davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1877-1885, 1881-05-07

- = -@-~ A@- v AA-&
Trains leave Rock Island as follows: Day Ex-
press at S:55 N. arriving at Racine $50 m, and
Milwaukee 6: rs m,; Night Express at 1873 D IN,
arriving at Racine 900 IN, and Milwaukee 915 a
N, connecting at Fulton with Chicago e. North
western Railroad for Morrison, Sterling and Dixon
At Freeport with Illinois Central Railroad for Du-
buque, Lacrosse, and all points North. At Beloit
with the Madison Division of the Chicago q North
western Railway for Madison. At Clinton juno
ton with the Western Division of the Chicago q
Northwestern Railway for GAINESVILLE, Oshkosh and
Green Bay. At Western Union junction with the
Chicago Division of the III. 81 st. r. Ry for Chi
csgo and all Eastern points. AT Milwaukee With
Northern Divisions OF the G.. NJ. g. St p. tsy for
Waukesh&, Jancsvile, Madison, Watertown, Por,
Eage City, KiIbourn, Lacrosse, Oshkosh, Minneap-
oils and ST. Paul. Also with the Wisconsin Central
Railroad for Plymouth, Green Bay, Menasha, Ste
Lake Shore q Western Railroad for Sheboygan,
Manit0woc, New )ndOn and ClintonVille.
West bound trains leave Milwaukee at Z: rs m,
and b:16 p N, making close connections for ali
points in the West and Southwest.
This is the only line running through
Day Coaches and Sleeping Cars between
Milwaukee and Rock Island.
Passengers wishing to take the sleeper leaving
Rock Island at 1873 can do any time after
Up m. Passengers for Dubuque THIS secure
rest from p until 4 200 m.
Be sure that your tickets read via Western Union
Railroad.
Tickets on sale at all principal tic ket Offices.
For information regarding rates, routes, etc. ad-
dress
D. A. oLIN, Avn CARPENTER,
Superintendent, Gen'l Pass. Ticket Ag't,
Racine, Wis. Milwaukee, VIZ.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Aiuckv Sacrifice.

The story Of the way in which the late
Michel Chasles became geometer is a
picturesque one. He passed out of the
Ecole Polytechnique in engineering in
1914 to take his place as an officer. He
was on the point of leaving for Chartres
to show his uniform and bid farewell to
his mother before going to Metz, when
he was visited by the father of one Of
his comrades. My son." said the good
man, "is the first Of the pupils who has
not obtained post; you have hesitated,
I know, to accept your epaulet; your re-
fusal would have assured to your COM
rade career which pleases him, and for
which I have made the greatest sacri-
fees. It is impossible for me to prepare
him for another" Chasles made no re-
ply. He went IT, Chartres. On his ar
rival his choice was made, and he told
his mother he would stay with her. Tho
army lost him as an officer, the world
gained him as Il geometer.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Foreign War Notes.

The latest information concerning the fall of
Lima has been verified. The finest army Peru
ever put into the field was completely demoral-
lied and whipped out of existence. January
18th, the Chlians entered Lima and established
a local government with NJ. Godai, formerly
Chilian minister in Ecuador, as project of Ii
ma. The losses in killed and wounded are es-
timated at 5000 Peruvians and 1000 Chilians
the Peruyans before the surrender.
Gen. Skole!eff having issued proclamation
calling upon the Tekke Turcomans to return to
their homes, they arc gradually coming in from
tho deserts and surrendering arms. Seven
thousand families have returned thus far
Eight thousand people persisted during the
siege, and 1900 were cut down by the Russians
during the pursuit.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
A Well Earned Fee.


During recent session OF the Calves
ton county District Court a stranger
employed one Of our young lawyers to
assist the county attorney in prosecut-
ing man charged with burglary. The
young lawyer did his very best to con-
vict the burglar, but the jury acquitted
him without leaving their seats. When
the stranger who had employed the
young lawyer, to prosecute the burglar
came TO pay the you-.g lawyer, the latter
said: II will only take half
the money, as as 7 failed to con-
want to pay you wel1" III was the he r. reply ply
of the stranger: "The prisoner is my
brother, and if I hadn't hired you to
help the state he would have been con-
victed and sent to the penitentiary. You
have done nobly.'' The young lawyer
gobbled the fee without any more hesl-
attion. He says he earned it.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
ksISrnefs to Dealh.

The dwelling OF farmer named Wagner,
his two bid ed ershed ta he ames
Miss Sarah Hlley, aged about IL gears, was
burned to death near Pollzsville, KY, on the
7th inst. Her clothing ignited from fire
place.
On the Sd inst, George Prelat, bachelor,
residing with paralyzed and bed-ridden sister.
Owensville, Ky, while throwing log of wood
rise was burned to death. His sister, lying
helpless on Il bed in the same room, was forced
by her infrnlity to see her brothers awful death
without being able to render any assistance.
BY chance the facts were discovered by neigh.
bors on the day following, when the poor wona-
an Was found with fixed, staring eyes, lying on
the bed gazing on the remains of her brother,
which had been mutilated by cats. She will
never recover from the shock.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
ADen0t Wrecked.

On the morning Of the Sth inst, the roof of
the old New York Central depot, Exchange
street, Buffalo, N. Y, collapsed under heavy
accumulation of snow, burying a number Of
passenger cars and human beings in the ruins.
The following were killed.: Henry Waters,
Capt. John ". Byrne, Vim. D. Wells and Levi
s. Huntington-all' railroad employees except
Capt. Byrnc. The passengers all made their
escape from the buried cars without injury.
Had the accident occurred ten minutes earlier,
when several trains we're preparing to leave the
depot, the loss Of life would have been
enormous
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Minor MiSIlapSs


A railroad train ran into a sleigh near New
port. Minn., on the 18th inst, killing Corwin K.
Manning, and seriously injurlng Vim. r. Scho-
field.
Edward II. Henning Of Hamilton Ont, was
accidentally killed by his friend, Charles j.
Smith, at Chicago, Ill.,, on the 18th inst. while
the latter was carelessly toy ing with loaded
evolver.
A mud drum in the boiler room of the Peoria,
ILL.,, sugar refinery, exploded Oh the 18th inst,
killing Michael Carney, and badly injuring four
othels.
Gen. Herman Uhl. formerly business mana
ger of the New York Stdats zcit,tng, and q
guard, accidentally and fatally shot himself at
his homo in New York city on the 18th inst,
while cleaning a revolver.
An emp]oye Of the Bucyrus, o., gas works at
tempted to trace a leak III the refinery on the
18th, taking light with him. An explosion,
which destroyed the building, followed.
-Four persons were badly scalded by the burst
lug of a steam pipe on the steamer City Of
Stockton, near Stockton, CAL, Oh the 10th inst.
Robert Chppenger, messenger boy at the
Michigan state capitol, Lansing, carelessly slid
on the banister Of a stair on the fourth floor,
and fell q distance Of eighty feet to the marble
floor below. His neck was broken.
Henry Phelegan, a butcher, was killed at
| Washington, D. c., ON the 10th inst, by stray
| shot from ritleIanse.
! "A tank in Godells lard-rendering establish.
ment, in Peoria, Ills, exploded on the 9Th inst,
killing an employe named James Boyd.
r A boiler attached to drilling machine oper.
ating on tue new Welland canal, exploded or
the 18th inst, killing Herbert Atkinson, and
wounding six others.
The roof Of the Canadian Pacific railroad
freight shed at Winnipeg fell in on the 9tt
inst, from the weight Of snow. The structure
was over two hundred feet long. ~, :.
VIM. Harrison, switchman, was crushed te
death on the 9th inst, at Cleveland, while coup
ling cars. 80 o. ~: "
John johnson, q miner, was killed at Lead
vile, COL, on the 7th, by falling out of th'
bucket while being elevated through a shaft.
A vicious bull gored farmer named Patricl
Higgins, to death, in the vicinity Of Flgin, Ills.
on the 7eh inst.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Winter and SPRING.

The marriage of the Baroness Burdett- Coutts
and William L. Ashmead Bartlett took place at
Christ's church, London, on the 18th inst, in
presence Of only relatives and intimate friends.
In accordance with the will of the duchess Of
st. Albans, Mr.. Bartlett assumed the name of
Burdett-Coutts before his own legal cognomen.
The pair will spend the honeymoon in Kent, at
the seat Of Admiral Gordon. The bride is G7
years of age and the groom about 33.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
The SOu1h African War.

The British troops operating against Che
Beers in South Africa have experienced severe
defeat. Sir George Colley attempted to clear
the road to Newcastle, and failed. The fight
lasted for five hours, and the British were so
hard pressed that General Colley had to send
back to camp for reinforcements. At sunset
the Beers withdrew, and the British returned
to camp with four officers killed. four wounded,
and 15G men killed and wounded. The Beers
loss is unknown. While the engagement was
i'll progress, the Beers got around to the rear Of
the camp and captured a mule train and some
ambulanees. General Colley's situation is very
bis command will be in danger of
annihilation. The Beers appear to be good
soldiers
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
NEWS IN BRIEF.
Reservoir Burst

At Tray, O., on the 1lth inst, a portion Of
the town was inundated and much damage in
ficted by the bursting of the water works res
eryOir,
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
.fter him for eluding the payment of his city

UCtIlBe.
A lady student of the Ann Arbor (Nlich. }
university. committed suicide on the 18th inst,
in the inlet Of Orion lake, near Oxford, Mich.
Mrs; J. I f. Nichols MIC .4 committed con NIT suicide at
into we'll before the family was up. She is a
sister of Miss Hogg, Of Bloomington, ILL.,,
who suicided at Mrs. Nichols house some
time ago. She had twice before attempted to
to kill herself. Her father also met death at
his own hands.
Leonhard Forester, of Kossuth. Mamtowoc
county, Wis, aged l6, hung himself in his
Carrie Steward, 14-year old girl, suicided
at Elgin, ILL.,, on the 7th inst, because her pa
rents objected to her marrying dissolute man,
aged 40. =.
Douglas Burnett, telegraph operator, COM
mitted suicide at Chicago on the 7th inst.
Cause, dissipation
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Sitting BULBS Command.

Scouts report that Sitting Bull, with about 800
warriors, well mounted and in good condition
have crossed over into British territory again.
Grow Wing, who is next in authority to Sitting
Bull, is at Fort Buford with 3l5 braves. He
says be thinks Bull will come in and surrender
soon, and would like to go and induce him to do
SO. He also would like to so to Washington to
see the Great Father.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
TRHHihlR EXnlAki0la.

While party of men were blasting in SOAP
stone quarry at the Forge Farm, near Louis
vile, Ky, on the fifth inst, 8 keg Of powder
exploded, killing Moses Kerwick, and seriously
injuring VIM. Jackson and man named
Rogers. The keg exploded while Kerwick was
handling it.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
A Fatal Spree.

A party of laborers went on spree at Port
Jervis, N. Y, on the 9Th inst. One was frozen
dead, and the hands and feet of some of the
others We're so badly nipped as to render ampu-
tatiOn necessary.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Buried Alive.

Private advices from Wood river, Idaho, de-
scribe all avalanche which buried four men in
their cabin while getting supper, those lost be-
we're working for them.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Fatal LunaCy.

Recently John Savage, of Wyoming, took
passage on steamer at New York for Liver
pool. and when the boat was in mid-occan he
Jumped overheard and was drowned 1t trans
pires that while crossing the plains on bis way
east he became suddenly demented, and de-
voured large number Of bank bills, but was
prevented from eating his ticket by the united
efforts of the railroad officials.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
asR,aktlv Erevght.

to Montreal, purporting to contain poultry, was
examined on the 10th inst. and found to con-
tain decomposed corpse. There is no clue to
who forwarded the box or as to the identity of
tho b01v
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
The Miners, Doom.

Six laborers were burned to death by an ex-
plosion i'll the Belmont mine, near Helena,
Montana, on the 12yh.
A frightful explosion occurred on the 10th
inst. at Robinson, O., i'll Mauer & Co.'S. coal
mine. II seems that miner named Smith at
tempted to pass through dangerous room in
the works with g lamp, notwithstanding orders
had been issued against entering the deadly
chamber. An immense hole was rent through
the fifteen feet of earth comprising the roof,
carrying death and destruction to everything
in the vicinity. About twenty men were at
| work in the mine, six of whom were killed out
| right and number dangerously wounded. A
mule and train of eight cars were shot out of
the main entrance as if from cannon, and
another mule, drawiaga cart in which man
was seated, was blown ON tile. top of the cart,
killing the driver. A dog was also blown out
of the mine, and man, Jackson Heck, just
entering, was blown back and over high rail.
road embankment into the creek below, jnjur
ing him badly. The men not disabled or killed
escaped through shaft to the open air. The
scenes after the disaster were leartrending in
the extreme.
| On the 7th inst, twelve men were imprisoned
and supposed to have persisted by q; colliery ex
p!osion at Whitfield, Eng. A Stnffordshire phi
was also on fire.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Self MURDER.

A teamster named VIM. Murphy, who piled
his vocation at Chicago, with the aid of razor
edge deserted that wicked city on the 18th.
Henry Cauk, O St. Louis teamster, jumped
into well in bis back yard and was drowned,
on the 11th inst. He imagined detectives were
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Robbcrics and PecIllatiOns.

A room at the Sherman house, Chicago, oc~
cupied by Will J. Davis and wife, was robbed of
$500 worth OF jewelry.
The superintendent of the Bertha zinc
mines, in Virginia, Major William P. Hart has
absconded, after forging notes to the amount
Of $4,000
The postmaster at Red Willow county, Neb.,
has been arrested for a long feries of pecula-
tons, such as ritling registered letters, etc.
On the night of the 9th inst, at Brownsville,
Tenn, W. 7. BIifn's safe was cracked and
$4,000 taken thercfron1. The burglars we're
captured in Arkansas and S., 500 recovered.
John p. LeisE, assistant mail weigher at the
Chicago posof1ice, has been detected in ab-
stracting mail from the pouches. The total
amount recovered WAS from $12, 900 to $15, 900,
o large amount being found on his person, and
the balance in a house of ill-fame.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Death on the Rail.

Two Grand Trunk freight trains collided
near Prescott, Canada, on the 1lth inst. No
one was injured, but four cars and an engine
were wrecked.
The steamboat train from Providence, r. l.,
on the Old Colony road, was struck by freight
The fireman Of the freight tram was killed, and
one passenger car and the freight locomotive
wrecked. -Four passengers were slightly in
jured.
There was disastrous collision at Rock Hill
station on the North Pennsylvania railroad, on
the 10th inst, between freight and passenger
train. Both engines were demolished, the bag
gage car telescoped and number of freight
cars wrecked. Three persons were instantly
killed and five fatally injured Six others were
badly hurt and several received slight bruises.
The station was partially demolished and the
telegraph operator fatally crushed. The disas-
ter, which occurred in a. dense fog, WAS occa-
stoned by a nliscorstruction of orders by the
freight engineer. who ran his train on the
wrong side track.
At COmmunipaW, N. j.. on the 10th inst,
two cars Of a local passenger tram jumped the
track, one of the cars oYerturlling and taking
FIRE. No passengers were burned, but one was
fatally crushed.
A terrible and fatal accident occurred near
Pana, ILL.,, On the 9Th inst. A caboose contain
ing twenty-five or thirty laborers was run into
by passenger train, killing three outright. and
wounding nine others. 1ockhart, conductor
of the construction train is responsible for the
accident.
defective railway threw the New York ex-
press off the track on the Michigan Southern
road near Striker, Ind. Oh the 7th inst. Two
sleepers jumped the rails and q directors car
containing number Of railroad officials went
down an elnbankment. Its occupants were all
badly bruised.
Near Rainey, West Va, on the 7th inst, a
freight train jumped the track, and rolled down
an embankment. Fifteen cars were demolished.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16

Or ak modern improvements ard
inventions in Sewing. Machines, the
New Wheeler q Wilson, "1,he Silent
Number 81 is the greatest success
Whereverit has come in competition
before competent judges with other
machines, it has universally come of
triumphant.
"WE declare 1t the best in the
world" "-]ullges Anaerico'e Institute,
n. 7.
AWARDED the only grand prize foI
Sewing Machines, at the Paris Expo
sition, 1878, over 80 competitors.
AGENTS WANTED.
Address -
WHEELER & WILSON MFG CO., +.
l55 State Street, CHICAGO.
W. I. BROWN, Agent, Austin, MINI.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
Business Failures,

The MeiserSte and Iron company, tlimlted)
of Liverpool, has gone into liquidation. Liza
bilities e359, 600.
John Robinson & Son, wholesale dry goods
firm at Toronto, Canada, Suspended on the 9th
inst
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
FEBRUARY
Work of the Flames.

A tank of the Standard Oil company, at Bay
onnepolt, N. j., exploded and took fire, several
thousand barrels of naphtha being consumed
The damage is about $4,000.
The Michigan Avenue Baptist church, Chicago,
was totally destroyed by fire on the evening of the
18th. When the front walls fell eleven firemen
barely escaped being crushed to death. The
estimated loss is $4,000.
The button shop Of the Scoville manufact,1r-
ing company, at Waterbury, Conn.,, burned on
the 18th inst. Loss estimated at 5000, 600;
insurance 1926, ,0O0. Two hundred hands are
thrown out of employment.
Horner & Co.'S paper stock warehouse, Balti-
more, Nd, was consumed by fire on the 18th.
Loss $4,000.
At Oldham, Eng, on the 18th inst, the
Windsor Spinning companys mill was burned.
Loss $4,000.
Fire is raging in the Richardson coliery, at
Pottsville, Pa, the gas ha wing become ignited
by blast. Frequent explosions occur, and
the mine is being flooded.
The works of tho Southern Oil company. at
Memphis, Tenn., were consumed by fire on the
10th inst, together with large quantity of
manufactured stock and cotton seed The
building and contents were worth 100000. but
an insurance policy of $123 1000 is all the satis-
faction the stockholders will get.
At Cleveland, o.. on the 10th inst, Geib &
Hermans grocery store was destroyed by fire.
Loss $4,000.
A fire in q row Of unfinished brick buildings
on Third avenue New York city, caused loss
of $4,000.
The Western Electric Manufacturing COM
pany's establishment in New York city, was
damaged to the extent Of $685. 600 by fire on the
9th. Several of the operatives had narrow es-
capes from death.
Eighteen railway trucks and twelve grain
laden barges were destroyed and two ships DAM
aged by fire in the Victoria docks, London, on
the 9Th inst. Loss estimated at $4,000.
The town of Walnut. near Council Bluffs, Ia.,
was wiped out by fire on the 9Th inst Seven
teen business houses, with contents, were con-
sumed.
Ferguson's pork house at indianapolis, Ind
burned on the 7th inst. Loss $500, 1000; insur-
ance $385,OOO
A fire at Utica, n Y, on the 7th inst, badly
damaged the Reformed Church building, which
cost $G5, 900; insurance $25,O00.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
THE MARKETS.
&RaV XAHk.

New YORK, February 11-12:30 P. M.-Flour-
Receipts 20,615 bbls: sales 1000 bbls; eady;
very moderate export and local trade demand;
round hoop Ohio at S4.S5@5.00; choice do at
$5.10@6.75; superfine western at s360@39 80;
common to good extra do at S4.20@4.55: choice
do at s4.6O@5.75; choice white wheat at $500
@6.O0. Wheat-A shade stronger but rather
quiet; sales 100000 bus No. 2 red selle, March
at $1.1S1s@l.19; 100000 bus do seller April at
s1.2O; do seller May at s1.1915 bid; s1.l92l
asked. Corn-A@19c. better: fairly active;
sales 175,OO0 bus mixed western spot at 551a@
5715c; do futures at 545s@57c. Oats-11sc
better; western at 4315@49c; sales, 1000 bus,
including No. 2 seller April at 445s@44Sc; do
seller May at 44115c. Beef-Quiet and firm.
Pork-Firm and quiet; old mess at S14.25@
1850 for spot. Lard-Opened stronger; after
ward steam rendered sold a, S10.C715. Butter
Dull and unsettled at 13@2Sc. Cheese
Weak at s@131lc for poor to choice. Sugar
STEADY. Molasses-Quiet and steady. Petro-
Rce-Quiet and firm. Coffee
Dull. ights-Heavy. Spirits Of Turpenyine
Dull at 461@47c. Rosin-steady at si.7o
OILS. Tallow-Steady at 6355@13asc. Eggs
Quiet at 29@2813c.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1881-02-16
An Abundance Of Water.

Nearly all the.mIls at Manayunk, Pa, and a
number Of dwellings,, are inundated. Loss i'll
stock, machinery, ETC., 100000.
Damage to vessels, wharves and other prop
erty by the flood at Washington, D. c., is esti-
mated to be in the neighborhood Of 5000, 1000.
a section Of Long Bridge was swept away.
Georgetown suffered to the extent of about
$4,000.
The freshet in the Juniata Valley Pa, was
the most disastrous ever known in that section.
The loss on bridges in one county alone foots
up about $4,000.
The Delaware river has flooded the country
about Bushlsill, Pa, inhicting damage to the
extent of $4,000.
The Hoboken, n j., meadows are inundated
and at least 500 families are without shelter.
The tracks of the Pennsylvania railroad, near
Harrisburg, are covered with water and ice for
almost a mile, to the depth of three feet.
Bridges were swept away at Perryville, Newton,
Hamilton, Miffiin, Newport, and A1llerstowp,
As sequence of the ''soft" spell of
weather now prevailing throughout the United
States, snow, slush and water have combined
their forces and are inficting immense damage
everywhere. New York city is i'll a frightful
state, and the decaying sediment in the thoro-
oughfares is causing considerable sickness. The
Sciota river, in Ohio is 'sbiling" and the low
lands around Columbus are submerged. Rail-
road bridges and culyerts have been swept
away, and several narrow escapes from serious
mishaps occurred. The MOnOngahela is also
on the rampage and 100000 worth of property
The Mississippi is very high and New Orleans
is all aioat. A relief committee is distributing
and to the water-soaked Inhabitants.
The Pittsbnrg coal mines have been dama5 5ed
$4,000 by the high water.
A freshet on the Savannah river washed cut
about two miles of trestlework Of the Charles
ton and Savannah railroad, cutting off com.
min %io,,h hofv fbot txvo
A portion of Toledo, o., is under water, and
on the 18th inst. pass Agcr trains were unable
to enter the city. One span of the Pennsyl-
vania railway bridge was wrecked, and six
grain laden vessels torn from their moorings
and swept down stream.
Tue town of Pass Manchac La, was totally
destroyed on the 9th inst, by terrific storm
of wind and rain. Every building in the place
was swept away. Fortunately no lives were
lost.