The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1880-05-06
miscellaneous.
A WORLD ON PAPER.
What MAS Found In q Hornets NeSt-One' Ihhu
Of the Product Made in America

edly the pioneer in the paper business
and to this despised insect the Herald Is
disnosed TO award ample credit. The
wasp made his paper, too, very much
the same way that his human imitators
do to-day, using often the very same
material and producing in his rude way
a species of paper nearly as delicate as
the finest tissue grades. Who will say,
therefore, that nature is not great
teacher? Spiders were spinners Of IN
tricate webs before cloth was invented,
the silk worm discloses to the world a
mine of industry and wealth which 1t is
impossible to estimate, and the beaver
rave to man his earliest and most Valu'
able lessons in dam building. 1t ls re-
corded in history that in 67Ol b. T.,
Numa, who lived three hundred years
before Alexander, left several works mp
nm papyrus, and that this is probably
the earliest authenticated use OF this ma.
terial. As far back as 1900 years ago the
Chinese are thought to have discovered
how to make paper from fbrous matter
reduced to pulp in water. About the
wear 7O6 A. D., an Arabian mandatory
of paper from cotton was established. In
I15l the Spaniards manufactured from
cotton various kinds Of paper scarcely
inferior in quality to those made from
linen rags. Linen paper seems to have
been first used in England about the
wear 1912, and it gradually suppIanted
That made of cotton. The French erected
their frat paper mills in 1914, and the
Germans began the manufacture at not
mnch later date. Johr Tate built the
first paper mills Of England at Hartford,
1893. But France supplied England with
most of her paper, until Louis AlN'
drove out the Huguenot manufacturers,
many of whom, after emigrating to Eng
land, began making a fine white paper
not produced before in that country,
where from that time the paper interest
enlarged and prospered, until soon more
than enough of the material was manu-
factured to cover home consumption.
The ancient hanging of tapestry was su,
perseded about the year 1910 by wall
paper of beautiful designs.
In 1928 a patent was granted to erect
the first paper mill in New England,
which went into operation in Milton,
Mass, in 1880, but was discontinued al
ter several years and revived again IN
1860 The first paper mill in the United
States, however, was erected near Phila'
delphia in 1890. The Milton mill is sup.
posed to have been erected by Daniel
Henchman, an enterprising bookseller of
Boston. About the year 1878 Christie
pher Lefiingwell established the first
paper mill in Connecticut at Norwich.
In l77O the number of paper mills in
Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware
was 40, and the value of their annual
product estimated at 100000, At the
beginning OF the Revolutionary war Mas
saChusetts had three small paper mills
New Hampshire none, Rhode Island one,
out of repair. Paper was very scarce
and very poor in quality
The process pursued for generations In
Europe was substantially followed until
1859, when cylinders with sharp stee
blades for tearing rags-invented IN
Holland-began to be used in other
countries instead of the slow working
and tedious stampers heretofore used to
reduce rags to pulp. In 1890, while the
wife of an English paper maker was busy
with her usual washing, in passing a vat
in which pulp for her husbands paper
lay in an advanced state of preparation,
she accidentally dropped therein a bag
containing powdered blue. The hus'
band, however, made the colored pulp
up into paper, which proved 80 superior
in quality that he obtained four shillings
extra for it in the London market; and,
thus, Curiously enough, the process Of
bluing paper was discovered. But the
most important discovery, Ole destined
to develop an epoch in the history CT
paper making, came out in l779, when
Louis Robert, a common workman in
paper mill at Essonne, France, frat mas.
tered the principle of making paper in
an endless web by machinery. But it
was reserved for Messrs. Henry and
Sealy Fourdrinier, wealthy London book
sellers and stationers, who, in 1904, pur.
chased the patent.right for Great Britain,
to make the invention widely known to
the world and to greatly improve it, and
to-day the principal paper machine used
still bears the name Fourdrinier. By
the old hand process three months were
needed, dating from the day the rags
came into the mill in which to complete
the paper ready for delivery; by the
Fourdrinier the same amount of work
may be done in day. John Ames, of
Springfield, Mass, il 1922 invented a
celebrated cylinder machine, which is
now used on all coarse papers.
1t is an undisputable fact that fully one
third of all the paper used in the world
is manufactured in the United States,
and a very large proportion of this
amount is produced from mills in Mas
saChusetta. After the Ames, of Spring.
field, could no longer be called the larg.
est paper manufacturers in the United
States, that honor fell to Platner & Smith !
of Lee. At the present time, however,
HolyOke enjoys the proud distinction. |
The talk there is all paper, the ss me as |
it is all ores and mines in Leadvilie, or
wheat in Chicago or politics in Wash
ington. 1t was not until as late as 1853 |
that the hr5t paper mill was erected In
Holyoke, and to day she manufactures
more iue writing paper than any other
half.dozen cities and towns in the world
combined. The annual product of the
paper of the country amounts to $40, 500
tons-about 1880 tons daily. 1t is esti
mated that, Of wood pulp paper alone,
$4,000 tons per year are made. The total
exports of the last fiscal year equaled |
ST. ,293,3l2. having grown from the com
paratively insignificant sum of $3,777 in
1860, while our imports have dwindled |
down from the maximum of 81 1926, 460 in
papers of all kinds in 1873. Our paper
mills--927 in number-represent cap.
ital Of at least $lOOOOO,OOO. and employ |
$4,000 persons, who are paid in salaries
about 81 900 900 The entire paper in.
toy. or innlpAinr, 70 vriy,kiun,