Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-02-21

LOCOMOTIVE DRIvING.-Will you please
inform us the following: The fastest time
made by locomotive and the time on the
New York and Albany Railroad?
SUBSCRIBER.
AaSwer.-We cannot answer Subscriber"
definitely. There is no register of locomotive
time, and the claims of fast time all depend
upon statements of which no accurate ac-
count has been made. and nearly all are in
dispute. 1t is claimed that on a Scotch road
locomotive, two or three years ago, made
nine miles in seven minutes and two seconds.
SEVERAL QUEsTIoNs.-Please answer the
following in the RECORD UNION: l. What
makes the ocean so salt2 2. In what part
of England is Cornwall? g. In what part
of England was Lord Byron born, and when
did he dies
Placerville, January, 1880. ]. G.
AaSwVr.-1. The ocean holds in solution a
variety of saline matters. The greatest pres
ence is chloride of sodium common salt.
which, with small quantities of sulphate Of
magnesia, sulphate and carbonate of lime,
iodine and bromide of magnesium, forms
about one-thirtieth of the total weight of the
aqueous solution. The proportion of salt
varies in different places. The saline ele-
ments may be derived from geological forma-
lions, but strata of this character always
DttI VI DcluS ucpOSlGcu lIOlu dlClcUJ
oceans, so that this derivation throws no light
upon the real source of the salt, which is as
yet matter of theory. There are, no doubt.
beneath the sea saline strata and mineral
springs.
2. 1t forms the southwest extremity of the
island of Great Britain, and is bounded east
by Devonshire, and ON all other sides by the
ocean.
8. In London, January 3D. 1888; died at
Mi solonghi, Greece, April 10. 1894.
MARKs.-Will you be so kind as to settle a
question ~ as to the correct use of the quo
tation marks within quotations Also, ~
the correct use of the cash? l.. d.
Visalia, February 10th.
Ansacer Marks of quotation [""1 are
placed before and after words, phrases or
sentences, and indicate that the Ian
guage is borrowed from another. They
are used also to signify distinct .disa-
vowal of adoption of the term or word
used where its origin is not well known and
its use not considered good writing-the quo
tation being in such cases from custom,
slang or peculiar use by class of people.
Examples:
l. He, speaking next, replied al have fear
Of death" 2. This g cracksnan" is dangerous
fellow
Single quotation points mark quotation
within quotation If, however, a quota
ton is made from still third source, the
double marks are again used. Example
'sThs friend of humanity says When | consider
their lives seem to see the golden age" begin
ming again.
Titles of books or of periodicals, and names
of vessels usually require marks Of quotation,
unless they are italicized, as,
"waverley was reviewed in :" The Edinburgh"
But this rule is not deemed essential by very
many good writers and by many newspapers
The dash II, either alone or combined
with other signs is used where the construt-
ton or the sense. is suddenly changed or sus-
pended, as
This world, It's true, was made for Cesar-but for
Titus, too.
When the sentence terminates abruptly
81 looked and prayed, like thee-but now"
He hung his head
To set off a parenthesis, especially when
emphatic, as when there are other points
within it, as,
He was dressed-and, indeed, so were they nearly
all-in coarse homespun.
Before echoes, or where that is or namely is
understood, as:
All the rest was mere hourish-mere palaver
Between title and the subject-matter, or
the subject-matter and the authority for it,
when both are in the same paragraph,
the above are the chief and most essential
uses of the dash. 1t may be added that no
mark of punctuation is more abused in its
use.
r.