Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1880-01-30

pounds as :; .yeary average. BY keeping
II daily record of the quantity Of butter
given 10y each cows milk. then a
shrinkag, of ii pound or two will show
that something is wrong with the COW or
the feed, and the matter should receive
the d;,iryman : attention.
Hon. y. A. Willard. of Little Falls,
y. Y, read an extended and elaborate
paper entitled dairying under low prices.
One cause of low prices is the Increase OF
production in Canada and the West, for
export. Then harI times in Engl;n and
the export thence of such large quantl-
| ties of American meats. Then the practice
of consuming So little cheese at home. If
/ each person in the country ate SIX pounds
| of cheese per annum, We should have
none to export. We must cultivate the
| home demand Use it ourselves and III
our families lie then went on to speak
Of the extravaganza and careless'ness m
/ lucrd by the twenty-five wears of unpar-
allcltd prosperity by the dairymen of the
country prior To the hard times
He urged education for his profess
SION of the farmer. rs men in other
callings are educated for their work. In
other times muscular strength was the
grand qualification of the farmer;
now he must have skill, intelligence and
culture; brain issrperior to muscle. even
though some farmers hold ''book knowl-
edge" in contempt.
TIT'RSpAY AFTERNOON.
At ; O'Clock Il large audience assembled
to listen to an address by cx-Gov. Smith,
of St. Adams. His topic was, The
| Problem of Eastern Agriculture. In
view of the rapid growth of the West,
future success among us at the East he
comes Il serious problem. Let us not
forget that the men who are to-day COM
peting with us i'll the West are orr sons,
having gone thithcr with their Eastern
aptitudes and trainings, now they come
To the front to disturb us as competitors.
There is only one way hy which our
farmers pre-emience can he regalned and
held. and that is by HOrOughneSS III Our
work. He cited the facts that by the Ia
test statistics, Vermont cows averaged
only 9S pounds ri butter each, per
annum. Raise this average to1jn pounds,
and nearly one million and n half of dol
lars would he added to the annual income
of our farmers this with no I'M
provement i'll many directions where I'M
provement is possible He then passed
to the rapid increase in the export bust
ness of American butter For the year
ending June 30. 1879, the amount was
but little more than that exported dur
ing the last six months of 1879. The
growth of the Western creamery
business has pushed forward this
export trade though the rapid
growth of Western competition may be
greater than the export demands. Eng,
land demands better quality of buttel
than We now furnish. and the way foi
lis to maintain our supremacy Is to I'M
prove the gudiitH Of our dairy products
, Indications are not wanting to show thai
the late relief to our dairymen Will con
time. The vast investment of capital IL
refrigerator ears and ocean steamships /:
one indication, for capital is not liberalll
invested in temporary enterprise. TheI
the social and political connections o
England and continental Europe opel
large fields for our agricultural products
1t is fact that our farm and dairy pro
ducts can be laid down in English mar
kets cheaper than the same can be raiset
there, even if the peasantry pay no rem
for the land. This constitutes n disturb
ing element i'll the social condition of thu
British Empire, and while it lasts
market will be found for us, but it il a
best temporary. and the question still
: holds: What is the future of our New
England agriculturists? Formerly the
railroads transported cattle on the hoo
having the hide, iallow, etc. to b,
. manufactured here Now the refrigera
tor cars transport only the dresse,
meat. and consequently the tanneries Of
the East go West. Then the boot an,
shoe factories follow, and already CbicaS'
!, is becoming formidable rival OF Salem
Lynn and other manufacturing towns O
, the East 1t seems frouGht with evil Il
us East. bat ii Is great movement o
, providence in the march of human his
, tory, III which great changes are inevlta
: BILE Our work and success Will be t,
control, 10y our culture and moral force
the civilization West i'll the future us IL
past. In answer to question, Gov
Smith said the annual rent of land was
, from ten to twenty iive dollars per acre
Wheat can be laid down III Liverpon
from Dakota at lower price than TIN
bare cost of growing the wheat i'll Eng
land
At this point the exercises Were sus
pended and samples Of cheese sent the
.. Association by Messrs ii. X. X f. B.
Thurber of New York, were cut NJ
and distributed among the audience
The specimens were Canada Cheddar, ;
first prize cheese ut the late 1ntcrnationa
Fair; English Chcd,lar, Il second prize
+ article: English Stilton; Edam,
Dutch prize cheese Geueyere, Il Swls
prize, and Roquefort, mixture of sheet
and goats milk. The American Associa
ton sent similar samples. The audience
seemed to enjoy this slight innovation
Gov Smith was again called out on tn
question of through and local rates o
A freight He met it squarely and full.
$ vindicutcd i'll its essential features TIN
e policy of the Central's management q
t its freight business. He showed the diff
e ference Of cost in hauling local ant
: through frcights, III the matter of statlol
houses, sidings, extra men, etc. com
pared with the work of hitching to tran
all made mp and hauling 1t over the line
He gave the rates Of local and through
freichts, showing that the local rates In,
, not been taxed t. make up losses oi
J.. through freiGhtS.
r Gov. Smith was closely questioned
and answered promptly and to the entire
= satisfaction of reasonable men. He tol,
: the audience that his road had never put
| extra rates ON local traffic to make up
$ possible losses ON through freiShts. Thu
low through freight was Il necessity
I they must do it or sacrifice their through
5 business. and the results had lustltiet
their policy.
t ]. ID. French. uf Boston, delivered al
address on Ayrshire cattle and thei
, alapte,lness 10 New England. He dwell
= ON the history of his breed, the first be
in1 importe,l in 1S1S Large Mixers n