davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1878-07-18

John O'Donnell and William Summers live in
the same house at Ninety hrt street and Madison
nue.. oDonnell, workngman, has a family Summers
lives with his and his cousin and the police he
is an idle fellow He IL very Quarrelsome and has spent
two terms IN the psnilFnnary Recently he assaulted
twO wOme and placed under hail 10 keep the
for six months lie renewed an old quarrel with ODon'
nell Monday. After they had separated Summers re.
turned armed with old sword with which he struck
oDonnell on the head and stabbed him over the heart
on seeing Oicer siebert he Jumped through window
into the ward the Officer Woods Of the Mounted
Squad caught him yesterday O'Donnells wound over
the heart will probably be fatal.
The sun., 1878-07-18

Oympics show less beef than their rivals. but
sncm 10 have great siaying powers. They have
hentcn the Saugcrlrs twice this year-onre on
IunH at Troy. and again on July at Albany.
nner ,bn yinnin,, Iino w;,L N Io.d ~ thrre
lengths. foulcd IN abutmcnj to the Eric trcstl
bridge, and Loaf the race IN consequence. In
the trial heats for this latter race. over mile
and n half course. with q strong current IN their
favor, both made the remarkable time oil 7 min
utes ~ seconds
The sun., 1878-07-18
Finding the Body OF IA Suicide.

The body OF William Purcell. who committed
suicide saturday evening by Jumping from the staten
island ferryboat westfeld picked up in Butsrmik
Channel yesterday mernng by the crew Of the tugboat
Active. Purcell was the son VI wealthy phy uf
CarrAck, Ireland and formerly m the London Post
Once lie has been In ths country for ten years, and
lived for some time at 313 Henry street Macmillan 4
Co. publishers. employed him as advertising agent
Ills friends dentfcd his body In the MOrgue Strong
drink is said to have led TO his death
The sun., 1878-07-18
The Mexican Award.

WAsHINGToN. July 17.-Thc exact amount oi
the award To American claimants - the Joint Americas
and Mexican Commission /. "a oi 02e to he distributed
among about Sp persons After deducung slli,ano for
the Of the commission there viii remain for dis
uhnuon OF uin amount thus iar paid by the Mexican
Government S57uopp This viii give rata at about
fourteen per cent The We'll and La Ahfa nt
included tht LETT Tor future rln-ll ration In
sequence oil the allegation o fraud hy the Mexican Gov
The sun., 1878-07-18
LONG ISL.fND.

The body Of man about 30 years ot age fonnd Al
Fort Hamilton on Tuesday. He had dark hair, sAndl
mousAchs. And wore black alpaca coat hght vest aud
trousers black AMI white striped shirt brown socks
gnters, and had n leather belt around his waist
Hermann schmtE, keeper of haTroom In "a ecnponS
sailed IN Hamburg steamer on saturday lie sent
etter to his wife saying that he should never return
this country. She knows OF M reason why hc should
run away and is consuci by the iact that hr did nct
carry away with him his property that Is large enough
IN amount 70 insure her UumOrt
The sun., 1878-07-18
The Death of . Bai.,mor. Editor.

oliver p. Baldwin. Sr.. ono OF the editors oil
the Baltimore Sun, died at his residence at wayerly
Baltimore county, yesterday morning. Mr. Baldwin had
for forty years been prominent writer and Journalist
He the editor Of the Lexington Val BInns and
the Richmond Dcgafch, and was once member Of the
Virginia State Senate. lie had wide reputation as
humorous lecturer and author His most popular work
was The Flush Times In Alabama lie was about o.
The sun., 1878-07-18
seAle,cher'. struggle for n denomination.

SAN ANTONIO. July 17.-After a session last
ing Ave days and nights the Democratic Congre ssiona
Convention for the Fth District Of Texas adjourned sine
die, without making a nomination. Fifty .hyo ballots
taken The candidates Gustav ScheiehsT, the
incumbent and Judge John Ireland.
The sun., 1878-07-18
Arm. and Ammunition for the Turks.

New HAVEN. July 17,-To-morrow morninA
the English steamer B Walker will sail ron this port
for Constantnonle. with arms aud ammunition tor the
Turkish Government She has on board 20 upl.nsO
trdgcs. @7upl rifles 5ipD sabre hnyouets amt 1000
scnbhard the total value the hrlng 81 uih 90
The sun., 1878-07-18
Queen Mercedes. Ob.eauies.

MADRID. July IT. The obsequies OF Queen
MERCEDES were celebrated in the Church OF San Fran
cisco to day with great pomp Forty thousand persons
were prdA en including the Ambassadors. Presidents OF
the Ciamb>rs aud the entire Court Nine Bishops AS
dsied at tho ,equlem masA
The sun., 1878-07-18

The body II an unrcsosmIod man was found on Con
stables Hook yesterday
James Hurley young Philadslphian was drowned Al
Atlantis city YESTERDAY The body was recovered
The body VI Frederick Miller 9t Seventeenth street
who was lately drowned in tie Nfth river was recoV
cred near uuttrnbuTg, y. ] yesterday,
The sun., 1878-07-18
The Miners strike at AnzIn.

VALENcIENNEs. July Ill is feared that 900
miners will be on strike at Amin by tomorrow Attacks
have already been made on the men who continue at
work and the gendHres have been Obliged to intervene
one has been wounded and several have been az.
rested. A large reinforcement oI troops 10 coming.
The sun., 1878-07-18
Suicide Attempted by a New Yorker.

ALBAST July 17.-Chsrles Konsby of As Bond
street. New York city this evening admitted to the
City Hospital suffering from dose OF opium He had
also severed the artery OF his with razor He Is
music teacher ~ years old and represented 10 be Of
good family. II Is thought he Will recover.
The sun., 1878-07-18

PROVIDENCE. July 1.-THE so-callod fomals
detective. whose prinks IN Now York attracted pubiN
attention j. probably Newport girl member OF 70
spectacle family residing there
The sun., 1878-07-18
The signal once Predictions.
NkU JERSEY.

Partly cloudy weather. occasionHN rain. windf
mostly from warmer southwest, siauOlNry VI loves
The sun., 1878-07-18

Tho Thermometer at Hudnut's indicated at
81'; 80; .. ITO; IL. 75'.
The sun., 1878-07-18

Fayorlte Chateau Lagarosse Carets Jonzac Oognacs
and More LeeYTe OhamPagnes AAugeT Petrie, liC
ReAde st, n Y-AdV
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
REMEMBER THIS

Uuban Chill Tonic, the great
West Indies Fever and Ague Rem>
edy, cures chiIls and fevers every
time. 1t cures when quinine and
physicians' prescriptions fail to cure.
Thousands of bottles have been
given away and not q single failure.
It cures chIlls and fevers quicker
than anything else on earth, and
the cure 10 complete and permanent.
It cures liver complaint aud bilious
ness. 1t gives health to the poor,
pale, sick sufferer. It gives an
appetite and purifics the blood.
It is the finest aud best family med
icine IN the world. 1t should be in
every family in this town and cOun'
", because 1t saves sickness and
gives health. There is no earthly
reason Why you should suffer with
cbilIs and fevers, when Cuban Chill
Tonic, the great West Indies Fever
aud Ague Remedy will cure you
Get q bottle from your druggist
Phillips & Jones and try it.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

A number of coIored robbers were
arrested and tried on Thursday for
breaking into a car, by means of a
crow.bar, and pillaging the came
Meat, candies, raisins, lemons,
champagne, etc.. was taken in abpn-
dance. Neil Walker, v no was first
arrested, he having had reception
and treated his friends of the public
on champagne, lemonade and other
viands and delicacies, made clean
breast of it, or rather an unclean
breast of it, as he Implicated sever>
al who were not in the raid at all,
there having been an express agree
ment between the raiders that in
case any one of them vas caught,
he should lay It on parties who had
not been connected with the affair
in any manner whatever. In this
way Bill Ward, notorious thief
and burglar, escaped, as did also
one other companion. Neil Wake !,
Frank Oowan aud Jim Belcher were
committed to Jail in default of bail.
to await the action of the Circuit
Court. Neil says now that be lied
on Frank Cowan and Jim Belcher
and is anxious to do them the tardy
justice to declare they were not
with him at all.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
LIyERIS KING.

The liver is the imperial organ
of the whole human system, as il
controls the life, health aud happi'
ness OF man. When tits disturbed
in its proper action, all K nds OF
ailments are tho natural result.
The digestion of food, the mOve-
meuts Of the heart and blood. the
action of the brain and nervous sys
TEN, are all immediately connected
with the workings OF The Liver. IT
has been successfully proved tn It
Green's August Flower is unequal
led in curing all persons afflicted
with Dyspepsia or Liver Complaint,
aud all the numerous symptoms
that result from All unhealthy con
slitiou of the Liver and Stomach.
Sample bottles to try, 10 cents.
Positively svld In all towns on the
Western Continent. Three doses
will prove that it is just what you
want. For sale by Phillips s. Jones
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
Mayors Office, City of Canton, /
July 26fh. 1878. {

mayors Omce, City OF Canton, !
July Goth, 1878. !
WHEREAS, 1t is reported that
therp:is yellow fever in New Orleans
aud Vicksburg, and it is possible
that it may come to Canton unless
proper sanitary precautions are
taken; therefore the citizens of
Canton are hereby notified to
cleanse and thoroughly disinfect
all sinks, and other unhealthy
places, around their premises, by
Tuesday evening. the 30th of July,
1878, Mt which time the MAJ shall
of the city will visit each house in
the city and report all persons who
have neglected to comply with this
Proclamation, and such delinquents
will be visited with the severest
penalties of the law.
All persons living in the city can
obtain lime, in reasonable quaint
ties. for sanitary purposes, free of
charge. by applying at the store of
Tunstall & Handy.
All persons are earnestly urged
to comply with this Proclamation
Immediately.
Witness my hand and official seal
this Goth day of June, 1873.
ROBERT POWELL, Mayor.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Whitworth College, at Brookha-
ven. in this State, enjoys great ad
vantages in point OF location, health,
aud q faxltiess faculty. We learn
that the corner stone of the new
brick bulldog, which will be an
additional comfort aud convenience
to both pupils and teachers, Will
be laid about the 22nd of Angus;
From long acquaintance with the
President and a knowledge of his
ability and fidelity in the important
office he holds, we venture to gay
that Whi'Wovth College IS the besl
institution for girls in the State o,
Mississippi.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
PERSONAL.


Judge Crissman, of Brookhaven,
the present Judge of the 10th Judi
cial District, was in Canton last
Tuesday.
Mr.. j. G. Thigpen is enjoying a
few weeks visit to Artesia Springs.
The Summit Sentinel. referring
to a visit Of our young friend Char
lie Killer to that place, speaks Of
him as "the sweet singer of Cam
ton.n
Mr.. 81. r. Smith, postmaster, and
lady will start for the North and
East to- morrow Sunday on two
months visit.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
Landresh's garden seed
reduced 10 half price at w.
j. MOsby Il Cos.
w. j. MOSBY & co.

Are Just receiving q new supply
of fresh Drugs and Medicines,
School Books aud Stationery,
Paints, Oils aud Varnishes, pure
Wines and Brandies for medical
use; also fine assortment Of Win
dow Glass, Sash and Doors, q lot OF
handsome Pocket and Table Gut
lery. The latest novelties in Per.
fumery and Toilet articles. Prices
reduced to suit the times.
They give special attention to the
Prescription Department, the great
est care being taken to have pure,
reliable medicines, only, and the
utmost caution in c0mpoundine
them. sep22tf
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

A GOOD PLACE FOR THE OLD
MAN An old man by the name OF
Pollock, who had been bargaining
with Col. Craig for the sale of a lot
of corn in Tennessee,-corn. which
as matters subsequently proved
existed only in Pollocks well corned
imagination, presented himself at
Mr.. Chas. Handy's bank, the other
day, and presented draft signed
+. l.. Viryem. asking the cashie- to
cash the same, which was :
the name was easily n
E. L. Virden of Jackson,
known here. Pollock t,
fifty dollars, requesting Il
bulance might be placed
credit, at the bank. He also
ceeded in getting ten dollars
MaysOn 81 Landers, and then 1
out. He was subsequently, arrested
at some station above this and
brought back to Canton and lodged
in Jail, not having his case investi-
gated for obtaining money under
false pietenses. at Pollocks own
instance until his sou could be heard
from in Tennessee. In answer to
letter written to the son aforesaid,
81 Eating that his sire was in durance
vile, the dutIful and affectiOnate
young man replied that sit is a very
good place for the old man." In
this nuisance it seems that the
father is the prodigal instead of the
son. The case is to undergo inves-
tig alton to day.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

THE AUCTION Room, on the east
side of Court Square, presents many
attractions to those who has g money.
Ever 90 little. can purchase great
deal there. Call ON A. w. Stanford,
Leon Bailey or s. Z. Divine if you
wish to get bargain.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

MAGIsTRATE'S COURT. - Miss
Williams was a sweet Rose ia trique
who, needless of her mothers res
peated warnings, lent too willing an
ear to a dusky woOer whose cogno>
men is Jake Cross. Miss William d
became SO enamOred of the dark
swain, who plighted her his many
VOWS of eternal devotion, c'and
ne'er true One") that she fled her
home, mother, all, determined to
share the fortunes of Mr.. Jake eros S
for life, or until they both got tired,
or until one got tired of the other,
they being disciples of the Victoria
Woodruff doctrine. Thereupon Pete
Williams, brother Of the frail and
gentle runaway, became cross also.
and at once sought Jake CIoss's
slog cabin in the lane" with the
view of charging him with inducing
his lovely sister to abandon the ma.
turnal roof. Peter made no "bones"
of his object on arriving at Jake's
retreat. In "fair, square, peacea>
BILE and quiet Manner he dismount-
ed from his horse. announcing his
determination to correct his sister,
and Jake also. He kicked Jake, in
in a very quiet and peaceable way,
and then drew q pistol and snapped
cap at him in quiet aud peace-
able way. cursing him all the time
not a whit louder than his lungs
capacity would admit. But Jake
drew a single barrel ''swamp anger
from his rear pocket and returned
Peters salute of swapping cap by
bona fide shot, the ball taking effect
in Peter't throat, ranging down into
his shoulder. Then Jake showed
Peter clean pair of number thir>
teens, and Peter followed him and
fred at him, but could not catch up
in consequence of his wound. Jake
was tried, but the Magistrate
thought it was a case of self
defense, aud Jake was discharged.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
TO CONSUMPTIVES.

The advertiser, having been permanently
cured of that dread disease, Consumption,
by q simple remedy, Is anxious to make
Known to his fellow-suferers the means Of
cure. To all who desire ii, he will send
a copy OF the description used, Gree Of
ci,ar9e), with the directions for preparing
and using the same, which they will find
q sure cure for consumption, asthma,
bronchitis. sc.
Parties wishing the prescription will
please address, Rev. E. A. Wilson, 1874 Penn
St., WILLIAMSBURG, N. Y.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
ERRORS OF YOUTH.

A gentleman who suffered for years from
nervous debility, premature decay, and all
the effects Of youthful lndiscretion. will,
for the sake Of suffering humanity, send
free to all who need it, the recipe and dir.
pction for making the simple r,lnedy by
which he WAS cured. Sufferers wishing to
profit by the advertisers experiences can
do 80 by addressing in perfect confidence,
Joos u. O.nEx. - Cedar ST., New York
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Look out for the eclipse of the
sun next Monday, the Goth inst.
It will be visible between 4 and 3
O'Clock, but only as partial
eclipse.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Here is q bit of seasonable adj
vice from the st. Louis EOening Dis
patch, which may possess some
value to those who are suffering so
dreadfully from the heat: "The
lesson Of William Cullen Bryant's
life was moderation. and it should
be remembered rg this hot
season. Don't much, nor
drink too muct . much,
nor talk to n to much.
Keep cool 1ss that is
body>kjw you want to
avoid sness of heat,
keep o.. sothing is 80 0p-
pressive a. ting still in hot
weather, for one is then more aware
Of the heat than if quietly but
actively employed. People feel the
heat far more on Sundays. when
they are sitting quietly at home,
than on week days when regularly
employed"
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Mrs. j. V. Fitchett will accept
our thanks for another basketful
Of large fine Irish potatoes and
mammoth beets. Both very accep-
table to us these dry times.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
AT GUNLEYS,.

AT GUNLEYS,.
Home hand made buggy harness
$500. 3l0.6O. el2-50, sl4.0O, $500,
1000 and el8.00 per set, and splen>
did sterling silver plated for 20.0O
per set.
Any style harness or saddle made
to order. je15tf
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

OUR JOB OFFICE is unexrellrd
by any outside the cities, and we do
job work at CITY prices. Cards
Bill heads, Letter heads, Blanks
Funeral Notices, &c. speciality
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Mr.. Jno. Livelar is changing the
restaurant portion of his saloon into
a billiard hall, and will shortly open
1t up as such, With new tables, etc.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Gwinner's New Style of Farmers
Shoe 10 pronounced by every one
who has tried it to be the most sat-
isfactory article of the kind, in every
respect, ever brought to this market.
Call and examine it. u At
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
Public School Notice

The Teachers of the Public Schools of
Madison County, will meet at the Court
house, on the second Saturday I 10th prox J
of next month, for the purpose of consider
ing and adopting a uniform series of Text
Books. w. b. STINSON,
jy20t3 County 5uperinten dant
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

The thermometer reached the
nineties every day during the week.
We think old "pIobs" is using a
little too much fuel these hard
times.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Read the Proclamation by Mayor
Powell; also the new advertisements
in this issue. Want of space forbids
special mention this week.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Any OF our delinquent Subscribers
can pay their subscription in butter,
eggs, fowls or vegetables at the
highest market price.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
SODA WATER
MRS. c. SULM, N. SIDE SQUARE.
SULM & CO., s. SIDE SQUARE.
CANTON, MISS.
= Cd A :" a II e k

n addition to my Bakery and Confectiou-
l. cry, have put up a Soda Fount,
THE NEW IDEA
which dIspenses pure and sparkling soda
water. Soda water is now in general use,
fashionable everywhere. 1t is undoubted
ly preventive of Cholera, Cholera Morbus,
and other similar diseases. The plague of
Cholera never gets deep hold when Soda
Water is freely used.
1t is priced and recommended by Physi-
clans as a healthy, palatable drink for
warm weather.
1t improves the taste and increases the
sanitary effects of drinks, and is the best
antidote for alcohol and lessons the desire
for spirituous liquors. All who would pro-
mote the ''cause Of temperance" can do SO
by drinking
PURE, PALATABLE AND WHOLE
SOME SODA WAT..R.
EIt Costs but cents per glass.sI
N. Especial attention to ladies and
children. Very Respectfully.
jun22m3 MRS. c. SULM.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
PIMPLES.

I will mail (free) the recipe ror preparing
a simple Vegetable Balm TINT will remove
Tan, Freckles, Pimples and clutches,
leaving the skin SOFT clear and beautiful !;
also instructions for producing luxuriant
growth of hair on Il bald head or smooth
face. Address, inclosing 3 cent stamp,
Ben. Vandclf n Co., No. 20 Ann ST., N. Y.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
Fruit Jars and Jelly Glasses

Just received and for sale by w.
j. MOSBY & CO., large supply
of Fruit Jars and Jelly Glasses, At
prices to suit the times. jel5m1
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

The Eureka is an Havana filled
: cigar. Only cents.
SULM s. 90.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

The Eureka is the beet cigar for
the least money. Only B cents.
SULM g. Co.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

A refreshing shower cooled off the
heated atmosphere on Thursday
evening.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
The Eureka is the best ciga: in
town. SULM & Co.

Kid Spanish Congress halfGaiters
for sale 1t cF,arland e. Stiuson's.
The most comfortable Shoe that q
Lady can wear, either In or O mt
doors.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
TURNtP SEEDS.

w. j. Mosby & Go. have just re,
ceived large supply of Landreth's
New crop OF Turnip Seed.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

You ,oM find our prices % per cent.
lo'oer than any other.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
Advertised Letters

remaining in the Post Office, at this
place for the week ending July 20
1873:
Bragg, VIM Manseii, James H
Howard, Ruben Sbach, Thomas
Hopper, Sarah Thompson, Fannie
Magruder, RAche!
Persons calling for the above will
please cay "advertised.n
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

WANTED, al this Office, about
80 cords of hickory wood.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

HEAD LIGHT OIL. only 35 cts.
per gallon, at SULM & cos.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

Smoke the Eureka. The besI
five cent cigar III town.
SULM s. co.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27
Proclamation j.!

NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1878-07-27

%
N. B.-Wo invite attention to the follow
ing provisions of the Registration Law: 1st.
The county being divided into ELECTION
Districts" each elector or voter must regis
lister and vote alone in his own ELECTION
District" and precinct designated therein.
I'd. Each apple mt for registration is re-
quired to state upon oath the part of the
ELECTION District in which he resides.
w F. DANt,Y Pres't
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-12-24
PIGEON SHOOTING.

Captain Bogardus, having resigned the position of
championship of America retaining the title only OF
champion of the world offers pigeon and glass
ball tournament Of three days duration with prize
medals and money for those who are ambitious Of
trying their skill for that proud honor. On Christ
mas Day the tournament will commence at the Brook
Ign Driving Park, at twelve o'clock sharp, when
twenty single and ten double birds will be shot
at for a purse Of $500 and magnificent
gold medal, the money being divided into
four parts. On the second day (Thursday)
purse of $500 and gold medal will be given for the
championship of glass ball shooting 100 glass balls
EACH On Friday purse of $500 will be given for
shooters at twenty glass balls and pigeons EACH
The medals won viii have to be held two years
against all before they become the property
of the holder Mr.. Bogardus offers to shoot and give
any in the world 200 glass balls in 1000, many
thousands and for many dollars as may be re-
nuired