davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
TIE TEACHERS ASSOCIATION.

A DISCUSSION on COMPULSORY EDUGA fI0S-GOy-
RRNoR RoBINsoS's COMMENTS on THE STATE
SCHOOL SYSTEM SHARPLY CRITICISED.
ALBANY, July 10.--At the session of the
Teachers Association this morning. the report of the
Committee Improved Methods Of Education was read
by Principal Malcolm NcYiokar. OF P0tsdam the chair
man. Anon n jse Who took part in the discussion Of
the report VT Messrs Alien. Curtis, and Ross. Mr.
Henry Kiddle. superintendent OF the New-York
City Schools. followed next with an address
on Compulsory Education" Along disseusion followed
after which resolution. declaring the compulsory law
a failure and recommending an amendment Of the old
yagabond act was referred to the Committee on Resou
tons Professor jerome Allen, OF Geneseo, made re-
port for the Committee Home for Disabled Teachers
The report was followed by paper on the Present
Status of the Township Question" which was read bye
W. Bardeen. recess was then taken.
The common and graded school session met az 2i9 p.
m and was called 10 order by Professor Jerome Allen
chairman The association attended as Committee OF
the Whole In the absence of A. T. Chapin, OF warsaw,
who was read paper on " Economy IN Tue Pub
lie schools" Principal Thomas B. Lowell OF tuca was
called on, aud he read the paper next IN order
"O What Extent Shall the State Educate r. The paper
sharply criticised the comments OF Governor Robinson IN
his last annual message on the senool system
and lila ayerment that common school education was
ieent and main taued that instruction In the second
ory or higher English branches should also DC pfOVoed
for by the state Professor Beebe reaq paper on the
Method of Teaching Arithmetic, withn Tatohs on inc
bloekboard SUPERINTENDENT N A. C0lkI OF NeW-1ork,
read n papsr on Methods OF Teaching Reading alter
which another recess was taken
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
STATE ROARn OF AUDIT.

A1R,NY. n. Y, July 10.-The following
sas we're heard before the State Board Of Audit to-
day: ,v
Francis Swift for work done Quarantine Island NO.
Q 500, 1915 IL. Reserved. . o., f,ooou,is-
Bank OF Monroe. for the payment OF Canal Comini'
sioners certificate $4,000. Reserved -, -, o-.,.
Sfsnhen r. Washburn, for damages caused by over, over
anw in the Hudson River on account Oh roP"nS W Wv
Albany basln sos ,92S Al EeserveS L, 5oo Passed
William III. Cox, for legal services, Sl,9Oo. - w r
Mary W. Woolett and another, or balance uue " -
woolett architect on the Eimira he'or"ia'''' VA
500 Reserved , ,t.n,,rso,,opts aurine the
draft of S62 1856. Submitted on briefs. -. s-,o
William Tate, for damages To eahai Oo", P''V
JoLn NJ Peck for the refundlng OF an erroneous SA'
$50 AZ. Postponed over the term -, Aha renart-
Iames C. Barron for services rendered tue DNb"'
ment OF Public Instruction $1125. Argued; ,.hod
John Hickey. for eompepsati iot s moosiS i"
in the Eaton investigation, Sl,lVs" G,o Armory
FIJI Eegeston, for publishing concurrent resolutions
scree hitchcock for military services in 1862 $3.50
Passed. .. an so,ar, an 1877 and
Edwin H. Frederick $500. for defending sut As s"p'
iniendent. over the term. -. :, r,ar,uz
W. W. Pendleton ana a. U5ara lar osaen. s,a
sien6ep Hayes Sl97 so for stenographic fees
The city OF Uuea $3.50 IL for an unpaid ioeai ''''
meSa Rn5ert r. Oliver s2s7s 4s for labor aad materials
,urnished in repalring the old Capitol DuldlDg
ID. O. Mcmillan, $I14 T5 for stenographie ser'"''
E NJ Stone s257 07 percentage on school moneys
collected by him as County Treasurer. Passed. oa
Henry Smith, S., $50 so for head-money rsss rs0 the
Mary Raw 5000 for damages resulting H9ns H9p.ssd
milling OF John Ray st the new Capitol bulding go
Mcnaei Top s2eooS ~ n dSs sor prcspecTe prOa
| an mason work nc the Elmira hei0fma"V v"
nulied contract. Argued
| Adjourned until 10 o'clock tomorrow norn'H'
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
sECRET4RY SHERM4YS VISIT
A CONFERENCE TO BE HELD WITH BANKERS UPON
THE SUBJECT or RESUMPTioN-THE sECRE'
TARY's MOVEMENTS YESTERDAY.

A CONFERENCE TO BE HELD WITH BANKERS UPON
THE SUBJECT or RESUMPTIoN-THE sECRE-
TARY's MOVEMENTS YESTERDAY.
Secretary Sherman, who arrived III this city
on Tuesday, spent considerable part OF the
day at the Custom House yesterday. He
first went 10 the Treasury accompanied by United
States Treasurer Glhllan and Mr.. BabcOck
Among those who met him there were General Hit
house George f. Baker. president OF the First National
Bank. Ernest b. Lucke, OF August Belmont Co..
bankers lie was afteTward at the Custom House for
several hours aud the afternoon there were whispers
OF very important action impending After the close or
Snsinsss tne Secretary went TO Coney Island In n
revenue cutter, accompanied by the surveyor OF
tue Port Congressman McCook Webb G. Hayes
son OF the President, and few personal friends, ana
spent the night a the Hotel Brighton. lie VIII meet a
number bankers the Subfreasnry this morning 10
confer about resumption on saturday ne WIN probably
turn TO Washington In order to appear ef0re the Po-
In conYersaton with TRIBUNE reporter yesterday,
Secretary Sherman said that his visit 10 Newfork was
chiefly for recreation, but while here he proposed 10
compare notes resumption with financial men, IN
order that plan might be devised oy Snieh yoiun-
tary and permanent resumption might be accom-
plished. The country was practically AZ tue
door OF resumption, the premium on gold being
mere fraction which e3ua DC %peu Sst out he SrSuosd
10 place the sale OF the remaining per cent
bonds In the hands OF a Syndicate This, he said,
would Se m Sno could advance the price
Aside this confederation he said that II was totally
unnecessary as the subscriptions TO the popular loan
were coming IN In n very encouraging way, and would
increase greatly during the remainder OF the year
III was reported yesterd ay that proposition would be
| made to Secretary sherman today oy three
| for the sale OF the remaining $4,000 900
| 4Ia per cent bonds under tho Resumption ACT.
banker who supposed TO be Interested In TINS plan
declined 10 converse the subject yesterday, saying
am not at liberty speak the matter az present
ana can only say that there Ia foundation for tho report
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
YACHTING NTH an EXCESS OF WIND

PoUR BOATS CAPsIzED BY A soUALL in THE Nh"-
BURG REGATTA-REsUL1s OF THE RACE.
NrwgURG. n. Y, July 1O.-The fifth an
nual regatta OF the Newburg Bay Yacht Club came on
to-day in the presence Of immense thronSs OF spee'
tors on both sides of the river There were thrtyt"O
entries in the four classes the length OF ''e boats rang
ing from II to 32i9 feet Twenty yachts started. Inc
start was made with light southeast wind and epo
tide The race well contested, and the scene was
ncturesoue There were two squalls during the race
cconnapied by thunder storms. The first sdnall cap
sized four yachts but their crews were all rescued Dur
inc the second squa there several narrow escapes
and most of the vessels shortened sail put no yaeh me-
Sanszed Only nine Of the starters nnished anu 'ne
przes, all OF which were gold COIN were nSu 81
RIicws: Flrst-elass-$I25 TO the William h brO"' u
Nybnro which beat the Breeze, OF TottenVlle' o L.
and tae Flyaway, of Ulster Park CORRECTED une 80.
g., iOs Spconlcass-S75 to the Clara >, Oh ~
York the only vessel of the class which inished & h'
an al m los Thlrd-olass 10 the George D. Dsan'
~ NewYork which beat the Excelsior, of hew-bflgn
Ton Time, All 22m sos. FOurth-claSs-S2o 20 Sr ane
Hrntbers of Jersey City, beating the Hope, OF Ne"'
Brighton. Time, 3h. 4Sn. os.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
ATLANTA UNIVERSITY

ITS SUCCESS IN EDUCATING THE NGsp-THE MEN
WHO FOUNDED TITS PRESENT NEEDS.
ATLANTA, Ca, July 8.-The University Of
Atlanta was originated by few men who believed that
the only way 10 prove whether the negro race Is "ree
and eoualv as related to the white was to give him
lust tho same advantages. All students should haye'
they believed the same privileges whether they were
white or black. The University was founded IN ls67'
and is open to all persons Of either SEX without regard
70 "seet race color nationality In june 1902 the
cornerstone was laid of the first building which was
occupied in the following October. The next year
another and larger building was completed Tue uus-
tees secured as president Edmund A Ware Yale grad
nate who stood high in his class and who has given hs
whole life to this work The professors aim at reaenhs
"A high grade OF studies may be found ut any New
England college There added to the college anu
sceptfc courses preparatory and normal courses 'o
latter meeting the immediate demand ior ueachers
throughout the State The professors say they have as
good recitations they used to hear at the No anu
find the students earnest and faltnfuL
IT must have been very lonely work for the lew men
and women who have been with the University from Its
beenning The Southern people have held alooii they
did not approve of educating the negro at all at s AZ
istre that in 1874 bill almost unanimously passed
by the Georgia Legislature making an annual approprla
ton of % OOO but this was act equitaby to ADJUST
the claims Of the eoored people TO share OF tho ag
cuIfura land Scrip so that it only the paymehtO OIL
claim and the people seemed take little pride In
their fourshng University But at the time OF the In
ternational sunday-schOOl Convention the Georglans
ound that the great place OF interest TO the ueega
yss tbat same University. Generals from the army anu
men who stood high IA teachers aud authors visited u,
talked to the students and dined win them,
bOth students and professors Dy ther eoIai ~ Si
Students' expenses for their support are Only SII "a
month"; as they work for the University az least Jig
bonr nay Most OF them depend for their support upoh
what they earn by teaching in the summer mOntns.
one OF the alumni who minister, SENDS every %
25 or more to help some struggling studehs a. S eno
6eoinning OF the Fall term, when the students law
come in their summer work 81 teacnng' ei i mis-
vai Give TeDorts of their work They go as real mis-
ones for they have learned TO love order ana rehhe %
ment In their home at the University, yer Inss oi1 a az
graded people There pressing aud immaculate neee %
ior an addition to the Ladies Han at te Aa hoots
,ers,Iv. endowmeuts, scholarships, reference DOoks,
mans tus etc. are needed. Any help great or
en- aU WI encourage the earnest workers there be-
de This the students will be glad 20 use D0oAs VI
papers in their summer teachings wieh iane' t ,Ss m
,,ras,jent of the University, Edmund A ware A. NJ
htISnta Ga and Ill be gratefully acknowledged
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11

Allen, OF Illinois The next paper, :" Visible Speech"
read by Professor L. A. Butered Of Massachusetts
and was ustrated by diagrams. Tonetaro Megat Jap.
apese Commissioner Of Education TO the unitrd ates
pronounced his native language to the Institute and his
articulation was written blackboprls in symbols OF
the phonetic alphabet Mr. Baitsra"ld gnd others un-
cerskandng the sJstrm pronounced the langa the
board with wonder accuracy. Dudley - Warren the
president OF the BOsiOn University
paper: Joint end Disjointed Education IN The lubtc
Schools"
The members OF the Institute will spend tonight on
tSe summit OF Mount Washington.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
KINGS COUNTY GREENBACK ADVOCATES
CHARACTER OF THE PROMINENT MEMBERS OF TIE
ORGANIZ ALTON.

The National Greenback and Labor party
in Kings County has an organization in every ward
and town II IL claimed by its leaders that the MEMBER
ship OF the various ward and town clubs aggregates
nearly 900 and they hope TO poll larger vote
at the election this FALL They propose to nominate can
datcs for every Office, and will make an especial enor
TO secure the election Of their nominees 20 the Assembly,
Many OF the members OF this party IN sympathy
with the views of the Sociaste Labor party ana Soo
OF them connected with both organizations, ,,,
Oscar r. Burton, the president OF the Central ConcI
Of tho party Kings County 10 the freight agent Oh Ine
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad company ~ , no, 81
Broadway in this city. lie Is native or TINS COUNTY
and was formerly a Republican. He began TO support
the Greeuback movement In 1857, ana has wfl.Em e
number OF pamphlets the subject among thein Ihe
Curse Of Gold and "Tbe History Of Money Recently
he Joined section OF the SOeialtsc Labor party anu III
the parade OF that party on July ne marcheu III tn
Dr. Thomas s. Henderson, dentist, Is native of Ire
land aud has been IN tins country sixteen yeais he
was member of the FenHn Council ana Colonel OF tne
Irish Legion. He founded the 81. Patncks Mutual AN
in Kings County. He was formerly msmDep @ oi
tne regular Democratic General Committee, Oht ne says
q at be never voted straight Democratic ticket VI MS
life Subsequently be identified with the Indepen-
dent movement led by General IL. ". Sloci,n alu lS-
manned in that organ zatOn after GeBbral Sl0clh eit
IT, Last Autumn he nominated for Coroner ny thlS
party the nomination was approved by the Rspnbli-
cans and hy the Workngmens Union, but Or. HendeI
son was defeated 10y the regular Democratic candluhe
John II. Fields and Dennis DetWin were -, HhSrg lily
DemOcrats they members OF the SOCIallsuc Lhoor
Thomas Burke is a promiSent Irish Nationalist .,,,
Thomas Crown IL "a we'll l-gnOwn tradcs-inlOn man ana
az old member OF tbc WOTklngDen's party. - ,o,,
Dennis Brown was nc one time captain ~ tHG o5lh
Regiment He u a member OF the 81 falrlek mutu"i
Edward Gallagher Was regular Democrat and an
active trades-uniOn man. He Is Socialist.
John l. O'Bdcu formerly Democrat Dut i9f
years he has been IN favor OF labor mo'emrht LII n9
i0Lcd the SOcialisc party few weeks ago he l5 "eh
known as n temperance lecturer. . ,,
A e. Lawrence is the Editor OF me Bro1Ety Gd-ee, M
a Greeuback paper, whose motto -; lIuntolhie re-
dcmption of all bonds IN iul egaltegder GeenoaeAsi
national banks; no moro bonds or interest,"
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11

THE WAY TO PREVENT ALL GRUMBLNG.-
Bright eyed Attendant to Crnsty Old Gentleman who
has diBed and paidlH0pe you liked your dnnsr, sir
Old Gentleman-Liked itf-NO! Your corned beef is
aetionabe your boiled turkey execrable your potatoes
fractional, and everything else. tPansesl. Bright
eyed Attendant-WeIl sIrf Old Gent-Hum- a ut
Iactablef lsixpence extral.-IJudy.
Two Germans met in San Francisco recently.
After an afectonate greeting the following dialogue
ensued: Fen you said you hef arri-edp Yesterday
came dot Isthmus acrOssp "NO." "Ohl den you come
dot land overt" "Ho." "Den you hef not arrived"
sOh, veal lief arrived. como dot Mexico through"
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11


Mr.. Haywood was a native of SOuthwell.
England, and was widely known throughout this conn
try as the manufacturer of the celebrated PaiO
Alto iron rats used on number Of the
principal railroads. He was blacksmith by
trade. He came TO the United states when
about twentY-four years Of age, and. after sew
eraI unsuccessful attempts to establish busi-
ness settled IN POttsyiile. he worked for a
time as a iOurueyman but In 1888 be puT-
chased the first steam engine put up IN Schuyl-
kin County, and started machDc-ShOp. In 1888 the
firm OF Hay wood Snyder formed, and the business
Of building steam engines mining machinery. etc,
was begun an extended scale. since lhen
the business has largely lncreaS al. Tie hrm
made the first set of rolls used in the United states Tor
the manufacture of rails. and constructed the hrst a
paratus for saving hot iron In addition TO his machine
business Mr.. Haywood carried ON extensive mining
operations for tlme but in 1880 he sold out MS
mine interests aud went California, where at Sonora,
ne erected the first saw-miN put mp In the
state outside OF San Francisco. He organ
lied the san Francisco Mechanics Institute,
and was its president until he jeff California.
About 1855 he sold his business In California, returned
to PottsYlle, ana purchased an interest III the PmO
Alto Rolling AiI. Mr. Haywood was active IN politics
as a WING aud a Republican. hut always declined TO
hold Office lie Of the commissioners Tor organ
izing the Union Pacific Road.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
THE APPALACHIAN CLUB.

FABYAN, n. H., July 1O.-The Nth ned
held this afternoon by the Appalachian Clu0
Of Boston. Among the pape-s read were the following
Insects of Hgh Attitudes" by O. SsGade l.s wntp 2.
nSan ~ Boston >" Work OF the Coast survey OF
, NsH. ,.Hampsnire." by Professor Il. 4. QuimDy'
mi" evepng nj The FSbyan House, essay on A91n-
tain snmmlts aud scenery read aud illustrated "
Professor w. Ii. Niles.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11

topher Ties IN the chair. The principal business was
nrsferripg charges against Eugene Beebe, who Is mem
her of the Committee Organization and VINO was a
saulied by The" Allen at the last meeting OF the .en
eral Committee The following preamble anu resoiu'io"
adopted:
Hhsreos charges have been publicly made agams
NJ of Organization
Reebe for RECEIVING due authority from the
proper ocers National party and Of appropriang he
RsoicSd That committee Of five be appointed to nves
gate said charges .
Mpssrs watts, Knubei, sayres, Reyckman and o'Keaf
were made the committee.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
THE REV. sERAPHM sCHEMMEL.

The Rev. Seraphim SchemmeI, 5. j., Pro
fessor OF Philosophy and Theology in the College OF st
Francis Xavier, in this city, ded at early honr Tues
day morning. He born In AlFace IN 1917, was
ordained Bishop of asburg IN lS1l, and entered
the Society OF Jesus III 1850. In 1898 he came to
America.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
COMMENCEMENT WEEK AT powDoN.

BRUNswICK, Me-, July 10 The college,
,urh was fIed this after noon TO the address
hefore the Bowdon College Alumni, delivered oy tAe
HIM. 7 W. simonds, OF Portland THIS evening tae
rnmmencement concert and reunions OF the various
societies took place
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
THE GREENBACK AGITATION
OPINIONS. APPEALS AND ORGANIZATIONS.

THE GENERAL COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PARTY
ANXIOUS FOR HARMoNY-wHAT GENERAL EWING
EXPECTS THE GREENBACK MOVEMENT TO Ac-
CONIPIIsH.
The National party in this city is endeavor-
ing to complete its organization IN every AS
sembly District A mass-meeting is to be held
soon. at which General Ewing has been
asked TO speak. He puts high es-
innate on the strength of the Greenbaek
movement, but believes that the National party
will not get many recruits from the Democrats ID
Ohio
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
.IAMES ROY.

TROY, n. Y, July 9.-James Roy, prom-
neut manufacturer Of West Troy, died to-day lie was
sixty-nine years of age
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS.
YESTERDAYS CONVENTIONS.

THE UNIVERSITY CONvoCATION AT ALBANY-PRo-
FEssoR sEEYLR on coILKGE EDUCATION FOR
woMEN-oTHER GATHERINGS.
Professor Seelye's paper on college Education
for Women" received great attention at the oni-
versity ConvOcation in Albany yesterday. he be-
lieves co-education exerts injurious influence Oh
young women. Other interesting papers were
read and discussed at yesterdays sessions. In the
Teachers Association. compulsory education was
the chief topic of the day. The American rhiio-
logical Convention met at Saratoga. At the Faoyan
House, N. H., the American Institute ana the
Appalachian Club held meetings.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
CHARGEs AGAINST EUGENE BEEBE.

The members Of the National Greenback
party OF tho With Assembly District held meei-
ing last evening at No. l37 Bleeckcrst. with Chris
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
BENJAMIN HAYWOOD.

PoTTsvILLE, Penn, July 9.-BeDjamin Hay
wood old and prominent citizen OF this place, and
the proprietor Of the Palo Alto Iron Works near Potts
vile, died this morning after a short Illness.
New-York tribune., 1878-07-11
THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF NsTRUcrIo,


FABYAN House, n. H., July 10.-The sec
ond days session Of the American Institute OF Insue-
ton was opened by the reading OF paper by the Hon. j.
W. Corthell, OF Maine, entitled Examination OF
teachers necessity, because the character OF the
teacher depends the character OF the school, D. b. Ha
gar of read essay on the Examination
of Teachers" which followed by discussion OF the
subject by the Honw d. Hnkie OF Ohio, and Miss Mary
Middletown transcript., 1878-05-11

mers in particular, insisted that the
other fellow should lead the process
sion; but he hesitated and at that mo-
ment the train came putting round
the curve below, which caused us to
make hasty descent through mud
and brush to Coax Tree Station" We
arrived at the foot of the hill out OF
breath and still hungry, and our com
panions had the laugh at our expense.
Missouri is, perhaps, the only State in
the Union that can produce a swamp
upon the side Of a steep hill, but this
is frequently found in Northern Mis-
souri, owing to kind Of clay under
lying the soil which is impervious to
water. A hole dug in the ground is
just as water-tight as a cemented els
tern.
The narrow gauge road from Lex
ington to Kansas City runs through
beautiful farming country. Onevery
hand spread broad fields of waving
grain and green pastures; though
some of the farms bordering on the
river were flooded, crops destroyed
and the late tenants encamped upon
the bluffs with their household effects.
A few houses had been washed from
their foundations and were secured by
ropes to trees along the bluff. Occas-
ionally a family could be seen with a
stove and some bed clothing encamped
beneath the spreading branches Of a
tree, gazing at their flooded fields and,
perhaps, the roof of their late happy
home sticking above the water on the
low lands. These "bottom lands as
they are called, are said to be very
productive, frequently yielding the
farmer large returns for his labor, but
it struck the writer very forcibly that
farming them was extremely uncer-
tain. Squibs remarked, if he lived
in that country he would always have
a batteau at his bedroom window.
The narrow guage road from Lex
ington to Kansas City passes through
Independence, once noted as frontier
town. 1t was the great fitting OUT
point for the far west, in old stage
coach times, and on that account a
place of much business activity during
certain seasons. The Mormons tarried
here for some time and commenced
the construction Of a temple, the ruins
Of which are still standing.
It is short run from Independence
to Kansas City, and at 6 o'clock in
the evening our party reached the lat
ter place; tired, dusty and hungry.
Middletown transcript., 1878-05-11

SALE OF AsHTABULA RELICs.-Ihe
unclaimed relics of the great railroad
accident at Ashtabula, Ohio, were sold
at auction at that place, last Tuesday.
The articles were displayed on table
for the examination of bidders, and
the most valuable ones were sold sep
arately, while those of little value
were placed together. The articles
were, as may be imagined, various,
consisting of jewelry, charred books,
china, pieces Of cloth, photographs,
letters, keys, &c. Nearly all showed
marks of the terrible accident. While
the auctioneer was dispossing of a
burned watch, young lady present, .
Miss Stockwell, suddenly leaned for
ward on the table, and anxiously
reaching with her hands for the time
piece burst into tears, exclaiming that
it was her fathers, A. H. Stockwell,
formerly hotel landlord at Ashtabu-
la. He was on the train, and nothing
which belonged to him could be found
by diligent searchers until his daugh-
ter discovered this article, which by
some oversight she had overlooked
heretofore when examining the things
in the coroner's possession. The re-
mains Of Mr.. Stockwell were never
identified. Below will be found the
price obtained for some of the articles,
the bidders being mostly inhabitants
of Ashtabula and vicinity: A gold
pen, partly burned, together with one
of Conductor B. Henn's checks, forty
cents; oride watch, twenty cents;
bunch of keys, fifteen cents; locket,
five cents; lot of trinkets, ten cents;~
metal car trimmings, melted, twenty
one cents. An Ulster overcoat brought
So. Mrs. Potter, of PainesvilIe, bought
and odd stocking which belongedeto
her dead brother. The proceeds ofthe
sale amounted to $42 O3, not enough
to pay the expenses of advertisingsand
sale.