Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1879-10-10
House orainare.
ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS AS SET FORTH BI


ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS AS SET FORTH By
EXPERTS.
From the Plumber and Sanitary Engineer-l
Every house-drain should have an in
let for fresh air entering at point ill.,
side the main trap, and carried to a con-
venient location out Of doors, not too near
. windows This pipe will relieve the
small house traps from pressure OCCASION
ed by descending column of water that
would otherwise be likely TO force the
seals of these traps. The air drawn
through this inlet to the lower part of
the drainage system assists the clrcula-
ton within the drains, and is essential to
ensure the diffusion of the gases genera
ted within them
A trap should be placed on every main
drain to disconnect the house from the
sewer or cesspool. In places liable to
unusual pressure from the sewer it should
be a double trap, with vent from between
the two traps, running up full size above
the roof or, where the pressure from the
sewer is only occasional and the rigor of
the climate will permit, this vent may
be carried to the sidewalk or area, at q
safe distance from windows. If the first
trap is forced the gas can gain easier exit
through this pipe than through the
second trap.
Every vertical soil or waste pipe should
be extended at least full size through the
roof
No traps should be placed at the foot
of vertical soil pipes to impede circula-
ton.
Traps should be placed under all sinks,
uyssins, baths, wash trays, water-closets,
etc, and as near to these fixtures as prac-
ticable
All traps under fixtures, wherever
practicable, should be separated " ventil-
ated in order to guard against syphon-
age. Such vent pipes should not branch
into soil pipe below where any drainage
enters it. In some cases it is preferable
to carry it to the outer air independently.
The extension of soil pipes full size
through the roof is not a certain protec-
ton against syphonage of traps branch
ing into it, and no protection when traps
are on horizontal pipe a distance from
the vertical soil pipe.
Rain-water leaders should not he used
as soil pipes, and when connected with
house drains they should be made of cast
iron in preference to galvanized sheet
iron or tin, there being less liability of
corrosion Joints should be gas and
water tight, to preclude the possibility of
dram air entering open windows.
No safe waste should connect with any
drain, but it should be carried down in
dependently toapoint where its discharge
would indicate the existence Of a leak or
any overflow above.
No waste from refrigerator should be
connected with drain.
Unless the water supply is ample, so
that 1t will rise TO every part OF build
ing, insuring at all times the proper
flushing of fixtures and traps, clstern
should be provided into which the water
will rise at night, or into which 1t may
be pumped Said cistern should be
large enough to hold an ample iaily sup
ply, be kept clean, covered and properly
ventilated. The overflow pipe from 1t
should never be run into any drain under
any circumstances The supply for
drinkng-water should not be drawn
from 1t, but from a direct supply, /. e.,
direct IRON the street main.
Water-closets should not be supplied
directly from street pressure or by pipe
from which branches are taken from drink
ing water. Where the valve closets are
preferred to those that are supplied from
a cistern Immediately over them, then the
supply should be taken to a storage tank,
from which it can be conveyed to the
valves in theclosets thereby, ensurIng an
equable pressure and securing more re-
liability in their working
All drain pipes within house should
be of metal in preference to stoneware,
owing to the liability of the latter TO crack
and the difficulty of keeping the Joints
tight 1t is best to run them along the
cellar wall or ceiling, with good incline.
They should never be hidden underground
as then leaks will not be perceptible.
In some places it is common to paint
pipes white so that any leakage Will show
itself to the most careless observer.
All drains should be kept at all times
free from deposits; and if this cannot be
effected without flushing, special flushing
arrangements should be provided so as to
effectually remove all foul matter from
the house drains to the public sewers.
All drains should be laid III II straight
line, with proper falls, and should be
carefully joined and made water tight.
No right-angled junction should be al
lowed, except in the case Of drain dis
charging into a vertical shaft
A CLERGYMAN who was very opiniona-
ted about changing his sermon to suit the
weather or occasion, found one very