davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
Freaks of the Gulf Stream.

At o meeting Of the Farmers club
in New York, Mr.. A. j. DeVoe submit
ted a communication on the weather."
in which he wrote: This winter 1 was
informed by an able and experienced
sea captain that he encountered the
gulf stream sixty miles south Of the
point marked in his chart. 1t is q we'll
known fact that whenever n heavy east
wind prevails the tide Mt New York city
will rise from one to two feet above the
usual height, the force of the wind
driving the water toward the shore. If
you will examine the weather charts,
You will find that during the years 1879
and 1850 the prevailing winds along
the Atlantic ocean were from the south
and southeast, and the gull stream
being warm it is perfectly natural that
the cast winds should cause it to shift
toward our continent. Since last Sep
TENDER the winds have shifted to north
west, north and northeast, and now the
gulf stream has driftcd back sixty miles
beyond it's former course. I have called
your attention to this point, hoping
that you will mako somo inquiries, and
see if it be true that this stream is con.
stautly changing its course across the
Atlantic in ncct rl#nco with the prevail
ing winds, and if true, our sea captains
ought TO know it, as in foggy weather
they are liable to be thrown 100 miles of
their course, and perhaps this has been
the cause OF sending many Il noble ship
to the bottom.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
The COSSackS,

The Cossacks,' who are so efficiently
siding the Russians during their active
hostilities in Turkestan, have always
been vcrI prominent III the military
operations Of the Muscovite people.
They much resemble the Russians in
appearance, name and language,
being descendants, it is thought, of the
ancient Russians of Novgorod and kiev,
whom the necessity of ceaseless resist
ancc to enemies has rendered peculiarly
martha. The term Kassack is of Turk
ish or Tartar origin, signifying both
robber and light armed warrior. The
whole number of the Cossacks has been
estimated at 3,00O,0 600, though 2,00O,-
600 is probably nearer the truth. The
chief hetmanship is now vested in the
Czarowitz. The principal occupation
of the Cossacks in peace is fishing and
withdrawing. Their wealth is mostly
in horses, the poorest person owning
five or ten. Their beasts are small and
Unlocking, though swift and excess.
lively hardy. They serve on horseback
during war, between the ages Of
eighteen and fifty. They are divided
into regiments and subdivided into
hundreds, fifties and tens. Without
any battle array, they attack with fury
and wild shouts, dispense, and attack
again. They arc s~ingularly expert in
surprising and intercepting small de-
tachments, in annoying IN enemy on
the march, and in pursuing and harass-
ing IN army in flight and retreat.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09

TIE village of Brevieres, in the department
of Savoy, Franco. has been completely de-
stroycd by two avalaucles. Fifteen persons
were killed.
AT O masked tese of the students of the Acad.
emy Of Painters in Munich the costume of O
studen! caught fire, when be rushed in dismay
among the other maskcrs. In consequence
four students We're burned to death, four fatally
and four slightly Il INJURED.
=. DECREE has been Published prohibiting the
importation into France of sailed pork, bacon
and ham FROM the United States.
Mn. pARSGLi. addressed an immense meeting
in Clara, Ireland, attended by more than 70, O0C
people ana presided over by n priest with the
American flag waving above him.
THE Agricultural society of Paris has adopted
O resolution demanding that the ministry
should commc::::: negotiations with the United
States for the revocation Of all alleged decision
Of the United States forbiddinB the landing
of French wines at American ports on the pre-
text that they are injurious to health. The
society believes that the decision is simply in
reprisal for the Introduction by France Of tho
importation of American bacon.
THE Belfast steamer Dtydalc, with Mr.. Dig
gar, home ruiz member Of parliament fot
Cavan, aboard, sunk til" Liverpool schooner
Doris a few days ago of Belfast. The crew d
the Doris was rcscard. Mr.. Bissar was a pas
senscr in the same steamer when she foundcrci
lust year.
The Indians are again on the warpath i'll iht
region about Chihuahua, Mexico. Two hun
! dred of them attacked 4 settlement near Cor
rales d few days ago, killed several women ant
children and ~plnnlered the place.
u. DRoz, previously vice-presidcnt has becl
| elected president of the Swiss Confederation il
tue place Of N. Andcrwert, deceased; and NJ
| Bavicr has bcon declared vicc-president.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
The Moons Effect upon Fish.

Professor Lcgatc, of this city, says
the NirGin!a City tNcv.l Enterprise, has
been experimenting for some time Tor
the purpose Of aSrrrsain:ng what effect
the moon has upon fish, and the result
Of his Investigations goes to Sllhstan-
lia.c VIVA. old fishermen have always
said, namely, that i spoil, them. The
rays of light, or something carried III
tine rays, cause the fish to drca'T vrr,|''
rapidly. Even catfish, all alive am!
kicking when exposed. were" in Il bad
state in n few hours. Professor Icgatc
is a firm believer in the influence OF the
moon on man or all things mundane.
The atmosphere being attracted by the
moon the same as the waters of the
ocean, only to q much greater extent, he
is OF the opinion that effects are pro-
duced by the aerial tide which are gen
orally attributed to other causes. y
gentle man of this city, hearing of the
fish experiments, says that some years
ago, while on the west coast of Africa,
he one night slept on the deck of d YES
sci, under the ray of a full moon, and
the result was that he was totally blind
for three days. The had effects of the
rays Of the moon appear to have been
known or ut least suspected ages ago.
In the Bible, in Psalms, we read, 1.-The
sun shall not smite thee by day, nor III"
moon by night
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
A Neat ReiOinder.

The following story is told Of acoun-
sci who was taken down very neatly by
q witness whom he was b~rowbeating.
It was necessary to the counsels cause
to make the witness in question, who
was an aged man, break down. The
following dialogue ensued: Counsel
Chow old are you?" Witness-"Sev-
enty. two years" Counsel" Your
memory, of course, is not SO vivid as it
was twenty years ago" Witness-"I
think it is" Counsel-"State some
circumstance which occurred, soy
twelve years ago, and We shall be able
to Judge whether your memory is IN
impaired" Witness-"I appeal to the
court I refuse to be INTERCEPTED in
this manner" The iudge-"You had
better answer the question" Witness
"Well, sir, if you compel me to do it,
I will. About twelve years ago, you"
addressing the counsel) "stndied in
Mr.. Rs Office" Counsel-"Yes."
Witness cat that time your father
came into my Office and said to me,
sMr. D., my son is to be examined to.
morrow, and I wish you to lend me
twenty-five dollars to buy him a suit Of
Clothes T advanced the money, and
from that day to Ibis il has never been
repaid. I remember it as though il
were yesterday" Counsel consider
ably abashed). "That will do, sir
you may go down."
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
From Washington.

THr President has signed the parrlOns OF
San.:lcl $. Itisingcr, George T. Risinger and
Herman L. Kicker, of Illinois, who were in
,lictcd for conspiracy to defraud the internal
revenue. The pardons IRE conditional.
Tile President sent q message to the Senate
withdrawing the nomination Of George H..
Forster rs Cnitc.l States attorney for the south
crn district of New FORK.
Tho natiuna; board of health has submitted
to the secretary of the treasury its annual re-
port for 1850, cnbolying n special statement
for the six months ending December 81, 1851,
which shows That the aggregate expenditures
for tllat period were s99, log. The total amount
expended troil the date Of organization has
been 1864, OBS. An appropriation Of s2O3, 2l9 Is
required to meet the estimated expenses of the
board for the fiscal year ending June 81, 1882.
The report congratulates the country upon the
general results of the labors of the board
since it went into operation in April, 1917.
THE ccns,ls Office announces the following
approximate Il stributinn of the total popnla-
ton Of the cnlnrry among the several classes:
Males, 2I.52D. $50; females. 81. G32, 2Sl; natives
of the United States. 1915. sos; foreign born,
G.G77, $50: whit -, ~, i0i, ST.; ~colore1l, G,577, Isl;
Indians and hglt-brrcds not in tribal relations
On reservations under the care of tho govern
mcnt, G5, 100; Chinese, 105, 4G3; other Asiatics,
2jj. The number OF colorcd persons to each
100, 600 whites is II, l53, against 1928 in 1870.
The number Of females to every loo, 600 males
is gG.519, against 81, 301 in 1870. The number
Of fnrci:sr-ior persons to every 100, 600 natives
is l5,ajj, against G,S75 in 1870.
TnHRE are ~siXty-siy rn,tmnstrr5 Who's" coin
missions will expire during the ln"nth OF
March.
TH" funeral o: I"rnanlu Wood from his late
residence in Washington was attended By nearly
all the m.n!,rs Ci Congress and prominent
government offers. The pmll-bcarcrs were
Senators Thurman anl Ba:nrl, Speaker Ran
dali, AMI Representatives Morton aud Lnrins,
Jil2" %wayl,H. cx-Maynr Brrrc.. and W. W..
CnrrTan. After tn: funeral services the re-
mains were ;uhr! q New York. in ~cllAfj:" Of all
allrrIrnnir cnIn!ni:i"" from :ha. city. AMI there
l;iri:I in Mr.. Worl'a family Ia: in Trinity
cril.r:,rV.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
4 WOman'S Wit.

4 wolnan's advice is generally worth
having: 50, il YOU are in any trouble,
tell your mother or your wife or .vour
sister all about it. Brassurcd that light
will flash upon your darkness. Women
are too commonly judged v"rdant in all
but purely wolnanish affairs. No philo-
soplical students of the sex thus judge
them. Their intuitions. o insights arc
the most subtle, and if they cannot see
q cat in the meal there is no cat there.
I advise q man to keep zone of his al
fairs from his wife. Many a home has
been saved and many a fortune retrieved
by a mans full confidence in his wife.
Woman is far more a seer and q prophet
than man, if she be given q fair chance.
As q general rule, the wives confde the
minutcst of their plans and thoughts to
their husbands. Why not rrciprocnt",
il but for the pleasure of meeting ron
tidence with confidence The men
th.,t succeed best in life are those WHO
make rnntidnnts Of their wives. I0'k"-
y,aat7"nt.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
Foreign News.

4 ITENDIsK crime has just been committed
near Cambria. France. a little girl of thirteen
years wac walking along the country road when
sic Was stopped by two %ruffians, WHO, after
rolhing her Of her purse, put her eyes out with
I pair Of scissors. IA" victim died s,,nii after
in horrible agony.
EDWIN BuoTu, The American tragcliap. is
enthusiastically praised by tho London press
for his performance in liking Lear"
DISPATCH from Edinhurg gives the details
ola grcat meeting Of Iiyhlaudcrs 10 protest
aga:.-: the aho!itio;, of the "'arian.' The
Prince of Wales. tic Duke Of EGinblrg aud
all Of tie Scotch nobility have agreed to r'::-
t;oi lie queen to sop the change. I'll" pco.:i
throughout Scotland arr intensely excited or":
III" proposed change.
Airon KHAN las taken up arms again aghinst
tn ::l"-r Of .AtsianistaI.
TISFRAL EKoDElEI1, commander Of the
El.4i.n troops operating against the 1nrco-
mans in Central Asia, reports that The country
II Icing rapidly pariii"l.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
Postal Frauds.

When heavy postage was III existence
various methods were employed in cheat
ing the revenue. Persons leaving home
for travel were importuned by friends to
carry letters with them to other friends.
An idea prevailed that, if letters were
carried unscaled, there was no inflaction
of the law. This was q popular error.
A newspaper was often sent by post i'll
nm envelope; inside the latter n long
epistlc was often written in invisible ink,
generally milk. When this was dry the
writing could not be seen. BY holding
the paper to the fire the writing came
out in Il sepia color, and the law was
broken. This petty trick was discovered
by the p~ostoffice authorities, and parties
were threatened with prosecution; bnt,
Il, the receivers protested that they did
not know who the senders were it was
almost impossible to obtain n conviction.
Other senders, in place Of writing in
milk on the overs of newspapers, made
slight dots in ordinary ink under such
printed letters as suited their purpose
for conveying intelligence. This was
troublesome for both sender and re-
c%eivcr, and it was used only for brief
messages. The postal tux pressed most
heavily on the poor, but the ingenious
poor found means to evadc it. For in
stance, q son or daughter III town dis
patched a letter to parents in the coun-
try, who were too poor to pay the post
age. The parents declined TO take such
letters in, which they had a legal right
to do. Returned to the general post
office, the letter, on being opened, was
found to be q blank sheet of paper. The
fact is, the parents and children had
agreed tc send these blank sheets rs in
dications that all was we'll with the
sender; the receiver got that much Of
news and had nothing to pay for it.
The letter was never taken unless Il par
ticnlar mark was on the cover, which
intimated that something of importance
was to be read within. Heavy postage
made long letters. AS the receivers
lmid the postage they naturally expected
their moneys worth. Often Il sheet of
foolscap was crossed and rccrossrd, ind
not Il la%ir-hreadth of tn" paper WAS left
without it's line.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
Heating by Friction.

A Boston gentleman has invented q
simple devise, which, II its present
promises are realized, ought to work O
revolution in methods Of heating. It is
nothing less than an invention to use
friction as o practical ean Of pro-
ducing heat. At the time of the
Ashtabula horror, when 10 many per-
sons were burned to death by the
wrecked cars catching fire from the
stoves, Mr.. Webster Wells, then pro-
lessor of mathematics in the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology, began
to consider the problem Of heating cars
without fire. He has now solved it. His
invention consists of q strong iron cylin-
der, at one end of which, inside, is o
fixed plate of hardened iron, against
which, firmly attached to a revolving
shaft, another plate presses, either
closely or lightly, as required.
The cylinder is filled with water,
and this, heated by the friction Of the
two plates, circulates through pipes,
warming the room through which
they run just as steam pipes do.
The water is kept in constant circula-
ton in these pipes, returning to the
cylinder, to be heated over again. The
water in the cylinder, which is
brought to high degree of heat in q
remarkably short time, keeps the plates
fabricated, preventing their wearing away
ut q rapid rate. When worn away the
cost Of renewing them is trifing, and
the machine has no complicated work
about it, SO that it is easily kept in re-
pair. The power required to run the
machine is so slight that the waste OF
surplus power of the engines in use fol
running elevators and other machinery
in hundreds of buildings throughout 6
city is enough for oil ordinary purposes
The machine can be utilized in any
place where power is used. The
ordinary sized machine has thirty-siA
square inches of friction surface in it,
; plates, sufficient, it is said, to heal
10000 cubic feet Of space. This re
quires but half o horse power.
A machine with 225 square inches O.
friction requires but four-horse power
and would heat q room 60x100 feet, o.
containing 126,000 cubic feet. In rail
! road cars the machine is operated b.
power taken direct from the wheels, do
ing away with all danger from fire il
case of u smash-up. When the cars are
standing still the machine can be oper
ated by power from the locomotive, by {
continuance somewhat like that which
operates the Westinghouse brake. II
mills it is calculated that q great saving
can be made, both in fuel and in thu
rates of insurance. The agent Of a mil
. where water power is used estimates
that in twenty years, by the use OF this
device, n saving Of at least 3lS5,0OO il
fuel alone could be effected. Professo,
! Wells is now in Europe, looking GU
for his patents there. The machine is il
operation in Boston.-BoSton Herald.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
Unknown Alaska.

When the late Mr.. Seward purchased
Alaska from the czar he was not aware
of the fact that he was getting with his
countless fur-seals, fisheries, mines and
icebergs of the greatest rivers in the
world, and O almost demonstrated to
be of greater volume than the Missis-
sippi. Such is the Yukon. The vast
region it waters remains almost as
much a terra incognita az the
Congo. In fact, while the latter
has been onc cxplored-by Stanley
from the point where Livingstone
turned back down to the Atlantic ocean,
and by Livingstone from it's extreme
sources to where SANKEY'S exploration
began, 10 traveller has ever vet seer the
upper water of Yukon, or has been able
to enlighten the world as to it's length
n its source, or the region it drains.
Here, then, is al opening for enterprise
and ambition, more fruitful of promise
than anything rs yet unrerealcd in
Africa or the the Artic sea, and probably
less dangerous. That the country
contains mines OF gold and silver,
We may readily conjecture from
the fact that such mines exist on
all sides of it. The river is navigablc
for hundreds Of miles. 1t is free of ice
from June TO September. It's banks are
fanked below with Indian villages. Its
waters are filled with fish for the sup
port Of human life and its woods with
game. The mountains in which it rises
are unknown to white men, but, rs the;s
are generally believed to he stored with
that sort of treasure which led to the
rapid settlement of California and to
the expansion of III on the south
and Central Pacific, Il ere is the strong
est soft of temptation on the part of
thousands TO see them, test them and
dig them mp, if the treasure can be found.
The government has many vessels lying
idle and uselessly rotting for the want
of action. Why not fit n of them up
for a two or three years cruise on this
great unexplorcd river of the north :
The discovery Of gold mines there would
lead instantly to a large migration from
all parts OF the world, and in q few years
contribute millions to the of
the Southern Pacific States and Terrific
ries.-4Sun Francisco Newsletter.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
NEWS EP1TOME.
Eastern and Middle States.

I'LL has been introduced in tho Ohio legis.
latrre to punish wifo-beaters by whipping
them.
THE Valley Bank of Kansas City, Mo-, Inns
failed.
ANOTHER marriage by telegraph is reported,
the bride and bridegroom being at different
points in Dakota, while the clergyman stood at
the wire in Bismarck aud performed the ccrc-
mony. The questions and answers were writ
zen, tclcsraphcd and responded to, and q blcss-
ing pronounced in the usual form.
PETITIONS with 200, 900 signatures have been
sent to the North Carolina legislature for o pro-
hibitory liquor law.
THE body of DR.. Konraden Nuremberg, who
died in indianapolis, Ind, was burned q few
days ago at the furnace in Washington, Pa.
This makes the tenth body which has been
crcmatrd in that furnace.
Al Nanticokc, Pa, q man named LafsclIski
broke n bottle of alcohol in j.. pocket and tho
contents saturated his clo:,..lg. When he
aftcrward liz Il match his clothing caught fire
anl hr was 80 terribly burned that it was
tlIouglit he would die.
Al o large land league meeting i'll Buffalo,
n. y, two Judges, nj Episcopalian minister, a
Presbyterian minister, Il Jewish rabbi and the
editor of n German paper were among tho
speakers.
AT a largo nesting Of tho recently formed
national anti-monopoly league, held In New
York, speeches were made by Judge jeremiah
Black, Congressman Reagan ind others, and a
long letter from Senator Window, Of Minnesota,
was rcad. The object of the league il "to
demand full protection for The rights of tho
citizen against the abuses and aggrcssiOns OF
corporate power"
The French bark Fannie sailed from Phil
adclplia for Havrc, France, five months ago,
with a crew of twenty-onc men and a cargo OF
petroleum and nothing having been heard Of
the vessel she is supposed to have been lost at
SEA.
A THnoyG Of ov.r 20.000 persons witnessed
the formal presentation of the Egyptian obclisk
in Central park, New York, to the city. Hon.
William 81. Evarts made the speech of prcaon-
tatior, during which no said that the cntirc
cos. Of transporting the obclisk from Alex
andria, Egypt-n little over 200, 000-had been
horne ~ William II. Vanderbilt. Mayor Grace
made the address of acceptance, and medals
commemorative of the event were presented to
Mr.. Vanderbilt, Commander Gorringc, who
brought the obelisk over, and 100 scloolboys.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1881-03-09
Western and Southern States.

FIVE colored men we're on trial at Springfield,
Tenn, for the murder of Mr.. Lapradc. Tho
Judge had delivered his charge to the jury and
The prisoners had been given to the sheriff, who
VAS about to start to the Jail with them, whcna
large number Of men, as if by previous umdor-
standing, rushed upon tho sheriff AMI seizcl
the prisoners. With q yell they started ont OF
The courtroom, despite the obstacles put in
their way by the posse employed to guard the
prisoners. Tho mob ran over the officers as II
! they were so many jackstraws. BY this time
every corridor Of the courthouse was packed
and jalnmcd with people, while q regular flsil-
ade of shots was fired upward al an intimila-
ton to those who should dare to follow them
and attempt to rescue the prisoners. Tho
crowd in the conrt-room, which had been listen
! ing to the argument of counsel, jumped from
| the windows to the ground and rushed i'll every
direction. Tie mob hurried to the second
| story of the courthouse, put nooses already pre-
! pared for the purpose around thor nccks and
swung them over. NJ one outside of thoac
engaged in the l~vnchiny was permitted to
! come near where the negroes We're hung until
they were dead.
The city council of Denver. Col, has accepted
| o proposition for lighting the entire city with
the Brush electric light for two years at s14,OOO
per annuIn. The light to be Furnished il guar
antecd to be four times greater in the aggregate
| than could be furnished by the same number OF
gas larlpa.
,,,, 80, C:l,.. ft,.,I r,1 ,lnSfrnyal
number of buildings and caused MI aggregate
loss of about $780, 0D.
Oh tn. morning after the lynchiuS Of III" five
negroes in Springfield, Tenn, two other
negroes, who had turned States evidence and
been released, wcr, found hanging to ! tree
near the scene of tn" murder of I.aprade.
THE Tennessee State senate unanimously
adopted Il resolution condemning the action OF
the mob at Springfield in taking seven
prisoners from the custody Of the court and
putting them to death, and declaring that
mobs must be Suppressed if it takes the whole
power of the State. The resolution calls upon
the governor to Use all means for the arrest and
punishment OF the perpetrators OF this crime,
and promises the active cooperation OF the
legislature.
WHILE the exercises commemorative OF
W~asling,on's birthday were taking place Mt
Alexandria, VA, til" grand stand suddenly gave
way, throwing President Hayes, Senator
Withrrs, Congressman Hurd, the orator of the
day, and about thirty other prominent gentle
men to the ground. The worst injury was that
sustained By Senator Withcrs, who sprainrl u
leg. When it was discovered that no one had
been dangerously injured the exercises were
confirmed