The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-11-17
vutr PEOpLE DTE or

- mo most orthodox thco'ogians. hove
sn'nI ,roa, 4. florence " opinion M
~ses,hc happy tHouaaul yeors are To begin.
.,r,,5, ,hem doubi whether va shall have
tl-n,reu,. nin ut 90 Il Of tao practical sort young
T.. r,rs believes ~.
,. ,hl,s the Doctor and his friends arc
,etbe prophecies. and ciphering outthe
t.1 the advent u tho day when only the
c.. .han remain on the earth to enJoy a
i..,.l y.ar, OF un,'oudcd Happiness the
,fisll.ine are directing their attention
,,er,oyai q causes OF disease and doah
,tnh bayo .ong boon Staying tao Inhabitants
,,be worll by thousands, bringing about I'M
,lt,isery. and Shortening tue average OF hu-
..tfo These preveniahle causes still remain
=, nr.,nslon. and therefore sanitary science
,,rl,,,v NJ work before 1t; but II Is steadily
S.r'nishlug the death rate Of civilized coun-
$3.50. and mon In them arc living longer nowon
tleayernge than over before.
wobnv, ~ lat. ysa~s seen In Vow York what
,o,h, douo hysGu.ary regulations ond sani-
trs,,tuiiors 30 TIE way Of checking disease
~ L,,soulns the nnnUl mortality. and New
o.i.,,.b os shown rs Ibis year how much may b.
i.,.,',I.,,lntbe slne direction. and what fatal
,ss,,t. f,ll,,y the negligence. Tho work Of re-
,,,.r,,,olis tas only been begun. yet our death
,,,o has already fallen or largely. and each year
d, 4. getting lower. Now YORK now stands very
ysl "a to Health in comparison with the other
,.nt,ls Of the world: md continued vigilance
On tho part OF our health officers will still
,,r.1er cii, down the mortality. especially
,~ong children uadar five years OF age. whose
Deaths furnish ayast proportion OF the whole
rorality IN all grea, cities and the part which Is
8, greatly the immediate result Of bad sanitary
Conditions and ignorance or neglect Of the laws
ahygene
Row much may DO done 10 prevent disease
md prolong life by attention 70 public hygiene
shown by the Massachusetts report for las,
7saf Of the deaths in that S,nte-a State whose
via. satisfies are gathered and presented with
eunorinary cure and fullness. So far as
climate goes. Massachusetts is ubout an average
Northern State. and therefore the facts obtain
abe nom the report arc Of general value and
interest
The to;a, number Of deaths recorded In Mas
Gchase,,s In 1877 was 1882. an aggregate
sss by l. 81 than that OF 1876. The mortality
WIS n tie rate Of 1874 to every thousand Of
;ae living rate less than that OF any year
snce 1870. Il 10 fortunate that the health Of
ne STATE was 80 good last year. because fewer
children were born than In 1875. and the birth
rate vas lower than ever before In the history
Of NaSaehuse;.s. except during 1895. II people
id 20, manage TO live to a good age in the old
Day State. and no foreign immigrants came in
lofweil IT, population. the census takers would
have poor results TO show In the ancient home
Q. tho Partans. Still. owing TO the reduced
mortality the births though 50 small In num-
her, exceeded the deaths by about 10000. The
majority OF this natural addition 10 the popula-
Ton however. WAS made by forelgn.born pa
rents. Both the births and marriages are fewer
10 propor,lon 10 the inhabitants than In any Of
he ieal!nR countries Of Europe. and II IS for
ilnate Tor the State. therefore. that its average
Of deaths is also lees. Against tho death rate Of
Nito every thousand Of the living In Massa.
eauset,s in 1877. the returns for 1876 show the
rate Of England and Wales to be 81: France
al Prussia 1854; and Austria. 29.i In the
Iousand
The health Of the State Is better. and there are
ever deaths In proportion 10 the population. In
aeiarmlnR counties than In those more densely
Isopl-d. Thus the death rale In franklin
County was only IA. and in Berkshire CountS
oaly ISL. while Ia Suffolk County. in which
Boston Is situated. Il was 1877. and in Esse'
County. also crowded with people II was 1913 II
tie 1000. The general experience is tina; citie
sfe nj present more unfavorable 70 longsvit
than the country. Young children die OF Il
them IN great numbers. owing 70 defective san!
t4Fy precautions. and 10 the Ignorance and i'm
providence o. parents. aud the Idle aud vicious
s,smen;s Of the population tend toward crowde,
settlements. Nearly one-half Of the deaths Il
Massachusetts, occurred In the ten chief cities
md the death rate In them was pore than fou
Ter cent greater than In the rest Of the State
In Massachusetts. ne also throughout th'
esun;rY. the unheathiest season OF the year Il
Re season q midsummer. Nearly third Q
tie wao.s number OF deaths ia the State oc
cured IN the mouths Of July. August. and Sep
i3uOer The hesthiest months were April
Mar. and June. The fewest deaths took place
IN June AMI the greatest number In Angus,
February came next 20 June In its low NOR
nliy md September next 70 August In IL
high death rale Experience shows that on
tIrereR v inter- cold Is not an enemy TO healtl
at q! 70 BE- compared with the heat Of the do.
GAYS. aud that December. January. and Febru
tEI are among the healtnisat months Ia til,
I'4' Ia England. however. the season o
greatest cold is the season Of highest dsatl
niss
Ias deaths Q. females In Massachusetts, II
u exceeded the deaths Of males. but this wa
.-s'o tue unfortunate fact that the number 0
'epass u that State 10 much greater than tina
males. II, however. We calculate the rate .
uea'hs per .OOO Of the living Of the two sexes
Whnd hat the mortality WIS greatest amoni
NE males. the rate being 1893 Of females Il
IAi' o. males. Between the ages OF 20 and 81
''Ia'- lives were more encroached on thar
E4's lives. gnl ~ ages above 30 and between
Vaai ~. the mortality among females was II
'aa'ssd excess. According 70 universal expo
hsA'e the deaths Of children uuder 8 year
were what went most to swell the mortality tot.l
"a MASSACHUSETTS, for 1877. More than q fifth o
MI we deaths were those OF infants more thai
a'''d o' the mortality fell on young children
~" humorous IS these deaths were. they wer
.'' N Proportion than IN my year OF the las
ss'"N7 AMI The fact Is proof u the better SAM
.Ll regulation u the State
'hs average age at which death occurred wa
u~l' thirty years; but II we omit the younI
s-.llen II rises 10 a very much higher figure
Guy one which puts Massachusetts among III
-'1"lest communities Ia the world. Flv
-n and nine females. ten OF whom wer
NS,1h IFeund, died during the year at an ag
.""hd more. II We accept as true the return
~g'F years. An idea Of the ages when PEG
~ Ute most liable 70 death may DO obtaine,
'''A These figures. The deaths to each .OO
lug We're over 81 under years; over be-
. ~ -