The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1879-08-21


riod to mature their juice than In
dian corn.
Sixth. The yield of sugar per
acre from a single crop will range
from 1000 TO 5000 pounds, or
equal to the average from the sugar
cane and the beet at their best, and
at one-half the cost. The total
cost of production, including the
! cultivation Of the ground, the har-
vestiug of the crop, manufacture,
{ interest on machinery employed,
r chemicals, royalty, ETC., should not
! exceed p to 3 cents per pound.
The yield of sugar from each gallon
, of dense syrup producedwill vary
! from 8 to III pounds, averaging 10
! pounds. The yield per acre OF
| ground planted may therefore be
! roughly estimated by the known
! capacity of the land in any given
locality TO produce crude sorghum
syrup in former years; 200 gallons
of dense sorghum syrup, crystalliz-
ing 1000 pounds or a ton of sugar
per acre is an easily attainable
yield of good soil with good cult
walton and proper crushing mills
for expressing the juice. OF course
where a crop of corn is planted for
the sugar alone, it must be grown
much more densely on the
ground than when the ripened
grain is the object. For example,
common field corn sown in drills,
so that the corn stems will stand
four to six incher apart-the rows
81 feet apart-yields on soil of me-
dium quality an average of 250
pounds of trimmed stems TO each
loo feet in length of the rows yield
ing to a properly constructed mill
at least GO per cent. (165 pounds)
or juice OF specific gravity l,057, OF
which ten per cent. Tor l6t pounds)
of sugar is by this process easily
extracted, or at the rate OF over a
ton of sugar to the acre Of ground.
In comparison with this, the same
kind of corn, planted in rows the
same distance apart, but in hills Rv-
eraging three feet apart and three
stems to the hill, so that the grain
may be fully developed in the
"roasting ear" state, the yield Of
sugar will be only about one-half Of
that in the former case or about
1000 pounds per acre.
Seventh. The hot summer climate
of this portion of North America is
unequaled for the gEoyth; 10 20 In,or f,-.-o
| Dlan "a ma 49, --AAOleo nv bhO AnbSA-
kationdf Exhibition at Philadelphia
fully manifested, and the Improved
agricultural implements and meth
DDS now in use in maize culture viii
simplify and cheaper immeasurable
It's production.
Eighth. If combined sugar and
| grain crop is desired the largest
stemmed varieties of sweet corn
should be grown. The grain may
be cured by drying when it is in
the proper condition; but the ears
of field corn may be removed De
fore they harden, and fed TO stock,
either fresh or dried. There is
scarcely any difference in the sac
charine strength OF the juice Of
"sweet' and field corn. Sorghum,
however, yields more sugar than
most varieties of sweet corn on ac-
count of its much larger stems.
Ninth. Great advantages is af-
! forded in the manufacture Of the
new sugars from the circumstance
that the period of cutting and
working the crop into dense syrup
occurs at a time when the season
for outdoor work is most favorable
and when the days are long. No
loss is likely TO result from inclem-
ency of the weather. Furthermore,
the process Of manufacture, when
carried on by this system, may
safely be arrested at point where
il may be completed during the
winter, when labor is cheap.
Tenth. A large crop of blades
and tops for fodder, equal to hay
the ripened seed of the cane-which,
when crushed, ls equal To oats, and
the offal OF the sugar factory for
manure, are supplementary TO the
sugar crop and very valuable.
Eleventh. BY judicious treatment
of the soil, returning to IL regularly
all that has been removed from IL
except the saccharine produce, a
sugar crop is the least exhaustive
Of all that can be grown, and inn
provement Of the land Is easy and
certain. New lands are equally
adapted to it.
Twelfth. The force OF the various
natural advantages possessed by
these plants in the United States
will be found 70 be greatly aug
mented by the circumstances that
the departures from the old pro-
cesses Of manufacture now necessR-
ry to be adopted are all in the di-
rection of greater simplicity, cheap
ness, and ease of management in
accomplishing the result--the re-
verse Of what the more complex na-
ture of these juices would seem TO
indicate. 1t will be found, for eH-
ample that the cost of tile manufac
ture of corn or sorghum sugar in
this country can easily be reduced
TO less than one-half che cost Of the
best sugar manufactured in Europe,
the carbonaceous process and the
use OF 0nimal charcoal being entire.
ly dispensed with and the use Of
the vacuum pan being made unneo
essary, and not even desirable, er
cept in the case Of the largest cen
tral factories.
In concluding this brief summa-
ry of the main facts of this subject,
L cannot but express the surprise
which have felt during the whole
course Of these researches that dur
ing the century which has elapsed
since onr birth as a nation no ade-
quate conception has been reached
of the true value Of one of the COM
monest products Of our soil--Our
native Indian corn.
The value of the process itself for
the practical manufacture OF sugar,
independent of my own work, has
been fully determined by the series
OF test experiments made with it at
the Department OF Agriculture last
summer, under the direction of tho
commissioner, by Prof. Collins and
by intelligent farmers in the western