New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1881-12-21

exceeds $l.OOO,OOO.
The attention Of Congress is again
pointed to the subject of establishing q
system Of savings repositories in connec-
ton with the Post Office Department.
THE sTATIsTICs OF NAIL TRANSPORTATION
show that during the past year railroad
routes have been increased in length g.
A9 miles, and in cost $1l1.3S2, while
steamboat routes have been decreased in
length 2.182 miles, and in cost S134,O54.
The so-called star routes have been de-
creased in length 349 miles and in cost
1854, IA. Nearly all Of the more expens-
i've routes have been superseded by rail-
road service. The cost of the star service
must, therefore, rapidly decrease in the
Western States and Territories.
The Postmaster General, however,
calls attention to the constantly-increas-
ing cast Of the Railway Mail Service as
serious difficulty in che way Of making
the department self-snstaining.
Our postal intercourse with foreign
countries has kept pace with the growth
of the domestic service. Within the past
year several countries and colonies have
declared their adhesion to the Postal
Union. It now includes all those which
have an organized postal service, except
Bolivia, Costa Rica. New Zealand and the
British colonies in Australia.
As has been already stated, great re-
ductions have recently been made in the
expense of
THE STAR ROUTE SERVICE.
The investigation Of the Department of
Justice and the Postofice Department,
have resulted in the presentation OF in
dictments against persons formerly con-
kn1 +, $1~A
of otfenses against the United States. I
have enjoined upon the officials, who are
charged with the conduct Of the cases on
the part Of the Government and upon the
eminent counsel, who, before my acces
sion to the Presidency, were called to
their assistance, the duty of prosecuting
with the utmost vigor of the law, all per.
sons who may be found chargeable with
frauds upon the Postal Service.
The acting Attorney General calls at
tention to the necessity of modifying the
present system of
THE COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES,
q necessity due to the large increase of
business, especially in the Supreme Court.
Litigation in our Federal tribunals be-
came greatly expanded after the close of
the late war. So long as that expansion
might be attributable to the abnormal
condition in which the community found
itself Immediately after the return of
peace, prudence required that no change
be made in the constitution of our judicial
tribunals. But it has now become appar-
ent that an immense increase of litigation
has directly resulted from the wonderful
growth of development Of the country.
There is no ground for belief that the
business of the United States Courts will
ever be less in volume than at present.
Indeed, that it is likely to be much great
er is generally recognized by the bench
and bar. In view of the fact that Con
gress has already given much considera-
ton TO this subject, make no suggestion
as to detail but express the hope that
your deliberations may result in such leg
islation as will give early relief to our
over burdened court.
THE REPORT OF THR SECRETARY OF THE
. INTERIOR,
with accompanying documents, presents
an elaborate account of the business of
that department. A summary of it would
be too extended for this place. ask
your careful attention to the report itself.
Prominent among the matter which chal-
lenges the attention of Congress at its
present session is
THE MANAGEMENT OF OUR INDIAN AFFAIRS.
While this question has been cause Of
trouble and embarrassment from the in
fancy of the government, it is but recent
ly that any effort has been made for its
solution at once serious, determined, con-
sistent and promising success. 1t has
been easier to resort to commencement
make shifts for tiding over the Temporal
ny difficulties, than to grapple with the
great prominent problem, and according
ly the easier course has almost invariably
been pursued. It was natural at time
when the national territory seemed al
most illimitable, and contained many mill
lions of acres south of the bonds of civil
lied settlement, that a policy should have
been initiated which more than aught
Ase, has been the fruitful source of our
indian complication. l refer, Of course,
to the policy of dealing with the various
Indian tribes as separate nationalities; of
regulating them by treaty stipulations to
the occupancy of immense reservations
in the West, and of encouraging them to
live uhdisturbed, by any earnest and
well-directed efforts, and to bring them
under the influences of civilization. The
unsatisfactory results which have sprung
from this policy are becoming apparent
to all. As the white settlements have
crowded the borders of the reservations,
the Indians, sometimes contentedly and
sometimes against their will, have been
transferred to- other hunting grounds,
from which they have been again dis
lodged whenever their new-found homes
have been desired by the adventurous
settlers. These removals, and the from
tier collisions by which they have often
been preceded, have led to frequent and
disastrous conflicts between the races. 1t
is proftless to discuss here which of them
has been chiefly responsible for the dis
| turbances whose recital occupies so large
space upon the pages of our history.
We have to deal with the appalling fact
that though thousands of lives have been
| sacrificed and hundreds of millions of
dollars expended in the attempt to solve
the Indian problem, it has until the past
few years seemed scarcely nearer solu-
tion than it was half century ago. But
the Government has of late been eau
tiously but steadily feeling its way to the
adoption of a policy which has already
produced gratifying results, and which,
in my judgment, is likely if Congress and
the Executive record in its support, to
relieve us ere long from the difficulties
which have hitherto beset us.
For the success of the efforts now
making to introduce among the Indians
the customs and pursuits Of civilized life,
ana gradually to absorb them into the
mass of our citizens, sharing their rights
and holden to their responsibilities, there
is imperative need for legislative actions.
Ny suggestions in that respect will be
chiefly such as have been already called
to the attention Of Congress, and have re-
ceived, to some extent, its consideration.
First, l recommend the passage of an act
making the laws Of the various States
and Territories applicable to the Indian
reservations within their borders and ex-
tending the laws Of the State of Arkansas
to the portion of the Indian Territory not
occupied by the FIVE civilized tribes. The
Indian should receive.
THE PROTECTION OF THE LAW.
He should be allowed to maintain in court
his rights Of person and property. He
has repeatedly begged for this privilege.
| It's exercise Wonld ha very valuable To