The New York herald., 1879-10-30
Another Day Devoted to
Expert Testimony.
IDENTIFICATION OF ARSENIC.
Effect OF the Poison Before
and After Death.
IMPORTANT WITNESS DYING.
[Dy TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. !

New HAVEN. Conn.,, Oct. 20. 1879.
The Hayden trial has resched its ninth day, and
thus far the prosecution has consumed tho time
mainly with putting in expert testimony tending TO
the Identification of the several lots of arsenic nota
BILE in the Professor Dana's wearisome tosti-
mony finished to-day, and the State called as
another expert the identification OF arsenical
atoms by tho microscope Professor Brewer. Tor
many years professor in Yale. The Professor is a
robust gentleman Of fifty, who speaks in quick.
positive tones and is of the best witnesses the
State has called. His testimony valuable in his
positive abatement that the arsenic found in Hay
den's barn bore no resemblance TO other arsenic
from the store where Hayden claimed to have made
tho purchase. His explanation Of the method of in
vcstigaton. and his success In separating certain
microscopic slides from dozens and grouping them,
was listened with close interest by the jury. who.
II anything could be judged by their expression.
attached to his statements more Importance than
has been given to those of any other expert the State
has produced.
Two other witnesses were called during the day
on the question OF the effects Of arsenic ON the
stomach. 1t has been ntimated by the defence that
arsenic may have been inserted into the stomach of
the murdered girl after death. but these witnesses
testified that her stomach bore all tho traces of
senc received during life, and not those of stomachs
In which they, in experimenting, had placed arsenic.
Professor Dana, his redirect examination said
that in the first four weeks Of his mcroscopical in
vestigations. beginning January last he reached
conclusions that the Mckee 'Colgrove" and
''stomach" arsenics were identical. aud that there
marked differences between the arsenic found
In barn and arsenic sold at the store where
Hayden claimed to have purchased it. Early in
February Professor Dana began making the series
Of diagrams representing the revelations OF his
microscope. it being understood that the trial
to take place last spring.
SCIENTIFIC CONFIDENCE.
To Mr. Watrous (for the defence) the Professor
Said:-I have had no occasion to change any of the
conclusions then reached; occupied parts of
great many days in my Investigations but in the
interest of science rather than for profit; although
made trip to Europe when pursuing these in
vestgstions shall charge the State nothing for my
time. but only for my travelling and other expenses
while on actual work connected with the investiga-
tion; gave samples OF the several notable
IN this to Professor Brewer of Yale telling him
- eome instances what they were. but with no
9b3opt of influencing or aiding his Investigations.
&f12H ARSENIC IN HUMAN BODY.
x3xE William Hotchkss, instructor of anatomy in
49,. was recalled by the State. The object Of his
exnmination at this point to show that the effect
Of placing arsenic in the human stomach after
death very different in its action and the result.
ant appearance of the stomach than when taken by
the subject during life. He recounted his experience
In placing arsenic In the stomach Of a subject re-
eently deceased, where it allowed to remain
from tho 20th Of September last to the 25h inst. He
lhen described it's appearance and pointed out the
difference between that and the Stahnard stomach.
In this testimony he was by Professor
William 7. Sedgwick, an instructor in physiological
chemistry in the Sheffield Scientific School in S77-S.
MORE EcRoscopIcAL TRANSACTIONS
The State now called one of its most important
expert witnesses-Professor William Henry Brewer,
Professor agriculture IN Yale College for
teen He testified that he had studied chemistry
IN this country. and in Europe Paris Munich and
Heidelberg. aud had been familiar with the use of
great value in botanical and other studes and had
summer classes which he instructed in the of
the instruments From 1861 to 1865 he was EN-:
organisms in the rocks of California and since then
used the microscope in an important tria-the Col
The Professor then described his reception Of four
teen samples of arsenic from Professor Dana, and.
after detailing his methods of examination, con-
tinued:-
'.Having discovered all the distinctions possible,
went to Professor Dana and told him that while
had separated some, could not separate the slides
of all Of his samples. There for the first time, he
told me the names of some of the samples and gave
me the other names three days later. The names he
gave me for all the samples showed fourteen sam
pies. including two duplicates. found the first
and Mckee arsenics. both from Middletown and
u sample OF the Garland brand arsenic. The Sec
ond group included the 'Drayton' brand, both
pies OF barn arsenic and sample from Talcott
Brothers. wholesale druggists in Hartford, Conn.
subsequently counted eleven other slides. shufiied
other examination"
well well, d,d you get the same results as beforo?'
"Did the Cogrove specimen examined by you
sompare with Professor Danas diagram of slide of
ut very fair showing in the relative size Of
the crystals and irregular chunks and general ap
''How about the barn arsenic diagramg"
II may say the same about that, also."
"And the barn arsenic?"
elm some respects 1t unlike all the others, Of
eourse-in the etchings on the crystals and the yell
stains due TO the action of the stomach
cal dust. and the crystals dull. Otherwise as
regards size. frequency of crystals aud relative
gcstive OF the Mckee arsenic" iThc latter came
from . store from which was purchased by whole
Hayden purchased ON the morning Of tho tragedy
subsequently l mounted nineteen more slides
and met with similar results by the methods.
and still later bought small lots of arsenic at
various Now Haven drug stores Professor johnson
also handed me a package of Tyler arsenic. This
WAS from the store where Hayden purchased.1 At
the drug stores the samples were taken from the
top and bottom of the bottles. and there were no
marked differences between the lots-the arsenic
was uniform" rrhe defence had claimed that the
difference between tho Hayden barn" arsenic and
othor arsenic bought at the store where Hayden
claimed to have purchased was because taken from
different parts OF the jar.l
"Sfy microscope is one Of Beck Brothers. of Lon
1on, known technically rs n 'frst class students
stand In this examination l tried various
diameters from 40 up s0O but found that 135 gave
the best results. This magnihed onetwenticth of
m inch mp to seven inches.''
Arrangements were then made with the Professor
70 bring his microscope into court 81 that the Jury
might observe the differences In the samples
OF arsenic for themselves.
CRoss-ExAMINATIoN.
Inc cross-examination was very searching and
similar to that OF Professor Dana The witness was
questioned again and again to the particular dis
terencos by which he was enabled to separate the
Slides the size of tho crystals and irregular Jumps.
their relative frequency, their general appearance
anu the care exercised In mounting tho arscnical
specimens with Canada balsam. Tho best point
gained by the defence wns that Professor Bremen
had never made nor read of any microscopical ex-
Aminations OF arsenic until he experimental IN this
case. The defence also gained whatever further all
vantage may result from possible bewildcring tho
Jury with the multiplicity of details of the Profess
Bor's work.
REDIRECT ExAMISArfoN.
Mr.. Waller, for the state. took the Witness and in
quired, after shufhing tho slidcs:--"Did you over
mistake the barn for any of the other arscnicsg'
mo, SIR"
ssIf all tho alidcs Were rven ro,, f,i.,. h... a.,