New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-02-08
wife who at last destroyed FOR Plus the patrmony OF
st. Peter.
THE ITALIAN INVASION.

IA $50. .,,attar of cours, that when war was de-
clared against Germany the French troops sho"" NC
Withdrawn from Rome. The evacuation was coW-
| plet.d on the 1 tn of August. Tie Itaah "o'or"-
meut had already issued It's proclamation renewing
tbe strpulations Of the September Convention, py
which il was pledged to defend Rome against any
forei,u inyadop. This caused great fermentation
among the Republicans of Italy, and IL was evident
that unless some measures were speedily taken the
reic,s both Of Victor Emanuel and Of Plus k were
ot an end But the Pope, true to his impracticapic
no,cv stigIy refused TO listen to any compromise.
Tho King wrote 10 him a most dutiful and suDnis-
sve letter offering terms of establishment IN Rome
which would guarantee his entire spiritual freedom
and authority to winch his Holiness made the ioi-
lowing characteristic reply-tle most extraordinary
defiance ever uttered in Guch extremity:
To Ei.a yiCroR EMANUEL U-IoT Majesty: Count
pouza di gan Martino consigned TO me the letter
YONG Majesty was pleased to address me- ou' IL ~ I'M
worthy An aectionate who gories in processing the
Catholic faith shall not enter into the details OF
your letter, TO avoid ewal OF that deep sorrow IL
caused me. / give thanks to God, who has permitted
Your Majesty MI the last days Of my life with bitterness
For the rest grant certain requests or conform
with certain principles contained in your letter AEaiu
call upon God and into Iiis hands commit my cause
which is His cause 7 pray God to grant you many
races to you from danger, aud to dispense to you
His mercy which You much need.
Given at the Vatican September il, 1870
PIUs p. p. TX.
OCCUPATION OF PAPAL TERRITORY
The King Of Italy had resource but to order the
immediate occupation of the Papal territory. Gen.
Cadorna advanced to the walls of Rome with but
trtng opposition, and fixed his army in position on
the 10Th of September The Pope gave orders to
Gen. Kauzlcr to surrender when breach had been
made in the walls This was done on the morning
Of the 2Oth aud the papa army at once capitulated
CARDINAL Antonelli made the conventional protest to
the European Powers. kauzler issued an address OF
farewell, disbanding the Papal army Cadorna an
exultaut order Of the day. aud the mimic war was
ended. A Provisional Government was set on foot
preparations for the Plebiscitum made and, on
the ID of October vast majority decided IN favor OF
annexation to the Kingdom OF Italy. population
went 10 Florence to communicate this result to the
King. FIo received them graciousy, and made a
speech az once Italian and Catholic saying that IN
both these capacities he had proclaimed Italian
unity. and remained firmly resolved to guarantee
tine liberty Of the Church and the independence OF
the Sovereign Ponlif. royal decree soon an
aouneed the annexation. Gen. La Marn0ra was sent
60 Rome 10 take possession. and The Royal Family
were not long in visiting their lOng-coyctcd capital
whence they had been 80 long banned and pro
scribcd.
The DECREE or INTALIIBILITY.
The Pope mover relaxed in his firm protest against
this inevitable revolution He always steadily re-
fused o receive the Sandman princes, or to enter
into any arrangement with them lie yielded merely
to force and evidently enjoyed ms martyrdom much
NOR, than King Victor Emanuel did bis victory.
For the first year efter his dethroncment the Pope
talked 81 various changes of residcnce-of Malta Of
Ay,puon. and even OF Saint Louis. But this was
probably never serious. His great age prevented
any such adventure If there were no other reasons
aaainst IT, In 1869 he celebrated his Golden We'd
ding with the Church, and two years after still
more significant festival his attainment OF the
year, of Peter quarter Of century Of Pontiiical
ru't The completion OF thu thirtIeth year OF the
pontiicae of Plus conceded with the great feast OF
Corpus DOmn on which occasion The Cardinals,
Tie Roman nobility, and representatives OF the
Catholic Powers presented their congratulations.
He said % them that the Church must triumph aud
the Revolution perish. He thus maintained, rs he
has always done the claims Of his great office, and
refused To compromise with those whom he re-
-arIcd rs the enemies Of the Church-supportng
the dignity of what must in spite Of circumstances,
Dr. still considered OF the most powerful bodies
in Europe. This year also assembled the twentieth
Frumcnical Council which met December ;.
Ore Of Inc most important questions discussed and
determined by this body. that IF Papal iniall-
bility. After long debate, the final decision was
arrived M 90 the 18Th Of July, 4Jl voting Tor the
decree without modification ~ voting content in
part =" and ~ entirely against the chapter in
fallibility The dogma held to be diyucly revealed
il that the PontG when he speaks cr-cqthedra and
defines a doctrine regarding faith and morals TO be
held by The universal church. IL possessed of that
infallbility with which the Divine Redcemer willed
that has church should be endowed for defining doc
trines regarding faith and morals and that, there
tore such definitions irreiOrmable Of Them
selves aud not by consent of the church. hut the
Pope is exempt from in only capacity, that
is when as teacher of the whole church i'll faith and
morals he speak, from the chair of Peter. On the
3d Of June 1877, was celebrated By the Catholic
body the Gftieth anniversary OF the episcopate of
Pius IL.
PRIVATE LIFE or THE POPE.
The private lifo Of the Pope during his scclusion
has been frequently described. Personally of great
simplicity of habits he maintained proper de-
gre Of state He early, passed the first hours
IN DEVOTION breakfasted lightly. and gave the day
TO correspondence and TO official audiences. To
those who were introduced TO him he spoke with
great kindness aud Protestalt5 who came into his
presence remarked that he addressed them as his
children. In tho brief cxhortat0n which he uttered
lpon taking leave of his visitors he careful u
use words which. while profitable, would offend
none In familiar intercourse with his official fam
ly he was fond Of reconnting the incidents OF his
early career aud tine pcrlls aud hardshps which he
then encountered. Many anecdotes are re.ated of
his wit After a day devoted mainly to business
and 10 the offices of religion. he retired and spent
the Remainder of his waking hours, until 10
| o'clock in strict secusion aud meditation All ac-
count, concur in representing HIM rs of n most
cradle figure, with a face fall of kindness and
bcneyOlcnce.
HIS rciqn one Of the most remarkable in length IN
the long line of spiritual soyerogns was still more