Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-01-01
Figure ~
Ieacriution Of Fiaure l.

u.-Nest OF larva as it appears on inside OF bark
when taken off tree Color, drab.
b.-Pupa, or chrysals. Color, dark amber.
c.-Appearance OF larya when cover is removed oil
winter nest. Color, body yellowish white, head
dark brown
d.-AppearaAce OF bottom OF winter nest on barr
when larva is removed following spring. We think
the larva obtains susteqance from the tree at some
time during the winter, have found the bot
tom of nest followed d. Fig. ; also signs Of ex
crement in nest. In nests uncovered in January
speek of what appeared to be OF bark IS frequently
seen in alimentary canal OF larya and, IN specimens
kept, move through canal about one-eighth OF an
inch in five days.
"a position the larva takes when looking for a
tree place to make its nest when ready to assume
the pupa or chrysalis form. When the larva are
full grown and ready to assume the pupa or chrysa
lis form, color light pink
THE moth-frst appearance perfect insect !;
carries its wings like steep roof
g.-The moth with wings spread. Length OF
body three-eighths of inch; spread of wings five
eighths of inch (scan); COLOR body and legs rich
bronzed drab, fore wings notified dark drab with
copper bar across hinder margin, color of hind
wings plain drab. The moth, after depositing eggs
has assumed light drab color on fore wing and
copper bar very light color, scarcely perceptlble
caused probably from flying among the branches and
leaves. Do not think that the moth that produces
the larva found on dried fruit and the codng moth
are the same. That is different species. Descrp
tion-Length, half an inch; spread OF wings, three
fourths of an inch; color, body dark drab, fore
wings, yellow oar One-elgntn OF iOCn VIDE
shoulders balance of fore wings motted dark brown,
carries wings roof-shaped hind wings dark drab.
h.-Head of larva as seen through glass magni
flying power nine times.
TN this figure we intended to represent the
pupa chrysalis case growing through nest prior to
moth leaving it, but represented as larva to show
better. The figure would be correct il the chrysalis
(b) was represented instead of larva (c).
The figures a, b. C, d, and natural size, is
\ little larger than natural size; h described
tSee Descriptions
The codling or apple moth passes the
winter in the larva state generally, but in
some cases, in the chrysalis form, can be
loose bark la, Fig j in the crotches or in
dents or cracks in the bark of apple, pear
and ounce trees which have been affected
by this pest the previous season. They
apparently prefer the ounce and soft
barked apple trees to any other for winter
quarters. We have found four hundred
Larvae on one ounce tree, two hundred on
one apple tree, and could only find from
three to six larvae on pear trees in the
same orchard. The crop of all, we may
say, was destroyed the previous season.
If the spring is warm and favorable the
Larvae are ready to assume the pupa or
chrysalis form by the 18th of April. The
duration of the pupa or chrysalis state de-
ponds on external circumstances. If warm
spring weather, the perfect insect may ap-
pear in from fifteen to twenty days, and
may be prolonged to twenty or thirty days.
In an orchard near this city We found a
number of chrysalids of this moth on a
small, smooth barked apple tree. Nests
were close to the ground. The tree was
located in warm spot. They apparently
passed the winter as chrysalids. We found
them on the 30th day of March. We
placed them under glass and applied arti-
fetal heat. Transformation in one case
took place April 5th, and in all before
April 18th.
FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE MOTH.
The moth generally appears from the lst
to the Goth of May few in favorable To-
cations by April 18th. The time at which
the eggs arrive at maturity apparently CO.
incides with the end or termination of the
pupa or chrysalis state, so that the sexes
are ready to unite soon after transforma-
ton