Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1880-10-29
JOHN SHERMAN.
His Speech Before the Businessmen of
Chicago-A Summing-up of the Business
Results of Republican Administration.


the evening Of the 14th, substantially US fol-
lows;
FELLOW CITIZENS, LADIES AND GENTLEMEN!
The important Presidential contest of 1880 is
now being transferred to the whole people of
the United States. The October States have
had kind of preliminary skirmish in the
State of Ohio, of which have the honor of be-
ing citizen. We have elected fifteen mem
bers of Congress out of twenty. We have
elected the Republican State ticket by ma.
iority of over 10000 and on the second day of
November we will elect the National Rcpub.
lican ticket, General Garfield at the head, by
majority of 10000 to $4,000. The gallant State
of Indiana, after one of the most brilliant
political contests in our history, has closed IL
by the election of Albert G.. Porter as Govern.
or, by = majority of from 5000 to 10000. We
have gained two members of Congress, and
even in tho State of West Virginia, electng
but three members of Congress, we have
gained one member of Congress; so that al
together, in tho preliminary skirmishes of
this great canvass, we have gained nine mem.
bers OF Congress and ore senator in the
State of Indiana, making an almost political
revolution in the Senate and House OF Repre-.
sentativcs of the United States of America.
so much for the October contest.
Now comes on the sweepstakes of NOvem.
ber and you have to perform your part of the
duty, and let me say to You that this can not
be accomplished by idling and by cheering,
or even by parades. IL must be done by sober
work and reasoning, by hard work and close
attention, and You people of Chicago, who
are ahead i'll every thing else, must not not be
iaggard in this great cause, The hard times
But speaking of some matters of more i'm
mediate interest, wish to state, if can, in
Jew distinct sentences, the cause of the differ
ence between the Republican and Democratic
parties. What is the governing Issue that di-
WOES TINS great country of fifty millions of
freemen into two distinct parties2 Why is it
tnat ON the one side we sec a million voters
claiming to be Republicans, and en- the other
a million claiming to be Democrats? What is
the vital governing issue that divides them?
You may be sure it will not be any small
trivial question; it will not be on account of
some passing question of the day, but be-
cause there Is deep, underlying difference
between them. The difference between these
two parties take il is an honest difference of
opinion as to the nature and function of the
National Government. We Republicans be.
lieVe that this is "A Nation, not "a confederacy
OF states. We believe in the language of
Gmei Justice Marshall, that the people OF the
United states made this country, and have
power to protect the humblest and the lofti-
est; to make the richest and the lowliest obey
the law. In the language of Abraham Lin
coin, man that is hOnored all over the world,
this is Government of the people, by the
people, and for the people. We believe in
making National laws by act of Congress /;
constituting laws by the decision of courts, and
enforcing laws by theeXccutives and on these
questions the Democratic party differs from
us as widely as heaven from hell. The whole
policy of the Democratic party is to cripple
and degrade the National Government. They
seek to make this Government of ours subor-
dlnate to the states, under the doctrine of
southern rights. They claim that the state
may control and nullify the laws of the Unit
| eu states. Their policy is just the opposite of
| ours. Ours is to elevate the country; theirs to
| degrade and belittle it.
the speaker touched on the Virginia reso-
| lutions of l19S, and the similar Kentucky
| maxim. At first this declaration was regard
| ed as nothing better than a modern political
| plattorm-iust tub thrown to the waves to
catch votes; but Calhoun and others put the
| paper statements into practice, orwould have
| done it but for that great Democratic patriot,
| President jackson, who told the South Caro-
| linian that, continue in his course and, by
| the eternal, he would hang him. The doc
| trine of state Rights was subsequently car
| ried out to its legitimate conclusion and had
| TO be crushed, as we thought it was, by the
| loss of six thousand millions of dollars and
| 100000 lives.s Some may say that the doctrine
| of state Rights is settled. / tell you it is not
| This doctrine now enters into every campaign
| in the South. What question is presented by
the Democratic party that is not affected by
| this doctrineY The amendments to the Con.
stitution were adopted when it was found
that these sovereign States would not protect
eX slaves. In many of the Southern States
| there is now condition of quasi slavery al.
| most as brutal and barbarous as the old sys-
tenn that existed before the war. Besides that
the rights of whites rs well as colored, are ut
| terlY dtsregarded. The kukluN klan, fraud
| and violence have thwarted the rights of citi
| zenship. We passed the Election laws, and
the first thing Confederate Congress did was
| TO pass law to repeal the election laws, but
| President Hayes vetoed it and n second bill
| of the same kind tackled on to the army ap
preparation bill was also passed, and Presi
dent Hayes vetoed 1t again. For five months
the soldiers had to depend on private sources
to get their living. The Democratic party, al
though now in power, has never done any
other act than that. Although they have beer
intrusted by you with power, they are utterly
broken and helpless, and will do nothing t.
advance the interests of this country.
Let us go to another matter. Here we have
long history OF nearly one hundred years
Why is it, my countIyIncn, that until the Re
PUBLICAN party came in power you never hat
versy about the old Bank of the United States
Its charter and rechaTter, and there were
many objections to IL. Why, after the secont
charter had expired did the Democrats neve
propose National money? Because they sale
that Congress had no power to d0it; butwheI
the Republican party came in they gave yol
issued at the beginning of the war in orde
that the soldiers might be paid and the wa
carried on. some may say, as Democrat
then did, that 1t was unconstitutional, but
tell you that in those times we were deter
mined to maintain our cause and support TIN
boys in blue even IL it took the last shirt OF
your back. But thc supreme Court decided
That IL was constitutional. The Democrats de
nounced it as unconstitutional. Your own
Democrats denounced it. They said the,
could be bought up by the cord, so illegal ant
worthless were they. Well, l would like 4
buy them up by n fraction of Il cord. Laugh
teri We had before that red dog, squire
Jumps, and every thing else. What kind o
money was that, any way. In the old Demo
cratic days the Democrats claimed that thi
was a matter of State rights, that the Nationa
Government had no power to issue Nationa
notes, but their state bank money was worth
less.
After making an amusing exposition of thi
worthlessness of state currency the Secrctar
continued: Such was the condition of affair
when the Government came under the con
troll of the Republican party. We then, as
substitute for greenbacks, gave You Nationa
banks. We made the system so secure tina
by no possibility could n man lose a dollar @
his money. II there was man in this grea
city of Chicago who ever lost a dollar of mon
ey by National bank let him come forwar
and will repay him, for have twenty dol
lars in money with me. That circulation
secured by bonds of the United States.
The Secretary, in reference TO the loud nois
of the passing procession, said he had learne
two things-never to run against II brass ban
and a locomotive. Presently he continued
J showing there was no possibility of counter
. feiting National bank currency. Should
counterfeit plate come into existence the kin
. dred genuine plate is destroyed. The none
is good all over the country. Now, one of tn
things that the Democrats hoped 80 wipe ou
is this system. | don't know about IL in Ill
nois, but i'm Ohio they did try it; but the pee
pie beat them ON that issue so badly that the
have kept quiet ever since. The Southcr
people are sim openly in favor of wiping th
banks out. How do they propose to do itY Nc
by direct legislation. 1t is proposed in Cor
gress to repeal the law taxing State banks
per cent. on the amount of their issues, AN
they would then be revived again and so III
national bank system would be annihilateC
1t is a law of graVitation that the infeTC
money will always push OF the better Hay
this tax of 10 per cent. repealed, and every Nj
tional bank would be driven from the cour
try, and then would be accomplished the ovel
! throw of the best system of paper money thu
has been devised by man. You know how a
the civilized nations of Europe and AmenC
have regarded IL as the best in the worli
| Egypt and China have already adopted sui
stantially our paper money system Ge
many, Italy, and France are extending OF
general principles TO their banking system.
Why do the Democrats want TO get rid
our National money? on what broad argI
Ihent? That II is not in fact the magniflceI
system that it Is? No. But "agin the resoli
tion of gS." Who is that Kentuclian who
going To wife out everything? "a yoic
Blackbun) Yes, Blackburn. lie Is going
wipe out the tariff laws and the Nations
| banks.
The Democrats were I'm favor of "A tariff fC
revenue only. They would put as big Ia
, on tea and coffee as on cotton and woolen
| WHY Because IL is unconstitutional eXcel
| TO get n revenue. on the other hand we RI
| publicans say that we are in favor of a tar
| which will yield sufficient revenue to earn
on the operations of the Government, an
! | will also foster, protect and diversity ol
| manufacturing interests, and will make
| great rs manufacturing people as we'll rs
commercial people. You here are gre
| manufacturing people do not know VIII
YOU don't do. Row is it possible that you a
such Il manufacturing center2 Because Il
into al