New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1880-07-18

t tam and SO he has TO pay the haratch. The
baratch is eapitation-tax, paid to the otteinl
Porte by all rayahs. that is by all male nhueis
above the of ten, excepting priests the n,nr S
| the blind. and the paraiytic. For what says tne
Koran' Eight against those VINO iorp,a M, w nra'
fess not the true religion OF those unto whom .e
book has been delivered until they pay sr'p "i
| and be brought low In the middle OF the SIX
tccnth century, the whole revenue of Turkey was
not much more than millions Inns TAX on inaie
inidels then yielded about three anu nan a idI
Our Greek neighbor on the next farm Is an idle,
| swagScrine Albanian whose military or rather
predatory tastes have found him seine grace IN the
eye of the landlord but, idle though ne Is. he Is
| hotter on than our plodding Greek. lie has no
| haratch TO pay and why lie has embraced the
| Mohamnledan religion. All.
The Greek is poor man. then but In uiis
| on,et conntry life he may at least have happy
nome. Consong himself with this reflection. me
traveller sroils to the village, when his attention
| il attracted by n remarkable sight Remember that
| onr scene is laid about the year 1860. The wnoie
place is in STIR, The open place IN ihc middle ~
The village rs full of people. Huddled on one sl1e
| of il are the Greeks OF the villaee-the men pale
and stern, the women with tears streaming aoMn t
their faces and wunging their hands III the
anguish, else lnotiohess, rs II siupeheu. vi tle
other side of the open space stand some urhi s
ofiiccrsthe commissioners sent thi'her ny wv. :nu
Pasha of Eubea. TO whose government the Dboulhln
| Village belongs small armed force surrounds
them. Before the Turkish officers stand th9 uIcck
elders of the vage-old men silent, Win t ,hcir
| breasts. Behind the old men stahd an INC nnai1
children of tie village between the ages OF SIX ahn
| The NlllGgc, Wltn ilS uSiiiN''
Mace and perhaps there may be some thirty OF these
male children between SIX and nlnc AFTER eai re
full scrutiny the Turkish officers pick out sX OF the
What Was to be done with those Christian
| children in the year of grace 1860
They were to be sent-alODg with numerous OF
! others from many scores of vllages-to CONSTANT
nople AT Constantinople they were 10 be dlstrip-
utcd through four large Goieggs anu m 6nnsebod
slaves CT the Sultan. Thenceforth they were 10 DO
separated from every tie OF country ana Oh lat t;
| a. they grew up some passed into the domestic
| service OF the palace the pashas Few OF the
most intelligent were trained for posts III the al
| mnstraton; those of the strongest phys,qne were
enrolled in the of the Janiss9rles Inc mosaic
| law excluded the stranger and the inred servant
from the Passover but admitted the servant noneh
with money. Just so the Janlssarics as housenolu
slaves stood in closer relation to the Sultan tah
any of his free troops. Tue Janlssares were
originally cehbatc soldiers vowed to the service OF
thc Pron6et and the Sultan. They were the peculiar
instrument oi Ottoman conquest foT ions P'i!pI"
tho Janssarics were chiefly recruited If'ln INC
| tribute of male children which wan levled,
| once in every four years the Christian
| Greeks The child-triSutc was abolished by tne
Porte in 1887, partly because agreu r,I be Coe
| lLe increase OF the Mussulnan population nad
made the Porte independent OF TINS recrut Lni
| source for the army The Janssarles' too Ii'l
| ocouired not only the right TO marry, but also,
from 1866, the right to enroll their sons III the
corps. and had become jealous, OF admlttne the
creek tribute children. 1t would be easy to argue
that the childtrbute was really AMER an IL NS!y
fine thing for the Greeks. No doubt IL opened 10
| IN
| tLcy could have had If they had stayed III theH
| villages Very possibly some struggling parents
may have lecn well content 10 nave Il ron en-, -.
on their hands on such terms III Is n"' so s'4 90 ~
| say how many homes that tribute must have, lelt
| dcso,te, how many hearts 1t must nave oLoktn,
and most certainly it was fatal to All lhe netfi
| homes of the nation. The manhood OF lOrhlehleu
people can fight against every plague OF EsypI eA
cept the last; but thtre could De no iui"ie n oT
| Greece while every household III the land, where
the voice of children was heard lay emHeI NE I'll ~
tnual shadow of power more appalling , ia ,me
| ANGEL of Death. Il power which not only rehI
asllnter The bonds of national loyalty and OF maui,
raj affection. but which forced parent ana uilI5u
alike 10 believe That III ms worlu anu ~ nv 1Is
to come they wore divided by al impossible abyss
The Greek revolution which began III ISL was
| NOT n suddcn instruction to which the people
were stung by maddening wrongs; 1t was tic
! necessary result of a movement which had Deeh
growing for mere than century. AS soon as inc
Greek race came to comprehend their position and
70 bo capable of concerted action it was certain
that they must rise and in the last century three
! causes went to give them this light and power the
organization of a service of highly educated Greek
officials under the Sultlns; the extension of Greek
commerce; and literary revival of the Greek
language. stimulated by few able men who saw
that the first step toward the recovery Of independ
encc WAS TO iii The Greek language once more to be
come the organ of national mind.
The Greek Revolution, springng from deep gen
era causes delivered part Oh the creek race rom
enrs icr, We're once more free creeks bound to
the old Greeks by ties OF race, characer ana IAN
guage The Greek nationality, like the jewish
nationality has never been crushed out. But there
is n SINAI difference The jew has acclimatizcd
mmscl 20 the political atm9sherI OF every epui,S
in which he has been admitted to equal c1Xlc
rights The Greek has never done this. he
(;iccll has never been abb 10 draw his political
breath freely under any pol lcai system Whlch was
moi Greek The Gree!, has been the loyal SUBJECT
or the able servant of Foreigners qut lie has never
berone in mind and heart their fellow citizen; for
| L.. rpnin he IA
! no more nut off than he can put on ms SKIN, tnc
innate dist motion of his Hellenic character This
has been So whether the foreign influence was
welded hv Roman or 10y Ottoman. by Venice or ny
Russia by France OF by Great Britain; ana II
will be so To the end
The second lecture contains agreeable nara
tive of A tour in Greece in 1873. Professor Jebb
fonnd Athens q handsome and prosperous city OF
40 ooo inhabitants besides 10000 in the Peirausl,
| with new public buildings in the purest taste,
many fine private houses-the houses of Greeks
who have made fortunes abroad and have returned
10 enjoy their wealth III their own country; hand
some boulevards and n general aspect of ne&tness.
But the groves which Phedrus sought on the banks
of the issns the bowcry haunts of the nightingale
nv the Ccplisus. which Sophocles celebrates. have
dwindled or disappeared. From May to August
| thc one thing which Athens Graves III VAIN is
shade The destruction of wood II Greece has
hecoue serious misfortune, drying zip the water
courses and diminishing the rainfall. TO the great
injury of the climate. Travelling even i'll the best
months of the year. is attended with many discom-
forts The roads deplorabe, and there are few
inns except in the .coasttowns. The tourist who
would see the provinces must employ dragoman'
who provides riding horses, and usually carries a
complete canteen trusting to the villages only .or
the stape articles of food. eggs, chickens and
! | bread sometimes lamb and fruit. Our dragoman,
whose Christian name Was Miltiades. deserves a
portrat by better artist; he had lived some years
in the service of an Englishman, and had certain
fixed beliefs, which nothing could disturb, with re-
: gard TO British usages and the British character
his views of the English language, though limited,
IL L tin eli tnrQ OF