davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

1t is difficult in the present day to realize the
fact that wheat was at one time unknown in
America; yet prior to the discovery OF tins
continent byColumbus there was no cereal in
America approaching IN nature to the wheat
plant. 1t was not, observes the American nv
lcr, until 1880 that wheat found its way into
Mexico, and then only by chance. A slave of
Cortcz found few grains of wheat IN parcel
of rice, and showed them to his master, who
ordered them to be planted. The result showed
that wheat would thrive well on Mexican soil J.;
and to-day one of the finest wheat valleys IN
the world Is near the Mexican capital, From
Mexico the cereal found its way to Peru. Marie
DEscobar, wife Of Don Diego de Chauves,
carried few grains to Lima, which were
planted, the entire product being used for seed
for several successive crops. At Quito, Ecua-
dor, a monk of the order of St Francis, by the
name of Fray Jodosi Blxi, introduced new
cereal; and it Is said that the jar which con-
tanned the seeds is still preserved by the monks
Ct Quito. Wheat was introduced into the
present limits of the United States contem-
poraneolisly with the settlement Of the cOun-
try by the English and Dutch.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02
Preservation OF Meat M Japan.

The japanese method OF keeping meat fresh
in hot weather is just now attracting good
deal of attention in European circles. 1t con-
sists in placing the raw flesh IN porcelain yes
sells and pouring on it boiling water, whereby
the albumen on the surface Is quickly coagu.
lated and forms protection againt the fur
ther action OF the water Oil is then poured
on the surface of the water so as to prevent the
access of air and consequent putrefaction OF
the meat. The system of protecting animal
substances by securing coagulations OF their
albumcn and the exclusion Of air is Of course
no novelty; and it can hardly be supposed
that We are indebted to the Japanese for its
original adoption But undoubtedly their
method OF applying it is far preferable to that
practised by ourselves in the process of pre-
serving timed meats. which appears to con
sist in boiling them for such length OF time
that almost all their flavor is destroyed and
the ultimate result is mass of tasteless shreds
of muscular fbre.-Shaughai Courier.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02
FARM AND GARDEN.
COrrespontlence.

We shall be glad TO receive, for publication
inthls department, short and pointed commu-
Rications from farmers, gardeners, stock-rals-
ers and others, on any topic of general inter
est to acriculturists, The name and postoflice
address should accompany each letter, not
necessarily for publication but as a guaranty
of good faith. 1t Is our purpose to open this
column to free exchange OF experience and
opinions between its readers.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02
wrongs heaped !


the philanthropel thing 10 WORK morse that mas
Recson can Ign raw by badly fitting collar, In
,,oot onr r,rses that have been comparatively
~ "',o Zig winter to the hard work of the
SPEAK Oh ", the harrow, painful and unsightly
NermliilohSi often caused which, unless cared for
nprove too long standing, permanently
ing the animal. When the abrasion
Aho'he' pears, give the horse a day or two of
gone to Ut is better to do this even if important
upon thes somewhat delayed. Chloride of zinc
at his he'd with fifty parts of water and applied
=, n t,a soft sponge, is "a good astringent, serv.
~ 10 harden and tougher the skin. But after
XII The best way to prevent CALLING Is to have
collar, and every part of the harness touch
him the horse, perfect tit. Keep 1t well oiled
th4id pliable Then inure the horse to hard work
sn(radually and kindly.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

Speaking of late planting, | wish to say to
to the readers Of the Mogozinc that if they wish
a delicious winter cabbage the very best way
have ever found to obtain it is to SOW seed
in July in a cool place; transplant as soon as
ready, and before very hard frost gather the
the Sa adkS heads and store them for winter. Not
~ "" m reite matured they will keep better than
all no WIZ md will be as tender as caulitlow
cars ago lar nuV"n''' .ood In cooking cut the
EXISTS his old nome "e'ld serve them without
he climate OF those isahd, each quarter or eighth
IN earth to that of Paradis. the plate and dress
Father John Becson, al butter, and you have a
.i,i;nn,i,,e in this count Those who grow nothing
,.o,,o nc . calyes that are sown early and
'FeSo" S"'o ,,i,.,. the season know nothing
beesoh' thlr'9 W NJ of a good young cabbage
hereabouts as zea'o 1large their knowledge and
over twenty five yeat as soon as possibe,-Vtck's
and there being a
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

A gentleman at the hotel in NaugatucK,
Conn, had small dog lis master had but to
speak, and whatever evolutions he suggested
the creature would go through Following a
series of tricks and antics, the gentleman says.
It's prayer time, say your prayers" The lit.
tie brute sprang into large Office chair. put
his fore paws upon the arm, laid his head be.
tween them and assumed sauctimonious
squint, rolling up his eyes most udicrously.
Then attempts were made to call him away
from ms devotion: Hewas coaxed, command
ed, cnticed with choice It'd bits of Juicy steak
bat to no avail. He was dea: 10 ali surround.
ings. At last his master sad amen ~ and
the dog jumped down and looked around to
see If meeting was out"
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

IA The burdock is biennial and produces seed
'the second summer, after which the plant dies
Allow them To make full growth, getting
nearly ripe; then cut, gather together before
the seed is dry enough to she'll out In hand
ling and burn. Ifcut before fully developed
cheated nature persistently eXerts herself in
the reproduction of burdocks, throwing out
shoots as often as destroyed and we'll set with
seed until frost ends the struggle; whereas if
allowed to mature the first crop they die east
~. THIS plan, If followed two years, will leave
but few pants-N. J. HerUld
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

STUFFED Eco PLANT.-Cover with cold wa
ter and parboil until tender. Split in two
lengthwise; take out portion of the inside,
leaving the shell whole. Fry half small on.
ion in little butter and when turning yellow
add the inside of the egg plant chopped, a few
bread crumbs, the yelk of an egg and pepper
and salt to taste. Stir and cook for second
or two, then fill the egg plant shells with the
mixture, brush the top with beaten egg, dust
with bread crumbs, make some lncisions in
the top and bake in the oven until nicely
Drowned and tendcr-P,uilfe Farmer.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

SIERRA SNowPIANTs.-The beautiful snow.
plants of the Sierra are objects of untiring in.
terest to tourists, says the Truckee Republican.
Growing, as they do, on the very verge of the
masses of melting snow, their growth marks
the progress Of the sun, hfluence 1t NAV
not be generally known In great banks and
drifts of snow yet reph Ion many of the
higner mountains oycri ing the Truckee
oasln. from the moist eys tover which trick
lcs the snowfed streamlliafom these drifts,
s sprng , se snog ds plants deep red color
as rare curiosities by alb y happen to visit
the mountains We al
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02
The Most ~ onderfui of Calculating boys.

| When Bidder was 10 years old he answered
in twosminutes the following question; What
is the interest for "a 444 for 4,444 days at AZ
per cent per annum. The answer is co, 434
los and sid A few months later, when he
was not yet II years old, he was asked how
| long would cistern one mile cube be filing
if receiving from river 120 gallons per MN
ute without intermission? In two minutes he
gave the correct answer, 1890 years 2S5 days
II hours and Az minutes. year later he di.
vided correctly, in less than a minute, 46S,-
592, 4l2,563 by 9,07G | have tried how long
this takes me with pen and paper; and, after
getting an incorrect result in one and quarter
minutes. went through the sum again, with
correct result (jl,629,S3S and 1915 over1 in
about the same time. At Il years of age he
answered in less than minute the question ::
"lf distance of 934 inches is passed over in
second Of time, how mahy inches will be
passed over i'll 800 days 5 hours, 4S minutes,
55 seconds:" Much more surprising, howev-
er, was hisSuccess, when - years old, in deal.
ing with the question: What is the cube
root OF S91 $3.50, 273 ,914002, 1882" He obtained
the answer in 2 5 minutes-viz 0G3, 531. do
not believe one arlthmeticlan in thousand
would get out this answer correctly, at a first
trial, in less thaa quarter of an hour. But
confess have not tried the experiment feeling,
lHuceu, pcIICclly SatlSncQ tllat should not get
the answer correctly in half dozen trials No
date is given to the following case: THE
question was put by Sir William Herschel, at
Slough, near Windsor, to Master Bidder, and
answered in one minute: Light travels from
the sun to the earth IN eight minutes, and
the sun being $4,000 900 of miles off, (of course
this is quite wrong, but 60 years ago it was
near enough to the accepted vaue,) if light
would take six years and four months travelling
at the same rate from the nearest fixed star,
how far Is that star from the earth. reckoning
800 days and six hours to each year, and %
days to each month"; The correct answer
was quickly given to this pleasing question,
viz, 406353, $40 100000 miles On one occasion
we learn the proposer of a question was not
satisfied with Bidders answer, The boy said
the answer was correct and requested the pro
poser to work his sum over again. During the
operation Bidder said that he felt certain he
was right, for he had worked the question IN
another way; and before the proposer found
that he was wrong and Bidder right the boy
told the company that he had calculated the
question by third method Belgrurio.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

Demorest's Reliable Pattei rs for summer lust
,eiN .. 0sman : .55s.1,...a:.'1 Ca!s.;.t,,,es
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

Guinea fowls arc the most active destroyer
he Colorado beetle, a writer claiming that
guinea hen will protect an acre of pota-
nd Whether or not they possess such sur
go1ag capacity of gizzard, they certainly
hurcl the beetle as well as many other IN
yen,sts. They lay more eggs than any 9th
Il reaitry, and their eggs are unequaled for
nd other culinary purposes.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

% 'a'' Sonle SCOT :.an . "hinn"y or stove
,r; w'nd il used tor taei, put into an old
her and pour hot water upon it, When
!, use it to water your plants every few days
eject upon plant5 is wonderful in produc-
q r.",f growth Of thrifty shoots. with large,
y "'-'s and ~ ~ ~ richit tint
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

rs that have access 10 water at all times
,,rrink often, but little at time and return
1eir feeding. Cows deprived Of sufficient
ply nf water Will fail in milk and flesh !;
when they are allowed TO fail, not only in
k, but in condition ALSO it is impossible to
- them back to their yield of milk and
per condition OF flesn. at least without ex-
Expense and trouble.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02

, ee"nnd heet,sr-sr factory in New Eng.
y eeing bul.; At NoTtalmp.9n Mass,
{ ~ 30 acres of cee!siTe grOWIng ia the
''isod for il 60 Good heets. closely
al yield eoo.,t ~ per cent. # ~ugar,
ivis ;i'ought tha; With lT proved machin.
l. vi IA per ceal may " realized
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1879-08-02
ARITHMETIC MADE EASY
ROPP'5
EASY CALCULATOR

ls new publication that must prove ofnescusbe beai
TO Farmers, Mechanics and Business Men. II lie r1ps
and original to starte the most scholarly and yet
simple and practical that the mvst ksrdte In fgutes
fsdatdne0,sfy become his own accountant II enables
Thousands to accomplish In minute what they could
learn to calculate 10 many months.
The nrs part contans entirely system OF Tabs
which shov g glance the exact value % all Kinds OF
Grain, Stock Hay Coal Lumber. Merchandise, etc. from
pound up load. and tor any price tina. the
ket 70 likely 10 reach the Interest any sum tor time
and 10 cent correct measurement OF all kt1s
Of Lumber, Saw Logs. C.erns, Tanks GrAnaries Bias,
Wagon Beds Corn Cribs, Time Wages and macy othsC
valuable tables.
The Second part prdc,tcqi Arithmetic and embodiss
simple mathematical principle which enables any
familiar with the fundamental rules to Become h0tttnJ
calculator and by which over tno hi OF the figures aaf
labor required by the Ordinary methods and fractions with
their intricscies, entirely droiied.
The work nicely printed ne tinted paper ts veh
and eeg anty bound In pocket book shade and Is accom-
panied by sicate slate memorandum and pocket for
papers II lis by far themost complete. prehensve au
csnye nent pocket manual ever published.
PRICES: Bound In Russia Leather, 8lde3, 500. NC.
rocco. u 50; Fine English Cloth, elW.
Sent to any address on receipt Of price.
OSMAN HAPRMAE.
March 81 1871. Ottawa. us.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21
aTgsTF3REyG.S' .vEtVrs.

LONDON, Feb. 2l.-John Parry, the singer,
end Joha Clarke, the Engish comedian, ere
dead. Tho name CT Mr.. Clarke should not be
COMPOUNDED with that CT Mr.. John s. Clarke,
toe American comedian.
Six inches of soow fell ia London aad III
vicinity last night. Railgay aCd Vehlculsr traf
fc is impedcd. 1t also showed in Paris yes
tcrday.
TIE Continental telegraph wires ore lnter-
ruptcd acd much EASTERN DOGS Is CONSEQUENTLY
delayed.
Four moro failures are ennQurced io day Of
prominent merchants.
COPENHAGEN, Feb. 2l.--h CAUCUS OF the
Radical members Of the Fo!kethcrg hes deter
mined 10 reject the vote for the Princess Thyras
dowry. a dissolution of the chamber Is i'm.
mncnt.
BERLIN. Feb. 2l.-Tha powers have decided
to refer the Dobru6ja boundary question TO the
ambassador ct CoIs!alinorie. The Austrian
government before asserting to this arrange
meut Insisted tia. tho decision Of the majority
must be accepted as final, to wh!cn tho Russian
government agreed.
CALCUTTA, Feb. 2l.-Further Intelligence
from Msndalsy states that great cons:ernalion
prevails there in consequence Of the royal muir
ders. The victims numbered SC. The details
Of tho affair ore said 10 be horrible. British
interference is hoped for by tho people to pre-.
vent further bloodShed.
MELBOURNE. Feb. 2l.-Thc first atonc Of
the building for tho International exhibition
which is 70 opca in 1850, vas laid last Hod
ncsday.
LONDON. Feb. 2l.-Advico5 from Cape Towu
say the British Steam Corvette Boadicea, 1G
guns, has arrived there with eight cases Of small
poX GU board.
Tho Bcrlia correspondent Of the London
Tines says: The Amer OF Aishsais!sn is still
on Afghan territory. Ho is either at khulm
or Tasbkurgun south CT the Ozua.
4 cipher telegram from Cairo received q!
Paris says: The Khcdivo dispeascd at the re-
fusal Of the CabiDet to fulfill the engagements
of tho previous ministry add It's failure to meet
his demands concerning tho civil list, lncltad
the disoaDdcd officers against tho ministers IN
order that the disturbance might lead to hli
resumption OF personal rule,
A Paris dispatch to the London Times says
The discussion of the amnesty bill 10 The Cham
Der of Deputies yesterday was exceedingly
common ptc,.
Prince and Princess Hohcnlohoc held q re-
ceplion ut the German Embassy yesterday.
CAIRO, Feb, 21.-Trarqu' taa been re-
stored here.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21
E9REIGG HTE.ES.

On tho LIST instant two bands Of armed men
landed on the Island of Hsylu, near Port au
Prince, and proclaimed Gen. Morency Benja-
min president. The Eaytien refugees from
Kingston joined the iinsurgent party, and San
Marco and San Miguel wese captured. the in
habitants giving in their adherence. The insur.
gents occupied San Miguel, where an engage.
ment with the government forces. headed by
the President took place. The government
troops lost thirty.fve killed aud eighty.nine
wounded. The loss of the rebels is said to have
far exceeded this. No prisoners were taken,
but ell insurgents caught '.rodhsEded' were
slain. The President had dispatched vessel
for reiniorcements, and when these arrive de-
cisive battle may be expected.
London papers commenting on the Egyptian
crisis consider that the Khediye, even if he did
not eontrivet the demonstration at Cairo, will take
advantage of i'll for attempting to restore his
personal power.
.Hsyti has pensl code in which there is pro.
vision that any libelous matter admitted into 8
newspaper may subject the editor to five years
penal servtude and logging with the CATO
nine tails,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21

keep themselves Informed of the news Of tbc
day, npd aro very DCch Interested 10 hsyo,
that much talked of State debt settled {. sl-,
% possible. Now. perhaps il Z would ,rr.
his attention to that subject he might yet in.
mortalize himself" A few, very few, take Il,
papers and pay for them, while some are sst.
fed With borrowing and reading ct other pen.
pies expense. They arc we'll posted as Tho
following will show: a gentleman Went 1tS
one of the stores not long since aud bought
bill Of goods, ard threw down a twenty doa,
gold piece 10 payment. The merchant waute;
to know what the premium was OF gold, ard
went ell over town next morning tryiog to sd;
the twenty dollar piece for tweDty.opc dollar:
and finally sold it fer twenty dollars 10 green.
backs. Why some Of our citizens would po
know what ne were talking about if We were
to mention the State debt 10 them. Enough
has already been s1id aod written about tho
State debt to disgust such Intelligent people a.
we have, aud as 90 one as yet who has lived il
cur town has immortaIizad themselves do nor
propose 10 try. As | have aIHays done 10 the
past, 50 | shall cndeavor in the future, in
giving tho Gazette any Items Of interest, sl!
copirc myself to facts. p.
ORLEAN, FAUoUGER Co., Va Feb. 10
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21

The arrears Of pensions bill, the Chinese bill
prd the Brazilian subsidy bill, passed at
this session CT tho Uoitod States Senate, arc
sufficient to establish a reputation for that
body as lasting as tic memory Of tho memberS
who compose it shall exist iu the minds of their
unfortunate cou1trymsp, but tho character of
that reputation We suppose is not such as
the friends of those members could desire. The
first Two vera patent exhibitions OF demago'
guism, tho former at tho expense OF deficit in
the revenue, aud the latter at that of severance
ofamioabe relations with nation with which We
were c1rryug on largo and profitable trade,
and tho last as manifest compliance with tho
wishes Of monopoly, to the detriment OF that
iDdiv;dua! enterprise of tho country upon
which the extension of iss commerce, mainly
depends. With su,h legislation is it wonder
that al classes Of people protest against 40 ex-
ira session.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,.
EaIrfnx COuntY Court.

Correspondence Of the Alexandria Gs2eltc, !
FAIRFAX G. H., Feb. Pol make the fo'-
lowing summary Of tn, proceedings of our Fcb
ualy County Ccuh, Judge James Sangst'r
presiding. which adjourned until tho cnnrt in
COURSE. cn Tuesday, the 18th instant
Thirty deeds and ether writings. received in
the clerks Office since lost cOult, were certified
as Ct record.
On the motion Of John Chapman. Lyman
Broughton, administrator q. b. D. Of Wait
BrCughtoD, deceased, was ordered TO render an
account oil bis transactions 50 such before y.
K. MILAN, commissioner ct accou1ta.
On motion of d. l.. Borden, 0na OF her sccurI
ties. the administration Of Ann f.. Jones, al
ministrator Of Ii. $. Jones, was revoked, the
rule 10 show cause entered at G former court
having been returned executed.
Ga g. Ii. Leamcn's motion for new r0ad,
alias summons against land owncrs awarded.
William Ford rs w. B. Oils; carried frorn
JUSTICES court; coutnucd for defendant.
Patrick O'Conncr vs. Peter Bolts; forcibie
deaoeI; jury. and judgment for defendant.
Administration dc hoDis non on the estate Of
VIM. Fl. Footc, deceased, was granted to G. +.
Lee jr
John Landstreet quilted as executor urisr
tho Will OF the late Wn. STluk.
Administration on the estate Of Walter Pow
ell vas granted to Thomas Moore.
Upon the petition Of NJ. 6. Jerman. r. W.
Dorsey and others. allsgiog that the Little
River turnpike which passes through the county
Of Fairfax, is out Of repair, and praying the
court to appoint three d;sinteres.ed persons to
cxanino and report Of The condition Of s,ii
road: Whereupon tie said company by Thoe.
Moore, their attorney, moved the cour, to Dis
miss the notice in this case, which motion IL
oVerruled by the court, to which ruling OF The
court tho said company prayed an appeal as
matter Of right; Thomas Moore security for
costs. 10 this case there were about 125 pc
titiouers in favor Of throwing the gates on th,
road open, while there were 265 praying that
the road might remain under its present mau
agemen.. 10 this question Alexandra is deep
ly interested, while every tax payer in the
county Of Farfax is also for throw open oil the
gates at once. and cut off the revenues or The
company must devolVe the burden Of working
the road, keeping the culvcrts and bridges 10
repair on the county now over taxed.
John Middleton is released f;on paying CAPT
taton tax in future on account ct bodily lnhr-
nifty.
Com. rs. John Il. Wells; fer assault; jary
not able to agree; verde. by consent tor COSTS
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21
Arrival of Chas. w. Angel.

PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 2l.--The bark Shooting
Star, from Lisbon for Philadelphia, which ar
rived off the cspes last night, bringing Charles
w. Angel, tho defaulting secretary of the Pull
man Palace Car Company, moved up the river
this morning, and it is expected that the pris'
oner will be in custody of the city police before
night
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21
CHASING A TRAIN.-rhe $3.50 south bound

CHASING A TRAIN.-The $3.50 south bound
train reached here half an hour behind time
this morning, and when it pulled out from the
depot one Of its passengers was left behind.
Iostead of taking the matter calmly and phio
sophically, this bslatcd passenger started down
The track after the trsiu. From King street
to West he fairly let himself out, and tho
Judges decided the time about the shortest
ever made between those two points. a
brakeman saw him coming and rang the bell,
but the engineer was in hurry and couldn't
wait, and ss the exhausted runner came to a
stop by the Harlan and HolIingsworth Com
psny s Office. he was ready to bet $40 that
there was not man in Wilmington who could
catch that traln.- Wilmington Erery Evening.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-02-21
I,FRGTJrE.a ,NEHrS.

The Court of Appeals, at Richmond. ed.
ourred 90 Monday to meet on the 5th of
March. Judge Staples has returned to his
homo in Christiarsburg Judge Busks to his
homo 10 Liberty, and Judge Moncure to Stat
ford. Tho other judges are in Richmond.
At s meeting of readjusters of Stafford ooun.
ty on Wednesday there was considerable ex-
element and bolt. The Fredericksburg News
says that "a large majority Of tie people of
Stafford favor prompt settenest OF the debt
question upon the best terms obtainable.'