New-York tribune., 1880-09-26
TWO IMPORTANT INDUSTRIES.

nTANOND CUTTING AND SUGAR REFINING.
E.crs COLLECTED BY THE cHIKF SPECIAL AGENT
oF The CENSUS N THIS CiTY-REcUTrING DIA-
MOXDs COT IN AMsTERD AM-PRuGREss OF THE
COLLECTION OF INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS.
Charles f. Hill Chief Special Agent of the United
States Census for tins city, said recently to n
TRIBUNE reporter that the canvass for manutactur-
inc ministries was advancing very satisfactorily.
Some delay has been caused either through the lg-
norance of 10 the nature oil the WORK ana
the raauirements of the law, or through unwilling
ness to furnish the information from various causes
Between two and three thousand returns are al
ready in hand II our manufacturers SAID Mr.
Hill .s,yould hear in mind that the information
souGht for will eventually be an index 10 foreign
countries of the immense resources ana skill Oi our
ueope Ia every branch OF industry, ana an
advertising medium of what we produce anu put
in the markets of the world, | think they ,wOuld
take more interest III promoting thc worA anu more
nlde IN the results be Obtained. The varieties OF
manufacturers OF all kinds Of articles are, even III
the limited canvass inns far completed, very niiner
ous In the Second Ward the assistant special agent
reports almost every DulrilhG DeehI'e ol pIouuOe
tive industry III nearly every known materdi OF
manufacture. We estimate the establishments OI
productive industry In this ward alone at upward
of 1000 -, .,.
Mr. Hill also SAID that, among the interest
ing facts discovered the work Is that
an important and almost new branch or industry
has sprung up III thus city Wlthlh very SnoIt lle.
IL is the cutting of diamonds Cntl rev years
Z therp W
ments i'm this country, and were reported III the
census of 1870 The one or tw0ust referreu 10 were
not exclusively devoted 10 tins WORK nor had they
auv great reputation outside of their immediate
nealbOrnood. As is well known" added Mr
HIiI d" all of the great diamonds nave Deeh cut
at Amsterdam. where 10 was usually believed there
existed "A secret art III this trade known Only 10
few VINO monoDoiized the business. The cutting OF
the diamond was momentous "A matter tbat royal
ty was permitted to be present only a. hlgh tavor
when some great gem was TO be hhlsLeu. Even
If is
these places ~,
Hitherto great care taken 10 cut as little of
the material awaV as possible in order 10 preserve
ira weight hence innumeraDle small facets were
cut without any regard 10 regular lines OF angles'
Now expert diamond-cutters IN TINS CITY are aetu
allv re hitting the best Amsterdam cut gems WIN
Mathematical facets, according To well-knuwn sci
entitic laws of light. This, although reducIng the
wetght greatly improves the brlllancv OF the stone
and more than cOmpensates for any loss OF the pre-
clous material The dealers tell our agents that Amer
lean Ladies' rs "A rule are very critical IN their pur-
chase of diamonds and require the puTest gems the
market affords, and the amount invested In tnese
brhants by the wealthy class everywhere ID
enormous. ,.., .i, of chic :;
.erestln9 department. OF industry which has already
been made that the average increase OF Vaue gwen
In theSe precious stones by the process indicated is
more than 50 900 for each person employed Tor
twelve months. which shows the value OF the hlgh
DEGREE of skill required. The dealers or tnls country
are importing the best Amsterdam workers ior TINS
branch Of industry, and are receiving tue pest Am,
steraam-cnt gems from abroad 10 be recut here and
| returned. few years ago tbis wouid nave Deeh
| deemed impossible and absurd"
| MIR HIPS agents also report that the su gar re-
fueres m this city have been reduced IN number
from ten in 1870 to i've III lssO Is claimed tha1
tins Is mainly due 10 removals To Jersey CIV anu
| TO Long Island. where large reineres nave pteh
| but The CHIEF cause OF the removals Is tile dlt'
Guilty which exists IN tins city IN getting permanent
situations the water front aud the policy whlch
IA pursued by the municipal authorities IN relation
thereto The total product OF the ten rehneries emu
meratrd in 1870 was $50, Io4333 whe tha, & OF @ cue
| N rafin
| The number of persons then emDloyed was l,OZl'
! and the wages amounted to $711.GOO. The num-
| her of empoyes now engaged Is 45l. and the wages
Maid amount to 253 400. lt IN found that IN refer
| ence 10 Kings County. where IN 1870 there was a
| product of only SIG 7O6,s5l, distributed among
seven concerns the decrease IN New l0rk ~ not only
| fulIv accounted for. but enormous increase IL
| shown The product of both cities. which IN 1870
aggregated $42,50l 900, now reaches nearly
Wien asked if he had found much difficulty from
refnsals TO answer inquiries. Mr.. Hill said that only
| a few persons had been founu who failed TO under
| stand the purpose of the work.
| 'What course do you take II the REFUSAL Is aD-
! solutef" -e.r..
corded in our black list and they are to be turned
ovcr o The law officers of tine Government for trial
f, and punishment III the courts whenever tue pres,
sure of business nDOn our force Is so far diminished
| a. IN warrant their beng taken oil 10 testify.
| Mr. Hill said that the returns. compared with
those OF 1870 are largely IN excess IN every IN
stance except, possibly. IN those Industries wnlc
danepd on sbippf~g. large clothing firm, feeling
| disincnned 20 give the information sought for by
| MIR Hills agent. consulted Judge OF the city on
| fine subject The decision was as follows The
low il lust as obligatory upon you 10 answer the ln-
terroustOres in the ncosed blank as II Is obligatory
for YOU tu give full particulars of yourself and each
| member of your family when tho enroiip4 ohiceis
| called for that purpose. :, , ,
| the general work IA now closed in the First Third
| Twelfth Twenty second. Twenty third and Iwen
tyfourth Wards bgt the footings have not yet been
made.