The Portland daily press., 1878-12-28
AGRICULTURAL.
International Dairy Fair.

~ - u ~ AN4AAAs
international Dairy Fair.
The first International dairy fair ever held
in this country was opened at the American
Institute Building, New York city, on Mon
day, Dec. 2. The exhibition comprised exhibits
Of cheese, butter, COWS, dairy implements,
models of cheese factories and creameries.
Eleven first prizes were offered for cheese made
the various dairying States Of the Union,
and prize for the best cheese made in tbs
Canadas. Another class comprised cheese
made on the British Isles, cheese made on the
continent of Europe and cheese made in fancy
shapes, made anywhere. Besides, there was
a sweepstakes class "for the best cheese made
and still another class for the
best display of cheese. And, in addition,
there were valuable special premiums offered
by outsiders. The butter displays were like
wise divided into classes and subdivided into
numbers. Eleven first prizes were offered for
dairy implements and models. Six first prizes
were offered for dairy COWS, full bloods, and
other premiums for cross breeds and natives.
Prizes were offered, under the head of miscel.
laneous, for rennets, coloring material and
condensed milk.
The number of entries was about 1000, in
parcels weighing 200 pounds and upwards, aud
10000 in single packages A naannnnosh pyIa--
mid of cheese attracted general attention.
The base consisted of ten cheeses, weighing
each 700 pounds. The body of the structure
for about six feet above the base consisted of
yellow sixty pound packages above were three
rows of bright red, rounded parcels of Holl-
and's Edam, and from this point to the green
- nI, 49,. oI o,sx 81
Jersey COW, were rectangular, oblong, square,
spherical and ellptical cheese heaped together.
A wide counter surrounding the pyramid
served the double purpose of restraining the
relic-gatherers and of exhibiting some rare and
ancient specimens of foreign cheeses. Rogue
fort and Gruyere; Mont dor, shining like
cake; Bendon, Neufchatel, Gorgenzola.
monks head in foil; the chestnut colored
Rouan specimens of loaf, colored and pale
Cheddar; Stilton, which captured the first
prize and silver cup at the London dairy show
in October; two nuggets of Ballini di GraVini
from Italy, and small Cacia Cavllli, shaped
and colored like Bologna, were among the
counter EXHIBITS. But the most precious speci-
mems were under an air-tight glass case, and
although one of them, large Mostrella, was
coated with mold, and the others, assquare
Cacia Cavilli and Romaton, looked as though
they had been fshed out of mud-hole, they
were none the less precious. Another exhibit
of cheese contained 400 specimens, having an
aggregate weight of 10000 pounds. Ten
cheeses were shown from Whitesboro, NY,
factory, each weighing close to 1000 pounds.
The monstsr cheese of the exhibition was from
Theresa N. Y. Itmeasured four feet in diam
eter, stood nearly two feet high and weighed
about 100 pounds.
The display of butter was very large. Irish
butter was shown prepared on the Dorset sys.
tenn; Danish bntter in tubs; butter from
Friesland, Holland, Welsh, tubs; Kill but
ter from Denmark; Normandy butter, and
and many other foreign varieties. Domestic
butter was exhibited in great variety and in
large quantities. There were 800 packages
OF fancy creamery butter from Elgin. III. An
Indiana dairyman sent samples of butter
packed in tubs of burr maple with nickel
plated hinges and hoops.
On the south side of the exhibition hall
was row of pens for the accommodation of
200 cattle, filled with some of the choicest
specimens of Devon, Holsteins, Ayrshies,
Jerseys, Attorneys and Guerneys to be seen
in this country. In the first pen, toward the
main entrance, was diminutive East Indian
COW, with delicate limbs and hump on the
ore-shoulders. Beside her was tiny count
erpart of herself in the shape of calf few
days old, which formed one of the most deci-
ueQ aCtracClOnS OF Inc Ialr.
At the lower end of the hall were butter
and cheese factories, In working order, and
by means OF which the entire process of
making each was Illustrated. Ranged about
three sides of the building were the thou
sand and one patented churns, cheese watts,
molds, butter workers, butter coolers, butter
boxes, and so on through an endless list of
appliances of modern dairy. Occupying
prominent places among these were large
assortments of SHUTTER colors," warranted to
give butter any desired tint without iDjuring
its favor. A very interesting feature OF these
side shows was patent milking machine,
into the four hard rubber tubes of which
visitors were continually poking to see if the
thing pulled.
One of the most valuable and interesting
features of the fair were the numerous impor-
tant addresses and papers that were given
during the several evenings in which it was
in progress. On the first evening a short
opening address was made by MI. franklin
Eddison, President ofthe Produce Exchange,
speaking mainly upon the question of our ex-
ports of dairy products Of which we sent
abroad to foreign countries in the last year
2,77S, 900 pounds of cheese and 1900, 100000
pounds of butter, He was followed by Ex-
Gov. Horatio Seymour who gave an elaborate
address upon the general and practical bear
ings of the matter ofdairy husbandry to omer-
lean farming, of which no brief mention
could do anything like justice.
On the evening of the second day, Gen. 3.
F. Butler delivered an address packed full of
figures and statistics in which he compared
the agriculture of our own country with that
OF France-in which comparison, while we do
not suffer, we may certainly gain much solid
information and learn some useful lessons for
our future guidance. Frrnce is prosperous
sa Af 60,
because its land is thoroughly and intensively
cultivated. Wealth is more evenly distributed
there than here, and the system of economy
pTacticed is such as to give large margin of
profit from agricultural labor. France is not
quite as large In territory as the State of
Texas, yet it produces as much wheat as the
whole United States, and more oats, barley,
rye and buckwheat. 1t has as many neat
cattle as we have, more sheep, and nearly as
many horses and mules. In 1866 its value of
eggs imported to England, was as much in
value as our export of bacon and hams to the
same country In the same year. The secret
of the great prosperity of France lies in the
thorough culture of the soil. and this in any
country will bring like results as there.
The third evening Mr.. F. B. Thurber, a
gentleman thoroughly conversant with the
subject from recent travel abroad, read paper
on the probable increased demand for Amer
lean dairy products abroad, in which he urged
that Americans should produce only the best
butter and cheese for foreign markets, as by
so doing he believed it was within our power
to largely increase our sales of American dali
ry products across the ocean.
We go to press at too early day in the
week to give anything like final account of
this great fair, which has been throughout
success. Cheese and butter was
in process of making every day, and on some
days tide number of visitors reached nearly
four thousand. In subsequent issues we shall
give additional particulars, with satisfactory
abstracts of the more important papers and
addresses.
Heet Sugar.
Where beet sugar is manufactured in the
vicinity of the farms where the beets are
raised, SO that the refuse can be returned to
the farms to be fed to stock, great improve
ment in the productions of the farms gene--
ally results. The best refuse is worth almost
as much to feed to stock as the beets were,
and the sugar contains nothing which ex-
hausts tie soil in having it carried of. Be-
fore the manufacture Of beet sugar, the ar
of VaIenciennes, in France,
produced 695, 500 bushels of wheat, and fat
tened ZOO oxen. Since the manufacfura of