, 1878-02-22
General Won Todleben.

General Won T,dleh,n. the adviser of
the cummandsr-in chief ul the allied
forces before P.eyua. and virtually the
director ut the operations sgAInsi O-man
Pssha. vas born al Mittau, Mas 20, ISIS
IN lN32, he entered the engineer school
10 ~. Petersburg. leaving IL 10 is3s with
the commission of sab-liyuicnaut. Dur
ing the early par; 0f hi. service be vas
attached o. the army At the Caucasus,
aud distinguished himself AZ the siege ut
several fortified places Daring the en-
mean war be- In the first instance CON
ductet the siege operations agsiu~t Sili--
tria, and AfterSards brrame celebrated
for his obstinate and skilIful defence ot
ScbastopOl. As reNArd tor his services
On that occasion, be Was appointed gen
eral.adjutant 10 the Emperor Alexander
/ II. and received the Order of 81. George
aud a grant Of money. In 1858 he was
further given the Grand Cruss of the
Order Of 81. Andrew. In 1860, he Was
promoted to the rank Of lieutenant gen
eral, and appointed director of the engi.
neer department of the ministry Of war,
which pos, he held until, in September
| last, he was called 10 the scat Of war Ia
conduct the siege operations against
Plevna. General Scobeleif, who was pro
NOTED to be lieutenant-L cneral on the
llth of September, 1877, is the youngest
officer of that rank in the Russian, or
probably in any army, having been born
in 1S45 He received his first spmmis.
sion in 1SG3,Hnd distinguished himself so
frequently and SO greatly in the cam
paigns of Central Asia that by 1875 he
mad attained to the rank of major-gen-
eral. Among other achievements, he
rescued the Khan of Khokand, who was
attached to the Russian cause and whose
subjects had broken out into open revolt,
captured Ferghana, and drove out the
pretender to the throne. Until March,
1877, when he joined the army under the
command of the Grand Duke Nicholas,
General SCobeetf was governor OF Fer
ghana, but failed to display any great
administrative ability. On the evening
before the passage of the Danube at Sim
nitza, having been requested by the
grand duke to call for volunteers from
the division of Cussacks under his COM
mand to swim the river and reconnoitre
the opposite bank, General Scobeleff him
self plunged into the water, at the head
of small party of ten men, and success.
fully accomplished the required work
General Guurko is much older man
than General Scobeleff, having been born
in 1928. In 1S4G he was appointed ii
cornet in the hussar regiment of the
guard. Passing through the staff school,
he was in 1859 promoted to the rank OF
captain, and served in that grade through
out the Crimean war in the Dlebtsch
regiment. In 1867, he was appointed
commander of the Emperor's squadron,
and also to post in the Emperor's suite.
In 1861, he became colonel and COM
mauded regiment of hussars during the
Polish campaign of 1868. Promoted to
the rank of major-general in 1857, he
commanded the regiment of mounted
grenadiers Of the Guard from that date
until 1878, when he succeeded to the
command Of the first brigade of the sec.
ond division of cavalry OF the Guard. IL
1876, he became lieutenant general
and October last was placed in command
of force of $4,000 infantry, 5000 cav
airy, and twenty-iour guns, all belonging
to the Imperial Guard.