, 1879-03-02

''A*'A'-A @4AN
obligatory protection OF It's SUBJECTS "atmn our
territory. They read as follows:
AIT. s. The United States q america ano lae
emperor OF China coraialf ~ changa hn his
hnnn a.a ,,i ailaaaae md also the mutual ad-
yantars Of the free migration and emigration Of
their citizens and subjects respectively from me
one country to the other Tor purposes ol culUsi. @
", ol trace, or IS tIerefore io,n in re-
nTohat;no snr nfher than an entirely voluntary
emigration for these PURPOSES. They consc,,
q4ently agree to pass ians "ahi t9a states nr
onense 1or c1tlzen oa h;neen T snh;acts either
to The I1nited Statcs or to any other foreign
country. or for Chinese subject OF citizen Of
the United States to take citizens OF lne onl.eo
states 70 Cnna- or 10 10y 1tt aepsant -.
snas,ct;ra1,. sEa, %isaT1' ene'f 'fee A"O '
ARr. 6. Citizens Of the United States visiting
or residing in China shall enjoy the same PRIV
ilcees, fmmunt:es, or exemp1lons 10 lspeS' ~. ~
Ia ta'gt or Iesloence as ar .ho most favored na
i'm. and recinrrcsi1v chinese subjects visiting
or residing in tbs United States shall enjoy the
same privileges, immunitiea, and e1empnons ~
fespect 70 travel or res1oenet a. { II +bs moet
fa9oJe oe+tan tne IL no,hnr hcren contained
shall be held tn confer naturalization upon citi-
zcns of the United States in China nor upon the
subjects OF China in the United STATES
An examination OF these TWO afue4es III ule
light Of the experience tnen tnnusnt1ot ~ suE
gesting their necessity WILL sno" tnat Int n1'n
article was framed IN hostility 10 "na' seeueu
the principal mischief to De eua'oeo asa'os'' W
Wit: The Introduction o1 Cnlnesc iaoofefs "
methods which should have the character o1
forced and seryi1e importation, and not for
voluntary em,pration of freemen seeking our
s-e ...".E r,a :, manper consist
oao1ee upon inos4ses A"u s.....s.,a-. 80 -.
ent with the system Of our 1n6t'1at'ons u4'o alr
proved by the experience OF the nat1on. ohQues-
tiopably the adherence Of the Government OF
China In these Hhera1 principles of freedom In
enoioratfon with which We were so familiar, and
~-,tI ,,t;ch va ,,a-si ., val, sat;saed. was
WILL "A'en ne wac ~ "e
GAEA1 AosA'o1
towards opening that Empire 10 our clYlllzatlon
and religion, and gave promise in the future Of
1raa+er and oreater nracttcal results in the dif-
5.s.. .,ra1,rhant +t,e+ oreat nonu1at5on of our
1u9oa tn4ousnoas 'AA
arts md industries, our manufactures, our
| material improvements and the sentiments OF
;.r,or+.nt - .ho u 4a1fara nj mankind. The first
'.npo' '1o' ~ Lie ~ .h;- ..aoz....a -.
clause OF tn1s afncie secures tn1s aeeeptauee ] ~
China OF the American doctrines o1 1ree emf
races ] of the carth. The SECOND clause, however,
tacea o1 ~. ga W" ~ - 49, -. o,,+,.o
in ITS reprooatlon OF any oInet luau nn susne
! II voluntary emigration " Of ooth tne nieu coI-
| tract;ur parties, and in the reciprocal
| ob1io,tions whereby NC secured the solemn and
F's,.sas a.1.oo.,a,+ m tbe mart of The CIV
| ol'lui11laeu 1-x..-. :.
| ernment OF Chlna,: 10 pass 1a"o naA1n5 ~
penal offense for citizen OF the United States
or Chinese subtects to take Chinese subjects
eirher to ;he United States or to aay other for
eign country without their free and voluntary
! consent. constitutes the great forcc and value
and in its practical service towards our protcc-
t;on @ aeainst sccyiIe importation in the guise Of
;or,;oT.t;on S1ou
o,-,,p-orrx.r,
cASHof as n". ..,...
| It commits the Chlnese doVe1nWeut 10 artNe
| and efficient measures TO suppress tn1s
| in'quitous system "hefe tnose measures
afe Moss HIEeeI3ea.3 I.31a3 ~ +ha covernment =
s.,1r snoss ~ 4re. y;ght ~ snc measures and
toos1 ans ,ud " onnortpnitr of Insisting unon their
neaus anu ,,9 - con,n13;nt and resenfmenr at
% their NEGLECT.
h.t ae 4ha ,9ressnra of laTer exnerience of our
nuas es CO.. go " ,'or ~ :nttention NJ
t,s:s Gs,snt.s sSsa1tia1 ~ nnhic welfare
aa,,s ss - he N he ri@ht direction and to con.
| ee:Ms ~ s;.srtnras 1h;ch onca ra|;n
wy l:tpo aao+ .o..s ~ -. aasii-, roc"ra~od
| 4t1aneo' 41sa eaanod T.: +nnic which 1nterestef1
.,a ane +ua e~c Eovernme1ts nnder The ac-
t, tne .nndf+;ons n th;naa WhIch nrnu,nfetI
| ~, p,.r1fuoorun Treaty. .ras the Qlennafe 0r0.
1880. ,,nSar solemn and definite guarantees
~ t+-. ~ rh;nesc already in this country
ond ~ .hose wno ehnmld seek oiir shores. This
,na. nu ths ,,,;ect and forms the snhiecI of the
ash 49, art,cto hr Thoze recfnrocal engagement
- n;t;vaos ,ni snniec.s ri the two fioycrn-
e,.s 10 rnsnoct;velr listing Or residing in the
Tn.,r n'T ~ t1,e otIs7 nre secnred the same priv
;1.ras ;nmnn;t1es or eremnt1ons There enioyed
s ~ rir;1ans ~ snhiects nf the most favored
u1+;nI,e ~ tno ~ -
Tne 3re,tv of 1s5s to which these articles are
,adS sunniemental nroyides for great amount
~ rSxIe,re md n1ntetion both OF the persons
~ ,,rnn:.rtr If american citizens in China.
@ Wrt r "a rnon the sixth article that the main
hv hns ~ he .reatr~,ohts and securities of The
,Sh;oesa ~. oIr.a1r Il this country denend. It's
shrneationl were he rest Of lie treaty left in
sorcc apru4s, wonid ,eare Them to such treatment
1otee' "oo.u .s.1.s .ccon1 T..ru
As We saooAo seAoH iAAtAA Aeeo'sD 1a"..
by 'ohr laws and customs. any treaLy 90.
li9atiou would be wanting TO restrain
our liberty OF action towards tnem' or
measure or sustain the Heot OF .nc
| Chinese Government. to rcafess III tne1r
behalf. The lapse OF ten year5 since the neSo,
tiation Of the Bnrlfngame treaty has exhibited
to the notice Of the Chinese Government, "a as
we'll as TO our own people, Tue "olhhiS ~ LH1'
experiment OF Immigration IN great numoeIs u