davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27

duration of otality near the limits of total eclipse
Three of the Fathers OF ssne Order OF Georgetown
D. c., will observe the eclipse near Central City.
Another vel-equipped party will consist OF Leonard
Waldo, of the Cambridge Observatory Mass, X '" WI
son. and Mr. seaTaves of Providence, r. L. Professor
X Reese stLouis They will be stationed at Fort worth
Texas.
AT or near Denver by three members Professor g. W.
Hough W. Burnbam and Professor Colbert They VIII
probably note contacts, look for intra-mercurai
planets make drawings of the corona and observe with
the specroscope Professor Lewis Swift OF Rochester
N. Y, will accompany the party.
The eclipse will also be witnessed by party oil English
scientists consisting of DR.. Arthur Schuser, X s.,
Mr. j. Norman Lockyer Professor Thorpe, +. r. s., and
Messrs Haskns and Penrose This party viii JOIN the
expedition led by Asaph Hail. the dscoVerer
of the moons OF Mars at Fort Lyon. Colorado ana WI"
devote itself principally TO spcctroscOpic work.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
Paterson. N. ], July IS, 1873.
WARNING FROM THE HOT WAVE.

To the EdttOr or The TRIBUNE.
SIR: Since we have so recently passed
through what called the heated term Of 1873 which
has caused discomfort and suffering throughout the
land would he good time to call the attention of
the readers OF The the wisdom of being FORE
warned lest by persistence in wrongdoing they plunge
themselves into still hotter Of air from which
there will be no escape Those who believe In the
heavens and bells OF the popular theologies ought TO
especially reflect seriously and direct their thoughts
and actions TO he able 10 escape the dreadful waves
Of hot air when they think will come mp from those
regions where the fires kindled thar die down,
but continue 10 burn from age TO age There people
will not flock to the for relief; for they
Will find Only a OF fire instead OF water.
as doctors OF divinity teach aud many believe Even
among ne mountains have had as much rs we could
well endure and are grateful Tor cooler atmos-
phere.
think the voice Of THE TRIBUNE at this time uiterIug
a word Of warning, would be more effective than II IL
were uttered FROM the pulpit There it old story;
aud as It h time OF political excitement and ministers
discourse freely upon politics in the churches the high
toned papers like THE TRIBUNE viii do well IN turn 10
aid the reverend dvnes and tnen in their ardu0us
labOrs. Turn about is sand to be fair play.
A. DooMTTLB.
Il
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
TOTAL ECLIPSE OF THE SUN.
WHERE If WILL BE VISIBLE.

CAUSE OF RCLIPsEs-LINE OF TOTAL DARKNESS
PREPARATIONS MADE To wATCH rr--wHAT THE
OBSERVERS HOPE TO ACCOMPLISH.
On Monday next, July 20. there will be an
.c,,se Of tbe sun which will be visible total
eclipse in Alaska British Columbia Wyoming, Colorado,
Indian Territory and Texas and as partial eclipse IN all
other portions OF North America Solar eclpses are
caused BY the intervention Of the moon, which comes
between the earth and the sum- and cuts of the whole
or mart of the light of the latter II portion only OF
the SUMS surface is hidden. the eclipse Is partial one
III the whole Of the SUMS light intercepted the eclipse
is total Total ecpses perhaps the most grand ana
imposing of Sn celestial phenomena, They have been
viewed in every age with asOnishment and dread'the
gradual dminuton in the light Of the SUM- its sudden
total extinction the almost supernatural appearance OF
the heavens and surrounding objects during total dark
ness the visibility OF the stars in the DAYTIME anu
other phenomena which accompany alarge total ecpse'
are all calculated to OF awe and reverence
Some uneiyized nations have regarded sucn ecnpses
with indeseribabe terror indication of the anger
of their offended Deity epresage OF some lmpend
In calamity; and various instances are on record OF the
supposed extraordinary effects produced by so unusual
An event Among the HindOos singular custom is sara
TO exist when during solar eclipse the black DISK Oh
the moon Is advancing over the SUM- the DauVes
believe that the Jaws of monster are gradually eat
ing itup They then beating gongs ana rehd-
ing the air with the dseOrdant screams OF terror
and shouts OF vengeance For time their efforts pro-
duce no good resu the eclipse still goes on AT length
however the terrific uprOar has the desired effect on the
yoracous MONSTER appears TO pause and then gradu-
ally dsgorges the fiery hful When the sun Is quite
clear Of the dragons mousn, shout OF JOY proeahS
their victory over the monster.
The eclipse of Monday next is the repetition OF sim
liar eclipse which was visible both in the United States
and in SPAIN on July 49, 1860 and in Europe on July g.
1912 1t win also be the last total eclipse visible on the
North American continent during the present
century BY curious coincidence it Is found that the
,un and moon return to almost exactly the same point
the moons orbit in $685. days. hours and az min
ntes or IS years. 10 or IL days. according
to whether there have four FIVE leap years in the
interval This period known to the ancients as the
Saros and it enabled them. after having observed
series OF ecpses predict their return with eonsidera
BILE accuracy Eelpses Of the may in this way be
oretod for s65 years and those Of the for 200
years.
PATH OF THE ECLIPSE.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
sTEREoTYPNG METHODS OF THE PAST.


SIR: AS a stereotYper of many years. eXpe-
rience In New-York-dong for several years all the
stereotype work Of THE TRDUNE-I read your descrp-
ton OF the method OF newspaper stereotypng with pro
fessona interest Allow to make two notifications
OF your historical statement It the original prac-
ec to bake the plaster mould absolutely dry in oven
mould Of all moisture before pungng IL into the bath
melted typemeta This drying often warped the mould
and az q result nearly Oneenth Of the plates when
taken out Of the pan were worthless
About the year 1Si445 Redheld Savage resolved TO
try the experiment OF putting the mould into the pan
when damp and letting IL dry out all the moisture In the
pot Of boiling Notwithstanding 1t below the level OF the
surface after the moisture had evaporaed to produce
vacuum aud exclude the air from the mould. which other
wise would make imperfect plate. This proved a
success for In spite OF professional theory, we had BET
ter plates and few cracked Baking the mould
IN an oven abandoned thouccfOrtb, and IN short
time other stefeotypors followed our example.
When began the experiment OF casting without first
drying the mould In an oven our caster persisted that
could not be DONE aud fought against IT, IL so happened
that he dropped dead at hls work while the experiments
were being made. We substituted n man who had had
no experience with the old method, aud nothing 10
learn BY this means our greatest difficulty was over
come
Your article says that the plaster process OF stereotyp
lug takes several hours. While this was comparatively
true OF the earlier method by the plan form Of
type can be moulded, cast and finished inside of
hour, as know from personal experience. From the
first discovery OF stereOtyping, experiments tried
TO cas from plaster moulds by pouring the metal-but
all were practically failures. The plaster mould
swered all the needs OF the trade until the time arrived
when stereotypng must be utilized for the Increased
demands OF the newspaper. Then when the time had
arrived when invention could be made 10 subserye
general interest the paLor mould was discovered IL
was discovery that enabled the Press 20 solve the
required for daily newspaper and q lightning press.
Sec York, July IL, 1878. e. e. SAVAGE.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27

TO IN c y uItUT Ut 2 Wo IT FVWWt'
SIR: Permit me to correct an error into
which You have fallen, based brief extract from the
remarks made at the inaugural Nationals meeting on
Saturday evening last l am not Communist nor Is
there plank in the platform which advocated on that
occasion which admits OF even forced construction In
favor Of Communism It win not be possible, in es
tmaon In this country Tor any combination 70 destroy
the existing money OF Nation tgreenbaeks, when
crculats freely among the people, and substitute Tor ~
private corporation money tNatlOnal Dank noteO TOT
which the people pay interest TO these corpora,
tiOns Such corporations controlling the money would
ultimately subjugate the liberties OF the people.
Again IL viii not be permitted that class OF our peo
ple shall be exempted by law from taNatlOn
while the bulk of the population suer under burden OF
taxation wenigh too grevOus TO be borne; S2,OOO,VOo
600 of the property OF the Nation contributes nothing 10
the support OF our Government aud the mass OF the peO
Die are beng steadily borne down 10 poverty Deleye
we can correct This thing by the ballot but II 1t shall 6e
attempted TO enforce correction by military powert re-
suit will be q revolution. CHARLES D. hLfsbh
EhiiadeLphia. July Is, 1873.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
ENGLANns GRAND YIzIER.
TO the Edttor OF The Trt6Wne
SIR The resnlt OF the Berlin Treaty q

Bhe OF LHe IFbOWH6
SIRE The result OF the Berlin Treaty and the
acquisition of Cyprus will be revival Of excitementn
English politics Since the Irish Church Disestabsh
ment no question has been OF enough importance TO
sharpen party lines into their old deAneness and to
wake up the slumbcring leaders OF English Liberalism.
Mr. Gladstone has been wandering of Into the fields Of
classical study Since the of the present Min
istry the Opposition has been desuItory that it
mains unknown whether Mr.. Gladstone has any success
sor In po other condition Of things would Minister
power have yentured to assume such extraordinary
responsibility Indeed, at Berlin, Beaconsaed was not
Pime Minister OF England but rather Grand yiner TO
the Empress India. Tile pr0tectorate OF Asia Minor
seems like supplemental chapter 10 Daniel DerUnda.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE.
HORACE GREELEY AND COMMUNISM.


SIR The article of j. II. Cook, of Columbus
Kan in IRE TRIBUNE OF July Is. under the heading
IAN Honest Mans Communism" is well calculated to
produce the keenest indignation and resentment IN the
minds all who able to discriminate between per-
sOna rights the negatlOn OF these. as involved In
the principles of Communism The article OF hr. COOK
fairly classes the revered Founder Of THE TRIBUNE rs
Communist. This is an unmitigaed outrage; ana as an
Old acauaintance and friend OF his, would repel with
the utmost Indignation mputat0H unjust ana so
injurious. The we-earned fame Of the great Reformer
and the universal esteem and reverence In winch ne
is held were due to his wellknown deVoon 10
honesty to justice the rights Of man. Truly Horace
Greeley quoted many times from French author the
sentiment: "Our evils are political but social and
a social reform only eradicate them" This sent-
ment was not written by Communist, aud was always
employed In support OF system OF cooperative prop
ertyholdng, in which the principle Of individual prop
ery was fundamental and where the individual interest
or property should be represented by scrip and held by
the owner of It, while the property and effects thus
represented would be by tho co6peraors, and the
profits benefits Of the enterprise be distributed to
all the co0peratOs In equitable proportion according 70
the contributions OF eaeh whether suea eon,r,ou'Vs
consisted of labor lands. chattes or ready money Auy
might contribute some of each' ana draw Oh each
Horace Greeley as often quoted another French
authorto gnaze his detestation OF the doctrines otthe
Communists, tine sentiment, viz: community OF
property Is The grave OF individual liberty" true
Communism IA having all things In common, and IN
the giving to each according 20 needs and receiving
from each according 20 ability" Here Is complete
surrender OF personal rights and dependence ON public
functiOnaries making the mass-the rank ana nle-WaA
in the hands OF upper class. did not propose 10
discuss tue relative merits OF Communism or system
OF having all things In common, and the system OF lnd
yidual property holding but wish to protest against
dragging in tae miro of Communism the hOnored name
OF tie great reiOrmer, journalist historian political
economist aud social scientist trust that The TRIBUNE
will see that the hOnored name and fame OF It's great
Founder protected from the leprous iant OF com
munIsm. IAFEN lOhNohNO'
FanWood. N. j., July 49, 1878.
Mr. Greeley was just about as much Of Choctaw
Indian as he was Communist-EdI
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
Ss,r- York, July 10. 1878
THE TRIBUNE ON THE FRONTIER.

TO the EDITOR Of The TrtbWne
SIR: AS a constant reader of The TRIBUNE,
and resident OF tho frontier the last twenty years,
alow me to heartily thank you for your pointed COM
ments on the letter OF Commissioner Z. A. Hayt.
Your manly in exposing the frauds OF
the Indian rings for the last few years. must
endear Tue TRIBUNE TO every fronticrsman. These
Indian contracts manipulated that u
hard TO produce direct proof OF fraud in awarding con-
traets-whle We OF the frontier are morally POSITIVE
that they do exist Even Professor Marsh witn az ns
Influence aud positive proofs was only able TO agitaee
the bubble, but was not able to burst II.
We long for the transfer OF the Indian Department 70
the Army Then the Indian will obtain his rights ana
the frOnersmaD the protection OF which he so mneh
stands in need. Truly yours, A. ID. ROBINSON
Edgerton, COL, July Il, 1873.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
AN ITHACA WOMAN on BOAT-RACING.
u IL. rh,Inr NJ Thr TrIhMnH

To he Editor Of The Tribune.
SIR: The apostle tells women to ask their
husbands nj home" when they would know anything
He probably thought that the girls did wish TO know
anything and that the widows were already posted
Yet In these days Of oOoduoaton, ladies who have no
husbands occasionally wish 90 know something. To
whom then should they unless It be TO edItorsi No
doubt Paul would have made provision to that eject
mad he anticipated such Means oi information.
Not TO draw down upon self the wrath Of the great
unwashcd.' hasten to admit that rowing boat against
another boat Is the nobes Of occupations; that II cu
Yates the mind and morals nothing else do; that
II helps 10 solve tho problems Of the day: that It's PHI
lantbOphy touching; ia wisdom universal that It's
philosophy and religion are self evident, aud That on
these 10 Is fully worthy OF the enthusiasm IL IN
spires. Yet had supposed that the unnatural ana In
harmonious physical training iuci0enl 10 It's success was
one Of the many sacrifices made 10 the worthy object
IIat for instance, reducing mans weight ftty pounds
by "rum sweas," and an undue deyelOpment OF the D
ceps Of the arm necessarily AT the expense OF s oIher
muscles together with "spurts Of strength" did
not contribute to the best physical culture.
But the late testimony Of Two physicians,
aud OF a very learned professor, eonVlnces me 10
the contrary The problem which remains Is how this
hygeuio culture Of small crew gives the
"superior physical development" 10 all the rest OF the
university the fact that does cannot DO doubted,
n has been duly set forth by the authorities who
a IL ~ truly unfortunate IN At all the
trained athletes OF the age have died prematurey ana
that ordinary logic proves that oycfculture III one
direction Is az the expense OF general vitality. But
"what OF that amid many" popular demOnstrationsi
As the president ana professors OF our universities
must have the good OF the udcns at heart rather
resent we shou believe that boat racing compartments
the greatest good 10 the greatest number aud that
the crews great deot vi gratitude to those VINO
encourage them. ShA"AhEBEkb'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
STAMPING IMpORrED CIGARS.

To the EdttOr or INC TrIbUne.
SIR In the interest of consumers it IS TO be
hoped that the Government will make no change In the
present system of stamping imported cigars as such It
is now the only way know that you are getting your
tayore brand. Abolish that safeguard and the tene
ment houses will food stores with bogus "Partagas."
FLOR de Fumars" Reina YictOyias," ETC., which IN
respect 10 boxes and labels resemble the genuine SO
closely that innocent purchaser Will Dc deceived as
Is intended
business honestly and sell your goods upon their own
Names and mcrit and not upon counterfeit labels ana
nomr1 Rest assured II JOnes's " Pride OF New-Jer-
saw or Smlths Flower OF Connecticut Is better
cigar Cts you claim for 10 cents than Reiua I'M
norred Tor 20 cehts Will bs found out and your
business will prosper. Some rights belong 10 smokers
VINO paw heavy taxes and 10 Is hoped THE fRIRHg VIII
for oIAhie.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
BRITISH CONTROL OF AMERICAN RAILWAYS.


SIR: There is growing disposition in this
country to override American railway laws by the ap
pontment Of English committees to control the affairs
OF those companies In which few soyeregns OF Eng
lsh money" may happen to be invested. This DISPOSE
ton Is encouraged by some specializing stockbrokers,
who desire by to obtain early Information
so that they may operate upon 1t.
The most impudent thing that has yet occurred In this
respect is the reorganization OF the Alabama and Chat
tanooga Company the Alabama and Great Southern
All Of ITS directors Englishmen. and reside In Lon
don. Yet they claim to be eligible! Alabama. to
be sure liberal to alions than any other State
Her constitution says: "Forelgners who are or may
hereafter become bona de residents Of this State shall
enjoy the same rights in respect to the possession
Joyment and Inheritance OF property rs natiye-born
citizens"
This does give certain gentlemen residing In Lon
don right to constitute the board OF direction OF
OF railways Even did, Mississippi and Tennessee
would 10 concur, which they have not DONE the
road also through those States firm OF London
soneitOfs who reorganzed tho company, that
they nave the opinions "emineng local lawyers" on
tine subject. tell them that have respect for the
opuiOns Of "local lawyers. Why don't they get the
opinion OF judah r. Benjamin, who IL at their elbow
The press as rule. agree that no more English
money" should be loaned to American railway
panIes unless they come In some manner under British
control. dEORGE MCuENRr,
London, July g. 1873.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
WILL NEVER JOIN ANOTHER STRIKE.

To the Editor or The Tribune.
SIRE For the privilege of using your paper
to appeal for work. desire to offer you this personal
testimonial OF my gratitude. Aud now win tell you
the OF my misforunes and few OF the hardshps
have endured therefrOm.
My family gave me good education they desired
should study for the ministry. After left school
learned trade liked-that OF shoemaker. l became
a skilled workman As fnisher earned on an average
Sl5 per week. got married; was doing well; bad
house furnished. In the city IN which worked there
was an organization known the Knights OF st. Crspn.
was compelled to join them Last January the manu-
facturers who had become tired and disguised with the
power welded over the by the Board OF Aroitra-
ton, combined against them. The bosses posted
In their factories q notice called the "Ironcad ResO-
linton Of the shoe-bosses," declaring IN elect
that they would give work to mo subject 70 or un-
der the control Of any organization claiming the power
u interfere in any contract between employer and EN-
ploy6" A strike commenced which lasted twelve weeks
Now l. who had been living on my wages spent all ha
earned We forced to sell everything We had In the
world, and very near starYa ton. was promi-
member OF the order, and was often sent by the
shops employers, In the hopes OF ehectng
settlement time on. the bitterness existing be-
tween employers and employees increased. The men
were determined that the shoebOsses should tear down
the obno xious ronoad and the bosses equally de-
ermiued wipe forever the order OF knights OF ST.
Crspn. Finally Two gentlemen came forward Us peace
makers, and compromise WAS effected
Now, for tbe result to me. have been out OF work
Ave mOnths Ms wife, who j. an Invalid, "a compelled
10 do homework that may be kept from suffering
had to live on meal n day. and once had only one
meal m three days have slept out OF doors In one or
the parks during the nights for want ~ shelter am
very weak In body but strong ~ mind. am poor Ia TINS
worlds goods rich In the hope Of getting Something
better hereafter. Now declare have learned lesson
from TINS STRIKE and dearly have paid for the learn.
ing That strike injured others besides the writer OF
this Aud do assure yOu shall never engage IN an-
other Before, my employer my friend; he freey
loaned NJ money, helped but when lac found out
4 was forcing him TO defend himself against me, he
turned lost situation and his respect and good
will Respectfully your. IL
York, July 10, 1873
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-07-27
PICTURE OF TOM coRwIN.

To the Edtt0r or The Trt0uHe
SIR: In the personal column OF HE
TRIBUNE July 10. IL paragraph stating that aside
from crayon drawing from old photograph no
good picture OF Tom Corwln Is extant. am happy 70
say that my family have in their possession an exeeeh
likenessa large size daguerreoiype which Gove.hor
COrwin had taken for and presented 10 my n0thcr
a short time previous to his appointment as Minister
10 Mexico. better likeness both for features anu
expression could not be obtained. Although mol ZOE
sale be parted with, would Willingly allow u ~
be used for the purpose or securing painting OF
portrait. A personal kno ~ledge OF Governor Corwh
qualities IA noble man and statesman prompts tno
writer make this announcement. u. T. BoSNELL-
Plain Held ~ u, July "a, 1878.