The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-02-05

such wet cultivation. Tho second di-
vision OF these l;,nds,inade from slate
abomiidlnH i'll hornblGde, are the most
prolific cotton lands b the Siatc-an,l
make more fruit with less stalk than
an! other lands we hive.
The soils tImioa, t,lcose and .clay
states arc generally of the poorer
Glasses of soils. Ii not poor thcy owe
their fertility to The presence Of somo
other rock In which the states are inter-
mixed. The soils oftho tertiary for
lnation arc below The fills Of the
rivers. Whcl level with clny SUBJ
soils they arc good lands for improve
ment. The large AMOUNTS Of muck
aud mud from the swainps that cvery-
| where abound in this region affords a
never-tailing source OF improvement.
Add to these the marls OF the low
country and their pearness to the
Charleston bone basin, and we can
readily sec thc( vast advantages they
possess. The second class of these
rolling lands may be termed sand,
hills. amongst which tho amount of
arabic soil is limited, and not sus-
ceptible Of high and permanent iul-
provemcnt. Yet no other class of soils
affords bcttcr return for tho same
amount of fcrtilizing material used for
each crop.
Ofthe alluvial soils we NAV say little.
They are as widely different in value
as the differing sources from which
they are derived. Our county coli
tains many acres Of such lands which
are , worn out. Such are not at pres
ent liable to overflow. These lands
are highly sensitive TO the least touch
OF manuring. A given amount Of
guano or stat lc manure will make
twice the showing OH them that it will
make ON the adjacent hills. May such
lanos not be Ienriched agaill by q
natural processP A considerable per-
centage of all our lands are under the
levels or the streams running through
them. Suppose we take such streams,
or parts OF them, when too large to
use the hole, and conduct them
around the hills IN horizontal trenches
or bitches with aiall, say six inches to
the mile. Now, in times of rains
when tlic strcamsare muddicd we could
let small quantities Of water escape at
evcry few steps 70 make its way over
the lands, depdsiting it's mud and
sediment as it tohnd It's way back to
the banks Of tho parent stream. Thus
the soil washed from the hills alone
would be deposited on these lower
levels. Itsuch places 50 undergoing
Improvement were allowed to GROW
up Ill grass and weeds the process of
irrigation might be kept up at all
times when the stream was clear, thu 8
promoting dense growth Of gra 8
and weeds. There arc numberless
streams above The falls of the rivers
which, if properly managed, at
triflinS cost would enrich annually
hundreds of acres by conveying and
covering over them the rich matter
| that now finds its way to the sea.
| Much can bc said on this subject Of
irrigation for terlilizng purposes.
TO do it, though, two things are rcou-
site: lst. The stream must run from
hills that have fertile soils. I'd. The
location of the bitches must he the
work OF competent engineer.
In future, it we have any improve
mcnt, our
| FARMERS MUST BE IMPROVED.
If we grow wcalthicr such increase in
wealth must be mainly due to the i'll
creased and enhanced value of our
hor and capital to or Iats, Xn1gs qa aMd ors be-
lore making an expensive outlay of
either we had best pause for a mo-
mcnt and consider whether our soils
are such as to admit OF permanent and
high Improvement. One farmer i'm
the upper country can be pointed out
who purchased his lands thirtv-iiyc
Years ago at two dollars Der acre !:
since that they have cost hiui, bv his
statement, fort. dollars per acre ia inn
provcmcnt. lie claims to make bet
ter crops Of clover and grasses than
his own brother does in PENNSYLVANIA,
whose lands are worth five times as
much. The writer has seen both turu,s
and thinks his estimate correct. With
one remark we close. When vuu buy
land to farm on, before doing so mike
a slight geological survey Of the same.
Ascertain what its capabilities for
permanent improvement arc. See
What natural sources Of Improvement
are at hand, and with these some
considerations rs to prospective health
and nelghborly surroundings. If q
Young man, yCu may commence to
iarti, and with proper management,
be successful farmer. All cannot
oc done bv toll, something must be
| accomplished bN brain work, and any
one who runsa farm in future. beyond
the free negro level Of forty acres and
a mule, must mix some science with
the elbow grease that drives the ma
chine. Respectfully,
HORACE GREELEY.
-W. r. T.ppan, Contractor and
Builder, Tolcco. Ohio, says: An Ex-
| cclSiOr Kidney Pad rrlinvnd ~, 50
pain in the side of fifteen years stand
ing. Please send mc another Pad
See Lidc.
Il. b. Smi.h, Of Fairbault, Mimi,
says: | am atin wearing an "Onlv
Lung Pad.' sil it has hclpcd me; /
intend to haze ano her of cxt,a
strength soon.-See Idp.
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