davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30


The levy is the same as last year, viz: 123
cents on the 800 of the assessed value of
personal and real estate, and 80 cents poll
tax on each tithable.
DR.. Robert S. Hamilton, Superintendent
of Public Free schools for the county, APP
tax of ten cents ON the 500 for District
purposes, and like tax Of ten cents for
county free schools be levied. AS the levy
heretofore has only been 8 cents for these
purposes, and the Board not having time to
consider the subject, it was postponed until
the next meeting.
The Board. after an examination of the
books OF the commissioners as to the num-
Der and assessed value OF horses, cattle,
sheep, and hogs in Augusta county. finding
that said values were very nearly uniform,
approved them as follows
Beverly Manor-No. of horses, ll56; value,
$5S,765. Cattle, 2046; value, $34,112.
Sheep, 1,1l6; value, s3,0sS. Hogs, 2,O44;
SOB.
North River-No. of horses, 1913; value,
$3.50. Cattle, 1868; value, $5S,625
Sheep, 1865; value, s4,9s4. Hogs, 4,o72
value, $ll,6l3.
Middle River-No. OF horses, 1852 value.
$lO5, 23O. Cattle, 4,2l4; value, 1854
Sheep, 1000; value, s4,179. Hogs, 1876
value, sl4.55s.
South River-No. OF horses, 1920; value
$4,000. Cattle, $500; value, 1858,
Sheep, 2,o69 value, $685.. Hogs, Alb
value, $l2,l10.
Riverheads-No of horses, 1881 value
$4,000. Cattle, 2,756; value, $45, $50
Sheep, 1856; value, $4,000. Hogs, 1892
value, sl1,2O5.
Pastures-No. of horses, 9l3; value, $44,
277. Cattle, 3,64s value, s40,l06. Sheep
1875; value, 5000. Hogs, 2,279; value
$5,s7s.
A few small account against the count
were presented and approved.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

STRAWBERRY FEsTIvAL.-There will
be- a strawberry festival given at the Grange
Hall on Thursday evening the 9th of June
for the benefit of Mission Chapel, No. 2. 1t
will be under the management Of the La
dies OF the Methodist congregation, and it
is hoped there will be a general attendan ce
on the occasion.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

A first class lunch counter has been es-
tablished at Virginia Hotel bar, James NJ.
Wilson, manager.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30
Linen suits very cheap at Levy Bros.

Our friend, Jos. P. Asst, has favored us
with delicious steak, cut from fine and
superb beef, such as he generally butchers.
We have been purchasing meats from Mr..
Asst for several years, and never be,n fur
nished with an Indifferent roast or steak
In fact Joe deals on the square.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Take Ayers Sarsaparilla to purify your
blood and purge out the humols, pimples,
boils and sores which are merely emblems
of the rottenness within.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

The many friends of DR.. Il. w. Shelton
will be pleased to learn that his health has
been sufficiently restored to enable him to
be on the street.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30
The Richmond Bread Riot Again.
From the Lexington Gazette.l


Lieut.. Heber Ker, now resident Of Staunton.
va was Ist Lieutenant of the Public Guard, at
the time the famous Bread Blot occurred IN tne
citv of Richmond. When Capt. Dimmock was
appointed Colonel Of Ordinance. Lieutenant Gay
was made Captain Of the Public Guard, and Mr..
Ker was made Lieutenant in place OF Gay pro-
NOTED. Both were on duty the day the riot took
place. and aetlyeiya IN It's snp
ont in the morning until order was restored, and
they directed to return to the armory. ,
Captain Gay is now dead, and 80 1ar a, as !! know
the 1 Guard Of that day, now living. who can
speak on this question. Lieutenant Ker Is q
graduate of the Virginia Military Institute, OF
irrsproachable character, and fine capacity, and
having taken part in quelling the riot he writes
of facts occurring nnder his own eyes, and OF
which he was bound to take notice.
The statements Of Col. French M as Jenkins 1tnnt
session Of the public, leave the public to form
iheir own opinion Of the part performed by the
everal actors.
fu
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

The ENTERpIsE.-Any person sending
name and address to Hoge & Ker, Staunton,
Va, will receive a copy of the Enterprise,
free,
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

The american Agrieu9turist for June
Orange Judd Company, $40 Broadway
N. Y, publishers, has been received. AS
usual. it is ed with interesting and in-
sfrIctive reading.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

japanese fans only Sc at Levy Bros.
Pique bonnets for babies at Levy Bros.
Boys straw hats at Levy Bros.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

A STRIKE.-The hands employed by
Messrs. Mason Sc Hoge, at the coal fields
they are operating in West Virginia, on the
lire of the Chesapeake & Ohio r. R.,
are Oh strike, because the black
smith was discharged by the propri-
etors. The strike has lasted for a
month, the employees demanding that the
blacksmith be taken back, and the proprie-
tors refusing to comply.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Hot Coffee, Spring Chicken, Sandwiches,
Soups, Stews, &C., at Virginia Hotel Lunch
Counter.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30
THE MOTHER GOOSE ENTERrA1N

Last Friday night, the Town Hall was
crowded to witness the Mother Goose en-
tertainment given by the ladies of the ''Lu-
ther Aid'' and "Von Bora" Societies, of
the Lutheran Church. OF course curiosity
was on tlptoe to find out just what would De
the character of the entertainment, and in
what it would resemble the nursery deity
for which it was named. Promptly at the
hour, the curtain rose and after an excellent
piano solo by Prof. Hamer, and an exquisite
duet by Mrs. Baker and Miss Cora Turner,
the scene over which Mother Goose presid-
ed, was presented, disclosing the old dame on
the side of the stage, whilst opposite was the
famous shoe with its army of liliputians.-
There was also pantomime of the 'sSpi1er
and the fly, (which was most excellently Civ
en-. But the chief charm of the evening was
the artists gallery. showing some hal:-doz-
en- beautiful pictures. These appeared in
frames hanging around the wall, into which
the faces of some of the young ladies and
gentlemen of the Church were inserted. It
was almost impossible to tell that they were
not works of art, and many could not be-
lieve that they were living, breathing figures.
The music which interviewed the different
parts was most enjoyable, as were also the
delicious eatables served by the members of
the societies.
Quite a handsome sum was realized
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Virginia Hotel bar is drawing two kinds of
beer Though that celebrated Arctic Bohe-
ian pump.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Any one wanting repairs for the Unior'
Hubbard CT Sprague Mower, can get The
same by calling at Price & Miller's.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

by calling at the Va Hotel bar, you can
getthe Bergner & Engle and Milwaukee beer
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

An active and energetic man wanted to
canvass the county. of Augusta. Apply to
may3O-3t NJ, E, MILLER & BRO.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

For nice glass OF lager, drawn from
Arctic Bohemian, call at Va. Hotel.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

New, Neat, Nobby, Virginia Ho-
tel counter.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30
LOCAL

Pearman is selling delicious Strawberries
at % cents per gallon.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

~ LAstAasASis not easily earned in these times
NSgys it, siiRs s91ss a
V 4 part of the country who is willing
to work steadily at the employ
ment that we furnish. 500 per
week in your own town. You need not be away
from home over night You can give your whole
time to the work. or only your spare moments.
We have agents who are making over 500 per
day, All who engage in it can make money fast.
At the present time money can not be made so
easily and rapidly at any other business It costs
nothing to try tAe business. Terms and IS outfit
land. Maine July l9-1y
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Ladies' and Misses straw hats at Levy
Bros.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Mr.. Worshaln, the noted faro dealer, OF
Richmond, died last Saturday.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

For a first class lunch call at Virginia lIo-
tel Eating Counter.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

The finest strawberries in town can be
found at Pearman's, for % cents per gallon.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30
List of Letters Remaining In the Post OF
flee at SSauntOn, Augusta County, Va.
MAY 30 1879
LADIES.


a., LA DIES.
Anderson Carrie Monroe, Mrs Caroline
Baker, Miss Fannie ORork, Daniel
Crawford, Mrs Perry, Miss Bette
Con)ey, Miss Lottie (2) Perkins, Mrs C
Carter. Miss Louisa Powell, Mrs Laura
Evel1ng, Mrs Powell Miss Mary w
Grove Miss Virginia Payne Mrs Mary
Graves, Miss L Rohrer, Mrs Annie
Greene, Mrs Rebecca Robbeson Miss Fannie
HUMPHREYS, Miss Nan Robertson, Miss Juliet
Hunter Miss Winnie Reynolds, Mrs Patsy
johnson, Mrs L Smailes, Miss Becca
Lowens. Miss Lucy Smith. Mrs VA
Lewis, Mrs Lizzie Sheets, Miss M
Lewis, Mrs Maggie Tyree. MIS- Eliza
Mitchell. Miss Ada Talifarro, Miss Mary NJ
Mckee, Miss G Thompson, Mrs
GEN,CLE MEN.
Bradford, Johnson. Walker
Burner, VIM. Lyon, +
Croft, Jacob Low, John
Dickerson, Alex Layton, M
Chiles, Isaac Lamb, VIM
Fry, M Madison, Jas w
Ferreter, T C Smith, Thomas
Gambling, Taylor, w w
Harris, Charles 7 Watson. Ado
Harris, EGG Wood, Chas
HOpley, Wallace, john
Hargrave, VIM.
The above letters If not called for within thirty days
will be sent to the dead letter Office. Persons call
ing for them will please say that theyare advertised
8. NJ. YOST. P. NJ.
UNAVAILABLE letters remaining in Staunton p. 0
May 30, 1873
Andrews. w. L. Asylum, Staunton, Va
Yellow envelope with no address
Mrs Mary Hill, 10 west 18th Street
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30
CLOSING EXERCISES OF THE sHENAN

CLOSING EXERCISES OF THE SHENAN-
DoAH SEMINARY. DAYTON, VA.-Exami-
nation OF classes, Friday, Tuesday and
Wednesday, June, 7, IL, -. Annual Ser
mon by Bishop J. J. Glosbrenner. Monday
morning, June 10th, at l0a O'Clock. Ad-
dress before the Lit. Societies by Rev. J. w.
Hott. of Ohio, Tuesday evening June IL, at
O'Clock, with original productions by
members of the Societies. Literary Enter
tainment by the Rhetorical Glasses, We'd
nesday and Thursday evenings, June - and
Is at o'clock.
Examining Committee: Rev. j. X. Mel
son, Rev. W. c. Grimm, VIM. B. Wheeler,
Rev. w. T. Price, Ed. John Coffnan, Rev.
J. E. Holt.
Full programmes of each evening will be
distributed to the audience.
CHURCHES SUNDAY.-In the Lutheran
Church Rev. S. P. Hughes, Of South Caro-
| lima, preached morning and evening.
In the LIST Presbyterian church, the Rev.
j. W. Rosebro, pastor Of Messy Creek
church. preached In the morning and at
night an interesting sermon was delivered
by Rev. W. D. Morton, of Ky. The Sac
rament of the Lords supper was administer
ed in the morning and thirteen additions
were made to the membership-three by
profession of faith and ten by certificate.
In the Baptist church the morning SER
vice was substituted by the annual business
meeting. A deficiency of about $3.50 was
reported by the treasurer, and subscrip-'
ton Of $46S.5 so was Immediately taken up,
thus in one morning clearing the church en-
tirely of debt. At night DR.. Manly preach
ed and one person was baptised.
Services in the Methodist church were
conducted by Rev. w. A. Harris, and in
the other churches by their respective pas
| tors.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Linen suits for ladies at Levy Bros.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Farmers think their wheat is net Mucll
injured.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

25c will buy gallon of delicious straw
berries at Pearman'S
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

MEETING OF THE BOARD OF SUPER
vIsoRs.-Last Monday and Saturday the
Board of Supervisors met and proceeded to
lay the County levy. There were present
John Paris, Chairman, w. Il. Rush, Fl. B.
Seig and VIM. Crawford.
From statement obtained from the Com
missioner's books, and furnished by the
Clerk, it was ascertained that the assessed
value of real and personal property in the
County was $ll, 1856, $50. and that the num-
Der of tithables was 5,5l6. Upon this basis
the Board proceeded to lay the levy for the
present year, as follows
Geo. w. Fauber. Supt Poor House. ...... $500 90
For support of poor outside Poor House 6UO OC
For burial OF pauperS outside Poor House 400 w
Commissioner OF the Revenue. 675 0C
Road services, land damages, &C.,. $500 90
Salaries to county Of1cers-Judges $40,
Commonwealth Attorney $500. Clerk
$3.50. Sheriff 1925, Board OF Supervisors
$3.50, Clerk of Board $50, Commissioner
Public Buildings $50 25O5 O(
Stationary for county and circuit officers 140 OC
Election service (Nov 1879 ............. 325 O(
Jury service, circuit and county court. 800 0G
Registration 100 90
Fuel circuit court IS OF
Rent Law Library. so Or
wood, and ice for courthouse $3.50. Jos OF
Treasurer. for stationary and painting. l25 0t
For building new barn at Poor House,. 1870 OF
Contingent expenses Observation-Disclosures. 4l2l II
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Cabbage at Yeagers'
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1878-05-30

Orders from the country will receive prompt
and special attention. and those amounting to SIS
and upwards will be returned to the nearest de-
pot free OF charge. Address,
JAMES w. NEWTON,
may 2-3m Lock 81, Staunton, Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

CAN'T GET OFF THE SUBSEQUENTLY re-
members Sidney Smiths confession that he
could never, without certain ave. see Sarah
Siddons at table stab the potatoes with her
thrilling fork, and also Walter SCOTS am,lse-
Ment at hearing her blank-verse defamation to
the servant
81 asked for water, boy; you've brought me
beer:' Most actresses resemble SddOns In their
mental fncapacity ever to get off the stage.
Their professional life is so apt to absorb them
that they really have no other. II artists In the
theater, they are pretty certain to be artifi-
cialists out of it, 1t is especially so with French
actresses. Sarah Bernhardt is described in a
restaurant at late breakfast, after coming
from rehearsal at the Francois, as eating very
much as she plays Phedre or PEtrangere. She
poses with her bit Of bread, and makes tab
leau with her glass OF wine: She treats her
grapes as If each purple globe was her lover
She regards her salad tragfcally, and carries it
to her lips with grand sweep Of her slenderly
graceful arm. She enters with the port OF q
queen; she goes out with a stately stride, as Ii
she were bent on drawing thunderOuS plaudits
after her. So other actresses, domestic as well
as foreign. Their private life, II they can be
said TO have any. is but continuation OF their
dramatic life. But, then, the greatest actresses
are not, and never have been, on the stage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14
SLfS DE X,
xhisper woke Tie air

whisper woke Tie air
A soft. ltxht tone. and low
ret barbed with shame ard woe:
Now. might t only perish there,
No farther 20.
An. me- a quick and eager ear
Caught up the little moaning sound,
ARCther voice hath bEeajhel Il c ear,
And 20 II wanders round.
Pr M ear To lip. from Up To- ear,
Until II reached q ReIltle heart,
And That hTCse'
u was the only heart IL found,
i he only heart twas meant to hnd,
When first its accents SOEet
II reach Il that tender heart ST last,
And that il broke
Low as il seemed 20 other ears,
Itc.me thunder crash to hers
That fragile GIRL so fair and gay,
That Sule lesS gITi. 50 pare ard true.
lis SAID a lovely humming- bird,
That in fragrant Lily lay.
And dreamed the summer morn away,
Was killed iy but . guns report
Some idle boy had fred in sport,
The very sound death was.
And thus her happy heart. that bea.
With love and hope. so fast and sweet
fShrined IN IL lily. too;
For who the maid that knew
Bat owned the delicate, fOwer-l:ke grace
OF her young form and faCe.)
Nhsn first that word her light heart heaTl,
IL fiuttered lise frightened bird,
Then shut its wings and si2hed,
AID with silent shudder-dled,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

fortune) His hands are as white as yours
now. but he's had them in the tar-bleSet many
day, and done some right smart jobs of tar
ring down. You ought 70 get him TO tell the
story Of his life to your boys: 'twould do EN-
good and your girls. too. for that matter. Folks
used to cali him poor Tim, but now they call
him Mr.. Gale and touch their hats to him
He's the patron of his own family ana pattern
to all our boys. Good morning. sir.
And the captain walked away. leaving the
merchant mIlSinc at the moor EnfOrtunate.n
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

az Russia is accommodating vast quantities
pounds of quinine were lately sent from Eng
land la one shipment.
az Richard Olmstead wandered away from a
hunting camp in the AdIrondacks, got lost, and
a week afterward was found dead, having
overcome with fright and fatigue, for he had a
gun and ammunition, and game was plenty, so
that there should have been no lack OF food.
E-Samuel Claywell, aged &c, dropped dead
In his house in DanSville on Monday last OF
heart diSeafe. His son, 81 years Of age, who
was chOpping in the woods mile or two away,
was notified, and started for home, but had
gone scarce quarter the way when he too, fell
dead
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14
BOOTS AND SHOES.

GREAT BARGAINS
THIS WEEK.
500 airs Boys and Misses School Shoes, 75.-ss.
50. 81. Sci
2oo Ialrs Mems and Boys Caters Sl25y
worth 50. -
100 pairs Gents fine Caters, s. worth So
100 airs Ladies' Peb. Goa; Button, 81. so, worth
$40. $500
1877 PAIRS ladies' Curraco Kid Baton worked holes
$3.50, worth S225
tuil stock Ladies' and Gents RUbbers, at The low
est cash prices.
Pair JUsths Heel Protectors given in, A
j. W. SELBY'S.
1914 and 1916 Penna. arenue,
decl3tr Between 10Th and 10Th streets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

RA white dove alighted on the hearse as
funeral procession was moving through the
streets Of Turner's Falls, Mass, the other day.
tEA young of1icer thought to puzzle the edi-
tor Of LIE Figaro by asking him when two men OF
equal age and rank met which should be the
more polite Of the two.'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

CNOW.WHITE BREAD
- WIN be guaranteed you use
CERES,
The handsomest Minnesota Patent Flour In the
District, or,
Sterlimo's st. Losis Fancy Potent,
most beautiful Winter Wheat Flour, or
GOLDEN HILL.
The well-known Standard Family Flour Of the Dis.
trict- It il better than 1t ever was, and makes
Rolls and Bread q light and q
white g the driven snow.
The abovenamed FloufD can be bought # apy
6rstclass Grocery Store
WHOLESALE DEPOT,
corner 1sT 6IREHx AID INDIANA AvKNuK
oct2Sm WIN. n GAIT 90.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

WANTQ-Xoe . know that arseola0 $40
W ON0HAND SUIT = better and chsaPR thaz
Old Btand. No el0 D 1treek, BETWEEN On an III
Strsets NORTHWEST or Branch Store, 10. Z 4 81
11ge<la0 Second hand QotAnG. G0o0 , nal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14

COUNTY WITHOUT 4 DRAM-SHoP.-The III
habitants Of Edward county, H., do not sup
port any temperance societies or temperance
lecturers, or spend their time talking about
temperance. They decided 25 years ago that
no liquor should be sold in the county. and since
that day they have sent but one person TO the
penitentiary. and he committed crime while
drunk with whisky procured in an adjoining
county; they support but two or three pauperS.
and their jail is empty most OF the time. Their
counties and their terms of court occupy three
days in the year, while their tax rolls show that
they return more property than any other
case where the minority cannot complain OF
any invasion OF private right, for the people are
unanimously opposed to license under any cir
cumstances. Families seek the locality, coming
from other parts OF the state as a good place to
bring up their children. When confronted with
the STATISTICS OF this model county, even old
tolers admit there Is something In it-but 1t
aser- Press
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-12-14
Lake Dwellings.


From the mass of data which has been col
lected, DR.. Keller gives very clear accOu mt o
the general form OF lake settlements, and of the
different varieties under which they may be
claSSed. AS to the SubStructure, first of all OF
pile dwellings, which are by far the most nu-
merOuS In the lakes Of Switzerland and Upper
Italy. Piles OF various kinds of wOod-Some-
times split, but in general mere stems with the
bark on. Sharpened sometimes by fire, some
times by stone hatchetS or celtS, and in later
times by tools OF bronze and probably of iron
were driven into the shadows OF the lakes, pro-
vided they were not rocky, at various distances
from the shores. Sometimes the piles were close
together, sometimes wide apart. On the level
tops of the piles were laid the beams, which
were sometimes fastened by wooden pins and
sometimes let into mortiSeS cut in the heads Of
the piles. Sometimes the vertical piles were
strengthened by cross timbers below the plat
form beams. Generally the platform itself
consisted OF one or two parallel layers, and
was of very rude structure. though sometimes
the stems were split and Joined together with
some approach TO accuracy. The distance from
shore seems to have varied considerably; but it
is curious that when lake dwelling had been
Inhabited both In the stone and bronze
ages. that part evidently used in the bronze
deeper in the lake than that which be-
longs TO the age OF stone. Otherwise, nearly
the same mode of construction prevailed In the
pile dwellings, during the age OF stone bronze,
ana iron. In some cases, at least, there is evil
dence that the dwellings were connected with
the shore by. a narrow platform or bridge,
y
seen that artificial elevations were made on the
bed OF the lake by piles OF stones brought in
boats; one Of these boats still loaded with
stones, Is to be seen at Peters Island, on the
Lake of Bienne The stones must have been put
down after the piles had been driven more U
less deeply into the mud: Certain forms, known
as frame-ple dwellings, have been found in the
Lake OF Zurich In this form the piles. instead
OF having been driven into the mud OF the lake
had been fixed by mOrtlse and tenon arrange
ment into split trunks, lying horizontally on the
bottom OF the lake, evidently when the mud
was more than usually soft. Another form OF
these ancient habitatiOns has been designated
faScine dwellings. Instead Of a platform sup-
ported on series OF piles. Dr.. Keller tells us
these erectiOns consisted Of layers OF sticks Oh
small stems of trees built up from the bottom OF
the lake till the structure reached above the
water-mark, and on this series OF layers the
main platforms for the hutS were placed In
these dwellings upright posts were used as stays
or guides for the great mass of sticks reaching
down TO the bottom OF the lake. FaScine dwell
lngs occur chiefly in the smaller lakes and be-
long 10 the stone age Nature.