Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-12-04

Ihat, provision be made for the erection Of a fire.
proof building for the preservation of valuable
r.Voius, now constantly exposed 10 destruction by
~, ,ie. Inese recommendations are all commended
I" your favorable consideration.
THE NAVY
Inc report Of the Secretary Of the Navy shows
uoa '"v uavy mas improved during the last fiscal
year WORK has been done on seventy five YES
SUE zen OF which have been thoroughly repaired
ana made ready for sea Two others arc in rapd
p,ogress towards completion. The total expendi-
tuies 81 the year including the amount appro-
prlated for the deficiencies of tho preyious wear
were Sli, l6S, E2 %. The actual expenses charge,
aple 20 inc wear, exclusive Of these Deficiencies
Were slS,.90oli O9, or s767 100 IS less than those
OF the previous year and "a, g2S G77 "a less than
Expenses, including the deficiencies The estimates
l3r tlle tsca year ending June GOTH 1880, are
H. 9s, lomexceeding the appropriation Of
occasloned by the demands Of the Naval Acaden,v
and the Marine Corps, ~ explained in the Secre
ary report. The appropriations for the present
nscl year are Sll 52s 49, TO- which in the opinion
OF the secretary viii be ample for all the current
expenses OF the department during tire year The
| amount drawn from the Treasury from July 1st 10
November LIST, 1873, IL a. 7l0, 5iI IA, Of which
| SO, $50. 10 has been refunded leaving AS the ev
penditure for that period 81 GO jG3 ~ or 500
Sv2i less than the corresponding period Of the
last fiscal year.
/ rosr-OFFIcE DEPARTMENT
The report Of the Postmaster General emlracea
| q detailed statement of the operations Of the Post
oiice Department The expenditures of the de-
| partment for the fiscal year ending June 30 1879
| were S3i, 165, 04 40 The receipts including sales
OF stamps, money order business, and official
lamps were S292l7,b16 %. The sum Of $780,
| 4bW, included In the foregoing statement of ex-
| lendltnres il chargeabe to preceding wears so
| tiht the actual expenditures FOR the fiscal wear
ending June 30 1878, are S33, ,G47.5O The
| amount drawn from the Treasury on appropria-
tons, in addition to the revenues of the denar,
| ment, was 50, 5O7, G52 50 The expenditures for
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1880, are estimated
at $500 ,VVD, and the receipts from all sources
NJ SJohi 23U leaving deficiency IN be at,-
| lroprated out of the Treasury of So gO7 SIG 10
Inc report calls attention to the fact that the com
pehsatlon OF postmasters and of railroads for car.
rvlng the mail is regulated by law, and that the
nature OF Congress tn appropriate the amounts
required Tor these purposes does not relieve the
government Of responsibility, but necessarily in
sreases the deficiency bills which Congress will
ne called upon TO pass In providing for the
postal service the following questions are pre-
sentedi should Congress annually appropriate
sum Tor It's expenses largely in Of its rev.
enues, or should such rates of postage be estab-
lshed rs will made the department self-sustain-
lng Should the postal service he reduced by
excluding from the mails matter which does moi
Pay Us way Should the number OF post routes
ne dlinnshed2 Should other methods be adnpted
winch Will increase tue revenues or diminish the
expenses of the postal service ?
The International Postal Congress, which met
NJ Paris May LIST, 1878, and continued In session
nntil June lth OF the same year, composed of
delegates from nearly all the civilized countries
OF the world 1t adopted a new convention. 10
take the place OF the treaty concluded at Berne
october 9th, 1874, which goes into effect on the
LIST OF April, 1879, between the countries whose
delegates have signed it. It WIS ratified and an
proved, by and with the consent of the President.
august 18TH 1873 4 synopsis of this Universal
InSthl convention will he found in the report of
the Postnaster-Genert, and the full text in the |
appendix thereto. In its origin the Postal Union |
G ,mprised twen'y-three countries, having IA pOpu- |
nton oi three hundred and fifty millions Of people
on the LIST OF April next it will comprise fortvttree
countries and colonies, with population OF more
than SIX hundred and fifty millions of people |
AUG VIII soon by the accession of the few re- |
mlnlng countries and colonies which maintain |
organized postal services constitute in fact as |
wen as IN name, as its new title indicates n Uni
versa I mon, regulating upon uniform basis of |
al, zap postage rates the postal intercourse be-
tween all civilized nations
some embarrassment has arisen out of the con-
Ii'ct petWeen tue customs laws of this country and
the provisions of the Postal Convention in re-
gard to the transmission Of foreign hooks and
newspapers to this country by mail Ills honed
That Congress will be able to devise some means
OF reconciling the difficulties which have thus
Deen created, so as to do justice to all parties
involved.
THE SUPREME COURT
The business OF the Supreme Court. and of the
courts in many of the circuits, has Increased 10
slch an extent during the past years that add.
t'ohal legislation is imperative to relieve and pre-
vent tle delay OF justice, and possible oppression
u sultorS, which Is thus occasioned 1ha enenm |
bered condition Of these dockets is presented anew
III the report of the Attorney General and the
remedy suggested is earnestly urged for Conpres
sn'hal ACTION lhe creation of additional circuit
Judges, a. proposed, would afford n complete
remedy, and would involve an expense-at the
present rate OF salares-of not more than SEQ 900
year. ~ N'Y''V'
THE INDIAN TROUBLES
Inc annual reports Of the Secretary of the In.
terror ana OF the Commissioner Of Indian Affairs
present an elaborate account Of the present con |
dltloh OF the Indian tribes, and of that branch Of
the public service which ministers TO their intnr
est'' WINE the conduct OF the Indians gener-
any has been orderly, and their relations with
their neghbOrs friendly and peaceful two local
disturbances have occurred which were denlor
ape IN their character, but remained happily.
confined To a comparatively small number ~ IN, |
uH'hs Inc discomfort among the Bannocks
Whlch ed hrst TO some acts of violence on the
pllt OF some members of the tribe and finally To
tne oon',oletk' appears to have been caused by an
ihShlilclency OF food ON the reservation and this
hsnlilclency to have been owing to the inadenuncv
oil the appropriations, made by Congress To The
wants OF the Indians at II time when the Indians
Mele prevented from supplying the deficiency by
hunting Alter an arduous pursuit by the troons
OF tue United States, and several enptgements
the hostile Indians were reduced to subiection
ana the larger part of them surrendered them.
selves as prisoners. In this connection desire Ia
call attention to the recommendation made he tho
Secretary OF the Interior that sufficient fund he
placed ~ the disposal Of the Executive 10 he nsed
WIN proper accountability, at discretion in sud
den emergencies of the Indian service The other
case Of disturbance was that Of a band of North |
erli Cheyennes who suddenly left their reserya
tlon IN the Indian Territory and marched RAPIDLY
tnIougi the states OF Kansas and Nebraska in the
direction Of their old hunting-grounds con,mittin,,
murders aud other crimes on their way Frnm !
monuments accompanying the reports Of the Sec |
re'hry OF the Interior, II appears that this dis
orderly band was as fully supplied with the
necessaries of life as the four thousand seven
hundred other Indians who remained uuietlv an | ,
the reservation, and that the disturbance was
ia'seu ny men oil II restless and mischievous dis
position among the Indians themselves Almost
the whole of this band have surrendered To Tho |
nlltary authorities, and it is a gratifying fact |
mat when some Of them had taken refuge in the \
ann OF the Red Cloud Sioux, with whom they .
mad been In friendly relations the sioux held :
hem as prisoners and readily gave them up 10 c
me Officers OF the United States thus giving new |
'ro2i oi the loyal spirit which, alarming rumors !
o the contrary Notwithstanding they have uni- | 4
ornly shown ever since the wishes they EXPRESSED Il
ilied with. '' L
Both the Secretary OF the Interior and the See p
etlry oil war unite in the recommendation that -
lrovision be made by Congress for the orqanizn |
ION Of corps Of mounted :" Indian anxiliaries II
De under the control of the army, and TO be II
sed FOR the purpose of keeping the Indians on u
heir reservations and preventing or repressing n
disturbance ON their part | earnestly concur in c.
MS Recommendation. 1t is believed that the
iSthiNatioh VI sucll body OF Indian cavalry re- u
ewing moderate pay from the government "
iould considerably weaken the restless element Il
inong the Indians by withrawing from il a num- z
err OF young men and giving them congenal en-. ID
loyment under the government, 1t being a mat o'
81 oil experience that Indians in our service al c.
lost without exception are faithful In the per- "a
)rnance OF the duties assigIed to them Such | pc
D organization would materially aid the army ia g
ie accomplishments of task for which its nnmer- do
a strength Is sometimes found insufficient "
but whlle the employment of force for the pre-. oil
enton or repression of Indian troubles is of oe pr
lsipnal necessity and wise preparation shonId m
Q made TO that end, greater reliance must he 10
laced ON humane and ciyilizing agencies for the IN
Inmate solution OF what is called the Indian To
robem. 1t may be very difficult aud require
nch patient effort, 10 curb the unruly spirit OF OF
e savage Indian to the restraints of civilized AT
le, but experience shows that ii is not impos- by
Die Many Of the tribes which are now uuiet pu
nd orderly and self-supporting were once as it,
wage as any that at present roam over the &c
ans or IN the mountains of the far West and III
ere then considered inaccessible Ia ciNizinp in re-
fences. IL may he impossible 10 raise them Sc
NY up TO the level Of the white population of the ne
nited States but we should not forget that they pr
g the aborgines OF the country, and called the st
~ thelr own on which our people have grown
ih, powerful and happy. We owe ii 10 them as tic
moral duty to help them in attaining at least alb
az degree OF civilization which they may be able ne
reach. 1t is not only our duty-it is also onr pr
terest to do so. Indians who have berone no. in
'nltnrlsts or herdsmen and feel an interest In an
operty, will thencetorth cease to be n waIlike AS
ID disturbing element II is also u well anthem
9ttch iaet that INDIANS are apt To be peaceahle lH