New-York tribune., 1879-04-05
THE TRANsvAAL AND ZULULAND.

MILITARY AND POLITICAL MOVEMENTS IN SOUTH
AIMCA-ANNEXATIoN OF THE TRANsyAAL-THE
ZULUs DRAGGED INTO WAB-rHE cAhPAiGN-
COLONEL PFARSoN's EXTREME PERIL
The accompanying map is designed to IL
lustrate the military and political movements Ia sOuth
Africa which refercuco is made nsary every day In
cable dispatches The miniature outline in the corner
shows The relations of the British Colonies: Cape Colony
belng at the base OF continent, Natal being sand
wIchcd wcen the Kafr District and Zululand. and
recently annexed Transyaal lying to the North of
On the northeastern edCo Is seen the Portuguese
territory adjacent to Deagoa Bay.
The first English settlement in Natal was made at
Durham tsee email outine 1923 but the Dutch were
there as early as 1860. In 1897 an immigration Of
Dut,h Beers IN from Cape Colony. The Zulus mas
sacred their and themselves compelled 70
give way after several battles The Dutch then esiah
.shed what they called the Republic OF Nataa. The
Governor OF British Cape Colony at once took pos
Republic and the Dutch settlers were
forced to submit. In 1856, Natal became a separate
British Colony The total white population Is from
20 900 to 10000 while the native, number 100000.
The frontier of Natal which exposed to the ncursions
OF the Zulus shown on the larger map.
The Transvaal. like Natal, settled originally by
Dutch colonsts from the Cape. Thirty years ago they
established independent state which recognized
by the British Government. The Zuus claimed tue
territory between Blood River and the boundary shown
on the accompanying map. The Beers contested Ihls
claim, and finally. after unsuccessful war concludeda
peace with the Zulus which the British authorities IN
Natal regarded as Illuminating to the whites Under the
prctext that the security OF the European settlers in
Natal WAS endangered by the relations between the
Transyaa and The Zuius, the Dutch Republic was an
ncxed TO the British Crown IN August, 1877. The
territorial question, which had been con
stIut source OF trouble previous To anneNs-
ton, referred to special commission
and decision rendered IN favor of tho Znu claims
This decision was virtually Overruied by Sir Bartlc
Frc4c aud the Beers. who I'm possession Of these
disputed lands the Blood River we're allowed 70
retain them. The boundary was left as 1t is shown on
the map, the claims iof the Zuus TO lands In Pom
COLO Valley being fully conceded The authorities III
Natal sent to CetywayO last December an ulumatum
based upon surrender Of certain chiefs engaged IN
0u,ragcs the disbauding OF the Zulu army the establish
OF British Resident in Zuiuand change in the
marriage customs among the natives, and CONDENSATION
DGtch settlers who bad been compelled to leave their
farms.
TIE main crime OF which the Zulu King has been
guilty seems TO he that he has made himself very
strong He maintains large standing army, and
dsc pines his troops. Concerning the territorial ques
ton, Nerlx recently summed up the follows:
t Is certain that the people of the Gransyaal
ant settled upon district which Cetyway said be-
lOuged To hlm. When We annexed the Transyaal the
rights TO whch pretended became ours aud the first
thing had 10 do TO settle the question Of the dis
pucd territory. We proposed inquiry into the claims
OF the Transyaal people. Cctywayo agreed. We pro-
posed arbitration lie assented and asked to appoint
the arbltratOrs. The result that the Transyaal
claims proved to be unfOunde1, and the territory
was given up to nim But maintained that the Euro
peaus who had settled iu the disputed territory must
not be disturbed their Eoldings and We took them
under protection. This proceeding CetywayO did
understand 1t appeared TO him that II the land he
onsed 10 the Zuus II ought TO be occupied by the
Z1ius, and that to MAINTAIN the ntrudiug settlers Ia
their possession OF lands which, according 60 own
tia iiug, they never had any right, was con 'onaon
and q continuance Of the wrong. Acting this belief
has h3tn serving settlers with notice to quit and
it, doing has dencd authority. IL II war Of
policy. The real cause is nothing that CcywayO has
done. but dream of power which Sir Bartle Frcrc Was
sent ont fulhl. Just LORD Lytton sent ont
similar mission To India.
There are about 100000 natives Ia Zuuland and as
many as 10000 soldiers that the British army of M
vaslon was Outnumbcrcd three 20 Thousands Of
arms have been landed at DcagOa Bay within year,
aud delivered to the Zuus the Portuguese author
tiles being powcrless To stop the traffic. The soldiers
are therefore armed with Dreech-loaders Of i'm
proved pattern
THE CAMPAIGN.
When hOstites opened the British forces were
massed at four points the frontier Az the eampag