New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-07-04

gut works, the rOtting NHtS were DdUlSHcu
These unhappy people lived TRANQUILITY enough III
this remote corner, in the midst OF bales OF nei-
chandisc. low INNS and porters OF manure toy rL
who had there their general headquarters, The
police only entered there when ARRAYS were Doody'
or occurred too often. Few quarters of Rome were
frec-polItics bad nol hing to do there. Worship
was not only practised there in ordinary, times
without obstacles. but its propagation was Also ac-
complishcd with great fatility,
Protected by the dlsdan which tEey inspired,
caring little. moreover for the raileres OF the men
of the world the Jews of the lrasteyere ied very
active religious ana social NE tu nI and cer
emOniGl of the law observed more scrupuiousIy-the
organization or the synagogue was the most com
plete known. The titles OF father ana
mother Of the synagogues were much priZed some
rich converts took biblical names; they brought
Their slaves into the church with them. they had
the Scriptures explained by the doctors built
places OF prayer. and manifested their PRIDE OF tne
consideration which they enjoyed IN tins ittle
ging with a trembling voice, 10 whisper In the ear
of The great Roman lady some words OF the law,
S GeqrH S her hand the fall mA Of
coin. To observe the Sabbath and the
jewish feasts was to Horace the trait which
classed a man i'll the crowd OF weak minds. The
universal benevoence, the happiness OF reposing
with the just, the assistance of the poor the purify
of manners the gentle accordance of death consid-
cred as a sleep, are of the sentiments which
are found III the jewish inscriptions with tnat par
tcu.ar accent of touching JUNCTION, of certain hope,
which characterizes the Christian inscriptions.
There have been many rich and powerful jews IN
the world, such as IibeIus Alexander. VINO arrived
ut the greatest h0norS or the Empire, VINO oHeiciSeu
two or three times the strongest influence upon
public affairs and even had. TO tile great grief oil
tie Romans, his statue III the Forum; but those
were not good Jews The Herods, though practls-
ing their worship at Rome with much show, were
also .aI from being sraetes even II their only
sins were their relations with the PaRans.
world of ideas was thus set ID motion on the
vulgar quay where the merchandise Of the whole
world was piled up; but all that would be lost III
great city like Paris. Undoubtedly the proud pa
trcians, who IN Their pronenades on the Ayentlne;
cast their eyes upon the other side of the Iiber did
not imagine the future that was forming itself In
that little cluster OF pOorh0uses at the foot OF jan
Near the port sort of lodging-house well
known to the people and the soldiers oil I0Oerhd
MerOria. In order to attract tie l0ungers, pre-
tended spring OF oil coming out OF rock was SHOWN
there. From a very early flme thls sprinS Oh OH
was considered by the Christians as sympolic; ~
was pretended that its appearance was colncldent
with The birth of Jesus. IL seems mat latef the
Tdberpa became a church Under Alexander Sew
crus we find the Christians and the Inn keepers III
contest over place which formerly had been pub
lie; that good Emperor gave 1t TO the CHRISTIANS
This is probably the origin OF the chulcil oi the
Santa Maria of the Irastevcre.
As a general thing NJ. Renan does not discuss
moot points; he contents himself with the d0gmatic
assertion that there is doubt of this Or that,
when in fact controversy has always run high over
il but he does reason ut some length tnat The
Apostle Peter contrary to the traditional Protest
ant teaching, taught and was cruclhed at Rome
OF the theological aspect of this dispute he says
The word ccclesid occurs only in the Gospel of ST. |
Matthew The idea of the epscopO'. as II eX stcd III
the second century, had DO place III the mlnd OF
Jesus He himself was the living ep'Scop0s during |
his brief Gaiean appearance; from Ihat Time IL Is
the Spirit wac inspires each one until lie may re-
turn In anv case If it had been possible that Jesus
Should have had any dea whatever OF the eccestd ana
episcOp0s, ii Is absolutely beyond doubt that jesus
never Thought OF giving the future ciScOpoS OF the
Civ Of Rome to be The head OF his CnGTcil-tlat !
mnous city, the centre OF all the impurities OF the
earth of whose existence he perhaps knew scarcely
anV and of which he should nave entertained !
the gloomy opinions which all the Jaws protested
ii there Is ANYTHING III the world winch was net IN
stituted by Jesus 1t is the Papacy that is 10 say
the idea mat he Church Is a monarchy. we are, |
then Perfectly at liberty to discuss the question of
Peters coming 10 Rome. TINS question IS abso- |
uelv without consequence Tor us; and from our |
solution the only result Will be To say whether Leo
XIII. is or IS not the head OF the Christian con
science. Whether Peter was or was not III IL !me, 1t
has Tor us political nor moral bearing. 1t is |
curious question OF history it Is useless to pursue
II further.
He does not believe that Peter was Rome so
early as the Catholic Church supposes but he is
satisfied that the Ap se persisted there i'll the per-
secutiou of Nero, along with ST. Paul.
The third Conference treats of Rome, the Cen.
tire OF the Formation of Ecclesiastical Authority
subject which involves some account of the dis
putes ard reconciliation between the followers of
Peter and OF Paul =
Ii the reasoning of Ttus according to Tacitus Is
correctly reported. the victorious General believed
that the destruction of the Temple wouG he the ruin
Of Christianity as well as that OF Judaism. No one
was ever more completely deceived. he Romans
imagined, that in tearing up the root, they Should
eradicate the shoot nj the same tune hut tie shoot
was already n shrub that lived its own life. If
the Temple had survived, Christianity would GER
tainly have been arrested III It's Developments The
surviving temple would nave continued to be the cen
ire of all Judalc works Ii would always nave Oeen
regarded the most holy place OF inc World: pil-
grins would have come there. and would there have
brought their tributes. The Church of Jerusalem.
grouped around by cOnsecrated parvises, wOnl have
continued by the strength or It's pTIDlicS. receive
the HOMAGE of all the world to pcrsecute the
Christians of the Church OF Paul. to exact, that in
order TO have the right call ones self the dis
clpls OF Jesus, should pIactlce the CIRCUMCISION,
and observe tie Mosaic code All eectnal proDa-
obedience signed a. Jerusalem would nave BEEN eX-
acted from the missionary. centre of lrrefragabe
authority, pltriarchaie composed oi sort OF col
lege OF cardinals under the presidency OF men ike
James pure Jews belonging TO the family OF Jesus,
would have been established and would have con
stituted immense Danger iof Tue newborn
Church. When sees ST. Pau. after so many
mishaps, remaining always attached TO M CDurch
of Jerusalem one understands what difficulties
rupture with these holy peisonages would have pre-.
scented. Such a schlSm would have been considered
as an enormity. The separation from Judaism
| would have been Impossible ana ths separation
was the indispensable condition OF tho existence OF
the new religion The mother was about to Kill the
child. The Temple. on the contrary once destroyed.
The Christians thought no moe OF ii very soon.
indeed, they will consider 1t profane place Jesus
will be- everything to them. Inc Christian Church
of Jerusalem was by the same stroke reduced 10
secondary Importance. 1t was recognized around
the element which made ITS force. the desp0syM the
members Of the family of Jesus. the OF ClODas
but it will reign no more; This centre of hate and
exclusion dest Dyed the reconciliation OF the
opposing parties In The Church of Jesus viii become
| easy Peter ana Paul will be brought into accord,
and the terrible duality of the lie wborn Christian
ty wIIl TO be mortal sore. Lost IN the depth
| of the interior of the Batan@a and the
| Hauran the little group which attached Itself TO
| James and Clopas becomes the Eblonite sect. ana
! slowly dies.
| These relatives of Jesus were pous, tranquil,
| mild modest hard-workIng men, faithful TO the
severest precepts of Jesus concerning poverty but
at the same time very exact Jews, considering the
title of Child of Israel" before every other advan
tage. From the year 70 to about 10 they really
| governed the churches beyond the jordan. and
formed a sort of Christian senate There Is no need
L .TrIfa hmm