New-York tribune., 1879-09-18

stand The cdual-rlghts amendments "''
legislation of the War for the Union and they ous'
70 stand Great wars always legislate. h''io
moro than a hundred years ago. this lana. "h're
-ro NV are. was claimed and held by France.
Cenernl Wolfe ON the Isains of Ahrahan' sei''eu
,bot lai,, ard the result was the transfer oi TIE
title aud jurisdiction Of this entire section ol ,"o
coun,rv 20 England. For few years It's chiel Iu'er
was the English King. The Revolution i""o"ou'
md the question of its ownership WAS as"' lne
spliecf OF war legislation and II became pant 81
tbe limited states. no Longer under monaichy' nut
under q free Republican Government
10 1rot enter INTO anv discussion of the causes
of orr civil war; We all know that the men VINO
MANNED the destruction of the Union and the estao-
Hshmcnt of the Confederate states based their At
tempt on a construction Of the Constitution called
The ia.c Rights ,ctrine and the interest Of the
p.opie Of those states in heexteuson and perpetual
tio, OF slavery The doctrine If state Rights was.
thai e.ch state was sovereign and supreme. and
nneh. uullify the laws of the Union or secede from
The Union 81 pleasure. They held that slavery was
the natural ard normal condition ot the c0"red
man and that. therefor, slavery IN tins country
coull and should bc the cornerstone OF Tee gov
eminent.
pprs,r,.xr 11vco1N's STATEMENT OF THE ISsCrs
OF TIE WAR.
Noman has ever stated the iSSuos of the civil war
j. N.
Nr. Lincoln. In any inquiry as to what may fairly
be included among the things settled hy our victory,
all inst and patriotic minds nstinctivelv turn 10
Mr. IAncoln To him, more than TO any other man.
The cause Of Union and liberty Is indebted Tor It's
iual triumph. Besides. with al his wonderful sa-
yacifv aad wisdom, and lo,ical faculty. dwelling
ntontly. and anxiously. and pfayeriuliy. dufms
tour years of avfu. trial and responsibility Oh t'o
question:. which were continually arising 20 PeIp''N
md almost confound him. he NJ last became 'i'
rcrv embodiment of the principles hy which the
.ounfr, and lis liberties were saved All good CIV
,cns may now well listen to and heed his words.
Son. hayc more reason to dO 10 with respect ana
,ouGdencc and ~ genuine regard than those Wlom
n. addressed in his first inaugural speech aS my
l.s,ti- fed f-llow-countrymen. Ihe leader oi the
--r,,, ir.,. wa, SO lust and moderate, aul patient
md humane. that many supporters of the Union
Thought that he did not - far enough or last
enough. and a-sailed his opinions and ms co;auc'
,;t nov All men begin 90 see tha the plain people,
Eho AT last came To love hlm and 10 lean upon hs
Wisdom ana irmness with absolute trust, were al
together right, and that IN deed and purpose he was
earnestly devoted To the welfare of the whole coun-
iry. and OF all ITS Inhabitants.
H.i,.yinc that Nr. LiUcons opin ors are OF higher
,uthort. on the questions of the war than those ol
any other public man ON either slide ot the cohtro-
gersy I desire o. present them quite Inlly ana IN
ai. own language. In the tiird year oi the war.
md while ITS result was still undecided. Nr. LIN
.olnmaae his memorable address at the cousccil-
hon of the Gettysburg National Cemetery. on tire
10Th of November 1868. lie was standing ON ihr
Gelof the greatest battle of the war. lie was uo
doubt. deeply impressed with The heavy response
biiiiie. which hc had borne so long tie spoke not
,sarar,i,ln. embittercd aud narrow and sectional.
but i'm tie broad and generous -iirit 0l patriot,
,olclioi, o. say that which would bee worthy 90 bee
Wondered hr an ms countrymcI throughout 80
nine I'm Dis short speech OF only TWO or three
oara.iipls bee twice spoke of tee obj cts ot tho
war, once 100 It's opening dnI agun ln u.s. closing
s..tcrce Tie words have been often quoted. but
thev cannot uc COO familiar. lh,y bear orarlv and
iorrb.y on the question We are considering. Pour
score anl seven wears ago. said Ar. Lincoln. our
athcl- biDscit forth ou tlls continent new. Nj
lion. conceived m liberty ald dedicated To- the
proposition that al men are created equal. Now
Ne alc engaged in great CIVIL war. testing
whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived
md So dedicated. can long endure And again, in
closing. lo said: 1T j. atheT for us that
ycc here h..g resolve that the dead shall NOT have
delln VAIN that the Nation shall, under God, have
anew birth OF codom. aud tai Government of tlc
people. tv thc people aud for the people shall not
perish from Oh" earth. No r'a r'i'.I 9i lr iIle
objects oi lHe war more comp Co. iln tllS iAs ever
been made. ID include them iuhAliiA l.l'-
ertv. Equal Rights and Sci. i.-' .crment. lhcsc
nre the priacules for which the Jm"n s'iiI' 1
f,ualt and ,yiich IL was LIS alan TO mdiutain and
to ptfpctut'c.
lHT STATE EiCIU- poCrAlNc.
UaYv one supposes ihat that construction Of ON
National Constitution whi D. D. known a. the state
Kiehis doctrine is consistent with sonnd principles
let him consider a few paragraphs from Mr.. Lin
eoln', ir, message 20 Congress, a. tAe extra session
pf 1851. Speaking of what was called ,Ae right OF
peaceful -r,rssionthat secession in accordance
wifi the Eatonal Constitution-he said;
This .,plIsu derives much ltinaus me whole, of Us
currency tAc assumption l.at i'te j. ,"iEt oIi
e.eh STATE of our Federal Union. Onr states have
neither more nor less power man iIt isi tu ~ , ~
hay1r. been "a stale OUT OF tar Inon iAt oTEind one
P-s,s'I 'I c'n @ icyefence. ana The new ones each
ramr INTO the Uuion directly from condition oi d'
deuce uns Texas AM even ttAas lu IL. teap'-
rar, , rcrrfcc was never designate. ate. Tia,
new ones uay thc dcsisH o states on CONN
@ gl' % "i "a ' . ir,ita5 Cinu.s' .vcr. declared to bc
Tree ANA independent -tates; but even men the "-
Irc 'tlYy was not dcel.l" ttelr independence oi
,c utser r II the Union hut. directly The contrary.
a. trr mutual pledge aud iacir manual action. before.
nj the time. aud atletWard, auuu0antt t1oW Inc CA
press pnsn'ug aiih by each ani an OF me orisinhi
fhrtceu In the Articles of Confederation, W. wears
later thar The Union shall be'perpttua is ln%s cDhci-
IN IA g. oui, d. Of The Un'on, whence this magical
omup.feuce oi stat KEliS ass fihs - ca,ni Hi a.
Sad about The sovereignty of the ~ttes nni the
non. nor. as j. believed. in any of The s'ate
ron nsttfIt .ons What is o." snvt rreriy,' IN the
poiillcai sense of tue term Would II be i'r wrong
to define % "a political community 'hLOut ponti'al
70 Tcs.td hy this, 10 one o oui -tttc-, eAcrp
I,5, Ycr was "a sovereignty; sad even Texas gave uD
m etItr e. oD coming mo the tuipn; by winch al
ale acknowledged the C'u~titut ou o me Uuttd Si' =
treaties OF tue United states made I'D
pursuance ~ Constitution a. b.. Tor her, The s,-
prem. " OF tac land. TIE -.aic- have ihrf lus III
he tuion ana they other h ga status u neN
reak from this they only dc ~p against law anu %
re,.ur.t Tie Uulpn. ami not themselves srpaicly y,
nroie heir independence and their hnesty. By con
au.st ar purchase. the Union each Oi ih'n what
ever VI independence and lHef3 it hd- Ihr Cnion Us