The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1879-07-27
THE POLARIsCOPE
ls applied in Determining the
Value ard Grades Of I'm
ported Sugars.
BY HON. 3. Il. AgKLEN.

BY HON. 3. IL. ACKLEN. I
What the Secretary Of the Treasury shall
" may use I'll determining whether OF no the
sugars imported as below the proposed line OF
distinction marked by No. - D. s., IS not
matter Of great interest to the country ~
large. &c long as the results desired are oo-
tanned. Chemical analysis Of is eonssfeoe.,se
will at all times enable him to aeearaesiy NJ
terrafrs the percentage OF cfgseAaitAfAo.9
snear contained either ID q pound or q cs1lso'
rut a a.1ffieieftfY accurate test caH aiWayo 49,
had ~ that admirable Instrument ealt'a -
r,nlarfseone. While It's merits as a besS ~ eiio
sa1oharina strength OF sugar haVe ooo1
traaff1u heralde2 By many, its dei6cbs as O I
$500 a,,o,aaads for the collection of Gu6ses
49,. pssr, rointed out by others. We WILL *
ayoire n from both sbandpoints.
Noru m the application Of this instrument
- aafernatr,g the amount OF pure erystaliiza-
Me s,7gar ID given volume OF sugar " ealie
e,ol,1ffor. the following process is necessary.
ua;ght Of cane sugar crystals, 26,U4o
80 raraes dissolve IN 100 cubic eentlmeterso OF
wafer. gently heating the preparation, aad
acetate of lead sufficient to pfeeipItate; litter
througf, prepared bonedust TO CLASSIFY,
ref1rce to the proper temperature, and fill
otass t,1f,e 200 railIimeters In length with the
solution, place the tube IN the poiaflseope,
turn on the light, look through and ADJUST
the instrument until both hernlspheres OF the
circle That appears in the Instrument 90 De
divided nv a dark line present to the eye pre-
e;sely the same shade OF color. The test u
then completed, the per cent OF pure sugar
will be found registered u degrees ana Ifae-
tfors on the scale attached to the potaflseope'
and may be read through the maghlIylhg
Tribe. One hundred degrees represent entlfe-
ly pure sugar crystal In solution.
Manyo OF the reasons urged against tne use
~ t,is instrument for the collection OF duties
are well taken. and lii so far as they apply TO
fts use for gaugtng the value e ~ sugars
SuDoyted. there can be no doubt whatever tnat
1t would open still wider the gates ZOE 1faads
r,ror1 the revenues. But this is not at all the
question at issue. ,..a-.4
Fl 10 nroY,erty desired to use this instrument
on grades not above No. 13 y. =, and Only
then when In the opinion 81 the secretary ~
is necessary 70 ASCERTAIN WIsbHsE 1hs sns 80 80
nse Of this Instrument was agreed upon oy
committee representing the Boston tfaGs.
IL commences Id the first instance with
duty Of I.75 CENTS per pound On an sugars n9S
above No. Is, Dutch Standard, ln coiof. aHa,
testing By the polariscope, rot above 20 10
saccharine strength, Wllieh rate WOMB coz.
prise all tank bottoms, eoncreGes, syEups y,
cane Juice me!ada, eDnesntrafea meiaao, aaa
all grades OF sugar below NO y, ptbeh oeaafa-
ard and IS the same III amount IA cents as
ia now levied on all these products under sne
existing tariff. On all sugars, Eesblag 6y Inc
r,oIariscope above 1872 In saeenaflne sefeb2eLi'
IL is further proposed to levy uflIoFla ~.
crosse Of tariff OF 100 OF a cent per pound
fennivaIent TO cents per 100 pounds} ZOE eaca
degree I'D to $50; and arranged Id bne FORM ~
q table the specific rates Oh duty, accoFdlhg. 70
this system, for each degree OF saeehafihs
strength between 70 and 80, would appear ~
follows.
Oh all syrups, molasses and sugars nos
above No - Dutch standard III coloT, GU
testing by the poIarlscope not above - 1. g
cents per pound; testing ABOVE a. Dug t ~
aF,r,ya Teo 80 cents, above 49, and NOT above
T7o fs5. above ~ and not above V I'D,
above T3o and not above 79o 195, above " afIf.
not above 800 q above 8oo and not anove n
2D5. above 81 and not above ~ ~, apovs
800 and not above 83o 215, ABOVE W ana Dot
above $40 2.20, above 81 and NOT ABOVE "
2,25. above 85o and not above 80 ~, soovs
.so and not above 81 30, ABOVE - and hol
aplnye 500 D 4D above 88S AID not aDOVe55 zfo
above 3go and not above 9oo 2.5n w. apoVs "
ana not above a12 o. So, above 81 and no'
ahovs $50 $50. above 90 and NOT above ~
165 above. 935 and not ahove a. 2. ~, anovf
a49 and not above95o 2.T5, above r. ana no
above 96o $50, ABOVE 969 and Itos aooge "
Ia above Or and not above IS 2.ae, ABOVE
a8s and NOT, above 99o 2.a5. On all sugars
above No 10 Dutch standard NOE ABOVE No
1s Dutch standard 325 eents, aboVe ~. y
Tutfh standard not above No ~ DutcH syn
ard2 Is. above No. % Dutch standard and OF
4 on
s,Eave glo der gallon 6, NOT above 5e' per gal
Many of the objections urged against tn
general application Of the poiar1seope, a
proposed in the above tabie, are, ~ AsSV
already said, we'll taken
let US examine some o. t1sIa
The addition OF iass . tr1fie q water NOR
than the proper quantity when fhe tests ar
being made, and The grace cah q ioss ~ 81 !
the addition OF little more sugar and
could readily be raised This difference % OF
degree or two. when each degree frofa 10 O
400 bears an increased duty, WOULD pe q yer.
great temptation to dishonest feaaefs y
Srihe and corrupt the government ofIel&is 9
sIioftlg vary the gauge in their favor; aEa a
some handle many faillion pounds OF saga
rer annum, these differences Ia thts course S
q year would amount TO hundreds OF bhoe
sands OF dollars. ~. rz.,
however. as have appeared iD some afticae
are only deserving of contempt.
Here is a sample: ~ order 70 accufatei
determine. the grade Of q cargo Of raw stlga
Nv the polariseope test, the whole cargo mus
BE- reduced to a prepared solution. OF u
proper proportions Of sugar, OF can
water and acetate Of lead, and sam Iis
thereof be tested, and, IT ~ Iufbher sa.a
aTShat. without providing further safeguard
which do rot nov exist, to use the POLAR.
scone Wossld be to prostitute a beautiful an
ysl1able scientific !zstrum ent and the sclene
Of chemistry to base purposes OF fraaa
and further statements that it Is utterly us
less AZ a teet, because 1t is unable to deSet
ss,1eh authorizations as glucose, grape suga
fioslr. starch, etc, may be placed along WIZ
other paeeiEe eriElttsaa.
nresanf III rev cane sugar the polarization
Effected Il. e. acreased1 in sseh q manner !