The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1878-12-04

A
The sum of $3.50 1850, included in the forego
ing statement OF expenditures, is chargeable
| 70 preceding years, so that the actual expendi-
lures for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1875, are
sSs,37i, $3.50. The amount drawn from the
| treasury on appropriations, in addition TO the
revenues of The department., was $ysG ,852.Sl.
| The expenditures for the fiscal year ending
June ~, 1880, are estimated aT s36,57l 800, and
the receipts from all sources at $50 1864 U23 80,
the treasury OF s5 sO7 s76IO The report calls at
tention TO the fact that the compensation of
mail Is regulated by law, and that the failure
OF congress TO appropriate the amounts re-
quired for these purposes does not relieve the
\ government of responsibility, but necessarily
i Increases the deficiency bills which congress
viii be called upon to pass.
In providing for the postal service the fol-
\ lowing questions are presented: Should con-
gress annually appropriate a sum for Its ex-
/ penses largely in excess of Its revenues, or
i should such rates OF postage be established as
Il will make the department self sustaining?
4 should the postal service be reduced by ex-
/ Guiding from the mails matter which does not
pay its way? Should the number of post
\ routes be diminished? Should other methods
/ be adopted which will increase the revenues
or diminish the expenses of the postal SER
vice?
The international postal congress, which
met at Paris May l, 1873, and continued in ses-
/ sion until June OF the same year, was COM
posed of delegates from nearly all the civilized
4 countries of the world. IL adopted new con-
GUIDED al Berne October g. ls94. which GOES into
effect on the LIST of April, 1879, between the
countries whose delegates have signed it,
II was ratified and approved by and with the
consent of the president, August IS. 1878. A
Nsynopsis OF this universal postal convention
wi Be found in in the report of the postmaster
i thereto. In IL origin the postal union com
prised q 1uutries, having population OF three
hundred and fifty millions of people. On the
list of April next It will comprise 4S countries
| and colonies, with population OF more than
| six hundred and fifty millions of people, and
will soon, by the accession Of the few remain
| ing countries and colonies which maintain
organized postal services, constitute in fact as
i we'll as in name, as its new title indicates, q
| universal union, regulating, upon a uniform
basis of cheap postage rates, the uostal inter-
course between all civilized nations.
4 some emDarraS sment q as arisen out of the
conflict between the customs laws of this
| country and the provisions of the postal con-
veDttOn In regard TO the transmission of for
eign books and newspapers to this country by
mail. 1t is hoped that congress will be abe to
devise some means OF reconciling the difficult
| ties which have thus been created, so as to do
| Justice TO all parties involved.
JUDICIAL.
The business of the supreme court and of the
| courts In many of the circuits has increased to
| such an extent during the past year that addi-
| tional legislation is imperative to relieve aud
prevent the delay of justice and possible op.
| preston to sultors which is thus occasioned.
| The encumbered condition of these dockets is
presented anew in the report of the attorney
general and the remedy suggested Is earnestly
| urged for congress onal action. The creation
| of additional circuit judges, as proposed, would
afford a complete remedy, and would involve
an expense-at the present rate of salarIes-of
not more than s6O,OOO year.
INDIAN AFFAIRS.
The annual reports of the secretary of the
| interior aud the commissioner of Indian affairs
| present an elaborate account of the present
| condition of the Indian tribes and of that
| branch of the public service which ministers
10 their interests. While the conduct of the
| Indians generally has been orderly, and their
| relations with their neighbors friendly and
peaceful, two local disturbances have occurred
renamed happily confined to a
comparatively small number of In
dians. The diScontent among the Ban
| nocRs, which led first to some acts of violence
on the part of some members of the tribe, and
finally TO the outbreak. appears to have been
caused by an insufficiency of food on the re-
1 Servation aud this lnsuffic ency TO have been
owing TO the fnadequaey offhe apPropriations
| al a time when the Indians were prevented
4 from supplying the deficiency by hunting
| After an arduo $ pursuit by the troops OF the
| United States, and several engagements, the
hostile Indians were reduced to subsection, and
| the larger part of them surrendered themselves
as prisoners. In this connection. desire To
| call attention 10 the recommendation made by
the sec Ietary of the interior, that q sufficient
fund be p aced at the disposal OF the execu-
tive TO be used, with proper accountability
at discretion, in sudden emery ncies of the
| Indian service. a, D. -. .......g..r. 4.
The other case of disturbance was that of
band of Northern Cheyennes who suddenly
| left their reservation In the Indian territory
} and marched rapidly through the states o.
Kansas and Nebraska in the direction OF theil
odlhunting GROUNDS, commit ing murders anC
other crimes on their way. From documents
! accompanying the reoort of the secretary o
: the interior It appears that this disorderly
band was fully supplied with the necesSa
: ries of life as the 4,1D other l. dams who re
mained quietly on the reservation, and that
5 less and mischievous disposition among tn,
Indians themselves. Almost the whole of thi
| band have surrendered To the military author
some Of tnem had taken gafrsge in the h Camp me 81
| the Red Cloud Sioux, with whom they haC
5 been In friendly relations, the Sioux held
? them as priso -ers and readily gave them up e
i the officers of the United States, thus givinl
new proof OF the loyal spirit which, alarming
l they expressed at the council of September
| 1877, have been complied with.
1 Both the secretary OF the interior and tn,
v secretary of war unite in the Recommendation
:, that provision re made by congress { r he or
| ganizati IN of corps of mounted "IndiaI
r auxIliaries," to be under the control of thu
g army, and To be used Tor the purpose of keep
| ing the Indians on their RE: vations and pre-
| venting or repressing disturbance on thei
Q part. earnestly concur in this recommends
81 tion. IL is believed that the organizati n o
such a body Of Indian cavalry, receiving
Q moderate pay from the government. woulC
: considerably weaken The restless elemen
!. among the Indians by Withdrawing from IL
number or young men and giving them con
4 genial EN- ployment under the government. 4
: being a matter of experience that Indians In
{ our service almost without exception are faith
to them. Such organization would ma
: | terially aid the army In the Accomplishment
9 of a task for which its numerical strength 4
sometimes found insufficient.
g But, while the employment of force for th'
prevention or repression OF Indian troubles Il
of occasional necessity, and wise preparation
: | should be made to that end, greater relianc'
4 | nut be placed on humane and civilians
4 agencies for the ultimate solution OF what 4
called the Indian problem. 1t may be yer!
"A difficult and require much patient effort Il
II curb the unruly spirit Of the savage Indian I,
: the restraints OF civilized fife, but ex perienc
shows that this Is not impossible. Many o
4 | the tribes which are now quiet and orderl,
and self supporting were once as savage 9s an,
that at present roam over the plains or in tn
mountains of the Tar west, and were then con
q sidered inaccessible to civilizing influences
It | It may be impossible 10 raise them fully nj
!. TO he level of the white population of tn
4 United States; but we shou d not forget tina
a they are the aborigines of the country, an
n called the soil their own ou which our peopi
q have grown rich, powerful and happy. w
II owe il to them a moral duty to help then
In attaining a. least that degree OF civilization
/ Ub hey ma he anla IN aeh In iS M