davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-07-09

The wear and tear of business life makes such
tremendous drafts upon body and mind that with
out recourse to some sustaining agent they must
give way under the pressure To those who are
breaking down wasting away from general de-
bility affections of the liver, stomach and the
kidneys, systematic course of the BitterS will so
reinforce the vital functions to battle all the
Saults of disease and restore the system to its
WOnted health.
For sale by all Druggists and respectable Dealers
generally.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-07-09

MASON & HhmL.N CABINET ORGANS.
Dsmo5as-~~tsd best ~ BI..H EST AONORs AT All
WOR!4L 8 ExFOS ITlONS FOR Tw ELVE YXARS
VIZ: at Paris 1851; Vienna 1873; Santiago 1885, Phil
adslphia 1875: Paris, i878 and Grand Swedish Colo
Medal, 1878. Only American Organs svor awarded
siRhest honors at any such Sodfor cash INSTALL
ments Illustrated Catalogues and Circulars with
aew styles and prices, sent free MASON 4 HAMxIn
ORGAN Co.. Boston. New York, or Chicago,
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1879-07-09

A good story is told in Edinburgh
about that genial Grecian, Prot. Blackie.
One day, shortly before the close of the
late session, the professor being through
some cause prevented from lecturing,
there was posted on the Greek class
room door notice to this effect: Pro
fessor Blackie regrets he is unable to-
day to meet his classes" A waggish
student, spying this, scraped out the
initial letter of the last word Of the SEN
tence, and made it appear as if the
professor was regretful at his inability
to meet those fair specimens of human
ity familiary known outside the college
quadrangle as the classes" But who
can joke with Blackie? The keen-eyed
old man noticing the prank that had
been played on MIN, quietly erased an
other letter, and left the following to be
read by whom it might concern; Pro-
lessor Blackie regrets he is unable to-day
to meet his assesp
Rocky Mountain husbandman., 1879-10-09
WHAT THE FARM SHOULD BE.

The farm should be not merely place
where men subsist and rear families, SAYS
the Connecticut Farmer, in the strictest
economy, starving the soul to add few
more acres to the fifty or hundred already
obtained, and which in reality are not thor
oughly cultivated-but home, speaking OF
plenty, home rich in attractions, build
ings we'll kept, shade and ornamental tees,
lawns with walks and Towering shrubs,
not forgetting tile furnished parlor aid IL
brary. The newspaper, magazine, pi,tures
and music, poets and history shoJld be
here. True, the farmers home is of heces-
sity busy place, but it should not be all
kitchen and dairy, not all scytie andplow,
not all an endless routine OF treadnhll du-
ties, but where the farmer and his wife
could find some time each day to minge
with books and in conversation. Away
from the hustle and the clatter of the town,
it should be the place to grow large il judg-
ment and fine in taste. One of tie most
hopeful indications OF progress is th posi-
tion occupied by farmers, and the growing
aspect manifest toward them. For practi-
cal, moral, and nsthetical culture, farmers
children have superior advantage.
The hills and forests, with their brooks
and rocks, afford ample faciltiesfor the
study Of botany, geology and nature histo-
Rocky Mountain husbandman., 1879-10-09

ry. Nowhere are the heavens so broad. or do
The consultations offer greater attractions
TO the would-be astronomer than upon the
nil tops in summer, or when under the
beautiful snow the earth lies buried at our
feet. That these opportunities are appre-
clated is seen in the demand for agricultu-
raj colleges in all our states. 1t is not to
De lamented that all the graduates of these
colleges do not 60 back to the farm upon
which they were reared. Many of them be-
come manufacturers, merchants, LAWYERS.
doctors and ministers, carrying into the
town the practical good sense and thrift
that purifies, and into rural districts with
profession, or mercantile business, inspra-
ton to active social intercourse that over
comes reserve. So each year the distance
between town and rural life is lesseninp.
the one getting more the scent of the clo-
YER, the fields, and the pure air which
plays around the mountain top, the other
more of the culture and refinement of the
city.
Rocky Mountain husbandman., 1879-10-09
AG RICU l 7 7 RAJ.
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR

THE large turnout Of stockmen and farm.
ers at the Territorial fair last week, and the
activity in buying and selling stock, indi-
cate that the yeomanry Of Montana are in a
flourishing condition. Stockmen are flush
with proceeds of their stock sales, and farm
ers are buoyed up by the large yield of their
fields and the good prices being obtained
on most Of their products. Butter, cheese.
eggs, and most other products, except
wheat, are going of at remunerative fig
ures, and the people generally are feeling
good. A more healthy state of affairs have
not existed among these branches of indus
try since the settlement of Montana. This
betokens great life and activity in the coun-
try for the next year. The building of
dwellings. barns, sheds, fences, improving
new places, and beautifying of old ones,
will be carried on to a greater extent than
ever.
Rocky Mountain husbandman., 1879-10-09
RUNNIN G TO WHEAT.

1t seems pretty sure that western farmers
have become crazy over wheat. Three con-
secutive full crops have been raised, and
European necessities have called for the
surplus at good prices. Last fall there was
q greater area Of winter wheat sown in the
west than ever before. The winter was all
that could have been desired. In very many
instances the crop grew right along under
the snow. This snow melted gradually,
and was absorbed by the earth. The spring
generally was dry, the crop grew right
along, and the spring was altogether favor
able for seeding to spring wheat; succeed
ing weather was also favorable, both for al,-
tumn sown grain, and for spring sown grain
rather dry for oats and barley, but not 90
much so, Notwithstanding the fears of many
as to seriously cause even these grains to
shrink materially. For winter wheat, the
weather could not have been better, and
timely rains saved the spring wheat crops,
and caused other cereal grains to give fair
yield. The consequence is that the winter
wheat crop has been fully equal, over i'm
mense areas OF the west, to that OF the most
favored countries, where the most careful
cultivation is given. Older countries main
tain fertility by thorough drainage, the
most careful cultivation and extensive ma
nuring. both by application OF barn yard
manure and compost, and commercial fer
tilizers. In new countries wheat is natu-
rally the first crop raised. The sod is espe-
cially adapted to the crop. The soil is new,
and the crop harvested always sells for
cash. 1t is also one of those crops that will
on account of the price it brings, bear trans
portation for longer distances than most
others. Hence it is not strange, in all new
countries, that wheat should be extensively
as the first three or four crops to be taken
from the ground.
We do not believe in the cry that the cul-
tivatinn of wheat or any of the other crops
will in few years destroy the fertility of
the west. the northwest ard the southwest.
There is too much inherent fertility in its
Rocky Mountain husbandman., 1879-10-09


proper rotation it will continue to produce
indefinitely as to the more fertile regions,
rs it has for the last 40 years. If run to one
particular crop, the end of course must be
deterioration, as to that crop, and the land
must then have rest and manure.
What we set out to say, however. was
that the good crops of wheat for the last
three years would have the effect to cause
farmers to go wheat crazy. There were in
dications tending that way last season. The
great crop this year has intensified this
feeling, and we have information from all
over the west that much larger crop will
be sown this fall, even than last season.
The soil as a rule is in excellent condition
to prepare for wheat, even on land general
ly not considered adapted to the crop. Soils
usually too wet for the crop are now dry.
The fear is that much wheat will be sown
on such land that can only end in failure,
unless we have winter and succeeding
spring quite as remarkable as the last This
can hardly be expected Our advice, then,
to all who are proposing to SOW wheat this
season is to consider the situation carefully.
do not SOW on soil that has been s'run to
wheat and above all do not sow on land
wet, or that is liable to heave. The farmer
is considered to know the special require
ments for each crop he cutivates. and their
adaptability to certain soils. If this be
granted, still the hope OF luck in connection
with the season often goes great way in
inducing the individual to SOW crop on
land not altogether sure. To all such we
say, hold on, and calculate the probabilities
of success in connection with the means at
hand.
Had 1t not been for the disastrous failure
in European crops this season, with the
enormous crops here, wheat would have
been glut, and would have sold at prices
scarcely remunerative to the raiser in areas
far distant from tide water. AS it is. the
probable advance in freights will tend Sc
riously to reduce the profits on all grain not
yet marketed. The probabilities are that
wheat will continue to bear a good price
next spring. There is no reason why it
should not. With another full crop year in
Europe prices must fall. The farmer there
fore, who increases the area of wheat sown.
must do so expecting to take the chances Of
the market to sell or to hold To those out|
OF debt, wheat is good crop to hold if1
prices should be low, but it may not bea
good crop to sow this season on land nit
adapted to it.-Prairie Farmer.
Rocky Mountain husbandman., 1879-10-09
NAKED FALLoWs.

| FalloWing land is wastefnl practice ex-
c,pt tor the purpose Of cleaning foul land
BY ridding it of weeds. SO when a fallow is
r'sorted to for this purpose, as soon as
weeds fail to cover the soil, it shauld be
seeded to some crop that will cover and
shade the soil. The old time naked fallow,
isadvocated only by that class of farmers
who do not believe in progress or that this
generation know more than the last. It was
we'll enough for the ancients with their
| slack system of cultivation to advocate
mixed fallow, and those who cling to the
notion that naked fallow is the most eco
nomical way to renovate an ill-tilled field,
may take many good lessons il they would
from progressive agriculture. But they
IWiii not. They don't believe in ..book
ltarrln'." A green fallow is undoubtedly
Ia good thing to worn land. The plowing
|aisintegrates the soil and renders it mellow.
The crop sown to be subsequently turned
Under, shades the land and facilitates the
brmation of nitrous elements, one of the
most valuable to the soil, and the crop
whatever it may be. when turned under,
lcts both mechanically and chemically. Me
chanically in mellowing and disintegrating
the soil through the vegetable matter con-
tained, and chemically in reaction from the
decay Of the organic matter. Our best
farmers do not now believe in the naked
fallow. They cannot afford to allow land
to be idle SO long as is required, especially
since they have found as rule that this
naked fallow is absolutely detrimental to
the soil. If the soil must be cleaned of
weeds they supplement this growth with
something to shade the ground as densely
as possible. They substitute rotation in
which grass and clover forms an important
integer from its well know renovating pow
er. They save every shovel full of manure
possible, to assist the fertility of the soil,
and above all read such agricultural jour
nails as reach most comprehensiyely and
practically, new facts in agricultural pro-
gress that are weekly being made apparent.
Thus while reaching maximum crops they
get them ata minimum expense, and are
not under the necessity of summer fallow-
lhS' AHCy nave louHu tldC cleaH kepC
field of corn is good preparation tor wheat
as we'll as that the stalks are protection in
winter. They have found that clover ley
will bring back a soil to granular consist
ence, so to speak, that has by bad cultiva-
ton been allowed to run together. In fact
they have found ont many things by read
ing and observation in advance of their old
togy neighbors, who do not believe in ''tak-
ing time by the forelock." but depend upon
their more progressive neighbors.
but not until they have reaped the benefit OF
their careful reading and superior tact
They still cling, however, to the old time
naked faliow, simply because their fathers
believed in it. The wise men know better.
-Pratrie Farmer.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13

Various matters were involved in the
Connecticut town elections on Tuesday,
the chief being sundry proposed amend
ments to the Constitution and the Liquor
license law. The returns show that the
people have refused to reduce the meet
ings of the Legislature to biennial ses-
sions have decided not to make the
terms of Supreme Judge for life, and
have voted in favor of licensing liquor
selling wherever this latter question has
been submitted to them. The only phase
of this election which will excite much
comment outside of the State is that
which relates to the Legislative sessions.
If any State. before Connecticut, has
voted TO continue annual sessions of its
Legislature, such action has escaped
general observation. 1t has been left
for Connecticut, one of the smallest States
In the Union, to affirm by popular vote
that the people cannot be well governed
unless the Legislature assemblies once q
year to make new laws and repeal ole
laws. This is what the election signi
fes. though the necessities of small-fry
politicians and the clamors of Hartford
boarding hOuse-keepers may have hac
some remote influence in the determine
ton of the question.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13

AS bearing on the fitness of the nation
al bank currency to adapt itself to the
necessities Of the business. community,
the report of the Controller of the Cur
rency as to the changes in the circula-
ting notes of the banks this year up to
October l, is interesting. The average
increase in the amount of notes for the
past eleven months has been rather more
than $l,000,0O0 per month. but the
distribution of the increase is worthy
Of notice. For three months previous
to February, and for four months previ-
Gus to September /, the amount issued
was much below the average. During
the Spring months it rose to S4,748. O6l,
and during last month alone the increase
was S3.4S0.973. When we recall that
between January IA. 1875, aud Noyem.
Der /. 1877. the circulation decreased
S30,000.000. that it then advanced
within the next year about S4.000,O00
and within the past eleven months i
has been still further increased by ovel
slL0O0,000. the Hexibility of this cur
rency is evident, while its actual value
now that redemption has taken place. i
constant Such currency is indefinite
ly better than one of rigid limits. or on
changed according to the caprices 0
Congress.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13
THE EXODUS.

The exodus of the negroes from the
South still continues and extends
throughout the entire section. Over
one hundred respectable colored citizens
of'North Carolina have sent an agent to
Washington to obtain aid of the National
Emigrant Aid Society to move to some
of the Western states. They complain
that they suffer serious hardships from
state laws which virtually keep them in
bondage. The common road law
requires every man in the counties
between the ages of eighteen and forty
five to work on the roads not less than
ten days each year and as many more
as the county supervisors may require.
This work is nearly all put upon the
colored people. The"landlord and ten
ant act requires that the farm rent
shall be paid in advance of the sale OF
consumption of the crop, and causes
great hardship. The mortgage system
is used to Cypress them. Colored farm
laborers get only six dollars month OF
which to support their families, ant
there is very little to induce them t
remain In the land of their former bon
dage. Whether they can improv
their condition by removing north is, o
course, problematical, but that they ca
be in any worse situation than they nov
are may well be doubted. There ar
several classes of slavery. and it is some
thing of question whether the las
bondage" of the negro of the Sout
is not fully equal to that of ante-wa
times.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13

1t is much to the credit of the Adj
ministration that it is making resolute
effort to break up the pernicious and
swindllng lottery business. The Havana.
Kentucky and Louisiana lotteries have
done thriving business all through the
country for years, and hardly an effort
has been made by any authorities to
break up the illegal and nefarious husl-
ness. The post.ofice authorities now
propose to close the mails entirely against
the business, whether letters are ad-
dressed to proprietors or agents of lot
teries. The authorities should 60 one
step further.s Close the mails against
any newspapers that advertise lotteries.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13
WHAT KIND OF HORSES SHOULD
OUR FARMERS RAISEf

Editor of the Monitor.-I noticed in
your last issue q short article to the
effect that an important market was
opening up abroad for American horses.
and the necessity of united efforts in our
country. in breeding such class of
horses as are in most demand. And l
want to inquire of the farmers of Orleans
County what class of horses this foreign
market (or for that matter we might also
include our home marketl calls for? Is
it the long-necked. long-backed. long
legged, thin-chested animal, that the
Vermont horses have been degenerating
into for the last 20 years? Do you think
you could sell one of these animals to
buyer for the foreign market ? Not
muchly. They want horses for service,
for horse railways. for military purposes;
good square built, muscular horses
horses that cannot 60 SO far in day
that it will take two days to get them
back. And how is it at home? What
did you see in Forepaugh's troop of 100
horses? What do you find in our cities
and large business towns, hitched to the
drays and trucks, the express wagons
the job wagons. omnibuses and horse
cars, mail-wagons and coaches. and in
the west on the plows. the reapers and
mowers, the threshers and all kinds of
farm work done with horses, do you find
any of these long-necked. spindle,shank
ed animals Not one. if they can get
anything else. 1t is a fact that our
farmers and horse breeder ought to un-
derstand, that 10000 horses are wanted
the world over for business, for work,
good, strong, servlceable, full-chested
horses. | say 10000 of these are want
ed, where one is wanted for the track
and yet with this fact before their eyes
every day, our farmers, since the advent
of horse racing in Vermont, have beer
breeding horses for speed rather than
work, and the result is that not more
than one in hundred of the colts raised
is even threatened with speed. and the
ninety-nine are not speedy, and with few
exceptions are not fit for anything else
making the assertion true, that Vernon
horses have degenerated from % to 81
per cent. in the last twenty years
Twenty years ago, when the horse buye
wanted horses for business. for work, b,
could find the Morgans, the Billy Root
in every good farmers stable, and 70
something little more stylish, for mic
turnouts and carriage driving he coul,
find the Messenger breed which for styl
never has been beaten in Vermont, an,
there was always ready sale at renu
lucrative prices for those breeds of horses
J and now the largest buyers for Bosto
market. say that not one in twenty-iv
of the horses now raised here is wante
: in Boston at any price. and the reason
f Just this, that our farmers are not rails
ing the right kind of horses, there ar
. more horses used than there were twent
| FIVE years ago. and yet Vermont don
send to market 10 per cent. of the hors
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13

A new and proper military order re-
quires all candidates for admission to
the military school at West Point to
"take the pledge" as follows: lst. A
denial that they had ever been engaged
in, or gave aid and comfort to, the re-
bellion. I'd. To explain fully the nature
of the obligation taken on becoming a
cadet. Sd. A denial of belief In the
right of State to secede from the union.
4th. Promising to hold allegiance to the
government as paramount in case of a
rupture between it and any of the States.
9th. Promising obedience to the orders Of
the President and COMMANDMENTS chief in
event of war, or the attempt of any
State to withdraw from the union.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13
STATE NEWS ITEMS.

Willie Parker of Ely was fatally hurt
on Friday by falling from a car run
ing into the local copper mine.
The receipts at the Custom House at
st. Adams. during the month of Sept.
amounted to $4,000.
Ten thousand bushels of wheat passed
through St. Adams Tuesday. from Cana
da to Boston. for expectation to Liver
pool. And this is but a beginning.
The effort to enforce the prohibitory
law is causing hegira of prominent liq-
uor dealers to adjoining states. Over
three hundred and fifty dealers have
been indicted in Rutland county alone.
The regular October term of the Uni
ted States circuit court and district
court commences at Rutland this week.
This is grand jury term, and considera-
bic important business will be disposed of.
Some of those summoned as witnesses
in the liquor suits in Windham county
were summoned the second time for not
obeying the first summons, and were
fined SIS each and costs, amounting to
about $25 each.
Early Monday morning Miss Edith
B. Maynard. daughter of S. B. MAYNARD
of West Enosburgh. aged only seventeen
years, committed suicide by hanging
No cause is assigned for the act save,
perhaps, that of i'll health.
Hon. Frederick Billings Of Woodstock
has been reelected president of the
Northern Pacific railroad. B. P. Cheney
of Boston, at the head of Cheney's
express. was re. elected director in the
company. Neither selection could be
! bettered.
J. B. Woodland, NJ. D.. one of thu
most esteemed and we'll known physi
clans of the allopathy school at Montpe
lier, VT, died on Saturday night from
blood poison. arising from virus getting
into cut upon his hand while amputa
ting patients limb some three week.
ago. DIR. Woodward was examining
! physician of Capitol lodge. knights o
Honor, No. OH; also surgeon of pos
Brooks. Grand Army of the Republic
and member of the board of cxamin
ing physicians in pension claims il
Montpelier. His age was ffty-fve
He leaves a wife and daughter. Hi
death is greatly regretted by the entir
community.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13

The reports for last week show a slight
increase IN une numuer OF new cases OF
fever at Memphis. but a considerable
diminution in the number of deaths. The
statistics are as follows: Number of new
cases reported for the week, 69-whites
39, colored 80 total reported to date,
1,347. Total deaths from yellow fever
inside the city for the week, 20; total
deaths to date, 4o3. On Sunday six
cases were repOrted-6ve whites and one
colored. The thermometer was ranging
between 81 and 90 degrees.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1879-10-13

The Treasury Department announces
that all the accounts with depository
banks, discussing officers, postmasters
and other officers for the proceeds of 4
per cent. bonds have been closed without
the loss of dollar. All the proceeds
have been paid into the Treasury except
the called bonds and coupons now in
transit from London. The amount of
called bonds outstanding not yet pre-
sented for payment is S2S.97l,800, all
of which bonds are provided for by cash
in the Treasury, except S676.050, for
which an equal amount of 4 per cent.
bonds is retained. The aggregate of A
per cent. bonds sold is s74O,S47,95O.