Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1880-08-12
The farnt aud fireside.
A SENSIBLE IDEA-What farmer has not
been damaged by the carelessness of hired help :?

,arelessness, and it works admirably. The fol-
owing, written by Mary w. Fisher, for the
Roral Ne,o Yorker, might be adopted with
profit whenever hired help is employed:
One of the rules of ''Our house, is to make
the ''help," both on the farm and in the house,
for the loss and breakage of at
sicles confined to their care and use. The
result is, that the breakage of crockery is al
most nothing, and other losses are in proper
ton. I think that 'help," as a rule like this
method of management much better than the
fuss" and scolding that usually accompany
breakage. They learn double lesson this
way; to be careful, and to know the cost and
value of things. Of course the master or mis-
tress can always make whatever allowance
they think best in regard to accidents. When
ever have occasion to introduce new "help,
into my family service, l inform her at the
outset that what she breaks she will have to
pay for; and the announcement is always
received. Not long ago, L
overheard new arrival in the kitchen remark
to my hOusekeeper :"Madame's rule is good
one about breaking dishes. l was at place
two years ago, where there was the same rule,
and where broke some dishes. But, mind
you, haven't broke any since. Some girls
slam dishes around, and don't care whether
they break 'em or not. l guess if they had em
to pay for, they would be more careful;'' - and
I was quite of the same mind. 1t is some
times well to know the opinion OF hired help
on household management.
HORSES FOR THE FARM.-Size is without
doubt the measure of strength, and big,
heavy horse will be stronger and more able
to draw a heavy load than small, light one.
But as the soil on farms varies greatly in tex
ture, it will require different sized animals,
4o ~ Tho coil Hp4VV
clay or hard gravel land will demand stron-
ger team to plow and work the soil than
smooth, light sandy soil would hence it will
be good economy to employ horses to suit the
nature of the work. A light span of fifteen
hand-high horses turning up stiff, heavy clay,
work with too much distress, and farmers
should be humane and consider the fact that
it would be the best and cheapest in the
end to have big, strong horses to 40 the
work on such farms, because they will last
longer, do better and more work, and there
will be no reproach for cruelty to dumb brutes.
Small horses are preferable to the big, clumsy
elephant kind on light loamy or sandy soils
and good level roads to market but look out
for big horses when the ground is hard, the
hills steep and the roads deep, for little horses
can't ''git up and git'' at An angle OF forty
five degrees like big horses can. A triple
Ucdll UtlOIS GllS WllOh ViiO SAoohN AZ
hard, and doubling the teams on bad roads,
is good way to get along with small horses,
if on some occasion it is required, but when
the occasion happens too often twill be better
to keep stout sixteen-hand horses on the farm
and wade through all such difficulties without
There is something in the good
breed of horses TO be sure, but the manger has
the biggest share of furnishing the best breea":
One old Quaker said to another, put the
whip in your horses belly, like I do, and you
won't tire your arms so much laying on the
gad.". The old man was right, and it is best
to feed well at all times.-COr. Gernaa'to'co
Telegraph.
churning is in doing too much. Not one in
hundred stops when he has done enough. To
get the best butter and bring it into the best
style for cleansing it of buttermilk, the churn-
ing should be steady rather than violent, and
stop when it has come enough to rise and sep
arate distinctly from the buttermilk, and ap-
pear in fine particles of granules which, though
soft, will be nothing but pure butter. Then
the whole contents of the churn should be
reduced with cold water, or what is better,
cold brine, to about fifty-ive degrees, and
churned very moderately till the granules
become so distinct and hard that they can be
handled without sticking together; all the
churning needed will be done. After this it may
be washed either in the churn or out, with cold
water brine, till the liquid runs off clear, when
it will be ready for stirring in salt without
any working at all If the churning continues,
as is usual, tin the butter is all gathered into
one or few Jumps, it will inclose so much but
termilk as to require an amount of working,
even if done in the most skilful manner, that
will materially injure the grain of the butter
and make it appear greasy, and lessen its tine
flavor and hurry on stale and strong flavor.
All this labor and injury can be avoided by
stopping in time, while the butter is in gran
ules and cooling and washing as described.
SUMNER ATTENTION TO FRUIT TREES
There are a few operations, small in them
selves, which are often overlooked in summer,
the neglect of which results in positive harm.
Trees which were recently set out, and are
making their first growth in the orchard this
year, should have the soil kept clean and mel
low about them for a few feet on each side.
Their success and thrifty growth depend
largely on this care When the hot dry days
of midsummer make their appearance, newly
set cherry trees are greatly benefited, and Of
ten saved from destruction by a copious mulch
ing. Where CRAFTS have been set on young or
old trees, examine them and rub off all shoots
springing up below the CRAFTS. The present is
the best time to remove suckers from the
trunks Of orchard trees-not by cutting them
away and leaving stumps which will spring up
new suckers, but by pulling them off with a
brisk jerk downward, setting the foot first on
them if they are strong. If low down, remove
the earth about the tree. A gouge and mallet
may be needed for large suckers. By timely
rubbing off young supernumerary shoots on
young orchard trees, the tops may be brought
into good shapes without the necessity OF
heavy pruning in future. Register newly set
trees in book before the labels or names are
lost Country Gentleman.
WATERING GARDENs.-In the summer
drouths which now and then occur, it is COM
mon to see persons everywhere at work water
ing the gardens to keep things alive until the
regular rains come. 1t is, however, the eX-
perince of all that the more garden is water
ed the more it wants, and thus on the whole
it does little good Yet water can be so given
as to be free from this objection. 1t is the
hardening of the surface which causes the
evil, and a hard, compact surface always
dries out faster than a loose one. The proper
way is to take the earth away for few inches
around the plant to be watered, so as to make
q sort of basin, and into this pour the water,
letting it gradually soak away. After it has
all disappeared and the surface gets little
dry, then draw the earth back again which has
been displaced to make the basin. This will
make loose surface over the watered part,
which will preserve it from drying out rapidly.
Tomatoes, egg plants, cabbages and other
things of this character Watered in this way,
will need no renewal of water for several
weeks. It is slow way of getting work done,
but is the only sure way to do it.
az A French journal states that chloride
Of lime scattered about where rats and mice
frenuent will cause them to desert the spot. |