davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-10-24

Tho undersigned desires 10 express his thanks
to his friends for their patronage TO the leto firm
OF VIM. f. johnson s. Co., and he hopes that
they will continue the same 10 Mr.. JOHN T.
HAMMOND, who will continue the business
Tor himself under tho sama name snd st the same
place. w. 4. JOHNSON.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1879-10-24

Theundersiened will continue .heGROCERY,
LIQUOR AND COMM SSION BUSINESS.
under tho firm nsmG of w. =. JOHNSON IL
CO.. at the same place. and no solcits tho pat
ronsgo of the friends of Tho late firm of WIn. 4.
johnson 81 Co., and tho pu5lic generally.
oct 70 JNO r. HAMMOND
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
THE FARMERS CREED.

We believe in small farms and thorough
cultivation.
That the soil loves to eat as well as the
owner, and ought, therefore, to be well
MANFRED.
In going to the bottom of things, and,
therefore, in deep blowing and enough of
it. All the better if it be a sub-soil pillow.
In large crops, which leave land better
than they found it, making both the farm
and tanner rich at once.
That every farm should own good
farmer.
That the best fertilizer of any soil is a
spirit of industry, enterprise and intelli-
gence-without these, lime, gypsum and
guano will be of little USE
In good fences, good farm houses, good
orchards, and children enough to gather
the fruit.
In clean kitchen, neat wife in it, a
clean cupboard, clean dairy, and clear
conscience.
That to ask mans advice is not stoop-
ing, but of much benefit.
That to keep place for everything and
everything in its place, saves many step,
and is pretty sure to lead to good tools
and to keep them in order
That kindess to stock, like good shelter,
is a saving of fodder.
That it is good thing to keep an eye on
experiments, and note all-good and bad.
That it is good rule to sell your grain
when it is ready.
That it is good thing to grow into
farming, and not jump into it.
That all Of farming is summed up in the
manure heap on the farm.
In enriching the soil according to its
wants.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
IN THE ORCHARD.

Watch for insect pests. If the trees are
invested with bark lice, take them at
the time the young are moving forward
and kill them with a wash of strong soap
suds, in which little carbolic acid is mix
ed. When canker- worms are infesting
the the trees, syringe thoroughly with
London purple and water. Set traps for
codling moths, or use hay bands about the
limbs of the trees.
Look for the first appearance of tent cat
erpillars early in the morning and late in
the evening, when they are clustered in
their nests. After they get size they are not
so gregarious. Have an old broom along,
fastened to suitable pole; with this the
worms and web may be easily taken away.
Kill them in any manner that may sug
gest itself Beating on hard ground is
pretty effectual. Do not scrape trees be-
cause the bark is rough. Many people
keep their trees scraped down to the
quick, They think it looks nice. 1t is
wrong; the bark is for protection. If the
trunk is messy, it shows the tree is not
doing we'll, and that it wants fertilizing.
Scrape the old scales away in this instance,
wash with very strong soapsuds, and
cultivate and manure the orchard. So if
insects have found Judgment in the
rough bark, sciape it away so that the
trunks may be easily washed. Do not
scrape to the qucik; the bark is the skin
of the tree and should not be wounded
A light scraping is good, but moss shows
that the soil is too wet and probably poor
Underdrainage and manuring will help
this.
In going over your orchard, keep an
eye out for bad shaped heads and abrading
limbs. When you do find them, prune
Do not wait for the regular season. There
should be none such in well regulated
orchard. Let your pruning be as light a;
possible. The more top, the more root
and in the West thick head is not OBJ
jectionable. In fact, the thicker the better
so all parts of the tree get fair amount
of light. There is, as a rule, more damage
done by injudicious pruning than by nj
pruning at all-Praiyie Farmer.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
BRICK POMEROY

We have been asked by one of the most
intelligent and worthy farmers of Nilsson
ri what we think of Brick Pomeroy. Un-
der ordinary circumstances we should re-
ply, if at all, by private letter, but as Mr.
+. assumes to be the leader of political
faction, and therefore subject to public
scrutiny, we will answer through the col
umns of the Journal
We are acquainted with no fact in the
history of Mr.. P. that would lead us to
confide in him as safe and judicious
leader. On the contrary it appears to us,
from all we have been able to learn of his
character, that his very nature leads him
to attempt the ruin of any cause he can
not rule.
The impotence of his style, the rashness
of his language, and the impracticability
of his propositions, would at once acquit
him before any competent jury of any
knowledge of political economy or fnan-
cial science. His ambition and egotism
are so inordinate, that he is left entirely
without ballast, and drifts before his own
passions with but a small following. His
following can never become large, for
comparatively few persons will adhere to
leader whose selfishness is SO great.
Anything that does not center in him will
meet his bitter opposition. This consti-
tutes him marplot in every relation of
life
What influence he has may be traced to
his descriptive writings and the use of pa
thos, in which he is not without power.
Should he confine his labors to that class
of writing wherein his powers of descrip-
tion-the imaginative and sentimental
would be untrammeled by questions of
practical vitality, there could be little
doubt of his pre-eminent success. In that
field he has a genius, which, unfortunate
lY, he frequently buries out of sight in a
vain attempt to become a political leader.
Men of his temperament have not the pa
tience to become statesmen. They gene
rally become fnIudicious friends (worse
than enemies) to any cause they may es-
pouse The fruits of his life will be was
ted for having mistaken his calling
journal of Agriculture.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
NARROWING LAND.

OF all the implements used on the farm
there is but one, the plow, that is as nee
essary to good cultivation as the harrow,
and, as general thing, there is none that
there is so little account made of by far
mers. Good blowing is of the greatest
importance ir preparing the soil for any
crop, but it is well known fact that there
is too little good blowing done in the
West, and, after poor job of blowing has
been done, great deal depends on our
being thorough with the harrow. This,
also, we are little negligent about, espe-
cially in preparing the land for corn. Oui
best planters do good work where the
land is smooth and well pulverized, but
we cannot expect them to do good work
where the ground is in bad condition. In
my opinion, the principal points of i'm
provement made in the harrows is in the
greater number of teeth now used. This,
more than any other one thing is essen
tial, as the object is to work the surface.
Most harrows in use have about forty
teeth, but that is not enough. My way is,
to have the frame made of small size scant-
ling, and teeth not over a inches, and not
less than sixty of them. We do not expect
to work deep, and consequently heavy
frame and few teeth will not pulverize as
well as a lighter frame and more teeth,
while the draft is about the same. have
been using one made in three sections of
2x23 inch stuff, four bars in section, with
II adjustable steel teeth, By Adjustable, /
mean that when the draft bar is attached
to one end, the teeth stand perpendicular,
and, having great number of them, il
does much better work than the old Scotch
harrow. BY attaching the draft of the
other end, the points of teeth drop back
four inches and make it first-class
smoothing harrow. This harrow retails
at $40. A big price compared with the
old-fashion forty-tooth affair, but cheap
when the working value of each is taken
into consideration. | speak of this one Of
mine as an illustration, knowing that it Is
good tool; perhaps other makers have
as good or better ones than this.
+ Another fact is, we do not harrow oul
ground enough. Who ever heard far
mer say he had got his ground too fine
and smooth? And how often do we think
we ought to lay out more work in putting
| in our crops? I would never buy har
row that had less than sixty or seventy
steel teeth, and one that has not a simple
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
CONCENTRATED FOODS.

Concentrated food for cattle may now
be purchased in the market at moderate
prices. For many years past the large
amoIhtt of cotton seed yearly produced has
beedeEither in great part wasted, or has
been sent abroad to enrich the farms of
our foreign rivals. An entire cargo of 900
tons of cotton-seed meal left our shores
recently, and the shipment of smaller
quantities is OF. daily occurrence. We have
use at homo for every ton of this meal,
which can be procured now at a price
very little more than that of corn meal or
bran. AT this price it is very cheap food,
and we'll worth attention for its value in
enriching the manure Palm-nut meal is
another rich concentrated food. especially
for fattening animals, and for cows kept
for butter A sample recently tested gave
II per cent of fat, and in feeding it the
cream was notably increased in quantity
AS in the case of all concentrated articles,
these foods should be used with Caution
ind at first only small rations should be
given, one pound at feed, for instance
gradually increasing up to the safe limit
Of two quarts sforsa~eow~ and -four to siS
quarts for a fattening animal. When
mixed with corn meal or bran, it shoule
be in the proportioa of one eighth to one
fourth. It win be found economical, wher
prices are low, to stimulate production II
an intelligent manner, reducing the COS
of the product and charging the demant
by supplying it at reasonable rates, and t
this end there is hardly a better way thar
by using cheap concentrated food IN judi
cious proportions.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
John L. Fly, Gibson Station.
II. II. Norman, MurfreesbOro.
s'THE PATRON OF HUSBANDRY"

L III Ia NUN VI u ODDANDh 1
ADOPTED BY THE STATE GRANGE
q OF MISSISSIPPI AS IT'S OFFICIAL
a JOURNAL, DEC. II, 1873
The Special committee on the Grange
Press made the following report: ..
q Your committee on that portion of the Mas
ters Address referring to the Grange Press, have
pad the same under consideration, and heartily
approve the suggestions therein contained, and
Especially do they approve all that he says in
fermentation of 1.-THE PATRON OF HUSBAND
BY" published at Columbus, in our State, as a
JOnrnal earnest and Jealous in our cause, and ev
cry way worthy of the support and should be in
the hands of every Patron in Mississippi and the
entire Southwest; therefore, we would offer the
following resolutions and ask their adoption:
Resolved, That THE PATRON OF HUSBAND
BY" published at Columbus by Bro. w. H. Wor-
Ellington, be adopted as the official organ of this
State Grange
Resolved, That the Master, Secretary. Execu-
give Committee, etc, publish all official orders,
circulars, etc, in THE PATRON, and that the Off
fers of the State Grange contribute regularly to
ts editorial columns.
4 Resolved. That the State Oranges of Florida,
alabama, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana and
Texas be requested to take similar action and each
otate Grange conduct department in said Jour
bal.
Resolved, That this State Grange earnestly
appeals to the more active members of the Ordef
IN the above States to aid in extending the circu-
4ation of THE PATRON as an important means
pf building up and Perpetuating the Order,
b 3. B B. f hIIn, Committee.
Report adopted unanimously.
w. L. WILLIAMS,
Secretary State Grange.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
THE BEST FARMER.

There are still some among the masses
of our farmer friends who cling to the
idea that the most perfect farming consists
only in aptness of labor and strength of
muscle; that skill in the use of implements
and the amount of labor man is able to
perform in a given time, is an evideace of
superior farming. That idea is at variance
with good philosophy. The reply once
made to the question, "Who is the most
perfect sailorT illustrates the point. Jack
Tar, before the mast spices rope, steers
the ship, or rows boat with perfect SKILL
Precipitated into the sea, he rides without
fear and is saved, where a landsman would
be lost. Swaying to and fro on the yard
arm in a tempest, he reefs the sails with
imperturbable GOODNESS, and braves dan
ger in many forms with composure where
a novice would perish. Yet he is far from
a perfect sailor. Other men are patiently
working in the national observatories of
London and Washington, preparing the
nautical almanac. Maps and charts-in-
dicating shoals and reefs and coasts, and
indicating laws governing the winds and
currents,-are prepared with great study
and care. BY these aids and appliances
which science has evolved, the mariner
can readily reckon almost the precise spot
on the ocean his vessel occupies. But the
scientific scholar whose research has rem
dered all this possible, is not an efficient
mariner. The man who represents the
perfect sailor is he who -unites the highest
practical aptness and skill in working his
ship with the comprehension that enables
him to use all the deductions of nautical
science. 1t is union of skill and scien-
ti6c knowledge that makes him master
of his calling. The application suggests
itself. In farming the highest and most
extensive knowledge of all known natural
laws pertaining to this great pursuit, COM
bined with eminent skill, energy, indus
and economy, makes the most perfect far
mer.
The evidences are constantly multiply
/ ing that farmers are coming to understand
this important fact. Agriculture as a sci
ence is coming to the fore with long
strides. It is the science of the future, fol
there is not within the scope of mans OBJ
j jects and pursuits any calling that demand.
more of science for its successful prosecu
ton. In every department of rural econ
omy science stands at the threshold ant
invites an investigation of the processe
by which the highest success is attained
and he who gains and-employs the mos
knowledge of his pursuit, IN any brancl
! of rural industry, will realize the flares
4 reward for his labor.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
GRANGE DIRECTORY, 1870.

hFFICERS OF ARKANSAS STATE GRANGE.
MASTER. S. Williams, Prairie county.
Dyerseer-E. P. Chandler, Dallas.
4 ,ecturer-C. E. Cunningham, Pulaski.
Steward--C. E. Tobey, Atkins.
Assistant Steward-W. W. Pace, 0uachita.
Chaplain--J. NJ. Steele, Poinsett.
secretary-J. V. Scott, Miller.
sTreasurer-R. C. Wall, Pulaski.
Gate Keeper-G. II. Thompson, Calhoun.
Ceres-Mrs. j. S. Williams, Prairie.
Pomona-Mrs. W. C. Wall, Pulaski.
5Flora-Nrs Ella d. COffman, Sharpe.
Lady Assistant Steward-Mrs. Mary E. Pace.
IS Executive Committee-J. S. Williams, Prairie; c..
s. Tobey, Atkins; c. E. Cunningham, Pulaski /;
'homas Orr, Miller; j. V. Scott, Miller.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
and reliable arrangement for drafts n.
IN Western Farmer
HOW TO CONDUCT COUNTY
y. FAIRS

At late meeting of the Lucas county,
Ohio, Horticultural Society, the above
subject came up for discussion, and brought
out the following remarks from members,
as reported in the Practical Farmer:
8 Mr.. Rowe would Danish all intoxica.
ting liquors from the grounds and vicini.
ty. Capt. Norton thought that to make
fair successful all must be in Interested
therein. He would offer inducements. to
all to come and exhibit the products of
their industry and skill, that they might
teach and be taught He considered Ii
quor the prime cause Of nearly all the dis
iturbances at fairs. Would not exclude
horse-racing, as there was universal de-
sire to see good horses and to see them
move, 'dsut he would not make it para.
mount to everything else, as is too often
done. Mr.. S. S. Ketcham said the Lucas
County Fair allowed no liquor on or near
the grounds, but the Tri-State Board had
permitted it, and conducted the fair, gen.
orally in the interest of the city, and had
''run too much horse" to the neglect of
agricultural, horticultural, and mechrnical-
interests. Thought the system of herd
premiums had proven to be a failure. The
President would Danish liquor from the
grounds, and for two thousand instead of
two miles from it, in every direction, if
possible. He hoped to see the time when
the people would manifest more interest
in good variety of potatoes than in
horse trot, though he did not object to the
latter, if kept under proper restrictions.
Mr. S. w. Carr objected very much to
giving all the premiums to professional
showmen, also to allowing gambling on
the grounds. Mr.. Norton thought all in
terests should be encouraged, as it was
not wise to cultivate that in which we are
already proficient, but rather to develop
that in which we are lacking, in order to
preserve an even balance. The Secreta.
ry recommended more care in labelling ex-
hibits; also that exhibitors name and adj
dress be attached
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
FLORIDA STATE GRANGE.


Master-Wm. II. Wilson, Lake City.
Overseer-S. J. TurnbulI, Williamsburg.
Leeturer-Wm. NJ. Hicks, Houston.
Steward John H. Campbell, Acron.
assistant Steward-T. n. Milton, Lake Butler.
Chaplain-Rev. Abram Crosby, Waldo:
Treasurer-G George W. Taylor, Monticello.
Secretary-George w. Rich, Lake City.
Gate KeeperW VIM. Z. Henry, Lake City.
ceres-Mrs. VIM. H. Wilson, Lake City.
Pomona-Mrs. G. W. Taylor, Monticello.
Flora-Mrs. Townsend, Williamsburg.
u. A. S.-Mrs. n. Milton, Lake Butler.
Ekecutive Committee
Robert F. Rogers, Chairman, WelbOrn.
u. c. Woldron, Sewannee Shoals.
u. II. Lee. White Springs.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
LITTLE Rock, April 20, 1879

The following, among other resolu-
tons, were adopted by the Committee;
3. That in accepting Bro. Worthington's
proposition and making "THE PATRON
OF HUsBANDRY" the organ of the Arkan-
sas State Grange, we do SO in good faith,
recommending Oranges and individual
Patrons to meet his iberality by promptly
subscribing for THE PATRON, which is
live Grange paper, thereby aiding us in
our efforts to spread the truths of our
Order. &. E. ToBEY, Chairman
7. V. SCOTT, Secretary.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
FLORIDA STATE GRANGE.
THE PATRON" ADOPTED AS THE OF


LAKE CITY, FLORIDA, May 20, 1879.
WHEREAS, We deem it of great importance
that the StateGrange of Florida adopt weekly pa
per that is published exclusively in the interests of
the Order, and that 'THE PATRON OF HUsBAN-
Dry published at Columbus, Mississippi,by Bro.
W. H. Worthington, has battled earnestly for
five years in the interest of cause, and has
been during that time a true exponent of the
principles of the Grange, and true to the farmers
interests, it is worthy of the confidence and sup
port of the membership in our State: therefore,
Resolved That we, the Master and Executive
Committee of the State Grange of Florida, do
hereby adopt "THE PATRON OF HUsBANDRY,"
published by Bro. w. H. Worthington, at Co
lumbus, Mississippi, as the Official Journal of our
State Grange, and earnestly request that the
members throughout the State take an active in
terest in extending its circulation among the mem
bers and farmers generally.
VIM. H. WILSON, Master,
]. G. WALDRoN,
T. H. Lev,
r. F. ROGERS,
Executive Committee, Florida State Grange.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05

An unlucky Irishman was once impris-
pned tor an infraction of the law. His
faithful wife visited him and found him
greatly cast down.. With the intention
pf cheering him up, she said: ''Arrah, be
.aisy, Paddy, shure yen have an upright
ledge to try ye, anyway" ''Ah, Biddy,''
ne groaned, "the divilof an upright ledge
want; It's wan that'll lane little"
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
eeA1Ew PROCESS" COTTON FAC
~ TORIES

individuals, companies or Oranges, intending
to establish Cotton Factories on the "New Pro-
cess" or Clement Attachment plan, would find it
to their interest to address the undersigned. I'M
derstanding thoroughly both the sold" and the
''new process" having assisted to put up the 'old
process factory at Nashville and operate for six
years. and put up and operated the first Clement
Attachment, and also putup the Bluff City "New
Process Cotton Factory in this city, he is pre-
pared to put up "rew process" factories at any
point in the South He viii be assisted by corp
of competent machinists, and will supply ex-
perenced machinist to operate each factory. He
guarantees satisfaction.
He refers to Col. F. E. Whitfield, Sr., Corinth
Miss, Zone of the proprietors of the Clement AT
tachment PATENT, w B. Taber, Superintendent
Cotton Factory, Nashville, Tenn, ]. w. Moores,
Superintendent of Bluff City Factory, and tothe
Editor of THE PATRON OF HUsBANDRY, CO.
lumbus, Miss Address, B. B. SMITH,
Marcella Falls, Lawrence CO., Tenn.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05

5FFICERS OF THE LOUISIANA STATE GRANGE.
Master-E. X. Branch, Bordelonville, Avoyelles
,Rrish
overseer-H. W. L. Lewis, 0syka, Miss.
Lecturer-J W. Nicholson; Baton Rouge.
chaplain-P. II. Harbour, New River.
Steward-F. NJ Haygood, Big Bend.
Asst Steward-F. NJ. Hooper, Clinton.
eecretary-John McGrath, Baton Rouge.
Treasurer-W. A. Branerd, New Orleans.
Gate Keeper-A. Deavigne, New Orleans.
Ceres-Mrs E. K. Branch, Bordelonville.
Elora-Mrs. II. w. L. Lewis, Osyka, Miss.
Pomona-Mrs. J. p. Smith, New Orleans.
u. A. S.-Mrs. S. C. Blount, New Orleans.
Executive Committee
Ii. W. L. Lewis, 0syka, Miss.
Mckinley Gibson, New Orleans.
Il. III. Day, Baton Rouge.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05
THE PATRON" IN TEXAS.

AT the recent session of the State Grange, the
following resolution, offered by Bro. jeff. Scott,
of Milan county. was SPONTANEOUSLY adopted:
Resolved, That we, the members of the Texas
State Grange, recommend
THE PATRON OF HUsBANDRY,"
published at Columbus, Mississippi, by Bro. w.
~. Worthngton, as first-class Grange paper,
ind one that is worthy Of the patronage and sup
port OF the membership of our Order throughout
The State
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05

Natchez Democrat: The new cotton
factory enterprise will probably take tan
gibIe shape this summer. The demonstra-
ton of the profitableness of the invest
ment has been SO clearly made that we
cannot doubt the capital to compass the
enterprise will be embarked.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05

The counties of North Texas which
were fortunate enough to receive rain the
other day, are now Boosting OF assurances
of enough grain to supply all their wants
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05


CESS COTTON FACTORY.
The following statement of the cost of the ma
chinery of the new process" cotton factory at
Westminster, S. c., and the daily expenses and
profits, will be found very interesting and sugges
tive to farmers in the Cotton States This factory
is run by water power, and is attached to corn
and -four mill:
COST OF MACHINERY.
One card and Attachment, etc, 81, 500 90
DAILY EXPENSES.
operatives, at so cents each, So 50
1 boss or manager, so
Incidentals, oils etc., $50
500 pounds seed cotton at 3 cts. per pound, IS 90
Total daily expenses, III so
DAILY EARNINGS AND PROFITS.
80 punches yarns, pounds each, I65 lbs,
at Is cents per pound, $2o 70
33s lbs. cotton seed at So per ton, go
Sper CT hard and good waste, say I3 lbs.
at 3 cents per h., SO
Gross daily earnings, 81 50
Net daily profits So So.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-07-05

The ravages Of the Hessian fly are re-
ported as unusually great in many sections
this year. In central New York there will
be three broods