The sun., 1879-05-05

police. who go everywhere. suspected or unsus- |
TO the Government, and Turgeneff was ordered |
to leave st. Petersburg Mt once. He was not |
imprisoned like other offenders. because Of his |
popularity. prominence, and fame all over tho |
world"
the name Of Nihilist. applied 1t to the Reyolu- |
tionists OF Russia. and associated it with ideas
that aro odiousP .
and applied II to these people in his novel,
Fathers and Sons As an artist, he gave n
picture Of new people, with new ideas but per-
hnps ho sympathized enough with those new
ideas not to cpricature them or to represent
And is this name. Nihiiist. known or used
In Rnssia among the people us applied to those
:" Ii is now widely used. though It was moro
properly applicable about ten years ago. when
the Revuutionists saw hut one object that IL. TO
destroy the present order Of things. Now. they
aim not merely 10 destroy. but TO construct a
lustand genuine state ana community.
II is not true. then, that they have no def
They have wcll.dedned ideas. political So
cal and industrial. "a full system. In politics.
operative work and Just distribution OF prod
ucts in society, the principle OF, EQUALITY and
the annihiHtlon Of caste and privilege
And this is to bc brought about by peaceaole
means -
What do you know about the, sixteen pro-
iessors reported to have resigned their chairs
Russian professors OF universities are nearly
all of them libcral-minded mon. with liberal
political opinions, and the Government has al
ways had great deal of trouble to find suitable
professors for the universities. II Is common
for many chairs TO be vacant, Just because the
cupy them who were known to hold liberal
| opinions. or course nll appointments TO pro-
| fcssorships are in the hands OF tho Govern
| mcnt. and for ten years the Government has
| been in an awkward position. The ablest pro-
fcssors were banished. and their places intrust-
| ed to old or imbecic professors. who were un.
| progressive. but enough OF even these could
! not be found. When military dcspotism was
place. were under special order to enlighten
students ~ to the danger OF revolution, and
! tner proper relations to Nihiist heresies.
/ Many professors, refusing to perform this de-
grading service have resigned their places"
And they suffer no penalty for their resle-
They suffer but not directly. They are all
under surveillance. They have no M right to pass pas
| hidden to instruct youth privately and have no
salary they are subjected to poverty"
" Do you know any Of those professors ?,
the 81. Petcrsburg Medical Academy Botkin.
physician TO the Emperor has not yet been
rested this very week He himself is out OF
prison only because tho Empress needs hls
What does the Russian press say about the
present desperate poicy2
word Of all the proceedings Of this last time.
Occasionally arrests are referred to, but only
those few which are made with the show OF le-
never spoken Of at all. 1t is ordered not to
speak OF revolutionary principles or methods
and in fact according 10 the Russian press
there Is no such thing rs revolutionary propa-
~ Ii is what Kant would call an unthinkabla
Yes ono Moscow paper lately Attempted tc
discuss the projects Of the revoiutionsts. and al
in Russia. the Moscow Gdzete used to call the
attention Of the Government 10 Nihists IN
rairaad accidents occurred. attributed them tc
the Nihists. and called in the mos, violent words
l9r revsnse But the e G0yernsmsnt ,sn tSS 6eGam %
formation aboutthe Nihliss. and 50 1t uuencheC
the zeal OF the Moscow Gdletie"
Then from the Russian newspapers no idc'
can be obtained Of the current reign OF terroi
there ?" ,
We'll, arc there Nihilst papers that tell o
those things and circulate among the people
nrint ond r. secretly crnmiate ali Over he land
Nine. The secret documents Of tn
} government are printed IN the p5ohibite,
3 secret measures OF the Car?
; That. Of course. is done through Nihilis
. Ladies' largely serve that end"
:. About the krooJ are they
We'll. all the Nihilists are divided int
] groups Each consists Of six ten. or twely
members and f. known Hs hroolok, or IN IN
T dependent in lis actions. but they ar. all con
l nected in n peculiar way. chain like. each know
= third. / read in this country that there is NJ
hilist central body or directory. but that Is n,
\ true. There Is kind OF Capitalization on
2. among n small part Of tho Nihlists-thos
a whose charge Is 10 attend to executions. Ihes'
q OF course. centraIize but in the most peculia
u ways are connected, SO that all decisions of III
i once But that Teiers only to small parry N
j. whose duty it is to fulfil the orders Of the Ia
l. ecutive Committee"
It The Executive Committee. then. is the eel
z Each Kroojok may be nm executive commit
@, tee m particular place. They collect all dat
u required in regard to certain official person
I and they may decide on what - do but the
: may not be able to do IL because the official PEI
; son may be far away, and then they report
l. this particular party. whose duty II is 70 carr
i out the orders Of this Executive Commillec.
t. Il notice here the Word says thr Nlhlli
rs movement IN Russia is led by men ianatlral
e devoted 10 their cause men OF iron Will, train'
al intelligence. aud indomitHble purpose. Is II
n " 1t is not true as stated. 1t is true that ihe
re are many men Of iron Will, great intelHgenc
and indQmitable purpose IN the movement b
5: But there must DO natural leadership By tn
OF kind Of menY
Is leadership, but they have no official function
II Is against the principles oi Nlhlllsm 10 ma
~ generals or superior officers
Ia You emphatically state that there is no SUI
re official and systematic administrative mach!
IL cry As is here spoken otW
th There is no such Government with SUPER
and inferior officers"
How. then. do you account for moyemco
he go widespread. acting with So much unity
le ward purposes so dlrectf =
~, For many years past such papers as thei
~. | the Ipfred Forward. Ndbdt tIhe To'sl
1e OLtcind Society. md RdbOt,ic Tho Work IN
70 mani were circulated largely among the NH
t isis and taught that unauimty OF prineiI
'. among them. throughout the ltusslan empi
10 which is observable to-dny. 1t Is not necessa
hg Tor some high officer 70 direct their actions
- theyall know what TO do, what to advocate u
rnn what TO defend They have propagated col
N' mon IDEAS"
Do You think that will account for such &
"a traorlinnry manifestations as We now soc.
~ purpose ana methodW
- Yes, sir
10 Are the Russians an organizing pcopl
N Are they not very much SO through their lam
i' or district systemf p ,
~ "Y Yes and among the educated classes III
~" have had small societies in which they were
w. customed to meet frequently and speak OF
H. questions. political and sOclal, and those me
~ iugs which are very common, have served
H. Nlhilisis 10 propagate their IDEAS
.t,o " On general principles this movcment is
, ls der the direction of the intellectual ana no
~ Glasses. Is il not p
'rs " Yes that Is 50. II is under their intellect
oM leadership. But the intellectual classes are
,ry going to impose anything new or foreign al
'in the people; on the contrary, they know v
III that the principles they advocate are tn
90 needed TO secure the welfare OF tho whole y
~ pie Of Russia"