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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Agricultural Items.

Tn. er,a halh + the cotton
crop : . -u"u rs wA.lr !aoor.
and upon small farms
Fifteen ton, If ,age raised this
season. On 4 farm a Bristol. PENN.
realized $1,000.
1t j, estimated ,hat the l nited
States wJii SEMI 10 Europe from
the crop IF wheat of 1873. not less
than 80. 900. 600 bushels.
Mr. VIM. Byyaut. Of Thomas
county, Ga, made aith two mules
this season, forty bales If cotton
IN addition to 4 full prov sion
crop
Oatmeal and water is coming
into general use as a drink du ing
the hot weather for men and horses,
too, on Canadian farms. Expert
ence has shown that it Is a grateful
and strengthening beverage.
\ Massachusetts man Is tanning
the huckleberry. and claims thatby
cultivation he Will show a fruit rs
large as IA cherry. and a great dead
more PUPPY and juicy than the
native wild berry.
In France the farming land is
held by 300, 600 owners, being
about SIN acres t. each luhubltant.
\ similar state Of things exists IN
Belgium. In Ireland one-iiIJh Of
the soil is held ny one hundred and
ten persons.
The area Of Land upon which the
tobacco plant Is cultivated III Ger
many exceeds 80. 600 acres Prus-
STA, Bavaria. the Dnchy Of Baden,
Alsace, and Lorraine. being the
countries which grow the most.
and the average yield is about $500
pounds to the acre.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
alpine Strawberries, Perpet-
ual Bearers.

Paul Iaminet, of Glen Cove, L..
l., recently sent rs a basket OF these
berries, picked from his own gar
den at Glen Cove IN October, and
IN the letter accompanying the
same SAYS the plants bear profusely,
and furnish a constant supply,
which renders them a very desira-
bic variety. In color they are
white and red with an excellent
flavor. This fruit being a compar-
atlve stranger to us, we would like
to hear further from u c%orrespon-
dent with reference to its hardl-
hood, yield and manner of cultiva-
ton, for, if the fruit possesses
those qualities claimed for it (and
there is no doubt but it does), it
should be 0 generally known,
and we hope to hear from others.
-AG. ED.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Green Crops.

Farmers should eve let any
green crop so to waste, but they
should always be plowed under be-
fore frost !; and that a heavy crop
Of clover turned under IN Septem-
Der, and not re-plowed IN the
spring, would always insure a good
corn crop. Last fall | turned UNI
der a very heavy crop of clover.
Just before planting, l went ove it
with Il double shovel, and harrow
ed it thoroughly. The ground IN
fair seasons, heretofore, produced
from forty to fifty bushels of corn
per acre, tins year 1t is good for
seyenty-tive bushels. j. b.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Sick Headache.

This distressing complaint can
generally be relieved by soaking
tie feet III very warm water, IN
which a spoonful OF powdered mus
tard has been stirred. Soak rs long
as possible, or till the water gets
cool A; it draws the blood from the
head. Another quoting remedy
is to scald sour milk till it wheys
off, make a bag Ct thin muslin,and
strain it off not very dry, and put
the culd in the bag, upon the head
as VAIN as 1t can be borne : it will
relieve the pain in a few moments.
Some such simple remedies are far
preferable TO drugs or to doctors
prescriptions they relieve as
quickly, and are cheaper, a. well as
more readily applied.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28

From the Rural Messenger
How the Famer Should In.
vest.

Every dollar that the farmer
spends toward the improvement
Of ms farm buildings Or enriching
the soil, is so much added to his
financial condition. The more
valuable he makes his farm, the
more his capital stock is increased,
and when he dies the larger will be
the patrimony he will leave his
family. Instead of placing money
in bank or lending on uncertain
security, the farmer had much bet
ter lay 1T ont IN permanent im-
provement to the homestead. Fix
up the old house with more con-
y~enieEces, plant out good orchards,
make good roadways, bridges,
closures, and gates. Clean off the
logs, stones, and stumps from the
fields cut bitches : make Bermu-
da pastures Of the hill-sides !; and
enrich the level lands as far as you
are able. Do whatever you can TO
make the farm better, spend al
your spare money upon tit is a
safe way to invest. Only manage
with judgment and You viii have
no cause TO regret the course.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Eggs from Different Breeds
Of Poultry.

Fanny Field. Il lady corIe>poH-
dent OF the Ohio Farmer, SAYS that
after repeated experiments WITH
the different varieties Of fowls, a1d
comparisons with others who nave
experimental III the same direction,
| have concluded that the laying
capabilities of the principal yarle-
ties are about as follows
Light Brahmas and Partridge
Cochins-eggs, : TO the poun4:
lay 1870 per annum.
Ozark Br4hmas-cggS, S to the
pound !; lay l2O per AMMAN
"Bl ok. White, and Bun Coch-
ins-eggs, $ to the ponnd lay 20
per annum
plymouth Rocks-eggs, S to
the pound lay $50 per annum.
Houdans-eggs, s to the pound !:
lay 80 per annum.
La Fleche-egg=, . 10 the
pound ; lay 1870 per annum.
"Biack Spanish-eggs, :. to the
pound lay no per annum.
"Leghorns-eggs, s to the
pound lay 100 per annum.
"Hamburgs-eggs, 9 TO the
pound ; lay 80 per annum.
"Polish-eggs, 9 to the pound
lay l25 per annum.
Bantams-eggs, IL to the
pound ; lay 80 per annum.
" regret very much that dld
not keep account of the cost of
food consumed by each VARIETY
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Lombardy Poplars for Light
ning-ROds.

Professor Asa Gray sends us the
following note The reason which
lies at the bottom of the general
belief, on the Continento of Europe,
that lightning strikes tie Lom-
hardy poplar trees III preference 10
others, is coming to hight. Green
heritage, and green wood--sappy
wood---are excellent conductors of
electricity. A tree is shattered by
lightning ouly when the discharge
reaches the naked trunk or naked
branches, which are poorer conduc-
tors. An old-fashioned Iombar-
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Fertilizers in North Carolina

In the September American Ag-
riculturist it was stated that ''about
$1,000, 900" was expended in North
Carolina yearly for fertilizers. We
are now informed that the amount
averages three million dollars per
annum.' In the single month Of
April, 1877, there We're Ii. S91 tons
sold, 1T an average of $50 per ton.
amounting to s.4f,55O. This high
price Is due to the credit system.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
The Proper Time for Slaught-
ering.

1t has been discovered by a
French chemist that the flesh Of
animals which are killed IN the
latter part Of the night Will keep
much longer without sailing than
it will when they are killed IN the
day time. This proves that the
flesh is better fitted for keeping
when the life and blood are taken
from the animal at the time the
temperature IS the lowest and res
peration is the least active. Hence
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28

or cotton option" which compels
the dealers TO wait until after the
cotton harvest for their pay. In
North Carolina the farmer i doub-
IL protected from fraudulent frrti-
lIzer dealers. As soon as ~ 'lr-
regularity i discovered, the State
sues the dealer for damages, and
SEXES all the fertilizer Of the same
brand found on sale IN the State.
Not only are fertilizers analysed,
but every farmer can have the
chemicals he uses IN composing
home manures, analysed free of
charge and the result, together
with the name of the manufacture
er, is published in the local State
papcrs."-4meIican dgriculfurisf.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28

y u 4 ~ Id llNi 1 iH~ l. Nail
/ { bovire flaps his tail
The sugar houses are il full
blast IN Louisiana and the yield i
a good one.
\ crop Of volunteer oats III
Guadalupe county, Texas, trashed
out ninety bushels to the acre.
An old potato grower says he
thinks fifty cents a bushel for po-
tatoes as good in the fall as seventy
five cents in the spring.
The cottonwood telegraph poles
used on the line of the Southern
Pacific road have sprouted, and
give promise of supplying "a con-
tlnuous line Of shade trees,
Blanket Your horse when waiting
ut the hitehing-post, while the
driver is in some warm place doing
business, for the merciful man
regardeth the life of his beast.
During the last four years the
farming interest mas extended itself
over - ,2SG, 600 acres Of land IN
- $500"
lty.
Niolent exercise Just previous to
death gives increased tenderness to
the flesh OF some animals, hence
the greater tenderness which 5
well known TO belong to the hunted
animal.
Just think Of the enraged feel
mgs OF a farmer who finds too late
that he had a squash down IN an
off corner OF the field that was
half Il pound heavier than the one
that took the prize at the fair.
DR. y \ Kern Of pennsvlv,-
~. toll, tho procL:coJ E,roo,
that tn.nn+r fn,r who1o notafoos
nIan+od IN . manr h;Ils WITH .
PaaIfaI e buan aanb ma~a ~
- - +Lroo rool ia AZ .,mo
number right alongside of them,
but without bran. yielded only half
IA bushel.
nv ~
Aiele - nv ocO'oi 'iiio 'l"" 'l0
PIe9eht lol oiaIhi18 WEI Yiounu.
o"'nIp9 az ~" " of and "o =
a7 o,Is ~ nado mnoft
i"liiiol ~ 9ilo"1" " ni'uo p.on'
aole, ana u .,ie season = PerhillIeu
% l''ss a.a ei''s WIN = he2,co'ea'
"Ss"i el"2o D"o "
Poi''h'
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28
Farm Notes.

Now looks the OK from out his stall
The faTu er III al 10 >ec,
As quick ne spre.dH upon the Il or
Tue grain 20 temptingly.
Then sing aroun1 the ancient pam
The y-ly autumn gal,
: Il while the farmer taps his dali
i ( bOvirc flaps his tail
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28

Fewer steps, less drudgery, more
refinement and more company
sho9ld be the motto Of the house
wife.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-11-28


~ =" "i>a3teIt tat.
No. ~ ""i'ii-'> Nt..etl ..g .a-.
immelit,. s.''" 1"A. 5....
animal. T.. = H. ~. AS
viii ~ e,nr,e @
morning W."
Tba 49, nl.
are - ~ 't.e 12o'e t..-
the blood to the ''""
distributes i, tararrs At ,..
After rest ii rra3uIl.x ,..r
the ~yItals. AID
,lu..shly. o. c,mr.e "
mal : then killed. tbs ar-.-.e.
"a ~. x4.et- 1..-. d.
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26
SMALL ITEMS.

New York City eats 7O,OOO,00O of eggs per year, and several millions more are consumed in morning drinks.
 An apiarian in Utah estimates that one acre of mignonette will fur nish sufficient pasture for one hun dred stocks of bees.
 Some S1O,0O0 worth of mules have recently died on the ranch of Joseph Cone, in Tehama county, from the glanders, which seems to have attacked all the stock on bis extensive ranch. This epidemic seems to be prevalent at various points of the State, anc most serious in its results.
 The comb is the hens pulse. If that be strong and bright, and of a good color and full of blood, shaking with every quick movement of the bird in the combcd varieties, the bird is in normal health, and ill a a laying condition. When the rim of the comb and wattles have pur- plish tinge, the bird is not well.
 Owing to the unusual fall of snow on the grazing lands in western Ne braska vast herds of cattle are sui. fcring greatly for want of food. One report says that between 35,00O and 10000 head of cattle arc in a starv. ing condition between Sidney and the north Platte. They come up to the Union Pacific railroad track in great numbers, and frequently i'm. pede the progress of trains, which are obliged on this account to move slowly and cautiously through this section. Cattle arc often found ly ing benumbed and hungry on the track, and have to be forcibly driver off.
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26
CONCERNING FENCES.

CONCERNING FENCES.
 All inclosures in that portion of Maricopa lying east of the meridian of the mouth of the Verde river shall be iuclosed with fence made SO close that horses, mules or horned cattle cannot get their heads through it. This act shall take effect on and after June 1st, 1877.
 TO FACILITATE THE PAYMENT OF
 OUR DEBT.
 From and after the first day of March, 1877, the County Treasurer shall, of all moneys received by him as such Treasurer, apportionabls to the general fund, pay and ap- portion twenty-five per cent. of such moneys to fund to be designated as the Sinking Fund, the other sev- enty-five per cent. to go to the gen. eral fund as now provided by law.
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26
FOR WINTER EVENINGS.
SEWING CLUBS, READING CLUBS,
 CIRCULATING LIBRARIES.

A late number of Scribner's gives the following excellent suggestions: "With the closing of the doors and lighting of the fires for winter 'acci- dentals,' sociables, sewing and read ing clubs, begin in all inland towns and villages. We have word or two to say concerning these stated little assemblies which constitute so- ciety in thousands of our towns.
 "First, as to sewing clubs. The work should be carefully restricted to such embroidery, etc, as cannot be done by women who earn their living by the needle. The justice of this ought to be at once apparent, but it is as a rule overlooked. We have known the plain sewing taken from the scamstresses of a village, and given to church clubs for a win ter; the consequence of which was, hungry women asking parish help. Secondly, in reading clubs, let the time for each reader be limited by infiexiblc rule. If this is not done, there will be found in every such club at least onc dogmatic, selfish reader, who will force his author and his voice upon the club, until in dis gust and weariness the members fall of and the experiment. fails. Third ly, if we may trench upon a most delicate subject, we would suggest that in merely social combinations the old caste lines of the town be dis regarded. There is no dcspotism more narrow or cruel than the aris- tocracy of a village. New blood and new ideas would generally revivify it ; outside of the so-called "good society" which has been fenced in for two or three generations, is ire quently found the larger proportion of intelligence, culture and breadth of thought. Fourthly, the great want experienced by cultured men and women in small towns is of books, magazines, etc, which indi- vidually they are not able to buy. There are very few circulating li- braries in American towns of a pop. ulation less than 10000. This want can be obviated in a measure by a friendly combination between a num- Der of families or individuals, in which each contributes a given num-
 Der of books to a common stock i; these books are loaned to the mem bers in turn. A more formal and much better way is the formatian of a book club, such as were common in England before the establishment of Mudie, in which each member pays at the beginning a certain sum, with which as many books are pur- chased as there arc members, each one choosing a book these pass in regular rotation from hand to hand, remaining a fortnight with each reader; twenty books may thus be read for the cost of one. When the books have passed around the circle, they arc sold to members for the benefit of the club. Fines for de- tention and abuse of books also keep up the funds. No officer is re- quired in this association but a treasurer. Another advantage is that books can be bought by the quantity at lower rates than singly."
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26
BOB INGERSOLL
Gives Some Good Advice
 To Farmers.
Which Would Be To Their Benefit To Read Through Very Care fully.s

The following are some extracts from a speech delivered by Col. Rob- ert Ingersoll, recently, at the Central Illinois Fair:
 It is not necessary in this age of the world for the farmer to rise in the middle of the night to begin his work. This getting up SO early in the morning is relic of barbarian. It has made hundreds of young men curse the business. There is no need of getting up at three or four o'clock in the winter morning. The farmer who presists in doing it, and presists in dragging his wife and children from their beds, ought to be visited by a missionary. It is time enough to rise after the sun has set the eI- ample. For what purpose do 70 get up? To feed the cattle? Why not feed them more the night before. It is a waste of life. In the old times they used to get up about three o'clock in the morning. and go to work long before the sun had risen with healing upon his wings" and as a just punishment they all had the ague; and they ought to have it now.
 Own land if possible. Do not rent an acre if you can avoid it. There can be no such a thing as home unless you own it. There must be an incentive to plant trees, beauti- fly the grounds. To own home tends to elevate the owner. It gives certain independence, a certain force of character that is obtained in no other way.
 Let every farmer treat his wife and children with kindness. Give them every advantage for culture, They will grow about you like flow CTS; they will fill your life with joy and perfume; they will fill your homes with sunshine, and your lives with happiness. See to it that they have all the comforts and all the con- veniences of life that you can possibly give them. Give them the advantage of every i'm provement as soon as you can. Try ard make life a perpetual delight. Make your homes pleasant. Have your houses warm and comfortable for the winter. Do not build story and half house. The half story is an oven, in which during the summer you will bake every night, and feel in the morning as though only the rind of youself was left. Decorate your rooms, even if you do so with cheap engravings; they arc better than none. Have books; have pa- pers; read them. You have more leisure than the dwelers in cities Bcautify your ground with plants; with flowers. Have good gardens, and recollect that everything of beuty- ty tends to your elevation. Every little morning-glory whose purple heart is thrilled with the light of the morning sun tends to put a blossom in your heart.
 Remember that you arc in partnership with all other labor, and be ready at all times to join hands with all other laborers for the protection of honest industry. As for myself, l envy the man who has lived upon the same broad acres from his boyhood, who has been fa- miliar with the game scenes year af ter year, who now lives upon the same farm on which he was born and occupies the home of his fathers. l can imagine no happier way to end ones life than in the quiet of the country. far from the demands of bus mess, out of the mad race for place and money and power.
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26
TOWARDS
EXPRESS < MAIL LINE.

Coach leaves Wickenburg every second odd date in February. making two full trips every ,iyhtdays. Fare from wickenburg to. Signal City; SIS. Time. 24 hours.
 For 6res ka apnlv to A1epeiss
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26
THE LAST LEGISLATURE.

Continued From First Page. five cents to be levied annually for the purpose of paying the interest and the redemption of the bonds.
Salt River herald., 1878-01-26

FAC-SIMILE BY INTERNATIONAL NEWSPAPER POST OFFICE
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1878-12-12
From the New York Tribune /
What is the Remedy.

Onion-skin Democracy wakes wroth.
The organs of balloi-boX stuffing think il
well TO assume defiant air. ''Punish any
body for violation OF law if you cam" they
say, "but CLERK Adams (being a Kentucky
DEMOCRACY will admit our members OF Con-
gress, two Democratic Houses of Congress
will count the votes OF our electors, and the
Democratic State Government will settle
all questions as TO the election of State Off
GERS. Rave as much as you like; we have
the power and mean to keep it, Such. in
effect. is the answer of the ballot-box stuff
ing Democracy TO exposures of the whole
sale frauds at the South. And, by way of
enlightening us regarding the prospect Of
the conviction of any criminals. Democ ra-
tic local authorities arrest witnesses and
lock them up on charges of crime. In fact,
II has become a crime under the rule o..
Onion-skin Democracy to make any effort
TO prevent fraudulent elections. ave had
to do it," said the frank young Democrat
Of South Carolina, "or they would have
beaten US in the State"
The scheme is well planned. and there is
no lack of impotence or effectiveness IL
the execution. Let US frankly admit that
We have very little hope that the Southern
people will make any effort whatever to
enforce the laws. or uphold the Constitu-
is settling down upon them. Nor is there
much reason TO hope that frauds can be
punished. Twenty-six United States Off
ciaIs have been shot at the South, and not
one of the perpetrators has been punished
by Democratic local government. When
That state OF things exists, it is not reason
able to expect that the mere stuffing of bal.
lot boxes can be punished. Is there then,
no remedy Has the South actually become
master OF the United States? Has all the
heroism of four years Of war been caDcell-
ed. defeated, and robbed OF all f. uit, by the
tissue-paper ballot!
Not quite. There remains Solid North.
Let every Southern State uphold this pros
titution Of the forms of free government to
the base uses OF all Infamous tyranny, and
still there will not be votes enough. Pub
lie opinion at the North will make it impOs-
sible for any Democratic defender of gov
ernment by onion-skin ballots to be elected
to any Office. To the last man they will be
swept from place. Thousands Of honorable
Democrats ia every Northern Slate will join
in the Indignant movement of the people
to prevent the rape of free government.
Democratic statesmen and politicians. feel
ing that the torrent is resistIess, will yield
to il, whether they have or have not enough
of honesty sincerely 10 detest the crimes
committed 10 the name and for the sake Of
Democracy. This new revolution OF public
sentiment will transfer to Republican ranks
many of the worthiest and many Of the
most skilled and adroit Democratic lead
ers. just as the Outburst Of loyal feeling in
1851 placed Dix and Logan and Butler by
the side OF Sumner. Greeley and Lincoln.