Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1881-02-05
auAYnAS =.

This ancient Mexican por, s'tusteo
m The Gulf Of California. In the State
At Sonora, il destined TO become place
# considerable importance. and that.
too. before long. II will b the Psciho
coast terminus Of the great Atehison.
Topeka and Santa Fs Railroad. there.
fore will to . considerable extent control
and direct the lines Of trade with South
America. Australia, japan and the
islands and commercial ports Of the Pa
einc. The harbor Of ouaynss 10 land
locked and well sheltered. easily soesssi.
bic, and one Of the finest on the coast.
agordins safe anchorage for the heaviest
ships. The terminal works. baildings.
whsr,es, etc.. Of the railroad are siiu-
stsd on an islind In the harbor, halt .
mile from the town. and connected with
the main land BY . long bridge.
The mouth Of the harbor. or "Yaqui
bay" which IL its real name. - laid
dowa ON the charts, IL Ave miles from
the town. The town itself 10 slisisly
located ct the head Of the bay, and sur
rounded on three sides BY abrupt hills
and mountains. II contains about six
thousand inhabitants. the houses are Of
the old Mexican adsos style. streets mar
row and dirty. and the climate hot and
not particularly healthy. Guaymas 10
the port OF entry for the States Of
Sonora and Chihuahua. Its principal
exports arc wheat. four and hides. and
it, chief and only importance consists in
its advantageous location and splendid
barber. II 10 frequsntsd BY many YES
sells Of all nations. its foreign trade be-
ing extensive. A correspondent sojourn.
ing there at present gives the following
itsms Of interest regarding its popula-
ton and mining interests:
The inhabitants arc divided into three
s-lasses, the Upper Ten" being the Span
ish merchants when I found refined and
educated and with an elegant gsntility
about them. too often lacking among our
swn aristocracy.
The middle class arc the native Mexican
and the lower tho Yaqui Indians. who
have been largely employed in grading the
road between Hermosilla and Guaymas.
was astonished ta fud what We term
slavery there called peonage, 10 In full
vogue. IL man becomes in debt to an
other for $40 he IL placed In absolute ssrvi-
tude until 10 10 paid. and ~ wages vary
from ten 10 thirty-tivo cents . day. . man
Who once gets behind $40 10 hopslessly in
viewed.
Perhsps the most noticeable character
istis Of duaymas 10 b evident aversion
and hostility to anything which savors OF
progression. In transporting cargoes from
the wharf to the Custom-house and thence
TO the business houses, NJ drays or wagons
are allowed 10 DO used. because IL takes
away the labor Of the men who pack
everything on their backs, and In carrying
water from the largo we'll which supplies
tho town the same Law IL In vogue, and Z
movement TO bring the water into the towu
by pipes wa instantly squslchsd by the
authorities.
made considerable inquiry about thsss
mountains surrounding the town. bu'
nothing seems TO have been developed IN
them - far - mining 10 concerned. Bacl
further. however. from the coast there arr
many mines being worked which are pay,
ing splsndidly and many more deserted
ones where shaft, were pot down from Sot
to 500 feet BY ths Spaniards years ago, but
which now contain moro or less water. In
those early years these mines were dest
tuts Of pumps and proper appliances nsces
sary TO free tho shafts from water and
many excellent mines were destroyed b.
feeding. These abandoned mines hav'
all reverted 10 the government and can b,
bought for . nominal sum. I see here Z
rich neld for some snterprising companies
for with nj modern hydraulic pumps
these mines could DO emptied ct . com
p~arativsly small expense.