New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-11-22
White Eagle, Black Cow. Standing Buffalo and Walk
THE FU7URE or TIE SoUrR.
WHAT THE REPUBLICAN PARTY SHOULD Dc

| CilatlOD. "A policy oil concession. t1 cOIH-
promise, of Cancellation, will no longer DE even
tolerated IN the Republican party. Thecanvass has
been conducted upon the ground occupied by me
earnest men of the party. aud the success OF the
party is Gue in the largest degree to the presence
and active lailors of General Grant. Senator Conk-
ling and their friends aud supporters. Our policy
toward the South III It's present political altitude
must be determined bod, aggressive. The south
respects power, and il respects tbose who possess
| power ard exhibit courage We demand lul Tree
! vote and an honest count Upon this demand il the
| issue, and the duty resting upon the Republican
party is to extort from The Constitution every legt-
| imate power for the enforcement of tins demand
| Each House OF Congress ~ the Judge OF the cleo
ton of Its own members, and practicable and not
| unlikely sufficient remedy for the Outrages upon
| the ballot-box the South may be found III the
consistent, speedy, ana solute rejection OF claim
ants to seats whose record tainted with fraud or
stained with CRIME Whenever II Is understood
that person can be admitted 10 seat IN the SEN
| ate or House unless the record Oi his election Is
| clear the character of the canvasses IN the Calf
| States will undergo a change. IL IL too much to
anticipate a free vote and honest count AT once
but new methods would he substituted for the ex-
isting ones, ard the change could not be for the
| worse Whenever ii understood in the South
that election by fraud or force Will not
| count in the government of the country. the
South will be unrepresented IN part. Democratic
districts and Democratic States Will be- represented.
and Republican States ana Republican dis rics Will
be unrepresented. Thus something viii be gained.
| AS recently 1865 the Democratic party de-
nounced the thirteenth and fourteenth amendments
to the Constitution az null and vold and their
recognition OF them III aer days has been only acit
nOuuced indeed, every attempt By leglalatYe ac-
ton 10 render the three amendments vital anu ell
fcctiye IN the policy of the country. From our OBJ
| poncDts nothing can be expected but. whenever
tine Republicans can command majority IN both
Houses of Congress, there ought 10 be no delay III
passing laws Tor the supeJNislOn ahd pIOIecClOn Oh
The ballots III tIc election OF mem DerS of the House
of Representatives and of Electors Of President and
NIce-P President
| Moreover the Senata must assert and exercise ITS
undOubted constitutional prerOgative OF lnquIrng
INTO the election OF legislative assemblies, whenever
| the question IS raised IN dectJlnR the rght oi
| claimant ts seat III the senate. or course, the
S.nate of the United States has no power over HE
organization of a state Legislatures bus If, upon IN
curry. II hnds that STATE Legislature Is an unlaW-
fu assembly aud to such an extent as 10 Invaidate
ITS action, tneu person Claiming seat IN the United
States Senate by ylTiue OF the vote OF such body
ought 10 De rel cctrd. In other vOrGs the claim OF
body of men IN state To be the Legislature OF thai
state does preclude Inqu ~ By he senate when
1t is called by the Constitution OF the United STATES
to decide upon the election qualification and return
| OF Its O@n mcmpers. Under the Constitution the
! right of inquiry knows no limits; and the eN-
eTcse of that right Is WITHIN the discretion OF the
| Senate.
since the war the Democratic party has shown
| bitter hostility to the army. In all British history
the army has been subj to call by The evil magls-
rate rs part of the posse cOnItatus for Tie
ervation of order aud the enforcement of the laws.
| Ims conservative power IN government Is now de-
MED to the civil magistrate BY the Democratic
party, aud for the single reason tha 10 may be usci
10 protect the ballot ana to collect the revenue on
wlnskty. itis no part OF our purpose 10 control ot
influence elections by military power, but the civil
! magistrate shOultthave the means WITHIN call of
| urOIcctIng The ballot and keeping the peace. The
| bayunet Is nOt tie best instrument for collecting
| ballots, II may not be even proper instrument;
but when tie case arises, aud tn case has arisen
| in nearly halt OF the States of the Union that the
bavouet musi Dc eIPiO en- 10 pIotvct the DallOt Oh
republic institutions must DIS ppcar theIe cught
10 De hesitancv IN uslng h bayCnct 20 protect
the ballot With the ballot Tree we can control the
bayOuot, but when tie ballot Is suppressed tue bay
Onet Is supreme.
| But there remains a constitutional power
If
nature and faculties nave not received
full and final judicial interpret aUon, but
pos er adequate, beyond queSIon, 10 any and every
| assault than may b" made upon republican govern
ment in TIE several Stateg,,
is provided that the United States shall guarantee
| to every state in thIs Union republican form
government and shall protect each OF them from
| INVASION" Ths guarantee 90 the States OF repub-
can form Of government coupled with the highest
pledge that can lie maze by one body-pUlitlc 10
| other rejection against INVASION The two
! pledges considered together are guarantee OF the
existence OF he State, and OF It's existence a
| public. lie Supreme Court has given an opinion
that the guarantee IS 10 he nhab tauts of the re-
spe Sta O.. ani NOT to the governments the
| Sta'es Ia considering the varyn- meanings OF the
| word State IN our CONSTITUTE on, the Court say
There are Instances IN which the principal sense OF
the word seems 10 be tiat primary on" 10 which
have adverted. OF pc pie OF political community
distinguished from government. In tins latter
tbp word seems to De used IN the clause winch pro-
vides that the United States shall guarantee 10
every state III the Union republican form OF GOV
ernment and shall protect each of them against in
vas on. In TINS clause PLAIN distinction Is made
betwerna ; ate and The government Of a State"
Texas AIT. White. Wallace 7ZLI
Nien consider the nature Of this obligation,
It's place in the ConstltuUOu and ITS necessity as a
means of protecting the Union itself from under
mining and destroying processes, we can entertain
only contempt Tor the doctrine that when the sys-
TEN State j. republican there can be further
inquiry by the Unit ii states, and that the
National Government must remain q
silent spectator of the total subverslon of
the system In practice. If this be so,
20 F,.r hoG of
> ale 10 retain "a republican form of government,
aud then proceed To rob the people OF every right
appertaining 10 republican, system. And further,
II this be sO then the guarantee Is 10 the authorities
OF the State and not 10 the people. The guarantee
OF "A republican form or system of government IS
nothing to he people living under the system, I'M
less the administration of il is republican also.
lndee the guarantee OF a republican form
been seized by usurpers; and the people de-
pnyed alike of the nghs and of the prot cciOn which
n republican government is designed 10 Sc
cure, makes the guarantee itself the shield of the
OppressOr and the menace OF the downtroddeD.
The guarantee Is, then not of the form only but of
the substance, the thing itself, as WELL The repub-
hcan govern ment guaranteed Is a government eX-
Isting and operating harmony with the American
idea forth in Constitutions, both State and
National, or acceple ed universally and by many sue
cessive generations.
Some of the essential features Of republican form
of government these: |. All just powers are
derived from the consent of the governed. 2. The
of those powers Is bV representative men
selected by the people, either directly by eection
indirectly by appointment. 3. The recOg
milton III The Constitution of the existence of body
of men entitled TO the elective franchise. 4. Eli
Gent means for the general aud equal enjoyment of
the right by all OF the class recognized. 3. Obe
dlence to the Will of the majority when, agreeaby |
to the COnStltu tiOn that Will mas been ascertaned
The Congress- including the President, IL the |
United States for tho purpose of making good the |
guarantee contained IN the Constitution ana when
In any state the essential qualities of republican
government are wanting, or the people are gen |
orally and Systematically deprived OF those rights
publican system, and when all nilder |
means have failed TO remedy the evils |
il then becomes duty to assert |
tie power Of the United States under the clause of
the Constitution quoted, and. by such may
be adequate secure to the people republican gov
ernment as II practical, existing fact.