davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hawaiian gazette., 1878-08-21
What Constitutes Refined Sugar +.

In our last weeks issue of the GAZETTE,
in our commercial column, we made some OBJ
servations on the subject of the renewed de-
termination on the part of the United States
Custom authorities at San Francisco, to treat
washed sugars exported from these islands as
serious misgivings as to whether the Customs
authorities were not strictly right in such a
construction, although we confessed, as we
still do, that the construction would be a
strained one, not justified by liberal latitude,
such as such treaties usually receive at the
hands of treaty parties.
Since we penned the article alluded to, we
have made inquiry to ascertain the facts touch
ing the operation of refining sugar, and the
result is, that we find quite different state
of the case to what we supposed it to be. The
question, therefore, comes fairly up, what are
refined sugars? The answer to this question
is this
In order to refine sugars, they must be re-
melted; that is, they must go through the
steam or fire process of being re-melted from
their first crude state to make them refined
This being the case, it is very clear that
washed sugars cannot, by any construction of
the Reciprocity Treaty between the United
States and this Kingdom, that would be at all
compatible with sound reason, be placed in
the category of refined sugars, and therefore
there is no reason for alarm on this subject
We are glad to be able to make this clear and
explicit statement, which we are reliably in
formed is in accordance with the recent decis-
ion of the Treasury Department of the United
States on this subject, aud this puts at rest all
controversy touching the question of what
constitutes refined sugars.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1878-08-21
List ofLicenses Expiring i'm August,
IS7S.

Interior once, August Ia, 1878
The Hawaiian gazette., 1878-08-21
GOVERNMENT LAND FOR SALE

On Saturday, the day Of August 1875 l. o'clock
noon VIII be sold AZ public auction front entrance
OF AlioAni Haze q lots the of Queen
and Fort Streets this city, measuring together a
frontage Queen Of ninety 1907 feet and Fort
street one hundred no0) feet.
Upset price. Five Thousand Dollars ts5Oooj Title
Royal Patent sAM'L. @. WILDER.
Interior Office, Minister Of Interior.
July 18th, 1873 7O5
The Hawaiian gazette., 1878-08-21
GOVERNMENT PROPERTY FOR LEASE.

The building known as the Old Custom House, stu
oneen in this city, VIII be offered Public
Auction for Of ten O years. the 18th day Of
September pra1imo IL O'Clock the front
entrance AHoAn Hale Upset rental 800 per month.
Rent TO be paid quarterly in advance
Further particulars be had the Interior Office,
and viii also be given at the time of sale
sAML G. WILDER,
Minister Of Interior.
Interior Onice August H. 1873 ZOE
The Hawaiian gazette., 1878-08-21
Oahu.-RETAIL.

Oahu.-RETAIL
l-Ah Fook, wAIkAne Koolaupoko.
2-Ah 70 a 90. NuuAnu Street Honolulu,
s-w II Place, MaunAkea street.
4-ChAs Long, Merchant Street,
s-A Montauo, corner Fort and King steets Honolulu
-Quong Hook Tong NunAnu Street, Honolulu.
1CW Foster corner Portland Queen Streets Honolulu
1S-Ah soon Kaaaea, KoeAupoko.
1s-Henry Marsh, King Street, Honolulu.
PA W Pelrce a Co. Queen Street, Honolulu.
2s-Augusi strehl Fort Street. Honolulu.
Maui
2s-Sirs Honolulu Kaupo.
Hawaii
l-Yee King, PunAluu, Kan.
&c Z Akina, KEiopihI. North Kohala.
T-AianA. H0nokaa. KonA-
sc Asena, Pilhonua, HHO
.O-Wm w Dart, Honokaa, Hamakua.
23-AwAnA, Waitnea.
2s-Eeed a. sissou, kapalaOa,
$1,000 Eim d Co. HOnopueO, Kohala.
30-Dr wight, Kohala.
WHOLESALE.
s4-A W Peirce a 90. Queen Street. Honolulu, Oahu
RETAIL SPIRITS.
2l-Jas Lemon. corner Nuuanu & Beretauia sts Homo
JoBBING SPIRITS
l-MAcfarisne & Co. KAahumenu Street Honolulu,
2-Chas Long, Merchant Street, Honolulu.
vIcTUALING.
s-Domlugo L0pes. & Co. Hotel Street, Honolulu
2l-Aleona. PIhonuA, Hilo, Hawaii.
2s-Jonn Peter, MaunRkea street, Honolulu
BILLIARDS.
81 Guruey, Nuuanu Street, Honolulu.
BUTCHER,
l2-EahukenE, Koloa, Kausi.
2s-s Kaina waihee Mani
PUBLIC SHOW.
22-cheevers, Kennedy and Co. Honolulu.
LAPAAU.
Is-Keaa, Honolulu
HORSE.
s-Pllplllani, Nos IS, SC.
Is-P KRAua No 81.
Is-J W Pakiko No IS
BOAT
ls-cooke Co. MOL.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE.

Admiral Porter 10 At Springfield, Mass.
What s. J. Tiden really needs is peace congress.
Senator Roscoe Conking Is at the Filth Avenue
Hotel
Mr. Robert G. Winthrop, Of Boston, 10 at the Fifth
Avenue Hotel
Tho polls Sentinel does believe that the
rod helps to educate children
some OF those Indiana men who wore hanged seem
TO have been roped into the affair.
Mr. Victor A. W. Drummond, secretary OF the
British Legation at wasnineto 10 at the Hotel
Brunswick.
PhiladeIphia Chron;cle:-"Coal oil Is no rsvfvalis
but It converts hity women into angels whore the
ministers convert one"
The Piltsburg Dispatch says that the republican
party liberated tho negro but that the ocrats OF
tho south promised him ofico.
A provincial conte emporary argues that It Is unsen-
tmental to criticisc tho literature OF those hymns
which, becoming popular, arect the hearts OF so many
people in all communities.
Some OF the soldiers the Plains are still trying TO
eaten up with the Indians Until elvated railroads
are bull, out Plains for tho soldiers there can
be no nopc of real progress In military science.
In 1881, al New Haven. Professor Siliiman drove
into small maple tree q staple which to hang .
lantern. The other day the staple found inside
block OF wood, and for awhile people wondered ow
IL got there.
Dean Stanley will not remain IN Quebec ELL the ar
rival OF the Marquis OF Lorne as has been reported.
lie breaches in tho Cathedral todav. and leaves for
tho West on Monday, sailing from Now YORK Novcm :
Der 6--reachss this city week previous to date oil
departure.
Dublin Frecmdn's Journai:-Mr. O'Copnor Power
has written Isaac Butt 81. p, asking him to par.
tic pate IN The Home Rule Conference which
Dublin the 2lst inst, or the public meeting to be
held in connection herewith on the 22d Mr. But,
has reped a. length positively declining 10 take part
in the Conference.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
Earl DuHerin's Departure.

After six years and half of distinguished
service in the New Dominion as its Cover
nor General Earl Dufferin sailed from Que
bee yesterday for England, bearing with
him the affectionate good will of the Cana
dian people. The scene of parting, which
our special despatch describes, was a re-
markable one. Cold winds and heavy rains
could not chill the warmth nor damp
the ardor of those who gathered on
bid him farewell. Still young man,
Lord Dufferin bears with him in those
hearty cheers which sum up the gen neral
verdict upon his administration the prom
ise of future even more brilliant in the
Old World. The tact and graces which
ing interests and smoothing over difficult
ties will probably before long find loftier
employment. In the settlement of the
Ministerial question by the swearing in of
Sir John Macdonald he has removed every
trace of unpleasant duty from the
Marquis Of Lorne. who will find
the new Cabinet in working order
upon his arrival. Canadian expectation
will now be turned to the new conner and
his royal wife, and in the evident determi-
nation of the home government to dignity
the entry Of the young Campbell by every
available pomp Of circumstance and sign of
power they will find much to crafty their
curiosity and promote their loyalty. Yet it
is plain that Earl Dufferin will not be for
gotten amid these official rejoicings. 1t is
scarcely too much to add that when Canada
rests contentedly rs a part of our great fed
Grafton His Lordship's memory will be
cherished as that of the good Haroun al
Raschid is in the song and story of the
Orient.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
Courtney's Explanation Under Oath.

Shortly before the Hanlan- Courtney race
at Lachine Courtney, who had been slightly
the favorite in the betting, began TO lose
ground. Rumors we're rife that in his own
home ut Union Springs, at Auburn and all
through Cayuga county. his best friends
were deserting him; that intimates of his
and Of his hackers we're in receipt Of word
from the latter that he was sure to lose, and
that men were leaving Auburn suddenly
for this city and Montreal in hopes to
hedge and cover their threatened losses.
The unquestioned fact that brother
of one Of Courtneys hackers was
openly avowing in Auburn that Hanlan
would win, and that On intimate of his had
telegraphed to a prominent pool room in
this city that Courtney had sold the race,
gave force to the ugly news, and soon it was
flashing all over the land. Canadians, all
along confident that their man could win,
were hocking into Montreal by the thou
sand, and the betting soon ran mp to the
fabulous rate Of three and even four to one
on Hanlan, with scarcely any takers. All
this time Courtney was well, indeed in
high condition, and no reason was known
why, if he wished, he should not make O
wonderful fight, If not a certain victory.
And yet, when the race day came, he was
almost without a friend, and when the race
was rowed, though over and over he collared
and passed his man, almost fouling him at
the finish he stopped rowing for moment
and was beaten by half length.
At once the press of the country were on
his trail Every sort Of inquiry was made,
and while lattcrly the light begins to break
in his favor it was hard to tell how
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
Tn. Ta m many Ticket.

The Tammany Convention yesterday con-
cluded its labors by the nomination OF can
didates tor the offices to be filed at the next
election. In one name the anticipations OF
the political gossips were not sustained,
and they were either at fault in their infor-
nation as to the make up of the slate or
the slate was changed at the last moment.
Tammany, therefore, presents tor the suf-
frages of its lieges Mr.. Schell for Mayor,
MI. Frederick Smythe for District Attorney,
Judge Bedford for City Judge and
Alderman Tuomey for Coroner. Our
opinion on the one garing defect
in Tammany ticket has been
declared and is known. Aside from that
weakness there is no fault to be found with
the ticket now made. Ithas, indeed, an in
herent strength in the character OF the
names it bears. Mr.. Schell is well known
in his party and to the general public as
highly respected citizen, and as one
against whose intelligence, credit and char
acter not word can be said. Mr.. Smythe,
now nominated for District Attorney, is the
gentleman who stood as the Tammany cam
suited in the election of Recorder Hackett.
1t was then conceded that he was a gentle
man in every way worthy the public conf
dence, and even that the case OF the
people against a factious attempt to
displace an admirable functionary was
made more striking than it would otherwise
have been by the admitted merits OF the
man it was necessary to defeat tor the as
sertion of the principle of popular SOW
ereignty. Judge Bedford is remembered by
the public for his conspicuous success in his
former discharge Of the duties of the position
pity that this ofice-or, inde eed, that judiciary
offices generally-sh should be involved in the
whirl and strife of party politics, and re-
grettable that when good and capable man
like Judge Bedford is brought forward
the parties could not agree to make his
election certain by making the same nomi-
nation on both Sides Now that Tammany
is fairly in the field we shall soon hear
from the opposing elements that it was at
one time hoped could be brought to combine
upon q ticket that would command all
the Independent votes. Perhaps the pub
lie needs scarcely to be told at this time that
that hope grows small by degrees and beau
tifully less. Intrigue is busy on that side
in the great effort to put the popular inter-
est aside and turn the whole movement to
the profit Of sly, slow politician OF whom
the people have, we believe, had more than
enough. Tammanys great defect is of that
nature; but if this defect is even more
fragrant on the other side, as it now bids
fair to be, there will then be no choice be-
tween the two tickets on the ground of
principle, and if the public must choose
only as to the respective merit Of the candi-
dates, all that has been heard of what the
combination proposes to do leads US to be-
lieve that the Tammany ticket, as now pre-
sented, will be decidedly preferable to the
other.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
Mr.. Potter Declines.

Mr. Clarkson Potter, who has served ably
and successfully during several terms in
Congress-, declines denomination. His
party must regret this refusal to serve it,
tor it has not too many men Of brains and
sound judgment in the House of Repre-
sentatives Mr. Potter gives good many
reasons TOR rejecting the offer of his con-
stituents to return him once more but his
letter leads us to conclude that the chief
reason is disgust with the condition of
political affairs. We cannot blame
him tor being disgusted, but we suspect
many of his friends will think it a mistake
in him to abandon the political field just at
the time when the labors of all good and
sensible men are most needed there. lie
writes that he finds himself unable to
agree with his party on some important
points but the fact is that neither his party
nor the other agrees with itself on any inn
portant point. AT the last session of Con-
press there was not strict party vote
cast on any question that we now
recall, except on the motion to constitute
that unfortunate committee of which Mr.
Potter became chairman /; party politics
are SO utterly muddled that neither party
was able to determine on any point of
public policy in caucus. Such a time
seems propitious for men of brains to exer-
else their influence in giving shape to new
party policies and we should have thought
that the political field would be especially
interesting at such q time to Mr.. Potter.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
originally held by owners at such exorbitant

originally held by owners at such exorbitant
rates as drove population and business
to lower lands. Thus Pennsylvania ave-
nue., originally a swamp, became the prin-
cipal business street, the bulk Of the popu-
lation gathered in the lower parts Of the
city and the highest parts remain to this day
low in price and without market in spite
of all their natural advantages. Yes, and in
spite. too, of many efforts made by capital
lists to draw residents to them. 1t is useful
for real estate owners in the upper part OF
the island to remember this and guide
themselves accordingly.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20

much confidence to place in mere hearsay
stories of reporters who had nothing over
Courtney's own name. But he has recently
challenged investigation, and besides enter
ing suit against one newspaper in his own
locality for libel he has now freely unbo-
somed himself under oath in a statement
which will be found on another page OF this
paper. Strangely enough the whole mat
ter practically Sits down to two facts
Courtney did not know the course, and the
brother OF one of his hackers actually had
been talking him down before the race.
But it was only to bring down the odds
which then favored Courtney and make the
betting better for his friends, which result
1t certainly effected with a vengeance. But
1t is very clear that Courtney was party to
no wrong act nor cognizant Of the mad
step his friend was taking, and it is equally
plain that his hackers honestly stood by
him to the bitter end. 1t is but simple
justice to him, then, that until sworn proof
is shown to the ntrary he should again
receive the confidence freely accorded to
him before, and that slanderous charges
which, under sworn proof, are shown to
utterly lack foundation should be silenced
q. once.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
What tho Candidates Have to Say

What the Candidates Have to sny.
In another part Of to-day's HERALD the
reader will find the opinions of large
number of candidates for Office on a variety
OF topics Of immediate interest in the
politics of the day. Inquiries made by our
reporters of candidates for Congress, for
the Assembly, for the Board Of Aldermen
and the offices of District Attorney, Alder
men and Mayor are Responded to by men
of all parties in variable spirit and to
very contrary effect as the parties differ, but
altogether very frankly and plainly. Re-
sumption, the national banks, the army,
the navigation laws. fraud, the wages Of
laborers employed by the city, the powers
Of the Mayor, the reapportionment of the
State, the duties of district attorneys-t these
are some of the topics on which the men
who request the suffrages OF the people
of the city give their opinions. With
these responses of candidates before him no
man can declare himself entirely ignorant
Of the candidate for whom he deposits his
ballot. Commonly the people get in their
hands on election day beautiful variety
Of little tickets covered with the names Of
men Of whom they never heard before, and
between the different aspirants for any
given Office that can make no other distinc-
ton than that one is called democrat and
the other q republican. With the record
we spread before the public to-day an i'm
provement is possible, for by this the voter
can at least discover what the candidates
opinions are on points Of decided moment
in the concerns Of the day; discover that
some candidates have good, distinct, de-
fenslble opinions that may be wrong; that
some are very habby-witted on all subjects,
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
A AMUSEM ENTS.
MopJEsKA IN "FRoU-PfoU" AT THE FIFTH
AVENUE THEATRE.

Aeilnac and Haisvy's Ave act comedy drama "Frou-
Frou," was produced nj the above theatre last
Ing with decided success Nine. Modjcska's playing
OF the title role was all that her performances In
other parts led us TO expect. The toning OF tho
character from giddy, gilded maiden 10 shame
stricken wife and mother was exquisWeiy art,siic,
and commanded in turn the admiration, tho applause
and the tears OF a brilliant audience.
There is need to recite at this day the plot or
"Frou.Frou,n - which is familiar TO American audi.
sncss. but u may not bo unnecessary to remark
that this breaking OF o beautiful butterfly
on the wheel oi life Is accom- ri ishsd with
rare skill ny the paywnghta Taking a creature
as light as lhistledown and blowing her about on
gusts Of emotion, amid which hcr feeble wings are
ell too powerless to direct her, then 1nging
her al last, soiled and dying, where peace
and forgiveness come just before the poor spark
OF ito Is qucnched, worthy work Tor those clover
fellows IN France who have no lear Of the precious
moralitics before their eyes when they can
lay bare the secrets OF ths human ma.
they will say, "the fate OF a woman frivoous
as many French woman. and no more; she n les
Temptations; she creates ugly phantoms out OF the
frults OF her waywardnsss and wifcly neglect; she
nuiters, whuliy at hrst, IN spite oil nerscH at last,
to her doom. Her sin Is punished. Draw your own
conciusons. Ii 10 no longer the dramatisrs duty 10
preach but TO dissecL" Into tho exhibition OF all
ihis Nine. Modjcska enters with earncstncss
iuI, AIRY lbehess can BIO compsrod TO her actins
OF Giperle IN the hrst two acts. She may mol De
beautiful OF face; she cannot De young
When the shadows begin 10 gather about her and
tns winds Of passron whirl the little soul along,
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
Boil IL Down.

Hundreds of preachers in New York and
its vicinity will 60 into their pulpits to-day
with sermons which, in point of proportion,
diction and other literary graces, have been
carefully prepared There is another
quality, however, which every conscien-
tious minister will admit is necessary to
sermon-it is that of moral and spiritual
effectiveness To be effective q thing must
be strong. Strength is not inconsistent
with grace and elegance, but without it the
latter are useless. But how can a sermon
be strong when its subject matter is diluted
to the very verge of destruction with words
Soups and broths are very well as portions
of a meal, but of themselves alone they
are very unsatisfying TODD. A valuable
idea is as practically imperceptible in
mass of verbiage as sugar and salt are in the
fluids from which they are obtained. Like
these the sermon should be boiled down
until it's essential quality is tangible, visi-
bic and of the greatest possible strength.
1t is mournful and enraging task to re-
duce any artistic work to its merest ele-
ments; but if preacher has not the rare
faculty of combining elegance and force
the important nature Of his work should
reconcile him to personal loss that the gain
of his hearers may be increased. 1t may be
possible that in rare cases the boiling down
process may be continued until nothing
whatever remains, but in such event the
fault is not of our advice. 1t is to be traced
directly to the utter worthlessness Of the
sermon as it originally stood
The New York herald., 1878-10-20
"Plain Language from Truthfai
LamAa.N

The more the affairs Of the defunct Glas-
they become, and the manner in which the
English and Scotch press attack the late
management should delight every one who
has lost money by the failure. AS these
journals have always claimed the reputation
of telling the truth, particularly about
Irregularities of American fnanciers, it
becomes matter of interest to discover
how they treat those of their own land.
We are glad to be able to testify
to their extreme indignation against
the Glasgow thieves. The London Times
says the official report of the Investigators
is zone Of the most disgraceful in the
history of banking" and that the great loss
could never have occurred had it not been
for deliberate and long continued fraud"
The Glasgow Herald says, "The law will
offer no protection for society at large if an
attempt is not made to ascertain the legal
responsibilities of the men who have proved
thus false to their trust and thus guided the
bank to its doom. The Neps, Of the same
city, talks of astounding frauds, "every
conceivable method Of deception" and
'knaves of the blackest dye" while the
Evening Times says that the statements Of
its London contemporary Of similar name
cannot be denied, and that the case is all
the worse because the ''scandalous crime
occurred in the professedly most religious
city in the most religious country in the
world"
The moral of the whole sad business is
that human nature is the same everywhere,
and that few men who, by election or
otherwise, find themselves in control of
large quantity of money belonging to other
people, and without close supervision by
some disinterested officials will not stop to
consider whether they are in Glasgow or
New York before they begin to speculate and
peculate. The losses by the Glasgow bank
exceed those of the combined defalcations
reported in the United States during the
the past two years, but the geographical
and religious environment of the bank has
neither helped nor hindered the directors
in their rascality. The results upon busi-
ness and society are indicated in our special
cable dispatches of to-day. Will Americans
take warming and watch their bankers as
carefully as they do any one else who ham
dies their money?
The New York herald., 1878-10-20

CoID WEATHER and an occasional frost are
doing for the yellow fever districts what human
efforts have been powerless to accomplish, and
the number Of new diminishes rapidly.
Now letthe South take pattern afterthe Brazilian
cities, which are cleaning, draining, filling in
and doing all other sanitary work that suggests
itself, in order 10 be prepared in time for the
next hot season.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20

WALL STREET YEsTERDAY.-The stock mar
ket was fairly active, and prices were
well sustained, with general upward move.
ment. Gold steady all day at 1O0l2.
Government bonds were firm, States steady and
railroads quiet. Money call was easy at q
per cent, closing at per cent.
The New York herald., 1878-10-20

Another BoDY OF MES have been setting
Holy Writ at naught. According to the Bible
no one attempts to rob strong man without
first binding him: but couple OF burglars with
designs against the property Of Barnuin's giant
conceived the unorthodox idea of waiting until
the strong away from home. 1t is
gratifying to read that these free thinkers lost
their pluuder and their liberty too.