The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-12
COTTON MANUFACTURERS.

Their successful operation caused the
production of cotton in the United States
to increase from about 2 100000 lbs. IN the
wear 1900. to over (, 100000 bales in 1878
The manufacturing industry increased
from a thousand spindels in 1883 TO over
10000, 900 in 1873. OF this vast number,
Great Britain owns over 4o.ooo,ooo; the
u. S. about 100000, and only about
400, 900 being located in the cotton States.
The South produces over two thirds OF
the entire cotton crop of the world, or 81
100000 of the 7,335,ooo bales produced in
1873 and manufactured only about II ;, 900
bales.
The commercial prosperity that we en-
ioy to day is based upon the cotton fibre
Cotton is the foundation of all confidence
and credit in the commercial world. De-
stroy the production of cotton and conf
dence, credit and commerce would meet
with disasters greater than the world ever
saw The cotton industry is the basis
from which all other industries have
become prosperous, 1t has developed
the industrial prosperity of Old and New
England, stimulated scientific thought and
discovery, advanced civilization and inn
provement, more than all other industries
put together. ~
The cotton fibre produced in the South
ern States in greater perfection than In
any other country ever had 81 valuable
product, or one so Compel 1T to make
them powerful and indepe dent as the
South has in the cotton crol
In the manufacture of cotton the South
has many natural advantages over any
other country; she has short mild winters;
cheap food, fuel, land, labor, and building
material and above all an abundant supply
of unchanged raw cotton, which can be
purchased from the producer direct, and
save all the expense of the transportation,
commission, storage, drayage, &c. This,
of itself, makes a good profit to the manu-
facturer, located near the cotton fields. If
it will pay to transport raw cotton to New
England to be manufactured, then trans
port the finished goods back to the very
fields where the cotton is grown, it will
surely paw to manufacture cotton near the
fields whereit is grown, and save the use
less and numberless expenses between the
producer and manufacturer and consumer
of cotton goods.
The New England States, situated in
cold and rigorous climate, dependent up
on the distant west for their food, Penn
sylvania for their coal and iron; the South
for their cotton and wool; compelled to
seek a distant market for their finished
goods.
Encountering and overcoming every OBJ
stacle, they command the admiration of
civilized world for the indomitable will,
energy, and enterprise displayed in con-
centrating on New England soil the pro-
ducts of other countries, converting them
into finished goods and returning them
from whence they came, ready for the use
of man.
When purely economical principles are
taken into consideration there can be no
doubt but that the cotton factories should
be located near the cotton fields. What
principles of political economy can be
urged in support of the present circuitous
method of converting our raw cotton into
manufactured goods?
To assert that it is necessary, economi-
cal or profitable to transport our raw cot
ton to the New England States to be man.
ufactured, then ship the finished goods
back to the very fields where the cotton is
grown, is to controvert the soundest max
inns of political economy and commercial
policy. ts -=ua r
The cotton factories already IN opera
ton in the Southern States have proven
uniformly profitable netting dividends
ranging from IoB to 81 per cent, OF more
than double the amount of profits made by
the factories located in either New or Old
England.
The factory at Nashville, Tenn, with a
capital stock of 100000, 1900 spindles
and corresponding outfit made net profit
on its operations for the year ending Sep
TENDER 80, 1878, of over $4,000
Although in the manufacture of cotton.
the Southern States possess many natural
advantages over New England, which
amount to about &c. per pound, within the
last hive years new process of manufac-
ture of cotton has been discovered. and
successfully introduced, which saves TO
the manufactures at least 2 cents Der
pound more, making in all net saving al
together OF about 4 cents per pound in ia
vor OF the new process factories, located
near the cotton fields, over the old STYLE
factories lacated in either in New or Old
England -
1he new process of manufacture dis
pense with one-half of the buildings. mo-
tive power, machinery and operatives
hitherto necessary.to convert seed cotton
into yarn.
Ihis process combines the principles of
the gin and card into one machine. IT
takes seed cotton just as it comes from the
held, separates the fibre from the seed
and delivers it untangled on the card
with the flbres straight and nearly parallel
ed with each other, and itthen takes but
little carding to get them into silver or
continuous roll. The silver is then passed
through the usual drawing frame, speeder
and spinning frames, where the thread is
perfected. -Four machines in all, from the
field to the finished thread, and on the old
plan IS different kinds of machines are
used to convert seed cotton into yarn.
Disspenses with the gin, pre-. S, compress.
bagging and ties, the opener willower'
lapper, breaker-three fourths of the
cards, the slubber, twister, fly frames.
mules, &c, because perfect thread can be