Morning journal and courier., 1880-08-10

it that not only have the English exports and imports of both manufactured and raw prod ucts greatly decreased in the last five years but that the people have ceased to raise or buy as large number of cattle as they did few years ago. In 1875 the number of English reached 5,956, 1856; in 1875 the number of sheep was 29, 167, 438, which had fallen off more than million last year. Nor was this decrease owing wholly to the recent importa- ton of American cattle on the hoof, since we
 find that the total import of cattle and sheep from all quarters, including Ireland, was in 1879 2,986, ,251 while in 1878 it reached 3,O43,- 090. In the last year English native cattle and sheep have fallen off nearly million and a half. This depreciation is owing to the importation. of American beef and mutton, which the English people will have in spite of talk about pleuro-pneumonia and efforts to protect the English cattle raisers.
 According to the Detroit Post, the head quarters of the Socialistic organization on this continent is now located in Detroit, and there are more Socialists in this country than most people think. They are organized po- itically in the States of New Hampshire, Massachusetts,, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Della ware, Maryland, West Virginia, Ohio, Indi- ana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, Louisiana, Tex as and California. The movement was orga- nized on it's present basis in July, 1876, by a few radicals, mostly Germans, in New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio and Illinois. The association now controls 100000 votes, has daily papers in New York city German and Bohemian), Philadelphia (German), Chi cago German, Milwaukee (German) and St. Louis (German), and about dozen weekly papers. There are also Scandinavian week ly in Chicago, German weekly in San Fran cisco, and three monthly magazines in the French language in New York, New Orleans and Corning, Ia., respectively. The follow ing trade union publications also Social istic in tendency and expression: The Ex- ponent, Cincinnati the Labor Standard, Paterson, N. J.. Workingmen's Union Advo- cate, New Orleans; the Trades, Philadelphia, and quite number of small Greenback week. lies.
 The defense of their father which the three sons of the late Oakes Ames have issued is timely and able They review at length the history of the construction of the Pacific railroad, and the connection herewith of the Credit Mobilier company, denying all the charges made against their father. They as- sert that there was nothing improper in the construction of the road by company form ed of the stockholders of the road, and that in effect all great roads are built in this man ner, and in nearly every instance yield a larger percentage of profit than was obtained by the Credit Mobilier, which was only 15 per cent. of the money invested. They al lege that there was no intention of bribery on the part of MT. Ames in selling stock to fel- low members of Congress that the road all ready had all the grants it asked for, and there has been nothing to show that any further legislation was desired. The enter prise, as they say, was of vast benefit to the country, and it was proper that such liberal grants should be made as would induce cap italists to take hold of it. It was when the company was embarrassed and in danger of giving up the work that Oakes Ames was im- plored to give his assistance, both as Q capi- talist and patriot. It was fourteen months after the last act of Congress in behalf of the road that Oal1es Ames and his brother Oliver became interested. The generally re- ceived impression has been that believing that there was money to be made out of building transatlantic railroad, Oakes Ames induced the national government to make a large appropriation of land and bonds in it's favor, and then used the Credit Mobilier stock to prevent Congress from looking too closely into the nature of the transaction that had been made. Now these impressions are wholly without founda- tion, as the defense referred to clearly shows. The national government was ex- ceedingly solicitous to have railroad built to California, for the political purpose of uni ting the extreme East and West; and of it's own volition held out inducements to capital ists to undertake this work. But, ill spite of the offers held out, no one could be persua- ded to take upon himself the responsibility of such task and, even after the offers had been increased, those who were bold enough to accept them practically broke down before they had built more than few miles of road. It was under these conditions that Oakes Ames, after many misgivings, concluded to risk his fortune in the venture, and to raise among his personal friends the money need ed to carry out the work. This defense makes it plainer than ever that the Congress men who bought the stock were needlessly afraid of having it known.