The New York herald., 1878-02-08
active part in fur.herng the escape from Rome OF the

active part furthsrng the escape from Rome OF the
| Holy Father.
TIE spanish poet, Marines de la Rosa who, at that
PERIOD represented tho Crown OF SPAN at the Ponti.
great energy assisting tho plans OF the Pope.
dark November night had bcen chosen for carrying
Of his White garments ana OK sed them for
ple'cassock, sucn as he had been wont to wear on
former occasions wnen he ranbled incognito hrough
the streets OF the Eternal City on errands OF CHARITY
or visits the hospitals But the enthusasm OF the
people had taken SO strange turn that a sno worst
Pope was compelled TO hide In the lobbles
Of his own palace until nnaiiy' accom-
sbled TO reuch the gates OF the Quiriuai.
When tho exit was effected tho Pope had to take .
circutous route through Tho streets OF Komo until
awaited the party. fs .ssl
Count spanr mounted the box. and. replacing the
the LaterRu There the Countess Spaur had awaited
the iugilives with her own carriage. which was then
placed at the disposal oil the Holy Father
Tho inward course was not without adventure. The
carriage had detained BY patrol oil carIDlneers.
but the beautiful Countess had had tho ART 10
escape. Entering INTO fascinating conversation tne
Counse succeeded IN overcoming the suspicion and
the crupics Of tho oicer who Ia tho most cnvarous
manner, recynduoted tho COuDtess 10 her carriage
Thus, accompanied by the coachman tner husoand)
and an unknown priest all were allowed TO continue
tne journey without further interruption. Ine
carriage passed the frontiers az rerracina and hnaly
reached the Mollo da Gaca, wntrc the purity algned
at the nostclry OF the .viiia d Cicero" Inc King
OF Naples, however, had heard OF the arrival at
Ga6ta and he immediately took tho sea route accom-
Father Father az ana 10 solici. his blessing rio Mono re-.
NAMED tuil years NJ Gaeta and IN the meantime
the Romans were, enabled 10 celebrate the resur-
recton the Republic such had been termed by the
people, who entertained hopes oi rcgencratng the Old
days OF tho great Rome in re-establsnng The Republic
NJ zzini aud Garioaidi mad FURNISHED the means Tor
inauguratng the new era IN proclaming tho Republic
Lno jubilant Romans from tho heights Of tho Cap
ilol. 34s
These men, however, mad not taken warning from
the teachings oi history. They ignored the immor-
taty OF typical w mbos anu forgot that the Roman
Republic had always succumbed 10 tho C9sars. Ine
people seemed hecdless OF tho existence OF The Lofty
numcnt 0l Marcus Aurous. Tho statue represents IS
the city OF Rome ~ the vctors feet while he, with
upliiled arm, sways the Neptro and seems " say,
"rhou art destined forever to obey the Casars and
TO live IN servitudc." Again, they might have
templated thc column OF Pompey, ~ whose base,
killed by assassin hands, fell julius Caesar, victim TO
ambition and 10 excessive love 0 power. He fell
by the daggers of republicans but his blood was split
IN vain, inasmuch as Emperor succeeded the mur-
There was already another Caesar lying in wait; tho
new Roman Republic was TO be misplaced by him. Ho
as sucn regued over France. But his aspirations
toward empire Kept pace With the Intentions he har-
bored in regard 10 the Roman Republic.
The sIEaE OF ROME. HGt
An army corps. under tho command OF General
Oudnot, was sent TO Rome by the Presdont OF tho
French Republic and after siege OF TOUR weeks, the
dying Roman Republic surrendered 10 the army corps
furnished by a Republic which Was then also IN a
When the French troops entered che Eternal City
the Romans received them with unbounaed euthusi-
asm. General Oudinot received an ovatlon when ne
reached the front Ol 81. Peter's which might be
kened 10 the vcncration whch the Inhabitants would
otherwise have exnibisd only on sacred OCCASIONS.
The leaders ol the Republic had taken To hight.
Garibaldi had left Rome with his bands, and MazzIni
had mysteriousy disappeared HIS Whereabouts could
not BIZ discovered. itNN l1
Rome was quiet again, and the population submit-
ted without murmur TO the exactions imposed by
the commander OF the French Iorces which contIn-
occupy the Eternal City until tho secular reign
OF the Holy Father came TO an end. General Oudinot,
first in command Of tho French army OF occupation,
was succeeded at later period by General G0y0n.
PIo NoNo's RETURN.
At the close of year 1850 Holy Father again
turned TO Rome. Ee had been assured OF tho growing
desire among the population to see ntm back again.
Repentance and sorrow were graphically expressed IN
hundreds OF addresses which had been presented 10
jubiiant they had been on former occasions when
they called him ''Llborator" and 'king PontiE
Bu! the Pope Gaa Oy experenoo sa been taught
He Did return, alter his unfortunate escape.
under circumstances which had altered his position.
ana he himself had undergone change. he was no
more what he had been when he lett man, full OF
vgor oil life; whom he returned the Pope had own
hoary and old. HIS hair had blanched; his step be.
came infrm his heart had been hardened, and alto
gether he seemed stricken down by the blows which
unmerciiully mad been dealt him. During tho late
isolated days OF his exile tho conviction nad been
forced on tho Pope thar, as tho surdan Of Chrsten
dom, It III became the holy Father to Ineddle with
siy OF absLaang from taking lead IA political ques-
tons, and that ali worldly matters should be subordi-
.hat Church 10 Inc former spIendor; to ro.
construct ITS vaunled magnincance; to raise
1t from among the ruins. and proclaim the
Church In all the greatness and glory of Dvgone
days. that should henceiorth DO tDe great ann and
occupation OF the Pope after his return TO Rome
char Of st. Peter dfuse his commands 70 the uni
verse. Ni fa..
CARDINAL ANToNELLI. t.e
From Gaota the Holy Father brought with him
substitute irend who was 20 aid aud represent him
in all tlat regarded secular and political matters This
friend Was Cardinal Antoneil, one OF the faithful who
had followed The Pope TO Gaota and Que OF the num-
Der who had shared his exile He now returned 10
act as .aiter ego the Holy Father as political repre-
sentative; as Minister aud secretary OF State ior all
Henceiorth, alter his return, the Pope was to act
exclusively us Vicar Of Christ. as the shepherd oil
tho people, to concentrate his thought ana to conhne
his energy 10 one sole obJcct-namely. the
restoration oil the Church 10 all us Iormer spendor
.'TIrE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION"
The Pope at This period into the position
of priest. HIS nrst deed IN tnat capacity came to
light IN the declaration OF the 'imnacuiate concep-
ton of the Virgin Mary" his dogma, whcn was
promulgated in 1854 with the utmost pomp at the
Cnurch oi ST. Peter, ana destined Tor the entire UNI
verse, was 10 serve as Keystone to new church,
founded on the rock OF 81. Peter.
In the Piazza di Spaena at Rome stands q column
erected In honor of tho Virgin Mary That monument
was placed tnerc 1851 by Plus TX 10 commemorate
tho day oI tho socmnizaton oi the new doctrine
THE BOY MoRrARA.
IT there existed much bitterness In 1854 when tho
new doctrine first promulgated mignt easily bo
foi that received further n0urishmcnt ut tins
Juncturo, aud that bitterness Was lurther ncIcaseu
when the public were made acquainted with the un-
fortunate incident relating 10 tho youth Mortaro.
who, during a sickness. had been baptized by q
CHRISTIAN servant RirL The Christian priests looked
upon the boy as appertainiog to them, while the
Jewish par camorod for his return and threat
ened To usc main force unless the boy were forthwith
gwen NJ.
ihe entire Jewish community rose up in arms and
Loudly demanded that the child which, II was alleged,
had been stolen, should bc restored TO It's parents
The entlre Christian world turned toward Rome
with anxious expectations awaiting the decision oil
the Holy Father. The Pope decided not co restore
the chIld 10 tho clnmorLg parents but that ON the
contrary, provision must De made SO that the boy
should not be tempted to return 10 Judaism.
The boy was consequently brought 10 Roino aud the
Hoy Father undertook himself, ana at his own ex-
| pensc, 10 look 10 Tho boys education.
much has been made over this affair, and great
hatred created by this act 0t BAPTISM the Holy
Fatuer VINO expected 10 soul ia taking cnarge oI
tue boy, estrangcd many "A hcart anu giieveu
the minds oil numbers ci faithful children. But the
Pope did not pay attention 10 the noise o the world
hu heed the warning, but Oh Tho contrary, he
turned away with proud dsdaIn IRON those who