davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1881-07-17

From that time to this the Nation has made
war and concluded peace, levied taxes *
ternal, INTERNAL and direct, has been repre-
Scented abroad and received ambassadors At
home only BY authority exercised at the seat
Of the National Government in Washington.
These are all acts Of the highest sovereignty
which no power can possess without being
in Its own domain supreme and exclusive Of
all other authority whatsoever. As Mr..
Smith points OUT. the Constitution was
adopted by conventionscalled III encli OF the
States. and not. by the States in q sovereign
capacity, and the preamble declares that tive
the people do ordan ard establish " the pro-
visions which follow
jeff Davis, whose traitors neck was merci-
fully spared by the National Government,
might iilld better employment than thrash
ing over this old Calhoun straw. Re will
make no converts. The cause and motive
for believing ill., "State-soyereignty having
ceased to exist, the Southern people will
cease to belieye in 1t. The North never did.
Many may say they believe in 1t. But they
do not. They show by actions which speak
louder than words that they look to the Ma
tional Government rs the source ofparamount
and sovereign power in this country. Ali
other power is delegated, whether it be pos
scssel by Il State or muni icipality, and jeff
Davis cannot by assertion or argument make
it otherwise, or induce any considerable
number Ut people to believe that it Is so.
, 1881-07-17

notified the Mayor of their Intentions and
asked for police protection, the remains of
Piis IL. would have gone to the church as
quietly as the hun>btest individual gues to
the cemetery. Behind this Incident, how
ever, and the cause which led to it, there is
another and graver reason why Italian citi-
zens are hostile to the Pope, and that is his
dctermipation to restore ecclesiastical po!ft-
ical government in Rome. That clerical
usurpation they will resist to the bitter
end. Having for eleven years enjoyed their
political liberty, they are determined that it
shallnot be taken away from them, and III this
attitude they will have the sympathy Of the
ciYillzed world. For the small disturbances
which have occurred the clericals have been
themselves mainly to blame, as they violated
theiE agreement, but above and beynnd this
particular episode, which Is only one Illus
trat1hh Of the hatred of the Italians to Papaf
political system, which to them means living
DEATH, is clear enough that, If the Pope
were content to exercise his ecclesiastical
functions and let politics alone. he not to1lly
wpuld have free ingress and egress from the
Vatican, but he could have clerical pro-
oesslon in the streets of Rome every day III
the year If he were so disguised.
, 1881-07-17

The trunk-line passenger "war," 50 called,
still continues, and the tariff rates drop from
day to day,-a result which is not distasteful
to the people, and docs not seem to be to the
railroad managers, us 1t inures to their
profit, thus far at least. The experience Of the
swar" shows that the new lower rates are
bringing more money into the Golfers of the
railroads than the old high rates. The rush
Of travel Is immense. Those who have
never rode before are beginning to ride. and
those who have now ride all the more. III
stead Of its being i war to punish roads, it is
increasing trade by filling up the cars. 1t
may be that Mr.. Vanderbilt has discovered
that 1T Is better to o-carry fifty persons from
New York to Chicago ut $40 head
than twenty at>sao, and that to get $500
out Of fuller car is more. desirable
than 500 out Of one half filed. II
, 1881-07-17

| behavior. Why, then, doesn't Jay Gould Ill
vide his surplus profits with them ?' asks the
socialist. BECAUSE. if lie did. his enterprises
| would come to stand-still. lie woltld no
| longer be able to give increased employment
and to assume al! the risks and guarantee a
division of the profits among the great com
munfty working with him as we'll as
for him. Losses i'll any one quarter
| would cripple him so that his usefulness as
| organizer and guardian of a great laboring
community would he lost Buthe '' divides -
in another way. II there be 4 surplus Of
this years profit over what he distributes
among $1,000 employees of, say, five millions
of dollnrs. he takes i'll 5000 new partners
next year fur tile purpose OF still enlarsing
the scope Of his business, and building, equip
ping, and operating new railroads, and thus
divides that surplus among the working
classes. This process goes oil rs long Us
success follows in the case OF even so selfish
and absorbing capitalist as Jay Gould, and
I'LL he secures for himself out of the process
is his food and clothes, with considerably
less Of personal comfort, co'1tentmcnt, and
happiness than the humblcst Of his worklnen
enjoys. lie works harder than any Of them.
The aggression Of capital offers no menace
to the working classes SO longa it continues
to be employed for mutual benefit. Even
when Vanderbilt purchases thirty millions
Of Government securities. he releases just
that amount Of capital for others to invest i'll
productive enterprises. Nearly all the rich
1nen in the United States are employing in
creasi11g numbers Of men III carrying OIL their
expanding works.
The capitalists are busy opening up new
coal AMI iron mines, building new factories,
furnaces. and warehouses. railroads anu cars,
getting out lumber. bricknlakng. and stone
quarrying; and they arc obliged in ull these
enterprises to employ mare anu more mei..
and, the demand being active, wages constant
ly advance. These employers, instead OF be-
ing masters unt their worklnen "slavts,n are
practically nothing but planning, directing,
buying. and selling agents Of the masses Of
men who work under their directions. The
hope Of profit is what keeps them to the ell
terpflsc day and night, watching over it and
taking care Of 1t.
II the tendency Of wealth in this country
were TO take possession of the land in yaSt
tracts, for renting purposes looking to the
oppression of the farmers by rack-rtnts and
extortions, then there would be some cause
tor alarm. But so long us capitalists contne
their investments to stocks and bonds, rail
roads, manufactures, shipping, merchandise,
banking, and the like they cannot 1lonopoize
the basis Of the country's prosperity, nor In
crease their wealth except BY employing Ia
bor to handle it III reproductive enterprises.
n
ly employed the cundi lion Of the working
classes will always be better during season
of prosperity when rich men are making ]
money than during season OF adyerslty, |
when rich men are becoming poorer.
, 1881-07-17

this be ''war," then it Is kind
of conflict that can be carried OH indeli-
nifty without doing damage to anybody.
The name "war" seems to be n1isnomer.
Wars kill, main. destroy, paralyze business
where they are waged, and reduce to poRrty,
hut this war is making money for all cor'-
cerncd In 1t, is benefiting the whole public,
and serving people better than they were
ever served before. If this be war, then do
not ]etus have peace, but let every one pray
for cheaper farcs which are increasing bust-
ness, improving commerce, developing the
means Of intercomnunicatlon. and enrching
the whole country. As every one is better
served and more contented. and as the rail-
roads themselves are coming out of the strife
with more money, why not continue the
war: AS they lose nothing BY it and every
one else gains, a brisk conduct of the "war'
would be tantalnount to 4 railroad millen-
nium
, 1881-07-17

THE last number Of the British Quarterly
Rcric,u, the nlOuthpiece Of the thoughtful
and educated Tories, contains remarkable
article on the subject OF free trade in Eli
gland, the purpose Of which, Is to show that
British manufactures are declining, and that
foreign manufacturers are successfully conf
peting i'll the English markets. The London
Morning Post, which, under Its present
management, is the organ Of the young and
aggressive Tory faction of which Lord Ran
dolph Churchill is the recognized leader,
speaks of the RcUiCtu article as deserving tho
''most serious consideration of every lilall
having tie future prospects of England at
heart" 1t points TO the United States rs
country where tie protective system has
worked admirably. The Post seems to think
that the reduction III ot1r National debt is one
Of the results Ut that SYSTEM, and goes on to
contrast the advancement "by leaps and
bounds Uf our country in Industrial pros
pcrity with the roll-adyancement of Eli
gland in that respect, and concludes By sug-
gesting that it may become imperative Oil the
part Of England tU resort to rttaliatory du-
ties ln order that the advantages which it
cessoIis on their part. The London Times
disputes the conclusions Of the Rcute,c and
the statistics Oh which it bases them.
1t asserts that the Reuie,p oyerstates
the excess Of imports over exports by S315,-
100000. and that it is a fallacy to regard the
excess Of imports over exports as sign Of
industrial or commercial decadetce. The
article in the Quarterly Fcrlc,u, taken III
connection with the recent utterances of
Lord Snndon, Mr. Stanhope, and Lord Run
dolph Churchill in the House Of Commons,
and the petition presented in that body last
week from 5000 Sheffield mechanics, indi-
Gates that the Tories are about to take adj
vantage Of the feeling excited in England by
the refusal Of France to negotiate Il CONNER
cial treaty acceptable to English llauufact-
urers 0r to continue the existing treaty. Re
cent events have rubbed the Tories Of ait
election cry. With protection or retaliatory
duties rs all issue they may be able to stay
awhile the progress Of the iconoclastic Kadi-
Gals,
, 1881-07-17

THE students at the German universities
have never been noted for penceable DISPOSE
tiots and quiet and steady habits. The rec
ord of events of some Of them during the
have improved in these respects. 4 student
at the University Of Bonn was killed in 4
duel; anOtller student was hopeiesly
wounded and is now III the hospital;
student at Berlin had Ills hose cut off in
contest with a fellow student. and the dis
latch adds: Scarcely week passes that
some act Of brutality is not pcrpetratcd in
some one of the universities It is not
likely that a German university, such as the
one recently proposed, would flourish in the
United States
, 1881-07-17
THE THOMAS CONCERTS,

| The name Of Theodore Thomas has be-
come pleasantly familiar in Chicago during
the past twelve years. 1t was about that
many years ago that lie first brought his in
! comparable orchestra here, and, thou gh mis-
first season was lot a successful one, it was
not long before musicaT people recognized
his supreme abilities as a conductor. and the
rare excellence OF his band. Except during
his residence in Cincinnati, he has been here
nearly every season since. and has given to
Chicago the best music performed in the
best manner. What is called popular mu-
sic" became more piQuant and interesting
when played by his orchestra, and those to
whom "claSsical music" had previously
been a; sort of cayiare, found that they be-
gan to understand it, and that it was not
such hObg0blin as, they thought when
they listened to it under Mr.. Thomas
Interpretation. Meanwhile, as lis success
grew, he improved his programs and gradu-
ally elevated the taste Of the people until at
last his programs, containing the higher class
Of music, drew as largely as those devoted to
popular music. In the earlier days his pop
ul4r programs were devoted exclusively to
light music though even in. these the light
music was not of a low order, but now lie
has reached that standard where he can
safely place some of the best music even in
his light programs, without giving offense to
theloyers Of overtures and waltzes. 1t has
been the despair Of classical music heretofore
that it was not well played, and this accounts
for It's sIow progress. Light music may be
performed indifferently without iniuring 1t |
materially, but the higher furms uf music
must be we'll done in order to make any ina-
preston. If not well done they are as dis
tasteful to the educated as to the uneducated.
!" The opportunity for exertins healthy i'll
huence upon the popular taste is much I
greater in entertainments like those now in
progress in the Exposition Building thah in
set concerts. AS rule, only musical people
attepd the latter. The summer concerts,
however, being given at popular prices, and |
combining social as well as musical attrac-
t1ons, draw ubon the entire community. His |
audiences are recruited from all classes Of
people, and to suitthem he has divided I'D |
each week so that a person must be yery |
tastIdious, or else destitute Of all musical /
APPRECIATION, who does not find something
IN his programs to enjoy. On Mondays, |
Wednesdays, aud Saturdays the programs
are made very popular In eharac-
tet. and particularly appeal to those |
, 1881-07-17

RAILROAD stocks continue to decline.
Some OF them fell off yesterday 3H per cent;
others dropped 8, 2, or per cent The shares
of all the trunk lines subsidized; also, tue
Western and Texas roads. That there will
be 4 short wlleat-crop i'll the West Is now be-
ginning to be understood in Wall street
The New York Evening Post sums up the
situation as follows:
The Stock Exchange markets continue, SO far
rs speculation controls them, 10 be fcyerish and
unsettled. princlpally because there are as vet
nu signs Of the terin1nutinn Of the trunk rail-
ro:Al passenger war, and because it is q critical
time with the crops in the part Of the country
gvul harvest for paying traffic. This leug
the situation. even those who belteve that prices
Will rule r1ueh higher have not the courage to
buy at present. s;any ttnlil holders arc selling.
and the only spirit shown IS on the part or the
a. BEARS" mho accordingly nuye the murkct. In
word. then. it may be said that the = bull III
tcrest is slowly liQuidatin9+ while tho short In
terest Is steadily increasing. having the courage
Uf recent Successes to buck 1t.
, 1881-07-17

A KrSD-HE4AETED clergyman of Richmond
recently married West Virginia horsedeaer
who had not provided himself with certihcute,
and. therefore. deferred payment until the next
morning, when he promised to call at tho cler-
Tymau's house with the fee. With surprising
degree Of faith considering that bis debtor was
q jockey as well as Il grouln. the minister re-
turned home. But on the following morning no
Benedict appeared, aud after few days it was
discovered that the happy couple had slipped
across tho mountains. But the pnrson was
mar of resources, and prepared to secure satis-
faction In one Way ii he cuuld not in another.
He accordingly inserted in the newspapers a
marriage notice which ended thus: t No cards,
nj cake. TO cash, no certificate" II the horse
dealer has spark Of self-respecr he will recog-
nize "alltera tton's artful a.d," and discharge
his Indebtedness by return mail.
, 1881-07-17
:. II is reported that tlabc II. tIorrjl, a

II is reported that ,1abc n. tIorril, a noted
cohnterfeitc,. who escaped from the United
States detectives at Morristown, Tenn, last
Monday, was struck dcnd by lightning
Wednesday, while hid'lg in the woods near
Knoxville. aud WIS buried Friday. Cllief-of-
Detectives Brooks is disposed 10 take this
report with considerable allowance, and
seams to think it may have been put In cir
culat:on by Morril's friends for the PURPOSE
0f misleading the revenue officers. Nfr.
Hrooks Is all the more skeptical, as some
years ago Il similar report was put i'll circu-
lailon with rcgaru 10 a connterfeiter whom
Mr.. Brooks afterwards met in the flesh in the
streets of PHILADELPHIA.
, 1881-07-17

SECRETARY WINDOW Yesterday appointed
james Law. Of Ithaca, n r, James II.
Sanders, Of Chicago, and i. +. Thayer, Of
West Newton, Mass. Commission to be
known as the Treasury Cattle Commission,
whose chief dutits it will be to investigate
all cases Of plcuro-pneumonia III lncat cattle
which Shall be reported. especially along the
Canadian frontier line and along transporta-
tlon lines to all ports OF the United States
from which such cattle are exported. 1t
will be the duty Of the Commission to
SEE TINT cattle exported are free from
the disease and to so certify. The
Commission: will meet in Washington soon
to perfect plans for carrying out the work
allotted to them. The compensation will be
SO per day OF actual service, and actual
necessary expenses.
, 1881-07-17

THE present Gar of Russia Is making
strong efforts to ingrarare himselY with the
peasantry. He Is determined to mark in every
Way that be Is hlSsIn aud not a man viii
ated by the WORKOUT ideas OF the West" Ha
orders that peasant deputations should be- in
troducrd nrst, has commanded the army to
weur boards, und bus clothed thu St. Petersburg
police IN the old costume Of Russia. known IL
Western Europe as the ''Tastar" dress. This
exactly accords with his conduct Ia issuing, on
his accession. special address to the peasausry,
US If they were the Immediate supporters OF bis
throne, and with his rumored intention Of trans
ferring his residence to the Krenlin. Tits art1-
tude should increase the popular regard for
him. but then Is popular regard of any use. when
the educated class is so OUT OF humor that 1t
svmpathixes with those sho employ bullets?
The love OF q nation is great thing. but 1t did
not save L'ucnln, though he was attacked only
BY one man, WHO had not assembled to the night
OF using dynamite, glass bombs, AMI electricity
for assassination.
, 1881-07-17
LA'ruROI. JOHNSON.

Mr.. Lathrup johnson, OF 0ntonagun, Mich,
died there Oh the I'll instant Nr. johnson
was resident OF this city many years ago,
aud kept hotel here, He was proprietor Of
the first restaurant ever opened in the city,
which was Situated TN Dearborn street, about
the place where the engtne-ilouse now
stands. When the Lake Superior copper
fever broke out here Mr. Johnson was taken
with it. and left for that region, where he
has since resided. The On;uNaesn Miner Of
the 9.h instant has tile tollown. obituary
notice:
'''rhe death of Mr. Lathrop johnson re-
dsns q os as asf m G Josp @ 9vssf Ws efh
at Cazoyenia, Cattaraglts County, York State,
Oh the 9th of July, lst22 and consequently
was 10 years old. lie was the son q: Capt
Eoenezer johnson, who attained ,uucil protu-
lnence and notoriety during the Revolutions
ary War for his bravery and fortitude. Mr..
johnson removed to st. Joseph, Mich, in
lS23', which place was then dense wilder
ness. with no. road but the Sauk or Black
cago, then mere tr:ltiing-post. HI Eept
one Of the first hotels erected in
the city, which was known as the New
York House; it was situated TN what
Is known us Lake: street. He was j
business ability, and soun entered into busi-
ness life in the then future great City of CHI
cago. lie took the contract from the Goy-
to build the Joliet Canal and to
carry mails. Owing to the burning Of the
public buildings at Washington, the papers
We're burned which brought him into litga-
ton with the Government, and, being unable
to collect his Just dues, he BECAME financially
ruined: Mr. Johnson carried the first mail
from Chicaeo to Milwaukee; this was during
the Black Hawk war, his horse luaking
nluety-sllne miles day. In 1915 he removed
tn Eagle River and opened and kept the
johnson House. Here one OF his daughters
vas born, and was the first white child born
on the shores Of Lake Superior. In ISIS ha
to Ontuuagoll.'
, 1881-07-17

J. j. DICKINSON, Jn.. son Of the late Gen.
Dickinson, who was at onc ti!ie Adjutant-
General Of Florida, Ind Il dispute with
saloonkecper nnncd Burcl, in Lecsburg,
Fla. some weeks aga. Al;lnHgl. the matter
whs regarded settled at the time, lust Tues
ttay Dickinson, Jr., turned up at Lecsburg,
and. takinC unfair advantage Of Durril,
einptied two barrels ri Il shotgun into his
body, ilt'ietiny serious though, not fatal
wounds. Dickinson wus captnrrl and lodged
III jail, from which lie was taken ut o'clock
Friday morning by' 4 party Of twenty-five
armed men, who ls!cIleli lin.
, 1881-07-17

The later dispatches from Rome show thai
there was a cause for the recent disturb.
ances that attended the removal of the re-
Peters to his final resttng-place at the
Church Of San Lorenzo. 1t now appears
that the architect Of the Vatican, who acted
as intermediary between the Cardinals, who
are the executors Of the late Pope, and the
Mayor Of Rome, promised the latter that tue
funeral cortege should consist simply of a
funeral car and two or three carriages The
body was removed on the night Of the 18th
inst, and instead Of keeping the agree
lncnt Il most extraordinary clerical dem
onstration was made, in which the
Cardinals, hundreds OF priests, friars, and
monks, the different clerical colleges, and all
the ecclesiastical establishments in Rome
participated, with elaborate and Imposing
ceremonies, whereupon the anti-Papal ele-
meut turned out In large numbers and
showed their contempt Of the procession by
hootinS and making other disturbances, aud
some lighting occurred OIL the route. The
row was so sudden that the authorities failed
to restore order until the "instllt" had been
given. The cable dispatch gives this ac-
count of the disgraceful doings of the mob:
At midnight the coffin wus carried from tho
Chapel anu SURROUNDED and followed by large
body Ut priests and monks. When the lnurtuury
procession set form the coffin wus set upon
caer afnwn BY hoases and PRIESTS and the nonks
IN the extreme, but scarcely had the procession
left the steps Of St Peters than IN uurulv mob
OF Of rougns IT the CITY swartncd around it. bus.
thing and interceptnR the priests, ,endeayoring 10
extlnyush the candles anu to orrrturlf the bier
anu Shouting "Long live Ilaly!'' "Uowu with
the pope" AWAY with the black gowns!" and
50 On. Ihc disturbance became 81 Kreut and u
lear OF a terrible riot was 50 Imminent that the
CITY authorities were compelled 10 intervene.
Inc poleo forse provtog tnt.de1ua,s, some cum
arriving heU uispcrsed the mtb. uritr tca* restoreI
the procession nuved on, and the ceremonies of
placing the body III the tomb were completed.
The present pope, like his predecessor a
self-imposed prisoner In the Vatican. has now
notified the Ambassadors and Ministers ac-
credited to the Vatican, through his Secre-
tary, that he mnst henceforth consider him
self more than ever ''prisoner,'' and that
he will not oe able to leave his confinement
to attend religious services in any OF the basil
licas of Kome!. lie has also notified the
King Of Italy that t~he ''holds him RESPONSE
BILE " for the sudden. disturbance, and de-
clares that he will notify all the European
Courts of the position he occupies. This
IS childish nonsense, and will probably
make no other impression upon European
Powers than 10 provoke smile, as it is evil
lent enough that had the Papal authorities
zept their agreement with the Mayor no
;rouble would have occurred. II they had
their procession to two or! three
carriages, as they promised. OF had they