Daily Los Angeles herald., 1880-12-22

~ an k1ka yEkttA1s.
Observation-Disclosures. %. 1850.
mnssaan Rssparassens for . Osl-
uissen win Chins.
In view OF the present threaten
Ing aspect Of the relations between
China and Russia. growing out OF
The Kuldja difficulty, we condense
1rom : late number of the Edin-
Jo9Sk Revtsw some salient and in
otsuotive facts - to Russia's power
u ~ Pacific. Few persons are
AvnSo that the original home Of
~ Mantchus, who gave the reign
lns dynasty TO the Middle King.
dom. has, within the past twenty
Yoaru, passed almost wholly
under the Csar's control. The first
eneroaehmsnts of the Muscovite
o. the original dwelling place Of
his race seem to have been nearly
coincldent with the establishment
q the nrst Mantchu Emperor 1t
Rekln. It was only after contest
oe two hundred years, however,
that Russia became dominant in
the region Of the AMOR, which,
with it, affluents, drains . basin
eovsrlng more than 100000 square
miles. Up to the junction Of the
Amor with the Usuri. the great
river forms the frontier between
The dominlons Of the Gar and Chi
nees Tartary; but between thii
Point and the Gulf Of Tartary, both
hanks Of the Amoor are now Rus
alan territory. The river Usuril
which flows In q northeast direc-
tion from Cores, Is the western
limit Of the great tract acquired by
0en. Ignatisf for Russia through
the treaty negotiated in Novem.
Der, 1850. The river Tumen is new
the southern boundary Of Russia In
these parts, and divides the new
Amor province from the Corean
pouinsula. This territory was
rounded of by . treaty with Japan
IN 1875, whereby the latter country
oeded to Russia the southern por'
tlon Of the island of 6aghalien. W.
are told by Mr.. Ravenstein, who
has lately visited the country, thai
the region through which thu
lower part Of the Amoor flows, II
on the whole fertile and inviting
the banks being clothed with for
ests Of useful trees, and the fsrtili
" OF the soil being proved by tn,
sase with which cereals and gar
den vegetables are grown by set
tlsrs and the garrisons Of the sew
srAI stations. 1t appears, too, tina
: coal field containing, not the ter
tIary coal Of the Chinese seaboard
hut juraasic coal Of superior quail
81, strikes straight across tn
Amoor basin. The chief value o
these late acquisitions Of territor.
1les, however, for the moment, q
least. In the fact Of their confer
ring the long.coveted advantage 9
accessible harbors on the Pacific
IN > comparatively temperate lati
tuds, where navigation is impede
BY Ice for only three or four month
during the year. Indeed, til
southsrnmost gulf of the newl.
csded region lies in tho latitude o
the Gulf Of Lyons, or Of Massa
chusetts Bay, and contains numer
Gus nne harbors and inlets.
The whole coast of the inlant
Cult OF Tartary, which is fenced of
from the Okhotsk Sea by the grea
inland screen or natural breakwa
ter Of 6aghalien, is indented will
places Of secure and easily defend
I'd anchorage. Twenty miles up
stream from the mouth of tht
Amoor estuary, which forms thu
northern limit of the gulf, stand
Eikalayevsk. This, the early cap
ital Of the maritime region, had
Ut last accounts, q population, in.
GLIDING the garrison, of 5000. 1t IL
frozen In for several months every
year, and the came may be said Of
Castries Bay, about hundred
miles further south, which lies neal
the bend of the Amor, before the
latter turns from its eastward
course due north. Passing over
several harbors of no small merit,
We come to Olga Bay, which Is
south Of the forty-fourth parallel,
and in whose inner harbor the
largest vessels can find shelter
from all winds. The settlement al
this place is said to be busy and
thriving, farming being carried or
and cattle and sheep being plenti
fuI AID cheap. Still further south
We reach harbor pronounced by
all observers one of the finest In
the world. This is Vladivostok, OF
the "Domlnion of the East" stu
sted in . deep blight formed in tn,