St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1879-10-10

a few pence. Fares on the river, in or
on the omnibuses, and in the Metropoli-
tan OF Underground" railway cars are
very low.
THE TOWER OF LONDON.
At the Tower you are taken in charge
by one of the grotesquely arrayed
warders, or ''beef-eaters," as they are
popularity called, the name having been
derived from their ancient official desig-
nation as bafetiers, or attendants at the
royal table or buffet. The Tower COM
prises large group of ancient stone
structures, the outer range of which,
and some of the inner ones, are con-
nected by the walls. The White Tower
is large detached building in the cen
tire of the enclosure and there the ex-
tenslve armOries are situated. A much
longer time might be spent to advan-
tage in inspecting the great collections
OF arms and armor than the "beef-
eaters" are disposed to allow. Many
instruments of torture are here pre-
| ~. va oAio uioO UHO axe anu
fatal block. The gloomy dungeon in
which Sir Walter Raleigh was for twelve
years prisoner, is adjacent to Queen
Elizabeth's Armory. Queen Elizabeth
herself, when Princess, was imprison-
ed in the Bell Tower. Lady Jane Grey
was led out to execution from the Brick
Tower, and her husband, Lord Guild
ford Dudley, was confined in the Beau
champ Tower. In the Bloody Tower
the infant princes were murdered by
order of Richard I'LL, their cruel uncle,
and the Duke of Clarence, brother of
Edward ". was drowned in a butt of
Malmsey wine, it is said, within the
BOwyer Tower. Henry vi. is supposed
to have been put to death in the Record
or Wakefield Tower. Scarcely any part
of the gloomy old pile is free from some
murderous association or other. One of
the sights of the place is formed by the
Crown Jewels. This valuable colleo-
tion of gems is kept in the Record or
Wakefield Tower. The crown of Queen
Victoria, bearing no less than 2793 dia-
mOnds besides other precious stones,
and valued at over S55O,OOO, st. Ed
wards crown and golden staff, the
Prince of Wales's crown, the Queen
Consort's crown, several royal sceptres,
and many other costly baubles are to
be seen here, provided the guard will
let you stay long enough. The total
value of the collection is said to be
f3,O0O,OOO, or nearly S15,OOO,OOO.
ST. PAUL's.
st. Paul's cathedral is situated nearly
UIUy anu Jne outlook from its high
galleries, or lantern, is the finest to be
had in the metropolis. From no single
point can such a comprehensive idea OF
LondOn's vastness be obtained. The
great church itself is also full of inter-
est. 1t is smaller than st. Peters at
Rome, but is nevertheless 500 feet long
and $50 feet wide lat the transcript
while the cross above its massive dome
is lifted 4O4 feet high. Those mighty
warriors, Wellington and Nelson, are
buried in the crypt, near each other and
the dust of many other eminent men
soldiers, painters, divines and philoso-
pheIs-are also deposited here. The
"Whispering Gallery" to which most
of the party ascended, although they
| did Of oliu, II tn fha IN Of tho obnrah
is situated just within the base of the
great dome. After the dome was con-
structed, it was found that even a
whisper uttered Oh one side could be
distinctly heard upon the opposite side,
distance of 109 feet i'll a direct line.
The modern telephone beats this, how
ever, out and out.
WESTMINSTER ABBEY.
A long letter might be written solely
about Westminster Abbey, and yet an
other about the gorgeous Parliament
Buildings, but there is not space or
time for either. A visit to Westminster
Abbey is intensely interesting. More
than a score of monarchs lie buried
there, and mingled in the same earth is
the dust of England's greatest states
men, poets and scholars. Every nook
and corner of the edifice is crowded
with memorials of the illustlious dead.
Here, too, may be seen the chair in
which every English monarch from Ed
ward l. to Queen Victoria has been
crowned. 1t is quaint and clumsy old
wooden affair and beneath the seat is
the famous stone of Scone, the emblem
of the power of the ancient Scottish
princes. Relic hunters have whitfield
and hacked the old chair, and it would
be sorry place for prince to sit il
his good clothes, but it should be said
that on coronation days, the chair il
l covered with a cloth of gold. The cor.
OnatiOn ceremonies take place within
the Abbey.
THE MUSEUMS, ETC.
We visited the British Museum, tn,
magnificent museum at South Kensing
ton, the National Gallery, and man.
other interesting places, but l mus
omit descriptions of them, and also o
an account of delightful excursion t.
Windsor, and of visit to Spurgeon'
church on Sunday when Sankey wa
present. My letter is already too ex
tended. RANGER.