, 1879-07-05

them. Tho conduct Of Napoleon ia less eaAy OF
e9'clsns'St' ,, ow he cnl dare ha the wrath
Cesar III tc face Of tho cnIightened civilization
Of the ninetcenth century ia one Of tho tnsrvo;s
Of modern history. When, With The presump~
ernmeot, a @ ,E"'The scoptre," tat d to .as. Tie
Btntc, "ta man, md oui that man,'t-he
challenged the ror'd 70 s!ngls combat, and tho
world rosscssed,, whati The prlnisng-press!
rieaj Napoleon cxp.atch his auAaclty at 81.
Heleuai The rrlntIng-prcss tltspeIletl the 'ntAls
Of the dark eecs.. H. Aprend abroad ths best
di!luscd among tho people the acts OF R!ncs.
ii they were brutal, cruel, base, aud mean,
st1ll II recorded shetu; and them like
se1sa se e sF5nE 4Escord In ,n,oSehou. ae ''ffs shs
length and breadth Of tle land. to the tlrcsldc,+
Of hlt subjects there 10 be read ald discussed.
And, better still, II tic acts Of the Kings were
noble, It recorded them, contrastad them wllh
tc base acts of their Klngs. a,'d disseminated
them. Soon there came 10 be a standard 81
comparison And whcn the people assembled
together they were prepared to act IN harmony
10 compare their rulers, ono with snother, and
10 Judge t!lcm. II MAS mol IonE OeloFo 1Aey
began 10 Inquire by
WHAT RIGHT KINGS Ruled
Then came the question:. What Y The state1
The state being composed Of rnil'lons OF men,
how happcns It that ono n!an assumes to be
Tie EtAtGf ] man fuuuIu ulEs NAAs
becoinc oi Tic sta'et lhc millions l'vs !, en,l
s.l require tho protection OF the Slate. Tllcn
thcro Is cry: "The King ia dcad u ave"
rcapond the people; but the esa:e Is not dead,
s M he "ds 5soa a0i knss sse.s so ks ackn
the'box. and, sciEsng tile ssepsfe and drawing
swS .sy 1se .sa s5ats H.: tbe ba .sc,st asa
sclIoolnaster ia abroad, and tho people tnoH at
las. that they nrc the State, and that the
King must servo them or cease 10
rule. they stu leave him i'm ,tts The n,,n, gaaay
but institute assemblies or parlamcnss 70 repre-
sent them In the Government. 10 hedge the King
about, not with prcrogntlyes and dlgnitsce, but
with cheeks. II he Ia contumatous they dcpos0
| him; II lie rebels against the Stltc they cut OF
Ills head! And this Is tho beginning Of the
Greece md Rome possessed lawyers, doctors,
historians, phl los0thcrs. poets, and orators, but
| In all TIM realm there wsA not O printing press
II was 10 lt!Ie purpose that Demosthcnca. ut
tered his philipplcs, md Cicero pronounced hs
orattons, s!uco tcw conft lsear md fewer st'l!
comprehend tlLetn. an.i no printing press existed
pose TINT Plato aud Socrates philosophical, that
1Ierodotus, Slrnbo, Salllss&, L1yy, and Tacitua
dlscourseu learnedly on tic !esso'ls ot history,
t'lnt lloInor, ilcsio0, Pindas, nnd sappho sung
tory consisted OF tyrants and slaves, mud uf tho
vast thgopC ot the Roman people, nnd only thoae
In the Eternal City could bear. Equally barren oi
immediate results were tho lators OF Justinta
the modern lawyer as part Of the history
oitl,c worlds 'sturlsprudrnce, but largo minority
Of the people for whose government
they vere devi'cd could neither ;ra,, rsat r;,,t
TINT the Roman Empire contained popuatlor
Of hundred millions, but tlat 1t pos
sessed no syatcm Of popular education, and &c
meats Of diftustnS Information bcYond ~
agency OF tongue mud pen,-in word, that III
art Of printing was unknown. The historian
offers sufficient explanation OF the decline at!t
.. fall OF TINT vast fnbrie Of government. ~
admiration Md tic shsHt OF mankind. mhlc
witnessed the decadehco OF pagan ideas an
the carly struggles Of rising Christiaolty. .,.
the early progress Of the liberty We enjoy, ~
| must look to England, that wonderful natio
Of less antiquity but OF greater age t!lan No1ne,
not uulike Rome IN Ito .wnrlike Instincts. It
!, | When tho Roman Empire had reached tn
zenith of its power. the British people eonsistc
, , nj scattered tribes OF rude barbarian.. dt
, sccndcd, probably, from the GauIs. Delicate
: spccts liEc tnrngce. Lacitus says Of them: "Fc
, !, the rhemr neither mndenor sold prlsoncrs, no
! transacted auythlns else aorertaininE 10 til
!, commerce Of war; but they hastcncd 70 butche
hing, hlsrn. cruelty" But It required half
; century for Rome, With the resources Of = va'
]; Empire, to reduce sletn to submission. Wlr
= = 900 years later, the great Empire tottercd [
i It's falI, the Inst OF the Ito'nan ieeione wei
!. withdrawn, and the islanders. long accustone
= to q state Of virtual sIaycrr, rclapsed mi
! anarchy, and became prey 10 the predatory i
: : curhions OF the Ptcts md Scots Rome di
ltts for Britain. since It succeeded Ia impostl
- upon the conquered people neither Its lauEuaE
:, nor Its manners. a species Of court was, llui
= which cxst to this day Ii, the English sYstcn,
!. judicial administration, nnd CoussAntine tutr