, 1881-09-30
PNEUMATIC CLOCKS.
Extended Cse OF Them in Paris and
Their Introduction Into England.
fnnfnu TTrLt..


Their Introduction Into England.
LoHtioA 7tHIts
Although the elasticity Of atmospheric ale
has been known for centurlca II would sceH
TINT 1t Is only In comparatively recent tirneG
thut advantage has bccsI taken Ut that property
In utlllzislg air prcssurs for practical ends. Tha
use Uf cotnpressed alr for numerous purposcs,
from tho driving Of heavy machinery to tha
transmission OF delicate SIGNALS, has. however,
Of luto bcron,o worry general, and tho latest ap'
pEfcaton With which wo have been made famtf.
lar Is that Of distributing time to system OF
clocks fr0m q central or principal ttn,o-
keeper. Tito first nttcmpts to transmit .thd
time By nlcans Of compressed all
waro nlada IN 1851 by Mossra. ropp and
ltcsch, two Austrian engineers. who, however,
wore then unsuccessful. After a further invca'
tigatlou Of tho subject and tanny dsappolut'
1uontE they wcro cnablod, on tho 23d OF Fobs
rtlaFy. 1H11S, to fnAuYurnto In vienna the hrat
public service nf Tho pncusnattc distribution nt
te IA u ,not5 o"n Sxnemdse 'oi. IN sne
tGtn Ut tho Taris Exhibition, whore 1t attracted
considerable attent!uH, n silver tnedal bcng
Tho % msnfes. @ utility W Of the csstem Induced tho
municipal authorities Of FArIs III Noveemhgr or
The satl,o year to Krnat pertnssslon 70 ". popp
to lMY down pIpeh III the Sewers OF the hF4t, Acus
ond. and ninth arondssemcnts Of that city for
the pneumatic distribution ot t1ne. and a mouth
s's5 n sose. Tbo opsne
ties llorloEes Fnoumnttqaes wls FORMED anortly
alteEward, ami d, tho 18th OF March. 1850 tho IN.
place. Six miles uf pipes bad be6u laid down
and four clocks. autne havinE multiple dlala
ce1yoa pne1imatIe IN line from The central woris.
These clocks have continued to work: satl4fao-
torIly. aud hRyo pccnDe IN cstnbslshei inst'tu.
further e1tendud. und at present thorn arc
about sixteen miles Ut tnaiu pipes laid in tho
n prp mn rnn1tnaUtfo cf0r{A. FnCa}Ftinn
timo from the central works. With which they
are connectcd W air-tubos. The public ctoeka
thirty -thrce dlals nmonv ths,n. IN the srron.
dissonents already alluded to. wh'io on the l9tf
S ns p,s ,as
pneumatic clocks. both tor public and private
several larRe towns In FsAnce ard En oshor Con-
t!acntal cittcs. It's also being introduced Into
The system consists OF central works, at which
tho air ta compressed. By mcai1B OF steAm engines
working mir F-conprcssofsan nd stored In reservoirs
xa.ye pek s
compressed nnd stored II led to dtstr'otltng r.
ce!yers, passing On its way to cnch iarouKh Q
periodical transfer Or discharge Of compressed
mir from tho reservoir Into tho recoiyors tnkcs
evsly hs s e Ss
l.y. ntcans u' tho regulator tho cnnprcaied alr
Id tho receivers is maintained at q e0nstaat
lnain or normal clock. BY which tho tystcm oa
pneumatic clocks is aotuatet! mud controi!cd:
ss p1es. and fse . sa y " wb al ef q
balanced side-valsc, which ia succeEsiycly
opened Rnd shut by the. uction Ut the clock.
admitted to this clock In continuous curront1
nIt " Snf u n tss ~ y ,tn y.
tho hanis u tae 'ualti clock trsye! ia ths SAINT
manner aa those Of an ordinary clock. Tho H.