The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1880-10-14
''AGRIcuLTURE.

I'lIE HORSES BREAsT.--Supposing
the team to be- in the very best possible
plight for a heavy seasons work, if o
badly fitted collar be put into uso, the
favorable condition referred to will
count Tor no considerable sum as a
factor IN the springs work. When it
is considered that every pound OF Garth
moved by the plow or disturbed by the
harrow or seod drill, and every rod
traversed by the reaper or wagon.
comes by power obtained by direct
pressure upon the horses breast, the
Importance Of looking to tho surface
which performs SO important part,
first, last and all the time, should be
apparent. 1t Is the heavy and con-
sLant pressure upon the breast in plow-
ing that endangers the breast OF the
horse. There is no lot up of the pres
sure, as in propelling the wagon, for
In the latter case, when tho load goes
down al incline, the collar leaves the
breast, giving Il little respite from the
pressure, allowing the skin and hair TO
part with It's moisture, aud the shoul-
ders to take rest. But in blowing
there is no such chance of relief. The
pressure Of collar IL q grinding, heat
and swent producing process, anu If Its
surface is not absolutely smooth, and
its texture The most even and plinDle
that 1t Is possible to secure, tue surface
will soon show the effects, and your
lifted horse is quite unit for ork.
At the time of shedding the spring coa'.
the horse IS much more liable to collar
gall than at any other time, because the
skin IL made sensitive by shedding the
hair. Many farmers practice careful
washing OF the breast, morning and
evening, In cold salt water. 1t is be-
lieved that this--using common
phrase -hardcns the skin. There can
hardly be any doubt OF its beneficial
influence. BY keeping tho breast
bathed in the manner named, and the
surface Of the collar smooth ana clean,
the breast can generally be kept clear
OF harm. Yet as stated, piOwing Is the
trying work, and during the season
for this, unusual vigilance will be in
order. 1t is only now and then that
you find Il colla--makcr who in evt ry
respect makes first class collar. Hunt
this man out and buy OF him.
GRAPE VINEGAR AND CIDER VINEGAR.
Vinegar from grapes may be made AS
follows: The wine Is stirred INTO Il
large tun which contains lees, and
when thoroughly mixed is squeezed
by pressure through cloth sacks into
an iron-bound vat, whence, after STAN
ding some hours. It is drawn of into
casks Tor fermenLing- These casks
have only IL small opening ut the top,
and are kept at II temperature OF II TO
S6 degrees Fahrenheit. After four
lccn or fifteen days, the vinegar, now
formed, is drawn or Cautiously, 30 as
not to disturb the scdimonO into bar
rcls which contain brentwood chips.
This clarifies 1t, and alter standing Il
few days it may be syphoncd OIL into
the casks in which it is To remain.
The residue, containing ''m0thcr," is
employed to fcrmentall the subsequent
J q1or by simply pouring the latter
in,o tho cask that was used previously.
TO make vinegar from elder, the fol-
lowing recipe IL recommended: Place
IN the cider barrel Il small piece OF
bread soaked in vinegar, or else Il piece
Of sour dough. Add about pint Of
vinegar, and set the barrel in Il warm
place GO to So degrees Fahrcnheit)
Malt will produce the snlne effect rs
the dough, and so will yeast or lean
meat. he vinegar will clarity itself
by settling, and Oh being drawn Off
from the top by means Of Il syphOn, II
clear liquid is obtained. 4 good table
vinegar may be obtained by Iissolving
three pounds OF white sugar in gal
ION OF wafer and Iermenting with
yeast.
THE POULTRY IAKD.-The value of
pure hlOous is now we'll established.
This month Is good time to clear ont
the old mixed fowls and procure few
specimens Of ono OF tic best sorts:
both tile pleasure and profit Of poultry
raising will be increased by raising
some one OF more OF the select brOuu.
WASrs nests are frequently ignitcd
ny some chemical action, supposed to
DC that OF the wax upon the papcr-likc
substances of which the nests are form
cd. Sp0nstancous combustion OF this
nature Is believed to have been the
cause OF many mysterious fires In hay
stacks and farmers buildings.