davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10
Apples Their Origin Unknown.


The apple crop liz very abundant NIL
ant to- he every second wear. the non
productive season being known to farm
ers IA the oil year. The origin of this
very widely growing fruit IL unknown.
though 1t has been cultivated time out OF
mind A the apple is mentioned III the
Bible. 1t If presumed L. hr native "i
Palestine, although ut present IN Canaan
and the surrounding region 1t IL ot no
value. Ii IL nov imported mt" Egypt
nrd ralc,,tinc from the nei%hhurho"d of
Damascus. II was extensively raised 10y
the Homans, albert the Roman apple
In thought 10y SOME To- have been very diff
fcrent from the apple described III the
scriptures. Pllny SAYS that his country
men were acquainted with - varieties.
America produces more than POO Narie-
ties. The apple III very hardy. 1t grows
On all SOILS free from excessive moisture,
except those of pcaty ur very sandy
character The tree IL noted for longev
lty. often hearing fruit for 2OO and 80
vrara the finest kinds of apples com
ing from trees from ~ To- 81 wears old.
The orchards If the republic occupy about
ZOO, 900 acres. and tlicir product IL
worth some Silt, OnO, Ohn. most OF the pro
duct being apples. American apples are
the best in the world, and have great
reputation abroad. commanding large
prices in Europe They are used for
dessert, especially the Newton fippln,
Baldwin. Spitzcubrrs md Swaar, are pre-
pared in various forms lnr the table, ars
ma,le into lellv. CIDER, wine and brandy,
are dried and sold in large quantities,
AMI are on the whole, used IN more WAYS
than any other fruit.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

The most important parts of the annual
report of the Secretary of the Treasury are
those which relate TO the reduction of TAXA
ton; new scheme for refunding Govern
ment bonds MS they come due in short-tlmc
treasury notes of small denominations and
bearing a low rate of interest, and the silver
question On the first point the Secretary
thinks that n considerable reduction may he
expedent, although it would he better TO
continue the present taxes than to en-
danger the ability of the Govern
ment To meet IFS annual expenses
and the sinking fund. The revenues
may not continue 50 large as at present, and
it is Il question for Congress, whether the
revenue should I've reduced or the whole sur
plus applied 10 the payment of the accrning
debt, which would he an important element
in aid of rcfunding. II Congress shonld tie
eide to reduce taxes, the Secretary recon-
mcnds that all internal revenue taxes, ex-
cept those on bank circulation, spirits, to-
bacco and fermcnted liquors, should be re-
pcaled.
In order to help refunding, and to bring
the opportunity for investment in Govern
ment securities within reach of the great
middle class, the Secretary recommends that
authority be given him to issue S4OO, 900, 600
of treasury notes, in sums not less than $40,
bearing not over per cent interest, and Ia
run from one to ten years. The proceeds
would he used TO pay off and per cent
bonds. Secretary Sherman thinks that
these notes would come into much
greater demand than the SO refund
ing certificates which were issued last year.
They would afford a secure and convenient
form for small investments, and would be in
some respects preferable to savings bank de
the issue OF such notes would undoubtedly
tend TO cultivate habits of thrift and frugal
ity. The Secretary also recommends thai
authority be given TO sell at par not mcr,
than -four hundred millions of bonds al a rate
OF interest not greater than three and sixty
fiveone- hundrcths per cent, and rcdecinabl'
at the pleasure OF the United States afte
fifteen years.
In regard to the silver question Secretary
Sherman is in favor of recoining the silve
dollar, making its weight greater, 50 that il
market value il may be on II par with Tia
gold dollar, or of suspcnding lis cnmpulsorl
Coinage A silver dollar to be of equal valu
with the gold dollar should contain 49,:
grains. As the expense Of coming is abou
equal to the value Of five grains of silver i
is believed that dollar containing $50 grain
of silver, based upon Il ratio with gold Of on
10 l7.5 could he safely coined, and the Sec
Rotary recommends it as a wise policy nov
To regulate Icy law the coin value of the tw'
metals 50 AS 10 conform, 10 the market ratio
The cost of rccoiGing The silver dollars al
ready issued would not exceed the apparen
profit already made Icy coming cheap dollars
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10
PERSONAL AND POLITICAL.

In fourteen months Gov. Blackburn OF
Kentucky has pardoned over 900 penlten-
tiary conyicts and RENTED fines TO the
amount of $4,000.
In nearly every State where there was a
free and fair election the percentage OF III
Republican increase of vote at the late cleo
ton was larger than that Of the Democrats.
1t is estimated that 500, 900, 900 of cap
ital has been Withdrawn from California IN
consequence of the burdens imposed upon it
by the new constitution.
Those who profess to know say that Presi-
dent Hayes will carry back 10 Ohio fortune
of $50, 900, saved out of his salary.
Judge Houston, the Republican candidate
for Congress in Delaware, has notified the
Democrat declared to he elected that hc Will
contest his right to the seat, on the ground
that the assessment laws of the State were
devised to defeat the Fifteenth Amendment,
that 900 legal voters were left oil the lists,
that men voted on false tan receipts, and that
non-residcnis voted The investigation will
doubtless show how little of popular govern
ment there is in the little State of Bayard.
Despite the obstacles placed i'll the way oil
Republicans voting in North Carolina and
tue unfair counting, the Republicans made 4
net gain of 1,l9. compared with 1876. n
similar gain in the next election would wipe
out the Democratic majority.
Some of Gen Gariicld's friends say II he
takes an Ohio man fol his cabinet, IT is more
likely 10 bc Foster than Sherman. They III
Innate that there is little love lost between
the President elect and the Secretary of The
Treasury.
Gen. Garfield, the Washington Star says,
has received letters and messages from n
number of Southern Senators, promising lbs
administration a hearty support.
1t must be Il gratifying thing to Harvard
men, and to Literary fellcrs" generally. t"
| notice the praise which Gen. Devens receives
as the end of the Hayes administration ap
proaches. Gen, Devens is n thorough schol
ar of that type which is recognized On sight
as coming from Cambridge. Such finished
gentlemen as he do not always make adniira
BILE public servants The lesser colleges turn
out men who can more quickly and naturally
adapt themselves 10 contemporaneons prac
teal questions. The typical Harvard man !;
much too likely Ia avoid collision with aci'la
events, especially political events, and live II
an ideal atmosphere with Schopenhaucr, Ma
caulcy, Aristotle. Balzac, Nasari, AMI ih'
| Boston IdDertis,r. such, we say, ~ ordlh
arily the case When Cambridge men art
bright enough and broad enough 10 leave the
beatcn path, they have often attained in pol
tics positions quite ms eminent as those %
their brothers distinguished in other fields o.
| 1NJdHg .J,ptyHdi
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10
The Message.

h.a l'TpSlIl,ant =
,r;pt in ful, TODAY. will commend itself as
a straightforward, sensible document. Open
inc with a reference TO the general prosperity
of the country and the peace and order which
attended the late election, the message
,lludcs to the denial of the rights of citizen
chi, 70 colorcJ men at the South. and says,
:, or,ct that "a lnn,r rs such denial exists
H., So,,b will In, confronted by Il solid
North President HAYES urges that Congress
maxi. a ,horouch Investigation of every case
coming heforc il of violation of the Constitu-
iona, amendments and closes this branch of
III. ,oss,rc with 4 recommendation that. as
,o,u,or oJuc,,ion oiycs the assurance and
Guaranty of popular freedom, Congress sup
nl.,.,, Inv land grants or otherwise the in
aJcouate local educational funds in States
where The RESPONSIBILITIES of citizenship de
voIv, l,reely upon uneducated men.
President IIayes's previously expressed
views upon the civil service reform question
have he saws. been greatly strengthens by
exneriencc. and he repeats them at length,
with n recommendation for the constitution
of n commission TO devise proper system
anil superyise its application. lie strongly
condemns the ''spoils' system, by which The
Amounting mower has been SO largely en-
! croached upon by Congress.
As TO polygamy the President considers
nrompt. and decided measures necessary. One
! of his recommendations is that Governor OF
the territory of Utah and judges or comnis-
sioner be appointed by the Federal Govern
ment-thus placing the territory under gov
eminent analogous to that oil The Northwest
in the carly days OF the Repupiic- An aiter-
native recommendation IS that poYgamists
be derived of the right TO vote, hold Office
and sit on juries.
A very large portion oil thc message Is &C
cupicd with statement OF our foreign re-
latlons. The Fortune Bay ALTAR Is, The fresl-
dent says, in fair way TO be satisfactorily
settled. In relation 10 the proposed lsthman
canal he repeats his previous opinion that
the United States ought TO assert anu MALL
tain such supervision and authority over IL
as TO protect our National interests A num-
Der of other matters IN relation 10 our iofeiSh
affairs are touched upon, but The Two men
toned are OF thu Choicest general interest
As TO our foreign commerce, the President
is strongly in favor OF liberal subsidies.
In relation TO the hnances' the ioiio"ihs
figures arc given: The National revenues l"
the wear ended June 80, 1851, were SSH
SEC, G10; expenditures, S261, G42, 95i-lcavlns
a balance of surplus revenue of So, $50. 6o3,
which, with eight millions cash from the
Treasury, was applied to the sinking fund.
The estimates for the current year show 4
probable surplus of ninety millions of dollars.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

votes. In 1876 there were ?,.al votes cast
for the Prohibitionist candidates, 55S ior the
anti Masonic and 1884 scattering Or
these figures the Tribune says
The sum of the totals given ahnye shows
that 9,2O0, s66 votes were east Tor l'rtsidcnt
this wear. The Republicans cast loi ,oso
more votes this wear than in 1876, Inc Dem
ocrats 1jl $50, the Grcenback men .so,""t'
the Prohibtionsts -, and the nti-Masonic
party 554-making 4 total increase OF 'eo,-
6.S in the vote of the five parties ne net
increase in the total of all the VOTES cast,
however. is 121 .6S there having been
falling of of 300 in ;hc scattering v"'cS-
In the above table the votes for the regular
Republican ticket and for the HeaitIc hrAei
i3S. 294 and Q, $40 respectively IN i"iiS''i,i'
are added together, and IN virginia III,
fupder and rc-adiustcr votes l'6, 81? anu
81. $500 are credited Ia Hancock. IN Maine
the fusion vote go. Isl Is counted i'r ii'n,
cock. although Weaver would have receive"
four electoral votes and Hancock only ihrte
| if The ticket had been successful. me to,''s
as they stand in the tables give "afltiu Il
nlur,li,y oi 1,O5g Ii the Bcatiie Noics III
Innisi,n, and the re .adiustcr votes in lr-
rini, ar,. subtractcd, Garllelds rlurai'iy
! would he %. SIS. Excluding with these Inc
t;rcenback proportion of the fusion vote IN
Maine about 31,2i0), Gariiclds plurality
would he raised to -, So. Garfield plural
ity is hest represented, perhaps, by the ',s-
ures -. COS. These figures are oo'aiheu ny
retaining the Bcatiie and re.adInster I"'es'
which were for Garfield and Hancock re-
sne,tively. and transferring the lireehi'i'h
nroportion of the fusion vote in Maine To Inc
Weaver column. In this calculation Inc
G,eenh,cl, vote is increased 10 $40. so
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10
NOTES AND NOTES.

Owing to the good times prevailing Santa
Claus will this year be- allowed To wear II III
tccn-ccnt diamond pin.
There is some talk of the Prince of Wales
visiting Canada If so, hr will he received
in almost AS fine style as il lac were llanlan
Mr.. I.aneiry. husband "i the jersey
Lily. " has come over alone. lie will find IA
New Jersey over here, hut lis lilies are out
of season.
The ancient writer, who said that the time
would come when glass clothing would he
used, turns out TO he n true prophet. Bern
hurdt is To have ~ made of spun glass :
colorcd, of course.
The authorship of beautiful SNOW has
been settled finally A little tot of tw" years
looking ont al the window during The last
storm. said bod docs il ~. }. 10"
msrcial
A Baltimore clergyman recently preached
on the subject why was Lazarus beg
garf" We suppose because he didn't advcr
tisc- burlington Hnchfgc.
There are some -, 600 more females thnn
males in Philadelphia, AMI yet some people
wander why some girls marry bow l'H'scd
men. Ihihdiphm Chronich.
II am "A skcplicl" said an Immature per
son of the masculine gender in "A valngl"ii"ns
strain. "An cpicplic p nskcd an old laiy
somewhat hard of hearing. Poor hoy
You look like it, So You de-. NhIlr me
smile went round, the youth went out. H"s
ton T'ranSript.
The sjckcst state in the Union III. -
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

..,
tau passed. H. 49, an "'' 'U'i'"'li'- 49,,
court 10 u'hl'%r tiLI hill- 90 iu-i'', 49, -
Sl"'hdihIliiH 10 hllIr'n' tue l'lI '7'i'' W '''"
wards
fdNmthi al N"i'@ y. ~ az ','' Ih'h'"E '''
arl III allrhdlnrlt OF 'nii N'"i lh, '''h''' X ~
ul''S. WIS Hii the ltlid Iih'- 'i l'i' 20 W
Ahrll demanded inc yeas dlll M" NH'W WI
taken Yeas l"' NAYS - 3" me nm WI. l'7''' !"
roh'uift nee WIN plhl"5'il- "l 1ih'h''l',hl-
me superintendent "l NsIi'uuui' II ~ 81, -.
10 u peal sections J. hnd '"l an 1'l 'Slii0hlhG
a Stale superintendent ol d@i"hlIuiil Az ANS 'l
proved November -. l~'' Mhi'h was f'lHil'H
Against N The '"nlinil'r On Asfi'nlluftWiS ldh'h
from The tIr a. special order. The l'iil repeats
>" much "i Tue l'l al lN., - establishes lh super
lhirhdrhN al agriculture. amt leaves uhl"u'htl
llid liii "i il' 81 a"iiSiili@ III" OFT "dli "l ~
nruliurc. VIZ. spar al l'tiin'frr moved ihii me
b he AGAIN ordered 10 ltr IA view ul the lHlshli"l'
pending. wih'h rmtchil'l1l's NE ir-'~iahlishm'h
al li' h"Ii'I al irr"ullut''. Tue "hi Wa "ii'l''
II ne
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

SENATOR JUSTIN 5. MORRILL, the last Re
publican chairman OF the Senate Finance
Committee, thinks any attempt on the part
Of the Government 10 fix new silver stand
ard without the concurrence of European
nations would he uuwise While in Paris
last Summer h" had AN opportunity of exam
ininr letters which Mr.. George Walker, the
American Consul General at Paris, had re
from which he gathered that there would he
little difficulty now in securing The co-opcra-
ton Of all the greai European powers except
Great Britain in fixing an international rcla-
tive standard for silver. a Washington de-
81 a'ch t. the Trib',H', after quoting Mr.
Morrills views, s1ys that General Francis A.
Walker who WI. one of the American dele
gales IL The international Monetary Confer
ence held in Paris il 1888, entcrtains prac-
ticiilly the sane uptni'ns. lie says that an
attempt on the pant Of The United States
alone 10 maintain 4 given double standard
can hardly result successfully The United
Status, in proportion To its population, uses
other country. An arrangement with France
and Germany which would include all the
Latin and scandinavian countries, would be
practicable nal thu double standard pro
vilrl i,r ia .n.-h IN arrangement might be
maintained in,i. iin,trly
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

vote itself chiefly TO airing theories, leaving
to the next generation the task OF adopting
something practical in the way oil REFORM
then less formidable organization, and less
money, will answer its purpose what Is
needed is not generation of agitation by
doctrinsircs, but the speedy adoption oil
some plain and practical rules, regulating
appointments and the tenure OF "iiiee-such
as President Hayes recommends IN his mes
sage-or wiser ones il they can be found
which shall secure the departments from
Congressional dictation, and relieve Con
sressmcn of the pressure and responsibility
of the appointing power, which now virtual
" rests with them. For such change oil
the system, we believe the majority of intel
lisent citizens are ready. Whether the CivI
Service Reform Association will help o.
hinder such change. remains 10 be Seen
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10
civil scrv.ce Refnrm.

A ",i.ii SCI, i"c ri"rm association has
just been "rslnlrI, with George William
Curtis as i.rsi.l'ni and Nj Blisi"w, Gen
Met hllin, Howard Poster. DR. Bellows
Durnnu Il: Eaton, John LAY, RoI.rr, r.
Minturn. T. l.. i,.dlin and Horace White
anpu-' is officers. The a-sociaiion proposes
10 l".in at "nrc systematic agitation for a
COM. i''lr reform Of the present system of
ci,ii service. PAINS have been taken to Sc
cuir membership from hath the political par
lies and Ia appuriiun the officers between
them. Two hundred individuals residing in
twenty five different States, have pledged
themselves (" an annual contribution Of near
" $500 per year 10 support the association
aud carry nui ms purpose II is stated that
1t viii Igilatc for a scientific system avail
ing lis''li largely of the experience of other
civilized countries, and paying no regard to
the impossiility of realizing its schemes,
perhaps for generation or to the opposition
and criticism it will encounter" If this
mr. ans that the association proposes TO de-
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

Is his rport, Attnrney-t;eneral Devens
calls attention To the violations of the cleo
ton laws at the South. lie says that in
many districts there has been n great i'm
provcmcnt, and that in places where there
has been heretofore just cause 81 complaint
the elections were honestly and peacefully
conducted. In other places, however, he re-
ports that there were grave frauds, that
meetings assembled for the peaceful advo-
ctcy Of the merits Of candidates have been
rcI,atcdly lr,Lcn up entirely, or invaded
10y bands of armed ruifilns, and that this
was done in some instances after public
avowal had been made of the intention thus
to act, and pnhlc invitations to that effect
given, while ma cifst was made 10y the local
authorities 10 prevent such outrascs. The
Attorncy-t;rncral urges that there should be
an investigation for the purpose of punish
ing the various organized offences against
the clecti.n lws-a suggestion in accord
with the recommendations Of the President
to Congress.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

The LEGISLATURE is now actively ut work.
Committee meetings in the State House keep
that building brightly Illuminated until he
vond orthodox bed time and the reports show
"a grateful change from bills introduced Ia
reports Of committees and third read
Ines"
The Senate has voted to abolish the office
of superintendent of agriculture and the dis
cussion and vote upon the motion io abolish
the office of the superintendent oi education
revealed II strong dissatisfaction with the
system and normal school education, as at
present in operation in the State.
At last a hill to cqlialize taxation has been
reported by the Committee on Grand Lists,
No prophet can forecast how the hill will
be treated hy the Legislature. Large "wnCrs
of personal property are quite certain to hc
opposed To il. The lIll is rather searching
in its provisions.
The House spent a good part OF the fore
noon Yesterday, considering Senator Dunton's
nuisance act 1t is needless To say the House
WAS ready and anxious to stiifen mp the
prohihtory law.
Tuesday afternoon the House spent fight
ing over the hills Ia raise the pay of mcsscn-
gers. swccpcrs, etc, 10 81 per diem and 10
iiX the salary of members at ; $50 per SEES
sion. Both bills were dismissed.
The Committee on State prison recon-
mcnds many important changes. The com
mittcc believe that Sa0, 900 is the smallest
sum which will he adequate for the support
and improvement of the prison. Among
the most important recommendations made
are the building of new barns, a new pigger
~, new drain, pipes 300 feet long, from
the prison to the Connecticut river, with :
fall Of 100 feet the removal of the souil
shop, which they sligmatize as being unsaf,
and insufficient, and building in its place
new shop the demolition of the old wood
IN building now used for an engine ant
boiler house the rebuilding of the supcrin
| tCndcni's dwelling house in such 4 manner a
to connect the two prisons, with Il guar
room on the first floor which will command ;
view of the prison yard and corridors Of hotl
| prisons, As is the case in every prison il
New England except the prisons of Vernon
and Connecticut the making of the officers
| quarters more conImodious, and the repair
| ing Of the apartments for female ConvlCis-
The whole number of bills introduced II
the House is Az, and in the Senate l92.
The recent meeting at Montpelier at tn
County Clerks 10 canvass the Electoral vot
! cost the state about Il, 900. of this sun
S6i9.2l were for the fees, attendance, etc, q
the County Clerks; the balance goes TO Off
GERS that carry returns from towns 10 the coun
ty seat. The meeting of the Electoral Colles
cost the State $751; 20. The messenger tina
carries the vote 10 Washington receives fron
Uncle sam S2.ji per mile, one way, whic
amounts to nearly 5000 for our messenger.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-12-10

turned to see who had spoken, the man said,
"IIallo Roscoe, | used to know you, in
reply to which Mr.. ConIlmg extended his
hand, saying cautiously, al not only used
to know you, but know You still. How do
you do, to-day =
The death, in the Utica Insane Asylum, oil
Rev George }. Brown, the eloquent preacher
Of the Methodist Troy Conference, is an
nounccd. lie has been subject Ia mental abcr-
ralionS for years, which increased To violent
insanity afcw months since. His age was Al
Eosinc Bernard Bernhard, known as Sara
Bcrnharit, now acting at the Globe theatre,
Boston, was born in Paris, October ~, lSli
| Her mother was 4 Jcwcss, and her father
| placed her in convent. She was admittc'
/ 10 the Conservatory in Paris in 1858. aud hel
| dramatic success has been marked from
| the hcginning of her career.