The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-07

for careful drawing and coloring but trine
hammered in the composition; and A" Scene in
Mnin County Pa" No. sos. by George IIetzeL
ENGLISH IRON AND COAL INDUSTRIES.
When we consider how large n part of the
working population in Great Britain is depend
ont for the means Of existence on the produc-
ton Of coal and the manufacture OF iron the
question whether these Industries are begin
ming to show signs Of revival is seen TO be OF
vital concern to the national prosperity. Re-
ports have now come in from nearly all the
mining districts showing the operations Of the
past year and we are bound to say that the state
Of things thus exhibited is as unpromsing as
possible.
1t seems that the production Of raw iron is
being gradually abandoned in its former seats
and tending to concentration In regions moro
favored from an economical point of view. nota-
bly, in the district Of Cleveland. whore alone the
returns indicate any considerable gain. In
general. however the depression weighs rather
on manufactured iron than on the crude ma
tera In scotland, the number Of furnaces in
operation has much diminished. and the same
may be said OF Lancashire. Staiordshire. Der
byshire. Lincolnshire and Yorkshire. II ap-
pears indeed. from the statistics furnished. that
not less than 100000 tons Of iron were for
warded from the Cleveland works TO Scotland
In 1877. while largo quantities were also sent TO
other districts once selfsupporting. but no
longer able 10 compete in the cheap reduction
Of iron ores. II the export Of the rough metal
took place only from county 10 county. and were
confined to England. there would be an ulu
mate gain, Of course. In this economic revolu-
ton although 1t could hardly fail to entail great
suffering on certain districts. "a il always the
changed. But the truth is that the Cleveland
region is sending large quantities OF raw iron
out OF the country. and especially TO Ger
many. The German foundrymen have
learned that they can buy iron cheaper
in Cleveland than they can make il at homo.
and aiterwnrd. by reason Of the low rates OF
wages in their country. send back tho manu-
featured articles To England suhiecting the
british manufacturer 10 a harassing compcti-
ton. The result Is that the English working
man loses the whole price Of the manual labor
applied in fabrication. while Great Britain is
daily tending 10 exchange It's prominent stua-
ton as Il puryeyor Of manufactured iron for
the relatively improbable role II producer OF
raw metal Even in Cleveland whore the con-
dtions are so favorable the delivery Of manu-
facturci articles has declined. and elsewhere
the diminution Is immense. To cite the single
'f''' va - N7A'ih's W. U.s. ''N '''''N ''''' '''
| companies were founded there between 1856
and 1876 for the purpose Of working iron. with
an aggregate capital Of nearly forty million
| dollars but their shares. which few years ago
were much above par are now offered at n dis
count Of twenty per cent. Indeed, the naked
fact that steel is Mt present worth only about a
mira OF It's value III 1910 Il suHfioh'V slshlh-
cant Of the change which has Frustrated the
| iron workers Of Great Britain.
since III England inc lapricauoh OF IRON Is
veritable regulator OF the price Of coal we
should expect the coal industry under existing
| circumstances TO be anything hut prosperous.
A. n matter of fa,. ,re ind nenrlv nil tha
~ N'"' ~ '" w
mines OF Staifordshire abandoned. and IN
! South Wales where the coal was almost exclu-
ei,,.lv cr,n,oved In iron works II Inns hccn
s' i'..'ar, =, 'I,Sa ,ha o'.,I,arios n,
! course, the privations and suhorings among
| H.. W,.ish r,innrs nra horrible Al Cardiff the
moorbonse ia h,.sicco1 and ,he municinoI nm.
p'orhouse II "7''''u' anu 'np n"hicIp"i "u'
thorties are constrained 10 find employment
for the starving workmon. In the valley Of
Rhpndda. the richest basin IN all Wales, The
! mines ure only worked two days in week. yet
oo,,b ,,,, s,lI ia .oil f., entail II loss unon the
| owners oi Twelve 7" 'lGhfeh ceh's' Az Nardul
49, l,,,,.,., oo,, h found .tr,,,h ,ro or., ,lI
no buyers can po mum" HIr""' W' III" "'"
over niles OF railway DurihE the last hlh'
Itllti
,.i., a+ ln,,., -. ,,ar,ie, i, n, CT,
on 10y " .l""' "' "n| "' '"I"i' "u. "' swan
sea ana Newport. In word. English miners
can nt pro-ont only make. throughout a lare,
,..,. H.. ',,,,t, f,,r, A. On - a. tn a u,oal,
Ptrl "l we COUNTRY r""l go 10 va" "c'N
What Is the cause Of the paralysis whjcl
snan,4 - hnva nernnnontlv suittnn Those tvyt
,r1 N,,..
great INDUSTRIES lH'I' r. 81 'ourS''
general reason often pointed out. namely, tn,
partial cessation Of railway building through
Wv" ~, - -