The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1879-01-02
Leading Varieties Of Cotton.

i'i,v,r arc imo general c';. Ilcations Of
the cotton raised in the .init.d States.
long staplcd and short staplcd. OF the
former, the best is the sea island cotton
Of Hi, country. The cultivation Of the
sea island, also known rs the tree cotton,
is local, and the amount produced ~
compared with up.and or green seed is
bIi small. 1t Will not flourish III dis.
tance from the sea. hence lis growth is
limited TO districts along the shores Of
South Carolina, Georgia, Florida and
Texas. The most f,vurlc point for its
cultivation is I;di-to Island, On the c0ast
Of South Carolina, sDril, oi' Charleston
The average yield per acre is little more
than half that ofthe upland, but it il the
finest cotton grown in this country and
Consequently coInnaud, the grea!c.t
price. I,s staple or illamcn, j. long, sill
ken and delicate. The height Of the
plant varies from two to six feet As,
even with the Application of fertilizers,
the average yicli of-ca island cotton il
not much more than ha!fli average Of
| upland crttrn, 10 pay ns we'll ~ Il" short
staple !. must obtain double Tie price per
po:::i. Since 1920 the price h;t:, greatly
advanced 50 that This long staple cotton
has Ofcn commanded quadruplc the
market value OF ordinary staple. Care
ful experiments have proven that, to
keep up The standard Of lea island cotton
manure, rich in pliosphatcs, rich in pot.
ash, aud having considerable amount
of sul p!Iurc acid, must be freely employ
ed. dressing composed of wcll-rott
cotton seed mixed with tie cxcrcments
of domestic animals, when used in suili-
Gent quantities, supple, the required cl-
cncn.-. or fertilizers not directly the
product OF ,li. soil. Peruvian .uano, bone
dust dissolved in >ulphuric acid and the
various rcluss OF manufactures rich in
potash are numbered with ihc hest Sea
island cotton il cultivated in very much
the same manners rs upland, except that
more reliance is placed upon The noe and
less upon the plough. Much moro care
is observed in picking, ginning and mark
citing the long stap.e than with the orai-
nary upland. In gathering from the
fields ii Is kept free from trash and stains,
and is transferred 1T once tn the drying
scailuld, where il is sorted before pnck ing
away in the cotton-hou-c. The ginning,
if possible, is done in dry weather, when
the cotton IS again summed and picked
over; any that has been left unpickcd un-
Ill after rains is run through n tkreshcr To
free it from sand and louse dirt.
The upland. known rs short staple. *
of Mexican or West India origin and hn.
received the name of upland 20 designate
81 from Tie product nj tie ,Sian- and low
district, near the shore. II constitutes
the great bulk of the crop of the United
States. The improvement Of this variety
has not only enabled quite n number Of
prominent aud cn,crpri-ing planters to
realize large fortunes but has resulted in
choice developments. Among the very
first OF these was the wcll-knOwn 'retit
Gulf" which III turn has produced some
excellent varieties. These and other i'm
proved varieties, the seed of which are
from time to time and whose
merits are loudly praised, arc but the
product of common kinds, grown in fn-
best portion of the cotp on belt. The gen.
erons use of tcrtilize- lch in phosphates
has not II little to dc ! the improvement
the upland rs well rs Of the sea island
it is much employed in combination with
cipnl constituent OF the plant, rs, inr in
stance, lime. The eject of the one is to
the fbrous growth of the plant
and give il size Of the other To increase
its produc,ivene,s by charging the size
of the seeds, increasing their vigor and
thus producing Il long and finely colored
staple. Cullivators generally agree that
all fertilizers are productive of best re-
suits when applied carly in the season
and well Incorporated in the soil by
the plough and the harrow.