davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1879-08-24
TRAVELLERS GUIDE.

Apply TO BOGERT MORGAN. Agents.
ttE Pier Nj North kivsr.
TRAVELLERS GUIDE.
< LBAxY AND TROY BY DAY BOATS C. vlBBARD
A.as PsEw Leave vs'y St P,ss ~ Ss;sA Ei,sS
NkX BOAT as ~ landing =. xy.ss issr wsss 9o,a
corTS. Nsrea,s s.n rs.ss- % Sy down sesr
Saessso checked SoKTH wi:sT rieisss os coupon:
sPIcfAL TRAIN to @ ssa from sxRafoSx ''' '''
An UNLIMITED VARIETY OF TOURS AND ExcUR-
y Ms.. LIVE ~ 1T
Sn .Sa ~ sy "nys and %
S:5I0fas 70, % rSas s S % e wa SsE,
Montreal ouSSs' and 1hs; n.s'd fs,srss .z
n Point, Cornwall Newburg Rondout. kipgs.sa. Cos
seDs Milton, New Hamburg HYDE Park and Cod spsi.s
r NJ Connects with BROOKLYN annex boss~ Connects -
ro.a s % on River
A COOKS SUMNER TOURS
Alto Ni...rs Fails y .hs rhoa,snd Is,snd. non,rssl
Cnampiain Lake George, Mount Desert. 81 yoha, Halt
i1s kxTks EsHsS Full nap.rs in o0Sk
s,, b. mail ie & ssr.s Address rhos COOK soS asi
"A .M.sninesn, steamers OLD yoIoNY and NEWPORT
arrive Ne~psrt 80 A. X: arrive B..,aa 20 n
Arrive S Ss. oa
ANEW BRUNSWICK BOAT LANDING At sAyRB-
Asviie. South Amssy. Perth Auisoy fotssn.uls Need
W
from foot Canal every week day st r. ~ FA~ lower
than other route.
A TROY BOATs-CITIzENs' LINE STEAMERS
A.SAkArOGA and CITY Oy TROY leave pier ~
No. Al North River foot OF Leroy ST. daily sstur
day, at % r. ~ Excursion tickets Sarutosn 81
LBANY BOArs-PEoPLEs LINE-sTEANERs
hDREw and 81 JOHN leave pter ~ North River. foot
OF Canal St, every week day. ate w.
LANsINGs TICKET OFFICE 17 BRoADwAY-
IA Saratoga and Boston tall other points
reduced rates. Staterooms secured SIX days ahead.
A LBANY AND TROY SUNDAY BOAr--sTEAMER
ASARAr0GA from pier ~ North River. loot Of Leroy
st., at I. NJ Sure connection with morning train
BOSTON AND ALL POINTS kAsr-MAMNOTII
Now York daily, sundays Included. from pisr North
River, foot VI Murray at 30 r. NJ Leave nrook n
via Annex. =. NJ. Jersey city, 40 y. n Music By
splendid bands and otchcstrss
DOAT FOR CATSKILL. SrUYvEsANT AND INTER
Dmsaiats landings. will leave pier No. - srvisou
North River daily Csundays excepted. at6f.M
LsoR RoNDOUT AND MISUNDERSTANDING AT
I'cossens West Poinp Cornwall Ns~bary Marlboro
Delswsre aud Waikiki valley rslrssds st.aasboAts
JAMES w. BALDWIN and THOMAS CORNELL leave
daily at r. NJ. pier ~ North River foot of Isrrisoa
Excepting Saturdays, when ths steamer THOMAS COR
NELL will leave ~ o'clock r. M connectng with
ing train ON the lister and Dols~s are Railroad.
LNOR NORwALK AND DANBURY DAlLY.-sTEAMRG
ADELPHI lesvos Je~clis Dock. brooklyn. ~ y. n.
pie- No. 81 East River. 45 +. NJ aud isss
3 Y. M, connecting with Danbury and New Hsvss
roads REDUCED FARE. Is CESTs.
EXCURSION TICKETS so CENTs
The New York herald., 1879-08-24

IEANrED-By GENTLEMAN OF ~. rHE CONAN.
w ionshp of Young isdy ~ edaesios aud rrnnsmsrts
one with ensagh knowledge and~t 10 the ceehtn.s
lees onoly will Ind trse friend by addressing MAJ
WELL. boa 100 Herald Uptown onco
The New York herald., 1879-08-24

GENTLEMAN. or 81 GERMAN lowsEE og /,
Ahrst eass manufacturing business, de-lsss thr a..
quAintHncs IL fehnod s.tosn sp.akia. lad,
with mstrimouaiiy inclined Addt...
q. b., box IJ7 Herald Uptown onhcs
The New York herald., 1879-08-24

COASISs ASh 81 IhAMSfAAHsS.
J)ACfFIC NAIL STEAMSHIP. COMPANY
i . Pier foot Of Canal St. North River.
For San Francisco, via Isthmus OF Panama.
Steamship ACAPULCO. Sstu rday August
Connecting for Central and South Mexico
From San Francisco to Japan aud China.
Steamship CITY OF TOXIC. Saturday Ocobor T. noon
From San Francsco TO tlonoiniu New Zealand Aus
traiia, steamship AUSTkALiA. Monday. Septeunbsr l.
Eor freight and general information .ppy eonpanys
o1iee. Oh the pier foot OF Canal st., North River.
Passengers forwarded to San Francisco. Sandwich
Islands. Japan China, New Zealand. Australia. South
America, Central Americn and Mexican ports.
For tickets for information regard upply
to the Passenger Department. No. 257 liroad~ay
q. T. sEwALl. ii. }. BULLAY,
General Passenger Agent Superintendent
TINTED STATES AND BRAZIL NAIL STEAM
~ SHIP LINE
Tor 81. Thomas. Para. Pofnambuco. Bahia and Rio dc
ncro. connecting at 81 Thomas with
Rico. Jamaica aud tho Spanish Nam.
The new hrst class iron steamship
CITY OF PARA
Captain Carpenter,
VIII sail or the above ports Friday september "A
NJ No freight rsceivcd for this steamer after tho s
bp. but only on permits from New ork office
policy lowest Through tickets issued to
w points reached by the Royal Steam Packet Companys
lnicrcoonsi stesmcfs. aud 10 MoDtcvideo Buenos
Ayfss.
Freight must be paid In advance For freight engage
cnts or passage. having elegant appIy
10 4. IL MALLORY n CO.. Agents.
Once pier ~ East River. near FULTON ferry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17

HOW VENICE Is SUPPLIED WITH FRESH Wa.
TER.-EnterlDg little square shut In by high
houses, and. like most Venetian squares de-
nominated by the unfinished facade OF a time
stained church, noticed a singular activity
among the people. They were Scurryino IN
from every alley, and Fastening from every
house door, with odd-shaped copper buckets on
hocE-ended wooden bows. and with little cofls
OF rope. Old men and women, boys and g1rls
all gathered closely about a covered well curb
10 the middle OF the square: and still they hur.
REQ on, until they stood dozen deep around
IL. Presently the church tower slowly struck
eight, and little old man forced his way
through the crowd. passed his ponderous iron
Key through the lid, and unlocked the we'll
The Kettles went jangling into IL and came
stopping out again at an amazing rate and the
people trudged of home each with a pair OF
deep cisternS which are filled during the night
ana IL is out OF amiabie consideration for those
VINO love their morning nap that they are
given as good chance as their neighbors OF
getting an uDsoiled supply. It is the first fu-
stance tnat has come TO my notice OF a CON-
mendaDe municipal restraint upon the repre-.
heIslble practice OF early rising. Few, very
few OF those who came for water had had time
for their toilets. Their day evidently begins
with this excursion TO the public reservoir,
Later In my walk / saw cistern being replen-
fshed. barge filled with fresh water lay fn a
canal near by, and a steam-pump forced the
supply through hose 70 the square, where q
gutter carried IL TO the well. The water is OF
excellent quality. II is brought through con-
Quits from the Euganean hills, near Padua
but Its distribution through the city Is carried
on In the original manner Indicated For
CITY wnere the salt sea is the scavenger, where
aplutlonS are not de1igueur, and where water
is not beverage the cost OF laying distribut-
Ing mains has wisely been spared9[CoE GEORGE
T.. WdTfng, Jr., IA Hdrper's Magazine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
THOMAS BOWLING. Auctioneer.

oogRT E, SALE OF 9pI aANRs On %So5UNBIA
LANDS NEAR "REFORM SCHOOL" About
ONE AND ONEQUARTRR MILES FROM
WASHINGTON, d. c.
By virtue of decree Of the Supreme Court -
Of Healy ct al v. David ct al. No. 4,709 Equity y
Doc 10. We will sell at public auction in front Of the
premises, on MONDAY, the 29th day OF September.
A. ID. 1879, BEGINNING at O'Clock pm, and continu.
ing until sufficient is realized from the sales to sat
the county Of Washington, District Of Ooiumbia,
and known as Let's two CD. five o. and seven Cd OF
z tract called Monastery" lying on Columbia
Tu npike; Lot two containing z acres rood; Lot
five containing acres roods IS perches; and Lot
seven containing acres rood II perches
Also, lots twenty (20). twenty one (2. twenty two
(22). twenty three (23 twentyfour (24), twenty
(25) and twentytix (26) in recorded subdivision
OF lots TO- IL and II of tract called Greenvals" in
said county and District. near the lands OF the Re-
more or LEES lot twenty one, containing 0943 acres
more less lot twenty two containing $50 acres
more or lees; lot twenty three, containing IL. S37
acres, more or LEES lot twenty four, containing
l3101 scree, more or less lot twenty contain.
ing 1855 acres, more or less, with the cottage
thereon and lot twenty six, containing 1885, more
or less The lots will tie sold separately, Offering
rare opportunity for parties wishing to purchase
eligible villa sites and small truck farms near the
city limits.
Terms Of sale: One-fourth cash balance in three
equal installments at six. twelve and eighteen
months with interest from day Of sale, secured by
deed OF trust on the land sold all cash at option
of purchaser: 800 deposit viii be required of pur.
chaser OF each lot at time Of sale.
ANDREW B. DUVALL,
JOHN F. HANNA, Trustees.
Webster Law Building
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
~ 9th and ID streets northwest
TRUSTEF'S SALE OF VALUABLE PROPERTY
On F. BETMEEN SIXTH AND SEVENTH

ON F. BETWEEN SIXTH AND SEVENTH
STREETS NORTHWEST.
ny virtue OF 2 deed OF tru.t to me. re- -
corGed IN Liber No. S26: folio 100, OF seq of Ss~
the land records Of the District Of Columb'a 20.
will sell, at public auction In front of tie premi.
ses, on TUESDAY. the 3Oth cay of Septemser. A. D..
real estate, in the city Of Washington, D. c., viz
All those certain pieces or parcels of land and
premises known and distinguished as and
beiER those parts of lots numbered seven
teen and eightte III and 49, In square
numbered four hundred and fifty six (456) as
the same are designated and described on the pats
and plan Of said city, contained within the oiow-
ing metes and bounds BEGINNING for the sam at
point in the north line Of said lot eishtesn. dis
thereof and running thence south one hunired
and fifty nine $50 feet one and one half inches
az in to the public alley thence west twenty lou
cd fest four and one half - inches thence orth
one hundred and Nifty nine tl59) feet and one aud
one-balf 40 inches to the north line OF said lot
EeveLteeD and thence east twenty four (24) feet
four and one hAf 40 inches to the place Of be. in
desirable four story Brick Dwelling, with bach
building, and stable on rear Of lot.
Terms OF sale Onefourthtn cash and the balance
at one. two, three and four years for which the
notes OF the purchaser bearing int srest from the
day OF sale will be takeD secured upon the property
sold, with policy Of insurance for $40 600 for the
benefit OF the trust. Ali taxes due payable out OF
purchase money. deposit of Three Hundred
Dollars will be required of the purchaser at tue time
OF sale. II terms OF sale are not compli I'd with
Within one week, the property will be resold upon
i've days advertisement at the risk and cost of the
sep17d VIM. F. MATTINGLY, Trustee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
AUCTION SALES.
nUNCANsON BROS, AuctioneerA
TRUSTEES BALE OF IMPROVED REAL rs
TATE ON STREET, NEAR FOURrAND-A-
HAZE STREET NORTHWEgT


By virtue Of . deed of trust. executed to me, II
the undersigned. bearing date on the I'd day nsJ
Of April. A. d. 1873, and recorded in Liber&A.A
No. 49, folio 81, one of the land records for Wash
fDRton county, in the District Of Columbia to &C.
cure certain debt therein named. SHALL by re-
quest in writing from the party secured, offer for
sale at public auction. in front of the premises, on
WEDNESDAY, the 18th day OF September, A. d.
1879, at O'Clock p. M, the following named and
described real estate the same being and lying in
the said city OF Washington and District OF Column
pa that ls Lot No. in subdivision of original lots
NOS and 2 in square 400 and also part Of lot No 25
IN said square which sad lot and part lot s further
described and bounded as follows, viz: BEGINNING
Ior me same on street northwest, at the distance
OF ~ feet inches west Of the southeast Of
sald square and running on the line of street ~
Leet ana 10 inches thence north at right angles to
Cs5eet l29 feet and q inches, more or less) in
an alley on the north of said lot. which alley
Is 10 remain open: thence east ~ feet and Is
ches; thence south TO the place of beginning the
same Or improved with fine three-story Brick
house with basement. and having q stable and car
rage house in the rear
Terms OF sale: The amount of Indebtedness &C.
cured, which is 5000, with the Ir,.4res. accrued
the cor, With the expense OF sale, casn aud the pa
ance at three months, for which the not 50 OF the
purchaser bearing interest from the day OF sale aud
set nred by deed OF trust on the property sold
shall he e1ven. deposit OF 800 shall be required
OF the purchaser at the time sale All convey
anc nR shall be at the expense Of the purchaser If
the terms OF sale are not comulicd with in seven
days the property will be resold a like time of
Advertisement
sep2d JOHN E. NORRIS, Trustee
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
.HANCERY SALE.

Pyvi,tue Of decree Of the Supreme Court IL
Of the D! strict of Columbus. passed in equity lis
cause No. 6,925, in which J. T DUH and -k:n
Others are compliments. and g. II: McKim and
OF slfIEMBEn, 1879, at o'cock pm sell. at pub
Zig auction, to the highest aud best bidder in front
Of said property. the real estate with the valu.:
be improvements thereon situated at the corner Of
in square No. 600. described as follows Beginning
at the southeast corner Of said Lot Square, and
running thence north along 1st street. east fifty feet
and five and one half inches; thence west one hun
drs d feet thence south fifty feet five and one-h half
inches to south sire t, and thence east one hun.
dred feet to the beginning, improved by Brick
buildings.
Terms of SALE One third Of the purchase mopey
in cast and the balance in six twelve and eighteen
months from day Of sale with interest at SIX per
cent. per annum the payment to be secured by the
notes OF the or the whole Of the purchase
money nay be paid In cash the day of sale rat
ication thereof. No deed to be given until all the
purchase money is paid A deposit of 800 required
when property is sold II purchaser do not comply
with terms Of sale within ten days Trustees
chaser or purchasers. All conveyanc Lg at costs Of
purchaser %1 Il iHaE ). M1L1ER,S Tru.tees.
teI6-l0t THOS. DOWNING. Auct.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
nUNCANsON BROS, AuctioneerA

TRUST Es' SALE OF IMPROVED PROPERTY
CORNER THIRD AND 81 kEE rs NORTH
EAST, AND CORNER THIRD AND MARY.
LAND AVENUE NORTHEAST.
By virtue of a coed of trust given to US, -
dated It'll day Of June, A. D 1876. and duly fa
recorded in Liber No. 822 folio 1874, one Of QV.iX
the land records for District OF Columbia, and by
request OF the party secured thereby, We will, on
the premises, at O'Clock p. ~, proceed to sell all
those certain pieces parcels of ground situated
the city Of Washington, District of Columbia, and
described as follows: The north twenty five feet
ffty.seven, with The depth thereof ' ''' @' anu
Part OF lot one (1), In square seven hundred aud
hfty'seven beginning for the same at the northeast
hundred QOC) feet; thence southwest on Maryland
ris bit angles to Maryland avenue one hundred and
twenty-five 125l feet nine co. inches to the north
ming. together with all the improvements, ways,
easements, rights, privileges and appurtenances to
the same belonging or In any wise appertaning
Lot ls improved by double Two-stOry Frame
Houee. corner Sd and Q streets northeast. Lot is
House and Store. corner Maryland avenue and Sd
street east, and Two-story Frame House on 81
street. between Maryland avenue and street
northeast all Of which will be sold separate.
Terms Of sale: iOne-fourth cash balance in six,
twelve and eighteen months, notes bearing per
cent interest until paid, and secured by deed OF
trust on premises sold. All conveyanclng at pur-
chaser's cost. A deposit of 800 will be required
upon esch piece Of property ss soon as Knocked off.
days from day OF sale, the Trustees reserve the
right and privilege to resell the property at the ri k
and cott OF the defaulting purchaser, upon giving
five days, notice Of such resale in some newspaper
RAWLKIGH W. D0WNMANI r..
sep11d OSCEOLA O. GREEN. Af"S'oee'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
E'ITCH, FOX 4 BROWN, Real Estate Brokers.
TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE IMPROVED

TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE IMPROVED
PROPERTY ON RHODE ISLAND AVENUE,
BETMEEN y 3 MON AVENUE AND
FOURTEENTH STREET.
BY virtue Of deed of trust, dated October -
l4th; AID 1876, and duly recorded in lioer f..2
No s2s, folio 24s It seq, one of the land re E".2
cords for the District Of Columbia, and at the re.
quest OF the party secured thereby. we will sell at
NEspAY, the nth day Of September. A D. 1879. at
tate, situate in Washington City, District of Co'um-
ba, 10 vat: Lot numbered sixty five $3.50 in yales
sui division Of lots fifty 600 and fifty one (5l of
Fendall's subdivision Of Part OF square two hun,
dred and forty two (242), having q frontaye of "a
feet on Rhode Island avenue together with the inn.
PToveme, is thereon. consisting Of threestory and
basement Brick Dwelling.
Terms One-Quarter o; the purchase money, with
expenses Of sale in cash. and the balance in ca.
two CD aud three (3) years. for which the notes of
the purchaser with interest at seven per cent and
secured by deed of trust on the property sold will
be taken. depoeit of 5000 will be- required at tma
Ct sale AZ conyeyancns at purchasers cost.
amount Of which will be sfven at time OF sale. II
terms OF sale are not complied with in seven days
the Trustees rese the right to resell at the risk
and cost OF the defaultiDg purchaser, after five
days advertisement.
VIM. HENRY BROWNE,l r-rs+oo.
EDWIN c. GUTTER, ( Arustees.
j. I. COLDWELL, Auct. aug30, sep3 6. 10 Is 16
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17

How TO MAKE A BED.-The best bed consists
OF set or springs and tick well filled with oat
straw, as This can always be made with gen.
tie slope from head to foot, is healthier to sleep
on, and more easily aired than any other A
bed should be trife higher In the middle than
at the sides, though not percepttbly so, and
should be so made that the occupants viii not
say they dare not sleep In your house for fear OF
rolling out OF bed. Sheets should be three
quarters OF a yard wider than the bed. narrow
sheets being almost as bad as none. The covers
should be light and soft. Tacking them Is
much better than wasting time and energy on
patchwork and quilting, though Just now
fashion says that we should initiate our grand
mothers, and make quilts more pulling than
Chinese patchwork. Household
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
YOUNG & MIDDLETON, Auctioneers.
TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE IMPROvFI
RIAL ESTATE, SITUATED ON THE WEST
ttDE OF SECOND STREET, BETWEEN
81 kkET AND VIRGINIA AVENUE SOUTH

TRUSTEE'S SALE OF VALUABLE IMPROVED
RIAL ESTATE, SITUATED ON THE WEST
ttDE OF SECOND STREET, BETWEEN I
hIkhET AND VIRGINIA AVENUE SOUTH
By virtue of . deed of trust dated Novem- -
folio 3l9, ct seq, Of the land records Of the ~.
District Of Columbia. and by virtue OF q decree Of
the supreme Court Of the said District OF Columbia
PASSED on 18th day Of September. AID. 1879, in
Cause No 6,848. Equity Docket -, wherein John E.
Kendall It al. are compainAnts and john O'Leary
in front Of the premises, to the highest bidder
"WEDNESDAY, the 24th day of September,A d. Is 70,
at ~ O'Clock pm the following desc ibedreal estate
situated in the city OF Washington. District Of Co
lunhla beginning at a point on Id street east
numbered twenty (20) in Blagden's gu bdvision Of
square numbered seven hundred and thirty-seven
(137, running thence south twelve (19 feet. thence
west one hundred and twenty (l2O feet, thence
north twelve I2) feet, thence east hundred aud
ssme being patts Of lots numbered twenty COO and
twenty one CID in Blagden's subdivision Of square
numbered seven hundred and thirty seven (737)
together with all the improvements, ways, ease
mente, rights, privileges and Appurtenances to the
same belonging, Or in any way appertaining:
six 60 and twelve Q2 months, for which the notes
of the purchaser bearing interest at six CO. per
tum per annum from the day Of SALE and secured
to the satisfaction Of the Trustee shall be taken
deposit Of twenty five dollsrs (S2 shall be required
of the at the time Of sale, and al convey
terms Of the sale are not compiled with within five
90 days from the date OF SALE the Trustee reserves
the right to resell the property ct the cost of the de-
fauling purch Aser, after five days notice in such
District newspspe, as he may select
senl9 IL II 10 29Soa ~ ~00
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17
CTE1GER LIEBERMANN. Real Estate Aucts.

STE1GER LIEBERMANN. Real Estate Aucta
TRUSTEES, SALE OF VALUABLE Real Es
TATE ON NORTH Side OF X STREET
BETWEEN EIGHTEENTH AND NINE.
TENTH STRELTS N0RTaWEST; IN;
AND RMELLINa-No 1889 K STREET
BY virtue Of q deed of trust dated the 18th -
Day Of September, A. d. 1875. and duly re- tM
corded IN Liber No. sos. folio 81. one Of the r.:
land records for the District Of Columbia and by
direction of the party secured thereby We w P se
DAY. the 18th day OF September ds5y a. 0elnes
Pm, parts Of lots numbered ten IO) ana eleVen
in sanare numbered one hundred ana seven igal
of street 81 feet east from the sou Invest of
Of said street 20 feet thence north az feet thence
hing to- ether with the improvements thereon.
Terms Of sale One fourth 90 cash balance in
ak (6) twelve (l2) and eighteen u8) months with in
to, est at seven ca per cent per annum until paid
cash, at the option Of the purchaser. deposit OF
aIOO required at time of sale. All conyeysn.dne
at cost II the terms Of sale are not com
Piled with within five days from day Of sale. the
Trustees reserve the right to resell It risk and
MHAA !TaG , ADLER, rrus;ess
sep9.l1 sl3,l6,l7,19
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1879-09-17

u "A gorilla about eighteen months old fn
the Sydenham crystal palace is described as
having 1.-THE dron quiet manners OF little
black child" IL is gentle and harmless; its
ears lie close to its head and are as well formed
as boys IL is girl gorilla.
n MT A. ID. Langstafr, president OF the How
ard Association OF Memphis, Tenn, arrived In
New York, Saturday, the object OF his visit
being TO solicit funds 10 enable the association
TO continue its work In that city.
tE-Gov. Jarvis, OF North Carolina, has COM
muted the sentences OF A. NJ. Dradwell, white,
and Thos Roseboro, colored who were TO have
been hanged at Statesville next Friday, for
burglary, to life Imprisonment In the peniten-
tiary.
uThe trouble between the American Union
and Western Union Telegraph Companies at
Buffalo, n. V, was ended yesterday by an
agreement under which the American Union
will erect its poles so that the wires VIII be
strung twelve feet clear and below those or the
Western Union.