National Republican., 1881-10-22
NEW YORK'S RED MEN.
TEE ALLEGHENY RESERVATION.
An Interesting Visit TO Six villages--Capaeity Of
the River-Evidences Of Thrifi, Energy, and
Enterprise-The Fishing-ABecdotes
OF Governor Blacksnake.
Special Correspondence Of THE RrrupIroAS.


Seneca head d-man. who is thriny, competent, and
industrious farmer. He greeted us court eously.
"Nyah- wah- ska. no, JudgeY' [IIow do you do y
"Do.gus-ah- -gwas-eh, Mr.. President tVery well.l
These broad fats we see. Mr.. President, upon both
banks Of this beautiful Allegheny River are very
Fertile. the bountiful crops Of corn bear Witness
Our lands are very good, Judge II plow
deep, cultivate thoroughly, and harvest in time,
crops pay us well. We have stacks Of corn-stalks
and fodder for horses and COWS; much corn for
samp; plenty meal for johnny cakes"
"Those lofly hills beyond the fats, crested with
magnificent trees, are grand. The trees crowned
with tho richest autumn tints OF green, yellow,
purple, and crimson cominglng, giving singular
appearance OF old gold, and look pretty enough
in the distance for the loyeliest woman's-adorn-
rnent"
sour Indian girls or your pale. faced maidens
would be very proud to be clothed in colors so rich
and brilliant as autumn leaves. But-ah, hero
comes our leading lawyer, nn ex-oouncilor and
wise man. He draws our national papers and
represents us at Washington He Is q descendant
fan old chieftain-Kod-je-ot This is Harrison
Half Town"
"wah- no, oenerair'
"Do-gus, Judgep
"Isce by your letters to THE REPUBLICAN, that
you have visited the Cattaraugus Reserve, aud
gave good account OF II, with our friends Colonel
Logan, Interpreter Dennis, aud Father Jlmeson
Your sketch of those lifelong, faithful friends Of
the Indians, Rev. Asher Wright and Mrs. Wright
was good and Just"
"How many acres in the Allegheny reserve, Mr.
Councillor Half TOWN."
" It contains about 9o,46o acres, exclusive ofthe
river, which Il follows on both banks for some
thirty Ave miles northeasterly from the Pcnnsyl-
vania State line, and varies in width from three
fourths Of q mile TO two miles"
But by an act of Congress you have set apart
six villages to lense to whites Are those villages
udad in ha vnu hav uta tpd
cilorH"
"Ycs, sir; the six villages Of Red House, West
Salamanca, Salamanca, Great Valley, Cerrolton,
and vandala are included. We have also about
sixty miles OF railroads within the reserve"
"wbatis the population, Indians and whites, on
the reserveY
"About nine hundred Indians and four thousand
whites
"who receives the rentals from the leased lands
In the six villages, and what is the amountg'
The rents belong to the Seneca Nation, and the
amount Is about $4,000, which sum win gradually
be increased"
"You have new United States agent; are you
n pleased with him7'
ave are well suited with Major Casler. our new
agent; and we have long known him here, for he
was reared near us and understands our wishes"
"Councilor, does not the Allegheny River afford
suPERIoR NoTivE-PowER FOR MLIsr
M "Ob, yes, sir; the river has capacity for n vast
N water power. but since the manufacture OF pine
lumber has nearly ceased the river Is only utilized
at Salamanca and therein alimited way. A dam
from the right bank 10 Johnny Lewis Island turns
the river into large race, from whence water and
power are given to thelarge
lH sAw-MLIs AND PAPER PuLp.MILIs
ahalf mile from the Union Railroad depot, on the
opposite side OF the river"
1.-THE manufacture Of pulp from wood for paper
stock is new enterprise, believer
"Yes sir; and will prove Of value to the coun
try here, and suppose, will be remunerative Il
the owners. The Hon. Warner Miller. our new
United States Senator, is the owner of the pulp
process patents"
"The patents doubtless are source of profit Il
Benator Miller7
"Not here, sir Upon tho organization of tn,
company-a year or more ago-appication wa
made TO him for the privilege Of converting woot
into pulp at Salamanca. Senator Miller prompt,
gave his consent, and generously waived his rlgh
TO royalty under the patents"
"ARE FISH IN THE ALLEGHENY RIVER
found In abundant supplyH Have the commits
Biones of fisheries Of this State, or Of the Untet
Sttes, attempted to restock the river with fish 2"
an the good old days Of our fathers I'm tn
proud times of our great chieftains and warriors
Kod-je-ote, the Half Town, Ko-en-twa- -ka, tn
Corn-Planter, Ten-wan- ne-us, or Governor Black
snake, the river literally was filed with pickere
bass, perch, and other iood-flsh. In my time tn
sawdust from the numerous mills on the rive
and lis tributaries have destroyed them"
Now that the lumber-mills have disappears
you might have abundance OF fish again. BY re
stocking the river, under the Fishery Commis
Bioners' system, you would soon be able to hav
fat fresh fish for breakfast at any timo you Nigh
throw baited hook into the dark flowing water
the Allegheny"
zone experiment only has thus far been trie
under the United States Fish Commissioners. o
the Sd Of July, 1872, Rev. william Clift brought
100000 YOUNG sHAD FROM THE CONNECTICUT RIvEI
at Hadley Falls, Mass, for the Allegheny Rive
He deposited 100000 live ones In the river aboy
the dam; 100000 perlshed on the way. twenty
Ave hours having been occupied In the journe!
On the 30th Of June. 1872 Jonathan Mason dc
posted at the same point 25.000 freshly hatche
shad, brought from Coeymans, Hudson Rive
being only seventeen hours on the way"
"What has been the result of that experiment
planting young fry in tho Allegheny Riverf
"Three years later, in 1875. fcw half-grow
shad were caugh up the river at the mouth
Tuna Greek. The same year six hundred sha
were caught at and above the falls OF the Obi
The shad have again bred by themselves. and
thousand or more have been caught each year
the falls ofthe Ohio" "In ancient times you ha
chieitalns for rulers. Among those OF the All,
shenies whom do the Indians most revere"
"TEs-wAN NE-us OR GOVERNOR BLAcKsNAKE,
was honored and respected by our fathers H
memory we most revere. In his young years h
was brave warrior. When the glory Of age WI
upon him he was wise man. He was just h
Judgment was law. He loved truth; his honor wi
tnqueslionAble He was an honest man; viii
indians and white men his plighted word was
bond true as gold He was the oracle OF the sene,
Nationp
at is very proper to revere such character
you portray. What were the Governors distin,
tions among Indians, and how did he acquire Il
name you appear so proud Off"
"Governor Black Snake was young warrior
the Wyoming fight IN 177s. aud lived eighty.ol
years after that He was brave chienain at n
battle of Ncwtown (now Elmira), In l770 again
General Sulllvan's Indian town destroying arm
He was chief and negotiator Of the treaty
\. Fort Harmer on the Musklngum River, Ohio,
1850, with General Arthur 81. Clair United Stat
commissioners treaty OF peace and defining II
| boundaries OF the lands of the Six Nations l
was also a chief and party to the treaty at Kanal
daigua, N. Y, In 1904. Timothy Pickering. Unit
States commissioners treaty reaffrming Il
boundaries agreed to at Fort Harmer and fxil
the goods nnnuities. When no visited II
seat OF Government at Philadelphia, in III
Ten wan -ne-us the Broken Twig, as he was Tn,
known, upon being presented to the Great FathC
President Washington surveyed the remarkat
Seneca Chlenain, tall-six feet two-lithe, b
straight as an arrow. with his handsomely mold
features, piercing black eyes and long raven hal
N and so struck with his manly person was Was
ington that he exclaimed: "Ten- wan ne us
not the Broken Twlg.' Allow me TO give you
new name, comporting with your person and di
nifty; let II be Ten-wan- -ne-us, or, Govern
Black snaker" said the Great Father.
wAsIuNGToS's SILVER PEACE MEDAL
was then bestowed by the President upon