The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1878-04-17
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.

World would give the boys chance In tne
interests and occupations OF the farm, ana /
recommends in the article below, and very
properly, that the poultry yard should De
given them in charge as an amateur field for
business experience:
1t is one OF the most promising indications
of character when boy shows a disposition
to earn something. This desire to hold some
thing in fee-simple is the very op-
posite OF trampism. Among boys, the
endowment of owning, buying and
selling, is very keen, and IS often
gratIfsd in the getting of knives, old watches
and trinkets. and making exchanges Win
each other Who does not remember TOE
wonderful dIcker and trade OF his boyhood!
1t YVES only the beginning OF development,
or. rather. 3 self-educadOn. This matter
should not be permitted 10 go without some
guidance. Parents and guardians should
take an interest in it. not exercising med-
ding interference but inspiring commence
so as to be able TO co operate, plan ana "atch
the result.
Now comes a scheme that is just right.
How can We teach a boy business habits bet
ter than by giving him an opportunity to
run a hennery? The accounts must be
accurately kept; there must be buying and
selling; there must be bantering; there ought
to be profit. A miniature business springs
up, and inasmuch as it is real, why IS 1t not
as good as business college? 1t may be
better: for it may prevent spending time In
the streets, or away from home, perhaps
among questionable companions. A love OF
home is fostered by the ownership OF flow
ers small fruits and poultry. A fondness
for the finest things produced IN our
climate-to cultivate them, IL belonging
10 the vegetable kingdom; to breed.
foster, and pet them, if belonging to the
animals not only source OF keen enjoy
ment but indicates good traits and certain
elevation of character above that winch Is
british. Young people should be deity
guided, step by STEP through pleasant paths,
with here and there a little JOB OF earnest
work, made easy By social frollc and recrea-
ton. which come after in their proper place.
With little encouragement boys may De
come quite familiar with the points OF excel
lence IN high class poultry, pigeons and other
pets, and learn the best methods OF breedlnS
and management.
They NAV learn when and where to pur-
chase supplies to the best advantage, and
how to sell the surplus products so as TO give
the most profit with the least expense. A
pleasant self reliance and good business
habits may be growing, and at the same time
q love for nature, for refinement and hui
manlty.
FARM GARDENS -Many farmers mistakenly
suppose that the products of the garden are
Injuries which they can not afford to enjoy
or to supply to their families They do not
seem to be aware that fruits and vegetables
are more profitable in feeding their house
holds than ANYTHING else they can raise.
They save the purchase OF many things at
the grocer's They lessen the necessity OF
so heavy supply of costly meats. They
diminish the consumption of that expensive
material butter. With some the whole cat
alongue of garden vegetables consists OF pO-
tatoes and cabbsges. Sometimes they add
few turnips, and more rarely parsnips for
only few weeks, for, not taxing proper care
of them they soon wilt and dry, and
become of little value. They might well
have asparagus in early spring, spinach.
radishes, vegetable oysters, parsnipS,
beets of two or three sorts. early and late,
celery, caulihower, broccoli, Savoy as well
as drum-head cabbage summer and winter
squares, and many other vegetables, most OF
them as easy in growth as the few on the
limited catalogue which they now have.
They may add the small fruits with little
trouble and have two or three quartshOf de-
hcious strawberries on their table daily for
several weeks during the early part Of sum
mer followed by an equal supply of rasp-
berries afterward. Their meager crop OF
currants might be changed 10 abundance and
large size by care and cultivation. Grapes,
one of the most wholesome OF all fruits, may
be had through the entire months of au-
tumn and half of winter, enough for any
common family from a quarter acre vine
yard-Country Gentleman.
professional gardeners, who should know
best about such matters, say that the earlier
in the spring trees are planted the better
the chance of their living. The season has
opened so early this year that one can not
now be among the earliest to plant, but
there are yet some weeks in which planting
may be very successfully done. To many
persons the removal of a tree seems an
undertaking fraught with so much danger to
it that a regular gardener is called in to do
what could have been Just as well done by
themselves Those who have had the
most experience and the most success in
planting give two essential rules for success.
These are to see that the roots are kept con-
stantly moist while out OF the ground; and
secondly, to pound the soil firmly around
the roots when replanting. OF course care
must be AIKEN that all the roots possible be
lifted with the tree. In large nurseries
where the principles of planting are under
stood there are not dozen trees die of the
thousands planted every season. Besides
the keeping of the roots fresh and TIE pound
ing of the earth in around them little
pruning is nearly always desirable. A
branch here and there needs cutting off to
give shape to the tree, or in traDspianting
a few roots have been left behind, and
branches must come off to lessen the work
for the remaining ones. This point, the
diminishing the head to correspond with the
loss in roots, is very essential, many failures
lIOul ltS lOl Dclng uOue. II the rOOtS,
from any cause. have been nearly all lost, a
proportionate lessening of top should be
made. 1t must be understood, however,
that it is the small threadlike roots which
are the most important ones. If tree, when
lifted, has plenty of these, the loss Of some
of the thicker, woody ones is not of SO much
importance. In the pruning of transpanted
trees it is best to thin out the weaker shoots.
leaving the stronger ones remain. Trans
planted trees treated as here recon-
mended, can hardly fail TO grow. and
We repeat, plant them now as quick
ly as possible. Evergreens, which
are considered By many as being more Diff
cult 70 transplant than other trees can be
moved just as easily. The same rules apply
as TO decidu0us trees, even to the pruning.
These trees were once almost exempt from
pruning. from the belief that it was insult
able, but the practical man now knows that
evergreens can be made even more beauti-
full shapes than deciduous trees by the aid
OF the pruning shears. Eyergreens al
though better mt in pariv can IL needs he