davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23

THE course of the Arizona Miner during and since the election canvass has been credilable Although it did not support the candidate of our choice ils general course was worthy of praise It played the part of respectable op- ponent and such feature in Prescott naturally attracts attention. While lhe Miner is welded to local interests, it now sees that great wrongs were committed in behalf of a Congre>sion- al candidate of its own town, and says so without ifs or ands. II evidently represents the best Prescott ant Yava- pal people.
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23

] l.. M E Y E R , Corner Meyer and Messila Sts Dealer in I General Merchandise. Mill and Mining Supplies
 B9-a Speeialty.-Ee Steel and Powder, Single, Double and Triple
 Tape Fuse. Picks, ShOvels and Axes, Shelf and Heavy Hardware, AL KINDS OF ROPE. CANTLEs, COAL OIL, ETC, ETC. Groceries and Provisions, Sugars, Teas and Cofiees, IL ard and B aeon Canned Fruits, Green and
 Dried Fruits. Canned Vegetables, Meats and
 Oysters, Etc, Etc, Etc.
 A Large Assortment Of CrOckeY Glassware lamps House Furnishing Goods. Paints, White and Red Lead. ---~,4 q >--0 -AAI I O1 ~lIg Drugs and Patent Medicines, And a Very Full Stock Of Every Variety Of Goods Required In Mining
 Country. Clothing and Gents Furnish
 ing Goods, Hats, Boots, Shoes, and Rub !.
 Der Goods. ! 4 Full Stock of Dry Goods and
 Notions. In fact on and after the 10th of, November my Stock will
 be complete. am now prepared to furnish goods to the
 Arizona trade at
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23
Sonora AfairS.
TucsoN. November 21. 1878.

TUcsoN, November q, 1878.
 EDITOR ARIZONA CITIZEN.
 DEAR SIR: The undersigned re- specuully request tLat you have the kindness to publish iu your next issue the following, in reply to the letter of Mr Manuel NJ. Cnrella:
 AlthdNsh unaccustomed to occupy the public attention with political nrohlems narflv nn acronnt ..f ..,ar daily commercial pu,suils, and partly because we do not consider ourselves capable to discuss such delicate ques- tions; still we do so to-lay in order n"t to allow the unjust accusations |" pass by without correction, which the young Delegate Manuel NJ Curella thr ws out against the residents of our nation in this city, and all Mexican citizens generally, in a letter directed to an American gentleman of this place, which letter was published in the last issue of THE ARIZONA CITIzEE.
 We shall from the first waive all questions as to the lawful or unlaw- ful division of the legislature, which subject is now before the Senate, and shall only occupy ourselves with the facts as stated by Mir Corella.
 As the author of said letter writes to a foreign country, his intention un- doubtedly was 10 astonish the minds of it's citizens by making statements which are notoriously false. He says that MT. Ortiz divided the State into two parties; one in favor of Mariscal and the other for SerOa, whereby the people of Sonora demonstrated theil lack of good sense This is not so the people of Sonora formed into two political parties long before the uou bles in the Legislature originated; they did SO when NIT. Mariscal decided lC become a candidate for the constitu tiunal governorship of Sonora. Thi fact IS well substaniiated by the hot, contested election campaign which wa going on among the inhabitants a that time, and during which contes the expressions of the public pres of boIh parties clearly indicated tha great excitement existed in the min0 of both political parties. It is thu seen that it was not Delegate Ortiz wh created such divisien, but thai sail division naturally resulted, as it doe in every independent population wh think for themselves, and justly SC possessed of the diYine right 10 thin and aci in accordance with their ow feelings in the matter of elecling thei ruling powers. To accuse, then, lh whole people Of Sonora, of lack ( good judgment, is an unjustlfablt untrue and highly offensive accusatiuI
 The author of the mentioned lette then proceeds saying that the Menca nation has the grave fault of adherin always to persons or leaders Of parties without caring for the political prime pies which these parties advocate an that the misforlunes of our country II sulI iherefrom. If MT Curella shou. speak thus in China of the Mexica nation. or if he were one of the bitlel est enemies of our people, so wrong statement would not surprise us; bu writing ii in his own country, wher he has been hona-ed by his election the Congress of Sonors, such a stai' ment is unpardonable, tor besides b' ing an outrage to the Mexican Repul lie, 1t lacks all truth and justification and only proves that the author Of is totally ignorant as 10 the history c
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23
Assessment N Ice.

SACRAMENTO SILVEIHINING co. D-LOcaJion Of principallace of busl- ness, Sacramento, CalltPH; location of works, Pima County, Anna.
 NotIce-There are dellubut upon the following described stOckn account OI assessment tNo. l) levied ole Ourth day O. October. 1878, the severh hmOunts sei opposite the names of respective shareholders, as follows:
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23

And in accordance with laG an or der Of the Board of Directors e on the ith day Of October, 1878, sod shares Of each parcel of sucn stOclmay be necessary wllI be sold al pnauciiop at the OI1ce or the com pauy,ls ana [, Capital Savings Bank Buf. Sacra- mentOs CalilorniH, on Sstiuf the 7th day oi Decem Der, lo'o, al Jhir Of two o'clock D. m- Of salI day tosaid de- llnquent assessment lnereiOgether wlth costs oi advertising anenses Of the sale.
 GEOhGE ". r. hhretary. Oulce-hoOins and ., Cabavings Bank Building, Sacrameuio,
 Nov : 9-2w
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23
For Sale or to Rent.

.UlHE UNDERSIGNED OFFERS HIS
 | well known blacksmith shop for sale. He will sell the shop tools and stock en- tire, or # desired he will rent the shop provided the party renting will purchase the tools and stock. Terms VIII be stafed ",i application. THOMAS BELKNAP.
 Nov g. 6-tf
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23
Pima County Elecfon--0fciaf Returns.

The following result of the election held Nov ber 1878 County Arizona Delegate Congress Legislative County Officers
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23
Dissolution Noti

TNHE PARTNERSHIP HBFORE | eAlStlnE between JOsephllls and Henry Smith Is this day dissby mu- tual consent. The busIneSsbe com tinued under the name and Eement Of MT. Mills.
 J0SEr1lLLS,
 HEN NkfH.
Arizona citizen., 1878-11-23
For Rent.

EROM THE FIRST OF JANUARY 1879. II the pre mise now occupied by the United States Custom House, on Main street, with one or two rooms in the rear, newly built for residence or business pur- poses. Apply to TheO. Welisch.
 Nov. 8. 6-St
The Jewish advance., 1878-10-25
For the JEWISH ADVANCE.
ALBERT COHN.
(COntinu
XII

The first Jewish colony which has set
tied in Northern Africa, was brought
from Judea by Ptolemeus Ist from his
expedition against Jerusalem in the year
800 B. C.* The Jews lived mostly i'll the
provinces Of Leontopolis, Cyrenaia and
Lydia. Since that time there has been
a constant increase Of Jewish emigration
from Asia into Africa. They sought
safety in that continent from the perse-
cution of the Syrians, Romans, and of
the Arabians, after the triumph of Ma
homed At a subsequent period the
Jews of Spain also sought refuge in
the African provinces from the persecu-
tions of the Visigoths, and latterly of
the Inquisition, 1t was especially the
great persecution of the Jews in Spain,
in the year 1891 and their being ban
ished from that country in the year 1892,
which have brought large numbers Of
Spanish exiles into Africa who settled
in the districts which are known at the
present time as Morocco, Algeria Tunis
and the principalities of Tripoli
In the earlier times the Jews were
very prosperous in Africa. Their infu-
ence must have been very great in the
first centuries of the present era, since
Tertulien, ST. Cyprien, St. Augustin, and
other fathers Of the Church found it ne
cessary to write special epistles against
that influence There were fourishing
Jewish schools in Cairnan, Fez, and
other cities Great Jewish Rabbins, like
Huziel, Hanannel, Nissim and others;
Jewish physicians, as Isaac ben -Solei-
man and Dunash- -ben-Tamim were ma
tives of Africa The names of Maimon-
les and Alphasi are associated with that
country. Rabbi Isaac-ben -Sheshet
(w"-,-) and Rabbi Simeon-ben- -Zemah
Duran, whose decisions in rabbinical law
are considered Of the highest authority,
even at the present time, were natives
of Algeria,
Since the rise of the Mahomedan re-
ligion, however, the African Jews were
According to some historians, there were
Jews in Africa at the time of Alexander the
Great, and even at an earlier period.
The Jewish advance., 1878-10-25

mach and Bacri: During the war the
Jews had rendered great services to
both the Algerian and the French ar
mics. The Jew, Durand, has played an
important part in the negotiation be-
tween Abd-el- Kader and the French
which eliminated in the convention OF
Tafta, in the year 1887. lIe has often
come to the French headquarters. during
the war to deliver to the troops provis-
ions which Abd-el-K l-Kader had sold them;
and even at the conclusion of peace, he
has delivered to them 1000 oxen. An
other Jew, Busnach by name, was en-
ployed in the negotiation with Bey All
met, of Constantine, and he has been
awarded the title of Knight of the Legion
Dhoneur for his valuable services. A
Jew Of Tunis, Bajo by name, has also
taken part in that negotiation. Other
Jews have also rendered valuable servi-
ces, sometimes as guides for French gen
erals, and oftener still by bunting the
atrocities of the war, and aleviating the
suferings of the soldiers. In 1S43, Oran
which had been left almost without any
garrison. was attacked BY, the Arabs
The Jews then courageously took part
in the defence, and two of them, J. M
Cohen Scali and Guernon, have distin-
guished themselves in their sallies
against the assailants. In 1915, M. Ma
hon, of Oran, served on the staff of Gen
eral de La Rue, as interpreter. Another
interpreter Isaac Levy, died on the bat
tie field, in the engagement of Djemea
Razouat. All the officers of Colonel de
Montagnac fell in that engagement
Isaac Levy placed himself at the head
Of thirty men that were left. Surren-
der Jew F." called ADD -el-Kader's Arabs
to him. Il am a Frenchman," replied
Levy. We die rather than surrender
Another Jew, Leon Ayas, was honorably
mentioned for his bravery in the report
of the engagement Of October 18th OF
the same year QS55), by the comman-
der-in-chief de Mostaganem. So also
are the names Of the Narbonis, the Ma
hons, the Mascluf- Calfrons, and host
of other Jews, known for the great SER
vices they have rendered to the French
troops.
The opposition journals Of France
have not rendered the credit due to the
Jews. On the contrary, they have re-
preached the Government for having
employed them in it's service. Marshal
Clausel, who has conducted the unfor-
tunate expedition against Constantine
in 1886, Has espoused these sentiments.
and has treated the Jews very rudely,
so that Duran and three others were
compelled to bring complaints against
him at the Chamber of Deputies. The
impartial Judgment, however, has taken
into consideration the delicate position
in which the Jews found themselves du-
ring the war, and how useful they have
been to the French expedition. The
sympathy of the Jews was naturally on
the side of those who brought them lib
The Jewish advance., 1878-10-25

erty The Arab knew this perfectly
well, and made the Jews expiate every
defeat they have suffered Hundreds of
Jewish families became the victims of
resentment at the hands of the con
quered Arab. At the approach Of the
French troops to any place, the Jews
had to fee in order not to be massacred
by the population. When in 1887, the
French troops attacked Constantine, the
Arabs left the city, and the Jews were
compelled to remain, under the penalty
of death About 1000 of them were en-
listed in the Arabian army. Ben Aissa
the lieutenant Of Bey Ahmet, made
them work at repairing the breaches of
the fortress under the fire of the French
cannons. In the same year, ADD
der having recaptured Moscara, all the
Jewish inhabitants of that place were
compelled to escape to Oran and to Tie
man, and they became so impoverished
that Baron James de Rothschild, of Pa
ris, was obliged to send 10,O00fr. for their
assistance. In 1871, the French, having
taken Tlemen and Moscara, Add -el-Ka-
der cQmpel!ed a LARGE \ .number Of Jewish.
residents Of those cities to follow him
into the interior of the country. Many
others were simply massacred by the
Arabs, and their property was pillaged ?
Pursued by the French troops, the Emir
was compelled to set his Jewish captives
free. Those, unfortunate, were met by
a company composed Of French and sub
jected Arabian soldiers, who took them
for enemies, and butchered large num-
bers of them. In April, 1912, about
1000 of these poor captives arrived at
Oran, dying with hunger and fatigue.
The Jews had to pay, with their blood,
for their symrathies with the French,
and yet they have shown at every occa-
sion their gratitude to the nation which
has delivered them from oppression. In
the first periods of that cruel war they
filed petition to serve as Algerian mi
litia.' In 1887, they petitioned that the
Due of Nemours be appointed vice-roi
of Algeria. They learned the French
language rapidly, and were anxious to
send their children to the schools estab-
lished by the French Government. An
Algerian Rabbi, Abraham Delays, hon
ored the royal family Of France by the
dedication of his poems and other works.
At the time of the French conquest,
the number of Israelites in Algeria was
not large. According to the estimation of
Baron Baude, after the census of 1888
and 49, there were, in Algeria, 6,O63
souls in Oran, 5,637 id Bone, 421. in
Bouziah, 10; in Mostaganem, 699, and
in Constantine, 3,03S- total, 1856.
Mr.. Joseph Cohen estimated their
number, in the year l845, to 1882 souls.
But this estimat was undoubtedly
very incomplete. 1t certainly did not
comprise the singular Jewish tribes
which lived on terms Of equality with
the Arabs in the provinces of Constan-
tine the Kabiles ON the Mazania, the
The Jewish advance., 1878-10-25

severely oppressed by the Arabs and the
Turks. They had to pay territorial and
head taxes certain articles Of appare
they were not permitted to wear; they
were prohibited to ride on horseback. tC
pass by mosque with their shoes on
The princes have constantly pressed
them for money From the year 1909 tc
l543. they have suffered continually by
the Spanish expeditions against Oran
Bougiah, Tunis and Tripoli. In the yeal
1869 they were expunged from Oran by
the Spaniards, and could not return
thither until the latter had yielded that
place, in the year 1892. The Jews OF
Morocco suffered similar trials. Not
withstanding all this, they have rendered
great services to the State The African
kings were often compelled to send Jews
as ambassadors, or to entrust them with
negotiations in foreign countries.
The Jews Of Algeria have at last been
reduced to fearful state at the begin
ming of the present century Notwith-
standing the financial resources which
they had at their command, and which
.Ssaltassslsssess
advantage, regardless of their great ser
vices to the State as merchants and as
artisans; they had to suffer almost
daily the most cruel outrages, Thus
writes witness of their sufferings:
1.-The disdain Of the masses weighs
heavily upon them. They are forbidden
to wear red on their garments. Instead
of a turban they must wear a black
shawl Coming by mosque they must
carry their shoes in their hands, and bow
down or simply creep on the ground un-
til they pass the place. At the foun-
tains, when coming to draw water, the
rear place is assigned them. They are
prohibited to ride horses, or even to en-
ter the city mounted on an ass. A san
culinary jurisdiction threatens them at
any moment with the worst outrages.
Should the Deg desire to take possession
of the property of a Jew, he has only to
pick up the least quarrel with him this
consigns the Jew to execution, and his
property is confscated for the Deg. A
delinquency for which slave is pun
ished with the bastinado, the Jew is
burned for it at the stake, or hanged
From such horrible situation did the
French conquest of Algeria extricate
the Jews.
The Jews of Algeria have been mixed
up in various manners with the expedi-
tions Of France in that country. The
origin of the conflict which broke out in
the open warfare of France against the
Dey Of Algiers Gin 1890, was an old
debt which had been due to France fol
provisions by two Algerian Jews-Bus-
*They have exercised all sorts of trades
Ihere were among them masOns, carpenters
tinsmiths. embrOiderers, gilders, jewellers, ar
mOrerS. Baron Baude writes (Vol I. ECtTaitS
le PAlgerie) of them: " Their children frequent
our schools, speak our language and adapt OulI
manners. They are devoted business clerks
public nOtarieS, aud clerks of the adminiStrl-
ton. They are already initiated in our legis.
lation, and poor people choose them as theil
attorneys"
The Jewish advance., 1878-10-25
Summer Dreaming.

Winding through the shady grove,
I'm Joy it's ripples dancing;
Where 'twixt the naples darklin leaves
The suns bright rays are dancing.
Tuned with the hum of summer bees,
Low music makes thy gushing
AS O. er their pebbly rOcl<-strewn way
Thy waters swift are rushing.
Where goest thou, brOoklet? tell me where :.
Tell me where is thy ending;
- | never stop, but onward G er
To the sea my way am vending
Still lingering, murmurlng in name ear,
Its sivery voice was seeming:
While in the bright warm summers sun
on the bank lay dreaming.
A. DANARELD, IN WGrei1y Mag.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1878-03-06
Past, Present and Future.

If our own citizens would stop
and reflect for short time, it
would seem almost impossible that
Alpena has undergone such q great
change during the past seven or
eight years-changcd from a small
wooden town 20 q lively little city
with numerous brick structures
that would be an honor to any city
in the country. In the year 1871
the first brick building was erected
in this city-that of A. L. Rich,
ardson, on State street, and follow
ing this, in the same year, was
built the handsome brick block OF
Bolton 81 McRae, on Dock street.
These constituted the brick struc-
lures in Alpena in the year 1871
but on the 18th of July, 1872, the
great fire that destroyed the great
err portion of the business center OF
the city, made it necessary to in
sure safety from future fires, to
erect buildings for business pur-
poses that would be something of a
protection against the fiery fiend /;
and from that time to the present,
the city has increased in its beauty
and firmness by the addition of
suitable brick blocks that have
found occupants at good rental.
Yes, the city of Alpena has i'm
proved in suitable manner, not
only in the business portion, but
also in the shape of residences
built by men who have erected
beautiful houses with the intention
of making Alpena their home for
all time to come. In every part of
the city great improvements have
been made, and where was, a few
years ago, q dense wilderness and
unsightly seen, is now fourishing
city, with sixteen of the best saw
mills in the State. In the form of
brick buildings we now have thir-
ty-three brick stores, five brick
dwellings, with one or two more
prospective, two brick banks, and
one brick hotel. There is also
considerable talk of more brick
blocks being added to the business
portion of the city during the COM
ing season. The city has grown
from q population of 5000 in 1870,
to about 5000 at the present time,
with fair prospects of a reasonable
advance in the number of inhabi-
tants at no distant time.
In addition to the growth OF the
city, the county has become quite
a farming community. In the year
1870 not foot of farming land in
the county was under a state OF
cultivation but now, in the town
ships of Alpena, Long Rapids, Os-
sineke and Wilson, large and well
cultivated farms are found In the
most flourishing condition, yielding
an immense amount of produce
every year, which brings smiles to
the faces of the farmers and con-
tentment to their minds. The life
Of the farmer is the most independ-
ent of any pursuit that can be fol-
lowed, and the wonder to us is that
more of our people do not engage
in that vocation. Alpena county
probably presents the best pros
poets for farmers Of any portion OF
the State, and in nearly all parts
there are immense tracts OF excel
lent lands for farming, which are
yet vacant, and can be taken up
under the homestead act, by any
one who feels disposed to engage
In y pursuit that would prove q
source Of profit and bring . good
income and independent living VI
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1878-03-06
Detroit Markets.

The Detroit Free Press in its
weekly review of the Detroit mark
cts, under date Of Feb. 9th, says !:
The jobbing trade the past week
has been destitute of any new
features, and the complaint of
quietness, bordering on dullness,
has been universal in all branches.
Certain lines of spring goods are
being exhibited by the dry goods
houses, but orders for either this
class or reassorted stocks are light.
There is fair seasonable trade do
ing in drugs. Quinine is a trifle
lower, and opium and morphine are
weak. Millinery, notions, clothing,
hats, caps and furs are dull. Trade
in hardware is quiet. Nails are
firm, but tin plate, lead and lead
pipe are quoted lower. Dealers in
groceries have enjoyed fair trade,
Sugars are strong, with standard
AS held at 9 5-Sc per Id; off AS
0 l-sa9 3-Sc per ID; graduated
10a10 1-Sc; powdered, 10 3-SalO'
lie; crushed, 10 lie; yellows
7 l-2aS LIE per Id. Teas, coffee
spices and rice are firm and in fail
request. Canned goods, salt fish
raisins, prunes, and dried fruits sci
slowly. Oranges and lemons are
more firmly held, the former a
s7a7.50 per case or S3a3.25 pei
box, and the latter at S3.75a4.2'
per box.
The receipts and shipments o
-four and grain for the week unde
review were as follows:
Receipts-Flour, 7,1l7 bbls
wheat, l0S,733 bu; corn, 2,2S4 blu
oats, 1881 bu; barley, $40 cen
: tails rye, 400 bu.
, Shipments Flour, 4,l23 bbls
wheat, 70,245 bu; corn, 400 bu
oats, 2,097 bu; barley, $50 Gel
, tails; rye, 5D7 bu.
The following table shows tn
: opening and closing prices of exit
: and No. l white, cash, an
4 No. l white March and Apr
e wheats at the noon session Of II
1 Board of Trade each day of Il
e past week:
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1878-03-06
Among the Breakers.

A gathering of the Alpena peo-
ple, at Alpine Hall, to witness an
home entertainment, on a winters
evening, is about as pleasant an as
semblage as can be found anywhere.
The people are, as general rule,
acquainted with each other, and
thus it becomes a meeting of friends
bent upon q mental relaxation
There is the usual good-natured
hustle attendant upon such occa-
sious, friendly greetings are ex-
changed, and almost every person
appears wreathed in good bumor
and bright spirits, evidently de-
termined on having a pleasant, so.
cial evenings amusement. Such
was the case when the Alpena Am
ateur Dramatic Association pre-
scented the melo-drama, "Among
the Breakers" last week. The at
tendance was good, and the man.
per In which the amateurs acquitted
themselves, was very creditsbls and
deserving OF praise. As some Of
the actors had left favorable i'm
uresdops on the minds Of the PEG
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1878-03-06
Patents.

Patents granted to residents OF
the State of Michigan, in the last
issue, bearing the date of Jan. 90,
1877. Reported by Paine and
Grafton, Patent Attorneys, Wash
ington, d. C:
William w. Hart, Detroit, fold
ing table.
John J. Nolan, East Saginaw,
lamp bracket.
Henry M. Williams, Coldwater
spindle and Hier for spinning ma
chinery.
James X. Lockwood, Alpena, re-
issue circular saw.