davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02
PATENT NOTICES.
Application for q Patent
TO THE
GOLCHIS MINE.
No. 564.
UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE,

UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE,
Eureka, Nevada May 10. 1880.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
IN Great Western Tunnel Company, by its
authorized agent JAS l. Smith, whose postofice
address is TEN Piute, Nevada, has this day flied
his application for patenttor nine hundred and
sixtythree t963) linear feet of the Colchis Mine,
or vein bearing liver, with surface ground four
hundred feet in width, situate. lyin and being
in Tenn Piute Mining District, County OF Lin
coin. and State of Nevada, and known ard des-
ignated by the field notes and official plat on
file in this office as lot No. So, Mount Diablo
meridian.
The exterior boundaries of said lot No g. be-
ing as follows, to wit: Variation 169 degrees
east. Commencing at post marked No. l. u.
$ survey No. 81, whence Grant Peak bears n.
degrees, Al minutes west 1891 ard four tenths
feet U. S. monument-No 8, Coyote Peak, bears
s. 10 deg 80 min. west, 3424 feet, and the work
ing shaft upon this lode bears S. deg 80 min.
| W, 403 and six tenths feet This post is at tho
southwest corner of the Baalbec lode or mining
| claim, thence running; LIST course, S 20 deg j.,
| 1868 feet to post marked U. g. survey No 50,
No. Q; thence. % course, S. 20 deg W, COO feet,
| to post marked q. s. survey No. 81, No. 3;
thence, Sd course, S. 70 deg. W, 400 feet, to a
post marked u. S. survey No 81, No a; thence.
4th course N. 20 deg E, 600 feet. to post
marked U. s. survey No, so, No 8; thence, 5tb
course, N 20 deg W, 1868 feet, to post marked
U. survey No. 50, No 6; thence, 9th, COURSE
N. 70 deg. E. 400 feet to post No. l, at the place
| of beginning, containing $500 acres.
This claim is bound d by the Baalbec. Home
stake. South End and Old Abraham lodes OF
| mining claims.
The location of this mine is duly recorded in
the Recorders Office of TEN Piute Mining Dis
trict, in book b. page Sc. o. Mining Records.
Any and all persons claiming adv rsely any
portion of said Colchs m ne or said mining
ground as hereinbefore described, are required
to file their adverse claim with the hegi>tei
of the United states Land flee at Eu eka, il
the State OF Nevada, during the sixty days
period of publication hereof, or they will b.
barred by virtue of the provisions Of the
Statute.
my15-60d JAMES MCMARTIN, Register
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02
Application for a Patent
TO THE
OLD ABRAH AM NINE
No. 56G.
UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE,

EUREKA, NEVADA, MAY III, 1881.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
IN Great Western Tunnel Company by its
authorized Agent, Jas. !. Smith, whose postoffico
address is Tenn Piute, Nevada, has thi day filed
application for patent for fifteen hundred
$1,000 linear feet of tue Old Abraham Mine or
vein bearing silver, with surface ground 800
feet in width, situate, lying and being in Tenn
Pinte Mining District, County of Lincoln and
State of Nevada, and known and designated by
the field notes and official plat on file in this
Office as lot No. "a, Mount Diablo meridian.
The exterior boundaries OF said lot No "a being
as follows, to wit: Variation 1917 degrees east
Commencing at o post mark No. /, U. s sur
vey No. "a, whence Grant Peak bea N 9 deg.
04 min E, 1886 feet; U. s. monument No. 8 on
Coyote Peak bears s. 10 deg 80 min. W, 1873
Z, 1852 feet and the discovery shaft upon this
lode bear N. 20 deg 80 min, T., roo feet.
Thence running. LIST course N 70 deg E, 500
feet, to post marked U. s. survey NO, 54 post
No Q; thence, Cd course, N 20 deg. E, $50 feet,
to post marked U. S survey No. 49, post No 4,
and U. s. survey No. SO, post No. A, and 750
feet to post marked U. S. survey No. "a, post
No. 8, and being also post No. 6, s. survey
No. SO, Colchis lode; thence, Sd course, 20
| deg. w, 1888 feet, to q post marked o. s. survey
No. 80, post No 6, and 750 feet to post marked
| U. s. survey No. "a, post No A. therce, 4th
course, 8 10 deg W, 800 ieet to a post marked
| U. s. survey No. 81. post No. s; thence, 9th
course, s ~ deg. E, 100 feet. to post marked
| " . survey No' u, post NO. .; thence, VIZ
course. s. 20 deg ", 75O feet, to post No. /, ~
the place of beginni 6, containing - Ice
| acres.
This claim is bounded on the east by The
Colchls and South end lodes, on the nori b by the
Homestake, on the south and west by no known
| claim.
The location of this mine is duly recorded il
the Recorders office Of TEN Fiute Mining Dis
trict, in book b, page 2, of the Mining Rec
ords. Any and all persons claiming adversel.
any portion of said Old Abraham Mine or SAID
mining ground az hereinbefore described, or
required to file their adverse claim with tn
J Register of the United States Land Office a
| Eureka, In the State Of Nevada, during th
sixty days period OF publication hereof, or the,
will be barred by the virtue of the provision
| Of the Statute.
my15-60d JAMES McMARTIN, Register
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02

Day silver Mining Company--Lo.
cation Of principal place Of business Ban
Francisco, California. Location Of works, Jack.
rabbit District, Lincoln county. Nev.-Notice is
hereby given that at meeting OF the Board OF
Directors. held ON the 22d day Of September,
1880. an assessment mo. y Of Fifteen (l6c ]
Gents per share was levied upon the capital
lin United States gold coin, to the Secretary It
THE office Of the Company. Room is, No. $40
Pine street, San Francisco. California.
Any stock upon which this assessment shall
remain unpaid on the twenty fifth (25thl
|day Of October, 1880, will be delinquent, and
lad sertised for sale ct publcauction, and unless
payment 10 made before will be sold on Monday,
she twenty second (92d) day Of November, 1880.
10 pay the delinquent assessment. together with
costs Of advertising and expenses Of sale.
By orderof the Board Of Directors.
J. ". PEW. Secretary
Ofics.-s10 Pine street. Room Is. San Fran.
Disco. California. so25-td
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02
MISCELLANEOUS.

thence north IS deg. west $50 feet to an
iron pin under railroad bridge; 7th, thence
north 29x deg. west 288 feet to an iron pin
near the corner Of the old Meadow Valley Office;
sth, thence south 70 deg west 100 feet to an iron
pin; 9th, then south % deg. east Is feet to an
iron pin; 10th, thence south 43 deg. west 70 feet
to post in a rock mound; 18th, thence north
40 deg west IS feet to an iron pin; 18th, thence
south 40 deg. west 315 feet to post in mound;
18TH thence south 81 deg. east 80 feet to an
iron pin; l4th, thence 4S deg west 39G feet to q
post in rock mound; 18th, thence north IS
deg. east 1877 feet to a post in rock mound /;
10th, thence north At deg east 115 ieet to o post
in rock mound; 18th, thence south 1915 deg.
east 2O8 feet to a post in q rock mound: 18th,
thence south 10 deg east $40 feet to the place of
the beginning.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02

The three countries where they marry
be earliest are Hungary, Spain and
reece. Marriages of boys of ID and
Iris of IL are not uncommon. Among
be wedding presents there are always
everal dolls, and the happy pair spend
he honeymoon in playing hide-and-seek
Ind hop-Scotch.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02

Deed,
Andrew Brown to Raymond q Ely Mining Com.
pany Dated December II, 1871, book q. page
10.
mine known as, and called the Liehtner
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02

It is claimed by some medical men
hat smoking weakens the eyesight.
Maybe it does, but just see how it
trengthens the breath.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-02
Also . Fine Assortment Of
CROCKERY, GLASSWARE AND
CUTLERY.

Goods delivered free Of charge to any portion
|Of the city. Give us . call before purchaPtng
elsewhere as we are preparing to sell out at v. 8
reasonable prices.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
Psrron.I Mcmillan


Captain Warren went to Chicago
Sunday on business.
Mrs w. A. Johnston, of Minneapolis
Kansas, is visiting Mrs. u. w. Bennett.
Major Hood returned Tuesday night
from an extended business trip to Texas
Mr.. A. P. Rand, of Massachusetts,
and owner of the city COW pasture. is
stopping in the city.
Sid Baxter. western agent of the Van
dalia line, is in the city looking after the
interests of his road
f. G. Bertram, IL Council Grove attOr-
torney, was in the city Monday and call.
ed Mt THE NEWS office.
We acknowledge call from ]. A.
Storms. of Manchester, Ohio, formerly
editor of the Press of that place, and
now in the real estate business.
w. F. Ewing, viii Fithian and Tom
Jones started to Atchison Monday to
attend the grand lodge of the Knights
of Pythias, in session in that city.
Geo. A Ferdin and, our new druggist,
returned to Emporia Wednesday. He
was accompanied by c. W. Lick, from
Clyde, New York, who will he Mr.. Fer
dinand's assistant.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
NnrmaI Notes

May, 10, 1880.
The Lyceum placed their new EsteY
organ in their room on Saturday
The professors and students are be-
ginning to feel quite at home in the new
building
Prayer meeting every Sunday after
noon at p. m. in room No. o, for Nor
NAL students.
The ladies' society and the amateurs
are private affairs, allowing only their
own members.
Dir. Parks, the contracting agent for
II. A. Andrews, Who furnished the seats,
called on Thursday.
Mr.. smith left US on Thursday, having
completed the work of putting in the
seats and desks to the satisfaction of the
board.
We would like to have it understood
once for all that smoking in or around
tire building is not allowed. Please re-
member
The ladies' debating society met in
the assembly room at p. M, and the
gentlemen held their amateur debating
club Meeting in their room at the same
hour
The lettering and numbering of doors
and seats is being pushed rapidly for
ward by Mr.. w B. Vale, of Emporia,
who is first class workman and a per
feet gentleman
Yesterday was busy day with the
students, as they were busy putting up
chandeliers and fitting up with furni-
ture their new lyceum room, which is
situated in the northeast corner of the
building on the third floor
\ new pump was put in one of the
cisterns on Thursday, and the students
have made good use of it. The water in
the large tank in the tower had become
very foul and was drawn off last evening
and the tank cleansed, and fresh water is
being pumped in this morning.
Visitors from abroad and from Empo
ria are now registered. For the past
week the following have visited the
Normal: Miss Della Tibbals, Forest
Hill, Kansas; Miss Anna Nelson, Neo
osho Rapids; Miss Fannie Clotfelter,
HillsbOr0ugh, Illinois; f. K. Endly,
Mansfield, Ohio; John Summersfield,
Sherman, Texas; ]. A. Welch, Harris
burg, Pennsylvania; Prof. A r. Taylor,
Lincoln university, Lincoln, Illinois;
Prof. X. c. Hickman, Springfield, I'LL
nnis ITNn
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

serted instead OF Miss Annie Cannon.
Lest Miss Kinnan be surprised to learn
that she belongs 10 the n. ID. company,
We wish to correct it. :. Most farmers
have suspended operations for the time
being, as they think il useless to cult
vate the ground in its present condition.
The school picnic given by the
Central school was a very ENJOYABLE
affair The programme reflected much
credit on both teacher (Mr Hodge, and
pupils. AT u m. a bounteous repast
was served. We noticed several familiar
faces from Americas as well as Empo-
ria. About O'Clock the crowd dis
persed, each one feeling it was good to
be there. Miss Laura Moore, of En-
poria, is visiting with her uncle, Mr..
VIM. Hammond. E. The Central literary
society is steadily gaining ground, and
is now one of the best societies In the
+. HANNIs, JR.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
Dow Creek, May II, 1880.

The following from the Commonwealth
of Friday will be of interest to the teach
ers of Emporia and Lyon county.
"The programme of the next meeting
of the state teachers association to bt
held in this city, commencing June 22nd
has been issued. 1t contains the names
of most of our leading school men. The
questions to be considered are live ones
such as the people of this and other
states are now discussing Among them
We note Language Culture" "OuI
State Reform School," THE Quincy
Method, or Personality in Teaching
and What should the proposed State
Constitutional Convention do for the edu.
cational interests of Kansas"
An excursion To Santa Fe and other
places of interest in New Mexico Ia fol
low Immediately the session of the asso
citation has been planned. The very lib.
eral rate of $50 for the round trip has
been secured, this being about one third
the usual fare. Doubtless many of oul
school masters will avail themselves 81
this opportunity To take look at civ
iliZation that is passing swiftly away
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
A Tough Trio.

On Saturday evening Sheriff Craig, of
Clay county, arrived in this city, hav-
ing in custody Yves Brown, Ike Stowe
and George Taylor, three notorious
horse-thieves, who were captured in New
Mexico on the 10Th of April, and have
been in Jail at Las Vegas ever since.
When arrested they had IN their pos
session thirteen horses which they had
stolen from different parties, and it was
subsequently ascertained that they had
sold number along the line of their
operations. The parties who took them
had lively skirnish and a number of
shots were fired by the desperadoes be-
fore they finally surrendered. Taylor is
a desperate character and is known to
have murdered at least one man, if not
more. When Sheriff Craig arrived with
the prisoners at Emporia, he found him.
self out of funds and the cul-
prits were accordingly lodged in our
Jail for safe keeping, where they will
remain until their guards can proceed
with them to Clay Center They can
not be too closely watched or carefully
guarded, and as our Jail is none of
the most secure, We would advise extra
precautions to the end of providing
against all possibility of escape on the
part of such dangerous characters.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
SHERIFF. Sale

7. n. Sedgwick VS.. A. y. Hanna:
Notice Is hereby given that by virtne of an
execution issued out of the fifth Judicial dis
trict court, sitting in and for Lyon county
and state OF Kansas, IN the above entitled
cause and to me directed, will, on Monday
the 2Ith day of May, A. ID. 1880, at 10 O'Clock,
a m, at the front door OF the court mouse ~
fer for sale and sell at public auction to the
highest bidder for cash, all the right, title
the following described real estate, tO-Wit:
The west half of the northwest quarter Of
sect on twenty (20), township twenty (eO) Of
range twelve Q2) east, in Lyon county, Kan.
sas, containing 50 acres; said real estate 70
be sold A. the property Of said defendant, to
satisfy SAID execution. j. b. MOON,
Wits Sheriff of Lyon county, Kansas.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

Stop THAT COUGH-By going to the
reliable and well known drug stand OF
John A. Moore, and buying 81 bottle
of Green Mountain Cough Balsam. If
after using two-thirds, you get no relief
return the balance and get your money
back. See advertisement in this paper
wlOtf.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

On motion same was referred to conn.,
mittee on water works, with instructions
to embody it in ordinance on water
works
On motion OF Mr.. Fox the following
was adopted;
ResOEUed, That whereas, in the opinion
of this council, the water in the supply
well is inadequate to meet the demands
that will in all probability be made upon
said well in case OF fire, now therefore, be
it resolved, that the water works CON-
mittee be and are hereby instructed to
extend the pipe from the T in the well
to the middle or near the middle of the
Cottonwood river, causing gate TO be
placed in the pipe, so that in case of fire
the water can be taken directly from the
river.
An ordinance providing for the pay
ment Of the following claims vas adop,.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

by the most infallible proofs. that
the life principle. the eliminating
germ, is independent of and goes before
all organization, and may therefore sur
vive the wreck thereof and live beyond it,
1t would be vain to dwell upon the
grand and triumphant peroration of this
wonderful man, who has won such no
bic victories for the cause of God in the
world, and has brought the hope of
eternal life to so many faiDting
hearts. 1t is enough to say that
he came to our people with
an evangel which embraces in its com
prehensive scope the incentives for cour-
age and faith in the life which now is,
and the foundation of our hope for that
which is to come.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

ed: Ellen Plumb. stationery, $3.50; j
b. Moon. boarding prisoners, April
$5S .40; March, $14O0; J. NJ. Griffith &
Co, hardware, $36.77; VIM. Evans, work
on streets, s.; W. P. Sexton, balance on
contract for crossings, $27 SO; John
Grotehman. filling wells, $161; james
Means, building sidewalks, $354.25; N.
Brown, balance due for repairing alley,
$25; Russell & Alexander, fire brick,
$102-43; j. Rosenberg, on contract for
water works building, $1,000; g. w.
Bragunier, for freight on hose carts. $50.
The mayor nominated T. Fleming for
marshal Not confirmed: ayes. nays,
5. Adjourned until Thursday evening
next, s O'Clock. E. NJ. FoRDE, Clerk
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

DESIRABLE HOME FOR SALE-HOuse
of seven rooms, five nice closets, hall,
good cellar and pantry. Cistern and
good well at door. House built of very
best materials, by days work, bricked
between plastering and Notwithstanding
to roof, extra braced throughout; one oil
the very best frame houses in the city +;
lot 1OOX170, being 40 feet deeper than or
binary city lots, and well fenced has
shade and fruit trees, blue grass, ever
greens, Strawberries, blackberries and
raspberries; thrifty young elms in front
of lot; stable, wood house, COW shed
house in good condition, in one of the
handsomest locations in the city. Will
be sold at a reasonable price. No trade
will be taken unless it is first-class lum-
Der or other building material, and no
one need apply unless they mean bust
ness. 143tf-20tf. NEWS Co.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
TURF TRIUMPHs.

| Summary of the Races of the First Day
Of the EmPOris Meeting
The attendance at the races Tuesday
afternoon was rather slender, and not
nearly up TO the measure of expectation,
in view of the preparations and the
large number of good horses on the
ground. The track though dusty, was
in fair condition, and tour of the sta
bles and stalls revealed the presence of
some of the best horses which have ever
been brought to this city The races
were close and exciting, and it is graft
flying TO note, did not bear the impress
of being set up or ''fxed,'' as is SO fire.
quently done on occasions of this kind
The following is Il summary of the
races of yesterday, showing the order of
the heats, the winning horses and the
| time:
FIRST RAcE-2.45 CLASS, TRoTTING.
Carrie L., l, l, 1; Little Dick, 2, 2. 2;
Lady COnley, 3, 3, 4; Kitty D., 3, 4, 3;
Wichita Charley, 4. distanced. Time,
2:45, 2:451z, 2:451s.
SECOND RACE-RUNNING MILE AND RE-
PEAT.
Eunice, l, /; Dog Creek Dick, 2, , /.
time, SO, :5615.
THIRD RACE, TRoTTING-THREE MINUTE
CLASS.
Duke, l, ,, g, /; Winship, ., /, 2, 1,
?; Col. B., 3, 5, 3, 3, 3; time, ? IA, 2 :4O16,
2 :4S, 2 :43, 2:44
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
Toledo Topics.
TornDo

TOLEDO, May Ia.
Give us rain; we need it. Farmers
are busy now, and few loafers are found
around the city of Toledo Uncle
Enos Hiatt is visiting friends here.
"Aunt Dinahp visited Americas last
Sabbath, and while there formed the ac
quaintance of Keno. Joseph Wooten
celebrated his 25th birthday last week, the
14th of May, by eating three full meals
and drinking egg lemonade. "A sudden
death occurred in Mr.. Frazier's family
last week. His daughter, aged fifteen,
was taken sick in the morning. and
died during the night. Annie was q
kind-hearted girl and q devoted Chris
tian, and her death will be mourned by
all who knew her Our efficient coun-
~ superintendent, Mr. F. B. Hunt, was
down last week. AUNF DINAH-
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

TRY THE Rocky MOUNTAIN BITTERs.
They give tone to the stomach, stimu-
late the liver, relieve the ever-taxed kid
neys and purify the blood. They create
a healthy appetite, improve digestion,
invigorate the muscular and nervous sys-
TENS and give brilliancy to the mind.
Price, 81. For sale by Trimble & Irwin,
druggists, sole agents for Emporia, Kan.
sas. dS4feb13- 10feb2o
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
A CARD.

to the residents of Emporia and vicinity that he
will shortly open a first class pharmacy with a
good and new stock Of drugs and chemicals
Having had a practical experience Of several
years. and possessing diploma from the Phila-
delphia College of Pharmacy and certificates from
chemical laboratories in New York and Philadel-
phia, he deems himself warranted in asking both
their confidence and patronage In connection
with his stock Of drugs he will also carry a full
line of paints, oils and glass. alne.sw,u
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

The Wichita Guards passed through
EmpOria Sunday afternoon on their
way home from Topeka, where they pre-
sented the Union Spyo on Friday and Sat.
urday evenings. The boys were very
handsomely entertained at the capital,
but their recollections of the place will
probably be more iorcibly influenced by
the fact that they lost $500 on the two
performances.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
Plymouth Points

MAY Il, 1881.
A good rain would be welcomed by
our farmers and everybody generally.
Mr.. Bogue has moved into the Conklin
house. Mr.. and Mrs. S. NJ. Dixon have
gone on visit to their son in Cherokee
county, this state. John Osborn has
returped from an extended visit IN Ohio.
=. Miss Stacks school had picnic on
May day. Several were present, and
all seemed to enjoy themselves. - The
fruit in this pat of the neighborhood
does not seem to be all killed. "A.
Miller is quite sick, but is at present
better. =. Mrs. n. NJ. Carter is here on a
visit to friends and relatives in PIym-
outh, where she was cordially welcomed.
Mr.. Carter has gone TO Colorado this
summer. L Know.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21
SheriRs Sale.


Van McColloch VS.. Thomas Beers and Mary
T. Beers.
Notice is hereby given that by virtue of an
order of sale issued out of the fifth judicial dis
trict court sitting in and for the county of Ly-
cause and to me directed, will, on Monday,
tho 3lst day OF May. 1880, at 10 O'Clock q m, al
the front door of the court house in the city OF
Emporia, Lyon county. Kansas, offer for sale
and sell at public auction to the highest bid
der for cash, all the right. title and interest
of the said defendants in and to the following
described real estate, tO-wit: Lots IS and 81
on Mechanics street. in the city of Emp Jria.
Lyon county, Kansas, Said real estate TO be
sold as the property Of said defendant, Thorn
as Beers, TO satisfy said order OF sale.
j. B. MOON,
w1Sl5 sheriff oF lyon county Kan
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1880-05-21

Invitations have been issued for the
wedding of Chas. s. Cross, of this city.
and Miss Kate Smecd, of Lawrence,
which happy event will take place at
Trinity church, in the latter city, on the
LIST day of June. The great popularity of
the high contracting parties renders this
affair matter of great social interest in
their respective towns.