The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1878-03-01
SCIENTIFIC.

'o"o' OAo Squoio Juiu Va hiVOA hoi 0nSu 1OO
gallons in twenty-four hours, formed Of
two feet six inches fine sand, then six in
ches common sand, sir inches shells, and
lastly two feet SIX inchs IS of gravel. Per
forated pipes should be laid in the Lowest
tratum, to carry off the supply of filtered
water.
IT Is WELL KNOWN that linseed oil boiled
until it has lost five per cent of It's weight,
assumes the appearance or condition Of
molasses, and when the loss is twelve per
cent, it changes into mass strongly re-
| sembling caeutchouc. To test the drying
properties Of oils boiled for various lengths
# time, NJ. SAGE states that he applied them
to deal board; the result was that the on
which had been boiled for the space of teH
minutes became fine, transparent varnis0
in twenty-four hours, that which had the
consistency of molasses, was not resinifed
| in fifteen days, and that boiled to the con
| sistency of caoutehouc remains trnaltered
From this it would appear that the drying
| property is not improved by coneentra
| lion of the oil.
TIE USE OF LINE for the preservatior
Of wood, especially for railroad purposes,
has lately been urged by M. Lostal, who
| simply piles the pIanks in tank, and
| places over all layer of quicklime, which
is gradually Stacked with water. Timber
for miners requires about a week to become
thoroughly impregnated, and wood for
other purposes more or less time, according
to thickness. 1t is claimed that wood pre-
pared according to this simple and inexpen-
;ive process requires remarkable conss-
5eney and hardness, and is incapable Of rot
no matter what the lapse of time or the
kind of exposure. Beech wood has been
treated in this manner, for hammers and
various other tools employed for iron works;
it is said to become not only as hard as
oak, without losing any of its well-known
elasticity, or toughness, but to last much
longer than when in its natural state.
How TO STRAIGBTEN SHAFT.-The
following is good way to straighten shafts
that have been sprung by heat or other
wise: Lay the shaft on bearings at each
end, with the arched side up, about one
foot from the ground; then build fire
(wood will apswer) under the part or parts
to be Strengthened. When hot chill the
top side, which is to be Strengthened, with
water, which can be best done with swabi
continue the heating and chilling till the
work is complete. Allow the heat to come
back to the top side between each chilling,
to quicken the process and to ascertain
when complete. After the shaft is hot a
very little fire will be required to continue
the heat. think that any kind OF size of
metal shafting can be Strengthened by this
process. l made the experiment on a
wrought iron shaft five inches in diameter
and twelve feet long, that was sprung three
inches by being burnt in mill. 1t was
only two hours from the time l built the
lire under it till it was perfectly straight.
MECHANICAL PHoro-P -PRINTINc.-For me,
chanieal photo printing Husnick, the
German artist, recommends operators t.
use for the supporters some plates of glass
one-quarter of an inch or less in thickness
roxghened on one side by means Of very
ine emery and water, and applied by fric-
tion from another and smaller piece Of glass
to which handle is attached; the emery is
not to be allowed to become dry, or it will
produce deep serat ehes. A circular motion
should be. adopted, using considerable pres
sure, and in about twelve minutes very
fine grain results; if plates be employed
that have been previously used, the gelatine
is to be removed by immersing in vessel
containing solution of Soda wash which
keeps more than two months, and car
always be strengthened by the addition
of line. The gelatine, in the case Of
a plate that has been previously used
will detail itseh in about twelve hours
Rinse the surface and rub with emery
to remove the gelatine that may have
lodged in the pores; but this time one
application of the emery will suffice.
UTILIZATION OF WAsTE.--Cotton waste is
singular example Of the successful appli-
cation of scientific utilization. 1t is the
!, collected sweepings of the card room, which
formerly had no value. Large heaps were
suffered to accumulate until it fermented
and it was then spread over the land
After that, srtridge paper makers bought
it at $40 to $40 per ton; them it rose in
price, and means were found to bleach and
tear it up, in order that it might be respur
and woven, and now there is trade of IA ),
600 900 ctws., giving employment to 5t(
dealers The refuse is sold for engine
cleaning, and finally to the paper maker
Jute S next, in which immense trade has
been created 1t is product of Bengal
and formerly was used only for gunny bags
J to pack rags or merchandise in it, but now
: it yields to processes which fit it for weav
, ing with silk or cotton, OF in the making o.