The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1880-10-15
FARM NOTES.
From N. American Arricul.uri.. for s.Dt.nss,.,

tiles is the sowing of the fall crops. One
can not expect that the best harvest will
follow careless preparation of the soil,
and an imperfect sowing of the seed The
young plants should get well rooted be-
tore winter sets III, and In order to insure
this, the soil should be deep and mellow.
Wheat requires soil well pulverized.
but compact, with fine tilth Of the sur
face, for a seed-bed There NAV be
humps on the surface of the soil. but the
seed should not be surrounded by them.
otherwise the plants will be very uneven.
and many grains will not start at all. If
the soil is lumpy, as it is in many cases,
use roller Immediately after the pillow,
or after the harrow has been used once
This IS the only proper use of the roller
on fall sown fields. To roll the ground
after the grain is sown is a mistake; it
gives to the surface smooth and pleas
ing appearance, but it is much more in
clined to crust over; besides this, the
protecting coat of snow is not held in
winter as it would be if the surface was
left rough. Besides having the soil in
proper mechanical condition, through
the means mentioned above, it must be
provided with good supply of
PLANT FooD. The young plants
should be well fed, that is, have plenty
OF nourishment in such condition as to
be readily taken up and digested. Such
food is furnished by thoroughly decom-
posed barn-yard manure; and when it is
not to be had in sufficient quantities,
some good artificial fertilizer such as SUI
perplsespate may be used with profit.
SELECTING SEED WHEAT.-Sow the best
seed to be found, even if it costs a little
more than that taken from the ordinary
bin. It is gain to pay double the mar
ket price for grain that is clean, plump.
and has been grown for seed with special
care. Much depends on the variety
the Clawson at the present time is taking
a high rank for yield in many localities
throughout the wheat growing region.
THE HEssIAN Fly is the most trouble
some upon the early sown wheat-that
sown after the 18th of this month is not
generally damaged-but it makes smaller
growth before winter sets in, and so far
as that goes it is disadvantage to SOW
late, excepting on well prepared land A
farmer of our acquaintance Gin the State
of New York; for many years sowed his
wheat the first week in October, and his
average yield has been over forty BUSH
els per acre. He was first led to prac-
tice late sowing to avoid the ravages of
the Hessian fly, but the practice proved
so satisfactory that it was continued after
the fly had disappeared His land was
in high condition, and top-dressing of
fine manure was applied to give the
young plants a good start. 1t may be
better to SOW late if a thorough prepare,
ton of the soil is thereby secured.
WATER BURROWS the land is not
well drained, when all else is done in the
wheat field, make the necessary burrows
with the pillow, for carrying off the sur
face water during heavy rains.
SEEDING TO GRASS. Grass seed may
be sown few weeks after the grain.
Thrifty growing timothy will frequently
retard the growth of the grain if sown as
early as the wheat crop, and clover seed
is best sown In the spring after or with
the last snow.
TURN1Ps should be kept free from
weeds and the soil loose and mellow.
Proper thinning is important; a single
root needs from nine to fifteen inches in
the row to grow to its best. On rich
lands white turnips may still be sown and
good crop expected.
BEETs AND MANGELs that were sown
early, may be harvested this month if
left in the ground they become hollow
and dry. When pulled put them in long
heaps, with the tops or straw laid over
them; to be afterwards covered with
earth, to protect them for the winter, or
taken to the root cellar. Care should be
taken that the roots do not heat at any
time either III the pit or cellar.
BUcKwHEAT. tender crop should
be cut before the first frost injuries it.
The grain shells badly when the plants
are dry, therefore cut it in the morning
when the dew is on. The cut crop after
standing few days will be dry and ready
to thrash, which had best be done ut
once. If machine is used, remove the
concaye, or the cylinder teeth will other
wise break the kernels. The grain should
be cleaned at once and spread out as
thinly as possible, as it is very apt to
heat, and become almost worthless, il
left in large heaps.
BEANS are injured by heavy rains
when ready pull them and stack around
the poles driven in the ground; cover the
stacks with straw. In pulling, leave
them in rows for time to cure, and if
rain threatens they can be gathered
quickly III stacks.
CoRN.-Early corn will be ready to cut
this month. As soon as the grain is
glazed it is ready to be harvested, and
the stalks will be much more valuable
than if left to be killed by frosts. The
seed for next year should be selected be-
fore the cutting has begun. The tops of
the selected stalks may be broken down
as mark and left standing when the 9th
ers ere cut and shocked.
SHOCKING is an important matter, and
should be done with care. IF the stalks
are not well set up and properly tied the
shocks fall In all directions, and the fod-
der is damaged and the husking made
more difficult. Bands of rye straw, or
even willow, may be used with advant-
age.
POTATOES. Early ones should be dug
at once; rains will otherwise start them
into growth and do much injury The
last brood of ''bugs should be destroyed,
as it is these that furnish the early brood
next season. 1t is good plan to sort
the potatoes as they are gathered, thus
saving much labor In handling them af-
forwards.
SHEEP. the roots have been re-
moved from the field the sheep should
be turned in that they may pick up the
small roots and the scattered leaves.
This will accustom them to the change
of food that must soon come. If early
lambs are not desired the rams must be
kept from the ewes, or otherwise be
aproned or DRAFTED" It is an i'm
portant matter that the ewes that are to
bear lambs should be well fed, and begin
the winter in good condition. A little
grain fed to the ewes now will do much |
to insure strong lambs.
Cows that are giving milk should be |
fed literally, and not allowed to fall off |
now, as they can not be brought upagain
when cold weather sets in. Some kinds
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