The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1878-07-15
THE EASTERN PROBLEM.
The Session of the Congress
Ended.
The Treaty Completed and
Signed.
THE EASTERN PROBLEM.
A Summary of Its Provisions.

A Summary of Its Provisions.
BERLIN, July 13,h.-The Congress held its
last session today. Ali the plen potent aries
and other members were present 10 full dress
as at the opening. The proceedings COM
menced at half past two, aud ended at four
O'Clock. The treaty. was signed by all the
plenlpotenuarles alphabetically. The secre-
taries attended previously at one o CLOCK 10 the
afternoon to atfix plenipotentiary seals to each
copy After the signature. Andrassy warmly
eulogized Bismarck's presidency. Bismarck
tn mixed the plenipotentiaries for their indul-
gence.
The proceedings Terminated with grand
court dinner this evening at White Hall Palace.
Prince Frederick William congratulated the
Illustrations statesmen upon the realization of
ms hopes that the blessing of peace crowned
their efforts. He declared that Germany's
cooperation can be counted on for all that
tends to secure and preserve this great benefit.
he drank the health of the plenpOte ntiaries
and of the soverigns of the governments, who
lin.
The only absentees from the banquet were
Beaconsfeld and GortschakOff
The German Sem-Oficial Press published
long peans,. rejoicing and triumphiog 10 the
signature OF the treaty of peace.
LONDON, July bat yesterdays sitting of
the congress Bismarck moved that a supple
mentary congress be held next autumn, either
at ConstantinOple or Berlin. But Salisbury de-
clared his inability to sccede to any proposal
interfering with the immediate submission of
the papers to the English Parliament, and tie
motion was thrown out.
The Servians have posted strong detachments
on the Drina frontier to enforce neutrality on
Servia if, as apprehended, guerilla warfare is
commenced by the BOsnians and Herzego.
vinlans against the Austrian troops
AnaIicising Cyprus.
The English government is busy with the
details OF military and civil establishments in
Cyprus. The papers announce the appoint
ment OF postmaster for the island and other
officials for the administration of its govern
ment. General Wolsey has under considera-
tion scheme of a financial company for in
Producing railways.
Egypt Virtually in English Hands.
NEW YORK, July 13-A Cairo letter says the
whole of Egypt is in English hands, including
the navy, coast guard and everything else. The
hhediye might as well abdicase in favor of the
English protecvorats, as everything is now
done under under English dictation.
Synopsis of the Treaty.
BERLIN, July 13.-Ths Nord Deutsche Zsi-
tung today says: None of the diplomatists
who signed the treaty believe that the work
will last more than life time. The treaty of
Berlin contains ffty-seven articles The fol-
lowing is summary of the practical effect of
the whole treaty, and is more Ineligible than
recapitulation of the several articles seriatim
would BIS:
The Independence of Servia is recognized .but
the Seivian government is required to promise
absolute liberty OF religion to all its inhabitants
the continuation of existing treaties, and that
no transit dues be exacted upon merchandise
passing through It's territory. Servia retains
Niech hut
frontier of Servia is marked by the Kopavuik
defle. She receives Prot but not Vrapia
Montenegro receives Antivari with the har-
Dor, and an increase of territory on the north
and northeast; the exact limits of which ara to
be defined by commission, with the condition
that the south shore of Antvari is not to be IN
cluded in the grant to Montenegro, aad-that a
strip of land twenty miles wide is to be left be-
tween the eastern lire of Montenegro and the
western borderiof Servia, SO that the Austro-
Bosnian railway may reach Salonics on Turk
ish territory.
Roumania's independence. is proclaimed in
the same terms as those applied to Servia, and
the fact is insisted upon that this Independence
is awarded only on the condition that the
government shall secure to all its subjects
civil equality and religious freedom. This
provision extends also to Roumelia and
Bulgaria, and it is declared that the inhabi-
tants of all these countries shall epioy the
most complete civil and religious liberty with
out distinction of race or creed; that they shall
be free to use the external ceremonies and in
dications allowed in all countries ENJOYING
religious liberty, and that religion and race
shall be no obstacle to the exercise of civil ad-
ministratge or political functions. The in
dependence of the provinces is limited also in
another direction. Their legislature shall
make no change in the existing commercial
regulations without the consent of the powers.
The division of Bulgaria into two provinces
is provided for on the basis already generally
understood The northern province is to be
known as Bulgaria. the southern as Eastern
Roumelia; the line is that of the Balkan
Mountains, which is to be fortified and
garrisoned by the Turks; that portion of Sofia
which is formed by the basin eff the Iskra is to
go to Bulgaria. The line passing between
Zeptiman and Samakoff aud Varna on the
Black Sea, is also included in Bulgaria
The Porte is to garrison the whole frontier of
Eastern Roumelia, but it is expressly under
stood that the soldiery thus employed shall be
composed exclusively of regulars.
The election of the Prince of New Bulgaria
is to be conducted, not by universal suffrage,
but by duly chosen electors, and their choice
must be ratified By the great powers. No mem
Der of any of the reigning dynasties or great
powers OF Europe is to be eligible as candi-
date. joint commission appointed BY all the
powers IS TO arraoge for the provisional organic
atoms OF the new province If the Turkish or
Russian members of the commission shall disa.
gree with majority of their colleagues, new
conference shall be held in Constantipople.
which shall decide all points of difference.
The Governor of Eastern Rumelia is to be
appointed for fixed number of years Hels
to be assisted by Representative Assembly,
and the judges are to be appointed for life
The Russian troops are to evacuate Bulgaria,
and Eastera Roumelia within twelve mooths
from the 18th of July, 1875
The Governor OF Eastern Roumelia is to be a
christian appointed by the sultan In case of
war or rebellion, he is to have the right of cali
ing upon the Turkish regulars in the garrisons
upon the frontier. The interior military force
OF the province is to be com posed of local mi
litia, whose officers are to be appointed by the
Sultan from the predominant nationality of
the district
A commission is appointed to adiudicate the
proportion OF the Turkish debt which is to be
assumed by the territories now made indie
pendent
The navigation of the Danube is to be free to
commercial ships of all nations The forti6-
cations along its banks are to be dismantled,
but ships OF war are not to be permitted to
enter it.
Inc question of the rectiication of the
greek frontier is handed over to Turkey and
greece TOR settlement between themselves If
they cannot agree they may call upon the
great powers to act as arbitrator between
them.
Russia receives back that portion of Bessa-
rabia taken from her in 1856. EXTENDING from
the north to the Kila Valley. In return Ron
mania receives the Dobrudscha, but not Silis-
tra.
austria Is to occupy Bosnia and herzegovina
upon such terms as she can arrange with Tur-
key.
>. Russia is permitted to take Batoum, but the
district annexed to it is greatly circumsoribed,
and she engages to make it free mort and
never to fortity it. She retains Ksrs and Ar.
dahan.
Turkey retains Bayazid, with the whole
valley leading thereto, including Alashgerd
The Dardanelles are to remain closed to
ships ot-war, but the Sultan may invite auy of
the great powers to send to his asslstan ce, 10
case OF need, fleet of men-of-war Persia re-
ceiyes the province of Khotour
Bismarck's Closing Speech,
BERLIN, July 14.-Bismarck, in his speech
at the closing of the Congress Saturday, de-
clared that he did not hesitate to aft rm that
this Congress deserved well of Europe The
plenipote2tiaries would have the Consciousness
OF having as far as was possible restored and
assured peace. He entertained the firm
hope that the European understanding would
remain durable and thatthe cordial relations
established among the plenipotentiares would
consolidate the good relations between their