The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1880-06-26


greatly in quiekness and economy Of fat
tening, when dried of at advanced age for
this purpose. Their beef also proves Of
superior quality to that Of most COWS.
The colors Of Short horn cattle are
greatly admired, and to the aesthetic eve
are the most desirable Of all. They vary |
from pure white TO light and deep bright |
strawberry roam, red and white 10 different
sized patches, and pure red The skin is
a rich yellow, with an orange-eolored nose,
rim round the eyes. The horns are short
and project generally from the head with |
a graceful in and down curve. Nothing
10 the bovine species equals a herd Of
these in majestic presence; and no ami |
mails are more ornamental reposing ia the /
gentleman's park, or wandering and crop
ping the suceulent grass Of the grazier's
pasture. They are justly termed atke
aristocraey of cattle
Short-horns in considerable numbers
began TO be imported into America from
England in 1917, and have continued
more or less to the present time. They
have been fertile here, and bred in such
perfection as to find many English pur-
chasers for their progeny at extraordina-
rily high prices, to be taken back to the
country Of their ancestors The first Herd
book for the record of their pedigrees was
got up in 1s4o by Mr.. Lewis II. Allen, of
Buffalo. Nineteen volumes Of this stan.
dard work are now published, recording
upward of 81 500 bulls and 45, 900 cows
of Thoroughbred stock. Aside from these.
owing to the Indifference or carelessuess
Of breeders, considerable number (prob-
ably IL 900 animals) in the United States
and Canada, have not yet been entered,
which greatly lessons their value when Of
fered for sale, as those who desire to pur-
chase improved animals usually require
authentic printed records Of their breeding.
As high grade and full bred Short horn
steers are found to make such excellent
beef, and prove so acceptable in their ex-
ira size, sound constitution and hardness,
it is no wonder they are so eagerly sought
for to export to Europe. II is fortunate
that we possess the material in hand now
to produce these abundantly, yet still
hardly fast enough to supply the rapidly
increasing demand for expectation to Eu-
rope. These, combined with other things.
may well encourage continued extension
Of railroads through the great West, aud
the settlement and stocking the vast open
plains and numerous sheltered valleys
there, crowned with rich, nutricious grass
enough to rear millions upon millions Of
cattle beyond our present production.
The Hereford equals the Short horn in
size, hardness and constitution, and gives
as good beef, but he has q thicker hide
and rather more bone and offaI; nor does
he mature quite so early, or make SO rapid
Improvement in his progeny when crossed
upon other races. With these slight de.
merits in comparison with the Short-horn
he possesses the advantsge--at least in hi.
own native home Of England, where grass
is more abundant, and continues longer il
season than in America-of being tn,
more profitable of the two for grazing
No other breed, perhaps, makes beef Of |
superior quality, or gains so rapidly o.
grass alone as the Hereford; he therefor,
has the preference above all others fo
rearing aud iattening at pasture solely
: This well fits him for assisting to stoeI
cur vast Western plains and the eolde
valleys of the Roekey Mountains; and il
these localities he is now winning consid
erable favor for the production of bullocks
> The cows generally are not suitable 70
: the dairy, they giving usually only sui6
cient milk to rear their calves till ol.
enough to get their living on grass. Blu
this best accommodates their breeders, es
pecially at the West, where the calf
allowed to run with the dam to suck q
will, as the least expensive and troublesom
method of rearing It,
As TO the general color Of the Hereford
the greater part Of the body is a dark red
with line back, white face, throat, breas
and part Of the belly aud legs. Som,
: breeders, however, prefer more red o.
: their cattle, brockled face aud line bacl
alone best suiting them. This is matte
Of mere fancy, and has nothing to do will
their merits in the production Of superi
or quality Of beef
Tho horns are long and lofty, with al
outward graceful twist near the top, Civ
ing their wearer quite an imposing an
pearance. On one Of my visits to Oxford
England, | saw a numerous herd of ia
Hereford bullocks grazing on rich mead
ow bordering the city though ii ha,
never seen anything grander in the cattl
line, and they harmonized well with th,
magnificent buildings, near by, of that re
nowned university.
/. Tr al hsa x,afne. A. H.. :. a a
formed, most blood like, and active q
cattle. He is to his congeners what III
Arabian is 10 other horses. In consequence
Of this, and being only about three-iourth
, the size Of the Short-horn or Hereford. h
: is better suited than either Of these 70
shorter pasture or hilly country. De1
ons make the best of work oxen, having
: walk as fast as that of horse, aud ca
trot fair pace when allowed. They ar
much used in tho yoke on the farm an
road in different parts Of the country, Ii
seven 20 ten years old, then turned out /
grass to fatten for the shambles. which
rapidly and economically done. Thei
beef at this age is equal to any; and If fe
from calf-hood till three years old, It
then considered BY some little suocrio
! to Short-horn or Hereford. On the abun
dant pastures and in the rich cornfelds q
the West the size Of the Devon has bee
increased, and they are usually markete
, there for slaughter at tho same ago as In
Herefords, not being worked there in th
, yoke so much as at the East.
The cows are unsurpassed in the dair-
when bred for this purpose. The Earl .
Leicester had large herd on his Norfolk
estate, which was among the best Of Eng.
land, and Mr.. Patterson's, Of Maryland
now owned by MIR. Frank Brown, Of Car
roll county, Nd, aud others ia the Unite.
States, are equally celebrated.
The color Of the Deyons varies from
changeable crimson to bright mahoganl
red. A white switch adorns the tail, an.
a patch Of white occasionally marks Ii,
udder Of the COW, especially OF those whicl
are the greatest mixers. The skin is
rich vollOw with n,anon- -,,olorod 49,. -.