Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1878-08-24
Queen CriStina.
her ADVENTUROUS LIFE.

HER ADV ENTCROUS E..
Queen CriStina, who died on Wednesday
night at Sainte AdreSSe, near Hayre, France.
Maria Cristina, Queen Dowager of Spain, was
the second daughter of Francis l., King of
!nfanta OF Spain, and sister of the notorious
Ferdinand H., of Naples, usually known as
King Bomba. Her older sister. Luisa Carlotta,
married the Spanish Prince Don Francisco de
Paula, and her younger sister, Theresa, is the
PIT Sent Empress of Brazil. Cris.ina was born
at Naples, April q, $3.50. and with her hume.
rOuS brothers and sisters received a careful
training. She is said by an admring BIZ
ographer to have become skiliful painter
and IN intrepid huntress. II was chiefly
through the great influence exercised at the
Court of Spain by her sister Luisa that, ON The
death OF his third Qleen, King ferdinand
vi, OF nhsavofy memory. esp used Maria
SrIsnna, december II, ls29. As The aged King
mad NO offspring by his lormer queens, it was
eagerly desired that Cristina should become
the mother OF prince; but this hope was not
was he Princess Isabella, the notorious Queen
OF Spain, before whose birth. October Ia, 1897
q famous pragmatic sanction was obtained
from the hing abolishng. the Sale law in
Spain and decla' ing the future progeny of
Cr1St1na OF either Sex heir to the throne. to the
exclusion of the rival claims of Don Carlos, the
hlng brother This result was only secured
after long family feud had been fought out
within the walls of the palace, and it contained
the germ of future wars in Spain, which are
percnance not yet terminated 1t is related
that the Queen at one time retreated before
the determined hostility of most of the royal
family, yielded to the cOunSeis of the minister
Calomarde, and herself demanded the with
draWal OF the "pragmatic sanctions but her
sister Lulsa, arriving at the palace at the
critical moment, boxed the ears of the faint
hearted minister and held the fort until the
death of the old King. in September, 1898
She then became Queen Regent as guardian of
her daughter, the infant Isabella and COM
menced her reign by an amnesty 10 the nu-
merOuS eXlleS then scattered through Europe
The formidable rebellion known as the
first Carlist war broke out almost imme,
diately after the death of Ferdinand aud
lasted with varying success for several
years. AS regarded internal affairs Queen
Cristlna was merely an instrument in
the hands OF the various ministers who in
At one period, under lea BermudeZ QS33),
iustifying the absolutism of her late hush aud,
but within few months, under the inspira-
ton of Martinez de la Rosa, she made inn
pOrtant concessions to liberalism by signing
The famous Estdtuto Real, or Royal Charter,
april Is, 1884, which re-estabiishei paria-
month She concluded the Treaty of Quadruple
Alliance with England, France and Portugal,
which assured the triumph of the two youth
full queens of Spain and Portugal over their
uncles who contested their thrones. Under
the ministry of the Count of Toreno Cristina
Outlawed the provincial juntas. but recognized
them under that of Mendizabel 1857 Under
the influence OF lSturiZ she denounced the
constitution of 1Sl2, but allowed Calatrava to
re-establish that instrument after the triumph
OF the Madrid revolution June lS 1877 Queen
marriage with handsome guardsman, Don
Fernando MHnoZ, whom she created Duke of
RianZares, and by whom she has had numer-
GUS children. She had also quarreled with her
sister LuiSa, to whom she owed her power
and the latter had Withdrawn from Spain
in disgust. These circumstances combined
to discredit Cristina's administration, and
even the decisive victories won by ESpartero
over the Carlists precipitated her downfall
Ifat able soldier, created Duque de la Vic
tOrla, headed a movement of revolt against
the Queens absolute power. She was forced
to resign the regency October TO- 1S4)) and to
take refuge in France. She returned in 1sl3
after the fall of EsparterO, and formally sol
emnized her marriage with Munoz. She ex-
erciSed great influence over the successive
ministries until the revolution of July 1854
when she was again exiled to France, where
she had taken care to deposit her consider
able fortune. She has since chiefly lived in
Paris, though occasionally making long so.
journs at Rome, Bologna or Florence. More
than once she has made brief visits to SPAIN
but has not put Spanish patience to the test of
protracted residence. Since the revolution of
1868 her daughter has joined her in exile and
they have been kept in countenance by seve.
raj other Spanish titular kings and queens.
Her second daughter, Luisa, married, in 1916,
the Duke of MOntpensier, son of King Louis
Philippe, OF France and among her grand
children by this marriage was the late Queen
MeICedeS.-fN. Y Herald.