The New York herald., 1878-11-04
OUR NORTHERN NEIGHBORS.

OUR NORTHERN NEIGHBORS.
SHALL WE HAVE COMMERCIAL TREATY wITH
CANADA?
To THE EDITOR OF THa HERALD:-
The articles that have lately appeared the SUD-
ec oi the trade between the United States
and Canada in your Journal ana the London Times,
and the result OF the late elections the Dominlon
have excited very general interest In tho several
countries concerned. We have, In tho OF The
so-called Reciprocity Treaty, negotiated by Lord
Egiu, then Governor General OF Canada, with our
govern ncnt, given quasi-recogniiion to Canadian
commercial iudependehce SIhco the expiration OF
that treaty tho government has made stl iur
CONCESSIONS 10 her great American coionies-or
provinces, perhaps IS more appropriate designation,
both regards commercial aud political indepen-
deucc Tho and Other leading journals o Great
Britain iuily conccdc the right of the Domlniop
not only to determine what snail DC the exact COM
merciai reations betwsen the Canadian c0niederacy
anu United States aud otner countrus, but also
the more important right OF Withdrawing IRON and
terminating all political ties belween the parent State
aud the all but independent 'DominIou.' Amef-
lean statesmen Will Low rucesniZe tho desirabily oil
treating me people ot Canada their own masters
respect ~ all their industrial and commerciM pur-
suits and relations.
ORIGIN or THE PROJECT.
With the view 0l presenting the subject OF we'll
consueI Cd c0mmcrcial treaty between this Country
aud Canada propose state III this som
tween tho Two II IL probable thai there arc
not many Statesmen OF tns prescnt day Ia Influential
POSITIONS wLo are familiar with tho circumstances
ABOUT 10 review, aud wnicu lie at the ioundatiOn
vi the question presents itssi Prior 10 me
passage o sir Kouvrt Peers Irco trade measures III
le46 Canada ivr many years, ooth prior and
subsequent to the act union VI Up
per aud Lower Canada, mac enjoyed Important
commercial advantages Tor her products OF gram
lumber IN the markets OF Great Britain. These
ad vautagss ere even extended ~ tue gram OF Ihs
Western statss wncn traas ported IN Canadian YES
ais Il
und shipped In BRITISH bottoms. The Canadian
authorities mad constructed costly canals, usdsr a
system oi direntai uuiiss III lavor oil Canadian ana
Western proauots sent by this route. Undor inns
fostering and patsruai system very important trade
som grew up, threatening to rival our own, which
PRIOR lS4o was SUBJECT Ia respect ~ our grain prou
ucls, 10 u siidius scale of aules, wnicn often
When Pesl's Di unaegoing discussion, backed by
The Free Trade League. directed and sngi-
tno Canadians became alarmed about tLsr
vested inLcr0sts In the grain AM lumber trade,
and thotr Parliament uuanimously voted an addI ess
70 the Queen anu Parliament o. Great Britain, setting
out that they had expended some niteen vr
twenty oi dollars to construct Canals 10 ac.
conmoGa.c ana build up trade iu tbe 81. Lawrence,
ANA that tAo ppsning VI The home Markes, Tree Of
du.y TO all tho %ord. the only products had TO
send 10 transatlAarc couutres would have most dis
AsIrous elect the Interests oi the Norm American
provinces. Tnsir stofy was we'll anu cogeutiy told,
si0Lers were sent over 10 present. tue PEE
LiIioIs and uack them up with such oiher u
US they could use IL personal Interview wtn tho
British siiuisler These gentlemen IL s said, even
hintcd at The possibility oI cry Dong raisod Tor
nexAton, nless Canadian interests wero regarded
BIT VI BLUsrkk.
Finding SIR Robsrt Peel IldsAuie his purpose TO
pass his Dii without rogard 10 their inserssE, the
next move on The part oi me Canadians was 10 xet
W. pciions ali over lIe country by county councils,
praying have clause assorted in the Brush bii to
make tno admisslon Of the produce vi ,hc Unitcd
States Tree trade basis subject 10 the admission
CANADIAN produce The American markets ON the
same terms fhs application ikewise liisJ, end the
England, Aud year Or two Ia.er they began TO
talk openly about the advantages vi aunexution.
bill Canada Was 70 De sieit
Out the coid" clamvr was raised by low manu-
1acturyrs ior .p osctIon to donesic industry, aud
Tor a time received good uoal OF attention. fno
writer beng then resIusnt OF Western Canada, and
IN position give elect 70 his yIews strongly urgsa
that protection wouo not DriGge over me gap aoout
10 BE- Gre Dy mperai poicy. He uvusiy
insised what Canada needed was mol prolecton,
bot tor p.r proaucts and manuactur.s, and
lual the only avaiiauie markets
ol the NuituensteSu, Western ana Southern States
th. lormer or her urain aud la DER nd uose o luo
two iattsr ciassss states Tor her manufaciures
shall show hereafter tnat tho same arguments arv
,oualy lorcole at tho pfcsen co.Iuuclurs uI sn.rs
Dutn ia CANADA aud Ia tue Unitsa states. saa Also
tnat the savantagss VIA 20 reciprocal aud uu-
Iuai.
RECIPROCAL FREE TRADE LEGISLATION.
Bul now proceed ~ point cut now the question u
was then u,spoAea vi. Tse counter proposal ior ireo
edIy popular, and tne lale William Hamilton Avr.
rItt, with whom tEc wrllcr cvnlcrreu ON tho
suujsci oI bringing about such resui. came on 10
Wasnngton and cvnisfroi with the Late wasniDg,on
Hunt, tien (lS4) Chairman OF tne Committee vi Com
melee; and tue pl.n oi estabhsning ifoe trade De-
tween the t~o countries oy reciprocal legislation Mas
agreed on BiIis Identical ~ purport we're prepared,
anu Mr. Aerritt resurneu and saecseasd ~
| passing his bill without auy serious
opposition, ,hrousa Doln Houses Of Inc
| CANADIAN Legislature and the Governor General
| reserved IL Tor the approval oi the imperial gov
/ ernmeni, whlcn was promptly concedca Meaa-
liiue Mr hunt, feraard Governor Of New
| YORK, carried ms biii through the House Of Rsp-
rosen,alycs during tue sessloG Of ls47 As; but Il
stuck Ia the Senate, wnsre great Efforts made 10
| secure lis passage during the session OF IS4S. 40
1 lllars ted mems law.
| wars ex-senator Il. ID. Morgan, hot tBen IN puUc
hie General Dix, senator from tnis stae; Dinisi
Webster Mr. benton and several otber distD gusn cd
statesmen vi tnc period. Although The trends o the
| measure counted = cear maJority oi tie senate IT
was fouhc mpossiUic TO get ~ up out VI tts order,
owing 10 the IN .rni1nJie discussions the Caii-
tornia and slavery qucsous, aua also from the op-
position oi the 5vnatos from lame, wbo erfOnsousy
fancied thsir lumber interests would suncr oy ad-
mittiog Canadan unDsr and timber INTO tue country
Tree VI duty, although European maskcts r1ied aud
| made The prcc.
/ An ASxExArlos mASiPesro.
The provisons Vi those oils smbr accd only tue un-
| Manufactured produce oi tns ,wo countries, winch
| made the pan aitcfward embodied IN the igiD
Treaty 70 large extent aliufc as shall hereafter
4 clearly dcmonstfute The immediate result Of tns
| iaiiurc oi tue Washington O was genera outbursi
Ia iavor oi annexation iu nearly every part o. TIC
was drawn up sgned In tory y-egnt hours by all
the laadpg business men declaring In tsvor oil an
nexation Twelve nundrsd names wero appended 10
| II, aud the local authorities, IN panic, dis
missed summariy every person holding any
oshce hish or low, VINO signed tue
L
| ton at this tlmv--such as SIR A. 4. Ga Mr. Hoiton
ana ihershavv since been mem Dsss oi the Cauadin
| government similar movement was originated Ia
| Toronto aud tho Govsrnsr General, using tue pre-
rogave oil the Crown, ordered OF govcrnm0Li
| 10 be removed IRON Quebec 10 Toronto, which had
the elect o tue spread Of the plague in that
| c,ty The ioilowing yoI-lS5O--the raising OF heavy
railway and government loans 10 the Britsu market
| ana their outlay served 10 bridge over the cnasn
created Wy the withdrawal oil nciuontal protoctiou &c
1 Canadian productions in the British msikels; and
Hnay came the Elgin Treaty. 10 which shall anain
1 refer Yours, &c. RECIPROCITY.
i NEw yoAK, Nov. q le76