The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-04-22
Full Text of Prince Gortschakoff's
Circular to the Powers.
LORD SALISBURY C0NTRADICTED.
What Rights the. Conqucrors Of Turkey Arc
Disposed 10 Insist Upon Having.

u
strong siav State under tho control OF Russia. Bui-
garia existed, though In state OF opprcssiop Europe
remedy. I'll. uonstantinopo Conference ,uac.t ei
tho measures deemed necessary to attain this
end. In suggesting these measures the Plenipoten-
tiarics assembled the Coustaniinopie Conference
certainly did not think OF rendering them In
cficacous. II should be admitted that they cou-
tcInpIaed the endowment OF Bulgaria with national
existence and real administrative autonomy. In
sucn case the Bulgarian State, though d,vdod IN
provinces wo aid have boon constituted IN germ and
this germ, developing Itself under the e.s Eirope
would have achieved the result which The treaty OF
san stetano is designed to bring to maturity. The
IL WAS followed, did not permit, the al OF the
the Marquis Of sasb bury hmseli OF return puro and
simple 10 the programme OF the Conference oil Con-
santinope. The treaty OF San stcano only makes 1t
obligatory on the Porte 10 consent 10 programme of
reforms moro complete, moro prfcis ana prac-
tcal but oven tho tact that the treaty OF Sefano
Is preliminary ono indicates that the mind OF tho
without prejudging dennivcy tho application which
requires tecnnical studies, exact appreciation OF
numerous interests II IS because OF tins that many
arcics are expressed IN vague terms, as to leave
room Tor ucrior understandings TO tho mod i1cl-
tons doomed Indispensable.
REPEATING the ACT or $780,
Secoad-The Treaty Of San Steiano has not placed
tho new state under tho control ofsRussia. The
Russian Cabinet has done what II did for Moluo.
wailachla ~ 1880. Experience shows that tho work
accomplished then III tho frincipacs useful
and contributed TO tho prosperity OF those provinces
II cannol be sad that tho European equilibrium has
In any way suffered from the measure, that Russin
has gained any preponderang influence through II. II
may be added that II Moldo Wailacha, which owes its
existence 10 Russia that borders it, has succceded
In rendering Itself perfectly independent OF her, wo
may fortiort rcck on upon tho result Tor Bul.
gar'a the territory OF which. in certain anticipated
contngency-thc cessi0n OF tho D0brudscha to Rou.
mania-would be separated from Russia
TWO YEARS BRIEF ENOUGH
Ihird-rne IN rxinum term OF two years was d x ed
for tho provisional occupation OF Bulgaria. because
that lapse OF time was judged necessary order TO
CHRISTIAN ana Mussulman population Ions ssa,ns.
reciprocal reprsais rcorganze tho country, In
,ro s,e,, National institutions and native
had been indefinite II might have been looked nyon
preliminary 10 taking possession OF the province,
winch IN no way en.erco into tho Vows Of the In
psria Cabinet 1t need not be said that, the term
being approx, matlve tho Imperial Cabinet Is quite
ready to abrdge ~ as much as possible without
Juring tho success OF the difficult WORK that had
10 be accomplished IN The Interests OF tho general
peace
F0urth--Tho Determination Of tho State OF Bulgaria
was indicated only IN general terms. The solo liked
principle down that OF tho msjority the pop
ulatoD aud certainly Il Is difculs to imagine one
more equitable or more rational. |, tho oojec
minority, the Interests Of wbich have, moreover
been guaranteed ny express stipulatons but tho APP
pication Of that principle has been for the
Mixed Commission. inc local In vcstigaions OF which
alone dispel all the uncertainty surrounding
those disputed questions. IL has been objected 10
Bulgaria ports on tho Black sea, but the
cons.antinople Conference itself Judged thu.
without outlets upon the that country could
not prosper. AS 10 tho ports on tho logan, the
commercial development Of Bulgaria alone Ia
WOW, and certainty kussa would not profit by that
Development but England and the Powers whose Ned
tcrrancan commerce 10 much more active than lhat Of
Russia, and winch Will always powerful agent Tor
tho maintenance Of their influence.
NOT UNDER RUSSIAN DIcTATIoH
p. ryM-rno p.enn,naey ,.esy "a no way places
Russia II Is formally stipulated that The ruler shall
be ecoed BY native administrative councils with tho
confirmation OF the forto and tho csscnt OF Europe
and that tho members OF tho regning dy asties
BIO excluded II Is not easy TO what bcttcr
guarantees could be given for tho freedom oil tho
election As TO tho organization OF tho primer palty
II IS conndcd 10 an assembly Of native n0Iabics Tho
i. Co%mssary nas merely 70 exercise
Ottoman Commissary. Moreover, understand
ing between tho great Powers and tho Porte
IS expressly reserved ofdcr TO assign TO .ho
Russian Comm special delegates pending tho
provisional measures takon ny the authorities. tho
Russians have intention, II affirmed, oil m ,king
Bulgaria enter tho Russian political system. Scarcely
anything has been changed IN the Insulation hch
tho country Is accustomed. Attention has merely
been gwen 10 tho execution Of inc law. whom was
doectivc. some new arrangements navo been intro
ducod-ihe abolition Of exemption BY purchase from
military service the abolition OF tue tithss, and their
replacement by moro normal impost; tho abolition
OF the farming Of the taxes, tbs principal Of
abuses, and nnaily tho right assigned TO tho Chris
tans localities challenge during tho cleo
tons such Mussulmans ss are known TO nave been
Cnristiana In addition, tho stale OF siege 10
which the country was piaccd during the
war rendering Indispensable tho nominal
ton OF Russian Govcrnors, Bulgarian Vice
Governors woro everywhere assigned 10 thcn, In
order that after the pence and as tranquility became
rccstablshed in the country, the latter might be sub
STUFFED Tor the Russian Governors without interrupt
ing the ular course Of the admit OF tue
nary measures was 10 protect the national develop.
mont and render possible the meeting OF tho first
Buigsraa Assembly summoned TO settle tho insiilu-
tons OF the Principally.
EPIKus AND ruyssALY
SirM-fhe assertion that the Treaty Of San Stsfano
wouia extend Russian influence bcyon the limits
OF Buigaria by stipuiaiDg for improved institui
In Eplrus and Tnesssy OCCASIONS SURPRISE II Rus
had made supulaiions In favor OF these
provinces she would boon accused OF sacrificing
The Grccgs 10 the savs, II sho had stipulated for
tho vassal autonomy that censurod N The case Of
destroying tho Ottoman Empire and Of esablishing
Russian influence there Tho Imperial Cabinet has
always understood tho mission assigned 10 n BY hts.
tory as protector Of tho Cnristianb IN tho East
without regard TO sect. II II has made more
complete more precise s,ipulatons IN favor Of
Bulgaria Is because tnst country was the principal
cause and tho OF the war. and because Russia
mud acquired positive rights Ms n begcrcn.: but ~
conhung herself 10 stipuate improved institutions for
the Greek provinces she reserved TO tho Great Powers
the faculty Of claiming more ex,cnded anciiorations
IL ~ equally incorrect 10 say that the Treaty OF San
Stcfsno has stipulated that those institutions were
traced IN Russian direction The general typo TO
which thcy have been ASSN lated by the treaty that
Of tho Crs,an settlement which was agreed by tho
Porto updor tho influence OF tho great Powers rho
monts should be carried out by special
In which the native element would BIO largely repre-
sentcd IL is true u compcls the Porte to consult
Russia before executing the spulationr but not
prohibit from also consulting tho representatives
OF friendly Powers.
THE RUSSIAN CHURCH.
Screntt-Thc subsequent clause respecting the pro.
toction Of tho members OF the Russian Church must
have been quite msundcrstood TO DO assimilatcd to
that OF the Treaty OF Kainardji, abolished In 1856
The clause OF Kanard concerned the Greek orthodox
religion. and might embrace all the Christian subjects
OF tho sultan. Tho clause Of the Treaty oil san
stcfano mentions exclusively monks, priests and PHI
grims, either Russian oil Russian origin aud stipu-
iatcs In their favor only tho same rights advantages
aud privileges which belong 10 eccicsisstics Of other
naioDalitics After this u Is impossible 10 consicr
tho assertion just that tho stipuatoas as whole Of
San S;ciano OF nature 10 increase tho power OF
the Russian Empire IN countries who're the Greek pop
ulation predominatcs TO tho prejudice oi that nation
ana Of nil tho countries having interests IN the East
and tho Mediterranean
rHE nKssARABfAS nxrRocHssfoS.
EighM--fbo assertion 10 ~ loast exaggerated that
the san stcano stpuations respecting hs retroces.
sion Of Bessarabs, tho extension OF Bulgaria TO the
Black Sea. and ihe acquisition Of the port oil Batou,
would render the viii OF Russia predof over no
whoio OF tue districts Of tho Hack sea Russia power.
fully contributed IN the past TO Greece and
Roumania us not easy to see IN What msnrcr her
power has moro pronted thereby thsn that OF other
states The 70 recession OF Bessarabia by Roumania