The Red Cloud chief., 1879-10-09
Science and Industry.

The Paterson On. j. locomotive
works are very busy, having contracts
on hand for South and Central America
rs well as American roads.
The largest cog-whecl ever made in
Paterson, n. j., has just been finished
AT the Watson Works. Ii is of iron, 20
feet in diameter, the periphery 10 inches
wide, and il weighs l. tons. Ii Is de
signed for a sugar factory in Cuba, and
is TO be used for crushing cane. 1t will
make only two and a half revolutions
per minute.
The President of the Norfolk Oys-
ter-packing Association says that 5000
900 bushels of oysters will he taken from
Virginia waters this year, and more than
one-third of these will be handled by the
packers of Norfolk and Portsmouth.
The average value of the oysters is 30
cents a bushel, making the oyster trade
of Norfolk something like S350,oO0 Il
year. The business has been built up
since the War, andi is steadily increasing.
The work of laying the pipes for the
new system of heating is going OF rap
idly i'm Troy, n. Y, the contractor eN-
pecting TO have them all down by the
middle of September. BY the middle of
August the company had over 800 sub
scribers booked. According to the Bud
get, the estimated costo of fitting
story brick house with necessary piping
and radiators was about $500, and the
expense of heating such house by steam,
using all required, day and night, will
not exceed $40 per year.
To-day there are 7,000,0 900 barrels,
of 40 gallons each, of crude petroleum
above ground in the oil regions. This
vast amoun of heat and light is going a
begging at 60 cents a barrel, and every
hour adds to this ocean of oil, and in
spite of the enormous consumption the
stock accumulateS. Every new use To
which petroleum is applied possesses in
tereSt TO producers, and that day when
crude oil will take the place of coal for
steam producing purposes is considered
not far distant. Experiments have been
made in this respect, with Il small
steamship, with the best results, and as
thus burned no smoke or odor is appar-
ent.
The new industry of getting and
shipping pine tags, or pine straw, as
lutN are CollillollN cdlltU, SINS
the Wilmington (N. CD Star, is gradu-
ally assuming proportions, the article
being baled ready for shipment faster
than freight room can be found for it in
New York steamers, TO which place, we
believe, all the shipments are made from
here. Further South, from Pensacola,
Fla, for instance, it is shipped to West
ern cities, in considerable quantities. In
those places it undergoes a steaming
process, by which the straw is converted
into a fieecy fiber which is used for stuff
fling mattresses, cushions, etc.
There is no real economy in buying
ready made underclothing of poor
quality. The cotton soon wears IL
and is more easily discolored in the
wash. Its cheapness is often attractive,
but in the end it will prove expensive.
Neither is it economical to purchase
cheap cottOns or calicoes to be made up
in the family. The highest priced viii
always prove the cheapest; for there
are Just as many stitches needful to
make up a five-cent cotton cloth or cali
co as eight or ten-cent goods, and the
latter Will wear twice as long as the
former. 1t is poor economy to employ
Young and inexperienced servants at
low wages. Their board is the same as
that of more competent servants, and
they will destroy, break and waste far
more than an equivalent for higher