Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1878-08-10

I
sa-sE psun<xs az ~imzla1 rn6Au
Msr~ th.n . hundred yeas~ 80. tag -
fare ts~ E<inesT.t<s of cseasinksy Usg0 -
passsi IN s<ssc~Itsr~. h.rv sknrssakise ai1
~xprrs-sr~ hza s~sak&s<hed . sass - ~
anssnx <~w Enxinnd fsrDer~ ~ -
kesala-rk h<-Aua< hills vese nd ~ -
lse@lstis~ Cur grain Of csur~e. wky a.
was tine fses- thy did md knsw. and ke0oa.
they kn~w ma hoe sr whss ~ tes1 -
/ and o. make q xrsw uheak. oaka- 90 unaiD.
coas sdspsed . similar ruie-yiR shas nr
and crsizr lands wcre Dot god foS tilltaG
purT-~<~ II may h~ urxsd here. thas shsGo
rule> Of ossseryaf1o and experieuce 90
ju>t god ~ scientific dcd1rfioas. We
answer that this n fxr from hiring tFue :
Iocaa.e. from oh.srvsfioa and expesisssc
ve can come into the position of only sin-
gle or individual classcs of facts; whiDO
such rules as the sc3encss furnish, enable
Us to break away from the leading ssringaef
all pre-copceived ideas and opinions. asA.
40 - speak. they light up our pathway -
that degree which allows Us TO tearle6sly
dash forward through what would Oth0-
wise be the very blackness Of darkness =
Having expatiated at some length o.
the great value of chemical knOwledgo =
related to agriculture. IL now remains 70
he told how such knowledge can be
actually and practically applied by tho
farmer who would make the most OF such
a valuable system of classified principles.
Before doing this, however, it will bo
quite expedient to determine what, in the
Language Of botany, a plant is understood
Now. a plant, properly speaking, con-
sists of three essential parts, the radix, tho
shaft and the foliage; or, expressed in
more simple terms, the root, the trunk
and the leaf. The extremities Of the roots
which the plant, which Is itself an organ
lied, living being, receives its food and
drink. The trunk is the stomach and tho
leaves are the lungs Of the tree. The roots
have spongv extremities, which. striking
out si, IN all directions, % as If on foraging ex-
ipould and soils just such juices, and none
other, as the nature of the plant or tree re-
quires. These juices ascend into the body
of the tree, where, bysome wonderful pro-
truly digested as Is the food in the stom-
ach of a living animal, and thence fitted
to be developed into the leaves, the bios
SONS and the fruit, which last IL the
browning excellence OF all. We have said
Let no one be surprised when We say that
every tree just as actually breathes through
its fOliageas we breathe through our lungs.
The leaf of the common lilac contains 120.-
goo of these microscopic openings In no
larger space than one square inch.
The breathing process OF plants is far
more complicated affair than It IL In an
ilnated creatures, and although the plant
draws IN and expels IT. breath but IOnGD
anpiicssss II siEissss-''sr Thas ssst y J. w ss,
time, the leaves are continually sbsorbin&
carbOnic acid from the air, and giving OH
oxygen gas when the sun goes down,
this breathing process is exactly reversed
the leaves absorb or inhale oxygen RaD,
and give off or exhale carbonic acid, to tho
surrounding atmosphere. Another no leas
curious sphenomenonisthe fact that, the sap
OF plants, like the blood Of animals. In in 3
state of continuous circulation; ascending
descending through the inner layer Of the
bark to the root. the place Of beginning.
To fully understand this, however, We
must study q new science, Vegetable ply
siologX. Right here, let us consider how
very like the animal is the vegetable king.
dom. Animals are said to be conceived,
and, through the process Of parturitiOn are
born; remaining for short season. in .
state, of helpless infancy, they at length
they give birth to the germs Of their own
race, grow old, decay and die.
Exactly the same is true Of perfect veg
etable. All animals emit peculiar ofiOr.
ever indicative Of their own particular
species the same Is true OF plants, aud
SON. Animals % require M 'fe food 1'Uf and drink. s
light, heat and air. The same agents are
imperatively necessary to the existence Of
the plant. Animals breathe gaseous nuid
and contain within the substance OF their
is literally true OF o plant. So might We
20 on, but time and space would fail rs In
pursuing the interesting topic. On the
other hand, how wide are some Of the diff
ferences between these two natural king
doms! Most of their dissimiiaritics are
more prominent and striking than. are
their like points. For example, animals
possess the power Of lOc0snotiOu, Of which
plants are deprived. Animals are endowed
with q thinking principle, touch ot I'M
excellence of the vegetable creation g
heaven Is high above the earth.
We conclude, then, that plants repvooou4
the lowest forms Of life, and occupy mid
way place between the cold: fnosRanie
rocks Of the earth's crust, and the no9t
perfect representatives Of organissA exi1G-
euce or, rather, one Of the middle links
in the great chain Of created ma11or: -.
ings and creatures, indeed. buA wholly
devoid Of that diviner cssence WhicA wo
But we prosnisedto show hoU tho fhRmar
can apply and utilize his st0sU of ehomiaal
knowledge. That enenee0ont we viii
nov proceed 10 fuldtl. Suppane . 0nunnnp
k had cheated ron IN deiis9 : jnbof -
ais. propsriy eaapoa.d sks9 - ~
the sause uppa tie valls q yuur -.
Hut Won find thss The paanasr d.6D -
harden. is yirids % tke pseu8s ~ fv~aP
sners. eruabies from ~ - anWs
anre and sniis upza Eke Asr. Tea 60
ptsy s1 expert 10 exsnkne the @nBonB-
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