The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1879-12-13

receipts from all sources at 1872 2l0, 600 leavinl
! oenclency TO be appropriated for out of tn,
| treasury Of $7,7l0,900. The relations of the
! department with the railroad companies hav,
been harmonlZed, Notwithstanding the genera
reduction by Congress of their COMPENSATION
| by the appropriation for general facilities. and
! the railway postal lines have been greatly
extended, especially in the Southern States
| Inc interests of the railway mail service would
| be greatly promoted and the expenditures
could be readily controlled by the classification
| or the employees of the railway mail ser.
wee, as recommended by the Postmaster Gener.
al the appropriations for service with resnect
70 which the maximum limit is already fixed
Dy law to be made IN gross. The Postmaster
General recommends an amendment to the law
regulating an increase of compensation for in
| creased service and increased speed on star
routes, go as to enable him to advertise for
such increased service and speed He also
suggests the advantages to accrue to the COM
merce or the country from the enactment of a
general law authorizing contracts with
American built steamers carrying the Amer
lean nag for Transporting the mail
between the United States and parts of the
west Indies and South America at fixed
maximum price per mile, the amount to be
expended being regulated by annual appropria-
uons IN like manner with the amount for the
domestic star service. The arrangement made
by the Postmaster. General and the Secretary
OF the Treasury for the collection of duties on
oConS ASCelFei III TIE mail from foreign cOun-
tries has proved so satisfactory in its practical
operation that the recommendation is now
made that Congress extend the provisions of
the act of March g. 1879, under which this
arrangement was made, SO as to apply to all
other dunable articles received in the malls
from foreign countries
Sinking Fund.
The policy Of the United States steadily ad-
hered TO from the adoption of the constitution
has been to avoid the creation of national
debt, and when, from necessity, in the time OF
war, debts have been created, they have been
bee paid of on the return of pea 90 "a rapidly
as possible. With this view and for this pur-
pose, II Is recommended that the existing laws
for the accumulf ton of a sinking fund sufti-
cient to eXtinguish the public debt within a
limited period be maintained If any change
or the objects or rates of taxation is deemed
necessary by Congress, it is suggested that ex-
perlence has shown that duty can be placed
on tea and coffee which VIII not enhance the
price Of those articles to the consumer and
which will add several millions of dollars an
nually to the treasury.
The Courts.
The business of the Supreme Court is
at present largely in arrears. 1t can
not be expected that more causas
can be decided than are now disposed of in ITS
annual session, or that by any asslduity the dis
ungulshed Magistrates who compose the court
can accomplish more than is no1 done
In the courts of many of the circuits, also, the
business has increased to such an extent that
the delay of justice will call the at ention of
Congress to an appropriate remedy. 1t is
believed that al is done in each cir
;ult which can be fairly expected from its
Judicial force. The evils arising from delay
are less e. heavily felt 10y the United
causes are advanced by the courts when
1t IS seen that they involve the discussion
of questions Of public character The remedy
suggested by the Attorney General is the ap-
pointment of additional Circuit JUDGES, and the
creation Of an intermediate Court OF Errors and
Appeals, Which shall relieve the Supreme Court
of part of its jurisdiction, while larger force
IS also obtained for the performance of circuit
duties | recommend this suggestion to the
consideration of Congress. 1t would seem to
afford complete remedy, and would involve, if
ten additional Circuit Judges are appointed, az
expenditure at the present rate of salaries of
not more than $780, GOO year, which would GER
tainly be small in comparison with the objects
10 be attained.
agricultural Bureau,
My recommendations in former messages are
renewed in favor of charging the facilities of
the Department of Agriculture Agriculture
is the leadij interest and the permanent in
dustry OF our people 1t is to the abundance Of
agricultural productions as compared with our
home COZ Imption and the hugely increa .ed
md highly profitable market abroad which we
have enjoyed in recent years that we are main
~ indebted for our present prosperity as a
people. We must look to its continued main
tenance for substantial resource. There is no
branch Of industry in which labor, directed
by scientific knowledge, yields such in
creased production in oGlUarisOn with unskied
abOr, and no branch Of the public service TO
which the encouragement of liberal appropria
tons can be moro appropriately extended.
The omission to render such aid is not wise
economy, but on the contrary undoubtedly re-
suits in losses of Immense sums annually that
might be saved through well-directed efforts
by the Government to promote this vital
interest The result already accomplish d
with the very limited means heretofore placed
at the command Of the Department Of Agri-
culture is an earnest Of what may be expected
with increase ed appropriations for the several
purposes indicated in the report of the
Commits siouer, with view 10 placing the de
partment upon footing which wi ena bic it
to prosecute more effectively the objects for
which it is established Appropriations are
needed for a more complete laboratory, for the
adjustment OF Veterinary Division and a
Division Of Forestry, and for an increase of
force. The requirements for these and other
purposes indicated in the report of the Commits
siOner, under the head Of Immediate Neces-
sites Of the Department" viii moi involve any
expenditure of money that the country cannot
with propriety now undertake in the interests
OF agriculture.
District of Columbia.
In former messages, impressed with the i'm
portance of the subject l have taken occasion
to recommend TO Congress the adoption Of
generous policy toward the District Of Column
bia. The report Of the Commissioners Of the
District herewith transmitted contains sugges-
tons and recommendations to all of which J
earnestly invite your careful attention. | asa
your early and favorable consideration of TIA
views which they express as to urgent need o
legislation for the reclamation OF the marshes
the Potomac and it's eastern branch within the
limits Of the city, and for the repair OF stree