davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1878-08-15
FIRED, w z: N e. r
Manufacturer ofand dcaler. In
ALL STYLES OF FURNITURE.

Prices rs low rs the same can be bought
in Nashville.
His Furniture Is all handmade and wlll
stand the test Of any reasonable usage.
Pictures, Chromos. &c., neatly framed.
a lot ON hand for sale very low.
All sorts OF Moulding on hand for sale
cheap, for framing
II you want seats in your IN chairs,
come and get "Gardncr's Patent silly
veneer Seats.
~ All kinds of Upholstery, SC done
promptly,
SoFTETITTES
Made to order, and u full supply Of the
incest on hand, Of any size, at less than
they can be bought for amy where else.
He viii deliver them In aNICE lIEARSE
to any part 0fthc county
| keep on hant an assortment Of
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1878-08-15
County Court Land Sale.
Geo Poe and wife VS.. Elizabeth Rodgcr,

By virtue of 4 decree of the County
Court of Franklin county. Tenn, pro-
nounccd at its May Term, 1873, in above
cause, | will, on
Monday, September %, 1878,
at the Courthouse door in WINCHESTER. sell
to the highest bidder, the tollowing-dcs-
cribcd tract of land, situated in 'ivil dis
trict No. IA OF said county Bounded on
the north by the lands of james Poc'S
heirs. j + Await and W p Cherry on the
east by the lands Of James POc's heirs
on the south by the lands of II A Overly.
and on the west by the lands of q + R0g-
ers and IF Awult-containinG s. acres.
more or less. The growing crop for the
present year reserved.
The biddingS to commence mt eight dol
lars per acre, and will be sold on Il credit
of one and two years, except 10 per cent
in cash on day of sale
Notes with good and solvent suIetics re-
quircd of the purchaser, anda lien retain
ed until the whole of the purchase money
Is paid.
Witness my hand, at Office, this August
5th, 1873.
GLEN. ARLEDGE, Clerk.
BY j. j. Arledge, DC.
augs-tds 9la
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1878-08-15

j. j. williams.
The home journal. (Winchester, Tenn.) 1858-188?, 1878-08-15

BrannaM 4 Hunt, Solicitors
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10

About BuzzardS.

The buZzard belongs to the
fourth sub-family Of birds of prev.
He Is neither a falcon nor an owl.
but II form and appearance, has
some pecullarltles common to both.
This bird lives IN Europe and in
most oriental countries, and i
sometimes found in America. He
lives mostly upon frogs, mice and
such insects a. be a easily catch ::
for he is an intolerable loafer. and
two stupid to seek more noble
game. The lazy are ALWAYS stupid,
and the stupid always lazy, and
there Is no more contemplate char
acter on earth, whether among
birds or men The lazy drone bee
makes no honey; the lazy buzzard
does not even earn his own living,
and the lazy man Is a burden and a
curse upon society. As his exist
ence is intolerable, his departure
will be "a relief. The general i'm
preston IS that the buzzard cannot
be tanned; but Button gives an ac-
count of one taken in a snare which
was with great difficulty domeStica-
ted. lie was first wild and ferocious,
but under the process of starving,
he became tame, and would take
food from his masters hand. After
a while, his master let him loose
with "a bell attached to his leg, and
a label, bearing his name upon his
neck. He flew to the woods, but
in a few hours returned again pur-
sued by four other buzzards which
we're attempting to chastise him on
account of his abnormal condimal
condition, and perhaps, for his eyi-
dent tendency to the habits of do
nestle life. After this insulting
treatment he became more tame and
familiar, and seemed quite attached
to his master. This tame buzzard
was a mortal enemy to dogs and
cats, but perfectly fearless in their
presence. Four large cats were
once placed in the garden with him,
and a piece of meat thrown to them.
A general fight ensued, in which
the buzzard came off victorious and
bore away the the booty. He did
not fancy red caps, or wigs upon
the head, but would pick them eff
whenever he had an opportunity.
Prairie Farmer.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
Some Southern Products,

The SJsthern Lire STOCK Jour
ma. mentions some Horticultural
ami other products Of the South.
that may be utilized a follows:
Beautiful hats, baskets, and Ia
bic mats are made from the wire
grass OF southern Georgia and Flor
ida. England expends annually, a
quarter Of a million for wire grass
to De converted into paper. This
IS obtained from Spain. Portugal
and northern Africa. 4 million
acres Of this grass are burned every
spring in Georgia. The long leaf
pine i being utilized for making
mattresses; under the name Of 81.
Elmo Moss. C~assava and arrow
root grow finely in south Georgia
and Florida. There are beautiful
samples Of starch from each Of these
IN the Georgia Department Of Ag-
rlculture. Beautiful baskets and
table mats are made Of the common
swamp willow bv Southern girls.
and yet we buy our baskets from
the North.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
Manure in Winter.

Manure may be applied to some
trees and plants with much advan-
tage III early winter. Dwarf garden
trees and goosebery and currant
bushes, which do not grow with
sufficient vigor, may be mulched
with manure, and what is not wash
ed into the ground before spring
NAV be then spaded IN. Dwarf
pear trees. which IN exposed places
are liable to be injured by the freez-
ing of the soil, are benefited by the
winter covering, and by the enrich
ing of the soil. 1t is also well to
apply a heavy coat of II to
asparagus beds, which have not vet
received any. By some attention
much may be done to prevent the
waste of manure as it accumulates
during winter. The droppings IN
hen houses should be regularly
swept up and deposited IN stout
barrels. with alternating layers Of
some good absorbent. Road dust
is best. but if none was saved in
summer, use Well-SlIleu Codl dSlleS.
If the road dust is from clayey or
loamy regions. layers of this and
droppings, of equal thickness, will
answer; but is coal ashes n en-
ployed, there should be four times
as much. Keep stables frequently
and we'll Uttered. to ave the liquid
portions. and wheel out the con-
tents as often as twice a day into a
well made manure or compost heap.
Where an abundance of straw could
not be obtained, We have seen ex-
cellenJ m4lures made by daily
spreading a coating of fresh sand,
from a sand hole kept open for this
purpose, the stables oeing so warm
as to prevent much freezing.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
Keeping Apples.

The Southern Farmer, collecting
from various sources gives the fol-
lowing plans for keeping apples.
L. VI. Harver, of New York,
largely engaged, picks his apples
when ripe, packs them IN barrels
with many leaves, and they keep
we'll nearly every year. He says
but little us to his plan of changing
them in extreme cold weather,
simply asserting that he studies and
and practices what he finds will
best preserve them from freezing.
J. IL. Jackson, New York, places
his apples IN barrels, with us little
handling s possible, and when the
weather becomes frosty the fruit is
put where 1t Is just warm enough
to keep it from freezing. He has
kept them also by burying them
like potatoes in thoroughly dry dirt
OF nice. clean sand, we'll dried in
the summer. J. Wilson, New York,
keeps apples during the winter and
until spring by barreling and Gov
ering up the barrels IN a straw
stack, arranged to ventilate and
close up when needed.
ID. Michner regards the great
requisite in keeping apples as the
most careful handling and as little
Of it as possible, and an even, cool
temperature, never allowing it cold
enough to freeze. e. Hamilton
keeps apples different from any and
all others, by letting them remain
on the trees until thoroughly chill
ed by the frost and then putting
them in a cold cellar. He keeps
them till a new crop IS rlpened,
and he always has plenty Of fruit
TO use and to sell.
b. Freshman, Tennessee, picks
his apples off Of the trees carefully,
lays them thin on a floor. and thus
leaves them till freezing weather
approaches. when ne takes them to
his apple house bed made of pure
dry sand and covers them entirely
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
Sheep u Dogs.

All that is written and printed
on the subject of taxing dogs IS SO
much waste of time and labor. Ac-
cording to the State Constitution
they IAN only be taxed as property.
They cannot be taxed as per capita.
If taxed ad valorem, then the worth
less cures will escape and the valua-
BILE guard and sporting dogs alone
will be reached. 1t would evident
ly DE both unjust and impolitic.
As a per capita tax would be I'M
constitutional and void, taxing is
simply out of the question. How
then can the worthless dogs of ire
sponsible parties be reached and
destroyed !? That it ought to be
done no one who has the good Of
the country at heart, will doubt for
a moment. We think the only way
to reach the desired result is to let
the Legislature make the owners of
dogs responsible in damages before
a Justice Of the Peace, and upon
failure to pay promptly, make the
owners subject for a misdemeanor
and imprisoned at hard labor until
the same is paid, aud doom the
dogs to destruction. This will
prove an efTectual remedy, and it is
the only that will do. All other
schemes we lave seen are impractl-
cable because of the constitutional
difficulty IN the way. Our plan
will DESTROY the worthless dogs,
and all those valuable will be pre-
served. Let us have this legisla-
ton, and L.. our farmers give the
proper atten ION and care to the
subject Of sheep husbandry and this
profitable industry will flourish III
our State.-UH. Democrat.
The defect in our friends plan
is the impossibility of proring in
nine cases out of ten whose dog did
the damage. ED. F. & NJ.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
The Cost Of Cotton Growing.


IloS. l.. Jones. Commissioner OF
Agriculture for Georgia, has pub
lishcd 4 report giving the results OF
his Investigations III regard to the
cost OF the production Of cotton.
The Charleston NeWs says: The
statistics are based on two estimates
one of the lowest cost at which
cotton can be produced by farmers
who raise everything at home, and
the other of cost of production TO
those who buy bacon, flour, syrup,
&C., and more or less corn. The
Commissioners estimate of the aver
age cost in the first instance is 9
2-l0 cents per pound, and il the
latter ii cents. OF course both
these estimates cover only short
staple cotton. The report says:
"Ihe conclusion is inevitable that
4" the farmer who has made an aver
"age crop of cotton and produced
" at the same time a full supply of
"corn, fodder or hay, syrup, pota-
"toes, vegetables, bacon and lard,
land has a stock Of hos ana cat
" tie for the next year, has done a
"profitable years work; and Just
. in proportion as as he has neelec-
ted these supplies his profits have
"been less and less until TIC oppo-
&" site extreme is reached. when
she viii have lost not less
ethan 4 $40 cents on every pound
produced" These estimates are
not made on the actual outlay, but
on the lowest price at whici cotton
must be sold to save the farmer from
loss on his general farm operations.
Another important feature of the
report is the comparison OF the
three different modes of employing
Iabor-on shares, by wages and rs
renters-the verdict of the Com
missioner being unhesitatingly IN
favor of the wages system.
At the end of the report there
are a number of valuable tables,
from one of which the following
interesting facts are taken: In
Georgia the average wages of full
hands, men, in addition to rations,
are 1881 per month, and fl cents
per day. The average number of
bales OF cotton made per mule or
the wages system is 4 40, on the
share system 3 $40. OF the farm
laborers employed this year 80 per
cent. were employed on the wages
system, AZ per cent. on shares, and
20 per cent. as renters. The wages
system was most satisfactory to 50
per cent. of those farmers whose
replies were obtained, the share
system to 13 per cent, and the
rental system to 2S per cent. OF
the laborers the wages system was
most satisfactory to 60 per cent,
the share system to 20 per cent,
and the rental system to 20 per
cent. Stock can be raised most
successfully under the wages sys-
tenn, according to the opinion Of
SO per cent. of those consulted. The
average per cent. of farm labor en-
ployed in making and repairing
fences is 6 40 per cent. The per-
centage of those in favor of enclos-
ing stock, instead of crops, is 81
per cent.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10

AoPA8A"C>-Of late wears, II
M been employed - one Of III.
numerous cures, being recommend
cI ~ physicians IN rheumatism,
gravel, and Kidney diseases Scr-
eral casc> have come under ms osn
observation, where these complaints
have been relieved bv the persistent
use OF asparagus as = daily food.
There Is no doubt Of lis value a .
dlureuc, and being the earliest veg
ctable Of the season. il Is all the
more appreciated and rs effects the
more closely noted .-Rnral Ner
Yorker.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10

FRICTIOS or ROADS. Careful
experiments show that a horse Will
draw a load on a level, newly grav-
elcd road ) times rs great a. the
actual force applied; on u common
earth road, 10 times; on = hard
smooth road, "a times; on the best
McAdam road 30 10 90 times; on
the smoothest oak plank road 20 TO
100 times: on the best railroad, ESQ
times AS much. Thick or deep
mud on q road requires a force 1 or
. times as great a on 3 dry one
varying however greatly With It's
depth and stiffness.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
FARM NOTES.

The preparations for the agri-
cultural section Of the Paris Exhi-
bition are in a most advanced
state.
A man took first premium on
a ''big crop at our fair on year.
| investigated and learned hat he
was a very poor farmer, never stud
led principles, and that his big crop
was the result of fortuitOus cir
cumstances altogether .-Ohio Far
mer.
We know of no humbug SO
thoroughly exploded as the ''hul-
less oat" is now. We know that
the hulless oat had been grown for
some centuries in Great Britain and
Ireland without ever becoming any
thing more than a curiosity.-To-
rOat0 Globe.
One way for the farmer to
make the agricultural columns Of
permanent value to himself IS to
prepare a scrap-boOk into which
may be transferred those bits Of ex-
p~erience, statements Of fact, and
suggestive paragraphs which seem
to meet his own peculiar wants.
Chatham Courier.
Cows in milk may be made
greatly more profitable by feeding
wheat middlings freely; it will pay
to feed as high as four quarts of
corr meal and three of wheat mid
dlings to some cows producing but
ter-the butter is increased In
quantity and improved in quality
and color. The kind Of COW, how
ever, is important, as some will fat
ten upon this feed, while others will
only increase in milk and cream.
Good shelter for the stock IS
absolute economy; with warmth
there must be an ample supply Of
pure fresh air. The time may come
when we shall find coal cheaper
than the extra food needed to sus-
tain vital heat under extreme cold,
and use fre-heat for animals. At
present we must keep u stables
as warm and dry as we can: but
pure air. with severe cold and plen-
ty of food is preferable to warm,
impure stables, with food saved.
Joseph Harris, in the 4meri-
can 4griculturist, says: You can
dig and lay and partly cover under
drains in the winter just az well as
at any other season. There are on
" two requisites: First, You must
get ready before winter sets in: and,
second. o must attend TO the
work Yourself every day and almost
every boar. Iou cannot leave II
to thc ditchers thcmselyes-certaln-
IL not 10 ordinary farm men. The
first thing to be done is to stake out
the land where the bitches are TO
be cut. This is am important mat
ter. and a level viii be useful. But
if YOU set the stakes Immediately
after a heavy and long continued
rain you will not make anv serious
mistake.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10

Mr.. ". II. Merrill, in his farm
columns Of the Golden RUE, gives
epigramatIc expression to a good
many truths worth remembering,
as for instance: Nothing is much
more essential than regularity-es-
pecially in the care Of stock. The
man who wants his own meals on
the stroke Of the clock often varies
an hour or two IN feeding or water
ing his stock. Worry Is waste, IN
animals as much "a In men: and a
hungry OF disconnected COW Is pro-
ft-kiIler." And again: 1T ALWAYS
las a tendency TO sink their mercu-
" about ten degrees lower for a
man to go around growing AT the
weather. By giving his mind up
10 it." he can make himself and
everybody around him believe that
such bitter weather, and such dread
full storms. never were known be-
fore. But an extra pair Of mlttens,
or a livelier motion and a merry
whistle. VIII moderate things Won
derfullv." And once more: You
can save two pounds on the ribs
now, cheaper than you al put one
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10

Clinton county, Iowa during the
past year. have lost from 5000 TO
10000 hogs from cholera, the loss
in value reaching 1t leaS, $500. ol0
and many consider that ; low est
mate.
Considerable attention Is being
paid II Mexico TO the production
Of coffee. that industry having been
largely developed within the past
>ix years. About 5000, 600 pounds
are now annually expected from
Vera Cruz.
Farmers should use every means
for informing themselves in regard
TO public affairs. Agriculture Is
suffering from bad legislation and
public neglect because farmers have
not taken care - inform themselves
and eXert their proper influence III
ana on our law-making bodies.
An appropriation Of 5000 Will
be asked Of Congress Is the Com
missioner OF Agriculture TO pay the
expenses OF a commission to exam
Inc and report upon the subject OF
forestry. This is 10 form a basis
for legislation for the preservation
Of our timber, similar to the forest
~ laws Of Europe.
4 old Belgian proyerb says: NO
grass. no cattle; no cattle, no ma
nure: no manure. no crops. The
land needs food and rest. as we'll a
the horses and oxen used in tlllng
it. otherwise ii becomes worn out.
SO that ii would be difficult TO raise
even a crop of white beans upon IT.
1t should be alternately pasture and
pillow land; now III clover, then IN
wheat. and always kept up with
fertilizers, either from the barn
yard Of elsewhere.
The practical part of farming
in the winter is to make all the stock
comfortable, to keep it thriving; to
keep the wood-plle growing; to
split rails for fencing, and to repair
fences; TO clear land and pillow the
same: TO remove stumps stones and
logs from the tields-and to do a
hundred other similar things that
| can be done better now than at any
other time If such work is done
now, it Will not have to be done at
some future time when other work
is pressing.
After slaughtcring your beef,
let it hang, If convenient III some
cool place. twenty-four hours; it
should not freeze before being pack
ed. Then with your saw and knife
cut to suit your convenience, leay-
ing your axe IN the woodshed. To
100 pounds Of beef, use 10 pounds
Of fine salt, i ounces of saltpetre,
, pounds Of sugar, , ounces of black
pepper-to be put into hot water
enough to cover the meat. Let it
stand until lukewarm. Then pour
it on the meat; be sure to keep the
meat from rising up IN the barrel.
notwithstanding all that we
have from time to time printed on
the subject of Pruning outdoor
g~rape-vines, we are constantly re-
ceiving questions as to the best time
it ought to be ended to. We
know that different authorities Sc
lect different periods; but our own
experience is that it can be done
after the new wood IS matured and
the leaves fallen, up to the middle
Of February, as may be most con
v%enient, with equal After
being pruned the vines should be
cut loose from the trellis and let
sprawl upon the ground, and be al
lowed to remain there until after
the buds have started. THIS insures
10W 6~ranching, which some people
don't know how to produce. DER
muatoUn Ielegraph.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
10, 1878.
Che Iarm.
Potash as a Fertilizer.

Potassium, the basis Of potash
compounds, is indispensable to the
Growth OF all Il cultivated plants.
1t has al least Il specifi" office III
the nutrition Of the plant. that Of
aiding in the formation OF carbo-
hvdrates (starch.) Without a plen-
tiful supply of potash, IN available
forms full crops are impossible.
The German potash salts afford,
at present, the cheapest and most
available supply of potash for fer
tilIzers. They supply also more or
less of magnesia and sulphuric acid,
which are essential ingredients of
plant food, and sometimes deficient
in our soils, and Of sodium and
chlorine compounds, which latter,
though generally beneficial, may III
certain cases be harmful.
The higher grade will be, IN gen.
eral, most profitable for use IN this
country. because they furnish the
most potassium with the least ad-
mixture OF inferior materials on
which costs Of freight and handling
must be paid. The cholorides
muriates) with 50 to 81 per cent.
Of chloride OF potassium, CORES
ponding to 80 to % per cent. actu-
al potash, and the sulphates, with
70 to so per cent. OF sulphate Of
potash, or from 80 to A per cent.
actual potash, are to be especially
recommended.
For potatoes, sugar beets, or to-
bacco, the sulphates are preferable;
Jor other crops, or vet lands, the
cnlorides, which are cheaper, are
equally good.
Potash salts have proven especial
" useful for fodder crops, as grass
and rye; for leguminous crops, as
clover, beans, peas, and vetches,
and for corn, potatoes, roots, tobac-
co. and fruits.
Potash is most apt to be lacking
in light, sandy, and c~alcareus
Qime)soils, in those consisting large
" of vegetable matters, like peas,
muck beds; and moors, and IN those
where guanos, phosphates, bones,
ETC., which supply nitrogen, phos-
phoric acid, and lime, but little OF
no potash, do not bring as large
returns as formerly.
In order to secure uniform dltfu.
sion through the soil, the potash
salts should be applied as long as
possible before the crop is sown. II
Is well 10 mix with earth, or tC
compost, before applying, especially
if used shortly before sowing the
seed. otherwise they may lnjure the
crops. And, in general, potasl
salts are we'll adapted for compost
ing with muck, earth, stable ma
nure, phosphates, fish, and the
like.
The best results are generally OLD.
tanned by using potash salts alone.
but with other fertilizers, as super.
p~hosphates, guanos, and fish. Mix.
lures of these with potash salt form
complete tertllizers' < x )
The question of the need of pot
ash in gwen soil, AN be best deci-
ded by actual trial. 1t will be gen
orally advisable to test the question
by experiments on a small scale.
before making large purchases.
PROF. W. .. ATWATER.
-1mmeric0n IgricaHuTist.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10

pound on IN March. Bat don't
secUre warmth a the expense o.
good ar. Some farmers have Al
atmosphere Il their stables as bad
- that - a common school" And
hc adds that ground gypsum scat
tered on the moist floor - said 20
prevent the pungent odor. and .
little opening ~ the top wi! les the
foul ar out
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-01-10
Corn and the Price Of Pork.

The following table will indicate
the cost of making pork when corr
Is at different prices. This table Is
made upon the following calcula-
ton: | bushel of corn, weighing
80 lbs, Will produce 10 l-2 lbs. of
pork. Deduct ID of weight, TO
get net amount, and We have s 2-5
pounds of pork to the bushel Of
corn, or | pound of pork to 6 2-3
lbs. of corn.