New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1879-09-13

AN IMPORTANT PAPER BY Mr.. DOUGLASS on THB
NEGRO ExoDUs-CO-oPERATIvE sroREs-wEsT.
FIRM PROGRESS.
| The Social Science Association closed its
annual session at Saratoga yesterday. " Fred !"
Douglass furnished an interesting paper on
the negro exodus, which gave rise to discus
sion. Mr.. Hervy spoke on cooperative stores,
and Mr.. Brace sent a. paper on the best meant
of promoting the welfare of poor children
Mr. Potter, of Chicago, gave much valuable
information regarding the growth OF the
West.
TIE CLOSING SESSION IN DETAIL.
THE FUTURE OF THE cOLoRED RACE DIsCUssED-
THE GROWTH OF THE WEST DEsCEIBgD.
lFRoM SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT OF THE rRrBUSEJ
SARATOGA, Sept 12.-The negro exodus was ths
most conspicuous and generally popular topic con'
sidered by the Social Science Association on this
the closing day OF its annual meeting.
larger audience gathered at tho morning
session. when this subject was considered, than az
any previous session, and indeed the entire seating
capacity of the hall was brought into use. Much
DISAPPOINTMENT was felt because Frederick Dougla4
was absent. He had written to the sec
rotary that he would be here, but no
was probably detained by Official duties. In his
ans,nce hIs paper was read by Professor Francis
Waylsnd. Of New-Haven. Mr. Douglass arguments
against the exodus heard with the closest ~
tentlOn, but IL was evident from the favor WIZ
which opposing views were received afterwaId
that large part OF the audience did not agree with
the wIitcr.
Mr. DOUGLASS PAPER EPITOMTsED.
THE NEGRO EXODUS DISCOURAGED.
tits still further said that the exodus l. PECULIARLY the
work of Senator Window. HIS resolution aud speech IN
the Senate last Winter SAID have set this black
bali IN motion. and much wrath has been poured out
upon that humane Senator for his part ~
the movement IL need not b. denied that
there IA truth IN the allegation. Senator WINDOWS
speech and resolution certainly did powerful
stimulus to tuls emigration. Until he spoke there was
general stampede from the cotton ald tusar pahlh
tons of Mississippi ANA ionsana lnerr G,r De , 40
ions from quarter OF what the Government vas
likely 10 DO for them the country to wnieh they
are now going. They may have been told tLe
story OF 9" forty acres aud q mule" AMI some ~
them may have believed and acted upon H. But IL Is
manifest tnat the Teai caus" " TINS extraordinary
exodus lies deeper dow man Any P0nt trsSsn oy ang
.pecnlators defeated onice-seckers Northern malg-
nants speeches aud resolutions IN the srnat unag'd
by other causes ,ouid not, oi ~ r.' ue,
Inuttudinous exodus III notion Bht isumeht
IL ess needed upon this point than testimony We ntNe
The story OF the cmigrants themselves and n any can
reveal the true cause of exodus they eau lh't nave
sd story. aud scandalous to our age ana country,
Much Of their testimony has been given under mo
nimiiy thar tue, are very bady treated at the souh
b,f the uers planters and the old mastercas5
generally deal unfairly win tLemi that having had
uer labor nothing when ihey were slaves these men,
now they are rce by various devices o yet
10. next to Eothn, IhGt work hard, faithfully and
constantly as hey may, live plainly and a. soaringy
as they may they ar" 40 better on nj ne ed "i the
yea than at the beginning Ihey say tLat tLs are me
dupcs aud victims OF cunning aid I'iul ia i-nu- .'-
tracts which they cannot feau ana caiuu. i1S nnnI
stand tnat they compelled 10 trad' Al stores o@hd
wholly in part by tn.ir eapo'eis' ana ,n"' ,aey arc
| nave to pay double the value Of nearly eyey-
thing they buy '" 40 'nSS year. SnT iS an acre
OF ground that VIII not br,ug $50 under the hammer
that landowners are IN league TO prevent and-hOdn2
| by negroes that when they Work tue ANA ON shaftS
they barely make livng that outside The towns and
/ usl. i.ll All
teachers instruct fhelr eniidren that 'bcy are not
only tAe victims fraud aud cunning, but OF violence
auu ~ an re-. are NOT ouen to them that tue Jury
/ box IS virtually closed to tncmi tnat the MUIR
uo con viction or pnnishmeni that for crime FOR when
a while man goes free, biaoS man IL severely pune
ished that mpuuiiy and encouragement DE even ~
tn wealthy nj pee sb.e CLASSES to men tie bas
sort who delight dng ht Raids upon t5 u"enceI' ~;
tBa their Ignorance letters has pax tlcbi at Ac hef'y
OF bent upOa makIg ih "a freedom t''atcr eva
10 them than mir slavery thai the law j. III refuge ~
crime rather Than thai 90 nnOceuc' tnis evan the od
slave@ryei's whip has T. Appeared ana Hf in"n.n ana
seen; hat re q rnment OF evetS souneln ae rn9w
par ments of tue National Government VIII soor he
IN the zane Is .,s or 'sfss '"'' T'" b aGs
BE- in the control 81 the oa u st'is o! 'ne
ill., freedman TO Al, cnndtfIon unalobus 90 slavery. IAey
despair II any change Tor thu brer declaring tnat
everything waxing worse Tor he ne%i" 80 mar LIS
only means of safety Is To leave the sou-h
The NEGRO BETTER or TODAY.
Bad .as 1. the condition ~ tn negro today ~ the
South there time when It was h'grantly aud in
compafaby worse. few years ago be- 81 nothing; be
did not hay, himself his labor and hs right, TO dispose
OF one and the other shall best SUR hi. own fappi-
ness ne has more he has standing H. tAe supreme
law Of the land. In the Constitutions h" United states,
no; 10 be changed or aLt.''u W any 'iJu"S' 49,,
mediate or remote fulurc. The four centh amendment
Voter Win power behind HIM, a' ~ork io. him. mo
negro OF the south may Wisely idc is i1me lhc slta-
Ma, hon IN for thr n, aneni fno h.ni AZ violence
strikes down tnc gro's rshts IA lhe southi l1ose
a ars moi The only people WHO have been
m "A moment Of popular passion Mtitr' ated aud
~Irutly b,en 10 treated; son. Baltimore aaf New
ior. nave tie scenes OF this awes' t!oVuce but
tnose scenes have Low disaI o"r.d. = Ie.ieg may
even now readily r.puisoj fOm tAo door 81 ho.li
hui VIII not Oh thai account gt up "OtlcFcAodC
a. ad 900 year- aEo, but WI quietly pn mon' ~
Lie of civilization viii oycnfualy float HIN As n floats
All her varieties OK the EGnan family Ia waon n'at-
hs In any condition IT, pOs'i.,, " - ',"- W. ''dS
certain, and Il j. t.ng when l. ee'LheA 10 De- niue
very cdSIea ~ iac ro or not be- cSnntcd IN the
b1s.s of representation. The South mast let too
rosxr.ss The chosen norm OF THIS dl maA VIII only
let the negro vote and vote unino cHscd Ter US
"s.h nSalL b 20 0 "o,i,"ss whit ieacnss mil.
io1rs and other ddrk-.antern orgsnIz it0ns." but
let have little cn. clear reason a, We'll lie hter
is -afer guide than the furmor. On this grcat question
We want light rather than heat thought rather tam
feeling CO prchensIv. and Apr c@'.On Oi Mtat
as,ist mich he has thus tar been compelled
u struggle, and sllil Ii ~ 10 struggle.
THE EXODUS Is ILL-TINED.
without abating one J)t OF our horror and indigna-
ton at tue Oltrages committed IN some parts OF the
against the negro. cannot but regard
tLe present agitation Of African exodus from tho
south ns ll-tlmed. and in respects hurtul. We
stand to-day at the beginning OF grand and benchccnt
reaction. There IL growing recognition OF the duty
aud o3ligaton Of tue American people 10
guard, protect and defend the personal aud To-
hucal rights al the people OF inc States 10 uphold