The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1879-11-19
The Opposing Aims Of the Reac-
tionaries and the Liberals.
A GLANCE AT THE PRESS
Ardent Hopes but Slim Chances Of
Spain Granting Reforms

or the other having capitulated Naturally the In
dependents pretend that there treaty, while it
suits the Spaniards to sustain that there was capt.
ulation. There undoubtedly treaty from the
moment that the conditions of peace were discussed
for some days between General Martinez dc Campos
and the principal chiefs Of the Instruction resident
In the, Camaguey, since these conditions were sub
ject to debate. were modified and were published
by the Spanish General after they had been
accepted by the majority of the insureent chiefs.
1t was capituation in SO far as the conditions
seem to have been imposed by Martinez de Campos.
leaving the chiefs and soldiers liberty accept
them or not. to surrender their to continue
the war; the signatures Of the chiefs with whom
Martinez de Campos treated do not appear in the
famous document in which the chief Of the Spanish
forces ,,fers his conditions to those who surren-
dered and lastly because the independents accept
ing the conditions of Martinez de Campos making
peace with the Spaniards. not only delivered up
their arms but completely abandoned the cause they
had been defending. In what there of a treaty
nothing exists that dishonorabe for the spanards
and in what there may have been of capitulation
nothing that could injure those who delivered their
arms and made peace with those who had been their
opponents.
SPANISH GOLD.
Many have shown themselves inexorable with
General Campos for the manner in which he con-
cluded the war; and they have made charges against
him which 1t is important to know and to discuss
II even 1t should be but briefly. In the first place
1t has been said and repeated that he concluded the
war with gold. This accusation originated princi-
pally in the discomfort of the Spaniards Of Cuba.
With this invention they discredited both
Campos and the Cubans. In the Cortes
Deputy, general, made use of this cal.
umny. and wished to throw it in the face Of
tho iliustr:ous chief. 1t only considered as
envy and proof Of what dare to do
when they find themselves sheltered by the nviola-
Dlty or the post they exercise If in the state of
misery which were many of tho chiefs and all the
so,diors re On. ,,,.,ru...,.. o.., nr..- =,
" - "enef"i 1Ar'ine~ oe
Campos distributed succor among them-an aid
wncn many reinsed TO accept-he did so to alleviate
TINS misery That they might retire to their homes
and i've for some time tn they found means to sup
port themselves. lie did 1t after the surrender Of
those VINO received 1t and without previous agree
ment, without having offered anything; and the
whole amount scarcely equaled quarter part Of
ono months expense or carrying OIL the
SPANISH Discomfort.
there were secret political conditions OF more inn
porta.nce. Neither IS this true. 1t suited the
opaniarus 70 '.he use OF TINS idea ana SO offend
Martinez de Campos; and 1t suited the Cubans be-
cause it indirectly disposed him to make greater
Is wen uhoerstood that IN MS conversations before
the peace with the insurgent chiefs and afterward
liberal Cubans, he was very frank and careless. I'M
reserved In his conversation. convinced. it
would seem. daily more aud more of the
necessity and convenience OF certain reforms.
ana tnas oS what was promised IN zapjou was
concessions and more extensive reforms but during
the negotiations neither as man nor as representa-
tive OF the government did he offer more than
written in the document signed and published in
zanjou 1t has been said and repeated that he offered
public places for civilians and grades in the militia
for the military men. Pure inventon II he had
promised such he would have fulfilled his promise
Not single nsurgent has entered the ranks of the
Spanish army; few Cubans insurgents not.
have been admitted to public Offices In general
nothing has preJudiced Martinez do Campos so
proclaimed the freedom of the negro slaves
w in anE nf In imam ant
army. They would have wished them to be
returned to their former owners and to have con-
have been satisfied with any such arrangement; nor
was Martinez de Campos the author of this conces-
that OF Canoyas del Castillo had ordered this and it
was practised daily. When the slaves who were in
complete liberty If they had left the isand Mar
tinez de Campos generaiized what was already de-
creed.
CUBAN COMPLAINTS.
The liberal Cubans have harshly criticised the
political concessions for Cuba. The General was
authorized by tho government to make them more
extensive and precise; IL he did not do so it was
because he could not, and o good negotator, did
not wish to compromise. his government for more
Hnez de Campos is not politician; he understands
nothing OF politics. When he obliged to
definitely state the concessions of Spain ting
the political institutions hc, not remembering what
the constitution of the State determines asked in
formation OF his colleague Jovellar by telegraph:
who. though he had been President OF
the Ministry. was ignorant all. and
called his secretary-young, ignorant, infatuated.
interruptions, real mnion OF his MASTER
and giving him the telegram of Martinez de Campos
Charged him to answer it. Whatever his motive
yovellar replied to Martinez de Campos his
tary proposed. saying that neither the constitution
nor any other law disposed anything. Two days
Afterward they found out that the eighty article
Of the Spanish constitution states how the politics
Cuba aud OF Porto Rico shall be directed. Then
Jovellar sent telegram to Campos. including the
text Of the constitutional. preccpt. 1t was too
late Martinez dc Cainpos, Obliged to determine his
CONCESSIONS, not wishing to exceed his promises
nor compromise himself. and remembering that
some reforms had been conceded to Porto Rico,
placed rs hts frat condition. OF peace that cuba |
should have all that had boon given 10 the other
island. without knowing without positively wish