, 1879-07-19
THE LATE KHEDIYE,
Xnfc,!ig-af Accosnt Of the Nav VIE He
Been Forced TO Ibdicate by his Creditor.

4
Been Forced to Ibdieate by his Creditors.
Ismael Pacha, the late khedive Of
Egypt, and the fifth ruler of that coun-
try as a quasi independent government,
| who has Just been forced to abdicate in
faver of his eldest son, Tewfik Pacha, has
been one of the most remarkable men Of
his time. His grandfather, Mehemet Ali,
was the first Khedive, and gained that
position from the lowliest walks Of life ;
he had been a tobacconist, joined the
army in a subordinate position to resist
the INVASION Of the frst Napoleon, devel-
! oped a marked capacity for command,
and worked his way up to the highest
position in the province. Mehemet WAS a
successful warrior, and conquered the
recognition Of Egypt as power; and he
| would probably have established second
M.slem Empire had not the West I'm
European nations interferred to prevent
him. 1t renamed for the grandson, Is
mael, however, to develop the internal
resources of the country. His ambition
IN this direction began before he became
Viceroy and, while his uncle was still
on the throne. he purchased vast estates
and established himself as a power among
the people. When he had succeeded to
the reins of government, he introduced
European methods of improvements and
development. He made Of Cairo one of
the richest and most beautiful cities in
the world. He reclaimed half a million
of acres of bad lands, and put in prepara-
ton the reclamation Of nearly as much
more. Under his management the cotton
yield of Egypt grew from the Insignificant
proportions Of few thousand bales to
supply equal to about one=eighth the en-
tire European consumption. II was he
who introduced the cultivation of sGgs-"
cane, which is now the third in rank of
the Egyptian staples. He proceeded
upon the theory that the resourc s Of
E ,ypt, wa.ered by The Nile aud its depen-
denotes, We're practically mexhaustlble,
and that the country could regain its an
cient supremacy He built villages all
along the river and the canals, and made
cities ont of towns that We're struggling
for existence. The completion of the
Suez Canal was due to his energy and en-
couragement, and a thousand Vessels now
pass through it that formerly sailed to
India around the Cape of Good Hope.
Over 1000 miles of railroad were con
structed during the sixteen years OF lsma-
els reign, and 1000 miles of telegraph
stretch through the land in all directions.
The late khedive was as successful IN war
and diplomacy as he was in his control Of
internal affairs. He reorganized the ar
mics of Egypt. largely under American
officers, and he added to the wealth and
power of tke country by his expeditions
into Africa. He succeeded, after long in
trigues. in securing a change IN the law
of succession, which provided that the
right should be vested i'll tie eldest male
of the family, and decree Was snally is-
sued that the Egyptian throne should de-
| cend in direct line To the sons of the khe-
| dive in order of seniority, At the same
time he secured new concessions from
Turkey, SO that, at the last, Egypt was
virtually independent except III the lay
| ment of annual tribute. He was great
patron Of music and the arts Verdi
composed one Of his ptincipal operas for
( bTiIlil1i III Sssiic- AhS ii"Niai
| ;zed the religious sentiment Of the coun-
try, SO that Christian churches are pro-
portionately as numerous in Egypt as the
Moslem temples He abolished the S ave
traiie and remodeled the criminal code III
| keeping with civilized nations. But to
accomplish all these material, political,
and moral improvements within so short
a period required the expenditure of large
sums Of money. The concessions made
by Turkey We're at a cost of nearly doub-
ling the annual tribute in money and fur
nishing $1,000 soldiers. He exhausted
all the Oriental devices for levying taxes
upon the people for carrying out his I'M.
provements. He became the victim of
usary The public debt grew to the en-
ormous total of $500, 900, 900, Of which it
is estimated that fully one-half was swal-
| lowed up in commissions and discounts
His extravaganza was boundless, and
finally wrapgat his downfall Turkey
was very willing to put on heW restrictions
| when England suggested that course, and
the enforced abdication in favor of his
son. after this brilliant career, IS in the
interest of the money lenders. Chicago
Tribune.