New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-09-03

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zeal invention; Civil Service Reform" by John Jay,
pointed and seasOnable political discussion; ALFRED de
Musset" by g. Perry discriminating critical essay
on the life and genius OF the celebrated French poet
and symposium on the question Of Inspiration by
writers widely apart from each other as Professor F.
| II. Hedge, the Rev DIR. Z. A Wsshburn, the Rev.
| Chauucy Giles, the Rev. J. p. Newman the Most Rev.
! Archbishop Gibbons and the unreyerend, but not
rreverent Mr.. John Fske. Of Cambridge. The discus
sion is temperate aud courteous but not conclusive
and like most recent symposiums reminding one of the
| tuning Of the instruments before concert, rather
! than of a grand musical symphony
! THE INTERNATIONAL REVIEW. September
! One of the most valuable articles in this
number is the contribution Of NJ de Pressens6 on euro
| pean Politics from the French Standpoint" in which the
writer takes rapid but comprehensive, survey OF the
present political condition Of Europe, and offers sug
gestiOns which from his evident knowledge Of the sub
ec and his sound catholic judgment, will carry with
them no little authority In discussing the theme, NJ.
de Pressens6 attaches less Importance TO the social
question than to the political When the equality
of rights, he remarks has been expressed in free
sttutons there lisa universal desire TO realize that equal
ty practice Democratic government necessari
y bring about progressive increase of education ana Of
well being among the Of the people. 1t is bound 10
aim after that result by bringing instruction within the
reach of ALL by reasonable pOOrrelef, by giving sure
Of public utility In modern States large field Is open
for the practical settlement of tie social question In
this they make great progress II they win the
generous aid Of the Weather aud the work and wisdom
of the laborng classes. The Christian church has
great part to play in this matter 1t has 10 inspire
healthy resolution to reprOve evil to help the weak ana
to aid the suffering We are not 10 think that "eyery-
thing is for the best in the best o. worlds" We must
recognize the fact that the question OF social reform has
been put in the most thre tening manner by the revou
tOnary socialists of day In al their various schools
OF doctrine they have this purpose in commons they
wish recOnsttute society upon foundation; 10
abolish the right of private property and by intrusng
the distribution Of wealth to centralized power TO do
away with individual liberty The Capitalization OF
| power is the essence Of revolutionary socialism.
The degree TO which this doctrine has extended in the
chief countries of Europe is fairly exhibited by the
writer. 1t does not 20 have taken strong hold
among people of the South In Italy tits stronger
than in Spain These frugal live temporarily, and
seldom feel the sting of material want In England the
large associations Of wOrkngmen have furnished many
adherens Socialism. England is also the great refuge
Of prescribed persops her shores strewn with the
fragments Of all political shipwrecks but still Social
ism there has attained the conference OF powerful
party. The AngO-SaxOn mind is essentially individual,
independent; it would not easily take 70 the idea OF
plan society by which all should be fed, mentally and
physically from a common mess-pOt. The diffusion Of
liberty which turned all England into great para-
men where everything is decided by discussion, dssi
| pates many a chmera.
| Among the workingmen OF France for several years
past great change has been going in regard TO the
question of social reform The revolution of 1sis gave
| an immense impulse 20 the Socialist movement, which
concentrated in the great cities, and especially In
Paris made little Roadway IN the country where the
land divided into small properties and the people
devotedly attached each to his own beloved parcel OF
ground. Any agltator who should talk to them about
Communism would be received the prOngs Of their
hayforks The Lower House Of 1913 was at once thor
ougnly Republican and thoroughly opposed to Socialism
Under the despOtism Of Louis Napoleon whose policy
was atter and deceive the working classes Socialism
gained ground But the wOrklngmen not 10 he con-
founded with the leaders Of the Commune The people
betrayed into following them dragged into their
SUITE against their choice, by necessity They had
no work. ana could not live without the 80 cents day
which paid to members OF the National Guard. The
physical defeat OF the Commune conceded with the
moral victory over Socialism among the workingmen
Paris They have bloted out violence from their pro-
gramme. They declare that they have exchanged bull
lets for ballots Opinions have changed The old social
chmeras which made the State the redeemer OF society
have lost their prestige At the great Congresses Of
wornngmen which have been held the past two years
at Paris and Lyons distinctly declared by the
leading speakers that they do not wish for any state In
terventOn In the question OF social reform. The social
stic schools which have made such noise In France
for past twenty Orhiry years have disappeared and
the abOrng classes to pursue the path OF social
form without committing any Violence and in reliance
on the great principle Of cooperative ASSOCIATION. III tho
course OF his remarks M de Presensse 10 the
crude Communism OF CADET and the ingenious system Of
! Fourier" but FOuriers system Communism at
all but scientific plan Of cooperative industry, the pro-
ceeds of which were equitaby divided between labor
skill and capital according the share of each element
in the work Of production While Ia the plan OF Fouriel
the fruits OF industry far equally distributed
than under the present system, and every person
private property sacredy preserved essential
ingredient in the wants Of humanity
In switzerland Socialism has attracted some attention
but simply exotic, on account OF the free hosp
tally OF country TO exes and the prescribed bui
has taken deep root in her soil 1t In Germany
during the last years. that Socialism has found is
greatest development II has spread more widely 1t
has taken various forms. 1t has made its place
even at the universities and IN the pulpit where II Is
grave and comparatively moderate doctrine. The policy
OF repression fluids favor with NJ de Presenss6 In
his opinion, IL VIII only transform the social movement
into an organization of societies vigorous sup
preston Of disorder with maintenance Of the public
liberties he contends would be the best political
10 supplement the efforts of good citizens aud to avert
the crisis under which Germany after surprising tri
umphg, Is suffering
we'll considered paper on Ex-Premier Gladstone"
presents apprecatve analysis Of the political
and personal character Of the great living statesman,
whom represents eKerting influence not derived
from official position, diminished by the loss Of It,
an influence depending the power OF character and
therefore inherent IN the His history affords
admirable example OF diligent and broad selfculture
combining high scholarship and productive devotion