davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07

enough harm to warrant much ex-
pense in killing it. Paris green, IN a
LIQUID form, or carbolic acid diluted
and sprayed upward through the
plants will be found the most effect
i've AMI economic way, to kill the
worm. A sprinkling machine run
through the rows on wheels, and
worked when the first brood of
worms appears, will go far 10 pro-
tect the crop for the balance of the
year. Paris green, put on dry, is too
expensive, and difficult to get to the
leaf beneath where the young worms
and eggs are to be found. Care
must be taken with the handling OF
Paris green, as it is skin poison as
well as fatal, when taken internally.
1t has been found the most effective
for the worm, and was recommended
by Professor Riley. Kerosene, if it
be well mechanically mixed with water
is also good if sprayed or sprinkled
on the plants. Where water is
scarce, as on some plantations which
rely on wells, the expense of wet
poisoning will be increased, Care
should be taken to keep the poisons
from the seed cotton, but these rem
edies should be used only against the
first crop of worms before the bolls
OPEN. The government should con-
slider. Professor Grote thinks, whether
in the event that the immigration
theory of Professor Grote proves
true, it would not be well to employ
extraordinary means to destroy the
worm in special localities when tap
pears early and in numbers. In this
way the uorthward progress Of the
worm. would be effectually checked
by destroying the first brood. A
system of quarantine would be thus
established. If the worm comes late
these extraordinary efforts would not,
be needed. The insect is found in,
the fly state in the Winter, but these.
flies die. before the young cotton is
up in the Spring. The young cotton
never shows the true cotton worm
Consequently the worm in the Sum-
mer, must be produced from fres h
flies coming from the southwark
Savannah Neocs.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07
The Cotton Worm.

Professor A. r. Grote, agent of
the department of agriculture at
Washington, and vice-president of
the American Association for the Adj
vancement of Science, whose arrival
in the city was noted a few days
since, is engaged in the work of col
Letting data relative to the cotton
worm and the diseases of the cotton
plant, to which he has long paid at
tention. According to Prot. Grote,
the cotton worm (Aletia orgsllacea,
OF Hubner), is a native Of Brazil, the
West Indies and Central America,
where the cotton plant is perennial.
Its ravages were very great in the
French West Indies at the close of
the last century, and induced the mi
grafton of French families from Mar
Unique to Georgia in 1902. The
theory brought forward by Professor
Grote is, that the insect comes in the
fly state yet every year. This fly
deposits its eggs and produces the
first brood, which in southwestern
Georgia occurs sometimes as early as
the latter part Of June, but on the
coast later.
This year not until the first of Sep
TENDER, was the first worm seen on
DR.. Lawton's plantation near Savan-
nah. The worms are the product of
the eggs deposited on the under side
Of the cotton leaf by the fly. In
about three weeks, these worms web
up and become a block chrysalis in a
thin cocoon between a fold in the
leaf, and hatch out as a fly again
This new fly, born in the south
moves northward as a general direc-
ton, and in this way. the country is
overrun by The several ensuing
broods. The fly has been found, by
Professor Riley, to suck the honey
from little gland on the midrib Of
the leaf below. There are two gen.
eral aspects of the cotton worm ques.
ton, according to Professor Grote.
First, for the individual planter; the
next for the consideration of the
government. AS to the first, he can
only use poison when the worm APP
pears; if it comes late it win not do
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07
THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIST.

of immediate distribution to the soil.
The effect is not to make the phos-
phoric acid any better Tor the plant,
but to make given quantity OF it
feed more plants in less time than
would happen with bones not sui
phated. The nitrogen of the bones
is also rendered more rapidly acces-
sible to plants by this treatment.
The ultimate effect of acting on bones
with sulphuric acid is the same as
that of extreme pulverization. Bone
flour is as actual and effectual a fer
tilizer as the stipulated bone. The
reason why bones are ever used I'M
dissolved is simply because under
many circumstances it costs less to
do so. In other words, given
amount of money and labor expended
in raw bone often goes further and
does better than when put into sui
phated bones.
3. The difference is, that dissolved
bones contain :wo to four per cent.
of nitrogen, of which South Carolina
rock is destitute. The relative mon
ey value depends of course upon how
they are made, or what quantities OF
nitrogen and soluble phosphoric acid
they contain. Nitrogen in snlphated
bone is worth % cents per pound in
our commercial centers, while solu-
BILE phosphoric acid is worth but 123
cents. The relative fe, tilizing value
depends upon the soils and crops they
are applied to. When nitrogen alone
is needed to make crop, the South
Carolina rock would OF course have
no fertilizing value.
4. There is no occasion toadd gyp-
sum, unless more is wanted them the
usually small dose of dissolved bone
would supply.
5. The white portions of bird dung
consist of urate of ammonia. If
mixed with quicklime, ammonia will
be copiously set free, and go off as
gas, urate of lime remaining; but if
the mixture be mixed and covered
with abundance of moist loan, the
ammonia will be retained in the lat
ter.
6. No, none whatever. The richest
superphosphates may be quite free
from strong odor.
7. Eight to twelve per cent. OF
available phosphoric acid usually i'm
plies 40 to so per cent. of gypsum
2 to q of potential ammonia implies
80 or 40 of animal matter, and 81 to
4 of potash implies s to ~ of sui
phate or muriate of potash. Then 20
per cent of moisture, and l to 5 of
sand or soil, are practically INSOFAR
able from most commercial fertilizers.
Country Gentleman.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07
Work to One End.

Every planter of tobacco should
plant to one end: or, every planter
should have a speciality. Let some
raise chewing tobacco, another smok-
ing tobacco, and another leaf for
wrappers, etc. but, whatever you
choose, first select your seed, looking
to that end-all experience proving
that the quality as well as quantity,
of all vegetable products. lies poten-
tally in the seed. Still, we are
aware that, in the article OF tobacco,
location, manures, and culture are
powerful agents to give color and
quality. To make fine tobacco, Sc
lect high, dry land, plow shallow
from four to five inches deep), ma
nure lightly. To make quantity IT.
respective of quality, select heavy
loans or stiff clays; pillow deep with
three heavy horses, turn the soil even
with some clay, for eight to ten in.
ches deep.-America,a Farpssr.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07
Bones and SuperphOsphates.


Please answer the following que
ries:
l. What chemical changes take
place when 100 pounds of raw
ground bone are dissolved with sui
phuric acid Is sulphate of lime
(gypsuna) formed, and what proper
tion
2. Is bone made more available
for the plant food by the use of acid .,
and if so, why is it ever used undis-
solved?
3. What is the difference between,
and relative value of dissolved bone
and dissolved South Carolina rock ?
4. Is it advisable to mix gypsum
with superphosphate before using, or
is there sufficient quantity already
present
5. Is it proper to mix wood ashes
with hen manure, and it not what
are the chemical changes that make
it improper '''s9sa. ag@
g. Is the strength Of theodor from
a superphosphate a good test of its
agricultural value ? ~sg,s...
7. In an. analysis like the follow
ing, where only from 131 to Isl per
cent. of available chemicals is given,
what is the probable value Of the
balance of the 100 parts for agrlcul-
tural purposes !? ah
Available phosphoric acids to Y per ct.
Ammonia tpetential) ....-..-2 to %
Potash TX. o. 81 to 4
You will oblige me and probably
many others by giving full and prac-
tical answers to the above. c. e. L.,
Berryvizle, "a.
+ Ansaoer 5y PRoF. S. W. JOHNSON,
Sheffield Scientific SCHOOL,
l.. Raw ground bone is somewhat
variable in composition, but contains
abOllt as follows.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07

flour of sulphur, then took small
mop and rubbed all the parts affect
ed, and, to my delight, / soon found
the insect loose, and it entirely dis
appeared. The trees soon put out,
and at present have nice, vigorous
young growth, and the disease shows
no sign of return.-Job,a w VeGch,
IN South florida Cstizen.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07

When finely ground raw bones are
treated with somewhat diluted sui
phuric acid, they are not dissolved,
in the strict sense, but they are disin-
tegrated, and their phosphates are so
cha, ged chemically as to be dissolved
upon adding large quantity of wa
ter. The chemical changes depend
somewhat on the quantity of. sui
phuric acid that is used. For agri-
cultural purposes the point is to rem
der a. good share Of the phosphoric
acid soluble in water as cheaply as
possible. To accomplish this, the
bone must be mixed with diluted
sulphuric acid enough TO take away
from the bone. earth (tricalclc phos-
phate) two.thirds of its lime, making
Herewith sulphate of lime (gypsum)
and leaving superphosphate of lime
(monocalcic phosphate). Before the
sulphuric acid will touch the phos-
phate it must decompose the carbon
ate present, converting its lime into
sulphate. Six pounds of carbonate
of lime require, in gound numbers, 6
pounds of oil vitriol for this purpose,
and the product will be pounds of
gypsum. To convert the so pounds
of phosphates into superphosphates
will require &c pounds of oil of Wit
riol, and the result of this CONVEX
sion will be 40 pounds of monocal-
cic phosphate and 4S4 pounds of
gypsum. The Sc pounds of phos
pilates and carbonates will thus
yield, with 26 pounds of oil of Wit
riol, SCI pounds of gypsum and 40
pounds of monocalcic phosphate. The
excess of the latter 964 pounds over
the former 80 pounds is due to lS9
pounds Of water, which the gypsum
and the monocalcic phosphate take
into chemical combination, and
which is provided for by dlluting the
sulphuric acid with twice its bulk of
water before mixing with The bone.
The above result is never quite
reached, because owing to the coarse
ness of the bone and the bulk of the
gypsum formed, perfect admixture
and contact between the phosphates
and the sulphuric acid is not attain
able. More sulphuric acid will effect
complete solution OF the phosphoric
acid, but in practice that is not advis-
able. a
2. Bone is certainly made more
available as plant food, because it is
made more soluble, and thus admits
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-05-07
(COncIuded.)

SCALE INsECT-For the benefit of
your readers and those troubled with
the scale insect, l will give them a
little experiment at their destruction.
About two months ago i took some
salty grease. and stirred in little
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14

was an. indictment for fornication and
bastardy on oath of Catherine Hoffman.
This misdemeanor which Is ancient 40
the moral law, and which manifeste
itself In even the best regulated com
munitles with as unerring certainty as
the mutnps and measles has in the
annals of time been charged against
Jew and Gentle, Greek, Barbarian.
Puritan and Cavalier, and to- day h al
ways preponderates In the list Of cases
before criminals courts. Plff. resisted
the charge, and was found not guilty,
but directed to pay costs of prosecution.
District Attorney Wallis for CON-
Smiley for deft.
Commonwealth vs. VIM. Mutzabaurh
was charge of surety of the Peace ON
oath of VIM. Duncan. After hearing
deft. was directed to pay costs, and enter
into recognizance for good behavior in
sum of 500.
Jacob w. Spiangler VS.. The Borough
of Bloomfield, was case well known to
the public. Plff. was the man who fell
over the wall into the cellar on the
burnt corner of the public square of the
Borough of Bloomfield on a dark rainy
night in the month of March 1878. He
sustained serious injuries which were
shown by medical testimony on the wit
hOSD bldnOtdIO w lCCONCi OhtldtkCb lucIt-
fore he brought suit His counsel claim
ed damages on the grounds of negligence
in the Borough in permitting man
trap to exist along the sidewalk without
guards or barriers to protect passers by
Deft. denied negligence as question of
law because the excavation was on prl-
vate property, and also claimed that
there was contributory negligence on
the part of deft. there being light suffl-
cient thrown on the pavement to enable
a prudent careful man to see his way
Judge Bucher before whom the case was
tried reserved the question of law, and
the Jury found a verdict for plff. for
$500 damages. A motion for new trial
was made and rule to show cause why
Judgment should not be entered non,
obstante veredicto. Barnett for plff-
Sponsler, Junkin and Potter for deft.
Frank w. Gibson VS.. ID. M. Rine-
smith was a suit growing out of the
purchase money due from deft. to pltE.
for certain real estate. This ease was
fully developed at former trial, the
history of which was then given to the
readers of this paper, and need not now
be repeated. Deft claimed that he owed
plff. a balance of 40, which he could
not pay over on account of its being at
tached in his hands by plffs. creditors.
Verdict for plff. for $317 740.-McIntire
and Markell for plff.-Seibert and Bar
nett for deft.
In the case of George w. Smiley VS..
w. HI. Dewalt, which was tried some
time since and verdict recovered by
Plff. the court had reserved point Of
law, and Deft. made = motion for q new
trial Judge Junkin read lengthy
opinion deciding the point of law in ia
vor of Plff and also overrued the mo-
tion for new trial. Barnett and Smi-
ley for Plff.-McIntire for Deft.
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14

iunIata County We copy the follow
ing from the Juniata county papers Of
last week.
A few days ago, while Alexander
Rodgers, was crossing the shaft of u
threshing machine, that was at work,
at the barn of William Pufienberger, In
Fermanagh township, his clothes got
fast ON the shaft, and he was whirled
around with great violence four times.
Fortunately for his life, his clothes gave
way, and he was released from the pow
err of the shaft. He was a good deal
hurt.
james Keiser, of this borough, was
almost overcome by the cold last Thurs
day evening while on his way from
East Salem. He turned In to the home
of Davis Kaufman In Walker township,
and fell, insensible, against the door of
the house. He was taken in, and his
frost-bitten feet and hands bathed in
cold water, which revived him. If he
had gone a half mile further on the road
be would have perlshed. = M6iinto,On
Sentinel
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14
DEATHS.

FoosE.- On the 9Th inst, in Bloomfield Mr..
Isaiah FOOse aged So years, months and day.
LOURMER-At Duncann0n, on the Sth inst.
Annie daughter OF Thomas and Mary A. Lou
mer, aged IL months and rs days.
MUTzABAUGH. AT Duncannon. on the 2nd inst,
Bessie Gertle, daughter OF David and Mary N.
Mntzabaugh, aged l3 months and days
THOMPSON.-On the 29Jh ult. in Newport,
Charles infant son OF David and Catharine
Thompson, aged days.
LoUDEM.--On the 2Oth ult., in Hartford county,
Md; Mr.. Jas. Loudon, formerly OF Newport.
aged II years.
RoDESIzER the 10th nit, in Duncannon,
Sylvester kodenizer, aged years, months and
days.
LIRMRR On the 10Th ult, in Duncannon, Min
ME r., daughtey of Thomas and Mary A. Ldrmer
aged years, 10 months and 81 days.
sTAMBAUGH.-In Galloway county. Mo-, on the
23d ult., Mrs. Mary Ann Stambaugh. wife OF Alex
ander Stambaugh, formerly OF this county, aged
so years m nths and IL days.
BEAvER-On the 3lst ult in Greenwood town
shlplGeorge Beav:r. aged 76 years, months and
SHUMAN.- On the End inst, in Millerstown,
Harry, son of I. b. and Sallie A. Shuman. aged
2 years, s months and 2t days.
WOLF On the 2nd inst In Newport, WillleJ.,
son Of Mrs. kebeeea Vol. aged 10 years. 5
RIsTIeE-in Iowa on the sOth Of Dec, 1878 Mrs
susanna Rstine formerly OF Wheatneld twp. this
county.
soUDKR.-In Rye twp. on the 9TH inst Mr.. Hen
ry Souder aged about 20 years.
BOGea-In Union Hollow about four miles
south OF bloomfield. on the Iith Inst, Beckie wife
ofJacob Boggs. aged IS years months and Is
IUPrER. the 10th inst. near Markleville,
Bella Maude, daughter Of Jesse II. Lnpfer, aged
years, month and II days
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14
MARRIAGES.

FRITz-KIsER.-On the lst by Rev. J. Frazier.
Mr.. Martin Fritz to Miss Elizabeth Kiser, all OF
Perry county.
DIMM-UIsH.-At the house of the BRIDES pa
rents, ON December 10th, 1878. by Rev. ID. s.
LintZ, Mr. w. W. Dimm 10 Miss Emma Ulsb.
BnLOw-MAeNBR.-InL Liverpool on december
26th, 1873 by Rev. ID. S. Lintz, Mr.. w. w. B0w
to Miss Jennie Wagner, both OF Hunters Valley,
this county.
CoMP-G RUBB.-At Venango, Kansas on the 24th
OF December, MIR: Martin Comp, OF FRANKLIN Co.
Pa, TO Miss Sue f. Grub, formerly OF Perry Co.
DERR-SNYDER.-on on the 9th ult., at the resi-
dence OF the brides parents, by Rev. f. s. Linda
man, Mr.. Reuben Derr, of near Newville, Cum
berland Co., TO Miss Isamah Snyder, Of near
Andersonburg, this county
BowER-MARTIN-On The End inst, at the resi-
dence Of the BRIDES parents, by the same, Mr.
Miles Bower, OF near Blain, to Miss Sale Mar
tin OF near AndersOnburg.
FLICK lEGEK-kRoH the 26th ut;, at the res
dence of the brides parents, by Rev. j. L. Kretz-
ing,W. IL. Flickinger, of Cumberland Co. former
ly Perry county, TO Miss Jennie M. kroh, o. this
county
HEIMBACH.-SMTH.-Att the Reformed Parson-
age, Newport in 1873, by Rev. j. Kretzing Mr.
Charles III Heimbach OF Rope Ferry TO Miss An
ME j. Smith, OF Milford
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14

PUBLIC SALES.-Bills for the sale of
Real and Personal Property have been
printed at this Office, as follows
Saturday, Jan. 95th-Joseph Newcomer, Ag't
for Esther Webber will sell at Loysville
quantity of household furniture.
Tuesday, January 2Sth-Frank d. Yost, Ad-
mlnistrator of the estate of Geo. Yost t,dec' d.,
will sell in Spring twp, tract of land con-
tanning 54 acres.
Saturday, February 22nd-Chas. and Daniel
Gelbach, on the premises, in Wheatfeld
twp, will sell Horses, Cattle, and gener-
al assortment of farming implements.
Monday, March 3rd-The Executors of the es-
tate of Bernard Roth, decd, will sell on the
premises, one mile South of Blain, large
amount of personal property.
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14


Cumberland County.-We copy the fol-
lowing from the Cumberland county
papers of last week:
Daniel Gilbert made a narrow escape
while assisting James Koons, of New
ton township, to saw wood with horse
power. His pantaloon leg was caught
by a nut and entirely torn eff. The
cloth yielding doubtless his life.
One who was out skating on Tuesday
last tells the story that a young carpen-
ter Of this place, who was engaged in
cutting ice on the dam at the cave, stood
on a cake of ice while he cut it Off OF
course it tilted and the young man went
in swimming.
On bitter cold Thursday evening
boy whose years should have given him
better sense, induced little son of
James M. Masonheimer to apply his
tongue to the top of the fire-plug at the
corner of Pitt and Pomfret streets. The
lads tongue froze fast to the iron at
once, and there he stuck until gentle
man passing by saw him, procured
some hot water and got him loose as
painlessly as possible. The little fellows
tongue was painfully injured, chunks
OF 1t having adhered to the plug, and
the blood issuing from the breaks gave
the top Of the plug sickening appear
ance.
fx.... L.. n. g. ~.
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14
Church Notices.

Preaching in the M. e. Church next
Sunday at 10a A. M. Sunday School 81 A.
M. Also Preaching at Mount Gilead q,
Landisburg Ct p. M.
Preaching by Rev. III. Sheeder in the
Lutheran Church next Sunday at 104
A. M. Also at Markelvile at 2 p. M.
Wednesday evening prayer meeting at
81 Sunday School at 81 A. M.
Preaching in the Reformed Oh urch
next Sunday at q o'clock.
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14
Brief Items.

The nail works at Duncannon were
idle last week.
The sleighing in this vicinity could
not be any better.
Juniata County Treasurer's salary has
been fixed at 5000.
A pair of horses belonging to VIM.
DeHaven, of Liverpool, recently died
from some unknown cause.
x Sleighs were last week passing over
the river on the ice from Perry cou nty
to Millersburg.
John McMullen. of the Upper End,
had his house consumed by fire not long
since, and Mrs. Lettie johnson spring
house by fire.
4 The roof of the Reformed Church, in
Blain, was blown off on the night of
the 3rd inst, and in its fall entirely de-
molished Rev. Frazier's sleigh.
Rev. r. Mcpherson will preach at
Blain, Pres. Church, Sunday Jan. 10th
at 104 o'clock A. M. No preaching at
Germantown.
j. N. Bistline, writing from Belle
Plain, Benton county, Iowa, says" Lots
of snow, weather very cold, the ther-
mometer being "a degrees below zero for
some days."
An interesting debate was held in the
Green Park School house on the eve
ming of the 18th inst. The members of
that organization are considered good
debaters.
An eighteen year old son of Stephen
Winters, in Licking Creek Valley, has
killed, during the past season, one wild
cat, three foxes, twelve coons, twelve
wild turkeys and lots of smaller game
He uses rifle.
The Festival at the Reformed Church
last week netted $500 to the Sunday
School. The ladies return their thanks
to the kind friends who sent them dona-
tions and to those who so literally pat
ronized them.
l.. ID. Woodruff, editor of the Johns
town Democrat, was in town last week.
Mr.. w. is graduate of the Perry Coun-
ty Democrat, of this place, and is at
present member of the Legislature
from Cambria county.
The ,Shippensburg Chronicle came to
us last week, looking better than we
ever remember having seen it. If this
Improvement comes from the change in
proprietorship we are glad of the change.
Mr.. ID. A. Orr is the new publisher.
x A bag containing two bushels and a
half of wheat was lost off the sled of
Mr.. David Tressler, of Centre township,
one day week before last, on the way to
Newport, and the finder has said moth
ing about it, but Mr.. It. is ready to hear
the report from it.
The upper end of the county report
the following large porkers; Thomas
Campbell, Toboyne, one weighing 52S
lbs. G. Droneberger one weighing 525.
Andrew Trostle Of jackson, three, one
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14
WheatfleId Township items.

EDITOR TIMEs:-Perhaps few lines
in your valuable paper from Wheatfield
township would be interesting to your
many readers.
A few weeks ago party from Cum
berland county moved portable saw
mill into a tract of timber land belong
ing to Geo. Jacobs, near the ruins of the
old Flo forge. 1t is said they intend to
work up the timber into lumber for the
Reading Railroad Company.
The cloverseed hulling machines have
about done hulling seed through here,
and generally obtained unusual good
yields, and If 1t brought good price it
would be something to rejoice over, but
the awful low price.
Sleighing has been very good and the
creek is covered with heavy ice.
OCCASIONAL.
The New Bloomfield, Pa. times. (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1877-188?, 1879-01-14

No New TrlaI.-The Supreme Court, In
session at Philadelphia, on Monday last,
rendering decision in the Shaffer rnur-
der case, from this county, affirming the
decree of the lower court. This fixes
the doom of Hezekiah Shafier, who
must hang on the day which will doubt
less soon be fixed by the Governor
franklin Repository.