davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
New and stale Bread.

The nature of the difference be-
tween new and stale bread is far
from being known. 1t is only lately
that the celebrated French chemist,
Boussingault, instituted an inquiry
into it. from which it results that
the difference is not the consequence
of desiccation, but solely of the
cooling of the bread. If we take
fresh bread into the cellar or in any
place where it cannot dry, the inner
part of the loaf. it is true, is found
to be GRUMPY, but the crust has be-
come soft and is no longer brittle.
If stale bread is taken back into the
oven again il assumes all the quail
ties of fresh baked bread, although
in the hot oven il must undoubtedly
have lost part of its moisture. Nj.
Boussingault has made fresh loaf
of bread the subject of minute in
vestigation, and the results are any
thing but uninteresting. New bread,
i'm its smallest parts, is so soft, clam
nv, flexible aud glutinous, Gn con
sequence of the starch during the
process of fermenting and baking
being changed into mucilaginous
dextrine) that by mastication il is
with greater difficulty separated and
reduced to smaller pieces, and in its
smallest parts is less under the in
fluence of the saliva and digestive
juices. 1t consequently forms itself
into hard balls by careless and hasty
mastication and deglutition, becomes
coated over by saliva and slime, and
i'm this state enters the stomach.
The gastric juice being unable to
penetrate such hard masses, and be-
ing scarcely able even TO act upon
the surface of them, they frequently
remain i'm the stomach unchanged,
and, like foreign bodies, irritate and
incommode it, inducing every spe-
cies of neutrality-suspicious. of the
stomach, pain in the chest, disturbed
circulation of the blood, congestions
and pains in the head, irritation of
the brain, and Inflammation, apo
plectic attacks, cramp aud delirium.
The Miller.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
Suow and sickness.

When the ground hardens and the
snow falls and covers the earth,
people say it is fine, healthy, braclng
weather. And so it is, as long as 1t
is cold and dry. 1t is this prolong-
cold, dry weather that makes Min
pesota such a desirable residence in
winter, despite its artic cold. But
lust as sure as snow falls it must
melt and disappear, and here Is
where danger comes. Observation
and statistics conducted with the
most rigid care demonstrate that
cold, moist weather. such as Is COM
mon at the disappearance OF snow,
is the most prolific factor IN the
death rate. This high rate is from
diphtheria, measles, rheumatism and
heart diseases. And next, when
after this kind of weather there
comes a warm and damp spell scar
LET fever and its related diseases
have their turn. 1t is diphtheria
and measles in the one case ana
scarlet fever in the other, all the
special enemies of the children. so
far as individual effort can serve to
mitigate the evil or avoid the dan
ger. il is to be found in the careful
and prompt removal of the snow
from all places where drainage is
defective about the house. Ot
course the alleys and streets will not
be cleaned, for this is not provided
for. and what little protection is
practicable is about the house and
the pavements and walks lfa band
of guerrillas, or chicken thieves or
burglars are about, the town rises
in arms, employs special watchmen
or mobilizes the police, but here
where a worse than gang of wild
beasts attacks the children every
wear, and often each season, mum
icipal wisdom has not only left them
defenceless, but by careful strategy
has left the lives of the little ones
utterly without defence, other than
drugs.-KdaSaS city Journal
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
Everyday HerOism.

One of the life saving stations on
the California coast has been Off
cially named the Maggie Geddes." !"
A little girl of that name in San
Antonio, aged 9 years, seeing play
mate fall into a mill race, leaped in,
and, with great decision and cool
ness, succeeded i'm swimming with
her ashore.
Another little girl, year youn-
ger, in one of our New England
towns, sprang into the river few
weeks ago and rescued her baby
brother from drowning, carrying
him in her arms through the swift
current, which reached her chin.
Now it was a graceful act of he
roism for the government to give
the name of little Maggie Geddes to
a life-saving station, and it is right
that these little heroines should be
held up as examples of unselfish de-
votion TO other girls and boys; al
ways provided that the right lesson
is drawn from their story.
Not many men, and very few chill
dren, ever have the chance TO save
another life at the risk of their own.
Such supreme opportunities come
but seldom. But every child should
remember that just as much unsel-
fishness. devotion and cool presence
of mind can be shown in the little
incessant matters of every day, as
go to make up some great, heroic
deed.
In reasons eve, il is not the size,
nor the dramatic effect Of the action
which counts, but the motive.
Many a young girl patiently bear.
ing the cares of a disorganiZed
household, or the pevishness of an
invalid parent, brother or sister
many a boy bringing indomitable
cheerfulness and love to the help oi
his tired mother-is entitled TO more
admiration and respect, aud is just
as heroic, as if in a spasmodic pas
sion of courage they hsd momen-
tarily faced death for those they
loved. The Opposition.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
Vick's Illustrated Floral Guide

For 1881 is an Elegant Book of 10
Pages, One ColOred Flower Plate,
and 600 Illustrations, with Descrip-
tions of the best Flowers and Veg
etables, and Directions for growing.
Only 10 cents. la English or Ger
man. If you afterwards order seeds
deduct the 10 cents.
Vick's Seeds are the best in the
world. The FLORAL GUIDE will tell
how to get and grow them.
Vick's Flower and Vegetable
Garden, l75 Pages, 6 Colorod Plates,
500 Engravings. For 80 cents in
paper covers 81 90 in elegant cloth.
In German or English.
Vjck's illustrated Monthly Mag
azine-32 Pages, Il Colored Plate in
every number and many fine En-
cravings. Price sl.25 year; Five
Copies for $500. Specimen Num-
bers sent for 10 cents 3 trial copies
for % cents.
Address, JAMES ViOK,
Rochester, N, Y.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
The sexes i'm Education.

In a speech al dinner OF the
friends of female school i'm Ando-
yer, Mass, Rev. DIR. Peabody, OF
Harvard University, speaking oil CO.
education, said: The question that
first presents itself is, Shall The eo-
ucation OF young men and young
women be in all respects the same Z
would answer yes, if their destiny
in life, if their native proclivity and
capacity, if the parts that they, IN
Divine Providence, are 10 fill In the
world were the same. But because
they are not the same, | cannot but
think that there will be fittingly
diversity in the modes of training.
The question is sometimes raised OF
the equality of men and women. |
don't like the word. Equivalency
is the word, and that | maintain in
the fullest sense. | admit no differ
euce in the worth of native endow-
ments and capacities, and if | admit
any difference as to the extent OF
influence, as to the amount of good
work done in the world, il must be
on the side of women certainly.
But | believe that woman cannot
learn aud do equally well with wo-
man all things that she learns and
does. His is the wider, hers the
richer field. His is the strength of
reasoning, hers the quicker intuition
and clearer insight; his the more
mastery of abstract sciences, hers
the far finer seeing nature, the Keen
er sense of beauty in art and in
literature, and the largest capacity
of culture in all that pertains to the
beauty, charm, ornament, and JOY OF
home society. would not have the
same culture pursued by both, for |
should dread to find always in the
parlor duplicate or the counting
room or Office. There must be a
difference of culture corresponding
To the differences of position in So
ciety. There are some vOcations Of
men which certainly il is not becom-
ing that women should follow.
There are others in which, for OBJ
vious reasons, they cannot compete
successfully with men. There are
others in order to pursue which they
must forget that which is more fit
ting-their first province, the orna-
ment Of home life. However, these
two lines of culture, or the two fields
of culture, intersect each other in
many points, and have great deal
im common. Certainly it would
benefit young men were their scien-
tific culture of higher order than
il is wont to be, and believe that
Young women are largely benefited
by a more thorough course thar US
ual Of scientific study"
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
More Thorough Education.

The propriety of teaching every
young person some useful Occupa-
ton while attending school, or at
least during school years, is again
attracting attention. Young men
who grow up in cities and villages
are afforded excellent opportunities
of acquiring a book education. But
that alone does not qualify them to
earn an Independent living and be-
come useful citizens. The many
thousands of boys now attending
school in cities and villages cannot
all find employment as clerks, sales
men, merchants, lawyers and ply
sicians.
Every young man, regardless Of
the pecunisry circumstances of his
parents, should be trained to some
useful occupation-should be quail
fed to earn a living with his hands
if necessary. The public, however,
cannot make provision for giving
instruction in manual labor--in the
mechanics arts, or in agriculture.
That is something that the p,.rents
or the boys themselves must look
after; and every school boy who
tries can readily find an instructor
in some branch of handiwork.
Boys from fourteen to twenty who
attend school should spend from
four to six months in learning a
trade, or i'm work on a farm. They
should not expect to be paid for
their work, at least during the first
and second years. City parents who
can efford to, should send their sons
to the country during vacations,
both winter and summer, where
they will be instructed in handling
horses, feeding stock, and in the cul-
tivation of the earth; and, above all,
where they will be afforded oppor-
tunities to think opportunities
which boys reared exclusively in
cities seldom enjoy.
The walks of professional life
are already overcrowded. There are
about three times as many compe-
tent clerks as there are clerkships,
and competent salesmen are almost
as numerous as customers. But no
matter what may be the prospects,
aims or expectations of a young man,
his education is never complete so
long as he is incapable of earning a
living with his hands. Young men
should note the fact that almost
without exception eminent and sue
cessful physicians, lawyers, college
professors, bankers, merchants and
statesmen are skilled workers as
agriculturists, or in some branch OF
mechanism,
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

cessity i'm the house as upon the
farm. A woman does not grudge
the money expended for machinery
in carrying on the business of the
farm, and if she did il would prob
ably make no difference, and it Is
Just that she, too, should avail her
self of the helps that Tighten the
labors of her department. Spirits
of Ammonia is useful in expediting
the tiresome business of house
cleaning. And it does not cost but
little, yet how very few housewives
ever think of availing themselves of
its assistance, because forsooth, II
costs much; and just the same with
other articles of utility, and a wife
will make a martyr of herself by
scrubbing and working, even unto
death, to save little expense.
Ii is a woman's privilege, too, to
have resting hours. The law of
custom allows men an hours noon
ing each working day; but where
does a woman's incoming come in?
No one ever thinks of letting the
dinner table stand while little rest
is taken, and it is just as needful for
women to rest from their labors as
for men, and if they would only
assert their privilege they could, as
matter of course, enjoy il. Men
are not at all bashful about claiming
their rights and privileges, and there
is no mortal reason why women
should not claim theirs also, when
their health and comfort both de-
mand il. They will fret over their
tasks. complain of the thoughtless-
ness of the men and boys, but do
not do the first thing to help them
selves, or make a change for the
better; and, in fact, husbands and
fathers do NOT think about it-that
is Just where the trouble lies. They
have no idea that they are hard
task masters; il is really no special
design on their part; their attention
has not been called to the matter
II is simply because women do not
like TO call their attention to il that
men are so needless Of their needs
aud comfort and il lies i'm the hand-
of women themselves, in a great
measure, whether they will make
their work easy by claiming the
privileges which are rightly theirs.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
Household Right. Of Women.

No one who has not been tried
can imagine the discomfort and in
convenience that results from irreg-
ularity in regard to meals. The
whole business of the day is broken
up by the tardiness OF part of the
members of the family, aud il is un-
just 10 practice il; and yet many
men who would chafe and fret il
their business was delayed never
give a thought TO the fact that il is
just ss incOnvenient for their wives
to wait for them. Order is the first
Law of nature, and il should be the
same in families. A regular day and
hour for especial purposes make
homework easier aud far more
pleasant, and this order should be
recognized by each individual in the
family, aud il is the mistress's privi-
lege to insist upon her rights in this
respect.
Agsin, the various contriyances
and improvements for making
housework less lsborious, and there
by saving both time sud strength.
should be considered ss great q ne
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
How 20 Get Rich.

Everybody wants to get rich'
Almost ANYBODY can become rich II
he likes to apply himself to the
matter. The trouble is that every
one wants to get rich at once and
without exertion. Many seek to do
this by speculation. If person had
obtained control of 100000 bushels
of wheat on Saturday last, which
could have been done by putting up
a margin of one cent per bushel, he
would have made $1,000 by Monday,
and would have received back his
margin less the brokers' commission
This would be reasonable profit
for a days work at doing nothing.
If he held on till Tuesday $1,000 Of
his profit would have been wiped
out, and probably by tomorrow he
would have lost his margin aud ev-
erything else beside. Still people
only look On the gaining side of the
matter, and thousands are striving
to get rich in this way. One out OF
every thousand will probably sue
ceed. A gentleman Of Detroit, who
is worth over 100000, gives his ex-
perience i'm getting rich, and the
beauty of his plan is that 999 out of
1000 can, by fair management, get
reasonably "well off," while many
will become rich. He says: "Y oung
man, save one-third Of your earn
ings. If you get $6 week, pretend
that you get only 81 and put away
the other 50. On no acconnt touch
that reserve fund to spend cent OF
il, but when it gets big enough put
it in lO-per-cent. mortgage. Ten
percent. mortgages, with first-class
security, are not so hard to find as a
person might think. Add the in.
terest to the reserve fund and keep
on putting 1t out on mortgages.
This method is slow but it is sure.
Detroit Free Press.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

Correct speech is such an indis-
putable mark of lady or gentle
man that it cannot be too often re-
peated that the true standard 'of
is one in which all
marks Of a particular place of birth
and residence are lost, and in which
nothing appears to indicate any
habits of intercourse other than with
the well-bred and well-informed
wherever they may be found. La
the mstter Of accent, vocabulary and
pronunciation, the aim ought TO be
avoid sll that is local, affected or
vulgar. Let no trsnsgressors i'm
sgine they can escape with impuh-
ity. Their speech will be'rsy them,
and even well educated children
will be merry and sstirieai over
them behind their backs.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
Every Family. without ExceP-
tiOn,

In City, Village, and Country, will
find it highly useful to constantly
read the american Agricultm'ist. II
abOunds in plain, practicable, rettd-
Die information, most valuable for
Indoor as well as Outdoor work
and comfort, and its 500 to 1000
Original Engravings in every vol
ume are both pleasing and instruct
i've. In this respect it is pre-emi-
nent and stands alone, and it should
have a place in every Household, no
matter how many other journals are
taken. Its illustrated Department
for Youth and Children. contains
much information as well as amuse-
ment. Its Humbug exposures are
invaluable to all classes. The cost
is very low, only $3.50 from now to
the end of 1881, or four copies for
$5. Single numbers, 15 cents. One
specimen, 6 cents. Take our advice
and subscribe nOU for volume 40
QSSD. Orange Judd Company,
Publishers, 245 Broadway, New
York. COLUMBUS JOURNAL and Aq-
ricnltWrtSt one year, postpaid, $500.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

Neither OF them was over ten years
old. One leaned against the fence
and the other rubbed his back against
4 lamp-post, aud they eyed each
other for Il l0ug lime. Then one OF
them said my mother has got d
new sealskin sacque, and yours
bsinf" II don't care" replied the
other. "she frizles her hair aud uses
psint. and that's just as tony"
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

The tallest trees i'm the world are
i'm Australia. A fallen tree in Gipps-
land measured four hundred and
thirty five feet from the root to the
highest point of the branches. An
other standing in the Dundenong
district, in Victoria, is estimated to
be four hundred and fifty feet from
the ground to the top.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

Teacher-"Suppose that you have
two sticks of candy and your big
brother gives you two more, how
many have you then? Little boy
(shaking his head)--" You don't
know him; he amt that kind of
a bow"
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

"Did you break that window,
boy ?" said the grocer, catching hold
of the fleeing urchin. "Yes, sir. F."
"What dye mean, then, by running
off i'm this manner?" "Please, sir,
was running home to get the money.
| was 'fraid If | didn't run quick |
might forget"
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

81 think" said fond Galveston
parent, "thst little Jimmy is going
to be poet when he grows up. He
doesn't eat, and sits all day by the
stove and thinks, and thinks.
"You had better grease him all over
lie is going to have the measles
That's what ails Jimmy."-GalUes.
ton Ne,Cs
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

When boy walks with girl as
though he was afraid some one
might see him, the girl is his sister.
Ii he walks so close to her as
to nearly crowd her against the
fence, is another fellows sister.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

A little Georgia boy who wrote TO
SAINTS Clans for a pony ~as Wise
enoDsh 10 add: "poscrit u be is
a mule, Pies ~ bis behine legs"
This little boy, il Should be remArk
ed has been 10 olher animai sla@s
besides The circus.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

An iBquiring man thrust biz M
gers into q horses mouth TO see bo"
many teeth il had, and the horse
closed its mouth 10 see how man!
fingers the man had. The curiosity
Of both wac fully satisfied.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

"Now, my little boys and girls"
said a teacher, 81 want you to be
very still-so still that you can hear
pin drop" In a minute all was
silent; when a little boy shrieked
out, "Let her drop!"
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12

PROF. GTILMETTE'S FRENCH LIVER PAD.
Cake
and all
by
Coum Nrb.
The Columbus journal., 1881-01-12
ADVERTISING

In its columns always brings its
reward. Business is business, and
those who wish TO reach the solid
people of Central Nebraska will
hnd the columns of the JOURNAL a
splendid medium.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-10-08
The Green Mountain BOY Again.

Returns have just been received from
the last shipment of fifteen tons and
fifteen hundred pounds of Green Noun
tain Boy ore, to Golden, and the figures
are better than anything received yet,
by about six dollars per ton. The re-
turn for the shipment was S1,365.
some statements have been given cir
culation that this valuable ore body
was playing out, and that this fact was
the cause of the recent rest in opera
tions. But the untruth of this becomes
apparent when it is known that the
drift has been carried in twenty-four
feet further, and this last shipment Of
ore is from this cutting. Such figures
as these bespeak a boom for Laramie
county.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-10-08

The following sales of live stock were
made in Chicago for parties in this
section, and reported by telegraph FRI
day, 7th inst:
Wood Bros. sold thirteen cars for
Pratt, averaging 1880 pounds, at "a. 25;
ten cars for Paxton. averaging 1910
pounds, $4.05; twenty-six cars of Texas
catt'e rer Jlo.sssn, Averaging $50 lbs,
at So. u; ten cars for Paxton, averaging
1040 pounds, at $4.00; three cars, av-
eraging 1920 pounds, at 1890; eleven
cars for Durfee, averaging 900 pounds,
at 1856.
Rosenbaum, Bass & Co. sold four cars
for Bronson, natives, averaging 1l30
pounds, at S4.05; five cars, averaging
1120 pounds, at So. 90; ten cars of Texas
cattle, averaging $40 pounds, at SO. SO;
cattle. averaging 100 pounds. at 3.35;
two cars of cows. averaging $40 pounds,
at $3.15; ten cars for Mather, Robin
son q Co., averaging 11s0 pounds. at
1925; two cars of cows, averaging $50
pounds. at s3.15.
Geo. Adams, Burke s. Bro. sold for
Sturgis three cars, averaging 1130 lbs,
ut $3.85; three cars, averaging 1880
pounds, at 1915; three cars, averaging
$50 pounds, at 1880; six cars, averag-
ing ITO pounds. at So. so; three cars.
averaging 1920 pounds. at $3.50; one
car, averaging 1880 pounds, at 1926;
three cars for Player, averaging 1850
pounds. at S4.25; five cars, averaging
$50 pounds, at SO. 90; one car, averag-
ing 920 pounds. at $3.50; seven cars,
averaging $40 pounds, at $3.50.
Brown, Price 81 Co. sold for LOOMS
one car at s4.25@s4.40; two cars. az
eraging go pounds, at 50. so; one car,
averaging $50 pounds, at 1926.
Palmer, Richman & Co. sold fifteen
cars for Carpenter, averaging 1120 lbs.
at $3.50.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-10-08
Rieck, and will accompany the remain.

Rieck, and will accompany the remain.
home.
Mrs. Risck was well known in chey-
enRe, and was highly esteemed by a
large circle Of aequaintsnees- Her
affable manners. excellent culture. and
noble qualities of heart and mind. en-
deared her to all who made her acquain-
lance. In enterprises for charitable
and church purposes she was always
prominent as a hard worker and sue
cessful manager. Her loss will be
greatly mourned by this community.
In common with the friends Of the
family. the LEADER extends its SYM
pathy to the bereaved husband and
daughter in this, their overwhelming
afiiction.
The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870-1884, 1881-10-08

The extension of the U. p. railway
from Julesburg to Denver has been
completed, and has been opened to
freight traffic for several days, and
proves in grade and shortening of dis
lance to be a One train has
recorded a trip from Omaha to Denver
in 81 hours; and the time for the pass
enger run has been placed at "a hours.
As yet the branch has not been opened
for passenger traffic, but new coaches
from the Pullman shops, and new en-
gines specially ordered for this route
are daily expected in Omaha, and 1t is
thought that passenger trains will be
running about November LIST.