The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1881-09-30

To MAKE hard lead pencils consid~
cradle quantity of fine clay Is mixed with
the powdered graphite.
ONE ounce of gold may be beaten out
so as to cover 100 square feet of surface,
but the leaves are seldom made so thin;
100 square feet to the ounce troy being
the usual extent.
In strength granite exceeds all other
building stones in common use. Its
weight is about 166 pounds to the cubic
foot, hence cubic yard weighs about
two tons. Granite usually contains
about one per cent. of water
THE water power at Lowell, MasSa-
chusetts, was begun to be improved for
general manufacturing purposes III 1922.
The Merrimac River at this point has a
fall of thirty-five feet, and furnishes at
minimum, about ten thousand horse
power during the usual working hours.
Ho1Low steel shafting is being in
troduced into France. 1t is made by
casting the metal round a core of lime,
the ingot being finally rolled into shaft
ing, the lime core going with 1t and
diminishing in diameter in the same
proportion as the metal, even when the
total diameter is reduced as low as one
fourth of an inch.
THE earliest application of water power
to general manufacturing purposes APP
pears to have been at Patterson, New
Jersey, where "The Society for Estab-
fishing Useful Manufactures was
formed in the year 1871. The Passaic
River at this point furnishes, when at a
minimum, about eleven hundred horse
power continuously, night and day.
To MAKE fishing lines waterproof,
take of boiled oil two parts and gold size
one part shake together in bottle,
and the mixture is ready for use. Apply
to the line, thoroughly dried, with a
piece of flannel expose to the air, and
dry. After using the line two or three
times it should have another coat, the
application being repeated when neces-
sary.
BR1cK1AYERs make use Of spirits OF
turpentine, and also of vinegar, for the
purpose of removing mortar stains from
pressed brick fronts, the materials beng
carefully applied with a sponge or rag.
Any acid applied in the above manner,
in yerv dilute form, would answer the
purpose. Vinegar being very dilute
ascetic acid is probably as good recipe
as can be given.
ARTISTS proofs Of an engraving are
impressions taken with great care, under
the supervision of the artist himself, be-
fore the regular edition is printed They
are always on the best of paper, and are
more rerfect than those printed subse-
ouenti from the same plates. AS but
yery few are ever struck off from the
same plate, they are highly priced and
command large prizes.
BEssEMER steel is made by blowing air
through melted cast iron, thus burning
silicon and carbon out of the cast iron.
After the silicon and carbon are burned
out, melted spiegeleisen or ferro-manga-
nese is added to the charge. The car
bon in the=spiegel recarbonizes the steel
to the desired point, and the manganese
unites with and removes the oxygen
which the air used leaves in the steel.
A NEW file should always be used with
light pressure until the very thin
sharp edges are worn off, after which a
heavier pressure may be used with much
less danger of the teeth crumbling at
the top or breaking of at the base.
Every filer should keep a partially-worn
file to use first on chilled surfaces or
gritty skin of castings, or on weld
where borax or similar fiuxes have been
employed, or on the glazed surface OF
saws after cumming.
BLISTER steel is made by heating bars
of wrought iron, bedded in charcoal, in
Theoretically sealed chambers. The car
bon of the charcoal penetrates the hot
iron, converting it into a crystalline mass
of crude steel. Large blisters rise on
=. the surfaces of the bars. giving the name
blister steel to this product. German
steel is blister steel rolled down into
bars. It is used mainly for tires and
common springs, but is being rapidly
superseded by the cheaper grades OF
| COST steel