The Eaton Democrat. (Eaton, Ohio) 1875-1903, 1880-12-09
WHOLE NUMBER 10.
America and Of trans-Paci6c countries, Ia COM
mended to the serious consideration Of Congress


THE JUnIoIARY.
1t is recommended that the number Of
judges Of the Circuit Court In each circuit,
with the exception of the Second Circuit.
should be increased by the addition Of another
judge; in the Second Circuit, that two should
be added; and that an intermediate Appellate
Court should be formed in each circuit, to con-
sist of the Circuit Judges and the Circuit JUS
tice, and that in the event of the absence of
either of these judges the place Of the absent
judge should be supplied by the Judge Of one
OF the District Courts in the circuit. Such an
appellate court could be safely invested with
large jurisdiction, and its decisions would
satisfy suitors in many cases where appeals
would still be allowed to the Supreme Court.
Tho expense incurred for this intermediate
court will require very moderate increase OF
the appropriations for the expenses of the De-
partment of Justice. This Recommendation is
Congress.
INDIAN AFFAIRS.
1t gives me great pleasure to say that our In
dian affairs appear to be in more hopeful con-
dition now than ever before. Tho Indians
have made gratifying progress in agriculture,
herding and mechanical pursuits. Many who
were few years ago in hostile conflict with the
Government are quietly settling down on farms
where they hope to make their permanent
homes, building houses and engaging in the oc-
cupations of civilized life. The Introduction of
the freighting business among them has been
remarkably fruitful Of good results, in giving
many of them congenial and remunerative en-
ployment, and in stimulating their ambition to
earn their own support. Their honesty, fidelity
and efficiency as carriers nre highly praised.
The organization of police force of Indians,
has been equally successful in maintaining law
and order upon the reservations, and IN e1ercls-
ing wholesome moral influence among the In
dians themselves. concur with the Secretary
of the Interior in the recommendation that the
pay of this force be increased, an inducement
to the best class of young men to enter it.
Much care and attention has been devoted to
the enlargement of educational facilities for
the Indians. The means available for this I'M
portant object have been very inadequate. A
few additional boarding schools ut Indian agen-
cies have been established, and the erection OF
buildings has been begun for several more, but
an increase of the appropriations for this IN
teresting undertaking is greatly needed to nc
comnlodate the large number of Indian child
rem Of school age The numbes of Indian pu-
| pills ut the Normal School at Hampton, Virgin
| la, under the direction of General Armstrong,
| has been considerably increased, and their pro-
| gress is highly encouraging. The Indian school
| established by the Interior Department in 1879,
| ut Carlisle, Pennsylvania, under the direction
of Captain Pratt, has been equally successful.
| A similar school was established this year at
Forest Grove Oregon, for the education Of In
diln youth on the Pacific coast.
The expenses of Indian education have so
| far been drawn from the permanent civilization
fund at the disposal of the Department OF the
| Interior; but the fund is now SO much reduced,
| that the continuance of this beneficial work
will in the future depend on specific appropri-
ations by Congress for the purpose, and ven
| ture to express the hope that Congress will not
| permit institutions SO fruitful OF good results,
to perish for want of means for their support.
The past year has been unusually free from
disturbances among the Indian tribes. An
agreement has heen made with the Utes by
| which they surrender their large reservation IN
Colorado in consideration of an annuity, to be
| paid to them, and agree to settle in severalty
on certain lands designated for that purpose, as
| farmers holding individual title to that land
| IN fee-simple, inalienable for certain period.
In this way costly Indian war has been avoid
ed. The conduct of the Indians throughout
the country. during the past year, with but few
noteworthy exceptions, has been orderly and
peaceful.
THE PUBLIc LANDS
A large increase is reported in the disposal
| of public lands for settlement during the past
year, which marks the prosperous growth OF
our agricultural industry, and vigorous
| movement of population toward our unoccupied
lands. AS this movement proceeds, the codlh-
cation of our land laws, as we'll as proper leg
islation to regulate the disposition Of public
lands, become of more pressing necessity, and
| therefore invite the consideration OF Con-
gress to the report made by the Public Lands
Commission, which were communicated by me
to Congress at the last session. Early action
upon this important subject Is highly desirable
The attention of Congress is again asked te
the wasteful depredations committed on oui
public timber lands, and the rapid and indis-
criminate destruction of our forests. The
urgent necessity for legislation to this end is
now generally recognized. In view Of the law
less characters of the dopredations committed
and the disastrous consequences which will in
evitably follow their continuance, Legislation
has again and again been recommended to ar
rest the evil, and to preserve for the people o.
our Western States and Territories the timbe
| e. l., -. AL thnra al
MINING INTERESTS.
The consolidation of the various geologica
and geographical surveys and exploring onter
prises, each of which has heretofore operates
upon an Independent plan, without concert
can not fail to be Of great benefit to all thos
industries of tho country which depend upol
the development Of our mineral resources. Th
labors of scientific men, of recognize zedmerit, VIII
compose the corps Of the Geological Survey
during the first season of their field operation
and inquiries, appear to have been comprehen
Bive, and will soon be communicated to Con
gress in o number Of volumes. The Dirccto
Of the Survey recommends that the investga
tions carried on by his bureau, which, SO fai
have been confined to the so-called public Ian
States and Territories, be e1tendedover the en-
: ton be made for this purpose. This would b
particularly beneficial to the iron, coal ant
other mining interests Of the Mississippi Vale
and of the Eastern and Southern States. Th
} subject is commended to the careful considers
ton Of Congress.
MORE PUBLIC BUILDINGS WANTED.
Thesecretary of the Interior asks attention
, | to the want Of room in the public buildings o
the capital, now existing and in progress o
/ construction, for the accommodation Of th
3 | clerical force employed, and OF the publ
: | records. Necessity has compelled the rentin
9 of private buildings in different parts OF tn
! | city for the location Of public Offices, TO
' which large amount of rent is annually paid
' while the separation of offices belonging to tn
: same Department impedes the transaction o
current business The Secretary suggests tina
/ the blocks surrounding Lafayette Square o.
j the east, north, and west, be purchased as th
t sites for new edifices, for the accommodation 9
the Government Offices leaving the square II
self intact; and that, IL such building
were constructed upon harmonious plan c
architecture, they would add much to the beau
: ty of the national capital, and would, togethe
{ | with the Treasury and the new State, Nav
7 and War Department bnilding, form one Of tn
y most imposing groups Of public ediices In tn
J | world.
COMMISSIONER LIE DUG, HIS SUGAR AND HIS TEA
i The Commissioner of Agriculture expresse
q the confident belief that his efforts In behalf {
the production of our own sugar and tea hav
been encouragingly rewarded. The importanc
of the results attained have attracted marke
: attention at home, and have received the spe
|. ial consideration of foreign nations. II
y successful cultivation Of our own tea, and IL
= manufacture of our own sugar, make diffel
ence of many millions Of dollars annually
u the wealth of the Nation.
4 The report of the Commissioner asks a
tention particularly to the continued prevalent
= of an infectious and contagious cattle diseas
Z known and dreaded in Europe and Asia
: cattle-plague, or pleuro-pneumonia. The yall
: of neat cattle exported from the United Stat
. | for the eight months ended August 31st, 1ss
Z was more than S12, ,OO0 and nearly doub
~ the value for the same period in 1879.
IA THE POTOMAC MARSHES.
/ Inmy annual messages heretofore, ha'
Il urged upon the attention Of Congress the n
Il cessity Of reclaimmg the marshes Of the p
L. L adiannr,t tn tha CaIaital and