The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1878-08-09

4 S1A kA0Nhi6O ACA @AttAA& - &&s
much work in one day as seven men could
do with the sickle. This marvellous
machine was the cradle With q sickle
one man, in ten hours, could cut b quarter
Of an acre. VITA kise new cradle one mar
could cut one and aalf sacres il q day,
to be raked, haurf md stacked By two men
1 The first mower patent was taken out IN
1888 by Hussey. The following year the
celebrated Mccormick took out another
patent, when nothing Of consequence was
done until 1845, when Mccormick built
100 machines at Cincinnati. In 1866 there
was an exhibition of reapers at the Worlds
Fair in Paris-one English, one French
and one American-McCormic The
in 70, the English in 66 and cCormick' 8
| in 90 minutes. The business of making
and inventing machines had grown so fast
| :hat in 1864 not less then one hundred and
eighty-seven establishments had been
started to manufacture reapers, turning out
one hundred thousand per annum. The
demand of the farmer, however, was f.
nally for machine that would bind as
we'll as reap. The farmer, for ten to fifteen
days during harvest, was a slave, at the
mercy Of set of men who made his neces-
sity their opportunity, who demanded and
obtained 80, So, and sometimes Sd day
for binding, including their board. They
began in the southern section of the wheat
producing states and moved northward
with the advance of the season. They de-
manded good fare and made themselves at
home in the farmers kitchens. The ex-
travagant wages demanded materially re-
duced the profits of the crop. The first
binder was used in 1874, but it is yet in
| it's infancy. The inventors have sent men
all over the country to make observations.
| The harvest season is very short. There
fore they sent men to Texas, where the
harvest commences early, and those men
followed northward with the harvest sea-
son, until it ends in Minnesota. And more
| than that, they have sent man to New
Zealand, where the harvest season occurs
| during our winter. Over 5000 patents
have been issued TO moving and reapiDg
machines, and about $50. .0oO, 600 of capital
is invested in their manufacture. The fol-
lowing very interesting statement is copied
verbatim from Mr.. Cofin's statement:
Mr.. Chairman and gentlemen, if you
could have taken little trip with me last
fall on the line of the Northern Pacific
Railroad, in the valley of the Red river of
the North, you would have seen twenty
self-binders one morning all starting to-
gether to reap field containing 1000 acres.
That entire crop, which amounted to 1884,
600 bushels of wheat, which loaded 500
freight cars, was not touched by ahaman
hand until it had passed into the thresher.
No binder, demanding his three or four
dollars . day. appeared upon that field.
And there, sir, in the valley of the Red
river of the North, and in Texas, and in
California, is the great future of the self
binder. No man can measure what its
capacities are-cutting its ten Or fifteen
acres day with boy driving two horses,
reducing the cost of the cultivation of
wheat to its lowest terms. The reaPers
and self binders have already exhibited
capacity to save S1oo,oO0,0o0 annually to
the country, giving US that credit on the
right side Of the ledger. 1t is this that in
ventors are doing to-day. 1t is not the
farmer who has given that 500, GOO, 600 tn
the country on the right side of the bal
ance sheet, but 1t is the inventor behind
the farmer.
HoRsEsHoEs AND STOCKINGS.
MIR. Coffin next treats of horseshoes. One
man by hand can make 40 shoes in day.
machine in Cleveland now in operation
manufactures 1000 shoes in day, with
the attendance of two men. By the census
of 1870 there were betweeR eight and nine
million horses IN this country. Elimina-
ting two million that, for various reasons,
are not shod, and calling the number six
million, the saving per annum would De-
if all were to use the machine made shoes,
$13, 600, ,000. The argument also treats OF
horseshoe nails made by machinery. An
interesting chapter is on the subject of
stockings. Uutii very recently all stock
ings were made by hand, The first ma
chimes invented did not complete the stock
sing-there was still q seam to sew at the
heel, toe, side or bottom OF the foot, bot
invention has conquered the last difficulty,
and now, in the little town of Rockford;
Illinois, may be seen twelve automatic ma
chimes at work, the invention Of modest
mechanic there. There are only 10 machines
in existence, and they are knitting . total
2of 4, 900 pairs aweek. The twelve machines
are tended by boy fifteen years old, who
is paid o. week--making the cost of the
knitting pair of stockings one-sixth of .
mill. A machine begins at the top and it
knits down, widening and narrowing,
changes the stitch as it goes On 70 the hesi,
where it shapes the heel and finishes ut the
end Of the toe with one thread, and then
goes to the next one, and so on TO anoth
err. Il knits fancy stockings, and saw
some being knit with three or four colors,
and it viii 90 and knit mile of stockings
If your yarn will hold ont, and no person
need touch it.
Some wonderful facts are given regarding
the manufacture of iron screws, rock drills,
baby rattles, ETC., all interesting, bnt have
not sufficient space to present them here.
A long chapter is devoted to the woolen in
dustry, the progress it has made and the
i'm provements in machinery. An expert
spinner on the old-fashioned spinning
wheel could spin twelve skeins in ten
hours, or about three miles Of thread. In
spinning the spinner walks twice over the
fioor to spin and wind up the thread, and
in in days work walks about six miles.
"A yonng girl, on the present spinning ma
chine, attends to six hundred and some
times eight hundred spindles, each Of
which spins five thousand yards ) day. or
the eight hundred spiDdles four million