New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1881-05-06
NEW PUBLICATIONS.
rur HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE. by BY
EDWARD a: FkEEaAS, d. aH~''
Text OPP. xix, 905 and Maps.


rHF HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE s s1 T
RpwARD A. FKEEMAS, Del, LID N"'' 0''
Text OPP. XIX, 9Osl and Maps ,s
Mr. Freeman explains the purpose OF TINS JIM
portant work in preface which Is mo0ei VI SND
olicty clcarness and modcsty. lie hSs ui'uoi
20 trace ont the extent Of varons states az
t;mos aud 10 Mace the various changes III their que
sIa.inr o. ors another and 10 their canses. Great
o;sakes a. 70 the facts Of history are often eaaseu
,hron,h our speaking and thinking as If the names
- d,0ereut countries-England, France, Austria
aud "a on--had always meant exactly the same eA-
tent Of Territory The aim of the present NoIk ~
6rst TO draw the map of the countries ol EhioP0 %
they appeared after successive changes anu H'D
point out the historical causes when ieu " ~
changes on the map. Primarily the AUTHOR - -
cerned only with political divisions; Ou' DC
also Of the nature Of the land and the peopie "n'
occupv il 50 far as these have lniiuenced 'o POM"
cal divisions. Physical geography mas "i""!' 10y,
a oreat eject upon history and the dispersons ana
,os,,eps Of peoples are among the chief causes IN
determining political boundaries. Thus IN tracing
tho geography of Europe the author necessarily
sketches the complete history of al the European
States and the lands beyond the ocean when W'ro
nIanted from Europe. But we cannot better Sno"
the scopo and spirit of Mr. Freemans labor than oy
copyinc his concluding sentences:
We have throughout kept steadily before orr eyes
life we have seen how the older states OF Europe
gradually lose themselves IN the DOMINION OF NUM-
how the younger States gradually spIlns on. VI lao
dominon of Rome. We have followed, A. 0ur cen
frnl subjects the fates Of those powers IN inc EAss
and West which continued the Roman name anu
Roman traditions We nave tlacey VG. ',I ~ tenn
Those powers and the States which arose OeS oh h
the rang Of Roman power ent not Deyonn t thc
range of hv|an ';fluence We nave So, 81 IN, ~
western Empire irst pass to a German prince, theh
gradually shrink into German kingdon 20 90
finally dissolved into German eoniedcratlOh NO
have watched the States which split Oh at various
dates from its body, the power of France on one
side the power OF Austria on another the PoM'ls ~
of talv on q third the free states OF SWITCHING at
one end the free States Of the Netherlands n me
other We have beheld the long tragedy OF the
Eastern Rome: we have told the tale OF the iates
which split g from II and arose around H. We nave
seen its territorial position pass 10 Dai oulan ~
vader and something like us POSITION IN men 3
minds pass TO the mightest OF MS spiritual VlscpS.
And we have seen. painted on the map ~ our own
century, the beginning ~ the great WofF WAiSh -
giving back the lands of the Eastern Rome 10 their
own people. We have then traced the shllthgs OF
the pow ers which lag wholly or partly beyond inc
bounds Of either Empire, he great Slafohlc m9lh-
land the Scandinavian and the lberlan p"nihsaits,
ending with that which Is geographically Inc m9st
isolated land of all. the other world of Britain we
have seen too how Europe may he said TO have
sprrad herself beyond her geographical limits in the
foundation of new European States beyond inc
ocean. We have contrasted the different positions
aud dcstinics OF the colonizng European powers
Where as in the DAYS of Old Rome, cor ilnu0dS
territory has been extended over neghbOung mar
harlan lands-Whcrc growth beyond the sea was lio
natural outcome OF growth at hIIne-wheIe Euip-
pean powers have cOOniZed and conquered simply
OF their own free win In thus tracing the lhst0Ti,
cal geography of Europe. have made the round
of the world. But have never lost slgnt or
Europe; we have never lost sight Of Rome.
Wherever We have gone we have caI1iel Ehropc
with us; wherever we have gone, we have never
got beyond the power of the two influences which,
minglng into one have made Europe al that D. pas
been The whole of European history Is embosbcd
in the formula which couples together the rule OF
Christ and Cesar" aud that joint rule still goes on,
in the shape of moral influence. wherever the
tongues and the culture of Europe win new realms
for themselves in the continents Of the, western or
IN the islands of the southern ocean.
His style is notable for uc' iity and naturalnoss,
and a subject which in most hands would be ex-
fremely dry becomes under his treatment bright
and interesting The maps s'xty-five in number.
arc small but sufficiently detailed for the purpose
they are intended to serve. and the indication OF
boundaries by coiored lines is very clear.
THE FIVE GREAT MONARCrIIEs OF TIE ANCIENT
EASTERN WORLD. by GRoRGE RAwLiNsoN NJ 4
3vols syo, PIP XXI $50 VII, $50; viii' oG7' Dodd'
Mead s. Go.
TIE new edition Of this standard and valuable
work, just Issued by II New-YOrK house corresponds
so nearly in typography with the English edition
which has had exclusive possession of our market
for the past ten years that it might easily be mis-
L ken for London made book imported in sheets
1t is nevertheless a reprint The beauty Of the type
reflects great credit upon the American printers. the
cIearness and ledbty of the smaller fonts used in
fshe foot-notes, index etc, deserving particular
notice. The copiOus illnstratOns-Over four hun
drcd in number-are not reproduced with 80 much
elegance as tho text, the publishers having con
tented themselves with quicker and more cconomi-
cal process than that of the eugayers tool but as
cost has thus been saved, the students who have
been unable to afford themselves the luxury of an
Fnglish copy of ftis standard work viii not be