Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1879-05-21


ticatie in the Judgment of the President to
enforce by the oIJiaary course of judicial
proceedings the laws of the Unitd States
within any State or Territory, it shall be
lawful fol- the President to call for the mi
litia Of any or all the States and TO employ
such parts of the land and naval forces of
the United States as he may deem neces-
sary to enforce the faithful execution Of
the laws Of the United States or to suppress
such rebellion IN whatever State or Terri
tory thereof the laws of the United States
may be forcibly opposed or the execution
thereof lorcibly ohstructed.''
This ancient and fundamental law has
been in force from the foundation of the
government.
II Is PROPOSED TO CHANCE THE OLD LAW.
1t is now proposed TO abrogate it on GER
tain days and in certain places In my
judgment no fact has been produced which
tends 10 show thst it ought to be repealed
or suspended for a single hour a, any place
in any of the States or Territories of the
Union. All the teachings of experience IN
the course Of orr history are in favor of
sustaining its efficacy unimpaired.
The LAWS OF THE Fathers MAINTAINED
InE NATION.
On every occasion when the supremacy of
the Constitution has been resisted and the
perpetuity Of orr institutions iulperiled the
principle of this statute enacted by the Fa-
theirs has enabled the government of the
Union to maintain its authority and to pre-
serve the integrity of the nation. At the
most critical periods Of our history M pre-
decessors in the Executive Office have re-
lied on this good principle. 1t was on this
principle that President Washington sup.
pressed the whisky rebellion in Pennsylva-
MIA in 1894. In lS06, on the same princi-
pie President Jefferson broke up the Burr
conspiracy by issuing orders for the en-
pIoyment of such force, either of the reg
ulars or of the militia, and by such proceed
ngs of the civil authorities as
might enable them 10 suppress effectually
the further progress of the enterprise. And
it was under the same authority that Presi-
dent Jackson crushed notification in South
Carolina and that President Lincoln issued
his call for troops TO save the Union in 1861.
On numerous occasions of less significance
under probably every administration, and
certainly under the present, this power has
been usefuly exerted to enforce the laws
without objection by any party in the coun-
try and almost without attracting public at
tention.
The POWER OF SELF-PRorECrIoS.
The great elementary constitutional prin-
ciple which was the foundation of the orig
inal statute of 1892, and which has been its
essence in the various forms it has assumed
since its first adoption, is that the govern
ment of the United States possesses under
the Constitution, in full measure the power
of self-protection by its own agencies, al
together independent of State athority, and
If need be, against the hostility Of State
Governments. 1t should remain embodied
in our statutes unimpaired as it has been
from the very origin of the government. II
should be regarded as hardly less valuable
or less sacred than provision of the Con-
s;itutiOn itself.
OTHER Statutes LIABLE TO BE AySULLED.
There are many other important statutes
provisions that are liable to be
suspended or snnulled at the times and
places OF holding elections if the till be-
fore me should become law. l do not
undertake to furnish list of them. Many
Of them, perhaps the most of them, have
been set forth in the debates on the meas
rre.
WHAT THEY RELATE TO.
They relate 10 extradition, to crimes
against the election laws, to quarau tine reg
to neutrality, to Indian reserva-
tions, to the civil rights of citizens, and TO
other subjects. In regard to them all it
may be safely said that the meaning and
effect OF the bill is to take from the Gener-
al Government an important part of its
powe. 10 enforce the laws. Another grave
objection TO the bill is its discrimination in
favor of State and against the national
The BILL FOR STATE, AND AGAISsr THE
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.
Tha presence or employment of the army
,r navy Of the United States is lawful un-
Ter the terms Of this bill at the place where
IN election is being held in State to up
hold the authority of State government
hen and there in meet, of such military in
ervention, but unlaw to uphold the au-
hority Of the United States then and there
n need of such military Intervention.
Under this bill the presence and employ
nent of The army or navy of the United
States would be lawful and might bs neces-
iary to maintain the conduct of State
election against the domestic violence that
would overthrow it, but would be unlawful to
maintain the conduct of national election |
lgainst the same local violence that would
overthrow it.
THIS DIsCRIMISATIoS.
This discrimination has never been at |
empted in any previous legislation by Con-
,ress, and is no more compatible with sound
principles of the Constitution or the neces-
ary maxims and methods of our system of |
government on occasions elections than at
,ther times.
In THE EARLY LEGISLATION.
In the early legislation of 1892 and of |
195, by which the militia of the States |
vas the only military power resorted to |
or the execution of the constitutional |
'owers in support of the tates or National
both functions of the government
we're put upon the same footing.
WHEN THE AUTHORITY WAS GIVEN.
By the act of 1907 the employment of |
he army and navy was authorized for the !
of both constitutional duties |
n the same terms. In all later statutes on |
he same subject matter the same measure !
# authority to the government has been |
ccorded for the performance of both these |
Iuties. No precedent has been found il
ny previous legislation.
HE REASON Why THE PRESENT BILL FA-