davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
Bohemian.

l have nothing of much interest
to write for this issue, as moth
ing very remarkable has trail spired
among US recently. Farmers are
all very busy, and the young people
have not much time for enjoyment.
Mr.. William Carter, a respected cit
izen of Lynnville, gave US a call last
Thursday. DIR. Jesse Pate, of Rog-
ersville, Ala. is visiting his father
on Weakley's creek. There is a
spelling match to be held at Slate
Springs, Saturday next, March
23rd. All are cordially invited to
come, and bring their friends with
them. Ladies, particularly remem-
Der, that you are requested to meet
at one o'clock, P. NJ. A full at
tendance is desired. Our debating
society was well patronized last
Friday night. But few ladies, how
ever were present. Among the
gentlemen present, were Mr.. Lum
Taught of Parker's Store; Mr.. Chas.
Vaughn, of Dry Creek, and severa!
other learned gentlemen. The boys
did as well as could have been ex-
pected. Call again, gentlemen; and
ladies, don't forget US. am truly
glad to see our young gentlemen
take such lively interest in this
practical work of oratory. am
sorry to note to you that our Pres
ident has been sick for several
days, and is not yet convalescent.
Mr.. Lum Taught, was appoih ted in
his stead, and he transacted the
business Independently. Rev. X.
w. Seay, of Wilson county, will
preach at the new church on Weak
iey's creek on the 5Jh Sabbath Of
this month. Come one and all and
hear him. We learn that Rev. d.
5. Bodenhamer will also preach at
Slate Springs on the 4th Sabbath of
this month.
Mr.. Samuel Pinkus of Pulaski
was out to see us last Sunday. 1t
is rare treat to hear him argue |
Scripture. Mr.. Alexander Reed, a |
handsome and gallant young gentle
man from Mt. Moriah gave us |
call few days ago. CUPID.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
9nfal 9ews.

The st. Giles Opening was Sc
largely attended and has been sc
much talked of by the people and
papers that it leaves little else TO be
said. 1t was a grand affair, truly,
and was honored with the presence
Of many eminent visitors. From
Nashville came Messrs. Jilson P.
johnson, Jno. c. Burch, Z. B. Stahl-
man, Gray, Robin Rodes, Tom Per
kins. Lindsay Smith, A. j. Warren,
Will Hawks. NJ. B. Toney and lady,
and Miss Ida Madden.
From Columbia, Messrs. H. P.
Seavey, w. H. Hilliard, j. H. An
drews, Sims Latta, Alex. H. Brown,
Geo. G. Taylor, with their ladies',
d. I. Chappell and his daughter,
Mise Ellen, who spent several days
at the St. Giles, Misses Laura Fitz-
patrick, Ida Jamison, Messrs. Fletch
Dial ucS, w. a. w ullJuOTHC, II. NJ
Mckay, 10. A. Irvine, Jno. H. Barr,
Clark Taylor, Lynch Perry, Jesse
Bicknell, A. NJ. Hughes, Jr., Beau
mont Hughes, j. L. Harrahan, r.
w. Fulwiler, Aris Rains, JEFF. Cole
burn, Willie Wilson, Lem. p. Patch
EFT, Jas. Barnett, DR.. j. r. South
worth, Ed. Grant and A. S. Horsley.
Judge VS.. McLemore came from
Franklin, and also Miss Hattie Nc
Gavock.
Messrs. A. N. Miller, Clint Arm
strong, w. w. Cowden and DR.. c.
Alt. Alternately represented Lewis
burg.
Hon. b. NJ. Townsend, Mr.. r. N.
Townsend and DIR. Ruff. Coleman
came up from Athens.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
Death Of Mrs. Curry McGrew.

Mrs. Eliza McGrew, aged about
20 years, wife of Mr.. Curry Nc
Grew, who lives 8 miles south of
towl, came to sudden and most
painful death on Wednesday morn
ing last. the result OF a burn a day
or two previous. The cause of the
accident was as follows: Her grand
children were cleaning up a fence
row on the farm and set fire To a
pile OF leaves and brush. When 1t
had commenced TO burn well a
whirlwind scattered it and set fire
to the fence and the stubble ada
cent. Deceased went TO their as
sistance. and while lighting the fire,
her dress became lighted in the rear
and before she was aware of it her
body was enveloped in the flames.
Her remains will be inferred to-day
at the Wilkerson grave yard one
mile north of Pulaski. She was the
mother of Mr.. Neill McGrew and
Mrs. L. Ingram of Pulaski.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Maj. John Gordon, of Brick
Church, a veteran of 80 years was
in town Monday. He came to the
cane brakes of Giles near where be
now lives in 1908, and with his
brother Col. Thos. K. Gordon, who
is still living and in his Seth year,
went to mill from there to William
son county for some time before
there was any mill nearer their
home. These noble old men have
been useful and honorable citizens
of old Giles ever since it has been a
county, and we trust they may
abide with US for many years to
come.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. Robert WeidensaIl, visiting
agent of the International Execu-
tive Commute of the young Mems
Christian Association, was in Pu-
Pulaski Tuesday and Wednesday,
under the auspices of the Tennessee
State Executive committee. He or
ganized a branch of the Young
Mems Christian Association at the
Methodist Church on Tuesday
evening with - members. This is
a glorious work he is engaged in,
and we trust he may be eminently
successful everywhere he goes. The
Association will meet again to night
for organization.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Our ex local was delegated by
the CITIZEN to write up the details
of the grand opening" of the st.
Giles, and true to his instinct for
singularity-the whole subject hav
ing been exhausted by the CITIZEN
last week and other papers since
has furnished it to US in rhyme. 1t
is not what we expected of him,
but is nothing more nor less than
we might have expected, and is all
that the reader may expect on the
subject. 1t has tie merit of being
comparatively brief, if not overly
brilliant, and odd, if not exhaus tive,
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

There is probability that our
Missionary Baptist friends will re-
organize soon at this place. The
Hall lately occupied by the Episco-
palians has been inspected by Capt.
Hill and Rev. Mr.. Walters with this
view, who will report to the Mission
Board of the State its condition and
the probable cost of repairs and
seats, This board proposes to send
and sustain pastor, provided the
Church, assisted by the community,
will provide the place of worship.
This can be easily done in liberal
Christian community like Pulaski.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

They town authorities of Tus-
cumbia, Ala, jackson, Tenn, and
other towns in the South, are per
forming practical acts of charity in
arresting all the tramps that come
into the corporation and putting
them TO work. When their terms
expire, the best Of them-those who
prove to be good workers-are
either employed regularly on the cor
poration or situations procured for
them. Such n rule might be en-
forced profitably in Pulaskl-protit
ably to both the corporation and
the tramDS,
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
Samuel's Mill,

The hoary head is a crown OF
glory if it be found in the way OF
righteousness" And Mr.. Thomas
McCanless testifies that this way,
even amid Affections, is a way OF
pleasantness and peace. He is still
with us and we hope will be for Il
long time yet. Visits paid him by
such of his old friends as Major @.
of Brick Church and Mr.. Edward
NJ. of Blooming Grove are highly
appreciated by our venerable sick
friend. 1t is truly affecting to wit
ness the hand shaking fareweils OF
these veterans, who have known
each other for more than half cen
fury, and hear them say, III we
meet no more on earth we hope TO
meet in better and brighter world
| am fond of the company of old
people, aud will try 20 follow the
example of the above named, of Wis
iting the sick. This will 90 to make
up no mean part of the Shiboleth
that is to pass on through the gate
into the city of light aud love.
Esquire Parsons is completing a
comfortable school house about a
mile south of Cave Spring and
about 300 yards from this village.
1t is in a pretty grove, where the
water is as pure as nectar. This is
surely a well chosen spot for o
school and for public worship.
However, some friends down the
creek are too far away yet from a
school house.
Now let the preachers come to
Cave Spring and to this new house,
Gum Dale, and preach to us. We
will welcome you. Having nice
spring weather and you all having
been rendered Pepper tea in porfuse
abundance, and we having souls to
save, we solicit preaching. Rev.
Mr.. Rothrock, we are glad to learn,
will preach to us in the afternoon
on each I'd or 4th Sunday-perhaps
on both. Who else will be so kindI
Then let our old Sunday. school
friend David Graves, with all the
friends of children and morality,
rally and call together our scores OF
bright-eyed girls and boys and re
organize Sabbath-scbool. Let not
sister neighborhoods excel US in
this heaven approved cause.
A party passing over this road a
few days since had fun and merri
mcnt at the expense of citizens liv-
ing near the ROAD. They jerked
rails from fences, threw down cord
wood, spoke timber and what not.
AS all our county people are gentle
men, or claim to be. and as il is
universally acceded that no gentle
man will swear in the presence or
hearing Of ladies, nor injure his fell
low man in person or property, il has
been suggested in view of the above
named depradations and of the FIRE
quent loud oathes uttered along this
road. that perchance some of those
Arab Turpen Turks" have made
their way into our country.
We had the hardest rain fall here
on the morning of the 18th inst
that we have Witnessed ia a year.
Nearly all the watergaps along this
part of Pigeon Roost we're carried
away by the freshet
The wife of Mr.. Mack Condly,
after protracted sickness OF months
duration, is up again. The types
made me say Mr.. instead of Mrs.
Mccoy. ] will write now and here
after over the more appropriate
na@e 81 AnanuM
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
THURSDAY, ::MAR. 81. 1873
R1TTa FoR ADVERTISING
ADVERTISEMENT standinr 8 month"; on

Advertisements standing months OF lers
payable always in advance. Other bills due
quarterly in advance. 10 per cent. off Of
yearly or half yearly bills when all paid in
advance.
Obituaries and tributes of respect charged
for at cents per line in advance without va
ration.
Calls upon persons to become candidates
and answers to same 10 cents per line, in ad-
vance.
Announcements of candidates for County
officers Is in advance. District officers $40,
in advance.
Local notices among reading matter 20 cent
per line for fret and 10 cents per line for each
subsequent insertion. Locals ordered in for
specified time longer than l month. 10 cents
per line each insertion. No local less than
so cents for first insertion.
job work must be paid for when ordered,
except by special agreement.
IEFrom this date Aug. IT. 1879, and
until further notice, standing advertisements
amounting to much $25 will be dis
counted 10 per cent. those reaching $40 will
be deducted 20 per cent, and those amount
ing TO 800 and over, rs per cent. This ap-
plies only TO standing advertisements and
not to locals or specials or job work.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. Henry Waterson was COM
plimented with a very large audi
ence last Tuesday evening, and the
report of tie American represents
the lecture as a very entertaining
production, Astounding in humor
Mr.. Waterson is one of the ablest
and wittiesL of American writers,
and he is rapidly taking the same
rank as a lecturer. An effort was
made to induce him to deliver his
lecture in Pulaski, but his engage
ments we're such that he could not
come
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

The frost in this locality Tues
day morning was very heavy, but
the earth being very dry, it did no
material damage. Fruit was hard
ly far enough advanced to be mate
rally injured even if 1t had been q
deadener. There will be plenty of
blooms yet to give us an abundant
crop if old Jack will stay away.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
On last Friday night about mid

On last Friday night about mid
night two persons rode up to Wales
Station and hitched n horse and
mule about 100 yards from the de-
pot and walked up to the platform
and shouldered two 200 pound bags
OF cotton and started oil with them,
The Section Boss happened to see
them, shot at them and made them
drop the cotton and leave their ami
mails. The mule was recognized as
the property of L ON Sweeney, cold,
and the horse that of his brother.
Tn was arrested and tried in town
Monday before Esq. r. D. Reed and
committed. He was prosecuted by
Jones g. Ewing, Il. X. Att'ys, and
defended ably by Judge z. o. S.
Perkins. Two other boys were
under arrest to I've tried yesterday,
charged with being implicated in
this and in the theft of two bales of
cotton taken from the Pulaski depot
month ago.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. L. 4. Bean, from the South
ern part of Indiana has located in
Pulaski. His family is expected in
a few days. We welcome him to
Pulaski, and trust he may be only
the forerunner of large number
of immigrants to this glorious sun
ny CLINE and fertile region of Mid
die Tennessee.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
Plain rings made TO order
AT WINsHIP's.

Messrs. Flautt Martin & Co., ad-
vertise the celebrated Whitewater
wagon, which Is claimed TO be the
best in America. The harrow spo-
ken of in their advertisement is in
deed a novelty, aud We think a
good one. There is no discount on
the wagon though, certain.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Jordan Carter, colored, q son of
Tunsel and Mary Cater, of this
place, died of consumption at Mary
vile, Tennessee, on the 18th inst,
aged % years. Deceased was for
nerly a servant in this office, and
we will long remember his faithful
ness and uprightness of character.
He was intelligent and ambitious
above his race, and not content
with the position of mere roller
boy and servant, he aspired to a
knowledge of the art of printing,
and left us in 1870 To enter the of
nee OF the Maryvine Republican, a
paper conducted by colored men,
aud remained there until his death.
He became a leader of his race, and
was buried with honOrs and many
marks of esteem.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
HORSES & MULES

Bought and sold at Wells New Liv-
cry and Sale Stable, and Bargains given,
Lett Side North Main Street.
Also runs a cOmmodious and COM
Portable Passenger HACK to Lawrence
burg try-weekly. Express or other
packages delivered at reasonable rates.
Orders lett at the stable or at the Post
office will be promptly attended to.
mar2-tf
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
1T B. NJ. YOUNG s. Co.

The Rusks gave another enter
tainment at Antoinette Hall on
Tuesday evening last to small au-
dience. Mrs. Rusk repeated the
bugle echo in a most creditable
manner, and Prof. Rusk gave us
some very funny selections. Mrs
R has no superior in the bugle
echo, and the Professor personates
well. They left for Alabama yes
terday.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Dave Cox says the reason the
phitin editor has had no fuss with
a white man is because no white
man would notice him. And as
for the goose laying the dimijon
egg, nothing but goose would lay
an egg on his place.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Our entsrprising young friend
Will DuBose has received a new lot
of cigars, one of which he had made
under the brand of "Fount's Pet"
which is quite compliment to Mr..
Smithson. He has several differ
ent new brands.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

DR.. j. ]. Alternately returned to
Nashville Friday. The types last
week made US say that he lett here
in 1886. They should have said
1889. The doctor is still young,
vivacious and witty.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. Alexander Brown of Ashland,
Miss, died on the 9th inst, aged ~
years. The Masonic Lodge of that
place pays a suitable tribute to his
memory. He was good man and
was formerly a citizen OF Giles
county.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

That editors are always delighted
to get anything TO "fll up" their
paper.
That they have plenty of time to
correct bad manuscript.
Thst they should puff every
body for nothing.
That. they should know every
thihg whether informed or not
That they have lots Of money.
That they should print every man
who attends 9 deg tight or q horse
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Rev. Mr.. Caldwell, who has been
preaching for the Presbyterlans for
some time, they having no pastor,
gave them his last sermon Sunday.
1t is said to have been one of the
best efforts of that able divine.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Rev. j. D. Barbee impresses a
listener with the idea that he is an
independent thinker and a bold
speaker. He gives expression to
vigorous thoughts in the most Wig
orous English.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

A team became frightened on the
square Monday and ran away. 1t
cost the owner five dollars for leav-
ing his traces hitched. Country
men must remember it is against
the law to leave their traces
hitched on the streets.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Misses Ida Madden of Nashville
and Hattie McGavock of Franklin,
two charming young ladies, re-
manned over from the "Opening,"
and have been the guests of Miss
Sallie Ballentine Cor the past week.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. Jack Whites kitchen and
contents were totally consumed by
fire on Saturday evening last, the
result of carelessness. Loss abou,
$500. The cook lost all she had.
Fortunately the wind blew the
flames away from the house.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

The toilets of the ladies at the
ST. Giles Opening we're the grandest
perhaps ever witnessed here. They
were nearly all prepared specially
and we're universally beautiful and
costly. 1t is little use for US to at
tempt to describe them, for we do
not know half the names of the
many beautiful things. The gen
tlemen who assisted Capt. Irvine in
the reception did it with unexam-
pied correctness.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

DR.. Grsnt's telephone from his
private rooms at the Osborn House
to his Office on I'd Street, has been
the sensation this week. 1t is de-
cidedly the best ever erected in Pu-
laski
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. Jno. D. Miller accompanied
Mr.. A. S. Horsley and other Colum-
bians upon a fishing excursion to
the Big Warrior last week.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Alex. Mason, cold, ate u pounds
of sponge cake, dry So" Saturday
night, some one proposing to pay
for it if he would eat it--and Alex.
still lives. Where is the next who
cnn heat fhaf2
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Through family affection Rev. j.
D. Barbee, the Presiding Elder, was
detained at home last Saturday
and Sunday, and interchanged work
with Rev. A. G.. Dinwiddie, who
went TO Culleoka and held his quar-
terly meeting.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

The session of the Sharon con-
gregation will meet on Saturday,
April 9th, at o'clock P. N. Preach
ing and the sacrament of the Lords
supper on Sabbath following at IL
O'clock
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Rev. j. NJ. Walters, who has been
the guest OF Capt. Hill for two
weeks, went to Athens yesterday to
assist Rev. DIR. Teasdell in meet
ing. He will return to Nashville
from Athens.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Miss George Adams returned
last week from a protracted visit to
her relatives, Mr.. Thos. Eldridge
and family, at Memphis.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

AIR. VIM. b. Doss was at his
neighbours, Mr.. Neill Griggs', last
Tuesday, and found one of his
(Grigg,') dogs mad. He got gun
and pursued it in the direction OF
his own house and shot and killed
it. He has four little children and
the dog wac making directly for
his yard and would perhaps have
bitten some of them but for the
fortunate shot. He realized this
w"i.e after the dog and it doubtless
nerved him. He was some thirty
yards behind the dog, both run
ming, when he fred through a crack
in the fence, hitting the dog in the
left flank and the ounce ball COM
ing out and tearing his right shout
der off, killing HIM instantly. 1t was
. remarkable shot for d one armed
man.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Easter comes the 10Th day of
April this year-very late. So ac-
cording to the old rule, there will
be late Spring. Look sharp for
frost about Easter and be ready for
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
Attention, Ladies.

We have just received splendid as
sortment of Ladies' Silk Embroidered
Ties, of the very latest styles and shades.
Also beautiful lot of Childs' Lace
Slips. Something new and attractive.
Please call and examine them
mr7-tf RosENAU g. LovEMAN.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

BEN. MONROE, Decorator and Paper
Hanger, with Benson, Brown & Co.,
No. 80 North College Street, Nashville,
Tenn. Sen27.lY
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Save your Bees. Transfer them to
the Improved Movable Comb Hive, sold
by Bray & Evans, Lynnville. Trans
ferring q specially. feb21-St-eow
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

The j. BIS gave a Hop at the St.
Giles last night. OF course it was
an elegant affair, but we were una
BILE to get a report before going to
press
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
NOTICE.

All persons indebted to j. II. Cannon
& Co. are requested to come forward and
settle their accounts Immediately, as
further indulgence cannot be given
First, last and only call. ian3-tf
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
EUREKA"

The newest and best things out:
6-Button Eureka Diapers,
6-ButtOn Original Rubber Diapers,
Imperyious Dress Shields,
Children's Rubber Bibs,
All just received and very cheap at
mar14-3t BEAsLEY & BAUGH's.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21
WAKE.

The measles and whooping cough
are both still raging here. We IN
destand that our esteemed and
highly respected citizen. Mr.. James
NJ. King is very i'll now-caused
from a relapse of the measles, but
we sincerely hope that something
may be done to render him a
speedy recovery. The infant child
OF DR.. and Mrs. Moore OF Elkmont
Springs died of measles last week.
We extend our sympathies to the
bereaved parents and hope that the
allwise and omniptept Being will
send consolation to their sorrowing
hearts. Our young friend DR.. j. j.
Upshaw is also attacked with the
measles, but we do not have any
fears of it proving dangerous with
him, as It's effects upon little people
are seldom fatal. The young peo-
pie of this vicinity have recently or
ganized a reading club. We think
it will prove a great benefit if car
ried on correctly.
We read in the last issue of the
CITIZEN a glowing account of the
opening of the st. Giles Hotel. We
were sadly disappointed in not at
tending, but our bus diver, Lewis
b., was off to log rolling and con
sequently we had to decline the idea
of going. Mar. 10th. GILMORE.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1878-03-21

Mr.. Will. Gilbert has recovered
from the measles, and is attending
to business as usual.