The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1881-07-29
RArrs OF ADvrETislSe.

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That all differences will be- settled ly
negotiation and arbitration. That tlss
civilized and enlightened nations of tic
earth will be bound together Is fsii..l
ciples of selfinterest and liberal zfates.
mansbip into a brotherhood ~tiiat viii
prevent foreign wars entirely and
that al! articles Of produce ard .asnu-
facture will 6e freely exchanged with
out restriction, as the interests of the
people Of all countries demand. That
the principle OF seIf-preseryAtion IN
grained In mans nature will give a
force and meaning, 10 the Peace on
earth and good will among men that
has never before then attached TO IL,
and bring it home 10 the business and
bosoms Of the toiling millions Of the
earth.
There Is another question If vltai
importance To the farmers of Oregon
somewhat connected with the rDatlers
/ have been referring to, aid that is the
carrying trade I; both by water aud By
land. This is a subject that Is attract
ing attention all over the country. ~
Congress and out Of ii, and number
Of speeches have been made On the sub
ject and number Of very able articles
written and Published IN the prominent
magazines of the cc untry among
them are the speeches Of Senators
Beck and Balm in the United States
Senate, and the article Of John Roach,
the great ship builder, in the Hay
number 1881 Of the y0rthera Ameyi-
can RerieIr, and al answer to Il IN the
June number by w g. Summer, Pro-
fessor in Yale college. From tbese
different sPeecbes and aIticles it appears
to him clearly established that our
country has lost her standing a.
commercial power, and that the carry
ing trade IS now mainly in the hands
OF England, and British bottoms sIe
doing the principal part of the carry
ing for the world.
That Americans need ships there is
no one disputes During the year
ending June Goth, 1880, the value Of
our exports and imports was 81 ,5S9,-
472 ,O93, of which foreign ships carried
81 ,309, sec, 1876 and American ships
$3.50, 0,005, ,497, or only I1.G per cent.
In 1860 Of exports and imports valued
at S7G2, 2,2sS,55O, American ships
carried 66.J per cent, leaving To Tor
eign ships but 33 5 per cent. So muei
OF a revolution has taken place in our
position as ocean carriers since the be
giuniug of QUE civil war. From 1870
to 1880 our export trade increased 4yesa
100 PEE cent, and If il should increase
AZ one-half that rate for the next ten
years our surplus products requiring
ship transportation would exceed o.
100000 tons. We should not for !.
moment think of letting a foreigner
carry them for Us on the Ia1d, -why.
should We on the ocean Shall We
carry our fair proportion Of them
Then we must have ships and ought to
build them. IL We do not adopt a
policy to do so now when shall Ne be-
gin On the safe delivery OF these
products in the worlds markets and
on the cash returns depends our fnAn-
cial stability"
There is great difference of cpin-
ion as TO the best means of raising
the ship building interest in the
United States, and regaining curlors-
er proud position in the carrying trade
on the high seas. Some of the writ
ers and speakers on this subject claim
that the only way it can be done i
by the Government granting lihersi
subsidies for that purpose. Others
claim that il the duty was removed
from iron, steel, cordage, aud every
article that goes into a ship, 50 that
our people could be placed upon the
same footing with the ship builders
on the Clyde, we could soon whiten
the ocean with American sails as of
old, and that taxing farmers again TO
force the production of ships, and
taxing farmers again to pay subsidies
to enable protected ships TO do buSi-
ness, is not the way to make the
country rich. No doubt every one
would be glad to see ali OF our ships
built at home, but whatever may be
the correct view Of that question,
what more directly interests our peo-
pie is the question OF cheap transpor-
tation. The scarcity of vessels and
the high prices of freight have been
more oppressive to the farmers of
Oregon than. those of any other state
in the Union, and unless something
can be done to increase the amount of
shipping, and create healthy COM
petition in water carrisge SO as 10 al
low the producer reasonable com
pensation for his labor, he " i'll con-
tlnue to suffer from the combinations
of capital against him in that direc-
ton that he does from
nations that control the
so forcibly portrayed ,
from the recent able
Master OF tho Ssats
State
He says "Last yel
wool market showed an
dency, tweaty dollars per-
added TO the freight on it, from
Francisco to New York, thereby lay
ing tax on the wool shipped from
the Columbia river of not less than
seventy thousand dollars, and putting