davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1880-05-27
WANTED.

IyEAGRNTs FOR WEST VIRGINIA AND
Eastern counties OF Ohio, Ia sell work
in.t out. Pronounced by critics the most thrill;
Ing TALE OF border life ever written, The Lille oil
si,1on Girty. -" by Chas, Mcknight, ESQ, author
., ..ou, Western Border," &c. liberal dis
count 10 agents who WILL WORK. None other
~ .nnIS Al "A TWELFTH sTRkkT
ws5Ss Wheeling, W. Va.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1880-05-27

Trains make connection with b. 90 and G. A
2. nilroaAS All Trains run daily. SUNDAY En-.
@ytd s / MOONEY. President
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1880-05-27
DIED.

FLOTO-On Tuesday, May Is, 1850, at 5P. ",
AssIE, daughter of Chris. aud Nina floto, aged
d months.
Funeral trom the residence Of the parents, No.
10. sixteenth street. Thursday afternoon. at .
O'Clock. Interment at Peninsula cemetery.
Friends oi the family are Invited Ia attend.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1880-05-27
To the Voters Of 0hio County.

- RESPECTFULLY ANNOUNCE MYSELF A
l. candidate Cor the Democrats nomination
for sheriff Of oh.o county. si the ensuing cleo
ton A. J. SWEENEY.
mAyli
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1880-05-27
BslIairs and Southwestern R. r.

CONDENSED TINE TABLE
ON AND AFTER MARCH q, ISso TRAINS
" will arrive and depart - follows, BellAire
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
The Chickamauga road.


The people in the upper portion o.
our city, the residents OF the Chicks
mauga Valley and the Railroad demand
a new road 80 replace the old Chicka-
mauga road. They demand it and will
get the desired change because 1t is
necessary and win have to he made.
With a locomotive liable at any moment
to dash in sight, life ard limb are not
safe. The proposed route begins With a
cut off of the point of vanden's hill to
the depth of about Is feet, the removed
dirt to be pulled down and filed In the
hollow beyond the colored graveyard.
Thence along the natural bench above
the old road to Cating's. where 1t strikes
the old road again. Experienced road
makers say the proposed change will
make this one of the best roads in the
county. The business men are willing
to assist In Its building. The Railroad
1t Is said are pledged to bear large
share OF the cost. This would only be
an act of wisdom on their part
As It Is a dead moral certainty that
the old road will not DO, IL becomes a
question of location for the new road.
The route chosen is well adapted by
nature tor level, hard road. The cost
70 the county is comparatively trifling.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
There lies before Us Prospectus Of a

There lies before US prospectus Of q
truly splendid achievements typogra-
ply and book-making. t'Southern Pal
estine and Jerusalem" is the title of
Harper's new issue of Mr.. Thompson's IS
account of his 45 years. life Ia Palestine.
It forms a volume, exquisitely bound,
of 700 pages; Of which 40, or more
than two-fifths, contain really fine en-
cravings. its beauty-the fine quality
of its paper-its pictures-are, however,
It's least clsims to attention. The book
Is q complete picture of that land, so
dear to US, which is the scene Of the
Bible records. The light which II
throws on vast number Of passages Of
Scripture, Is greater than can be well
understood without looking over the
book. The confirmation 1t furnishes oi
the simple truthfulness and reality
Of the Biblical narrative makes It an in
valuable household companion in these
days when 80 much is being SAID te
shake the faith Of the rising generation
In the book of books. We would like tC
see copy Of this book In every family
where there are young persons growing
up. 1t is introduced by the Rev. W
Bowen, whose Judgment on such sub
jects is beyond question. and who's,
knowledge Of the book Il an ADEQUATE
! guarantee Of its value. did the volum'
not speak Tor itself.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Birthday.

Mrs. John G. Damron concluded to
surprise the Squire last Friday. and
prepared grand supper In commem-
oratlon OF his SD birthday, and invited
in the children and grandchildren.
They came, and with them brought
numerous, valuable presents for him.
In truth the Squire's wardrobe will
now vie with any OF the boys In town.
There were present, grand
Mary NJ. Shefer, Mr.. and Mrs. c. III.
Shafer, Mrs. Jno. Oliver, Mr.. and
Mrs. Jas. w. Gardner, Mr.. and Mrs.
J. G. Damron, Jr., Miss Mary A.
Glsssburn; grandchildren, Mary NJ,
Ed. aud Earl Shafer, Gertrude and
James d. Oliver, Helen Gardner,
Carson w. and Birdie DaDron. The
Squire was completely at himself, but
was too modest to thank the donors for
their presents, which we will do for
him. The family ia one Of the incest
and most affectionate In the city. We
Join them Ia wishing thst the esquire
may see 100 years, and that "The
children also of Machir, the son OF
Manssseh, may be brought up upon
JOseph's knees"
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Transfers OF Real Estate.

CHEsHIRE-David Lasley to I.eonldas
Clark and James l.. Smith. l acre:
$3.50. l.. d. Taylor TO Robert Gordon,
48 s9-100 acres, $500.
HuNIIHGTON-Elizab Holcomb and
Z. 7. Holcomb to Mary l.. Parker, lot
No. 67ls in Holcomb's I'd addition Ia
the village Of vinton, $3.50. Wm. N
Morris to Norman q. Woodruff, 40
acres, $3.50. Martin Clnnk TO Hiram
Niles, 80 acres, 1920.
ADpisoN-Charles Watson to Alfred
Watson, 81 26-lOO acres, 1890. William
c. Bing to the Ohio & West Virginia
Railway Co., $40 acres. $225. John H.
Bing to the Ohio & w. Va. Ry. Co.,
7-l0 acres, 5000. Barbara Ramsey TO
Francisco Switzer, lot No. is In the
village of Addison, $3.50.
MoRGAN-David Hanger to WIN. Em-
mons Hanger, So acres, 5000. George
w. Higgins and Nancy Higgins TO
James W. Erwin, quit claim, rs l-l00
acres. $50.
.PERRY-August Ahlbnrn to Lewis
Ahlborn 1872 acres, $500.
SPRINGFIELD-Stephe Fulton to Jas.
A. Martindale, quit claim interest In
80 acres, IS. James A. Martindale to
N. B. Sisson, . undivided eighths Of 80
acres, $26.
GALLIroLIs CITY--Mary Z. Morgan
to Alice Dages, the undivided half Of
90 feet 81 inches, part Of city lot 10.
$50, $1,000.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Hero They Are.

The following are the Census Enu-
merators appointed for this county.
with the exception Of the Greenfield
township man whose name we were
unable to learn: First Ward, ]. J,
Maxon Second Ward, Jno. g. Cheering
ton; Third and Fourth Wards, c. W.
Bird GallIpolis Tp., Jno. A. Morrison ;
Cheshire Tp., A. o. johnson; Cheshire
Precinct, d. NJ. Blosser; Huntington,
G. A. Ewing; Addison, C. J. Switzer ;
Harrison, J. Q. A, Martin; Springfield,
T. S. Grove; Rsccoon, Park C. Watts
Walnut, W. II. H. Mcdaniel; Green,
Ross s. Campbell; Morgan, A. Baird,
jr.; Perry, d. J. Jones; Clay, J. A,
Martindill; Guyan, I. r. Chapman and
Ohio, S. r. Bush. Mr.. Maxon informed
us that he intended resigning, Monday
evening, upon his arrival at Ports
mouth. We haven't heard of any one
being appointed In his stead.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
BUSINESS NOTICES
Champion Machine News.

We say in our advertisement that
the intelligent farmers always buy
the Champion Machine, and cannot
be humbugged into buying SPOT
metal" machines. Below we give
the names of the parties that have
bought the "Champion" this season,
up to date. With fair prospect Of
quite a number mere to come here
sfsr. J. NJ. KERR d co.
R. NJ. Rodgers, Green tp.
A. Lawless, Springfield tp.
John E. Mills,
John Ecker, Green tp.
James A. Folden, Harrison tp.
John W. Wright, Perry tp.
S. C. Hogsett, Mason Co, W. Va.
W. H. Wallis,
Gideon Brown,
C. F. Mills, Springfield tp.
Joseph Dyer, "
Vim. T. Cherrington,
John Bryan, Gsllipolis tp.
Alvin & J. W. Fulton, Addison tp.
4. J. Berry,
James W. Maddy, I"
e. Snamilch, Springfield tp.
John J. Albin, Rsccoon tp.
James Leonard, Addison tp.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

The High Sheriff sold the following
lands last week as follows:-
In the case of Sally A. Irwin ct al. vs.
Margaret Wiseman ct al. to Amos Rip
ley for 1000.
In the case of Priestley's ex'rs vs..
james W. RAIDER ct al. to G. w. Ber-
ridge for $3.50.
In the case of James K. Williams VS..
Henry W. Allison ct al. to James K.
Williams for $l33 "a.
In the case OF Mary Z. Wagner vs.
Anderson wooten to Mary Z. Wagner,
tracts l, ., 8 and for $4.s77 80; tract 4
TO Anderson Wooten for sla "a.
In the case of Charles NJ. Blosser vs..
Sylvester George to j. C. George fol
$ile.
In the case Of John Il. Clark VS.. VIM,
shpck ct ais. to John n. Clark for
a293 81.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Announcements,

Mr.. john L. GpY will be a candi-
date before the Republican County
Convention for Clerk.
Ed. JoURNAL:--I shall be candi-
date before the Republican Conven-
tion for the Office OF Clerk Of the
Courts, accepting It's decision and
supporting its nominees.
s. P. VAUGHN.
We are requested to announce the
name Of JOHN H. CARTER, of Perry
township, as candidate for Com
missioner before the Republican
County Convention.
We are requested to say that Rae.
coon will present the name of EVAN
L. EVANS, before the Republican
County Convention. as a candidate
for nomination for Commissioner.
The name Of STEPHEN WILCOX, q
substantial citizen of Huntington
township, will be presented to the
Republican County Convention for
nomination as Commissioner.
We are requested to announce
the name Of Martin Scott, Of Hun
tington township, as q candidate fol
County Commissioner before the Re
publican County Convention.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Firemen's Ban.

The Firemen will give Grand Ball,
Friday evening, June 4th, at Aleshire
Hall, TO raise funds to finish paying
for their uniforms. Admission 80
cents. Everybody is invited. Come
out once more and give the boys lift.
The extraordinary success Of oui last
ball leads Us to think that the citizens
Of this city will never desert the GAL
liant fremen.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
WOOL WANTED!
Highest Cash Prices Paid.
NO. % COURT STREET,
June 2--2t NJ. A. cox.

The ag't of the Walter A. Wood
Machine informs the public through
the JOURNAL that be had not had an
order countermanded for q w. A.
Wood Machine. True, for he pri-
rately affirms as evidence that he
had not sold a single machine. The
order countermsnded was for Viii.
liam Ansou Wood Machine, (similar
lin material by Alvin Fulton, Of Ad.
Olson township. Is this sufficient,
Brother VandenP 1t
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
q. e.. T. A.

EDITOR JoURNAL:-Piease to an.
nouce the next meeting Of the Gallis
County Teachers Association, at School
Hall, Gallipolis, o., June 18th. The
meeting will be called to order prompt.
ly at 10 a. m. Our programme Ia good
one, and We earnestly request a large
attendance Of our teachers and citizens.
PRoGRAMME.
Opening exercises.
Exercise In Mathematical Geography
Prof. A. A. Moulton, Pres. Rio
Grande College.
Discussion opened by Miss Fl. u.
MaxOu,
The Unabridged and Its Proper Use
w. H. Mitchell, Gallipolis, o.
Discussion open to all.
AFTERNOON.
Need of attention on the part Of the
People to our Schools-Supt. II. B.
Scott, Middleport, o. >
Discussion opened by Prof. y. NJ.
Davis, Rio Grande.
MUSIC.
Paper by Hon. }. J. Burns, State
School Commissioner.
JAS. l.. LAsLEY, Pres.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

The JOURNAL will be found for sale
at the Gallipolis Book Store, where
also may be found the daily Cincin-
natl Gazette and Commercial
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

j. W. Cherington, of the firm Of j.
NJ. Kerr & Co., assisted by VIM.
Cory, general agent of the Champion
Machine Co, sold on Monday, May
oath, Ave Champion Machines; among
the number one Buckeye" and one
"Wood" order were countermanded.
Pot metal will do for stoves and plow
points, but not for machinery.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Board of Equalization.

The above Board adjourned on last
Monday. having been In session five
days. Judge Logue, the Secretary OF
the Board, was allowed two extra days
: for his services. The following addi-
lions and deductions were made:
FIRST WARD.
Deduction of $3.50 from the assess
ment Of Holcomb Bros. Deduction OF
500 from the new frame dwelling be-
longing to Thos. w. Prose. An addi-
ton of $500 to new brick building be-
longing to Amelia Lantenschl@ger. An
addition of $500 to the mill property Of
r. Aleshire, as assessed and paid on In
1879. Deduction of $6l6 from the mill
propsrty OF Geo. w. Clark, from testi-
mouy of Assessor and other informs-
tion.
SECOND WARD.
Addition of $500 to assessment Of Fl.
". Gilman & Son. Addition OF $50 to
new building Of Fuller, Hutsinplller q
Co. Deduction of $500 from building
assessed to Alex. Robinson. Deduction
of $4,000 from Lawson & Bell by testi-
mony of Assessor and others. The fol-
lowing were refused the Assessor, J. L.
Guy wishing to take them before the
Board: As Receiver of Permelia +.
Chevilier and Jno. Cheyilier vs.. Jonas
Brown and others; add. 1896. Receiver
of c. C. Weibert vs.. Julia A. G. Warth,
$l6s. Receiver of w. n. Watson vs.
Sarah hoy ct al, 5000.
THIRD WARD.
Addition of $1,000 to assessment o. NJ.
II. Brown. Mistake of Assessor and
deduction of $ll5 from same in item Is.
Addition Of $3.50 to frame residence
of n. w. Gilman.
Deduction of $50 FROM 9TH item re-
turn of Jos. Hunt. $50 deducted from
two watches belonging to same, from
evidence of appraiser.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Ii you are IN need Of Stove Re-
pairs call on King L Dagss and they
viii ft you out.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

The 4th Quarterly Meeting OF the
0AliIpolis Circuit NJ. e. Church win be
held ct Rodney, june 18th.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Champion Machine Works.

The room and floor space occupied In
these works is equal to one million,
fifIy-seyen thousand, seven hundred
and twenty square feet, equal to seven
ty-twO square acres, or a room fifty
feet wide, four miles In length.
MATERIAL CONSUMED.
About fifteen thousand tons Of pig
iron; sixteen hundred tons of steel |;
five thousand tons Of wrought iron !;
three thousand tons of malleable iron !;
four million feet of lumber; one hum
dred and twenty-five tons Of painting
material; fifteen hundred tons of coke |;
eight thousand tons of coal; twenty
five hundred tons of molding sand ;
twenty thousand gross Of screws; fifty
thousand pounds of rivets; twenty
thousand pounds Of brass spring wire !;
one hundred and six tons Of paper, are
annually consumed by the champion
Interest"
In addition to the above there is, of
course, = very large amount of other
material consumed annually.
EMPLOYEES.
The "Champlon Interest" gives EN-
ployment to about twenty-five hundred
men. who devote their entire time to
the Champion cause, exclusive OF their
local agents, who number In the aggre-
gate about three thousand more. The
annual production Is about forty thous-
and machines, or two thousand car
loads, the aggregate value of which is
about five million dollars.
In the foregoing article We have en-
deavored to give correct and intelli-
gent history Of the Champion Machines,
and description of the facilities for
manufacturing same, up to the present
date (Janurry l, $780, and leave our
| readers to imagine the prospective for
themselvea, with the further remark
that Whiteley, Fassler & Kelly have
purchased, severed and graded thirty.
nine acres Of land, with the necessary
street approaches thereto,) joining the
| Springfield Southern and G. 8. & C.
Railroads, in the southeastern portion
| of this city, upon which they propose
TO erect, the present year, the largest
and most coinmodious Reaper and
Mower Factory Ia the world.
June 3lw
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Don't forget the show-of the EX-
CKLSIoR FARM GATE In front
Of ]. n. Kerr 4 Co.'S
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

On Friday last Mr.. Henson Williams
In company with his wife and daughter,
were coming to the city in two-horse
buggy oter the Chicamauga road. Just
beyond the eating residence The locomo-
tive suddenly came in sight, at which
the horses frightened and backed over
the steep bank, breaking the tongue Of
the buggy and rendering 1t quite peril
GUS for the whole party. No one was
injured, but 1t was miraculous escape.
The team was composed of his old reli-
able family mare, lS years old, and a
young horse, but the old animal was
the most furious of the two. Mr.. w.
lives elk miles from the city, and the
railroad crosses the road eight times
within the distance.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Lovers OF Mackerei will find
something choice in ths-Deep ses-
at Bowie. Pitrat 4 CO.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03
Births and Deaths.

Here are the births and deaths In
Gsllia county tor the year ending April
!, 1880:
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

On the 18th day of May. 1850, In the
city of Chicago. that immortal patriot
Abraham Lincoln was declared by the
National Republican Convention the
foremost gentleman of the giant Re-
public. and wise heads bestowed upon
him the nomination for the Presidency.
Gallia County was then in the old
Tenth District. The Hon. Milton Clark
of Chillicothe was the chosen represen-
tstive Of the District In that celebrated
convention, and James Harper Of this
city, the alternate. Success followed
the action of the Convention, and the
Democratic party, reeking with corrup-
ton, was swept from power. To-day
"wednesday the Republicans, the true
friends of correct Government and the
people, again meet In National Conven-
ton in the same city, to perform sim
liar service. The same principles, the
same spirit, the same motives, actuate
the Republicans Of to-day which
governed them twenty years ago, and
the same success will follow the noble
action of the Convention.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

The vOltaic Belt Co., Marshall,
Mich.
Will send their celebrated Electro
Voltaic Belts to the afflicted upon
80 days trial. Speedy cures guaran-
teed. They mean what they say.
Write to them without delay.
Noy. 20, 1879-1y
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Wises' Cradles at Mack's, The only
place in town.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Liver Pills contain arsenic: " BLACK
0MAy0nT" hsharmless as tea or cofiee.
For sale By KERR BROS.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

We have secured the privilege Of
selling the photos OF Julia A. Hunt.
FENNER'S GALLEY.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Very best Perfumery-any guam
tity you wsnt-brng your jug TO C.
II. FtIIxoaE 4 Goa
Mar Adm
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Aksl package Of "BlAcK-DRAueHT"
free Of charge at
For sale by kerr BROS.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1880-06-03

Mrs. S. A. Nash is on on two weeks
visit to relatives In Virginia.
The late Grand Jury waa body of
Intelligent, prudent men. They threw
out the petty prosecutions, thereby
saving great and needless expense 70
the county. They followed the charge
of the court CLOSELY.
Another man was drowned of of
Jno. Robinson's show boat, at Msta-
moras.
Capt. J. w. Dale is doing good busi-
ness with his bed springs In Middle
port and Pomeroy.
Ex-Inspector NJ. X. Rodgers has re-
turned from the South and located at
his old home at PIT. Pleasant.
The Ohio q West Virginia r. r. will
be 7s miles In length. From Logan to
Macarthur % miles. Macarthur to CALI.
polls IS miles and thence to Pemeroy Is
miles.
| This is the locust year.
| While the Delegates at. Chicago are
wrsngiing for their respective candi.
dates, we must not forget that new
Sherman man has arrived In Greer
i township. He belongs to C. H. Nc
Cormick and weighs nine pounds.
u Mr.. Ed. Hepler has gone to the cit,
!, on business.
i Mr.. J. J. Maxon has gone down t
test his optics before the U. 8. Sur
J geons.
: Mr.. Harry Frank has gone to the cit!
on business.
4 Mr. W. s. Hanson took 10 hssd Q
s, stock to the city With him thls week.
Mrs. wss. Miles is visiting her fethe
Nr, W. H McCermick.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1880-10-04
Nathan T., Woodbury..

Hon. Nathan L. Woodbury. died very sud-
denly of heart disease Saturday morning, at
his residence, No. 1872 Congress street. He
was apparently in his usual health that morn.
ing, and drove to his houses on Paris street
for the purpose of collecting rents. While
there he complained of pain in his left
side and took a remedy therefor which appar-
emily relieved him. He went home but had a
recurrence of the pain and his daughter, Mrs.
Oaksmith, called gentleman in to help get
Mr.. Woodbury. OH the bed. AS soon as the
gentleman saw her father he pronounced him
dead.
Mr.. Woodbury. was born in Sutton, Mass,
January 3, 1898. He was in early life lum-
Der contractor for the government in Canada
and resided near Montreal. He then moved
to Minot, Maine, and was trader there
From Minot he went to Westbrook, and in
1916 made Portland his residence. He was at
one time in the hardware business in the firm
of d. D. Chase & Co., afterwards Chase
Woodbury. & Co.
Mr.. Woodbury. was a Democrat and had
filled several official positions. He was post
master or Mnot, Representative and Senator
in the State Legislature from the same town
He was sheriff of this county in 1874, and
postmaster of Portland under Polk from 1916
to 1S49, and under iierce from 1858 to 1857.
He was also at one time President of the Yorl
& Cumberland railroad. He leaves two sons
and two daughters, L. Augustus Woodbury. O
Island Pond, VT, Mrs. Fannie w. Oaksmith
and Mr.. George W. Woodbury. of Portland
and Mrs. George II. Burgess Of New Haven
Conn. His Oldest laughter, Miss A. Amelia
Woodbury., died some time since
The funeral will occur, this afternoon at two
O'Clock. The Aged Brotherhood are invited
to attend