Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1880-08-25
How to Raise Good Calves.

OF cost, freSn milk dS III lS ufaWn 10TH |
the mother is undoubtedly the best |
food for calves, as it is for all young
animals. When there is market for |
milk, however, or when it can be
proftably converted into butter and |
cheese, it is a very costly article of
diet. The milk furnished by good |
cow during season is ordinarily |
worth $50, and if it is produced near
butter or cheese factory, or conven-
lent to point where milk is shipped
to city it may sell for considerably
more. Indeed, the vendors OF milk
in all large towns consider pure, I'M
adulterated milk as entirely too ex-
pensive to be used by human beings.
They accordingly remove the cream
or dilute it with water and add some
cheap substance to give it the appear
ance of richnesss.
There is no good reason why
young cattle should be used better
than young human beings in the mat
ter of being supplied with expensive
food There is, however, the best
of reasons for furnishing them with
food that will insure rapid and con-
slant growth. Calves that are stunt
ed in the EARLY part their lives sell
dom develop into large and vigorous
animals. The best attention should
accordingly be given to their food
from tue time they are born till they
are year old. BY common consent
they should be allowed to draw the
udder of their dams for three or four
days after they are dropped. At
the end of this time they can be
taught to drink as well as at any
more advanced stage of their growth.
It may be well to allow them some
new milk for short time, but skim
med milk should be substituted for it
in the course of week. s.'e
This material is, however, lacking
in the requisite amount of fat, and
some substance should be added that
will furnish it in suitable qualities to
supply the requirements of growing
animals. The oil contained In flax
seed is the cheapest as well as the
best substitute for the oil secreted
with milk. It is not necessary to
express it beforeife eding it. The seed,
as it is beaten out, may be boiled in
water, and the mixture poured into
the SKINNED milk. Linseed cake
may be used in the place of boiled
faxseed, and if it is soaked for some
time it will require no boiling.
Ground linseed cake is preferable to
the solid cake, and in many respects
what is known as the '.new process
linseed meal is preferable to either
Most of the oil has been extracted
from it, but it is very rich in mater
al for forming bone and muscel.
Authorities differ as to the amount O
faxseed or articles producing from i
that should be fed to calves. It il
i in the opinion of many breeders bes
to commence with not more THAI
half a pound per day, and to gradull,
, increase the ration to one pound
The "new process" meal may be fe'
| more literally, as it contains compar
atively little oil, and is finely ground
so that it is easily digested. RAY
IL corn meal is not a good article o
food for young calves, as it is har
to digest. Indeed, large proper
ton Of the raw corn fed to full grow
ct cattle passes through them undigest
r ed. Dat meal, however, is excellent
e. and to realize the best effects fror
J. it's use it should be stirred in th
o. milk some time before it is fet
Quite late in the fall fine corn mes
and shorts may be fed to good &C
vantage. 81
The best fodder for calves durin
m the winter consists or aftermath, til
n hay made from fine and tender BIT
Il matured grasses, and the leaves {
4 corn. The latter should not be fe
J continuously for any great length (
time, as the sharp edges of the leave
are likely to render the mouths OF tt
Z calves sore . The use of faxsee
~ should be continued, during the WI
to ter, and the rations should be i
d creased as the winter, becomes qui
Il cold Pains should be taken to secu
ed a change of food at short intervals:
Ter as to keep the appetite good. 1
qd5 this end it is well to give an occasio
al ration of roots, potatoes, cabbag
and meal. 1t should be remembers
ied that young animals require food al
9ns drink much more frequently than o
aTe ones do, and neglect to feed the
lin ''early and otter" is one of the mo
Sc; common causes of failure in sto
nd raising.
is Calves that are drought up
Il" hand will learn to eat grass mu
EARLY than those that are allowed
and suckle. The weather process almc
iqfey invariably causes calves to lose fes
per and they generally go into whit
q 50 quarters in very poor condltlo
dial calves that have been. taught
drink at an early age will eat cons
o its cradle grass at the end of a Fl
bar weeks If they have suitable oppo
So Of tunity. They should be allowed
most pasture to themselves, for obvio
lists, reasons. The grass in it should
eipt sweet and tender. After grain
ems been cut, calves may be turned il
o. fields that have been seeded to clo7