davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16
TO ADVERTIs EgsS.

T3y rRTE PRESS IL . leading newspaptr and
.tysy,i,fnv medium, and hw the best Once ne
r.,r The Colorado and San Anionio rivers.
C,,ouI.,es al generally, both sonth and N"r,h'
4 iiye nap,r, devoted 10 Immigration and the
teyeloprnen, anil progress Of the country. Jehsr ?.
,onIan Democratic In politics. only aud oncial
amer Of the county. San Marcos the county
se.,, h a growing town of somr 400 inh ahitsnts.
located on the great highway and stage route
fro,n Arstin, Ella San Antonio To Mexico, on the
Iins OF the International Railroad which has been
co,p,lsted 10 Austin, the capital OF I'll. state, on
ly thirty miles distant, and II Is conhdeb'ly an.
,ictnatsi will soon he extended to this place u
/. noted for It's religious and educational pfivl-
lsre, sni as the center o. tine country apu *
ceIIsn, community; also for the celebrated sptiass
half q mile above, which boil up from the ooSels
Of the earth at the foot Of the mountains, iormns
tho San Marcos river. and constituting AZ once
great natural curiosity and an ineIhaustioe water
power.
Advertising agents, and advertisers genersly
,Hrousbout The country. will be ant TO recognise
in the proprletor OF tho fsEs pnEss one win
whom, as a newspaper publisher Of Eastern n
,i,sns during fourteen years,-from sep'emne,
,sJs 10 December 1872 they have probably hnd
bnsinsss transactions, to which he can point fhe'n
with pleasure as the best evidence OF his respon'
.ibil,ty and mode Of doing badness
,ry'ses table Of advertising rates on hr't psge.
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16
---------1'-l---l'-77'7777
Political Outlook.

The Dallas correspondent of the Gal
weston News writes as follows:
The outlines of a green frog are dis
ceruable in the political sky OF north
Texas. Aye, the tog is not so dense
but that even Bourbon may see It,.
Verify, the frog is SO huge that the
log could not conceal it from him.
lie has swung around the circle and
sectionalizod north Texas longltudln,
ais, transvcrsely and obliquely, and
satisfied # an election was held this
Jail in Dallas. Tarrant, Parker,
johnson, Ellis, Kaufman, Ruins, Hunt
Rock Collin, Graysou these coun-
ties would be polled against
the democratic party, C'uses--
want of dcmocia 10 organl.
yltion. rctrogressiveness OF the
late legislature. and unsatisfactoriness
Of the state administration. lie might
nave added the timorousness OF demo
cratic leaders on local and state cues
lions. The rreenhackers are enrol ling
thousands OF democrats into their
clnbs. not because tie new members
bel eve in fiat money, but because the
leaders of that party ARE outspoken On
ail questions affecting tn, counties IN
which they speak aud graprle with
state questions.
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16
I'm Favor. OF schools.
tspeciai to the News.


BRENNAN Aug. 9.--The question
"Shall tax Of one fourth Of one per
cent be levied the present scholastic
year for the support Of the Brennan
uublic free schools q was voted on to.
day and twenty six over the required
two thirds majority of al! taxpayers on
the rolls decided in its favor. Many
of the leading citizens who had former.
~ opposed free schools, voted for the
tx, and only thirteen votes were cast
against the levy, OF course The triends
of education and progress are rejoiced
at the result, and greater efforts will
now be made to make the schools the
prile of our growing little city.
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16

The evil consequences resulting from
impure blood are beyond human ca!cu
lation. so are the vast sums ct money
expended 10 worthless remedies. Par
sons Purca;ive Pills make new rich
blood. and taken ore nirht for three
months vii change the blood in the
entire system
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16

VIZ are requested to announce that
4 great irOiiius match - 20 come OF
4, Sau Antonio on the Oh ms, mile
heats. the lest il fse, raun;ng bt-
i-vc,n kcats.
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16

LoCKHART FAIR We acknowledge
receipt ola complimentary and cat
alorue Of the above named fair. which
sill begin O.tcbeT y. aud continue
four days.
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16

YELLOW fever news about the same
rs last week. Prevailing at Memphis
only. .......
San Marcos free press. [volume] (San Marcos, Tex.) 1877-1892, 1879-08-16

TIE cholera is at Coustantinople
aud some cases are announced ut Lon
lnn
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1879-03-15

A MOTHER WHO GAVE TEN Sons TO THE NATION.
Norman M. Merchant, late of Battery B, United
States ARTILLERY, has been hOnOrably discharged
from service at the request of his mother, an aged
woman living in Butler county, Iowa. The
grounds on which Merchant was granted this un-
usual favor are as follows: His mother bore eleven
sons, of whom Norman is the youngest. The
other ten sons served their full terms of service in
the Army Of the Union and are dead. She asked
that this eleventh son might be discharged, as she
was unable, being now ~ years old, to support
herself without his active assistance. As such n
family record seemed remarkable, the Secretary of
War caused an examination to be made of the
rosters in the Adjutant Generals Office, when these
facts were disclosed: S. w. Merchant, the eldest
brother, served in the Seventy fourth Illinois Reg
iment; Abel L. and Dewitt C. Merchant served in
the Fifteenth Illinois; Enoch served in the One
Hundred and Fifty sixth Illinois, and his brother
David in the Seventy fourth Illinois, Silas B. and
Arlo J. Merchant were in the Forty-fOurth Hi
nois Lewis H. served in the Forty Illinois,
consin Volunteers; James B. Merchant, the tenth
son, was a teamster in the Quartermasters De-
partment throughout the war. Those of the ten
brothers who did not die in the service were hon
orably discharged and the eleventh son, Norman,
had served six years before his mother asked for
his release. Well may the Secretary of War say,
off another mother can be found who gave ten
sons to the service Of her country during the war;
she may confidently ask for the favorable consid-
Grafton Of the Government.-N Y. Times.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1879-03-15
tIdfieId's Excelsior Pump.

TIVE undersigned has now on hand about 5000
Il eet of choice White Oak Pump Stock which has
bee in spring water a sufficient length of time to
fire., from sap. Any Pump constructed of this
sto is guaranteed not to give an unpleasant taste
tot water. His arrangements for preparing Pump
StoS in the above manner are most ample and
con lete. and he will always be prepared to put
up &c EXCELSIOR PUMP at short notice.
Always on hand all kinds of Pump Fixtures Of
the very best quality, including Leathered Buckets
for CID Pumps, which can be furnished on demand.
Common Wooden Pumps made on the premises
where they are to be placed, when desired.
All Pumps constructed by the subscriber are
warranted for one year. After the first year they
will ID kept in order by him for ten years, for the
moderate sum of $l.OO per year.
NS-L If the Ercelsior Pump should not gire sat-
isfdcfon itieW be removed and tie money refunded.
Reers by permission to r. r. Boarman, Esq,
TowsontOwn. Orders by mail, or in person, at
tended to promptly.
WILLIAM 0LDFIELD, Pump Maker,
Je.15.-ly.*l Fountain Green, Hartford Co., Nd.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1879-03-15
Undertakes, &c.,
Sonaethinqi New

Come and see the New and Beautiful
GLASS RIAL CASE,
just received ready for inspection and for sale By
the undersigned who have been appointed State
Agents for this traiy beautiful and 1aegudted Bu
rial Case by the AsKIN's GLASS COFFIN COMPANY.
Every variety Of Collins, Burial Cases and Cas-
kets in connection with the above, and Carriages
and Hearse furnished with personal supervision Of
all burials.
We also make to order and repair all kinds, of
Furniture and execute in the best manner every
variety of Upholstering.
JAS. u. CHALMERS g. BENNETT, isl
Furnishing Undertakers and Cabinet Makers,
No. 233 L. BALTIMORE ST..nfsss
Oct.26,1S.-ly] Successors to Richard Hall.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1879-03-15

FLORIDA-WHAT Can BE RAISED THERE, &c
correspondent writing to the Ncwtown (Pa.)
Enterprise from Florida, says:
''Three years ago 1 wrote that this was a great
country Three years subsequent experience and
observation confirms my previously formed opin-
ion. 1t is great in its pineres small lakes, ALI
gators, insects and vegetables. l have seen a
cabbage stalk full II feet high with a head on it
of the Drumhead size, and numerous small ones
on the foot stalks where smaller ones had been cut
off during the three years of the existence of the
parent stem, which had served for greens, boiled
cabbage and slaw for an average sized family of
cOlored 1pussins" for two and half years Ihave
seen avine and vegetable of the gOurd species run
ming up the frame work Of portieo, over its roof
to the house roof and onward, depositing here and
there immense squashy looking fruit, which
contained pulp of a triangular shape when
opened out) which mother dame washed and dried
and made it serve not only as bandana over her
wOOlly head, three eornered handkerchief
around her neck Ia mode of an aged Quaker
lady, but for all kitchen purposes of iron holder
pot or wash rag, &c. .-
"More recently ] have partaken ofripe tomatoes
from a plant years old, and eaten fresh green
lima beans from vines years old And further
/ have just been told by person Of undoubted
veracity, that his neighbor or friend down in
Orange County planted hill of pumpkins a few
years since in a field which is now land has been
for some time) filed with vines and thousands of
pumpkins, which afford an abundance of food for
his stock ofcattle, pigs, &c. Truly this is a great
State. But lest my readers may discredit my re-
marks, I'll not specify more astounding facts than
those already narrated. l do not know that any
person with family, without means, could make
a living here but l know several who have sue
ceeded to do so since the war. Still / would not
advise any of my friends to try it, especially il
they had any conscientious scrnples about running
into debt or living off of other peoples labor.
"The question is most frequently asked, "What
can be raised in Florida" There is no question
but dishonest men (Outside of real estate agents
land sharks, &c.) can be raised here perhaps even
the Devil himself in the outward, as Friends and
Spiritualists say and children, Oh goodness, in
any quantity. In fact everything to which the
climate is adapted can be raise here with greater
or less success-exeept mortgage, and it is the
experience of all, that if one plants mortgage on
his place in Florida it will most assuredly go tC
seed and take his place. One can't raise or lift
that And seldom does one raise the per cent
interest,""
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1879-03-15

Agricultural Implements of all kinds repaired
at short notice.
The Celebrated Oxford Flows made to order.
Mfs- Also manufacturers of various kinds of
Stove Castings, including Crates, &C., at much
less than city prices. Castings of all kinds kept
on hand or made to order at short notice.
gzS- Repairing of Agricultural Implements of
all kinds speciality.
aaEs~T The patronage of the public respectfully
solicited and satisfaction as to work and prices
guaranteed
Gls- Orders by mail promptly attended TO-.
aIif u' o. U. G.. MILLER & CO.,
Ashland P. o., Baltimore county, Md.
JOHN. D. ROE & CO., Agents, Towsontown.
Dec. 14.--1y. ttaa3t ~ 4tel ta
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
A Coed Name.

good name is rather to be chosen
than great riches" It is, is it2 And
when we reflect that when Solomon
wrote that he was the richest man in
the world and carried enough money
loose in his pockets to pay the nation
|at debt and. silyer "wss Accounted as
n6th!ng q the days Of Solomon" and
ID Neeldnt ait upon, ride in, eat OF
drink from anything but pure gold.
an6awss faiGng afanily of the worst
boys that ever. troubled Israel, we
but this 10 not the sermon department
of the paper; what we were thinking
ing was, that-perhaps we don't make
II very clear, but 3olomon's head was
level, after all. That may not be what
We started out TO say, bnt it's great
deal better.-[Ex. ;. lg.s a.s
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

SOME Of the newspapers publish q
"useful domestic recipen eVsfy day.
The other dfy., 81 place Of a recipe,
one Of the papers published the fol-
lowing notice it" We sincerely trust
that our readers will forgive us. Yes
terday iA giving q recipe for the chill
blains we inadvertently stated that the
remedy was to be taken Internally.
It y, on the contrary, to be iaken ex-
ternslly. We Hope %hat Pro- fdence
has restrained the hands OF our below.
ed subscribers, for every one who
drank Of this compound is dead by
this. Time. We present in advance our
condolences to the bereaved families. !"
q Il
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

f-' HffftIr.If 80 tf4 iflf4. L
The number of cowssin the United
States is over Ia, ,0O0, ,O0G, which Is six
times the number IN Great Britain,
over twice the number in France, two
and half times more than in Prussia,
and more than there are in. the coun-
tries of England, Ireland, Scotland,
Wales, Denmatk Norway, Sweden,
Russia, Findland, Austria, Hungary
and 6witserland combined, although
these countries contain four times the
population Of the United States. The
proportion,of COWS to the Inhabitants
in the United States is twenty three to
each 100 persons. ~, Sst ...i,. .5i -, e. -s.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
Nv aDEAReoDnfT0R

'a MY DEAR DOCTOR. "A few
weeks since had conversation with
my janitress as to . paralytic brother
in.law. He was stricken paralytically
two, years ago; the right side entirely
paralyzed, including the right arm
and right log. He had not earned .
penny during tho time; at my request
he purchased and used . bottle Of your
Iodine of Ammonia before the bottle
was one-half used, he could raise his
arm and control his leg. He continued
the application until he had, used .
seeond bottle, and is now earning two
dollars . day, and keeps up his work
we'll. Use this certiflc as you please.
-, Very truly GEO. g. EICKLEs.
Ill Nassau ST. N, Y, March A, 1876.
Dr., WIN. M. GILES, AL, Sixth Ave. 81
Sold by all Druggists. Send for
pampnlet.i aiat sz.t 81 ,OR. GILES,
,..,.i, .si, ,ae. 12O West Broadws N. Y.
) Trial sise % cents. .e1s, "a
For sale by e, p. Brainerd & Son,
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
HOW THE APOSTLES Died.

l. Peter was crucified in Rome, and,
at his own request, with his head
dowdward. ai 81. ..t
2. Andrew was crucified by being
bound to cross with cords, ON which
he hung two days, exhorting the peo-
pie till he expired. e.eH
8. st. James the Great was behead.
ed by order of Herod, at Jerusalem {
4. st. James the Less was thrown
from a high pinnacle, then stoned, and
finally killed with q fuller's club. 81
5. st. Philip was bound and hanged
against pillar. f-,or 81
6. st. Bartholomew was flayed to
death by command of barbarous
King.
Z. st. Matthew was killed with q
halbert. tar
8. st. Thomas, while at prayer, was
shot with shower of lances, and af-
terward run through the body with a
lance. 49, tl - - ...,
9. st. Simon was crucified. So
10. Thaddeus, or Judas, was cruelty
put to DEATH u i-i., .to. - as lis
IL. st. Matthias; the manner of his
death is somewhat doubtful; one says
stoned, then .beheaded; another says
he was crucified. -4as.
II. Judas Iscariot fell, and his bow
els gushed ont. '-f.t'4 ..lt l". '''i'
13. st. John died natural death.
IA: St, Paul was beheaded by order
of Nero.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

TINS standard article is conn
pounded with the greatest care.
Its effects are as wonderful and
as satisfactory as ever.
It restores gray or faded hair to
it's youthful color.
It removes all eruptions, itching
and dandruff. It gives the head q
cooling, soothing sensation of great
comfort, and the scalp by its use
becomes white and clean.
b. BY it's tonic properties it restores
the capillary glands to their normal
vigor, preventing badness. and maxi
ing the hair grow thick and strong.
As dressing, nothing has been
found 30 effectual or desirable.
A. A. Hayes, M. D., State As
saver of Massachusetts,, says, =" Ihe
constituents are pure, and carefully
selected for excellent quality; and
I consider it the BEST PREPARATION
for it's intended purposes"
Price, One Dollar.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

regular in outline, SO calm, so sweet,
80 angelic in expression.
My eyes were riveted to the picture.
and for several minutes neither of US
spoke. Then I asked him who she
was.
MY wife, was the reply; and his
look forbade further questioning.
Then we arose and wound our way
back to town.
For two or three days did not see
Joe and then went to his cabin, but
1t was tenantless. Joe was gone!
A month passed, and yet Joe did not
return. One evening I met q friend,
aud he stopped me with . wonderful
story. Joe had struck 1t rich some.
where in the hills, and had gone to
San Francisco and sold bis claim fol
twenty thousand dollars. So he had
besn prospecting all the time we had
thought he had been idling around
with that Everlasting rifle.
A week after Joe came back. and
sent for me. found him in his ole
cabin, and dying. A lady was sitting
by his bedside, and single glance
showed me that she was the origina
of the beautiful photograph.
Joe called me to him aud handed mt
newspaper. 1t contained romantic
story Of defaulting bank cashie
named Joseph Denton, who, having
gambled away hundred THOUSAND
dollars of the banks funds, abscondet
and had not been heard of for thre'
years. Then suddenly, from far-oi
California, comes check for the ful
amount, sent by Mr.. Denton himself
Il am Joseph Denton said he, 'an'
this Is my wife. My life-work is end
ed And in five minutes he wa
dead.
4
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

MANY ., man sits up nights Ave
weeks at q stretch, Sundays included,
composing communication for the
press on a1slate. and then having spent
another week copying II sntil \ might
be mistaken for piece Of engraving,
he walks into tho editors Office and
remarks with very sadly assumed
carelssshess that wouidn't deceive .
wooden rAigsr ,sign Indian, /. There's
'Something'I just scratched of that i
thought you might use.' = 9"''"A
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

THE average ,of mortgages upon the
farming lands Of France is but per
cent. In England it is 81. The United
States has but 5000, 900 proprietary
agriculturists. France, with q vastly
smaller area, has 5000, 900, 100000 OF
whom are small farmers. England has
but q, 900 landholders, and II per cent.
only Of the people till the soil +; the
rest are engaged in manufacturing and
other pursuits. One million are pau
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

a. A CoLoRrD man was once asked
why he did not get married. why,
you see, sab, said he, I got an old
mudder, an hab to do for her, ye
see, sab, an II I don't buy her shoes
and stockings and bread and butter
she wo0ldn't get none. Now, Of was
to get married, I would hab to buy
dem for my wife, an dat would be
takin' de shoes an stockin's an, bread
y bg!ter. right out. Of NY, .mudder's
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23

~. TrS;. T .Ss ,S use q 4 scSss. 8 A3f~ Tsi;nr,
q :: n sSs isRssss
4
Of or vision. Pre;nssare att rs Old Aks. and many
other diseases thai lead 70 Consnmption an ard
are first caused by devlating from the path Of
nature and over induigeacics Of the generative
es al over the world. annuaiy die with So call
cd consumption; hut medical men we'll know.
Ss s !. II
s ss hsss:
Very often the unhappy sufferer is tempted to
commit suicides in some cases the mind IS en-
seay eSriy ess sos. sSs who
doubts the vast number of fntellects ruined by
these diseases, can visit any one Of our Insane
Of every ten Of the cases ofinsAslty among their
inmates ere the result q Nsrvaps Diss.se: =.
ferring greater act Of benevolonce than we
invalid. especially those AFFLICTED with Nervous
Dlseaae too we'll know the vanity OF wealth
when placed In the balance With heath ana s ass
from Asia to our own merry England. thou,
cic 81 is msiy fow
being has beenl saved nom : ptematufs grave.
1t has In years paSf-6nQ Will I0r generatlQnS
| to cOme-sase thousAnds from yeMs o. anguish,
pain and sunsring. Set the saiicted take war
An old, well tried and scientific preparation.
one which viii effect speedy and certain cure.
is within their reaah, and placed at price
TSs spsodp s piHE Hsic,ne is the reaalsof
study and many years experience in treating
| these special diseases. Full particulars in our
pamphlet, which We desire to send free by mail
The SPECIFIC Medicine il sold BY Al aMruggis,ss q ]
be sent freq by mail on receipt of the money by
addressing THE GKAY MEDICINE CO.,
No 10 Nechsnics' Block, Detroit. Mich.
Sold in Ravenna by BELDING b ARMSTRONG;
also, by L. p. Seymour 4 Go. ihht
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
Buokdnghana's Dy
EoR THE WHlsKERs.

FOR THE WHISPERS.
This elegant preparation may be
relied on to change the color OF the
beard from gray or any other un-
desirable shade, to brown or black,
at discretion. It is easily applied,
being in one preparation, and quick
" and effectually produces per
manent color, which will neithea
rub nor wash of. .4.uinca-
llanu1aetursd BY r. p. NALL 4 Co.,
1., -. NASHUA, n. II. -
~ b n ossGgisls, ~ peGlass h 1ea'e1neA
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
NOTICE.

is hereby given thaton the S3nd day
N OF September. 1879. . petition was flled IN
nrsyinS for the establishment 81 Special School
District at the Center Of Windham Township
in said County. to extend one mile each way
clude within Its territory sixteen Of the origin
al Lots Of said Township. t-wit: NoS. g. 2
And thaf the Commissioners will meet to deter
miuc said matter at the School Houee on Lot 81
at tho Center Of said Township. on 4ppday. the
GIDEON S1Y4OUR, -
Sept. ssrd. 1879. 67s-5w. Probate Judge.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
iE1EAvE PowDER/

1 warrant 70 be the best ever onercd-and IL NJ
dirsetions arc followed VIII psfSosnf what
claim for it, Ny 45 years. e4perience in
care Of horses haA developed to me the propA
treatment. and MY Powder meets great waks.
as II is Heave Powdef-n0t . CSndfG5bn Pow
der. No man having horses needing fleatmese
for Heayes should be without this Remedy. Is
does not interfere with the supply Of all the
water 1 horse may need Four ounces. with d.
rections, q. .00.' Address sai %. W.yOY.
sah95aoaa P-o. Box Ss7. RayfPna. o.
Sold at Waterman's. bao-4w -,
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
Wagon Making and
) d Repairing.
% o. S.aBUZZEII

VTyoULD inform the people Of PORTAGE eern.
w ~ that he e prepAyed g ResuGeetsre an
and 10 DO general repatrinG pfp3pely 'a1d 3
ths 5est ps1nsrs Also, aOhSg sHOk1NG snA
!. Prices from 10 % - per cent below sny
HERETOFORE charged In this region. 70 cash.
y WAGONS Of all kinds o0nStaatly % haDd-s
Depot. .e7If
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1879-10-23
NOTICE.

/ LII persons are hereby warned against pur.
"A. chasing . certain promissory note made s
Weary for the sum of four hundred dollars
(e40O 0O) dated October 1st. 1879, and due one
year from date. as said note mas been i9ss or
suiiield. O.. Oct. ID. 1879. tet-s-w'