davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
Poultry Feeding.

Z. K. D., in Country Gentleman.
No branch OF business connectedf
with farming pays better than poul.
try, and it is important to know just
what and how to feed, in order to
stimulate egg production. Both grain
and soft feed should be given, the
latter at least once day, where eggs
are sought, Wheat is probably the
best grain, especially where fowls are
beginning to lay. Corn tetids to fat,
ten, and should be fed only occasion.
ally to laying fowls. Buckwheat is
an aid to egg production, and is very
warming. Oats make an excellent
food, but not particularly valuable
for eggs. Barley is thought by many
fanciers to be one of the best yarie-
ties OF winter food. 1t the grain is
ground, a good plan is to-gfind to.
gether equal parts Of corn, wheat, buck.
wheat, and oats. 1t makes an excel
lent meal for warm mush to be fed
in the morning, but should not be fed
at night, unless the poultry house is
very warm, and even then it is better
to feed whole grains at night.
A meat.diet is very essential to the
well-being of all fowls during cold
weather, when worms and insects are
not to be found. This is well. known,
though very few give the matter the
attention it deserves. Those who live
within a reasonable distance OF a
slaughter house or butcher shop, can
secure plenty of scraps tawaste meat
and bloody pieces, which are unsala-
BILE, at trifing cost. Cot them in
small pieces, put into large kettle,
with plenty OF water and boil them
until they are very tender, then stir
in meal until it becomes thick mush
and then cook until done. Turn it
out into pans and let it cool and you
have an excellent food tor your fowls,
which, if put in cool place, will
keep long time. Green food should
also be given occasionally, as fowls
need some coarse, and refuse matter
to keep them healthy Ih3the sum.
mer they can find this for themselves,
but in the winter we must supply this
deficiency by giving them cabbage,
turnips and onions cut fine or coarse,
as seems to suit them best. Onions
are especially valuable tor keeping off
vermin.
Sunfower seeds are very, valua
BILE TODD tor fowls. They are the'best
egg predicting food known, and are
good for the plumage, also very
warming, since they contain a large
Quantity OF strong vegetable oil If
ted too often the fowls will shed their
feathers. Once or twice a week is
sufficient. Fowls. should have tree
access to fresh water atAall times;
milk will also conduce much to egg
production. Sand and oyster shells
should be kept near by for the fowls
to teed upon, or dust themselves in.
A few ashes mixed with them will
also be found useful. ~ t-t
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
: THE TFLORIDA AGRICULTURIST.

used for cleansing purposes it should
be handled with great care, that the
gas, which is given off |Yery'freely in
a warm room, be not breathed in
large quantities, and do injury to the
delicate lining of the nose andmouth.
-Benzi,ae is a liquid, in the handling
of which much caution should be ex-
iereiseds 1t is very volatile, and its
'vapor, as well as the liquid itself, IN
hammable. When employed tor re-
moving grease, or other stains, from
clothing, gloves, ETC., it should never
be used at night, nor at any other
time near fire.
Ether is another dangerous, liquid,
and in: other than the physicians
hands it had best not be employedin
the household. /
-AlcohoI must also be used with
great care, especially at night.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18

the cotton cleaner, which cleans it of
all dust, grit, and much of the leaf
trash and :motes. 1t is then, uni
formly distributed on an endless re.
volving apron of the feeding table,
so situated as to place it into the
Clement gin, which is attached TO the
card. The gin takes the lihtItrom
the seed, the brush takes it from the
gin, and the card cylinder takes it
from the brush. 1t is then carded,
drawn, roved and spun as by the old
method. By this process there is no
tangling, mapping, cutting or breaking
the fiber-no condensing, no packing,
no opening, no picking nor tapping.
The advantages that this process pre-
sents over the old method, to both
the manufacturer and the producer,
may be briefly summed up as follows;
To the manufacturer, a great saving
in amount and cost OF machinery,
motive power, operative and ,acontin-I
gent expenses, less waste, less dan
ger from fire, a superior quality and
increased quantity of production. 1t
at,once relieyessthe producer of all
ginning and baling machinery, with
their many attendant expenses,
amounting to millions Of dollars an
'nually.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
Y West Indian SOrrel.
rrh,eL Florida Flo, Agriculturist |:

Editor OF, The Elor1da AgrlcuIurlst % --
, This valuable acquisition to the
vegetable products Of Florida has
been found to succeed well and ripen
its pods sufficiently for use in one or
two places in Orange county, and as
the plant itself is OF easy culture it
can be recommended to those who
wish material tor sauce, tarts, ETC., in
fact an excellent substitute for the
Rhubarb or Pie Plant of the North.
Ready at all times, from the fall
months until cold weather. This
plant is well known in the West In.
dies as the Red Sorrel and is there
much used for making tarts and jelly,
and decoction of it sweetened and
termented affords a refreshing bever.
age well known as Sorrel Cool Drink.
Ii, is also known as Hibiscus Saldar-
i6a, and is very generally cultivated
in warm countries on account of its
calyx, which as the fruit ripens be-
comes fieshy and acquires a very
pleasant acidity. The calyx Is the
part to be used, and as the flowers
are produced continuously plentiful
succession is kept up. AS regards
culture, in all respects it is similar to
okra or gumbo, which the plant in
many particulars very much resem-
bles. ~ s&sb A9.&Act r
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
Sea-Weed Manure.


Perhaps some of our sea coast
readers can do something worth
while for their fields and gardens by
the preparation of sea-weed manure.
In a communication lately made to
the French Academy we read that
marine plants, such as the sea.weed
found on the eoastss of n rmapdy,
Brittany, Spain, Italy and England,
mixed with pulverized phosphate of
lime, and allowed to terment, will
produce carbonic, acid in sufficient
Quantities to conveft the phosphate
into a condition most favorable for
assimilation by plants. The mixture
should. beeformed by Successive lay.
ers in a shed or trench, the proper
tons vary according to the value of
the phosphate employed and the
amount OF moisture contained fin the
sea-weed. Fermentation should be
permitted to continue from six weeks
to two months, according to the tenn
perature OF the season. III, after this
lapse of time, the decomposition of
the organic matter is not completed,
the compost should be mingled afresh,
whereby is produced a renewed fer
mentation, which causes the complete
disappearance of the sea- weed. 81 This
manure contains, besides phosphate
OF lime, nitrogen, mineral salts, pot
ash, soda and magnesia.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
Almond Culture.
from the San Francisco Bulletin.

From the San Francisco Bulletin.
There is an erroneous statement
now going the rounds of the press, to
the effect that eight-rear-old almond
trees will yield from two to three
hundred pounds OF almonds, and that
these are worth from ~ to 30 cents a
pound. The paragraph goes on to
state that 200 trees are planted on
the acre, aud that, therefore, the pro-
fits will be $4,000 for each and every
acre.
A statement OF this kind is calcu-
lated to bring any paper which prints
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
3 FEBRUARY Is.

The starch is also separated and used
for food under the name OF Brazilian
Arrowroot, and this, when agglomer-
ated into pellets on hot plates, forms
the tapioca of commerce. Cassava
starch has stillant hilum, which
readily distinguishes it, under the
microscope, from other starches. It's
microscopic appearance is figured
under 'arrowroot H.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
The Silver Grey DOrkings.
tt in Country Gentleman.

j. Talcott in Country Gentleman.
In your issue for January 9Th, r.
S. INQUIRIES about the Houdan and
Dorking fowls, and asks some one
who is acquainted with them to tell
"whether they are desirable farm
fowls or not, and which is preferable
of the two" In regard to Houdans,
have not had sufficient trial to give
the information asked for, therefore
will confne my remarks to the Dor
king. For the past twenty years l
have experimental with fowls OF the
different breeds that have been prom
mently before the.public. began
with the large Asiatic fowl OF the
early days OF the unimproved varie-
ties, and tried item 10 some extent,
without satisfaction; then the smaller
breeds, such as Creoles, Silver Span.
gled Hamburgs, and one or two 9th.
ers. When the Light Brahma was
thought to be the best of al the
large breeds, they were tried, from
the yards OF three breeders, who each
thought they had the best OF the
species, but none OF them gave me
satisfaction as farmers fowl, as we
wanted a fowl to lay eggs, and raise
the chickens wanted tor use on the
1 farm, rarely selling any eggs or
chickens. The Partridge COchins
were also tried, but without success.
Having heard some one speak highly
OF the Dorking as the best fowl for
table use, also as egg producers, l
bought trio OF Silver Grey Dorkins
some ten years since, and since then
we have had two or three other
breeds to compare with them, but we
think that the Dorkins are the best
fowls for eggs and chickens tor
home consumption. We now keep
only the Dorkins. Their eggs are OF
good size and excellent in quality,
and abundant as any other breed OF
fowls we have ever kept that lay as
large eggs as they do, They make
excellent mothers, and are not in
clined to sit, as are the Asiatics. In
fact, for the last few, years we have
no: had them inclined to sit as much
as we desired. They have the run OF
the barnyard the entire year, except
few days in the strawberry season.
The chickens feather out early, and
have been very hardy. We have
had much better success in raising
the Silver Grey Dorking than any
other fowl Tor the past ten years.
CT 4 - ---..@---- - 4 -
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
Dangerous Liquids.

From the American Agricuturist.
ammonia, especially the stronger
KINDS, Is dangerous, few drops be-
ing enough 10 injure person. When
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
L Cassaya.
From Cyciopaedia Britannica.

From Cyciopaedia Britannica. 8
Cassava is the name given to the
Gfarinaceous- root stecks-of two spe-
cies OF Esgphor6iaceous plants, the
Bitter Cassava, Maasihot atiyissina :,
and the Sweet Cassava, ~ Aapi,
both highly important sources OF
food starches. The plants are ma:
tives Of South America, but the Bit:
ter Cassava, which is the most impor.
ltant OF the two in an economic sense,
has been introduced into most tropi.
cal regions and is extensively cult.
waited IN the East Indian Archipelago,
from which, as we'll as Brazil and
other South American states, its
starch, in the form OF thpioca, is a
staple article of export. The Bitter
Cassava root is fusiform, sometimes
attaining a length Of three feet and
weight OF 81 lbs. Its sap contains
hydrocyanic acid, and being, therefore,
highly poisonous, the root cannot be
eaten i'll fresh condition. While.
on the other hand, the Sweet Cassava
is perfectly ,innocuous, and is EN-.
ployed as a table vegetable.
Exposure to the heat dissipates
the poisonous principle and the con.
centrated juice is, In that state, used
as the basis cassareep and other
sauces. From the Bitter Cassava
the roots are preserved for use by
being simply cleaned, sliced and
dried From such dried slices, man
leo or cassavac meal, used for cassava
cakes, ETC., is prepared by rasping.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1880-02-18
Clement Attachment.
From the Savannah News.

IMMENSE ECONOMIC BENEFITS 1T
WILL CONFER ON THE SOUTH.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-02-18
Fishing for sh srks-

At the head of the harbor, seven miles
east of the town of Nantucket, is a place
called Wauwinet composed of two rude
summer hotels, where splendid fish dinners
are served. Several steam and sail yachts
ply between Nantucket and Wauwinet,
making two round trips each day. The
fare is 30 cents each way, and the trip is a
charming one. AT Wauwinet only bank
of sand an eighth of mile wide separates
us from the main eastern shore of the island.
Here we find party Of sturdy fishermen
ready to take us on sharking expedition.
We embark IN ''dOries' and are carried out
to larger whale boats anchored a short dis
tance from shore. Sail is then hoisted, and
having reached half or three-qua-ters Of
mile from shore, anchors are dropped and
work begins. Large fish hooks foot long
connected by yard Of chain to lines as
thick as your little finger and baited with
dozen small perch are thrown into the wa
ter, which is here five or six fathoms deep.
The bait rests on the bottom and the fisher
man holds his line sufficiently taut to en-
able him to feel a bite. He does not have
to wait long. A violent tugging tells him
he has shark on his hook. His COM
panions assist him. and the united efforts
of two or three are required to draw the
animals nose to the gunwale of the boat.
Then while some hold him there others be-
gin fierce assault with clubs as thick as
your wrist. Blow after blow on the nose
is kept up until the animal is completely
stunned, his tail meanwhile keeping up a
fearful lashing, which, if not well protected
with oilskin oversuits, vets every one on
the boat through and through with salt
water. Finally his lashings cease, and by
the united efforts of thewhole party he is
hauled over the side into the boat. Though
now perfectly quiescent, it is still dangerous
to place ones hands in too close proximity
to his triple row of sharp teeth. These
sharks are ugly things, six or seven feet
long, and perhaps 500 pounds in weight,
without scales, with sharp-pointed tails,
white bellies, small eyes and great caver-
nous mouths. Their teeth pointing inward,
are not used so much for dividing their
food as for holding on to it when seized,
their teeth acting as barbs. The food is
swallowed whole. They are very numer-
Gus and bite freely, insomuch that a party
can any day catch one apiece within an
hour or two. Brought to land, the honest
fisherman first cut out their livers from
which cod liver oil is extracted. Their
carcases are then buried for few msnths
until mostly decomposed, when they are
dug up for use as fertilizers.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-02-18
Transit IN London.

Omnibuses were introduced IN London
from Paris half a century ago, and the
horse railroad from the United States about
ten years ago. The first hack ney coaches
were introduced in 1925, and for a couple
Of centuries were regarded as monopoly.
Acts of parliament were passed limiting the
number to ply for hire in the whole of Lon
don. This limitation lasted till the date of
tine great Reform Act. The old hackney
coach was a two-horse vehicle, and the fare
was shilling a mile. Ii was not till 1928
that the one horse cabriolet. the familiar
four-wheeler of the London streets, was in
troduced, and made way but slowly. The
Hanson, the gondola of the streets, as it is
called in '.LOihair," was few years later,
and is gradually superseding the old four
wheeler, as that superseded the hackney
coach. The actual number of cabs now
licensed IN London is 40l4 four-wheeled
and 4SlT two wheeled. Railways as a
means Of Accommodation in London
are still new, and are still in course of de-
velopment. At the time OF the Great Ex-
hibitiOn no railway came farther into Cen
tral London than Drummond street, Eu-
ston Square on the north, and BishOpsgate
and Fenchurch street on the East. The
North London line had only been opened
in the previous year, and it was some years
after that the scheme of the Inner Circle,
to connect the great termini of the main
lines, was sanctioned by Committee of
of the House of Lords. The Net
ropolitan Railway got its act in lS5
but the works were not begun till 1860, and
the opening took place in 1868. 1t was
then broad gauge line from the Great
Western to Harrington street; it was altered
to narrow guage line before Londoners
had found out the wonderful facilities it
provided for them
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-02-18
Run Down at the Heels.

A man clad IN the habiliments of the
tramp knocked briskly on the back OF a
Cincinnati residence on New Years day,
and, bowling low to the giil who made her
appearance, said;
The compliments Of the season, fair
maid, and may each recurring New Year
"Oh, go 1ong!" said the girl, interupting
him.
Il am not the only man who has run
down at the heel"
''No, there were seven ahead Of you this
morning
''Seeing YOU keep open house, presume
they were admitted at the front door. But
the back door is good enough for ME. | am
not proud. You will observe did not come
in carriage; but no matter. | am hungry.
| would like bite to eat.h
1--WE haven't anything for you"
''Don't be too sure Of that until you know
who / am. You probably never heard of
people entertaining angels unawares."
"Yes | have; but don't believe it,
"Homer was a beggar."
''IIe never got anything here, my good
man.
"Cervantes died Of hunger"
''He ought to have gone to work
"Diffenbacker had nineteen trades, and
starved to death with all of them. However,
that is neither here nor there"
Try the boarding house over the way -
Spencer died in want"
'Tknow it. He depended on this shebang
for his victuals."
''Tssso, Italy's celebrated poet"
''Oh, suppose he was shot"
''He was not; but he was often hard
pushed for a nickle. mention these facts
to prepare you for what is coming. ] am
the individual who first mentioned Grant
for third term"
''We are all solid for John Sherman, "
said the girl.
The man walked slowly to the gate,
paused, scratched his head, and turning
once more to the female, said:
wouldn't you give future cabinet
officer a cold potato?"
Couldn't think of it,
"What if the next Minister to the Court
Of st. James should ask for one ?'
''He couldn't get it,
Every well. / will not withdraw my
good wishes for the new year. l presume
you are acting according to instructions. A
man who is just entering upon the primrose
paths of politics can afford W be magnani-
nous"
And, kissing his hand to the hard hearted
housemaid. he took his leave.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-02-18

/ entered the barber shop nearest the foot
Of the little hill at St. Cloud, France, and
found the assistant engaged in shaving a
captain Of the 130th. This was easily ap-
parent, because the number "l30'' was on
his cap, his collar, his sword-belt and sew
eral other prominent places. The head
barber was absent. His wife entered from
an inner apartment, and invited me TO take
a seat in the barber's chair. | did so, not
apprehending anything extraordinary. A
French BARRIERS chair is straightforward
without cushion. and behind is hard
wooden crutch 10 lay your head in. 1t sug-
gests a combination of guillotine and ga
rotte. The woman then tucked q towel un-
der my chin. This aroused me. | won-
dered if it could be possible. | began to
suspect that she meant business. | saw
coming possibilities. Because in France
women are, 10 a great extent, real help
mates of their husbands. If grocer, the
grocer's wife keeps the books, and takes the
change; if butcher, the butchers wife can
slice of a outlet as quickly as her husband;
if baker, the woman is always at the coun-
ter; if in almost any description of retail
trade, the wife is as conversant with the
business as her husband. Sometimes they
are on fete days conductors of extra omni-
buses. Yet, thus far, Ihad never seen a
woman barber. But she lost no time. Her
hand was on the lather brush, and the lather
brush was on my face, and she lathered me.
She lathered me with neatness, taste and
dispatch. She strapped her razor with true
professional dexterity, gave it wipe or
two on the palm of her hand and the regular
barber flourish preparatory to the shave.
This was business / did not wish to ap-
pear amazed or surprised. Still, desired
to know if this was really the custom in st.
Cloud. So kept the corner of one eye
diligently upon her. But everything went
on as usual in the little town. The red
legged captain of the 130th barely looked
at me- The soap-suds flowed with noisy
murmur down the steep narrow street, peo-
pie tramped by indifferently and no crowd
gathered at the door. ''It is WELL
thought, lat least am nc spectacle for the
curious" She applied tie razor with q
firm, delicate manipulation. 1t was sharp
razor. A sharp razor is not an every day
occurrence in France. Often have /
emerged from the Gallo barber's door,
bloody and battle SCARED. Something ovs Z
a pint of blood have in this manner already
left on French soil. What the French bar
ber's blade lacks in keenness of edge, he
makes up in muscle. She shaved me well.
Her execution was more agreeable than
that of the male barber. Still the sensation
and experience were curious. l regretted
that she did not finish me- This was be-
cause the BARRIERS assistant had polished OF
the captain Of the 1S0tb, pomatumed his
soap-lock and waxed his war-liks NOUS
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1880-02-18
How Besseiner Learned.

II will he of interest of the reader TO learn
that, according TO Bessemer's statement his
knowledge of iron metallurgy was at that
time very limited, so that he had TO get up
the whole of the subject. He is now, how
ever, Of the opinion, that his ignorance
proved of great advantage to him, as he
had very little to unlearn and could thus
approach the subject free from the bias in
separable from those who have followed a
beaten track and vainly endeavored to get
out OF the nut. These words OF Bessemer
require, however, to be carefully consider
ed. He does not imply that a state of ig-
norance would enable him to invent, as
many schemers imagine, who put forth
crude ideas, which are crushed by practical
men. He sat to wo-k TO learn the whole
business thoroughly, first from books and
then in the foundries. Still il will be seen
that here is a man well on in the world,
who set himself to hard learning while
many of us think We can do very well
without learning at all, or without learning
any more. To the public who thus get de-
tails at first hand, it is also of interest to
know that having built small experimental
iron works in st. Pancras, and begun his
preliminary trials, months rolled on, and
he spared neither labor nor money, but
made failure after failure. To the wise
man, however, failure is way Of learning,
and failures are carefully recorded: l. Be
cause they show as, through narrowing the
field, in what way We must try, and, 2.
Because they, in themselves, often suggest
some further experiment. Bessemer, in
deed, says that during his long time of fail
ure he was accumulatiug many important
facts which could not but ultimately be of
advantage to him.