davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03

until ten years old. In 1876 Cali
fornia had $4,000 olive trees; Los
Angeles county had 1874 OF them.
In the Southern part of Spain.
they usually plant large limbs from
old trees, often eight TO ten feet in
length and two to three inches in
diameter. They grow very rapidly,
and bear in two years. They sink
the limb four or five feet in the
ground, and earth up the body two
to three feet with clay above ground.
In one case where they wanted to
make support for wheel, to draw
water, they used two branches of an
olive tree, twelve inches in diameter,
both grew and bore. In the vicinity
of Seville, Spain, they give the
greatest care and grow the finest
fruit. There, a good olive tree
yields from twelve to fifteen gallons
Of oil, pressed out by their rude
presses. At Alcala, near Seville,
they have about 200 acres in olives.
When rain falls there IN August,
their olives suffer very much from it.
The variety called La Reyna, large
olive, is grown extensively there tor
picking. 1t does not yield mach
oil. The fruit is as large as a good
sized plum. After the olives are
gathered they lie in heap usually
about fifteen days before pressing
them. They plant their trees about
tweaty-seven feet apart.
In Marseilles, France, large guam.
titles of second quality of olives are
picked or preserved, as follows:
For each pound Of olives take one
pound of ashes and one ounce of
lime; boil until the water is neither
clear nor thick, immerse the olives;
when the flesh is easily detached
from the stone, usually in five or six
hours, wash with clear water, and
leave in water nine days; change
the water every twenty-tour hours;
then put in strong brine, seasoned
with few grains of coriander seeds.
(For further information, look at
your Encyclopaedia
Rhode Islands will be our great
est competitor. More olive oil
from cotton seed) is sold there than
imported in the United States. AL
most all the old bottle dealers in the
n orth ship their old sweet oil bot
ties to Rhode Island. Ten thousand
at time ispa small number to ship,
where they are reflled, relabelIed
and repacked as imported oil. We
oct OHM share no Ahnht
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03
Farming Under the Sea.

Everywhere upon the coast of
Eastern New England may be found
ten feet below the water mark, the
lichen known as carrageen-the
Irish moss" of commerce. 1t may
be torn from the rocks anywhere,
and yet the little seaport of Scituate
is almost the only place in the coun-
try where it is gathered and cured.
This village is the great center of the
moss business in this country, and
The entire Union draws its supplies
from its beaches. Long rakes are
used in tilling this marine farm, and
it does not take long to fill the many
dories that await the lichen, torn
from its salty rock bed. The hus-
bands and fathers gather the moss
from the sea. and the mothers and
daughters prepare it for the market.
Soak it in water and it will melt
away to a jelly boil it in milk and
a delicious white and creamy blanc
mango is the result. The annual
product is from 10000 to $4,000
barrels, and it brings $4,000 into
the town, which is shared by $50
families. It's consumption in the
manufacture of lager beer is very
large, and the entire beer of the
country draws it supplies from
Scituate beaches, as the importation
from Ireland has almost ceased. 1t
is not generally known that the moss,
as an article of food, is called ''sea.
moss tarma."
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03
Varieties of. the Sugar-!Cane.
Slnln1OnS.
NUMBER XVIII

: 2 EGYPT.
The following account of sugar
cultivation in Egypt, from the pen
Of the Right Hon. S. Cave, was con.
tributed to the Barbados A9ricultawai
Reporter some years ago, and there.
fore requires considerable modifica.
ton as compared with the present
time:
"The sugar-cane was unknown to
the ancient Egyptians; it does not
appear in those painted and
sculptured tombs which, like the
Etruscan, have preserved the details
OF domestic life in remote ages. The
date, and doum palms, still familiar
to. the Nile voyager, are portrayed
there, as well as the lotus, and papy-
rus now almost extinct, but never the
sugar cane. Nor is it enumerated,
as it surely would have been ii known
at the time, among the vegetables,
"the leehs, and melons, and cucum-
bers'' tor which the Hebrews longed,
when wandering on the nitrous plat
eau of the great desert EI Tih. And
If identical, as supposed, with "the
sweet cane" or ''calamusn which
formed part of the composition of
the holy ointment for the Tabernacle,
and is mentioned in Solomon's Song,
and the Prophecy of Jeremiah, it
was, even SO late as the Jewish mon
archy, brought "from far country"
Hence Dioscorides and Pliny have
erred in calling it a native OF Arabia,
and it is correctly ommitted from the
list OF Indigenous products of that
country by.a most careful writer,
Niebuhr the botanist. 1t was prob
ably transplanted from India or China
i'll early times, during one OF the many
migrationS which brought the hordes
OF Eastern Asia to the shores OF the
Mediterranean. 1t is mentioned by
Greek and Roman authors. The |
Crusaders found it in Egypt and
Syria. Their antagonists, the Sara
Gems, carried it with them in Spain,
where it fourishes still in the semi
tropical climate from Malaga to Mo-
tril, having become the parent OF
more important cultivation in North
and South America
"About the year 1900, Giovanni
Lioni says that it abounded in the
Thebaid and the north OF Africa, and |
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03
The Goat i'm England,
From The Rural Neae Yorker.

ETOm tHe hUrdt NeD Yorker.
The English people of fashion have
taken up the goat an animal pro
verbally signi6cative Of general
wickedness. They have labored
long and arduously to make it popu.
lar as dairy animal and as a substl
tute for the gentler sheep for the pro.
duction OF mutton and lamb. With
this intent the British Goat Society
recently held the first OF series OF
kid dinners at the Alexandra Palace.
One hundred and thirty-two mem.
bers have enrolled themselves as adj
mirers, supporters and defenders OF
the British goat. Earls, Dukes,
Baronets and one Baroness, an estim.
able lady whose name-Burdett.
Coutts-is connected with every
charitable and philanthropic purpose
are numbered among the vice presi-
dents. This ought to give the Britt
ish goat social standing at once, and
early reconcile an irate heasskeoper
who has detected the hair on the
shank Of her last quarter OF lamb, to
this delinquency of her roguish
butcher. Fifty distinguished per.
sons sat down TO eat goat and kid
prepared by skilltul chef de c,ticipe.
Swiss scenery with pictures of noun
tain goats, adorned the bill OF fare
and on the whole the banquet was
considered as settling all doubts as
to the beauty and excellence OF the
goat not only as a source Of mutton
and lamb, but also of milk and but
ter; for all these helped to furnish
the menu.
A British Goat Herd Book is al.
ready established, and goat exhibi.
lions are held and well patronized,
as, of course, they would be when
earls and dukes are exhibited at the
same time. Here in America the.
way of the goat is hard. He is de-
spised and rejected, and is sub
ject of derision TO the small boys and
a source of trouble and annoyance to
the poster of handbills, not to speak
OF his raids upon the properties OF
the laundry women whose lighter
articles OF attire so soon become the
prey of his uncomfortable appetite.
Not even the high.bred Angora can
hold his own in this country; and
the farmer who has been rash enough
to purchase pair, "to get into the
stock" is tired OF climbing on to his
barn root to gather them in from
their elevated roosts every evening.
1t is all in association. The pre-
sent low and vulgar tastes OF the
American goat, prevents his rise in
society, and as we have no earls or
dukes here to introduce him to high |
life, there seems to be no encourage,
nent to hope for his recovery from
lis present depraved and despised !
condition.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03
uow to Raise 800 Bushels OF
IA'" Potatoes per Acre.
s. GoOdGIe, IN LEf' O'"' 11O"'
FERTl1ZERS.

,ro,,r,, S, GoOdGIe, an L@f' """ A10"'e'
i-' FERTlI ZERS.
Potatoes are gro $ feeders, and to
10 in the higf st degree, must
tnli'o On abundant of food OF the
nav S, @ quality. TT bcuntiful use of
rishS MANURE. saNght or ten cords
s'"o VIZ acre will pve an important
10 :n tonce in our erts to obtain an
Extraordinary en- II 1ermented
eAc 4 thoroughly tied, it may be
anu anu u inst previoto the last plow-
ePl CO.. an1 then welfrowed in. But
.u9 advisable thai coarse, infer
Y IL n 10 manures pld be applied
n. 1aast six mont previously, and
- carefully incorpo1 with the SOIL
- not that the size 9 crop Will thus
s. nv M ;ucreased, but danger Of rot
n, ~ viii be lesseneNoreover. the
IN ~ of ran nures will en-.
ne %ance the delicacf favor in pota-
III .ns increase thaoothness and
No I I"o1tv and conssly their value
AN for marketing. FVer rich the
$40 40 soil has been pre- made, a spe-
ave 81 li fertilizer III II or drill at
1 Wanting will lai increase the
pro. ppield, partly becaiberates and
IS a SSanders available, plant food,
/ !, Is Is which without thp would re-
axes VAIN VAIN inert, Thei everal pota-
pan 40 t manures in tlet ranging
SEM w. tUom s2S to $50 IA valua-
neal HE fertilizer can as follows :
'hein Take one ton OF le flour and
trees a%nu, one cord lie soil, no
oNen 'a"t,er how wet, m sod and |
o ' s5 stones stones Place It'd bone ii,
re- % % 1syers on a barn fhder cover
ne 600 ~; Of a she'd, with els Of soil
"a 1' S.oI to cover the heavyweight
" "a ga f hours it will be vld should
i, 0 0Stv so remain undis9l it be-
eignVS 81 @;ns 80 cool, in a ten days.
1.h en ,ree Then "chop dow shovel 81
1 one Of thoroughly mixlnFlll neat
Nv AGAIN. In few over IN
5. MI -" a.,,o manner, d as the
%, Cali the same .;nn ceasIor two
/, ten to lermeh1@t Solf ton plaster
nty-one add one ilT r harreIe five
were Al o"e .n ~ 1narrels unlt ashes)
rom cut to ten pai IN load dnst or
ven rev a anu q This quabe APP
ON lue"A VI "NI' .,nb the So four
live tree Piled VIZ +,toes, bo 70.
~ fairly acres OF poO"' r7
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03
The IXtla Plant.
From the San Atoaias Express.

rTV"' s'e ~" <aeOF~~S ANIpTeSS'
There is q great deal of ixtla in the
mountains of the far west though no
one gathers it except tor ropes and
sacks. Mr.. Crossin says his wool is
put up in sacks from it in Mexico, at
San Roslea and other places in the
State OF chihuahua. This plant is
something like stunted growth OF
the Spanish dagger in appearance.
The ixtla is. a small growth, being
only about eighteen inches high, and
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03
Olives.
ida Dispatch.

From the N S5@rSH York Times, OF septe t%e
me S1h N saws: "some day, wn VINE c sne
Der Sun SAY More money or more CAP
South has har disposal, we can make !eo on.
l o;1 al home, as from III, tne ox S Of
on OF Georgia e. down to the ez a1;He tree
OF OF o @id mainland the onv IVA very
Florlo" ramarkably well, and very
good on Mas noti n several communlc "a
+ tiong lately in flo a,,;~e inquiries
C o';ve culture, ETC., making 1;s.o trees il
: owe oIo Probably the olive .t t cd from
: etc ETC. ia "a have been propagat9ern AZ ,' tn
IS FLORIDA l haFo olive, introduced by VI
e the span'ICH catholic missionaries IN u
% 10 early days with go grI 1pthmus Of Pa
iro ,a and along the PACING ,;t eUr,Ss ba
II, ama' I'D aio Missions in Calliorh'A No
Of the GU olive growing ~ ~
NC the SpanlS3Ih e start right ana P
Of We had OG Erench olive. 1t has
gar P agg' narrow leaf; ne %ren @pSI ma
broad bro ns snu o for picking the Ill p
lily the mes ~ o GOOD. The finest 20; Ut' ,
and 1 isl = America ns comes from ." s souti
rely 10 %Torseilles, France. IN the t
ecs H oalitornia Santa Bsrb "nftin sps
t. 'lf at six years from o. G" Gives to
1t OF n Weld twenty gallons , os ther
fall { "Sn,s "0 per gallon; Mr. FROM DaH
nent. Genus orts Barbara. llon soo
Of U tTsas i've years old, pick19Gi eD DO'
,lng l toraa al tSemssion 'ees xs 0Se an
Every wears wears S eEop the 50 Sae
7 scat inoU' Gallons. In 90
of an is h nln ,ra9s pToduoed 1872 g1AlU sac
works the wv fZimban, San DlesN
ID was E tnr"s, a. put H out 15o outlines ,wsn
laheen, lolnl"' f,nches long; III W. wv
rushed swyl[S ln mors ,han Onshat r.,
ns in bloom t1sot Two hs years. nas five 70 s sew
'c ct the the high, and d.f G"'t aoTss me Of
.covado, 10 s0' ~, come into bearAnE
Iii Inv does hOS
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03

the viceroy in the towns at a price
which in time of unusual abundance
he kept up by expectation. Since his
death the system has been much
modified; the land has in most in
stances been resold to the former
proprietors, and the factories have
passed to the princes of the viceroy's
family, or to companies. The forced
labor system being also to a certain
extent abolished, the Fellaheen pre-
fer making as we'll as growing their
own sugar, because, as they told me,
the central factory, under the new
system of sale, frequently omitted to
pay them tor their canes, but always
exacted full price tor the sugar made
from them. This short.sighted and
thoroughly oriental policy has gener-
ally reduced the factories to the man.
ufacture of the sugar grown on their
own estates.
''The nominal wages OF a field Ia
borer are three piastres, or six-pence
a day, or two piastres with liberty
to grow corn between the cane rows;
except, however, on the princes
lands, where quasi slavery is winked
at, there is great scarcity of labor,
owing to the large levies, and waste
full system of recruiting for the vicer
oys army, and public works.
"The above causes have led to the
abandonment of more than one once
flourishing mandatory, suchas those
a Fairshiout Bajoura and Gulf Sahau,
though the actual breadth OF cultiva
ton is probably as extensive as ever.
II visited several village factories ;
this is the description of one near
the remarkabls rock tombs of Tel
Amarna:
"The mill was under a rude shed
partially screened by date palms, and
with scanty palm thatch on the
sunny side onl y, tor there is little
tear of rain in Upper Egypt. 1t con-
sists OF two vertical wooden rollers
about SIX inches in diameter turned
by one OK. The canes are passed |
and repassed three or four times be.
,ween the rollers, and very imper-
5ectly ground after all. The small
OF juice flowed into a vat
beneath; when this was full the mill
vas stopped, and the juice, mingled
With all kinds of eXtraneous matter,
vas carried in buckets to a deep iron
oan under another shed, in which
t was evaporated over char
,oal fire and then cooled in earthen-
AT, ..sgn , is kN-those lunder which
- IN No 49,. .,.; [
ssEs eos Is grown IN E0gl anS moas
result very very c o"t to the Fellaheen IN
s sSe n, NJ Of Their ,, GIst,e
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

- carried on Win ~ "' If in L
was .Is Srn.p' the traveller, saw W., ~ da av
,r "pF"9 Eaypt; and in our own "rn HaS
Upper on mS3p Of the Prusslan eHpAo; in
DR.. heP "aT;tion, found at kem 1 8,n M
ing ezpeo aa 81 SEMINAR on the blue f
Nj Me. under the htteensnf factory. i and |
~ l latitude, sugar 1 trom sugar
n lSavnfacture OF brandy from an ramed
m MAJ conducted by a Gernta nahs and
G %aaner and worked by An% lowing
bea s,as The principal sugar-g resent
slaves ',;"+ in Egypt, at the Pre- 1oi
time, e1 5otitude, TO Erment aoo o,'
T Thebes, 30 3O' north a., lat Nile valley
| me-" both sides Of the Nn9 ahov,
| pS,n9 broadest and rlcneSe canes i.
| %hei Ee1ta, The sheet OF can3 Wes
| however, ip Gn;nea corn, and veSe'
| Indies ~ Wy veil as by cotton ana y
ables, as sn % a considerable space :,
S STV by groves OF DATE p pnt stan !,
unit emit Of which is an impor'II arqely
~ Eaypt, and contributes '"'
IhG WIN Mehemet Ali decIare' - -
| g" ngn nronrietor OF the soil
seit sole e ,p peop justified accord.
h =. 4 Clot. Bey by the grec '" CIV
70 4os n, he established i larg E;, ."
Jos ",pa and factories on the NnG =
ESQ., esat Of which was founded az o IN
moon, I0i br English, French,
1 ntaEa1s, though now a d,,l s. en' %
% Of ma, MANY an interesting moHulnv V
an,iouity, spared 10y succ S Mow +
@ All ;Hvasion, but destined now 81 y
o. f fn" ,'' the march OF improve,
nelT %ort or Arab never drea'
a 1u. ;not ~ for stone, so long as
W. more easily obtained oS !; r
w an old temple so h ne
u ',T;cs and sculptured hgure:ss M
PMo oT, ed position are plentiful
mve 1 oraI the walls and floor
Egyptian boiling house, a;n nT Ia
mus built, the surroun Hn TeI
.n mr out among the re-
pa neasantry, who were ~
or pe .A1@~ts and rude instrun
culture, and compelled 10 w., y,
I cortain amount OF canes per-
III which they receive one.'n NV,
Il "llG in coarse black N"
CH} P pro rest being refined and
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-11-03

s; ;:s ,s !; sugar r sSs nss
s ses is dOled out to , the cultivation
tn, the t Rf0 PPead man Of the village
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1880-02-12

sAS FaAScrsco, Feb. 1850 ?. ~
aso si.rrs Nevada. n \; 20 Yellow Jacket,
on: 500 Imperial. soc; $50 Nj Potosi, 8 6s,
Is do 8 70. 400 do 81 200 E,ohsqusr. ~,
$50 do q IS; 8 NJ Diablo. 2os. 10 do a;
$50 Eas. NJ. Diablo. 2. 100 do q 10. 4es do
Is. $50 do . 40. s do ~; $50 Beleher.
In, 100 do liz, IS do IN; Is Ophir,
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1880-02-12
fhe Rise In PAPER.

WASHINGTON. February ~. - Paper
are actively fighting Forts bill.
They say II Is true that printing paper
has advanced 40 to 80 per cent. In six or
eight months. The causes, they insist.
are: The price Of domestic colorsd rags
has increased from TX to 3A cents per
pound. Rags had never been 30 low -
they were six months ago. when rags OF
the best quality could be purchased st
TX cents per pound. This price was
not sufficient 10 induce persons TO save
and sell rags or pay for their collection.
Consequently the stock was very low.
and when the business revival began
and paper was demanded by all the 70.
viving Industries, the price Immediately
advanced In this country and Europe.
CsblsRrams have been received from
dealers within o week ordering their
agents here not to sell another pound OF
rags, a. the price Of paper is rapidly In.
creasing there. Eighteen months ago
bleaching powder could be purchased at
q cent . pound; now 1t Is two cents. The
same IL true OF soda ash and caustio soda,
the chemicals used In the manufacture
Of paper. Bleaching powder Ia on the
free list, 90 that II 10 not = question Of
tariff a. to that article. The price Of do.
mestic alum. another important chemical
used In making paper. has not materially
advanced. Labor also has advanced.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1880-02-12
Reagan Bill substitute.

WASHINGTON. February 1.-THE Rsa-
gan bill substitute provides for . Ma.
tional Board Of Railroad Commissioners,
whose duty It shall be to exercise q gen.
sral supervision ' Q railroads that cross
State lines and do not lie wholly within
the boundaries OF . single State. with
the power to examine the books and
business OF these roads, to see that all
laws relating to them are enforced, to
examine into the methods aud systems
Of transportation, aud to report to Con.
gress the necessary data for the passage
OF an intelligent system al railroad leg
islation; the commission 10 to hear
and investigate complaints Of ill.treat-
ment by railroad corporations, and when
they shall and that any railroad does not
conduct itself In Q manner promotive Of
public interests, they shall report the
same to Congress in order that the
abuses found to exist may b corrected
aud prevented by legislation. When the
Commission and that the law has been
violated they are required to report ct
once to the Attorney General. The
Board Is given power to call for persons
and papers and take evidence. The bill
also prohibits any railroad company
charging one person more than another
for the Same service, and from directly
or indirectly afordiug n person better
facilities than another. This 10 very
nearly what IL known y the Massachu.
setts plan, which wal reoommspded to
the committee recently by Charles Fran.
els Adams, Jr.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1880-02-12
CHINESE LABOR.
About Using is In shs Cosssruesles
OF the Bodle Railroad.

II is wholly undecided a. yet whether
the Miners Union Of Lyon county will
allow tho employment Of Chinese on
this end OF the bodie railroad or not.
There has been .. committee appointed
by each Of the three Unions In Lyon
and Storey counties to whom the matter
has been referred. These committees
will. II Is understood, meet tonight and
very soon the matter will be determined.
The argument used in favor Of allow.
ing the road to employ Chinese labor Ia
this : "Ths road will cost from $780,
600 to 50, 900, 900 and. in order to have
rates cheap over II, must DO CONSTRUCTED
at as low figures a. possible. One hun
dred miles OF the road can b constructed
BY the use OF Chinese labor a. ehsaply
as so miles by employing white labor"
II will DO seen therefore that the Unions
have a question OF some Importance to
settle, even allowing their decision to
reach no further than the Lyon county
limits.
There IL not much doubt but that Chi.
ness will do the most OF the work along
the line Of the road at any rate. The
question IL /: Shall they come into Lyon
county and work thsrs2 .
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1880-02-12
strike In Ophir.

A most important development has
been made in Ophir. In extending the
crosscut east from beyond the slopes in
the Hardy vein on the 2l00 level .
striuger Of ore three feet in width has
been encountered and cut through. The
ore at this point 10 very rich, some OF 1t
yielding 5000 and the entire vein aver
aging $500. A mentioned in ysster-
days report. this crosscut was started to
determine whether the recent workings
in this part Of the mine were in the
Hardy vein or not-s point hitherto
undetermined. The indications At pres
emit are that IN entirely new formation
has been encountered. But whether tn
Hardy vein or not. the strike Ia none the
less important. and. serves to show how
very little is really known Of that por.
ton Of the mine. THERE'S . likelihood.
however, Of more being known a. fast
a. Developments can be made.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1880-02-12
Blaine Talk.

WASHINGTON. February ia mum.
Der Of prominent Blaine men are In this
city holding . conference with Mr..
Blaine for the purpose Of ascertaining
whether hs will encourage them in
organizing against the Grant "boom."
A conference will DO held with j. p.
Root OF Chicago tomorrow. This gen.
tleman said last evening that Illinois
was by no means assured to Grant II the
friends OF Blaine assert themselves.
William E. Chandler, an active Blaine
man. says that his mans fate now do.
ponds upon the Western States. and
that II thoroughly organized, the West
ern men can defeat Grant. Otherwise,
Grant IL certain TO carry the day, ~ hs
Ia Q candidate 10 win, regardless Of
majority.
DrraoIr. February II. - Interviews
with Republicans all over the State Of
Michigan show that Blaine 10 the choice
for President BY two to q over Grant,
who 10 second; Sherman stands third,
then Washburne.
PORTLAND (0r.), February 1.-THE
Oregonian publishes interviews with 81
Republicans Of Salem - to Presidential
preferences. The result shows Blaine
to be the first choice Of 81, Grant IA.
Sherman 4. Hayes 4. scattering 4.