The New York herald., 1878-07-08
TRADE WITH BRAZIL.
American Railroad Bullding-Immigra-
tiOn and Colonization.
THE TRUE STORY.
Is the Empire the Ell Dorado
Painted ?
WHAT THE EMPEROR SAYS.
WHAT THE EMPEROR SAYS.

Ihe gorles OF this quaint and picturesque Soutu
American city can DO described in few worda tits
situated on the east coast of Br.zll, on the Para
River, which is the mouth OF the Amazon, aud only
possesses peculiar interest for Americans at this
mont Of Its being the en,repot for oil the
supplies needed for the building OF the Madeira and
Msrmor6 Railroad, which s intended to &C meet the
navigation OF the rivers named with that Of the Bent.
Guapore and other streams which, successfully COM
pleted would ultimately y be the means OF giving easy
to the Atlantic Ocean to great portion Of the
rich province OF Matto Crosse important region
OF tho Republic of Bolivia
APPROACH TO PARA
From the ocean the eye Is charmed with the rich
vegetation either side OF the Para River and by
the magnificent tropical trees-mainly precious
woods which cover the picturesque islands from
the water 10 their crests Here and there
small feluccas dot the broad waters, a mo-
mont seen, then disappearing, as II swallowed up
by breakers which dash upon the fertile shores
Para, In modified degree, puts ono In mind At
distance OF the royal sea circle OF the Marino a Ma
pies, but once In the streets OF the city the
illusion s lost. The dwellings are large, low and
strongly built after the Spanish fashion, the doors are
OF heavy precious woods, the polish and value of
which lost by coat Of common paint, and over a
noor OF white marble most generally is pastered thin
whitewasn over which the OF country-as Dig
tained in nearly every house, Monkeys were found
playing in tho Streets and carry curious loads
Of sweetmeats thor heads, to which buyers are
tracted by colored papers which auer in the hot air
In q languid sort Of way
A TROPICAL PICTURE
Tha travellers mewhat surprIsed on entering
the city 70 discover that North American enterprise
had introduced that most comfortable of all inven-
tions-the horse railroad. This tramway was built
about eight years ago by New Yorker, Josiah J. Bur
gess and Ia OF infinite service to the Paranese Tray
crsng The business part OF tho city II makes short
and curious curves among the Streets accom-.
plshing the distance from the to the Theatre da
Paz in about ave minutes After ths great building
passed pleasant country residences come into sight,
some OF them almost hidden in tho shade OF palms.
mangoes and cocoanut trces There Is nothing
more delightful to the eye than these low.
cool looking dwellings, with thick walls and long
halls, which latter like iniermnabo vistas end
ing III garden. In the spacious rooms. with high
ceilings, are placed cane-sested divans, and upon
these, the halt shadow are generally to DO found
pretty monsses- colored children aud young women
loungDg, which makes u lazy but pleasing picture.
The buildings in the suburbs Of Para are almost uni
versaly tiled both tho walls and roof The outside
walls covered with iancy English and Belgian
OF the most elegant description. Whom tho sun sh
upon these vAriegated ana splendid triangies the
m,nglng OF color is dazzling In tho extreme, and
when the hues on the walls are blended with tho
dark rlch green OF the tropical I0liage the elect Is
charming There Is an avenue OF palms IN Para, y
monkey market; and, altogether may be said be
typical South American city.
THR PLAGUE.
But every beautiful picture has sdo. In the
haroor was lying the steamer Jerome, which had come
the day before IRON the plaxuestrckcn province OF
Cear4 with LOO poor starving creatures on board.
who mad TO DO brought 10 this place at government
expense in order that they might have proper saui.
tsry care and receive sufficient food 10 sustain lilo.
During the voyage from tho province named 70 Para
several passengers died II appears thar for noarly
| teO a Whenc hasa
pIsgus.s,ricken and starving immigrants come, has
been without rain The crops, OF course, failed; no
cane could be grown, all supplies were exn austed,
until ut length the authorities had to despatch Q
steamer to bring the wretched Inhabitants to Para
| rHK OPENING COMMERCE.
| Leaving this painiul subject gladly turn TO the
consideration OF commercial affairs, which are lust
may be safely asserted that the Empre oil Brazil
more arc turned At presalt IN the United States
with hope OF profitable business than 10 any other
point oi the GLOBE and therefore, extended review
Of the country. resources, &C., will not be out OF
place. Few Americans at this juncture care Tor tho
geographical outlines Of tho great Empire. Those
whose business nccesstates knowledge OF tho
country OF course are more less familiar
Win Ils topography, but its splendid provinces
arc iiito known, and Amazonas, Minas-Geracs Goyax
ano Mstto crosse are only nance. On the coast OF
Brazil aone there are forty, wo the I'M
portant OF which, bong tho largest aud shell
tered, Is oil course Rio JaUeiro. Then from north
to south come those OF Para. Marauhao, Parahy ba
PernambGco, Nsceio, AracsJu, Bahia pronounced
''By ya" Ilheos, Santa Cruz, Porto Ssquio Vie
toria Santos Paranagu, santa Catnerns. Rio Granus
ALL NATioSs
With view to promoting the prosperity Of Brazil
by offering greater facilities for International relations
for the encouragement OF commerce and navigation
the Apazoa anu its Lfuents, AZ vol the Iocan-
tios and san francisco, the following rivers few
years since, were opened TO merchant vessels oil all
nations tue Anszon AS far as the Brazilian frontier ;
the Tocantus up 10 Csmeta; the Tapajox up to san
tarem; the Madeira up 10 Borba; The Negro up 10
Manaos, ana the San Francisco up to Peneoo II will
be then, WINCH indeed. Is generally known Ia
America that every isciiiy Tor business is neId ouI
BY the wise beraIiiy Of Dom Pedro IL to strangers of
all nations 10 establish commercial relstioBa
THE CLIMATE.
A subject about which Americans nrst ask In the
climate ], may be said that persons only poorly
formed are unreasonaply nervous on tnis point. A
be oil service The Empire of Brszi enjoys Two very
distinct climates. In the iaerropca zone u In hot
limits IL ismperats and dry IL IS true that In the
interior Of Ceara Pernanbuco. Parahyba and Rio
vas," soaac. no snc absence o. rains some
as to cause psychrometricai difference
OF 10 degrees In many places situated IN the
Intercepted zone however, the climate Is mild and
delightful and the health oi the people beyond mo
average OF tnosc nving In the temperate In the
valley OF tho Amazon the nights are generally cool,
ana strangers should follow tue haJIs OF the Brszans
In regard TO dress and Diet Never the natives
under the midday hurryiug about Their Dusi.
ness, as too many OF our people are IN New YORK,
without umbrellas; nor exposing themselves nj night
to the dew mpradsnIy dressed, for however lght tho
nethor garments o tne BraziIians may be tue upper
part OF the person, the throat aud chest generally
we'll pro,scted. lhe diet Of the natives also Is very
highly speed meats being the exception and by u
means the rule. spirits are little useu-Iaht ciares
and soWe native wines being the iavore beverages.
In discussing tue question OF awakened interest
this country with AN American merchant VINO had
been Tor nteen years "a roa idcnt bere he SAID al
perceive tnat the people oi tho United states are
iast awakening to tho fact that Sou,h America 10 not
populated by savagos, nor very unhealthy place to
nve In. such dreadfui diseases as hydrophobia
are unknown here, aud l can take you INTO
any Of tho provinces ana point out
score Of native people In almost any villao whose
longevity IL remarkable Ia Santos where A transact
business, there are about fifteen persons whose ago
Is over loo years ana those up IN me eighties cannot
well be ouDted.o
rHk FISH TRADE.
Large quantities VI hsh are consumed by the native
population OF this country, and, although the
oil BrazIi 1urnish Quantities vi hne nsh, tho trade
sau and preserved nsh W. becoming quite
important. In order 10 snow how anxious the
government IL to encourage and ioster all
brancnss OF native industry, " ~ only necessary
~ mention that the law grants the following fsvors
fishing companiss:-A guarantee oil hvs per cent IN
tsrest Tor period not excseIing i've years ON
capital really Invested ~ vessels an tackle 10 the