The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-05-03


Total expenses ...........-...... sl474
4. Tenant and 10 acres cane and acres corn.
Tenant takes IA MUCH land as he can work
without hiring other laborers and, proceeding
on basis of hrd arrangement until time OF do
livery, when farmer takes crop standing less
SOC per ton for non delivery at sugar house:
CROP.
1 acres plant cane 80 tons
4 acres first ratOons 60 tons
acres second ratoOns- 20 tons
Total .,.......- ............ 100 tons
Seed for four acres 20 tons
Crop for mill. ....-.,. ..-...--..,. 40 tons
40 tons at g. so per ton make crop yield $3.50
2 mules conaume..-.- 1870 bushels corn
acres produces. .-....---------- 80 bushels corn
The, G remains to buy 10 bushels corn
100 bushels corn at G5e .........-..E 87s
AS tenant does not deliver this crop he works
for wages, say 80 days ut ST. and earns $40
Net result to tenant for his years labor -. 1852
The first method nets the small independent
farmer 1916 for his years services He proba-
| bly, will be- able to nearly supply his family
wants from his own garden and the amount
shown ns earned may be earned net. or dmin-
| iShed only by taxes.
The second method throwing as 1t does al
most the entire charge for labor In the sugar
house. az we'll IA In the field upon the to ant.
does not show SO we'll for him. and can scarce
| ly produce results satisfactory to tho tenant.
| except in favorable seasons. If tho require
ment that each tenant should supply an extra
man for the campaign were waived. the method
| would seem more equitable
| The third method gives the tenant fair re-
turn. IA he gets value for his own services and
makes profit on the labor Of those he hires.
| The fourth m4hod Is what we shonld come to.
and when have an Industrious fam lily on
every sixteen acres Of our lands. the earning of
| 1852 named will be almost net as nearly all the
| family consumes can be raised on the same
| land without additional expense.
In labOrDg to perfect some good tenant Sys-
/ tai IN " uIutltpf n
confess that have been thus far disappointed.
/ / have faiIed to develop in the Individual tenant
that earnest desire to labor for himself that
should characerize every INDUSTRIOUS man;
! My experiments have been chiefly with colored
men but have tried both white and colored
men. In 1874 had one coored tenant. In 1875
! | had some twelve or fifteen coored tenants
and five or ak white; in 1876 some sixty coored
and fifteen white: in 1877 about tweuty five col
| nred and ten white. and in 1879 five colored and
/ three white. The single tenant In 1874 was quite
successful. In 1873 they were all success ful one
drawing in cash as hts net gain, after paying
| hi expenses. some sl135. In 1876 our canes
penses. In 1877 our can were frozen, wind
rowed and eur short, and our tenants were dis
gusted. The few who have adhered to the sys
tenn have now an excellent promise for 1873.
The coor"d man is naturally Comparative.
and in his Ignorance j. suspicious. II the crop
comes short he fancies he may have been
! swndled. and has no means OF determining to
his satisfaction whether such l. the case.
There are many Of them splendid workers
/
can be so shaped az to come within their com
prehension, still think they can BIS made ex-
cellent tenants. They have fondness for rice
they comprehend it better. The number Of
barrels Of rough rice produced ona small area,
the value Of the same per barrel. the cost Of the
seed and the rent of the land are the four fac
tors that they do comprehend and they go into
it year after year though frequently not nearly
adapt the cane culture that it shall be equally
eomprehen ible l 'hink the fourth method
named does it, thoTEh have not yet
give tonnage OF cane the tenant
can compute the gross proceeds Of. and
S %T s" VIII m ana Fin e
. omY, and prevent any surprises about the final
result. When the tenants monthly expenses
are large $50, s75 or 800 per month, he does not
cpmprehend their magnitude; rather enjoys
the control Of so much expenditure At no time
in the year can he see through the facts Of the
case and fairly Judge of the outcome, and bis
hope for handsome profit grows into a posi-
tive expectation Of 1t, and when in the end he
finds no profit. nothing left, he suspects that
the system. Certainly the system can be adj
ms cd to meet these cases; and beieye it Will
Each step forward will make the subsequent
steps less difficult Nice distinctions rs to
quality Of land will be developed. Stiff lands
and sandy lands will be avoided or sought, as
experience shows their relative merit. The ex-
act maintenance or the gradual development Of
the lands the anaptity Of cane to be put into the
fall planting and fatl ditcbing ali come under
careful consideration, The relative prodnc-
| tivenesS of our several varieties Of cane. and
the, area that one man can, plant and cultivate,
will be quickly determined. The planter with
| tWent y tenants will find that he has twenty men
| besides himself, thinking out the unsolved pro-
| biems in the industry, and the solutions may
come from the most unexuccted quarter.
1t is becoming evident to every one that the
| area OF land in cane Is but poor indication Of
| tie expec ed crop, An acre Of land may yield
cane enough to produce one half hogshead Of
| sugar or enough to produce four hOgSheadS
Almo tevery season shows these extremes, or
greater.
The beet sugar, industry of Europe, produc-
ing, as it now does, three eighths of the total
amount OF sugar produced In the world, and
4 bidding fair 10 soon e4fnl In production the
saga 1I produced from cane in the rest t. OF the
weight.
| The best common measurement of beets or
cane thus far determined is measurement by
| weight. With further progress In the industry
the quality OF the Juice may be made factor
but necessity bias not yet forced it into use, but
! it will come. Many planters oppose the tenant
system on account Of its comDlexity They
DON, want to keep so many accounts. Can we
avoid troublee 1t ceases to be a question Of
choice rs it has become one of necessity We
must learn VIVA hurts us. and we can only do
| this by checking our accounts at each step.
| A plantation growing 1000 acres OF cane
should produce 90 900 tons Of cane. and yet there
u hardly an av'rage 1000 acres OF cane in the
State that yield 10000 tons If ON the basis Of
| twelve tons per acre the industry should be self
| su-t lining, at twenty tons 1t would yield a
averag" cane mill in this State probably does
not express over 50 per cent Of juice. Almost
/ any good cane mill can be made to express 90
| per cent. and should express IS per cent. If the
industry l. DEMONSTRATING on the basis Of 50 per
cent yield of Juice. at so cent yield it will pay
/ about % per cent profit.
| Scarcely uzar- house in the State works I'D
to over two-thirds Of its capacity during this
! grinding mDagn. If a sugar house tb at has
! the capacity for thirty hogsheads per DAY. and
/ yet turns out but twenty, should be worked up
| to its capacity. there would be gain Of so per
OF one-third in the average cost Of manufac-
| ture
We have the best sugar lands in the world all
! things CONSIDERED. Our lands are as fertile as
! those Of Egypt. Ours IS tire Egypt, or the
Holland Of the new world. Our agricultural
| year is twelve months long. We have no North
sea to fight. We have a mighty river that has
mad- our lands. but its clay banks well cared
! fnra ha tIvpn 10 to ,t4.ft in