The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1879-12-10

"Asueu, winch II SOLuo no"oS 40
owing to their being grated on free
stocks, which enlarges the fruit, but
renders the flesh less firm, the flavor
not SO quick, and is apt to be dry and
mealy; therefore it should always
be grated on the Crab stock; the
fruit will be better favored and will
keep longer.n Is not this precisely
the testimony we have now?
A writer in the "Massachusetts
Agricultural Repository" Vol H.,
for 1904, page so, said, that "Gratt-
ing not only increases the restraint
put upon the dwarfs as to the growth,
but serves to intermix the qualities OF
fruits" In the same work tor
1910, pages SO and 70, writer says,
can apple is said to exist in New
York, in America, which is asserted
to be sour on one side of it and
sweet on the other side, and to have
been produced by Sitting a scion OF
sour apple, and another similar one
OF sweet apple, taking care to cut
the buds of each scion with a very
sharp knife exactly in halt, and by
applying them, and binding them
nicely together, and then engratting
the double scion on tree" In the
same work such an apple is re ferred
to in quotation from Mr.. Bradley,
who attempted to explainit by cross
fertilization. This curiosity, which is
well known to some of us, is referred
to in the "Gardener's Monthly" tor
1869, page 358, by P. Barry, who
doubts its being obtained by bud
splitting or by crossing, but would
sooner think a sweet apple scion was
grated on a sour stock. q tg
Again, what is the process called
ennobling fruit, but recognition of
the effect of the stock upon the fruit
Of the graft One choice variety is
grated upon another that the quality
OF the fruit OF the stock may be i'm
parted to the fruit of the graft. So
OF double working. 1t is based on
the same idea.
A few words in regard to sports.
| recollect some apples brought here
in 1869, and reported in the Transac.
tons OF the Society, by Nathaniel
Whiting, OF Amherst, N. H., for
merly Of .Dedham, who stated that
he grated Baldwin scion upon a
Seeding. In 1854 the tree was
twelve OF fourteen inches in diane.
ter, and had borne Baldwinss tor
many years s4aq,e4e asi1a Dit.
about twenty feet from the ground
whichin 1868 bore the fruit exhib.
tied, and which he proposed 10 call
winnings Sport. They were be.
tween Baldwins and Russets. 1t is
easy to call such cases sports. But
when we consider that nature never
acts except IN accordance with
fixed laws, the term sport is not sat
lstactory. What are sports, SO
called, but the operations OF natural
laws which We cannot comprehend
we have in this respect advanced
further In the animal than in the veg
etable kingdom. When the farmer
hnds a colt Unlike both its parents
bearing the unmistakable features OF
old Black Hawk, he no longer calls
1t a sport, but looking up the pedi.
gree OF the parents, away back,-it
may De, three or four generations
ne mas Black Hawk ancestor.
Inns explains the so-called sport. So
IN frult: When we better under.
stand the relation between stock and
graft we shall better explain vegeta-
Die sports. We shall often see the
stock cropping out in the graft.
have thus far endeavored to pre-
sent facts based on reliable testi-
mony. Let me now attempt an ex-
PLANTATION Of some OF them, trusting
that it may lead to a more thorough
examination than I can give.
1t will not be controverted that
the crude sap ascends from the roots
through the sap-wood to the extrem.
tiles, terminating in the buds, and
thence passes into the cambium layer.
1t WILDE remembered that the cam
blum layer envelopes every living
part, and separates, or lies between
the sapwood and the bark. In this
layer all the buds originate, and all
growth is made. Nothing grows
outside Of it except the bark. As
the buds expand and form shoots,
they carry their envelope, the cam
blum layer, with them. AS in ami
NAL life there is no connection be-
tween the arteries and the veins ex-
cept at the extremities, and so the
ascending sap has no connection with