, 1879-03-01
ECONOMIC STATISTICS.
Railways, Merchant Marine, Te!ogsaphs,
BnsI poHtnl Service.
Fpput1r .yeifncS Hunthty,

ltailways, NIerchant-N1arino, Te!ographs,
md Tt,ntnl Service.
uBHtdr !Sclfncs Gonthfy.
A general review OF tic economic statistics Of
the world In 1877 Is published by Prof. Ncu-
maun spallaFt. OF Vienna; from 1t VIC take the
following statements:
ItaHraW.--ln tl.c last three decades the net
work Of European railways has risen from 1000
komctess (5,5s0 milcs) in ,s47 to 154,ssOo ktlo.
mcters* {05, ,10l rileBl In 1877. Or these l5i,.
2D0 kilouctcrs 1880 arc IN Great Britain md
Ireland, 2i,S00 In Austro-liungary M,40O In
France, 1900 iu Russia. $4,000 In Germany.
The remainder Is distributed among tho smaller
States. According TO these Qgurcs Europe hes
100 kllomcters Of railway for cacf thousand
sQ,lnru kil0mctcss, and 4.0 kilometres per 10, 900
inhabitants. These ratios are exceeded Ia
Belgium, Great Britain and Irclund, swilzcr.
land, tbs Netherlands, atc+
4lnser.ca.-ln 1870 tilp United States had ~
kiluu,ctcrs of rntlway; now they have 1e5, ,000
kl0mctcrs GO, 3jU milesl, ur lE3 k.lolnetera for
every ,0tN SQUARE RIlometerB Of surface, aud 28
kl0mcturs per 10,Ou0 inhabitants. III the re-
a4er Ct ,s continent ~ sn sre Es o
In 1nlla uni Ccylon there aru II .001 k!lo-
metrrs, u. DO kitonuteEs per l.000 squaro ktlo-
mctcrs OF area u,nl Il ktlonictor psr 10000 III.
habItants. II AtElca there are = 500 klloueters,
New zcaln.nl possrss 900 klonetcrs Ut RAILWAY.
On I'LL thcso RAILWAYS nte employed B4,0O
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, 1000 passenger carriages,
AMI 1,hoptoo trcis ht-cars; they. annually carry
l,l5o ,OD passengers, and 6,0o0,0oo,0 ,00o
quarters ot freight.
.Huriue.--llle merchant marine of Europe
embraces In all 7,l01 ocean steamships with a
tonnage of ., ,003, ,OD0 tons, of which totals the
United Kingdom contributes 6,409 steamships
IHtJr1tAs.-At the beginning Of lS77 E1foPe
lad ISL ,00o kiomGters OF telegraph, lines, where
nf IL, O3O belonged 10 ]sussa, s., QUO 10 France,
IL, 3,u0U to Germany, 10000 III tho uuitet ktHg-
dom. America Fad then $4,000 ktlnluotcss.
Thu dispatches sent over Eurupcau aIues nllil-
bprcd 64.UDUt100 In 1876; those sent nyer Tic
American lines amounted to a3,0o0.000. Asia
n.ll Australia iayu eAGh Ha, a,000 to ~, COO ktlo.
meters, Transmitting S 70, oey d'spa::i'eg: II
cxcIualye'y tn Egypt, AlGlcEs. aud Tnhts, and
this number Ut dispatches sent Is l,.N, ,0N.
There aru bI0 srttnarlnn cahfes, representing a
total length Of rs, ,O01 nautical miles.
I'osfa! .Struict.-Tlln postal sAEvlce now ex.
tends to tIe uttcr1uust bounds ot civilization,
embracing lhs whole globe, from usmlarrlest
III Europe over ,ooo ooo 900 letters md postal.
cards are carried yeurly. lu this sutal the United
Ncr,nanY by 'U0.0o0, 100, Francs by 800, ,00o, ,GAo,
Austro-ilun.ary BY U0 900 600, llalY By IL, ,000,
0D0. Thls, would giys ENGLAND III letters PER
head Ut tl'a population; for Swltzerlanl " !;
Germany, Is; France, III. Turkey figures fnr
ouIy o. uf u letter PER eapita. Iu America tho
nutnbcr II lUltera anL postal-cnrls talrsled was
7uO 0tO 900; IN As!a, Isl, ,001 GoO; Ia Australia,
bu,o0O,0 000; Ia Africa, a5,oN, ,oV.
sOns kt}orsier Ia af,ort >: NJ a mi1n