The New York herald., 1879-02-28
THE LECTURE SEASON.

CONDITION OF NEW YORK.
The Anthon Memorial Church. in West Forty
eighth street, crowded last night by very
select audience who had assembled to hear Professor
Charles +. Chandler president of the Board of
Health, discuss the health of the city. Sanitary
science" said the Professor, sis not study. In
the Greek and Roman empires it was practised.
There were the great Roman aqueducts, which sup
piled the enormous amount of $50 gallons per head.
while at the present time the amount supplied in
New York reaches only ninety gallons per head.
The had also their Board of Health. with it's
agents every district. whose duty to that
all the sanitary regulations complied with.
In age when it was claimed that sickness and
death penalties of the iniquites of the peo
pie the death rates enormous sanitary science
being held to be antagonstic to religion, so that
precautions taken to prevent the breeding
of disease Prior the adoption of vaccination the
deaths by smallpox amounted to hundred
millions but the rate is exceedingly small
owing the UNIVERSAL of the preventative. We
are at the present time undergoing revival of in
terest in sanitary science, which commenced but
PRODUCTION OF Croton water. increased attention to
sewerage and the system OF sanitary super
vision. In 1865 the sanitary revival wave reached
| New York. and council OF hygiene was formed;
| then rapidly followed the Metropolitan Board of
Health and the Sanitary Code. Under the old regime
| 1t was made penalty of fine and Imprisonment to
refuse to comply with the regulations of the Sanitary
! Council, but now, owing to hasty legislation the
! Board is in a measure poweress to act and can only
| sue any volator OF the sanitary regulations"
''In the process of the manufacture of beer
and wine, and during that period when fermentation
is in progress there deposited upon the substances
| from the atmosphere minute germs of fungi which
! develop with extraordinary rapidity. These are
plant Under the microscope they are not
| only plainly visible, but their positive growth
during the moments of observation is also markedly
| appreciabe. Infectious diseases produced by
bacterial poisoning, aud there is little doubt that
many forms of malady which attack the human
| system their origin to the presence OF these
minute fungus centres@
| The lecturer touched the drainage system
of New York and gave as illustrations some Incl
dents that came under his own observation in the
upper portion of the city. He then gave an idea
OF the proper way cellar should be built in order
that the poisonous gases would be efectually
prevented from entering the houses. His remarks
on the stoves now in use were very practical and
condemnatory He said that instead of having the
damper between the stove and the iue. it is now,
it would be far preferable to have the stove
arranged as to allow of the supply o. air being cut
off by closing the front part of the stove. In the
present system. whore it is necessary to shut off the
draught it cannot be done without causing the gas,
which is generated by the slow combustion OF the
coal and which forms above it in the stove to find it's
way into the room under certain amount of press
ure.
REV. DIR. sToRRs ON POPE GREGORY VII.
Rev. Dr. storrs delivered the second of his series
of eight lectures in the Art Association rooms, Mon
tague street. Brooklyn, choosing his subject Pope
Gregory VII, known also by the Of Hide
brand. He said that he was the Puritan par excel
nce of that Church. in the that he insisted that
its decrees and commandments were paramount to
anything else and that high temporal potenates
as strictly subject to its authority and commands
the lowliest in the land. He addressed himself first
of ALL to the sanctihcaton and publication of the
Church. and set his face rgidly against the appoint
ment of priests and bishops by the secular power.
The ideas of this Pope, if realized, would have made
| those of Napoleon I. appear most insignificant for
while the aimed 1T geographical domination the
other aimed to control the mind of the world. His
great and fundamental principle OF action that
the Church Of Rome never did and never could err.
and nothing stood in the way OF its universal
ton but heretcal and heather obstinacy. The heart
OF the man beat with a warm throb for suffer-
| ing humanity he overfowed with o desire to
elevate the condition of the poor to make education
and benevolence more widespread, to abolish the
practice of smony and to do many other things to
forces TO carry out his purposes, but his moral
strength and courage were so great that the
boldest monarch trembled at his mandates.
| The amazing spectacle was witnessed Of of
slight and feeble physical structure without fleets
or armies, contending steadily to establish system
against which the most powerful princes of Europe
| fought but in despair. 1t was after ALL the fight of
God against the world. the flesh and the
devil. Hildebrand threw himself into this
contest with all his might and main.
and he said. when he was dying In exile in salerno.
that danger never seemed to him cause for submis-
sion. The foodgates of calumny were opened
| against him. He was stigmatized rs an apostatc
| monk who had ruined the epscopacy and been
| guilty of many heinous offences aud he was de-
clared deposed. He answered with a tremendous
reply. and the terrible democracy of his response
made kings and princes trcmble. In short, be coun.
selled the faithful to disobey the orders of the kings
and this frightened the eloquent Bossuet TO lead
within the command Of the Popes. He sim
cere, SAID the speaker. In his primary convictions
to the voice Of the Church and whatever were the
faults of Hldebrand IL can never be said that he
sacrificed good of his Church to personal or pol
| ical motives. The system which lie advanced and
developed did not die with him. He might be said
to have broken the curtain OF darkness that hung
the times in which he lived, and to have given
| the Church Of which he disting guished
champion newer and brighter careor.
MUSIC AS NATURAL SCIENCE.
Rev. N. T.. Cornwall. ID. d., delivered u lecture on
the Perfection of Music . Natural Science at the
hall of Rutgers College. He considered music chiefly
in its relation to other subjects which familiar
to an intelligent audience. The lecturer avoided
technical terms except such are we'll un-
derstood by all be easily explained.
Music he said, is at once a perfect and sublime
science and very effective. powerful art. In this
twofold character is preemnent above every other
! form of kno wledge and culture In music science
and art most intimately combined-ilmost in
separately united. There other form OF knowl-
edge and culture in which art clearly
|
principles OF its corrcative science; the science
with which IL Is directly connected. and on
which it chiefly depends The wonderful effects
OF music frequently regarded by enthusiastic
lovers Of its sweet sounds almost chance result
! OF some magical motion Of skilful hands upon the
strings or keys of one instrument another, or Of
some magical power in the vocal organs of singers
pouring forth melodious strains, cheering, refresh
| Ing and soothing. Thus too frequently is "the
sphere descended maid regarded only the ''frend
OF pleasure. and not in the other graphite phrase
that true genius, the fervid poet, Collins, also
"wsdon's aid"
| Dr. Cornwall then began q dissertation upon har-
monc tones. Every good organist. he said, always
remembers, IL other musicians fail to learn this
great Leading fact In the natural science Of music
that the fundamental tone Ia essential 20 any
proper combination of the secondary har-
monies produced from two or more OF the
harmonic tones played in concord. Now, such
combinations are always made In the music of
| organ when any of the mixture stops drawn.
I Real harmony in music and IN everything is simply
fitness, strict conformity to truth and fundamental
| principles. This is ever essential to good music.