davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1878-08-02

The assessment of Mont
gomery County sub
ject to County Tax for
the year 1878 is S.
3s4, 6s9xsst cents,
County Tax.........$73, 1914 SO
The amount subject to
State Tax is 1884,
743x1sa cents State
Tax................ ,9l5 IA
Sss, 90 o.
LIST Dist. pays County
Tax. .SlZ, Ool 20
lst Dist. pays State
Tax...................S 2, sos 95
Sl4,573 20
I'd Dist. pays County
Tax ......"....."-...Ss,4 63 81
I'd Dist. pays State
slO,o rs
3rd Dict. pays County
Tax............. ......l1, ll5 90
Bird Dist. pays State
Tax .....".".".....".S ), Big "
S2o,64e 10
4,h Dist. pays County
Tax. ...........~lS, zol W
4th Dist. pays State
Tax 1896 10
s2s,2l7 II
9th Dist. pays County
Tax-..-..."......$l1,O OCT 50
9Th Dist. pays State
Tax .......-...........S 3,37I 80
2O,445 So
Sss, slO 90 -
$500 OF
Amount Of County Ex-
penees................. .SIZ,Z44 oO
Amount OF State Tax. .$l4,9l5 Ia
- ser. i5s ca
Surplus in hands Of Collectors......S !, $50 Ss
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
Alligator Charmed by a snake.

A Florida paper says: At the plantation
Of Mr.. Turner, near Lake City, Fla,
a most singular scene occurred, the
charming of thirteen-foot alligator by
a rattlesnake The snake first saw the
alligator, and with his rattles attracted
the latter's attention. Then began the
charming process, which lasted fully
half an hour. The alligator at first
turned his head once or twice, but was
Immediately called 10 order by the rat
ties of the snake. Toward the end Of
the half hour, with fixed eyes, the alli-
gator moved slowly toward his terrible
enemy until within striking distance,
when the snake curled himself more
compactly, and with all the strength he
could muster struck the alligator. For
a moment the alligator shook tremulous-
y,and then as If by magic, made a semi
circling backward movement peculiar
to the species, and brought his tail down
upon the snake with fatal effect. Our
informant then dispatched the alligator
and found that he had missed his mark
The snake measured six feet, and had
nine rattles and one button.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
Interest

In the above table cents are omitted,
except that any amount over 90 cents
is counted as one dollar. Except that
the amount of interest bearing notes
each year is stated separately, the above
figures are within a very few cents as
given in the official statement
The Greenbacker in pursuit of infor-
nation will perceive that the largest
volume of paper outstanding at the
end Of any fiscal year was $685.. .3l8. $50
on the 18th Of June, 1865, and that
S23G, 09i, 100 OF the total consisted of
> anu per cent. notes. Deducting
these notes from the total, we have
S7i7 223, S96 as the total effective cir
culatlon at that date, or about S3i, ,000,-
900 less than the total effective circula-
,ien tho 0Oth uf June. 1874. The
Greenbacker will also perceive that the
effective circulation at the date last
named was about S9O. 700, 600 greater
than on the Both of June. 1869 He
will still further perceive that the ef-
iective circulation was only about 50, -
10000 less on the Both nit. than il
was on the 30th OF June. 1869, while
It's gold value was Sl74, il5, ,3il more
Perceiying these things the Greenback-
cr will perceive that the assertions Of
sam Cary and others that the volume
Of the currency was eighteen hundred
or two thousand millions in 1865. and
that 1t has been enormously contracted
since then, are most egregiously false.
IL will be observed that when the
total amount Of paper was greatest,
the amount Of interest bearing paper
was also greatest. Deducting this
class of paper from the totals at each
date We find that the volume of effec-
tive circulation has not varied so much
since 1863 as would appear from the
totals alone. Making the deductions
and stating the remainders in round
numbers, we find that the effective cir
culation on the Both Of June in each
year was about as follows:
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

From this il will be seen that the ef-
fective circulation reached Its maxi
mum in 1874, and not in 1865, as the
living apostles OF Greenbackism assert.
There is about 500, 900, 900 less OF such
circulation now outstanding than there
was on the 30th of June, 1874, but up
on examining the official statements
we learn that over so. 600, 900 Of the
apparent contraction was caused by the
substitution Of silver for fractional
notes, which was not contraction at all,
and nearly S27. 500. 900 more of il re-
suited from the voluntary retirement
OF notes by the National banks, for
which neither the administration nor
Congress was responsible.
stapDurinG soae.-.Tnore 10 the official
and 1861, the paper circulation consist
/ ed Of state bank notes exclusively, and
/ that this kind of circulation reached
/ its maximum, S23S, ,677 ,2lS, in 1863
\ Government paper first appears in the
/ statement for 1862, when the amount
/ OF demand notes was S53. 0I0, 900, and
Of greenbacks S96, 620. 600. The de-
mand notes fell TO 1881, ,020 the year
following, and 10 about quarters
of n million in 1864 National bank
notes first appear in the statement for
1864. when the amount was S31 ,235, ,270.
These notes rapidly expanded TO $685.
625,379 in 1867, or nearly to the legal
limit, and the state bank notes fell
from their maximum Of S23S, ,677, 21S
TO 81, Asa, ,ll2 during the same time. -
The greeubacks reached their maxi
mum, Si32, 6S7, ,966, in 1865. all above
300. OO0, 600 having been issued "tem-
porarily," "for the redemption Of tenn
porary loan, under the act Of June
80. 1864. Fractional currency first ap-
pears i'm the statement for 1863, when
the amount was gao. 192, 456. The larg.
est amount outstanding ut the end Of
any fiscal year was Si5, SSl, ,295 in 1874.
This amount has since been reduced to
GIG. G.547, 76s; but not less than $40, ,000,- :
600 in subsidiary coin has taken the
place Gf the SOS, 400, 900 OF fractionals
redeemed The demand notes have
been presented for redemption very
slowly since 1872 The amount out
standing then was SSS. 296, while il is
now S62 297-a reduction Of only about
SOS, 900 in six years.
ON the 3Oth Of June, 1861. l 900
. prcenhack dollars were worth only 1881
, In gold. A year later 900 greenback
dollars would fetch S7O8 dollars in
. cold. and at the end Of the last fiscal
, year they would fetch 1924 in gold. II
. the Sam Caryites had their way they
, would soon put the groenback where il
! vas in 1864, s.ld eventually make il ut
. tcrly worthless; and that is exactly
what many OF them want to do,
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
ur. schurz's Secretary.

In Secretary Schurz's private room
in the Patent Office building, writing
quietly at table, the visitor will see "A
graceful, pretty young lady. This is
Miss Anna Il. Irish, the secretary who
answers Mr.. Schurz's French, German,
Italian aud other letters in foreign
tongues. She is Nebraska girl, with
elegant manners and musical voice,
and gentle ladylike ways. which are
wholly winning. At an age when most
Young ladies, particularly in Washing
ton, sleep nearly all day with their
hair in curl-papers and spend the night
dancing or travelling fromone recep-
tion to another, Miss Irish quietly
turns her back on the world and stud
les. As "a linguist, she is probably not
eXcelled by any one Of her own age in
TINS country, ha.ias hu0-lo,lso 81
ancient language as we'll as modern.
Besides her linguistic studies she is al
so learning photography. She is not
more then twenty-One years old, yet
this graceful. gifted American girl had
the engagement Of trauslating all of
Auerbach himself in Germany while
hey father was Consul there, aud pleas
cd him infinitely, as. indeed, she does
everybody. The German noyelist's
latest work is "Landolin," and Miss
lrish's translation of it gratified him so
much that he wrote her letter warm
ly expressing his pleasure Undoubtcd-
" the young lady has n fine career be-
fore her. She does her studying even
ings, after she has spent her eight
hours in the department.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

various companies 10 render their
bridges safe, and the transportation OF
passengers and freight free from the
liability 10 ca.amaties which have hap
pened in other states through the fail
ure Of railroad bridges.
FENCING.
81 have found myself" says the
commissioner, embarrassed in the en-
forcement of the law in regard by the
fact that the roads where the greatest
neglect 10 fence exists are in the hands
of receivers. The penalty in the stat
ute is only in force against a railroad
company or corporation owning or op-
Grating such railway, and is not appli-
cable To receivers or lessees, unless
such lessees are body corporate. III
receivers are permitted to operate rail
roads in this state, know Of no good
reason why they should not be person.
ally liable TO the same penalties which
corporation exercising the same pow
ers il subject 90 il. A company too
poor To fence road is too poor to
operate IL. IL a road cannot earn
enough in reasonable time TO fence
its right Of way, it ought in justice to
the community and the travelling pub
lie To cease operations until IL shall
comply with the statute. IL power
were given the commissioner 10 compel
companies To fence their roads or cease
to operate them, think there would
he no further difficulty, aud that the
roads would be speedily fenced.
STATE LEGISLATION.
IL was deemed wise by our legisla-
ture in the organization Of this Office TO
inaugurate a system that should fur
nish information To the people at large
and the law makers in particular, rela-
tive to the condition of the railroads,
before attempting changes in the laws
regulating rates OF traffic. About the
time Michigan adopted its present sys-
tenn other states entered on the legisla-
tive control ofsrates. This was nota-
bly, so in Illinois, Wisconsin, aud
Iowa. II was a blind effort on the part
OF legislation to pander to n popular
demand without requisite information;
and while the laws thus enacted were
pronounced constitutional by the high
est judicial tribunal in the land, their
wisdom was never affirmed. Our state
has adhered to the doctrine of legisla-
tive control of railroads, and has en-
deayored TO exercise that control for
the promotion OF the interests of both
carrier and shipper, and the result has
been that at no time has public clamor
been raised against railroad corpora
tions.
In closing his report, the commits.
Al n. r
the several railroads for the prompt re-
turns made TO the department; for
their courtesy and aid in the inspec-
ton Of their lines of road; and the
promptness with which they have re-
sponded TO his suggestions in regard
TO improvements.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
Novel Puuishmcnt.

A few days ago three boys. aged respec-
lively Is, 16, II, slipped into the house
of Mr. Sterling Jenkins, who lives on
the Talbotton road. aud stole a watch
fHfrhaWe, plher -yeluables. Mr.. Jenk-
ilton. He recovered lis property, but
did not desire 10 put the rascals in jail.
80 he told them if they would whip each
other he would not prosecute them.
This they ageed to do. They were tax.
en- out. stripped 10 the waist, and provi'
ded with stout hickory switches. On,
was tied 20 a tree, and the others laid
ON his back Justify with switches unit
Mr.. jenkins expressed himself salts
fed. The ceremony was gone through
with each one. They were then dis
persed with smarting backs and poni
tent hearts.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
IMPORTANT STATISTICS.
Recommended for the Digestion Of
Greeoback Orafors-The Treasury
Currency Statement.

From the Chicago Times.
Greenback clubs are hereby advised
to send To Washington for copies of
the official currency statement, prepar-
ed at the treasury department on the
18th inst. The statement shows the
whole amount Of paper circulation. in-
cluding state, national bank, aud Unit
ed States notes Of different kinds out
standing at the close Of each fiscal
year from 1869 to 1873, both inclusive.
IL also shows the whole amount Of the
different kinds Of government notes
authorized, the whole amount issued,
the W. of the paper dollar In coin
July On each year, and the total value
of the paper currency at the close of
each year. From the statement il APP
pears that the total amount of United
States notes authorized and issued
since 1860 is as follows:
Description. Authorized. Issued.
Demand notes..-..s Go,00o,0oo Gg,Ooo,Oo0
1reen6aeks -. 45o,oOo,oOO 44I,9Oe,9os
nOles Of 1853, 4OO,OOOOOO gii, 100000
Fractional currency SS,cOoOoo $40 az Iea 'sso sso
Totals. ,9SO,gl,OOO si,os29Os, sos
The one and two-year notes bore in
terest at the rate of per cent, and
the compounds at the rate of per
cent. per annum. Ii will be observed
that of the total issues treated as cur
repcy in the statement, S477, ,595, ,440
consisted of these Understanding
notes, which never served as currency
except to a very limited extent, and
could not so serve for the same reason
that per cent. bonds cannot now
They were held for the interest and
kept ont of circulation, Just as inter-
est-bearing bonds Low are. The fact
that they were declared legal tender
did not make them currency, any more
than it made the 7-30 bonds legal ten
der.
The treasury statement would be
somewhat more valuable IL il separat-
ed the interest bearing notes from the
currency proper. The following table
Of totals in which this separation is
made, showing the total paper out
standing at the close of each year and
its gold value, will be found useful:
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

Another strange and horrible tale of
the sea comes from San Francisco.
The schooner Parallel, which arrived at
the latter point on Monday last, reports
that on the 9TH Of the present month
she fell i'm with n Japanese junk drift
ing idly about as though no one
was at the helm. On boarding her
this was found TO be not only the case
hut il was furthermore ascertained that
there was not living soul on board,
not even the ancient mariner with his
albatross necktie. There were several
corpscs scattered about, and lying IN
pairs rs they were handcufied and
shackied together, some of them being
dressed in very costly material Not a
scrap Of food was found ON board nor Q
drop of water. and the dead men had
the appearance Of not having been liv'
ing men for a month at least.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

BARNEY. rHR STRKFR Barney Don
ahuo. the leader of the Erie Railway
strikes last July, has been elected del
cqate 30 the Grecnhaok State Conven-
ton from Binghampton, y. Y. The
Republican saws Barney has been max
ing his headquarters IN that city for the
pasi three on four months The oreen-
back party Is not mnde mp of commun-
lists and strikers. y nol--[N. \. tx.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
KEARNEY.
The California Agitator i'm
Boston.
ne EuIogizes Hen. Butler and De-
nounccs Capital and Newspapers.

BosroS, August 5.-Dennis Kearney
was formally received Mt Fanieul Hal
this evening by one ofthe largest gath
ering ever held within and around its
walls. Not one-fouith of the crowd
could gain entrance, and during the
proceedings an overflow meeting OF i'm
mense proportions was in progress in
the square. The crowd was noisy, en-
thusiastic aud reckless. but good ma
tured. Within the hall the heat was
intense, aud, following ,he example Of
Kearney, the majority q the audience
we're soon in their shirt sleeves. L G.
Brahpy called the meeting 10 order
aud T.. NJ Chamberlain presided and
made a speech. He said that the Office
OF Governor was within the grasp OF
the Iaboring men. Some one called
out. Butler when three cheers were
given with great enthusiasm. The
speaker. pleased at the demonstration,
requested the audience to shout again,
aud at the name OF Butler still louder
applause ensued. Dennis Kearney was
then presented and was received with
uproarious cheers.
KEARNEY's SPEECH.
Mn. CHAIRMAS-[ Three cheers and n
tiger for Dennis Kearney MIR. Chair
man and fellow-workingmen and wo-
men Of Boston: On behalf OF the
workingmen OF the Pacific Coast !
thank you for this grand, enthusiastic
reception. In order 10 beat responsive
10 the popular will and expression that
went mp from this meeting tonight
when n certain mans name was men.
toned, feel like bringing a message
OF greeting aud love % man who is
lesser than Macbeth, yet greater--tC
that fiery and incompatible Rupert oI
debate, voice, Good boyi'l TO thai
chivalrous aud white-plumed Navarro
Of the rostrum, the gallant, gifted
glorious Butlerl fGreat applause ans
cries Of "Say Il againi' We bid hin
take heart aud hope lie will receiv,
the reward from the workingmen o
Massachusetts, he so Justly merits fo
his bold aud outspoken sctiou in be
half Of down troddeu humanity. Ap
plause.
With the remark. "It's getting hot
Me- Chairman" kearney at this poin
took of his coat and loOsened his era
vat amid loud cheers aud laughter. -
Continuing. he said:
am sorry, friends, we are not rio
enough 10 be able 10 hire Beecher :
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
An Enthusiastic Friend Of Sanford's
Radical Huro
EciiAlToN, grant & BowEN's FrEx Axp)
MAhfNE lNGUUANCE AoENCY
sl3 lln0 street, 81. Louis, Mo-. Tcb. / 1871

EcliA1ToN, grant 4 DowEN's FIRE. Axpl
MAHiNE lNnURAHCK AoKNCY,
'9lino street, 81 Louis, Mo-, Feb. !. fssI.b
a., a. MEtuEn. Washington Av., City, Dear
EellicTi have Tor somo years been troubled with
CatArTh, and for The pasttwo years have suffered
seriously with %. Noticlng your advcrtls mrnt OF
tANF ohp's REMEDY fiipIckL CURE), | decided 20
tfylt lhaye used onlytWo bottles, and as a result
Ilet! 80 nuch relieved that presume on our per-
tonn relations and write this to you and ask that
yoltake some mcasurcs % gctit more prominently
bciofethc public, that Others may have such relief
ss have, hayo recommended 10 10 quite mum.
Der 81 my friends, an Cf whom have expressed to
with them.
a. really think it particularly adapted u wants OF
~. Louis people and they all ought 60 know of f.
ahd lhosc Nlo need t should try1t. viii risk the
Insertion that NQ9 oz. Walls tas "A sample) to bq
given away VIII sCll as many bottles.
. Try some plan. Let the pcorlo have 10 they need
". i believe couLl sCll 5Io bottles myself OF
course Yen could largely Increase this number.
WY NOT try ltY NouTstT truly, VA. BOWEN.
Sold by al Wholesale and Retail Druggists and
Dealers IN Medicine thIonghogtl The United states
and 1nnados. WEEKS 4 POTTER, General Agents
and Wholesale Drucgists, Boston. Mas
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

DETROIT HILLsDALE a. SOUTH
WESTERN R.R.
Trains viii leave the stations named, as follows
from aud after May 18th, lsIs
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

- Michigan ACCOMMODATION, going West,
Connects with Kalamazoo aud Grand RAPIDS
Train az White Pigeon.
sr- Mail and Night Express trains going east,
connect wi;h Trains for Detroit, at Adrian.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
CONSUMPTION
Positively Cured

All sufferers from this disease that are anN-
inu- 90 he cured should try Dr. hIs-SEE's CELE-
HHk kTFf toNstMrIIYE l'oHpEE-. These Powders
tr" the ou.y preparation known that viii cure
consumption AMI al diseases - me Throat and
LuUC--.iudced, sn strong is our faith in them,
AMI also 90 convince YOU that they are no hum
bug, He Will forward t1 every sufferer. by mail
post paid. free Trial Box.
We don't want Yugr MONEY until Won are per-
fCrtly satisfied of their curative powers II y0ur
'Ife Is worth saving dul't delay in giving these
Powders trI8.. ds tFty viii surely cure you.
Price. frr large box. 500. sent 20 auy part Of
The United state. ur Canada by mail uu receipt
u price. Address,
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

Trains are run ~ Chicago time, which ~ 20
minutes slower than Detroit and Cleveland time.
All trains run dailv, except sundays.
CONVICTIONS Close connections made az p
SLANT. with VI. G. x. X. Tor an points east AMI
west At Manchester with Jackson Branch of
/ s. NJ = n. n. Al Hulslalr; with l.. :. ".
= r. X. At Bankers. with r.. W -. :. X. r.,
o points north aud south.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

The sixth annual report from the Of
fee OF the commissioner OF railroads,
and the second annual report Of Com
missioner w. II. Williams, Is Just going
through the press. IL will make a vol
ume OF about $50 pages. IL contains
the report of each company doing bust
ness in the state "a well as Of those hav-
ing projected lines Of road. The items
contained in each report are fully tabu-
lated, and with the comparisons with
previous years, make 81 double-page
tables. The following is an abstract OF
the commissioners congratulations from
the result Of his compilations:
There are 80 railroad corporations do
/ ing business in the state, three having
been added during the year, namely,
/ the Chicago 4 Northeastern, Lake
George & Muskegon River, and Toledo
a South Haven.
CAPITAL STOCK, DEBT, AND cosE
The paid-up capital represented ir
our roads amounts to Sl45, ,527 .662, oi
/ S3S,37l per mile. The funded deb
amounts to Sl49, ,972, ,l2f, and the un
funded debt 10 Sl7, ,299, 20S; on aggre
gate debt Of Sl67, al, ,422, or so, ,6lt
per mile. The combined stock anC
debt aggregate S3l2, 799. .OS3, an increas'
from the previous year of So, ,2l9, 73l fo
these combined accounts The tota
cost Of the corporate property amount
to e292. 696. sjG. or So. .062 per mile q
read. which is 81, ,9i9 less than the com
hined stock and debt per mile.
THE rARNrvGs
for The year amounted 10 $50. Gas, ,93O
which IA 2s37, 900 less than the earning
for 1876. The above crossings for lsI
are s9. .6l2. i3l less than the gross earn
iugs for 1873. when they reached thcl
highest point The earnings per nail
Of road operated for tho last five yeai
} were for 1873, Ss,6lS.6s; for 1874, s.
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13

Particular attention has been paid to
,hese STRUCTURES. and since entering on
the duties Of this Office they have becn
\ cause OF constant anxiety 70 the COM
missioner, Much is being done by the
The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1878-08-13
THE GENERAL CONDITION

~ Michigan railroads was never better
than to-day for the safe conduct OF
business. The change since first en-
terine on the duties Of this Office being
very marked, the commissioner pariic-
nlarizes the greatly improved condi-
ton Of the following roads: Detroit q
Nlilwaukee. Grand River Valley. Mich
igan Air-Lina, Detroit. Lansing a
Northern. Chicago a Michigan Lake
shore. aud Grand Rapids & Indiana.
Onr several roads put l,ll6, i95 new
ties into their tracks in this state dur
ing the year.