The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-08-20

The Boys in Blue Addressed by President
Hayes and Gen. Sherman.
COLUMBUS, o., Aug. 12.-rhe third
and last day of the reunion opened with
the usual salute of thirty eight guns.
The grand parade of veterans took place
to-day. Each regimental organization
with its old battle flags and ensigns, pre-
cedcd by attending military companies,
and followed by great troops of cavalry
composed the procession, which was
over three miles long. In some few
cases, but one member of regiment
was in the procession, but that one car
ried an old flag. 1t is estimated that
10000 were in the procession.
The city is all life and festivity to-
night, reunions, speech making, general
greetings and military organizations be-
ing the order of the hour. The eX-
prisoners of the war held their head
quarters in the city hall, where they had
this morning IA rousing meeting, it being
devoted especially to their experiences
in the southern war prisons, given by
various prominent eX-soldiers, remin-
iscences bringing tears to the eyes of
strong men.
The president and party arrived at the
fair grounds at 3 p. M, when salute of
twenty-one guns was fired and music
played by the barracks band President
Hayes was introduced. He was greeted
with loud cheers on introduction, and at
various points in his speech. The fol-
lowing are the principal points in his
address:
After congratulating the soldiers on
their reunion and the glorious privilege
they had of serving on the right side in
| the great conflict for the union and equal
rights, he referred to the subject of i'm
migration and SAID: ut is easily seen
what it is that chiefly attracts immigra-
ton; it goes where good land is cheap :;
where labor and capital find profitable
employment; where peace and social or
der prevail; where civil and religious
! liberty are secure. If we draw nearer to
the subject and ask where in our own
country does this immigration mainly
! go, the recent census, whose results we
are now getting, gives us the answer
| That census shows us parts of our coun-
try where land is cheap and where cap
! ital and labor are needed. In these states
it will be found that two things are want
ing-the means for popular education
not sufficiently provided and the good
order of society disturbed by Il prac-
teal, popular refusal to accept the re-
suits of the war for the Union. These
two defects, wherever they prevail in our
American society, are hostile to the in
crease of population and to prosperity.
1t must, perhaps, he conceded that
there was one great error in the meas
sures by which it was sought to secure
the results-to harvest the fruits of our
union victory The system of slavery
in the south of necessity kept in ignOr-
ance four millions of slaves. 1t also
left unprovided with education large
number of non-slavc-holding white peo-
pie. With the end of the war the
| claws ipavitahiu hacaOna Cit:zano Tho
uneducated whites remained as they had
been, also citizens. Thus the grave du-
ties and responsibilities of citizenship
were devolved largely, in the states late
~ in rebellion, upon uneducated people,
white and colored, and with what re-
suits? Liberty, and the exercise of the
rights of citizenship are excellent edu-
Gators. In many respects ! am glad 10
believe that encouraging progress has
been made at the south. The labor sys-
tenn has been recognized, material pros
perity is increasing, race prejudice and
antagonisms have diminished, the pas
sions and animosities of the war are sub
siding, and the ancient harmony and
concord and patriotic national senti-
ment are returning, but after all we can
not fail to observe that immigration
which so infallibly and Instinctively
finds out the true condition of all coun.
tries does not largely go into the late
slaYc-holding states. Slavery has been
destroyed by the war, but its evils live
after it and deprive the south of that IN
telligent selfgovernment without which,
in America Mt least, great and perma-
nent prosperity is impossible. To per.
petuate the Union and to abolish slav.
cry, were the work of the war. To ed.
ucate the uneducated is the appropriate
work of peace. AS long as any consId
cradle number of our countrymen arc
uneducated, the citizenship of every
American in every state is impaired in
value, and is constantly imperilled. II
is plain that at the end of the war
the tremendous change in the la
Dor and social systems of the
southern states, and the ravages
and impoverishment of the conflict, add
ed to the burden of their debts, and the
loss of their whole circulating medium
which died on their hands, left the peo
pie of those states in no condition to pro
vide for a universal popular education
In a recent memorable address on thi:
subject in behalf of the trustees of tho
Peabody educational fund, Hon. A. H
: II. Stuart, of Virginia, shows that 1000,
, 900 of children in the southern states art
without the means of instruction, anC
adds with great force: Where million:
4 of citizen are growing up in the crosses
: ignorance, it is obvious that neither in
dlvidual charity nor the resources of the
: impoverished states will be sufficient t.
/ meet the emergency; nothing short o
the wealth and power of the federal gov
eminent will suffice to overcome the evil
: The principle applied by general con
I sent TO works of public improvement i.
+ in point That principle is, that where
Il ever public improvement is of nationa
importance, and the local and privatl
enterprises are inadequate to its prosecu
/ ton, the general government should un
q dertake it. On tins principle, / woulS
deal with the question of education b.
{ the aid of the national government
II Wherever in the United States the loca
systems of popular education are made
quate, they should be supplemented b,
5 the general government, by devoting L
d the purpose of suitable legislation, AM
Il with proper safeguards, the public lands
:, or if necessary, appropriations from tn
treasury of the United States The sol
der of the Union has done his work an,
a has done it well. The work of tn
II schoolmaster is now in order.
Gen. Sherman was then introduce,
q and said:
=. FELLOW SOIDIERs-My speech is NO
r written nor has it even been thought @
by me. II delights my soul to lool
upon you and see so many of the goo,
If boys left yet. They are not afraid @