The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1880-02-27
kRssIAN FLY.

syNania Agriculture, Prof S. s
hatnvol caster county. has the fol
lowing OF the characteristics O
the great the wheat grower:
! 1. The derating weight of evidsuo,
seems 70 the Hessian fly Ceciao
n'y'e deS was introduced . int,
America % Continent of Europe dur
ing the a. Revolution, or about on.
hundred 81 k0.
=. It be g family of "Gall Gnats, ,
belonging order Of sDspsera, which
includes q nfious two. winged flies
.. Their least t,ro broods in the
latitude or ylvasia; and further south
/ ,here may re or more broods, owing to
longer se51 earlier springs, later au.
sua9s aea rapid i-.ds;, .ddssy;,elSg%Sns;
fflsl2k f6J fSrnef ca1 contend -depos.
its its eggs on the blades of the young
wheat during the months of August and
September, and some retarded individuals
may delay it even into the month of Octo
Der.
s. This deposition of eggs by tho second
brood lays the foundation for the first brood,
which will make its appearance in fly form
at the end of April Or the beginning of May,
the following season.
6. The fist brood deposits its eggs on the
young wheat, rye, barley, or oats, during
the month of May; its first preference be-
ing wheat.
z. The eggs thus deposited by the first
brood develop the second or summer brood,
which makes its appearance in August and
September in the fly form, VIII IN it deposits
eggs on any young wheat that may be above
ground, or, in the absence of wheat. il mi.
CRATES, or deposits on other cereal vegeta.
ton.
8. AS this is really the only brood that
it is necessary to circumvent-for with its
destruction subsequent brood would be
impossible-therefore farmers should har-
vest as early as possible, leave long stub.
BILE, turn it deeply down with n subsoiler,
or burn it off with fire.
9. IF they neglect or decline to do this,
then they should not SOW the fall crop be.
fore the 18th of October, and if the crop
proves backward" then bring it forward by
fertilizers and cultivation in the following
spring; or,
TO- IF they have not done this, and the
crop is found to be badly infested, then turn
it under with the plow, harrow it and roll
it, and put in crop Of spring wheat the
next season.
II. BY the first of December thu fly, or
rather the maggot, the first, or winter brood
will have assumed the impervious ''faxseed"
could BE- of mhiSs zpssl, pssl rat6a ID tEia form It
is able to stand the rigoTs Of the severcst
winter.
IL. By the 1st of November, and still
more SO by the first of December-if the
autumn has been favorable to the growth
of the wheat-the Hessian fly, in whatever
form it may be at that period, excepting
the possible fy-form,) will be located on the
stalk sufficiently far above its original loca-
tion to fall prey to sheep or cattle that
may be put to pasture in the wheat fields
Therefore, if the wheat is vigorous enough
to bear this pasturing, and is still infested
by the fly, in this manner enough Of them
may be destroyed to obviate the necessity
of turning the crop down with the plow,
and reasonable yield may be the result.
13. If any liquid, dust or powder should
be used to kill the young larva of the fly
whether those known now, or those that
may be discovered hereaftcr-they should
be applied before the insect assumes the
faxseed form; for, as that condition seems
to be expressly designed for the protection
Of the insect from contingencies and casual
ties, after that period external applications
could have but little effect.
IA: All precautions, interventions, or ex.
ternal applications should be simultaneous
and general in the insect, Infected district,
or the results can only be partial, Temporal
ry, and limited or local.
Is. BY cutting the grain close to the
ground many Of the summer brood are car.
ried to the barn or stack, beyond the reach
of remedy, and from which the fly would
emerge before it is thrcshed, (and might
even pass through machine without inju-
ry,) and in this manner it has been circula.
ted throughout the country.-Lancdster,
Pa, Farmer.
CATCHING HAwKs.-Some one recently