The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1878-02-08
Ihegntelliqettrtr

Dispatches from Rome tece''eu ye''eI
l., ,i,srpoon announce the death Of this
i'.,i,,ui.hcd Pfelate, which took place
,I,CrN, John Maria Mastai FerretIi
-, born May 18th, 1892, at sinIgaglia
,ncoos. He was appointed ArchbishoF
# sDole,o in 1927. In 1870 he obtained
,Is dignity Of Cardinal, and was elected
+, ,ecl.ma.ion the successor of Pope
Gregory XvIin June 1916, when he took
do name Of Plus TX. Soon after hi'
,.Ssbn he granted amnesty to all politi'
q, ,ran.gremors, and acquired great
popularity by various measures OF re-
h,u. Iii. reforms were partly fruS'
,,,el by the i'll will Of many OF his
lopc,iOnaries, who opposed innovations.
IIh popularity began to decline before
n. end Of 1871. Excited and elated by
,bs French Revolution the Italian liber-
4. demanded greater concessions than
,bs Pore was willing 10 grant. After
,.,s,,l violent demonstrations Of the
noDol.re. Plus lX lied from Rome
!, 5i.,ai.e IN November 1918, and retired
70 gleta. A republic wal organized at
Rom. in February 1919, but was sub
y,,,,l by French army, which took the
rilr ia July Of that year and restored the
pOpe. Among the later events Of his
,,,n wu the formal annunciation
ot the doctrine Of the immaculate
Conception as a part Of the Roman
Catholic creed, which took place in
1874. Daring the war which Austria
v,se l,agains; the French and Sardinians
in 1859, the people oIEthe lsomagna and
the legations ;revolted against the Pope,
.al the Plpal States were annexed to the
kingdom Of Victor Emmanuel. In jan
nlry 1860, the Pope is'ned IN anathe'
ma, or bull, against those who
sbetled the invasion Of his domin.
ion., and about this time he also
e.communicated Victor Emmanuel.
Rome wH declared the capital OF the
new kingdom Of Italy in 1860, since which
time the question oil the PoPe's temporal
power has remained in suspense as one
Of the great problems Of European diplo-
mry. The recognition OF the kingdom
Of Italy By the French court in 1861 was
accompanied by the reservation that
French troops shall continue TO occupy
Rom, SO long a, the interests which
tausd their presence shall not be pro-
trle by sufficient guarantees" We
nigh! mention here, in looking regularly
o,er the Conrse Of his reign, that he was
the only Power that recognized the "Con'
ied,rA,e States OF America" The results
oi the war between the Emperor OF Aus
iria and the allied Kings Of Prussia and
lnly in 1876 were unilvorable to Papal
domination. About the lO;h OF Decem.
ber 1865, the French army departed
from Rome, and Italy was relieved
from the presence OF foreign sol
diery, for the frat time probably
10 thousand years. lie con,
vokel hy an Encyclical letter an
Council which mel at Rome
in December, 1869, TO assert or define the
dogma Of the Pope's iniaIlibiIity, which,
after long deliberation, was Iiually es
tsbli.hed III July, 1870. This Council
vas attended by the late Bishop Whelan
and il will be remembered that he vigor.
ou,ly opposed the dogma. An Italian
lrmy occupied Rome on the 10Th Of Sep
iember, without serious resistance, and
The temporal power OF the Pope vas then
abolished. Plus protested against thi"
but remained at Rome, One
,i tie last acts Of this ponIifr was to Ia.
Iae an allOcntion against King Humbert,
ihe son OF Victor Emmanuel, the new
king Of Italy. Whether the death OF the
Pope will lend to complicate affairs in
Europe remains to be seen, but having
lost hi. temporal power the new Pope
can hardly have much weight with the
larger European powers.
secret cOncIave Of the Cardinals has
been summoued to meet at once in Rome
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