Chariton courier. (Keytesville, Chariton County, Mo.) 1878-current, 1878-08-31
FARM TOPICS.

SALT SAvING.-Salt is healthful and
necessary for animals when running to
grass, but in winter we do not give them
salt. They will eat it, it is true, but it
creates thirst and then they are apt to
drink too much cold water, and bring
on chills and fever, and perhaps infam-
nation of the stomach or bowels. In
summer salt acts as a corrective to the
laxity and fiatulence which the succu-
lent grasses may produce. A tight box
under the cow-shed, in which the salt
may be put, is the most economical way
to feed it. A saving may be made by
pouring all of the old beef and ham
brine into this box; the COWS will take a
lick or two every day, and this is better
than giving them heap on the ground
twice week as the common practice is,
which is waste of salt, and besides
makes bare spot. Farmers study lit
tie economies the least of any class of
business men. No merchant would
think of throwing away a half barrel OF
brine and then turn around and pay his
money for lot of salt to use in its
place. He would use the brine and
congratulate himself as DIR. Franklin
did, that ga penny saved is as good as
penny earned. .''-New York Tti6ssne.
EDUCATING YOUNG HoRsEs.-Rev.
w. H. Murray gives, in the Golden Rule,
the following directions for educating or
as it used to be called "breaking in "
young horses: &c If you have colt to
teach, and have the habit of speaking
sharply and loudly, correct yourself of
it at once. Colts are timid, high-spirit-
ed things, if they are worth any thing;
and he who manages them should be OF
quiet habits, and have low, pleasant
toned voice. The trainer that yells
stands in the same category as the driver
in the public race who screams and
whoops like Comanche Indian when
coming down the home-stretch; the one
should be banished the track, and the
other turned out of the gentleman's sta
bles. Our method of educating colt to
the harness and wagon is to educate him
singly, by himself; and this education
should begin very early. When the colt
is twelve or fourteen months old begin
to put the harness on him. In few
weeks he is accustomed to it and ready
for the shafts. But, in doing this, do
not be in a hurry. Give the youngster
time to get thoroughly acquainted with
every strap and buckle, as it were. Let
him see every thing and smell every
| lining. 1hO oChoCo VI oiShef oAAOht eShN
touch are the great avenues of knowl-
edge to the horse, especially the last two.
The ear and eye give the alarm. These
two organs stand, as it were, on picket
for the animals safety. But if your
horse is frightened at any thing, let him
smell and touch it, and he will fear no
longer. If your colt is afraid of the har-
ness as it comes rustling out of the har-
ness-room, let him touch it with his nose,
and smell of it few times, and he will
soon understand that it will not hurt
him. If he is inclined to kick or jump
if the breeching- band or any strap hits
his hams or legs, by gently rubbing them
against the sensitive places he will soon
become Indifferent to them. BY the
time the colt is two years of age, or even
less, he should be educated to go be-
tween the shafts, either forward or back
ward, and be thoroughly familiar with
the harness and vehicle and ordinary
road-service.
RENovArING OLD PAsTUREs.-The
worn-out pastures which abound in
some of the older and especially the
Southern States, have previously been
exhausted by severe cropping with
grain, tobacco or cotton. The land is
cropped until it will no longer pay for
cultivation, then turned to grass, and
:, the failure of that marks the smallest
possible degree of fertility. Bushes,
briars and hedge take the place of val
liable grasses, until their decay furnishes
: material for a revival of fertility. Such
land is however richer in plant food than
is generally supposed. Cropping rare
ly exhausts more than one or two ele-
ments, and as soon as these give out the
land ceases to produce and arrests the
process. Nine times out of ten phos-
phate of lime is the lacking ingredient.
With this, good crops may be produced,
and if suitable rotation, including
> clover, is adopted, fertility will be in
, definitely maintained. 1t is only thus
that we can account for the wonderful
results of improved farming on some OF
!, the so-called "worn out" lands of the
S Southern States. If the soil were really
e deficient in plant food, it could not bt
: so easily restored to fertility. Undoubt
edly after cropping ceases, the decom
e position of plant food continues, so tina
g after few years of "resting," fields
once fertile may again be brought un
e der cultivation for one or two crops
l. In the old settled parts of the South thi
q process has usually been repeated onc'
e or twice before the land has been givel
n over to scrubby trees and bushes. II
N bring such land up requires create
outlay than where only the first or on
IS ginal fertility has been exhausted
+ Many Northern pastures are graduali
+ failing because milk, cheese and wool
q all rich in phosphates, have been sol
"a from the farm. There is difference i
the manure from milch-cow and tina
from fattening COW. The fattenin
animal takes mainly the carbon and a
buminoids needed to form fat and lea
ID meat. A cow giving milk, or grow
3, ing Young animal, abstracts from tn
a. food the phosphates to form milk an
ID bone, and the result is deficiency
10 this element in the manure. Sellin
ID butter does not have this effect if tn
Id buttermilk is fed on the farm and tt
to manure saved. Excepting the oil, tt
at buttermilk contains the strength-givin
n and fiesh-forming elements of who
st milk; but the whey from curd is of Ii
e. tie value for feed, neither does it max
n, valuable manure The discovery
lis phosphate rock in the South is OF in
a mense importance to its agricultural II
,f- ture. OF course its first use will be c
o. cotton or other cultivated crops; b
MT with improved farming, more attentic
IS, will be given to renovating old al
nd worn-out pastures, and when this is
ly tempted, phosphate in some form w
an be found the most essential element.
ch Cor. Country Gentleman.
cd Some time ago the ex-Empress +
Nv genie won an action she brought on t
Is score of libel against several Paris p
ast pers. Her son is now as SUGGEST
;no io against the Steele, which, having be-
ON ON adiudged guilty of insinuating. that Z
va Bonapartes had appropriated Grow
io' ,>ronar+u yas ordered tn nav S4OO, b