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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31
Chemicals and Formulas.
N. C. AGR'L Tx. STATION,
March 26th, 1881.

d -SAbs 49,
Just at this time the important qlIes-
,;on with farmers is: How can the best
manure be male at the least cost? All
will find it Necessary to supplement
their natural home manure with icrtl-
lizers or with chrmIcais. an ansTer to
this question | must say, first, a good
manure can only be made out OF good
materials and good materials always cost
something. The receipts which are
hawked about the country for making
manure out of worthless materials are
humbugs then.
The farmer aims to supply the four
great clements vi plant food, phosphUrlc
acid, ammonia, potash and lime, all or
ia part, according 10 the demands Of hi
soil or the crop. If he does not get
these already mixed for him in a iertiIi
ger, he must buy chemicals and mix
them Tor himself, using. at the same,
all the home materials he has. The
question is, in what form can he buy
these things cheapest The best and
cheapest sources OF these substances,
now within reach of our farmers, are,
for available phosphoric acid dissolved
bones and dissolved 5. G. phosphate
for ammonia, sulphate OF ammonia or
potential ammonia In fi,h-scrapS,
slaughter house ofal, &c; tor potash
muriate of potash TOR tine tobacco sui
plate of potash) for lime ground plas-
ter. Where dissolved bones or S. e..
phosphate are used it is generally not
necessary to buy sulphate of lime in
addition, as these contain it. Some of
the costly chemicals called for by for
mulas supplied farmers by the dealers
are comparatively unneeded. The
money often put in sulphate of magne-
STA and sulphate of soda, for example,
had better be put In more of the more
valuable ingredients. | do not recon-
mend buying nitrate of soda ordinarily
now either. At present prices sulphate
of ammonia affords nitrogen cheaper.
Nitrate of soda at 3 cts. per ID supplies
nitrogen equivalent to only IL per cent
of ammonia, while sulphate OF ammonia
at 81 cts. per ii supplies - per cent of
ammonia. The nitrate has the further
disadvantage too of being SO very solu-
bic IN water that it Is In large part wash
ed out Of the soil and thus lost to the
plants. Lawes and Gilbert established
this for their clay soils at Rothamstead
by careful experiments. 1t must be-
much truer of our soils. Similarly |
recommend muriate of potash Except
for fine tobacco( in preference to the
sulphate. High grade" sulphate of
potash at y cts. a pound contains only
about ~ per cent of potash, while the
muriate at 3 cts per pound contains 80
per cent.
Farmers should write to me and tell
me what materials they have at their
disposal or can get, and | will make up
formulas for them suited to the crops
they want to cultivate. [ have recon-
mended the following formulas fire.
quently this season
FOR tORN.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31

The sulphate of ammonia and muriate
of potash to be dissolved in water and
sprlnklcd on the heap. This will cost,
(600tbs. acid phosphate 50, 90, lG0fbs OF
sulphate of ammonia So so, lOOtbs. of
muriale of potash $500, - bus. cotton
seed about -. 75.) $20.25 per ton.
30Otbs per acre. Directions for com
posting will gladly supplied on appllca
ton. c.. w, DAsNEY, JR. Director.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31

We are informed 10y Prof. Hyams
that within the past sea 1000, 600
pounds of roots and herbs have been
shipped from the botanic house OF
Messrs. Wallace Bros, of this place.
This takes no account Of a large guam
tity from points in the interior which
finds its way to the Statesville depot
and is shipped hence.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31

Charlotte GLseytr The Purim mask
ball at the Central Hotel was d highly
| successful social event. -Ihe heirs
of Henry Hunter, deceased, late of
England, but for many years a citizen of
Mecklenburg county, have received IN
| formation that an estate has been left
them in Dublin, Ireland, amounting to
seven millions of dollars .-The Ches-
ter and Lenoir Railroad has just added
new passenger and mail coaches to the
rolling stock of the road The inter
State cooking main at Columbia wound
mp Yesterday by North Carolina winning
five out of the eight remaining fights,
making her in all, four fights ahead
The match wa male for sixteen fights,
out of which North Carolina won ten
and Georgia six. In consequence Of
this the North Carolina hackers will
come back with the 81, 900 staked upon
the main and 800 for each odd victory
The Democrats can always carry the
State when they put the right sort OF
ticket in the field. The sure way to
keep the State Democratic is to put
none but honest, capable, faithful and
sober men in office \ strictly honest
and strictly economical government ls
what the taxpayers need and demand.
They may become Disguised thorough
IL at the folly ant needless expenditures
of their officials, but ever then they
know that the true way-the only safe
way of having such evils corrected Is
not to 90 off and support Radicals for
office, but to nominate for office men Of
unqestioned integrity and c~apability who
will do what is right and proper. STIR.
But if the Machine become all Pow
erful, how them
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31

Happy New Year, New Schedule. New Prleae,
New Terms, New Instruments. Send for JAM
uary, 1881, Catalogues aud Price Lirts, and note
our New Year Offers. Piano and Organ war re-
newed. Paper bullets Convincing argIments.
Facts that cut like knives. Victory this time for
southern banners. Come up, buyers, there's
room fyr all. Address.
LUDDEn g. BATES,
Mar. 3 I'm. Savannah. 'Gs
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31
400 TBS per acre in the hill

400 TBS per acre in the hill
This would cost per ton, $500 lbs
dissolved bone Sl3. 60; l00tbs murlate
of potash 5000 $1,000.
FOR COTTON.
Acid phosphate, l2F av.
phos. acid, 900 lbs.
Sulphate of ammonia, 25f
ammonia, 100
Muriate of potash, 50F pot
ash, 100 ="
% bus. cotton seed, or
about, 600 "
Rotted stable manure, much
or mould, 600 4"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31
LOCK GUT FOR YOUR NAME
RECEIVED PAYMENT.

YEAR. S1.10 SIX MONTHS
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1881-03-31

FUK NUTkN.
Dissolved bone containing
15F av. phos:, acid. 500
Muriate of potash contain
ing 5Of OF potash, 100
Mould, 100
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
"Stop that QuarrellIng."
UNCLE CHARLIE

In England recently, curious incl. dent of geese-life was witnessed. A number of very fine geese, belonging to MT. Woodford, were having their morning ramble when suddenly strange noise was heard.
 Two of the geese had been quarrelling probably, over some choice morsel 0 food. They fought each other furiously when they were suddenly stopped in a way that caused no little surprise to the beholders.
 An old goose came flying across the road, cackling in tones that must have meant, "Stop that quarrelling !" for they seemed to be well understood by the combatants. Having chided them well the old goose proceeded to punish them
 Instantly the quarrelsome geese obey ed the command of the old goose; and the whole flock, that had been witnesses of the fight, began to gobble their ap- proval of the peace that had been brought about. How much wiser they were than some bad boys, who like to see a fight and do not try to stop it.
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21

of the Elbe, where special laws have been passed for the preservation of the amphibious rodents. Here their multi plication has become subject of serious protests on the part of those inhabitants who care more for their crops and pri- vate interests than for questions of natu- ral history, however interesting. The beavers have begun to attack the trees on each side of the bank within a wide range of the river, and have not only de- molished quantities of the young sap lings, but also knawed through and razed to the ground many quite full grown trees. They have likewise, in the course of their various works in damn ing and diverting the stream, caused great damage to the existing banks and defenses, so as to cause inundation and impose much toll and expense upon the riparian proprietors. So serious are the depredations of the tribe, as it continu- ally increases in number, that the Ger mans are preparing to address petitions to the government, and ask for an act, conceived somewhat in the spirit of the hares and rabbits act, authorizing them to protect themselves by organizing beaver hunts on large scale.
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
Don't Drown.

A correspondent of the London Times, in giving an account of the better way for one to sustain himself in the water, says:
 "When I first went to sea at the age of 124 years. fell overheard in the Bay of Biscay when the ship was going ten knots with studding sails set. A heavy sea was running, and the captain wrote that he had never known any one saved under such circumstances 1 had been taught to swim at Eton, where had gained some proficiency in diving for chalk eggs. This practice gives a boy the two qualifications to which, under Providence, owe my life-frst, that of not being afraid when under water being in the habit of swimming about under water looking for the eggs which had been scattered; and, secondly, that of treadlng water, for we used to come up with eight or ten eggs, two or three being slowed under ones arm-pits, and we had to retain them all and put them into punt or they did not count. My first sensation on feeling myself in and under the water was to force myself in the customary way to the surface, and then, seeing the ship sailing away, and the life-boat apparently close to, to try the good straightforward breast stroke recommended by the honorable secre- tary of the swimming association. Less than a minute convinced me of my error. My cloth uniform was very heavy, as it was midwinter. was losing all my strength, and filing my nose and mouth with spoon drift. I at once gave it up, turned round, and trod the water as long as could, and when could nc longer do that, turned on my back and fioated, in which position was picked up by one of two cutters sent to search for me, and they had lost sight of me from the ship. l will not take ap your space by praising the smartness of the ships or speaking of the officer, still liv- ing, or the crew who manned that boat. My only object m writing, is to add my testimony to that in your issue of to-day that-the 'art of sinking added to that of quietly waiting-treading water and floating-till assistance can reach you will be found far more efficacious than wasting power by swimming"
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
Under the Head of stationary.
Denver Inter Ocean.

During the last admiuistratit Butler, Blaine and Evarts sat together in friend- ly confab at dinner company. Secre- tary Evarts, high liver, smacked his lips over the terrapin stew, and turning to Butler, asked General, how much would it cost to have terrapin for din- ner every day ?" An estimate was made. But, General, I cannot afford so expensive luxury, and yet l would exceedingly like to treat myself and friends to this luxury daily. You are so experienced in framing bills and engineering them through Congress, can you not smuggle throughan appropriation providing the Secretary of State Nith funds sufficient to supply his larder with this delicious viand?" "The tarrapin is slow animal, IS 1t not, MT. Secretary" "Yes, General, proverbially slow" "Well," said Butler, musingly, T think
 we might introduce and pass such | provision under the head of stationery 2,
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
THE HOME.
Flowers From the CoDservatory-Som Valuable Recipes for the Household.

Flowers From the Copservatory-Som
 Valuable Recipes for the Household.
 St. Joseph lilies, lilium candidum, have bloomed and are welcomed by admirers of this flower with it's sacred associations. It was dedicated by the ancients to Juno, Queen of heaven, and ts language is majesty. For the fre- quency with which It is alluded to in scripture it is in demand for decorating the altars of churches. The Jews enter tained high admiration for it's form, which they initiated when ornamenting their first temple; and Christ himself told them to consider the lilies of the field" describing them to his listeners as more glorious in their unadorned sim- plicity than was Solomon.
 English ivy is charming decoration for rooms in the winter season, but it is difficult to keep the leaves fresh-looking with furnace heat and gas. A lady, whose ivies, in spite of these drawbacks. always retaln the appearance of vigor and beauty, says she puts small piece of beefsteak at the root ot the plants every spring and fall. The same result. it is said, can be produced by lightly rubbing the leaf on each side with sweet oil.
 The common cranberry is most at tractive plant wher properly cultivated in pots, and can endure great deal of neglect that would be fatal to other plants. It only needs to be kept cool and moist. Although usually regarded as aquatic in it's nature, it will not do to have the soil saturated with water. What it requires is, that water shall be within reach of it's roots, and that the soil shall be one through which the water can rise readily by capillary att traction.
 The saucer system" is simple method of propagatlng plants, and is the safest of all procedures in inexperi- enced hands. Common saucers or plates may be used to hold the sand in which the cuttings are placed. The sand is put in to the depth of an inch or so and the cuttings inserted in it close enough to touch each other. The sand is then watered until it becomes in the con. dition of mud and placed on the shelf of the greenhouse or in the window-sill of the sittipg-room, fully exposed to the sun and never shaded. But one con- dition is essential to success: Until the cuttings become rooted the sand must be kept continually saturated. If once per- mitted to dry up, exposed to the sun as they are, the cuttings will quickly wilt and the whole operation will be defeat ed. When the cuttings are rooted they should be potted in small pots and treat. ed carefully by shading and watering.
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
Resignation of Senators,
Providence Journal.

The National Government has been in existence for nearly ninety-two years
 and since its organization there bas been up to the present date 21l United States Senators who have voluntarily re- signed their seats in the national Senate. The striking fact in the case is that large proportion of them came from the thirteen original States. The list is as follows: Maine, Q; New Hampshire, &; Vermont, 6; Massachusetts, 17; Rhode Island, '; Connecticut, 6; New York, 13; New Jersey, 8; Pennsylvania, 8, Dela- ware, II; Maryland, 9; Virginia, 14; North Carolina, 8; South Carolina, l5; Geolgia, IA; Alabama, 4; Kentucky, II; Ten nessee, II; Ohio, s; Illinois, l; Arkan> sas, 1; Michigan, 2; Mississippi, 9; Loui- sis.na 6; California, l; Iowa, 2; Minne- scta, l; Kansas, l. This last resignation was made under compulsion, that is to say, the incumbent had the choice of resignlng or meeting the alternative of expulsion. John M. Berrien, of Georgia, resigned on three diffirent occasions 1929, 1S45 and 1852. When he rendered his resignation the second time the Le- gislature accepted it, but he was imme- diately reelected by nearly unanimous vote. He was a man of the very highest order of ability, his public and private morals above reproach. The following named Senators, most of them distina guished in the annals of fame, each re- signed their seats on two different oc- casions: Daniel Webster, Hannibal Hamlin, Simon Cameron, John NJ. Clay ton, John Forsyth, Jefferson Davis, George w. Campbell, Andrew Jackson and John J. Crittenden. When Gen, Cass was nominated for President in 1S4S, he resigned his seat in the national Senate, deeming 1t a proper and digni- fed course. This act elicited much comment from the press of that day, and the Whig papers especially predicted his defeat for the Presidency, and as a candidate for reelection to the Senate; but when the Legislature of Michigan assembled in January following he was reelected to complete his original term
 it being nearly as long in duration as that of Mir. CoHkling when he recently surrendered his Senatorial trust to the appointing power. The circumstances attending many of the above resignatiens constitute highly interesting chapters in our civil and political history, but their republication in the present condition ol the public taste would not elicit one tenth the interest with which the daily balloting is looked for from Albany.
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
Beavers at Work in Europe.
London Globe.

Possibly some naturalists, and a great many other people, are quite unaware that the beaver is still living in consid- erable numbers in parts of Germany. We know that in Britain, where this once little animal had it's natural home, recent attempts have been made with much perseverance to introduce 1t arti- ficially; and Harting has lately shown, not only what was the probable date of extinction of the species here, but also how far Lord Bute's efforts to reacclima- tize them may be considered partially
 successful. Other similar attempts have also been made in Poland, Austria and
 Russia, but in no place has the experi- ment been carried so far as on the banks
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
A Lady Correspondent,

MR. EDIroR-In recent issue of your paper ''Daisy B." writes to know what to do when she has the "blues." Now have been troubled with that very unpleasant and essentially feminine complaint in the past, and I am quite sure my experience will help her. 1 don't believe those indigo feelings come because things don't gS right around us, but because matters don't go right within us Every lady understands this and knows the cause. For years l suf- fered terribly, and now see that I might have avoided it all had I known what do to-day. tried taking Warmers Safe Kid. ney and Liver Cure as an experiment, and it did for me more than l could ever have dreamed it possible to do for any woman. I would not be without it for the world, and earnestly advise Daisy B., or any lady troubled as she was to use the means that did, and I am sure it will have the same eff feet.
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
FACTS FOR FARMERS.
The Great Pest, the "Notorious" Army worm-Summer Apples Farm Notes.

Gs ID. I,
 J. A Lintner, the New York State En- tomologist, just returned to Albany from Potsdam, states that he is not positively able to identify the worm which is rav- aging that region as the notorious" army-worm, the leucania unrounote. He finds, however, wide devastation being caused by myriads of a certain caterpil- lar. This pest so far has manifested few of the supposed characteristics of the genuine army-worm at that period of development. It has done no marching, the worms spending most of their time beneath the sod, coming out occasions ally, to feed, but apparently living and thriving beneath the surface. Professor Lintner thinks it possible that later the worms may form into large bands and move like an army. He finds nc record of such visital of the army>worm in Northern New York, and it has been rare in the State. It would not at any rate, be expected till the middle of July and the part of the State now invaded is beyond the limit of the ravages of this insect, according to the map of Dr. Packard. If the present insect is the real army worm it may deposit eggs by the middle of June which will develop
 
 cut the heads from grain. In one fifty- acre pasture at Potsdam. Luxuriant few weeks ago, the ground was found brown and bare with dead worms hang- ing on stalks of last years grass. The pest has appeared in nearly every town in St. Lawrence County, is reported IF Franklin, Jefferson, Oswego and Hamil. ton, and it is feared will appear in Her. kimer and Lewis. In closing his report Professor Lintner says:
 "At the present can only make the following recommendations, as experi. ments to arrest the depredations. In pastures and meadows not yet destroyed, but so located as to render it probable that they will be soon attacked, strips should be staked of and such applica- tions be made to them as give promise of rendering the grass unalatable to the larv9 as food. We dare not apply in- secticides to poison them, lest their eff fleets should remain and render the grass and hay unfit for subsequent feed- ing. Upon one of these strips plaster might be employed; upon the next line, upon another ashes, and upon fourth road dust, if it is procurable. These ap. plications should be made while the dew was on the grass, or after rain, and re. newed, if washed by rain. The effect of the several applications should be no- ticed. and if effectual, that which gives the best result should be adopted. Any other article which may give promise of being serviceable should be experiment. ed with. The application of salt would probably be useless, for army-worm in, vasion has frequently been formidable upon lands, adjoining our sea coasts"
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
Gnnd AdYioa.

NCW fs the time Of the year for Pneumo- mia, Lung Fever, etc. Every family should have bottle of BoscHEE's GERMAN STRUT. Don't allow for one moment Mat cough to take hold of your child, your family or yourself Consumption, Asthma, Pneumo- mia, Group, Hemmorrhages, and other fatal diseases may set in. Although it is true GERMAN SYRUP is curing thousands of these dreaded diseases, yet it is much better to have it at hand when three doses will cure you One bottle will last your whole family a winter and keep you safe from danger. If you are consumptive do not rest until you have tried this remedy. Sample bottle, 1C cents. Regular size 75 cents. Sold by your Druggist.
The Russellville Democrat., 1881-07-21
FOR THE CHILDREN.
Helping Mother-"stop That QuarreIIing--
 The Girl Who Is Always Good.

The Giri Who IS Always Goou.
 The Nursery.
 When we first came here to live, the fot next to ours was vacant; but after wards house was built on it, and the boys were very much interested in the progress of the building. Often, when obliged to stay in doors, they would sit by the window, watching the work or the "new house," as they called it.
 MT. Little, the owner of the house was an old acquaintance of ours, and very fond of children. So occasionally when he came to oversee the work, would allow the boys to go up and see him; and he would give them a few nails, or some blocks to play with.
 One day, MT. Little called their at tention to the wood which the carpen- ters had thrown aside as rubbish, and told them he was going to pick up some of it, and send it home to burn; land now, boys" said MT. Little, Eff you would like to help your mother, here is chance to get her some kindling-wood You may come every day, and get all you can carry home."
 They came home delighted with the plan; and the next morning, as soon as breakfast was done, they were ready to begin their work. The two oldest boys took their wheelbarrows, and theyoung. est one his cart, and off they started. could see them from my window, work ing very diligently, and they soon came back, each with good-sized load.
 They knocked at the back.door, and asked me where I would have my wood put. l told them they could put it in the cellar, and opened the outside cellar. door for them. Each one threw out his load, and started for another; and SC they kept at work nearly the whole forenoon.
 They continued to work in this way for week, sometimes getting one load day, and sometimes four or five; and every night, when their papa came home, they invited him down cellar to see how much wood they had.
 In little room back of the parlor there was an old-fashioned fireplace, in which, when the evenings began to grow cool, papa would build up nice fire, just after supper. Then he would sit down in the firelight with the boys and tell them stories till their bed-time greatly to their delight.
 So you see they had reward for their labor, besides having the satisfaction ol knowing that they helped their mother