The New York herald., 1879-09-18
PRESIDENT HAYES
Speech Of the Chief Magistrate at
Youngstown, Ohio.
POLITICAL ISSUES FORESHADOWED
The Administration in Accord With the
Sta'warts.
RESULTS OF THE WAR AND STATE RIGHTS.

YOUNGSTOWN. Ohio. Sept. II. 1879.
The Presidential party left Cleveland for Youngs-
town on the regular train the Atlantic and Great
Western Railway about seven O'Clock this morning.
The party accompanied by largo number Of
the most prominent citizens and officials Of Cleve-
land and about fifty survivors of the Presidents old
regiment-the Twenty third Ohio. Immense crowds
were gathered at the various stations along the way
At Youngstown salute fired the train
drew into the station. The President and party
were mo- at the depot with guard composed of
members of his old command ana escorted to the
public square. where the President was introduced
by Captain Bottsford of the Twenty-third regiment
A brief address of welcome and responses by the
President and General Sherman followed.
PRLsIDxNr HAYES SPEECH.
At O'Clock procession was formed and
marched to the grove near the city. where the
requisite preparations had been made and where
an immense crowd Of people. estimated at from
5000 10000 had gathered The President. having
boen presented. spoke as follows:-
CoAnADEs AND FELLOW CITIZENS After almost a
year spent in Washington. engrossod in public
affairs 1t great pleasure to visit again my friends
in Ohio, and especially to meet many OF my old
comrades at this yearly reunion of the Twenty third
regiment. Since we last met at Willoughby year
ago there has been vast nlprovem ent in tie busi
hess condition OF our country. Whatever differences
Of opinion may be still found among the people of
this Of Ohio to the Importance OF the resump
tion or specie payments and as to the methods
by which it has been accomplished. there
in Youngstown, and which is making rapid progress
in the whole country. about which imagine
al heartily agreed. When last visited this beauti-
fu. valley Of the Mahonng. four years ago. the nan-
cia crisis. and the gloomy outlook for business and
labor and a. capital. Occupied the thoughts and DC.
them. whether in public assemblies ut their places
of business or at their hospitatie homes. Now,
however, how great and how gratifying IL the
change! All around here. and through
out the country. generally. VIC cheer
only have specie payments been resumed, but busi-
pess activity and profitable employment for capital
interest of this valley-the great iron interost-ai
ready begins to share largely in the beneft of our
improved condition. and therefore heartily
gratuate all classes Of citizens in this large assem-
blage on the present favorable business situation
and on the bright and encouraging prospect which
the future holds out.
There Is subject Interesting to every citizen, and
in regard to which wish to say few words. Since
our last reunion in several OF the States and in Con-
gress events have occurred which have revived the
discussion of the question as to the objects for
which We fought in the great conflict from 1881 to
1865; and as to what was accomplished by the fnal
What was settled by the war; What may
those who fought for the Union justly claim and
what ought those who fought for secession, iaith-
fully to accept the legitimate results of the
war? An eminent citizen OF our State. MIR. Groes-
beck. said some years ago that "war Iegislates He
regarded the constitutional amendments as part
ut the legislation Of the for the Union and sad
with significant emphasis. land they will stand
The equal rights amendments are the legislation Of
the war for the Unicn. and they ought to stand.
sireat always legislste. little more than
claimed ana held by Fraace. General Wolle on the
Plains of Abraham. settled that claim. the
.of entire section Of the country England For
L few years its chief ruler the English King.
was again tS. subject Of war leaisaton os
and it became part OF the United States. longer
under monarchy, but under free republican
government need not enter into any dis
russion Of the Of civil war.
We all know that the who planned
the destruction of the Union and the establish
ment OF the Confederate States, based their attempt
construction OF the constitution called tho
State rights doctrine and interest peo-
pie OF those States in the extension and perpetuation
OF slavery The doctrine OF State rights WAS that
each State was sovereign and supreme. and might
nuilify the laws of the Union or secede from the
Union at pleasure. They held that slavery the
natural and normal condition OF the colored man.
and that. therefore, slavery in this country could
and should be the stone of free government.
No man has ever stated the issues OF the civil
than Mr. Lincoln: In any inquiry as to what may
fairly be included among the things settled by our
victory. all just and patriotic minds instinctively
turn to Mr.. Lincoln. To him, more than to any
other the of the Union and liberty is tn
debted Tor its final triumph. Besides, with all his
wonderful sagacity and wisdom and logical faculty.
dwelling intentiy aud anxiously and prayerfully
during four years of awful trial and re-
sponsblty on tho questions winch were con-
tinually arising to perplex and almost con-
found him he at last became the very ernbodinenr
Of the principles by which the country and its lib
critics saved. All good citizens may well
listen to and heed his words. None have moro
son to do 1t with respect and confidence. and genu
inc regard. than those whom he addressed in
his first inaugural speech as my dissatisfied fell
low-countrymen." The leader of the Union cause
was so just and moderate and patient and humane,
that many supporters of the Union thought that he
dad not go tar enough or last enough. aud as
sailed ssn. i, MS lis opinions ana MS conduct; but
who at last came to love him and to lean upon his
wisdom and hrmness with absolute trust, were al
together right, aud that in deed aud purpose he was
earnestly devoted to the welfare et the whole coun-
try and OF all its inhabitants believing that Mr..
Lincoln's opinions ot higher authority on the
questions OF the than those OF any other public
man either side OF the controversy, desire to
present them quite fully aud in his own language.
In tho third year of the wnr. and while its re-
suit was still undecided. Mr.. Lincoln made his
memorable address at the conservation OF the
Gettysburg National Cemetery, on the 10Th of No
vember, 1868. He was standing on the fed of the
greatest battle the war. He was. doubt deeply
had borne long. lie spoke partisan, en-
uttered and narrow and sectional. uut in the broad
that which wouli be worthy to be pondered by AL
of his country throughout all time. In his short
speech OF only two or three paragraphs he twice
spoke the objects of the war. in it's opening
and again in its closing sentence. The words have
been quoted but they cannot be too familiar.
They bear clearly aud forcibly on the question we
considering. -Four scoreIand seven years ago."
said MIR. Lincoln, 'our fathers brought forth ON
this continent a now nation. conceived in liberty
and dedicated to the proposition that all
men created equal. Now we are engaged
In . great civil war. testing whether that
nation, or any nation 40 conceived and 70
dedicated. can long endure" Aud again, in clos
ing, he id;-"It IL rather Tor US v " that
hore highly resolve that the dead shall not have
died In van that the nation shall, under God. ve
new birth OF freedom; and that government
OF the people, by the people aud for the people shall
not perish from the earth" No statement of the
true objects of the war more competc than this has
been made. II includes them all--natonality,
liberty, equal rights and seli-government. These
ere the principles for which the Union soldier
fought. an, which 1t WAS his aim to maintain and to
perpetuate.
rHE RIGHT SECESSION.
IL any one supposes that that construction OF our
national constitution which IL known ~ the State
rights doctrine is consistent with sound principles
let him consider a few paragraphs from Mr.. Lin
voln's first message to Congress- at tho extra session
OF 1861 Speaking or what was called the right OF
peaceful secessionthat is secessIon in accorJance
with tho national constitution--he said:--
This sophism derives much. perhaps the whole Of its
tho ASSUMPTION that there Is some omni.