The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1878-09-19

A+Ntff - H'ssNNsAs - - - tAsss A4Nst y AfN
t4.aSs pnblie and .aG6 FREQ clerical
schools. 20 that i wiH bc seen thai
those devoted 10 secrlAr Instruction are
10 large majority The programme
10 both 10 very much alike The obi.
gAtory course consists u moral and
religious instruction. reading. writing,
the French language, arithmetic, and
The elemeuts Of history and geogra ply
The optional csrriculum consists q the
elements Of geometry, Of physical sci-
euce and natural history, agriculture.
Industry and hygiene, land surveying,
iineal design, drawing and ornaments
ton, living languages. bookkeeping,
singing and gymnastics A certificate
is issued 70 al children who can pass
determination before leaving school.
aud there are bibgihe3aes scoiares 70
which young people. after leaving
school. Gao have access A number Of
normal schools are scattered all over
the country for the Instruction OF
schooImasters and sehoolmislresses
there are also 10 France a number Of
apprentice or professional schools.
where young people can continue their
stables. which they alternate with the
exercise OF trade Some Of these
latter have made very interesting ex-
hbitions The School Of Arts-et.
Meitiers. at Anglers, has forwarded a
large collection Of tools aud hardware,
that Of Haute Savoie has sent clocks
and watches, aud number Of other
schools 10 various parts Of the country
contribute specimens Of the works Of
their pupils, which show great ability
and successful training. In addition
to the institutions which we have
named. there are hslf-time schools, in
which children sent to work before II
are obliged TO spend portion OF the
day aud superior primary schools, OF
which PEcole Municipale Turgot may
be taken as type, which are designed
TO train capable aud well.educated en-
ployees Tor banks and houses Of bust
ness. The work OF the pupils in the
different schools and the school furni-
ture and apparatus employed in them
will amply repay the time spent in their
inspection, especially when the visitor
takes an interest in the work OF educa-
ton. The maps are well executed, and
there are some excellent modes for
teaching children and combining in
struction and amusement. III. Rollois
has method for imparting knowl'
edge Of spelling which is novel and
eHlicacious and WE'LL and Co I, exhibit
an excellent method for cataloguing,
which would be invaluA liable in bank, a
library, large house of business, OF
any place where great order and ex'
actitude are required.
Secondary instruction is given in
France by the State at 81 lyceums, and
at 252 communal colleges, and there
are in addition 500 free lay or ecclesi-
astical establishments in addition to II
directed by Jesuits and large number
of diocesan institutions. At the pres
ent time there are 40,995 young per.
sons in the lyceums, 1896 in the
communal colleges, and 1905 in the
free establishments These figures
show a considerable increase since
1865. In view Of this gradual increase
IN the number of attendants the State
is preparing for the creation OF six new
large lyceums. There are in addition
a large number Of secondary profess
sional, Industrial, and commercial
schools. The number Of young men
receiving instruction altogether free il
not large, not exceeding $500, but
there are in addition some 1874 who
are exempt from the payment Of fees.
Superior instruction is given in
France by two distinct varieties of es
Adjustments. The Faculties OF the
State, TO which must be added the
great scientific establishments, such at
the College Of France, the Museum. the
Polytechnic School, the Schools o
Mines, Bridges, and Roads. the Norma
School and the school OF the highel
branches OF study, and tue Universities
aud Free Faculties, OF which The
creation has been authorized by tht
Jaw OF the 18th July, 1875, on th'
liberty OF superior instruction. Catholic
theology is taught at Paris. AK, Bor
deaux, Lyons, aud Rouen; Protestan
theology at Montauban and Paris Law
at Paris. AK, Bordeaux, Caen. Dion
| Douai. Grenoble, Lyons, Poitiels
Nancy. Rennes, aud Toulouse medi
cine at Paris. Nancy, Lille. and Lyons
aud pharmacy, which in this country
occupies much higher position rela
lively than in Great Britain, at Paris
Montpelier. aud Nancy. There are Il
faculties Of letters, and an equal mum
Der OF faculties OF sciences. The for
mer received last year ) 1892 bachelors
$50 licentiates, and a doctors th'
latter during the same year 2.5i'
bachelors. $50 liceutiates. and I doc