The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1879-01-25
AROUND THE WORLD.
General Grants Visit to
Portugal.
CONTRASTS BETWEEN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL.
Prospects Of Federal Republic Moral As
poets Of the Two Countries.
CONTRASTS IN ADJUSTMENTS.
The Bull Fight in Spain-Al-
ways a Tragedy.
THE BULL FIGHT IN PORTUGAL
CONTRASTS IN ADJUSTMENTS.
THE BULL FIGHT IN PORTUGAL

LISBON, Nov. 10, 1878.
The contrasts between the Portuguese and Spanish
character more marked than would be supposed.
And yet it is difficult to select type Of the Spanish
character described in the romances. There is no
such thing as SPAIN The differences between the
provinces of SPAIN in language character, tradition
origin. greater than between the Spaniard and
the Englshman. Spain is composed of various
provinces-Biscay, Galicia, Navarro the Asturias
Leon. CASTLE, Aragon, Catalonia Valencia, Murcia
La Mancha. Estramadura and Andausia The Basque
type totally distinct from every other in Spain
distinct in every sense. The difference between the
blue eyed, Industrious Catalan, and the dark eyed
luxurious. sun-cravng Andalussn is almost great
The effect of central government and one language
has been to break down most of the barriers and
bring the people together under the generic name OF
Spanish But although for centuries this process has
been at work, the differences great. The Basque
does not assimilate and very ordinary knowledge OF
Spanish types and character would enable you to
designate body like the Cortes, for instance, the
province from which most of the members spring.
A PENINsULAR FEDERATION.
It this difference which during the time
Of the Republic led some Spanish republicans to
propose a federation like the United States. This
was the plan Of General Sickles then American
Minister and welding commanding influence in the
Spain would only be strong by reviving the old pro-
vncial distinctions and awakening local feeling
responding to what the Pennsyvsnian feels for Penn
sylvania and the New Highlander for New England
he proposed that these provinces should be organized
as States, that Cuba should be divided into two or
three States and Porto Rico regarded one. Each
State should have Governor and local Assembly and
elect Senator'S to q central Senate, at home.
public based on these conditions, recognizing in the
widest sense provincial feelings and distinctions
subordinate to central authority, which would
direct the army, the treasury and foreign relations
would 1t was thought, make Spain stronger
than ever, revive all the old national feeling
and open the way to union with Portu-
gal-a union necessary to the development Of the
peninsula. For time the republicans accepted the
idea But the cry Of dsintegraon arose. and it was
abandoned in panic. There were demagogues who
clamored against it as attempt to destroy SPAIN
aud their clamor was fatal
FREEDOM IN PORTUGAL
There Is every hope that the Federal Republic will
revive. Even the demagogues will that the idea
of weakening the body because you strengthen the
limbs, of disintegrating State by revving its
provinces and giving each section strong govern
ment. is absurd As to the differences of character
between the Spanish and Portuguese, they are not
nearly so great between Biscay and An1alusia At
attribute partly to the government and arly to the
communication with the outside world through her
seaports. No influence is decisive and salutary.
Spain far the outer world is concerned is hid
den by stone wall. She has the Mediterranean but
the breezes that come from the Mediterranean are
enervating compared with what come from the At.
lantic. Cervantes speaks OF the Portuguese as u
thick wtted. dull people. and in the comedies you
md frequent jokes at their expense, al in
edies you find jokes about the Yankee and the Cana
dian. But it seemed to coming to Portugal from
Spain that freer air blowing. The manners of
the people were gentler. That reserve which never
leaves the STANDARDIZATION conscious, published
pride--had vanished. There more freedom.
found this in the newspapers. to which naturally
turns in country for evidences of freedom.
In Spain there are newspapers All that
world Of journalism and pamphetcering which
aourished in the time of Amadeus and the
Republic has gone out. The sheets small and
dull. the type century DID, Perhaps the editors do
not care to buy type when any morning civil guard
may come in with an order Of suppression from
Canovas. As for news. question if Spanish editor
would know an item of news. There sdver-
tisements. You read few announcements Of medi-
cines OF ships to sail. with long displayed notices
Informing you that such day is the anniversary of
q deceased friend, and asking you to 20 to church
and attend mass for the rcpose of the soul. But all
that world Of enterprise, ambition and audacity
which streams through the advertising columns of
journal like the London Times the NEW YORK
HERALD and which mirrors to the reader the char
acter OF the people more completely than any other
influence known to our civlzation-all this is dead
In Spain. 1t has never been summoned to lfc
THE PRESS PORTUGAL.
There is higher standard in Portugal The press
has complete freedom. and the editors have pride in
their work. Take the visit of General Grant to the Pc
ninsua as an example. Few events in Spain have ap
parenty attracted more attention than the coming Of
the ex-president. Yet the Spanish Journals seemed
not to have heard Of his presence or they dismissed
his movements in a paragraph announcing his ar
rival In town general thing about the time he was
leaving In Portugal the journals snufYed his COM
ing. and published wood engravings and biographies.
The wood engravings might have done for many
other persons. but the biographies a. accurate
~ such accounts generally Here in Lisbon we
came upon that benefcent influence of modern Jour
nalism. the reporter. don't think Spanish ncws-
paper ever heard of a reporter As soon a. the Gen.
era arrived in Lisbon the reporters appeared and took
possession OF the approaches to the hotel and
opened relations with the servants, and every
morning we had columns OF choice information in the
good old-fashoned homcy style. Our reporter
not quite up to tho New York STYLE which heaven
forbid, ana did not interview the General 10
what he thought of the world. We cannot expect
everything in strange land. But he did well. and
told Lisbon how the General looked. and when he
walked. and what he had for breakfast. and how he
liked his eggs cooked. and the hour of his rising and
rctirng-a in the old-fashioned style. In Madrid If
newspaper neglected to say in any ISSUE God save
the King and guard His Majesty many years" IL would
be constructive disioysty and would incur suppress
sion. In Lisbon there Arc iourn.l. NJ tho M,.ro.a
faith who will not speak Of the king escept a. pri-
vate prince, and who write of Don Miguel AZ though
he was on the throne. Such an idea an suppressinq
these journals to tho authorities They
do M they please and do no harm
MORALS IN PENINSULA
In morals one perceives q higher standard In
Portugal than in Spain. lido not think that the portu
gucse as historical character any better than the
Spaniard as Spain does not show any crime "a cruel