, 1879-01-15
Trickery in " The Cup that
Cheers, but Not Inc.
briates."
0aw ths Tta.Itaf Is Prepared IN China, an'
Celsrsd to Gra!lfJ Ignorant
1rtjall;t.
Lie Tea---Tl1e Discoveries Re.
sulting from Chemical
Analysis.

millions ~ people. There Is scarcely Il hntlsr-
hold, however humble, that does not usr ten
onru n day, and il may bc fecainElv hc askctl:
What Is lio,nc without a tcapoti To determine
whether tl1r public Is fnlrly treated by tho pro-
dnccra and importers Of leu, the Ert'.ing i'oss
has obtained analyscs of n humber Of samples
bought at retail groceries, the results oi which
arc given herewith.
The difference IN tho taste and bouquet Of tho
teas usually sold In thIs country Il almost wholly
due to the different 1lct|otls uacd In preparing
tho leaves for the consumer. For instahcc, II Is
co,nu,on to sp"ak Of black anil green tea as al-
Must distinct scrIcs uf tic ten plnt, yet green
tea ind black tea Gun be n1nt1e from tho sumo
plant, The products Vi the two processes being
apparently absolutely distinct fram cacl, other
iii appearance, TASTE, md sInG!l. Indeed, there
are two klMls 1T flnck trt {strcalletl), o.,r VI
which retains its black color when STEPPED in
hot watcr, while tho other hccrtncA green again.
Il hrIef sketch of tic methods OF tca.lnnktpg
will shuw how this Is done.
BLACK TEA PROPER,
Tint Is, souclonE, prkoc, cnn1ou, etc., or what
We English calt brcakfnst tea, isgcncrafly picked
from plants IN thu mountainous reEtuns OF
Chlna, where tho shrub, growing nn.o,E roc6a
and lodges, has n struggle tor existence, n.ul
ACQUIRES 1nnru hardy character ttIan 1t lnts On
the wc1l-ferttlIxet level lands aul cultivated
valleys. These teas nre made black by the pro-
cess IT fermentation that they arc put thrnugli
l,rtnrc l,ciMe cured. As be.uro state, tho same
leave. COULD bo made into Grccncolored len
II differently trcate1, though their flavor
would not resemble the ordinary green
teas. Wien the leaycs hare been allowtxl to
fer1nent IN heaps for about t~clrc hours, they
Aro tosact about by hand, undergoing constant
rolling md wnnoWinE, nt.d aro then roasted
aver a slow iirc. Thuy are agatn tossed about
uud rolled. exposed 10 tie atr for time. and
finally dflcd over clarcoa! fire. The tlllIereat
gratlGs arc then obtained by sitttnG md careful
hnrtl-pcking. Almost tho tnslu process Ia used
for oolnng teas, which, though apparently bta"k,
are really green teas; tho important difference
IN tho prcoasat!on ot oolong Il that there Is no
fermentation Ut the leaves lfelrc there Ia NO
chemical action to chanre their coiur pern,a-
ucntly, ans,, though black when bought, it
quickly rcsuincs sts green et'loF when ssccped.
tile gnnpovdcr, imperial, young llysoli, hyaon,
aru twnnkaY tcn-fa nn Imposition frnnt tile
start. Honestly tt ruull never rcncll higher
clat, to tK. called green thnn nolong itaclf, hut
sncll denah!l exists for artflelally.eolorcd ten
tAat tile coloring prurtss Is applied Wilils cnring
the leaf II, ChtliA uni the practIec lus now be-
cotne so genera, tl,at'tt Ia probable that nothing
will ever cause its I!srontintlnncc. Yet this
ally to the ten exreus weight, hit 1t enntnins
one of thu tlcatlliest I,u!sonH knowE. For tho
snlsr Of pretty outss[ie, therefore, tho world
eontrntedly ct''lacnts.'to drink annually ttsou-
prussic acid is nnc ot tho constituents.
Green ten Is thus s,plc: At .hr usual picking
ti1nrs, of which tc9h hhro tllreo unl sometimes
four year, tho tlealfps go into tho tpa country
iur M cnrIag the tca. Mhen dealer caea1nps III
several I, iI ,nss arounaIr and procetls to make
''A' - >A "c,t5r" or TEA.
Al. The leaves rccciyH are treated a1lkc. They
arehcatcd tn copper h4ts. aud from this practice
arises thu old woman story that tho green color
Is impaired by Thy cdtl tlpcr. fh's qrcen Is gwen
by inl1tare ot rrua5llsn o'as md chtna clav
Thu asserting, llku the r,,ug process is ,ona t,y
hand. Eaci. caf wilsl ans bcr,. carefully rolled
thu c.,rnc is peke oEt by tilc io'is 1,o,is oi The
Chtrcsc lnburers. Tfhk 10 thon grutled ns extra
EuupowIeE. the sattte aizeL leaves which llavu
nut rolled into 80 shapely bulls as tue highest
ssS's sa q a eas ' s5 as seas. es sS ss
grades also, varying from large but perfectly.
rounded wlio!o lGuf TO the broken md llalf.rolt.
| cd ltavrs. Then comes young nyson. whtcl, I.
poxs4 es pc9a an ets ny sre oyr sH
beginning w.th extra No. |. Tyson fui1owl
ynlng h.so1. anl naa' four grades; ,nd Inst ui
all comcs swonkay, which is thu remainder ni
TIC ''.cl'up" nitcr the otl!rr kt1la hare been
picked out. The tea Ia then packed lor ship
ti,ent. There nru lrtnn fourteen TO stxteer
grades IN every ''chop."
Thu first plcklng takes place in tho earl,
spr'nR. when tLu 5oHn:; leaves Get tie tresl'cs
TIns ID lnofe particularly the easc will, bta1k
t,un with green teas. leu TINT has Haytr beer
cuored Ia very raru Ia thts country, except
yurtuty known a. jaIatl l,asket-t[resl Z" tea
natural iraf. It las dark olye tlut, md looIs
fur less attractive to the eye tlun tAu colorst
tea.
THE PRINCIPAL ApuLTsRANTs
hlrlt t.,,nt Aa1 I'm I'm
It'd willow mil similar shrubs, spemk teateavcs
lic.tcu tn truly appropriate natnr fruin the Gil
ucae( tntnctal nIuLter, stArtI. aiu rulornE n,nt
ter. Lfe-tca Is composed pf tcn-lust, iorcigt
tcayas. quartz, anlt magnetic oxide of iron Aul'
common importation during tlu Times whet
trn sold ut very hssll prlrcs.. but as 1t !.
b, ~ uas y t bry syss se
II ihcsu was my trout In making aAultcEatet
leu. tlerc Is llttIc uulbt that thu aduitcrasIot
could Hu tlune iu New York g.litH rs successful
ly us IN Chtna, but the prlco ol .io real asttrl'
| IL So low th4t alultcrQtlUn would be 3usfuI
speculation.
Yl,rru arc, however. establishments which i,
iuir business !u rcrolurn. old tea. When te
hns been opcutll aur sullu tna 1t loses it
strength, and atsu its bright, IRISH Look. rM
strength yAl!nut, Vi course, he restored, tut
may be made lo a.suuns Tint virtue. though /
has II nut. a mixture Of eight qulrts Of terri
alhA a,lA one quart Vi Dutch pink, With ono tcA
spoonful of rrussiau hlae, Il used 10 every a0
quarts ot len. Tllu ten Is rrl,euted, and hi
mixture II sl'rlukled on 1t until tile leaves Ut
coated with
+ AN lMPALrAHI.E rOWnER.
They then have I'LL the appearance VI new grce1
| tea.
i,esido the colortng mixture for green Ira
heretofore tlartlour.l. nutnber VI other sui,
Stances hare been ,lscA: rasu iiuk, butch pull
(which 10 really Yellow. cateelIli, yhrnItlte u
lrat!, sulpuato Vt iruu, Venetian red, curbusat
Vi copt'cr, chTou,ate Ut l,otasl, inuico, rnst,uu
utu Vi liur, und rarbU1iatu VI Hlukuestl. Sec,lI
I'd teas, bsaci Eunpowuer, aud orange pckDu NJ
euored with .raph1tu aud pIunloagu, or blav
| lead.
10 show the public where thc profits on tc
20, comparison Is rtyrll .! ilc lTteu4 VI dIlIel
tnt Erairt ot lea Ut Wholesale and retail prize
OF TIT tho satste:
FAotfsals. Ltta;f,
Duppowdcs CT. No. l.. .,7a IL bJc 81. t,1 to 81. 2
! tiuhpow1SE, cx. No. 1...10 ~ .,3c NJ tu ! @
| tunpuWdcr. Oh, NJ. -. ~ ~ TIC sllo
Yuuns llysoa, rx. No. l..Nl tu tic 1.:;, 10 LII
| Young ilysua. ex. No. ..Is tu t,Ua b. tu IT.
! | Young liySou, cx. No. :. ~ 10 :tuc GU1p
. ! Young III xutl. II. Mud IL to ltc :alo
ONK THICK or TliH TAAnH
| IL HOW havng u great slleCcxs In PHILADELPHIA
An ooloug ira II lALxetl with u sttsuil prupurtlo
If