The New York herald., 1878-07-07
lUR0PE'S GREAT CONGRESS.
England'S Boosted Success and What
1t Amounts To.
WHAT WILL BE DONE.
A Battle Of the Maps-A
Feast Of Figures.
THE ANGLO-RUSSIAN AGREEMENT.
Revelations Respecting It's
Publication.
~ ~
THE ANGL0-RUSSIAN AGREEMENT.
A CLEVER ENTERPRISE


much the better for thcm II they are satisfied with
II ana elect 10 consider victory the complete. ABB
soute dennive suppression Of the treaty Of 1885,
In every OF its items and articles II would be OBJ
viousiy wrong of the outsider to take any view
OF the question. Possibly their meaning is, at bot
tom that avoid Is always victory and IN that
philosophical and highly philanthropical sense tney
undoubtedly right But as far as the negotiations
relative to the Treaty OF San Steano concerned
II they indulge IN the hope that the world at large
will consider that the submission OF the treaty
10 Congress may be looked upon by any
body defeat tor Russia they are con
sderably wrong Nobody ever doubted that
would be the ond of the business, there was
clearly alternative Tor the Northern Colossus but
remain virtually at with the subscribers OF the
treaties OF 1856 and 1871 to obtain Their adhesion
for whatever chunges the accomplished facts'' Of
1877 and 1873 may have brought into those sacro
sinct articles. Not politician In his senses ever
supposed that Russia intended TO withdraw her ar
raugements with Turkey from general sanction,
aud TO anybody familiar with the ways Of diplomacy
simply with the ways of ordinary business It was
pretty evident the that The ST. Petersburg
Cabinet by dealing first separately with each Power,
only meant TO retain much possible oil It's advan-
tages while paving the way for general settlement
"REMINISCENCES.
Such being the case and remaiuing the case after
the agreement, It highly sat-
isiactory, but at the same time somewhat comca, to
ind that tho British public generally and the tory or
gans in particular declare themselves deeply jubiIant
The fact tesles at least the excellence of
their temper and, coupled with the circumstance
that the maintenance OF peace may be chiefly ascrbed
to the gentle pressure OF the Crown Prince of Ger
many, reminds rather forcibly of the
position of that poor princelng Guiaumc OF Nassau
In his dealings with Napoleon l. About 1903, runs
thc story, the latter wanted the Duchy OF siegen,
which belonged TO the former Tor the purpose
of including it in new prnci pality, the
"Grand Duchy OF Berg" destined for his nephew,
Napoleon Louis, the son Of the King OF Holland.
Having made up his mind to take the land, the
French Emperor wanted none the loss TO 40 II with
the proper forms OF diplomacy, and accordingly ne
tntrusted General bournonvilc with the mission OF
Ssunding about It the Prince of Nassau. VINO nap
pened to DO iD PARIS. s'You must understand, my
dear urnonvilie" said the Emperor TO his agent,
'that the feelings OF the poor Prince require some
consideration; they quite natural considering that
The duchy has been for many years IN his family,
10 hope you will conduct the negotiation with due
Bare aud appropriate decacy, aud make him to
derstand grad duay that shall be especially thankful
10 him for his compliance with my wishes" Gan
right sire; can understand tho thing pretty woll,
your orders shall be obeyed," the answer OF
Napoleon oencld Bournonviie at his iev6e "welI
have you work." he asked IL am sure you
have found that poor Prince Of Nassau exceedingly
reluctant Perhaps he has i'll received your rst
turesf" "Nothing of ito kind, sire" was tho tri-
ump phant answer. "Herc have the treaty" ''rne
treaty, indeed! How did You manage TO get it SO
eoonY" 'Oh, pretty easily. went straight 10 the
Prince Yesterday afternoon and said 10 MIN, 'WeIi,
Your Royal Hsnness, the Emperor wants your
damned scrap OF land oil Sesen, and he means TO get
II, too. You are not tue stronger are you? Then
you had better give IN ut once aud cut contcnted
bgure, If am 10 advise you" "And did cut a
sontentcd ngure9'' coidly asked Napoleon. "0f
course he did; and hero Is the treaty'' Was the
Ply
With all due reverence o Her Majesty the Queen OF
Grsat Britain Ireland Empress Of India and other
lands, her Ministers cut very mucn the same ngure
just now. one month ago they were ali lre-eaiers;
r, serves and native troops were gong to Ialta;
Beet was already fitted up at Portsmouth Tor Tho
special purpose oi seamne to the Baltic No sooner,
however, had the Berlin semi-oicial press announced
that the German Chancellor might hardly permit
sucn use Of the German waters as was contemplated
Won NolKe's journey TO Copenhagen taken
pace than the special organs OF tory bonn
Grown Prince o. Germany had Two or three inter.
views with Queen Victoria and the Prime Minister,
~ ana nnaly arranged. No wonder H. under such
circumstances, The wicked world Is charitaby suppos
ing tnat the Crown Prince oil Grrmany has becn all
along playing the Beurnonvie dpIomatist IN Carlton
House terrace; aud what gives more weight 10 the
suppositon 10 the unfortunate iact that Prince Bis
marck was sure oil the unavoidable result that ne
act ualiy sent word TO the oroign courts about the
proper date Tor The Congress without even voting
Tor the conclusion OF the Ru.so-British agreement
PROsPkcrS.
After ali, II the British CABINET have chosen $50 cut
contsnted ngurs," tnat Is no conoern oil ours Tho
great the capital tact, for the world a large Is that
peace is decidedly ~ a farer way than has been the
case Tor tho or three years Whatever TIE prae
teal benefit oil war ignt have been 10 lew privae
copcerns ana interests tho possible advantages 10 the
world at largo OF general paci1cation are so obv
pus-or rather the necessity oil sucn period, which
has not beeu Judy enjoy ed since the Franco German
war, Is so universally icthat thvro can only DO one
feeling in presence OF tho Congress-namely an earn
est desire tuat It's work should end IN n depniuve
treaty. There may be fair hope, too, oi such being
the case ihe aavisabiity Tor England " she were TO
have war, Of having IL at once. was SO obvious
that the TACT Of her proceeding TO Congress must be
considered almost as an unconditional surrender,
and At least sufficient evidence that no decided hn-
drance 10 the conclusion OF peace is hcnceortn 10
come from ner. he nopeiui side Of tho event Is un
doubcdy that almost every point at stake has been
sculed precious to the meeting OF the pienipoten-
tiaries either by me slow Dut process OF pubic
discussion aud the pressure OF Independent opinion,
by the preparatory exchange OF views tho Powers
Concerned IL has not bcen u may be stated, tho least
tervai of lew mouths tv the press and 10
ponuer over and aiscuss maturcdly all the aicutes
oi the casa
rnK QUESTIONS AT srAxE.
They are not lew, To tell the truth, and they
may be said TO include almost every question
which still divides men anu peoples IN the
fourth quarter oi the nineteenth century. Above
ali, the principle vi nstionaiities has TO play a
foremost part In the debate. IL 10 at the bottom
oi almost every Claim submitted to the Congress,
Il been Tor the last nlty years at the bottom Of
almost every war in Europe Was u not for the pur-
pose OF procaing ana defending the Hellenic nation-
ality that Tue French, Euslsh and Russian govern
ments waged the war of MUres, won the battle OF
Navarino ana signe the treaty oil l52If Did not Tie
Posn question absorb Tor the next twenty i've years
the almost exclusive attention OF the worldY Was
not IN 154s tnc Hungarian rising against Austria
prompted by the same desire OF autonomy aud IN
1859 we're not The Austsns driven out VI the Italian
peninsula IN the name OF The principle of nationality
wei moi
nation2 IL may BE- truiy said that no
prncipe has ever played important
part In international AFFAIRS; aud still, wben
siders IL atentivey, II must be confessed that II Is
strangely vague IN It's definition ana Jii suit tn It's APP
plcstior IL rests obv ousy upon natural leaning.
the instinct according 10 which the human
bent In grouping themselves accordL their gyms
customs, language and common history. But pracii.
caIy II msy be asked, WHAT Is "a nationslity2 What
are ITS characefsY What ~ tho scientific dehbion OF