davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

Discomfort and Progress another.
" Mixed Industries in the United States :,
others on "0dyle." Republicanism in
France" 1.-THE Monks of Agriculture,
The Great Pyramid" The Renais-
sance." " The Arabians in Spain, ;" The
Uses of History" " The Poetry of Sci
ence. Rizpah. - Valedictory.
Does not the perusal of that call a glow
of conscious pride to the cheek of every
working farmer? With all this capital
income. talent. and teaching. what does
the Massachusetts agricultural college
turn out? That's the question. 1t shows
among its graduates for the fifteen years Of
its existence thirty-six farmers; while il
can boast of nineteen merchants and trad.
erS, ten medical men. eight civil engineers
six manufacturers, five lawyers. five rail
road men, four teachers, four chemists
three editors, three ministers. one insur-
ance broker, one banker, one dentist, ont
professor of penmanship, one architect and
one professor of elocutiOn.
So much for what the Massachusetts az
ricultural college has cost and what it lii:
done and it leaves a question of engrossing
interest to citizens Of Massachusetts, and
of Vermont, and all the other states n.
we'll; does ii pay? and can such college:
be made successful and self-supporting?
The Massachusetts legislature of 1876
passed resolve directing the secretary o
the board of education and the secretary o
the board Of agriculture "to devise ,
plan. if practicable, by which the colleg,
may. without expense to the common
wealth, be recognized rs an inaepeHdcH
institution" but as they have since thel
granted it $4,000 more, it is to be sup
posed they were not able TO "devise s
plan" We believe the last Legislature
declined any further assistance, and wha
the one to be convened the coming winte
will do is one of those things which Ca
Dundreary says mo fcllah can find out
| ii Il it comes.
SO Massachusetts has an independen
agricultural college, which has been run
ming fifteen years, and yet they are no
happy there.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

rains never fail 10 do this thoroughly and
in ample time for the young clover. But
in such CAGES the wheat itself is less bene-
fitod, and the effects of the manure are
seen only where it laid and acted on the
mulch. But on grass lands all the soluble
parts of the manure will be washed out
and thoroughly incorporated with the sol
before spring growth commences. The
clover would grow rapidly, and its vigor.
Gus leaves would absorb much more from
the air, while its roots would strike deeper
into the subsoil. making it mellow and
bringing up more of the mineral element.
which have leached through. When
pluwed. such land will have a much great.
or amount of fertllizing material than
would be possible from the same amount
Of manure applied the same season TO the
soil.
Usually, farmers who have applied ma
nure TO grass lands have put it on old sod
timothy or red top. But in this plan the
advantage is less marked. The roots o.
timothy are near the surface, and nc
amount of manuring can make them
strike down into the snbsoil. They are
also much smaller than clover roots, max
ing less to plow under. while the leaves,
being narrow take less from the atmos-
phere. The advantage of surface manur-
ing old sods lies chiefly in the thorough
incorporation of all the soluble portions OF
the manure with the soil But by surface
manuring clover, especially young clover,
an immediate and rapid growth of the tap
root is secured, which results not only in
Il large grass crop, but thoroughly pulver-
ICES and fertilizes the soil down to and
into the subsoil. Land thus mellowcd by
clover roots is open to the air, and the in
crease of fertility goes on by every posi-.
BILE method. Glover, even as usually
grown, is reckoned fertilizing crop. Yet
on almost every field we find patches
where the clover is small and thin. BY
surface manuring such spots we can often
make them richer and the clover larger
than anywhere else.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27
For the Freeman .
The Skunk.

As | have recently seen the aromatic
skunk" spoken of in terms of commenda-
ton in several papers, because of his val
ne as an insect destroyer, and, as l have
myself more than once spoken OF this ami
NAL ms useful in this way, | wish now to
add to what others as well as myself have
stated rs to the character of the animal
facts which have been only recently estab-
lished, or at any rate, sufficiently so to
render their publication advisable.
Many of the readers Of this paper may
have seen from time to time. during the
past five years, hints of the venomOus
character of the bite of the skunk, and
have passed them by without u second
thought as improbable and untrue. 1t
seems, however, to be quite certain that,
not only does the skunk bite when attack
ed, but often without the slightest provo
cation, and, worst of all, that its bite is
almost always fatal, producing n terrible
disorder closely allied to ordinary hydro
phobia, though differing from that disease
in some important respects. From the
various cases reported it does not seem to
be merely the bite of Il skunk that is rabid,
or in any abnormal condition, but that in
any condition of the animal the bite is
very dangerous. In the american Jour
nut of Science and Arts for May, 1874, the
Ne,U York Medical Record, May, 1919, and
" Fur Bearing AnImatS," by DIR. Cones,
published about II year ago by the govern
ment, AMI elsewhere, fuller details of the
disease may be found than there is space
to give here.
In number of cases reported, the
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27
For the Freeman.
Air and Sunshine.

Now that we have state board of health
in prospect, we may look forward to a
new era in sanitary regulations. 1t has
been argued hat in Vermont, with her pure
air and mountain atmosphere, there was
no call for guardians of the public health
But II close observer cannot fail to see in
our ruatl districts, in and around the
dwellings of the farmers, very many
causes of disease and death. Poorly ven.
tiatnd houses. unwhole>ome cellars and
improper drainage. coupled with bad
living and want of exercise in the open
air, are hurrying numbers annually to an
untimely grave But | took my pen t.
write few words concerning the treat
ment Of animals. perceive that an in.
veStigation into the CAUSES of diseases in
domestic animals is also contemplated ivy
the creation of Il board of health. 1t is a
law of nature applicable to man and beasl
that sunshine, air and exercise are indis
pensable to good heath. 1t is natural thai
our horses, llocks and herds should roam
ut large on our hillsides in summer time
and in winter they should enjoy the free
dom of spacious yard in pleasant
weather. The common practice of keeping
hogs in pens under barns where not ray
of sunshine ever reaches them, with foul
air, from the time they are bred until they
are slaughtered for food. should be con.
demned everywhere. Hogs cannot be
thus treated for any considerable length Of
time without showing signs of disease Ii
needs not the wisdom of u board Of health
to decide that the flesh and blood of an
animal is more or less affected by beino
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

KEEP UP THE Flow OF MILK.-Good
butter is in demand now. and the pros.
pect is it will be till the grass grows again
in the spring. How shall we keep up the
flow of milk so rs to obtain the greatest
possible amount, is the all important ques-
ton with the dairy farmers just at present.
At this season of the year, when the green
fresh feed is failing, cows seem, either
wilfully or involuntarily TO hold the milk
back. When you commence milking they
give n few streams from each teat, and
lhen-if they have been in milk long
stop, as if MIXED dry. The only way in
such Il case is to persevere until the last
drop is drawn from the udder, for if al
lowed to 90 q few times without being
MIXED, or without being MIXED dry at
this part of the season, the COW will seem
to take advantage of your carelessness,
creased reluctance, so that before you are
aware, you have Il dry COW to feed, yield
ing no income.
Another consideration is, the COW is de-
preciated in value. If Il cow that ought
to give milk till January is allowed by bad
or careless milking to get dry in Novem-
Der, she is lessened in value more than
twenty per cent for dairy purposes, not
only for this season but for all coming sea-
sons, and the younger the COW the greater
the loss.
Do not expect to get milk without feed
Remember the cow has worked hard all
summer to collect the green grass to man.
ufacture into the nice sweet milk she has
supplied you with every day, and now that
the grass has failed, do not be niggardly
with her; if you are she will have her re-
venge, you may depend on that. You may
pet her and try TO make up for your neg.
ect, but it will be of little use. Cows that
are allowed to shrink badly in milk at this
season, will seldom increase it much until
coming in again in the spring; so if you
have any field beets-and every dairy
farmer ought to have-ieed the tops now
when they are gone, if you have any nice
early cut hay, it cannot be placed in bet
ter market than when placed before Il good
mich COW, and besides, it pays, both in
quantity and quality of butter.
Corn-meal, oat meal, shorts, either, OF
all mixed. are good, and pay well wler
jndiciously fed; anything that will keel
up healthy flow of milk, but DO not lei
cows get dry or shrink in milk when cold
weather CONFESS. T. Floyd, in Main,
Fur7HeT,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

WORTH REMEMBERlNG-lti is the penny
saved more than the penny earned that
enriches; it is the sheet turned when the
first thread breaks that wears the longest
it is the damper closed when the cooking
is done that stops the dropping Of the
dollars in the Goa! bin; it is the lamp or
gas burned low when not in use that gives
you pin-money for the month; it is the
care in making the coffee that makes three
ten spoonfuls 90 as far rs II tea-cup ordi-
narily; it is the walking one or six blocks
instead of taking cab or an omnibus,
that adds strength to your body and mon
ey to your pocket; it is the careful mend
ing of each weeks wash that gives ease to
your conscience and long length of days
10 your garments; and, last of all, it is the
constant care exercised over every part of
your household, and constant endeavor to
improve and apply your best powers to
your work, that give peace and prosperity
to the family
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

PROFITS OF SHEEP BREEDING.--A cor
respondent of the Mt. Sterling. (Ky.)
D,mocrat states, that in 1866 Ell. and Gale
Brown, brothers entered into an agreement
to buy fifteen good Cotswool ewes, continue
tho partnership ten years, retain the
eve lambs, sell the wool and male sheep
each year The fifteen original ewes cost
them SljS cash. July last, 18th, two years
ago C76,) they had sold 1880 worth OF
wool and sheep. Last year they sold
Sl,jG0 worth, this year 5000 worth, and
now have on hand 100 head of sheep that
$3.50 cannot buy. The neat sum of Sl0,-
no realized by fifteen ewes and their prod
ucc is equivalent to louning money ut
nearly the astonishing sum Of $50 per cent
per anaum.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

SOLID READING -" We did not bring
any novels with us to the country this
summer, and now the members of the
family are reading Motley, Macaulay. Irv-
ing, and others. They seem, too to be
more than usually interested" SO said u
friend, We are quite in agreement with
Emerson, that if the bulk of modern liter
Azure could be burnt up our boys and girls
would be immensely gamers. The read
ing of light, trashy, sentimental, sensa-
tional, silly and sickly novels and novel;
cites, has neutralized to great extent the
purpose of universal system of popular
education. Instructive reading requires
the use of brains, demands reflection,
stores the memory, and developeS faculty.
But who are they who now read solid
books?
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

Tor DRESSING GRASS EAND.-A cores.
pondent of the american Cultiua5r saws
This is grazing growing region, and
grass is II secondary crop with most farm.
ers. Hence it has not occurred to many
that manure could be prolitably applied to
grass lands. Yet, as grass is the basis OF
all good farming and improvement of the
soil, the direct application of manures to
this crop would naturally seem the most
speedy way to benefit the land. If we can
by any means secure IL large, vigorous
growth of clover, we are sure Of II GOOD
crop for years after. This can most Ger
tainly be done by surface application of
manurCs.
Where wheat is top,dresscd the after
benefit of the clover is one of the most i'm.
portant advantages of that method. Top,
dressing wheat will not always secure n
good crop. In very dry falls, as 81 and
1872, there is not enough rain to dissolve
the manure in time to benefit the fall
growth. But winter SHOWS AMI spring
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

CLOVER AS HAY.-Thc old idea tina
clover hay is injurious to horses has bcel
pretty thoroughly exploded. Dusty hay il
hmtful, and clover from its succulency
and the difficulty of properly curing it, i
most apt to be dusty. Clean, bright clover
hay is never injurious to any horse. Care
must be used in feeding it. Horses are S,
fond of clover that, if allowed all they cal
eat, they will distend their stomachs onC
thus hurt themselves for travelling. Glover
is rich food, and if given in small quaint
ties with grain, horses will work and tray
ell on this food rs well as on timothy The
advantage which timothy has is that it is
so hard and tasteless that few horses vii
fill themselves with it; hence with grain
they are in the best possible condition fol
work or travel.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

The Gibson (Ill) Courier says: Zone
Of the saddest and most complete iinan-
cial wrecks of the day is that of the great
Sulivant estate. The assignee's sale OF
tho personal property took place on
Thursday and Friday, Oct. 81 and Nov. /,
the lands having been surrendered TO the
mortgages. Everything was disposed of,
and to-day NJ. l.. Sullivant, the great corn
king of the world, is without lands and
without n roof TO shelter his family, that
he can call his own. Under the enforced
sale and foreclosure, we learn the estate
failed to realize enough to pay the indebt-
edness by 100000. The melting away of
this once kingly estate is n remarkable eX-
ample of how riches take to themselves
wings Mr.. Sulllvant's farming opera
lions were on the most colossal scale in
the country and his failure only empha
sizes the lesson taught by repeated small
er failures on the part OF others, that large
farms do not pay in this country. 1t is not
likely that farming on the scale carried on
by Mr.. Sulivant will ever again be at
tempted in this state, and his magnihccn
domain of 10000 acres will doubtless be
cut up into numerous small farms. And
while we sympathize with Mr.. SGlivant
in his failure, we cannot but regard this
rs the best disposition to be made of these
fine lands. They will furnish homes for
several hundred happy families
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27
Central Vermont R. R. Line.
Commencing Monday, Sept. 80, 1875
TRAINS GOING SOUTH ANDEAsT.

TRAINS GOING SOUTH ANDEAsT.
Leave Montpelier at s.C6 AM, 9.OOP NJ. ,s.a5 and
Nail TRA1NI eavesSt.A Adams 700 NJ, Montrslicr
O6 A. NJ. for Boston, New London Struggled, New
York and intermediate points.
90OAN st. Adams at IL Is p. NJ Burngtoul 235 p.
Montpelier 200 NJ. for Boston wis Lowell.
7G5 p n, Montpelier % P NJ for Northfeld.
bans and Burlington leave MOntpelicrat 1850 M. for
Boston via. DWELL or Fltchburg Spring NewYork
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
TRAINsGOING NORTH AND WEST.
Leave Montpelier , 20 SO 1.Oo A. M..3.4Oand
DAY ExPREssleavesB ostonvia Fitchburg att 80 A.
". via Lowell 20 A. New London .00A. NJ Spring
field sOOA NJ, Montpeier3 40 r. M..forBurlngton st
ACCOMMODATIONS leaves White RiyerJ nnct ion IS P.
NJ. Montpeer5 So p. sI.,for Burlington, Rutland and,
kccoTIoDA ALTON Train leaves Mortified at6eGA N
Montpelier 6lO A. NJ. for Burlington. Rutland st
Alhans st. Johns and Montreal.
MIXED leaves White River junction $50 A. NJ ,Nortl
hed l040A. N. arrives at MONTPELIER 100 A NJ,
ACCOMMODATIONS leaves Montpelier lilo A. NJ. for
BURLINGTON Rutland st. Adams, Rouses Point and
NGGHT Circumstances Boston via Lowellat5 BOP M
via Fitchhurgh P NJ New York 800 p. M. Spring
Adams, Montrealand Ogdensburgh .andthe West
Trainsleave Montpelerfor Barred 6.32 Am IL
ReturningI cave Barreat7.ICAN and 90 andj .lC
sleeping carsare attached to Night Expres train
running between Montreal and Boston, and MOntrea
and Springfield. and New York and via Troy, and
porlor Cars and Day Express between Boston and
through tickets for Chicago and the West or sale
j. W. HOBART.
- Genl. Supt.
| CIV. BENTLEY,
Genl. Manager.
W Sn1,tO %
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

CARE OF STOCK. First Of all, the farmer
should see that his stock are in good con-
diton at the commencement Of winter
for if animals are then thin and poor, the
struggle for life is far greater than when
they are fat The system not being in II
condition to resist the cold and ordinary
changes of temperature. it is better TO
give extra feed before cold weather sets in
than to be obliged to do it after stock has
run down in flesh Every farmer has
probably observed how Indifferent fat ami
mails were to cold, aud how quickly the
thin were shivering and the very pictures
of discomfort. 1t is economy to keep the
animals in good condition, for il costs less
than to bring them up after they have once
run down in flesh. Mr.. Flint the author
of /" Mich Cows and Dairy Farming
says: Keep the cows constantly in good
condition, ought to be the motto of every
dairy farmer, posted up over the stalls and
over the milk room, and repeated to the
boys whenever there is danger of forget
ting it," 1t is the great secret OF success,
and the difference between success and
failure turns upon it. Food will do much
toward bringing about the favorable con-
ditions so much desired in the stock yard
but it requires a much larger amount
when the animals are exposed to cold than
when they are properly housed in warm
sheds or stalls. The testimony of all
breeders of choice stock favors warm
winter quarters, and it has also been
shown that animals will thrive on far less
food when protected than when exposed
to cold winds and rains; therefore it is
economy to furnish shelter, even if the
comfort is not taken into account.-NeU
York SIM.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

From A CITY BOY.-In the Farmer OF
Oct 26th | noticed replies to the young
man who inquired about how to get Il
wife. Some complain very bitterly Of
" city handles" rs they call us, who come
to the country and take all the best girls,
with our fine clothes and livery rigs And
they talk as though we were good for
nothing loafers, and could not afford as
much as u horse and buggy. 1t is true
there are more loIfers in the city Than in
the country, but simply because there are
more people. In proportion to population
there are just as many gentlemen in the
city us in the country, among the young
men. But these writers talk us though
there were no worthy boys in the city ut
all.
If were girl it seems 10 me | would
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

BRINE FOR BATHING TIE FEET OF
HORSES have tried strong brine on
fDundered or hocf bound horses, and with
good results. | made IL solution of salt
and water and applied it three times a
day, by washing the legs and pouring
upon the bottom Of feet. and holding them
up a few minutes to let it strike in saw
the wonderful effects in few days. | ac-
count for it in this way: Salt will extract
moisture from the atmosphere which keeps
the feet moist. Salt operates nearly like
melted grease upon The feet. The hoof be-
comes tough, yet pliable. Like chunk
of wood, saturated with salt or brine, it is
tough. yet moist. Thus it is with u horse
foot Here let me add that the practice OF
raspng Il cracked hoof, to tougher it, j:
folly. Apply brine and you will effect ;
cure Co{nldn'S Rurni UorM.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

Idlcness is the mother of vice, and a
boy who is allowed to grow up in it is
pretty sure to be II vicious man. The par
ents of such boys have Il fearful RESPONSE
bility resting upon them when they let
their sons run about late hours of the night
instead of keeping them at home reading
good newspapers and books, and training
them into moral habits so as to become
respectable men instead of oilers, rum
drinkers, gamblers, and loafers, which is
sure to be the case with the night-runners
and day-iders. Give the boys plenty to
do, and you will preserve their morals.
Better tired body than Il Initiated mind.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

prefer marrying good. industrious.
worthy young man in the city and have
IN easy life, than to marry country fell
low and not dare 10 think of anything but
work till was almost worked to death,
as is too often the case nowadays. Buck
eye tells us what kind of wife he wants
-one with good, sound Judgment, and
that is economical. | don't think such a
girl would choose him.-M II. f., ia Ohio
Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27
9uetru.
"a -
4 LITTLE MAIDEN.


4 little maiden turned away
From bearing all the story,
About the word of vanity,
Its kingdoms and its glory.
She turned away 10 homcly tasks,
And sang with gentle measure;
"AhI better do the right with pain,
Than do the wrong with pleasure"
Z" | was not born" the maiden sang,
"To fill my days with dancing,
Where words are light and laughter swift,
And bold, bright eyes are glancing.
The merry living others know,
God help me not to covet;
The heavy work for me to do,
God teach me how TO love it,"
And as the little maiden toiled
To do her humble duty,
Her life took on a better grace,
Her face an added beauty.
and swccter grew the gladder voice,
That sang with happy measure:
Al! who would do the wrong,
When right is trucst pleasure?"
ADES
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-11-27

Professor /. b. Arnold, writing in the
Western Adrocate of oleomargarine, says
he has not been able to get complete list
of all the manufactures of oil or butter in
the United States, but of the sixteen the
names of which have become known to
him thirteen have gone 10 the wall, though
backed with an aggregate of Sl.S9O,OO0
capital stock to start with, and the remain
der are evidently running on Il small mar
gin of profit il indeed there be any at all.