The New York herald., 1879-10-24
SCIENTIFIC NICETIES.
Microscopic Tests Of Arsenic in
the Hayden Trial
DEMONSTRATIONS BY AN EXPERT.
identifying the Poison Found in Mary
~ Stannards Stomach.
NEW HAVEN, Oct. %. 1879.

NEW HAVEN. Oct %. 1879.
In the Hayden murder trial another day has been
occupied with strictly expert testimony. Professor
Dana. Of Yale College. has given OF testimony
which, for and preciseness Of detail is praised
In the highest terms by the scientific gentlemen who
were present Recognizing the fact that the defence
will crossexamine severely he has evidently aimed to
make his story complete in every particular and he
fortified himself we'll against possible slips OF mem
ory by referring constantly to memorandum books.
His testimony is not only of great scientific interest
but of importance as supporting the count in the
Indictment charging Hayden with having admins
tered to the girl the ninety grains of arsenic found
in her stomach.
The attendance large and there full repre-
sentaions from Yale College and medical and other
professional circles of this city.
POWERS OF THE MICROSCOPE.
Professor Dana repeated his statement Of ycster-
day that by the microscope he could detect the diff
fersnce between the particles Of different lots Of
manufactured arsenic and also between ground and
unground arsenic. In tho latter. although the par
ticles might be small. they would be perfect
crystals while in the former most of the crystals
would be broken. When visiting the Tavestock
works last summer Professor Dana obtained from
packages ten samples Of arsenic ready for sae
prepared at different periods extending from 1870 to
1879. smile passed the faces Of some in tho
court room when the Professor. in making this
statement, carefully avoided rock upon which the
defence nearly succeeded in wrecking Professor
johnson yesterday They had tried to got some ad-
mission that he might have intermingled in some
way the contents OF OF the packages of arsenic
sent him expert. Dana, apprehending some
such question by the Defence stated with great par
tcularity that in getting his samples he opened but
one package at time took the sample. and wrapped
both package and sample before proceeding to the
next Continuing. he said:-
Elm examining these samples they were put on
microscopic slides and placed under microscope
masnifying them two hundred times. There is
readily distinguishable difference between tho parti
cles Of some of them. although there q general
simlsrity-that is. they agreed in containing q
siderable proportion. never less than one-haf. Of
minute but perfect octohedron crystals. and
tanning also irregular broken fragments varying in
size. was confident by these experiments that
could separate from the other easily. depending
mainly the distinctions between them fur
nished by the proportion Of crystals with
crushed particles. respectively. I convinced
that there was real and distingushabe
difference between tho products Of mandatory at
different times. also received from the livestock
Works last April two packages. and in January last
-
This marked 'Drayton' Ut camo from the Tav-
estock Works., and resembled in its general nature
samples obtained by me from the works."
THEORY AND OBSERVATION.
"Wby should there be any diHersnce in the crys-
tails or particlesY
II can give my theory I know they exist. but
it would take year OF experimenting to obtain
MI. watrous flor the defence}-I must object to
b as s sood ms hays Ss
suits of tho examination OF the specimens he has
had and not attempt to 80 into the causes Of those
results
Judge Harrison (for the State)-H mere specula-
tion the State will claim nothing But we can show
observe xt Tavestock that some OF the specimens
furnished octohedral crystals!
..Did others furnish crushed massesi
"will tho size OF the crystals depend upon tho
rapidity with which they are formedY'
Eyes. it is we'll received fact in chemistry that
crystals. whether formed like those of sugar from
the of white arsenic. the size of the crystals
will depend largely upon the rapidity of formation.
And have often observed myself in making miner
illogical tests for arsenic that when regulated the
temperature 80 that the crystals were formed slowly
they were larger than when formed very rapidly.
do not state that this is the only determining
the sze but it = very prominent At Tave-
stock the arsenic I saw ground was mostly coarse
powder. with some Jumps of crystallized matter.
Tho crystals varied In size.
Judge Harrison tin a gratifed tone)-Now. Mr..
Watrous these answers cover the points to which
Profess sor Dana to be an expert.
Mr.. Watrous-Well well you needn't chuckie over
1t.
Judge Harrison-Now. Professor Dana, would
senic from several manufactures all have distinctive
characteristics?
IL think it probable, but do not regard my obser-
vatons sufficiently extended to prove it fully.
have in my possession. however, four samples-the
Dayton Garland Welsh and Dragon brands.
These dissimilar that could separate
hundred samples by the microscope. instantly and
without possibility OF mistake. The Garland or
glass arsenic comes in Jumps and not being obtained
by rystazation would show crystals after being
pulverzcd. have examined q sample and IL has NO
cry stalls, IL presents the appearance OF dust.
THE M'KEE ARSENIC.
Gould you tell. under the microscope. whether
ground arsenic came from largo crystals wholly
puvcrizedY
II would not be willing to swear positively, but
from the examination OF other samples in which
there present considerable number of conf
pcte unbroken stalls would be perfectly certain
that these last were not produced from the grinding
of such lump arsenic rs saw manufactured at the
Garland works. In December. 1873. received from
Professor White, of this city, small quantity of
arsenic; January 16 1879, "a second sample. and two
days later third. Professor Johnson also delivered
other samples to me. all of which labelled. In
cluding five grains of tho Hayden barn arsenic
and Mckee arsenic so called because pur-
chased at Mckee's drug store in Middetown, by
Deputy Sheriff Hull
The label ON this has the usual sign of poison tho
death head and bo.es, and 1t presents this ap
pearance:-
POISONl
! Cut OF skull aud ARsKSIc-ANrDorK,
Lime water In copious draughts<
! cross bones Emeties of suiphide of Zinc, :
: fiaxseed Tea Infusion OF
slippery Elm.
McKxs, DRUGGIST.