Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1878-07-03
RURAL ECONOMY.
Farm and Garden Notes.

Farm and Garden Notss.
SHEEP and swine In the orchards are
recommended to exterminate the codling
moth.
A FLOWER garden should be sunny;
soil, rich black loanA and sheltered from
the wind.
INTERRoGATE your soil experiment.
ally and thus learn what 10 needed in the
form of fertilizers to produce thereon
remunerative crops.
some gardeners use willow twigs for
tying raspberry canes, rs well Is currant
and gooseberry stems, to stakes.
DURING the simmer the earth of the
flower garden will need an occasional
stirring with the rake or hoe, especially
il the summer is dry.
THE health and vigor of a full.grown
OK depend greatly upon the food and
care it receives when young. If badly
reared it cannot be expected to become
a profitable beast.
IMMEDIATELY after weaving. young
pigs must be fed often, say six times a
day, the number of feeds being gradual
ly diminished to three, which latter is
the proper number for stores and fatten.
ing pigs
DoN'T kill the toads. They are the
gardeners best friends, from the fact
that they are the mortal enemies of in
sects and worms that depredate on gar
den vegetables. Being perfectly harm
less, it is far better to carry them into
the garden than to injure them, a. is 80
frequently done by thoughtless persons.
THE soil of a garden, for the growth
of common species of shrubs, perennials,
and ANNALS, should be a rich loan, if
any plants require sand it can easily be
supplied. Peat is but little used in geht
erai gardening, it is only required for
rhododendrons, a~zaleas, and in the cul-
ture of some of our fine native plants.
PRECAUTIONS against insects of all
kinds should be adopted early in the
season, because when they are allowed to
be developed to maturity they propagate
eggs in such abundance hat it is almost
impossible to keep them under. The
destruction of n early moth is a far
better preventive. than killing a hun
bred caterpillars.
INSTEAD of bringing the horse in when
coated with mud, and sluicing him with
cold or even tepid water, the mud should
be wiped or scraped off 80 far as practi-
cable, and then the legs wrapped round
till dry. An English veterinary surgeon
declares that "hundreds and thousands
of cases of mud fever scratches or
grease) might be prevented if this plan
were used, instead of excessive wash
ing"
If you want to keep your hogs, horses,
cattle and sheep healthy, give them salt
regularly. There is no better vermifuge
than salt. Much of the ~so-called hog
cholera is due to intestinal worms.
Plenty of salt would prevent the accu-
mutation of these worms. All animals
desire salt, showing that it is a want of
their nature, and undoubted for wise
purposes.
ENGLISH authorities reckon potatoes to
be superior to Swede turnips as 200 to
GA, to beet root as 200 to 105, and to
cabbases as 200 to rs; 200 parts of raw
potatoes and 175 of boiled are equal to
100 parts of hay. An acre of good po-
tatoes yields 600 pounds of gluten, al
bumen and casein, producing muscle;
$3.50 pounds of starch, gum, sugar and
fnt, with 20,250 pounds of water; 100
pounds contain II of starch, gum and
sugar, % of gluten, albumen and casein
and pound of oil.
A VALUABLE mixture to keep on hand
at this season, is n of coai ashes, sui
phur, and hellebore. The ashes should
be very fine. 1t is best after passing
them through the ordinary coal-ash sieve.
To n pailful of ashes thus sifted, add
a quart each of -four of sulphur and
hellebore and mix together. For currant
worms, plant lice, cabbage feas, slugs on
pear trees, melon bugs, we found this no
effectual last season, that we confidently
recommend it to our readers. 1t is al
ways best to use it in the cool of the
morning while the dew is upon the leaf.
THE faint, or unpleasant and peculiar
taste which 80 much butter possesses,
can be avoided when necessary precau-
tions are taken to prevent the access of
any kind of odorous vapors to the milk
or cream. Nothing it 50 strongly alb
sOrptive of odors or volatile of favors as
butter. 1t absOrbs and retains the va.
pors from cheese, from meat, and especi.
ally from every kind of decaying vege.
table or animal matter. If improper OF
strongly favored food has been given to
cows, it is the butter made from milk
that the taste of that food will be most
clearly perceived.
AN authority in dairy matters explains
how rancid butter may be greatly i'm
proved and almost restored to its original
excellence, by kneading it we'll in fresh
vnslH and tbnn urcak:~- Abo>ov~k1.r -
cold water, with an addition of a little
salt. In almost every parcel of butter
some small proportion of casein is re
tanned; and the decomposition of this il
accompanied by the formation of butyrit
acid, which causes the unpleasant tastt
and smell known as rancidity. Thil
butyric acid is readily soluble in frest
milk, and hence a easily be got rid Of
by the simple method Of treatment rec
commended.
The wash used for fruit trees at tn.
government gardens at Washington il
prepared as follows: Put half a bushe
Of lime and four pounds of powdered
sulphur in a tight barrel, Stacking tn.
lime with hot water, the mouth of tn
barrel being covered with a cloth; thii
is reduced to the consistency of ordinsr,
whitewash; add at the time of applica
ton half an ounce of ~carDolic acid Il
each gallons of liquid. Mr.. Saunder
says: II generally applied it in tn,
spring before the leaves made their ap
pearance, but / am convinced that i
would be more effective if applied later
but then it il difficult to do 90 when tn
tree is in foliage" Mr.. Saunders ap
plies the wash not only to the stem 8
the tree, but to some extent to the mali
branches. s
Fl Domestic Hints.
al H sSyw drn~.;nv ..l-d .-srI All.