The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-10-12
THE SURE WAY or RESTORING PROS
PERITY.
a DiaerentiaI Duty for Our shipping, and nm
Export Duty Our Cotton.
New YORK. Oct. II. 1873.

letter. that would pursue tho same subject in
this. taking wider range. embrar points Of
far greater scope and strength OSng con-
ciusivcly that our destiny invo,vos the en-
during command of the commercial and Imam
cul world. To render my purpose clear 1t
will bn requisite to refer briefly to tho great
channels Of trade through which all Of the chief
commercial powers of tho world have gathered
their riches
Tho measures described in the preceding let
tors were in fact devised with view to con-
trolling these vast commercial tides which are
rolling now in the same direction. from the
same fountains that fed them five thousand
years ago. | consider these proposed measures
the best simplest and easiest OF application to
our circumstances as well as most salutary in
their future consequences. because they are
free from all ENHANCEMENT. or complication.
and do not require ono cent from the taxpayer.
The export duty on raw cotton. in connection
with our geographical location. uldmatcs in
a broader and deeper development. and |
shall take occasion hereafter to consider 1t
In all it, bearings. For tho present We will
refer to 1t with Drcyity. in considering tho
inevitable consequences Of our shipping re-
stored by the dilIsrential tariff, and Of tho mar
kets of the world secured Ivy our export tax.
History aues,s the fact that no modern people
u
10y commerce. country without foreign trade.
producing more than 1t can consume. wastes
its labor. ceases to improve. and stagnates. A
country with a foreign market. selling there its
surplus. bringing back cash or valuable COM
modities establishes commerce and lays the
foundation Of wealth. Tho fact IL also conceded
that. without surplus u wealth. liberal enter
prise lacks the only means which will warrant
the risk OF vast experiments having In view the
goodiof mankind. History likewise establishes
the fact that the great bulk Of commercial
wealth in European States has been derived
from countries having the largest populations
India. China. and Japan
Among modern States. Venice was the first TO
open trade with the Malabar coast Of India. in
the twelfth century. She pursued the trade by
route. part Of tho way by land and part by
water which made transportation expensive.
she was Il manufacturing town. With the profits
81 this trade she became tho first and only
marked commercial city in Europe. In the day
Of her gory.she was crowned Queen OF the
Alriatic. She enjoyed this ttrade alone for
three hundred years. until the Portuguese. in
1893 found the route to India around the Cape
Of Good Hope a cheaper route than Venice had.
being all the way by water. Venice was rapidly
superseded 10y her rival and Portugal became
the most prominent commercial power In Eu-
rope. Other States now began to direct their
attention to this trade. few years after the
VOYAGE around the southern extremity OF Africa,
Columbus discovered America. In due time
tho Spaniarli doubled Cape Horn. and Spain
became the most influential State on the Con-
tlnent. The Dutch soon deprived the Portu-
guesc Of their colonies and trade In India. and
Holland became u rich and powerful CONNER
ral state. Finally England let 10 her anchors
IN those Eastern seas. To avoid the fate that
had boialen others in being deprived Of this
trude. shc inaugura,ed new policy. She took
possession OF the country. She made British
soil whore she had British tta!e and to-day
she controls the destiny Of 2IO,OOO0D1 Of the
people " thai region.
Wcwiilnow Introduce tho Eaglishman to his
ordained and inevitable SUCCESSOR. He is free.
Brave. anl strong. He is tho bold. enlightened
lib.raian euterprlslng citizen OF our great
republic.
This Eastern trade has driitcd about among
European States for more than six hundred
years. enrching each in turn; and ii has finally
settled in the grasp OF the strongest maritime
power among them. They were all about
equally distant from the markets OF one thou
sand millions Of people. and there was no
other way 10 force the direction Of the trade.
except by superior strength on the ocean. Eng
and has this strength: as u consequence she
commands th.s trade.
Let Congress pass our dinerentiN tariff.
thereby restoring our shipping. Let the cotton
states combine and adopt our export duty.
thereby giving us cash advantage In the price
~ Manufactures. Let Congress give their con-
.cnt % the exercise OF this reserved right Of the
States. aud in i've years America will challenge
England for this trade not rs an equal in the
struggle, but with prcponderatng AMI inynci-
be advantages IN our favor.
England. from her ports o. Liverpool and
London. has 10 perform u journey 81 nearly the
whole circumference 81 the earth before she
can enter the ports OF China and Japan. She
must cross the tropics twice in the route In a
sailing vessel the voyage is one hundred and
iortyAyo days. In steamer. at greater ex-
pense. the time required Will average largely
over one hundred days. America has an adj
vantage In her geographical location II she
wills 10 profit by II. that will settle the
question concerning this trade for all time
From our Pacific coast VIZ can supply the
markets Of China and Japan in thirty days.
| our saving in wages. insurance. labor. freights
distance. and time. must by all the laws which
govern comm rec compel this trade to be done
in American bottoms.
The beneficial Consequences OF America
taking possession Of this trade will be imme.
liatciy lcli 10y all these Eastern nations
| Isolated nations stagnate and decay Com
merce forces progress. and is the great civiiZer
| Even the Christian religion obtains no perma-
mont hold. excepting when It travels in III,
wake Of commerce. Civilization takes LASTING
root whore nations meet and mingle. bccomin.
'ommerrial In thought as wellHs in production
| Commerce OF thought begcts mutual develop
| mont 1t Is the parent stem upon which al
| other commerce buds and iructiilrs
This ID. to-day. our relation with China an
| Japan. We are receiving their people, ",
| ara educating their children This social in
| lercourse is an auxiliary to tho measure,
! heretofore described in preparing the way
and opening the gates for us to tax,
possession OF the trade that has enriche.
80 many II the States OF Europe. Euro
lean methods can never secure the friend
-hip or confidence Of the people OF the East
Europe socks them to rule and t. plumber; w
90 educate and asslmilate. They will com
prohcud and appreciate our freedom an,
justice. Wlth their confidence secured and th
introduction OF railroads and tecsrHphs. W.
| viii soon pierce the very centre OF tlos q Vu-