The weekly Arizona miner., 1879-11-21
REpoRr og oEN. Q. 3. wlLLoox.
HEADQUARTERS DEFAYTHENr og ARIZONA
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To shs
 Milstzyy Disi-ioa os ite PsGhe,
 FFesida0 of saa fraaeaseo. Cal.
 Sra:
 have the hanor to submit herewith my report for tie past year.
 The condition or the military service has improved in nearly ali respects during the year. The bids for supplies al the different posts are generally lower lhan they were last year
 The iafux of miners aad stock raisers, with the temptations presented for plum der has increased the nrmber of thieves, white and red, but considering the very wiieexient of Arizcaa Territory, and its bordering on Mexieo, iaig progress has been made in rhe peaceful settlement of the country under military protection
 The number of authenticated deaths at the hands of the Indians f the year does not exceed five, only enc Of winch can be accredited to Arizona Indians.
 Considerable alarm and insecurity was felt when the Eighth Infantry was leaving the Department and before the Twelfth In fantry took it's place, particularly as the Indians at San Carlos were complaining for food. Another outbreak seemed immi- nent in the nlonfh0f April. The agent at San Carlos reported that the greatest precautions were necessary. On both occasions, the troops were posted to the best advantage and the Apaches, however excited, were re- strained from hostility.
 In the month of May. band of Musca- lero Apache warriors, whose wives and chil- dren had been moved from iheirreservations in Now Mexico to the San Carlos Reser- yation, made q descent on the latter place,
 sl ,t.. families, but fortunately sufficient notice of their coming was gwen by their attack on two kerders near Clifton, and running of some mules, to put both my troops and the police at the reservation on guard, so that the movement was repulsed and completely frustrated. The Indians were chased by Lieutenant Howard, Twelfth Infantry. with his company of Scouts, across the San Fran cisco Mountains into New Mexico, where the trail was taken up by the troops of that District, and the Indians severely punished. In June some atrocities were committed in the Tento Basin, which was followed by an attack on two prespectors on the Mogol- on Mountains, near Bakers Springs, but the sayages were ferreted cut and amply punished. They were found to be rem nant of Tonto Apaches who had never come in. Supposing that after the Baker Springs affair our scouting parties would move to that quarter they returned to Tonto Basin, only 10 fail into the hands of Lieutenant Von Schraeder. Twelfth Infantry, whose Indian company wiped out Ihe whole party, except a squaw whose life they spared, and whom they brought in unharmed.
 The latest killing of whites occurred in the month of August of this year, by a company of bandits made up of American rugitives, Mexicans and some Indians, who ran up l from the Sonora line, carried off stock and killed two estimable citizens of Arizona, named Shillenback, near old Fort Wallen These thieves and muTderers were vigorously pursued by Lieutenant Bayley, Sixth Cav airy, who starred cut from Camp Huachuca as soon as the intelligence was received and scattered the party acr0ss the neighboring frontier. It is to be expected that desper- adocs of this class will increase mere or iess until the $. r. R. R. and A. T. & s. F. R. R. 1 shall be completed, as outlaws seem to hover like yultures over the advance of our trsnscontirental railroad, for gambling 6hd | forming transient associations for plumber | ing honest settlers.
 These people should be treated as putlic enemies, but as in the case of stage and mail robbers, than whom there can scarcely be found a class more inimIcal to the devel- opment of rich mineral country, the ! posse conitatus 'clanse of the law of June, 1878, throws the Ggis of its protection around them. During the year several applications have been made to the Headquarters, and | the authority of the Honorable the Secretary of War was obialEed, for military protection | to the L. $. mails, and everything has been done by the troops that was practicable un- der the law above referred to.
 l have called repeated attention to the condition of the Hualapais, our friendly and ] faithful red children, living in the Mineral i Park, Cerbat and Blackberry ranges, through whose instrumentahty as scouts, General Crook was enabled 10 subdue the Apaches It is bitter reflection upon our justice that these Indians should be allowed to sufi fer for food, and 1 would respectfully but urgently recommend that an appropriation of, say, two thousand dollars year, be asked for the purchase of beef and other necessaries for the reliefo destitute Indians, by the Department Commander, through his Chief CommiSsary ofSubsistence.
 Since the foregoing was written, author | ity mas been received from tEe War Depart ment to issue ratIons for sixty days to these l Indians.)
 1 And here comes question as to inc ilrSt steps necessary 'in civilizing the Indians The Indians on the reservations are under the exclusive control of the Indian De- partment. those off the reservations come under military, and in organized counties under the local civil governments. Now as the railroads advance through this Depart ment, the whites and Indians will be brought more and more in contact, and the machinery of the civil law does not seem applicable to the organization of the mixed society which tnsues, something therefore | needs to be done. As the French railroads push down into Algeria the wandering na- tives of the Desert settle around the wells, and plant date trees. Here they come to squat and drink whisky. If the moral and intellectual forces at work in the Indian Department, could be brought to bear on the question of preparing for these trans formations gong on all ovor the western territory, it might save wars and wasteful and inhuman sacrifices, and convert our heather children into civilized societies.
 In no part of the United States is there such field for it as ln Arizona, among the Pimas, Maricopas and Papagoes. These are Pueblo or hsbitation Indians, grain raisers