The comet. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1877-1882, 1879-08-09

oa,ed To be president pro ~htpoIo VI wv
SSonoto should himself exercise the power
80 determining all questions arising IN inc
oaunt This threat, backed up ny rresi-
Ja,,t GRANT with n show of bringing troops
w Wssh;npton and sending iron'ciaus 70 l
New York. was successful IN acoonpiis s .,s
the swindle by the indirect methou ~
eight to seven commission ~ hvoao h;oh
gift of prophecy to toll that parry WIZ od l
was ready to disregard the oohs''t .s'o rosuIt
nil precodents in ascertainlnR Ino .o
of Presidential election Ill low ~
resort to any measure, however unJ"1 1850
violent, to win second Victoiy n ,,a,ars
The army had been used to terror'No soSoa'
at the South and to pack ana aispolso 90
islatures Why would It not 10 useu as" n
IL the law permitting this use teiha'H
the statute-books2 Supervisors anu ma "
shals had been appointed by inc . ~" Iarae
o;,;as made M chiefly of bummers, ana
maid ont of the public Treasury, hVe aoi-
ars a dav many of them ten days az
atretch to force the election OF Repupnoan
n,embers of Congress against the VIII OF
tho neonle. Hundreds of men in the Soutn
had been indicted for alleged interference
with superyisors and marshais, ana were
being tried under q law for empahnehne
;nries which packed them with partisahs
nre. determined to oonvict-makin8 INC
~, triol an odious and shameful mocKery
Of ;ustice Was it right to leave TINS parry
with the lawful authority to spend milllons
Of the people's money in hiring pui,les W
threaten. arrest and imprison state electors
and State Judges and clerks OF electohss
We determined to make the issue on tnese
laws now, in the year preceding the grea1
contest in which we feared they wouiu 10
ennloved to thwart the will OF the peopie.
me result of the struggle, so far, Is the
total reneal of the odious system OF pace.
mo iuries the prohibition OF the payment
nten1nnev 70 send or maintain troops az tne
no,is and the Withholding of appropriations
tf or Taos of marshals until Congress can see
,shot the fees are to be paid for. We nave
onneaIed from the Presidedt to the people.
Ynn have to decide the controversy II you
,,on+ N nav hundreds of thousands OF DOL
lors each congressional election, to nave
havonets around the polls, and marsnals
on2 snies to inspect and control state cleo
t.,n 1ficers, vote the Republican tIcket,
for the Democracy will meyer spend DOL
lar for that service. .. H..
Won all know, fellow-citizens, that we
have in the United States form OF govern
ment hitherto unknown among men. ~ ID
,1ortIv the result of the fact that the tnir-
tenn colonies were each separate organlAa-
tions of Government under distinct onar-
tars and that they confederated as states
and declared their Independence, Gaining
themselves the United States OF Amerlca.
} Several years after their independents was
achieved Constitution was adopted WINCH
created central government Win .certain
mowers therein set forth, which oons'i'u-
ton provides as follows; ,
"The powers not delegated to the Unitea
States bv the Constitution, nor prohlDlteo
J bv it to the States, are reserved 70 'ne
States respectively or to the people
, These reserved powers are the great mass
l u the powers of government you arc
, protected in almost all your rlghts OF per
! son and property by the State sovereignty
t alone Our whole code OF laws uehninS
the RIGHTS of persons and property, and
,nrovdinp remedies and punishments Tor
V lrrones, Which make up the very body OF
onr civilization, is adopted or created ana
/. cnfo,cad by the States and not by the
, General Government Outside OF the
k econe of this State sovereignty lie the
4 nowers specially delegated to the other SOW
k ereipn--the whole people of the United States
e onoratino through the General Govern
V ,nant These two sovereigns, the Republc
t and the State, have distributed between
!. them bv the degree of partition, the Con
i stitution of the United States, all OF the
Il powers regarded by the people as safe TO %
}. entrusted to any government. Now, o.
h the Constitution of the United States, tne
t. whole power to provide for and regulate
1t elections of members of Congress was ler
10 with the respective States; but for fear any
o of them might fail altogether to provide tol
" such elections, Congress was given power u
J. itself by law, provide for them. Ii Ohl'
10 should refuse to pass law to elect member
If of Congress the United States might pas
% such law. provide for the times, places, an
Of manner of holding such elections and the aI'
re nointment of all the election officers. Bu
ia none of the States ever did refuse or fall .
It. mass such laws; and from the foundation o
* our government down until 1871, the cleo
10 tions were conducted without any interior
Is ence whatever from Federal otncers.
x 1871 the Republicans enacted this Fedora
ut election law. 1t did not pretend to repeal
ce alter or amend any of the State laws pro
r yiding for the appointment OF State omcer
10 to conduct these elections or prescrlpln
ty their duties, but it gave the Federal oourl
le and marshals the power to appoint super
H. visors and deputies, to inspect ana airec
n, the action of the State officers IN the per
cd Torrance of their duties under state cleo
at ton laws. From the very nature OF GU
Recommendation the separate characte
IS and powers of the general and the Stat
Of government it is just as unconstltutlona
IN to subject State officers, while pertormln
st duties under valid State laws, to the super
to vision or control of Federal otncers, AZ
be is to subject Federal officers to the supel
an vision or control of State officers. Thf
of sort of interference is organized anarchy
ty IL submitted to in respect of this subJet
CO by the States, there are no duties whlc
On State officers are called on to perform whlc
o the Federal Government may not supel
mt wise and control Mr.. Foster says thu
a. othe great question is whether the State {
,al the Nation is supreme" say the gres
on question is whether the State or the Repul
he lie and the State are coordinate agencies
at government, each supreme in its sphere
lat defined by the Federal Constitution;
ed whether the State can exercise no power
an of government not subject to Feder'
W, supervision and control. This assumpto
on of sole supreme power for the Federal GoN
eff, eminent illustrates the fact that the pendr
Dat lum is swinging from the extreme OF seces
Lys sion, on the one side, to an equally danger
for GUS extreme of consolidation on the othel
B, Secession held that the Union might be d
ne vided whenever any State believed that th
Use Constitution had been violated. On tht
led theory the Republic was but rope of sane
BILE Consolidation demands that the FederI
say Government shall exercise all powers whic
Tor the dominant party may think expedien
i've On that theory oil the boundaries of Fed
go raj power SO carefully marked by our fore
ese fathers will be obliterated, and we sha
,g, have one great imperial government I
The which the States will have the same rel
the tions that the counties and townships no
csc have to the States. Secession would hay
the broken up the Union in to petty, but fire
Is republics; consolidation would swallow u
to the States, and sink liberty in an empire
Jus Fellow-citizens,I was not brought up in IL