New-York tribune., 1878-04-18

we obtain wafer spout one mile high.
opy indicated when approaching by the boiling of the
sea- but sometimes by white cloud IN elear shS
The descent on the cloud brings with IL furious tor
nadO bastOrm took place IN northampton, MassJ;'
June 90 1870 which is described III SHimdns Journal
Some OF tbe hailstOnes weighed bali pound eaeh. In
one OF these the Rev Mr. Hovey counted thirteen
The speaker OF opinion that this hastone hau
ptched and tossed between uprising column and the
cloud taking successive layers OF ice and snow uht 1t
rent Professor Loums has shown by calculation tne
speed OF the current necessary to hold up stones Oh 0
Professor H. f. Peters the astronomer. discussed the
mathematical formula and Professor Ferrel Teped 10
Trow6ridge the origin OF the great force exhlbed
by whrlwinds ana tornadOes in the West Professor FER
rel stated that difference or 0ne-alT III the tesou Di
inside and outside ar would give the lover 10 S
tiOn OF Professor j. Lawrence smith. Geneia ihgn @
described the work OF wateTspout In NOfth Caio-
developed over a space OF dteen by twenty miles IL
occurred on the side OF mountain nc an eieVatVh VI
1000 feet The slope of the mountain at TINS oht was
about 2Jo. Tnc waerspout eat through 20 sola Toc
with clean edges along lts track The calculated thSh
ninety feet Evidently. he thought, volume Of water
had fallen suddenly. The time 0l Passaso hau pfe,
estimated at three minutes, but at the lowest calculation
less 10000 cubic feet OF water came down III
this mass
Professor H. F. Peters, of Clinton, y. Y. celebrated as
scoverer Of numerous asteroids, kept the attention of
the Academy FOR few moments 10y exhibiting charts OF
stars near tie Zodiac which he had carefully prepared
with researches for small planets Charts ike
these IN principle have been prepared by d. Chacorhac'
OF Marseiiles, beginning abCuL fifteen years ago.
These French chars had not proved sufficiently accurate
elaborate tO serve the purposes OF Professor
4 few months ago he received chart rOn professor
Ienry Of Paris ht asked the attention OF the Academy
10 hr differences Of stellar positions IN INC WORK OF hc
Partisan astronomers ana his own Their chart We're,
how ever, beautifully finished Professor Peters mas now
ls2 Oi his cuart, pre- ared
THE SATELLITES OF MARS.
The dscoverer Of the Martial moons, Professor Asaph
Hall gave essay their orbits. lie has been at Woik
for several months in calculating the elements OF these
orbits from the Washington observations. As yet,
he has not received IN fun the oJscrya-
lions Of European astronomers. lie explained the
method employed IN these reductions, and showed why
what Is called the graphic method serves better lOr
approximations with such objects than that Wnch
Gauss devised. With the graphic method ihe ciicul--
tlons ore made rom the properties OF spherical trl-
eight equations for the inner hoDosl, seNcLty-elsL
and seven Unknown quantities. were cnpoYed III M the
equation or position, cntaIng long ana tedious "OIA
Some OF the results are as follows;
Demos.........-......... 80 Z 53;g Sog57 9'5I
II viii be noticcd that the cccantrciiy Of the inner
satellite i large. THIS ls tue reverse OF WHAT "Oa9
be expected II she dminntion "f lts orbit I pad
been ogcasioncd by resisting medium. But
IL shOuld be said that Tie Observations were
exceedingly difficult. and the error, %1ul H Il0st
affect eerncuis Of the inner planet Yet varidns
circumstances so confirmed ihse oDaell tat ie
- inclined to regard the calculated tCoe.'rlei,s 10 %
stautaliy representing the fact Iho determination Ol
the Mars rom one satellite Htdly
with that furnished ny the utn'fhh1 t'
within probable er.Ur the result being gO2JOoO OF ne
suns that OF II. l." Nerrier which Professor ii
said hc WlN not yel Weplreu - ulSpi'., ~n"S ~ az W W
lg.5n,go0. Observations from Harvard, GIdsSo" ana
FutOwa have been received from Whlch ltcsi cdtuLt-
uous can bt made as to me saJt!i1Ie1 Ie lroiI7or
calculates that by November, 1879, when there WIZ bf
n new opportunity FOR observation, DeimOs VIII nave
made $50 and PnObos 2.i7O revolutions. Tue di.hee
from primary OF tHc outer satellite - calculated ~
l25OO mlles Of the inner 3tuO-ahout rs taf as from
Professor Ncwc5mb said he differed from Professor
IIa M one point he could NOS agree 10 acctpl hf
older calculations 10 the mass Of Mars He regarded
the ncw ones, founded OU The satellites ~ 'ar more
trustworthy, and quite nj To De- -uD'I,luse" III Tte C
cUHtIun- Professor Han tAahNgI Iloi 's,or NOl"
FOR tn, xpr,0u OF opinion. aud stat thai the pi0-
Die error for DuuO- o. ll2 anu for Phobca " 0Jl
MEA~URING THE SALT IN NE sEA.
Professor Hnlgard described and exhibited an "opti-
cd ocean sannometer." The determination OF
the saliuity of the sea at different depths and
lnralitles has become matter Of importance
for scentinc purposes. The difference Of percent
age Of salt. away from the access OF fresh water
streams small 10 be very dlllcut 10 measure
The ordinary arcOuOtJr, which operates Dy Hoa',
ing cannot be d,licatcy observed m vessel
which j. tossing up md down al sea; having lh'nie
rry good instrument Oi this sort, Professor lgrd -
prepared 10 Judge of iis luadeIna'y. Ihe sE-tT'oh
had been made b. Professors liarScr ana biDDS thht
Oplicai could be usrd ID meet the want ffoie
-0r lligard showed an Instrument made long Eme
ago with tnat principle involved II was ShaltU IIhr
-x.ant wnicG WI. expected 10 make II come handy TO
mariners: but M actual u-e II proved unsatisfactory
Thc new instrument ~ IN appearance, llh% svo'tU
scope with telescope attach o. Inc sea water 10 oc eA
amncdI poured into triangular bJt "hicA taxes l'
place Of the PRISM In the sp'ctIuscOIc List "a uat
led through sit made 10y covering VITA black Fainlsh
an except space IN lens, aud lamp eau De
placed pcfprr hs si al parts peihg pr"cn,a1
against shaking by the motion O ship FRO eSsor H-
gard said tuat with ts instrument very regular scale
OF values had been attained.
Professor Pumpcly delivered a long aud Interesting
eXuauaton of relation OF lucss to drltt IL called
ot mucn discussiun and very fayOraby recelyedby
the gculogsts present Professor Elliott COucs read ~
the absence OF author, paper by Professor y ;;
Packard ir Some CHARACTERISTICS OF the Central
ZO0logy Of United states. The session Was unusually
fTf
valuable essays entered u large that steady "ofk Tor
Two OF three days is Deeded In finish their reading