, 1880-04-04

Nor aand fp.i1I 1ie e Inv Powers Of Love Divine:-
g.. e.. a-.,rr 1- Struggle in the latest breath
~ f. h,,t nfoQressiye Life and death Of Deafh.
.Tha essential principle Of Being-the very
Hiring se]f-ef1cient Force or Cause
MIND AND BRAIN.
~ Ag1f ANALYSIS OF THE MYSTERIES or
LIFE
4randon Spectator. March t.
Tbos. researches into the brain and nerv-
ons system. which have been prosecuted
with the utmost energy, and with no small
measure Of success, during the present cent
ury. naturally suggested renewed discussion
of the question how thinking is related to
that organic apparatus with which 1t is,
somehow OF. other, associated. From the
days Of Hume, and earlier, the Scotch have
taken creditable interest In the philosophical
problem Of tracking the subtle and mysterl-
Gus line where matter ends and mind be-
gins; and it was time that the most meta
physical Of British Universities should give
us something fresh upon the subject DR..
Calderwood goes over the ground with pa
tent industry, with exemplary care, COM
prehensively, candidly. He tells us-nay, by
succession Of very useful illustrations, he
lets us see-what the anatomists and phys
ioiogists hare been doing in this most diff
cult and most interesting province of scien-
ti6c exploration. Turner, Quain, Wagner,
Maudsley, Ferrier, Carpenter, Huxley, are
put under contribution, and he is equally
conye1saat with the comments made upon
the results Of their Investigations by such
writer's as G. q. Lewes and Prof Balm.
When he has shown us all, however, that the
indefatisable anatomists and Psychologists
OF ap age when the enthusiasm of science Is
athousand times more widely diffused, and
even more fmpassfoned, than the enthusiasm
Of poetry, have been able to accomplish in
the way Of explaining the tie between con-
sciousness and matter. we are constrained to
confess that It recalls to us Voltaire's sum-
mary OF the metaphysical discoveries of the
sages OF all timeA-Tres peu de chose. Spots
have been marked on this lobe Of the brain
and Oh that which, when electrically slim
ulated, produce twichfngs of the limbs. Other
lobes Of the brain hare been distinguished
Inc frontal and the occiptal-which do not
respond to the electrode. Fine threads Of
"hife or gray matter hare been traced from
eye, and ear, and nostril to the brain, and it
has been shown that, when these fine threads
ale cut, the eye no longer sees,
ne ear no longer hears, the nostrils
no longer smell. Some of the fine
threads IN question have been proved to
ca11g messages in from the finger-tips or
loee-sar1aces to the nerye-centre; some OF
'aem have been proved to carry messages
oat 1fom nefTecentre to toe and tinger,-tle
lo11ner have been called scnsory-neryes, and
Inc iat3er motor-nerves. We know how the
gray matter and the white matter are placed
N relation to each other under the panoply
u tne SKULL We are familiar with the cere-
0fam and the cerebellum, the CORPUS Gallo
sum ana the medulla oblongata; we can
aaee me tssure of Rolando, the Sylvan fis-
y su'e' ano variety OF sutures and convolu-
aa,s* 1hls, no doubt is much. All honor
a2s y me explorers Of these dim continents, tie
1.unso ranl fa[ks and Liyingstones of this un-
No sa'etsa CT Africa But when we have heard
s1 prof "4oie, m, we are bound to confess, with
shan lar 4ynaal! that for us, as for our fathers,
eats e ago, the passage from the physlcs Of
.; ai "aa1n 70 the corresponding facts OF con
eIi4ushess y IS untllinkahle.'
II - mofil1S7ng to the self-conceit of genius,
% h. H.alnnllng y. to the pride of science. t0Know
;s";eiS icy GS ulmc4lty III question, on which the
1sspi!hed asn observation of generations has
nnr1a;ate n;.aoie 70 shed one ray Of light can be
~ 1yeated nsa. oy an Intelligent boy, and must
1iosonIhe;.n Ien'eo LIZ !tself IN the earliest dawn of