Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1880-08-27

Pat to set the old hen Coming home inqui-
ries were made. Pat" asked the farmer
"did you set the hen ~ Yes '"How many
eggs did you put under her1' Twenty
four "Whnt made you use so many -
because | wanted to sec the old hen spread
herself" Mr. Woodman feared he should
hardly be able to cover the nest that had
been made for him. Though Western
man he felt some pride Of birth, being ma
tive of New England. lie was born in Yer
mont, but removed to Michigan with his pa
rents at the ago of four years. Tho West
can raise the best crops Of grain, but New
England can raise the best men and women
| In explanation Of the aims and objects of the
P. of H., the speaker commenced with his
visit to the Paris Exhibition, he having been
one of our four commissioners appointed by
the President for that purpose. lie travelled
through tho principal countries of Europe
with the special object of learning their sys-
tens Of agriculture and the condition of the
| agricultural classes Wherever he went
whether in France, where the farmers own
the land, subject to the monied powers. or
in Germany, whore the peasants live in rooms
over the cattle stalls, or in England, where a
| few men own all the land, or in down-trod.
den Ireland he found the working farmers
degraded and oppressed. They have been
brought down to their degraded condition be-
cause they have neglected to attend to their
| own affairs neglected to protect themselves
| against the encroachmcnts of monied powers
and aristocraccs. The history of the world
is but history of the oppression of the till
crs of the soil. 1t is only in America that
working farmer is nominally an equal in
| rank and before the law.
What brought the order of p and H. into
| existence? At the close Of tho civil war the
| agricultural industries of the country-espe.
cially some parts Of the country-wore in a
very depressed condition. Speculation had
been rife. Speculative aud other organiza.
tons and corporations appealed to Congress
and the State legislatures for laws fayorng
2 their interests and got them enacted Far.
mers had no organization. Though const-
tuting more than one-half of the people of
this country they had no representative men
in Congress. There was but one genuine
farmer there, and he a coiored man. The
! State legislatures were in q similar condition
Railroad corporations obtained franchises
which allowed them to Cypress and rob the
! people as they could do in no other country
| There is no other country but that fixes the
rates and fares of railroads as we do the tolls
of mills, or the fares of cabmen in the cities
1t cost three bushels of corn to carry one to
market from Iowa
1t was this condition of the farming inter
osts that led to the organization Of the order
known rs the Z. of II. Many who know
nothing of the aims and objects Of the order
have been prejudiced against it by those that
sought to make money out of it, or from the
belief that its chief object was to do mercan.
tile or other business. He was surprised that
no more have fallen of when so many went
into it with such an improper understanding
of its objects. He asked that prejudice be
laid aside. The object of the order was to
elevate, to educate and to protect. No parti-
san politics or sectarianism was allowed in
the Grange; yet we have politics and relig.
ion. We want some laws repealed and 9th
ors enacted. We should ondoavor to secure
these oh jocts by petition or through the bal.
lot-box All other trades and professions
have their organizations for mutual protec.
,io,, o,,d od,a,,oor,a,,, 49,, 30
and only national organization of farmers in
the history of the world. lie looked to this
organization as the great hope of the farmers
of this country. If this fails the last hope OF
the American farm er to escape the degrade
ton of his European brother fails with it.
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P'N'e'''N III "i'