davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

from them and put him to death, and
the cause Of this fear certainly grows
As the evidence Of insanity appears to
grow stronger.
Judge Hayden, Of Missouri. q magis-
trate OF long experience, said to-day
that he had watched both prisoner and
jury very close. As to the former he
says that he appeared to him as not in
same In . professional sense of that
word. but Is certainly Of unsound
mind, and be judges not from the out
bursts In the court room which may
easily be the effects of simpleton; but
BY his whole conduct, and BY his ap-
pearance. especially when he Is quiet.
The Jury, he thinks, and In this he
agrees with all who have seen 1t.
is composed of good men; it il re-
markably good looking jury, and .
conscientious one. II one may Judge
from appearances. and viii do all in its
power to reach q sound decision;
but after all. the judge said, the
matter 10 almost entirely In Judge Cox's
hands, and much perhaps depends upon
the character Of his charge.
The assailant made good his escape.
and there is no chance of his capture
as public opinion is considerably in his
favor.
Guiteau says the failure to kill him ID
another evidence that the Lord taking
care of him, and won't let any harm
to him. He il still uneasy and fright
tened.
An alarm was sent out and mounted
police instructed to scour the country.
An officer patrolling near the soldiers
home, saw q man answering the de-
scription, and cried to him to halt. He
got y blast of profanity in return, AZ
the fellow dashed away. The officer
followed him in hot pursuit, and the
chase was continued across the district
line, until the fellow disappeared in the
woods.
The officer laid In wait for him, and
he soon resppeared and was arrested
and brought to the city. His name ID
William Jones, and he is said to be
"crankisn." not seeming to realize thai
he has done anything to involve him In
trouble.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

st. Louis, Nov. 19.-No trains left
the Union depot this morning except
the Ohio & Mississippi and Cairo short
line. Several hundred passengers due
here last night were transported by
river from Alton, by the Chicago s.
Alton railroad. Heavy rains last night
washed out the road beds, and only one
passenger train arrived this morning.
Railway communication with Chicago
Is practically cut of.
Indianapolis Ind, Nov. 19.-Trains
are greatly delayed by the rains. A
fireman and engineer were badly hurt
on train due here at four this morn
ing, by ditching.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

The loss Of a schooner with hour for
the Magdalen islands. Is expected to
participate seaLon Of great misery and
starvation upon the Inhabitants, a. the
potato crop is total failure.
An Atlanta special says that Sparks
Bright, negro claiming to have Indian
blood In his veins, was hanged at
Lumpkin, Stewart county. for outrag-
ing Miss Ida Pope, while engaged In
doctoring her for cancer. The hanging
was public. This is the third hanging
in Georgia this month, and another Is
set down for the 25th.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
A LilIcy in Durance vile.

Washington, Nov "a special off,
Ger Of the department of justice to-day
arrested Frederick H. Lilley, late dep
uty auditor of the treasury for the post
Office department, on warrant charg-
ing Lilley with receiving s5, 900 as COM
pensation for service rendered by him
in procuring for Geo. w. Brott mail
contract for route No. 5000, from DON
aldsonville to Red River Landing, Lou
isiana, and in pursuance of this agree
ment be received drafts from Brott to
be paid from the amounts duo 9rott.
The charge was made upon information
received from Brott.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

A Pioneer Press dispatch from Du-
rand, Wis, says: Ed. Maxwell had his
examination at 2 O'Clock p. m. to-day,
and plead not guilty, waving examina-
tion. On leaving the court room the
Officers were overpowered, though they
made brave resistance, and the pris-
oner was taken by q hundred deter
mined men, coming from all parts Of
the country, and in less than three min
utes was hanging from q convenient
limb near the court house. Our citi-
zens deprecated the action of the mob,
but were powerless to resist. Tho mat
ter was evidently well considered and
arranged, and fully carried out. After
the hanging the crowd dispersed In
good order, and our usually quiet vii
lage shows no signs Of the fearful ex-
citement that Prevailed during the day.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Denver. Nov. 19.-At . meeting Of
the directors Of the Denver d New Or
leans railroad, the road was definitely
located by the way Of Pueblo. Tho en-
gineers reported the line on easy grades
and plenty Of coal all the way to the
Canadian river in Texas.
A Leadville dispatch says: The dis.
trict court to day declined to set aside
the verdict In the case Of Matchless VI.
the Dolphin mine, and entered iudg-
ment for the latter.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Camden, N. T., Nov. 10.-The large
iron works of John 7. Starr have been
given into the hands of committee Of
creditors who will operate them until
various pending contracts are finished.
when permanent arrangements will be
made.
Boston, Nov. 19.-At 11:s0 O'Clock,
the Central national bank stopped pay
ing checks. The officers say it is a
temporary stoppage for purpose Of
consultation among directors. as q
proper course to pursue. At the clear
ing house to-day the Central bank was
compelled to pay $400. 900.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Constantinople, Nov. ia French
and Arab acrobatic troupe II perform.
ing here, In which there arc twelve
English children, virtually retained a.
slaves, and horribly Ill treated. 1t II
understood that Lord Granville has or
dered the consul general to recover the
possession of the children and forward
them to England.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
Who /. the Pre.,ies. Girl in Anne

Is question that would perplex
congress Of connoisseurs assembled to
nominate the most beautiful. utBuch
an assemblage would not be surprised
to learn, that the most charming Of
their sex, on this side Of the Atlantic,
enhance the beauty and preserve the
soundness of their teeth with Sozodont,
since everybody knows, that the ladies
prefer it to any and all dentifrices. Let
no man say after this. that women lack
Judgment. 4
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Of malpractice. which Guiteau insists
must be made the foundation stone Of
his defense.
scoville inquired minutely as to who
had authorized witness to take charge
of the case.
Davidge suggested that it had moth
ing to do with the matter. but witness
answered by saying, that the request
had been inside to him on the morning
of July 3rd, by the President, no one
else being present. but Mrs. Garfield
and witness.
Scoville also inquired about the
quantity of morphic administered.
Scoville asked about the probing and
washing of the wound, and possibility
Of its having been thoroughly probed.
and il the real track Of the ball had
been known from the first.
To the question on that point, wit
ness gave negative reply.
He was also asked BY what authority
most Of the doctors who had been orig
inally In attendace were discharged.
Witness said it was by authority OF
the president. given in presence of Mrs.
Garfield and witness.
He was asked where the ball had
been found.
He replied that all viscera had been
taken out and placed In a bowl and
that in that bowl the ball was found in
its cyst.
Quite q sensation was produced,
when the district attorney suddenly
drew from pasteboard box. upon his
table section Of human backbone and
holding it up.i inquired, do you recog-
nize this, doctor?
The audience hung breathless upon
the answer, as the witness in measured
tones. replied. I do, it is portion Of
vertebra Of the late President Jas. A.
Garfield.
The vertebra was then handed to the
jury and the character extent of the
injury fully explained to them.
DR.. Bliss was followed with closest
attention on part Of the entire audi
ence, with the sole exception Of Gui-
teau who devoted himself to his papers,
only occasionally glanciag up with an
air of man being bored with recital
In which he could have no interest.
After the vertebra had been returned
to the district attorneys table, Scoville
reached over and requested an oppor-
tunity to examine it. It was handed
him, and Guiteau, who sits immedi-
ately on his right examined It closely
as Scoville turned It over from side to
side, he made no move to touch 1t how
ever, and gave not slightest indica-
tion of feeling, other than casual curl
osity.
The examination of witnesses was
progressing when recess hour arrived.
After the recess long and tedious
cross examination of DIR. Bliss took
place. Upon its conclusion the dis
trict attorney inquired If the defense
proposed to pursue the same course Of
examination with the rest of the medi-
cal. witnesses, and upon Robinson re-
plying about the same, announced that
the prosecution expected to close to-
day, but under the circumstances he
did not deem it advisable to introduce
another witness.
Guiteau here attempted to say some
thing when the district attorney bow
ing with mock gravity, continued: If
MIR. Guiteau will permit me, your
honor, I will move we adjourn.
Guiteau appeared to relish II pleas
antly and nodding, replied: Oh, GER
tainly, you shall have full chance.
Adjourned.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Little Rock, Nov. 19.-The body Of o
man found crowded into stump Of q
hollow tree near Bayou Meto section
house on the Memphis & Little Rock
railroad. evidently has been the work
of foul play. The body was a mere
skeleton, with lime placed on it to aid
and conceal the decomposition. The
murder probably dates $ years back
whom man named Dennison disap-
peared mysteriously from that section.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
German Affairs.

Berlin, Nov. 19.-Teritzow, candi-
date Of the conservative coalition, has
been elected president Of the reichstag;
receiving 1893 votes, against 143 for
Stauffenburg, liberal. Franckenstein.
Of the centre, was elected .nrst vice
president, receiving 197 votes, against
1856 for Beuda, liberal.
Crown Prince Frederick William has
had an audience with Cardinal Won
Hahenlohe.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

New York, Nov. 19.-Theodore G.
Weeks, the broker indebted to the Pa
ciic bank, was in financial trouble a
few months ago on account of the
sudden collapse of Boston, Hartford
and Erie bonds, in which he was large
ly interested. after making arrange
ments with creditors he appeared again
on the street. It is understood that
his losses are mnde good by the subse-
quent advance of bonds.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Boston, Nov. ia meeting is being
held by the Pacific bank people for the
purpose of reorganizing the concern.
Weeks SAID this morning that IL the re-
organization is effected he'd be able to
remove his liabilities.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Cologne, Nov. 19.-A violent shock
Of earthquake, Of short duration. CO.
CURED here last night, and slight tre-
mors were felt for hours after 1t.
Borne, Nov. 19.-Two strong shocks
of earthquake wero felt hero last night.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
Trade.

New York, Nov. 19.-Clearings for
the week. e47 900, 900. q good shewing
for dull week on 'changs.
The general mercantile trade has
been fairly active, but chiefly Of the
main order.
The markets on the board of trade
show good speculative activity but
no great excitement In any branch,
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
Cut,in. Down the Navy.

Constantinople, Nov. 10. During
yesterday and to-day 1000 sailors Of
the Turkish navy were dismissed to
their homes, and several iron -clads will
be dismantled.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Albany, Nov. 19.-Ths governor has
appointed Chas. Andrews, of Syracuse,
chief judge of the court of appeals,
vice Folger.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Washington. Nov. 19.-Postmaster
General James and party left for
Florida, and will return via Atlanta.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

New York, Nov. 19-The Northern
Pacific railway company contemplates
selling large tract of land eighty miles
west Of Bismarck to the English land
company.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
cArAnnn OF run nLApDnn.

Singing, smartinR irritation Of tho
urinary passages, diseased discharges,
cured by Buchupaiba. 81, druggists
depot, ID. D. Dare.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Impotence Of mind, limb or vital funs-
tion nervous weakness, sexual debility,
&C.. cured by Wells Health Remover.
81, at druggists depot, D. D. Dare
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
A SANE LUNATIC.
Interest Increasing in the Progress oi
the Trial.
DR.. Bliss Placed Upon the Witness
Stand Yesterday.



far greater than upon any former day.
It was with the greatest difficulty that
those whose presence were needed In
the court room could gain admission.
To avoid the otherwise inevitable
scramble, 1t has been found necessary
to issue tickets Of admission, and only
ticket holders will be permitted to en-
ter.
At $40 the doors were opened, and
In q few minutes every seat was occu-
pied, the larger proportion of the spec
tators being ladies. Guiteau had ar
rived at 9 O'Clock, and without particu-
lar demonstration on the part of the
crowd, was taken az once to the prison.
ers' room, where be ate hearty break
fast and expressed himself well salts
ned with the progress Of his case.
Scoville being Questioned relative to
Guiteau's alleged new counsel, Judge
Msgruder. of Maryland,) stated he was
not aware OF any tender of services
from Judge Magruder. He had received
several offers from lawyers, strangers
to him. and he feared he might make
greater mistake by taking at this late
stage of the trial counsel unknown to
him, than by proceeding alone. He
does not expect other assistance than
Robinson.
Court opened without incident, and
Geo. G. Maynard. electrician, was put
on the stand, and testified to loaning
Guiteau ten dollars at one time and
fifteen at another.
Guiteau protested against this line
Of evidence. and he did not think it any
Of the courts business whether he
owed s25 or some one owed him. May
nard is q good fellow, and owe him
S25. and that is all there is in it.
District Attorney Corkhill desired to
prove by the witness that Guiteau bor-
rowed s15. with which he bought a re-
volver.
On cross-examination, witness
thought that Guiteau looked seedy
and hungry.
The prisoner showed much feeling,
and frequently interrupted the witness,
asserting that he lived. in srst-class
stvle and wore a s7o sn;t of clothe.
He knew plentv public men and had ali
the money he wanted. His mental
condition, not his physical, was at fault.
He had a big load on his mind about
that time
The v,,r... s.;a ha d,a NOT ,o,,..
.nvth;rc ,hort th. nr;.on.r,. u.nnsr
.vc.rt : .ort =, stn,r;nc r.;t
N. NJ Rurart c,srt to m.v,.ra
.,.o t..t,asd - tha ,o.n !, eis .nS
thouobt Gu;teau,s va,r and Tho w.v =.
be,a ~, head ,;,t,s necr,,ar
Johr O,Meara tsstif,ed 70 sa,,;n, n.
r,.to, 81 cr,,s.r ua oo,,,a ~. ;,.n
t,fv q :. thars rere ,housana. I ;,,st III.
e
The charges were then Withdrawn
from the revolver. much to the relief
Of the audience.
Pending the examination of the pis-
tol, Guiteau desired to announce to the
court that he invited John B. Townsend.
Of New York, and Leonard Sweet and
A. s. Trude. Of Chicago. to assist him.
There are plenty Of brains on the other
side. and he desired as much on his. In
the interest Of Justice. Another mat
ter, he continued, desire to call the
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Poughkeepsie. Nov. l9.-John Nc
Grath and James Sheridan were killed
here this morning BY q locomotive.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Ask druggists for "Rough on Rats"
Il clears out rats, mice, bed-bugs
reaches, vermin, flies. ants insects. lie
per box.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

Fmissions- AserElon 70 Sociefy, Dimnoss OF
Vision, Noises In the Head; the vital nuid
passing unobsarved in the urine. and man!
other diseases that lead 10 insanity Ane
death.
The EEeLuu MEDICAL INSTITUTE viii
agree 10 forfeit nve hundred dollars for. . oass
OF this kind the VITAL RESTORATIVk
under their special advice and treatment
will not cure. or for any thing impure or tn
INSTITUTE treats all private diseases sue
cessfully without mercury. ConsultAtion
Free. Thorough examination and advice.
tai RESTORATIVE. sS . bottle. or four
times the quantity. $40. sent 70 any address
upon receipt of price, or O. o. D.. [but NO O. o.
ID, sent without tl.00 with order As . guaran-
teeI secure from Observation, and In private
name II desired. by
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20
The Great English Remedy.

Il . never Milling cure
for Nervous Debility,
Exhausted Vitality.
seminal WEAKNESS.
|Spermatorrhoea LOST
|HAnaooD, ,Impotency
Paralysis and AL the
|lerribls effects Of Self
|Abuse. youthful fol-
lloz. and excuses In
mature yeArs-Such -
|loss of memory, Las
Il I q d o Nocturnal
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-11-20

& historical Dept; Cheyenne, Hyo.
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22

with small party on similar mission to our
own.
On leaving the Poor House we drove rapid
ly to the lake, sharpcned appetiteS admonish-
Ing US that it was dinner time. Approaching
the water through the grounds of Mr.. DAVID
Lemon, who has at no little expense made
ample preparation for the accommodation of
parties, we selected shady place where there
was ''much grass" here the ladies unpacked
their baskets, and when the sayory contents
were displayed tastefully arranged, we had
a menU that would have tempted the most
fastdious epicure. After the several courses
had been fully discussed, without any pcrcep-
tible diminuton of the cdiblcs, several hours
were pleasantly and proftably spent in boat
ing, stroIing through the wood, communng
with nature, and in social chat.
Two other small parties were on the ground
one from Troy, consisting of our Old friend
Dr.. X. G. KENDALL and wife, Mrs. CARPEN-
TER, and Miss WADSWoRTH. of Elmira, and
Messrs. VINE and +. l.. BALDWIN. The
other party were from Liberty Corners and
appeared to be enjoying themselves to the
fullest extent. They had violin with them
and had a good old-faShioned sensible dance
one of the most graceful of the gentlemen
participants in the = giddy mazes," was Mr.,
ADELBERT COOLPAUGH, the enterprising
cattle dealer, wins is proficient in the art Of
music, as well as the " poetry of notion"
Lcngthenng shadows reminded us that the
day was far spent and at six O'Clock, after
a season of unalloyed enjoyment, we reluct-
antiy started for home, which we reached
safely after Il pleasant twilight ride.
The company consisted of Prof. and Mrs.
BYAN, A. w. DRnIoCK and wife, A. j. FISH
ER, wife, and son, Mrs. HEATH and sons of
Philadelphia, NJ. +. ROSENFIELD and wife,
Mrs. d. G.. RosENVIELD and three children
of Houston, Texas, Miss FRANKIE WOOD
RUFF and the writer and wife.
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22

We are constantly receiving orders for "Lum
Smiths Imitation Stained glass;" and are ready to
give patrons the full benefit of an inexpensive
and handsome decoration by placing it on any glass
whether door or window, large size or small glass,
glecn or white, round or square, i'll fact any posi-
ton, shape or kind of frame or glass that needs
shading from the rays of the sun, from the gaze
of nquisitive eyes. Thankful for the very liberal
patronage bestowed since we have received the
ton to business, hoping to merit continuance of
the same. TO those who have heard of the ''Imi-
taton Glass; and have not seen it, we extend
cordial invitation to examine into its real merits,
and ask the prices for which it he obtained we
are prepared to contract with churches, halls, or
other public buildings, and warrant all of our
work to surpass in beauty the genuine stained glass
and our prices less than onefourth the cost of
the same. Those in need of anything of this kind
or who are lovers of art, whether they wish to pu-
chase on not, respectfully invited to examine
the same at CHAs f. CROSS Book Store.
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22
WANTS..

Under this head ,0iU inSerE FREE notices Of
situations or help a0anted.
Wanted a good girl at MIr II. w. Paricks, Main
street.
A good girl to do general house work wanted.
Highest wages paid. Enquire at this office.
WANTED, Three or four good farm hands from
this time until December first. Wages Twenty
Six dollars per month and board Must be able,
competent and willing to earn the money. Inquire
by letter Of f. E. b. this Office.
Wanted work by the day, to support my family.
Mrs Saml. c. Berry, Mechanic street.
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22
OFFICIAL BULLETINS.
AUGUST u, s 80 4 NJ.

Thn President avoke more rreouentlv
+l,,, ,.,ol vat .,o,,+ sre,oio,+1,. d,ri,o.
','''' ,'','''' - '''0p' '''0'."''' ,',7
morninp. The parotid rland swelling is
about tbn somo hut i not noinful He
fool, liouid nonri.hmont NV tho nonth
...., Ill =.
IHI9 "'o' mus "lSc' Ioo' 'Vl'P'i"'"lc'
98.S; respiration, Is.
1920 n
The Presidents cohultloh continues
about rs at the last bulletin. except there
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22

SUsQuEHANNA COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE. - The
twenty eighth year commences Aug. 22d, 1881. \
large and efficient corps of teachers; fun coec-
ton of maps, charts, models and apparatus, and
appliances for teaching. Expenses are reasonable.
For catalogue or particulars call upon, or address
Principal, EDWIN Z. QUINLAN, A. NJ.
Towanda, Pa
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22
The Presidents Condition.

We regret to again be compelled to an
nounce that the President is not SO well,
though the symptoms do not appear to
alarm his physicians.
Towanda daily review. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1879-1921, 1881-08-22

METEoROLOGICAI"-Th thermometer at
Dr.. II. C. PORTER & Sons Drug Store, at the
corner of Main and Pine streets, indicated as
follows:
AUGUST 20.
a. M 63-dcg. above zero. a. MI; Il NJ
50; p. m-S3; p. m.-S0; 0 p. ND.
Average temperature during the day-75.
AUGUST u.
m-64 degs above zero. a NIL; l. m--S0;
m-73; . MI; 9pm Avcrage-72.
AUGUsT22.
al m--5S degs. above zero
WEATHER INDICATIONS FOR To-DAY.-Light To-
cal rains, followed by clearing weather; variable
winds mostly northcrly stationary temperature;
higher barometer
LOST last Thursday, Breast Pin with Onyx
Gem set in Gold, with Pearl in center \
ward of fifty Cents will be paid to the finder ON re
turning it to the REVIEW office.
Wanted place to board where can do chores
nights and mornings to pay. Enquire at REVIEW
office. RODNEY PosT.
Wanted a good secondhand heating stove. En-
quirc at this office. 1w
Miss Il. /. Billiard having Just returned with her
sister, Mrs. G. l.. NanScoten, from visit to their
parents at McshOppcn is NOW fully equipped with
Il new Davis sewing maChinC Magec scale nc. and
is ready give the ladies perfect fits at her resi-
dcncc or at their homes if preferred. South Main
street Towahda, Pa.
Miss CARPETS School for Children, between the
ages of Five and Twelve Rcopens Monday, August
10Th, At 10 m, in the adjoining Mrs Patricks
residence on Main street.
Also pupils in drawing.