The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1880-01-21

tatn aperla Winds. bat which are sufficiently
regular to he taken out Of tho domHis of other
disturbances Of the atmosphere called storms
The most important Of these snecial winds are
the monsanna.
IN tho Indian OCEAN north of the Equator, the
portheasttrades blow with titr from oeto.
her I'LL Auril but during the summer from Aptii
10 September the southern part 81 the Uon
unent q Asia becomes eseeasiyely heated, aha
the air over IL hernmnH rar'hrh ana aacehua,
The lower pressure thus caused gives rise TO
m innowing OF the cooler ctr over thsa, north
nftha northeast wind II thua change 70 south
| weaiariy one This vanor laden air being
forced M to great attitude by the hish m, noun
tainoua barrier north Of the plaina Of Hinio.
stap gives rice br condensation to eopinus
raina On Tho Houthetn aope Of these noun
lfaina-the Himaayas-the rainfall ie enpr-
nous. In one year there has been reKiHtrrHt II
fall of clio inohen. ~ which itf inchea fell in tho
month Of June alone. The exraneive 20 wer OF
ha heat got free hy this excessive condemnation
| must be tremendous, and will ut once explain
tho immense suction power eSatted southwark
| from THE region,
Tha fnnnloona nre na advantageous to navi-
Tators Ha tho trades. IL IA only during the
| change from the regular trade to tho opposite
urevali which render the Indian OCEAN 40 dan
r. IN e S sSsG tn ssa cold norbery wind
| chilled the Bora. frequently prevails, sweepins
down from the Julian Alna. 1t ls believed that
| the 'tempestuoua wind called Enroelydob.
| which ia mentioned IN thetweniy seventh chap
ter 81 the Acts o. Apostles 40 having imperiled
| tho safety Of Paul and hla companions was none
other than the Bora.
| The misfidl liz another cold. northweaterly
wind nweepsng down from tho 0evennns over
southern France and the Gulf nf LYONS.
The. aert!a Of Texas and Of southwestern
bare reference These winds are probably all
due to the exia'ence ot an area RI high pressure
the south their ooldnese IL probably not due
| To The fact that they blow from tho north. but
| that they descend from the cold. dry. higher re-
Ia Southern Europe. Asia and Africa. the
| hairnatan, sunootn. suacco and solnno, dry, hot
winda prevail q times. and cause much disoom
A storm ia violent and extensive commotion
| Of the atmosnhere." Storm II collective ex pres
zion uaed to indicate the co-ax.stepea of certain
phenomena. tho moet striking 81 which are wind
and rain or anow. In tts relations to the sur.
fsce Of the earth, storm may be compared to
1unt ne the earth has q motion Of rotation
around itH own axis and motion OF proRrea-
aon around i tho amn 80 ha issa sorm
forward upon the earth n surface.
The words storm" and 'oyo!!one'' are now
Suppressed to be cyconie In character. BY the
words cyclone or cyolonic Ia meant that rotatory
motion which all atorma are believed 10 possess
In n greater or leHH degree.
About O hundred years ago Benjamin Frank
lin noted. In letter TO soma distinguished for
eEa scientist that o., q Gu? ours 400 lied north.
been sinea shown, by the mathematical invea-
LEGATIONS OF Ferrel. that this u in sooordanee
eaaar On Tie Motions 81 Fluids AID Solids ." on
the Sutface OF the Earth" published twenty
years ago. Ferret ears In reference to this
THE Interior portions OF cyclones always
grating IA they do from right to left IN the
wsrs he north pne Wbie betWeen the oye IS"
and the tropie cal m belt they are carried weat
ward BY the general motion Of the atmosphere
pheric movement carries them eastward.
Near the equator they must move slowly to- |
ward the poles. but after passing the tropical |
calm bolt the motion Of progression must be
This mathematical generalization has been |
snfe Of ~ se
Ing the observations and Charts Of the signal |
service as basis for Investigation, The con
ousiona ~ Prof. Lnoma bearing on thia point |
published In the Ame,icdn Journal 81 Sc'ence
are IA follows:
Areas OF low barometer result from gen
eral movement Of tho atmosphere toward II
central area, and 'hia movement Ia accompanied |
hy a denection Of the wind to the right. which |
causes q tendency to circulate around the centre |
viii n motion apitally inward.
This detection to the right which results |
from the earIh's rotation. oauaae diminished |
iahed by tho centrifugal forca resulting from
the circulation about centre.
Tho causes with may produce a general |
movement of the atmosphere toward n central
area are; !. uneluai pressure. ~ shown by
3. Unequal amount Of auueous vapor.
The proEress OF areas OF low barometer In
all latitude. is determined mainly by tho same
causes which determine the general system OF
circulation OF the atmosphere, aud their normal
direction ia changed by whatever causes may
change the direction OF the winde' Isuoh ma
differences In temperature or amount OF hui |
miiity In contiguous localitiea.l
In advance OF the appearances or n cyclone we
may f frequently notice q bazness OF the upper
atmospheric gradually beoomiag denser and
yelling the blue shy with whftish or greyish
curtain. This y the upper border Of tho adj
YIN yvh tiv pisgaf |
pearance before there ia yet any indication OF
a fall In the barometer Ia fact. the barometer
though the wind at the surface will probably be
blowing from the northeast or east. this bank
Ct haze or cloud advances from the southwest.
barometer begins TO fall, and this upper stra-
tum OF oieud IL obsoured by tho formation OF
dense clouds In the lower atmosphere. caused
by the ascent OF the humid surface air, and
soon the rain baglns to descend.
The fall Of rain Ia generally heaviest Ia ad-
vance OF the centre: as the area of lowest pres
sure f. passed the rain cloud gradually breaks,
and considerably lower temperature. The up
per atmosphere Ia usually very clear after the
storm. the only clouds remaining being some
low cumuus or stratus. The rear border Of
the storm at last passes out OF sight to the east
ward, and leaves us to the enjoyment Of the
OF the northwesterly wind.
Most OF the storms passing over the Untted
States originate In that section OF the country
marked On the maps az the great Western
dian Of IS degrees on the east and the Rocky
g. en the wfs e6mRrsns the are"
srn Kansas. Indian Territory. New Mexico.
Western Texas and Northern Mexico The
origin Of storm In this region may be stated
Az follows: The air over large. sandy area
rarined by the intense heat OF the
suns rays. and rapid radiation from the sandy
surface begins to ascend the moisture-aden
air from the Missouri and Mississippi valleys
and the Gulf OF Mexico on the one hand. and
he cold current from the Rocky Mountains
IN the other, rush la to take tho place of that
which is ascending. We have, thus pro-
side OF the area OF ascending air. and
! westerly wind behind. o., on the western eide
u IL: to the south, north and inter mediate
points, the wind will blow toward the centre
from those points. The wind blows from all ,
points around this area toward the centre I
Now II the earth were fiat and at rest. and the
air over this sandy area equally heated. the
wind would blow In straight lines from the
'ircum ference toward the centar ascend and
spread out at the top; there would be no mo
ion forward or back ward Of the whole body OF
air. and this condition Of things might exist