The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-07-15

Mares, this cipgine Smiths Sound 10 IN absurditys
Smiths Sound had beon written mp and pulled. and
as II 10 an English idea the English cling 70 u With
characteristic obstinacy. Think how much money
has been spent, how many lives have been lost how
much energy has been wasted, 70 prove that Smiths
sound leads into an impossible, impenesrabio sos.
YET, again ana again, expedition alter expedition
have knocked their heads against this barrier and
many OF them remain thcre. So Smub's sound has
become habit People believe IN IL because twenty
or thirty ago they told 70 believe In H.
Frankin wont In that direction aud 80 DID Kane snd
Hall and Hayes and other glorious, famous names
have thrown romance over all that Bsf1n's Bay,
Smiths Sound region So the ilusion has grown that
II the Pole cannot be reached over this route
It cannot be reached At all There was tho
same illusion about African discovery. Think Of
the expeditions that have gone into Africa.
following old and beaten tracks. to como
to the same snd-destruetion and death. Think OF
tho travellers who iod to the cataracs Of the
Congo and the Nile and where THESE great rivers
found their source. For generations, for centuries
they sried ana tried with NO result. Well, Stanley
thought that instead OF going the cataracts be
would 70 down tho cataracis; instead OF seeking the
sourcs OF the rivers by way OF the mouth he
would md the source and follow IL 10 the
mouth. SO by this simple change In tactics,
this application of little common sense
to his problem, Stanley solved 1t and found his way to
toe sea- Yet before Stanley did this people were as
anxious about going up tho congo as others are now
about going up Smiths Sound. Some day the Pole
will be toupd by navigator who goes 10 bis work
with the common sense and determination Stanley
showed IN Africa. Ny idea Is that /, one door will
not open try another II one route rs marked with
failures try new one, for there arc 1--WE others"
THE DOCTORS THEORY GRKESLASp. -
This was q departure from our conversation. how
ever and the Doctor resumed hts reasons tor tho ex
istencc OF Greenlnnd As far as wrange's Laud:-"lf
you will look" no said, Eat the history OF hege va
rious expeditions you viii what they teach. In
1858 your Doctor Kane went up 10 Smiths SOUND He
Tar as Cape Independence, north latitude 80
deg. SO min He found land ihere, and the
that said 10 sweep before his man Nor
ton was q dream.sea. In 1861 Hayes went back,
resolved 70 follow In the track OF his old friend
and leader, KAney He inhegited tho legend Of the
open Polar sea- sweeping away to Siberia and Spitzber
gen. He found this u Of ice, and when ten years
later In 1871 Hall there be forced TO turn
the into lanc-solid and-s,retchng from Cape H.
dependence TO Cape Bryant latitude 81 deg "a min The
effect OF Tbs to add two whole degrees OF latitude
OF land 10 my map Then comes Beaumont, who
won't out under Mares on the Discovery He Is the
last witncss he went farther north, to latitude 80
dog "a miu and he found land. Therefore, lar
have gone, have found land, and continuous land.
part OF Greenland. There is reason for sup
posing that the land stops at 81 deg. 81 min. and
trends southwark. There Is this for contrary
best-nnmeIy. that II land ended here at the point
where It seen BY Beaumont the Palsocrys.ic ice
would under the influence oil the prevailing westerly
winds, have drifted away 70 the east. Tho dritwood
found on the way-and thore vas very iite-sesns to
have been from America aud not from Siberia, which
Is another argument The Iraces VI Esquimaux have
only boon found 10 Robson Channel a. far - 81 deg
50 min. Therefore, It necessarily follows that
those found In East Greenland could not have
como round from Cape Britannia, but must have como
from Asia along shs shores Of this exteus'on OF
Greenland, which day Will be as much an accepted
part Of the map - the COASTS Of the Baltic Ny the
DRY about the Esquimaux IL this, aad have always
maintained II, called attention 10 IL In my latter TO
the Royal Geographical Society December s. 1870 and
said 1T is well known In the souherpmost part OF
Greenland that far away the coast Of Green
land heather tribo OF Esquimaux lives, OF which now
then strsgglers arrive n the German Missionary
station 81 Freidriohsthai. but always 20 away back
again because they prefer the climate and means OF
human existence desirable On the east coast
HuMAN LIFE UNDER Polls.
sBy the way" said the Doctor, II should not bs
at oil surprised " E-qumaux were found right under
the Pole, the land nearest the Pole It Is not
at all unlikely"
MOST PROMISING ROUTE TO THE POLE.
any ows route to the Pole" said the Doctor, "is
by tho way OF East Greenland. Lieutenant wey.
prschc who was In command Of the Austrian ex-
pediton--tor Payer ouIy commanded the sledgss-rs-
CARDS toe route through the Siberian Ear as
Bshriux straits as rho true route and would com.
mand another expedition In the same direction.
Payer not agree with him, but you must always
remember that Payer u sledgs man and inclines
tho land. while weyprecht Is a sailor and in-
clnss TO the ses, sLd rightly. Then wo have
another great authority, the sweds, Nordeusk,old,
famous man, who goes out next month
In command OF the Swedish expedition Nordens
kioid, VINO knows those spEberscn we'll, will
sail the Siberian coast and try 10 penetrate Bchriug
straits He will go way while the Jcannette goes
anothsr, over the same route. Nordenskioid has
already penetrated seas formerly regarded as i'm
peuetrable far Siberian rivers Obi and Yen.
isseL"
THE VALUE or THE SIBERIAN ROUTE.
at you so iurih.r NORTH" SAID tho Doctor, ITO
latitude so. have the western and eastern shores
o. Franz josef Land. On the eastern shore
paw ation ~oud DO difficult on account OF
the driit ico from the Siberian Sea- This Toe would
make II difncult Tor vessel TO 20 north. On tho
s6ther shore il would be easier 1he other route. d.
rect north of spitzberecn, In the wake Of Parry's
great expedition nifty years ago, has been prop
cry triei. think good steamer would do as well
there as Sir james Clarke Ross did IN the Anisr,ic
In is4o43. with gigantic ice masses against him.
and not steam but sailing vessels. Where the East
Grcenlsud route has the advastsEe Is that has the
coast line 10 follow, Tor that reason have always
held that II offered the surcss way OF reaching
the Pole. The cruise Of the Hsnsa, the German ship
which went out with the Germsnia in 1862 shows
this. The Hansa parted from her oonsors and was
destroyed in the ice Tho crew driited 10 the Mora.
wan missions, and the lesson OF that cruse that
Arctic Ice freely drifts along this coast In winter
summer. The effect Of this constant DRIFT or ice
movement must be that the ccutral OF the Polar
regions 10 moro or iess Tree from Ice.
persuaded that there is that could be
nsvigatod by such . boat as The Jeanette,
the Pole attained and the whole region far as
Behrng Straits expored.' On ibis subject the Doc