davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
PENAL SERVITUDE.
THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF THE SYSTEM
IN ENGLAND.

THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF THE SYSTEM
IN ENGLAND.
What English prisons were before the
time of John III Toward and Elizabeth Fry
forms scandal to humanity itself The
early days of the transportation system
in the hulks and in the Australian colo
nies-to a considerable extent recalled
these horrors but il should be said that
in course of time they received great
mitigation. Transportation had the effect
of eXiling large proportion of the dan
gerous classes from the country and IL is
still question among lurists whether it
is not the best kind of long Sentences
Bat the time came when the Australian
colonies, with the exception of w est
Australia, resolutely refused to admit
any further convicts. The Government
of the day was thrown into n state of
very serious perpleXity. Almost acci-
dentally, and very gradually, the system
of penal servitude grew up. 1t SO hap
pened that some years before the point
of extreme difficulty had been reached
Select Committee ON Harbors of Ref
uge had recommended the construction
of the Portland Breakwater to secure a
naval station in war, and "to afford shell
ter and safety to the commercial marine
in the long line of coast extending from
Plymouth and Torby to Portsmouth and
the Downs" A large amount of convict
labor was now at the profitable disposal
of the Government. Buildings were run
up for the accommodation of thousand
convicts and after the foundation OF the
Portland Breakwater had been laid by
the Prince Consort the great work was
proceeded with. 1t was found thatanother
vast prison might easily be made avail
able. At Princes Town, in the heart of
Dartmoor, was an immense range of
buildings which had been used for
French prisoners during the long Con-
tinental war. The huge barracks were
falling into ruins in places the roof was
blown off, and the wall was blown in. A
batch of convicts was sent down To make
the plac- habitable, while proper build
ings on the approved plan We're TO be
constructed. The plan was also designa-
ted 10 construct up the Medway chain
of artificial basins that would be able to
contain our fleet. A large prison was
constructed Mt Chatham, and since then
another at Portsmouth, where immense
public works have been taken in hand.
In 1852, the transportation system was
definitely surrendered, and the new
punishment, with the corresponding
new term of "penal servitude," was in
vented. In 1868, a Royal Commission
was appointed 10 examine into the work
ing of the system, and one result of the
act of Parliament, based upon its report,
was that no sentence in future was To be
for less term than five years.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
MAY IS. 1877 -.

THE OUTRAGE MILL.-The republi-
can congressional campaign committee
the other night decided, accordingly to a
well-authenticated report, ''to publish
campaign documents and to subscribe
for large number of Southern democrat
ic newspapers, from which extracts will
be collected to be sent to weekly republi-
can newspapers throughout the North.
The Philadelphia Times suggests that
this is not the easiest nor the cheapest
way to set the outrage mill in motion.
Half dozen Eliza Pinkstons would cost
less than few newspapers, and go great
deal further in the way of providing effec-
tive atrocities.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

MEDICAL EDUCATION FOR WOMEN.
A bequest of ten thousand dollars was
left the Harvard University by George o.
Hovey on the express condition that the
advantages of its medical school be ex-
tended TO women on equat terms with
men. Mr.. Hovey made this bequest from
his own knowledge of women as doctors,
and in especial gratitude for services ten
dered by one of them to his wife. Har-
ward University is hence on the point ol
admitting women to its medical school.
1t is tobe hoped that the medical schools
generally will follow the same laudabe
example. At the same time it appears
that the male doctors of England are hos
tile to the honorable action of the London
University in admitting women to all its
degrees, and some of them make the hui
initiating confession that in that case
their own degrees are practically value
less" which, of course, amounts to an
admission of marked inferiority to women
in their profession.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
SOCIETY IN CINCINNATI.

From the Cincinnati Gazette (editorial.)
The women have decreed that men
must wear dress coats, white neckties,
and white, lemon, lavender or pink kid
gloves at the opening concert of the Mu-
steal Festival tonight. Also, that any
one that chews tobacco AID spiis in the
hail or in any of the corridors shall be
summarily led out by the policemen. A
large force will be on hand for this pur-
pose, to act upon information from any
one of the audience. They do not pro-
pose to carry this decree SO far as some
have supposed was done in the matter
of bonners, and to refuse admission to
those who have not on the proper gar
ments, but they intend to make the fash
ion so prevailing that he who comes in a
frock or sack coat shall feel himself to
be- marked man, and shall have but lit
tie good of the music.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

Not IN WH.MINGToN.-It NAV be
that what is stated in the paragraph
below from the Republican is true, but it
is not true that the women of Whining
ION are so habituated ito go to bar and
take glass of liquor publicly" as to
make the act $50 common" that our peo-
pie could witness it with "no great de-
gree of mazement." In fact We are
amazed that such charge should be laid
upon our female population. 1t is too
bad to send such charge AS that abroad.
We cannot believe that the white women
of Wilmington are guilty of it. We have
heard of a few isolated cases in which
women were guilty of drinking, and
drinking to excess, horrible as that is to
the mind of every American; but we
are bound to dissent from the quotation
from the Rep,biicdt, if it refers to Viii
mington women:
DRINKING WoMEN.-There can be no
doubt that intemperance is on the in
Is not Tar gone in the past when a woman
VINO would go to bar and take a glsss of
nquor publicly, would be looked upon as
some Kind of a being boarding on the in
human. But SO common has the sight
now become that we look upon it with
no great degree of amazement and il
need not astonish our readers when we
say that in some of the saloons of this
city there are almost as many women
customers as men.
The RepuJlicdn goes further, and with
truth remarks that it has become custom
AIRY for women to enter the fashionable
saloons in Philadelphia, and call for beeI
and stronger liquors. This is bad
enough. But even there it is not custom
AIRY to go to a bar and drink We will
agree with the Republican in obiecting tc
intempermce i'll women. In the gentlel
sex it is degrading and Disgusting il
the extreme. But we would not tayol
the opinion advanced by the RepuJucd,
that women have as much right to drinl
as men. 1t sounds too much like en-
couraging women to do even that whicl
We condemn i'll men. In fact We con
denim "drinking" to excess in men an,
the law provides punishment; and i
punishment would deter we would favo
itsincroased severity on women. Humani
ty has enough to bear now; and let IL
all hope that our women may not becom
addicted to the intoxicating bowl. lie
all condemn ii; and not urge upon he
the right to drink because men cxercis
the fright" 1t is dangerous doctrine
and while one woman might possibl,
save her husband by exhibiting beastli
nesss herself, there is too much DANCE
that many who had tasted would be un
able to abandon the habit, although per
haps formed with the best intention.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
Senator COnkIing and the Presi,
dent-A RuInOred Truce.

WASHINGTON, May 17.-Rumors have
been very thick to-day to the effect that
Senator Conkling has made terms with
the administration, and that q nominee
for the collector OF the port OF New York
Will be sent IN who will be acceptable to
him. Henry G. Stebbins, who is a type
Of the machine republicans of New York
Is said to be the man agreed upon, but
this is not considered absolutely certain
1t is certain, however, that Senator
Conking has not in the last few DAYS
made any remarks rejecting upon the
administration, and it was said that to-
day he went SO far in the opposite direc-
tion as TO remark that he did not believe
the House investigation of the facts of
the presidential election woald result in
duplicating any prominent republican,
or in disclosing anything of import
ance.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
LOOK, l0OKII LOOK +,

LOOK. L00k!! LOOK II
Best sand soap, bets F. 4
Oleine soap, Gl
. cans corn, warranted, icl
Large bottles Rum ford's powder, Leu
3ilbert's cora starch, scu
Best hoop pals, hcl
Mic macs, Ibis for i Ct&
Trenton oyster and Soda crackers,
Slbs for . e
lbs pared peaches for Sdz
Good black tea. % cts pei
Best wash boards, II cl> eacI
We will sell good coffees lower than ~
other dealer in Wilmington.
On all goods not mentioned above wei /
as low or lower than other parties.
Laguayra coffee, |u1
best prime Rio coffee, -5eS
Best Old Govt lava coffee, 5;G1
Good RIO coffee, @G1
Oat meal, acts ps'
THOMAS NJ. WIEk /
ap23-eod1m 1893 Mark; 81
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
POLITICAL CARDS.
F0n ~. oH.
Il EIDMUND II. FRAZER .
subjkct 10 the Nomination OF the Demo.
cratic Party OF Wilmington apf6-tn

NOR SHEhlFF.
Il To the Noters of New Castle County |:
Z GhNrLh MEN IL offer myself TO your
constellation as IL candidate for the Office
OF sheriff Of N W Castle county, subject to
the decision OF the Democratic Party.
pledgihg myself to support tie successful
nom iiiee. ia NJ ES X. COLLINS.
Ap2bquimmink I'D, April 9th, 1873.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

lrOR SHERIFF
II Tothe Democratic Voters OF New Cas-
County:
GeIltieme,,; Thankful for the support CIV
Ell me Rt the last nomination / again offer
myself as n candidate for the Democratic
nom ilhIion for sheriff of New Castle Coun-
ty, pleigins my support 70 the successful
nom nee. ROBERT e.. j USTIS.
janl+d8 wins
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

n. B-Branch Store in Middletown in
Town Hall with Johnson Bros.
apiGtJyld&w V. h. H.. Prop'r.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

n OIlCE.-The following named gentle
~ mei. having compiled with the reso-
lution OF the Democratic County Com nit
zee, OF March 18th, 1873, are hereby endorsed
py aulhorlty OF said Com mmittee, as candi-
dates 1or sheriff and Coroner, al the com
ing nomination election,
FOR SHERIFF.
James R. Collins.
John Pyle.
Purnell j Lynch.
Robert Z. Justis.
Henry NJ, Barlow.
benjamin F. Townsend.
Francis Duggan.
Giles LamDson
William b. Mccoy,
Geo. G, Ward.
Charles f. Anderson
Francis T. Sav don.
Zachariah Gemmill.
John White.
FOR CORONER.
stephen ]. Gilbert.
Jesse James.
David Hughes.
Jacob Butz.
James A. Plunkett.
Hugh McGovern.
Martin Keogh
Andrew c. Alexander
DR.. Henry C. Snitcher.
Andrew McClain.
Edward H, Foster.
Andrew j. Brown,
Samuel y. A dams
Hugh Mclaughlin.
John 81. Enos.
James e. Barley.
Richard Grove.
wm. u. Mullen.
Thomas Grimes
Hugh MurFhy.
By order OF the Committee.
JOHN o'BYRNE, Oh airman.
'o"N H. HI, secretary. apeties
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
Jersey Preparing for Riots

by order of Gov. Mcclellan the Fourth
lJersey City Battery, exchanged their
Tour - lnch ritied cannon for six ~
FOUNDER Napoleons, and quantity of
canister shot and other ammunition was
served out, it is said in preparation for
Communisnc riots this summer.
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

Wistar's Balsam of Wild cba,,,
Wistar's Balsam of Wild Cbo %
Wistar's Balsam Of Wild Ch@ry CChh@rryI
Wistar's Balsam Of Wild Chy' hesry'
Wistar's Balsam of Wild CbSr. o,,
For Coughs and Colds 'Ne'fy
For Coughs and Colds
For Coughs and Colds
USE WISTAR'S RArc,,
USE WISTAR'S RAIS;At3N
C0E loIAk'S BALSAM
Ui vi Mild Cher
Oi ~ Miid Ch-u
For Sore Throat "iiu hen
For Sore Throat
For Sore Throat
USE WlSTAR'S BALSANt
USE WISTAR'S BAISaW
USE WISTAR'S BAIS1W
Of Wild Chr
VI Wild Chgn
FOR Hoarseness and Croup 'A''
For Hoarseness and Croun
For Hoarseness and Croun
USE W1STAR'S BAISAN
USE WISTAR'S BALSAW
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
or Wild Cher,
or Wild Cherr
For Whooping Cough ''' OleFf
For Whooping Cough
For Whooping Cough
USE W1STAR'S RAIS,u
USE WISTAR'S BAISaM
USE WISTAR'S BAISaW
OF Wild Cher
OF Wild Chelf
For. Asthma and Influenza
For Asthma and Influenza
For Asthma and Influenza
USE W1STAR'S BAISAN
USE W1STAR'S BALSAW
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
or Wild Cher
OF Wild Cherl
For Bronchitis and Consumption
For Bronchitis and Consumntion
For Bronchitis and Consumntion
USE WlSTAR'S BAISAN
USE WISTAR'S BALSAW
USE WlSTAR'S BALSAM
OF Wild Cns1
OF Wild CLq1
For Pain in the Side and Breast
For Pain in the Side and Breast
For Pain in the Side and Breast
USE WISTAR'S BALSAN
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
OF Wild CheH
OF Wild Cler
,,n OF Wild Chrn
For Difficulty of Breathing
For Difficulty of Breathing
For Difficulty of Breathing
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
USE WISTAR'S BALSAW
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
Of Wild Chen
OF Wild Cherr
For Liver Complaint
For Liver Complaint
For Liver Complaint
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
OF Wild Chert
of Wild Cheri
Of Wild Chert
FOR ALL DISEASES of the
FOR ALL DISEASES of the
For ALL DISEASES of the
Throat, Lungs and Chest,
Throat, Lungs and Chest
Throat, Lungs and Chest.
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
USE W1STAR'S BALSAM
USE WISTAR'S BALSAM
OF Wild CheH
Of Wild Cher1
OF Wild CheH
soc. AND 81 A BOTTLE.
5Oc. AND 81 BOTTLE.
JOc. AND 81 BOTTLE.
Sold by all Drl.rst
Sold by all Dru..lS
my9-1m Sold by all Druggst
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18

DOR SALE.-Three Duliuing lots Oh
G Jackson street, between 9Th and 7th.-
Five building lots on Fifth street near Van
Buren,, four on Front street near jackson
and a lot II feet front OH Delaware Avenue
sear Harrison. A . ,lY at this office. mart
The daily gazette., 1878-05-18
NOTICES..

NJ OTICE.---First Series Stock IN the
IN Equitable Loan A Association," for
sale at IS per share. Apply to
ID. Il. HAWKINS, Secretary.
mayl4-5t
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
New Advertisements.
SheriR''s sale.

''an''' vs. 3 " Court mp OFF Of Bossier Parish,
Mrs H. P. Dickson La
Dy virtue of writ of fieri facias issued IN
ID the above named suit, and to me direct
ed have seized and will proceed to sell at pub
lie auction to the last and highest bidder. at
the Court House. in the town of Bellevue, La,
within the legal hours of sale, on the first
Saturday, the 4th day of January, 1879, the
following described lands, to-wit:
East half of northwest quarter and north
half of northeast quarter OF section II, town
ship2l, range IL; and northwest quarter, and
north half of northeast quarter, lots and b.
section -, and 3 and northwest quarter Ct
southwest quarter and southeast quarter OF
northwest quarter, and west half of northeast
quarter of section q; lots 2, 3, 4, and 6, and
south half of northwest quarter, west half OF
southwest quarter, north half OF southeast
quarter and southwest quarter of northeast
quarterof section %; lots l, 5, s and 8 and east
half of northeast quarter and southeast quar-
ter of section 80; lets7, 8 and 8, and south hall
of southeast quarter of section %, north half Of
southwest quarter of section 81 lots and 3
and south half of southeast quarter Of section
%; section 81 and lot 3 of section 49, township
%, range H. a
All of said property found in the parish o.
Bosser-contilining in all $50 acres, more OF
less--and to be sold to pay and satisfy said
writ-say the snm of 1880, and all costs.
Terms of Sale-Cash, with the benefit Of
appraisement.
J. b. ONEAL, Sheriff
Per c. A Devereux, Deputy.
Bellevue. La, Nov. d, 1878, lpr's cost$l6
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
Parochial.
Succession Sale.

Succession Of j.. Bryan, deceased. 4
Dy virtue Of ali order issued from the Parish
- Court of Webster Parish, LonisiaI.s.
will offer for sale at public ontcry, on the
premises herein described, adjoining the late
residence of j. Bryan, deceased. on Tuesday,
December the 18th, 1873, the following de-
scribed lands, belonging to said succession,
Situated in Bossier parish, to-wit: sg
The southeast quarter Of section twelve. and
northeast quarter. and east half of northwest
quarter, and southwest quarter OF northwest
quarter, and west half of southwest quarter
OF section thirteen, and southeast quarter Of
section fourteen; all in township II, range
eleven, in BUssier parish.
The sale to be in lots of 40 acres
Terms of Salc-Casli, ift the appraisement is
bid. Ii the appraisement is not bid, then the
same to be offered and sold at same time and
place on twelve months credit the purchaser
to give his note with approved personal seeur-
ity and vendor 8 lein and mortgage on the land
to be retained to secure the purchase price.
--asfs 1ss9 s. s. BRYAN, Administrator.
November IA, 1873. [pr's fee So
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
SIleEi6's Sale.
Thomas Poland sa aAsa
VS. No. 220.
Mrs. Hannah T.. Dickson.

In District Court OF Bossier Parish, La.
Dy virtue of a writ of seizure and sale issued
Lin the above named suit, and to me directed
Ihave seized and will proceed to sell at public
auction to the last and highest-bidder, at the
Court House, in the town of Bellevue, La ,
within the legal hours of sale, on the first
Saturday, the 7tb day of December, 1873. the
following described property, towit: seA
Half interest in 4S ba es of cotton in seed,
and 800 bushels of corn. 4s ase
Will also sell on the first Saturday. the 4th
LAY Of January, 1879, the following described
lands, to-wit s%
East half of northwest quarter and north
half OF northeast quarter OF section II, town
ship y range Ia; and northwest quarter, and
North half of northeast quarter, lots 3 and 6,
section y, and 3 and northwest quarter Of
southwest quarter and southeast quarter Of
quarter dissection III; lots 2, 5, 4, and 6, and
south half of northwest quarter, west half Of
southwest quarter, north half Of southeast
quarter, and southwest quarter of northeast
Iharterofsectl0n %; lots IS, 6and 5 and east
half of northeast quarter and southeast quar-
ter of section 81; lots 7, s and 8, and south
halfof southeast quarter of section %; north
| half of southwest quarter of section 3; lots
and 3, and south half of southeast quarter oil
section %; section 50 and lot 3 of section 80
| township 49, range IA. rs a5 -,,s-s.5
All of said property found in the parish OF
Bossier, and to be sold to pay and satisfy said
writ-say sum of $500 %, interest and al
costs. i.f Gs1a
/ Terms of Sale-+7 Cash, with the benefit o
appraisement. ...sss.5,.
| Per CfiAs. A. DEyEkEtfx, Deputy
November 81, 1878. Iprs fee sic
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
3 SPECIAL NOTICE.

. Our friends, when visiting Shreve-
port to make their purchases of
Winter Goods, would do themselves
injustice as we'll as injury, were they
to neglect visiting the oldest Dry
Goods House, that of RAPHAEL
KAHN s. Co., whose stock is now
complete in all departments. z
These gentlemen now offer to the
inspection of the public the largest
and finest stock ever seen in this
section, consisting of DRY GOODS,
Fancy Goods, Cloaks, Carpets, Mat
tings and Rugs asa 3
5 Also, a full stock of fine and cheap
CLOTHING, Gents furnishing Goods,
Boots, Shoes and Hats, which can.
not fail to please everyone.
All their goods are marked down
to hard time prices. A call on this
Old Reliable House will convince
every one that they can get better
value for their money at Kahn's
than anywhere in Shreveport.
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
Sheriff7s Sale.
Chas schonfeldt No 6!5.

Chas Schonfeldt > No SIS.
vs. In Parish Court, Of
Hannah +. Dickson. Dossier Parish, La
Dy virtue Of writ of fieri facias issued in the
ID above named suit, and TO me directed,
have seized and will proceed to sell at pub
lie auction, to the last and highest bidder, at
the Court House in the town of Bellevue, La,
within the legal hours of sale, on the first
Saturday, the7th day of December. 1875 the
following described property, to-wit:
Half interest in So ,O00pounds of seed cotton.
Said property fonnd in the parish Of Bos-
sier, La. and seized to be sold to pay and sat
isfv said writ-say the sum Of $3.50 90, and
all costs Eaf
Terms of Sale Cash with the benefit of ap-
lraisement. j. b. ONEAL. Sheriff.
Per CIIAs A. DEyEREsUx, Deputy
November 81, 1873 fprs fee 81
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
The conauestof Mexico effected by

The conquestof Mexico effected by
the extension of railroads will cause
Germany, France and England to
lose the commercial mastery of Mex
leo, secured mainly by the owner
ship of the Vera Cruz and Mexican
railway, and a degree of prosperity
dawns upon America rendered even
more splendid by the motionless,
impenetrable gloom that overhangs
European commercial capitals
A ustin Statesman.
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
Sherif,s Sale.

Florsheim Bros. } No. =. In Parish
H. yS. Court OF BOsSier
Mrs. Hannah p Dickson. Parish, La
Dy virtue of writ Of fiera facias issued in
ID the above suit, and tn me directed, have
seized and will proceed to sell at public aic-
ton, to the last and highest bidder. at the
Court house, in the town of Bellevue, La
within the legal hours of sale, on the fifth
Saturday. the 3Oth day of November, 1873,
the following described property, to wit:
Half interest in about twelve bales seed cot
ton. .84f.s ss5fe3 ~
Said property on the plantation of defendant
in Bossier parish, and to be sold to pay and
satisfy said writ. ts
Terms of Sale--Cash, with benefit of ap
praisement. H 4f3s saa
j. b. ONAAL, Sheriff, -
Per c. A. DEvEREUx, Deputy
Bellevue, November IA, 1873. Ipr's fee 81
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
MARRIED.:

On the 2Ist instant, at the residence of Mr..
E. NJ Piatt, in this parish, by the Rev. j. A.
Hackett, Mr.. E. G. Hinkle and Miss Anna
Henrietta Wells.
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28

George NJ. Robson, the l,rofigate
and MISUNDERSTANDING Of the navy,
under Grant, goes to Congress from
New Jersey.
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28

A sfour-acre orange grove in Or,
ange county, Fla, has realized 81
200 for three successive years.
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28
BELLEVUE, la,
THURSDAY, :::::::;::November %, 1873.

The country has a hundred and
twenty millions of bushels of wheat
to export this year. -n y. =
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28

According to a salesman of expe-
rience in one of the largest houses
in that city. the average New York
woman wears 81 shoe. nnas
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28

The Arizana, Claiborne parish,
cotton factory will be sold at Sher-
if s sale ON the 21st of December.
The factory cost about 100000. -
The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1878-11-28

Thanksgiving Day was originally
adopted by the Puritans as an off
set to the Christmas Of the Catho-
lie Church, which they declined to
keep. It was opened as a religious
festival throughout New England
from its first settlement. and was
long peculiar to- that locality, from
which it spread into tile middle and
Western States, not being observed
at the North. In 1862, Mr.. Lincoln
appointed the day as a national fes.
tival, and since then it has been ma.
tional. tits usually called upon the
fourth Thursday of November, as
that was the custom in New Eng
land.
rE-.