davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
NO. Al.
GuilIotine.

This machine, which was brought INTO
use in the early period of the French Revo-
luton, is not altogether modern invention.
Similar contrivances were in use IN several
parts of Europe during the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries, if not before. Ac-
cording TO Crusius, in his ''Annales Suevi-
ci" (l595), such an instrument of decapita-
tion existed in early times in Germany, but
was superseded by the sword: 1t was
styled FdiibeiL, falling hatchet A repre-
sentation of it may be seen in two old en-
grayiDgs-the one by George Penez, who
died in 1850; the other by Heinrich Aide
grever, bearing the date of 1553-and also
in an old picture, which. according to Relf-
fenberg, is still preserved in the city hall
Of Augsburg. Jean d'Autun, the historic
grapher of Louis MI. of France, narrating
an execution which he witnessed at Genoa,
May l3, 1907, describes a machine exactly
like the guIllotine- This is the Bldnndia,
which WAS used in all parts of Italy for the
execution of men of rank, and is fully de-
scribed by Pere Labat in his Voyage en-
Espagne ct en- Italie en- 1880" The same
had been INTRODUCED into Southern France
and Puysegur, in his Memories, makes
allusion to it on the occasion of the execu-
ton OF Montmorency in 1852. A similar
existed in the Netherlands.
The - Maiden" Of Scotland, which was
used in the decapitation of the Regent
Morton in 1881, and Is still preserved in
the Museum of the Antiquarian Society at
Edinburg, was an instrument akin to
those above mentioned; and either it, or
at least the pattern of il, has been brought
from abroad by the very man who suffered
by it. The decapitating machine, there
fore, was far from being a novelty when
DIR. GuillOtine suggested its application in
1889.
Ii is q remarkable instance of the vitality
Of a popular error, that Thackeray. who
was evidently well acquainted with French
history and French affairs generally,
should, in his Philip" chapter sixteen,
have fallen into the common mistake of
slpposlng that DIR. Guillotine persisted by
n cans of the instrument that bears his
d ime, but which he did not, as Thacs cray
'ays, invent. Thac2eray does not actually
,ssert that GuillotIne died on the guillotine;
put he puts it in the form of a question,
he answer to which is, of course, intended
~ oS JoS' W 40 hOt SOOu III uulIiOtlnc
Executed by his own neat inventionf'
Now, nothing. suppose, is more certain
han that Guillotine survived the great
evolution many years, and died natural
ieath in 1914. | fear, however, that for
many year yet, the real human French
physician is doomed ''to point moral
nd adorn Il tale" along with Perillus
nd others who have fallen into their own
rap.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
American Glass Making.

The first glass factory in America was
erected in 1909 near jamestown, Va, and
the second followed in the same colony
twelve years later. In 1859 some acres of
ground were granted to glassmen in Salem,
Mass, probably the first year of the indus
try which was prosecuted there for many
years. The first glass factory in Pennsyl-
vania was built near Philadelphia in 1853,
under the direction of VIM. Penn, but il
did not prove successful. The first glass
factory west of the Alleghenies was set up
by Albert Gallatin and his associates in
1875, at New Geneva, on the MonOngahela
River. \ small factory was established on
the Ohio River. near Pittsburg, in 1890,
and another in 1875. The earlier attempt
failed, the latter was quite successful. In
lSlU there were twenty-five glass factories
In the country, with an annual product
valued at Sl,047, ,0J0. There are now
about five times as many factories, produc-
ing eight times as much glass According
TO the returns received under the recent
census, our flint glass factories turn out
2lO, 554 tons of table and other glassware;
and the window-glass works produce q
GA, 40. The total value of the product is
nearly $45, 100000.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
Iceland Ponies.

In order to travel with speed and COM
fort, each horseman requires a couple Of
ponies, which are sacdled and ridden
alternately, while the loose horses and
those carrying the baggage are driven for
ward in a little herd, with shouts and
cracking of whips. Spurs are unknown,
and an Icelandic whip is certainly a most
humane invention, with a thin leather
strap for thong, and devoid altogether of
a lash; the ponies despise it utterly, and
although it makes a noise, it evidently does
not hurt. Accustomed from his birth to
find his way over his wild mountain pas
lures, the Iceland pony is so clever and
sure-foOted as to give his rider a sense OF
security, even in the most awkward places,
and if left TO himself he will never make
q mistake. He is as cautious as an ele-
phant, snuffing at every suspicious place,
and testing it with his fore foot; if dis
satisfied, nothing will induce him to pro-
ceed, and he turns aside TO search for a
safer way, beng particularly on his guard
when crossing water upon bridge of snow,
or when in the neighborhood of boiling
springs. Even where the ground was
bride on the pony's neck and open knife
In order tn sc-apc certain cartridges too
large for the rife which carried under my
arm. The gallant little beas: picks his way
rapidly over all obtacles, like the sturdy
Stulka, who can knit and stare az the pass
ing stranger, while she strides along over
''Ilraun, as if she were on shaven lawn.
Bogcy ground is to a horseman always
very troublesome obstacle; but so remarka-
bly, dry was the country in June, 1873,
that bogs could be avoided, and we were
good deal annoyed by dust and drifting
sand. The poLies got nothing TO eat, ex-
cept the scanty heritage by the wayslde,
and were much disposed TO lingeT where's
ever they could find few blades of grass.
To any such temptation the poor anima-
were, however, not often exposed, and they
logged along with great perseverance,
making up for little food with much drink
at the numerous streams which they had TO
ford. Iceland ponies are generally of
light color, dun, pale chestnut, white or
piebald; under rough exterior they hide
many good qualities, and are as well
adapted for the peculiar country which
they inhabit as is the noblest thoroughbred
of Arabia A vicious animal is almost I'M
known, and dealer in ponies, who has
passed more of them through his han Dis
than anybody else In the business assured
me that he has not encountered more than
one The endurance of the little nags is
they will keepup steady jog
for hours together and will travel on through
the long summer days OF Northern lan;udes
with no other sustenance than may be
picked up during an hours midday halt.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
Easily suited .

When Catherine was arraigned before
the Police Court, New York, a smile of
recognition spread over the face of His
Honor.
Back again, Katie, said His Honor
''lis, sor, since l cudn't go wudout see
in me old frinds wanst in a WHOLE" said
she.
That's right, Katie, but you shouldn't
get drunk in order to see them,' said the
Court.
''Sure cudn't get Yer Honor to LUX at
me, av didn't, for the officers wudn't lave
Inc near enough to ye," said she.
That's lame excuse, Katie" said the
Court.
mo, sur, oh no. Sure warnt ye the
fusht Judge that gemme me tin days, and
warnt ye the lasht to gimme me three
months, an phoy wudn't l throy to see
Yer Honor said Catherine.
You're pretty mar right there, Katie, ="
said the Court. suppose we say three
months this time"
'.Plaze yerser, Yer Honor, an yell
plaze me-" said she, turning away. ''Sure
was always aisy suited, an it 'ud be
rather late in the day to begin to be partic-
ular about throttle av q month now,"
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
The ..Nuts- OF the Old Testament

Twice in the authorized version of the
Old Testament mention is made of nuts. ~
As by nuts in our own vernacular, when q
differential adjective or the name of a
country is not prefixed, we understand al
ways the product of the COrylus Avellana,
il may be interesting to what very different
things are intended in the two Scriptural
references In the authorized version of
the .'Song of Solomon" the great natural
ist to whom the authorship of this curious
poem is very generally ascribed, says: II
went down into the garden OF nuts" This
garden would Seem to have been one of
the many of the same kind mentioned in
the Sook of Ecclesiastes also ascribed 10
Solomon, though not proved TO have come
from his pen, when he informs us that Il
made ME gardens and orchards and plant
ed trees in them of all kinds OF fruit iii, %.
The word employed in the Song is egOz.
In meaning it seems to have denoted prim
arlly, hut of any description whatever,
provided that the sense was qualified by
some prefix or adjunct. When used alone,
on the other hand, there can be little doubt
that it denoted the walnut-ihe nut par
excellence. The walnut being native OF
Persia, the importation of il into Palestine
took place probably at a very early period.
A tree SO remarkable- alike for excellent
produce, scent of foliage, and handsome
appearance could not possibly escape the
notice of the early cultlvators of plants, or
be left TO exist exclusively in its native
country. Solomon's great love of COM
mercial enterprise would be sufficient to
aooount TOR the introductiou of il, at all
events, into the royal gardens at Jerusalem.
At the present day this admirable tree oc-
ours in an apparently indigenous state
everywhere, from Persia to the Himalayas,
Astounding especially in Cashmere. 1t is
found also in Asia Minor and in Greece,
looking in both countries like a native.
Introduced into Britain, most probably by
the Romans, completely has it now made
itself at home with that one might also be
tempted sometimes to think il aboriginal
In the time of Josephus it grew in profusion
round the Lake of Genneserat.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06

Up TO few decades ago Austria divid-
ed with Russia the honor of possessing
some of the worst dungeons in Europe,
and perhaps the most terrible of these
living tombs was the Spielberg of Brunn.
Major Won Rosanegg, of the Engineer Staff,
has Just published an interesting little
volume on this now unused fortress. One
charming and authentic tale is worth re-
peating. 1t was in l7S3-the first centen-
AIRY, therefore, of the deliverance from the
Turks-and Kaiser Joseph in person made
an incOgnita visit TO the Spielberg to in
quire himself who was deserving of free
dom. For the centenary was to be marked
by the release of prisoners. Colonel Count
Auersperg was his aid-de-Camp. Jailer
Cyril received his orders from the Cover
nor to show the two gentlemen the prison,
and led the way down the dark passages, a
mighty bunch of keys in his hand. After
viewing many sad chambers, where one or
more wretches, iil-clothed and dirty, sat
moodily waiting for release or death,
Cyril conducted the visitors to the under
ground cells-dark, clammy and reeking,
with evil smells. The jailer was in the
act of passing the first door and proceeding
further, when the Emperor stopped and
bade him open the cell. The visitors were
horrified TO See human figure almost
naked and chained wrists and ankles to the
wall. The man had gone mad from con-
finement in solitude and darkness, and glib
bered and mouthed fearfully. The next
cell model Of the first, was empty, and
the Emperor without moments hesitation,
insisted upon being locked up alone for an
hour in 1t. Remonstrance was useless and
the imperial will hkd to be obeyed. The
heavy door was slammed, so the others re-
tired and the monarch was left to himself.
When they came at the end of the hour
Kaiser Joseph looked sick and i'll. The
first words he said were, 81 am the last
man who shall ever inhabit these under
ground cells; to morrow they shall be
walled up" The Imperial command was
obeyed, and next morning came the stone
masons and bricklayers and cut off the
dread cells from the rest of the world.
Kaiser Franz Joseph the present Emperor,
abolished the Spielberg as State prison
in 1855.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
FADES TIE DAYLIGHT.

Fades the daylight and the shadows
Slowly gather en- the lawn;
Now the night falls on the meadows.
AMI the Light of day Is gone.
In the darkness which enfolds me
Tender memories come once more
How each thought enchains and holds me
OF the dear ones gone before.
Not in pain and not in sorrow
Think of the loved ones gone
Every night has still q morrow,
Darkness but precedss ihe dawn.
We're it not for heart-t.es riven
For the friends that come no more.
There would lie no hope OF heayen
In the bright forevefmore.
So while shadows darken DER me.
Sit 1 at the close Of day
Love ], lost features are before me
Faces which have passed away:
Voices which made happy laughter
Come again in tones of love,
Sweety echoes follow after
Twilight angels bend above.
Ii is daylight which is fading,
Ligh, of day which now must fee,
1t Is but the happy shading
OF brighter day 70 be.
So when twilight dreams have found me.
Twilight voices ill the ar,
Loved, lost beings gather round me,
AMI their forms are pass ng fair.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
Mayor Cooper's Nickel.

Mayor Cooper, of New York, was recent.
ly charged in with an offense with which
his worst enemy never accused the late
lamented Boss Tweed. OF course in the
days of the Ring those hateful contrivances
known as the ''bell punch and leash box
had not been invented as standing affronts
to the notorious probity of conductors and
drivers of cars of the bob-tailed species, but
even if they had it is doubtful if he would
have been deemed capable Of trying to
''beat" the ''cash box"
The history of this most dreadful blot on
the municipal escutchen is briefly told.
Mayor Cooper enters a Bleecker street
''bob-tail' car just opposite the Register s
office, anc SO easy is the grace with which
he slings himself on the back platform that
the driver first notices him sitting midway
ON the left hand seat absorbed in the Herald
dispatches from Maine. Thinking to
awaken him to the duty of the hour he
sounds volley on his tinklIng bell. The
Mayor pays no attention, and the tintinna-
bulaticn wan~ers out through the windows
to cJnsort with the confused noise of the
great city. Again, in cadence less musical,
but even more emphatic, the bobtail drlv-
er's bell responds 10 his vigorous jerk, but
the minds of the foremost man of New
York IS In Skowhegan and Androscoggin,
and he hears it not
With copious remarks of an impolite ma
ture the driver filings open the front door
and yells:-
ropanickelinthebOxi"
His Honor, having finished Jim Blaine's
explanation to Garfield of how it happened,
raises his eyes to see what is the matter.
Say, young fellow, get yer fare into
the box," howled the driver, looking
straight at the Mayor"
His Honor looked to his left, but saw no
young fellow. A fat boarding house keeper
was grinning at him, and noticing his sur
Prise broke out into snicker.
'Blank, blank, blank yer BANKED im-
mortal part" saId the driver, ''d'ye intend
to pay yur fare or not p
''Are you speaking to me-" asked the
Mayor.
''Yes, I'm talkin' to you. Dropanickle-
intheboxi"
Il have dropped my fare in the box, >"
said His Honor.
"fou don't look like fellow that'd tryto
beat the cars, but if you don't git yer fare
IN here III bounce you," said the now
frenzied driver, tapping the glass box at
the side of the door,
he Mayor. who was recognized by sew
eral persons on the Car, protested that he
had paid his fare and would not be imposed
on The argument continued for some Sc
conds, the driver meanwhile anImadyert- /
ing on the baseness of the man who would 1
wear new fall overcoa. and try to beat
he leash box"
AT this juncture passenger entered and
iropped his nickel into the box. On look
ng down into the receptacle the driver
ound two coins there, and the mystery
vas explained. The Mayors money had
'aught on the top of the box and was lost
ed down by the new comer's deposit.
The driver was subsequently, informed of
he identity of the person whom he had ir
everently called young fellow" and his
'nly remark was:
II wonder will the old man complain
gin me.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
A Begagement Ring.

s.Say, mister" as he walked up TO the
proprietor of jewelry store, who stood
behind the counter, shave you got any OF
these here finger rings-these here-these
oh, / forgit what you call emf"
''Gold ringsl" asked the proprietor.
'sNo. not quite gold rings-oh, yes,
hypocrite gold rings; that's it.
ssCan't understand what you mean by
that" said the proprietor, with stare.
II mean," said the young man, 'this
kind of gold that looks like gold and isn't
gold: this here kind that most everybody
is wearin' nowadays. want ring for
my girl. and want you to scratch on the
inside Jim Brown to Sallle Jones' Don't
care what it costs; you can 90 as high as
half dollar for it all if you want to. It's
a begagement ring"
The boss took it all in, and soon fixed
him of with ''hypocrite' geld ring done
up in the softest kind of cotton.
A space js three feet.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
Hollow Ground Raxors.

Il is not long since II was confidently as
serted tnat, even if the required quality of
Steel could be produced here, the United
States could never compete with England
in the manufacture of razors and other fine
cutlery, owing to the excessive cost of
grinding and finishing. Like good many
other 'fnsuperable" obstacles to American
success In the art, this seems to have been
pretty well overcome, since large quantities
OF Sheffield razor blanks are now sent
here expressly to be finished. 1t seems that
the art of ''hollow grinding" German
style, requires degree of skill a little be-
yond that of the Sheffield workmen. Ac-
cordingiy Sheffield manufacturers have to
pay double freight across the Atlantic to
secure the fine finish 70 their razors that the
trade now demands.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
(,Onundruns.

When is a wall like ish! When II Is
scalded.
HOW does stove feel when full OF coals'
Grateful.
Which of the reptiles is mathematl'
cisnS The adder.
When is boat like a heap of snow
When it is a-drift. Ia 1y,ou
When is a doctor most annoyed! When
be Is out of patients u,o /,
When is a literary work ike shioAe
When it comes in volumes.
WHY is the letter e like the sun! Dc
canse II is in the center OF hight.
What is that which shows others what
:, cannot see itself A mirror.
" WHY ia the letter n like falthless
,ovar1 Because It's in constant.
How does COW become g landed es-
,ateS By turning her INTO field. ,
Why is whispering a breach Oh so''
manners? Because 1t is not ALOUD.
What is an old lady in the middle OIL
tho river likea Like TO be drowned
'nI What word may be pronounced quicker
,u add;no a syllable to it? Quick.
Wbv is a miser like man with snol
49, . Because he Is always forge'ting'
How does a sailor know there Is hau an,
in ths moonl Because he has oeen W go
(see). h,rh station like man
",.s,,oon9 Because everybody appear
IL i;,,le 10 him, and he appears hts'e W e'''
body.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06

just about that time Major Brabazor
went 10 Boston in the train of popula,
conlraito singer. with whose yellow tresse.
and chins-bIue eyes he had fallen desner.
atedy in love. But the contralto singer bad
iound Bostenian, with longer pedigree,
deeper purse, and more settled intention.
In The matrimonial line than Miles Braba.
zon possessed, and frowned ominously upon
him.
lie returned, heartily disguised and dis.
enchanted, to New York.
After all, he decided, sthere is No
one half SO besutiful and winning as Mag.
noila Vane. I'll marry her a, once: and
We IL dream away our honey moon on the
banks of the st. Lawrence river or under
the roar of Niagara Falls. Let me see
III week tonight since l left New York.
| really suppose l ought to have told her
was going away-but, fortunately, she
isn't exacting."
And he ordered the hackman to drlve to
No. - Lexington avenue, where Mrs.
Penfeld resided.
Yes, sir, she's at home," said the SOL
emn footman, looking rather curiously at
Major Brabazon. "But-I think she's en-
gagged, sir. Mrs. Penfeld, | don't doubt.
however ="
"Shell see me-" said Major Brabazon,
imperionsly, and the footman gave up the
argument as hopeless
please to walk in SIR" said he. And
accordingly, Major Brabazon walked in.
Uncle Penfield was reading the evening
paper cozily in his own particular corner
by the lamp. And In the middle of the
room sat Magnolia Vane, with the young
artist bending tenderly over her hand.
What does this meanl' shortly de-
manded Major Brabazon, advancing into
the apartment with a lowering cloud upon
his brow.
Miss Vane arose and made sweeping
courtesy.
1T means" said she, that / am en-
gaged."
"To me?"
''No; to this gentleman. laying her
hand lightly on Mr.. Clifford's arm.
''But cried out Major Brabazon, in a
stified voice. ''you are promised to mel"
''Oh, yes, that was in the old times,
said the heiress of Orange Glade, with sub
lime indifference. Il have changed Inv
mind ON a good many subjects since
then"
Ladies are always privileged to change
their minds" said Wayne Clifford, with
bow that was truly Chester6eldian.
Major Miles Brsbazon, had played fast
and loose too long with the tropical beauty.
And he had never realized how deeply he
was in love with her until she was beyond
his reach.
Miss Vane went back to Florida In the
spring, but with the wrong bridegroom.
Mamma said she to her scandalized
parent, $50 long as / am happy, what does
it matter, whether my name is Smith or
Jones, Brabazon or Ciifford?''
''But my dear" groaned Mrs. Vane, sit
had all been planned since YOU were ten
years old"
lone must take these affairs in ones
own hands, sometimes" said Mr. Wayne
Clifford.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-10-06
Beavers Coasting,

Two boys who live in the State of Iowa
once concluded to see what beavers did on
moonlight nights. Therefore they crept
through the snow just about midnight and
went to the home of the beavers. At the
dam which the beavers had built the moon
was reflected from the ice with a great
glare To their great surprise the boys
saw the beavers coasting down long slide
from the top of the dam to the ice below.
1t was fine sport. The old beavers gave
the young one rides on their broad fiat tails,
all sliding down very rapidly, Just then
one Of the boys sneezed, when the beavers
disappeared like flash.