Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-06-09
x.anras1er fntelliqerlcer.


IaOnSOA1 6VEN4N0, JUNE % 4ooA'
FARuER AND GARDENER.
The Firse rhinnanx-Out OF Fruit.
Telegraph.
Pear-growers should bear in mind that |
the time is at hand when they must be |
about thinning out their crops,
This year will probably require it more |
thoroughly than most years, because the |
yield promises to be very heavy, and ifthe |
trees are allowed to overbear they may
not recover from it for two, three, or four
wears. We have had trees which took five
wears to restore them to their original
vigor and productiveness. Do not be afraid
that you will lose even in quantity by
free thinning ont. We have at times re-
moved 1t least three-fourths of the crop,
and found afterward that the crop would
have withsto0d moro with advantage. The
varieties of pears most liable to 0verbcar
are the Belle Lucrative, Lawrence, OFT,
Anjou, Kirkland, Sheldon, Glout Moroccan,
Louise Bonne, Sieulle, Diel, Bartlett, Gift
fard, &C. The second thinning out should
take place when the fruit is about one
third grown, when care should be observed
to select all the specimens that are not
entirely of smooth skin and do not hang
straight on the stem. All these arc more
or less defective.
BuddIpg.
This is the time when we like to call the
attention of farmers and gardeners to the
work of budding their fruit trees. Those
who were to much hurried in their spring
work to attend to it in April and May,
can now make up for lost time by resort
ing to this mode of increasing the variety
and amount of the orchard product.
Budding can now be done, and continued
through this month, July and forepart of
August. 1t is not a difficult as grating,
but like the latter it must be understood
Just how it is to be done, though
this is easy to do by giving a
little attention how others do it.
To cut bud from the parent branch
it should take about an inch and a-half of
the bark and thin slice Of the wood for
three -fourths of the length of the bark,
the bud being about in the centre and in
setting it cut slit in the bark of tho tree
only, say two inches in length, and at the
fully raise the bark up with the knife and
insert in it the bud. Do it as neatly as
possible. Then wrap around the entire
slit and up to the bud bass mating, using
strips about foot long and b alf an inch in
width, and tie in a knot. Of course the
branch or stock in which the bud is set re-
mains Just as it was before, no topping or
cutting off.
The budding of peach trees is best de-
ferred until August, and is always adopt
ed instead of grating, which is not re-
commended for this fruit.
Wnat About LIQUID Manure?
1t has not been many years since that
liquid manure as fertilizer; and this was
quite scnsibly added to by the statements
made Of it by the celebrated London
farmer" Alderman Mechi, who even went
SO far rs to invent an apparatus to haul it
in and sprinkle it over his land. We all
remember-or should remember-how he
''went on" about it. 1t was the best
way to apply manure. There were the
crops here were the figures. There
could he no doubt about it. 1t was no
waste to manure to have the best of its
matter washed out of it, if only the
liquid waste could be collected in tanks
and pumped into liquid manure carts and
hauled over the ground or even pumped
back again to the manure heap from
which it had been washed-and so on
and 50 on. The subject was taken up il
this country and great deal was written
about it and discussed at farmers clubs
sc. Few had any experience. They
wrote about it and recommended it simpyl
because the matter had been taken up SO
rcsOlutely in England and vouched for by
what was at the time considered the high
est authority. But it turned out to bc all
. fallacious in the first place, because NJ
good farmer, in places where manure il
valuable, cares to have his manure washed
in this way, but builds roof and cover,
it from rain; and in the next place it doe,
not pay to build cisterns, invest in pumps
and buy broad-whecled carts for the SAKE
of distributing few gallons of liquid ma
nure. Water is heavy to carry; and thu
hanling Of gallon for the sake Of tea
spoonful of nutritious matter, is an ap
surdity few American farmers would b,
guilty of. But it was said there were the
figures. So there were as to actual pro
ducts but this is not the way to calculate
farm profits. That piece of land watered
with liquid manure will yield moro than
piece manured in the regular way, may be
all true enough but il it cost treble fol
double the profit it had better be lef,
alone. In fact, the liquid manure ide:
as an clement in profitable farming seem.
to have departed here. We seldom sc,
the old time articles now. Even in Eng
land it seems to be on its last legs. TIL
whole paraphernalia of tanks, water carts
and -so-forth, says the London Agricultura
Gazette, are the mere toys of farming
and SO said We, long, long ago.
Tho Size of the farm.
1t is true enough that we cannot hav'
immense returns from our farm if we d.
not have commensurate amount of land
We cannot expect to garner six or eigh
hundred bushels of wheat, rye, corn, etc.
from a fifty-acre farm. Nevertheless tho
profits from a farm are not always, or vcry
frequently, the result of very large farms
1t is the thorough cultiuatiOn of the lant
wo have, and making the very best O
everything that tho profit comes in. w,
may have hundreds of acres of land, bu
it may be unpr0duGtive for the reason
that wo do not possess the mean.
of properly enriching it. Hence
while We may have capital enough t.
run moderate farm in tho very best man
ner, causing it to yield double the crop.
that we could look for per acre from five
or six times the quantity of land, we should
utterly fail in making the larger farm
profitable at all but on the other hand
VIC should find it year after year making
us poorer and poorer, until we should be
completely swamped by it. Just look at
this simple statement If capital of five
thousand dollars, expended in the cultiva-
tion Of two hundred acres, will only yield
profit of five hundred dollars, while if il
were annlied tn ona hundrod acrou n