The new North-west., 1880-07-02
pporEssoR noRpEnsKJoLp's REPORT
or the First Successful Attempt to Make ihe
Northeast Passage.
Translated for the New NoHra'we-r oy Ole Bjerse'
Enporia, Kansar.l
CONCLUSION.

CONCLUSION.
That part OF Behri"g's Island we sa" Is
formed Of high platean, resting on VOL
canic rock which in, in many places, inter-
rupted by deep kettle. formed valleys; usu'
ally these form lakes asd connect with the
ocean through rivers Of various capacity.
The lake shores and the mountain slopes
bear a rich vegetation OF high grass aud
beautiful fbwers, among which II one
which In cultivated in our flower gardens,
the sward lily, "a species Of the iris, l be-
lieve.-TranslatoI); the useful dark brown
Savannah lily; many orchidians; two large
fuweiing varieties If the rb"dodsndron.s SIX
feet high; umbeiIfera sunfower like Sylvan
tbereans, Sc. or entirely different charac,
ter appeared the iset off the harbor. OF
which Drs Kjellman and Stuxberg report
as follows:
"The island or Toparkof Is formed OF
eruptive rocks which every ywhere along the
coast are uphraved few SCORES OF feet
above the hig hest tide In the form Of low,
sheltered precp'ces Of s to 10 metres in
height Above these precipices the surface
forms level plain, aud below, a gentle de
clivity toward shore. The shore c"nsists
OF two separate belts-oue exterior devoid
OF vegetation and the interior with growth
OF amadenia peploides. elymus mpllis aud
two varieties OF the umbilhfria. Heiacl' um
Sibericiau, aud angelica arch-sng-Iich the
latter 70, ming al Impenetrable c"pse, six
A.. 49,. xptH ht.
steep cliffs are in some places yellow With
lichrns, mostly the calap lace mur'rum aud
calcrenulata, and iu othei localities well
covered with cochlearia feuestrata. The
upp"r level plain is occupied by close.
flesh lawn. here and there dotted with
few lunches OF the umbillifera named
above.
or the higher orders Of animal We only
saw four species Of birds, the fratercula
cirrhata, uria gr, lie and speci,s Of the
skaro. phaiacroroax and gull (larus). The
fratercula was here in millions. They in
habi,ed the upper plain iu which they bur-
rowed in every direction. making holes
short, deep. very wide, provided with tw"
openings. When we came upon them they
fsw in great swarms, forth and back, to
and from the ocean. Their multitude ap-
pear almost like that seen near Arctic bird
rocks.
The species nf invertebrates reaches per-
haps thirty (30), the most numerous being
the machilis, yitrpa, ,lithobius, tolitrus and
some few double winged co.eoptera. These
were all round on the inner belt where the
ground was very moist"
Behring's Island may without difficulty
support vast herds Of horned cattle, per-
haps equal to the great herds OF the sea
COWS which formerly grazed on the shore.
For the rest, the sea COW had chosen its
pasturage with cunsnmmate foresight, for,
according TO DR.. Kjellnap, nowhere else on
the globe is q richer field Of the alga to be
found, the ocean bed. In favorable local.
ties, being covered with forests Of this ma
rine vegetable, 60 to 100 feet in height -
q mat 80 close and compact that the dredge
cav penetrate it with great d 'ficulty. The
alva a.e also used for food by the natives
TO some extent The locality the sea bear
fpqnents preferably lies 20 kilometres from
the village. We made the journey, each
with his separate voiture, which was at
tacned 10 10 dogs.
GLORIOUS FISHING GROUND.
90 this 'urney We made halt about
half way, and we had opportunity to par
s.,u N .,fA Hal m ft,a
last degree. The relay tent was situated
upon q level, grassy lawn, traversed by a
number Of small riVulets full Of q great va
riety Of fish. among which was the six
pronounced seek, 1t is a species Of trout
cnmmon In the lakes OF Scandinavia), a
small fSrdie, and u salmon Of middle size,
and with almost white fesh, and skin Of
rurple color; also another salmon, very
broad and humpbacked. The fishing WAS
simple enough, as the fish could oe caught
by the hand. ,pcarei with a stick or ku,fe,
or caught with AN ordinary fly net-any-
thing. Other species OF Salmon with red
flesh are found in the larger rivers. We OBJ
taiued here for trihe well
come delicacy, and a
q much relished variation 10 diet for the
preserved victuals, of which long since we
had become tired.
The expedition received from the Masca
Company fpe beef. milk and some other
fresh victuals. and cannot fully do jus
tice to the kindness shown us, as we'll by
the Russian official. Herr Grobyietski, a
jealous and sagacious naturalist, as by the
officers OF the Masca Company, and by ev-
cry person on the island We came In con-
tact with. Originally had intended to
sail from Behring's Island to Petropo~losk
in orier To prevent the arrangements which
possibly were contemplated for our relief.
This course was obviated, as the steamer
Alexandria, belonging 10 the Alaska Com.
pany, anchored 10 the haI Dor two days after
our arrival, and was ,und for Petropow.
lowsk, stopping only TO complete her car
60 for that port.
The Alexandria was commanded by Cap
tain Sandman. and was manned almost ex-
clusively by swedes, Norwegians, Danes
and Firms.
On board the Alexandria were two natu-
ralis,s, Drs Benedict Dubowski and Julian
Wimut The first Ia q Polandsr, bani:hed
to Siberia, now pardoned, whose eminent
labors 10 zoology form some Of the most
valuable contributions which have. In the
decenu!um. been obtained on the natural
history of Siberia. HIS Investigations have
hitherto been chiefly confined to the Bajkal
regions. IL 10 bis intention now to extend
them to Kamschatka, and he has therefore
voluntarily accepted the charge OF physi.
clan 10 Petropowlosk. Science has rea.
son to expect ve.y rich results from bis and
bis companions labos in one Of the most
interesting countries Of the north-the
most deprecated a.d the least known.
TO YOKOHAMA.
The Vega left Behring's Island the 10Th
M Apuua. In the avsuiuu aud the aurhor