davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

turned towards the latter, this planet
would appear twenty times as brilliant
as 1t now does and almost vie with the
moon in dissipating the darkness OF
night. Being situated at about one third
less distance from the sun than the earth,
Venus receives more light from that
luminary than is received by the former
planet, and seems not to require the aid
of the moon. Nevertheless, several
astronomers have affirmed that they
have noticed such body, and haye even
gone so far as to calculate the orbit of the
supposed satellite, but their observations
have not been verified. 9-e.- 4. ,lc,;,.'e
The transits of Venus, or its. passage
beween the earth and the sun, when it
appears as q round dark spot moving
slowly across the solar disc, have been
made to assist in determining the dis
tance of the earth from the central
luminary. The last transit occurred in
December, 1878, and the next will take
place in December, 1882. As this can
be viewed in the United States it will
awaken a greater interest than the
transit which RitteEhouse and others
observed more than century ago. But
four transits of Venus have been cbserv-
ed, and after 1882 one hundred and
twenty.one and a half years will elapse
before the alternately morning, and
evening star will pursue its seeming
pathway across the surface of the great
orb of day.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

MISTAKES CORRECTED.-O is used
without an exclamation point and is al
ways followed by the name Of person,
or subject invoked. Oh! takes an ex-
clamation point and stands alone.
Sew, SOW. We sew with needle and
thread. Wesow grain. Both words are
pronounced alike. s,s..s-.e3 I'm
Through is applied in the. case Of
single passage. Throughout means in
every part. n2lA IL At
Accept of. "Please accept of . this
book" Say, "Please accept this book"
Admit of. "His conduct admits of
no apology. Say, "His conduct admits
no apology" -zs
Both Of. "Give me both of those
books" Omit of. oI aze..,
Covered over. "He covered it over"
Omit over.
Cannot by no means. Say "Cannot
by any MEANS" 3h1l Io]Eqa
Sunk down. Omit down. o ,g .5lcc
Says I to him. Say in all cases, Said
I to him."
WAS you?" Always say, "Were
you 2" a = e.-nl-G;
Let you and 1. Say, "Let you and
me-" .....- ~. -.
1t is me. Say, "It is T." Z =, -. - -
If was him. Say, 'If were he. =.
The two first. "The first two" is bet
ter. d.. .....f..'. nrsr- .4li n yrIof
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

LETTERS ADDRESSED TO THE LATE
JUDGE ARCHIBALD STUART, OF
STAUNTON.
Mr.. Jefferson writes a long letter
about public affairs, and winds up on
the subject of nails
PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 13, '99.
Dear Sir II avoid writing to my
friends because the fidelity of the post
office is very much doubted. / will give
you briefly statement of what we have
done aud are doing. The following is a
view of our finances in round numbers.
The import brings in the last year y
millions of dollars, the Excise, carriages,
auctions and licenses million, the re-
siduary small articles of a million. 1t
is expected that the stamp act may pay
the expense of the direct tax, SO that the
two may be counted at millions, max
king in the whole 10s millions. Our
expenses are for the civil list I of mil
lion, foreign intercourse million, (this
includes Indian and Algerine expenses,
the Spanish and British treaties inter-
est of the public debt millions, the ex-
listing navy 23 millions, the existing ar
my 5000 men, II millions, making 81
millions, so that we have surplus of
near million. But the additional ar
my 10000 now raising will add q mil
lions annually; the additional navy
proposed millions, and the interest OF
the new loans million, making 6 mil
lions more, SO that as soon as the army
and navy shall be ready our whole ex-
penses will be Is millions; consequent
~ there will be millions annually more
to be raised by taxes. Our present taxes
of 10 m. are 2 dollars head on our pres.
ent population, and the future m. WILL
make it D.-our whole exports (native)
this year are % M, so that our taxes are
now ] and will soon be ! OF our whole
exports, and when you add the expenses
of the State governments we shall De
found to have got to the plenum OF tax
alton in 10 short years of peace. Great
Britain after centuries of wars ana rev.
olutions, had at the commencement o.
! the present war taxed only TO the
amount of : of her exports. We nave
opened loan for m. at 8 per cent; IN
terest, and another is proposed OF m:
These are to build ga and 6.l8. IN par,
of the additional navy, for which Dill
passed the House of Representatives
days ago by 54 against 42. Besides tnf
existing army of 5000. and addltional sl
army Of 5000, an eventuol armysOf 3O, ,OOt
is proposed to be raised by the president
in case Of Invasion by any European
power, or danger of invasion IN ms ops,s.
Ton, and the volunteer army, the amount
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10
Venus.

Many who admire the beautiful star
which now adorns the western sky un-
til more than three hours after the COM
mencement of twilight may not be aware
that its splendor is derived from the sun;
that in it, like on the earth, night cur
tains the landscape, morning dawns, and
seasons in quick succession come and go
Lofty mountains show that forces SINH
lar to those which upheaved the Alps
and lifted the SUBMITS of the Andes a.
bove the regions of eternal snow have
ridged its surface and covered it with
hills and wales. Variable spots prove
that clouds float in its atmosphere, and
CLEANS of light, which dart across its
sky, afford evidence that in it lightning
seams the sky and the thunder's roll re-
verberates through the valleys.
But three hundred miles less in dame
ter than the earth and revolving on it's
axis in nearly the same time, Venus
makes thirteen revolutions around the
sun while the former makes eight. AS
the inclination of the planet to the plane
of its orbit is at least fifty-four degrees,
its torrid zone is double that extent, OF
one hundred and eight degrees, and its
polar circles 81 degrees from the poles.
1t therefore has two frigid and a torrid,
but no temperate zone. Since the sun
must arrive at the equator and depart
from it to the distance of 54 degrees twice
in each of its years, there must be two
summers and two winters annually in
the torrid zone and q winter and sum.
mer in each of the frigid.
Venus becomes the morning star aftel
its superior conjunction, when it ap
pears, through the telescope, crescent
shaped like the new moon. The orbits
of this planet and of Mercury are within
the orbit of the earth and consequently
they are never seen in opposition to thu
sun, that is in the east when the sun Ii
in the west, or in the west and the sur
in the east. At its inferior conjunction
Venus is nearer to the earth than any
other planet except the moon, and some
times when approaching the creates
distance, which it seems to recede from
the sun, casts shadow and is visible ii
the full light of day.
Ii at the period when 1t is nearest t.
the earth the enlightened part were full!
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

How TO MAKE SoFT SoAP.AFirst
set up your leach, then put in. soma
sticks and straw, then about five quarts
of lime. Now put in your ashes, wet
the ashes as fast as you add a pailfu1.-
Keep the ashes packed at the outside,
leave them loose in the middle. Have
your kettle full Of water heating, so.ss
to have it ready to put in the lexeh, III
soon as you get it filled with ashes Do
not make any hole in the ashes, as the
water will settle the ashes enough
When you see signs of lye, throw cut
the remaining water from the kettle. u
Put in your grease, with three pounds
resin, (and half pint salt, il, fesh
grease melt together. Have yauf' fire
hot enough to scorch yeur grease before
you commence putting in your, ,Jye,3
Keep. your lye running until you get
your kettle a. full as it will boil W1tAedt
running over. Boil it until it wilk nat
stick to the dish you try it in. about
two and half or three barrels Of f-h&rd
wood ashes will make one barrel of
soap.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

NUMBER SEVEN IN THE BIBLE.-On
the seventh day God ended his work..
In seven days dove was sent.
Jacob served seven years for Rachel.
Jacob mourped seven days for Joseph.
Abraham pleaded seven times for
Sodom 81. " ON
The golden candlestick had seven,
branches. 0i-,-4'-
Naaman washed seven times In the
river Jordan. .csirc
Jacob was pursued seven days
journey by Laban. ....-..,, - -.
Every seventh year the law was read
to the people. . --JE
Solomon was seven years building the.
temple, and tasted seven days at its
dedication.
On the seventh day of the seventh
month the children of Israel tasted aev-
en- days in their tents. .sgo.,
Jobs friends sat with him seven days
and seven nights, and offered seven bul-
locks and seven rams as an atonement.
A plenty of seven years and famine
of seven years were foretold in Pha-
roah's dream by seven fat and lean
beasts and seven ears of blasted corn, -,
In the destruction of Jerico' seven
persons bore seven trumpets seven days;
on the seventh day they marched around
seven times, and at the end of thaseyS
enth round the walls fell. Il .ys.g.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

A wag brought horse driven by q
young man to standstill in the street
BY the word "Whoa," and said to the
driver. "that's fine horse you have
there.n EYES," answered the young
man, "but he was once owned by q
butcher, and always stops when he hears
q calf bleat."
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

INFLUENCE OF IDLENEss.-It is q
mistake to imagine that the violent pas
sions only-such as ambition and love-
can triumph over the rest. Idleness,
languid as it is, often masters them all,
influencing our designs and actions, and
insensibly consuming aud destroying
both passions and virtues.-Rochefou
cQult
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10
Ayers Hair Vigor
For. Restoring the Hair
To its Natural Vitality and Color.

Advancing years,
sickness, care, disap-
pointment. and he
reditary predisposi-
tion, all turn the hair
gray, and either OF
Them incline it to
shed prematurely.
Ayers Hair VigOr, by
. long and extensive
| use, has proven that
nit stops the falling OF
Nthe hairimmediately;
Noften renews the
| growth; and always
! surely restores its col
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

1t stimulates the nutritive organs to healthy
activity, and preserves both the hair and its
beauty. Thus brashy, weak or sickly hair s. hs.
hair regrows with lively expression; falling
hair is checked and established; thin hair
thickens; and faded or gray hairs resume their
original color. Its operation is sure and harm
less. 1t cures dandruff, heals all humors, and
keeps the scalp. cool, clean and soft-under
which conditions, diseases of the scalp are i'm
possible.
As dressing for ladies' hair, the VIGOR is
praised for its grateful and agreeable perfume.
and valued for the soft lustre and richness of
tone it imparts.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

81. N. MATHEWS ALEX. f. MATHEWS.
MATTHEWS q MATHEWs, M,AATHEWs
LEwIsBURa. WEST VA,
practice regularly in the Courts of Greenbrier,
Va, the Court Of Appeals, and the Federal
Courts for the District of w. Va. rs
EyParticular attention paid to Collections
nd to special cases anywhere in their State.
may lily Cl
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10
For the SPECTATOR.
The Stuart Papers-N0. 6.

LETTERS ADDRESSED TO THE LATE
JUDGE ARCHIBALD STUART, OF
STAUNTON.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

DRESTON A BAYLOR,
L ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
-Aaad Solicitor ia Chancery, STAUNToN, VA.,-
practices in all the Courts of Augusta and ad-
Joining counties.
OFFICE-The same formerly occupied by his
father, Col. Geo. Baylor, decd. on Augusta ST.,
opposite the Courthouse no Il
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

NXTM. Nj. McALLISTER,
w ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
WARM SPRINGS, VA.
Courts-Alleghany, Bath and Highland, Va,
nd Pocahontas, West Virginia.
Rg-Special attention given to collection OF
claims and proceeds promptly accounted for.
dec 23-f
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10
TUFTS hair Dye.

BLACK by single application of this DYE 1t i'm
parts Natural Color. acts InstanGancously, and is
as Harmless spring water. Sold by Druggists. or
sent by express on receipt Ct 81
Office, IS Murray ST., New York.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10
"HONIAS ID. RANSOM.

rTNHOMAS ID. RANSOM,
L ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
STAUNToN, VA.
offers his professional services in the County
tings Court and the Court of Appeals held In
Staunton. Will also prosecute claims else,
other States. may 30-1y.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

Mr.. Jefferson writes a long letter
about public affairs, and winds up on
the subject of nails =
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

is parClcularIy interestingly; DuC allow
ance must be made for the political ex-
citement and bitter partisan feeling of
the time at which it was written. 1t
was the era Of the Alien and Sedition
Laws and the Virginia Resolutions of
'99. Patrick Henry warmly opposed
the adoption of the Federal Constitu-
ton, because, in his opinion, it destroyed
the rights of the States. "Your Presi-
dent" he exclaimed. "may easily be-
come King!" The Constitution was
adopted, however, and Mr.. Henry. ad-
herring to his original Interpretation of
the instrument, became a Jealous Fed
eralist. Under these circumstances, it
was in accordance with human nature
for the leader of the rival party to regard
Mr.. Henry as an apostate from Repub-
licanism, and SO to express himself in a
private letter to confidential friend.
MONTICELLO, May IA, '99.
DEAR SIR:-I received by the hands
He is mistaken in suppposing had re-
SSAs 0SO AVo OO OA AAlo 0OSOuht AAoAA
Gamble & Grattan, his letter now en-
closed by you being the first and only
mention to me that such a payment had
been expected. However, this balance
is not worth troubling you further with.
am sorry still to be troublesome with
my nailery. Mr.. Mcdowell writes me
he cannot continue the sale of my nails.
If he would have disposed of those re-
naming on his hands, it would have
been desirable, because they are hardly
worth offering alone to another; and a
long illness Of my foreman occasions
our work to 60 on SO poorly that I am
able to do little more than supply this
part of the country. He had for some
time past had symptoms of dropsy
supervening decline of near twelve
month. He seems now to be getting
better. But till he gets well, or till that
becoming desperate, engage another
manager, I hardly expect to be able to
resume my supplies to Staunton. How
ever. If Mr.. Mcdowell will not consent
to sell off what remains on his hands,
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10

LEX. HI. HI. STUART,
N ATTORNEY-AT-LAW
Having recovered his health, and retired from
tion to such causes in chancery, and In the
Court of Appeals at Staunton, as may be en-
trusted to his care. noN-4t
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1879-06-10
A Noted Divine says

"Few diseases exs. that cannot b, relieved by
storing the Liver to its normal functions and for
this purpose no remedy has been invented rhat
has as happy an effect as TUFTS PILLS"
SOLD EVERYWHERE, PRICE rs CENTS.
Office So Murray street, New York.
w- DR.. TUFTS MANUAL of Valuable Infor-
nation and Useful Receipts viii be mailed free
on application.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1879-10-23
they are devoid of danger, though their
manifestations are c"nmonly more dis
qaieting than those of a serious organic
disease.
THE FARMERS SONG.

. ye who crowd the city's ways,
In search of toilless treasure,
Think not the sun-browned farmers da,
Devoid of JOY or pleasure.
Forth to the fields at morn he goes,
Nor fears the labor's soiling;
At close of day the world he knows
Is richer for his toiling.
True, there is in his daily life
OF Joy and care blending,
Away from the worlds grosser strife
His patient flocks attending;
But as he turns the fruitful soil,
Natures mysteries learning,
With worldly store she crowns his toll,
While health is labor's earning.
And by the sweat of brow, It's said,
That man shall earn his living,
And to all such their daily bread
A bounteous soil is giving.
All honor, then, to him whose hand
The fruitful earth is tilling-
Obeying thus the great command
With cheerful heart and willing.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1879-10-23

termed root houses. In many cases the
land is such that easy drainage IS not
feasible, SO that an underground cellar is
| not possible. In this case the sooner a
secure root house is built the more will
be saved, since it is not pleasant to oct
| the daily supplies from pits, that can
hardly, in this way, be kept from freez-
ing.
In making root house where timber
is handy all that is necessary is to exca-
vate to such depth more or less so the
bottom may be dry. Wall this up with
dogs, to height from. the bottom so a
person may easily stand upright, and of
an area sufficient to hold the supply.
Fasten securely over all roofing Of logs
securely chinked and pitching both ways.
Cover all with earth top and sides, two
feet thick, fit in tight double doors, with
an air space between and there will be
no danger of freezing.
The surplus stock Of potatoes etc., for
sale may be easily kept in pits either un-
der the ground or entirely above ground
as the case may be. If the aoll will ad-
NIT, dig pits 3 feet WIDE and of any re-
quislte length, though it is better not to
have more than 100 bushels of roots in
one pit. Cover the bottom and sides of
| the PIT with weather beaten slough hay
or clean long straw, fill with the r. OTIS to
the surface. rounding them up naturally,
cover with hay or straw, then inches of
| earth, then another layer of litter inches
deep, then to inches more of earth,
we'll packed snd smoothed down. This
will keep the roots from freezing in any
winter. If the heap be made entirely on
the top of the ground, the piles should
be about feet wide, and as high as thew
will lie nicely. Cover with four inches
ct straw, and inches of earth, then with
inches OF straw and again with 8inches
of earth.
In the case of potatoes put in green
from tho field ventilation should be Sc
cured so the moisture Of sweating may
pass off easily. Indeed the pits should
not be covered tight until this sweat has
been gone through. Hence, it is better
that potatoes, beets, rutabagas and other
roots be left only lightly covered Just so
as to be secure from rain. until ab0ut the
time of hard weather, when they may
have their final covering.
SO far as keeping is concerned there is
no doubt that any roots may be kept
much more uniformly sound in pits than
In ordinary cellars. Nevertheless pits
cost more in the long run than cellars
when means Tor building them cheaply
are at hand.
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1879-10-23
Wounds IN the Heart,

Wounds in the heart are commonly
supposed to be instantaneously fatal, but
such is not the case. Indeed, it is not
possible except by some extreme violence
such as dynamite explosions to blot out
human lite instantly. Keeper Goods
pistol ball went right through the heart
of Barrel, the Sing Sing convict, yet he
lived four minutes. Portecello's knife
cleft the heart of Bolander completely in
twain, in New York, but he did not fall
dead upon the spot. The instinct of self
preservation remained, and even that
horrid wound had not deprived him
the strength to obey it. He ran first to-
ward neighboring drug store, then
turned and run down Fulton Street, and
had reached point many feet distant
from the spot where he was stabbed be-
fore he fell and expired. So O'Connell
who was stabbed by Nichols, at Nyack,
N. Y. though his heart was actually
cut in two by the stroke, ran several feet
after the wound was inflicted. A pune
ture of the heart is necessarily fatal, but
the victim is often conscious for two or
three minutes, though generally without
much power Of motion or speech, save
the first cry Of agony. This shows that
the brain can act even after the heart is
destroyed. On the other hand, the heart
continues to exescise its functions
after the brain has ceased all
action. as in case of death from severe
blows on the head. The hearts of crlm-
inals who have been hanged, generally
keep up their pulsations for twelve or
fifteen minutes, although it is reasonably
certain, when the neck is broken, that
they can receive no nervous impulse
from the brain during that time. The
continued working of the organ is attrib-
| utable to q residuum of nervous force.
In the case Of some animals this is suffici-
ent to keep the heart pulsating for an
hour after 1t has been taken from the
body. The common notion that the
heart is delicate organ is mistake. It
Is, on the contrary, one of the most TO-
bust. Its muscular strength is enormous,
and its tolerance of disease is something
marvellous. Men and women whose
hearts have been. diseased from childhood
sometimes attain to ripe old age, and
many people with heart disease live for
years In almost momentary expectation
Of a sudden death, and then die of some
other malady. Only few of the many
diseases to which the heart is liable are
inevitably and speedily fatal. Most of
them, even, of the organic diseases, are
quite incompatible with long life. AS to
the func tional diseases, or arrangement
Of the hearts action without actual lesson
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1879-10-23
Pits VS.. Root Houses.

Throughout all the new er portions of
the west, root crops, from the lack of Gel
lars, occasioned from the want of drainage
are often imperfectly wintered. That
there should not be cellars is not so much
from the want of fall to some natural
outlet, as from the fact that in building
the house, the lack Of stone, and the want
OF time to cut drain, and the necessity
Of filling the same prevents this imper-
tant adjunct, good cellar, being made
Thus, from year to year the family sup
plies Of vegetables and roots must be
kept either in pits or caves, otherwise
The Northern Pacific farmer. [volume] (Wadena, Minn.) 1878-1885, 1879-10-23
"WHERE THE.BROOK AND RIVER BEET

A snow wreath. Il sunbcam--th the birth Of the
stream;
A flashing, dashing, ripple, CLEAN
Now cresting the hillside, now kissing the
heath
And sweet flower lips in the meadow beneath;
o brook-life! 0 child-life! What other can be
So fresh and so fearless. 80 joyous, SO free?5
But deeper and stranger aud calmer the flow,
And fairer the scenes that are mirrored below
As down the dim distance the blue waters glide
And thrill with the swell of the incoming tide.
o river-life! maiden-life! dread not the sea,
The Past is as naught to the boundlcss ITO be-"