davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
Dairy.
Ayrshire Cows.

AS the interest of our farmers in
raising good stock is beginning to
manifest itself, we publish the fol.
lowing concerning the Ayrshire:
Touatt estimates the daily yield
of an Ayrshire COW. for the first
two or three month"; after calving,
at five gallons a day on an average;
for the next three months at one gall
lon and half. This would be eight
hundred and fifty gallons as the an
nual yield of a COW; but allowing for
some unprOductiVe COWS, he esti-
mates the average Of a dairy as six
hundred gallons per annum for each
COW. Three and half gallons Of the
Ayrshire cows milk will WELD one
and q half pounds of butter. lie
therefore reckons two hundred and
tjfty-seven pounds Of butter, or five
hundred and fourteen pounds of
cheese. at the rate OF twenty-four
pounds to EIGHT gallons OF
milk. as the yield of every cow. at q
fair and perhaps rather low average.
in an Ayrshire dairy during the year.
Alton sets the yield much higher,
saying that ':tholsands of the hest
Ayrshire dairy cows, when in prime
condition and we'll fed, produce one
thousand gallons Of milk per annum;
that in general. three and three-Gu;ar.
ters to four gallons of their milk will
make twenty pounds of full milk
cheese
One of the four cows originally
imported into this country by John
p. Gushing. Of Massachusetts, gives
in one year 3.sC4 quarts. beer meas
TIRE. or about 45+ gallons at ten pounds
to the gallon. being an average of over
ten and a half beer quarts Il day for
the whole year. 1t is asserted, on
good authority: that the first Ayr
shire COW imported by the Massa-
chusetts Society for the promotion of
Agricultu:e,i in 1887, yielded l6 pounds
Of butter Il week for several weeks in
succession, Oh grass feed only. These
yields are not SO large as those stated
by Alton; but it should, perhaps, be
remembered that our climate is less
favorable to the production of milk
than that Of England and Scotland.
and then no COW imported after al
irving at maturity could be expected
to yield as much. under the same cir
cumstances. as one bred on the spot
where the trial is made. and perfect
ly acclimated.--Chicago Times.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
Domestic Department,
Written for the Farmer.
The Kitchen Garden
BEANS.

BEANS.
Beans will thrive on Il soil which is
not very rich. but Il little extra nour-
ishment will pay you well. They
are so tender. find the Goth Of May
full early to plant them here, unless
it be q few for early string beans.
The Golden Wax bean is the best, and
may be put in about May lsr. The
Refugee is Il good bean for late, re-
curing no roles. OF course every
one knows the little White Navy for
winter use is unsurpassed. I have
tried the Lima for a green shell bean
and succeeded very well until this
year. The dry weather kept them
back so the frost took them before
they matured. Soaking the beans in
llke-warm water forty-eight hours
before planting, Will bring them OH
{; week earlier than planting without.
Plant in rows or hills three feet apart
and keep free from weeds. Never
hoe while the vines are wet. They
will be ready to harvest by the first of
Sept. Gather any kind Of string
beans while very tender, just scald
and spread in the sun to dry; when
wanted for use, soak twenty-fCur
hours in warm water; boil one hour,
changing the water three times; serve
with milk like string beans, which
they are Il winter substitute for.
scald in salt and water, and covered
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
Wadena County.

In 1879 there were, according to the
preliminary statement Of the Commits
sioner of Statistics, 1851 acres. which
produced so. lS5 bushels of wheat. or
all average Of a little over II bushels
per acre. In 1880 the number of acres
to wheat is 4,457, and at the same
average would give for the county
about 10000 bushels, an increase of
1885 bushels. In corn. in 1870, we
had 2l2 acres, which produced GIGS
bushels. In 1880 the corn acreage is
45l, and at last years average, and it
is fully up, gives us l4.Ol7, an increase
OF 1852. more than doubled. Oats
and barley are III about the same pro
portion.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
What and EIow to Feed.

It is the general habit of Americans
to give their poultry corn, corn, corn,
morning, noon and night. This may
answer when the fowls have the un-
limited range of a farm and can con-
stantly pick up insects. grubs, worms.
etc., together with scattered grains
around the barn floor, but even then
it is very unWise. In confinement
fowls would soon die on this diet.
Cocn is too heating and fattening for
breeding purposes. Fowls should be
fed regularly. They will soon learn
the accustomed hours, and will en-
ploy the intervening time in hunting
for worms, dusting and exercising
themselves. Where they are at liber-
/ ty or have large run, two feeds a.
day, morning and evening. are sufli-
cient. It is best to make the morn
ing meal of soft food; that being most
readily assimilated will sooner APP
pease their empty stomachs and break
the fast Of the night. Boiled potato
peelings. vegetables and scraps mash
ed up with slightly sca]ded bran or
meal, with little salt mixed, is an
excellent dish for fowls. In winter Il
little pepper will be valuable for sea-
soning.
AS soft food the Poultry World
recommends a warm compound of two
thirds wheat bran to one-th;rd meal.
wet with skinned milk. This food
has good egg producing effect. The
bran does not tend to fat, and the
milk is even better than meat in the
production of eggs. Fowls may eat
too much meat, but milk they may
drink ad libit1tn.. and those who have
it cannot put it to " more profitable
use. Fowls should have, like human
beings.a goodly rur;ety Of feed. Scraps
from the table are highly relished.
Grain should lie fed 1T night, us it will
remain in their crops longest. Corn
is the best staple for cold weather, us
it is very heating and keeps the fowls
in fine condition; but it should not be
fed constantly in summer. Barley,
buckwheat, oats, wheat screenings,
cracked corn, rice, ETC., are all excel
lent for a variety. SunfoWer seed is.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
Agricultural.
STOCK RAISING.

One Of the branches of farming
which may be made a complete safe
guard against the damage and en-
barrassment entailed by the loss Of
(, wheat crop, is stock raising. Even
if YOU do not start with more than
COW or two, and two or. three sheep
and a few hens. But start with the
best your means will afford. 1t will
not decrease the number of bushels
of your wheat single iota. Ii you
have an 100 ecre farm. by judicious
stock raising in this country. YOU
will become financially independent
in from five to ten years. 1t has been
proven that stock introduced on
the farm does not decrease the
amount Of wheat raised. but rather
increases it, although the acreage
may not be as large. With stock
growing up around YOU. the neces-
sity of getting trusted nine months
out of the wear is removed, and chat
tie mortgages. and real estate mort
cages are kept away from your prop
erty. This is worth all the trouble
Il few head of cattle may create. The
interest-eating mortgage is one Of
the most troublesome barnacles that
ever fastenes itself OH the :g 'icul-
tural ship. and to keep them clear OF
the farm is the most important con-
sideration Of the farmer. He will
find that stock raising coupled with
diversified farming will do this as
sire as there is right way and a
wrong way to manage his business.
Start in at once.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
Terms: $r.5o Per Year.

with vinegar they make a very gool
pickle. AS soon as they will shell
nicely, boil, changing the water twice
and serve with little butter. Lima
beans are cooked this way. only the
water does not need changing. Dry
beans nearly every person likes and
most people think they know how to
cook them. Some may not, however,
so I will give rule or two.
BOILED BEANs:-Take one quart
Of beans, look over carefully and put
them with two quarts of water and a
teaspoonful of saleratus in pot. AS
soon us they commence to boil, drain
and cover again with warm water.
When this boils. pour off, add more
water and boil for one and half
hours. Salt, milk, and little butter
put in. and boil fifteen minutes; or
when the third water is put on. boil q
small piece OF fat pork.
BAKED l}EANs:-Salne as boiled
beans till done, then add a small half
clp of sugar or molasses. Fill 4
milk crock or pan half full, cover
with thin slices OF raw pork, fill the
dish up with beans and bake two
or three hours in slow oven.
BEAN SoUP:-Prepare and boil Us
for hOi led hparc For t11a third wa
ter fill the kettle nearly full, or about
six quarts of water, boil two hours,
add teacupful Of cream and salt to
taste. You can put piece Of PORK
in instead of cream and boil it, but if
you.try the cream you will never eat
pork soup again. GARDINER.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
General News.

-
Work has commenced on the bridge
across the Missouri: at Bismarck.
Miss Jewett. the Minnesota ecues-
trienne, wo:l the Is mile race at Du-
buque, over Miss Pinneo.
Two accidents accurred on the St.
P. M. & NJ. railroad last week, hut no
one was killed. Fortunate.
An old man named Luke Walton
murdered his daughter in River Falls.
Wis.,, last Saturday, and thought he
had killed another daughter, but She
recovered. Charity and custom wlisr-
Ell insanity.
Just see our new advertisements;
and then just to think that more than
Il column Of live advertisements are
crowded out this week for the want
of room.-Duiuth Tribune.
Now, Bro. Mitchell, you might as
we'll have inserted your live "a,,s.: -
in place of tn article which appeared
in your paper, over half a column in
length, and thus have avoided thrust
ing your cold. cruel pen into a wound
already sore enough, and been better
rewarded. We have q belief which
we are willing to live and Gia bv.
Not what you hear from the pulpit of
the orthoIdox, or from the bl;.spiie-
nous tongue of he who would tear
from our hearts whatever hope we
might have for future peace and ha1-
p;less beyond the grave. No such
argument as you advanced can change
that belief, Mr.. Mitchell. Let your
belief be what it may, you have no
right in such cases to parade them be-
fore a people, who are not only capa-
bic of, but entitled, in this free land.
to en- ert; in the ideas or belief which
suits them best, 50 long as they do
not conflict with the laws of The coun-
try. It is our opinion, Mitchell, after
what we have seen in your paper from
time to time, that you are sort of a
fanatic Oh IngersolliSm, and We be-
lieve II you applied the same enc; e.
t the building up of some important
question of Interest to the people. that
you display iii your frantic efforts TO
tear down something upon which peo-
ple. who think at all, propose to thilii.
f>r themselves, yon would furnish IL
paper more acceptable to tie peolle
than the one you now publish, which.
barring the seemingly Ell dl IS pu} L.
cation OF your p 'rsonal opinions, is
a credit TO yourself and to Duluth.
When you desire examples ior your
dogma, Please do not select those up
on whom your arguments have no
other effect than to draw up :tfres,t
the s'ltferings of our loved one. and
open anew the wound. which the
knowledge of their existence created.
W. have our belief, you have yours.
We see as little sense in yours as YOU
can possibly observe in ours; th:r3-
fore argument is. useless.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30

invaluable for poultry, and can be
grown as cheaply as corn. The Nam.
moth Russian is the best and most
prolific. Breeding fowls must not be
over-fed nor stuffed, but kept in good
working order. Beef scraps can be
bought cheap. and are highly benefi-
cial. in winter especially, also occas-
ionally boiled sleeps or calf's pluck,
chopped up. is recommended.-Poul-
try Yard.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
An Archway Shelter Through the
Straw Stack.

With winter comes the piercing
winds, the intense cold, and. unless
we'll protected, the greatest suffer-
ING that the farm animals experiences
during the whole year. It is the sea.
son when to keep the stock warm is
no less matter Of economy than to
keep them we'll fed; in fact: they are
fed in a great measure to keep up the
animal heat, the food serving much
the same end that coal does to the
furnace. This being true: it is rea-
sonable to infer that AL animal will
require less food to maintain the prop
er temperature Of the body where it is
warmed in part by other means. The
inference is a true one, as thousands
of experiments s!low-in fact, it goes
without questioning that farm stock,
when sheltered from the cold of Win
ter, require 4 considerable less food
to keep them in a good, thriving con-
dition. than Go those animals that
are continually exposed to the wealth.
er. Shelter then has much more in its
favor than simply the humane side,
which alone is enough to warrant the
comfortable protection Of animals.
There is an appeal to the pocket as
well as the sympathy in the lowing
Of the shivering herd.-Am2rican Ag-
aicnLiNrnIiSt
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30

a thoroughbred male bird will great
ly improve the laying qualities Of
common fowls, and when the blood of
the large breeds is introduced it very
materially adds to the size of your
flock
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30

It is estimated that it requires s.
100000 pounds of cord to bind the
wheat crop Of Minnesota. Does this
not suggest the practicahility of hemp
cultivation and another great interest
for Minnesota? Who, among our
readers. knows how to raise hemp?
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30

Crop reports from France say that
an average yield was harvested, but
the most disconraging news comes
from Russia. where crops were nearly
IL total failure.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30
Poultry,

We have a few fine Light Brahma
cOckerels which will be ready for sale
in 4 few weeks.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1880-09-30

Pembina county, Dakota. is to hold
Il fair on the 18th and 18th Of October.
p. A. Gatchell is the managing super
in n.endent.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1880-04-03

per day, from April 1st. They were dis
satisfied, claiming that they should have
received s1.25 per day, and quilted work.
The six hundred strikers in the dock
yards of the Lehigh and Wilkesbarre coal
company and the Cross Creek coal docks
at Port johnson, N. j., resumed work yes
terday at a compromise-s1.SO per day.
Similar wages were granted to the men at
the Elizabethport docks.
The striking spinners at Cohoes, n. Y,
remain firm, but 1000 looms are reported
to be in operation in the Harmony Mills.
In number three mill eight pairs of mules
are running, with help from bobbin boys
and second bosses. The section hands in the
weaver rooms are at work. More French
Canadians arrived in Cohoes OH Thursday
night, and it is doubtless from them that the
workers are recruited, though the mill Off
GERS deny being in any way instrumental
in bringing the strangers to Cohoes. The
operatives are guarded by police in going
to and from work. To-day there will be a
street parade and gathering of strikers on
Simmons Island, at which 5, 900 persons are
expected to participate.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1880-04-03
PERSONAL.

MIR. GRANT ALLEN says that i'll 4 negro
a very black and lustrous skin, clear,
bright eyes and white teeth are decidedly
pleasant to Europeans.
When Mr.. HAYES takes his calm, consti.
tutional walk in the early morning he
dresses in black, even to his gloves. His
oiled hair is turned under at the ends.
Professor CLIFFORD said Of an acquain.
tance: "He is writing book on meta.
physics, and is really cut out for it. The
clearness with which he thinks he under.
stands things and his total inability to ex,
press what little he knows will make his
fortune as a philosopher"
The friends of HESTER CLYMER, are
congratulating him upon his approaching
marriage to Mrs. Clements, of St. Louis.
This lady is the daughter of Baron Won
mother was a cousin of Representative
Morrison, of Illinois, and Colonel John
Morrison, of St. Louis. Mrs. Clements is
a lady of much culture, has travelled ex-
tensively, and has liberal means. She is
polite in figure and of rare beauty. Mr..
Clymer has an elegant residence at the
foot of Mount Penn, near Reading, Penn
sylvania and his host of friends and ad-
mirers there are prepared to give him and
his bride a cordial welcome. On the oc-
casion of his wedding Mr.. Clymer will be
accompanied to St. Louis, where the cere.
mony will take place, by Representative
Clarke, of Missouri, who is a warm friend
of both parties.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1880-04-03
COURT BUSINESS.
Opinions Delivered and Other Matters.
Court met this morning, and after trans

Opinions Delivered and Other Matters.
Court met this morning, and after trans
acting current business, the following
opinions were delivered:
BY Livingston, P.J.
Elizabeth Herr, decd, auditors report.
Exception No. 2 sustained in part ; No. 4
sustained No. withdrawn, and report
otherwise confirmed
Heidelbaugh's use VS.. Thomas, rule to
satisfy judgment. Made absolute and pro-
thonotary ordered to enter satisfaction.
Philip Rhoads, petition for citation to
executor to give further security.
Alex. Gerz, decd, exceptions to report
of auditor. Overruled and report con-
tirmed.
Road in Coleraine township, from Bart
vile to Kirkwood. Proceedings set aside
for informality in report of viewers.
Kerns's use VS.. Absalom Beam. Judg-
ment for plaintiff for s29 IA on case stated.
Kemper VS.. Spera. Exceptions to regis
ter's fee in part sustained and appeal dis
missed.
Catharinc Myers assigned estate. Fees
for counsel and assignee allowed to stand
exceptions dismissed, and report confirmed
after correcting interest to be paid on CIV
ing judgment.
Catharine Beam VS.. Absalom Beam, case
stated. Judgment for plaintiff.
John Drace, deceased. B. F. Mont
gomery, ESQ.,, appointed auditor to deter
mine the facts.
Mary 7. H. Lewis VS.. Hoffman and wife.
Rule for new trial discharged.
Jacob Bowermaster, exceptions to report
of auditors dismissed.
by Judge Patterson.
In the matter of A. J. Steinman and W.
U. Henssl, called to answer for contempt
Of court and for misdemeanor as attorneys,
rule for contempt discharged the rule in
misdemeanor made absolute and judgment
that the respondents are guilty of misbe-
havior and their names be stricken from the
role Of attorneys.
Charles Wolses VS.. Anthony Iskc. Rule
for new trial discharged.
Rhodes & Young VS.. Charles Stockham.
Rule for new trial dischargek.
Hette A. Bars use VS.. the Farmer S
Mutual insurance company. Rule for new
trial made absolute.
John w. Croft VS.. Elizabeth Croft
Subpoena for divorce. Rule for new trial
made absolute. This case was tried some
time aTO at common nleaS cOurt at
which there was verdict for the plaintiff.
At that time it was not allowed to be
shown that the plaintiff had been SEN
fenced by the court to pay his wife sum
for maintenance, on the grounds of deser-
ton.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1880-04-03
LOCAL INTELLIGENCE.
The Plant Club.

There was the usual full attendance at
the meeting of this club last evening
seats all filled and number of persons
standing. The subject assigned at the
previous meeting for study by the class
was the Fruit and the Seed. The follow
ing questions were placed ON the black
board and answered by members as called
upon by Mr.. Burrowes: "What is the
fuit?" "What is simple fruit, and
what are its kinds?'' "What is an achen-
ium a samara legume? strobile ?"
"What is a seed? its parts?" "What is
the nucleus? the germ Prompt an
swers to these questions gave evidence
that the lesson had been carefully prepared.
The special subject for the evening was
the Pistil, in its design, structure and
variety of forms. This was discussed with
blackboard illustration by DR.. J. Harmer
Rile, after which the class analyzed by the
tables the Bloodroot, Sanguinaria Cana
densis of the Poppy Family. The various
steps in the analysis of this beautiful
flower had been previously placed upon the
board as follows: Heterogeneous exo-
genous, polypetalous; stamens more than
10; stamens not monadelphous pisti! one
completely so as to the ovary, which is one
celled with two parietal placentae calyx
free from the ovary leaves not punctate
calyx falling when the corolla opens:
Poppy family Sanguincaia Canadensis,
Bloodroot.'
The subject of the paper for next meet
ing of the club, to be held Monday evening,
18th inst, will be the Fruit. 1t will be
presented by Miss Martin.
Lancaster daily intelligencer. [volume] (Lancaster, Pa.) 1864-1928, 1880-04-03
. STATE ITEMS.

John Edmund Cope, for many years a
prominent merchant of Philadelphia died
on Thursday night, in his 5Sth year.
DR.. Caslow, of Halifax Dauphin county,
was struck by train of cars yesterday
and killed.
Little boy Johnston and little boy Tennis
of Altoona played with a rusty pistol with
a broken lock, and bullet was lodged in
the Tennis boys brain.
Ex-Gas Trustee Nathan Hills, of Phla-
dclphia, recently convicted of embezzling
the trust funds of the Bolton estate, has
been granted new trial.
William Kelly, who was tried in Pitts
burgh for numbering William p. Herrott,
was yesterday convicted Of murder in the
first degree.
Robert Butler, who has been on trial for
some time past at Smethport on the charge
of killing his brother, has been found
guilty of murder in the second degree and
sentenced to eight years. Imprisonment in
the Western penitentiary.
Hon. Silas NJ. Clark, of Indiana, is
spoken of as likely to be the Democratic
candidate for Congress in General Harry
Whites district. Mr.. Clark is one of the
ablest lawyers in the western part of the
state, in the prime of life, and would make
a representative worthy of any district or
people.
BY an incendiary fire in Shippensburg
on Thursday night four stables belonging
to Messrs. John Smith, James Reeder and
James Henderson, situated on East Main
street, together with four horses, five
wagons, one COW and one buggy, including
a large lot of grain, ETC., were entirely
destroyed,
A Blair county young man named James
Harlan, whose parents live on a farm near
Newry, is at present confined in the West
Penn hospital at Pittsburgh with both legs
off, and there is strong chance that he
will not live to revisit the old homestead.
Imbued with dime novel notions he quit
the farm and started for the great West by
stolen rides on freight trains.