The daily gazette., 1880-08-23
Garfeid aud the Tariff.
, TILE EDITOR OF THE TIMEs:

Yours, Llc., JOHN JOHNSON,
1868 Palner ,ot., hI,.;lclphia.
General Gaifirld delivered n
speech in the House on the 7th of
July, sG6, in favor of taxing tea
and coffee, when the Protectionists
desired to make ia and coffee free,
so as to impose the duties necessary
to raise revenue, upon articles n:anu-
factured in the United States, o. I!
maintain the Protective policy. Ills
speech, in which he indorsed the
tariff policy Of Great Britain, is in
the Congressional Globe, Thirty-ninth
Congress, part 4, pages 3,657-S.
In 1872, the friends of Protection
again made the effort to place tea
and coffee on the free list, and force
the levy of duties for revenue upon
articles manufactured at home.
Judge Kelley and all the members
from Pennsylvania of both parties
voted for the repeal, and General
Garfield voted against it. The vote
is recorded in the Congressional
Globe, Second Session, Forty-second
Congress, part 2, page lis.
On the 18th of March, 1871, Gen.
eral Garfield voted, against all the
Pennsylvania members, in favor ol
removing all tariff duties on foreign
'oal. In speech delivered in favor
y. d. coal, on the 10th of March
1871, Ii. u: II think it unwise to
continue Ia, 'n'v on coal, and !
am, thereforcf i" t.FJr Of its re-
peal" His vote is recorded in Tho
Congressional Globe, part | E~Ity-
second Congress, pag" ,.
On the 9th ol june, 1861, Gen.
eral Gmlitld voted to reduce the
tariff on railroad iron from eighty to
sixty cents per hundred pounds, in
opposition to the protests and votes
of Thaddeus Stevens, General j. X.
Moorhead, Judge Kelley and all the
Pennsylvanians. His NH.' lc.
corded in the Con, .,r>.s.onal Globe
of 1864, part 1, page 3,3l2. In 1870,
the duty on pig iron was reduced
from nine to seven dollars per ton,
General Garfield voting for it and
the Pennsylvanians voting against
it. In 1872, the duty on iron and
steel, and all manufacturers of iron
or steel, except cotton machinery
was reduced ten per cent, and Gen.
eral Garfield voted for it. His vote
is recorded in the Congressional
Globe, part 5, Second Session Forty
second Congress, page 1862.
In n debate with Thaddeus Stev-
ems, July 10, 1866, in which General
Garfield demanded reduction of the
duty on railroad iron, he said
Against the abstract doctrine OF
Free Trade, as such, very little can
be said; but it can never be applied
to values except in time of peace
On the lst of April 1870, General
Garfield and judge Kelly had spir
tied passage in debate on the ques.
ton of Protection. In the Congress
sional Globe of the Second Session
Forty y-hrst Congress, page 268, tho
following is reported:
Mr.. GARFIELD. AS All abstrac
theory of political economy, free
trade has many advocates and mucl
can be said in its favor; nor will it bC
denied that the scholarship Of mod
ern times is largely on that side
that large majority of the great
thinkers of the present day are lead.
ing in the direction of what Is call
ed free trade.
Mr.. KELLEY. The gentleman
SAYS that no man will deny that the
tendency of opinion among scholars
is toward free trade. L beg leave to
deny it, and do most positively. The
tendency Of opinion among the scho-
lars of the continent is very decided
toward protection. This is striking
ly illustrated by the recent publica-
ton in six of the languages of the
continent of the voluminous writings
of Henry G. Carey and their adop-
ton as text books in the schools of
Prussia. l think the gentleman's
proposition is true of the English
Speaking people of the world, but
that the preponderant tendency is
the other way.
General Gariield's position on the
tariff question, as defined by his
speeches and votes, is substantially
that of the Cincinnati Democratic
platform, which declares for "a tariff
for revenue only" He has sustain
ed Protection at times, as he declar-
ed, only to assure the attainment Of
Free Trade. The only true test Of
honest support of a tariff for Protec-
ton or for Free Trade is in the impo-
sition of duties on articles produced
in this country or the imposition of
duties on articles not produced here.
The Free Trader favors low duties
on iron and coal, so as to invite
foreign iron and coal for our con-
sumers, and he favors taxing tea and
coffee, which furnish large revenue,
because they are generally consumed
by rich and poor. 1t was this ire
concilable difference between Gen
eral Garfield and Judge Kelley,
Errett, Bayne and Killinger, all Re
publican Congressman from Penn
svlvania. which made those Con-
gressmen vote against General Gar
field for Speaker, even after he had
been nominated by the Republican
caucus.
BAPTIST ministers seem TO be wanted
on the Pacific Coast. In San Francisco
MI. f,lpYnl, and thaf on ITnian