davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National Republican., 1880-11-23

THE London journals continue their commendo
tions Of the improved method recently devised
for startin cars and assisting the driver to brake
up. This plan, which differs from others brought
forward for similar purpose, consists Of system
OF coiled springs levers aud gearing, placed at the
end of each car under the framing, the springs be-
ing connected, BY means of cross-heqd and chain
with loose drum and clutch gearing working
on the axle on which the car wheels are fixed.
When the signal is given to the driver to stop the
car he releases a lever which throwsa fixed clutch
into gearing with the loose drum, TO which the
chain is attached the drum then revolves with
the axe Of the car aud winds up the chain, thus
causing retardlng force to be exerted on the
wheels by reason Of the springs becoming COM
pressed. on receiving the.signal to go on the
driver releases the clutch from the drum. and the
springs, having thus free play, unwind the chain
from OF the drum; in so doing the drum, and with
1t the axle Of the car is rcvolved In forward
direction, which gives an impetus to the car.
This contrvauce would be godsend to the street
car horses Of Washington II is the peculiar plea
sure Of some people to insist on stopping an Ave
nue. car just as it'll starting to ascend the hill at
the treasury. The same people always pull the
strap the Tineenth-strce cars get on the curves
70 the poor horses straining to start again is
painful to a humane person.
National Republican., 1880-11-23

the schools are open seventy-seven days in each
year. The average pay per month to teachers Is
$50. The state owns only 1850 school-housesi the
others are rented at exorbitant rates from party
avorites The total sum appropriated for school
purposes is $4,000 por annum. Ninety thousand
white children and 10000 colored children Of
school age never SEQ the inside Of schoo.house
OF these 10000 white children, $4,000 belong to
parents who can neither read nor write, and who
are Indifferent whether their children have any
more knowledge than themselves.
National Republican., 1880-11-23

WE are indebted to the politcnoss of Mr..
ISAAC p MOVES OF this city for II copy of his
"Prophccy Of the Weather" After treating
this subject at considerable leugth, this
writer expresses the opinion that there is no
other more reliable process than that of tho
signal service system whereby we may fore
teII tho waather
National Republican., 1880-11-23
RNemIfEa is Wealth !

Du. H.. L. WEsTs NERVE ASD BRAIN TREATMENT;
q specific for liysteriu Dizziness, tOnvulsions, Ner
yOus Headache, Mental Depression Loss Of Memors,
SpermRtorrhUil, lmpOtcncy, IlNOlunihry Emsslous.
Promnture Old Age caused by oyereNellion self
cay aud death. one box VII cure recent cases, Each
box contains one months treatment, ono dollar n
box or six boxes for five dollars; seat by mail lre'
paid on receipt Ol price, We guarantee SIX boxes TO
cure amy case MIth each order received by Us for
six boxes accompanied win five dollars we VIII
Bpnd the purchaser our written guarantee To return
the money VI the treatment doe not elect u cure,
Guarantees issued by STOpp * CROMWELL i6J
Penusy lvana avenue. washington, u. c., Wholesale
ana relul agents OrderG by mail lwillreoelYeprOmpt
attention, uglsCoiy
National Republican., 1880-11-23

THE Augusta Chronicle says that men
of the people, like BROWN and STEPHENS
drink out of the water-pitcher,"
National Republican., 1880-11-23

MIcmGAN's senatorship m ade vacant by
the death of Senator CHANDLER, and
which is now filled by HENRY p. BALD
WIN, under gubernatorial appointment, is
not likely to go begging for candidates. The
names now mentioned in that connection
are the present incumbent, Ex-Governor
BAGLEY, Hon. OMAR d. CoNGNR, Hon.
j. A. HuBBgLL, Ex-Governor CHARLES NJ.
CRowELL and JAMES r. JOY, who will be
recollccted by those present at the Chicago
convention rs the gentlemen who placed
Senator BLAINE in nomination for presI-
dent.
National Republican., 1880-11-23

WE notice that the Rev. General Con-
WAY is still immersed in the exodus busi-
ness, and that fact inspires the hope that he
will remit the loan made TO him from the
editor of THE REPUBLICAN, C. the promise
Of speedy return when he should reach the
point where draft was waiting and long
ing for his presence. He was then in great
haste to ego west" where he proposed to
charter steamer 10 run between ST. Louis
and the lower Mississippi in the interest of
the negro exodus. We fear that the Rev.
General is afflicted with too short men,
ory and too lively an Imagination to be
very useful to the exodus or any other
cause
National Republican., 1880-11-23
THE SMlTA h EAGB MANUFACTURING co,

LOCK BO& 1905 DHl DGEPORl, CONN
Manufactures OF spccates In Light Hardware ana
Metallic GOOdB generally Government and Giant Pad
locks sewing Machine Locks, PiunO Locks organ
Locks the automatically made Giant sash Chain, su-
peTiOr to every other and very much cheaper No
special pulley required, The Smith Eggq Munulsc-
turing Co also giYes speech. attention 20 Tie IN iug
OF sstimRea Tor the cost OF The manu- iACturo OF pat
ented inventions and all he necessary tools Rnd the
manufacturing OF the same on royalty an csmnlu-
nlcaLlnns treated cOn hdentlRly 0elG. eOGln
National Republican., 1880-11-23
ANsUSEMi iiNTS.

NATfoNAL THEATRE
THANKSGIVING WEEK.
Every Evening Wednesday nud saturday Matinees
aud an Extra Matinee Thanksgiving Day,
DOyiy Cnrie's London Opera Company,
Composed Of the PRINCIPAL Members ofthe
ORIGINAL EIFrH-ANEHUE THEATRE
COMPANY,
In the MCln. Dram attic OpC IN two acts. written
cUmpoScl expressly Tor production IN the United
Sin,os, by Arthur Sullivan and " = Gilbert
author and composer Of "Pinniurc," entitled
THE rIls TIES or PiNZANCE;
Or THE SLAVE OF DUTY.
The Opera, which is produced under the personal
direction the author composer will be rendered
In G. nVnner that characterized It's successful
run in New York.
tunes an enlarged Orchestra, and u Chorus Of Forty
Trained Voices
MONDAY. Nov. ?o-LoTTA.
National Republican., 1880-11-23

TnE public debt Of Mexico amounts to
$l44, 100000.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
THE FAMINE IN BRAZIL.

Tho terrible famine prevailing 10
Ireland has so completely engaged
the attention Of our people that they
are scarcely aware of the fact that
The inhabitants Of the northern por~
ton Of Brazil, country OF great
commercial importance to the United
States, have been similarly afflicted,
owing to the protracted drouth of
the last two years. When it is con-
sidered that ihe province of Cesara
when the drouth commenced num-
bered 100000 inhabitants, and that
out of this number 100000 have
since died OF disease and starvation 4,
the appalling condition Of affair 10
Brazil may be realized. The droulh
began in the summer Of 1876 aud
continued thirty months, no rain
having fallen during the whole time,
90 that the once fertile region where
tho farms and villages prospered in
peace end plenty now presents The
appearance Of vast, blackened
desert, buru. over by fire. II is
stated that in their dire eXtreml y
the wtetcbed people we're redoc..f TO
the necessity Of eating roots, cotton
pods, the Mecuma beans, which pros
duccs dropsy, Lizards, dogs, cst''
rats. reaches, in fact any hyiog or
dead thing capable Of aG,rdirg sus
tcnance ebd in some instances they
were even goaded TO cannibalism by
tie panga Of hunger An appeal tor
succ5r has been made 70 The people
Of the United States, and Messrs
Scr;bner & Co. of New York, viii
receive and transmit to proper hands
any contributions for their relief Of
the famioe and pestilence stricken
people
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
LET US HAVE PEACE.

Unity, reconciliation and concilia-
ton should be the watchwords Of the
democratic party in the coming cam
paign Coercion will not effect the
purpose. Friends are not made by
abuse. 1t is far more pleasant for
democratic brethren to dwell togeth
err in unity, than to fight one another.
The foe, Radicalism, should be the
object of battle, and not those of he
same household. We trust wise
counsel will prevail in he meeting
of the democratic executive commits
tee and such a course mapped out
as will forever put at rest the bick :
erings aud political feuls that have
distracted the party aud embittered
friend against friend There should
be an end to all this, and why should
not steps be iDaugurated, looking to
harmony and unity Hot-heada on
both sides, we know, will antagooize
this idea, but they are unsafe lead
ers to shape the destiny, prosperity
and happiness of a people. Blessed
are the peacemakera
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
SUMMON S REELECTED.

Ir is with a good deal Of gratiiica
ton that We record the rejec'ic o.
Rev. Thomas j. Simmons, by the
Senate ss supe. visor in this, the first
census district Of Georgia Simm "a
10 the man who wrote to President
Hayes wanting the appointment,
principally to CRAFTY his anxiety to
win a victory over the corrupt sece' -
zion traitors"
Dir. FELTON, endorsed this malignant
applicant, but we were ready to eX>
cuse the Doctor until he persisted il
the endorsement after he bad learn
ed the contents of that letter. Mr..
Stephens and Ben Hill, too, in the
face of the known wishes of the pso
pie of Georgia, sought to foist the
creature upon Georgians, but Gora
don stood square up to the defenoe OF
his people, aud used his influence to
reject Simmons, which was victory
that he may be proud Of The vote
was % against Simmons to 10 for
him, Eaton and Hill being the only
Democrats who voted for him. Lat
the whapgle doodle mourn for his
frs, bern, for Simmons has gone to
meet a just fate.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

THE Southern Democracy can
pledge the Cincinnati Convention
l3S electoral votes. Why go there
and sneak in, saying "Poor puss
wants a corner 7" Hold your heads
up, and stand up for the Northern
man, or any man, that stood up for
you when the world spurned YOU
We are sick Of such stuff as playing
toady to those who cannot move a
peg without us. Stand up 10 that
convention and give your 1873 votes
TO the man that stood up for you If
you have not the msuliuess to do that
sell the votes to the highest bidder
Poet Gibson RereWe.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
TIE SIMMONS CASE

Senators Hill and Eaton gained
nothing by their advocacy Of this
man, while the former has disgusted
his friends in Georgia MT liitle by
his entire course in the atfsir SIM
mons was condemned by his own let
tiers and ut,erances, which showed
him to be southern migrate, false to
his people, and striving to keep alive
against them the hate Of the north
for that secession record which had
been tXpiated by the most disastrous
war that ever desolated any people.
No wonder that even fair minded re
publican senator's could not stomach
such a creature.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

J. Madison Wells, Of returning
board notoriety, is not overbardeued
with modesty Some years ago he
presented a little bill against the
gov eminent OF s4j0,65S for proper
ly destroyed or appropriated by the
Union army during the war. TIE
Commissioner of Claims, in their
tenth annual report, recommend an
allowance of 81 ,0S0 only. The claim
has been sent to the House Commit
tee on war claims to recommend an
appropiislien TO pay the reward
This is somelhing Of a reduction, but
it is probably mere Than the claims
ant deserves
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
General Advertisements.
PAULDING SHERIFF's SALES.

Will be sold before The court honse dopr in
the town of Dallas, Padding county, Ga
within the legal hours Of sale on the first
Tuesday in april. lS50 the following lot OF
laud No 2s3 ia the spcoDd district and third
section Of said comfy, Levied on as the prop
erty Of b. II. Adsir 10 safety a Padding Supe
rior Court iila in favor of w. Hill W Is II.
Adair Property pointed ont hyJ 0 Gartrell
plaintiff attorney
Also at tl" same Tine and place lots Of land
Nos 81 80 and south half Of lot No 333. all
in The ccnd district ard third section Of said
county. Levi on 10 satisfy a Pauding Su-
Je,iol court fila in favor of Charles Robertson
~ ". A. Rsgsda'e. Property pointed out by
plaintiff attorneys This Mach lsl, lcS0
HENRY BRASWELL. Sheriff
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
Mutual Assurance Fund,
Presbyterian
LOUISVILLE,

eahers
ddenan.G earring
Bennett Il Young Vice President John G. King Treasurer
}. f.
An Mutual Separated
Nopraiums oyup
F6a to attending
fIndsc
sar officer The
stand arinnau offered Membership
5wfssa, anordnG to q Z r. q o
5000
tconfrts he So long
IyoJE Ioaiig Al
Hlfgei R l. Dr. H.
Jas Allen Mrs SchoenihaU Mrs Nina
Iirl,D w $ n Nea,J
r. Lgg smith BE- Payne MR.
C. Mole W. l. lIank IRWIN andohe
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
Notice Bride Builders.

will let to the lowest bidder, before the
count house dool in Marietta on the 9th day
of March ppXt the contract for building a
bridge across Scopes Greek. on the ola or upper
road leading from Marietta to Roswell. Speci-
fcatour The bridge will be about 100 feet
long, divided into spans of 20 feet each The
mudsills II u and IA feet long. The cap
slls II ~ aud II feet long. Posts for bens
10 K II, braces for bents Sys Siineers
6xf2 aud ; To the span, hand rails AKA. 7, SITS
for haIdrail AKA , feet long Braces for hand
rails 3xS and , feet long. Guard plank 2xl0
/ Ioor ties 3xs and II feet long Clamps for
stringe,s 2xI2 and 3 feet long. Floor 2x6 aud
l01 set lo' = and 10 be well spiked down. -
All lint eis used to be all heart post oak,
white oak or pine, free from knots, dots. wind
shakes or other imperfectons The builder to
give bond with two good solvent securities
for the faithful performance IF his contract, and
maiuanance of said bridge as provided by law
and the Ordinary hereby reserves the right 10
reject any or all bids if nor satisfactory. This
February %, lsSO.
FL. NJ HAMMETT, Ordinary
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

ONE of the millionaires of Califor-
MIA is named Borland. He was a
poor Irish lad and up to 1852 work
ed on the Hudson for $40 per month.
In 1872, being then in California, he
made profit of 1920, 600 on $4,000
investment in mining shares. In
1874, by another lucky stroke,
S2,092.000. lie lost 81, 100000 in
a few days sh7inkage, but is still
enormously rich.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
OUR WASHINGTON LETTER


WAsHINGroN, ID. c., Mar. 20, 1880,
If the Cincinnati Convection gives
us a good candidate will be elected
That fact ia part Of the faith OF near
Iy every Democrat in Congress, sc
far as Gao learn. see no reason
why good candidate should not be
elected, and expect to see bin elect
ed and inaugurated. 1t is desirable,
therefore, that no one be chosen who
will turn the party of the people into
personal machine. Let US have, in
1850, not only candidate who will
be inaugurated. bat one who, at the
end of his term will be able To say
that he leaves the country happy
and his party united. The man 10
select is the man who will best heal
party discussions in States ike Var
giuia, Pennsylvania, and New York.
Certainty not one who i'll aggravate
it.
1.-THE Senate shall follow the House
in the matter of electing marsh IS,
the existing law will, whether con
stitutional or not, cease to be the
menace it now is to fair cleo ions
The deficiency bill was yesterday
amended in the House uniting The
number and time of employ ment of
such special deputies, aud providing
that they sh,l be imperia lY selects
ed from the several parties. It Is
believed the Senate will agree in this
and that Mr. Hayes will The de
bate of the pat few days has, on the
part of the Democrats, been abla and
discreet, aud success will BE- all The
more gratifying on that account,
The Grant boom received rather
an unexpected set back ihe other
day. The Rhode Island Republican
State Convention, having declared
for Blaine. But despite these small
States, Grant is the coming Repub
lican candidate, and his defeat is as
sured if piited against good Uoion
Democrat like Hancock Dos.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

CAPT. EADs has been paid within
less than three and quarter years
S4,325, 600 for his work on the jet
ties at the mouth of the Mssissip pi
river, and Notwithstanding the fact
that ships of the largest class can
now 60 up to New Orleans, without
delay or danger.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

The Iowa Legislature is taking
steps to submit to the people of that
State an amendment striking the
word "white" from the section Of the
constitution prescribing the qualii
cation of legislators Kansas. "the
promised land of the negroes" still
cIings 10 this word, and refuses per
emptorily in its constitution to aIlo~
a negro to become a member of the
Legislature, being in this respect
more than twelve ears behind every
Southern State.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

The Carter4vile Free Press states
that on Sunday afternoon last, James
Hammond, Yong lad Of about
seventeen years of age, stabbed a
negro named Harrison CunJu3, who
died from his wounds at about three
O'clock Monday afternoon. 1t seems
that the negra made a savage attack
on y6Surg Hammond, and the latter
was forced to kill him in selfdefense.
That is the view The Coroner's jury
took of the mater
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
NOTICE.

GEORGIA-COBB UINIl:
Notice is hereby sven that will apply oH
the list Monday in April next TO the Ordinary
Of said County for leave to sell the Ldon Plan
taton and two thousand acres Of pine land all
Joining the same in the County Of Mcintosh
said State and all the wild lands situated IN
Counties other than said Cobb County. All
said properly bling property Belonging t" rs
tate Of Darlington King, sid sale being neces-
sary for pnrpose of distribution of said estate.
CHARLES KING,
Admir- Est. Darlington King.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
crnRGIA-CoRRC COUNTY:

Whereas. Eliza Neese Administrative OF
Henry Lasit-r represents to the Court in his
petition. daily lied aud entered on record. that
lie has fully administered Henry La.iters es-
tae. This is therefore to cie all persons concern
ed kindred and creditors, il any they can, why
said Administrator should not be discharged
fl ON her administration. and receive letters OF
d4mssion on the first Monday il April next
This March 1t, l55O
IL N. HAMMETT. Ord'y.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
MARIETTA, Feb. Is, 1879.
EXECUTORS SALE.
GEORGIA Cobb County :

-Four weeks after date application Will be
made TO tie Goa.t oi Ordinary of said county
for l-ave 10 sell The real estate iu the City ct
Augusta Richmond county. belonging To the
minor children IT be applicant 10 wit Matilda
.. Amelia q Ssiie ID, X, brt f. Elizabeth
IS and Mari 5 Brown the said property be
ing an undivided uJetes - 'H Lot and Houses in
the Northwest corner at Broad -ud Campbell
streets Tbs Match 9Th. $50
JAMES W. BROWN. Guardian.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

WHocPLA President Hayes has
sent 10 the Senate the name Of DIR.
II. P. GatchelI, of Atlanta, for cen
sus supervisor of the first Georgia
district, in place of Simmons reject
ed. He will GatcheH before he gets
through with the census business.
At least Simmons did.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

II Grant should be nominated by
the Republicans, he will not be the
strong candidate some people think
He will be easier to beat by far
than Blaine, who is the most pop
ular man in the North with the ma
jority of the Republicans.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

A Cleveland man fell dead in
church, just three minutes before the
deacon was to take up a collection.
The Boston Post, which tells the
above, confidently remarks, There
are lots Of ways to save money
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

Says the Brunswick Appeal ON
Monday last, while Mrs. Thomas
DorilIion was attending to her Infant
babe, her eldest daughter attempted
to build fire 10 the stove, using
kerosene as a kinder. The eldest
daughter, together with her two
younger sisters, by the explosion Of
Ill can, were badly burned, the ED
est perhaps fatally.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

GATCHELL the new appointment
for census supervisor, is unknown to
us. but we have heard his name
many time, when he used to spell
it with a C 10 place of G..
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

GAMBLING, fast living and whis-
key worked The ruin of Sam Hoyle,
the thieviug tax collector of Fulton
county. Young men, beware! Touch
not. taste not the unclean thing.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

Mrs. Christiancy says her old hus'
band, from whom she seeks divorce,
used to knock her down occasional
ly. She also says that he sold his
seat in the Senate to Tack Chandler.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

PARsoN Simmons, how do you feel
since rejection ? Do you feel your
victory over the corrupt secession
traitors" is complete
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

SAM Hoyle, the defaulting Tax
Collector cf Fulton county, has been
arrested in San Francisco, and will
be brought back to Atlanta.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

The Raymond woman is still after
Ben Hill, with logged determine
ton to sec him Ben has to keep
spies on the out look to avoid her.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
GEORGI(-COBB COUNTY /:

Rebecca Hill having in proper form applied
fo, letters OF Administration upon the estate of
r. c. Hill deceased these are therefore to notify
all persons interested TO show caHse il any they
can why letters should not be GRANTED the ap-
plicant on the first Monday in April next
This March 1t, 1850.
II NJ HAMMETT, Ord'y.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

REV. DIR. Hall, of New York, has
had his salary raised so per cent
1t now amounts to $4,000 per an
mum,
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
ADMINISTRATORS SALE.
GEORGIA Cobb County

On the FIRST Tuesday in Nav next will be sold
before the ourt House door in the town %
Dallas, Paulding county, Ga, within the Lawful
hours ofsalp lots OF land Nos $50, 81, 356, and
the East half OF lot No 80 aud thirty acres Of
the West part of lot No. 50 all in the lst dlstr
of the 3d section OF said ,olnty sold as the prop
erty OF Edward \ Johuson deces sed for the
benefit Of the heirs and creditors of said De
ceased. Tens one half cash the other hal
PAYABLE November 1T, $50. with per cent
interes; from date OF sale, March 9th, lisa.
wv. 4 Z. Y. JOHNSON. Admir-
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

-Four weeks after date application will be
made to The Court g. Ordinary of said county
for leave to sell the .hs, Ralf Of lot Of land No
80 in the Doth di-rr and 3D. section Of said
county as the property of o. A. Parkinson de
ceased This March ID. 1890.
MARY PERKINSON, Guardian
and EX- Oflicin Admr'x
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

JAY Gould is making more money
than any man 10 America, except
w. II andcrbilt His income is
s., 600 day. Twenty years ago
he was a poor tanner ia Penn
sNlvania
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25

ben HILL made four bourS
speech to get the Senate to confirm
Simmons aud failed most signally -
Gordon spoke thirty minutes.
The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1880-03-25
STAR .CURINE.

the best remedies
vas
StsrCu
dan in
sound everap
Ihai
lanai
thou LESLIE T. NA' AA4NA'