The Indiana State sentinel., 1879-09-17
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q r n n Q H tt f5.s
DELIVERED BY
HON. FRANKLIN LANDERS,


y
say something in behalf of Democratic princi-
pies and policy. 1t affords me much pleasure
to respond to the Invitation, for in addition to
the love bear the Democracy, have the
highest regard for your gallant standard
s them a to to be brave in war and wise in council.
They fought the battles of the country In the
field, and they haye fought the battles a OF the
that body with General Rice. and / speak what
every man before me knows to be true, when
say that the country owes him much for his
civil ser vices. General Ewing bears an honor
ed name, and has added to Its luster by his
Iooses none of its briIliancy by being blended
with that of the manned and gallant Rice on
Ths platform upon which you are making
this canvass, while 1t is of special interest TO
and all the states OF this Union are interested
| in the decision of the people of Ohio at the
coming election @ 1n nave ane OF
ment in all these States because you have
boldly met the issue that has been forced upon
us by the legislation of the Republican party.
The right of the Federal Government to super
wise elections held within the several States,
and to control those elections by marshals and
supervisors appointed by the administration
in power, is revival of the old Federal doc
trlne of l7s7. While this is new doctrine
to this generation. it was a prominent
question with those who framed the constitu-
ton of the United States. The war of the rev
olution was supported by men differing in
their views as to the formation of the Govern
ment that should be established in case the
independence of the colonies was acknowl-
edged. This was openly proclaimed when
| they came TO form their organic law or consti-
| tuition. 1t was found that a large party which
| supported the war for independence was we'd
| ded to the British form of Government, and,
/ while desiring separation from the mother
country, still wished to retain all the forms OF
| that Government. Alexander Hamilton was
ber Of the convention that framed the consti-
| tuition he brought for ward his plan OF Govern
| ment III q speech delivered in the conven-
| ton in support OF his policy he used the fol-
| lowing LANGUAGE:
| Government, and aunihilate the State dis
tinctions and State operations, and unless we
do this, no good purpose can be answered;
| 81 foresee the difficulty a consolidated
| plan of having representation from SO extern
sive a continent to one place.
This, However, can be no conclusive objec-
ton If it eventuates in the extinction of State
governments
"I believe the British Government forms the
best model the world ever produced, and such
1 has been its progress in the minds of many,
sThis Government has for its object public
strength and individual security: 1t is said
| with to be unattainable. Ii 1t was once
| formed it would maintain itself.
"AH con munities divide themselves into
| the few and the many. The first are the rich
| and well born, the others the mass of the peo.
| pie.
"Can democratic assembly. who annually
| revolve in the mass of the people, be supposed
| steadily to pursue the public good?
"Nothing but permanent body can check
| the imprudence OF democracy. Their turbu-
| bulent and uncontrolllng disposition requires
| checks. Let one body OF the Legislature be
/
one executive be appointed (for life) who
dares execute his powers.
| "All State laws to be absolutely void which
contravene the general laws. An officer to be
| appointed in each State to have negative on
ali State laws. All the militia aud the ap-
| pointment of officers TO be under the National
Government. The people are gradually ripen-
ing in their opinions of governments; they
begin to tire of an excess OF democracy."-
Yates Debates of the Convention, pages ls2 to
l37.
Mr.. Hamilton's proposed scheme of National
| Government ddODted
| mittee OF the whole. and reported to the con-
| ventiou, the Federal Union advocates on
| June 90 I7s7, moved to strike out the word
| National" in the first resolve and to substi-
tute the words Government of the United
| StateS," which was agreed to- The National
| system of Hamilton was abandoned, and the
| Federal system was adopted.
Mr. Haves, in all his veto messages, uses the
word National" when speaking of the Gov
ernmsnt of The United States. In his veto
by the present Congress for the repeal OF the
law providing for the supervision by the Fed
eral Government of all elections held In any
of the States where members of Congress are
to he elected. he says:
"If this bill is approved, only the shadow of
the authority of the United States at the Ma
tional elections, Will remain-the substance
will be gone. The supervision of the elections
will be reduced to mere inspection. without
authority on the part of the supervisors to do
any act whatever TO make the election a fair
One."
In view of the fact that the word "Nation' y
is nowhere to be found In the constitution,
and that the convention that framed the con
stftution named the Government "the Gov
ernment of the United etates," it is strange
that our Republican friends have been Tor
years trying to educate the people up to the
doctrines of Alexander Hamllton-that this
Government is a Nation and not a Govern
is no limit to its authority. The Government
of the United states is one of limited
the people of the several States as to their
| State rights, that one of the first amendments
Wdes se a the Lowers not deieaaed rs nb
United States by the constitution, nor prohib
tied by it to the States, are reserved to the
States, respectively, or to the people.
All the power that the Federal Government
has is defined or provided for In the constitu
tion. By examining the constitutions, 1t Is
easy to draw the line of distinction between
the power of the Federal Government and the
specially reserved to the Federal Government
or denied to the States, belongs TO the States
The advocat.s of Nation, or of a strona
Government modelled after that of Britain,
were not to be siienced by their defeat in the
constitutional convention, but sought, from
time to time, the passage OF laws by the Fed
aside the rights reserved by the states. fhe, lei
advocated the quartering of troops at tht
In 1900, Michael Leib, of Pennsylvania, 8
German Republican, introduced q resolution
into the House of Representative in these
"Resolved, That a committee be appointee
to prepare and report bill containing sucl
dent either for removing any military force o
the United States from any place OF holding
electlOnS, OF IOr preventing tuelr interference
In such elections"
che resolution, after amendment by tn,
House, which was then controlled by tn,
| Federalists, was referred to a committee con-
, -sisting OF John Marshall, Lee. Leib and Otis o
. Massachusetts-two Federalists and one Re
publican. It was reported bacK by Marshall
March IA. l795, and passed the House.
The committee provided for in the resolu
! ton was duly appointed, and It drafted a bill
which was reported to the House in thes
ords:
"An &C. to prevent the interferencs of any
military force in certain elections.
"SectIon l. Be 1t enacted ETC.: That shall b
, unlawful for any military force of the United
, | States to appear around or embodied at tn,
!, place OF the day of holding an election TO
electors of the president and vice president o
the United States, or Of any member OF Con
| gress, or of the governor, or q member of thu
Legislature, of any Stale, or In any manner {.
interfere with such election.
"Sec 2. And be 1t further enacted: That 1
any body of troops shall be stationed in tht
neighbornood of the place where such election
> | may he held. and notice thereof be giYAu. IL