The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-10-09
THE SURE WY TO RESTORE PROS
IERITT.

NEW York. oct. :. 1873.

! Developed dlfcrcntiul tariff which must in
cvitably restore our lost shipping revive tho
| shipbuilding industry. recover the lost frcights
! and passenger money, aud lessen the burden Of
taxes by the reproduction oi an enormous
amount Of taxable property mentioned four
objections that might be- raised to this measure.
| two 81 which involved retaliation ON the pant Of
/ England. Tho third objection was that Eng
| land would mako an effort to discover now
fields in which 20 grow cheap cotton, in order to
! dispense with the supply she now takes from
US. propose to prove that this is impossible.
and that such is Englands belief. | further
stated that tho establishment of this fact con-
stituicd the bnss Of other measures to be de-
| veopcd in their proper connection.
| | am well aware that there is n class of per-
| sons incapable OF assisting thoir follow men,
| but expert in faut-ilnding and Directing to
tho earnest efforts OF others For the nstruc-
ton of this class and to remove the impression
from tho minds Of the few who may sincerely
entertain the belief that this objection to my
scheme is tenablc. will prove that the question
OF u rival to America in the production Of cotton
was settled in our favor by England herself.
eighteen years since. She has not only con-
WINGED herself that We are without a rival. but
that We are DO to remain. and that our advan-
tages must constantly increase
The facts that nave produced this conviction
abrond should certainly settle our own belief.
Even il it wcro possible for Europe to obtain
supply elsewhere. the cotton would he inferior.
consequently fatal to her In the markets Of the
world
Cotton Is an absolute and Indispensable neccs-
slty TO our race out Of the 400 OOO. 900 Of poo-
pie ON the earth, 100000 900 are more or less
consumers Of cotton. II il was obltcratcd. there
is no known textile that could supply is place.
All other textiles are more or less special in use
in special localities to which they arc specially
fitted Cotton alone. from its very cheapuess
abundance. and adaptation. meets tho wants Of
all people and all classes in all climates.
Our cotton belt is situated between 30 and 80
degrees OF north latitude. There Is not exceed
ing onc-quarer Of that belt under cultivation
The day is not far distant when Texas alone
will produce more cotton than is now grown in
all the States. Tho lands now in cotton are not
half cultivated. Before the lightning Of the
next century we will produce better cotton and
double III much TO the acre. Those readers who
will follow Us carefully in this Discussion will
be satisfied that within twenty years our coun-
try will produce twelve or fourteen millions Of
bales. and find Il profitable market FOR it.
The eye in following our cotton belt around
the world fails 10 discovers rival producer Any
where between the southern line of our belt and
the equator successful cotton growing is impos-
sible. In climates destitute Of frosts, cotton de-
tcrioratcs. and the bol-worm that follows the
plant destroys the crop. Our long. warm sea-
sous thoroughly ripcn the plant Our sharp
frosts in winter. extending to the Gulf. kill the
boll-worm and save the crop. Without frost
cur cotton fields would be like the cotton fields
OF Central America-laid waste 10y the ravagcs
81 the worm Frost is tie enemy Of cotton. II IS
also the savior.
There Is no country on tho globe having the
lands suited for cotton growing. In consun tion
with Il LONG warm season and severe winter
irosts. like our own. In ATTITUDES destitute OF
keen tro-ts the fibre Is much W akcr than the
| fibre grown Ia America. This is csp, cia.ly uue
Of the light weak fhre " the East India cotton.
Ia Upper Egypt alone a fibre has been pro-
| dueed that in some seasons will compare with
cur short staple. This however. is of no CON
sequence as the Uppcr Egyptian crop amounts
/ t. only a few thousand Of our bales. Other cot
/ ton raised in other parts Of Egypt is inferior
| and is used e. mix with ours.
| Cotton requires u peculiar climate for its reg
ular. uniailing aud perfect growth. 1t IS u
! tropical plant yet the tropics furnish tout-ile
of our own country but few and those limited
| localities for the production Of nbrc equal to
! our own. Although some " these latitudcs pro-
! dure cotton enormously, it is inferior. China Is
said to have produced from lo.oooOoo To-
l4uoo.o0p Of bales the sizc Of ours But China
cannot u3w supply her own consumution. and
| Is importing from British India a large amount
TO mako ~ her deficiency
4 little over seventy years since famine CONF
ucl.sd the dynasty Of China 10 issue a decree
| enforcing the withdrawal Of large quantity Of
lands from tho cultivation IF cotton and dcNot-
ing them TO the production If food. This policy
has been continued and moro lands are grad
ually tahcn from the cotton area every year to
meet the demand for food Of her increasing
population. Tho capacity of a territory for the
production 81 food il limited; the capacity for
H. production Of population is absolutely un-
limited. Hence country already oycrgorged
with hundreds 81 millions Of inhabitants must
yield up its lands 10 the cry of hunger n all
/ other interests must perish. The first Lo'cs-
sty of nature must first lie supplied. This
question q population has most important
bearings upon tho political economy IL our
country as will soon appear; and il We havo
any statesmen, II Is entitled 10 their grave CON
sidcrat.on.
From this caus' China has become large
importer II cotton. although she has been, and
il. the largest couon-produciug country In tho
world. Tho ro'en, famine. still raging there
and involving l5oooU 900 of ueoI 20. viii enforce
another withdrawal Of cotton lands for food
purposes. and will # course. increase hen
importation ~ cotton to make up her Gu
arsed deficit This demand for cotton in
China has giyon am outlet for tho inferior cot
ton II British India. England now finds q
markc, for D1hrah coul.4 in that dirnrtl.
II las proved moro profitable 10 shin cotton t,
China than bring it to England 10 spin This
has increased her dependence upon MS for hcl
Euro oou supply Tho quantity Of India rot
ton consumed by England is very small in com
p1ri"ou with what she takes from Ue. Ary IN
ii, Ii ISL FINN