Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1878-03-27
FARM AND FIRESIDE.
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True Method Of Farming One Hundred
Acres or Land IN S0ufhsIde Virginia on
the Plan Of Diversified Production.

The lands IN Southside Virginia are
proverblal for being worn out; but as
the subsoil is, for the most part.a strong
red clay, they are quite susceptible q
Improvement. To this end stock raising
and mixed husbandry are essential re.
quisites. The subsOil should be deeply
stirred with the subsoil piow, and a
little turned TO the surface at each Fall
or Winter blowing. Some Of the COM
merclal manures are valuable auxiliaries
but homemade nanures must be de-
pended upon TO enrich our lands.
Tobacco is the stable of this section.
and where its cultivation is abandoned.
except under peculiar circumstances,
failure has been the result. The best
grades always command remunerative
prices. Plant no more than can BE-
heavily MANFRED and thoroughly cult
waited.
On farm Of one hundred acres there
should be about eight acres of arabic
land. About five acres Of moist loan
mot wet should be sown in timothy for
meadow. Other grasses may be mixed
with it to advantage.
Twice as many stock can be kept by
the soiling as by the pasturage system
ofstock-ral>ing, and double the amount
Of manure made. For this system lay
of seven fields of five acres each, con-
venlent to the stock sheds, and cult
vate 10 following rotation; lst year
Wheat tallOw the aitergrowth before
frost. I'd year-TObacco, heavily ma
nured; refallow and subsoil as early as
possible, and keep the land mellow and
clean with the cultivator until planting
time; list late in May, and plant as soon
as possible twenty thousand hills of
tobacco and one thousand cabbage;
ashes SOwn broadcast and worked and
;nto the soil hasten the decom.
position ofmanure and bone dust applied
to the soil. and furnish the tobacco Ia
potash planD with potash and other
valuable substances. Sd year-RoOt
crops says two acres Irish and sweet
potatoes, acre turnips. J acre ruta
basaS, acre mangold wurtzels. ! acre
carrots. / acre turnl's. A supply OF
hcctS. satisfy. &c, for the table NAV he
planted with the roots for feeding stock.
Apply 200 pounds PIuvan guano and
4 bush i sal per acre. Only thorough
J., deromprscd manure should be applied
dr. I'll t. root crops. Trnips are
eas Y raised where stock have been
pcnncd on the land, and may be sown
broadcast; all other roots should be
drilled and worked by horse cunvatOrs.
The land should be SUBSIDIZED and c)n-
sianlly stirred until planted to save
wedding as much as possible. otherwise
the WORK will be formidable. 4th year
corn sown broadcast. 4 to 5 bushels
per acre. Sow acre every fifteen days,
anC apply any manure you have to
spare. 1t should he cut the day before
it is used and slightly wilted. Early
crops. like potatoes. onions, millet. &C.,
NAV be raised on the land reserved for
the latter paintings, but the land must
be well MANFRED after such crops are
removed. 9Th year-Two acres Of rye
sown in August and balance in oats.
Apply 40U pounds lime per acre and SOW
clover. If the land is in good condition,
SOW gallon clover and | peck each Of
orchard grass and timothy. 9th year
Clover fol solling. 9TH year-Cloyer;
turn on the stock about July; fallow
about six inches deep for wheat, and
apply 200 pounds flour Of raw bone per
acre.
Divide the remaining forty acres into
four fields Of ten acres each for the fol-
lowing rotation: l't year-COrn on
clover fallow; rcfallOw and subsoil, and
apply to each hill handful Of poultry
yard manure composted with twice its
bulk Of rich loan and plaster. Plant
the different kinds Of beans to run on
The corn and pumpkins where there Is
rich sandy loan. Tomatoes DO we'll
tied up to the corn in the outside rows.
These crops will not rstard the growth
Of the corn, as they draw but little OF the
same substances from the soil. Peas
may be planted between the rows of
corr. OF peas or buckwheat sown broad
cast at the last working, for green fall
low. 2l year-Wheat and oats. APP
ply 100 pounds bone dust and 200
pounds lime per acre, and sow clever.
80 year-Clover. Plaster freely and
cut for hay; second crop for seed. Use
no plaster on the second crop. 4th
year-Clover for green iallOw. If de-
sired. the first crop may be cut, and the
second well plastered for fallOw.
Where the cloYer fails to come up, or
where the land is too poor or unsuitable
for clover, SOW peas. When these are
not to be had, buckwheat, failing wheat,
oats or corn are good substitutes.
A good rotation for the pasturage
system is to reserve five acres for raising
roots to mix with dry food in winter,
and green crops to supplement the pas
lure in summer, and then divide the
balance into five fields of fifteen acres
each. lstyear-Wheat. After-growth |
10 be plowed under. ID year-Five |
acres in tobacco and ten in corn. Sd
r tobacco and oats after
corn. 4th and 5th ycars-ClUver. ALI