Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1879-01-16

the Spanish nobility for an unknown pc
riod before. His paper is an EXHAUSTIVE
history of our early importations of Ne
Iinos, which were much larger than i
generally supposed, the period of 1909 an,
! 10 seeing according 10 Capt Morrison
statement, which is pretty well substan
liated 10y other evidence-iifteen thousan,
head brought in, of the subsequent fate q
many of which little is known. This pa
per will he published in the forthcomin.
register Of the association.
Professor Brewer followed Mr. Chapman
with remarks on that and Mr.. Perkn'
paper, saying that Mr.. Perkins rather un
der than overratedthe hardshipS and draw
backs of Texas sheep-raising, and he ha,
no doubt they would have to come to Yer
mont for fresh blood to keep up their Tex
us flpcks. Other Interesting literature o
early sheep-raising was contributed b,
Prof Brewer, Mr. Chapman, Mr.. Hub
bird and others.
THURSDAY AFTERNOONS
exercises were opened by singing by tn,
choir, alter which Col. L. S. S.oweil o
Cornwall read paper on the Menta
Growth Of Farmers. He believed tn,
state board an important auxiliary in tn,
growth and help of the farmer. He spoke
OF the changes of business made wher
prices in certain classes of products &C
down, which changes intensity and per.
petuate the trouble.
The next was an address by Mr.. L. ID
Mason of Richmond, on Pasture Llnds
The question now is. how we are to keer
up tie fertility of the pastures? In dairy,
ing sections the custom is to turn the COW.
INTO the pastures to fill themselves, anC
take them out ut night, and never think Of
putting anything back. A good sod may
generally be secured by turning over tho
old sod in August or September, putting
on aoout ten loads Of well-rotted manure
buShel of rye and hushel of herds
grass, and in the spring about peek OF
clover. Brakes will be pretty surely
killed by turning over in August, and
thislles generally killed by cutting in the
same month: but at any rate cut them be-
fore they 90 to seed, and all weeds should
be cut in the same way, and put on the
compost heap. He did not believe cs-
pecially in commercial manure; he had
never bought but one barrel of it, and
thought that he should never buy another.
Mr.. Mason was kept ION the stand .
answering the questions which followed
each other rapidly, till nearly dark, when
the meeting was adjourned to me in the
School House Hall in the evening
THURSDAY EVENING
exercises were opened by music from the
Middlcbury Glee Club; the address by
Prof. G. IL. Perkins of the University of
Vermont, on The Parasites Infesting
Sheep Prof. Perkins commenced by
saying that his subject was not II pleasant
one, and quoting the remark made in the
FREEMAN report Of his Burlington pa
per, said the reporter of one of his lectures
had said that after hearing it, one woultl
be inclined to think it would have been
more than two dollars and IL half in n
mans pocket if he had died before he was
born. The Professor illustrated his add
dres, by diagrams, and after Il brief ref
ercnce TO ticks. took up the bot fly, which
causes the grub-in-the-head This fly laws
IL small worm in the nose of the sheen
which attaches itself to the membrane
lining the nostril, and works its way
upward, feeding on the mucous and the
membrane itself. This trouble is II serious
one, Notwithstanding the statements of
high authority to the contrary He thought
tie trouble might be cured by inhaIing Il
strong carbolic acid vapor
All that can be done is to remove the
grubs from tie head. and he believed Riley
recommended lime reduced to II fine pow
der, which the sheep should nhale TO
make them sneeZc and so throw out the
worm. His next parasite was the tape
worm; tracing its propagation. how it
takts two individuals of the same kind to
reach maturity in two individuals of diff
ferent species starting only in the hoo.
and reaching mnturity only in the human
hcing-and gave an instance where one
tpe woim. 1900 feet long, was taken
fIom man, and is in the museum at Co.
prnhagen. The next was the species of
tape worm known us the floating bladder,
which is in the immature state in the
sheep, and reaches maturity in the dog.
from which it is in turn taken up by the
sheep and so keeps up the continued
round of existence. If there were no dogs
this parasite must cease to exist. The
next parasite was the species of tape
worm found in sheep, in the brain, and
producing what is known as water brain.
The next was the Hydatids, of which it
is estimated that above eight hundred die
in Great Britain. If an err of
this tape worm is taken into the stomach
OF the sheep, the cyst is dissolved of and
4 little worm is freed and somehow gets
into the circulation, settling in some one
of the organs, us the lungs or liver, and
90 on charging, and with IN almost meal
cuIable power of reproduction. 1t is never
safe to eat fruit or vegetables gathered in
the garden without washing, or drink
from pool, as eggs of this parasite may
be present, especially when dogs are about
in considerable numbers. 1t is estimated
hat one person in every forty in Iceland
is affected with this disease. and one
sixth the deaths there are from this cause.
owing to the presence of so many dogs.
tie had no donbt more sheep were des-
.royed every year by the eggs of this par.
lsite, which are taken up from the dogs,
than there are by the direct attack of dogs
He spoke of the liver flukes found so
often in sheep, and so plenty in the deer
IN the Adirondacks, for which there is no
sure cure after they reach the liver. The
only thing is TO use precautions to prevent
he dissemination of the eggs.
The Strengths was next described rs not
80 common OF dangerous as those before
described. A weak or sickly animal is more
likely to be attacked by parasites than those
n full health and strength, and the keep
ng of animals in good heart and condition
5 II preventative of parasites and disease.
he could hardly speak too strongly CON
,ernlng dogs. AS they commonly feed,
hey may not be so dangerous, but feeding
Ibout slaughter houses the danger could
hardly be overestimated.
Hrof. Brewer next spoke in enforcement
II that part of Prof. Perkins address. of
nose parasites which require for the COM
'letlon OF the circle of whose existence it
eqnlres the sheep and dog; relating an in
lance where in one of the most pOpulous
Il the sheep raising districts where, as
Jean swift said, every poor man kept a
log, and every ID poor one kept two,
where relative of his died from u disease
which batlled the doctors and which by
microscopic examination, he found to be
rom these Hydatids.
Prof. Brewer was followed by Col. John
!. Mead on the Education of the Farmer"
lie mad Tor SO many years been met and
onironled by so many obstacles that he
BIT like crying out, Oh! Tor more knowl-
dye. Farmers in Vermont want TO know
iore. lie wants to see the day come when
IL m IfNfr Oh nlt 4