Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1878-11-07
JAMES Henry HAMMOND.

the District of Newberry, Soutl
Carolina, on the 18th Of November
1907. His father, Elisha Hammond
, a descendant in the fourth genera 9
ton from Benjamin Hammond, emf
grated from England in 1854, anf
settled in Massachusetts,, was native
of Massachusetts, and graduate .
! Dartmouth Col ege. He came tf
South Carolina in 1908. was elected
Professor of Languages in the south
Carolina College in 1905, and in lSot
married Catharine F. Spann, a mem
. ber of we'll known and accomplished
family OF Edgefeld District. Prof
Hammond was a fine scholar with
unusual gifts as teacher lie
devoted himself to the education OF
his son, and by his skill and care lald
broad the foundation Of those scholar
" attainments for which the future
Governor and Senator became re-
markable. In lS23young Hammond
entered the Junior class of the South
Carolina College and graduated in
1925 fourth in class of distinguished
merit, in which the first place had
been won by the Hon. Randall Hunt
tie second by the late Judge Thomas
Jefferson Withers, and the third by
Bishop Stephen Elliott. Adopting
the profession of the law, Mr.. Ham
mopd was admitted to the Bar in
1928, and almost Immediately en-
tered upon a practice more lucrative
and successful than often falls to the
lot Of so young man. In 1851, IN
addition to the duties Of his protes-
sion, he undertook the editorship OF
the Southern Times, newspaper
devoted to States Rights and Nullih-
cation, and in a period of intense ex-
citement conducted the paper with
marked ability. Mr.. Hammond
early ilnbibed the doctrine of
the absolute and indivisible sover-
eighty of every State. The Federal
Governmet was the creature OF the
States with certain delegated powers
clearly defined and limited in the
Constitution, which must itself be
strictly and literally construed. The
sovereignty of the State carried with
It the right of the State to Judge for
itself, Of every encroaehment OF the
sse..-lzzGeyernmApt. o.. every in
fraction St thseonsEitution, and "to,
determine the mode a ! measure OF
redress" With these doctrines he
entered upon his public career, and
he stood by ther. with unwavering
conviction and unf;nching fidelity to
the last moment of his life.
In 1881 Mr.. Hsmmond married
Miss Catherine E. Fitzsimons, Of
Columbia, S. c., whose elder sister, a
woman of rare excellence, was ths
wife of Col. Wade Hampton, and
abandoning his profession of the law,
soon after settled upon a plantation
on the Savannah River, at Silver
Bluff, in Barnwell District. Miss
Fitzsimors was of Irish family. Her
f,ther, Christopher Fitzs:mons, came
to Charleston in 1888, acquired great
wealth and served the State for
time in the Legislature. Mr.. Ham
mond entered with ardor upon his
new pursuits but did not neglect
public affairs. He took an active
share in the events of those stirring
mes, and aided materially in organ
izing The forces with which South
Carolina was preparing to meet the
impending conflict with the Federal
Government.
The increased demands of the
manufacturers had, as early as 1924
pretty well united the South in a
vigorous but unavailing resistance to
the Protective System, and served to
raise the question of its constitu-
tionality. 1t became a leading issue
in the succeeding Presidential can
vass.
Mr. Clay was the avowcd champion
Of the Protectionists, while the South
had been led to believe that General
Jackson was in favor of a Tariff for
revenue alone. In 1928 the Tariff
act was still more injurious to the
interests of Tie South, and the Com
mittee on Federal Relations presented
the subject to the next session of the
South Carolina Legislature in a re-
port drawn up by Mr.. Calhoun, in
which he suggested, as an ultimate
resort, State veto or notification.
President Jacksons first message dis
PEELED the delusion OF the South and
showed that he intended to sustain
the Tariff. South Carolina became
deeply agitated, but it was not until
November, 1882, that the Convention
met and passed the Notification
Ordinance. The President replied
with a proclamation denouncing the
proceedings of South Carolina, and
Congress soon after passed the bill