davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1881-04-13
The year without . Summer F"
Hartford Times

We continue 10 receive occasional in
quiries concerning the "year in which there
was no summer" Some persons appear to
have wrong idea as TO the time. 1t was
the year Of 1916. 1t has been called the
year "without summer" for there was a
sharp frost in every month. There are old
farmers living in Connecticut who remember
Il well. TWAS known rs tho "year without
q summer" The farmers used TO refer TO it
as eighteen hundred and starve to death, +,
January was mild, as was also February
with the exception of few days
The greater part OF March
was cold and boisterous. April opened
warm, but grew colder rs Il advanced, ending
with snow and ice and winter cold In May,
ice formed half an inch thick, buds and
flowers were frozsn and corn killed. Frost,
ic@ and snow were common in June. Almost
every green thing was killed, and the fruit
was nearly all destroyed. Snow fell to the
depth OF three inches in New York and
Massachusetts,, and ten inches in Maine.
July was accompanied with frost and ice. On
the fifth ice WAS formed of the,hickness of
window glass in New York, New England
and Pennsy lvania, and corn was nearly all
destroyed In certain sections. An August
ice formed half an inch thick. A cold
northern wind prevailed nearly all summer.
Corn was so frozen that great deal WAS
cut down and dried for fodder. Very little
ripened in New England, even here in Con-
necticut and scarcely any even in the middle
states. Farmers were obliged to pay 81 or
20 bushel for corn of 1916, for 9. ed for the
next springs planting. The frat two weeks
OF September were mild, the rest of the
month was cold, with frost, and ice formed a
quarter of an inch thick. October was more
than usually cold, with frost and ice No
vember was cold and clustering, with snow
enough for good sleighing, December was
quite mild and comfortable.
The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1881-04-13
derfal explicitness and in ito benefit 10 man
kind we reproduce il:

derfal explicitnsss and in its benefit 10 man
kind We rsproduce il:
DR.. Hammond has startled the town with
. new and horribly hard word, which. how
ever, 10 . success, no doubt, 90 far a. be in
tended that is to cay, il attracts attention
and II expresses accurately the accepted
opinion of psychologists as TO the interpre.
tation Of the phenomenon otherwise called
hypnotism, and which 10 condition of
somnambuism Intentionally and srtifcislly
induced. The Greek word upon which Dr.
Hammond's hard word is formed signifed
equally ITO hold communication with" or ITO
be born With" you might be twin with
somebody in the physical sense of ordinary
brotherhood or sisterhood, or you might be a
twin 10 some deeper and more mysterious
sense of spiritual affinity and miogled your
patures irretrievsbly and irresis,ibly, despite
all contrary and inimicsl influences and
endeavors. But the sense found in the form
alton Of that original Greek word is even
more suggestive than the word itelf in the
ordinary significance it acquired. In this
view 1t would mean ito enter into new
state Of existence together with" In this
sense the hypnotizer and the hypnotized
together develop between them sympathy
and relationship that constitutes a new state
of existence. But the word might 20 beyond
this phenomenon, and We fancy Is likely to
find favor with fond creatures gazing into one
ano,ber'a eyer in the moonlight nights. How
many gentle .. desperate men and women
in the old tim,s and the new have beer
afflicted with syggignoc''m and didn't know ii
The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1881-04-13
The Anti-Kent Movement I'm New
York.


The committee Of twenty-one appointed
at tho recent anti-rent meeting in New
York, met there Monday. 1t was announced
by the committee appointed to secure tho
cooperation of the Irish Land League that
such branches of the league as had been
visited had promised their support to the
anti-rent league. A series Of resolutions to
be submitted to workipgmon and touants in
New York Tor signatures was then unani-
mously adopted. They begin: 1--WE, the
undersigned workingmen, citizens and tenants
of New York city, for one and all, declare"
and then, setting forth the intention of the
landlords to raise oil rents from 10 to 30 per
cent on May /, says that even il the increase
ofssall wages, assumed rs the Justification Of
this step, were fact, the implication would
DO that all the earnings of the
workingman, all the increase of his wages,
returns into the fs,hcmless pockets of the
capilnlistc classes; tn I an increase of rents
crowds tenants into smaller lodgings, breed
ing thus disease, poverty and immortality, and
strikes not only tho Dom tenant, but also the
shop. keeper, by reducing the tenants
standard Of lite.
The competition with western industry, of
which New York manufacturers complain,
will, 1t is further stated, become still more
dangerous after an increase of house rents,
which will drive many industries out of the
city and as our government and legislature
should represent and vindicate not
only the interests of the capitalists,
but also those Of the working people,
which constitute nine-tenths of the whole
population, 1t is agreed TO constitute an anti
high rent league, of New York city, to resist
by all available means the proposed increase
Of rent; to send copies of these resolutions
TO the governor of this state, to the senate and
assembly, and to the mayor of New York
city; requesting tho passage of a bill providing
for the institution of real estate valuation
commission OF the city of New York, with
power to institute a normal rate of rent,
according to Tho capital invested and ii was
further resolved to hold the legislature of the
state and administration of tho city of New
York responsible for all consequences result
ing from boundless oppression to the work.
Ing population.
The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1881-04-13

THE
HERALD.
The Great and LEADING
Journal of. Texas.
Another cycle OF twelve months has rolled
around and we present again our annual
claims to the public for a continuance of the
generous and increasing patronage heretofore
extended to the HERALD.
The last year has been one fraught with deep
interest to Texas, and more particularly to the
northern portion of the state. New lines of
railroads have been projected and now under
construction, while the older companies have
been extending their maines and pushing
branches in every direction. immigration has
been pouring in from nearly every state in the
union and the deneslypopuatedcou countries OF Eu-
rope. These'lmmlgrants,a as class, are far Sill
perlor in intelligence and enterprise to those
usually falling to the lot of new countries. As
q general thing they possess means sufficient 10
erect comfortable dwellings, improve farms
and in this way add TO our general, prosperity
In the face of these facts the management of
the HERALD has endeavored to keep pace with
he advancement of the state, and the paper
has been enlarged from twenty four columns
few monthsago to forty eight column journal,
and Is now the
The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1881-04-13
A Fine Hotel.

We are constantly hearing from tho tray.
cling public, complimentary reports of the
III Paso Hotel in Fort Worth. L. is said to
be one of the finest in all north Texas.
There were one hundred and fifty arrivals
there yesterday.
The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1881-04-13
Largest Daily in Texas,

|
1t Is without superior In the whole south snt
stands unexcelled in Texas for the fulIness apt
correctness OF Its reports both at homo ant
abroad.
| The HRRALD in the future will occupy the
same high conservative ground which has al.
ways characterized 1t under Its present
management. showing favors to none, nor
fa'lling-to point out errors or endeayorlng
TO eradicate them even in the most exalted DO.
sltions, state or national.
The HERALD In politics is an Independent
ournal, progressive In is Ideas, and advocat
lug those true, sound democratic prInci-
pies and measure that should al one prevail In
true democratic country and to those who may
differ from 1t In Its views and ideas, and in
the discussion of great measures and princi.
pies which may present themselves to the pub
lie, 1t will DO courteous, and treat with con.
siderati onthe dissenting opinions of lts oppo
nenis, but In cool and deliberate manne
will battle Tor what 1t deems right and
for the great good of Texas and the country
at large.
The HERALD now occupies the high POSI-
tioh of being the representative and
Leading Paper OF Texas.
And, soaring above any petty Jealousles o
rivalcies,:t will lend Its influence TO any meas.
ure that will benefit any t,wn, city or sec
tion In our great and growing commonwealth
The management promises that their efforts
shall not DO relaxed In adding to the interest
and usefulness Of tho HERALD, and that saeh
month there shall be some improyemen, To
DO seen over the preceding one.
Tho Weekly Herald
Is published every Thursday, and.is filled
with the most interesting and useful article
which appear from day to day In the daily
HERALD, and therefore is generally esteem
he most valuable journal In tho state 10
those living OF tho line OF railroads and not
having daily postal communications with the
rest of the world. In View OF these facts II IN
confidently hoped that It's patronage will Ina
crease oommensuratcwith Its worth.
Price Decentralization
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19
Esse initial Things

Hon. D. +. De Wolf, State School
Commissioner of Ohio, read a paper
before the Atlanta Convention enti-
tied "Some Essentials in the Devel-
opmcnt of School System" He
said:
"The work Of educating, to. day,
no longer confines itself to the teach
ing of the three Rs. 1t embraces
pre-eminently the awakening of ideas
and sentiments relating to success in
life. The State is not alone intcres-
ted in the mere intelligence of the in
dividual, but much more in his rela-
tions to success in his special calling
not only that he may contribute his
part to the civilizing instrumentali-
ties but as the only way in which his
intelligence will lead him to regard
order as requisite to his freedom to
develop practical results, and the
freedom of others to do the same.
Society is interested in the thrift
of each individual, and it will de-
mand that not only the knowledge
and skill shall be developed, but that
also those virtues which are essential
to the securing of comfortable condi-
tions, shall be inculcated in the
schools, such as self denial, prudence,
temperance in the qualification of ar
tificial or unnatural tastes, temper
ance in eating and drinking, high
regard for Institutions and arts which
promote culture and virtue, such as
music, literature, etc. 1t will de-
mand that, above all, high sense of
social justice and social responsible
ity shall be inculcated, to manifest
itself in the effort, not only to pre-
sent q pure personal example, but
also to promote by other means than
by example, pure characters in 9TH
ers.
Men stand aghast at the prophetic
rumblings of an unreasoning and re-
lentless communism. And well they
may. 1t is a more serious thing. /
believe, than many Of us dare speak
Of above our breath. / verify be-
licye, and l am moi constitutionally
croaker, that more thorough stu
dy of this problem of
PUBLIC EDUC ALTON,
and development OF higher thoughts
regarding it than have ever prevail
ed, is our only safeguard against this
communism.
TIE FIRST REQUISITE.
A most essential requisite Of pub
lie school system is q full man OF
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19

Those contemplating trip westward
will certainly do well to carefully con-
suit the time tables of the Baltimore
and Ohio road. Its celebrated fast
trains, its sure connections, and rates
always as low as the lowest, make it
beyond all controversy the best line
west. Colonists are carried in first
class cars on fast trains, and every
possible care is taken to insure comfort
and convenience. BY the Baltimore
and Ohio only is tie choice of routes
offered to the west, via st. Louis or
Chicago, and in either case, trains run
through without change of cars. Di-
rect connection is made at both cities
with all leading lines to the west,
northwest and southwest, and there is
but single change of cars to Iowa,
Kansas, Nebraska, Texas, Minnesota
etc. No other line can offer such adj
vantages as the Baltimore and Ohio.
1t costs but very little time and trou-
BILE to learn this, and in the end may
lead to the saving of much of both as
well as m ney. Above all things do
not purchase tickets before having a
talk or receiving letter from one OF
the B. Il 0. Agents. A letter address
ed to B. f. Bond, Cumberland, Md;
to G. E. Dudrow, Harper's Ferry; to
Dan'l Bride, Baltimore. Md; or j.
A. Fritz, Somerset, Pa. or call upon
either of these gentlemen will lead to
thorough information as to all necessa-
ry details of time. connections, fares,
baggage and other matters.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19
NO. 6.

woman to conduct it, instead of its
work being committed largely to girls
and boys without reasoning power,
original or acquired, or to martinets
trained in special schools or in mar
row experiences in school-room life
alone. In the perfect system the
people will call to their aid, especial
ly in our large cities, which ought to
lead in the matter, and, indeed, they
will so organize the country school
as to employ there also body of
large minded, level.headed, thorough
thinkers, cognizant of the great
wants Of the age, of the great ten
cncies of the age, and capable Of
moulding the system, establishing
its practices and linking its work on
to the daily interests of society.
This carries with it several impor-
tant particulars as essential to tho
procuring of such talent and ability
for the work. The chief essential
here has already been referred to as.
necessary to the internal working of
the system itself, and that is, such a
warm and social interest in the mat.
ter as will direct the best and most
cultured minds to assume and main
tain an interest in this work. But
culture can only result from cultured
surroundings, as we have shown.
Hence one of the most essential re-
quisites of the coming system is such
social position for the teacher as
will render the highest culture avail
able in the schools.
The time seems most propitious
for the consideration of this subject.
The popular feeling is tender, fra
tcrnal and patriotic in an eminent
degree, this feeling having culmina-
ted into expression through provi-
dence that points strongly in the d.
rection of our thought. Our hearts
are magically knit to the heart Of a
man who, like large number Of our
great and useful men than ever be-
fore. has lifted himself out of what
are called the lowest walks of society
in a quality of life in which we all
acknowledge sensible interest
This peculiar expression of feeling
so spontaneous, so personal, so uni
yersal, is the index to great civili-
zed and civilizing human interest in
all the great capabilities OF the race,
a recognition of their use, servicea
bility, to each man and to all men.
Let us hope that in the midst OF
the other inspired and inspiring
thought and work Of our generation,
we are ready to welcome, In the full
ness Of its benevolent design, this
still higher inspiration to establish
truer social system, founded on no
fiendish desire to level men to com
mon death Of individuality, but on
tue supreme effort to level ourselves
and Others up through opportunity
and encouragement, through re-
cognition Of the fact that perfect con-
ditions of the whole come only
through perfect conditions of all the
parts, and that the true interests Of
the individual are to be attained on
ly through the perfection Of his lar
ger self, society.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19
Drying Ur.
From the Wheeling Register.

1t is matter Of common report
and common remark--not from out
siders, but residents-that West Vir-
ginia towns OFF the lines of railroad
communication are drying up
They are drying up like a gourd.
Their boundaries are set, and their
inhabitants are rafting around in
them like seed in the over ripe shell.
The world is moving away from
them.
Their isolation is like the weary.
dreary, aimless cnnui OF quaran-
tine.
They have lost their substance.
They have lost their business.
They have lost their money.
They have lost their ambition
They are used up.
Their occupation is gone; and
their young men are goinggoing to
the railroad towns.
The old storeboxes on the street
pavements are whitfield up and the
loafers are disconsolate. The cen
tripetence of theworlds current out
side, augments tho centrfflgence
which is whirling the population and
property Of these towns into the pools
OF industry and trade and exhaust
ing them Of all but their ancient tra
ditions and ideas.
What wonder that the heart Of
West Virginia is set on railroads
They are the life giving currents Of
modern civilization without whis.h
prosperity and progress are sole
cisms.
What wonder that with the con-
struction or one or two lines Of rail-
road the whole southern section OF
the State has suddenly become IN
stinct with life and thrift, its popu-
lation swelling, it's industries mar
yelonsly increasing, its hills and val
leys already dotted with the mill and
the mandatory; while the northern
section is--weil--as Webster would
say. wrapped in the solitude Of its
own originality"
That is the inevitable contrast
which railroads, and no railroads.,
produce.
Our State contemporaries must
not be too sensitive when we urge
upon them that their best service to
West Virginia, Is the agitation Of
railroad projects. They complain
that most Of our projeets are papcr
roads.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19

The emigration reports show some
curious facts. 1t is rather surpris-
ing that out of the half million stran-
gers that came to our shores last
year only forty-six were lawyers.
Clergymen are rather more numer-
Gus, and during the year, 269 ar
rived, seventy Of them from England
and the same number from Ireland
OF musicians there were 500, and
strange to say, only fortytwo of them
came from Italy; but whether the
bureau classed hand organs under
the head Of musical instruments is
not known. There were 21I teachers,
Sc sculptors, reporters, 159 artists,
80 editors, % dentists, SO architects,
and chiropodist. From the large
number of bakers ON the list it is
presumed that they must have heard
of the magnificent wheat fields of
Dakota and other places, and longed
to lend a hand in turning the golden
grain into bread. There were land
ed 1877 bakers during the year, and
of this number 734 came from Ger
many. There were 1,13S butchers,
1874 cabinet-makers, 2,033 masons,
2,l34 tailors, 1,474 weavers, 5,9SS
miners, and los, 012 laborers.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19
MORGANTOWN, w. VA, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 49, 1881.


pleted and in operation of $25,000,-
600.
This sum is about one-quarter OF
the amount at which the other lines
from Cincinnati to the seaboard
stand. The low cost is attributed to
the advantages of the route in follow
ing the river banks.
To pay 6per cent upon $25, 100000
the road must earn about $4,000
gross per mile.
1t is claimed that the road can
earn that amount from the start, and
soon double it. The projectors ar
que that the Chesapeake and Ohio
road, extending from Richmond, Va,
to Huntington, w. Va, practically
from nowhere to nowhere), and with
out western connections, has been
earning, $5,S20.s2 per mile, while the
Baltimore and Ohio earns $20,526.20
per mile.
The Erie, $I9,625 81.
The Pennsylvania, 500, 201.6l, and
the New York Central $29,920.4l.
+ Owners of valuable coal, timber
and iron ore land along the line in
West Virginia have promised to give
about three hundred thousand acres
of their lands. A construction com
pany has been formed under the law
of New Jersey to build and equip the
road.
1t is called the Union Improve
ment Company, and will have a cap
ital stock of $4,000, 900.
The railroad Company will deliver
to the Improvement Company $25,-
600, 1000 of first mortgage six per
cent. bonds and 25,000,000 of com
mon stock in consideration of the
construction and equipment by the
Improvement Company.
The Improvement Company will
first receive subscriptions to its own
capital stock of SO, 100000 and when
all taken will call up in installments
on the same as required, and proceed
at once with the construction of the
road.
The Improvement Company will
then negotiate, through it's bankers,
the $25,000,000 of bonds received
from the Railroad Company, and
when sold will use $lo,000.00O of the
money to reimburse the stockholders
of the Improvement Company for
chat amount of cash paid in by them
and apply the remainder, 81 100000
to the completion and equipment of
the road as per contract.
This will leave the $25,000,000 of
railroad stock still in the hands of
the Improvement Company, and when
that is divided up among the holders
of the $4,000, 900 Improvement Com
pany stock it will make q dividend
to them in railroad stock of two and
onc-half times the amount of their
original investment.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19


The Court OF Appeals of this State
rendered decision last Friday that
is of importance to all taxpayers
throughout the State. 1t is known
as the case of the City of Wheeling
vs.. James L. Hawley, and in sub
stance, is this: In 1878, while the
City Assessor was making his assess
ments for that year he discovered
that he had overlooked the assess
ment of Mr.. Hawley for certain prop
erty owned by him in the years 1876
and 1877, and therefore made sup
Elemental assessment covering the
same, the taxes on which amounted
to 1872 with interest. Mr.. Hawley
resisted the collection of said taxes
for the back years, on the ground
that the time was irrevocably past
for their assessment, contending that
such an assessment was illegal. The
city, through Mr.. Erskine, her solic-
itor, brought suit for said taxes in
the Municipal Court, where the de-
cision was in favor Of the city, sus-
tanning the perfect legality of the as
sessment. Mr.. Hawlcy appealed
from this decision and carried the
case to the Supreme Court, and as
we have said, decision was reached
last Friday; which decision sustain
ed the Judgment of the Municipal
Court, affirming the perfect validity
of an assessment. for such back taxes
as may be due from any tax payer.-
TaseYigcaccr
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1881-11-19


/. Recitations conducted as a read
ing lesson. Pupils read the lesson,
after which the teacher asks ques-
tions, or, perhaps oftener he has not
time to do so. We submit that this
is not teaching at all, though hun
dreds of our teachers follow it.
III. Lesson is studied and all ques-
tions on the same are asked by the
teacher, and answered by the pupils.
This is similar to the first, except
that the reading is omitted. 1t is a
step in advance Of the first, from the
fact that pupils must study the les
son II they expect to be able to recitc
il; whereas bright pupil can an
swer all questions from the mere read
ing of the lesson as class exercise.
III. /. Topical method: Teach
er assigns topics to each pupil, who,
as called to arise, repeat the topic
assigned, and tell what each can
concerning it.
2. Assign topic to each pupil, and
the pupils write on blackboard. This
is same as first, except the writing.
3. For reviews, assign topics the
day previous, by writing sub-divis-
ions Of the lesson on the blackboard.
The pupils copy on paper, or in pass
book, kept for the purpose. At the
recitation these same topics, or sub
divisions, are prepared on slips Of
paper by the teacher, and the pupils
draw the slips from his hand, and
recitc, as in the two former methods.
l have found this last very in
tcresting and successful method Of
teaching history. We may in the
future have more TO say On the sub
ject.