davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

THE WAY TO HANDLE SHEEP.-There
is right way and a wrong way, hard
way and an easy way, an awkward way
and skilful way, to catch and handle
sheep. A great many men will catch the
sheep by the wool on the back with both
hands, and lift the animal clear from the
ground by the wool only, Barbarous !!
Let some great giant grasp you by the
hair of your head and lift you from the
ground by the hair only! Would you not
struggle and squirm worse than the mute
sheep does when lifted by the wool? And
would there not be complaint of sore
head for week Or twoP If you do not
believe it, try the experiment. We have
slaughtered great many sheep in years
past, and when removing the pelts of such
sheep as had been handled by the wool.
we never failed to observe that beneath
the skin wherever the animal had been
caught by the wool. blood had settled. In
many instances the skin had been separnt
ed from the body so that inflammation
was apparent. We have known proprie-
tors of sheep to be SO strict in regard to
handling them, that he would order II
helper from the premises if he were to
catch n sheep by the wool on any part of
the body. Some owners of sheep direct
their helpers thus: When about 10 catch
sheep. move carefully toward the one to
be taken, until you are sufficiently near to
spring quickly and seize the beast by both
hands, then pass one around the body.
grasp the brisket and lift the sheep clear
from the ground. The wool must not be
pulled If the sheep is Il heavy one, lei
one hand and wrist be put around the
neck and the arm he pressed against the
leg" We have always handled sheep in
the way alluded to. We never grasp the
wool. Others seize the sheep by hind
leg, then throw one arm around the body
and take hold of the brisket with one
hand. But ewes with lambs should never
be caught BY the hind legs, unless they
are handled with extreme care. When
sheep are handled roughly, especially if
their wool is pulled the small bruises and
injuries will render them more wild and
difficult to handle.-DroUCrS' Price Cur
rent.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20
Whether Smut is Poisonous

1t has long been a kind Of open ques
ton, whether the smut on corn stalks had
any poisonous effect on cattle, and while
we have never seen any i'll effect from it,
use, it might have been due perhaps -tc
having had SO little of it to feed, but we
have regarded it always with doubt and
uncertainty. The following concerning its
effects is from a report of DR.. Gamgee,
made to the commissioner of agriculture,
and was published in special report by
Gen. Capron in 1871, with the title, " On
the III Effects of Smut in the Feed Of
Farm Animals This paper is mostly de-
voted to the malady of dry murrain, or the
inspection of the third stomach. whether
produced as he supposes it may bo by
smut or any other indigestbGe matter: "
Thus he states. I" From Dakota county
(Nebraska) we learn of dry murrain from
this cause (smuL; whereas from Shawnee
county it is reported. and no doubt cor
rpctly, that the same disease has been no
ticed among cattle fed on prairie hay cut
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

A BUsHEL OF CoRN.-w nenever a
bushel OF corn is spoken of it means, or
should mean, q bushel OF the grain 1t
does not imply bushel of cobs nor yet
bushcl of stalks, but of shelled corn or its
equivalent in weight of corn in the ear.
Practical men allow, as a rule, that a
bushel of ears of corn weigh from seventy
to seventy.ive pounds, according to the
variety. But the only accurate test in
any given case is 10 shell sample bushel
and then weigh the grains and cobs sep
arately. If the grain weighs fifty-six
pounds and the cobs fourteen psunds, then
seventy pounds of ears will be for that
crop equivalent to bushel of shelled
corn. Another crop, if of different vari-
city, even though grown in the next field,
might be found on testing the matter to
make bushel A bushel of ears, how
ever, whether the quantity is determined
by measuring or weighing, can hardly be
said to be trustworthy test of the amount
of grain, as the result in such cases
varies, not only according to the size of
the ears, but according to the manner of
piling them in the measure. bushel of
corn in most of the states, AS fixed by
law. is fifty-six pounds of grain, though
in New York it is made tifty-eight pounds.
and in some other localities sixty pounds.
The World
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

GARGET IN Cows.-Among the causes
of Inflammation of the udder, are bruises,
kicks, exposure to cold, leaving the COW
imperfectly MIXED, allowing her TO carry
milk too long, overdriving, improper use
of milking tubes, etc. BY way of treat
ment, give in the beginning of the disorder
IA dose of physic, composed of a pound OF
EPSON salts an ounce of ground ginger,
and pint of warm water. Give sloppy
food. Empty the udder by milking every
two hours. Apply hand rubbing, contin
ued twice daily, for half an hour at a time,
the palm of the hand being occasionally
rubbed over with flour or lard TO prevent
chatting of the udder. An ounce of aqua
| ammonia, three ounces of lard, and half a
drachm of iodine mixed together, and a
portion applied morning and evening, will
| be of service. Powerful stimulants or
blisters must be avoided. If abscess forms
| free incisions should be made with a
lancet, and saturated solution of sulphate
of zinc applied to the wound Western
| Rural.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20
For the Children.
whenever mammals cookie jar is empty
gently call her attention to the following
receipts: .. =.

whenever mammals cookie jar Is empty
gently call her attention to the following
receipts: q. =.
BUTTERMLK CooKIEs.-One and a
quarter cupfuls of butter, two-thirds of
euptul OF buttermilk, two cupfuls Of sugar
and one teaspoonful each of salerStus and
lemon extract.
CREAM COOKIES. and half cup
fuls of thick sour cream. one and oue-half
cupiuls of sugar. one egg, one teaspoonful
each OF salt, saleratus and caraway seeds.
Roll quite thick; enough for forty to fifty
cookies.
GINGER CooKIEs.-One cupful of sugar,
one-third of a cupful of molasses, one cup
ful OF butter, one teaspoonful of ginger,
one egg, one and one-quarter teaspoonfuIs
OF cream tartar and one teaspoonful of
Soda.
SUGAR COOKIES Two cupfuls of sugar,
one cupful of butter, warmed, one cupful
OF thick sour cream, one egg, one tea
spoonful of saleratus and one teaspoonful
of caraway seeds. This makes sixty to
eighty cookies.
BUTTER CooKIEs.-One cupful of sugar
one cupful of butter, two eggs, one and
one-quarter teaspoonfuls of cream tartar,
one teaspoonful of saleratus, and caraway
seed or lemon extract. This makes forty
to fifty cookies, which will keep for
months.
MoLASSES COOKIEs.-One cupful of mo-
lasses. one cupful of sugar. two-thirds Of
"A cupful of hot water. two-thirds of a
cupful of lard or butter, one egg, one tea
spoonful of alum, one teaspoonful of sal
eratus and two teaspoonfuls of ginger
These ingredients will make ninety to one
hundred and ten cookies.
SEED CooKIEs.-On cup of white
sugar, rolled fine, mixed with half CUP
of butter; half cup of sour cream
mixed with half q teaspoonful of saleratus
Add two eggs, thoroughly beaten. Season
with caraway seeds or nutmeg. Rol
thin, sprinkle sugar on. Roll lightly
once, cut them out in a circular shape
and bake in quick oven.
Boston CooKIEs.-One cup butter, ont
and one-half cups sugar. two and one hal
cups raisins chopped fine, one-half tea
spoonful soda dissolved in a little warm
water, three eggs, Il pinch of salt ant
nutmeg, and other fiavoring to suit thu
taste. Mix well. roll thin, or better still
drop into the pans with spoon, ant
sprinkle granulated sugar over each.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

VERMONT FARM.-The season here
abouts has been rather peculiar. Until
far into June we had no rain, with
weather mostly very cool, intermixed
with few hot days, then came hard
frosts, since which, rains have come. and
crops, though late, are looking fairly
well. Grass will come in better than was
anticipated. Potatoes are looking finely,
in spite of the bug. There will be full
crop of tubers if they escape the rust,
which has been very destructive in some
past years. Apples promise n moderate
supply. Butter, which is the principal
article from which the farmer can raise
money, is drug on the market, that is.
the common grades, of which quality we
have far too large quantity. We farmers
are told that we must make fine golden
article, which indeed would be the part oil
wisdom. We know the right, but still
the wrong pursue. Some are tempted to
throw up dairying and try some othel
branch of farming, but l think whoever
keeps on in the line he finds himself will
be the gamer in the race. The Jersey
COW is being sought after more now than
formerly, as the quality of butter becomes
more of an object to the dairyman.
At this time winter grain is mostly Sc
cured. Grain of all kinds is remarkably
good this season. Corn, although rather
backward, is looking finely. A mucl
larger breadth ison the ground than for
merly. Wheat raising is attracting the
attention of our farmers to quite an eX
tent, which is a step in the right direction
as we find it harder to raise money thar
we once did. Let us fall back upon oul
own resources to the utmost of our ability
The Self-sustained farmer is the independ
enl man.-C. Il. c., Lincoln, w., in diner
icaN CultlUator.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

These yields are by thresher's measure,
and as the wheat weighs sixly-five pounds
per bushel are less than the actual guam
uty. Mr.. Reed says:
This ground was carefully measured
and staked off, and the different sections
harvested and threshed separately, and
every precaution taken to secure accurate
results. The field is clay soil mixed
with some gravel, and has been thorough
y underdrained. 1t was sown to barley
he spring before the wheat was sown, and
yielded eighteen bushels per acre. Before
the wheat was harvested the sections on
which salt and guano were used looked
equally as well us those sections treated
with phosphate, bone dust and ground
limestone, and if they had not besn thresh-
ed separately, it would not have been pos
Sible from the appearance of the wheat ia
determine which was the best This fact
has convinced me that the only way to ar
rive at accurate re ults is to thrcsh scpa-
rately, as in this case sections yielding
thirty-seven bushels per acre locked no
better than those yielding twenty.
bushels per acre. think it not improba-
ole that fertilizers have been condemned
rs useless, IN many eases, when, II the
grain had been threshed separately, they
would have shown favorable results. .-
In this case the ground limestone proved
TO bc the most economical fertilizer, show
iug u profit over bone dust of 81 sc per
acre; over phosphate of $4.2S per acre
over guano of 50 20 per acre, and over
salt of s. so per acre. | am using the
ground limestone on about seventy acres
Of wheat this fall, and hope | may not
have occasion TO change the opinion form
cd from the foregoing tests, that in pro
portion 10 cost it is the best fertilizer for
wheat. The field upon which the above
tests We're made is being again sown 10
whra, with uniform dressing of one
hundred pounds of bone dust and three
hundred pounds of ground limestone to
the acre, and will be again harvested and
threshed separately, to ascertain the yield
of the different sections the second year.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

The 4" high farming" of England does
not and cannot supply her own people
with flour, beef or dairy products. Up TO
certain point the capacity of their soils
can be made productive; beyond that they
fail to be remunerative. even under a sys-
TEN of very high fertilization. Mr.. Lawes'
own experiments have proved that the
use of two hundred pounds OF ammonia
salts per acre gave an average increase OF
nearly nine bushels of wheat, and that
four hundred pounds gave further in
crease of nine bushels. but an additional
increase of two hundred pounds, or six
hundred pounds in all. gave an increase OF
only three and one half instead of nine
bushels; so that beyond certain point in
special manuring for an increase of crop
il does not pay to 90.
For American farmers the recent open
ing of great markets abroad for our wheat,
dairy products, fruits, beef, both dressed
and on foot, mutton, horses and other ag-
ricultural modities-chiefiy articles OF
human foods most significant and hope
Iul. Our resources for the production OF
these articles of prime consumption are
hardly yet known; no test, in fact. has
yet been made of our capacity in that di-
reeton. We do not yet know to what II
vast extent we can supply cheap meats
and breadstuffs to the masses of the Old
World, to people who, from the high
price of homegrown meat, have long
been unable to have 1t on their tables
oftener than once week, but who now
have it once day. Our western and Pa
cific coast wheat fields and corn fields (the
great section for cheap made beef and pork
Of the very best quality and our southern
ranches-where we may grow the best
mutton sheep in the world-are compare.
lively INFESTED. And in the matter oil
cOrn-f fed beeves and pigs we are certainly
to remain champions OF the world and t.
fear competition from no quarter what
ever. But, although our resources are
great. we must husband them and manage
them in so judicious way that there will
be no waste or ruin. Proceeding pru
IDENTIFY in this matter we may become il
truth the great feeder of the people of the
world, the producers of food for the ma
lions and may do it in such u manner tha
our systems Of agriculture may be con
stantly growing better. True, we have
IN abundance of ferlilizing elements with
in our own borders, but it is not too early
Il day for our great farmers to proceed
with caution as to ever drawing upon the
fertility of our farming lands, west rs wei
rs east.-AmeriCan CaHiUator.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

Copper saucepans are better than any
othore, because tho superior conducting
power of the metal prevents the heat from
concentrating in any particular part to
such an extent as to produce burning
The interiors Of copper saucepans should
be kept timed. The saucepans sculptured
on the obelsk at Heliopolis are the same
in shape as those used by US to-day, and
the reason of their shape shows the sagac
ity of the ancicnts, and their progress in
the art of founding and moulding. When
liquid is heated in a vessel having per,
pendicular sides it easily boils over, but
when the sides incline inward at the top,
it cannot well be thrown out by ebultion
alone, for the, heated waves, as they rise
are directed toward the center, where
their force is expended against each other.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

If you are to have USE for timber or
other lumber, to be sawed the coming
winter, and have not got it on hand, you
can still peel your hemlocks for the pur-
pose, and in good thrifty timber nearly as
well as earlier in the season. And while
peeling some last week, and in digging
stones in the swamp piece we appreciated
the comfort and paying value of ice, good
cold water just when and where you want
ed it. That was one thing we forgot tc
speak about on Mr., Dutton's premises-his
ample ice house. lie considers ice one Of
the Indispensable things for good farming
Just try putting up Il little ice next winter
and now is a good time to fix the ice house
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

There has been steady decrease in the
number of sheep kept in Illinois, accord
ing to The returns made to the department
of agriculture of that state, for the past
five years. In 1874 the number was
1,036,S3l, and in 1879 762799. This de-
crease is largely with those breeds raised
exclusively for wool, which cannot be
grown in that state SO successfully as
sheep pastured on free government ranges,
or on low-priced lands in the western
territories. In his report for June, Mr..
Fisher, the secretary of agriculture, saws ::
" The increase in the number of prime
mutton sheep is not keeping pace with the
demand, and the satisfactory returns re-
ccived of late from the sale of good.
grain. fed mutton will encourage Illinois
sheep breeders to give more attention to
this remunerative branch of stock raising
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

WHEN TO APPLY MANURE.-"Rural, y
of the Chicago Tribune, has his opinion
about applying manure. Hear him: We
consider it best to spread manure during
late winter and spring; then p'ow it under
and grow crop of corn. Neither oats
nor wheat usually do we'll on ground
freshly MANFRED. Where possible, we
should spread it on meadow, and. after
taking off one crop, pillow it up and SOW to
wheat. Ii corn is grown, SOW wheat in
the standing corn with drill. or cover it
with small cultivator. If we apply
manure to the wheat crop direct. we
should apply it after the ground has frozen
as mulch.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

Attention is still being directed to the
important market opening up abroad for
American horses, and the necessity of
united effort in our own country in breed
ing such class of horses as are in most
demand. The rapid extension of horse
railways in various parts of the continent.
the demand of the German army, the uses
of horses as hunters, to say nothing of the
constant demand for driving and carriage
uses, draw largely upon home resources,
which are not sufficient to meet the calls.
Almost every week American horses are
shipped abroad TO fill these demands, and
recently mules have been purchased in our
country for military purposes in Europe,
or for the uses of foreign governments.
There is not likely to be u less demand for
years 10 come, and our breeders should
endeavor to meet it in advance, by rear
ing class of heavy, serviceable horses,
that will always be snro of u market
abroad.-EGChGnget
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

We have received II notice of and invi
tation to attend the Orange county fair tc
be held ut Bradford the 23d. 9th and 25ll
of September, and we intend to ge. They
are wide-awake society and have GOOD
grounds and good exhibits; also seized
ule of premiums of the second annual fail
of White River Valley society at Bethel
September 10th, 18th and 18th. This yeal
marks new departure in the policy of tn,
society and we wish them success. Gov
Smith delivers the address. which will b.
worth hearing, we prophecy.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

Is CLOVER A FERTILIzER?- The follow
ing may throw some light on the subject
About twenty years since man obtained.
by lease, tract of land for Il term Of
years, most of which was worn out and
exhausted rye land. One field of ten acres
was sown with rye when he took it. The
lessee gave it coat of ashes and a good
sprinkling of clover seed. The rye Welded
six bushels per acre. it was so thin that
the clover had sufficient room TO grow,
The next season the clover covered the
ground completely and was allowed In
remain on the ground the entire season
In the spring of the second year the whole
was plowed in and the field planted with
corn, which yielded forty-seven bushels
per acre, and it has remained fertile fielI
TO the present time, and is very valuable
land. -Nea0 England Homestead
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

In conversation recently with n most
intelligent gentleman engaged in the
sheep and wool business in Texas, we
mentioned the shrinkage or loss on the
wool in consequence of its being foul with
burrs, when he said, !" Yes, but burr my
land, not the feeces of my sheep" an
evidence of pluck and business principles
easily explained by the fact that the gen
tleman was a Vermonter who had carried
with him to his Texan rancho his Yankee
ideas of thrift and he means of WANING
success. And that is the why toachieve
success, every time. Ee &G p r
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20

FERTILIZERS ON WHEAT.-Mr. w. W.
Reed, Erie, Pa, states in Il local paper the
results of some experiments by him the
past season with different fertilizers on Il
field of about fourteen and one half acres
sown to Lancaster red wheat in the fall Of
1917. The field was divided into six sec
tions, five of little over two acres each
and one of about four acres-the last alone
being without fertilizers with the exception
Of little lime, while on the other five
were respectively applied the following:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20
agricultural department.
ON. TINkHAM, Editor.

All communications for this department should be
sent to the editor. Mr.. o. NJ. TINKHAM, n. Pom
fret. Vt.
Please write side Of the paper only sign such
name or initials as you wished published, but give
your FULL NAME AND ADDRKss post office, County and
State.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20
SANFORD'S JAMAICA GINGER
MILLIONS
ELECTRIFIED!

Science holds the lightning in her hand. What was
the terror of millions is the minis teriug
angel of other millions What killed now curse
ELECTRICITY. as grand curative and restorative
agent, is not edualled by any other element or med
cine in the history of the healing art. Unless the
vital spark has fed the body restoration by means of
electricity is possible 1t is the last resort OF all phys
clans and surgeons in suspended animation and has
sccceeded in restoring muscular action and life when
the breath had apparently left the body The value of
this great element in the treatment of such diseases
Rheumatism Paralysis. st. Vitus Dance Inflammation
of the Kidneys ETC., remains unquestioned by the
highest medical authorities But how apply 1t to any
part of the body continuously conveniently and eco
nomicslly7 The invention of COLLINS voLTAIC
PLASTER meets this great popular want land furnish-
electricity to millions of unhappy invalds in SO
perfect manner to challenge the admiration Of the
medical faculty COLLINS vODTAIO PLAsTERs con-
sis tot silver add plates attached tog
er and imbedded In highly Medicated Plaster. For
and Inflammation of the Lungs, Liver, Kidneys Spleen
Bowels, Bladder Heart and Muscles, Collins Voltaic
Plasters the most speedy safe and effective RENE
dy ever offered the afflicted and are warranted super
ior TO every other plaster before the pnbc Price
cents. Sold by all Wholesale and Retail Druggists
Throughout the United States aud Oanadas, and by
WEEKS POTTER, Proprietors, Boston. Ask for
and insist upon having ..r r--. -
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-08-20
TRAINsaoINe NoRTHA AND WEST.

Leave Montpelierats sOs 45A. M, laO and $780, 5S
DAY EXPRESS leaves Boston via, Fitchburgh at 90
A. NJ via, Lowell 500 A M. New London BOO 4. NJ,
Springfield 5000 ~, Montpelier 30 p X. for Bur
AoCoMMoDATIos Train leaves Northheld at 3 80 A. N
Montpelier B45 A. NJ, for Burlington Rutland, st.
Adams, st. Johns and Richford. . .
MIXED leaves White River Junction 30 NJ. North
held 10 20 NJ, arrives at Montpelier IL 70 P. M
Saratoga Express from White Mountains, leaves
Montpelier II 3OA NJ for st. Adams Burlington, Rut-
land and Saratoza Springs.
Accomm odation leaves White River Junction 30 P;
NJ. Montpelier 565 M, for Burlington Rutland and
st. Adams. =,
NIGHT EXPRESS leaves Boston via, Lowell at 200 P.
NJ via FitchburRh 500 p. NJ, New YORK 3OO NJ,
Springfield 500 NJ, Montpelier 80 Am. for BurlinK-
ton, ST. Adams, Montreal and Ogdensburg, and the
West
Transleaye Montp eierfor Barre 90 A. M, 1000
NJ, and4 30P.M
Returning leave Barre att asa NJ and lO.5OA and
b20P NJ.
running between Montreal and Boston, and Montrea!
and Springfield, and New York aud via, Troy, and
Parlor Oars and Day Express between Boston and
Montreal
Parlor Cars attsched to express trains between
White Mountains and Saratoga Springs.
Through ticketsfOr Chicago and the Westfor sale al
the principal stations. -
Genl Supt.