The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1880-09-16
AGRIcULTURE.

,welve OF corn with the patent Gwo-
horse grower" But II the garden Is
long and narrow, and planteu III rows,
not beds, the plowinR ana narrowing
and most Ut The marking and cultivation
can be done with the Team, and u very
httle time eaoh week Will give us The
essentials. The perennial or permanent
vegetables, like asparagus, rhuDarb,
etc., ana AL berry plants and bushes
should be at one stoe or both in rows
with spaces tor horse cultivation, and
Lne long rows OF annuals down through
Tie middle. A row each OF .beeLs,
onions, Swedes. celery, cabbages, oaull-
uoWers. ana satisfy, and half Y row
each OF cueumbers, squashes. melons,
tomatoes, radishes ana lettuce, will 40
nicely, anu two rows each OF peas I'm
successlon), Lima beans, sweet corn aud
early potatoes will MAKE out quite
respectable farmers garden--all that
most farmers can Afford co plant anu
I'LL. Then TWO or three hours eAuh
week with horse and man and culti-
vator ana hoe, will make a far better
garden really than as many days of a
gardener with spade and hoe, working
on patches and beds and alleys, laid OUT
to please the eye. II you can afford
the latter, all right. Most farmers cam
not, and tho row plan described is, l
think, the only ono likely to secure good
kitchen-gardens Oh most farms. II the
garden is unfenced except from the
road, and these garden rows can be
joined on to rows of corn or potatoes
in an adjacent field. the garden is sure
Of tillage at least when the field gets 1t,
and the extra labor Is little felt. And
it Is easier to fence the (ools than the
vegetables.
FRUIT.-1t Is quite feasible for the
farmer who Intends to cultivate fruit
extensively to grow his own trees from
the seed. Apple and pear seed may be
planted in the fall. The ground should
be plowed now, after coat of manure,
and should be kept in mellow condi-
tion until the seed is put In. This
should be done late in the fall, in drills
two and half feet apart and three
inches deep. The seed Is obtained from
fresh pomace at a cider mill, the seed
separated by washing IN water. If
sand be mixed with the seed to take up
the moisture 1t can be distributed more
readily. The best soil is deep, rich,
clay loam-sandy soil encouraging the
growth of lateral roots Instead Of the
long tap desired In stocks. Pear seed is
found much more difficult to manage
than the apple, 1t very frequently ly-
Ing dormant the first season, coming
up nicely the next. When the young
plants como up in the spring they
should be thinned out to six inches
apart and the ground be kept we'll
worked with the cultivator tho whole
season and also during the next year,
when they will be three feet high, and
as large as pipe stems. The advantages
Of raising ones own trees arc thus sum-
med up: They are more sure to grow,
as the roots do not undergo any change
OF climate or soil, and being set out In
the orchard the same day they arc
raised from the nursery, are not cx-
posed to the air to dry and wither, which
Is often the case with those brought
from a distance. BY choosing your
scions and doing yourOw graftIng, you
are sure what variety Of frnit your
trees will yield. Besides it is much
cheaper; you can supply your neigh
Dors ut profit, your trees IN the end
costing nothing whatever.
How TO SAVE THE WHEAr.-Many
farmers have put their wheat In the
barn, or stacked it when it was noc
sufficiently dry, but not much injury is
likely to come from this cause. The
dampness ls absorbed by the chafr and
straw, and the grain does not suffer
materially, especially in dry weather.
Othor farmers have has tened to thresh
their wheat, and have stored the grain
In bins and barrels, where 1t is almost
certain to be ruined, if not turned and
exposed to the air. Mr.. Post, the Cort-
land miller, has two large upper floors
Of his mill covered with new wheat a
foot deep, and he has been shrvcling
1t over daily for some time past, to cX-
pose 1t to the air, and allow 1t to dry.
Such precaution Is needed in every
case after threshing new wheat which
has not been lain In the barn or stack
long enough to dry before thrcshIng.
Mr.. Post states that we'll Stacked lime,
sprlnkled over wheat when it Is stacked,
Is great preventive of dumpncss. The
lime absorbs the moisture, ana protects
the wheat from injury, and mas no
deletcrious effect on the flour. Lame
used In the Same way on hay is much
preferable to salt, especially if the hay
the moisture, while lime has the oppos-
ite effect. 1t should be thoroughly
Stacked, and about as much of 1t shoulCN
be used as is generally used Of salt In
stacking. TO our readers who have
now wheat In bins or other places
where 1t Is not we'll aired, we say,
spread 1t out without delay, and give it
chance to dry. Otherwise, there will
be much loss, and bad bread for some
body to eat.
SOWING WALNUTs AND IlICKoR1Es.- -
There are many persons deslrous of
raising seedlings Of walnut and other
hard-shellcd seeds, who fail and won der
v hy they fail. The fault is often their
own. 1t Is the practice of many to
keep such seeds on the barn floor or drv
in barrels through the winter, sowing
them in the spring. Now we all know
that seeds OF the kind mentioned must
crack open before they grow, and some
know that it Is tho moisture that does
this cracking. Moisture, then, Is what
these seeds want, more or less. Some
have thought hat Is the frost that cracks
open the shells, but frost Is an injury
rather than otherwise, tending to dry
out the shells, the opposite Of which Is
desired. 1t is we'll to put hard.shclled
seeds in the ground in the fall, or keep
them In damp place through the win
ter and then sow in tho spring, but
whore neither of these thing5 have been
md 10 Il Il q,