The Carbon advocate. [volume] (Lehighton, Pa.) 1872-1924, 1878-12-07
THE POST orr1cr nrp Abr,tuNr

THE POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
Tho report of the Postmaster General embra
ces detailed statement Of The operations Of
tho Post office Department. The expendi.
lures of that Department for the 1-cal
year oudod June no, 1873, were s3i, ,i650si ~.
The receipts, including sale8 OF STAMPS money.
order business, aud official stamps, were s29,.
21T5l8 %. The sum Of sl0143G 10. included in
the fordgolng statement Of expenditures, is
Chhrgeablc TO preceding years, so that the uCt-
ual Expenditures for the fiscal vcat ended June
30. ISIS, are Sj3.S7tGl7 90. Tho amount drawn
from the Treasury ON appropriations, In ad-
dion TO the revenues Of the Denartmeut was
CO 30LGil 80 The expenditures !Ol the nscal
year ending june 30, 1850, aio estimated at sl6,.
51l,0 o, ana the receipts from all sources at S31
G4O23 %, leaving n deficiency TO DC Appropriated
out Of the Treasury Cf $50 1876 10. Tho report
ca Is attention to the fact that tho cumneusa
ton OF postmasiers and Of railroads Tor CARVING
the mail is regulated by law. and that the fan.
ure OF Congress TO appropriate the amounts re
quilCd Tor, these purposes does not relieve the
Government of responsibility, but nt ce .sarily
increases the deficiency bills which Congress
VIII be called upon TO pass.
In providing ior tn postal service the follow.
ing questions are presented; Should CONGRESS
largelYtn excess of its revenues. or snould such
rates OF postage be cstaunshed as will make the
Department scltsus stainingl Should the postal
service be reduced by excluding from the mails
matterwhicn does not pay its way Should the
number Of post routes be Cemlnished should
other methods be adopted which Will increase
the revenues OF demlnish the expenses of the
Tho international Postal Congress, which
met at PARIS May 1, 1873, and continued i'm ses-
sion until June OF the same year, was com
posed Of delegates IRON nearly All the civilized
countries OF the world. II adopt d new con
ventiOn TO take place Of the treaty conc uded at
Berue. October .. 1874 which goes into effect on
the st 3d april ,iS,V, between me count les
ana approved by and with the consent OF the
President, August IS, 1875. SYNOPSIS Of this
Universal Postal Convention VIII be found IN
the report Of the Postmaster General, and the
tut text in the appendix thereto. In its origin
the Postal Union comprised twenty-three conn.
hnVinm hundred
and fifty millions of people. On the lst Of ApIi
next it will comprise fOrty-three countries and
colonies with population of more than SIX
hundred aud hftY millions OF people, and will
sOOn, by the accession Of tho few remaining
countries aud colonies which maintain organ.
lied postal services, constitute, IN iaCu as well
as IN name, "a it3 new title indicates. "a Univer-
sal Union, regulating, upon uniform basis of
cheap postage rates, the postal intercourse De-
tween all civilized nations
some embarrassmCnts has arisen out OF the
conflict between the custom laws of this cOun.
nv ana the provisions of the Postal Convention
III regard TO the transmission of foreign books
and newspapers to this country by mail IL is
hoped that Congress VIII be able To devise some
means OF eCOnClng the difficulties WI ich have
thus been created, DO as to do justice to all par
ties involved.
MORE JUDGES NEEDED.
The business of the supreme Court and OF the
courts IN many OF the circuits has increased TO
such an extent during the past years that ad
ditOual legislation is imperative to prevent the
DELAY Of justice, and possible oppression to suit
Ors which Is thus OccaslOned. The cucumber
ed condition Of these dOckcts is presented anew
in the report OF the Attorney General, aud tne
remeoy suggested is earnestly urged for Con-
gressOna action, The creation Of additional
circuit Judges, as Proposed. would afford com
plete remedy, and wOuid involve an expense
at the present rate of salaI1es- of not more than
$4,000 year.
NDIAE AFFAIRS.
The annual reports OF the Secretary OF the
Interior and OF the Commissioner of In1ian Az
fairs present an elaborate account of the nres
OF yVh pnin
iStelS 10 ther interests. While tho Conuuct of
the Indians generally has been orderly, and
their relations with their neighbOrs friendly
and peaceful two local disturbances have OC.
CARED which were deporable in Their cIaIac
ter, but rcmained happily, confined to a com.
paralivrly small numper of lnolans. The dis.
content OmOlG the BahnOck. which led first TO
some aCts Ot violence on the pa OF some mem.
bets Of the tribe and rnaily TO the OutDreak np
pears to have been caused by an insnificirncy
OF food Cn the re- ervatiOn, and this iusuificency
appropriations, mace Ivy COngrpssto 10 Tie wants
OF the Indians at a time when the Indians we're
prevented from supplying the deficiency by
nnntln". Atler an 1fduOus pursuit by the
troops Of the United States and several cngape.
menis, the hostile lndlaus were rec uced 10 sub.
1tcllOn. ana tho larger part of them surrender.
cd themselves as prisoners In thus cunncCtlon
| desire 10 call attention TO the rrcommenda
tlou. MADE by the Secretary of the IhterlSr TIL [
y sut1clcnt tund he placed mt the disposal OF the
Executive, to be used, with proper accountable.
ny, at discretion, III sudden emergencies of the
The other case Of disturbance was that of n
band OF NOIthetn Chevenuos who suddenly left
theft reservation in the Indian rrtr thry yhd
marched rapidly through the States OF Kansas
and Nebraska in the direction of their old hunt
lng.er0undS, committing murders aud other
panNiDg the report OF the Secretary of the IN
terror 1t appears that this disOrderv band was
as tul'y supplied with the necessaries of life ms
the four thousand seven hundred ,ther Indlnns
VINO renamed quietly on the reservation and
that inc disturbances was caused by men of
rest ess ana miSchievous disposition among the
indlons Them elves. Almost the Whole OF this
nand nave surrendered TO tie military authori.
ties, nd II Is a gratifying ct hat when s1me
OF them had taken cfuEe in tne camD of the
RED Cloud Sioux with whom they rad been In
friendly elatiOns 'the sioux heI0 them Ss nris
Onei ana reaGiy v gave them up to tie officers
Of Tho L n1tCd states, thus giving new proOf of
me loyal spn1t winch. nlal ming rumors to the
shown ever since the wishes they expressed at
the council OF september, 1877. had been com.
Both tho Secretary OF the Intor;or md the
secretary OF War unite in the IccunmonatiHn
tnal provision be made Dv Congress for The or.
ganiz 'ti9n Of corps OF mounted Indians aux.
iarlcs," to be under the control OF tho eTmy.
aud to be used for tho purpose of keeping Ihc
Indians on their reservations nnd preventing or
repIeSslng disturbance OIL their part. [ earn.
esttly concur III tins recommendation. II is be.
heyed that the orEanlSltlOn of such body of
lnulA cavalry receiving moderate nav from
the Governments, would cOnside ably wcaken
the restless element among the iudii ms by
Withdrawing from. Il number Of Young men
AHu SlNlhg them congtnIal employment under
he Government 1t beng amatter OF eXperi.
euce lnut lnulAnS III our service almost wuhuIt
exception are Ia thlul IN the pei fJrmauce OF The
duu2s assigned to them. S"ch ap uT.ranizaii0n
would internally aud the army i'll the accom-. !
Dllshmenj Of n task tOr which its numerical
strength Is sometimes lOund insufficient.
But, while the emp.oYmeht OF force tor the
prevention or repression of Indian troubles is |
OF occasional necessity, and wise pieparalion
should be Uiane to that end, greater Igliance
must DC placed on humane and civiizng az en-. /
the Indian problem 1t n ay he very 0ificult /
ana require much patiept effort, to curb the un.
lulY spirltoi me savage lndIan 10 the restraints
OF clNllACd NE, biH experience shows th It j.
not impossible, Many OF the tribes winch are |
now quiet and orderly ard scif.supporilng were |
once once ~ savafe as any that at present roam over
The plains or In the mountains OF the far west
ana were then considered Inaccessible TO civil !
" nc Influences. II may be impossible 10 raise |
thcm u ~ un 70 tho level of tne wh,ts pGfiula
non OF the United states, but we should moi
forget thnt they are the aOOrlglnes o the conn. /
Try ana called me sol their own on when our /
beOpo nave grown rich, powerful ana happy |
We owe 10 TO them as a moral duty to hclD tnem |
IN ATTAINING at least that degree of civilization /
winch they may be able to reach 1t ls MOI only |
our duty-it Is also Our intorest 10 do So. IN
dIaus who have become agricultutists or lac rdd. .
men, anu feel IN interest in property. viii .
ing clement IL is also Il northumberland
I!ct that lndlans Ire apt to be pGaceahle nd |
guiet when .g their children arc at scnoof, ana .
mn EraIlneu 10 know, tom tho CSpre sdns of .
lnHians themselves, ana from many concur ng
reDor s. that there Is steadily increasing de
slle even among tle Indians belonging 20 co N.
pOratvely wild tribes, 10 have thpir chiidtTn
educated. l invite attention to the reports OF /
I tho secretary oI inc lnterlOr a1d the Commits .
slonef OF lhdan Affliis, touching the oxpeTi.
ment recently inaugurpted in taxing tiftv In.
ulan chlldren boys nnd girls from Different
IrlDes, TO the Hampton Normal Agricultural .
Institute in VITgni where they nre TO rgesiye
an elementary EnPlish educ atom and training
IN IN hsl cnltuIe ana Other useful work, TO be re
turned 10 their Tribes, after the completed
course, as interpreters instructors and exam.
PICS; ,, IL Is reported that the officer charged !
win the selection OF those children mi ght have
had thousands of young Indians sent with him