davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13
Winter Pruning.

Josiah Irrapes. IN Amr1aan GsrIsu
There are times when practice and
theory do not apparently agree. and
winter pruning is case in point.
The older gardeners have been taught
that fresh wounds. during cold frccz-
ing weather, would not heal that
disease would certainly set in. causing
death or permanent injury 10 n por-
tion OF the tree at least. Theory
certainly teaches that when the inner
organism of the wood is exposed, the
air at low temperature will freeze
the delicate parts, and death must
result; vet we find our nurserymen
Of latter years pruning their trees
during very cold weather, on account
ofthe personal comfort to themselves,
arising from the dry, firm ground TO
walk on; and no i'll effects arise
therefrom. The old adage of "prun-
ing whenever your knife is sharp" is
not so far from the truth after all.
although prejudice, at least, will in
cline us to defer the operation until
the mild days of early spring.
How to prune is question OF din.
cult solution, owing TO the individual
experience and preference of our
teachers in the matter.
A system that has proved entirely
satisfactory 10 more than one, is
performed somehow in this wise. In
the earlier stages of the trees life,
after IL has become established in
the orchard or garden, select three
branches, as nearly as possible TO.
gether, and at height from the
ground depending upon the desired
length of body. These three branches
should diverge at equal angles, and
resemble what botanists often term n
",chorL" Eighteen inches above this
whorl, another set OF three branches
should be encouraged TO start out, and
all others between the two sets must
be rubbed or cut off. This arrange.
ment of branches must be continued
as the leading shoot increases In
height. As TO the side branchlets,
growing out of the selected branches,
these must be thinned out with iudr-
ment, allowing only sufficient 10
remain to form an open healthy top.
If headed In too much, crowded
head will result, which Is a waste
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

Of vitality. Pruning causes strong
growth, but at the same time it will
be at the expense Of the trees con-
stitution.
The main points In pruning trees
may be summed up in a very few
words. Commence when the plant is
very young, and no harm will result
from removing the slender young
twigs, for If allowed TO remain until
they assume the size of thick branches,
more or less injury will result.
BE sure To give the cut portion or
large wounds n coating Of shellac
dissolved in alcohol, or when very
large, wrap up in'moist clay and COW
manure. Dull tools invariably leave
rough jagged surface which is more
difficult TO heal than a perfectly
smooth cut.
In The ornamental department. no
set rules can be laid down 70 guide
the inexperienced ar0oriculturist, but
any one with an eye for symmetrical
proportions can induce the head of
iaYorite specimen To assume proper
proportions and outline. If the tree
inclines TO become struggling, with
long shoots, bare Of branchlets, they
must be well headed back and if the
limbs spread too much, cut TO an
inside bud, but if on the contrary,
they grow too closely together. then
select an outside bud 70 cut back
70. 1t is preferable TO encourage
straight leading shoot 10 all trees,
and never allow it To fork under any
circumstances. More trees are in
iurcd by high winds when in the
latter condition, than from any other
source
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13
Setting Milk for Cream.

Henry stewart, in Rural New Yorker.
The greatest mistakes in the dairy
are made in setting the milk for cream.
In the family dairy, where one COW
supplies milk and butter, the arrange
ments are usually better than in some
farm dairies. Here the arrangements
are often surprisingly bad. | have
seen the milk of four cows set in a
sleeping-room, under the bed. The
young woman who managed that dai.
~ prided herself on her good butter.
What she knew of bad butter must
have been fearful to contemplate. In
some farm-houses the milk Is set in
the living room where the cooking
and eating are done, and where, In
the evening, the farmer and the hired
man smoke 'ssleir pipes and dry their
wet boots and socks under the stove.
No wonder some persons prefer oleo.
margarine TO butter made in that
fashion. II these lines come under
the notice of any one, man or woman. /.
who keeps milk under such circum.
stances as these, or In any way ap-
preaching TO them, | would say 10
him or her, that good butter cannot
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

a FAT wcther at 20 months and n
pig that is slaughtered before it has
been fed over one winter, are more
profitable at these ages than if longer
kept. This being plainly the fact,
now important il is that those inter
estcd in feeding stock Of any kind
should keep only those that mature
early and are rapid feeders, and
should "push things" with them
"from their youth up"
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

AGRLCvLTyRAL.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13
Among our Exchanges.

We have failed, up to this date, TO
say a good word for the new volume Of
our esteemed contemporary, the C9unty
Gentleman, simply because in the press Of
dutics which consume the time Of the
agricultural editor who gains his expe.
riencc by actual rorl. in the field and
at the barn, its handsome prospectus
has, with large number OF other
papers and package. lain upon our
table FOR = number of days unopened.
THIS fate never await. the paper itsclf
when 1t arrives. We recognize it 10y it,
label, and always find time 10 open it AT
once, because Hc are sure to find IN its
neatly printed pages something Of i'm.
mediate interest and value to every man
who farms. 4 long and intimate &C.
gualniance with the C,ua,rv Gla'smau
has taught Us TO look TO il for careful
counsel and good advice. and We are
never disappointed. Send your name
and address TO LrTHER TucKTg a SoN,
Albany, y. Y, for a sample copy, which
will Lc m1.'si 10 gos, frlr.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

The calves will soon begin to
come, and we ought TO raise all. or at
least the most Of them, certainly all
the hciiers, and the more promising
bulls. How to do this successfully.
and yet have the use Of the cows
milk, so much needed at this time
for either family use or for market, is
the vcxing problem. BY the aid Of
the experience of others, added TO n
little hard thinking of our own, We
are just now doing this very thing,
and TO our entire satisfaction. Think.
ing it may help others out Of a tight
place, We will tell how We manage.
or course, we let the calf suck three
or four days-until the milk becomes
fit for use. This for the benefit Of
both COW and calf When all danger
of cake in the cows bag has ceas-
ed, and the calf is well on its legs, We
remove il as far from the COW as
possible, tie it up in = comfortable
place with strap and rope, end let
II remain twcnty-four hours without
Offering it anything to eat. At this
time We take a little ncw fresh milk
ia bucket, fastcn it securely within
reach of the calf, put It's nose in the
milk once or twice. and then leave it.
In the course Of half an hour or SO.
the milk has disappeared, and the
calf Is "wcancd.' Continue the new
milk for week or ten days, and
then begin adding skinned milk in
small quantities. Day by day in
crease the skinned milk, and dimin-
ish the new, until by the time the calf
is three weeks old, you have it on
skinned milk entirely. or course,
skinned milk is too thin" to grow
calf upon 10 the best advantage.
and when we have got to the point at
which one-half Of its daily feed con.
sjsts Of this, We enrich it by adding
small quantities OF thin Cruel made
by boiling equal parts OF fine corn
meal, oil meal and middlings in water.
We have n halfAlderncy calf, six
weeks old on the day OF this writing,
which has been so far raised on pre-
cisely this plan, and we could not
wish il to be in finer condition. By
the time II was three weeks old We
were feeding it principally on skim
med milk, with the Cruel added, and
since it was four weeks old it has had
no new milk Mt all. Without having
kept any record, we are convinced
that the butter already sold from its
dam will more than pay for all the
calf will have cost when il arrives at
four months of age. The one thing
to be remembered is that the changes
in feed must be made by easy stages
little at time, day by day-rather
than in larger quantities and at
longer periods.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

We find on our table the January
number Of Bli.s' An,u1-4a Garfcr. This
very handsome little quarterly is con.
Quoted by DR.. +. NJ. IIIH,prR, and is
devoted, A. il, title indicates. to tie
gardening interest, Of America. Send
to r. X. Brss a Sos. % Barclay street,
New York, for a copy.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

NEWS, FACTS AND SUGGESTIONS.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13
CEHT-R al
STATE NORMAL SCHOOL
(Eighh Normal School Dstrict,)
LOCK HAVEN, CLINTON Co, PA.
A. n. RAUB, A. NJ, Principal.
THIs SCHOOL. as at present con

THIS SCHOOL, as at present con.
Il sututsd. offers the very best Facilities for Pro
fss.ional and Classical learning.
Buildings spacious, inviting and commodous; o0rn.
pleiely heated by steam. veil ventilated and furnish.
81 With bountifal supply q pure ~aer, sof spring
water.
Location healtbfui and easy of sccess.
Surrounding scenery unsurpassed.
Teachers experienced, Efficient and alive 70 their
work.
discipline, FIRM and kipd, uniform and thorough.
Expenses moderate
T'fiy cent? week deduction to those preparing to
teach
STUDENT. admitted At any time
Courses of study prescribed BY the State l. Model
school II. Preparatory III. Elementary. ". SCI
eniiae.
ApguScr couAsrs
l. Academic II Commercial III Music " Art
The Elementary and Scientific eaufsrs are Pro-
iessionsl, aud students graduating therein receive
biplomas comforting the following corresponding de-.
grees Mater of the Elements, and Master 4 the
Sciences. Graduates w the olher courses rrcAve
Normal Certificates Of their sttsinmsnis signed by
tho Faculty.
The Professional oourscs are literal. and are in
thoFpunbuess not Inferior % those ~ oHr ast colleges
The State requires higher order of citizenship.
The time demand IL II is one of the prime Objects
Of this school 70 help 70 u hy furnishing intr
ltEant and Efficient teachers for her schools TO this
end u snliciis yeung persons u good abilities and
good purT-,@es-thasa Who desire 10 Improve their
time and their talents, siHieBis. L all such II
promises aid In developing their powers aud abundant
opI1ftnnttiet iur WepAId fAfaf afnF leaving school
For catalogue and terms address the Principal
BOARD fHruEKss
stockholders' Trustecs--I. A. Barton. ND. An
Best, Jacob Bfovn s. VI. Hlrkford, Samuel Christ A.
HaHb. X g. Geek r. e Hippic. Esq. q Knitting
3 ,. Mccormick. r.q, ". v. Rankin, VIM. u. Bfosn.
state Trustees-Ii1 A. q Curtin Hon. H. T. def
fenhaeh. Gen Jesse Merrill. Hon William Bleies j. Q
G. Whaley, 4. Miller Mccormick. Esq.
oFFfcEHe
Hon. WILLIAM H1gLER. President. Cirarfield Pa.
Gen. JESSE MERRILL, v President. Isock Haven pa
= MfLLAR MCCORMICK, Secretary,
THOMAS YARDLEY, Treasurer :"
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

ErerV farmcr n rs annual eIDerlene,
tmcorcrs s0methiHg of raiue. Write II ana
seHd II 10 tie "dgricuiturat Editor NJ IN,
DEMOCRAT, HeitefoHte, Penn'a, " that other
farmers may hare Tie beneft Of H. he,
Communications be timely, and be sure that
HcV 0re brief did ,cei pointcd.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

Erie Mall West. Nlagara Express West, Lock Haven
Accommodation wsst and Day Express Fast. make
close connections at Northumberland uith L. A n. X
r. trains for Wilkesbarrs and Scranton.
Erie Mail West. Niagara Express West, and Erie
Express West and Lock Haven Accommodation west
make close connection at WlliAmsport vith y. c. Il
W. trains nnrth
Erie Msii West, Niagara Express West, and Day
Express East make close connection At Lock Haven
With u. " V. n. n. trains.
Ere Mail East and West connect At Erie with trains
on L. s. 4 VI. 3. 4 r.. ai CORY with o. C. a A. V. X
r. At Emporium with b. n. Y. A p. r. r. anI Al
Drnweod with A. v. R.R.
ParIor car. will run betweea Philadelphia and
williAmsport on Niagara Express West Erie Express
West, Philadelphia Express East and Day Express
East, and sunday Express Esst. Sleeping all
night trains. WN. A. BALDWIN.
guuerfntendent
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13

thE TEAf oT TnE NArIoNAL wELfAHE T. TuE INTEL
1ENcE AND PROSPERITY OF rHI rAHnEE
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13
lNIRARD HOUSE,
" CORNER CHESTNUT AND NINTH STREETS.

FHrLspgIpHiG
This hsuss. prominent in city famed for fts com
Portable hotels IL kept In every respect equal o. any
hrstclasa hotels In the country. Owing 10 the strn
gency Of the times ths pee o board hs. been reduced
10 fHHEE DOLLARS per lay. ]. MKIBBtS,
t-a-tf Manager
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1881-01-13
DENNSYLvANIA RAILROAD,

i -tPhiladslphia and Erie piyision.l- and
after December u, Isl
WESTWARD.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
TAOPT.

Too much rain to suit the Taopi Farm
Company.
Flint is buying wheat for the Farm
Company for the good Of his country
paying within three cents Of milwaukee,
price.
-Chas. johnson has gone to Cresco
Iowa. Sorry to loose Charlie.
20. N. Olberg has returned to Taopi
to stay. He goes TO Chicago today fol-
the purpose Of buying the largest stock
of goods ever b!oaght to Taopi. Peter
Strom will clerk for him, which means
that Olbcrg will sell lots of goods.
Eugene Billings has taken Chas. John.
sons place in Corbitt's store.
School meeting in district No. 80 was
held at the school house on the Sd inst.
Geo. w. Corbi,t was elected treasurer,
W. 3. Nilsson clerk to fill vacancy.
Peter O'NIaley has gone to DEBORAH
to take charge of Bassett s. Hunting's
elevator. Will move his family IN few
days.
E. T. Beckedahl has rented the hotel
lately occupied by G. Alleman.
Il. NJ. Tubbs, Chas. H. Weber and
Geo. Griffin go to the fair to day.
-"Honest John" runs the F. M. Co.'S.
elevator engine. He stole the melon
Flint hid in the wheat.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
A Rich Treat in Store for Our

a Rich Treat in Store tor Our
People.
Burnham's Great Electric Light ORA
matte Company, consisting of 20 first
class young and talented artists, will
appear at Jones' Hall, on Saturday even
Ing, Sept. 10th, in one of Shakespeare's
choicest comedies, entitled "Merry Wives
Of Windsor" with fine music and singing,
new and elegant costumes and the most
beautiful scenery ever witnessed in our
city, everything having been gotten up
entirely new, by the very best experts, at
enormous expense and expressly for this
company. Another great feature of this
entertainment will be the lighting up of
the interior of Jones' hall during the en-
tire performance with electric lights, of
1000 candle power, driven by powerful
steam engine, manufactured expressly for
this company. The effects of this Won
der of the 10Th century upon the Stage
scenery, costumes and people, is truly
wonderful. Remember that this beauti.
full comedy has been thoroughly revised,
cutting out everything that could posi-
bly, render its production in any way OBJ
jectionable. And we are promised by its
well-known business manager, Mr.. G. W.
Roberts, one of the finest and most re-
fined entertainments of the season. The
general admission will be so cents. Re-
served seats, rs cents, on sale at Clemmer
& Pooler's. Secure your seats early.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
Making Watches.

Defective watch cases are one of the chief
causes of 50 many watches not being good
time pieces. The cases being thin and not
fitting well, admit dust and dirt to the move
ment, which soon interferes with the running
parts of the watch, necessitating cleaning, re-
pairing, &C., and the amount thus paid out if
applied toward buying good case in the
beginning, would have saved all this trouble
and expense. We have recently seen a case
that meets all these requirements, it having
been carried for over twenty years and still
remains perfect. Werefer to the JAS. BOSS
PATENT STIFFENED GOLD CASE, which has
become one of the staple articles of the jew
elry trade, possessing as it does so many
advantages over all other watch cases, being
made Of two heavy plates of solid gold over a
plate of composition, and we advise all our
readers to ask their jeweler for card or cat
alogue that will explain the manner in which
they are made.
It is the only stiffened case made with two
plates of gold, seamless pendants, and center.
solid joints, crown pieces, &C., all of which
are covered by letters patent. Therefore buy
no case before consulting q teweler who keeps
the JAS. BOSS PATENT STIFFENED GOLD
CASE, that you may learn the difference be-
tween it and all limitations that claim to be
equally as good.
For sale by allresponsible jewellers. Ask to
see the warrant that accompanies each case,
and don't be persuaded that any other make
Of case Is as good. aprAtly
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
DEXTER.

Grain still brings a very good price.
Miss Betsy Dalager has just returned
from pleasant trip to Dakota.
During the past week, the heart Of our
village blacksmith was made to rejoice by the
arrival of an infant daughter.
Mr.. King, our depot-master, is stationed
at HOkah. We have not learned the name of
the operator sent to take his place, nor
whether the removal is permanent.
Last Wednesday, our citizens were star
tied by a terrific crash, and upon emerging
into the street, they saw that the large ware
house in which Mr.. Hunt was buying wheat,
was total wreck. The building contained a
large amount OF wheat, as they had been
buying heavily the day before, and could not
withstand the pressure. The loss of wheat
is not so great as at first thought.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
GRAND MEADOW.
No. 9 wheat. Slid.

NO. 2 wheat, $1.14.
| B. F. Wood was in town Saturday
night.
Miss Carson, of Cambria, Wis, is WIS.,
ting her brother Jim.
Miss Olive left on Friday for her
! home in Scranton, Iowa.
Prof. w. T. Hughart is doing III.
crative business III his lunch room.
We opine the lady who purchased
the 10 glass fruit jars contemplates part
nership.
The finest specimen Of cabbage seen
for years was grown in the garden Of NJ.
o. Whsle.
The frame work Of the elevator is up,
and the cribbing on the upper part is
about feet.
Mrs. Roswell Stewart took the train
on Saturday for Minneapolis. She will
attend the fair.
Mr.. Dell Ferris has leased and is
occupying dwelling owned by Hon.
G. F. Greening.
Mrs, Charley Anton, who has been in
Fountain recreating for number of days,
returned on Saturday last.
"A brother of S. Y. Paddock, and other
friends from Connecticut, have been Wis
lting at S. US thd past week.
Mrs. jonathan Stewart, of Racine,
WHO has been visiting in Martin county,
passed through here en- route for home.
Mrs. Scribner, of Frankford, and
mother of NJ. V. B. Scribner, was calling
on friends day or two prior to this writ
ing.
Mr.. Thos. Durlevy, and his fair
young wife, are in this vicinity. Stella is
visiting friends, while Tom is on the
prairie chickens trail.
Miss Hattie, third daughter Of E. NJ.
Barnard, is at present visiting under the
paternal roof, but for the past two years,
has been a resident of Beaver Dam, Wis.
Mr.. Robt. Nc Closkcy left on Wcdues-
day for Rochester, and from thence will
go by rail to Dakota. Miss Mary McDev-
lit accompanied them to the former place,
and will remain there during the fair.
MIR. Abijah Lindsey is having fine
residence erected on his farm adjoining
the village. The main part, Cx26 feet,
1G feet high, with an L 16x16 1t. Of the
same height, aud an extension on the rear
14x30 feet, 10 feet high. This makes over
2100 square feet Of floor surface, max
ing the most commodious and convent
ent dwelling in this vicinity. E. W.
Thaycr, of Spring Valley, is the supervis-
ing architect.
The best stock Of GROCERIES IN
GRAND MEADOW is kept by
w. w. RANNEY & Son.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
Pan-Fired Uncoiored Japan Teas.

Pan-Fired Uncoiored Japan Teas.
FACTS THAT SHOULD BE CAREFULLY CON-
| sIDERED:
The entire exported product of Japan
Tea, at present amounting to 100000
pounds annually, is consumed by Ameri-
cans. Its popularity originated IN the
we'll advertised fact gifts purity at the time
Of It's Introduction Ctwenty years ago.
which gave it the preference over China
Green teas, that were then most in use,
and generally considered injurious on
account of artificial color. 1t is rather
singular, but nevertheless true, that a tea
so generally in use, which rapidly grew
into favor for the reason of its being
pure, natural leev tea, should gradually
become the most adulterated Of any in use,
| and still retain so strong hold upon the
public. Latterly, however, some consum.
ers, who were aware of the change in its
character, have demanded pure Japan
tea, and the so-called basket-fired tea has
been reluctantly accepted, 1t being the
only uncolored Japan lea imported of late
years, until the recent introduction of Un-
colored Pan-fired Japan.
The pan fired uncolored IS the only nat.
ural-lcat Japan tea IN the market 1t is
prepared in the same manner as when
first introduced and so favorably received;
ii IS also cured by the same process as
the ordinary Japan, except the cozor5nq,
which consists of Prussian Blue, gypsum,
dutch pink" soapstone, clay, etc.-a
compound not altogether desirable for
steady beverage.
Basket fired, though uncolored, is not
naturalleaf tea, and does not give general
satisfaction. 1t is so called from the fact
OF its being dried or "fred" in a "basket,"
or perforated pan, over slow and some.
times smoky fire, after it has been through
a Jernlentzng process, similar to the prep.
aration of Oolong or "Black" tea. Tie
leaf is larger, usually coarser, frequently
has smoky, and sometimes a raw or
grassy flavor.
The object in coloring Japan tea IS to
give uniformity of color 10 leaves which
are either poor tea leaves, or wholly for
eign, as of willow (Which the Japanese
call Gle tea''), to deceive the eye and so
afford an opportunity for statesmen to
overstate its true value; to make weight,
and,ln short, to cover fraud IN general. No
native of Japan can be induced to use
colored tea.
Pan.fired, natural.leaf Japan tea is of
brownlsh color and frequently dlscloscs
some yellowish leaves, but the l., G. & NJ.
"Tycoon" Teas are selected and prepared
with special reference to the qounts and
interests Of consumers, having advantages
in quality as we'll as in purity
At a time when food authorizations are
so alarmingly prevalent, 1t is the manifest
duty OF honorable dealers to exercise great
care in serving patrons. The Pan-fired
Cncolored Japan Tea is kept IN stock and
confidently recommended by the under
signed as the purcst and best Japan tea
ever offered.
An invoice crop Of 1S81,:just received,
by TAYLOR & BALL, Austin, MINI.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-09-07
Republican Caucuses.

ElkSI WAKD.
The Republican voters of the first ward
city of Austin, are requested to meet 10
Jones' hall, Wednesday evening, Septem.
Der ID, 1881, at 7 80 O'Clock, for the purpose
Of electing 6 delegates to attend the coun-
ty convention, Sept. 10th.
G. H. DAVIDSON,
H. w ELMs,
JOSEPH ADAMS,
Ward Committee
SECOND WARD.
The Republican electors of the second
ward, are requested to meet in caucus at
the court house, Wednesday, September
18th, at 7:30 P. NJ, for the purpose of
electing delegates to the county conven-
ton, to be held at Austin, Sept. 1G.
E. =. VAN VALKENBURaH,
w. T. WILKINS,
H. B. COREY,
Ward Committee.