New-York tribune., 1879-09-19

tuhunon of political privileges a"d with lNs' avs,
the rich naj onl do lot orj ~ di,eii ininaiinR oN-
ef,l o.s but are ,ihje o. chang places llh tIe
poor. j l.. indeed. incident io Tree popoiI sls-
tom of Government whore the humble aud the
poor the proud and the rich, arc a e irec {" COM
pete ior the accumulation oil I"oNrH a'd l'i 'he
pablo honor'.
COMPARATIVE EXP Nr.TUEF FOR IDrcAuoN.
Just lcsc viii refer 10 the difference = tnii-
ture for the education Of tie youth Of Great bi'aln
ard e our country. ] give the amount raised b.
current taxation per head OF poDulationin England
Wales and IN several of cur States, as reported a
few years ago;
F'eiana aud Na'os "a
Na.>achusclis about ~
Nr~-N'rf aNuui-
Connecticut about.
Iowa -
presume the difference j. even creator now, as
our common school system has yearly developed
aad enlarged, and current Xation fcg ITS main
tcnauce has grown accordingly. Tho present
Bishop OF Manchester, England l'razer. In report
o. our common school system in 1870. think.
alluded to the readiness and checrfulness with
which The American people responded 10 inc can
on them for the surnori of these schools. II Is,
indeed uupara eird. No other people give such evil
druce uf an rievocahle purpose 20 ENJOY themselves
aud To transmit 10 their postcr'y tie beneHis o.
prac 'ical education, general property C0nWtehce
AMI well distributed political power. The public
schools of our whole countr receive Tor their sun
port AZ the rate suppose, Of lI'le over two dol
tlcr. IS na,d less than orc dollar Now mark the
c,ntrast In ENGLAND and Wales the prop rty tax
for schools l. about - cents stated and me eN-
pon-e ioy the suppor o tl" inlit'rYl - Over thTre
dollars for each one Of the thrty-odd millions o'
pe0ple; and in some countries on the Continent ne
rate Is loss than 40 cents for the former. and iulv
four lqrs for the latter. These figures ere FOR the
average Of The Years 1875 10 1873 inclusive.
! have referred 10 tle oppressive features of the
land laws ~ Enrard. q 'he burdens oi the military
st-'n of the diiercu. cOun rics If Europe and The
hattenton to General education as The ehicf evils
least intensity the prevailing distress II they ara
not wholly the cause. From these evils she PEOPLE
o. the United states are conparativ iveiy Tree hose
we do suffer are less severe and more speedily re-
moved. Here the lands rlc' or and more eaSllY
obianed-here are greater variety of lr"lltable
occupation ami better WAGES for the daY lahoieI,
and here s the active enterprise winch isa distm-
gushing Characteristic ot Dur free nsiltuiiols Ia
the nature of things an indusr al cliss here must
be light and transient in the comparison
THE CAUSES AND rHF CURE OF coMMFEcIM
DEPRESSION.
Notwithstanding this better condition, you feel
that The ease does not stand as well With ven It
oppht The times are improving end yet YOU
think that matters might hc better II there was alb
solutc fidelity in tlc conduct of puhic atlairF; at
leaet that the times bad. IN part through the
lack Of wisdom or the selfish course of those CHARGED
with tne duty of promoting the common interest.
repeat that when We get in the way of complainIEg
We are apt 10 complain too much. will not at
teinut to meet the charge ly saving that something
of uisinanaeement in public aiirs Is incident 10 all
human government, even though well ordered, as
think ours j.. We cannot fold our arms becruse
tint. il so Ii is privilege to insist on wi.e laws
and frucallty IN the o tie public revenues. 1t
IL our dlty find fault when fault l. justly charge
able. and tIy TO apply the proper remedy In t"ls
way government 10 kept from dchaselncnt, ana ih
tik way. with the p0lltica power we ENJOY. whole
some reforms can be worked ont bv p,Gceiul aud
orlinar, methods. The work may Ice somewhat
difficult, but with PATRIOTISM ana patience the Ie-
snt is not distant nor doubtful.
do not suppose that ali of us do agree ~ our
notions OF the proper remedy for the hard times IN
oar midst. | fancy, however, that al. OF us ought
To agree thst well regulated industry, systematic
economy aud perfect good faith IA Al our ohi ga
tons whether pubic or p1yate-wli lead us 10 "a
better state of thugs. Ca me other hanc, IL ~
hardly worth while 10 attempt wl'hiE the hnnts
OF address of this character 10 review the causes
at length which led TO the crisis through winch we
have g. far passed. In bret, they were, no d"unf,
the effect Ot an expensive war, increased by nc
depreciation OF an irredcemaOlc curTcncNj morbid
spirit of speculation and desire to get rlch With
an Jelav In addition To all other causes tdCre waSa
larger increase Of labor from abroad for the i've
wears from 1865 10 S13 than IN any preceding hve
wears. lhe Immigration for these i've years VAS
253i.OlO persons. beng almost o. great as tle en-
tire population OF the original thirteen colonies al
the time of the Revolution. he Iast mentioned
year was the one which the panic and disturbance
occurred tue one IN which prices icii. mills aud
machinery stopped and idle labor was boeg ne Tor
employment. 1t is fair to SUPPOSE That thc foreign
laborers Were impeilcd 10 come ID greater
wages. lho rate Is always higher here, but
OF this period il especially alurng. because %
tie unusual Uspl opOriiOn. Wien TIE fa!o Icil I'M
mgIat on declined. hry had come at tine when
our productive energies had been immensely IN
creased b. new works aud by l4bOl-saNi y machin-
ely. Ia, efficiency and genus al our peoIle IN IA
bpr-ssyng processes and lmpr 'VeIDcuts during the
period If war we've alone an oN'r-baance 10 the
Withdrawal of labor forces from tue hcld Of CIVIL
industry 10 the held OF battle. The evii effects oi
the shock, which IN tuln pros rated Almost every
branch of industry were not Until recently fell by
the farming interest. You could hardly expect, un-
der these circumstances, 10 wholly escape thc gem
crli disaster ii there had been no eX'!ency III our
afisils whic! justIhed exceptional renedes-nO es-
pccal siInulns toward oyeTdoing-vcry likely de-
maud would have kept nearly or quit even pace
with production. BE tli- a. II may the stilnuaiis
were cXtTaoI oIdiHAry and the result has been severe
and extraordinary III a corresponding degree.
IL Judging the case. there IS an opportunity to be
msied by looking at what seemed 10 be a prosper
Gus activity, with deprecated currency aud an
industrial failure concidcnt with tie npprcc iatlOn
of tue currency toward IA COIN standard. And thero
Is "A seeming excuse Tor the hasiy cOnCuhlOn that
The continuance OF a debascd currency would have
served TO modify Tho disd ter; 10 other words that
the contraction OF the ccrtcucy tended 20 add To Its
severity There depression and suffering III
England aud yet there has been no contraction Of
the currency except such as AT last came through
broken Uauss, when distress had fcachtd a climax.
Contraction could not have Doen the cause there
contraction was not the cause mere. tIust we are
all having a clearer understanding Oh the matter.
IHE FARMEKs REAL ADVANTAGE
la this depressed state of affairs 1t Is not strange
that some errors are INDUCED in contemplating
modes of relief l want TO mention one which is. /
trust, not generally entertained In dong this
give the gst of a conversation had with farmer
a few davs ago. lie wished all his property In Gov
ernment bonds. In reply TO my inquiry, he SAID
ifs value was $4,000. lie has q small family, lives
iust out OF the village lew acres OF land, has
comfortable house. tidy and well arranged out