The National tribune., 1881-11-26

| h0ed the roots: then, when the plants were large
enough he ran the cultivator across them III place
Of otherwise thinning them. He got heavy crop
Of tOlerably large roots, the whole OF which were
plOwed in, and the ground Summer-falloWed the
following year to kill the weeds. Fail wheat was
then sown and produced sixty bushels per acre
The wheat was seeded down well with clover,
and as soon as the clover was III tioWer the next
! year, it was piowcd under. This treatment got
/ the land into thorough heart, and with judiCi0uS
management since the field has continued to be
the best on the farm
PRUNING GRArEs-The best time to prune
grapes is from the middle Of November to the
middle OF December. Formerly the month OF
. February was generally chosen FOR this operation,
but when deferred till spring the vines are liable
to bleed, which, although not considered as doing
much injury may as well be guarded against, as
it certainly cannot be of any benefit. A far more
important reason for fall pruning is the additional
stimulus which the buds receive from the accu-
mutation of sap during the winter months.
All through the winter the plant still cOntin-
ueS to absorb by its roots, and the matters intro
duced accumulate in the wood and buds: it IS
| therefore evident that when pItnIng is delayed
until spring very significant portion Of this
winter accumulated vgor is removed. When
pruning is performed early or before winter, the
buds which are retained acquire greater strength
on account of their diminished number, and will
grow with redoubled yigOr in spring.
In pruning grapes it should CT course be re-
membered that fruit is produced only on grOwths
made the previous season, so that enough Of these
young shoots should be retained to secure crop
CUTTINGs.-The present time is a favorable
season for making and planting cuttings Of such
plants as are known to propagate readily from
hardened wood. OF these may be mentioned
grapes, currGRts, and go0sebe1Ties among fruits,
and such ornamental shrubs as JforsWhjas, deut-
zias spjreGs, aeejgelias, and the psirets.
The cutting should not be less than six inches
in length, and planted perpen9icularly, so that
the top bud will be level with the surface of the
ground. The reason for making the cutting this
length is to prevent exhaustion of its contained
sap before roots are formed 4 single bud attached
to an inch Of wood, if placed in position where
evaporation would not occur, will form plant
quite as certainly as the longer cutting will do,
and with new or rare pia"+s this practice is COM
mon, but in this case al a sphere has
to be provided so as TO Il. ditiOnS for
success Evaporation is placing the
whole Of the cutting il ..HI so that its
sap may be economical III Of roots
Hence the reason Of IA things are
only partially inserted "y gg n. ne exposed
portion, being subjected aa influences
Of the atmosphere, shri els up before
roofing takes place.
The roofing Of cutting when the
ground in which they are is warmer
than the atmosphere by eh surround
ed; all successful propa a- %. u. is depends
mostly upon these COZ .tas. r0pagating
house is simply house here these conditions
can be secured, but no s .aageala, ces are es-
sentially necessary with ia s as those
mentioned above in fact, we find these condi-
tons existing in a natural manner at this season,
inasmuch as the soil for foot in depth is warmer
than the atmosphere; consequently, cuttings will
at once commence to form roots, while there is
no danger Of bud growth interfering with the
process. For the same reason, early fall is the
best time to transplant deciduous trees, thus en-
aiding them to form a new growth of roots dur
ing the period which occurs between the fall Of
leaves and the commencement of new growth
of shoots.
SCALE AND BARK INsECTS.-The best remedy
for all bark lice and other insects on the bark OF
trees, is to cover the part attached with a coating
of common lime wash. Fruit trees of all kinds I
would be greatly benefited by an annual cover
ing Of lime wash as 1t smotheIs insect life OF ev-
cry kind which may be lurking in crevices and
cracks. 1t is also good preventive of blight