davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
Normal Schools.

The first normal school was founded in
1851 by the Able De la Sale, canon of the
cathedral at Reims, and sixteen years later a
teachers class was opened in connection with
an orphan school at Halle, the pupil-teachers
receiving two years training under the head
master, August Hermann Francke, under
whom the system developed surprisingly, and
soon received the invaluable support of Fred
enck the Great. Other. normal schools were
opened in Hanover, Austria, Switzerland,
France, Holland, Belgium, and, about forty
years ago, in Great Britain, whence they have
extended into nearly every civilized country.
The aims of the schools are well expressed in
the following extract of the Prussian law :
''The directors of teachers seninaries shall
rather seek to conduct the pupil-teachers by
their own experience to simple and clear prin-
ciples, than to give them theories for their
guidance; and with this end in view, pri-
mary schools shall he joined TO all teachers
seminaries, where the pupil teachers may be
practiced in the art of teaching" There are
now about $50 normal schools in Europe, the
British colonies, and British India, the latter
having 104.
Massachusetts, was the first State in the
American Union to establish normal schools,
of which there now are 1877, with over %, ,00O
pupils and over 1000 instructors, Ohio and
Pennsylvania each having twelve schools,
while New York State has nine, Illinois and
Missouri eight each, and Massachusetts seven
The largest number of pupils are in New
York, however, where there are 415S. The
necessity Of such schools needs no other en-
forcement than few statistics relating tC
education in the United States. Nearly
5000, 900 scholars are enrolled in the public
schools. Nearly 10000 are in attendance
daily, and about 231, 900 teachers are employ
ed, including $4,000 women. The amoun
expended annually upon this vast scheme
which seems almost fabulous, is about $92,
000, 900, and the Imagination is carried away
by the tremendous suggestiveness of the fig
ures.-[Wm. Il. Rideing, in Harper's Maga
zine for April.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21


THE latest returns as TO the naVies of
Europe.show that England had 14S ships in
commission, of which So are iron clads. Italy
had sc steamers, of which 16 were armor-
clad. France had 492 ships of war, of which
SO were iron clads. Russia had 223 men-of
war, including 90 iron clads. Germany had
SO war steamers, of which 20 are iron clads.
Austria 10 sailing ships, 81 war steamers, and
besides, IA iron clads. Spain had 81 steamers
including 10 iron clads and 8 sailing ships.
Sweden had IA iron clads, 35 other steamers,
seven sailing vessels and 81 gunboats and
floating batteries. The Netherlands had IS
steamers including II iron clads and 20 sail
ing vessels Portugal had "a steamers in
cluding three iron clads, and IS sailing ves-
sells.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
He'll.

Hosea Ballou and Lyman Beecher
met to compare Calvinism and Uni
versalism. Both were Bible men, and
each came armed with textual mis-
siles. After several apostolic blows
from each, shrewdly parried by the
other, DR.. Beecher opened to the ninth
Psalm, and read: 1.-THE wicked shall be
turned into hell, and all the nations
that forget God" "There, sir, the
wicked are in hell; get them out II you
can." Hosea BallOu, calm as a sum-
mer morning, pointing to the twenti-
eth chapter Of Johns Revelation, read:
death and hell delivered up the dead
which were in them" "There," said
Father BallOu, "they are out; get them
in again If YOU CAM
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
The Weekly American,
The Oldest, Most Reliable and
Cheapest
F.4.HILfNEWtS PAPER
INTHE WORLD.
The Paper for the People:

The WEEKLY AMERICAN is especially
adapted to the wants OF persons residing In
towns villages and the rural districts. Al
contains all the Important Editorials pub
lished in the Daily American. except those NJ
merely local Interest; together with SUNNI"
~ OF the Proceedings of Congress and The
slate LEGISLATURE, when IN session; Foreign
News, by cable and steamer. Local and Gener'
Al Intelligence.
Ils Agricultural Department is presided over
by q gentleman OF many years experiebc ce,
whose contributions and seasonable advice
will in q measure supply the need OF q jour
nal devoted TO the farm alone.
1t Produce and Market Reports are always
full and accurate, and embrace the latest
prices current OF Flour. Grain, Coal, Petrole-
am, Dry Goods, Fish, WHISKY, Leather. Lum-
ber, Tobacco. Groceries, and Provisions OF all
SORTS together with the Live Stock Marke..
and including receipts and sales of the week.
Its Literary Department contains Interest
ing Stories and Tales by the Best American
and English Writers. together with Poetry,
Humorous Selections add Miscellaneous Ar
ticles.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
OHIO.

Navigation on Lake Erie will COM
mence March 80.
The next Ohio Conferences will COM
menee at Lancaster August s, and con-
tinue about two weeks.
The Congregational Church steeple
at Mansfield was struck by lightning
on the 18th inst. Damage slight.
A farmer named Paul Berk, living
near Wapakonetts, fell from his wagons
saturday evening of last week, break
mig his neck.
A Mrs. Fisher, near Urbana, was
badly gOred by vicious steer which
was being driven past her premises.
The House PostOffice committee at
Washington have agreed to advance
$l00, 900 fur continuing the work on the
Cincinnati p0stOffice.
A rumber of photographs Of Scioto
connty people, taken from q dead SOL
dier's knapsaek, in 1865, have just beem
returned to the proper owners.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

not inclined to forget what -.e had done when
the elections of last year were coming on;
and there are men now on this floor who
courteously and tenderly, because of his
years, ability, and long service, wrote to his
people advising them to trust him again, and
expressing the belief that the scenes of 1876
would not be repeated. And on these as
surances he is here to day: here to-day to as
sail those who believe in redeeming the plight
ed promises of the nation.
On the issue he and his associates raise my
choice has long since been made 1t is an is
sue of such tIanscendent importance that it
may render all others absolute. 1t is the
struggle of honor against dishonor; of law
against anarchy; struggle in which the peace
and ssfety of both employer and employed,
Government and people, may be involved.
In such contest care not into what party
the issue lands me or in what company it
finds me; when it comes l shall stand with
the men who defend the money of the Con-
stitution and the faith of this country. Zap
plauseI And we cannot be moment too
soon in understanding the nature and designs
of those who are preparing the conflict.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

SPEAKING of the result of the election in
New Hampshire the New York Tribune says
that ''the Republican party is in no condi-
tion to tolerate sulking. If men like Mr.
VIM E. Chandler have, for any cause, kept
out of this campaign or away from the polls,
they have missed their purpose. They meant
to damage the Administration, but the chief
injury they have really wrought is upon the
Republican party ITSELF This is no time to
be holding out of the contest with view of
teaching anybody lesson. When the field
has been lost, it will profit no one who hopes
for political future, to be only able to up
braid his associates and say, & told you so.
New Hampshire does not show that the Re
publicans need to lose their power. 1t only
shows that either wing is able to show it
away"
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

THOMAS CH1TY has just died in London in
his seventy seventh year. ''Chitty'S Prac-
tice" is almost as well known as Blackstone,
and is consulted more. Chitty's legal career
began in 1919, nearly sixty years ago. He
was a bright, cheerful, kindly man, and was
much beloved by wide circle of acquaint
ances. He leaves son eminent in the pro-
fession, and q grandson who has just been ad-
mitted to the bar.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

there will be one of the largest crops
in the central and northern parts of
Brown county ever grown before in
one year. tits generally of good color,
and growing fast.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
TEACHERS EXAMINATIONS.
1877-Z6. A. >
Belmont County, Ohio.

second Saturday OF January, st. ClairsviIIe,
second Saturday of February, BridReport
second Saturday OF March, ST: ClairsTIIle. =
Fourth Saturday of March, Morristown.
second Saturday Of April, Barnesville.
First Saturday OF May, Martins Ferry.
Second Saturday of June, st. ClairsviiIe.
Fourth Saturday of June st. ClairBvtlle, '.i4
At close Of Institute in BelIaire
examinations begin at Q o'clock, Az.
Piomptness is expected.
Testimonials of character are needed II sp-
plcant Is not known to the Board, and certih-
cafes OF snccess in teaching are allowed theiZ
due weight. fCHAs. r. SEREvE
Ex. Board, r. ALEXANDER,
go, n. J MYABNELL.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
81 99 iss % ACRES,

yard, and the road leading fIom the east part
OF the farm. Said Farm Is well watered, and
has Dwelling and other necessary buildings,
also q good Orchard OF Fruit thereon.
! TRRAs-One-thirdi in hand, one-third In one
year and one-third In two years: with interest.
secured by mortgage. q. ]. SWANEY,
2-2l, '7S 5w. Ex'r Of John Turk, oec'd
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

A fearful shock of an earthquake was
felt at Columbus, KY, on the 18th. A
portion OF the Mississippi bank caved
In, leaving houses standing on the
edge Of the river.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

THR Winter Term of the Hopedale Normal
School will close, on Tnesday, March cad
The Term has been en- unusually pleasant
one, and the enrolment larger than 1t has
been for some time. The Spring Term win
begin on Tuesday, April 9th For circulars
address WN- BRnEKKRHoFF,
Hopedale, Harrison Co, o. !,
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

Taking the two periods, one inclu-
ding the war, and the other since, we
find the following ratios of increase,
viz:
Per cent. Per cent.
From 1857 TO 1867 10 so
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
Total
9,1I8,O91
We heIiava this, il the I,rnast nnn

Der in any State in the Union. Gin
cinnati is the largest horse market in
the country, and the second largest
pork market.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
BELMONTC CHRONICLE.
ST. CLAIRSVILLE, OHIO.
THURSDAY. MARCH 2I, 1878.

FINE protection the Russians are giving the
Christians in Turkey. The latest news is
that number of villages have been sacked,
and all the men, and many of the women and
children, massacrtd. 1t is a good time now
for ministerial associations to pass resolutions
''giving their moral support to Russia.
IL 1923 American vessels carried imports
and exports to the amount of S143, 3,059, ,693,
and foreign vessels goods to the amount of
S17, 7,714,8l7. In 1888 American vessels car
ried goods TO the amount of S192, 9O7, PAT,
and foreign vessels to the amount of S2S,-
296, 778. In 1913 American vessls Carried
goods valued at s23s, 3O5, 1853, and foreign
vessels $40, 7e5; 1906; in 1858 American vessels
S447, 191, ,304, and foreign S16O, ,066, ,26S; in
1868 American vessels s297, ,9s1 ,573, and
foreign $3.50, SAG, ,074, in 1877 American ves-
sells 1916, $500, 2S1, and foreign $3.50, $40, 426.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

The strike in the Ohio Shoe Factory
at Tiffin has eliminated in the factory
shutting down till the trade shall
warrant the prices demanded by the
workmen.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21

os STYLES OF CARDS, IOc, or 25 New Year
70 Cards. 2oc. Samples 20. Husted Co
Nasssu, 7.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
MAsoNIC DIRECTORY, 1877

MASONIC DIRECTORY, 1877.
,,,,,-, T. od5e No l6F A. u. NESTS ey:
N Wadnesdny night on or preceding the MI
- JAMES B. RYAN. W. u.
Jesse B. MEYER, Secy
st. ClairsvilIe Chapter. No. IL Hoyei Afon
.s-oo. Ineete ist Friday night each montn:
GEO. P. BUMGARNER, d. T.
Jessie d. MEYER, Sec'y.
belmont Council. R. and s. v, meets on tns
ser, nd uesday night OF every monsh; NJ
FD. BAIIY, Rec.
uope Commandery No. Is of knights Temp.
- ,,,.,sls IN the first Tuesday night OF every
month. u W. -
+. d. BAILEY. Rec.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-03-21
Executors Sale.

THE undersigned Executor Of the last will
j. and testament Of John Turk, decd. 6y
virtue of the power vested In me, Will oner
for sale At Public Auction, on the Premises, on
Wednesday, March ~, 1879,
At one o'clock p. NJ.
the following described Real Estate, to wit:
situated lL miles east OF st. Olairsville, and
Y mile north of the National Road, and being
In sections D, % and IS. township 9, range 3.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12
Power Of a Sweet Voice.

There is no power of love so hard
to get and keep as a kind voice. A
kind hand is deaf and dumb. 1t may
be rough in flesh and blood yet do
the work Of a soft heart, and do it
with soft touch. But there il no
one thing that love so much needs as
asweet voice TO tell what 1t means
and feels, and it is hard to get and
keep it in the right tone. One must
start in youth, and be on the watch
night and da' at work and play, to
get and keep voice that shall speak
AT all times The thoughts or kind
heart. But this Is the time when a
siasrp voice is most apt to be got.
You often hear boys and girls say
words at play with quick. sharp
tone, as il it were the snap OF whip.
When one of them get vexed you will
hear voice that sounds as il it were
made of snarl, whine, and bark.
Such a voice often speaks worse than
the heart feels. 1t shows more ILL
will In the tone than in the words. 1t
10 often IL mirth that one gets a
voice or a toan that il sharp, and
sticks to him through life. and stirs
up ill-wil and grief, and falls like n
drop OF gall on the sweet joys at
home. Such as these get a sharp
home voice for use, and keep their
best voices for those they meet else
where, just as they would save their
best cakes and pies for guests and all
their sour food for their own board.
] would say to all the boys and girls
use your guest voice at home.
watch it day by day. as a pearl Of
great price, for 1t will be worth more
to you in days to come than the beat
pearl hid In the sea. A kind voice is
a Joy like a lark's song to a hearth
and home. 1t Is to the heart what
light Is to the eye. 1t is light that
sings "a well as shines. Train it TO
sweet tones now, and it will keep In
tune through life."
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12
Dispersal Of Seeds.

In relation to the means both nat
ur,l and artificial for the dispersal of
seed, Prof. Grant Allen gives the fol-
lowing in the Popular Science Month
IN: @The thistle, the dandelion, nd
the cotton bush provide their seeds
with long tufts OF light hair, thin and
airy as gossamer, by which they are
carried on the wings of the wind to
bare spaces, away from the shadow
of their mother plants, where they
may root themselves successfully in
the vacant soil. The maple, the ash
and the pine supply their embryos
with fattened wings. which serve
them in like manner not less effectu-
ally. Both these we may classify as
wind dispersed seeds. A second set
of plants have seed vessels which
burst open explosively when ripe.
and scatter their contents to a con-
siderable distance. The balsam
forms the commonest example in our
European gal dens; but we'll known
tropical tree, the sand-box, displays
the same popularity in form which
is almost alarming. as its hard, dry
capsules fly apart with the report OF
a pistol, and drive out the disk
shaped nuts within so forcibly as to
make a blow on the cheek decidedly
unpleasant. These we may designate
as self dispersed seeds. Yet third
class may be conveniently described
az animal dispersed, divisible once
more into two sub-classes, the invol-
untary and voluntarily aided. OF the
former kind, we have examples in
those seeds which, like burs and
cleavers, are covered with little hooks
by which they attach themselves to
the fur or wool OF passers-by. The
latter, or voluntarily aided sort, are
exemplitied in fruits proper, the SUBJ
ject OF our present investiga ion, such
as apples, plums, peaches, cherries,
haws, and bramble berries. Every
one OF these plants is provided with
hard and indigestible seeds, coated or
surrounded by soft, sweet, pulpy,
perfumed, bright colored, and nutri-
tious covering known as fruit. By all
these means the plant allures birds
or mammals to swallow and dispense
its undigested seed. giving, as it were,
the PUPPY covering as reward to the
animal for the service thus conferred"
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12
Farm Account.

When a farmer. at the end Of the
year, settles his store account, pays
his smith bill. with that OF his teach
er, doctor and preacher. which tax il
genera ly la the rear, and, il anything
is left from the amount realized by
the sale OF his produce, that amount
is called the profit; but IL it falls
short, then he has made nothing.
That is not a correct estimate of re-
suits. for the bills have connection
with the cost of planting. except the
smith bills. A merchant doing bust
ness on capital Of $4,000. wanting
to obtain the result OF the years OPP
GRAFTON, takes an inventory OF the
unsold stock, the amount of availa-
BILE accounts, with money on hand
after paying his store rent, his clerk
hire, interest paid on borrowed
money. and other expenses inciden-
tai to his business, but does not in
clude the expense OF supporting his
family, which might, IL extravagant,
absorb all the profits, though it might
be twenty or forty per cent. on the
capital. There ara large number of
farmers, whose real estate. with all
the working stock, and farming I'M
elements, can not be valued at more
than $1,000, yet, by their profits re-
allied, have raised clothed and edu-
Gated from five TO ten chiidi en-, which
to do this, must make profit OF thir-
ty TO fifty per cent. on the capital
Exchange.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12
Never Tempt q Man.

Among the Mohegans, an Indian by
the name OF Zachary, was the heir to
the craftsmanship. He was brave
man and an excellent hunter. but as
drunken and worthless an Indian as
could we'll be found. BY the death
OF intervening heirs, Zachary found
himself entitled to the royal power.
In this moment the better genius of
the man assumed sway, and he re-
hected seriously: "How can such
drunke wretch as l be chief OF this
noble tribe? What will my people
say? How shall the shades OF my
glorious ancestors look indignant
upon such succession2 Can sue
coed to the great Uncas? Aye, Il
will drink no more" And he solemn
ly resolved to drink nothing but wa
ter.
One day, at the annual election. the
Mohegan chief dined with the Cover
uOi at hci lioiu. oOuus tue UoNci
nor's son, mischievously thought he
would try the sincerity Of the chiefs
temperance.
The family were seated at dinner.
and there was excellent home brewed
ale upon the table. John addressed
the old chief: zach, this beer Is very
fine. Will you not taste it?"
The old chief dropped his knife, and
leaned forward, with a stern intensity
OF expression, and his fervid eyes.
sparkling with indignation, were fixed
upon the boy.
"John," said he, "you do not know
what you are doing. You are serv-
ing the devil. boy. Do you know
that I am an Indian? If 1 should
taste your beer. should never stop
till I got rum, aud / should again be-
come the contemplate wretch your
father remembers me to have been.
John, never again, while you live,
tempt u man to break good resolu-
ton"
Socrates never uttered better pre-
cept. Demosthenes could not have
given it with more eloquence. John
was thunderstruck. His parents were
deeply affected, and afterwards fire.
quently reminded him OF the scene
and charged him never to forget it.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12
Indiana Patents.

The following is a list of the pat
ents issued to citizens Of the State OF
Indiana, December 3, 1878, and each
bearing date Nov, IS. 1873. furnished
this paper by G. Bradford, Solicitor OF
Patents, IS Hubbard's Block, Indian
apolis. Ind, OF whom copies and in
formation may be obtained:
No. 209,9G4. To James Ill. Edmondson
of Valparaiso, for improvement in Earth
Scrapers.
No. 209.979. To Benjamin F. Mon
tague, of Dunleith, for improvement in
Steam Engines.
No. 2l0,0l4. To David I. Grippe. oil
North Manchester, for improvement In
Mechanical Movement.
No. 210.026. To David F. Hacker, oil
Kempton, for improvement in Horse Hay
Rakes.
No. 2l0,046. To Plat Mcdonald, oil
Plymouth. for improvement in Farm
Harrows.
No. 2l0,073. To William T. Addison
of New Castle. for improvement in Guilt
vators
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12

The New York sun pours hot shot
into the South Carolina Democracy,
end Goes not even spare what the
mule left of Wade Hampton. 1t says:
"That is what Wade Hampton calls
'redeeming South Carolina He
gave the keynote early in the canvass
when he boosted that every Congress
sionai district would be carried. His
relocated riders bore the instruc-
tons into every township and hamlet.
The ballot box suffers consummated
the work on election day." The North
10 certainly getting solid.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1878-12-12


The whole divided into ~ so shares ni - % each.
The net proceeds these sales are rel apart and
applied to the benefit OF the Evansville Orphan Asy
lum aud indianapolis Orphan Asylum.
Remember the 3ist ot December. Isis, and secure
your tickets AT once, The drawing viii take place
sooner il the tickets are all aold.
CERTIFICATES.
This is TO certify that this property IL all valuable,
aud cost its owners. la cad largely more tan they
have cold it To this 5ensii uust. Titles To be
perfected before delivery ol deeds.
lSigncd.l THOMAS +. GAIyI,, Evansville.
wv. tiADLEY, CRY Assessor, lnd'poiis.
hereby certify that the deeds for all the properly
in this list have been placed IN ms hands, 10 be held
In trust aud delivered 10 the persons seycray en-
titled thereto, under the Orphans Benefit Drawing.
CIlIzEN s MAI. BANK, Evansville, Ind Ang.2i, iosS.
lSigned. ). Z. GILLEr. Cashier.
CITIZENS COMMITTEE.
We have accepted the position of CT zens' Com
mitiee 10 that the property is sal ~ held, the
distribution properly made and the funds faithfully
applied. lSlgneI.l
Jos 4 kLEISEa, Mayor of the city of Evansville.
GEO. u. STocKwELt, OF Niele, Stockwell x Co.,
Evansville, Ind.
rErER sEaoNIx, of sernon 4 Dickson, Evansville.
AUSTIN "A. BEowN, Clerk Marion Co, indianapolis.
T. &. WALLER, NJ. ID, resident pro TEN City
Couzcil, indianapolis, Ind
" %. FoLEY, Deputy state Treasurer, Indianapolis.
.E-Agcnis wanted in every city and town in the
country.
SH ARES, 5000 EACH
Remit by mail. money order registered letter.
bank draft, or express. All communications and
orders for tickets should be addressed to either
NJ. =. Lyon, Evansville, Ind,
Gen. Dan. Macauley, ind'polis, Ind.
secretsxri les.