davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06
EUsIONIsM FIzzLED..

The greatest liumbug of the age
has come to sudden inglorious de-
mise. The Fusionists OF Maine TN
dertook to steal the whole machinery
of civil government in that State,
and they not only attempted, but
they actually did it. When, how
ever, this was accomplished they
found they had much larger ele-
phant on their hands than they had
bargained for; in short, the monster
was too heavy for them to hold onto,
theiz museels were weakened from
previous masterly inactivity, and
consequently their grip loosened and
the entire elephantic structure fell in
mass of shapeless and unrecogniza-
Bile ruins. To be candid, the Fusion
ist never had any standing at law, in
sequity-or public opinion, outside of
few political fanatics. The Supreme
Court of the State decided every
proposition against them, and as
result the whole affair went to pieces.
The Fusionists themselves ought to
be.if they are not thoroughly ashamed
of themselves. They will be arraign-
ed before the bar of public opinion,
all over the country, and promptly.
condemned for their dastardly at.
tempt to overthrow free institutions,
and curses like chickens will come
home TO roost on the heads of those
j. so Sdeterminedly have striven to
thwart the will of the people. The
Fusion Legislature has adjourned to
the first Wednesday of August next,
and have retired to private life.
Fusionist Governor Smith has evil
IDENTIFY got tired of playing Governor
and has gone home; and Fusionist
Secretary of State, Sawyer, has prom
ised TO retnrn the valuation books to
the Secretary of State, and will also
retire to his home, and the ignominY
which viii so justly follow him.
The Republicans of Maine are to
pngratulated upon the result.
wisdom and sagaeity they
nminently displayed.
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06
Its Ingredients,

To snow our faith in the safety md ercel,enca .,
the K B., upon proper personal application. when
satisfied that no imposition is intended we will
give the names of all its ingredients, by affidavit
The above offers We're never made before by the pro-
prletor of any other Family Medicine in the world
Many testimonials, further information, and
phlet "Treatise on Diseases of the Rlond = i,
which each bottle isenc1osed Price 81 per bottle
tanning ~ ounces, or 40 to SO Doses Sold by drug
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06

The DeLessep's canal scheme will
fail, it is thought, for the reason that
it will take SIS, 900, ,oooto pay inter-
est and yearly expenses, while it isl
estimated that it will only pay unde
favorable Si1aRpstances IS, 900 goo.
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06
Newport, Jan. 27, 1880.

UNrRUE.-The Sunday Welcome,
of Feb. lst, says that "Corvallis
people are praying for $4,000 to
build railroad to Yaquina Bay"
This statement is absolutely false. A
paper that sports such moral name,
ought to be ashamed of such lying.
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06
REPUBLICAN, STATE CENTRAL CCM-
MlTTEE.

A meeting of the Republican State Central Com
rnittee will be held in the City of Salem. on Wednes
day, February Is, 1850, at o'clock, P NJ full
attendance is requested.
DAVID FRoMAN. Chairman
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06

TRB SCIENTIFIC ANGLICAN is large First Class
Weekly Newspaper OF Sixteen Pages, printed in the
most beautiful STYLE profusey illustrated with spen-
did engravings representing the newest inventions
and the most recent Advances in the Arts and Scen-
ces including New and Interesting Facts in Agri-
culture, Horticulture, the Home, Health, Medical
Progress, Social Science, Natural History, Geology
Astronomy, The most valuable practical papers, by
eminent waters in all departments of Science, will
be found in the Scientific American
Terms, So. 20 per year, 81. 60 half year, which in
cludes postage Discount to Accents. Single copies,
ten cents Sold by all Newsdealers Remit by postal
order to MUM CO., Publishers, 81 Park Row,
New York. Se
0ATENTo In copasl.ien vi the sciEN.
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06

HOS. J. n. DoLrH, OF PORTLAND, RESPONDS
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06
s. Il. O GO

will be paid to any Public Hospital to s. mutu
ally agreed upon for every certificate Of this medi
cine published by US which is not genuine.
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06

NAOMI was $50 years !
she was married.
The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1880-02-06
A NEW ENTERPRISE.

Republican papers please copy.
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
VISITING THE NEW ARMORY.

The friends Of the 9TH Regiment were invited to
inspect the new arrnOTy yesterday. Each member
of the regiment was permitted 10 send out twenty
five invitations. The main entrance to the edifice
was thrown open at 10 a. III. The scene in the
armory was very picturesque during the day,
and Still moro so during the evening AT p IN.
Lexington and Fourth-ayes. and Slxty-sIxth and
SiXty-seventh-sts. were lined with carriages. The
pavemcnts around the armory were thronged with
people moving i'll both directions. Many
people in the crowd, on passing friends. told
them it useless to try to get into the build
ing. At the Fourth-ave. entrance vast crowd
pushed and painted and struggled to get near the
door. The guard at the door occasionally
obliged TO close the entrance 10 prevent the crowd
in the buildlng from becoming large as 10 be IN
movable. During the time that tie f. rth-ave.
door was closed the Lexington-ave door was
opened TO allow some OF the thIolg 10
pass ont From o'clock TIL nearly ii
this struggle went on. Then the lights III the
building were turned down. the band ceased play
ing and the greatly astouished assemblage slowly
dispersed. Ii estimated that there were ut one
time last evening nearly $4,000 people i'll The build
ing. Fully $4,000 visited Il during the entire daY.
The throng AT night became great tnat the door
keepers Obliged to give the tempt TO take
tickets. 4 largo number of naval and military Of
fcers were present as well many well-knOwn
civilians
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
AUTUMN DAYS At NEWPORT

NEWPORT, Il. l., Sept. 30'-llrs. John Jacob
Astor OF NewYOik, and Mrs. Cushing of Boston, were
instrumental this evening in providing grand enter
anment for residents OF the Point" IN whom the first
named lady mas al ways taken great interest, having
built a = ading-rOOm for thcir exclusive benefit.
MIS- COngics. man Morton, Mr.. 8 y. Kane, eX Commo-
dors OF The New-YorK Yacht CLUB, and Mgs. +. g G.
GHautevlc of New York have been IN Boston to-day,
guests OF Nathaniel Thaycr ir., Of that city.
The Hon Francis Brinley has been elected president
of the Redwood Library, and among its newly elected
directors arc William II. Ashhurst, OF Philadelphia,
Lieutenant Governor Fay and Ex-Governor Van Zdndt,
of this STATE, ana Daniel Parish, Jr., Of New York
Arthur &. Kennedy, OF London. who recently
married Miss Maud Apple of Bos on, has arrived
here with his bride, and rented a cottage owned by
Thomas G.. Appleton. Of Boston
Bishop Howe. Of Central Pennsylvania. has vacated
his cottage Bristol and returned t. his home 81 Read
Ing. Penn.
Mss Woosev Susan Coolid gc) has returned here :Or
the aud taken OF h"r cottage on Rn0de
Island-dVr
Frank s. Rice and O 8 Haven, OF the Army ]. Klein
boart and Arthur Webb OF Engard: Mr.. &. H. L1S, OF
Oh CITY, Penn {. PerIiue and C. T. SnItn, New-IOrk
B !. WOOlsey, Of Jersey CITY, ana G. A. Harvard ..
Boston, have arrived a. Hotel Aquancca.
The Governors o. the Newport Casino decided today
to close at sundown from until November 1t Is
dected to nav. 10 more bachelors apartments IN the
Casino Some Oi the stores tO be enlarged aud
billiard rooms and c.ubrOom VIII DC added before hcX1
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
FACTS.
Erom N. Nation lIndN

The truth is that, whatever MIR. Bayard or
few other Democrats I'D Terared iram doing. the
bulk Of the Democrats III Congress opposed every meas
ute looking either to the restoration o! tie public credit
Or the resumption OF specie payments. Some Rcpubli
cans dId so. bui rot always and never more Than a
small minority of the party, while the DemCcraic ma
joTy was constantly on The wrong side There Is no
doubt too If Republican had got mp In Congress
and maintained, as Mr.. BayaTd now maintains, that
good croIs or lie calls 1t, the saesmanshp OF The
plough WOni restore specie payments, he would nave
laughed M lin. aud with good reason.
We presume that there Is little question that the
weakness o the stock market IN the teeth OF the large
railroad earnings and the activity of bnsiness In almost
every branch industry ~ due in some degree 10 the
great increase Of uncertainty 10 the result Of tie
Presidential election caused by tbs MalDe election,
There is noAuS The business world likes SO much and
hLcs valuable certainty wiz regard to the iuiurc;
there hardly any state Of the law, as long as property
secJrc 10 winch trade cannot adap5 Itself ana un der
witch active and intelligent men cannot make money II
they only that il VIII MT BE- suddenly altered
Whatever be the defects Of the present financial legsla
ton Of Tie county, 10 is undenable that great pos
psry under IL. and Is Nkcy To continue iO Few
years, sudden violent C1InGc be made IN Ii.
The business of The country has, ~ other words adapted
itself situation created for lt by Republican legs
Ou and Tie Republican party has, III the present can
ya the great advantage of beng able 10 IrOnie that
II II romans IN power tbs situation VIII last
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01

-. in tn,s column . day or two ago. The Bostox Post
-: Perhaps our east winds can nehtit back from
49,. hut east winds will not do everything. and NJ
,.ra O, Health any Il has begun scri.
~ ork none too soon-n fact. not half enough
- ,neory is held by portion Of the medical profession
" snsHsld and doubtless elsewhere. that the malaria
A.. 10 a germ originating 10 decayng vegetation.
-. ,.em. very reasonable. wc as the theory tnar
ss Germs are carried from their source TO perfectly
s.ltby localities single bed of Canada thistles may
stock state aud would not require very large germ
20 infect an indefinite stretch OF territory this
- a. tho correct one. Whatever the true explana.
n NAV be- fact seems beyond question that this
You ur on the people of New ngland. almost TO the
e,nt Of an epidemic in places. From the little
nat the medical fraternity know about its IL
- tind elusive disease that cannot be caught by
Nsnarticular - diagnosis"
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01


BLIssIn Hartford Conn.,. September rs. Elisha Bli'',jr,
Fasfa services at his late residence on Asylum ave. Friday
Burial at Springfield. Mass
BooTh-At the residence Of her In Kalamazoo sep
s%eeT % Aos, , Brooks 9 & wa2w S q william L. Booth for
BnowNA, Yonsers rus.diy tn, 2sth inst. Benjamin
Brown. IN the s5ih year OF ms age 81,
funer at ms late residence North Broadway ON Friday
cai1ge, waiting depot arrival Of the o'clock
tram from i2d dst
Reaiye, and friend" Ss invited 70 attend the funeral at
at III a. m without further no:ice
Tram leaves Grand Central Depot at S05 n. m.
DAkIN-on THURSDAY. september 30 Ssrciine s. daughter
ot cyra. r. and the late EsDe, % L B1sn ~ from
Iats residence No "a Grace-sr Jersey City Heights n j.
Carriages will be ferry. Hoboken. n j. until
I:30p
HALI-on wene thay AZ the Berkeley" 5thave
9Ih. Robert Hunt Of edwin e. and Mie Hail. aged
years. month ald ls days.
JACKSON-Tuesiay, 2sth inst. Margaret beloved wife OF
Frens are respectfully her funeral at
ave. Brooklyn.
Chicago jn Of The lungs, Lndey Murray Jessup
IneTment at Richmond. Inj.
LocKwOoD-At Lnden y, j., "Wednesday morning Sep
Funeral services at the house Friday October at o'clock
Relatives and friends are respectfully invitei.
Trans Pennsylvania railroad from NewYork at IL M
VIII Greenwooi for nterment saturday
morning.
NICOLL-At New.wndsor y. Y. September 30. Helen NJ.
EicOl. agel 10 wears.
Funeral hcr residence Friday October l. at 2So
D.
Carriages will Hudson River IL O'Clock train Friends
will please not send flowers.
sHADDLE--On Thursday, september go Henry " shaddle
Funeral from 2I sths Jersey City Saturday october
=, at ~ NJ FreIds are requested not to send hO"ers
WILLIAMS wednesday sete%5seT 29 Arthur BOyls2n
~ days.
Funeral at 536 East o7ths. Friday october al
pm
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
ATTRACTIONS At 4RyOLD & CONSElBLES

Arnold, Constable g. Co.'s opening day is
always looked forward to great interest by The
fashionable portion OF New-YOrk and Wednesdays
opening was no exception TO the rule Early IN the
morning and until late in the afternoon the large suite
of rooms Oh the second fourth floors were honged
with ladies' anxious TO what was new lii the al iasL-
iors Many Of the handsome costumes on exhibition
were from Paris but a still greater number were manu-
facturcd in the house TEey conspicuous for the
number OF materials combined in one cUs lhe; some
times three ami four d crent materials we're seen
I'm one dress. Brocad ve.yet used IN greater VI
less degree IN almost every costume.
haucsOme evening dress OF deep garnet Yeivet OrG'
cade showing the rose design III pae PINK shtln, was
.Omhaed plain satin IN deop garnet ana pale PINK
The pink satin all formed lHiugs anu Iclugs
tDat were intended to show only Oy accident An even
ing dress white brOcadei yTiyet, with the design
wrought in pearl beads combined Win Whlte saii
lhc train satln that ic - iis from tDe WdI-t
down, edged with large pearl beads. Ihe eoIsg.
Was very Oinlci, both Daca aud 'front.' uud was heaNiy
cu bruideTcd With pearl ads IL walking ana carnage
dlcy,rs purple III its numerous shades. from deep plum
cJOr the bright purple, was conspicuous Iht re was
large di. play mInlcs and cGas iOf early tall wear
AS well as heavy fur garments and h1 ldSOme lhdll
elayls for colder Weall-r. hands ilnc garment Oi
,Onar shape was made from an ludi1 shawl c)holueu
49,, la"L satin I'd trimmed with fringe showing All
rae cOlvrs Of the cashmere iIa:eiit.
The Cl.drens SAT- Dtpartl1eht was iulI Oh hOVeHies
ana attracted attention. Push NG5 Useu IA pIr4
sol on the -uits cHldrcn Among tie novelties were
tea gowns which made OF Japanese brocdded mate
r,ls AID in most cases worn over shVt COfcfcu
with rullics OF inexpensive lace
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
r,GLLSH INTERFERENCE IN The PRESf.
DENTAL CONTEST.

-av BRITISH AGENTS, SOME OF THEIR AGENCIES,
AND WHAT 1T COSTS THIN.
~, F,s Speech Philadelphia; Erenfao report
The Democratic party of to-day occupies
.st wear Mr.. Thomas Bailey Potter. president
he Cobdeu Club visited this country, VISITED all its
c.nmercal ana many of Its great manufacturing
@ Ills sole oaect was TO mplore TO modify our
Ia. 10 allow British capital TO employ their then
"emp Dyed wOrkngmen TO manufacture goods for
g"s The friends OF free trade. and he or
ssnzed bureau, to use phrase OF the
v IN NV York aud another tn Chicago for the dis
1ination OF the pamphlets and other papers of the
condep Ciuc. lie told friend OF mine, the Hon.
TTSo%ss n dudley OF Camden, who was so long our
dD.nI a, I5ycl pool that their agent would Disseminate
her doctrines and would hope TO control Presiden
raj elections. Ana IN taat conversation he ssid We
III et YOU have a tariff for rrvenue. but we Will
,sow vour protective 81 stem" Think Of IT, gentlemen,
sRSI,i.D ASSOCIATION III grave conversation with
cS,csn citizen saying. 1--WE will let you have tariff
fr revenue" That was the doctrine their agents
a. nreach turn 10 the Democratic platform and sec
announced that the party In favor Of larf for
,,udraw fher paid agents The Democratic party has
sc9me their agent. and unquestionably they fur
,.hins funds 10 enable their agents 10 carry their
bn.ncss Here the instruuentaties by which they
al ~ hold IN nv hand two pamphlets by Augustus Mon
sredrn each bearing the imprint OF the Golden Club
One ia cnttcd The Western Farmer OF America" be-
me letter from Nh Mongredien TO the Western farmer
ofAmcr,ca IL ia q thirty-page pamphlet. |
Ssnray evening an autograph letter from Mr.. T. Bailey
poiter the Pres dent Of the CObten Cub, saying that
10000 copies OF taa letter pamphlet had been sent TO
ms counrv at cost OF 81 Pa. thousand You cal
cnaie hOW much British money has come in that one
uamphet # Nr. Potter, President OF the Golden Cub.
yroe ne truth held his original letter and read IL.
Tne Ofner paADhlet Is entitled " Free Trade and Eng
usi Co.nr,orcc"'I contains 102 pages. Is printed
,b 1fe excellent paper aud with the same fine type
irf other letter have cost three four times
much IL is being scattered in The western states al
most A. prousey the letter to The Western Farmer
Of America" have doubt that much British m9ney
has already been thrown into this campaign in the dis
Intuition OF Golden Club pamphlets alone.
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
UNVEILLNG TIE BURNS STATUE.

The followingis is the programme for the unveillng
of the Burns statue III Central Park tomorrow
afterno on The members of the Burns Monument
Committee, the Caledonian Clubs of New-iork,
Brooklyn Newark and other places. and the invited
guests will meet at the Casino ut $50 p ni.' ana a'
8 o'clock will march in procession to the s'a'ue'
Grafulla's band will be stationed near the statue
ond will render Scottish music. After the
presentation of the monument to me
city 10y John Patton. chairman oil Inc tnee
Monunedt Committee. the statue viii be unNelIeu
William Patton. chairman # tbe Committee Dn Gere-
monies; during which he band viii play IL ahede sde
was a lad was born IN Kyle ana scots VIVA nae .,e
s.a,ue on behalf Of the city, and George William
Cnrtss Will deliver the address. The ceremonies
viii close with the finging of Aud Lang SYhe
i,v tho auiledce
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
sings in the choir. and Miss Mary Becbe who sings
in the theatre.
WAI71yG PATYEyTLY DAY AND A HALF

At Booths Theatre the first light OF morning
yesterday showed crowd OF sleepy men seated
upon line Of chairs aud canp-stools running from
the window of the box Office the east side OF the
lobby out into the street. They were waiting Tor
t1e beginning Of th sale Of seats for the perform
ances of Mile. BernhaTdt. The last time that
Charles Dickens ectured in this city there was "a
hours befo fc the sale opened. In this case buyers
were thirty-six hours ahead of the SALE whci
begins at 8 o'clock this morning. Inc
weil-knOwn ticket specuator who already has
received orders for nearly 200 seats without regard
10 price Some. however. represent private persons.
One OF the most patient IN the line was the messan-
ger of wcl-known Union Clue member. Inis
young man had a certified check in his pocket and
2 blanket wrapped mp III piece of brown paper.
Tne check was TO pay for the seats and TIE bankct
About balf-past IN the afternoon an enploye OF
the theatre went into the ticket Office and, raising
the window said:
: How many do yOu want ~
In moment every man in the entrance nan
sprung from his seat. The first man smiled as lie
put hls hand into his pocket. and said:
" Give mo ten.'
''You can have them a, o'clock tomorrow morn
lng." was the response the window went down.
In the upper office OF the theatre, WV. Tlots9n,
the treasurer, was arranging his tickets. lie
produced the diagram from which seats are 70 be
sold this morning; and after calling attention TO
the fact that the first two of orchestra chairs
had been Inarked of for representatives OF the
press, said There yOu see, the rest OF tnat ana
gram Is clean. Tomorrow morning when the sale
opens 1t VIII he the same. and the first conner VIII
be first served. We mean to do this thing fairly"
What will you do In regard to specuatOrs
I'VE can do nothing more than we nave aiready
done. We have determined to sell no more than
ten seats to any one person. If speculatOr sends
different people to buy for him we cannot help It.
The public has "a good chance as they have Inc
house is large and there are plenty OF good seats.
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
WASHINGTON NOTES.

WASHINGTON, Thursday, Sent. 30. 1880.
General A. williamson Commssioncr OF the General
Land Oiic, will leave Washington tonight TO atehu
the meeting OF State surveyorsGeneral at salt Lake
City, Utah, Oh Tuesday next.
riding to advc,s received at the Treasury Depart
ment today the Hawaiian Government has imposel a
duty Of 22 per pound on rice. This treasury ON
GERS say will stop tie Importation Of rice INTO that cou
Try for reslupment 10 the United oia'es' H'c' do -
Hawaiian product
The Controller of the Currency reports the adutoha
circulation issued during the months OF August anu
September 10 1902 $780, the amount surrendercd anu
DESTROYED 1899 800 leaving decrease OF circuatloh
during the two months OF $4,000. The net Increase
OF National bank notes during the year ending Ociooe j.
1880, was S97547l3.
The case Of Naval Cadet Whitfield against Secretary
Thompson was reached in the Supreme Court o. the
District to-day but counsel being present. IL was
continued until next term. This suit, which is lor
mandamus involves the right OF cadet OF the Ann9P9
lis Naval Academy retain the rIuk III his class WHICH
he took his first examination
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
AFFAIRS AT WASHINGTON.
A REPORT on A CELEBRATED CLAIM.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 30.-Commisssoner Will
hanson, OF the General Land Oic, today made re-
port to the Secretary Of the Interior the celebrated
Chauvin Land Claim case. The claim embraces about
LOO acres OF land ia the suburbs OF the City OF ST.
Lous' Mo- The case has been pending before the De
partment lot nfty years, aud many eminent lawyers
among them Thomas II. Benton have been employed In
H. Tue claim is based on a made by the Spanish
Government to Angelica Cbauvin In 1885, and the ques
on at issue beiOr- the Department been proper
ochtloh or the land claimed. TIE Commissioner rr-
Iors III IaVor or survey made In 1879, known the
" salomon survey" but while entertaining the opinion
Da' nc 'hhuVih grant Is properly determined by the
ilvhon survey, be does not approve IL, because lie
s 9ltci TO that course in the adverse opinion Of a
Orcr Sccretry or the Interior relative another
vey o tue same land TIE matter now goes TO the Sec
reiary vi the Interior for final action.
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
LlSTnoNoRS 70 GENERAL T0RBERE

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 3O-The remains Of
General Alfred T. n. TOrbcrt, which arrived III this city
Yesterday afternoon New this morning
taken to the railro ID depot for removal 10 Milford, Del
During the night the lay in state ut the ArmOry
Of the Ciiy Troop. with military guard The body was
accompanied Milford TINS morning by IN escort OF the
civ Troop the Committee of Arrangements and MEM
bers OF the Military OILer IL the LOYAL Legion. When
me train arrived az Milford all Tie closed
and many persons were present from The surrounding
country. the p.Uce the mutiry, including
a guard from the Ci;y Troop and ihc keyst1nt
battery. Grand Army, LOYAL Legion a1d ctz"ns. The
body was inferred the oid Methodist Cemetery, aud
lattr memorial services were il Id in the church The
services consisted OF aprOIrate music. az Orli0n Oy
GCrtIM HCbclt L. SCcalGn and addrcSsts By Colonel
A. London Snowd"u Colonel Burd Gubb. Generals
Daniel L. S.ckcs, a. = Webb and OthcTa.
New-York tribune., 1880-10-01
4 STRIKE'IN FALL RIFER.

FALL RIVER, Mass. Sept. 3o.-Ihe weayers
-. n Raruar Mil strucx this in consequence oil
ohncc in the class goods, which they claim lowers
their nav Tue agent says he is paying the same rates
as for the old work o..,
rno strike IS In no way connected with tue pfoPosou
redueticn of wages, but Is confined TO this Snse n
aud VIII probably be OF short duration.
clpuers meeting Saturday. Tho manufacturers are
.s...r1.u taps sbowing rns urless paid year aeo.