The Weekly Kansas chief. [volume] (Troy, Kan.) 1872-1918, 1881-10-13
SOCIALISM.
1e.i Day NJ Righissa U.iver.i.r, Is.e sss.
1851.

Men are fond Of change. This propensity in the
individual is gratied by travel, and assuming new
relations in the body polite society," by establish
ing new Institutions The final cause of this tenden-
cy in the mind Of allwise Creator, we infer to be
to stimulate curiosity which lies at the foundation
of the acquisition of all knowledge. But like all
other emotions Of the mind, it is capable of abuse
Changes can be wrought, which, though they please
by their novelty, disastrous the persons affect
ed by them. For want Of the exercise Of good judg
ment the passion is indulged the expense Of real
Improvements This il true of the State and soeie-
ty Of the individual But if it is n duty in indi-
vidual action carefully to compare the motives of
| novelty and utility, how much more imperative il
the duty with regard to institutions and soeial
reformi Socialism constitutes of these proposed
reforms in society The question for to consider
IT, shall accept il q form Of society superisr
the one now establishedi In order to discuss this
question inteliigently knowledge Of its history is
requisite.
The remote origin Of Soeialistie ideas was the
French Revolution, begun i'm 1888. That deep dis
content, which due to oppression by the aristoc-
| ra:y, and tyranny by weak and foolish King, due
to e-orbant taxation and above ALL to the reports
from across the of the ardent eIertions Of the
American patriot for freedom found vent under the
leadership of such men Danton and Robespierre,
in acts of bloodshed and violence which scarce
ly find parallel in the annals Of civilized nations.
When this quelled and that splendid organizer,
Napoleon, had restord to the nation comparative
prosperity, Individuasm, rather than socialism, pre-
vailed, and Of the common proverbs WAS EVERY
man for himself, and God for ALL But . number
| Of philosophers, among whom Owen, Fourier and
st. Simon stand prominent, thinking that they
lesson to he learned from the French Revolution,
advocated the abolition Of the form Of society
and first proclaimed the cardinal doctrine Of Social
ism, making all property common to all men. These
agitators found many disciples, especially among
young men. Owen, in order to put this theory into
practice organized three separate communities, at
different times hav 1g their property in common.
They complete failures. The disciples of Four
Ter and St. Simon also knowing that example is bet
ter than precept, made five six distinct attempts
to establish permanently q society upon Socialisto
principles, all of which came to naught.
We come to the time of the Peace League.
and the Socialist Workingmen's Association Of the
| international. The advocates Of Socialism had be-
come numerous, that it was thought organization
would effect what individual effort could not. The
Socialist Workinsmen's Association Of the Interna-
t.onal, the handspring Of the movement during the
last Few years, established in 1864. The first
Congress, consisting of delegates from all parts Of
/
Italian Karl Marx, the German, and Baxunin, the
Russian, leaders. After the organization of
this society, strikes and other agatons, continually
recurring, testified its influence among workngmen.
| A mild panic took possession Of many subjects and
governments; of subjects, to uphold these the
ories, and of governments to repress them. Rulers
cast about every side to find some means to
dy the evil This nOnstrous growth appears to have
been indigenous to France, for there these ideas
were Immediately put in practice, and brooked no
opposition as was manifested in the strikes Rouen
and St. Etienne and extensively in the TRACE
dies Of 1873, reacted on the Communistc stage of
| 1871. In Germany, also, rapid progress has been
mndc by the Socialists. Two attempts have been
made on the life of the Emperor. In 1873 there
were seyenty-iye Socalistic publications, and 1885,
900 regular subscribers In Russia political unrest
owing to the agitation of recent reforms, such the
patton OF the serfs the late with Turkey,
and the vacillatins policy of the Government with
resar to educational Matters has greatly strength
ened the of the Socialists or the are called
| there, Nihilists. Although no open and violent
| demonstration has been made, many officials and
promnet men have been assassnated. The at
tempt 10 Kill the Gar, about three months ago. re-
suited in The sovereign has entrenched
himself in what he supposes to be an inaccessible
place. but is in constant fear of poison and other
Of treachery. The Nihiliss, well organized, de-
terniiheu anu orai'e VIII, Is tnou.ht' uitnia'ey
succeed IN eieeling political II not social reVoiu
ton In the United States' SOCIALISTS nave not been
ule' An ihcessint stream Oh Immigration mas ho'
iaiied 10 orihS not ie~ Oh this Class VINO WISH 70
accomplish mere what tney nave hi'nefto iaeo 10
| III Europe. Inc conspicuous resui. mas peen INC
strikes oil ~ with their attendant horrors. area'
| interest IN TINS excitement was manifested IN En
rome aud contributions were made by the Socialists
ior tue stnLers' ana &nn' they 'ermea 'he
NOME MasVreS' ihis Is 'ne ""iA vi 'ne iH'ei
| hauohal- anu we 10 not "ohuer' "hen VIC sec Inc
following COMMUNICATION IRON one OF 'he members
Oh that associauoh; starting IN "erhany twenty
years ago. the creation Oh MARI Marx 1t now counts
us iOur Aiihons oi menoefs' iori'ns a ioi'e ae
large as al 'ne scanning armies Vi tne "oriu, nhu
resolved 10 sec J"s,'ee uone' .no"sn 'no nea'eh'
iai' Inc international i'seh Is now sunefs
| slow DEATH out the aStatioh II mas produced mas
gwen rise 10 similar soeeties' uo'hs sinhar WORK
lhe siipation Is ihdeea alarming Apparently 'ne
more 'ne Soeiiis's "ie oppo'e1' .ne nioie
anu determined 'hey become. .An II DC una. tne
fundamental principles Oh socialism are 'rue "na'
its are nhS oee unio'aeu IN tn'
history OF the movement Socialism properly de-
nned' mas reference ohiy so tne ai'isioh Vi
but, popuiariy defined, 1t diners very ht'ie from
Communism and Nihiiism, whose oplee's are, inc
overthrow oil all relicon' the aoohtion oil marriage
the suppression OF existing governments anu 'ne
common possession oil properly. In the Subsequent
discussion, let the worn ooeiisn oe unuerstoou us
used with the pop lar sighincauon' Socihnss are
divided INTO Two classes Win regard 10 ,he means
| to be employed IN the DIVISION Oh properly Aecor
ding to one class, 1t shall be effected by dividing
civilized nations into small societies, living in limit
ed districts, called "eom"unes; out according 10