davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
Wages and Living EXPENSES.

Commissioner LIE Due is collecting
statistics for his next annual report con =
corning the rate of wages and the cost
of living among farm laborers through
out the United States. Within the last
year he has ascertained the cost of liv-
ing and the average rate of wages paid
have decreased about fifteen per cent.
in all parts of the country, with excep-
tion, perhaps, of Minnesota, Colorado,
California, Oregon and Washington Ter
ritory. In Colorado and New Mexico
there has been an increase in the rate of
wages paid, and corresponding increase
in the cost of living, owing to the de.
mand for labor resulting from the large
mining operations that have developed
within the last twelve months. In Min
nesota, and in the other States and Ter
ritories named, the rate of wages paid
and the expense of living are about the
same as it was u year ago.
In New England the average pay OF
farm laborers without board is Ss2O.3l
per month, against Ss22 60 q year ago;
decline of about ten per cent. The
average cost of hiring has fallen from
SO 13, year ago, to $500, decline OF
more than thirteen per cent.
In New York, New Jersey and Penn,
sylvania the prices paid for farm labor
have fallen eight and three.fourths per
cent, while the cost of living has fallen
ten per cent.
In Virginia, Maryland. North and
South Carolina and Georgia labor is re-
duced about fifteen per cent. and sub
sistence sixteen per cent.
In Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana
and Texas the decline in wages has been
about five per cent. and the cost OF living
about three per cent.
In Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan
and Wisconsin the average rate of wages
paid to farm hands is $40 80, while west
of the Mississippi the average is raised
to $23.S1. The price of labor and the
cost OF living have not materially changed
thin the last year-the great reduc-
tion having taken place in 1877.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
INV Darllng's Blind.'

A lady entered car on the Oakwood
road one day the past week leading a
little girl perhaps four years old. The
mother sat down and lifted the little one
to the seat beside her. The child was
nibbling at a bit of cake or sugar, now
and then turning her face, full of child
ish love, up to her mother and murmur-
ing some almost unintelligible words Of
affection.
Opposite to mother and child sat
another younger lady, who often smell
ed fresh rose which she held. The in
nocent little one before her attracted her
attention, and the natural kindliness of
tho sympathetic woman's heart prompt
ed her at once to offer the fragrant flower
to the little budding lily opposite. So
she leaned bit forward and spoke:
Baby want the posey?'
But the child seemed not to hear her.
Perhaps it was the noise of the moving
car that prevented. Then she spoke u
little louder, and held the flower forward
temptingly--
'Baby may have the poHey.'
The mother heard, for she looked to-
ward the other lady and s:niled-and OH,
such q look of heartfelt gratitude, of
motherly love, yet heavily saddened
with such an expressive tinge of sorrow
rs is seldom seen. And still the lady OF
the rose pressed upon the little ones &C.
ceptance of the flower.
'Baby, take the rose,' holding it
almost to the child's hands. And now
it seemed that sue heard, for the blue
eyes turned full upon her would-be
patron, and then in moment she
strongly drew back and turned her eyes
appealingly toward her mothers face.
The lady with the flower showed her be-
wilderment in her look, while panied
expression fitted across the face of the
mother, who leaned forward and whis
pered just word
'My darling is blind!'
Then the whole sunless, darksned life
of the fair little being-fair rs the flower
which had been offered to her-came up
before the mind. All beauty shut out
from her foreverl For her no foliage
strewn, fower-studded scene to follow
the bleakness Of winter. No looking
with awe into the mysterious depths of
the night sky, sparkling with elittering,
twinkling star gems, for over those blue
eyes the Creator, in the mysteries of
His designs, had hung the impenetrable
vail. No expectant gaze toward the
mothers faca for the gentlest smile that
ever soothes childish trouble; only the
blind passage of the little hand over
those features, for one moments sight
of which that growing little one will
often willingly offer years of existence.
For her the birds will sing; the lowell
ness OF form and feather are not. For
her, while the babbling stream may
make mysterious music, its dimpled
waves and winding reaches and yerdant
banks do not exist.
How bitterly vivid all this as the lady
opened the little hand and shut within
it the tnornless stem of the rose, now
bearing tear on its petals
Aud there were other swimming eyes
in the car. - Utica Tribune.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
For Wine Drinkers.

Joaquin Miller, in the Independent,
tells how he has seen them making wine
in the old country: When was living
in Italy, on the shores of the Adriatic,
I went up into the mountains among the
peasants to live and learn their habits of
life. The poor or laboring people are
the real people of any land. The rich
are all alike. The poor people are the
character of the country. And then it
is theory of mine that the sweetest
flowers grow close to the ground. These
peasants were wine-makers. Their
splendid dark women climbed the steep
mountains and carried the grapes down
in great baskets on their backs; then
they emptied these baskets into great
round fiat tub or vat. then they 60 into
this great shallow tub, in their short
red petticoats with their naked brown
feet; then they join hands and begin to
go round and round, singing and laugh
ing as they went. They were treading
out the wine. They were black-eyed
and beautiful; they were light-hearted
and happy. They had storms of black
and abundant hair over their shoulders.
They showed the prettiest white teeth
in the world, as they lifted their happy
faces and circled round and round, and
trampled the grapes, until they stood
knee-deep in the wine. At first L did
not like to drink this wine, because |
did not think it was clean. But | after
ward watched them at their work more
closely, and saw with pleasure that they
invariably and always washed their feet
after they got done treading out the
Uina
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
A Birds C0urtship and Death.

A lady who lives in st. Louis relates
the following: A few days ago there
fell in front of her window from tree a
'chippy' or ground bird, such as chatter
about the parks and streets. 1t seemed
worried aud crippled. She picked it
up, carried it in the house, fed it from
her own mouth and at night placed it in
the cage with her canary. The canary
at once bestowed upon the newcomer
all of the attention of mother, and
nestled beside the little stranger during
the night. In the morning the lady
placed the chippy in the window 30 that
it might have the privilege of regaining
its freedom. 1t plumed it's tiny wings
and went away. The canary mourned
during the day as if he had lost his
mate. In the evening the chippy came
back and perched upon the window
The sash was raised and it flew in and
nestled upon the cage; the canary at
once struck up his liveliest tunes and
seemed grati6ed. This was repeated
two or three days, the chippy going each
morning and returning in the evening.
One day it went away and did not come
back. The canary droopcd and the next
day fell dead from his perch in the sun
shine that played over his gilded cage
in the window. That night the chippy
returned and during the evening mourn
ed over its dead companion. In the
morning it clung to the cage until it was
turned out. For few days the empty
cage was hung in The window, and on
each succeeding evening the chippy re-
turned and chirped as if it was grief
stricken. One day it brought worm
in its bill, dropped it in the cage, flew
away and came back no more.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
Thought He'd Get Trusted.

A small boy with a big cent in his
hand stood before Michigan avenue
grocery for long time yesterday before
making up his mind to enter. When
asked what he desired, he inquired
If boy should come here and get
trusted for stick of gum, how much
would it be?'
'One cent was the reply.
And if boy should come here with
the cash, how much would it be2'
Just the same
Then guess I'll get trusted quiet
ly remarked the financier as he slipped
the cent down into his pocket.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04

whole summer alone in their country
home, but actually, when they came
back to London, had the courage to ap-
pear, in the very height of the season,
in the same box at the opera.
Really, Kate says Miss Selma, L
never was so astonished. The gentle
man on your left
lis always on my right now, dear. He
will never he in the opposition again. -
HdTper'S WeekM.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
Fate.

Oh eyes that mate with mine, of all the earth
Dear. wistful eyes that mine have never seon!
pray that ye may never look my way
Until my grave be green!
oh hands that would have helped me in myneed!
That mover would have thrust my own aside,
Oh. never may ye touch me till l lie
Too pale for pride!
Oh feet in listening for whose coming youth
Went by, while of its leaf-time came no bloom!
;Tis now too late for 70 to come, till
For happier hearts make room.
Oh lips that would have found my own most
sweet
or all sweet things that gladden. Gods dear
earth
Let the world part us until mine are cold
And dumb and little worth.
Oh heart Of all hearts, that was meant for mine,
That somewhere wanderest weary for my sake!
Will some mysterious sorrow thrill thee through
The day that mine shall break?
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04

A Canadian firm has adopted the
following novel method of Kidding their
store of flies: While the store is closed
on Sunday, they burn a quantity OF
birthstone in their windows, and the
fumes arising from it suffocate all the
flies that go near to the window to be
near the light. Fully three pints Of
dead flies are found in the window every
Monday morning. As they are very
thick this season this mode of getting
rid of them is very effectual.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
FOur.Leaf Clover.

Down among the orchard-grass,
A happy, careless rover,
Pretty little Margery
Goes hunting four-lcaf clover.
Timid little Margery
Gives her searching over,
Startled by a shadow
Darkening the clover.
Kneeling down beside her,
Blossoms arching over,
Martin in the orchard grass,
Goes hunting four-leaf clover.
Gazing in each others eyes,
Searching is all over
There's no longer any need
For hunting four-leaf clover.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04

A census of Kansas, just completed,
shows population of S49, 1878, an in
crease of sixty per cent. over that OF
1875, which was returned as 52S, 437.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04

The sergeant -at-arms of the British
House of Commons has held his Office
for forty three years.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
Gatu1tin Clarion ,
A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER,

Containing carefully prepared abstract OF
the News of the Day a Historical. Foreign
and Domestic Intelligence; Topics Of the
Times; carefully prepared Markets; Items
of Interest, political or otherwise Local In.
telligence, and rare selection of instructive
Reading.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1879-09-04
TERNIS:

TERMS:
$3.50 in Advance, $500 at end of Year.
eF SINGLE COPIES 5 CENTS. 81
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30
First Edition.
2 O'CLOCK, p. N.
BY CABLE.
A Spanish Mail Train Robbed by
Brigands.
A Russian Death Sentence Com
mutsd to Siberian Ban
ishment.
THE WHEEL OF FORTUNE WINS
The Artillery of Mt. Etna- Balls Of
Fire Bursting Skyward.
A Stream Of Lava Flowing Toward
' a Village.
u O.
THE WHEEL OF FORTUNE WINS
The Artillery of Mt. Etna- Balls Of
Fire Bursting Skyward.
A Stream of Lava Flowing Toward
n a Village.
An Anlericanized Frenchnlan Ex-
PEELED from France.
The Death Penalty Proposed In
y. Switzerland. ris-n


MADRID, May 3d. The mail train
on the Saragossa and Madrid railway
was stopped by brigands near Gala
taynd and robbed of eight thousand
dollars. bnsd d Ir slllsai aa.l.,f
The next army estimates viii pro
pose a reduction Of 10000, exclusive
of the reduction in Cuba.
ST.. PETERSBURG, May 3O.-The
death sentence Of Sophia Hertzfeldt
has been commuted to banishment for
life to Siberia. 20 3. 'aiaf 'snl.a ati
LONDON, May 3O.-A dispatch from
Cape Town says it is reported that
Cetiwayo is retiring northward,
Wheel of Fortune, the favorite. won
the Oaks. Caruth got the second
place and Adventure third. There
were eight starters. ai '7ia
The council Of the State of Canton
of Uri, Switzerland, has submitted to
the great council a law visiting will
ful muder and incendiarism resulting
in the loss Of life, with punishment Of
death. The execution to be private.
The eruption of Mt. Etna increases
in force. The quantity yof ashes thrown
out is somewhat less, but the volume
of yapor has greatly increased in den,
sity. So 9ao1go a M
On Wednesday nighta number Of
brilliant balls of fire were thrown to a
great height and burst aloft like
rockets emitting a frey shower.
A stream Of lava is flowing appar-
emily in the direction Of Randazzo,
but the exact line has not yet been
verified, During the whole Of We'd
nesday night loud reports, like the
rolling of artillery, were heard. %
RARls, May 3O.-7l4acaste, French
man who was naturalized in the Uni
ted States some years ago, has been
expelled from France for renouncing
his nationality without performing his
military duty. Mr.. Noyes, United
States minister, fruitlessly endeavored
to secure a revocation of the order,
The impression prevails that only
the university clauses of Minister
Jules Ferris education bill will be
proceeded with, and that the anti.
Jesuit clause will be deferred until
next session or indefinitely. 'a io
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30
SARATOGA.
The Women Home Mission Society
In Session.

SARATOGA, May 3O.-The Women 4
Home Mission Society Of the West
had an exciting meeting this morning
while acting on the report of the com
mittee adopted by the Home Mission
Society last evening to diSband and
give over the work to the new society
Many men were present, and Mrs. j.
W. Grouse, president Of the society,
requested them to let the ladies attend
to their own business.
Rev. DR.. Smith, of the Theological
Seminary, Chicago, spoke in their
behalf, and said that they did not like
to give up their work until they saw
what arrangement had been made to
carry on the work they had begun.
Rev. DR.. Larimer, of Chicago, ad-
vised them not to give up until they
were assured of a continuance of their
work. 1t would not be wise to dis
band to-day.
Rev, DR., Cheney, of Chicago, in
dorsed DR.. Smiths remarks. The
matter was deferred till later ses
sion. The Home Mission Society
then assembled.
Rev, DR.. Wayland Hayt presented a
preamble aud resolutions, saying that
the Supreme Court of the United
States had declared poligamy a Grim
inal ofense, and in the name of the
Baptists and all patriotic and Chris
tian citizens he appealed to the execu-
tive and officials to enforce the laws
against it.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30
Second Edition.
= O'CLOCK, P. n.
DECORATION DAY.
How 1t is Observed in New York
ri and Elsewhere,
A Beautiful Spectacle as the Troops
Moved Along the Streets.

New York, May 3O.-The prepa-
rations made for due observance of
Decoration Day were far more elobo-
rate than they have been in recent
years, the most impressive demonstra-
tions being the military parades, in
which the whole Of the First Division
National Guard participated in New
York, and the whole of the Second
Division in Brooklyn The day is
very generally observed as a holiday.
All places of public and nearly all
places Of private business were closed.
On all the principal buildings flags
we're displayed, and bunting in Broad
way was sufficiently plentiful to make
a very pretty spectacle, especially when
the great thorOughfare was filed with
troops The streets through which
the procession moved were packed
with people, and the windows of all
the neighboring houses were also
filled with sight-seers, and the roofs Of
the houses were also hung with flags
and bunting.
WASHINGTON, May 30.-Decora-
ton day is being generally observed
here. All of the national and district
departments and many business houses
are closed, and flags are flying at hall
mast from public buildings, hotels
and other places. At the Arlington
representative j. W. Keifer, of Ohio,
made an address.
| CHICAGO, May 3O.--The graves Of
fallen soldiers were honOred to o-day by
floral tributes at the various eeme.
teries, There was a grand military
parade this afternoon and a liberia
display of stars and stripes.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30

great sacrifices, has always maintained
her credit in Europe by punctually
paying the interest and sinking fund
on her debt. But neither Peru nor
Bolivia has pretended to do so for
some years. Only few months ago a
committee of the Peruvian bondhOld-
ers in England solicited the ministry
to interfere, in order to force Peru to
pay her debts, making some ugly asser-
tions as to the honesty Of the Peruvian
government. Naturally, Peru is far
more wealthy than Chill; but the
latter country has greater energy. in
dustry and economy in her govern
ment, and, above all, more common
honesty. The war must be settled in
a great measure by the navies Of Peru
and Chill. In such a war Bolivia can
not be counted as of any Importance,
having no ships, and now no ports.
Chill and Peru are about equal in the
number of vessels, but know that
the Chilian naval officers are far supe-
rior to those of Peru.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30

Hon. CHARLES FOSTER, who was
nominated by the Ohio Republican
convention at Cincinnati Thursday for
governor of the State, was born in
Seneca county, Ohio, April IL, 1923,
and is a merchant and banker at
Fostoria. He was elected to the
FOrty-second, Forty-third and Forty
fourth congresses, and was reelected
to the Forty-ffth congress. He was
defeated in the race for the Forty
sixth congress by Ebenezer B.
Finley, (Dem.) in the Eighth dis
trict of Ohio. Mr.. Foster is the
candidate of the Sherman Hayes
wing Of the Stalwart crowd, which is
working actively against the Grant
wing of the same anti Redublican fac
ton His triumph is thrust at
Grants aspirations. This nomination
means John Sherman for President.
Hence its Importance and significance
with reference to the Presidential
campaign.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30
YHE WAR IN SOUTH AMERICA.
The Effort Of Peru to MOnOpOIizs the
Production Of Nitrate Of Soda.

A correspondent of the Boston Ad-
Vertiser, writing from Valparaiso,
says 1 lr u b 500 e..
i [ will try to tell you the principal
causes of the present difficulties in
Chill, Bolivia and Peru. Bolivia
broke her solemn treaty with Chill
because she found it to her interest to
do so. Bolivia has also the stimulus
of being hounded on by Peru, because
Peru has, until very lately, had the
monopoly of the production of nitrate
Of soda, very extensively used in
Europe for manure and many chemical
purposes. The Importance of this
product and its shipment to Europe
have grown enormously during the
last fifteen or twenty years. | went
to Iquique in 1S42, still the principal,
but then the only port of export, to
take the weight of a cargo which was
there shipped. Then three or four
vessels per month were loaded, but
during the past two years over one
hundred vessels per month have loaded
at lquique and two small adjacent
ports. This monopoly of Peru has
given aud is giving her an income oil
from five to seven millions annually.
About four or five years ago the ma
tive salt, from which the nitrate is
made, was found also on the coast of
Bolivia, and almost exclusively
through Chilian capital aud enterprise
the trade in it has become great
competitor and consequent thorn in
the side of Peru. In 1874 Chill and
Bolivia made treaty by which the
latter, for some considerations of
ceded rights to disputed territory,
agreed not to impose any export duties
on nitrate or enact any laws that might
hamper or cause any expense to the
Chilian capital employed on her coast
over and above such restrictions as at
that time existed.
Since then, millions of Chill capital
have been invested in mining and the
manufacture of nitrate on this form
erly unproductiye coast, causing three
important towns TO be built, nine-
tenths Of the inhabitants Of which are
Chilians. In violation of the treaty
and all justice, the Bolivian congress,
in February, 1873, decreed an export
duty Of ten cents per one hundred
pounds on all nitrate shipped at their
ports, This was done partly to OBJ
tain an income for themselves, but
chiefly through the influence Of Peru,
which government stipulated by a
private treaty with Bolivia to sustain
her against all claims by Chill. The
latter country protested, and tried by
every means to make Bolivia respect
her treaty obligations but, finding
diplomacy useless, Chill sent her
squadron, composed of two powerful
ironclads and four small coryettes,
and took possession of the whole Of the
Bolivian coast OF course this exas-
perated both Bolivia and Peru, aud is
the principal cause OF the war.
The war brings ruin to all three OF
these very poor countries, Chill, vt
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30
River TeIegrans.

WHEELING, May 3O.-River 4 feet
8 inches and falling.
CINCINNATI, May 80 River l6 feet
and falling. Clear.
CAIRO, May 3O.-Arrived = Belle
Memphis, St. Louis, 8p,m.; Anderson,
Nashville, 10; Gilmore New Orleans,
l lam; Scudder, New Orleans, 5;
Iroisides, st. Louis, Guiding Star,
New Orleans, 6; Maude, Vicksburg,
noon; James Howard, st. Louis, noon.
Departed-Belle Memphis, Memphis,
II pm; Ironsides, St. Louis, 6 a. m
Anderson, Nashville, 8; Guiding Star
Cincinnati, 8; Gilmore and Scudder
St. Louis, 8. Fair and warm.
Special to the Ledger.
HELENA, ARK, May 30, IL a.m.-
The steamer Josie Harry passed here
at II am. for Memphis with an ex
cellent trip, will arrive at 10 o'clock
tonight and leave Saturday evening
on time with a return trip for White
river, going through to Jacksonport
MILT HARRY, Master.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1879-05-30
SAN FRANCISCO.
Students Expslled--AutOpsy of Trey
Dye---Mining Stock Suit,

SAN Francisco, May 30.-The en-
tire sophomore class of the State Uni
versity we're expelled yesterday fol-
refusing to divulge the names of mem.
bers of the class guilty of issuing an
obscene bogus junior examination
programme.
An autopsy of Trey Dye disclosed a
healthy condition of the brain.
Martin White brings suit against
the managers Of the Martin White
Mining Company for the recovery Of
II, 1000 shares of stock Of tho company
and $4,000 cash, on account of the
alleged failure of defendants to pay of
the indebtedness of the corporation
according to agreement, and for as
sessments wrongfully exacted from
the plaintiff,