Daily globe., 1879-06-08
HOUSE, FARM AND GARDEN.
Setting Ont Trees.

-
The following practical directions for
transplantiug fruit trees are furnished by
P. Barry, Of the Mount Hope nurseries,
to the Rochester Democrat:
The Sol Of Fruit Trees-The averages
soil to be found in the garden of any
part Of our city is good enough in its nat
ural state. All it needs is good deep
plowing or spading, to fit it for trees. It
must be free from stagnant water No
,ne would think of permitting the garden
which surrounds his dwelling to remain q
swamp. For health's sake the drainage
must be perfect. The health of fruit
trees requires this too.
Hou 10 Plant inexperienced persons
are very apt to make great fuss over the
planting Of tree; or they will run to the
other extreme and cram it into the ground
as they would bean pole. Very COM
mon errors are planting too deeply
and applying manure around the roots.
No manure is needed at time OF plant
g-wait till the trees get to growing
and then apply the manure, if needed,
on the surface of the ground over the
roots. Dig hole large enough and deep
enough to receive the roots, spread out
In their natural way, and so that the tree
will stand no deeper in the ground than
it did in the nursery; than fill in good
surface earth among the roots carefully.
filing every space. When the spaces are
all filled al d the roots covered, then be-
gin to pack the earth as it goes in, and
keep packing firmly till the work is com
plete- To the errors have already men
tioned-deep planting, aad manure at
the roots-I will add the other-loose
planting, which is very general and very
fatal. Don't be afraid of making the
earth too firm about the roots
The Use Water in Planting-It is very
common to pour water around the roots
| OF tree at planting, without stopping to
inquire why. Unless the soil is extreme
ly dry, ip the spring, and the tree has al
ready commenced to grow, water does
more harm than good And right here it
may as well be said, If dry weather en-
sues after planting so as to effect the tree
do not sprinkle every day, but remove
two inches of the surface over the roots
and pour water enough to go clear down
to the lowest roots-replace the earth and
mulch with little hay, or grass, or straw
or tanbark, Or something to
prevent rapid evaporation. Seldom
will any more water be needed.
What Kind Of Trees to Plsnt.-Most
! people want large trees, must have large
trees; when the planting humor comes
| patience seems to be lost-must have
trees that will bear right away. Looking
lat trees just of the proper size they will
exclaim, "Who could wait for such whips
to bear2" "We may all be in our graves
before that time" True enough there
may be, exceptional cases when few
large trees, removed and planted with e1-
traordlnary care, may be a success, but in
a general way the trees that plant most
successfully aud thrive best after plant
ing, and ultimately make the most healthy
productive and long-lived tress, are those
transplanted young say apples three OF
four years, pears and plums, two to four
years, cherries two years, peaches one
year. The age means the growth o.
the bud or graft, and has no reference t.
age Of the stock grated or budded upon
; The older the tree the greater the check
} in transplanting, and this is why tn.
young trees will overtake and pass tn,
older and larger tree in the race of growth
But whatever may be the age, size o
character of your tree, look we'll to it,
roots. Have them all, or as many o
} them as may be possible, preserved from
mutilation or injury of any kind and pro
! tect them from the air, so that they vii
3 not be dried to death before you get then
: In the ground. see people every yea
handling trees as if they were dry brush
and it should be an indictable offence
What about Pruning at the time o
! Transplanting1 This is mooted ques
t ton, but long experience shows tha
whatever theory may teach, it is safe
shorten back the branches at time 0
planting; thus by reducing the numbe
of leaf buds, and consequently leaves, re
duces their evaporating powers while th
tree is forming new roots and gettin
used to its new home. A good rule, a
far as we can make a rule, is to cut bac
the young shoots to two or three buds a
the base, and where shoots are too clos
cut out some Of them altogether
Hoao far apart stoa,ld Trees be Planted
$ 1.-THE average distance may be given a
! follows: Standard trees-Apples, thirt
! feet, pears and cherries, twenty feet, th
. smaller class of cherries will do very we
f at iften to eighteen feet; plums, peaches
apricots and nectarines, sixteen to eigh
= = teen feet, ounces, ten to twelve fee!
Dwarf trees-Apples on paradise stock
six feet apart, and nothing IN the Who'll
; range of fruit culture is more interestin
e than these miniature apple trees, three {
\ four feet in height and the same in dian
I eter, whether in blossom or fruit Pear
q cherries and plums, ten to twelve fee
: Currants, gooseberries and raspberrie
= three to four feet. These distances ca
Of course be varied to suit circumstance:
: Beans.
el The best soil is a mellow clay or sand
i loan. Prepare the land as for corn, Fl
o ted in the incest manner Plant ten da,
t or two weeks after planting corn. Mario
. beans require one and one-eighth bushe
le seeds per acre; mediums three-fourths
J. bushel; pea beans one-half bushel; kit
n ney or other large beans more, in pr
a: portion to size. A fair crop Is twent
q bushels per acre.
=. An Ohio farmer was greatly annoye
- by the inroads of sheep upon his gra
y :, field, and raised the height of his lenc
= A ram was the only one of the flock tn
20 could leap it, but he enabled his cor
= panions to do so by placing himse
n alongside and offering his back for the
p to jump on before clearing it.
s. Many farmers look upon the sunfoW
: as simply a worthless weed, and nev
= dream Of the valuable qualities the see
. Of this plant possess. For several yea
q they have been used by breeders of fan
cr poultry as food for choice birds. in SIN,