davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
On the Use of Fertilizers, and
Some Other Subjects.

Editor Patron Is it not strange
that so large class of farmers who
have good sound brains of their
own will shirk using them and pay
big prices for the use of the brains
of other men? This remark applies
to other things besides the purchase
of fertilizers, but | will confine it to
that subject for the present. The
roads leading north. and east from
Columbus are now, and have been
for two months past, highly per
fumed with o-called fertilizers.
The buyers seem to value the article
in exact ratio to the amount of stink
evolved from cubic inch of the
stuff. It is true that heterogeneous
compounds generally in state of
decomposition omit foul smells, but
it does not necessarily follow that
every thing that is offensive to the
olfactories is worth $50 a ton for
fertilizing purposes. A perfect and
complete fertilizer may be destitute
of smell | hailed the driver of a
passing team a few days ago and
asked him what his perfumery cost.
He replied, "ffty dollars a ton"
Said l, "wait moment and | will
tell you what each part of it cost,
according to the figures on the
sacks" l figured it up and found
he had 1910 worth of fertilizer and
$I2 90 worth of swindle. Well,
that is great improvement, for in
the year TO $25,ooo,ooo worth of
so-called fertilizers were sold, and
$2o,ooo,ooo of that was a swindle
according to good authority. Ac-
cording to Prof. Atwater's analysis
the swindle in the case / have men
toned, is greater than | estimated
it at
A celebrated painter was request,
ed to communicate the secret of
mixing his colors so as to produce
such remarkable effects. He re-
piled, 81 mix them with nv brains.
sir" Bro. Gaurley, in THE Patron
a few weeks ago, made a center
shot when he wrote, 1--WE had bet
ter buy our chemicals and manipu-
late for ourselves, than to be the
prey of guano spectators. The
system Bro. @. recommends will do.
provided we mix enough brains
with the fertilizer. | know from a
slight acquaintance with Bro. G..
that he holds more than an average
share of that important article, and
that he generally uses them to good
advantage, but he certainly does not
mix enough brains with his COM
pounded fertilizer. A little more
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
FROM GEORGIA.

Editor Patron. Our Grange,
Bethsaida, 342, is enjoying a perfect
boom. We number considerably
over 100 members, and have IS or
20 petitions to come in at our next
meeting. A few years ago we built
a house s6x36 felt, two stories high,
the lower story for school, the up
per for Grange hall; il being too
small, we have had another same
size added to it which is nearly
ready for use. We intend to use the
lower story Of that for Grange
store, and the upper stories thrown
together TO make room for our work.
So you see we are not idle, luke
warm, nor dead.
AS Lecturer for Campbell and
CLAYTON counties, | went last Satur-
day to Enon Grange, which is dor
mant, met a good number of the far
mers of that community, and deilv-
cred an address upon the great ne
cessity of organization and the OBJ
iects of the Order, which was well
received. The audience made ar
engagements to reorganze the
Grange, and l secured club OF
subscribers for your most excellent
paper, which every farmer ought to
o take and read. bid you God
speed il. your noble work, helping
to instruct and elevate the farmer.
Fraternally, ). DoDD.
East Point, April IL.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
FROM TEXAS.
Cooke County!

Editor Patron. Valley View
Grange still holds her position as
the banner Grange of Cooke coun-
ty. Applications are received at al
most all of our meetings, notwith-
standing a powerful effort has been
made to stay its progress and crush
its influence. But like pure metal,
the more it is rubbed the bright
er it shines. Our actions have
been closely watched, and it is now
accepted as truth in our community
that Changers are working for the
good of the country and of man
kind. After the reorganization of
our Grange, for two years it seemed
as though our efforts to build it up
were in vain, but 1--WE builded wiser
than we knew" and we now have
the pleasure Of enjoying the fruits
of our labor.
Financial cooperation is at low
ebb, but the indications are promis-
ing foi glorious revival, as quite a
number of the members have eX-
pressed a determination to give it a
boom in fifty dollar subscriptions,
and the signs are that several hun
dred dollars will be raised to COM
mence with. Some of the merchants
of Gainesville say they will give
half dividends to Patrons. Bless
their souls, they are and ever have
been such a charitable class! But
the true Patron and intelligent far
mer will shun them as they do the
appearance of evil.
The interest in THE PATRON con
tinues to increase. How could it do
otherwise? Fraternally,
MARTIN A. STAMPER.
Valley View, April II.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23

day. Late planting has SON.,
advantages. 1t reduces tbs s kEa
of labor requisite 70 '"e anops
the crop-almost saves one y, .ulGv'..
In consequence of the "olkinl
with which late cotton al 'ap'ilr
it makes the first worf;so~' q
easily and rapidly done, ana E uol
times the plant, by not be. Sons
ed so much by miJssS,c ne's
drouths as the early nj. Iners
not shed its fruits as bsdie does
latter. But in northern ny: as ta.
the cotton belt, where tbs 'uOT' q
are short, and especially WI se''oai
soil is stiff and cold, our che ,as
is thar larger yields are mai, Midi,
cotton planted just as soon -. .''o
be to escape lare frosts. ST. "a
ton takes on a greater diSp1S;,:,'.;
fruit early in the season: be-.O "a
bulk of the crop not only ~ q:
frost but can be picked out 6.s -
cold weather sets in. a malta , 81
small i'm portance. q
Owing t. the delicate nat,
the Young cotton plant To-, d
with the unfitness Of if, sb,9, ,s'i
force its way through the so 4 2
ceSsitates shallow planting-s.-'
cially is This the case viii
planted cotton. The seed ,S S
never be covered exceedin, ~,
inches in depth. And r.. ~.
should be we'll tirmed. that ! y
seed should be pressed into n. -. =
so as to insure the absorpt,o.. !,
moisture, and afterwards eovsr;.
lightly.
A cotton planter with a wbe.,.
front would do the work. Cot,..
seed thus pressed in the soil rT
come up promptly, whereas plants5
in the ordinary manner they WON
not come up until after a rain
The soaking of seed in s,ro,.
liquid manure, and afterwards Nh
ing in plaster, or ashes, is stron.i,
recommended. $!
AS soon as cotton is planted Al
other work needed to be done en-,
as working early corn, etc, sborg
be dispatched as quickly as possibI
to open the way to an early worE
ing Of cotton.
This is very important. and III
sooner the better. II is not mere,
sary to wait until the cotton is =,
to a stand. The working sbould /
light, and a flexible harrow is :.
commended for trial to run scrO,
the rows soon after the cotton is m
1t might appear as if the cotton va
ruined at first, but it will straight,
up all right in a few DAYS.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23


We continue to receive clubs of
subscribers from all parts of Texas,
and few from Arkansas, Tennes-
see and Georgia. A few small clubs
from Oranges in this State have
reached us this week, the COM
mencement, we earnestly hope, of a
more liberal home support. We are
so well prepared to publish a first
class paper, that it is unfortunate, a
real injury to the cause, to be held
back by the apathy of our friends in
Mississippi. We hope that each one
will now do something for the paper.
1t would take but little effort on the
part of these friends to regain lost
ground and push the circulation up
several hundred. Shall we not have
a prompt and generous response
from each and all?
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
FROM MISSISSIPPI.
Lafayette County.

Editor Patron By your permits
sion | will inform your readers of
the condition Of the Order of Pa
irons III this part Of the moral vine
yard. Our County Grange con-
vened at Paris in this, Lafayette
county, April Is, and all agreed
that it was the best County Grange
meeting that they had ever at
tended. That is those delegates
from a distance are of whom l
speak, when I say all. OF course,
those modest Patrons of Paris who
made it such a success would not
admit that they had done anything,
although we could see marks of
thrift and Improvement on every
mans premises, as we reached the
neighborhood. There was young
orchard coming on, there are new
and neat fences being put around
the yards, enclosing comfortable
dwellings,, surrounded by beautiful
shrubbery and fragrant flowers. But
this was not all: we found a new
Grange Hall and School house, al
most completed, and Cooperative
store in successful operation. But
l have said enough already to let
you know that they are live and
working Changers. But | have not
mentioned the Matrons yet, and
would do them a gross injustice
were to omit them after faring SO
sumptuously at their hands. The
table literally groaned under the
many good things placed upon it;
something was there to suit every
body's taste, and [ dare say many
groaned, after getting home, for
having partaken too freely of what
was upon it. Be that as it may, we
have to acknowledge the corn on
our part. But | must not forget to
tell you that | made up a club of
six subscribers for THE PATRON,
all from Paris, whose names and
money | will send you with this.
Fraternally, w. F. HODGES,
April L. Secretary.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
Ellis County.

Editor Patron. l give you the
news from Lebanon Grange. 24S.
We have about 90 members and ap-
plications at nearly every meeting.
Our members are learning to think
and act for themselves. THE PA
IRON has good circulation in our
Grange and is very highly appreci-
ated. To its earnest, faithful work
and to cooperation we owe our sue
cess. We started cooperative
store two years ago last February,
and have succeeded beyond the ex-
pectations of the most sanguine. We
commenced with a capital of 1914;
have received $500 additional; the
capital stock April 1st was $500;
all, except the $5I4, has been the
growth of the business, the profits
becoming stock; have sold $1,000
WORTH of goods within the last year.
We are making arrangements to
build commodious business house
with Grange hall above.
When the plan of cooperation
recommended by the National
Grange is so simple and success so
easily achieved, is il not strange that
any Grange in the land should fail
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
Agriculture.

CHICAGO, April r6.-From seven
columns of Geographic reports from
the great wheat growing States o.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Missouri
Wisconsin, Michigan, MlnnesoA
Kansas and Kentucky, which rep
resent all parts of the Western VIII,
ter region, the Times of this cry
draws the following conclusloui :
While an immense amount :.
damage was done to the crop "
the severity of the past season. 'l'L'
is not the slightest danger OF a gtu
eral failure of the harvest on 1na'
account, and while the intorn'a''oI
is that the crop is in back"A.
condition, reports do not lntIn,i,' :
total failure anywhere. The ia'' = y
large harvest and high prices u
the past two or three years has Gu
couraged planting of such large
increased acreage in most locanI..'
as to offset to great extent INC -
jury suffered. In a great many e. .,
tons the heavy SHOWS OF VIII .
furnished invaluable proteC'loD
against intense COLI, and the iais .
ness of the spring has continuea ~ ri
defence through the critical perez
Of :the alternate thaws and Ho''.
of March. On the whole, 1t apPen. e.,
that unless disastrous late trosts :.
other unfavorable conditions MAJ.
rally imprir the present prosP,1 s.,
the yield is likely TO be little Ne We
than that of last year. The far'ne .
of Illinois and Indiana in some ~ rs
tons seem to have suffered NJ ~,
severely than those of the o'"
States.
Extended reports from Wes'. .b
frl section show that the pc. y.
orchards a portion of Illinois ~ ~
SO badly damaged that little 0. h ~
fruit can be expected, while IN o y, bs
parts of the State the yield WIN :
only fair In some places tne' ..ns
TIC ruin of the fruit; same Is a.
OF ! 10, and as far South as n =.
ba and in Texas peach trees "'
sutf', ed from winter severely
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
Honk,ns county.

KdStor Patron. Just small space
tor Hopkins county. The Grange
is still gaining in strength among the
farmers, and it is a solid growth be-
cause we are learning the principles
and practice of cooperation, and
that is strength to any people.
We have two cooperative stores
in this county-one at Sulphur
Springs and a branch store at Sui
Phur Bluff. We have shipped
terough our house at Sulphur
Springs to our Agent, Bro. S.
Rogers. at Galveston, nearly 400
bales of cotton this season, the sales
of which have given satisfaction.
Sulphur Springs Grange, 1896,
of which am a member, numbers
ga members; three stand elected,
and three petitions were presented
at our last meeting for utilization,
which will swell.her number TO 100
Rays of light are springing up
where there has been darkness for
some time. Bro. A. n. Edwards,
our State Lecturer. visited Kelley
Springs Grange, 493. last Saturday.
That Grange has been in darkness
for some time, but he infused new
life into its members and set them to
work, and all that is necessary now
to keep the light burning is for the
members to subscribe for THE PA
IRON. ., that every farmer and
Patron could be induced to read it.
Fraternally, H. G. DIAL.
Sulphur Springs.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
MIss1ssrpPE STATE GRANGE,
STEERS OFFICE,
FAYETTE, MISS, April IL, 1851.

FAYRTTE, MISS, April II, 1881.
Under instructions of the State
Grange I hereby appoint the follow
ing brothers Lecturers for the coun-
ties written opposite their names.
| will make other appointments as
soon as the recommendations are
sent in. It is impossible for me to
tell who can serve in this capacity,
and unless the Oranges will suggest
some one in their respective coun-
ties for appointment none will be
made:
Amite county--J. R. Galtney, T. P. Street,
II. H. Ratcliff, J. z. Webb, J. L. Wilmington,
Liberty.
Calhoun. Fl. Allen. Banner.
Chickasaw-S. L. Wilson, Houston.
Claiborne--T. j. Any, Hermanville.
Clarke-J. G. Macarthur, Meridian.
Clay-Robert Hardy, Sloan
Coahoma-Dr. j. A. Peace, Clarksdalc.
Copiah-J. F. Sexton, E. B. Coun, Crystal
Springs.
DeSoto-T. A. Dodson, Horn Lake
Franklin-J. G. King, Little Spring.
Hinds-L. F. Afford, Jackson.
Jeffei son-Joe D. s. Davenport, Fayette.
heinper=J w. mcartnur, Merlulaps
Laudcrdale-J. G.. Macarthur, Meridian.
Lawrence-J. C. McLaurin, Mount Zion.
Lincoln-S. J. Hodges, Summit.
Leake--W. A. Patton, Oklahoma.
Madison-W. r. J. Barnett, Camden.
Montgomery-B. B. Taylor, Duck Hill.
Nesboba-J. G. Macarthur, Meridian.
Newtou-Dr. J. B. Bailey, Centerville.
Noxubee-H. M. Hunter, Macon.
Oktibbeha-Isaiah Neeley, Double Springs
Panola-G. F. Scott, Water Valley.
Pike. NJ. Causey, MoComb City.
Simpson,. C, McLaurin, Mount Zion.
Union--W. A. Funk, New Albany.
Wilkinson-C: Netterville, Woodvile.
Winston-M. C. Gage, Louisville.
Yalobusha-W. L. Woods, Water Valley.
PUT. DARDEN, Master.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
HinLs on Cotton plan. ag.

AT no time within the recollec-
ton of the present generation has
there been so unfavorable season
for picking and housing the cotton
crop as the year 1850. The conse-
quence is that very few persons
have succeeded in saving surplus
of seed suitable for planting, and in
some instances none at all. This is
especially the case among our large
planters who have depended almost
entirely upon Sambo, and unless
proper precautions are taken must
result in what is known as a bad
stand
The Southern CultiUatoy, in re-
cent editorial, says: We have never
known greater disposition to heat
and spoil. Though little bulked,
we have had to move and air our
seed several times to keep them
from being ruined. Any one famil-
lar with cotton seed can tell readily
by cutting through one whether its
terminating power is destroyed.
Injured seed is always darker than
sound. Frequent sampling through
the pile should he made as the
planting progresses.
WHEN TO BEGIN PLANTING.
This is point on which expert
enced planters differ. Some favor
early, others late planting. When
such differences prevail between oh
serving and experienced men it will
generally be found that local infiu-
ences of soil or climate explain
them. Where soil and climate favor
early maturing of the crop, late
planting will be advocated. And
where frost is apt to cut off the
crop, early planting will carry the
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
The Illustrated Scientific News.

The April number of this interesting
and Popula- magazine is just out
Among the various subjects illustrated
IN this number is an engraving of the late
Emperor of Russia's steam yacht Livadia;
series OF views illustrating wood working
attachments for foot lathes; Prof. Secchi's
solar Photographic apparatus, with six dis
net views of the sun taken by this instru
IL t; engravings of the boats and appa-
Ia; used on Lake Geneva for determining
the velocity of sound in water; new ma
chine for decorating enamel surfaces, en-
cravings OF several curious animals and
objects In natural history, and an elabo-
rately illustrated article on Bee Culture.
Every number contains 81 pages, full of
engravings of novelties in science and the
uSeinl arts. Published by MUM & Co.,
81 Park Row, New York, at 81 so year,
and sold by all news dealers.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
From New Jersey.

The following question was CIV
en- to Sister Ann q. Keller at reg
ular meeting of Columbus Grange,
IS, P. of H., Burlington county,
New Jersey, held Jan II, 1888:
"What kind of man ought a
farmers daughter marry; and how
can she tell a man that will make
her a good, loving and industrious
husband in these days?" To which
she replies as follows:
Worthy Master, l think this is a
very important question, and one
that am not at all able to do justice
to; and as l have no daughters, | am
free from all anxiety in that line.
But / am led to think our young
women ought to be more particular
in choosing their company; and in
too many instances, perhaps, they
do not consider the very important
position they take when they take
a man for companion through life.
| think it is a subject that should
very seriously be thought of. 1t is
not always the young man who
drives the latest span of horses and
makes the best appearance in COM
pany who would make the most
affectionate husband In too many
instances the lover and the hus band
are very different.
Now, this should not be so. In
too many cases, | think, there is a
lack of affection; they do not have a
good understanding; and | think it
is the main cause of great deal of
unhappiness in the present day. |
never would advise girl who has
a good home TO ever marry, or even
encourage the attention of young
man who Associates himself with
loose, trifling company, for | think
such to be the ruin of a great many
of our young people in the present
day. Always look for company as
good as yourself, if not little bet
ter. The young man who takes
the Intoxicating glass ought never
take girl from good home until
he can govern his appetite. l
should think it great risk to run if
| were girl to marry such man.
It's true it has been the making of
some young men to marry steady,
interesting young woman; but the
cases are very rare, indeed. When
we fix our destiny for life let us be
very careful, and if we get deceived
we will not have ourselves to blame
when it is too late; for the men are
a little like the women-not all per-
lection by any means.
Ever keep this in mind-"bear
and forbear;;" for we have all our
trials and should remember that
there is great power in kind words.
Let US not be too hastv in speak
ing our thoughts, for l think there
is much depending on one head OF
the family as there is on the other;
so that we both should try to SYM
pathize with and encourage each
other in our pilgrimage through
life; and as we advance in yaars
may our love grow stronger toward
each other, so that our grey hairs
may be brought down in peace to
the grave
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1881-04-23
NEW ORLEANS MARKET.
OFFICE OF
The Southwestern Cooperative
Association, II. 0f H.,
New CLEANS, April I6, 1881.

NEW CLEANS, April 10, 1881.
COTTON-Market dull. Sales 1000
bales Ordinary, 1876; good ordinary
S2sc. low middling o3sc; middling, Io5sc /;
good middling, IL Sc. middling air,I2ssc.
: Receipts since Sept. I, 1902, 7oS bales;
same time last year, I,583,3I2. At all
ports, 5,2I4,723; same time last year,
4,5SS,956.
BAGGING-Dull, Dom. jute, IL lbs.
I2Ic.; lbs, II &c; arrow ties, $I.65 per
bundle.
COFFEE-Fair, I2Ac; good, 1314c.;
prime, 1916.
FLOL R-Fancy, $625; choice. 500;
family, S 5o@5 Go; treble extra, $4.75@
sag.
MESS PORK-We quote old SIS, and
new, $40.
LARD-Refined, I21ac. in tierces. On
jobbing orders dealers get higher prices.
Lard in small packages is quoted at nc
nc. advance on prices mentioned.
SUGAR-In hhds., white clarified. &C.. :;
off white, SIC; yellow clarified, 855c.;
open kettle, 67sc.
MOLASSES-In barrels, Fair, SAC;
prime, 3Sc; choice, SIC.
RICE-Prime, 614c; choice, exc.
MACKEREL-No. I, bbls. $6.75; half
1915; qrs., 500; kits, 75c.;
COAL OIL-In bbis, 2oc.; cans, 24@
25c.
CoRN-White, &C: yellow, 64c.
HAY-Prime, $26@29; choice, $50
z ton.
SALT-Coarse, 81 os; fine, $I.45.
FRUITS AND NUTS-Quotation
are foI round lots: Sicily oranges choice
are selling at S2,75 per box; cocoanuts, &C.
each; Tarragona almonds, I7c., shelled do.
33c.; Texas pecans, Io@I5c. according to
size; Leghorn citron, 22c.; choice Cicily
lemons, $3.50 per box; Italian chestnuts,
I3c. raisins, full boxes, s. 20; half, $I2S;
Or, 7oc.; Prunes, 634c.; bananas, first
choice, 81. Is; second choice, 81 y bunch.
CATTLE-Good fat, $eo@35; fair fat,
SIS@25; scalawags, $Eo@I2.
DRY GOODS-Brown cottons q, 51a
@61a; bleached, 5@7c., do. a. 90 @Sc.;
bleached, a@IOc.; Lonsdale, SH@qc.
Osnaburgs, 9R@1oc.; standard prints,
E c.; checks and stripes, 7 90 c.; ne
gro plaids and stripes, 8@9Rc.; Tickings,
7 @22c.; Drills, as c.; DENNIS, s
@I5c.; leans, 9 @45c.
SHOES-Men's brogans, $1.os61.4o;
mems boots, $2O4; women's shoes, Soc a
$I.15; children's shoes, s5c@ 81.
Fraternally, T. J. CARVER,
General Manager