davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26
THERMOMETERS.


"Zer0,n on the common thermome-
I ter, like the fanciful names of the
consultations, is a curious instance
Of the way wise mems errors are
made immortal by becoming popu-
lar. 1t may be worth while to say
that the word itself (zero) comes 20
MS through the Spanish from the
Arabic, and means empty or nothing.
In expressions like $50 degrees
Fahr.,n the abbreyiation, Fair,
stands for Fahrenheit, a Prussian
merchant of Dantzic, on the Baltic
sea. His full name was Gabriel
Daniel Fahrenheit. From a boy he
was a close observer of nature, and
when only nineteen years old, in the
remarkable cold winter of 1909, he
experimental by putting snow and
salt together and noticed that it pro
,luccd "a degree of cold equal to the
coolest day of the year. And that
day was the coolest that the oldest
inhabitant could remember. Gabriel
was much struck with the coinci-
dence, and hastily concluded that he
had found the lowest degree of tenn
perature known to the world, either
natural or artificial. He called the
degree zero, and constructed Their
mometer or rude weather glass, with
u scale graduating up from zero to
boiling point, which he numbered
2l5, and the freezing point 32-be-
cause as he thought, mercury con-
tracted the thirty second of its vol
ume on being cooled down from the
temperature of freezing water to
zero; and expanded one hundred
and eightieth on being heated from
tho freezing to the boiling point.
Time showed that this arrangement,
instead of being scientific, was as az
bitrary as the division of the Bible
into chapters and verses, and that
these two points no more represented
the real extremes of temperature
than "Dan to Beersheban ex-
pressed the exact extreme Of
Palestine. But Fahrenheit's Their
mometer had been widely adopted
with its incOnvenient-scale; and
none thought of any better until his
name had become an authority, for
Fahrenheit finally abandoned trade
and gave himself up to science. The
three countries which use Fahren-
hcit are England, Holland and
America, Russia and Germany use
Runners thermometer, in which
the boiling point is placed at eighty
degrees above the freezing point
France uses the centigrade Their
mometer,. so called because it marks
the boiling point 100 degrees from
freezing. On many accounts the
centigrade system is the best but
the triumph of convenience will be
attained when zero is made the
freezing point, and when the boiling
point is placed 100 or 1000 degrees
from it and all the subdivisions are
fixed decimally. If Fahrenheit had
done this at first, Or even if he had
made it one of his many improve
ments after the public had adopted
his error, the luck of opportunity,
which was really his, would have Sc
cured to his invention the patronage
the world.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

What would yon do if you were
! and were you Z" tenderly in
guired q young swell OF his lady
friend as he escorted her home from
church. Well, said She, if were
sou / would throw away that vile eli
garette, cut up my cane for firewood,
wear my watch chain underneath
my coat and stay at home at nights
and pray for brains"
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

Michigan has a man with three
arms. And the girls say they like to
60 sleigh-riding with him, as they all
ways feel safer when man drives
with two hands.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

Railroads.
WESTERN MARYLAND RAILROAD.

JHEsTERN MARYLAND RAILROAD.
On and after Sunday, Oct I'D, 1881. trains
will run as follows:
EASTWARD.
MARTINsBuRG EXPRESS leaves Williamsport
at 7:45 IN. Martinsburg o. Hagersfown . %,
Waynesboro S1l. Mechanicstown y ID, En-
mittsburg So Frederick Junction 10, West
minister 10 20, Fulton Station II 43, arrive at
Hillen Station, baltimore, II 80.
MAIL leaves Williamsport 10 m, Martins
burg 10 10 M, Hagerstown 2 80 m, Waynes-
borO 80, Mechanicstown SO, Emmittsburg
80, Frederick Junction 10, Westminster 5 o.,
Hanover IS, arrive Fulton Station, Bait. 6 -.
HiIlen Station So.
WESTWARD.
NAH. leaves Hillen Station, Bait, z 10 a m,
Westminster 9gI, Fred. juno. 49, Emmitts-
burg {er) 10 30, Mechanicstown 10 %, Waynes-
boro ii 81, Hagerstown 40, Martinsburg carr
10 m, Willamsport (ar) II 90 noon.
MART NSBURG EXPRESS leaves Hillen Sta
ton, Bait, OF 90 D III, Fred. June 10, Hagers-
town 50, Martinsburg (ar) IS, Williamsport
10.
b. H. GRISWOLD, ]. NJ. HOOD,
General Ticket Agent. Gen1 Manager.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

Young cows do not give as rich
milk as those of mature age do. A
lean COW gives poor milk and the fat
cow gives rich milk.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

"WhO did the churning last
week !" asked Farmer FouIoclock.
IL did," said Bill. "Then you can
do it again this week." said the old
man." zone good churn deserves
another" Covert expressions Ofjoy
by all Bill's brothers and sisters.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26
Educational.

.4s fAlE matter intended for this Department,
should be sent to J. II. Stump, Gelaidstown,
whO - In charge Of this cOlulnli1
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

There are 5000 known species of
Ash.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

Never judge man by the clothes
he wears.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26
BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD.

BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD.
On and aftersunday, May 22d, 1881, trains run
as follows:
TRAINS GOING EAST.
No. Daily, leaves Wheeling at 9 10 a m, ar
rives at Martinsburg at Is p m, leaves y, ar
rives at Washington Q IS, Baltimore 7 40 p M.
No. Daily, leaves Wheeling 35 p m, arrives
at Martinsburg at 04 a m, leaves at 0S, ar
rives at Washington 8 35, Baltimore 40 m.
No. % Daily, except Sunday, leaves Martins
burg 25 a m, arrives at Washington IS. Bal
timore ii 10 M
No. 10 Main Stem, Except Sunday,) leaves
Piedmont SO m, arrives at Martinsburg at
II 33 m, leaves IL Al, arrives at Baltimore %
No Daily, leaves Parkersburg 30 a m, ar
rives at Martinsburg at II So, leaves II 80 ar
rives at Washington 05 p m, Baltimore 10.
TRAINS GOING WEST.
No. 10 Daily, leaves Baltimore at 8 so a m, ar
rives at Martinsburg at l 06 p m, leaves at TO-
arrives at at Parkersburg at ii 40 a m, Wheel
ing IL IS pm.
No. IA Main Stem, Except Sunday,) leaves
Baltimore Z 50 m, arrives at Martinsburg at
IL Il IN, leaves IL q, arrives at Piedmont TO-
No. Daily, leaves Baltimore ID a m, arrives
at Martinsburg %, leaves 81 p m, arrives in
Wheeling at 80 p N.
No. 2 Daily, leaves Baltimore 8 90 p m, arrives
at Martinsburg II IS leaves II 40 p m, arrives at
Parkersburg lois a m, Wheeling 10 30.
No. % Main Stem, Daily except sunday,
leaves Baltimore at 20 p m, arrives at Mar
tinsburg at 10 30.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

Tea was first introduced in 1860.
and sold at 60 cents a pound.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26
FOR SALE OR RENT!

A VERY DESIRABLE FARM, near Mar
tinsburg, in good state Of cultivation, an ex-
cellent house and necessary outbuldings, Fine
Peach and Apple Orchard; good neighbor-
hood also near church and school, For fur
Their particulars inquire al this office.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26
CUMBERLAND VALLEY RAILROAD,

CUMBERLAND VALLEY RAILROAD,
On and after Monday, Oct. 3lst, 1881, trains
viii run as follows:
EASTWARD.
Mail Train leaves Martinsburg at % m,
Bedington 81, Falling Waters 49, Williams
port Station 80, Hagerstown ID, Chambers
burg ID, Carlisle 10 80 arrive at Harris'g II 80.
Philadelphia Express leaves Martinsburg at
10 Is a m Bedington 10 40, Falling Waters 10 SO,
Williamsport Station IL H. Hagerstown IL TO-,
Chambersburg % P m, Carlisle 80, arrive at
Harrisburg 20 m.
New York Express leaves Martinsburg at g.
80 p m, Bedington3 II, Falling Waters so, Will
Transport Station 90, Hagerstown %, Cham
bersburg -, Carlisle So, arriye at Harrisburg
at Z 80.
WESTWARD.
Accommodation leaves Harrisburg at s 90 a
IN, Carlisle So, Chambersburg 10 10, arrives at
Hagerstown at ii 03 Williamsport Station IL
20, Falling Waters Ii 80, Bedington II 80, Mar
tinsburg ii So
Mail leaves Harrisburg at - 80 m, Carlisle
%, ChamDersburg 2 IS, arrive at Hagerstown
at 3 SO, Williamsport Station 90, Falling Wa
tiers 10, Bedington Is, Martinsburg 80.
Philadelphia Express leaves Harrisburg at
10 m, Carlisle5 05, Chambersburg d %, arrive
at Hagerstown at 20.
j. F. BOYD, Supt.
CHAS. FELDMAN, Agt.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26
SUBSCRIBE FOR THE
Martinsbur9 Ycrald,

A Weekly Family Journal, devoted
to Politics, News, Literature, Adver-
Using, &c.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1881-11-26

Some black Ostriches are seven feet
high. Their speed is that of horse.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
THE FLOOD.
Over Two Millions of Dollars Damage
Along the Missouri.

ST. Louis, Mo-, April 20. The loss by
floods along the Missouri, between Pierce
and Sioux City, exclusive to damages to the
railroad and telegraph lines and steamboats,,
is 81 100000. YanktOn is comparatively an
isolated city.
Reports from James Valley are meagre.
but there are losses of thousand cattle and
horses, and the destruction of many houses,
with all they contained. Stories of great
suffering are also rife, bu: nothing definite
can be ascertained.
Midtown is completely washed away.
GAINESVILLE is in little better condition. Loss
es of stock are enOrmous-one farmer ex-
pressed it by saying, when the waters sub
side the stencil of the carcasses will drive US
from the country" The United States
Quartermaster has great difficulty in getting
food to the sufferers. 100 persons were
registered for food Tuesday, with $4,000 ra-
tons issued prior to that time. Each adult
received full soldiers rations daily, and
every three infant children, two full rations.
The number to be fed will be augmented, as
the means of reaching the flooded districts is
obtained. and may reach $500. 1t is esti-
mated that the government will have to SUBJ
sist 1000 people for 60 days. and 1000 of that
number 80 days.
CHICAGO. April 20. The total loss of
property by the flood on the Missouri river
and tributaries between Souix City and Bis
marck is estimated at 81 100000. Below
Souix City the loss is computed at 81 800, 200.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
Especial to Boston Adveriiser-l
The Star Route Business.

The louj cries of General Brady and his
friends and the star-route ring IN general.
that the present charges against them have
originated with blackmailers. correspondents
whom they have refused to pay, and disap-
pointed contractors. is a style OF defence as
old as the discovery of rascality in eonnec-
ton with the public service. According TO
al, indications, il is method of defence
which is to be called into more vigorous ac-
ton ia the star-ruute fraud than in any which
have proceeded it. The real difficulty which
General Brady and his whole ring have had
with the correspondents of the press IN
Washington since the exposure OF star-rOute
matters as put before the public duriug the
second session of the last Congress, has been
that their silence could not be purchased with
star-route money. The fact is that the gen
tlemen who are row assaulted in this new
method OF defence rs press brigands,
s'pole-cats of the press" ''libellers" and
..malicious correspondents, were APP
nroached last year through friends and
through acquaintance and offered money to
keep silent in regard to the star-route frauds.
and this is the only relation that has ever
subsisted between the gentlemen now de-
nounced for placing scandalous facts, which
have been developed, before the public, and
the rasIals who nave perpetrated the frauds.
There are indications that this disgraced ring
is now engaged is preparing series of scan
dalous articles attacking the personal integ-
rity and the character of the President him.
self in revenge for his summary dismissal OF
Brady Several disreputable characters
have been engaged to do this work, and sew
eral chapters which would do honor to Po-
lice Gazette are reported as already prepared
and ready TO be made public.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
Objections to the Land Bill.
Reported Decease Among Cattle
COntradicted.
WEATHER REPORT.
Indications for the Next "a Hour.

Indications for the Next "a HouI..
War Dept, Office Chief Signal Officer
Washington ID. c., April 3d. a. IN.
For the New England and Middle States,
fair weather; slightly cooler, north to west
winds: higher barometer. Cautionarv sig
nails from Kitty Hawk to PASSPORT.
Special Weather Bulletin.
The area of low barometer which at yes
terday mornings report. was north OF Mon
treal, has moved eastward and is now central
in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. 1t has been
accompanied by light rain in New Eng
land and the northern portion of the Middle
Atlantic States. The barometer is the high
est in the upper Lake region. The tempera-
ture has risen slightly in the South Atlantic
and East Gulf States, and from to 10 de-
grees in the extreme northwest. 1t has fallen
from ) to - degrees in the New England
and Middle Atlantic States and the Lake
region. Light rain is reported from
the northern portion of the South Atlantic
States; elsewhere. east of the Mississippi
and in the West Gulf States fair weather pre-
walls. The Missouri is two feet and two
inches above the danger line at Omaha,
while the water is rapidly subsiding. 1t is
three feet ten inches above at Leavenworth,
five feet one inch at Kansas City, one foot
two inches at Lexington, three feet at Bruins
wick, and within one inch of the danger line
at Herman. The Mississippi is five feet two
inches above the danger line at St. Paul, one
foot two inches at Kerhuk, two inches at St.
Louis, one foot seven inches at Cairo, two
inches at Memphis and Vicksburg, three feet
one inch at Helena, and at the danger line at
New Orleans.
Indications are that fair weather will pre-
vail in New England and the Middle Allan
tic States to-day and probably tomorrow
with stationary or lower temperature. The
Missouri will probably continue to rise below
Omaha and the Mississippi above lie Claire
and st. Louis.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30

NEW YORK, April 20.
1890 bbls 10. =, at E a g. saperine
Western and State at co a 80 commOn
M IS s 400 bts Mnneso,s wheat extra extra
55as; Southern -four dull; Rye flour declining
winter wheat at 559s q.
CORN-MEAL-unchanged
WHEAT-receipts 49, 100 bush: exports l46.O1s:
1,3t6.o1o bush including 21s, 900 bush on the spot
No3 spring at IS: al %: ,ngraded red at l0ai 2e,
steamer do at ! L. No / red at 3ol; mixed winter
at ~; ungraded white at coal ~; No do at
2lial 2la; No do, $4,000 bush at / 81 al 2?A
bush at 25Idi q for May; $4,000 bush at iii a
23l for June; 3,s0 900 bush at Iel PSI for july
iea 600 bush at issi lsi No redfor April, 4oooo
June, $4,000 bush at isial ISL
RYE-dull; lel.
changed.
CogN- receipts $3.50: exports 57,523: sales
ise COO including goo bush on the spo, !:
nngrsaed at sslg64; No at 5sias7l; steamer
9t a55; No at 6ola6!; steamer yellow 81; No2
white at d5l No for April at 6sdt5: NAV at Sc, a
So June at 54i S55.
OAIs-scarcely firm; receipts 1880; sales
No at 4siaf6; do white at 81; No at 81: do
do white at slI mixed western at 44a46: white do
NJ s s white 1;, 90 at ieg9i INCLUDING 5000 bush
Al sI5, 1890 bush for June at 4lja4lI: 1000
bush for July at 45ai5.
SrcAR-dull; sales go hhds French Island n :
unchanged
MOI.ASsES-firm.
Observation-Disclosures, quiet.
TALLow-steady; sales ~, 600 Ibs
foRk-saes 100 old mess on the spot at IL 0De
Is III; May.af II 2aaE IS; June, at j. 4oaeo.
A., bkEf-firm; Beef hams steady fierce
40 Cut meats firm: sales 900; picked hams
10: shoulders y. MiddIes quiet.
LARD-opened Is per 100 lower; sales go:
steam on the spot at II 1928 later choice a. 10
for May II ga "a 6ooibs for June s2 IN; goo lbs
for July at S. ioscf. '
BUTrEa-luli.
CHEEsE-Quiet.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
4 Michigan Town Nearly Destro,
Crop Prospects.

CINcISNArI. Ohio. April 30. The Star
publishes report of the crop prospects from
all parts of the country. the result of which
is about rs follows: Ohio. wheat, large
acreage. encouraging prospects for tobacco.
plants advancing finely: fruit variously re-
ported; peach buds in some places partially,
others totally killed. Kentucky. poor prom
Use for wheat; good prospect for fruit.
Indiana, encouraging wheat prospect, ex-
cept in Southern Indiana. it will be a total
failure; corn planting has commenced in the
southern counties.
In Arkansas and Texas the season is cold
aud late: peaches are failure; early corn
injured by rains: reduced acreage of
cotton.
In West Virginia. peaches are killed. The
late wet weather was unfavorabie for crops
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
BY TELEGRAPH.
fAssocisted Press kilograms to the Daily
Kennebec oarnL.l
MAINE MErHODIsrs.
The Finy.8eventh Annsal Session Of
the Conference.
The Next Session to be Held In Augusta.

PoKrLAxD, April 90. The Maine Metho-
dist Conference met at $50. Devotional
exercises were conducted by Rev W II.
Foster.
paper referring to preachers Of foreign
birth. was referred to the committee Of con-
ference relations.
A resolution with reference To Sunday
School teaching, suggested By the Woman's
National c. T. Union, was referred TO the
committee on temperance.
The following were advanced to the grade
of travelling Ieacons of the second class !:
Gardner ID. Holmes, Geo. l.. Burbank, Ever
EFT Stackpole, VIM. +. Marshall. Melvin L.
King. The following travelling deacons were
elected Merritt Pendexter, Fred c. Rogers.
An invitation to hold the next annual con-
ference at Augusta, was unanimously accept
ed.
The following are candidates for a'lms-
sion on trial Daniel II. Ford, WILDER +.
Holmes, Lee W. Squire and Thomas +.
Jones.
The following local deacons were elected
Elders A. II. Witham, Samuel \. Record
Rev q. Whitaker of the New England
conference made an address in behalf of the
New England Educational Society, and of the
New England Methodist Historical Society.
j. Albert Corey and Edwin w. Simons
were admitted into full connection, and Mil
tor S. Vail was elected to Elders orders.
The Bishop announced the transfer of A.
McKeon from the New England conference.
| The afternoon was devoted TO the preach
ers aid domestic missionary societies. In
teresting addresses we're made by Revs.
Munger, Perry. Chandler and Whittier.
| Chaplin McCabe was not present as ex-
pected and DR.. Lowry preached on the his
tory of the doctrine Of holiness.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
WARRINGTON.
Tie Lo.isi.na J os,ery Company.

wAsn1xerox, d. c., April g. Attor-
ney General Macveagh has prepared
his opinion upon the question Of the right
Of the Postmaster General to prohibit the de-
livery Of registered letters and the payment
of money orders. addressed and payable to
n. 4. Dauphin, secretary Of the Louisiana
Lottery Company. The Attorney General re-
fers 70 the Louisiana Lottery Company as an
institution which the Legislature Of Louis
lana has, for very large moneyed considers
ton, granted the exclusive privilege Of car
rying on the lottery business in that State,
which, he SAYS, is the only lottery conducted
under the sanction of Law in the United
States. After quoting from the revised stat
utes. which authorizes the exclusion of lot
terry matter from the mails, the Attorney
General says: Those who deny the power Of
the Postmaster General to forbid the de-
livery Of money orders and registered letters
to Mr.. Dauphin, rest their denial upon the
qualifying adjective fraudulent, in the stat
utes, which permit the Postmaster General
TO instruct the postDIasters to withdraw such
letters and orders. He holds that in the
present case, the Government, under statu-
tory provisions bearing upon the subject. de-
MES certain postal facilities to those lotteries,
etc., found by the Postmaster General to be
fraudulenf--not to those which are illegal !;
what is, or what is not legal, is purely a
question of law; what is fraudulent. is either
one of pure fact. or of mixed law and fact.
Referring to the argument advanced by the
friends of the lottery company. that lottery
authorized 10y the law of the State in which
it has its chief Office cannot be fraudulent, the
Attorney General says: Ii we concede that
the word fraudulent qualities those words
succeeding lottery. in the statutes, it by no
means follows that a legalized lottery or
scheme, for the distribution of money BY lot,
chance. or drawing of any kind, may not BE-
fraudulent. at least, as to every body outside
of the jurisdiction of the State which
charters it. But whatever its ma
ture the question is one solely for the deter
minatiOn Of the Postmaster General. 1t is
not, in terms. all fraudulent lotteries, etc,
that are excluded from the use of the registry
and money order aystems; ii is those found
to be fraudulent by the Pos: master General
that are denied these privileges. He is sole
arbiter of the Law and fact upon this subject
The Attorney General therefore concludes
that if the Postmaster General finds satisfat
tory evidence that Dauphin is engaged in
conducting a fraudulent lottery. he should
forbid the delivery of money orders to him
The Austrian Envoy to go Abroad.
Baron Mayer. the Austrian Envoy has re-
ceived leave of absence for six months ant
will shortly go abroad. This morning he
called upon the Secretary of State ard pre-
scented Count Lippe, Secretary ofthe Legation
who will act as charge d'afiairs during tho
absence of Mayer.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30
The lil.fated Chesapeake a Total Loss.

NEW LONDON, Conn. April %. Captain
Scott thinks the Chesapeake will be total
loss, although the agent of the line has some
hopes she will be got of. She lies about 30
feet from the shore. right in the breakers.
and is held off shore so that every sea goes
straight into her.
The weather since she grounded has been
unfavorsble, the wind making long heavy
SWELL Had the wind changed to the west
ward twenty-four hours since, there might
hare been some chance Of saving her, with
favorable weather. Ii will probably take
two or three days longer to complete the re-
moval Of the cargo.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1881-04-30

WINDSOR, VT. April %. Royal S. Carr.
who murdered VIM. Wallace Murcommock
of Indian descent. at Worcester, VI. Dec
IL, ls1s.who was convicted in Sept, 1879, was
hung to-day at 2. p. NJ. He had previously
served ten years in the State prison here,
having been found guilty of manslaugter in
the murder of Mary f. Loomis, at Worces-
ter, VT, in 1868. 4 few persons attended
the execution. Interest in it has been ve-y
limited. Carr assembled the scafold with
a firm step. and calmly listened to the read
ing Of the death warrant. He remarked what
brought him here was the two women. :"
The drop fell at two o'clock,