davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1879-07-03
"Mr." or esq. "

In England to-day the lines are as
closely drawn as in earlier days, with
reference to the mode of epistolary ad
dress to freeman and q gentleman.
That is to say, the city or freemen of
olden times, and in many cases now, is
addressed as Mr., while the gentleman
has his name adorned with an Esquire
at the end Woe be unto the writer of
an cpistlc to u noncity man who omits
Esquire. 1t is an evidence of the under
bred or ignorant, You may fattcr a
city man by giving him this atlix to his
name, but would not offend him by the
prefix OF simply Mr.. In the case of
the non-city man being addressed by let.
ter as Mr., otiensc is created. You
would hardly think that this matter is
dwelt on SO strongly in this age 1t is !;
and | know of cases of friendly relations
being served by the application of trades
men Mr.. to the impecunious West End
gentlemen who demands Esquire,
In the plays Of Massinger | remem-
Der numerous illustrations of this dis
tinction. Yet, as far as my reading goes,
and | must confess to weakness in
reading old books and old subjects, can
not recall sin.le evidence that the word
freeman was not prior in its creation to
the word gentleman, But Mr., cor
cuption of master, all employer of ap-
prentices in trade, is an after appellation
of either In the time of Richard ILL.,,
"a city man was Mr., but no gentle
man" and to-day the distinction obtains
more or less discriminate. At parties,
dinner parties especially, you will see
the plain Mr.. singled out for the minor
places, if he be out of the three liberal
professions, divinity, law and physica and
if he be in trade.
| remember on one occasion a wealthy
banker, now of some note as the success.
sor to II great American tinancier and
philanthropist, whose bronze etfigy is in
the shadow of the Royal Exchange,
being given a secondary place at dinner
table to glowing uniformed captain in
the navy who could not put a penny
side by side with every thousand pounds
of the banker, and who had not an
equivalent proportion Of brain or pedi-
gree, but who ranked the banker i'll his
status by reason Of his profession. One
was Il plain Mr., the other titled cap
tain. One was plain man, the other II
gentleman.
Not until you go into English society
thoroughly do you know how rigidly the
lines are drawn in such weak trifes.
Some say they are becoming weaker and
less Others say the contrary, OF
rank so vague and 50 difficult of q clear
and concise definition as that of gentle,
man, comprising as well those who have
a superior specific station by birth and
manners as those who, if they possess
any at all, possess no other, it is very
awkward how to determine precise
period OF English society when the word
originated For ages after the Norman
forayS here you cannot find the word
used and | am at a loss to say when
"tho fine old English gentlemen so rare,
appeared first on the sol. London
Letter in Baltimore Sun.
, 1879-07-03
Home Produce Market.


The following quotations represent the wholesale
rates from producers oriirst hands;
FLOUR-Quotablc in iobbug lotsat Standard brands,
- 7jn$j 90; best country brands, 81 2jwSi -,
supcrtiuc - Oow$i %.
WIIEhl-Sl 5i"Sl "! for average; milling, 81 Goa
81 Gj.
POTATOES Quotablc at soeo3i COT 100 It's, as tn
description and quality
Jobbhlg at feed, s20"s2j; fine, S2j"
SEA u ton
BRAN Jobbing at per ton slA
OATS Feed per ccntlL Il 2OH3l Is; choice shade
higher
BACON-slcs, o~loc; hams, 1O@l2c: shoulders, ease
HAY Timothy baIcd, buying at SlOC,Sl2 per ton;
weak
LARD-ln kegs none; neH In tins, 01lOc.
BUTTER-We quote choice dairy at 22lc; good fresh
roll, lSm2Oc; ordinary, lj9lSc, whether brine or
solid; common, l2lal5C, market steady; California
fresh roll 2OOt22b
GREEN FRUITS Apples, good to choice, 5Oc@sl per
box; Lines, Sl@Sl 30 per box; Oranges, ;! 50aSi
per 100.
DRIED FRlIlrS-Applts; sun dried 4djc; machine
dried, 0gol0c. Pears machine dried, 7atSc. Pums,
machine dried, lj@rlSc; pited, l0@l2c; with pits,
sale.
EGGS-lSc per dozen.
POULTRY-Hens and roos;ers, 50 506si 90.
CIEESE-OtcgOn, l00nl2lc; California, l01l5c
HOGS-Dressed &c; on foot, ic
BEEF-Liyc weight, 2}Gr3lc, for good to choice,
SHEEP Live weight, 2lm3tc
HlDES-QuOtable at l2H3c for all over l6 lbs, one.
third off for under that, also One.third Of for culls
TALLOW-Q -QuOtable at 5Crjlc
WOOL-Naey none; Eastern Oregon, l6@2lc.
, 1879-07-03
SAN FRANCISCO PRODUCE MARKET

SAN FRANcIsco, June &c.
FIRST DISPATCH.
WaEAT-Shipping, steady at 81 62E@
l 65. Milling, steady, ST 67HC@l 70.
FLOUR-Quiet superfne. Firm extra,
POTATOES-Demoralized, 3O(@4Oc per
sack.
OATS-Feed. firm. Milling, firm.
WOOL-Valley, 23@2Gc, dull. Eastern
Oreaon, l7G2lc, weak.
ENGLISH COTTON MARKET.
LIVERPOOL, June &c.
WHEAT-SDot firm
, 1879-07-03

Gentlemen are not expected to take
their hats off when driving; TO incline their
heads is sufficient
, 1879-07-03
FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL


PORTLAND, June -, 1875.
Legal tenders in Portland, buying par, and selling
at par
cent discount
The New York herald., 1879-10-01

which are to choose Direct Electors OF
Deputies for the Prussian Diet. In Berlin the
majority of the candidates returned are progress
sionists. As far as known at present the re-
suits in the other towns and districts show the
return of 1880 national liberals and progress
lists, 297 conservatives and ultramon-
tanes, 39S clericals and 116 free
conservatives. In the districts of Minister and
Koesfeld all the clerical candidates are re-
turned. The progressists have obtained an
overwhelming majority in Posen. The Ne'os
Berlin despatch says the results of the elections
show proportion of % to in favor of the
liberals.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
MIR. TILDEN'S INCOME TAX.

AN APPEAL FROM JUDGE CHoATEs DECISION
.,.,> .,,c,,r, ov mur oovvpx,spxr
A1>Ai0Ai ~
,rSnrp THE LAW srIfI, MOoTED
BY 1ELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD
w,sursaroy Sent 30 1870
:. ., rr.,., s..,.. n,.,r;.t ,,o,r,
Judge Choate, OF the ohiteo o'a'cs Distrie' Oo"rs
In New York, having denied the motion OF Mr..
o,uo, 7 Ti,dan,s counscl for n bill of partic-
o"""oi '' -.
ulars In regard 10 the suit Ponu'ns luz
the collection of an income tax. tho opin-
4
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
THE ARCTIC YACHT.

from the Evening Mail of Sept. 3O.l
The Jeannette has "bettered expectation" arrv
ing at St. Michaes six days ahead of the accompany
ing schooner. which expected to reach that
place her. and having been able to proceed
st. Lawrence Bay under the most favorable auspices.
Her first selfappointed duty has been to learn all
that could be learned concerning Professor Nor
denskj0ld. and Captain De Long so fortunate
to fall in with o native chief who had boarded
vessel in Kolintchin Bay, where it frozen in,
and afterward in st. Lawrence Bay, and said that
this vessel finally sailed off homeward along the
Kamschatka coast The inference is that the vessel
was the Vega.
AS for the Jeannette's own work. the prospect is
pleasing almost beyond the sangune hopes Of her
enthusiastic officers and crew. They have not yet
been obliged to don their fur garments and have
far enjoyed temperature above IS degrees. Tho
outlook is inviting. everything indicates the
approach Of open winter, and oil the experienced
navigators who have expressed opinion on the
subject have been unanimous in commenting on the
good sense and good luck of the explorers. We may
look for some encouraging news Of progress before
long, as the scientists busy board the staunch
yacht.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01

CAREER OF SPANISH REvOLUTIoNIsT WHO
TOOK PART IN EVERY POLITICAL MOVEMENT
THAT AGITATED HIS COUNTRY AND PRoFIrED
BY NONE.
Ruiz Zorrilla. leader Of the monarchical radicals
of Spain and the statesman who went to Italy to
summon King Amadeus. has long been King
Afonso's bete noire Elected Deputy Of the opposi-
ton from 1856 to 1861 he was one of the vigor
GUS champions of the liberal party. being dis
tinguished for his eloquence. and finally became
secretary of the Cortes. publishing. at this session.
pamphlet called 'Three Negations and One Afiirma-
ton." which violently attacked the Neo-Catholics.
He took art in many revolutionary juntas
and stood in the breach ut many political crises. Ho
expelled from Madrid in June, 1866, and pro-
ceeded to Cadiz with General Prim and Sehor Sa-
gasta. The coup detat of 1872 agained removed him
from power, forcing him to resign not only the
leadership of his party, but his seat Deputy.
Driven out Of Spain a few days after
the restoration OF Don Alfonso, and sent from Bay
onne to Paris upon the demand of the Spanish gov
ernment. he lived in that capital from February.
1875 till the of 1877. This period he claims
to have spent in privacy, without occupying himself
with French politics. without having written o
single line for the Journals without having assisted
ut any public reunion, without having meetings at
his house. having deprived himself of the pleasure
of visiting the Chamber at Versailles, and exagger
atng his voluntary retirement far to refuse
to visit the Masonic lodges, Of which he was
the CHIEF in his country. 81 systematically fol
lowed this line Of conduct" he said. "because
knew the pretexts OF certain governments to make
harder the life of the exile and above all, because
1 knew we'll what owe to tho high position that
had in my country, and tho duties imposed upon
me by my gratitude to the French nation that
during tho four Ministries preceding the pres
ent, without excepting that Of NJ. Do Broglie
gave a generous hospitality" Rumors. how
ever, got abroad in 1877 that he was conspiring
with members Of the International against Spain
and he promptly expelled from France. He
then wrote q letter. at is well to make known"
he said-"for these allegations might be used as a
bad electoral to employ ut this time against the
republican party. model of wisdom and pru-
dencc-that there exists liens between the re-
publicans Of France and the clique that represent
in Span and that it Is clear to everybody that
situations different, and that there is need to
establish concert of action to procure what the
French and Spanish republicans desire for their
separate countries"
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
PRUSSIAN ELECTIONS.

A SIMPLE PERSONAL ISSUE FOR OR AGAINST
PRINCE BIsMARcR--GGEAT MAJORITY OF THE
NATIONAL liberals AND PfoGREssrsTs.
lDY CABLE TO THE HERALD
LONDON, Sept 30, 1879.
The Berlin correspondent of the Times says:-
"The elections which take place to-day and next
Tuesday will he the most critical in thirty
years The issue, by common admission,
is reduced to simple personal one
for or against Prince Bismarck. Tho
correspondent expresses the belief "that
the liberal cause is hopeless and that Prince
Bsnarcks success is iorcgonc conclu-
siom.' A later despatch from Berlin un-
nounces the result OF the elections
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
BREAKERS AHEAD In IRELAND.

FoREsEE SERIES OF AGRARIAN MURDERs-
POSSIBILITY OF A MILITARY OCCUPATION
PARNELL's POLICY.
lBY CABLE TO THE HERALD.
LONDON, Sept. 80, 1879.
The Pail Mall Gazette, in the leading article
briefly summarized last evening" comedies that
the complaints of the Irish tenant farmers arc
mostly genuine; that they for the moment
unable to pay their rent, and that they believe
in their right to remain on the land in every
event. They are fresh from the ex-
hortations of the most popular politician
in Ireland, meaning Mr.. Parnell, to stick
to their homesteads at whatever consequence
Ii the general refusal to pay rent is followed by
wholesale eviction, this again will almost GER
tainly be followed by q series of agrarian Mur-
ders; and unless tho Irish Executive is prepared
to support the landlords by measures amounting
to little less than military occupation of large
part OF the country the landlords will have to
choose between virtually conccding the tenants
claim to tixity of tenure and giving the signal
for an outbreak of something hardly distin-
guishable from civil war. The anti-rent agita-
ton is only one among the other symptoms
of the general unrest of Ireland For the
moment it is the most urgent; but even
if the worst pinch of the agrarian dis
tress were relieved by universal reduction
of rent, there would still be much to dis
quiet us in the condition Of the country.
The enthusiasm by which Mr.. Parnells progress
has been attended has infinitely weakened the
hands of the more moderate home rulers and
cinbodened the ultras, and among its first re-
suits was somewhat to precipitate the proposal
to assemble in national convention. The fate
Of this particular project is ut present UNI
certain, but the agitation upon which the more
violent section of the home rulers have entered
will, in shape or another, produce
its inevitable result upon the party generally.
The troublous prospect in Ireland is not really
affected by the success or failure of any given
scheme for organizing pressure upon the
government The present temper of the
Irish people and their leaders con-
Germs us much more seriously than any
particular proposal for its manifestation,
and while this temper remains what it is.-senli-
seditious among the people and recklessly in
cendiary among tho leaders-the situation must
be grave one, whether the convention ever
meets or not. 1t should be noted that the old
statute, which prohibited conventions in Ireland,
has been repealed.
The Times, in d leading editorial article on
the discouraging effects of Mr. Parnclps policy,
says it would become really formidable only if
it should extend all over Ireland. The Times
does not believe that it will do SO. Nothing, it
says, will tend to paralyze the anti-rcnt projects
more etfectually than the Improvement in the
harvest prospects which is reported from the
greater part Of Ireland
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
RUSS AND TURCOMAN.
THE RUSSIAN JOURNALS PAINT THE GEoK-TErE
AFFAIR IN QUITE ANOTHER HUE-BEURMA IS
OCCUPIED AND THE TEKKEs TAKE TO THEIR
HlELS.
[py cABLE TO THE HERALD.

ny CABLE TO THE HERALD.
LONDON, Sept 80, 1870.
The Inralidc Russe, OF st. Petersburg, gives
the following details of the affair ut Cock
Tepe The Turcomans, numbering $4,000
combatants, with 5000 non-combatants, re-
tired to the fortified village of DengiTcpc,
after having several times unsuccessfully ut
tackled the Russians. The Russian attack on
DcngiLTcpc lasted the whole day. The village
was stormcd at five O'clock in the afternoon.
The Russians were too tired to pursue tho
enemy An official despatch from General
Lomakin confirms the report of the Russian
success, and says that the Russians occu-
pied Bcurna on the 18th Of September"
The special dispatches OF the Daily .Ne,rs from
Tchilsislar and st. Petersburg also give differ
cnt account of the Geok-Tcpc affair from that of
the official report autographed from st. Peters
burg yesterday. The Tchikislar telegram merely
says there was severe engagement between
the Russian advance guard and the Turcomans.
The Russians lost 200 killed. The st
Petersburg telegram says the engagement re-
suited in the temporary capture Of Gcok-Topc.
The opinion prevails at Baku that the expcdi-
ton will return and winter at Tchikislar in con-
sequence of the sickness upd the scarcity of
provisions. General Tergukasof had arrived ut
Tchikislar, replacing General Lomakin in the
command.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
CABLE NOTES.

The striking cotton operatives at Mossley have
copied the masters terms.
The strike of tho cotton operatives ut Wigan oon-
tinucs and about four thousand nvo hundred opera
tivcs now out.
Tho professor sent by tho Prvy Council to inspect
the 1.-Two stock brought to Liverpool by tho steamer
Quebec, found no trace OF foot and mouth disease.
A meeting OF delegates from tho South Yorkshire
and North Dcrbyshire miners associations. At
Barnslcy decided to resist any reduction of wages to
the utmost.
Tho ironworkors at Hartlcpool and stockton have
followed tho example OF the ironworkers at Jarrow
and resumed work under protest against tho award
by Mr.. Dale. tho arbitrator.
The suspension of the Hamburg house Of wodstein
Is announced. 1t has involved that Of Meyer. Of
Lagos, with liabilities to tho amount Of 100000
marks Threo Manchester houses arc among tho
creditors.
A Berlin despatch to tho Daily standard ssys -
.In order to promote the direct export of Russian
grain to England tho sum OF 100000 roubles has
boen assigned for improving the Esthonian harbor
of Baltic port"
Mcssrs. Cohen & Co.. tho London rag Dealers in
form the Pal MAI Gazette that they have instructed
their agents at New York to take the necessary steps
against certain newspapers there respecting articles
published by them in regard to tho cargo of the
steamer Castlewood. which arrived at Now York
from London on September 4, and concerning which
there was a rumor OF ncondiarism on board.
Paris despatch to the Tmes says advices from
Vienna announce the suspension Of Messrs Schd
Il Co.. large firm of drapcrs. Their liabilities
amount to 100000 norns. Several Paris and Lyons
houses are among their creditors. Messrs. Scbcr n
Jerabek, cotton merchants OF Vienna. have also
failed. with liabilities amounting to 10000 forins
This latter failure Affects parties in Manchester and
Liverpool.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
THE AMERICAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION.
INTERVIEW WITH HE CAPTAIN OF THE
EXPEDITION PREDICTED.

SCHOONER FANNY A. HYDE-sUcCEss OF THE
EXPEDITION PREDICTED.
lBY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD
SAN Francisco. Sept. 80. 1879.
In interview with your correspondent to-day
Captain Peterson. of the schooner Fanny A. Hyde.
which accompanied the steamer Jeanette to Beh-
ring Strait stated that the Jeanette went through
Behring Strait AZ we'll prepared for long deten-
ton in the Arctic Seas II it should be found
necessary US any vessel and could possibly be.
By this time. he said. Captain De Long has chosen
his winter quarters at Herald wrangel Island.
At either place he would put up on the shore de-
pot containing half his provisions. as precaution-
ary measure against any possible crushing OF the
vessel in the spring by the moving leo.
FAIR PROSPECTS,.
Owing to the abundance OF supplies, food and
clothing the Jeanette the admirable order and
discipline maintain on board Captain Peterson
has the greatest confidence in the Of the
pedition.
The morning and evening papers here publish the
despatch brought by the Fanny A. HYDE which ap-
peared in the HERALD of this morning and very
great interest ia felt here in the expedition inte
gence from which is looked for with eagerness.
LIEUTENANT DE LONGS REPORT TO THE NAVY
DEPARTMENT..
WAsHrNGToN. Sept 80. 1879.
The following despatch from Lieutenant De Long.
commanding the Arctic steamer Jeanette. re-
ccived at the Navy Department this morning:-
Sr. LAWRENCE BAY. Siberia, Aug. 81, !
via SAN Francisco. Sept 30 1879
Hon. r. W. THOMPSON Secretary Of the Navy Wash
ington. d. C.-
Arrived 25th; leave for Cape Lodge Kamen to-
night All we'll. Natives report Nordenskj0ld
passed south three months ago, stopping here
day. having wintered in Kalntchin Bay. Mentioned
one officer Russian, who spoke the native lam
guage, named "Charpish." possibly Lieutenant
Rordquish, of tho Russian Navy. accompanying
Nordenskjold. who said the ship going home
Leave here to verify account along the coast Hope
to reach Wrangel's land this season.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
ZORRILLA'S COALITION.

THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT TAKING ALARM,
ARRESTS MANY OFFICERS AND CIVILIANS
THROUGHOUT THE couNrRY-sErzuRE OF
CLASDEsTINE PRINTING EsrADLlsnMENr.
[BY CABLE TO TIE HERALD.l
LONDON, Sept. 30, 1870.
A Madrid despatch to the Daily Nc,cs says:-
''In consequence of intelligence from the
Spanish Embassy ut Paris confirming the report
of the coalition Of the democrats and radical
rciormsts with Sehor Zorrilla many retired
officers and field officers as well us civilians
have been arrested ut Barcclona, Seville, Sara-
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
INLoRIIINE-rUR THE TEETH AND BREATH

.Bow Bells" April IL. 1871 has tho following The
beauty OF tho aud the teeth have over
been thees which poets aud noveliss OF all
nu,s have dwell but the beauty OF the eyes
would bc without the teeth whereas good set OF the
latter without the sparkle OF the always renders the
attractive In both Ctcnnincss necessary
above In the preservation OF tho teeth but yce
over In their often defeats the cnd
which Is aimod at Many tooth powders In which acds
or minerals Incorporated whiten the teoth Tor
time frequent OF them wonii oaiy naston
their destruction Indeed. tooth powders shoaid always
be with caution Personalities in huuu iorm are
preferable othcr and II these have vegeape vass
nothing better Among these latter none VIII Dc
found cacOus than the exquisite toilet reiusto
called Fragrant fiofine IL has been anaiyheu oy tuo
all corrosive irritating ngredients A lew usops on
produce deli ghtful foai wncn sicsnses
all impurities swectcns tho prcath nsruene
tho aud arrests the progress OF decay rms mu
IL tho great aim to be arrived at anu n's
tho Fiorno has already bccoe great anu az
served favorite" Ask druggist TO get you posS
Price. 90 cents
"Fiorincr Is prepared only by HENRY g. GALLUP.
400 Oxiord ST. London and sold by all druggists through
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
EUROPE.

A YOUNG MAN, RESIDING HERE THE LAST TEN
years. would like take the sole agency of good
articles for Geruany heaiquaers AZ frankfort-onthe-
Main. Address r., box 100 Herald Office
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE, CHANCERY
lpvison Mr. Justice FryIn the matter OF the trusts OF
annuity of c3i U.s. Od jequcathed BY ccdcil 70 tho
will o: Charles Favcli In of William fsvic and
accumulaons thcrcof and tho Trustees Relief act 10 aud
IL Nct Cap Whcroas by order of the High Court
of Justice Chancery Division dated the 9th May, SIo
made this matter aud inquiry directed whether the
said William Favio Is living dead and u dead, when
he died. must bc assumed to have died Now pursuant
to such ordcr the persons claiming 10 pe the
said William favie be entitled IN hts righ 10 the
said annuity or the accumurtons thereof are oy Their
solicitors before the 3st Of October lso 10 como
in and his their claims ut the chambers oi the
Wee Chancellor Mans No. Stone buildings; l,ncons
Inn. Middcsox In default thereof he aud they VIII be
peemptory excluded from the benefit OF thc said order
Friday the 7th of November. IS nj II o'clock ~ noon
the said chambers is appointed Tor hearing ana adud
eating upon the claims. William Faveil emigrated 70
America about istD and heard OF IN July, lS1
lie resided ut visited Clarksburg. Marquette Mehgn
Toledo Onto; Rome ". V; Monkstown. Now Brunswck,
and Lake Superior Toronto aud Montreal this uth
August tS79 ALFRED RAWlINSON, Chief CLERK.
SIDNEY HAMILTON n Urcat James Bedford row Lon
don, England, Solicitor for the Petitioners.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01
BISHOP STEVENS ILLNESS.

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 80. 1879.
Bishop stevens condition is still considered pre-
carious by his physician. DIR. Mayer. He is still ut
wiikcsbarre. and is suffering from combination
,f compiaints of which the most conspicuous is a
bronchial affection, which is 80 bad that he IL
nblo to speak above whisper, and IL will bc months
before he can recover his voice. Thus he will DO
necessitatcd to koep in retirement from his do-
cesan duties.
The New York herald., 1879-10-01

eossa valladolid and Ferrol. These cases viii
be referred to q court martial. Arms and a
clandestine printing establishment have been
seized by the police" The Standards Madrid
despatch says that Serrano, CASTELAR, and Car
vaial have decided to return to that city. They
dsclaim connection with the revolutionary agi-
tation.