New-York tribune., 1879-09-01

syer.sr ~. s,so g'is Of c,tsDou Of only nne feeI
In adGl.t.a &" the - - - la "a .isr S"hs tmesf:
y. tsc Remaining i3ato miles there vii! DO one
&c ion OF deep Hs g"r mi SSnsh his and around hc
a., The very scuarai custom OF comparing canals
D. tncir cnEth only - unfair; devib J. eAcAiInonl IS
.rI mon, important. TIE foiiowius dimensions are
pf0P0S''' In rock In earth.
WiSih wiSih ira a. f"st from bottom .... 90
%idih on surface OF vater-..------.-.. lO0 I99
Depth-...........----.-.--- .------------- - -
II il nropo,ed 10 give tEe ocks length OF 400 feet
between nitro sls and sevtntS-t~o feet width OF cham
bcr The gauge OF the River san Juan 81 ne lowest
stage sa0wcd discharge o t"enty times lhe greatest
possible acmand operating the canal The estimate
" cost n sec OOO,OOO.
Tux PANAMA ROUTR.
The Panama route lad down by the surveying expe-
aitor of 1873 extends from the Bay o. Aspinwah 70
that al Panama following general Tie valley o. TIE
River Chagres Aspinwal 10 The gica ben IN The
stream at Miachtn where It is proposed to cross the
rhacres by a vaduct Toe line Teen follows tie valley
of the No Obspo. small tributary Of tie Chas es, 10
rho divide crosslag which It follows the valley OF theRo
Crsnde 10 the Bay OF Paaama. 7. is proposed 70
sunplv water FOR tie canal by feeder tapping the
chasres about ten mites above the pon, OF erosins
ton Tor the vadCct Is admirable Inc highost water
mark l.. tn, surface Level OF 'hr "st" ~ eA rem,
a.ods was found 10 he scVeuiy-Vl-a leet ABOVE tAv
mean ilie ctLer sea- DIN renee OF toryiive ieci
ie nece sy surface level of tho water IN The FiRduci
will be - iec, TOde.ccaa from hnieVc 10 I'D" ca =
,ie To yialGcl ile 900 Zee, in extreme
i.rrfb piers ninety iOSt apart ana ID"
waterway will be sixty feet WIG "Ed lWehty-sN
feet decp. a. ,.. ,a.. ,,o r,a
an ino oarres the line throush IN summit; The deep
est cut will he 40 feet Thie the avsfGge ccrt VII d
From tnc eSu e'b % 'S of excsyetious wiz he only
,i,,s ntS,"E more taan the piisn OF ths canal The
total dis auce from The vaduct 70 tH" Bay of Pahs1a
Xaniic ead OF the vaiuct ae extends 7eo miles
through very broken country along The right oat ci
,6a CI res then 3I,O miles through low and t'-
ea.onalIy swampy land EilIy country COMES nv1t for
ay to e cnd or the iino Except IN the ten miles
of broken coVnry and In the tient.r rtaS4s' tss eA
cavat n viii ON the average less tl.n the prism OF
TT The tot distance from the vaduct to Aspinws '
o5s,o nle, making tine disauc, from sea TO sea 4llO
miles Twelve ilft locks ana one TIDE DcA VIII De r.
quircd The Pacific side, ana t~elve lt toeIs on we
ravts innHrips FOR 1890 feet rausins
80, .,o1 10 tcJ feet. TWO sections OF aqUeduo
iossibe syphons OF i,53O feet aud 1900 feet
channel viii have to be decpenod in Panama Bay
t,v tOr tSe Channel must be iaDproved 500 feet
brfaEwaer also needed The ne OF The canal Is no
where Than mile from ths fan-Ha 'o@u. lae
estimated cost OF building canal OF The sane dl-
menslons rs that IN Hlcsragu. l. s9AOVOOOo against
s. mn oO for the latter Materials Tor construction
ar nuch more abundant aud accessible IN Nicaragua
p1ac tsrfninIls OF the Nicaragua line coo miles
nearer to san Francisco than Panama s'
THE OBSTACLES TO II. IE LyssrrSS PROJECT.
Commander Lu then considered tho obstacles TO q
canal at the sea level such is proposoa by NJ de Les
sons and his associates For such canal there muft
e,ther a. drainage by pumping the excavation must
ne executed under water The former he believes would
be impossible the after so expensive ~ TO be CONNER
ciay out OF the question Among the schemes proposed
OF Paris tc receive she waters OF the Cbagres
into tho cana niecGu Az the lowest stage OF the
water this ghi be done II there was no other supply OF
fresh hut n hish wafer current would now mat
would make II n pasSable Tor shlIs Nouid vasn away
The banks where OF rock protected b. masonry,
aud would produce bad bare and shoals.
In re .ard to oos u; canal at The sea level Com
1aander Lul made comparison as to Tie summit cut IN
~ ite sac itvr The distance is sA<S yards The
summit eut OF the canal with LOCKS wou.u COS, eos'
$397o7,l76. In conclusion Conmander luil remarked
Iss 4 was haS TO nay Shn, % sA but in So as Ms
OPINION IA .anal across the American isthmus without
those iDs flHn this gcDerauoni likely to undertake
GEOLOGICAL SUBJECTS CoSsIDERED.
Professor J. F. Lesley, State Geologist of Penn
sylyania read very long paper ON the progress OF
the second geological survey of Pennsylvania. The
very valuable results accomplished by this survey,
both for scientific and economic purposes were
fully set forth and the Importance OF continuing
1t TO the end was dwelt upon. Professor Rogers,
OF Boxton. made an eloquent little speech prais-
inc Professor Lesey's paper, and speaking of the
yaie cf the survey IN enthusiastic terms Professor
lanes Hall State GeoOgIst OF New-ioTk, also
praised the paper touched CA the excellent results
nj the survey and hoped PeDnsyyanla would ap-
tIopr,ate none, to complete IL. ne leadlng place
which Now-loTk and FonnsylN+liia nV4u ia tIus
couutry III geological importance was alluded 10 IN
the Discussion. ,.s IL,
rurrenca, rocks in Central ONO, representing the
MaTcellus Shaes OF New-lOrk brlef disserta-
4,n,, n,, .Le geology of Port Henry y. Y. pre-
ssn,ss w f'rofe ssor T. Steny Hunt. of Montreal.
l.ssor john ". Chlckering, ir.. gave - glowing
,r>rruti0s n the newly discovered cave at luray,
ysge County Va. which he said surpassed the
innnofh Cave IN beauty and III the size Oi some OF
,ts chambers and was inferior only IN total extent
Thomas Meehan presented his views Ch the oD-
iects of eek and OdOr m nOwers.
OVgASG-OUTANs IN BORSEo.
The notes of William L. Hornaday, of Rochester
on Bornean oulang -Outans and their habits were
valuable and entertaining big specimen, looking
very grim, was shown on the platform in a natural
attitu1e and the paper was also illustrated by a
large picture Of Mr. Hornaday's pet onrang.
In his notes Mr.. HOraday said:
Bor,ieo ia the land Of apes and monkeY- IL
oontains thrtaex species q qladrumana LeaV-
ING tle gepu, homo out OF the question, the
ourangoutan occupies the third place from
the E.gnest IN tho Kingdom. The gorilla given tho
place. next In order the chimp@nzee, and ,hi
fne oar.ngontan The ourang with the gorilla
and hnpapzee IN positive size and quality OF The BRAN
Iu s fore limbs as compared with hs hind limbs are
o,eer than theirs Among the hgBef apes the 0ufanR
co,s.s nearest 10 man the NUMBER of RIBS. twelve
,,aIr, aud form Of the cerebral Ienlispheres
ft differs from IA other respects especially III LIe
Iohs more tnan do the gorilla aud chimpanzee The
ssls anrAlz marked By remarkable cheeK caiiostes