davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

the strongest hold on the appetites of men,
and is never found in market in too large
quantities. Poor. imperfect butter is
always despised. 1t is an oulcast. The
poorest laborer who earns enough to pay
for a good living, every week, will not
eat it. 1t is rejected of men, and it would
have been better had it never have been
made. The system of creameries and the
improved methods practlced in our best
private diaries, have led in recent years
to the production of butter of greater
uniformity, and of generally higher grade,
than was commonly put upon the markets
u dozen years ago; yet to day the criti-
cism upon the butter in our own market
is that it lacks uniformity, it is deficient IN
high quality. and not enough of it comes
up to the high-water mark of "a No. In
Some of it, much of it, does Of course; but
there is too much poor butter handled in
all the markets.
Among private diaries there are the
most widely differing practices and Gus
toms employed in all the details Ct bvtter
making, from setting and Swimming the
milk to the marketing of the product. In
so simple an operation rs butter making
one would hardly think it possible for so
many variations and modes Of procedure
to be employed as is found among private
dairymen. There is the setting of the
milk in deep or shallow cans or pans, the
skimming of the milk, the churning of
whole milk, the scalding or heating OF
the cream, the different modes of churn-
ing, the working or not working, the
WASHING or not washing, sailing OF not
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

ASPARAGUS. There can be no better
time than the present to make asparagus
beds. Deep spading or blowing, and
working in II good body Of well rotted
manure upon II piece Of well drained soil
are tie essential preparations for the crop.
Good strong plants, one and two years
Old should be procured and of Il good
variety. Conover's Colossal is the best,
and we advise it in preference to any
other now in tie market. There is u
great difference in practice about the dis
tarce apart the plants are set. For culture
on II large scale by means of the horse hoe
or cuItivator, three feet by two feet are
not too great distances; but in the garden,
where it is necessary to economics space,
the plants may be set closer; if the Guilt
vator is to be used, the rows may be three
feet apart and the plants set one foot from
each other in the rows; if the hoe and
fork only are to he employed, they may
he set rs closely us one foot each way.
To set the plants. II trench about eight
inches deep should be dug along the line,
and in this the plants carefully placed, 50
that the roots Shall spread out freely in
every directions; after this cover in the
plants, being careful to work in soil that
is fine about the roots; this last caution is
hardly necessary, for it is supposed that
the preparation given the soil is so thor
ough that every spadeGul is fine and mel
low. After planting, cover tine ground
with dressing of old manure, but do not
use fresh manure, as it nearly always
contains more or less of weed seed ready
to germinate in the spring - Nch'S Maga.
zine.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

How BUTTER Is SOMETIMES TAINTED.
Winter and spring butter is often very
much injured in flavor by allowing cows
to eat the litter from horse stables. Cows
are not unlrequently very fond of this lit
ter, though it is impreonated with liquid
manure from the horses, and if allowed
they eat it greediy; and the effect is that
their milk and butter will be tainted with
the taste Of this kind of food, in the same
way that the flavor is injured by eating
turnips, but to II more disagreeable degree
If litter is allowed to be eaten, it should
be given TO cattle not in milk, and on no
account should mich COWS be allowed to
consume other than the purest and sweet
est food. Very nice butter makers are
sometimes at II loss to account for stable
talnls in butter especially when cXtraor-
binary precautions have been taken to
have the milking done in the most perfect
manner. and SO on in all the processes of
handling the milk until the butter is pack
ed for market. Still the butter has Il dis
agreeable faint, and the cause often comes
from allowing the COWS, when turned out
to water and exercise. to feed about the
horse stable, where they consume all the
litter which, on account Of its being soak
ed with liquid manure, is cast out of the
stable, -Rurat New Yorker.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29
Why Cream Rises.

We give our readers this week an arti-
Gle on the science of cream raising, by
Mr.. Van Patten of Burlington, which we
clip from the Country GenAtmm.
Mr.. Van Patterns views the most nearly
meet our own of any we remember to
have seen or heard on this much-talked of
subject. on which the most eXtctly oppo-
site theories have been conf lently put
forth.
In Prof. Arnold's statement, that fats
exptnd and contract more with heat and
clld than water, it is no doubt true in
liquid fats; but being true, would, if the
fats in milk were liquid, retard the rising
of cream rather than hasten it in the APP
pication of a low temperature in setting
milk.
If the difference in the specific gravity
of milk and the fats in milk be say 05, nj
seventy degrees, and the fats expand and
Contract more with heat and cold than wa
ter then the greater the cold the less the
dffrcnce. and carried down to forty
L,.r.eS would greatly lessen if not entire.
" uv,rcome the difference in the specific
grlvit,, aud then there would he no mo
ton of Using where all the fluid was OF
the me density.
We believe Mr. Van Pattnn did not in
r"I t. i, III what he did say thai
"ln"S.> aprnl-nts are directly opposite t.
whit | hriievp to be ftrtS,' rs no d0ubl
tll, general law state | by Mr.. Arnold is
correct or. 1t least, ptrt of it; i. C that
fts QQlid) rxpnd and contract more
with heat IN colt Than water, and then
Of course, if the fits be liquid, and milk in
which they are held suspended, be water
thea Til. lie ,st difference would be at til,
,ow temperature, and cream wouldn'
iiSc. But it does rise, and rapidly, too, il
low temperature, and so the theory OF
| :lst Il ference specific gravity must b,
incower aud the cause looked for in an
other direction, which we believe Mr.. Van
Pat TN has stated correctly, in the butte
globulrs being solid flts, and thus coming
un.Ier the o,her law stated, that solid fat
like other solids, expand and contrac
with heat and cold, less than liquids, anC
therefore under these laws cream will ris
when milk is set, if let alone.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

SOME NOTES ON BUTTER.-Butter is not
n manufactured article in the sense that
cheese may be so considered. The former
is strictly speaking, product of the
dairy; the latter is that and more too.
The one is practically unchanged in the
manipulations through which it passes
the other by the introduction Of IL foreign
substance and by the changes wrought by
heat is more completely manufactured
article than butter. Yet Notwithstanding
this, butter is less uniform in quality than
cheese, although one would think. consid-
ering the differences in the methods of
making, that the reverse would be the
case. Between gilt edged" and grease"
butter there is wide gulf into which is
plunged all these grades of good, common,
poor, imperfect and bad articles of con.
gomeration called butter,and which make
up tho ninety five per cent of the buffers
which find their way to the markets: for
strange as it may appear only five per
cent OF all the butter received ut our great
markets throughout the country, is Of
such character rs 10 pass for first class,
or the real "glt edged " article. This
last the perfect butter, is that which
always commands the highest price, takes
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

Bro. Chcever Of the New England
Farmer has been discussing the various
methods Of milk setting, and agrees with
the views we expressed some weeks ago,
and the lea Of IL practical test of the va.
riou5 methods by some competent persons,
and that we have right to look to some
of our agricultural officials to take hold
of the matter. He says:
Looking at it in this light, it would
seem that no time should be lost in max
ing the attempt to settle this question by a
thorough course of experiment, carried on
by men who are fully competent for such
an undertaking, and who will exercise the
caro- and patience necessary for COM
plete solution of the vexel problem
Considering the magnitude of such an
undertaking. it is hardly to be expected
that one individual will presume to settle
it by his own efforts alone. 1t should be
entered into by some organization, board
of agriculture, experiment station or asso-
citation that can afford to work slowly
enough to mako sure of correct answer,
when the answer shall finally be obtained.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

As it is difficult to find blacksmith
that will take the pains TO sharpen and
temper the drills right, if one has many
rocks to remove, it is best TO procure II
small portable forge and do the work al
home. An intelligent man, with ordinary
skill in mechanics, will soon learn to
sharpen and temper drills better than he
can hire them done, and spend less time
than he would have to if he carried them
to the blacksmith. Care should be taken
to avoid overheatng the steel in forging
or tempcring. Cast steel drills should
never be heated above II cherry red for
tempcring, and not much hotter for forg-
ing. In tempering, the drill should be
taken from the water when hot enough So
that. in II minute it will soften the point
to the right temper. which for an ordinary
rock is II blue sprnkled with copper col
ore spots. This may by some be consid-
cred out of the line of farmers work,
but the time has come when the success
fol farmer must be master of the situation,
prepared to do all branches of work on
his farm and keep his tools in good order.
We cut the above from one of our ex.
changes, but neglected TO mark it, and
cannot now give proper credit.
If there is another subject in the world
on which so much nonsense is written as
on the farmer and what he should be and
know and do, we don't know what it is,
and don't want 10. Here is II man who
wants the farmer to be IN universal gen.
ius. to do all branches of work, to keel
all his tools in order-a blacksmith, u
harness mpker. shoe maker, mason, Il
tinman, II carpenter, etc., etc, and viii
the Tools necessary to each craft.
We commend to such people tho exam.
pie Of the late Reverend Mr.. Murray, who
being an able man IN the pulpit, though
himself able to add other things thereto
and attempting much and many things II
once, spread himself out very thin ant
came to grief thereby.
We do not believe it possible for man
to be II good ftrmer and all these othc
things at the same time, and if it wer,
pos bic, would be poor policy. Let the
shoemaker stick 10 his last and The
farmer carry his shos to him to be cob
hel, IN his drills to the blacksmith ant
give his attention to his farm and it
work.
The uulrs are necessary; their work
men are worthy Of their hire and will b.
as likely 10 Ito II job in their line well II
one who, serving no apprenticeship, an,
not having constant experience in til
work, attempts IN occasional job with in
fciior tools.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

SUGAR BEET CULTURE.-The agricultu-
raj department has made investigations
showing that considerable attention is
paid by farmers, particularly in Maine and
Massachusetts, to sugar beet culture.
Twelve hundred and fifty acres have been
grown this year in the former. and three
hundred in the latter state. 1t is cstima-
ted that refined sugar can now be produced
from the beet root at cost of rather less
than seven cents pound, If the present
experiments prove satisfactory the farm.
ers in the segar beet belt will hereafter
raise beets in large quantities, as it would
make profitable crop. The soil in some
parts of northern New England is admira-
bly, adapted for the production of the sugar
beef.-N. Z. Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

OUTLOOK FOR CnEESE.-A sudden rise
has lately taken place in the butter and
cheese market, and shipments arc now
very active. From the 1st of January till
the end of the first week in September the
exports of cheese from New York were
l05, 23,428 pounds in 1875, against 1l2,-
09l ,0e4 pounds in the corresponding term
last year. During June, July and August
the price of cheese was only from IA to
6 cents II pound this year, while is was
some 8 to S ID cents in 1873. This year
has witnessed the unusual combination of
low prices with scant production. About
the first of September dealers begin TO
awake to the fact that cheese was the
cheapest commodity in the market, that
cool weather was coming on, in which it
could be kept, and that the supply was
not large. The price began to rise in
consequence. and since the first of Sep
TENDER had advanced from IA cents a
pound to 10 cents There is strong
demand now, and the prospect is that this
winter the price will be high. -Frairje
Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

AN EXPERIMENT. An old TURKEY raiser
gives the following experiment: -Four
turkeys were fed on meal, boiled potatoes
and oats. Four others OF tue same brood
were also at the same time confined in
another pen and fed daily on the same
article, but with one pint of very finely
pulverized charcoal mixed with their food
mixed meal and boiled potatoes. They
had also Il plentiful supply of charcoal in
their pen. The eight were killed on the
same day, and there was difference Of
one and onc-half pounds each in favor Of
the fowls which had been supplied witt
charcoal, they being much the fullest anC
the meat being greatly superior in point
of tenderness and havcr,-Ncw YORK. Hcr
dM.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

SAVING CLOVER SEED-Farmers should
not neglect the second growth of clover.
because this will usually give the best and
largest yield of seed. 1t should be cut
when most of the heads have begun
to turn brown, left in the windows for a
few days, and then put into large stacks
on dry day. 1t may then be hauled to the
barn in cold weather, and the seed cleaned
out with clover huller, or the heads
may be beaten off with fail. and the
seed kept in the chaG for home use.
There are many farmers who annually
purchase clover seed that might be saved
from their own fields. -NeV York Sun.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

An ivy, if kept in the house, will not
flourish unless the leaves are occasionally
washed. Each plant leaf is full of pores
or breathing tubes, which are closed if the
plant is full of dusL-thus injuring vigorous
growth. Fifth avenue mansions are often
almost covered with wisteria which grows
10 great height and very rapidly-living
Out well all winter. Red brick walls arc
unsightly 1T best, and the timely outlay of
Il rifle might, in most cases, make them
exceedingly attractive.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

IIydrangcas are snowy summer flower.
ing plants, and IL few may be grown to
assist in dressing vases, steps or balconies
Very neat lowering specimens, only six
inches high, may be had by taking off the
points of the strongest shoots, inserting
them in three-inch pots. Tie up their
heavy leaves to II small stick; water free
ly, so us never to allow them to flag; place
under bell glasses till struck. The follow
ing season they will each prodace Il large
truss of flowers.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

The science of agriculture in America
is yet TO be written. In my judgment we
have not any. Why? Because we have
not any facts. Where are the men to- day
who are gathering the facts of American
agriculture by thorough, tlreless. exhaust
i've experiments? Nowherc.-Pr Stock
bridge.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

In storing potatoes several methods are
adopted, yet they are all practically the
same, the Object being to protect them
against freezing, whether buried in pits
or stored in cellars. The first considera-
ton is to keep them in perfect darkness /;
the next is, that the bins should not be too
deep--not over three feet-to produce
warmth and cause them to sprout.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

The press of fair" matters have
crowded out selected matter for some
weeks past. and this week we put in more
than usual of seasonabe matter which has
been accommodating on our hands.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

Isn't it about time somebody was giving
LeDuc Il kickP Say, We argumentative
to the Farmer, leave poor
"Granger' to hunt his jug, and pitch in
on LcDuc, tea and sugar culturist, Wash.
ington. But please to remember that
LeDuc's department ofagrculture receives
only Sl88,0O0 this year. Sl8S,000 divided
by $l7000,000 gives one cent as the
amount for each person engaged in agri-
culture in the United States. | believe
that LeDuc has given me my cents worth
of international orespondeM in ohio
FnrHle".
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

Fuchsias, after being exhausted with
blooming, should have the terminal shoots
of all their branches clipped off; then set
aside for two or three weeks, giving very
little water; then repot in soil composed
of well decomposed leaf mould, mixed
with sprinkling of good garden soil, a
few rusty nails and layer of charcoal at
the bottom of the pot to secure good drain
age. In few weeks new shoots full OF
flower buds will start all over, growing
pidly.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

NITRATE OF SoDA.-Nitrate of soda,
which has of late years become largely
usei as manure. is obtained chiefly from
Chilli and Peru, where 1t exists 10 a crust
of white crystalline appearance near the
surface Of the land. 1t is valuable nitro
genious fertilizer, the nitrogen being pres
ent as nitric acid in combination with
soda.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29
A L ARR |

(tATARRI j. disease of the mucous membrane
" Temperlments and constitutions vary its severity
in indivdu cases Catarrh may arise from cold or
succession of colds, from sudden change OF atmos
phere, wearing wet clothing exposure TO incement
weather, and becoming thoroughly CHILLED wnem tne
digestive ORGANS are IN llnrblu or inactive condlth
aud the strength and vital flrceS exhausted The dis
ease may arise from scrouous c0ndlt,on Of the DQo
from Scarlet Fever, Measles. and Dlphthefla ia whch
cases the eve and ear are generally involved and ds
charge quantities of matter The DISCHARGES from the
nose the distinctive feature IN all catarrhal cases from
whatever cause they may be thin aid wateryand
acid to Causc redness aud eNcurianon OF thc SKIN
with when they come in contact thick and yellow
white of an There may he an entire lack oil secre
tionth surfaces being dry and leYersh tue jag front
as if ii was encircled by tight unyiedinE band This
latter phase is called Dry Catarrh. The free matery
thickened, rendering brea hing through the nose diff
cult or impossible and the sufferer finds it necessary
breathe through the mouth thereby permitting cold
air to pass directly t. the bronchial tubes and un4s
The matter passing down the throat creates constant
desire to hawk and eXpectorate to throw IL on put
when the membrane is dry and ieverish, instead OF
passing freely down from the nose and throat the mu
be Cmes hard and forms into sCabs, incrustatons
aud hard lumrs which adhere SO hrinly 10 inc nasal
rassaees aud throat to require very persste eff
forts to disolge them. The in sympathy becomes
iutlamed red weak and watery, in the morning the
lids may be found glued together and matter is Sc
GREETED or less quantity. The ear also becomes
seriously Infected dischargng quantities of matter be-
sides being vae by the most violent neuralgia pains
ending frequently in inflammation, liberation, and
finally deafenesS, The throat, bronchial tubes, and
prostration OF the sy stem is superintendent
affections become alarming. . :,
brief survey of this most serious disease warns all
who afflicted with it to make speedy preparation
for its treatment before it becomes chronic. The ad-
yanages offered by SANFoRD's RADICAL CURE we CON
hdenty believe are tn he found in no other remedy
Every stcp in its preraratiOn every line in the drec
tons mark it scientific remedy. calculated to meet
every phase of the disease. The numerous testimonials
from the best people in the United States attest the
esteem in which it is held by thoss who have been
IL \
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29
JUST PUBLISHED.

carefully revised Treatise Catarrh, with an &C.
curate description OF SYMPTOMS and sympathetic dis
ca ses together with minute directions for enectnR
with SANFoRD's RADICAL. CURE speedy and perma,
cure. Also observations on diet and the general
health of vast importance to all afflicted with catarh.
1t is wrapped about each bottle of the RADICAL CURE,
or will be mailed free receipt of stamp.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29
agricultural department.
ON, TINkHAM, Editor.

All communications for this department should be
sent to the editor, Mr.. o. NJ. TINKHAM. n. Pom
fret, VT
Please write side of the only, sign such
name or initials you wished published, but give
your FULL NAME AND ADDRESS, post Office. County and
State
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

The great secret of keeping verbenas
and pelunias through the winter is to have
them struck early, and planted either in
boxes or pots by the middle of September,
so rs to be established before winter.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

Juyt ont TIE VOICE AS A MUSICAL INSTEU-
MENT Ly c. II. s. Davis NJ. d. (ji cts An invalua.
bic treatise the cnnstru" ion ard management. Of
the Vocal Organs. With plates.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

nn Scrap Book Pictures, III cts, l91 Transfer
EUU Pictures 10 cts StareuscOpic Views. ~ cts 6,
Card Photos 10 cts 6xs syU Uhromos 10 cts, 40
Transparent Cards 10 cts 20 Filtration Cards, ~ cts
100 Mixed Foreign Stamps 10 cts orthe entire lot for
Is cts. post paid. Address
FMlitf II. f. SLAYTON, Montrclicr. Vt.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

lust ont. STUDENTS LIFE IN SONG. (Sl 800 with
Introduction by Charles Dudley Warren lis of the
lQest of College Songs. y capital book for social
singing
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

Remember also THE VOICE OF WORSHIP. SO 90
per dOzeu) recently advertised Johnson'S New Meth
cd for Singing Classes excellent book $50. 90 per
DOZEN. aud L. o. Emersons Onward 80 per DOZEN
Send for Srecimens, Catalogues, or Circulars.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

Be careful to obtain COLLINS VOLrAIC PLASTER
a combinaton OF Electric or Noltaic Plates with a
highly Mtdicatcd lStrr. seen in the above cut.
Sold by all Wholesale aud Retail Druggists throughout
the United States and Cauadas, and by WEEKS 4
Propr.etors, Boston, Mass.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-10-29

OLIVER Dlr5)N n D., Dlst,l