The Dallas daily herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1887, 1880-08-17

In dividing the population of each state by
the quota of representation, it frequently
happens that there is fractional remainder
thus Maine is entitled to three representa-
tives and has u surplus of 1926. The
practice has been to discard these fractions of
unit divisor except that when the full num-
Der of representatives is not made up one
additional member each is allowed to so
many states with large fractions as may be
necessary to supply the difference. Adher-
ing to this practice of fractional adjustment,
the following states are in the above table
given one member each more than they
would be entitled to under rejection of all
fractions: Arkansas, Maine, West Virginia,
Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, Michigan,
Connecticut, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska,
Mississippi, New Jersey, Massachusetts,
Rhode Island, Florida, Maryland, Louisiana
and Kentucky. This filling up the number,
the following states, with smaller fractions,
will not De entitled to an additional repre-
sentative under the rule: Indiana, North
Carolina, Missouri, Tennessee, Georgia, Cal
lornia, Colorado, Kansas, Illinois, New
Hampshire, New York, Alabama and Yer.
mont.
Tho losses and gains are pretty well dis.
trbuted, but the greatest gains are made in
the south and northwest, and the greatest
losses in the east Alabama, Indiana, Maine,
New Hampshire, Ohio, ? nnsylvania, Ten
nessee and Vermont lose one each and New
York loses two. On the other hand, Texas
gains four, Kansas three, Minnesota two,
Nebraska two, and California, Kentucky,
Michigan, Missouri, Virginia and West Vir.
ginia each one. On this showing the net gain
in what are commonly called the southern
states is five representatives., and the gains in
the northwest being pulled down by the
losses in the east, the net gain of the north is
only two. This evidence of the growth of
the south is indeed second only to the phe-
nominal growth of the northwest as curios-
ity of the census, and 10 many will be unex-
pected, yet reflection will easily account for |
it. First Of all, it is notorious that the |
true population of the southern states was
not given in 1870. The enumeration was
contded to most incompetent hands. Super
intendent Walker is quoted as saying that |
fraud stalked over the land in the taking of |
the ninth census, and the south was certainly |
its chosen stamping ground. The enumera- |
tors were often men of bad character and |
oftener too illiterate TO do more than write |
their own names. This time there has been |
more care in the selection of enumsrators |
and consequently greater thoroughness in |
the work. There has been, however, great |
increase in these ten years by inter-s ate ard |
foreign emigration to the south. Texas in |
particular has benefited by immigration. |
The profits of stockraising, which has be- |
come great industry, have tempted thou |
sands to 60 to that state and take their |
money with them, and this has caused de. |
mand for merchants and mechanics which |
the north has freely supplied. There has
been an increase also from the extention of |
railway lines and the development of new |
fields of labor in uncovering her mineral re-
sources. Arkansas has profted in the same |
only to less extent than Texas. Good gov |
eminent, careful regard of the states credit |
and cheap lands have made the waste places |
of Georgia glad and peopled her cities more |
thickly. Florida has had great influx |
ofhealth seekers who became permanent resi- |
dents, and the success of these in fruit grow |
ing has brought thousands in their train. |
Northern capital has unlocked the minAs of |
Virginia and northern men are working |
them, while parts of the state have been co.,
onized by Englishmen in large numbers, and |
northern and foreign skilled labor has found
employment in the factories of Richmond,
Lynchburg and Danville. Tennessee and
North Carolina lands have been cleared and
titled by colonies sent out by societies in Old
and New England. West Virginia has been
overrun by Ohioans and Pennsylvanisns, and
railroads have explored the fastness of her
mountains and exposed the treasures of iron
and coal, to which people from distant states
and countries have ,flocked without waiting
for a second call. South Carolina and
Louisiana, while behind in the race, have
made some Roadway since the downfall of
the carpet-baggers; white labor has more
than tiken the place of colored fugitives in
Mississippi, and northern Alabams has fallen
into the hands of iron masters and their EN-.
ployes.