The Northern Pacific farmer., 1881-11-17

II the selection Of all animals care should
be taken to secure those whose organiza-
tlon 10 best adapted to growth, health and
thrift. Ihe foundation Of . good herd
must be well-fO1med snd we'll or
ganized animals, whose bony
structure does MT preponderate, and whose
organs OF nutrition are active, strong and
OF moderate proportions. A cheerful
oountenance, fine leg, straight back, q
deep chest, level rump, soft hide, all
belong to good arimal, be 1t q steer for
the stall or q COW for Tho byre. Sour coun-
tenanoes. fiat sides, raw hips. short rumps,
shallow chests. while they may be attended
Win SOme merit, can never lie ct the found.
allVn vi u reuiIH servlcoAble Ureeu vi c..I.le,
no matter how attractive they may be in
color, or picturesque appearance. Select
Wcll.shaped and thrifty animals, whatever
may be the purpose to which they are des-
tined.
II for pure breeding or crossing, tho an
imais should possess those qualities which
have been brought to high degree of per-
lection by the long continued skill Of the
breeder. The accidental foundation aad
development Of local breed, the result of
soil, climate and unbroAen in-breeding, in
which nature and not man has done the
work. has nothing in it attractive to the in
intelligent and judicious husbandman. In
deed. it is seldom that true merit ever at
tends an ill-reguhted business as this.
Select, then, animals of true merit, mold
ed and shaped by the breeder for specific
purpose,--and so we'll bred as to be able to
transmit their physical conformation and
their functions to their descendants. The
value of these rules the breeder on the from
tier recognize when he sends to Kentucky
and Ohio for young shorthorn bulls to i'm
prove his breeds and to bring beef-grow-
ing as near to oertainy as possible. In
this way he gets the form aid quality he
desires, strengthened by generations of care
and attention, and he gets a purity Of blood
which is never found to surrender to the
colder anG less valuable strains with which
1t Is brought in contact. For the produo-
ton of working oxen also this is o good
foundation. aud one on which may proit-
ably be engrafted the Devon and the Her.
ford and other really strong breeds, when
ever cross is desirable. Get size and
thrift for tho foundation, and cross, if you
do itat all, With such other qualities Us you
desire.
In choosing dairy breed the task is
more difficult Indeed, it is hard to say
what dairy breed is. There are good
COWS in almost every breed, even those in
tended mainly fer beef; and knLv of no
better way than tt select good foundation
and engraft upon it such milking qualities
as are most desirable. There is certain
type of dairy COW; but that type is not
easily established with true uniformity of
lacteal organization and continued for gen.
erations unless the blood happens to be
pure from the beginning. The Jersey, for
instance, has strong family characteristics
established by long continued care and
breeding. It cannot be said to have grown
out of mixture Of q variety of breeds; and
although 1t may not be satisfactory in nj:
points nor in every individual it is valuable
in itself, and as an admixture, because.
from its very purity, it is SURE to produce
an effect. 1t is hardly possible to estah.
lish q breed by crossing this animal on
other breeds, but it is possible to get good
COW. and TO keep up this creation indefaite.
ly BY rep, ared crosses. 1t is 4 remarkable
fact that the best, most uniform, most
thrifty COWS. and the deepest m,lkers, have
been produced in this way, and not from
so-called breeds, so created as to be re-.
markable more for variety of shape, color,
size and quality, than for uniformity. A
breed that has so uniformity is not WORTHY
to be called breed.
In selecting animals for the farm, wheth-
er for beef or milk. soil, climate, economy
OF feeding, condition of pasturage, should
be taken into consideration. Small thrifty
animals for the highlands, and thrifty ami
mails for the l0vlands, remembering that q
well-shaped animal is always important.
and that n defe ct in form is ever nect ssary
to adapt an animal to a spec fc purpose. A
well-porportioned. as have said, animals
always the best-best for any purpose to
whi"h man has devoted tho animal
kingdom.