The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1879-05-28

that the French veterinary from the army
Of the car has brought from the steppes Of
the Ural all that he claims.
s
Butter and Cheese.
Mr.. Z. A Willard, of Herkimer county,
Country Gentleman Q statement of the
prices obtained for butter and cheese in New
York City since 1924, . period OF SIS years.
he divioes the time into decades, the first
being from 1925 TO 1885. The prices for
January, 1925, were y cents per pound for
cheese and Is cents for butter. Cheese was
cents and butter l5L cents in 1926, but in
the following year cheese touched cent?
until 1884, when 1t advanced to 6N cents
per pound. Butter was highest at liz cents
In 1927, but declined to 15H cents in ls2S,
and reached the lowest 1880, when 1t was
13H cents. Good dairy farms in Central
New York during this decade sold from SIS
to $35 per acre.
The first export OF cheese from America
to England was from 1880 to 1882, which
amounted to 10000 pounds, The second
decade was from 1885 to 1s45. In the first
year OF this cheese had advanced to TX
cents and butter to Tx cents In 1886.
cheese brought So cents, and, in 1896. 91<
cents-the highest point reached. and the
lowest was in 1874, when it touched AZ
cents.
The highest price for butter was in 1883.
when it reached 20 cents. and in 1913 fell to
81 cents, advancing the next year to only
10L cents In 1875 cheese advanced from
AZ cents, the previous years rates. to 63z
cents. and kept along, without varying much,
until 1851, when it touched the lowest figure
of the decade, 81 cents; but the next year,
1852. 1t went up to go cents, and continued
to rise. bringing s u cents in 1853 and reach
ing 81 cents in 1854, which, it will be seem.
is the highest point quoted In 80 years. But
ter went from 13H cents in 1916, to 1871:
r. MT
county advanced during this decade $50 and
$50 per acre. The interest in dairy farming
increased wonderfully this decade, aud con-
siderable attention was paid to breeding and
the care of stock.
In lsls and 1s49 the shipment of cheese to.
Great Britain had increased to Is. 10000
pounds, and the whole product of cheese
tbat year was not far from 100. 000, 900 pounds,
about AZ. 600, 600 Of which was received ut the
tidewaters of the Hudson. The shipments
in 1S49-50 we're only Il, 600, 900 pounds, the
British shippers having met with severe
losses, and prices fell about one cent in the
home market. In 1851 the exports of cheese
had increased to $4,000. 900 pounds. an IN
crease of about 256 per cent since 1881. 1t
was during the third decade that pineapple
and Dutch Eddins. the latter generally called
cannon ball" cheese, were made to q con-
siderable extent in Herkimer county, NJ Y.
The ''cannon-balr' cheese was used chiefly
TO supply the United States navy
In the fourth decade, from 1855 to 1865,
cheese maintained its prlce of the previous
year-9H cents-declining 1 cent the fol-
lowing year and advancing again to az
cents in 1857. In 1858 1t fell to 81 cents,
but advanced the next year to So cents, and
in 1850 to IL cents, dropping down to 7cents
the following year and then touching 3
cents in 1858 and 15X cents in 1854 Dur
ing this decade butter started at 22l4. cents
in 1885, holding this price until 1858. when
Z hvn 81, - -
in 1861 and then gradually advancing until
it reached "a cents in 1864. In 1857 was
established the associated system, bring
ing into existence the dairy associations and
with them the better systematizlng of the
manufacture Of cheese. In 1859 the total
exports of American cheese were only
8 2S7, 900 pounds. but In 1861 they had risen
to 40. 141 900 pounds, and in 1864 to 40, 1856.
S42 pounds quantity at that time thought
by many to be the limit of over-production.
In 1865. the beginning of the fifth decade,
cheese bad risen to an average price Of 20
cents per pound. and IT continued to bring
from 16 ceats to IS cents until 1877. when
1t dropped to l3A cents, the lowest point
reached. but advanced again in 1873 to Az
CENTS and closed the decade in 1874 at 14a<
cents. The average prce of butter in New
York in 1865 was As cents, and In the two
advanced to As cents, when it gradually
declined to its lowest figure in 1872. aver
aging but Is cents per pound. 1t closed the
decade in 1874 at - cents. 1t was during
this period that dairy farms were established
in the Eastern States, in Ohio, Illinois and
the Northwest
The writer devotes considerable time to
the sixth decade, or that part which has
transpired, and states that darymen feel
the extreme pressure OF low prices, and
although depression was felt IN many
branches of business in 1875, it did not
kouch the n airy fnr chaaco thar vosr ava,.
aged in January 15A cents In 1876 .t
brought 1871 cents. and IN 1877 Az cents,
prices at which good profits could be realized.
The year 1877 was . very fruitful one for
dsirymen in New York, and, notwithstaaS.
ing the increased production, the prices for
cheese in January. 1873, ranged in New York
City, for fancy State factories. 1917 to 13Z
cents. and for common from 10 TO IL cents,
making an average Of about l27< cents per
pound. Butter. during January, 1873,
ranged from IS to &c cents for fine State,
while fresh half firkins brought 80 to 80
cents, and common brands from Is to %
cents. The average may be put at 27s< cents.
He thinks il must be admitted that dairy
men had good reason to congratulate them
selves on the prices received for their pro-
ducts up to the time when they began to
market the crop of 1878. From the dairy
business nerther producer nor buyer has
made any money to boast OF, bat with Q
unifornity of fine goods both in the home
and foreign markets. consumption may be
50 promoted and increased that our dairy
industry will again be lifted into q highly