davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

by the clerk Tosc in his rlaes. ami voted WV. voce
follows
For Justin s. MORRILL, Messrs. Adlms, Aldrich
Alexander. Allen. At SO0d, Baunister Barber, Bar
rows. benjamin. Benson, Bingham, Bresee BrOoklns,
brown OF Benson, Brown o. Whiting, Buck.
i;uckhn, Buswell Camp Of ElmOre, Camp
namon, Clark Of orwell, Clark OF Tinmouth Col
Inns Of Barton, Collins Of Monkton, CongdOn, Cook,
Curtis Darling, D1Tit, Davis of Stockbrdge. Davis
OF Walden, Derby, Dexter, Dougan, Dwinell Edison.
Edwards Of Athens. Edwards OF Richmond, Ely
Goddard, Emerson, Farnham, Fitch. Fletcher
Frost Fuller Of Fairhay en- Fuller Of StarksborO, Gar
held, Garland, Gilmore, Gloyd, Gorh1m, Goss Gross,
Ha mes, Hammond. Hartman, Harrington Of Hall
fax. Harrington % Shlftsbury, llartShOrn, Hay
ward, Hlzen. Higgins, llnman of Charleston, Hin
man Of Derby, Hinsdill, lIolbrook, Holt, Holton,
Iloughton Of Pittsiield, Howe OF CIstleton,
Hubbard, Huntington, Huse, Hyde. Jak
way, jameson, Jefferson, johnson, Jones, Kid
der, knight, Lewis OF Norwich, Locke, lockwood,
Mack, Marsh, Martin Of Ferrsburgh, Mar in Of
Williamstown, McCole, Meader, Merrilied, Miles
OF CraftsbuTy, Mills, Moody, Morgan, Nash Of New
Haven, Nash OF Shelburne, Norton. circuit, orion
Packer. Paddock. Palmer, Paul, Perkins, Perry,
Phelps Pollard, Porter, Potter OF Pawct Potter Of
sheldon, Powers Of East Haven Powers Of Ripton,
Read, Robertson, Rockwell. Root, Ross, RoTell,
Sargent. Scranton, sherman, Sherwin, Shores,
Sshy, Sims, Spaulding, speaker, sprlgue. Stearns,
dard Slurtevant, Swift, Talentt. Taylor, Temple
ton Of East Montpelier, Templeton OF Glover :.
Thomas. Thorp Townshend of Burke. Townshend
man. Watts. Way, Whipplc. Whitehill, Whitney OF
Chelsea. whitney of Marlboro. Wiley. Williams of
Bridport Williams Of WaltLam, Wood WOOdburn.
For Asa NJ. D.ckey-hie:srs Beals, Beardsley,
Beede Black, Bliss Of Bradford. bliss Of WOrces-
ter. Bowman, Boyce, Briggs, Brown OF Richiord
Ballard, Currler. Davis OF Peru. Derrick, DOdds,
Eaton. EstabrOok Gilkey, Gleason Goodell, Greene.
billiard, IIoughtOn of Res'lsbOro, Ilowes lngalls,
JENNIE Kennedy, Lewis o: Wells, MeGowan, Miles
OF Middlesex Nonahan, Moren, Morris:ey. Reding
ton, Sheridan, Ssco. Smaley, Smith OF Bridge
water, smith Of Newark, Spear, Tabor, Templo,
Town, Turner, waite. White ot Bolton, White OF
calais, White Of South Hero, Wilson. Winthrop.
For II. II. Pnwers-Chasc, Damon, Judevine,
kingsley, Lincoln, Mott Parker. Rogers. Weed.
For F.. J. Phelps-Cramton, Jackson, Meacham,
| Peck.
For e. Martin-Fuller OF Eden, Melendy.
For Frederick Billings-Howe Of Ludlow.
Absent or not voting - Ball, EDDY, Holden,
| Poland, Thornton.
Summary - morrill, lGl. Diokey ~, Powers 9
Phelps 4. Martin .. Billings /, absent not vOt-
| ing =.
WhereupOn the Speaker declared that Justin s.
Morrill, had reccivsd majority OF the whole num-
Der Of votes thus east and was elected on the part
/ of the House, Senaiur in tho Congress OF the
| United States from the STATE of Vermont tor the
full term Of six years from aud includ NJ the 18th
day ., March, a d, 1879.
ON motion OF Sir Hove q Ca~tleton. the House
adilnrn.d
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
FINANCIAL. FAILURES.

New Nosk, Oct. 1.-THE number OF
failures in the United States for the quar-
ter ending September Both. was ''s3S' win i
liabilities of TT million, against l'olo isll-
ures with liabilities OF ~ millions IN the
same quarter in 1877. The failures during
the first nine months oil ISIS numbered
S.67s. with lisbilitie, OF ~ millions,
against t SITS failures with liabilities OF lil
millions in the same PERIOD IN ~. The
great. increase of failures during the past
quarter is attributed TO the termination Of
the bankrupt law.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

The subject Of tramp legislation is occupy
ing a considerable share Of the attention Of
our legislators at Montpelier snd tramp
law of some sort will doubtless be passed.
Something of the sort seems to be clearly
needed, in order to afford the community
the power to protect itself against what Is
already in many places a very serious nuis
auce, and may become an intolerable evil.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

ONO election shows that the Grcenback
craze has run Itself about out, where it first
became epidemic. The Republicans stood
squarcly to their eolors, and, in spite Of the
combined forces of imitation, reputation,
dissatisfaction, Democracy and frand, they
have Niptd out the Democratic majority OF
over 20 eco in Ohio, lat year, and restored
the Republican majority in the State. and
increased it even over what it was in the
presidential year. The fight and its result
are full of encouragement and instruction for
honest Money Republicans everywhere.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
ArERKIBI.E CALAMITY.
A Panic In "a Theatre.


LIVERPOOL, Oct. Il--During perform
snce tonight in the Colosseum theatre, now
used as music hall, fight occurred under
the gallery, The audience hearing but be-
ing unable 10 sec the disturbance became
alarmed and cry of fire was raised when
terrible panic ensued, tho people rushing
for the doors and sliding down the pillars
of the gallery on the heads of the occupants
o. the pit. The rush of the frightened people
impeded exit, and thirty-fve men and lads
and two women were sufoested Many
persons we're severely injured.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

THE ST. Adams Messenger recites various
reasons why some people wish to rotate State
Auditor Ladd out bis ollicc. Mr. Ladd's
greatest -in in the eye Of the Messenger is
not mentioned by that paper. lie was not a
Barlow man, nor a Greenbscker, nor bo.ter
from unanimous, regular Republican
nomination. Had he been so, no objection
t, him, We fIncy, would ever have seen the
lish. in the columns Of the Messenger. No
body questions Auditor I.add's honesty and
fidelity. and perhaps support OF regular
nominations will not be deemed crime,
outside Of the Third District.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
LEGIsL AZURE OF VERMONT.
Sc A 7 L

MONTPELIER, Oct. II, 1873.
The Senate convened at > O'Clock, the
President in the chair. Devotional exer-
cises conducted by Rev Ii Barber of
Montpelier. Journal of Slturd ay read and
approved.
Bills introduced and reierrCd-By Sem
atur Belden, an act to establish the salaries
OF members of the Senate and House Of Rep
rcscntatives, fixing the salary OF members
at sl25 Ter the session, with mileage, be-
ginning 8l!h the present session. 10 Judi-
ciary Committee
II .. an act providing for tho revision of
the lass of tins State; to Judiciary Com
mit;ec.
On motion, the Senate adjourned
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
THE HAIIsroN MURDER TRIAL.
The JURY pIssGREK-ELzyEN To ONE SOB Ac-
QUITTAL.

QUITTAL.
SALLsToS, N. Y, Oct. l4.-ln the trst
ballot in the Billings case, Friday after
noon. the Jury stood for scquittal, tor
conviction, and one doubtful. This changed
to 9 to 3 for acquittal on tho second ballot,
and before retiring the number for conviction
was reduced to ,, and remained I'M
changed until Saturday evening, when but
one jurOr-W. ii. Blood-exprcssed him
self for conviction. and withstood the earn
est arguments Of his II associates for over
iorty hours, until the jury were dlscha-g-
ed. Blood was chosen foreman when the
iury first retired, but was afterwards
requested to resign In favor Of one OF the
majority After he left the court house he
was congratulated on all sides. public senti-
ment being strongly in favor Of his view OF
the case. lie visited the prisoner in his
cell this evening. Billings tried to oonvincs
him that he was mistaken. Billings is
cheerful tonight and cordially greeted the
Jurors and other persons and explained i'm
portant points in his case. His counsel
will move for release of the prisoner on
bail, before Justice Potter next week. and
it is thought the motion will be granted.
The district attorney is in doubt whether to
press another trial. An effort will DO made
to indict certain witnesses OF the defence
next week on alleged perjury.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
TuE uAYDEN MURDER CASE

Nkw HAVEN, Ct Oct l5.-ln the case
of Rev. MIR. Hayden. charged with the muir
der of Mary Stannard, in Madison, the
grand jury, after two days elaboration,
to-day found true bill of murder in tho
first degree.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

GENERAL KINGSLEY has made one Of the
best of Quartermaster Generals. lie is hon
est, capable and faithful. The Legislature
would make mistake ii it were to dispense
with his experienced Al d valuable services
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
MORNING.. OCTOBER Il. 1878.

&C, - incorporate the Howe Scale Can
?aUy. and To prov that the Brandon
Manufacturing Company BE- merged 10 the
same TO judiciary t0nbittee
On motion, the Senate I'D burned.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

The Woodstock Mdnind says "A gold
mining company at Bridgowator, under the
supervision OF Mr. Hall. OF Rutland, have
commenced sinking shaft in the quart
hill gold region. where they have taken ont
some Of tho richest ore, We are informed.
that has ever been found IN the mines here.
They work two sets OF miners one in the
day, the other in the night.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

Gov. PROCTOR has promptly, upon the
official announcement Of the result Of the
Congressional election in this District, Issued
his proclamation for second election on
the J;h Of November next.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18
senator MorrilI's Reelection
COMMENTS OF THE PRES

| From the Albany Evening Journal.
| Hon. Justin 5. Morrill, has served the
State and the country faithfully and well
and his return for another term Is only a
recognition of the general voice OF his con-
| Stitucnts
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

Senator Morrill,, is undoubtedly the choice
of the majority OF the Republicans OF YER
mont, tribute which he has fairly earned
by his able, Industrious, highminied and
useful service for many years in the United
States Senate. as well as in the House
previously. Vermont has always been
peculiarly fortunate in her Senators.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

hon. JOHN FlERPoINr, Presiding judge.
Hos. ! B. HALBRET, ,,.,.,., t,,,.,
IlOs. 4. ID. CHAPMAN,
e. $. PsLMEG, States Attorney.
A. J. HOWARD, Clerk.
L. A. DREW, Sheriff.
LAY READ IFMBER, Stenographer.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

FIRST COSGREssIySsL DISTRICT.
Whole number OF 5Ii
Necessary TOR a choice. 9zSj
Charles II JOY 60 INSTRUMENTATION
Il klndall had...-.--.-....--. $50
SCATTERING. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES l.
Majority for Charles IL Jvyce..-...--..-...... Csc
And agree1bly to constitutional provisions we
hereby declare Charles Ii JOY CO. who receives ma
jOrty Of all the votes cast, to be Representative in
the Congress OF the United States from the First
Congressional District Of Vermont Tor the two
years from and Including the fourth day Of March,
ID l~r9.
SECOND COSGRT ssIoNAL DISTRICT.
Whole number OF votes. lilo
Necessary Tor \ choice. s.5j9
James VI Tyler had.--..--........l2.2-I
Asa Dickey had.-............-. i,S9d
Scattering. ................ 10
Majority for JameJ N ~ Ter ,3iG
And the reupon James NJ Tyler was declared duly
elected Representative in Congress from the Second
Congressional District Of Vermont, for two years
4 Itaf Of 4 N
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-10-18

Nearly the entire day, yesterday, was occupied
with the stmony in the case of state ". slough
ton ct ais. II. :. Peck opened on tho part oi the
prosecution The case will he Civ on To the iurJ To-
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
LlAosrA, nlLLsBoRo co, FLORIDA.

That is the name Of our Post Office, new
one. We arr ten miles east Of TampaA and
SIX from the salt water ofthe Bay. Our soil
is sandy, stained with red irun, and naturally
produees tall. straigh, pines, much resem-
bling those III The mountains 0f New Mexico.
wlth an underground II willow, live ioaks,
persimnIons, and some red oaks. The land
i roiliag, DC rather long, slopiRg piains. No
stones This Is thMland and soil on which
tue orange, lemon, staddock, grapefruit,
lime and citron grow, and ior which this
region Will l,ecome famous aS the isiausls Of
the Mediterranean. These trees which arr
produced from seeds, bear fruit in from SIX
10 tctl years; some few have been known q,
I.carin i've years. The Orange, sliaddock,
anil grape fruit grow as large as apple trees,
with more compact heads, and more upright,
30 that 50 trves .may he planted on the acre
without any particular disadvantage The
orange tree oi ten years viii rrodace TOO
fruits. faesease to 4.A00 at twenty years.
The sliadtiock grows to an average weight
of FIVE pounds each, and will numter one.
hstf as Iusny rs tie Grunge. This tree bcaFs
the largest ttAf nf lle tribts, and Is thornlcss.
Tie pse.ent price is five cents eaei. isT the
fruit. RhicI, is composed Of large grAnulcs.
ii iias.f restmtriisg the histkl,eFFy. amt
is eaten from the hand, prepared with sugar.
and cooked IN ries. Tie grapefruit lseaFs
nearly as many fruits as the "raugs and ave
rage two l4,upels each. II is ytiy jua :, sour
ana, unless carefully eaten, is bitter. ="
fruit is more healthful 1t 's only eaten
from the hand, and prepared with suear,
as l,rrries are eaten. One l'ee0mes very fond
of this fruit The ire is isrgrr than the
orange. and armed with large thoFns. The
name Is given ii frtfn HE fat Of The fruit
growing in CLUSTERS, ftCu . 10 i2 tonching.
No more pleasing sight can Ee sern than
: grsre.iIait ree in, iosaed With ira'I
fuIy ripe.
afnr ono has seen the sweet hraugeof ,er
or twenty Yzrs, which has been sell senlea
| and cultivated, its rounded top, q peFfeci
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
chief-Justlee chase ana Religion.
aIay 20 ls7s.

Washington Cor Cleveland HerAad.I
Judge Miller, to-day iodine An interesting
fact in relation TO the late Chiet-Justce
Chasea In conversation with him at
Edgewood, only ten days before his deaih,
the Chief<Iustlce expressed himself as .
firm believer in the inspiration Of the Bible
and the plan Of salvation, as ianght by the
Savior ne said thai eariey 10 his manhood
he had brought to the exmfnation Of the
Scriptures al! the powers of his mind and
earrfuI.y read ali the leading arguments for
and sgainstthe truth OF those Scriptures;
that he had deliberately made up his mind
that the Bible vas the word Of God divine
revelation to man, and he had never, thugugh
long life, wavrred in his belief. He
treated the subject ~ he would : question
Of law, and having carefully and fully ex-
amined the subject aud settled IT in his own
mind, that part of the Law became TO him IS
an axiom mot to he disputed or departed
from. was interested ia hearing Judge
Miller detail st length this conversation; -
n confirmed IN q e fullest manner shat the
Chief Justice bad aftcu said and written TO
Eie. be.ieve the Chief Justice died with
aut : feeling Of ennity toward apy man, and
in the eonfdent hope Of the Christians fn-
turc. -
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

A few days agu, Judge Joseph went to
Fl Rancho and Was surprised to zee some
fnrty n nifty persons digging ID The ground;
his tirst impFesAioh was that they bad found
gold lead. but % his sppgoachisg 10
ascertain what they we're looking fr, he
found that they were digging for hOney-
conbs, which had been deposited there by
Texas honey ants. Some parti.s hai %
much IS pint Of honey; the combs were
large and they were obliged to dig down
from two and haifso five feet % prOcurs
them. This ant Is ! yellow color, and about
the same aze as the common wCOd anti
T4e T;aas Tallsy RirSr.
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

W.R. Morley, who hsd ouIy been with rs
isso days, had to leave somewhat suddenly
on Saturday morning, being summoned by
telegram 70 start at once ior the grand can
,on of the Arkansas.
>The court has given its decision on the
mootetl points, dismissing the injunction
against slla, 4. 7. lk s. F. whn were again
made hsppy.> The grazing q their line
through the canon. vii. now be pushed with
yigoe.-T,Ae Nsasa asiEa Press
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

The new Mothaiist Chr-eh is progressing
rapidly and already presents quite an at
tractiye appearance. The mason work Is
under charge Of ], l.. Wheeler, who has
pushed II forward energeticaIly. The car
peuters and contractors Black And C,sgrove
are determined to make this buiI.iipg speak
itr Itself oF the character &c their work, aud
we venture that in general styte and detail
iis and tAletaii of finish the church viii 10
Far ahead ot anything In the Territory -
Gran, Ceuaty Herald.
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
For The ISOEPExDESr.l
FRIENDSHIP.

Friendship is pretty toy
That breaks with dlght abuse,
A baable p easing to the heart
II called not into use.
A pretty bubble which reflects
The srnshiHe's vaned hue.
But. tempest tossed. il bursts and fails
And diszrpgaE from view.
True friendship is bat seldom found.
But of se,hSli deceit
And gold bought anifce impose,
Too fair counterfeit.
friend tlioa'st tried and proven true
May welI ie prized ef thee;
gut trust moi every one who teigns
A friends integrity.
The cepired monarch on lis throne.
With power aud riches crowned,
Has friends. hss disdem removed.
That would not foek agouitd.
Ard Oft a wretch in Poverty.
Ry fortune raisd 10 Iower.
Eargels comlani is thai have shared
ln gIief lis darkest hour.
Thou. who hast friends In fortunes train.
Trls<t not each fond earess
Ee sure sincerity doth pr. Inpt
That fees not In distress!
And tl'ou who now hast TRUST friends.
Iu |syeHy'S 6ark bour,
FORGET theta not kIssald fonunes smile
Exail thee into poweT
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

! 0rse oa band = Large si6rk sH NATIVE
HlNEssnd 5RASDY IL ms own m4'Aifaetire,
kh.ct O.gcr lar ssle IL quantities 10 suit paf'
hssers NJ 4RAPE BRANDY y The hest liquor
Ehssnar native " sEypVfled u the TerF9orT,
gHo1lAsJ J. BULL.
NaslNA. n. ~
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

people more prosperous than elsewhere ID
the Union,And more hesithfu but this paper
is already too long for the INDEPENDENT.
10. KxAPr.
May 90 1873.
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

E0aN ~ GlNN,
Maaays= AZ Law, Silver CITY. Grant County. Nev
xexle Il prarsfce IA IN the Courts ot I.nw sl,t
Han 4 sew asaies. Prompt attention given (,
IN hs4insss
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

Jefferson Davis has rcCently, through .
decision Of the Court Of Appeals oi Mississi-
ppi, come into the possession Of avaluAbls
property.
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
MAeoNs RANCH.

The proprietor -iHfesFass the pahlle ganstally
thai be i prepared h. receive aai accou-
sSiA,s travellers. aud u suop,s passing trains or
herds as Aaltnals,with waseF.
Thisi ts s,iis cater, u, plAre betweea the Rio
Orande ana Fayt CummRgs. I slwayA have an
abundance oi water On hand, which viii fasfstsh
al reasonable -aies.
Nv table will be kept supplied with The best the
market affords.
IhayU pseasaut and comfortable rooms fnF-
uehrd viii cream beds for the nse Of travellers
Also eosnfertaole ard secure siahliug for animals
always keep good supply u hay and grsin on
hznd-
I Travellers will Rad Bsy plase everything re-
tSnstts IS snnp,v their waffs and adj to their com.
RSrt. Iay charges VIII nos be found unreasonable.
n S.,A&Asor.
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
Special Neli,,s.
TRAvELLERs. ATr1NroNl

r g MasoW having purrhasrd the plscr hereto
fore knows o. Si0cama Rafarhh. situated s5 ralicS
west of McsIlls on The road 70 Silver City ad the
west. The same via hereafter be known As
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15

WV. BLACK. # b.
ass "a Naia Plaza, Nesina, New Mexico,
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
VT L EMERSON.

Q B. NEwcoNR.
Attorney and Counselor nj EAws Las Cruces.
x. VI Once on Main Street
The Mesilla Valley independent. [volume] (Mesilla, N.M.) 1877-1879, 1878-06-15
fl,Df.ssi'u.l Cards.

nR GEo. h. OLIVER.
oase End residence Aesula. New Mexico.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1878-08-15

work is increased fully twenty five
per cent, and the cost of stock has
advanced. yet. us Mr.. Hyde pointed
| out, the price OF shoes has been very
greatly reduced, SO much SO that
American shoes are finding sale the.
world over. The royalties on all the
machines used in the best equipped
factories. Mr.. Storrow was told by
large Manufacturer are less than
would be the rent ON the additional
room which would be required to do
the work by hand
The manufacture of saws in this
country has had to ..pay tribute to
something like two thousand patents.
AT present nearly every process in
this line Of manufact. ring is covered
10y Il patent. Operatives are paid one
third more than fifteen years ago,
while their productive capacity has
been increased,by patented processes,
hve-tOlu. As Il consequence saws
have been cheapened as not only to
almost entirely supersede those of
foreign make 1T home, but to make
possible a large export business to
England, France, and all over the
civilized world.
One Of the most profitable patents
OF late years was that on the Besse-
mer process Of steel making. a process
which reduced the cost Of Il ton of
steel from 800 to SIS. The highest
royalty charged by Mr.. Bessemer was
SIS ton. or little over three per
cent OF the saving due to the process.
The royalties Oh the machines which
revulutloniZed the mandatory of hO-
siery and other knitted goods IN Eng
land, DID not exceed three per cent of
the savings they effected. The ag-
gregate royalties on the numerous
machines used in shoe making are
still iess-3 Ia cents per pair up in fine
Sewed work, and about 2 cents per
pair on pegyed work.
We have seen what enormous gains
and savings have come to the country
through few agricultural inventions.
The successful machines have paid
their inventors handsomely but their
gains have been us no hing compared
with those that have accrued to the
users of the machines. And the same
may be said Of all successful patents.
The public is the chief beneficiary.
1t is not possible for a patent to raise
the price of anything. Its sole advan-
tage to the holder consists either in
enabling him to offer an entirely new
and useful product to the world. as
the Goodyear rubber patent. or in
enabling him to furnish Il better
article at Il given price or Il standard
article at Il lower price than his COM
petitors can with rolt. In either
cases the public gains more or less
during the lifeof the patent, and
ultimately the entire profits of the
improvement which the patent
covers. The possibility of the
alleged tribute taking hinges entirely
on the assumptionsthat the progress
OF invention would he the same in the
Absence of patents-an assumption
which not only has evidences to sup
port it. but which all experience
refutes.