New-York tribune., 1879-11-01
SCIENCE FOR THE PEOPLE,

ELECTRIC LIGHTING. Mr.. Edison is SAID 10
he s dissatisfied with some of the details OF his electric
light and the pubiic have therefore seen le Oh '"'
new Inp which WAS expected to solve the Question "i
economic lighting by electricity. Meantime, hr rN"i'
are not idle Thus 1t was the Brush ana not 'he Ieo"
hight which recently inrodu'eo i"'o '"o
Cheney SILK Works at south Manchester' anu II
was the light which lately adoe' nes"
charm to Niagara Falls are aso ao,,ve 1--WE
and IA one possible that ny the time the Eoson gn
is perfected, the limited fed yet open u 's ouo "
lighting will be fuily occupieu'
SPEED OF Ice YACHTs.-Tbe question-Can
an ice boat 20 iasicr tnan the windf-haying beer
recently raised in The Ereng Post that journal referred
the matter 10 Professor Looms Of Yale, aud President
Barnard OF Columbia, both well-known mathematicans.
Professor Ioomis wrote " The wind cannot communl-
cate To saIlboat or ceboat velocity greater than
its own velocity indeed can IL communicate an
equal velocity because part OF the force Is wasted In
overcoming friction. Since the velocity OF the wind Is
very variable while boat ION account OF It's inerta)
preserves q more uniform movement. 1t may happen
that an ceboa with velocity greater than that
of the wind at particular instant but lis velocity must
be less than that OF the previous wind which impaired
to Il its notion" President Barnard wrote: d" The
answer OF the editors Of The ErenG Post the ques
ton proposed obviously correct 10 require dis
cusson IL being understood that the velocity Of the
wind propeling the boat is constant II the wind is
fuctuang il ia supposable that the boat may attain
velocity which at intervals viii be superior that Of
the wind" Aud now comes The Scientific American,
which takes the matbematcians TO task in this puhgert
way: " In thus putting themselves squarely record
opposition a fact Of common experience In iceboat
sailing, these learned emen furnish one more instance
the long list OF mistakes by eminent scholars who have
declared Results be impossible after they have been
practically achieved. This question OF exceed
the wind in velocity is simply Of fact and the
possibility OF 1t depends upon the manner In which the
boat is sailed. its light body. enormous spread OF can
vas and the OF much friction II sailed directly
before the wind. ice yacht. like balloon, simply
drifts with the wind, and obviously cannot equal much
less exceed, the wind In velocity But ice yachts are
not sailed in that their best speed Ia made with
sail hauled fat aft, the sail cuts the like
knife edge and the pressure on II cannot be essened
by the boats running away from the wind. Whatever
may be the boats sOeed the wind Is steadily abeam and
cs vachtsmen aSree thai the
speed Of an Ice yacht NAV easily be double or treble the
velocity OF the wind that drives It," What have the
Professors to say to thisf
OsMo ACID IN MICRosCoPY.-The applca-
acid microscope purposes seems TO be
opening field TO the hisologist The acid is
tcularly valuable OF its property OF killing
and hardening prOtoplasmic structures with the min
OF shrhkage and also OF staining fat of intense
black color. The former property renders 1t of great
value IN embryoogy and in the study Of nfusOr@ and
delicate animal tissues. Tue latter gives 1t its pre-
emnence I'm bringing out the ramicaons OF the finer
medulated and the structure of the adipose s
II has been with great also for the
preparation of delicate vegetable tissues. The manipu
ation is similar After staining and treatment with
alcohol soaking oil OF cloves follows sections are
cut by I'm bedding IN cocoa butter and mounted III
balssm. mixture OF osmc and chronic acids Chronic
acd 20 per cent parts osmic acid per cent, parp
answers In some respects better than even osmc acid
alone for vegetable preparations.
A New BLEACHING PRoCEss.-A new process
of bleaching by of oxygen tozone which
poyment OF CHLORIDE of ime. has been discovered by
French chemist. NJ. Dienhem Brochocki. Of Paris. In
bleaching with chlorine IN the ordinary the
eral be treated brought into direct contact with
tho bleaching agent whether IL CONSISTS OF dry chlorine
gas, Of aqueous solution Of hypochlorte OF lime
In the former process the chlorine destroys the coOrng
matter by combining with It's hydrogen forming hydro
chlorc acid whcn, fast Is formed acts destruc
lively upon the liRneous matter and the cannot
be entirely beached without being destroyed to great
extent In the other the hypochorOus acid OF the
chloride OF lime too Intimately combined with its base
to any tendency to combine with the hydro
OF the coloriDg matter ana II Is only by the addition
Of acid winch dspaces base, that 1t Is rem
dered active The result is loss In hypochlorous acid
which escapes from the mass. immediate injurious
effect upon the fibre caused by the acid added. ana
more less slow destructive action due to the lne
which becomes incrused In the OF the bres In the
form of nsoube salts. incapable Of being entirely
moved by washing. new compound, chorozone.'
1t claimed. obviates objections The chorozone
may be acid alkaline. liquid solid. II Is IN either
case obtained the cold by saturatng caustic aka
by current OF hypochlorous acid In conjunction
with OF The rationale OF Its be
thus eIpla ned ChlOrOz0ne being compound OF soda
and loose cnorc acid. with excess O caustc soda In
th sou non. when the cloth l. put into the bath the
chorc acid IL DI oxen The oxygen combining with The
hydrogen OF the cOiorng matter to form water, whilst
the liberated atom OF chlorine taken up by the free
caustc soda. aud forms chloride OF sodium or common
salt setting free in It's turn another atom Of
another OF the by drogen IN the cOloring
These compounds all being soluble held
solution IN the OF water prrseut The oxygen
free being nasccnt condition OZOne), OF the
most powerful bleaching agents known.