New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1881-10-16
CAREERS IN England AND AMERICA.
From The Londnn Spectalor.

From The Loudon Spectator.
Within the last twcuty-oue years three American
Presidents have attracted English attention 10 Sncn
degree that their histories, their characters and
those of any Cabinet Ministers. EnQIishmen know
Mr. Lincoln. General Grant and General Garfield
az they know Sir Robert Peel, Lord Clyde, or Mr;
Forster. Not one o. the three has been a man of
fortune or has, indeed. possessed anything like
competence while two have died poor men.
Mr.. Lincoln, unil his lection, lived upon
his earnings a. a lawyer; and when he died, alter
nix wears OF the Presidency, he left his widow 80
little th1t subscription was raised for her by his
friends. and an application WAS made to Congress
for pension. General Grant, when he was called
TO active service, was TAR from pTOSperOuS-had IN
deco. scarcely anything except his income from n
small busincss-aud though he has received large
the Union for eight years he has sri 10 suppl cmcnt
his pension by work ~ chairman OF cor
puratlons. General Garfield when he died was
found to be possessed oi $1,000, consisting chiefly
OF farm probably Oyer-yJlucd o. TO acres, which
he cultivated himself ont OF MS salary "a, President
hr had effected an insurance for $1,000 more, but
even with That adti ion line whole properly lett be-
hind uu va, only Liu,UOO. The facts are interest
Wp. Cor two reasons They show that the pursuit
81 poliuc, ~ America, even when the p"liclah -
successful, J. moi, cor an honest man. paving pro-
fC~-pu; and that career, are t. .Ily open IN me
United states. uof only to the low born, bIi T. IN"
poor They ar not 1t Is rue, quite open Ia all clt-
Hrus Though that D, the boast Of the country, ~
pcat,d on every Fourth Of July, with the entire as
sent of all wU" hear It. u would ID" quite lWpoSsl-
hlc Tor muiato 80 reach The Presidency, n hrs de-
scent were known, and excessively diLcul
either for Catholic or man oi ayOwed athe-
I~tlc opinions. We viii not go the
length o. saving that neither of the latter
could bc elected Tor the Catholic might Ice % suc-
rc-slul soldier. and toe Frcc-'hnker an Admiral
IaUIgut: hVt no convention not carried away, rs
iu the case OF Nh Lincoln >'c"uI 'I'cll1i ID! an
Irresistible popular demand would ever dream o.
proposing either OF thea Tor he popular vote. The
Catholic would Doe >u-prctc +, ana the atheist DIS
liked nearly iouf-all, al all American lrOtC,tauts
d
WINGED uprrnatura'l-t, so convinced "a 20 retain
distinct dI,Nc for men pi negative opinions. SIM,
of means have. On tie United states. been very
thoroughly swept away. j j. hardly possible to 20
below % iJg-carIu lu swamp. ana ont OF such
a logcIpu. without education, or money,
or ANYTHING but himself, came Gcucr i
Garfield. VINO. n lad Of sixteen, could not wife.
and rs mature man bcgulicd the tcd,uu OF camp
hIc 10y ammo auons on a pocket ' Horace. lhat
man 80 situated could, without the favor OF any
pa ron AMI without arcumulJtiHg wealth, rise To
tho very tpp. b, runrent prooi nat any man
without negro blood and not convinced Catholic
can attain any political post on IN the niicd
states. IL - uH. quite suIu Europe outside France,
and We rather Doubt ~ m England the tendency
1. toward that perfect equality. II may Dee attained
IN France, whore the charm OF birth as political
factor ~ rutur.y dead, and the only possible DC
tatur is tine OF small grocer ~ tahor>. aud the
actual President wa peasant where Protestant,
a. jew. or Catholic AI~ an equal chance OF the
Ministry auu where candidates Affect poverty rs "A
In tugL,na, however the equality Is still far 10
s,rk trace col color probably wouid rot hinder q
man much or low h.r,A, u be- were not ashamed of
Though the lt.,r weights him heavily, the pop
uiar feeling ami tfc pupUiIr reason not being quite
Iu accord but uc aust not be- a Catholic; and IN
polite, hr nee Is money at every ,tcpo Oh ms career
lie cannot, Co begin WITH, tltuf ulSFuft Win rdu-
cauuu OF grt n good one Nihout much
outlay To enter any profession VIII cost
a IAd 5000, aud # tho profession Is
guarded by competition, double that SUM- the result
ul " throwing open ~ appointments having been
To give practical monopoly oil them 10 lr'uluen,
>cuiclmen, auG suCh Ie" LhEi'hmeh az are framed
by very skluui aud extremely expensive mcIhol -
/ hc Eng Is.mIn s 80 slow anu as LAD, so hostile
10 instruction tIIt hut for a very costly System ol
education, the public service Wouid he ulicd eN-
cusIyciy with freshmen. 10 enter politics, again,
iu tins country !, 60 give mp amy gdutul profession
except the Bar, which Others cannot prac;lcc Tor
you and 10 pay heavy direct Eue, r entrance INTO
Parliament. statesmen have tried Tor good many
year, keep down election expenses, Out they nave
either not bccnycGS sincere, or nave Dccu oalhrd ana
the outlay Is ycry much what 10 Wa contest IS
occasionally cheap. hut the man Vho stands loi .
county without .6,OuO % wa-,c-lUrt CLIFTON says
ilc AGENT, -urcrr at - 5OO-ur tor 20 borough he
cannot readily tna IL 900. must have great deal
nt scIt-cuui.cucc aut uc able besides 10 put down
auulIraut, tor subscriptions with some determine
uon. DiS"nicr rom OuahtiI'm' SLY JudSc
taIbuTlDH apIu" where, must nave 4 St.H'Hh uPP'
lp ; bat Ia, Un-uuacy - Mtdhue>s cOHldteu
" -, that required of "a candidate" who re-
lus.4 10 pay tlc bills incurred by his agent
gg,lnst his orders. No plea bur bJukrup cy
VIII shield him. The grand difference, now
ryrr-ioT after all popular man ur necessary
WO4lu We NtsLtCh N Nutn PUN ~ tit' h''''-
-Ity at living m London after election. very iarSe
section ol American politicians live on tnclr aaIalles
/ here is no more pressure II them IN Nd5mugtOn 10
live cNpcusIE,.y tnau thyIc Is on liIoh members III
London their .aafCs ale not ltlbcIdI, mileage b'-
INK taken INTO account, IN that country OF mdgulh-
cent distances; and they have, We presume, that
trlrlc5sucS, % thc prcunIify iuiulc WHICH, more
than ANY Other peculiarly, dhcIcuilatt~ Americans
from europeans. In England tuc Member cannot
1--we without money "a hl7 own Al al ~ ''lc - no
salary MIN to receive, and practically, II very
poor man anal hIatiltu, mas tue
position nearly mtorrablc liOrc or less, IN spite o
character ANA auIty, and even success, u ne had
not / 200 "a ear from Some source or other the
rcn oI, trII~t hn and the poor dcSpSc mn, ana ne
II hamp,Icd Al every turn. " lth only 100 year
ana "A house To keep up, ms nerve womb "i'ah
down under the can dllhcully, ana the "oifJ o.
knowing that "A dissolution, winch even wei-to-do
AlcubcIs feel kccniy, might he taial 10 NM HIS
populaTity is sughiIy less the subscriptions nave
Iacn OH, ANA ,nc agents begin 10 suggest that nc
might DC more successful III another borough We
do not care TO quote names, but an excellent Mcll-
Der, Mr.. aldegIaye Leslie. man oil hlgh Dlrth,
| lair means, ana great personal popularity,
published to the world that he retired from
| Parliament for that reason. ana no other;
| ana every election dlsinlsscS less con-
spICuous persons, with nothing nut want OF means
AGAINST them, oblivion There IL no DINER ROAD III
England 10 political success thah farh!'iheht anu
when therefore. EnglIshmen boast tlat careers are
~ Opsn here in America, they should hdu the
qualification that careers are n open Out'lue the
political world our Premier must have more IMAM
ZOO year. The BTitOn does not ask tlat MS rep
rrSentatIye should Dc nCh-thal Is cAlulnny
he asks that he should be independent, ana IL mar
ned. keep house. lie must, IN snor., nave an lh-
come cquva lent to the interest OF four Tunes Gehe
raj GaTnelds fortune,
There is very little chance indeed that TINS state
OF things viii DO altered speedily Men arc DC
coming decidedly more manly about money, ana In
presence of the great fortunes everywhere ABOUT
proclaim thcmse yes poor. even very poor, WIN u
quite novel nonchaance. Society, Indeed Is so rlGh
that, II you have not large means, you may as well
tor social purposes have none; while, Tor the past
live years, IL has been the men OF position VINO nave
a change of opinion, which 1t Is most dllhcult 70
trace the old democratic demand for the pay ment
OF Members has died away, and the idea OF laying
the cost of election ON constituencies find scarcely
an earnest advocate. Any constituency can pay It's
Member but only one does it, openly at least WINE
the cry for State paymont has ceased to be heard at
public meetings. and would certainly be rejected by