The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1878-02-07
THE PALMETTO STATE.
The Ffrs. Eettlement---Produotlo an
Resources

| ttmptS maQc Dy the French under hi.
bault and Landowners, and the ilI-fated
expedition of Sir Walter Raleigh In
| l6S4, no permanent settlement was effect.
ed in South Carolina until the arrival of
William Sayle, in 1880, who landed at
Port Royal large number of emigrants,
who had sailed with him from England
in two ships, we'll supplied with arms
and munitions of war, and all necessary
utensils for building and cultivation. In
the midst OF active arrangements for the
government and welfare of the young
Colony, Sayle died. He was succeeded
in the government by Sir John Yea
mans: who had some yeara before plant
ed Colony which he had brought from
Barbados, at Cape Fear, North Caro-.
lima.
His authority was extended 10 az TO
include both colonies. Upon the
strength of this increase of power no
gathered the planters Together end 70.
moved with large following Of Cavalier
families to the banks of the Ashley River.
for the convenience of pasturage and
tillage." This removal took place in
1911, and in the same year tho founda.
ton of Charlestown was laid "on the first
highland" on the western banka Of the
Ashley. This became and continued tho
capital Of the Southern se:tlernents until
1872, when, by formal order of the
Lord pr0prietors, removal was made to
Oyster Foint, narrow neck of land at
! the confluence of the Cooper and Ashley
Rivers, where the foundation was laid OF
the present City of Charleston. The re-
moval from the first site was made in
consequence Of the many local diBad-
yantages, especially with regard to the
want of commercial facilities, being in.
accessible to vessels of any considerable
size. BY the removal to Oyster Point,
beautiful and safe harbor, almost land.
locked, was secured, which has developed
Charleston into one of the most impor.
tant ports of entry in this country.
1t would, indeed, be pleasant TO the
writer to dwell on some of the thrilling
episodes to be found in the history of the
early settlement of Carolina, but the
| scope Of this brief introduction of eaFly
history simply to refresh the memory Of
the reader with the important facts show
ing by whom, and at what time, this
member of the "Old Tk:1teen was set
tied To these original settlers must
| not omit to mention, that in 1874, a large
| number of Dutch from Nova Belgia. row
New York, sought refuge in Carolina in
consequence OF the Conquest of their
colony by the English.
They founded o town on the south
west bank of the. Ashley, which they
called jamestown, but they afterwards
deserted it, and spread themselves
| through the country, where they were
joined by large numbers from the
"Fatherland," whose descendants are to.
Gay sume OF ouf most respected and use-
ful citizens. Subsequent to this, came
the revocation of the edict of Nantes,
and very soon after q large Influx of
French Protestants, called Huguenots,
who have furnished some of the most il.
! lustrious names IN tho history of this
bState. Of such constituents was the
early settlement of South Carolina main
| ~ composed.
! INDIGO AND RICE AGRICULTURE
at once became the leading industry of
| the people, and with the introduction of
African slavery, such rapid strides were
made in its development that tobacco
an'i indigo early became the basis of 6
considerable t.ade through the port of
J Charleston with the mother county. In
| addition to the lucrative price obtained
for indigo, handsome bonus was paid
by government for every pound imported
into England. This bonus at one time
| amounted to matter of twelve pence
per pound. This announcement go
| greatly promoted its production, and the
shipments became 80 heavy, that the
bonus was Withdrawn. The price also
became SO greatly reduced in conse.
quence of its successful cultivation in
other OF. the colonial dependencies of
Great Britain, that its propagation ulti-
mately ceased. What wes once staple
product would to-day be considered a
curiosity if seen growing.
| Towards the. close OF the seventeenth
century small parcel of rice was pre-
sented to Landgrave Smith, by Captain
1 Eradd the master of a vessel trading
from Madagascar TO Charleston. This
he distributed among mis- friends, and
planted in hie own garden in Charleston.
Prom this small beginning rice became
one of the great staples of South Caro-.
lina.. 80 great was the SUCCESS in its cul-
tivation, that, as early "a 1871, forty
thousand barrels of rice were exported.
1 Previous to the war the production of
this staple hsd assumed magnificent pro-
portions, and the rice plantations Of Car
lima were considered models of scientific
culture, while the quality of the article
was unapproachable by that grown in
any other part of the world.
COTTON.
The invention of the spinning Jenny by
Hargreayes. 1867, and subsequently pef-
fected by Arkwright, did little TO in.
crease the very small production Of cot
ton in this country. The difficulty and
expense of separating the lint or wool
from the seed vas so great as to limit ita
| production almost entirely to domestic
Use. But no SCORER did Eli Whitney in.
vent the cotton gin than the labor OF the
civilized world was revolutionized by the
impetus given to the growth of this
hitherto insignificant product.
Previous &c gee &C. the United SttatSs tta diI Il
the trifing quantity of 1855 pounds
lequal to about 277 bales) was exported
Whitney's invention came into operation
IN 1898, and in 1894 1901, ,76O pounds
and in 1895 5,276,306 pounds were ex.
| growth of this stable that the crop OF this
c0uEtry now amounts to near 5000, ,00C
bales annually. 1t wls in the years l79t
and 1856 that the planters OF Carolinz
commenced to pay serious attention tc
this cultivation, and so great was theiI
success that South Carolina was soon re.
cognized as one Of the principal cotton
States of the Union. With this brie
sketch of the introduction of Carclina',
great stanlea I'nnw propose IN d:rsct the
attention of the reader to several Other
important matters.
MANUFACTURERS.
4 South Carolina has always been EN-