New-York tribune., 1878-12-04
THE SECOND DAYS PROCEEDINGS.


THE SECOND DAYS PROCEEDINGS.
THE ExHIBTTs-CoMPETITIoN OF FOREIGN PRIZE
CHEKsEs-PRoCEssEs OF MANUFACTURE-GEN-
ERAL BUTLER on FRENCH AGRICULTURE.
The second day of the fair opened favor
ably. All the exhibits in their places, ana there
supply OF milk for the manufacture OF cheese by
the two rival establishments of Jones' Faulkner Co.,
of Utica and Whitman & Burrel Of Little Falls. The
only drawback the lack OF cream for
the creameres. The attendance during the
day was small but in the evening it was large-lareer,
several enthusiastic people said than had ever been
during the American Institute Exhibition. The
crowd was spoken OF as numbering thousands; but at
10 p m. the registering turDstle showed that about
2,7OO had entered the building during the day.
The milch exhibition attracted the greatest
share of attention They said TO be the finest spec
Of their several varieties which be produced in
New-YOrk and certainly very beautiful animals H.
K and b. Thurbers exhibits Of foreign cheese, each
Of which labelled with its aud place Of manu-
acure also proved to be Of interest There Is
an old Italian cheese covered with mould and another
shaped like Bologna the string still around 1t
by which 1t first hung mp. This firm also exhibits
an assortment OF butter packed and hermericay sealed
in tin canisters keep fresh for years. Twenty
thousand Of these packages sold to the United
States Government last year for use in the Army and
Navy
The ten cheeses surrounding the the pyramid, and
weighing from $50 to $50 pounds each are ornamened
with cards inscribed with opposite passages. among
which are the following; And carry these ten eheeses
with the captain Of their thousand. and look how thy
brethren fare"-L Samuel, xviii, IS last course at
dinner wanting cheese is like pretty woman with ony
one eye."-Brillat Savarn.
The cheese factory designed to show the process OF
making cheese by machinery Jones, Faulkner Co., OF
Utica n Y, began operations at 2:30 p. IN. Three
hundred gallons Of milk were used and four cheeses,
weighing about fifty pounds each. were put to
press at haf-past 8 o'clock. George Merry
is in charge. He has three factories in Oneida County,
and manufactures 650,000 pounds OF cheese annually
which always commands the highest price IN the mar
ket The factory in which the machinery Of Whitman
Burrel Of Little Falls n Y, is used, is In charge OF
Miss Meeker a noted darywoman OF Broome
County She used $50 gallons Of milk beginning at
$50 and putting her cheese TO press at about O'CLOCK
Crowds surrounded the factories to witness the derent
processes and many learned for the first time how the
The milk was poured into large n-ined vat, and was
heated with steam to temperature OF aDOht ~
Rennet "a preparation made from the sCoSe & VI tSr
was poured in wnen tie mix at once 90 t %
curd After it mad become snhSeny & no for tSs
cut into small squares by set OF HnlVes msc LII ~, % @
purpose and the whey drawn on Inc euro was i In91
Sr was t6en placed in hoops which placed to-
Seiber in a horizontal trough, where they were
Tbev he viii be ready for removal by noon to-day
The macery used in the two factories differs IN some
ay tue same both ToS2y & PTteE ~ ooSad %
be made in the forenoon aud the pots VII pe & b ~
GENERAL BUTLER's ADDRESS.
At o'clock General b. F. Butler introduced to
the audience and delivered long address Of which the
| following are the most important points:
The ordinary thought Of people has been that this
industry required of those who carried 1t on the owner
ship OF large extents Of lands, 50 that the common
idea Of a dairy farm is the proprietary OF domain
which in Europe would be almost a princpalty. On
the contrary the dairy like, all other agricultural
industries may be most profaby carried on by those
whose lands are OF the most limited extent and
the most highly cultivated In other words, that the
COW is mGst T9 pT3htaP& "a Ply K9ps & propose to
demonsrate INV proposition by showing that all agr
where the land is largely subdvided into separate
ownershps and that The aggregation OF ,gTea grea.
Amounts OF land is Improbable 10 the holder
and disastrous to q country ana its people,
Let us direct attention to land where all eyes
are now turned. Let us examine the agriculture OK
France in 1868 before the beginning of her war with
Germany which stripped her of $3.50 square miles OF
her territory leaving her only POI 900 square miles
With loss in population Of 100000 and compare IFS
roducops with our Own, and compare the habits OF ts
neople as farmers with ours, and see II we can wnath
IL that tends show differences IN their laVor
The boastu Western man upon his pralfes VIII pe ho'
little astonlshed TO learn that France with not so mucn
area as the state Texas raises more wheatn quantity
ban tbe United States all tOd the OF France being
op,v oO7 $50 square miles, 132000OOO acres. wnle
Texas contains 2372 231 square miles, or l54OOOOOO
acres And yet the product Of wheat In France In
the year 1868, was S5Q0CQooo 6gsdes ,a,es tes
for the same year only abont .4O0OO00o; 80 far
from supplying the markets Of the world with wheat III
the Year is67 sent to England ony 400o0oO nun
drpi-we ght of wheat, or ABOUT S3OUoVVo ~ Ndiu1,
WhIle France exported to England SllOOOO0O worth
of alone to spread the bread made from our
wheat or TO speak less lightly france seut more Naue
in butter to England than we ala all Khus OF Oreau'
stuTs ..., aeo ,, o,,,- ,,o ooy
et accurate statistics OF the products or the United
States and the products of France let me call your at
tcntion to the following EemarEaDe eu' Frapcc
tben mVIs"' produced 23O,OOOOOO bushels Of oats
against ,DT our d1T SaoSSooooo 100000 bushels
of harley against 100000; ana 32OVOoOO DuSh-
eIG % ncSdnets OF grazing and pasture land, which
are supposed he the necessity requiring cur eAehdea
4a5o 900; 1000 900 OF neat cattle against our l3-
100000; 3O,OOOOO0o OF sheep against or & &21OoO'oOO;
| ond n 0oO 600 OF swine against our 16,OOO,OOO.
As an example Of what may 9e me prohaS oI me
smaller industries OF farming, %on & W ne hng W IL an an
astonishing fact that IN the year lsoo france eApofeu
1orted a bacon and hams, of chief exports Of
provisions in 1858 that Is TO say IN round numbers
| ttry number OF 4l2 dozens. No man who has
| not seen these figures, who hes rot ex-
amned the agricultural productions OF France, can
believe that Ge $4,000 600 OF her nhabitanson terri
tory 40 small as give only three and half acres to
save cotton and tobacco with a nation like ours, OF
about the same number Of inhabitants whose territory
Seventeen times as much land for cultivation :,
Another aud more certain test OF the dlslDuu0n OF
wealth i'm France in this the population belng
divided into 100000 familhs allowing & Jour 70 the
famtIv which * nearly the ratio, 1OOOOOO OF those
FAMILIES or 4 100000 OF people, are In easy eircum-
tances tLat IS able TO live without work or business.
~ The remaining 600 900. winch may be SAID 10 be
eomuosed of the industrial aud working classes, 5000
! 600 only inhabitants OF the towns Inat
is OF the whole population, two-hfths OF tho
people In France, live in the cities, ana three
| hfths live in the country. Inls gives a
very surprising result compared with Engaod where
fonrfs OF the whole people live In towns aud 0nenih
nnlv i'm the country We have vet no data with which
/ am acquainted TO make Ike comparison with TINS