The New York herald., 1879-09-07

population and more particularly among tue Nag
minel and powerful expression 1t is this very op
position. in fact. which more than anything cise'
explains the resignation of Count Andrassy.
RUSSIA DISAPPOINTED DIssAIIsFIED.
Up to certain point the calculations OF Russis
were sufnciently just aud correct. Up TO certain
point her expectations fully realized. The
Austro-Hungarian army of occupation found In
both Herzegovina and Bosnia the very reverse OF .
stubbornly resisted. In resisting the invad-
ers the mountaineers reasserted their ancient
mette and their ancient skin in warfare. 1t was very
evident that the war was proving costly and wastes
ful of human life. Months and months rolled
and still the struggle continued. More than
year has elapsed since the Austro- -Hunga-
rian troops entered the provinces, and while
We write the task undertaken has not beon
is this all. The Magyars have. az was ex.
pected. the danger which threa ed them
from the permanent occupation of the two provinces
and the consequent increase of the Slavic populn-
tion In plan and purpose they already find them.
selves at variance with the Germans on the ons
on the other. The balance of power which they
have long held Is threatened; dualism is doomed
and Count Andrassy finds himself not only dis
trusted by the Germans. the Czechs and tho slavs.
but cast OF by his own people, of whom for the last
eight nine years has been the recognized chief
greatly dissatisfed. And whya Because az
certain point her calculations have failed
Shs sees that t. owrsa she %nda1y masn.aea % ths
Herzegovina by the invading forces of Austria
Hungary. She sees that she underestjmates
spirit and determination OF the Austro- Hungarian
people. She moreshe secs that the occupation
scheme Sc the fuI bearings of which she did not at
hrst perceive. Austria Hungary has not been de.
TERED by the difficulties which beset her In the
provinces. nor by the political troubles at home.
from prosecuting the task assigned her. Step by
step, slowly but surely. she has advanced crushing
out all opposition and establishing law and order
throughout Herzegovina and the whole of Bosnia.
with the exception Of the handful of Novi-Eszar;
and now tomorrow she viii take advantage
of Berlin and occupy this most important Sec
tion OF the ancient ,ilayet OF Bosnia Lying be-
on the southeast. this will be strong and COM
manding position. In tho district there several
towns. the chief of which gives its name to the lo
cality. The town Of Novi-Bazar contains o popula-
tion Of some fifteen thousand. It formerly the
great point of communication between Turkey and
Bosnia. With the occupation of Nov Bazaar Austria
Hungary will have taken the first decided step in
her new departure. Henceforth her eye will be
turned toward the east and the northeast and her
aim will be to take her place a great Slavonic
power, the rival Of Russia over the whole region
which lies between the Danube and the Balkans and
between the Adriatic and the Black seas. This de-
cided step riaHungsry might have hesitated to
take in of the known opposition of Russia had
she not been encouraged by Germany. With Ger
many at her back however. Austria has dared. aud.
so far .. least, has dared with SUCCESS. For the
present at least Russia is outwitted and she must
either hght submit with the best grace posi- be.
THE SECRET OF AUsrRo.GERMAN ALLIANCE.
There is something strange in the spectacle OF this
friendly alliance between Germany and Austria. and
the estrangement of both from Russia. 1t is little
more than q decade since the Power which now
represents Germany crushed the armies of Austria
and humbed to the very dust the proud House of
HapsburR- Lorraine Russia was the hereditary
friend of Prussia; and to the nonnterterence If not
to the direct approval and encouragement of Russia
Prussia first ami Germany afterward were indebted
great Nor have Austria and Russia
appeared in the light OF hereditary foes. On the
contrary moro than one occasion. In times
still recent their mutual friendship has been
revealed and good Offices have been exchanged. 1t
is not difficult however. to discover satisfactory
11top Of n11nr
present moment. Russia is displeased with this
movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina, particularly
with the determination evinced to occupy Novi-
Bazaar because it reveals the aggressive tendency
Austria Hungary in direction which, she thinks.
threatens her interests. Austria-Hungary has. in
fact. intruded herself into region which Russia
hitherto by prospective right least, has regarded
as her own. As the representative of the Savonio
races she wishes to have rival Austria Hungary,
on the other hand is Influenced by the
that In what she is doing she IL executing the will OF
Europe and at the same time advancing her
interests. With this view OF the case Germany
sympathizes, aud also from interested motives.
After the victory Of Sadowa Prince Bismarck ad.
vsed 70 % move w HS 20 ta ans
to Germany. Not until the Berlin Treaty authorized
the occupation of Bosnia and HerzegovIna has
Austria Hungary had the opportunity to give effect
to this advice. Bismarck is hungry for the Ger.
provinces of Austria Hungary ever, but he 10
Hapsbure Lorraine and therefore. he is willing to
encourage and to aid that power, so to
strengthen itself in other directions to be able
without serious Inconvenience to let its hold. at
least Upper and Lower Austria. Such Is the
secret OF the friendly feeling which exists be-
twecn Germany and Austria.
AUSTRIA ALREADY LARGELY SLAVIC.
It Is fact which ut this stage deserves some con-
siderstion that the wishes of the respective
ments Of Germany and a-Hungary are in strik
ing harmony with the known and inevitable ten
denotes Of the times. Human affairs now largely
influenced by the forces which find expression
through race and nationality. No great political
problem can be solved without taking those forces
into consideration. Italy and Germany have
hat
tended to convey the mind Of the reader. In the
the action of these forces has built mp .
powerful kingdom; in the other they have built
NY q mighty empire. Italy must grow moro aud
until 1t includes all the Italians. and Germany
must grow more and more until it includes all the
Germans. Austria-Hungary Is in q different con-
dition from that in which Italy ana Austria ever
were. The population is not homogeneous. like
those Of Italy and Germany. but heterogeneous.
composed of different and many nstionalities.
The tendency in Austria Hungary, therefore, is not
to union and increase, but to disintegraton ana de-
crease. There are Italians, Germans. Magyars,
Ruthensns Roumanans and Savonians under
various nsmos. Tho entire population is about
hundred and forty thousand Italians, ten mill
ion Germans. over six million Magyars three mill
ion Roum.nians and not fewer than fourteen
under the general head of siavs. The remaining
figures to be divided among Jews, Greeks,
Zingari, Mbanians and others. Sooner or later the
Italians with the country they nhabit will gravtats
toward Italy. and the Germans. with the country
they tnhabit, will gravitate toward Germany. The
hope of the House Of Hapsburg lies in the Maygnrs
and the slsvs. Under the siavs are included tho
Cxechs OF Bohemia. tho most advanced branch Of
that race In Austria Hungary people who. encour.
aged by the improving prospects of their race gen.
orally IN the Empire coming boldly to the 'front.'
In the future of Austria-Gerinany tho Czechs,
who already boast Of some OF the most eminent
men. will. At the head of the other Slavonc people.
act powerful check for the ambitious and over.
bearing dcspotism OF the Magyars. II is thus seen
that II the dominion and power Of the House Of
Hapsburg are to be maintained the adv ance must
be east and southeast. and the acquisitions must be
Novi.Bazar reveals the tendency of Austro- Hun
garian aggession and indicates tho policy OF the
future. II remains TO be seen whether, considering
the tendencies OF Panslavism and the unconcealed
opposition, II will be possible to divide the ale-
glance OF the Slavic race and to build up grea1
rival empire south of the Danube.
THE HOUSE OF REFUGE.