The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1879-10-09
PRINTING PAPER.
How News Paper Is Made--The Ingredients
and Processes.

8ahu Efoe6eSes.
New York SUM-
The principal ingredients of this paper
are straw, rags and wood. A mill of
this kind affords ready market for all the
straw produced in the country for miles
around. The straw is piled up in great
stacks near the mil ready for use. The
rags come from all parts Of this country
and Europe. The wood is bought in the
pulp from firms who make business of
reducing wood to fine pulp.
Regarding the processes which these
materials undergo while being converted
into paper: In the first place the straw is
cut up fine and passed through tanning
mill, which separates it from all the grain
and particles of dust. 1t is then put into
huge rotary boilers, running under eighty
pounds of steam pressure, where 1t is
boiled and cleansed in strong solution
of caustic alkali, after which it is emptied
into watts and thrown up into washing en-
eines filled with water; there the alkali is
extracted, and chlorine is added for the
purpose of whitening it. After remain
ing here until the pulp is thoroughly
washed, it is emptied into large watts,
where it is left to bleach twenty y-four
hours. The pull in this stage is as white
as snow, and is one mass OF fine silky II.
| bre. . .y..
The rags are first carefully assorted,
and everything not composed OF cotton
!: J,l rHha, oyat than ru
up and busted by machinery, after which
they are boiled and cleansed with solu-
ton of lime in other rotary boilers. AT.
terward they pass through the same proc
ess as the straw until they, too are re-
duced to beautiful, white, tibrous pulp.
Equal quantities rag and straw pulp
are mixed together with lesser quantity
of wood pulp. To this is added small
portion of kaoin, or white clay, which is
used to fill up the pores of the paper, and
| give it smoother surface. The whole is
then put into beating engine, where it
remains until the different ingredients are
thoroughly united. This operation usu-
ally takes about three hours. Here also
the blue coloring is added-a blue white
being considered the best shade for the
paper. From the beating engine the pulp
is pumped up into another engine, where
it passes through the last stage of REIN
ing, and is dropped in liquid form into
an immense tub.
1t is now ready to be put into form.
There are two kinds of machines for
this work, the Fourdrinier and the cylin-
der. The Fourdrinier, the latest invea-
ton, and the most perfect machine now
in use, is used at this mill. The fibrous
liquid is first poured from the tub through
a strainer into the machine, where it is
caught on an endless sieve of very fine
wire, which filters out the water and re-
tains the fibre. This sieve continually
vibrates as it moves along, thus thorough
ly uniting the fibre, and when it reaches
the section box, all the water is drawn
from the pulp, leaving continuous shee
of paper This sheet is carried over nu
merous drying cylinders, heated by steam
then over the cylinder rolls, where it re
ceives its final gloss and finish; and is fl
nally wound on spools, weighed, wrapped
marked and stored, ready for shipment.