davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fayette County herald. [volume] (Washington [Washington Court House], Fayette County, O. [Ohio]) 1860-1???, 1879-11-27

colleges that a man is at the mercy Of
a young tutor who by his mark-book
sits in Judgment, from which there is
no appeal Every College man knows
how much injustice is done by a few
callow instructors who have perhaps
forty men to hear at a time, who hear
each man perhaps every other day,
and must determine his stand by the
two or three minutes he is on his feet.
There are so many opportunities for
the dishonest student TO impose on the
tutor, and the tutor is so quick to sus-
pect laziness the man who is too dis
honest to PONY or hand in " sick
excuses" and, moreover, the divisions
are so large and the examinations so
infrequent, that the marking system,
in my judgment, is fruitful of evil.
No educational institution in this
country has probably so large teach
ing force in proportion to the students,
as West Point At Yale and Harvard
the proportion is about one to ten; at
the military academy it is one to five.
At Yale a professor has sometimes sixty
men in a recitation-rOom; here he has
nine. Here the student must learn;
there he may. Here he must learn so
much and no more; there he must
learn a little less than so much, but
may learn a great deal more.
At West Point the marking system is
necessary, is wisely managed, and
cannot be abused; but in a college the
case is different, for there are three
times as many men before the tutor as
before the West Point instructor.
The marking system again has a
very strong tendency to suppress that
free communication between the teacher
and the taught which is indispensable
to the best education. No ordinary
man will imperil his standing by ex-
posing his ignorance before his tutor.
Many instructors feel this, and invite
their scholars to question freely, but
the boys are shy. They fear to sowthe
wind. A good story is told here of one
of the best and most popular professors.
The cadet who told it is no longer in
the corps. He is therefore safe. The
professor had frequently urged the
cadets to make known their wants to
him. "Only by this means, gentle
men, will you acquire that compre-
hensive grasp of your subject which it
is my endeavor to afford you"
At last a hand went up, and the de.
lighted professor asked.
"What is it, Mr.. SmithP"
"May l ask question, ProfessorP'
was the reply.
"Certainly-but one minute, Mr..
Smith. Let me now direct your atten-
lion, gentlemen, to the praiseworthy
conduct of Mr.. Smith. You are now
to witness an illustration of what is ex-
,ellent in the Socratic teaching. 1 hope
you will not fail in future to follow the
good example set by Mr.. Smith. Now,
Mr.. Smith, what is your question:"
May | shut the door, Professor"
Pliny was of the opinion that the
,nly safe literary work under Domitian
vas to write neutral grammar or
compile dictionary. 1t is the opinion
If those who are under the marking
system that the only safe questions to
ssk are those relative to the tempera-
ure and the gas-metre. West Point
JoT. N. Y Post.
Fayette County herald. [volume] (Washington [Washington Court House], Fayette County, O. [Ohio]) 1860-1???, 1879-11-27

A PARTY of forty-seven persons,
among whom there are twelve married
couples and fourteen 9ehildren, have
lately sailed from Bergen, Norway, to
colonize the uninhabited Aldabra Isl
and, in the Indian Ocean, 800 miles
north of Madagascar, which is said to-
be admirably adapted to agricultural
industry. aao'@ f'''te-
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
Making told Lace.

One OF the most singular mechanical
operations imaginable is the making Of
gold lace. The refiner first prepares a
solid rod Of silver about an inch in
thickness; he beats this rod, applies
upon the surface sheet OF gold leaf.
Furnishes this down-and so on, until
the gold is about onehundredth part
the thickness OF the silver. The rod is
then subjected 10 train OF processes
which brings il down 90 the state of
the fine wire, when u n passed through
holes in the steel plate, lessening step
by step in diameter. The gold never
deserts the SILVER, but adberes closely
10 il, and shares all its munitions; il
is onehundredth part. Of the thick
ness Of the silver at the beginning, and
IL maintains the same ratio 10 the end.
As To- the thinness 30 which the gold
coated rod of silver can be brought.
the limit depends on the delicacy OF
human skill. IL has been calculated,
however, that the gold actually placed
on the very finest silver wire for gold
lace is not more than one-third Of one.
milionth Of an inch in thickness; that
is, not one-tenth the thickness; that il,
not one.tenth the thickness Of ordinary
gold leaf
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26

Konisberg insisted that "the child is
not to be educated for the world as 1t
Is, that il may get along in it, but that
il must be brought mp for humanity
and better future" Goethe says.
"what is commonly called education
makes OF us bags filed with words,
figures, and facts"
Montesquieu asserts that education
has for it's foundation the same princi-
Piles as the state: fear under despotism,
pride under monarchy, and virtue un-
der a republic. Ana since virtue is
formed by early habit, a republic must
train children to simplicity and self-re-
straint."
Prof. A. II. Grote, OF Buffalo, in a
recent address before the American AS
sociation for the advancement OF
science, says. "education may be pri-
marily conceived as the process Of
storing sense impressions in the brain
and the total condition and amount OF
the brain pictures We might call knowl-
edge"
We believe true education to be ex-
actly what the word indicates-e- dUcO,
a drawing out of all the faculties Of
our nature. It is not instruction, in
iastruere. a piling up or setting In order
an army OF facts or principles. It is
not tabulating, arranging, or memoriz-
ing a subject. Ii is not learning set
lessons or filling the mind with useful
knowledge. 1t is leading the mind to
think, act, judge, estimate, aud reflect
for itself. Agassiz said that the poor
est service a teacher could render pu-
pill was to give him a ready-made ans
wer. We believe he was right.
III the Chinese system OF schools is
TO be perpetusted in our country, We
might as well abandon all normal
schools, teachers institutes. and ex-
aminers, and simply know that teach
ers have the power Of keeping order
and hearing recitations.- Barnes' Ed
ucational Monthly.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
To the Point.

The Independent Statesman. pub
lished at Concord, New Hampshire,
SAYS: Zone OF the clearest aud sound
est expositions of Republican doctrine
ever formulated Is contained in the call
for Maine Republican State Conven-
tion, which met in Bangor, June 26.-
The call was written by Capt. G. A.
Boutelle, the able editor OF the Bangor
Daily Wing and Courier, and one OF
the staunchest Republicans in the
country. Earnest and profound in his
convictions, no man could be truer 10
them. He follows where they lead, I'M
hinchingly. and without regard to i'm
mediate consequences. Would that we
had more such men at the head OF
leading Republican newspapers. Ia
that event the danger from the coward
ice OF the Commentaries and the
trickcry of the trimmers in the Repub-
lican party would be greatly lessened.
Here is the call in question. No Re
publican can read IL aud not feel a
quickening Of the blood"
/. To maintain the power and pres
tige Of the Union against all attempts
10 subvert or oppose its Just authority,
and 10 insist that the Government OF
the United States shall be controlled
by loyal men.
2. To discountenance and reprobate
the reasonable and revolutionary
course of the Democrats in Congress,
who threaten TO cripple and destroy
the functions OF the government II
constitutionally prevented from enact
ing their partisan measures into law.
3. To uphold the right OF the United
States to enforce its own laws wherever
they are 90 operate, aud 20 frown down
aud put down the dangerous heresy OF
the States Rights secessionists, who
have already plunged the country into
one bloody war, aud who are now at
tempting TO control the Government OF
the Union Nitn the same measures that
preceded the rebellion Of 1861.
4. To insist upon free elections-not
only free from national military inter
/ ference, which no one desires, but also
/ free from the interference and violence
| Of sO-called State militia, and the as
Sassins who with deadly weapons have
seized the polls in many OF the South
ern States, driving innocent and de-
fencel5ss voters from the ballot box
huh mahihB AhOthct1 VI tl'ShohSi
which war upon free suffrage has been
made a distinct political issued by
every Democrat in the Senate and
House voting against n measure de-
signed 10 prevent and suppress it.
3. To uphold the financial credit OF
the Government and 10 save 90 the peo-
pie of all sections a sound currency,
equivalent TO coin at all times aud ia
all places, and redeemable in coin.-
And to this end oppose all distracting,
repudiating aud mischieyous efforts
against the peace, welfare and indus
trial prosperity OF the people.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
SCHOOL LAW.
OFFICIAL Rulings and Decisions

Prepared for the Lansing Republican.
/. A township superintendent is con
sidered qualified in the meaning OF the
law, by virtue OF his Office, TO teach on
~ in the township IN which he holds
office. II he engages in teaching in
any other township. he must be exam.
ined and obtain certificate from the
superintendent Of such other township
before he can be considered duly qual-
flied.
.. A teacher must keep himself, or
herself, qualified within the meaning
Of the law. by holding a certificate
from legal authority, in force for the
entire time while engaged in teaching.
3. A contract made with teacher
who does not hold a valid certificate at
the time of making such contract is
void.
4. An alien residing in a school dis
trict, and having property liable TO as
sessment for school taxes, is a qualified
voter at district meetings, but he can
not hold Office.
>. A woman residing in a school dis
trict. aud who owns property liable 10
assessment for school taxes, IS a quail.
fed voter at district meetings, and al.
so eligible To hold Office.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
The Canton River.

or all the extraordinary scenes which
can be witnessed. says Bayard Taylor,
nothing can be more surprising or
astounding 20 the European than the
appearance of the Canton river for let
him have travelled "far and wide"
nought can give him an idea of the
scene but occular demonstration. Myriads
Of boats float on the waters; some de-
voted 10 handicrait men Of all desCrip-
tions: others 10 retailers of edlbles,
cooked and uncoOked boats laden with
chests Of tea piled one upon tile othe-,
tier above tier, until the side Of the
boat is level with the waters edge
mandarin boats forcing their way
authoritativcly through the crowd war
junks at anchor; while here and there
Is European boat, managed by sailors
who give vent To their excited feelings
by uttering sundry and divers elacula-
tions not particularly complimentary 10
the good seauIanship Of the natives, nor
expressive of kindly feelings towards
them. Flower boats, and Others belong
ing 90 ariisa venders Of food. pedlars,
merchants, poultry and sand-pans are
wedged together in one solid mass,
apparently impenetrable; while the
air is filled and the ear stunted with the
deafening sound of gongs and wind
instruments, discoursing most unearthly
music. accompanied 10y the yelling,
screaming, gabbling and clamor of hun
dreds Of thousands Of human tongues,
producing a hodge-podge Of sounds, un-
rivaled and unequalled since the build
ing Of the Tower OF Babel. As there is
no part Of the world 80 densely popu-
lated as China, so there is no part Of
China 80 thickly populated rs Canton ;
the population Of the city Of Canton and
its suburbs being estimated at above one
million and the denizens Of the river,
who habitually reside in their boats, are
said to exceed two hundred thousand.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
YELL OF THE BULLDOZER.
A Mississippi Paper CIamors FOR Des-
Pernte Measures Against snde-
peuaeuts

From the corinth, Miss. Record, Aug I'll.
Our people are beginning 10 realize
in earnest that the Inauguration OF the
Observation-Disclosures movement il
nothing but the reorganization OF the
worst type OF the radical party. Their
emissaries are travelling in every direc-
tion, studiously endeavoring TO hood
wink and deceive our people. They
are promoters of dIscord and fomenters
OF sedition in our midst. Their insid-
ious attempts TO disunite and disorgan.
ize the Democratic party will be met
and foiled. Their determined efforts to
percipitate another race conflict aud
engender strife throughout the land
will be thwurted and punished. We
must arouse from our letha-gy and, if
necessary 10 the success and vindica-
ton of the Democratic party-.the great
party of the people-res0rt 10 desperate
measures. The indicative and serpen-
tine malignity of the radical leaders for
our people is unbonnded. The old wet
dog radical smell will invariably betray
them, however sweetly they prate
about the right OF the people. The sue
cess Of the so-called Independents will
merely be the restoration OF the Radi-
Gals To power in our State and the NOR
al desolation aud death of her every in.
terest. BE not deceived. Let not the
honeyed accents of these false prophets
throw you off your guard. Arm for the
conflict and ,odgs thf ndT 10 the bitter
end. Proclaim TO the world that you
are freemen and will never become the
dupes and victims OF radical wiles and
villainy. The Greenback party was un-
timely ripped from the great womb Of
radicalism, and let us strangle, crush
and annihilate it in the natal hour
Pass the watchword along the lines
and let our battle cry be death 10 the
traitors aad enemies OF our people. Our
brethren below are already in the field.
and you will soon hear that they are
marching on to certain and glorious
victory. The mutterings of the coming
story are audibie in the distance and If
the lesson Of 1875 has TO be repeated
the sooner we begin the better Let
US cry aloud and spare not-for Davis,
Nasser, and their horrid crew OF dema-
gogues, are more dangerous enemies TO
the liberties Of our people than the
worst leaders that ever marshalled the
hosts of radicalism in our midst.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
NUMBER 1712.
A few Preeepts from C,nfucius.

"Be severe 10 yourself, and indulgent
10 others; you thus avoid all resent
ment"
THE wise man makes equity and JUS
tice the basis Of all his conduct the
right forms the rule of bis behavior;
Difference and modesty mark his exte-
rior; sincerity and fidelity serve him for
accomplishment"
love virtue, and the people win be
yirtuous; the virtue Of great man is
like the wind; the virtue of the humble
is like the grass; when the wind passes
over il the grass inclines its head"
children should practice filial piety
at home, and patenal Difference abroad;
they should be attentive in their actions,
sincere and true i'm their words, loving
all with the whole force Of their alice
ton"
Return equity and justice for evil
done 10 You, and pay goodness by good
ness"
without the virtue Of humility, one
can neither be honest in poverty nor
contented in abundance"
Real virtue consists in integrity or
heart and loving your neighbor as your
self"
what desire that others should not
do to me, l equally desire not to do 70
them"
Think not Of faults committed in the
past, when one has reformed his con-
duct"
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26

The OBJECrs or STUDY.-The bust
ness of the teacher is to develop. disci-
pline. and train the powers by which
knowledge is gained; besides, IN per-
forming this work he will lodge in a Sc
cure and usable form all the useful
knowledge possible. He will make as
his great leading object the training Of
the mind; he will next direct the
pupils attention To his own mental
processes. TO show him when he thinks
accurately: this is sometimes called
teaching to think: he will teach the
pupil TO arrange and classify his
knowledge: he will teach the pupil TO
give good expression TO his knowledge.
These being objects the teacher aims
at, he requires study in order that he
may secure these objects; they may be
set down az the objects OF study. And
" person has no teacher, he still
needs all OF the above effects, and 30
produce them ne uses study. IL is
plain, then, that study is the indispen-
sible means 20 be employed TO obtain
education.-lN Y. School Journal.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
Education!

IL il one Of the most astonishing
facts Of the present century that with
all OF our schools, textbooks, systems
Of teaching, and educational journals,
there is such a wide difference among
thinking men in reference 10 what edu-
cation il. We noticed recently brief
outline Of the various definitions OF
education, in the Buffalo School Jour
nal. The collection is so good we re-
produce il entire.
One old author says, education is a
proper disposal OF all the circumstan-
ces which Influence character, and Of
the means Of producing those habitual
dispositions which insure well-doing.
Another says, education is discipline
or correction, culture, or instruction
and exercise Of the faculties Of pru.
depce and wisdom, and al last the for.
nation of the moral disposition, or OF
character Locke held that a "a
sound mind in a sound body is the
chiefest care Of education.
Pope has u:
% -tls education forms the common mind;
Jast a. the twig u bent, the trees inclined.
Milton Indignantly descants against
''the waste Of time ia our schools, with
a miserable little Latin or Greek, and
pleads for a virtuous aud noble educa
tion, consisting in studies, exercises
diet, aud music, likest 10 those ancient
aud famous schools OF Pythagoras
Plato. Socrates, Aristotle, aud Others
Of whom were bred such n number o
renowned philosophers, orators, histo.
rians. poets, and statesmen.
John Draper says, education should
represent the existing state Of knowl
edge, aud not the pretended wisdom o.
past ages" The great philosopher o.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
"It,s weally Agewavating.- -

"Ab, I beg pardon. hope your Hon
ala will excuse me, as i am yevy sor-
Wy"
He was a quiet-looking individual,
but his Lose was red and his hands
trembled suspiciously as he fingered
the rim of his hat.
"I suppose so, answered the jus
tice. int what did you get drunk
for2"
"I-ah-indulged a little, it's true,
-ah-the-ah-that is, most gen
tleman does once in a while, you
know"
"You are q gentleman, theng'
Gent? Ah--oh, yea, sab; mos as
shuadly, sab. I-ah-I have held sol q
very high positions in this city,"
mention some Of themg"
"well-ah-for instance. I-ah-l
have held the position OF portah in
Fwanklin street, and I-ah-I have
been in the Cawt Of Common Pleas.
"Yes, so have a good many other
gentleman.
"Yes, sab; but / am wealIy very sro'
wy"
That's the correct thing now for
you"
''Yes. sab; I suppose / may go.
"On the payment of $40.
"Oh-ah-what? oh, dear me. that
weally aggwavating, isn't it2" said he
"a he wiped bis nose on his elbow and
passed inside.-lN. Y. Telegram.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
Work Needed.

From the Ohio State Journal.
We have great confidence in the abil-
ity and experience of our Republican
managers, this canvass, and doubt not
that they have discovered that the
Democratic tactics have changed. 1t
is the present policy of the Democrats
TO affect "a certain want of confidence
which is calculated 90 lull our forces
into false security. There is great
victory in store for the Republican par
ty, hut we must work for It. It is pos
sible to lose il, aud ii is not possible
10 make il too sweeping. We need not
restrain ourselves.
The State is indignant with an imbe-
cile Executive and a farcical Legisla.
tive body. The Nation is blazing with
resentment against a treacherOus sec
tional faction, the leaders of which
have stolen into our National Legisla-
ture, and captured all the approaches
up to the very donjon keep Of an in
vincible Executive. These men have
pardons ia their pockets and the assas-
sins malice In their hearts. They have
formed junction with their old allies
who all through the late War occupied
position midway between traitor and
spy. These fit allies lack only the abil-
ity to make this Nation by guile what
they failed to make il by an exhausting
civil war. Their purpose has been un-
masked. The people can no longer
doubt that these men are plotting
hopefully 10 turn TO waste all the pre-
cious blood that was poured out like
water TO preserve us Nation. This
conviction has come through patient
and magnanimous tenders Of trust and
amity, which have been met with Chi
cane and falsehood.
The people are thoroughly reused by
the knowledge OF these facts. The
late session OF Congress has operated
like the attack upon Font Sumter. We
have had no such meetings since the
war as the meetings Of this campaign.
Our town meetings have been like
State conventions IN size and enthus-
iasm.
Ii would require laundering worse
than criminal TO fail in this canvass. 49,
Yet, the very gravity of the exigency
aud the confidence and determination
Of the people, call for multiplied eau
tion and exertion. We may trust too
much 10 these. and too little to the
prosaic details OF drill and disci-
pline." Let US have our forces we'll in
hand. Bring out the reserves. At
tack at all points, with every arm Of
the service. What we want is not a
simple victory-let us have a rout Of
the enemy. Send them whirliDg.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26
Kindness.

IL we could but look down into the
hearts Of many people in our city, what
a sight would be presented before our
eyes How many hearts dying for one
little spark Of sympathy, dying for one
kind word spoken, one act OF kindness
shown them; but alas only a frownl
only n cold glance which pierces To the
very center of the heart Many n dis
ciple bearing that honored title Chris
tian," is not true disciple, bearing a
cup Of cold water "unto one Of the least
Of these but instead giving a cross
answer, showing a selfish disposition,
doing an unchristian act, not needing
the Masters words, "Bcar ye one
another's burdens" but giving others
many burdens. II every one did well
the part assigned them, what n delight
fnl world would be made out Of this
now dreary one. Let us scatter roses
where we now SOW thorns, sunshine
where we now cast thick clouds Of sor-
row and woe; then our lives will be
joyous; and standing at the threshold
Of brighter and purer world and look
ing back over the bright years Of the
past, knowing we have done our duty
10 our fellow men i'm this world, we will
he better prepared 10 welcome the joys
Of the next.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1879-08-26

or what party would disband at the
mandate of a mob? gradual process
OF disintegration is a necessity for the
reorganization OF Southern society. and
this will begin when the Southerners
fight among themselves, which they
will do when they have no one else TO
fight. That close reasoning. Logical,
independent journal. of Democratic
tendencies, the New York Nation, sees
cause for alarm in these recent threat
ening demonstrations in the South, and
at the close Of an exceedingly vigorous
lecture to the Mississippians, says: at
is high time that Mississippi realized
that exhibitions of white pusillanimity
produce no effect at the North except
disgust"