The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-07-03
The Latest Work of the Pence Congress.

The Latest York of the Pence Congress.
SO far as European questions are con-
cerned, the work of BIsMARoK's Congress
seems TO be drawing TO a close. The claim
OF Greece remains to he disposed of. and
matters Of detail by no means unimportant
in their practical bearings will be discussed
by plenipotentiares OF the second class. But
the broad lines OF principle which are to limit
the decision have been laid down in almost
every case, and ii is worth while To sum up
what has been effected in this way, since the
fundamental variance concerning the Bull
garian frontier was settled after BEAcoSs-
FIELDS wish.
In the first place. we infer from the tele-
gram received yesterday that a concession.
trivial in itself, but Of vital concern to the
domestic prestige and tranquility of the
RoMANoFF dynasty, has been secured by
The representatives OF the Car. We are
told that the Congress has decided to
return to Russia all that portion Of
Bessarabia which she lost in 1856, which
Is thereupon defined as extending from
the Pruth to the Kiia valley. Now tho
strip of territory reannexed TO Turkey after
the Crimean war included more than this;
It's eastern frontier did not stop at the kilia
mouth of the Danube, but went further-be-
yond the Kigilnik river, and within few
miles Of Alderman, at the mouth OF tho
Dniester. We take for granted that the
whole area Topped on by the treaty of Paris
has in reality been restored, because the iso-
lated fragment not accounted for would be
OF no use to Turkey
Passing to Bosnia and the Herzegovina
wo again find certain amount Of COMPARE
son and elimination necessary in order to
form a clear idea OF the disposition adopted
for these provinces. We know, OF course that
they are to be occupied by Austria, but how
long the occupation is to last seems unde-
termined. In one despatch we learn that
this question will come up at an early day;
In another telegram Of the same date we are
given 10 understand that neither on this
head nor on the vital point Of permanent
persus temporary control will the Congress
pay heed to the remonstranccs OF the Otto
man ENJOYS. 1t is certain, however, that
ANDRAssY has secured provisional hold
upon this territory which he will prob
ably contrive to convert into a lasting
one. In view of such signal advance
toward a mastery Of the whole eastern shore
OF the Adriatic, we can understand the te-
nacity with which the HAPsDuRGs have
chung to the shred Of Dalmatian coast, now
transformed into broad province. and
their vehement opposition both at Paris
and Berlin 10 MontenegrOs acquisition Of a
harbor. That Austria aims not only at the
absorption of the ancient Epirus. but also Of
the old kingdom Of Macedonia, is plain
enough from the hint dropped yesterday
about a projected Austrian railroad through
Bosnia and Albania to Salonica.
This railroad scheme sufficiently accounts
for the contradictions in the dispatches,
and the actual contention which they indi-
cate touching the boundaries of Servia and
Montenegro. We are told, for instance, that
the Russian delegates are urging With a
good prospect Of success the propriety OF
extending the Servian frontier southwark
80 as TO include Novi-Bazar and Nish
Another telegram received by the
London Times says that care Is taken
10 leave about twenty miles between
Montenegro and Scrvia for the contemplated
Austrian railway. These statements are to-
tally inconsistent, the first implying that
Servia and Montenegro would be made con
tcrminous, and the latter losing sight Of the
fact that the gap between the two States at
the meridian Of Nov-Bazar did not exceed
twenty miles prior TO the late war Oh
viously, Montenegro will receive hcl
accessions Of territory not on Tho
northeast, but from the Herzegovina
on the north and from Albania OF
the cast. AS for Servia, her gains must b'
made on the east and southeast at the cX
pense OF the new Bulgarian commonwealth
whose western boundary, it will be remem
bered, Is TO be determined by a commission
That Austria does not mean to have
her grasp upon the Adriatc shaken b,
the pro-Muscovite State Of Montenegro
is proved by the arrangement Of the latter
southern boundary. The men of the Bacl
Mountain do not obtain the shore south O
Antlvari, and while they are allowed com
mercial facilities in that port, they do not ac
quire full sovereignty over It, Ina word, bot
Russia and her auxliarles In the Balkan
peninsula will carry off from Berlin but
fragment Of the spoil bestowed on them b.
the treaty OF San Stefano.
1t remains for the Congress TO adjudlcat
on the claims Of Greece. which made no over
demonstration on either side until the wal