Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-02-05

aTe culcny dried cream washes the butter
putting in the water when the butter is il
PARTICLES rs large rs 4 walnut, and WASHES
in two waters; salts an ounce to the
pound; packs directly from the churning
in spruce tubs which have been soaked
never less than a week. Would have
his cows go dry not less than two months
Frof. Atwater was next called on, who
continued the discussion of Fertilizers
giving his attention to commercial fertil
lzers, showing the results of many expert
ments made by the farmers the past sea
son in the use of them, and enumeratine
the various sources of supply of the sew
cral different fertilizing ingredients.
AT WEST RANDOLPH
The second day of the Randolph meet.
ing was held in Dubois & Gays fine hal
at the West Village, and full meeting
was opened at the morning session.
After the announcing of the programme
by the superintendent, and giving some
account of the method of the work in
these meetings. and the importance of i'm.
proved methods of farming, and especially
in the dairy, which is perhaps the most
important in the state, Prof Atwater gave
a talk on feeding stock.
The best rations for feeding was IN i'm
portant thing to find out; and to make
good butter it was necessary 20 know what
good butter is made of. He described the
composition of different foods for cattle,
and their value for tie different purposes
OF making muscle, flesh, fat. milk, butter,
etc, which value is chiefly due to album,
noidS, carbohydrates and fats. lie spoke
of the very costly experiments made IN
Germany, which he said cost us much as
the seeds which our government bought
Tor congressman to send ont to the people
to make them vote for them. daughter. }
After Il bountiful lunch furnished by the
ladies,
THE AFTERNOON SESSION
was called to order at Ids, and President
Buckham addressed the meeting on the
Education of Farmers" Where he has
spoken Of the education of farmers, some
one jumps 10 his feet and asks in public,
or nudgcs his neighbor and asks in private,
" Are farmers such stupid class that you
need to talk so much of their need of ed
ucailon?' Not so; he believed them to be
the most intelligent of those tiling the
soil, except, perhaps, the Scotch, who, he
thought, more appreciated the value of a
higher education than those of New Eng
land. The Vermont farmer does not fully
believe In the higher education, which
he made with considerable re
Iuctance, but this statement would not
reach those who needed it, for they did
not attend such meetings us this; only the
more intelligent of farmers. There was
one fact he had learned in his connection
with the college. More than half of the
scholarships We're given to those who
would say their parents would not help
hem, though abundantly able to do so,
and related instances of this kind from his
experience. " What is an educated manpn
Much as he had thought of it, it was
question which made it necessary to stop
l moment and think before answering it.
1t was not necessarily Il man who had
been through college, for one might get
through college and not be so, but they
were trying more and more every wear to
make it more difficult, and many men
who had not been to college were educated
men, but they were generally aware of
how much harder had been their work in
it than it would have been with
better facilities. He believed in an edu-
cation which would fit the man for the
duties of his calling, and more He did
not know rs he could find u better delini-
non than that given by Milton, 50 long
ago: lie may be called an educated
man who is fitted to perform Justly, skill
FULLY, magnanimously, all his duties, pub
lie and private, in peace and war" and
The farmer was educated who was fitted to
I'LL well all the positions to which he was
liable to be called.
HE farmer had many places to fill;
rs capitalist, us he owned his farm
and stock; Us n aborer, for he must work
his soil, and related an instance where a
man started at age With II hundred dol
lars, and died with fine farm OF 500
acres, and $ 1000 in United States bonds,
yet he was not II thoroughly educated
man, but he, as II trader, had bought
cheap and sold high
1t is certain that as yet science has
done very little for agriculture, but agri-
culture has arrived at the point where the
ald OF science must be had, and unless we
help agricultural chemistry, agricultural
chemistry will not help us. Tho same is
true Of other branches Of science. The
farmer must furnish the scientist with
facts us starting points. There was u
science which bore upon every branch of
farming. The farmer applies the princi-
pies Of Il score of sciences. 1t is Il hopeful
sign that farmers We're inqurinr how
they can best learn something of chemis.
try or of insects, and he was receiving
letters making such inquiries. He should
be sorry to think that any parent would be
Jealous Of his child, fearing he would
know more than his father. lie hoped
the next generation would be wiser and
better than this. (Applause.) He spoke
OF lHe education, more than half of all,
which WAS necessary to make the man,
beside that which fitted him for his call
ing, rs the man is better than his calling
can possibly be.
Following President Buckham. Prof.
Perkins gave his talk on " Injurious In
sects, which we have before printed.
After frot. Perkins, j. w. Sinborn, SUI
perntendent of college farm ut Hanover,
was introduced who spoke of " How to
get out OF the ruts or improved methods. )"
lie wanted larger crops on the same area
and larger areas under cultivation. In
England fifty per cent of the land was
under cultivation, while in our own coun
try not more than twenty per cent. Cul.
tlvatlon is fertilization, and the soil of
New England is not cultivated enough
though 1t was not enough fertiIized. He
would keep pigs, which he believed fur.
nlShed Fertilizers at the cheapest rate, ex.
cept' perhaps, sheep and poultry
ile,neXt gavesthc results of fleeing pigs,
and last year at the price of grain he could
RAISE his pigs at five cents per pound and
sold them little more, and this year with
corn at $50 per ton, be could raise pork at
four cents and sell at Il little more. To
make high feeding profitable. wcll-bred
animals must be kept, and the greatest
profit would be found in feeding Young
stock In the first forty days of feeding
me young pigs, it required nine pounds of
SKIM milk to make one pound growth, in
the second forty days it took eleven
pounds, the third forty days it took fifteen
pounds. In feeding for greatest nroiit
the most profitable feed should be used.
In feeding middlings about twenty per
cent more growth will be made than if
ted with corn meal, and Il ton of mid.
d'ng7 will leave Sl3 worth of manurial