Daily Los Angeles herald., 1881-12-22

Ire. and Win. Planting.
NO. III

We take from the Erpress J. J.
Warmers second article on "Tree
and Vine Paintings"
From what has preceded on this
subject 1t follows that deciduous
trees ehould be transplanted and
cuttings planted rs soon after the
falling OF the leaves as may be
practicable. It gives more time
for the formation and growth of
rootlets before the season for the
expansion of the buds into leaves
ip reached, and these rootlets will
be able to take in moisture to be
forwarded to the leaves ss soon as
the latter unfold themselves to the
light of the sun.
The necessity of suitably prepar-
ing the ground In which cuttings
arc to be planted was shown. The
ground should not be moist at and
near the surface; but, on the CONF
trary, It should be dry down to the
depth at which 1t is most benefi.
cial to have the roots Of the ex-
pected vine, and the cutting
should be ~ long, and no longer,
than sufficient to reach that point,
unless some of the lower end of
tho cutting Is placed In Q
horizontal position. II it is
20 placed the longer the cutting
the better. The necessity Of great
care In the selection and keeping of
cuttings was made manifest.
Under ordinary circumstance the
cutting will be suffering loss of
sap by exhalation from the time it
10 cut from the parent stock until
1t 10 properly planted. II, as is
generally the case, 1t is necessary
to keep . cutting any length Of
time, 1t should be as well protected
- may be practicable from the loss
Of sap by evaporation. The less
the loss OF sap, the greater will be
the force Of the cutting to throw
out roots and expand leaves and
send forth limbs. II the cuttings
are exposed to the atmosphere, es-
pscIally II it be dry, for any con.
siderable time, they lose so much
Of their sap that their growth. if
they grow ut all, is feeble and slow.
Nature, said to be good school
master, plants the seeds for its for
ests and vines upon the surface of
the ground and covers them but
slightly. II the ground In which
Z tree or vine is planted Is natural
~ Or arti6cially moist, so as to
have q. moist surface during the
Summer season, the tree or vine
should be SO planted as to have its
roots near the surface of the
ground. If the ground is subject
to become dry, deeper planting Is
required. II the orchard or vine.
yard is to be irrigated, the vines
and trees should have their roots
lower in the ground than If no irri-
cation was necessary. Ifthe roots
Of tree or vine are near the sur
lace Of the ground, the plant suf-
fsrs from any sudden and extreme
change In the quantity of moisture
taken up BY the roots. At every
time Of irrigating, the thirsty roots
will draw in from the saturated
coll large quantity of water.
which will almost instantly slim
ulate the growth of new wood and
leaves; but before either have ma
tured, their growth is checked by the
failure of the roots to continue the
nes0ed supply Of sap. 1.-THE roots
are deeper in the ground, the wa
ter from the irrigation reaches
them more gradually and the soil
with which they are In contact does
not lose it's water suddenly. The
roots are not gorged with water a
few days and then starved for the
want Of 1t, but obtain it more
gradually by sending out new
branches to gather 1t in. The
nearer the roots are to the surface
Of the ground the more benefit
will they receive from the light
and warmth of the sun. which will
give the plant, provided there is
no deficiency of moisture, o more
vigorous growth and add much to
the fruit both in sizs and good
qualities.
What was written about a cutting
two and q half feet long was not to
convey the idea that that length
Was the best for Q vine cutting, but
WAS only taken for the purpose of
stating how aud where the rootlets
would be thrown out from a cut.
ting when planted.
The inherent power of animal
and vegetable organizations to
modify and even change their char
acter and future properties, by their
surroundings, as lie shown by the
egg of the honey.bee, which, by
having the position of the cell In
which it Is enclosed changed, en-
larged and furnished with the re.
quisite food, will produce q queen
bee instead of working one, is
also shown by the blossom bud of
the vine. A bud which, under ia.
vorable circumstances, would pro.
duce . fruit-beariDg limb, and
which In itself contains the EN-.
bryo of the raceme of fruit, will,
under altered circumstances, de-
vel0p into q limb lnstead-of bios
som. Thus 1t is that the buds upon
grape cutting which, II it had
not been separated from the parent
stock, would have produced fruit.
bearing limb, produce only woody
limbs.
The development of one bud and |
the growth Of one branch from o
cutting is far better than q greater
number. In planting cutting
no more than two buds should be
above the ground. The only reas.
on for leaving two buds to send out
limbs IL. that some accident may
destroy one Of the buds; but it 10
by no means certain that this pre-
caution is good policy. The near
or to the ground the new limb
which is to be the main stem,
comes out Of the cutting the better.
That part Of the cutting above
ground will grow more In girth if
II IL only few inches long than il
longer, aud the greater 10 its
length the less will be its growth
10 diameter.
1t has been usually and general
~ considered necessary to plant a
aEa k0 nv the aide nf annb VIM at