davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
DJPIHERI.

Johnaon's Anodync Liniment will posi.iy,
vent this terrible disease. and will positive
nine cases In ten, Information that will save
lives sent free by mail Don't delay mo
Prevention is better than cure. Sold cvoryw
l. ). JOHNSON 4 CO.. Bangor, Maine,
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28

IT 10 WORTH \ TEIAL.-"I was troubled
for many years with Kidney Complaint,
Gravel, &c; my blood became thin; | was
dull and inactive; could hardly crawl about
and was an old worn out man all over, and
could get nothing to help me, until got
Hop Bitters, and now | am boy again, Ny
blood and kidneys are all right, and | am
as active as man Of 80, although am ~,
and | have no doubt it will do as well for
Others of my age, 1t is worth a trial.
CFathcr,l
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
NOTICE

Is hereby given that default having been made for
more that sixty days in the payment of portion of
tlc amount secured to be paid by mortgage exc.
Cnted by Max knehne and Michael Jungmeicr, to
samlal stats Taylor and Edwin Parsons, Trustees
OF lhe 'Hiro city Property. dated August 9th, A. d.
lni3 ana recorded IN the Recorders Office in and for
Alexander county. In the State of Illinois. in Book
6oi Deeds, on page o. The undersigned the sue.
ccssor OF said trustees will on Saturday the ith dny
OF January, a. d.. 1879, at 10 o'clock IN the fore
noon Of that day, under and by virtue of the power
o' salc contained In said mortgage sell Mt public
auction to the highest bidder for cash, at his Office
corner OF Washington Avenue aud Eighteenth
street, IN sad city of Cairo, IN Alexander county
ana state OF Illinois all the right title and interest
81 sala Max kuchne and Michael .Iungmeier or
,9olr assigns, In aud 10 lot numbered o. (nine) In
mock numbered ~. (scvcny thrccL In said CITY Of
caro- according to the recorded plat thereof with
W. appur'enGnces, TO satisfy the purposes and con
dillons ofsul Mortgage.
Daleu' Cairo, ILL.,, November Goth, 1879.
), STATS TAYLOR,
Trustee of The Cairo city Property.
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
NOTICE OF FINAL SETTLEMENT


ESTATE OF THOMAS KEBFE, DECEASED
state Of Illinois, Alexander county, rs
TO Bridget and Johanna kceie; heirs of said do
ccdcrt, and all Others interested:
You are hereby notified, that on Monday. the Goth
gay OF January, A. u 1879 the undersigned admin.
lHf'tor OF SAID estate, Will present to the county
court of syid Alexander county, at the court house in
Cairo, Illinois, at term thereof then to be holden.
his lnal report of his aCIs aud dOngs as such nd.
mlnstraor ana ask the court TO be disCharged from
any and all further duties and responsibilities con
nected with said estate, and his administration
thereof, at which time and place such persons az
are Interested may he present and resist such appi
cation II they choose 80 to do
RICHARD FITZGERALD, Administrator.
Cairo. Illinois, December 10Th A. d. 1878
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
legal
IoTIcE OF FINAL SETTLEMENT.
ESTATE or JESSE GLASGOW, prcy,

ESTATE or JESSE GLASGOW DECEASED
state Of Illinois, Alexander county. SIS
Notice is hereby given that on MONDAY. the a0tb
day OF January. \. D. 1879 the Undersigned admin.
i-rator ofsaid estate, will present to the county
court OF said Alexander county at the court house
caro- illinois, At term thereof then to be holden,
his la report of his acts and dongs as said admin
isratur and ask the court 10 be discharged from apy
and all further duties aud responsibilities connect
ed WIN snid estate, and the administration thereof
csted may be present and resist sucn application if
they choose 50 to do.
ELIAS NJ GLASGOW. Administrator.
Cairo, Illinois, Drccmbo. 2lst, 1873
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
IMPERIAL GRANUM.
SUPERIOR NUTRITION THE LIFI
IMPERIAL GRANUM.
The Great Medicinal Food.

The Salyctnr for lnyalids and the Aged, An In
comparable AliMcnt for the Growth and protrc-
tiOn OF Infants and Children, A Superior
Nulritiyc in Continued Fevers, and
hcHHOlt ltemcdical Agent In all Diseases of the
stomach and lntestines
IHIS justly celebrated DETETfc PREPARATION 10
in composition principally the GLUTEN derived
rom the WHITE NlSrER FLINT WHEAT CEREAL, a
sOld extract. the Invention of an eminent Chemist
II mas not only bee 3lghly recommended but Ger.
tlhed To by large Ia nber of Chemists and Physi.
cians-rcprcsenting q very high degree of medical
sClence-as the Safest Most Acceptable and Rclia-
Die Food for the Growth and Protection Of Infants
and children, and for Mothers lacking Sufficient
Nourlshment for their offspring
mike those preparations made from animal or
vhous matter which are liable to stimulate the
brsn and irrilate the digestive organs, II embraces
IN lts elementary composition
lhat which makes Bone and Muscle. That which
makes good Flesh and Blood. That which Ia easy
OF Dgestion-ncyer constipating That which IL
KIND and friendly to the Brain, and which acs AZ
preventative of those Intestinal Disorders ncilcn-
tai to Childhood
And while 1t would be difficult to conceive of any.
thihg IN Food or Desert more creamy and delicious
or more nourishing and Strengthening as an ali.
inent IN feyers, Pulmonary Complaints, Dyspepsia
ana General Debility, its RARg MEDICINAL ExcEL-
lHSoE IN all INTESTINAL DlsEAsRs, espcciayin
Dysenterv, Chronic Diarrhaa, Cholera Infantum,
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
Office Bulletin Building Washington Avenue
CAIRO, ILLINOIS.
description Rates.:

Eight lincs Of solid nonpareil constitute square.
Displayed advertisements " III be charged accord
M 10 the spaCe occupied, at above rates-therc be.
ne twelve lines Of solid type to the inch
To regular advertisers we offer superior induce.
nents, both a. to rates Of charges and manner OF
displaying their fayors.
Local notices twenty cents per line for first inscr.
ion; ten cents per line for each subsequent nscr.
lion.
Communications upon subjects Of general interest
70 the public are at all times acceptable Rejected
manuscript will not be returned,
Letters and Communications should be addressed
Cairo Bulletin, Cairo Illinois y
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
PUBLISHED ON THURSDAY

IS 200 Per Annum
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
Organized July 18th, 1877, Under the Laws Of
the State of Illinois. Copyrighted July
Q, 1877, under Act of Congress.
Of'fiCFRS:
BOARD or MANAGERS:

J. j GORDON, Physician. ...."....... Cairo, his
Mrs. p. A. TAYLOR Superintendent OF
Schools, Alexander County............
Mrs L. c. FORD, Variety Bracket Store,
j. A. GOLDSTINE, Of Goldstine & Ro-
senwater, Wholesale and Retail Dealers
In Staple and Fancy Dry Goods ...... +"
" b. 1HlSTLEw GOD, Of Hinklc &
Thistlewood Commission Merchants
Cotton ana Tobacco Factor. ......... "
5, d. AYERS. Of Ayers & Co.. Commits
sion Merchants. Observation-Disclosures. -
THOMAS LEWIS, Insurance Manager
and Attorney at Lsw..................
WIN. STRATTON, Of Stratton Il Bird
Wholesale Gr0cers. d"
GEO. NJ ALDEN, Commission Mer
chant, ~ Ohio Leyee. .................
JAS S. REARDEN, Agent Mississippi
Valley Transportation Company 49,. +"
HARRISON HOUPT, Matchmaker and
CHAs. X STUART, Wholesale and Re
tail Dry Goods and Notions. ......
EDWARD A. BUDER, Manufacturing
Jewcler and Wholesale Dealer In
Waichmakers Tools and Materials.... " -
EDWIN r. EGNEW, Proprietor ST.
Charles Hotel Observation-Disclosures.
HAZEN LEIGHTON, Commission Mer.
Dr. EDWARD r. ROE. L, S Marshal
Southern District Illinois Springfield, Ills
Dr. r. 5, BRIGHAM. Physician indianapolis, Ind
JAS, II. GELATT, Real Estate
Rey: DAVID C. WELLS, Methodist
Minister Grand Junction, Tenn.
j. L. GULLEY Merchant. Meridian, Miss.
IRON WORKS
The daily Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1878-1???, 1878-12-28
A GENTS READ II.

We will pay Agents salary OF sln
and expenses or allow q large conimif
our new and wonderful inventions "
We cay, Address. without delay.
SHERMAN & co, Marshall,
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27

R65- Official returns state that
the Russian Losses in killed and
wounded during the late war
amounted to $1,000 officers and
men. Among thes, were ten Gen
erals killed and eleven wounded.
Oae Prince of the mperial family
and 81 members Of the higher no.
bility OF Russia ieli on the field OF
battle. OF the wounded. SO, 1924
are perfectly recovered and 10 600
more will lie ablc to leave the hos-
pitfalls during the next few weeks.
The proportion of killed and
wounded to the total number co.
gagged Was very large. one out OF
every six men who Went into ac-
ton being either injured or left
dead on the battle field. In the
great actions of the Franco-Ger-
man war the proportion killed and
wounded to men Engaged was very
nearly the same, being one-s'x'h III
the battles Worth and Sp' eheren,
and one-eghth in the battle OF
Mars-La-Your. The returns also
show that one out of every eleven
wounded men received into the
Russian hospitals died from the ef-
fects Of the INJURIES received. Du-
RUG the whole campaign only two
men were punished with death
one tor the crime of deserliOn, the
other for robbery accompanied
with violence. On the other hand
20, 900 rewards were given IN the
iurm of decorations, promotions,
or AWARDS Of money, the Eighth
Corps which so long held aud de-
tended the Sh,pka Pass, receiving
the greatest proportion
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27
WHAT TO TEACH GIRLS.
Translated from the German.

Translated from the German.]
Give your daughters thorough edu-
cation. Teach them to prepare nour-
ishing diet. Teach them to wash. to
iron, to darn stockings, to sew on buttons,
to make their own dresses. Teach them
to bake bread, and that good kitchen
lessons the apothccary's account. Teach
than that one dollar is hundred cents,
that one only lays up money whose eN-
penses are less than his income, and all
grow poor who have to spend more than
they receive. Teach them that a calico
dress paid for fits better than sllken
one unpaid for. Teach them that full,
healthy face displays greater lustre than
fifty consumptive beauties. Teach them
to wear strong shoes. Teach them to
purchase, and to see that the account
corresponds with the purchase. Teach
them that they ruin Gods image by
wearing strong bodices. Teach them
good common sense, self-trust, self help
and industry. Teach them that an hon
est mechanic in his working dress is
better obi ect of our esteem than a dozen
naughty, nnely dresSeu luleiS. Ae"ch
them gardening and the pleasures OF ma
ture. Teach them, ifyou can afford it,
music, painting and all other arts, but
consider them secondary objects only.
Teach them that a walk is more salutary
than a ride in carriage and that wild
flowers are worthy object of adminis-.
tration. Teach them to reject with dis
dain all appearances and to use only
"yes'' or "no'' in good earnest. Teach
them that happiness of matrimony de-
ponds neither on external appearances
nor on wealth, but on the mans charac-
ter. Have you instructed your dauga-
ters in these particulars and have they
comprehended these principles? Fearl-
lessly allow them to marry; they Will
make their way through the world.
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27
ELDEE & CO.,
FIRE e. LIFE ms CRINCE -iGENTS
WOOIVille, NiSSi> sippi,

WA
Represent the following First Glass
Companies:
U. S. Branch Liverpool and London and
Globe, assets over S},652, 900. Planters,
of Jackson, Miss, Assets over 5000, 900.
Phoenix, of Brooklyn, Assets over 81, 1872
600. Home, of New York, Assets over
IS, 900. Manhattan, Of New York, AS
sets over 100000. Hanover, of New
York, Assets over $1,6OO,OOO. New Or
leans ms. Association, cash assets over
S52o,OOO. Piedmont and Arlington Life
Insurance Co., Richmond Va, s., 4oO, OOr.
Also agents for East &. West Fcliciana
Parishes of the Royal Canadian ms. Co.,
of Montreal. Capital $6,OOO,O00.
Rates Generally lower, and security
more tangible than in New Orleans Mu-
tual Companies.
Correspondence solicited from neigh
boring Counties and Parishes, and any
desired information most chee,Jnly girca.
We give particular attention to the In
surance of Churches, Dwellings, and
farm property for Il term of years and
now offer $1,000 policies for 3 years at the
low rate of $40. Gin House Insurance
q speciality.
10 For further particulars apply tC
Elder d Co. Woodville, Mississippi, or tc
JOHN ID. AUSTEN, St. Francisviile, La
ROBERT S. AUSTEN, jackson La,
LOUIS NAUMAN, Clinton La,
sub. Agets.
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27
Correspondence Pointe Coupee Pelican. ]
RECOVERY OF THE BODY OF HEN
RYLOPER.

The body of Henry Lopez, the mate OF
the Inflated steamer LOTUS was discov-
cred by .colored man, last Tuesday, 10th
inst while fishing by the bank, near the
Nina plantation. When deceased was
last seen on the burning boat, it was OBJ
served that ha had a carpet-baS in his
hands, which was apparently very heavy;
the supposition therefore is that having
taken a death grip upon the bag as he
went under; it kept him down after he
dro y ned, and it was not until the hand
rotted away that the body was able to
rise to the surface. The corpse, after it
came to the top foated down some few
hundred yards and then became caught
in some briars near the bank, where it
was found as above stared. Before
touching the body Mr.. Pourciau, justice
of the peace, was sent for, a corcners jul
ry empannelled, and the body was then
brought to the bank by means of trout
line. II lay face down, with a coating of
about three inches of sand onvelopin 6 It,.
Upon turning the body over the face and
ears we found to have been eaten. away,
but all parts of the corpse, where the
clothes had covered the same, were in an
apparently natural condition. Searching
the clothes of deceased, they found in the
back pockets of his pants tooth brush
die of deck passage tickets marked Lo-
tus No. B." In one of his side pockets
were two brass keys, and in the other
pocket were IL pair of spectacles and a
S. bill and some other bills too much
mutilated or rotten to take away. The
collar button and one sleeve button were
on his shirt, and in the vest a massive
gold watch and chain, with locket at
tached, III the locket was portrait of a
young lady; a heavy string around the
neck further secured the watch and chain.
Deceased, who was we'll dressed, was
buried at the Nina Plantation, about a
mile below Waterloo, after having been
in the water over four months. Mr.. If
vine, of Bayou Sara, who was mentioned
on the printed reward notices as being
tho proper party to apply to in case OF
recovery of the body, was promptly mott
fled the same evening, ard he Immediate
ly telegraphed to the relatives of the do
f. L. NJ.
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27

Farm work in East Baton Rouge
is progressing very satisfactorily.
Planters are nearly through plant
ing and are preparing to work out
their corn. The weather has been
unusually favorable and with a
continuance thereof we have every
reason to believe good crops will
be made anu che prosperity OF
our parish measura5;y restored.
The sad failure OF last year cast a
gloom over our section but our ex.
cel..--s prospect for the future has
given new hopes, and the courage
and energy with which our people
havegoneto work is certainly worth
Y OF commentator and success. All
things considered we feel that our
section has much to be thankful for.
Although times have been and are
vet hard there is less suffering
here among the poor classes than
in other sections of the country
The outlook is very hopeful ar d
we see much to render one cheer
ul.-.Adpocate.
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27

Bs The Columbus, Ga, Enquirer
prints this diamond story: "Prof. j. +
Bassett, of French Broad, N. c., who is
now in Wetumpka, Ala, has diamond
not only ofenormous size, but OF remark
able purity. 1t was found by his wife,
Mrs. A. H. Basset5, on tho banks of tho
Coosa river, just below the falls within
the corporate limits of Wetumpka. AS
soon as the professor exhibited the stone
he was offered $4,000 for it. He ha the
stone examined by W. J. Preston,
matchmaker and jeweler, who pro-
nounced it intrinsicallv worth $4,000.
He will send it to Tiffany g. Co., of
New York, to have it dressed"
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27

a&~ Mr.. Thomas Barrett, mate
of whaling brig recently lost in
Hndson's Bay, has, it is reported,
discovered proof of the existence
of the records of the ill-fa'ed Arctic
expedition, which was commanded
by Sir John Franklin. The ma
tiycs have specified exactly where
the books, etc., are to be found, 30
that Mr.. Barrett is about to organ
ize an expedition to sail from New
York IN the spring TO obtain
them. Some years ago Parliament
it is stated, offered a reward OF
$1oO, 900 for the recovery OF
these relics, and ON the prcscat
maintenance of this offer, the sail
ing of the new expedition will &C
contingent. ..'' sFi1 H
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.

The question as to making an
appropriation for lcveeing the Mis-
sissippi river may be regarded as
disposed of by the present session
of congress. A bill has been re-
ported recommending a survey OF
the river, which is q great gain to-
ward retaining the overaowed
lands. In speaking Of the propos-
ed survey, the St. Louis Republi-
can says 'The river from St.
Louis to the gulf is regarded as a
continuous stream, re4uireing treat
ment as a whole, not a stream cut
into sections which may be treated
separately, and without any special
reference to each other. Tho com>
mission is to make careful survey
of the whole river between the
points named, prep re plan with
accompanying estimates, which is
to be submitted to congress and
when approved by that body will
he taken as a guide in all work
done hereafter. This will insure
harmony of action which is indies
pensa BILE to the paramount improve
ment of the grea national highway.
1t will bring order out of con!u-
sion. and give a regular system
where hitherto there has been only
disconnected and spasmodic effort.
1t will prevent the throwing away
Of money in useless experiments,
and put every dollar where it will
do the most good. When the sur-
vey is extended to the upper Miss
issippi, as we presume it eventually
will be, ,hen the gigantic task of
which it is the preliminary step may
be considered fairly under way
with every prospect of successful
completion. The composition of
the commission is not Objectionable
Three army engineers and two civ-
ilians-the latter selected for their
familiarity with the river-will
make a fi:st-class board, providing,
of course, the very best material is
chosen. Political influence and
the location of the candidates
have nothing to do with the choice.
Pre-eminent fitness must be the onl y
and all-suf1icient recommendation.
If it is not. the commission is an
assured failure in advance. Two
years, the time which it is
thought the survey viii! occupy,
is none too long Tor the work to be
done. Indeed, if that work is done
in the proper manner and fully
within the period speci-
fed. the commissioners will have
no idle moments. 1t is a!togeth>
er the largest river survey ever at
tempted, and It's Importance equals
its size. While unnecessary de-
lays ought to be avoided, nothing
should be sacrificed for the sake of
haste. Mississippi improvement
can afford to wait, but it cannot
afford to risk the consequence OF a
blunder. Better 60 slowly and
surely than rapidly and doubtfuIly.
About one thing, however, there
need be, no delay at all. The
house should pass the bill as soon
as possible, and the senate act with
equal promptpess. The amenda
ments, if there are to be any.
should be brought forward and
adopted at once. The commission
ought to commence operations be-
fore the sumner is over, and will
if Congress does its duty ."-Mema-
phis .Appeol.
Farm work in East Baton Rouge
is progressing very satisfactorily.
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27

Call at Mumford's or. Brooks Drug
Store and get trial package of Dr.. a.
@. Simmons Vegetable Liver Medicine.
1t costs you nothing and may save your
life.
Feliciana sentinel. [volume] (St. Francisville, La.) 1877-1892, 1878-04-27
SQUA RE DEAL SALOON
AND BILLIARD ROOM.
Ii. Il. WHITE, Proprietor.
BAYOU SARA, La

BAYOU SARA, La.
Ice Cold Aurora Beer always on hand.
The Bar is constantly supplied with
choicest brands of wines, Liquors and
Cigars.
A sumptuous Free Lunch spread every
Sunday morning. Attached to the es-
tablIshment is a Splendid Billiard Table.
all appointments as customary in q first
class Saloon.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1878-11-06
Jerome Park Races.

NEW York, November 5,-There was a
large attendance to-day 1T jerome Park.
First race-threc-q r1er-milc dash, four
starters-Simeon won by length; Pique
second, Dan Il. third, SusQuehannah last.
Time, lis.
The second race-one-and-three-q quarter
mile handicap-had three starters. Lou!a-
ncer, the favorite, won by bali length be-
fore Blyard; Franklin away off third.
Time, 3:14.
Third -a-Guarter miles, five
starters-BDnnie Wood was the favorite
over the field Bertha ran away with her
rider ut the start. and was never heaaec'
winning By three lengths before WaXheid,
who was ten lengths before Susquchannah !;
Hattie F. fourth, and Bonnie Wood last.
Time, 2:0l4.
Fourth race-one mile, eight starters-sl-
neon won easily by three lengths before
Albert, second, and Higgins third. Time,
1:4Sl
Fifth race-purse, s300-free handicap
for two-year-olds, three quarters OF mile
Startle, the fayorite, won easily by nvc
lengths. lime. 1:2l.
Sixth racc-.or all ages, hall mile-won
by Dan Il. by length; La Belle Helene
second, Bonnie Wood third, and Warnrld
fourth. Time, 30 seconds. In the poor
Bonnie Wood sold even against the lleld.
Seventh race handicap steeple chase
Dcadhead won by len lengths before Dis
turbance, second: Lizzie d. thlrd. lime
i.3n
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1878-11-06
THE CONGRESSIONAL CONTEST IN
THIS CgTY.
Generai Jonnston's Majority s,o1s.
A QUIET ELECTION AND AN EASY VICTORY

r The election passed off in this city very
quietly. About the only indication that it
was in progress was the closed doors of the
bar-rooIns. No placarded hacks were on
the streets except those hired by the Green
hackers. About the votlng-places the crowds
were small.
The Conservatives were so well satisfied
that General Johnston was safe they made
no specially vigorous efforts to arouse the
people, Had the workshops, stores, and
streets, been canyassed by committees, as
has been sometimes done, thousand quail
fed white voters could thus have been sent
to the polls.
The Grcenbackers, on the other hand.
worked hard. Nearly all known friends OF
Colonel Newman were induced TO go to the
polls. The figures below represent his
full strength very nearly. They carried on
their game OF brag as long as they could.
L; Richmond they told the people OF their
great success in Manchester. In Manches-
ter and at the country precincts near the CITY
they spoke OF an immense vote they were
pojlinr in Richmond. Towards evening,
however, the signs Of crushing defeat
crowded upon them so heavily they had not
the courage to continue their boasts. They
looked "blue" enough.
Colonel Newman and his friends had little
to encourage them rs the returns came IN
last night. They had counted much upon
the country vote. and were disappointed.
1t was bad enough for the gallant Colonel 10
be unappreciated here in the city; but that
was not altogether unexpected. But TO
have his "fellow-farmers repudiate bis
claims was rather too bad. Take the Re-
nublican vote from Newman's aggregate IN
the counties and it will be seen that not
large number Of country cousins yielded 10
his persuasive flat,cry.
The people OF Richmond can congratulate
themselves that very considerable share OF
the bonors OF this glorious victory are
theirs. The vote was rs follows: