davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
The Best Time TO Cut Hay.

For several years past the tendency
among farmers has been towards cutting
hay earlier than formerly. Agricultural
writers have advocated it very generally /;
the experience of large number of pro
gressive farmers has seemed to confirm
their theories, and the use OF machinery in
! hay ING has rendered it possible to harvest
the crop mt almost any desirable point in
its growth. But Just as we have become
! fully settled in the belief that this was the
proper course To pur,u " Farmer San
norn S" report appears and unsettles every
thing, for he claims not only that the yield
II grass cut rather late was heavier than
early cut, but that it was actually more
nutritious pound for pound. These eX
periments appear 10 have been carefully
conducted, and few would dissent from
| The first conclusion; cut many of our best
Farmers would think that the second need
ed further proof.
! We have been told that the digestiblc
! part of our grasses and clover was, much
# it, changed to woody fibre soon after
blossomlng, and surprising this to be true
many have cut their grass u,t before i
hlos>omcd, thinking that wnlt it lacked
IN quantity would be made up in quality
IN that the chance for - second crop the
same year wonld be mucn better if Gu,
lhuS early. And scores of men will tel
You that their cows prefer this kind OF HAY
nd that 1t yields the largest returns il
milk and butter.
Mr. Scott of Graf sburv fed his amou.
COW, that produced over 500 pounds o
butter in II year, with nothing but hay
made from grass cut before it was fairly
headed out. Can any one point to as 600,
results where the only feed was hay Gu
ten days after blooming, as by the Sanborr
experiments would appear to be the bes
tmep
Mr.. Nathan Skinner of Plainheld, whC
has become celebrated for his large yiel'
of OUTER per COW, is II very strong advo
cate of cutting grass before it blossoms
and could name many more who are o
he same opinion.
Now these men may all he wrong an,
Mr. Slnborn right, and if so, we farmer
are anxious to know it; but mtnv of u
: have been led by long experience and
large amount of testimony to adopt diff
tcrcnt belief, and we shall need spmethin!
more than Il single experiment to full
convince us to the contrary. In decidin!
II question like this there are n good man,
points to be thought of, and wish to name
one of the advantages of cutting hay earl,
that is seldom mentioned by writers on th
subject, VIZ the absence of seeds in til,
manure pile.
Were there only useful forage plants II
our mowings, and did we use the manure
solely upon land that we were about t.
| Snnd IN CTruSs il MIGHT moi bn anv obi rtiot
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

TIMOTHY GRASS A Grafton, Mass, cor.
respondent writes: II have had dispute
with neighbor as to the country in which
glass originated. maintain it is an
American grass, while my friend asserts it
Is Il native OF England. Which is right9'
Timothy, the name nv which this grass is
generally known all over the country, was
first Obtained from Timothy Hanson, who
is said to have cultivated it extensively and
to have taken the seed from New York to
Carolina FROM thence it is claimed that
its culture was introduced into Virginia
and from that territory into England by
Peter Wynche about the year 1860 or l76l.
1t is fr .quentlv called herls-grass in New
York state, Pennsylvania, and sometimes
in New England. Herds grass was the
Original name under which it was cult
waited: this name was derived from an
individual of that name who, Jared Eliot
says, found it growing in Il swamp, in
Piscataqut, y. H., more than century
and Il half ago, and who then began to
cultivate ii. Although it is everywhere
claSsed as IN English grass there Is not the
slightest evidence that it originated there
Sinclair states That ny the result of expert.
ulttnlS iL NOuNlI 'h''NIi hAl'i'A tliN 'u'
pices of the Duke Of Bedford and with the
assistance of Sir Humphrey d IVY, the crol
when ripe exceeds in nutriIive value tht
crop at the time OF lowering. More recen
investigations by Prof. Way sustained the
conclusions Of Sinclair and Davy. Perhaps
Ills when properly and fairly tested may
prove timothy to be an exception to every
,ther grass, for within Il year or two thi
question has been received in a q1arte
which demands careful investlg ttion
rlmolhy is very seldom grown alone
generally with redtop, which blossoms !
little later than timothy. Il is possible
That timothy is better cut IA little ripper THAI
any other of the grasses. We raise muci
more redtop than timothy, and our expert
ence is that our hay Is the best when GU
IN the bloom; but us timothy forms but
small portion of our hay it would not max
Il very great difference in our calculations
1t is for the most part stronger grown thai
redtop, and while the former is bette
relishel by horses the latter Is preferre
by the COWS.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

not safe to come in. in the hottest season
of the year A part of the tune for the
last fifty years my stock of cows has been
from twenty five to thlrty-tive. and have
never lost hut two cows; one of them was
goaded by another COW; the horn entered
the inwards and she died in about a week I;
the other by eating pcach-tree leaves; the
trees had been broken down by the fruit
and wind, but still attached TO the tree, and
remained green. | saw the COW eating
them ut supposed no harm would come
from it; she was the only COW that ate
them; the next morning she frothed at
the mouth, and ran at the nose, and lived
about eight days, in great suffering. Is
there any case on record like it9 let us
near. The famous COW owned by Henry
II. Peters (who purchased my farm in oh,
hut now deceased. and the only born ftrm
er that has occupied IL since | sold: it
has passed into the the seventh editiOn)
named Jern Amour, Ayrshire breed Il
have not the record before me). | think
she averaged sixty pounds day for thirty
days; the COW was taken sick, and came
very near dying, and never recovered her
dow of milk after that; the only cause was
TOO high feeding. pen these few lines to
caution all, at certain times, not to feed toe
highly. There's no danger in feeding II
poor cow.-Pcter HV S1uthborO', MaSs IN
.MISSa huSettS POughDsGn.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
AMERICAN SONG Birds IN EUROPE

AMERICAN SoNG Birds IN EUROPE.-
Several species OF native American bird,
are finding friends and purchasers across
the Atantc--in Germany France and even
England. The nonpariel, for example
one of oar very handsomest birds, was
sent to Europe last wear to the number
of three thousand five hundred by one
single house. The cardinal, or Virginia
nightingale, or Virginia red bird, is like
wise making the grand tour. Over five
thousand of these cardinals were exported
last wear from the city of New York. The
indigo, or American blue bird, Is likewise
on his tray, Is abroad, while I'm American
hubolink took the first prize in world,
fair in England Even the Irish, pro-
verbally hard people to convince, have
practically confessed that, although the
irish thrush is the best the American
brown thrush is just as good. y
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

This, That AND THE OTHER. Sisters,
if you will premit stranger to step in,
will tell you what | think is the reason
that canned fruit spoils for so many There
are many persons. when they put up fruit.
who scarcely sweeten it any. Now when
| can fruit | always sweeten it enough for
table use. Some will say it is enough Ia
lose The fruit If it spolls, without losing
the sugar. Don be afraid OF wasting the
sugar; it will make your fruit keep all the
better. | have fruit that i, two years old,
and has been moved around good deal,
and yet is very n ce. Some claim that
canned fruit should be KEEP in "a cool aud
dry cellar, to keep good. | can tell you
that il they are put up right they will
stand "a good deal of shaking around anu
still keep.-COrrespoadem Of Ohio Fitrm.
or.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

MAKING AND USING MANURE.-No man
is truly successful farmer who allows his
land to grow poor while he is cultvatlng
it lie may make money for IA time and
put it in his pocket; but he does so at the
cost of his successors. He takes something
from the soil and gives nothing in return
This cannot be continued withOu, beggary
of both land and occupant Writers and
speakers tell OF the "ineXhaustible" fer.
tillty of the west. never hear that word
without being annoyed. We might us well
say that we can consume part and
sill have the whole; not only that,
but keep on doing so for an indefinite
term of years, ana still have the whole re-
main to US. Tbs mistaken idea of an in
exhaustibe soil has already cost the west
Il great sum of money and will inevitably
cost many millions more. Much has al
ready been done to put i'm end TO this
runous system of forever taking from the
soil and putting nothing back. Much re-.
mains still to bs done. tribune.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

ADVICE ON TRAINING Houses. Forty
six wears ago, David Lewis, then hand
some, round headed Welshnln, wls drv.
inc from Utica, Oneida county, to llamI-
on college, having toad OF lads return
inc after Il spring vacation TO their studies,
As he neared Middle settlement attention
was called to Il Iarmer maitrcating colt,
which could not and wonld not keep up in
his work with an older horse harnessed
beside it. David, dlspleased ut the unrea
sonable farmer, murmured, Iu-ra-lu-
RAIL-" (bul did not swear,) and stopped for
he farmer to come to the roadside. and
the two commenced talking in Welsh.
We college boys had no Welsh professor,
and were lgnOrant OF the language. The
tongues of David and his countryman had
Il short st1yrt.-As VIC started on our way |
,sked for a translation of the Welsh dia-
loyue. Sud David: " The man asked me
10 tell him how to break his colt, and |
told nm to 90 in the house and first break
himself" No man can master II colt
properly who cannot control himself.
There is no mystery in education. Ehr
whole method is according to law. Re.
wards and punishmenls underlie just
government. Beware of an improper
punishment of IA colt, as you would of a
human being; Tor you must command
respect il you would educate either. Nor
trie, nor deceive. When you must draw
the whip to compel attention, remember
TO reward obedience with sugar, or some
pleasing gilt. First make your colt your
friend, and then educate without impa-
ticnce or severity. Condescend to talk to
your horse, and be clear in your language,
for he can hear, and is glad to be coolly
and inteIigently directed, Go on!
steady! Whoa!' are three magic words
which should be used TO start, to moderate
or to stop the movements of Il colt. Re-
peat them clearly, rs you have occasion to
use them, for iu-t what they mean and
he colt will soon obey them, and be proud
of his knowledge Be ut All times consid
crate, kind, tair and firm, remembering
there is a limit to every sensitive orgmizu
ton. 1t does no harm to tire IA colt, but
never exhaust one Groom we'll, after
work, rather than before. If you hate a
colt, let some one else educate him.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

JERSEY BELLE."-I saw in the Plough.
nun of July 10th the death of Jersey
Belle" of Scituate, owned by Charles O.
Films, felt like weeping, although no
personal interest in the COW. but have II
national. have watched that COW with
much interest since | first heard of her.
She stands at the head Of any for butter
that has been raised in this country, and
probably in the world; the whole country
feels the less. Now for the cause; first,
too high feeding before and after calving.
too much fol cling, the more liable for
milk fever never heard such II thing
as the milk fever forty years ago, but for
the last twenty years there has been many
cows died in Southboro' of that disease,
and The cause has been attributed prlnci.
pallv to high feeding. If your COW is II
great mixer keep her very poor Two weeks
before she comes in, and one week after,
and any COW with n great flow of milk is
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

BEE KEEPING AS WoMANS WORK
Mrs. l. Hurison in the Prairie FtUHttr
SAYS: Scientific bee culture is IN open
field 10 all women of energy and bruins
here is free range of discovery, improve
ment and production. If we comp"tc with
the other sex in making pants or teaching
we will be obliged to accept less pay than
they do; but who ever heard OF honey
bringing less because it was produced by
Il WON tnp
There Is nothing connected with bee
keeping that IA woman cannot do as well
Us Il man. She should not be expected to
Manufacture her own hives any more than
housekeeper is to build her own house
But us hives, frames and surplus boxes
can he purchased IN the fat, | know of no
reason why she should not learn to nail
them together.
No one should engage In the business
expecting to find bonanza. but any
woman may reasonably expect fair returns
for the money and time expanded. Ono
or TWO colonies are sufficient to commence
with, and if your knowledge increases in
II ratio with you bees, all will be smooth
sailing and prosperous voyage"
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
Making Corn starch.

EDITOR OF HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT:
Il send recipe for making corn starch
which is As nice and delicate rs that we
buy. | made some last year and was
much pleased with it; Take the corn
when it just begins to glaze and CRATE ii
from the cob; rinse the eobs well in cold
water and then pour the same water on
the grated corn, stir and squeeze thorough
ly. and pour through sieve The starch
will pass through with the water, which
should he left to settle a number of hours
then pour off carefully. The starch should
be in solid mass in the bottom of the
vessel. Remove on plates, breaking and
crumbling occasionally, and dry as quickly
rs possible. When thoroughly dry sifl
it and you will have white, nice starch
c. s. S.
n Montpelier, Aug II, 81.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

SWEET CoRN.-As this luxury is now in
season, it is well to avail ourselves OF
every style of cooking it to make it relish
us table dish. 1t is good simply boiled
IN the old fashioned way. but for more
delicious to shave the kernels from tn,
cob with sharp knife. Put hree pints oil
the corn into preserving kettle, with II
quart of water, and let it boil fifteen min
uIes, taking care to stir it frequently; then
add piece of butter the size Of an egg, 4
teaspooniul OF salt, and pint of milk; still
well and bring to boil then dish up in
sauters for the table. 1t is Just delightful
Another nice dish for sweet corn is to
CRATE off the kernels from the cob (siA
good-slzed ears are enOugh) make Gus
tard, three pints of milk, two well beaten
eggs, three large spoonfus of sugar, aud
small lump of batter; stir the gratec
corn into the dish, and stir often Will,
cooking, 1t makes a delicate pudding. Ii
takes I'm hour and half to bake, and is I;
pleasant variety for dinner dish,-Amer.
tCaW Rura Home.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

There was once double pansy; we
have not seen it for a dozen years or so.
Pansies can be propagated by not letting
them 90 to seed, ana dividing the roots.
Hybridizing is u simple matter, and can
all be told in IL lew words We take two
species closely allied, and cut out the
anthers of the female plant before the
pollen dust appears. Then we apply to
The stigma the pollen dust of the Kind we
desire to use AS the male parent. Some
lay day or so until, rs they say tne pistil
is ready. But pollen will keep for many
years fresh and good, and it may as well
be lying on the pislil rs anywhere else till
the sligmatic surface is ready for it.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

These energetic business men, call
on some farmer who they think a promis.
ing subject for business" and by plans.
ible presentations, in which chance tc
make lots of money plainly demonstrated
induce the victim to sign the contract
printed as above. This would be all rghr
If written out so it would be single docu
ment, but signing his name Just before
" Sole Agent" leaves the rt OF the con
tract at the right OF the space Ondicatec
by the dots at the top and bottom) of n,
binding effect. So the swindler, after get
ting the signature, goes his way and cut.
the contract in two at that space and leave,
note dated and signed in due form
which is readily sold in some town neal
by to some shaver, and thus having passe,
into the hands of an innocent" pur
chaser, is collectable by law, and must b,
paid.
The lessonIis plain: If you wish to tax,
an agency, write out the contract and sigr
it where the signature will embrace tn,
whole document, and retain copy sgnet
by the agent.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

FRUIT FOR JELLY.-Miss Sara Fletcher
took part in the discussion of the question,
" How to utilize the fruit crop" at the last
winter meeting of the Michigan hOrlrul-
tural society, and claimed that it would
pay fruit growers far better to make Jelly
than to turn it into cider or wine She
said:
Make fruit into jellies, canned fruit.
preserves, and pure cider vinegar, to meet
the dem tnds OF the people in time of need
We need better class of such things than
are usually found on grOcers shelves, and
the raisers should furnish it, and assure
the people that it is what it is represented
to he.
All kinds of fruits can be jellied without
the aid of gelatine. have tried all the
wild and cultivated fruits | could obtain
and all make jelly quite readily, the mos
difficulty being with the pear and elder
berry, Some, us grapes, currants, piepanl
and gooSebe'ry, are preferable if male
when green. or Just before ripnnisg, rs til,
Jelly is colorIess and Transparent, while me
II ,vor is very fine. COorlcss Jelly may
also he made from the Concord and other
blue grapes. when perfectly ripe if tn
pulp alone is used and care tpken that
none of the c0oring of the skin is left in
This is one of the best and easiest made
OF jelies.
@ lince jelly can be made from the par
ingS alone, us nice rs from the whole irui
but not of 50 light color. ! have mad,
solid Jelly of this fruit without boiling after
adding the sugar, by SURFING until the
~ugtr was thoroughly dissolved and theI
sci away to cool This makes The liuhte,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

The CROPS The hay crop secured i,
generally below the average, though ex-
ceptional cases are reported of heavier
crops than usual. The late favorable
weather has helped pastures greatly.
which were parched by the drouth, and in
the meadows in White River, West Branch
and Winooski valleys grass looks well.
and good second crops will be secured on
new stock.
Corn, though late, shows good
growth, and if frost holds off will give a
eavy crop.
Wheat is excellent and oats good
1t is generally feared that potatoes will
not yield large crop, and in some loca-
tions have begun to rot.
On the whole, fair crops in Vermont.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
A new device for arranging flowers, as

A new device for arranging flowers, as
given in Vlck's Nonthty consists of "A
piece of cork ahout quarter Of an inch
thick. circular in folm, and perforated
with holes like the nose of ii watering pot.
The diameter of the cork is made to cor
respond TO the size Of the saucer or shll.
low dish with which it is to be used. The
cork floating on the top Of the water sup.
ports the tlJwers, whose stems are inserte
through the holes. For the display OF
small flowers and those having short stems
this method seems well adapted; possibly
it my be better than damp sand, though
thtt is doubtful; but, MS the cork may be
preserved, it would always be mt hand
and it might not be Convenient sometimes
to procure sand.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
SWindlers.

The Cincinnati Eaqujrer last week pub
lished an old swIndle under somewha
new dress. 1t seems that several scoun
drels with Indianapolis for their head
quarters, have been operating throughou
Indiana, dealing in patent right frauds
The particular case under consideration
was that of gang who are selling seedin.
machines, or pretending to sell them. Tn,
following ingenious document, however
reveals the true inwardness OF th,
business:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

We have, says the Cincinnati Gazete q
raspberry bed which the past season dem
onstrated the advantages of muchng lr
he fall dead leaves were raKrd mp and
7lrewn among the canes, and during las
winter the coal ashes released from CRATE.
and cooking stoves were thrown systenat
Gully on, and along their roots, and early
in the spring II thorough cleansing of tn,
bed and vi Is WIS instituted. The grOunt
WAS well stirred, and then the depositlns
Of ashes recommended. Whether the las
operation was beneficial or not, except il
checking the growth of the weeds, thu
whole routine certainly worked well in tn,
production OF fine crop of berries.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

Chinese primroses are not as good the
second year as the first; in fact, florists
do not pretend, US II rue, to bloom them
the second time, but amateurs very fire.
quently carry them over to the second
year, and sometimes longer, with results
that many of them consider satisfactory.
TO secure the best blooms. Young plants
should bo raised every year from seed
Vicb'S MOntbly.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

Perhaps the promptest way to destroy
anus that attack verbenas and blsams i.
TO take bits of coarse sponge and sprinkle
fine sugar in the cavities and place the
pieces on the ground among the plants
The ants will enter the spongeS in mum
ners, and the pieces can he picked mp ana
quickly dropped into hot water. Repeat
me operation until the whole colony i,
destroyed.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
Genuine Shaker Medicine

invented by FhpsCprbet aud prepared for nifty years
by the CANrERBURY SOCIETY or SHAKERS, at SHAKER
VILLAGE, " H. those VINO nave faIlel to be benehtcd
ny other SlrsaparlaS are earnestly desired to
single trial of tins pure and wholesome compound OF
prake, Black CohpSh, Garrett, Indian Hemp and the
Berries Of Juniper and Cubch united with ludidr N
Potassium, made by the society, because 1t is safe
never failing and adapted to all ages and both sexes
1t clCanses the blood, regulates the stomach aud
bowels, purhes the system Of humors aud inherited
Diseases and is Of priceless value in mautainnr the
health Of the household. Inquire for CORBErT's
SHAKERS SAKsAPARILLA Sold every where
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31

Much SWEETNESS. -Mr Geo. o Boyce
Of Fayston reports yield of honey which
we hink quite remarkable; that u.s. eighty
five pounds of box honey from single
colony this season, which would have been
larger if he had supplied sufficient box
=, room seasonably. Sorry we are not nearer
,ion no ,SSors to Mr.. Boyces bee garden.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT.

We invite for this column. contributions from ouI
ady readers, to make it such shall be Of value
and interest to them. ytopie Of domestic economy
which may suggest itself 20 them may be discussed
aud hopethis feature will prove successful and al
additional attraction to our readers.
Contributions should be sent to the Editor Of Il
] Agricultural DEPARTMENT
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1881-08-31
agricultural department.
o. ~. TINKHAM. Editor

All communications for this department should be
sent to the editor, Mr.. o NJ. TINKHAM. y. Pom
fret, Vt.
Please write side Of the paper only signsuch
name or initials as you wished published. but give
your FULL NAME Address, post ofice. County and