The New York herald., 1878-09-29

tuo BuaIaua pihut, tno preparations VI Wutcu aTo
highly priced by sll the people OF South America.
ihe guarana plant Is climbing shrub. belonging To
mean system and the family OF the Sapiadacee
he seeds only are used. These found IN three
celed coriaceous capsule. They are very hard, and
wnen the irut greco are surrounded by pulp which
dries away when the iruit vs. pucked. The natives
prepare these seeds by powdering them In a mortar
or on stone an then mixing the powder into paste
with wafer fbe mass Is then IN xed with wnoie and
broken seeds and moulded into a cylindrical form.
These forms, after being hardened by the fire IN
the sun, assume a reddish brown color They are
hard and wnen broken show mottled fracture.
Guarana contains active priuciple called by the
chemists "suarann." IL is almost identical with
canen, The active principle OF coffee, and TO
u may be ascribsd whatever tonic virtues
II possesses. Tho natives along the Amazon
use II extensively. Tho tongue OF the Pirarucu
furnishes all excellent crater, and tho cuyo. e.,
caiabasn. cup out ot which the liquid. sweeteaed by
little sugar or cane syrup may be drank. Its effect
Is tonic and signify stimulating IL is analogous ia
seems TO exercise a sedsiIve iohuenca The Indians
OF Villa Bella cultivate Tobacco cane, mandi0ca aud
cacao anu gather small quantity OF ruboer Gusrans,
however, rs the principal product from TINS smai
district most OF the river IS supplied.
oBIDos.
After stopping uignl at Santa Anna in order 10
prove the Observation formerly made tue ship arrived
oil 0oidos aud cast anchor close into the shore.
ODdos claims population oil 500 souls. IL
stored town. one story being Duit on the beach, the
other on the bun some nunared feet above. IL Is
guarded by Two Iorts-one The beach. the other
the biuf above. Botn oil these deiences are u di-
lapiaaIed condition aod neither OF size sufficient
to deier indnsrentiy armed launch Obdos differs
from the otner Towns Of the Amazon only degree.
not in KIND. IL -, u possible, more dead Than
any of the others IL seems 10 nave no life whatever
Many OF It's auoUe houses IN runs, and
eveu rs church gives signs OF carly dissolution.
The people arc irresoiute, sckiy aud indoienL The
chilaren cven seem TO 20 ineancnOy ana feeblo al
though tnis perhaps, Is not subject OF wonaer iu
asmuch as they are having the SINS OF their iatners
visited upon them. me latitude OF Oodos is deg.
81 so IT'S longtule 90 deg. 20 min. %
W. IL well situated and could DO thriving busi-
were tue people SO inclined. It. however, lam
guishes aud exports only small quantities Of rubber
caoao ana nsh.
sANrARKA
Thres days from Oolaos brought tho 'ship to
saatArem, ..S4o "a deE min ~ MN 10 ss sec s.
pleasing looking town Duiit AT the conjunction OF
the Amazon aud Tapajos. From u distance Santaren
presents Inc appear OF large and populous city
Its position Is admirable, aud the surrounding seen
cry, with its foreground OF clear, blue water,
bsAutiiuL Closer inspection. however, dlspeis
iuto a squalid town. Its houses arc moan
and miscraDie, It's streets narrow, unpaved
aud Gtny It's lew snops destitute Of all but the com
'm0 m0nest necessities OF life and It's people paid,
SKINNED and weak. II has no ATTRACTIONS beside
lis situation and its climate, botn of these are superb
Insect pests are comparatively unknown and levers
less frequent than the upper river 1t Tor
reason that II was selected AS the homo TOR those
after the civil war. OF the several hundred who
various times have reached Santarem about
seventy remain. rho history OF ths colony
Is curious, inasmuch as il shows The folly
OF attempting to coonize by people wnoare unwilling
to work. Oi Inc Two hundred who nrst came out
unaer auspices OF the Brazilian government but
remains. These people expected to nnd gold IN
every rock aud diamonds IN every brook Beng dis
appointed they retraced their steps as best they
mgnt. The present colonsts are the romans Of
southern IamIlies, who came out alter the They
were unwilling 10 live under the 1Ag against wnich
they had fought aud wished enjoy tie blessing OF
the peculiar Institution" SO they came here
settled lands givon them by the imperial govern
mont
After suffering mary nsrdsnips and losing many by
death they have AZ last succeeded IN establisnIng
themselves u compArxLively urn basis. Tner
original numbers remain intact the loss having been
they cultivate Tobacco sugar. cacao mandIoca, and
IRON they make rum. Their existence is
monotonous IN tue extreme, but poverty keeps them
tied ~ tho spot they nave chosen. Some
Of them have married BRAZILIAN women and most
Of tnem have taken up Brazilian customs 10
The climate will permit American traits 10 last
than two generations. The people oi santarsm
have only good " say OF these cOlonisis. Eveu Jhe
pad biiiiard who presdes over the destiuies
Of ten acre liable and night school OF slave cnii-
drsn time testified 20 their thrift ny say
Ing that they never patronizsd ms room.
MoSrE ALLhGRE's FAMOUS MAN.
Monte Alissre, tue next stopping place Oh impor-
back on Parsns A'rin. rhe psrt Is
small collection OF houses with two or three
sui lives He mas been named bv Agsssiz,
Bates. Orton and otner explorers OF the river. The
memory. he called all these by name asked ior
them and told of their visi,s. He had not heard OF
ortoa's death. but knew aa. Asassiz mad gone. For
ing In tnis isolated spot: yet no insis,ed
,ust ne was only stopping temporarily; that
one day he intended TO return TO Gibraltar
and die, AS he had been born a rock scorpion.
wnen told oil tho death OF Professor Orion tears came
70 his eyes. The Amsrican explorers, IRON tue sell
sacrificing Herndoa down to Inc loveiy spirited mau
who last died, have lett pleasant memories all along
tue Amazon. rDe Old men say win priae. Il the
friend OF Axassz" ana the young speak Of ORION as
though they loved HIM. From tne main town Of
Monte Allegro u most beautiful WOW oi tue Amazon
Valley, viii It's network OF lgsripe, Paraua,
Ainum, lake aud island, spreads itself out before
eye. Tue hign iaaas which here begin 10 spriug
Az.
nciinsi TO be pocicsi he coula mud ample subject
the panorama before nam, tor the grand river
horizon Of forest; tne lakes gstsa IKE diamonds
settings oil emerald, aud the isiauds rise Ike
gardens trom 'ne surface OF tho INLAND
But one cannot appreciate the spien-
dora OF toe Amazon when ones mind Is bent on
OraamenIed Caiabasnes, ior which product Monte
Allegro Is celebrated and so the ego quickly turns
from the beauties OF nature 10 those Of art, ss cx
pressed on the painted gourd These gourds are
much esteemed the Amazon Some oil tnem
quantity psisted red aud blue, others are coIored
back and polished, while others are engraved win
ecolnetricsI hgares. Most Of the work, however Is
rough and uDcouth. The aesigns are ubgraeefu and
the coors garng.
END or THE SURVEY
Praiuna aud AimeiruB, tLe next two settlements at
which the snip stopped, do not dcr IRON other small
places the rivers. AT PraInha curistcning, ceie
biated by much cachaca aud great display vi fire.
works, was go,ug on, but at Aimenun dead
bess reigned supreme Garupa, town OF con-
er'o.e sa. ~ IN, no' e.s'as,a q, IN. 'vs n"s
II was nailed with pleasure. Gurupa Is small colIec
ton OF houses, VITA population oi perhaps Two hun
dred and may people 1t Is not no,ed Tor anything IN
particular iLe survey oi the main river was now
snaed, and tho shIp proceeded on her way 10 Para
through tho narrow channels aud ny the rou.o already
dcscribed. Sue arrived N Cutuubs liant on August
80 having completed the survey INSIDE oil tnrce
,ou ms and witnvut Ios.e "A iu .n Whtlo az an cbor
mere me rim aud Usautu ste sm launch santa Maria
belonging TO tno Bolvian Exploring Company, came
down IRON Para. bringing Nj. Pau siack'e, the head
OF tue sxylorer, aud menD,rs rs OF tho expedition.
Tue next day tue Enterprise proceeded to Para and
cast anchor IN trout OF the oity.
Before leaving Para your correspondent had an op-
portunity oi meeting Captain Luna general manager
OF tue MADEIRA aud Mamor6 Railway AZ Para. Captain
Lima Us well known IN New York, having ior-
merly been 10 command OF ono oi tue Pa
cinc Mail stesmers He is quite elatcd over
the decision OF tho Ensush judges rclative
to tho disposition OF the money now iocsed up IA tbe
Bank OF England. Tho Railway, he says, Is now ia
smooth water. There Is plenty OF money and tue en-
terprse is bound 10 20 through. Whatever may ave
been tho Oi tue past tney viii not DO
r,pentcd IN Tho iuture. Sad experience mas iaugbt
otter, but salubrious icssoD, ana II Is prooaDie