The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1879-10-02
AGRICULTURE.


season when tho insects which prey on
fruit trees arc most destructive, and re-
Quirc the closest attention. "Etcrnal
vigilance" will be the "prHe" Of sue
ccssful contention with these tiny foes.
The tent caterpillar and the cauker
worm prey on tho foliage of apple and
cherry trees. The applc-worm moth
lays its eggs i'm the calyX of the young
fruit, and the grub, rs soon rs it is hatch
cd, cuts its way to the core, causing the
fruit to ripcn prcmaturely. In some
instances the worm continues in the
fruit without causingany apparent dam
age, and it is only when the apple is be-
ing eaten or cut up that the tenant
makes its appearance. The Spitzcnburg
seems to he u particular favOrite with
this destructive insect, for we find Il
great deal Of this fruit wormy. A
great many Of the moths may be z OF rid
of by building fires IN the orchard ut
night. They will be attracted by the
light, fly into the blaze and be destroy
ed. Some persons place lamp In
the centre of tub of water; the light
attracts the moths, they fly against the
lnmp, fall into the water and are
drowned. The goosebcrry and currant
catcrpillars begin their work of dcstruc-
ton as soon as tho leaves are fully de-
veloped. The gooscbcrry caterpillar is
the larva of Il species Of saw-tly which
lays its eggs OH the ribs on the back of
the leaves, and as soon as the young
worms arc matched they commcnc prey
ing OH the leaves, eating their way in
to them. Their presence may be de-
tcctcd by the appearance Of numerous
small holes, like pin-holcs in the leaf,
and, as whole brood arc, in this early
stage, confined to ono leaf, they can be
easily destroyed by picking Off the
leaf and tramping on it. Bark lice are
very Injurious to fruit trees, as they
find shelter under the bark, through
the crcviccs of which they prey on the
sap, and iniure the vigor of the trees.
They may be destroyed by wash of
whalc-oil soapsuus, or II solution of pot
ash. Common soapsuds have been
used against them with success. The
stems of all fruit trees cannot be too
frequently washed, as by this means
old dead bark, which affords Il hiding
place TO many noXious insects, will be
removed, as well rs moss and fungi
which absorb the juices and conscuucnt-
~ hasten tho decay of the tree. The
tlca-bcetlc, better known as the black
bug or turnip-lly, is very destructive to
the seed leaves of turnips, cabJ;lgcs,
caulillOwcr, radiShcS, melons, Gucunl-
bcrS, etc. 1t 10 identical, or nearly so,
with the turnip-lly, (Nolticu n,cmorHml
OF Europe, which commits such ucprc-
dations on the t:rnip fields of Gre;
Britain and ireland, France and Ger
many. These ilca-Drrtlcs lie torpid
during the winter in heaps of rubbish,
under stones, and clcttS of the bark Of
trees, and in cbinkS of walls. They
lay their eggs in the spring, on the
leaves Of the plants on which they feed,
and us soon us they are hatchcd the
young grubs burrow into the leaves,
feeding on them, and forming in them
little cells, in which they unucrgo
their transformations. Several broods
arc produced during the summer, so
there is constant succession OF these
pcst ali through the season. a solution
OF lime has been found very useful in.
preventing the ravagcs Of these insects,
out Il better plan is the pulvcrization
OF the soil, In order to close up all chinks
where they can hide, and the applica-
ZION of abundance of we'll rottcd man
urc, to force the plants into tho rough
leaves, rs, when they reach this stage
OF growth, the bugs leave them to seek
tcndcrcr food, Chickens are very ctli-
cicnt dcstroycrs Of these insects.
GARGEr.-An inquirer asks attention
to tho case Of Jersey hcifcr, which,
previously in excellent health, was
found one evening with udder badly
swollen and quite lcvcrish; refused her
feed OF meal, and gave only three or
four gills Of milk instead of tho usual
liberal mess. Several days treatment
with salts, ointment, poulticcs, ctc., re-
duccd swelling, but the milk in the
three affected quarters of the uddcT
continues thick and creamy, that from
the other tcat is as good as over. She
had no water except morning and night
Oh the way to and from pasture, which
was good and shaded. Should she be
regularly milkcd from all tcats, or dried
restoration after calving? This is Il
clear case of garget, and was induced
by the use Of meal in connection with
going without water during the day.
Had The meal been omitted. or water
been plentitully supplied, the garget
would probably not llayc occurred. 1t
was the pain oCcasioned by the congcs-
ton and swelling which stopped the
How of milk, that occasioncd the loss
OF appetite. AS each quarter of the
udder is disconnected with the others
1t is not strange that one or more quar-
tcrs should be affected and another not.
The treatment was we'll adapted to the
case, the effects OF which will not be
likely to last beyond the next parturi-
tlon, though such eases sometimes do.
There will be no advantage in milking
the three quarters any oftcncr than re-
quired to prevent any increase OF swell
ing and Inflammation. which must be
cautiously guarded against. The milk
ing Of the sound tcnt had better be con-
tinucd It'll near the next time Of COM
ing III. The meal had better be omitted
ana some laxative food like bran or
roots used in It's place, aud Il full supply
OF water will be of the first Importance.
Salt should also be supplied nd libitum.
TO four parts of salt add one of sulphur
and one of unlrachcd wood ashes, if
they are at hand, and ifnot, add a little
pulverizcd saltpctrc in their place. The
diet and treatment should be such rs
to ocountcractany tendency to intiamma-
ton or swelling, otherwise suppurntion
may result, which, when it occurs in
such cases, is o.tcn impossible to heal.
pnnpnDurnS ~, lSY,uur,n >-,, f,,,,,,,,,