, 1880-06-19

ire are, however, admirable c~isterns Of
water, hydrants, and hose are on every
floor the men are we'll instructed aud
dFllled, SO as to net promptly in case of
emergency. Patent safety gas lamps,
enclosed in crystal globes, are always kept
with a speck still burning, so that, without
opening the lamp or the use OF q naked
fame, the light can in an instant be turned
up.
40 increasing proportion Of -four is ex-
ported in sacks, which cost from 12c. to
15., according as they hold l40lbs. or
20Olbs. The smaller are preferable on
account OF their facility of movement. In
sacks, the -four is easily and cheapIy pack
ed both on car and on shipbourd. The
sack, moreover, costs less than one-half
the price of the barrel. In sacks, more
over, the full weight of the -four ia more
likely to be insured. In the barrel, now
ever, which costs 42c. TO 4ic.. and weighs
cobb, the -four is less likely to be iuiured by
being placed in a dirty car or bysea water;
While Mr.. w. II. BaiIey's stamped paper
Innings, if used, 1T o triAlng cost per barrel.
not only aid in preserving the flour, but
prevent the common fraud Of reflling bar
rels bearing Il superior brand with -four OF
inferior quality.
British mi lers and bakers anxiousIy
inquire whether these improved American q
processes pay. A few figures may afford
experts the basis for their calculation. AT
Minneapolis it appears that 2S5lbs. to
300Ibs. OF No. 3 spring wheat, weighing
G2lbs. per bushel, IRE required to make u
barrel OF -four. About SO per cent OF this
flour is the ordinary bakers qualities F.;
about 40 per cent. is the patent, worth
about 80 per cent. more thGn the bakers ;
about 10 per cent. is slow grade" sold at
about halt the price of the bakers -four.
Besides about lob. Of waste IN making Of
each barrel Of -four, there is about 6O!bs.
OF bran and offal, worth lOd. to .s.. or
sold at mill at SIS to So per ton OF 2,000lbe.
This low price Of the ofaI is one Of the
American miller's disadvantages, which he
has hitherto vainly sought TO remedy
by cOndonsing the bulky bran into a porta-
bic form and thus proGtabIy forwarding it
to British markets, where it would be
worth about five times the price it brings
at Minneapolis. The transport of the
flour to European markets, whether, in
sacks or in barrels, is, however, effected on
through bills of lading on terms very ia
Vourable for theAmeric4n miller BY sever
al routes the barrel of -four can be trans
ported from Minneapolis to Liverpool,
London, or Glasgow at So. TO SIS. Cd.
The larger conveniently situated British
mills have, however. nothing to fear from
American competition. They purchase
their wheat in 4 much wider market. The
supplies OF the whole world are on offer
to them. Wheat off the coast is usually
to be purchased on relatively easier terms
than it can be bought from the farmer who
has grown it or merchant who has stored
it. The transport and insurance charges
are about the same as those which the
American miller will have to pay upon his
flour. But the British miller of means has
o further advantage. Many cargoes off the
coast are tor Immediate sale; money has
been advanced upon them; their sale being
usually imperative within q few days
gives the purchaser an advantage which
may be estimated at about Is. per quarter.
The Americans have no monopoly of i'm
proved machinery. The ingenious and
important improvements recently made by
American Observation-Disclosures are not
conioed to Amer lea. In many modern
British mills these improvements are intro.
duced- On two of the largest Lancashire
mills American a%rtifcers are now at work
-o-fo4ftn- I'D ~o@lz-s.- A.