The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1878-10-02


saaseer ef pessv SteS3osnS-la France sleRe
there were twsesyasee, each wtie It's ewe dy>
usSiy ard hiSsesy-ar3 each ktegSosl ieso an To-
6eits peuess Of fee3Atprtes, ne ksass we've
rasse Ega-e hssass the real power hy leeslly
~ilh The feg6sl laeSss, sn3 eeaOeeesslty ~ish sne
Pope. luS9igeeceS were eeaSat aud Seld 10
spss 2sy sss gsVssess seesosltIy prevailed, sod
every ss1dsrey ta~srd progression was sooseesed
10 the iol3s % so-ol3 eeelsSsssliesSa AMI
prosigase srissoersey,
10 a 4ora 10 t6s tAirtesa,h eeetnry, Ceiss
stood a. the keSyAth Of Der pewsS ard uasal6
eseess EercPs a. ths loves, PoSes u her SeeA,
3eoes. MsSuz Garter Uss oos written eao
1915. ard hss 10 Be- cosSs@sd above hity tiuiss
31r.as three esotcytsS before It's rsyosus were
assured Ccal-shst illrii.Sble reservoir Of me
eAanseal furce. wetcA has saoyessed the relations
ard reveletio0ized tes history II rsees-Was nos
discovered IN NsSeaSlls o0ll lSS9, nor r;a6e
an article Of trsssc uetl ISL, The Csess3ss.
the lnveagio1s et gaepowGsg and Pgtosipy-eosh
ebtafreG fron Cbins--the discovery OF ARertes.
the information Ia short. sll Of these causes Or
Iaaeenees 70 which the civilization d modern
Europe has been vSrtoasly aseftes6, bad yet to
eecur. When these tl3 oecas EaFeps rose -
poser. shilss a. thS ssEns tins, China, tro@
causes which iced nos enter laso here, tel lclo
decay. We have seen how Caios behaved toward
Enr0ps when tRs latter saS Al Der mercy. We
have asxt 20 trace the stttn8e OF Europe teSstd
ChisS upon the openi0g Of Oriental eowusTes
ard Ssacs thar tiss-tbat IS 20 saw, ever since
Europe has beeo1ls the stronger, foSs exchange
OF eo0iltous bad partly occurred before The
Portuguese rounded the Caps OF Good Hope. A.
this period China was 10 = iscayteS and isGdAl
eociitfoa Sbile the causes referred 10 were soon
70 ia,uSs fresh he. vtSQe ard resources into
Europe 1t was the Europeans who were DOW
the better armed and equipped. TIER ships,
their 4rtillery. their snail srus, were all better
than ours We shall presently ses what use they
made Of then.
Msa1~hils. let Us rspiily glance at the eond6-
tiou q the Celestial Empire. Is WAS Is have
stated. il j fsuisl condition, and 50. in great
measure. 1t continues 70 this day. Although the
lust pride Of the Emperor viii 40; permit him 10
admit the t4et, bis power over the numerous
provinces, tSlsudS and vassa and tributary states
WHICH compose his donipious. Is tar t70u coul-
plsts.
Europeans do rot appear 10 understand this
condition Of Affairs; yet it has bad much TO DO
with their Observation-Disclosures Of nv eountrymep.
The foreigners who hays az various tines sought
and obsaiusd imperial permission 10 trade st Ger
taiu ports Of China supposed, perhaps, when this
permission was 0bGaI0sd. that they had COM
piets right To trade. But this oy no means fol-
orsd- There remained 10 be obtained the
perulssior Of the fsEdssory or local authorizes
OF the territories il which the trading Was to be
done This permission @as not always sought
after. ard forciote attempts were made to trade
without Is--ssssupss TIA. inyartsbly gave rise 10
fVrther nlsundsrs;Andi1ss-
As Esudalism Of the type now existing IN
China has been long Sircs extIngufshed IN
Europe. 1t il dlficnE 10 illustrate the ipjusties Of
these attempts by references to any governmental
arrangements that TOW exist in the Western
World Tue best siGlile | can think OF would De
furnished 81 s60rt GA the part OF foreigners 10
lay railroad through the Uuissd States under s
CHARTER from the Federal GoTsEunsus. and with
cat obtaining permission from the States. Bat,
after all the resemblance between fsUialism aud
federalism i very f4iut- Happily for Americans
the Federal Government possesses sufficient mil
iIary strength 10 keep the States in s1bordinA-
ton. aud the States sufficient respect for the
Federal Constitution not 70 defy lis authority;
bat such Is not the case il ChIua, nor has il
been for several centuries The great vaSsals Of
the empire divide much Of It's poxer between
them; sometimes they even create the Emperor.
Ii was N the year Ass that the Portuguese,
under Yasco De Cana. made their way around
the Cape In 1910, uudsr Aloaq1srsue. they
trsachero1sly seized the East Iudia1 City OF Goa,
and lsaviug garrison iu 1t, sailed Away TO Ma
Aeca- which they had seen and coveted 10 1908
This great city thsy trsachefousIy and practically
cap1zrsd- The superiority Of their Grus will be
understood when Il Is stated shas this set was
committed b. ouly eight Portuguese assisted by
200 NaAoar natives. They pluadered Malaeca
Of 81 4 booty 30 enormous that the quIut0, or 9Th
OF the King Of Portugal amounted 10 100000
gold crlz43oes, sun equivalent 10 5000 600. .
exclusive Of ships. naval stores. artillery. and
other property. MaiAcca WIS az thAi time
Yassal state OF the Chinese Empire, and our irsI
acquaintance with maritime Europe was, there
fire begun o. lis part b. the greatest act Of pi
racT the world has ever witnessed Plzlrro's
pl11deriug Of Peru, committed teE pear: LATER.
was nothing compared With IT. Hearing at Ma
aeca Of the great ChIusss cities to the northeast
and hopiag 10 dogot to piIIlge them a. his cou-
pazioas had piLagsd Goa and NaIacca one Of
the Portuguese Raphael Psrestralo, sailed away
In i INK TO view our coast FIuiing the Cal
usse better prepared toe pirates Khan be expected
returned 10 MaIacca
The rssgII Of thI. reconnaissance was that
pretsadsd embassy WIS dispatched IRON Lis
Goa n 1918, under Ferdinand Auirzdl. TO treat
With the Emperor Of China tor permission TO
trade Andrada, the first European TO land 81
seaport Of Ctins. appeared of the hzr6or OF
Canton II the sane year. and vas allowed TO dis
embark and 20 se1d "a envoy TO the Emperor az
Peking- This saEoy, EhOss name was Thomas
Perez WIS kindly received, loaded with presents,
and accorded the faEocs be solzhE- He ct once
visited al the sea coast towns and after a rapid
survey Of than, rst1ruzd 70 Canton acd Joined
his cnIlsag1s, Altrada- NeanEhile, Audraias
BROTHER Simon, appeared Of the eoast IN eou-
mant Of 4 pIratIcal sqG1drou, pTlLaging the ia
hshIEauts and EeiLi8g yo1ng women he then
built fort o. the Island Of TsyHau aud sIIorted
uocsy from every vessel boQld 10 or from Can
ton; nat sgpposing bat that his brother Psrii-
u4nd WIS ca beard Of hIs Own ship and safe from
Chinese rsprizaL Thcz II appeared that this
band 81 eubass1i0rs we're 1osbIng bat I lot Of
zdEsusursrs ard ezt-shrugtz, whose sole o5jec:
was plgntsr AMI r8pins- 60 sooa as their doIngs
became known PEREZ and A1drzds we're seized
II CalrGn tried and condemned to pay fine,
ard to L=aEe the c5G1try-s mid punishment for
their great oE=nzes- Psnding the payment Of
tins fae. szhi=et Of the Salraa Of MAEzccs az
rived At Psking s1d related the story Of the
pfll4gs OF that town by the Portuguese The
tine Character Ct these scoGndrelz vas nov clear
segoud doah.- They we're again seized. this
tine % charges Of high treason. and condemned
10 death; their ETes beng offered them % co1ii-
uo1 Of restoring Malseca- Failing to 90 this
they were al sEsc1ies Il Is23-
have related the particulars Of thiz OR frs.
trzcssctiou with natives q maritime Europe Be-
cIzzs II n i type Of al TIE others that followed
trUa that tine aatIl the opian var Of 1872 TIE