davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05

PLENTY OF MONEY IN THE TREAsU-
RIVE copy the following explanatory
statement of the amount OF actual money
and coupons paid into the Treasury in the
past eight months from the "Whig,'' as
furnished that paper by Mr.. Colston, the
first clerk of the Treasurur:
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05

Yhe Lynchburg "News' says one grain
Of wheat produced on an Amherst farm
this season oxer one Thousand grains of
the aaest quality Of wheat. .sii.,
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05

A READJUsTERS MEETING was held at
Highland Court house on the Oath ult., the
objects Of which were explained by Col. r.
Turk. The committee reported resolutions
endorsing the Barbour bill Of the last ses-
sion of the legislature and instructing the
Senator and Delegate representing High
lands interest, to cooperate with the re-
adiusters at the next session in adjusting
the debt and expenses of the government
down to a sum that can be paid by the
present rate of taxation. The resolutions
make no mention Of the consent OF the
creditors, yet repel the term regulators.
The resolutions were advocated by Col. R.
Turk and Senator John Paul and were OPP
posed by Delegate Harmon Hiner, but
were adopted says the Recorder with
but two dissenting voices.''
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05
New AS3ge. iisaEkle saas.

For other New Advertisements see 3rd page.
EOUND-On the Lexington Road, between Green
Il vile and Midway, q fine WALK g cane, which
the owner can .rt by describing the same and pay
ing for this advertisement. Address
J.THOMAS HAWEE,
juy5-2t Greenville.
L That very desirable property on
East Kalorama street, now occupied by FL B. Niche
Esq.-Ttrins mode, at. Apply at -
july5-u THE HOUSE.
4 COMMISSIONERS OFFICE,
" STAUNIoN, June 9th, 1876.
j. Bumgardner& Sous VS.. Henry Forrer, &c, now
pending in chtnoely in the Circuit Court OF Augusta.
All persons parties, plaintiffs defendants and at
tOrnGyS in any wise interested therein, embracing
all lien creditors OF Henry Forrer, r.. b Dunlap and
Samuel Forrec OF either of them are hereby notified
that in pursuance of decree rendered in SAID cause
on the 18th day OF March, 1878. shall at my Office
in Staunton on
Friday. the Sac day Of August, 1878,
nrccaed 10 take, state and settle the following ac=
counts:
LIST An account OF the judgement ard other LIENS
binding the real estate OF the defendants Henry
FOrrer Il. B. Dunlap. Samuei Forrer and of each OF
them, and the plioIities thereof.
End Az account Of the real estate owned by each
of said defendants and of the annual and fee Simple
value thereof.
3rf. A statement of any special matters deemed
pertinent by Commissioner, or required by any of
the parties to be stated AT which time and placa
you are required to attend.
Given under my hand &C., the day and year above
written,
J. w. GREEN SMITH.
iuly6. Commissioner,
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05

Two very important cases to merchants
have recently arisen in Richmond. In the
Hastings Court W. F. Trogden of Green's
boro, N. G., who obtained goods from
Millbrier Co., Of Richmond, by falsely
stating the financial condition of his house,
and who, after obtaining goods from many
other merchants on the same statement
went into bankruptcy, was convicted on
Saturday and awarded three years in the
penitentiary. The jury recommended him
to the clemency Of the Governor. In the
same city Thomas E. Ballard and Geo. W.
Mayo members of the firm of Ballard y
Mayo, commission merchants, have been
arrested on the complaint of R. A. Mar
shall Of Fluvana, who claims that they
sold lot of -four for him in 1875 and have
ever since failed to account for it. The
warrant under which they were arrested
charges them with enlightenment.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05

der as did. Dey shows dat dey has been
faithful and pussevesin' dis seshin and dis
here night, dos prove tits a fac'. In con-
clasion mus say dat we dos owe mighty
heap to QUE teacher, yes .bredrin, we dos. y
Broddef F'lemfn' having finished, gave
up his place to BROADER Coleman, the ora :
tor of the night. This ''geman" is tall
man of about IS years of age, has moderate
size feet, about Is inches long, lips not
very thin, delicate moustachs, and hair
very short, projecting chin, dressed in a
beautifully lowered calico shirt, pants
seemingly Of the same material, coat black,
vest yellow, a handsome gold pin adorned
bis bosom, set with very large and bril-
liant stone. In very strong but melodi-
Gus voice he began: Brethren and Sis
tern. I is truly thankful from de lows cor
ner Oh my heart to be wild you all diseben-
ing. We has had glorious time tonight
think de Lord has looked down and
smiled on us. We has heap more priya-
leges now den we did is years ago, yes I
may say den "A years ago. Any chile whar
has been to dis school and Whaf is 4 years
old, can cast he eye up daf, ipointing to
the words, MERCY Seat Public School No.
IL, which were on the wall in evergreen
and read them words. Now l tell you thar
is lots OBJ meanin' in them thar words.
some OBJ you will look at 'em and say,
dems notbin' but some ole marks, but L
tell you them thar things means a heap,
Is years ago NE was darsin to look at q
book, but now we san march off to school
like my odder folks. don't mean ter say
dat dis was de way wild all uR us, cause
some III US was heap better off den dap we
is now, but jimmy up us KIN 60 ter school
now. believe our TEACHER has charged
his duty well. cause when he come to dis
place for to teach school, / was iq d. secon
reader, and when he iisf g9 4 way i g
| don't tniEk white folk teacher kin iarn
we kulled pussons like kulled teacher
kin. I'll jist tell you why, once went ter
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1878-07-05

If any person is confined in jail under
the preceding section lin default of pay
ment of fine,) or under a capias pro fine, it
shall be lawful for the sheriff of the county
or sergeant of the corporation, with the
assent in writing of the prisoner, to hire
such prisoner for such length of time, not
exceeding six months, as may be agreed
on, to any person who will agree to pay
the whole fine and costs for six mon tis'
services with the assent OF the county
judge the hiring may be for a less sum,
The contract shall be returned to the
clerks office of the county court, and IT
the prisoner refuses to comply with the
contract on affidavit of the hirer a cGpids
pro fine may issue and the prisoner be re-
manded to jail.-Chapter xviii, section
10.
FEES OF JAILORs AND sERGEANTs.
To taller, in case of the Commonwealth,
for receiving a person in Jail when first
committed, twenty-five cents, for Keeping
and supporting him therein. for each day,
forty CEN S; but where there are as many
as three and less than ten prisoners in Jail,
thirty cents for each; where there are ten
or more, twenty five cents for each prison
er in jail; provided, however, that in the
cities of Portsmouth, Norfolk, and Peters,
burg the judge of the Corporation Of Hust-
ings Court may make an allowance to pay
the necessary and proper salaries of such
number Of deputy ergeants AS said judge
shall consider needful, and such allowance
aha|l be paid out Of the treasury Of such
City: Provided further, that in the cities
of Richmond and Alexandria the Judge of
the Hastings Of Corporation Court Shall,
with the consent of the City Council, make
an allowances to pay the necessary and pro-
per salaries Of such number of deputy Ser
geants as said judge shall consider need
full, and such allowance shall be paid out
of the treasury of such cities.-Chapter
XIV, section y.
The fee of a justice Of the peace shall be
for issuing warrant of arrest, fifty cents;
for trying case of misdemeanor and an
cents; which shall be in full for all servi-
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
To Tell the Age Of Fowls.

If hens spur is hard and the scales
on the legs rough, she is old, whether
you see her head or not, but her head
will corroborate your observation. If
the under bill is so stiff that you can
not bend it down and the comb thick
and rough, leave her, no matter how fat
and plump, for some one less particu-
lar A young hen has only the rudi-
ments of spurs; the scales on the legs
are smooth, glossy and fresh colored,
whatever the color may be; the under
bill soft and the comb thin and smooth.
An old hen turkey has rough scales
on the legs, callosities on the sOlcs of
the feet, and long, strong claws; young
one the reverse of all the marks When
the feathers are on the old turkey cock
has long tuft or beard; q young one
has but sprouting one; and when they
are off, the smooth scales on the legs
decide the point, besides the difference
in size of the wattles on the neck and
in the elastic spot upon the nose.
An old goose, when alive, is known by
the rough legs, the strength OF the
wings, particularly at the pinions, the
thickness and strength Of the bill, and
the fineness of the feathers, and when
plucked, by the legs, the tenderness of
the skin under the wings, by points and
the bill and the coarseness of the skin.
Ducks are distinguished by the same
means, but there is the difference that
duckling's bill is much longer in pro-
portion to the breadth Of its head than
the old ducks.
A young pigeon is discovered by its
pale color, smooth scales, tender, COL
lapsed feet and the yellow, long down
interspersed among its feathers A
pigeon that can ay has always red COL
ored legs and no down, and is then too
old for use as squad. Western Rural.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
Grade Cattle and TborOughbreds.

Geo. Gardner, in an eastern exchange,
has the following on this subject:
Thinking over the difference of keep
ing common grade cattle and possessing
herd of pure-breds suggested little
calculation: thus, say man has fifty
beeves, including heifer calves. Sup
pose there are ten heifer calves raised
every year, there would be also ten year
lings, ten two years old and ten three
years old, which would leave ten cows
four years old, making fifty altogether.
Now, according to the best English sys-
TEN of dairy husbandry, these Oldest
cows which are Just in their prime
would be kept barren this last year and
when dry from milk, be fatted and sold
for beef. Well, if these were good
Orange county grade cows and managed
on this English system, they would
probably make very fine beef and now.
as the best meat has ready sale for ex-
portation. these ten cows would make
make $50 for each, thus bringing in
$500 per year, over and above what
would arise from the milk or the butter.
Now, we will suppose that instead of
IL
farm, has pure-breds of moderate fan
cy breed, or, in other words, has thor
oughbred herd, but not any of the ex-
travagant Short Horns. Say they are
all fine and useful with fair pedigree
of whatever breed they may be, and
that they are worth about $500 each on
an average. AS they thus cost great
deal more than the grades there would
be much heavier capital on which to
pay interest, and, as round numbers will
be near enough for our purpose, we may
put extra interest at $500 per year
Our calculation would then be: ten cows
sold in calf instead of for beef, and the
price 5000 each, which would be $1,000
instead of $500; but the $500 interest
must be deducted from the larger sum,
then leaving 81 800 instead of $500.
This argument could be carried far
ther, by reckoning the keeping of these
animals worth several hundred dollars
more each, but when these very costly
cattle are bred, there is a deal of ex-
pense incurred in pampering them, and
moreover, the high feeding and close
breeding of relatives cause many barren
cows and many other disappointments,
which, when everything had been ac-
counted for, would not improve the re-
turns from the more moderate strains
of pure breeds.
There should be well regulated sys-
TEN in breeding, but with those who
will sell animals of any age, from calf
to COW, there appears to be no method
at all; whereas, on the other hand, if
there were only the annual draft there
would be positively decided system
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08

This is all wrong, and the owner mostly
has to wonder how his specimens came
to be injured after being SO thoroughly
protected. A few evergreen boughs
tied loosely around them would in all
probability have answered the purpose
to a charm. In a word, evergreen
boughs stand at the head Of our availa-
BILE protective materials for the tops
and tanbark, sawdust and dry leaves for
the surface of the ground around the
roots. AS to the value of screens and
groups OF evergreens for orchards and
gardens, the press has so frequently rec.
commended them, that nothing more in
that direction need be said.-.]osial
HOopes.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
Wintering in Pits and Cellars.

The Vice President of Bohemian
apiarian society, Pastor Joseph Ehl-
Dittersbach, introduced at a convention
Of bee-keepers the following question:
Has trial of wintering bees in cellars
or earth pits been made; if so with what
result, and is this method to be univer-
sally recommended
This question is one of the most i'm
portant relating to bee culture, since
the prosperity of the colony depends
upon the successful wintering of the
bees. Only when We are able to deter
mine upon method of wintering bees
successfully can we lay claim to the IT,
tie, Master of bee culture" Innum-
cradle experiments in this direction
have been made, and yet one hears, on
the opening of nearly every spring, loud
complaints that the bees have wintered
poorly, since they are troubled with
dysentery or are found dead For ex-
ample, one of my friends had this spring
but five living colonies out of twenty
five put in winter quarters. 1t is advis-
able, before discussing this question, to
call to mind the points essential to sue
cess in wintering.
AS is well known, the honey bee is a
native of the Orient, where, with some
slight exceptions, it is able to fly out
during the whole year. With us, on
the contrary, it is obliged, on account of
the severe climate to remain in it's dom
icile from three to six months. In or
der to make this unnatural condition as
light as possible for the bee the follow
ing named points must be observed 1t
is to be understood, of course, that the
stocks to be wintered are populous,
healthy, and furnished with quee no
over three years old. The colony mus
be provided:
With sufficient food-pollen, as
well as about twenty-four pounds, or
about twelve kilogrammes Of honey.
with water to quench thirst and
to thin the candied honey.
3.-With fresh air so as not to be
smothered
with protection from severe cold
5.-They must remain dry; for too
much water, as well as too little, is in
furious; too much water produces mold
or mustiness in the hive.
6.-They must remain quiet When
bees are disturbed during cold weather
their cXertions cause them to become
warm, they leave the cluster and arc
chilled.
They must be safe from thieves
1t will not be difficult for us to give a
correct decision in reference to the
question if we take into careful consid
Grafton the above mentioned points.
The discussion which followed brought
forth from numerous members the state
ment that they were highly pleased
with the results of their experiments il
wintering in earth pits, while other.
preferred to place colonies in cellar:
and watch the temperature Presiden,
Budiegizki said that even in severe sea
sons he had not failed to winter hi:
bees well in straw hives on their summer
stands. 1t was his opinion that befor,
the practice of wintering in pits or eel
lars could be recommended for univer
sal adoption, it would be necessary t.
collect the facts which wider expert
ence in this direction would givc.-Er
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08

Grange Directory.

PRAIRIE GROVE GRANGE, No. 443-Meets
at the Sheridan School House, Monday even
ing, on or before the full moon each month.
A. WROTEN, Sec'y.
WINTHROP GRANGE, No. 166. - Meets Mt
Winthrop on Friday. on or before the full
moon of each month.
S. G. PIERCE, Master.
S. w. RICH, Sec'y.
WEST BUFFALO GRANGE, No. 12l6.-Nieets
Tuesday, on or before full moon.
j. ID. RUSSELL. Master.
GREELEY GROVE GRANGE, No. s11.-Meets
on Friday evening, on or before full moon, at
Warehouse Hall.
w. BUNCE, Master.
p. b. SCHEMERHORN. Sec'y.
MIDDIEFIELD GRANGE, No. 52S.-Meets on
Wednesday, on or before full moon.
b. DUBOIS, Master.
Z. J. WIGG. Sec'y.
SUPERIOR GRANGE, No. 352.-Meets Satur
day, on or before full moon, at No. School
House, Hazleton Township.
T. MESSENGER, Master.
G. NJ. MILLER, Sec'y.
BYON GRANGE, No. 267.-Meets at Justus
Durkees, on Tuesday evening, on or after
full moon.
Il. GLEASON, Master.
FRANK Fox. Soc'y
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
Winter PrOtectiOn-DO Kill With
Kindness.

If the theory that Winter protection
for plants is to preserve the soil and
surrounding atmosphere even and cool,
be correct, then may we go to work I'M
derstandingly, and whatever substance
we use, or by whatever method we APP
ply it, this simple, general principle
must be kept constantly in view. The
too prevalent impression among GER
tain class of gardeners is, that protection
means warmth, and that as all unrelia-
bile plants need extra heat in Winter to
sustain life, this element must be sup
piled by means of heating material at
the roots. and an excessive cover over
the tops. In spite of the repeated less
ons our cultivatOrs have been forced to
learn in the way of smothered vegeta-
ton, this censurable practice is still adj
hered to in many instances; the failures
ensuing from this course alone being al
ways attributed to other unforeseen
agencies. A few instances will serve as
illustrations:
The experienced vegetable gardener is
well aware of the injurious effect of heat
when applied to spinach, this plant be-
ing exceedingly partial to cool, airy sit
uations. Now if we apply thick coat
manure, or any other substance that
will form a compact mass and obstruct
free circulation of air, the crop will
decay in a short time On the other
hand should very light sprinkling of
straw be applied merely enough to
slightly shade the foliage, the best re-
suits will follow. Any one may plainly
see that this slight covering does not
impart warmth, but the very reverse, as
it tends to obstruct the rays of the sun,
and preserves an even temperature, at
once cool and healthful. Again, the
small fruit gardener knows by expert
ence that he may not use indiscriminate-
ly a coat of manure over strawberry
beds. Should the cover be thin, the
plants will winter well, but if he endeav-
ors to be too kind to his charge, and
supplies thick coat of manure to keep
them warm, he will have few plants re-
naming in the spring-they will have
been burned out.
We might 60 on multiplying cases,
but will merely refer to one more, re-
ferring to the protection of the tops OF
plants. The half-kardy classes Of the
Of the rose may be preserved in the
open air by judiciously shading the
branches, and supplying a'barrier to
break the force of the strong cold winds
How often any one may observe rose
bushes tied in straw so tightly that not
breath OF air can reach the plant.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
FOREIGN ADS.
TOKEIUN AIS.
ESTABLISHED 1859.
R. 5. & A. ?. LACEY, Attorneys at Law,
529 Sercnh-st., Washington, D. e.

Inventors.
We procure Patents in all countries No AT
TORNEY FEES IN ADVANCE. No charge unless
the patent is granted. No fees for making pre-
liminary examinations. No additional fees for
ottenfing riwan 10 fntn 1psclal
the Patent Office. Extensions before Congress-
Infringement Suits in different States, and ali
litigation appertaining to Inventions Or Pat
ents. Send stamp for Pamphlets, giving full
instructions.
y. s. Courts and Departments.
Claims prosecuted in the Supreme Court of
the United States, Court of Claims Court of
Commissioners of Alabama Claims, Southern
Claims Commission, and all classes of War
Claims before the Executive Department.
Arrears of Pay and Bounty.
Officers, Soldiers and Sailors the late war, or
their heirs, are in many cases entitled to money
from the Government of which they have no
knowledge. Write full history of service and
state amount of pay and bounty received. En-
close stamp and a full reply, after examination
will be given you without charge.
Pensions.
All Officers, Soldiers and Sailors wounded
ruptured, or injured in the late war, however
slight, are entitled to and can obtain pension.
v. S. General Land Office.
Contested Land Cases. Private Land Claims,
Mining, Presumption and Homestead Cases
prosecuted before the General Land Office and
department of the Interior.
Land Warrants.
We pay cash for Bounty Land Warrants, and
we invite correspondence with all parties hav-
ing any for sale, and give full and explicit in
strnctiOns where assignments are imperfect.
We conduct our businessi in separate Bureaus,
having therein the clerical assistance of able
and experienced lawyers. and give our closest
personal supervision to every important paper
prepared in such case. Prompt attention is
thus secured to all business entrusted to us.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
HIGHWAY NOTICE.
OFFICE OF COUNTY AUDITOR,
Iowa. Jan g, 1878.

OFFICE OF COUNTY AUDITOR,
independence, Iowa, Jan g, 1873.
To all ,rIiOm ii may Concern:
The Commissioner appointed to vacate and
at southwest corner of section 7, Fairbank
Township, in Buchanan county, running thence
to the north line of section 10, township SO,
range 10, has reported in favor of vacation
and the following relocation: Commencing at
point in section nineteen,5 chains north, 43 de-
grees, 30 minutes west of point 16 chains
north of the northeast corner of section 30
township 80, range 10; thence south-easterly in
a straight line l3 chains and SO links; thence
south bearing east So degrees, Is minutes, "
chains; thence south bearing east 30Is degrees
So chains to the north line of section %, town
ship 80. range 10
All objections thereto or claims for damages
must be filed in the Auditors office on or be-
fore noon of the 18th day of March, A. d. 1873,
or such highway will be relocated without ref
erence thereto.
27-w4 GEO. b. WARNE, Co. Auditor
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
HIGHWAY NOTICE.
OFFICE OF COUNTY AUDITOR,

OFFICE OF COUNTY AUDITOR,
Independence, Iowa, Jan. 81, 1878.
To oil lrhom it may Concern:
The Commissioners appointed to establish a
highway, commencing at the south quarter
post of section 3G, Washington township, In
Buchanan county, running thence northward
across section Sc, to the center of section Is
have reported, recommending that the road
Travelled Tor the past twenty years be declared
four rods in width from the second correction
line to the center of section %, township SO
range9.
Final hearing in the matter will take place
before the Board of Supervisors at O'Clock
p. NJ, of Tuesday, April I'd. A. D. 1878, on OF
before which hour all claims for damages anG
objections thereto must be presented or such
highway will be established without reference
thereto.
21-W4 GEO. b. WARNE, Co Auditor
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-02-08
FOR SALE.

My property on Chatham street. My house
is almost new, with II large rooms, two rs
high, 2Ox32 feet. also wing attached Xxx feet.
also wOod-hOuse 12X16 feet. A good. never
failing well, good cstern and cellar. and large
pantry; also hen-hOuse one story high, l6x36
about 30 bearing apple trees, 8 bearing cherry
trees, plenty of raspberries, grapes and other
shrubbery. Good solid copper lightning rods
on house. / will sell the above property very
cheap. one-half cash and balance on good time
if rcquired. Q3tG G. B. HANDY.