The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1878-02-01

Mr.. Morse, The chairman introduced
Mr.. G.. Monkey, of Albany, who spoke
upon "Saving and applying Manure =
II Is estimated that at least fifty nil
lions Of dollars is lost annually IN night
soil alone in the United States and as
much more IN other inanures. There
Is an enormous waste of value IN the
mineral portion of our manure for want
of means to save the liquid portion OF
the waste of animals. TO save this, ii
Is necessary TO have good barns, with
easements. and to use absorbcnts. Hard
wood saw dust will do, but good muck
is better; another great waste Is in
heating manure, which Is giving of a
good deal of smell as 1t wastes the am
monin.
Farms that have good basement Gel
lars where the manure solids and fluids,
are saved and properly cared for, invar-
iably improve, while those that are not
SO provided and managed, invariably
decline in fertility and value. Where
barns cannot be built with Easements,
the stable floors should be made tight,
and some absorbcnts used behind the
cows and other stock TO save all the SOL
id and fluid wastes and preserve them
to improve the land. Bone dust is an
excellent manure. Blood and old wool
on rags chopped fine are powerful fer
lilizcrs. We'gct the organic portion OF
crops from the solids and the minerals
from the urine. Ashes are an excellent
manure, especially for grass land, and
none should be sold Off the farm. For
raising corn, straw or coarse manure
plowed in deep are good. Rotations OF
different crops are desirable, and the
rotation should embrace roots. Oats
contain large percentage of lime aud
other mineral manures. BY observa-
ton he had known cases where manure
saved in easements, with absorbcnts,
had produced wheat at the rate of thirty
bushels to the mere, while land manured
with quite rs great bulk of common
manure had produced but twenty.
After Mr.. Monkey had read his paper,
Ora Paul. Esq, of the Board, read pa
per npon duplication of Manures,"
after which discussion arose upon the
application and saving of manures. Mr..
DOVE thought we often save by enrich
our meadows at the expense of the pas
lures. This was the case where cows
were stabbed nights in summer. The
farms should not only be kept clean in
the fields, but by the roadside. AS a
dealer in cattle, buying, driving and
selling them, he would urge upon all
farmers raising any young stock to take
more care in the selection of the males.
A great addition to the value of the
young stock raised and sold would re-
suit if better males were selected and
used. Mr.. Monkey thought the pastures
could be kept up in fertility by stabling
nights, if proper means were taken to
save and properly apply the manure.
Mr.. Jameson thought that it was not al
ways the case that ammonia was vast
ing when there was disagreeable odor
escaping from the manure. Ammonia
is escaping when by moisture and heat
it is being set free, and escapes. This
does not take place when the soil is dry.
When manure is put upon the land and
it dries, it is not lost. 1t takes water
cd upon Mr.. Halves to express his views
upon the subject under discussion.
Mr.. llawes proceeded TO explain
what constitutes the elements ofthe soil
and of plants, how the former becomes
exhausted of its elements, and how ma
turc itself strives to replace these elc
mcnts. We can initiate nature in these
processes. and supply to the worn-ont
lands and rccupcratc them.
Wednesday afternoon the meeting
was called TO order by the chairman.
Mr.. Halves, of Morristown, explained
the principles and adv antages Of his inn
proved plow, which seems to be an inn
provement on the common pillow in use.
Mr.. Homer Bradley, of Evansville,
made an address upon "Small Farms"
In the first place 1t is very important
that all should own homestead. Free
holders make the best citizens. If each
man has just land enough to gain a liy-
ing all our land will be better cultivat-
ed. This getting large farm with a
small capital to manage it reminds the
speaker Of a colonel in the late war,
who had very few men and ordered
them to spread out and make great
show. SO men that owned large farms
spread out u good deal, but when they
are gathered in make but Il small
amount At the conclusion of Mr..
Bradlcy's address the question OF the
morning -"Applieation of Manure"-
was discussed, some being in favor of
blowing it in and others of narrowing il
in with the surface soil. The majority
present favored the latter course. After
music by the choir, Mr.. ii. c. Waller,o of
lrasburgh, read an excellent paper upon
"lIard Times-Cause and Cure"
After Mr.. Waller had read his paper,
Mr.. G.. ). Fassett, of the Board, gave n
short explanation of the manner OF
manufacturing suet butter or OleOmar-
garine, OF which some two hundred and
fifty pounds are made daily in the
United States. After this explanation
Mr.. Fassett read paper upon "Needs
Of the Dairy" and the meeting closed
with n discussion mon the snlject of
this paper.
"Wednesday evening there was IL full
house, Notwithstanding the weather
was very Indictment, TO hear the closing
lecture by DR.. Cutting, of Lnnenburgh,
upon fungoid growths rs revealed by
microscopic examination, aud illnstraI-
ed by very beautiful diagrams of micro
scopic life. This closed the meeting OF
the Board nj Albany. The several ses-
sions were well attended, and interest
and spirit excellent.