Ashtabula telegraph. (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1874-1880, 1879-07-25
OUR LONDON LETTER.
From our regular Correspondent.

From our regular Correspondent.
Mr.. Victor Drummond, Secretary Of the
British Legation at Washington, in his re-
port dated at the close of the year 1873, on
the commerce of the United States, calls
attention to the rapid progress ofthe dairy
interests. Speaking from estimates made
early in 1873, he gives the number Of milch
COWS in the United States as II, 300, 900
and the value of the COWS (aPeraging S28.
29O each) and of the land especially devoted
to their support is reckoned at s., 300, OOO,- :
OOO, or $3.50, ,Ss3, 1888. The annual product
ion Of cheese is estimated at more than
LOCO 900, 900 lbs, their combined value
being more than $500, 600, OOO, or e62, 500,
0VO. This production mad increased 80
per cent. over that Of the proceeding year,
and since the Introduction Of Tie American
arllclrs they have become imp"rtam items
OF export, the foreign sale amounting IN
the proceeding season to $l3, ,UUO, OJO iOr out
ter, and SI4, OOO, 600 for cheese. The ex-
portations of the year paid more than 81,
OOO 900 freight, or enough to support a
weekly line of Sss4slmers to Europe, ana
paid So, 900, 900 freight 10 railroads of the
United States, and milk pays nearly as
much more. There are now important
dairy districts in all parts Of the south,
and there are indications that the northern
cities will soon be supplied with fresh
grass butter throughout the whole winter,
from Mississippi, Tennessee, and other
regions, where, before the wal, the profit
able growth of grass was regarded as an
impOssibility. The introduction and wide
spread distribution of Jersey cattle have
done this. The old system Of setting milk
for the raising of cream in shallow pans IS
now practically denounced in the United
States, and the deep-canned system has
gained the approval Of the leading dairy
men of the country. Under the Cooley
system the milk is strained into cans 20
inches deep and inches in diameter, each
covered with a small inverted pan, and
the cans are all packed in closed box
which is then filled with cold water, u con-
stant cold stream passing through the box
or ice used to keep the water ccol, and the
pans keeping the water out OF the milk on
the principle Of the diving bell. 1t is
found that all the cream rises within -
hours, aud, owing to the temperature Of
the water being kept below % degrees, the
skinned milk is perfectly sweet and use
full for cheese-making and other purposes.
In churning the cream is now plt into an
oblOng box, which is arranged to yibrate
longitudinally, the cream being dashed
first against one end then against the other,
the swash of the cream keeping the wall of
churn always washed down. 50 that the
entire contents are subjected to a uniform
agitation. Dashers, cleats, and beaterS are
done away with. Mr.. DrummOnd adds a
few remarks on Durand's cow-milking ma
chine, which had overcome almost all the
difficulties in the earlier inventions, but
when he made his report it could not be
said that the problem was yet solved. 1t is
observed that the rapid growth of interests
in the East will probably be surpassed in
some of the adapted States OF the West.
In the single product of cheese, the State
of Illinois advanced her yield sevenIold
between 1870 and 1874. Cousul General
Archibald, of New York, in his report dated
February, 1879, quotes the following sta
tiStics from a recent speech :-"Of butter
the make is /, 800, 900, 600 lbs, and Of cheese
$50, 900, 600 lbs, and the export Of cheese
this year will be %, 900, OOOfbs., and of but
ter at least 130, 900, O0Ofbs. Here is a value
to the country of $3.50, ZOO, OOO., and only
the entire corn crop is in excess of it in
value while cotton and wheat, hay and
oats, and potatoes, are all dethroned as
kings and princes in favor of butter and
cheese. No part of the Old World approx
imates in the raising of COWS to the New,
where there are 80 cows to every hundred
persons; and hence the increase this year
in the productions and in the exports. 1t
is proper, however, to say that not pound
Of the cheese exported last year went to
France. on account Of a prohibitorY tariff.n