The New York herald., 1878-11-11
L'lTALIA IRREDENTA.
THE NEW ITALIAN PARTY-ITS COMPOSITION,
AIMS AND POLICY DANGER TO AUSTRIA AND

Tor the purpose OF pubcaton precise information
to the composition of secret societies. and there
probably many persons who still believe that Lord
Beaconsfelds celebrated utterance to the part
cret societies playing in connection with the
affairs of Eastern Europe had foundation in fact.
Events. however. have proved that Lord peacons-
fields statement perfectly true Different authors
of books the subject OF Bulgaria-some friendly
to the Bugarians. like Mr.. Barkeley Others avowedly
hostile To them, like Captain Saint Clair of the
Rhodope Mountans-agree in saying that the Bulga-
rian insurrection which led to the notorious
massacres the work OF Bulgarian committees
sitting ut Bucharest with the Russian Consul at that
place laccording to Mr. Barkelcyl of the
bers The Bosnian ana Hcrzegovnan insnrrection.
together with the movement in Servia was in great
measure. the work OF secret society calling itself the
Omladina formed for the purpose Of promoting
South Slavonian interests in Hungary and in Turkey
The Eduos founded at Trieste. is intrusted with the
interest of the Savonans living the shores of the
Adratic while the Slavonic committees of Moscow.
st. Petersburg and Odessa Whose action has been
secret though tho committees professed to be public
assocations) have for the last three years made it
their business TO encourage 6isafection and promote
risings throughout the savonian provinces of Tur-
key. without excluding from their sphere OF opera
tions the Eastern or Rnthcnian portion of Galica.
'UNREDEEMED ITALY FOUNDERS.
the society of the Italia Irredenta. .'unredeened
Italy which may possibly enough come into col
lision with the Slayonic society of Triesa calling
self the Omladina Rejuycncscence for the Ednosi
has recently shown itself disposed support the
! Austrian govcrnnent-not for the sake OF German
interests, but in opposition to the projects Of the
Italians The fact that the Austrian invasion OF B0s-
mia accepted by the Italia Irredenta signal
the series of demonstrations in various parts of Italy
| would seem to show that the Italian
society is prepared to work with the Edn-
osti. which co-operates with the Onlladna,
which in its turn is assisted by the slavonic
committees OF Russia: and though they would
afterward fall out among themselves their ultimate
objects being by no means identical, il might for
time suit the "unredeemed Italians the South Slavo-
| MANS in their various branches and the Russian
| Pansavists to combine their and their
methods of action. Apart from the question of or
ganization not the claims Of the italia Irredena
have yet been set out. An Italian correspondent.
however of the Temps who has consulted official per-
sons, such Signori Carroll and Zanardcl and
leaders of the opposition such as Signor Crispi
| the subject and who has visited Naples, the head
quarters of the agitation. has from these various
sources collected some interesting particulars. The
association for recovering unredeemed Italy" was.
| at Naples by General Avczzana eighty
years Of age. This officer took part in the insrrcc-
to leave the country. In simplicity. good faith and
perfect dsntercsedncss he is said to resemble Carl
baldi. He is comparatiyly moderate in his opinions
| and maintains even now the most friendly personal
relations with Carroll and Zanardclli His secretary
is Signor Imbriani whose brother follower of Carr
baldi, killed in 1871 under the walls of Dion.
Sgnor Imbrani. who il about forty years OF age has
| from the beginning been tho right of General
Ayezzana in founding and directing tho society which
had for its nucleus group of enthusiastic
| young men belonging of course. to the extreme
party. sgnor imbriani is the secretary Of the
directing committee and tho principal moving power
in the association He resides at Naples with General
Avezzans but he has of late travelled about in all di
rcctons organizing and often presiding ut meetings
in favor of the Italia Irrcdenta 1t he who was
to have taken tle chair at tho important meeting Of
| which Rome the scene, had not Signori Carroll
and Zanardelli insisted strongly on this honor being
reserved for Mcnotti Garibadi. who was considered
less independent in regard to the Cabinet than the
attached persons belonging to the Ncapolitan group.
Mcnotu Gzribaldi maintains, indeed like his father.
that although The OF the Italia rrecnta is emf
ncny national one the time has not yet come for
taking up arms. His brother, General Garfbadi
holds the same opinion this point Menotti and
| the father.
| PROGRAMME OF THE PARTY
The Italia Irredenta made its first appearance in pub
ument raised to the victims cf Montana 1t was rep
resented on this occasion by Signor Imbriani. who
claimed the restoration of the Trentno and of Trieste
in presence OF Carroll and Zanardc ut that time SIM
pie Deputies and members of the committee for erect
ing the monument. Signor Carroll himself delivered
a speech on the subject treated by Sgnor Imbriani
but only to say that everything fell to those who
knew how to wait In April and May. 1878. the Italia
olution taken by the Republican Congress Of Rome TO
| adhere to the societys programme. Already how
ever. the geographical claims Of the Italia Irredenta
had given rise to disputes among the members.
of whom wished to absorb the whole of the Tyro the
summit of the Rhetic Alps. and all the Triestinc
| peninsula up to the crest OF the Julian Alps In
word the frontier of the Alps is what the advanced
| section of the association demands. According to
their view the limits of Italian territory should be-
on the side of the Rhetic Alps Meran. sterling and
Brunecken. and the side of the Julian Alps Idria
Adelsbcrg and Fiume. The party in general however.
ia less ambitious and would content itself with the
Italian Tyrol, properly called and the southern
portion Of the Triestne peninsula in which alone the
Italian element prevails. has occurred to the more
moderate members of the association that Germany
might have views in this quarter in order some day
| wish to avoid doing anything claiming nything
which might awaken the i'll will of that Power.
| rrs STRENGTH AND MODE or ACTION.
much for the origin and object of the association.
As for its strength and its mode of action the superior
committee of Naples is in the first place in CORE
| spondence with 900 directing committees whose ex-
istence. says the correspondent. has been demon
strated to me by written proofs. To each of these
aO directing committees y number Of sub-con.mitees
are attached the majority of these being established
in the centre of Italy Republican opinions are. above
all. represented in these groups; but the
and other Hembers-acions OF the old
| Bourbonist familics-who are anxious to strike
| blow for the national work Of reyndication. This.
| says the correspondent Is to be explained by the
fact that the and exclusive object of the Italia
lrredenta is the completion of Italy, and IL the
chy would undertake to obtain the rectification Of
frontiers demanded by the association ts republican
members would adjourn voluntarily and for indcf
mite time all questions OF their political opinions.
Az the method Of action the superior committee of
| Naples declares that it has confidence in diplo-
macy and that feels the necessity Of deciding ut
| once what other should be taken. II con
sidrrs that the favorable moment has not yet Gomez
! but that preparations should be at once made for
seizing the occasion when IL presents itself Accord
! ingy Garibaldi IL much occupied with propaganda
in favor of rifle clubs. which are to be- e.
| tablished everywhere Twenty clubs for rife
practice have already been formed at Garibaldi's
ommendation. Those who are too old to bear
support the clubs with money contributions but the
Italia Irredenta Is gradually forming shooting societies
whose members will one day constitute "A veritablc
| army Of skiu rinenlen and determined soldiers
Then IL is proposed that the Italia Irrelcnta shall
| throw upon some portion of the Anstro-Hungarian
territory three four thousand volunteers. who
to sacrifice their lives In order to raise the question.
1t is believed that the good disposition. in an Italian
point of view, of the populations of Trieste of the
1rentino and of the mountainous districts 1T Goritz
may be counted and choice will be made between
| these three points of attack
| WHAT III MAY LEAD
certain number Of Italian volunteers are known
to have made their appearance in Bosnia: but the idea
of attacking Austria wherever she may happen tn be
at war IL not approved b, the directing powers OF the
Italia Irrrdcna. II H. not however. principle. but
the ground Of it, being nopportune that the supc
rior committee objects to the enlisments which are
l.liIl l.1is.. ,Iifl