The Newberry herald. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1865-1884, 1881-07-20

QOGS not consist DI. iOaW IL III USl
be filled up with it about one foot
deep, and this must be talnped
down hard. 4 second layer fol-
lows and is disposed Of III the
same manner, This is repeated +
the clay being moistened every
time if required, and then beaten
down soiidly. This lower stratum
is but the foundation Of the dam,
WHICH is formed from. the earth
dug out OF. the pond or its svlclnity..
I Th3s is continued untii the dam is
completed. Care must be taken,
| however, that che construction
I and tampihg down Of this lower
stratum be done in layers and
nothing but yool clay be Used. In
I this manner the material OF the
! foundation will become very te-
nacious mass, which will not allow
any water to penetrate. The
completion Of this Iaborio0s task.
| Will b. a source of ultimate satiS.
faction, as many disadvantages,
[
which might arise after the filing
Of the pond, will be done away
| with through its agency. The
dam should not be made entirety
OF clay; for in Midsummer, dur
ing the great heat, it would dry
out TOO much OH that side niOst
exposed to the sun, and comse-
| quently it. would become full Of
fssures. through which the water
would escape, and this might. be-
come disastrous for the establish.
ment. ...'@".,. ...'.:-:',. T." =
On account Of the required out;
Iet-sluices, etc, the fact must be
kept in view, that such newly con
structed dams will sink ten per
cent. afeer a lapse Of. time Of little
more than a year, with the excep-
~;ion of that portion Which has
been soIidIy made. The dam sbonid
be sodded.. For the draining Of
the pond, at the fishing out sea,
500, it should have an outlet at
the lower end, if no other adcaD-
-tageous arrangements can be made
for the purpose. The use of wood
work for; the channel. should be
avoided, its durability not being
sufficient. The most desirable
construction would be that the
outlet. channel oopsist, either OF
masonry work or wafer pipes,
which may be made either Of clay
or iron. This channel or pipe.
must be so made that it can be
closed tightly or opened again
readily. if. needed. and must be
provided with two, or 'three;fotd
gratings to prevent the escape OF
the fishes upon the opening OF the
sIuiee. At the same i. time there
should be an outlet-channe!, sew
erai feet in breadth, ut the side Of
the pond to allow the water to run
off. This must also. be secured by
grating, but, SHOULD be kept: open
always, SO that in case o! con-
tlnued rainy weather or sudden
and -;oIent showers Of rain or
thundcr-storms, no over6owing OF
the banks or dams may be posi-
bic through the unexpected rising
Of the water.in the e'pond. Large
ish-ponds of ~severa! hnnored
acres extent. (some have asurtace q
Of ! 200 1900 or 2.000 acres) nave
generally and according to their
size. two. o? three outlets / have,
described, and which pass under
meath the dam. The outflow from
these is usually regulated by ad'
iustment Of the food-gates from
the top Of the dam.
The so-caIIed 'MOnche' (moOIs)
are wooden boxes, which stand
in the pond at distance Of few
feet from the dam. They are
perforated like a sieve, or are
provided with small adjustable
boards, and wooden pipes run
| from them through the dam. In
Bohemia they are called carp
houses ; they are, however, re. "
" used in large establishments at
,rosont only such culturiStS max