The Iola register., 1881-09-30
Special and General Farming.

Special and General Farming.
Landowners who give but little per-
sonal attention to the management Of
their land, or only at particular seasons
OF the year. sometimes devote it wholly
to some particular crops. This may
answer for a few years, but the land
must soon become exhausted unless fer
tlilzers are purchased OF green crops
plowed in. Better success attends the
practice of making special animals
prominent. as for example all cattle,
or all sheep, as the owners may deem
most profitable. These, consuming the
vegetable products, furnish manure
enough to keep the farm in sufficient
! state of fertility. But those who intend
to make farming regular business,
and who do not desire the annoyance
ct an excessive crowd of work at GER
tain periods and the hiring of many
day hands to carry the extra work
through such emergencies, may so ar
range their crops, and the work that
attends their management, as to dis
tribute the labor evenly through the year.
giving them the advantage of hired men
who continue through the season, and
who understand the requirements of the
farm much better than temporary day
laborers. Regular and continued labor
is cheaper and more profitable than
transient and broken supplies; the oper-
ations of the year move on more uni
fOrmly and with less constant care in
snf fho :oI,
do the work are more regularly sup
piled. This matter is well understood
by many managers, but others have
given it less attention, few general
hints on the subject are offered by way
Z of suggestion to them.
The work of the year begins in win
ter. part Of which time may be occu.
pied in threshing the wheat in the well
stored barns, instead of hurrying them
. to market early in autumn. To avoid
the labor of drawing out manures in
spring when other work is pressing,
and to prevent cutting up and poaching
the soft ground at that season. the
teams may be employed to draw it out
and spread it on the fields in winter as
it eccumalates aud while the ground is
frozen hard. We have shown on for
mer occasions that winter spread ma
nure for sod-corn land gives larger
return in the crop than by spreading in
spring. Other winter work consists in
preparing tools for the opening of the
arations which will occur to every OBJ
servant owner.
For regular movement of operations
as soon as spring opens. nothing is
more important than well underdrained
fields, so that heavy rains may not rem
der the land so wet that it cannot be
plowed or cultivated. Oats and barley
60 in at the earliest preparation, and
then the ground is put in shape for
corn. If a part of the corn field is
planted with an early sort, and part
with dent or later variety, or else with
a space of two weeks between the two
portions Of the field, the labor of cut
ting up and securing in autumn will
not be all required at once. After corn
the thicker fodder crops are sown at
intervals. Between the planting of
these crops and harvest, the attention.
must be largely given to keeping them
perfectly clear of weeds.
{ The earliest cutting of crops will be-
gin with clover for hay: then harvest
ing wheat; then cutting barley and
, oats; and if an undue proportion of
either grain crop has not been sown,
but little hiring Of day hands will be
required. Some persons find it advan-
tageous to SOW two kinds of oats. ripen-
ing week apart-as for example, the
] common sort, which ripens first. and
4 the White Russian, which natures
week later.
1t will be seen that if the preceding
crops are properly distributed as to
quantity, yearly uniform amount of
labor will be furnished to the teams.
As soon as the sown grain crops are
harvested, all the manure left over
from spring, and too coarse at that time
should be drawn out and spread on the
meadows, or on sod ground intended
for corn the coming year. Then will
follow the preparation of land for win
ter grain; then the cutting of the corn
crop, and the corn fodder before or after
wards; the gathering of fruit, and husk-
. ing and securing of crops generally.
We have given brief outline of most
of the work in connection with tillage
require more time in winter than in
summer, but at all times they must OF
coarse receive careful attention. BY
proper arrangement and adjustment of
the labors of the farm. which few
years of experience will enable any OBJ
servant manager to adopt, the yearly
operations may be made to move on
like regularly running machine, with
q fair amount of satisfaction to the own
er as well as for his ultimate profit, and
without the anuoyances, durries. and
fluctuations incident to badly ar
ranged system.-Country Gentleman.
Fall Setting Of Raspberries and Black
berries.
Our experience has been such that
hereafter our setting of blackberries
and raspberries will be done in the fall,