davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30

A Suffolk VA paper says that
a few weeks ago large saw-log
was placed on the carriage of a
saw-mill in the town, and the saw
started, when all of a sudden
there was a crash, a striking of
fire and a demolished saw. An
examination showed that a shell
fired during the war had been i'm
bedded in the tree, the bark had
grown over the wound, and no
outward sign remained.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
The Birds Wing.

Did you ever look at a birds
aing carefully and try to find out
from it the way in which it is
Used? People usually suppose,
either that bird flies because ii
is lighter than air, like balloon,
or that it rows itself along as a
boat is rowed through the water.
Neither Of these suppositions are
true. A bird is not lighter than
ahe air, and does not float, for
when bird is shot on the wing it
falls to the ground as quickly as a
squirrel. On the contrary a bird
dies by its own weight, and could
not fly at all If it were not heavier
tnan the air.
Look at quill feather and you
will see on each side of the central
shaft or quill there Is broad, thin
portion, which Is called the vane,
The vane on one side of the shaft
IS quite broad and flexible, while
that on the other side is narrow
and stiff, and by looking at wing
With the feathers in their places,
= OA Will Auu tuat LA0y dL0 gu
placed that they overlap little
like the stats on window blind.
Each broad vane runs under the
narrow vane of the feather beside
1t, SO that, when the wing is NOV
ed downward, each feather is
pressed up against the stiff, narrow
vane of the one beside it, like a
blind with the stats closed. After
1he down-stroke is finished and
the up-stroke begins, the pressure
is taken off from the lower surface
Of the wing and begins to get on
the upper surface and then to
press the feathers downward in
stead of upward. The broad vanes
new have nothing to support them
and they bend down and allow
the air TO pass through the wing,
which is now like a blind with
the elats open. By these two con-
triwaness-the shape of the wing
and the shape and arrangement of
the feathers-!he wing resists the
air on the down-stroke and raises
the bird little at each flap, but at
each up-stroke allows the cir to
slide off at the sides and to pass
through between the feathers, so
nothing is lost.-S. Nicholas.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI.

Academic Department, with FIVE differ
ent courses leading to degrees, and a
Normal Course leading to a diploma.
School of Design with Art instruction
leading to graduation and diploma.
Astronomical Observatory, all the means
and appliances leading to a degree. Ac-
ademic year in all departments begins
Sept. 20, 1881. Nonresident students
can obtain board on reasonable terms.
For Catalogue address, THOMAS WICK
Frs, Rector, Cincinnati, Ohio, ( jy33-lm
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
Useful knowledge.

r. man walks three miles an
hour.
A horse trots seven.
Steamboats, run eighteen.
Sailing vessels make ten.
Slow rivers flow four.
Rapid rivers flow seven.
Storms move thirty-siX.
Hurricanes thirty.
A rifle ball 1000 miles minu c.
Sound | ,143.
Light 100000.
Electricity 100000.
A barrel of flonr weighs 1876
pounds.
A barrel of pork 200.
A barrel of powder twenty five.
A firkin of butter fifty-six.
A tub of butter eighty-four.
Wheat, beans and clover seed f,
60 pounds TO the bushel.
Corn, rye and fax seed, Sc.
Buckwheat 62.
A barrel of rice 600.
Barley 48.
Oats, 80.
Coarse salt 80.
Sixty drops make teaspoonful.
Three teaspoonsfuls, table,
spoonful-one-third of an ounce.
Four thousand eight hundred
and forty square yards make an
acre.
A square mile $40 acres.
To measure an acre: Two hum
dred and nine feet on each side,
making square acre within an
inch.
There are 1850 languages.
One person dies at each pulsa-
ton of the heart.
Average of life, thirty-one years.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30

Letters from west Africa con-
corning SANKEY'S Congo expedi-
ton show that he is pushing his
way toward the interior under
many difficulties, cutting a road
over mountains that are very
steep, at an angle of 60 degrees,
and making very slow progress.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30

In the Philadelphia Times ofre-
cent date, we notice an item refer
ring TO the miraculously quick
cure of prominent druggists of
that city, Mr.. J. NJ. higgins, Ger
mantown Road and Morris street,
who had an awful attack Of rheu-
matism ia the knee. lie applied
st. Jacobs Oil, at night and next
morning was we'll and in his store
as usual.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30

Elizabeth NJ. Finley, James ". Finley,
Ella Mcknight Reinhart, Jane r Long
and James p. Erskne.
The object of this suit is to distribute
$l,755.72, after the payment of costs and
expenses, among the heirs at law of Ann
Mcknight, deceased, and it appearing on
affidavit filed in this suit, that the said
defendants Elizabeth N. Finley, James
w. Finley, Ella Mcknight Reinhart, J. G
Reinhart, Jane r. Long and James P.
Erskine are non.residents of this State,
they are hereby required to appear at the
the said Clerks Office, on the lst day of
August, 1881, (the same being the next
Rule day, and do what is necessary to
protect their interests in this matter.
s. II. MARTIN, Clerk.
FAULKNER & INGLEs Atty for Plfr.
ly9.4t
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30

At Connemara, in the west Of
Ireland, the old women of the vi
entity are given the privilege of
gathering the wool scratched off
the sheeps' backs on the stones,
hedges, and bushes; this wool they
spin and knit into stcckins, sell
ing them at 121 cents pair. AS
many as two hundred pairs are
knitted by person ia season.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS
COLLEGE.
POUGHKEEPSIE. N. Y.

FUUUHhhhPSIE, n. 7.
For the Liberal Education of Women
Examinations for entrance, Sept. l4th
Catalogues sent on application to
jy30-2m W. l.. DEAN, Registrar.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
BETHEL
Classical and Military Academy

Near Warrenton, Faquier Co., Va.
Prepares for College, University or Bust
ness. Recommended for Location, Health
Morality, Scholarship and Discipline.
Board, Tuition, and Medical Attendance,
{ Half-sesslon) $4,000.
Address for Catalogue, MAJ A. G.
SMITH, SPIT. Bethel Academy P. O., Fa-
qnisr Co., Va. (jy3O-lm.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY,

Nine departments of study: text books
furnished at cost; calender arranged to
suit teachers; expenses for one year from
Sis to 5000; non-sectarian, liberal tho
rough. Fall term begins SEPTEMBER
18th, 1881 Attendance last year from %
counties of West Virgi MIA and from eight
states and territories; lumber of students
larger than for ten years previous
For Catalogues and other information,
apply to the Acting-President, D. B.
PURINT0N, Morgantown, West Va.
junlS en-
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
Bellevue High School

BEDFORD COUNTY, VIRGINIA.
On Norfolk and Western Railroad, Is
miles west of Lynchburg. Young men
and boys prepared for university or for
business. Beautiful and healthy location.
Able corps Of teachers; thorough instruc-
ton. Liberal provision for the acconmo-
dation and comfort OF students. Fer cat
alogues containing information, address
W. r. ABBOT. Principal, Bellevue P. o.,
Virginia.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
WEST VIRGINIA.

At Rules held in the Clerks Office of
Circuit Court of Berkeley county, on the
9Th day of May, 1881:
NJ. c. Nadenbousch, admir-, de bonis non,
with the will annexed, of Am Nc
Knight, decd,
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30

MT. AUBURN INSTITUTE for Young
NJ Ladies. 47th Session opens Sept.
81. H. THANE MILLER, Pres, J. MOSS
SMITH, A. NJ, Prin, Cincinnati, Ohio.
jy3O-lm)
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
BOARDING..

DERSONS visiting Washington can
get frst-class board at reasonable
rates, at Mas. CHAMBERS, 603 f street,
N. w. { jy234t.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
OFFICE BOARD OF EDUCATION,
INDEPENDENT DISTRICT,
MARTINSRURG w Va

Report of Finance Committee of the
Board of Education on settlement with
Sheriff Nadenbousch, July 20, 1881:
AM in Sherif's hands from
last settlement. ................S 1918 OF
Amt levy real and nal,
l88o.."......... .............. 6,864 0S
Amt levy school fund, State 2,0O7 76
levy B. & 0. railroad. 900 90
NJ. & p. Railroad. 40 al
from non re9idents.... % IS
$l3,523 OF
CIR.
Amt vouchers pd for oduca-
tional fund ................ S 5,776 80
Amt vouchers pd for building
fund ......,............~....... 2,77l "a
Amt pd on note for grammar
school ........................ 1000 90
Amt delinquent tax list. ..... 81 81
4" commissions. ...... 252 70
5 9,85S II
Due Board of Education. S 1884 S5
II. N. DBATRIOK,
j. s. TRAMMELL,
Committee.
Teste: p ]. FoRNMAN. Sec'y.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
Rubbing the Midnight Oil.

Troy, IN. ~ Morning Telegram
and Wing.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1881-07-30
DIED..

BD- Haf ratesfoe cents per lins-for Obituary No
ices beyond the usual announcement
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
WISE WORDS.

A man often stubs his toe on the
threshold of success.
A handsome woman pleases the eye,
but good woman charms the heart.
Discretion is the golden cord on
which wisdom strings her richest jewels.
Men often Judge the person, but not
the cause, which is not justice, but
malice.
Nature never moves by jumps, but
always in steady and supported adj
vances.
It is easy enough to forgive your
enemies, if you have not the means to
harm them.
As we must render an account of
every idle word, so must we likewise
of our idle silence.
Ii you wish to appear agreeable in
society, you must consent to be taught
many things which you know already.
Laziness grows on people. It begins
in cobwebs and ends in iron chains.
The more business man has to do the
more he is able to accomplish, for he
learns to economic his time.
Good counsel is the dew that friend
ship distills and drops among her vota
ries in short, It's the currency of affec-
ton; yet, while we give heed to the
voice of friendship, our own good judg-
ment should get the final hearing.
Eternal vigilance is said to be the
price of liberty, and to-day great sue
cess in commercial as in every other
sphere of life can be bought only
with the same coin. Put plenty of it
in your cargo, if you would make your
voyage success.
Difficulty is the nurse of greatness, a
harsh nurse, who roughly rocks her
foster children into strength and ath-
letic proportions. The mind, graphing
with great aims and wrestling with
mighty impediments, grows by a GER
tain necessity to their stature.
The men who succeed without tht
aid of education are the exceptions
Common men need al the help thas
education can give, to put themselvee
on level; and even of the exceptional
men it may be said that they would
have succeeded still better with the
advantages OF education.
1t is not what We earn, but what we
save, that makes us rich. 1t is not
what we eat, but what we digest, that
makes US strong. It is not what We
read, but what We remember, that max es
us wise. 1t is not what we intend, but
what We do, that makes us useful. 1t
is not few faint wishes, but lifelong
struggle, that makes us valiant.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
From Washington.

A WASHINGTON dispatch says: sit is gener-
ally thought by those who have examined the
statutes that Guiteau cannot be convicted OF
murder under the District laws, and Colonel
Corkhill is now said to entertain that opinion. .
On the day following the arrival of her hus-
bands remains in Washington Mrs. Garfield
visited the White House for the last time. She
visited the building to look after some of her
personal effects.
The bullet which was cut from President
Garfield's body at the autopsy was given into
the hands of DR.. Bliss, who Immediately
handed it over to the custody of Private Sec
rotary Brown. Mr.. Brown carefully wrapped
the ball and sealed the package, and will pre-
serve it till such time as it may be needed in
evidence at the trial of Guiteau. The fractured
vertebra is now in the hands of scientific
gentleman, who is cleansing and preparing it,
after which it will be placed on exhibition in
the National Medical museum in Washington.
KING KALAKAUA, of the Sandwich Islands
turned up the other day in Washington
PRESIDENT ARTHUR will not occupy the
White House until the building has been thor
oughly cleansed and put in complete repair
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
NEWS EPITOME.
Eaet and Middle.

The present State officers we're renominated
by the Massachusetts, Republican convention al
Worcester
The assassin Guiteau was hanged in effiey
the other day in New York and BROOKLYN.
GREAT damage has been done to houses
crops and other property by forest fires in West.
ern New York.
TIE fund started in New York for Mrs. Gar
held and family has reached s287, 900.
KING KALAKAUA arrived in New York the
other day.
A TERRIFIC hurricane, preceded by an earth
quake, did an immense amount of damage in
about two minutes at Elmira, n Y.
SwARTHMoBE COLLEGE, at Swarthmore, Pa.
has been totally destroyed by fire. The college
was owned by 1000 stockholders, all Friends
and the total loss is about $500, 000
GEORGE W. HUNT paying teller in the
Traders National bank of New York, after
twenty-five years faithful service, has been dis.
covered robbing the institution of sums aggre.
eating $4,000.
The wife of Jacent Cox, resident of Flor.
ence, N. j., was bitten by spitz dog about
seven weeks ago, and the other day, after much
suffering, she died of hydrophobia.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
Stammering.

This is one of the greatest of minor
misfortunes. 1t prevents one from Sc
curing, however able, some of the more
prominent positions in life; binders sue
cess in many lines OF business, and sore
ly mars social enjoyments.
The trouble is of purely nervous
character, and is often the result of
some fright when young. The nervous
center which controls articulation be-
comes affected.
A nervous center is Particular mass
of gray brain-matter, and is q sort of
telegraph machine, nerve being only
kind of telegraph wire, which com
municates the nervous force.
The affection is of such nature that
the nerves work normally, provided the
person is very calm; or, if excited, in
such way as t., direct his mind from
his ailment. Hence, he experiences no
difficulty when alone, nor in the ex-
element of public address.
The eminent DIR. W. B. Hammond, of
England, is stammerer, utterly unable
in the presence of others to repeat
"Peter Piper" etc., but able to go
through the whole without flaw when
alone. His most effectual aid is to
make some slight muscular action when
uttering the difficult words. He says,
with each troublesome word, especial
ly with the beginning of sentence,
made some slight motion with the band
or foot, or even with single finger,
and found that this plan enabled me
to get the word ont without stammering
With the enunciation of Peter for
instance, / would tap the side Of my
body with the hand, just as I opened
my lips, and the word articulated
without the least halting.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
GoIGnafanSe.

To criminal neglect of preventive medica-
ton may be ascribed a majority of the ailments
which affect humanity. 1t is awell-ascertained
fact, resting on the experience of over twenty
five years, That q course of Hostetter's Stomach
Bitters will put even naturally feeble system
in such state of defense that it will be com
petent to resist the most prevalent causes Of
disease, such as the malign influence Of
mias1la, unwholesome water, excessive heat,
damp, cold, sudden changes of temperature
etc. Yet there are thousands of persons living
in perpetual peril from one or more Of these
causes, who recklossly omit to avail them
selves of the absolute protec ion which this
famous vegetable antidote affords. Intermit-
tent and bilious remittent frvers, rheumatism,
general debility, nervous weakness and irregu-
larities of the stomach, bowels and liver, would
be comparatively unknown, if this pa atable
specific were in universal use in the districts
where they principally prevail.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

He was grave and reverend college
professor, and he was enjoying. the air
on one of the wharyes. "Do you catch
many mackerel this year?' he asked of
hardy fisherman. "Well," the son of
Neptune replied, "we seine some"
" Pardon, young man," exclaimed the
man of letters, "you mean we saw
some" "Not by a hornful," replied
the fisherman. "Who ever heard of
saving fish? We split 'em, sir, we
split EN-, bnt we never saw EN-" The
man from the college seemed mystifed.
He turned away and sighed at the ig-
norance of the times
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
Foreign news,

In Russia the Jews are organizing for self
protection.
Mr.. BLAoKBURNE, of London, won the first
prize in the Berlin chess tournament
THERE have been fresh explosions of social
lists from Berlin. The Berlin police have pro-
hibited all meetings in which socialists are
likely to participate.
A TRIPLE alliance is shortly to be established
between Germany, Russia and Austria.
In Ireland there have been wholesale evic-
tions at Mitchelstown, county Cork, on the
estates of the Countess Of Kingston,
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
RESCUED FROM DEATH.

William j. Copghln Of Somerville. Mass, says: In
the fall of 1876 was taken with bleeding of the lungs,
followed by Il severe cough. lost my appetite and
flesh, and was confined to my bed. In 1877 Twas adj
mitted to the hospital The doctors said had hole
in my lung big half dollar. At time
port went around that was dead l gave up hope.
but friend told me Of DR.. WILLIAM HALLS BALsAai
FOR THE LUNGS Igot bottle, when, to my surprise,
Icommenced to feel better. and to-day feel better
than for three years past write this hoping every
afflicted with diseased lungs will take DIR. VIII
LIAM HALLS BALsAM. and be convinced that CON
SUMPTION CAN BE CURED. can positively say it has
done more good than all the other medicines have
taken since my sickness.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

Begging in Europe cannot be the re-
wardless undertaking generally sup
posed. 1t is stated that Russian of
fetal not long since laid wager that
he could make more money by begging
than by attending to his official duties.
OF $50 persons he addressed soliciting
charity he was refused by forty-two,
and early in the day had received aims
amounting to more than his salary for
two DAYS.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
Art and Oil.

The Norfolk Frginiaa, of January Ii,
1881, refers to the remarkable cure
effected by st. Jacobs Oil in the case OF
Professor Cromwell-known the coun'
try over for his magnificent art illustra'
tions-who had suffered e1cruciating
torments from rheumatism, until he
tried the Oil, whose effects he says were
magical,
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

The growing custom of putting the
choir at the pulpit end of the church
has the very serious drawback that it
prevents a man from turning round and
looking up at the organ in critical
manner just before the contribution
plate approaches his pew.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

Two birds almost as big as pigeons
are to be set at the back of some of the
small bonnets to be worn this winter.
Ono of the prettiest models trimmed in
this way is of plush, having plume
colored pile on ground of old gold,
and the birds used ayeiridescent plum
age, and are so dressed that their necks
are flexible, and they can be set bill to
bill in the most loving way.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
IS I4ipsf Big Lies Z,

Not so fast, my friend for if you would see
the strong, healthy, blooming men, women
and children that have been raised from beds
of sickness, suffering aud almost death by the
use of Hop Bitter, you would say, Truth,
glorious truth" See Truths in another
column,
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
Rural New Yorker J

The best people will vote for the best
man every time. And we judge by the
number of the st. Jacobs Oil constit-
uency, that it is the best remedy for
the rheumatism known. Professor Iice,
of st. Louis, among others, says SO.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
vegetir1e.
Female Weaknesses.

No better remedy in the whole materia medca has
yet been compounded for the relief and cure OF
Female Complaints, of the ordinary kind, than
VEGETINE. 1t seems to act in these cases with IN
wonted certainty, and never fails to give and
healthful tone to the female organs to remove re-
Taxed debility and unhealthy secretions and restore
a healthful vigor and elasticity. One of the most
common of these complaints is LeucoThea or
Whites, which are brought either by the presence
OF Scrofula in the system By affection of the
womb, or even by general debility. For all these
complaints, and when danger begins to threaten
woman at the turn of life, YEGETISE can be COM
mended without qualification. The great prevalence
of these disorders, and their cure by yEGETINE has
amply shown that the alleviating agent remains
not yet to be discovered but is already known, and
is favorite with American ladies. Too long has it
been the custom to prescribe nauseating and
tain remedies in place of what is pleasant efcacious
and cheap. Try VEGETNE and do not doubt its power
to carry you safely through danger and disease.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

A ragged tramp, who was trying to
sell jewelry on the streets of Chicago,
was arrested because the articles offered
were OF real value, and it was surmised
that they had been stolen. The pris-
oner proved to be q girl in disguise, and
the jewelry was her own.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

Mayor King, of Philadelphia, says,
"I do not intend to remove a single
man from the force, big or little, white
OF black, if he does his duty" Good
for Mayor King.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

YEGErINE.-The great success of the yEGE-
TINE as a cleanser and purifier of the lood Is
shown beyond doubt by the great numbers
who have taken it, and received immediate
relief with such remarkable cures.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
Not n ReyprnCP,

"They are not beverage, but medicine,
with curative properties of the highest degree,
containing no poisonous drugs. They do not
tear d wn an already debilitated system, but
build it ND. One bottle contains more hops.
that is more real hop strength, than a bar q
Of ordinary beer. Every druggist in Rochester
sells them, and the physicians prescribe them. "
Rochester Ecealinq Express on Hop Bltters.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

The tooth of mastodon, weighing
+ix and half pounds, was found by a
little bov in the Kentucky river, at
Marion, Ky, recently.
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01

The wise man looks for happiness be-
yond the narrow ken of personal in
terest,
The Sentinel. [volume] (Trenton, N.J.) 1880-1882, 1881-10-01
WARRANTED FOR "a YEARS
AND NEVER FAILEI

IND NEVER FAILED
To CURE Group, Spasms, Diarrhcea, Dysenterv aud
Sea Sickness. taken internally, and GUARANTEED
perfectly harmless; also externally, Cuts Bruises
Chronic rheumatism Old Sores. Pains in the limbs
back and chest. Such a remedy is DR.. TOBIAS
VENETIAN EMINENT.
a1-No one once trying it will ever be without it;
nh ySc ia 1S1 lSaif