The New York herald., 1878-12-18

returned by sea. accomplishing the voyage to Ham
merfest in the astounding short of only ten days.
ASTOUNDING RESULTS.
Norlonski0ds success attracted the greatest atten-
ton. In Russia, and especially Siberia. he was
hailed as benefactor, who had at last realized
the latent hopes of many centuries. In the comph-
mentary telegram, forwarded him to Tomsk by the
Russian Association for Promotion Of Commerce and
Trade he justly and enthusiastically praised for
having opened great commercial passage from
Siberia via the Ycnisei and the Arctic Ocean to the
Atlantic.
IMPORTANT pIscovERIEs.
In studying on the chart the achievements Of
Norienskjold's first e.psSisioa ons is Immediately
struck by tho importance Of his discoveries for apart
from the fact, established by him. Of the navigable-
ness OF tho Sea Of Kara, erroneously styled the
ce collar Of tho North Pole" vast dominion, en-
closed by the Obi, Irtsch and Yenisei, hitherto
almost isolated, opened to commerce and trade
brilliant future seemed in prospect for these sup
posed mpcnctrable spheres and tho anticpations Of
reaching the rich products of China by northern
way were no longer chmerical.
CAUSE OF NoRDEEsKJoLD's SUCCESS.
Modest in his official statements tho results Of
his expedition Norlenskj0ld could not help privately
expressing in exubcrant words to Mr.. Dickson his
delight ut discovering a great part Of the north
eastern passage" for which seafaring nations had
for centuries searched in vain. The chief cause OF
his remarkable may be ascribed to the cir
cumstance that ho. following the advice Of expert
seal hunters and whale fishers. who arc as much
authorities in the Polar regions the slave traders
and ivory merchants in the interior Of Africa.
because they proceed in their adventurous vocations
to the farthest lengths and become thoroughly in
tmatc with the regions frequentcd by them started
his voyage at rather late time Of tho year in
failed they tried to enter the Arctic Ocean before
the ice had begun TO break.
SECOND VOYAGE.
In tho following year Norienskjold undertook
second trip. He chartered the Yer, small steamer.
frcightcd her with goods likely to find a ready sao
in Siberia and quitting Troms0e the c5th of July,
passed the North Cape in fortyeight hours and
landed at the expiration Of three days at Nova
Zembla. In twenty fonr hours he crossed the Maty-
ushn Schar and, entering tho Sea Of Kara perceived
il covered with drifting ice. If Nordcnskjold. like
Captain Mares, had become disheartened by this
sight he would have dcsisted from a
tinuance Of his route and found a ready
excuse for HIS return in tho alleged
ton of the impenetrability of the Arctic Ocean.
Fortunately Nordcnskjold was more perscvcring.
Blocked in by the ice he patiently awaited his time
and at ast cut his way through the frozen element.
Steering cautiously for time along the coast he
then continued northward, and happy TO see the
ice dspcrse moro and moro he ncared the 72d
degree north latitude Hc safely reached tho Yenisc
the 18th Of August, and anchored the vessel In .
bay. which he, In honor of his friend called
Dickson's Port. Ho afterward proceeded up tho
river disposed Of his cargo, shipped goods. aud
after stay of eighteen days, profted by in making
scientific researches, returned homo. Just seven
weeks after his departure he was again at Ham
merfcst.
ruK FIRST STEAMER KARA sEA.
In his comments the second voyage
Nordcnskj0id, laying stress on the fact that tho
Ymcr was tho FIRST steamer which had ever ploughcd
through the Sea Of Knrs afhrmci on his own obser-
vatons and those of Russian cxporers. that navi-
gable way might also be found between the Ycnisci
and Cape Cheijuskin during tho month OF Sep
tembcr and probably also the latter half OF August
The enormous Of fresh water pouring into the
Arctic Ocean from the rivers Obi. Irtch and
Yensc which all rise in the steppos OF Upper Asia,
effects a gradual thawing of the leo along tho
coast until % small channel in formed, sffording
passage for even large vessels. Nordcnskj3ld fur
thor asserts that the immense icebcrgs accumulated
on the eastern coast Of Nova Zombla completely dis
appear during tho autumn in consequence Of tho in
hucncc Of this constant cfiux from the first mon-
toned three Siberian rivers In proof of his state
mcnts no also refers 70 the stream Of the La Plata
which, albeit its waters not quito abundant as
those Of the Upper Ycnise nevertheless peycep-
tiblo $1,000 Kilometres from It's mouth. q distance
/ three times long that from Dickson's Port to
Cape Chcljuskin.
KrNa oeoAn. NoRprxsxIoLps PATRON
Encouraged by tho grand results OF his Hrst two
voyages Nordenskj0d. who had found in Mr. sibiria-
kofT, rich Russian gentleman substantial sup
porter as in Mr.. Dckson. sddrcsscd himself besides
to his government for assistance In equipping and
sending out Q new expedition. on q scale far more
extensive than his prcvious private enterprises. His
mepOrAnauin, submitted to tho King of sY0dsn aud