davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
What Chewing Gum is Made of.
 From the Cincinn.ti CommerciaI,l

We have it upon common report that chew ing gum is substance well known to the youthful part of the community. The qual- ities which it possesses at the time that 1t comes from the confectioner are all familiar to the youngest of us. It eertainly seems 8 is not so hard to find. Think how much eat ing there is in it in proportion to actual weight and cash value. But there is more in chew ing gum than is dreamt of even in juvenile philosophy. One can easily comprehend the main ingredients of candy, but who, without being told, would suspect that chewing gum is often only refined product of petroleum. The time was when the fragrant spruce fur nished the most common material for the purpose. But this is no longer the case. The reader familiar with the processes of refining coal oil is aware that the thick, brown liquid which comes from the earth at one stage of it's manufacture is strained through heavy linen cloths. The residuum left after this operation is dirty, brownish yellow wax that smells abominable. That unpromising sub- stance, melted, bleached, deodorized and pre- pared for commerce, appears in masses that weigh about 100 pounds, resembling oblong blocks of cIouded ice. It has no odor and no taste except what belongs to any WAX in its purest state. It may be used for many pur- poses, but it is not necessary to describe them now. The manufacturer of chewing gum purchases these blocks ready made to his hand, and at once melts them down. To 200 pounds of wax he adds thirty pounds of sugar, and gives the mixture flavor by the use of some essential oil, as lemon or vanilla, and, perhaps, adds some coloring matter. The melted mass is poured out on a clean marble slab and cut in the various shapes known to mastifcators.
 The youthful epicure rarely becomes so luxurious as to demand balsam of tolu, but if he does, the manufacturer is ready for him. This rosin, which is obtained from South America, is at first in an almost fluid condi- ton. It is the product of 8 tree known as now hold your jaw, for the name Is worse than whole box of chewing gum-myra- spermum toluiferum. This balsam is boiled by the manufacturer until finally itis brought to such Q consistency that it can be run through rollers. It comes out in the shape of little slender rod, of brownish yellow col or, which is cut into pieces, each about two or two and half inches long. The balsam may sometimes be mixed with @ less costly wax, since it's flavor is very marked.
 The balsam from the tschicle' tree, from
 Central America, is used in making what is known as snapping gum. It is very docilt
 when worked and moistened, and the process of making is similar to that of pulling taffy The original gum exudes from the tree and forms in mass sometimes several pounds ir weight. Even in this natural state it would be very satisfactory substance to keep tn, teeth at work. It cannot be worn out
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
Ingenious Chinese Chicken Ste@sers.

Rev. O. c. Wheeler, of San Francisco, has delivered fiery lecture against the Chinese. He has discovered some peculiar traits in the Chinese mode of robbing hen-roosts. 'tOne morning about o'clock-it was very dark a policeman passing along I street in the Chinese settlement heard, as he thought, a rooster crow on the roof of house. The place attracted his attention and he cautiously man standing up against chimney on the long before the Chinaman, peering into the dark in various directions and finding, as he supposed, the coast clear, stepped slightly away from the chimney, slapped his arms against his sides and crowed so very like cock that the head of flock in neighbor
 ing roost answered with real crow. Then another, farther of, hearing him, responded, and others, more distant still, took up the re-
 frain, until every gallant chanticleer for miles around had given oral testimony to the ele- gance of his manners. The thieves knew the neiehborhood, even the premises where chick ems were kept, but did not know the particu- lar spot where the owner had secreted them The programme was this: dozen or two of them, more or less, went, each with a dark lantern, stationed in different portions of the town, in neighborhoods where chickens were known to be kept. The cocks that fell in to the chorus, whose key-note was given by the Chinaman on the housetop, unwttingly dis closed to the watching thieves the exact places where they and their families had been secreted for the night and thus enabled the thieves to easily secure and carry them to Chinatown to give cheer to empty stomachs. :"
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
OFFICE 400 STATE STREET;
Price Four Cents
The Ice Crop.
Little Being G adhered From the Hud. s0n-Ths Rush For Interior Ponds.
 From the Poushkeepsie EaoIal


 son-The Rush For Interior Ponds.
 From tue Poughkeepsie Eagle.l
 ss It is now Feb. z, and but very little ice has yet been gathered on the Hudson. Up-river papers speak of the hopeful look taken by Orrin Dennet superintendent of the Knick- erbocker Ice Company, but we do not see on what he bases his hopes. He has been cred tied with saying that the company will no uoubt get its full crop the last of February or the first of March. Everything is against such an opinion, and the indications at this time of writing are that the ice crop this season will be smaller than it has been for years. The companies have always depended upon the ice in the upper Hudson as last re- sort, but there is very little in that region fit to house. From Castleton to Albany it is win- row ice. It is all jammed in, and stands frozen on edge, jagged, crumbling mass, filled with dirt and sticks from the January freshets. They commenced cutting ice yes- terday at Schodack, but it is of poor, thin quality. True, they are getting good ice in side the island near Castleton, but there won't be 100, 900 tons of it. At Barrytown they are stacking from cove, and they are doing the same thing at Staatsburg, and that's the ex- tent of ice-gathering on the Hudson at the present time, and the season of harvest is over month behind. This state of affairs is driving speculators and agents from tide water to the interior, and everywhere they are negotiating for country ponds. At Op- toms lake, in Duchess County, the ice is nine inches thick, and good crop is being gathered there. At Sylvan Lake, the Kuick- erbocker company is hard at work, and as fast as the ice is cut it is shipped on the Duchess and Columbia railroad to Dutchess Junction, where it is loaded in ice-barges lying at the wharf. A large pond at Herki- mer is supplying ice for the New York Gen. tral and Hudson River Railroad Company, ,and about LOGO tons will be sent from there to this city, mostly for the Johnson Brothers, at the railroad restaurant. One of our city lager-beer breweries is hauling ice from the Manchester Pond. Up at Morgan Lake, be- yond College Hill, the Messrs- Morgan have 8 large number of men cutting ice seven inches thick, but it is solid water ice of an excellent quality Mir. Henry D. Myers is negotiating for ice from points some distance from the city outside of the county As yet the ice on Sunfsh Cove, south of here has not been touched, though it is probable that the Mu- tual Benefit Company will get permission from the railroad authorities to run the ice across the track to barges to be anchored against the sea-wall on the road. Owners of ponds are filled with great expectations as to the probable price they will get for the ice they contain.
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
9unrllal and Gouriel.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY
 HARRINGTON s CO.,, No. 40O State Street, Courier Buildings
 JOHN B. CARRIEGToN. @e EDWARD T. cARRINGroN. JOHN B. oARRrNGToN. JR.
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
Good Sense and .sPs,,,

Persons who patronize papers should pay promptly, for the pecuniary prospects of the press have peculiar power in pushing forward public prosperity. If the printer is paid promptly, and@- his pocketbook kept plethoric by prompt paying patrons, he puts his pen to paper in peace ; he paints his pictures of pass ing events in more pleasing colors, and the perusal of his paper is of more pleasure to his people. Paste this piece of proverbial phiIos- ophy in some place where all persons can per
 ceive it. Be pleased, also, to ponder upon it myself patiently and perseveringly, ,and profit ably and consistently practice it's precepts per raafuallv
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10

Women who pretend to be lame and carry bundles made up to resemble babies, in order to obtain seats from polite gentlemen who travel on the ferry boats between New York and Brooklyn, are the latest impostors report ed. As 'tan old bachelor of 62" makes the complaint, more and better evidence is needed.
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10

Letters received from all parts of the State of New York show that among Republican voters there is a wide difference of opinion, the majority favoring Blaine or other candi- dates than Grant. We shall see how much these differences of opinion count for in Mir. Oonkling's convention.
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10

There is sad to be a general feeling Of anxistY among the different legations at Wash
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10

At meeting of Republicans at West Chester, Pa, committee of five was appoint ed ssto confer with the Republicans of other counties in the State on the propriety and ne- eessity of calling State Convention to take such action as will ensure fair and henest vote of the Pennsylvania delegation in the Chicago Convention" Commenting on this movement the Philadelphia Times says : ssThere will be much muttering in the Repub- lican ranks over the enforced instructions for Grant against the manifest wishes of the party; but there will be no convention of bolters that can cail halt on Cameron
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
EDITORIAL NOTES.

MT. Weaver, Greenbaoker, was again snubbed by Speaker Randall yesterday, and was not allowed to introduce his bill. The Greenbackers have now some reason for con- sideripg themselves martyrs.
Morning journal and courier., 1880-02-10
Miss Maria Stantnn- nf Stnnincrtnp ,,rauj

Miss Maria Stanton, of Stonington, presi- dent of the Connecticut Women's Christian Temperance Union, is under treatment in Providence for tumor.
 Waterbury has done nobly for the cause of the Irish sufferers. Sunday collections were taken in the Catholic church, at all the masses, and those swelled the fund to $5,600.
 Charles Broadway, the swindler in limbo at New York, is said to be the forger who coun- forfeited $1O0, GOO of bills of the New Haven Bank twenty three years ago and escaped pun ishment.
 The grand list of Rockland shows total of $2, 6O2, 7O9 of taxable property in the town dwellings, $625, $50 bank, insurance and manufacturing stocks, $375,O invested in manufacturing operations, $s50,3 1850.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
PEN, INK AND SCISSORS.

Colonel Charles III. Lewis, ex- United
States Minister to Portugal, died in Harrison-
burg, Va, last week.
= The Democrats of Mercer county have
instructed their delega.essin favor of Hon.
@. j. Faulkner for Governor.
= The Preston County Democratic del>
egation is supposed to be divided between
Martin and Lucas Wheeling Register.
= Monday morning week. at an early hour,
Miss Julia Kurtz died at her residence in
Winchester, at the advanced age of 81 years.
= Mr.. Phillip Berry, brother of Mr.. os.
E. Berry, of this city, together with his wife
and grandchild, Joel, from Fl hamilton, Butler
county, Ohio, is now here on a visit. He is
native of Jefferson county, and he had not
seen his brother for forty years.
luartins6nry Statesman.
= The scene at Milton, Pa, beggars de-
scription. Nothing remains except the black
and desolats ruins of tho once prosperous
town. TIE entire number of buildings de.
stroyed was 666, and only two places of bu-
siness escaped destruction. The vaults and
books of the banks were uninjured
= The Intenigencer of yesterday morning
finds fault with the opinion of Judge Green
and the decision of the Supreme Court Of
Appeals in the Strauder case, and speaks of
Judge Green as can incorrigibe Bourbon !"
In the case referred to, tho Supreme Court
merely affirmed the judgment rendered by
Judge Melvin, of the First Circuit. Is
Judge Molvin therefore San incorrigible
Bourbon ?"- Wheeling Register.
Tho President on Wednesday last sent
ia to the Senate the nomination of David III j..
Key. present Postmaster General, to be Uni
ted States district judge for the eastern and
middle districts of Tennessee; Horace May
nard, OF Tennessee, present minister to the
Porte, to be Postmaster General, and James
Longstreet, of Georgia, to be minister to
Turkey. Gen. N. Golf, Jr, has also been
nominated for the Office of q. s. District
Attorney of w. Va.
The proprietors of the manganese works
in Augusta county, Va, last week mined,
washed and shipped to England one hundred
tons of manganese. The company now en-
ploys from seventy>fve to one hundred
hands, runs two saw mills, two washers
driven by steam and keeps in constant en-
ship in barrels which they manufacture
themselves. The Shenandoah Valley railroad
will pass within one mile of tho mines.
"A dispatch from Atlanta announces
that Senator-John 3. Gordon has sent in his
resignation 10 inc governor or Georgia as
United States Senator, tG take effect imme
diately. The Governor has accepted his
resignation and will appoint his successor
This action of Senator Gordon will naturally
excite surprise, as no in.imation of such a
purpose on his part has publicly TRANSFERRED,
and 1T will also occasion much regret. A
dispatch from Nashville, Tenn, says that
ex-Gov. Joseph &. Brown, of Georgia, who
is in that city, received dispatch Tuesday
night last announcing his appointment to the
United States Senate from Georgia, vice
Senator Gordon resigned. Gov. Brown ac>
ea2ts the POSITION.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
DEMOCRATIC PRECINCT MEET
INGS.
oHARLEsrowN.

SdAh1ES1OWN
Pursuant to the published call of the Dem-
ocratic County Executive Committee, a meet
ing was held, for Charlestown precinct, at
the Court>Ho on Saturday afternoon, May
ed.
On motion, W. W. B. GAL1AHER was
called to the Chair, aud JAMES NJ. MASON
appointed Secretary. The object of the meet
ing-the appointment of delegates to the
Grafton Convention, to be held on the Sd of
June, ito select delegates to the Cincinnati
Conyention-was stated.
On motion, the Chair was empowered to
appoint the following gentlemen as delegates:
Capt. George Baylor, DIR. John d. Starry.
W. l.. Wilson, James NJ. Mason, and Forrest
". Brown.
Under the call no other business appear,
ing, on motion the meeting adjourned.
w. w. b. GALLAHER, Chm'n.
JAMES NJ. MASON, Sec'y.
MIDDLEwAY.
AT meeting of the Democrats of Middle
way precinct, held on Saturday, May 22d.
1850, in accordance with notice published
by order of the County Executive Commits
tee, on motion JNo. w. GRANTHAM was
called to the Chair, and S. II. FOWLER ap-
pointed Secretary. The object of the meet.
ing being xplained-to send delegates to q
District Convention to be held at Grafton on
the Sd of June next-on motion Josiah
Watson and John W. Grautham were ap-
pointed delegates, and Capt. s. D. Engle
and s.. E, White. alternatcs. The following
resolution was adopted:
Reselsed, In the event of neither dele
gates or alternatcs attending said convention.
any Democrat present from the county be
requested to represent this precinct.
On motion, adjourned.
JNO. W. GRANTHAM,
S. 81. FOWLER, Sec'y. Chm'n.
DUFFIELDs.
May %, 1880.
In compliance with the order ofthe Demo
cratic Executive Committee, for this county.
the voters of that party at tho Duffield's De-
pot precinct organized their meeting today
by calling CAPT. JAS w. GLENN to the
Chair, and oiecting JOS. T. Hess, ESQ
Secretary. The object of the meeting being
stated, i: was moved and unanimously carried
that Mr.. John Il. Strider be appointed o
delegate to the Second Congressional Con
venton, which is to DO held in Grafton june
Sd, proximo, to elect delegates to the Ma.
tlonal Convention, to DO held at Cincinnati
JAS. W. GLENN,
Jos. T. HESS, Secy. Chm'n.
KEARNEYsvILLE.
At a meeting held at Clusters School,
House May %, 1880, Isaac Fl. Strider and
Jas I. Trussell were elected delegates to the
Grafton Convention, and Eugene Baker and
Jas. W. Chapman as alternatca.
II. S. LEAGUE, Chm'n.
G. B. LEWIS, Sec'y.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25

a " NOUN DEMENT'S.
FOR MAYOR.

We announce for Mayor Mr.. JAMES N.
GIALLAHER. Oar town requires a man of pu b.
nc enterprise and spirit, who VIII bring man
Is Just what W G need at this time. Mr.. GaiIaher
Ia well known for his personal integrity and
WiIllngncSs to do aVOis. Flo is liberal and n +
the same time prudent, aud he will not use tho
once 60 mako money for himself or friends. /
ing himself acceptable to the pe0pls, and ho
viii make good impression on strangers that
come to Charlestowu. TAXPAYEP ~
Nav 1850 --> - A>A'
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
I'll A 3 Il lie ID .

At the pnrsona go of the NJ. f. Church South.
in He'd gesvil!c on Thursday, tho nth instant,
by the Rev. J. n: March, Nr. JOHN w. CAN'T
Henry Bender. all of Berkeley county.
May 18th, 1850. at tho brides residence bv
Rev. Q: E!lySnn, GEO. T. WALKER and INEZ
HELNES1 me. bolh OF Clarke county. Va.
In Winchester. May 18Th, Mt tho parsonage.
BY Rey: Fl. II. Kennedy, THOMAS H. SEA
ERIC HT to Miss MOLLIE GRIM, daughter of
Mr. Bobby Grim, all of that city.
On the Goth of April, 1850, by Rev. Harry &.
ETance. JOHN r: JONES to Miss FANNIE r
GRIM, both of Winchester.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
lFor the Spirit of Jefferson
Jackson for Governor.

Editor SpirH.-The Hon. j. B. Jacks
son will be presented, with his consent, to
tho Nlartinsburg convention for Governor.
There is no man in the State with better
record. He is in the prime of active man
hood. The moro the people inquire into his
personal history, tho stronger will be his
support. This young State needs the ser.
vices of bold, capable and energetic man.
a mere fsure>hcad, swelling with self.im>
Portance, can accomplish nothing towards
developing our resources.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
THE JUDGESHIP,

It seems, from the answers to our inquiry
OF several weeks ago about the judgeship,
that there has already some thought been
bestowed upon who are likely to become
candidates for that distinguished Office. The
Martinsburg Statesman is right. eve have
excellent timber and plenty of it." We
might name many in old Jefferson, whose
peoples voice will be heard when the time
comes, and conspicuous among them are the
Hon. VIM. Fl. Travers and Hon. James Fl.
Grove. AS Judge Hoge is already drifting
from the minds of the people in come c,ion
with that office, it being rumored that his
name will certainly be presented to tho Sec
ond District for Congress. be is eliminated
from the judicial race, aud we may begin to
look around for some one else to wear the
ermine. Upon whom it shall fall lies bevond
the present. Is it not time for seeing sbout
judicial convention?
Delegates to the Grafton Convention were
appointed by Mass Meeting of tie Berkeley
County Democrats, on Saturday week. At
the close of the proceedings of the Mass
Meeting, call was made upon Hon. D. B.
Lucas, who was in Martinsburg in attendance
upon the Circuit Court, through committee
appointed by the meeting, to address the as
semolage OF Democrats present, which he
did In his usual able manner
The General Conference of tho NJ, F
church' IN session at Cincinnati, after dis
cusslng the report of the committee on ,bo
Episcopacy recommending the election of
negro Bishop, by the decisive vote of 300 -
i29refused to do it. Thus the colored
brother was shelved etfectually. N'eN
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
FOR MAYOR.

EDIToE SPIRIT :-Plcase announce Mr. ES
RON SIlFER as 4 candidate for the mayorn1tv
OF Charlest0wn. IF elected We are Satisfied
that Dir Slifer will discharge the duties of tho
OUNCE lntparIially. MANY VOTERS.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
MANTUA.MAKING-

THE undersignc cd having had eonsidsyabis on.
Pos1ence in Mantua. Makipe desires 10 az
,S.t s 10 the Ladis. .Ld ,ieiBi,
s.vi. ~ PREPARED to do Sewing in the very bsst
IL, 1sloenee In the house formerly occupied by the
apt. John Rssd. on Congress street, bstueen
,o.o MRS. VIRGINIA soUDERs.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
d | e ID .

In HaeeIstown, Md, on Sunday night last,
Mrs MATTE L. EUMBERGER, aged about Is
years-formerly Of Berkeley county, ". VA,
aud sister of Mr.. w. S. Merchant, of this place
AZ the residence of her father, Mr.. Joshua
ID tlIrr, IN Elnrgan county. on April 29Si, Miss
ALICE n. MILLER. in the 18th year of her age,
after an illness of about two weeks, of typhoid
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
EARLY PLANTS.

VIE undersigned is prepared to furnish vari-
page Pepper: &c..-all of tho best from tie
Des5 seed VIII furnish plants in season al
IIaRtinR and PrHn1nG of Trees, shrubbery, &C.
Oialting aud Budding in SEASON. Crafts fnr
Ht f ny me. WILLIAM WATERS
NT1rner L@ 1S & North sts., chaTIestoynE
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25

a writer, reporting the proceedings of tho
recent Preston County Democratic Conven>
ton to tho Wheeling Register, says that the
Hon. Charles James Faulkner, in his usual
elegant and telling manner, addressed the
Convention, and that at the conclusion of his
speech Hon. Daniel B. Lucas addressed the
Convention in a most able manner.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25

- The Grant County Democratic Conven,
ton instructs for John johnson for State
Superintendent of Schools, and for Robert
White for Attorney eueral
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
FOR COUNCILMAN,

We are authorized to announce NJ. L. AVIS as
a e;9nd!Gats ter Councilman for 1st Ward.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
FOR COUNCILMAN.

GUSTAV BROWN has consented 70 ,,,orbi
name to he used as n candidate for Councilman
therefor 'A'co
May 25, 1850.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25

"A narrow gauge railroad from Grafton
to Beverly, West Virginia, fifty miles, is pro.
ieetsd. A company has hoen formed, and
some of the stock has been taken.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
TRUSSELL & LONG
STEFAN ENGINES.

TIE underlined are Agents for this and the.
- n~ighhoring counties Tor the sale of
JVIu. i, TANNER b cos PORTABI.E. ANN
STATIONARY STLA NJ ENGIHES.
Manufactured at Richmond, Va
These Engines are superior to an, herstofo,.
Introduced to the public. having several nt,o and
important HnpTousnenIs. We cali esa.-i.I .t,.s
tiOn to the arrangement Of the Boiler nd snn.,-
Heating none, bzshich iareo amount Of sItrs
beating surface 10 acquired which n 10, u,iii..S
in any other make OF Engine, thu. .eoeomi.iss
. asge,' i W. F t! and in TIME in Eeperstss
CINE OF :his make furnishing power Il o,s pi..,..
Mil nd az factions speak Iooder thar vord."w ~.
wll 20 HAPPY to show its zion and pofn I ont n.
superior parts, Quality Of Material ond tp;orEman
snip. Parties needing power for wheatThrssher.
sh3uId eau ana get our descriptive csta Iogus and
pfice list Of Portable En- gines. We can sell th.m
better Engfaes. and upon moro fnvorabIs ,s1ms
than they can supply themselves eIsev here In tbs
June II, 1879. . w.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1880-05-25
FOR COUNCILMAN,

MR. Ep![0R :-Arnounce THOS X STARRY
AS y canoidate Tor Councilman for 2nd Ward.