, 1879-08-10
BULGARIA.

The New Kfngdom-After 400 Years OF OPP
| preston, How the Emanc1pated Slavs Ac,
! and Feel-A Beautiful and Fertile Coun.
] try.
| london 7fnes.
| VARNA, July 18.-The Bulgarian once more
regns in the land OF his ancestors, and the SWAY
Of the Turks, after enduring for four centuries,
has passed away forever, avowedly regretted BY
few and avowedlv detested ny many. An unac
countable people, they have departed 1eavine.
behind them few or no traces Of those qualities
which make Government either useful IN the
present or admired in the future. They be-
queath no valued code Of laws, no great works
Of public advantage, to their successors. Nc
famous examples in art, in science, OF in litera-
ture remain to illustrate the period Of theil
rule. ALI is q blank in these respects
Nothing, during the occupation OF Bulgaria by
the Russians, caused such general dissatisfac-
ton among the latter as the constant refusal o1
the Bulgarian villagers to part with their sur
plus food-fowls and lambs, fruit, eggs, and
yegetables-for anything less than exorbitant
sums, and in many instances to part with it for
| auv money consideration whatever. This has
been attributed to them as an act of iugratitude,
and the Russians have gone away loud in their
denuuciattons. s'The Turks took what they
wanted By force" said the Russians; "and now
| the Bulgarians for whom We have bled, actual
| ly refuse in their ingratitude to exchange their
supe11uities for our money" The fact merely
| illustrates the stote OF surly independence at
which the peasant has arrived.
Neither the Russian understood him, nor did
| he the Russian His refusal in the instances re-
| lated, and his general and 'hahituai disfncl{ua-
ton to be gracious ,..t1 to the Russians, arise
ized. To be liberated ts one thing, but
| to be expected to display affection and
express exuberans gratitude towards your
! ltberator is more than prosperous human nature
more easily recalled to the memory OF the
| emancipator than to that OF the emancipaled,
t and the differences between them-for ditfer-
| ences there have been, anu tnev hare parted iu
no brotherly mood-are due to conscious proyo-
cations neither side but to the inevitably dis
! tinct point OF view from which each regards the
[ position. Both may be good fellows, but the
| nature of their relationship dcbarrcd from the
] first all permanent hope Of good-fellowshio.
| The form which this unacknowledCed fact takes
| in the mouths OF the more educated Bulgarians,
the town merchants and agents, the importers
and distributors OF foreign goods, the doctors,
| aud, Inst but not least, the jourualists,-fs,
awe owe debt OF gratitude to the Russians
| the extent OF which cannot be exaggerated. but
| the obligation We are under to them does not
Justify them in meddIing with our internal af-
| fairs. We ARE Bulgarians. and Bulgaria is for
the Bulgarians." They 60, indeed. lar as to
resent the introduction into the Government OF
Roumanian and Bessarabian Bu'garians, "who
know nothing OF the country"
Altogether. the attitude or the country is one
Of, perhaps. exaggerated sensttfTeness 10 every
thing affecting the national tndependence,-a
among large class by the reflection that the
loaves and fishes OF lucrative Government EN-
ploymeot hare during the first year Of their
liberation been deyoured BY their liberators,
and that no miraculous interposition has pro-
vlded even one basketlnt OF flcn scraps Tor the
Bulgarian aspiranss. There is nothing to object
to or be alarmed at In this tendency, provided
it be kept, as circumstances will probably keep
it for a long time at least, within bounds. Bull
earia Is not like Greece, an unfertile country,
where the struggle for existence Is necessarily
severe, and the ambition to live out Of the pub
lie purse is stimimulated By tear OF want On
the contrary, while the population OF the
two countries is estimated to be about
the same, or, say, 7,5Q0,o00, Bulgaria
not only extends over much larger area, but
that area is-wiEt the exception Of the Balkan
slopes-,untfoFmly and surnass'ngly rich in the
already to great extent cultivated and de-
.velopad, and well supplied with the implements
and appliances Of Il rude but effective husband
ry; nor are numerous herds OF cattle, and
wanting to complete the picture. The general
aspect and contour of Northeastern Bulgaria
forcibl7 reminds one of that beautiful portion
OF South Sussex OF which Mldhurst may be
termed the CENTRE Gcologieal1y related, the
outline OF the hills naturally falls into similar
curves, while the climate and temperature permit
Of the same description OF trees and CROPS pre-
dominating il both districts: Oak, ash, elm.
walnut, alder, the plane, and many other OF
our timber trees abound; Eheat, barley, oats,
Inuian corn, md mitlet are the most usual crops.
The vine grows veil and Yields generously, and
the tobacco-plant 1ourishes; white aprlcots aud
peaches, pears and cherries, ounces and
almonds, are produced with ease aud in orofu-
sion.
The difficulty which faces the new Govern
ment OF this fair territory IS not one which,
With ordinary prudence and liberality, will be
occasoued bY want Of material menus. The
country is rich with the indestructible richness
which belongs to ITS soil aud climate. 1t is not
with iuhospitable nature that war has to be
waged; it is with the wretched and humiliattng.
hatreds Of man, having their roots deeply seated
In divergence OF religious belief. with which
the government has to deal. The test Of Bul-
garian craftsmanship will be the fashion in !
which this difficulty is met and surmounted-
The population Of the country IS estimated 1t |
about ,50O,000 This estimate allows for the re-
duction consequent on the fight Of many Mussui- |
mans during the var. OF the 1,5o0.00o, about |
$4,000, according to most estimates, are Mus ]
sutnaus; and OF these onc"1hlfd 10 one