davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The trottinG season at Prospect Park opened
yesterday with match for s2oo between Graham :
chestnut s"ldng judge Duffy and WIN Thoni.s ,orr,
selfne stevens. mile heats, hcs; three In I'VE In hir
ness Tho nav irack under the present manae, neni
hashcnn made very wide-wdcr n nNthne. than Fleet
wool Pirk-the old hollow has been hlrd up. and the
iruitrrs can hc seen all tho around Tho betting
frr tho start ~ favor at stevens 50 The
nrst heat was taken by Judge nuny rs siuse head
from stevens Time. = ~ stevens trni,d steadily IA
the second heat aui took It hN longth m 80 TN"
thirl heat very cNCittn-. Judge nufiV lci uutl
entering Nc humcstcca. where steven, tolar,d hmm
ami hey had 1t n the nni.h. stevens WINNIE hv no.
IN a. The uurih and tru was won hy stevens IN
: 80 alter PRETTY stru.elr
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Tomorrow the penitentlal season Of Lent

Tomorrow the penitential season of Lent
ends in rejoicing-rcoirne over the resurrec-
ton Of CHRIST Yesterday. in the Roman Catho-
lie churches. the host WIS borne in process lon
to the conscoratcd repositories o-day the affairs
will be bare. and the silence will be broken only
by the pantivc notes Of tho TenehrT." This
mourning will last, in a great measure. until
sunday. when II will disappear in the triumph
of Easter. In the Episcopal churches tho ser
vices to-day will be Of an austere solemnity in
striking contrast with the exultant joyousness
Of Resurrection Sunday. and special collect
will be- said for the conversion Of all Jews
heretics and nfdcls"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Convict Labor Crushing the ua,,er.

70 THE EDIroG OF THE SuN-SW! write in
behalf OF my >o and OF several hundred idle hattcrs
who have hal little nothing to do this present wear
and, asa consequence. have not the pay board
ms or support families Hats have hccn madc m
SIM Sing Prison Tor wears hut not until recently n such
numbers ~ t. seriously Affect the interests the
am told that last lrnr there were inalr there some
-ppf'd ulns of hats Hud that the contractors hN tho
nlilu"n n machinery ami wufkmcn rNpcrt this wear To
make ~ many a, h,tnl dozen White the amount 90
labor mus lost to u>lsa sriHls matter still the connect
ton with chrap convict labor u greater lamnac sing
sing now determines the price Of labor on all such work
as !, mahr ihrrc JANIS rRlThttL
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The first article of the secret treaty be-
tween certain regular Republicans and the
Fraudulent President provides. substantially
that There shall bo no open quarrel before the
fall elections. Both parties TO tho compact
agree that it would be a good thing to carry the
next House Of Representatives, especially rs
the Democrats are certain Of tho Senate by n
comfortable majority. This bargain may suit
some OF the managing politicians. who think
their own personal interests are to be served by
surrender of manhood and miserable truck
ling to the temporary occupant Of tho White
House.
But it remains to be seen whether the rank
and nle OF the party. who have been betrayed
by HAYES and scornfullV treated. will kiss the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Fast Time at Mott Haven.

Tho members 81 the New York Athletic CLUB
met IN Mott Haven Yesterday To tho contest for
splendid GOLD medal between T. Mott and Moses BAR.
nett Mott To- walk - ards while Rarnrit ran no Varl,
h''nng was hrl-k p"Ni the starting Tine start
% iir ono Mott took tnr lead. At rolling gait A.frr
eighty Yards. Barnett with rush aud Dolu..l
Mott md the par reached tho tape together The Judges
d'c'icd IL deaf heat lu IS .,Nuis After rest 90 d.
tcru inmate, the men were started tor second time ter
the race. NHt was thc hr~t away and kent the lead
Wlnuius the rare an ruc style by three Yards IN ~.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

H-~rie-, u-stIt.t--Bsrnums Crcu. Mstinos
Broadway Theatre The Esies.
no~-ry Th~atr~-lhry Detective
nooth's Ibentr--Eriies
rifsh Avenue Th~str--Uncie Toms Cshin
Firtb Avenue frsii -rfcsttttsitstiom
crssd Op-rn ua">- -Benent vi Mis-, Moore.
Git,sor~'. Harden -p,ckrlr. London Circus
National Ih-ntr~-Rip Van wnkie.
New Work Aquarium broadway aud ssth e.
Nibis's asrde.-Leah
rsrk rh~s,r~-Our Aldermen.
STANDARD Ihcntr~-Pesrl of savoy.
ss. Frs.cis-" Minstr-is- broadway and 7eth st.
Theatre domiq"--vUioty.
T.sy Pastors OP~rs House variety. Matinee
u.t.. square Theatre 4 Celebrated casa
Nystiarh's Theatre plpioniacY
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Gardening Conducive to Long Life.

Thomas Johnson, who had been gardener 10
Col batteIshy County Meath Tor the long period sixty
years died lately at the OF l06 He retained all his
faculties 70 the last longevity in his case appears 10
have been hereditary for his father IL IA avid died Al
sul Tlper age. namely, lis years.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
a Child Brides Married Life.

Married Mt 10 choked and kicked down stairs
IN three weeks after the orange blossoms had
ten up, three years voyAge the matrimonial tide in
which there were more breakers than smooth seas more
clouds than sunshine; shiytr before the point o ri,
.s "a the hands of Jealous husband, who added Ia the
chm 0 the blood by tNrvdtvuus tuHsh bottle Niin
~ the police court Tor safety lh.s Is The summary NJ
history which was repeated in the West SIDE court
yesterday before Justice Murri,o by Mrs stevens 10
ycur.od Nlp
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Waiting TO Get wicked Again.


A priest once CHANGED to hear unperceived. n
ncrce verbal onslaught by Irish market woman on
another. Go on 90 on at last sad the mntrun at.
tackled you know I'll not answer yc because i've been
20 confession Tins morning, and I'm in state Of grace,
But wait Til get out OF ltlh
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
GARDENERS Challenge Accepted.

To THE EDIToR OF THE Sun Sn'. In reply to
Mr. GARDENERS challenge Will say that, ha,n. no
BLOOD will lean hn for fame n he VIII oal NJ Mr. T. T.
barnun gitatc,i show vn earth M a., American lu,u
ule bnNdlns. ions NAIlnhLon. ChAmplun IeAler.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
rs THE HUMAN ERE CHINGING ITS
FORM?

question oil tho utmost interest ana I'M
portancc Is discussed in paper lately read be-
lore tho County Medical Society oi New YORK by
Dr. Edward q. Loring and which is now pub
lished in pamphlet form. DOES il follow be-
cause persistent Application to books is OBJ
served to create shortn'ss Of s'sht. which
again is to some extent transmitted 10y
inheritance, TINT permanent and ma
tcrial change In the organ 81 vision
must be looked for in civilized nations
devoted to intellectual pursuitsY That Ia mat
ter about which we are concerned to hear the
conclusions OF trained orulist, who IS able to
supplement and verify the observations OF
others by his personal rrsearrhrs
There is no doubt about the fat thattho length
Of the eyeball is directly and gravcly modified
by study This has hcen conclusivoiy demon
stratcd by the investigations OF Dr. Erisnan
into tho visual capacities OF moro than 1000
school children at ST. Petersburg; by the al
most equally comprehensive data collected by
Dr. Conrad III k0nigsbcrg. and by the anal
ogous inquiries OF Cohn. Rcuss. Pneuger. and
others. The results reached by them have been
confirmed in principle II not in detail. by the
examinations iatey conducted in the schools
Of this city ~ DR.. LOring and Dr..
Derby, where the eyes Of some 1000
students wore scparatclv and carefully
tpsted-devintions in length equal 10 one
tenth Of a limo being rcckoned rs abnormal.
At the early agc Of six and seven years the
.','.,t.,,, -, .s ,,,, e,,,,,.i :, ho %
proportion OF Norman cS'S WIS i""hu w. W. %
per cent. hut this at the age al twenty
and tvcntv.ono had sunk to 81 uer cent
a. 49, -, t t f, ~.
va W" V'Hri H""u' "b"''"' li'' N"'''-
acterizing only 81 per cent. OF the eyes,
serutin izc1 in tho al vtb and seventh venr rosa
a. ,h, LII, .',I,,,,, ., 90 20 ,,,,.,,,,. .t,u.
:" NV 'iu'9' SVlV''is l" -o''' p'i v'ii'' S"'"-
ing an Increase during the period OF literary
application OF over seven fold. Az data for
- - - -, - ~
COMPARISON we may men''oh thnt IN - f''ers-
burg the proportion OF near-sghtrdn"ss al
vanced from l36 To- 433per cent nj Vionna
from, % ., en- ,,.h1o Ia En.t,.,,,.,. -,
Nun % " w. WIN III h'h'SH'''- o''uV-
red n still more striking augment from IL
per cent in the Youngest To- G2 in the oldest stu
A. ,,,,a A.. IL, ,t,, .,,,..t,' ,,,s. ~,
uvn'7' ~ '"o u's' SUN 'li' s""'s'I's Jus' c"-
ed appear sufficiently decisive; but Or. Loring
reminds us that myopia is a condition very ant
- s,,,,or,,,,,o no,,,,,, ,I - -,,l o. rr,'
W s"p'tNV'o "''"'o" '"' ~, " an" - i'D'n
causes independent OF study. such ns 'arl't
fever. measles. and other dcbilitnting discusses
nus III any nulli'o' " p'ts'ns' ""''"'r sun
jected to an intense strain Of the visual organ or
not the percentagc of the nrar-si,rhted would be
ht.,h,. -, ., 80. ,tn, -. - -. ,,. ~
"'sn'i ~ q Se"re 'n"" Ut i""'r "s'' %
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Subscription Rntrs.

DNtr q pages. hy mail SIC. month. or $3.50 4
year. postpaid with Sunday edition. $40.
SUNDAY ~ pascS St.cO per year. postpaid.
WEEKLY u pages 81 per year. postpaid.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Deserving "a Blind wife.


FIITI nv TWNITT FTIlTfT
New ORLEANS. April lG.-rhere is great com
nOtiou in cotton circles to-day Mrs l. oliver wife uf
Wtilknuwu architect clipped with Il De Gn. a nromt,
ncnt cotton huNcr. lie isA member the Cotton "
change also at it, directors lie leaves wc who
l. hni ami has iOur children Mrs. ONvr has two chi
drcn, and took them with her
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

or twenty ships, and two or three millions OF
dollars year will be enough to keep them
afiont
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

Our Legislature is doing an unusual
amount Of investigating this session. It has
already investigated some public officers. is
proposing to investigate others and now. un-
der spasm Of virtue. Ia going to investigate
itself This latter experiment will no doubt be
very cxhaustng; but an Assembly that could
pass ALvoED's Apportionmcnt bill. and Senate
that could acquit SMYTH. the Insurance Super
intcndcnt. must have sufficient hardhood to
endure to the end.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
!c carcer Of tho Hon. Emory RAINS.

The career Of the Hon. EMORY RAINS.
whose death in Emory. Rains county. Texas
was noticed in THE SUNS obituary column yes
terday. was singularly illustrative Of the muta-
biliiv Of human affairs Mr.. RAINS. during a
residence in one place Of about sixty years
witnessed no less than six changes OF govern
mcnt. He went To Texas in 1917. when Mexico
was yet under the yoke 81 Spain. and while in
the flush Of carly manhood took m active part
in achieving the independence Il the republic.
He was still more prominent in the struggle for
the liberation Of Texas. and stood foremost
AMONG the Legislators Of the infant State. The
press Of his ncighborhood does no, mention his
record In regard to secession and it is probable
therefore, that he merely acquiesced In 4. Mr.
RAINS was. II thus appears. first. by adoption.
a subject OF Spain then a citizen Of Mexico.
then of TcNns. next Of the United States. after
ward Of the so-callcd Confederate States. and
again Of the United States. and all this in life
time Of not extraordinary length. and without
leaving one locality.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The CdttO'ic Quarterly Rcuic,o has an mr.
tlcle on periodical literature aud especially on
newspapers. We learn from it that SCHUYLER
CoLrAx attempted 10 snub the Washington
correspondents and perhaps lost tho Presi-
dency.' writer who attempts to discuss pub
lie matters in n learned review should be great
deal better informed than this. SCHUYLER Cot
FAX never attempted to enub anybody; and
what brought him to political destruction was
the proof of his Credit Mobilier bribery. lying.
and perjury. He was found out. and that killed
him
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

Tho Hon. ALEXANDER G. SANDS, Of Cincn-
natl, popularity known AZ Archbishop SANDS.
has been reelected to the Office OF President Of
the Board OF Educntion in that progressive
town. Some superficial persons regard this
event rs n rchuke to Deacon RICHARD SMITH /;
but this is a mistaken view of the subject. 1t is
refuge to the wicked partners. and 10 no ono
else; and we trust that it may also serve AS m
additional warning to convince the Truly Good
Man that he ought To separate from those de-
PRAYED creatures at once and forever.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

Hegemsn Co, chemists and druggists 203 Broadway,
redueed the prices on all goods to meet the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

"A man stepped upon woman's trailing
dress. and apologizod." Such was tho little
origin Of n terrible tragedy in n Methodist
church in Jacksonville, Illinois, ON sunday Inst
An alteration follow :, tao main who stepped
upon the dress was shot dead, rs was also
another man who nteriercd. and the murderer
will probably be hanged in due time. Two
lives already taken. and one moro likely to be
taken. and all on account OF careless tread
upon MOman's dress
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
Beriin's Welcome to Americans.

The Prussan Minister OF Commerce has
addressed the following official communication
to Prof. Thomas Esleston. Jr.. OF the School of
Mines. Columbia College:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

rod that has smitten them and accept dlshonor-
ing conditions. Thousands Of them have al
rcady taken refuge in tho now National"
party, and others are prepared to follow this OK
ample when they find themselves tho victims OF
n double trcachery, and only rcckoned as sub
mssiyc instruments TO intrigucs ut Washington.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

If the Federal Treasury was overlooking
with money. II tho taxes placed on the people
werc light and easy. if the country was prosper
Gus and all the people were well off. it might be
proper for Congress to appropriate money for
the erection Of monuments in honor OF the de-
ceased Presidents of the United States. Favor
ablc action has already been taken In Congress
on bill to appropriate $4,000 for monument
To- THOMAS JErrERsoN; and yesterday Senator
BECK Of Kentucky introduced n proposition 10
npp' Jpriatr $1,000 for n monument to ZACHARY
TAYLOR. IT seems TO us that members Of both
Houses of Congress ought To- know that this is n
poor time to cxpcnd. in any unnecessary way
amy part OF the money that is screwed gu, OF the
hungry pockets Of tho people. II seems to us
TINT these liberal approurintors ought to be
ablc 10 ind out that the times are hard, and that
mutitudcs OF American citizens are suffering
in n way that they never suffered before.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
The Sultan of Turkey has appointed new

The Sultan OF Turkey has appointed new
Ministry for his Government. with SAFvET
Pasha rs Minister of Foreign Affairs and he hns
also ordered the observance Of the Constitution
and the carrying out o: reforms. SAsvrT Pasha
is one Of the ablest Turkish stat'smrn If tho
day. He has always enjoyed the confidence OF
the Turkish and English Governments. and has
held Office under several Su,tans. ana under
half y dozen different administrations. So
great was tho confidence felt in him that during
the negotiations on the san Scano treaty the Sui
tan tcegraphed him to ac' rpt and 10 sign what
ever conditions he pleased without comforting
with the Government He refused these extra
ordinary powers however, and insisted on hav-
ing the entire treaty accepted 10y ABDUL HAND
and his Ministers before alllXlng his signature
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The prosperous and happy housewives
who are smiling upon Miss CoRsoN's school
may do much toward bringing about the good
time coming. in which the finishing lessons in
tho fashionable sominarlcs shall be lessons in
cooking
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The liquor dealers are about To ask the
Row. DR.. HOWARD CROSBY to explain what he
will do about it If the excise middle is not set
tied by the Legislature. Tho Doctors answer
VIII be internsiing
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The example set ON u recent occasion by
the Senate Of the United States is being followed
in Canada. An ail-misht session Of the Domin-
ion Parliament. which ended on Saturday morn
ing last wis cnliyened uy scenes of drunken
moss and disorder, and the Canadian ncwspa-
pcrs less squcamish than the American press.
do not hesitate to give the names OF the more
prominent offenders. SirJoHN \. MAcDoNALp.
it is said, became simply drunk carly IN tho
night. and toward morning WAS Thoroughly
aid out" Mr.. G. j. CAMPBELL from Victoria.
Nova Scotia is described ns having been "ul-
tcrly bcsotted." while other honorable members
were blowing on penny trumpcts. crcakng
desks. bowling like foggcd hounds, and hurl-
ing blue-books like brckbats at each othor's
heads
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

resemble in many respects those Of the Com
muuisi- oI France and the Social Democrats of
Germany. are giving trouble 10 the Rus
sian Government even in these days Of
trial. There nave been Nihilist riots
in the streets of Moscow and csn-
where; and many Of the students Of the Rus
sian universities. who are imbucd with the
spirit Of Nihilism. have got into hot water
Hundreds OF these students have been ar
rested. and a st. Petersburg despatch
says that tho number Of persons killed.
in the riots is greater than the police
will admit Tho Moscow riots were brought
about by the arrival there OF body Of fifteen
students from the University Of KiciT. who had
Nihili,m. and who were surrounded
10y crowds OF Muscovitcs who cried
These young men suffer- for the truth" W.
have no account Of the method Of their disprr-
sion but no doubt it was tho Russian method
There has also been great rcjoi'nGat 81. Peters
burg for some days. among tho Nihilists on
account Of the ac1uttal Of Madame SUssu-
LlrcH. the Nihilst who attempted to as
sassnate the Chiri Of Police, and who con
Tossed that her act WIS one Of vengeance for
his cruelty TO Nihilist prisoners. Tho Cars
Government has been 50 alarmed nj the way
in which the press and people aupaudod
her acqutal that it has proposed to
change tho method Of trying Nihists
and this, doubtless, means that they are here
after 10 ice tried SO rs to be- convicted. Nihil-
ism has grown very formidable in Russia
during the last few years; and ms ii proposes.
among other things, to overthrow the imperial
and ecclesiastical system Of RUSSIA, tho author
tiles are sure TO continue to deal with It mcrci-
lcssly.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19

The House Committee on Military Affairs
have strained out n large quantity OF very
diluted humor on the subject of the lost trousers
and blanket Of private vs.. HINES, which arti-
cles were burned in AN accidental fire in South
Carolina two years ago. Tho people of the
United States, overiaxed TO support thousands
Of suporfuous and useless soldiers. would be
better pleased TO see their representatives going
seriously to work to reduce the army TO tho
proper llmlt " ten thousand men.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
a Close Trot ON u New Track.

To the Director of the Mining school at New yorE
Eglcstun. New iurk
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-04-19
A prize having been suggested for the best
poem celebrating tho enormous exploits Of BAY
ARD TAYLOR in drinking beer, the Utica HerdM
offers the following lyric:

This will not answer. It is not so very bnd in
itself, but it does not approach the marvellous
greatness Of the theme.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-08-14
TIE REFORM CRUSADE.
How ~ Worked In the Custom House Build
ings In Chicago aud Memphis.

WASHINGTON, Aug. l2.-Thc recent re-
moval Of Burling rs Superintendent Of the Chi
cago Custom House was but the beginning OF
the reform crusade Of which William Henry
Smith, Collector Of Customs ut Chicago. Is the
leading crusader. The fight las now set in TO
have Supervising Architect Hill removed. and
cmissaries from Chicago have arrived here on
that business. They were busy to-day trying TO
gather certain evidence showing Hll's COM
pliclty in corrupt transactions in several cities
whore public buildings are being erected. Hill
is al present in san Francisco His friends say
the fight on him has become personal matter
with william Henry Smith. and one 4 polti al
advantage with cX-CougrcssmanC b. Farwell Of
Chicago. who. while not much Of reiormor
has been working with Smith IN this case
Burling the Superintendent who was removed
was not ia favor Of Farwelrs return 10 Con-
grcss. and Mcdowell. the now Superintendent.
place VIM. Henry Smith. when he originally
made the charges against the work on the build
Ing accused HiIl with being implicated. As
si-tant Secretary French examined tho charges
and replied quite sharply t. Mr.. Smith on this
sore. ns did Mr.; Hin. and the latter's friends
say that this Is the reason for the present en-
dcaVOr To- secure Hills removal.
When the work on the Memphis Custom
House began. schneider 81 ~. Louis had the
contract fnr furnishing stone. Congress at tho
late session changed the character ~ the stone
tO Tennessee marble. The Treasury Depart
ment rtlrt the contract 70 Stnnelurr rs ne nhd
begun on the first contract. When Casey
Young. member Of Congress from Memphis
returned TO his home from the session Of Con-
gross, he got up meeting and sent protest TO
the Treasury Department against the fulfill
ment Of Schncider's contract. alleging that
Tennessee men should have n chance at fur
nishing the marble. sherman ordered a sus-
pension ~ the work. advertised for proposals.
all less than the contract made with Schneider.
H. that wa- known Ia the public schneider
protested. and lid without waving hi- protest.
While tho result Of the opening oi the bids will
not bee declared until Secretary sherman and
Supervising Architect Hill return, It is known
that hrother-iu-law ot Casey Young ia one Of
tho lowest The lnti"a needs all the help that
can Dee given him 10y workmen about the Mem
plis Custom House in his effort to be- returned
t. Congress There has boon murh quiet com
meut here az the action Of John sherman in so
quickly yielding to Casey Youug'- demand.
When It Is remembered that Casey Young did
all in his power To- prevent the Investigation. il
will not seem d strange