, 1879-03-07


Il Vii mi ~. ra.r ~ "rcrco,nn liz onnnattion
uf ll,u iotlcr.
A sc,zsrtr,u rppyr1rn-1sp,A NOW 4 1,n1rtsrt
MISUNDERSTANDING nY RUSSIA Ar M
rolSr-RnoAD HlsT THAT THE MATTE sTATR
ARMIES MUST lie tE1sTCRn.
Lrnaon 7ime1vf;b. "a
Tic Afghan war mn, Its results depend for
thcir ,u.,Iacot,on ,,nnn Tho nosaih,t,ty NJ thctr
t..,., .a.s.s', t-s.,, .,as.,,. 80. L., ,,,a
eo'ltg tTcasca 10 llesh asas1'h3 punt III '"e
history Of o1tr Empire. Tie war nrost from q
conviction that 50 long rs our frontier was liked
IN t1u eastern sI,r pf great p,ssca into Afuhan-
i.,, ,,,. t,,,t,nty .n.,,rtr ,roa ,1n,c,nt ,,,o,,
.a1H" o"' ''.''u,5 se.'' "Ha "epss". "e,'''
the degree IN wn'e'l We coaia rely upoh tlla
frlcndlincss III the Amccr VI Eabnl. Thta nllt-
,nomcnt # 1,roke down, nn,l Il .on,en.icntly be-
' .,....., .,,.t ,.. .t,o,,,, .a..., -. t.a,,.
ea'e 's:esssn't t,'1t W. s"ou'u leesf ou' 4.o..
tlcr IN fnch manner "a 10 mako lis securaty
Independent Of anything 10 caprlrious rs Tho
will Ut nh Astutlc Prince. This has now
hccn t1onc f,c,r.. tnd, ri, has nat yct
"lsu uo"s. s, .',., ..N,ss,. aa' aA' NV ~ ~
oeeh mauo Win A'sna"staat UNI tho
dlsorganization Of thu country prcscnts
political problems which It may need some time
10 .nlve. lint. wlatcycr The so1utlons of sucr
r,,n.tt,. ,r-o., roo,,, h,, ,,ro,I, nam, oi,.
u'e''.'"1' wy l'e.' ''''e HAs ""c""' WV" w
ialllcds lnafa Is henrelofth rIaeen III q hs'l-
tary position entirely different from TINT which
she ha. hitherto oecunIod, Fur tic first time
.ln,, uo have ,,ccn ro,,ccrnr, In bcr atrn,ra ain
s.s..t...,. .e,,s a.,,,.t tn,ast.,, t.a'.. ,i.,,
~ ps'iue1'5 e"-"tu "eu''''s '"'"St'" 'io'" W
Out. kcsataHg tho country as Triangle It ID
Oh two sttsGs surrounded BY the sea, md Ia coll
scQucntly snfc ngalnss all lttaek so long rs our
nAral pUwtr Ia, as at prcsvnt, snprefnr. The
third side Ia formed by the lmpassable rango Of
The fl1lnnuyas mid the only points at which the
nul northwest corncrs. But on tho northeast
corner We have uone but tlccaytNg Powers to
leal with. atIll no danger can hc considered to
exist In tl!s diEuctlon. The northwest frontier
until lately. might At amy moment hayo beculnr
formidable peril. Directly or Indirectly, 1t was
IN The power u lsussIn 10 put us to grunt t!!t!i-
Guilty and expense In order to protect ourselves
against an invasion or raids through the Afghan
passcs. Thoss passes liare, however, now been
selzel ly us, md VIC shall mt relln1uisn them.
We have tlluR secured what was described be-
iorchantlas '.se!cntiac frontier" and military
men aru agreed tint n moderate force in Tic
strongho|us thus occupied will aulllce to insure
us ngn!nst nll extcrnal danger from Ccutrni
Asia. THIS state Of things, tt must be repeated,
Is entirely new. From tho moment VIC COM
n,cnced our westward advance In India, we have
had restless enemies or doubtful fr,ends IN
front Of us, who could at nny titno OCCASION US
great Inconvenience, nud whom NC could not
learc out Of a.couat. We llayc now, ac-
corlini, to the best opinions md OH the showing
OF the uoycrn1ncnt, reached the extreme limit
ercssvo oIs a' or aoaerrns a WHICH ies % Seyona oar
now frontier c.n cause lis serlous anxiety. 1pdia
pluin English, oil but Ill island. With the ex-
ceptiom OF ile limited furre necessary 10 guard
the new Afghan frnntier, NC muy regard our.
selves us concerned stInpy with the people al.l
tic Princes Vt india Itself,
change in tllc military positions Of India did not
prcpaEu tl,u wny for autiIe proportfonatu change
III the military organization which l,ns hitherto
been established tn tho country. Tint system
has grown up under the psessltro Of conditions
which haye now, as wo hayo shown,
conlu to an end, Our European md na.
tive armies were created with View to
continual danger Of war, both Within mil with
foundations OF tho systctn were laid ut ttn,o
when W. wcrc not tho orly European Power III
india; nnd trcattcs Will, native States still SUBJ
sst by which they are hound TO asa!st US agninst
were lIabe to encounter very formidable
enemies In tic warllku States OF tho Northwest.
When this danger WIS over, and VIC hal safely
established ourselves tn ll.r Puniat, the muttsy
and for some time alter that calamity itwas lii.
Iispousablo to take exceptional precautions in
order to secure our posltlun. But BY q more
iudie!ous disuosttlon OF the native nrrny. bY
corl,tnanl Of tho great military centres, not 10
mention the Increased satisfaction with our
rulo which prevails, 70 hays rendered
it ttnpsactlcab!o Tor any Internal dn,,gcr
OF similar character atul magnitude
to rccur. The only military force, therefore,
which Is now maintained In Intlla has, US mat
ter Of fact, becn created in order to meet cIr-
culnstanccs aud to aycrt dangers which nor m
longer exist Tic military forres Of nuy mag
utlle which cuutrout lss Iii tulIa ure furpislctl
BY a few OF tllu potLvc Statcs, and eyou ii these
were to be regarded Us permanently established,
they could tot demand any sucb precautions %
were fcqulslto tn former 1nys, Taken a!toeetll-
or. intlGcl, they consist Of rather mure than
900, QUO mcp. hut these nrc broken I'm into Il
number Of small forces among ut least forty
Stutes and lltto pr1ucpnlttce, Wllch jlayo ncyur
been ablo 10 un]tc, und by thcir very ecoprapl,-
jcnl position are unable to do SO, HYdcrnuud
with ss, army OF nearly 1900 ,nen aya!ior with
regular army Of 5000 met aud "a irregular
fnree OF about Il, ,0o0. aua ludorc with loss titan
lo,0p0 men. n.o TUG on'y states which could
GaY9 WYE 9S ,Sos nu pst a'
hit lis cousi1crat,ons we l,ays Inst tunmtionsi
suggest further question respecting these t,a-
tive armies If India las been placed In po-
sltloh o. milhasy security, Iof w,nt pnFpoao eau
s, ~ ,s ln III 1arsss , " s ar
tntnv nn,,or IL. ,nn,Icn a,"inst soo n3,+.;fo j.