, 1880-03-07
ANATOMY OF THE SKIN.

The skin Is membrane composed Of two lay
ers. covering the entire person. The outer layer
ts the scarf skin Or cuticle; tue inner Is the true
skin. or cults ccfu. These myers differ IN their
structure and uses.
The scarf skin, called also cuticle or epidcrrns,
sa thin membrane. partially transparent, like n
hin shaving of horn. Having no bIood-vessels
" nerves, and consequently no feeling. it ap-
,ears to be simple covering to protect the true
.st on those parts most exposed to friction.
The scarf skin IS the production OF The true
sS az q fe 1m 4 IN tue torn n :, r
into huttencd scales. The cuticle Is composed
chiefly Of these scales. and Is constantly being
rubbed of us scurf, while new layers are form
The lower. softer, and newly-formed myers of
the scarf skin are the seat Of color In this part
the cells contlin pigment. Incorporated with
the elementary grlnuies, which gives to the VA
riol,s races their several shndes Of color. The
depth Of the hue is dependent On the amount OF
The true skin which is called the cults reru, or
cu:iu,n, is Il kind Of web woven into small t1brcs
collected intu strands In the upper portion tho
web is fuc and firm. but grows coArscr below.
Connected with its under surfnce is hbr0us
web in which the fat is deposited Upon :ts up
pcr surface is the sensitive Or papillury layer.
composed Of blood-ressels and nerves doubled
into laops which give little promnenccs. called
p1pilltE. Our illustration very well describes
our meaning.
ARTERIES, VEINS, AND NERVES
arc spread over the true skin in great numbers.
50 p:it;fusely that IS Impossible 10 nnQ place
unvuIr:cd with the point of II needle.
The is1nphuric5 arc very numerous in the skfn
l,csiuvs which there are oil glands and tubes and
sweat glands and tubes. The oil glands i'm
lt.aded In the skin, and communicate with the
surface by small tubes They are the most
abundant on the face, nose, and ears The sweat
Epparu1tls consists uf sunll tubes, which pass
through the true skin, and terminate In 1ueshes
Ut tue bottom, where it coils upon itself into
kind Of bundle, called the pcrspfratDry gland.
The hair and nails ure appendages of the sEin-
Our illustration at the head Of this article
gives Il section OF skin from the palm Of tho
Land. and highly 1uuguitied-
Il. The cEidcrmis. showing its lauinated text
ure AMI four splraliy twisted perspir1tory tubes
3-rrna; three tufts Of papilsie are seen {, t.
The coriua1 of the true skin, in its upper part,
I'll. 1n.ly ut c, being close and dense III texture:
anu III its deeper I,nrf- as at q, composed OF
strands at hhres of considerable size {, t. Lit
ue cushions of fat which occupy tie tnterstices
81 the siluu1s OF Hbres in the deep part OF the
c;,ruln. T. The network Of the capillary vessels
wing ut the base OF the papill;e, and supplying
the latter wirh blood by mems Of capillary loops,
OF which several are seen IN the figure. i. One
or the arteries conveying the blood TO the capi-
iury network: 1wo others Of the same kind In
tho figure. H. Two perspfra1ory glands with
tuLes ure seen In the figure
THE SKIN
fs an oYsrn Of sensation. absorption, and secre-
f1ol. Ii supplies us with knowledge, affords Us