davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1878-10-12
WOOD. CHOPPERS
WANTED.

A N unlimited number of men will be
IN furnished employment chopping wood
near Camp McDermit, at $3 per cord. For
information apply to II. p. BROUGHAM.. &
Camp McDermit. September q, 1873. Il
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Clothes Moths.

This name includes several distinct
but similar species of the minute moths
belonging to the family Tineidoe, which
in their larval state, are very destruc-
tive to wooden goods, fur, hair and SINH
lar substances. Among them may be
mentioned the clothes moth (Tinea YES
tianella), the carpet moth CTinea tapet-
zella), the fur moth (Tinea peIlionella),
and the hair moth (Tinea crinella).
These tineans have slender bodies and
lanceolate, freely fringed wings that ex-
pand six or eight-tenths of an inch
The antena and palpi are short and
thread-like. and there is thick orange
or brown tuft on the forehead The
colors range from buff to drab and dark
gray. The eggs are laid in May and
June (the moth dying Immediately af-
terward), and hatch out in fifteen days
The young worms at once proceed to
work, gnawing the substances within
their reach and covering themselves
with the fragments which they shape
into hollow rolls and line with silk.
These rolls are by some carried on
their backs as they move along, and by
others fastened to the substance they
are feeding upon; and they are enlarged
from time to time by additions to the
open extremities and by portions let in
to the sides, which was split open for this
purpose. In such ambush the worms
carry on their work of destruction
through the summer; rest in seeming
torpor during the winter, and change to
chrysalids early in the spring. They
transform again in twenty days, and is
sue from their shelter as winged moths
to fly about in the evening till they have
paired and are ready to lay eggs Then
follows an invasion of dark closets,
chests and drawers, edges of carpets,
folds of curtains, and hanging garments,
and the foundation of new colony is
swiftly laid.
The early days of June should herald
vigorous and exterminating warfare
against these subtle pests. Closets
wardrobes and all receptacles of cloth
ing, should be emptied and laid open
their contents thoroughly exposed to
light and air, and we'll brushed and
shaken before being replaced. In old
houses much infested with moths, all
cracks in floors, wainscots, shelves or
furniture should be brushed over with
spirits of turpentine. Camphor or to-
bacco should be placed among all gar
ments, furs, plumes, etc, when laid aside
for the summer TO secure cloth lining
of carriages from the attacks of moths,
sponge them on both sides with solu-
ton of corrosive sublimate of mercury
in alcohol, made just strong enough not
to leave a white mark on black feath-
er. Moths may be killed by fumigating
the article containing them with tobac-
co and sulphur, or by putting it, if prac-
ticable, into an oven heated to about
$50 deg. Fahrenheit.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Effects Of Hard Water Upon Animals.

Horses have an instructive love for
soft water, and refuse hard water if
they can possibly get the former. Hard
water produces rough and staring coat
on horses, and renders them liable to
gripes. Pigeons also refuse hard water
if they can obtain access to soft. Cleg-
horn states that hard water in Minorca
causes diseases in the system of certain
animals, especially Of sheep. So much
are race horses influenced by the quail
ty of the water, that it is not infrequent
to carry supply of soft water to the
locality in which the race is to take
place, lest, there being only hard water,
the horses should lose condition. Mr..
Youatt, in his book called "The Horse"
remarking on the disturbances Of soft
water for the horse, says: Instinct or
experience has made the horse himself
conscious of this, for he will never drink
hard water if he has access to soft; he
will leave the most transparent water OF
we'll for river, although the water may
be turbid, and even for the muddiest
pool" And again, in another place he
says: Hard water drawn fresh from
the we'll will assuredly make the coat of
horse unaccustomed to it stare, and
will not infrequently grippe or further
iniure him"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Sheep in Georgia.

Sheep raising in Georgia was the sub
ject of little speech by Senator Cor
don during his recent brief visit at
Lawrence. Mass, on Tuesday. He said
that the farmers of his State were large
ly engaged in sheep growing, for which
the soil and climate were peculiarly
adapted. They had lands in Georgia
worth As cents an acre, in tracts 100
miles long and 60 to 20 miles wide, COW
cred with tall pine trees, with no under
growth. The ground was covered with
a dense grass, upon which sheep fed at
all seasons Of the year. There are men
realizing clear profit of between 81 to
80 per cent. in sheep growing on these
lands. They pay no attention to the
sheep, which are turned out in the
spring and are not seen by the owners
again until shearing time next year.
He wished only to say that, if individu-
ais could live and grow sheep profitably,
what would be the result if large cap
ital could be brought to this fertile re-
gion Of the United States? What could
be done with such land as that, and
climate like theirs; where the snow new
er falls; where the country is rolling,
open and perfectly healthy? What could
one of your New England boys, educat-
ed to rely upon his own energies, do
with such opportunities as those? And
when you have put sheep on the land
you have solved the problem of the pro-
duction of rye, barley, oats and wool.
During the war, this section was called
the Egypt of the South, and when Gen.
Sherman was raiding around there as he
did on some occasions, all we had to live
upon came from that section. That is
the country where a sheep industry is
to be organized which will give the mills
of New England all the wool they want.
If there had been money down there,
those woods would have been filled with
focks of sheep. That country has this
advantage over Texas While we have
as much grass as Texas, we are free
from the Northeasters that sweep over
Texas, we have no droughts, and, to cap
the climax, we are in the heart of the
market. Texas sheep are never used
except for wool; we can grow wool and
mutton. We have got great future,
and if any of you have boys, you cannot
find better place to put them in, or
where they will meet with a more hear
ty welcome than down in Georgia.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24

MoLD.-The fungi that prey on the
potato, etc, are spoken of as molds.
They consist of a web of delicate threads
penetrating that tissue of the plant on
which they grow, and producing clusters
of little jointed stalks bearing oval
shaped fruit. A lovelier spectacle than
these molds present under the micro
scope it is impossible to conceive. mo
language can give an adequate idea of
the forests of crystalline vegetation with
their transparent trunks and vii :
dering mazes Of exquisite flowers and
bead like fruit, growing in snowy purity
on fragment of a potato leaf or a
small bit of decayed grapeskin. One
can gaze at them unwearied tor hours,
marveling at the inexhaustible fullness
of glory which God must possess when
He can afford to lavish so much of it
upon an object so mean and insignif-
cant"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24


OF these 80 hogs "a ranged from 700
up to 921 pounds. But there is no
statement of the age Of these hogs. In
view of the fact that such large hogs
are not worth as much per pound as
well-developed and well-fatted smaller
ones, the tendency should be the pro-
duction of 25O pound hogs in the short
est number of days. Well fatted and
well proportional hogs of the latter
weight are the most sought for in the
market. Consequently, the strife
should be not to produce 700 weight
hogs in two years, but 3OO-pound hogs
in eight or nine months. When this
can be done successfully, it will not pay
to winter hogs. The old system of just
keeping hogs in good working order for
eighteen months, and then fatten for
market, is exploded. The policy and
profit now is to push them from the
start and have them ready for market
in as few days as possible There is no
necessity Of regulating so as to be ready
for the markets, which formerly were
only in cold weather The market is
now good at any season in the year, and
the profit is in putting hogs through as
quickly as crop Of wheat, lodging
the chances of cholera or other dis
eases Do not wait for the bones to
grow, for 250 pounds will hang on very
small and slender bones.
The popular excuse for raising so
much wheat is the necessity for quick
return. But hogs which can go to mar
ket and command the highest price at
eight months Of age are nearly equal to
wheat to meet urgent claims. We hope
therefore, in the publication of heavy
weight hogs, the parties will be partic-
ular in stating the exact ages. This is
more important than great weight. It
has long since been established that
the Poland China can be easily made to
weigh 1000 pounds, but we now demand
eight months hogs that will weigh 300
pounds. -Register.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Fences.

This is not the least important matter
to farmers or farm owners alone in
the Importance of having them, but in
the possibility of means and materials
from which to construct them. In the
first place, no more fences should be
built than are necessary, although all
that are required should be constructed
The expense attending the building of a
fence that is not much needed is not
equaled by the loss of the ground occu-
pied by the fence; build it as it may
best be done, there is no inconsiderable
strip of land that is rendered practically
useless. In building the fence. then;
care should be taken that it be of kind
which will occupy as little room as pos
sible. The old worn" fence is expen-
sive in several ways, and should not be
employed, as there are many kinds Of
fences that are so built that cultivation
can be carried near to them, and they
will not shake or damage the crop. An
other thing to consider is the timber
question; the forests are being rapidly
destroyed, and it would seem an act OF
good judgment to build fences that con-
sumo as little wood as possible There
are few, it any portions of the country
which can afford timber from which to
make rails. While the forestry enter.
prises are encouraging the planting
of artificial groves, it should undertake
the preservation of those now growing
that they be not heedlessly destroyed
There are several ways Of building a
fence that economies the wood or ma
terial used. A hedge is possible, per-
haps the chief objection being that it is
so dense it casts shadow and occupies
too much ground; then wire fences are
economical of wood material, and occu-
Ply less ground than any other, casting
no shadow, and being serviceable for or
binary use.
The great point is to save timber and
yet get good fence, and not have it ex-
pensive. These things cannot be too
carefully considered, nor the farmer be
too jealous of his best interests and flu
ture welfare.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Agricultural Notes.
State Register

state Register.
From the briskness of business among
money agents, we fear our Iowa farmers
are planting too many mortgages.
This is our sad dilemma: We are
back to the time of our fathers in the
price of what we have to sell, but in our
expenses we are not.
A correspondent enquiries, Con what
does success depend in farming?" Ans.
Patience, industry, caution and per-
severance.
He houses" his farm implements IN
the corners of the fence; his fowls
roost in trees during the storms of win
ter; his manure pile teaches into the
roadside ditch, and wiping his nose on
his coat sleeve, he makes plaintive COM
plant that farming don't pay
When pork is $3.50, the best feeders
do not get over % cents for their corn,
and poor and careless feeders do not
get ten cents bushel. No money is
made now, but it will require the ut
most care to keep out of the bankrupt
courts.
The barn of Van Meter, of KY, was
burned on the 9th ult, by spontaneous
combustion. A pile of horse manure
had been heavily covered with straw
and an explosion occurred under the
straw pile, the result of spontaneous
combustion, which was Immediately fol-
lowed by blaze in the straw The
stables were rapidly consumed, together
with two young bulls and two horses.
Mr.. Milton Briggs bears this strong
testimony in favor of pure water: The
most prolific source Of disease among
pankind, and especially among domes-
tic animals, is doubtless bad water |
have noticed on different farms, espec-
tally on the Western prairie, where sur
face water in stagnant, filthy pools and
dirty wells was the only water provided,
and on the same farm, at the same time
noticed typhoid fever among the people
in the house, with the so-called cholera
among swine and black-leg among cows,
all induced by the same cause"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Wind as q Motive Power.

The modern mechanic has done away
with much Of the hard work that had
to be done few years since; simplify
ing machinery and thus adding to its
capacity, he has made the detail of Ia
Dor, both in the shop and on the farm,
pleasanter and easier. Water was yoked
to the mill and made to do the heavy
work of driving machinery and putting
the spindles and lathes in motion; it
lifted burdens as we'll as foated navies.
Electricity was tanned and made the
servant of man, becoming one of the
most valuable agents in the world of
business or mechanics, and each year,
almost each day, new ideas are devel-
oped, and new possibilities hidden in It's
subtlety. But among all these improve
ments there are few things more valua-
BILE in general use than the wind and the
means employed to harness it down
for mans use. 1t is as free as sunlight
and as powerful as any agent in nature;
as friend it is bountiful in benefaction,
but as an enemy it is mightier for des-
truction than armies. Although wind
mills are an old device, yet the modern
genius OF man has so improved them
that they are now within reach of all
men, and can be utilized in multiplied
ways. All over the broad land can be
seen the long arms of this almost per-
petual motion, in it's ceaseless turnings
down mems behest. 1t pumps the
water. grinds the grain, churns the but
ter, turns the grindstone, runs the saw
mill, drives machinery and does the
work of many men, with never COM
plant They have become so valuable
on the farm that they are as common as
plows or harvesters. On large farm,
with large herds of live stock, one wind
mill will do more work, and in better
time, than two or three men. Farmers
are learning this and the demand for
them is increasing. In many sections
of the West, where irrigation is needed,
they are invaluable, and thus as needs
arise, they are found to be the thing
needed and do the work.-Factory and
Farm.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Useful Recipes.

To make mock turtle soup, take one
pint black beans soaked over night in
four quarts of water, two onions, one
large carrot grated, half pound fresh
beef, half pound pork; boil all day;
when ready for dinner, strain through
colander into tureen; if liked, add one
wine-glass port wine, one hard boiled
egg, one lemon sliced.
To re-cook cold fresh fish, boiled,
broiled or fried; brown butter, add to it
a pinch of grated nutmeg and few
whole pepper-corns, little minced pars-
ley and one onion, with tablespoonful
of salad oil; stir the fish in this sauce,
and when dished squeeze the juice of a
lemon over it.
To make veal loaf, take three pounds
of fillet of cooked veal chopped fine, to-
gether with quarter of a pound of salt
pork, one cup of cracker crumbs; mix
together with one beaten egg, and sea
son with salt, pepper and sweet herbs.
Press it into bake pan, rounding it up
in loaf shape. Glaze it over with beat
en- egg, and sprinkle it over with cracker
crumbs to make a crust. Bake three
quarters of an hour. Eat cold.
For Apple John, pare, quarter and
core enough apples to fill three or
four quart crock. Make a batter lit
tie thicker than for pancakes; put a lay
err of apples on the bottom of the crock,
then pour over some of the batter; then
another layer of apples, then batter, and
so on, until all is used; then put thick
soda crust on the top, and bake for
three hours. To be eaten with sweet
sauce. Very nice.
For waters, take quarter of a pound
of butter, one pound of -four, four eggs,
a salt-spoon of salt, one teaspoonful of
grated nutmeg or cinnamon. Make
these ingredients into a thin batter,
with sweet milk. Heat your wafer
irons and grease them we'll with butter
Bake the waters light brown, and roll
them so soon as they are taken out Of
the irons. Sift powdered sugar over
them.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Six Million Farmers.

BY the last census there were nearly
100000 of farmers and planters who
owned their lands. There were about
an equal number of men who rented
lands or worked as farm hands. In the
South they were mostly freedmen, but
in the North farmers sons, The mum
Der of land-renters in the North is small
as compared with the number of land
owners The whole number of men who
work land for living, including tenants,
hired laborers and farmers sons, is not
FL from 100000 and represent about
100000 Of families, or more than half
the total population of the American
people. Chicago Tribune.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
Grange Directory.

PRAIRIE GROVE GRANGE, No. 443.-Meets
at the Sheridan School House, Monday even
ing, on or before the full moon, each month.
A. WROTEN, Secy.
WINTHROP GRANGE, No. l66. - Meets at
winthrop on Friday, on or before the full
moon of each month.
s. G. PIERCE, Master.
WEST BUFFALO GRANGE, No. 12le.-Meets
Tuesday, on or before full moon.
J. d. RUSSELL. Master.
GREELEY GROVE GRANGE, No. 8l1.-Meets
on Friday evening, on or before full moon at
warehouse Hall.
w. BUNCE, Master.
=. B. SCHEMERHORN. Sec'y.
MlDDLEFIELD GRANGE, No. 528.-Meets on
wednesday, on or before full moon.
B. DUBOIS, Master.
f. J. WIGG, Sec'y.
SUPERIOR GRANGE, No. 352.-Meets Satur-
day, on or before full moon, at No. 8 School
House, Hazleton Township
T. MESSENGER, Master.
G. M. MILLER. Sec'y.
BYON GRANGE, No. 267-Meets at Justus
Durkees, on Tuesday evening, on or after
full moon.
L. GLEASON, Master.
FRANK Fox Sec'v
TRIUMPH GRANGE No. 1683-Meets at the
Sill School House, on the first Thursday on
or before the full moon of each month, also
in two weeks thereafter
O. s. PAINE. Master
f. L. HOPKINS. Sec'y.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24

Colds always come from one cause,
some part of the body being colder than
natural for time. If a person. will
keep his or her feet warm always, and
never allow himself or herself to be
chilled, he or she will meyer take cold in
lifetime; and this can only be accom-
pished by due care in warm clothing,
and avoidance of drafts and exposure.
While multitudes of colds come from
cold feet, perhaps the majority arise
from cooling off too quickly after be-
coming little warmer than is natural,
from exercise or work, or from confne-
ment to a warm apartment.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24

For rice cheese cakes, take half a
pound of finely sifted ground rice, a
quarter of pound of fresh butter beat
en- to a cream, and three eggs; the eggs
and sugar must be well beaten together;
mix all together and flavor with a small
blade of mace, finely pounded, and the
peel of two lemons rubbed on sugar.
The quicker this is made, the lighter it
will be; the batter should be poured in
to little tartlet tins. not quite full, and
bake in a brisk oven. Serve them hot.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
3s'''a't'''' 4's'.

The reading columns on this page will be de-
voted, mainly, to topics pertaining to FARM and
HOUSEHOLD. The farmer readers of the Bull
LETIN are requested to write for 1t.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24

For cocoanut custard pie, crate one
cocoanut; add three eggs and one and
one-half cups of sugar; beat well; add
the milk of the nut, one cup OF sweet
milk, and piece of butter the size OF a
walnut.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
c. & NV. r. r.
G. & N. w.
J. In u s..

~ w AYs w
LIN ES-
THE CHICAGO NORTH-wESTERN RAILWAY
Trunk Railway Lines of the West and North
west, and with its numerous branches and con-
nections forms the shortest and quickest route
between Chicago and all points in Illinois, Wis
consin, Northern Michigan, Minnesota, Iowa,
Nebraska, California. and the Western Terri
tories. Its
OMAHA & CALIFORNIA LINE
Is the shortest and best route between Chicago
and all points in Northern Illinois, Iowa, Dako-
ia, Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Neva-
da. California. Oregon. China, Japan and Aus
tralia. Its
CHICAGO, ST. P. & MINNEAPoLIs LINE
points in Northern Wisconsin and Minnesota.
and for Madison, ST. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth
and all points in the great Northwest. Its
LACROSSE, WINONA & ST. PETER LINE
Is the best route between Chicago and La
Crosse, Winona, Rochester. Owatonna, Manka-
to, ST. Peter, New Ulm and and all points in
Southern aud Central Minnesota. Its
GREEN BAY & MARQUETTE LINE
vile, Watertown, Fond du Lac. Oshkosh APP
pleton, Green Bay, Escanaba, Negaunee, Mar
quette, Houghton, Hancock and the Lake SUI
perior country. Its
FREEPORT Il DUBUQUE LINE
Is the only route between Chicago and Elgin,
Rockford, Freeport and all points via. Free
port. Its
CHICAGO & MILWAUKEE LINE
Is the old Lake Shore route, and is the only one
passing between Chicago and evanston. Lake
Forest, Highland Park, Waukegan, Racine,
kenosha and Milwaukee.
PULLMAN PALACE DRAWING ROOM CARS
are running on all through trains of this road.
This is the ONLY LINE running these cars be-
tween Chicago and st. Paul and Minneapolis,
Chicago and Milwaukee, Chicago and Winona,
or Chicago and Green Bay.
Close connections are made at Chicago with
the Lake Shore s. Michigan Southern, Michigan
Central, Baltimore Ohio: Pittsburg, Fl Wayne
& Chicago, Kankakee Line and Pan Handle
Routes for all points East and South East, and
with the Chicago & Alton and Illinois Central
for all points South.
Union Pacific K. H. at Omaha for all far West
points.
Close connections made Mt junction points
with trains of all cross points
Tickets over this route are sold by all Coupon
Ticket Agents in the United States and Cana
das Remember, you ask for your Tickets via.
the Chicago s. Northwestern Railway and take
none other.
New York office. AIS Broadway; Boston Office,
No. State street; Omaha office, PAS Farnham
street; San Francisco Office, 122 Montgomery
street; Chicago Ticket offices, 81 Clark street,
under Sherman House; rs Canal, corner Madi-
son street, Kenzie Street Depot, corner West
Kinzie and Canal streets; Wells Street Depot,
corner Wells and Kinzie streets.
For rates or information not attainable from
your home ticket agents, apply to
w. H. STENNETT, MARVIN HUGHITT,
Gen. Pass. ACT, Chicago. Gen. Man. Chicago
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-05-24
VECET|NE
For Kidney Complaint and
Nervous Debility.

IsLEsBORO, Me-, Dec. g, 1877.
MIR. STEVENS
Dear Sir had had cough, for eighteen
years. when l commenced taking the VEGE-
TINE. l was very low; my system was debili-
tated by disease. l had the Kidney Complaint,
and was very nerUOus-cO,tgh bad, lungs sore.
When 1 had taken one bottle l found it was
helping me; it has helped my cough, and 1t
strengthens me. 1 am now able to do my
VEGETINE. l know it is everything it is rec
commended to be. Mrs. A. j. PENDLETON.
VEGETINE is strengthening and nOurishing;
purifieS the blood; regulates the bowels; qui-
cts the nervous system; acts directly upon the
secretions; and arOuses the whole system to
action