Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1879-01-31

DR.. Henry Schilemann, who has con-
cluded to rest during the winter months
from his excavations at Iium, has Just placed
before the public some very interesting hc-
counts of the results obtained II VIII be
remembered that after the German excavator
had finished unearthing the tomb OF Aga
memnon at Mycene, he repaired to Troy IN
Asia Minor, on the site OF which he had pre-
viously conducted his archaeological eXcava-
tions during 1S7l-73. for the purpose OF find
ing the ruins of ancient Troy, or lhum, un-
der the hill of Hissarlik and 1t Is from this
place that he now writes. He claims TO nave
laid bare PergamUs and the Palace oil Prlam
His endeavors during the last few months
we're principally directed to the excavation
of the large mansion on the west and north
west of the gate, and to that OF the gate It.
self. which was barred only by a huge mass
of wood ashes. The large mansion he iden-
titled with that of ancient Troy chiei or
King, because he had found in his former
excavations in it, or close to it, large treas
ure and u great deal OF beautiful pottery
but now he maintains the identity with still
more powerful reasons than before, having
again discovered in it, or close to 1t, one large
aud three small treasures OF gold ornamSnts
OF the latter. the first was found and cut
out in the latter part OF October, III the pres
ence of a number of English navy officers,
in a chamber in the northeast part OF the
mansion, in a depth of 26 feet inches be-
low the surface OF the mount. 1t was con-
tanned in broken handmade vessel. which
lay in an oblique position, about three feet
above the floor, and must have fallen from an
upper story The Jewels consisted OF twenty
gold earrings, of which sixteen run out INTO
six serpents the other four earrings are
almost similar to the former, the sole differ
ence being that they consist of only one ser
pent Besides these were four gold neck
laces, perfectly similar to those found IN the
third tomb at Mycense, very large quantity
of gold beads, and bracelet of electron
with three windings. The little treasure
contained, moreover, eleven silver earrings
of the same form as the above gold ones, ex-
cept one which resembles pair OF tongs.
There are besides a number of silver ear
rings aud twenty fragments OF necklaces, con-
sisting OF innumerabie silver rings, strung on
pieces of a substance which the Doctor be-
iieves to be ivory.
To the west OF the gate visitors see the
longest wall of the town chief mansion. 1t
runs parallel with the great circuit wall Of the
city, and is 53t feet long and 45 feet high. 1t
consists Of smaller and larger stones joined
with clay Near the northwest extremity OF
the wall the Doctor has found, in layer OF
gray ashes. two more small treasures, both
contained in broken handmade terra-cotta
vases, of which the one lay In an obll4ue.
the other in q horizontal position, from
which circumstance the Doctor concluded
that both vessels had fallen III the catastro-
phe from an upper part of the house. The
or1fices of both vessels nearly touched each
other. The latter contained six round and
four oval beads of cornelian, fat plain gold
lappet, having ct each end three periorations
for the purpose of attaching IT with string ;
43 very large globular gold beads, and innu-
merable small gold beads OF various shapes,
a nall gold bar Il inches long. with ten
perforations, apparently tor suspendlng or
naments gold plate ornamented with zig
gag lines and crowns OF excellent intaglo
work but, either by the action OF the fire
or by the hand of man, this plate has been
four or more times folded together. There
were also large and smaller Jumps of gold,
one of which seems to have been fused in
tentionally in the shape of a ball. There
were, besides, a large nugget of gold, anoth-
Ell of silver. and number of gold earrings.
Close to the two vases with the jewels lay i'm
bedded in the ashes bronze battle-axe, %
inches long. OF the usual Trojan form, and
two Trojan swords. Only three feet from
this find he discovered further large treas
ure OF bronze weapons and gold jewels, the
former of which consisted oil two lances, a
knife and Two small weapons also battle
axe and number of bracelets, together with
various other ornaments.
The part of all these treasures which, IN
the division with the Turkish Government,
has fallen to Dr. Schliemanns share, will at
once be exhibited in the South Kensington
Museum, together with dagger of meteoric
steel, an instrument Of ivory, in form of 4
hog. probably used in weaving. The dagger
is the first iron the Doctor has ever found IN
any prehistoric city. 1t has not the slightest
rust or corrosion, and its preservation Is a
remarkable instance of the antiseptic power
| of the redwood ashes mixed with charcoal,
in which it was imbedded ill the royal man
sion. at a depth of 2S feet below the surface.
II is almost as white ss silver, and still very
sharp. though covered by the patina OF
| ages.
OF the usual Trojan idols Il vast number
was found, aud as all OF them have perfectly
the same shape, there can be no doubt that
these are exact copies of the primitive Palla-
! dium, which WAS tabled to have fallen from
| Heaven with q lance in one hand and in the
| other a dlstaff this latter shows Pallas
| Athene's character as Athene Ergane, or
tutelary deity of the working, and parucu-
| larly OF the weaving, women, and explains
| the presence of the many thousands oil
whorls with ncised religious symbols, which
have never been used and can be nothing
else than votive offerings made by the Iro-
| jan women to their patron goddess.
The Doctor finds more difficult to explain
than anything else the presence OF the I'M
mense number of small single or double
edged saws of silex, to 3 inches long, which
cannot possibly have ever been used for cut
ting wood or even bread, for, instead of fur
| thering the cutting, the indentatiou would
impede it they can neither have been used
| in the harIows, as, for the most part, they
are too thin and fragile for that purpose
| Very frequent are also knives OF sllex or oh
sidian, which latter may have been used a.
rszors. Razors were known to Homer. H'
also found u stick, perhaps scepter knob o
glass, with an ornament IN form OF ser
pent, and two periorations by which II wa
fixed in the wood. This is the first glass h'
ever found here.
What DR.. Schliemann has brought to ligh
of the Trojan houses in general and OF th'
last town-chiefs or kings mansion III partl
cular, are merely the substructions, OH al
average feet high, which in the absence o
cellars served US store-rooms. The sub
structions Of the royal house consist of un
cut stones joined with clay the inner sid
of the house-walls has q thick coating OF ella,
which has been white washed with clay. Ac
cording to Homer the palace contained tft
chambers for the King sons. and twelve 10
his daughter. and all were of polished stone
This building has toward the gate CORR
dor 40 feet $ inches long by 8 feet broad
leading to a chamber only feet ii lnche
long by feet inches broad, IN which til
ingenious DR. Moss discovered gutter {
hemispherical form this room is nearly Ill
ed up by Il huge Jar feet & inches high an
feet inches broad BY u door only foo
10 inches broad this chamber communicate
with another larger one, which il II feet
inches long and feet inches broad an
contains three immense Jars OF precisely III
same size us that Just referred to, and a som'
what smaller one the pottery OF the Jars
upward of two inches thich. From til
room We enter, by II door 5 ieet nch'
l broad. into larger one, which runs parall
with the aforesaid corridor, and Is "A feet
, inches long and IL fee, broad. and leads
another chamber 10 feet long and ) fe'
broad. This IL the best-preserved part
!, the mansion. to which belong also the bull
ings which separate 1t from the northern pa
of the great wall
: QUEER WINTER STATIsnCs-EuroE
+, is evidently in, as our ''philosopes al
1 lerkesn have iornwarned us, for one
= her cold winters in this year 1879 that
4 coming in with Christmas to fall {
3 Thursday. Ia the Voges there seems
II be precise repetition oi the scenes
vividly depicted by Erckmann-Chatri;
n in DE Conscrilt', as marking the terrib
4 season in which the fragments OF Il
grand army struggled homeward fro
}. Moscow, and England has not know
- such II snowfall for generation as h
! just decended upon her. This fact h
Il an especial interest IN view of some que
/, statistics adduced not long ago 10y
r ,,r;t., in lo fzor,lnarFa 4 flrIuisla Nvl