The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-10-31
STEAM FROM PETROLEUM
SPRAY INSTEAD OF COAL
NO SMOKE, NO DUST. NO
DANGER
The Twin Discovery to Edison's
Electric Light


Sulphur and carbon, the two deteri-
Grating elements that are present in
all the wrought iron now made, are
uttarly cast out by this new process.
In the salisbury furnace the pig metal
is melted to a thin liquid in fifteen
minutes. 1t Is then drawn off into a
second furnace, n foot lower than
the first, and which is heated by the
waste | 1T of the first. The second
furnace is Immediately charged with
a continuous of hot air and super
heated steam of 1000 degrees and i'm
mensa pressure, which lie ips every
particle Of the liquid metal in agita-
ton, and burns ou5 the carbon utterly
in from eight to ten minutes. when it
is ready for the puddler. At no time
in this operation can any cold air come
in contact with the liquid, and conse-
quently every particle becomes united.
In the two melting processes every
trace of sulphur is taken up. The in
slant the metal is run If into the
second furnace, the first is filled with
pigs when No. . Is taken out by the
puddler, the new lot is ready to run
into the second furnace, and SO on in
ceaseless alienation. Not some points
in contrast with the methods where
coal is used as fuel a. 1t has always
been impossible to free the iron from
carbon and sulphur with the dc
methods. (2) Ten charges are run off
in a day and a night with the present
process the same number will be run
off in ten hours with the new. One
puddler will turn out in ten hours the
amount hat four puddlers and helpers
now turn out IN twenty-fOur hours.
G. The furnaces will be kept hot for
three months continuously. as the fre
brick. becoming invitritied by the in
tense heat, will last that long; under
the present methods, owing to the
action of the sulphur. and the neceSsl-
ty of scraping off the fins CiudeIs and
ashes which form clinkers on the
brick, the latter must be removed
every day, and a new hearth made,
during which time the furnace is al
lowed to cool. a. Not only IS the
quality-adheSlveneSS-Of the iron I'M
proved by the new process, but the
Quantity is increased 100 pounds to the
ton of material. (5.) One-half the
labor in finishing is saved. o. The
heavy labor of handling coal and re
moving ashes is dispensed with. a.
The cost of fual is reduced one-half,
reckoning coal at only So Ter ton.
The Bess Hmer steel process is also
to become Anticipated through the Sal
isbury inventions. This practical
! savant assume To make steel superior
to the Bes,emer at one-eight OF the
outlay for IN .terial. The great point
here. as i'll his iron, is the ease with
which he all races OF sui
phur. a point where the BessemeI
steel is defective. In the latter pro
cess. the carbon is burnt out by pres
sure of cold ali, and the steel Is cas-
into large isnots which are heated <
white heat by gases containing a larg'
proportion of sulphur. These ignot
are GU while hot iuto the siz re
quired for rails, and these smalle
pieces again heated by the same kin,
of gases, whose sulphur is ABSORBED
every time. The iron has a create
affinity for sulphur han for the oxy
gen in air. as is evidenced by the fac
that coal gas is now purified by pass
ing it through oxide of iron. Ih