New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-19
SCIENCE FOR THE PEOPLE

SC1ENCE FOk IltE IEOI LIZ
EDISoN's ELECTRIC LIGHT.-Mr. Edlson's
third English patent on the subject of electric light has
Gled and The Enyish Mechanic thus describes
Its principal features "Ths patent IL for improve
nens IN means for developing magnetism and electric
currents aud apparatus for ILLUMINATING Dy eleo'o-
uy Thus far IL is the most important patent relative
90 Mr. Edson researches on the subject OF the eeec
light that has yet appeared One part of the spechca
lion relates 70 nm electric lamp burner MADE OF pau
bum, platnum-ridum alloy, or other metal whioH
fuses at a high temperature. This wire or strip is
coated with an oxide OF metal, such as cerium zr-
cOnum, calcium magnesium or other metal or mateIIa'
which will not be injured by high degree OF neat lhe
Effect OF this coating Is called 'pyroinsulaton Inc
wire or strip may be pyronsuIated by dissovlng the
oxide acid coating the wire or strip with the sou
ton and then passing wire strip through heat
from fame or otherwise, 10 decompose the soiuuon
end the deposit OF the oxide upon the WIRE OF
strip II the burner is made Of wire the latter aiter
being pyroinsulatcd is wound upon spool or cylinder
Of lime, or other infusibe material, and when the
burner placed in electric circuit ana the circuit
closed the electricity passes through the entire length
OF the wire Of the burner and brings toiucandescenee
The metallic oxide forms pyro-insulatiug cOanhs
which protects the metal OF the wire so as 10 rehder
more difficult to fuse, at the same time preventing tue
electric current from passing from one coil TO tine next
thereby compelling current TO travel the entlre
length of the wire II the burner made from strip
of metal the should be thicker at one edGe than
The other, that may be rolled TO uniform thick
ness time tha IT is cOied into spiral Inc
"trip Of metal be thin to obtain consider
able length in short spiral The spiral or helix thus
made aforesaid and then compressed
into compact cylindrical form Sometimes the pyron-
suating material is placed layer between the COILS OF
te spiral helix The thermal regulators set 1Orth ID
'Edisons British patent OF october 23 1873 may DC
for regulating the current TO burners made OF WIRE
or strip Of metal coated with pyrO-insulang material
for the purposes aforesaid. This pyrolnsu4ang coating
allows of very fine wire being used for the burner
Hence several LAYERS OF the wire be wound upon
the spool OF infuslble material, and the burner
will have n resistance Of several hundred Ohms'
which permits OF several hundred burners
or lamps being connected quantatvov in multiple arc,
Mllnou' IA &c ,ISi oS Of abqiv divided
lrGium OF metal not easily fused mixed win an
oxide of ttauiuu, Iron or other metal when ac0S as
conductor when highly heated This ls TO be moulded
the desired form, and by properly poporiiohlhg
the mixture, the current 10 The burner fSatedy he
e Oh m SG be baat Another esufe OF the inyen
relates the arrangement OF the main conducting
wires so as 10 obtain complete metallic circuit and at
tie same time tai yantage of cOnductivy OF the
earth. that the OF metal in one Of tue conluc
ors may be reduced The earth ana lneS4'i9 cohm9eto
az the same time as protection Tor the insulated
conductors. Another part OF the invention fe4ales TO
means storing the electric current or energy so That
the same may used required Thu II effected by
IT, Use Ofsecondsry batteries, aud there are devices De
tttJed fCr shutng 'he current lOh o5 uaV
terry another periodically TINT one may be III use
TURNING SAHARA INTO A LARE.-It seems
that the OF the Desert Of sahara into an In
land after al be much OF blessing 10
the Continent OF Africa claimed when the pro-
ject was first preached At a recent meeting OF the
French Geographical Society Of Paris DR.. COsson,
member OF the Institute cOmbatted the scheme with
numerous arguments He did not believe tho climate
OF the interior Of Aice would be changed by the arf
cial It's shores would be as arid as those OF the
Mediterranean in Tnpoli; but IL the climate should
change, the dale crop which Is tho principal support OF
natives wOld be ruined The routes OF the caravans
from Tunis and Agers TO the interior would also be de-
sroyed and the whole inland trade deranged Dr. Ccsson
would produce perturbations in the suberranean
rents which feed The artesaD wells In the Gases, and
hundreds OF thousands Oh palm trees His views as the
TO climatic influence OF saharan Sea were opposed by
New ELECTRO misunderstanding to cor
respondent OF La Lutere ElectriQue MMarcel Deprez
has solved the problem Of electromagnetic motor
capable Of doing useful work in many Industrial appoa
tons. Deprezs apparatus is barely inches long by
less than inches in breadth 1t weighs about 6l2
pounds, and supply power Of nearly footpounds
per second with Eve Bunsen elements. This is con-
sdered extraordinary result, and which could
scarcely have been anticipated few years Under
these conditions sewing machines may be worked by
electricity without any cumbrOus apparatus. This IN
genous system consists Of horseshoe magnet or eight
plates 5S inches in length between the poles OF which
e. introduced a Semens armature, acted upon by the
magnet over length of o. inches The electrO-mag
nec armaure instead Of being placed raDsyeTsey TO
the magnet arranged lOngituinally and parallel 10
st. Under these conditions the magnetic poweris found
90 be considerably augmented. The Sencns aImature
IS ,yell known 1t is KIND OF galvanOmeter frame OF
which two sides constitute the two poles Of straight
eectromagnet with core, broader than It long,
upon which the wire wound The axis OF this electro
magnet Il parallel to the coils Of wire the magneuzDg
helix and, Consequently TO the arms Of the magnet At
one end carries reversing cOmmutator, and at the
other end II is provided with pniOn which gears into
wheel Of which the diameter Il thirty times greater
Tneu the apparatus is properly regulated, the armature
ninety revolutions per second, aDd consequently,
the wheel which il upon makes three revolutions.
II upOn the OF this wheel that fixed the pull
leys transmitting the movement and by winch the ell
gine caused work either sewing machine or any
other apparatus that is TO be set III movement.
Do MONKEYS SWIM "A correspondent of
Land and HdtsT, in reply TO the question whether
monkeys SWIM saysi " always under the impress
sion that they did like wettng their fur or hair, but
at saugur Central INDIA. when was stationed there,
had little monkey that exceedingly fond OF swim
ming and diving Oae day, taking him TO the pond
OF the bottom OF my compound he jumped OF nv shoul
der and Owed like mani into The water which was
three -four feet deep he bad his chain at the time
ard when Owed In chain caught In grass
root the bottom and kept the monkey down he was
Just able to the top of the water Feeling his
chain had caught. he dved down. undd the chain, and
continued the SWIM with the Chain In DIS mana. lie
swan just Ike far as could soc L0n the no
tOn of his Several of my brother officers came 10
zee lin swimming Of which he was very iona, sWiM-
iTOgs that lay floating me top OF the water"
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