Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1879-05-28
FARM AND FIREsIBE,
1891
short Horned Cattle.

6Q0fk nOTUc0 O8ttAce
From 1850 to 1850. many gentlemen
along the Tees were engaged In breed
ing and improving their herds OF short
horns, whose names are found In the
first volume of the English Herd Book.
such as Stephens, Pickering. Smarter,
whitehall. Maynard, Baker, Jolly,
Masterman. and number Of others
who had taken great pains with their
cattle. The short horns were now a
fixed and established breed and began
to be highly valued, and purity of blood
highly priced and much sought for. To
give some idea of the short horns at this
date, 1 will quote from Bailv, who
made an agricultural survey Of Durham
county and wrote in 1910,
''The cattle on beth sides Of the
Tees have been known by the applica-
ton Of the Teeswater breed" The
account he got of them was that they
were large, massive, expansive cattle,
with great width and substance. ofhardy
constitutions. deep in the forequsrter,
soft and mellow in the hair and hand.
ling, and possessing, with aver %
milking qualities, remarkab's a,s
position to fatten. The great draw
back to rapid imprO" ,ement in .be
cattle, at or during This psr,od was The
all pervading pr tiudice of the breeders
against IN and in breeding. Robert
baSe~|. I'll was the only one who would
DIE ed in and in. He made the Bake
well or new Leicester sheep by this pro-
cess and also improved his long-horned
Durhams very much by the same mode
of breeding, but was unfortunate in his
selection Of his breed Of cattle, as the
longhorns never gained much popu-
larity. In or about 1850 Charles and
Robert Colling, two young men OF
energy judgment and means commenced
breeding sborthOrns. Robert at Bramp-
ton and Charles at Ketton. near Oar.
lingwerth, in the heart OF the valley Of
the Tees: the home of the Durhams.
These two gentlemen selected the hest
specimens Of The purebred shorthorns
they could find and commenced their
career as breeders. They used
Hubback a yellow. red and white bull
bred by John Hunter ofHurtworth from
the stock Of Sir James Pennyman and
these from the stock Of sir William St.
Quintin of Seampton. He was rather
q small bull but very neat and compact
and remarkably good handler. This
bull is thought to have done as much
for the improvement OF shorthorp cattle
as the Godolphin Arabian did for the
race horses Of England and Europe
Among the most noted Of the cows
were the StaRwick COW, purchased by
Charles Colling, but bred on The Stan
wick estate Of the Duke Of Northum-
berland in Yorkshire, and Lady May.
nard and her daughter, young Straw.
berry purchased Of Mr.. Maynard at
Evyholms. The Stanwick COW, called
the Duchess by Mr.. Colling was coupled
with Hubback, and through the produce
Of this coupling descended the since
famous Duchess tribe Of shorthorns.
With these and other cows Charles
C0lling began his famous system Of in
and in breeding. then so contrary to the
notions Of breeders Of that day. l will
give one illustration; Foljambi, Of the
Hubback blood. one of his best and
most noted bulls, was coupled with
youngStrawbery and bcgat Boiling
broke, and with Lady Maynard and
begat the COW Phoenix. Belingbroke
was coupled with Phoenix, his sister
and aunt and begat Favorite. Favorite
was coupled with Phoenix his swn
mother and sister, and begat young
Phenlx. He was then coupled with
young Ph9nix his own daughter as
well as sister and beg,t Comet. the
famous $1,000 Guinea bull (s5.25o.)
Comet was the nnest quill of his day
in England aud there is no bull 10
shorthorn history that has so many
amin lis which traces back to him as
Favorite. Mr.. Colling used Favorite
very fully on his own get. IN one in
stance to the sixth generation, pro.
ducing in every case, sound, healthy
offspring. Charles Colling was the
first breeder who hired out his bulls. -
The most noted breeders who used the
Colling bulls, were John Charge of
Newton, who used Favorite, MT.
Mason Of Chiffon, Mr.. Jobbing of
Styford, &c. He let his bulls at from
s26O 10 $500 a year. Favorlte was
used by Mr.. Colling until he was fifteen
years old. His aim seemed to be to
concentrate all bic best blood to the
greatest possible degree In his best
families and it is bard to comprehend
the amazing extent to which the Colling
brothers carried this concentration of in
aud IN breeding. 1t is this amazing
concentration of blood IN the pure. best
bred cattle OF the present day that
gives them their wonderful power Of
potency and enables them to transmit
to their offspring their own peculiar
type and characteristics no matter with
what breed they are coupled and makes
the Thoroughbred shorthorn bull so
valuable to use upon the common
cattle for beef purposes. To illustrate
this will give you brief account OF
the Durham OK bred in 1876 out of
common black and white COW. Dy
Favorite. This however was said to