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The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15
SOLD IN OTTAWA by
OSMAN & HAPEMAN.

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The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

THE ARMY.-Gen. Sherman has prepared
and presented to the Secretary of War his an
nual report, from which we tractthis, on the
army:
THE eleven generals, 1859 officers, 20,j66
men and 233 Indian scouts, together with such
officers of staff as are assigned by the war de
partment with the troops, constitute the army
proper or the Combatlve force. All other parts
of the military establishment are provided by
law for special service more or less connected
with the army or militia, but are not available
for frontier defences. Thus, for instance, the
39i enlisted men of ordnance are in fact work
men at arSenals; the 1872 men of the engineer
corps are at Willet's point undergoing instruc
ton in torpedo practice and are not subject to
the division commander; the 456 men of the
signal corps are employed IN observing the
weather or in working telegraphs; the IA
ordnance sergeants have charge of old forts or
fixed magazines the l5i COmmissary scrgcants
are in charge of stores lS1 men are stewards
of hospitals the West Point detachment, 1S6
in number, is localized at the Military aCade-
nv: the prison guard at Fort LeavenwOrth
comprises 20 men, and recruiting dctachments
about 40 men, at Davis island, Columbus,
o. and Jefferson barracks Mo. These various
IdeIachments, aggregating 3463 enlisted men
of the highest grades compose about Onc-SlXth
part of the enlisted men provided by law for
the whole army, leaving 20,O99 for actual ser
vice. | mention these figures in some detail
because | know that it is the popular belief
shared by many members OF congress that we
have q, 900 men on duty. | have done all in
my power to reduce these attachments to the
lowest number possible, so as to afford more
men to our skeleton companies, but have found
it impossible, and | notice that similar de
tachments are reported on all army returns for
fifty years back There are 1870 companies in
the regular army. twenty-five thousand men
would give - to each which is as small "a
any company should be, and / earnestly re-
commend that you ask congress to so leglsate
that the $4,000 men provided by law may be
allowed exclusively for regiments of the line
and that special provision be made for these
several detachments as has already been done
for the signal service. The army cannot with
justice be held responsible for the work of 3d.
900 when SO large a fraction Is necessarily di-
verted 70 other uses perhaps of equal national
importance. The tables above referred to show
that the grand aggregate of the army roll IS
2ls7 officers and ~ 2G2 men on service and
3Ss officers retired
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

The PROTECTION Pocket Book, something new,
at Osman Il Hapemans.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

To KEEP SWEET PoTAToEs.-Get dry road
soil and thoroughly kiln dry it, and put pota,
toes in barrels or boxes, and put on sand and
shake 1t down well until every opening among
the potatoes is filled, and put them away III Il
dry room, where heat Will be such that mercu-
nv will not fall to 20 above zero.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

OATNEAL.-Oatmcal, says writer in the
Montreal Witness, is food of great strength
and nutrition, having claims to be better
known and more widely used than 1t Is at
present Ofmuch service rs a brain food, 1t
contains PHOSPHORUS enough to keep man
doing an ordinary amount of BRAIN work in
good health and vigor. All medical authori-
ties unite in the opinion that eaten with milk,
1t Is Il perfect food, and, having all the requl-
sites for the proper development OF the system,
it is pre-emincntly useful food for growing
children and the young generally. Oatmeal
requires much cooking TO etfectually burst Its
starch cells; but when it is well cooked 1t will
thiCken liquid much more than equal its
weight IN wheaton flour. The oats OF this
country are superior to those grown on the
Continent and the southern parts of England,
but certainly inferior 10 the Scotch, where con.
siderable pains are taken so cultivate them,
and It Is needless TO point out that the Scotch
are an example Of a strong and thoroughly ro-
bust nation, which result is justly set down as
being derived from the plentiful use of oat-
meal DIR. Guthrie has asserted that his coun-
trymen have the largest heads of any nation
in the wurld-not even the English have such
large heads which he attributes To the uni
veIsal use OF oatmeal rs universal It is being
found alike ON the tables of the rich and poor
i'm the morning the porridge and in the
evening the traditional cake.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

1t is poor economy to keep sheep after the
teeth become poor, unless they are very fine
breeders From five to six years is all that any
sheep can be protitably kept for wool or for
hrppiinp
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15
FARM AND GARDEN.

An old poultry raiser, who believes in milk
for fowls, says ut Is both meat ana
drink. Some of the finest chickens ever saw
were raised upon the free use OF milk with
their food. Hens lay as well, or better, when
furnished with this than upon any known ar
ticle offered them"
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

To KEEP BELTS SOFT.--To keep belts soft
and pliable, but little care is generally needed,
but "a little attention on this point would be
well worth the while OF many mill owners.
When belt is dry and husky, but still pliable,
little blood.warm tallow dried in by the fire
or by the heat of the sun, is all that is needed.
Belt, which have become hard and dry should
have an application Of meats foot oil mixed
Will, small quantity OF resin.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

SALTPETER FOR BLACKLEG.-Give each OF
your calves and yearlings a teaspoonful of
saltpeter once in three weeks, and they will
not be troubled with blackleg. The blood be-
comes too thick to circulate freely, and causes
a stoppage. Fever ensues, and the animal
dies. But the saltpeter thlns the blood and
coOls it,
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-11-15

Charcoal finely pulverzcd and mixed with
the feed of turkeys, meal or potatoes, is said to
aid greatly IN tattenlng them, and to improve
the flavor Of the meat.
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03

Another Solution.
MENUS.

.6C3 per cent of ! is 1, and 20 per
cent of / is one-lfteenth. If he spends
one-fftecnth more than half of his sal
ary he has remaining half of his salary
less One-iiftcenth or thirtcen-thirtieths,
which is S5.33; if thirteen-thirtieths
is 1888 thirty-thirtieths is $133O
The words 663 per cent. more than
half of his income mean 6Gs per cent.
Of half of his income more than the
half of his income, The words more
and less when used in similar questions
in percentage always have this mean
ing, as an examination of the leading
text books or the following examples
will show:
500 is 20 per cent more than what
Answer, Sl0J is % per cent. more than
$50, that is 500 is % per cent. of $50
more than $50.
a man spent 20 per cent Of 66s per
cent. more than SOLE means 20 of 66s
per cent. of S6.l5 more than S6.15,
but as the first expresses the same idea
much briefer aud equally as clear it has
been adopted in all modern text books,
and in the above problem 66s more
than one-half of his income means the
same as though it read 66s per cent Of
one-half of his income more than one
half of his income. j. +.
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03
"Grant Out of the WAY"

Col. John B. Brownlow was inter-
viewed few days ago by a reporter
of the Washington Pest with regard
to his reported conversation with Mr.
Childs as to Gen. Grants position in
connection with the next Presidency.
Col, BroWnlow said;
"Well, / had long talk with the
Generals most intimate friend, about
four or five weeks since, and he ex-
pressed himself very earnestly on the
matter. He assured me that Gen.
Grant was not candidate, ought not
to be one, and that he, as his friend,
was opposed 10 big being so regarded
under any circumstances. l am bound
to believe that Mr. Childs knew what
he was talking about, as he is known
to be nearer to Gen. Grant than any
body else You may, therefore, de-
pend upon it that Gen. Grant is out of
the contest"
"What reasons did Mr.. Childs give
for his desire that Grant should not
run ?"
"He said that the latter has money
enough to live on without the salary,
and could remain tic Grst Of American
citizens if he did not run, and though
he was of the opinion that he would
be elected it would hurt his prestige
with the people, among whom he
could wicld more influence as he is
than as President. The mud throw
ing incident to contest which would
be the bitterest that ever took place
would, he thought, permanently be-
smirch the General u
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03
Death of Mr.. John Martin

Mr.. John Martin, well known
citizen. died at his residence in this
place on Friday morning last, 29th ult.,
aged 81 years, 9 months and % days
He had been i'll for some time past
with what commenced in rheHmatism,
and, ending in dropsy, gradually wore
away his life. Mr.. Martin through
his whole life had been a very indus
trious and hard-working man at his
trade, that of brick and stone mason,
erecting perhaps more of the buildings
of this place and vicinity than any
other mechanic. He had the reputa-
ton of doing his work well, taking
great care in it, and it is said of him
that he never slighted his work OF
spoiled job. The last building he
worked upon was that of the elegant
and costly residence of Mr.. Bernard
Daugherty of this place.
As q man he was possessed of q
most determined will, his will power
being perhaps the most notable feature
of his character This was unyielding
when he conceived he was in the
right. As a friend he was a most
true and faithful man. From early
life he took an active interest I'D public
questions and political affairs, and
when yet quite young man, in 1851,
was elected Treasurer of the county,
over the late William B. Lennon,
Esq. In 1852 he was chosen a men,
Der of the Town Council of this bor-
ough, and in April, 1859, with the
writer of this he was member of the
Independent Douglas State Conven-
ton. In his political convictions he
was very firm and his strong common
sense always gave him much influence
with his fellow citizens.
He leaves behind wife and family
and a large circle of relatives and
friends to mourn his loss.
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03
Why Dixon Was Killed,
baltimore Americana

Baltimore American.
The murder of Dixon in Mississippi
has attracted public attention to de-
| gree only equaled by the killing OF
Judge Chisholm and his daughter by
gang of ruffians in the same State
| more than two years ago. Both
crimes were committed by men of the
same stamp-nominally representatives
of the best local society; really law
less set of Thugs whose moderation
of any opposition to them in politics
does not stop short of the spilling OF
blood. 1t is all very well for them
now to urge that Dixon was man OF
notorious bad character; that he had
taken human life by violence, and his
continued existence was a danger to
the peace and good order of the COM
munity. They never made these start
ling discoveries until Dixon became a
leader of an Independent political
movement, and as candidate for
Office solicited negro votes. That was
the offense for which he was foully as
| sassinated by Barksdale upon public
thoroughfare in Yazoo City. General
Singleton did not consider Dixon such
bold, bad man when, three years
ago, he thanked Dixon for the aid that
had been rendered by him in carrying
the district for the Democratic party,
whose nominee for Congress Singleton
was. The very men who compassed
the death of Dixon and are now show
ing him up as phenomenon of infamy
in 1875 presented him with set of
silver plate, on which was inscribed f:
"To the bravest of the brave" as a re-
ward for his services in redeeming
Mississippi from the rule of white
Radicals and negroes. Can any one
doubt that if he had not broken away
from the party his life would never
have been jeopardized? AS it was he
might have been safe if he had not
attempted to resurrect the Independent
movement after the mob had compelled
him to Withdraw from it at the muzzIe
of the shotgun A letter from his
wife, dated on July 29th, tells the
whole story. She says:
"But my heaviest trouble, to which
the burial of all my little ones would
be nothing, is about Henry. An armed
mob of 500 men from all parts of the
county came after him Friday last,
and at first ordered him to leave the
country, never to return. He told
them he was as good a citizen as any
of them, and would not leave. They
then started into our house, trampling
over me and my little baby, which we
supposed was dying. When Drs. Kel-
ley, Moore, Gadbcrry, Meyers and
Hudson proposed to the mob to spare
him if he would withdraw from the
canvass, some said: no, no; rope
himp Others yelled: Run him out
of the country Many speeches were
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03

mada to the mob by the most inhuen-
tial citizens who were opposed TO
Henry. and they finally agreed to
spare his life if he would withdraw,
which he had to do or be murdered.
Now. YOU can understand his feelings
under the circumstances. To be COM
pelled to knuckle down to vile mob,
headed by men of wealth, position and
influence, who ought TO be the best
friends to Us, Just because Henry would
run Independent Of the convention.
No one knows the end OF this Henry 5
friends are influential and wish to raise
an indignation meeting and demand
his rights, but | am unwilling that he
should risk his life in any such way.
We would leave the State this minute
if we could possibly get away"
This matter should not be treated
or discussed merely for what partisan
advantages may be derived from it.
The importance which it possesses far
transcends any such considerations.
Here we have State in the Union
wherein party despotism is so fierce
and reckless that it is worth a mans
life TO antagonize the dominate faction
even in a campaign for purely local
Office. "Vote with US, leave the neigh
borhood or order your coffin" is the
virtual demand of the political rulers,
and we have seen by the most practi-
cal proof that it can be terribly en-.
forced. No intelligent man can ven
tuFe to say that in a community 50
regulated there is such thing as
reign of the law or the protection oI
individual rights. 1t lives solely un.
der the despotism of the mob; freedom
is farce, and whatever privileges are
guaranteed to citizens are subject al
any moment tosbe taken away by the
mob. Nothing could prove the desire
of the majority to correct these shock
ing evils except the trial, conviction
and punishment Of Barksdale. II
cold blood he committed a premedi
tated murder. He was searching
for his man, and fired upon him al
sight. Moreover he was inspired tc
the deed by the very language of the
resolutions passed by the meeting o
the Yazoo City people, who applauded
the former bulldozing of Dixon, and
as much as said that to extingnish hin
Would be en- act deserving Of popular
thanks We wonder what Senator
Lamar, Gov Stone and the Judge:
who sit upon the bench in Mississippi
think of community in which it i;
possible for a crime of this kind to bt
done ana fhe guilty man iei 50 un
punished
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03
That Mathematical Problem.

Editors Citizen-The arithmetical
problem published in your paper of
last week has produced a sensation
and, as was probably intended, has
also developed diversity of opinion
as to its meaning 1t has been inter-
preted in two different forms, and both
constructions are defended with equal
zeal and ability. This is the real
question, and not its solution, when
clearly stated One party contends
that 663 per cent. means per hundred,
other, that it relates to the half, and
and not per fifty or half hundred the
not the whole or hundred, and thus
the real controversy is concerning the
meaning of the question. In other
words, one contends that 66a per cent.
refers to his salary, the other that it is
limited to the half.
When the meaning or force of words
is disputed one mode Of settlement is
to refer to some photographer Of ac-
knowledged authority. | therefore
consult Webster, who says;
Gent Natin ceatuna) hundred, as
ten per cent. the proportion Of ten
parts in hundred"
"PERcENTAGE, (from per cent, Latin
per centum See cent? Commonly
the allowance, duty or commission on
q hundred"
According to these definitions per-
centage is tn, rate, or ratio ef, on or
out of hundred, and not fifty or any
greater or less sum. Notes are drawn
every day which recite rate of inter-
est, as six or ten per cent, but l appre-
hend no one has seen a note written
by a person who has even an ordinary
knowledge of the English language in
which was added per hundred or on
the hundred Why? Because the
universal and well-known meaning of
per cent or percentage is per hundred.
This would be the boldest tautology.
Per cent. as per hundred, and nothing
else, unless it is clearly stated that
language shall not in this special in
instance mean what it does everywhere
else.
| ADMIT your question could be so
worded that 66S per cent. might be
forced to mean of the half he spent !;
thus man spends 20 per cent. of 66s
per cent of half his salary In your
problem as printed, 30 per cent. is
forced to apply to 66s, and so may 66s
be made (if proper words be used) to
refer to one-half or fifty, instead of one
hundred. This being, as we have
seen, the usual and ordinary meaning
of per cent, if an exceptional or arti-
fetal meaning be contended for, that
exception must be shown. General
rules prevail until it be shown the case
is an exception. If while good, brave,
1.-THE, per cent. or per ccntum, don't
mean what they usually do mean,
what they mean and why must be
clearly shown.
The problem, clearly stated in con-
formity to the meaning Of words, is as
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03
Indian No 2 After Mowry Estate

Indian No 2 After Mowry Estate.
Another claimant appears in Pitts
burgh after portion of the celebrated
Mowry estate, being this time Mrs.
Ogaw- -Baish-C Caw-N -No-Quay, and her
daughter Nancy, the alleged widow
and daughter of another Mowry that
seems in his youth to have gone to
Michigan.
The Pittsburgh papers of the 2Sth
ult. give the following statement OF
this new claim:
ANOTHER RAID ON THE MowRY ESTATE.
After the defeat of the Indian claim
ant, Cubba-you-quit, at a late term OF
the u. S. Circuit Court, it was thought
no further efforts would be made to
obtain possession of the valuable es-
tate of the Mowry family. In that
case. it will be remembered, the plain
tiff claimed under the Indian woman
named who attempted to show that
she was legitimate daughter Of Will
liam Mowry, deceased, who was the
heir to large tract of land in the sec
ton of the city that was once the
borough of Lawrenceville. Now the
other Indians, who seem to have re-
mained in the background during the
late struggle for the vast estate, come
to the front as heirs of one of the
Mowrys, and there is a good prospect
for another expensive and proiitless
law suit. A short time ago two In
dian women of Michigan, one claiming
to be the wife and the other the
daughter of Alexander Addison
Mowry, brother of William-whose
alleged descendants lately failed in
their efforts to get possession of his
share of the Mowry estate in this city
gave a power of attorney to one
Albert B. Upton, of Michigan, to
prosecute their claim to the said A. A.
Mowry's share of the said estate, con-
sisting of about forty acres in Law
rcnceville. The names of the claim
ants are Ogaw-baish-caw-no-quay and
Nancy Waw-se-che-waw-no-qpay. An
action in their behalf will be COM
menced shortly in the U. S. Circuit
Butler citizen. [volume] (Butler, Pa.) 1877-1922, 1879-09-03
The Bribery Cases.

True bills have been foknd by the
Grand Jury at Harrisburg against all
the parties the Legislature ordered pro-
ceedings against, for bribery and cor
rupt solicitation of members last winter,
and under The direction of the Court,
Judge Pearson, the Gfahd Jury also
presented for indictment the names OF
those members who had accepted
bribes, as was charged at the time.
This will canse the arrest and trial Of
those members who G6re pot expelled,
Messrs. Petroff, Smith, Rumbergss,
and perhaps others. So it would seem
there is to be a full investigation of all
charged With improper conduct during
the pending Of the Riot claims bill in
the Legislature last winter. fhe triai
of the cases, however, has been post
poned until November. In this matter
we have but to say, lot the Constitu-
ton and the laws be vindicated, strike
whom it may