The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-02-04

actuatcd by motives of jealousy All subsequent
peace that followed Catherine obtained larse terri.
torial accusations. AT tue present moment " may
dcmniiy TO deray the expenses Of the war vas never
liquidated
An American weasel OF was the FIRST to pass
through the Dardaneles and proceed 70 Constaotino-
lies after Russia established It's pier IN the Black
Sea The great maritime governm V7ts OF Europe had
long been IN the nse' Of Sr1,s Oays rSus
perhaps too soon 10 expect " America acoun-
Try that had been 50 recently colony. should DO tho
first compliance with the degrading custom.
Al all events, in May, 1902 CaptaIS Bainoridgo was
appoia,ed to the riaatc George Washington. which
regency Of Ayers. After the Icompleion OF this
mission the Dey compelled Aim by threats OF
Arer,ne Embassy 10 Constantinople When the George
Washington entered the Bosphorus he iet some
had no Amman; MS countr5 hardly known at tho
Ottoman Porte, and he might be delayed weeks nogp-
Dilemma he reIicved himself by happy prompt
cxpcdient OF a seaman. The forts were armed with
cannon, carrying Immense Das o. s.one' anu pointed
IN 4 manner command the channel Those guns,
however, were stationed In such manner as to BE-
entircy useless the moment the snip was out Of
range The Of the deteucss Of tho straits AZ tho
time were very ministerial AS his vessel approached
the castles Inc naval preparations Tor anchor
Ing When nearly up with them she commenced
firing u salute. Will, Ii instantly returned from
Tho shore, md at this moment, when tho
irgate was partially concealed with smoke, sail
was made ana before the Turks could recover their
surprise, being totally unprepared tor thing SO un-
usual She was boy ond their reach. reaching Cou
siantnoplo the oIicers who came on board declared
they had never heard Of such nation as The United
states nanSrdgs rePss ma, VAIL me GeorSs "asnns
was accepted as satisfactory. He renamed nearly
two months at the capital and was treated with mucn
distinction. cambridge was ccnsurcd Tor yielding 10
tue oil the Dcy oil Algie-s, out excused hiH~
sell the ground tnat no consented 70 30 TO Coust
tnope with the Wow 10 show Tho American uas and
pave tie way Tor treaty. W
SIR JOHN DucKwoRTHs BoGp DASH.
The next occasion OH which the Daitanelles wero
passed oy foreign armec force was under different
circumstances Russia and Turkey were war
1907 and England was IN alliance WIZ Tue Gar
dor At tue Porto, and he insisted that the pussage
from tho Mediterranean should not be lett open to the
enemies OF his country. IL was resolved to send u
British fleet with large military force 10 defeat Inc
ascendancy OF Tho French ut Cons.antnople and
cause powerful diversion OF the French forces in
favor OF Russia. Accordingly numerous squadron,
under Sir John DucKworth, was despatched TO force
the Dardanelles aud, II cortain terms should not ba
accoded 10 by the Turkish governments, to lombard
Constantinopic. On the 1911 February English
hect oil seven ne-obaltle ships cntered the straits
and enccuntering small Ottoman naval force over.
came II, drove 1t ashore and burned the vessels On
the day Duckworth appeared stan
pie .seii having received hardly any damage tho
way. For moment the whole city lay at the disposal
OF the British Admiral. The flames oil the burnlo9
ships did not, however, lntimidate the Turks, but
reused aud united them in determination 10 resist
aggression ana preserve tho capital from obstruction.
THE ADMIRALs NARROW ESCAPE.
Negotiations were opened by she Turks for the pnr-
pose OF temporzlug. Tho Sultan, accompanied by
tho construction OF rodoubts Men, women and chill
dren, Ulemas, Sheiks aud Dervises, Mussuimans,
Greeks and Armenians iabored night and day at The
construction batteries and The mount
ing Of heavy guns. Within low days the whole
aspect OF the shores changed as ii by magic Inter
mnabe Notifications and rows OF cannon frOwned
down on the British fleet. Twelve line OF battle shps
and nine irgates filed with troops lay The caua
sails bont ready for action An army OF 200, QUO
mon, destined 10 march against tho Russians, and
immense number OF gunboats and sloops, converted
into hre ships, prepared TO against tho
gave orders for retreat OF his squadron we there
was chance. For thirty miles, reckoning tho wind
ings OF the channel tho ships the gauntlet OF
incessant lire, and OF such fire, II Is SAID never
was before. 'Stone balls weighing sovon eight
hundred pounds, broke down Tho masts, crushed 10
the decks snapped the rigging and amazed hearts
The sailors. The hills smoked from to end
tho roar OF the artillery rolled from side to sde In
another week" Duckwortn declared in his despatch
''any return would have been impossible" Tho oa-
tire British squadron would have boon captured or de-
stroyed.
Yankee SAILS UP WITHOUT PERMISSION.
One year later another American vessel appeared
and boldly entered the straits without asking permis
sion. Aer action appears to have caused large
amount OF Indignation among tho Ottoman officials.
Tho affair IL described in letter from Sir Robert
Affair." the English Ambassador at the PorIe to Lord
Bathurst. He wrote February 10, 1910, as iolows:-
cit appeared during OF my Representations
tina, a large American snip. painted exactly like
irigase OF twenty guns, passed tnroush tns
Dardanelies under her own colors ana came
Lordship the degree Of offence which this proceeding
has gwen the Turkish government America having
even tue Scabes under her own flag But 10 pass the
Dardanecs with nor pennant Tying at the inain,
with ali tho parade Of ship OF war las tho Turk
report complains) was taken as an alront Which
should BIO punished Dy the instant conf OF the
snip succeeded though not easily, in pre-.
venting this act Of violence, but could not prevent,
the lrst moment oil anger, the Issuing to tho Pacna Of
the Dardaneles order to stop all vessels OF that
description cirrying arms, ana 10 compel theu TO
anchor 10 Tcnedos until permission should DO sent 10
pass on" IL appears 10 another communications OF
SIR Robert Adar TO the Foreign Secretary that up 10
as Brush subjects by the Turkish government, and
remarking upon the increasing number OF American
vessels arriving in the Lcvant says that pay
OF eonsuar ieos they werc admitted 10 ali the rights
aud PRIVILEGES OF English traders.
THU WABASH GOES THROUGH THE STRAITS.
No treaty conSeDtiVn existed between the Porte
and the United states unt 1880, when Mohammed
Hamed (Rcis EHendh shaving been permitted by His
Very Noble Imperial Majesty 70 negotiate ana con.
cude treaty, ana having conferred with our friend,
perial reside unnamed with full powers, scpa-
rately aud jointly with tho other two comm Ssioners,
Commodore Biddie and Dard oiiiey, now at smyrna"
agreed upon articles, among which 10 the
effect that American merchant vessels requiring per-
mits 20 pass through The Dardanelles should obain
them with the least possible delay. In November,
1865, The United States lrigae WABASH, orty guns,
Captain $. Barron sailed through the stralls and
ctored oil ConHtantnopie. captain Barron main
tanned that the United states not peing party the
Treaty oil Paris was not bound by It's snpuIaliona
thout leagi ng explicitly the correctness OF
this position The Turkish government received tho
Wabash in friendly spirit and the matter practically
ended t'
PRESENT SENTIMENT GREAT BnITAIN
Tho progress OF events In the present war has
brought the question OF opening The DardanolIcs
more forward W position OF the highest Importance,
ana upon 1t may turn the issue OF peace be.
tween Iseat Britain and Russia. There a certain
degree OF vAguencss Iu tho Czar's propositions rea
ve TO the stralts Out the Ehslen M}nistry Pretend
to IN them design to overthrow I'll the guaran-
tees that nave at any 'ime boon made TO secure tho
interests OF the Empire. IL Russian men-o-war are
granted the night 10 pass through the Dardnces
last defence OF Constanlinoe II is con ended Will be
taKon away. In the recent debate in PAslamcut on
hc address repiy 10 Inc Queens speech Chan