, 1879-07-10

DO AcoomplHhea ny tic reduction Dt l9bot Ill
the Unitod statoa to olght hours per slay.
We nbnudon tho discussion OF ressllts 70
far distant. Tint subjoot 1nny 10 lift to
poaserity and sevoral generations remote.
Wo turn it over for debate to tl,oso who nro
looking for tho ond Of tho world 10 decide
whether suoh result Ia possible within the
limited centuries in which man Ia to exist.
Wo prefer to look at II moro practically.
Suppose tho ejght-lour rulc bo ndopted In
Illinois, how many will bo ab!e to accept It
In the first place, MI those persons engaged
In agriculture mud horticulture will DO ex-
oludct, and thoso aro more tlnn hnlt
the laboring population. In the next
place nta those engaged in COM
morco md in tho professions, all
those engaged in transportation, oil those
skilled workmon who aro paid for tho work
they produce, md oil those who III any oces,-
patton work, M It il cn1lotl, by "the piece"
and every day tho circle including thoso is
becoming wider and embracing more Of those
whose skill is moro valuable than tho mere
forco Of others. Tho remaining workers
who can avail themselves Of m cighLhour
rule nre necessarily confined to few special
trades n'ld 10 those who aro unsktlled lanor-
era. Four-ffths of the population Of tho
Stnto Of 1liaoia therefore nrc engaged In
occupations to which 1t In not possible to
Apply tho o1ght-hour riio, and who will, III
solf-defenso, resist tho enforcement Of MY
such rulo upon their omp1oyulents. re-
diced, then, to fact, wo have one-fiftL
OF tho work'ng population OF this ssato de-
mana'ng TINT ther employers shnll pay 20
per cent mora Tor tho product OF their labor
.u"a 40 w" i'u'' assuming u'o ''ke aoVaneo
- nv oos' ~, y. "eso, " 'u's 'olhl"''".l'uy
1u". 11u "uu .. .''''''.a cnas ~ n' pafts ol .ne
ou'S" o,a's'' taen We t"So aS u fee1'1
soa''"' ~ 'A1'o - Nv euS' u ptot.uo''oi VI
vs. >A'1s p4oo"s'" ~ .Aoso us"'1enes u 'h-
u17y, "'u .ouSet"oA' a's'','on ~ eile coa1
" ir1s ~ 'uo "Ao.o popu1"''on o. 'oo
ooun.y 10 i'"a "uo NJ" t'eta pee
"y "'a 14".. .nAs' "nnA .ao - per co'' ~
aaooo " tue evss VI n'ahs' n's % pef
ua' W. ooea' oa9y a. : s1'o' 'oeS i'" WIG"
4'o ln0Aea i's Pusctl"so"'
Inc picture OF ,2oo,o0o'osD people OF tho
world relieved from ignorance anu poverty
ana msdo tree' happy, anu Intelligent, work"
ing only oight or ssx hours per day, and each
reooiVfng m equal "aRos OF W rer day, and
with t4is l'horat income enjoying tho COM
forts, and eleganoes, and cultivation now
on1oyod by tho comparatively fow people on
Garth, with oaca producing what ho moods,
no person, OF people, or nation having my
thing 70 soil, and no ono over undersolting
one another. is ono TINT has been dreamed Of
occasionally, aa has the Millennium, but Of
whose realization there is no Indication,
II thore be no competition in this world;
if there be no man more skilled, or wiser, or
better informed than all other 1non; if each
mans lot is to receive hts daily measure Of
food, his necessary clothing, mud lis lodging;
if these nre to be tho solo oud and MIN Ut
human life, with no hopo of bettor things,
no higher thoughts than thoso of mere ani-
mal existence, thcn non-compotitiyo labor
may be considered human luxury. That
prevails nlroady extensively in tho human
family. It is inseparab1a from alavory and
barbarian, md is tho essential principle Of
patcrnal government But freedom Of mind
aud OF body has larger wants. It has high
or aims and homes. 1t Beeks tho ]ar1cst
liberty of thought and notion. It fur
uishes tho erent spur to intellectual aud