The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1879-10-03
rfLE.7RLE HINTS.
Requirements FOR the Drainage Of
EUery House.

Epery House.
From the Plumber and SANITARY Engineer Sep
tember /.
Every house drain should have an inlet for
fresh air entering at point inside the main
trap, and carried to . convenient location out
/ of-doors, not too near windows.
A trap should be placed on every main drain
to dsconnect the house from the sewer or
cesspoo In places liable to unusual pressure
from the sewer it should be double trap, with
vent from between the two traps running up
full size above the roof; or, where the pres
sure from sewer is only occasional and 1.-THE
rigor OF climate will permit, this vent may be
carried to the sidewalk or area, at a safe dis
tancs from windows IL the first trap is forced
the gas can gain easier exit through this pipe
than through the second trap.
Every vertical soil or waste pipe should be
extended at least full size through ,hs roof.
No traps should be placed At the foot OF
vertical soil pipes to impede circulation.
Traps should be placed under all sinks,
basins, baths, wash trays water closets. etc,
and az near to these fixtures rs practicable.
All traps under fixtures. wherever prsctlca
bic, should be separately ventilated in order to
guard against syphonage. Such vent pipes
should not branch into soil pipe below where
any drainage enters it. In some cases it s
preferable to carry it to outer air independ-
emily.
Rain-water leaders should not be used as
soil pipes, and when connected with house
drains they should be made OF cast iron in
preference to galvanized sheet iron or tin,
there being less liability OF corrosion. JOINTS
should be gas and water-hght, to preclude
possibility Of drain air entering open windows.
No safe waste should connect with any dram
but 1t should be carried down independently
TO point where it's discharge would indicate
the existence OF leak or any overflow below.
} No waste from refrigerator should be con-
nected with drain.
, Unless the water supply is ample, 70 that it
will rise to every part OF the building, ensuung
at all times the proper flushing OF fixtures and
traps. cistern should be provided into which
the water will rise at night, or into which it
may be pumped. Said cistern should be large
? enough to hold an ample daily supply, be kept
clean, covered and properly ventilated. The
overflow pipe from it should never be run into
, any drain under any circumstances. Fhe sup
ply for drinking water should not be drawn
from it, but from direct supply, i. g., drect
from the street main.
Water closets should not be supplied directly
from street pressure or by pipe from which
J branches are taken for drinking water. Where
8 the valve closets are preferred to those tha
t are supplied from small c,stern Immediately
, over them, then the supply should be taken to
4 storage tank, from which it can be conveyed
? to the valves on the closets, thereby snsurine
r an equable pressure and securing more relia
= bility in their working.
y All drain pipes within house should be OF
Q metal in preference to stoneware owing to the
, liability OF the latter to crack and the difficulty
o OF keeping the JOINTS tight 1t 10 best to ruy
= them along the cellar wall or cell Ing with {
good incline. They should never be hldder
: underground, as then lesss will not be percep-
S tible In some places il IL common TO paint
e pipes white, SO that any leakags will show It
a self to the most careless observer.
q All drains should be kept at al ti6aes fret
\ from deposit; and if this cannot be effected
y without flushiDg special flushing arrsng ement
8 should be provided so as to effectualy remove
!. ali foul matter from the house drains TO th'
y public sewers.
S All drains should be laid in a straight line
d with proper tails, and should be carefully
r. jointed aud made water tight. No right angleC
: junction should be allowed, except IN the cas'
d Of drain discharging into a vertical shaft
a No drain should be constructed so as to pas
r under a dwelling house, except where abso
v lutely necessary; and then it should be con
9 structed of cast IRON pipes, with lead calke'
d joints laid so as to be readily accessible .or in
y spsction, and ventilated at each end.
K Whenever dampness OF site exists it shou
J be remedied by laying subsoil drains, whic
> should not pass directly to the sewer, bu
81 should have suitable break or dsconnsctior
e Water supply and drain pipes should b
, concentrated as much as possible, and no
d, scattered about building Horizontal pipe
n are Objectionable.
u Plumbing fixtures should not be hidden be
d hind walls and partitions where their conditio
:; is never appareat. They ought properly to
~ ~ open to view and so situated that any lea
l. would be readily detected. 1t 10 also well +
D have plan of the plumbing Of each house TO
e the tenants or owners convenience and guid
se ance in any emergency.
In planning house drains they should be &c
!, outside the walls CT the house as quickly a
l. possible, 70 that there may be few JOINTS {
Is pipe, and the smallest chance Of leakage froi
defects or accidents taking proper precautior
es in locating 10 guard against freezing.
u CRAMMINa.-We cannot bat think that som
50 of the very brightest intelects are dwarfed {
- blightei by the strains they frequently have