davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1879-01-09
asLLEvUE, La,
,s,,psOAY, ::::::::::january Q, 1879.


!, stai,s ra,aBER's cycLopEDIA OF ENG
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The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1879-01-09
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The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1879-01-09
THE PRODUCE MARKET.

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The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
THE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.

sixteenths inches thick, and twenty
nine well developed seeds. The
thickness of skin and large number
of seeds are objections so serious as
to make its propagation of doubtful
utility.
All these lemons possess decided
merits compared to nine-tenths OF
the California fruit sent to this
market, but the best of them is not
quite equal, i'll all respects, to the
choicest imported. They, however,
show that progress is being made
toward better standard of quality,
and that continued efforts may result
in a variety even better than any now
found in this market. Probably no
culivator in the State would now
think Of planting an orchard of COM
mon seeding lemon trees. The
question, therefore, naturally suggstse
itself, which variety is it best to
plant? We should unhesitatingly
say, the variety that produce the best
Messina lemons imported. If such
trees are not obtainable, no mistake
would be made in planting the Lisbon
lemon. This has already been quite
extensively propagated by our nur-
serymen, from trees imported from
Australia, and can be obtained in
quantities. The fruit of this variety
produceds in Australia, and now
abundant in market, compares favor
ably with that from the Mediterra-
mean, and it it were as carefully Sc
lected, would sell at equally as high
prices.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13

$780,, which is in close proximity
to its true value. place as high an
estimate upon the value OF the re-
duced phosphoric acid, as upon the
soluble, but it is usually regarded as is
less valuable, and is put at about 0
cents instead of 10. Whatever you
are able to save from the above prices
in purchasing and preparing your
own fertilizers is so much to your al
vantage. The cost of the soluble
phosphoric acid in the superphos-
plate, which is to be made in your
presence to-day, will be tritie over
! IL cents per pound, and this arises
from the low prices Of the raw mate e.
rial used. Bone charcoal at S2O.0U
per ton, and oil OF vitriol at S35.OO
makes the resultant superphosphate
cost about $500 per ton, not estl-
mating labor. Estimating the solu.
BILE phosphoric acid it contains, at IL
cents, the allowable value, and 1t is
worth over $500 per ton. In the
purchase of raw materials, the quail
ity and price are always to be con-
sidered, and the cheapest sources OF
supply are to be investigated.
But, gentlemen, the hour has
passed, and Mr.. Davis is ready to
show you his experiments in the barn
yard, across the cow stalls. What l
have been able to present, is but the
outline of a subject of vast import
ance to your interests.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
AUGUST 10
The Friendly jamestown Weed.
From the Clarksville Leaf.


From the GAINESVILLE Leaf. 4.
The Jamestown weed, upon the
bloom OF which the festive tobacco
fly delights to iced, and which is so
obnoxious to many farmers, is one of
the friendliest weeds that grows
about the barnyard. A few leaves
bound to the forehead will generally
relieve the severest headache in a
few minutes. For bruises, boils,
sprains, and feverish sores of anv
kind, the leaves stepped in hot vim.
egar, camphor and lard applied to the
affected part have no superior. It
may also be applied to wounds and
sores on horses and cattle with sue
cess. jamestown weed seed ground
and given to a horse in meal, by the
tablespoonful, with rosin, is regarded
as the very best remedy for hide
bound and similar diseases of the
horse. They have other medical
properties and are highly valued by
drug dealers, who keep them in stock
when to be had. 1t is worth while
to save the seed, and also dry the
leaves for making poultices. Withal,
the jamestown weed, especially its
seed, is poisonous and should be han
died carefully. All tobacco growers
should raise patch of Jamestown
weeds as means of destroying the
tobacco fly, which makes the horn
worm, SO damaging to the plant. If
the jamestown weed is allowed to
grow unmolested on richly ma.
nured spot, it will bloom early, at
tracing the tobacco fly from all
other flowers, when the farmer, or
little children, may stand around
every evening with paddles and kill
hundreds, preventing the August
glnt OF worms, saving not only the
tobacco crop, but days of hard labor.
The Guthrie Grange. as we have be-
fore noticed, is offering handsome
premiums for the greatest number of
flies killed, and without this every
farmers own interest should stimu-
late him to raise jamestown weeds
and kill the flies.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13

By the old plan (see Fig. 1.-C) the
bark will never grow over the parts
d d., because bark grows laterally
and not perpendicularly. If por-
ton OF bark is removed from the
trunk of any tree, the bark grows
over the exposed part from each side.
About four years ago girdled a
branch of an apple tree by the old
plan, and painted the exposed part
with thick white lead in oil, to pre-
vent dry rot. The branch is still
sound, and bears fruit of good quail
ity. The branch above the girdling
has increased in diameter, while the
lower part is of the original, and ex'
hibits no increase whatever.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
Girdling Trees.
Editors of The Florida Agriculturist
DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE,
WASHINGTON, d. c., July 10.

WASHINGTON, d. c., July 10. I
In your issue of the second inst, 1
observe cuts, and what may appear
to many a full statement of my
method of girdling trees, whereas the
paragraphs are taken from my first
and only letters of late date, pub
lished in your paper several weeks
ago. Just under the first cut you
give portion of my letters: "The
object OF this system of girdling
branches is to produce ripe wood,
sound and large fruit, and at the same
time, prevent the decay of the
branch" Any kind of girdling will
have the tendency OF producing large
fruit. / simply desire that your or
ange growers will try this new sys-
TEN on a few branches affected with
"die- back" and as means of pre-
venting a branch or branches girdled
from dying. L propose this new
method OF girdling, by which theo
retically the girdled part will heal
over with new bark.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13

To obtain patents parties must send
their Final Receipts to the Register of
the U. S. Land Office at Gainesville.
Fla.
If the Final Receipt has been lost or
mislaid, an affidavit to that effect.
must be sent to the Register in order
to obtain the patent.
If parties have bought lands from the
original claimants, and the Final RECENT
is lost, they can obtain the patent by
sending to the Register, an affidavit as to
the loss of the Receipt and certificate
from the Clerk of the Court, showing
that they are the owners of the land.
and are legally entitled to the patent.
Parties in sending money to the U. S.
Land Office should send it to the Re-
eeiver and not to the Register.
d. EAGAN, Register. JOHN VARNUM,
Receiver. RICHARD M. STADDEN, Clerk
in Registers Office. JOHN P. VARNuM.
Clerk in Rec Ndver's Office. G. DYER,
Jr., Draughtslnan.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
Fermentation.
From the Rural Messenger.

From the Rural Messenger.
Fermentation is an exceedingly
useful process in more places than
the cider vat or the yeast jug. All
experience attests the high value, to
the farmer of the fermentation and
decay of vegetable matter in the soil
and this process benefits far more
than the amount of matter thereby
added to the elements already in the
land. The fermentation mot the de.
cay OF green matter, seems to have
an effect on the soil similar to that of
yeast on the loaf of bread-crude or
inert matter already in the soil is
acted upon and rendered available,
and the land is made mellow and
opened to the action of air, heat and
light. 1t is a chemical combination
or admixture of the minerals of the
soil and the acids of the plant, the
result Of which is a state Of things
the most favorable to the growth
and development OF every kind ofcrop.
This process is one that farmers
ought TO make much larger use of
than most of them do. 1t is the
great benefit to be derived from
blowing in green crops to enrich the
soil. 1t lands were benefited no more
by a clover or pea tallow than the
amount of mere vegetable matter adj
ded to the soil, it would be as we'll to
apply the dried material in fall or
winter, when blowing is less labori.
GUS and exhausting work to the team.
But experience proves that nothing
enriches so fast or so we'll as green
tallows; and the explanation of it is,
the fermentation of vegetable matter
in the process of decay acts chemi-
cally and mechanically upon the soil
-@rating, opening, dissolving and
combining all the elements present,
till ali is transformed into the best
seed bed possible fer art or science
TO devise.
For this reason farmers ought to
make it part Of their system of ro-
tation to turn in some green crop, as
pea-vlnes, rye, OF clover as often as
convenient-and this should be done
at time when there is heat enough
to produce moderately active fermen-
tatlon. And if no crop has been
planted Tor this purpose, even the
natural growth upon the land will be
found highly beneficial, plowed under
latter part of August or in Septem-
ber while yet in green and succu-
lent state. 1t is really the cheapest
process known for improving land,
and some part of the farm ought
to be SO treated every fall. Where
mari is cheaply available, this and
geeen tallows are about all you need
to put, even in green fields in high
state of improvement. We trust
large use will be made of termenta-
ton this tall as an agent for improv-
ing land. Turn in all the volunteer
grass and weeds you can, if you have
planted no crop for this purpose.
This, with lime or mari, will be an
excellent preparation Tor wheat and
all winter grain.
The difference between honor and
discretion is, that honor tells you not
= - l.. Z
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
Improved Seeding lemons.

G. p Rixford, in Pacific Rural Press.
Lately the semi-tropical fruit-grow-
ers of the southern part of the State
are attracting attention by the sue
cess of their efforts in obtaining i'm
proved varieties of the citrus family.
The want Of thin-sklnned lemon,
free from the bitterness so objection
able in most California seeding fruit,
has been felt several years, but syste-
matte efforts at improvement are OF
quite recent date. The difficulty and
expense attending the introduction
of the best varieties from Europe
have induced careful selection and
propagation of promising seedlings,
until several have been obtained
which compare quite favorably with
the best Messina and Palermo varie-
ties, while possessing the additional
advantage of the vigor pertaining to
Seeding trees Ito the manor born"
The specimens of seeding fruit
raised by George G. Swan, Of San
Diego, which you hand me, at his re-
quest, for an expression of opinion,
include four varieties, known as his
Olivia, No. /, No. 2 and No. B;
all probably grown from Sicily seed.
The lot included but one specimen of
each, hardly a sufficient number from
which to :orm intelligent judgment,
though probably average samples of
each kind. In general appearance,
the specimens resemble Sicily lemons
found in abundance in this market,
though in several respects inferior to
them. The Olivia, which Mr.. Swan
regards with most favor, is hand
some fruit Of medium size, regular
oval shape with long, pointed pro-
jectiors at both ends, and the usual
transverse furrow near the apex, COM
mon to the Sicily lemon. The skin
is smooth and delicate, and of deep
yellow color, three-sixteenths to one
fourth inch thick and entirely
devoid OF bitterness pulp similar in
color to the best Sicily, of excellent
flavor but deficient in juice. The
branches forwarded with the speci-
mems, show but few thorns, and those
of small size, There is no doubt that
by persistently propagating from
thornless buds, trees will soon be OBJ
tanned entirely thornless. The only
faults that can be found with this
lemon, areits small size, rather thick
skin, and meagre yield of juice. This
deficiency, however, may have been
due to the somewhat dried and wilted
condition of the specimens furnished.
No. l is handsome good sized
lemon, with a skin of delicate tex,
ture, one-eighth to three-sixteenths Of
an inch thick, and somewhat bitter,
but less so than in much OF the Sicily
fruit frequently found in market.
This lemon is heavy, with an abund-
ance of juice. It's faults are the bit
terness of the skin and large number
of seeds, there being twenty-three in
the specimen examined, against three
to four in the best imported.
No. 2 is of medium size, juicy and
heavy, skin very thin, due in part
probably to the specimen having
been taken from the tree some time
ago, and imparting slight bitter
taste to water in which it had re-
manned for twelve hours. The pulp
is of good flavor, somewhat darker
than the best Sicily, and containing
fifteen large seeds.
No. 3, the largest of the lot, has
bitter skin, from one-fourth to FIVE
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
as follows

Five hundred pounds OF this is ap-
piled to an acre as preliminary pro-
ceeding, or as first dressing to a
field of unknown fertility, or crop
capability, and from the results, TAX
ing into consideration not only the
crop but the meteorological condi-
lions which prevailed, we deduce con-
illusions as to subsequent treatment.
This combination is serviceable for all
crops, and even if it is not followed
by proper notifications from year to
year it gives valuable and profitable
results. A very excellent liquid fer
tilizer is produced by dissolviDg in
one hundred gallons Of water
Spouuds Peruvian guanO rect.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
HOMESTEAD PATENTS.

AS many have been benefited by our
publication of the lists of land patents
granted, and many thus aided, as we
learn from the U. S. Land Office at
Gainesville, to obtain their patents, we
publish the new list sent us. Special
attention is called to the following para
graphs of Circular, April Is, 1879, lately
issued by U. S. Land Commissioner.
]. A. Williamson:
"Any settler desiring to make final
proof must first file with the register of
the proper land Office, writer notice
OF his intention to make final proof.
Such notice must describe the land
claimed, and the claimant must give the
names and residences of the witnesses
by whom the necessary facts as TO settle.
ment, residence, cultivation. etc. are 70
be established"
The filing of such notice must be
accompanied By q deposit of sufficient
money to pay the cost of pu6Lsb;,,0 the
notice to be give'a By the Register.S
The following are on file, for delivery.
in the U. S. Land Office at Gainesville
Florida
Aikens, VIM.
n
Hilliard, James X.
McClane, James Mott, Emanuel
Morrison, Mrdc'k Munden, Allen
Pierce, Sam1 J.
Robinson, Geo.W.
Tuter, John E.
To be continued.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
ARTIFICIAL FERTILIZERS.
A Barm-FlOOr Lecture.
BY Dr.. James R. Nichols of the Massachusetts State
Board of Agriculture.
TCoNCLUDED.1

But | must hasten to conclude.
What we call stock, or normal COM
bination of tertilizing agents, has
been used upon this farm under
proper conditions. 1t is constituted
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13

The difference between honor and
discretion is, that honor tells you not
to hit a man when he's down, and
discretion warns you to be careful
about hitting him when he isn't
down.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13
8 pounds Peruvian guanO rect.
16 pounds superphOsphate,
8 pounds muriate of potash,
l pound nitrate of soda.

pound nitrate OF SOFA.
A less or greater amount may be
made as may suit the convenience,
the proportions being maintained.
This liquid is excellent for use upon
flower beds, and plants, and the
growth of strawberries and raspber-
ries are greatly promoted by its use.
1t is very convenient upon the farm as
we'll as the garden, and might be used
on large scale in producing several
crops OF grass in season, and for &C.
reals and vegetables.
The substances before you are
some of them, Of crystalline structure,
and need to be crushed or pulverized
before entering into field mixtures.
We accomplish this by the free use
of the hoe and shovel as they are
spread upon the firm floor of the
compromising room. They readily
yield to such methods, and no mill is
needed to grind any one Of the pro-
ducts. After the substances are
weighed they are pulverized and
mixed, and then to secure thorough
admixture and fineness, are passed
through an upright sitter, made in
the form of those used by masons in
sitting sand for mortar, All of our
tools, with the exception of the lead
lined tank, for making superphos-
phate, are made in the carpenter
shop connected with the t2rm.
Those of you who have plenty of
genuine wood ashes, will find If for
your advantage to use it in connec-
ton with fine ground bone in manner
as follows:
Take 1 barrel of raw bone flour,
8 barrels of wood ashes, dry,
so pounds of gypsum,
10 gallons of water.
Make a heap of the whole upon
floor, and add the water, stirring con-
stantly witha hoe. Thisis perfectp plant
food, containing all, in desired proper
tions, which plants require. This we
recommended to farmers fifteen years
ago, and no greater service can be
done than to again call your attention
to it. The steamed or burnt bone
flour will not do IL; use only the flour
from fresh raw bones. Five barrels
of this mixture to the acre is a cheap
and most effective dressing for any
kind of crops.
The cost of artificial fertilizers is
based upon the amount OF nitrogen,
phosphoric acid, and potash they
contain in available forms, and these
have certain market values. Much
of what is sold as superphosphate, is
really a mixture OF several COM
pounds, and is designed to serve The
purpose of a general dressing Tor
lands. It's value depends upon how
much of the three essentials it holds,
and in order to know what 1t is
worth, first ascertain what 1t is made
of, and then estimate from prices
which are given upon the blackboard
At present fair commercial price for
Nitrogen is. . 25 cents per pound
Soluble phosphoric acid 10 cents per pound
Patash -----.-.....----. cents per pound
The Recti6ed Guano,to which your
attention has been called, contains in
one ton of 1000 pounds
165 pounds nitrogen-25 cents. ----..S1 %
200 pounds soluble phosphoT-
ic acid-1O' cents. ------ ;..------. ~ w
90 pounds reduced phosphoric
acid-10 cents. ....--.--.-.---- = w
40 pounds potash-5 cents -------- W
$50 25
A single ton of this is sold for
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-08-13

a.. New MOOu
b. Girdled part.
c. Original branch.
Cut No. exhibits its appearance.
IT the theory of my process is cor
rect, the same branch may be Cir
dlea many times without endanger-
ing decay. The girdled part should
be protected as soon as exposed, to
prevent the evaporation of the natu-
raj sap. THOMAS TAYLOR