The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1878-02-22


nm used % receive The undcrdrajns M,
should De protected by embankncnt- NJ
i, each side, 20 thar they shou,d receive M
water except through the tiles. Indeed
N careful system of cultivation reanire.
H. tliat all surplus water should be re,,,ovad
through the soil. CLAY loa,n forms M
70 oest iIlfer Tor separating from water III
y lorganic substances. whether N snl,,;n,'
or suspension. Rain water etandi5,g AZ
a SOIL rich in decayng Substances. roo,,
roses iI- transparency ana acanires ! XXI
Rlhge more or less deep. lr IN M. c,n-
, ,ni'l"n y passes from tie surface into ,ho
cfecks anu rivers. the soil loses ihe ,no.,
! valuable pari OF the organic matter 4,
ohiains but il this colorea wa,or H.
showed 10 pcrcOlate through t,vo III
hfte icef 81 clay loan. ihe water IL All.
chAigcd from the tile- ~ fransn,ro,,
'nd pure q spring water. Bit rai,N
III "sieI, especially alter Il lung sumner
hrouih, holds ia solution carLoni. ar;,
= lthu ammonia in varying pronor,ion.
~ passing downward tliror,.yh M. so;,
me hrst % these com bines win lir,e
potash, oxide IF iron or any ofher l.,.s
"hsch i nsay ilnd. where il j. hela 4. ~.
!, gradually liberated for The use M MI
|, ,lsroWin2 crops. Ia like manncr a,n,uo-
~ WI &c retained bs sulphur. chlorine
joF any 81 ne orgauic acids. rcslltiug
prom ne decay 81 animal or ye,eta INK .
A'iu iiie compounds OF ammonia heinz
FHfh-lt soluble in water w,Il he b.lIil
Iih We soil lof future u~...
IAiiiiet would be shocked ~ IA flaa
~ wasting aye bushels OF grain NJ ,.,,.i,
acre ne culsivate~. but il woull III nn
"o'.e '''in - suilcr Tie material for tl,e
production oi - much grain 10 take \
lfip uo"n Inc Mis-i>sipli river.
Inc physical condition Of Tia eo;l 4
hcariN - Important 10 is~ fertility ~ n.
rne'nieal composition. Dy The term !
physical condition mean the ,iucncss a
~ ,ir psrilcies Of which il II compa.odl
anu 'iic ease with which il may be pul-
IVefi@eh' Now these properties Of 4 soil /
nrlenn largely upon iis perfect arcatinn. 4
" X" i'as hut observed The condition oIa
N ciAl Nu"-"ii ilrowncnt DIN ditch three I,
s,e' nTep during The first months Of ~ In
Npv>ure: u nakeS ia the sun shine aud In
o'e""ne- III harH ~ a Mexican adobe la
ou' GranuaIiN. under exposure 10 atmos- :,
pn1iic lhIil"nces. il crumblo. Jn,vn lle
Nan4rs ~ color aud all ~ properii... ~
*"h = aireciiy converted info 4 tine lr.
''I''r sou. = similar change iS. IA sn,nnl n
'N'"ii'' ehected ~ the inrnlncYinn nrl "
" i''io 'i'c fnbsoll iarough drain t;i.s I'm
y common observation that deem II
'h"es"iaii's carry Oti Tie water rn,o \,
,'olitil aiscr three Or fonr vnars' n-c ~,
"'ii ihes dla when new. This il owing y
w" arsloh ~ the air IN thp summer a,
nV'i'hs wien The tiles have crasel M n,
h-enirTr wAicr anl the air cireulatps n,
lce's 'nf"nGi' them. II operates on thc IN
\ 'r"n- ''hN adjacent tn the drain. break nj
'oNii ~ coh"siui'. AMI renders ii moro Il
'erh'eauie no' only ID air and wa,r, 4,
~ ~ KS ucep roots Of growing vcgcta- bc
'""' inls action gradually rxieuI. (.
inward rom The drain for A srrie. ~ ~
''s Know not how long. III mn Inn
~ hiie'sis INTO main drain. which N,
= nren iaih several years. ..fhiS chnnucd I'M,
pn'''iou ~ INC subsoi I'M the vicinity wl
,"c MAN. VIII Ne very precrptihic. lb.
~ r. piepcrs. the ultimate end II mn III
Vi.lAlhsgc. We take away tie wafrr WI,
hif.i iiii~ nc iuiersiiccs or pores 81 tlrl IN.
" 'hai lhe air may enter ana freely ~,
'o"'s'e through these spaces. Far this
'"e purpose wecultivatc and pulverizr
N sui indeed, to perfectly areaie rhaf
"'Fh sus'hlns our crops j. the kcv-notc ~
pr'siieal agriculture. But This il inn snt
'Nsiulc with saturated sub>oil rep
thorough uuderdraiuaur i immej;- niu
'N Connected With the Temperature or car
Soii. Evaporation II universally i hol
o'"g process. and II the saturated coil ma
\ Y" other means or relieving itselg w hlli
rplns water. The temperature will i. aud
~ Gown iill the work j. done. ana ast
Il VIII often be very late ~ tho snrin., por
cry one has observed that our botto,n bru
NJ. resting on gravel, warm rs "a mo cou
'h'hg Foinf ~ ihe spring several wa
'rkS ~ advance OF the clay pplandS that
'iic iirs', the water goes down am cam
ve~ Tie soil 20 be warmed under tha 70 II
is rays: IN the last the wafer ,rnns u, Ia /
evaporation. which holds ,he ,e,nno,a- drai
z down till the process j. completed. the
cept s"inc ~ the hardy grasses. whjel, see
w ~ low temperature. yccctation The
Icclt starts on clay soil safuratn,l onpl
" water till Il Il relieved from cxces- wrr
e evapoIations, aud ihc fcmpcratnrn men
nitied % rise. a proper system .. iiis
ieriiAinage will bring the clay soil NJ airy
liaA'inE temperature nearly Is carlv INIT
M cotton lands resting on grave, ncvs
y N not naturally colder than s,nd imail
.favn,, y \ be not cold by profusc cent
pofation Of water from III. dnra
MlsTaKrN xor,o~s the
oars h.v. thcr,
aralnagc, by cilcctually relieving thc l,hs,
- surplus water. would leave ifio ,nn \
er ~ case Of summer drouth. Those ,n Il
IA nre entirely groundlcss- Universal IL !.