davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
Fences.

The fixing up of fences every year is a
bit of work in which we find as little sat
isfaction as in any we have TO do in the
whole year 1t is a job which has in it
the elements of dissatisfaction; it is per-
picking business. and what makes it worse
is the ever present sense of the unstable
character of your work. Like the " dis
contented pendulum" you seem to have
to bear the burden of the same work to be
done year after year, in each single per-
Torrance of it. The stakes will be rotten
again next year, the wind will blow over
this line next winter, the nails break of
and boards have to be renewed; and the
recompense for it seems so distant and
uncertain. To be sure the cattle and
sheep are kept in place, but it seems that
there should be a way of making more
permanent fence. or in some way restrain
ing stock with less, and less frequently
recurring, lator.
Where stone wall can be built that of
course fills the bill. except one looks ut it
rs the Dutchman did who said lit was al
ways falling down and nothing to mend it
with" There is satisfaction in doing the
good hard work of building stone wall !;
there is ever present the consciousness of
the lasting character of your work-you
feel that it is something done for u life
time.
In many places in Vermont it is prac-
ticable to build WALL and it also is i'm
practicable to dispense with fences,
though there are many less now in our
vicinity than formerly. Many have re-
moved them from their premises on the
ighway, saving the labor of their main
tenance, gaining the use of the land they
occupied and that along the roadside, and
greatly improving the appearance of the
premises. We are of the opinion that
there will be more and more of this done
in the coming years, but many will find
it inexpedient to remove roadside fences,
where stock is to be fenced IN, rather
than out.
How can we in Vermont get II cheap
and more enduring fence? is question we
would like to hear our readers discuss for
our own and their mutual benefit.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

WINTER CALvEs.-A Wisconsin dairy
man asks. if there can be any profit in
raising calves in winter or late fall calves
This question is now very pertinent since
winter dairying is becoming common.
Butter bears higher price in winter; and
this induces dairymen to have their calves
dropped in fall. Some think the cold
weather will add to the cost of keeping the
calves; but this is probably a mistake, as
the following considerations will show
The milk, after making butter in winter,
is in better condition than in summer, as
it is seldom sour, and may always be fed
sweet. Calves kept in warm quarters will
make more growth upon the same quanti-
ty of milk in winter than in summer, on
account of its better quality. and because
being fed on hay. they seldom scour OF
have any trouble of slomach.-NdtioRai
Lire Stock Journal
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

IS. The proper way is to make the
most and best manure possible upon the
farm and piece out with such materials as
experience and experiment show to be
profitable.
METHODS OF APPLYING THE FERTILIZERS.
As between applying artificial fertilizers
broadcast or in the hill or drill, the testi-
mony of the experiments is, on the whole,
in favor Of the former. The best results in
the majority of cases came where the ferti.
lizers were sown broadcast. In some oil
the very best the materials were scattered
over strip a couple of feet or so wide
along the rows Such concentrated ma
terials when too close to the seed are APT
10 injure the plant. especially in dry
weather. The nitrate of soda and muriate
of potash often do harm in this way.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

Bro. Upham Of the Herald md Ne'0s has
the following in an article on oleomarga
rine:
Oleomargar inc is made only from thu
fat OF freshly killed beeves, and is there
fore. as much a farm product as butter OF
beef, and is as wholesome as either"
We have little curiosity to learn how
Bro. Upham happens to know the quite
important assertion that he makes to be
true. 1t seems TO us that there are no self
evident conditions which insures the use
only of caul fat Of freshly killed beeves,
or any especial inducements to insure care
and purity in manufacture or penalties to
protect from improper manufacture or
aduleration. One might as well say the
cream tartar of the market was made only
of argals, or ground coffee was only
freshly Drowned coffee berries ground.
Neither the character of the manufac-
ture, nor of those engaged in it presents
any guaranty of especial purity Or care in
manufacture, but the first is decidedly
against it, and the thing is primarily
fraud-an imitation.
If it were made and sold on its merits,
it would be labeled and marked in con-
spicuous characters, and be advertised on
grocers windows and bulletin boards rs
one sees " Vermont butter" advertised in
Massachusetts towns.
OF the merits of oleomargarine as COM
pared with butter we have nothing to say,
and don't care a cent; it may be worse
or it may be better. and some people may
prefer it on their biscuits or for cooking.
What we want is to have the stuff sold as
we would have everything else-openly
and above board and on its merits, and
this should be enforced by law.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

POTATO SCAB AND AsnEs.-Henry Ives
theory of scab in potatoes is entirely
erroneous. Angle worms and grubs dc
not cause scab; they may feed on the
tubers after scab has laid bare the flesh
but worms and grubs are not found in
potato fields in such numbers as to be
able to eat the amount of potato substance
destroyed by scab. Sometimes more than
one-half of the entire bulk of the crop is
destroyed by scab; it would require cart
loads of worms and grubs to the acre to
accomplish this. There is also difference
in the appearance Of the excavations pro-
duced by worms and scab; in the latter
case the holes are very irregular. with
sharp edges and generally perpendicular
sides, like pits, while the perforations by
grubs and worms are more regular and
round, those formed by grubs especially
appear like being scooped out. The rava-
ges of the grub do not affect the eating
quality of the remaining tuber, but scab
like rot, deteriorates. mere or less, the
entire substance of the potato.-Corre-
sp0ndent, in Tribune.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

For many years I have made largo use
of ashes upon potatoes and always witt
beneficial result, as regards both quantity
and quality, with one exception. In that
instance a piece of good land was selected
well dressed with stable manure, hills
marked out three feet apart each way, and
planted with six or eight different varie-
ties. l ordered my men to put small
amount Of leached ashes in the hills.
was called away on business, and they
knowing my extreme Partially for plenty
of fertilizers for all my crops, put from
one to two quarts of ashes in each hill.
The growing crop was carefully tended,
and the result was a yield of nearly five
hundred bushels per acre. Nearly all the
varieties were more or less scabby, the
peachblows being covered with seal
and entirely unfit to eat. None of them
were of good quality showing ever indica.
ton of having been damaged by an over
supply of ashes. Correspondent, IN Trib
U1le.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
MISCELLANEOUS.
Central Vermont R. R. Line.
Commencing Monday Dec. 30. 1879.
rRAINsGoING SOUTH ANDEAsT.

rRAINsGoING SOUTH ANDEAsT.
zLeave Montpelerats.O5an and iil5A N.'66'andlO'5O
PibAs...I.rd Frpress from Syracuse and OEdens-
h1rg n Adams and Burlington arIiNesat Moht-
LILA q o. A NJ Mixed Train leaves Montpenep uo
\ " Wontpelier Junction 925 A. NJ, Tor Mhte hNer
MAI. TRAM from Montreal ST. Adams. Bnrling-
ton sc leaves Montpelier u IS a: N, Tor BOSOM
New London, Springfield. New York and inter-
msn IIKn Albans 40 Burlington
A sa p " Montpelier6 IS p. N for Northheld., q, a,
NfGHT EXPRESS from Ogdensburg, MOniresl o. ~
hans and Burlington leave Montpelier at 1000 Mor
Rnston via Lowell or Fitchburgh. springfield New
Yor kandi ntermediattpoint
TRAINsGoING NoRTHAND WEST
Leave MontpeIierats 30 eO5A. NJ. 10 s. and D. p
nav FxPREss leaves Boston via, Fltchburgh al
A. M, via. Lowell 500 A M New Lohaoh evo a. p N
lington, ST. Adams Montreal ana OEdensDuIg.,o :,
ACCOMMODATIONS Train leaves Northneld az = 0u 4 ~
Montpelier s45 A. NJ, for Burlington hutlahu'ot'
AM1Xspeayes White River functions .3oA N. North
6ed 10 40 NJ Montpelier 10 IS A. for burlington 81
Adams, Richford, Rouses Point, Nc ,.o,, a. sq,p
NIGHT EXPRESS leaves Boston via Lower al 1"1 u
M via, Fitchburgh $50 P. NJ, New YORK 5Uu p NJ.
Springfield COP NJ. Montpeler3 80 NJ for Burning
ton, 81. Adams, Montrealand Ogdensburg and the
"Trsinsleave MONTH elieIforBarre att CO. M.,h4'
Returning aveBarreat7.45A NJ. ,andlO 2tA.M and
Sleeping car attached to Night Express trains
running between Montreal and Boston and MontreA
and Springfield. and New York and VIA Troy, anG
Parlor Cars and Day Express between Boston ant
through ckctsfor C hicag and the westfo rsale a
ltheprincipa stations. on,,r
st. Adams. vt .December27. 1879
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
A COMPLICATED CASE.

Gentlemen-My case is briefly follows: l have
had Catarrh for ten each with increasing
severity For nine years had not breathed through
one nostrll had dronpingS i'll the throat bad
cough asthma so bad as to be obliged to ia e remedy
for it at night before ing able to lie down and sleep
and constant dull pain in my head. My head at
times so full of catarrhal matter to njure my sense
of hearing and compel me to get mp several times in
the night to clear it and throat before / could
slcep. Every one of these distressing symptoms has
disappeared, under the of not quite three bOtt
Of SANFoRD's RADICAL CuRE. My hearing is fully re-
droppings in the throat, no headache, and in every
way better than have been for years could feel the
effect of the CURE on my appetite, my Kidneys
and in fact every part Of my system What has been
done in my case is wholly the effect of the RADICAL
CURE. Very respectfully. c. Ii. LAWRENCE.
Fitchburg, Oct IL
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

Pleuro-pueumonia appears to be spread.
ing rapidly in the colony of Victoria and
in some parts of South Australia. In New
South Wales and Queensland it is always
prevalent to greater or less extent. The
Leader (Melbourne) directs the attention
of the stock owners OF Victoria to the
efforts being made in certain quarters in
the way of hushing up all intelligence
connected with the rapid spread of the
above virulent scourge among the cattle
If the colony.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
Is IT DURABLE :
1T CAN BE CURED

T can be cured There is no doubt about it. The i'm
line late relief afforded by SANFoRD's RADICAL CURE
FOR CArARRH is but slight evidence of what may fol
low persistent OF this remedy. The hard incrust-
ed matter that has lodged in the nasal passages is re-
moved with few Applications the liberation and in
iammation subdued and healed the entire membranou
Innings Of the head are cleansed aud purified Constr.
tutionay its action is that of a powerful purifying
agent destroying in its through the system the
acid poison the destructive agentin catar disease
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

DRIED FRUIT IN ENGLAND.-A writer
in the London Garden says that the dried
apples and peaches received from America
were excellent in quality, and that this
mode OF disposing of surplus fruit has the
advantage of canning in cheapness and in
cost Of conveyance; and that the drying
process is carried on to perfection IN
America.
An experience of Mr.. Ever, of Battle
Greek, Michigan, as reported by Rural
Home, convinces him that apple trees fol-
low the parents of scions in respect 10 the
bearing year:
"When he moved upon his present farm
there were seven Baldwin apple trees on
it. Six of them came into bearing the off
year, the following year the seventh bore
and the six omitted. They have kept
up that order ever since. lie has grated
other trees from these and us they came
into bearing they bore on the same years
on which the trees from which their gratis
were taken bore. Zone year, the odd, he
plowed up the orchard in the spring.
which had been sod many years, and the
trees which would have borne that year.
blosSomed, but shed their blossoms; still
they did not bear the next year,and waited
till their regular year came round again,
when they bore. Those that had borne
on the even year. adhered to their regu,
lar year without change. lie has grated
many times since from the original seven,
on different years, but they all follow their
parent trees in their bearing years"
LARD BUTTER Under the improved
systems of cheese and butter making
introduced within few years. the dairy
interest has been so advanced, and taken
such prominent stand among the indus
tries, that it has caught the eye of that
shrewd class who live by their wits
Every conceivable form of fraud and adul.
purchaser, under the guise and semblanc,
of butter" We had lorg been familiar
with those old and clumsy frauds called
"ladled " and imitation creamery"
butter, though we were little staggered
when oleomargarine overcame us ke
summer cloud, and stepped up among the
higher grades for competition. There are
equalizing forces in nature. however, and
each enemy to the human race in its turn
has an enemy of its own. So here comes
" lard butter putting to blush the pre-
tensions of oleomargarine for cheapness
So long as lard undersells tallow there is
no assurance which will be the greater of
these twin frauds. On examination of this
last product, we find it fair in quality,
about on n par with ordinary dairy lines
grain too fine, and no quality. Pure lard,
we are told, is entirely tasteless. 1t costs
four cents a pound. To this is added, to
make one pound of the compound, four
cents worth of dairy butter. Churned in
milk, it makes an article that now sells
for twenty cents per pound. If we can
make these two adulterants work against
each other. we will welcome this last
conner. If they combine their forces.
what will be the result?-Ldnd and Home.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
agricultural department.
ON. TINKHAM, Editor.

All communications for this department should be
sent to the editor. Mr.. o. NJ. TINKHAM, n. Pom
fret, VI.
Please write side of the paper only sign sucl
name initials as you wished published, but give
your FULL NAME AND ADDRESS, post Office, County and
State.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

In Mr. Shows experiment No. l, every
plot which had superphosphate gave =:
fair yield, every one without it failed
The chief need of that soil seems to hav,
been phosphoric acid. In Mr.. Coles ex
pertinent, No. ., ali the materials are use.
iul. The nitrate of soda increases the
crop Cover that without manure) by 81
bushels, the superphosphate by % bushels
and the potash salt Is bushels. Together
they are more effective than singly. The
complete fertilizer "Gn raises the weld
from 100 unmanured, to $40 bushels, While
the mixture of superphos phatc and potash
salt brings $50 bushels, a net increase of
go bushels per acre with fertilizer cost.
ing 1913 or less. But TIE largest yield of
all was with stable manure, nine cords per
acre, 40 bushels. But while the fertilizers
do so well on Mr.. Coles land, Mr.. Tobev
No. 3, finds no benefit from any of them.
Mr.. Cutting, No. l. and Mr.. Rising, No.
., get fair returns, both finding, as is gen
crafty the case, THAT the complete" chemi-
cal fertilizer eXccls the farm manures.
The experiments of Mcssrs. Tobey, Lane
and Cutting with turnips, sugar beets and
oats, needs no comment here. Among the
more important
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
No. 8.
lNPERlMENTs WITH POTATOES. ETC

The accompanying table gives:
1t. Results of several experiments
with potatoes, turnips, sugar bcets, and
oats.
"a. y general summary of results of
experiments, incluling those made under
The Sumo general plan in other states.*
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS

|
'''0' - ''' l''' ''''''
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
e 9" "" "o'i'T nv, lIoil tIie experiments are
io1,"H '.'S ne hrsV as TO SOILS, though
st"'' III lo'ihPr arlicIe' VIII bear repeti-
''on' sn..
L. ooilS vary widely IN Their capacities
''' HgPP'yM@ crops win food and conse-
qwhJIE IN their demands for fertilizers.
. 'o'Io SOILS VIII give profitable re-
,H,nN nor HiNluilh@ others without irriga-
.l '.n uI.''H'@''uiIa1e OF otlier amendment,
WIZ ", ,pi
,,,'.,.., II ne t'Snt matrliaIs IN the right
a',,I, I',,l7 u" - P'oiitS' Artllcli'l ierllll'
n,aS ~! o''u ilust prove most elliclent
,'+S,,,.o aoi ''r,o' ny INC WORKOUT SOILS OF
o', ,i'o buO runners cannot afford to
''I ''' ,rh. ~ .iIl"olh'
aaa,. ; ito o"!5 wy 10 learn what Il SOIL
'o,"9 - ~ s'"''S j! ~ o''etF"VIoh ana cX'
'e' 'H''i''
rt,r rt,rcrs M, run, r,,,r,,r,,, ,,-,
RVS ''''N' L" LII
Us shown by the individual experiments
ana lhe general averages in the table are
~ Va o''i''"' '''t'J
o. 1t must be remembered that the
'tial' were not only subject to all the vicis-
aIt'l'e' OF weather and season, but were
mace on soils Of all sorts, but mostly very
iii,'ch run down The directions were to
select worn out SOILS. Hence the average
results win given crop do not fairly
represent what might be expected on soils
Wlap'el TO It's growth and in average con
dl!lon,
u. he complete chemical ferilizer,'
the mixture OF 800 pounds superphosphate,
100 TO 2OO pounds potash salt, and $50
pounds nitrate of soda, &c" costing Sl5.3S
pr acre GncIuding s. per acre for freight,
brought the largest crop. 1t must be
remembered, however, that this mixture
was proposed to test soils and not to bring
large yields, and does not show how well
chemical fertilizers may do. The "com-
pIetc fertilizers" prepared by reliable deal
er5 for special crops are of course more
appropriate Tor them and would give better
results than this mixture.
Z. "F >" The mixture of superphos.
phnle and potash salt, costing 1925 per
"d "'U ~, 'itJ ivsS co'n ana uecid
M, F r;,'t,,,, ''t'' .t' ~ i'i'"uieS'
supcrphosphale, ID" which corresnonds
closest of nil to the ordinary ammnni,teJ
superphosphates. fish manuTes md gnano
though COSTING more than The mixtnrc Of
superplosDhate and potash calf hroncbt
les, Increase Of corn POTATOES tnrninS
sweet potatoes. and indeed every cron bm,
oats. The number of exneri,nonts p ,r ju'
oars Lowovor i. foo sm.II fnr INV I a.o, ".s'
conclusions. il is yerv probobln ,bat I ,hou
and the cereals generally would ho n ,nS
helped bv nitro@en less NV notaob than
the other crors' The mixtHra of nit ,,o
of soda and potash salt. "En w,s Tho Last
efficient of all, "'' INV '0''''
8. As to the efficiency of III. materi,ls
separately, the nitrate Of SOFA NV i,Self ,wns
seldom Of much use, the snlnh,to Of l; ,"o
was frconentlv. The muri,tn Of notanh
very often, and the superphosnbate yenor'
ally profitable. Doubtless consiJershi n' af
the eject of the superphosnbata w"s Jn ~,
in manv r,ses to its snInhnrin no;J IVY
lime, '''' ~ '''" anu
10, The results with osbos ara variable
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12

Each package contains DIR Sanford's Improved In
hans Tube and full directions for its in all cases
Price 90 Sold by all wholesale and retail druggists
and dealers thromghont the United States and Cana
das. WEEKS Il POFIEt, General Agents and Whole
sale Druggists Boston, Mass
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
EXPERIMENTS WITH POTATOES.

Under tho a',ricoS Of the imericdn 4 griculfrrj,
ToW Who's courtesy the figures Lave been turns
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1880-05-12
COLLINS VoLTAlc PLAsTERs
Price 25 Cents.

Be careful to call for COLLINS VoLrAIc PIAsrrp
lest you get some worthless imitation Sold BY ali
Unit ed States and Cauadas, and by WEEKS pOT
TER. Proprietors. Boston. Mass
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1880-03-11
A Watcr.Spot 1000 Feet High.

Now York sun.
Wilbur Hammond and DR.. J. Mears,
Of Grecnport, T., l., describe an extraor-
binary phenomenon. which they wit
messed while on the Soupd Shore, Op-
pos,tc that village, on a recent after,
noon. Their attention was first at
tracted by what seemed to bean unusual
disturbance on the surface of the water,
directly under y heavy cloud coming
from windward, the wind blowing
heavily from the northwest and a heavy
surf rolling. The tops of the waves as
sumed the spirally-ascendiug motion
peculiar to water-:pouts, which increased
until the elevation was upward of fifty
feet before the water took the cloud
form. This was soon followed by a
second about mile off shore, similar to
the first but considerably larger, its
heighth, Judging from the angle Sof
elevation, being nearly a thousand feet.
The top of this also resolved into n fog
or mist directly under the cloud. Then,
at a distance of about four miles,a third
enc was plainly disccrniblc, which
must have covered an area Of several
acres. All three of these spouts were
moving with the wind, and the first or
smallest one subsidized to the wafer level
only few rods from the beach. I'M
mediately there was sharp dash of
rain. followed by nail squall, as the
disturbing cloud passed over, and when
this subsidized, So that view OF the
~
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1880-03-11
Tho LifcbOat Service of Great Britain.

Tho LifebOat Service of Great Britain.
The vast benevolent institution, which
lines the coasts of the British Islands, is
supported entirely by voluntary contri-
buttons, and reflects the highest honor on
the contributors. The list Ct services
rendered on the COASTS Of the United
Kingdom idurihg'IS79, by its lifeboats,
to shipwrecked crews, detailssuocmctly
the success an unabatad bravery and
perseverance Of the ,lifeboat men. The
long list shows y total of G37 lives
rescued by the Society's lifehoats dur
ing the year, in. addition to q, Vessels
saved from destruction. In the same
period the Hfcboat Institution granted
rewards for saving 2lS lives by hing
and other boats, making total of 500
lives saved last year, mainly through its
instrumentality. Altogether, since its
formation the society discontinued To
the saving of 26, 90G shipwrccked persons
1t should also be mentioned that during
the past two years the institution has
not lost a'single life from its 260 life.
boats. The Committee of the Lileboat
Institution, in view of the foregoing
facts, APP; cal with renewed confidence to
the British public for support and
sympathy. .g.lg -,.. ban 80
Or Lirc Saving Stations are sup
ported by tic Government, and since
their organization have saved many lives
and much property. HE last case Of
saving life by scientific appliances was
that of the crew Of the brig Black Swan
off Chatham, already described. Oul
Humane Societies, which preceded the
present system, are entitled TO great
praise for their uniform libefa'i!y. 81.
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1880-03-11

CRANBERRY DUMPLING,-One quart
of hour, one. teaspoOnful OF soda, and
two teaspoOnfuls of cream of tartar,
sifted together; mix intoa softs dough
with sweet milk; roll the dough al
over this in .Jblong shapes and spread
over tia quart Of cranberries, picked
aud Washed clean, and half a pound Of
sugar, sprinkled evenly fold over and
over, then lie in a, -puddinr. cloth, and
put ina ste ,mer, where Jet it cook over
a fsteady. FIRE Tor one hour, with faith
inevcr'l soking intoitheyot. Serve with
n sweet wine sauce % - u. f-