The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-09-03
AS SEEN ABROAD.
English Estimate of American In
ventions Shown at Paris.
GENIUS AND IT'S APPLICATION
How the World Utilizcs and Ptrlccts What Is
Discovered in the United States.
From the London rimss.1


Il NAV almost certainly predicated OF any modern
mechanical congress the Americans will carry oil
the palm novel and ingenious application OF force
10 practical purposes, the substitution OF mechanism
tor hand labor in aud curious contrvances,
which to the amateur in such matters surprise a.
much by the ways which old problems are
attacked by fine way in which tho work IS done
Tue mass OF invention and practical result from 1t
produced By the Americans within the century, and
especially tho last twenty or thirty years,
10 so great and SO important In results that
presents an important problem in political
sconomy-one especially interesting TO Engiishmen,
as American mechanism Is o0shoot from English,
oshoot peculiar In its character that nero
heredity will not quito explain 1t. traveller IN the
New World said that the most interesting thing
In America it's Americanism, and SO we may say
that curious feature OF American mechanics
Is its dstiuctveiy American feature. AS mechanical
science progresses the greater and moro important
Inventions become elaborated by and property Of
The nztion who push science fnrtbest In Its
detrimental studies The result is forcsoen, studied
ana developed with method and certainty, and great
industrial revolutions effected with ain and
almost calcuabe progress In this process England mas
long led, ana still loads the world owing TO favorable
conditions oil capital and labor Fulton built tho
Ine and most important advances steamship
building English, and the great mass OF the stea
ufoat are English. The first monitor was Ameri-
put the puny craft OF that construction across
The Atlantic would all down before OF the last
English build; and though kodman and Dahlgren In
Btuted the experiments 10 which we owe most OF the
present Knowledge OF the power OF artillery and gun
powder English artillery has LEFT the practical trans
Atlantic results out OF the chance OF competition.
BENEFITS OFFICE.
There can be no question that the efficiency and
moderate cost Of patent right protection in America
should the greater of the credit Of this
pense activity. Invention pays and the action OF
the patent laws is SO secure and equitable
x
pense OF securing patent Ia SO small that tho capital
required for preliminary enterprise is within reach
OF almost every inventor. patent right is tho Ell
Dorado OF the New Highlander, and thousands delve
there with an assiduty no mere love OF In
priori concIusiop, but opinion based on
ycirs OF intercourse with the nventing Yankee,
experience OF the working OF tho American
pateaI system, which, II perfect. far advance
Of that OF any other country that we may safely say.
brought It's own reward Tho economy OF wages from
labor saving machines the United States is almost
taken out in England alone must constitute i'm
portant item in the finances of American industry.
WONDERFUL syAxKEEs."
Though the American collection at Paris is not
large mpared with those Ut other manufacturing
which illustrate the subtle mechanical genius SO well
recognized already that yankee" is almost
synonym OF inventor that It becomes 10 amateurs In
mechanism q most fascinating stroll, that among the
lutte ra.Iec-on spaces OF the American section-for
lew OF these contributions occupy more than u few
square icet Many OF them already widely
known--the writing machine, by which tho OPP
crator, touching u series OF keys like those Of an
accordion. prints mis- thoughts or text moro rapidly
than they can be written logiby with zen the
sewing machines. whose maine Is legion, and which
mere are illustrated by variations for special
work, little attachment to one making IL an en-.
broider,ng mace:ne OF curious elcency, and another
a plating m.chrnc. The telephone and photograph
are thcro aud peside them electric pen by
vcntor o! the Photographs pcn-whIch carrying
tiny clec tro motor at The TOP dr YES needle through
the paper IL, 500 times minute, forming stencil
sheet through which, with ar ink roller copies may
be PRODUCED moro rapidly than with a li,hographic
a n eyc ailenC wh bn 10 en-
FLEXIBLE AUouR
Finest type OF tho ~ anKce contrivancc Is the Stow
ls xple shalt for transferring power round corners
and OF the way places. One sees the operator
holding what seems at first sight TO De a small garden
hose but furnishe with augur mt its extremity,
with which he thrusts and bores IN every direction
over ms mead, under his fset, TO tho right, to the
leit-it upsets all ones ideas Of rigidity:
Pharaoh could not have been more surprised
than we were to see this ropeke affair eating Into
The pIanks all sides for 1t 10 work Ii Is as
good us a niece OF icgerdeman. 1t Is really "hexi-
bic shait'-i cable OF steel wires wound coat over
each successive coating in the reverse direction
from the preceding until the strength required is at
tsped and IN which longitudinal hexibilty Is CON-
biped with circumferential risidity.
DRAWING coRKs.
Close by II stands Clough Il Williamson's "wfrc
coIkscrew machine which catches n straight piece
OF steel wiro throws IL a eorkscrew of such
temper It may driven through an inch deal
plank aud not yield a hairs breadth. The deftest
waiter Will take as long 10 pull cork as this ma
shine TO make nall a dozen corkserews o. an exeep-
macbpc. which takes a rod OF iron, steel or
brass, and ny an automatic series oil operations
drops screws At the other end OF the machine. One
tool the point OF the rod down 10 the Dimensions
OF the screw, another cuts OIL leaving the head the
full rod another taxes IL IRON the last and
passes have the ghroad cut, cutter passes by
and leaves 1t slotted, another with four fingers
taxes and transfers IL to fth cutter, where the
head s finished whom still another teol comes to push
IT the placed 10 receive IT, No Intervention
Is needed until another rod IS wanted
A set OF snoemsking apparatus IN another enclosure
taxes the leather In the hide and turns out with
slight manual application, pair Of shoes sewed,
peggcd or screwed In about fifteen minutes. These
mschin mes, with the exception OF one Tor sewing on
the VOLT at the Vienna Exhibition and were bot
ter arranged and displayed than hero.
novel planning machine shows a revolving cutter
Oxod in a disk which is, by means OF elbow ar
rangement OF bands and pulieys, moved In any direo
ton over the board 10 10 plapeo, giving very
markable finish to the surface. In general however,
the wood working apparatus is not 80 interesting as
at Vienna
AMERICAN GOLD PENS.
They who have learned to use ine American gold
pens will appreciate the excellence OF the only better
substitute the gray quill but the nice pro-
ccsses by which ts perfection attained will be less
tssily understood sheet OF highly tempered steel,
stamped out In the required form, almost as The pens
DO used gives idea OF tho processes by which
elastic pcns with points which, ike the elasticity,
endure Tor indefinite years. These words
vienna Are from tho Ean,Otion Of 1873, ana
In use almost continuously ever since without tho
ngs, the value OF the gold being perhaps bali OF that
sum. The process by which II produced Is not
Of scientific ELABORATION or brilliant INVENTION but
Of lnborious experiment and thoroughocss and con-
scentiousness OF manufacture which not gcn-
rraiiy disposed 10 credit American manufacturers
with. FIRST, an alloy 10 formed which DO
hammered 10 a degree Of hardness when makes
u almost incapable OF iurther Impression IRON The
hammer rho pen reduced TO It's general form by
the die then receives point by alloying with
friaiuin OF almost adanantno hardness, which Is
then cut into aud the slit produced, when tho
pen IN hammered TO tho hirhsst point OF elias
iscty, the peculiar alloy used being, u said, one
ebtcb will oondensc under the hammer without
SPREADING until II has received the maximum OF
density alluded TO, and the pen is then burnished
Into shape under n burnishcr giving pressure OF
about a hundred pounds weight the effect Of winch
IL TO secure shape hnaly gwen against usage,
BY cqualzing the density oil the metal throughout
Alter a uso OF those pens OF various man uacturcrs
running over period OF more than twenty Years OF
literary occupation am able 10 say that not one has
over Jailed except from gross Ill treatment The
hbi,s of gold pens Indispensable and charac-
terstIc part any collection Of tho important Amer
lcnn Ind