davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
The Lower CIasses.

Who are they? The toiling millions,
the laboring man and woman, the farm
err, the mechanic, the artisan, the in
ventor. the producerP Far from it.
These are nature nobility. No matter
if they are high or low in station, rich
or poor in pelf, conspicuous or humble
in position, they are surely upper cir
cles in the order of nature, whatever
the fictitious distinctions of society.
fashionable or questionable. decree.
1t is not low, tits the highest, duty. priv
iiege and pleasure for the great man and
high-souled woman to earn what they
possess, to work their own way through
life. to be the architects of their own
fortunes. Some may rank the classes
we have alluded to as only relatively
low and IN fact the middling classes.
We insist they are absolutely the very
highest. If there be a class of human
beings on earth who may be properly
denOminated, low. it is that. class who
spend without earning, who con-
sumo without producing, who dissipate
on the earnings of their fathers or rela-
tives. without being anything in and OF
themselves.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
SCHOOL AND CHURCH.

"A Presbyterian church of ninety
three members was recently organized
among the Nez Perces Indians in the In
dian Territory.
Hartford has free evening school
for street boys which is a success. No
textbooks are used, instruction being
oral, assisted by the use of maps and
globes.
The English Society for Promoting
Christian knowledge has just published
the Gospel of st. Matthew and parts Of
the Prayer-book in Ojibway, and a
Manual of Devotion in the Beaver In
dian dialect.
There are seventeen different school
ares in the States and Territories, sew
enteen years being the longest period
and six wears the shortest. The earliest
ace at which pupils are admitted to the
public schools in any State is four years.
There are at present in South Car
DINA twelve colleges, two professional
schools, three industrial training
schools, eighty-one private academies,
fifty-nine public academies, three even
ING elementary schools, POS private ele-
mentary schools and 2,79j public
schools.
The preliminary agreement between
Russia and the Vatican provides fer the
equality of the Russian and Polish Ian
guages in religious teaching. for free
Communication between Polish Cath
olics and the Pope and for the removal
of all civil disabilities on converts to
RomaniSm.
The Austrian Government has re-
Gently made the instruction in agricul-
ture, horticulture and agricultural leg
islation obligatory in all the male nor
NAL schools. In the female normal
schools the students are obliged to fol-
low the courses in needlework and do
nestle economy.
The International Lesson Commit
tee, at its recent meeting, decided to
give the entire year 1882 to the study
of the Gospel of Mark. 1t also recon-
mended that that Gospel be committed
to memory by Sunday-school scholars.
This is the first time that the Old Tes-
lament has had no place in the plan of
study for year. After 1882 the plan
of six months in each Testament will be
resumed
M. Jules Ferry, Minister of Public
Instruction of France. has issued a cir
cular, dated September I'd. 1880, by
which all the lyceums and commercial
colleges are directed to introduce, at
the beginning of the next school year.
the course of study prepared by the new
Council of Public Instruction. In the
new course more time is allowed for
modern languages and natural sciences,
while the number of Greek and Latin
lessons is somewhat redueeds
The Harvard Annex" as the Pri-
vate Collegiate Instruction of Women
at Cambridge is called, has made its
first annual report. The institution is
not officially connected with the college,
There have been twenty-seven students,
two of whom have withdrawn, four have
taken the regular college examination
for the freshman class, and the rest have
only pursued special studies.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
Concentrated Purpose.

: The old saying concerning a Jack OF
all trades remains in full force. One
talent, well cultivated, is worth hum
bred shallow faculties. The first law of
success at this day, when so many mat
tiers are clamoring for attention. is con-
centration; to bend all the energies to
one point, looking neither to the right
nor left 1t has been justly said that a
great deal of the wisdom of a man in
this century Is shown in leaving things
unknown; and a great deal OF their
practical sense in leaving things I'M
done. The day of universal scholars is
past. Life is short and art is long"
The range of human knowledge has in
creased so enormously that no brain can
grapple with it and the man who would
know one thing well must be content to
be ignorant of a thousand things, how
ever attractive or inviting. As with
knowledge, so with work. The man
who would get along must single out
his speciality and into that must pour
the whole stream of his activity-all the
energies Of his hand, eye, tongue. heart
and brain. Broad culture, many-sided-
ness are beautiful things to cOntem-
plate; but it is the narrow-edge men,
the men of single and intense purpose,
who steel their souls against all things
else, who accomplish the hard things of
the world, and who are everywhere in
demand when hard work is to be done.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
Gypsy SuperstitiOns.

For class of persons that are pOpu-
larly supposed to live by working on the
superstitions and credulities of their fell
lows, the Gypsies are themselves singu-
larlv superstitious. Some Gypsies set
their boots crosswise before they go to
bed, fancying thereby to keep away the
cramp; a female Gypsy carried the
skeleton of mole's foot, which she
called - fairy foot" because she be-
lieyed it good against rheumatism; and
it is a standing truth amongst them that
babies in teething should wear neck
lace made of myrtle stems, which for
boy, must be cut by a woman; by a man
for a girl An adder's slough. or bit
of mOuntain-ash, is certain to bring good
luck; and with the same object, some of
the children wear round their necks
black bags containing fragments of a
bat. In order to hurt an enemy you
have only to stick pins into red rag
and burn the same; others for the same
resort to the cruel practice of sticking
pins into a toad till it looks like hedge
hog, and then bury it with certain OBJ
servances. The sight of q waterway
tail, if it does not fly when couiured in
a certain rhyme to do so, is a sign that
strange Gypsies are to be met on the
road. Oft old woman, a "ghost-seer,"
we are told thatshe carried in her pock-
ct little china dog dressed like doll.
=. mind" says the Gypsy who tells the
story. - she lost it once, and she was in
an awful state till it was found; and she
used to fancy it would talk to her when
she was in all alone smoking her pipe
in the wagon. You should have seen
pack she had of very old fortune-telling
cards, which was painted in different
colors She used to select the different
ones for each day, sometimes she would
have those with the devil and serpents
on 'em. then other days she would carry
those with birds and palaces
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
A Neat Piece Of Detective Work.

The San Francisco Chronicle publishes
an interview with Captain Lees, the
Chief of the San Francisco Detectives,
in which the following clever piece Of
work is detailed. A burglary had been
committed, and a young man named
Cant had been arrested on suspicion,
and at the place where he was arrested
was found a chisel. The edge of this
instrument was jagged and full of small
hicks, and fitted the marks on the door
which had been forced. Cant being
taxed with the burglary, denied any
connection with it, and disclaimed any
knowledge of the chisel. Nevertheless
several circumstances in the case point
ed directly to Giants participation, but
the chain of evidence was incomplete.
A Turkish rug which lay at the
threshold of the door which had
been operated upon was afterwards sub
iected TO a close and careful eXamina-
ton with powerful magnifying glass,
and number of small irregular shaped
pieces of steel were found. Several I'M
successful attempts were then made by
Captain Lees to fit them in the chiSe1s
edge and as last resort he had the
tool magnetized and after several efforts
the pieces were made to fit in their
places. so nicely that the lines of break
age could not be discerned. This was
the missing link in the chain of circum-
stances against Cant and he was placed
upon his trial, found guilty and SEN
fenced to the State Prison for the third
time. Before the expiration of his SEN
tence he died.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
Oil From Grape Seeds.

NJ. T. Fleury, of Bordeaux, France,
has explained the method by which
very valuable oil is obtained from the
kernels of the grape. The refuse left
after distilling brandy or making verdi
gri is dried and ground fine in an Ordi-
nary mill, the yield of oil being in direct
proportion to the fineness of grinding.
Some manufacturers first press without
heat, obtaining about five per cent. of
oil; afterward the stuff is heated and
pressed, with yield of ten or fifteen per
cent. more oil. The oil is of a light yellow
color. and in course of time obtains q
density OF .9202 at fifty degrees Fahren-
heit, and solidifies at about three de-
grees Fahrenheit Although it does not
CONCEAL as soon as other oils, it becomes
rancid and viscid when exposed to air,
and, although it sapOnifies readily, the
soap produced lacks hardness and den
sity. Black grapes contain much more
oil than white grapes, and the kernels of
grapes from vines in full vigor yield
more oil than those from very young or
very old vines. Generally black grapes
give fifteen to eighteen per cent. of oil;
white grapes ten TO fourteen per cent.
1t is probable that American vines. es-
pec;aily those of California, Weld more
oil than French vines. In the south of
France twenty-five pounds OF kernels
are allowed for twenty-five gallons of
wine. II Is easy to estimate the guam
titY.Of oil that is annually lost in grape
producing countries The extraction of
oil from grape kernels is by no means
new. M FleGry saws that in 1900 there
was a grape-oil factory az Oiby, which
had been long in Operation. Bergamo.
Italy, produced the oil in 1770, and
Rome and the vicinity OF Ancona be-
fore 1882. Il was also made in Naples
on a commercial scale in 1918, and in
Germany before 1857. The oil is sweet
er than nut-oil an remains at a lower
TEMPERATURE Wher burned in lampsit
gives a bright sfnokeTess and odorless
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
The Prayer Cure.

The work of healing the sick by
PRAYER goes on apace at the Faith Home
in Springfield, Mass. There have been
eighteen patients at the home during
the summer and all have gone away, it
is claimed, either cured or greatly bene-
flied. Among the most remarkable
patients of the summer was Mrs. &. K.
Russell, of Montague, who was cured
of several Affections, especially of palsy,
though siree her return home she has
caught cold and her head has begun
shaking again Mrs. Clara McGraw, of
Boston, was cured of a nervous disease
and after her departure was attacked
with dyspepsia. She wrote to the
Home asking for prayer, which was
faithfully offered and soon after she
wrote that she was entirely cured, with
out the use of medicine. One patient
left the house before the Sisters of
Faith thought her cured, and soon after
began taking medicine and is now dead.
The bed-ridden Miss Lizzie o. Smith,
of Wil!imantic, Conn, who has been
unable to lift her head from the pillow
for many years, stayed with Sisters
Orpha and Rosa long enough to be
greatly improved, being able, when
she left to sit up in bed every other day.
The Sisters think that she might have
been made well had she used more
faith, but she would only exercise faith
up to the point of improvement and
seemed unable to expect the Lord to
work a perfect cure. No charge what
ever is made for guests, the Sisters
trusting for protection from imposture
to the spirit of the Lord, which always
tells them whom to take. They use no
medicines whatever and regard all their
cures as miracles, wrought by the same
power as was given the apostles.
Prayer and amounting with oil are their
only methods.-Springfetd Republican.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
A WOman's Defense OF a Fort.

In his "Sketches of the History of
Man." Lord Kames relates an extraor-
binary instance OF presence of mind
united with courage. Some Iroquois
in the year 1890 attacked the Fort de
Vercheres, in Canada, which belonged
to the French, and had approached ST.
lently, hoping to scale the palisade,
when some musket-shots forced them to
retire. On their advancing a second
time they were again repulsed. in won
der and amazement that they could per-
ceive no person, excepting a woman
who was seen everywhere. This was
Madame de Vercheres, who conducted
herself with as much resolution and
courage as if supported by numerous
garrison. The idea of storming a place
wholly undefended except by women.
occasioned the Iroquois to attack the
fortress repeatedly; bat, after two days
siege, they found it necessary to retire,
lest they should be intercepted in their
retreat. Two years afterwardNa party
of the same nation so unexpectedly
made their appearance before the same
fort that a girl of fourteen, the daugh-
ter of the proprietor, had but just time
to shut the gate. With this young wom-
an there was no person whatever except
one soldier. But not at all inundated
by her situation, she showed herself
sometimes in one place, sometimes in
another, frequently changing her dress,
in order to give some appearance of a
garrison and always fired OPPORTUNITY.
In short, the hearted Iroquois once
more departed without success. Thus
the presence of mind of this young girl
was the means of saving the fort.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

DIR. WILSON, the gentleman sent to
Washington on behalf Of the Oklahoma col
onists, has been granted an interview with
the President, but failedto secure the with
drawal of the Executive proclamation de-
claring the invasion Of the Indian Territory
Illegal and ordering the arrest Of the intrud-
ers. The only hope Of the colOnists now lies
in Congressional action.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

SUPERINTENDENT WALKER has nearly
ready for publication complete statement
Of the census. Hon. William NJ. Springer
will introduce in the House an apportion-
ment bill based on the present number of
members, with a provision TO secure minor
ity representation
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
THE extentof the various railway lines

THE extentGf the various railway lines
now under controller the Jay Gould combine
ton is given as follows: The Wabash sys-s
TEN, both east and west OF the Mississippi
River and branches. 2,4S7 miles; Missouri
Pacific and Branches, 7l2; Central Branch
Union Pacific, 1853; Missouri, Kansas and
Texas and branches, s25; Kansas Pacific and
branches, Lon; Union Pacific and branches,
BIB; Denver and South Park, POI; Iron
Mountain and branches, 6S4; international
and Great Northern, ga; Texas and Pacific,
so far built, 5S7; total, 9,649 miles. In adj
dition TO this there, are $50 miles Of road in
eourse Of construction in Indiana, Illinois,
and Iowa, which will enter into the Wabash
system when completed, and nearly, if not
quite, 1900 miles under contract or projected
in Texas and Mexico. -ts..ttf f...tr
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

A PROVIDENCE Or. L. dispatch says
the Sprague divorce case, which is expect
ed to come to Trial in few weeks, is caus-
ing a great deal Of excitement there where
all the parties are well known. Gov.
Sprague's friends say he will make vigor-
GUS defense to the suit, and there seems lit
tie doubt that he will prefer counter
charges against his wife Of similar charac-
ter to those alleged against him in her COM
plant, which, as is well known, are Of a
most scandalous nature.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

THE Dutch Beers of Transvaal,
South Africa, have raised the standard CT
revolt against the British and are now in
open instruction. They have chosen
President and set about reconstructing their
little republic, which was annexed" by the
British in 1871. Among the overt acts re-
ported is a recent attack upon a detachment
of go men of the Ninety-fouTth British
Regiment, nearly 100 of whom were killed
or wounded and the remainder taken pris
Oners. It is reported that the Home Gov
eminent will at once dispatch several regi-
ments to the Transvaal.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

THE following proclamation is dated
Caldwell, Kans., Dec. %: "To the Mem
bers of the Payne Oklahoma Colony: For
the time being we have been stopped on our
way to public lands. The army would have
nc right to remove as This is. to notify all
memb rs of the colony to hold themselves in
readiness to moyeSatS GAm9nent's notice to
such points in the Territory as may be fixed
upon, where we can copeentrate at sleastSfy
thousand people. You will go in secretly,
and no one viii be informed eXceptmembers.
These lands are ours, and we want them be-
fore planting tims Take possession Of theInl
DAVID L. PAYNE, President. -
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

THE PresidentRin not ill the vacancy
in the Cabinet caused BY the resignation Of
Secretary Thompson, but will continue Sec
Rotary Ramsay in his double position until
the fourth Of March.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

THE trial of the Land League cases
began in the Court Of Qneen's Bench, Dub;
lin, on the 2Sth, before Justices Fitzgerald
and Barry, Chief-Justice May decliningto
take any part in the trials. The so-called
traversers, or defendants, were all present,
and were Justify eheered upon their arrival.
After some difficulty iury'was impaneled,
but no further progress was made on the
first day.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06
CURRENTIOPICS..
THE NEWS IN BRIEF.

GEN. RANDOLPH B. MARCY, In
spector- General, and Col John G. Barnard,
of the Corps of Engineers, have been plaeeu
upon the retired fist by the President.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

DIR. Arthur Stranding, a young En-
glish physician at Pernambuco. caused
himself TO be bitten by rattlesnake in
order to discover or test an antldote.
Fortunately his experiment was success
Jul
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

"A few years ago Japanese pub
Usher brought out life of WaShingtC n
in forty-6ve volumes, with illustrations
in which the Father of his Country is
represented in modern dress, wearing a
heavy moustache, carrying cane and
accompanied by skye terrier.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

The proceedings at the Brighton
County Court. in England, were recently
diversified by an unusual incident, name
", the cooking of some potatoes in court
by direction. of the Judge. A whole
sale potato merchant was sued for the
recovery of money which had been paid
for potatoes which were alleged to be
of a different kind from those ordered
The Judge. after examining some of
both samples as well as of the potatoes
supplied, felt that in order to enable
him to give correct judgment in the
matter it would be necessary to cook
specimens of each. This was accord
inglv done, while other cases were be-
ing heard. The cooked potatoes were
then produced in court and eaten, the
result being that the Judge was salts
fed as to the quality of the condemned
potatoes, but not so satisfied as to the
skill of the plaintiff in the art of cook
ing. The verdict was accordingly given
for the defendant.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

THE notorious gang of outlaws, COM
posed Of about twenty-five men, who, under
the leadership of "Bnly the Kid" have for
the past six months Oyerrun Eastern New
Mexico, numbering and committing other
deeds Of outlawry, was broken up on Christ
mas day by the killing Of two and the cap
turing of -four others, including the leader.
The prisoners were lodged in Las Vegas Jail,
and subsequently taken TO Santa Fe for
greater security.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

=" What is the CHIEF end of man?"
asked The Sunday school teacher. . Ex-
tend YEARLY replied a gray-haired
man in the Bible class He was bank
cashier.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

A sea-leopard was killed in Great
Bay, New Hampshire, recently, BY
two men. One of them saw it on
a piece of floating ice, nearly mile dis
tant. He took small sculling boat and
gave chase, emptying the eontentssOf a
dOuble-barrel shot gun into its body
near the neck. With open jaws itInade
for the boat. tearing pieces from it with
its teeth, trying TO oyerturn it. Then
gun was empty and they had no chance
to retalate The water was crimson
with gore Shute and his comDanion.
with an oar and club, managed to Keep
it clear of the boat for about twenty
minutes. when it died through loss of
blood and was lowed ashore.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

"A Kentucky hamlet is spoken OF as
the horse-swappingest village in the
state.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

The first complete TRANSACTION Of the
Bible in EDglish was printed in 1882.
A perfect copy of it was sold in 1855
for 81, $50.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

The favorite day for marriage in
Paris is Saturday.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1881-01-06

RECENT Irish news:a The Home-rule
members Of Parliament assembled in Dub
lin on the 9th, at Parnell's invitation, to
settle the programme Of the coming season.
1t is intimated that Parnell and other in
dicted members vyfll announce their inten-
ton TO defy the Court and appear at West
minister. The magistrates, in reply to For,
ster's circular. state1hat they are unable to
carry out the law, owing to terrorism.
The Monaghan anti-Leagne Association has
issued a manifesto calling on loyal men to
combine Tor mutual defense. and TO combat
the hateful teachings Of the Land League.
There was a riot on Christmas day in Dub
lin between soldiers and civilians The po-
lice separated the combatants. At Cork,
on the poliee., ordering disorderly
crowd to dispesxe, yelleF twas tired
at them from revOlvers. One police
man was shot, but not MORALLY Wounded.
A number of Lana League meetings have
been prohibited sfd police piseed on the
ground to enforce the prohibition A mob
OF 200 persons attempted to wreck the resi-
dence of Mr.. Downing, a Justice Of the Peace
at Bannic Milan, County Mayo, after be had
served writs OF njeetmsncOn some tenants.
The police kept the people back at the point
of tie hayonet. Downing escaped on car
TO Ballina, where he TOOK the trsin FOR Duo
lin. The poliee nOEaoecupy his residence.