Sacramento daily record-union., 1881-09-22


the Pavilion last evening. and as all the ex
hibits were in place the fair may be said tt
be just really in running order. The crust
was so great from half-past s o'clock unit
half-past 10, that it was difficult to pas
through the aisIes, and the necessity of a new
Pavilion was discussed by every one. The
building is Too small for such crowd, anc
the aisles are too narrow. The people seemed
pleased with the exhibition, and enjoyed see
ing and being seen.
THE NEUROLOGICAL DISPLAY.
There is no more attractive exhibit ia the
entire list, either at the Park or Pavilion,
and none more suggestive or of more vital
Importance to the people, than that made by
Matthew Cooke, chief executive officer CT
the State Horticultural Commission. It is q
complete and exhaustive exhibit, in all the
various stages of their existence and depreda.
tions, of the various insect pests which prey
upon the fruits, trees and vines of this State.
The exhibit is presented through the aid of a
score or more of microscopes, powerful mag
nifying glasses, etc. These are ranged at con-
venient distances from each other and be-
meath them are such specimes OF the codling
moth, phylloxera and host of similar pests,
as can be only examined by microscopic aid
In addition is an almost endless array of the
spest" specimens in vials and Jars, with
examples of their destructive work in
wood, leaf, fruit, berry, etc., and show
ing every one Of the stages of their
existence. These specimens are from all parts
of the State, and have been gathered by Mr..
Cooke with great patience. to enable him to
gain full knowledge of this branch of ento.
IL 10 k1eI
remedies possible TO the exterm;nation Of the
pests, which have already caused such great
LOGS to fruit aud grape-grewers. Sometime
ago number of Grammar School boys here
organizeda junior Agassiz Association, for the
study of entomology, and the collection Of
specimens. 1t proved quite successful. MIR.
Cooke was invited by the boys to instruct
them concerning insect pests, and he readily
undertook to do so. He has now utilized this
society, by selecting from its membership a
number Of tie young masters. who, wearing
the neat badge of their association, stand be-
hind the counters, On which are arranged the
microscopes and specimens in the exhibit re-
ferred to- and, having been instructed by Mr..
Cooke, explain to inquirers all needed details
of the exhibit. The three days experience
already had, Mr.. Cooke certifes, proves that
the youths association is most de-
sirabis aid in furthering the purposes
of the exhibit, and the public has been
greatly convenienced by the. politeness
and attentions of the boys. The exhibit
is in the lower east hall, in the southeast
corner. (rhis exhibit shculd have the. best
light and location in the building, and; be on
the upper floor.) The space, 80 feet tY: IA
feet, is rallied in. In the center is placed Ia
bles, in the form of hollow psrallelogrerp,
% feet by feet, giving surface Of 1e4
square feet. On the tables are Arranged "a
microscopes, some of them valuable instru-
ments, which have been given by thsir own
ers for use in this exhibit. There are also SO
magnifyipg glasses of various kinds!s To the
table are fastened by chains II reading
glasses, for use by those examining speci-
mems. The visitors enter at one end of the
table and pass to the right, so that there is no
trouble ia the passage around, the table. In
the microscopes and magnifying glasses are
placed specimens of the various insects, and
on the table ere various bottles, etc, contain
ing spe ecimens as follows:
Fitst-The codiDg moth (Ca,pocdpso po-
monella), which has done so much damage in
this State and elsewhere. Specimens of the
egg, larva, pups, and perfect insect (moth).
Also pieces of scantling taken from fruit
packing rooms, bark of trees, paper, etc.,
showing how this pest hibernates.
Second-Scsle insects (44spidiotas pernicio-
sus), or San Jose scale. which has done SO
much damage to orchard property in Santa
Clara county, and is now found 10 Solaro,
Yolo and San Joaquin. Aspidiotns rapae,
found in apples, pears, ETC., in Santa Cruz
and some of the southern counties. Aspidi-
otus coachito1mis, or common apple scale,
found in various sections of the State on de-
cideous fruit trees and citrus trees. Aspidio-
tus aarantii, or red SCALE found on citrus trees
and fruits in Los Angeles county, and also
found as far north as Marysville. Aspidiotus
Conrsrus, found on the fruit in various coun-
ties, bat especially on citrus fruit. Accacid,
found on ornamental trees of various species
throughout the State. Leconium Olen, or
black scale, found throughout the State
on citrus and nearly all kinds of decidu-
Gus fruit trees. Accompanying this
species are specimens of Fun,ago Sail
scale and discolors the foliage and fruit. LEGO
mum hesperidam, or soft orange scale, found
in cry portion of the State on citrus trees.
Lecoainm dceT.icoleo, or maple scale, found on
grapes in Santa Barbara and some other coun-
ties. Iceruia purchdsi, or cettery cushion scale,
an Australian importation found in Santa
Barbara and Los Angeles its food
plants are citrus and deciduous trees,
shrub, etc.; this appears to be
a very undesirable visitor, by the specimens
shown. Uhle1.ia arducdri9, or scale of Nor
fork leland pine; said to be spreading very
fast. Diaspis yoseg, or rose scsie, with
snecfmens showing its serious spread on the
raspberry and blackberry vines. In all,
twenty-five species Of scale insects are ex-
hibited.
Trctyunuchus telarium, or red spider, in
all it's changes or metamorphosis. Speci-
mems from several counties.
Cate,pillars = Clisio campo constricta and
C1;s;o-cdmpa and Americana orgyie leuceos.ig-
ma ia all forms-egg, Larvae, pupa moths,
etc.
Selaadfia ccrasi, or pear slug, with speci
mems showing its destructive habits.
Ne,aatis simlaris, or saw.hy. destructive to
foliage Of pear trees early in each season.
Ifsge7Ta tipuliforme and ChrgsobetiITs
femoTuta, currant.bush borers; also, speci-
mems Of apple-tree borers, etc.
Orange, lemon, apple, pear, ETC., infested
By scale insects and set under glasses.
Olive branches infested by three distinct
species of scale insects. Lemons, from o
recent shipment received from Australia, in
tested by a. auraatii, or red scale, and Lecoa.
iaAa cityicoIa.
Collection OF various insects more or leas
injurious 20 trees and fruit, including several
species sf Dic5retfica.