Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1880-02-12

The above shows the Clement Att
We publish above cut of "The Clement
Attachment" the little machine which it Is
claimed will revolutionize the Southern cotton
business, and build up the broken fortunes Of
the Cotton States. Since the perfection of the
invention, much has been written concerning
its capabilities, its manner of operation and
the important work that it is destined to do in
the recuperation of the South. The subject
of its introduction, in many of the Southern
States has been extensively agitated, and in
this State, as we'll as elsewhere, committees
have been appointed by the agricultural go
cieties Of several counties to prepare statistics
and report, in order thatit may be determined
whether or not the machine can be put into
operation with reasonable prospects Of making
the enterprise pay. AtWestminster, S. c., on
the Airline Railroad, one of the mills has
been in operation for some time, the success of
which will be more fully shown hereafter 1t
will, therefore, be of much interest to the
State at large, at this time, to have the subject
presented in all its details, and with this end
in view, we publish the following complete
description of the machine, with such other
matters relating to its operations as will be OF
interest:
"THE CLEMENT ATTACHMENT
is small cotton gin, used by the yarn manu-
facturer, in connection with the top fiat cot
ton-card, for converting seed cotton directly
into silver. It differs from the plantation gin
in the following, viz: The saws are smaller,
and are set closer together on the saw shaft,
the teeth of the saws are finer, the brush is
smaller and more thickly set with bristles, the
saws and brush both run much slower, and
the brush runs but little faster than the saws.
It also has peculiar moter or set of combin-
ing plates, which removes the notes and trash
from the lint as it is taken from the seed.
The seed cotton is cleaned Of all dust, grit,
and much leaf trash and notes, before it is
passed to the attachment, by small and in
expensive machine, called the cotton-cleaner.
1t occupies space of only forty by forty by
forty-eight inches. The size of the gin is reg
ulated by the size of the card with which it is
to be connected. The extreme dimensions of
gin for thirty card are eighteen
by eighteen by. ffty.six inches. 1t is framed
to fit the frame Of the card. in place Of the
licker-in and lap-rolI, as used in theold meth,
cd, which entities it to the appellation ATTACH
ment" The Clement attachment, therefore,
is simply the plantation, or Whitney gin, so
modified and improved by Clement and others,
that it works in direct connection with the
manufacturers card. It gently removes the
lint from the seed, without breaking or nap
ping it, and transfers it to the card.cylinder by
means of slow brush, without tangling, in
exact proportion to the capacity or require
ments of the card-no condensing, no tapping
1t at once dispenses with all opening or lap.
ping machinery, and forms new process Of
manufacturing, whereby seed cotton is made
directly into silver. The silver is then made
into yarn by the usual method.
Many who may be interested in reading Of
the Clement attachment new process of man.
ufacturing, may not be acquainted with yarn:
making machinery, the peculiar names and
Offices of the different parts and its workings.
We will, therefore, describe the old method in
this connection, in order to give clearer un-
derstanding of the new.
$3.50. THE OLD METHOD. n 80.
The first operation of the old method is to
open and loosen up the lint from its pressed or
compressed state, and prepare it for carding.
The most improved machines now in use for
these purposes, are the compound opener, lap
per, and the 6nisher lapper with evener. The
latter forms the lap, which is & kind Of wide
cotton bat, into large roll, called the lap
roll. The lap roll is then passed to its place
on the card frame, where it is slowly unrolled
and fed to the card the feeding is done by
what is known as the licker.in and feed rolls.
The licker.in and feed rolls are fitted to the
card-frame in close proximity to the card cyl
inder, and, as it were, lick in the lint to the
card cylinder. The card cylinder revolves
under system Of top.ft cards, in such man.
ner as to comb it out, straighten or lay paral-
lei the fibre. The fibre, thus Strengthened, is
then removed from the card cylinder by an
other and smaller cylinder, known as the dof.
fer. It'is then stripped from the doffer by a
rapidly reciprocating comb, into thin sheet,
which is passed through guide and pair of
cylinder rolls and shaped into continuous
roll of silver. By this method line or sys-
tenn of cards is always used; the silver, from
the different cards, is all passed into one trough
or railway box, as it is called, and is conveyed
by an endless apron or belt, to the railway
drawing head, where it is all united and drawn
into one, and delivered to revolving tin can
The cans 80 filled with silver, are passed to
the drawing frame, where the silver is again
doubled and drawn. 1t is then passed in the
cans to the coarse speeder, where it is drawn
smaller and wound on spools The spools are
then passed to the fine speeder, where the row.
ing is doubled, drawn and wound on other
spools. Thence to the spinning frames, where
the rowing is spun into yarn.
THE NEW METHOD.
We will now give the new or seed cotton
process. The first operation is to pass the
seed cotton through the cotton cleaner, which
cleans it of all dust, grit, and much of the
leaf trash and notes. 1t is then uniformly
distributed on an endless revolving apron Of
tho feeding table, so situated as to place it
into the Clement gin, which is attached to the
card. The gin takes the lint from the seed,
the brush takes it from the gin; and the card
cylinder takes it from the brush. 1t is then
carded, drawn, roved and spun, as by the old
method. By this process there is no tanglng,
mapping, cutting or breaking of the 6bre-no
condensing, no packing, no opening, no pick
ing, nolapping.
ADVANTAGES OF THE NEW PROCESS
By this process only four machines are ne
cessary to convert any given amount of seed
cotton into perfect yarns-viz: card, as
.l.x,ol i oJoro nd