The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-05-04


pelnss 10 Cssrs ASA. about ten Gays. This Why
tns Eassa are 20 sverse 10 . Russian occupation OF
Nerve We % not aeabt the knowledge OF English
pennessss 9th rsgsrenoe 10 . question which Is 90
fntcrsstthg them that OF Central Asia; stiii we
have some doabss a. 20 whether a campaign 10 Nerve
wosia Dc .msr basa,ells" Tor Us The River
AtlfcK, slyng ~hch should bs obliged 10 carry on
campasn against Nerve aud Kherst. as per the Eng
lisa llsn 10 she Rasso-Perssn frontier only to
as mouth, but abe strongest eurrcnt and from tho
sentrc. H. toward Persia. Thus 40 should DO Obliged
10 sRsBdon all nope Of using this water route except
ins very short distance, IN order 70 avoid avioa-
ton 81 Persian territory
ROUTE
COR movement from tho Caspian Sea can be made
ppon 81 entirely diasrsnI route The particulars Of
wsich may b. toand 10 the "niornatisn on tue fur-
comAns.s by Mr. st-bnlxk. and per the records OF
the Caucasus sectian Of the Russian Geographical
Society. a. commences win mo ieruncat,ons OF
MRhailovsk. situated IN The southeast OF krssno-
vodsk Krssnovodsk isaso Russian iostncaiion, bas
the road Nerve . much longer than that from
MrkhaIloyskL upon the bay bearing the same name,
ACCESSIBLE IN summer far tho fortineat'ons
o. MikhaIovsk Tor heavy vessels. which can
DO ,ewsd by powerful steam tpss Tho dni
cutes OF the route during tes nrst lew
days Of the march. The fortncailoss Of MkhsIovsk,
about fourteen miles IRON this route. extend along
sandy plain. which abounds with sail springs a. far ~
the MouiIa Kari post where detacnmsos are Sta
toned, and here 20 Ksii-ogsrts. 10 the dwsc-
ton OF tho village OF Moulla Kari the rosie branches
on TO Tacbarvate, fortified post situated on slope
OF plateau stretching 10 the Balkans, sixteen and
bait miles from Mouiia Kari racharvsissvsn NJ
stsbnitzkis opinion, OF thc best Of the points
occupied by troops along the western shore Of tho
Caspian Sea; plenty Of good water timber
grows upon Balkan plateau and agriculture IL pos
sple This poin. moreover, may become Of great im-
portance for tho concentration OF bodies OF troops.
From Moula Kari TO isilogarte the distance Is about
1884 miles, or say nine days march.
FEATURES or THE ROUTE
Al its commencement The route lies on the southern
side OF the Balkan plateau and then follows along 70
the northern side OF the Lt,ls Balkan and the ko0r
ren Dagh Mountains. wnL one exception thcre are
water PITS at every stage; and, although this water
contains quantity OF mineral matter, Is good 10
drink. The Kasantchik wells, which are found 10 ths
denes Of The Kourrcn Daghs leishtyiour miles IRON
Moulla Kari). supplied by a stream which con-
taIns tho sweetest Sf orinking wafer. Further
on toward Kisil- osarse, in the ouchak or Ouchsn
PITS The water also sweet, though not SO
abundant There is also vegetation along the route
For instance along tho road during the second stage
OF the journey you may see little neds which have
been sown by the Turcomuns In the neighborhood o.
the Taguire weiis all the land is arabic Also st tho
base OF the Kourrcn Dahs The iorii1ed. point KslI
oearte, is oil very great importance Forming our
most advanced post the Turcomanian stcppcs s,u-
ued upon favorable ground, In the csntre OF an cx
tensivc valley, sheltered by heights Of the Koar-
Daghs, watered ny the fresh stream KissuassAn.
which is sufficient tor all the OF the fortress
for the Inhabitants aud their CATTLE and also ior
watering all the Turcoman,an melon folds In ine W.
ciniiy.
A LINZ OF rURcoxANAN PORTS.
From Kisl ogarte thcre Is road TO Khiva; cancels
cnp reach Khiva by this road N ten days while
horse easily do It in eight days. Another road
loads to Nerve Along this route, as tbs north
err base oil tho mountains, covering = distance Of
about two hundred and sixty-sight miles, are fairly
little Turcomanian fortiacatons all OF which are STU
ntsd near streams sprngA Among than
are two towns-KnrIso and Asknabade-sach
having large population. The majority OF the
Inhabitants OF these fortified towns engaged In
agriculture; but u large number 10 into the business
Of cattle raising large SCALE This whole line OF
fortncatons, according 10 tho precise iniormasson
derived from Chcros dc Chipka, General ssogesoh,
has abundance OF running water. coming from the
Kourren Dagh Mountains IN the form OF rivalciG In
the ne OF the forts the rusoowans gather
for labor; beyond them you the camcs and shssp
grazing IN tho distant stcppcs; the horses iced
npon the herbs which grow along the
streams. In tho winter these animals are
ed within tho ssockades Along this iine,
Too. from Kis-Ogarte tar Gniaurs (rJIasrs, she
rurcomans cultivate barley. wheat djsgsune (preba-
bly, diaglucyium piantl, sesamum, melons and water
melons and cotton. In the southeast near the
Atghanistan frontier, the rout begin ming almost
parallel with tho line Of rurcomaniaa fortncations
extends from tho northwest TO tho southeast along
tue Kopete Dagn Mountains, then turns abruptly to-
ward the northeast, along the unirequeoicd river
Taichi-darja, and then a few stages In this d1ss-
ion lands you Nerve. II will DO seon. hso, from
This buried sketch, that although campaign against
Nerve cannot be considered "merc bagaieiie."
IL will present but tr,alng difficulties compared with
those overcome In Khiva ~ General KAUFMAN. AZ
several points along this route less troops
be concentrated. These points arc Klsi-ogarss.
Karisc, Ask nabade and some others
OTHER ROADS TO NERVE
10 order to Nerve thers ssii Other routes
running from the country Of tho Amou-
,arji ono road from borders OF kniva From
Khiva TO Nerve there less than nilcen stages,
scry difficult To traverse, across she stoppcs. aud
nearly whole distance without water Tho lack OF
in the Eteppcs TO the north Of Nerve IL very
important obstacle TO tho movement Of troops
IN that direction. aud, In reality forms dcfcnce
for the city against all inyasions from the north
The wells, winch arc found only ~ great ihtcr-
walls (say forty miles apart, contain very bitter
water which, when placed In vessels, becomes very
offensive. Again. these wells arc very ex-
hausted, even by small caravans Tho quantity OF
water Is so small that a caravan OF eighty camels
will completely exhaust oil these wells. The n.y.
Ing and tho heated sands OF the desert induce
Inflammation OF the eyes; sometimes even those bred
IN tue country suffer IRON ophthaimA
FAILURE KniyAs CAMPAIGN
That II Is dlincult to 10 IRON Khiva 10 Nerve u Is
only necessary to recall the expedition Of The Khan or
khiva In the Turcomsnian s,eppcs in 1882. Dur
log this expedition he iost upward OF two thousana
camcls anu nearly AS many men. They werc con-
PEELED finally to abandon a number Of cannon. Al
every stage or days journey they had to Dig wsliA
Tho other route-ihc shortest-along the River
Amou-darjs, for about ono hundred and seventy-nve
miles, n mainly across sandy doseris II Is evident,
tbcn, that thcrc can exist doubt TO the choice
bet " cen these routes. We shall be compelled 10 70