New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-01-27
SUGAR REFINING.
LETTER FROM PROFESSOR MORTON.
TILE prFINIxn PROCESS DEsCRIBkD CLEARLY-

To the RAZOR or The Trfb"nc
| SIR: The sugar-caue. M every one knows, is
plant which grows essentially in warm climates
aud yields crop year. The extraction OF the
SUGAR from its juice it, therefore, a process winch
must be rapidly effected at q certain season, and
thus it to pass that this is largely done III
a rough way in the producing countries, and that
the raw sugar so obtained is refined for use i'll the
colder countries where the appliances of ma
chIncry. fuel and skilled labor more accessible
| and NAV he kept in continuous operation through
out the wear by working on the stock OF raw ma
/ tcria RAPIDLY collected in the producing countries
! a the season of the ''crop" OF when the cane was
| ripcncd.
! The raw sugar to be- refined consists Of canesugar
! proper, mixed with glucose inverted sugar.
/ water, and various kinds of impurities or dirt ~
| We might call it, more or less offensive. lhls dirt
! includes coloriug matter, gum. alhumcn. Tactic
/ accilc and other acids anmoniacal aniis. phos-
pilates. sulpbaics, carbonates and organic salts
! of potash soda. lime and maencs,a silica.
and also sand fragments of cane etc.
! The object of refining is. Cf cour~c, 10
remove ali tn. Obj ''tiouahlc port ."u of his mIN'u"
Il, thoroughly rs tGr circumstances of ihe case will
admit. To c!fnrt tins removal thrre agcnccS or
c'asSr- 81 agencies AZ, o.np y: I~t, Crystalline
tioa; 81, Filtration; 3d. Chemical reaction.
FI.t-It i,l general rn'c with AL sub '''c'.
that wh.u they crrs,a'.ic from solution TIE, VHI
tend tothrov ont from thc crl i"i' aud LH'' r
the moth"r hq1or' 81 it l. ca Il. "r t!o rr,'iu-
np fu;d ~ointlou. any FOREIGN su"'ia"c" or i'm
purity with which ihcy may hay" bc"a uiN"'
conG-Oc course. iIisolHbr impurities t,r al
way' be- removed from any soluble substance by
making = solution thereof 5nd Gitcrrne ~trainne
il but bc.dcs this ii has hcru found that bone
hlach ar animal ch1rtoii' prepared BY char
ne b,ue,aId like animal matter has the remark
able property of absorbing, and 80 removing from
solution dlaiue, through il. colorIug matter, or
ranic matter generally, such ~ gum. alhumcn.
gluten etc. salts Of lime, potash, soda, ETC., and
ylUau~ other Materials.
ThWi-Bv the addition Of lime and aihumcn, the
latter generally ia The form Of blood, 20 solution
of raw sucar, . ilorculent procipitatc Is formed,
Yhci removes many Impurities, such some coli
oring matter, gum, u>oube matters and the Ike.
AcidHla.cd Alcohol vii produce similar c.ect,
and hydro Haosliclc acid and chalk, sulplatc of
aldmina anl other like compounds, have been emf
pl'yed 10 re'uovc the very obccfionabi potash
~iit Su'phurou, acid. either rs n gas or ~ a
suphI:r, ha, been frequently employed in the rrtn-
iuG OF su-aIS. we'll - in thc first making forIt
not only tend, To prevent fermentation. but is a
powerful btachiug agent. DESTROYING many orcanIc
colorng matters. Mu.Iatic acid has similar az
ton bleaching acid. and 50 also has mGgiatc of
~ ''S ~ IL" 80 anu 80 ''''' '"i
preparing solutions for test by the polari,copc !
i''' ~ '''' '"i' .' ''' '''" wiz nave
.,, ' ~ '''' 80 '''''"7' '"' ''' ""'''
viii suffice for present notice.
Such beng the general character Of thc agencies
ayaIiaai" zoo sugar refining. let IL see how thew
ar' applied ~ practice. Toe raw sugar first
"H"lir' or dI-. pl'e "a water, ant i, then passed
'"' '"''' INV ''"' ''''' Wv
'''"-"'>. Do" 81 INV ''' '''' '' ''i' '''
'"c"' = ~ ",' .','' >''' " W. ''''' '"''" az
w. ''
" -" -,
'', 81 ,,,.,. >,
~" - , ~, ,,
, L.,I. t,; ,Irt,. .i,,. ,I,
49,. ....,. =. -.
. - '
,."I..,.t 49,. -
... ,,., So ''' ,'''
..,...I al . ;.l , -
.,r, i,,,,,, i.,to ,,nr,,.r,t. ,....I. and ,.i,,I
or ir,o ,..,trfu., ,,,I .nurccd ' "a we sh,u 49,.
pr.,,niIy.
y hcl ready for draining or purgine. the svrup
consist, e.,rlti1iIV OF > mixture of CRYSTALS of
NOR. or less pur. sugar with mother HoHor or
mu.a,.c. Now This tru.,.c> consists of the orig
ial vyrI, mimi, the iii EAR wlch has crystaIIilcd
cut: II therefore contain, Il quantity of inverted
sugar which viii not rry,taIliz %. some water.
copVdcr,b'r amount 0f sugar 5tll in solution to-
grther with co0rug matter and such other impuri-
tues "a, have escaped The filter, and other treatment
hc morn caiu pc,o,y this molasses is removed the
amman. and winter ,,ll H., tbc SMEAR For tho L.t
/ t.'..., ,I,. -, =; ,,. 49,, -
I'ai sugar inc 'N't"II'"o syrup II pun mo coh'al
mouths, when HAY" openings at their lower pointed
ends. and i, allowed 10 drain for some DAYS White
,.,,, j. thcp n,urrd on fine uppcr ends and drain
, F'"P " ' ' ''
Ing through carried out every trace ol the mOlasScS.