New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-11-06
Remember. remember,
The Fifth or November
The Gunpowder Pot
Shnnld ne'er DE- lOrgOt.
MR. HrGHEs,s Address.


century. TINS subject is so large that no one can
do more than touch upon a small section OF
it IN single lecture. therefore must
speak of it chiefly seen In England
where know 1t thoroughly. The acquaintance a
man gets at second hand with this movement IN
Europe and America, interesting rs 1t Is IN itself,
does not enttle him to speak Win any confidence
upon so difficult topic IN countries and among
races whore indeed the same problems have TO De
solved, but where the conditions OF llie poHtcaI
and social. which prevail are essentially different
from those Of his country. The problems, never
theless are the same everywhere. The time appears
to have come in this nineteenth century when the
turn Of the people has come, and they going. If
not 10 control a, any rate to exert vast influence
on the life Of nations Bdl yet the path is by no
means clear for them. The great inventions, steam
and electricity, by facilitating communication and
stimulating activity of all kinds, physical. intel
loctual and moral. have indeed educated them to
point where they fee, their power. Blr now they
are to use that power 70 obtain better condi-
tons Of life and larger aud more eqn table share of
the good things of this world is still quite IN the
dark tor them.
This is the question which they are asking them
selves the world over and, in imitation of those
above them, the first question - not how they are
t. live moro brIyely and righteou'Iy fear Dut
never increased so rapidly as IN our time, and has
probably never been distributed more unequally
The substantial effect which all these great uven
tons and all these facilities for communication
produce. Is constant tendency of wealth 10
get mo fewer hands. The big fish are eat
ing I'D the smaller ones in all waters
Ihe masses Of the people are conscious OF tins.
They feel that they are living in society in which
men are eng gcd IN q cease.css struggle 10 pro-
mote their own interests without regard TO
those If other men where. in fact people IN gen.
eral are almost universally living upon aad not ior
one another. II such society they feel their own
/ weakness. They desire a7lentlT 10 change the
conditions. and seeing that they cannot get their
share individually, they look for society IN which
they can work for "a common interest. In other
words. they desire society where they will
! be living to some extent Tor, and not upon one
another THIS is, theu, the problem which each
! nation is working ont in its own way. In Europ;
there are all sorts OF Wild efforts LeiH made for tie
| solution Of IT, and also am happy tosag some wise
| efforts on thar Continent the general movement
| Is best known a. that of State socialism the
name By which 1t j, called IN Germany, the head
quarters and centre Of that dangerous agitation
which is troubling all Continental statesmen.
| The principle of STATE socialism Is that
| tDe state is by uahenabe right the sole
owner Of the land and OF an personal property; and
that the duty of Che State is 10 provide employment
and secure good wages for al citizens; and to en-
| force work upon every one. That Is state social
lsm, TIE central idea )t which modified by race and
locality prevails more or less, all over the continent
Of Europe taking various forms, a. in the Nihili-m
| If Russia and the Communism Of France and Italy.
OFFSETS TO EVIL
Happily however, in each of these countries. the
movement Is also repcs.uteI IN a healthy and BEN
e6cent form Thus IN Germany. the peoples banks,
founded by that greao statesman. Schultze D.litsch.
| have spread over the whole country, have de7el-
! oned thrift and Independence in very remarkable
manner and are the great antld0tes To the State
culism and LIsalle and Carl Marks So in France
the faY.;laaiere established by NJ. Godin at Guse,
and the cooperative manufactures of Messrs lie
| Clair. IN Paris. are exercising the same heathful
influence Il Is impossible 10 speak of these, inter
estinc A. they are IN any detail IL - sufficient for
| our purpose at present however, 90 note tue ldCt
fnIt while there Is healthy side To
the movement in each European country, the idea
of the state interfering 10 guarantee the prosperity
OF all cit Gems prevails and Is apparently becoming
| more ana more powerful year by wear.
In England on the other hand, tnr idea of de-
pendence upon the STATE for the improvement of the
| condition OF the great masses OF the people mas IL
hold The traditions and instincts OF our peopi" have
proved too strong for state SOCIALISM, All Jhdt the
masses of the English people ask Is that the STATE
shall stand aside and only see that they nave fal1
play u working out their own ideas ana IN ODtaihih s
better condition for thrmselvcs and for their chill
dren Butin England, rs III all other European coun-
tries tue method by which TINS result l. 10 De ar
rived ri IS the same, ana the people see th1i IL Is
only BY association among thems yes, develop hE
IN all directions, that TINS battle Is 70 De won.
! standing alone, they feel and acknowledge theI
| powerl-s5ness and together they begin to believe
that they able 20 man am what they nave a.
ready won and to insure further progress n the not
| distant future. They have thus come iuto entire
harmony with the industrial ze geistoi our time
COOPERATION II ENGLAND.
It's only during the last twenty-five years that in
England this great instrument OF progress has been
available for tho masses of the people. Up 10 the
year 1852 all combinations and associations by the
yorliug classes tor industrial purposes were prac-
tically illegal There was no method by wlIc-
s,cb voluntary associations could protect theil
property; they could neither sue nor be sued IL
curtis nor could they punish de;auting member
and servants. In 1852 the hrst Industrial Proyt
,tot Societv Act was passed, legallzng such comb
| ,,+,,ns linus the tirst step was won, ana that ha
! L,,,1e the Or cticII Magma Charta o. the WOTklnl
| ueonla Of the United Kingdom. Tie progress Nucl
| - Lo.n made under ID may be shortly gathered
-, the following facts. pass over the returns o.
- rlirr Years too long 10 give IN dcJal bt may
W hr,eH,- according 10 the returns Tor the veal
| &c. which | happen ID nave W!th me
ts't II apBears thlt IN that year 900 sOci
etIes we're registered under The act ior LnEiahu
| oDd I3- for scotland. These, however, represent
a rortion OF the societies actually ~ existence
Tnr returns many of the poorer societies. scat
to-ed through the country DISTRICTS !ouh u 40 ma
- dIificuIt TO make ; const queuty theIe WeI
- ~ associations. and still are some Wi!ch III
nnt annear upon The rcglsl r. but 'aA'hE ne nun
her above given as fePEtseh'l,- w t -, :.
rncss the fact stands tuai 10 Ia Sc tMrlly
.i'-oo years IN England upward oI t-OOV'
ID IL families, ana ~ oc3li'hu o'"''' H4'' GU
Io 'tI into association and belonged 10 re- 'le!e'
iticd nv 'Tre Genital belonging 20 these -Oc4rfIr
a5J ar,nmul lated % upward ol i ~ loJV ~ En@
and and Iii Scotland to upward OIL ]'-''oo0' 4"