davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23
Are BeesxProtltable!

The above question is frequently.
asked, and we can only reply no and
yes" If bee-keepers insist on man
aging bees as did their ancestors,
they will find it rather discourag-
ing task; on the other hand, if they
will manage them Under the new
system Of Bookkeeping, with little
knowledge of their habits and re-
quirements, the result must be oMe
of profit and pleasure. Remember,
the very first element in successful
bee culture is the intimate knowl-
edge of the bee, and this cannot be
acquired in day, although very
easily learned VIXEN the novice is
ready and willing to apply himself
to the study and nature of their
wants and habits. 1t cannot be &C
quired in a day from books. Every
step that is taken through the laba-
rynthian mysteries OF the bee hive,
only fits and qualities them for sue
cess in the enterprise. We would
recommend to beginners, if profit be
their object, to begin with only few
swarms, and they in good, simple,
movable frame hive. This will ena.
BILE them to often inspect the interior
Of the hive, and every inspection will
prove a valuable lesson and will ena-
BILE them to more wisely enlarge up
on their MISUNDERSTANDING in mind
that strong swarms are the ones that
pay, and they should ever labor to
keep all in that condition. The be-
ginner, of course, has in his mind in
what special product he will have his
profit-bees or honey. He must con-
slider that one is at the expense of the
other. If he wishes large yield of
honey per swarm, he cannot expect
to increase his stock so fast as if
their stores are left with them, and
given to them in artificial swarming,
as every comb, whether containing
brood or honey, adds great strength
to the swarm. What the apiarian is
laboring for is the dollars and cents,
and the greatest amount that can be
procured from single swarm. Then
the question is, " bees or honey" If
bees exclusively, then at the ex-
pense of the surplus honey: and by
artificial swarming, they can, in
good honey season, increase their
stocks very rapidly. But they
should bear in mind to always keep
their swarms strong with bees and
honey. "But," says one, eve want
honey" Then you must procede IN
a different way. If honey be the OBJ
ject, you will nee ed all the bees that
your hive will produce, kept at home,
for surplus honey. Besides, your
hive must possess sufficient capacity
to engage all the bees i'll labor.
Room must be given for strong and
constantly increasing force of work
ers, or they will be compelled to
either leave the woods or to hang
idly outside of their hive, simply for
want OF room. The beginner should
remember that the greatest number
of bees that he can keep at work
in the boxes, the larger amount OF
honey he will receive for his trouble
A colony or hive Of bees that is
strong in the Spring, with honey,
brood and bees, will be very apt to
give their owner one hundred pounds
of honey in almost any ordinary sea-
son, and not an untrequent thing for
some swarms 20 give two hundred
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23
The Preventative Power of the
Pawpaw.

The question of the Preventative
action of the juice of the pawpaw
(C0r'ico 2oGpoyd) upon animal tissues
has received some confirmation from
the experiments of Herr Wittmack,
which he recently embodied in a
paper communicated to the Natural
History Society of Berlin. The
juice, as obtained from the fruit, is of
a white, milky character, and is pres
ent in the fruit apparently only in
small quantities, for DR.. Wittmack
obtained, after repeated missions
in halfripe fruit, only 1.195 grain
of the milky juice of the thickness of
cream. When dried it has a strong
odor and flavor of petroleum or vul-
can;zed India rubber. In the expert
ments some juice was dissolved In
three times its weight of water, and
some fresh lean beef boiled in it for
five minutes. Below. the boiling
point the meat fell into pieces, and at
the close of the experiment it had
separated into coarse shreds. Fifty
grains of beef in one piece, enveloped
in leaf of the pawpaw and left in
this position for period of twenty
four hours, at temperature of $50 c.,
became perfectly tender after a slight
boiling, while, on the other hand, a
piece of meat of similar size and
weight, simply wrapped in paper and
heated in the same manner, remained
quite hard. The experiments prove
that in the milk juice of the pawpaw
a ferment resides which has power
fully energetic action upon nitrogen
Gus substances, and it is to this action
that the peculiar and well-knowu
property of the pawpaw Is attribut,
able.-Scientifc american.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23

pounds of nice comb honey. For a
beginner to produce such results ne
will, of course, need to study the
best way of applying boxes, that his
bees may have the greatest facility
for their work. We manage them
in this way:
Put on the boxes as soon as the
bees begin to work in Spring. AS
soon as they get fairly at work in the
boxes, building comb, raise up the
boxes and place an empty set under
meath them. This will draw up
nearly all the surplus bees, uniting
their work with boxes and hive, thus
giving the queen full control OF the
brood-nest, whereas, if not given, the
workers would occupy too much OF
it for honey, thereby lessening the
strength of the swarm, or causing
them to swarm out. We keep add
ing boxes, as above described, until
we often, have from four to six set
on at q time. Adding boxes In this
way the surplus honey is nearly all
stored above, and the queen, with a
sufficient force, will manage matters
below. Following this plan. large
force Of workers is continually being
added, which is the life and prosper
ity sof the swarm, and the profit of
the bee keeper. We have had over
one hundred pounds OF choice honey
in boxes made this season, from
young swarms, besides their casting
swarm.
In the question Of profitable bee
culture, there is involved a question
Of resources. The floral treasures OF
the country must be taken into con-
sideration. There are portions of
our country where bee-keep would
not prove so successful. In a very
little portion of it but few swarns
may be kept for the benefit Of the
family. We have hardly made a
commencement upon the h oney CAPT
tai of the country and the large
amount that is yearly gathered, is
but drop saved that yearly goes to
waste. Where honey plants are not
a natural growth, we have many
kinds of plants that are soon brought
to yield large amount Of honey.
All that is required is little trouble
in sowing and setting out trees, that
will soon pay largely for the honey
alone. The linden tree, called by
many Eastwood, when planted out
will soon bloom. 1t is a tree that
will grow in almost any soil and
yields largely IA honey of the finest
quality. To the beginner, commence
on a small scale; study the nature
and habits of the bee, and, with in
terest and energy, you will be likely
to succeed in time. Il. f. Noon
| Rome, Georgia.
[Somlerm Poultry Journal
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23
Fish as Brain Food.

Since during the acts Of sensation
and intellection phosphorus is con.
sumed in the brain and nervous sys-
TEN. there arises a necessity to re-
store the portions so consumed, or,
as the popular expression is, to use
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23

"a Send us five paid yearly sub
scriptions, and get an extra copy for
yourself free.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23

~ Send on your clubs. A copy
of the AGRICULTURIST for year
free, for five paid yearly subscribers.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-04-23

W We can only devote a limited
space for advertising. Those who
apply first will get the benefit.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10

While engaged last May in watching the
transit of Mercury, Professor Proctor and
his assistant observed an intensely bright spot
in the center of the planet as it moved across
the suns disk. 1t is reported that seen through
their powerful refracting telescope, it appear.
ed as a mere vivid point of light, central in
the plannet, like hole pierced in the middle
of piece of round black card board 1t was
permanent from the time the planets centre
touched the one limb of the sun until it left
the other limb--a period of seven hours. ''If
the observation was reliable" says CON-
mentator, lit proves that the planet has a
hollow axis There are hypothesists like
John Bleves Symmes who have long held
that the axis of our globe, as we'll as the axis
of the other planet-spere of our solar system,
is similarly hollow, with clear tubular pas
sage from the north to the south pole. If
such is the fact, it is thought that should any
of the baloonists of Cheyne's expedition reach
the pole, they will be rather warmly received,
the theory being that if the earth is hollow
cylender, each of the poles is the mouth of
vast furnace. In this way German spe-
cialist accounts for the aurora borealis, at
tributing the mysterious ''northern lights to
the glowing crater at the pole.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10

Some lawyers take very practical views of
cases in which they are retained. In a
certain town IN Missouri Square c. was
defending charge of malpractice. A colored
man was suing for damages, his wife having
died shortly after an operation for the re-
mOval of cancer. When it came Square
G--'s turn to cross-examine the plaintiff,
he asked: ''Mr. Wilson, how old was your
wife when she died? ?'
"About forty-6ve, SIR"
''Been in feeble health long time, had
she not, Mr.. Wilson, and cost you great
deal for medicine and help.
"Yes. sir"
"You have married again, have you not p
Eyes. sir"
''How old is your present wife?'
"About thirty-five, sir.
SIS she stout and healthy, Mr.. Wilson ?"
"Yes, SIR"
'Then, Mr.. Wilson, will you please state
to this jury how you are damaged in this
case ?"
Mr.. Wilson had evidently never taken this
view )f the matter. and could make no
answer. The good and true men thought he
had made rather good thing by his bereave-
ment, and brought in verdict for the defen-
dant.- Ha'per's Magazine, April.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10

In the English peerage the oldest duke is
the Duke of Portland, aged seventy-nine
| the youngest, the Duke OF Montrose, aged
twenty-seven. The oldest marquis is the
Marquis of Donegal, aged eighty-two; the
youngest, the Marquis of Camden, aged Sew
en-. The Oldest earl in the House of Peers is
the Earl of Buckinghamshire, aged eighty.
six, though the Oldest bearer Of the title is
the Earl of Kilmorey, an Irish peer, aged
ninety-one; the youngest is the Earl Russell,
aged fourteen. The oldest viscount is Lord
Stratford de Radcliffe, aged 81; and the
youngest, Viscount Southwell, aged 7. The
Oldest baron is Lord Mastyn. aged "a; the
youngest, Lord Southampton, aged 12' The
oldest member in the House of Commons is
Sir Thomas Bagely, NJ. P. for Manchester,
aged 80; the youngest, Lord Colin Campbell,
M. P. for Argyleshire, aged 26. The oldest
judge in England is Sir Fitzroy Kelly, Lord
Chief Baron OF the Exchequer, aged SO; the
youngest, Hon. A.. H. Thesiger, Lord Justice
of Appeals, aged Al. The oldest Judge in
Ireland is the Hon. James O'Brien, of the
Queens Bench, aged 73; the youngest the
Rt. Hon. P. Palles, Chief Baron of the Ex-
chequer, aged 4S. The oldest of the Scotch
Lords of Session is Lord Ormsdale, aged n;
the youngest, Lord Shaud, aged so. The
oldest baronet is Sir Moses Montefore, aged
50; the youngest. Sir T. L. H. Neave, aged
5. The oldest prelate of the Church of Eng
land is the Rt. Rev. A. Ollivant, Bishop of
Llandaff, aged 81; the youngest is the Rt
Rev Rowley Hill, Bishop of Sodor and Man,
aged 43. The Oldest prelate of the Irish
Episcopal Church is the Rr Rev. J. R. OAR
ley, Bishop of Kilmore. aged 70; the young
est the Rt Rev. r. s. Gregg, Bishop of Cork,
aged As. The oldest prelate of the scotch
Episcopal Church is the Rt Rev. r. Eden,
Bishop of Moray and Ross, aged rs; the
Youngest the Rt. Rev. j. r. Macharness,
Bishop of Argyle and the Isles, aged S..
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10
Helena, Montana, Thursday, April 10, 1879
why She Wept.
Detroit Free Press.1

Old Nancy had been telling Bijah tha,
she'd give the court as good ''sass" as he sent,
and that he might give her six months and
be hanged to him. She walked out with an
ugly look in her eyes and her teeth shut, and
was impatient for the affray to begin.
Years and years ago." began his Honor,
as if talking to himself, Il used to pass white
house on Second street. 1t was so white and
clean and its green blinds contrasted so pref
| tily, that used to stand on the walk and
wonder if the inmates were not the happiest
people in Detroit. They were happy. They
had plenty. They had children who played
games on the green grass, and the birds sang
| all day long in the arbors."
Old Nancy looked around uneasily as he
waited moment.
GAS the years went by the white house
turned brown with neglect. The birds went
away. The children died or grew up ragged
and upcivil. we'll remember the day the
husband and father put pistol to his head
and ended his shame and life together. The
wife was drunk when the body was brought
home by the crowd
A low moan of pain escaped the old wom-
ans lips.
''It was her love for drink that killed that
man-that buried the children-that sent the
birds away-that passed the place into stran-
gers hands, whispered the court. ''1s the
woman deadi''
Old Nancy groaned as her tears fell.
mo, she lives. She has no home, no
friends, no one to love her. There must be
times when she looks back to plenty, peace
and happiness, and has such heartache as
few women know of. There must be times
when she remembers the graves she wept
over, and the children's voices must some
time remind her of the tones of those laid to
rest long years ago. would not be in her
place for all the wealth in the world"
ooh! sir! don't talk to me-dont call it
up!" she moaned as she wrung her hands.
''You may 60. p" he quietly said, you have
not long to live. There are those here who
can remember when you had silks instead of
rags-when you rode in your carriage instead
of wandering through alleys and lying in the
gutter. Some morning you will be found
dead. That will be the last act in q drama
so full of woe and misery and wretchedness
that it will be relief to know that you are
dead"
White as ghost, trembling in every limb,
and weeping like child, she passed out.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10

KRUPP, the famous German gun maker,
has just eclipsed all his former efforts by
constructing a new steel cannon, which is
the largest piece of steel ordnance yet made.
1t weighs seventy-two tons, is thirty-twO feet
long, and has calibre of twenty-one and
three-fourth inches, while that of the Eng
lish eighty-ton gun has only eighteen inches.
The charge of this monster gun is to be 1856
pounds of prismatic powder, the projectile
being chilled iron shell weighing 1860
pounds and having bursting charge of %
pounds of powder The force of the shot on
leaving the gun, is estimated at 81, 900 foot
tons, and 1t is calculated that when pointed at
an angle of fo5.y-three degrees with the hori-
zon, the gun Fill throw its prcjectile dis
lance of fifteal miles.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10
Intellectual Test of Nations.

So far as the general ability of the people
of a nation to read and write is q proof of
their superior enlightenment, the Americans
have no rivals in the world. AS readers we
lead all nations. We are 42,OOOOOO. The
population of England, Scotland, Wales and
Ireland is 80, ,0O0,OOO; of France, 36. 600, 600;
of Germany, 2,OOO, 900. In 1870 there were
published in the United States 574 daily, 1926
weekly and 1902 other papers and periodi-
GALS In 1877 the figures were: dailies, 700;
weeklies. 1921; all others, 1924; total 1914
England has but 1852, Germany but 1885,
France but 1859 and Italy but 935. The to
tai of the four nations, embracing an aggre-
gate population of 137, 100000, is but 673l,
or 1913 less than supplies the American pop
ulation of 100000. The distribution of
our daily and weekly papers among the sew
eral states is instructive. They are not by
any means apportioned according to popula-
tion. though New York is always first. 1t
appears that New York has 81 daiies. Penn
sylvania comes next with 76; Illinois third,
with AZ; and, curiously enough, California
fourth. with 43. In that State of less than
$4,000 of the European race they have
more daiies than Ohio, with her 5000, 900,
10 more than Massachusetts or Indiana, II
more than Missouri, 30 more than Iowa, as
many lacking one as Wisconsin, Virginia
and Georgia combined, and more than eight
times as many as Minnesota, Delaware and
Oregon. If, then, the reading of current
publications is irrefragsble test of the supe.
rior instruction of a community. generally,
the population of California stands at the
very summit of modern civilization, so says a
California Exchange.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10

The valley of the Upper Danube-that j:
to say, above the celebrated "lron Gate,
where the river is narrowed to tremendous
canyon formed in the chain of mountains
which unites the Transylvanian Alps with
the Balkan range, is great alluvial basin
into which drains the watershed OF Hungary
within the line of the main ridge OF the Car
pathians. The ''bOttOm lands" are therefore
in many places protected by dikes or )evees,
and the stability of these is constant matter
of anxiety during the season OF freshets.
The Thesis River is one of the principal trib-
utaries of the Danube, and drains with its
minor branches the great plateau OF 1'ransyl-
vania and the eastern slopes OF the Carpath-
ians. During the winter months immense
quantities of snow fell over Central Europe,
and all the rivers had risen when this mass
of frozen water began to thaw. For week
or more the inundations in the valley of the
Thesis have been very threatening, and the
catastrophe described in our dispatches re-
Gently was hourly apprehended. Aided by
high wind the waters have sapped the foun-
dations of the dikes and finally of the rail-
road embankment which partly covered the
city of Szegedin, which is situated at the
junction of the MarOs river with the Thesis.
The restrained waters having burst through
this last barrier have overwhelmed the city of
Szegedn and caused enormous damage be-
sides most distressing loss of life. Such
catastrophe as this appeals to the skill of the
Austrian engineers to prevent its recurrence.
The deepening of the River Danube at the
''Iron Gates" seems to be measure rendered
absolutely necessary now, and although po-
litical considerations may be opposed to the
idea of rendering the Danube navigable for
gunboats from Buda- Peth to the sea, the in
terests of the people demand such an impor-
tant work.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10
q ID HH-Hh-]-
InQuiSitiVeneSS.

The man who wants to know about things
We have all seen him. Have all "been
there" as they say in the beautiful West. A
dear son of New England having piled q
newcomer in the mining region of Nevada
with every conceivable question as to why he
visited the gold region, his hopes, means,
prospects, ETC., finally asked him if he had
family.
Eyes, SIR" was the reply, II have a wife
and six children, and I never saw one of
them"
Then there was brief silence, after which
the bore commenced: "Was you ever blind,
Sir?"
''No. Sir"
"Did you marry widow
sNo, Sir"
Another pause.
''Did understand you to say that you had
q wife and six children living IN New York,
and had never seen one of them?"
''Fact."
elbow can that be?"
''Why," was the reply, zone of them was
born after left"
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10
HOW 1T ASSAYS.
The Flapjack Fltpper Of the Pahria.
GSalt Lake Tribune.l

| [Salt Lake Tribune(
sIt assays away up" said an old timer tc
the waiter, as he sat down at one of the tables
in Main street restaurant. You see we
drifted on the foot wall and then cross Gu,
the ledge, raised on the hanging rock and
struck it rich; then we"-
''Say, what are ye going to have for din.
nel? What do care about yer hanging wal
and cross-cuts! Just give yer order and be
quick about it,
''Look at that rock" producing an old
that piece carries horn and native silver;
got fourteen inches of that an -
sLook here! Do you want anything to eat
or do you take this place for quartz mill?'
''Can't feller show his specimens if he
wants to?"
'But he's not supposed to soil the table
| cloth with nasty rock and mud.''
"Now, mud pard, hold up. How much
a piece do you pay for washing these table
fixin's anyhow"
':None of your business. If you want din
ner, say so.'
''Do you want to sell out this shebang
Name your figures, young man.
"Ill have to call the police
''Say, art thou the first man that was born,
or vast thou born before the hills?"
"None O. yer business, tell you. Get out
O. here!"
"Get out, eh? just put me out! But /
tell you, ypungster, I'm tough one to start
in on afore dinner; was at the Pahria, l
was, an I'm the toughest man that ever dined
at Buckhorn Springs. Jst put me out now. "
''Do you want dinner"
20! ]ist waltz me out once. found Jack
son, did. Jist hop plate off my head for
starter. Amt ye got no carvin' knives
round the ranch nor northing? Twas through
the Frisco Endowment House, We betcher
boots, an can lick any galoot that never
crossed the Lost River divide. Put up yer
props" ,
Now the proprietor appeared and asked
what the row was about, when the Pahrla
chief silently walked off with his wrath and
his rock, muttering as he went
s'1'm tough to curry, l am. Ninety-nine
per cent cut an shoot, and the balance dead
on the fight, is what l sample every time.
Any galoot that can't flip slapjack out the
chimley an ketch it on the turn afore it
strikes bedrock, ain't got no busines to tackle
me-"
And he walked off toward Meader's assay
Office
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10

RUGS for the house, to use on hardwood
floors, are made of very small pieces of fur
of various brown, gray, white, cream and
black shades. arranged in geometrical designs
of squares, stars, or circles in the middle,
with corner pieces of triangular shape, and
border of black beaver. In some of these
are bits of wOlf-skin or bands of silver-b beaver,
which are black with white hairs sewed in,
and others have the yellow tinted throats of
the sable arranged in radiating figure in the
center; the expense is from $35 to $50.
Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900, 1879-04-10
A DAY DREAM.

shut my eyes and see it all
The garden and the wood,
The lilacs and naples tall,
Thd grass plat where she stood.
Above, the spreading apple trees
Their snowy blossoms shed,
That fl ,ating on the morning breeze
Fall gently on her head.
The quaint old house with narrow caves.
The chimneys broad and low,
The shadows of the waving leaves
That softly come and 90.
hear the sound of many feet
Upon the Oaken floor,
! hear young voices glad and sweet
Within the open door.
And now they come merry thrODg,
Fresh as the vernal breeze,
And summon her with shout and song
Who stood beneath the trees.
see them all together 60
Beyond the wooded hill;
Their song sounds far away and low,
1t fades, and all is still.
'Tis but q dream. for nevermore
To time do they belong.
Their footsteps press no earthly shore,
No mortal hears their song.
But one of all who gathered there
Remains the tale to tell;
'Tis she upon whose dark brown hair
The apple blossoms fell.
And once again upon her hair
Is SNOWY whi eness shed,
But 'tis not apple blossoms fair
That rest upon her head.
Thus, often as nights shadows come,
NY eyes are filed with tears,
As visions of that peaceful home
Rise from the vanished years.