davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19

oy ilhe proportion IN the form of mineral
lei'lHzefs. Irrigation, in conjunction with
commercial manurcs, has made way. and In
belelun, the p}oWing down Of green crops
's much III favor Of late years, Relative 10
machinery, it tends to replace manual la
Dor III cultivation. The day is coming when
farm servants will consist wholly of enni
| nceis ana carpenters. Live stock has made
vast strides III the point Of aIneioration, not
so much in the adoption Of any distinct
race, as Ill the crossing of q selected local
breed, with an imported bull, calculated TO
correct inferior points. Perhaps in sheep
farming the changes within ten years are
more remarkable still; in 1876 all were in
agony at Australia. South America, &C..
cutting ont the French clip. The markets
nave now been left to their countries, and
attention transferred to the pfecoeious pro
ductiOn Of meat. There are some spirits
not reconciled to the abandoning of the con-
Test, us they are occupied in securing a
breed Of sheep that will pay i'll meat and
wool at the same time. 1t Il only necessary
to cast a cursory glance at the exhibits of
wool from Australia, the Cape and South
America, to be convinced how hopeless
must be 3 woo-War on the part of conti-
mental farmers with these countries. -Pu7is
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
N0ETHERN ACRTgUITrRE

Grains, grasses, truit-trees, vines. &C..
i.ourishing in higher latitudes than onr ovn.
are almost always sure to do we'll with us.
One thing IS certain-they will prove hardy.
And the reverse is generally the case when
we attempt 70 adopt southern products
What may do in regions as tar south us
North Carolina, may be eNtra mey uncer-
tain here. The South, therefore, has wild
er field OF, supply and recaperaton than we,
but we have the advantage, that if a vine.
or plant, once established here here it be-
comes more permanent, and we may say.
more reliable.
la the extreme North, If we may say So
Canada for nstante--lhe number and yarle-
ty OF farm and garden products are limited
to q very few comparatively. but they are
dependable than with osw larger and ex-
tended catalogue. ii their culiyation too.
much skill and saecess is shown, judging
from published statements IS we'll as from
personal statements given hyttrayelers.
Bat the question may be asked. is it not
better to coniine ourselves to fewer products
chat is common here and sure to tio we'll,
and cultivate them with more assiduty
and care, than to divide and weaken our eff
orts among SO many? We are opposed to
spccialaties, to which many farmers in diff
ferent sections adhere, and have always
been advocates of q mixed husbandry, bnt
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
AGRICULTURAL FEOGriiss9Essa.

Il very natural question to ask, touching
eXmhition, is, what progress has aeri-.
EaFe made Since the last, ti,at Of 1876? In
RNIhg Gil the part OF the continent, the
fNef viii mark the advance, for art in
Fefai. Manures and machinery occupy
Afs5 letter in the iirst line. There has
II ah extraordinary extension IN the en-
F'lieht OF commercial manuras, notably
Pnsherai ph0sphates. as extracted from
Fra oeds throughout Europe. Neoeta-
ala animal life appear to receive u new
F'elts, from the discovery of this 1nlimi-
supply Of phosphorans, and that chem
y renters soluble and assisli!able. The
f'as OF farms has been doubled and
T. "pied by these nlanuras, specially
f. employed as compielnent@. following
Eess'eh OF NJ. Chevreul and not that of
~ WHO regarded live stock as an evil.
gan crops the one thing neeaful, if
E''1esl after kind Of medical formula.
@1ng The salts carried of by the grain
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
DRILL CULTURE OF WHEAT

Ihc monthly report of the Kansas State
Board Of Agriculture gives returns from the
different counties of the State, from which
II appears that in most Of the counties from
fifty to ninety per cent. of the wheat sown
is put iii with drills. The New York jour-
! nat Of Commerce thus summarizes tue result:
f3rst-A large vote is in favor OF drilling
as protection against winter killing.
SeconQ-Many state that less seed il re-
qnned.
Ihlrd-Ten counties report better endu-
range OF drought by drilled wheat.
tpurth--Nearly al give the practice de-
cidad preference on several accounts. One
stages, however, that "there is no nrecepti-
bic hdvantage;" five are conflicting, or with
OPTIONS both ways; two state that drilling
"pIpduces more - two others say it consid-
eraAly exceeds broadcast sowing; others
place the Increase from three to fifty per cent
We think that where the wheat crop is
sowh by drills, aud cultivated by horse
hoe5in the spring, it will be found Of such
marked advantage as to justify the sowing
OF wheat III this manner, even in New Eng
lanE and other sections where it's general
CULTURE has long been discontinued. III
rooApruning wheat after the manner rec
omlRented il . " New Theory Of Tlllane,'
we mast, if evidence is Of any worth, secure
a gin IN yield. tits strange indeed, that
the process" Of drill seeding receives sucl,
attention, While the 1pr.nciploan Which rec
ommend the process are SO strangely over
looked. The drill and the horse-lioe are at
she foundation of improved wheat growing;
but they must both be used properly on the
field.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
sSsEs~- q -'aaaat =
FARMERS, TAKE COURAGE

tread and butter are the essentials Of life.
ne King himself is served by the field.
ihe profit Of the earth is for all. ]" Farmers
nave 2 great advantagein this respect over
merchants and manufacturers. Fancy goods
may be drug in the market, but who can
I'VE without the products Of the soil? All
the gold in California and all the silver IL
Nevada will not suffice to keep the soul and
oody together unless exchanged for bread
and butter. There is no occupation which
is so sure Of a return as agriculture, To
oflng the farmer to a realizing sense of his
condition. and to stimulate to do justice to
himself, is the grand purpose Of the Grange.
Join it, cherishit, and live up to it's princi-
pies. IN It is the farmers salvation.
nsea''s F1Gend
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19

ments. AS to the nsoae of so,ciaq wheat,
experience has long since decided III favor
OF drilling as superior to broadcast sowing.
The chief advantages o. this method are the
even distribution OF The seed to the surface
and the uniform depth TO which it is planted.
The drill opening q furrow ana dropping
the seed into it brings it Immediately IN con-
tact with the fresh, damp soil, thus causing
quick and speedy termination. It is also
planted at uniform depth, thus insurng
an even start aud growth OF Ill the seed that
Is soWn. AS the more wheat that can be
grown to The acre, the greater the relative
profit is, and as the thorough preparation of
the soil has controlling influence on the
crop, it is q matter that no wheat raiser can
afford to ignore or treat with indifference
Joa'mat Of IgaicuJtna'e a1sd Fatu2er
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
A(1RIC,I / u R AL.

r1r recent depression Iii the grain an(.
sour markets Of the Territory may be at
Ebutpd to an erroneous impression in re-
earf Ia tie seasons crop. The harvest has
I1eed been bountifuI, thousands OF acres OF
Il fine grain as ever grew have been reaped,
tet when we consider all things there is no
lpr;oi1s cause for alarm. The price Of oats
Ibrot;nh the summer has been 4 little to
hicl. business would scarcely justify team
ny and feeding grain ut the prices. Hence
6e very naturally expected decline when
he new crop came in. But the present
Nice on TIE farm, will leave a good margin
pr production, and will warrant much
aarger consumption thAn il a higher price
lled. The flour markets, as we predicted,
kAs gone below what the bulk OF the crop
Nil! probably sell for Ihe yield Of wheat
] uot eNceasiyIy large as many suppose. on
IL contrary ii is onle limited IN so'ne Sec
eus. The early frost has damaged many
elds, which viii lessen The supply OF
ENX flour, there was atso no surplus of
bnse9uence IA onr mills, and our granaries
Eere empty, nesides this, we have had a
Nee influx Of population which will ma-
Rially add to the demand. II is altogether
Rnistlke 70 suppose that the price al which
k government is being supplied will rega-
BE the market. Competition among bid
srs has run the price litile low, the bid
rs like many Others labored under the
Npression that the wheat brop WAS enor-
NNSlY large, but we are iii possession OF
Formation That warrants lis in sayiilg that
hs,n0t. And we venture, that when the
Isl ca the market, caused hy the need OF
phey to pay harvest hands. tireshing &C,
over, that better prices Will%be resumed,
II the markets will become firm, as was
u ease last year, At taa present prices Of
III A1bor, the amount Of fieighting re-
sRfel etc, Sf,o0 per sack is as low as first
IT, family tour can be sold; and though
y markets may be forced below this hy
FcQlators, it will be temporary. aud must I
klAee ere the closing Of winter.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
THE. HOUSEHOLD
RECIPES.

Forcenseat for Duchs o,,sGeese.-Two parts
o. chopped onion, two parts Of bread
crumbs, three Of butter, one of pounded
sage and seasoning Of pepper and salt.
70 8o@e Fosols .fo1'. Fa.icasaes, Carries and
Tees, FIRST serve them entirely into Joints.
then remove the bones, beginning. with the
legs and wings, at the head of the largest
bone; hold this with the fingers, and work
the knife as directed III the recipe above.
The remainder of the birds Is TOO easilv
done to require any Instructions.
CAachen G2auy.-W bile your chickens arc
roasting baste them thoroughly. When
realty to dish up, take out the chickens
from the pan in which they have been cook
ing, pour into the pan a pint and a half of
boiling hot water, and stir well all the drip
pings with the water, set it on the stove or
range; make a little -Four thickeninn. and
pour into it the CRAZY; boil it up once:
have ready the giblets anu liver, which you
must have previously llaye.cookea tender in
water, and chopped fine. Strain the gravy,
and then puo in the chopped giblet, serve
hot, and You will find it very nice.
Onion ezzsa sage Sitting ,tor I'o17:.---BoiI
three large onions from ten to fifteen min
utes, chop them small, and mix with them
an equal quantity Of bread crumbs, a hean-
Ell tablespoonful ct minced sage, an ounce
OF butter half saltspoonfnl Of pepper.
and twice as much salt, and put them into
the oody OF the goose part Of the liver
Doied tor two or three minutes and shred
tine, is sometimes added to these and the
whole is bound together with an eee-yolk
or TWO; put they are quite as frequently
served without
Gree" Tomato PichZes.--One peck of green
tomatoes, one dozen large onions slice the
tomatoes and onions thin; l3acG them IN n
Jar III layers with salt between: let them
stand tWenty-four hours; take out and drain
the brine olf. To this put one ounce of mace,
one ounce Of white ginger, one ounce OF
celery seed, half ounce of cloves, half fpound
white mustard seed, two tablespoonfnls of
black pepper, three pounds Of brown sugar.
lhd one quart OF vinegar. Boil until tender.
Ctictc1s aas1 Ham Tie.-Cat two chickens
hto FONTS, season them with salt and pep
Der ahd ceyenne pepper, a little powdered
mace, and a tablespoonful o. chopped ntisb-
'ooms; shen MAKE balls Of forcemeat and
ne nard-hoiled yolks Of eggs, andslay them
4 the alsn between the joints OF chicken
With q few slices Of lean ham interyeninp
nu md little water or white grayy. with
mushroom boiled in it. Cover With puff
'aste, and bake nicely. If the crust Is TO be
aised it should be filled in the dish era
Y should then be made of tie knuckle OF
zeal, herbs, and seasoning; and which,
when cold, is 20 be put into the raised pie
nd ylly.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
SOWING WHEAT.
Cofre$ponde nee.

Ahe success OF y Wheat crop depends up
! on Il number Of different conditions among
which the preparation OF the soil is among
the most important. Occasionally, under
! very favorable conditions as to the season
and the qitality Of The soil, a good crop may
be obtained with indifferent preparation Of
The soil; but taking the seasons as they
come, no one can rely with any degree Of
certainty upon u good crop without thor
oagh preparation Of the soil. And on thor
oughly prepared soil, with anything like
reasonable conditions in other respects, a
failure seldom occurs. Soil for wheat should
be deeply prepared, SO that the roots may
be able to readily penetrate TO any desired
depth. Few persons are aware to- what a
depth The roots of wheat will penetrate
when tile conditions are favorable. The
roots OF Wiuter wheat generally run to the
depth nf three or four teet, aud in one case,
in light soil, they were found seven feet
deep forty-seyen days after the wheat was
soWn. From this it may be seen what the
wheat plant Will do IN the case Of a soil OF
a light, porous character.
Now, the power Of a plant 50 absorb nu-
tlinent from the soil depends upon the
length and number Of its iibrcns roots, and
these depend on the depth ant fincness of
the soil As every one knows that the fine
rootlets Of the growing crop cannot readily
penetrate Il hard, compact soil. it wilsre-
qnire no argument to prove tie Importance
OF deeply prepared soil But further, i
deep soil is necessary TO enable the crop to
resist the evil effects Of llronght. La a soil
that admits the easy access Of roots to Il
considerable depth the plant will be able to
draw supplies OF moisture from the greater
depth even when the surface soil is parched
and dry; whereas, if By compact subsoil
tie roots are confined near the surface, the
crop will suffer much more severely during
tie prevalence Of dry weather.. The fine
ness OF tie soil IS also q matter OF great inn
portance to a crop Of wheat. As leedlng
root will seldom penetrate a clot'. all the
plant-tood locked up in these hard Jumps is
no more benefit TO the plant than would be
a stone of the same size. The finer the t!ltll
of the SOIL therefore, the greater the extent
0t surface is exposed to the action Of the
roots the greater amount Of n'lfrlmeat the
plant can extract from a given quantity OF
SOIL
In preparing soil fer wheat, reference |
should be had to both The depth and fine
ness Of the soil, as both of these enter into
tie question Of success rs. controlling ele- |
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19

We should make orr own selection from the
general catalogue for which our farms may
pc more particularly adapted l. German
toion Teiegraph.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1878-09-19
,cBjlsnEp WEEKLY BY
2 n. SU7fss sRl~ In,
EDITOR AND ioROpRtEION

o,,.,,y N3u,5TAIA .iusBhSDMAS is designed
Ivy " ,ar name Indicates, lusb ,litlnan a. every
10 w - ~, rrn, embracing III It's co,.nns every
sA5h ~ t itricuIturo, s}toGk-raiti:.g, Horti-
u @ 'tl'.''' :, :, ,ei.ll and Domestic Economy.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-01-23
Ph,ladeIpbia.s burdens.

The Philadelphia North American of the 18th
instant SAYS: 1.-THE city controllers recent
annual report of the finances of Philadelphia
affords ample proof that. while decidedly salts
factory progress has been made in the last two
years In reducing the cost OF The departments,
OF curtailing the unnecessary amount OF inter-
est payable every year. Mr.. Hancocks report
gives 1t at So, 761 1868 81 interest on loans and
sG52,1s1 96 interest on city warrants, elusive Of
$S09.245 paid In 1877 to the sinking fund. which,
added to the other two items. makes the total
IS 600 900. just President Caven said in his
inaugural address,, 1t is deserving Of especial
ments in 1877 amounted to sfb.785.5s 40, the cost
of the departments for the year was only $8.184,-
961 20, and that of the warrants issued for the
year the amount outstanding Is s7.722.499 10.
This is the way that the interest account is con-
stantly swelled by being rolled oyer and over
floating debt is thus always changing. Old war
rants are paid off when they have enough in
terest added to make 1T an object. and new ones
are allowed to wait in the same way. large
part of the funded and floating debt has been
thus manu- featured by the chronic insolvency
OF the city treasury. In 1877 the war.
rants OF previous years that " were paid
that the policy Of etrenchment had really made
some progress in reducing the current embar-
easements, though the floating debt Of the de-
partments still amounts to $11 .4753 1888 so, exclu-
sive of $4184T1 40 for the public buildings. This
may be reduced somewhat during the present
year, If the finance committee shall prove as
successful as last year. But as the city warrants
last year absorbed 1862 1s1 96 for interest while
the reduction OF the floating debt was much less
than that sum, it is apparent that the city would
have done better had the floating debt been
funded and no new one been allowed to accrue"
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-01-23
COMM ERCIAL,
OFFICE NEW ORLEANS DEMOCRAT. l
Tuesday Evening Jan. y. 1878,

ueSuhy EV6uluE. Jhus ZSs lotS.
GENERAL NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. of Flour evil
IDENTIFY believe in an hereafter mot necessa-
rily of that description which has been preached
about SO much of late; on the contrary, they
seem to think that good time is coming, and
near at hand. for those who deal In the staff OF
life." They generally entertain quiet but steady
views of the market. and are holding on for
better prices. The stock. though not having
received many accessions of late. is amply sufi-
cient to meet the wants of the trade for a long
time to come.
In Cotton the sales amounted to only $3.50
bales. the market closing irregular and weak.
The advices from Liverpool, Havre. Manchester
and New York being unfavorable. factors were
forced to concede decline Of nc on all grades
except low ordinary and ordinary.
The demand for Sugar. principally for low
grades. was stronger to-day and prices were
firm. Receipts, 1880 hhds; sales. 1903 hhds.
The receipts of Molasses were 215s bbls,
Sales 1927 bbls. The market was strong and &C.
tive.
The market in Pork was steady. and, in the
wholesale trade. strong at s12 for new mess
The demand for the porcine product in job
bling way was active. and prices are reported as
steady at SO 5o@12 rs per Dbl.
COTTON-The market on Cotton was irregu-
lar day and closed weak, with only small
business transacted the sales amounting to
only 6250 bales. Advices from other markets
were of a decreasing character. Liverpool was
easier, and at New York spots wei 1-16c lower,
and futures seven to ten points down. Man
chester was also reported dull and tending to
lower prices. Under these influences factors
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-01-23
Mexican Trade ana Finances.

The United States Consul General at the City
OF Mexico. Mr. Skilton. has sent his annual re-
port of the finances and trade Of our Sister
Republic to the State Department at Washing
ton From this are gathered the following statis-
tics regarding Mexico:
To carry on the government during the fiscal
year 1s77-7s the sum of $19oOO.Ooo (which in
cludes 81 100000 for the army have been appro-
priated according to the estimates of the
budget.
The coffee export. which for the year 1873
amounted to only s4s5 900. increased during last
year to about 81 100000 ..
There was no export OF sugar during 1878.
but 1t amounted last year to over 100000 Next
in point of importance as an article OF export
was vanilla beans. figuring for about 100000.
and hides and skins for about $500 900.
About s21 ,ooO, 900 silver money and s7oo 600 gold
were coined during the year ending June. 1877.
Thetotal earnings of the Mexican Railway.
the only railroad in Mexico, for last year
amounted to about 100000. The total operat-
ing expenses to s1soo.OOs. or about 81 per cent
Of the gross earnings.
The following are the telegraph lines in op-
Grafton: IS government lines with 1879 offices. 4
State lines with 40 offices. private lines with
SO offices, and railroad line with 26 offices.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-01-23
ORLEANS DEMOCRAT WEDNESDAY,, JANUARY 49, 1878

prices ut the warehouse: Coarse s5@9oc fine
81 o5@1 10: Turks Island neglected at sac p
bushel. Table salt In pockets 1X@7hc each. as
POULTRY-Old chickens s4@4 Is. young $40
75; ducks 1903 80; geese 1906 so; turkeys SIG
10 y Dozen.
EGGs-Western 1o@17c: Louisiana 1sa2oc .
dozen.
RICE-Is quiet No. 2 $1,000. common 5@5kc.
ordinary 52s@5hc. fair 55s. good 5x. prime
&C. choice SIC Id.
BULK CORN-None Offering, and the market
is nomnally 55hc U bushel
WHEAT-None here, and nominally at 81 300
35 U bushel for winter. and 81 2o01 rs for
ESGU LENTS-Potatoes are selling at 81 500
2: onions at 50 $500 Is; apples OF SO 6o95 90 y
Dbl cabbages at $6D8 U 10O and 81 1902 y crate.
BAGGINd-ste ct 111zc In round lots re-
failing, at 12@12Ac. Baling Irvine at 13Ac in
round lots retailing at 14c.
BUTTER = Moderate stock. Demand fair.
Choice New Y rk creamery 3o931: New York
dairy. fine 10000; New York good 26@2s; low and
medium ,a grades 1922. Western-ehoice fres
l4@15;. summer packed 1904; low grades SO
10 /; roll. wet packed 1908; roll, tubs. $1,000.
CHEESE-Prime Western factory 12A 01216
good do 11A@12. New York cream 15@15h.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1878-01-23
Foreign Markets.

LONDON, Jan. %. .. m.-Flour dull and de-
clined Sd extra State 29s. Wheat dull cargoes
off coast-Chicago spring sos 6d@51s, red winter
54s. California club 61s; to arrive-Chicago 4ss
Cd, California club SIS 6d@sos; arrivals for or
ders light. Corn auiet-cagoes off coast 2ss sd /;
new to arrive 26s arrivals for orders light.
.. m.-Rosin. common IS I'D. Turpentine.
spirits 24s@2a sd.
and easier; Middling Uplands 8 sled: Middling
Orleans ed Sales-70O0 bales. Of which 1000
were taken for export and speculation.
go p. m.-Breadstuffs quiet. Corn-New 28s
@2Ss Sd, old 29s 029s Sd. Wheat-Western spring
JOS 4d@l1s "a Western winter lis s. 2d@1ls sd.
Flour-W ern canal 26s 6d@2Ss. Lard-Prime
Western Ais. Pork-Prime mess. Western SOS.
Bacon-LoDg clear middies Bis: short clear 32s.
Hams-Long cut AS. Beef-India mess 93s ex-
Turpentine-Spirits 25s sd. Rosin-Common
So cd: fine los. Refined petroleum 101adg10Ad.
Cheese-American choice 63s cd.
Las D. m Flour dull and Cd lower at 29s.
W Wsars We i'd sG J enS e sd s ID
Obs Id; do average 12s 7d@t2s 1od. Corn un-
changed at 2ss 3d. Canada peas quiet at 36s cd.
Sd. m.-Fiour dull and weaker. Wheat easier
receipts for the past three days "a 900. of which
Bacon dull: long clear ais. short clear 32s. Gum
berland cut 32s. short rib 33s. Lard Sd higher at
Ais Sd for prime Western. Other articles I'M
changed as follows:
steady at AS for long cut. Shoulders dull at 25s
Cd. Beef steady: India mess 93s. extra do 119s.
prime mess s5s. Tallow dull; prime city 4os Sd.
Turpentine quiet; spirits 25s 3D. Rosin steady
common 5s sd. fine los; Petroleum steady; re-
choice sss Cd. Lard oil dull at 4ss. '' 'e'''
$50 p. m-Lard-prime Western 40s cd. Tai
low-p. y. c. London 29s 3d@39s cd.