davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15
the addition of such ehemicalsas as the man
ufacturer may prefer.

the addition of such chemicals as the man
ufacturer may prefer
The glue is then run off into wooden
coolers, about six feet long, one foot broad
and two feet deep. Here it becomes a
firm jelly, which is cut out BY spade into
square cakes, each cake being deposited in
a sort of wooden box, open in several Sits
or divisions to the hack. The glue is cut
into slices by passing brass wire, attach
ed to kind of bow, along the slits. These
slices are placed upon nets, the marks Of
which are seen ON the dry glue, and
stretched in wooden frames, removed to
the open air, placed in piles, with proper
intervals for the admission of air. each
pile being rooted in, as protection from
the weather. When the glue is about
three-quarters dry it is removed into lofts,
where in the course of some weeks the
hardening is completed The cakes are
finally dried off in a steve room at an ele-
waited temperature, which when they are
once solid only serves 70 harden and i'm
prove their quality.
Good glue should contain no specks,
but be transparent and clear when held
up to the light The best glue swells
without melting when immersed in cold
water, and it resumes its former size on
drying. Shreds or parings Of vellum and
parchment make an almost coIorless glue:
old gloves, rabbit skins and the like. are
frequently employed in this manufacture
The method of softening glue for use, is
to break 4 into small pieces, soak for
twelve to twenty hours in cold water, then
set it over fire and gradually raise its
temperature until it is all dissolved, taking
care to stir it frequently while melting
Prepared in this way it cools down into a
stiff jelly, which requires only a little
warming to fit it for use. Amber coIored
glue is that most esteemed by cabinet ma
kers. Glue must not be used in freezing
temperature.
Fresh glue dries much more readily than
that which has been once or twice melted.
Dry glue stepped in cold water absorbs
different quantities of water, according to
the quality of the glue, while the proper
tion of water so absorbed may be used as
a test of the quality of the glue. From
careful experiments with dry glue i'm
mersed for twenty four hours in water, at
the temperature of 60o F., and thereby
transformed into jelly, it was found that
the finest ordinary glue, or that made from
white bones, absOrbs twelve times its
weight of water in twenty-four hours;
from dark bones, the glue absorbs nine
times its weight of water, while the ordi
nary glue made from animal refuse alb
serbs but three to FIVE times its own weight
of water.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15
Glue and its Manufacture.

Glue is an important commercial animal
product, and its manufacture is carried on
upon large scale. Many refuse products
are used in its composition; animal skin in
every form, uncombined with tannin, may
be made into glue. The substances most
largely aud generally employed are the
parings Of hides and skins from the tan
neries and slaughter-houses, known as
glue pieces, feshiugs, pelts from furriers,
the hoois and ears of horses, calves and
sheep. The parings of OK and other thick
hides make the strongest, and afford about
forty-ive per cent. of glue. Dried sinews,
the core or bony support or inside horns,
fish bones, with membrane offal, are also,
the raw materials used for making glue
and size.
The process of manufacturing glue is as
follows The clippings and refuse mate
rials are first placed in a lime-pit, and
when sufficiently stepped they are i'm
mersed in water, we'll washed, rinsed, and
placed on hurdles to dry. Afterwards
they are boiled to the consistency of thick
jelly, which is passed, while hot, through
osier baskets, OF bags and nets made of
rope, to separate the grOsser particles of
dirt or bones from it, and allowed to stand
some time TO purify further. When the
remaining impurities have settled to the
bottom it is melted and boiled a second
time, and when thick enough it is drawn
off into vessel and maintained at tenn
perature which will keep it liquid. This
gives further time for the deposition of
solid impurities, and for Qualification, by
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

The popular faith in arnica as a resol-
vent has been shown by French expert
menter, DIR. Planat, not to be misplaced
He has used it largely as local applica-
tion in many cases Of erysipelas, sore throat
and especially boils, with marked success,
He says few applications will arrest d
bell in any stage, and attributes this effect
to an influence upon the nerves which
control the cabibre of the blood vessels
He applies the arnica in the form of an
ointment composed of 10 grammes of the
extract to 20 grammes of honey. The
tineture internally seemed to exert a simi-
lar action, though less pronounced.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

RELIEF FOR BURNING FEET.-To re
lieve burning feet, first discard tight boots;
then take one pint of bran and one ounce
of bi-carbOnate of soda, put in a pail, and
add one gallon of hot water; when cool
enough soak your feet in this mixture for
fifteen minutes. The relief is instantane-
Gus. This must be repeated every night
for week, or perhaps more. The bran
and bi-carbOnate should be made fresh af-
ter n weeks use Bi-carbonate of soda can
be purchased for about ten cents a pound
from wholesale druggists. The burning
sensation is produced by the pores of the
skin being closed, so that the feet do not
pcrspire.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15
selert poetrg.
MOONLIGHT N THE TROPICS.
81 EDsrSD c.srED,sAx.


Two vases-caryed from some dark precious wood
The red-gTalned heart Of olden trees. that cling
To yonder mountain--in the moonlight cast
Their scrolls deep shadows on the CLASSY floor.
A proud exotic Rose. brought from the North,
Is set within the one; the other bears
4 double Jasmine for iis connter-charm-
Than which the frangipani's stellar spray,
Night-hisoming cereus, og orange flower,
Yields less eestaey and strange perfume
Here on their thrones. IN equal high estate
The rivals bloom; and both have drunk the dew.
Tending their beauty In The tropic night.
until their sovereign odoFs meet ami blend
As voices blend that whisper melody.
Nov each distinct, nov mingled both in one:
JASMINE
! like star. against the woven gloom
Oftresses on Dolores brow shall rest.
ROSE
And one happy happy night shall bloom
Iwined In the border of her siIken vest
JAss1NE
Throughout our Isle the guardian winds deprive
Ufall their sweets a hundred common flowers,
To leel my heart with frhgraneel Lone they live,
And drop their petals far from treliised bowers
ROSE
Within the garden-plot whence was born
Ny wealth made not the violet forlorn.
And near me climbed the fearless eglantine.
Jasmine
Who feels my breath recalls the orange court.
The terraeed walks that jut upon the the sea-
The water in the moonlit hay amort,
The midnight given to longing and To me.
ROSE
Who scents my blossoms dreams Of hordered mead
s4,..
Where Cuthbert with fair-haiFed Hilda pleads.
And devcrhead the stars OF June come forth.
JASMINE
Ne with full hands enamored Manuel
Gathers for dark -browed Inez at his side
And both to love are quiekened By my spell.
And chifle the day that doth their Joys divide
Rose
Nay, but all cIimes al tender sunlit lands,
From whose higfs places spring the palm or pine
Desire my gifts 70 grace the welded bands
And every home for me has placed a shrine
JASMINE
Fold up thy heart. proud virgin. ay, and blush
With all the crimson tremOrs thou eanst vauntl
Ny yearning waves Of passion onward rush.
And long the lovers wistful memory haunt
ROSE
Pale temptress, the nights revel be thine own.
TIN love shall pail and rapture have lis flIi
The morn's fresh light stiT finds me on a thone
Where care Is not. nor biissful pains that kin
Jasmine
Sweet. smeei my BREATH OH sweet beyond CON
Rare, rare the splendors ofny regal crown
BOTH
Choose which thou wilt. bold lover. yet beware
Lest 70 a luckless choice thou bendest down.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15
From s,r1na', lfqgu=i,.
THE LILY.

! saw the lily pale and perfect grow
Amid its silent sisters in the mead.
Methought within its chilly depths to read
maidenly severity, as though
cool young life lay slumbering in the snow
ofits frail substance. In that chalice white
Whose fairy texture shone against the light
An unawakened pulse beat faint and slow.
And remembered, love- the coy disdain,
When thou my love for thee hadst first OWNED:
Thy proud, shy tenderness-too proud TO feign
That willful kindness which is yet not blind.
Then toward the sun thy lily-life turned
With sudden splendor flushed, its chalice burn
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15
Horn ButtOns-How they are Made.

The manufacture of horn buttons is one
that is interesting from its antiquity, and
from the modern improvements that have
been introduced into it. Long before
metal buttons were made for general wear,
the horn button shared with the bone but
ton the patronage of the poor. At present
the horn button is used principally for
shooting coats and vests, and for shoes
and boots. The horn button, is not, how
ever, made from horn, as the name indi-
Gates, but from the hoofs of horned cattle.
The hoofs Of each animal will weigh about
two pounds, and more than than eighty
tons are used up yearly by one factory in
Aberdeen. The hOofs of horses are not
suitable for the purpose When the hoofs
arrive they are thrown into a large caul-
dron and boiled until they are soft. They
are then cut into halves, and the sections
transferred to the workshop. Here the
"blanks" are pierced or punched out by
young women seated at hand-presses. The
blanks, which are of whitish color, are
then placed in watts in strong dye, either
of black, red or green, the only colors which
the hoof will take, where they remain until
they are thoroughly dyed. Black is the
most common color used. The next ope-
ration is to fix the shank, which is done
while the blank is soft and hot. This is
a rapid process, and like most of the other
operations is performed by children. The
horn button, after being shanked, remains
but plain piece Of rounded hoof, not even
fattened or smoOthed on its surface. The
next operation is to place it in a mould
having an ori6ce for the shank to fit it.
This mould merely contains the makers
name or trademark, and is for the under
surface of the button. The mould con
tains dozen repetitiOns of the same pat
tern. When the buttons are ranged in
this receptacle they are heated over an
oven until they are almost as soft as wax,
when an upper mould, containing the pat
tern which is to be impressed upon them,
and which fits closely upon the other, is
placed over it. The two are then subject
ed to the press, and the buttons are taken
out round and complete, with the excep-
tion of an occasional roughness around the
edge, resulting from the overflow of the
molten substance. This Is afterwards par
ed off. The buttons are then fixed by
their shanks upon plate Of metal, and
subjected to the operation of brush or a
series of brushes moved by steam-power,
which gives them the last touch and pro-
duces a beautiful polish They are now
ready for carding and packing
The Paris makers of horn buttons are
celebrated for employing many Of the best
die-sinkers of France Buttons of large
size enable the artist to display ability, and
the very fine classical heads upon some Of
the buttons in alto-rclievo show a great
amount of skill in the execution of the
dies; on some, colors have been introduced
in indented rings, which at a short dis
tance look both neat and effective. In
some French buttons the opacity of the
horn Cor more properly hOOf) renders them
unattractive at short distance, and it is
only upon a close examination that their
merits are discovered.-Scientifc NeCs.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

Roach TIARA lady has discovered
novel way of catching reaches which she
pronounces successful and economical, get
an ordinary size bottle, with neck large
enough to admit these pests, then catch a
rach and place it in this bottle. If your
cupboard is infested with these animals,
place this bottle, containing the single
roach, on a shell, near the side of the cup
board, at night, and the next morning you
will have quite bOttlefull, proriclecl, it be
a good night for reaches.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

Music and flowers are evangels of purity
and faith, redolent of God, if we but un-
lock our hearts to their ministry; and the
man or woman who is impervious to their
subtle, spiritualizing influences may feel
assured that there is something essentially
wrong in his or her organization or habits
of life.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

To KEEP GREEN CoRN.-My plan is
this and it never fails Gather the corn
when in good eating state; place the corn,
cob and all in vessel and pour boiling
water over it; let it remain in the hot wa
ter three to five minutes, then cut the corn
from the cob, put layer of corn, then a
layer of salt in large stone jars; when full
weight down; keep adding layers as the
corn sinks down in the jar; the salt makes
brine without water; when used soak all
night in clear cold water.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

We can be but partially acquainted even
with the events which actually influence
our course through life and our final des.
tiny. There.are innumerable other events
if such they may be caled-which come
close upon us, yet pass away without ac-
tual results, OF even betrayirg their near
approach by the reflection of any light OF
shadow across our minds. Could we but
know all the vicissitudes of our fortunes,
life would be too full of hope and fear,
exultation or disappointment, to afford us
single hour of true serenity-Ha,gthorne.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

How TO ENTER A RooM.-Good breed
ing is demonstrated by little things. The
way in which people enter room shows
whether they have had good training as
plainly as anything else in manners. Open
the door wide enough to walk squarely in,
without squeezing or edging through, as il
you didn't think enough of yourself to give
your body room to 60 through without
crowding. Don't rush in, or creep in, but
hold yourself straight, and look directly
atthe people in the room. Don't hesitate;
but if you don't know the visitors, wait
quietly until an introduction is given, when
you can open conversation, or respond to
the visitors advances, as the case may be.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

To KEEP Flowers BLOOMING ALL
SUMMER.-Dissolve two teaspoonfuls of
best P. GuanO in half gallon of water, and
stir occasionally; with this, water the earth
around the plants at night, twice week;
do not put any on the plants; never use it
Immediately after rain or when there are
signs of rain; this is also good for garden
plants or vines, excepting peas; it is death
to them.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

\ new mammoth cave has been diseov-
cred in Wyoming Territory. 4 man who
was lowered into it the other day descended
to depth of 50 feet, where a passage 100
feet long lead to subterranean chambers
and vaults of enormous dimensions. The
ceiling was fully go feet from the floor and
was studded with stalactites of all sizes
some of them being Is feet in length.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

The best application for the improve
ment of the countenance is a mixture in
equal parts of serenity and cheerfulness.
Anoint the face morning, noon and night.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

According to Virginia newspaper, a
Wytheville dentist extracts teeth painless
ly by simply pressing on the temples of
the patient during the operation.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

Hard speech between those who have
loved is hideous in memory, like the sight of
greatness and beauty sunk into vice and
rags.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

1t is calculated that during the first
fifty years after the discovery of the Bra
lillian mines diamonds to the astonishing
amount of 100000 in value were ex-
ported.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

SALT AND WooDwORK.-Itis is a curious
fact that in the salt mines of Poland and
Hungary the galleries are supported by
wooden pillars, which are found to last
unimpaired for ages, in consequence of be-
ing impfegnated with the salt, while pillars
Of brick and stone, used for the same pur-
pose, crumble away in a short time by the
decay of mortar 1t is also found that
wooden piles driven into the mud of salt
fats and marshes last for an unlimited time,
and are used for the foundation of brick
and stone edifees; and the practice of dock
ing timber after it has been seasoned by
immersing it for some time in sea-water,
is generally admitted to be promotive of
its durability. There are some experiments
which appear to show that, even after the
dry rot has commenced, immersion in salt
water effectually checks its progress and
preserves the remainder of the timber.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15
ThunderbOlts and Metal Roofs.

Professor John Wise, of Philadelphia,
one of the most practical men Of the day,
in explanation of the theory by which a
house in that city covered by tin roof
which was struck by lightning on the af-
ternoon of March 14th, but not seriously
damaged, concludes his article as follows
The man that nowadays goes around to
put up finger thick lightning-rods for pro-
lection to buildings is as much of char
latan as the man that sells amulets, or he
that furnishes old horse-shoes to be nailed
over stable and house doors to keep out
witches. The only protecting property of
the rod is in its surface, and that to an
ordinary bolt would be as efficacious as a
tin-foil coat of mail to thrust of lancer's
spear. The day is not far distant when
mental-covered roof will be considered as
indispensable to the protection of build
ing and its furniture and inmates from
lighting as is the roof itself to the protee-
ton of the persons and things inside from
the rain.
From over forty years observation, can
incontrovertibly say that the thunderbolt
passes from cloud to earth as any other
missile would pass-shot or shell, meteor
ite or hail of iron-in the direction of
least resistance, regardless of all and any
pointers, and that when it meets a field of
metal it bounees over it harmlessly, and
goes the way of all things that play out.
The fire that we see in the lightning's
play is the combustion-the dehagration
of the matter, diffuse or otherwise through
which the bolt passes. have in my pos
session globules of iron that dripped from
the end of railroad rails along which
thunderbolt travelled. The space be-
tween the rails to allow for expansion and
contraction, not one-eighth to one-quarter
of an inch, being sufficient to obstruct its
velocity-air being a non-conductor to
degree of fusion of wrought iron. The
atmosphere is full of diffuse matter. In
terstellary space is full of diffuse iron and
nickel. A magnetic storm in the regions
of interplanetary space pours iron hail,
and hence the disposition of meteoric
iron upon our planet when its happens to
be the nearest body to magnetic cyclone.
[ have passed through snow and hail
storms in the cloud region the hottest days
of July. 1t often snow two or three thous-
and feet above the earth and the oftenest
in the hottest weather, and we are uneon-
cious of it on the face of the earth, because
it is melted and taken up as vapor in the
grasp of the lower atmosphere.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

Harvard has the largest library of any
American college, numbering 16O, ,OOOvol-
umes
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-06-15

'se which thou wilt. bold lover. yet beware
st 70 luckless choice thou bendest down
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-04-11
Facts for Kerosene Burners.

Every lamp filled with the fluid
is Liable to explode after burning
several hours. But no explosion
will ever happen when the lamp is
full. The danger comes from the
constant generation of an invisible
vapor In the confined space above
the oil. The vapor, which is IL
flammable, is caused by the heat of
the burner communicated to the
oil !; but it will not explode unless
exposed to flame. The metal at
tachments on lamps often become
40 degrees warmer than the oil,
which is itself sometimes as high
as 100 degrees. Hence, kerosene
to be entirely safe, should be near
80 degrees proof.
In the United States alone, last
year, yer 100 deaths per week
were reported from accidents by
kerosene.
A sample test is to place a table
spoonful of the oil in a saucer and
apply a match ; if the oil ignites,
it is unsafe, never use 1t. If it
does not take fire, it is not necessa-
rily safe because the temperature
Of the oil In open air is not 50
great IS that in a burning lamp.
Keep the metallic parts of lamps
clean and their oil passages open.
After a lamp has been burning
three or four hours at a time, never
relight again till filled.
In eStingu shing the light, turn
the wick down quite low and allow
u few seconds to intervene before
blowing out the Pickering flame, or
better still, do not blow it out, but
let it "hicker" out.-Er.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-04-11
Lbs. Seed G Il N

ABOUT BEEs.-Uncle Sam has
bees enough to give Us all a sting /,
There are two million bee-hiyes in
the United States. Every hive
yields, on an average. a little over
twenty-five pounds Of honey. The
average price at which honey is
sold is twenty-five cents a pound.
SO that after paying for their own
board, our bees present US with a
revenue of over IS, 500. 600. To
reckon it another way, they make
a clear gift of over a pound Of pure
honey to every man, woman and
child IN the vast domain of the
United States. In 1860. over twenty
three and one third million pounds
of a were made and given TO rs
by these industrious workers. The
keeping of bees Is one of the most
profitable investments that our peo-
pie Il make of their money The
profits arising from the sale Of sur
plus honey acreage from fifty 10
two hundred per cent. OF the Cant
tai invested.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1877-1885, 1878-04-11
9be Iarnt.
A Great Farmers MaximS.

The succ. ssful life of Mr.. Jacob
Straw, the prince Of American
farmers, is attributed 10 the close
observation of the following max
inns, originated by himself
Make your fences high and strong
SO they will keep cattle and pigs
out. If you have brush, make
your lots strong aud secure and
keep the hogs from the corn.
Be sure to get hands to bed by
seven o'clock /; they will rise early
by force of circumstances.
Pay a hand, if he is a poor hand,
all you promise him and If ne IS
a good one, pay him a little more ;
it will encourage him to do better.
Always feed your hands a. well
as you feed yourselves, for the Ia
boring men are bone and slnew of
the land, and ought to be well
treated.
| am s; tisfied that getting up
early, Industry and regular habits,
are the best medicine prescribed
for health.
When rainy, bad weather comes
so you can't work out of doors, cut,
split and pile your wood, make
your racks, fix your fences or gate,
and patch the roof of your barn or
house.
Study your own interest closely,
and do not spend Your time in
electing Presidents, Governors and
other smaller officers, or talk Of
hard times, and spend your time in
whiting store boxes Nassochu-
sets PlOughman.