The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1878-05-10

fruit as well as the size; the latter
by furnishing an escape of the wa
terry particles through the porous
skin. II the fruit is well advanced
when attacked by the disease, it
does not lessen but increases the
sweetness of the pulp By means of
evaporation. 1t has still an addi,
tional affect of tOughening the skin
and rendering it pliable, so that
the fruit is not so liable to be dam
aged by shipping. As the golden
colored fruit sells for about double
the price of the rusty, it is very de-
sirable to growers to know both the
cause of the disease and the rene
dy; the cause, that it may be
avoided, aud the remedy, that the
disease may be cured.
That the reader may the more
readily discover and expose the
tallacy, if any exists, or be satisfied
with the truth of the theory, if
proven, | will give the process Of
investigation and thought by which
| L HdNC
In my travels oyer the State |
noticed, as "A general rule. that
l. Bright oranges abOunded in
the ratio in which soluble lime was
found in the soil. In the limestone
regions of Alachua, Marion and
Sumpter, except in a few cases to
be mentioned, there was very little
rust.
2. Where trees were growing in
shell land, the fruit were universal
ly bright.
3. In a few instances the fruit
had been changed in single year
from brown to bright by accident
ally throwing lime around the
trees. .....
These observations led me to the
experiment with lime, with the fol-
lowing results:
4. With unburned oyster shells,
no perceptible effect.
5. With bone meal, the dark CO.
lor increased.
6. With air-slacked lime--oyster
shells burned--a bright color, and
when sufficient a quantity was APP
piled, complete cure.
noticed another class of facts;
that the dark color increased in the
ratio of nitrogen in the soil.
Z. Trees standing near dwellings,
stables, cow-pens, etc, had more
frequently dark oranges, and Oc-
casionally even in limestone sec
tiOns. ...-.-..
8. Cow-pcnning frequently pro-
duced dark oranges III II single sea-
son
8. Manures aboundng in nitro
gen in any form invariably produc-
ed dark fruit in IA single season, I'M,
less there was considerable lime
either added to be found in the
soil.
10. In one instance the color was
changed in Il single season from a
bright to II dark color by the APP
plication of several barrels Of Ii
quid DRAWINGS from cowpens.
II. Dark oranges more frequent
ly followed rainy seasons than dry.
II. Trees that stand in the open
field, and are neither cultivated nor
fertilized, are almost invariably
bright.
13. Trees that are mulched sell
dom have dark oranges.
When trees produce both dark
and bright oranges, as IL general
rule, those are darkest that have
had most sunlight: /, the color
darkest at the point and on the
side of the orange, where the di
rect rays of the sun and the rays
reflected by the sand uUite
9, darkest where the rays re-
llected by the sand strike; 3, where
the direct rays fall; 4, and lastly,
brighter where the fruit is entirely
protected from the sun by the TO-
liage.
IA. Trees with dark oranges
usually have dark-green foliage in
dicating an abundance of ammonia,
one of the forms of nitrogen.
10. Where yellow leaves are
found on trees indicating q def
cheney of nitrogen.
Is. The microscope reveals two
classes of oil cells-the ONE class
very minute, apparently for the
manufacture of the essential oil,
the other class of Oil-cells for the
deposit of the oil. MOTE The
dried peel is better for microscopic
than the fresh.
II. The yellow peel abounds in
essential oil; the dark is deficient.
Is. Analysis of essential oil
shows ten parts OF carbon and six
teen of hydrogen.
10. When the fruit is entirely
ripe. and the entire peel is colored
brown, the fruit is shrunken and
soft; when only part OF the peel
is dark, the orange is shrunken
mostly on the side which is brown.
20. The microscope, two hundred
diameters, double tube, reveals no
fungoid, but thin lamina, or dark,
oily coating upon the epidermis.
81. Several trees had been mulch
cd /; the mulching was removed du-
, ring the summer and the ground
under one of the trees cultivated.
The frnit from the cultivated tree
was rusty the other truit was
bright. sr.I 4Iaas8 Z
Now, that system Of theories
which will be consistent with itself,