The New York herald., 1879-12-03
AFRICAN EXPLORATION.
Expeditions Now in the Dark
Continent.
NEWS FROM THE EXPLORERS.
German. Belgian, French Italian English
Portuguese, Spanish.
STANLEY AGAIN ON THE CONGO.

STANLEY AGAIN ON THE CONGO.
W1EsBADEN Nov. IL, 1879.
Since the last summary OF African explorations in
the HERALD of July Is all the expeditions ut present
engaged in exploring the still unknown parts Of
Africa have accomplished much work. The German
expedition under Gerhard Rohlfs has however.
failed and will probably have to be abandoned.
This well equipped expedition. sent out by the Afri
can Society at Berlin to the Sahara to wadai
and go on to the Congo. left Tripolis in December
last passed through Sokna January "a and arrived
at the of Jalo in April Here further progress
checked by the hostility Of the fanarcal natives
Ever since the last Russo Turkish war perfect an
archy prevails in the province OF Tripohs. where
the Mohammedan brotherhood of the Snussi reigns
supreme through terrorism. Their chief. Sidi el
Madhi issued orders to allow Christians to 60
to the southern oasis of Kufarah. and though many
natives are well acquainted with the road Rohlfs
offered 1000 Maria Theresia dollars for guide in
vain Two attempts made by the fanatics to
stone him. ana many of his servants deserted
through fear After six weeks delay Rohlfs. with
his companion, Dr. Secker. returned TO the port Of
Bengazi on the Mediterranean, where. through the
powerful influence of the German Ambassador at
Constant ntinople, they succeeded in obtaining from
Ali Kemali. the new vail (governor) of the
Cyrenaika, escort of thirty Arabs of the
Suyah tribe, who, for the price Of 1.5OO
Maria Theresia dollars. agreed to accompany
the expedition through Kufarah to Abeshr, the
capital Of Wadai. On July they left Bengazi and
passed through Jalo for the second time. the bag
gage being carried by twenty-five camels. July 25
the expedition reached the oasis of Batird twenty
eight klometers south Of Jalo. and after four days
10 tha Euf ylOfOa
which has never before been visited by Europeans.
They crossed the intervening tract Of sand hills in
ten days and reached the northernmost oasis Siren,
and arrived at Istat the capital of Kebabo the
southern group, in the middle of August. Rohhs
succeeded in thoroughly exploring the entire Kufarah
oasis, but when about to continue the march south
the expedition upon by the hostile natives
and robbed of all baggage and escort
Offering pNstection, that Rohlfs and Steeker
barely able to fSd their way back to Bengazi,
where they remain at present. Though they expect
an indemnity from the Turkish provincial govern
ment for their losses there seems but little doubt
that Rohlfs will abandon the expedition, he has
already once before sent in his resignation The
exploration of Kufarah will. therefore. be the only
result Of this costly expedition.
THREE BELGIAN EXPEDITIONS
The three Belgian expeditions Of the Internatonal
African Association at Brussels have meanwhile
ceeded in making better progress The first expedi-
tion under Lieutenant Gambler and DIR. Dutrieux,
which left Bagamoyoo the Zanzibar coast July last
year. after passing the entire rainy Tabora
the Arab capital of Unyanyembe has now gone
to Lake Tanganyika. DR.. Dutrieux. however, re-
turns to Zanzibar account of differences with the
leader. Expedition No. 2. under Captain Popelin
and Dr. Van Henwel, who started from Brussels in
April last. was organized at Zanzibar by Henry NJ.
Stanley and left for Bagamoyo June %. Twelve days
later it started for the interior by Staneys old
While crossing the Makata the leaders suffered much
from fever, but after reaching Mpwapwa August 10
they rapidly recovered. The third expedition left
Dar-es-Salaam the coast July 2. accom-
panied by the four elephants presented to
the expedition by the King Of Belgium
These animals were brought by steamer from Bonn
bay to Zanzibar and landed June in the Msasani
Bay near Dar-es-Salaam. They employed
carriers, each elephant carrying 1000 pounds of
goods. Great fcar was entertained that they might
succumb to the bite of the dreaded ''tse-tse" fly,
which kills all other animals of burden. but they
have since passed the districts infested by this
sect ard though well bitten have shown no bad re-
suits therefrom, thus proving the experiment Of
employing them in the service Of African explora-
ton great success. They crossed mountains.
streams. swamps and gulches with ease but their
native Indian mahouts suffered severely from fever.
This expedition arrived few days after the second
party at Mpwapwa where both combined, and on
September continued their march west. A. Ujiji
on the Tanganyika all three Belgian expeditions will
effect junction. No later news has arrived from
the
FRENCH AND ENGLISH MISSIONS ON THE LAKE
The French expedition, under Able Debaize,
reached Ujji April last $50 days from the coast
and intended to go on through Manyuema to Ny
angwe, on the Luaaba-Congo The English expedi-
ton. under Keith Johnstone, has not disbanded in
consequence of the sad death of its leader which
terry. at Berobero in Kutuland, $50 miles southwest
from Dar-es-Salaam. from where the expedition
expedition. has taken command. and gone
through Uherge tc Lake Nyassa whore he is prob
ably busy at present exploring the north end. From
there he intends crossing the unknown regions
the south end of Tanganyika, returning by way Of
Ujiji and Unyanyembe to the east coast. Keith
Johnstone before starting from Zanzibar his ILL.,
fated journey. made short trip into Ussmbara He
did not reach the capital. Tuga. but plainly
the town from the Handel hills and by his esti
mate places it nearly twenty-five miles north west
OF the position assigned to 1t by Burton and Spekc
twenty years ago The missions in the lake regions
have not progressed very favorably thus far. The
Church Missionary Society's station, under Rev.
Mr.. Wilson. at Rubaga, King Mtesa's capital. on the
north shore OF Victoria Nyanza reinforced early
IN the year by three additional missionaries, who
went up the Nile to Uganda. King Mtesa treated the
mission well. and owing to their representations
even abolished slavery in all his dominions Re-
cent advcee state however, that he has turned un-
friendly aud suspicious on account of the ap-
proach OF the Egyptian advanced posts to his
frontier which he attributes to the mission COM
pnclty. StiA ne has allowed two OF the members to
90 with some OF his messengers TO Colonel Gordon
to protest against his advance. Mr.. Felkins reached
the Egyptian post Fatiko in May last while Mr..
wilson was still on Uganda territory June &c,
companied by four chiefs. Two other members have
been permitted to to the south shore the lake
TO send up some stores, which arrived there from
Zanzibar and the remaining three missionaries still
remain at Mtesa's court under surveillance. After
the death of Rev. Mr.. Thomson the head of the Ian-
ganyika mission. at Ujij In October last the Lon
don Missionary Society sent out DIR. Muliens its
former secretary. to reorganize the mission. He
reached Mpwapwa, the road to the lake. and there
suddenly died July 10 of pertonitis. HIS compan-
ion, Rev. MIR. Dodgshun. went to Ujij but seven
days after his arrival there he also fell victim to
the murderous climate. Since then the society has
received news from the surviving members of
the station, Rev. Mr.. Hutley and Mr.. Hore. the
naturalist. and has therefore asked DIR. Laws, the
chief OF the Livingstonia station on Lake
Nyassa, to send trustworthy native messen-
IiiiI and hrin hacl Iatin