davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
RIlSSIA.

While Russian generals and diplomats have been
triumphng III the field and in the cabinet tho
Nihlllst5 have been working underground. The sig
nal for agitation was given by woman, Vera Sas-
suitcb. Hearing that BOgOluboii, political pris-
Oner had been hogged ny General IrepOh chief of
the Cars secret police. and suffering from her
own wrongs and Imprisonment, she attempted
to strike down the tyTannical official. She
was tried under the laws governing criminal
Offences and a model jury, consisting of a noble
man. seven councillors, and several university men,
acquitted her. although her guilt was seli-confesscd
This experiment convinced the officials that the
people were not to be trusted when their sympathes
were touched. Not only the verdict set
aside in this case, but all revolutionary
attempts were dealt with subsequently As
political and not as criminal offences. During
the summer an imperial ukase was ISSUED suspend
ing the jury system in criminal eases thus bringing
to naught one of the great reforms OF the Cars be-
ncticcnt reign. The revolutionary episodes had
multiplied. On the morning when the Socialist
tlnsmIth was bchcaded IN Berlin, General Mczent-
sol. the Chief of Police, was stabbed to the heart
and one OF hIs subOrdinates was shot in a struggle
with the assassIns. The Chief of Police OF KIeh was
also shot down in public square; IN the suburbs
o, Riga the NJii,ts exchanged yolleys with the
gtndarmcs: tu re were cmtutea among the Wgyer,,
siV students I s.. Petersburg ana Moscow and
....-. uc .i.y,. ...' 4 scyen NIhi>t, who bad
..,. .t,... e. ,.. ...sCd a moi Although served
u' .a.-- AMI lrt".- hc secret police hayenOt been
abb, ,' lay bare IT, plots: and there now seems to
lee "a work Ot Socialist societies throughout Euro
pcau Rn Sin. IHasni ch ~ the Cars dOm'nIons are
I..- d'....t populated than the states of
....,-. ii.. u. ... coTdIugiy ideas spread
-... .s. tH. pcasantTy the dau ger from
... tI} MCt'HeDts Is not 50 great as it is III
G,t..:4A.
BY the retirement Of Reuten in August. Russia
lost the great Minister OF Finance who had served
her faithfully since the Crmean War. His successor,
Greg, has made unsuccessful efforts 10 borrow
money in the European capitals. The Treasury has
been reduced 10 great straits. One-third OF the en-
tire revenue is required for interest the pub
he debt, and the army and navy would cost
= much more even If they were on peace basis.
whereas the expenditures are still continued.
The paper circulation is now l,20OO0O,OO0 rOubles,
and Is deprecated more than ono-half. The empire
Is impoverished No public improvements OF any
magni tue can be undertaken for long period. and
no advances can be made in the education Of the ell
franchI,ed There Is now only one school for
every },OOOi inhabitants. and the proportion of
children i'll attendance as low Us l.3 per cent
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
EFFORTS lr A COAL COMPROMISF.

PHHADELrUIA, Dee. 30.-The coal operators
OF the schuylNn Valley met together informally
to-day to discuss the outlooN for the trade
by general consent, Mr. Franklin r.. Gowen
acted as chairman. lie submitted several proposition,
for discussion the first was in regard 10 the rat
ot tolls 10 bo charged, and fixing the ran
at 40 per cent Of the prcc On board ~ cOmpetilw
points This Is considerably lower than at prIsen
rates. Another topic referred 20 the 0moub
OF production Reports OF thC meeting ssn
that the operators were opposed 70 cUthroa.
policy and lOw prices. No definite action wa
Iaken. This said 10 be due 10 To
fact that the Iehigh operators viii hoe
meeting tomorrow To II the impending uOu0Id
bo ayertcd II II expected that esenlatw
OF tho Lens Coal and Navigation Company VIII ~
prerent Alter thg acton OF this meeting Is psos
known The Schylkili men propose 10 cue and sa
accordingly.
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
THE, TREATIES.

The bases of peace which had been agreed upon
at the headquarters of the Russian commander were
the independence of Montenegro. Seryia and ROu-
MANIA the erection of Bulgaria into principality,
the evacuation of Batum and the Bulgarian fort
rcsses. and war ndemnitIes payable in territory.
The supcrstructure which General lgnatief framed
during February rested on these foundations, but
overlapped them. The Treaty Of San StcfanO was
signed March 3, and communicated to the European
Powers eighteen days afterward. A strong Slay
State was created in the Balkan peninsula, with
barbors on the Black Sea and KgeaD, and Con-
stantinople was cut OFF from Ihcssaly, Al
bania and Bosnia. The organization of this
prncipllity was virtually intrusted to Imperial
conmlsslons supported by an army of 5000 men
when was to remain Oh the ground two years.
In Armenia the Sultan gave up Batum, kars aud
Ardahan. with the outlying districts as far as the
soughanlu rauge: ard there were indefinite en-
gAgemsnts for other indennities, The Slav allies
were treated very generously, both Montenegro and
Servia receiving large additions of territory but
nothing was done for the Greeks, who at the last
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01

surrender was complete; the Marshal has al
lowed his Cabinet TO have its own way. and has not
been disturbed by Gambettas eloquence In the
South. The Assembly passed three bills to prevent
the recurrence of attempts similar to that OF the
10th of May. These were the State OF Seige
bill the Coportage bill and Press Amnesty bill.
These measures we7o passed by the senate, twenty
Of the thirty-three ConstiutiOnalists voting with
the Republicans. Tho elections for vacancies
caused by tho invadation of seats IN the Assembly
resulted in large Republican gains By the depart
mental elections year ago the Republicans secured
a majority in fifty and the Conservatives in forty
COunclls-General. These results were extended IN
September, when several BOnapartlsts were
0usted from Presidential seats The municipal
delegates who control the Senatorial elections
were chosen in October and the Republicans
have virtually carried 46 of the Is SenatOrships.
thus gaining % seats. EIghty-One Senators are TO
be elected within a week. and 81 of these seats arc
occupied by Conservatives The Republican
majority will probably be about 10. The reaction
airy factions can do no more mischief. The Orean-
its cannot move until the death of the COntc do
Chambord; tho LegItmsts count on nothing
but a miracle, and the BonapariIsto are at their
wits end.
What use the Republicans will make of their VIC
tory is still uncertain. GambcttaS declaration OF
war against ClericaIsm during bls tour IN the
South caused much 4nea-lness, but an early out
brral, of hOstilites is not to be apprchended.
The Chambers rcassembled late III DC, Obyr,
aud il became apparent, in spite of the cXp'o-
son which led to his larclcal duel with DE FOurtou
that Gambctta had determined that the session
ShOuid pass off qney and that al. reform mea ures
should bc deferred until the Republicans cOu Il have
4 working majority IN each House. lhe financial
situation has been excellent. Specie payments were
Resumed on January /, with a metallic reserve of
TiZ2 1000, 900, of which SlOO,OOO,OOO was silver
The Exposition, which was opened IN May
was sue esSul in every respect The rev.
enue returns show an increase IN the produce OF
indirect taxes amounting TO Sl2, 100000, and re-
ductlOn of taxa ION is promised the next year
through Il revision of the schedules trades and
professions and small industries.
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01

the .Austrians drove their foes from valley to
valley, until the last stronghold was occupied.
After the collapse Of the revolt late in Sep
tember, civil government was organized.
Austria is well fitted for the work Of paciiication
for she has learned to deal with races aud creeds
in q spirit of toleration. The cost OF the occnpa
tia paws seven-tentbs and Hungary the remainder.
The events of the year have shown how weak are
the national impulses and how strong the lhs'ihcls
of race in this 60 pOsIte monarchy, ana tnaI
even when the two States are pulling in opposite
directions the Emperor can have his own way.
Count Andrassys trimming polcy mas % succeeuou @ ao
excessive and the preparations were inadequate.
The defeat OF the Ministry IN the Austrian aeleea-
tiona is coInpensated for in measure ny the ,ll-
look ed for success of the Hungarian Premier, Dnt
there must be dsdlection in many parts OF the dual
cmpTC
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
NEUROLOGY,

Those ancient foes, Pope Plus TX and Victor
Emanuel have disappeared from the European stage.
with blind George v, of Hanover; two Queens OF
Spain, Maria Christina and Mercedes; Queen Vic
torias daughter Alice, and Hassan. Emperor Of
Morocco. England has lost Earl Russell and Rus
sell Quincy: France, GARNER Pages and Comte 40
Pallka0; Italy, La MarmOra; Russia. BodiscO:
Greece, Bulgaris; Venezuela, Alcantara; and the
United States. benjamin +. Wade Gideon Nelles.
Lyman Trcmain, and-fOr these two also called
themselves statesmcn--WIllamM NJ weed and John
Morrissey. Passing from State to Church, we iind
such names as Cardinals Franchi, Berardi and Cul-
len: the fiery Bishop Dupanl1dp: Dr. Selwyn,
Bishop of Lichheld. aud the Scotch nj visionary,
Alexander Duff. Letters and journal ism have lost
William Cullen Bryant, Bayard Taylor. George H.
Lewes, John A. Maciiahan, Samuel BowleS
c. G.. Burlegh, James Johnstone, and Sarah H.
Whitman: art and architecture, Cuurhet, l.ainhi-
net, Cruikshank. Frances Grant and Richard | p
John; science. Joseph Henry, Raspau, Angelo Sec
chi, PeteTmann Ruhmkorf; education, Dr. Charles
Hodge, President Raymond and Catherine J..
Beecher; the bench. keogh In Ireland, SClOpis in
Italy and William I. Allen in New-lOrk; the stage
Charles Matthews, II. }. Montague and managers
NIblO and Gye; the business world, Thomas WI
mans, William OTtOn, William ii. NermIlye, George
W. Blunt, Theodore Roosevelt and DIR. James &.
Aver To these names must he added those Ot
Dalln of the American Rifle Team; Cynle Dion,
the billiard champion; John Allison, " hose sigma.
ture was known among all men; Rossnis faithful
wife; Abigail III. Smith, of the Glastonbury family;
and, finally, that scrap of a wOman-Minnic War.
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01

his first allocution he took the old ground Will
gard to the loss Of temporal power. and bo
done nothing to indicate that his yiews ., =,
Office as the depositary Of the power Of definin m
vine truth differ in any respect from those - A.
predecessor. SO far from sanctiOning the ooc,,'',
ton of Rome, he renewed the cOntroyersv -,
the Italian Government by filing the See Of NanIoi
without reference to official Inyestiture ~.
Council OF State decided that the g.
was IN the royal patronage, but the AreL
bishop has recently been granted an exequ.tn.
from the King. without abating any Of his etcl..
iasticol aud secular pretcnsiOns, Leo XII, 10.
displayed more tact than Plus TX. IN dealing
with Continental Courts. This is shown not only in
his letter Of instructions to Cardinal FanchPs sue
ceSSOr Cardinal NinJ, but in the course OF the nevo
tiatIOns with the German Chancellor. The e1jled
bishops expressed III memorial a wish that an
equitable arrangement might he reached with Ger
many, and apparently both the Chancellor and the
Poniif were wiling to aQTeC upon a mOdus yiyendi
but the leaders of the Ccntre in the Reic;,
stag refused to acqulesce In the arrangemep.
Leo XIII. has gone far enough TO prove that he m :
be more dangerous Inaslnucb as hr Il more M
tie foe 10 PTOtesi anrism than PIOus TX.
Victor Emanueis death had preceded that II
Pins *. lie breathcd his last Oh January 9. after
receiving the .acraments. new Cabinet bad Just
been formed with DcprctIs at ITS head. AID King
liumberi on his accession had to face Pariia.
mentary Crisis. Aftel the Berlin Congress there
was great satisfaction in Italy over the ne 49,
results. and indignation meetings were held
many towns. ara the. Ministers were 0cuoy .H
for not securing the TetTUccssiOu Of the i;C ..
and Trieste, After second Parliamentary ri.
the Cabinet was reconstructed with Radical 81 At
Radicals Carroll, as Premier. BE shared man, q
the Socialist views OF Garlbdd. aud instructed ,v
Minister OF tine Interior 10 offer resistance to tle
organization Of PctrO Rarsantl societies. In a
speech at Pavla he announced that the GOyernmel Z
would not suppress any associations, whateyet
might be their tendencies, and made some dem
agVgic appeals IN behalf OF the working
classes. Alarmed BY this speech, three members "f
the Cabinet rendered their designations. The
aTdOr of the Radical Premier abated somewhat, Tor
while he was accompanying tne royal party IN thclf
progress through Naples, he witnessed the attempt
OF Passayante to nate the KING, and was him
sell wounded IN tho gb. Another Parliamentary
crisis has brought back 10 power Depretis aud Cab
met of the Left.
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
SPAIN.

The great event of the Year has been the surrcn.
der Of the Cuban insurgents who for ten years had
deied the armies Of Spain. The chief command in
Cuba had been accepted by General Martinez Cam.
pos, the cOnquerer Of the Carlists. He determined
to adopt the same policy which had been SO success
fu IN Northern Span, and 10 break up the organiza
tOn of the insurgents by judicOus concessions and
promises, as well as by hard lighting. lie estab-
lished a rigid blockade of the coasts and harassed
one band of reyOlutiOnists after another
until they began to teel they had a most
energetic commander to oppose. AT this crI.
Sis the Marshal came forward with most liberal
offers. TO all who would lay down their arms .he
promised free pardon. restoration of coniiscated
property and local selI-gOvernmeut. The Central
Committee. the Executive and the chiefs OF the IN
surrectOn made terms with the GoyernOr-General,
and general amnesty tor all political offences since
1868 was proclaimed. The insurgents, who had
battled with varying success against many Span
ish Generals laid down their on March
2 under the assurance that they would have
the same political privileges which had been granted
to the colonlsts OF Puerto Rico
The marriage of King Alfonso with Mercedes.
daughter Of the Duke MOntpensIeT, took place
January %. The Quccn-nother had objected TO
the brtrotha, but King Alfonso was not niy self
wiled but deeply in love. Queen Mercedes died
at Madrid OF typhoid fever lJunc 2Ol ~ her nine
ttsntu wear. Her death caused deep soi W among
an classes. The King returned 10 '..'r D.
tOber % from short visit TO the Noita,' r.1N
inces, and he was driving. through 49,.
Gale MAYER man i'll q blouse fired
pistol at him. but did not wound HIM. The
asSallant was Moncasi, cooper. who ayOwed him
self an internationast. The Kings hold upon tho
affections OF his subjects is strong that his Minis
Try have not asked for extraordinary legislation
against the secret untas known 10 exist IN Northern
SPAN. A new electoral law was passed by tao
Chamber of Deputies on November l3. 1t Restricts
the franchise to those who are twenty five years OF
age and who pay an income tax of about 80. Castelar,
stl clings TO the hope that Repu lican form of
government may DC established, but he has cut loose
from the FederalistS and ntranslgeuts. His recent
speeches indicate that he too Is convert to the
political gospel of 0ppOrtunism.
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
EGYPT.

brighter day has dawned for Egypt The Khe-
dive ordered late in January an inquiry into the
sources of Egyptian revenue. In September he gave
mp his estates TO the financial Commission so as to
reserve nothing for his own use from the public
revenues aud accepted the European ystem of con-
stitntiOnal gOvernm ent. He appointed Nubar Pachs
head of his administration and Rivers Wilson
Munster of Finance, and declared that his country
must adopt new system. These regions are natur-
ally rich, but have been impoverished through mis-
government. and now they will be supplied with
capital The system of forced labor will Ice aban-
doned taxes Will be gathered at convenient
seasons. and complicated system Of land-ownng
will he rendered first simple and then profitable.
The vast estates which the KhedIve was farming at
the expense of his creditors are thus made available
for public revenue and the oppressed population of
Egypt is under the guardianship of the West
ern Powers
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
ITALY.

Pope Plus X died OH February 7, after the long
est Ponttcate on record-nearly thirty-twO years
More than twenty Cardinals present beside his
dcathbed, and the Camerlcngo at once assumed the
temporary government of the Church. The Con-
clave acted with all requisite formaty. and elected
Cardinal Pecci The new Pope took the name of
Leo Kill. and was proclaimed Oh February 20. In
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
REIl,llM

The Clerical party in the Belgian Parliament has
been Overlhrown after remaining in power seven
years. In June elections were held for the rene wal
of one-half of each House, and the Liberals gained
ten votes in the Senate and twenty-five in tho
Chamber. The UltramOntanes suffered from the
detection of cities like Ghent and Antwerp This
political reaction gave the Liberals - majority ia
each House and enabled them TO form Ministry.
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01

A gentleman, no longer young, goes TO loek
at some apartments. Tue concierge assures hn
earnestly that they wont suit LiIn. AstOnished -
asks, why not o. "Ah. mousieur are not you meS
than sixty year, odf " But yes We'll sir. the prr
prctor Will never consent let them lie hss
luncralsn
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01
FRANCE

a year Of peaceful development has followed the
season of reactionary intrigue and political cx-
ctement which was brought to end by the
Presidents surrender TO the Republicans. That
New-York tribune., 1879-01-01

The Government has made it point OF honor to
pay what it was not legally bound TO pay-the
irrational award made by two members of the
Fisheries Commission The Senate Committee
on Foreign Relations, in leaving the payment
of the award TO the discretion of the President.
urged the utmost care III disabusng the minds of
the Canadian and British Governments of the notion
that the United States accepted it as just measure
of the yalae of the in-shOre fisheries. Mr. EvaTts
did not press upon the British Foreign Office
the pon! of lack of unanimity of the Commissioners,
bat showed conclusively that they could not have
acted under Article XVIII. of the Treaty of Wash
ington when they granted 50, ,jOO 900 for privileges
that were, not worth more than few hundred
thousands, with all counter CLAIMS excluded In
another dispatch he directed attention to the For
tune Bay outrage last January when feet of twenty
American vessels was driven from Newfoundland
bv fishermen who accused thom of violating local
laws; and he cOntended that the United States
could not admit that privileges which were ac-
corded by the treaty subject TO local rcstrlc-
tions Lord Salisbury conceded that British sover-
eighty III regard to international engagements
could not be affected by any municipal legislation.
The Government then waived all other points and
paid this mOnstrOus award.
A treaty with the samoan Islands has been made
and a permanent Chinese Embassy received; and
diplomatic relations with Mexico have been re-
sumed. The Free Zone strip along the Rio Grande,
where there has been 50 much smuggling,
was abolished by the Mexican Government IN
SeptAmber and troops were dispatched to suppress
cattle-raidng The military forces on each side OF
the river arc now cooperating in suppIesslng out
breaks on the border. Commercial intercourse with
Brazil and other South American States has steadily
increased. In only one OF these States feru "ncie
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1879-02-27

to run; the weak to run out. The
inferior ANIMALS that live temperate
lives have generally their prescribed
number of years. The horse lives
for twenty five years; the OK fifteen
or twenty; the dog ten or twelve;
the rabbit eIght; the guinea pig six
or seven. These numbers all bear
similar proportion to the time the
animal takes to grow to its full
size. But man, of all animals, sci
dom lives this average. He ought
to live hundred years according
to physical law, because five times
twenty is hundred; but instead of
that, he scarcely reaches on an av-
erage four times his growing peri
cd; the cat six times, the rabbit
even eight times the standard of
measurement. The reason is obvi-
ous-man is not only the most ir-
regular and Incorporate, but the
mo It laborious and hard worked OF
all animals He is also the most
irritable and there is reason TO be
lieve, though that we can not tell
what an animal secretly feels, that
more than any other animal. man
cherishes wrath to keep it warm,
and consumes himself with fire of
his own secret reflections,
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1879-02-27
Curious Figures About Paradise

"And he measured the city with the
reed, twelve thousand furlongs. The
length and breadth and the height OF
it are equal" Rev. xxi: 16.
Twelve thousand furlongs, 1920
600 feet, which being cubed $50,
1913. loss, 8,0O0,OO0,0O 100000 cubic feet.
Half of this we will reserve for the
throne of God and the court OF
heaven, and the balance for the
streets, leaving a remainder of 124,
19S, ,272, ,000,000,O00,00O cubic feet
Divide this by 4,096 the cubical
feet in a room sixteen feet square
and tuere will be 30,32l, ,S43, ,750,.
100000 rooms. We will now sup.
pose the world always did and al
ways will contain 100000, 1000 in
habitants, and that a generation
lasts for 33B years, making In all
2,970,OOO,000 every century, and
that the world will stand 100000
or 1000 centuries, making in all
1870, 100000 inhabitants. Then
suppose there were one hundred
worlds equal to this in number of
inhabitants and duration of years,
making a total of 297, 100000
600 persons, and there would be
more than hundred rooms sixteen
feet square for each person. Clean
ings for the Curious.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1879-02-27
For the Citizen.l
REMEMBRANCE MAY %, 1878.

The following mislaid poem has reoentl
been found in our Office. The author havin
since died under peculiarly melancholy Gil
it will be read by his numeroU
friends with. peculiar interest.
When the grass shall cover me,
Head TO foot where / am lying;
When not any wind that blows,
Summer blooms nor winter SHOWS
Shall wake me to your sIghing,
Close above me as you pass,
You will say, "How kind she was;'
You will say, "How true she was;p
When the grass grows over me.
When the grass shall cover me,
Holden close to earth's warm bosom;
While l laugh, or weep, or sing,
NeVermore for any thing
You will find in blade and blossom,
Sweet, small voices, odorous,
Tender pleaders in my cause,
That shall speak me as / was
When the grass grows over me.
When the grass shall cover me,
All, beloved, in my sorrow,
Very patiently l can wait,
Knowing that soon or late,
There will dawn clearer "morrow,"
When your heart will mourn, 'Alasp'
Now know show true she was"
Now l know show dear she was"
When TIE grass grows over me.
The PAIN that separation leaves,
Within each tender breast,
The loving heart too sadly grieves
Without the hope of rest.
Hope bids me ask within thy heart
A place, a holy shrine,
From whence 1 never may depart
As thou wilt not from mine.
That when in life we live remote,
Perhaps in distant climes,
Some holy thoughts we may devote
To these sacred shrines,
That when at last we cease to meet
To think of each it may be sweep.
CLAUDE j. WOoDRING.
Written for my darling cousin, NJ. d. W.
May ED, 1878, at 2 o'clock in the morning,
Rosy dreams and slumbers light,
To each and all a sweet good night.
By c. J.W.