The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1879-08-07
OUR CANADA ~NE1aHBoRs,
Soma I@ibfGssiSGs OF whstlsPET Travel
Ter In the Dominion.
- T~ouNNTO Tale al

IA AtE IN tHN OonAhnlous
ToHoSTo, July 81.
Ealon i-aieus.hOs
The form Of Government under which
live our Canadian neighbors demands
passing mention, before writing any notes
upon Toronto. The Dominion Of Canada
coslsts otthe provinces Of Ontario, Quebec
formerly Upper and Lower Canada,
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba,
British. Columbia and Prince Edward
Island. The provinces were united under
an act Of the Imperial Parliament passed
in March 1857, which came into operation
on the LIST Of July, 1867, by royal proclama-
ton. The executive authority is vested
in the sovereign Of Great Britain and
Ireland, and carried on in her name by o
Governor General and Privy Council.
The legislative power is exercised by a
Parliament Of two houses, called the
Senate and the House Of Commons. New
foundland Is still an ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Of British North America. The number
OF Senators-seventy eight-is fixed by the
constitution. The members Of the Senate
are nominated for life, by summons
OF the Governor General. Each Senator
must be thirty years OF age, q born
or n~aturaliEed subject and owner OF
$4,000 worth OF real or personal property
in the province for which he Is appointed.
Members OF the House Of Commons are
elected by the people for five years, on q
basis Of one representative for 1900 in
habitants. The qualifications which ~.
der voters eligible vary with the several
hprovinces. In Ontario and Quebec y vote
is given 10 every male subject who is the
owner, occupier or tenant Of real proper
w OF the assessed value OF $500, or the
yearly value OF $50, Il within cities or
towns Orofthe assessed value of$200, or OF
the yearly value OF $50, II not 30 situate.
In tho other province, too, what we, in
the States would call a property quaitica-
ton obtain. The seven provinces have
each q separate parliament and admins
tration, with q Lieutenant Governor atthe
head OF the executive. These bodies cores
pond in their functions 10 your State Legis-
lature. The Governor. General has asalary
Of 10000 per annum Hei assisted in his
functions by a Council, composed OF thir-
teen heads Of departments. The body OF
ministers Is officially known as the
Queens Privy Council for the Dominion
Of Canada. There Is no State Church inthe
Dominion. The population in 1871 was
thirty.six hundred thousand, but is reck-
oned now TO be. over four millions, or
about ten per cent OF the population Of
the United States. Her total funded and
unfunded debt July /, 1878, was 149 mil.
lions Of dollars. The debt has been in
Cured chiefly on account Of public works.
The currency is based on the decimal sys-
TEN OF the dollar Of 100 cents, the pound
sterling being considered 1851 cents.
The Dominion imports largely from the
States. Her exports are breadstuffs aud
wood. These go to Great Britain. A new
tariff which went into effect last May, has
beeniadjusted ID to stimulate home indus
tries and keep out farm products and man.
uiactured goods from foreign countries.
Your readers willnote thatthe tarifrmakes
no discrimination in favor ofimports com
ing from Great Britain. Goods from Lon
don and goods from New York are taxed
alike.
The tariff is an instrument / 1.-THE hands
Of modern law-givers, which at the same
time can titillate and fay alive. The lib.
eral or reform paper, the Toronto Globe,
which Is a powerful advocate OF free trade,
in search OF facts for ridicule OF the tariff,
found that the factories where tobacco is
manufactured in the Dominion, some hall
dozen, are owned and operated by Amcri.
cans, or, as the phrase here is, by the
States. Now leaf or manufactured tobacco
for excise purposes is admitted under the
tariff free, while manufactured tobacco is
subject 10 an impOst duty OF 20 cents pel
pound and 124 per cent. Gd rdiOrem; where.
upon the GlOde cries out and with point,
" What encouragement and protection oil
home industries" The duty imposed
by the tariff is: Upon printed, litho-
graphed, or copper. or steel plate bill
heads, checks, receipts, porter's blanks,
forms, etc., thirty per cent al rdlorsm ;
upon wheat per bushel, fifteen cents; upon
flour per barrel, fifty cents; upon coal per
1000 pounds, anthracite or bituminous,
fifty cents; upon coffee, green, two cents
per pounds; il roasted, three cents per
pound; but il imported from the United
States, ten per cent al rdlOrem, additional
upon coins, except U. s. silver coin, no
duty; upon cotton goods, from one to two
cents per square yard, and fifteen per
cent Gd rdlorem; upon glass, thirty per
cent; upon boots and shoes, twenty-five
per cent; upon nails and spikes, cut, half
cent per pound and ten per cent; upon
screws, iron or steel, thirty.Gve per cent;
upon pig iron per ton, s.; upon bar iron,
seventeen and a half per cent; upon bacon
and hams, two cents per pound; upon
kerosene oil, six cents per gallon. The
duty upon seeds, flowers, garden or field,
is fifteen per cent, but II put up in small
papers or parcels, twenty-five per cent;
cotton thread upon spools, must pay TWEEN.
ty per cent TO enter; tomatoes, thirty cents
per bushel, and all other vegetables are
taxed 20 per cent, except potatoes, which
pay 10 cents per bushel. Wooden goods,
not made up, 20 per cent. These dry
figures have been presented for the pur-
pose OF setting forth the strong grounds
taken by the Liberals in the line OF oppo-
sition to the tariff. While the arguments
which support the free trade theory for
the Dominion, and which find wide &C.
ceptance among the people composed
largely OF producers from the soil, will
arise spontaneously in the minds OF all in
telligent persons who hold their own views
Of protection and free trade. A far pene.
trating vision is not required to discern
that for manufactured goods the State can
undersell England in the markets Of the
Dominion. It remains only for the Eng.
lander 10 bide his time until the merit OF
his goods breaks down the deeply rooted
prejudice against everything unless it
comes from London. Such q victory as
American watches have won upon Ameri.
can soil, aftera prolonged struggle, waits
also the winning by the American manu-.
facturer in many kinds Of goods upon the
soil OF the Dominion.
Two steps more, and they are Of easy
taking, bring US to the question OF an-
~nexation to the United States Of North
America. The people of the Dominion
see clearly that no tariff means cheaper
goods. These cheaper goods come from The
States. Were We an integral part Of the
I GN.kna kHn NwnI.naHs - -