davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
me New south
Baltim~o Sun.

Baltim SO sun
Afr Frederick Wolfe, the reprge
sentative Of Brown Exlanger AVID his
associates, who have recently placed
SIS, OO0, 900 cash In his hands for tbs
South, is enthusiastic over the future
of that sections He IS quoted as de-
claring that the people Of the North
have just begun to realize that the
South has awakened to her true inter
ests, and, allowing politics to drop III
to the grave with slavery aad recon-
structiOn, is applying herself to.the fna-
prevement of her material welfare wish
an energy and shrewdness worldly Of
the new country. Mr.. Wolfe says:
that the s25, 009, 600 which the syn
dictate he represents is spending in the
SOuth is only one instance, that not
only are many other rai4suad lines be-
ing built by added capital, but money
in layge blocks is being ia~ested in
lands, cosgon mills, fupaaesss iron
works, lumber mills and various other
enterprises. Mr.. FyoIge's sDHsIasion,.
and he is shrewd judge Of men and
things, is that 'the South Is destined
to. supply the country and good part
of the world not with, raw cotton, but
cotton goods of every variety" and he
thinks ''that the sooner the Massaehu
sets manufacturer realizes this new
rivalry and goes over to it the better
for laHs" The south, old as 1t is, has
Just started, in Mr.. Wolffe's opinion,
a now and splendid deveIopment.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22

WSnt to buy a good nssle.
w. T. AEmistead.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22

BOLIVAR
COTTOS-Middiing ia5z Low9Iiddiing 1914
HIDEss-(ireen 10 ~ cents Dry 10 10 lets
BuTTER-2o cents Eggs IS cents, Chickens 29cts
1 TURK EsYs5-50 30 65 cents.
SEED OATS to - cts
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22

Reeds Gilt Edge Tonic is pusely
Medicinal.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
Cedar Chapel, |
Sept. 10, 1881 !

Sept. 10, 1881
Mr.. Editor; we have had q glori-
Ious rain. Peas, potatees,. turnips,
are greatly benefited and the
ground ready fer wheat and rye.
As crops are short and the schools
in operation, the farmers will have
a good Importantly for making inn
|provements such as better gates,
fences, moro ponds for stock and
fish, but there are springs in the
county bold enough for ponds.
The Whiteville school kaR' bsen
chartered and 1 suppose Cedar
OhapePs soon will be. The char
tering of schools will increase the
trade of Bolivar. The farmers,
have. ben Bawing ss3 kneeling7 al
though not praying for rain, but
picking Gotten. Sore backs, cGus-
ed by bending: after cotton, is the
only complaint here. a young
West Tenn. d. d. was some time
ago bersft of the objeCt of his affec-
tions after the time had been ap-
pointed and fatted calf led to the
block; the calff8 Happy.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22

Reeds Gilt Edge Tonic cures habit
ual Ccstiveness.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
CLOTER-POR'P
Male and Female
ACADEMY,
c1Over-Port Tenn
UOver-POrt

The 18th session begins on the LIST
Monday iasep4., 1881. Surround
ings beautiful. Excellent water and
pure air. For thoroughness Gifts work
in all the Departments, this School
invites comparison with any other
school in the Southwest.
Board So per month. Tuition US
utI zatas. Send. for circular.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
FORsALE.

Three good second hano wagons
w. T. Armistead.
FOR SALE.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
EoR SALE.

10000 Cgpess Boards.
w, T. Armistead,
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22

Aug 4. At. T. A.. FatralI,
p. o. ICONS Sta. Tenn. Principal.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
NOn-Resfdeat Notice.

In the County Court of Hsriema
County, Tennessee. No. 1882 r. d
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22
ELEaANI IEWELRY cHEAP.

4. n. Lambetl, ~. sol'r 81 -
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1881-09-22

/sesssg Yos- Scales EhescFlstttce E-Gss11ss-N
Tefa sffsfssu a sGGfCsFsf rfIf fflEzf1-sEfi JgIs
r lss1E Test fsfsosagf scs,tss sSfs4 eoli g.sies
r fHe ssl1aE afer75ftrsIl e15eTf Ef1eff csEs1 -
restored fe7J egCecf 500 - lLSoa. slEstf IT.
ted {es ire dIsttes s. 5sy gre sc sss y
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02

this narrow domain--until at last il
reaches maturity-bursts asunder It's
prison wall and comes forth a living
wonder-a beautiful four winged fly.
Mr.. Editor, having now introduced
our little friend to orauge-growers, l
herewith submit the following name
and description.
1t may be popuarly known as the
"Tree Plant Bugs Egg Parasite. +"
zele'aonaus Crochynaeng-n. sp.
Female-Length, .05 inch. Browns
black. Head very large, much wider
than thorax, three times as broad as
long, black and slightly shining, mis-
croscopically cracked; ocelh trans.
versely arranged, one back OF each
eye and the other in the center OF
ve:tex, and the surface surrounding
it being depressed; eyes dark brown;
a'ate'ance 1lsjointed,rutow and rather
long, scape little over halt the length
OF tlagellum, dilated; End joint list
joint of fiagellum) large, Sd smallest,
following, gradually widening TO Sth
pubescen,; the others forming large,
broad, denselY pubescent club; thor
rax broader than long, black opaque,
punctate, and appearing brownish in
certain lights; a short medio-dorssl
iurrow, extending from scutellun not
less than ] the length, with two sub.
dorsalturrows,o one on either side of this
extending bait, or slightly more. than
halt the length OF the thorax; scntel-
lum transverse semilunar, black,
smooth and shining, with the poste.
rior margin tringed with short hairs;
punctate; abdomen small,
oval, slightly hattened, black and
shining; basal joint longest; wings
hyaliue, iridescent, with reddish CO.'S
tai veins, and with posterior marging
ciliated; legs rutous, tarse slightly
paler but dark at tip.
l am indebted to Mr.. L. n. Schwarz
and Prof G. V. RlIy Tor indicating
the germs to which this probably be-
longs.
WIN. II. AsHMEAD.
Jacksonville, Fla. Oct. Is, 1881.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02
An Excellent Authority ON the
Orange Business. r I!
Florida Agricu1t,srist:.

IdatoT Florida AgricultsriSt:
Mr.. Manville's excellent article
on the species and varieties of the
cltrous family suggests a few remarks.
In summing up, he speaks of the i'm
sipid, tnick.skinned, early, oblong
variety, but does not describe or
name it in the list. The original
trees were imported by Zephaniah
Kingsley more than fifty years ago,
and planted at Orange Mills. Seed>
llngs raised from them nearly always
produce the round fruit; whence we
may conclude that this oblong variety
is sport, perpetuated by budding,
and in the seed reverting back to its
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02
D0ct0r Nichols and the Muck De.
Editor Florida AgTiculturGlist


Editor Florida AgriculturGlist
notice an article iii which he
speaks of Dana's Muck Manuel, as "a
little book published by q lowell
chemist, employed in dyein.: estab>
lishment," ana this book is full Of
errors and absurdities, and had led
the farmers into more serious expend
iture without satisfactory results than
any book on manures ever written
and proceeds in mystical yaporing
way to say how, and why. Now It
is not my purpose to defend DIR Sam>
uel L. Dana, or his Manuel, even if it
seemed to be required of anyone, but
it lis due to the public, and to his
memory to say that am an uu-
believer in DIR. Nichols ability to
judge the man or his writings. My
knowledge OF DR.. Dana dates back
fifty years and prior to the time when
he became the chemist at the corpor.
ations OF Lowell; aud 1t was while
he had charge OF the largest chemi>
cal works in the county, that / had
the pleasure Of listening to his teach
ings. Who DR.. Dana was, is well
known. What DR.. Nichols is, may
perhaps be inferred from his barn
floor lecture; but if he is to be judged
by such medley OF fact and fancy and
fugacity,the writer at least, must class
him with Agassiz's non.observers,
and think that he may have mistaken
his vocation. 1t is not my intention to
discuss his merits, or that OF his lee.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02

ture knowing my inability, but will
only give few extracts and running
comments to show that his house Of
glass should have been better protec.
ted, and as preliminary to the amuck
allusion: on page ten he says ''that an
animal in milk like cow, cannot
yield excrement OF high value"
Practical men say that it depends on
the kind of food she eats; if rich, the
manure is rich, same page. "Bones
must be rendered soluble in water
before they can enter plant strac>
ture," mooted question, and the
writer thinks the evidence about
equal, page II. That the great bulk
OF vegetable structure comes from
the air." Not proven by Gray or
anyone else that the writer has ever
heard OF; If it were the case, it is hard
to see how the world has increased
in fertility, since the Azoic age.
Thus, the theory that the'earth's ter~
tility depends on the disintegration OF
the primordiai granite, is pleasantly
brushed aside with butterfy's wing;
finally Tor the lecture, page 36. .'Lime
must always be applied to the soil IN
its caustic state, because it forms a
soluble humate OF lime ETC." This
is simply incorrect; he might as well
have said soluble Roman cement. else
why does he limit the quantity to
two bushels to the cord OF muck. why
not two barrels, or bulk Tor bulk, if
caustic lime is harmless.
The soil needs lime, and the more
the better, should be the rule tor
harmless fertilizers. His remark in
this connection is OF no consequences.
only to show how careless a man NAV
be ao/se'a ne as educated ~ 1t; and 60
hold DR.. Dana Responsible for the
inability OF farmers TO distinguish
good muck from poor, seems TO be
doing him some injustice. He was
probably well aware that much OF 1t
neld as low as five per cent. of Or
ganic matter, and that some would
rank above ninety per cent, running
parallel with Florida in ali respects
except quantity Of the latter. While
that which he holds up to ridicule.
as holding only thirty per cent, and
tone well calculated TO deceive"
might impress some as likely to ben.
eht land containing less than three
per cent. in Massachusetts, as well as
IN Florida. He says it "holds no
available plant food, although it con.
talns some nitrogep,ssand corbona-
ceous clements" by which, If he
means anything, that those two ele>
menls are pure, and therefore not
| available. 1t is hardly conceivable,
but perhaps he can figure it out on
his famous blackboard. But enough
has been said TO caution farmers no:
to place too much reliance on those
who are determined to establish the
assumption that mineral salts are
complete manures, and TO ali farmers
and chemists who cannot, among
such chaos OF evidence, determine
nothing short OF actual experiment
will suffice, and even then some may
be like the oblivious man in the fight
who didn't see or hear much of any
thing. f a-t41 BOSTON,.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02

oeing conclusive proof OF genuine
ness. Nor can the Duroy always be
distinguished by the stripes OF light
and dark green, or the longitudinal
ribs, after the fashion of muskmelon.
l have trees Of this variety, that some
seasons are literally ribbed and
splashed, while in others not mark
can be found.
MIR. Manville states that the Tar
diff or "Hart's Late" does not differ
materially from number of varieties
he enumerares. There must be a
mistake here, tor the Tardiff is one
OF the most distinct of all oranges.
ANY one conversant with the orange
could hardly fail to recognize it by
touch and at sight; certainly not the
moment he applied it to his mouth.
nave truited it six or more wears.
and found its peculiar characteristics
always the same. The skin is of a
whitish yellow; the pulp deep gol>
den hue, not pale as with the Durov.
and almost seedless. The tissues
enveloplng the pulp are thin, but very
tough, the rind is also thin and
tough, and it is probably owing to
this toughness of the outer and inner
envelopes that the juices are retained
in perfection so long. Year after
year l have seen it hanging on the
tree till August and September, in
prime condition. solid and heavy as
rubber ball, and as fresh and plump
as when the green first changed to
gold. 1t is not uniform in size, but
varies on the same tree from small to
very large. In shape it inclines to
oval, and is often as elongated as
kingsley's oblong. The flavor harsh
and sourstat first, begins to tone
down about the moAth of March, and
by early summer it becomes one of
the sweetest of oranges, without los.
ing crisp sprightliness, and lap<-
ins into insipidity. Persons who
have never tasted this variety during
the summer months when it reaches
the acme Of perfection, can have but
Iaint conception of its excellence
at that time. To offset these good
qualities, it has always borne small,
though regular crops, if may except
the present season, in which the trees
are we'll loaded. I may add that
besides the loss aad diminution from
various other causes, fruit left on the
tree till midsummer is liable to be
more or less injured by being Sucked
by insects. thereby iessening the
amount OF juice next the rind, and
often causing it to drop, so that it
must needs bring a high price to be
equally profitable with earlier sorts,
t E. H. HART.
EederaS Point, F7a., Oct. Is.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02
DeLand Vousa County, Florida Wednesday, November 1884,

parent. Mr.. Parsons, of Flushing,
brought down an orange that appears
identical with that OF Kingsley in
every particular, with the exception
OF being a truer and more elongated
oval, instead Of the somewhat pyri.
form shape of the latter. This is
probably the St. Michaers Egg. Now
this oblong orange becomes sweet
and palatable several weeks before
others are ripe enough to eat, for
which reason it has been raised to
meet the demand ior an early fruit,
but as soon as other oranges are in
season it tails into the back ground
by reason of its insipidity or lack of
sprightliness. An extra early orange
would be decided acquisition, be.
cause the supply from Europe tails
off before ours are ready for ship.
ment, thereby leaving the market
bare during short period when even
indifferent fruit would command
highly remunerative price.
+ or years l have been on the qui
0S0e to discover variety combining
the sprightly flavor, smooth skin, and
large size OF the round, with the ear.
ly ripening of Kingsley's oblong.
After truiting the Homosassa tor
several seasons, / am forced to con.
clude that, although most superior
kind, it is yet no earlier than the
average. In the Nonpareil, however,
K have hee1agreeably disappointed.
/ had set that down tor mid.season
orange, but find that every year it
will do to gather as soon as it turns
yellow, i'll fact, as soon as Kingsley's
oblong, to which, in every respect, it
is tar superior, being very sweet, del
icate and aromatic, and retaining its
good qualities Tor longer, time, be-
sides being an equally heavy bearer
and far more vigorous grower. Right
here | may mention as a singular cir
cumstance, that when other oranges
were but slightly dessicated by the
frost OF last winter, the Nonpareils
wherever they happened to be, were
left with scarcely drop OF juice in
them. The trees, however, exhibited
no marks of injury. Now, who will
come forward with something CONS
bining all the good qualities Of the
Nonpareii with quicker maturity?
We often see tstated that the Ma.
vel can never tail TO be recognized in
market by its peculiar mark. True it
is, that an orange without the mark
is not a Navel, but the presence Of
the mark is by no means a proof OF
genuineness. When the bloom OF
other oranges has been in contact
with the pollen OF the Navel, the
mark often appears on them, and so
plainly as to out Herod Herod. A
few Navel trees scattered through
a grove will thus be the cause of the
production of numbers OF similar
oranges on those adjacent. Since the
Navel belongs to what Mr.. Manville
calls the China class, trees OF this
class are more readily affected by its
proximity. I saw last winter small
tree of the early oblong, bearing be-
tween one and two hundred fruits,
euery one OF which bore the Navel
mark in bold, John Hancock style. A
branch of the Navel in tree OF the
Maltese Blood, will not unlikely
make Navels of them all. So we see
that this trade mark is very far from
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02

On a Parasite Bred from the. Eggs
of the Orange Tree Plant Bug;
Being Another Insect Friend OF
the Orange Grower.
Editor Of The Florida Agricutmist:
On pages SO and 40 of my pamph'
let on "Orange Insects" is described
/ a ant-bug often captured on orange
trees. ~
The species bears the scientific
name Brochynae,ao 0rborea, given to
it many years ago by Thomas Say.
Like many other insects, its early
stages are yet unknown.
In going over my orange trees
many weeks ago discovered clus-
ter OF twenty>three eggs, securely
fastened to the upper surface Of an
orange leaf, and which, am satisfied,
are the eggs of the above species.
These were somewhat barreled-
shaped, with the edges of the top
and bottom rounded off, perfectly
smooth, and OF greenish white coll
or. Surrounding the marginal Sdge
at top, was a row of minute, elevated
dots giving it most beautiful ap>
pearance, and which readily distin-
guish it from other eggs.
Removing these carefully, placed
them away in breeding-box to
await developments.
When 10! on opening the box
several days later imagine my sur,
prise--,o perceive-hot what was
expected-young pIant-bugs, but
several little, wonderful, broad head.
ed, tour~winged flies!
These diminutive specimens of
insect life were evidently as much
surprised at the sight of me as l at
them, and my huge and astonished
countenance created as much conster.
nation amongst them as did Gulliver
among the Lilliputians.
Moreover they exhibited their
surprise in a remarkable manner
by running swiftly about in the box
and rapidly vibrating their antennea;
and again siding up to each other,
putting their heads together and
touching each others teelers, and in
these and other ways demonstrated
my presence and doubtlessly COM
munioated ideas respe cling my pres
ence and personal appearance.
These little flies are beneficial, and
belong to family closely allied to
the Cha2cididB termed by entomol>
ogists Proctrotaqpidce. In habits they
are similar to the chalcids, being Par
asltic in the eggs, larvae and pup@ OF
other insects.
The female of our proctrotrupld
friend referred to above, is a close
attendant upon the plant~bug and
follows 1t from place to place. AS
soon as the plant>bug has laid her
cluster of eggs, and while they are
fresh. and tender, our diminutive
friend mounts upon the top Of one
thrusts from beneath her abdomen
her ovipositor-which she stabs into
the plant bugs egg-penetrating
it TO the center, at the same time de-
posting her own egg therein.
Mounting one after another, she
continues her good work until she
has deposited into each single egg
The larva which hatches therefrom
finds food and sustenance in the
albuminous substance OF the plant"
bugs eggs-living and passing thro'
its various transformations within
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-11-02

- - DIR. S. A. Wauchope has teosinthe
growing in his yard which has four>
teen stools or sprouts from ten to
twelve feet high, and these are throw.
ing out sprouts and additional suck
ers. 1t resembles millet, except that
the top preserves the appearance of
a grass by the blades remaining clus~
tered, at distance hill of this plant
resembles cabbage plametto. Cows
ana horses are said to be very fond
OF 1t. The Doctor intends to pre>
serve some of the seed, which are
said to grow on an ear like corn, but
In appearance resembles bean. 1t
is certainly vigorous forage plant
and it hay is an object worth planting
for, it deserves a fair trial in
State.-RepOrter. our
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1881-12-30
Church Dlrce,sry.


Y.P. G. A.-Meets at their rooms in Fos-
tors brick building on Wednesday evenings
at I 80 o'clock, and on Sabbath afternoons at
4 Business meetings arc held on the oven.
ing of the second Monday in each month.
Everybody invited to attend.
u. T. Church. u.--preachins every Sabbath,
at IL A. NJ. and r. N. by Rev. 2. q. Ir-
vine. ID. d. Sabbath School at ESQ p. n.
Prayer meeting every Thursday evening.
EvASaElcAL CnuncH.-p Preaching ON Sab.
bath at IL a. NJ, aud a T. N. Sabbath
School 1915. Prayer meeting every Thurs.
day evening. ". c. kantnor, pastor.
CoNoREGAroNALC CHURCH. H.--Sorvioesovery
Sabbath at IL A. NJ. and S +. NJ. Sabbath
Sohool at $50 Prayer meeting on
Thursday evening of each week. J. w.
Harris, pastor.
NJ. T.. CuuRcH, SouTn, Services every
Sabbath at St paul's NJ. l.. Church, South,
at II A. N. and II 7. Nj. Sabbath School
at l2h T. N, Prayer meeting every Thurs
day evening NJ. G. Miller, pastor.
NJ. +. CHURCH. u.-Proaehing every Sabbath
at II a. N. and n z. II. Song service II
the evening before sermon. Sabbath Sehoo
1t $50 7. NJ. Prayer meeting every Thurs
lay evening. !. Dillon. pastor.
PRESBYTERIAN CRuRcu. u.-Servieo every
Sabbath morning aud evening IN Colleg'
Chapel. Sunday School Immediately ritter the
morning service. Prayer meeting every
Thursday evening. Rev. Isaac H. Condit
pastor.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1881-12-30

Mr. Hamilton of Shreveport, Lou
isiana, states that be. finds cotton seed
meal scarcely inferisr to guano as a
fertilizer and invaluable as a food for
cattle. In exchanging meal for seed
one ton of the former is given for 2 +
tons of the ATE. Another farmer
says that he has demonstrated by ac-
tual experiment on a farm in Connec-
ticut that the meal is the best ferti-
lizer ever u.ed on tobacco lands, trip
ling their E-oductive capacity in three
years, and as cattle food it is superi.
or to any. Ssi ! another authority as
serts that he has largely increased the
production of cotton op poor lands by
the use of cottoD-seed meal as ferti-
lizer.