davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25
fGaiveston News.

IGalveStOn NeWS.J
The Madison wis Democrat" In en-
deavoIing to treat the wounds received by
the candidates for the presidency, wisely
prescribes st. Jacobs Oil OF course we
could not expect our worthy contemrora-
~ to do otherwise than recommend that
famous Old German Remedy. which ''heals
all wounds bnt those of love" and soothes
all pains. save those of political disap-
pOintment.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

The list Regiment, N. Y. volunteers.
leaves New York city. Feb. 25th, for a Wis
It to New Orleans. The merchants OF
New Orleans contributed 5000 to pay
their travelling expenses.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25
DUBLIC SALE OF REAL ESTATE IN THE
L TO N OF NEWPORT, AUGUSTA COUNTY,
VIRGINIA
On Thursday the 10th day Of March, 1881,
TAT IL A. M


will offer to the highest bidder my property in
Newp ut, Augusta Co. Va, consist s-
ing of NtOre-hn use Dwelling house, a ,isSl q
&c. The sto, e room is Z4x4O fest. k2iITTSAAr-atN
wi god Cellar, Lumber room and lII N41SM
nj ELY finished and is occupied by the Masons a
Lodge room The Fl, Dwelling about fifty fret from
Convenient and omy. Water at the kitchen door /;
Ice house filed with ice, within ~ feet; young Or;
chard of select fruit and Garden unsurpassed for
pr,ductiyenesS, every foot of with can be warered
at will The Stable consists of six stalls with feeding
room, WagOn-shed, Carrageh0u e, &c. all In good
repair. A good tenant house and blacksmith shop
oil the premises; NJ. adow of about four acres wen
set in orchard grass, from which harvested last
season eight tons oi excellent hay, besides pasture
for five head Of stock from the 10th day of June I'M
til freezing weather. .Ga i.-la .p.t.t
ANY one wishing good and convenient home
Where safe and profitable business can be done
will do well to examine The property on OF before
the day Of SALE If unable TO SELL the proper will
BIZ rented for one or mo years, either whole OF
divided.
Terms accommodating.
Feb IL, 1875 ids.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25
New Advertisements.

new AOV0FGkSCW III u u tHs
IRIS A. NJ & HALLER H. HENKEL,
PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.
Having entered into copartnrrship, tender rheir
professional sci vices to the pubic Specia attention
given 10 su. gerry aud DIS, asses OF the Eye and ar
They may be consulted at all hours at the office
heretofore occupied by A. M. Henkel, ~. p, No
49, WesL Fir derrick Street. feb!5 ly*
DISSOLUTION OF COMPREHENSIVE.
he medical partnership heretofore existing be-
tween us Is this day dissolved by mutual consent.
We will each c, niinue to pi actice profession
from respective rcsid noes before.
Persons indebted to the finn viii please come for
warn and settle their accounts.
All to whom we are indebted viii send in theIl
'''D ~ '' J. ALEX wADDELL.
feb25tf j. ST P. GIBSON
Virglnian and Spectator copy.
EIRsT OF THE SEASON!
We have on hand lot of
CHOIUE LAKE HERRING!
To which we call the attention of
DEALERS AND CONSUMERS.
GIVE US A CALL.
feb25tf BAKER BROS.
BLANK BOOKS
MEMORANDUM BOOKS,
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

lTOR S,LE- fine Maltese ana Spanish JACK. Is
i la.4ds high. ANY person wishing to mr. r.
chase will call the. the .VINDrcATQR Office where
they will get further information. iaa2l If 4
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

r1W CARPENTERS Sealed proposals will be re.
i ceived until March LIST, 1881, for the creation
OF a frame church at Millb r., Depot, va. Tha
plans and specifications are now in the hands of the
building committee. who will take pleasure in show
ing them IT, av parties WIS ing to bid on the WORK
or hey will give any information wanted in refer
ence to it. The privilege of rejecting any or ali bids
will be reserved by the committee. The onntractor
will be required to complete the building hy or he
fore June 1St, 1881, p. L. YARBROUGH w
one of the Committee
feb11 st aalllboro, Bath Co. va
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

New Advertisement
Amusements.
>-~--~--~~--~~~->~>--~-~
II AIRY SHANNON
THE BOY ORATOR,
AT THE OPERA HOUSE,
Friday Evening, Feb. 25th.
This extraordinary and wonderful boy has during
his recent engagements at the Great Exhibition.
Philadelphia and in New York, 30 ton, Richmond,
Va, and other cities, excited the greatest admira
ton. curiosity and interest He has been pronoun
ced bv leading Journals of those cities as aParagon
without precede MT
~ Admission 30 cents; Children and Gallery, 25
cents. Reserved seats can now be had at OLIvIERs
without extra charge. feb 25lt
OPERA HOUSE,
Two NIGHTS ONLY
TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY,
MARCH LIST. AND I'd.
Engagement of the charming Vocalist. Comedi-
eilne, and everybOdy's favOrite
MISS
KATIE PUTNAM,
supported by
HER OWN COMEDY CoMPANY!
Tuesday Eue., March LIST.
viii be presented the popular comedy drama in
five acts written expressly for Miss Putnam eAli-
tied
ELENA THE MADCAP."
LENA, with songs and baniosolo) Miss f. Putna m
Wednesday Ece., March I'd.
By special request,
THE OLD CURIOSITY SHOP.
LITTLE NELL, II r famous .y.s pr +,on,
TIE MARCHIONEss Dual role ! 1Ai'0 n s1"il'
PRICES AS USUAL
Reserved seat, may be sect red at DIVERS.
feb25 1t
.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

EOR SALE.--small- farm, sixty
acres more orle $. with house. 4 GsA-l.
The properly of the late st. John ,EssEsssS N
Benn Esq, situated about two miles
from stanton, Va. Apply,
PERCY BENIN
febl1 tt Staunton. Augusta Co.. Va.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25
CTuRE HOUSE FOR RENT.

we VIII rent pflvaCelv our Store RE- aTlIsSv~lyM
House, in Greenville Augu ia co.. #S IIiaEMFS&
Six feet located in the most bus
mess part of the town, together with lot which will
accommodate the patrons of the store with safe
place to hitch their horses and put their buggies
away.
.Greenville is fine business town, located in one
wealthy and int lligent population Immediately on
the main PIKE from Staunton to Lexington, twelve
miles from StauntOn, and twenty-fOur lilies from
Lexington.
The house has been newly fit up throughout
with glass front and painted in good style 1t is
seldom that such store property with all the con, en-
ence tt,ched Is offered for rent, and any person
wishing TO eng ge ia the business would do well to
Secure this property.
For TERMS or any additional information. apply to
LAREW g. NEWTON,
feb4A Greenville, Augusta County
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

may be taxed by this irresponsible element
they need only to tax their memory enough
to recall the project of a negro Republi-
can-Readjuster member of the Virginia
Senate to have college for blacks in the
state. Exactly how that proposition was
,choked off by his fellow Readjuster politi
clans, we cannot now recall but we remem-
Der that it created a breeze in that body.
1t has always been the weak point with
the colored brother, who as rule is not
a property holder. to tax handsomely the
holdings of those who are. It is an amia-
Ole weakness that almost ruined North
Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina and
Louisiana.
Ii 1T shall finally appear, and it looks
that way now, that there is to be coall-
ton between the Republican party ard
tire followers of Gen. Malone, with the
aims we have mentioned we have no fear
of the result. 1t will be the first time
since 1873, that the people of Virginia
have had the Republican party arrsyed in
line against them seeking to capture the
state government. The fight will be- made
almost wholly in the interest of that par-
ty. REIMBURSEMENT of the State dett will
hardly be heard of as an issue, indeed they
are already Ignoring it. The old line De-
mocracy will be in the field with a plat
form to which no exception can be taken
by any Democrat who hasn't already made
up his mind to join his faithful-or rather
anfaithful allies of 1880. We accent the
supreme issue'' Though not willingly. }
with all the black and white voters that
can be gotten to back it. In the Tenth
Legion it wont get enough Democratic
Readsuster votes to give it decent blri-
al We say that our acceptance of the
issue is not willingly made, for we and the
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1881-02-25

N7ANTED TO BORROWING thousand Dol
w - lars. Parties desiring to Loan on good sec,i-
rity win coifer with my attorney, Meade T. White,
, 1881-05-01
. /: B4BT CARRL1GES.
! t i
/ |. SALE
j; A. Y
IT,:
/. Carriages
:
IL
'|PeLa ambulatOl'S.

New Style Coach
Body, resting OIL tenn,
pered steel springs,
gear we'll braced, with
strong reach, and
handsomely finished,
Price, $7.58.
, 1881-05-01

:: :. A new design, with
cut-under body, finely
painted and uphol-
stored, body also rest
ing OH steel springs,
canopy top, and sup
ported with movable
standards,
Price, $3.50.
, 1881-05-01
HOUSEKEEPING GOODS,
H IS|(e}Flo|(|
Goods!
Prices Lower
'I'Ilall E3Vol'.

4 Fine Large Water Cooler, 95c;;
worth $500. Only a few
more left
4, Big Bargain: Our 48c Patent
Broler;; worth $Z.50.
good Buck Saw, a Spade,
a Shovel a Hand Saw, al
38C each.
4 Broom Or a Mop Stick at Sc.
200 dozen Of Glass Linen Tow
els, extra size at l0c;; good
value at 20C.
500 dozen Of turkish Towels,
extra size at &c each.
Extra lot Of An-Linen RuCk Tow.
els, extra size at Sc each.
Fine Bleached Table Linen, Col.
0rad Border, at M;; good
value Csc.
Uph|eaChed Table Linen at: 38c,
48c, Soc, extra width; good
value Soc to 95C. .:
Honeycomb Bed Spreads at 2Sc:
Crash, all linen, at Sc, &c, &c.;
good value at l2c TO Sc.
Turkey Red Table Cl0(nS al 45c
yard.
Au-Slk HandkerChiefS al Sc,
extra size, good value SOC.
An extra LOT Of 1900 dozen Fan.
Cy, Jet and llaid Dress
/ Buttons at &c dozen.
EE.J.L ||||MANN
The Fair,
Cor. State-St-,
Adan1s-st., and
Dearb0rn-st.
TO RENT.
~-~-~~-c<.."-c@,~~~~"@.- - TVNTFWY
TO 1sEN'H',
In the Building Nos. 100 g. 16: WASH"
ington-st-, near Lii Sale.
.s,cnm Heat and Passenger, ,Eierator.
m. s,,, of fine Offices with vault and water' = :,
ou' 'Ae'~ SA1i'L GE1lR.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
A HOmeSick Horse.

A horse raised i'll Norwich, VT, but
used for family purposes in this city
for several years, was recently sold to
a party in Oxford, \. II. In taking
him from the wagon one evening he
slipped away from his owner and dis
appeared, going at IA high rate of speed.
A diligent search in the morning on all
roads for circuit of several miles fail
ed to reveal any trace of the animal.
A dispatch was received during the
day by his former master in this city,
asking if the horse had made his ap-
pearance here, in reply to which the
owner was directed to inquire at Nor
wich. The horse was found there, and
the owner was told that the animal
made his appearance i'll, the place at 3
o'clock in the morning, after his escape
from Oxford, having in six hours cross
ed the Connecticut river and Travelled
twenty-seven miles in the darkness,
over a road he had not seen since he
was a three-years-Ol colt. TO make
this distance in the time mentioned he
must have avoided all CROSSROADS and
without delay gone by the regular
route. Who will say that horse does
not love the scenes of his colt days,
and was it reason or instinct p Man
chester Mirror.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
On the Opium Trade.

A very striking letter has been re-
ceived by the secretary of the English
society for the suppression of the OPT
um trade, from the eminent Chinese
official, Governor General Ii Hung
Chang, who is regarded by many as
the ablest and most influential man in
China. This letter is dated at the
VicerOy's Palace, Tientsen, May "a,
1881. "Opium is Il subject in the dis
cussion of which England and China
can never meet on common ground.
China views the whole question from IL
moral standpoint England from tis-
cal. England would sustain source
of revenue in India, while China con-
tends for the lives and prosperity of
her people. The ruling motive with
China is to repreSs opium by heavy
taxation everywhere, whereas with
England the manifest object is to make
opium cheaper, and thus increase and
stimulate the demand in China. Imay
take the opportunity to assert here,
once for all, that the single aim of my
government in taxing opium will be,
i'll the future, as it has always been in
the past, to repress the tratfic-never
the desire to gain revenue from such a
source. Having failed to kill a ser
pent, who would be so rash as to nurse
it in his bosom? If it be thought that
China cOuntenances the import for the
revenue it brings, it should be known
that my government will gladly cut off
all such revenue in order to stop the
import of opium. My sovereign has
never desired his empire to thrive up
On, tIa i,f;,,,,i+,nE %
jects.
''The poppy is certainly surrepti-
tiOusly grown in some parts of China,
Notwithstanding the laws and frequent
Imperial edicts prohibiting its cultiva-
ton. Yet this unlawful cultivation no
more shows that the government ap-
proves of it than other crimes commit
ted i'll the empire by lawless subjects
indicate approval by the government
of such crimes. In like manner the
present import duty on opium was es-
tabllShed, not from choice, but because
China submitted to the adverse deci-
sion of arms. The war must be con-
sidered as China's standing protest
against legalizing such Il revenue. My
government is impressed with the the
necessity of making strenuous efforts
to control this flood of opium before it
Overwhelms the whole country. The
The new treaty with the United States
containing the prohibitOry clause
against opium encourages the belief
that the broad principles of justice and
feelings of humanity will prevail i'll
future relations between China and
Western nations. My government will
take effective measures to enforce the
laws against the cultivation of the pop
py in China, and otherwise check the
use of opium; and | earnestly hope
that your society and all right-minded
men of you country will support the
efforts China is now making to escape
from the thraldOm of opium"
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23

company was having good deal of
boom there just then, she made me
promise to have her spirit sent up
through their tiue, as it were. Said
she thought it would be nice and mel
ancholy for me to carry her ashes
around with me wherever went-in a
vase, you understand"
"And you complied Pn
"Why, yes. 1t was her last wish,
You know, and besides | thought it
might be useful in kinder preparing
her for the here - but never mind
that, now. | sent the remains round
to the cOmpany's Office in a push
got n receipt, saw Maria touched off. so
to speak, and two days after that they
returned to me beautiful majOlica jar
full of ashes, scented with fOrget-me-
and stopper tied in with pink ribbon"
"That was pretty
Eyes, / was very much pleased at
first, but | had to keep the bottle out
of sight after while, though, because
people were all the time opening the
jar, under the impression that it CON
tained preserved ginger or chow chow,
or something"
That must have been unpleasant"
"Unpleasant-well, | should smile-I
mean | should weep. Why, actually,
one day while | was living in New
York, | came home and found a new
servant girl polishing knives with the
remains just think of it."
Terrible, sir, terrible ~
but, what ! was going to say was
this. About year after my wife was
kindled-l mean cremated-I was in
New Orleans again, and | happened to
meet the superintendent of the reiact-
ory ore-l should say the corpse burn
ing furnace-at banquet, and he got
so full that | had to see him home. On
the way we stopped i'll place or two
for steadier know how it is
and the result was that he got very
communicative about his company-in
fact, gave the whole business away"
''Did, ell ?'
eyes, sir he squarely owned up
that they didn't burn the bodies at all.
He said they just dropped 'em through
IA hole in the bottom of the furnace.
took 'em out the back way at night
and sold 'em to the'medical students"
"Gracious! And the ashesr
"Mule ashes, sir ; nothing but mule
old mule carcass, the superintendent
said, pitch in enough to make bad
smell, and then sell the ashes to the
grief-stricken relatives at S25 a bottle.
Terrible cheeky, now wasn't it ~
'And all this time you had"
Had been carrying that old jar of
mule ashes all over the country. Just
imagine how mean | felt"
''YOu threw it away then ?'
"Well, no." said the widower, as he
winked Il tear out of his left eye; "the
more | studied over the matter the
more | concluded that mule ashes
weren't so much out of the way after
all. You see, poor Maria was an awful
stubborn wOman-t-r-e-m-e-n
stubborn-and-yes kinder thought
mule ashes would do mighty near as
well, all things considered" > Derrick
DOdd.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
A Talk About what All Want.

Health is not lost by accident, nor
can it be repurchased at the drug store.
1t is lost by physiological sins, and
can be regained only by SHINING no
more. Disease is natures protest
against gross violation of her laws.
Suppressing the symptoms of disease
with drugs means to silence that pro-
test instead of removing the cause.
We might as well try to extinguish a
fire by silencing the alarm bells; the
alarm will soon be sounded from an
other quarter, though the first bells
may not ring again until the belfry
breads down in a general cOnfiagra-
ton. For the laws of health, though
liberal enough to be apparently plastic,
are in reality as inexOrable as time and
gravitatiOn. We cannot bully nature,
we cannot defy her resentment by "a
fresh provocatiOn. Drugs may change
the form of the disease-that is, modify
the terms of the protest-but the law
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
The Christmas Tree.

In the warm parlor, so coy and bright
Five little people were gathered one night;
And each merry voice was brimful of glee,
In planning their gifts for the Christmas tree.
Said Johnnie, the brave, II think will buy
A good many things if things are not high"
Then Annie and Jennie each told her plan,
And fat little Ted said, I'm buy all 1 can"
Then spoke little May in her sweet, earnest way,
Mamma, you say Christmas is Christ's birthday
If for Him gift hang on the tree.
Will Jesus be glad, and come here to seei ?"
my dear little girl" the kind mother said,
While softly she smOothed the bright, curly head,
The Savior you love we cannot see here
But all that you say is heard by His ear.
He said long ago, that if we will take
Good things to the poor for His dear names sake,
His heart will be glad He'll thank the same,
As if we should mark each gift with His name.
Now down in the lane all covered with snow,
Is poor little hOme-the place you all knew
Where three little girls and three little boys
Have very few clothes and not any toys"
Then all spoke at once: Mamma let us take
Some presents to them for the dear Christs sake -
a nd little May said I'VE can't mark His name
But mamma says Christ will be glad all the same" "
So each little girl and each little boy
Brought mamma gift-a book or a toy;
And kind mamma said, while counting them per-
That she and papa would add to their store.
So when the day came for the Christmas tree
Il wish every one had been there to see)
The poor little folks had much on tn at tree
A II were as happy as children can be-
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
VOLUME 45---NUMBER 23I7.

cannot be baffled by cOmplicating the
Otfense; before the drugged patient
can recover, he has to expiate a double
sin-the medicine and the original
cause of the disease. But shall parents
look on and let sick child ask in vain
for helpP BY no means. Something
is certainly wrong, and has to be right
ed. The disease itself is cry for help.
But not for drugs. Instead of "taking
something" something ought to be
done, and Oftener something habitual-
ly done ought to be omitted. If the
baby's stomach has been tormented
with ten musings a day, omit six of
them omit tea and coffee from the
young lady's menu; stop the dyspep-
ties meat ratiOns, and the youngsters
grammar lessons after dinner. But
open the bedroom windows open the
door and let your children take romp
in the garden or on the street, even on
a snow covered street. Let them
spend their Sundays with an uncle who
has IA good orchard, or send for bar
rel of apples. Send for carpenter,
and let him turn the nursery or wood
shed into a gymnasium. In case you
have nothing but your bedroom and
kitchen, there will still be room for ii
grapple-swing; the Boston hygienic
institute has patented kind that can
be fastened without visible damage to
the ceiling. If the baby won't stop
crying, something ought to be done
about it. Yes, and as soon as possible: :
remove the straight jacket apparatus,
swaddling clothes, petticoat, and all,
spread il couple of rugs in a comforta-
BILE corner, and give the poor little
martyr il chance to move his cramped
limbs let him roll, tumble and kick
to his hearts content, and complete
his happiness by throwing the pare
gOric bottle out of the window.-TD
Felix 5. Oswald in Popular Science
Monthly.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
The Wrong Ashes.

He was jolly-lOOking man, with a
round corporation, burgundy-tinted
nose, and the general exterior of a con-
tented mind, and as he entered the edi-
tOrial den he offered us a good cigar,
lit another and said {:
GLOW about this local cremation
scheme ?"
"Well, how yOurselfw
''The fact is" said the stranger, re-
flectively, ~ had pretty tough expe-
rience with one of these cadaver roast
ing concerns once, and | thought meb-
be you might like to warn the people
here in time"
"Fire away"
''Well you see it was in New Orleans
Ny wife died there, and as a cremation
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
st. Johnsbury Post Office.
ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF MAILS.

ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF MAILS
Boston and intermediate offices. Arrive AIS u
IN. Close $50 and 500 a III.
Boston through mail. Arrive 217 a m. Close
500 IN.
New York and the West. Arrive 2:l7 and HOO
a m, and 4:15 Close $50 and s:2O a m and 500
y IN.
Close 4:l5
Portland and the East. Arrive 300 p IN. Close
$50 IN.
Swanton and intermediate offices Arrive 1915
a m. Close AIS IN.
Waterford. Arrive 500 Close 400 pm.
North Danville. Arrive $50 a III. Close 1000
IN.
West Concord and East St Johnsbury Arrive
900 Close Ais p III.
CHAS. r. CARPENTER I'd. p. NJ
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
PATENTS.
r. H. f ID ID Y e.

No. 20 State Street, opposite Kilby Street Boston
Secures patents in the United States; also in
Great Britain, France and other foreign countries
Copies of the claims of any Patent furnished by
remitting one dollar. Assignments recorded at
Washington No ageRey IA the United States pos
sesses superior fGelities for obtaining Patents or
deeTtdiniRg ue Pdtentabiii.y Of inpentions X. H.
EDDY. Solicitor of Patents
TEsTIA AONIALs.
Il regard Mr.. Eddy as one of the most successful
and capable practitioners with whom / have had
official intercourse. CHAS. MASON
Commissioner of Patents.
Inventors cannot employ a person more trust
worthy OF more capable of securing for them an
early and favorable consideration at the Patent OF
hee."-EDMUND BURKE, late COmmissi ssioner of
Patents"
Boston. October is- Is76.
K H EDDY, Esq.-Dear Sir You procured for
me- in IS4O my first patent. Since then You have
acted for and advised me in hundreds Of cases and
procured many patents, reissues and extensions.
| have occasionally employed the best agencies in
New York Philadelphia and Washington, but i
still give yon almost the whole Of my business, in
your line and advise others 10 employ you
Yours truly, GEOROE DRAPER
Boston. Jan. /. l5el-ly
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1881-12-23
Telegraph Office.

Western Union and " InternafionaL-in st.
JOhnsbury House. Open from a. m. to 9 y. IN.
Sundays, 9 to 10 a. m. S to p. III. Night messages
at half rates.