davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

ABOUT NOXIOUS INSECTS.
BY AGRICOLA.

One of the most remarkable facts in ma
ture is the metamorphoses of insects
They not only change their form and ma
lure, but also their course of life The
caterpillar, for instance, after feeding upon
leaves until he is fully grown, retires into
some place OF cOncealment, casts off his
skin, and assumes an apparently lifeless
condition, wherein he has no power to
move nor to take food. lie has now no
head or movable limbs. There he rests
for Il while, waiting for n resurrection
which is sure TO come. In due time the
inward struggle begins, the chrysais skin
bursts open, and from the rent comes out,
not worm, but a butterfly with wings
fitted for the upper air, and he goes forth
in search, not of leaves, which was the food
Of the caterpillar, but Of the honeyed
juices Of flowers and other liqnids which
constitute all his food. Here we have Il
beautiful butterfly, the offspring and
brother of filthy and disgusting worm
Who can understand the transformation
or explain the factP
Another example is before us. In pool
of stagnant water may be seen numberless
little "wigglers" that devour the living
atoms which swarm in the same situation
They soon come to maturity, cast off their
skins and assume another form, rolling
themselves up like ball. Now they
either float upon the surface of the water,
or, (when dlsturbed) uncurl their bodies
and whirl over and over from one side of
the pool to the other. In few days they
arc ready for another transformation. The
skin on the back splits, and out comes the
mosquito, that pest of human kind, which
infests every swampy locality. His slen-
der legs stand upon the empty skin until
it fills with water and sinks, when he
spreads his tiny wings and flies away.
From this moment he pipes his bar-notc,
and seeks to draw the blood of his unIucky
victim. How changed! A few days ago
he was water worm, adapted to that ele-
ment alona. Now he is an air fowl, armed
and equipped for a war of invasion upon
the human race. 1hirsting for blood, he
goes forth to victory or TO death. And his
death is sure, if we only can Clutch him!
Here is full fed maggot that riots in
filth until his skin is ready to burst with
repletion. He now leaves the offensive
matter which he helps to remove, and
retires to some convenient hole, where
his body contracts and shortens, and his
skin hardens. He remains in this eqivocal
form, in an inactive state for some time,
when the end of his shell is forced off and
a bazzing fly comes forth. With his cast
off dress he has dropped his filthy habits,
and with more refined taste he takes his
meals at our tables and enjoys both the
solid and liquid portions of our food. And
he comes too, unbidden, and refuses TO
leave when our meal is finished!
Thus we see that caterpillars, grubs and
msggots undergo complete transforma-
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
WOrn.Out Pastures,



,
Inns time-nohoreu maAim' altlou8h
true as RUE, mas one exception at least
Tor Judge Crossett OF lCuXbury secures
some Oh the most thriity Pio"ing Wllhonl
DONG eltller. MOI uoes ills hireu man.
nor any servant OF agent ior n'in' put Il
mana 10 'he plo" OF su,ue tlle team. ana
moreover they oltGn plo" i'huS 'llat an
ordinary team could not reach-old' worn
out pastures rou9h ana rocky ana so COW
cred win brakes tha1 lhe grass Is com
plete!y crowded out' ne .]u9Se TOOK me
up to MS fleid TO see these tlI!ers CT the
soil that iurnlsh their own oread ana camp
on the Srounu where t,ley iaooi; us well us
TO manure the iaho wherever ttiey WORK.
porlloh OF ms pasture that llaa grown
up 10 brakes ana priers was fenced OH by
ltseiI, ana mere we lotihd the queen OF the
lielo' win all iler trtih' Dusty tearing up
the mould making IL lis lnelloW rs IN ASH
neap' ana lolloWihS each orake root until
the last vestige was consumed Likewise
the orlers were destroyea' root ana branch
leaving the ground pehiho so thoroughly
plowed that even the stones were thrown
up from lheir neds-some ooulderS as
large ms a Twelve quart pail A snort
distance below was another held where
they hld been at WORK tne iall before. Here
Il hali-dozed sholeS had been put upon an
acre OF brakes ana oriers the llrst OF Au-
gust, ana by lhe mldale OF octooer the
whoie was completely Proved every brake
ana brler taken out by the roofs, whlIe the
shotcs had gained IN neSh ana were IN u
thriving condlsion.
Inc next spring Tie Judge planted TINS
to potatoes, and fenced on about hVe acres
more ttlat were mpietely covered with
brakes ana prlers' win mere ana there
patch OF grass mat had beeh nearly run
out iof want OF manure. he put IN sow
ana t"eiVe shoIes' scattering little corn
among the brakes the llrst day or two, and
after That they mad no other iced. Ihey
began IN tne midst OF the thlckest portion
OF the brakes and briers. making clean
work as they went and feeding on these
roofs ana 'he patches OF grass We're IN
very. good lesh. ms lield was on steep
hillside where 1t was almost impossible to
draw manure ana the patches OF grass
had been moved over until they bore but
very small crop: But these shotes We're
covering them with top dressing that
Woald restore inc land TO lis original Ter
tlllty' 1t is well worth gong nifty miles
Tor any farmer TO see them work.
ihere are hundreds OF acres OF land in
TINS vicinity SO completely covered with
brakes that not one splre OF grass can
grow. once 1t was excellent pasture, but
the brakes have crowded in year after
year. and the land being too roug and
stony to pioW' there has seemed to be no
remedy but to fall back in good order"
and give the brakes the field. One farm
that formerly kept twenty-five COWS, now
can keep no more than ten or twelve be-
cause the brakes have overrun the pas
lures. And how TO prevent 1t has been Il
difficult question: Judge Crossett has
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

1t is just the season to show the value
and necessity and Importance of thorough
drainage, for all soils which the farmer
cutivates, whether they be soils whose
natural drainage is good or otherwise. AT
this writing, May 10th, there are thousands
OF acres of good land all over New En-.
gland that are 10 bear chief crops the
coming season, upon which Il team canno,
step; and because it cannot be worked
now, is just the reason why needed work
is to be neglected, improvements put
aside till fall, or till another spring, and Il
double effort demanded of the farmer, his
workmen and his teams, wherever the
land is in fit state to be moved. Thorough
drainage renders late spring impossible
it renders hurry and pressure of farm
work at this most pressing season impos-
sibIe; it equalizes the temperature of the
soil, warming and aeratng the earth in a
manner more perfect than the most perfect
solar heat can do it. 1t renpers deem
piowing, which is often highly recon-
mended for some crops, quite unnecessary ;
and as deep blowing on undrained soil is
at best but IN imperfect and expensive
operation, the best preparation for these
crops, sugar beets especially, and the best
permanent improvement of the farm. is a
system of thorough drainage. And this
spring must impress its value and import.
ance upon the minds of many farmers who
have not heretofore thought much about
it. If they don't forget it, good results
will sometime come of it.-Ploughman,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Bro. Chandler of the Record md Fa1ua-
CT devotos half Il column of his paper to
showing the necessity and Importance Of
establishing chair of veterinary science
in our state agricultural college. We
should learn from the experience of
others, as well as our own, and the Massa-
chusetts agricultural college trustees APP
pear to think such chair of less i'm
portance to the state than that President
Clark should travel a year in Japan-with
his salary continued, us they. about the
time he was doing that discontinued that
professorshp "fom lack of funds. -"
Well, they had both and they ought to
know. Meantime we believe mamma
Massachusetts has paid up the debts OF
her pet child Che agricultural college,
once more, but has told him he must here
after coniine himself in his expenses 10
his allowance, but whether he will or not
who can tell?
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
The " Bugs"

The potato bugs are opening the cans
paign in Il vigorous manner. The mum
bers far exceed anything we have ever
had before, and they begin their work OF
destruction earlier. Their mischief is not
confined TO potatoes, but tomatoes are at
tackled and destroyed us well, if not pre-
vented. What to do for them is II great
question. 1t seems to us certain that the
brushing Of the vines in picking them and
knocking them off have injured the crop,
and we have heard some say that the same
is true Of the applications of Paris green
and other poisons. One thing seems Ger
tain in our locality, which is, thlt from
their numbers and continual flying from
place to place hand picking will be of no
avail to save the crop on any considerable
area, and poisoning seems to be the only
resort. We urge great care in the use of
so powerful and subtle u poison us Paris
green, for which we have as yet seen no
elective substitute Be careful not to in
hale it; and we should prefer using it in
water TO using it dry with flour or plaster.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

GREEN FoOD FOR SHORT PASTURES
If II farm is well stocked with COWS it
seldom happens that the pasture is not
short at some period in the season, and if il
has large proportion of pasture to the
number of COWS then there will be consid-
cradle grass not eaten off at the flush, and
when the season is dry these uneaten spots
will be so tough that cows will eat very
little of the grass. 1t is better in the early
part of the season to have COWS enough to
eat the grass down about even all over the
pasture, for it then furnishes more food as
the season advances. But the dairyman
should make provision early in the season
for any deficiency which may happen in
his PASTURE and for this oats is one of the
best crops to feed green, and they should
be sown carly so as to be used,i necessary
in July. The oat is rs well adapted to
produce milk as clover, but to be at the
best it should be fed in the milk. 1t is
then most palatable and nutritious. Milk
is Il highly nitrogenous body, and there.
fore, oats, clover, and most of the grasses
furnish the right food for -IVestern
Rural.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Fowls IN ORCHARDS.-Las fall we Wis
tied an orchard in which fowls were kept
the owner of which told us that before
the fowls were confined in it the trees
made little or no growth, and only cor
responding amount Of fruit was obtained
But what II change was evident now. The
grass was kept down, the weeds killed
and the trees presented an appearance OF
thrift, which the most enthusiastic horti-
culturlist could not but admire and envy.
The growth of the trees was most vigor-
Gus, and the foliage remarkably luxuriant
the fruit was abundant, of large size, and
free from worms and other imperfections
The excellency was accounted for by the
proprietor, who remarked that the " hens
ate all the worms and curculio in their
reach, even the canker worm" He
found less trouble with their roosting in
trees than he expected, and that a picket
fence six feet high kept them within
bounds. His orchard was divided into three
sections, and the fowls were changed from
one to another, as the condition of the
fowls or the orchard sections seemed TO
require. Poultry World.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

A singular experiment in agricultural
methods has lately been tried in France
A savant recently took two tobacco plants
each weighing the same and being in an
equally healthy condition, planted them in
boxes containing mould of identical quail
ity, and placed them side by side in Il To-
cality favorable to their growth. One
was supplied with IN electric conductor Oh
Lightning rod and the other was left
in its normal state. In four months the
plant under the influence of electricity at
tanned II height of three feet five inches
and weighed about $4,000 grains; the
other measured two feet four inches and
weighed about $4,000 grans-about one.
half. Fertilization by electricity is Ger
tainly Il new and startling notion.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Nervous little Rob r. was nearly fright
ened into fits one day when bungling old
Parson Pew, in his hard, unsmiling way,
with a voice like thunder, asked him sud.
denly, "Who made the world in six DAYS
and rested the SEVENTH" 81 didw scream
ed the child, bursting into tears; i" but
III never-do so-any more!'
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Labor is not curse. Only by this can
n mans life be made happy. ldleness is
stagnation and the open doorway to every
form Of vice. Without exercise, the blood
stagnates. and we grow feeble. We must
have spiritual activity and exercise. In
proportion as our characters are rightly
formed here. have we laid the foundation
of our future happiness. In Heaven the
angels have regular special employment.
Not one is idle. Each one fills space
and each one has his work to do. Love Of
God and the love of the neighbor must be
the rule in Heaven.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

A PLEA FOR VERMONT MERINos.-I
notice, in this weeks New England Etrna-
er, an address by President Markham to
the New York wool growers association
His statement that Mr.. l.. p. Cark's flock
is acknowledged rs pre-eminently the
flock of Vermont, | think should read rs
follows: THAT in my opinion (meaning
President Markham's opinion) Mr.. l.. p.
Clark's flock" etc. President Markham's
statement that three years ago it was well
known that western New York could
make II better show Of American Merincs
than any other section of the country,
would read, | think. much better in Yer
mont if it were rs follows: Three years
ago the American Merino sheep breeders
in western New York imagined or believed
that they could make better show of
sheep than any other section of the coun-
try" | would respectfully inform Presi
dent Markham that it is easier to eXtol an
individual breeder, or the breeders of
Merino sheep in his own section, than it
is to exhibit sheep in competition with
the world and obtain the highest prizes by
the decision of a competent and impartial
committee, us was the case ut the late
centennial eXhibition.-A. f. p, P0mfret,
w., IN NelO EnglCtnd Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
TRAINS GOING NORTH AND WEST.

Leave Montpelier at2 4OA, NJ p 20 and 40 P N;
DAY EXPRESS leaves Boston VIA FItchDurgh at 30
A. NJ via, Lowell 500 A. M. New London 10 A. NJ =,
Springfield 800 NJ, Montpelier Al p. NJ for Bur
liugton, St Albans Montreal and Oldensburg
ACCOMMODATIONS Tram leaves NOrthtield at 30 A. NJ
Montpelier $40 A. NJ, for Burlington, Rutland $ t.
Adams, st. Johns and Richturd.
MIXED leaves White River Junction $50 A. ". North
field l2.05 NJ, arrives at Montpelier l2.32 P. NJ.
ACCOMMODATIONS leaves Muntpeler IL % P. M, for
Burlington, Rutland and st. Adams.
NIGHT EXPRESS leaves Boston via, Lowell at 5 30 p.
NJ, via, Fitchburgh 800 p. NJ New York 90 T.. NJ .
Springfield $40 NJ, Montpelier 30 for Burling-
ton st. Adams, Montreal and Oxdensburg, and the
West.
Trains leave Montpelierfor Barre att 20 A. M 1000
A. M, and 00PM
Returning leave Barreats OOA M..and 1O.5oA NJ and
go p. NJ.
Sleeping cars attached to NIGHT Express trains
running between Montreal and Boston, and Montreal
and Springfield, and New York and via, Troy, and
Parlor Cars and Day Express between Boston and
Montreal.
the principal stations. -
J. W HOBART,
- Genl.Supt.
G W.BENTLEY,
Genl. Manager.
St Adams, Vt May 3st, 1879.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

THOSE PINE TREEs.-Sincc we wrote
about the dying of the pines in Orange
and Windsor counties, we have observed
the same thing in Windham and the low.
err parts of the state. Some of the trees
however, which had the dead needles, and
looked as if they were surely dying, have
thrown out fresh shoots, and have appa.
rently taken Il fresh lease of life. We
hope the cause, whatever it is, will not be
powerful enough to destroy SO beautiful
and useful tree.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Quicklilne is a valuable preservative OF
timber, and NJ. Lastal. French railway
contractor. treats seepers in this way: He
puts them into pits and covers them with
qucklime, which is slowly soaked with
water. The sleepers are left in these watts
for eight or ten days, when they are thor
oughly impregnated, the timber becoming
hard and tough, and being almost hides
tructibe.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
agricultural department.
ON. TIRkHAM, Editor.

All communications for this department should be
ent to the editor Mr.. o. NJ. TINKHAM. n. Pom
fret, Vt
Please write side of the paper only, sign such
name or initials as you wished published but give
your FULL NAME ADDRESS, post office, County and
State.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Cling to the farm, make much of it.
put yourself into it, bestow your heart and
your brain upon it, so that it shall SAVIOR
of you and radiate of your virtue after
your days work is done. -E,C:htnge.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
Central Vermont R. R. Line.
Commencing Monday, June ?, 1879.
TRAINS GOING SOUTH AND EAST.

Leave Montpelier at Il IS \. NJ, 7.Ol and 90OP.M.
MAIL TRAIN from Montreal, Malone. st. Adams,
Burlington, &c, leaves Montpelier ll3j A. NJ. Tor
Boston, New London, Springfield, New York, and
intermediate points.
MIXED TRAIN leaves st Abans3 10 p. VI, Burlington
1882 NJ. Montpelier 7U5 p. NJ. for Mortified.
NIGHT EXPRESS from Ogdensbury Montreal, st. Al
bans and Burlington leave Montpelier at 9OO for
Boston via, Lowell or Ftchburgh, Springfield, New
York and intermediate points.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
" uOSPet meetings ana sunday schools.
THE GOSPEL OF JOY

BY Rev $, ALTMAN aud $. II. SPEcK. Nothing fre.h.
peared (95 cts) aus ''eI dP-
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

Send $a.OO for the Musical Record one year.
OLIVER DITSON & CO., Boston.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
TUT 7 UUTID 9IItVtT0'
CINDERELLA ! CINDERELLAli

New Cantata by FRANZ Apr. For Female voices
Fine music. go cts) 'AOos
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
5 NEW 5 BOOKS 3

For Temperance Gatherings
HULL'S TEMPERANCE GLEE ROCK,
Received with the greatest favor Great varietv n,
songs. Temperance and Social. e'' VI
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11

NFENSt btaiOued for mechanical or
l. N Il Elm Il - thercompounds, Ornamental
designs trade marks and labels Caveats, Assign.
ments, Interferences, Appeals, Suits for Gulrnre
, ments, and jail cases arising under the PATENT
LAWS promptly attended to.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-06-11
TW IVtT UUUUV'
PINAFORE! PINAFORElI

Almost everybody has it. All the Words wit an,
Music with Li3retto complete for 81 co. send also for
ne in tbe s 9nlte as good music
Daily Republican., 1879-09-20
Tilden'a Income Tax.

The motion by counsel for Samuel J.
Tilden to compel the Government ia
file the bill of particulars in the in.
come-tax suit brought against him was
argued yesterday before Judge Choats
in the United States Court, New York.
Mr.. Thomas argued the motion and
read an affidavit of Mr.. Tildsn stating
that the causes of action are alleged
generally in the complaint, and without
in any matter stating the particulars
Of the claim; that this is material to his
defence, and that he intends in good
faith to defend this action. Dictriot
Attorney Stewart L. Woodford opposed
the motion, and said 1t was not in the
power of Plaintiff to give bill Of par
ticulars. He quoted numerous author
tiles to show that bill should not be
granted, and argued that this was a
russ Of defendant to ascertain what
facts were in possession of the Govern
ment, in order that he might shape his
defence to the charges brought against
him, and to give him opportunity to
deny them. Granting a bill Of particu.
lars would, he said, prevent plaintiff
from putting Tilden on the stand, and
would seal the mouth Of one man from
whom they might extract the facts Of
his income. At the conclusion Of the
arguments the Judge took the papers
and reserved decision.
Daily Republican., 1879-09-20
Explosion ina POstomE No.

While Mr.. David Bsattie, assistant
postmaster of the city of Manchester,
Va. was engaged on Thursday in stamp.
ing the morning mail, received at Rich
mond at twenty minutes past eleven q.
M, he met with quite novel but pain
full accident. He had stamped num-
ber Of the letters, using the stamp very
vigorously, when somewhat balky
package exploded, tearing the envelope
into pieces, scattering the letters and
setting fire to large number of them.
This package contained percussion caps
similar to those used in toy pistols. The
postmaster's face was seriously burned,
his hair singed and his eyes seriously.
The damaged letters weIe gathered up
and taken to the Richmond postofice,
from which they will be forwarded to
the Postmaster General, who will doubt
less order an investigation into the mat
ter. 1t is a violation of the postoffice
regulations to send explosive articles
through the mails.
Daily Republican., 1879-09-20
The Steamer Clyde.

A local in the REPUBLICAN, Of the 16th
instant stated that the steamer
"Thomas Clyde" had been Withdrawn
and had been taken to Camden, New
Jersey, for the purpose Of being repain-
ted, etc. A letter from Mr.. Eugene Roy
bold, the Philadelphia agent, informs
us that We were correct in stating that
the steamer had been withdrawn but
the owners had too much respect for the
Wilmington ship builders, who built
their boat, to take the "Clyde' over to
Jersey. The "Clyde" he says is just
as good as when the season began, and
will not need one dollar for repairs.
She is now in Salem, N. j., and will
take the place Of the "Major Reybold,"
the morning boat from Salem to Phila.
delphia, after this week. The "Clyde"
has done hard summers work and has
not met with mishap or lost q single
trip. We hope we shall greet her early
on the water next summer.
Daily Republican., 1879-09-20
A KukIux Meets HIS Dsserss.

l A Kuklux Meets HIS Deserts.
/! From the Dublin (Gs.) Post
Just over the Laurens line, In. Pu-
laski county, on Sunday night, q man
named Frank Smith was killed while
endeavoring to Kulkux a negro. The
circumstances are as follows: Frank
Smith went into the negro's watermel-
Ion patch without permission, against
which the negro protested. They
cursed each other to their present sat
isfaotion, and Smith left. This was on
Saturday. The negro's name is "Su-
gar BILL" ahalf-witted creature, rear
cd in this country and we'll known in
Dublin. On Sunday night Frank
Smith raised Kulkux party and went
to RileyHmith's, with whom Bill lived,
broke down the door of Bill's cabin
With fence rails, and took him and his
wife and started off with them. Riley
Smith and John Donaldson (who were
spending the night with Mr.. Smith)
came out and bade the disguised par
ties to desist from such lawless con-
duct, whereupon one Of the number
stepped forward and fred pistol at
Riley Smith and Donaldson, wounding
Donaldson slightly in the arm. Anoth-
or report, and the disguised belligert
ent staggered and fell. The rest of the
Kulkux fed. Riley, Smith and DON
aldson then approached the man who
had fallen, and found him to be Frank |
Smith, laying dead, with a bullet
through his heart. He held cooked
pistol in his hand with one barrel dis
charged. 1t is not known who fred |
The second shot. Frank and Riley |
we're cousins. At the Coronsr's in
quest, on Monday, the dead man still
wore his disguise.