New-York tribune., 1878-01-05
AREroRr BY MR.. sClILrlCrIER.

Trr urNicAN QrtsiinN In"H"'"iiN p'o' S,'p
sirGaifvC 40 SrwNoEK VIA MlNl'"-pi"-
rrApr.
irY rnrGrAru - nIr rnirrSaI
wtmN.iuN. Jan. 4 o. Tho report on hrNi
,., ,a.if. which Nr. schlcirh,r, 70. chairman oi
,,n.rommti,c b. preparing ior submission {" the
u,n. Committee ou For ian Affairs viii be th' most
,,bgn,iiye dacnncut on the subject thnt h"'
,,.r b..n snbm.itcd 10 CorUtss Mr S.hleich-
. -. u.fi.rf familiarity with the country and
a.. ,.r,nlr icprc. .enuug. as he dos. district
v.t b.ri,rs on Mexico for about 600 milos. and
,be great nls., of documentary Information M1i'h
4, bss cDll. ia VII make his DISCUSSION OF TIE sub
t,t , yalr,hle aud interesting one, no matter
,leth r fhr reader accepts his conclusions ava! hl-
-. b,. recommendation or not. The Bio Grandc
,r,uhl., VIII OF cour.c bc treated Of, bat the
military aspect of the question will hc lett to the
eommitee having that matter specially IN charge.
vr schlcehcr will deal more with tho causes oi
those fro hes aud the measures necessary for thcr
tenoval than with tie means winch should be
about sor the immediate protection OF Amcrcan
citizens in Texas.
Tie rr,t,cton ~ American citizens who so to
N..i,o. or any other foreign country. for the
,,ruoe of engaging in trade viii De strongly urged
Nr F.h lail down the doctrine. when he was 500
rt,ry of STATE that citizen of The United states
who went out o The country for the purpose OF MAX
ing money. did so NJ his own risk, and that
n frcrd loans were levied upon him either
by the constituted authorities Of the country
IN which he resided or by Evolutionary leaders, he
could nof ell upon his own Government TO assist
hp in obtaining redress. This doctrine MI
Schleicher will entirely dissent from. He VIII
hold that VIC cannot have commerce with
Mexico and South America unless respect
able American merchants can go % these
IL. Il T. hc If pu Ol
English merchants England has secured nearly all
the markets that naturally belong to the United
States. Mr.. Fishs doctrine Mr.. Schleicher believes,
II carried into effect. would rcpc responsible mer-
chants. and only mere advoDtuIers, who have
nothing 10 lose, would go 10 Mexico to transact
business.
MI Schlcicher will also discuss the questions that
have arisen from the existence of the Zona Libra
The state Of Tamaulip8s, in 1853. IN or
der 20 prevent towns in Texas from OBJ
tainng all the trade Of Mexican citizens, estab-
lisled a free zone tho south side OF the
Rio Grandc into which goods may be imported from
any country free Of duty. The establishment OF
this free zoue was not approved by the Central Gov
srnment until 1852. Its existence has caused a
large population Of smurgcrs 10 collect on the Mex
ican side Of frontier, who defy tho laws
both Of Mexico and Of Texas. Silks laces
and other valuable goods Of small bulk are said 10
be impoflcd To Matamoras and then smuggcd into
Texas at points above Brownsville, where It is i'm
possibe for our Custom House officers to keep close
guard on the frontier. Thence they are taken 10
Galveston and shipped to New-York. Mr. Schleicher
will propose measures for the removal Of this abuse
Attention will also be called TO the fact that there
Is AZ present no law for the punishment Of Mexicans
who commit crmes Of any kind in Tex
a. The local authorities Of the Mexican
States refuse to take cOgnizance OF such
crimes, on the ground that tho remedy for
citizens Of the United States is through the
txtraliton treaty. MAKE out your case against
them and we will surrender them" say the Mexican
officers but when a case is made out and the surren
der of criminal demanded the first question that is
asked by the Mexican authorities is. " Is he a citizen
OtTcxas who has fed from ustceY If he is not then
the extraditon treaty does not apply to him, for it
only provides for tho surrender Of citizens Of the
United States who. having committed crimes, have
fled 10 Mexico. so there is no law for the punish
ment Of this class of criminals. President DIaz
offered 20 surrender the Rio Grande City raiders Of
last August without regard to the requirements
Of the treaty.
Mr.. Schlccher is opposed to anyundue haste in the
recognition If Diaz. Hearing that tie Cabinet
would act upon this question, he called upon the
President to protest against II, on the ground that
the subject had been submitted TO Congress, and the
Executive onght now TO wait until Congress has had
an opportunity to express an opinion upon
whether that opinion is regarded or not when the
subject is finally acted upon. The President said
that no action wOuld be taken until Congress had
passed upon the subject.
MI Sehlcicher says that it is not true that it las
been the policy Of the United States to recognize a
dc facto Government IN Mexico without waiting 10
see whether il is strong enough to maintain itself
not Mr. Seward wrote to our Minister in Mexico
during the war; taking just the opposite ground from
that now assumed by those who would force the
Administration to an immediate recognition. The
United states never recognized Maximilian al
though almost every foreign nation did so.
The argument that recognition is necessary
lr the building up Of trade with
Mexico, is, Mr.. Schloicher thinks, wholly
without force. The two countries which now have
noIe trade with Mexico than any others are Eng
iand and France neither one OF which has had Dip
Dmalic relations with Mexico since the withdrawal
o. the French. The recognition Of Diaz Mr..
Sehielcher thinks, will help us very little i'll our
Mr. Schleicher will advocate the adoption Of some
SehniIe policy toward Mexico, that shall be perfect
y understood III both countries, aDF faithfully car
asa ,sa OUT. lie has no faith IN the sincerity
y the Mexicans, and believes, therefore.
ccat IN any arrangements made between their
vosernment and our own, 1t should be
understood that If they do not cary out their part Of
ihe agreement the United States shall have the right
70 .osxecute the provisions of the treaty itself. Our
lyhey, he also believes, should be of such
ssracteI as TO strengthen the actual government of
Menco, discourage revolutions and prevent frequent
ane ioreibe changes OF administration. In the
siaoility OF Mexican institutions the United States
s. an interest second only to that of Mexico her
a., ahd 1t is an interest, Mr.. Sehleichcr thinks,
& -, VIII warrant the adoption of measures tend
mg TO secure 1t.
nee, are some of the subjects of which Mr..
tbener Other a VAL treat in his report There still