davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02
The Comet and its strange Inter-
Memphis Appeal.

MtIlpnlS Appedl.
The comet that appears at present
night and morning. setting in the north
west and rising in the northeast, is nat
urally "the observed of all observers"
Spite of the school master having been
so extrmely abroad the past forty years,
the most absurd ideas are to be heard
expressed about that strange guestin the
northern skies, that thing of terror and
surprise One error it is well to settle
there are not two comets, but one
comet seen in two positions. In the
evening it has been observed sinking
lower toward the northwest horizon,
and in the morning rising higher and
higher above the northeastern hor-
izon Around the polar star there are
number of stars that never set the
twenty-four hours round they are with
in what is called "the circle ofperpetual
apparition." The stars just outside
this circle dip little below the horizon,
then rise again: the further from this
circle the longer the stars disappear be-
meath the horizon. Within this circle
lies the well-known Clipper" the hind
quarters and tail of Ursa Major. The
comet has been situated just outside the
circle of perpetual apparition, conse-
quently it disappeared each evening
below the horizon, but it soon arose
again to the east of the point where it
set. As the comet is approaching the
north it rises higher toward the north
pole star every day, and consequently,
on entering the circle of perpetual ap-
PARTON, will be visible, like the Dip
per, the whole night through as far as
the moons shining will permit.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02
T0n nRASeA.

Worthy Master w. G. Barnett is
the delegate to represent Henry
county, Tenn, at the next meeting
of the State Grange to be held at
McMinnville in August.
Worthy Master Harwell writes us
that he has been invited to visit
Davidson and Carroll counties for
revival purposes, and was making
his arrangements to go. This work
of revival is going on all over the
country, and there is no one better
fitted for it than the talented and
Jealous Master of the Tennessee
State Grange.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02
A Good Letter from An Earnest
Patron.

Editor journal OF Agr1Cultue:
Probably it will be a satisfaction
to some to hear how the Order is
getting along in Dunkling county.
The Grange to which belong had
some trouble for the last two or
three months and still we are on
tie BOOM The Order in this county
is generally uoon rising ground,
and | am satisfied will soon be in a
fourishing condition. The men,
bers seem to have greater zeal for
Grange work than they have ever
had before and are trying to edu-
cate themselves in both the work
and principles Of the Order, the
better to understand our own bust
ness in order to be able to stand in
defence Of our rights. Unless we
do this we will be imposed upon by
other classes of people and the la
boring classes will be doomed to a
life of hardship forever. All labor
ing people acknowledge that our
cause is good one, and that our
demands are just and should be
granted. This is acknowledged by
all who do not belong to the Order,
and more especially by those who
do belong to it, Yet there are many
men and women who are staying
out of the Grange, without reasona-
bic excuse, protesting to be Gran
gers in principle. This seems very
strange to me. Some will say: 81
can be a Granger without jo- ming
the Grange" Let me say to those
who think thus that it is impossible,
Just as nuch so As it is to be Chris
tian without protesting religion.
Tell me, my friends out Of the
Grange, what good you can 10 for
the Order and you not a member
yourself? You may talk in favor
of the Order, until you wear your
tongue out as bell wears its clap
per, and your hearers will only say:
"Well, if it is such a good thing
who don't you join the Order and
help to GARY out the prnciE pies"
Just so on the other hand; sinner
may talk to sinner until his head
sheds the hair off, and his s. bject
can only say: "Well why don't you
do so and SO yourself?" This may
come before the eyes of some one
who does not belong TO the Grange,
who thinks he is Patron in princi-
pie, and if it does let me ask him to
go back and read it again carefully
and ask him or herself-whet ought
| to do? And he or she is certain
to say II ought to join the Grange" F"
The question naturally arises:
"Why ought to join the Granger"
The answer will be: "because l am
unjustly oppressed by burdens that
other people ought to bear" This
is as true as preaching, and it is the
duty of every honorable man and
woman to aid in freeing the farmers
from these unjust burdens laid upon
the shoulders of the laboring class.
Not only US, my friends who want
to be free, but your sons and daugh-
tiers want to be free after you have
left this stage of action. Thi of
this if you please, for if the tide is
not turned in favor of the laboring
people, many of us who have at
tanned the age of thirty and forty
wears are not too old to live to see
the time come when the monoloolists
will say to US, much more to our
children: ssSee here, sir, you have
a PIECE Of land, and want it; make
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

The true Granges-those whose
members are alive to the great work
before them and who accept and
practice the principles and methods
OF the Order-are moving forward
steadily and healthfully. In such
Oranges, our leaders who have the
opportunity and the privilege of
going out among the people to ad-
Vocate their cause, meet with enthu-
slastlc and effective support. The
members of these Oranges generally
nave their cooperative stores, and
nave learned so well the beauties
and advantages of the cooperative
system, that they appreciate the
orange at its true value and work
Tor 1t in the right spirit. And the
number of these Oranges is increas-
ing daily throughout the country
Within twelvemonth, the Grange
VIII be at the head of American or
CARNATIONS both in numbers and In.
fiuence.
The meeting of the Tennessee
State Grange promises to be full
one. West Tennessee will be well
represented We will make arrange
ments to publish the proceedings in
Iuil as soon as we can obtain the
copy from the committee,
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02
The Cooperative Store system.

The cooperative idea ought to
be a very attractive one to the Amer
lean mind. To begin with, the ma
tional tendency t. form associations
would be gratified by the joint
stock character of the movement.
To hold shares in any thing
that is not absolutely dead gives one
an agreeable feeling of affiuence
which the possession Of mere mon
ey can not bestow.
So much money is so much mon
ey, neither more nor less, but the
share" which represents money,
has latent possibilities of increase,
and brightens the financial horizon
with a halo of contingent dividends.
In spite of this, and in spite of the
fact that a member of the CO opera
tive stores are successfully carried
on in this country, and that the the
ory and practice of cooperation
have been abundantly set forth in
the newspapers, the progress of the
movement here is slow.
In England the cooperative
stores are numerous and profitable.
The statistics of their financial
growth indicate a vigor of constitu-
ton which promises long life. Co
operation, after this, is no longer
an experiment, and no one, entering
upon it in this country, need fail OF
waste time in expensive expert
ments.
Properly carried on, the returns
are as certain as in any other legiti
mate business. The figures which
we get from cooperative stores OF
England argue eloquently for the
system. The organization even there
is of recent origin. Many of them
started with small capital.
A cooperative store at Durham
began business in 1862 with a cap
ital of seventeen dollars and a half,
furnished by workingmen. In 1877
it had 2,o43 members, capital OF
sos, 900, and a business amounting
to $40, 5S7. 1t also owned its own
store, possessed library of I,5oc
volumes, and during the fifteen
years of its existance had divided
100000 among the shareholders
Three years,,ago there was in Eng.
land 2,Ia3 cooperative stores, and
the expenditures at them IN 1875
amounted to one hundred million
dollars, while their profits exceeded
nine million, and over 100000 per.
sons held membership in them.
The first wholesale cooperative
store was started in 1864 with a
capital of $1,000. In 1880 it fur
nished retail establishment with
goods to the amount of twenty five
millions of dollars.
These wholesale stores are an i'm.
portant part of the CO operative sys-
tenn and almost indispensable to its
successful working. The whole.
sale store buys exclusively for ths
societies of the union interested in
il. 1t buvs for cash and sells fol
cash, never making and bad debts
1t keeps no stock on hand to grow
stale, and the smallest and most pro
vincial store among its customer.
may be sure of getting perfectly
pure goods. In 1880 there were
$50 societies in the union which
owned the store referred to, and
each retail store held share fol
every ten members. The whole
number Of memhFes was 33I,6s5.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

We print elsewhere the rules and
regulations for organizing Co-pera-
tive Associations and for establish
ing and conducting cooperative
stores, sent to us by Worthy Secre-
tary VIM. Jos. Johnson, of the Ala
bama State Grange. We believe
these rules and regulations differ but
little from those of the Roch-
dale system except in one important
particular. The former allow a vote
for each share of stock, while the
latter system limits the shareholder
to one vote regardless of the number
of shares held. If the Oranges in
Alabama adopt the plan of allowing
vote for each share, they will fail
in their cooperative enterprises.
That is not true cooperation.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

We hear from many sources great
surprised expressed at the rapid
growth of public sentiment in favor
of an equality of rights, and particu-
larly to the fast that progress seems
more rapid in our agricultural dis.
tricts than in the larger towns and
cities, and we are requested to sug-
gest reason We think the an
swer may be embodied in two words
The Grange" ~
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

The cooperative store in this
county continues to grow-giv;ng
complete satisfaction to shareholders
and customers, and it is exerting a
good moral influence throughout
large section of country. To day
statement of last quarters business
will be made and a dividend de-
clared. We will publish the report
in our next. The next step will be
a cooperative store and Grange
warehouse in this city; but we hear
of some farmers in this section who
intend to ship their cotton direct to
to the Southwestern Cooperative
Association at New Orleans.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02
COLUMBUS, MISSISSIPPI, July 2, 1881.

will give as fitting receptions as he
will receive from the Patrons and
farmers in this county.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

the public, either with voice or pen, he
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

t.>.- WI, ssss. 80 fScr
dc was secured, another half million
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-07-02

- .ssssas % sle- si+s Bee iss rs7s commission
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
Orchard Cultivation.
ner and Fruit Groacer.

From, the Farmer and Fruit GroWer.
The Horticultural editor of the
Porarie Farmer, who is an eucharist
of large experience, and a very
thoughtful investigator of all sub
iects relating to fruit growing, gives
this very sensible plan tor cultivating
orchards. There is certainly the least
possible sense i'll crowding team
up under the tar spreading limbs Of
a tree, simply breaking the roots and
the limbs, and tearing up the sell to
be washed away. The feeding roots
of the tree are mostly beyond the
spread of the limbs, and the space
within their perpendicular shadow
had better be lett undisturbed by the
plow. For neatuess, convenience,
and the advantage to falling fruit,
this space had better be kept i'll grass.
All cultivation and manuring should
be done where the feeding roots will
get the advantage OF it, which is much
further from the trunk OF the tree
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIST.

than most people suppose.ss But
hear the Farmer man:
"Our plan for cultivating bearing
orchard-and we ask for none better,
only we want better tool than the
common pillow to stir the soil with -
is to plow the soil between the rows
one way, not trying to plow very
near the stem of the trees, about the
first OF May with common turning
pillow, then in ten days harrow thor
Oughly, then in ten days again, and
then about the tenth OF June plow
the orchard the other way then har-
row three times as before. This
plan we adopted after great deal
OF study and experiment. We reas-
oned in this way: If we should
pillow the orchard both ways, turning
all the ground possible, we would
destroy so many roots as to give the
orchard severe check, but by plow-
ing it between the rows only one
way at time, we leave at least half
the roots undisturbed, and the trees
are not checked at all. And, we
cared not how many roots we plow.
ed up between the trees one way;
we knew the undisturbed roots
would hold the trees in thrift until
the broken roots could put forth new
feeding roots in the fresh mellow
plowed land. This kind of culture
is adapted TO high, dry, rather poor
hill land; on richer and more moist
soil it would have to be modified to
suit, for, SO long as an orchard of
bearing trees is making a growth Of
from six to fifteen inches yearly it has
vigor enough. There can be no gen.
eral plan for the culture of orchards
given, tor the culture Of each orchard
must be according to it's soil and re-
quirements. The cultivation neces-
sary on thin, dry soil, would cause
an orchard on richer, moister soil
to run all to wood, with none or lit
fruit. Rich, level, or pararie soils
should be treated very differently
from thin. dry hill soils; when plant
ed in orchard they should generally
be laid down in grass, and the thrift
of the trees kept up in part by cut
ting back and thinning out the outer
branches, and by surface manuring,
and eventually by by blowing mar
row strips between the rows.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
Garden Vegetables.

When we read of produce worth
from $500 to $1,000 per acre being
taken from gasaen we must under
stand that the ground was not only
highly MANFRED and well worked, but
that it was made TO produce several
successive crops of vegetables during
the same season. 10 the vicinity of
Boston it is not unusual to ralse
four crops on the same soil, short as
is the growing season. Winter
spinach is harvested early in April,
the seeds having been sown after the
ground had been cleared of vegetable 8
the previous tall. Onion sets, garden
cress, lettuce, or radishes are then
pl anted and are ready for market by
the first of June. Melon or squash
vines, started in hot beds, are then
set out in hills about eight feet apart
and kept from running long distances
by pinching ofthe ends. The ground
between the hills is planted with
celery. If the first crop harvested is
winter spinach, it is comparatively
easy to mature crop of early and
late cabbages or cauldower on the
same soil, it the cabbage and cauli-
flower plants are started in a hot
bed. A sufficient number of radishes,
cabbages and cauliAower plants can
generally be raised in rows OF beels,
carrots and parsnips, and taken out
before the plants last named are OF
sufficient size to require the entire
space. They serve useful purpose
in marking the rows so that the soil
between them may be kept clear OF
weeds, Late beets, carrots and par
ships REQUIRE nearly the entire season
to attain full growth, but in the case
OF most garden vegetables two crops
can be raised on the same soil to ex>
cellent advantage. Among the veg
etables suited tor the first crop are
spinach, top onions, lettuce, radishes
and early peas, beans, potatoes and
cabbages. The best crops to succeed
these are celery, flat turnips, toma.
toes, melons, squashes, tomatoes aud
Lima beans may be started between
rows OF early potatoes, as the latter
will be dug before the former will
attain such a growth as to require
any considerable amount OF space.
Where ground is kept occupied by
vegetables designed tor the table OF
market there Is no space for weeds
and grass.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
MothersE HcOlhers!. Molhers!!!

Are you disturbed at night and broken of
yourtrest by sick child suffering and crying
with the eXcruciating pain of cutting teeth? If
so, go at once and get bottle of MRS. WIN
SLOWS SOOTHING SYRUP. 1t will relieve
the poor little sufferer neutrality-suspicious.
upon it there is no mistake about. There is
nomother on earth who has ever used it, who
will not tell you at once that it will regulate
the bowels, and give rest the mother, and re
lief and health to the child, operating like
magic. 1t is perfectly safe to use in all cases,
and pleasant to the taste, and is the perscrip-
ton of one of the oldest and best female ply
SicianS and nurses in the United States, Sold
everywhere. % cents bottle. 129tf
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
A Cough Cold or Sore Throat

should be stopped. NegIecr frequently results
is an Incurable Lung Disease or Consumption.
BI OWNS Bronchial TrOches are certain
to give relief in Asthma, Bronchitis, Coughs,
Catarrh, Consumptive and Throat Diseases.
For thirty years the Troches have been recon-
mended by physicians, and always give per,
feet satisfaction. They are not new or untried
but have been tested by wide and constant
use for nearly an entire generation, they have
attained well merited rank among the few
staple remedies of the age. Public speakers
and Singers use them to clear and strengthen
the Voice. Sold at % cents n box everywhere.
l29tf
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
1872 lot
HOMESTEAD NOTICE.
Land Office a:
~ M NTo,>I 40 1901

NOTICE is hereby given that the follow
ing-named settler has filed notice OF his
Intention to make final proof III support
of hi. claim. and secure final entry there
of at the expiration OF thirty days from
Homestead, No. 1871, before j. ". Dickins
Clerk Circuit Court ut Enterprise Fla,
on Monday, May =, 1881, ior the northeast
! section Is, township II south, range so
east, and names the following as has wit
nesses. VIZ: j. Is. J0rual, j. 7. Cook, D.,
III. Anderson, and IL. y. Justin, all OF
l.. A. BARNES.
152 I5D Register
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
HOMESTEAD NOTICE.
Land Office at

Gainesville, Fla, Mar. %, 1881.
NOTICE is hereby given that the follow
ing-named settler has filed his intention
to make final proof in support of his
claim, and secure final entry thereof at
the expiration of thirty LAYS from the
Hon Homestead No. 2O9G, before j. w. Dickins,
CLERK Circuit Court at Enterprise, + Ia,
on Monday, May 2 1851. for the south of
northwest / and northeast OF, northwest
] sect " -, township Il south. range 80
east, and names the following as his wit
w Lancaster, and &. Z. Wilcox, all OF
l.. A. BARNES.
152 156 Register.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
HOMESTEAD NOTICE.
Land Office at
Gainesville, Fla, March Is, 1881,

NOTICE is hereby given that the following
~ named settler has filed notice Of his inten-
ton to make final proofin support of his claim,
and that said proof will be made before j. w.
Dickins, Clerk Circuit Court at Enterprise,
Florida, May 9th, 1881, viz: Richard c. Smith,
Homestead Number 2,l20, for the east OF
southwest i, and northwest of southwest /,
Section 30, Township Is south, Range so east.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon, and cultivation
IF said land, viz: Daniel Blacl<welder, Henry
Morris. J. w. Odum. and S. T.. McCorl1le, all of
Spring Garden, Fla. Da.;a4o,,
$50 1H Il, "A, BARNES, heSlSler.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
ThelHrPateSt Blessing.

A simple, pure, harmless remedy, that
cures every time, and prevents disease
by keeping the blood pure, stomach reg
ular, kidneys and liver active, is the
greatest blessing ever conferred upon
man. Hop Bitters is that remedy, and
its proprietors are beng blessed by
thousands who have baen seved and
and cured by it. Will yo1 try it'd
ale
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
GRAY TIairs arc EHonorabIe

But their premature appearance is an
noying. Parker's Hair Balsam IS popu-
lar for cleanliness and promptly restor-
ing the youthful color.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
EXECUTORS NOTICE.

NOTICE is hereby given that all persons in
In debted to the estate of the late James d.
ceased, are required to make immediate pay
ment TO me- and all persons having claims
and demands against said estate INCLUDING
distribution are notified that their claims
and demands will be barred at the expiration
of two years unless exhibited duly authenti-
to me or my attorney, f. j. LaPenotiere, En-
terprise, Florida. --.
RICHARD II. COWPERTIWAITB,
Executor of the last will of James ID. Ditnars,
deceased.
IF. j. LAPENOTIBRE,
Attorney at Law, Enterprise, $50 157
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
Cultivation of Corn.

The following paper was read be-
fore the Tuckahos Farmers Club, at
their March meeting, by DIR. Deit-
rick, who owns large farm on the
James, and is one Of our largest and
most enterprisiug and successful
farmers:
Mr.. President and Gentlemen Of the
IuckohOe Farmers Club:
The question before US tor discus
s on to day is the planting and Guilt
walton of corn and the best kind 10
use as seed. This subject is one OF
very great interest to the farming
community, as corn is surely the
staff OF lite TO us farmers.
Ground, to be planted in corr,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27

Keep out of debt, out OF quarrels,
out Of damp clothes, out OF reach OF
liquors, and out of doors all you can
in good weather.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
LAKE MONROE AND LAKE
JESSUP r.. Il.

JECCUI II. II.
NOTICE is hereby given, that in accordance
IN with the provisions of an act of the Legis-
lature of the State of Florida, entitled an act
to provide for the Incorporation OF Railroads
and Canals, approved February 10Th, 1874, we
the undersigned. have formed "a company to
be styled, named, and known as the Lake
Monroe and Lake Jessup Il. r. Co., for the
purpose of constructing, maintaining and op-
roe, in the county of Orange, State of Florida,
to q point on Lake Jessup, in the county of
Orange, State of Florida, for public use in the
conveyance of persons and property, said road
to be run through the county of Orange, and
to be twenty miles in length.
JOSEPH FINEGAN,
MI. DOYLE,
j, f. PACE,
IA I56 9. j. Fox.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1881-04-27
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENT.
ADMINISTRATIONS NCTICE.

ADMl n lSIRA1ORS NOI1CE.
NOTICE is hereby given that after six
IN months publication of this notice 1 will
present my vouchers and final account as adj
miniStrator of the estate of the late William
Bayles, late ofthe County of Volusia, deceased,
to the County Court of the County of Volusia,
and apply to to the Judge of the said court to
be discharged from my duties as such admin
istrator. II. B. CORWIN, Administrator,
DaytOna, Fla.
Enterprise, Fla, March, Sth, 1881. 1878