davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
Multiplication by NIachinery,

| Dir. Ramon Verea, q Spanish resident O
New York, has been devoting his Leisure
hours for several years in developing ,
machine tha: will multiply and divide, ant
has finally succeeded. 1t will prodncc ,
product having fifteen figures, and the fac
| tors may be of nine or less than six figures
a turn of small crank once for cacl
| figure in the multlplicr displays the produc
on disk. The work is almost instantauc
Gus and the accuracy of it unimpcachabe
The machine consists of ten circular plates
placed vertically, and on tho edge O! cacl
are figures from l to 0 inclusive and zero.
On the sides Of these plates arc points
which form IN substance a multiplication
table. Suppose is to be multiplied by s.
The first plate is turned 80 that 8 shows
on top; the other factor is thcu shown on
wheel belonging to a similar set as those
on which nine is shown. When tho crank
is turned the multiplication plato turns
SIX ninths OF a revolution and q point on
the fourth conccntric circle of points on
tho SIDE OF the plate is presented on one
side and point on the fifth concentric cir
Gle on the other. These two points meet
each small tongue which operates upon
The product box, where the result is direct
ly shown. The mechanism by which the
product is recorded is too complicated to
admit OF description except at great
length. There arc series Of wheels
worked upon each Of them, graduated as
to size and shape with the conccntric cir
cles on the plates. 1t might be said that
In the multiplication tho additions neccs.
sary arc made simultaneously with the
multiplication. For example, multiplying
6G by the process Is 7 times are 40, 7
times are 35 and 4 are 30-product 392.
with the machine the work ls instantanc-
GUS. When the wheel is turned the record
is first made Of AZ and then Of SO The
figure IN the last OF 35, that is the s, is at
once added to the figure in the place of
the tens Of the other number, and the ell
tire product "bobs up serencly" rs the
crank completes the revolution. If the
multiplicr were a double number, say 5G
by u, another tnrn Of the crank would
make the multiplication and addition COM
rlctc. 10 prove the operation pressing Il
button throws into gear new set of
wheels, and Il turn Of the cral reduces all
the numbers in the product box to zero
should not the zero ut once appear it
would prove the original operation was
wrong.
Dir. Verca explains that he did not make
The machine either to sell its patcnt or TO
put 1t into use, but simply to show that it
was possible that n Spaniard could invent
as well as an American. A number of tests
that were made in the presence of a reporter
and other visitors were conducted with
facility and accuracy. The operation of
multiplying 900, 900 by 5000 was correct
ly performed by the machine while the
reporter ana an accountant were trying to
write out the product which they had al
ready arrived at by mental process.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05

Tho CROWN of the Gun.

Hunting for game was practiscd with
bow and arrow only, until in the sixteenth
century the Spaniards contrived the argue
buss or matchbox. Here the match was
htted to "serpcntin" or cock, hung upon
p PxH a1S S Hss9%Hht %5fa ing aSnat P he
same as that Of the modern hammer and
trigger. This was further improved by the
German invention Of a steel wheel with
scrrated edge, fitted to spring, and made
to revolve rapidly, the edge coming in con-
tact with piece of pyrites, and by this
friction producing the sparks, to ignite the
primng. The use of the whccl-lock for
sporting purposes was very general in
tho middle of the sixteenth century, and
for long time was not improved upon.
But necessity is the mother of invention.
A band of Dutch chicken stealcrs or of
Spanish marauders-lt is disputed which,
being too poor to provide themselves with
tho high priced wheel-lock, and afraid to
use the matchbox because its light revealed
their whereabouts to the minlons of the law
abstaincd from their evil practices long
enough to devise weapon better adapted
to the needs of roost robbers. The result
was the flint lock; and the pot-huntlng fra
ternity scored long credit mark. The
sportsmen of our grandfathers' generation
owed the mechanism of their guns to q
band of poultry thieves; there is yet hope
for the cclorcd brother.
The flint-lock reached its perfection in
the hands cf "that king of gun makers :"
Joseph Mar ton, in the early part of the
present century, and it gave way only to a
worthy superior IN the modern gun cxplo-
dcd by percussion.
The discovery of Illuminating powders
and their application to gunncry mark q
most important epoch in the manufacture
and employment Of firearms. The charge
in the gun was at first placed above the
Illuminating powder which was ignitcd by
the coucussion of IN iron plungcr struck
by a cock. Then this plungcr was dispensed
with, and the illuminate was simply placed
in the flash pan. The successive steps are
familiar to almost all gunncrs: the priming
was placed between two bits Of paper and
called perc ussion pellets; the illuminate was
affixed to the brccch Of the newly invented
cartridge and fired by penetrating needle;
then came the copper cap; and then the
eliminating improvement Of the cartridge
containing both the charge and the printing,
and ignitcd at first by the pin and after
ward rim fire and central fire principle
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
The New York Fross.

A writer in the Troy I1n,cS says it is a
frequent subject of comment, but the
wealth of the cpress, as well as Its circulation
affords figures of startling amount. In
1916 the senior Bennett, for the purpose of
creating sensation, advertised the Her,
a1 for sale. In order to display the i'm
mense value Of his establishment he placed
the terms at what then appeared an cx.
travagant rate, the price named being
$l25, 900. This offer read in the Hca'ala
of that day, but at present the same es-
tabishment would be cheap at 81, 600, -
900. The Times, which was started
on 800, 900, is now worth 81 $50, 900;
the Tribune ard the World are now each
worth $500,000 while the Journal of
Commerce Is valued at double that sum.
Hugh Hastings, when approached with a
proposal for tho sale of the CO71lanerci0I
Advertiser, mentioned 5000, 900, but as
the terms were not accepted, he felt re-
leased from the delay and withdrew from
the proposed TRANSACTION, The amount of
capital invested in the daily papers of this
city is probably not less than $4,000,
900. In Benefits early days, however,
they could all havo been bought for one
sixteenth that sum. The real value was
probably as follows: Herald 1876, 900,
Tribune, SIC, 900, Journal Of Con,nacrce
$50, 900, Courier and .-EnQuarer, $780,
900, SIN, $25, 900. Evening Post and
Commercial advertiser each $40,
The C0urie, was discontinued by It's pro-
prictor (James Watson Webb at the be.
ginning of the rebellion, when journalism
became Improbable, and he had fine
diplomatic appointment. l believe, how.
ever, that he always regretted this step,
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
Comedy OF Errors,

a most ridiculous scene occurred at q
church in Newcastle. A policeman was
passing the church, as q gentleman came out.
The mau jokingly accostc ted the policeman,
and SAID he was wanted inside, meaning
that the minister would be glad to have him
turn from the error of his ways, and seek
the truth and enjoy peace that passcth
all understanding. The stupid policeman
thought there was some trouble in the
church, 80 he went in. The sexton, seeing
the policeman, was anxious to give him a
favorable seat, 50 he sald 'Comc right in
mere, and took HIM to a pew and waved
his hand rs much rs to say, ''lIclp your
SELL" There was another man in the pow,
deacon with sinister expression, as the
policemen thought, and no supposed that
was the man they wanted arrested, so he
tapped the deacon Oh the arm and told him
to come along, The deacon turned pale
and edged along as though to get away,
when the policeman took him by the col
lar and jcrkcd him out into the aisle.
The deacon struggled thinking the police
man was crazy, and tried to get away, but
he was dragged along. Many of the con-
gregation thought the deacon had been do
ing something wrong, and some of them
got behind the deacon and helped the oili-
Ger fire HIM out Arriving ut the lock up
the policeman saw the man who told him
he was wanted in the church and asked
him what the charge was against the dca-
con, and he dldn' know, 80 the sexton
was appealed to-, and he didn't know, and
bnally the prisoner was asked what it was
all about, and he didn't know. The DO
liceman was asked what he arrested the
man for, and he didn't know, and after
awhile the matter was explained, and the
policeman, who had to arrest somebody,
took the man into custody who told him
he was wanted in the church, and he was
fined five dollars and COSTS lie says he will
never try TO convert policeman again, and
the policeman says he will never 60 into Il
church again If they are knocking each
other down with hymn books.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
Tho Magic of Numbers

Numbers arc supposed TO be Of magic
import and have been used from time i'm
memorable for purposes of divination. -
Different nations set different store on
numbers. The Bcdui of Java regard the
number one of the supcrstiOns. One day,
for instance, is appropriated for carrying
home the grain, and what cannot he car.
rcd home that day is left TO waste in tho
field.
Several nations regard three as the M ost
important number. According to the
Brahmins there are three supreme powers,
a creating, preserving and destroying.
Among the ancient Greeks there was
magic number; Jupiter had his triform
symbol, or three forked lightning. Ncp-
tune the trident, and Pluto, the dog Ccrbo-
rus with thrt heads. The Rpsicrucians held
that there were three orders of angels, tho
Tcrephim, the Scraphim, and the Chcru-
BIN. The Mag presented three gifts, gold
myrrh and franknccnsc, which Chrysostom
says sigmfled that Christ was man, King
and God.
The Pythagoreans held four to be sacred
and swore by that number. The rabblnical
writer's thought that six was the important
number. They say that the world was
created IN six days, a servant had to serve
six years, the soil was tailed Six years, and
Job had six trlbulatlons Iii Romo six
was ominous of evil.
Seven Is regarded rs number OF strong
import. Naaman was told to wash IN JOr-
dan seven times. Elijah sent his scr van,
seven times to look for rain. Jericho was
cncompasscd seven times and Jacob scrv &c
seven years for each of his wives. 1t is
believed that the constitution changes every
seven years and that trouble ends after
seven years. The seventh son Of the sev.
cnth son is born physician. and can eeme
times heal by the power Of touch; and the
seventh daughter of the seventh daughtcl
sets up her claims as a sccress
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
Watches which Gain or LOso.

a watch which gains In regular manner
is superior to any whose variation is I'M.
certain, and where its variation comes to
be familiar, the little companion may vic
with the most dclicatcly adjusted ships
chrOnometcr.
a skllltul matchmaker one day thus
reasoned with customer who complained
OF his watch. "You complained" said he,
tnat your watch gains minute month.
wei, then, you will congratulate yourself
when you have heard me. You are aware
that in your watch, the balance, which is
the regulator, makes five oscillations every
second, which is 1922 a day; 80 that
your watch, exposed to all the vicissitudes
which heat and cold occasion ii, the vary
ing weight OF the air, and the shaking to
which it is subjected, has not varied
more than minute month"; or two
with each vibration of the balance varl.
alton Of the two hundred and sixteenth
thousandth part of second. Judge, then
what must be the extreme perfection of the
mechanism OF this watch |" A watch can.
not 20 for IN indefinite period without be-
ing repaired or cleaned. At the expiration
OF certain time, the oil dries up, dust ac-
cumulatcs and wear and tear arc tho
inevitable results to the whole machinery,
tho functions becoming irregular, and Ire
qucntly ccasing to act altogether. A per-
son possessing watch of good quality,
and dcsirous Of preserving 1t as such,
should have 1t cleaned every two years ut
least. But care should be taken to contidc
this cleaning and repairing to careful hands;
IN incapable workman may do great in
jury to watch even of the simplest con-
struction.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
How They Amuse Themselves In tho
North-Summer Excursions up
tho Hudson.

The late eX-Presdent Thomas A. Scott,
OF the Pennsylvania Railroad, did much to
build up this great thoroughfarc. aud by
that means to extend, foster and encourage
the trade Of the whole country. To this
work was added that of catering for tho
amusement and entertainment of the peo-
ple-travelcrs and tOurists-and lines are
opened in all directions by which they can
reach prominent and romantic places of
summer resort. The plans hitherto pur-
sued will be again carried out this summer
ny the officers and managers of the Penn
sylvania Railroad, with such additions and
Pie to stiff GREATER T @ "ddoGGfMod&9.m doGfe9Ma Among on the
many lines of summer travel projected by
the Pennsylvania Railroad this summer,
descrvedly preemlnent. About the 25th of
June, the superb steamer "Richard Stock .
ton" will be restored to the Ne Wburgh
route. She is now being fitted mp IN a
complete manner for the summer service,
and will be as popular this summer as sho
Was in 1879. Captain Bloomsbury will be
at the post Of commando there will
be a full and excellent band of music
on board. The restaurant will be
conducted on the basis of popular
prices, and no intoxicating drinks will be
sold on board. These features of the cx-
cursions cannot fail to commend them to
the confidence and approval of tourists
who wish safety, pleasure and profit COM
blncd IN one trip. The Stockton will run
every day, including Sundays, at the low
and popular rates of 1879 She will leave
the Pennsylvania docks at Jersey City at
A. NJ, excepting Thursdays, when her
leaving time will be thirty minutes later.
The Stockton will stop at Cozzen's Dock,
Wost Point, in both directions, and passen.
gers will have an hour and half, at that
point, to view the place and its objects of
interest She will also remain half an
hour at Newburgh,. which is full of hlstori-
cal memorials. Jersey City will be reached
at 80 p. M. At this point connections
will be made with Brooklyn Annex boats,
and the trains of the Pennsylvania Rail
road. From Jersey City and Brooklyn,
the price for the round trip will be half a
dollar, and children half that amount.
This will be delightful summer jaunt,
and the price is put on such popular
basis ds to enable all classes to visit and
enjoy the picturesque and varied scenery
of the Hudson river.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
In the ncighborhood of Marseillcs, II

In the ncighborhood Of Marseillcs, not
long ago, was discovered an ancient Roman
burying- ground, containing, among other
interesting graves, that of Consul Caius
Scptimus wherein Il quantity of antique
weapons and CONS were found, and. more.
over, an amphora-thc inscription upon
which was all but lllcglblc Il
small quantity OF thick, reddish liquor.
The amphCra, emptied of its contents, was
submitted to the inspection of an eminent
archnologlst, who, after bcslowing extra
ordinary pains Oh the dcciphcring of the
mutilalcd characters cngravcn upon its
surface, declared 1t to be his opinion that
they indicated tho presence of genuine Fa-
lcrnan within the vessel, added TINT Caius
Scptlmus, a jLvial consul of considerable
rel,ute as a judge of good wine, had obvi.
ousy ordered that a flask OF the best vintage
IN his cellar should be buried with him.
The scientific gentleman who had aiscov-
cred the consul's grave and taken possession
OF its contents, upon learning the true
character of the liquid rcllc III question, ut
once started for Paris with his Falcrnian
in glass dccantcr, and, there arrived i'll
vtcd dozen of lis friends, m embcrs OF the
Academy Of Inscriptions, TO a dinner at
one of the leading restaurants AT desert
he produced the "consul's winG," carefully
cured 1t into four tiny ti4uCur glasses, and
handed 1t around TO his guests, cxhorting
them to drink ii, rcvcrently and upstand,
ing, TO the immortal memory of Caius, Sep
timus. The glasses had scarcely been
cmpticd when a telegram was brought in
by the head waiter on snlvcr, and laid
before the founder of the fcasC. lie opened
and glanced at it, and then, letting it fal
to the floor, fled from the room with cry
of terrible agony. One of the startled
Acadcmicans picked up the message ant
read 1t aloud. 1t ran as follows: "Mnr
scillcs, 7 u. Nj. Don't drink contents O.
amphora. Not Falernian at all. uav,
dcciphcreG inscription on foot, which pre-
viousIy escaped my notice. Red liquid il
body Of Consul Caius, liqucfied by specia
cmbaming process" But the friendly
warning came too late The archn oiaga
and his Acadcmcal colleagues had dram
up tho consul to lis last drop.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
Mental Diseases.

1t is s'essential to skill that the muscles of
4he body should work unconsciously, but
the moment they assert, as it were, their
independence Of self consciousness, and
prompt 10 the initiation of efforts outside of
what they have been taught, diseased
condition is begun which we call 'abscnce
of mind" Such a habit begins on little
things, more generally by Oh omission than
commission. Thinking of something else
While dressing, part of the toilet is over
looked, the nccktie IS forgotten, the wrong
coat is put on and the hair is unkcmpt:
Soon, as the habit increases, absurd and
even harmless acts arc committed. The
collection of anecdotes are full of stories of
such follics. We know Of an able young
lawyer, who, instead CT pouring tonic
from bottle on his desk, carefully cmpticd
the Ink from his inkstand into spoon and
swallowed it. Another, an ex-attorncy
general Of the United States, went on a
fortnight trip to attend to all absorbing
legal case. His wife packed half dozen
shirts in his portmantcau. On his return
there was no shirt visible Pushing her
inquiries, she found that h r husband had
regularly clean shirt every other day, but
had forgotten to take off the soilcd one, and
now returned wearing the whole half
dozen! An authentic anccdote Of the great
political economist, Adam Smith, tells us
that when called upon to sign contract
instead of writing his own name, he made
an elaborate imitation of the signature of
the other party, which had already been
affixed.
Such incidents tend to depreclate man,
though perhaps unjustly, in the opinion of
hose with whom he does business. They
become also grave annoyance to the iudi-
vidual himself. In sense they are men,
tai weaknesses, which, pushed to a certain
degree, pass into mental diseases. Scnilty
and insanity are not infrcqucntly marked
by automatic actions, carried out without
the will or consciousness OF the docr. The
absent-minded one, like the sleep walker,
performs actions without the knowledge
OF them, and neglccts duties which are
pressing. Justly, therefore, it is source
OF anxiety with every thoughtful. person
when he finds himself falling into this bad
mental habit. 1t is usually gradual in it's
onset, stealing over ono IN moments of in
tensest occupation. Unlike other mind
weaknesses 1t is not the foe OF the idle man
so much as the busy one. Yet habits of
reVery and day-dreaming may also bring
1t about. Those who feel this habit creep
ing over them will do we'll to make an
early and special effort to resist it. 1t Can
be conquered by habit of attention, and
ny severe self-chiding when the mind Yields
to it.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05

our restaurant statistics show. AS matter
Of course, however, you arc obliged tt
cook three times as much as you need te
make show. Now, if you could save siz
chops every dinner for year it would
amount TO-
"a fortune" said the man of outlets
eagerly. 'All we can do with 'cm now is
to work 'cm over INTO hashes."
"Peacc to your hashes," said tho agent:
''all this ruinous waste Is Low prevented
by the introduction to tho same dish of the
patent Skidmorc Indcstructio,c India Rub.
Der Chop, put up in packages of one dozen,
and warranted for five years." and the food
cconomizcr exhibited some life like lmlta-
tiohs OF cooked mHtton-chOps.
"Looks like good scheme" said the
concoctor of stcws thoughtfully; but don't
the customer eycr-"
''Ever tumble2 Not in the least. He
only notices that one chop Is a little tough
or than the others, and finally gets his fork
into real chop and chcws ahead. These
smaller ones come higher, a$thcy are made
OF little more timber article of rubber, for
lamb chops. Can't be told from genuine
by the naked eye. All youihave to do is to
grease 'cm on both sides, warm 'cm I'D a
little, and serve them up mixed III with the
others same as usual"
"Seems like they are about rs tender as
the regulation kind,' said the rcstauratcur,
Ja5Ding one with a fork. "Dont thcy
ever get eaten by mistaken
"No-no-that Is, not now. We did
lose few that way when first introduced,
but now that we make the material tougher.
IL don't happen any more, unless thcy
swallow 'em whole. Why, here's spcci-
men that's been IN use in a Chicago eating
saloon for three years, night and day, and
you can't sec the first tooth print IN it vet. ."
THAT settles It," said tho proprietor.
s1'll take gross"
81 thought you would" replied the chop
agent, as he took down the order and en-
phatlcally declined All invitation for some
lunch. II Will drop around in few days
and show you samples. of some soft, white
rubber Holsters we are getting up especially
for the country trade-makc the best arti-
Gle of indcstructible salad known--and he
shculdcrcd his box and walked OF in the
direction of Baldwin's Hotel.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
Too Costly,

A. Western hcircss year or two ago
bought husband bearing ono of the IN Dst
ancient titles in the Italian aristocracy.
The usual marriage settlement gave the
Drd command of a large income in his own
right, besides which the Italian law makes
tho husband master of the wifcs property.
The hard.headcd father objected to the
cold-blooded bargain -and-sale- -stylo, but
the daughter insisted. The terms were
finally drawn up. TO the husband, $1OD,-
600 down to put his estates in order; $2O,-
600 per annum as an allowance; $50, 600
for each child born, the fatiWr to be sole
trustee Of the money. In less than year
the pair were cmbroilcd. Tie wife was
beaten by her lord and finally put in con-
vent under plea that she was mad. For a
time the father was in ignorance of the
real state Of affairs, as no letters could pass
from the incarceratcd woman that were
not first submitted to the husband. The
case was brought before the American
Consul, and the father has begun proceed
ings to rescue his daughter.
Ix~lA
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05
A SONG.

O hearts, como 60 with me a Maying
Dear hearts, caunot have you staying
Within your prison doors to-day,
THE world you say, with grief is sobbing
The world you say, with pain is throbbing,
And we to soothe tho pain must stay"
But listen Hear the bluobirds saying:
God wishes hearts to 60 a MayinG,'
80 can you best bring May, bring May
To darkened hearts too faint with ,orrow,
To know tho comfort of the morrow,
Come, sing with all the birds to-layl
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1881-07-05

At is better not to dispute where there
is no possibility Of convincing.