Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1878-05-01

We have, for some time, been trying to
understand and appreciate the exact
agreement of scientific authorities on the
matter of milk and its proper handling. as
we'll as the beautiful unity of practice
which some so clearly see-and sometimes
we think we are getting along very fairly
toward the goal-and then something will
come up which upsets us and we are all
afloat again on the stormy sea of uncer-
tainty.
We had arrived at the point where, by
the exercise of unbounded faith in author
tiles, and shutting our eyes TO seeming
contradictions, we were about ready to be-
leve there was some road of scientific
principle, which the shallow settlers, deep
settlers, heaters. coolers, sweet skimmers,
sour swimmers, etc, ETC., were all travel
ing on, whether they knew anything about
it or not; and we were set at rest concern
ing the milk globule at the Montpelier
meeting of the board, by the declaration
OF Bro. Hoskins that the idea that the
globule was enveloped in any kind of a
sac an exploded one, that it had no such
envelope, but what had been called such
was due to the appearance given by inn
perfect lenses.
Now we are all upset again, for here
comes DR.. H.A. Mott, Jr., at the American
Dairymen's Association. with his Prof.
Arnold and his DR.. Fleischmann, and dis
tinguished microscopes, and best au-
thorities," and says it has an envelope, and
tells how thick it is, and that it is prob.
ably composed of adipose membrane. "
Here is how he puts it:
Let me consider the first portion of our
subject, and then proceed to the discussion
of the last. When drop of milk is ex.
amined under the microscope, myriads OF
beautifully formed globues of various
sizes will be seen suspended in clear IL
quid. These globules are known as milk
gobules, are of slight yellow color, dark
around the edges, and exhibit pearly
gloss. II is within these microscopic
spheres that the fat of milk is contained
The state in which these globules exist il
milk has been subject of considerable
discussion, but under the persistent en-
deavors to solve the problem by distin
guished microscopsts, it is held now b,
the best authorities that the fat globules O
milk are surrounded by an envelope.
The exact nature of this envelope ha!
not been actually determined, but expert
ments made by Prof. Arnold, as also b,
myself. convince me that it is not of tn,
same composition as casen, but NOR,
probably consists of the same nitrogenou
material known as adipose membrane
This idea l consider is both consistent will
my experiments as also with the accepte,
method of formation of the milk globule
by a process of budding. The expert
ments by DR.. Fleischmann to demonstrat,
the existence of an envelope, rs also thu
thickness OF the same, are not general,
known, and therefore must prove interest
ing. FleiSchmann proceeds to treat tn
subject automatically, starting from tn
facts that the specific gravity of butter i
.942, and the diameter of tho fat gIobul
from .Ol-.OOl6 m. M, and having show
that the velocity of he globule must var,
as the square foot of their radius, he prove
that if the serum of milk be regarded as
peTleCI Hult, llo WHO'S OF Jne gl0Dule
must rise as cream in thirty hours, even j
they were of the smallest size known t
exist, and consequently the globules O
ordinary milk should rise in far less tim
than this. In practice, however, onl
about 80 per cent of the fat globules ris
as cream after twelve hours standing an,
the most prolonged reposc does not vel
more then IS or 80 per cent. The globule
which obstinately refuse to rise have a di
ameter of .003s-.00l6 m. m. Fleschman,
concludes that the globules are impede
by adhering matter, and proceeds to cal
culate its. quantity. Taking the speoifi
gravity Of cssein as l.486. he finds that
coat of this substance .000053 m. m. i,
thickness will suffice to prevent tn
globules of .0038-.0016 m. m. diamete
from rising. while it will allow the large
globules to do 30. Further, supposing tn
fat to be equally distributed throuehou
the whole series of globules, he finds tina