The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1880-06-19
COLUMBUS, MISSISSIPPI, JUNE 70,
together with everything pertaining
to the Land Office.

together with every thing pertaining
to the Land Office.
Subsequently, or in 1903, a navy
department was organized by stat.
Hte, and the Secretary of the Navy
was invited by the President into
his Cabinet.
An act of the first Coffgfsss
1880, designated the Attorney Gen.
eral as that officer who shall con,
duct all st,its in the Supreme Court
in which the United States is a
party, and requires him TO give
legal advice or submit opinions
tp5h questions of law when re-
quested BY the President or the
heads of Departments, In 1861 the
supervision of the district attorneys
and United States marshals was
transferred to this officer, but it was
fi6t Until 1870 that the Department
of Justice Hss by formal enactment
made an Executive Department.
In I849 the Department 6f the
Interior was created by statute, and
to its eontrol were assigned the bu
reaus of Pensions; Indian Affairs,
Public Lands, and the Patent Of
flee; and subsequently the Census
Bureau, control of the mines of the
United States, and of the district
attorneys and the United States
t'iarshals, though as we have seen
these last ~ srs at still later date
transferred to the Department of
Justice.
In Colonial times we had a post,
master general, for BENJAMIN Frank
lin was appointed to that office by
Great Britain, and the Constitution
authorizes Congress eto establish
postoffices and post-roads; but
nowhere does that instrument nor
the statutory law of our country
elevate the Postoffice into an execu-
tive department. That creation
awaited the dictum of Andrew
Jackson, who, in 1920, appointed
JOHN Mclean, of Ohio, his Post
master General and invited him
into his Cabinet Thus, Mr.. Chair
man, it will be seen that the Cabi-
net, like our country, has grown in
size as it has advanced in years un-
til to-dayit is more than twice as
large as it was when we were at
the other end of our centennial ex-
istence; and the demands of the
country remind us that this increase
has not yet reached its maximum.
AS our population increases our cul-
tivated area is enla1 ged, our towns
and cities are multiplied, our COM
merce is extended, our industries
are developed, and our civilization
becomes more enlightened, the re-
sponsibilities of our Executive be-
comes more grave, and the wisdom
of a multitude of counsellors more
necessary Whence are to come
these additional counsellors, from
what walks of life are they to be
taken, or what interests are they to
represent, will be left to the be
hests of people in the future. Al
present the agriculturists demand
that they and their interests shall
be represented at the National cap
ital by an officer who shall receive
the same pay, and who shall be the
peer of those who sit around tina
council board, where there is Meth
i IL, I'M
portance but equality in rank ane
authority.
Apreciating, Mr.. Chairman, how
very dissimilar our Government i
in its construction and its admins
tration from all the other govern
ments in Christendom, it is witt
hesitation that / cite for the infor
nation of this House the exalte'
consideration some of the creates
nations in the world have bestowe'
upon agriculture.
In the German Empire, as fed
Grafton, there are no heads of de
partments, but each State has it
own officer devoted to this brancI
of the public service. For Instance
in Prussia the minister of agricultur
is one of the eight secretaries c
state, and has charge of everythin
that pertains to the advancement c
agriculture.
In the Austro- Hungarian monal
chy the minister of agriculture
one of the seven secretaries formin
/ the council of ministers.
In Italy the minister of Agricu
ture is one of the nine heads of de
| partments.
/ In Spain the minister of Agricu
ture and Commerce is one of th
/ council of ministers, of whom the1
are eight.
| In Russia the ministry of the d.
mains, presided by one of the te
| secretaries of state, has in its charg