The New York herald., 1878-03-28

OF congress and pressed Invitations sovsrsigns
10 meet for an explanation among thomseIves, IN
order as he said, 10 iortfy the political system oi
Europe. France, he explained, had nothing 10 ask
tor herself, his oaly object being 10 bring about
England from the first objected tho proposition and
asked to be informed beof shand wnat was 10 be
when general congress WAS in question lie could not
anterior 10 It's assembling, draw up programme or
pare ore. There present dangers 10 be consid-
ered ana there were also measures 10 be taken con
corning The future. The German Powers gave par
tsi assent but when u was limited that tue folcs tne
Irish, the Vsnetians (then undsr Austrian dominior
the Christian subjects Of tho suitan and other OPP
pressed nationsiities would bring thcir grievances
forward ior consideration, and that Span would
claim the relrocession OF Gibraltar. the congress
THE BLACK SEA coxyxRxsox IN 1871
Tue Franco.German war IN 1870 gave The Car the
opportunity o. rcpuaia''ns .ne clause Of inc treaty y
war from tue Black Sea. Tne government OF Eng-
lana thersupon invited the Great Powers 10 . con-
terence ON the Eastern question, TO be hello IN London
IN January, 1871 Count Beust, in a note to Prince
Gortscbakof delivered IN the preceding month, un-
marked that Austria joined the Conference without
preconceived plans and only In hopes 10 secure Tor
Turkey peaceful development and 10 bring on So
luton winch would pe apt to spare national suscep-
tibilities In the meantime negotations took place
between Russia and Turkey which It was thought
would lead TO the drafting OF anew specal conven-
ton amt 70 tho consent of Russia 10 certain proposed
notifications. IL. also appeared that The Ottoman
government itsen no longer attributed so great an
Importance TO tue neutrality OF the Black Sea
No some European dpiomatists When. there
rae NOR tor ses.su
mad been made ny the two Powers cneny concerned
IN II. Jules Favro, In note 10 the diplomatic agents
O Franco declared that he could not leave his place
In Paris as long as the bombardment OF the capital
continued. He, nsverthsess would have aone to the
Conference II Count BISMARCK had not refused give
him passport, the ground that the French Govern
ment Of National Defence was not Ia "A condition TO
ni2ed ny tho French patton. The influence OF France,
however, had been considerably diminished in the
Conference when It became known that the German
Chancellor positively refused " permit the SUBJECT oi
the FrencnGsrman War TO bc brought before It, anu
that the Prussian Ambassador III London was IN
structed to leave the Conference a. any at
tempt to dIscuss tho made. AZ France
noL represented at ALL and Austria too weak
bring SUFFICIENT pressure to bear in support OF IFS
view, England from tho start had little hope Of max
ing to The pans OF Russia AN undinchnR ressS-
ance. Russia, on the otner hand, was determined
adhere TO her purpose, and was greatly strength.
enod 10 this design by tho enthusiastic manticsta-
!ions Of public opinion IN ~ Empre When. there.
at liberty TO abolish the Treaty Of Paris England
garded this as welcome bridge Tor her retreat The
car carried MS point ana ano clause sxc,Idins nus
important results ofthe Crmesn war was abrogated.
is only necessary 10 mention the Conference ned
In Constantnope 10 January last year. II was about
last effort 70 prevent the war winch has ended
disastrousy to Turkey. The proceedings were little
more than a series OF inadmissibe propositions aud
counter propositions by the plenpo, Of the
Powers and the Ottoman respectively.
Tho uitimatum auAly submitted was rejected by the
Sultan, and wnat followed Is OF too recent occurrence
need any iullor notice.
orHEa IxrERSArrosAL CONFERENCES
There have been other diplomatic conferences held
during tho past twonty-hv0 years, but none to com
pare IN Importance with Tho one now TO DO held Ia
Berlin Several meetings OF Ambassadors and special
ENJOYS held in 1883 to endeavor to settle the
difficulties that terminated in the Crimesn war. When
q French army was sent 10 Lebanon IN 1865 TO stop
the slaughter OF Christian haronites by the Aoname
suDecls ot the Sultan IT was the result of formal
agreement between LOUIS Napoleon, England ana
Russia. The expedition 10 Mexico, winch ended IN
tragic deah Of Maximiliun, was organized under
Z CONVENTION entered Iuto by France, England, AUS
aud SPAN. Tho AFFAIRS of Crete, whom the inhab
Itants Of that island were engaged, ten or eleven
years ago, In effort 10 throw OF the Turkish yoke
frequently the subject OF discussion AZ meetings
Of the Representatives OF tho great Powers An inter-
national cOneroncc was held NJ Brussels In 1874 ia
reference TO Tho rules Of military warfare and tue
subject OF monetary unity has, IRON lime 10 time
engaged tho attention Of similar bodies. confer
cnce, which the United States taxes the Initiative
Will probably be he'd ~ an carly day. LIS objects
entirely peaceful. Under clause OF tue Silver act
Secretary Evarts has sent out circulars Inviting q
conference IOr establishing bi.metaiiic money.