The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1879-11-13
AGRICULTURAL.

better modes of growing beef and mutton
SO as not to be driven out of that market
by the Americans.
The Mark Lane Express, in relation to
land rental, taxes, etc., in Great Britain,
says: An owner Of 200 acres receives
g, 100 rent, and pays $l15 land income
tax. The tenant pays: rent, S2,100;
poor and highway rates $40; drainage
rate, 1915; income tax, S37 81; total
rent and tax, S2,977.5O, or at the rate of
S14.88 per acre per year.
The harvest of the cocoons of the silk
worms has proved very poor one this
summer IL Italy, the total, according to
a statement recently published by the
administrative commission of silk culture
at Padua amounting to only 1881, 046
kilogrammes OF cocoons. The largest
proportion OF this amount, some two
millions Of kilogrammes, has been pro-
duoed from the province of Cueno.
NORMAL, I'll, Oct. %.
I see in the last Prairie Farmer, cream
cry and dairy butter mentioned in two
different places. VIII you please give
me an explanation of what is understood
by creamery butter? By doing SO you
will probably enlighten many readers.
j. R. G.
Answer.-Creamery butter, like facto-
ohaasn Of III, clY re
where every fixture and convenience is
had for making first-class and uniform
article. Dairy butter ard dairy cheese
is all that class made by farmers and
others whose facilities are not good for
making a uniform article. This is the in
depreciation as usually received. Cream
cries, however, strictly speaking, are
those factories where both butter and
cheese is made. Butter factories are
those where only butter is made. Cheese
factories are those where only cheese is
made. In creameries, and also in butter
factories, the cream is churned either
sweet or when the acidity of the cream
has reached the proper point. Butter
| factories make better butter than the
average dairy. but not SO good butter as
to its keeping qualities, as that made il
| the best private diaries; that is, in those
diaries where the COWS are kept and
MIXED on the farms. Some of the rea.
sons are obvious. The milk under the
factory system can hardly be transported
the distances from the outlying farms tc
the factory without injuring its quality.
Again, the milk coming from various
sources, IL liable to differ in quality, and
will not be uniform as to the nicely OF
the mixers. There are other reasons,
such as improper cooling, carrying, etc
Dairy butter and dairy cheese is that
made at farm diaries, and when the work
is systematic and the conveniences per
feet it is the very best made.
Wind Galls.-F. NJ. c., Princeville,
Il.-Query: [ have a valuable horse
that has q few puffs above fetlock Oh
both hind legs, which [ suppose were
caused by usage. [ would like to know
if these puffs are filed with fluid or with
ar, also what TO do for their removal
They don't seem to hurt her any.
ReplY:-Ln common horse parlance,
these puffs are termed windgalls. They
generally arise from an increased secre-
ton of synovial fluid, and in some cases
synovial cavity itself may become en-
larged, from the stretching of its mem
| braneous covering. These tumors are
generally supposed to be the effect of
labor, aud are usually regarded as the
sure sign of horse having been hard
worked. This however is by no means
entirely correct, for we often find young
horses that have been very little used,
and that not violently, with large wind
gals, whilst others which have been
used with the greatest severity, have
legs perfectly clean. They are owing,
more than to labor, to the predisposition
of the horse. They are no doubt, i'm
mediately occasioned by the action of
the tendons and the joint, but the in
creased synovia Goint oiD being thus
secreted, it is question whether it does
not afterward tend to preserve the parts
from further injury than to produce it.
Windgalls, indeed are scarcely ever at
tended with lameness, and when they
are SO, it is either when they are sudden
ly produced (and the lameness is owing
TO the inflammation which caused them,
or otherwise from their becoming organ
lied and changed into solid substance,
as they are occasionally in old horses.
1t is very common for windgalls to dis
appear in aged horses, which arises from
the absorption being greater than the
deposition, rs the animal gets old and
poor. If it is simply the enlargement
that is complained of, our object must
be if possible, to occasion its removal.
If the horse is blistered and turned out,
the windgails will in all probability dis
appear, but will almost assuredly return
with the renewal OF work and the regain
ment of flesh. Many remedies have
been recommended, but they all prove
to be of only temporary benefit. One
method consists in first to excite the
skin moderately with some stimulants,
as the hartshorn liniment; then rub in
once daily a portion of equal parts of
ointment Of iodine aud weak mercurial
ointment, mixed, and continue the ap-
phcation for some time. Unless, how
ever, the horse is OF much value, it is
scarcely worth ones while to begin any
treatment at al for windgalls unattended
with lameness. To evacuate the contents
is not only dangerous, but it is ineffect-
ual; and to cut the windgalls out is i'm
possible and absurd,