Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1878-04-17
FARM AND HOME.
0easonable Advice.

sure means IN h garden. From five to
ten bushels of salt has also been reported
effectual, but it is not certain that it is
30. The preservation of birds is a great
help. The larva is only destructive to a
considerable extent in occasional years.
Prairie Farmer.
In southern California the tomato is
perennial. A vine in Los Angeles has
been trained over the sunny side of a
house, and is now twenty-five feet high.
1t has blossoms, and at the same time
has fruit in all stages Of growth. In San
Bu~eneventura, . grapevine, planted
seventeen years ago, measures forty
inches around the stem, and covers an
area of about eighty feet. 1t yields an
annual crop of about one thousand
pounds, single clusters averaging three
and q half pounds.
Coon wheat ought to furnish at least
"A per cent. of fine -four. The best sam
pies often furnish &c to 80 per cent, and
in q few rare instances as much as So per
cent. of flour has been obtained. Infe-
rior varieties seldom produce more than
So per cent, and in instances only "a to
Sc per cent. of -four has been obtained
from bad samples. On an average wheat
may be said to yield rs per cent. of fine
flour, and % per cent. of bran and mid.
dlings.
l WOULD say in answer to 81. A. s."
of Jacksonville, when he says he would
like to see the figures to show how cattle
a lie raised OF $50 land so as to make
it profitable, that it can be done with
Hereford cattle. We bought last spring
some half-blood Herefords weighing
1900 pounds, at four cents. Take two
for instance; 2,4OO pounds cost 500
pasture, six months, SIS; 100 bushels
corn, $25; for hay, Is; total, $l44.
Weight of cattle March Is, 3,4OO pounds;
would sell to-day in Chicago at six cents.
This leaves go profit. This shows that
it a be done with the right kind of cat.
tie, They had no shed, and have been
fed shock corn and hay.-Prairie Farmer.
AN English gardener gets his small
seed early, and tests it by spreading, say
200 of an average sample, on a piece OF
fine flannel, cut to fit nicely the bottom
of a dinner-plate, saturating it gently
with cold water and keeping it thus a
few days on a table neal a sunny win.
dow. The good seed will send up slen-
der white shoots a half inch or 30 high,
and the "killed," or imperfect seed, OF
course. "makes no sign" Then count
ing the latter. he can easily figure out
the allowance he must make for waste.
When this percentage is unsatisfactory
he returns the lot to the dealer and tries
again, and the consequence is that he has
"never lost a crop by dead seed"
Do we put the case too strongly when
We say a man has NO moral right to eat
apples who will not keep the borers out
of his trees, and the caterpillars from
eating the leaves and blossoms? With
out entering very infinitely into a discus.
sion of the moral aspects of the matter,
unless the bOrers are kept out of his
trees and all injurious insects destroyed,
the natural and unavoidable penalty OF
his neglect will be a scanty harvest, and
that of a poor quality, hardly fit ever
for a lazy mar to eat. If we would have
good, fair, sound fruit, we must pay the
price for raising it in good, faithful work
performed at the right time.-Spira O
Kansas.
My way of handling black walnuts i,
this: i'll do not want to plant more
than three bushels, l SOW in row foul
feet apart Tin falD, and when one yea
old, or one year from the next spring
after l planted, l take a sharp
bright, spade and cut the tap roots off
and let them stand another year, anc
then transplant them. If. however, ]
want to plant more, and the transplant
ing will pay, after preparing my ground
by blowing and narrowing in the fall,
stake of in rows eight feet each way
leaving stakes standing. Then plant two
walnuts at each crossing of direct line,
from stake to stake. In the spring
plant to corn the standing stakes telling
me where my walnuts are. Where two
grows cut n of.-Kansas Farmer.
/ 10 not know the cause or cure, bu1
have reason to think sulphur is a pre-
ventive. We have not lost q creature in
five years with black-leg or murrain
which isabout the same thing. Previou,
to this time We frequently lost calves
yearlings OF t~wo-year-olds. After losing
three of the latter, just one week apart
we began giving the others a tablespoon
full each of sulphur, in salt, every day
In about a week a neighbor suggested
that 80 much sulphur might kill them
If the cattle took cold; we then gave i,
once q week for q while, and now moi
oftener than once in three months
which / do not think is often enough,
We never lost q creature with murrain
that wa in poor condition.-Kdnsas Far.
maer.
THE object of sub-soiling is to loosen
the soil beyond the reach Of the ordinary
pillow, and in this way subject il to the
action of the air, allow the roots to 20
down and the moisture to come up. II
the sub-soil is q loose gravel allowing a
free circulation Of air, there is no use
for a sub-soil pillow. II it contains sub
stances injurious to plants, the first crop
at least would probably be injured BY
the looscning. II it is 80 wet that the
roots of the plants cannot 20 down into
it. Well drained lands are most bene-
flied by the operation, and in nearly all
cases pay well for subsoiling. By sub
soiling a few burrows and comparing the
crop on them with that of the rest Of the
land, you can best determine whether
.subsoiling will pay.
The quality of barley is Influenced by
the soil, perhaps to as great an extent a.
any crop that is sown. The great bulk
Of this grain, raised at home or abroad ID
used iot malt; and hence the kind of soil
should be selected which will give it that
peculiar quality and color which will
make it the most marketable. On CLAW
lands the produce is greater than on
light soil, but the grain is of coarser
quality. Onloams IL is plump and full OF
meat, and on light chalky soils the crop
il usually light, but furnishes the best
quality for the purpose for which barley
is most used. The land should be made
mellow by the use of the harrow before
sowing. Calcareous matter is beneficial
~ . manure. The land should be fer
tilted, if not sufficiently rich without.
The blowing under of clover is not bene-
fetal to barley as it is to wheat or other
cropA-C 0hnan's Rural World.
A LETTER from Paris, France. to the
Lancaster Farmer, says that many plans
have been tried to prevent sows from
I~-nr-s.- kl~s.