davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20
The Banana.

The Cuba correspondent of the Bos-
ton Commercial Bulletin writes: The
manner in which the fruit is developed
is quite interesting. From the midst of
the leaves and at the top appears large,
smooth. purple cone hanging down
gracefully at the end of stalk. The
flowers are all wrapped up in this cone.
which consists OF q large number of
closely packed spathes. By-and-bye the
uppermost of these spathes disengages
itself from the rest, curls up and dis
closes row of three or four long bios.
SONS, with the young fruit of each be-
ginning to form.
While this row of fruit is tender the
spathe remains hanging over it like =
roof, but when the fruit has acquired
some size and strength the protecting
shield drops off and the next in order
rises up with a similar row of young
fruit over which it stands in the same
watchful attitude till it also drops OF,
to be succeeded by another.
When one circle of fruit is completed
another is commenced below, and in
due time another, while the common
stem around which the fruit is disposed
grows constantly longer, and the cone
of spathes diminishes in size, till it is
all unfolded, and monstro1s bunch OF
bananas is finished, which seldom
weighs less than twenty or thirty and
sometimes as much as seventy or eighty
pounds. OF all kinds of vegetable nutri-
ment the banana is perhaps the most
productive, and most easily raised.
After plant has produced its bunch
of fruit the stem is either cut or is suf-
fered to witber and fall on the spot. In
the former case it is good fodder for
cattle; in the latter 1t forms good man
ure for the young shoots which have
been springing from the root, and which
are soon ready to bear fruit in their
turn. From these shoots or sprouts the
plant is propagated.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20

Speak thou the truth, let others fence
And trim their words for pay;
In pleasant sunshine Of pretense,
LIT others bask their day.
Gnard thou the fact, tho clouds Of night
Down on thy watch-tower stoop,
Borne from thee by their swoop,
Though thou shculdst SEQ thy hearts delight,
Face thou the wind Though safer seem
In shelter to abide,
We were not made to sit and dream,
The safe must first be tried.
Show thou the light. II conscience CLEAN
Set not the bushel down,
The smallest spark may send beam
Ger hamlet, tower, and town.
Woe unto him. on safety bent,
Who creeps from age TO youth,
Failing to grasp his lite's intent
Because he fears the truth.
Be true to every inmost thought,
And a. thy thoughts, thy speech,
What thou hast not by striving bought,
Presume not thou to teach.
Then each wild gust the mist shall clear
We now see darkly through,
And justified at last appear
The true in Him that's true.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20
GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
Farm and Garden Notes.


In purchasing bulls buy mixed varie-
ties Of the hardy sorts.
Never breed from vicious sire; tenn
per Is hereditary in animals as well as
in man.
Constant cutting off just below the
surface of the ground will in time eradi-
cate poison ivy
Clover that sends its roots deep into
the earth is considered the best sub soil
ing agent to be had.
Many farmer pays out large sums for
fertilizers, while he allows those of his
own barnyard to run to waste.
Fertilizers should beapplied to house
plants only when they are in a growing
state, and should be applied in the Ii
quid form.
Tea roses are to be preferred for the
house, both for fragrance and beauty
They are free growers and bloomers
under almost all circumstances.
The National Lsve Stock Journal thinks
that wildness and bad temper in a mare
may be remedied by breeding them, and
cites several instances where this has
succeeded.
Water is a much better deodOrizer
than is generally supposed. It has
great absorbing capacity. Fresh water
running through milk room keeps it
free from odors.
Roses need very rich soil to bring them
to perfection. thriving best in a mixture
of well-rOtted manure, sand and garden
loan, and to stint them Of nourisnment
is indeed poor economy.
Filling horse rack with hay. as some
persons do, and permitting a constant
supply. is one of the most probable
means of producing disease, and the
most positive 20 render animals unfit
for fast work.
In England it has been found that
seven pounds of sulphur mixed with
one hundred pounds of ground bone
and allowed to slightly ferment for
few days before being applied to the
soil, will effectually defend the young
turnip plants from the attacks of the
fly.
Spreading Manure.
1t is always better to spread manure
as it is drawn than to put it in heaps.
When put in heaps large portion of
the soluble matter is left 10 the ground
under the heap and makes these spots
too rich, and OF course depriYeS the rest
of the ground Of its proper share. When
it is spread as drawn there is no waste,
the soil 8 equally benefited, and when
the ground is worked over in the spring
with the wheel barrow or the cultivator
the whole is well mixed together. There
is also saving of labor, as one hand
ling is avoided.
Household Hints
Cut bread fine for filling for fowls;
this is better than to crum BILE it. No
sogginess.
Cold boiled potatoes used as soap
will clean the hands and keep the skin
soft and healthy. Those not over-boiled
are the best.
In boiling dumplings of any kind, put
them in the water one at time. If they
ale put in together they will mix with
each other.
Charcoal powder is good for polishing
knives without destroying the blades.
1t is also good tooth powder when
finely pulverized.
Simple and tasteful table covers for
bedrooms may be made of pale blue Can
ton flannel trimmed with antique lace,
or with velvet ribbon feather-stitched
on, and finished with fringe made of
blue split zephyr or Shetland wool.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20
Vale
Oh, the swift years |.

Oh, the swift years
Pleasure, dismayed, beholds them hurry on:
And love- strong love, looks back through
passionate tears;
Like the bright meteor that scarce appears,
Soon are they gone.
Oh, the fleet hours
Why, what is manf-their puppet and their
slave;
At first his letters wreathing with fair flowers
Then CALLED and worn and robbed of all his
powers,
Gaining grave.
Vale we cry,
Watching in youth the sweet june roses fall;
They bloom again-small matter il they die.
All YES, they bloom; but canker worms will
lie,
Doubt not, in all.
Vale! The word
Later has smitten us with mortal pain;
Rung out the death-knell OF dear hope, or
stirred
The lips whose earthly voices may be heard
Never again.
Then does it wakeS
! Sad recollections, haunting thoughts that
grieve;
We know the cruel wound some iarewells
make,
We learn TO dread the nothingness, the break
Parting may leave,
So thssears run
Vale we soon must bid this brief estate;s
But for that heritage which shall be won
When the freed soul with time itself has done
Trusting, we wait.
The vdroosu
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20
Fashion Hints.

Some odd styles are said to be in prep
raation for simple muslin and wool
dresses for the spring and summer. Thus
there are waists contrived without shoul-
der seams, probably by being cut bias on
the shoulders, and still others have the
entire sleeve cut in one piece with the
waist of the dress. the only seam of the
sleeve being on the inside of the arm.
The seam down the middle of the front
is also bias, and there. is bunch of
shirring each side of this seam at the
waist line. Shirred yokes, and basques
that are shirred all over, were worn
years ago, and, it is said, will be revived
for thin lawns and grenadines of next
season.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20
0Garden OF China ,,

Around Shanghai lie $4,000 square
miles which are called the Garden of
China, and which have been titled for
countless generations. This area Is as
large as New York and Pennsylvania
combined; it is allmeadow land, raised
a few feet above the river-lakes, rivers,
canal-a complete network of water
communication three crops year are
PoDuapn a i g dense that
women in blue pants and blouse, 90 nu-
merous that you fancy some muster or
fair coming on, and all hands turned
out for holiday.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20
AM Aching void.

A troubled young man begins poem
In the Breakwater Light AS follows:
" cannot love another now,
Since thou hast proved untrue,
Another's lips upon my brow
Cannot this aching void snbdue."
1t Is an awful pity for the young poet
that he has to carry an aching void !"
around in his head. Nothing is more
distressing than an aching void" par
tieularly in ones head, and the dis
tressed young. man ought to fill it with
cotton. If auotherss lips" won't
" subduer it he might try q mustard
plaster. - Msdilet0sOn Transcript.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20

Mr.. Kimbau the church debt raiser,
has visited about $50 churches, and has
raised about $5 0O0, 600 for the payment
of church debts. He estimates that
some $4 600, 600 more have been raised
or saved, in various ways, under the
influence of this work.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1881-01-20

According to Kolb's universal Statis-
tics" the average length of life among
those in comfortable circumstances is
fifty. among the poor thirty, among
ministers siKty-hve years.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24
THE CT11L1ANs, TRIUMPH

ttaaeF A1kAC
 The occupation of the capital of Peru by | the ChiEans may be regarded as virtually
 ending the war between Chili and Peru,
 which began two years ago and which has
 been .waged with great determination and
 also with great ferocity and a terrible waste
 of life and treasure.
 The cause of this war was a dispute be-
 tween ChiH on one side and Peru and Bo-
 ivia on the other concerning the right to tax
 the exportation of nitrates from the narrow
 belt of territory lying between the twenty
 third and twenty-fourth pafallels of south
 latitude at the foot of the Bolivian Andes.
 This territory, which, like all Bolivia, was
 once part of Peru, was claimed both by
 Bolivia and by Ghili. By mutual agreement the boundary was fixed on the twenty fourth
 parallel. The territory north and,<s south was formed into zollverein for space of twen- ty-fye years, Bolivia acting as collector of customs, and the receipts from taxes being diyisible equally between both parties. Chii- ian subjects resident within the same bound aries were to be exempted from any increase of taxation, and Chilian imports were to en- ter duty free. Besides these concessions, Bolivia was to pay to Chili an indemnity of such amount as the Emperor of Brazil might award in satisfaction of all further claims. While negotiations were going on between Chih and Bolivia as to the right of taxation treaty of alliance had been entered into be- tween Peru and Bolivia in relation to this territory. The basis of this treaty, it ap- peared, had been the refusal of Chii to ac- cept the offers made by the Peruvian govern ment. desirous of securing the monopoly of the nitrates of soda, for the purchase of the Chilian works in Antofagasta. The Chilians claim that it was in consequence of this re- fusal that the Bolivian government made decree imposing tax on the export of the product. Payment of this being refused by the Chiiians the Bolivian authorities pro- ceeded to levy the tax by force and placed soldiers in the nitrate works. On appeal to the Chilian government the latter prompt ly despatched a superior force and busted the Bolivians, not only from the port of Antofa- gasta, but from the mining town of Cara coles. Thereupon Peru took up the cudgels on behalf of the Bolivians.
 Very soon after hostilities began it became evident that the Peruvians were overmatched Only small part of their nominal force was found available and that was not well hand led. The Peruvians, who were expected to render substantial assistance, were not valu- able allies. On land the Chilians have scarce ly encountered any serious check since the opened, and since the capture of the Huascar the Peruvians have had no luck on the sea. Driven from every other point of vantage they rallied their broken forces behind the walls of Lima and prepared to make final effort to retrieve their ruined | fortunes. They failed, and the Chilians are l now in position to dictate what | terms they please to the conquered enemy. The friendly intervention of neutral powers | may be required for the continuance of Peru l IS free and independent nation.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24
CaroIus Duran's Ideas About Art.
 rFron the Whitehall Reyiew,1

Carolus Duran was born at Lille about 39 years ago, and has that striking aspect which I have always remarked as being common to all great artists-an aspect which I can only describe as one expressing luminous original ity. His long black hair, now slightly tinged with gray, is brushed back from his ample forehead, beneath which two splendidly ex- pressive eyes, brilliant, penetrating, tender and bold. gleam like two stars. He received my concentrations with that refined courtesy and cordial suitability which has won him such success in the grande monde, and made him, par excellence, the fashionable portrait painter of France. @s1
 Turning from the easels to the walls, one sees many familiar objects; Here are all the studies for the celebrated equestrian DOT trait Carolus Duran painted of his gister-in- law, Mile Croizette, of the Conedie Fran caise here is the famous portrait of his daughter-one of his very greatest efforts; here remarkable portrait of a Spanish friend, who, judging from what one sees here, would have been model worthy of 8 valasquez; here are the foils which all Paris has heard of, for it is a well known fact in the French metropolis that Carolus Duran is crazy about fencing, and here is the cele- brated mamoth pallette-the largest palette ever artist used, fancy-on which the re- served or wayward colors are toyed with, ca- ioied and caressed until they become recon ciled to one another and yield up the full se- cret of their united splendor. By degrees, as the breakfast hour approached. M. Du- ran's friends and admirers took their leave and left us to our chat. The great artist is victim to the charms of the goddess Nico- tina, and it is with cigarette between his lips that he begins
 sI always tell my pupils first that the fol- lowing is, in my opinion, the golden maxim which all who would succeed as artists should adopt, Love glory more than money, art more than glory, and nature more than art , am, unlike many artists, disciple of nature
 But in the education of a painter, what
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24
RELTCs OF BARBARIsof

' f. fsf f.-r
 Why is sneeze like Niagara? Because it's catarrhact !-P PhzadeIpkSa Bulletin. E
 The works of Handel are of necessity the favorites with organ blowers.-LOsoeU Coat- 7ler.
 Last week the order of the street railway was s'Salt itl" To-day it is ''Freshit l''- Philadelphia Bulletin.
 Some wealthy people act as if they think that as long as the poor have food for re- fection that is enough to keep them from starving. .-Kentuchy StGte Journal.
 The Tennessee Legislature has chosen g woman as expressing clerk. The susceptible most expressing clerk that they ever had LoaoeU Citizen.
 Edison has dropped his electric light and is now experimenting to see if COW cannot be made to give ice cream by wrapping her in congealed water before milking. Phil0deL- pliiG Chronicle Herald.
 Notice-The person who stole 'tSongs of the Sanctuary" from pew No. 32 should inn prove the opportunity of singing them here, as she will have no occasion to sing them hersafter.-Neso Fork Independent.
 The man who journeyed long to spit upon the grave of his enemy found that the said not recovered There are lots of things in this world to make man mad.-Detroit Free Press.
 gentleman was complaining on change yesterday that he had invested rather large sum of money in Wall street and lost 1t all A sympathizing friend asked him whether he had been bull or bear. To which he re- piled, s'Neither. was @ jackass !''-Chico- go Iaibune.
 Johnny came home from school the other day very much excited. "What do you think, pa, Joe Steward, one of the big boys, had an argument with the teacher about question ill grammar" ''What position did he take?" His last position was across @ chair with his face down. "- Gdlueston Nescs
 ssAt -lyceum' in country town in the northern part of this State, " relates Boston man, ia few evenings since, was impressed with what heard of the power of woman, and came to my home with some trepida- ton. The subject for debate was Which has the more power over man; woman or money i? There were the usual expressions of views, but the one that caused my alarm was from the lips of an old farmer, and was in the following words: "A wo- man will take man, money and all, and car ry him off to Jericho, and he can't help him. za1f
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24
the most important step to take a'' he in

is the most important step to take p'' he in quired
 .The education of the eye is the most i'm. portant. Educate the eye before you edu- cate the hand. The hand will become cum ming soon enough when the eye has learnt to
 see, whereas if the hand be educated be- fore the eye one .may never see.
 Now to my mind, all that is not indis.
 pensable in a picture is distinctly harmful
 Redundancy is fatal Everything should
 have it's meaning, it's place, and it's distinct
 utility. There is no such thing possible in a
 picture as 6 needless accuracy. When the accuracy is needless it does actual mischief to the whole. Then again, everything in a picture should be brought about naturally and not abruptly. To take trivial illustra tlon: Suppose I am teaching a pupil to paint lady who is turning. do not mere ly place the model in the middle of the room and make her turn. She must vaIk about for while and then turn naturally. There is education for the eye in the prelin mary stages, and one thus gets the full value of her turning posture"
 What, to your mind, is one of the most essential clements of good picture ?'' I asked
 Air" answered Carolus Duran enthusias tically. "Plenty of airl There can never be too much air in pictures"
 orist e''' eo- Color, of course,p he replied; ssbut did 1t never strike you how the greatest coIorists have always come from the countries where there IS comparatively but little color? It is not from the sunniest parts of Italy that we have the greatest masters of color. No: it IS rather In comparatively gloomy chimes that an artist feels the full value of colors This IS curious fact, and if you look into art his tory you will find I am right ? ss 7-5'.
 And an understanding of the full value and mo ,hnl SaI o,, quired
 "Ah, that is of the most vital importance to the artist. Hens, for example, in the les- sons give my pupils, I invariably point ont all the meaning that can be extracted from q subject, Take the victims of Ciree, as an in stance. show them thefull lesson embod- jed in this story and then tell them how to treat it, describe to them the worn-out de- bauchee, the set, the glutton. It is not ne- cessary that the companions of Ulysses should be depicted with shouts and tails to show the public that they have ceased to be men and have undergone some transforma tion." n But one of our leading artists, Britton :. R1v1ere, treated that subject differently. He gave the pigs human expression"
 That, to my mind, is not the proper treat inent' replied Duran That savors more of caricature than of real art. The thing to do is to show that the men are pigs, not that the pigs are men"
 Your lectures must be most interesting reading" I remarked.
 T have file of them. I intend publish ing them some day. They may be of ser vice, perhaps, to art.
 After few more words about the great masters (by the way, Carolus Duran utterly despises the idol of Vienna, Hans Mackart') took my leave of the greatest French col orlst now living and one of the most charm ing and unaffected men whom Providence has sver endowed with genius.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24

The increasing prevalence of forest fires in dry seasons is to be made the subject of special inquiry by census authorities. It will be investigated under the general direction of Mir. Charles s. Sargent, expert and special agent of the census office. He has addressed a circular letter to the officers of every town, and to responsible persons in every district the country where such fires are known to exist. These letters call for information in regard to the acreage burned and value de- stroyed last year; an approximate statement of the same kind for the last ten years; the causes of such fires, and the methods by which they may be prevented or diminished. It is hoped that all those persons to whom the circular will be forwarded will give the subject the attention which it deserves.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24

A number of English coal mines are being worked under the ocean, In Northumberland the net available quantity of coal under the sea is estimated at 4O3, ,Ooo, 900 tons, and on the Durham coast under the sec, including breadth of three and half miles with an area of seyenty-one square miles, 734, 300, GOO tons. The latter mine is in vein of an ag- gregate thickness of thirty feet distributed in six seams. Engineers are considering how it can be worked successfully in the future.
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24

the State museum, Governors private secre-
 tary, and a small army of deputies, all at ex-
 orbitant salaries. The revenue to support all
 this fuss and feathers has been drawn chiefly from the tax on bullion and cattle, which in the past have furnished it iberaIly. There are fourteen counties in the State, with equally elaborate governments, which have been extrayagantly supported from the same sources, though, of course, all species of property have borne their share of taxation. But the flush times have gone by, and, though the States credit is good and it has 8 large school fund from which it can borrow, it is only question of time when the re-, sources will be inadequate to meet the ex- penses. All sorts of propositions are being discussed to avert the threatened danger, and the correspondent thinks the bsst thing that could be done would be to abolish the State and either return to Territorial form of government or attach the Territory to Cali fornia. He predicts that unless something now unlocked for turns up, the population of Nevada will diminish one-h half within the next five years -s-.5t-= +
Morning journal and courier., 1881-01-24
tguurnai alla Gpurier.
EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY HARRINGTON & CO,
Monday Morning, Jan. a4, 1881.

Eo. 400 State Street, Courier Building. s-sss I. oARRINaroN.
 EDWARD T. oARn1NaroS. soHNB. oARRrseros, sR.