Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891, 1880-01-03

Each fr,,itprower should keep watch OF the lnseces
on his premises and note the date OF their tfo
nations for on this knowledge tne sucee M ,,
IRE of his efforts TO exterminate them VIII ia se!
depend. -. Go, ar,earance
ono authority says that on their hrst sIoe
the Young t. Fig y are nearly whlte, shotnei siae
they are reddish Those that nave r,ss Re-
| dark as to appear to the naked eye Ike Iust. Dc
| sides their six legs they have two ahtehisee anu
tbe female has two styets or halr-ilke apPeii,ti
from the rear Of the body rig ~ Is guy ", VIC
| antenne highly magnlhed- AltnouS - ~ aha,,i
| the female becomes stationary at the emu Vi aoou'
| ten days. So, ,hs b,dv in
the shape Of fine threads g, Fig p ihls seci
increases and hardens into yello"ish-DIo"l, o'e'
| s.ale which hides the body OF the insect An al
iition is soon made which is wider than tLe oIIs
nal scale and darker in color, as III 4, rig ine
scale continues to enla ge until IL ASSUMES t o
en- in 4 under side, and is about 12-l00ths OF an
ircb in length while its occupant Is only ABOUT one
half as long This development occupies ABOUT tWo
months from the time of Matching Meantime tue
female has lost her limbs and other appe T,l
- TO assume the form shown in s. and finally as IN ..
Ten or twelve DAYS after her scale has reached It's
full size the female begins TO lay her eggs ana CON-
pletes the process in about two weeks one oe,
creases in size, until at last, when she dieS anu
tries up it is hard to find any trace of her la the
Mississippi valley there is but one generation Ia
season, but know Of no one who mas Watcneu the
pest close enough to say whether such Is tiie case
here or not. =, F.,
The Coccidg injure the trees by piercing the bark
aud sucking the sap. Although SO very snall-the
one in question being five one hundredths oil an
inch in length-ther numbers often enable them TO
destroy large trees. Fruit is also diminished IN
value when infested by them The male insect
does not lose his legs while under the scale but his
beak, or sucking apparatus. disappears he hnallY
energies with pair of gauzy wings, and so differ
ent in appearance from the female as frequently
to be taken for insect OF an entirely different
order.
Another apple scale, which is also found on the
has he
oval, nearly fiat, and Of a milk-white color, while
the eggs are red. | do not know that 1t has been
reported as yet in this State.
The greatest execution can undoubtedly be done
when the insects are Just out OF the egg. and not
yet covered with their scales. There are many
washes which will destroy them at that time if but
drop touches them. AS rule, alkaline washes OF
moderate strength good; for example, two
pounds OF potash in seven quarts OF water diluted
I've made from wood ashes; lime water, etc. Some
years ago Prof. Hilgard advised a nurseryman IN
this vicinity to coal tar water that 49, water That
had stood for some time in barrel with coal tar at
the bottom of it. the tar being stirred up occasion
ally. This year the San Jose papers report good re-
suits from using this remedy. Any OF these may be
applied by means OF garden syringe or engine SO
as to wet every part Of the tree. The young insects
| usually appear soon after the tree blossoms.
| At this time of the yeat the scales should be
! loosened by using stiff brush, and at the same
time applying the wash, which should be calculated
| to dissolve the wax. Strong soap-sudS have long
| been commended for this purpose. In Western
| New York / found solution, in which whele-o
soap and tobacco juice the chief ingredients
TO be sovereign remedy for all insects that could
be reached by it. The scraping and washing ad-
viSed by you for the codling moth ought to exter
| inmate the scale as far as it goes.
The scale should be destroyed in some way, for
the tree infested by it cannot thrive. The trunk
and limbs as far as accessible should be thoroughly
| cleaned. All trimmings should be burned as soon
possible Ii the trees are yet young II might pay
to cut them back so that every part could be
III fr,+ bal octfn
the application after few days, to destroy late
patched insects or those overlooked the first time
The orange and lemon scales belong to several
genera, ASpidiotuS, LdcGnidni, ETC. Their develop
| ment is, in general way, similar TO that OF the
apple scale. Their presence must be recognized and
they must be fought, if our orangegrowers hope for
| the highest success The remedies already gwen
above are good, if faithfully applied at the right
| time | have neither time space to pursue this
| subject further at this time.
If by your efforts you rouse our fruit growers
TO the study of the insect enemies that are causing
them so much loss and persuade them to take active
measures to subdue them you will deserve well OF
| your country"
Wishing you all success in your efforts, remain,
| yours, truly, e. h. DWlNELLE'
ANY person interested can have pack
age of the codling moth wash, free of cost,
to experiment on the scale insect, BY ap-
plying to Messrs Hutchings 4 Co., No.
! SIT Front street, San Francisco, by letter
or otherwise. All persons having any wash
| or remedy for this pest, by sending us a
package, we will have it thoroughly tested
and report results. We have nothing of
the kind to sell only wish to find the best.
| Any information in our possession will
be freely given to any person applying by
letter or otherwise. COOKE & Son,
Proprietors Pioneer Box Factory,
Sacramento.
Sacramento, November 20, 1879.