Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1880-12-14

| KISS lAN ElNlb stA NiNNC VI VIZ NNA4
mander- in.chief of our armies during
the war for the Upion, whose wise, tlrm
and patriotic conduct did SO much TO
bring that momentous conflict 10 close.
The legislation OF the United States con-
tsins many presidents Tor the recog-
milton of distinguished military merit,
authorizing rank and emolumerts TO be
conferred for eminent services 10 the
country. An act OF Congress au,hoTiz-
inr the appointment OF q captain general
of the army. with suitable provisions
relating 10 compensation, retirement and
other details, would, in my judgment,
Dc altogether fitting and proper, and
would De warmly approved 10y the
country.
The report OF the secretary Of the navy
exhibits the successful and satisfactory
management Of that department during
the last fiscal Year. The total eXpendi-
lures fo- the year were Sl2 Gig, 6S9 IS
leaving uneXupnded at the close of the
year -, I4l, 6S2 % OF the amount OF
available appropriations. The appro-
priations for the present fiscal year end
inc June 30, 1881, are SIS 0s5 06l i5 (;
and the total estimates for the next fiscal
year ending June 80. lss2, are sl5 s53,
15i.6l. The amOun, drawn by warrant
from July |. 1850, 10 November |, 1880,
is So cal $40 as.
The report OF the postmaster general ex-
hihitsIhe continual growth and the high state
ot eflcisncy OF the postal service. The opera
lions of no department OF the government,
perhaps, represent with greater e1ac mess the
increase in the population and the business oil
the country. In 1860, the postal receipts were
6 SIS. O67 20; in 1850, the receipts were $685.
ais t79 "a. All the inhabitants Of the country
are directly and personally interested in having
proaer mail facilities, and naturally watch the
po.tofilce very closely. This careful over
.igbt on The part ct the people has proved
constant stimulus To Improvement. During
The mast wear there WAS an increase OF 2.lf
po.tnfiices. and the mail routes were extended
27l17 miles. making an additional annual
characterization OF 10, SOL, lSl niles. The rev
ennes OF the postal scr'ice Tor the ensuing
wear are estimated AZ SIS Si5 LA 10 and the
expcn ,itares n So as 93l. leaving dencien-
oy to Tee Appropriated out OF the treasury oi
: 650.15, 9.
The Universal postal union has received
the accession -. almost ali the countries and
colonies OF the vp Ia maintaining organ zed
...-'si services. ANA it be- confidently x, cctci
TINT all tie uihet countries AM colonies now
outside the Union vill soon unite herewith,
thu. r,al.ziu ths grand .lcl md ein OF the
foam Fer, oi the Union. OF forming torpurpo~'s
OF international mail commitment n, n single
postal territory embracing tHc woJii, win
complete uniformity 81 postal charges anI
conditions OF Internal uufl exc auAe Tor All
de-cript ous # crrresfo nd nee. To enable
the United States 90 10 - iUll share OF this
great cork. additional Legislation IL askcd by
the pp.tmA-isr-s general @ V 1o-e recommen-
datj0us especial attention = called
The "a COTTON of the postmaster general,
that il wouli - wise q encourage. by apPro-
pirate legislation. the establishment OF Amerl-
can ines OF steamers by our own citizens 10
carry the msiis between our own ports and
those OF Mexico, Conual America, South
America and u. tlRns-Pscihc countTics, IL
commended "a the serious consideration OF
Congress.
TIE attention o, Congress j. also invited TO
the suggestions OF the poStinas,e' general in
,.c7lnl TO pus'd savings.
The necessity tor aiditional provision, to
aid IN the iransaciion OF the business OF the
Federal courts, become. each year more APP
parrnt TIE dccke's OF the supreme court
aud %! the circuit court. IN the greater mum
her of the circuits, afc incumbcrci with the
constant accession OF cases. In the former
court. and in many instances in the circuit
courts. yenrs intervene before It is practicable
to bring cases 10 hraTing.
The aiiorI cyl general recommends the es-
Enlistment OF an intermediate court OF errors
Aad appeals. Il is recommended that the
number Ct Judges OF the circuit court IN each
circuit. with the exception OF the second car
cult, should be increased By the addition OF
another Judge; in the second circuit, tnAt two
- mt. q.
appellate court should 90 formed Ia each cir
CUT 20 consist OF the circuit Judge. and the
circuit Justice, aud tlai in the event OF the
absence Of either Of these Judges TIE place oi
the absent inlge shol'd BE- supplied by the
Judge II one OF the district courts IN he cir
CUT. such an appellate court colld be safely
invested with large iuri-t elton. aud It's de-
cisiuns would satisfy snitnrs IN many cases
v here Hpptsls would still b, allowed To the
surrrme court The exp,nse igcurred Tor
thu. intermediate court will require very
moderate increase OF the appropriations Tor
TIE expenses oi the department. ct justice.
This Recommendation j. COMMENDED 10 the
careful C nsiierGtiou OF Congress.
/, Is evident that dllay OF justice, in many
instances oppressive and disastrous 10 suitors,
row necessarily occurs IN the Fed, IA! courts,
waicl will in this way be RENE he'd.
me aNiNtI fl tue HftltAA u NAN shh'AsNA
presents an elaborate account oil the operations
Of that d-jat tInent during the past year. II
givo, me great pleasure TO say that r Indian
sf.!ls aprcar Ia be- in a more hop"ful cnndi-
ton now taAn ever before. The Indians hare
male r.auiyiug pIogte ~ agriculture, herd
ing and mec Ganic.l pursuits May who were
q few v,a,s AGO IN hostile conf CT with the
government arr quietly settling down on larms
where tLey hope TO make their permanent
ho,u,-s buiiding rouse- and engaging III the
.o.,.unati,n. "a, civilized lite. The Introduction
nj me ireigbtinp business among them has been
remarkably fruitful Of good results, IN giving
,ronv al them cOnsenial and r,munerative
employment and in stimulating uheir smbi-
ton 20 can their own support. Their bon
,-ty. ldeity and efficiency AS carriers are
highly praised Tue organization OF apolice
l. rec of Indians has ben co ally successful IN
maintaining law and order upon the reserNa-
tons aud in exercising whole -oine mora
influence among the lniiAns themselves.
concur with the secretary of the interior IN the
Recommendation that the pay OF this force be
increased ~ an inducement 10 the pest CLASS
OF young men 20 enter Il.
The report OF the director OF the &c logical
survey /, u document of unusual interest
The consolidation o. the vsriuo- geological
and geographical surveys aud ~ Oring enter
pr,se.. each OF which uas hereto ore operated
upon an independent plan, without concert
cannot tail To b. Of great benefit 10 ali those
industries OF the country which depend upon
the development OF our mineral resources.
The labors OF the scientific men OF recognized
merit, who compose the corps OF the geological
survey, during the tr~t season oil Their Held
operations ant inquiries, appear 10 have been
very comprehensive, aud vii soon be commu-
nicatel TO Congress in IA number OF volumes.
The director oil the survey recommends that
the investigations carried on by his bureau,
which. So TAR, hsve been confined 10 the So
called public land States and Territories, BE-
extended over the entire country, and that the
necessary appropriation be made Tor TINS pur-
pose. This would he particularly beneficial
10 the iron. coal and other minIng inter ests OF
m Ni.ai-.inni WILEY and OF the Eastern