davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18
The Total Eclipse OF the sun.
tScientific American.

On the 29th inst. a total eclipse of the
sun takes place under such circumstances
as to present opportunities that occur
scarcely once In "a generation for the study
Of some Of the most interesting phenon-
ena with which astronomers have la do.
The path If the totalty Of this eclipse
runs diagonallv across the centre Of the
United States from Montana o. Texas, and
is somewhere about 40 miles wide. Many
II the best points for observing the eclipse
are. therefore, accessible bv railroad. and
several expeditions might bc sent out fully
equipped in a. many different points,
without spending so much money upon
them IA il would ordinarily take la equip
a single expedition Ia more distant point.
Recent discoveries have rendered II
probable that most of the meteorological
changes u progress upon this planet are
caused by events taking place upon the
sun, and many questions relating Ia the
physical constitution Of that orb, and the
changes there taking place, can only be-
studied during IA total eclipse. II j. said
bv Admiral Rodgers, of the Naval OBJ
servatory, that the sum Of the opportui-
ties which all the astronomers of the world
can get for observing such e.tip-es does
not exceed five ar six hours In a century,
and IL Ii. therefore. important that every
advantage should be taken ~ the very
favorable conditions for observation under
which the present eclipse occurs. All
the principal European governments rec
ogniZs the Importance 81 studying the
phenomena attendant upon the total
eclipss.s, and send out costly expeditions,
even Ia their antipodes when necessary.
for this purpose: and there IL no doubt
that there is a general impression abroad
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18

umerates: First, seriously unfavOrable
harvest In 1873, 1876 and 1877; secoor,
over speculation; third, extreme uncertain
ty in all European politics. OF the currency
Of Denmark he says: The circulation
amounts to Ga. 0O0. go crowns In paper
money The gold coin In the bank amounts
to about IS, 600, 900. The National Bank Of
Copenhagen Is the only bank in the King
dom allowed to issue paper money. The
notes Of the bank are redeemable in gold
coin. which is the legal tender, silver being
used as . fractional currency and legal
tender only to the amount Of 80 crowns.
The circulation Of gold may be stated at
50. 900, 900, Of silver at II. 900. 900. and Of
copper at 500. 600. The coins Of Denmark.
Sweden and Norway are legal tender in
each country. Wages are from 10 to ID
per cent. less than in 1871, while the cost of
living is . tribe higher. Laborers earn
from to 10 crowns per month; mechanics
from to crowns q day. There IS a
large surplus Of labor and no employment
for it."
Mr.. Henry Noble, United States Consul
lar Agent 1t Turin, Italy. in q dispatch To
the Department Of State. Of recent date,
gives some statistics Of labor in that
country, viz: Daily wages Of farm hands,
| nine months, "a cents per day; three
months, harvest time.) GO to 20 cents per
day; without maintenance. Women are
paid about one half Of these rates. Youths,
| from IA to lS years old, are paid from $50
| to $24 per annum, with board. Railways
| run by the National Government pay their
| engineers from $50 to $42 per month;
common labOrers from 20 Ia 60 cents per
| day; chief conductors, $3.50 to 500 per
annum: station masters, $500 to 81 900.
Pensions are provided to employees after a
| certain number OF years Of faithful service.
and to their widows In case Of accident or
death while on duty. Females who guard
the crossings receive scents day; ticket
| sellers. 20 cents: their hours Of labor
averaging four or five per day. The cost
| Of living for laborers Is about Is cents per
day. During the last five years both wages
| and the cost Of living have advanced about
Is per cent. Trade Is deplorably dull.
Expectation Of manufactured goods has
| almost ceased, and matters seem to be
going from bad To worse.
In Italy there are six banks having the
right to issue paper money without being
compelled by law to have any reserve in
coin. The circulation OF these banks
amounts to ga 600. 900 Of francs, includ-
| ing Government notes and coin. The Gov
eminent notes are good for all dues, are
legal tender except for duties on imports.
and are guaranteed by the banks. For the
guarantee the banks receive commission
Of cents for each 100 francs issued. The
premium on coin, mostly gold,) ranges
from 9tO liz per cent. The custom re-
ceipts have increased this year so fa- over
1000, 900 francs. The expectations remain
stationary. The wages Of all classes are
paid In paper money. The employees Of
the banks are paid from $50 to S45 a
month.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18
Labor and Wages in Other Lands.

John Wilson. United States Consul nj
Brussels, in a dispatch 10 the department
OF State. gives some hints rs tO the me-
thods Of introducing American manufact-
ures into Europe. He starts out with the
assertion that prejudice Is a greater OBJ
staclc than tariffs or unreg,,lated trade. 1t
Is not enough tn send abroad circulars and
price-lists. Sample depots. with compel
ent agents 10 make known the character.
uses. and qualities Of our inventions, are
what is needed. Patience and persever-
ance on the part Of these agents are also
required in dealings with the people II
Europe. With these. success Is sure. In
novations, and especially American innOva-
tons. are generally repugnant to Europe
ans, but this prejudice has already yielded
in marked degree. There is DOW no
difficulty with articles like hour, bacon,
lard. petroleum, and breadstuffs. Petrole-
um met with universal opposition at first,
but Is now introduced into the homes of
the better classes a. well as among the
poor. Indian corn has vet To overcome .
prejudice like that which few years ago
assailed petroleum.
The peasant Of Belgium not only feeds
himself but his horse On coarse black rye
bread. Indian com, substantially unknown
TO HIN, would lie cheaper and more nu-
tritious. He needs To be taught this The
importation 81 this grain has largely in
creased in Belgium Al this applies
with nearly equal force To our canned
fruits. vegetables and meats. These are
CONSTANTLY overcoming hostility and pre-
JUDGE. and their use Is increasing In many
places. Competent agents have secured
th.s.. ends. Similar education Il needed
n introduce largely our perfected stoves.
ranges. carriages. etc The Consul. there
fore. urgently recommends that AnefscAa
manufacturers and producers combine and
establish agencies for the purpose Of edu-
eating Eurufe~ns UP to the use Of our
machines and products. Comb<nasn
would .. more economical than separate
agencies for Different articles. and quite -
en.-ctrai. A. some experiments have dem
ot,.,r.,e,t. He is decsdenly OF The opinion
,ha: Consu!s should not b. ae~nss. and
should give only disinteressed asd IN the
business
The United Sssses Coa=al At Copcnhaen
Mr.. Hrnry B. Ryder. sends 20 TIE De-
rartmenf Il State . reporf q s6srs N
b..nr.ark.rAs ln other countries. eenefai
s,aenasSm prevails. Tise causes be en-
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18

Correspondence Of the Baltimore Sun.

Correspondence OF the Il Baltimore Sun
Permit me to say a few words, however.
on this subject rs to the p,odus operandi
Of journalists on the chief London press
Since Mr.. Delaine has ceased to be the
chief leader" editor Of the Times and is
valetudinarian In the South Of France.
many changes have taken place in the
writing departments Of The Fourth
Estate Thunderer.' Three representa-
tives Of the three great universities-Ox-
ford. Cambridge and Trinity College.
they respectively write. There is always
a supply of old stock leaders ready in type.
held in abeyance for the proper time, in the
Tunes chief Office. These are under lock
and key and the supervision and custody
81 two men, who are held responsible for
them. Obituary criticisms Of celebrated
men or personages % the world are alwa, $
ready in type subject to finish or amend
ment- One gentleman in particular has
charge Of this department with some three
or four sub-eii:ors under him. Most Of
the leaders OF the Tmes on daily events
that are fresh are written by the Uniyer-
sitv men I allude to. They sit In council
and amend, alter or reject. as seems pru-
dent This Il done between the hours Of
10 and Il p. m / have known, however
the best leaders. written for the Timss Of
the same day 1t ; q m. or two hours BE-
fore going to press. The late Lofd Pal
merston frequently sent leaders to the
TSnes. after debate in Parliament. when
the clock was striking four in the morning.
His mode was after this manner: Lord
Palmerston's compliments to the editor Of
the T~,s. and begs To say Here CON-
Draced the leader. the chief night editor
frst carefully examining II and cutting ca
the bit above quoted before sending IL to
the compositors OF chief foreman Al
pccsent this foreman os press manager Is
Mr. NacDonaid, Scoschmsn 10 about 81
years of age. but . keen and far seeing
man.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18
aness do these daily predictions fail Of

tances do these daily predictions fail of
falfillment.
The reason these prophecies are so true
is A simple and vet q wonderful one. The
weather itself tells the observer wha; it is
going to do, some t1me in advance. and
the telegraph sends the news all over the
country, from the central signal Office At
Washington.
We shall see, presently. how the wealth
er interprets itself to odd Probabilities.
Although it has proved such a fruitful sub
iect Of discourse in all ages, Yet l am
afraid many people who pass remarks up
ON il do not really think what the weather
is made Of. Let US examine its different
elements.
The atmosphere has weight, just rs wa
ter or anv other fluid. although il seems
n, h, perfectly bodiless. We must COM
prehend that the transparent, invisible air
il pressing inward to the center III the
earth. The pressure varies according Ia
the state of the weather. and the chances
are Indicated by an instrument called a
barometer. Generally speaking. the fall
ing Of the mercury in the tube of the ba-
rumeter indicates rain. and its rise heraids
clear weather. Sometimes the rise i fol-
lowed bv cold winds. frost and ice What
these changes really Indicate. however.
can be determined only by comparing tina
barometric changes, at certain hours, In g
number II places very far apart. This Is
is done by the signal service Observa-
tions are made at about 40 stations. in
different portions Of the country, Mt given
hours. and the results are telegraphed at
once tn Washington. where our faithful
weather clerk receives them. reasoning
out from them the probabilities which
he publishes three times in every twenty
four hours.
But the atmosphere varies not only I'm
weight, but also in temperature. The
Thermometer tells US of such changes.
Besides this, the air contains great
amount OF moisture. and il shows as much
variation in this characteristic as in the
others. For the purpose of making known
the changes in the moisture III the atmos-
phere, an instrument has been invented
called -wet-bulb" thermometer.
We are thus enabled Ia ascertain the
weight or pressure, the temperature, and
the wetness Of the air. and now il only re-
mains for US 10 measure the force. and
point out the direction. Of the wind. This
is done by the familiar weathcr-vanc AMI
the thermometer. The vane shows the
direction, and the thermometer * an in
strument which indicates the velocity al
the wind.
1t is by right understanding of all
these instruments that the signal service
officer is enabled to tell what the weather
says Of itself; for they arr the pens with
which the weather writes out the facts
from which the officer makes up his re-
ports for the benefit Of all concerned.
Thus, however wildly and blndly the
storm NAV seem Ia come. ii sends mes
sengers telling just where il arose, what
course it will take and how far ii will ex-
tend. But il tells its secrets Ia those only
who pay strict attention.
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18
ABOUT the WEATHER.
rrrum g. Ss<a,nias ior Jsiv-l

HS~ Osa fV~SosssessSs sSesSSe~s "a sV~"ss
gas CAss0>s.
rTrusn g. Ss<bnias sor Jsivl
One WIN h popularity known under the
somewhat disresprrtfui title q Old Prob.
Of -Obd Probabilities hes become the
heralt of The weafber to the sailor. near
tb~ rocky dAn9efDsA enAsts. to tbe farfa
er. watching his cycp-. and waiting foe
rood DAYS % same them. tO the tsaysssr.
anxiou. n purroe hss jourp~y under fair
skS-a, IN. to the giris and boys who want
10 know. besoe- tts~y start o. the Woods
for . pScnic. what ere the probabilities
- 10 rain
Every one Who r,ads the daily psys-s h
familiar With tb~ -vesfhs4 B~sri.- -
sued frvm the War Department ofsc- ~
the ChSsf SiGnal OdBoss. .; Washington
These reports giv>. Ara. . eeo>ri ssA;e-
nent a vha4 the ueaxAe1 has h-->n. fdr
the pasf twenty -soun hours. aA over the
coQnfSy. fru0 0aiDe - California. and
fruu TIE iakes % she 8nueA AslapxSe stsss~:
spd thea TIE -ProkakAlfse~.- 90 India
tjnna. su~ tie nexf ssensy -four bcurs.
over The nDe bruad tarisRy. Tse 80
nuaI repuss q The Chsef sir-A O0o~s
shcs DIT IN oosy Comparatively s~v ms
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18
American Narrow Gauges.

An English writer thus speaks Of mar
row gauge railroads in the United States:
With these preliminary remarks, l will
proceed te describe the narrow gauge or
3-feet railways Of the United States at the
present time. There are companies form
ed to build about 1878 miles Of these mar
row gauge lines. OF these there are about
200 miles at present in operation. The
Denver and Rio Grande is proposed to be
about 200 miles long, and Of these 2lO
miles are completed. 1t is difficult to give
a general summary Of the cost Of this line
because the capital expended In almost all
cases includes work on the portions of line
which are still In progress. The estimate
Of the probable cost, which the promoters
Of the narrrow- gauge system give. Is Is
Gall
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18

The Naevs-o erzsA-<ast<s. Tia Esa
HimA. l.ss5y saSf u ls3y ~ tbe exssrt.
e . rvyal h<~aSf~~s n B~stsn. Tia: ie 80
. nsDch- nzarrs~d f,&a. had thsfy -s>ss
v4v~s sf,d tuea;y-str etisssrn. lat ss<sr~
he 6~pArf1r~ frssn ssese b. lad r-sfrsd
TIE pse.s<sR hfell>x-zce ;sss kss fxrssiiy
I'D ks<n is.er>s~~i ty svs sev eSszsfs.srs-
The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18

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The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18

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The Saline County journal. [volume] (Salina, Kan.) 1871-1893, 1878-07-18

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Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01

I've in the midst of this yield during it,
height, TOR six or eight months, II would
seem enormous crops might hc OH
tanned We arc informed iii history,
that tho ancicnt Egyptians II tho Nile
made i practical success ot these float
ing apiarics, and that they we're warmed
Whom il WAS time to return home hy the
depth to which the boat sank in the
water under the Weight af the cargo of
honey, That the bees might not be
lost, the apiary VAS tleatcd To n new field
during the night. Something similar,
located ON wheels 10 he drawn Ivy horses.
has hecn suggested, hut NJ believe never
sttemptrd,
kEErlNG Sunk CHAN. II ought to
he the duty of the stock men to see
that all cattle that are kept constantly
tied up should rccciNea thorough brush.
ing daily. Stock that are accustomed
10 have their heads tied get very dirty
about the neck and shoulders unless
they receive Il careful grooming
Cleanliness i very essential 10 cattle
always under cover, not only because
disease il thereby prevented. hut also
maturitr great deal quicker, when
carefully tended, than when they are
not. Cattle kept in hammclS or loose
hoXcs do not, perhaps, require M much
attention as those whose heads are
tied to- the STALL Ms they can with free.
dom lick themselves, hut they should
not I've neglected on that account and
the careful stock farmer will do well to
see that his stock man gives them prop
or attention. - London LiW Stock IOtSndi.
Too MANY kINrS or PLANTS, One Of
the most serious mistakes which almost
every one makes in eultlvating house
plants, Il in trying to keep too great u
variety, Professional florists, ~ well
as amateurs, fall into tho same error
and the results ne, failures with u
greater or less number Of species, II
the house is kept warm enough 10 make
u certain species Of plant thrive, Others
tire il too high FOR them. and mildcw
and rust follow. An atmosphere III
which gcranums and hcliotropes thrive
is too warm for cnmelias, henths, and
nnlens. The beautiful orchids are Ger
hlnly very tempting plants, but ono
needs house especially arranged for
their culture. and the same il true with
many other orders, families and genera;
and il il far better to contnc onrsclvcs
to u few species, and Of these select tho
best varieties growing there to pcrtcc-
tiun than to undertake more than We
Gun accomplish. certainly do not
caim to have escaped falling into this
far too common error Of trying to cult
vatc great variety selected for II wide
range Of families hut each year re-
solve To lessen the number and come
nearer perfection with tho remainder.
Ladies' often complain of certain plants
failing under the best care they can
give, while others succeed perfectly,
which only shows that different pMnts
require widely different treatment
Rurai NW Yorker.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01
on GUARD.

Aasi for the fs.c u mothers whose zirlsar. still
unwed
Til henght which pails me often, like neural
gia III the head.
y hen think Of the weary watches and the toll
they undergo,
Al FOR III sake OF Mayward Maud or spot, un-
grateful Flo.
Hhaev has been in a ballroom and marked some
faCes there
And could not preach sermon on the aciaG pow.
or Of care!
Or who, if he ever piiies would fail 10 pity those
Whose days are one onc : ruggle, whose nj Ghts
have no repose!
All whir away, young maidenr, in the swift.
ecStatis dance,
With cheeks that huru with beauty, with shy CO.
queitish ganec
no yon ever think in sneh moments il YOU ever
think 81 all
~ the love which waits and watches on those
loul ses by the WALTZ
10 you ever dream Of the dangers those prudent
eyes behold,
When you IN Your happy folly take the tnsel's
fash for gold,
And are very near bestoHing the treasure of your
We
On the / awk no hides his cold, bad self meath
the plumase Of the dovef
Well perhaps we should not blame you too much
thar you forget
The wor is all so pleasant, 'twere hard to Doubt
II yet;
But the time is surely coming when the love OF a
mothers heart
WiIl be Just the owe You will ycarn for and the
world cannot impartl
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01

she bent over her husbands chair and
threaded carcSsinylA his auhurnrcd
curlS with her tender fingers,
| ~" more than happy, my wife; !
am grateful Il God for you and tor this
new litr that | believe, has made me Il
better man"
As he spoke, i small sealed package
was brought up to them.
From my uncle, he observed, NOT
ing the >erawling address,
They had mt been haeudN since
Algcrnou's second marriage The old
gentleman had been tleased to stigma-
tie his nephew Il "QuiNotie fool, and
the world Was mostly . the same
opinion.
'' apologize, wrote the rich man,
for all harsh things have thought
and said Of YOU. want 10 know your
wiic She has made man OF Il spend
thrift, and thus must he worth knowing.
Beg her % accept, With my regards,
this set Of diamonds have discovered
that You can make money noy quite as
fast ns You used 70 waste il; therefore
consider yourself rs my hcW have
made my will to that effect, and send
hereby the first ten thousand of what
Mill soon be Your own.
There was but little more of this
concise and direct epistlc; hut there
were tears in the husbands eyes US he
chspcd in Susy's shell.like ears and
about her lovely neck and arms the
precious jewels.
Let us change the proycrb, dear,
he said
Money is potent, but low is omnipo-
tent, for has not all my good fortune
come to me for love Of Susy p
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01
A Quaint Epitapll.

The quaint cpitaph given below IL u
transcript from Il course yellow sheet
which wns given me by II Indy nov IN
her s6th year, who still retains her fac.
ulticH and ii member Of the Prcsbytc.
rian Church corner Of Ffthavcnuc and
Eleventh street (Dr. Pnxtons.) II be-
longcd to her husband, and wns given
to him hy Miss Peggy Patton, who
copied il from the stone. The lines
ARE copied with the same capitals used
in the document. In her l25 years Of
life, truly Margaret Scot witnessed
many great events. H. ID. N.
New York, 73 Madison avenue.
An inscription on the tombstone OF
Margaret Scot, who died at Dalkcith.
twelve miles from Newcastle, February
8, 1888
stop passenger until my lfe you've read,
The living may ret knowledge by the Dead
Five times rive Years lived il Virgin t.llc,
Ton times lyr Years | Mnr VIrtnnua WIFE,
lrn times Ave Years llyd u Widow chnrtc,
Now tired VI this m rial life rest
I. nom my Cradle TO my Irnyr have Rstn
Eight mighty kingA OF .eOtlund ana queen.
-Four times i've Yenrr the ommO wou ~ HhW
Ten Times tho Subjects r saRalnst the I.nw.
Twice did old rreacy pull'd down,
Ana twiCc the l,ilk war hnmblrd by the gown,
An cGd or LuartH race AnW no mere
pnw my country - q for knglish Urei
such Drto tun In my time hnd been
have Hn End Of NIL perfection eecn.
NaU York Obssrpsr.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01

A Kansas woman has reached the
age OF one hundred and thirty years,
and it is pttiable sight TO see her one
hundred-year old son sit in the corner
and wripgle, while he sobs. Ma, kin ]
10 outY
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01

a young man who left home in Con
nccticnt, some years ago, 10 seek his
fortune, recently wrote from Texas. say
ing, 1--WE settled here II has since
trlnspircd that he was right lie had
settled nj twenty cents on the dollar.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01

What IL the bcst remedy" asked
preacher of il shrewd observer, for an
inattentiyc audienco2e Give them
u attend to- was the signiii-
cant reply. Hungry sheep will look
up ID tie rack II there IA hay il il. ]"
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01

A man with four bullet holes in his
body was found neur Nashville, the
other day, \ poem entitled THE
Beautiful Sn-p vas discovered in his
pocket and no attempt was made 10 ap
prehcnd the murderer.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1878-02-01
" FOR LOVE OF SISY."
R4 EITlE ROGERS.

"For love shall still be lord OF all"
SIR WALrSR scorr.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1878-05-29
A Mountain Bursting.

An Asheville, North Carolina dispatch
of May 2lst says, great excitement pre-
walls throughout the western portion OF
this state, particularly along the ridge
of Bald Mountain. About two years
ago, it will be remembered. great excite
wonderful and inexplicable noises heard
in the bowels of Bald Mountains. Sci
entists from all sections of the country
visited the neighborhood where these
strange sounds were heard, but never
gave any intelligent reasons for the
strange phenomena. On Saturday these
rumbling sounds in the bowels of the
mountain were again heard, and the
people living along the mountain-side