The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-01-04

crop had bsen considered backward before the
eaupostisl. They showed 10 q 10 per cent. being
the best hsve met With no ii In hardly pfefss
able that, as Mr.. Lambsft's sane WAS Al 100 per
cent better than auin's standard, they had
lost apf thing worth mentioning,
We sll know this year what diffsult slsri Aes~
In astual prseiiee, II The eclofng maaer does
not separate freely and afford clear ard bright
liquid for observation, we msy hnow that dstetfo~
ration has bsgan. In The SAMPLES OF Messfs.
Ksnnsay and Lambert no Haid sonid be-
brighter nor mere sparkling. Thus Tar bethinE
has resshsd me which oostfadfsts the tests just
detailed. On ths other hand, sevsrsl planters
havs communicated similar experiences. Ona
The 7th of Mtvsmbsf, 1876, after frseHe 6f HM
deg, aud siaeevsrea no loss to the last.
II these asts thsh will hsar ths test OF more
extended tbsetvatita. In u aet of Importance To-
| know even tine Temperature ttspr the freen~
| ing point st which tha eseps aen s4raty be-
ssvsd7 II nsy bs s4ia that the Faas ~easJ Bes
avail much in yesr ltae the past, nhau VI Asst
was succeeded nest day by 2s deg, 7st Ii 1aes
| be temsmberea thai t-snsy dsys bsfaFs, Fis pks
| November 10, . temperature bs no asg., s5litR
| the bud. was experiences ffom shout HsnsldsUua
vile north Gould not then, by .rihate~ingr
aftar this early freeze, the eteps ef ths parishes
! north 6f D5nalasenville, Witch have suffered
more than any other part Of the State, hsvs BEEN
| savsd7
wndrowing at low tstHpersturss In 1876 the
lowest point marked Was abgub IL dsgs I'm
| 1877 il was about IA deg.
| or the effast OF tsmpsratsYss bstwssn 10 10 I'D
deg. snd The freezing point there hss been
no opportunity for obssi vasioa since the pglari~
scope has been introduced into the ststs. These
observations are lsft for tbs future. All who
hsve windrowed after the low temperatures of
| 1876 and 1877 have Witnessed She steady decline
in yield and auslity. The expense Of wtndrowinG
| this year WAS bstwesn two and half and three
| dollars per acre for heavy cane, " Afforded the
oppor unity for those who had large crops 70 ssve
a axt.
ceased in about ten days, having been prolonged
| TO thirty days by those who boiled In va9uuus
| On The third point -windrewing sk aEsd
time. or when the cane has reached sa average
| ripsnsss have had no experience, And only
adops The subdivisions carried out in tbis paper
| for The purpose ef inviting information, under
distinct heads, from the more experienced MEM
bsrs Of the association. There nssd to be planters
| who. having large crops, put down yssriy pgf~s
ton Of them In November before they wsrs
killed, and most Of them are said 70 have dgns 10
| with advantage, while only or,s whom hsys
met states shst while The cane was apparently
sweet snd in good order, laotio fermentation wss
an iusupersbis barrier 70 grannlstion, and
he GOULD make nothing out Of ths
cane. The first canes ground this sss~
son polarizsd sYs per cent when the frseas
osms, canes not in new ground poiarzsd aboHt
Id per cent and were nearly ripe. At 81 u Ms
hardly possible 10 do anything in open kstslsss
and vsennm pans produced very moderate re-
suit. The last canes boiled in gpsn Kettles
psns continued making sugsr 10 sbout per csflss
We are much In need of informstion As tu
whether or not osHss vindrowsd bsfore they sfe
killed will keep well and make suEsr. sno II 90
how ripe they mnst be and about what date thsy
uust be out? What per cent Of sugsr must they
show by the tssn Oar ssfsty, II rasy bs. lies In
this direction. In conclusion, II nsy
be well TO oatl attention 10 Tho
numerous and very often misleading. This u
especially ths case in the sugar bnsinssss IL has
! been sisted thst Mr.. Ksnnedy's standing osns
WAS good on the twenty.seveuth Day after tbs
freezs. only one isins gus of fifteen being sour.
Learning on the 3Oth Of Dsesnbsr thst the
standing cane ON the Peyturin plantation. Nd
joining Donsldsonviile, wss sound snd making
sugar In open pan. the thrtieth dsy after shers
mornstsr Of al deg, sample canes we're sent for.
They were picked mp ON the Btst, as they we're
being dropped by the cart at the carrier. Hons
OF the joints were sgur; al were more or less
sweet. sample OF juiee taken from the box
polarizsd per cent. All other open trAiDs
in the neighborhood hsd ceased grsnujAt~
ing a week or ten days before. The Juice
clarified ~ brightly ss NJ shy time during tbs
ssason-~there was no fermentation present. NJ
though the canes had lost Mt least 40 per cent ss
their saochsrns properties. This statement ap~
pssrs to be almost incredible, but IL ustrates
the necessity OF the organization OF this $3.50
ciation in order that inquiry may take the Tidsss
range. ~ IL 10 bs hoped that the executive
COMMITTEES will issne oircuiar to planters, vhile
the experiences Of the late disastrous season are
fresh in their minds, asking replies TO such aues~
tops az they may deem most instructive in tho
future.
Gen. Brent then read the following paper On
The necessity oil calling in science to aid in the
cultivation Of sngar:
THE NECESSITY or SCIENCE TO JUST DKvKI1F-
MENT or THE sJeAK CULTURE.
| Favorable seasons were tending toward estab~
, fishing the belief that the cane WAS the natural
crop Of our soil and climate, but ths ferribl@
. lesson Of this year forces us 70 recognize ts
exotic character.
| The culture Oh cane In Lonsiana y the erss-
turs Of government protection, and even this
protection will prove insufficient to sustain IL
unless 1T be aided By ail the resources OF modsrn
science.
The problem submitted 10 our sugsr planters
is how 10 proftably cultivate by free labor. earn
/ ing good wages, lands yielding, ON m average Oh
years. under 1900 pounds Of sugar per acrs, when
= exposed TO competition with West India crops.
produced by slave labor lands yisIding On IN
average more than 32o0 pounds Of sugar psr
acre. To do this We need the aid of exact sei~
snce. 1t In remarkable that an interest Of the
: magnitude OF our sugar culture has never sought
= alliance and aid from scientific men, specially
1 devoting themselves TO it's developments through
!, II msy b. safely said that no agricultural pur-
y suit Ia 40 dependent as ours ON the exact axpera
y ments and deductions 0f science, and Ia, ut thu
4 same time. 20 ignorant Of them.
Though vast capital and great experience and
q energy have been and are devoted 10 the cuturs
OF cane and mannfaetnre OF sugar, yet the moosed
and dsbsable questions in rs.ati0u TO cultivation
= and manufacture are more numerous and impor-
y . tant th m those which may be regarded ~ set.
! tied by experience and common consent.
!, Experienced planters differ radically and sub
o stantially in methods Of cultivation. Some pni
down seed in the last days Of October, believing
the ripe cane keeps best, and others save seed In
the earliest days OF October, claiming that GER
:. tain immaturity Ia favorable. Some pus half 4
= foot OF dirt ON seed cane, and others from ons
:; to two inches.
When painting begins, some put the seed cana
u In deep furrovs; some In shallow ones. When
y the plant sprouts, some oh-bear and aorape close
% leaving the thinl7 covered cane to be force b
" the hot sun, while oshers thro. dirt carrier
. Some planters culavats with plows, drawn b
D four or even six mules; others with one CT two
0: rnn La rinua In Iazino by E1Dne aga 10 run The