New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-04-18

with which he and his friends bad wasted their tim
at Moscow the same blind faith IN the unlYersa
efficacy of subtle distractions which had deludeC
HeIzen and Belinski into imagining that the tru'
COnceptiOn of the State had only TO be proclaimed II
be carried at once into practical elect Not as.
| disciple, but a friend and equal, had BakuniI
entered the circle of those vain doctr1naires wbC
accounted themselves the foIerunners OF new anC
better dispensatiOn, and looked down upon tht
| world of reality with as much arrogance as himself
1t the glory of this tyro of philosophy to have
mastered the conceptions of religion, OF nationality
and of history His maiden effort was landed as a
| masterpiece. The wild energy of his passion fol
destruction was admired as manly decision Of char
acter. His belief in the absolute truth of the Mega
tive priDciple-the depOStary, as nc called II, OF all
intelligence-Was strengthened into article Oh
faith Was 10 to be wondered ut that with the
firm resolve to give immediate and complete eject
TO his infaible theories, with the light IN front
and the darkness behind him." Bakunin went on ms
way, and soon pretended TO give laws to aud dictate
the development of the world of culture which he
had just begun TO be acquainted with, ana Oh whose
real nature he had scarcely even a superficial ideai
Bakuniu now q843) goes for the first time to
Paris, which he had been taught to worship as the
Mecca of Revolution. 1t was in accordance with
Lis antecedents that he should willingly surrender
himself TO the impression which prevailed to great
extent in the most intellectual Partisan circles. He
joined the various leaders of tine Soclastic party,
and the dealers IN Polish conspracies who lived as
emgrants in the French metropolis But it was not
long before he became object of suspicion TO the
police and was compelled to retire to the valleys Of
Switzerland. At the expiration of five years he
paid another visit to Paris taking an active part in
every revolutionary project that turned up, visiting
different European cities with view to conspiracy
until he was finally arrested IN Saxony and deliv-
cred into the hands of the Government:
The 10th Of MAY. 1910. determined the next ten
years of Bakunlns life. From the following August
till May, 1850, he kept prisoner in the fortress
of konigsein, and. being sentenced to death by tho
Saxon tribunal, was delivered up to the Austrian
by the old Diet Of the Bund in 1896. Olce more
condemned to death (Siay, 1871 his sentence
committed to Imprisonment for life; but, at the re.
quest of the Emperor Nicholas, he was handed over
to the political police of hiS native country, and
taken. in the Autumn Of 1851, through Warsaw and
wilma, to ST. PETERSBURG TO be locked mp
in the classmates Of the Peter-paul for
tTess. The silent TespectfulncSs of the Poles,
who, in spite of strict orders TO the contrary, had
collected in large numbers III the streets Of Wilma,
barring their heads as the orntor of November p,
1S47. drove past them IN sledge surrounded by
gendarmes was probably the last ray of light that
Bakunin took with him into the dungeons which for
the next six years shut Him out from the world. At
the outbreak of the Crimean War he was removed
to the cgscmates of the dreaded SCh.iiSsclbuTg
which actually lie beneath the level of the Neva:
but when the new Emperor Alexander H., at
his coronation in August 1856. issued his UJase
of Amnesty (eXtcndng to the condemned
spiratOrs of 1920, Balunin at rhe intcrccssOn of
his relatives, was released from prison and ban
shed to the eastern part Of Siberia. There he lived
y a
the then Governor General Count AiurayjrfAmuTski
or according to Others, tho Civil Governor, KOrs-
sakOh-9ave him permission to settle in the lately
annexed territory of the Amur. Hero he was al
lowed to move about almost rs he pleased and be-
ing granted pass. which OF course referred only To
the province, and favored by al around him on ac-
count OF his relationship with Muravief he found it
10 difficult matter TO extend his excursions far
as ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. where he secretly got on
board an American vessel and escaped to Japan.
From thence he Went to North America; and finally
came TO London in 1851, where IerZen, Ogareit and
the other Russian refugees welcomed with ODen
arms the veteran Of the revolutionary party OF Rus
STA, who, although fOrty-seven years Of age, was
physically and mentally full Of freshness and en-
ergy. His wife and children, whom he had left at
once on English SOIL he found himself secure against
all the dangers and prosecutions which his earlier
memories had coniured mp to his imagination.
Bakuniu now turned his attention more directly
to tho development Of the ideas which had long
been the leading motives OF his life namely the abo-
lton OF the State ne such the eKtrpaOn Of all re-
ligion and of all hereditary rights, tho absolute
equalization of all individuals. and the substitution
of cOllectivism for communism -
This wild idea Of annihilating the whole civil |
lied world and establishing dictatorship Of Cit-
zen Bakunn upon its ruins might well appear fabu-
lOuB, were II not for documentary proofs published
now several years, and never contradcted, that it
was actually and seriously entertained. But even |
this does not exhaust the measure Of the monstrous
and incredible. Hundreds Of fools were really |
found who made I]akuuIn's system their rule Of |
action. and thereby brought misery mon V,st |
number Of their fellOw-dupes. In, Spain and |
Italy particularly, the adherents of this ''Al- |
lance" became so numerous among the menu
bers of the International Workngmen's Asso-
citation that the international repeatedly felt the
danger of being swamped by Bakuhin's secret soci-
city. The minority, who at the Basic Congress- in
1869, voted against the Bakunin- Rich
ard motion for the complete abolition of all Herald
itary rights, were not very numerous. and Baknnin
oven after his expulsion from the Swiss section of
the ASSOCIATION June. 1870 still continued TO aei-
tate in its name against the DEGREES Of the General
Council In London, until he and his followers were
formally repudlated and prescribed by the Com
gross OF the lnternatiOnal at The Hague. in 1872
This sentence led to the secession of four Span- |
ish, five Belgian, two Dutch. one American and |
two Swiss delegates from the Jura district and
many Of the most Jealous and devoted sections at
once dissolved. Bakunin succeeded in getting To-
vether cOunter-COngress, which declared the de-
crees of the International null and void and resolved
: that any organization for the union of existing
revolutionary authorities was sham and q snare |
and would involve the proletarate in the same dan
gers that they incurred from tho present govern
nontsn Thus open war was declared agoInat |
he International. The Universal Revolution vvhich |
not to leave one stone upon another througbomt
he world. now turned It's weapons against the only
evolutionary organization that could pOssblv an |
LANCER existing rule and ORDER
Upon the downfall of Louis Napoleon. Ral,un;r
new course Of agitation for the liberia
ion of France, as the most important object of the
revolution, and IN the month of September. 1870
the prOletarat Of every country to com
line for the accomplishment Of that purpose. But
he career of the Russian Denis Kearney had now
cached its height or rather its lowest depth. and
rom that time until his death the influence of this
pOste Of incendiaTsm was on the wane among the
Radicals of Europe, although it has received fresh
impulse in the destructive designs of tho present
'ihilists.
The rest Of Bakunip's life was nothing but dis.
race and disaster. He had s0wn tile whiriyyind
nd he now reaped the storm: contempt and rim
tared him in tho face The French Radicals Turned
With scorn from the author of tho Umpire Knouto-
Tho Russian Radicals, to some eX
ent responsible men, would have nothing TO do with
he ally of Netchagef The suppression OF the revolt
t CarthaRena decided tho fate of the Spaniah &c
ion Of the new Alliance Mazzlni, in the name of
he Italian Radicals. pronounced tho anathema on
lis "AllIance" rs well as Oh the Infernn iinnni |