The Red Cloud chief., 1880-10-14
IpaY AxONe rnE wELsa CAS-
TtEN.

NArAG n aNA a 49,
loag for the puviSsv gfAassd :" tas"
Engltsh cousins. of ToasniHs over IVY
covered rusns climbing kny ,a~sr"
and rndaagsrsng their n al han
ner q. dangerous PlArcA ADJ 81 nv
.,rsar ~ mpathy With tAs iss4t IA e"ts
lcxA. ms Is tell b stop II Eny cSPlos-
ings IN tsc old castles. whoso nanaes
ought Ia be familiar - AZ s~chnn%SsyA
Ra; | must arsi give q \ iiiie cary
Enri, h and Welsh history. TIA; yol
ma, know shy these castles were bulk
When Essland became = sstilei
Kingdom. With n number of diVsssoss
whose Princes wvrc under the kngltsh
King. Ani whose p~ople paid does ;o
him. Wales was one uf these divisions,
and At times the Welsh were very
troublesome. refusing "a pat dues sc
submit 10 the Will Of the Ming Castles
were built and given Ia English Euei.s.
Ia whom WAS allowed al The lani they
could seize from the Welsh. and the
people were oppressed in various WAYS
I'LL l.iewrll,n became Prince IL North
Wales when licnry Ill. \ boy ouly
nine ycars old. Was crowned. LleseIlfh
acknowledged him ~ Ming. and iof
hfty-six years rendered obedience 10
him a. superior sovereign. bat when
Edwar! I. bccamc Ming. Lic~vllyn al
last threw Of the yoke. and resisted
sturiily. lie was finally forced to sub
nit, but falling in III with
All English knight. hts brother David.
claiming 10 be legal sovereign Of North
Wales, summoned council at
Welsh chieftains nj Ucnhlgh. n
little town In the north OF
Wales. They determined Ia
hoSiilitics against the English, bat were
not successful. David was Imprisoned.
and this was the end of Welsh indie
p~endcnce.
Wales was united "a England. and
Edward /. determined "a secure the
submission and willing obedience IT is
people. IL is SAID ho promised them n
Prince who could not speak n word oi
English. Now. he had \ baby boz who
wa, aflerwari Edward II he present
ed him n the promised Prince. and.
ever since. the oldest son OF the En-
gli,h King i, called the Prince IL Wales.
This little Prince lived In Carnarson.
the largest Of the one hundred and
forty-ihree castles in North Wales. and
il il If the beautiful ruin Of this castle
that ! will lrs, tell You
II is on n high hin in the western part
If Wales; climbing the hill ,ou come
upon a huge mass II gray stone, with
immense towers: On two sides surround
ed by n river. while n moat or ditch
protects thc other tive. Originally
there were thirteen towers; five have
fallen. and the stones have been carried
away by the inhabitants IL the town to
build their quaint little houses.
The castle has only narrow openings
for windows on the outside: these are
not more than four inches wide. but the
walls are ten feet thick. and these win
dows are sve or six feet wide on the
inside. the sides slaniing close together
through the thickness ii the wall as
they get near the outside. thus forming
"A kind II room In each window.
In those days. battles were fought
and castles defended principally with
cross-bows and arrows. and these win
dow-nicbes furnished standing room for
six or eight men. who I'm turn dis
charged their arrows ut the cnemy.
IL was very easy for them. close to
the narrow openings. TO aim carefully
al the enemy. bu; almost impossible for
the outsiders To send their arrows where
they would take effect
The towers are full 81 crooked pas
sages and narrow. stone staircazes. with
rooms OF all sizes and shapes. Enter
ing the door Mt the end VI the path
and passing up the worn and broken
stone steps. ! almost lest my way In
dark galleries. where the c~hai,ering 81
the birds which have appropriated the
deep windows for their nests. aud the
sound II my own footsteps re echoed
till / had hardly courage Ia complete the
ascent At last IL grew lighter. and !
found myself in the open space between
the two smaller towers.
In the center Of the main tower. In
the good OH times. there were five
rooms. one above another. The floor.
have fallen. and. looking over the inner
wall. / could see only the holes where
fioor-beams had rested. and a heap Of
ruins NJ the bottom. Around these cen
trial halls. which must have been lighted
by artificial means. were smaller rooms.
and siairrases only wide enough for
person To pass. At the enI IT each
staircase Is n door. so that. granting the
enemy succeeded in forcing passage To
the court-a large oblong square in the
center Of the castle "a single soldier
could defend such n mario. staircase
and vet be safe himself.
suppose boys would climb To the top
Of the small tower where the flag s,afi
stands. ] did not care to. 80 ! went
down and began q search for Prince
Edwards room. The old histories say
he was born IN the tower. but there
are always people who like 10 spoil q
good story. and these say he was three /
years old when brought here like
the old story. . ] asked guide 10
show me where The Prince was born. !
Entering the same door. we climbed
the steps till we reached the
room in the second story, light /.
ed by the narrow window 10 the
left Of the door. The little squar.
window jus; above II lighted the .'con-
f~essional. q little niche in the wall still
holding the receptacle for holy water.
This rorm passed. we wen, clear
around the tower. till we came through
the II all passages 20 a room
only ten feet by twelve. This
VA certainly the roam Of Queen
Eleanor and the first Prince Of Wales.
whether he VA born there. or brought
when \ very small boz. Back II the
window Is a narrow door whieh
opens upon wax upon the
walls. called Queen Eieanors
walk She could not 20 outside the
castle walls. and ]; would nos be pleas-
ar, for her IN the court with soldiers
passing 20 and fro. and her onIy exercise
0uf-o:-doovs had % be taken on this
narrow path. When the walls were in
repair she could walk from this tower
TO the next through that 70 another
wall. and 20 on around the castle. en-
teriny back II the Confessional fol-
lowed the walk n little say, and was
glad eEosgh that ] Was not compelled.
Ike the poor Queen. 10 take al M
fresh air On \ path two feet wide on
castle walls. This tower. called EsyIe
Tower. ~as the strongest OF the thir-
teen. and for This reason the Quesa xas