davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28
5uurnaI allo Gourier.
Monday Morning, Nov. sS, 1881.
EVIDENCE AGAINsT A THEORY.

EVIDENCE AGAINST THEORY.
 Some great men and many little ones have asserted that education is not preventive of crime, and this theory is now quite generally accepted by the minimizing. At a late meet ing of the National Educational Association in Philadelphia it came up for discussion, and one debater boldly asserted that sixty per cent of the convicts confined in the Phila- delphia prisons in 1879 were high school graduates. The debate which followed this assertion led to an investigation by Dr Wick ersham, State superintendent of public in- struction in Pennsylvania, and the results of that investigation are interesting and encour- aging.
 Dr. Wickersham discovered that the man who asserted that in 1879 sixty per cent. of the convicts confined in the Philadelphia prisons were high school gradual was egre giously in error. In that year the Eastern penitentiary in Philadelphia had 4s7 convicts. Five claimed to have attended ''colleges. :" Seven had attended high schools for an aver age length of two years. None of the rest had ever risen above the grammar grades, nor had eighty-two of the 487 ever attended
 
 463 convicts had attended high schools, but none of them long enough to graduate. In all Pennsylvania in 1879, there were 2,307 prison convicts, only thirteen of whom were reported by theState board of charities to have received high school or college educa- tion Instead of sixty per cent of the pris- oners being high school graduates, as was alleged it thus appears that only about one half of one per cent of all the prisoners in the State were contributed by high schools and colleges.
 Dr. Wickersham found, further, that of the 799 convicts in the two Pennsylvania State penitentiaries in 1879, IA were wholly illiterate. Of the 722 in 1880, 151 were wholly illiterate That is, about one-sixth of the prisoners were illiterates. The illiterates of an age to be sent to penitentiaries do not of the State. The illterate thirtieth of the population commit sixth of all the crime. Workhouse statistics for 1879 show further that of 2,307 admissions 612, or over one quarter, were illiterate. This illiterate thir- tieth of the population of Pennsylvania not only supplies one sixth of the criminals but also more than one fourth of the paupers.
 It is probable that similar investigation in any of our States or in any country would produce similar results Dr. Wickershsn has done the cause of truth and of education 8 good service
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28


 The well informed Washington correspond ent of the Boston Adoertiser thinks there is excellent reason for believing that the exis t. ing reports of threatening relations between this country and Chili are the direct out growth of 8 gigantic Washington lobby scheme. The American claims against Peru on account of guano grant are now owned by syndicate of capitalists and politicians, with headquarters for operations established in Washington. These claims are now re- ported as having been run up to something like thousand millions, and scrip repre- senting millions has been issued for use in Washington and elsewhere in inducing the the part of Chili toward Peru as will protect these claims. Persons in Washington who have had some opportunities of gaining in formation in regard to this matter believe that an understanding has been reached with President Calderon, of Peru, that he will dis charge these claims in case the United States stands by him. There is much feeling in Washington among public men over our South American relations, and what was at first treated with little atten- tion is now regarded with apprehension The existence of the gigantic lobby scheme mentioned above causes grave suspicion to at tach to all that has been done in the. matter statement which is believed to be part ot the scheme, designed for effect in Chiii, has gained circulation, to the effect that several o our ships of war have been ordered to pre- ceed to the coast of South America, and further, that negotiations are in progress for the purchase by this government of iron clads abroad. Secretary Hunt has said that he has no knowledge whatever of anything of the kind
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

.tThe Label and Trade Mark of 8 well known aud responsible manufacturer is the best protection the rublic can have" .'DR- MOTT, t'Government Chemist" Awarded the Highest Premium by the American In
 stitute
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

Judge Cox is receiving great deal of se- were criticism for the undignifed way in which the trial of Guiteau is going on. Henry Ward Beecher in his Thanksgiving cile judge" Such criticism is unjust. The judge seems to be doing his best to insure the prisoner fair trial and further the ends of justice.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

It is probable that the question of regulat- ing Chinese immigration will come up in Congress this winter and that some legisla- ti n will be proposed to render effective the ne Chinese treaty on that subject Captain Julius Palmer. jr-, of Boston, who has stud jed this subject thoroughly, points out that the Chinese all come to this country from tue British port of Hong Kong, and that England will not be likely to assent quietly to the suppression of trade which brings thousands of tons of shipping to one of her seaports. We may prevent our vessels from bringing immigrants, but, like most of our nautical legislation, such an act would only benefit foreign ship-owners. An English or German ship claims the right to land 800 passengers from British port at an Ameri can port, and there is really no difference whether they come from Queenstown or from Hong Kong, except in the nationality of the immigrants. Capt. Palmer asserts that we can only settle this matter, if we settle it at all, by the co operation and with the consent of the British government
 At the ranquet recently given by the St.
 
 Paul Chamber of Commerce to the Minne- sota Legislature in honor of the action of the latter in passing bill to pay fifty cents on dollar on certain bonds of the State whose validity and binding character were clearly acknowledged by the very act that partially satisfied the obligation, Gov. Pills bury addressed this body of repudiators, tell ing them how proud they ought to be of themselves and how proud he was of them In his speech he said f.I am aware that certain journals outside our State now claim that this settlement is half repudiation To this reply, and it should be distinctly un- derstood that the settlement is satisfactory to the bondholders. and was made through their earnest solicitations. It can in no wise be claimed that this settlement is half repu- d,ation, for it was based upon the proposi- ton of the bondholders themselves, and was honorably accepted by the State, and is a set clement which our people have never before
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28
THE ]" WILSONIA"
NO. 6 ELM STREET.
DR. Is. w. FISKE.

CIairvOyant Physician and Magnetic
 Healer, Business and Test Medium. nFFICE No 27o Chapel street, New Haven, Conn, NJ where he can be consulted regularly every month from the morning o5 the 10th until the 22d at 9p. m.
 Ofhce hours from a m. to g p. m.
 All who need any counsel or treatment are invited to call. The Doctor has the gift to describe every pain and secret disease at sight, and with his vegeta ble edicin and hetling power combined is enabled cure all kinds of diseases in shor time. The Doc tor has had thirty years experience healer and physician, as thousands can testify to the many as tonish ng cures he hss performed
 The Doctor also gives valuable advice business matters, and all the affairs of life, both social and financial -------.--
 He will tell you if success diversity awaits you, also of journeys gaus losses absent friends and great success in selecting lucky numbers. Ali should yonsuli him. He is always reliable.
 Sittings fofbusiness affairs examination of the sick, sl. Communications by letter upon business or health must contain S2, age, sex, lock of hair and stamp Address Lock Box 125S Norwich, Ot. For further particulars sand astanp and get circu lar.
 TAKE NoTICE-The Doctor can be consulted at the Byxbee House, Meriden, Ct, three days, eing NOV. 23d Also he will be at Smiths Hotel Wa terbury, Ct, four days, commencing Nov. 27th.
 npS d&w
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28
NN. MONDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER

been willing to make respecting the other measures pertaining to the administration "HonorabIy accepted by the State" is good.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

The outlook for the winter in regard to smallr FOX is not encouraging The dreaded disease has made it's appearance in quite a number of places in various parts of the country, and it will be difficult, if not impos- sible, to stamp it out.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

Hon. John M. Hall, of Windham who will be Speaker of the House, is 39 years old. He was first elected to the Legislature in 1870, and was re elected in 1871 ?. He is an able debater and an excellent parliamentarian.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28
JOHNSON & BRO., All 6 4I3 State St.,
 CORNER COURT,

Offer ct reasonable rates 100 bbs HaxaIl and Palma Flour 50 bbls Greenine. Baldwin, King and Northern Spy Apples, new Dehesa Raisins, stem and loose, in fuIl half and quarter boxes; eifron and Chr rants, new Paper Shell Almonds and new Greenoble nuts very choice new Figs and Malaga Grapes, fine French prunes in glass and bulk also stuffed Prunes in pound boxes, variety of Crystazed Fruit, Fori da Oranges, full assortment of Perrys Fruit in glass, Peaches in glass large stock Canned Goods Edam, Roquefort, English, Dairy, Neufchatel and fine Factory Cheese, fine butter, full and complete stock of English Pickes, Queen and Crescent Olives sances French Peas Mushrooms. Oils. Salads, finest Mocha. Java, Rio and Maracaibo coffee choice Teas Of every kind, GOLD LACK, Piper Heidsick, Mumm's and other Champagne, fine sherries, For and Madeira, imported and domestic Clears fuI stock.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28
EDITORIAL NOTES.

The auxiliary letter carriers, who have only $4OO a year, are to petition Congress for better pay. Their petition should be grant ed. for they work hard.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

Purity and Strength Gaaranteed.
 ASK YOUR GROCER FOR
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

The voluntary and substantial reduction in rents made by English landlords is doing much to soothe the ruffied tempers of the farmers and to quen agitation. Earl Fitz- william has just remitted half years rent to all tenants on his English estates, and has made substantial abatements to his Irish ten ants The duke of Newcastle has given an abatement of twenty per cent all rents due to him, and the duke of Bedford is hay ing an indepen lent valuation made of his property, with view of allowing those who hold from him permanent reductions. This iberality, which, though ma erial to the farmers, is but trifling matter to men of boundless wealth, is much resented by small proprietors, heavily. incumbered and with but small margin to live on, and conse- quently unable to make abatements.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

The Pennsylvania Board of Pardons made rather gloomy joke at it's recent meeting. In place of taking action in the case of two men condemned to be hung, it was resolved that if the prisoners shall not have been exc cuted before the next meeting of the Board the case will be inquired into.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-11-28

The Hartford Post hopes that if we have mounted police they will be more useful than they were in Hartford. As New Haven is larger than Hartford they will have chance to he
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1881-10-08
THE CREDIT SYSTEM.

The credit system l. one Of the most pernicious
evils which aillict community. IL is detrimsn-
tai alike ~ the interest Of the seller and the buyer
Bad debts have devoured the fortunes Of thous
ands OF once prosperous merchants aud left them
hopelessly in bankruptcy aud large debts have
turned Thousands from mansions into novels. and
clothed with rags backs which have worn broad
cloth and canels hair. system which thus itn-
poverishes all classes. must Of result in the
general depression Of trade aud to the universal
injury Of people. An establishment which has
sold goods for uncertain promises until the sheriff
can no longer resist the pressing invitation to
take what 10 left. is certainly never reckoned in
munity, and n store whose shelves are loaded with
merchandise, but 10 among people whose extrav-
agance, engendered and fostered by the credit
system, has plunged them into bankruptcy, will
never add much to the prosperity Of Itself OF its
neighborhood. There is never any remarkable
business activity In poor house, and most peo-
pie have always concluded that this lack Of enter
prise In such place is because Of is being apoor
house. Money Is highly necessary motive pow
er In trade. But the credit system has tenden-
cy 10 eat up both money aud merchandise. II
has probably not escaped the notice Of the observ-
ing that there Is in every community n class Of
merchants who strcnuously advocate n credit In
preference to u cash system. This at first sight
looks remarkably strange, but on second thought
IL appears IN an entirely different light. These
men are not generally over conscious, and they
very truthfully argue that y man or woman will
buy more. are much more liable TO buy what they
do not need. and will pay better prices under the
credit system than IL they were compelled 90 pay
cash and exactly here l. where the danger arises
People contract debts without knowing Il, aud u
they pay them they bankrupt themselves, and
when they do not they bankrupt tho trader. In
any event, the system has n direct tendency TO
make everybody committed to IL poorer.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1881-10-08
PASTE DIAMONDS.

An exchange has the following on paste dia.
monds, which are simply glass Of great purity
When imitation diamonds were introduced, 10 was
found that 20 cut glass precisely like n diamond
did not produce the sparkle characteristics Of the
diamond; therefore TO secure this the Hat surface
the top Of the diamond was made py ramidal on
the imitation, and, OF course, ended In q point
BY certain laws cf light this pyramidai surmount.
ing Of the glass provided for the required distri-
button Of ray surface to produce the diamond
sparkle, or something akin 20 il. real diamond
Is never Gu; with the pointed apex, and hence il
was possible always TO distinguish the real from
the spurious. hut after time the buying public
learned this little circumstance about the cutting
process, and other means were resorted 10. The
setting of many diamonds IL arranged in such
way that the buyer may sec the under side Of the
gems This was overcome by arranging the set
ting 10 prevent inspection Of this kind, which
could not be done unless the stone was dismount'
ell. IL We may use that term.
With these facts known to the buyer Of dia.
monds. he need not be deceived except in the lat
ter case where the setting hides the under surface
and if he has any doubt about that he can let u
alone. But the object Of imitation diamonds 10
not 10 deceive buyers; iii was they would not be
offered Tor two dollars. No one, however deficient
10 diamond criticism, need be deceived In buying
diamonds. No dealer Of any repute ever attempts
90 sell imitation for real diamonds. No reputable
man ever thought Of Il. His reputation and oe-
cupation would soon be gone. There very few
persons who buy trinkets who do not test their
wares at other than the buying place. particularly
if the gem l. a costly one and Il Is certain that
one presented with jewelry of presuma-
bic worth who did not set out nj once 20 learn It's
purity and value. and very disappointing IL has
doubtless been 60 find In some cases that the gold
or diamond was only brass or glass.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1881-10-08
FORMS OF LIGHTNING.

A fash of lightning 10 u very large spark of
electricity, same thing that given
BY an electric machine in a lecture on Natural
Philosophy, the only difference being that the best
machine will not give spark more than yard
long. while some flashes Of lightning have been
estimated 10 be several miles in length. Accord
ing to their appearance, various names have been
given to these sparks In the sky though in reality
al the several kinds and the same thing.
On . warm summer evening one often sees the
clouds on the horizon lii up with brilliant glows
Of lightning, unaccompanicd by any sound Of
thunder. To this appearance the name Of 'heat.
lightning" has beer given. and the warm weather
L. often assigned as IL cause. In point Of fact the
heat lightning IL only that Of thunder shower
FAR Of, that, while the observer can sec the fash.
no sound of thunder reaches him. and the inter
vening clouds veil and reflect the ash until Il be-
comes n glow, instead Of the sharp streak usually
seen. Where the fash, starting from one point.
branches out and divides into several parts Il has
received the name of "foTked lightning" This is
usually seen when the discharge il near the Oh
server. Single flashes bearing zigIag or erinkied
aspect are dcnominated "chain ligh,nng." proba-
bly, from their resemblance 10 n chain thrown
loosely on the ground. Again, when several dis
charges occur from about the same place at the
same time. and are screened by rain clouds so
~ 10 light mp the heavens with broad, bright
glow, the title of "sheet lightning is applied
These four comprise all the common forms. There
u, howe or, one rare manifestation, called bal-
| lightning" In this phenomenon n small globe or
ball Of apparent ere rolls slowly along the ground.
aud after time suddenly explodes. scattering
destruction around. There are lew instances Of
this record, aud no very satisfactory eSpiana-
tion has ever accounted for this curious appear
aucc.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1881-10-08
MEDICINAL QUALITIES IN BUTTER
MILK.

For summer beverage there can DO nothing
more healthy and strengthening than butteTmilk.
IL Is excellent for weak or delicate stomachs, and
lar better n dinner drink than coffee, tea
water, and, unlike them, does not retard, but
rather aids digestion. A celebrated hysician
once said that if every one knew the value Of
buttermilk as n drink, II would DO more freely
partaken Of by persons who drink so excessively
Of other beverages; and further compared its ef-
feets upon the system TO the clearing out Of cook
stove that has been closged up with ashes that
have sifted through, filling up every creviec and
crack, saying that tho human system is like
stove and collects and gathers refuse matter that
can In no way be exterminated from the system
so edectuaily a. by drinking buttermiik. IL Is
also specific remedy for indigestion, soothes and
quiets the nerves, and ia very somnolent to those
who are troubled with sieepiessness. There is
something strange In the fact that persons who
fond Of buttsrnaiik never tirs of singing its
praises, while those who not fond Of it never
weary Of wondering how some people can drink u.
SO far as possible, people should overcome their
aversion to Il and learn to drink Il for health's
sake. One gentleman Of our acquaintance IL So
extremely fond Of it that we knew him tins
20 drink about three glasses, then set his glass
down with n thud, exclaining earnestly as he
smacked his lips, "Thats food and raiment both !"
while another bu,iermik enthusiast made :he
statement once that where the liver had become
lifeless from t0rpidity and inaction, and IL too
dead TO perform its functions. buitermilk will
cause = new one TO grow in. Whatever exagger-
ated statements may have been made concerning
buttermilk. its medical properties cannot be
rated, and Il should be more freely used by all
who can get IL. Every one who values good health
should drink buttcrmilk every day in warm
weather. and let tea, coffee and water alone. For
the benefit Of those who arc not already aware Of
IL, may add that, in the churning, the fret pro-
cess Of digestion 10 gone through, making II the
easiest and quickest Of all things 10 digest. II
makes gastric juice and contains properties that
readily assi,nila,c with II, with little wear
upon the digestive organs.-HaTs JoHraai cf
H.oIL
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1881-10-08
The Gate Aiar.

Did you ever hear two married women take
leave Of each other at the gate a mild evening
This is how they do Il:
"Good. Bye
"Good. bye, Come down and see US soon
81 will. Good-bye!"
"Good-bye. Don't forget TO come SOON
"No, won't. Don't yen forget TO como up"
"I won't. he sure and bring Sarah Jane with
you next time
al will. I'd have brought her up this time, but
she wasn't very we'll. She wanted TO come awfally.
"Did she nowl That was too bad! De sure aud
bring her next time"
~ will, and you be sure and bring the baby"
"I will. l forgot 10 tell you that he's cut an
other tooth"
"You don't say so. How many has he now p
"Five. II makes hm swfuliy cross"
81 dare say Il does, this hot weather. Well.
good bye Don't forget To come down."
"No. won't. Don't you forget 10 come up
Good-byer
And fhev soDarafe.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1881-10-08
Apprentice Boys.

The Hanover Spectator strikes the nail squarely
ON the head in it, article on apprentices!
"Thcrc a time, not many years ago, when
boys were bound out to tradesmen for term Of
years. That time has passed. We live In an age
quite different. boys are not bound out they
are hired for period much shorter, and they
finish their trades much in fact. Il is hard
60 find boy who will stay three years at q trade.
II he stays year he l. doing well, aud after that
time he starts forth ull-hedsei workman--or
rather hslf.hedged bangler. This Is fast age.
you will remember. and the boys know Il aud feel
il. hut the wholesome rule of apprenticeship
that in vogue when we were boys should be
IN vogue to- day then We would have better me-
chanirs. fewer half woIkmen and tramPs. weare
opposed to slavery, but We are In favor Of . sys-
tea that will keep our boys at good trades under
competent workmen or instructors. Compel your
boys To learn honorable trades. and teach them N
love work. lis noble to be q master Of . trade.
but abouinabie 20 be - iary hanger-on."