davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Drnwing.Roon En,ertn,nmen,.

A drawing-room entertainment in aid
of the Central Dlspensary will be held at the resi-
dence of Mrs. Carlisle on the 18Th instant The
best amateur talent in the city has been secured,
and, this Is most worthy and deserving charity,
1t should be well pntronizcd. Tickets Will be on
sale at the residence of Chief-Jus,ice Waite from
two to FIVE p. IN. on and after to- morrow.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Washington Light Guard.

The Washington Light Guard, at special meeting
held Saturday evening, accepted an invitation ten
dered by Union Lodge. I. o, o. f., TO attend the fai
now in progress at Odd Fellows Hall, East Washing
ton, and selected Thursday evening for the propset
visit, subsequently the company's fair c Ommitte
met at the residence Of Mr.. Henry Larman, No. II
Fourth street southeast, where the visitors hos
pitably entertained TT the close of proceedings,
National Republican., 1881-12-05
New Pnpcrin nnI,Imorc,

The management ofthe new Baltimore paper, the
Times which is to take the place of the Gazette has
II Is said, secured Mr. James H. Young for chief of its
Was hington bureau Mefsrs. A. NJ. SOteldO s. p.
Butler; and ", 4; West are TO be associated With
him. The office Will be the formerly occupied BY
the Boston Herdid, on Fourteenth street which wifi
be connected with the Baltimore Office by private
National Republican., 1881-12-05
NEW YORK REPUBLICANS.
An Old.Tinae Meeting Saturday Night
The Old Omcera All Reelected.

The fact that we are now living under
an out-and-out Republican administration was
most forclbly illustrated by the meeting OF the
New York Republican Association on Saturday
night at st. Georges Hail. IL being the largest ana
most enthusiastic meeting they have held for some
years. the hall being actually packed The an
nual reparts Of the officers showed that the asso-
citation is In splendid condition, both as TO mem
bership and finances, and, judging from the way
the quarterly dues poured into the hands OF the
financial secretary (something over $780, tisunder-
stood), pecuniary affairs will be the least Of their
troubles for some time to come, The management
of the affairs Of the association by Its old officers
was so well appreciated that they were all unani-
mously reelected, as follows: Hon. A. NJ. Clapp
president; II. W. Andrews, first vice president; N
G. Martin, second vice president; @. " N. Ogden,
secretary d. NJ. Davis, assistant secretaryj D. r.
Murray, financial secretary, and w. II. Hills,
treasurer. The executive committee were also
Thompson, Weston Flint George II. Shoulders, j.
ii. Clifford, and A. NJ. Legg About n dozen new
received and referred to the executive committee
to be. reported on at the next meeting. II was
stated that some New Workers who were prominent
in the association In the old days Of It's prosperity
and
WHOM THE ASSOCIATION AIDED MATERIALLY
| in securing good positions, but who then basely
deserted II, and have since refused to be identi.
| fed with II in any way but have snubbed and
turned up their noses at II and theirold comrades,
| are seeking to be readmitted. Such applications
Will be referred to the executive committee for re-
| port in accordance with the facs. rather
lengthy report was read from n select committee,
proposing to raise a fand by subscription, to be
| used exclusively for transportation purposes, the
amounts to be returned to the subscribers either
in money or transportation tickets at reduced
rates. They expect to have sufficient money in
| this fund next fall to enable them to purchase
| railroad tickets, in lots of fifty or more,
| aud pay for them In cash. instead Of depending
on verbal contracts with railroad companies, which
are of no material advantage 70 either side. The
Association 10 Hon William Malone, Hon George
| q. Gorham, and others was informally discussed
by the members, but as no official notice had been
received from the Virginia association. and IL was
understood that no definite day had been fixed
upon for the occasion, no official action was taken.
| When the time comes the New Workers will be on
hand. Amer very eloquent, forcible, and inspir-
| ing address by the president, Hon A. NJ. Clapp,
which was received with tumultuous applause the
association adjourned.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Tic Eliza G,oneert,
Ilnnnln IIn

Lincoln Hall will no doubt be filled tonight at the
concert OF Mile, Marie Iita, This young vocalist has
made Rn envAblo reputation In this country since hel
return tfom Europe, and her assistants tonight WI
embrace well known artists. The popular price oi
admission should induce crowded attendance,
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Prominent Arrivals.

ARLINeToN.-General N. NJ Curtis New York
Lorenzo MOntuiar, special minister, Guatemala, $.
Fellows, MASSACHUSETTS, Daniel Warneken, Bremen,
Germany BENJAMIN Bggleston, Cincinnati, Ohio
oRare Nodbc neI M%SeRRGh y Rshner H. and nj RooE
New York; j. Howard Manchester, Bristol, II, l.
WILIARDs.- Hon. w S. Dickinson, Malone, n. VI
Frank Thomas, H. E, Miller, q, kenkendorf it,, New
York c. x smith, Colorado; q. II. Fox, New York;
p. oeaIy, OH CITY, Pa; w +. Fitzgerald vcksburg,
Mass Mass 9TsS WSsTon SnSEo SoRSrado n JACOBS "eO''e'
RIees.-T, II. Mitchell, Ray stone and J. W; VIII
tS1m NsT So[E J9nei aa9 L9uiFsns M
II Van Bcnthuesen, New Jersey; q. :. bright Penn.
sylyanin; j. d. White, Kentucky II; Rodcline and
danapolls
ST. J4Nrs.-y. H. ThSmas, Dayton, Ohio; =. r.
w%n weese CGISrp!a N VAL A. Watson B2slop pr III a.
II, j. Casey. Covington, Ky.i r. T. Goodal, Pitts
SeoSg g. Tsyhe me- E 8 berv e. e sNS Fran
cisco
EpprTr.--willlam NJ. Clark, Colorado; william
nS kedse hyerpco S 20 j. EpS Ms"ce s. s2u, Il Rver STH
salt Lake J. 4. Nunez L6ulsvillei A. q Sands, Gin.
ortmRn, Detroit; Alfred Whitaker, Ohio
. NATIoSA1--H. NJ. Lane Massachusetts,; F. II.
Synder Jersey Ci,y N NJ Myrlck. s.: Paul Eugene
stone, Detrolti d. G. Iialiontync Ncbraska; p. j.
8ronRST sayapnsh pnSls Dr H. Boutwell, Manches
Brdgers, North Carolina; ID. g ididdns, Tcxasy Benz
PSSdephSa Moore Or cSfS6SS o6c snm Nas IT, jSrre Jar lsf
New York; Il ii. Peters, Newark, r. J.
ST. MAgc1George &c, w; Holmcs, New ,Yo-k; John
James Bennett, Pennsylvania,
wELcKER's-Mr sclayer and Mr.. Laird, Pitts
6BRiSS 6BRRiES Mr. Harris Lancaster Pa Joseph DnmShu
HAltIIroN.-w. II. Mooney, NJ. I. Motto, Boston;
p. ii. Woodward, Windhan, Mass.
MogILEYs-G. A. Coolidge, Boston, l. L. Ashurst
National Republican., 1881-12-05
"Onr GnbiIns.n

Niltchells pleasure party, while small organl2a-
on is said to be able TO afford evening Of fexueme
enjoyment In the burlesque of"our doblins Tale Of
the Rhne,n which they win present az Ford's Opera
House tonight. There Ii said to be Ia the piece u
large amount of good, familiar music and u vast
nm uf Iu.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
EsoIo nt she RIuls.

The first polo match OF The season Will be played at
tho Rink tonight between teams of the Reds and
Blues of the Washington Polo Club. Polo on wheels
Is such an Interesting and exciting sport that II can
not tail to draw large audience. Doors open NJ 7;i5
surface cleared for game al S3l, SchrOeder's Orches
ira will enlVen the evening With some choice selec
National Republican., 1881-12-05

The case Of Captain Henry w. Howgats, motion
to quash an attachment against his property, was
called In the Circuit Court Saturday morning and
after brief statements by the counsel both Sides set
down peremptorily for hearing next Saturday.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
4 L1rrLE G1RL LFouNp.-Wonders for Xmas, 421 81


"A good audience was present Saturday evening In
the parlOrs of the Spencerian Business. College TO
listen to the readings of Mr. f. @. Townsend in aid OF
the Bethany Free Kindergarten. Mr.. Townsend has
been reader and teacher Of elocution In this city
for nuinher of years, and his appearance in public
has always been warmly welcomed. Ills selections
Saturday night were particularly happy, and nearly
every number was encored.
National Republican., 1881-12-05

Treasurer Gilfllan has received the following sub
scriptions to the Garfield Memorial Hospital; Church
ofthe Epiphany sa90j Central Presbyterian Church,
$40; German Lutheran Concordla Church, $40
Albert Tower, Poughkeepsle, n. ". 800: Robert
u. small philadelphia, Pa, $50; Congregational
il2.3O; A. Fulton, Shamokln, Pa, SIS.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Roys'

Overcoats and ulsters to suit those OF an
economical turn Of mind as we'll as the most fas:
udious, Eiseman Brothers, corner ofseyenth and
National Republican., 1881-12-05

silver shield, with the inscription James A.
Garfield, born November 10, 1884, died September 10
1881 has been placed upon the pow of the late Pres
dent, at the Christian Church, by Robert A. White
head. The signature is fac-simile OF the late Presi
dents autograph.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
EorplUn Malta

The foreign mails for the week ending Saturday.
December 10, ISL will close ut the New York post
Office on Wednesday at $3.50 m for Europe, by
steamship Arizona via Queenstown Correspondence
for France must be specially addresscd), and at n
m. for Europe, by steamship Parthla, via Queens
town Especially addressed correspondence only) aud
at n. m. for France direct, by steamship Labrador
via Havre; on Thursday, at 1890 M for Europe, 10y
steamship Celtic, via Queenstown; on Saturday, ut
a. M, for Ireland, by steamship City of New York
via Queenstown Correspondence for Great Britain
aud other European countries must be specially ad-
dressed and at o. NJ for Scotland direct, by steam
ship AnciOra, via Glasgow, aud at H. m., for Bel
gium direct, by steamship Nederland, via Antwerp,
ana ut u H. M, for Europe, by steamship NcCkar, via
Sonthanpton and Bremen. The mails for Brazil and
Argentine Republic close on Monday at IL m. The
malls for Haytl close ON Tuesday ut ] y. m. The
mails for Newfoundland close on Tuesday at u. M.
The mails for Honduras and Livingston close on
Tuesday ~ $50 p. IN. The malls for Nassau. n. P.,
close ON Thursday at 1880 p. m. The mails for Cuba
close ON Thursday nt l3l y. m. The malls Tor Brazil
and Argentine Republic, via Richmond, close on
Thursday at 1880 T. IN. The mails for Venezuela and
CurncOa close on saturday at n. m. The mails for
Aspinwnll and south Pacific close on Saturday at 10
a. M The malls for Jamaica. Greytown. and Blue
helds close on saturday ut II o. NJ. The malls for
cuba close on saturday at 1880 D. IN. The mails for
IruxillO Ruatan, and Bay Islands close on Sunday
at 1880 r. m. The mails for Australia. &C. close De
ceiuIcr II at G:3O The mails for China and Japan
close December 10 ut $3.50 H. m.
National Republican., 1881-12-05

The grand jury, besides the indictments brought In
Saturday, published elsewhere, also presented -four
against Mr. Frederick d. Lilly late Deputy Sixth Au
ditor and two against George Il. Brott for frauds in
connection with the carrying OF the mails. Bench
warrants were issued, aud Mr.. Lilly gave ball IN
the sum Of 5000, Mr.. L. M. Baker becoming his
qurpty
National Republican., 1881-12-05
December /, 2, and 8, 1881.

The Children's Doll Garden Party utu be
on exhibition IN our DindoaO all Of nert ,ceek.
From December l re piH offer the finest se-
lection Of Rich Dolls and Fancy Goods, suit
able for Holiday Presents, heretofore placed
on sale byus. Orr stock Of Real Lace Goods,
we think, is The largest and best selected IN
Washington. Our Stock Of Dress and Cloak
Trimmings, Buttons, and Fur Trimmings Is
complete in all The new styles and varieties.
For his seasons requisites, TO make room for
our HOLIDA Y GOODS, aUe wiH reduce our
Misses and Children's Velvet and Slk so per
cent. from marked prices, A t,ll line Of Real
Lace, Real Tortoise She'll and lUory Fans.
Our customers had better purchase early, wl,ih
our stock Of HOLIDA Y GOODSis complete
and dUoid the rush during Christmas Week
We Invite the Children and the Public in gen.
crdl to our Children's Doll Garden Party.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
ahteIo yoo. uox.


FROM contracting colds by keeping them warn
and comfortably clad. Elseman Brothers, corner
ofseyenth and T. will 1T them out to your salts
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Post Yourselves


BY examining our stock and comparing our
prices before purchasing elsewhere. Eiseman
Brothers, clothiers and taiors, corner Of Seventh
and streets
National Republican., 1881-12-05
DISTRICT BREvITIEs.
The weather Tn.nnn.

For the Middle atlantic States clearing
,oeaer, nothey fnds, becoming pdrtdble, stationary
or higher temperature
For Washington a. n,,-Fdir tooGther, digh change
IN temperature.
The following were the thermome.ric readings
yesterday a. M, 400; II a. M, 44o p. m 1882
7p.m, 40; IL p. M, $3.50; maximum 4s.9o.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
A TRUE TONIC.

IRON BITTERs arc highly recommended for all
Diseases requiring certain and efficient tonic es-
peciany indigestion Dyspepsia, Intermittent Fcrers,
Want Of appetite, Loss of Strength, Lack Of Energy,
&c. Enriches Me bood strengthens ne muscles and
gttes netp lie 10 The nerpes. They act Ike charm on
he digestive organs rcmoping all dyspepic symptoms,
such as tasting ne food, belcin9, heat IN ne stomach,
heartburn, &C. The only Iron Preparation that toM
nOtt'deken ne teeth or gre headache Write for The
B Book, 80 pages, amusing and useful reading. sent
free
Brown CHEMICAL COMPANY. Baltimore, Md.
National Republican., 1881-12-05

THE highest cash prices paid for dresses and
gents clothing, watches, jcwelry &c. Call on or ad
dress Herzog, 30s Ninth street. near Pennsylvania
avatiua
National Republican., 1881-12-05
"AIderney Dn,ry W.uo,..-
Iron Bitters.

Fresh Alderney butter churned every morning
and delivered in l&lb. "Ward" prints at Soc per To-
Also cottage cheese, &c. per ball buttermilk, &C.
per quart, and sweet milk &C. per quart.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
unbrouten Assortme,t
In NIcmorr of Garfield.

BnbrOHen Aas0rtment
OF business and dress suits at Elseman Brothers
corner OF Seventh and L streets.
National Republican., 1881-12-05

n~SJys NoTICE-THE ANNUAL MEETING OF
~ the Stockholders OF the Masonic Hall Associa-
ton for the election of Directors, will be beld at the
Masonic Temple, corner Of Ninth and streets, on
MONDAY EVENING, December 8. at 1890 o'clock.
de2-3t NOBLE ID. LARNER, Secretary.
National Republican., 1881-12-05

sSS CORCORAN BUILDING.
SOLICITORS OF CLAIMS before Congress and
the Departments. de23m
National Republican., 1881-12-05

n<ll3o OFFICE NATIONAL RBPUBLICAN,
RSS WAsuNGToN Dec. I, 1881
The annual meeting of the stockholders of THE
NATIONAL REPUBLICAN, Printing and Publishing
Company for the election OF seven trustees, to serve
for the ensuing year will be held at the office of the
company on SATURDAY, December n, between the
de2-dtd Secretary.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
The SIict;d Baths,

Enc Shcd0 bnths.
Turkish, Russian, and Sulphur Baths. 903
street. Only first class bath In the city.
National Republican., 1881-12-05
Nye SPECIAL NOTICE.

HGlys FRENCH TAUGHT ORALLY. NO MORE
sSS grammar. am prepared 10 teach OH A. Sar-
dous oral system, the simplest, quickest and most
practical. Many years experience in best schools In
The city. Address Professor g. GlNESI, Post -Oiice
GIL nO2Gm
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1881-10-12
FOxhaII.

AS was stated in yesterdays CRITIC, ]. X.
Keene's horse Foxhall, won the Cesarewitch
stakes at Newmarket yesterday. Foxhall
is three year-old bay colt of good size and
fine muscular development. He was bred
by A. j. Alexander at the WOODBURY. farm,
in Kentucky, and was bought by Mr..
Keene's agent in 1870 for $3.50. His sire is
King Alfonso, the son of the imported stall
lion PhRton, whose sire was King Tom.
King Alfonso's dam was Capitola, daugh.
ter Of Vandal. King Alfonso was foaled in
| 1872, and was an excellent race-horse, but
was injured and retired early. He is the
sire of Grenada, Fossa, Alfambra, Lavacca
and other well-knOwn racers, as well as of
Mr.. Keene's two colts Foxhall and Don Flu
lano. FOxhall.s dam is Jamaica, q daughter
of Lexington by Fanny Ludlow, she by i'm
ported Eclipse out of Mollie Jackson. Thus
Foxhall's breeding combines the choicest
strains. He was sent to England last year,
and won his first race at Newmarket, October
ID, when he won the Bedford stakes. The
next day he was second in the Ashley stakes,
and on October % he won the Briefly
Nursery handicap. This year, in the City
and Suburban handicap his performance in
running second to Bend Or was considered
so good that English turfmen gave him a
| high place among the three-year. olds. By
an unfortunate oversight Foxball was not
entered for the two thousand guineas
Derby OF st. Leger, but on June IL he won
the Grand Prix de Paris after n gallant con-
test, in which nine other horses took part.
In this race the struggle toward the finish
was very exciting, Foxhall beating Tristan
only by head. Foxhall's second appear
ance in England this year was at Ascot
Heath on June 10, when he ran in the
race for the gold cup, a distance of two and
a-half miles. The favorte, Robert the
Devil, won by five lengths, Foxhall never
standing higher than third, and finishing
fourth. On September 90, at the New
market first October meeting, Foxhall had
better luck, winning the Grand Duke
Michael stakes from three competitors, the
second place being secured by his half
brother, Don FulanO This is the second
time an American horse has won the
Ccsarewitch stakes, Mr.. Ten Broeck's
| Pioneer having won the race in 1867
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1881-10-12
The Rush for the Trains.
Eight Monks Murdered.

A shocking murder, says the 81. James
Gazette, was committed fortnight ago at q
monastery near the forest of Vranyo-Selo,
in Hungary. This monastery, which was
inhabited by eight monks who were be-
lieved to be wealthy, was attacked by a
band of brigands, but an alarm having been
given body of soldiers came to the rescue.
The brigands endeavored to barricade
themselves in the monastery and exchanged
several shots with the soldiers, who were
more than an hour before they could force
an entrance When they did get in they
found the monks lying gagged on the floor,
but could find no trace OF the brigands. AT
ter the monks had been set at liberty they
informed their delivers that the
brigands had escaped by an underground
passage leading from the cellar into the
forest. The soldiers at once searched for
the passage, while the monks went off to
the chapel to give thanks for their delivery
The soldiers, having explored the cellar
and having failed to find the door of the
passage, came back to ask one of the monks
to act as their guide; but they were no.
where to be seen. In the course of further
investigations, however, they found the
dead bodies of the eight monks in small
room, and the mystery was then solved. The
brigands, seeing that they could not escape,
had murdered the monks and hidden theil
bodies in this room, having first stripped
them of their clothes and put them on
themselves. Then they gagged one an
other to deceive the soldiers, and while the
latter were searching in the cellar had made
off to their Businesses in the forest
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1881-10-12
Cabinet SpeculatiOns.

1t is said that President Arthur will send
to the Senate to-day or tomorrow for con-
firmation the name Of some one to take
charge Of the Treasury portfolio. He will
also, it is said, send in the name of Attor-
ney-General MacVeaghs successor, who has
virtually withdrawn from the Cabinet.
Mr.. Blaine's successor will not be ap-
pointed for several days, for the reason that
Mr.. Blaine has had charge Of all the for
eign visitors to Yorktown, and will con-
tinue to discharge the duties of the State
Department until that event is over, when
his resignation will be received.
1t is pretty generally understood that
notwithstanding Mr.. James desire to re-
main in the Cabinet until Congress meets,
he will be asked to step down and out in a
very few days.
If the report is true that Judge Folger, of
New York, is to be appointed Secretary of
the Treasury or Attorney. General, Mr..
James will be called on to vacate at n very
early day.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1881-10-12
Cumberland Coal Trade.

The shipments from the mines of the
Cumberland coal region for the week ended
Saturday, October g. were 5000 tons, and
for the year to that date 1,599,651 tons, a
decrease Of 50,366 tons as compared with the
corresponding period of 1880. The coal was
carried to tide-water as follows: Baltimore
& Ohio Railroad-Week, 26,970 tons; year,
1,026,9S9 tons; increase over 1880, 39,S08
tons. Chesapeake g. Ohio Canal-Week,
21,9ss tons; year, 354,261 tons, decrease of
13O,354 tons as compared with the corre-
spending period of 1880. Pennsylvania
Railroad-Week, 6,912 tons; year, ,961
tons; increase over 1880, 1884 tons. The
coal was brought from the mines as follows
Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad
Week, 1874 tons; year, 1,41s,724 tons.
Georges Creek and Cumberland Railroad
Week, 10,364 tons; year, 12A7SS tons. Balti-
more & Ohio Railroad-Week, 1,760 tons;
year, 52,430 tons.
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1881-10-12

Detective McDevitt has returned to the
city from 81. Louis, whittier he had gone
with warrant to convey Jacob M. Cohen,
the defaultipg jcweler, back to Washington,
the scene of his career Of fraud. The charge
upon which Cohen was arrested in st. Louis
was obtaining under false pretenses $1,000
from Louis Kaufman, of this city. Nc
Dewitt found the prisoner in custody, but
upon Cohen's refusal to return with him the
authorities decided that upon the warrant
Cohen could not be compelled to accompany
the detective. This is but one of the many
instances in which skillful or dangerous
criminals who have been held in other cities
have escaped punishment from the fact that
Washington, unlike any other city or State
in the Union, cannot, under these circum-
stances compel fugitives from justice to re-
turn to the jurisdiction of her courts. A
case now exists in which man who is
indicted in Washington for hotel robbing is
held in Baltimore, but he, refusing to be
brought back, the authorities are unwilling
to give him up, except on q requisiton
signed by the President. There should cer-
tainly be some means of changing this state
of affairs
The Evening critic. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1881-1885, 1881-10-12
THE EVENING CRITIC.
The rournnment Yesterday.
MsTABLIsHED AItattsT. 1858

grand tournament, participated in by
fifteen gallant knights, was the big feature
of the Fair yesterday Fifteen States were
represented in the contest, as follows Ala
bama, represented by Mr.. Scaggs; Arkan-
sas, by Mr.. Benjamin Oliver California,
by Mr.. A. ii. Cornwell Colorado, by Mr..
b. o. Barnes; West Virginia, by Mr.. G. w.
Stewart = Iowa, by Mr.. David X. Hughes
Kentucky, by Mr. Charles G. Pierce Mary
land, by Mr.. J. E. Shugrue; Missouri, by
Mr.. d. M. Hoagland; North Carolina, by
Mr.. II. ]. Hughes; Ohio, by Mr.. w. =.
Pierce South Carolina, by Mr.. Thomas s.
Casper; Virginia, by Mr.. J. X. Stewart !;
Florida, by Mr.. John T. Hughes Dakota,
by Mr.. w. l.. Thomas.
The riding was very spirited, and, after
many ties between Messrs Charles G. Pierce,
J.,E. Shugrue and w. p. Pierce, the prize
was carried of by the latter-named gen.
tleman.
The grand marshal was Major Goodloe,
of the United States Marine Corps. The
judges were: r. II. Darne, Virginia J. 8.
Delano, Washington; James Il. Waddey,
Alexandria, Jesse Cornwell, Virginia
Thomas Somcrville, Washington. The
horsemanship displayed by tho knights was
of the highest merit, and elected the most
enthusiastic applause from the few who
were present