davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-12-12
(CoMMUNICATED.)
Homemade Manure.
APEX, n. c., Dec. 6, rs.

AATE w., bCC. W, ~.
The crop is now about gath
cred, and [ want to jog my bro
ther farmers memory of one
thing needful at this time of the
year, And that is this: Start
at once to making manure for
the next crop. You can make
enough to save the expense of
buying at least two tons of gu
ano, which will cost at least
eighty dollars, and will improve
the land enough to pay for
gathering it and putting on the
land. This amount l am cal
culating to the horse. Suppose
you have a four horse farm,
here you save three hundred and
twenty dollars. That looks bet
ter than losing that amount by
buying guano and leaving the
land as poor as it was before it
was put upon it. [ speak from
experience, for l have tried both
ways !; and in fact it will not do
at all for a farmer to buy every
thing to put upon his land. He
must raise it at home, or not
have it at all; not even cotton
seed at ten cents a bushel. Let
see something about how we
will go about raising and max
ing manure. The man that will
raise five bags of cotton to the
horse will have one hundred and
forty bushels of seed. Leave
forty to plant. Then he will
have one hundred bushels for
manure. They will make three
thousand pounds. Every care
full farmer will make at least five
hundred lbs. of stable manure
per month to the horse that
Will make six thousand lbs.
Here Is nine thousand in all.
Now the cattle, hogs and sheep:
think there should be to every
horse at least three head of cat
tie, eight hogs, and at least twen-
ty head of sheep. Now you can
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-12-12
For the FARMER AND MECHANIC.
APEX, \. c., Dec. z, 1873.

APEX, n. c., Dec. z, 1873.
In accordance with previous an
nouncement a number Of farmers
and mechanics met at the office Of
J. Nice. Ellington, on the 22nd of
November, for the purpose of or
ganizing a Farmer and Mechanics
Club. The assembly proceeded to
business by first eliecting a tenn
porary organization, and after
stating the object of the meeting a
permanent organization was gone
into.
The club decided to have its
meetings on the first and third
Monday nights of each month.
Before the meeting adjourned some
very enthusiastic speachifying was
lnculged in by different members
of the club. All seemed satisfied
they had made a step in the right
direction. All went away deter
mined to work for the enlargement
of the club by their next meeting,
which was held on the night of the
2nd Of December, a goodly number
being present. After the intro
ductlon Of some new members, &c.
the subject for discussion was call
ed for, to wit: When and how
should land be prepared for the
different crops, oats, wheat, rye,
corn, cotton, &C.? The general
conclusion arrived at was that far
mers did not prepare their land as
thoroughly as they should for oats,
wheat and rye, and generally seed
ed down too late.
AS to Spring crops it seemed to
be the sense Of the club that for
light soils 1t was best to let the
land remain undisturbed through
Fall and Winter, and at the Spring
prepare thoroughly and plant in
good time.
The general impression of the
club seem to be that our system of
farming has many defects, and
that the times demand that we
should make some changes.
The buying of manipulated gu
amos should cease !; farmers should
raise their own and buy
no fertilizing material, except to
compost with other manures.
The club is now fairly to work,
and we confidently believe good
will result from this move.
A MEMBER.
Glad to hear of this. ED. F. & NJ.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-12-12
IMPORTANT LENT
BY THE GRAND MASTER
OF NORTH OLINA
GRANGE
MASTERS OFFICE.
y. G.. STATE GRANGE.
CHARLOTTE. Aug. 81. lS1sy


Bros ]. L. Winston W. I. Cobb
and J. 4. Harris were appointed a
Committee on the Organ under the
above resolution. SAID committee
have reported hat they have
made satisfactory arrangements
with the FARMER AND MECHANIC.
an Agricultural Journal, published
IN the city of Raleigh. and do re-
commend the FARMER AND Me
CHANIC S the organ of our order.
Patrons,-lt is with pleasure |
announce to YOU hat the FARMER
AND MECHANIC is the organ of our
order. In 1t Will be published all
reports and communications from
the Masters office and the office of
the Executive Committee, that
can be made public. Each patron
should not only subscribe for it.
but should send to the manager all
"items" that will be of general in
terest to our order. Masters and
Secretary's of subordinate oranges
will have this announcement read
before their respective oranges.
Trusting that each of you will aid
IN extending the circulation of our
organ and in building it up.
| am, fraternally,
S. B. ALEXANDER,
Master n. G.. State Grange.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-12-12
COMMUNICATED
MARKET FOR FARM PRO
DUCE.
Whence it Comes.

That the shoemaker, the tailor,
the blacksmith and the mechanic
find respectfully a market for
their various ware among those
persons not engaged In the same
pursuits with themselves. is a truth
which probably few will be found
to question. With the farmer it is
much the same. He has little or
no occasion to sell to or buy from
his fellow farmer, and must there
fore look for a market to those
persons who, not being producers
of agricultural products, have no
need to purchase them. This be-
ing the case, it may be asserted as
a fact s o clear and unquestionable
as to need nc proof, that the inter-
est of the farmer is to be promoted
by increasing the proportion of the
people engaged in other than agri-
cultural pursuits. Every influence
exerted to draw men from agrlcul-
tural into other engagements, not
only tends to increase the market
for farm produce, but becomes an
advantage to the farmer by reduc-
ing the number of those competing
for the existing market for the
produce. AS, however, the people
of a country live substantially off
the products of that country, it is
also for the interest of the farmer.
that as large a proportion as posi-
BILE OF those not engaged in agri-
culture should be occupied in pro-
ductive pursuits, the entire body of
non-producers drawing their susie
nance from producers. 1t is in
view OF these things, a matter of
deep concern to the farmer that
there should be a diversity of pro-
ductlve pursuits, that with a large
and increasing number of miners,
operatives, artisans, mechanics and
engineers, there should be a large
and ever-growing market for pro-
ducts of agriculture. The farmer
who has a market close at hand,
carries his produce there at a tri-
fling expense.
In selling directly to the con-
sumner, he receives from him the
full amount paid by the consumer.
He who, on the contrary, is depen-
dant upon a distant market, is
either obliged to pay directly the
cost of transportation to that mar
ket, or to sell his produce to the
middle man or trader, and receive
therefor the amount paid by the
consumer less the transportation,
storage and profits of the various
parties who stand between the pro-
ducer and consumer.
Hence, by examination of the
Northern and Eeastern markets,
We find the farmer who lives near
the cities of Boston, New York,
Philadelphia and Baltimore get one
dollar a bushel for corn, while those
in Illinois, Indiana and Iowa only
get from fifteen to twenty-five
cents, the difference being paid to
railroads for transportation be-
tween the points of production
and consumption. 1t is clearly
manifest that it is the interest of
the farmer to have the consumer
brought as nea to the side of the
farmer IS possible. Every i'm
provemept in this direction then
should be to the farmer a cause of
congratulation. d. A. NJ.
Co. SHOPS, n. c., Nov. 80, 1878.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-12-12

The mean temperature for the state was
onite normal for october, differing but one
degree from the standard ngure- Inc MAY
innnn c three degrees and the Minimum
two degrees lower than usual, showing q
consid rably greater range of thermometer
than omInGn The rain fali l. nearly twenty
~ rer cent i'm excess of the usual amount
for this month, although the number Of
cloudy days was only two above the average,
an 7 at II the clear days but one less. The
mean humidity hover was very high, In ex-
ca.s ~ more than 30 per cent. W G. h.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-12-12

Some few days ago as a little
daughter Of Alexander Wadsworth,
Esq, was going to the Shallow
Well church, she picked up a piece
OF gold weighing six pennyweights
and six grains.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1878-08-23
$500 % IN CIT IS
Il. be distributed among Subscribers
JULY =, 1879.

Every Subscriber ~ia paws 81 =. CIR wears
~rripfinr share Ia lhs distribution ~ lifs
Premium Lists and >reclmen Copies sent vawg NJ
pilcaihm send rrintiasces nv Drafi, Express Post
siics Order ~ Registered LETTER.
Address COURIER co. Evansville iuI.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1878-08-23

y. IA large stock ~ the host tin-wa
holIow-wAre, hardware, cutlery, A.; aIso =
great ynrtoty ~ goods ~ All kSnds ~ Ma
uns - pusinsss, which viii be sold % tho
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1878-08-23

AFFERS for sale the following dcsir-
~ able tracts:
No. 3.--aso acres 81 good land a. Hall township
within mile Of the Air Line. Al prices that wi u suit
you. All timber.
No. $50 acres Of 90 Oh Land in Hall township. fol
~ 50 per The oak timber Il Is worth double
the price.
No. 34-i20 acres ofnnimproved land
at the crossing OF the Rockliort and Air
Line Railroads near Huntingburgh,
with enough timber for fire wood on il
to pay for 1t.
provemcnfs upon II. in the town Of Huniingburg.
No $50 acres 81 finely simbered Land IN Marion
township, Dubois county cleared. has small
log house II well watered. and undcrsid with coal.
about miles from Jasper and lays well 10 make nice
farm el0 per acre; one-haf cash. balance time.
No s9&0 acres IN Spencer county. at the crossing
Of the Railroad and the Ferdinand and Dale read: 81
cleared good house. barn, &C.. rIrniy q good
water 700 fine fruit plenty % coal Cheap
| a. $3.50; half cash. balance In year.
No. 1oo-l2 acres Of land ~ Shot creek bridge
on Jasper and Huntingburg road--cheap AZ $5oo. Al
timber.
Ferdinand road miles from st. Henry and miles from
Maria Hill. and miles from Ferdinand. "a acres 81
cleared land fine brick building. 5 rooms and cellar
two good barns; plenty q water; two good orchards
good timber. &C.. &C. Cheap
CLEMENT DoANE offers his services
Ito the public for the sale or trade
|of real estate. without making any
charge TO parties employing him, un-
less salcSare effected, and then a reason
able commission is expected. Persons
having real estate 10 sell will find this a
desirable means Of reaching the pufcIias-
ling public.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1878-08-23

WANTED.-Wheat, corn, oats. beans,
dried fruits, feathers, eggs and butter,
which will be taken at HIGHEST market
rates, in PAYMENT Of ACCOUNTS or in
exchange for goods.
All persons Indebted 70 me, will please
oall ~ the First Of December and
oottIo ~ oash, Produooo o. Mote.
Sept. =, '77-sf. .. KuGBlER.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1878-08-23

am just ~ receipt ~ rwFNTy-ri,r rnscs
of Mcns, Ladies aud Chilarcns' Sizes. ~
the brsi Spring styles. aud NJ rnicts
Mems Calf Shoes. warranted NJ S1..O ,o
sl.75; Women's Fine Kid Side ard
Front Lace. warranted 81 S1.60 "a Si.75
per pr. Clildrcns shoes NJ 2bc 10 $40
per pr. always keep the largest stock
in IInntimgburg, and prices lower than
IN The cities.
HENRY LANDGKEnE.
IIl.Nr Anri
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
4 VALUABLE RECIPE.

Forpain and inflammation caused
by fresh wound, I've, (made Ct COM
mon wood ashes is one OF the best
applications. | learned from an
old citizen here that many years ago
he cut his foot with an axe, which
infamed and gave him great pain.
A neiohbor sent him word to battle
it in I've, and keep a cloth wet with
it laid over the wound. He said
when first put on it gave him IN
tense pain for a few minutes, but
the pain soon passed away, when
he felt perfectly easy his foot gave
him no more pain and was soon
we'll.
A man near here recently had
II of his fingers bitten very Sc
verely by a dog, in catching a hog,
which gave him SO much pain that
he made up his mind to have it cut
oft, but his neighbor who had tried
the I've on his foot, sent word to
him to battle it in I've. He did
so, which gave him immediate re-
lief, and his finger was soon well.
f. j. c..
Rose Hill, Miss, June a, 1873.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
Saved by Her Dog.

Mrs. Edwin French, of London
derry, VT, attempting to draw
water from Il well vas thrown into
the well by the breaking Of a board.
The water was deep, but she
managed to keep her head above
the surface by clinging to the pump
pipe. There was no person with
in sound of her voice, but the fam
ly dog, a faithful and intelligent
animal, went to the well and look
ed in. Mrs. French asked him, as
she would have asked a human be-
ing, if he could not get help. The
dog took in the situation instantly,
and bounded away towards the
bayfield,, where Mr.. French was at
work. Arriving there he made a
terrible uproar, and persisted in
his wild actions, until Mr.. French
fearing that something had hap
pened, followed him to the well,
and saved his wife from drowning.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12

unscrupulous men can buy and pub
lish. or greedy news vendors spread
broadcast throughout the city.
There are published in the city of
New York every week not less than
ten newspapers whose titles denote
that they are intended exclusively
for boys and young men, and as
many monthly magazines, all TILED
with such matter as no boy, and no
young man, can read without till
ing his mind with preposterous
bosh; trash fatal to the storing up
Of anything useful or true; stories
in which the outcaSt, the desperate,
and the criminal always figure IN
glowing c%olors, and the decent
person is overthrown and thorough
Iy Notwithstanding.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
Poisonous Reading for the
Young.

One Of the most wicked practices
in this money-making age is the
publication Of the cheap, trashy
literature which is demoralizing
the youth Of our country. People,
as a class, are too negligent about
what their children read, content if
they only see them engaged with
some book. A glance at our pc
riodical stands will show what kind
Of literary food large portion Of
the reading youth I fattening
upon. Thieves, burglars and prize
fighters are made the heroes Of ex-
citing tales. Crime is invested
with the halo of romance, and the
worst teachings OF lust and licenti-
business are inculcated. Let Christ
ian parents keep a close watch over
the stories and narratives which
their children are reading. The
danger of their being poisoned in
the mind and heart must be great
indeed when even a secular paper
like the New York Times, in a long
article on Rank Literature for the
Young says: The boys of New
York are furnished every week with
as vile and degrading a supply OF
Hash and corruption literature as
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12

coming year an experiment on even
a small scale to prove this theory.
They could, in the center of a
piece Of ground or at the sides or
any part of a field, close each alter
nate tooth or pocket of the drill,
and next spring hoe by hand or by
cultivator, drill or other nipple
ment cultivate the rows and at har-
vest there would be conviction as
to tie result such as to warrant IN
the future the adoption or not OF
the new theory, which, as yet, as
far as tried by experiment, seems TO
be the true plan to get a large yield
from less grain sown on the some
quantity OF land.-Noryland Fur
MR..
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
How to PlOw.

In his address onplowing, before
the State Board of Agriculture OF
Connecticut, Prof. Stockbride said:
ssThere are two kinds of soil on
every mans farm-the agricultural
soil and the subsoil. The agricul-
tural soil may be too inches deep,
or it may be nine, but it is not
twenty feet. 1t is no deeper than
the air can penetrate. IT the ag-
ricultural is too shallow it may be
gradually dcepened by lifting an
inch of the subsoil at each blowing,
bringing it up to the air and en-
riching it with manure. Our ag-
ricultural society committees, by
their premiums for smooth shiny
flat burrows, have done the com
munity great harm. Such as Of
tenest takes the premium is the
very poorest kind of blowing. The
soil is best plowed when it is most
thoroughly crushed, twisted and
kroken with the sod we'll covered.
On SOM. kinds of land | would
have the burrows Tapped an inch,
as the Canada farmers pillow. Let
the air and water have 4 chance to
circulate underneath the surface.
Light lands, however, should have
a flat furrow; we wish to make such
lands more compact.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
A Brace of Valuable Recipes.

Some friends, who have tested
and found them of great value, send
the following recipes:
RECIPE FOR THE CURE OF POISON
ING FROM POISON OAK, SUMAC,
IVY, ETC.
Dissolve 10 drops bromine IN one
half ounce of olive oil or glycerine.
Rub on the affected part three or
four times ! day, washing it off oc-
casionally with CASTLE soap.
1t is we'll not TO make up more
than the above quantity at one me,
as the bromine Is volatile.
Mobile, Alabama. II. Is.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
Curious Optical Experiments.

/. Fold a sheet Of writing paper
INTO A tube whose diameter IS about
three centimetres IAN inch or so).
Keeping both eyes open, look
through the tube with one eye, and
look at the hand with the other,
the hand being placed close by the
tube, extraordinary phenomenon
Will he observed. A hole the size
of the tube Will appear cut through
the hand, through which objects
are distinctly visible. That part
of the tube between the eye and
hand will appear transparent, as
though the hand were seen through
it.
2. D1op a blot of ink upon the
palm of the hand, at the point
where the hole appears to be, and
again observe as before. Unless
the attention be strongly concen-
trated upon objects e through
the tube, the ink spot will be vlsl-
bic within the tube (apparently),
but that part of the hand upon
which it rests will be invisible, UNI
less special attention be directed on
the hand. Ordinarily the spot will
appear Opaque. BY directing the
the tube upon brilliantly illumi-
mated objects, it will, however, APP
pear transparent, and may be made
to disappear by proper effort. BY
concentrating the attention upon
the hand, it may also be seen with
in the tube Especially if strongly
| illuminatcd) }, that part Immediate
ly surrounding the ink spot appear
ing first.
3. Substitute for the hand a
sheet of unrulcd paper, and for the
ink spot Il small hole cut through
the paper. The small hole Will ap-
pear within the tube, distinguish
ing itself by its higher illumina
ton, the paper Immediately sur
rounding it being invisible. Many
other curious experiments will sug-
gest themselves. For example: If
AN %ink-spot somewhat larger than
the tube be observed, the lower end
of the tube will appear to be black
ened on the inside.
4. Look through a paper tube
with one eye at green paper, and
thrO1ghanother tube with the other
eye, at red paper. The paper
Should be Illuminated by the direct
solar ray. The two c%olors, at first
vivid, are rapidly enfeebled. After
half a minute, transfer beth eyes tc
either one of the papers, say red.
To the eye fatigued by green, the
red color is very brilliant, and the
effect is the more striking on ac-
count of the simultaneous impress
sions now received by the two eyes
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12

SOMETHING ABOUT BEFrS
This has been n good wear for .
vegetable, and the finest beet. .
have ever seen have been raised
this community. There have l.
exhibited At Or. Crawford's 6~..
store. DR.. Paschall raised on
weighing seven and one-torr.
pounds. That was consldcras -.
fine beet. Mr.. ". :. G-.rr-
brought in one, that weighed aH
| ounce. But Or. IIerndon .ar.
them all with one twentv-seya~
two-thlrds inches in circumfe-a.
and weighs thirteen ana ou.-
pounds. The largest beat we
Of pulls down the scales 10 tl.. ..-
Of 40 pounds-its a " dea, l...
Torch Qht.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
The Results of Cooperation

The following statement IS not
coniectural, but from actual bust
ness done by the st. Louis Pur-
chasing Agency. The amount
saved to Patrons for six months
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12
s.1.4SS.OO

The Ainsworth Cooperation
Store, at Ainsworth, Washing Co.,
Iowa, sold during its first year
s12, 900 worth of goods on a capital
of s2,211, and at the end OF the
year year the total assets were
1898. 80.
North Somerset Grange, III
Maine, began with a capital OF
81. 2OO-sales IS, 900.
Honety Grange, of the same State.
began with s4OO-trade in n
year, $1,000.
In the same State, North Liver
more Grange sold $500 on a capital
of $50.
On an investment Of $500 the
sales of Franklin (Me.) Grange
amounted to S4, 800.
A total saving of o35,921,Go.
Who will say that cooperation
does not pay ?-Fuir1ee Grange
Garner.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-09-12

| ounce. But Or. IIerndon
them al with one twentv-seya~
two-thlrds inches in circumf
and weighs thirteen ana or.-t
pounds. The largest beat we
Of pulls down the scales 10 ,l. ..-
OF 40 pounds-its a dea, I...
-Iorchlight.
The theory that plants
themselves of the free msss.r
of the air, Of which there ar. z.
sands of tons over every farm. u.
be regarded rs wrou-. sass
American AgricuIturi>t. E#..
DRY hat plants IN general. an. H..
''large-leaved' plantsin par.....
as clover, turnlps. corn. etc..
tain a good Zeal of combine. ..-.
gen ammonia and ultrutesE f.
the air by their leaves. IS H.-#.
tenable. The gram Of u..-.
from this source seems Il. g.. s.-
small indeed. The most ST the.
trogen Of our crops is got From. III.
soil through inc roots The s
gathers SONY nitrogen com .#0.-
from 'le "Il, however amt #-
extremely probable that i. assn ..
rates zee h''F'Sef' Ill" thus.
TWO ""tS, S''Ic9 up @tiA...a
nitrogen lol p'aIlI 1000. Theme
trates IN 'ile soil loFmci m.-.
from the decay ol Ic-r.aa..
amman matter, are .'he chief a...-
raj sources OF the ~hI,f'-rh "I l.ta.-
1000. AMMONIA WINCH IKE u..r.
acld' comes from Nc-'j"... ...'.
ana from mah''[GS' rs wei. As .-.-
manureS, as wei. rs from HE
y a,So "''" ~ l'''''.s'
Inc swallow, swirl "I. a.-..-
haWk II bats are the -.t...#
OF the atmosphere. lart a....
the increase Of insects NAT o-..-
wise "o"Io o'eII'I' IT,; "".~...
els, creepcIS, ana c~i'''h""..~
the guardians OF the trunks 9 ...
WARMERS ana nycatchels l...'.
the 1olla@e. biacAolf1S' '..@
thrushes ana larAS, pFo..'.
surface Oh II SOIL NA.l.
"oodcocN P[oIecC tI'e sou u1"-.
surface. Edcil VI.pe i's 1,s .'l
tive duIies 10 perform il" .o.
omy OF nature. ana II an ".'.-
ca lact thaI IL olfoS were I'LL '"
Oh Iiic lace ol tlic 'I'''' 'I''" ..
not i've upon H.; 't3et3o'.'
wilmer INC uie; 'lla' NJ !''."-
Coulu "lVllst"i1u tiI'''
a. "'' nI a a"s;st ~" - '' n,af' ...-.
L;rd,
nc use IL cnl''rIde "' I'.'
Is recommended III N'I'4t",
means OF lncre"'lh2 'He W."
wool IN sheep' ne 14.o
yoih Oh Sheep c~oll'"1LI"7
proportion ol Iill' CII,'".-'.
some German chemists '' 'I.N.
perlnleh's WIN " Nl'H %
whe1ne' Cile supply % .''.' .@'
would proh,atc grown W -..
administering chloride pa.....
in the proportion Of one ur.
chloride to nine paris S4la. ...
duction of wool NAV be- .u.r.t-
and its vualitv improved, "H..
general health of the arwa.-
the same time benefited. Is.
mcnts are being made .n .o|.
ascertain the proper g1ta'.l..
administer.
IN. 100. ao;,g -... r....
uIt not b6o generally a....