davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03

los amos, trajeEan el c57er0, 8 les b bian
hecho sa,ir cuanto antes de Cai,o, 8
los enviaban ciartO iazAret0, no re-
cuerdo bien este detaile per0 81 re-
cuerdo que el tenor de que lla7asen Ell
colera comprimi6 nj esp.ritu ntri-
buy0 No pose "a am8rgar MI vlBle, obi
gandome d royestirme do ese vAlor re-
f5xivo indispensable en- los mom ntos
supremos de ia vida porqae, 10 confi9-
so con la sinceridad = franqaezA con que
siempr habi0 de mIs sentlm!entos eI
c6,era, esa terrible epidemls, ese azote
que dos envia d9 tempo en- tempo So
ore Ia humanidad, esa desastr0sa qua.
dana que diazma las poblaoiones del
mundo, que en- az mismo dia, ell 10 de
agosto de 1855, arrebato hi padre d
mi mtdre, es mi pavoroso f4ntasma, as
quiza 10 uaico que ne sobrecoge en la
TERRA.
Cuando llegu6 a la estaci6n del Cairo
Y supe que no iba Suez otro europao
que 20, experiments algna disgusto, ps-
70 cuando me enteraron de que SO sos-
pechaba Sc temis que aquelios seis-
cientos arabes fuerau infcionados del
c6lera, tuve que evocar con brio el va.
lor que en- las criticas CIRCUMSTANCES no
me hs faItado sun, para emprender
aquel visje por las soledades del De-
sierto; 10 emprendi, 10 conolui, ignore
81 aquellos infelices habitantes del Asia
trasportaban on al el germen de esa fu-
nesta peste, pero 20 no tuve resultado
slguno slnlestro.
Aquel viaje 10 hioe solo, oompleta.
mente solo, por que los ssiscientos ARA
bes que iban on el tren, nj cast saian
de sus iaulas, nj SO comunloaban con-
migo para NADIA, nj los entendla nj 81
ouiera me miraban. Una Inca bien
mareada divide al arabe de! europe0.
Todos los iodioios do aquel vlsle apa'
recian oontrsrios nj, peFo me ANNA
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03

81 es exacto 10 que cuenta el ve-
cino con respecto al Collector de Ca
bo-rojo; 81 es cierto que hace dos me-
ses permanece preso sin saber que
tribunal lie ha Dc juzgar Iii por que
delito, con nuestra ffanquez, y pro-
bidad habituales, declaramos que SO
ha cometido un abuse que las leyes
no tolsran y que nosotras no. pode-
mos menos que reprobar. Por nues-
ira psrte ig1orabamos esos detalles.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03
La paja en 81 ojo ajeno.

Parece ser que en- los Estados
Unidos hay quien quiere emular las
exageraciones y paparruchas ell que
incurrieron algunos peri6licos fran
ceses cuando las 6estas del casamien-
to del Rey con su primera esposa la
infortunada Mercedes de Orleans.
Los f4steJos del Centenario de Cal
der0n han brindado motive 4 ciertos
peri6dicos para disparatar atrozmente
dando d comprender al mas ignoran-
te gu desconocimiento complete de
10 que es Espana y de 10 que son
los espanoles, de sus gustos y de sus
temperameutos.
Para que vean nuestros lectores
como Sc ha despachsdo un semana-
rio neo-yorkino refriendose al recien-
celebrado Centenario de Calderon,
ALA va un pequeno recorte que ha
merecido va grandes varapalos de
algunos colegas peninsulares mas
entendidos que los que en- laazlr al
p1blico tales barbarlda les Sc ocu-
pan:
Ioros q poestL-Eo 81 centenario
del do tor Pedro C4i1eron, poets dra-
maturgo, Sc habra celebralo "a una
gran corrlda de- toros ante cjsa NIL es.
pectalores. Flguremouos cosa parcel
da EN- los E8t4dos-U ujdos-uua corri-
ds de toros ca Boston para festejar
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03

FL vecino recomienda q catorca de
los ounce Candidates adictos al go
bierno que h. aceptado y recomeu.
dado Ell Comlte Central do nuestro
partldo y cnyos nombres publicamos
en- ell suplemento de hoy. 10 cee.
branos nucho. A,i tenemos una
nueva concili4ci0n sin hlbernos con-
ciliado
Al 1nico candidate ministerial que
cotabate el r. f)rmlsmo es a! ilustra.
do puertoliqueno D. Joe de C4rta-
gena que Sc presenta por Sabana.
grande. Nuestro5 adversarios q,lie.
ren sacar por ALI al Sr. D. Rafael
NJ. de Labra, Jefe de los autouomis-
tas antillanos, que tiene su election
segura por Cuba, Ell donde Sc hacen
las elecciones por acumulacioo, & sea
por uu slstema en- que no es possible
deje de salir triunfante en- partelaopo.
sici6n y por 10 tsnto ell defensor
elocuente de Ia autonomia colonial.
Naturalmente g: Sr. Labra, que
tambisn Sc presenta candidate con
grandes probabilldades de triunfo por
ell 1n6esto. optara .por Cuba, de donde
es natural, 8 por Asturias, pals ma.
tai de su padre y en- donde ell mismo
tribune Sc ha criado. Y los autono.
mistas de Sabana-grande, Yauco y
Cabo-rojo, aun en- ell case improba-
BILE de que triuufen, perderan Iasti-
mosamente su tempo y su trabajo.
Labra pre6ere q Cuba y a Asturias.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03

Los que padecen de b0Ietinofobia
dicen d toios los que quieren oIrles
que basta que ell BoLErIN defeAia
una cosa . question para que Sc
pierda, y que la ataque para que Sc
game. Anadcn que estd el BoLRTiN
tan salQdo que ALI donde pone la
mano todo 10 echa perder. Y en-
efecto, ell BoLEriN lleva promoyldas
va sis suscrlpc.ones que produjeron
de LOO a $500 pesos cada una ::
atac6 la juuta pOIltlca f4mosa que sc
trat6 de formar aqui a nediados de
1873, a imltaci6n de las que Sc cou-
gregaron en- Tlerrafrme, y fracas0
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03
Disposiciones importantes.

La Gaceta del 80 de Julio alt,mo
ha publicado dos documentos i'm
portantisimos y de suma trasce ld4n-
cia. Es ell primero Ell Real Decreto
de Is de noviembre de 1875, hacho
extensive esta provincial por Real
Ordeu de Il de Mayo de este ano,
y acordAio su cunplimieato por
acuerdo de esta Real Aldieucia en-
pleno el q de julio. En- vlrtud de
esta superior disposition Sc abrevia,
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03

FL decano de Ponce duia que sea
exscta la traducci6n que hicimos del
Herald rsspecto q como considera la
autonomfa ell Sr. Subsecretario de
Uitramar No h!y en- Ponce un
Herald del II de julio, en- cuya pla-
na 5 pue1a cerciorarse de 81 traduji.
mos bien 9 mtl?
.Supoae ell colega que aquel alto
fuucionario conoce de osdas las pro-
vlncias de U.tramar sepa, 81 10
ignora ell decAuo del Sur, qae ell Sc
nor r >driguez CorreA nacid y Sc
crio en- Cuba, y saba de estos palses
tanto por 10 menos como La Gr6-
nicn.
He aqu( los piropos con que ell
pApel autoaonista adula al senior
COrrea
" L. dutonomta 20 as la tndcpendencsa
colonial 8 ol separdtismo: 81 ell Sr. Correa,
Slbsecretario de . tramar, confande
ambas cosas, procede con ignorancia,
0 simp'emente obedecs las preocups-
clones de la escuela veaccicnaria.
E. Bo'etin y el citado Snbsecretario
est4n la mism altura IN msteria de
ciencia politicA y administrative ultra
marinas.
Perlonc ell colega f; pero ell seflor
Correa (y adn ell BoLEr'S) tiene mo-
tlvos para no creerse inferior al sc.
nor Blldorioty en- nlnguns clase de
cuestiones ultramarinas.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1881-08-03

la junta atac6 ell institute federal
del mismo ano, y cayo el institute :
atac0 los maestros de escuela po-
lfticos, y quedaron cesa1tes hizo
guerra los doce peri0lioos que en-
aquella epoca Sc Ia hacian sin Guar
tel, y murieron los peri0dicos Sc
opuso al puerto franco por creerlo
peligroso para la capital y llamado
d producer graves disgustos en- Ell
resto de la isla, y desjsti6 ell gobier-
no de aquella reforna va CAST aeor-
dada: conbati6 ell censo electoral
establecido en- 1870 y a las cqpaci
dades que un colega de M4yagdez
llam6 nauseabundas, y Sc modified ell
censo conbatl6 la acumuaciol, y
vino abtjo: combati6 la escuela re-
formista llama1a flote;nicl que es-
taba en- Was de estsblecerse, y no
pudo crearse: combati6 las socie ladies'
de Agriculture, y va no viven mas que
norninalmente combati6 las milicias
disclplinadas y fleron disueltas: com
batio. en- resumen, al reformismo, y
b ce sl4te mos no levanta cabeza.
E BoLkrtN pidi6 que Sc reb.jara
la contrioucl0n la agricultural, y Sc
rebaj6, primero no coorando NADIA d
los que pagaban menos de 10 pesos
despuss deduciendo un SO p.% :
demostr6 que ell 35 p.% que Sc re.
baJaba como para refsccl6n del pro-
ductO oruto, era mucho menos de 10
que realmente gastaban las hacien-
las, y e,ta rebaja Sc extendio des-
pues al 50 p.% Pidi6 que Sc abrle-
ran los puertos de Cuba nuestro
tabaco, y Sc abrieron sostuvo que
ell cuartllIo de arancel era ell del pals,
y asl 10 reconoci0 impiicitameute ell
senor lutendeuts Adriaensens, dis
minuyendo los derechos EN- proper
ci6n que aumento los cuartillos
pidl6 uu gran coiegio cristiauo para
Ia mujer puertoriqlen,, indicando
como mas a prop6.ito para dirigrle
q las iIustradas y virtuosas religios IS
del CorAz6n de JESUS, y teneno-
ese gran plantel que ACADIA de dar
pruebas de su utindad con los bri-
llantes examenes que hl poc) tuvie-
ron Iugar en- el: p'di0 una recon
pensa honorlfica para los voluntlrlos,
y h: venido: pidi6 que Sc aboliera
el v4tusto araucel de 1000 part.d4s,
y esta aboido: pidi6 que Sc rcfor-
mase ell nuevo, y Sc eata reformlnio
convenientemeAte : srn ia al lgunos
ief.ctoS en- las nuevas Orlen1nz .s, y
no iuda que seran r.f)rm .las.
Podrlamos mancionar otras mu
cn4s cuestiones en- que ha salido
trinnfante el BoLsTfN, pero es in
1til para muestra bAstan las ex-
presadas
Dos cuestiones perdio ell BoLBTtN
contra los peri0 1icos reformlstts, y
todo ell mundo le da la raz0n ahora,
y siente no Sc hayan seguiio sus
desinteres,dos consejos respecto d
elias la del hospital mcnstruo y la
de la celebre negotiation: la pri-
mera ha arruinado q los tenedores
de- billetes y encareciio los giros; la
segunda ha traido la bancarrota
q nuestra autes prospera hacienda
nunicipa'
No a los argumentos del BoLErlN
Sc debe su victoria en- CAST todas las
materils que trat6, siao ii haberse
inspira 10 siempre en- la raz61, en- la
justlcla y en- la opinion general.
Conque, We .se 81 esta 8 no saIodC
Ell B0LErlN, i lico peri0 llco que tie
ne vida propla y verdadera iualencla
en- Puerto-Rico.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01

cicstrized. II they ever voted with the
Democratic party Il was because Of thar
feeling that there was no other distinctive
organization 10 which they could attach
themselves.
When the dnal struggle came In the State
these men we're squarely arrayed against
tho regular Democratic party. which 70.
fused to harbor for . moment the principle
Of population. In the subsequent LeRis-
laturs the dividing line was distinctly
drawn. Tho regular Democracy. who had
elected their Governor (Holliday). refused
to a~filiste with these repudiationists, and,
though outnumbered In the Legislature, .
Democratic Governor saved tho honor Of
the State by vetoing the foolish measures
Of the majority. In the Senatorial fight
Malone was opposed BY every honest Dem.
ocrat and elected through . sombination Of
Republicans and the third party.
Under such circumstances. what claim
the Democratic party can have upon him,
and what right they have to expect him 70
vote with them. We are unable TO discover.
II he had boldly announced his intention
Of voting with the Republicans months
age, there would have been no inconsis.
tency In IL, and now that he has waited and
secured his own price. the elevation Of one
Of his staunchsst friends to . lucrative pc.
sition, We think he has acted the part OF
common prudence. He occupies an anom-
alous position In the Senate, but one which
may BE- made Of great use 10 his State, and
he 10 the very man to ill IL for all 1t Is
worth. II matters little with whom be
allies himself, they will have TO pay dearly
for his association.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
Wealthy Senator's.

A Washington paper. that has been
inquiring into the fnapcial standing Of
United States Senators, says: Senator
Fair OF Nevada cannot tell how rich hs
10. He 10 supposed to Do worth as much
a. the rest OF the Senate combined.
David Davis OF Illinois Is ranked nextto
Fair. Eugene Hale. whose wife In.
herited lack Chambers fortune. prob.
ably comes after Davis. Senator Miller
Of California, Malone Of Virginia. Saw
yer Of Wisconsin. Blaine OF Maine,
Cameron OF Pennsylvanis. Davis Of
West Virginia. Plumb Of Kansas and
Jones of Nevada are regarded a. mil.
~iionaires. Sswell Of New Jersey has
much money. The following are said
to be worth more than $500, 900: Hill
OF Colorado. Brown Of Georgia, German
OF Maryland, Mcpherson OF New Jersey,
and Psndleton OF Ohio. Among those
not already mentioned. who possess at
least 800. 900 apiece. are Morrill, Of
Vermont, Anthony Of Rhode Islasd,
Conklipg OF New York, Rollins Of New
Hampshire. Saunders OF Nebraska, VIM
dom Of Minnesota, Ferry OF Michigan,
Kellogg OF Louisiana, Allison Of Iowa,
Harrison Of Indiana, and Bayard Of
Delaware.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01

The chivalrous Southerner would seem
to b getting u cute a. the wooden nut
meg and hickory ham Yankee. Ginseng
root grows Wild In Tennessee, Georgia
and Alabama. and 1000. 900 pounds Of
II annually find ready sale TO New Ysrk
merchants at from 81 10 to 80 90 per
pound. This vast quantity 10 exported
to China direct. except . small proper
ton which 10 consumed BY the Chinese
residents on this coast. By the Chinese
IL IL held in the highest esteem for
medicinal properties which II does not
possess. A recent investigation made
in New York revealed the fact that some
entsrprisips Tsnnesseeans had been add.
ing to the genuine ginseng fifty per cent.
Of another plant. resembling ginseng in
it, outward appearance. and growing in
abundance all over the Southern States.
and adding TO the weight OF the genuine
article BY boring holes in the roots and
loading them with lead.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
A Representative American Lady.
San Fronei,so Call.

""stssS tN''
All that Mrs. Mackay lacks Of being
. princess 10 the title, and this would
hardly b an added grace to n 30 gifted
a. q hostess. The rumor that she in
tends transferring her residence from
Paris to New York Is received with de-
light BY the Gothamitss. She will be Q
Welcome acquisition to the society Of
that city. which, to this country. like
Paris to France. 10 the center Of gayety.
The prodigal hand with which Mrs.
Msekay scatters her wealth has given
rise to Q number Of anecdotes concern.
ing the lady. all Of which are creditable
to her strong love Of her country and
everything American. Among them is
the following. which 1t would BE- just as
we'll for the reader to take with . grain
Of allowance :
When General Grant was In Paris,
she wished to have the Place dc l'Etoils
handsomely illuminated, and offered to
pay the expense. but the Partisan and
some English residents objected. Then.
getting her spunk up. Mrs. Maoksy gave
her agent q commission to buy ont the
whole nsighborhood. including the Arc
de Triomphe, II the Parisians would say
what they would sell IL for; but. - shs
could NOT strike Q bargain, she had to bs
content to Q only her own dwelling
illuminated.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
~ AnD tn. GOVERNOR"

Ignatius Loyols's Virginia City publ
cation "thinks. with Governor Kinkesd.
that . we'll managed lottery would bes
great benefit to the State" whsw !
How No apples swim I" at and the
Governor" is good. The Virginia City
jssuitical publication els also Of the
opinion with the Governor sgsin) that
the Supreme Court of the State Is the
proper tribunal to pass upon the con
stitutionality Of the infamous lottery bill
passed at the last session Of our Lsgisls-
turs. eve apples" once more. What
q strong bond Of union, the Virginia City
j.suiticsl publication would have people
believe exists between " and the Gov
srnor =" "a little civst, Mr.. Apoths-
cary" Wont Governor Kinkssd feel
highly complimsntsd whom he reads Of
the pretended intimacy Of the Virginia
City ~jssuitieal publication and His EI.
eellsncyf
But what miserable sophistry the plea
IL that the Supreme Court IL the only
body Of men in Nevada that car under
stand plain English! The Constitutional
prohibition against lotteries in this State
il % plain that he Who run may read
and understand. the Virginia City
jssuitical publication, two years ago, de-
slsrsd the lottery bill then before the
Legislature to be unconstitutional. What
language can b palmer than this: No
LorrERY sHALL BE AUTHORIZED NJ THIS
STATE, NOE SHALL Tus SALE OF LOTTERY
rIcxrrs BE ALLowEp.-Artiek w, Sec.
ton "a of our Stats Constitution. Governor
Kinkssd himself was . delegate TO the
C~onvsntion that framed q State Con-
stitution, and he Endorsed the work oil
the Convention. Can the Virginia City
jessitical publication and His Ezcsllsncy.
~ and the Governor" give any other
meaning to the clause just quoted
than It's plain language implissf II
20, then verify there 10 NO SOL
encs Of law. When two and two
will make Ave. then the words EN- lot
terry shall DO authorized BY this State.
nor shall the sale Of lottery tickets be
allowed" can 10 construed to mean thai
lotteries are not unconstitutional. bul
not before. Most certainly the words
require no interpreter in order that even
. child twelve years old may oomprs'
bend their meaning. No man. unless
his Judgment il warped BY pecuniary
interest, can fail to understand the full
meaning Of our constitutional prohibi.
ton Of lotteries. The "eminsntly 70.
spectacle gentlemen" Of the last lottery
scheme know. a. we'll - they know they
live. that the Supreme Court OF this
State will declare their scheme unconsti.
tutional. but they hope to make q for
tune from the sale Of tickets In other
states before the Court a pass upon
the question. That they shall not do &C
should 10 the determination Of every
law-abidins citizen Of this State.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
:. II III. NEW. does no, stop II. oppo

"Ii the News does not stop It's oppo.
sition to our lottery We will fght back"
So said ons Of the godfathers Of the re-
Gently passed lottery bill. And the
order has gone forth to every little
chickadse sheet In the State that has bar.
tered ito honor for the promise Of
"much.needsd advertising" not to en-
dsavor to convince the people Of Nevada
that Q lottery drawing will benefit them.
not to use arguments to convince the
Nrws OF its error in opposing "our
lottery" but to abuse the owner and
attaches OF the News. Just a II per-
sonal abuse would silence this journal !!
just a. IL personal abuse Of the News
did not shov the weakness Of the lot
terry mems cause! All right Sail in
little ones. but sec that yoa get your
promised thirty pieces Of silver before
the thing collspses. Remember the AZ.
zls OF Blanchsrd's lottery seven or eight
years ago.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
CoNKLISG.

According to latest kilograms Senator
Roscoe Conkling Of New York has con-
oluded to wage . relentless war against
the Administration in opposition to the
confirmation OF Robertson % Collector
OF New York. In fact, Conkling pro.
poses to have things run his way or not
at all. He even goes so far as to make
a covert threat in saying that II Blaine
be permitted to take charge Of the New
York portion Of the Republican party
and appointments he and his supporters
may run II In 1884 and elect tho Rspub.
lean ticket there IL they oan.
1t Is about time that this concsited
turkey-cock Conkling was properly
snubbed and set back where he belongs.
He msddled with the Hayes Administra-
ton more than he should have been
allowed to do, and more than was good
for the party. and now he seems deter.
mined to rule OF ruin the party under
the present Administration. II 10 true
that he is an able party leader; yet for
whatever benefit he has been to the
party he has received all due reward In
the honors and smolumsnts that have
been conferred upon him. His judgment
10 not iniallible In all points OF the pc.
litical situation. and be should DO taught
to recognize the possibilities OF that
proposition.
As to bis implied threat to rule or
ruin the party in the next Presidential
campaign unless his present demands
are complied with. he is very liable to
change his mind before that time ar
rivss. He should realize that a. Q Re-
publican he owes his duty to the party.
the same a. all other members Of the
party, while the party itself owes moth.
ing personally to any Of It's members.
Every Republican is supposed and sI-
pectsd to do his duty. And Coskring
cannot wilfully fail to do SO without dis
honor to himself. Gonkling may DO
able to run the Sprague family, but be
will hardly succeed in running the pres
snt Administration. Il he does, Prssi-
dent Garfield Ia not the stalwart old
commander that we have put him up to
ha
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
Boss Gorham.
1ros. You.., 4,

Graz Valley tCai.) Free Lance.
George O. Gorham IL still q boss. He
has been elected Secretary Of the United
States Senate. he received. every single
vots-an unanimous vote-for the posi-
ton, In the Republican Senatorial eau.
Gus. No n there opposed him. Frank
Pixlsy was against him. but Frank was
only 10 San Francisco and all he could do
was to write al open letter to the Senators
In opposition 10 Gorhsm. Frank told how
Gorham stumped the State for Glenn for
Governor, and opposed Perkins. Glenn
was the Democratic candidate and Per.
kins the Republican. Stalwart Senators
did not care q cent what George had
done. They wanted him for what hs can
do In the future; and he II . worker.
His party in this State rssoluted against
his standing as a Republican party man.
but even that did no good. He IL. or
will be In q few days. Secretary OF the
United States Senate. And Mr.. Gorham
Is o good officer.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-04-01
An indian Funeral.
.Silr,r State, March 10,


Johnny Barrett. who Is . kind OF Q
Acknowledgement among the Piutss.
attended the funeral Of Dolby Johns
brother, tho other day. He says the
body was strapped on 4 horse and taken
to the Pluto burying ground, some nine
miles from town, In the Harmony noun
tains. where there 10 . huge pile Of loose
The grave was prepared by 70.
moving some Of the stones. after which
some fine saeebrush was placed In the
hole. A rabbit akin robe was placed on
the brush. and the body was laid on the
robe. Then the pale face was ordered
to leave, and an Indian was sent to 90.
cort him out OF sight OF the baryipg
ground. What t%ranspired after he left
he does not know, but be has been told
by some OF the Indians that . pony was
killed ct the grave and buried with the
departed brave. he 10 also Of the opin.
lon that the wife OF the deceased was al.
10 sacrificed over his dead body, but he
doss not know this to be . fact.