davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15

The great ice-houses of the companies
that supply our cities and large villages
are always built above ground, and many
of them are very rude structures built OF
roguh boards in the cheapest manner pos
sible 1t was formerly supposed that the
roof of an ice-house must be donbly board.
ed and filled in between the boards with
some non-conductor, but this is waste Ia
Dor. All that is wanted of IL roof is to
keep off the rain. A close air above ice is
Il damage to it. Good ventilation keeps
the sawdust dry and porous, making it !,
better conductor.
For Il farmer who has no vacant shed in
which to store ice, or much money to
waste on this luxury, recommend that he
build rude structure, in some convenient
square on the ground, with posts ten feet
high, double boarding it, and filling in be-
tween the boards with slwdust. The roof
may be boarded Or shingled, us he pleases.
If the former, the cracks should be bat
tened. The ground should be covered also
with sawdust, to the depth of six inches,
to prevent the heat of the earth from melt
ing the ice. Such structure will hold a
little over thirty tons of ice-more than
enough for an ordinary family, and giving
Il good margin for the accommodation of
neighbors.
One OF the great secrets of keeping ice is
to pack it well. The cakes should be cut
of uniform size-two feet long by fifteen
inches wide is Il convenient size for hand
ling-and in packing care should be taken
to fill up all the interstices with broken
ice, and t" to break joints, as the masons
say. This prevents the circulation of air
through the mass. Each layer should be
kept level, and if between each layer there
is little pounded ice, the cakes will come
out all the better when needed for use. OF
course over the top layer there should be a
covering of sawdust six inches deep. If
ice packed in this manner does not keep
rs long us it is wanted. it will probably be
in consequence of wasteful consumption in
The house,. Hyde, IN Country Gcntle-
man.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15

FLUSHING WITH FERTILIZERS. "A cor
respondent wishes to know if we dom
think we were little hasty in our repro.
baton of the habit which some farmer,
have, of fussing with so called chemical
fertilizers, of which they know nothing. >
to the neglect of manure making by util-
izinG all the wastes of the stable and
iarm-yard. Our friend says very truly
that on many farms. especially in the old
states, where fertilizers arc most needed
there is not stock enough kept to furnish
what the land requires. and that it is only
a choice between commercial fertilizers
and starvation of the soil.
Very well-but it still remains true that
II great many farmers could make fifv
loads more than they do, of excellent fer
tillzer, by the use of muck, leaves or other
composing material, and the liquid and
other wastes of their barns. 1t is true,
also. that commercial fertilizers are used
too much at random, and therefore extrav-
agantly and foolishly. Some farmers have
an idea that everything which is sold
under the name of " fertilizer" is good
for the land provided it has smell and
is labeled with learned book " ANALYSIS"
and few testimonials on the patent med
icine advertising plan.
This we call "fussing" of the most
foolish sort. A dozen rows of corn or Il
patch of grain in the corner of the field
will give farmer an "anaysis " of any
fertilizer that is worth Il good deal more
to hlm-than any chemists report. Ma
ture should be the farmers consulting
chemist, and the bushe measure his maker
OF certificates, In other words, let him
md out whether particular compound
is what his land requires, by the simple
expedient of trying it, before he loses
money and time in applying it wholesale.
Every intelligent mans farm should be an
experiment station. The quality, quantity
TO be used and methods of applying new
fertilizer can be ascertained only by sue
cessive and varied trials continuously and
carefully observed. Don't GO in blind
therefore, on the grabbing, pig-in-a- poke,
happy go-lucky style of farming. - Goldcn
Rule.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
ASHES AND OTHER PoTAsu NAM

ASHES AND OTHER POTASH MANURES.
Wood ashes are well known rs a valua-
BILE fertilizet. Every one konws the re-
markabe effects which have followed
their application when they have been
used even in small quantities. I he benefits
have been apparent for 20 years after one
liberal application. This marked effect is
supposed to be due to the potash contained
in them, but it is curiously true that leach
ed ashes, from which all the potash has
been Dissolved, also show remarkable
effects when nsed in such large quantities
as so or 100 bushels per acre. The effect
in this case is probably due to the carbon
ate of lime contained in. the leached ashes,
which in some ways furnish an effective
substitute for the potash. probably to the
extent that one alkaline substance may
substitute another when vegetable matter
containing nitrogen is to be acted upon.
This mode of action will be referred to
hereafter. Potash in one form or another
is absolutely necessary to the growth OF
plants. This substance is one of the three
indispensable constituents of any complete
fertilizer, the others being phosphoric acid
and nitrogen. But now that the supply Of
wood ashes is all but exhausted, 1t is found
that the yield of chops has fallen off very
much, and n substitute must be found
before this can be restored. When timber
was so plentiful that it was burned upon
the ground as radiance of it, the ashes
were literally strewn over the surface
which was rich in decomposing vegetable
matter, was then present every requisite
for maximum crops. The soil was then
in what was called II virgin condition, by
which was meant that it was rich in all
that was needed for full fertility. There
was abundant phosphoric acid and nitro
gen in thr decomposed vegetable matter,
or hun1uS, that was in the soil, and the
potash in the ashes was not only sufficient
for several crops, but it aided greatly in
reducing the organic matter in the soil to
its miaeral elements, and in setting free
abundant nitrogen from 1t also, Thus, in
itself valuable plant food, it was also IN
effective provider of other food substances,
without which vegetation could not attain
its highest vlgor.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
Central Vermont R. R. Line.
Commencing Monday, Dc. so, 1873.
TRAINS GOING SOUTH AND EAST.

TRAINS GOING SOUTH AND EAST.
f.eaye Montpelier at II ss A. NJ, 40 and 9OOP.M.
Mail TRAIN from Montreal, Malone, st. Adams,
Burlington, &c, leaves Montpelier lao A. NJ, foE
BOSTON, New London, Springfield, New York, and
MIXED TRAIN leaves st. Adams ~ NJ, Burlington
IOP NJ. Montpelier 7.iO p. N for NOrthheld. 49, .
NiGHr ExPREss from Ogdensburg, Montreal. st. Al
bans and Burlington, leave Montpelier at 900 P NJ, tor
Boston via Lowell or Fitchburgh. Springfield, New
York aud intermediate points.
TRAINS GOING NORTH AND WEST.
Leave Montpelier at 25 49A, NJ IL 10 and % P N.
DAY EXPRESS leaves Boston via, FItchburgh at 30
Springfield 100 A. NJ, Montpelier % P. NJ, for Bur-
lipgtOn, ST. Adams, Montreal and Ogdensburg.
ACCOMMODATIONS Train leaves Northheld at > 30 A. NJ
Montpelier $40 A. M for Burlington Rutland. 81.
Albans st. Johns aud Richford.
MIXED leaves White River Junction 200 A. NJ, North
field I2OO NJ, arrives at Montpelier IL 32 P. NJ.
ACCOMMODATIONS leaves Montpelier l2lO +. NJ for
burlington, Rutland and St Adams.
NIGHT EXPRESS leaves Boston via, Lowell at 30 p.
NJ. via, Ftchburgh 500 p NJ, New York 800 p. NJ D.,
Springfield CO p NJ Montpelier p A. NJ for Burling-
Trains leave MONTPELIER for Barre at 30 A H., 1000
A. M, and4 42P. NJ
Returning leave Barre at OO a ~ ana III 0O A. ~, ana
Sleeping cars are attached to Night Express trains
running between Montreal and Boston, and Montreal
Paror Cars and Day Express between Boston and
through tickets for Chicago and the West for sale at
j. w.HOBART,
Genl. Supt.
CIV. BENTLEY,
Genl. Manager.
st. Adams, Vt Dec. %, 1873.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15

CAUTION AGAINST SWINDLERS.-J. G..
b., Cortland county, New York, writes :
Allow me to expose the operations of Il
ring of sharpers who are pretty thorough
ly canvaSsing central New York, and
doubtless other portions of the country
The mode Of operation has been, in near
ly all cases, for two or three men to call,
particularly on farmers, with something
to sell. If they fail to induce the party
to purchase, they prevail on him, if posi-
BILE, to act rs agent for the sale of the al
ticle in that vicinity, and the victim is re-
quested to sign paper accepting the
agency. Many tolerably bright farmers
and business men are intluepced into sign
ing the paper, only TO find, IL few days
after, that they have signed an order for
II large amount Of worthless and unstable
trash at Il fixed price, which they are fore
ed to pay. | have now in mind seven par
ties who have compromised with these
swindlers by paying from 800 to $500
each. One farmer who, by the way,
would neither buy nor accept IN agency,
was requested to distribute few circulars
for them among his neighbors. lie gave
them his name on II blank piece of paper
at their request, and Il few days thereafter
there came, in place Of the circulars, thirty
odd volumes of II book called The
Farmers Comprehensive Diary" and
man who presented bill for SlGS, backed
by his the flrmer's] order. He declined
paying the bill, and was ut once served
with II supreme court writ, answerablc ut
Syracuse, fifty miles distant In one
other instance II farmer gave his order for
one g farm bell" for which he was to pay
So. In few days he found at his railroad
station one hundred bells, and the inevita-
Bile man with the order and bill soon pre-
'ented himself. Very easy to be seen that
he order had been enlarged from one to
one hundred. and the bill from S. to $500. |
In conclusion, let me say to the farmers
who read the New York Times that the
safe way, and the only safe way, is to re-
use these men any agency or sign any
PAPER; and if the man is not too large IL
nan, it would make things little safer,
md decidedly better every way, to help
lin into the street,-Nteo YORK; Times.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
agricultural Department.
o. n. TINkHAM, Editor.

All communications for this department should be
sent to the editor Mr.. o. NJ. TINKHAM. N. Pom
fret, Vt.
Please write side of the paper only, sign such
name or initials as you wished published but give
Stata
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
Hen House.

WHAT KINDS OF FOWLS SHALL BE KEPT?
Much of this backwardness of the poul-
try interest is due to want of knowl.
edge of the best breeds ard their charac-
terlstics, so that the right kind is rarely
found in the right place. Thus blame IS
laid where it does not belong and possible
profit is missed. Some fowls are chosen
for fancied beauty, and Il few feathers of a
certain color are all that one gets for his
money and trouble, in place of eggs and
chickens. Then, again, Il variety that will
not thrive in close confinement is chosen
for Il small place; and, again, fowls that
will fly like cartridges are sought TO be
kept outside Of garden fence; or IL brood
that will set and brood for weeks and
months continuously, is chosen in the ex
pectation of getting eggs.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15

BENG under the control of the four Iiter,rv Soi
IL mas ,he same claim upon the alumni v;bi 81. =
gcs: wa '0 'He lollowlhs adYanta-
lst, ~ VIII be published twice term fins ,if
double the number of copies ' mus giving
is FRESH and reddabLe. '' 4O'uluS out what
Sru, Being issued by the four societies II wilton,
i tleh aud their alumni into closer nnion snI %
III 'hG HI az common interests and a common on W
Ill ne same labor which was formeriv nr
ipo Ivy Puolcatlons VIII now be deyotad tS dp
Pt 70 winch VIII alike be the exponent of the G IA
ESPECIAL ATTENTION is calle1 T., 4tr
every one VINO subscrbes for this paper does &C nat
% Oeitevt We seminary and the cause OF CLrisT
cdttoh eEerywhere 1t will be the aim Of the eah-
m an II tRe equal OF college journals and Tia 70
care and taithtulness which made the twn tne same
XfI5v WI render tue new double i 50
EVERY MINISTER IN THE VERMoST C oS,srGSItn0
n no better way can he do this than Nv and
TINS paper and thus Keep himself We'll for
reSaru 10 school matters and the prosnents WIN
young peoneof to-day upon whom ara so OF inc
lL iS, future hopes of the church " 0'ou 10 rest
There may be those who saw thn Co,,,i,,.--
In put lust let them through our couni,ss uvcilu-
hunpse OF what the faculty and students eaten
are not dead net. 7' 'helr minds. We
=, h Lie IS short and what We do must be dan,
therefore SUBSCRIBE AT ONCE 'o u'u9 quickly
Price 70 cents per year, Is cents each
THE MONTPELIERIAN
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15

Let not the stream of your life always
be murmuring stream.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
THE MONTPELIERIAN
rMhItf AAN
WHITE BRONZE MONUMENTS.
Head Markers, Tablets. etc.

Also life size
SIAIOARf d MEDALLI0NS, PORTR4J y p,-sys
s5 Si9hiDiERS STATUE feet high to be poco
URNs, VASES and BououEr Uo, MN.
e ea SoTner Markers Cemetery Lag
ODD Fellow and Masonic Embiems' Oeen5sury Plants,
D Dasm p, n almost endless variety. cemetery
to e5e are ai made from pure Zine and ConnEss Nc
Matsrisi than o Rr actually Thicker and eltfd
i9r oyf@nds of years. and Tr6 S1009 a
terry Purposes; also i"i now III use for Gene
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
FOWLS FOR EGGS.

There are some breeds that are known
as non-settcrs,' and which rarely
cvince desire for brooding. They Law
on with rare intermissons, and are the
most desirable for keeping in town or viii
lage yards, or for farms where there is a
large range, and where eggs are soupht
more than flesh. The Black Spanish and
the Leghorns, White and Brown, are the
principal breeds of this character. When
we'll kept, an average of two hundred
eggs yearly may be expected from each
hen; more than this has been credi.e to
these fowls. One breeder of Brown Lev
horns has stated that fowl which died in
its eleventh year, had produced more than
two thousand eggs. But let no one who
expects to keep II garden in good order
choose either of these breeds, unless a
yard is provided and surrounded with a
picket fence, at least ten or twelve feet
high; nor should any person who has a
desire to live at peace with his neighbors,
try to maintain such condition and u
flock of these fowls at the same time.
They are active foragers, will wander half
mile from home and are wild and sus-
picious. In shape they are comely and
symmetrical, and the Brown Lsghorns are
handsomely leathered, and not much I'M
like some of the Games in appearance.
Their chief fault is their large combs,
which are subject to be badly frozen in the
winter time.
FOWLS FOR EGGS AND CHICKENS
BRAHMAS.
The first fowl for flesh, eggs and chick
ems is undoubtedly the Light Brahma. In
some respects, it is also an extremely
handsome bird, Its fine carriage, LARGE
size, pure black and white plumace, to.
gether with its tameness and docility, rem
der it very attractive. From its inability
to fly or jump, it may be kept within
picket fence, three feet high; and if the
house and yard are kept clean, and whole.
some food is provided, there is no more
hardy and healthy fowl than this 1t is a
winter layer; pullets Matched in March
will begin to lay in November OF earlier.
Cockerels of eight months may reach the
weight of eight or nine pounds, and, when
mature, have turned the scales at twelve
to sixteen pounds. For market this is The
popular fowl, its yellow legs and flesh
pleasing the popular eye. AS broilers they
sell readily ut high prices, and no other
yOuhS io"l Is So juicy Vi wei HaV0rcd. Z
They may be ready for market when ,
three months old. The hens arc good ,
mothers, are so docile that they may DO ,
lifted oil or on the nest, and will readily !
foster strange chickens. The chicks are :
remarkably hardy, and will thrive well in =
the cold weather of early spring, when y
many other varieties would perish The :
Dark Brahma is not a popular fowl. II +
is neither productive nor hardy, and is /.
now rarely seen, except in few farmers 9
yards. !.
PLYMOUTH RoCKe.
The most promising new breed for gen,
,,.aI ,,ao Sc A. Dlu,,,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
LAW AND COLLECTION OFFICE
TRUMAN r. GORDON,
Attorney and Counselor at Law
SOLICITOR OF CLAIMS AND PENSIONS
FOR THE WAR or 1910

~, . ~ Ut ~ .TOTTTVI1VT' 7 tFWVdT,
All legal business transacted in Satisfaction.
uGr anu al reasonabie rates Notes. B Ills and Claim
10 natter Tor what: no expense incurred cx
cept coqlSslnh Tor collecting, and Charge nnins
S9 f BiS and Demands collected in eyery psr
iorGosed and Wills and Deeds drawn in the iafest u
IN''H9' Flint
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

The most promising new breed for gen.
eral use is the Plymouth Rock, cross
bred fowl originating from the old but not
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
ATTENTIONTT
THE MONTPE[IERTAN

,b ienqs OF the Seminary are requested to notico
~ III r I9at tna PAGTOLUS and the BAND AM
hencefanrtb SoukNAL have been united and viii
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-15
Ayers CathartiC Pills,
For all the purposes of Il Family phy,g
C L Il / Y &

Costiveness, Jaundce, Dyspepsia. N.5i-.sL. N."
entcry, Foul Stomach and Breath, ll,aiacac Lrr.
siir.a,. Piles, rheumatism, I.ruit. us ana ska n..
eases rbll'Hsuess Liver CaWria'1', b.''sy, Ie't
Tuners au salt Rnaum, WJrHs. ii ~. y .gra-.t.n
Il Dinner Pill, aud Puril, iArt'a Blood. ara tie MH
purgative yet perfected Inatr aa@''
show owmuch they excel a'' u'tsr l4.
They are safe end pleasant - taxi, Of pIArru'
cure. They purge out the foul hur0r~ .. taa W
they stimulate the sluggish or d,sorderrl ur-as l'
action; and they impart health and tome 'l. w.
being. They cute not only the every day 'a,sg''
of everybody, but formidable AID dancer ID, ii'a-.,
Most skiful physicians, most eminent cl.r-yIo.4lt
our best citizens, send certificates of cures er'TuA
and OF great benefits derived from these Pills I-
are the safest and best physic for children, Arg"
mild as well as eifectual Being sugar coated 'ar
Gre easy to take; and being purely vegetable tayir
entirely harmless
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22
DIR Y GOODS.

DLATZ BRANDT, dealers in Dry Goods
l. and Groceries, corner of Sd and Main
Al
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22

IOHN KICK, manufacturer end dealer in
- all kinds of Furniture and Upholstery :,
I'd street. LIST block south of Main
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22
MISCELLANEOUS.

IL Co., Propr's., West Water stree, YES
side of river
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22
Selling at Cost.

HHANGE OF BUSINESS ObIiges me to
" sell my entire Stock of Harnesses, Sad
dies, Whips Blankets, &C., within the next
80 days BELOW COST. | shall also be
obliged to let those know that are owing
me to pay within 80 days 10 order to save
further cost. Shop, corner Main and Third
Sts.. up stairs. P. HERZOG.
WATERFOWL, Nov. 26th. 1878.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22
POst0ffiCe News Room.
WATERFOWL, WIS.
FROM 10 TO % PER CT. SAVED.

can order many of the most popular
periodicals in America DIT Club Rates. which
are much less than publishers rates to sin
gle subscribers | can have any OF the fol-
lowing newspapers and periodicals sect to
auy address within the United States, direct
from the office of publication, ut the price
named, winch includes postage and all COM
missions and charges. These are but few
of the many publications for which have
the agency. If you wish any of the papers
in this list, or any paper which is not
named here, leave your money and names
at the post office, and your paper will com
mence as soon as your order can reach the
publisher. No risk to run. All moneys
sent by post Office orders
| Chicago Tribune, weekly .......... ! 20
" 6 daily............. go. IL so
+" Inter Ocean, daily. ...... SO
&C 50 week. y........" | Is
Harpers Magazine Observation-Disclosures. 3 so
Bazaar so
Weekly Observation-Disclosures. 3 so
Scribuer's Monthly ................ 3 so
Saint Nicholas. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. 2 IS
Hearth and Home. 80. .. 2 90
New Y ork Ledger ......... ........... 2 IS
Scientific acknowledgements. -....... 3 90
DeIUOT6SL 5 MOululy 0U
American Agriculturalist. ........ 80
Arthurs Magazine ................... 2 Is
Milwaukee Sentinel, weekly.........- l so
&C News, L" ...... | so
Peterson's Magazine. IS
Now is the time to make up your list OF
| papers for the coming year. All orders
| promptly filled and satisfaction guaranteed
in every instance. J. T. MOAK.
| Watertown Dec 10th 1875.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22
I'D R OUT Z e 6 6
c. AND
Go Daily a. Trains
CHICAGO, ST. PAUL AND
MINNEAPOLIS

The Chicago, Milwaukee and st. Pau!
Railway is the only Northwestern Line
connecting in same depot Sin Chicago with
any Of the Great Eastern Railways. aud is
the most conveniently located with refer
ence to reaching any Depot, Hotel or place
of business in that City.
Through Tickets and Through Baggage
Checks to all Principal Cities.
Steel Rail Track, thoroughly ballasted,
free from dust. Westinghouse Improve
Automatic Brake; Millers Safety Platform
and Couplings on al Passenger Cars.
The finest Day Coaches and Palace Sleep
ing Cars.
This Road connects more Business Cen
tres, Health and Pleasure Resorts, and
passes through finer county, with arande'
scenery, than any other Northwestern line
A.Y. H CARPENTER,
Gen. Pass and Ticket Agent
S. S.MERRILL, JNO. G. GAULT,
Gen. Manager. Asst Gen. Manager
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22

The Double Fire Pot, which is used only
under our patent, is one Of he most drsir-
able Improvements in Base Burning Stoves.
The lower illumination is between the two
fire pots and is at all times as bright as the
upper illumination, and at the same time
the ashes and cinkers are not exros"d to
view as in all other stoves which have the
lower illumination opposite the crate. A.
least 10 per cent, os :he tnel is saved by the
use of tt e Double Fire. Pot, the heat radiat
ing from between the two fire. pots Instead
of through a cast-iron fre-pot as in other
stoves.
The descending fines pass along ash-oot
sides and into the base, giving the stove an
face.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-01-22

in te CITY, consisting of the latest and
MO Fashionable styles OF Ladies, Gentle
mems and Children Wear He deals with
none but the most reliable eastern manu-
facturers, and has heavy and choice as
sortment OF Ladies French Kid Button.
French Kid Polish, Ladies Box Toe Shoes,
Ladies Box-Toe Slippers, and all other var
ieties most in demand, and most substan
:ial. He has n splendid stock of Ladies
goods from Reynolds Bros, Utica, N Y .
which are not surpassed.
He has been careful in the selection of
all bis stock, particularly with reference to
serviceable qualities and beauty of finish
he invites the public to examine his stock
He warrants all goods.