davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

So long as the head of the Demo
cratic party is at the South and gives
direction and control to all its policy,
the Northern wing will have to SUBJ
NIT to being classed for all political
purposes with the Confederate Briga-
dier-an element hostile in sentiment
to the best interests Of the country.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Health is Wealth I

DIR. Z. c. VESTS NERVE AND BRAIN TREATMENT
specific for Hysterta; Dizziness, Convulsons, Nerv-
SpermatorrhGs, impotency. Involuntary Emission..
abuse, or rtudulgence which leads misery and
death: One box will cure recent cases. Each box
contains one months treatment. One dollar box,
SIX boxes for i've collars sent by mai prepaid on re-
case. With each order received by for six boxes
accompanied with i've dollars, will send the pur-
the treatment does not effect cure. Guarsnte es is
US, Address JOHN C. NEST & CO.. Sole Proprietors
isi 1888 w. Madison ST., Chicago, Ill. Sold by all
STRONG. COBB & CO.. wholesale Agents, o,,o
WOOSTER & ADAMS Agents, Wellington. Ohio
47-ly
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

JUDGE PK1RREPoNr, In his recent
speech Ia New York said: If the South
had lS5 electoral votes instead Of 13s,
do you suppose they would havs nomi-
mated Gen Hancock. Don't our Demo-
cratic friends know that in that event
. Southern Brigadier would have been
nominated, noted for his prominence in
the rebellion.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

IT is now thought that the Republic
cans will get two Congressman from
Georgia and Delaware and Florida, and
one or more from Tennessee, North
Carolina and Virginia. 1t is almost
certain that we shall have majority
In the lower house Of Congress and an
even chance in the Senate.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

This from the Akron Beacon shows
about the size of it:
sZebulon B. Vance. says the South asks
from the North compensation for homes de.
stroyed, farms laid waste and pillaged.
property stolen and slaves released Mr..
Vance Is Ex-Governor Of North Carolina,
and now Democratic Senator from North
Carolins This was said since Hancock's
letter to Theo. Cook, Mr.. Humphrey"
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

THArgreat gun, 1920, that was. going
to blow Gen. Garfield's presidential
prospects into smithereens, kicked out
behind and knocked the Democratic
party SO far, that it has not yet been
able to find it, bearings.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

The ''fraud cry" did not count for
much in last weeks elections. A party
that has made the South solid by fraud
and murder, but for reason Of which
five of them ,would be more certainly
Republican than Ohio is to-day will do
well to speak in whispers when they
again speak of fraud.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

Headquarters for everything in the above
line at J. NJ. Otterbacker's. 1 have one of
largest aud most complete stocks of first
class
HORSE CLOTHING, BUSTERS,
ROBES, ETC,
Which I am Offering at a very low prica; al
so a fine variety of Trunks and Bags, which
were bought before the rise. and will be
sold at former prices. Would say To all
those in need of these goods, give me y call
and see for yourselves. have also a fine
variety Of first-class harness of my own
manufacture. use nothing but frst-clsss
material and supply only the best of work.
men. All work done under my supervision.
J. n. otterbachey.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21


SCIENTIFICLY prepared # Balsam Tolu,
Crystalized Rock Caudy, Old Rye Whisky,
and otner tonics. The Form ila is known to
our best physicians, is highly commended
by them, and the ANALYSIS OF one of our
most prominent chemists, PROF. G. A.
MARINER, of ChicaRo,is on the label Of every
bottle. It is a well known fact to the medi
cal profession that TOLU, ROCK and RYE
will afford the egreatest relief for Coughs,
Colds, Influenza, Bronchitis, Sore Throat,
Weak Lungs, also Consumption, in the IN
cipient and advanced stages of that disea e
1t can be used as q Beverage and for an
Appetizer, making an effective tonic for
Family use. Try 1t, you will find it pleasant
to take, of great service, IL weak or debili.
tated, as it gives strength. tone and activity
to the whole human frame. . -
Put up in quart size bottles for family use
LAWRENCE IL MARTIN, Sole Agents
for the UNITED STATES and CANADAS
Also Importers of Fine Wines. Liquors and
Cigars. Ill Madison street, Chicago.
Sold by druggists and dealers everywhere.
% -Smo. t.- -
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

The news Of the election in New
York sent stocks up per cent. and
Government bonds IL per cent. Mr..
Dimmock a reliable authority says this
was .traceable to the election, directly
ard nothing else.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
ELYRIA.

OCTObER lZ.
This is election day, and Elyria has
polled the largest vote ever cast in this
town. .2S4 Is the vote, being an in
crease of over one hundred.
David Houghton and son of this place,
who are in the Government employ at
Washington, came home to vote.
On last Friday evening the congre-
cation of Rev. w. G. Ward gave him a
happy surprise on his return from Con-
ference.
The speech of General Meyer, DELI
vered here last Tuesday evening, was
one of the most telling and effeclive'of
the campaign. His extensive knowledge
OF the South eminently fits him tor the
discussion of that branch of the present
political issues.
The great event of the campaign, and
in fact, the greatest political demonstra-
ton ever known in this county, took
place last Thursday. From eight tn ter
thousand people were present, and the
meeting was in every respect a great
success. At an early hour the outside
delegations began to come in and at noon
the town was literally packed. A mount
ed escort, consisting of about seventy
five men, led by our two bands, met the
delegations and conducted them to their
places in the procession. The street pa
rade was the longest and most imposing
ever seen in the county. Several Ihous-
aud people were entertained by speakers
in the park, but the grand speech of the
day was that Of Hon. Emory A. StOrrs,
at the Opera House. His speech WAS a
mastery production, unanswerable and
The meeting was, in every
sense, u great success, aud it will be long
remembered as a tield-day for Lorain
County Republicans.
Brother Reefy, of the Constitution,
SAYS that we do ourselves no credit by
calling Senator Doolittle a political
tramp. Well, low, Professor, if you
ever got rs near the truth as we did
then, you would be too tr uthfui a man to
be Democrat.
The Republican majority In this town,
to-day was 557, an Increase of 81.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
A Good Blood Purifier.

KIkBY, Wyandotte Co., o.
DNsS SOL have used your excellent In.
dian Blood syrup for Impure Blood, and
have been much benz ffted thereby. can also
say that for Loss Of Appetite it has equal.
REBECCA KIRBY.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Another Sufferer.

:MANsFIrLp, Richland Co., o.
Dear .Sir:-Having used your I N d 4 q N
Blood Syrup with very beneficial results,
A. MORROW
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
To the Editor Of the ExrxRPRrsr.

To the Editor Of the ESTxRPRrsr.
regret that so disturbed the sensitive
nature OF Colonel Herrick, as 10 have
him place me in a false position before
his chosen candidate, but 1t Is quite
evident he did SO by the answer of
Capt Mcclure, which he saw fit to have
published in your paper last week.
Now said emphatically it was not my
language, but that It was the language
reported to me by ladies and gentlemen
of Black River, as having been used by
my opponent there, and 1 defined my
self so clearly that 1t seems to me
way faring man need not have erred
therein, much less gentleman of Col.
Herrick's intelligence. As to the truth
of the report will now say that still
cannot doubt it, for it was repeated to
me by so many people of undoubted in
tegrity, and when 1 seemed to doubt
they said ic was true, and some other
things they thought perhaps might he
true; which should the Colonel investl-
gate without prejudice there and else
where might arouse his strong temper
ance sentiment to very higk degree
Consistency, thou art a jewell
d. L. WApswoRTH.
[Col. Herrick dad not state anything
different from the way Mr.. Wadsworth
puts it, and McClure's answer ia intend
ed to cover the charge, whether made
by Mr.. w. or any other person.-EDl
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

To the Editor of the ESrrxpR,sx

We wish to be distinctly understood that we do
not hold ourselves responsible for opinions ex-
pressed by our correspondents.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

Hox. D. L. WADswoRTH. In his late
speech inquired whether If the Demo-
Gratis were in power the Republicans
would be willing to let them have
such an advantage rs the law autl,oriz-
ing supervisors Of election would give
them. We answer most decidedly,
yes! II the supervisors were taken
equally from both political parties we
sbould have no fear of being defeated
by them. We regard it as one OF the
best safeguards to the purity OF the
ballot ever devised and hindrance 10
nothirg but dishonesty and fraud.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

TIE Democracy are taking great
pains to convince the North that their
party win never pay any claims 10 dis
loyal persons, and that the South does
not expect or desire 1t, yet when sn
amendment was proposed forbidding IT,
only one Confederats voted for 1t, while
A Confederates in the House voted
against IT, and IL border Democrats
voted With them. Every Republican
voted for It. Oh, but we can
trust the South. They will run the
Government more safely than the North
who preserved it when these same Eel
lows tried to destroy 1t. Are we such
FOOLS A to trust them, and are our
Democratic friends in their right mino
when they try to help them Into power
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
For Asthma.

MANSFIELD, Richland Co., o.
Dear Sir IL was troubled for a long time
with Asthma and Lung Disease, and after tax
ing your valuable Indian Blood Syrup I
was greatly relieved.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Dropsy Cured.

BKLLxvILLE, Richland Co., o.
Dear Siy:-About five years ago I suffered
from Dropsy, and deeply-settled Consumptive
Cough, accompanied with Sick Headache; Your
Indian Hood Syrup cured me, and saved
me scores of dollars.
Mrs. MARTHA REID.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
A. q. & G.. T.. COUCH.
II. 3. Hamlin.
Headquarters For
Feed,
ALL KINDS OF GRAIN

ALL KINDS OF GRAIN
Has on sale new Brand of Flour of
absolutely the best quality in top.. at
the same price you pay for =
kinds. Try it, and get rid of tnct b
of the family, bad bread.
Farmers having grain stoAd -
member that this is the place TO gss tn E
highest market price for !. il cash.
They should also remember Lat il Or
der to continue to raise gool crops they
must apply fertilise-s to their lanGs.
SUPERPHOSPHATES
have been proved to be tn, n cst d ,w-
ertul, best aud cheapest ferti izc in ,hc
market. Made by experienced and
liable manufacturers, prepared as
plant food by the best known proces s,
it is the standard fertilizer; causin :
immediate and lasting fertility, and is
perfectly adapted to all crops. Call
and get circulars.
Warehouse South of Ry., Depot,
Ain. 33-tf Wellington, Ohio.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
All that Il 10 Recommended to Be.

MANSFIELD, Kichland Co., o.
Dear.Sir:-Ihave used your reliable Indian
Blood Syrup and found it to be just
ommended. 1t cured me of Lung Affections.
HENRY wEATHERBY.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Disease OF the Lung. and Liver.

MANSFIELD, Richland Co., o.
Dear .Sir:-I have used your excellent I'm.
dian Blood Syrup for Diseases of the
Lungs and Liver, and have received such bene-
ht from it that would not be without the med
u ~ DOUGLASS
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

IA OUTFIT furnished free, with full Instructions for
VAM conducting the most profitable business that
NH any one can engage IN. The business Is so
OVO easy TO learn, and our instructions sim
ple and plain that any one can make great
pronts from the very start. No can fail who is
wiling 20 work Women are successful a. men.
Boys and girls can earn large sums; Many have made
NJ the business over one hundred dollars In o single
week. Nothing like Il known before. All who
engage are surprised at the and rapidify with
winch they are able TO make money You engage
& ms G business @ during your spare time at grat pront
the risk Those who need ready money should write
70 us at once All furnished free Address TRUE Co.
Augusta, Maine. 3-Iys
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
CUREDI

by faithful use of the Magic Pile Pills.
If vour druggist has not got them, we
will send ..-. ~
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Liver Complaint and Dyspepsia.

BLUFFToN, Allen Co., o.
Dear Si,-I was afflicted with Dyspepsia and
Liver Complaint for ten years, and a short trial
me more relief than all the doctors treatment
have received during that time.
T. WILLIAMS.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21

on receipt of price-SI. Remember the
name, Magic Pile Pills, and take no
other. STRONG, COBB & CO.,
CT. veland. Ohio.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
sur. Cur. for Liv.r CompIaint.
Mrs. SAMUEL SHAFFER.

BKLLEvILLE, Richland Co., o.
Dear .Sjy:-This is to certify that have used
ment of the Liver and Blood, and it effectually
cured me.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Edwin Eastman in Indian Costume.

Edwin Eastman in Indian Costume.
SEVEN AND NINE YEARS ANoNe THE CoNANcHBs
AND APAcHEs. A neat volume Of 800 pages,
being a simple statement Of the horrible facts
connected with the sad massacre of Q helpless
family, AID the captivity. tortures and ultimate
escape OF Its two surviving members. For sale
by our agents generally. Price S1.o0.
The incidents OF the massacre, briefly narrated,
arc distributed by agents, FREE OF charge.
Mr.. Eastman, being almost constantly ut tho
West, engaged in gathering and curing the materi-
a!s OF which the medicine IS composed. the sole
business management devolves upon DR.. johnson,
and the remedy has been called. and IL known a.
DR.. Clark Johnson's
INDIAN BLOOD PURIFIER.
Price Of Large Bottles e1.o0
Price Of Small Bottles SO
Read the voluntary testimonials Of persons who
have been cured by the of DR.. Clark Johnsons
indian Blood Syrup. in your own vicinity.
Testimonials of Cures.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Liver Complaiut.

.l.s T--. NoRwALK, Huron Co., o.
Dear .Sir.-Being troubled with Liver Com
plaint. tried numerous remedies without re-
lief. At last was induced to try your Indian
Blood Syrup, short trial of which cured
me. l have also its beneficial results
among my friends, and can, therefore, recon-
mendit.
Mrs. N. WHEELER.
The Wellington enterprise. [volume] (Wellington, Ohio) 1867-188?, 1880-10-21
Very Excellent Medicine.

CLxvxLAND, Cuyahoga Co., O.
Dear .Sr.-Being troubled with Pain in the
Back and Kidneys, and scalding of the Urine,
commenced using the great Indian BlOOd
Syrup, which has given me great relief.
can recommend il as a very valuable remedy.
MRS. Z. B. ECGERDINGER.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1880-01-05
uANCHESTER AND VICINITY.

Brief HemS.-The grand jury for the
next term Of the Hastings Court has been
drawn. The list comprises twenly-iour
names. and six Of the grand Jurors are from
each OF the different wards.
Hull street Saturday was thronged win
country vehicles OF various kinds. Con-
siderable country produce was brought here
and disposed Of. A.
The special Finance Committee OF the
City Council is expected TO meet al Tue
Council chamber tomorrow night.
meeting is expected 10 be held IN thls
city in aid OF the Irish sufferers. Tbere are
a great many Irish people In this vicinity
who are deeply interested in the movement
The Chesterfield County Court VIII mee'
next Mond,y, at which time the newly
elected Judge will preside.
The Free bridge, Notwithstanding n'
rough condition, is as well pasronlzeu Us II
has ever been.
Tue business done at the Manchester posi-
Office during the past year was coDslderap,
larger than il was the year previous M
Robert Beattie Is postmaster.
The public schools will resume WORK ~
day. A.. ov, ,arm n
the Hustng, Court promises to DC unusu
ally small. ,ooa p,r,;s
II is expected that the colored bapsls sn'
church Of this city, which has recently oee'
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1880-01-05
Anpther Appeal for stricken Trei.. md
RIcHMoSD, January 8, 1880.

y
Editors Of The Dispatch Encouraged
the sympathy expressed on all sides by per-
sons Of every creed and nation for the suf-
ferng in Ireland, l venture TO make final
appeal, which feel sure you viii be kind
enough 10 publish for sweet cbarity's sake.
The heart would be bard indeed that
would not be touched at the grievous re-
ports which are daily arriving Of the want,
the hunger, and the cold, which are abroad
among the stricken people, and at the
piteous cries for help from America which
accompany the tale OF woe. Already great
meetings have been held in the north
ern and western cities, at which im-
mense sums have been raised, and yet
we are assured that "no amount OF private
charity will suffice" so great is the distress.
This is the reply Of one OF Ireland's greate>t
bishops to Cardinal Mannipg, who had just
sent him thousand pounds. The Duchess
Of Marlborough has raised more than eight
thousand pounds; ko great portion OF
The population Of Ireland is without food,
and how long Will even this fund last the
thousands who are to be fed from it? In
The nnme OF humanity. then LEI us set aside
politics, and only concern ourselves with
charity. Let us think OF the once strong
men who see their dlrlngs-tbeir wives
and little Ones-dyng, starving before their
eyes, and who have not the pow er to pre-
vent it; no food, no fire, no work
TO be obtained nothing but q most horrible
death awaiting them. Alas How can we
stop to dispute or wrange in such a dire
extremity ?-how do anything but help
those helpless ones? Did not the money
which was poured by the North into the lap
OF the fever-stricken South give death-blow
to the bitterness which fingered after the
war! And shall Ireland, TO whose poor
America has always been as the Promised
Land, be ungraiefuly No. We may say Of
this great charity as Shakespeare says Of
mercy, that
y droppeth rs the gentle rain from Heaven
Upon the place b. eneaih; II Is twice blessed:
IL blesseIh Him that gives and him that takes"
a mass-meetiDgis to lie held at Mozart Hall
on Tuesday night to express our sympathy
and give substantial impetus to this beneti-
cent work. and it is certain that the people OF
Nirginia-the most generous and hospitable
OF States-wi!l not fail TO extend TO suffer
ing Ireland a helping hand in the time Of
her sad aflliction. TO this gathering, then,
let all 90 with their purse.strings loOsened
and charity in their souls.
Mrs. JOHN A. PIZZINI.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1880-01-05

POLICE CoURT-JuStiCe j. j. Wh1e pre-
Sidinq.-The following cases were disposed
Of Saturday:
Robert Cayedo, James Batto, William Dwy =
or. and James Slatery were charged wit II
disturbing the congregation OF Nlehoiso -
Street Methodist Episcopal church DUR NJ
divine worship. Cavedo was diseharP ed.
The Others were fined 50 each and senle' leed
TO one hour in Jail.
Mary Jackson (colored), charged with
Keeping in her possession one bt OF jewel
nv. the property OF Mary Bell. Disc larged.
Alexander Richardson, delsJeret up by
his bondsmen. Committed 10 a. .iswer at
next term OF the Hastings Cobrt.
Martha Hudson and FanniePe gram doth
colored), trespassing upon abe premises OF
and threatening to assault and beat Marga
ret Shirley. Pegram dischar ,ed; Hudson
| fined 50.
Sheppard Cox (coloreSh. assauting an(
beating Martha Hudson. I Discharged.
Thomas Campbell "a trI Dp). Disch 'rged
Maggie Jones (colOTsO Jisorderly in th
street. Fined g.
Mary Oakley (cosor :d), charged will
stealing bed-cothps u ON James Langle.
and Mrs. Fox. Coati' lued to Monday next
William Smith. j. ,ck Powers. and WI
liam Wilson, charge d with breaking Int
the brig Francis j. ,hn, and stealing one bsl
OF coffee, the pIOt Jerty OF Davenport " Nor
ris, were sent 90 to the Hastings Court.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1880-01-05
-yrps, WTYsLowS sOOTHL@sYRUP

REV. SSEvASUS Co.'s thus writes-in the Boston
Christina Freeman We would ~ no means re-
=ay kind Of medicine wAia we dld no!
know 10 be sood-pa,Scularly for .afants. But cf
,Mns. RINsLow's, SOOTHING SYRUP we cin
speak iron knowlf,tse; In our o"4A family II ihS
proved blessing itsi.ed, by giyiss an infant tr'r
bud ~sh collie paIas quiet sleep an It's parents aSr
broksa rest at usaL Most parents can appreciate
the E blessings Here is an article which wofsS 10
perfecteH. and Nmch Is hath1ess: Tor Inc s'c1p
which II snord, ihe Infant Is 2eriec'y ha'uts'' a,
| tho Ittie cb.r7is awakes as bright as a hslton'
And during the process Of estaing IT'S valW Is in'
! calctiable Ne have frequeaby heard mothers say
Ihev would NOT be without y tiom The oi-In oil iht
,ltld IN Il mad finished with the teehin. sbge @
auv consideration whateyeR Sold By all drVRsl'ls
| Twenty ave cents a bottle, de 5L-e0"i"
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1880-01-05
AMERICAN WORN Specific
SYMPTOMS OF WORMS.
VERMlfUGE

I'll, .app,erarce {, pale and lesdcn'colored, with
.,...,,n.l eu,hcs or circumscrbed spot on one or
,.,b eserls: the eyes become dull; the pupils
sr... s,Brc sercircle runs along the lower eye
rl. tie nose Is irriiated. swells' sE1 sometimes
.le,a.: a swelling Of the upper lip; occasional
tesI,ele. with humming or throbbing Of the ears; 4;
A. uDasual secretion Of saliva; Shiny or furred
,oryu,; breath very foul, particularly in the morn
log. spre,lte variable. sometimes yoracious. with
Aknswlpg sensation Of the stomach, at others en-
tirely eoge: feetiRr pains in the stomach; occa-
s,eu, nausea and vomiting; violent pains through
ON, III, abdomen: bowels irregular, at times co'iive;
yoo,. ,limy, not unfrcquently ,inRed with blood |;
belly swollen aud hard; urine turbid; respiration
oeeesgouagy difficult, and accompanied 10y hic-
cough; cough sometimes dry and convulsive; un-
s,y and disturbed sleep, with grinding of the
te.h temper variable, but generally irritable &c.
Whenever he above symptoms are found TO exist
DIR. {. MCLANL'S VGRMIFU6E
WILL CERTAINLY EFFECT a CURE.
IT BOKs not CONTAIN MERCURY
many form. Il IS an innocent preparation, not ca
pslle II doing the slightest injury TO tie most
"a Ter iDlGHi.
The genuine DIR. MCLANE's VERMIFUGE bears
hthgr,uros Of c. MCLANE and FLEMING BROS
t1ue wrapper.