The sun., 1878-08-18

lilE tnN thUVlpH from 0llIprrnt DOlnta Ot tho
hogshcad Not only would tho use Of the po-
lariscope not remedy this evil. because samples
from different, parts OF the hogshcad would
show In the polarscope different grades Of sac
charne matter hut II would be impossible TO
OBTAIN an accurate sample except from solu-
Ion OF samples taken from each part of tho
hogshoad. As sampled nj present some ten
to fifteen pounds Of sugar are taken from some
ten or fifteen hogshcads. sny out OF parcel OF
pies are thoroughly mixed up and form the ag-
Rregato sample by which the 10, is classified.
For a test of the same lot Of ono hundred
hogshcods by the polariscopc about one ounce
OF sugar actually determines the classification
Of the cargo. II tho sampler can. ns we havo
shown, cause n difference OF five dollars u hogs
head by tho simple matter OF TAX ing his sample
from one or another. part OF tho hogshcad. how
much easier it would be to get into the polari-
scope one ounce Of sugar which would produce
the Same results. when similar Inducements
were offered to him.
The main feature OF the bill presented during
last session by the Hon. Fernando Wood to tho
Committee Of Ways and Means OF the House Of
ner OF collecting duties on sugar and tho adop-
ton for this purpose Of the, use OF the polari-
tom House a system which opened the door
still wider 20 the commission OF frauds In evad-
ing sugar duties. than even under our present
Dutch standard system. aroused every honest
importer and rcnner. Strangely enough tho
adoption OF tho polariscopc was warmly adyo-
Gated before the Committee 10y certain combi-
nation Of importing refincrs. whose apparent
success in business Mt a time when all competi-
tors have been driven from the field has long
The head of this combination lived IN Wash
ingt9n during grcnt part Of last session and
his hospitality, good taste. and good wincs
cast even the Pacific Railroad lobby into tho
shade. In fact. he kept open house for any Con-
grcssman whom h. thought would have any in
fluencc in what was. to him. SO important
sin moro strangely Secretary John sherman
Of the Treasury Department who i'm February
last before the arrival of this champion Of tho
poariscope in Washington. had addressed u
Communication TO the Committee Of Ways and
"a In At Natrl In
adoption ot u uniform rate of duty on all sugars
not above No. IL. ID. $, became suddenly con-
yerted to the merits Of the polariscopc system.
For, when II was becoming evident that the op-
position TO tho pOlarlscOpc mnde 10y the i'm
porters and rehncrs of this and other cities be-
fore the Committee was SO clcnr and conclusive
as TO insure the defeat oi the use Of the polari-
scope Secretary sherman wrote another lcitcr
~ the instrument for. as he termed II. a
temporary measure
FRAUDS oN ExroRTED SUGAR.
Besides the frauds practiscd by dishonest i'm
portcrs on the importation Of sugars. tho Cow
ernmcnt has become convinced at last ot what
the whole business community has long been
cognizant of namely. that enormous frauds
what purports 10 be refined sugar produced
| from imported raw sugar. All refined sugar
| the produce of raw imported sugar. II entitled
| on eXportaiion. 70 the repayment 10y our Trcns-
| ury Department of drawbacks. which are sup
posed e be equivalent 10 the import duty
! originally paid when the raw sugar. from which
| tho exported article was produced. was inn
ported. The drawbacks are in figures as fol-
lows:
on a sot refined sugar under 81 % per ponnd 2-ioe
on al scr, ryag,d usai above NJ 10 Icr pound -
Molasscs pays Ca cents per gallon import
duty. From moasscs ia manufactured sugar
~ a low grade. not ilt for consumption but
which II made purposcly for sale 10 those re-
fncrs who turn out good refined sugars These
domestic molasses sugars. known IA "bas-
tards." are worked ny with imported sugar and
converted into different classes Of refined
sugars suitable Tor export. II is evident that
as the refining exporter receives from the Gov
ernment drawback varying from s-l0 cents
70 3 ls-lOo cents pcr pound he actually rohs the
Treasury of the drawback allowed him on every
particle Of converted domestic sugar. for u
course such sugar never was imported and
Consequently never paid any import duty II
Is wei known that thousands of hogsheads Of
these bastard sugars are annually converted
back ''''s' ''"''' "-' - '''D '''''' LAW
Another article Of homo manufacture has. it
Is universally admitted played. Of late years.
no unmporiani part in the drfrauling Il the
Treasury. This article. known as glucose. is
produced from corn and il said To hc worry ex-
tcnsively used in the Manufacture Of refined
syrup end sugars II Is impossible T. obtain
any reliable data rs to the increase - the pro-
durton of the home article but Il is known to
have been enormous.
The increasc ~ imports Of this material will
give some idea Oi the increased demand. The
imports in
l-7, were valued At ................... s2s52
1877 were valued AT ................. 23isoo
Tha, this glucose has been worry extensively
used IN the adultcrWion II both molas~c- ana
sugars for exp oriation and homo con,umItion
Is admitted on all Sides. AS IT PAYS no import
duty, every dollar. received by thc exporters in
the shape % drawbacks Is a dead swndle
Special Agents Chamberlain and Ayre sent on
from tho Treasury Department Rrc now invcs-
tgating the alleged frauds It is as.ertedthal an
order was recently issued 10y the newly appoint
ed Collector ~ our Port. Gen. Merritt that tho
entire stock OF raw sugar in this city be re-
sampled. The object of this order is TO detect
any discrepancies between tho SAMPLES now
taken and those which were taken when the
cargocs were originally landed. and on which
sc~sed
Besides tho cfrorts making by the Govern
ment through the labors OF Messrs Chamber
ain and Ayre. the Government are having ana
lyz"d by their own experts. at the Columbia
School Of Mines. under superintendence Of
Prof. Chandler, certain samples Of sugar and
syrup exported some time since. These sam
pies were those on which drawback was allowed
at the timo OF expectation and were obtained
from the export department Of the Custom
House. II IL rumored that some Of these
samples prove presence Of glucose TO the
enormous proportion Of about forty per cent