The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-04-10

quencc enhances the cost to tho consumer OF any
aomestic-m made like article.
SerenA--Ihus = loss II revenue follows, which
causes the necessity OF imposing additional taxation
IN other ways, so as 10 make up the dehct an the
E,ghA-rho large complicated and cumbersome
machinery required IN lis administration Is made ,ne
prciext for employment OF a great numb SUP
with little work but great opportunities for profit
Niua-Tne expense OF collection IS equal 70 about
nvc per cent upon tho sum collected, which, u added
10 The loss by collection and false valuations upon
which duty IS assessed. would DO equivalent 10 tho
ordinary expenses OF tho whole Treasury Department
u administered upon an economical blsis.
rhE FARMER AND THE TARIFF
inc farmer, whose whole mind rs bent on his agri-
cu.urai pursuits has neither the time nor opportu
nty 10 investigate the influence Of the turih tax
his household expenses; IL 10 fact however. mat
every article he uses is either directly subject to
,snn tax or enhanced by the tarin. Let Us cnumer-
ate these ourdens: The farmcrs house in the West.
where lumber Is scarce. pays either n direct or
enhanced tax OF 20 per cent on the lumber his
house Is built oil; tax Of IS per cert on
hts window glass; Of IS per cen, on the
nails; OF SO per cent tho screws OF 80 per cent
tho door locks OF from IS TO 40 per cent on The
niages oil 80 per cent on tho wall paper; from go
10 10 per cent ON his carpet; Of 40 per cent his
crockcry; Of as per cent on mis- hollow ware; Of
ware; OF IRON 35 per cent 10 10 per cent on tho linen
he uscs ~ tho household; VI 81 per on tho
When he goes into his slab o, barn or Workshop no
VIII lnd that he pays IS per tho no uses;
Do PCT cent On the natter chains, 10 cent
nles aad rasps ho may use; Al per cont no back
saw; 40 per cent on the saw; IS pcr
cent on the handsaw, and Of IS per cont any
sneeiron no may require On his medicines pays
~ per cent; on Tho qunnc pills he swallows,
20 per cont; on blue pills. 40 per cent ana 40
por cont on any medicinal preparations. Tho
female portion OF his house 10 into hys~
terra without paying tax Of 20 per cent
asaindna that may rcquireo quiet their excited
nerves. On his sugar shc pays u tax Of at least
go per cent AS Tor tho clothing he and his family
uses, lot mo enumerate The tax separately :-On his
b 4O mar mt on fur
nat, from 45 TO 90 per cent; on his SOFT OF wuollcn
Clothes some 30 pcr cent the leather Tor hig boots
on has wie's and daughters common alpaca
pays IS 10 20 per cen. spool thread 70 per cent
anu Oh tho needles, 30 per cent IL wore inclined to
pursue these topics further IL would t,ke up
time; suffice u say that the ish his chd's
cradle and iEc coin In which he IS finally buried pay
direct tax or are enhanced IN price by our tarn sys
TEN.
THE PRESENT nILL-
The bill reported has but list, called und that
II the du.labe one. II has no compound rates, the
duties being either ad valorem specific and the lat
ter far praotica0c. II comprises 247 classes oil
ARTICLES and SIS arlicles against the largo number
comprised IN the present law. II has iroe list
such all articles not enumerated and specifically
named 10 be admitted irec In lieu OF the duties
now levied upon tho cost and charges added
TO the original cost value OF tho articles Impor ed
a. place OF production or export which has been tho
source OF so much litigation between the
ana the importers, the bill fixes allowance OF i've per
IN under tho ad valorsm sprncipie IL ievies dis
eliminating duty VI ten per cent additional upon all
merchandise imported fromand the growth AID pro-
duction OF any country when dscrimInates against
the United States IN the admission OF our products TO
their portS.
The bill Ia this and in its general scope and tenor
looks 10 an enlargement oil foreign commerce,
only In It's navsgauon but also in facilities for the
profitable sale .. American grown products of
every character Another and Important provsi 10
that which proposes 70 establish misunderstanding
bonded warehouses;. and the benefit Of drawback upon
~ exported goods contrasting any i0regu material
subject TO duty. II Is designed encourage the
postAren OF American manufactured products OF every
oaAractsr, ~ al0rding them tho raw material tree
Of duty. that they can compcte with any OTHER
IKE manufacturers IN the markets oil tho world. We
equal chance with all others In ORDER 10 prove to
foreign nations that VIC arc equal II superior
them IN our manufactures. The bill will materially
reduce tho cost OF collecting the customs revenue
Mr.. Wood then referred 10 the apprchensions which
had been entertained that the reduced proposed
Will cause loss OF revenue. ana submitted table
showing tho estimated mptiOn foreign goods
tho average ratio calculated in nd vslorcm aud the
esiimated revenue IRON which II appeared that no
seiimaaed revenue and saving by the ban reported by
the Committee OF Ways aud Means amounted TO
$i4o,eao, lss, which, compared with tho revenue
from customs Tor tho fiscal ending June 80 1871
showed gam OF revenue Of %, 663, Gas
Mr. WOOD then proceeded 10 argue that admitting
can boar Il without detriment thas the present rev.
auuc laws were passed during the war and Tor tho
purpose OF bearing the large expenditures inc,den.
thereto, and that tho limo mad when these cx-
WnordiEary burdens should DO removed
svA OBJECTIONS ANSWERED
The principoi opposition TO . change IN she tariff
soaknatss lvoas The sioaas Of extreme protection
the manufacturing intercsss.
Whatever may have been tho excuse originally for
the governmental bounty TO tho then infant
turafs II does not now exist and should not be
tnued, because the necessity for no longer Eemans
They have reached SO high degree Of excellence and
grown SO strong that they not only need ioar
foreign competition here, bus are able 10 MAINTAIN
rivalry there. THIS 10 she Tact, especially with re-
gard the Loading and tho protected Interests
silk productions OF the United States are now forcing
themselves into foreign markets by no other AID
their own superiority and conceded merit.
&Asa4E IRON AND srEKI.
Much alarm has boon excited some parts OF the
Union BY an undue apprehension that great injury to
the iron and seel Manufacturers wouIa follow an
change In the tariff Tho iron aud stco interests have
been especially referred 10 those which would DO
ruined by any interference whatever. think upon
careful examination of the bill, so far Affects this
Industry, these approximations Will The aver.
age reduction In rates IN the metal schedule is only
iour per cent, which woald TO be little TO
any alarm tho ground OF loss OF protection.
The partial change rom specific TO ad vsorcm duties
cannot properly be complained OIL In some cascs tho
change became necessary Tor the better securing
tho duties which have been frequently cvaacd, ana
others for the purpose Of smpcaton IN the interest
Of revenue a. we'll AZ Of the home nufactursr aud
In other tor the purpose Of modifying vexa-
tious class incat,ons existing Tho total loss
revenue under thsbcheduic, II computed on tho
sumption OF 1871 amounts TO $4i7,7l6.
Tho total exports OF iron and the man ufcs OF
iron for the nsca year 1877 was $40 thus show
ing that the apprehension arising from the competi-
ton Of foreign mechanics with American workmea
mas now little force hero Is but Eight difference
nj this time between the cost OF skilled labor In tho
United states and In England
wOoLLEss
Much that has been SAID reference to the steel
and iron manufactures applres To worsteds and WOOL
lens Great progress has been made In these articles
III the falling OF In the amount OF duties received
from them without aty change tho tari Is indi.
cation Of decrease III tue consumption by Of foreign
productions, the following table Is worry sgninc,nt:
Sfdfement Showing the Amount Of Duties Receircd from
Manufacturer Of Moot and lpoofiens Duri,g the
Three Fiscal Years from 1874 10 1870 Ineiusire
1914 1915. 1870