The daily intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Territory [i.e. Wash.]) 1876-1881, 1880-09-26
rax DAILY Ixrxr.IIoEHCER -
Sunday, Sept. 20, 1880.
LIGHT AND DARKNESS.

LIGHT AND DARKNESS.
In discussing the contrary effects OF
education and ignorznce upon people
and nations, ss evidenced by their all
vsuos In population. wealth. rsno~n
and happiness. the s. r. Alta Of recent
date compares Scotland snd Portugal.
Thss two countries. it says. have been
little affected by the extrsneoas in
Husness OF war and immigration. and
srs q ssbjscts Tor comparison. though
the earlier advantages were ell Ia favor
Of Portugal. Scotland has 80. 900 square
miles north Of latitude 55e, and Porta-
eel "a, 600 south Of age; and the latter.
besides having the bettsr climate has
also The larger proportion OF fertile soil
add the better situation for foreign
com.efee. The following figures show
the population and wealth Of the two
c,unts,ss In $3.50 and 1880. - nearly -
they can DO ascsrtsiued:
sco'isnd. Portussi.
popslsiios 10 1850. 10000 $4,000
yopslsilos In issD.... 10000 100000
wealth In 1850. ...... tso.Oopoo 000.oVo
wealth In Iss0. 80. .tsss6o.0oosoo sSo0A0ooo
10 these estimates Of wealth, the
value Of the land and the cost Of clear
Ing II snd preparing il for cultivation
&c poe inaludsd. SOotlsndis gain in
ths three centuries Il ct least twelve
times greater than Portagars.
In 1850, Portugal had . great foreign
commerce. and numerous dependent
eoleciss. snd Scotland had not; nov
tbs situstion l. reversed. Then Portu-
gal occupied . respectable place in the
Literature Of Earops. sndBcotiand did
not; and NOE the situstion is reversed
in this respect also. Two centuries ago
the Scotch Government provided .
school In every parish for the sduca.
ton Of the common people. and the
Consequence Was the production, within
the last two hundred years. OF more
great inventors and authors than Spain.
Italy. Portugal aud Hungary. with So.-
600 900 Of people. have been able TO
produce in the same time. Watt. the
inventor Of tho improved steam engine,
Nielsen, the inventor Of the hot blast.
which saved half the cost Of smelling
iron; Nasnyth. the inventor Of the
steam hsmmer. which greatly reduced
the cost Of large forsings; Small. the
invsntsr Of the iron mold board. which
doubled the capacity Of the plow;
and 0sd. the inventor OF the stereo-
typs. which saved half the expense In
printing books-all those were Scotch.
mon. and they have done more to
cheaper the nsosssaries and Injuries Of
life. to multiply its comforts. to edu-
cats. refine and snnobls mankind. than
al the men Of oil the nations without
Btsta schools have done in three cen
turies. as
But these are not oil the great intel
lsotual products OF the Scotch ,educa.
tioOsl system. Adam Smith. who
founded the science Of national econo.
my; Ha,As and Robertson. two OF the
grsaasse historians; Scott, who raised
the novel 10 ito immense importance in
modem life; Broaghsm. one Of the
most learned and most brilliant OF or
ators and political philosophers. Ma
pier. the investor Of logarithms; Barns,
Brewster. NAchintosh. Carlyle. simp.
son. aud ; multitude Of other immortal
names. belong 10 Scotland. Camoeui
died In 1879. and aincs then Portugal
has moi had one great man in any do.
part1ont II iiterAsare, science. iavep.
tive industry. After the State schoo!
shsll b established In every hamlet Of
Lnsitunis, the country may sgsin 40
auiss On honorable place among n>siops
The enemy Of the State schools may
ssssgt that thoagh the Scotch are great
iavsatoes., historians. philosophers
ssisniists. posts. msrchAnts aud manu-
fsoeussrs. they are not - virsueas and
happy - The Portuguese. The sans
rsasoeing wsuld prove that the ssvagss
Of Csssssl A6isA ere msss virsasus and
1ess AAppy thaa the Portuguese. The
csowdiag and competition. the ennia-
tioa. Of display. and the stimulus oi
isxusieas living II modsrn eities. ia
the nesa snlightensd countries tend "a
$500 evils from which The igno~aa,
rssldsats Of sparssly settled rural dis
irish ass exempt: but to assert thai
eiumtion in the irss schools h injuri-
oss TO morality. 10 equivalent 10 say
ING that superstition and stupidity an
the chief safeguards Of virtue.
CALIFORNIA GRAM EXPORTS.
II wss quito On event in California
when the nrst chip loaded wheat a~sy
frmH n 4>o rv~nrs,cs, aoea Ta.