The New York herald., 1879-03-05
THE LECTURE SEASON.

Rev. DIR. Newman lectured last evening in the
Central Methodist Episcopal Church on ''China
and the Chinese" for the benefit Of the Drew Theo-
logical Seminary. The Doctor commenced by eulo-
gizing President Hayes for his statesmanlike and
courageous veto. which. he SAID his admins
tration with enduring lustre After speaking of the
geography. area. climate and resources of China the
lecturer considered the civilization of that Empire
He said:-Some master mind is yet to give the world
such q definition of civilization cannot now
be found in our lexcons. To what posi-
ton shall we assign the Chinese among
the nations Of the earth? They not
barbarians; they dwell in towns and walled cities.
What shall be the standard Of civilization Shall
it be organized governments This they have had
for 1000 years. Their code of laws has excited the
admiration OF European statesmen. who have trans
lated the same into English, and in their methods
of administration they excel us. They combine in
their government the despotism of autocracy
with the freedom of democracy. Their system of
education is compact and thorough Their Imperial
College at Pekin is their pride and glory. From all
the provinces students come to compete for the
college prize and they have improved New York
and Washington In this. that no Chinese can be a
government official who has not graduated from the
Imperial College,
WHERE THE CHINESE ARE SUPERIOR.
It is true they do not study our Western Sciences
but the classic sayings of Confucus and Mencius on
moral and political economy. They the greatest
road and bridge builders In the East their temples
and palaces magnificent; their silks and ivory
works are superior They produce nearly all the
necessares of life and many Of its luxuries. They
arc the most religious people the globe. They
are tolerant TO all forms Of religion and faith and
future state is greater reality with them than with
us. Compare our civilization with theirs Bost on
ratonalisn was born in China COO years before Christ
world of pur G,,iv t,,aI
ism? We borrowed it from the Chinese who have
their spiritual manifestations in rappings and in oral
and written communications. For given sum their
chief magician will bottle all the evils that
to trouble men. And in the of opiates they are
vear for rum while they snend only
year for opium-the exact amount which New York
annually expends for Intoxicating liquors. Give the
Chinese Christianity and they will have the glory of
CHINA AND CHRISTIANITY.
II is not true that the Chinese were unknown to
Western nations, and that they have always been
exclusive people Tho Jews had a colony in the
Province of Honau, where they had their synagogue
speak Of the rich Chinese garments of silk and
gauze worn by Roman ladies, and each garment
was worth - its weight in gold As Confucius Con, has
the year go Of our the Emperor of China sent
embassy to Judea to invite Christ to his empire In
HISTORIAN missionaries were welcomed. and
for thousand years their missions ex-
listed. Successive empsrors received the Gospel
Marco Polo cordially received and there resided
twenty-five years. He speaks of the teeming popula
teenth century Xavier and Matteo Rici opened their
mission in China. Churches built In Pekin and
in many other cities, and the mother and son or
the Emperor Shunchi sent letter of thanks to Pope
Alexander VII. Commercial intercourse COM
menced by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century
and for two hundred years the English East India
Company had the exclusive monopoly of trade. But
prejudice was created against foreigners by the dis
honesty and lawlessness of European merchants.
n haa pyc g "a md N
treaties since made have been made at the cannons
mouth.
In 1887 the English forced the opium trade upon
the Chinese by force of arms. When compelled to
prevent the Introduction of the flowing poison gain
seeking and corrupt men WILL for profit and sensual
ity. defeat my wishes but nothing will induce to
derive revenue from the vice and misery Of my
people," Under the pretence that tho British flag
had been, insuted in 1860 the English forced upon
China a treaty and carried the war into Pekin.
In view of such facts, no wonder that the Chinese
call Christians foreign devils" Americans. how
ever. are the exception and called the peope
of the howery flag" Our trade with China COM
menced in 17s4, when, on the 22d of February, Cap
tain Greene sailed from this port Here the Doctor
pronounced euogy upon Gushing and Burngame
for the honorable and mastery treaties which they
formed with the Emperor OF China. by those trca-
ties. he said. they secured for American citizens
the right to travel to reside hold property, trade.
freedom of Worship and the right to trial by
consuls. 1t is not much to say that America
needs China and that China needs America. Wo
need q foreign market. and China is that market.
AN IMMENSELY WEALTHY COUNTRY.
Look at her immense wealth. Her annual revenue
Ia 900 for government purposes Half of her
population are in comfortable circumstances, while
the other half day laborers. She has coal mines
in the north covering OF - 900 square miles.
She spends sl57 OO0.O00 one branch OF workship.
Her import and export trade amounts to 20000O0O
year. which does not include the vast trade OF Hong
Kong, at whose port 80 900 vessels entered and
cleared annuay $3.50 OF this trade is carried
in English bottoms and s2ls 900 under the Amer
flag Chinese revenue from foreign ships is
SlO, of which comes from English
botsoms and 81, 100000 from American vessels Our
treaty rights in the treaty ports give us access to
2O3VUO,OO0 OF people, China annually imports cotton
goods to the amount Of S3G0Oo000; woollen goods.
S7.0o0.0oo; metals. $4,5Oo,ooo. and sugar, timber
and raw cotton. $l05000.0o0.
A RAP AT CONGRESS.
In view OF these great commercial advantages
swsiting our fuller acceptance, 1t crime against
our national commerce for Congress to pass that
anti Emigration bill. 1t because Western nations
forced themselves upon the Chinese that the Chinese
In turn have become omigrants for trade and pleas
ure. They have gone TO Java to Malacca. to India,
to Cuba and Peru IL Is true that many of those IN
Cuba and Peru are cooc slaves but it is not true
that such Is the character OF the Chinese tho
Pacific slope. Mr.. Blaine showed his consummatc
ignorance of great historic facts, which every Amer
can statesman should know. when he declared that
tho Chinese Ia America are coolie slaves The gov
ernment of Portugal. in 1874 made it penal offence
from that time the slave trade nt Macao has been CEN
abolished. The British colonial government ut Hong
Kong has made the most vigorous and successful
Charles Wingfcld, IN speech in tho House of Com
mons May -. 1873, declared that the cmigrants
who so from China to California go of their own
free will. and said, ITO Immigration thus conducted
disclaim oil opposition"
TREATY VIOLATIONS.
But how have treated these free cmigrants?
We ourselves have violated at least three OF the ar-
ces Of the Buriingame Treaty We agreed that these
Chinese 'shs be exempt from all disability per.
secution on account OF their religious faith
ship. But Mr.. Blaine objects that II permit
them to come wo must choose between the religion
OF Coniucius and the religion of Christ. We agreed
that "Chinose subjects shall enjoy all the privileges
of our educational institutions, under the control Of
the government of the United States which art on.
joyed In the respective countries by the citizens
subjects of the most favored nation. But Cslifor-
mia has violated this article. She has compelled tho
Chinese to pay school tax while she has closed her
public schools against them. We agreed that tho
Chinese residing in this country shall enjoy all tho
privileges and imnunitics enjoyed by American cit-
zcns In the Chinese Empire. But California has vio-
lated this provision OF the treaty by class lcgsla-
tion. The Chinese have no rights which white men