Osage Valley banner., 1881-05-05
rnr scIENcE OF sEIsMOlOgY.
The Most Remar,sabie Earthquake on
Record.

Thc Most Uemar'sabIe Earthquake ON
Record.
Zadkjol in his "Noice Of the Stars'' I
for April did not make precise pre-
d'cliou OF the earthquake reported this
morning, for though Asia Minor is one
Uf tho regions exposed to melehc in.
iluences through the near conjunction
of Saturn and Jupiter, tho seer located
his earthquake ut Cabul. Such catas-
trophe was, however, confidently ex-
pected by better authuIities In N Zad-
kel, Tao S1e. ThosN who have not
given the subject attention will be sur
prised to learn how closely earthquakes
are observed nowadays. ana how fire..
quently they occur. Prof lockwood
noted 90 days between July IL, 1877.
dd November %, 1878, on which one
or more shocks were felt on the Aneri-
can continent. Fuchs in 1873 recorded
the unusually large number of II vol
oanic eruptions at places far apart and
mostly from little-known volcanoes, and
1903 earthquakes. though this enumera-
tion includes as units many complete
periods. One earthquake at Tanna
lasted four weeks; in Catauia the ground
trembled almost continuously from Oc-
tober TO November ~.
The year 1879 was marked by great
number OF earthquakes and volcanic
efuptions many shocks being reported
almost al the same instant from places
widely separated. Thus Oh tilv 6th OF
january severe shocks were felt in the
Caucasus. in the 1yrol and in Luxem-
burg; on the 9th. the most violent earth
quake since 1868 was experienced at
Arequipa, Peru; ON the 10th shocks
were felt at Cologne and throughout
Southern Germany; on the llth, more
at Vienna; on the 18th, another violent
shaking at Arequipa In the middle Of
May oruptions began from Nesuyius;
.Etna sympathized on the 25th, pouring
out ashes and lava for a fortnight;
simultaneously similar outburst
was noted at Geisfugie, Iceland, and
on the day that Etna broke into actiy-
ity violent eruption of the C2obancz
mountain in Hungary, long regarded MS
extinct, was chronicled. As the erup-
tion OF Etna was followed by continu-
Gus earthquakes in Sicily until the end
of June, so the outbreak of the Go
bancz Mountain was accompanied by
severe eonvulsons in Hungary, Bosnia
aud Bessarabia, throwing down houses
and trees and opening assures from
which water poured in foods, and cul-
minating in the violent shocks at
Agla am, June 2l-22, while tremblings
were observed at AK and Nassau, May
26-27, and at Hastings May 2l. There
alter Europe had comparative rest
Till about the LIST of November, when all
the south and east Of Hungary, Scrvia,
Roumauia and Bessarabia felt incessanl
earthquakes of considerable intensity,
~. ls.t A
the time of least activity of volcanic
forces in Europe-JuIy ll-three strong
shocks were felt in Cairo and near the
Pyramids, something unknown IN
Egypt since 1851 In Persia, March %
april 2, there were twenty-one Villages
destroyed and fiftv-four greatly dam
aged; OF the l, 200 inhabitants of Manat
aud lark but few escaped. Java wa;
visited by several disastrous shocks be
tween March 2S and June 5, its volca
noes being also in active eruption
China had its turn June 29-July H.
with atter-shoeks OF sufficient violence
though not nearly so destructive il
August and September There were
very serious eruptiOns and shocks ex
tending over large area in Contra
America soon after the new year, afte
which the great center of volcanic ac
tlvity was comparatively quieseeut II
the Pacific there were disturbances il
the early part of the year, eliminating
in the eruption of Kilauea in June.
But il was in 1880 that the series o
seismic commissions which had beel
taking place in Europe since early Il
1879 reached their climax. On the 30tl
OF December, 1879, several smart shock
were felt throuuh,ut Sutherland
month later similar manifestations too
place in Germany and Italy. Februar
bVesuvius was in ful action and ton
Gays later Ktna sympathized, asdid tn
mud craters at Palermo. Almost week
ly came reports Of convulsions IN VAR
GUS PARTS OF Europe, Portugal, Spai
and France, and, especially. Italy AM
Switzerland, the manifestations OF seif
mic force becoming more frequent an
torcible. and extending over a wide