Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1881-10-21
Oceans Enormous Pressure.

Naturalists formerly said that animal
life could not exist in the deep sea,
owing 20 the enormous pressure Of the
water ut great depths. They were mis-
taken, AS the deep-sea soundings have
shown. Dredgi1gs have brought up
live animals from a depth of more than
one thousand fathoms. The remarkable
conditions under which tuey live are
set forth by the following:
The pressure amounts roughly to a
ton weight on the square inch for every
one thousand fathoms OF depth. SO that
at the depth of two Thousand five hun
dred fathoms there is pressure of two
tons and u half per square inch of
surface, which may be cou,rasted with
the fifteen pounds por square inch
pressure to which We are accustomed
ut the level of the sea surface.
An experiment made by Mr.. Buchan-
an enabled US 10 realize the vastness of
the deep-sea pressure Lore fully than
any other facts.
Mr.. Buchanan Dramatically sealed
up ut both ends thick glass tube full
OF. air. several inches in length. He
wrapped this sealed tube in flannel, and
placed it. SO wrapped up. ina wide
copper tube, which Was one If those
used to protect the deep sea thernom.
eters ~hen sent down with tue sound
ing apparatus.
TIE copper case containing the scale j
glass tube Was sent down to depth Of
two Thousand fathoms, and drawn up
again.
1t was then found that the copper
wall of the case Was bulged and bent
inwards opposite the place where the
glass tube lay. juet as if it had been
crumpled ipwards, by being violently
sque, I'D.
The glass tube itself, within its fan
mel wrapper, vas found, when with.
drawn. reduced to foe powder like
snow almost. - Notes by naturalist
on the "Cnallenger."
MoLAssEs GEMs.-One and one hall
cups Of molasses. one cup of cream,
butter the size of an egg, one teaspoon
full OF elnger, one egg, one teaspoODful
of soda. AID -four to make stiff batter.
Bake in quick oven in gem irons.
CREAM CAKE.-One pint of -four, two
cups of sugar. two eggs, one cup of
cream, two-thirds cup Ct milk, one
half teaspoonful of soda, one teaspoon
full Of cream CT tartar, q little salt, and
spice to your taste.
OATMEAL MUsH.-Soak the meal over
night in y bowl; get this in kettle
with little hot water and steam TWEEN
ty minutes or longer. Eat with salt
and cream.
PoTTED HAM.-Take any remains of
ham you have; even fried. if of nice
quality, is good for this purpose; take
away all stringy parts, sinew, or gristle,
put in slow oven with its weight OF
butter; let ii stay macerating in the
butter till it is very tender, then heat
it in a mortar; add cayenne and pack
lin pots.
HOMEMADE CRAcKERs.-Beat two
eggs very light, whites and yolks to-
gether; sift into them a quart of flour,
a teaspoonful of salt; add tablespoon.
full each of butter and lard, and nearly
tumblerful Of milk; work all thor.
oughly together; take fourth of the
dough at a time and roll ont half as
thick as milk cracker, out in small
rounds, and bake quickly to light
brown.
10 lest THE FRESHNESS OF EGGS "A
simple way to test the freshness of egg
is to put them in water. A good one
Will lie flat. and those musty with ags
will out-egg Columbus egg in standing
on the small end.
QUICK PUDDING.-Boil some rice
when done soft, break in three eggs
half cup of cream or milk and fiayo
to suit the taste. Give it ono boil ant
send it to the table with bits of butte
on the top.
SMoTHERED Observation-Disclosures
chicken is particularly nice when th,
fowl is young and tender. Split tn
chicken down the back, cover it Will
Jumps of butter and pepper and salt
add one-half of pint Of water; cove
closely and cook in the oven till done