, 1879-01-14
THE CHINESE TROUBLE.

Report OF the Et,ucutteu and Labor Com.
n,itt~e-A Restrictive Hill Presented
FAILURE ar EnnrI. 10 pcocur. lf.I1.f
rhrono,, III, rxocu,,vss
w,.ntrarnS :, n t.a n IT.. ,>,,..,,.
NA'nSa1oH' y. ~ Jan: W-lne io',o"inR
report "as presented 10 the llouse OF Ncpre.
scntatyes to-day by Representative Willis, Of
,r. C,., -.
1ne .olian'tee ". Iuaea'lo" anu LABOR nav
ing nad nnacr eohsldefatton sahdry bills in re-
gard to Chinese Immigration. beg leave to sub
nit tho following report, to accompany House
h,I1 M n ap,
0'.a ',u' "',-"'
pslsn' s.asea' an,s s'''l p1o''aes shss no mss-
IN China, Of elsewhere, murc than dftecn Chi.
pcse passengers with intent to brtnp them. or
.haf, tr,nr .th,r, ,.,ht, ill., r1,,,,ss o."ts1
n@a. Jus .a. ~. "'s". I"I oe" e'ase1
1ho s'oaslon Q. 1n!s provision Is naoc mlsoe-
passenger, ut,l imprisonment for str months.
a.an. ~, ,,,s n.ssr", .,rasn H., A -. ' "
repoFt OH a's q,f''a' s"otn ''st OF a'! ch'ncse
tho vcsse'. The bill becomes operative on tho
t.t dav of ,July. 1870.
1uv ,.,,.sr,1,,r,ox. orx.r,,,
"a 4o"'4io''
tho merits OF tho bill, tho first question Is
whether such legislation Is within the power Of
Conarrss. The existing treaty with China givcs
It's subjects all Unlimited right of immigration
to tho Untletl States. The sertul clause OF
Ms,. cas..o,,n ~ @ sa% ~ pI,"'' ys,s" ~.
as G1nSnh. I. l. anu tne laws oi tae United
slates II Wti,eM sna! nc naas N phfennnen tncreol.
9tmitad ~ Hfans hai M aI". t Inc sn.nnS .! ,o
'.nn a'a'es' 'oas' po 'a' supreme "a" et the
"nu'
1t Is concluded that any Law restricting Chi
ntsc immigration would cottraycuu t,lIa iruyis-
Io nil md yoj. Such a co,.tr,,ction sas,,'ai
ho auhtainrfl cither unnn nrincin]c nr a,,,hnritv
RI" nhisrts fnr witt, n" fnn,tttntnn ~.
f.o,.a ~ niuhS sho,. ~, ~ o.a's ras. "na NV
itaIaeo aIc "lEht1 ts'aA guy power 41hntou un-
uer u. Inc general welfare, lnsttce. oofneettc
ara of saprrInc importance, aud cannot
BE- tnken from tho pcople by any tscaty,
however solemnly ratified. The treaty.naak-
tnu nowcr ts 1tnitct1 hv thesa ,,;,fmts bfore.
EYER ts p9l @ 70 ha'ofg nno oy .haH nM,
fare II bo tr,a ti,ut tic nresetss al ,ho chimcsc
m9 e Of St OUT pe
trrsyenc In nreyent an fncrrnse ri Tin Sv1 ~
Tic clausu of The Constitution above ouotcd
tlocs noi jinwevor ntitnt ~ tfc rnns, r1,,.,ft,n
contendcd cont for. It eioya.es treaties from t ths
status Of mere compaets to The dignity OF laws.
b,it Suos MT clothn t,en, Win anv atl,i,t,nnsI
sHrerfnr1tv. "''' ' -0s'0"'
DECISIONS IN rolST.
La#s mado IN pnfslaslee OF the constitution
arc equally as btudnR md authoritative as
by nun,srous decisions, both Of Lie Execltive
o1,i .1m,ifcfn1 firnnrtnrnfs nf fhc G,vsrrn,cnt
In is5i IN lin ssso If tha fIor,in clas nm M.
~ aovA, ~ ,sie ~ >ae1 s ~. .s . ssn.e, ~ "
palent cohn!ct patMessa . treaty a!G suoso-
4uent net Of Congress was Decided ny Attor.
Aey.lcneral CrIttenuen In these words:
An act Of Congress Is a. mnch supreme law Of
shs land as trenty: rhsy ure placed on The same
footing, and no preference or superiority Is given
TO tho one or tho o'hpf'
The last expression OF the lawGtv'ng power
must prevail. And itst for thu ssnlo reason
snd ou the eamo principle that y subsequent act
must prevail and have effect, though tncohstst-
cut with prior act, 50 must an act Ut Congress
havo eileet, though Inconsistent VII prior.
tecsty.' Oplnions Attorney-Gcnera's, vol. 8,
p. 9h}
TO the same effect Is the decision Of Attorney
General Alderman In the case OF thc lhoctaw
Indiana lie declares there Is nothing IN tho
Consultation which assigns different ranks to
treaties AMI to statutes. Both tue ona and tho
other, when not inconsistent with the Conatitu-
ttou, sceu. TO stand upon tho same lcyrl an1 to
DO Of equal validity; aud, aa tn tho case Of alt
laws e'isanating from MI equal authority, the
earlier IN date yields TO the later. (Oplulons
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, vol. III .. B7.)
'chGAN GCfbltluA Df tho EGctltlFG DaO1ftmHut.