davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30
FIremen's Convention.

Last evening delegates from the WASH
ington, Reliance, Phoenix and one from
the Weccacoe Fire Companies, met at
the Reliance Engine House, and after a
short debate the following gentlemen
were nominated for chief and assistants
of the department to be voted for on
Monday next: Chief Engineer, Daniel
j Richardson of the Phoenix ; first as
sistant, Joseph Cash, of the Reliance ;
second assistant, Joseph G. Dutton, of
the Delaware. The action of the Con-
vention is not binding upon the compa-
MOS who were not represented, as it re-
quires five of the companies to elect.
There is hardly any doubt but that the
department. will fail to elect and the
election will go co Council.
The Dover POstOf1ice.
The contest over the Dover post Office
has be en- decided by the appointment of
Mr.. Andrew Smithers, who was confirm
ed by the Senate on Thursday.
Personal.
Nr. Joseph Fleming, of this city, will
start for the West on Monday morning,
on an extended business tour for a New
York firm.
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30
Brief Locals
and herring are SILL scarce

ana herring are still scarce.
soon be time for a circus to visit
|.,S ~ oitiee u te of the. GAZETTE does
tomorrow. ~
scaemmerhorn tonight at the
gymnasium. ' 'ne
W, !, Caldwell, will occupy the
ST. PauIs church. w
sdN Iand !opening of the new store
'"re M On next Wednesday.
pIsio n Morgan, at 424 Market street
u Ane OF gents furnishing goods.
ssatetmamnerhorn, ~ nm tn great guitar
" Tue kavel Gymnasium to
lnt NJ 'ssIrterley, 3O2 Market street. if
1' HiS' Class photographs at low
mar6-tf.
,satd' Ssaetwood in songs and dances
Aa''S al the Ravel Gymnasium
aag1ler, al, at S3j Market street.
tavpp p''asureto have an aching
lsan Ss u and hosiery are selling
6 Naps.,. n .ne ,. new Philadelphia
MI street..
ag esD. y e Cents per bottle and NAV
SoOd u :, saving your life. ry
est cn,,a samaritan Cough Syrup.
tboq cq5ter Ra in the city is Mr.. J, s
lsM.n boston One Price clothino
ocE +'As' H. and 2l2 Shlpley street
i Gira 4 now " complete in every de.
ID tbrOn9 brtVe US a Call and we will
NarEo"a,s with pleasure. Store
Dston ~ anu2l2 Shipley street.
castom nneSt = stock of spring suItin9
Tbeir department. TO be- seen iS1 S
FlipIelyr store is lNos. 2l3 Market
Iol,,, Tongue Broken.
the h's saoot 70 The alarm of fire this
itin chs eSs.oro broken while those
ghtb sS,uarge were prooeed, ~
embers 1es; wbn Joseph M acy on =
lying in the heil over some hose
Issd over W Sne street and the uYSe cars
kbly. It ser IL . him, bruising him him
ia, e l. Liberal t!a League.
Eaads,yt S q, the HE'LL Liberal League cue, will
Les les building ra'sg ag,.s at 1Os a. m.
the disen;ssiMdr, su; A. W. Dav's H
tnal Puoo,s1hsion, shl 10 the subject Iy,s hss
pt and par5icincc paG,,c are Invited ~ y
.pa'e In the d ebate
|so,, Accident. "''
ias SitGs > between ts 7 and q o,o,oo,.
5S;a & and sss1E k.Etssss n s sss arms ss'Ssa
She e'.,, sooa She did not ost'aesss, aenssr sh. 1t
'''' Went on her apSsst Say. ''
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30
Indications for To-day.

n NqC England and The Middle States
hal partly cloudy ,uedther cold north
rmg to rarmer edsterlytoinds, ana
! JoiloTei BY stationary or falling bar.
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30
DIED.

CAMPBELL.-On the 2sth inst, Joseph
Campbell, In the 68th year OF his age.
The relatives and friends of the family
are invited to attend the funeral from his
Monday afternoon. Services at O'Clock.
mar2Q-3tA
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30
Letter from Samuel Townsend
For the Gazette.

For the Gazette.
MIR. EDIToR.-I hope you have not
forgot the past acts and accused past acts
of Marshal Dunn; John O'Byrne is very
forgetful of them. / do know that in
November z, 1870, 9 murderers came to
Blackbird to try to destroy the election,
and If the following session of the Legis-
lature had, as they ought, and as / and
others requested them to do, fully inves.
tigated the matter, Messrs. Bayard and
Salisbury would in the Marshal case
have full proof of this matter, however,
as it is, send you an old original letter
sent to me on the election day, the 7th OF
November, by the late jesse Sharpe, Esq
by trusty black man with great haste
I have not time to copy said letter at this
time therefore / send you the original
and request that these lines l write, and
the letter of jesse Sharpe be published in
to-morrow's GAZETTE. Save the original
until call for it. / also send accompany
ing Mr.. Sharpe's letter al few lines written
down of what the Deputy Marshal, John
w. Wright, said soon after said Novem'
Der election OF 1870 take care OF that
document also until call for 1t.
SAMUEL TOWNSEND.
Townsend, March %, 1873.
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30

WILMINGTON, DEL, Nov. Z, 1870.
Dear Sir 1t is stated that repeaters
from Philadelphia have been sent to the
polls of Appoquinimink Hundred. They
are to take possession-destroy the bal
The daily gazette., 1878-03-30
The Reservoirs.

The work of completing the south
basin of the new reservoir, will probably
commence next week The contractors
work oi Of comnletion 9E ran,dyy T sorward "sl 'n
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

the swamp. so Fashioned that wherever
she might be in the depth beyond which
it was not probable she could have stray
ed, they would be likely to hear her voice.
As the midnight began to move on to-
warI the morning, the little forlorn crea-
ture woke; and-as had been anticipated
--began 10 cry nightly. Her cry was
heard. and. under its guidance, before very
long all the difficulties were overcome,
and the poor thing was found, in pitiable
plight indeed, and brought out to the arms
or her distracted parents.
Is there no lesson in this for a world
! full of lost and straving souls? One thing
is sure. God their Father knows that they
are lost and has organized process OF
salvation. Another thing is sure. lie is
watching and waiting, more than they
that watch for the morning." TO hear them
when, waking from their sleep of sin. and
thoroughly conscious of the darkness and
despair of their condition, they cry out
for help.
If that awakening child had been ma
| ture enough to reason, and could have an
ticipated the plans that would be laid for
| its relief, no doubt il would have felt that
its only hope lay in crying out. as loudly
as it could, until its cry should bring that
relief 1t would not doubt that its parents
were looking for some chance to save 1t,
AMI SO it would cry in faith.
So with every lost child of sin. God
has organized for you salvation. You
can get it by crying out for it. Have
faith. Do all you can. Aud never fear
that. with your doing and Gods doing,
the lost shall not be found.-Congrega-
ti0ndliSs.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

OUR LITTLE GIRLS. 1t is really becom
ing question ct Importance whether or
not we are much longer to have any little
girls in our midst. The present high
pressure system Of education forces them
INFO voung ladies while they ought TO b."
in the sheltered privacy Of the nursery
and the school room.
am not ovpr-stating the case when |
declare that little girl. simple sweet, in
nocent, unconscious of herself and willing
10 be guided by her parents, is list now n
very luvHble, but, alas! IL very rare treas
ure. More than one mother is puzzled by
The problem. How am [ to brin up NV
daughter so that she shall preserve until
her dlwning woman hood the sweet charm
nf childish delicacy untouched and I'M
threatenpd?" Little maids Of ten and
twelve going to school with their primary
grammrrs and arithnetics in their dim
pied hands, blush and simper II bpv
happens to pass. Little girls sitting by
windows, sewing up seams under their
mothers direction, have their attention
diverted by the appnrtion of "a neighor's
son on his way 10 the post office The
cummonrst courtesy cannot be exrende
by little gentlemen TO a little lady with
out some other child, and perhaps some
silly grown person, being prompted to
talk of" Susie beau" Children who
should play together like children,
and no. Int and coquette like premature
men aud women, have gone quite beyond
the stage of being juyeniIe.-M~gtrct
| .SGRGStGr
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

No I,s,,,rs T,vo..Tyo .nts,, co;1
p.+,N. ,,ban 'r'., .o t',Il ;n,, ,,oo,h
i'uon.'vl' Mnet 'HnS t'o ''s'N,nS ,"Ho'n
e., '""u % ,; ', ,bi, S" s,ir pV s,o W" "
un'i I;,i Wv" N'" 0m, ' nh ,i lho'S nh
VIZ hI, NJ, "'pp"s nU
ut''o' . '''"' ~, vi" ~. eN"'nP'oo p'o,r
..'', WY "'o t;'o - ''n' 1 ""y W ,n""o
,i "' ' Jof nH s,,I;"t. anu W." y" W.
''',' "L''''o ,h,, Foolish n,,r.
,,;. INV o.,'H' a'lS Wv "'Sr ",',",
" ';m Gs',o' IoL '''''r oo" 'a,e
't"; ~ W, n' nU w. y, Il" t',' , LEX
- '..,'ntt''"'.iy so"'o" q" c "n., "n,on
or, u, III '''I Va '''i' ", -,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

AT THE VILLAGE STORE.-Ancient and
modern methods were nicely illustrated
last week in my own neighborhood, in a
small way to be sure, but the great whole
is made of trihes, and trfles show the d.
reotion in which the public mind is drift
ing. Mr.. A and Mr.. B were planting
corn; A was alone in his field, which is
five acres in extent, and B, whose field has
an area of six acres, had two men with
him. B commenced planting Friday morn
ing. and A began marking his ground al
the same time, commencing his planting
Friday noon; both finished about five
o clock on Saturday. A had previously
bought n hand-planter for which he paid
four dollars, and planted his corn alone
rather than have his team idle for two
days. The team would need feeding lust
the same if it stood in the barn, and the
hired man would need to be paid the same
if he planted corn; so A reasoned that the
work OF The team alone would pay for the
planter, TO say nothing of having his work
two days in advance. Was his reasoning
soundp BIS team. on the other hand
sio"d in the barn during the two days,
eating hay and grain the same rs though
they had been at work-two whole days
of precious time lost
1.-Two days, work of n team is not much
to lose," said Uncle Ben: "but presume
you mean to make an application some.
hing like this: Suppose nine-tenths OF
the farmers lose only Two days each. This
multiplied by the six million or SO, less
the one-tenth, would give us an immense
num her Oc DAYS lost worth nj lnust opa
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03
Household Topics.

| have Just been reading the article from
your correspondent, Mrs. H II. r., in n
recent number of the CnitiUator, and |
am impressed to say few words on the
same subject, which, however, she has
given a very good handling; yet there is
more than one side to every question, and
l think that the sunny side of farm life is
shown up far oftener than the reverse.
We have read great deal, during the
last two or three years of hard times,
of the independence of the farming class,
MS compared with other laboring men.
believe this independence is decidedly
overrated. True, if the farmer owns his
farm, stock and tools. he is comparatively
independent of hird times, for he can raise
his own provisions, or most of them, and
| if his produce don't sell for much, by
economy he can keep out of debt; he Can
wear his old clothes, ride in the old buggy
another year, and keep along tili the
promised "good time coming" finally ar.
rives.
But with the large majority of farmers
such is not the Case. j think am safe in
saying That the larger half of our Yer.
mont farms are mortgaged for large oil
small amounts, as the case may be. and
that the farmers are few who are entirely
free from the incubus of debt. Very
many farms were bought at the fictitious
values Of few years ago when every.
thing was relatively AS high rs real estate
the buyer paying perhaps II few hundred
dollars down, and giving II note secured
by mortgage, payable in yearly install.
menls, for the balance. Produce sold foi
good prices, and for time all seemed t.
prosper with the farmer; his yearly pay.
mPnts were promptly met, and he fondly
hoped that few years more would find
him free from debt, with the farm his
own.
Shortly there arose little cloud upon
the horizon, bigger than mans hand
at first, but gradually growing larger and
darker till the whole sky was oyerspread
The fal mer can no longer make both
ends meet because he cannot. by indus
try and economy, manage he never SO
shrewpdly, make half dollar in money
pay full dollar of Indebtedness, neither
can he raise the half dollar now rs easily
rs he could raise The dollar few years
ago. Again the tremendous fall in real es
late leaves his farm worth no more in
market value now Than the mortgage that
yet remains unpaid, so that all he has
paid, all his toll and labor and economy,
goes for naught. | might show II much
darker side OF the picture Than this, but is
not this dark enough?
If the clerk. or any man who labors for
wages, is voluntary slave, us IL. IL. T..
asserts, the man who is in debt is ten
times slave. 1t is the incubus that
weighs him down. the CALLING chain that
he wears. night and day, and it frels and
binds none the less because he cannot hear
the clank of the letters.
The man who labors for another has far
less caro- than his employer. When he
has done what Is ordered his responsibility
ends; he may be weary when the day is
over, but that mortgage" and how he is
to obtain the money TO meet fast APP
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

AMERICAN REAPERs AND MOWERS
The Scientific american has an interesting
letter from Mr.. E. II. Knight prominent
rs mechanical engineer and writer on
machinery, who is now at the Paris exhi-
btion. lie says:
a" Nothing in the American section is so
amply shown as reapers and mowers, and
there are few things upon which we pride
ourselves more, and none which have done
us more credit. The Sc ing machine and
the breech loading rifle are to be classed
in this respect with the harvester, but not
before it. Great Struggles are
being made by Americans and English to
secure the French market for harvesters,
and also to impress the representatives of
foreign nations in Paris. The Americans
are decidedly ahead at present, and if they
could keep all they have invented, they
would be still more so, but patents run ou
and machines are easily copied, and many
American Improvements are not patented
in England, and SO are liable to be pirated
at once, ard some are taken bodily with
out regard to right"
Mr.. Knight states that the English ex-
hibitors had discouraged field trials of har-
NNotih- iih'ShiiSiJt "iiilO llllCl
rad urged that no satisfactory test could
be had in any other way; and it was I'M
derstood that trial would be held. and
that fields of grass and grain had already
been selected for the purpose. There
were ten French exhibitors, most of whom
initiated as closely us possible one or an
other OF the favorite American machines
The MoiSSonneuse Combinee Buckeye and
the tduchtuSe Wood. as advertised by the
French agents of the imported machines.
have to compete with those of French
makers with the addition of such terms rs
Systene Wood and Syrteme Buckeye.
The letter describes at some length the
automatic binders, of which six American
styles are shown-lhose of Waller A..
Wood, Mccormick, Osborne, Aultman.
w. Arson Wood, and Johnston. and two
English, those of Howard and Neale One
of the latter is modification of Walter
A. Woods, and the other is spoken of rs IL
novelty yet to be satisfactorily developed.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

fore poisoning period; best just before
the stalk shoots up, when the field is a
thick mass of advanced rowen. Then the
feed is perfect. only get it well cured,
which is not difficult. For pasture it is
still better. 1t will form an excellent sub
stitute for timothy. 1t is true, as Mr..
Allen says. it runs out in few years; but
it may be made to last many years, yield
ing uniformly large crops yearly for over
II dozen years.
Timothy is cut too late, usually when
near to maturity, and not unfrequently
when ripe. This, in dry time, is sure to
hurt it. The theory of its greater weight,
and the demands of the market when cut
in maturity, have largely been the cause
Of this. Cut earlier, when the bulb and
stem contain their juices. and the bulb is
IN condition to push the new crop after the
old is removed. The full capacity of
timothy has rarely been developed among
us. Orchard grass will evenuIlly sup
plant it, and the sooner this is done. the
better for our dairy region.-F g., Fort
Plain, N. Y, in Country Gentleman.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03
Haying.

Now haying time is upon us. The
promise of May for remarkably early
cutting of the crop has been kept from
fulilment by the later rains. and the I'M
favorable weather of middle and late June
have kept back the cutting; till now, the
first Of July, little more has been done
than to make fair beginning. But with
the help of the machinery now within the
farmers reach, and good weather, the
crop can be put in the barn. with little
harder work before it will be seriously
damaged by getting too ripe.
Circumstances and conditions very
greatly modify opinions and courses of
action. We are very strongly prejudiced
against getting hay wet, or trying TO do
haying in lowery weather. Our grass
is chiefly herds grass and clover and
it may hurt this more to get wet than
some other kinds of grass, or it may suf-
fer less from standing little longer, but
we cannot quite endorse for our own case
q remark we once heard Bro. Cheever, of
the New England Farmer, make. viz,
that if he had piece of grass ripe enough
to cut. he had rather cut it at the begin
ming of three days rain than to let it
stand during the same time. With his
grass and his situation this may be correct,
but we should think that with three days
soaking pretty tolerably good hay tea
might be made, and what would be washed
out would not be still remaining in the
grass, of course. So our way is to 90
slow in poor weather, and when the
weather is good. then rush business
little.
Concerning the barns, haying sea-
son is pretty good time to observe where
and how any improvement can be made
in facilities for securing and storing the
crop. Some may be looking forward to
the indefinite future when they shall build
a new barn. or have nearer definite time
settled upon when they will do the same
thing. This haying season is q good time
to determine whether you will have two
floors, drive in at the gable and not have
to pitch up, and save Il hand or two in
moving away when the mows are getting
full, the hay is dry and shower is COM
ing up. Such time as this is the proof
and test of the value of such devices, and
so of machinery. With settled good
weather and plenty of help the tedder and
horse rake may be dispensed with. but
with our heaviest grass down, threaten
ing change in the weather and not help
enough to handle it lively, then the tetlder
and horse rake pay very fast. The boy
can turn the hay with the tedder and rake
it up and rake after the cart with the rake
and so do the work of five men. These
are some of the things TO be thought of in
hayng time.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

for sale. and even that from the carcasses
of diseased animals may be purchased
without guilty knowledge by the mana
gers. For cooking purposes oleomargarine
appears to be an excellent substitute for
any fat previously used, but l consider
considerable risk is attached to its use in n
raw state as table butter and as such it
shonld be rejected.
This important subject demands full in
vestigation. and meantime those people
who are trying 10 economic a few cents
per week by using oleomargarine in place
of butter, should be fully aware of the
'lireful consequences that will surely re-
suit if by this means they should become
affected by parasitic disease. At the pres
ent price of good wholesome butter it
would seem that the number of consumers
of oleomargarine would rapidly diminish.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

| was not little pleased to see Mr.
Aliens article on orchard grass in the
Country Gentleman Of June Goth, mas
much rs / have been advocating it for
years. 1t is beginning to excite unusual
attention here (nd with reason) us the
hest grass crop in the neighborhood; ear
lier than any other. and continuing its
growth apparently uninterrupted during
all weathers. the drying wind St seeming to
have little effect upon it. 1t grows enor-
mously tall in Il rich soil. A neighbours
boy was sent to me with few stalks, to
learn what plant it was. the stalks measur-
ing over five feet. Mr. Aliens land Is not
rich enough to do justice TO this grass, as
when pushed it will grow three good cut
tings ina year. realizing in the aggregate
at least five or six tons of hay that is not
by any. The difficulty is. 1t is
almost always cut when too far advanced,
usually 10 blossom or later, which will not
do, as tho stalk gets hard. Cut always be.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-07-03

MULCHING FRUIT TREEs.-Not the least
important of the many different items OF
farm work is that of mulching fruit trees.
The fact that frequently, for weeks at II
| time, trees are subjected to severe drouth.
during which the soil around the trees. and
even the roots of the trees, become dry
and parched. and the leaves become shriv.
eled and almost crisp, is enough to show
it the imperative duty of every grower to
mulch his trees. Even if trees will grow
and do well in an Indifferent sort of man
ner, the fact that their continued and
profitable existence is insured by timely
mulching, is enough to convince prudent
man that it is not the least of his duties.
Fruit trees, to do WELL should be planted
in mellow soil of continued and regu
lar moisture. The soil also should be fire.
quently cultivated after the trees are set
70 keep the soil moist in this climate, is a
difficult matter. Where there are few
trees, resort may be had to watering. This
is an impossible task in II large orchard,
and it behooves the careful cultivator to
seek some substitute. This is only found
in some light material that can be spread
on the soil around the tree, protecting the
oil from the sun and preventing evapora-
tion. 1t is not economical to use for
mulching. material that possesses value
for any other purpose. Chip manure, saw
dust and shavngs are frequently useh;
damaged hay straw and marsh hay, are all
superior for mulching purposes. With me
the best article is straw which has laid in
the cattle yard all winter and is about
half rotten, and also the straw that is used
litter the early calves. l usually have
u quantity of this half-rotted straw that
possesses merely nominal value for ma
nure. BY using it for mulching it is sub
ected to the elements, and in three OF four
months it reaches such IL state of decom-
position that it is profitable to spread il
over the adjoining land. This is I'm unim
portant matter colupal ed with the benefits
arising from having the surface of the soil
for three or four feet around the fruit
trees protected from the lays of the sun
during the warm months. Mulching
should extend farther than the roots of the
trees. The material, depending somewhat
on its character. should be from four to
eight inches deep. If trees are mulched
at all, it should be done etfectually. After
trees are mulched. there is danger from
the wind for few days only, rs the
mulchng settles and in few days be
comes quite compact.
| can say from experience, that the diff
ference between trees which are muched
annually and those which are not mulched
is most extraordinary. While tree that
is mulched will grow more wood in sea-
son, and ripen it perfectly in the fall,
Tree that is not mnlched will very often