The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1879-11-11

nve hours. Three hundred Chlleans were klIeu
and wounded" A telegram received in Paris
states that the Chileans experienced deter
mined resistance from the Peruvians and lost
500 men killed and wounded. 1t is rtrmored
that revolution has broken out In Lima, Peru
pIsAaUA AND THE PERUVIAN AND BOLIVIAN
FORCES AROUND IT-How THE LIMA REvOLU-
TON HAS BEEN MADE POSSIBLE.
Pisagua is port midway between africa and Iqui-
que. and derives its Importance from the immense
development OF its exports Of nitrate Of soda during
the past ten years. At the beginning of the present
year it we'll built and prosperous town of
5000 inhabitants. with several foreign commercial
houses. but upon the declaration OF war by Chile
against Peru early April L. squadron ut once
sent to destroy the coast towns OF the Department
OF Tarapaca The port Of Pisagua was bonn
barded without resistance on the 18th of April
and three-fourths of destroyed. act which has
not unnaturally been considered one of mex
cusable barbarism. Pisagua is situated at the foot
of cliff five hundred feet high which almost
overhangs the and Is the terminus of railway
which climbs this cliff with many zgzays. and from
the table land above winds eastward around and
through numerous barren hills to the nitrate de-
posits, thirty forty miles in the interior. Tbs
present terminus Is Aqua SANTA whence communi-
cation has recently been opened for military purposes
across the desert of Tamarugal to Poso Almonte.
the inland terminus Of the 1quique and La Noria
Railway. The desert Of Tamarugal Is vast plain
covered with nitrate deposits. being the upfted bed
OF former Of the enclosed between the chain
Of the Andes and the coast hills. The vanguards Of
the Peruvian aud Bolivian armies are distributed
along the Psagua and Iquique railways the Peru
Wan forces chiefly the latter. At Aqua Santa the
inland terminus Of the Pisagua Railway. there
e<attD ,ar1 Last Mt MN
brigade Of Bolivian troops under General
villainl and the table land, just above Pisagus.
were the two Bolivian regiments Of Colonies Granier
and Bustamante, under the chief command Of the
former. In the town Of Pissgua was small de-
tachment OF Peruvian soldiers. but in view Of the
long expected attack the Chieans it 10 very prob
able that Peruvian achievements were lately sent
thither.
THE CITY AND DErENDEns
Colonel Juan Granier. who probably directed
the defence Of Pisagus. is ono of the most notable
of the officers OF the Bolivian army. He is the son
of q French gentleman. who married in La Paz.
Bolivia. was for many years Belgian Consul in that
city and is honorably mentioned in widdell's
'.Travels" we'll in u recent volume of personal
"Reminiscences by General NarcNb Campero now
commanding the Bolivian vanguard. Colonel Juan
Granier Is about thirty-hve years Of age. is we'll
educated, speaking English, French and German.
the outbreak of the present war was Bolivian
VI
by himself. In La Paz in single week. consisting Of
chotos creoes OF that city. chiefly mechanics and
drilling the Colonel has brought It to high state of
efficiency. Colonel Granier was the prime mover
in the celebrated revolution OF January 10. 1871.
ship Of Megarejo. and he then performed deed
of valor which has rendered his name in
South America synonyme OF patriotic selfsacrifce.
This was nothing less than personally placing cask
Of powder III building which was the key of the
enemy position and ignting it with his own hands
q
dred OF escaping alive. At the moment OF the explo-
as he afterward saio that his features might not be
narrcd beyond recognition. But by some mex
plicabie good fortune. though stunned md lett In
who induced Colonel Hilarion Daza, of the cee-
brated regiment Of curassers. now the President
cooperation to the revolution against Melgarejo.
REVOLUTION.
The rumored revolution in Lima can only have
proceeded from the partisans OF Nicola Pierola the
leader OF two former revolutions against President
as ayio oa1 pee begun BY The pronamieto Of the
officers and crew Of the Huascar in his behalf. and
which was practically Terminated BY the celebrated
that monitor and the British vessels of war
Shah and Amethyst. II will be remembered
surrendered tho Huascar to the legitimate govern
ment of Prsdo. without any conditions in his own
behalf but with the earnest request that the entire
Peruvian squadron should proceed to punish the
British Admiral for his "lnsoence" in prcsuming
to interfere in the domestic quarrels of Peru. The
Captain Juan b. Moore in behalf Of the government
Of Lama. were not ratified Dy the Latter ter, ana
intention OF subjcctipg them to trial. But
the spontaneous ovation which the prisoners re-
ccived from the people of Lima. on their arrival
there induced the government TO permit Pieroa
and most of his officers to leave the country. Ho
proceeded to Europe and was in Chile at the com
mcncement OF the present war. when he returned
to Lima by permission and offered his services to
but but ultimately he was allowed to enlist. from
among the young mon Of good family In Lima the
Eighth regiment OF National Guards, OF which he
Picrola was born In Camsna. In the Department OF
Arequipa, in 1870. beng the of q distinguished
Peruvian scientist of the same name. He received
good education and early distinguished himself by
his aptitude political agitator and his indomia-
tieth year he made Minister of Finance by
President Baia in 1868 and was the leading spirit in
Henry Meisgs and Others. which at the
@ '"sa in Ss w pr5s The
meet the enormous financial engagements Of the
government pierola negotiated ia Europe loans
amounting than 500. OOO.000. Experimenting
the gusno revenues, and for year two everything
was blooming" In Peru rs never before: But rc-
country was plunged into financial ruin. After the
accession OF Prsdo in 1874 Pieroa and all the other
Ministers of President Balta were impoAchcd for
long list Of violations of tho constitutional but al
though tried by hostile Congress. ho was
antawo nism to tho ccii,sfas party founded by
Prado and which raised to power the present adj
ministratOn. The party OF Picrola IL virtually the
old conservative party which has ruled Peru through
most Of independent existence, the party OF
vlvanco of Echeniquo aud OF Balta The attitude Of
Pieroa during the last few months has apparently
been = patriotic one. Ho has refused to offer any
impairment to the war measures Of the ad-
minstration, which no has continually urged
to greater vigor, aud has been frequently
in consultation with the members OF tho
Cabinet. When the OF the loss Of the Huas-
car reached Lima on the 10th ult and commission
was to be immediately despatched TO Europe to
negotiate tho purchase of another monitor Picroa
generally designated by popular opinion for that
post, and he was apparently DESTROYS OF receiving
the appointment Dr. Rosas was. however. APP
pontod. During the popular effervescencc against
the Cabinet presided over by General Manuel
de Mendiburn. which accused of inefii-
cheney, . clxmor was raised certain
quarters for the formation of Pieroa cabinet, but
Pioroln restrained the impetuosity Of his friends
aud declared through his organ. the fdtrfd in favor
OF the continuance of tho crifistds In bearing the
lurdnna nd Of thu situation. in