. out to "make way
for liberty" Trains were blocked
and all modes Of travel almost en-
tirely checked. Farmers were, Of
course, unable to come 90 market
and trade that day was--well, there
was none The train which left
here at tie usual hour Saturday
morning Tor Warren could not make
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

OUR worthy Mayor did just the
right thing Saturday when be put a
force to work clearing the snow
from CT the sidewalks on all the
principal streets. 1t made church
going Sunday a pleasant duty.
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

broad gauge has not missed a single
train"
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1881-02-17

SEVEN miscreants, Of Muscoda,
were taken to our County calaboose
by proper officials for raising dis
agreeable disturbance at highland.
They INDUCED in shooting pistols,
throwing cord wood, etc, through
windows, and in consequence have
been bound over in 500 bonds each
for their appearance at the next
term oG the Circuit Court.