Connecticut western news., 1880-03-03
FARM AND GARDEN.
PRIZE RuTTER.

FARM AND GARDEN.
 PRIZE BUTTER.
 D. B. Ssyles. of Shoreham, Vt., whose butter took the first prize at the recent International Dairy Fair at New York, says that to make good butter it is of the first importance that the milk be good, and for this purpose he has the Jersey COWS, which he feeds with Indian meal, cornstalks, good English hay out early, red clover and Alsike clover. He sets his milk in pans twelve inches deep, and immerses them in spring water; skins every twelve hours in summer, and at the intervals of twenty -four hours ln winter. He sours his cream, and churns it at temperature of GA degrees salts it to suit the taste of his customers, sometimes using three-fourths of an ounce, and at other times an ounce, to tho pound of butter. MT. Wood, of Pomfret, Vt, said, at recent meeting of the Vermont Dairymen's Association, that he kept twelve COWS, and averaged from each COW, for year, 316 pounds of butter; that he fed per day two quarts bran and two quarts meal, in winter, with plenty of early hay. In summer he feeds two quarts of meal, and sometimes little more, to such COWS as are flush in milk. He generally allows his cows to go dry about two months. He sells his butter to one man during the summer months, his product netting him twenty cents per pound, while, during the fall, it advanced to thirty cents. For this winter he has had no returns.
 BARN CELLARS.
 Complaints are sometimes made con- cerning barns with cellars under them, that the ef1uvia from the manure passes through the floor to the cattle, iniuring their health, also to the loft above, in- I turing the hay with which it comes in contact. There is a remedy for this evil in providing, first, ventilator reaching through the floor on which the cattle stand, thence to the floor above and through the roof. The gas from the manure heaps will pass up through the ventilator. It is also necessary to provide another ventilstor alongside the first one mentioned, reaching down to the top of the stanchions where the cat tie are tied. This should be in the cen- Ire of tho building and also pass through the roof. The steam will pass through the latter conductor and prevent any condensation of moisture upon the hay. Ventilators to barns are generally ar- ranged upon o false principle, opening only through the roof, and the steam which they are intended to remove con- denses upon the hay before it reaches the ventilator. In fact the ventilator assists this condensation by reducing the temperature of the hay loft through which the steam is formed.
 PROFITABLE POTATO CULTURE.
 Report comes from North Yorkshire of a striking case of profitable potato growing on land highly fertilized Twelve acres, "too poor for crop of turnips," received, each, 10 cart-loads of farm-yard manure, cwt. superphos- phete, cwt. kanit, and 15 cwt. woolen refuse. The seeds, of the Champion variety, was placed 16 inches apart in rows four feet distant, ridges were made as large as possible during the process of cultivation for the tuber to grow in ; they took possession of every particle of soil that had been loosened in planting or earthing up, and the entire surface was soon covered. "l was curious enough" says correspondent of the English Gardeners Chronicle, "to go and see the crop plowed out, and such crop it WAS I never saw in any field before, fine even lot, not too large, and very few small potatoes among them" The result was about ten tons per acre, worth $3S each, or say $4, 600 for tho whole, of which fully one-third was clear profit. "Where can farmers find better friend than the land they cultivate, if they treat her iberally and fsirly2"
 l
 A forcible writer closes a communi. cation in the following language "l have spoken at some length of the va rious m lterials of which composts mey be made, and will only speak of one more, and that is brains. If this article be deficient in quality or in quantity, i there be not enough of the article te enrich the mind and make the boy { careful observer, Q deep and profound thinker, if he has not brains enough il his composition to give him @ love fo his profession and determination tt succeed in it, there will be no use il trying to make good, intelligent ant successful farmer of him. This ques tion mSy be settled by the following in fallible rule: If every nervous COW O. OK with which he comes in contact vii kick him at sight, or every spirited horse will bite him as he passes, the bo, may make 8 decent cobbler, carpenter lawyer, or doctor, but never farmer. /"
 DRAINAGE.
 A correspondent writes "I fint draining pays on my land, and when manure where my land is drained thu results are astonishing. Also find i will not pay me to let weeds grow Better fir to cultivate less land and kee1 it free from weeds than to have 8 grea quantity cf land tmothered with thes pests. Better for me if I can't keep crop free from weeds to let the presea crop go and exterminate the weeds Farmers do not know how much the,