davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1879-07-27

Additional adyices are received concern
ing Gen. NILES position A courier brings
the news into Bismarck that the command
under that officer are, or were at last ac-
counts, in camp on Beaver Creek, "recuper-
ahng." As the statement is mnda that adul-
honal troops will be sent forward, it ls ta:r
to presume that Miles has found his force
insufficient to perform the work he had laid
out, and that, while he is presumably acting
on the defensive entirely, he will make the
attempt, at the proper moment, to carry out
his original plan. This, Of course, is moth
ing more nor less than punishment OF the
savages for being south of the line, where
they hive come now and then. to get food.
When Gen. MILES has sufficiently S'recu-
perated," and the fresh troops have joined
him, the country may soon afterwards re-
ceive intelligence of an activity that will
have much the bearing Of earnest warfare.
, 1879-07-27
ANNOUNCEMENTS

Subscribers going Into tho country intending to be
abscnt the city for any length OF time can have
lnE TRIBUNE mailed any address, postpaid. for 81
Per month
For the greater convcr;-nce O. cse wishing to avoid
the necessity Of tEfp 10 TIE TEIEr:E ONCE, arrange
meuts have been perfe ted t: receiving small adVer"
1tsernents hy telephone This Oft, Is supplied with
both the Bell and the E4e4 iost1un.s~ and RESPONSE
BILE PARTIES send their Advertisements ut any hour
from to u D. m By tc!epte>e direct to this Office
Orders for the delivery Ut TIE TERSSE at Evanston
Enxlexood and Hyde Park left IA tae couutanz"soom
1lllrecetye ET.sn1nt attention
, 1879-07-27
TIE CONGRESSIONAL LABOR COMMITTEE
IN CHICAGO,

THE CONGRESSIONAL LABOR COMMITTEE
IN CHICAGO.
The presence in this city Of the Congress
sional Committee charged with inquiry into
the causes Of business and labor depression
would have been more important to the pub
Lie six months or d year ago. This Commit
tee WIS orignclly organized by the preceding
Congress, which made Mr.. HEWITT, Of New
York, Chairman. At Hhat time there was
apparent reason for such IN investigation as
was proposed Tae prolongation Of the life
OF the Committee under the direction Of Mr.
HEspR1oK B. WR1GEr, of Pennsylvania, the
presen. Chairman, was of very doubtful
necessity. In any event, the Committee has
come into section Of the country where it
will be puzzled to find at this time the de-
preston of industry and labor which it was
appointed to investigate: There has been
marvellous change for The better in the
condition Of trade aud industry since
the Committee WIS originally organized.
The sound OF the hammer, the clink
of the trowel, the din Of the foundry,
the smoke from the factory -chimneys,
the roar Of the furnaces, the swarm of work
men at the depots and about the harbors, the
unceasing rumble Of the railroad-tr trains across
the Continent,-al these signs of renewed
activity are to-day more striking than any en-
dences Of idleness or suffering that can be
raked together after tie most vigorous
search. The great mass Of the unemployed
have been provided with labor at wages which
represent larger purchasing power than
those which we're paid previous to the War,
or in the very hight Of infaticn. Confidence
has been very generally re-established; capi-
talists are seeking profitable employment for
their means; money can be procured readily
at the lowest rates ever known in this coun-
try; and the signs Of prosperity are more nu-
merous and palpable than the rumors Of de-
preston. We are, inclined. to think that
practically, at least 60 far as this section Of
the country is concerned, the Committee's
occupation is gone.
It is too much to expect, however, that a
Congressional Committee, with an ample
allowance for travelling expenses out of the
Public Treasury, should voluntarily
abandon any line of inquiry which it has
undertaken. Mr. WEIGHTS Committee, con-
sequently, will proceed with the invegtiga-
ton in hand just as if the conditions were
the same as those which called it into e1-
istence. It is to be hoped, nevertheless,
that the time and the facilities Of the inquiry
may be improved to ascertain the actual
state Of trade, industry, and labor, rather
than to assume depressed condition for the
, 1879-07-27

A favorite and ofs-repeated assertion of
one of the eight-honr gate-monay denE-
gogues who works his jaws more than his
hands is, s:That general reduction Of the
hours to eight throughout the United States
will create a demand FOR two millions more
persons at eight hours per day. This de-
mand for extra labor Will advance wages,
and, therefore, under the eight-hour system
everybody can get work at big wogcs. .
Let us see if it will. If four millions Of
men labor ten hours per day the Yalue of their
products will set four millions Of other ten
hour men at work to produce enough goods
to exchange products with the former. But
let the frst-uamed four millions shorten
their hours to eight, and then they will pro-
ducs only enough to purchase about three
fourths Of the products Of the other four
millions Of ten-hour workers; consequently
one million of the latter will be thrown out
of employment for want of market for their
goods, or they must shorten their hours and
accept three-fonrths wages for their less pro-
duction. # the eight-hour advocates would
stop to reflect that the demand for goods de-
termines the supply, and that the amount Of
the workman's demand is limited to his ea1n-
ings; that the amount Of products which he
offers in exchange or the worth of his money
wages constitutes his ability to purchase the
products of others, they will then be in q
mental condition to perceive that for each
workman to shorten up the hours of pro-
duction is not the best way to earn
money to pay for the labor Of
others and set idle men at work.
An eight-hour worker produces enough goods
to exchange for eight hours production Of
some other man. So if he works ten hours
he can purchase the products Of ten hours
work Of another man. But ten-hour man
dropping down to eight hours don't increase
production or wealth thereby for himself or
any one else. He is nanifestly able to pur-
chase only eight-tenths as much labor and
goods Of others as before. He creates 20
per cent less demand for other workers
goods; that is, he can buy only so per cent
as many goods as when he worked and pro-
duced ten houra per day. This will leave 20
per cent of other mems goods unsold, aud
consequently employers must work their
men On short tune at short wages, or dis
charge quarter of them: There can be no
increase Of employment in nation by each
man reducing his power to purchase the
products of others by cutting down his hours
of production to eight or six; for if that
pleasant plan would work, the better way
would be to keep two or three holidays each
week But when this is tried the people are
miserab1y poor and the country is full Of
paupers and mendicants.
, 1879-07-27

: The damage done to the improved streets
each year by the narrow tires Of coal-carts,
stone, hay, brick, dirt, ice, pork, and grain
wagons and other heavy trucks, exceeds the
whole value Of those destructive vehiclea.
Just SO long as these wagons with their
enormous loads are allowed; to traverse the
etreets with their narrow tires it will be i'm
possible to keep the pavements in proper
condition, as the Darrow wheels viii
cut them to pieces. If the Council
would levy. heavy license on narrow
tires and q merely nominal tax on wide tires,
the change would speedily be made from
narrow to wide, and half the wear and tear
Of the pavements would be stopped. A
wooden pavement would then last twice as
long. and would not commence getting full
, 1879-07-27

That. although society has shut its dooz5 and
is away for the summer, they are content to
do without it, and are in no hurry to have
the doors of Vanity Fair reopen. When
they do, and the booth grows clamorous
with rout and reyel, opera and ball, Of course
they will all go, but at present there is not
that degree Of impatient expectancy which
need Induce them to hurry back. ANY
time before Lent will do. With the crowds
of strangers pouring into Chicago, attracted
from fer aud near by its widespread reputa~
ton as su1nmer-resort, they are not lone
some. g.
, 1879-07-27

Nmay not be pleasant to contemplate, but It
is, nevertheless, the stubborn fact that much
of the milk pedd]ed in Chicago is produced
by ds.illery- fed cows. Wait until you have
finished your morning coffee, saturated with
:'golden cream" the rich outcome of milk
developed from the steaming, unsavory feed
Of distiIeries, and drawn from ANIMALS Gov
cred with slimy nastiness, and then read the
description elsewhere Of one of these sheds
Gould the reader make personal visit to
these places, it is quite likely he would take
his tea aud coffee clear in the future, and
eschew bread and milk, and other dishes into
which the lacteaI fluid enters.
, 1879-07-27

It used to be the fashion, few years ago, to
ndtcufe JAT COOKE and his magnificent pron3
1ses in regard TO the Northern Pacific, but al
that has changed. The territory in question y
now known to include the richest Wneat-lanae
in the United States. These 1ands extend no1en
far into British territory. Mr: J. y: FoEsE1r
in bis paper, the Progress, dep1ores the tact thas
''thc mighty eupre:'' betwcc1t 49 degrees ana
81 10, having been once claimed bT the uniteo'
States, was afterward. surrendered tame1ys ~
Great Britain. Hc docs not enter at all into the
, 1879-07-27

. Last evening, as gravel-train was backing
into Waukegan, it run into heifer, and the
result was the train YVES thrown from the
track, four employees killed, one wounded so
seriously that his life was despaired OF, and
three severely wounded The catastrophe is
more serious than anything Of like nature
That has occurred in this neighborhood for
GONG years past.
, 1879-07-27

After mourning about a year for his lovely
bride, who passed away so suddenly just
after the nuptial ceremonies, the King Of
Spain is bethinking himself Of another wife
This time the alliance will be made with an
Austrian, and the Archduchess MARIE is the
lucky girl upon whom the regal honors are
to fall. In about month A1pHosso Will go
to Vienna for the purpose Of completing the
11epntfations
, 1879-07-27

ST will eiye 81, ,oo0," said business man o.
Louisville, the other day, "to see Mempns
burned to the ground.' The Cincinnati Gaz<t@
observes that this is s'not bad idea" But
there Is better and cheaper way out OF the
difficulty. II 'sthe prominent business man :.
and others like him would subscribe to put
Memphis in good sanitary condition and keepn
there, they would get their money back In traaa
in less than year. A city Of 10000 to 5oooo
Inhabitants could not be blotted out without
heavy suffering and great financial loss to tno
South.
, 1879-07-27

. Another shocking murder, this time from
the South, rounds out this morning the
record Of the week in particularly blood
chilling manner. The details present case
Of almost unparalleled atrocity.
, 1879-07-27
TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES.

TIE CHICAGO Tr1nrsz has established branch oflces
receipt Of subscriptions and advertisements a
follows:
NEW YoEK-Room - Tribune Building. F. T. Nc
FAnDkH, Manager.
PARIS, F11rce-No. le Rue de Ia Grange-Batelierc-
II. MAuLER, Agent
LONDON. EnE.-4nerican Exchange. &4s Strand.
HExKT F. GILI.ta. .sgent.
WARRINGTON D. C.-13l9 street.
, 1879-07-27

the Inhabitants left in the city; and he piyn
excellent reasons in support of his opinion
The disease showed three types. Says d..
FOE: "Some we're Immediately overwheInaa
with it, and it came to violent fevers, yomit.
ings, insufferable headaches, pains in tn.
{ back, and SO up to rawlings and ragiugs with
those pains; others with swellings and II.
mors in the neck, or groin, or arm-pit.
which, till they could be broke. put them into
insuHerable agonies and torment; while othss.
as have observed, were silently infected
the fever 'preying upon their spirits insensi.
bly,, and they seeing little of it till they fe11
into swooning and Paintings and death WITH
out pain" This latter class, in the Quaint
language of DEFoE, tthed been breathino
death on those they would have hazarde3
their lives to save, even perhaps in their
tender kissings and embracings of their ovr
childten." The theories advanced for detact,
ing the presence Of the disease are ver1,
curious: One was that it might be detected
by the infected person breathing upon ,
pieca Of glass, 'swhere, the breath condens-
ing, there might living creatures be seen. bv
microscope, of strange, monstrous, and
frightful shapes, such as dragons, snakes.
serpents, and devils horrible to behold" n
prevent infection, oil sorts Of perfumes and
aromatics were used. A church filed with
people was like smelling -bottle,-in one
corner it was all perfumes in another arc.
matics, balsamics, and a variety of drugs and
herbs; in another salts and spirits" There
was no lack Of charity. One estimate PLACES
the amount distributed amongst the
poor per week as high as hundred
thousand pounds. DEroE believes thatin tbs
single Parish of ,Cripplegate Eli, were
bestowed in one week. And it appears thas
this charity came from all parts Of England.
which shows that in succoring the afflicted
people Of the South last year the North
merely followed in the footsteps Of their
English cousins Of two centuries and more
ago.
The plague numbers its victims by mill
ions. In the year 430 Britain Was. nearly
depopulated by it; and in 1Go3 \ in England
it carried off 10000, and in 1925, $4,000 soula
In Constantinople in the year 716, 200,0oo
persons perished, and in Germany in 1s4s,
80, 600. In Milan in 1924, $4,000 persons
died; in the Kingdom Of Naples in 1856,
400, 600; aud in Egypt in 1892, soo,ooo.
It again ravaged Egypt in 1884, and Malta in
1873, and visited Ireland in l466-10.
Whence it. cometh and whittier it goeth no
man can tell. In 1865, in London, it was be-
lieved to have been brought from Holland;
but from the time of the first case, Dec. II,
1864, there was no other until the 9Th Of
February, 1cG5. Where lay the seeds Of in
fection during these seven weeks2
, 1879-07-27

CHICAGO CoMNASpERY. NO. 1e. K:T-snecla
oacaave Monday evening July r. st .9 e. qglos1 cte
conrIeously 1pT1tca- ~ order Of the i. c.
CHARLES B, WRIGHT, Recorder.
, 1879-07-27

LAFAYETTE CHAPTER. NO: r. A. M.-Hall, 1cc
asalsc.A--Stated Convocstton Monday eEen!ng.
july II 1t O'Clock for business and wgrk: Visitors
4. y, TUCKER, Secretary.
, 1879-07-27

PLElhDES LODGE, No. ~. A. r. T. 4. M.-Kegu-
lar Communication Thursday evening. july II. spe-
i3 and important business All members are REQUEST
ed 70 be present "A. u. GoDAAH' ~ a.
, 1879-07-27

The two important libraries OF Boston-the
Public and the Athenaum-have devised plan
to save subscribers the annoyance Of calling in
person TO draw or receive books. Under thei1
immediate. auspices Library Delivery Com
pany has been organized. This company IN.
dertakes for the trifing charge Of five cents, In
Guiding the cost OF postal-card by which
patron may give notice Of his desires, to draw
out and deliver books at the houses OF SUD:
scribers, and return such as may be ready to "a
back. The idea is good one II It can bs
made profitable to the company, it Ttll unaues:
tonably be adopted in all the large cities, The
chief obstacle in the way Of its adoption hers
would be that, owing to the penuriousness OF
the City Fathers, our Library is not in eoadt.
ton to be drawn On largely for the best class Of
books.
, 1879-07-27

sion of their real nims and purposes. it may
confer Il benefit upon the country By teach
ing the people what they ought to avoid.
, 1879-07-27

SUNDAY, JULY 81, 1879.
, 1879-07-27

cnRNTH1AN CHAPTER. so. 50, n. 4. H.
s.aied cenvocation Hsnay, svcRips i,y i1ny - 4 e..
ft!cx c9upauions arc co-d:.y invited. By order u.
III r. j. u. DlCkERSOE, Secretary.
, 1879-07-27

ence for exact facts into our benighted contem-
porarics arc still in vain. Thus the London
Truth says that sit Is true that the last Duka
Of York crossed swords with Col. LESNox." It
is not at all true. The Duke Of York weEt ont
with Col. LEsox.-not LESSox,-but did not
cross swords with him, partly because the
weapons chosen we're pistols, partly because
the Duke abstaiped from firing, though Col.
LESox's bullet grazed his hair. Mr. GEoRGH
". S,1ALLEY, in our New YORK namesaEe, saJs
Of SARA BERNHaRDT that t'As societairs {of the
Comedie Francaise) her income may be about
$4,000 year; while some Of her associates
whose names you never heard, and who even In
Paris occupy 4 second or third rate place in pub.
lie favor, are earning, By virtue OF seniority and
OF the peculiar rules OF the Society, considerably
more" 1nasmuch as Mr.. GEORGE Y.
SMAL1zK !: considers =. the subject one .,oi,
sufficient importance to warrant him IL
writing several long letters about It, he
might have taken the trouble to inquire into The
matter. The receipts of the Comedie for 1877
were q trifc over 1,530,c00 francs a soeetairs
receives annually s., 400. Some Of the socetaira
have an additional allowance called 'mtnfste"
rial" allowance, because it is granted by special
decree from d reserved portion Of the subven-
tional funds; the maximum Is $500 aysar.
Beyond this sociaaire receives proportional
part of the profits, where there are anY. IN
1877, the most brilliant year in the Comedies
history, 4 full share paid $1,000; but only half
of this goes to the shareholder. The other halt
is invested in what Is called the Social Fund
The interest belongs to the company, and forms
the pension fund; on retiring, or at death, the
principal goes to the actor or the actors helfH
- .$tnr1 two han
could not exceed $500; she had not more than
$2,o00 added to her account In the Social Fund,
which does not make up an income Of "ahont
$4,000 i year, On retiring at the end Of
twenty years she will be entitled TO pension OF
$1,000, with $40 extra for every years ser7ies
beyond the twenty. She will also receive ben
eft, which, If the Comedie foots all the bills,
will be worth about s6,0oo- Besides, why, 0
why, does the Tribune ring in on us as So good
story and seemingly q fresh one. Of DAN0l
O'CoHsEL1," to the following effect:
He was crossing from Dublin to Holybead on
Friday, and tine salmon-ttou Vas laid on fhe
table ut dinner. The great leader was very hnns!1
and AFTER looking = moment at the fish he lifted Is
entire to his own pIate, and then remarked:
Church. +" 1t happened that catte-driVer sat op~
poslre him. who had had the same dea.gn upon tho
fish, but from want o. had faeS to sa5
and had recovered from the surprise 1t gave him:
be leaned forward. knife and FORK II hand, and
cut the trout in two laying the ,asgess share On
YOU! Do you think no one has soul to be saved
but yon1selt."
That is very good story, and 90 our fathert
said when CHARLES LEVER told It in ''Jack
Hutton, the Guardsman," putting IT In thd
mouth Of the worthy priest, and ''locating" ton
hecaaal-
, 1879-07-27
49, ----
SOCIETY MEETINGS.

~oRtEHrAL cassIsroNY. s.: P: g.: So
o'clock. yhe Grad o., s;l.o.ine Prince Of he Koyal
secret .26 Will he c..a;cd. Princes will appear IN
~. eA :ioHy 6SElLl~ :s=. Commander in Chief.
GIL n. BARNARD. aio. Grand Secretary.
WASHINGTON CHAPTER, no. 4a. r. "A. NJ
Special convocadou Friday afterneon. aug. !. at
pclocE for work on tl. Il. A. Degree. Regular Cen
vocation at Tyr xork on the K A. usTfSc nnd IN
BS order OF the h. f.. II. F..
COVENANT LODGE. 40. 1o6 A. F. l. A. Reg
3laT Communication Friday evening. aug. At Cortn'
thiau Ha. East klnse at t3o ociock tos eusl-
requested 10 Be present. Visiting brethren are cordlal-
En".'eo- - o'ae8 ~ LIE VII KERR, Secretary.
ruapTEN n "a n 4. NJ
, 1879-07-27

LAND REVOLUTION IN GREAT BRITAIN.
We lad some remarKs recently to the
effect TINT the great surplus Of agricultural
productions in this country Yves contributing
largely to great political aud social reTolu-
ton in Great B-itain aud, even since we
wrote, that revolution hns made great prog
res5. Cheap focd has become essential to
British manufactures, and British manu-
factures furnish the substance Of British
trade and commerce and the source Of Brit
ish wealth. This necessity for cheap food
compels The free admission of American
breadstuffs aud meat, which are sold in
England at prices which render British
wheat growing and cattle-raising wholly
unremuuerative. Farming. therefore, can
not be carried on in that country. without
such reduction of rents as will deprive the
lnnd-owning class of their incomes, and this
destruction Of incomes will tend to destroy
the power and the very existence of the
aristocracy. Tie land is held by conpara-
lively few persons and the land system Of
England, which is protected by primogeni-
ture, entail, settlement, and the costly sys-
TEN Of transfer, has the effect not only of
perpetuatlng the land in a few hands, but
also, by intermarriages, Of consolidating that
land into still fewer hands. The annual rent
paid by tenant~farmers in the Kingdom in
1677-'78 was as follows:
:. 1886, 900, 900
Ireland ............ " @ 00o' @ oo0
, 1879-07-27

AEAk 6AGNuAL0A6A kA0 AAl4t VI AA4Lh ADEtIIb
who offered 'infal1ible preventive pills
against the plague, never-failing preserva~
tives against the infection, sovereign cor
dials against the corruption of the air, anti
pestilential pills, and the only true plague
water" Criminals confessed their crimes
publicly. ':People might be heard in the
streets as We passed along calling upon GoD
for mercy, through JESUS CHR1s1, and say
ing, I have been thief, have been IN
adulterer, have been murderer But
there were none to comfort or arrest them.
abundance Of quacks," says DEroE, with
rare humor, "dled who had the, folly to
trust to their own medicines" Infected
houses were closed by order Of the Con-
stables, and q watchman placed on guard to
prevent ingress or. egress, except on de-
mand of the inmates for the '"dead-cart.' ~
Whole families died thus, and the watchman
was relieved! Vast pits were dgged'in the
churchyards into which the dead.ca1ts dis
charged their pastering. freight as they
would dump loads of manure; ons in
the Parish of A1dgate received more
than Thousand bodies. A drunken piper,
found sleeping beside dead body, vas taken
for dead and thrown into the pit. from which
he scrambled, to the great amusement Of the
"buriers" ''Mothers murdered their own
children IN their lunacy; soma die ed Of mere
grief; some Of mere fright and surprise,
without any infection at ali; others were
frighted into idiotism and foolish distrac-
tions; some into despair and lunacy; others
into melancholy madness" ~ The peatience
reached it's climax in September. The rec
ord shows fifty thousand 7eatAs in nine
weeks. The bills Of mortality show about
seventy thousand deaths daring the yea,.
But DEror estimates the number: ct round
hundred thousand, or one ID every eight Of