The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1878-03-28

Is countless, and it would require too
much of our time to enter into a
detailed description of them. But
the principle in all of them is to
extract as much fluff and small parti-
cles of bran as possible. There is
however, a marked difference in the
treatment Of small middlings and
large middlings, and the machines for
the latter operation differ in principle
from those used for the publication
of small middlings. This is a point
which millers must keep in view
when adopting the system Of gradual
reduction.
I think it necessary to state here
that / consider the word ''middlings'
as embracing all kinds Of granular
starchy particles, from the largest
size obtained by the system Of high
grinding to the finest size produced by
other system and it is a m%isconcep-
ton to think that middlings produced
under the fi~at-grinding system are
different from middlings produced
under the high grinding system.
Since the size of middlings produced
by the high-grinding system varies
from No. 90 to No. S(Swiss silk cloth
and that of middlings produced under
the fat-grinding system varies from
No. 4 to No. s, of course the middlings
of the last-named system are more
uniform in size; but on comparing the
middlings of the same size Of both
systems. no difference will be detected
as to their nature.
The high-grinding millers, having
for their aim the greatest possible
production of large-sizeu middlings.
neglected, to some extent. the
publication of the small middlings.
such as are produced by the flat
grinding system; whereas. in France,
where flat-grinding produced only
small middlings, the publication of
the latter received a greater degree Of
attention. Machines like those Of
Benoit, Cabanes, and Perrigault, in.
troduced into French mills since
1880, have not been excelled in their
principle of action by any Of the latter
purifiers, and have been adopted
throughout the world with a greater
or lessnumber of notifications.
On the other hand. quite a distinct
mode of operation is required for an
efficient publication of large-sized
middlings. The grading and sizing
of these middlings is far more i'm
portant than in the cas- of those
produced by the iat-grinding system.
and therefore the construction of the
machines intended for this purpose is
of a more elaborate character. COM
bining sleeves, exhaust blast centrifu-
gal action. and grading az to specific
weight. The system of gradual re-
duction which has been treated of in
former articles requires a larger
number of purifiers OF various kinds,
as the production of middlings is
greater. and their size varies consider
ably. III this system, the grading
and sizing of middlings is one of the
most essential features. and the
deliberately it is carried out, the more
remunerative will it prove.
BY gradually reducing wheat we are
able to size the middlings not only as
to volume, but alsoa as to their location
in the kernel. and thus according to
their color. Keeping this in view,
each class of middlings produced by
the different grinding operations will
be treated by itself. and consequently
the number of machines employed
will be comparatively large, although
their dimensions are smaller. the work
being equally distributed over a
greater number of machines.
The middlings once sized, graded
and purified. are not to be mixed
again. but ought to be subjected
separately to the grinding action. so
as to produce the best possible quality
of flour. which may afterwards either
be kept separate as a high, choice
brand, or mixed according to the
requirements of the market. Com
plicated as these operations may
appear at first sight. in reality the
system which they compose is AS
simple as any other mode of milling
in existence. and Il be made to do
perfect work automatically. The
advantage of keeping the various
grades of middlings and flour separate
until the end of the process must be
clear to every miller who has expe-
rienced how convenient it is to have
the largestcontrol over his production
ol flouT.
With very few exceptions the
grinding Of middlings has been &C.
complished until the last three or
four years entirely by millstones. and.
in fact. ven now the milestone is
mainly used for the purpose. Rollers
however, are doubtless a much better
instrument for performing this
operation: and taking into considera.
ton the advantages which they offer
over the milestone. it seems rather
difficult to imagine a reason why their
adoption by millers is going on SO
slowly. comparatively. Rollers for
the grinding of middlings we're EN-.
ployed as early as 1885 in German,
Hungarian. and Italian mills, and
especially in the ..Pesther Walz
Muhle" at Pesth in Hungary. where
the system of gradually reducing the
wheat has been in successful operation
from that time to the present. How.
ever, the construction of the roller
machines employed at that time was
so complicated. and the machines
subjected to so much wear and tear
that the system never grew into
rorarc3 ,,-a .r$f 1874 r~I-r r.-