The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1881-12-07

Zealand and the British Colonies, in Aus
tralia, AS has been already stated, great
reductions have recently been made In the
expense Of the star route service.
STAR ROUTE FRAUDS.
The investigations Of the Department Of
Justice and the Postotice Department
have resulted in the presentation Of indict.
ments against persons formerly connected
with that service, accusing them OF oHenses
against the United States. have enioined
upon the officials who are charged with
the conduct Of the cases on the part OF the
Government, and upon the eminent coun'
sci who, before my accession to the Presi-
dency, were called to their assistance, the
duty OF prosecuting with the utmost rigoT
OF the law, all persons who may be found
chargcable with fraud upon the postal
service,
U, S, COURTS,
The Acting Attorney General calls atten-
ton to the necessity OF modifying the pres.
ent system OF the Courts Of the United
States, necessity due 10 the large increase
OF business, especially in the Supreme
Court. Litigation in our Federal tribu-
nails became greatly expanded after the
close OF the late war. So long as that ex.
pansion might be attributable to the alb
normal condition in which the community
found itself Immediately after the return
OF peace, prudence required that no change
be made in tho constitution OF our Judicial
tribunal. But IL has now become appar.
ent that an immense increase OF litigation
has directly resulted from the wonderful
growth and development Of the country.
There is no ground for the belief that the
business Of the United States Courts will
ever DO less in volume than at present,
Indeed, that 1t Is likely to be much greater
is generally recognized by the bench and
bar In view OF the fact that Congress has
already given much consideration to this
subject / make no suggestions in detail,
but express the hope that your delibera.
tons may result in such legislation as will
give early relief to our overburdened
courts.
COWBOYS DISTURBANCES IN ARIZONA,
The Acting Attorney General also calls
attention to The disturbance OF the public
tranquility during the past year in the ter.
ritory OF Arizona, by band OF desperad-
Oes known US cowboys, probably number
ing from fifty to ono hundred men, who
have been engaged for months in commit.
ting acts OF lawlessness and brutality
which the local authorities have been I'M
able to repress. The depredations OF these
cowboys have also been extended to Mex.
leo, which the maraudGrs reach from the
Arizona frontier, With every disposition
to meet the exigenCies OF the case, am
embarrassed with luck OF authority to deal
with them elFectually. The punishment
OF crimes committed within Arizona
should ordinarily, Of course, be left to the
territorial authorities. But 1t is worthy Of
consideration whether the nets which nee.
essarily tend to embrol the United States
with neighboring Governments should not
be declared crimes against the United
States. Some Of the incuHions alluded
to may perhaps be within the
scope OF the law in the revised
statutes, section $3.50, iorbidding
any military expedition or Interference
against friendly State. But in view OF
the speedy assembling Of your body | have
preferred to await such legislation us in
your wisdom the occasion may demand.
1t may, perhaps, be thought proper to pro.
vide that the setting on foot within our
own territory Of brigandnge and armed
maraudng expeditions against friendly
nationsand their citizens, shall be punish
able us M 0IIense against the United
States. / will add that In the event Of II
request from the Territorial Government
for protection by the United States against
domestic violence, this Government would
be powCrless to render assistance. The act
OF 1905, chapter 49, passed at time when
Territorial Governments received little at
tentOn from Congress, enforced this duty
OF the United States, only as to State gov
ernments, but the act OF Of 1907, chapter
80, applied also to territories. This law
seems to have remained in force till q re-
vision OF the statutes, when the provision
for the territories was dropped. am not
advised whether this alteration was inten.
tionA or accidental, but Us 1t seems to me
that tho territories should be offered the
protection which is accorded to the States
by the Constitution, suggest legislation to
that end.
1t seems to me that whatever views may
prevail as to the policy Of the recent legiS-
lation, by which the army has ceased to be
Il part OF the posse cOmitatus. An ex.
ception might well be made for permitting
the military to assist the civil territorial au.
thorities in enforcing the laws OF the United
States. This use OF the army would not
seem to be within the alleged evil against
which TINT legislation was aimed From
sparseness OF population and other circum.
stances, it is often quite impnCtiCable to
summon civil posse In places where Off.
GERS OF justice require assistance, and where
military force is within easy reach.
THE INDIAN PROBLEM.
The report Of the Secretary Of the Interi.
or, with the accompanying documents, pre-.
sents an elaborate account OF the business
OF that Department. A summary OF ii
would be too extended for this place. Task
your careful attention TO the report Prom.
inent among the matter which challenges
the attention OF Congress at the present
session, Is the management Of our Indian
affairs. While this question has been Il
Causc OF trouble and embarrassment from
the infancy ofthe Government 1t is but re.
Gently that any effort has been made for
Its reduction that was at once determined,
consistent and likely 10 succeed. II has
been easier to resort 10 convenient make
shifts for tiding over the Temporary dill.
culties, than TO grapple with the great,
permanent problem, and accordingly the
easier course has almost invariably been
pursued. 1t was natural, at time when
the national territory seemed almost illim.
table and contained many millions Of
acres far south Of the bounds OF civilized
settlements, thata policy should have been
initiated which, more than aught else
has been the fruitful source OF
our numerous Indian complications
| refer, Of course, TO the policy Of dealing
with the various Indian tribes as separate
nationalities, Of Regulating them by treaty
stipulations, to the occupying OF immense
reservations in the West, and Of encour.
aging them to live savage life undisturbed
by any earnest aud well directed effort to
bring them under the influence Of Ciyiiza-
ton, The unsatisfactory results which
have sprung from this policy are becoming
apparent 10 all. AS the white settlements
have crowded the borders OF the reserva.
liza a