The New York herald., 1879-11-06

/
.hat the continuous revolutions imposed on Spain.
the example of ali the American states. and espe-
caliy that OIL your country; the books, the studies
the voyages, the communications, daily more fire.
quent and more rapid; the prosperity the increase
| OF riches, Drought ut last other ideas, opened
\ other Piahs Tor the aspirations of the Gu
bans. Then many thought that only by u-
they obtain what they justly desired. and
formerly the independents numerically few
later they were many and included persons of in
strucion and OF position
THE CURSE SLAVERY.
The cancer of slavery. even though in truth it
NAL possessions of other European nations, pro-
duccd naturally all its consequences-the immo-
rality the Iaxty of the social and domestic habits
the Iaziness the cruelty in the customs and all the
contiguous Ills that wrested ono day from the
breast of of the most distinguished Cuban
Sweet Cuba in your bosom warm
The highss. ves with Lowest TOR ro control
Abhorrout in the world of soul
Slavery was the origin of new political party
of a new idea of what the Spaniards here called hli-
busterism, and the wish to save themselves
of your country and of the American flag by annex
alton to the United States Slavery produced annex
atlonism. The Monroe doctrine-the plans of the
South to augment the number of the slave States
gave color to the idea, calculating on the protection
and support OF the government and of the
American public. Our Spaniards proprietors of
slaves. entered these paths. fearing that Spain.
weak and contaminated with modern IDEAS would
Weld at last to the exaetons of England and put an
end to slavery. There were plots and risngs; *
pedtions came from your country to assist those in
revolt here and all were conquered by the Spanish
government in IL sanguinary manner, causing the
weight of her ire to be felt by refinement of des-
potism and the arbitrary manner oil her administers
ton.
DECEPTIVE HOPES
The annexation idea lost ground daily until the
victory OF the North over tne south; the prepon-
derance of the irst and the abolition OF slavery put
an end to it entirely. there being very who
have such hopes. But the idea Of reform and of
separation continued augmentine the partisans of
the former when the government seemed disposed
to favor reforms, and those of the latter when
it seemed to retire from this path. During the gov
ernorship of Generals Serrano and Dulce there
respite. The tolerant and benign system of poll
tics Of these generals. the pretence of considering
Cuba that came from Spain. pacited the separation
lists and gave much strength to the reformst party.
The latter thought their time had arrived when
Canovas del Castillo, Minister of the Colonies advised
Queen Isabella to establish i'll Madrid u court of
| quiry in which the representatives of Cuba and
| Porto Rico, and notable persons with u knowledge
OF these countries named by the government, should
| be heard. In the election made by the municipali-
ties the island the battle between the part-
OF reform and their opponents noting as always
that generally the former were of this country and
| the latter were Spaniards. Some errors COM
mitted this occasion by General Duce. which
made the Cubans suspect tnat the government did
not act entirely in good faith. The appointments
afterward made by the Minister of the Colonies were
persons the most OF whom were little addicted to
| the idea OF reform.
| AN ABonTIvE CONFERENCE.
When the Deputies were assembled in Madrid Senior
Castro, and not Canovas del Castillo, Minister
OF the Colonies, man of retrograde ideas. OF the
appointed, however, as President, Senor Olivan, an
| old liberal who knew much OF Cuba where he had
| lived many years when banished for his political
| ideas by Ferdinand VII Olivan u man
| very formal OK severe habits, much knowi-
| edge, especially of literature and agriculture;
| refined elegant, agreeable and nsinuatug manners,
| and of rare prudence and sa9acity. The selection
could not have been better made. In the conferences.
| which lasted many months, much tolerance pre-
| vailed on the part OF the representatives of the
| government. Liberty OF discussion enjoyed,
mutual consideration was the rule but little una
| nj init
debates. Although all agreed on the necessity and
| convenience of establishing reforms the anti
reforInists proposed such were politically micro
| scopic, determined nothing regarding slavery and
attempted little radical rs regarded finance The
/ without clear decided ideas in politics,
| timid as to slavery. but radical. although OF
Notwithstanding these actual shortcomings. all
seemed to indicate that the moment had arrived
in which the former regime; the colonial despot-
her affairs in her own future destiny. all the
Deputies OF opinion that Cuba ought to have a
legal. constitutional government and the right to
name Deputies to the Spanish Congress. where only
could be legislated what really patriotic regard
ing Cuba well what concerned the rest OF Spain.
But while the Deputies still continued to meet. Min
lister Castro began to legislate by DEGREES. taking
what suited him of what was recommended by the
conference unmindful of the most essential, and
showing how little inclination the Spanish govern
had accepting at once the necessity OF radical
aud complete reform Of the political regime OF this
island. and last discovery soon came Of the
trick by which they were deceived and their hopes
the government and still more energetically pro-
| tested all in Cuba who detested the Spanish sys-
TEN. and those who were satisfied to have reforms.
! and did not wish anything without Spain, though
| they wished to have Spain with liberty.
| THE INDEPENDENTS RISE IN REVOLT.
The arrival of Captain General Lcrsundi, fatuous,
| tickle. agreeably pleased with himself. little en-
lightened OF no instruction, chdPptigorri peasant
who wears a red bonneu exalted to the rank of gem
era for daring valor and the protection of Narvaez.
the favor of the Queen mother and for the narrow
OF his political opinions. which were in no way
tbarn1 ha IN nf Gar
| rano; he not suited for his high position,
| he had bad antecedents here having previously
governed for few months in Cuba. and shown a
partiaty for the Span n snti-reformist party. The
| appointment was unfortunate. 1t was challenge
and without pretext or excuse It was the .Lasciae
ogni sperdasd roi Chi intrdtei" Of Dante placed
by an imprudent Minister over the gate of this
hell of tyranny without true tyrants. of despotism
without the despot of parade OF without force
of standing. threats which could not be carried out
Whore some small politicians. with still smaller
policy were dragged on by miserable personal
interest. guided by traditions without application
blind to the light. dumb amid din and clamor !
The reformist party, il it did not sink and dsap-
pear, lost all authority and inhuence that of the n
dependents received new force. and it became for
mdable. Nothing could fepress IL, and, as always
happens in revolutionary times, the tail governed
the head. The more ardent, the most impatient,
nothing to lose. the ambitious. deaf
to the advice of the prudent. of the
rushed to the camp. The broke out and the re-
formers were either dragged onward by their own
impelled by the Spanish party. which saw an
enemy in every who did not think they did,
or hid themselves and disappeared; there only
independents militants abordats ndifferents and
runaways. Within these classes since then lived tho
former liberal Cuban parties till the eni of the
PROGRESS OF THE CUBAN STRUGGLE
This revolutionary movement coincided with the
revolution in Spain that put end for tho moment
| to tho reign of the house Of Bourbon and gave
| power to more eminent men. the liberals of Spain
real vertigo OF liberty passed that country.
| 1t seemed as IL 1t came from the tomb. that
it enclosed the corpse Of Austrian and
| bourbon Spain--a era, in which shone
| the light by which Franklin enlightened the world.
| The men in power sent the decrepit General
Dulce. who should have brought good hopes to the
| Cuban liberals and whose sympathies were thought
| to DO everlasting. alone and without a soldier
with his hands full of liberties for Cuba.
| But IL was too late; he decrecd liberties and
promised reforms to a people OF whom some re-
FUSED them entirely and others considered them in
sufficient. Days previously had sounded the fatal
hour for the blind governors, when was called
out, "Nowi nowi Tomorrow twill be too late u
Spain could have avoided tho had she shown
herself strong and not arrogant: repressing IL by
| y a n for