, 1879-07-17

uuce L18 Bfaateat p0s5lu10 ylelu Oh gram bT
rotation Of crops and extensive mnanring.
The ordinary four-course rotation Of crops in
Great Britain may be thus explained: ~ Tur-
nips, which nre fed to ahoep on tho doid
(2) barley; (O clover or beans; md ~
wheat Tho wheat crop is tho object sought,
and the other crops are merely preparatory.
There IL. therefore, but one crop Of wleat
every fourth year. During each OF these
years tho land has to be extensively and cx-
pensively manurod. Tho coat of mnnuriug
necessarily forms large item III tho cost Of
production. Tho result to which Mr.. LAwEs
arrives is, that tho productivcnnss or yield Of
tho land cannot be pushed beyond certain
limit, Or that beyond certain limit the in
crease Of the crop bears no proportion to
tho increase in tho amount Of manure ap-
piled. Consequently tho "highor" you
firm beyond certain limit. the less Is the
increase Of crop in proportion to tho oxpend.
ituro. Nor Is this improved BY stock.foed-
ing. Cattle-feod has to bo purchased, md
bir. LAwEs demonstrates that tho cost Of m
animal stall-fed will as a rule cos. more thnn
ths meat produced will sell for. Tho rasnlt
Of n thorough review Of the whole subject Is:
at ia somewhat humIiat!ng Adutaaion TO
make, though 80 far It has proved to be too ttuc,
TINT tho virgin soils and plains Of tho United States
and canala eau produces aAd send to tbia country
curn and mcat cheaper than they can be produced
on our own soils At home with ali our ooasted
BkEll and science. Tho opinion expressed BY aoma
that We ahall again become exporters Of corn
tueaulng whcat) ls altogether chtmosical."
In tho Niaet<enh Century Mr.. VERNON
SM1TH presents to tho English people q
sketch Of tho whcat-holds Of tho United
States and Cauada which utterly shuta out
all hope of Great Britain ever again recover.
ing her position as bread.raising country,
and shows how utterly impotent will ho the
etEorts OF tenant-farmors in that country to
compete with tho now fields Of America,
which arc destined to supply the world with
bread.
This area Of territory which ho points out
o. the futuro empire OF wheat production is
in that part Of British America beginning
At Lako Winnipeg 1t extends over the val
lays of tho Upper md Lower Saskatchewan,
extending respectively 1,054 mud 1909 miles
westward to the Rocky Mountains; both Of
those rivers arc navigable, and, with tho As
siniboine, Red River, aud others, ompty
into Lake Winnipeg. The two saskatchowa
drain what is known as tho "fortiLo bolt,"
containing not losa than 00, 900, 600 of acres
Of The finest wheat laud. These rivsrs aud
their tributaries arc 10000 milos in length,
and aro navigablo 4,0D0 mIlos. Lake VIM
nirog ompties through Nelson's River into
Hudson'a Bay, and the writer looks for wartl
to tho time when vessels will lcayo Winnipeg
bearing the wheat Of that country to Europe.
This immense region, lying Just north Of tho
American line, includes 2,084 900 squire
miles OF territory, whiio ths urea OF tho
whole United stasos Is put down at {, ,o33, 600
square miles. Including tho oldor portions
OF Quebec, Ontario, and the other Dominion
Provinces. Canada measures 8,alG, 600 square
miles, whilst all Europe contains i, 90O, 900.
This wheat region, which Ia yet almost
unknown, 1t is claimed, las soil as adapted
to wheat anl as fertile as Tint Of Minnesota,
and It's capacity for production is almost un-
limited. Once pooplod aud put under cult
vatlon, 1t will bo able to produce wheat In
such quantities aud Of such quality 81 will
rondor wheat cultivation in Europe as un-
profitable az It has Mready become in En-.
uland, aud ~ It Is rapidly becoming in
France and the other Western nstiona nj
Europe. This estimate Of the wheat .aa,aa
of British America, md Of tbeir m.rp,.
tuao aud produotiyeuesg. 1oave. mt
Of view altogether the whent-growInR
diatriots Ut tho United States. Wheat.sais-
ina will of coprns oaa.e In Ia rrof,t,h1a T.,