davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-07-14

our Christian friend aud brother, tho rev.
william Arthur. who has jDurneyed mere
from over the seas to meet and commune with US;
Vrenty Ave dollars will he sufficient, and this want
Won To- snbscbe in 81 subscriptions" At the conclusion
~ Mr. Weeds address n collection taken up which
amounted To more n the amount called Tor.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-07-14
4 BRIGADIER-GENERAL ELECTED.

SYRACUSE, N. Y, July 12.-Colonel Dwight
H. Bruce ono Of the editors and propristors OF The
uiIy Journal was to-day unanimously elected Briga-
VI the Tenth Brigade, In place Of General
HsWiey, resigned.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-07-14
OCEAN GROVE CAMP MEETING.

OCEAN GROVE, N. j., July 1.-THE religious
meetings ut Ocean Grove yesterday and today we're the
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28

bound by their record. The bill which
has pass ID was intended to carry ont
the purpose of that section Of the
community which aims at cinching
capital--in the alleged interest of labor.
1t is bill which provides for the creation
Of an inequitable system of taxation a sys-
ten under which the possessors of certain
kinds of property are to be made to pay
higher taxes in proportion than other peo-
pie. We have no doubt that the enact
ment of such law IS calculated to please
some portions of the community, and that
those who vote for it may therefore acquire
passing popularity. But what we wish
to point out is, that no such law can pro-
duce beneficial, or indeed any other than
harmful, results to the body polite, and
that, consequently, the responsibility
which must ultimately rest upon those
who enact it will not be a pleasant one.
No deliberately unequal system of taxa,
ton can produce good results, and least of
all a system VIGOROUSLY intended to
fleece capital. In the present case, more
o~er, the blow aimed at capital must in
evitably fall also upon the poor men and
women who are depositors in the savings
banks. These are of the people, and
while they do not always perceive clearly
what measures are for their good, they are
always very quick to hold to account
those who have, no matter with what mo-
tv;es, inflicted injury upon them. We
cannot conceive of any legislation better
calculated to provoke public dissatisfac-
ton than the minority revenue bill which
the Assembly has just passed. It's conse-
quences are certain TO be bad, and the Re-
publican party, if the bill becomes law,
is certain to be held accountable for
those consequences. 1t is bill which will
operate in two ways, each equally PERM
cious It will discourage the association
of capital, and it viii drive small depos-
itors into withdrawing their savings, and
thus exposing them to loss. The bill is
directly in harmony with the communistic
movement at present unsettling business
so seriously in this State, and therefore it
will tend to discredit California still more
all over the world In fact it is the kind
of law best calculated to disorganize in
dustry and stop investment and improve
ment, and it will surely react most mis-
chievously upon the party that
assumes the responsibility of it.
The Republicans in the present
Legislature had magnificent opportunity
to recommend themselves to public con-
fidence by identifying themselves with
conservative measures, and by resisting
the advance of communism and class
hatred. They may yet retrieve their repu-
tation in this regard, but the tendencies of
the Republican members have latterly
seemed to lie rather in utilization with and
emulation OF the raiders upon property
under all forms. That is dangerous line
for any party to take at the present june
ture, and we are well satisfied that events
Will demonstrate the urgency and the
soundness of this warning.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
CONVICT LABOR.

Massachusetts has a Bureau of Labor
Statistics, the annual report of which, re-
Gently issued, contains much information
regarding strikes, crime, convict labor,
and cognate topics. As there is wide
spread belief among the working classes
that convict labor constitutes formidable
element of competition with free labor, it
may be interesting to know from Mr..
Wright's report, that the number of con-
victs employed in all kinds of labor, in
Guiding the whole of the United States
and Territories, is only 40, I'D. Nor are
all these engaged in labor which can be
called competitive No fewer than 4, $50
of these are employed in and about the
prisons, on duties directly connected with
the building. Of the remaining 80, l92,
only 90, 524 are employed in skilled labor,
and II, 662 at unskilled labor. The num-
Der of convicts set down az farmers and
laborers is l0,607. The largest number en-
gagged at any one skilled trade are employed
at shoemaking, and they amount to 6,5Sl.
In 1870 there were 1875, $50 shoemakers in
the United States, and the convict labor
would be per cent. of this. But ten
years must have largely increased the
number of shoemakers outside the pris-
ons, and, therefore, the probability is
that per cent. would be more correct
estimate. The next largest prison in
dustry is the manufacture of ironware,
which is carried on In the prisons
of IA States; and employs 1904
persons. This is about % per cent. of the
iron workers in the country in 1870, and
probably less than 2 per cent. of their pres
ent number. In II States 1884 convicts
are employed in the manufacture of furni-
ture 2,262 make clothing, and |, 6S7 work
stone. In these and the other occupations
followed by convicts the percentage COM
pared to the total of free labor is so small
as to be practically Insignificant In fact
it is quite apparent that the competition of
convict with free labor, save in very exa
ceptional circumstances, is more dream
than reality. OF course the inferior
efficiency of convict laoor is an important
consideration in any estimate of it, but it
seems unnecessary to bring that forward in
the present instance, as the case is COM
plete without it. The fact, however that
convict labor must compete with some free
labor, to the extent that it is employed in
production at all, is always balanced by
the fact that if the convict did not work
at all he would have to be supported in
idleness at the expense of free labor.
There is no evading the necessity of sup
porting him, and therefore it does not mat
ter greatly whether the support be given
directly or indirectly.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
TRAINING SCHOOLS OF COOKERY

The Bureau of Education is sending out
some very interesting pamphlets, dealing
with special topics, and among the latest Of
them is circular OF information, giving
mass of statistics about training schools
for cooking. Tt is very encouraging to note
the progress that has been made in this re-
gard. The Importance Of good cooking has
been receiving a wider recognition than
ever before in the history of the world,
during the past FIVE years. In that time
training schools for cooking have been es-
tablished in England, Scotland, New York,
Illinois, Boston, Tennessee, Kansas, Iowa,
North Carolina Washington, D. c., In
diana, and several other places, and every
where the best and most practical results
have been obtained. Perhaps the most
useful of all the instruction given has been
that afforded the poorer classes. Thus, IN
several Eastern cities, Miss Corson has
shown the wives and daughters of me-
chanics how to market, how to prepare
simple, cheap and appetIzlng dishes, ana
how to vary their diet without mourning
fresh expense. 1t is gratifying, too, to
find that the women for whose benefit
these lessons are given fully appreciate their
importance. 1t is, however, the best indi-
cation of all that in several States schools
of cooking have been added to the courses
in the high schools and colleges, while in
one or two it has been resolved to make
such instruction regular part of common
school education. This is sign of pro-
gressive civilization which can hardly be
overestimated. 1t is only the uncivilized
who affect to despise the proper prepare
ton of food. Cooking is a question of
morals, of domestic happiness, of intel
lectual growth, in fact, of progress in every
form. To recognize it, therefore, for what
it is, and to give it its true place in the
curriculum, is to prove that the world
moves indeed, and that in this one respect
the latter part of the nineteenth century is
beyond all preceding time.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
A SIGNIFICANT INCIDENT.

In Withdrawing from the local munich
pal canvass Mr.. Knox states that he will
vote hereafter with the Republican party,
which he conceives to be the natural ref
uge of all who stand for civilization and
progress, and who are opposed to barbar-
ism and socialistic retrogression. 0bser-
walton has convinced him that the disturb
ing clements in modern society gravitate
inevitably to the Democracy, and that it
affiliates with them, or tends to affiliate
with them, by law of its being. This
conclusion is one which thinking Demo-
Gratis who believe in order and progress
are certain to reach in the near future,
and in the fresh alignment of parties
destined to be brought about by the grow
ing Importance of social and economic
issues, such men will join the Republican
party as unavoidably as did the so-called
IS war Democrats, at the outbreak of the
rebellion. We are glad to welcome Mr..
Knox to a political standpoint which has
always belonged to him, had he only known
what his natural affinities were, and we
have no doubt that his advance but serves
to Indicate change which viii in a short
time be forced upon scores of thousands Of
intelligent, patriotic, and self-respecting
men.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28

case reveals some curious, and, indeed,
startling facts. For example, we
find that the Commercial Company. with
1927, 725 assets, is carrying s3,7S7, 900 OF
risks, or twelve times the amount of the
assets. The Home Mutual, with 1894, 954
assets, carries IS, O66, 375 of risks, or ten
times the assets. The Western, with
$3.50, 1862 assets, carries So, 253, S43 Of risks,
or fourteen times the assets. The State
Investment Company, with S40l. 3S4 assets,
carries s., 207, 730 of risks, or twenty times
the amount of its assets. Now when risks
are well distributed it may be possible for
reasonable excuses over assets to be
carried safely; but in the present case they
are all in San Francisco, and the greater
part of them are undoubtedly so near
together that an extensive conhagration
would almost certainly destroy two thirds
of them. Nor would it require very ex-
tensive fire to bankrupt companies whose
risks thus enormously exceed their assets
What can be expected of companies
which with less than half million of as
sets are carrying from six to eight millions
of risks? Yet these local companies
whieA even now are obviously carrying
very much more insurance than they are
justified in accepting, propose that their
field shall be enlarged by the Punishment
OF their Eastern and foreign competitors,
and that they shall be authorized by law to
afford even less security to the public than
they offer now. 1t may appear to many
persons that the measure of security they
are able to afford at present is extremely
small. and that in fact they are doing both
dangerous and a reckless business. But
whatever is thought of this, it must be APP
parent to the least observing that to give
them any wider scope would be equiva-
lent to abolishing insurance in San Fran
cisco altogether The impudence of their
demands, moreover, is emphasized by the
amazing condition of their own business,
and by the evident fact thai the public
interests rather demand the restriction OF
their risks than any legislation which can
tend to the further attenuation of their
security.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
STATE SUPERVISION or EDUC AT1oNAL
AGENCIES.


The right of the State to insist upon the
education of its children is now fully ad-
mitted, at least in the American arena of
discussion. This right carries with it that
of supervising all educational agencies, and
that supervision ought to be provided for
in any advanced educational system. The
right to insist on education involves the
right to see to it that the education be-
slowed is such as is consistent with the
proper performance of the duties of citizen
ship. 1t is clear, however, that this assur-
ance cannot be obtained unless the State
exercises general supervision, not alone
over the public schools, but over every
educational Institution in the State, private
as well as public. There should be no con-
cealments of any kind in this connection.
The State is deeply interested in knowing.
what is taught in every school and college
within its jurisdiction. 1t is by these edu-
cational agencies that the character of the
rising generation must be formed, and that
its tendencies must be shaped. There is
nothing novel in the idea of State inspec-
ton, moreover. 1t has long been in use
in countries where the responsibilities of
the State regarding popular education are
far less fully recognized than among us. 1t
is of course apparent, the moment it is
stated, that mere education is not fulfill
ment of the duty owed to the State; but
that the only education it can sanction and
indorse is such as is calculated to make
good and faithful republican citizens.
In the public schools adherence to the re.
quirements of this broad State policy is
guaranteed, but this is not the case with
private schools, and therefore there is the
greater need for putting them under State
supervision. They should be subject to
periodical inspection by Board, or par
ticular official; say the County Boards of
Education, or the State Superintendent of
Public instruction and the results of
these inspections should be published an
nually or biennially, in regular and de-
tailed reports 1t is for the public good
that the course of instruction in every
private school should be generally under
stood, and that in this way the tendency
of the educational processes in operation
throughout the State should be open to the
influence of public opinion. 1t is not
probable that any objection to the pro-
posed inspection will be made by the con-
ductors of private schools, since the pro-
position obviously involves very useful
kind of gratuitous advertisement for them.
The fact that their courses of instruction and
general methods were to be made public
would, moreover, stimulate teachers to
renewed exertions, and promote highly
beneficial emulation among private educa-
tional institutions. If the trainers of the
new educational bill have not already pro.
vided for the State supervision of all
schools, we trust that such clause will be
added to it before it leaves the hands of
the committee.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
TROUBLE IN TIE ASSEMBLY.

The Assembly is troubled with chronic
fiatulence, and the results are periodically
disagreeable. For the past two days there
has been sort of battle going on .between
the habitually disorderly members, the
Speaker, and the majority. Braunhart has
distinguished himself by his highly un-
parliamentary conduct, and has made it
clear that parliamentary methods of pun
ishment were meant for rational beings,
and consequently fail largely when APP
piled to such as are not rational. Par
liamentary rules will not bind savages,
neither will they bind Mr. Braun
hart and some of his peculiar col
leagues. The position of the Speaker
under these circumstances is of course
embarrassing. He cannot order member
to Jail, or at least he does not like to and
yet it is evident that summary police pro-
ceedings are the only methods by which
such wanton and shameless defiance of all
authority can be effectively met. Mr..
Braunhart and his immediate supporters
are, however, merely proving to the peo-
pie Of California their utter unftness for
the responsible positions to which they
have unfortunately been elected.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
THE WEEKLY UNION.


The WEEKLY UNION is invaluable news, bust
ness and family journal, and has no equal on the
for the variety fullness and high character Of
its contents. 1t contains all late Geographic nd
exchange news, editorial comment on all current
topics of moving interest, reviews Of recent pubca
lions, agricultural editorials and see lions, house
hold and puzzle departments, srt, scientific, re-
ligious and educational departments. It
gives monographs reports Of both houses
of the Legislature, and running reports
OF legislative committee proceeding. Beside,
it presents home. Eastern and foreign correspond
enca and all the latest European, Eastern and Con
gressonal news It is issued in seniiweekly parts,
each one consisting Of eight pages, and these going
out to subscribers twice each week. bring the fullest
news to the reader oftener and fresher than
can possibly DC done by any other weekly, no mat
ter where published. The price of the wEEELT
USloS, postpaid, for one year, is but g.
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28

Demagogism and vicious journalism have
| together brought San Francisco to de-
plorable pass The detestable readiness
of knaves in fattering the blatant DRAWERS
who have accustomed themselves to per-
petual disturbances of the peace, has con-
WINGED the mob that they, and not the
silent and shame burdened thousands whoe
look on at this disgraceful spectacle, are
the American people, and that 1t is their
province to issue commands to the local
government, and to override whatever
laws. State or national, stand between
them and the qualification of their antipa-
thies and passions. And beyond the
needs of the demagogues and the demands
of the Sand -lotters, nothing is recognized as
requiring any consideration. Business
languishes, commerce is paralyzed, invest
ment ceases, money is locked up or with
drawn altogether, manufactures are sus-
pended, real estate depreclates, all property
values are unsettled, the future is
shrouded in black clouds, enterprise
is discouraged, settlement is pre-
vented, a solid and tangible curse
weighs heavily upon the State and the city
and yet the Kearneyites and their pan
ders do not pause for moment, out urge
forward their mad career as though the
condition of their fellows had no interest
whatever for them At this moment it is
quite generally believed that "crisis
is approaching. The Sand-lotters, that is
to say, are more turbulent and ferocious
in their utterances than usual, and they
talk of arson, murder, and pillage, in
more menacing tone than ever. The
Chinese question is made the pretext for
this fresh access OF fury, but everyone
knows who has watched the movement
that there is more than the Chinese ques-
ton behind it. 1t is not the real Work
ingmen who are bolstering up the Sand
Lots. There are thousands of them who
strongly disapprove of the whole agita-
ton. But it is not to be doubted that
such movement will attract to itself
whatever of vagabondage and lawlessness
and crime is floating about, and that these
elements will use the credulity and folly
of the sincere Kearneyites as cover to
their more sinister designs. These
criminal elements unquestionably would
hail with delight an opportunity to put the
torch to San Francisco. Plumber is their
motive, and if murder should be necessary
they would not shrink from it. And this
is the kind of danger that threatens San
Francisco to-day. A disturbance once be-
gun, no matter on what pretext, it is al
ways to be apprehended that the danger
GUS classes may avail themselves of it.
This danger hangs over the city now, but
not for the first time. For three years the
possibility of a disastrous riot has never
been far from the minds of observant
men, Several times during that period
the chronic disturbances engendered by
Kearney and his pestilent panders has
seemed to be on the point of elimination,
and perhaps would have eliminated but
for the action taken to resist any serious
outbreak. At present the worst prospect
of all is before the city, but even if the
prevalent fears are unjustifed by the out
! come, it is evident that the state of things
Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-28
POLITICAL
The Withdrawal of lEr. Knox as Candi-
date for Trustee.

Second Trustee w. F. Knox has sent to
the RgCoRD-UNIoN for publication the fol-
lowing card
TO my iellow-citizens: A few days ago acceded
to request from nunlbs- of my iriuds to allow
nv name to be subm tied independent candi-
date for reelection. Ia view OF the circumstances
hv which fad myself surrounded, particularly the
iiyisian nv Position IS causing among those Of my
ss pw citizsps who would like TO- and should stand
uoted in these tioublous and charming times in our
State and with the con ent Of as many of those
inviting me as have been able u see, now with
craw rs clnGidate | shall vote for Mir. Davis for
this office. and hope that all VINO would have voted
for me viii do likewise. offer Ia that gentleman,
should he be elected, any advice or assistance he
may desire durilg the time Of his ineXperience ia
tie aft airs Of his Office
and heartfelt thanks 20 my eilDw-citiz ms for the
honors have Dor in sery NJ them officially dur
inc the past six years. aud in return eau only rner
my services in the future, as they have had them
IN the past by aiding The proper authorities in times
of danger IL protecting aud defendins our levees.
will always day night, ram or SIN G, be at their
service while at home.
here state that neither Mr.. Davis nor any OF his
friends or supporters have any iuiimalon or knowi-
edge of my action at this time in this mater t.l
W. h. KNOX.
Sacramento February q, 1850.
Ia this connection IL is to be noted that
throughout the city, so soon as the news of
Mr. Knox's action and the reason fer it were
made known, that gentleman was the recipi-
ent of great number of congratulations and
compliments from leading citizens who have
the best interests Of the city at heart. These
congratulations were frequently made to Mr..
Knox, hut hundreds expressed their sense of
his manly condnct who did not meet him, shd
on every hand his name was mentioned with
the warmest respect and his act commended.
These CONCENTRATIONS were not confined to
Republicans alone who favored only straight
ticket, but were joined in by many Demo-
Gratis, who announced that they would not
vote the Opposition ticket, but would follow
Mr.. Knox's example in this election. Not
few members of the Workinemen's party
here also announced their intention not TO
vote the Yolo ticket, but to oppose it as nom
repres entative of them and the party.
The nomination Of Oliver G. jackson. for
Chief of Police, has been received on nearly
ali sides with manifestations of satisfaction.
Even those who support his opponent are not
slow to admit Jec,son's eminent fitness for
the position of Chief. Citizens in great num-
bers, OF all political parties, have declared
their intention to support Mr. Jackson. The
Republicans are especially gratited at the act
of their Convention in nominating him, and
a firm determination has been expressed gen
orally TO work with special energy to secure
hi election.