davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24
Southern Reconstruction.

The Baltimore american speaks OF the
condition of the negroes who returned after
the war and took up their residence in the
old quarters, but as laborers and not as
slaves. In the country little negro towns,
containing two or three hundred inhabi-
tants, sprang up, with the whitewashed
shauties standing each in the middle OF an
acre of ground, which is devoted to gar
den. Their condition is not as good as
could be wished, for though their habits are
improving, yet as a general thing they are
careless and unthrifty. The overseers of
farms, who are usually the owners or their
sons, are often found working in the field
themselves, and always making daily tour
of inspection around their property. The
land is cut up into smaller sections than OF
old and parts sold out to Northern men,
which brings new element into the popu-
lation. Thus slowly disappears the old
Southern customs which controlled every
thing before the war. A social revolution
such as that caused makes general up
heava and destruction of the existing order
of things, and for long time seems to de-
stroy all prosperity, but the time will come
when the South will be happy, united, in
dustrious country, which, if less aristocratic,
will be more generally intelligent. Her fer
tile plains and valleys will all be brought
under cultivation and yield rich revenue
to her sons aud daughters, be they black or
white, for its climate is such that almost all
kinds of fruits and valuable vegetable pro-
ducts may be grown and perfected.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24
TramnS nj the West.

No sooner were the good people of Iowa
rid of the grasshoppera than the plague of
tramps set in but the governor ordered the
sherffs to summon the posse comtd'us and
execute the law upon all "lawless persons
sometimes called tramps." This idle, good
for-nothing, lawless element is much holder
and more vicious West than at the East.
They lie in wait about farms until the men
folks have gone to the fields and then, enter
ing the houses, demand food and money
from the frightened women folks in tones
that brook no denial. Where their demands
are not complied with it is needless to say
that they resort to violence and that they
steal anything they can lay their hands on
They have also become an unmitigated nui-
sance to the railroads, swarming upon
freight trains and resisting all attempts to
drive them off. The western papers report
that some of the railroads allow them to
ride free on their freight trains as the
easiest way of getting along with them. As
reward for dead-head rides the tramps
break into freight cars as opportunity offers,
and help themselves to whatever they find
to their taste. One of the roads gives out
that its loss in tobacco alone during the past
year has amounted to no trihing sum.
Thus driven out of Iowa. these lawless
marauders and thieves moved over en- mdsSe
into Wisconsin and Immediately began to
operate. This army of invasion is said to
number five thousand, and to line the rail
roads across the state. To show how hope
lessly these men have become demoralized, a
correspondent of the Chicago Tribune states
that a farmer lately approached party OF
| them numbering fifteen or twenty and stat
| ing that he was in need of more help, offered
| to give every man of them work at one dollar
and fifty cents II day and board. They all
declined the offer, the leader saying that he
hadn't done a stroke of work for two years
and yet managed to live. Near Madison
the capital OF Wisconsin, the military were
lately called out to break up one wing of the
vagabond army, and the result was that for
| ty-seven tramps were captured and sen
| fenced to break stones for ninety days il
the public Streets Wisconsin is now thor
| oughly aroused and is determined to rid her
self of this evil at all hazards. volunteer
force designed for the suppression of tramp
has been organized, aud among those who
have enlisted are one hundred and seventy
five Menominee Indians. Iu view of the re
ception given them at Madison, and of thes
volunteers, the tramps will not be long il
,eeking new field of uselessness. Blu
since all the Western states have had enough
Of them and are now alive to the necessity o
protecting themselves against their furthe
lepredations, the future of the tramps look
lark. They may yet be compelled to d.
something to earn an honest living or accep
the stern alternative of determination.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24
Concerning SunstrOke.


DR., Alfred L. LOOMS, of New York, a
physician who has had very large expert
ance in the treatment of sunstroke, makes
some observations on the subject which
may be generally useful at this time. He
says the time of day or the particular heat
Of one day has little to do with sunstroke.
The real cause is prolonged heat extending
through several days. person may be ex-
posed to intense heat for two days. and on
the third day, which may be cooler than the
TWO preceding it, may be sunstruck. All of
the conditions are aggravated if the day be
calm, as even the slightest breeze would as
sist the evaporation of the perspiration and
so keep the temperature of the body down.
The disease is primarily owing to an over
heating of the blood. Most patients who
have had the premonitory symptoms say
that they feel hot, but cannot sweat. DR..
LOOMS believes that in the majority of
cases the use of alcoholic stimulants has had
something to do with bringing on the at
tack The other causes most frequent are
physical exhaustion and the living in close,
filthy rooms. Diet seems not to be OF marked
Importance, nor does the kind of business or
pursuit followed The treatment of the first
stage, which all persons can readily recog-
nize as the forerunner of sunstroke, as it
occurs during the summer and comes on
without the chill which ushers in fever, is
absolute rest, cooling applications to the skin
and head, and medicine to relieve the bowels.
DR.. LOOMS gives the following as treat
ment Of sunstroke during the stage Of I'M
consciousness, as follows Wrap the patient
in n sheet the temperature of which is about
eighty degrees, and over this place sheet
wrung out of ice-cold water. Or the patient
may be wrapped in the first sheet aud
sprnkled with cold water, or given cold
bath in any way that will not cause shock
Of the nerves. Ice should be applied to the
top of the head and cold water TO the spine
| The object of this is to reduce the tempera
ture as rapidly as possible When the body
| is reduced TO one hundred degrees there
should be a pause in the treatment. If the
temperature again rises, again apply the cold
and repeat this treatment until the tempera
| ture ceases to rise. At the same time slim
ulating injections may be used, the bowel
unloaded and the kidneys kept in action
| When consciousness has returned, which
will do il the heat has not been too long pre-
longed, the patient may be moderately stim
ulited After the second stage, which last
from one to forty-eight hours, the patier
RECEIVERS in two or three days. 1t is Ion
time, however, before the functions of III
brain and nervous system are restored.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24
RMONT WATCHMAN & STATE JOURN4


The recent action in the Berlin Congress
by which Cyprus is coded to England
arouses the interest of the public in the past
and present of that island. It is the third
in size in the Mediterranean Sea, being
about half the area Of the state of New
Jersey, and contains at present population
of something over one hundred and twenty
five thousand. The greatest length is one
hundred and forty-fve miles, and the great
est width sixty; and lying in the eastern
part of the Sea, about equally distant from
the Syrian and Asia Minor coasts, in front
of the mouth of the Suez Canal, it will form
a most excellent military and naval station
for the English.
Long ago, in the remote ages, Cyprus was
noted for its extensive forests that supplied
the Egyptian monarchs with timber for their
vessels. These have all disappeared how
ever, and plain and mountain are bare and
desolate. Only upon the top of the highest
peaks can trees be found, and in consequence,
it often suffers from drought, the largest
stream being sometimes entirely dry. The
wells are nearly all brackish and unfit for
drinking purposes. 1t was also noted for
its mineral wealth in early times, silver and
precious stones being found in large quaint.
ties, but now the mines are almost entirely
neglected Some parts of the island are
very fertile and produce many different
products, such as cotton, tobacco, silk and
fruits of exceedingly fine quality The
wines were once greatly celebrated, the
yield being equal to 100000 gallons yearly
but this has dwindled down to 100000.
The history of Cyprus runs way back into
the remote past when it won the renowr
which it retained through so many cen
turtles It had large, fourishing towns ant
was rich and prosperous. In 1870 it wa
captured by All army OF 10000 Turks, ant
has since been obliged to pay heavy trib
ute to the Snltan. Under Mohammedal
rule its prosperity has diminished, but il
the future, with an English guardianship o
its affairs, it may be as brilliant as it was il
the days long since passed away. The recen
work of General D Cesnola, in which he give
a detail of his discoveries in the excavation
made under his direction, has drawn atten
ton to its ancient history and aroused al
interest, to which its present disposition b.
the Berlin Congress has materially added.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24
Our County Convention.

While we are happy to believe that our
county is comparatively exempt from those
heated contests between aspirants, factions
and localities, which afIlict several of her
sister counties in the present campaign,
nevertheless, as is quite proper, we hear
notes of preparation for the approaching
convention. This is as it should be. A proper
inspection of the field and IA fair considera-
ton of the candidates seeking our support
is absolutely essential to the best results.
So far as we have heard intelligent Re-
publicans from the various parts of the
county express themselves, there is no seri-
GUS intention of making change in the
offices of Judge of Probate, States Attorney
or Sheriff. Judge Tilden has been most
competent and faithful officer, and it may
well be said of the responsible position he
occupies that it is the highest wisdom to lei
well enough alone. When a change is made
it should be made with great caution, and
with good assurance that the high morale Of
the office will be fully maintained Messrs
Plumley and Tuttle have had but one cleo
ton each, and both custom and faithful
service unite to give them another.
OF our present Assistant Judges of tn,
Court, Judge Martin has had two elections
and, if we follow implicitly the line of prece
dents, would give place to a new man
though if custom is ever set aside, it nigh
well be here, for Judge Martin has prove
an exceedingly valuable officer. If a ne'
one is TO be chosen, we have heard frequer
and favorable mention made of John n
Fisher, of Cabot, james A. Coburn, of Ea
Montpelier and d, T, Averill, of Northdel
These gentlemen are all well known in Il
county, and either would worthily fill Il
position named
In respect to Senators there seems to
more room for diversity of opinion aud a
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

JAMES GORDON BENNETT now contem-
plates double expedition to the north pole,
He has been in consultation with Petermann,
the great German geographer, and other
arctic experts abroad, and now proposes to
fit out the yacht Dauntless, putting in her
an auxiliary engine and screw, and other
wise making her complete for an expedition
by way of Spitzbergen. The Jeanette is on
her way to San Francisco, and will pass
through Behring's straits on her way to the
Arctic ocean early next year. Bennett will
spend not less than Sl20,000 on the jeanette
expedition. He wishes the navy department
to furnish for the Dauntless a crew, officers
and provisions. He is persuaded that two
vessels going in different directions, but by
two ways which are admitted to be the
only ones which promise early success, are
the best means of reaching the pole.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

GENERAL SHERMAN NOT CATHOLIC
st. Louis paper publishes private letter
from young Thomas +. Sherman, the Oldest
son of the general of the army, announcing
his decision to abandon the bar and prepare
for the Roman Catholic priesthood. For
this purpose he sailed for Europe last week.
His letter concludes thus:
My father, as You know, is not Catholic, and
therefore the step am taking seems as startling
and as strange to him as ! have no doubt it does
to you my dear sir. | go without his approval,
sanction or consent; in fact in direct opposition
TO his best wishes in my behalf For he had
formed other plans for me- which are now de-
feated, and had other hopes and expectations in
my regard which are necessarily dashed to the
ground. In conclusion, my dear sir | have one
but to all our friends and relations to whom you
may see fit to show this letter or communicate its
contents; it is this: Feeling painfully aware that
| have grieved and disappointed my father beg
my friends and his, one and all, of whatever re-
ligion they may be, to spare him inquiries OF
comments of any sort, for | cannot help feeling
that anything of the kind would be ill-timed and
Inappropriate, Trusting to your delicacy and ia
theirs to appreciate my motive in this and to
comply with request so easily fulfilled, ! re-
main, with great respect affectionately and sin
cerey yours, THOMAS EWING SHERMAN.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24
A SUBSCRIBER at Rock Island, ILL.,, writes

A SUBSCRIBER at Rock Island, ILL.,, writes
" This city of fifteen thousand inhabitants
has seventy licensed liquor saloons. We
have temperance reform club of some four
hundred members. The ladies' society
white ribbon club-numbers some seventy
members. A great deal of hard work is to
be done here. The churches are slow to
come to the rescue of the inebriate. We
have reading-room, with hall attached,
which the club has secured aud we are now
to have, every Sabbath afternoon, mass
meetings in the court house grove, with
speakers from abroad" This is cheering
indication that the temperance people Of
Illinois are still doing all they can to pro-
mote the good work.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

WHILE we do not believe in the " bloody
shirt" we do not agree with those who think
the South needs no further watching. The
union of the solid South with the Dem
ocracy of the North is an alliance dangerous
in many ways to the prosperity and even
the peace of the country. Those who, dis
gusted with the faults and sins of the Re
publican party yield to the temptation of
favoring that alliance, are playing with fire.
The spirit of the South is revealed in many
ways, noticeably by such paragraphs as this
from the Augusta (Ga) Chronicle
'If the South could leave the Union without
firing shot she would not do it, The Union
means to her now profit and domination beyond
her hopes and the expense OF her bitterest foes
who have been blown up by their own torpedo"
Profit and domination" What do these
words mean but the payment of Southern
claims and the rule of the nation through
the Democratic party
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

SAYS the Albany Evening Journal; "There
is suggestion of Senator Edmunds for
President. Mr.. Edmunds is strong, acute,
big-brained, sound-hearted man. His SER
vice in the Senate is of incalculable value
to the country. He is independent; he
wants no favors he has no difficult and
divided home interests to deal with he has
nothing to hamper him in striking boldly
against every wrong; and all this, with his
superior knowledge of legislation, puts him
in the best possible position to protect the
public interests. He is the remorseless foe
of all crude laws and improper schemes; is
always viglant and never afraid to object.
lie is too useful a man in the Senate to be
lost from that body in the Presidency or
anywhere else."
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

JUST LIKE HM.-An interesting contri-
button to the secret history of the Confed-
eracy is made by A. $. Colyar,wh was amem-
Der of the House during the last year, Some
time toward the close of 1864 he served on a
committee that was appointed to investigate
the situation. They examined among
others General Lee, who told them plainly
that the end was inevitable and could not be
long delayed, Colyar thereupon drew up a
set of resolutions looking TO a peace con-
ference, and they were debated several days.
Jeff Davis particular friends opposing them.
Finally, however, the latter promised that if
Colyar and his party would not press the res
outions, Davis would appoint the commits
sioners they named, Stevens, Hunter and
Campbell, They agreed, and Davis dis
patched the commission, but when they re.
turned Colyar and his friends learned for
the first time that they had been clothed
with no power except to treat on the basis
of independence, which made their mission
perfect farce. jeff Davis therefore proves
TO be personally responsible for all the use
less sacrifices that were made between this
time and the final surrender
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

REVIVAL OF TRADE.-The revival of
trade which Mr.. Atkinson predicts in this
country, has already begun in England, and
holders of consols are fast selling out, in
order to make a better use of their money
The French government began last We'd
nesday the sale of the new three per cent
bonds, which are to take the place of the
five per cents, This is the reward of finan-
cial honesty. France has resumed specie
payments, has paid the interest on her
bonds regularly in coin, and has stopped
coming silver. Her standard of values is
gold, and with that understanding She finds
Il possible to place her debt at three per
cent, We pay ON our smaller debt, with
greater resources, an average of 5.3 per cent,
ior the privilege Of talking about payment
in irredeemable paper,
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

GREAT England, never so great as to-day
receives its returned plenipotentiaries with
every mark of popular qualification. Eng
land feels once more its weight in the world.
The liberal party, which sees the chance of
coming into Office on the Eastern question
gone, hesitates whether to take direct issue
with Beaconsfeld, or wait till the terms of
the treaty are more clearly seen, and espe-
cially the unrevealed arrangements with
France. But the opinion OF England is UNI
doubleday expressed by the London Times /:
alt has made changes which transform an
empire; has removed long-standing causes
OF discomfort; has pacifed, we may hope,
provinces which were torn by dissension and
msrule; has placed barriers between rival
forms of implacable bigotry; has stopped
many avenues of foreign intrigue, and if it
has abridged the power of the Porte, it has
given peace to Europe
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

OUR readers will be surprised to learn
that that exquisitely beautiful aquatic plant,
the pond lily, may be raised in a garden or
dooryard. The Hartford Comm Post re-
ports that the Chief of Police of that city
tried the experiment with success, Discov-
ering a rare lot of these lilies on Block
Island, he pulled up some of them, carefully
noticing what depth of soil the roots took
1t was found they struck down about one
foot, branching out in varions directions for
nourishment. On bringing them home he
had them transplanted in tubs, the same
depth of earth being provided as that had
by the plants when growing naturally. The
tubs were then filled with water, and kept full
until the cold weather set in. When frozen
sufficiently they were taken to the cellar,
where they remained all winter. On the
opening of the spring, he had them replaced
in his yard, and after short time the roots
showed signs of life. From that they have
grown into perfect plants, the leaves cover
ing the surface of the water, and buds and
flowers developing naturally. The flowers
are among the most exquisite specimens Of
pond lilies to be found anywhere, and tn,
fragrance from them can be detected for
long distance from the spot where they ar,
| growing.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

The London Times sees very much to en-
courage it in the financial outlook, and its
reasoning must impress every one with its
cogency For a long time money has been
nprecedentedly cheap in all the great finan-
cial centers. The natural effect of this
cheapness is to encourage investors to EN-
bark in enterprises that they would have
stood aloof from at times when the rates of
interest were higher. Capital can no more
afford to lie idle than can expensive ma.
chinery and costly factories. The necessity
for employment of it to prevent rapid d.
minution is imperative. People who have
money are recognizing the fact that they
must come down to as low profits as the
merchants and manufacturers have to be
satisfied with. When they do this fully the
day of business revival is close at hand, and
the Times belief is that they have done so.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

The CdthOiic ReuieO says that the latest
accounts from China represent that the
famine in Shansi, Chihili, Shantung, and
Honan, is now at its worst. 1t adds =" Its
ravages have been terrible. In Shansi the
population has been reduced from over one
million to one hundred and sixty thousand
souls; and the whole number who have
persisted is not less than five millions. The
lower classes were the first TO suffer in
some of the districts these have been actually
wiped out" Now the famine has attacked
the well-todo and the wealthy, and they find
heir wealth inetfiacious to procure for them
even the coarsest food. They are now per-
ishing the stronger attack the weaker, kill
them, and exc out few days longer by
eating them. Meanwhile the sun shines
ptiessly in the brazen heavens, from which
not drop of water has fallen on the parched
soil for more than half year The govern
ment is quite willing to send forward sup
plies of food, but there are neither railroads,
navigable rivers, nor sufficient numbers of
beasts of burden so all the aid that comes
arrives in such dribets as to make no i'm
preston on this mass of human misery. Let
ters from some of the Jesuit priests on the
mission say that the horrors around them
ire indescribable and almost incredible, and
that many of the wretches are actually eat
ing their own flesh
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-24

FROM advices received at the headquar-
ters of the national Republican Congressional
committee in Washington, the prospects are
there regarded as favorable for the success
of one independent candidate for Congress
in the states OF Virginia, North Carolina,
Mississippi and Texas. Three or four dis.
tricts in Louisiana are claimed as possible
for the Republicans to win, as also two in
Tennessee, two in North Carolina and one
in Virginia, while hopes are entertained of
carrying one district in Maryland.