Little Falls transcript. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1876-1894, 1878-12-05

for ali the current expenses of the department dur
ing the year. The amount drawn from the treasury
from July to November l, 1873, is Of
expenditure for that period 500 or S620sse24
less than period OF the last fiscal
gear. :. - 5s5 :
! = .za THE PosrAI- SERVICE. s d
The department of the poatmaster-gen ern-
braces detailed statement Of the operations Of the
postoface department The expenditures Of that de-
partment for the fiscal year ending june 3d. 1878,
was $s4 165 0s4.49. The receipts including sales of
included in the foregoing statement of expenditres
is chargeable to preceding years, that the actual
expenditures for the fiscal eeding June &c. 1885,
all sources, at 1904 $780, leaving deficiency to
be appropriated ontof the treasury Of 8761O.
The report calls attention to the fact that the COM
pensation of postnasters of railroads for carrying
the mail is regulated By law and that the failure of
Congress to appropriate the amount required for
these purposes does not relieve the government
of responsibility but necessarily increases the def
cheney bills, which Congress will be called upon to
pass. @%@|' ntf}E
questions presented: Should Congress annllally
appropriate sum for its expenses largely in excess
of its revenues should such rates Of postage bs
established as win make the department self sus-
tanning? .- ' 't< :! !
Should the postal service be reduced by excluding
from the mails matter which does not pay its way?
Should the number OF post routes be dminished2
= Should other methods be adopted which will in
crease the revenue diminish the expenses Of the
postal service? 80
INTERNATIONAL POSTAL CONGRESS. ,l...
The international postal congress, which met at
Paris May1 1873, aud continued in session until June
4th of the year, composed of delegates from
nearly all the civilized countries of the world. It
adopted new convention to take the place of the
treaty concluded at Berne, Oct. g. 1874 which goes
into effect the LIST of April 1879, between the
tries whose delegates have signed 1t. 1t ratified
and by and WITH the en- Of the Pre
postal convention will be found in the report of the
postmaster general, and the full text in the
appendix da thereto: In its oEgn the post
having population Of 100000 600 OF people. On
the first Of April next, it will comprise forty-three
countries and colonies with population n Of more
accession of the few remaining countries and colo
MES which maintain organized postal services, con-
stute in fact as we'll as in name as its new title in
dicates, universal union, regulating upon uniform
basis Of cheap postage rates. the postal interests be-
tween all civilized nations.
Some embarrassment has arisen out Of the con-
hict between the customs laws of this country and
the provision of the postal convention i'll regard to
the transmission Of foreign books and newspapers to
this country by mail. It is hoped that Congress will
difficulties which have thus been created, so as to do
justice to all parties involved.
COURT BUSINESS.
! The business of the supreme court and of courts
in many of the circuits increased to such an ex-
tent during past years. that additional legislation is
imperative to relieve and prevent the delay OF justice,
and possible oppression to suors, which is thus
casioned. The encumbered condition of these dock
cts is presented in the report Of the attorney
general and the remedy suggested is earnestly urged
for Congressional action. The creation Of additional
circuit judges, proposed, would afford complete
remedy and would involve expense, at the present
rate of salaries, of not more than 100000 year.
INDIAN AFFAIRS.
The annual reports of the secretary of the interior
and of the commissioner of Indian affairs, present
Indian tribes and Of that branch of the public SER
vice which ministers to their interests. While the
| conduct of the Indians generally has been orderly
and their relations with their neghbors friendly and
PEACEFUL two local disturbances have occurred which
deplorabe in their character, but remained hap
PLY confined to q comparatively small number OF
| Indians. The discomfort among the Bannocks,
which led first to some acts Of violence on the part
of members of the tribe and finally to the out
break, appears to have been caused by an in,
suficiency of food on the reservation and
| this insufficiency to have been owing to
the mad equacy of the appropriations made by
Congress to the wants of the Indians at time when
the Indians prevented from supplying the def
cheney by hunting. After an arduous pursuit by the
troops of the United States, ana several engage
ments, the hostile Indians were reduced to subjec-
ton and the larger part of them surrendered them
selves prisoners. In this connection desire to
call attention to the recommendation made by the
Rotary Of the interior that sufficient fund be placed
at the disposal of the executive to be used with prop
accountability at discretion in sudden emergencies
| Of the Indian service.
The other of disturbance was that of band of
Northern Cheyennes, who suddenly left their reser
walton, in the Indian territory, and marched rapidly
through the States of Kansas and Nebraska, III the
direction Of their old hunting grounds committing
ments accompanying the report of the secretary OF
the interior it appears that this disordery band was
as fully supplied with the necessaries OF life as the
1900 other Indians who remained quietly their
reservation and that the disturbance caused by
men of restless and mischievous disposition among
the Indians themselves. Almost the whole Of the
band have surrendered to the military authorities,
and it is a gratifying fact that when some
of them had taken refuge in the camp of the Red
Cloud Sioux, with whom they had been in friendly
relations, the Sioux held them as prisoners, and
readily gave them up to the officers OF the United
States, thus giving proof OF loyal spirit which,
alarming rumors to the contrary. Notwithstanding
they had uniformly shown since the wishes they
expressed at the council of September, 1871 had been
complied with. :
MOUNTED INDIAN AUXIL1AR1Es.
Both the secretary of the interior and the secretary
made by Congress for the organization Of corps OF
mounted s'1ndian auxiliares' to be under the con-
troll of the army and 10 be used for the purpose OF
| keeping the Indians their reservations, and pre-
earnestly concur In this recommendation. It is be-
Geved that the organization of such body of In
eminent would considerably weaken the restless Gle.
ment among the Indians by withdrawing from
it number OF young men and giving them
Gongsn employment under the
| dams in our service, almost without exception,
faithful in the performance of duties assigned to
them. Such an organization would materially aid
the army in the accomplishment of task for which
its numerical strength is sometimes found insufh-
Gent But while the employment of force for the
prevention or repression Of Indian troubles is of
occasional necessity, wise preparation should be
made to that end, greater reliance must be placed on
humane and cvilizng agencies for the ultimate So
luton of what is called the Indian problem. :
! It may be very difficult aud require much patient
effort to curb the unruly spirit of the savage Indian
to the restraints of civilized life, but experience
shows that 1t is not impossible: Many of the tribes
once savage any that at present roam over
the plains in the mountains of the far West, and
were then considered inaccessible to civizing inau
ence. It may be-. impossible to raise
them fully up to the livel of the white
population of the United States, but we should not
forget that they are the aborigines of the country
have grown rich, powerful and happy. We owe it to
| them moral duty to help them in attaining at
least that degree of civilization which they may be
able to reach. It is not only our duty is also o
| interest to do Indians who have become agri-
cult,rists herdsmen, and feel interest in prop
erty, will thenceforth to be warke and dis
| turbing element.
INDIAN EDUCATION.
It is also well authenticated fact that Indians are
apt be peace sble and quiet when their children
| at school, and am grahied to know from the ex-
pressiOns of Indians themselves and from many con-
curing reports that there is steadily increasing de-
wild tribes to have their children educated. invite
attention to the reports of the secretary of the in
and the commissioner Of Indian affairs touch
ing the experiment recently inaugurated in taking
fifty Indian children, boys and girls, from different
tribes to the Hampton Normal Agricultural institute
IN vrgnl where they are to receive
agriculture and other useful work, to be returned to
their tribes after the completed course, as inter.