, 1879-06-09
THE FARM AND GARDEN.

Joining lleln there Hls kHall p1tGn bt tlh"hoIl
wheat, about C. foot high. Both kinds were
planted wiki drill. the same day, and on soil
as ucnr ullke ms 1. Is possible to flua it.-not a
dozen rods al,ars. Tile Cnwsun appeared s,nnii
nna insignificant by comparison, although It
iDny thsesh out better than anticipated. We
should guess ile Fultz wheat as swcnty-ayo
bushels to tho acre, and tho other at len OF
twelve. THIS IL tho difference hctreen profit
able md MI Improbable vas!cty. BY the why,
how 1nuny farmers have over figured out
Tns COST or GROWING wHstTi
The following, f1um the New York Tribune,
throws little TIGHT on the subject.
An American writer In NttrbohM'& FrensnT co,n-
Eat pIAccs t'lr cost Of cultivation n.t hnsvcstIn1
Western wheat, with cxnonee nf scud IND market
Ing, al SO pnr nsrr, 10 ailtyn ~ 70 pe! cant intef,
twenty ,'"nr buahela put acre.. he makes tte cost
nor Hnrhel 10 cents On boar! the cars, and ny At
Ltvcrponl. including freight md eharscs T., lhs
barely within, 10 shlllsn2a (S7. .50} now, which. 10
nss',tncs. will, within twenty ycnrN, he increased,
nccc.sitv md cost Of ferliscrs, 10 10 Or l5 ai:
liH1H., This view Ia by no moans hopcfnl ono Tor
.hv wheat -etosr capaolAI!y a. h!s est!nnto , 81 of
iha Northwest and donho thu average Yield Of tie
whole soul!try. making tho aStua! eost o. hosni
sa.. a. ":t ss et % s tnu ,Fey 5eH!
tn'ng their nnh wotk without counting ttmc, en-
p1aYodnr estimating tts value. and aome doinR
dnction Of 4 busi,c Of wheat. Yet the Average
results OF that labor, a. ahoWn by ,ttlrehhEu7-
machine records and carcfnl catsnatos ba"od uuo1,
them, 1eaye but amnii margin for profit per acre.
Thn official cstln,ntea fas ten ycars pa.t. from
lXun tn 1879. ncinsiyr. inadn tho avctaRe Yield
70, ts pt 4 su,ss, nsr s ID s IT, H.
range during the pcsiod was from 81. ~ e 9t7 a.
Tho yalAo Of }rtlkh acre Of wheat Is eolaoln Less
than three linus this amount, ht,d oftun much
fFilH thEth Ia NEARLY GuUnl 10 value
OF tho Wheat hcre When thu YIELD falls he1owt ten
bnthcln, 90 I. has sevtra! year* u atnHatota nnd
highest repute, tho unrcmunerattve return causes
general discomfort, and tho moro carolese cult!-
yno,' % snla, hsnyy loss umaqr TO- nF'sth snthins4r Sp
nrattlcs thu highest economy, and dcye!op, tue
htgI,est skill. can cxpcet To p,sospor IN ratsins
vi! N se ,o SW u naa 1s% vas
at nutninn, price, and will be at the cost Of the
futAts nroductirene.s, OF such soil. 4 COURSE
tD nhing 10 present aud permanent Increase Of fer.
tity Ii practicable nntl Infinitely preferable.
UNrRoriTAnLE cRors
are tho rule on very mnny farms. Men 10 not
count the cost, ns,tl seldom u,nke note OF tho
amount derived from any given crop. II tho
1utercat on the mortgage is pail wllan due, md
tho grocery and ssore bills ART not crowded for
collection, lurec proportion Of our citizens arc
content. We hare III mlnd a neighhor who q
few ycara n,o catnu to ll,is county and bought a
quartcr-scctton Of land. paying down ou,y
small sum. 1le raised very fair crops, but n.ndo
no money, Ills crops cost more thnn 1lc Got tor
them, al,d to-jay he is poorer than when, ten
years ago, he burdcned himself With quarsc,-
section, when he only flad cnpltaa enough tu pay
for "forty." This Mau often spent his own
and a hired mas.'a ttmB Ii cu1tiVatiug eighty
acres Of corn which hal only half stand. When
the corn was sold, II did not pay expenses. 30
he ra,l bohlnd each year. utld is now tenant on
tue farm 10 onco hoped to owu. T'lcro>arc u
great tnnuy farmers who once thought t'cn-
selves prosperous, but arc now bank upt. This
IL truly
A Rad sTATE or AFFAIRS;
but they havo no one hut their own Ignorance
Of business principles to hlano. II man with
$500 e1lnlta' should como to this city, purchase
stock OF goods, uo matter what kind. aud OK.
pee: 10 meet l!is bllls PROMPTLY. have unlimited
carriage, il would only he u question Of d few
.,,,ofl.ls before ho failed iEu0Inn!ously, But
with ten times the capital no might succeed 10
IL ia with farinor OF small Hlcnns. Many nun
have come into this county without cent, OF
captal; bought land on credit: aud then, when
thor iai!cd 10 mnkc enough TO pny Interest,
tnxns insurnnco, repairs. hired hulp, md stero-
bills. they turned around nnA blamed tho lsr-
nuhlean party nn its !inanS!a! LEGISLATION M 1 tor
Of tbs Nntnnal Or Gseenhack party III thu eo4n-
try Is matlu III. The balance Of tho party is
composed Of otl!cc.scokers. 0nr.half Or more
Of It does not know enough to manage ats own st
business; tho other portion Is too lazy 70 Nork,
aud prupose to live OIL The other hall.
. MtsBRr HAS COMPANY.
OF latc years r1 hive been taught to look
upon Eustcen pconle as all bOndlolierb nlll
nunay-lrhdcrs. lilo profits Of New England
farming, oi their cheese and butter tnctor!es,
r7f
to Wcalcrn farmers. hut MI IL nut bright,
fssa fsspoaauat sa;"R of ifo Rsre IA" v:%: Yorker;
Thousands of farms in ynrmont must 20 under
Es ~ sse bIr s
tos which theY ara bonded; f1r. hcsaas lha fe :
cline III value. tho enbarfasaod farmers have. In
buildings, and land run down. until ths nuyernnst
hi prepared 10 hhd 10 ttia purchase many heavy
9 rspsafi a ~
largely for iH'nlemcnts ami supplies. nf some af
thoss who harc died In my lcghborhont within tho
DaSk few oars, H4pptstt to be- quito Hell.Ou, tEe
catatus hnyu paid loss than a0 c0nh on lhe dollar
RusstAH AprLHs.
There ts quito leulund fur ttis kind OF an
piles, especially from unscrlpulous trco.ped-
ttlers, who hesitate a. n0th!IiE 10 long as they
ca,, make moncy out Of Il, Tie followln. from
aI,s Bloomington itania9raph gives wrong lin
preston Of il.ese varieties:
A firm In Central Einols has Just imported from
Moscow, iiussta. u package containing enough
soans to esuft saa,o Il 900 applc.treca with nbonl
1U0 varieties Of tha moro hafdy Class Of ltussau
applea, ESPECIALLY ndaplel to tho inclenlent wln.
lars oi Northern IIinots, Wisconsin. luwa, aAd
Minnesota. Tho VAt1vkies nFu prolific in 1sArknK.
and etpsclslIY desirable on account Of tholr ksop
| tng qualities.
The fact Is, lAat, out Of 100 lsuas!au apples u
wInter varieties, ur any other seaSou, nut tlora
than five or six would b0 Of my value la out
climate; they would not evaD prove hunjy.
About ton years ago. u very large n1l1lbor Of
varieties were lnp0ttsd by tlo Department ol
Agriculture, mud disseminated all oycF ltc
West. 'Na net oyer 100 varieties In the tops ol
bcarlng tgora; but only tow. were worth sle
| trouble, Russian apples have been rs conltno,l
Ii this country as native variottes foe twenty:
Ilvo years. Among thu earlier yarfetios that
| have proved valuable are the Red AstEachan,
| Duchess of 0ldenburg, aud D4rsdot1er. The
latter Is the lustiing winter variety III many
parts Ut Europe. Amnug ti.e newsr sorts art
Fouetl. Of Julv, Teto(sky (althouga w cannot
ses any differences bxtwcen thsm) Emperor
CnsrlItnoski, mud perhaps Two Or three otlier*
Tie Alexander buara we'll tu soma sections, but
| Ia Of no yaiuc hers. Aside frutn Tho var1ettet
! l,atned we have little faith IN tho so.cailet
Nusslan apples. Tho simple fact Of their Inv
Ink originated 10 Russia u no warrant that they
wifi sttnd our wiuterp. VERY few OF the nat(ys
Nov England varieties Of applet &rs hardy Il
the West.