davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
Taxation Without Repre-
SentatiOn.
Husp asn vs. POLITICIAN q

GREENSBORO, n. c., April 10, 20.
If the Commissioner of Agriculture
would allow us to suggest that if he
would collect some statistics in refer
ence to the relative taxes paid by the
different professions, and the way they
are expended, we fully believe the ex-
animation of the subject would astonish
the man who produces the whole of the
raw material, and open the eyes of other
business men.
The farmer is required under penalty
to enclose his crops with a fence more
expensive than the original cost of his
land, that is simply to keep other peo-
pies stock off of his crop-not for his
own good, for he can take care of his
own stock for One-tenth of the money.
Is not that a direct tax on the farmer
for the benefit of other people?
Then examine the court records and
show where the troubles arise which
makes our taxes ten times as high as
they should be. If two farmers fall out
and go to law they individually pay all
the costs of the suit. Are they not
awfully imposed on in this particular?
Taxes ought to be collected i'm proper
ton to the amount necessary to main
tain the law in the conduct of the diff
ferent branches.
Would not an examination of the
~penitentiary and of the asylum reveal
the fact that the farming class pays an
undue amount of the taxes to support
these institutions, in proportion to the
representation there?
Would not the dealers in liquor and
the manufacturers of it have to shoulder
a larger proportion of the burdens of
taxes?
What goes with all the taxes collected
off of the farmers? What portion of
the whole amount do they pay in North
Carolina?
Can not the assessments and disburse-
ments be separated so as to show the
equity of the thing? Then when we
are properly Informed, let us demand of
our wise men at the Assembly when
they meet, again, to do justice regard
less of the probability of number of
votes. Our people need information,
and we know of no man other than the
Commissioner of Agriculture who is
paid for the collection Of facts. We
hope he will pardon us for the sugges-
ton. b.
Capt. Shot~eU.
SIR: Your favor, enclosing commune
cation of your correspondent at Greens
bOro, in which he makes some sugges-
lions for my consideration, is just re-
Knowing him to be thoroughly
with a desire to advance the
material interests of the State, and that
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
OVER 90. 900 COPIES

1t IS published simultar.
London, and New Y,rk d
transatlantic recognition sNa S.
general and hearty as the mo i
A though The progress Of tba II
zine has been a steady a4yanc. III 3,
not reached its editors i'll. IS d =
because her ideal continua,ry =
it. and the magazine as swiftly I-
alter. @
Terms, $500 a year p cents >
Der. Subscriptions received
publisher of this paper. and "a.
hook. ellers and po>tma,ter. y 3
Wishing to subscribe direct ~
publishers should write nam g.
office, county and State. in FIN fs
send With remittance in cherL
money order. or registered Iat,
SCRlBNER a O.
TAB b oadway. New ~
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
EARPER'S PERIODICALS.

Harper Ma az'ne one !ear~~...S
Harrt RS We. KY :" " .....". IS"
Harper's Bazaar " ......... =.
n three pub! C tioi S one year ~
any Vo ~ G year.
SIX subsc ip ioLs enc year...-... .
Terms f r Ter. G cubs turn sheo u
app lea in. z stage FIR, 10 oil 'lo
scllbers IN the U..lted States or Tan"
The annual volum 5 of HARP1h
W EKLY n lis at clio h bud z VII
sent by cypress free o expenfes pa
vlded the freight d not t1ceed %"
dollar pen volum for 800 tae
compiet- set cOmpris NJ t"e-'1
oiumes cent nr ceipt Of tn ca.
the ate OF s. % FER volume, II 47''"
expense Of purch ser. t-.
Cloth cases FIR e ch vo'umA -u'"'.
i"r bin ing Will lie sent by man P1
pa 4 % recelp> OF 81 90 each
Remit a tes should be mOie 2.
{ III e u Oney order Or drdt 10 a.
chance f | SIS.
~. wspap-is are no. COPY [
'eltls" meut without he express
+ IIarpe & B Others. Address
New IorA
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
II UCK Err HOUSE,
Proprietor

=. G.. HAYES........ ProplIe"
New House, New Furniture. krla trsl
man OF long experience, VIE" Bu"r'a.ans
satisfaction TO his patrons al me HALY
Die rates of n DOLLAR AND
per day-SEVEN DOLLARS per "ee
dec5-l2n.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17

Mr.. Francis Joyner, of Pitt county,
sends to the Agricultural Museum, from
the farm of Mr.. James Joyner, of that
place, some very fine specimens, as
follows
Orchard Grass, II inches high.
Herd 20
Oats IA SOWn NOV 81
Wheat o3 y
Pitt is among the leading counties of
the East, and the thrifty condition of
the farmers of that county may be
largely ascribed to a discovery made by
them some time ago, viz: That other
crops can be produced besides cotton on
their soil. The day will come when her
example in this regard will be followed
by other cotton counties. The Com
missioner says he has as fine grass and
cereals from the East as from any sec
ton of the State, and Mr.. Joyner is one
of the men who produces them.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
NDID CHANCE!

We have arranged with Mr.. Q
Osborn. S ate Agent, for n Moore ;
Cnltivator and Turning-Piow, ana
Harrow. to offer COUNTY RIGHTS as
Premiums for clubs of subscribers TO
tho FARMER AND MECHANIC. Any one
wishing to obtain a county rieh can
address this paper, naming terrlt' ~
wanted, and we will furnish more
definite information.
The following wcodcnt represents
the cOnbined-cultirdtOr, and Iurntng
PIo,o ,3fh RarYOp attached: =
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
governments in 1877, for the promotion

Governments in 1877, for the promotion
of Agriculture, Is as follows:
The United tates........-..F IIieo
49,, pritain 1883
Prnssia 2,6l2.3+0
Italy, for Agri -ulture ana
Z.tl9;'9
The Austrian Empire.......: o,i.o'Io
France. I r Ag iculture and
Lo,'oi,1io
Russia. for Agriculture and
public land......-. ........ li,oZo Iof
Taking areas in consideration, these
figures the following ratios Of %appropria-
tlonS:
The United
fruSSla
Austrian Empire.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17

Messrs. Scr;bHer & Co -
gan the publication Of - i'3 :.
an Illustrated Magaz ne f.r ~ Ho-s
Boys, with Ms. Mary Mapts q Nh i,
editor. FIVE years iaye ood
the first number was ,s,p. =
magazine has won the ~ an &
ion. L. has a monthly c;I9nS. rs
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17
PERIODICALS
CT. NICHOLAS.

scRIENER's ILLUS rRATEDNAc,z.
GIRLS AND BOYS
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1879-04-17

State observation-disclosures :. GGG. eco
Justice Department....... 40 On
Postoffice Department -. 1900 co..
Interior Der artment $500. StOD.HO
War Department.. -. 69,t GO. COO
Treasury Department.. 167, 100 600
Agricultural Department. rs ~
According to these figures the relative
Importance of the various departments
has been practically stated by the gen
praI government RI no aS tollowS
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02
ELOQUENT WORDS.
Spoken by Vice President VIII.
lam A. Wheeler,
Before the New York Republican State
Convention, at Saratoga.

GENTLEMEN OF TEE CONVENTION: Thrice
have been honored with the position to which
you have now assigned me, and, if gratitude
can be computed by progression, thrice am
grateful for your kind Partially. l had the
honor to preside over the Republican State
Convention twenty years ago, when the slave
power, having the constitution, the laws, the
Executive, Congress and the courts in COM
plete domination, was nevertheless demanding
for its peculiar interest rights and protection,
without the pale of the constitution, was Sc
cretly organizing vast conspiracy against the
integrity of the Union, and kindling the fame
of the ruthless civil war which, within two
years thereafter, opened its dread drama in
Charleston 5arbor in the glare of eleven bat
teries Of artillery which hurled their iron bolts
upon one small, siege-worn company of United
States troops, whom the Government, in its
earnest desire to avoid hostile demonstrations,
was endeavoring to feed, and not to reinforce.
1t was at Sumter that the experiment of starv-
ing the Government was initiated, with repeti-
ton at Andersonville and other places of his
toric brutality, and more recently at Washing
ton at the late extra session of Congress- came
to this position again in 1872. The curtain
then fallen upon the bloody drama opened :.
Charleston. The long, weary, battling years
that had interviewed had drifted into the dead
past. The flag had been lifted up from its hu-
initiation at Sumter, and, again inviolate and
supreme, proclaimed the national sovereignty
from the Potomac to the Rio Grande. hslf
million of the defenders of that sovereignty
were sleeping in soldiers graves. The blood
of hundreds of battle fields, the emblems Of
mourning, the tears in q million of sacrifcisl
homes, the bereft, the desolate the helpless, the
SCARED, and the wasted encountered on every
hand, attested the costliness of the sacrifices
which had been made for the national life.
We then confidently believed shat, by an inn
mutable law of the Supreme Ruler, such sscri-
fees had not been made in vain; that the ma
tons blood, the nations tears, and the nations
treasures bad found compensation in the des-
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02
Speech of President Hayes al
Detroit.

FELLOW CITIZENS OF MICHIGAN: Reaching
Detroit only few hours ago, I cannot, from
personal observation, speak of the condition of
your agriculture, or of your mining, manufac-
turing and other large business interests. The
information which l get, however, from the
newspapers and from conversations with in
telligent citizens, leads me TO suppose that the
outlook for the laborer, capitalist, and the peO-
pie generally, is in this State, at least as ia
able as that OF the people of the country at
large. This is what one would expect from its
well-known advantages. Your state is almost
surrounded by the nayigahle waters of inlHnd
seas, which communicate with many markets
in different states. ana in countries beyond the
ocean. IL Is midway. by the best of railway
routes of travel and trade, between the old and
the new states. 1t has mines of copper and
and raises in abundance the most valuable
north temperate zone. 1t possesses a climate
which is healthful and friendly to labor, and
which gives vigor and character to men and
of Michigan unquestionably are, they do not
chiefly attracts the admiration, and possibly
eNcites the envy, of your less fortunate neigh
bors All the world knows, that when the list
is made up of the most favored states of mis-
country, and of the most favored countries OF
either general education or the higher eduCa-
tion-an honored and very conspicuous place on
thar list must be given to the state Of Michi-
gan.
A year ago, making visit of two or three
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02
To the Republicans Of Wisconsin

The undersigned, by direction OF
his associates on the State Central
Committee, begs to remind the Re
publicans of Wisconsin of the i'm
portance of a full vote at our cleo
ton on the Fourth of November
There is danger, if individual Repub-
licans leave to others the perform
ance of political duties that rest alike
upon all. 1t is not sufficient to be-
lieve in Republican doctrines. 1t is
a duty you owe the party whose
principles you approve, that your
convictions are crystalized into a
vote /; and further, that you see that
the full Republican vote of your
election precinct is polled. In this
manner will your opinions be effec-
tually felt, and thus will you help to
shape the destiny of the nation. We
appeal to you who read these lines
to devote one day to the service of
the party that preserved the Union.
As you go to the election precinc5,
stop on the way and urge your
neighbors to go also, and do not re-
turn home until you know every Re-
publican vote in your township has
been cast, and that an honest count
will be forthcoming. As was the
response to the call of Abraham
Lincoln for three hundred thou
sand more" so let your response be
to this call for a rousing vote-a vote
not merely to defeat the Democratic
party in Wisconsin for they We're
beaten from the beginning by their
own vacillating course, stupidity and
folly), but to crush and bury forever
ont of sight dynasty that has fill
our land with mourning and bur
dened our country with debt; a
party that if left foothold upon
which to stand, will plot the ruin Of
ourcredit, tarnish our national honor,
turn our money into irredeemable
issues of fiat shinplasters, and stop
again the wheels of busy prosperity,
just beginning to move. You can
not afford to take the risk that may
be the result of indifference. There
fore the Central Committee appeal
to you to give vote that by its
overwhelming emphasis shall be-
come the talisman and example OF
all other States in 1880.
Let the Republicans of Wisconsin
turn out en- n,dsse, and make the
victory Waterloo.
r. H. BAKER,
Chairman State Central Committee.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02

With these authentic and significant facts and
figures before us, we may reasonably assume
that the country has entered again upon period
of business prosperity. The Interesting ques-
tons now re- have the good times come to stay?
What can we do in private and in pu bic aiialrs
to prolong the period OF prosperity ana TO mltl-
gate the severity of hard times when they
again return The prospects are now bright,
but all experience teaches that the wheel OF
human affairs, always turning, brings around
If not with regularity, at any rate with certainty
The writer of an intelligent article In one OF
the monthlies says: ''Panics, it has been obsery-
ed recur about every twenty years in TITS
country and fSJnost every ten years in Eng
land" The explanation of this Is not difhc1tt
TO discover In good times the tendency is TO ex-
travagance, to speculation, and to running in
debt Many spend more than they earn, and
the balance of trade soon begins to run against
communities and individuals. When this has
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02

VALUES OF CERTAIN DOMESTIC EXPORTS.
Comparative statement of the values of Ger:
tain articles of domestic production exported
frOn the United States during the fiscal years
ended June 30, 1878, 1876 and 1879.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02

IMPORTS.
Values of the principal commodities of foreign
production the importation of which greatly de
creased from June 80, 1873, to June 80, 1879.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1879-10-02

! OF our readers as a gentleman Of as-'e. !
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1879-06-27
st. Johnsbury Church Directory.

ADvENT-Paddock Village. Elder L. c. & Mrs.
Pastors. Sabbath Services at lO:3O a..
III. las and $3.50 p. m. sabbath School II M.
Prayer Meetings at 1880 p. m. Sunday, Tuesday and
Friday evenings
BArrIsT-Railroad Street, Corner Maple. Rev.
L, L. Sanford, Pastor. Preaching 1G:30 A. NJ. S.
School II M, prayer meeting 6:3O. Prayer meet
ings Wednesday evening at 1870.
FREE BAPTIsT-Main Street Corner Prospect,
Rev. e. S. Frost, Pastor. Residence at Z. L. Brig
and 0:3O p. NJ. sabbath School at 1900 M. We'd
nesday evening prayer meeting at 1880
CHURCH OF THE MEssIAH-(Univer East
crn avenue, corner Cherry street. Rev. B. M. Ill
lOtsOn, Pastor. sabbath services at las and 6:30
+. NJ. Sabbath SGnOOl at IL N. Wednesday even
ing prayer meeting at 1880.
METHUDIsT-C Central, street. Rev. E. s. Locke,
Pastor. Residence head of Summer Street.
Sabbath services at 1890 A. M, and 6:30 L. M.
sabbath School at 1900 NJ. Wednesday evening
meeting at 1880.
NoRrH CoNGREGATIoNAL-Main street, corner
Church. Rev Henry W. Jones Pastor. Sabbath
services at I0:30 A. Nj. and 6:3O +. M Sabbath
School at 1:45 p. M. Wednesday evening meeting
at 1880.
SOUTH CoNGREGATIoNAL-Main street Rev.
Edward L. Fairbanks, rastOr Sabbath services
at 1880 A. M. and $3.50 p. M. Sabbath School at
1900 NJ Wednesday evening meeting at 1890
ST. ANDREw's-(Episc Main street, Rev.
1890 a.. m. and p. Holy days and Fridays at
a. m. Wednesdays at 1870 p. III. Sunday School,
at $3.50 p.
ROMAN CATHOLIC Cherry Street. Rev. j. A.
BOissOnnault, Parish Priest. Mass and 10 ;
VespeIs and BenedictiOn at p. m. On the
second Sunday of the month, service at $50 a.. m
and p. III. At Lyndonville same day at 1880 a. m
REFORMED PREsBYTERIAN-Avenue Hall, Rail
road street. W. X. Laird, supply Preaching al
1890 a. IN. and 300 p. III. Sunday School at 300.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1879-06-27
Ideas Confused.

The following specimens are reported
from the work of the pupils in the Lon
don public schools.
"WheIe is Turkey ?"
"Turkey is the capital of Norfolk"
"Where is Turin ?n
"Tureen is the cappittal of Chiner,
the peepul there lives Oh burds nests
and has long tails"
"Gibberalter is the principal town in
Rooshia." ..
''What do you know of the patriarch
Abraham ?"
''He was the father of Lot, and lad
tew wifes-wun was called Hishmale
and t'uther Haygur. He kept wun at
home and he turned the luther into the
dessert, when she became a pillow of
salt in the day time and pillow of fire
at mite.
"What do you know of Joseph 7n
"He wore coat of many garments.
He were chief butler for Faro, and told
his dreams. He married Potiffer's dor
ter, and he led the Gypshans out of
bondage to Kama in Gallilee, and then
fell on his sword and died, in the site of
the promiss land"
''Give the names of the books of the
Old Testament ?n
'Devenshire, Exeter, Littikus, Num-
bers, Stronomy, Jupiter, Judges Ruth
etc:
what is a miracle 7''
"Don't know"
''If you saw the sun shining overh head
at midnight, what would you call it ?"
"The moon."
! fol he
sun 2"
81 should say it was lie."
Another boy, giving his impressions
in regard to Moses, wrote as follows:
''He was an Egypshin. He lived in a
bark maid of bull rushers, and he KEEP d
golden calf, and worship braizen snakes
and he het nuthin but kwales and man
ner for forty year. He was kort by the
air of his ed while riding under the bow
of tree, and he was killed by his Alb.
sion, as he was a-hanging from the bow
His eud was pease."
"What is meant by conscience 2" said
a schoolmaster to his class. The almost
simultaneous reply of half the number
was:
ga Inward monitor"
An inspector who happened to be
present inquired "And what do you
understand by monitor 7n
To this an intelligent youth exulting-
y answered: ga hironclad.n
Every teacher will recognize in these
answers the confusion of ideas, and the
mIstaking of names for things which all
pupils fall into, and out of which there
is no means of getting them, except by
patiently correcting the errors they
make while endeavoring to put Their
knowledge into a definite shape on
DaDer
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1879-06-27
"Going A-Fishing." I"

The man whe invented the fish hook
will some day have monument. 1t
will be granite column five hundred
feet high, built by the boys alone. A
boy might possibly get along with mar
bles, tops, stilts, balls and kites, yet he
would feel that there was an aching
void somewhere. A kite does well
enough as long as it will Outsail all
other kites and the string doesn't break,
and a pair of stills are good property
until after the first fall /; but for real
solid pleasure the fish hook can never
be beaten. A boy will always expect
more and get less from it than anything
else invented, but he never gets too
discouraged to try again.
The Smith boy was observed trying
his luck yesterday in pond on va
cant lot on Alfred street. AS far back
as last December, his mother promised
him half day out of school as soon as
the fish began to bite, and yesterday
was the glorious day. Where there's
water there ought to be fish, according
to every body's reckoning, and the youth
''surrOuudedn that wee little pond hole
with its barrel of muddy water with
just as much enthusiasm as a man
would throw line into Lake st. Clair.
He had ham, sweetcake, potato, dried
beef and boiled egg for bait, and when
he had spit upon the bait and cast in
HE hook oil tho Sath G~aons nuar harm
couldn't have convinced him that he
would fail of at least one good bite.
For two long hours he fished for stur-
geOn and pickerel and pike, changing
the bait now and then, and never for
getting to spit on it, and as he hauled
up for the last time he would simply
admit that it wasn't just the right sort
of day to go fishing. If he had had a
little one to carry home his triumph
would have been more complete, but
yet his eyes were like two diarlonds as
he met two boys on the corner and
called out:
"Say I've stayed out of school a
whole halliday and been a-fishing. l
didn't catch any fish, eos they were all
on their nests, but you ought to have
seen the big frog which tumbled off a
stone !''-DetroH Free Press.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1879-06-27

position as wives and mothers that
while they earn daily wages they have
the affections of the hearth; that the
poor mother, left a widow, wants to
keep her children in home, not to
SOW them broadcast in orphan asylums
that the poor couple who have passed
their married fifty years, unhonored it
is true by golden wedding, do not
want to be thrust one into an Old Mems
Home, the other into an Old WOmen's
Home, or put in the separate wards of
an almshouse, or one go to one Blind
Asylum and the other to another. There
is fine kind of charity in England,
where endowments have been left so
that decent destitute old couples, or
single people, can have a nice three
roomed cottage, with fuel, water and
lights, and certain number of shillings
weekly on which to subsist; and they
can take in an orphan grand-child, or
feeble child, living as in their own
home, subject only to certain regula-
tiOns of sobriety, cleanliness, and good
order. Sunday afternoon for July.