Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1880-04-23
Farm and Household.
University Of Vermont and state AFri.
cultural College.

o.
and will be MADE either IN futur, articles o-
by private commune cation.
N e BucEHAN rresiJeui
The results Of the experiments viii OF
course Toe most valuable when taken il con
uectiou with the composition and cost Of the
fertilizers il the markets and the teachings
Of science and experiments Is to their use
Since the chief use Of commercial fertilizers
Is 70 supply plant food the rule shonld be to
select those materials which supply. IL the
best forms and at the loves; cost, the plant
food which the crop needs and the soils fail
% furnish The ingredients Of plant food
most often lacking il our soils are phosphor-
ic acid nitrogen and potash, and less FIRE
uuently sulphuric acid and lime. OF the
commercial fertilizer which Vermont far
mers viii do bes, to buy to supply these sub
stances aside from plaster which furnishes
sulphuric acid and lime aud helps the growth
Of crops il other ways also the following
are among the most important
PARTIAL T1ErI11zEEs.
For pbp,Jboro ooi8 with sulphuric acid
and lime Superphosp hates, j. E., dissolved
bone black and mineral superphosphates.
For plo,plori, acid iriu q little dtvoQ,1.
''Nitrorenous" or ammoniated" superphos-
pilates and ground bone.
For HitroqsH oad pbosDbo,,c acid both IL
considerable quantities Peruvian cuRno and
fish guano.
For potasj., German potash salts OF the va
rious grades. Of which the "muriate with
nifty per cent or more OF actual potash, IL
generally preferable
The following details will be useful to rur-
chasers
j. >upevptosphata grgptr otherwise call
I'd acid phosphRtes. The CHIEF value Of
these rests il t1eir phosphoric acid They
are made 10y treating bone-black cleaned
bone Canada apatite. and South Carolina
Navassa and other fossil aud mineral phos-
pilates with suiphuric acid, which renders
their plospAoric acid soluble and hence avail
able to plants Besides phosphorlc acid they
contain sulpnuric acid. lime and other ingre-
dents Of less or 10 value. Dissolved bone
black and other suPerplospLRtes Of this class
with from j. 10 lt per cent OF solubl, Thos-
Ihoric acid are sold il The Boston and New
ORR markets FOR so 10 So per ton aud
furnish soluble lhosphoric acid al lo TO y
cents per pound.
. heterogeneous >gJ,rpbovy iGt.s Most Of
the so-call=d superphosphates IL the markets.
the ammouiAted and niuogeuous superp1o--
phates And guauos other than hsl ruauo and
true Peruvian Cuano are prepared by mixing
superphusIhGtes proper, Of higher or lower
grades with some materials 10 supply uIuo-
gen like dried blood meai-scraps aid dah-
scrAps These mixtures have the advautap,
over the superYhosphRtes proper that their
nitrogen l. very valuable and often essential.
and the disadvantage tnAt they supply les,
puosuhoric acid and that their valuable fer
tiI!zing ingredients are more costly than il
the uumize6 materials. They generally con
taiu from to IT, per cent Of phospLonc Acid,
of which from half to nearly all l. available
soluble and reverted and Il 10 per
cent Of nitrogen. They are retsiled al from
$40 to so per ton. which brings soluble
phosphoric acid ii i 10 j. cents and nitro
gen at 20 10 80 cents per pound.
.. Gr0aHd 5o1.t-Pure ground bone con
taIns usually from 20 to % per cent Of phos-
phoric acid and from q to - per cent Of nj
troger. Il may be bought al from $50 to
. 10 cents and the nitrogen 10 to . cent.
per pound As compared with superphos-
pilates, bone has the disadvantage Of being
very SLOW il it. action unless ground 10 very
fine powder and the advantages tina; il fur
nishes more Of the available ingredients al
lower rates and that it l. more lasting
J. PerGridA Qadg.o. OF tue various grades
the standard DO per cent ammonia II one
of the best This contains about - per cent
of nitrogen equivalent 10 % pei cent ammo
MA, Il 70 Il per cent phosphoric acid and {.
to per cent Of potash, and retails IL Boston
and New York al 80 per toL. The nitrogen
thus costs about j. cents, the phosphorlc
acid, soluble, cents and reverted = ceuts.
and potash d cents per pound. Peruvian gu
auo l. q concentrated, guicE-aciiuC fertilizer
il ingredients sre IL readily available forms.
Taking into account qualify and price, il II
one Of the cheapest fertilizers Il tie market
IT, Phi gudAo ana .r-d scrap, art prepared
from the refuse, -pomace left after extract
Ing the oil from tAL. The scrap which j.
coarse Is much used along the coast. The
dried and ground hs1 gusuo contains usually
some TO ? per cent Of phosphoric acid and
per cent OF nitrogen and al SO 70 So per
ton supplies phOsphOrIc acid al : 10 = cents.
and nitrogen al J. 10 - cents per pound
Dry ground fish is 8 quict acting fertilizer
and al economical source OF nitrogen and
phospho-ic acid.
q. NitvogeA, Sdipiats of -lHn.oHia. ~
trqt, - Soda. Dried Blood.-Nitratl Of soda
II al present very high. SulphEte OF ammo
mia with - per cent Of ammonia eguivaleu,
10 20t per cent Of nitrogen. II quoted al -,
per ton which brings nitrogen q; about -
cents per pound i II very concentrated
quick acting fertilizer and very good for far
mers to buy a. source OF nitrogen Some
specimens contain less than - per cent an.
monia and should he sold al corresponding
mates Dried blood varies IL nitrogen usua.
ly from 10 j per cent, and Il prlce from
50 to 80 per ton. Al article with tel per
cent nitrogen - per cent ammonia a. So
would supply nitrogen At ~ cents per pound
=. F0Lau .sdlEs.-Aslde iron uuleacnel
ashes, the best source o. potash IL IL the Ger
mai potash salts. Of which there are thrr,
principal sorts IL our markets. ulpARtes
MuriEtes, and kaiuit, The guIphRtes ART Ii,
most expensive ana arr difficult 70 Obtain
pure. The muriateE with 80 per cent o.
chloride Of potassium OF more corresponding
"a ~ per cent OF over OF actuEl potash, II
sold at about $40 per ton. furnishes potash q
cent per pound, and lie TO be highly recon
meuded- Some prefer the suiphate foI potb
toes on the ground that it is said 10 have
better effect OIL the quality. Blu, this is lard
~ proven d. rule Il the experiments III
murlate mas brought excellent potatoes. AM
considering the less cost and greater reliahil
" OF the muriAte II Is doubtless preferaLl
for Vermont farmers. The Kaiuii If & loy
grade material containing great deal Of CON