Barbour County index. [volume] (Medicine Lodge, Kan.) 1880-current, 1881-12-22
SCIENCE.


phur IL contains. A sample Of about
ten grammes is sapOal6ed in a glass
capsule with an alcoholic solution of
caustic alkali free from sulphides. This
mixture Is stirred with silver spoon,
and II the spoon Is blackened COLA or
some similar oil was used to sophisti-
cate the olive oil. To detect the oil of
sesame, add a little sugar TO hydroch-
loric acid of 80 degrees. B., and with
this mix an equal quantity Of the sus-
pected article; shake up the whole
well. and any trace OF sesame will be
shown by red celebration. For the
detection Of cOttOn-seed oil an equal
volume OF nitric acid is added 10 the
sample. and II the adulteratiOn Is pres
ent IL will reveal itself by imparting a
coffee color 10 the mixture when the
latter IL stirred. To detect oil of earth
nuts masquerading as the oil Of the
olive tree Is a somewhat more difficult
task. The sample is saponiGed with
an alcoholic solution of potash, the
soap separated as completely as pos
sible. heated 10 expel all of the alcohol,
and treated with as much hydrochloric
acid rs will neutralize the alkali. The
fatty acid floating on the top is then
collected and dissolved in boiling al.
cohol. from which it separates in a
while form Characteristic Of earth-nut
oil.
some electricians. says The Engineer
ing. have held that humid air acts as a
conductor OF electricity. and others,
notably the Count du MOncel and M.
Gaugain. have maintained that IL does
not Recent experiments of "a.
Marangoni support the latter theory
very decidedly. for he finds that a
Leyden jar, heated so as to prevent
condensation on its surface and thus
arrest conduction, gives rs long spark
as in the dryest air. When however,
the precautiOn of heating the walls of
the jar Is not taken, the moisture con-
denses on the latter, and, forming a
thin film Of water. causes a slight dis
charge which might be mistaken for
a slow discharge through the surround
ing moist air. 1t follows from these
experiments that the loss of electricity
on telegraph lines is due wholly to sur
face conductiOn over the wet and dry
insulators, or to leakage along entangled
threads and branches Of trees at par
ticular points, and not to a general
discharge into the saturated atmosphere.
A very simple method Of planning at
any required angle the edges of boiler
and other plates, where this is needed
20 facilitate calking. is thus described
by The Engineers Manchester corrts-
pOndent: "Instead of packing the
plates ut the required angle on the
machine, as usual. the tool itself is
made TO work at any desired angle.
This is accomplished by a swivel head
working upon two trunnions and
moved backward and forward by a
worm and worm-wheel, and which is
locked fast in any position by means
Of bolts in radius slots on radial plate
attached 10 the slide. The machine
itself consists of a long bed with a
raised part for carrying the plates, and
above this girder with clamp screws
for holding the plates in position. The
tool Is arranged 10 cut both ways. and
Is moved by a screw with reversing
action"
At n recent meeting Of the Academy
of Sciences, Paris, NJ. ID. COLLATION. gave
an account of some of the experiments
recently performed by NJ. r. Thurry
with telephones during thunder-storms.
A copper wire was Rtretched between
The roofs Of two houses and connected
with the earth by means of waiter.
pipes Two telephones, one having a
resistance Of As and the other a resis-
lance OF % Ohms, were joined TO this
wire On the occasion Of every storm.
near or remote the flashes of lightning
were accomplished with a very charac.
teristic sound In the telephones. at the
same instant that the flashes of light
ming were seen. The wire was evident
" affected by induction.
DIR. U. L. Marsh remarks that all the
Jurassic birds known, both from
Europe and America, are land birds.
while all from the cretaceous are
aquatic forms. The four Oldest known
birds. moreover. differ more widely
from each other than do any two re-
cent birds. These facts show that we
may hope for most important discov-
cries In the future, especially i'm the
triassic, which has yet furnished no
authentic trace OF birds. For the
primitive forms Of this class we must
evidently look TO the paleozoic.
II is said that since telegram wires
have been carried throughout NORWAY
wolves have disappeared. II is stated
that wolf viii not dare TO pass under
a rope OF line stretched between poles
and that the farmers of Norway were
IN the habit of taking advantage of
this to protect their property from the
attack OF wolves In the winter months
OF course, telegraph system would
De positive boon 10 the farmers n
those curious facts are true. even n
the lines were not used for communi.
cation.
Tar has been found to be preserva,
tive against phylloxera. NJ. Avignor
says that II is to be prepared and an
piled In this way: After the tar has
been thoroughly mixed with fine sand
and quantity of wood ash is added
the mixture Is placed in a hole dup
around the stem of the vine and Gov.
ered with earth. Spring is the best
time TO apply this remedy. Perhaps II
would also repel the insects that do &C
much damage to the apple and Other
fruit trees.
M, Houzeau has lately published Q
representation Of the milky way. ON a
large scale. showing the equality OF
luminous intensity by means OF curves
A great celestial circle. consisting OF
thirty-three bright masses. Is apparent
and In the center Of this our solaI
world II very nearly situated,
The forester OF the bois de BOLOGNA
a. Pinsot. says that dynamite can b
nsed with good effect IN uprOUting and
dividing the stunts uf large trees. hui