Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1880-12-29
CURIOUS, USEFUL AND SCIENTIFIC.
COLOGNE WATER.

COLOGNE WATER.
Cologne water was first 80 called in
1909, when an Italian citizen of Cologne
named Johann Maria Farina prepared
it. Since that time genuine eau de
cologne has been manufactured by the
descendants OF Farina.
SOLAR PRoTUBERANCEs.
Some of the luminous protuberances
on the surface of the sun, since the late
period of activity began, have been esti-
mated by NJ. I. Thollon to have attained
aheight of loo, 900 kilometres.
s1EGEs OF PARIS.
Paris, IN the course of its history, has
been besieged ten times. The first time
in SO B. G. and the last in 1870. Tt was
fortified until the time of Louis XIV,
who RACED the defenses, as, In his day, the
idea of a foreign army reaching the
heart of France was laughed at Napo
leon [. did not fortify Paris, and the
allies, in 1914, found only few hastily
built redoubts In their way.
AN IMPORTANT DISCOVERY.
The Nature says that an electric cable
manufacturing firm in Neufchatel have
made a highly important discovery In
practical telegraphy. After a long and
expensive series of experiments, they
have succeeded in devising method of
laying cables whereby the induction of
the electric current from one wire to
another, although the wires are in lux
Imposition, is prevented. The discovery,
of which no details are vet given, re-
moves, it is asserted, the last obstacle in
the way of the widest possible extension
of facilities for telephone communica-
ton.
FLEUss' DIVING DRESS.
Fleuss' diving apparatus has been
used with much success at the Severn
tunnel, England. The inventor himself
appears to have failed to accomplish
what was desired; but O professional
diver named Alex. Lambert put on the
Fleuss dress, reached the bottom of the
shaft under IS feet of water, and walked
1,O20 feet up the heading, where he sue
ceeded In closing some sluiees and shut
ting an iron door, having been cut off
from all communication for an hour and
a half. This is test of the great value
of Fleuss' dress when worn by plucky
diver. The ordinary diving-gear had
been tried without success, the great
length of tubing required rendering the
operation impracticable.
THE LAKE OF LIBERALS.
Last May the Lake of Tiberias was
sounded and Gredged. The lake is now
212 metres below that of the Medi-
terranean, but it is thought to have
been at one time on level with the
ssGreat Sea-" or Mediterranean. It is
~ 1Ac. L,
its deepest part, and NJ. Lourtet has
reason to believe, from remains found
during the dredging operations, that it
had been at one time saline lake. There
are reported to have been discovered
types of fish marking a transition be-
tween salt and fresh water fauna, but it
will be safe TO await further exposition
of this alleged fact It is misfortune
for science, as it is for news and other
departments of human industry, that
more stress is laid upon the availability
of sensational intelligence than upon the
accuracy of well-s1fted information.
ZINC ooRRosIoN.
In paper printed In the Bulletin of
the Chemical society of Paris, NJ.
Rocques observes that the plates of zinc
c1sterns are not uniformly corroded, but
IN certain wcll-defned places. He at
tributes the cause of this Inequality to
The electric current set up between the
purer portions of the metal and those
more alleged. Zinc, lead and copper are
attacked very slowly by ordinary waste
and by saline solutions in general. The
corrosion is-more rapid If there are sew
eral metals in contact. The presence OF
n1fr0ropnuS r,oo+to,.c o,I ON oooo1
crates the action, especially In case of
zinc. The phenomena display their
greatest activity in the presence OF
oxygen. This is the case at the surface,
where the metal is alternately in contact
with water and air. The deposits
formed are chilly siicates and carbonates
of lead, zinc and copper.
AN OPTICAL MILK TEST.
A new optical milk test, invented BY
Messrs. Mittelstrass, of Magdeburg, il
described in the Deutsche hadustrie
Zei;uuag. While In previ Gus instru
ments of the kind the plan has been tx
add milk to water till layer of give1
thickness becomes opaque, In this new
instrument given quantity of milk witt
given quantity OF water is examined
by looking through different thicknesses
of layer TIL opacity isreached. The yes
sci holding the liquid has glass bot
tom, and on it's covera vertical graduated
tube IN a slide, with glass closing it
lower end. Light is thrown up from be
low By means of an oblique mirror, o.
from the source direct. The tube
(throngh which one looks), is moved il
the slide TIL the light disappears, and a
this point the scale is read off. Expert
ments made by Prof. Marker with hi.
apparatus show 1t to be very accurate
The greatest difference between deterrni
nations of the fat In milk, with it, and t,
chemical analysis, was O.3 per cent
average o. per cent? 1t is only witt
fresh milk, however, that it succeeds
In the case of old milk, which has begun
to form cream, the results obtained are
too low. The chief advantage claimed