Saturday press. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1880-1885, 1881-07-09

the latitude of Disco These two stations,
the Lady Franklin Bay one under Lieuten-
ant Greedy, and the Point Barrow one
under Lieutenant p. II. Ray, now pre-
pairing to sail on schooner of 1875 tons or
thereabouts, chartered by the Government,
will both be full
SIGNAL SERVICE OBSERVING STATIONS
And observatories, where full series of
complete and general physical observations
of the earth and the heavens will be taken,
and they are also permanently established
Mt fixed locations as relief and life saving
stations, for whalers or Arctic voyagers.
Astronomical magnetic, meteorological,
tidal and general physical observations of
all kinds will be constantly observed and
daily recorded. In addition to these two
observatories, which are provided with
equatorial telescopes, there have been
established this year by the War Depart
ment, eighteen simply meteorological
stations OIL the Northern Islands MS well as
along the northern limits of the continent,
conveniently situated at proper distances
apart to obtain complete reports of the cir
cum.polar weather throughout the year.
These, when finally worked up with the
reports of the Jednpette, CoT3cj1,, Rodgeys,
! alliance and PrOtcnS, will afford very full
and reliable data, not only of great value.
but almost indispensable to the Weather
Bureau in forecastiug the weather many
days in advance, for the benefit of agricnl-
turists and of commerce. These observa-
tons seek needed information to aid the
correct demonstration of
,,..
Necessary to advance almost every depart
ment of science, astronomy, navigation.
photography, meteorology, including mag-
netism and electricity. They will observ
the variations in the swinging of the pen
dulum within tho Arctic Circle, thus
gaugng the extent that the earth is hattened
at the poles. Great laws are world wide
and knowledge of the whole earth is
essential to their perfect understanding
Such observations increase the effective
power of man by augmenting his know-
edge aud thus acceerates scientific dis
coveries, useful in arts, agriculture COM
merce and manufactures. In the climate
and winds Of Polar regions, the world has
obtained partial clue to Fundamental
laws regulating the motor agencies of at
mospheric currents, and the equalizing in
tiuence OF warm, gulf and icy streams that
traverse oceans AS arterial rivers. How
general will be the benefits bestowed
when our National Weather Bureau, as
sisted by such knowledge, is able to apply
wider rules OF Judgment, and predict the
probabilities of approaching storms and
seasons, one week in advance, more GER
tainly than 1T now ventures to forecast
single day In Bootha, the two ROSES
found the magnetic pole, whose mysterious
| Influence the mariners compass obeys.
The mass of observations collected on all
sides of this magnetic pole have assisted
science to
PERFECT OUR KNOWLEDGE
OF the laws Of magnetic declination and
dip. Those scientists who thoroughly
understand the great uses of these Arctic
| observations, feel that their prosperity e
value to humanity can scarcely he over
estimated. The us. Signal Service al
ready has Sergeant stationed to observe
at st. Michaels, Attou, Unaaska and
Copper Island, on and off the coast of
Alaska, beside the observations of the o..
S. ship .jomesto,cn, Commander Glass, at
Sitka. Sweden sends ont the schooner
Barentz to Nova Zemba, under the
patronage of the Upsala Uuivo sity, and
b. Leigh Smith goes from England to
Franz Josef Land in the steam yacht Ezra.
$50 tons, fifty horse power, manned by
twenty five persons, all told; and the
krause Brothers left California few DAYS
since, in the schooner Legi 2ender, for
the country of the Tchuktchis, in North
ern Siberia, being sent from Germany by
the Bremen Geographical Society.
LIEUT.. RAYS EXPEDITION.
Lieut.. p. H. Ray states to a representa-
tive of the -Ako that his party will consist
of ten persons, Of whom five will belong to
the Signal Service, and five be sent by the
us. Coast and Geodetic Survey, and will
be selected by Prof Geo. Davidson. Lieut.
Ray, U,S.A., will be in charge Captain
Herendeen, formerly whale shipmaster,
and sailing master of the us. Surveying
schooner Yukon, when in charge of DR..
w. ii. Dali on the northern survey of
Alaska, will act as Quartermaster and
Commissary. There will be four observers,
two Of whom will be Signal Service Ser
geants and two astronomical observers
from the Coast Survey. There will also
be one doctor, cook, ship carpenter, and
laborer, to be sent from the East by Gen.
Hazeu, u, S.A., head Of the Bureau. The
expedition hopes to get away as soon after
July LIST as possible. They will take suit
able lumber To build an observatory, signal
stations and permanent houses. They will
also erect magnetic observatory in COLI
nection with their meteorological observa-
tons of weather In Winter, parties will
explore the coast to Point Beechy, and
possibly push north to Keenau's Land.
Next year a vessel will take them provi-
sions aud material to establish substan-
| tia