, 1881-07-10
The Old Landmarks Excellent
knowledge Of Things Prior
to the War.
It Was Marcy Who Said, "To
the Victor Belong the
Spoils."
He Is Like Guiteau, He Hae
Rather Be Execrated than
Forgotten.
He Admits that the Abolition Of
Slavery Ameliorated Labor in
the South.

| Special Dispatch to The Chicago Tribune.
t PHILADELPHIA, Pa, July y.--Col. Fran
A. Burr writes to the Press All account Of
visit to jeff Davis, in which he says: 81 AS
approached his house by the broa
walk which leads up from tn
road, Mr.. Davis was sitting 1lpol
the porch i'll front of the door to the hall o
the house, reading a letter: [ walked III
the steps, and, as reached the porch, he ros
from his seat and extended his hand. L wa
greatly surprised ut his appearance. I hav'
seen many different pictures of him, none O.
which resemble him much more than they
do julius Cesar. The picture in the secont
volume of his book, If the gray hair ant
| whiskers could be shorn, would be the bes
have seen. lie is
| A. 1.-THE, STARE MAN,
| little over the medium hight, weighing,
should say. not more than 140 pounds. AS
saw him to-day he was neatly dressed
III light-colored duck trousers, white
vest, and linen coat. 4 light gold watch.
| chain hung in his buttonhole, and
his spectacles dangled from black horse.
| hair chain about his neck. lie wore a stand
ing collar with neat, black tie, and his
whole appearance was that of ait unpreten-
| tious gentleman Closely cropped gray
! whiskers fringId his entire face, and
lis expression, while very firm.
is quite pleasant, especially when he smiles,
which he often does. He has All ample suit
OF gray hair, his eyes are full Of fire and ex-
preston, and, in conversation, lie has Il way
Of closing his mouth firmly, denoting
the great will-powcr which has been ever
recognized lis one Of his. leading character
istics.
HIS FIRST EXCLAMATION,
as he greeted me in tone Of voice low and
pleasant, was: II am glad to see you, sir!"
Almost before l had time to reply, lie a1lx-
to tile Presidents condition ?''
l gave him the latest dispatches, and he re-
sumed his seat. inviting HE to take great
broad, splint-bottom chair which sat near
him.
"This assault on Garfield is horrible
crime. There can be but one sentiment
among the people of this country at
THE ESoHS1rY OF THE oFrESsE.
What it may forebode to the country is
hard to determine. When man kills the
President because he refuses him Office,
what may not be expected? Assassination is
usually tile outgrowth Of seasons Of CALLING
oppression. Even then it is the resort Of a
force or sentiment too cowaroly for revolution
and too contemplate for civilization to toler-
ate. But this crime is without even the ex-
cuse of excitement. Il vulgar man murders
the President in his wild delirium about Of
flee. Such crime makes the whole Nation
kin. alters all prejudices, and bushes par
tisan thoughts. It is evident that the crime
is the outgrowth of
THE GREEDY SCRAMBLE FOR OFFICE
which has of late years been so marked. It
is to he hoped that the reaction which this
great crime will produce may correct this
alarming evil. It has for long time been
growing into our system Of Government,
until it appears to have finally
resulted i'll the murder OF the
Executive. The South had much hope Of
Gartield's Administration and will sincerely
mourn his loss, as it joins in the National
sorrow over the assault upon his life. I
earnestly hope he may speedily recover. Ap-
Rointllents and removals for political con
slderati0ns arc a bad use of executive power.
WHEN THE CoNFEDEEAcY WAS ORGANIZED
at Montgomery it was provided that no man
should be removed from office by the Ex-
ecutive except for cause, which the law re-
Qnired should be specifically stated. The
political power concentrated in the hands of
the President by his control Of patronage
has been growing greater every day, and its
administration has for long time been
yicious''
''Didn't it begin in Jackson's time. when
lie proclaimed the doctrine that to the victor
belong the spoils:"'
1t is common error that Jackson was
the author of that declaration. That is not
true, nor is it true that removals and appoint
lnents for political considerations began
during his Administration. Mr. Marcy, while
making speech in the Senate, made use of !
the expression, To the victor belong tie
spoils,' while stating what might follow as
the line of policy under certain |
contingencies. Another Senator, after
the speech, called his attention to
the phrase, and said that statement |
will be considered and treated as all open
avowal of party policy, and you had better
have it stricken OUT No. that is not what |
l Intended, but it is there, and I will not |
change it, replied Mr.. Marcy.
THE FIRST REMOVALS FOE POLITICAL CON-
SlnERATIONS
began during John Quincy Adams Ad-
in the State Department,
when Mr. Clay was at the head of it, and lie
the printers who did the public
The State Department then also
controlled the Post-Ofice Depart
nent, the Postmaster General not then being
i Cabinet of1icer.''
A1r. Davis then gave 4 most interesting ac-
count of the Ciyll-Service in carly days, and
low it had been administered under the
;arlous Administrations with which he was
as Congressman and Cabinet Off
'er, and Of which he had familiar knowl-
'dge. Finally, matters touching
His BOOK
we're called up, and the reception Of the
work became the subject Ut inquiry.
am very well satisfied with its rccen-
lon,'' replied 1lr. Davis. II did not expect
r wish it or myself to escape criticism. 1
uppose, however, ain like most men.
would rather be criticised than
ot noticed. undertook the work for the