Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1878-03-08

quality of milk differs so much in different
cows.
DR.. Hoskins thought the test tubes
were of service in the purpose for which
they were designed the trouble IS. people
want them to do more than they were IN
tended to do He said the highest scen-
tifc testimony is that there is no envelope to
the globue.
In regard 10 specks, Mr.. Skinner said
there were three kinds: the milk curd,
which comes by getting too high temper
ature, or by neglect; the dried cream.
which also comes by neglect and specks
in the water in which You wash the butter.
But these do not trouble you in the butter.
1t is not necessary that We should be
troubled at all by specks.
A farmer in the audience said he had
found that his milk kept sweet longer in
the large pans. and that there was no
trouble from soecks. as there was some
times with the small pans.
On motion of Dr. lloskins, seconded by
Mr. Tinkham, of Pomfret the thanks Of the
meeting were rendered to Mr.. skinner for
his valuable paper.
Thursday Afternoon.
The meeting was called to order by Hon.
E. D. Mason, president of the Vermont
Dairymen's Association, who introduced
Colonel Z. S. StowelI, of Cornwall, who
read paper upon
MENTAL GROWTH FOR FARMERS
Colonel Stowell said we must either ad-
vance in knowledge or recede. We are
growing old all the time, and if we improve
every waking moment We shall not be
liable to know too much. The better plan
is to learn one branch OF agriculture, learn
it thoroughly, and stick to it. The ten
dsncy of our farmers is to run into the
ground any branch which happened to pay
the preyions year This tends to the lower
ing of prices and destruction of profits. A
| few years ago small horse did some tall
trotting and everybody went into small
horses, till the State was full of horses that
had to be Sc Id, like suckers, by the string
Our stage lines have disappeared. There is
now no fl, / Cor the Morgan horse, but the
livery stable A larger stock is needed. and
will be as long as top wagons are driven,
The Morgan crossed by the Hsmbletonian.
| giving horse of 10 OF l6 hands high, is the
kind most needed and is good wherever you
pu. him.
The demand for combing woods made
coarse -woolod sheep sought for and every
one went into them but to day the fine
woods are most profitable. Four or five
years ago mutton lambs paid. They brought
30 cents pound now they bring cents.
The business was overdone. Breeding mis-
takes are cured slowly. and it will take time
to make the pure Merino stock abund
ant But it ia az true new as it was 1900
years ago, when ram was sold for S 900
IN old Rome. that where walks the
Merino sheep. the land turns to gold.
Fine wool sheep will always be valuable as
long as infants are born naked and seasons
are ccli. The tariff of 1867 saved the wool
trade of this country, and California and Col
orado became the great sheep-growing Sec
ton of our country. The competition from
that quarter wo1d be severe for the East,
but for the drought, which has greatly
lessened the California Aocks. The Centen-
NAL Exhibition at Philadelphia gave u great
impetus to the sale of Merino woods. The
beauty, elasticity and strength of the Anne
rican fabrics there exhibited surprised
the world. There were seen American
blankets fit for royal couches; tanhelS
and shawls. choice and cheap. beyond
foreign competition; fancy cassimeres
and woollen coatings, rivalled only, if at
all, by the factories of Sedan. For such |
goods manufacturers need the superior
strength and fiueness Of the pure Merino |
wocls Col Stowell protested against the |
efforts to promu gate, in this country, Brit |
ish free-:rade doctrines. The repeal of the |
duty in that country on silk ruined the in
dustry there: and the cry for protection is
already heard from the silk-makers of that |
country. 1t is not the policy for US. How
much better Tor US to encourage our home |
manufactures and furnish iull-grown arti
FANS to eat up our beef. than to export sides
of it to Engl land for consumption We
must foster our manufactures. and can do it
in no other way than by protective tariff.
Whenever we have departed from this poll
icy We have uniformly suffered; and so it
will always prove Spain is an example of
a nation reduced to want and wret ,hedness
by an unwse policy. He had heard that
nearly all our colleges were furnished with
iree-trade text books. Who pays Tor this?
Is it English gold? There is cause for
alarm in the increasing tendency toward
free-trade, and be exhorted al to do what
they could to stop it. 1t is not always the
Understanding farmer that is the most
thrifty. 1t is the intelligent and reading
farmer who succeeds best. The pl)dding
farmer finds the life hard, and gives his
children distaste for the occupation.
The Presiden: then introduced Mr.. Fas-
sett, one of the Board of Agriculture. who
read paper on The Needs of the Dairy"
c. 8. FAssETT's PAPER.
Mr.. Fassett inquired why, with the
abundant harvests of the past two years,
are not our farmers more prosperous. They
suffer, in part, from the reaction from the
inflated prices of former years. Our East
ern daries have sharp competition from
California and oleomargarine reduces the
price of butter Mr. Fassett described the
manufacture of oleomargarine, and exhibit
ed some of it. He declared it to made by
a neat process to be wholesome article
and to be better than the average of cook
ing butter Shall We then be Discouraged
No. Farming can be made good business.
To accom- lsh this, the first requisite is an
honest bottom to business dollar worth
100 cents Applause There should be a
faIrer valuation OF property. Our farms now
cost too much. Then there must be a
thorough knowledge of the business.
The rudiments of agricultural knowledge
should be taught in our common
schools Our farmers must learn how to
double the products of the farm and dairy.
We find men here and there who are doing
this He knew farmer who took iArm
that would barely keep ten cows. Ii now
keeps 81, and rays handsome profit. Mr..
+. 5. Wood, OF Pomiret, las. year, made
3 500 lbs of butter from 10 cows, bringing
him an income Of SOB per COW. 1t don {
do for the dairymen to use dog fence or to
do dog driving Of his cows. Ii pays to iced
food and the better the COW
Inc more good food she will use. Tho patent
pals and pans save labor but are not essen
tial to good butter. The Jersey cows are
good but need selecting with care. Ii as
much care had been taken with our native
stock as with the Jerseys, as good results
mi q hit have been secured from them. Tho
cow of Mr. Scott, of Craitsbury, which gave
% lbs of milk day and made 6I3 lbs. OF
butter in a year, was not u blooded COW.
W Q should raise the best horses and COWS
and make the best butter and cheese; We
should have broader views; should educate
our children; should reduce expenses, and
with care and industry We can safely leave
The results with God. ,
Miss Anna Stowe!l here recltcd Trow- {
bridges Evening at the Farm"
Mr.. q. NJ. Tinkham, OF Pomiret, exhibit !
ID his method Of packing butter, lie buys i.
his sprucs boxes, hcliing five pounds each, |
1f Pope II Watson, OF Burlington, for Sc a t
hundred. They also furnish the tasteless 4,
paper with which thew are lined. ,