New-York tribune., 1878-07-06
SCIENCE FOR THE PEOPLE.

different parts OF tho moon, the diameter OF tno primer
pal crater being about three miles. Other observers
have described similar phenomena, but the preValnG
opinion among astronomers ut the present ume H
against the existence Of active lunar volcanoes In May
Of last year. however Dr. II. J. Klein OF k0n while eh
aiming the moon noticed great black crater Oh Tue
Mare Vaporum, and little to the Northwestot OF the we'll
known crater Hyginus. lie describes IT as oeing
nearly large Hyginus, or about three miles III u
ameter az being deep and full Of shadow, and as FORM
ing conspicuous object on the dark gray Mare Napo-
rum Having frequently observed this region during
the last twelve years. Dr. Klein felt certain that no such
crater existed there at the tmo OF his previous
examinations Ho communicated his observations to Dr.
Schmidt, OF Athens. the veteran seenoglapher VINO as
surcd him that this crater absent from all his
numerous drawings Of this part Of the lunar snTace
neither is It shown by schroter LohrmAnn nor Mailer
Last Apul DR.. Klein made hs discoveries known gen
orally. and they seem 10 have ucen continued ny olncr
observers. The Mare NapUrum, in which the new crater
is situated, lies close Ia the centre 81 the Nspc surface
Of the moon that objects in this region arc very
slightly affected by the lunar lihratons II ia also
the which has been most culcluly otuutu
Klrim's Hppcarcd in a lees Seliknown rcgon, much
doubt wOnld have been felt no TO whether 1t had pre-
vOusly existed OF not.
SLEEPL LEssNESs.-7he Boston JOURdtCf Chem
isiry gives hints to the many persons who nova
days suffer from secpleSsncss One OF the most eiclent
means OF inducing natural sleep II says IA the apphca-
tion of mustard plasterB tho abdomen. Preyer, of
Jena, advocates inc VI Il ii'HHiS
solution OF actate Of soda, or Of some milk or whey.
Where the seepessness depends upon brain exhaustion
Dr. Hollis recommends the administration, Just before
bedtime Of q tumberu of hot carct and water, with
sugar ana nutmeg The alEacs and alkaline oarlhS are
useful when acd dyspepsia is present In hot weather.
Sprinking the floor Of the Sleeping apartments Win
water lessons proprcties Of the AIR, adding
much the comfort Of the scepers possibly the guam
tity of az the same time increased. Wheh sleep
is broken by severe pain, opium morphia is of value
ter TO inject small dose Of morpha hypOdCrmcay
the branch Of the affected nerve than TO administer
1t by the mouth.
PHoro-ENGRAvING.-The Bulletin of The Bel
gan Photographic Society contains a description Of
scauouis process OF photo-euGravng. The originals TO
be reproduced are carefully touched up, that the
whites are as pure and the blacks aSncnsc possible
and then the negative il taken in the ordinary way the
plate being backed in the with damp red bottlng
paper to prevent reflection from the camera, back OF
the plate. The negative ls developed IN the ordinary
manner intensified 10y mercurc chloride, and varnshcd
positive picture Ia taken IN the camera the negative
being carefully screened from any light coming between
and the lens This is intcr~ihed by pyroSalc acid
and aferward washcd with pure water to which little
ammonia has been added. 1t is then immersed in NOR
curc chloride for half an hoCr and again nensiled
with pyrOganc acid. This is repeated several times
when the intensity Of the lines considerable the plate
is well washed treated with potassium iodide, and
yellow, green brown. and then violet brown The plate
then thoroughly drained and the image treated sue
cessyey with solution Of patlnic chloride, aurc chic
ride, ferrous suphate, and finally by pyrogallc acid
which has the property OF odlIFing the metallic de-
poss The metallic relief thus obtained is dried
spiritlamp, and covered with an excessively tnln var
nsh This varnish, which Is special preparation, re-
tius sufficient ackness to hold powdered graphite
its surface Ohc bronze powder now used may he en-
pOyed instca, which Is busted on in the usual manner
After giving The plate q border OF wax, II is placed IN
eectrotypmg bah and, after few days perfect fac
simlle III ntagiio Is obtained
AN OLD JAPANESE EARTHQUAKE INDICATOR
in recent interesting historical paper upon d" De
structiye Earthquakes IN JAPAN" by Mr. ator Of the
University Of Toxic is the following description Of
curious seisnograph, earthquake register, invented
by Choke about 1872 A D. The seismOgraph consisted Of
acopper vessel whose diameter eight shaker or feet
and whose convex cover ornamented with charac-
tiers, mountain turtles birds and beasts. In this vessel
there main piston i'll the middle with its eight
branches wires and springs On ousdc OF this vessel
eight dragon heads each OF them having copper
ball I'm its fun opened mouth. Under each OF the dragon
heads there was frog looking upward with its mouth
fully opened TIE wile works ANA springs very
sklliuly arranged in the vessel but the cover was
closely fitted, aud they could not be seen Whenever
the earth shook OF TIC dragons dropped the ball the
frog underneath received it IN its mouth and produced
sound. BY this means the direction Of the shocks
asceItancd once of the dragons dropped its ball.
learned men Of the capital doubted the truworthuess
of the machine; but after few days a mail arrived
from Rosei and reported the occurrence OF earth
quake there.
a New VOLCANIC ISLAND.-The captain of
German steamer recently arrived at Hong Kong, re-
lacs that he a witness Of singular phenomenon in
the Island of New-Brain, in the South Pacific uong
1852 E.. and lat s. He found all the northeastern
covered with thick smoke, and experienced the
greatest difficulties in passing the strait which
1t from Ncw-Irelaud account Of the fields Of
pumice which covered the to the depth Of
cra feet. On the 9Th Of February he reached Makada
OF the Duke Of York Islands, and found that three
craterS had opened In peninsula formed by the Island
nt - Ihn md