davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

CULTIvATING CORN.-Rural, in the
Chicago Tribune, in answer to certain
queries, says: We should cultivate the
corn as often as possible until it began to
throw out brace roots from the joints above
the soil, unless the ground was wet. In
that case we think cultivation would be an
injury. 1t matters little what implement
is used so that it does not run so deep as
10 break'too many roots. Deep cultivation
in the center between the rows would be
beneficial, rs it would make loose bed of
soil for the roots TO penetrate. Sometimes,
if the season is warm and wet, and the
plants grow too rank and show no dispo.
stion to form ears, n narrow pillow, called
Il bull-tongue, or simply straight coulter
as is sometimes used for breaking sod, run
several inches deep II short distance from
the row, will check growth and cause
ears to form. Corn so treated is ceatain
to mature earlier than that not root prun.
ed; and some even assert that the number
of bushels may be considerably enhanced
by SO doing. The late DR.. +. s. Hull, of
Alton, an enthusiast on the subject OF root
pruning, once informed us that he had.
from actual experience. increased his crop
of corn one-half by root pruning it. We
should not advise this practice in very dry
or warm seasons, for the reason that
drouth and heat combined have tendency
to prematurely rpen all vegetation. Corn
should be cultivated as often MS possible
until it gets too large to work. A five
toothed cultivator has always been our
favorite implement for the last cultivation :;
but sometimes. especially if there are
many large weeds, we prefer to throw n
heavy furrow against the corn-then using
the cnltivator to loosen the soil between
the rows.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

Alexander Hyde, in the New York
Times, in discoursing of garden sass "
has the following on two well known
eatables. If you want your memory to
be cherished by the small boy. plant a
patch of melons:
The melons home is in the torrid zone,
but it makes good returns, with careful
nursing, as far north as 400, and, in
favored situations, above that latitude.
The melon does best on n warm. sandy
loan and a freshly inverted sod. For the
want of the latter it often fails in garden
where all other conditions are favorable to
its growth. TO remedy this deficiency in an
old soil, make an artificial bed by digging
holes and placing in them some rich sods
on which haul some good soil and plant
the seeds. The hills should be five or six
feet apart each way, and the planting mus,
be deferred until all danger from frost ha;
prssed. Of the watermelons, the Ice.rinC
is considered the best, but the Mountain
Sweet is harder, and is good enough fol
plebeian or patrician. The rind is thin
the flesh solid, and the flavor excellent
n lIllCh llllu W IL WulCl HOWtftE
not SO great an objection as some suppose
as it makes one of the best of pickles
Very few northern farmers raise their owl
watermelons. Some object to them ~
being indigeslihle, others think it cheaper
to purchase than to cultivate. Children
are, with few exceptions, great lovers o.
this family of melons, and we speak from
experience when we say that we never
knew one to be injured by eating them
of course, there is such a thing as intern
perance in their use, but children shoulc
be taught to "be temperate in all things.
There is no difficulty in raising water
melons at the north. We always expec
u large crop when we change our garder
from an old soil TO IL fresh sod, and TO al
old garden a few fresh sods can be easil,
transferred, as we have already suggested
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash and
make complete fertilizer" But unless
you have found that your soil wants all
Of these ingredients you may be using
some at loss.
9. "Shall we apply them separately or
mixedm As is most convenient. Proba-
bly, labor will he saved by mixing we'll
upon thelbarn floor before applying. Only
if large amount of the potash salt is to
be used it would be well to apply it some
weeks or months before the seed is put
in, so that it may get well diffused through
the soil.
8. "IIow much of each shall we use
per acre." As said above, 100 to $50
pounds of sulphate of ammonia, 200 to 40C
pounds superphosphate and 100 to zoe
pounds muriate of potash, are fair amounts
Use more if the soil is run down than il
it is in good condition, and less of such
material when all are applied together
than if il were used alone. For grair
crops. let nitrogen and phosphate acid, sui
phate of ammonia and superphosphate
predominant; for corn use phosphoriC
acid and potash freely and little if any
nitrogen for potatoes, all three used lib
orally.
Would it be well to mix all witt
plaster, muck or earth?" Yes, if conven
lent, especially if yon apply in the nil o
drill. Plaster is well, if cheap and you
experience promises profit. Muck is ex
cellent if well weathered and dry. Other
wise use good mellow earth to dilute thu
fertilizers.
Mr.. Wheelock's plan of clubbing wit
his neighbor, buying the materials an
mixing them is very sensible. They &c
: them probably for 20 per cent less tina
they would cost mixed in complete fert
lizers;" by purchasing in large amount
they get some discount, and if they pa
cash, still more; and finally they kno,
|, what they are about, can mix AT discretio
= and use with profit.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

The onion needs no praise. Its fra.
GRANGE speaks for itself in every farmers
kitchen in the land; but, strange to say,
we do not find it growing in every farm.
er's garden, and we often hear farmers
complaining that they cannot raise this
vegetable from seed. The complaint is
that they get great tops and no bulbs, and
are, therefore, compelled to plant sets.
Whether we raise onions, or solutions, as
the thick-necked onions are called, depends
mainly upon the soil. This vegetable re.
quires, for successful cultivation, a sandy
OF gravelly loan. rich with inorganic food
such as potash, phosphate and sulphate Of
lime, and wood ashes, or if sown on sol
Astounding in organic matter, even though
enriched by barn-yard manure, the product
is apt TO be tops rather than bulbs. Sea.
weed is often used us a fertilizer for onions
but sea-weed, though nominally organic
furnishes much saline food. We never
fail of Il good crop of onions from seec
when we SOW on sandy loan, properly
mellowed and enriched with phos phate o
lime and wood ashes. Sets, or buttor
onions, give sure and early crop. but W,
much prefer to SOW the seed for fall anf
winter use. This should be sown ms soor
as the ground is dry enough to allow o
being worked, rs we want the crop tt
mature in August. 1t is well to sow M
abundance of seed, and to let the bulb.
crowd each other in the drills. If the,
lie as thick as "three in bed" all tn,
better, for if crowded they will not b,
overgrown. and a small, compact onion il
preferable to one of mammoth size. Tn,
Bermudans are famous onion growers, ant
the cultivators there SOW the seed broad
cast in we'll prepared beds, and transplan
into drills. This can be done where labo,
is cheap, bnt we never expect to see Yam
KEGS raising onions in this way. 1t il
thought by some that Bermuda onions mr.,
milder than those home grown, but if tb,
homemade were put into crates and trans
ported one thousand miles, they woult
lose some of their strong flavor. Th,
onion is very nutritious and healthfu
vegetable, but there is strong prelude,
against its use in this country on accoun
OF the odor which it gives to the breath
If the consumption were as common her,
as in the old country this would not b,
noticed. The White Portugal is the mild
est favored variety, hut does not keep a.
well as the Danvers Yellow or the Weth
ersfield Red The last is verv hardy
rank grower, but is II little too strons
Favored for most palates.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

w. A. Coleman writes as follows OF
the Michigan agricultural college in an
exchange:
They have Shorthorn and Alderney
cattle; Cotswod, Lincoln and Leicester.
shire sheep; Berkshire and Poland China
swine. In the nursery 5000 evergreen
and deciduous trees were planted; also
1000 apple gratis, prepared by the class,
and 5000 peach seedlings for fall budding
Various forest tree seeds were sown
There is a fine bearing vineyard and an
acre of trial vines; 600 trees have been
added to the orchard, which includes APP
pies, pears, plums,apricot,c cherries, peaches
and ounces, and this it is proposed to in.
crease as rapidly as possible with the
best market fruits for shipping, There
are two acres of small fruits for market
use.
= Owing to the failure of the Legislature
to make appropriation for the needs OF
the college, it has been forced to take 4
bold step for self-support, and it proposes
10 enter the field as II producer of and
dealer in nursery stock. supplying the
people of Missouri with reliable trees oil
all kinds at reasonable rates. To carry
out this plan it is proposed to send out as
agents Tin addition to few regular men,
the students of the college, who will thus
find profitable employment during their
vacations, while their connection with the
college will be guarantee to the people
of their reliability as tree agents. Itseems
to me that this is a capital idea. 1t will
at once bring the collnge into sympathy
with the people at large, as nothing else
could. The students, scattered through the
country will make the college real thing
10 the people, while they themselves will
acquire much knowledge of human nature
and practical life. They will learn bust
ness ways, and the people if they are
weil-served with the nursery stock, will
hold students and college in kindly re-
membrance and interest.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
A COMPLICATED CASE,

Gentemen,-My case is briefly as follows l have
had Catarrh for ten years each year with INCREASING
severity. For nine years had not breathed through
one nostri had droppings in the throat, bad
coug asthma bad to be obliged to taAe remedy
and constant dull pain in my head My head was at
times SO full Of catarrhal matter as to injure sense
of hearing and compel to get mp several times in
the night to clear i and my throat before could
disappeared, under the of not quite three bottles
of SANFoRD's RADICAL CURE My hearing is fully re-
stored. have no asthnatic symptoms, no cough,
droppings in the throat, no headache, and in every
way better than have been for years could feel the
aud, in fact every part Of my system What has been
done in case Is wholly the effect of the RADICAL
CuRE Very respectfully, III. LAWRENCE.
Fitchburg Oct. IA
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

BUTTER FOR LONG KEEPING.-Dr. j.
Higbe refers to paragraph in the Tribune
about "sranalated butter, in barrels of
brine, reaching London from America,
said to be fresh and NICE" and he requests
full particulars as TO process of making,
packing and shipment. The mode of
granuated butter making is to cburn the
cream in the usual way till just before it
is ready to gather-till the butter will
separate from the buttermik, aud rise to
the top like cream, which it will always
do before gathering. At this stage the
contents of the churn are cooled down TO
SO or so by introducing cold water or
brine, and the work finished by churning
slowly. The butter will then form to fine
pellets or granules instead of into one
solid lump or few large Jumps. The
butter tlrus graduated il separated from
the buttermilk in any convenient way, ard
washed either in cold water or brine till
the water will run off clear; two washngs
are generally enough. A tight cask of the
size desired, and suitable for holding
butter, is prepared beforehand, and filled
partly full of brine as strong as can be
made from pure salt. Into this the butter
is put rs soon as washed without any
working or sailing. If enough is not made
in one churning, the butter must be kept
down under the the brine till the cask is
filled, and then headed up tight. Through
hole in the head any little vacancy thai
may exist must be filled perfectly will
brine, and the hole plugged. 1t is Their
ready for transportation or long keeping
When wanted for use it may be taker
from the cask and pressed into any sole
form desired, and the brine adhering to i
will season it about as much as people
desire it. If wanted fresh it may be wash
ed in cold water, when it will be as fresl
and rosy as when it came out of the churn
The salt for the brine must be of the pures
kind, or the butter will be bleached BY
lying in it. The butter sent to England
last year was prepared by Mr.. John Hig
gins, of Speedsville, N. Y; we do no
know through what channel it was ship
ped.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

"SCoURs' IN Es.-Ths disease, 50
fatal to young calves, is most common
where COWS and calves are housed, and
among COWS brought up artifcially. Apart
from hereditary tendency and the new de-
mands on the digestive functions of the
young thing, it isl mainly due especially
in calves brought up at The pail, TO long
fasts and subsequent rapid gorging, or
to being compelled to drink sour, stale
milk, sometimes given too warm. Some
times, even when fed naturally. the milk
contains injurious matters, owing to the
COW being over-driven, excited, or having
access to foul water, or on account of the
milk having been retained too long in the
udder. The early symptoms area dirty
tail, dizziness, disregard of food and alb.
dominal fullness with fluid. bad smelling
yellow or whitish fnces discharged with
violence or pain. As treatment, the pa
tent should be removed to clean, airy
but warm box. If put on the milk of a
iarrow cow,it should have that of one that
has calved more recently and if the
health of the nurse or the bag cakes, the
calf should besupplied from more healthy
source. the little thing is given 20 rapid
drinking, an artificial teat in the pail for it
to suck ut will partially remedy the habit.
The stomach should be cleared of irritating
food and acrid discharges by dose of one
or two ounces of castor oil and teaspoon.
full of laudanum If the skin, mem brane.
OF the mouth, nose or eyes, are of vel
lowish tint, two grains of calomcl and
twenty grains Of chalk may be added and
repeated daily for some time. In the
absence of the yellowish tinge, give with
each meal tablespoonful of sherry wine
in which one-eighth of the fourth stomach
of calf has been stepped for twenty foul
hours. A table spoonful of tincture o
cinnamon, with twenty grains each Of
chalk and gum arabic,will be an excellent
addition. Finally if the abdomen is tens,
or tender to the touch, it should be rubbe,
over with n thin pulp made of the bes
ground mustard and tepid water. an,
covered with bandage TO prevent drying
until it has taken effect on the skin-Ru
raj RsD Yorker.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

CURRANT WoRM.-Try white hellebore
Silt it on the bushes while wet with dew
They eat it with the leaf. have used i
for eight years, and have never failed tt
save both fruit and bushes, and have never
discovered any bad effect from lis use. A.
to the tobacco, who would boil it and USE
it even to save currants have seen il
used; the worms would drop to the ground
lie there short time, then find their way
back into the bushes, with eharpened ap.
petites, apparently. Better leave it for
the poor chewers, alone. and try the
hellebore. 1t will be cheaper and more
eefeectual. 1t is good for slugs on rose
bushes, also. Ohio Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
MISCELLANEOUS.
Central Vermont R. R. Line.
Commencing Monday Dec. 20. 1879
-vI1SsaoING SOUTH ANDEAsT'

-v.rSsaoIYG SOUTH ANDEAsT
NontpeIieratsO6an and Hasa N. hS'andiO''V
P;M.s r,press from Syracuse and ogdens-
Portenu hans and Burlington arLlNt,sa q X
bury. a. " Mixed Train leaves M3r,,u i. = go
pen pen iMontpelier Junction a25 A NJ ior "H'''
Junctlon AIN from Montreal ST Alba2e. b pdl.nn
MALI leaves Montpelier 45 4; a; ioT Intep
HWsw1 london, Springfield, New horA' an"
mediate I2lnrssii AIbant3 20 Burlington
y Montpelier - p. NJ, for Northn.elu .t c. Al
SIaHT EXPRESS from n for
DALE aso 49, va Lowell or FitchburBh, SprlhgheiN
YoPkandi n termediattpolnts
rRAINsGoINGNoRTHA WEST
Nontpellerat85O 500 C5A. NJ. 10 g and 30, r; ~
nv RxPREss leaves Boston VIA fItch11u ns M NJ
via Lowell $50 A. M, New lunu y, 9 G Rnr-
=: ~, All OO A. NJ, Montpelier % r N, LOT Dur
nprl,hs 81 Gihans Montreal and Ogdelisnutti, ~
hcColsNoDATION Train leaves ~ ti9nd 81
Montpelier SO IN A. M tor n"'ii"1
AipaRs ahu White River junction "
eId In N NJ Montpelier ~ 80 A. Z, LOT D"I 'ihE ' "
hIhans RirhfOrd Rouses Point. &c. Iii a, : Ok L,
pREss leaves Boston via Lowe a, . %
via Ftchburgh 500 ?. n.y. i, o. {urIiny
SPRINGFIELD OOP MOntpelleTo ~ y, No. ~ ana the
ton st. Adams, MOntreal ana oHue''N '
"ff rssinsl cave WontpelerforBarre att A. M'''T
NJ anG Il eBarreat745A M,andiOe'A and
attached to NiTh Express iraln'
runuiny between Montreal ana 'ostIn ,an" TO- snf
Paplor cars aud Day Express between Boston ah'
MThhIrFomnh tickestor Weshorsalea
theprincipais'a''ohS' w.HoBARTa
| denl Supt 9.
81. Adams, vt .Decemhere7. 1879.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
How Wide Tires I

They have had philosopher in the
Massachusetts legislature for several years,
and every session he has had an array OF
facts and figures showing the loss occa-
stoned by damage to highways by narrow
tired vehicles-and to these facts he has
had appended bill regulating the width
of tires and prescribing wide ones, vary
ing somewhat according to the character
of the vehicle. But at the present session
those hub fellows got tired of hearing the
matter spoken of so often and some two
hundred friends signed remonstrance
against the bill, which failed to become a
law.
Whatever may be the case for highways
we are firm in the belief of the superiority
of wide tires for farm use, and the general
tendency has been in that direction for the
last fifty years, and where carts were COM
mon with two and two and half incl
tire those Of four inches are now quite a.
common.
When at the New England fair last fal
we saw set Of two-horse wagon wheel:
with three inch tires which pleased II:
much, and now have ordered and received
them. They are in all other respects al
inch and three-quarter wheel, except tina
the felloes are three inches in width. The,
are first-class work and were made by Mr.
Chas. G. Reed of Worcester, Mass, who's,
wheels and wheel stock took the premium
there. Geo. Brewster, Esq, of Irasburgh
had a wagon with wheels Of that widtl
felloe, and he spoke in unqualified term
of them for farm work, and road use a
well.
Wide tires will not cut up the land II
much, and not sinking into the dirt Wi
not block rs much and will consequent
draw much more easily. We are niue
pleased with our wheels and believe i
the Taunton philosophy, and in Mr.. Reed
wheels as opponents of it.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
IT CAN BE CURED

can be cured. There is no doubt about it. The i'm
Imsiiate relief afforded by SANFoRD's RADICAL CURE
CArARRH is but slight evidence of what may fol-
low persistent of this remedy. The hard incrus-
matter that has lodged in the nasal passages is
moved with few applications; the liberation and in
Innings Of the head cleansed aud purified Const-
agent destroying in its course through the system the
anid plisO tho destructive agentn Catarrhal disease
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

Keep your farm buildings and all your
premises absolutely clean. Use absorbents
such as dry earth and ashes, and all often
siye gases will disappear; thereby promot-
ing health and prosperity.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
agricultural department.
o. TINKHAM, Editor.

All communications for this department should be
sent to the editor. Mr.. o. NJ. TINKHAM. n. Pou
fret. VT.
Please write one side of the paper only sign such
name or initials as you wished published but give
your FULL NAME AND ADDRESS, post Office, County and
State.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

Land and Home closed its issue the 18th
instant, transferring its list 10 the Agricus.
mrist. We are sorry to lose it, as it was
valuable in matter and pleasant in charac-
ear.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
g 7 ARR r
IS IT DURABLE

VNHOSE who have suffered from the various and
Il complicated forms of disease assumed BY Catarrh
out relief or cure await the answer to the question
no disease that be mentioned is so universally
prevalent and so destructive to health as Catarrh
ly fatal affections of the lungs follow, in many in
Stances of simple hut neglected Catarrh Other
sympathetic affections such as deafness, impaired
eyesght and loss of of SMELL may be referred to
minor but nevertheless serious results of neglected
Catarrh, bad enough i'll themselves, but nothing
compared with the dan affections of the throat
n IL llnLr To
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

Philadelphia is arrcsting numbers of
oleOmargarine swindlers-that's the right
name for those who sell the stuff as butter
for butter prices.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26
COLLINS voLTAIc PLAsTERs
Price 25 Cents.

Hnn Scrap Book Pictures. 10 cts, 100 Transfer
HHEE Pictures, 10 cts, Stereoscopic Views IL
HM cts, Gard Photos, 10 eta, ASKS or ssit
AUU Chromos, 10 cts. % Transparent Capds
10 cts, % Filtration Cards, 10 cts, 100 NJ IL
ed Foreign Stamps 10 cts the entire lot for rs cts
post paid, soHooL TEACHERS SEND STAMP FOR SAN.
LES OF. REWARD CARDS, nc, Name this paper A
essh Ii. Il. SLAYTON, Montpelier, vt
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

The rains of last week have been timely
and were much needed in our parts Corn
is now (22d mostly in, and it is not too
dry for it TO come up well. There will lie
larger breadth planted than usual, and
commercial fertilizers are creeping in.
We try this year little n1urate of potash
and bone black TO supplement the barnyard
manures and hope to get back new dollar
for the old one and a little beside for inter-
est. Will onr readers who are trying
chemical fertilizers make experiments to
test their value, which can be easily done
by putting manure on some, chemicals on
others and both on still other parts of the
field? and we would be glad to print the
results.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-26

OLEoMARGARINE VS.. BUrTER.-The
fight against oleomargurine must be main
tanned alane by bad butter. and it is to the
interest of butter dairying that oleomar-
garine should come off victor, for bad but
ter is a degradation to the butter industry.
This manufactured product will teach
dairymen that cleanliness, tact and intelli-
gence are indispensable in butter making.
Good butter must always be preferred
to oleomargsrine, on account OF its flavor,
aroma, natural purity and healthtulhess.
Good butter contains moro soluble deli
cious butter fats than oleomargarine.
The last patent butter fraud is made
from lard. Should this fat, in manufac.
turing. be raised to only one hundred and
twenty degrees Fahrenheit. it will be dan
gerous to health and life from trichinD.
1t is charged against oleomargarine that
one hundred and twenty degrees Fahren-
het leaves it raw fat. and a receptacle for
disease germs, or morbid secretions and
embryos of parasites which may be taken
into the system and develop disease. This
may be the danger to which lard butter is
exposed, as well as the trichinoss danger
About seven per cent of pork contains it
Give US good butter, dairymen. and we
will let oleomargarine and lard butter dc
their utmost against bad butter. The only
danger to the butter industry is the fraud
ulent selling Of oleomargarine and lart
butter as the genuine product OF the dairy
"A. s. Heath, N. D., IN American DAIRY
man.