davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brenham weekly banner. [volume] (Brenham, Tex.) 1877-1907, 1878-09-20

DR.. BAXTER, medical purvey-
or, U. S. A, in Washington. is
sued an order that all commu-
nications from infected districts
should be fumigated. A tele-
gram having arrived, a wag of a
clerk gave it a thorough fumi-
CATION, and handed it to the
doctor. Instructions were fully
obeyed.
Brenham weekly banner. [volume] (Brenham, Tex.) 1877-1907, 1878-09-20

Largest Circulation of any Paper pub
iished in this Senatorial District.
Brenham weekly banner. [volume] (Brenham, Tex.) 1877-1907, 1878-09-20
NOTICE N PROBATE.

Secretary of State.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
-Four Doctors Hanged.

Four Polish doctors. were hanged by
the Russians at Sophia. The Turks left
the town on the approach of the Rus
SLAMS in such haste that they had no
time to remove their wounded ; these
remained in the military hospitals under
the care Of five doctors, who trusted in
the Geneva Convention to protect them.
All the doctors referred to were Poles,
but four of them were Austrian subjects,
and none of them had taken up arms
against Russia. They formed part of the
sanitary department of the Turkish reg
ular army, and bad been permitted to
serve in it by their respective Govern
ments. Three of them. doctors of the
Cracow University, were at once thrown
into prison. The fourth, Dr.. Gebhardt,
was. supposed from his name to be a
German, and he was employed for a few
days as surgeon to the Russian wound
ed; but soon after the Russians discov-
cred that he also was a Pole, and he was
accordingly sent into prison with his
comrades. In vain did he prove that he
was an Austrian subject, that his elder
brother was secretary to the Supreme
Court of Justice at Vienna, and that he
could not have taken part in the Polish
instruction of 1868, as he was then only
thirteen years old. He and his three
colleagues were taken to a public square
in Sophia and there hanged. The fifth
doctor, NJ. Czerwinski, fortunately pos
sessed an English passport, and this
saved his life, the British Consul having
interfered energetically on his behalf.
DR.. Czerwinski was present at the e1ecu-
ton, and brought the terrible news to
DIR. Gebhardt's. brother at Vienna:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
An Old Arctic Continent.

The study of the tertiary formation OF
the northern portionso Of Asia and America
shows that these countries once formed
q. continuous land surface. The stratum
has two maiu divisions, the lower of which
is 8 continental miocene Containing few
fossils of recent origin) deposit, with
coal seams, such as that from which the
English Arctic expedition replenished
it's supplies. The climate Of that ancient
land is supposed to have resembled that
now prevailing in the central parts OF the
Unitedl States. The beds of the lower
formation extend from the middle parts
of the Amoor basin through Kamschatka
and Alaska to Vancouver's Island, and
near the Mackenzie River, in Greenland;
and in Spitzbergen r found the re-
mains of a flora similar to that of the
western region, so that no doubt can
exist that at one period the whole OF
that vast region formed q joint territory,
and with q semi-tropical temperature.
How that district could have been so
warm has greatly puzzled geo!oglsts,
but the conclusion generally ac-
cepted is that the state of things referred
to occurred at a time when the earth
was still giving off enormous quantities
of internal heat, and before frost or snow
had appeared on the globe. The upper
beds Of the Asiatic series are a marine
pliocene Containing a large portion OF
recent species) deposit. They are found
in California, Oregon, the Aleutian ISL
ands, Alaska and Saghallen Islands, but
are wanting in Siberia, a fact which
shows that the separation of the two
continents must have taken place at a
very early date, and that while Northern
America was submerged, Northern Asia
remained above the sea.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
Butter Making in the Sierras.

Along the eastern slope of the Sierras
are fertile valleys, where the gras
growth, stimulated by the deep cover
ing Of the winter snow. is extremely rich
and succulent, and here, from June to
October, the ranchmen from the valleys
below, resort with their herds Of dairy
COWS, for the purpose of making butter.
A correspondent, writing from this re.
gion, gives the following description Of
the mode of life of these mountain dairy
men
About twenty dairymen drive their
COWS from the vicinity of Folsom, where
they have winter pastures, to their sum-
mer quarters here, and back in the fall.
About 6, 1000 COWS are MIXED, averaging
100 pounds Of butter each, or in the ag-
gregate some 800 tons annually.
The lives these people lead are pecu-
liar. Their winters are occupied with
their fences and the usual repairs neces-
sary on a ranch. Their pilgrimage be-
gins while piles Of snow are plainly visi-
Bile from their doors. Their progress is
always slow and often very laborious.
Violent stormsfrequently overtake them,
especially on the downward journey.
Thew reach their destination to find
fences, houses and barns crushed by the
winters SHOWS. When repairs have
been made and their summers work
systematized, their labors are by no
means light. No sunrise catches them
asleep. Every man must have his twen-
ty COWS MIXED and ready for a nice feed
before he gets his breakfast. The
calves are then fed, the milk strained or
skinned, and every second day the big
churn has to be turned wei and over
for an hour or two. The living on the
ranch is very good. The incest milk is
always free. A yearling bullock or a fat
pig furnishes the choicest meat. The
housewife is always a good bread-baker,
and we all know what nice bread, good
butter, tender steak, and a bowl of sweet
milk are to a hungry a Fruit and
vegetables are harder to get. Nothing
of the kind grows anywhere above us,
owing to the frosty nights. Fcicles hang
to the troughs and collect on the edges
of ponds nearly every night in the sea-
son. IL ID Certainly d uealbuy ulo-
though children are often attacked by
ague during the winter, but it disappears
quickly when they leave the valley.
Their buildings are usually very good.
They must be strong to bear the strain
of the snow, which sometimes falls to a
great depth. The ranches usually con-
sist of 200 or 300 acres, and from that
up to 600. One not capable of support
ing ct least seventy-fve COWS cannot be
made profitable. Usually about n
hundred are found together, and that is
perhaps the average. The butter bust
ness is fairly profitable, with the price
OF three bits (97a cents) per pound, but
it can never be o%verdone, nor can it at
tain very large proportions, as the area
devoted to it is very limited, and nearly
all that is suitable is already in use.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
An Invention to Relieve Horses.

An inventor who can serve both an
economical and a hnmane purpose is a
double factor to the race, and such
must be the estimate placed on the
German who has recently patented an
apparatus designed to lessen the strain
upon a horse, particularly at starting,
Of a loaded vehicle. The traces are
fastened to an iron rod running through
the center of a cylinder containing sew.
eral rings Of gutta percna. When the
horse exerts himself the strain first
comes upon and congresses these rings,
saving his shoulders: The German
war department, having made expert
ments and found that the saving of
force, not alone at starting but during
traction, was at least one-third, has re-
solved to employ the attachment in it's
artillery and military trains.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
An Eccentric Merchant.

At Hanau Germany a merchant re-
sides whose history is somewhat curious.
A quarrel with his step-mother induced
him to leave "his fathers house" when
young, and embark for England. Hav-
ing acquired in trade in London a for
tune sufficient for comfort in Germany,
he married, and returned to his native
town, whore he found that his parents
were dead and that their property had
devolved to him. A large, rambling
house, containing thirteen rooms on q
floor, and adorned with pictures of old
electors and land graves was part of his
patrimony. The house goes by the
name of Noah's Ark, from the singulari-
ty of its construction, arising, as the
story goes, from a u not less singu-
lar. The upper story is a complete
second house erected on the first. The
builder, an opulent citizen, who pos
sessed ninety-nine houses in Hanau, was
ambitious Of rounding his number to
one hundred but the jealousy of the
citizens opposed his within, unless he con-
scented to pave a path to the church,
some hundred yards long, with rix dol
lars. He declined this %exorbitant tax =;
but unwilling to resign the distinction
of owning one hundred houses, he con-
tented himself with a hundredth placed
on the top of one of the ninety-nine.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
Place of the Paris Show.

The Trocadero, of Paris, where the
palace of fine arts are placed, on the ex-
hibition grounds, will easily accommo-
date 1000 spectators. It's dome will be
sixteen feet higher than that of st.
Peters, in Rome. It's concert hall will
hold about 5000 people, and the orches-
ira, although made for 400 performers,
can be so extended as to seat 1000. The
organ is to be forty feet high and will be
blown by a small steam engine. There
will be an exhibition of French fashions.
in which Worth, Of course, will cut q
very considerable figure. But beyond
and better than this there will be moth
ing worth knowing about France that will
not be found in the French department.
Among other features there will be a
magnificent display Of all the latest in
ventions of electric light apparatus, and
the telephone will sound its own trnm.
pet up to the highest reached note. A
balloon, large enough to hold fifty peo-
pie, will make %ascensions every day,
going as far heavenward as prudence
will permit.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
Death From HydrOphObia.

John Foley, aged eleven, died recently
in Brooklyn from hydrophobia, after
having suffered the most intense pain
for three or four days. About six months
ago the boy was bitten by a small dog
belonging to a neighbor, with which he
was trying to play. The dog had been
frightened and leased by a number of
bows, and when Foley approached it it
bit him in the feshy part of the leg and
on the left forearm. The wounds were
cauterized in. a drug store near by, and
the boy seemed to remain in his usual
health until about five months after.
Then he began to complain of severe
headaches. He attended school llstless-
~, and refused food, and showed q dis
like for liquids. The wound was singu-
larly slow in healing, and it was a fort
night before the coating over the cicatrix
fell off. The scar was then marked by a
circular blue patch.
On a recent Wednesday night DR.. j.
J. Dover was called to see the lad. He
found him suffering from spasms in the
muscles of the throat. The parents told
of their sons having been bitten by q
dog, and the physician at once concluded
that it was a case of hydrophobia. The
lad refused at first to take any fluids,
and when at length he was induced to
drink, he swallowed with difficulty. He
was nervous and disliked to be touched.
A consultation of physicians on the fol-
lowing Friday ended in a conclusion OF
a majority of the number that it was a
genuine case of hydrophobia, although
others refused to express o similar
opinion.
On Friday evening the boy was seized
with commissions. He would have a
spasm if a puff of air from the window
or from an opened door blew upon him,
and his efforts to swallow were painful
to see. He conversed freely about his
condition, and did not seem to think
that he was going to die. Some anti
spasmodics were given. The remedies,
which were freely gwen, were powerless,
and it required two men to hold the boy
in bed. he tossed about, writhing with
pain, and foaming at the mouth. He
uttered no sounds resembling q dogs
bark, and his face bore a look of patient
suffering, which touched all who saw it.
The physician remained in the room all
night, trying various remedies.
At four o'clock the next morning he
administered an injection of hydrate OF
chloral, which quoted the patient for
about four hours. This treatment was
repeated, but the commissions returned
with greater force, and the boys death
followed.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
A Kind Act Rewarded.

The bread on the waters has returned
to a young lady in Clappertown, Pa,
after a few years. On December %,
1873, she met, on a railroad train, a lady
who was very i'll, and she kindly minis
tered unto.her. taking CARGO her and &C.
companying her to her place OF destina-
ton. When they parted, the sick wo-
man offered to reward the young lady
for her kindness and attention, but she
would take nothing. The old woman
wrote down the name and address,
nodded Familiarity to her, and said a:
"You will be paid some day." The
young lady never saw her chance &C.
~quaintance again, but the sum Of $780,
coo has recently been b~equeathed to her.
The old woman had no relatives in this
country, aud left all her money to the
girl Who had 1si-;sa7el lar -Reaiip
PA J EAGLE.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
The Peanut.

Boys and girls are interested in pea
nuts, judging from what may be seen
often in the steamcars. No COW thinks
more of her cud than does the average
Young American of these handy sweet
meats. A gentleman of South Boston
sends to the Press of that city some
account of the popular nut: The ques-
ton has often been asked how and
when did peanuts first appear in this
country? About forty years ago, the
writer was in Wilmington, North Caro-.
lima, and became acquainted with a gen.
tleman who, in speaking of peanuts, said
that he believed he was the first person
who introduced them into North Caro-
lima; that when quite a young man, he
went on board a vessel that had put into
Wilmington in distress, and he saw for
the first time ONE nuts in bags, and
they told him they came from Africa,
and was known as pea or ground nuts.
They gave him q few handfuls, which he
planted, and as theyincreased, they were
scattered around, and became q staple
article Of culture. Certain it is, that at
the Tina referred to, the cultivation of
peanuts was almost wholly confined to
the southern part of North Carolina.
The production has rapidly increased,
and they are now raised in large quaint
ties in most Of the Southern and many
OF the Western States, and are now con-
sidered as one of our prominent and sta
ole articles of agricultural products.
During the civil war, the Southern peo-
pie made q very nice kind Of oil from
peanuts; and we have been told that in
the warm countries east OF us, when the
~olive-oil crop fails, this oil is made to
take it's place.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
A Gallant Sailor,

Thomas Humphreys al a. brave an
English sailor as ever furled a sail. He
was crossing Carmarthen bag in the cus-
tom boat, with Mrs. Bydder Gan officers
wife) and a companion, when Q sudden
gust of wind struck the sail, and they
found themselves struggling in the
water. He first ~endeavored to support
his comrade, who was an awkward swim
mer, but the poor fellow could not be
kept ahoat. He then told the woman to
cling to the boat, while he swa around
to see what could be done. He got his
knife and opened it with his teeth, cut
away the cordage, and, after consider
able exertion, dismasted the craft and
righted her. He therefore placed the
mast across the boat and got the wo-
mans arms over it on one side, while he
went and hung on at the other. Mrs.
Bydder then said, every one for him
SELL" and begged him to leave her and
save himself, which hecould have done,
being only about thirty yards from the
shore, but he knew that if he left the
m she would be drowned. He re-
manned by her. at the cost of his own
life, for an hour and a half, shouting all
the while for assistance. Just as q boat
reached them, the brave fellow sank
from cold and exhaustion, but the wo-
mar was saved.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
Difndence Of Great Men.

It may comfort some of u readers,
troubled with an excess of modesty, to
know that great men have been difident
in company and have broken down in
attempting to speak.
The eloquent Robert Hall made an
utter failure the first time he attempted
to speak.
The great Pitt was exceedingly shy in
his private intercourse with men. Lord
Camden was on terms of the greatest in
timacy with him, and one day remarked,
as Pitt was at his house:
"My children have heard so much
about you that they are very anxious to
have a glimpse of the great man. They
are now at dinner. Will you oblige me
by going in with me a moment"
40, pray don'tl" said the orator, in
great alarm. "What on earth would I
say to them"
"Give them the pleasure of seeing
you, at least" said his lordship, laugh
ing, al he half led, half pushed him into
the room.
The Prime Minister of England ap-
preached the little group. There he
stood, looking alternately at the father
and the children, and twirling his hat
for a few minutes, without being able to
utter a sentence.
When Daniel Webster was a school
boy, he tells us: "Many a piece did I
commit to memory and rehearse it over
and wei again in my room, but when
the day came, when the school collected,
when my name was called, and I saw all
eyes turned upon my seat, I could not
raise myself from it."
Cowper's friends purchased him a
place as clerk of the House of Lords,
where his duties only required him to
stand up and read parliamentary docu-
ments. The thought Of standing up be-
fore such an audience was so terrible
to him that as the time drew on. he was
in agony of apprehension and tried to
hang himself.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
Cooperative
Newspapers.

Between two and three thousand nsHsspspers IN the
oo-Speratiye plan: 'Nsssly, forty per cent; Of all the
at lower cost, and is specially suited for the REQUIRE.
mants Of papers in small towns and villages. Ths sys::
tom maintains . competition with the homo printed
country journals to such an extent that none but those
firmly established and backed sssl q up 6y computations SsaiS. \. sns q q
the matter Of advertising it Offers circulation at .
price with which the great weeklios. arc unable to
compete. The matter has become Of vital Importance,
and the New York !Ymes,'a Journal having . great
name, has commenced upon IL Q vigorous crusade. In
It's issues Of March lth, 18th and 18th there appeared long
libalous articles. Every statement contained In them
rejecting discrsdit upon tho Cooperative system u m
true, the undersigned have furnished the Tire VIII
llshed are untrue, and the TiTs has neglected and 70.
We sought to use the advertising columns Of the Times
and these also have been closed to u.s.. We have there
fore no other resource than to appeal to tho public.
Our answers, to the charges, Of the Times are complete
and cannot be refuted. They will be mailed. to any
applicant. The only reason for the attack which We
know Of is to be found in tho fect hat We have in.ssu.
four times as much circulation for a dollar az y Afforded
By the columns Of the Times. Circulars With full par.
ticulars free ny mail. Address,
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-10
Names of Vehicles.

Among the medley of names at pres
ent or recently given to pleasure car
riages some are unintelligible, while
others defy all chronological scrutiny.
The landau is named from q town in
Germany; it is a coach that may be used
open or closed at pleasure. The landau
let, as it's name implies, is a lighter and
smaller landau. The barouche, a favor
tie open carriage insummer, is of French
origin, as is the barouchet. The
~britzschka was introduced from Russia
about half q century ago. Why the
phmton is so named we cannot pretend to
say; but the vehicle 80 called belongs to
the barouche and britzschka group. The
cabriolet is French, and so is the visa
Wis. Droitzschka came from Russia or
from Poland-an odd kind of an affair,
modified in England into a vehicle fitted
for invalids, aged persons and children,
with its formidable name shortened into
drosky. The curricle is one of the few
kinds of two-wheelers with two horses
abreast; while the tandem is a struggling
affair with two wheels and two horses,
but one of the horses behind the other.
The cab (short for cabriolet) is a handy
bachelors vehicle; the gig is about the
lightest of all, being little more than an
.o%pen-railed chair, supported on the
shafts by two side springs; the 'dog.cart
is a gig, with a space underneath to
contain either dogs or luggage; while
the tilbury, named after the coachmaker
who invented it, is a modified cab. The
stanhope, named after a noble lord, Is
another of the family of single-horse
t~wo-wheelers; and 80 is the sulky, for
one person only; and 30 is the buggy,
and the jaunting-car, and the whisky.
The dennet, We are told, has three
springs peculiarly arranged, and "was
80 called because the three springs were
named after the three Miss Dennets,
whose elegant stage-dancing was much
in vogue about the time this vehicle
came into use. The French misanthrope,
for one person, was probably the origin
of our sulky. The fly is a roomy carriage
let out to hire; why it is 30 called is not
quite clear. The French facre neither
denotes a particular person nor q special
origin; there happened to be q figure OF
St. Fiacre in the front of the building
where the first lender of these vehicles
kept them. When we consider how
readily the name hanson has come into
use among US, as the designation for a
vehicle, we need not marvel at the
French having adopted iacre. Victoria,
clarence, brougham, are 80 many proofs
of the ease with which the names Of
persons are given to new forms of car
risges.-AW the Year Round.