davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26
Figs.
wise disappear

Tig E-Olsnus lrfyS Bo,Ck 4 TrlOJite Of the swedish
PTimOpiia rocks.
OF the species there representing them, the same
may be said as was said of those of the Primordal
But shall have occasion to speak more particu-
larry upon this point in nv next article.
~. Corre5pjaI3lc3 bs'C3ea the actual composition
and horg Of he life of The PriRordial Period and its
theoretical composition and history according to the doc
trine Of erOldOn.
According to the derivation theory we should ex-
meet to find IN the Prlmorlial Zone abundance
of species of the lower orders OF vegetable fe since
nlants derive their sustenance directly from inOr-
canic nature and would hence be best calculated
70 thrive and progressively decreasing number
of specifc forms IN passing from the lowest to the
highest animal types at that time displayed. II Is
hardly necessary to add from what has already
been said in my first paper. that we find the exact
reverse of this in reality. Perhaps the best means
ofillustratng this striking discrepancy will be to
eunloy a couple of diagrams; and. in preparing
these # NAV be remarked. | have followed the
method of representation adopted by NJ. Barrande
in his supplementary work on the Trilobtes of Boz
bcmia. published in 1872, when treating of the
same subject.
DIAGRAM no. l.
Theoretical Composition Of the PrimOrdidl Fauna and
Flora.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26
NAVY INTELLIGENCE.

WASHINGTON, July 24.-The following
leaves of absence have been granted LeutonsntCom-
mander James NJ Forsyth. attached TO the Navy lhu'
League Island, during the month Of August heuenah'
W. McCarty Little. attached To the trning-shp hnhe-
sofa for month; Mate +. NJ Poole. Que MONTH W
take effect upon arrival OF the Talapoosa at BOSTON,
Surgeon C. ;. J. Wells, attached To the Na'' i"',
Washington, during the month OF August rSna''or
Iohn II. stevenson. attached 10 the Navy faru New
York for one month"; AssistantEneineer George H. Il
Rabbit attached To the Bureau of steam EnEneerus'
for one month; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS" 's i,s.
60, ,,aobed IN the photographic Onice, one month;
Mater Downs l. Wilson, attached 10 The lydrosrapaSS
ONCE during August Master =, ~ 1AoNay' eon 3
~ - Uyircgranb,c Onice. for one month"; Surgeon :.
y shaw attached to the recevng-shipSt Louis dNfinS
,.,. snrgeon George r. Cooke, attached To tue navy
Yar,i issgna Island, during August; Captain & h'
,viI. Cnief signal Officer at Washington duriLik W.
80 lieutenant T. A. LY Ons, attached 10 tue ~ ~
sTap6io Oace, for one month Pay insPeesoto l,r.
wIR,m. attached to the Navy Yard, Wa,aihSx III, az
,ng August; Chie!-Engiueer Charles r. - Anon,
tached 10 the rcoeying-smp Colorado u ~ Inc Navy
and Carpenter John A. Dixon, aItaeno" y" Wv
Yard Boston. durpg August.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26
GALVANIZED IRON.
MEAL DOW ASKS WHEN, WHERE AND BY WHOM II
WAS FIRST USED.

To the Editor OF The Tribune
SIR: Iron is now galyanized-that is, COW
cred with coating OF zlnc-on an enormous scale
Almost all shpwOrk is thus protected from oXda-
ton Iron tubing and sheet iron thus treated are In
creased but little in cost while their durability is
doubled. quaJrupled and, in many cases, extended
almost indefinitely. Docs anybody know when where,
how and by whom the gavanizng OF iron first at
tempted or what furnished the first hint that led to this
great mprOyem in the iron trade, and to the origin
Of tins great Industry This is all know oft:
Many years ago there small iron foundry In Port
land Maine owned BIZ M'ssrs. .Wyse IL Noble OF when
Samuel Edwards was the foreman. knew Mr.. Edwards
well as a most excellent citizen, thoroughly acquainted
with his trade and curious tbe causes OF whatever
new thing came under his notice. at his office in
the foundry one day. and he called my attention to
matter that had Interested him very much. He had
small boat with which he accustomed TO anuse him
self IN his leisure hours and he showed me the rudder
aud an oar belonging to this boat The rudder irons
were little too large for the rudder and IN fitting them
he had taken two or three scraps OF sheet zinc and
doubled them over the edge OF the rudder aud had
then driven the irons upon them nugy ana mad secured
these in their Place with iron ryes the ends OF
which were neatly filed of ush or nearly so, with the
rndder irons. The blade OF the had been slightly
split and Mr.. Edwards had wound around II snugly a
narrow band OF sheet znc and mad secured 10 place
with the common iron OF The shops This rudder
and the had been used in the salt water constantly
through whole season, but the iron Yets ana the
burd tacks ~ the rudder and were as clean and
bright as az the moment when they were put IN place.
Mr. Edwards was very much struck with this curious
| focf-rou preserved from oxidation by mere contact
with zinc-and he thought the KNOWLEDGE OF IL might
Io, fn most ,mnnr mt results sent au account chi,
discovery at the time THE TRIBUNE, in which It was
published suggesting that some mode might De dscOY-
yybich IRON especially sp-woTk, could be preserved
inaWD Whetier his accdcnal discovery OF Mr.. Ed
wards had any connection near remote, with the pro-
cess OF coating iron with melted znc am n,I T%re
| does anybody know ANYTHING about ltf NLAL DOW
i l.,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26
THE CITYs SALT WATER PRIVILEGE.

tn me EditOr or Thc IFtOdH
SIR: If New-York were an inland city her
NOM alton would sigh for the blessings which she but
n,rtally enjoys in the glorious salt water supply that
Nature has so lavshy provided. Born In this city, and
having witnessed its growth and sanitary necessities
nj feeling Just pride 10 whatever tends to add to It's
preat ness and comforts, 1 often wondered why
some OF our leading have not publicly urged tho
utzaton OF the SAT- river water, through the medium
OF distributing pipes Tor the purpose OF exngulshng
fires ana the cleansing OF the streets and sewers. IL Is
well-uown fact that the supply OF Croton water in
many parts OF the city very limited and OF necessity
the public are debarred from its use during certain
hours OF the day, owing TO the inadequate supply. BY
the Use of the Holly system salt water could DO drawn
fon the te-waer channels and forced through pipes
Ia All parts OF ths city In uGycrfalllng quantity
When fires occurred, by acceCratng tine stea-pumps.
great force could b. added 10 the supply, and threaten
Inc conf gratous suppressed n their incIpicnt stage
nv The use OF puzzle saltwater hydrants each block,
MI of our streets during the heated could be
Thoroughly cleansed nightly and thus the sanitary
diton of tho city be improved by the liberal hOw Of
sails water the would be ceansed, and thereby
much disease ayertcd. Citizens could have the refresh
ing salt water introduced into their bathrooms which
would certainly c0Dduce TO healthtnluess Respec-
fully yours, BEN W. HITCHCOCK.
Nee YOrk July II. 1879.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26
SERIOUS ACCIDENT 70 SRYl1oR pLArE

MERrDEN, Conn.,, July 25.-The Hon. Or
vile H. Patt Senator from Connecticut. received what
II is feared may prove to be serious INJURY, from an
accident while fishing with his brother, on Thursday Of
this week. Washington. Conn. part OF the bridge
on whcn sitting way, aud he fell backward
distance Of feet upon the rocks In the bed OF the
stream He very much bruised, having struck hrst
upon his back then upon his side. II at first feared
that his ribs were broken or spine injured But II is
scarcely possible, yet. To tell now severe or how
slIght MS mi unes Will prove. Senator Patt Is en-
thuslaso aud successful sportsman, and spends pOr-
lion of nearly every Summer In the AdirOudaoks He
was originally "a resident OF Washington, although he
nus TOT many years lived IN this city.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26

tba sifuposed OF some knd OF
marine worm; KeeSovle, New-fork
The suddenness with which many different
genera and species of Trilobites come upon the
scene would seem to strongly favor the opinion that
thew had at least existed previously in some other
quarter under the same forms; and were the
phenomenon an exceptional ore in geological MS
tory it wonld he difficult to set aside the FORCE
of the plea. But as l shall hereafter SNOW
when treating of the life of the other
Surian periods il is not the exception, but rather
the rule and that tho same thing, III the case OF
other classes was excmpfcd over and over again
"a geological time went on. II will possibly he
urged that the Trobites may yet be found at lower
levels and possibly in still older formations. and the
same may be said of the other Primordlal forms SO
far as concerns their existence in earlier formaions
but have felt it my duty to leave Hypothetical
ancestral or Primordial forms to the future of
science and restrict the sphere of the subject mat
ter of my conclusions to that of wellauthenticated
facts
H. Frdepce as TO the derivation of Primorda species
from each other.
Among the numerous PrimOrdia species now
known to science there are none that safely be
set down as ofshoots from other species. As rule
each species maintains its own peculiar characters
M to the date of its disappearance. In the case Of
certain species, however, We meet with yaretal
forms. that is, with forms which vary some
what from the type of the species; but
these variations appear to have very linn
tied range at best, and never become fixed IN
amount or kind. Were the reverse the case such
variations would of cOnrse become ofspecic value.
Certain genera, too, closely approach each other
in structure Is to render their differentiation mat
ter of very great difficulty. As an instance of this.
may refer to the American genus Olenel'as which
was originally regarded by most biologists as true
Paradorides, but which, of late years, has been
shown by the facts learned respectingits embryonic
development. to stand widely apart from all other
known genera. The persistentabsenceo of welmarked
intermediate forms among Primordial species must
be regarded as fact of first importance to science.
III. Evidence that Primo'dia genera or species rsre
the ancestors Of subsequent genera or species
have already remarked, in my first article that
at the close Of the Pr,mordia Period nearly If not
quite all of the species disappeared never more to
reappear; and the same fact. in the case OF the
Trilobties, may be stated aS true also of the
majority of the genera. A considerable number OF
the genera appear in the rocks of the succeeding
period, and, like the peculiarly Pnmorlai genera,
maintain their characters genera ill they like
wise disappear.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26

Tor the value OF this series IL that 10 usurps the place
me yellow covered books, and IL improving the taste ~
he Glasses who can only afford purchase the
DOoks But that Ia 40 cannot the beucyoence o. tae
puoshors extend upward and publish other editions
There ~ great demand for McCarthy's history bn,
tne only editions arc the English. at 20 volume and
arpers at 20 cens aud the latter would oe destrosd
before passing through one readers hands. Respect
fully, ,,'n. 'Pr'r
LellOr. Mnss July IL 1870 NNi'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26
ALIBRARIAN'S DILEMMA.
d,tor Of me Tribune.

To ne Editor or Tie IrI0UHe.
SIR: What are we who have control of
town ana other small public libraries to do IN the mat
ter of supplying readers with fresh publications II
the present style Of issuing them IL continued The
:, Franklin square Library" monOpozss tue greater
part OF this best English fiction ana books OF travel and
even popular histories, aud yet this series Is worthless
Tor braries Il unbound and number remains to-
geher only long enough for reading II bind up
half dozen together then one person Is monopolisns
the volumes which shoald properly DO distributed
mong i've The only OF sument baye seen advanced
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26

able variety, the plants appearing under the form OF
sea-weeds, and the animals as Anpelids among
Articulates, Brachiopods and Pteropods among
Mollusks, Crlnoids in the form OF Cystideans
among Radates and Sponges among Protozoahsi
but there are no crustaceans. Higher up these
make their appearance, and under muititune oi
generic and specific forms, of which nearly an are
Trilobites. We have no evidence that any OF these
forms proviouslv existed elsewhere either as the
same or different species.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26

Fir 2-Oldaania antigua. a supposed vegetable iossn
from PrmOrdal rocks of Bray Head, Ireland
natural size
But we shall do well to remember that the ques-
ton is not in any sense one of dignity OF concep-
tion relative absolute, bat Of fact and further.
that if settled at ALL it can oly be by the patient
and persistent accumulation and study of every
possible kind of material relating to the structure
and history of animal and vegetable forms alike Of
the past and present.
There is at present no evidence that any Of the
species Of the Primorlal Period were derived from
earlier species. The in which the species
of the various classes come in as we proceed from
the lower to the higher members of the zone is
very remarkable. and offers apparently insur-
nountable obstacle TO such a view Thus. in the
lower beds of the Zone of late years extended by
the discovery of Pnmordial fossils in tbs bottom or
CamLrian rocks of the old world, We find repre-
sentatives of animal and vegetable life in consider
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26

In these diagrams. the black horizontal lines rep
resent the development In point Of number Of species
of the different tribes or classes With the facts
thus summarized, need scarcely do more than re-
ouest the reader to carefully compare the diagrams
with each other for himself in order to see how the
case stands. noteworthy feature of the exhibit
is the absence In the Primordal life of Cephalopods
Acepbala and Polyps. or animals of the cuttefsh
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-07-26

DIAGRAM so, Q.
Aciaal Composition Of the PrimordGl Fauna and
Flora.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
More Mention.

Editor OranyeJuay Democrat:
We had the pleasure Of listening to
Il most excellent sermon, delivered by
Rev. j. Hawkins, editor of the Luthc-
ran Visitor, on the 2nd instant, at
ST. Matthews Church, from End Cor
inthians, 18th chapter, and 5lh verse.
He had been previously solicited 10
deliver sermon on the Great LutEe.
ran Reformation. this being its 3G2nd
anniversary. Fears were entertained
that we would have disagrceablc
weather, but the day was all that
could he desired, calm and pleasant.
Long before the hour for divine SER
vice had arrived, q large anxious and
interesting congregation assembled.
We feel our great i; ability TO make
any comments on the sermon, and
will therefore leave it for more
able pen. II is not enough to say
he fulfilled our expectations, we were
highly pleased, and not only we, but
4 good many Others who heard. He
is looking remarkably we'll and in fine
spirits. His daughter accompanied
him. Sound in doctrine, whole soul
Lutheran, efficient pastor, full OF
Christian piety, and as an editor he
has few equals. His highly appre-
ciatcd aud welcome Visitor shall al
ways claim 4 place in our heart and
home circle. How any Christian
households can get on without their
church paper we arc at 4 .oss to know.
We felt ourselves honorcd to have so
distinguished 4 guest with other
friends 10 dine with US on Monday.
May lie long live 10 serve his church
and his Creator. A.
OAK GROVE.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
That Moriuaue.

We dislike very much to parade
our private affairs before the public,
bnt inasmuch as the editor Of the
Times has seen fit TO publish the fact
that "A. Wcbstcr holds mortgage on
our paper, for the purpose, no doubt,
Of trying TO ininrc our business, we
feel assured VIC will be indulgcd
while we make 4 short statement in
regard TO this matter: When we
!lrst came TO Orangcburg one year
ago NC purchased The material, upon
which the Ldisto Cloriom was being
printed, from A. Webster. Not be.
ing able just at that time 10 collect
some money that We had out, we ask
cd and received one years indulgence
OH the purchase money, ST, 200, for
which indulgence NC paid ten per
cent. interest. The mortgage ma
lures on the first day of January,
1880, about six weeks hence, when it
will be promptly met aud taken up
by us. AS our readers can see there
is no particular harm in this mort
gage. The giving Of this instrument
was simply business transaction,
and its being unwarran!ahly dragged
before the public by the editor Of
The Times, only shows to what extent
some people will SO in their wild at
lemrts TO injurc their ncighbors.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21

and the ladies preferred to use it.
He thought it would be better to get
four machines rs one skilled work
man could attend that many and
twelve boys or girls could manage
two machines.
DR.. Barton moved that q commit
tee of three be appointed TO inquire
into the matter and report as soon rs
possible. The President appointed
DR.. w. i. Barton, II. Riggs and MIR.
Hadley rs the committee.
The Society here adjourned to par
take Of splendid dinner prepared in
the next room. After completing
this very necessary work and drawing
new inspiration from the Presidents
dcmijohn, call was made on DR..
J. c. Holman for speech. The Doc
tor acquitted himself handsomely, do.
ing full justice to the dinner, the
wine and pine straw.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
The Supreme Court.

We clip the following paragraph
from the Beaufort Crescent: "Thinli
of Governor Simpson on the Supreme
Bench with q telephone from the
Broad. street Clique to whisper in his
ear the law and the gospel. Where
would small-sized attorneys be if
they happen not to be regarded rs
necessary factors towards making a
place on the Supreme Bench of South
Carolina what it once was-a place
Of private station" Gov. Simpson
would lie as far above the influence
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
Observation-Disclosures.

If there is one characteristic Of oul
nature more fully developed than
another, it is in being unselfishly dc.
voted TO our friends and In practicing
forgiving charity towards orr enc
mics. We fully and freely forgive
The editor Of the Times for any inju-
~ that he intended to do us in drag
ging our private affairs before the
public, but we would embrace this
opportunity Of reminding him that q
man who lives in n glass house should
not throw stones, rs they might
do him more harm than the parties
for whom they are intended. The
editor oflhc Times with great ilour-
isl of trumpcts announced that his
title to iEai paper was recorded. We
suppose that is true SO far il goes.
But while prating about the mortgage
that is over our paper why did he not
go or and tell about tac mortgage
that Geo. Boliver has hanging over
the Orangcburg Times. Strange as it
may appear Bolivcr does hold 4 mor!-
gage over that paper, and to make
the matter worse he will hold it for
two years 10 come as the last pay
mcnt is TO be made some time IN 1882,
unless Bolivcr should see fit TO ac-
ccpt the money and release it before
that time. We invite the attention
Of the public TO the accommodating
terms upon which the IIne"s was sold
10 its present owners. 1t was bought
by them in January, 1879, yet tho
first payment is rot to be made until
January, 1881, two years after, ard
the last payment in January, 1882,
three years after its purchase. We
were not in sucl high favor with the
Radical from whom we bought our
material as 10 get such accommodate
ing terms. Our obligation must and
WW he met on the first day Of next
January, while the proprietors of the
Times have, until January 1882 to
meet theirs. Inconsistency thou art a
level"
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21

claiming an interest in it by reason
Of purchase and otherwise; indeed, It
belonged to no one man but to Il
company, a part of whom were pray
ing that an accounting be had and
their portion of the assets be paid up.
We, ut tic same time, frequently
urged our counsel to push matters
that the suit might be closed nnd our
purchase Of the paper consummutcd.
While the paper, including its fl
nanccs, WAS thus in the hands Of the
Court, we received scvcnty-fvc dol
lars FOR our services, not from Mr..
Bolvcr rs the Times charges, but
from Gen. j. L. Iglar, our legal advis-
cr in every step VIC took. We had
nothing to do with Mr.. Boliver, never
made any agreement with him about
pay and never designed to do so.
The paper being in litigation, of
course, We had no control cf its H.
nanccs, nor could ne make any ar
rangcmcnt Of the kind with Mr.. Boil.
Yer or with any other member Of the
company who had claim upon the
concern. 1t was Il matter between
Gen. 1zlar and oursclf exclusively
The suit is still pending, and no legal
disposition can he made of The paper
until the Court decides who owns it.
With this statement we dismiss the
subject.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
Calhoun Monument,

Mr.. Tilman r. Gaines, Col. Il.
Slobo Farrow, Col. G. j. Foreacrc,
Col. w. l.. Calhoun, of Atlanta,
Gen. A. G. Darlington and Col. r.
Pope, arc nominated as q committee
10 inauguratc plan for the erection
Of monument 10 John G. Calhoun.
1t is suggested that handsome
bronze statue of Calhoun, on granite
pedestal, be erected on the west side
Of the Seneca river, near the Calhoun
mansion, Immediately on the Air
Line Railroad.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21

OUR Democratic contemporaries Of
prominence readily agree with us that
Horatio Seymour would be the best
Presidential candidate the party
could name. but they are inclined TO
seriously doubt whether he could be
induced TO make the race. We be-
licvc such fears 10 be groumlless.
Gov. Seymour could not, would not
refuse to respond to his party's call
were he to be nominated. He is too
much statesman, too much patriot,
TO allow his personal wishes to hinder
the consummation of great national
good. We know he does not seek
the executive office, bnt that Is not
the question. The Democratic party
and the country itself are seeking
him. Washington P2st, Dem.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
A Desperate Lovers Doom.

ST. LOUIS, Mo-, NuvEMEEr TO-
Charles +. King, who shot and killed
Mrs. Dora Braemscr, a married wo-
man, with whom he was desperately
in love, on July 4, 1875, withdrew
his plea Of not guilty ofmurder in the
second degree, and was sentenced TO
the pcnitcntiary for twenty years by
Judge Lougl lin. When sentence
was pronounced King made a strong
protest, saying that his lawyer told
him if he would take this course he
would receive light punishmdnt, and
stating that he would rather take the
chances Of conviction under the origi-
nal pleading than 10 be subjected to
so long an Imprisonment. lie asked
the Judge to withdraw the sentence,
which request was refused, and q mo-
ton 10 set it aside will probrbly be
made.
The Orangeburg democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, 1879-11-21
OF this dreaded i5road-street Clique,

OF this dreaded Broad-street Clique,
VIC hear so much Of, rs any man in
the State. 1t is immatcrial TO us who
is elevated 10 the Supreme Bench, rs
we feel assured the Legislature will
elect no ono who is not worthy and
competent TO fill the Office, but VIC
must enter our protest against the
above paragraph as it does great
injustice to gentleman whose pri-
vatc life is pure, and whose integrity
is above rcproach. Oppose Cover
nor Simpson if you want to, but do il
in Legitimate way, or it may re-
bound and kill your candidate, who
ever he may be.