, 1879-02-13
BRITISH TRADE.
Recovery IN tile United statos.--What
England Must Do to Do Saved.
A Comparison Of British nnU
American NForl1mcn.

tic midst OF our depressed Industries terc einTo
neycr been wanting assurances tint time ot re-
rival was ut hand, II, in'eed, tile first streats ol
tfay wcrc not already appearing. An earnest VI
tho recovery OF manufactures md cun,ncrco
llns bean discovered BY many III tic United
Stntcs, aMl they wcro sangninc that Dct-
Ter tines would soon reach lis. The
Prime Minister Is among tt,ase who tle-
tcctcl this promise, and confurtctl us with
pleasant Interpretation OF It. It was tllen that
o,lr correspondents began 10 favor ia with
tlsetr communications, all Of which were moro
or less occupied with tho te1attous md tho
riralrlcs Of trade between thc United Kingdom
atMl ilie United States. Mr. Drasscy addressed
himself to similar discussion In the North.
What was tho nature OF thu recovery on tho
other Side Of the Atlantic II ono Ind bcr''n;
how fnr n recovery Of prosperity there would bo
| communicated to ourselves: whctler tho lead
tnV Industries of the two countries would In
future be complementary to one ano!hcr or
would occupy the same tlotd; how far English
| MD American commodities could compete tn the
| same foreign markets: wtlnt was till! relative
efficiency OF the English and the American work.
man, whether Arising from natural tltverstttcs OF
character or frnln different sta,.lnrds Of cduca.
ton: whether English Industry wns pnced ut
disadvantage, a'd, II SO, to wllat extent, BY i'm
| perfect n,td cum brous pntcnt laws: whether the
English manufacturer was slow to accept I'M
| Droyenents In marlinerv md otllcrwiac behind
ilurd ull sluggish In the conduct OF h!s bsiness,
| these uni stHItlar questions have been dis
cussed With much virncl!y, but With very little
| agreement between the titspntants. With re-
slicct to many OF Them It Is not easy 10 form
| very positive opinion from the arguments ad
vanrcd as to which aldc the truth Hes. The logic
OF events would Of course teach us In the elitl,
but We arc not content to awNtt this Acf cfcrrel in
struction. 4 little forcknowlcdge might ennbiu
us to mold the events OF the future. IT our
| manufacturers were assured Tint the nlnnufnct-
iht I1u{fFf NJ atnA hHti f1tEfnOrHH 3hPfn
illry wnull not allow tctn to keep that advau-
tagv, still less to increase 1t. Wc hava been
o,ltstrpped before, but nftcr timc wc haye
| learnt to ovcrtake our rivals, and lcavo them In
turn behind. Is there any reason why we
sAould not DO this again II We lind others havo
hrcn creeping ahead Of Nsl We are not prc-
son, but l,crc as elsewhere the first condition Of
any such inquiry Is to have the enurago TO faco
tie truth. II fwo bcgiu by declining. to admit
the possibility Of my tlIsagreeable hypothesis,
we tnay rs we'll not begtu at all.
Tlic preliminary question whether there Is any
| revival nl prosperity In The United States may
Oe very briefly dismissed. 1t is urged tint agri-
cuEturIsis are having better times, but ll,at
outside Of agriculture there Ia no sign of re-
yivat. Emigration hns commenced to stimulate
once more Tie saic Of Wrstcrn lanls but tlt
~ ut. We cannot Wish Tor q hetter " all. :" Ag-
rteultnrc, ~ Atr. Brassey pointed out, bus d.
ty, n.rl Il renewed strcaln uf enigFants towards
tic West is lie most assured sign OF returning
general prostcrlts., It shows that the waste Of
former years l,us bcen required. The capital
machine going Inns been recovered, un.t
something over; which something forms
thc outfit nni susienancc Of the met!
their fabor. Emigration Ia thus the rcaut of n
gruwth nf wealth which Ia takcn westward nstl
employed IN way sueedty to react N Tic older
~ iSEe"sca sysoomsst i
arc recovering themselves. The Iuct Is proved
by largo t0ly of evidence, md thu argument
that Is brought against 1t involYes an a1Asso1,
Of the truth. VIII this rccDyery flG commune
,, Gated to uss ln former years wu hnve felt thu
INFLUENCE OF change al utice. usII Nur present
Observation-Disclosures begun with thecoiapse
IN sllr United States iu thu nnsuTn Of 1873
| Since depression ratscd depression, recover,
! ought to ca,isc recovery; and this u tn be cx
peetud, unIcss something Inns happened tc
ct!auge slr inscrlcpcndcnre OF the two uat.ons
r!le argua%sat of tlls !eSro'nacnt + that avs
uf American manufacturers n,t tho wngus ol
: American work,nen. Up to 1873 our mactincr,
WAS better, our metho1s uf work were mort
Gcononicsl, The wages Of our 1aboters ~wcrt
, lover. llcncc It happened that tic welfare o
the United Suites was shared by ourselves; oul
.. goosls were produced so cheapy tlMt they. cn
tered the States in spite Of hostile tariffs, as,t
: wa received In cxcla1!go the food that could bs
80 el'eaply produced there. But after. tn.
panic 0l 1873 The manufacturers of the Wes
: IeDrglnfzed their methods OF production
| LllGF FeplMEEQ Ulu llkI WuSLElul tnMtHluErf o.
the newest all most economical, aMd. the wagcI
VI labor l'eng simultaneously reduced, tllt
: efficiency Of production IN tie States approxi
n,atrs to It's efficiency here. The proof is tha
!, Il, NEUTRAL ,narcts, mil aru even fo,1nd In En-
Z gllsh warehouses. The rivalry extends to ina
! ! elnery, and w arc told tllut American ,aana
= tacturrrs assert tint their native machinery Il
! cheaper tian- British. AsNl tlElt II IL also mUr
economical IN worEis'g, 10 II requires icss powc
fnr equal production. Front all Which tIn co,,
: cli!son III lrnWn that recovery vi industry II
the States Any begin and ed there, II, indeed, |
/ | tht manufactures of Alncrtra III a more for
II mldahiu Rivalry with our uwn. Tic plct
. urs " tornlddng, but We must, stisk Il
d look strniEIt at It, its dnrker eolors will dis
: appcar. american Maclincry, 1t is said, IL bet
II ter than ours, lcss costly AM! more efficient.
ooynnd our noWrr l. to br'ns tis bcttcr Ts
{ glanat W. lave borrowed many Yankee no
Q lions, as Yankees lavo borrowed largely iran
us, uiWi lrte truc iu Ideas remains unressrlt ted
/ II 1t Is tlle Iact Capt, 1urnaby reports, lha
il spantay.ls md frenchnuu buy American soud
because tI,GY ars better thuu ours, wo canno
pUssibIy Prevent their going 10 tile hest markell
Il l,nt VIC c:s,i improve upun American excclonet
II We huve 0uie THIS brtnrc nIhl cht TO 1t agatu
IL and, II VIC have buen negligent, it ia evltlct'
that this ca,lte Ut ilisn1 vantage to LIB Is trans
y tnry. 10, asaln. with scte!cnce to tlsu a!cge
n urocesa Ut Copying the luws OF the lutte
il States; nnll this would certainly he dan
t. II t!.e statement had solid foundation. Ill
Id same thing 1nuy be sail OF t!,e Willingness q
,c thu workIncu III New England to receive le.
~ wages ttIan prevail IN Old EngInnl. We aru e,
T. trcncay skcptlral ub0ut tr truth Of the asse
rs tFon, atthuugh II il undoubtedly confirmed l.
T. the fact that sI.ero haa been a slight rctlux
H. cmsgmlion from The United States during III
1t Inst two years. II, however, this inequality Q,
u lists 7 win be carrd hi the forco Of neeessit,
y ME. Forstur did mt 70 at a tuo far in the tait
10 l,o Expressed at Bradford in tho common sellf
to OF worklngMun, w1lcn thu colnlttun Of wur
an Hero H1hi III Ffaccs oF aero htil III tllo Uhltf
states, nru tcrAonst rated to them BY an auilu
ity tlMlt %an be trugtcd. 1t must ntso DO u
served tlnt one Ut TIL, earliest effects Ut thu a
r!cattural rosyal In Nortl, America will be 10 I
n. rrcasc the wugea In all other occupations. v
Mt | nro nwHys too apt tU fnrEet tut tlle
Or Ia a stream of movement fruM tiIe Atlalt
I'd States westward uwttG to tl!e constant attra
lu tions ot fres.i lnlsla IN drawing uN tllu surpl,
M | aqputntton Ut the older iafts Of thu upto