New-York tribune., 1879-10-28


NULIIFICATION ny TIIE DEMOCRATS.
How las the DrInocrn.ie party met this question oi
free and fair electIonsl WHAT action has 10 taken uou
the dnnning facts published In the Teller report! Has
Democratic House eXpeed thOse who hold their seats
by tssue-baloisi No; but Democratic cancus has In
vented form OF nullincation. IL tr"d 20 repeal
the election laws bu aIing d, this By reason of the
admirable vcioes President HAYES [ch"rrsl tried 70
nufy them by indr elton. which involved as great an
upon institutions did the attempted nt
ncation OF the revenue laws b. South Carona In 1888
II Is founded upon the same faulty construction OF the
Constitution by which secession was lnsuhed ~ II
thar either ATE uuiiIicat.on or State seces-ion
because ~ Gn attrmpG by members of Congress,
officers OF The Government. m an unconsiitu-
tlonai way. to nuliiy laws they are sworn to 0pey'
They refuse appropriate mDucy 10 execute ihc Jaws
In this they could destroy any department Oi the
Government, and entirely reNOiutiOniH' it
In the way thew mght refuse 10 pay The salaries
OF the judges anu destroy the judiciary They inisht
60 a.. o1r,'s ~ ,,sr,itIvr oni-
iu-lhe hlVIupi iol tn' s'Il-S VI "
Iney have already. in refusing ~ appropriate
pied the courts IN The collection Of Internal icVennr
aud already there has been dangerous mere ST. OF
offences az Inst these avs Desperate and lnwleH%
men, conscious that tue Department. crippled IN the
arpr1Irlaon ior ne ehIorcsmrht OF ne 'a"S' re Low
remedy unless COngress supplies a. once the ,hcency
NSS rose e.; i,s mi bl fISi % n' i ccn one "
Was only publication by wholesale; and now The very
He'd The CnDsiuiOnHl Amendments. Members of Con-
gress. wno were sworn To support and MAINTAIN tue
Constitution and The laws tired by revolutionary means
to nulliy the election laws. The l's, doctrine
Is the wOTet Of the three Nuil.ucdtiOn WIS
the futile effort Of u feeble STATE to defeat
the Iar II law. Secession the abortWe
cnOrt Of dsloya. states 10 rebel AGAINST the G1vcr
en bui thi- last effort was the ac Oi sworn AGENTS
al the 1usciumrut - nanny law upon tue statute
book Which they are ~ much honr to execute ~ tncy
are bonnG 10 execute any ptOysi0n Of the Constitution
or the laws for ia" surpur. of TIE Judicial Department
o. tIe Cow mont Thy tricI to roneal Il law and
failing tn that, ihey trcd TO luiiiiy IT.
90 mnch Tor what are called the election laws
IN QUESTION or NATIONAL SUPREMACY.
Now. a, to the o,her question: mat Of thc supremacy
and enforcement Of tho laws of the United siates; an
mere met by the OF State rigas. There
A. .eal question az state riehts involved Both the
Nation and the state coordinate agencies Of the peo
pie Nobody dispute this The people are the
supreme power. They have delegated certain powers
10 each Of these agencies, and Mother can exceed
these delegated powers. Nobody claims that the
powers delegated 20 the STATE are snblect Ia Federal
supervision aud OntrOi but do claim that the laws
OF tho United Staie' IN pursuance Of the CONSTITUTIONS
are tue supreme law. The Cunstltut ON expressly 10
We do cain that the States cannot disregard or
limit the powers conferred b. The Constitution upon tho
Nationn Government nor can they nulhfy The laws
passed b. Congress IA pursuance OF that Constitution
TIE dogma correctly stated Is, that the powers con-
fcirrd uIon tGe National Government are supreme To
be executed and enforced by National authority, and
cAun0i Oc limited or controlled rs stat" authority.
Wuat We claim l. that In the south there prac
tcally wholesale nulEciton OF the last three
Amendments 10 the Constitution. and uulic ton ot
the provisions of the Constitution and laws to secure
ciZ,uS the rihts freedom ~ speech ana frce press.
aud their personal. cyii aud pOic rights, especially
OF tacir light vote We say That tho south. Win the
and defiance or the Constitution aud laws Of the United
The position OF the South almost rs dangerous the
peace Integrity of the Union now as II WAS in 1860
IAen Tie un openly procialmed - pdrposc to s-code
from the Union Threatened 90 do so hroac up tao Demo
crate Convention, pu IN nomination a'owed Sec ssion-
ISIS ana prsf ior an armed conct VITA tue Grlefa
GOfeiLmtuL No" 81 conirO.iing hiuoH.l III SOME "I
Ac s1Ihcfu states bias nui hcd a thc Constitutional
hicunntHs, VINO" were tLe ruil' ni tht wa tnu iis
reduced The body of the negroes OF The south O.
condition but htue bc.scr Than inai oi siNeN> IN
state, diSiici- ana counties WIcfr hr negroes aIe
tn ine majority, tiey are ovcraw"d by an armed
aid Organized minor y svcri! state. have put up"n
heir siaiutebpo9s au ingenious series "l Laws "hicn
max. u i iclit ior he negro i1,e 10 su'nee "a @ lis
WRONGS 10 Re Hubcans. While and black aud 10 ali men
who have tue courage OF tncir 0p.ulOn, wcud occupy
M Oh" whole evening IN some Oi ihe al tej lave
devised in ingenious system "f pol-aXr,' ny whiru zen
Gays labor from poor is required OF the roads.
whe t.e p.opely OF l'G pl'nier ra{s ngtIins %iI,-
not required e. la,or. bur the blacks
PRESENT CONDITION OF TIFF SOUTH.
The school system wulch was started by the Rcpuhi-
party AFTER reconstruction IS practically abandoned.
ana OF the Southern states the whole popua-
ton ~ growing up IN the most dangerous Ignorance.
The scnootax levied n Arkansas Is bu G2& cents per
capita; IN North Carolina, O. cents; IN Alabama.
Il O2; in Georgia, Il 10; IL Tennessee S1 5s IN Vr-
rinia. Il Os and in Kentucky, 81 You Will compre-
bend these when tn you that the State OF Mic
gan. which has about the same population
as North Carolina nays onc-hIH rs much
for the support Of 'os the entire south. Iowa
alone PAYS nearly much as the whole South. New
IorG Bays oEe-haf million more tAAn al the States
stc.y "a rebellion. with Maryland. West Virginia and
Missouri aturd. kaura- with school population
about tue same Arkansas. pays twelve timcs
much f'r the sllnort ot common schools. Arkansas
hld last lOl5 Tess schools than "a lS72. wnen the
STATE "A yoitr .:rhai Is l,gzc franiI So ia is and
1t would re part of thr policy OF that party TO
Seepln igu"amce the sat masaes OF their people but,
in ,pte of il, 100000 coorcd youth receiving
instruction. aud over 300 are M professional schools.
and thousands are receiving collegiate Instruction. THIS
l. the hopeful fthc times ~ the South for
snowlrdge inspired by tnc love Of liberty, viii make
itself ieii IN due time IAppausc
The laws relating 10 indOrd AMI tenant are more op-
pres-ivr than the land avs OF Ireland. which drove
large proportion OF brave and gallant people from The
lana oI thcr piIth IN" hhdhv drI' teheIahy refuse
-ll and To- the clOrcd people, ana the annual rent
exacted IN many one-iourth OF the value OF the
land Tne crops rtgaged IN such way tnat u Is
impossible thar the abOrcr cnn have any thing 40 the
end of his years labor however tOs0ne ana cXactlng;
and then for his cro ne Is pd me lowest plge III sep
which VII huv but tle more II any tnan 90 cents on
the dollar O money! and the pr"ht ~ shared between
the landholdcr and the trader
Tho rirht Of freedom OF speech has been 30 abridged
wrongs OF The law devised by the Pulling oass. c0uld be
made IN these Solthern States wh0ut dansrr OF le or
liberty The rlght OF the people pcaccaby to assruDe
nd a. discuss grievances ovcraved 10y the presence
OF ricclubs, armed equipped with mnrdcrous In
the mails are tampercd with, rs before
the gar. TO destroy speeches and documents winch
IL nay brOu.y yet truly stated that The Conshtu-
tional amendments Hrvs been practically nuitled In
many Of States sp1 that the rebels or the
south are riding rOngh5hod not only over the
rights of the coOred people, but oyrr tue rghts OF
shown by the testimony taken by Congress Ona COM
mttees. by the newspaper press aud by the open
uvOWsls Of the men engaged lii these crimes
The murders OF men, white and black, for po-
litical opinions and acts have been numerous. and
not has tern punished put IN peril fOr -ucn
crimes The murder OF Chisolm and mis- family aud OF
Dixon arc only prominent instances OF such or mes
The bloody o many poor back shOt 10 deatu Tor
exercising political rights conferred by the Consttu
UuIted States Is scarcely deemed worthy OF
passing record ana OF trlal or punishment Tis
open defiance OF the laws OF the United states not cOu
fined political but extsnds 10 our revenue Laws
.nfii Df ne
Wnue Their lives are III constant PERIL
The nunLer Of stills sezcd. persons arr sIe FOR hict
disulng, and casualties to Oicc's ana cmpoyes In the
Southern states, from July l, 1876 10 neptenDrr J.
1879 the latest date wnicn icted reports have