The New York herald., 1878-02-08
Church and State but likewise to lberasc Italy from
ner letters and 10 realize tho idea OF her unity.



Church and state bat likewise to bsrasc Italy IRON
ner letters and 10 realize tho idea Of her unity.
PKIEsT-KING.
These notions were spread rapidly throughout the
peninsula and tho effect produced was magical The
national Emperor OF Italy, whose advent had bcen
sIsSS O Rome 10 the Q. tho newly elected Pope Plus
TX. and his advent was hailed by the cry, "rhou art
the Priest King !" (the IRE Sacerdote"L
The Pope taken completely by surprise when
these exclanations reached hts ears. Al no period
had entertained the slightest inclination to become
entangled In political strife. However. hc seemed
fated 10 assume the role OF poli.iqDn; II had
forced him, and much against his wishes, ho had
to follow the track. little fitted ~ be was TO meet tho
occasion.
The people now centred all their hopes and all their
wishes IN him wnom they nad named the IRE Sacer-
dote." OF inc Holy Fathers namc Giovanni Maria
hassai Feretti, was coined an anagram. which was
exposed every pubic thoreugnare ana read tLus:-
"Grati n0hat; amnestiG ct fe'TdfG utd" IA welcome
nan,o; amnesty aud ranwaysl. Tho ltaiians hoped
derive great benefits IRON tho iniroduction oil rail-
ways; they asked the Pope 10 confer on them that
boom they asked everything else at his hands,
he being he deliverer OF their suierlugs
Thousands Of people Dssieged me Monte Cavallo I'M
medlately alter the PRONUNCIATION Of the amnesty.
The Holy Father had taken up his residence at tue
Qurinai; again and again had he 10 appear on the
balcoay and dispense Dressings the multitude. TIE
praises oil Pho Mono resounded from the Monte Ca
vallo TO the Corso
Tho population TOOK great prid0 IN asserting that
their Pope only the greatest but AT the snmo
time the most graceful and handsome man OF the age.
and MS carriage was drawn away In triumph ny an
enthusiastic crowd Ofeniimcs the transport OF de-
light went lar to induce the crowd 10 place the
Pope on Tho shoulders oil lew stalwart then
bring him home TO the Palace amid rejoicinss music
and singing.
memory OF the Holy Father have recurred 10 those
days whcn at later PERIOD crushed by tbe madness
Rome, and when ali Italy rose up against .papal
authority, Tue same crowd oil men who were most
en,hu siastic in their admiration turned suDsc
nua - IN ho
But the people had hoped 70 receive attne nands
oi the 'Ro saccrdote' was ABOUT 10 De roalized ny
oIher means Days oil happiness are sparingly meted
out to all mortas, and Pho Eono the father of the
Christian world, was not exempted from experiencing
their limit. The Holy Father had wished to render
hls people happy according 70 his own IDEAS 6u!
political CONSIDERATIONS AUD their consequences mad
formed part OF his calculations.
THE SANDMAN SHADOW.
Charles Albert, the King oi SARDINIA, favored tho
views Holy Father at whose ieet he enthusiasts
cay placed bsart, his sword his arm ana all the
powor he possessed In doing SO The Sardinian King
urged the Pope to join him in hight against Austria
Tho Austrian regime was hated because u opposed ITO.
eral instit numbered the accomplishment OF
Italian Independence.
These propositions were calculated to terriiy the
Holy Father, who probably tor the first time realized
the truth that bis endeavors TO promote the vel
people he had not chosen the proper means
whe.ewilhal accomplish the object he had IN view
A peremptory refusal was sent reply TO King
Charlos Albert aud this refusal was followed by at
tenpts to eoct change OF front ut the Vatican The
Holy Father seeing that he little fitted 10 grappe
with the intrcacies OF p0litlcs, seized with Tears
that democracy might lead MIN TOO lar; that indeed
II would engull him finally; hence he entered on
course Of vacillation and hesitation.
STAND Still
The population OF Rome did not feel INCLINED to
favor that course. On q former occasion Ahe Holy
Fathers name was pleasantly used as an hpagram;
tho people now turned u 10 another use Whenever
the Pope made his appearance on The balcony oil the
Qulrnal purpose o dispensing blessings TO the
IN multitude his name was drawied out slowly SO as 10
scuna :ss Yu carrea from The Io",S
Cavao to the city, and tn6 star was soon re-
ecnosd everywhere as standing byword
Tue "standstill," however, was only apparent.
commission had been appointed by order vi the Pom.
tin 10 prepare consttutlon ana, moreover, the Holy
Father mad spontaneously granted the creation OF
uatona guard and given his consent Tor the organ.
Ization Of military system Tor the people.
THE KKvoLulIoS COMING.
In the meantime, whiie the Roman Committee had
not completed tneIr lauors, constitution had been
promu gated The neighbcring states OF Tuscany aud
Piedmont. The King oil Naples. however, ODst natey
refused to follow tho example OF hts neignbors. A
revolution broke out IN the beginning OF lS48. and
spread with great violence over the Kingdom Of the
Two Sicies. The revolution which had hitherto
slutn buried ashes like The ire OF Mount
vesuvius now burst forth. throwing IRON lis crater
burning masses, which In Their onward way travelled
iron Naples 10 ino Eternal City.
"Down with the csrical governmentl' was now the
waichword at Rome Tho Quirinal was again be-
segcd by crowds vi people, who sont up ther shouts
balcony but these shouts were not gracious or
bcnevoIeut, but rather Of a threatening, scorniul
sulI inc Holy Father entertained hopes of being
able ciiate inatcrs. and with the view TO show
that no feared evil consequences he resumed hia
excursions in public, and again appeared among Inc
people on The Sors0.
Ciccrnacchio, tho favorite OF tac people Of
the leaders oi the democrats. accomponIed the Holy
Father. carry Ing immense nag, on which was writ
ten lirge letters Iake courage, Holy Father, tho
people are with you"
But whlo gazing ON the inscription tho Popo was
surrounded by riotous crowd, who continued 70
shout '.Down with the police !" Away with tue
Jesuits ~ 'tDenth 10 all the reaconsts ~ And heso
shouts were drowned by Others, who exclaimed
with threatening attitude. 'Mar with Austria -
''Down With the Jesuitsl' "war with Austrlal''
ssMa-stuiY"
Disheartensd by these hostile demonstrations the
Holy Father returned To the palace u OF sadness ana
meditation. ''War with Austria" was tnaL whlch
Charles Albert had demanded from him, and this
mand now re-ecnocd by ms own people grated PAIN
luliy on his oars.
A CONSTITUTION
But Plus TX. was under no presence man of the
sword and, had he been so, he would never have
ssntcd to unsheath the sword ana iit against Aus
tria. The Austrian dynasty was considered Dy tue
cardinals the best aud most faithful friend oi the
Pontincal throne.
While the Romans became more pressing in their
demands OF warning against Austra--a war which the
people deemed 10 be "holy" war--lne Pope grew
nrner in Mis- resolutions not TO listen TO tho PROPOSE
ton.
The newly appointed Minister, Count Rossi, used
his influence TO strengthen the Popes resolutions
THAT tesman entertained an opinion that the pco-
pio would be satisfied recoving liberal constllu-
ton and that In holding out promises that all their
demands IN that direction would be met on broad
basis the bloodthirsty ideas OF war would vanish.
Wh these counses 1t was hoped to restore peace
order. Furthermore, attempts were made TO create
federal State; this proposition, 1t was thought, would
meet the popular camor, winch favored Italian
unuy.
The Holy Father lent willing ear to the counsels
oil b,s Minister; but Piedmont, the State 10 which
the nrst advances were mado refused 10 act IN con-
ceil with tho Cabinet OF Rome Other Italian princes
looked with Suspicion OIL the proposals and their
course was cvasive.
Az last the Roman constitution was about to be
promulgated, and IN the month OF November, 184S,
the nrst nalonai Parliament was to assent bic In
Palazzo della Canceera, Count Ross beng dcsig-
mated open tho proceedings IL the name OF tue Holy
Father But wniio that statesman was about 70
the palace no was surrounded by iurioas, howin
crowd and one OF the moo rnsbed upon Count R0ssi
norlaily woundns MIN ny means OF dagger, NJ the
entrance tv the assembly
INsuRRkCTIoN IN ROME.
This event Was 10 dc aud TO tho MazZ nj
party the signal Tor insurrcction.
immense crowds Assofnulcd Immediately In the
principal thoro ughlarc OF tue Eternal CITY and
toward tho QulriDal, tncre 10 direct Their wrat IA
against tn. person oi tho Pope The people de
u democratic Ministry and the Immaculate c0nvvca-
tion OF constituent assembly lor all laiy. fhe do
manus went even iurtncr ana pressure broug ght
on tho Holy Father 10 proc'aim NJ once IN iavor