davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13

different varieties of Mangoes, Lit
chez, Lime, Lemon, Orange. Sbad.
dock, Guavas and many others. each
growing apart as specimen trees
these besides being useful for the
fruit they bear-being select and
choice as to kind-are made use Of
IN furnishing the buds. etc.. for
propagatlng whole host of useful
and ornamental plants are scattered
over the ground. 1t is an object
here to have the best one representa-
tive plant permanently planted and
thus have the material at hand 70
work from. Every vacant space not
occupied by the permanent represen-
tatlves Is put to use, and plants in all
stages OF propagation and prepara-
ton Tor sale are scattered promiscu-
ously throughout. Plants that will
grow from cuttings are increased
freely under the prevailing shade
without protection, the layering and
marching is done wherever a branch
is suitable and near the ground, and
If distant from the ground, table
OF bamboo is made high enough to
reach the branches whereon to place
the pots containing the earth. In
the botanical Gardens some of these
tables are carried to an elevation Of
9O to 60 feet with separate ladder
each to enable the propagator to
operate. There YOU will find some
plants that never have been duplicat
ed, and are the sole living r6presen-
'-e.t 500, - ssl*:, .;->-,. -Is,--.---.--
upon which every effort has been
made in vain to obtain another At
the beginning Of this century ii was
obtained from country not now ac-
'essible and planted out in the place
t now occupies, the propagator, a
10Y when it was planted was 20
ears trying without success, every
ay during that time he tended upon
he layers he was in hopes of roofing.
When first operated on the branches
Tere convenient to the ground and
efore the old man died he had to
scend and descend over 40 feet to
nd from the nearest branch. 1t was
labor Of love to the last as every
ther plant was plastic under his care
nd this defed him; when he died
was his wish and he was put along
ide of the tree he labored at so long,
S unique memorial as could well be
onceived.
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13

SCIENCE.
BY PROFESSOR, j. II. FOWLER.
Editor Florida A1,1celt,o.ist

Ettt0r FLORIDA Ag,Tculterist:
In your paper Of the 2nd inst
Some Facts from Practical Agri.
culturlst." concerning orange culture
are well stated and cannot be over
estimated. What the author saws,
concerning one Of these Important
facts, leads him to the subject of this
article, and affords me an excellent
opportunity to approach it, at the
same time, to say something also i'm
portant, concerning orange culture.
TT ON BUDDING SWEET SEEDLINGS
to make them bear sooner, the author
says;
'SThis is another error Instead of
early bearing being desirable thing
be deplored +" g But if you wish
to have few trees put on fruit prem
aturely take limb from the top of
a tree and bend it down and tie 1t it
will be very apt to bear the next sea-
son an upright limb rarely bears
fruit. I simply state the~@.tact and
leave it for the scientific to explain.
/ have long since ceased to be dew
ctee at the shrine Of Science. | have
found her to be an arrant humbug."
SCIENCE EXPLAINS
every movement of matter, organic,
or purely physical-is an act of Force
or Energy. To quote from a dis
tinguished Scientist. "The propo-
sition that the entire energy existing
in the universe is magnitude as def
mite and Interchangeable as the quantl-
ty OF matter which ii contains; is now
considered one Of the Wost fundamen'
tai and far reaching in natural phllos-
ophy.''
j. "The conversion Of one manifest
alton of energy into another, takes
place with as great certainty and
absence of waste and with the same
integrity of elementary magnitude,
as the more formal conversion of foot
pounds into kilogrammetres: " Z. e.
Force OF Eiaergy, whether exhibited
as headlight, electricity, mechanical
power, living vitality, or motion Of
whatever kind, or existing in what is
called a latent or concealed form, is
always an indistructable and, in es
sence, Interchangeable element. c. 9
The Sun is perpetually dispensing
Eneyay to the Earth in the form o
heat and light The entire energy
thrown off from the Sun being esti
mated scientifically, to be that OF
60 horse power engine for every
square inch of its immense surface
A definite portion of this energy il
absorbed,-not loSt-but changed il
form, in the growing OF tree as wei
as in every physiological action IL
the vegetable or animal kingdom.
If the tree be burned without los
of wood and the heat derived be ap
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13
TROPICAL NURSERIES.
British India.
Editor Florida AmioFtwist:
Continued

Editor Florida AGioFeTiSt:
Continued
Having said this Pch without
exhausting a most lfpifc subject,
to which 1 hope again Eorecur | will
bring under notice b ways and
means employed by n Industrious
class of people who mi the require
ments of the fruit grFers by sup
plying the plants wlfwith to set
out. One city will 4 Fee and will
give an idea of the KDduce of all
the rest. In the slarbs of Cal
cutta, in Bengal, maj hundreds of
Hindoos and Mahdhdans make
their living by raisineblnts tor sale.
The chief resort is y place called
Mannicktollah situatd our miles TO
the north of the city here congre-
gated within an ard dof about a
square mile probabl. hundred or
more of industrious intelligent
Hindoos of the Mall9r gardening
caste ply an activefl increasing
trade, and all of th1 owner and
workmen, live in c4rt in their
hut in the midst Z heir several
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13
LeCOnte Pear.

In answer to many letters OF in
quiry where cuttings, of this pear can
be procured, we refer them to Judge
G. l.. Harden of Walthonville, Lib
erty county Georgia, who can furn-
ish them in small quantities.
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13


these men, is familiar with the names
Of the plants both in the native Ian
guage and in that known in garden
ing in Europe and America although
few can hold conversation in Eng
lish. 1t becomes rather amusing
under the circumstances, TO hear
them pronounce the names of roses
and other French specialties, and
their mimic of Partisan is better
than their hearers. No label distin-
guis hes one plant from another, yet
amid so much similarity, habit and
repute has rendered them exception
ally sensitive regarding distinctions
and they are never puzzled nor put
out by the most difficult subject and
at once name it correctly. All the
operations Of propagation are in
progress at all seasons of the year,
although the months cf rain, from
June to November, are those of the
greatest activity. Warehouses are
supplied on the ground and to order
with plants, and besides a whole
host Of itinerant venders with bas-
kets containing an assortment OF
plants on their heads 90 from hence
each morning and parade the city
and vicinity from door to door sell
ling what they can. Plants are sent
by rail and other modes of convey
ance over the whole country and
their mode of packing is so perfect
that plants arrive at their destination
IGls 70 aOtener Eft1 = strfusojl .s.as.s,Je.s-,
fairs and gatherings of people and |
N the excitement attending such,
catch customers " are secured who
would not otherwise buy. These
agents may be seen with their stock
and in some cases, thous-
lnds Of miles from the place where
he plants are raised.
This region OF nurserymen is en-
cred from the road beyond the fam
JUS Mahratta ditch the latter giving in
slang parlance name to the city and
is inhabitants as the "ditch and
ditchers y. The approach does ;
lot impress the casual observer ac- ;
to the aspect of the vege ;
alton Of the jungle in this part of {
ndia, but to stranger it has fea- ];
ures incomparably grand. The
mass Of vegetation comprising cocoa
tut palms from the germ issuing ;
rom the husk to the Patriach of the {
grove towering so to 100 feet, the
,reat nuts nesting aloft in large clus-
ers among the leaves in all stages
If ripening The Bette palm, lik- !
ned by some writers "to an arrow
hot from heaven-its shaft and l
,lumes of feathery leaves graceful
n the extreme, the Bengal Date l
Palm, scarifed on its trunk and l
lwindled in its growth by the annu'
i incisions made to obtain its juices t
or Intoxicating purposes and to :
sugar, is almost unrec- t
,gnisable from its graceful proper +
ions when grown for its fruit, the {
.igantic stems of the Bamboo 60 to I
o feet high bending to every breeze
While the massive foliage Of the |
Banana hides the vista at every turn.
From scenes like these the mind might {
steal -,
lore charms than painters arts reveal"
Issuing along the narrow path
gays that lead to the nurseries un-
er notice, brushing against laby-
inth of underground as diverse as
ould be wished-fowers and fruit
verywhere till we reach the gardens,
ntering one of them we find the
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13

cal power thus derived will not only
be the exact eQWcdlem of that de.
rived from the sun in the growth Of
the tree, but it will be esseatiolzu Mt
sdnae.-I do not mean merely that
identical heat, which was communi.
Gated to the elements of matter from
the Suns rays, during the time of the
growth OF the tree, but to include all
employed in the preparation of all
the elements of growth, and working
Tor ages prior to the trees existence.
i SIMPLY mean to say that a certain
and definite quantity OF energy is alb.
sorbed by the growth of each tree,
and this same. energy-now in the
tree once in the Sun-may be con.
veyed to, or converted into the me-
chanical power of steam engine
1t is as indistructable and in essence
as Interchangeable as the atoms of wa
ter themselves. And that quantity
or magnitude absorbed in the growth
OF tree, is as capable of exact state
ment, as the numbers of mathematics.
or the number of pounds of wood
contained in the tree
1t is very easy to see that if the
power of a steam engine is employed
to drive a mill saw, that same power
cannot be employed to drive planer
and that if the power of the engine
is only sufficient for the saw. what
ever is given to any other work must
detract just so much from the saw it
organic peilg7-eanlln;.f VI prs.-s !
employ force beyond a limited quan-
iity, and when an individual is build
inc up its own structure or growing,
its normal or natural maximum limit |
Of available force is required for that |
so that if any part of that
force be diverted to any other use,
the growth of the individual is by SO
much, retarded precisely on the same
that the speed of mill saw
would be retarded by diverting a
portion of the force of the engine to
planning. When the young orange
tree is growing, all the force it can
command is required to build up its
own structure and Nature orders,
that while this is being done, while
the tree is growing, fruit bearing
shall be suspended. 1t is the same
with animal as with plant. But by
man often, and sometimes by natural
courses, an abnormal condition, Of
what may be called prematurity is
brought about, consequently fruiting
or reproduction takes place, but
always at the expense of individual
growth, often of health and some
times of life. To gather up, to pre-
pare or digest and convey to grow
ing tissue the necessary elements of
matter, requires energy or force, and
when all the energy that plant or
animal can command is required, for
the healtbfnl performance of its own
proper physiological functions, as is
usually the case with every young
plant or young or working animal, it
is not possible to divide this force
with offspring without detriment to
the parents. Hence early bearing
should be deplored.
THE MANIFESTATION OF MATURITY,
in plants and animals are usually
very conspicuous. E. G. The author
says: "An upright limb rarely ever
bears fruit, y" A limb bent down and
tied down will be very apt to bear
the next season." All upright limbs
are young and rapidly growing.
Bent down limbs indicate age and
The Florida agriculturist., 1878-11-13

grow slowly, usually all the limbs of
a young tree are upright, while those
upon older trees curve downward
hence an orange tree pruned to a
clean stem three feet high with limbs
nearly upright az four to ten years
or age will be likely to trail the ex-
tremites of the lower limbs on the
ground, at twenty, or the full bearing
period.
1t is evident that the slow growth
of the bent down limbs leaves
unused such a proportion of energy
in the tree or curved parts that a
certain condition and action not yet
clearly understood, is produced
which diverts portion Of this force
from producing wood to producing
fruit The most active vital parts of
the bent down limb on the buds.
The energy in theseno longer used to
increase size and multiply those parts,
may now be used to produce fruit,
and IN conformity with the order of
Nature above referred to. One of
the effects of bending down the limbs
is to check the flow of sap and doubt
less other currents are also checked.
The same or similar effects are pro-
duced by pruning the roots away, by
girdling or otherwise mutilating the
limb OF whole tree. / have had very
young trees bear fruit the next sea-
son after severe frost had SO Grid
led the small trunk that they have
died the coming Fall loaded with
he e Summer. err Ailsfnelsssss4 " y astsags
% fruit.
BY GRAFTING OR BUDDING,
here is produced a structure of
woody tissues, at the point of uniou,
50 d ferentss from that Of the other
parts of the tree, that there is always
4 sort of node formed, and doubtless
the circulation is there modified, so
that the condition Of the inserted sci
on or bud, becomes SIM liar to that OF
a girdled or beat down limb, or of an
older tree. This modification hastens
the bearing period. That this result
is produced at the pointof junction,
is evident, from the fac1 that scion
or bud, inserted in the t Zee whence it
is taken, will bear Just aFsoon as ifta
ken from any other tref
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25

eyes, father, but I'm thinking of the one
that's left, for all / cried a little guess
you were near right about getting him some
thing nice. He's but boy yet, and he'd
think more of Christmas, and perhaps Of the
child that was born on Christmas, il we
show him that Jesus has made our hearts
little more tender"
What it cost that hard reserved woman
to say that, none knew, but think her hus-
band felt dimly how she must have fought
with herself, and he was silent for some
time. At last he said, with tone of glad
ness in his voice, My dear, I'm glad to get
him something. He's good boy, Ned is"
What pleasant time they had, and how
they caught the spirit of Christmas They
bought a sled and skates, book or two
and candies, and Mrs. lIuntley found Jack
knife that was Just the thing Ned wanted
Then she said to her husband
I'D like TO buy something for Mamie. 1t
will be nice TO buy girls present"
Their hearts ached little as they chose
a wonderful little wash-tub and board, with
a clothes-horse TO match How Polly's eyes
would have shone at these
Meantime, Ned unused over his mothers
tears and her strangely kind tones, and
thought Il wonder if she's going TO be as
good to me as she was to Polly hated TO
hear Mamie talk about Santa Claus. Polly
used to talk Just that way, and we did have
such good times. used to get skates and
things at Christmas, but now I get some
handkerchefs, or lot of shirts 1t makes
me mad" Then Ned fell asleep, and so the
mother found him. She woke him gently
and he went off TO bed, bewidered by more
kind words.
Morning dawned and Ned hurried down
to light the fire in the kitchen, but he went
no further than the sitting-room. There
was sled, a splendid one-a pair of skates
and books He put his hands in his pockets
TO take long stare, and felt something
strange in one of them. Why There was
a beautiful knife
Mother came in and watched his face, but
at sight of her the boy fairly broke down.
Laying his head on her shoulder, ats like
Polly come back he said
And so it was, and 50 it continued to be
ST Nicholas
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
MEDICAL HOME FOR INVAL|DS


No. 20s Shawmut Avenue,
BOSTON, MASS.
For the treatment Of Paralysis, Determines, Spi-
nal and Nervous Diseases, Epilepsy, Bysteria,
General Debility, rheumatism and ali fnfiain-
matory Diseases, Sciatica, Neuralgia. sprains,
Diseased Joints and Muscles, Dyspepsia, De-
insntia. and all Brainal Diseases.
This Institution IL handsome. substantial building six
stories high most pleasing perspective IA commanded
from is windows. The locality r. the most desirable
In the city. The internal economy of the establishment II
admirable The light and airy, and their turni-
tre elegant and tasteful. The effect upon the mind Of
patient Of living in home 20 well ordered cannot but he
beneficial ana conducive to TO health and vigor
This l. private and rst-class institution where patients
are taken Of the family, with Board. Nursing and
Medical Treatment and has been in successful operation
twelve years The Presiding Physician himself re-
stored from Paralysis 10 perfect health.
Patients desiring Medical Treatment outside Of the Home
will he accommodated Engagements for Board and Medi
cal Treatment shunld he male with
DIR. GEORGE ". RHODES.
A-75H Resident Physician.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25

r. H. EDDY.
No. 10 State ST.. opposite KiIby. Boston,

Secures Patents In the United States also in Britain
France and other foreign countries. Copies
any faent furnished by remttng dollar. Assignments
recorded nj Washington. No Agcy The United States
possesses superior Jdces for obtaining Patents
taintng The pdfe fdbtlity Of intentions.
X. II. EDDY, solicitor of Patents.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
Ayers Cherry Pectoral,


The few compositions, which have won the confidence Of
mankind aud become household words among not only
but many nations, must have extraordinary virtues. Per
has no one ever secured wide reputation main
tanned 1t long, ArER's CHERRY PEoroRAL. It has
been known 10 the public about forty years by long
tnued series OF marvellous cures, that have for 1t
confidence In It's virtues never equaed by any other ne
cine II still makes the most enectua Coughs
Coids, Consumption, that he made by medical skill.
Indeed, the CHERRY rRoToRAL has really robbed these
dangerous diseases OF their terors great and
given feeling Of immunity from their fatal effects, that Is
well founded II the remedy he taken in Every
family should have In their closet for the ready and
prompt relief of It's members Sickness suffering,
life is saved by this timely protection. The prudent
should neglect 1t. and the wise will not. Keep it by
you for the protection it affords by lis timely sudden
attacks
PREPARED BY
DR.. j. G. Aver a. Co., Lowell, Mass,
Practical and Analytical Chemists.
SOLD ny ALL DRUGGISTS AND DEAL
(26l ERs IN MEDICINES. GID
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
SANFORD'S RADICAL CURE

Messrs. Weeks Ioner Gentlemen, / feel compelled to
acknowledge TO the great benefit SASFoRDs RADICAL
CunE has been TO me. For ten years have been afflicted
with this Qnsome disease and especially In the winter
time has u been most The discharge has heen
thick and bloody emitting foul oor had that my pres
ence In y room with others offensive to them.
One week after commencing the OF SASFoRp's RAD
CAL CuRR was not troubled with II Mt all. My
taste and SMELL which uhOHv gone have now fully
returned, and my general health IL much improved.
Yours, MELBOURNE n. FORD,
,,,, a., Short Hand Writer
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25

LECTURE BEFoRE THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BoARp
or AGRICULTURE, ON !HE Urn INSTANT, BY lios'
Il. II. BENNETT, TAUNTON, MASS.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
Price % Cents

BE careful to obtain COLLINS voLTAC PLASTER lest you
get worthless imitation Sold by all Whole e and
Retail Druggists throughout the United States and Canadas
and by WEEKS POTTER, Proprietors Boston, Mass.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
TESTIMONIILS.

regard Mr.. Eddy as one of the capable and
cesQn practitioners with whom have hal official inter-
course. CHARLES MASON,
Commissioner OF Patents
Inventors cannot employ person Trustworthy or
more capable of securing for them early and favorable
consideration at the Patent Office.
EDNUND UITRKF
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
RIGHTS IN THE ROAD.

If farm deed is bounded by, on or upon
a road, it usually extends to the middle of
the roadway. The farmer owns the soil OF
half the road, and may use the grass, trees,
stones, gravel, sand or anything of value to
him, either on the land or beneath the sur
face, subject only to the superior rights of
the public to travel over the road, and that
of the highway surveyor to use such mate
rails for the repair of the road and these
materials he may cart away and use else
where on the road. No other man has
right to feed his cattle there, or cut the
grass or trees, much less deposit his wood,
old carts, wagons or other things thereon
Is Met, SIG; s Allen, 473 Pa. st. 1860
The owner of a drove of cattle which stops
to feed in front of your land, or of a drove
OF pigs which root up the soil, is responsit =
to you at law, as much as if they DID Die
same things inside the fence Nobody's
children have right to pick up the apples
under your trees, although the same stand
wholly outside of your fence. No private
person has right to cut or lop off the limbs
II your trees in order to move his old barn
or other buildings along the highway a
Cush, 1879 and no traveller can hitch his
horse to your trees in the sidewalk without
being liable, if he gnaws the bark or other
wise Injuries them (54 Me-, 46O). If your
well stands partly on your land and partly
outside the fence, no neighbor can use it
except by your permission. Nay, more, no
man has right to stand in front of your land
and insult you with abusive language with
out being liable to you for trespassing on
your land al Barb, 1907. He has right
to pass and repass in an orderly and becom-
ing manner; a right to use the road, but not
to abuse it. But notwithstanding the farmer
owns the soil of the road, even he cannot
use it for any purpose which interferes with
the use of it by the public for travel. He
cannot put his pig-pen, wagons, wood or
other things there, if the highway surveyor
orders them away as obstructing public
travel. If he leaves such things outside his
fence, and within the limits of the highway
as actually laid out, though some distance
from the travelled path, and traveller runs
into them in the night and is injured, the
owner is not only liable to rim for private
damages % Conn, 225), but may also be
indicted and fined for obstructing a public
way. And if he has a fence or wall along
the highway he must place it all on his own
land, and not half on the road, as in the case
of division fences between neighbors q
Gray, 2l5). But as he owns the soil, if the
road is discontinued, or located elsewhere,
the land reyerts to him, and he may enclose
it to the centre and use it as part of his
farm.
GuxT WI
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
Mew eadrerfisenlrntS.
ClA[TlAlRlRlH

OF Ten Years Duration. The
Discharges Thick, Bloody &
of Foul Odor. The Senses of
Smell & Taste Wholly Gone.
Entirely Cured by
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-25
LATER.

Gentlemen The package Of sANTonD's CrRE arrived
here fortnight all right don't know what should have
done II had not been for this remedy have tried Ma
sal Donches and everything else and although have
able TO stop the Offensive discharge have not been able
recover senses Of taste and smell until tried SANPoRD's
CURE. lon refer any you choose to me, and will
cheerfuy Inform them In detail the benefit the
esly has been to me.
Yours MELBOURE II. FORD,
Grand Ilapi1s, Mich, November 49, ls5g.