davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1878-06-15
THE BERLIN CONGRESS-.
Basis of the Settlement RetWeeI
England and Russia.

Basis of the settlement Between
England and Russia.
The following are points which
the Governments Of England and
Russia have agreed upon, subject to
the consideration and decision of the
Berlin Congress:
1. There shall be two Bulgarian
provinceS-OnenOrth of the Balkans,
under a Prince the other south of
the Balkans mot to touch the H1gean
sea, and its name to be chosen by
the Congress), with a Christian
Governor, and the Government
modelled upon that of the English
colonies.
2. The Turkish troops shall with
draw from the latter provinces, and
not re-enter.
3. England deplores but will not
oppose, the retrOcession of Bessara-
bia.
4. England reserves the right to
discuss in the congress all interna-
tiOnal arrangements relating to the
Danube.
5. England does not consider the
possession of Batoum by Russia
sufficient justification for hostile in
reference, and Russia promises not
to further advance her frontier in
Asia.
6. Russia will give up Bajazid to
Turkey at the request of England,
but in exchange Turkey shall cede
to Persia the providence of Ketour
(clOse to Bajazid.) This has long
been a disputed piece of territory,
and the right of It, Russia says, be-
longs to Persia.
7. Russia promises neither to take
the money idemnity in land nor to
interfere with England's claims on
Turkey as a creditor, the points as
to the payment of the war idemni-
ty to be discussed by the congress.
8. The congress will take steps to
reorganize Epirus, Thessaly, and
other Greek provinces.
9. Russia agrees that the passage
of the Dardanelles and the BOs-
phorus shall remain in stdtu qltO.
10. England will suggest at the
congress that Europe reorganize
Bulgaria, and will discuss the ques-
ton of the Russian occupation of,
and the passage of troops through
ROumania.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1878-06-15
mr. Ledbetter,s Acceptance.

Messrs. G. ". BosweU, d. j. Sinclair,
@. W. Wo6ord, j. Q. ROlCLett, and
others:
GENTLEMEN have noticed your
complimentary call land been solic-
tied by many others to become a
candidate to represent the people OF
the counties of Stewart and Mont
gomery in the lower House of the
next Legislature. / consent to be-
come candidate, hoping the other
good citizens of Stewart county will
give the same kind expression of
their will by convention, primary
election or otherwise. And | take
this opportunity to say that / am
for paying just as much of the State
debt as we are able to pay without
imposing a ruinous taxation. How
ever, believing as / do, that no par
ty can be successful that does not
Keep as their guiding star that
ancient and honorable principle of
letting the majority rule, | pledge
myself to support the State Demo-
cratic platform that may be adopted
in the next GubernatOrial Conven-
ton, provided we get a fair and
honest expression of the Democracy
of the State. Ifelected, will faith
fully and honestly discharge the
duties intrusted to me. Yours
truly, r. LEDBETTER.
May 81, 1878.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1878-06-15
WHOLE NO. 2,242.

ton, put his case a little too candidly.
He did not deny that circumstances
might arise which would justify
constitutional acts, for necessity had
no law. "But would any one earn
estly and honestly assert that any
such necessity had arisen In the
! present case ?'' But this necessity
i the very thing which the Gov
ernment do assert. It was distinctly
urged, both by Sir Michael Hicks
Beach and by Lord BeacOnsileld,
that for the sake OF asserting the
interests of the country Il was nee
essary to make sudden demand
upon our Indian forces. They
may be wrong, but Lord Harrington
valves that point and as long as Il
is waived it must be held 60 be pos
sible that a substantial justification
Of the conduct of the Government is
forthcoming.
in a word, Lord HartingtOnis
resolution could not be affirmed as a
mere abstract proposition. lt would
necessarily be held by the country
and by the world at large TO carry
some indirect censure on the Gov
ernment for the mere fact Of em-
ploying Indian troops; and Sir
Michael Hicks-Beach was, there
fore, well within his right in im-
porting the substantial policy at
issue into the discussion. II, indeed,
the conduct Of the Government had
been n gross violation Of cOnstitu-
tional right, il might have been
necessary TO place a vote OF censure
upon record; but in view Of the
elaborate duel, as Lord BeacOnsfield
happily described il, between Lord
Selborne and Lord Cairns, no one
can suppose that any such terrible
otiense has been committed. The
Government, IL may be, have done
something like violating the Bank
Charter Act. 1t is questionable,
indeed, whether they have done
even so much as that, for they have
probably only eXerted a subsisting
right of the Crown in a somewhat
extreme, If not unconstitutional,
manner. But even if they had, the
real question is whether they were
justified under the circumstances in
their powers. lt Is one of
the chief characteristics of the Bit
ish Constitution that the action of
the Crown is checked and limited at
every point, and yet il may at any
time violate such limits and be sure
of an indemnity if tho occasion JUS
tilted it. Almost anything may be
i'm constitutional law,
and almost anything may be justi-
fed in constitutional practice. It Is
utterly uniuStifinblp 10 gDpnd money
the previous consent Of the
House Of Commons, but If an emer-
yency existed, il would be utterly
in n Government not
10 spend it. The whole question Is
whether such an emergency exists,
and it is this crucial question
which Lord Harrington deliberately
avaded.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1878-06-15
TIE EAsrERN QUESTION.


1t is a fixed fact now that Con-
gress is to take place. The follow
ing is given as list of the delegates
from the different nations represent
ed:
Bismarck and Count Won Bulow
for Germany.
Lords Beaconsfeld, Salisbury and
Odo Russell for Great Britain.
Count Shouvaloff and NJ. D'Outrit,
Russian ambassador at Berlin, for
Russia.
Count Andrassy and Won Hay
merle for Austria.
Waddington and De st. Vallier
for France.
Count Corte and Count De Launey
for Italy.
1t is not yet known who will be
the representatives of Turkey.
TEXT OF THE INVITATION.
The following is the text of the
German note of invitation to the
Congress
The undersigned, ambassador of
the Emperor of Germany, has the
honor, by order of his Government,
to convey to his EXcellency, the
Marquis of Salisbury, Secretary of
State for Foreign Affairs to her
Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain
and Ireland and Empress of India,
the following communication:
In conformity with the initiative
taken by the Austro-Hungarian
Cabinet, the Government of his
Majesty the Emperor has the honor
to propose to the powers who are
the signatOries of the treaties of 1856
and 1871, to meet in congress at
Berlin, to discuss the stipulations of
the preliminary treaty of San Ste
fano, concluded between Russia and
Turkey. The Government of his
Majesty, in giving this invitation to
the Government of her Britanic
Majesty, understand that in accept
ing it the Government of her Brit
anic Majesty consents to admit free
discussion of the whole of the con-
tents of the treaty of San Stefano,
and that it is ready to participate
therein in the event of the accept
ance of all the powers invited. The
Government of his Majesty proposes
to fix the meeting of Congress for
June 13.
The undersigned, in bringing the
above to the knowledge of his Ex-
cellency, has the honor to ask him
to be good enough to acquaint him
as soon as possible with the reply of
the British Government.
LORD sALIsBURY's REPLY.
The following is Lord Salisbury's
reply to the foregoing:
The undersigned, her Majesty's |
principal Secretary of State for.
Foreign Affairs, has the honor to
acknowledge the receipt of his Ex-
cellency'S communication, inviting |
her Maiesty's Government to take
part in a congress at Berlin for the
discussion Of the stipulations of the !
preliminary treaty concluded at
San StefanO between Russia and |
Turkey. The undersigned, taking
his EXcellency's verbal intimatiOn |
that the invitation had been sent on
the same terms to the other powers |
who are signatories of the treaty of |
Paris, and understanding that these |
powers assent to the invitation on
the terms stated in his EXcellency's |
note, has the honor to inform his
Excellency that the Government of
her Majesty will be ready to take
part in a congress at the date men
toned.
And when they all get together
then what?
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1878-06-15
virginia women nnd the state
Debt.

benAs
A letter is printed in the newsJa-
peTs of Virginia, written by a
daughter of Commodore NJ. l..
Maury, and addressed to the women
of the State, proposing scheme by
which they may rescue the fair
name of the Old Dominion from
impending disgrace by discharging
i'm part its pecuniary obligations.
The tone Of the address is clearly
shown i'm the following extracts
from it: al say, therefore, If the
Legislature will not impose an adj
ditiOnal tax, III the men cannot
bring themselves to give up for the
honor of the State the price of their
whisky and tobacco for one year,
then in the name Of Justice and right
let the women of the land rise up
and raise their voices In protest
nay, more, let us put our shoulders
TO the wheel and see IL we cannot
move this heavy burden. The plan
is this--it Is only a suggestiOn-but
suppose we try it till better Is pro-
posed: In every country neighbOr-
hood, in every town district, let
some one appoint herself an agent
for the WOman's Fund for the Liqui-
datiOn Of the State Debt. Let her
visit her friends, and talk this mat
ter over, and ask how much they
can subscribe monthly or quarterly,
and let her make IL her business To
collect the same. Country people
can spare Il pound Of butter or a
dozen eggs or pair Of chickens ev-
cry now and then, and town folks
need not give quite as much as usual
for their best bonnet and dress, that
they may have something 20 add To
the fund.- Let the collections made
by the agents in the country be sent
to those in town by pOstOilice order
or registered letter, and let them
buy up tax-receivable coupons rs
fast as possible and place them in
the Governments hands 10 be can
celIed. There are not enough cOu-
pons In existence to pay all the State
tax. Much Of IL has 10 be paid i'm
money, and, Of course, the fewer
coupons there are, the more money
will flow into the Treasury. II they
could all be bought up and cancelled
hS llty tdAl hht tNNig TO hANfAti7t
the tax would have TO be paid alto
gether In money, and the State
would be greatly relieved Of her
embarrassments. have a nest-cgg
for the fund (the price Of my sing
ing lessons for the rest OF the year.;
who will be the first to add 20 II :
And / offer my services gladly ana
freely to all Who viii avail them
selves Of them. That they may d0
20 with more readiness and cOnii-
denee. would have II known whom
/ am: Eliza, fourth daughter Of
Capt. M. +. Maury, than whom |
think may safely say no man ever
did more or gave up more for the
honor and good of the State"
Farmers are busy In their fields,
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1878-06-15
An American wro,e st.fnno

An American diplomatist, Il
seems, is the original designer of
the Bulgaria of the treaty Of San
StefanO. When the conference had
been agreed upon, late in 1876, Ig-
natieff thought il would facilitate
the discussion If a scheme already
drawn up were laid before the am
bassadors when they met. lie
therefore proposed that Mr.. Schuy-
Ter, the American Consul-Genernl,
Prince Tserteleff, Secretary of the
Russian Embassy, and Mr.. Barring,
Secretary Of the British Embassy,
should draw up a scheme for the
future organization and adubnistra-
tion of European Turkey. Mr..
Barring was, however, at Philippe
polls, attending the sittings of the
commission for the punishment of
the murderers Of Batak, and he
could not come. So the preparation
of the scheme was left to Mr.. Schuy-
Ter and Prince Tserteleh. Mr.. Mac
Gahan now says that he knows as a
positive fact that in Ignatief7s orig
inal design he proposed, instead of
a united Bulgaria, two or three sep
arate provinces; and that the idea
of uniting them into one was Mr..
Schuyler's. Prince Tserteleh, after
some discussion, agreed to this, and
the scheme Of a united Bulgaria
went before the conference. Mr..
MacGahan says he can imagine Ig-
natief7s smile of grim satisfaction
when he informed Mr.. Schuyler
that Lord Salisbury had rejected the
idea Of n united Bulgaria, and that
the representatives of Russia had
consented to its partition, after some
hesitation. The scheme OF uniting
the Bulgarians north and south of
the Balkans was Mr.. Schuyler's,
and If the British Government con-
trives 10 modify this plan, as en-
bodied in the treaty Of San Stefano,
and to divide the province in half,
it will revert to Ignatieff's original
plan. That Russia would have
more inflence over a divided than
over a united Bulgaria Is a self
evident proposition.
The new Northwest. [volume] (Portland, Or.) 1871-1887, 1878-05-31
FOREIGN NEWS.

The Turks on the 5th evacuated, and
Austrians occupied Adakelep Island, in
the Danube.
Prince Gortschakof has so far recov-
cred from his illness as to be able to
leave his bed.
The Agonce Russo says the general
impression is that the prospect is favor
able for peace.
The invitations to the Congress, is
sued by Germany, state in effect that
the Congress will meet in Berlin to dis
euss the treaty Of San Stefano.
Virulent cholera has appeared at Mo-
rar, India. OF forty-one Europeans at
tackled, thirty died. A hundred cases
among the native population are re-
ported.
Austrian occupation of the island of
Odakaleh has received the sanction of
the powers, because it tends to obviate
difficulties touching the navigation Of
the Danube.
a dispatch from Copenhagen says five
Russian steamers, two of which were
ironclad, have passed through the
sound within week, and several others
are expected to follow.
Correspondents at Paris and Vienna
say that the good offices of Prince Bis
mark are largely instrumental in bring
ing about the result without humil-
iation to Russia or risk to England.
Austria, fearing in the event of war a
possible attempt on the part of Italy to
seize Trieste and the surrounding terri
tory, has doubled garrisons and quar-
tered 5000 troops in Austrian Tyrol.
The health of Pope Leo declines daily,
but unless his physicians insist upon
his departure, it will be difficult to in
duee him to go to the country. Fan
f,llla, however, says the Pope will be-
fore long leave the, vatican for other
than political reasons.
Accounts from every capital in Europe
concur in the certainty Of an early meet
ing of the peace congress, but consider
able anxiety is apparent about military
preparations aud the situation around
Constautinople. The attitude of Aus
tria creates apprehension at st. Peters
burg which will not be allayed.
The new Northwest. [volume] (Portland, Or.) 1871-1887, 1878-05-31

A correspondent furnishes the ore
0Onidn the following item about the
county farm" located about three miles
from this city: Annually about one
hundred cords of wood are furnished
from the farm for use at the county
courthouse and other points. This
year about three hundred cords will be
cut for home consumption and for mar
ket. One acre is planted with beans,
two acres with potatoes, aud ten are
sown with oats. An efficient arrange
ment has been made for the contin-
gencies Of fire. A cistern holding about
fve hundred barrels OF water, and
force pump to which two hundred feet
of hose is ready to be coupled at five
minutes notice.
The new Northwest. [volume] (Portland, Or.) 1871-1887, 1878-05-31
COMMENCEMENT AT PACIFIC UNI
VERSITY,

Commencement exercises will begin
at Forest Grove, June 2d, when General
o. o. Howard will give the Baccalau-
reate address to the graduating class,
President Marsh being still unable to
perform the duty. On Monday evening
Hon. NJ. c. George will address the lit
erary societies. On Tuesday evening
Hon. Raleigh Stott will deliver an ad-
dress, and II. b. Luce, Esq, poem be-
fore the Alumni Association. On
Wednesday at II o'clock, the usual COM
mencement exercises begin, the orations
aud essays of the graduating class, the
comforting of the degrees, etc. In the
afternoon Of Wednesday at five o'clock,
there will be given at the college chapel
an Alumni dinner, and in the evening
reunion at the same place.
The new Northwest. [volume] (Portland, Or.) 1871-1887, 1878-05-31
PIONEER REUNION.

The annual reunion Of the Oregon
Pioneer Association will take place at
the grounds OF the State Agricultural
Society in a few weeks. The following
from the constitution Of the society ex-
plains the design Of these reunions, if,
indeed, explanation is necessary:
The object OF the association shall be 10
collect, from living witnesses, such facts rela-
tive 20 the pioneers and history OF the Terri
tory Of Oregon as the association may deem
worthy Of preservation, and 10 promote social
intercourse among its members.
By these meetings many "facts
worthy Of preservation" may be brought
to light that shall form a part of the
veritable history Of the State for the
benefit of coming generations; facts
that else would be utterly lost in obscur-
ity, or at best preserved but in the form
of dim and indistinct legend. There
are no more pleasant or hilarious meet
ings than those Of our pioneers, and the
hearty zest with which they welcome
civilization is equaled only by the
pride with which they refer to what has
been within the limits of their own
knowledge. The coming meeting will
doubtless be largely attended by those
who led the van Of eager adventures
that in their early years looked long
iugly toward the setting sun, and de-
termined to "make them homes 10 its
light"
The new Northwest. [volume] (Portland, Or.) 1871-1887, 1878-05-31
DECORATION DAY.

Once more the changing cycles have
brought the day held sacred as "AIemo-
rial Day" over the entire North, and
once more have men, women, and chill
dren, preceded by bands discoursing SOL
elmn strains, repaired to the cemeteries
Of the nation, bearing baskets laden
with the "garnered bloom Of May" to
bestrew the soldiers graves. The Gus
tom is beautiful and appropriate, and
accompanied by words that recall the
daring deeds Of the brave men who at
duty's behest faced an arrogant foe in
defense Of their eountry's honor, and to
uphold her unity inspires solemnity and
enkindies patriotism in every loyal
breast.
The new Northwest. [volume] (Portland, Or.) 1871-1887, 1878-05-31
NEWS ITEMS.
STATE AND TERRITORIAL.

Within the past week Jackson county
has sent three persons to the hospital
i for the insane.
Post offices have been established at
Freedom, Coos county, and Shell Rock,
WascO county.
The Canadian government is about to
construct line of telegraph from Vic
tOria to NanaimO.
The North Pacific Cheese Factory, of
Port Townsend, ships cheese to Vic
tOria, Seattle and Portland.
If the season continues as good as It
has been thus far, Oregon will have the
finest crops she has ever produced.
1t is thought that the census now be-
ing taken will give Walla Walla county,
w. T., population of nearly 5000.
One thousand dollars is being ex-
pended in fencing and otherwise i'm
proving the public square at Vancouver.
The entire Sound country will cOngre-
gate at Olympia to listen to the screams
of the American eagle on the GLORIOUS
Fourth"
One thousand, seven hundred head of
beef cattle will shortly be driven from
the eastern part of Lake county TO the
San Francisco market.
The anniversary Of the Queens BIRTH
day was celebrated with great anima-
tion at Victoria. Nearly a thousand
visitors were in the city.
w. r. Dunbar, G. w. c. T., organized
a lodge of Good Templars on tile 18th
inst. at AlthOuse, Josephine county,
with thirty-six charter members.
The Palouse country is rapidly set
tling up. Notwithstanding the active
operation OF a number of saw mills.
many carpenters are idle from lack Of
lumber.
Judge Sawyer and family, of San
Francisco, have been making a flying
visit over portions of Oregon, Washing
ton and British Columbia during the
past two weeks.
The tide marsh interest of the Sound
is represented at 5000 acres of grain.
with some 1000 in grass and vegetables
This area is expected to be about
doubled next year.
At the recent term Of court in DouoIas
county, the Cinnamon charged with
robbing Marks safe plead guilty. and
were each sentenced TO a term Of six
years in the penitentiary.
WeatherfOrd & Co., Of Salem. are fill
ing an order from the East for LOCO
pounds Of chittum bark, which grows
extensively in this State, and is much
used for medicinal purposes.
Among the labor-saving machines in
troduced by G.. w. Hume into his can
neryi Is steam soldering machine,
which, with the aid Of three men, will
solder from $1,000 to 80, 600 cans per day.
A convention is called to be held at
Walla Walla to consider ways and
means of reducing freights on the CO.
iumbia River. Every precinct east Of
the Cascades is invited to send delegates
to consider the matter.
James c. Tolman, the newly-ap-
pointed SurveyOr-General of Oregon,
has executed his official bond in the
Office of the clerk of the L. 5. Circuit
Court in the sum Of $4,000. On the APP
prOval of the bond by the authorities in
Washington, Mr.. TOlman will enter
upon the duties of the position.
The mill companies on the Sound are
gradually working into the employ
OF married men in preference to the
bachelor element that has heretofore
made up the ranks of the mill crews.
This will cOnduce to a better state of
morals about those milling ports than
has prevailed under the old regime.