davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
TILE EYODES

Reasonable people mostly agree that the
Southern exodus is a deplOrable movement,
which could not have started if the negroes had
not been suffering great hardships, and cannot
be long continued without involving them in
other great hardships, and also causing con-
siderable distress in the States they leave be-
hind The balance between the supply of la
bor and the demand for it, in the Mississippi
Valley, is so nearly adjusted that there cannot
be great emigration of the working popula-
ton from one State to another without serious
arrangement of industry and much individual
suffering. The first bands seem to have found
food and shelter without difficulty; but the
maximum of unskiled labor which communi
ties like those of Kansas and Indiana are able
to absorb is soon reached; and then comes the
misery.
1t is quite beside the mark, therefore, for
the Committee of Congress to inquire whether
the exodus is judicOus, or whether the negro
leaders who busted themselves in promoting it
were guilty of making false representations to
their people. The real question is whether the
condition of the colored laborers In the
South is so bad that they are ready
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14

to move away at the bidding of igno-
rant deluders. The negro has strong
local attachments. He has clung TO his old
home, in spite of poverty and bad usage.
| The Southern climate suits him and the
Southern way of life. He has been at lib
erty for fifteen years, and in all that time has
shown no desire to come North. But now,
by sudden impulse, thousands of the freed
men take their packs on their shoulders, aban-
don their cabins, and march off into strange
country. To ascribe general and organized
movement like this 10 the persuasions OF TWO
or three railroad agents, or the schemes OF an
odd politician or so in Indiana is an absurd
miscalculati0n of the relations OF cause ana
effect The promise of work and wages az the
North would not have tempted these poor peo-
ple to remove if they could have collected
their wages at home. Work enough the South
has always been ready to give them; their
trouble seems to have been that they could
not get pay. They were not represented III
the law-maling power they did not believe
that they were fairly treated III the courts
they titled the white mans fields under op-
pressive and unjust contracts, and at the end
OF the year bad nothing to show for their labor
except an account at " the store" where
they were charged exOrbtant prices tor
all the necessaries of life. 1t was because
their condition seemed to them only hope
less slavery that they were so ready to listen
10 stories of fair opening for industry IN
other States.
As for the tale of plot to import negro
voters into Indiana, it will be enough toremind
Mr. VOORHEES, and his friends at Washington
that if the liberty to vote il any inducement
for the colored men to emigrate, that can only
be because they are not allowed to vote at
home For three years past the right of suffrage
has been practically denied black men III
almost every Southern State. There Is no
secret about it, The Democracy cordially
approve of the suppression of "nigger voters y;
and in South Carolina they have just matured
a plan with which their friends at the North
seem to be delighted for cutting out the
dangerous element" in the body OF electors
by the unconstitutional adoption of cOnStiT''-
tiOnal amendment. While the emigration con
tinues there is no doubt that many individuals
and many communities will secure from it
whatever selfish advantage they can. Ticket
agents will try TO divert il to the railrOads'in
which they are interested, and politicians IN
some places will calculate its possible effect
upon their party. But the influences which
may guide the direction of the movement must
not be confOunded with the causes in which 1t
originates If Southern Congressman wish To
stop the exodus let them apply the remedy at
home
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
REASONS FOR 4 STRONG GOVERNnENT.


"a strong Government is wanted. No
wonder As long as the Government OF the
United States is too weak to protect its cltl-
zens, either against foreign injustice or against
domestic violence, it IL not strange that this
demand is heard. But the Democratic party
thinks it the objectionable sin to desire a
strong Government. This, again, is not
strange The last great venture of the Dem
ocratic party was undertaken in the full belief
tbas a weak and half-traitOrOus Government
under Mr. Buchanan would not attempt to
suppress rebellion. 1t was painful surprise,
TO rebeliOus Democrats, when the Govern
mept of the kindly and genial and patient
Lincoln proved to be one OF the strongest the
world had ever seen. No doubt. another Gov
ernment like that of Buchanan, the last Dem
ocratic President, would give great pleasure to
the Democrats. But the Republicans want
something else, and have the pluck to say so.
1t does not particularly alarm them, either, if
their utterances are construed as proof of
leaning to ward Imperialism. They have full
consciousness of the patriotism OF their pur
noses. They neither want nor would tolerate
Caesar. 1t does not enter their thoughts
that Cesarism is possible in this country.
There was a time when the possible attempt
to perpetuate power by use of Official patron
age seemed to them dangerous to the country,
not because there was chance of its success,
but because grave consequences might be is-
voIved IN that resistless uprising OF the people
which the apparent success OF such an attempt
might cause. But the day has gone by, and
the occasion. Imperialism is dreaded by
children, as ghosts, visions of the night and
bad dreams are dreaded. The country sleeps
in peace, and knows full well that its liberties
are not going to be stolen from it by any in
dividual or clique. Indeed, the country does not
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
GENERAL NOTES.

A cynical Southerner living in Atlanta has
purchased Confederate currency amounting to over
81 OOO0 600 which he will circulars printing bis
advertisement on the back OF each BILL He thuks thai
many millions OF this currency are sin existence. aud
that there many who boarding II carefully ex'
pecting some day TO see IL worth 100 cents 70 tue
dollar
Two hot-headed students of Kenyon College,
OHIO, having had misunderstanding, agreed to settle
t in the real old Kentucky style" Pistols ana coffee
we're ordered services OF surgeon secured aud the
sanguuary youths started TO the point OF meetngs bni
the faculty heard Of the affair." and boodshed Was pre-
vented The Grand Jury meets next Monday, and the
case Will probably come up for investigation
n. b. Webster, of Norfolk, Va, writes Ia
THE TRIBUNE: There will not be dve Sundays again
In February for forty years, VIZ, In 1920; and sucn
recurrence only happen three times IN the twentieth
century There Will be five Mondays In February IN lsvz
1904 1892 1860 and 1888. and also five Saturdays 10
February in 1908 1886 1864 and 1902 The reason OF
these apparent anomalies s that the 1900 VIII mol
bc leap year. saturday will be New Years Dav IN iSaA
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
THE NEWS THIS MORNING.

PoRFrGx.-Francc has asked England to bring
forward the new plan for the settlement of the
Greek claim. - General Grant has sailed from
Havana for Mexico. - Mr.. Wheelhouse Con
ssryatiye Leeds) spoke ia the British Parliament
Yesterday of American competition. 60 The Span
ish Government has refused to receive a petition
sent by the MoOrs asking it to assume control OF
the country. - Count Won Arnim- Boytzenburg
has been elected President of the German Reich
stag.
DoMrsTIc.-The House Committee on Commerce
has decided upon bill for the regulation of
interstate commerce. - Leading Republicans
from all parts of Pennsylvania express in The lRIB-
UsE their upon the subject OF the Presidency
- The ice gathering the Hudson has been
stopped, aud freshet Is feared. - A codifcatiOu
Of the Poor Laws of New-YOrk State was
reported to the Assembly yesterday. -
In Nashville, Tenn. Tornado has caused
great damage - Tho New England Alumni of
Yale met at Boston yesterday the Bowdoin College
Alumni held their annual meeting at Bangor, Me.
- The Troy, n. Y delegates are unanimous for
Grant.
CoxGREss-The Senate did not meet yesterday.
The House held an unimportant session au addi
tionai Indian appropriation was passed call was
made Oh the Secretary of the Navy for information
I'm regard TO the Interoceanc Canal the House re-
fused to consider the Porter case. and went int
Committee Of the Whole on the private calendar .
Cry AND SuBURBAN.-Controllcr Kelly met with
n serious accident - Mr. MacLean protested
against the recognition of Mr. Nichols as Police
Commissioner. =- Mrs Meierhoeffer and Franz
Ismmens were found guilty of murder II
TIE first degree. 80 Henry f. RobInson's viii
contained several public bequests. - Mr.. ~anC
Mrs. Cowley testified. "A Produce Exchange
committee complained of the new telegraph code
rules. 60 Kings County Republicans are settling
their differences. - Robert Livingston Pell died
- Gold value of the legal-tender silver dollar
i412i2 gralnsl s7.73 cents Stocks opened active
and higher. but later irregular closing un-
settled
THy WEATHER .-TRTeUNx local observations in
dieate cloudy weather, with light rains. followed
by colder and clearing weather. Thermometer
yesterday: Highest. 56'; lowest 470' average
50s.o
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
1n0ex 10 ADVERTISEMENTS.

AMpsEMFNTs- Sd P00P- Ctr eOiuifn
BAIIS-:Sd Pd0s-6th column.
BAYkING AND FISAECIAL-7h Poge-lst column. -
BANKING HOUSES AND BASEERs-7h Page-o'h co'"""'
BoARD ANp RaONs-3d YoDe-5th eoiuan
BEsJSgss CHANCRs-7M Page 6th coinmh
EESIxFss NOTICFs-4M Id0e-lst coirmh
Cora sTS EHsHIP NOTfCEs-7W Pnqe-OIh coiuhi"'
DANCING Academic PQQe-3d eOuihh
IlIvfpEND NOTICFs-7n Pdgs-Gth column.
DnRss NAHfSG-3d Pnge-Gth column.
ELECTION NOTiCEs7H Pdgs-6th csiulnn.
IURoPEAN ADyERTIsEMENrs-2d Fdqe-Oih coluhh'
FIHAHcIA-7h Page 4th and 5th columns
GRATIS AND FENDERs-3d Pnde-bth eoluihh'
HEIP WArTPu-:2d PdOe-Gth coiumn-
HOTELS sd Pdge-5th column
ICE CRRAM--.}d P1ge-6th column
IssTrr rcTIoS- 6fh PaGs-3d column.
LAW sCHOOLs-6M Pd0e-3d coiuDn
LEGAL NOTICEs-7fh P0ge-Oth column
IOsT AND FOUND-2d Page-6th coufnn
Marriages AND DEArHs-5m Pdqr- 6th coihiah' -,
MISCELLANEOUS IN Page-6th column sm P0ee-o"n
and 9th columns. 90, -,-..
NEW FuBIIc aTIoss 6h P0gs-lst. I'd and Sd columns
PRoPssALs-2d Pdse-6th column.
sKFAI FeTATK-3d POOe--1st and "a Columns
RELIGIOUS NOTICES Sd Paoe-s2d and 81 columns
sALFs ny AUcTiO,.-7H Pdg6 9Th column.
SlTUaIIoNy WA>TsI,-MAiEs-3d P0ge-Jth cOlumh'
FFxALFs- Sd Page-5th cOmmn.
SPECIAL NOTICES Jth PdGe 6th csiunh ,.,
STEAMBOATS, AND RAILRo tDS 81 fage-3u anu f'n
columns.
sTEAnYRs- ooE .N- Sd Pase-3d column.
1FICEERs- 6n P0Of-3d "oiunn
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
NEJy PHASES or ENGLISH DISC USHOY

NEH PHASES or ENGLISH SCUSSION
The languid interest manifested in the open
ing proceed ings and first division of Parlia-
ment serves to illustrate a tendency of English
public life to disparage oratory and debate.
The newspapers continue to report the discus
sions of Parliament in detail. but the great
mass of readers never go behind the summa-
res which are now provided, and every year in
terest in the debates seems to drag more and
more. OF the great orator of the last century
it has been said, that after filling the House
session after session with his eloquence he
succeeded at last in emptying it by persist
ence in the mOnotOnous splendors OF his
speeches. Uniform dulness has been as effec
tive in this generation continuous brlliance
was In Edmund Burke's day.
|. Since the translation of Lord Beaconsfield
and Lord Cranbrook to the Peers, Sir
Stafford Northcote has had to meet single
handed in the House of Commons the onset of
such orators as Mr.. Gladstone and John
Bright, and such masters of debate as Mr..
Forster, Sir William Harcourt. Mr.. Chamber
lain and Sir Charles Dixie. The Conservatives
have been 0ut-debated from first to last, yet
their ascendancy in the House has remained
unbroken. The Liberals have only beaten the
air. Their speeches were fumbled with rather
than answered, but the majority was unmoved,
and never failed to register the decisions of
tbe Ministry. When their Oratory and
controversial skill were certain to 20
for nothing, the few men in Para-
ment who could train themselves to
discuss public affairs effectively exhausted
themselves halfway. They had no foemen
worthy of their steel, and when the one-slded
debate was closed and division was called
for, the customary majority was worked of as
if by machinery. AS natural consequence
public interest in the debates has steadily
diminished.
1t is a singular fact that, although six pro-
tracted sessions of the present Parliament
have been held, no new orator has appeared,
and only one member. Sir William HarcOurt,
has improved his reputation AT the same time
scores of new writers have discussed public
affairs in the magazines and reviews
with discernment and thOroTthness. Period
ical literature has furnished evidence of the
ceaseess activity which pervades and informs
public life in England. This fact goes long
way to explain the decadence OF Parliamentary
debates. Westminster is sacrificed to Fleet
ST.: Members of Parliament keep themselves
before the country and strive to influence
public opinion by means of their contributions
to the reviews and letters to the daily jour
nails and the rising men, who are hoping to
work their way into public life, are following
the same path. The speeches made out of
Parliament are more effective than those
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14

Tllden caused in our State" No one will be surprised
to learn that the solitary Reform disciple Is Perry
H. Smith, otherwise known as Peruse Soeinian ana
Peri. One OF the victims Of the wreck who is A
member Of the Democratic State Committee. has
written To an Illinois Congressman o. follows: "As
TO liiden we mad as wen go a-hsing II he is nomi-
mated; We don't want 30 try that lswsnit in every
schooi-house IN campaign for IilieD. and es-
pecially on demurrer. insist that he shall bleed
If we nominate him" His ability to bleed 7'is
pretty snre TO nominate him, and let us hope this
unhappy brother will be s0laced with sOUe Of tho
outflow
The State of Maine is to be congratulated Pills
bury. the originator of the late unsuccessful burg
larry, has decided to take up his abode in Boston, TO
practice his profession" Every holder Of a burglar
alarm patent with an eye 20 business will llood
Boston with agents Immediately
boom which hasn't the popular will in IT isn't
worth much.
Yice-PreSldcnt Wheeler would be promsIng
dark horse this year If he wasn't Vice President.
A Democratic report was sent from WASHINGTON
last week that there was bitter quarrel between
the President and Secretary Eyar;s. The absurdity
having been promptly cODtradcted. the Democratic
Editor Of The Cincinnati Enquirer gets even by say
ing: Many people think tho President hasn't
backbone enough 70 quarrel with anybedy" You
don't include any Democratic members OF the Extra
Session 10 your " many people, DO youf
Blaine booms are breaking forth in tue most M
expected places. Even in Illinois he has more
friends than Grant Washbume aud Sherman com
bned. The Cicago Times publishes interviews with
more than 5000 representative Republicans Of tho
state. and finds 1882 for Blaine 2,s05 for Grant.
,06i for Washburne and 23l for sherman. This
doesn't forcshadow q solid Grant delegation 10 tho
National Convention. A scarcely less surprising
development comes from Columbus. Ohio. A call
for Blame meeting there on the 1881 instant Is
published. Il s prefaced with Colonel InRersolls
famous speech, nominating Blaine at Cincinnati IN
S7G. and IS signed hy.2, 900 Republicans of Column
the ablest and most skilfuI workers in the party.
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
AN IMPORTANT BOTANICAL DISCOVERY.


discovery of unusual interest in connection
with the life and growth Of plants has recently
been made by Professor Prlnzheim. Of the Berlin
Academy OF Natural Sciences. 1t completely over
turns some theories which bOtanists had supposed
to he wel-estabished By means OF new processes
Determination, TO which he gives the name OF MI
Observation-Disclosures" Professor Prinzheim
has been studying the green coloring matter IN the
leaves of plants scientifically known az
chlorophyl, and the cells IN which 1t
ia contained. These cells, has long been known,
constitute but small portion of the caf-structure,
but are scattered like islands over coorless web
like expanse Of fibres. The leaf appears all green
because our eyes too weak without the aid otthe
microscope to distinguish the separate green points
which give to the whole surface its apparent uni
form hue Science has heretofore ascribed to the
chlorophyl an intimate association with the sun
light in the work of extracting from the atmosphere
nutriment for the plant. The colored substance III
the cells was supposed TO carry on the process OF
absorbing carbonc acid gas, retaining the carbon
for the susienance Of the plant and returning the
acid 10 the air.
Now Herr Prinzheim demonstrates by series OF
highly interesting experiments that the chloro-
phyl does nothing of the sort. and that the actual
work of assimilation is performed by a sort of wax
or basam-ike stuff heretofore unknown. to which
he gives the name of hypoch orine, and which has
powerful affinity for carbOnic acid, when under the
influence Of sunlight The green cooring serves
the purpose only of screening this substance In
the cells from the too powerful inhu-
ence Of the suns rays that 1t
may do its work with moderation and regularity.
IL is in fact only paraso for the protection
of the active agent of the plant. II the intensity of
the light Is increased by optical apparatus. the
chlorphy regulator is too feeble to protect the
plant, and the process of oxydation goes on with
such fury that both chOrophyl and hypocblorne
are DESTROYED The atmosphere. the sunlight and
the mysterious coiorless balsam-like hypochlorine
are the factors the process of plant-growth. and
the green matter which science has hitherto
supposed to possess the chemical potency
of the plant is thus shown to perform
the essential but only secondary function OF
sort of balance-wheel in the machine
This discovery opens new path for botanical re-
search, and by demonstrating that plants have
regulator of vital forces corresponding 10 that pos
sessed by animals in the lungs and heart, is an adj
ditiona step in the direction of showing the unity
of all life upon the planet
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
amus,n,.n,s ans alsenmqs 90 Might.

AcApYuY OF MusIc-I;3O: chIldrcn's Carnival. i,,
RooTu's THEATRf--2 and " Hurnpty Danpt.
MI VS. TIN ATRt-2 and 8 " The Royal Miduy. p
FTyTu AVENUE rnEArRE-2 and 8 riia'eS oi hoh'
n srrpiy-s ruRATRH-2 and 8 Unknown
MsnIsoS sorARE THEATRE-2 and 6: Hazel hlrKe'
NV yoRx AaUARIUM--2 and s: CireuS.
pax TuTArRE-2 and 8: THE Weddng Mareh o.
ssS ER aycisco MINsTREIs OPERA House, ana o;
sr.Nn.Ep TuFATgE-l:3O and 8: Horrors"
TSIeN souARE THEAIRE-l45 and 3 "Thc Faise
YAIIAcx's THEArRE-1:30 and 6: "The shaughrann"
ACADEMY OF GN-ExhbitiOn. .
CETcKERrSG HALI-2:30 Lecture. p ~; concert
FgRRFRo's RoONs-St Valentines Kettodrum'
KosTER BIAL's GARpEN-Goncert
SIEIswAY HhLL-Symphony Concert
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14

heard In Westminster but, wherever they may
be delivered, they are fashioned Tor the eye
rather than for the ear. The orator cannot
help fancying how his epigrams and satire VIII
look in print, and so he comes to care less ana
less how they sound. The conclusion is PLAIN
If there is less interest manifested IN the
Parliamentary debates, there is no lack OF
exhaustive discussion of public affairs. AS
the orators disappear, publicists are taking
L.. IL
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14

The House Committee on Commerce took
important action yesterday upon the question
of regulating interstate commerce. Both the
Reagan and McLane bills were passed by,
and % bill prepared by Mr.. Henderson, OF Iiii-
nois, was adopted, with some amendments, by
a majority vote. A complete statement OF
its features, with the full teyt in all impor-
tant passages, will be found in our Washing
ton dispatches. The bill provides for the crea-
ton of a Board of Commissioners OF Inter
{" state Commerce." who are to exercise
supervision over that portion of the business
of all railroads which passes from one
State OF Territory into or through
another, or to or from foreign country.
The supervision, however, is to be limited TO
questions of commerce between the States and
the methods of operating railroads as affect
ing commerce. A railroad year Is to be pre-
scribed, and a system OF reports covering the
wear to be devised and Investigations are to
be conducted. looking to the enactment OF a
system of National legislation upon the sub
ject. This bill itself. however, attempts
to anticipate this legislation, in a
measure, and will, no doubt, provoke
abundant criticism. One Of the Sec
tons printed elsewhere is an elaborate prohi-
bition of so-called determinations between
different customers, which must inevitably
grow up as they do in ordinary trades
Another forbids the payment or receipt OF
drawbacks, rebates etc.. and inficts the same
penalty upon the receiver as upon the person
paying it, II is also directed that there shall
be an investigation of "pooling." with view
to legislation, if it be found expedient 1t is
provided that the Commissioners shall be ap-
pointed Immediately, and the House Commit
tee seems disposed to press the bill forward
RAPIDLY.
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
BRANCH OFFICES OF THE TRIBUNE.

BRANCH OFFICES OF THE TRIBUNE
NEw-YoRK-No. 23s Broadway. corner Thirty
frst-st.; No. 302 West Twenty-third-st., corner
Eishth-ave.; No. 76O ThiId-ave., corner Forty
teyenth-st; No. 30 East FOurteenth-st., corner
Union square No. 1856 Fonrth-ave. iHarlem.i
NAsHINGTON-No $40 Est
LoNDoN-Ne. 26 Bedford-st.. Strand
pAR!s-No. Rue Scribe
New-York tribune., 1880-02-14
Tilden isn't half so sick as Tammany will feel
when he Is nominated.

Tilden isn't half so sick as Tammany will feel
when he is nominated.
The Democratic panic whenever frank brother
declares that the extra session was bnnder is en-
tirely uncalled for The statement conveys no news
to anybody 1t is certainly credtable to the party
to have the public know that it does contain few
members who know bunder when they see one
"If had the whole vote to give myself should
certainly elect General Grant" Would not Mr.
Beecher be likely in such an event TO elect the
pastor of Plymouth Churchf
Another evidence of Tildens slyness appears on
the surface of things. The latest visitors to Cipher
Alley have gone away filled up with that same old
version of the Electoral dispute They are all de-
claring that Tlden was opposed to the Electoral
bill. was not consulted about 1t. and did not know
of il till it's passage had been agreed upon. They
are very eloquent on the way Thurman and Bayard
threw away the Democratic case. All tins Is told
in spite of Mr.. Hewitts public declaration that Ill
den was consulted at every step, and actually made
changes in the phraseology of the bill. 1lden has
never denied Hewitts statement; he finds it much
easier TO ignore it and go on whispering the same
old story.
Why don't the boomers who are anxious for a CO.
alition try a turnabout and make it Blaine and
Grant, That would remove the third term obeo-
ton and recognize the popular Republican demand
at the same time.
Young Mr.. Speer won't be heard from again for q
good while. Tail-holder Fernando Wood will close
in upon him.
There is a perceptible commotion among the Grant
Republicans of Missouri over discovery that the
Chicago delegation is in danger of getting away
from them. They thought 1t safe to count on
it as solid for third term, but the sudden and
alarming spread of Blaine and Sherman sentiment
has convinced them that IT. will be next TO impOs-
sible to elect even majority of delegates who will
favor Grant
There is one State in which neither the still-hunt
nor the barrel will avail anything for Tlden. The
Illinois Democrats are 80 unanimously opposed to
him that their leaders say there is only one Demo-
crat in the whole State who is in favor of him. "Al
the rest were buried in that railroad wreck which