Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1881-12-07

tary OF War; which appear in his report. The actual
expenditures OF this Department for the fiscal year
ending June 80, 1851, were s42,l22,2 Dol 80. The
appropriations for the year 1852 81 725 A.
TAe estimates for 1888 are s44, 541, $50 81.
THE NAVY.
The report of the Secretary OF the Navy exhibits
the condition of that branch Of service and presents
valuable suggestions for its Improvement. l call
your especial attention also to the Advisory Board,
which convened to devise suitable measures for in
creasing the efficiency of the navy, and particularly
to report as to the character and number Of vessels
necessary to place it upon footing common.
surate with the necessities OF the Government. /
cannot too strongly urge upon you my conviction
that every consideration of national safety economy
and honor imperatively demands thorough reha
Utilization of our navy. With full appreciation Of
the facs that o compliance with the
suggestions of the head of the depart
ment and of the Advisory Board must
involve large expenditure OF the pablo money, 1
earnestly recommend such appropriation which
seems to be desirable. Nothing be more incon-
sistent with true republican economy than the
Withholding of the means necessary to accomplish
the objects intrusted by the Constitution of the
these objects, and one which is of paramount i'm
portance, is declared by our fundamental law
to be the provision for the common de.
fense" Surely nothing is essential
to the defense OF the United States, and of
all our people, than the efficiency OF our navy
We have for many years maintained with foreign
Governments the relations of honorable peace, and
that such relations may be permanent is desired by
every patriotic citizen OF the republic; but if we
read the teachings Of history we shall not forget
that in the life OF every nation emergencies may
arise whsn resort to arms only save it from
dishouor No danger abroad now threatens this
people, nor have we any cause to distrust the
frendly professions of other Governments. But for
avoiding well as for repelling dangers that may
threaten in the future, We must be prepared to
enforce any policy which we think wise to adopt.
We must be ready to defend our harbors against
aggression; 10 protect by the distribution of our
ships the highways of commerce. the varied
interests Of foreign trade and the property of
our citizens abroad to maintain everywhere the
honor Of flag and the distinguished privileges
which it may rightfully claim from the nations of
the world
THE PosroFFICE DEPARTMENT.
Inc report OF gratifying
exhibi. OF the growth and efficiency OF the postal
service The receipts from postal and other ordinary
sources during the past fiscal year were s36, $780,
sic IS. The receipts from the money department
business were 1924 5s1 80, making a total OF s36.
7s5, 1877 81. The expenditures for the fiscal year
s6l 251 735 46. The deficit supplied out of the
general treasury was s24s1, 129 49, OF IS per cent
of the amount. The receipts were SO 46l ols GO in
excess IF those of the previous year, and s4,575,
397 81 in OF the estimate made two years ago
before the present period of business prosperity hsd
fairly.beean. The whole number OF letters mailed
in this country in the last fiscal year exceeded one
thousand mi lions. The registry system is reported
to be in an excellent condition. having been remod
eled during the st four years with good results
The amounts OF registration fees collected during the
last fiscal year SIP SS2 20-an increase over the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1877 of S45 443 So The
entire number of letters and packages registered
during the year was S,3Ss 3d. OF which only 2,o61
were destroyed or lost in transit The operations
| OF the money-order system is multiplying yearly,
under the impulse OF immigration and the rapid de-
veopment of the newer States and Territories, and
the consequent demand for additional means of
INSTRUMENTATION and exchange During the
past year S3S additional money order offices have
been established, making a total of s. 400 in opera
ton at the date of this report During the year the
| domestic money orders aggregated in value $685.
075,769 50. A modification of the system is sis-
gested, reducing the fees for money orders not ex
ceedng IS, from ten cents to five cents and making
the maximum limit 500 in place of $50 Lesisla.
ton for the disposition of unclaimed money orders
in the possession of the Postofice Department is
| recommended in view of the fact that their total
| value exceeds Que million dollars. The attention
of Congress is again pointed to the subject OF estab
fishing a system of savings repositories in connec-
ton with the Postoffice Department The statistics
OF mail transportations show that during the past
year the railroad routes have been increased in
length {, 249 miles, and in cost STA 1892 while the
steamboat routes have been decreased in length
21S2 miles and in cost 1884, 54 The so called star
routes have been decreased in length 500 miles
and in cost S364,44 and nearly all OF the more ex
pensve routes have been superseded byrailroad SER
vice. The cost of the star service must there rap
idly decreased in the Western States and Territories
The Postmaster-General, however, calls attention
to the constantly increasing cost of the railway
mail service serious difficulty in the way OF MAX
ing the department selfsustaininr. Cur nostal
| intercourse with foreign countries has kept pace
with the growth of the domestic service Within
the past year several countries and colonies have
declared their adhesion to the Postal Union. It now
| includes all th,se which have organized postal
service except Bolivia, Costa Rica, New Zealand and
the British Colonies in Australia. AS has been
already stated, great reductions have recently b. en-
made in the expense OF the starroute service.
THE STAR ROUTE CASES.
The Investigation of the Department Of Justice
and the Postofiice Department have resulted in the
presentation of indictments against persons formerly
connected with that service, accusing them of Of
lenses against the United States. l have enjoined
upon the officials who are charged with the conduct
of the case on the part OF the Government and upon
the eminent counsel who before my accession to the
Presidency were calleu to their assistance the duty
OF prosecuting with the utmost vigor of the law all
persons who may be found chargeable with frauds
upon the postal service
The acting Attorney General calls attention to the
necessity OF modifying the present system of the
Courts of the United States-a necessity due - the
| large increase OF business, especially in the
Supreme Court Litigation in Federal tribunals
came greatly expanded after the close CT the late
wsr. So long as the expansion might be sttribu.a
bic te the abnormal condition in which the commu
| nifty found itself Immediately after the return of
peace, prudence required that no change be made in
the constitution OF the judicial tribunals but it has
now become apparent that an immense increase Of
| litigation has directly resulted from the wonderful
| growth and development of the country There is
| no ground for believing that the business OF the
United States Courts will ever be ess in volume
/
! greater is generally recognized by the bench and
bar. In view OF the fact that Congress has already
| given much consideration to this subject. ] make
no such suggestion, but express the hope that YOUR
deliberations may result in such legislation as will
| give early relief to our oYerburdened Cou ts.
THE DISORDER IN ARIZONA.
| The acting Attorney General also calls attention
to the disturbance of the public tranquility during
| the past year in the Territory of Arizona. band
| of armed desp, radoes, known as "cowboys prob.
ably numbering from fifty to one hundred men,
have been engaged for months in committing acts of
lawlessness and brutality, which the local authori
ties have been unable to repress The depredations
of these 90 cowboys have also been extended into
| Mexico which the marauders reach from the Ari-
iona frontier. With every disposition to meet the ex
igeneies of the case an EMBARRASSED by the lak of
| authority to deal with them effectually The pun
ishment of crimes committed within Arizona should
ordinarily OF course, be left to the Territorial au
thorties but il is worthy OF consideration, whether
acts which necessarily tcEd to embroil the United
States with neighborng Governments should not be
declared crimes against the United States. Some of
the inclrsions alluded to may perhaps be within the
scope Of the laws OF the Revised Statutes Section
! 5206 forbdding military expedition and enterprises
against friendly States but in view of the speedy
assembling of your body i have preferred to await
such legislation as in your wisdom the occasion may
seem to demand. 1t may perhaps be thought proper
| to provide that the setting foot within our
| territory of brigandage, armed marauding expedi
tons against friendly nations and their citizens
| shall be punished offense against the United
States. will add that in the event of a request
from the Territorial Government for protection by
| the United States against domestic violence this