Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1879-11-21

\ somewhat spirited discussion, involving
indirectly the questions Of deep and shallow
setting and of warm and cold setting fol
milk, has recently occurred between Mr. w
J. Van Patten of this city and Mr.. o. S
Bliss Of Georgia. Mr.. Van Patten gave his
conclusions in an article on The Science of
Cream Raising" i'll the Country GeAtlem an
Of Oct 9TH. Mr.. Bliss took up pretty sharp
" some Of the points thus made, in the
columns OF the same paper. Having nad
some verbal discussions following these
| publications., the two determined to refer
the questions involved to Professors
Smyth and Perkins, of the University and
State Agricultural College, in order,
if possible, 10 obtain Il scientific decision
upon them. a hearing on the subject took
place at the University on Wednesday after
noon, President Buckham presiding. Mr.
Van Patten submitted the following as the
points contained in his article:
LIST. The milk globules are composed OF solid
matter. and are subject 10 the laws governing solids
AMI not 10 those governing liquids.
md. Cream Is a mixture of the solid globurs of
blllttI WIN more OF less OF MIX
jrd. Cream does not rise; only the solid gluhules
Of butter to thai.
Ih Ii Is impossible Tor the butter glubults To cool
any more rapidly than the medium IN which they
aye suspended.
SIN. The law Is that liquids expand and contract
more with heat and cold than soll'is
9th. There Is greater difference IN the specific
gravity of the butler glohules AMI the milk at low
temperature than NJ Il higher, therefore the cream
Is more quickly obtained al Il low temperature
Mr.. Bliss took exception to the first and
last OF these, holding that butter is only solid
when frozen; that at 81 . Fahrenheit it is
plastic, and becomes soft grease at COS In
regard To the 9th point he maintained that
the statement that there is agreater difference
in the specific gravity of the butter globules
and the milk at Il low temperature than at Il
higher, was the reverse of true.
Professors Smylh and Perkins agreed sub
stantially in their opinions, which were, AS
TO the first point, that it is impossible TO
draw definite fixed line between liquids
and solids, when substances pass from one TO
the other by impcrceptible gradations that
the butter glohule is composed of different
substances, some solid and some, or ut least
one. lhilu tllAl Wllllt butter Is not 4 lNliita
solid it ia, at the temperature ut which we
most commonly SEE it more nearly solid than
liquid. But that it cannot be affirmed in
the present stage of scientific experiment
and knowledge that, Us regards expansion
and specific gravity, ii ia governed by the
laws governing solids rather than those
governing liquids; and that in fact there is
no fixed law AS regards the expansion of
solids.
The 9th proposition, they said, was also I'M
determined by scientific experiment. The
specific gravity of the butter globule is not
known; and may be, and probably is, yari
able in different specimens.
These answers were necessarily mdecislve. |
1t is not improbable, however, that some of
the practical questions connected with the |
subject may he submitted 10 the professors
in another form for determination 10y means
of careful experiment. Ii 50, some scien-
life information of practical Importance To
tirymcn will probably he elected