The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1880-10-27

iff bill at the dictation of the South. The vote
on it was a tie in the Senate, and vice-Presi-
dent Dallas, Pennsylvania pledged to pro-
lection, gave the casting vote TO destroy the
protective system. The bill established what
was known as the tariff OF 1916. 1t seriously
crippled the manufacturing interests of the
country The growing industries Of New Eng
land, New Jersey and Pennsylvania received
heavy blow. The worst effects of this Dem
ocratlc revenue tariff were not Immediately
1elt throughout the country, however, because
OF the stimulus which came from the discov-
cry OF gold in California. But in spite of that
great gain to the national wealth. the crash
OF 1851 came, and swept business, labor and
agriculture away into a common disaster
In 1860 the Republicans came into power and
passed the Morrill, Tariff Bill, which was based
On the principle of protection. Many changes
have been made in the law since but In no
case has this principle been abandoned. The
Republican party has steadfastly defended all
the great national industries, and their flour
lshlng condition to-day, is directly attributable
to the long period of Republican ascendancy.
WHAT DOES "a TARIFF FOR REVENUE oNLY''
MEAN?
1t means a tariff which will produce a large
revenue so that the taxes on whiskey and 10
bacco, which are Objectionable to the South
can be largely reduced or abolished altogether.
10 raise large revenue at the custom house
there must be large importations. Large i'm
portations OF foreign goods can only take place
porters to undersell our own manufacturers.
Foreigners can make goods cheaper than
we can, because they only pay their laborers
about half the wages the American working
man gets. Under Democratic tariff for
revenue only" our markets will be flooded
with foreign goods. Then one of two things
must happen: either our iron and steel works,
our silk factories, woolen factories and cotton
factories, and our shops that make cutlery,
hardware, leather goods and hundred other
articles, must close, or the men employed in
them must work for half the wages they are
now getting. There is no other alternative
possible. The Southern cotton planters will
rejoice at the opportunity to buy cheap Eng
lish and German goods; but there will be stag
nation and destitution in every manufacturing
city and village in the land, business will be
Frustrated, and the hard times OF 1887 and 1857
will come again.
The interests of the working men, farm ers,
business men of the North alike demand the
maintenance of the Protective Tariff System.
1t is openly assailed by the Democratic party
at the bidding of the South. 1t can only be
defended effectively by the election Of Garfield
and Arthur.
READ THE REPUBLICAN TARIFF PLANK.
Here is the declaration of the Chicago Con-
vention on the question Of tariff:
"We re-afirm the belief, avowed In 1876, that
the duties levied for the purpose of should
SO discriminate as to favor American labor"
Contrast this with the Democratic plank,
Whlcn demands "a tariff for revenue only,
saying not word about the great interests OF
American labor and American manufactures.
READ THE CANDIDATES. LETTERS.
What does General Hancock say about the
tariff? Not solitary word. Go over his let
ter from beginning to end and there is no ref
erence to be found to this most vital question.
The bread and shelter of hundreds of thous-
ands OF working men are in peril, but Hancock
does not open his mouth Contrast his silence
and indifference with the plain, straightfor-
ward wsrds OF General Garfield, who meets
the question squarely, saying in his letter;
'In reference to our customs laws, policy
should be pursued which will bring revenues to the
Treasury, and will enable the labor and capital EN-
our own markets with the labor and capital of for
eign producers. We legislator the people of the
United States and not for the whold world, and it
is our glory that the American laborer is more In
telligent and better aid than his foreign competi-
tor. Our country cannot be independent unless its
people, with their abundant natural resources pos
sess the requisite skill at any time to cothe,
and equip themselves for war, and in time of peace
to produce all the necessary implements of labor.
1t was the manifest intention of the founders of the
Government to provide for the common defense,
not by standing armies Alone but by raising among
tho people greater army of artisans whose intelli-
gence and skill should powerfully contribute to the
safety and glory of the nation"
WAGES IN EUROPE AND AMERICA.
The following table shows the average week.
ly wages of a few leading occupations in Eu-
rope and the United States. 1t was carefully
compiled in 1879 by the Department of State,
from authentic information derived from re-
ports by United States Consuls