, 1879-03-06

cicty; lilo mcnsnrc,l action OF It's forces gives
rise 10 fixed amount u morality and liberty
in cnc'i ngo, hut that amount increases eac'' 80
efdl evolution. The sayfpe n unD Ia whom GER
tain c!asses Of feelings md emoti"ns prcdoinf-
nate, mid ho becomes civilized Just in propor
tiun rs these feelings atc slowly replaced by
others OF higher character"
"Man ansl society, therefore, As Viewed BY
The cyc Of acfcncc, .prtAent acriea Of vast ald
complex dYnaInIcal uroh1ems. which arc to bo
studied IN the future In the light Of the great
law by which, we layc rcason to believe. "ll
forms Ind phases OF f0rcG ArD guycrned.h ~
Herbert Spencer founls hls systcm ns phi.
losoply upon this IMsts-tllu pcrslsteneo OF
TorGe, as lle prcfers to call it-aud 10 thoFc who
believe 'hat tIlc laws Of Nature must be under.
may 10 eonsidcrcd the beginning OF truo
philosophy. in It llcs comprehension Of tho
tendency A'ld result of many social 1t'enomuna.
Including ll'e ono under consideration.
voman's temperance organization 1t might not
lead to ar abandonment Of the crusade, but
would ccFtntnly open their cyes 10 tho nature OF
nc work undertaken, and to ttse 1act Tint tho
sltceessfu,, would be not more than step
tnwar tic real object Of their dcsircs,-a
thnrough temperance reform.
From tho Gtst Of tho nbovu excerpts II will be
BccIl that ni reEorn nnd progress In civilization
may be embraced under one or the other Of thcso
Two C0nditf0n5:
l. Growth; whcre forces not before utilized
nre brought Into action ind mn.le to contribute
2. Divrr.lon; wl.erc forces now cxnenacd
either In positive rfcc or III results uf M utility
arc turned from old channels and brought Into
rcgafsilon FOR stc pro'notIou Of virtue ind uso-
SInes time ia required for man 10 accomplish,
results, either evil or usc:ul. time may br re.
Eurcd rs QUO OF lIcsr forces. II inan liabftunl
II spruds Two hU,lrs u day III liquor saloons, tic
shutting mp Of such places will not a,,nisllase
fhNsn ttf,ftr hIx fnv. fft,1ncz
SLOW him sotnc way IN which, frum ch0lre, he
can Eass this time, either iu scff-cuLure or
amusement, the hours simply hucomu an nec,l-
fnnlat!1g force to bring about q rcopeninE Of
thc saloons.
The ,nnp who dams up q etrca1n In the hope
of kcnr!n.. tho water out OF lls meadow, !s only
Gccumuating flood that will sonlu iaY colllu
lowu 1pon hin with al1 its pcnt-up vengeance;
hut he wlio digs channel whereby IT'S watcrs
cuu he tascn urouHd his field to somc point be-
low. md uti!izcs the head thus obtained tn turn
n MILL. has not only sccllrcd Ills origiual mr.
pose, hut has converted 4 force, TINT would
otherwise hayo run to wastc, into q buurtt for
himself and mankind,
Here Is the very secret anl foundation Of all
reform. Instead Of vain uttGuapts to suppress
thC expenditure Of human eneigy, lts mission
Is to divert such currents Into new clIaunels,-
from hasc purposes 10 MORT wos thy cnlcnyur.
No annLl1fAtlon VI force, either nlcn,u! ur
pbysicai ID within tho range OF possibility.
Though prayed for by all lhe women Of TIC
| land.
Again, since individual action Tor forcc) In
controlled by individual will, nuy diversion of
| it's expenditure to nore noble purposcs must be
mntter OF Clloicc, either voluntary OF enforced
| through fear Of legal pcnalty; hut Legislation
!liat ssa1i mike liz pcnalty elective can only
DC Bccured wien fs,c minority of tile people
have reached tl1at standard Of Intelligence aud
morality that, with them, tic higher object
osp p's'i,ss' ssee'fs! so ys% 'ets
one Of choice cxeuslvciE II thc tnpossibility
uf creating social forco by enactment wcsu
| more gencrally understood VIC should hear less
| Ing The: people to ii higher standard than tl,r
| general avcrAga morality. The stream ea.,lot
rise higher than its1ountain. Social force must
he matter Ut Erowtll,-hastenrd 1T may be by
patient aud well directed effort ,@a'lsl only when
legislation be omployctl to brlug up tho few
that lnY behind. This view Of tic case inay
seem d!scouraging to some enthusiastic people
who expect to sec the world changed ln q day,
never Was so changed, md never will be. We
might as we'll expect to discover perpetual
motion as to sec permanent reform brought
about without the eradua! accumulation Of
moral forcc equal to tic auSainlnE III. True,
under the splIr Of excitement mid spasnloac
| enthusiasm great apparent progress ts spme-
times made, but reaction always sets ID, u1,1 tho
ca,ssc, however worthy, often receives a last!ng
10 apply this reasoning to the subject in
hand VIC must arat consider the sttuatlun as NJ
find It. There exists In mankind u natural In
sltnatton for ntln,ulante; slight # may bc ut
inG BY what It feeds on, 1T Is liahlo
to BECOME a craving passioll. Fostering this
growth arc many cuasoms Of society, such
rs the social ethsa to pro1noto conversation; the
display Of onos generous disposition by treaslnt;
hts friend; tie sumc thing aa means Of facIl-
itasing business or securing customer, etc.
But tsie most serious Of all incentives to dlssl-
patton Is tho fact that lnrge class Of men,,
clerks, mechanics, a'd laborerS, hayo their even
Tugs to themselves when they naturally seek
amusement; not finding It nt their homes, they
drift into saloons ~ the most comfortable
places opcu to tlIcln, nlla the most convenient
for meeting their friends. Once therc, the train
OF circumstances leading ito iutoxEcatlon aro
readily appreciated. Now all these thnga arc
sucal forces that will exist after prayer Just tho
same us before. At psescnt they .are excrtcl In
drawing mon towards drun1iards' graves. Tho
problem Is, not to nunihtlate such forcGS, for
l!at IS impossible, but to change their direction.
Reform titus resolves ltsclf into these two H.
! dspensabla conditions:
J 1. 10 open other cllunuels for the expenditure
Of this ttrno aud energy, within reach of the
1 ulasBeH.
9, To develop an appreciation Of these new
ways to such an extent that they will be takcu
as i matter Of free choice.
As nn Illustration, suppose an opportunity
Tor COURSE Of aelt-culture Is madc ftcrly ac-
cesslb'o to ull; Its advantages over thu wasting
Of oil ones leisure hours III trt1!ng aMlHcnlcnts
ar0 80 pAipablu thnt many YouuE Incu when
their ideas are awakened BY personal appeal,
would sec therein the most attractive aause.
n1cnt, they could 1nd. Fur others Of less ambl-
ton, harmless asuusements might bo provided
that could compete with the saloons, and beat
them On their own ground. It Is utterly useless
TO ignore tho fact that amusement, in suinu
form or other, ~ u nutural-a,,d, because nat
ural, justlAablc,. Of c1pend!ng human
energy. Tin problem Ia to control It's chauncls,
rather than fruttleas effort to ctoko then, up.
Take, for illustration, tho custom of treating
onc's frlends. Hero 10 u social force exorted by
an individual to make hinlselt agreeable. Fri
n,artly 1t is to 10 commended; to destroy tts
torco would be to sever. Que OF tho strongest
Ties Of social l!fe. Tho fault 10 not ln the un,
derlyIug purpose. but in its peryerslon. II men
could bu Induced to proyu thclr possession OF
thesu genial qualities In some other way thata
by offering friend liquor, u strong incentive
to lnteInpvrauco would quietly disappear. II Is
fact that inen frequently drink With positive
TO ho d!scoartcous to friend By refusing. THE
Gar1naus nlanags this matter much better: In
FatheEtanA each one buys bis own drink, They
| olIcr other lftklp p[fts To frta1df, but hccr uI