Daily Los Angeles herald., 1879-03-02

dation of these passengers, the
simple purpose and effect of the en-
actment We're to repress this immi-
grafton to an extent falling but
little short of its absolute exclu-
sion. The bill as amended in the
Senate and now presented to me
includes an Independent and ad.
ditional provision, which aims and
in terms requires the abrogation by
this government of articles 5 and
G of the treaty with China, COM
monty called the Burlingame
treaty, through tile action of the
Executive epjoined by this provis.
ion of the act. The Burlingame
treaty, of which the ratifications
were eXchangedat Pekin, Nov. 23j,
1863, recites as the occasion and
motive of it's negotiation by the
two governments that, "since the
conclusion of the treaty between
the United States of America and
the Ia Using Empire (China) of the
18th of June, 1858, circumstances
have arisen showing the necessity
of additional articles thereto and
proceeds to an agreement as to said
additional articles. These neg)tia-
tions, therefore, ending by the sig
nature of the additional articles
July 25th, 1883, had for their OBJ
ject the completion Of our treaty
rights and obligations towards the
Government of China by the incor-
poration Of these new articles as
thenceforth parts of tho principal
treaty to which they are made sup.
plemental. Upon the settled rules
of Interpretation applicable to such
supplemental negotiations the text
of the princlpa treaty and of these
additional articles thereto,n con-
stitute one treaty from the conc!u-
sion of the new negotiations in all
parts of equal and concurrent force,
and obligations between the two
governments and to all intents and
purposes as if embraced in one in.
strument. The principal treaty, of
which the ratifications were ex-
changed August 10th, 1859, recites
that "rhe United States of Ameri-
ca and the Tong Empire, desiring
to maintain firm, lasting and sin.
cere friendship, have resolved to
renew in a manner clear and posi-.
tive by means of treaty or general
convention of peace, amity and
commerce, the rules which shall in
future be mutually observed in the
intercourse Of their espective coun-
tries and proceeds In its thirty ar
ticles to lay out a careful and COM
prehensive system for the CONNER
cial relations of our people with
China. The main substance OF all
the provisions of this treaty is to
define and secure the rights of our
people in respect of access 10 resi-
dence and protection in and trade
with China. The actual provisions
in our favor in these respects were
found to be adequate and
appropriate to the articles of
our commerce and by the
concluding article we receive
the important guarantee that,
should at any time the Ia Using
Empire grant to any nation or the
merchants orcitizens of any nation
any right, privileges or favor con-
nected either with navigation, COM
merce, political or other intercourse,
which is not covered by this treaty,
such right, privilege and favor shall
at once be freely given to the bene-
fit of the United States, its public
| officers. merchants and citizens.
Against the body of the stipulations
in our favor and this permanent
engagement of equity in respect OF
all future concessions to foreign ma,
tions, the general promise of per-
manent peace and good of1icess on
our part seems to be the only equiv
alent. The first article undertakes
as follows: There shall be as there
has always sbeen, peace and friend
ship between the United States ol
America and the Ia Tsing Empire
and between their people respec-
lively. They shall not insultlor op.
press each other for any tritiing
| cause so as to produce an estrange.
| ment between them and if any
other nation should act unjustly OF
oppressively, the United States
will extend their good offices on
being informed Of the cause, to
bring about an amieabIe arrange.
ment of the question, thus show.
ing their friendly feelings. AT the
date of the negotiations of this
treaty our Pscifc possessions had
attracted q considerable Chinese
emigration and the advantages and
inconveniences felt or feared have
therefore become more or less man.
ifest, but they dictated no stipuIa-
tion on the subject to be incorpora-
ted in the treaty. The year 1868
was marked by the striking event
of spontaneous embassy from the
Chinese Empire headed by an
American citizen, AnsOn Burlin.
game, who had relinquished his
diplomatic representation of his
own country in China to
assume that OF the Chinese
Empire to the United States,
and the European nations.
By this time the fact of Chinese
immigration and its future in
fiuence, present and prospective,
had become more noticeable and
were more observed by the popula-
ton Immediately affected and by
this government. The principal
feature of the Burlingame treaty
was its attention to and its treat
ment of the Chinese immigration
and tho Chinese as forming, or as
they should form, part of our
population. Up to this time oul
uncovenanted hospitality to emf.
grafton, our fearless liberty of citi-
zenship, our equal and comprehen-
sive justice to all inhabitants,
whether they abjured their foreign
nationality or not, our civil free.
dom and our religious liberation,
had made all corners welcome and
under these projections the Chinese
in considerable numbers had made
their lodgment upon our soil. The
Burlingame treaty undertakes to
deal with this situation, and Its
fifth and sixth articles embrace its
I - -.