The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-07-14
SCIENTIFIC NAVIGATION.
Method for Making Sandy
Hook in All Wea theirs.
MAURY OR TRUDELLE
Advancing the American Oificers Cam
to the Discovery.

dslie's method OF making sandy Hook in togsy
weather, which the HERALD published some weeks
ago, has been iuy recognized. and on all hands the
gallant captain has been made the recipient Of earnest
and warm congratulations. While recognizing Tue
value Of Captain rrudelies pl. many naval officers,
trends oil the late Lieutenant Maury hold the op'nion
that OF the cred OF this method belongs
10 The deceased eutonanL These claims based on
the method OF making Sandy Hook all wsathers
which part OF the 'saiug orders Issued 10 navi-
gators while Lieutenant Aaury was IN the ydroCraphc
omca
MAuEy's PLAN
Tho better to show the excellent and safe land
marks which afforded to the navigator Tor
making Sandy Hook ana It's lights the Maury chart
was constructed from the best data extant winch,
though not perhaps complete, Is sufficient TO sui
hcenlly bring out the slriking 0. those marks
10 enable them be readily recognized. BY color
log the excellent character OF the marks
which are Afforded Dy 1t, whom taken IN connection
with the depth, ID striking. The so1ndings aud the
bottom tho authority OF charts OF The Coast
Survey. With this information on chart before
him the navigator who uses The lead, keeps his run
Ana pays attention 10 the water thermometer. viii
not be much need OF written sailug directions.
10 such a navigator the map itself Is all that
Is required, us il shows that there are no hidden
hangers TO apprshend; that the bottom marks the
way, and tho log. lead LOOKOUT viii not fail to
point II out and " earthly the position OF The ship
before she the land 100 closely
As tho navigator approaches the western shore OF
the Atlantic from any port bsyosd The Gun stream
he is may be warned of the iact by the water
thermometer. The inner edge Of the Gui stream Is,
with rare exceptions, well marked. The eastern or
outer edge not so we'll marked Once IN II be
should. however accur.ts his reckoning supposed
10 be- nave frequent recourse water theriuom-
nv IN n teu II. II
Anew miles, when lie leaves The inner edge oil Inc
mrsam and enters the COLD water between II and The
shors.
Warned BY the water thermometer and the deep
lead that ne is inside tue Cuff Stream, or that lie has
passed. 40 the 30 ixthom curve and IS noarng
Sandy HOOK, the lead shouid be Kept constantly
gong, especially IN The ngni or in iogsy or tnTsasn
Ing weather.
NATURE OF TIKI BOTTOM
BY referring 10 The Surroundings, his rate OF sailing
ana The cnart the navigator Will be informed Sill
surely 10 The position ot The vessel, Tor the
approaches are shown on tbis chart ~ be 80 wei
marked by the kind OF bottom anu The deptn vi water
hat nothing but Stress vi weather or the utmost reck
sssness should DO regarded either or excuse
sufficient Tor putting vessel on shore. She may have
Lost her reck aud The weather may be thick, still
the marks under 1901 piaa that sue not II
her master Will Try them get into any danger from
lns shore WITHOUT h IS KNOW ledge As one approaches
Sandy HOOK from ard ana shoals the wafer less
Than 30 or 70 aIhoms the bottom is elmer mud, o0ze
or sand-lha IL these are .s chief characteristics
Therefore, When The navigator, consulting this chart
mus thai MS soundings change from mud 10 SAND
he Is inisr that he Knows exactly and TO Tue
y,
sneula proceed even IA tue best cer,ned cases. Us
xh Aad doubt MIS- position by several
miles AZ IeasI, and continue to iee his way eau
uousiy the rate al winch be Is suoapg water,
taken connection Win the course hs has been
stssring tns distance he hAs run, or the muahoies
or the gulles which connect Them, or the pebble VI
gravel banks which stand 10Th as beacon And n
isnasr sue Long Island and Jsrssy shore. Or the
lights or the unmistakabis landmarks ashore or AZ
The bottom make assurance doubiy sure. and leave
HIM room 70 uoubt where he Ia
rHx CURVED LINKS.
trcnuing along with the jersey shore pretty we'll,
takes, upon reaching the paraiisl VI Sandy Hook,
turn ard aud runs oil The chart, where
the bottom ~ very uneven. he 80 fathom curve
sonforms more nearly win the Jersey ana Long IL
land shore lines IN It's direction Starting from the
parallel oil 80 degrees II runs along with The Jersey
shore Ie until II approaches within nit.cn or twenty
miies OF Inc parallel Of Sandy HOOK. mere IL turns
runs irregusriy win the Long Island shore ins
until MVntauk Poiut Ia brought 10 boar northwest,
funhing sumo distance by irregular curves over
muddy bottom II DIPS down over sandy bottom 10
nsar Ins Nantucket shoals. From Cape May " Bar
psgat the wafer between the 20 aud AZ tathom
curves shoals SO gradually mat the depth -
not very good guiac US TO the distance
from The suors; Ut least, It should not 10
sonsidsrcd n nearer guide than Twelve
niles On Barnesat Tue 20 iatnom curve
lurns to the westward. gradually approaching the
Jersey shore until II strikes mat singular range OF
holes, shaded ON the chart, whirh seem TO DO cJn-
nsctea by gully or channel way--aIso shaded On the
enarl-not deep tbs noles, but deeper than tue
surrounding water Here at tue distance OF n or 70
miles south from Hog Island Inlet, 1t turns and
or miles toward AontauK PoinI, and above
and beyond Block Island, where t becomes Irregular,
WIN SANDY bottom all the way. From Montauk folnt
the IL iabom curve runs along the shore until IL
on Fire Island luist; here, making bxnt, IL runs
Close IN win the beach aud theu gradually recedes
until 1t gets or mics oil from IT, Turning Ia front
OF the enlrsnce TO sanay HOOK II sweeps down inside
Vi the lgntboat and runs very nearly along win the
Jersey shore, which u gradually approaches, except
whore II makes another bght marked Oh the chart,
until the head oil Barnega, Bay Is rescnea, where It
close m IL tncu gradually recedss unu Cape May
IL
THE DEEr HoLks
Lying TO the southwark eastward from Sandy
Hook remarkable hoes--shaded On the chart
aayns Their deepest parts IRON ~ IL IL iathoms
more water than Is iound immediately around them.
Beginning win the ouier one--ior the one to the
south OF L. That IL surrounded ny pcUbies Is not
pcetsd WIN II by the guv-ano taking them ~ order
ircm seaward, conies hrst tho Us atnon roe, with
mud IL the dsepest part surrounded ny sand.
Fourth l32 isthom mole. Dcptn from ~ 80 80 ath-
pfns sand Snsiis, pebbles aud gravel, surrounded
~ from 10 toas iathDus; length, ncrtn-sorinwcst.
miles; breadth, nile ms IS connected by gully
VI from 10 " ~ iatnoms WIN tho ''hrst 81 iathom
soc," aud may DC cOnsidcrou ms u Uigbt IN The ~
athom curve, rsacbing no toward SANDY HOOK aud
oming witnin about IL miles southeast Of the light
Flnh and sixth III and % iathom bolss). These
.wo holes appear 10 be joined together they 40
north ana SOUTH anu are mi,vs long ny ;, broad;
depth, Irom 10 10 80 Lannon's, sandy aud muudy bot
TOM from IL ~ IL athoDs sand or sand gravel
near tee edges Fifteen latnoms may De carried
neaIy ny 10 me hgb tship This range 81 holes, with
the lg,sbp at The cDu, aud the 80 atbom mole al the
o:bxr 30 miles long aud Il oro, at the QUITE, emu,
IL IRON 10 tatboms water tnau l. to loud
side OF ~, and therefore, IA connect on wnu
the pebble banks 10 the svuth~ard and westward oil
tnen they constitute Tue best landmarks posIbe Tor
ruutng DARK ana through toys, safely into IL
10 Ialonis and whin sigbt OF hail vf the lghtsbp.
study the peculIarics which marx ms series ol
holes, which aie Geh0 Cd by tie KIND O bottom as
~vl Wy the depth, aud observing sso the Tact that
with barely exception, ali the pebUly patches OF
note OF tne Jersey shore, iuside tue 80 Isthom
curve sud the southwsrd Or westward Of TINS iange
o. holes ana noung also The iong ravei bed south VI
Montang Point VIII be at once OBVIOUS 10 the ntvi-
gator well the approaches from me sea 10 tue
igbtshp are marked. HIS guides mere. log and lead
are better than any LANDMARKS ashore bee use land
marks ashore my b. hidden IA iogs aud the dark Out
here navigator has then under loot aud eau, Wy
feeling, tell within limleI compass hIs true place
wnen the navigator huds the vessel IN ~ ia,bonis
anu ~ still doupiu as to her position let him always
stocr north norm nortbvast, never west vi NORM
Now. notinK The rate ~ winch sue shoals her water-
Ivr n sue be 81 Jersc: shore she will suoa II
slvwtv u al af-aud fecoioctng the course she has
bsea slesribg the water she has ufougbt aong and
III. vltom has had, will generally before. but
ff Iult iuNp