The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1880-06-11
PROFESSOR NoRpENsKIoLp,s REPORT
or IN. First Successful Attempt to Make the
Northeast Passage.

or IN. First Successful Attempt to Make u
Northeast Passage.
rIran.lssd for the NEW NORTHWEST by Ole Bjerk
Emporia, Kansas
CONTINUED FROM LAST WEEK.
crRcUMsAvIsATIoY OF AsIA's EASTER
EXTREMITY.
Now, at last, the goal was reached u
ward which so many nations bad strive
ever since the day when Sir Hugh Wi
loughby under salute and under cheer
from mariners 10 festive attire, In the pres
ence of court and council, took his depart.
ure from Greenwich Harbor on the Goth 0
May, A. d. 1853. His vessels bore the sig
niacant names of the EsperanzA, the Ed
ward Bonadventure, and the Bona Conf
dentia; and so we'll assured were these PEG
pie OF success that they had their vessel
sbeeted with lead for protection against tn
terredo In the Indian Ocean, a protection
not known before in England. We know
that Sir Hugh and bis "invincible" com
panions encountered III success, but they
became, nevertheless, the pioneers Of Brit
ish navigation.
A number OF other naval expeditions
taa track, always without success, and often
with sacrifice of vessel and many brav
mariners life and health.
Now, after lapse of 326 years, after the
IN nf In . ;n,x
have declared the problem impossible OF
solution, the northeast passage is become
an actual fact.
And this is accomplished, thanks to the
skill Of our mariners, to the care. zeal and
efficiency of their officers, without the sac
rifice Of single human life; without sim
gle case of sickness and without the slight
est injury to the ship. This is accomplished
under circumstances which prove that in
most years-perhaps every year-it can be
repeated in few weeks.
Under the circumstances we must be for.
given when, with pride and exultatation
we beheld our national ensign, the Swed-
ish blue and yellow, wave from our gallant
ship and heard the Swedish salute boom in
that strait where the old and the new
world seek to extend to each other the fra
ternal hand.
But though, indeed, the road we have
travelled may not become necessary as a
commercial highway between Europe and
China, to this and the foregoing Swedish
expedition has been granted to open one OF
the grand oceans Of the globe to navigation
and to present to almost oue-half OF all the
grand divisions of the globe the possibility
of er-navigation through these oceans.
FROM EAST CAFE.
From East Cape, course was at first set
for Lawrence bay. an inlet Of considerable ex
tent, which indents the Tsch Peninsula some
distance south Of Behring's strait. TAX
ing account Of stock upon what remained
on board on entering the Pacific it appeared
We bad 1000 cubic feet Of coal and provi-
sions for year.
In the paper which transmit with this
report I give synopsis on the
Tsch villages and tentages which
are found between Tschaun Bay and
East Cape. This information is collected
by 1t. Nordquist, through conversations
with number Of dog teamsters, who in
the course of the winter halted near the
ship. Each one of these men couclued
their statements with the village of Err
tryn, just west Of the Cape, and with the
information that another people inhabit the
country east and south thereof This |
agrees also with the common statement IN
works that treat on the ethnography of
these regions. According to these peo- |
pie, not very numerous, related to the Es- |
quimaux, and who are named Onkilon, |
which IN ancient times possessed and IN
habited the whole Of the Tschukt Penlnsu-
la, still inhabit the Asiatic side of Behring's |
Strait, and ut the mouth OF the river
Anadyr. In thick fog, while skirting the
vicinity Of East Cape, large skin boat
filled with 20 co 35 natives approached the
steamer. We hailed this people with
pleasure, being eager to form acquaintance
with tribe of humanity strangers to us,
but at once as they climbed over the rail-
ing we discovered they were simply
many of whom were cid acquain-
tances who, the winter previous, had made
calls on the Vega. "Ankali," they said,
were to be met farther south towards Law
renee Bay. The next day we anchored at
It's entrance, received the usual visits from
the natives, visited their tents in surn, but
their language was still Tschukt, with a
slight intermixture of foreign words. They
dwelt in tents, which were of somewhat
different architecture from those of the
Tsch, and their features had some what
different cast. They would not acknowl-
edge any dissimilarity between themselves
and the ancient warlike master nation on
the north coast, but south OF this must
dwell the people we sought. Some days
later we anchored near Konyam Bay (N.L.
$40 Az; w. L. 172o So Greenwich). Hhere,
too, we met but real Tschuktschen-
Is, Of the reindeer-ownipg class. II Esqui-
maux have In past time actually inhabited,
not only the country near the mouth of the
Anadyr but also near East Cape, it would
seem their nationality has recently merged
INTO that OF the Tschukt ANY forcible ex-
pu!sion has not taken place within the last
fifty years. Ii should be noted that the
'erm Onkilon, which Wrangell obtained
rom the inhabitants Of the coast, as OF
hose people who should have been expelled
by the Tsch, IL obviously of close affinity
with AnkalI, by which the reindeer tribe Of
he Tsch now designate the coast Tsch.
Questions OF this nature are Of 80 much
,reater interest with reference to ethno-
.raphy, as the doctrine touching the mi
.ration of the Esquimaux from Asia to
America across Behring' Strait. or Wran-
ellis land, In an essential degree depends
Ipon the admission that the northeast
cast OF Asia has earlier been inhabited by
ssquimaux.
To avoid misapprehension will further
tate that according TO credible accounts.
PRESENTED by Russian authors, veritable