Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1881-12-01
zamrastcr futclNQenrer.
THURSDAY EVENING, DEC. l, 1881.
Farm Notes.

Farm Notes.
Useful Hints for the TOiling HusbandmaD.
The distinguished French chemist and
NJ. Louis Pasteur, has dis.
covered a novel means Of treating sheep
for the eradication of most malignant
and destructive class of diseases, devastat-
ing whole focks and variously called
splenic fever, anthrax" "charbOn
and carbuncular disease. He takes the
virus of the disease, and, and, after pass
it through certain processes. SO as to re-
duce its rancor, or in other words, to get
it into "mild" form, he "vaccinates
with this mild virus the animals-sheep or
horned cattle that are to be protected.
That his process will and does protect the
"vaccinated" animals, he has demon
strated on a large scale, at the invitation
of ono of tho French Agricultural socie-
tics. Fifty sheep, without distinction,
were inoculated with the strongest charbon
virus, and NJ. Pasteur predicted
that, on the following day, the
twenty five sheep inOculated for the
first time would all be dead, while those
protected by previous vaccination
with tho mild virus would be perfectly
free from even slight indisposition. A
large assemblage of agricultural authori-
ties, cavalry officers, and veterinary sur
geons having met at tie field the next
afternoon, tile result aoas found to be eractLy
in accordance acih II. Rlsteur'S predictions.
At two o'clock t,oenty-three of the "un-
protected sheep were dead the trent!y-
fourth died within another hour, and the
tacenty;: ;:ffM an hour af.erward. But tho
t,r fsUn tnI c1, m
perfectly good condition !; one Uf them,
with an extra dose of the poison, having
been slightly indisposcd Tor few hours,
but having then recovered.
The Germantown Telegraph directs at
tcntion to the urgent need Of attending
carefully to the requirements Of stock
now that they have to be confined. One
of the most important of these is fire.
quent supply of salt. Mankind rs Il rule
having it literally seasoned with this i'm
portant natural product. The craving of
animals is Of a similar nature. The horse,
particularly, rclishes this nutritious sea
soning and to the hog it cali be given in
its food in increased quantities with bcnc-
ficial results. The sheep being Il smaller
feeder requires larger quantity than
swine. Salt in its pure state is fatal TO
poultry, but when mixed to 4 small extent
with their food has an excellent effect.
Now is the time to give good heed to tho
accumulation of manure. Trash of all
kinds and leaves may DC gathered up aud
hauled into the barnyard to bc converted
into manure by spring. Leaves from the
woods arc probably the best, and now is
the time to haul them in. After rain or
4 light fall of snow is perhaps the best
time to go for them. They then are Il
little moist and lay compactly together,
and two or three times the quantity can
he taken in load. An old fashioned
wooden rake is very handy in hcapiny the
leaves, SO rs to bc taken up by al expand
ing wooden straw fork. by having the
'small boy" to trample down the leaves,
u great many can be taken in i load. The
hog pen should be literally supplied with
them SD the cow stable, and when there
is al abundance of leaves the dung yard
can have repeated supplies scattered over
it.
Watering Stock.
Animals Of all kinds should be aliuWe,
an opportunity to obtain water at least
twice every day in winter. All animals,
men included, desire less water in colo
than in warm weather, but when all the
food is dry a considerable amount Of water
is required to moistcn it and to supply the
demands of the system for fluids. AL
persons know the injurious effects OF
drinking Il large quantity Of water at q
time. 1t is as ill., juriOus to the inferior an
imalS as to men. Water obtained from
any other source than spring will bt
necessarily quite cold in the winter, but il
need not be cold rs ice and snow will
make it. The watering trough should bC
cmptied after all the stock have drank, Sc
that no ice will form in it. Pains should
also be taken to draw off the water in such
a manner that it will not form ice On the
ground where the stock will stand to drink
1t is always desirable to have tho watering
place located under cover, and thus pro-
tected from the wlur}s and storms. 1t is
best to have the space around it covered
with plank that can be kept clear of ice
and snow. Many dairymen aud horsemcn
have found great advantage in bringing
water into their barns and stab les for use
during the winter season. This lay gen.
orally be done without great trouble OF
expense when spring water can be obtained
and conveyed through pipes. The water
is comparatively warm and supply can be
had by simply turning u stopcock. The
cattle and horses can be turned out to
drink one at time, and allowed to return
to their stalls VIXEN they are done drink
ing. By this arrangement the animals
can obtain water without being exposed
to the cold, and without being subjected
to the danger of being hooked, pushed
about or of slipping on the ice. Animals
watered under cover during severely cold
weather are not likely to cOntpact colds
or to suffer from diseases of tho throat
and lungs. Ii stock is let out into an open
yard to drink during cold weather. only !,
small number should be turned out at
once, SO that the opportunity for quar-
reling may be Obviated as far as posi-
bic.