, 1879-08-24
250th Anniversary Of the First
Puritan Church in New
England.
Liturgy and Doctrine Of Pere
Hyacinthe's Gal1ican
Church,
Biographical Sketch Of Newman
Hall, the Famous English
Preacher.
General Church Notes---Pergonals---
Sunday Bon-Bons--SerVices
To-Day.
THE JEWISH 6ECTS,

Io-uay.
THE JEWISH 6ECTS.
wuo Asp wHAT WE'RE THE sADDUcEEs, PHAR1
SEES, AND scR1BEs.
Church Quarterly Renew.
Although oil jews united In external observ
snces they were divided into sects differing OF
rsuy important questions. Josephus speaks OF
the Sadducees, Pharisees, and Essenes as exist;
Ing in bis day, but Of the last the Talmud makes
no mention. But it mentions the Scribes, who
srs 50 often spoken Of in the New Testament
There is modern opinion that the Sadducees
existed as a sect from much more remote
period than is generally supposed. Geiesr held
that they were sacerdotal conservative party
Jhich derived its name from Zadok, who
anotuted King solomon: At later period,
Ezekiel (ch. xliv 10-15) speaks Of two classes OF
Levites, Of which oue was not to bepermitred to
minister tu the sanctuary as punishment for
its apostasr. The other, the priests, the Le-
rites the sous Of Zadoll, having continued faith
full when the people went astrag, were to be re-
tanned in the exercise Of their functions in the
temple In the synoDtical GOSPELS, the Saddu-
Gees appear in alliance NTH the Pharisees,
notwithstanding the bitter enmitT between
them, but in the fourth they are not men-
toned, the combination bring "chief priests
md Pharisees" (John vii, s., 43; II, Il 81. In
the Acts {ch. r, ~ we read, "the high priest
arose, and all that we're with him, being Of the
Ecct Of the Saldueecs." From these passages
it is plain that Zadock was priest III the age Of
Solomon, that his descendants we're priests at
the time Of the captivity and afterwards. and
that they were saccrdotal party at the Chris
tian era, but there is difficulty in identifying
them with the Sadducces, since no place in the
literature of the Jews subsequent to the exile
speaks Of them US belonging to the sect, or as
having given their name to it. Had the desig-
natloB been IN common use from early times,
it Is scarcely credible that there should not
have been sone traces Of it in Jewish records.
OF the writings OF the Sadducees none have
survived. but. it has been copjectuFed. that the
spocrspbat book Ecclesiasticus contains their
Theological and sacerdotal principles. In the
Gbemara, in the treatise on the sarhedrim, the
books OF the Saddncees and the work OF the. son
Of Srach are classified together, and prohibited.
Whether they received all the cancnical script
ures OF the Old Testament has long been, cues:
tion. In the controversy 10 the New Testament
about the resurrection, Christ quoted against
them passace from the Pentateuch, whence it
has been inferred that they rejected the rest Of
the Bible. The truth seems to have been that
they acknowledged the five books Of Moses as
Of higher authority than the others, In COMMON
With most Of the Jews, while not denying the
caponicty OF the latter, although in their opiu-
ion they occupied an inferior place. The Phari-
secs pronounced them heEetics, and doubted
whether they would not be excluded from the
blessings Of the world to come. Their influence
was limited to the wealthy and upper classes,
and oyer the bulk OF the nation their opinions
never had any bold. When Jerusalem was de-
stroyat, their power as sacerdotal oligarchy
came to IN end, and tlencefprward the name
was descriptive Of person who failed to come
up to the Pharisalc standard OF orthodoxy.
The 62aduceea, while rejecting tradition.
adopted usagcs which the Pharisces said we're
founded upon it. Like them they wore ply
lac'eres, bat in = fashion which their opponents
pronounced to be evidence Of their hcretical
opinions. Even In the temple service, some of
Inc priests mDstereo after the Way Of the Sad
ducees, " and ina manner inconsistent with the
usual practice The treatise oD the day Of the
alonement relates the precautions Of the
fharasees 10 prevent the high priest from falling
into Sadducean error. .sThe elders of the Great
sanhedrim delivered him to the priesthood who
brought him to the upper chamber Of the house
Aotinas, aud they administered to him the
sald 10 him, My Lord High Priest. We are an-
bassadora OF the Crest Sanhedrim; We adjurc
thee BY Him whose name dwclls In this
house, tha*. thou wilt not change aught
Q! al which We have. said to tnee-' He
aud xept." The oath was intended to
n:nd him to burn the incense within the vail
LEV. XII, u, 13), in opposition to the view Of
Me sadducees, that it should be nut upon the
eoa1s 10 the csnser without, and carried smok- !
,pg ,ps 3to 10 the most holy place. The weeping Of
The elders arose from the thought that such !
an oath should be necessary. At. the end
oI ne treatise On the feast-offering, 1t Is said
taat al the vessels in the sanctuary required |
oaptlsn, except the golden and brazen affairs,
hMch we're ''as EARTH" This Has tradition |
u ne fharaseest who, when they we're baptfz- |
mg .a me candlestick, brought upon themselves |
"a tae Ha1cn!e OF their opponents, who mocked |
nem e.a1 as II they we're baptizing the sun. The !
ecaaoucces : agreed with their adversaries only as |
70 =. ceremonies, their practice resting upon the
aestef o1 the lar, explained SO as to meet their !
UNI Y1e"s but often doing violence to the plain
us&ahe OF the text. In these cases the Pbari-
* sses relied upon tradition, without pretending
70 Derive any authority from Scripture.
VI inc Jewish sccta tho Pharisees were the
most : powerful and important Principles had
= 9seo long at work In the nation, which ultimate
Z 5s assumed form and shape in their distinguish
~ ! pecclaritfes. In the time Of Ezra and Ne
ssstalaa every possible precaution was taken to
associate J. the Jews from the Samaritaps, Moab
a, sss, ana other nations, to prevent contamina~
Kun - from their evil customs. From tue same
ny!'e, an some lsraclites, pretending to superior
<AA1At VIE III 1lI A6 pU56lu!Et ~ bEHa- |
sle .&p themselves from others, MS If they we're
aaoIaoe, and unfit for indtscrimipate fellowship.
aseee ae arnsc, in the course Of time, the Phari-
70 ~ OF separatists, who, in respect to certain
Ir9tses9snces, stood aloof from their fellow-men.
~ Icy CID not withdraw from association with
,,aels at public worship in the syDagogucS, nor
tal ~ laey bold a'oof FROM the Sanhedrims, where
w occupied seats Along With the Sadducees, |
Sa ,os alo they shun ordinary society, because
..es 1fcadcntcd the houses OF their neiEhbors,
NY, Wv we're desirous Of making proselytes. Their
~ssausisencss s1lencss consisted in other particulars
.aae a!uhS at greater sanctity, they sought to /
!, s,auenec their countrymen by adopting a rule
. !. onauct higher than that laid down in the !
IA. IA: 4he Mishua is mainly collection OF Phar-
,aiS ,aE tfa0auons: regulating almost every act OF
= ~ aho ecclesiastical life, whereby the burden
H.. ! salaote nrccepts became SO heavy that COM
a.auee a;.4 with them berame impossible. The
m t!tlen and the oral law were held TO have been
~ o. olV1ne origin, but, in the course Of time,
III set aa!tef came to have the greater weight al
ae seaed TO it, Moses received the oral Law
osh. om sioa1, and delivered it to JOSHUA and
Usona W. s1s delivered it to the elders, and
be he slaers to the prophets, and the prophets to
ra as nen al o. the great synagogue" l. We hare
~! ~ Jaws" said Shammat to proselrtc, the
!. .!1ten @ anu the oral" That which WAS given
"oro OF mouth was held to be the more pre-
na4 uus' oeianse It Was said Il Alter the tenor OF
- mofos, have made q coreanant with thee |
~ Nv WHO Israel [Ex., "ir., 27. 81 The writ
ts ~ .an.H narrow, but the traditional is longer
~ s5,t;e ue earth, and broader than the sea-" phe
,es est4ooe we're Of .wo classes. The for