davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Illinois Staats-zeitung., 1879-07-28
Galtes ober bibtges sSieber,

eebeiIt fir so Gents. gs sibt tetn an6eres @itte[ in
Der g8eft. mas 10 i6nea aae grten Don Sieber beiIt,
moeeu fe pom ueroorbener quit (Diolaria) Ooer beeenez
rirter Sale fommeu, m69eu tie S6arla6=, gterueuz
feber o6er getbes Sie6er beiBeH, ais - unter 3u3iebuu9
pom 9~tabwup's 9tuen, bos ,,Geaop S~teItef" Sr.
NtaSnGD's. SOUR so @ents bic TIaide.
Illinois Staats-zeitung., 1879-07-28

bas I'M @ueenbtide ben qudtenbiten 9eiben ginbaIt tbnt,
fe nun in ben @unseH, benz NtG9en, ben @ingenetoet,
ben Sritien, oocr auoereu Grsauen ibren StB BADEN,
eas ole S6meI5e zen itiat, bel einmaliger &nwenouH5,
In / bis 20 Wtinutcr, - wis iebr ie uud ben
&beumatti5en, 8ettleseriser, S6waden. 8erfrippels
ten, 9eru0ien, Sidtiiden, o6er CT ionitigsr Srant1
hett Seieenpeu oudlsu mogeH.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
The Sand Blast.

Among the wonderful and useful
inventions of the times is the COM
mon sand blast. Suppose you desire
a piece of marble for grave-stone,
YOU cover the stone with a sheet OF
wax no thicker than wafer, then cut
in the wax the name, date, etc,
leaving the marble exposed. Now
PASS it under the blast and the wax
will rot be injured at all, but the
sand will cut the letters deep into
the stone.
Or. if YOU desire raised letters,
flower or other emblems, cut the let,
tiers. flower, ETC., in the wax and
stick them upon the stone; then pass
the stone under the blast and the
sand will cut it away. Remove the
wax and you have the raised letters
Take a piece Of French plate glass;
say 2 by 6 feet, and cover it with line
lace; pass it under the blast, and not
a thread will be injured, but the sand
will cut deep into the glass wherever
it is not covered by the lace. Now
remove the lace and you have every
delicate and beautiful figure raised
upon the glass.
In this way beautiful figures OF
all kinds are cut in glass and at a
small expense. The workmen can
hold their hands under the blast
without harm. even when it is rap.
idly cutting away the hardest glass,
iron or stone, but they must lookout
for fnger-nails, for they will be
whitfield off right hastily. If they put
on steel thimbles to protect the nails,
| it will do little good, for the sand
will soon whittle them away. but if
they wrap piece ofsoft cotton around
them they are safe. You will at once
see the philosophy of it. The sand
whittles away and destroys any hard
substance, even glass, but does not
affect substances that are soft and
yielding like cotton, wax, or fine
| lace, or even the human hand.
The FLORIDA AGRICULIURIs1
only 50 per annum-im dovance.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08

running through Them. Experience
will soon determine which variety of
Mesa is most valuable for producing
fibre for manufacturing purposes.
The best plant for this purpose is
that which will produce the greatest
return in the shortest period, requir-
ing but little knowledge and expense
in cultivation.
The one pre-eminently fitted to
answer all these requirements, is the
Martinique banana { MatSa Sopie,,tun'),
requiring but little or no skill and
energy in it's general management !;
for quantity, color, and texture of
fibre, it surpasses by far all varieties
of the common plantain (Alatsa para-
c7isiaca), which is delicate plant,
and frequently requires to be renewed
or re.planted. The production of
suckers and weight of stem are at
least one-third less than the banana,
and the fibre by no means SO strong.
would also recommend two other
species of hasa to the cultivator of
this genus for their valuable fibre.
One is the Mesa Uiol0cea, an exotic
from the Philippines, and in no re-
spect inferior to the banana, except
in the absence of edible fruit. The
! plant is exceedingly prolific and
| hardy. The other is the one produc.
ing the well-known Manila hemp,
-Matsa tentilis, and no expense or
trouble ought to be spared by the
Colonial Governments TO introduce
suckers and seeds of this most valu-
able plant in quantity in the West
Indies, as it takes long time to OBJ
tain stock from the produce OF one
plant.
The following is the mode Of pre-
pairing plantain fibre in Jamaica:
The plantain is cut when ripe, and
the outside layer is split in Longitude
nal slices and put through mill, and
afterwards boiled in copper, with a
small quantity of potash, soda, or
quick lime, to take off the mucilage.
This layer is the coarsest and re-
uuires longer time to boil, therefore
is to be done separately. The next
LAYER is to be done the same way,
and being finer and more valuable.
should be kept by itself. The fol
lowing layer ditto. The centre part
of the plantain ditto.
AS the inner part is the finest fibre
requires the shortest time to boil
and commands the highest price, that
is the reason why these boilings re.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08

were practically limitless, our fathers
were far too famous for lifting up axes
on the trees. Trusting to what
seemed employment, skilled laborers
have made their homes where the
streams appeared permanent. Then
as the summers came and went, the
river grew more and more feeble till
the spindles were silent. Then the
flood turns that stream to demon OF
destruction. The cause of all this
was that the source of the rivers life
have been injured or destroyed by
men who lifted up axes on the thick
trees far up the mountain where the
mill streams have their birth.
"Next to productionin Importance,
is the question OF transportation as
involved in navigation. Less than a
quarter of the traction is needed to
move ton afoat, that is needed to
move it by rail.
"Many Of the streams constituting
Britain's inland navigation are so
small as to be spoken of as brooks
in the Parliamentary acts giving
rights to companies to use them. One
of these combined canal and river
courses takes freight at the southwest
of England at the Severn, up historic
little Avon, across Wiltshire to the
Thames, and down to London. All
this will be so improved on that in a
few years the speed between steam
canal boats and that Of the average
freight train viii he materially re-
duced. Britain's inland transport
lines, thus exceed the length OF her
rail lines.
agriculture does not need sacri-
flee of trees, to save streams for navi-
CATION or manufactures. The iden-
teal conditions of rain or dew fall
needed by either is needed for all.
Seasons seldom pass in which farmers
would not have from one to three
tourths added to their yield by a
more equal distribution of the rain
tall. High culture proves an acre
properly watered, may yield as much
as seven or more treated in the usual
way.
"Single trees have been burned in
America in log-heaps, which, cut into
veneers would sell for more nett cash,
than the whole farm where it grew.
When our forests are as we'll treated
as those in Europe few trees will be
cut except by advice of a forest engi-
| neer.n
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
THE FLORIDA AGR4CULTURIST.

quire to be performed separately.
After boiling, the fibre is hung up
OH ropes to dry, and it can then be
carried down. and sold to the mer-
chants, or shipped direct.
Several modes have been recon-
mended for the preparation Of the
fibre,
1st. Beating. washing and drying.
End. Simply cutting and drying.
3rd. Scraping.
IT we look at the structure Of the
plant itself we shall be able to form
an estimate of those processes.
The plant is composed of at least
two very visable rows of cells. an in
ner and outer, along its whole extent
upwards and downwards, and
through every layer, there being sew
eral layers.
The cells are formed of fibre, for
"uprights" and "sills" and "plates,"
and tissue, as it were for "plastering;"
the former useful for ropes, fabrics,
etc., the latter for paper.
Of the processes named above, the
last is the only one that produces
fibre in its pure state; but whether
we scrape from the inner or outer
surface, we must lose all the tissue,
and probably more than half the fibre.
The first process will produce the
material of the plantain stalk in fit
state for shipment with partially clean
fibre, but nearly all the tissue will be
lost. The washing, also, should be
simple rinsing, for allowing the tissue
to remain in water tends to discolor
it greatly
The second process, l imagine,
would be very slow, in consequence
of the abundant water of the stalks.
1 apprehend also the discoloration
which would ensue from the process
would render the material all but I'm.
fit for market, except at very low
rate.
ITO be continued
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
Jo6nson. Orange. Los AngeIes 20.

Z
The information to which our cor
respondent alludes is certainly OF
wide interest and Importance, and
we give below the questions asked
and MI. Pye's answers to them:
What stock is the best on which to
graft the orange?
The Seville or Bitter Navel; / be-
lieve one is as good as the other.
For what reason is this the best ?
Because it is the hardest of all the
citrus tribe; free from disease (other
than red.scale, which affects it but
little); grows and bears better than
any other in both hot and cold coun-
tries.
Are trees grated on this stock
more exempt from the attacks OF IN
sects or other parasites
Most undoubtedly they are.
Are trees on this stock more ex-
empt from the black, sooty deposit
on their leaves sometimes called
"black fungus ?"
Very seldom affected when grated
on the Seville stock.
Do oranges grown on this stock
keep longer than those on other
roots 4?
Yes.
What means, if any, do you use to
rid the trees of the brown "scaie IN
sect ?"
Grishurst COMPOUND and Fowler's
insect DESTROYER are much used here,
and are efectual, but costly.
Do YOU have THE red "scale insect,
and if so how do Y ou meet its attacks!
Same as above. The best time is
to syringe the tes after sundown
The consistency il generally two gal
Ions of water to 4he pound of either
Grishurst compoul nd or Fowler's IN
sect destroyer
What other enemies have your or
ange trees that ATE permanently in
furious, and howl do you get rid o
them? 4
The white cocdus is the worse w
have ever had. lit infects the tree
all over, from butt to top branches
very much like white louise; geI
all over the leave 5 (on both sldes), al
over the limbs, an Id lives on the sap
which eventually kills the tree; gen
orally brushed off
What other VARIETY keeps the long
est, the stocks a1I Id other condition
| being the same 4 The common orange
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
THE PLANTAIN. AND BANANA.
NO. VII.
From Simmonds' Tropical Agriculture.
PLANTAIN FIBRE.

When the fruit has arrived at ma.
turity the stem that bore it is telled
and left to rot on the ground, but
this might be turned to advantage
for its fibre It, u.s. stated officially
that the yield of fibre from thousands
of acres of the plantain is lost annu.
ally in the colony of British Guiana
alone for want of simple and inexpen-
sive means for separating it. Could
an efficient and cheap machine be in
vented the fibre would be almost en-.
tire profit to the planter. The ba-
mana yields less fibre than the plantain
and is generally somewhat discolored
or tinted.
Theknex point for consideration is
the machinery necessary for cleaning
and preparing the fibre; it is recon-
mended that the stalk be cut into
lengths of about four feet, and also
divided into four so as to be able to
separate the different qualities of
fibre before passing through the mill,
formed of horizontal rollers, by which
means the water and a portion of
tecul@ or pulp would be pressed out.
There would still remain portion
closely adhering to the fibre to be got
rid OF, which would require a scrap.
ing operation, which there is no
doubt could be performed by means
of scraper of wood or metal At
tached to the mill, and put in motion
by the same motive power it would,
then, require the application Of water
the more efectually to loosen the re-
naming matter; exposure to the sun
would dry and bleach it after being
passed through heckle, which would
separate the threads. The difference
in value of each description and quail
ity of fibre must depend uponI it's
strength, and it's fitness for the var
ious purposes for which it would be
found applicable in the manufacture
of cloth, cordage, paper, etc Prac-
tical experience would soon prove
the most effectual methods of
performing the several operations i;
and, if fitted to the purposes for
which they are required; the most
suitable localities for these planta-
tions would, no doubt, be in the
mountain districts, or in the plains, if
well supplied with streams Of water
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
Orange Growing in Australia.
oOrrespOndence Paclfc rural Press.

correspondence Pacific Rural Press.
Some two MONTHS since there ap-
peared in your io|urnal queries in re-.
gard to the alleged superior value OF
the Seville or Bitter Root as grating
stock Tor the orahge. Believing that
very little trust worthy information
on that point cdhld be obtained in
California, | sui omitted a series of
questions, about His and other. mat
tiers Interesting tt orange growers, to
Mr. >. W. Eye, pf Paramatta, New
South Wales, Au|stralia, knowing him
to have had experience in orange cul.
ture, second, probably, to no living
man. Mr.. Pye'sA father, how close
upon so years old, and who is still
associated with bis son, has followed
this business for sixty years, an
amount of experience which must
give his opinions extraordinary value.
/ inclose the questions with Mr.. Pye's
answers attached.
For the information of those who
think that orange growing may be
easily overdone il California, l will
give an extract from one of Mr.. Pye's
communications tp me. He writes, al
luding TO the orange orchards in his
immediate vicinity There is family
Of the name of Pidrce who have 200
acres OF orange trees under cultiva-
ton Clearing trees), and the whole
district for miles adjoining are or
angeries also." Yet oranges sell for
20 shillings 1857 per case. These
cases Il have one in my possession)
would not hold much over 100 good.
sized oranges.
This high price is obtained not.
withstanding that their market is
limited (if we accept those shipped to
Europe by a long and expensive |
ocean voyage) to the sparcely popu. |
lated colonies of Australia and New |
Zealand; while we have population
Of over $4,000, 900 (the United States |
and Canada) comparatively close at
hand, to supply which there was i'm.
ported last year, through the port of
New York, alone oranges and lemons
% the value OF $2,0O0,00O, paying a
luty OF $560,000. Nor must it be
supposed that the Australian orange
above alluded to are com.
1osed of young-bearing trees. Mr..
Eye writes OF trees in his own or
'hard, fifty years old, thirty-four feet
high and yielding the enormous
mount! .r.,l. q 5000 oranges eaSh;-A;
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
American Forests.

The following are extracted from a
paper on this subject in Hd,per'S
M0nthly for August, 1879, by Geo.
May Powell, chairman Of the Ameri-
lean Institute Forest Committee.
cot desolation recorded far back
of even the days of Grecian glory ::
"A man was famous according as he
had lifted up axes on thick trees.
In the DAYS when American forests
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08

i
The Seville.
What variety do you consider the
best for general purposes ?
The common orange.
Which is the best favored orange
The Thorny Mandarin.
Which the next best
The common orange.
What variety is the most album
dant bearer ?
The Seville.
Which is the next most abundant ?
The Emperor Mandarin.
Is the "Navel" orange "shy
bearer ?"
Yes, very shy.
Do you attribute this to any Pc
culiarity OF your climate (such as
spring frosts or drought), or do you
think it would have the same charac-
teristics in all climatesl?
think it has the same characters
tics in all climates. Ihave heard, on
good authority, that where the soil is
very moist they bear better.
Is the "blood orange" a profitable
orange to grow?
No.
Will it keep we'll enough to ship :?
Yes.
Is the Emperor Mandarin a more
profitable orange than the "Navel ?"
Twice as profitable.
How much more fruit lin weight)
would you estimate it would bear
to the acre than the "Navel ?"
Three times the quantity.
Which is your earliest variety?
The Thorny Mandarin.
What variety is now being most
generally planted in your district?
The common orange.
REMARKS UPON QUERIES.
DR.. Sickler remarks that the Seville
orange is not at all affected by frost
in Italy.-"London's Cyclopedia of
Gardening"
1t is the only kind of orange that
will grow and bear fruit in Calcutta.
-"Fermil. GERS Manual for Garden
ing in India"
I've seen an orchard with 400 large
orange trees, all dying from disease
called bark.root, a. e., rotting of the
bark at the surface) and two or three
Seville orange trees growing in the
midst of them, looking beautiful,
oaded with fruit, and in no way at
ected by the disease,
The oldest orange tree in France,
y. -, sc,ss2 -, Z, Z, !, ..z,z.-l
alle0 Jne VIfanu OVnSIs'DtS' ~"
so years old, is graft on the Be-
lille. =.
Although the "red scale" affects the
seville orange, it does not seem 10
niure it, as it does all other kinds E
S.:W. Pye, Paramatta, New South
Wales.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08
OCTOBER 8
HOMESTEAD PATENTS.

"Any settler desiring to make final
proof must first file with the register of
the proper land Office, writtek notice
of his intention to make final proof.
Such notice must describe the land
claimed, and the claimant must give the
names and residences of the witnesses
by whom the necessary facts as to settle
ment, residence, cultivation, etc., are to
be established
The fling of such notice must be
accompanied by deposit Of sufficient
money to pay the cost Of publishing the
notice to be give'a By the Register"
The following are on file, for delivery,
in the U. S. Land Office at Gainesville,
Florida
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-10-08

The FLORIDA AGRICULIURIsT
only 50 per annum-im adoamce.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1879-07-04
CAPTAIN BALLS EXPERIENCE.

was at work one afternoon in my gar
den when visitor entered and approached
so silently that he stood within few feet
of me before was aware of his presence.
"You seem to be very busy this after
noon," he said, calling my name.
looked up, and was not little aston
ished to see standing before me, with an
embarrassed air, one of the most worldly
minded and irreverent characters in the
village.
eyes, Capt. Ball." answered 81 was
giving these young pea vines something to
climb up"
''And very busy thinking, Also"
eyes, neighbor; was thinking how
much we are like these pea vines-how
much we need something to climb upon-a
Scriptural staff to lift us above the tangles
of worldiness.'
"Mr. Rainsford,' said the visitor, in a
choked voice, ell was trying to find such
staff.''
'sMy brother - exclaimed, full of SYM
pathy and joy. ''there is but one staff-that
Christ planted for us. We may all rest
upon Him as pillar of support, and love,
and truth. You have not far to seek you
have only to reach out the uendrils of your
heart in aspiration and faith. and they
will clasp it. The command is, "Repent
| and believe.''
He was a middle-aged man, whose hair
had grown early gray with worldly cares /;
whose eyes were unaccustomed to tears,
and it was affecting to see that hard face
soften, and melt at last almost to weeping,
as he grasped my hand.
81 have had strange experience" he
said, recovering himself, but still speaking
with much emotion; sit began about three
weeks ago. had lately been making very
good trades, and one night, as was walk.
ing.home, reckoning up my gains, and feel
ing pride and triumph in the start had
got in the world by my own shrewdness
and exertion-it was starlight, and very
still could scarcely hear noise but the
field crickets and the tramp of my horse
on the dark road, when suddenly voice
said. "What shall it profit man if he
gain the whole world and lose his own
soul ?'
"Was it actually voice2" l question
ed, as he hesitated.
! ''No; knew it wasn't at the time. It
was, have no doubt, my own mind. But
the expression was just as distinct and un
expected as if it had been spoken in my
ear by some person. The words l proba-
bly, learned when I was child, but | had
forgotten them, and had to look into the
Bible afterwards to see if they were there.
I found them, and found good many
things besides, which seemed to have been
intended expressly for me to break up en-
tirely my way of life, and to trouble all my
calculations. The thing has been working
ever since. and can't stop it's WORKING. L
have come to the conclusion that l must
be different man and live for dltterent
purpose; and have come to talk with you
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1879-07-04
LOCAL DIRECTORY.

! Masonic.-Staunton Lodge No. 13-J. Howard
Wayt, Master; James Ker, Secretary. Meet at their
lodge in Masonic Building the second and last Fri
day nights in each month.
Union Royal Arch Chapter-W, II. H. Lynn, High
Priest; James Ker, Secretary. Meets in Masonic
Hall the second Tuesday nghtin each month.
Stevenson Commandery-W. II. II. Lynn, Com
mander; James F. Patterson, Recorder. Meets in
| Masonic Hall the fourth Monday in each month.
! Knights of Honor.-T. c. Morton, Past Dictator
W. W. Gibbs, Dictator; F. H Link, Reporter Meets
LIST and 3rd Monday nights each month in Charity
Temperance Hall.
| Odd Fellows Staunton Lodge No. 45-John c.
Smith, Noble Grand &C. s. Crowder Secretay. Meets
J every Thursday night in Odd Fellows Hail.
! Central Encampment No 24-W. M. Simpson
Chief Patriarch James W. Blackburn, Scribe Meets
second and fourth Tuesday In each month in Odd
! Fellows Hall. y
Hay Makers.-W Fl. H. Lynn, Grand Sultan; A.
A. Eskridge, Secretary. Meets every Friday nigh
in Freman's Hall.
Temperance Societies. West Augusta Lodge A
s. Hyde, W. G. T.; g. d. Hyde, W. "A. s.. Meets
every Saturday night in Brqce's
I MIzpah Lodge-Wm. j. McCawley, Worthy Chief;
John w. Bryan, Secretary. Meets every Thurs
| day night in Charity Hall over Waits drug store.
| Sons of JOnadab-Wm. B. Hyde, Worthy Chief;
John M Henkle, Secretary Meets every Tuesday
| night in Charity Hall Sons OF Temperance
Sons of Temperance q. Bunch, Worthy Patri
arch; VIM Fuller, Worthy Secretary.
| Juvenile Templars.-J w. Newton, Superinten-
dent; j. Herbert Stiff, Secretary. $50 members-no
regular meetings,
| Fire OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Fire Company
Michael Cox, Captain; ThOs. j. Crowder, Secretary
Meets fourth Tuesday in every month at Firemen's
Hail.
| Staunton Hook and Ladder Company-J. M
Quarles, Captain; Sandy Wilson, Secretary. Meets
on first Wednesday in each month at their headquar-
tiers in the Sullivan building
Capt. j. II. Waters Chief Engineer Of Fire De-
partment.
Military.-West Augusta Guard-Wm. L. Bum
gardner, Captain; Lewis M. Bumgardner, Secretary
Meets in their armory in the Wayt building every
Monday night. Regular meetings first Monday in
each month
| Staunton Artillery-A. Il, Fultz, Captain; N. NJ
Warner, Secretary. Meets at their armory near the
G. & o. Depot every Tuesday night. Regular meeti-
ngs second Tuesday in each month.
| Stonewall Brigade Band.-Prof A. j. Turner, Con
ductor; E. M. Cushing, President; W. Fl. Barkman
Secretary. Meets Tuesday and Friday nights every
week. -"
Religious-Young Mems Christian Association
II. M. McIlhany, President; j. E. Guy Secretary.
Meets at their rooms in City Hall for all devotional
exercises every Sunday evening at 81 P. M. Direc-
tory meetings at the call of the President. Library
open every evening from to 9 P. M.