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, 1879-03-08
Ultt Gttbat>te,
TERMS or sttBsCtatFTI0E.

1T Mltt--fr ADvANtE-FotrA0H rhEf1fD.
TaffY Edition, Dnt yt4f.... ..s.ss..... s+.81$s
PGtfa Of Sesr, rcf II ontn ::{:.M.:s AsVU
bundtY Edition: LttcFkfy and nclfTloaf Uo1n3a 800
sstufdSY EdiLlNn, ti1tctn paues.ts."........ 2.OU
.wEEKhT EDITION, POSTPAID.
pcf ychr. t+!
Cfuh OF fOit ...''..++tt 49iH
Club qt Ton. AsHH
ElNp Of 2u'uO
Freeltncn copies 4eht freq. ..
Gtse rottO1ce address IN fn1i. Including saso and
County. '
ftmtttahecs mar be made either by draft. cxprcts
PostOaoe order. Of Ia registered letter. At our stsk.
rEnMs 70 CtrT suHscHlnKns.
Daily. delivered, SUNDAY excepted. u conts per week.
DAILY DELIVERED, Sunday included. 10 cents per weak.
Addrcas THE TRIBUNE COMPANY.
Corner Nfailson and Dearhorn.ss.+ Chicago I'll.
f3rtere for the de!gYcry Of TIE TnIEuHK At E*ant.
Ens1ewood. and Hfdo rark left IN tho connttn9'soon
vii, receive prompt attention.
, 1879-03-08

Exposition 1tuldlnE.
Lake Shore, foot OF Washington street. Madame
Anderson. tho Ftdestr1cnnc
, 1879-03-08
AMU8ENtE EN.rS.

NfcVtcker'A Theatre.
tfadfton Etfett, between Df arborn md State. En-.
gasemcnt Of Rlco's Surprise rasty. "Dabes io the
Wood.n Afternoon aud evening.
, 1879-03-08


dearborn street, corner Of Monre. Engaksrcnt
Of tho Ee~ York Standard Theatre Company. "Ai'
most tilo." Afternoon and evening.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
WEBSTER AS A FARMER

To the end of his long and busy life,
Daniel Webster retained the love of the
country and of farming which he acquir-
ed IN his childhood 1t was always with
joy that he returned from the scenes of
his public labors and triumphs to his cosy
home at Marshfeld and his we'll titled
fields at Franklin. The quiet pursuits of
the farm; the planning of his crops; the
rearing of his cattle, his sheep, his pigs
and hens; the improvement in cultivating
lands; the care of his horses all interest
ed the great statesman fully as keenly as
graver questions of state, and oratorical
victories at the Capitol
One day, he asked his son Fletcher and
friend who was visiting him to go out
with him to the barn and see his cattle.
He fed them with delight, and turning to
his companions with smile, said:
81 like this. l had rather be here than
in the Senate. 1t is better company"
When at Washington, engaged in abb
sorbing duties as Senator or Secretary of
State, he seldom let day pass without
writing to his farm overseers at MAJ sfield
and Franklin, telling them just what to
plant and what to pillow, what horses to
buy, and what cattle to sell. Webster dis
covered the value of kelp, or sea weed,
as a rich manure for land, and brought it
into general use in his neighborhood. He
was probably as skilful farmer as lived
in New England, and showed the same
wisdom in this as in public affairs.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
FATTENING HOGS

There is right way as well as wrong
way to do everything, and in no undertak-
ing is 1t more apparent than in fattening
livestock. Some farmers who yearly fat
ten and market many hundred weight of
pork, let the porkers depend all summer
and part of the fall on grass alone until ia
ken up late in the fall for fattening.
When the field is good clover run with
plenty of fresh water, they win do COM
paratively well so far as keeping in good
growing condition is concerned, but they
will lay on but little fat. The proper prin-
ciple to adopt is to feed small quantity
of grain to the porkers each day, all the
time pigs are running on grass, for it will
improve them much more rapidly, they
will lay on much fat, AND the flesh will be
frmer and better than when confined en-
tirely to grass. Of course it saves the corn
not to feed any during the grass growing
weather, but such saving is no saving
at all, for you get an increased profit from
both grass and grain when fed as above.
When taken up to fatten, the pigs should
be divided off into pens of from five to
ten animals and gradually accustomed to
large feeds of grain. Cleanliness is con-
ductive to health, and unless closely OBJ,
served will soon sweep off the profits,
present and prospective.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25

The following Deputy Lecturers have
peen appointed by Worthy Master Oar
den, under the act of the State Grange at
Okolona in December last:
Alcorn, Prentiss and Tishomingo counties-B.
B. Boone, Bonneville
Amite-Maj. George F. Webb, Liberty.
Attalla-L. S. Terry, Kosciusko.
Bolivar and Sunfower-G. w. Wise, Concor-
dia.
Carroll-E. w Tarrant, Black Hawk.
Claiborne-W. H. Kerr, Port Gibson.
Clay-Dr. d. B. Hill, Palo Alto; w. H. Duke
miner, Vinton.
Copiah-W. J. Rea, A. P. Barry, DIR. A. Hun
ter, Jesse Thompson, jr., VIM. Kenthly, A. B.
Guion, Hazehurst.
De Soto-T C. Dockery, Loves Station.
Fl anklin-S. S. Montgomery, T. J. Scott,
Meadville
Hinds-H. o. Dixon and L. F. Afford, Jackson.
Holmes and Lefore counties-Baxter Wilson,
Lexington.
Jasper and Newton-J L. Hardy, Newton.
Jefferson-W. L. Harper, Fayette.
Lafayette-G. w. Gill Oxford
Lee and Itawamba-H. L. Holland, Guntown.
Lincoln-John NJ Grafton Brookhaven.
Lowndes--C w. Shedd, Caledonia
Marion-E. T. Hudnall, China Grove.
Monroe-E. L. Sykes, Egypt.
Panola-Col. John Dickens, Pamela
Pike. 9. Leggett, Holmesvile.
Pontotoc-R. c. Galloway, Pontotoc.
Rankin-W. A. Lofin, Stems Creek
Scott-Dr. w. J. Lack, Forest.
Simpson,. c. McLaurin, Mt Zion.
Smith county,. B. Sigrist, Polkville.
Tallahatchie-A. c. n. Shelley, Charleston
Tippah and Benton-Julius johnson ,Jonesboro.
Warren-G. NJ. Bachelor, Walter Billingsly,
Vicksburg.
Wilkinson-Dr. H r. w Ford, Woodvile
Yazoo-A. M. Hicks, Benton, w D. Gibbs,
Yazoo City w. L. WILLIAMS,
Secretary State Grange.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
DOES YOUR FARMING PAY?

Put the question, says y. I Il. in an eX-
change, to the average farmer, and per-
haps he will tell you he thinks farming
does pay Possibly he will answer, 81
think not;" but very probably, if he says
what he actually thinks, he will say that
he doesn't know. Ask the same man how
much money he cleared from a certain
potato patch, or whether he gained any
thing from certain field planted to corn,
and in either case you receive the same
answer: 81 don't know" And probably
if this man runs his farm or lets his farm
run him) for twenty years to come, he will
never know the exact cost of his crops or
whether or not his crops are a gain or
loss to him. - -..F
Farmers, 'open your eyes and know
what you are about! When you plant
corn, estimate what the use of your land
is worth; estimate the worth of your time
spent in preparing the land and in tend
ing the crop; estimate the value OF seed
and fertilizers used. Put all down in wri-
ting, and when you have harvested the
crop, estimate what it is worth. You can
easily find out your exact gain or loss.
Keep an account of each crop you raise;
keep an account of your hogs and your
sheep. Five minutes day spent in prac-
teal book keeping won't impoverish you.
Do business in business way. What
would be thought of merchant or man.
ufacturer who kept no account? They
couldn't do business that way. But are
we smarter than they?
Farmers, keep your accounts, and know
where your money comes from; know
what crops pay the most; know whether
your hogs and sheep pay or not. Then
you will know where to invest your time
and money. Lay by this shiftlessness, and
dofbusiness as you should, and you will
be gamers by it.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
SHEEP MANAGEMENT.

A correspondent of the Elmira IN. Y. }
Club gives the following as a remedy for
ticks on sheep:
Several years ago 1 purchased some
sheep and found them covered with ticks.
AT shearing time the ticks left the sheep
and fastened on the lambs; so / procured
some tobacco and boiled one pound and
half in five pals of water, then took the
lambs and thoroughly washed or soaked
them in the decoction, keeping their noses
in one hand SO the liquor could not get
into their stomach or lungs. That was the
last of the ticks.
Another correspondent: Mix little sui
pher with salt aud feed occasionally
through the warm weather. 1t will effect
ually cure the sheep of all ticks. | keep a
few sheep and have not seen tick on
them in two years. The same remedy APP
piled to cattle troubled with lice will soon
rid them of the vermin.
The use of sulpher with salt well repays
the trouble of keeping supply for cattle
and sheep. If a mixture of one part of
sulpher with seven of salt be freely APP
piled there will be no trouble with YER
min. You can give horses the mixture
with good effect.
LIN s1lNlSC 10 eiioO SlNSi-
Get the best sheep, 2. Take good care Of
them, feed grain "a pint of chop or its
equivalent per day. and roots all winter
:. Have lambs come in March, and sell
about the 18th of July, for as the "early
bird catches the worm, so the early lamb:
catch the best market. l have had lambs
which came in March dress on the 18th OF
July from 28 to 81 pounds.
NoIxy t,ara &c fbi,,cr T would
like to call attention to. That is water
Sheep drink very little at a time, but
drink often. Therefore, if possible,
would bring water in pipes to each of the
sheds and the main buildings, supplying
small tubs. With this arrangement the
sheep will frequently leave their feed, &C
and take drink and return to their feed
AS substitute have filled the tubs twice
day from the spring. In the abence Of
water in the winter have known sheep
to leave their feed to eat snow. If all this
care is too much trouble I would advise
you to keep no sheep, as they only pay in
proportion to the care given.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT.

below is list of the General and County Dep
ntles commissioned for the year 1879. Counties
n nav no deputies, will please recommend suit
able persons, and they will pe pro,nntlv comr,;s.
stoned 1t is earnestly desired that the Order in
every part OF the State shall be revived
GENERAL DEPUTIES
J.; v: Scott, Texarkana, Miller county.
w. r. Price, Conway, Faulkner county.
COUNTY DEPUTIES.
". w. Pace, Camden, Ouachita county.
r; W. Parker, Potts Station, Pope county.
homas Orr, Texarkana Miller county
% Is. n. huffman, Hampton, Calhoun county.
L. J. Rice, Tulip, Dallas county.
henry Shirley, Van Buren,, Crawford county.
1'avld K. Ford, Batesvie, Independence CO.
j. r. Dawson, Smithville, Lawrence county.
Robert w. Hail. Canton, Fulton county.
w. II. Coghill, Cross county
1t is to be hoped that every Deputy will put
forth his best efforts to restore the Grange in Ar
kansas to its former prosperity.
]. V. SCOTT,
Secretary Arkansas State Grange
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
HORACE GREELEY ON LAWYERS.
- IndianabOLiS Tonrnak Letter. -


s.Mr. Greeley" said Partridge, ''ths is Mr..
Denslow a young attorney" Greeley uttered
short grunt of recognition, but did not even look
around 1, embarrassed, shrunk away to one cor
ner and took chair. He went on around the
room, looking at pictures and what-not, and in
about FIVE minutes, when his back was turned on
me- and 1 thought he had forgotten me, he sud-
denly without looking at me, said: "Hem! So
YOU'RE an attorney, are your" | confessed it. Il
hate lawyers!" he exclaimed, emphatically. 81
hate lawyeas; they do more mischief than their
heads are WORTH
81 suppose they are necessary -evil?" | sug-
gested, deprecatingiy. 2H
"Whelly unnecessary" he insisted. ,
81 suppose you will acknowledge, said, that
they promote good order and remove impeoi-
ments to good government
"Tust the contrary! just the contrary! ne
squeaked in his odd fa.setto; they cause disorder,
and are the chief obstacles to good government, ,
thought the was crazy Ferhaps you
will tell me-" l suggested, "how debts would be
collected without lawyers ....sf..s. q
Don't want 'em collected! don't want EN-
collected!n he squeaked; "f lets b have his
property without payment, j don't see why c.,
e. f. and all the rest of the alphabet, should be
called on to serve police to get back! No
debt should be collected by law. It's monstrous!
Let mau trust another man at his risk.
Even gambler pays his debts that he isn't legally
obliged to pay and calls them debts of honor; but
men win put their property out of their hands to
prevent the legal collection of their grocery bills
Abolish all laws for the collection of debt, and
that would abolish most of you lawyers-good
riddance!'
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25

A New Orleans paper puts good deal
of sound political economy in very few
words, and suggests an effective remedy
for the lack of population in Louisiana
when it says:
eve think the best thing our planters
can do is to divide their immense fields
into smaller tracts, in order to put them
within the power of the enterprising and
industrious class to purchase. We want
capitalists to come South and invest their
money in our lands, but at the same time
we think it more to the future interests OF
the State to encourage the honest, indus
trious and enterprising small farmers to
settle in our midst and here secure homes
for themselves and children. With our
lands settled and cultivated, every part OF
Louisiana would be as free from malarial
fever as is now Southern Illinois, portions
Of which were once considered uninhabi-
table. If our planters would only act upon
this suggestion, they would soon dispose
of all their surplus land which is now lying
idle, and it would be purchased by class
of thrifty people from other sections who
would put it in cultivation, and by this
means the wealth, prosperity, and what is
of infinitely more consequence, the health
of the country would be increased ten
1 fold"
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
uTHE PATRON OF HUSBANDRY"

L II
ADOPTED BY THE STATE GRANGE
OF MISSISSIPPI AS ITS OFFICIAL
JOURNAL, DEC. Il, 1873
The Special committee on the Grange
Press made the following report:
Your committee on that portion of the Mas
er's Address referring to the Grange Press, have
had the same under consideration, and heartily
approve the suggestions therein contained, and
Especially do they approve all that he says in
recommendation of THE PATRON OF HUSBAND
|RY," published at Columbus, in our State, as a
journal earnest and Jealous in our cause, and ev-
cry way worthy of the support and should be in
the hands of every Patron in Mississippi and the
entire Southwest; therefore, we would offer the
following resolutions and ask their adoption:
Resolved, That THE PATRON OF HUSBAND
RY,' published at Columbus by Bro. w. H. Wor-
Ellington, be adopted the official organ of this
State Grange.
Resolved, That the Mootor, Secretary, Execu-
tive Committee, etc, publish all official orders,
crcuars, etc, in THE PATRON, and that the off
GERS OF the State Grange contribute regularly to
Its editorial columns.
Resolved, That the State Oranges of Florida
Alabama Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana and
Texas be requested to take similar action and each
State Grange conduct department in said Jour
nal
Resolved, That this State Grange earnestly
appeals to the more active members CT the Order
Z n the above States to aid in extending the circu-
latIon OF The PATRON as an important means
sot building up and perpetuating the Order.
L. B. SMITH,
II. Abr, 0'''''''''
Report adopted unanimously.
w. L. WILLIAMS,
Secretary State Grange.
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25

conditions in the light of chemistry and
animal physiology, of geology and metre
orology, but we must give them in some
degree separate and discriminating ateen-
ton in different sections of the country.
Such skill must be carried further, and
made to include the products of animals.
There has already come a depression of
the dairy interest, because quality has
been sacrificed to quantity; and even re-
sultant cheapness does not much enlarge
demand and overcome disgust for inferi-
or products. Butter should be made from
cleaner milk, kept at even temperature,
put up in neater and more convenient
packages, and brought to the doors of the
consumers with greater directness and less
exposure to many causes of injury Cheese
should be made to ripen so slowly that it
may be purchased in larger quantities
than by the pound without the risk of
spelling, and in such variety of forms and
methods of manufacture as to suit the
tastes of the scores of nations that would
furnish purchasers and which have al
ready their representatives in large num-
bers in this country. We want woods bet
ter suited to some peculiar requirements
of manufacture handled with more skill
anu oOIlCd 1OL SdICs " oCSuIC IlOIC Ideally
their real value. Growers have been urg
ed to produce all the kinds required by
the factories, which is grave mistake,
for it is sincerely to be hoped the coarser
carpet woods may never be produced here.
There is room for invention, skill, tact.
economy, in a thousand directions in the
production, domestic distribution and ex-
portation of animal products. The mil
lions lost by preventible disease, by ex-
posure and starvation of farm animals,
must be saved in the future; the animals
thrown overheard, the carcasses spoiled
in ocean transportation, must be reduced
to minimum; the myriad economies to
be sought and perfected, all the way from
the prairie grass to the highest form of
flesh that in grass, must yet coin fortunes
from margins now too small to be percep-
tible to the eye of Yankee thrift
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
COTsWOLDS AND MERINOS.

Will some reader of the "Coun try Gen
tleman" tell me the average yield per head
of Cotswold and American Merino sheep?
Which is the hest breed for wool-that is,
which will produce the best and most
wool, and sell for the highest price?
Which is the easiest breed kept, and
which is the best for farmer who wishes
to produce from 500 to 1000 pounds of
wool per year for market? L. H. q.
Jacksonville, Arkansas.
The inquiries of 7. H. G. regarding
Cotswolds and Merinos, can hardly be
categorically answered. 1t cannot, be said
that either breed or either wool is the best
but one is better than the other under GER
tain circumstances. While Cotswold wool
sells for s or 10 cents more on a pound
than the Merino, yet the latter may be re-
ally the more profitable Of the two The
Merino is certainly the easier to keep, but
1T depends much upon circumstances,
which would be better for a farmer TO
keep. To go into particulars little might
give the best idea for your correspondent.
The Cotswold is, large bodied, long
wooded sheep; hardy and thrifty when
we'll kept and supplied with good pastur-
age and roots fol- winter feeding, and kept
in small hocks. 1t averages 100 to 40
pounds in weight of carcass, and bears a
fleece of about eight pounds, There are
larger sheep and heavier wool-bearers
than this, but this is fair average. The
Merino is harder than the Cotswold, and
thrives under neglect in which the latter
would fail. 1t will live on light pasture,
herds well, will live without roots and
keep in condition on hay and corn-fod-
der with a small supply of corn It's
weight is from So to 100 pounds and the
fleece of fine short wool averages about
pounds when-f freed from grease, dirt and
yolk; or 6 pounds when washed on the
sleeps back. Three Merinos can be kept
as easily as two Cotswold's, and 200 or
goo can be herded safely together. A
pound of Merino wool can be produced
for less than pound of Cotswold, and
the former for 80 cents per pound brings
more profit than the latter at 40 cents;
that is considering the wool production
alone. In Arkansas or any other South
ern States it is doubtful if Cotswold would
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25
COTTON MANUFACTURE.

Hon. !. F. Awtry's speech recently de-
livered in the Georgia Legislature, con-
tanned some notable points. The most
striking extracts are those referring to cot
ton manufacture. For example, Mr. Aw-
try said:
Georgia produced at least 100000 bales
of cotton in 1873. This cotton, at the very
low prices that prevailed, was worth &c.,
10000. If we had converted this raw
material into yarns and exported it in that
shape, it would have added 100 per cent
to its value. Initead of $z2, 100000 we
would have had SIS ,ooo,o 900. If, after con-
verting it into yarns, we had made cloth
of it, would have so increased its value
that the crop would have been nearly
equal to 500, 600, 900. AS matter of course
L do not pretend to accuracy in this state
ment, but offer it as an approximation
merely to indicate the very great increase
in value that results from the manipula-
tons of the manufacturer. x
The most extensive cotton spinner in New
England, perhaps in the world, has trav
elled over the South and attentively con-
sidered our advantages, and he admitted
that he could spin cotton at from s to 7
per cent cheaper than he could in New
England. But the truth is we can spin cot
ton from 10 to II per cent cheaper in
Georgia than in New England. The ex-
penses on one hundred pounds of cotton
shipped from here to Providence, Fall
River, or Lowell, will amount to I24 per
cent on present prices. This expense the
spinner here can save, or very nearly save;
this gives us the in the item of cost of raw
material clear advantage of 10 per cent.
This of itself is a good profit. In addition
to this we have great advantages in eli
mate and water power. The only advan-
tages that New England has over us is in
skilled labor; but that advantage will be
temporary. So soon as our people turn
their attention to cotton spinning in earn
est this will vanish. The point | wish to
make is this: If New England can ex-
port cotton goods to the old world and
successfully compete with English spin
ners and others right at their doors, what
could not Georgia do with her unequalled
advantages, if her energies and capital
were once turned in this direction?
The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883, 1879-10-25

thrive under the best care, as they are inn
patient of great heat; while Merinos en-
dure heat remarkably WE'LL Grades of
either breeds are the most profitable; and
flock of native ewes will soon be made
the basis for flock of three-quarter bred
sheep, which will be far better than pure
bred ones. Your correspondent would
doubtless do best to procure a flock of
native sheep and few pure Merino rams
and grade up to three-quarter bred sheep.
Country Gentleman.