davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14
ss,Ss- "
THE POTATO.

Botanists tell us that the potato, as a
plant, is member of the great natural or.
der solanacee, or night-shade family. In
one place in Appleton's new encyclopedia
it is stated that this family contains $50,
in Il second it is given at 900, while in Prof.
Woods "Class-Book OF Botany" the all-
thor states that it has 81 genera, and that
its species are estimated by Dunal at 1000
or more. The species are quite generally
disseminated but are most abundant IN the
tropics. 1t is highly important family.
the larger part of its genera possessing a
very poisoning narcotic principle that per-
yades both fruit and leaves. 1t furnishes
some Of the most active medicines, as the
hyocyalnus, or henbane, atropa belladonna,
or deadly night-shade, datura stranonium,
or jamestown weed, sometimes called
thorn-apple, nicotlana, or tobacco, etc. AT
the same time, se> eral species of this family
afford food for man that is agreeable to the
taste, heathful and nutritious. not because
such are tree from the narcotic principle,
but because it is driven off by heating Or
cooking, or is dissipated by ripening in the
sun. Such are the well-known tubers Of
the potato, the fruit of the eggplant, the
tomato, and the physatis or strawberry to-
mato.
The poisonous narcotic found in the fruit
and leaves is an alkaloid called either SOL
anime or narcotine. The first is such an ac-
tive poison that four grains will kill dog.
The genus capsicum, or cayenne pepper, is
free from this alkaloid. but has strong
aromatic odor, and acrid or pungent taste.
This great order or family of plants is
composed almost entirely of herbs or small
shrubs, mainly unarmed, while some are
armed or prickly, as the eggplant. Its
characteristic genus is solanum.
This genus contains the common potato.
or solanum tuberosum, the eggplant, black
night-rhade, bitter-sweet and Jerusalem
cherry. The potato is native Of Chill and
Peru, in south America, where it is still
found in its wild state. When found in its
Indigenous state it is quite small, and when
cooked it has salvy consistency, like Il
very young tuber of the peachblow, with
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

four times as large, but in proportion to the
bulk of its body, the Leghorn, under prop
er treatment, will yield egg that are thor
oughly respectable in size; and the only
wonder is that when the comparatively
small bodies of the fowls are taken into ac-
count, they can by any process of nature
produce the weight of eggs yielded up ev-
cry season during the period of their use
fnlness.
Then, too, a flock Of Leghorn fowls are
real beauties about any gentleman's place,
and no less around the cottage Of the hum
blest laborer. 10 be sure they have not the
magnificent solidity Of some of the larger
breeds, but solidity OF bulk and magnitude
OF size do not by any any means constitute
beauty. Neither have they the ornamental
plumage OF the breeds whose greatest at
traction are feathers. But there is no more
perfect black plumage than that Of the
Black Leghorn, no white purer than that Of
the white branch of this family, while the
Brown Leghorn, cock and hen alike, are
gifted by nature with dress of beauty
which may well invite the careful study of
the most gifted artist. But his ''style" is
perhaps the principal glory of the Leghorn
cock of all varieties, and a more wide-awake,
independent, self-responsible appearing fel-
low it would be hard to find in all the fami-
ly OF Gallus. Look at him as he leads his
graceful lady companions in search Of the
choicest worm or the most toothsome bug.
Admire the dignity. the pride, the grace
with which every movement is attended
There is no attectation in the fellow. You
may thing so at first sight, but he is not Il
dapper 'youhg gentleman polished up
for the occasion. Every movement is his
own, is born with him, and will be carried
through his brief existence. The counter
teiting is not on his side; and as to the
young MAXWELL we are not writing about
him: 1t is a great deal more pleasant to
write concerning our feathered pets, and es-
pecially branch Of the family deserving 80
well as the Leghorn. 1t is no wonder that
the breeders of this variety grow enthusias-
tic over their good qualities, and that the
thousands of owners far and near admire
their Inherent beauty, while other thousands
VINO probably never owned pure-blooded
fowl in their lives, point TO their best egg
producing mongrels with emphatic pride,
and assert, ''She's got Leghorn blood in her.
She's the best layer l ever saw, ,'-Am.
Poultry Yard.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

sort of earthly favor, and scarcely palatable.
In its native home it grows high up in
the mountains, and being within the trop-
les it has an almost uniform temperature
from 60 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit. Hum
boldt gives the lowest at IS degrees, and
maximum at 81 degrees. 1t is said to do
best when found growing in ravines, III
leaf mold, with dry sub-soil. aud rather
moist and cool atmosphere.
In Mexico there are two tubcr-bearinp
species of soarium one is S. Fendleri, and
the other S. Jamesi, neither is edible nor
worthy of growing except as curiosity.
The leaves of the one once grew closely
resembled the common potato, but it's sin
gle tuber was long, of small diameter, with
deep, alternate eyes, add was hard and
woody. Though the potato was 50 recent
~ introduced among the culinary vegeta-
oles, we do not know the exact date nor in
what condition it was first found. It does
no seem to have been known by the natives
OF North America. Whether the ancient
Peruvians cultivated 1T or not is not now a
matter of record within the knowledge of
the writer.
1t is known that in 1882 Francisco Pizar
TO, Spanard adventurer, took possession
OF Peru in the name of the Spanish govern
ment. Soon after that we read of the pota-
to in Spain; next in Italy. From Spain it
was carried to Virginia, ana from Span
ish settlement in Virginia, it was carried in
one of Sir Walter Raleigh's vessels to Eng
land in 1856.
When it began to come INTO cultivation
in Europe it created considerable excite
ment in agricultural circles; still Tor many
years i: found its way only to the tables of
the wealthy, where it was used only as d
dessert, as sweetmeat or fruit.
This useful esculent did not come into
general cultivation in the North American
provinces until it was brought back from
Europe by the English and French colon
ists.--Agriculturat World.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14
QNIhe Npnltrp Nard.
FOR EGGS oNI1s

70 the novice about starting in poultry
keeping, and sometimes for the more OF
less advanced breeder, tits essential to de
eide in advance what object is proposed tc
be accomplished, before the wisest decision
can be reached as to the breed or family tc
be invested in. One man desires good
fowl for all purposes; of breed from
which he can sell a portion Of his finest
stock to other breeders at fair market
prices; which will furnish stock for mar
keting when good prices can be procured,
and is also good for egg-producing and
chicken raising. This, man must select
carefully, for only few breeds fill these con-
ditions. Another makes speciality of ear
ly chickens for the market, and his purpose
is best met by large fowl maturing early,
of which the Houdon is a good example
but the Houdan would not answer the pur-
pose of No. l., as it is a non sitter, and he
must look elsewhere for mothers for his
chickens, and whoeven would raise Houdan
chicks must depend upon hens with the in
cubating instinct or upon the patented arti-
ClCs WilISii UNIV IohHlCiy 10 HoC
within the reach of breeders of ordinary
means.
Another party-and this man it the rep
resentative of large class-desires the
fowl that will furnish him absolutely the
most eggs. Other qualities are of no es-
pecial account, but the greatest number of
dozens. This man will unquestionably
find his ''best hold'' in the Leghorn family
With no disparagement to the other good
"egg- machines" many of which have their
ardent champions, it seems established, for
the purpose of egg-furnishing alone, the
Leghorn must be regarded as standing at
the head. Ofthe various sub-breeds black,
white, brown and Dominique-now known
to our standard, and Spangled, few of
which are bred, but not recognized, in this
country, we are not sure that it would be
just to designate any one as leading the
others. All are about alike excellent in
this respect, as we can affirm from personal
observation, and whoever has one branch
of the family is naturally apt to believe that
none of the others can quite equal his own.
1t is a mistake to suppose, as many do,
that the egg of the Leghorn is necessarily
a small one. Of course, it will not equal
in bulk the egg produced by fowl three or
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14
DEODORIZING POULTRY HOUSES.

correspondent writes to the Couat7u
Gentleman on this subject: [ would ad.
wise Margery, page 800, to proceed as fol
lows to overcome the the stencil in the
poultry house: The first step to be taken
is to secure thorough ventilation by placing
ventilators in the highest point of the build
ing, which will carry off all foul air. Then,
if the floors are of earth, this should be re-
moved to the depth of six or eight inches
and replaced with fresh soil, and afterWard.
frequent turning over with the spade will
freshen it. If they are plank floors, they
should always be covered with three or four
inches of coarse sand or fine gravel, as the
planks not only absorbe and retain great
deal OF the ammonical gas. from the drop
pings, but are also very injurious to poul-
try kept in confinement. They cause "bum-
Bile toot," cracked toes, and like ailments.
Il prefer the plank floors, removing the
sand and replacing with fresh as often as it
becomes necessarily Margery should also
put up a shelf Cif there is none already
about six or eight inches below the perches
and wide enough to catch all droppings
while the fowls are perching, and these
droppings should be removed every other
day, and ottener if convenient. Once
week the perches, shelves, nest boxes, etc.,
should be thoroughly saturated with kero-
sene oil, and busted with carbolate of lime.
which can be secured at any poultry supply
dealers. little goes great way. 1t
should be kept in a small sack ia ten pound
salt sack is excelent) and shaking this
sack over perches, ETC.. will deposit upon
them all that is necessary.
Ii Margery will follow this routine the
year round, and give the poultry house
good coat OF whitewash twice year. to
which should be added crude carbolic acid
in the proportion, of four ounces to the gal
lon, the poultry house will always be clean
and sweet and there will be no trouble
from vermln. Amateur poultrymen should
always bear IN mind that thorough ventila-
ton and cleanliness are the first essentials
to the successful raising of poultry.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

Transient advertisements PAYABLE in advance.
peon,ar advertisements payable quarterly.
rwpntv-iye per cent added for special advertise
incnts
i Remittances by registered letter, post-otice
6rder or draft at our SIX; but not at onr expense.
Anv enc failing to receive his paper regularly
Shoud notify us promptly by postal card
n subscriber desiring to change the post-office
direction of his paper must communicate to us the
name of the post-oflice to which has previously
Aeen sent. otherwise we may be unable comp
with his request
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

THERE are but few location where nota-
toes need watering after this date. On all
low bottom lands, where the soil is black. it
should be avoided. On dry, sandy points.
moderate supply will do no damage, but
1t must be applied with Judgment in all in
stances after the potatoes have attained any
size, as it is liable to injure the quality, and
1t Is better to curtail the yield slightly than
do this.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

4 nv multiplication of cotton seed oil
s ~ 'ne southern States is rapid. There
~ ut'sk demand for the oil both in this
~ ~ anu Europe, for lubricating ma
A ~ > auu lar mixing, often being refined
oie expensive oils. The residue of
4 ~ wv ~ pressed into cakes and largely
H.. ~0to"a lor feeding live stock. 1t is ex-
s,i,, u, 'ooo ior milch COWS when it is mix
H. " "'i' and 1t ought to be consumed
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

NE Ola reliable agriculturist, the Ger
fs'Oon Telegraph, contains lengthy arti-
VI Tue advantages of irrigation, attribut-
'''e superior vegetable and small fruit
xps VI Inc far West to this course, and rec
Suelus TO Eastern farmers the necessity
'i1'iis Their streams as far as possible
that purpose.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

The sixth annual meeting of the Ameri-
can Association of Nurserymen, Florist,
oeedsmen and kindred interests, was held
IN Dayton, Ohio, June 10th, and continued
three days.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

rho ROCKY MOUNTAIN HUsBANDMAN is designed
NO as the name indicates, husbandnan i'll every
eo,so of the term, embracing in its columns every
ao,o,tment of Agriculture, Stock-raisil.g, Horti-
E,i,,re Social and Domestic Economy.
.. ADVERTISING RATES. ...
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

Il hh man who cannot make a success of
sh'ng IN Montana, had us we'll give up
Y ealing. The markets here are always
- anu the facilities for growing produce
uhexcelled in the known world.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

In no profession can intelligence be en-
loyed to better advantage than in farm
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

EVERY meadow in the land will be NOW.
4 this season.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14
szsm-@--azA

/ IF you would keep the garden green.
Rater it lightly every evening, or about
pnset.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

North CAROLINA has the plague of To-
hsts, and she has it, too, on the grandest
eale
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

PLENTY of water causes the mineral in
tr soil to decompose and furnish a conlin-
pus supply of plant food.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

NEVER allow the garden to suffer a single
lay for water.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

ALTHOUGH mountain country, there is
p place on earth that can boast of such
pooth farms as Montana.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

IHE phylloxera, the grape pest, is begin
nlng to attract the same attention in Cali
lorhla as in France. This destructive in
sect has been on the Pacific coast for over
twenty years, but its progress has been
slow, and nothing but the fact that it has
ruined grape culture in Southern France,
would make its appearance in California a
cause for alarm. So far. the phylloxera
has not appeared south OF San Francisco
North OF that city it has worked its way
from the sea coast to the foothills
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

PET your machinery ready for hay max
r Yet, as the meadows are short, it is
A'ef 10 put off cutting as long as possible,
every day increases the yield.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

WHO would not be a Rocky Mountain
Hmer with the water at his command, and
Rle to make the season as best suits his
pp.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14
eAQriifulhtral.

By the farmers strong arm the world is
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

THE Scientific american says that the new
elevator just completed near South Ferry,
Brooklyn N. Y, is the largest in the coun-
try. 1t has been over year in building,
and has cost nearly $2,0OO,OOO. 1t has Il
storage capacity of nearly 2,500,o00, besides
superior transfer facilities and dockage tor
half dozen vessels, which can be loaded at
one time. The machinery is contained in
an independent engine house and three
enormous towers. The warehouse proper
consists Of Il large number of separate fire.
proof stores.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

4 HE presence of sugar has been detected
khe petals of various flowers in considera-
Il quantities, varying from one to seven
N cent
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

IT is not best to irrigate potatoes after
MS date.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14

"PoTAToE growers" says an. exchange,
"who are troubled by the Colorado bugs
should turn Pekin and Aylesbury ducks
among them. We have reason to believe
the ducks will clean them out. Try them,
anyhow; if the experiment does no good. it
can 40 no harm. you have none of these
ducks of of your own, borrow your neigh
bors', if they have them The ducks should
be literally fed with corn, oats, wheat bran.
or some generous food, while engaged in
harvesting the bugs
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1881-07-14
,,othe Mo"n<4<4
g Iusbandn'a"

PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY BY
h. N. SUTHERLIN, Editor.
N. H. SUTHERLlN, Associate Editor
Smyrna times., 1881-03-02

you 10 return home. II the words have
spoken are true, acknowledge frankly that
you no longer love Mauraee de Varville."
A moment OF silence followed, curing
which the expression of Madame de Ser.
nages' face indicated struggle.
is this true?H inquired De Varville.
q" Do you no longer lovr?1
" 1t is true" responded Loisa, sadly.
"YOu love another?'
Yes" murmured his listener; "bul one
from whom am separated forever"
You weep" continued Berthe. land
yet your tears are not those of repentance
or contrition, but called forth by the scorn
of the man who has awakened in your
heart the sentiment Of true love-
With cry Of despair Lois. de Sernages
sank fainting into the outstretehed arms Of
her sister.
" Loisa," whispered Berthe, " will care
for you, will console you"
+" 1t is too late" murmured her listener.
my happiness, my health are wrecked
| have no hope in life. Armand. Armand" "
she whispered, as though addressing some
unseen person, "why could you not return
nay lover Why did ysu abandon me-
Berthe" she continued, in scarcely ar
ticulste voice, "sister, fergive me, for great
as has been my sin, my suffering, my pun
ishments are greater"
As she ceased speaking Loisa de Sernagel
sighed deeply, while her face grew almos
gray in its extreme pallor. Once more he,
lips moved, but no sound escaped them.
"Leisar' exclaimed Berthe, in a voic,
that tremLled with fear. Loisa, speak t
mew
Again the dark eyes were raised in NUT
appeal; then slowly the lids closed, and il
a sigh faint and low the spirit Of Losa d
Sernages passed ont and beyond into tha
great unknown of which nothing is clear
Maurice de Varville, you will leave m
with my dead" said Berthe, sternly. Ode
vote yourself henceforth to the woma
who is your wife. and pray to God for fol
giveness for the wrong for which there
no atonement. Prom tie French Gabriel
De 81. Andre.
Smyrna times., 1881-03-02
Concerning Women.

Women love always: when earth slips
from them they take refuge in heaven,
The whisper of a beautiful woman can he
heard farther than the loudest call of duty.
There is no torture that woman would
not suffer to enhance her beauty.-Moa'
tqignc.
Of all things that man possesses, women
alone take pleasure in being possessed
NalherJe.
Before promising woman to love only
her, one should have seen them all, or
should see only her.-A. Dupuy,
We meet in society m1nv beautiful and
attractive women whom we think would
make excellent wivss-for our friends.
We censure the inconstancy Of women
when we are the victims; We find it charm
ing when we are the oljects.-L. Desnoycr&.
Women among savages is a beast oi
burden; in Asia she is piece of furniture
in Europe she is spoiled child,-Scnac 4,
Meilkan.
1t is not easy to be widow; one mus
reassume all the modesty Of girlhood with
cut heing allowed to feign its ignorance
Madame de Girardin.
At twenty man is less lover of wemsr
he is more in love with the sex than w.tl
the individual, however charming she ma,
ss.-Ret!f de Ia Bretonne
The highest mark of esteem a woma
can give man is to ask his friendship
and the most signal proof of her inditiel
ence is to offer him hers.
Men are 80 fearful of wounding woman
v.nity that they rarely remember that III
may by some possibility possess n grain {
common ssnse.-AisS B-addon.
Women of the world never use harsh g:
, pressions when condemning their rival
Like the savage they hurl elegant arrow
ornamented with feathers of purple ar
, azure, but with poisoned points.
1t is probable that at the PRESIDENT
Inauguration ceremonies the militia of Il
United States will make a display so fc
milable and wailike as to make the crow
ed heads of Europe tremble when they I
ceive the sensational dispatches which tht
a representatives IN Washington will undou
edly send. The militia ought to be phot
graphed at government expense and copi
: Of the picture, with the brass butto
touched up in gilt, sent to all foreign pote
2 tates and powers.