The New York herald., 1878-03-05


symbol OF the resurrection and eternal saliva
tion He became tho supreme god OF tho Egyptians.
On tho breast Of the dead 4 token was placed
carved In the form OF the beetle called a scarabeus.
You will dnd thousands or them to-day dug from the
ancient tomba Why this insect selected Is a
puzzle. but Mr. Bruesch says was because the beetle
supposed reproduce itself without the agency
OF sex, aud in that way became the type OF resurrec
tion. These scarabei which every greasy Arab car
rics his clothes and forces upon you for sale were
mounted like beads. In many cases they were made
OF precious stones-cornelian, agate, lapis lazul,
emerald and amethyst have seen some IN gold.
Tho poorer classes made them OF limestone or OF clay
like that used in pottery. On them was engraved
tribute to the god Osiris and recognition OF the
solemn mystery OF eternal liic
PATERNITY MATERNITY.
There were forms Of gods expressing the holies:
Offices OF nature; and according these Offices were
regarded do We dud the purity and impurity Of the
old religion. We have the idea Of paternity
as the liie-giving generalve principle; we
have the idea Of maternity as the principle
Of creatures and each has It's god. The god
Isis holds her child Horus and this became as
much q manifestation OF the most sacred form OF
humanity TO the Egyptians as the Madonna ana chhd
are to devout Catholics to day was struck win
this sacred sentiment pervading tho inscriptions on
the tOmDS ana temples, huo, moro ""S 49,
pressed with lse peculiar form Of tho emblem by
which the devout Egyptian expressed his confidence
in future life You see It in ten thousand places
everywhere recurring. everywhere expressing tho
faith OF the ncathens the mystery OF religion This
emblem Is longitudinal ine tho TOP formed into an
eptcl loop, crossed by another line about one third
from the top You hal only TO press The loop TO-
gether TO reduce 1t into single line to have the
cross-tho very upon which our Saviour suffered,
and which Is to-day the emblem OF Christian faith
throughout the world.
VISITING KENEH.
One visit worth noting was made to the town OF
Konch. We tied up to the bank in our summary
way, just as tho wayarng horseman dismounts ana
ties his norse to u tree. There s no question oi
wnarves or quays or permission When we tied wo
all went ashore and picked out our donkeys Tho
boys had seen our smoke down the river and wero
there 70 meet us. The town milo or So oil, and
we rode over the PLAIN. 1t sad sightsand Sami
Bey told US what q calamity this bad Nile meant 10
Egypt When tho Nile rises IN lis season and Hoods
eds only departing when II leaves the richness
that brought al the way from Central Africa, then
Egypt is rich. Tho ground teens with fatness and
could wcll believe Sami Bey when he told US how
he had ridden from the river bank TO the town
through fields Of corn and sugar cane, through fields
OF waving living joyous green. To-day the fields are
parched ana DrOwn anO CRACKED. Inc iTIlRAtiuS
bitches ere dry You 500 stalk stumps Of the last
seasons crop. But with the exception OF few
clusters OF the castor bean and weary dropping
date palms the earth gives forth no fruit gust Of
sand blows the plain and adds to tho sombreness
OF the sceno. Here arc hundreds OF thousands OF
acres which, In good year. would give generous
crops. Now they give nolhing, and the people who
I'LL them must be fed. bad Nile, therefore, means
bad times for the people and bad times Tor the govern
msnL For when there are no crops there are NO
taxes, and even an Egyptian taskmaster could not
force barren fields 10 pay revenue 10 tho
Khedives treasury. 1t Is safe to say that
bad Nile costs Egypt millions and millions of
dollars The people must live on last years
gaiu ana instead of helping the government must bs
helped by the government When you remember
that the Khedve Is under many burdens-the burden
Of an debt, tho interest OF which Is IN de-
fault; burden OF u contingent In the Turkish army
which he must support, the burden Of the annual
tribute to tho Sultan over 900 year, you
understand the calamity OF bud Nile and why it 10
that most of the civil and military officers arc In
rears for their saary-sone Of them for year Hap
PLY such calamity as bad Nile does not often occur
II It happened for two or three continuous years
famine would be the result II the Milo ceased It's
office Egyp, would have to be abandoned ana these
fertile plains given TO the DESERT ln fact, Egypt
is only an annual struggle between tho river and the
desert. II ever tho river surrenders Egypt will be-
como barren treeless plain OF rocks and sand.
EGYPTIAN INDUSTRY.
Tho sand was blowing heavily as we entered Keneh.
We had not been expected, SO therc were cere-
mon,es and we could wander as We pleased. We dis.
mounted under grove Of trees and went foot Into
the town, our donkeys and donkey boys following
after We strolled through the bazaars which meant
that we crowded way through narrow. dusty pas.
sagcs where the tradeslnan sold his wares. The as
sortment not variedbeads, grain, cloths, dates,
pipos aud trinkots. We went into ono house, where
the potter busy over his wheel In Kcneh pottery
is an industry. The clay makes fragile, porous vcs-
SELL through which the water evaporaIes in summer,
acting as filter and water cooler These vessels
are grateful IN the summer days, and shors 10
quito trade in them between Keneh aud
Lower Egypt. Wo had observed coming up RATS Of
stone jars, bound together with boughs floating down
the stream, very much as the old latboats used to
float down the Mississippi to Kew Orleans laden with
Western prot otucc The jars kept their buoyancy.
and ono raft would require not more THAI three
four men ply II. The potter was very skilul. His
child moistened tho clay, and with deft Angers he
fashioned II into form-into graceful lines and
Ing shapes showing artistic sense. The cheapness OF
the work whom done was amazing. fhc retail price
was about eighty conts hundred for small jars use
full Tor tho table. We went into mill whore the
was grinding. It was the same process that we read
about In tho Yibletho horse going round and round,
the grain crusning between upper and neither stone
and running into pail. We went into ono
OF the houses Of the common people, Hassan led tho
way and there evidently no intrusion. morsel
Of bacxshcesh would for any invasion OF
tic privacy.
AN INTERIOR.
The house was a collection Of rooms; tho walls
made OF dried mud and bricks. 1t was ono story
high, thatched with straw. The floor the ground.
The walls clay. In one room was the donkey, In
another the co~--a queer KIND OF buffalo cow that
looked up al went In. In another room slept
tho members Of tho iamily There was neither bod
nor chair table. They slept on the ground or
palm leaves like the donkey. They sat the ground
for meals and ate out OF the same dish. Tho woman
was sitting over fire on which she roasting