davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11

. VIII you please tell me the cause and cure,
II possible. of blight or smut in oats? The
heads Of my crop were fully one-half blasted
with black smut
Sharon Centre, @.
The smut in oats is the spore form
alton of a fungus, probably the Ustilago
carlo, parasite whose mycelium or
Negative portion penetrates the tissues
OF the plant, usually, according to VALID
hem, proceeding from the root to the
place of spore formation, in your case
the head or blossom part This mycel-
lum makes its appearance in the young
plant, grows with it, and spreads with
and in it, in order to arrive at the place
where the smut appears. In Ustilago
Carlo, the spore formation takes place
exclusively in the blossoms, where in
its development the involucrc is de-
stroyed and the black, powdery
sporemass is spread over the naked
blossoms organs These conditions are
already found in panicles which are still
completely enclosed by the sheath of
the leaf
We may then summarize that the
sporc formation takes place only in the
blossom parts of the plant; it begins in
ID the youngest condition of the sup
porting plant; all the sprouts of the at
tackled plant generally contain the par
asite, aud all the ovarcs of a spike it's
spores.
The spores OF this plant, the Ustilago
Covbo, terminate in from four and a
half TO five hours at temperature Of
6Sdeg. +.
If, however, we SOW the spores Of the
parasite in contact with the oat seed,
we cannot be sure of producing the fun
gus in the crop, which goes to show
that the nature of the conditions under
which it's spread is determined is not as
yet fully understood.
The remedy which would be suggest
ed by these facts would be to pickle
the seed, before sowing, in brine or 9th
er solution which should destroy the Vi
tality Of the spores. Another remedy
is to be found in the fact that some va
rieties of oats are less favorable to the
propagation of the fungus than others.
We are told that in the South q variety
Of rust oroof oats is grown, which I'M
der no circumstances has as yet devel-
opcd ust.-Scicntifc Fu,mer.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11

It is quite curious to observe the
different ways the doctrine of root
pruning is treated by the agricultural
press. We do not observe that the
idea is rejected as false by any paper,
while most hesitate to commend it, APP
parently waiting for it to be put to the
test of further trial The Practical
Farmer adopts it in sort of matter-of-
course way, as though it was one of the
old agricultural dogmas, and not an I'M
familiar topic, except within year or
two. The Lancaster Farmer, on the
other hand-which never hesitates to
give credits, and gets a stronger hold on
it's readers by so doing, adopts the
idea, and is explaining cases where the
practice may be expected to increase
the yield and to diminish the yield.
For our part we have no doubt the the
DRY is rapidly taking a place of perma-
hence in farming literature 1t inter
ests us to see who's ahead and who S
behind in this matter.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
LEGAL.
SHERIFF'S SALE.

DY virtue of an Execution issued out of and
ID under the seal of the District Court of
Buchanan County, Iowa, in favor of John H.
Campbell, and against the1gOods and chattels,
have levied upon the following described prop
erty, to wit:
The north half of the northwest quarter of
Section thirty-one (3D and southeast quarter
of the southwest quarter of Section thirty CSO)
Township ninety 900, Range ten Q0), in Blu
chanan County, Iowa.
Which property, as above described, will
offer for sale at Public Auction, at the Court
House, in the City of independence, on Satur.
day, the 9th day Of November, A. d. 1878, at
two o'clock P. M. of said day, to the highest
bidder. to satisfy said execution and costs.
1878.
LAKE & HARMON Attys for PIT.
LIVE w. SWAN ORSDOL, Sheriff.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
Thick or Thin Seeding.

We are no :" thin seeders, or apostles
of thin seeding, or riders of any partic
ular hobby; but we observe that the
thin seeders have had their way to some
extent, and have modified practice
throughout the country to an apprecia-
bic extent Perhaps every one does
not know that there are ten thousand
wheat grains in one pound, more or less
according to the size; of the individual
corns According to this estimate, six
teen pounds of wheat, or one peck, if
uniformly distributed, would serve to
place the seed of wheat exactly nine
pecEs would enable us to SOW the grains
four and a half by nine apart, which s
about the distance we would recon-
mend for dibbling. Since almost every
grain sown is capable of terminating
two pecks ought to seed an acre, and
some persons have held that they will
do so. The risk is, however, very great,
and it is wiser, on the whole, to copy
Nature to some extent; for she, if care
full in many directions, is lavish in 9TH
ers, and in nothing more so than in seed.
The checks to population are manifest
in both the animal and vegetable world;
and to argue from possible rate of re-
production is always fallacious. We
say, therefore, do not be led away by
the special pleading of extreme advo-
Gates, but let practice be guided by a
rational consideration of all the circum-
stances. These will point in the direc-
ton indicated, unless in peculiar cases,
when a smaller quantity of seed may be
safely adopted.-Agriculturai Gazette.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
VECETIN E..
Nothing EQUAL to It.

SOUTH SALEM, MASS Nov. IA, 1876.
Mr.. II. r. STEvENs-Dcdr Sir:-I have been
troubled with Scrofula, Canker and Liver COM
plant for three years. Nothing ever did me
any good until commenced using the VEGE-
TINE am now getting along trSt-rate, and
nothing equal to it for such complaints. Can
heartily recommend it to everybody. Yours
truly, Mrs. LIZZIE NJ PACKARD,
No. 10 Lagrange Street, South Salem, Mass.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11

BEEF TEA.-Professor Pepper, in a
lecture on typhoid fever, in the Phila-
delphio Medical Times, observes: GIN
deed, as has been very thoroughly PROV
en- by DR.. Horace Hare in experiments
made at the University laboratory, beef
boiled in the good old fashioned way in
a bottle with water gives us resulting
solution which contains only about one
fourth OF one per cent. of nourishing
material. The beef tea thus manufac-
tured is chiefly solution of the salts
OF meat, and is, therefore, not nutritive,
and only valuable as a stimulant to d.
gestlOn. But there is another way of
making beef tea which gives better re-
suits. Take quantity Of tender meat,
and, after cutting off the fat, chop it up
fine, put it in bowl, pour pint of wa
ter over it, and let it stand over night.
1t may possibly be well to keep the wa
ter just on simmer; do not raise the
temperature above 140 deg, however,
or you will coagulatc all the albumen,
and so either leave it on the sieve in
stralning or introduce it into the stom-
ach in the form of curds. After this
simmering solution has been allowed to
stand over night, pour it into a pipkin
and heat. it again gently, with enough
salt to give it flavor, and, if necessary,
add drop or two Of muriatic acid.
Then pour 1T out over hair sieve into
jar. The resulting solution will con
tain all the nutriment possible, and is
the most valuable kind of stimulant and
laxative"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
ECETINE
Rev. o. T. Walker, saws:

PROVIDENCE X. L., 164 TRANSIT STREET.
II. II. STEVENS, ESQ., feel bound to eX-
press with my signature the high value place
upon your Vegetine. My family have used it
for the last two years. In nervous debility it
is invaluable, and l recommend it to all who
may need an invigorating, renovating tonic
o. II. WALKER,
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
CASH FOR WOOD.

FtNIiE undersigned will pay cash for Hard or
Soft Wood on delivery on track. or at the
Brick Yard west of the Insane Hospital before
the LIST day of October
l am also ready to contract for Green Wood,
to be delivered next winter
Apply to NJ: ) BAhEh.
Al the Brick Yard or at Kenyon Tabor's
Hardware Store. Independence. 5ltf
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
DIR. T. w. Woods
Worm Destroyer

1t removes all kinds of worms. 1t is one of
the best of tOnics. 1t acts surely and mildly
on the liver. 1t is pleasant to take. No after
physic is required. All persons, both young
and old, who are of delicate constitution,should
use it. In dyspepsia It has no equal. Try it
aud be convinced sS~ Sold by Tabor Tabor
and C, r. Wallace. 4-6
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
99s'''n't'''' 4'ss

The reading columns on this page will be de-
voted, mainly, to topics pertaining to FARM and
HOUSEHOLD. The farmer readers of the Bull
LETIN are requested to write for it.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11

HuLLED CoRN-Take couple of
quarts of shelled Northern corn, place
in an iron kettle and cover with cold wa
ter. Tie in cloth about two teacupfuls
of good wood ashes, put in the bag with
the corn and boil until it tastes strongly
of the alkali Take out the bag and
boil the corn slowly in the I've for an
hour or so; then pour off the I've and
add cold water and simmer Then re-
move the hulls of the corn by stirring;
or, il not effectual. turn off the water
and rub the corn in clean, coarse towel
until all are removed Then add more
water and simmer for several hours, fire.
quently stirring to prevent burning.
When the corn is swelled out large, and
is thoroughly softened, add salt to the
liking, and let the water cook nearly
away. Eat warm or cold, with cream or
milk. This, rightly prepared, furnishes
a soft and delicate dish, which will be
relished.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
FOR SALE.

YNHE MERCHANTS HOTEL, Independence,
| Iowa. l will sell the above Hotel at bar
gain, on long time, or will exchange il for good
farm land or other property.
tiff p. A. OLDER.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11

In Baden agricultural journal, Pro-
fessor Nessler, Of Carlsruhc, recon-
mends simple method of roughly de-
termining the age of eggs. An old egg
is well known to be lighter in weight
than fresh laid one, and as it's size re-
mains exactly the same, the difference
must be due to diminished specific gray
ity BY dissolving sixty grammes of
common salt in five hundred grammes
of water, we get fluid of specific gray
ity 1913, in which all new-laid eggs will
sink to the bottom, and all downright
stale ones float on the surface. The
older the eggs are the less salt is re-
quired to render the solution capable of
sustaining them; and when very old in
deed they will float on simple water
alone The date at which they do this
varies considerably, the Professor hav-
ing observed it on the SEVENTEEN, sixty
third, cighty-third, eightieth and one
hundred and twelfth days respectively.
OF course this test of age cannot be APP
piled in the case of eggs that have been
kept in salt or in lime water, or that
have been coated with varnish, oil, or
liquid glass. THE Farmer.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
WORMS 7

Worms cause seven-tenths of ell the diseases
that the human family are subject TO. Many
are sent to a premature grave whose ailments
have been computed 10 disease. Prevent these
melancholy results by the timely use of
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11

One evidence of agricultural progress
is the numerous and we'll attended
farmers meetings now held every sum-
mer in nearly all parts of the country.
A decade or two ago farmers meeting,
purely so, was thing almest unknown.
-. One significant feature of these
large outdoor meetings is, the speakers
are generally farmers, men who thor
ooughly understand by experience what
farming is, its discouragements, him
ORANGES, profits and losses, and who have
some idea of what is required in the
work Of elevating it to the position it
should hold among the vocations of men.
This is healthy indication, and shows
marked progress over years past, when
this work was invariably delegated to
professional public speakers, very often
to political hacks and demagogues, who
eagerly sought every such occasion to
further their own selfish interests. All
honor to the men and means that have
aided in bringing about this encouraging
result,-that have been remotely or d.
rectly instrumental in ushering in the
era of thought and investigation. -Prac-
teal Farmer.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
vECET|NE
She Rests Well.

SOUTH POLAND, Me, Oct. Il, 1876.
II. II. STEVENS Dear Sir:-I have been sick
two years with the liver complaint and during
that time have taken q great many different
medicines but none of them did me any good.
l was restless nights, and had no appetite.
Since taking the Vegetine l rest well and relish
my food. Can recommend the Vegetine for
what it has done for me. Yours respectfully,
MRS. ALBERT KICKER.
Witness of the above,
GEO. NJ. VAUGHAN, Medford, Mass.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
Smut in Oats,

Will you please tell me the cause and cure
II possible, of blight or smut in oats? The
heads o. my crop were fully one-half blasted
with Il black smut.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1878-10-11
FOREIGN.
vECETINE

Rev. j. p. Ludlow writes:
17S BALTIC STREET, BROOKLYN, NY.
Nov. IA, 1874.
MIR. Fl. r. STEvENS-Dedy Sir From person
al benefit received by its use as well as from
personal knowledge of those whose cures
thereby have seemed almost miraculous, I can
most heartily and sincerely recommend the
Vegetine for the complaints which it is claimed
to cure JAS. p. LUDLOW,
Late Pastor Calvary Baptist Church.
Sacramento, Cal
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18
making such a bold dash TO control the wheat
trade had endeavored to borrow from Chicago

making such bold dash to control the wheat
trade had endeavored to borrow from Chicago
banks 81 100000 with which to complete their
operations. This scheme, however, appar-
emily fell through, and things became SO pre-
ternaturally quiet that "the boys' were thrown
completely off the track, and came to the con
clusion that the New York men who had the
thing in hand had despaired of success, and
concluded to 'lay down. and meet their loss
es with as good grace as possible.
The English Parliament convened Dec.
9Th. The queens speech, read in the house
OF lords, was unusually short Her majesty
regrets being compelled to summon parlia-
menf earlier than usual, but the action of the
ameer of Afghanistan compelled the sending
OF an expedition into his territory, and the
earliest opportunity has been taken to call the
parliament together and make to it the com
munication required by law. Papers on the
subject will be laid before parliament. As
surances from all foreign powers are friendly
and there is every reason to believe the ar
engagements for the pacifcation of Europe
made by the treaty OF Berlin will be satisfac-
torily carried out. Estimates, for the ensuing
year will in due time be submitted to the
house of commons. After full deliberation
upon the matters which have led to the early
meeting of parliament, and after suitable re-
cess, parliament should proceed to the con
sideration Of measures for the public benefit,
which will then be laid before it.
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18
Views Of Prominent Bankers OF New
York on Resumption.
New York Special to Chicago Tribune,

prominent banker in Wall street, in con-
yersatlon this morning, gave his views in re-
gard to the ruInor that a movement was on foot
among the banks to hoard gold and thus hinder
resumption. The banker said he did not think
any such movement was in progress. The rise
IN the gold premium was simply owing to
Safeguarding operation, intended to de
press stocks. 1t would only take
small amount of money TO lock up a million
Of gold. IT. by doing this stocks could be de-
pressed about five points, large profit would
accrue to brokers. The action of the clearing
house, the banker thought, would soon be re-
versed. Many banks in the late meeting are
already regretting their course. The Clearing
House association has no ill-feeling toward the
people, and, If they found the best interests of
the country demanded it, they would reverse
their action. The banker thought resumption
would be accomplished in January without
any difficulty. Although, perhaps, detrimental
to himself personally, he was free TO admit that
resumption was best for the country. He had
heard, from what he thought a trust
worthy and official source. that upon the reas-
sembling Of Congress- a bill would be intro
duced making legal-tenders at once redeem
able in gold Or silver. This, if passed. would
bring about resumption Immediately.
Another equally well-known fnancier thinks
the action OF the Clearing House association
more deliberate than many suppose. They
were nothing but set Of spectators, having
in view only their own interests. They pre-
tended they want to sustain the government.
Ii this was their intention, they should have
acted in the opposite manner. They should
rather have turned a cold shoulder upon
gold coin. The United States has de-
clared that the silver dollar Of 1925
grains shall be the equal of the gold
dollar. If not yet, it would be the duty of
banks as true representatives of the people
and the trade of the country to do all in their
power 70 make silver worth as much as the
gold dollar. BY enhancing the premium on
gold the people are made to suffer, encourage
ment is given to Safeguarding, and the re-
vival Of business prosperity is seriously inter
ferred with. Instead Of aiding the government,
the banks are weakening it. If they want to
be patriotic they will recede from their false,
damaging position and make clean breast of
it by declaring themselves ready to assist the
government.
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18
ANOTHER MILL EXPLOSION.
The Anchor Mill of Pillsbury & Co.,
at Minneapolis Destroyed,

/ On the evening Of the 9th inst, anoth-
er disaster occurred at Minneapolis which
resulted in the destruction Of the Anchor
mill, 9. H. Pillsbury s. Co., proprietors
About 8 o'clock Nels Munson, one of the
millers, discovered that one of the eleva-
tors which conducts the flour from the
lower basement to the middlings
purifiers in the upper story
OF tie mill was clogged. He
took lantern and proceeded to the base
ment for the purpose of removing the
obstruction. Arrived in the basement, he
took the precaution to place his lantern
some fifteen feet removed from the eie-
yator, where the difficulty was, but placed
it directly in front of the door opening
into the elevator. Removing the
obstruction he started the ele-
vator once more, when great
puff of flour dust came out of the open
elevator door, reaching to the lantern,
when "Whif" and there was at once an
explosion similar to the great one last
spring, only smaller and unaccompanied
with its disastrous effect. Munson was
badly burned about the head, hands and
face, but notdangerously. Heimmediate-
" stopped the mill and he, together with
Iheo. Bsrthofand W. W. Smith, immedi-
ately turned on the water and tried to nut
the flames out with the hose. It was no
use however. The flames ran up all the
elevators and then the entire interior of
the mill was soon on fire. The alarm was
Immediately sounded and the entire fire
department Of the city were on the
ground with all speed, but with all their
efforts it was impossible to stay the
flames.
The fire was confined to the mill which
was completely destroyed on the inside.
The mill was worth $4,000 and the
wheat and flour on hand $4,000 more.
There was an insurance Of 900 on the
nalll and stock, Mr.. Pillsbury says the
mill will De Immediately rebuilt.
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18
10 E1nmett's Donkey.
New York Star. I

'tNow vas happiness cried 10 Emmett in
front of an uptown theater the other day
when a curious looking little gray donkey
appeared around the corner. His donkey
ship was arrayed in a red blanket with vel
low trimmings, upon which was embroided
in large letters, EsThe New Fritz,'' and was
drawing after him milk can perched on
wheels.
ssHahlo, Fritzie,'' sang out Emmett, and
"he-haw, he-e-haw'' responded the donkey,
with great cordially.
"Dodt's don-gry, aindt il? queried the
comedian in his inimitable patois. s'Vell,
dodt fellsr is der most experienced actor of
his nationality Vot you hef efer seen. He's
a full FLOODED Irishman yust like mep' and
he scratched the donkey's ears.
The donkey seemed to appreciate the ca
ress, hee-hawed again, and tried to bite JOS
hand. De fust dime ever bring dat DON
key on der stage he was frightened like
eferyding, und laid down und just cried.
Couldn't do someding at all nit der rascal.
| sendt dot Teller by der depot in an express
wagons. Dem pig loafers Of smash-bag-
gagers was standing aroundt und making
fun by dot poor leedle donkey, which was
carrying on just like gracious. Veil, after
awhile he concluded dot it wasn't some use
off he act dot way, undt now he's got to like
der business. Efery night ven says to
him, Dere read your book undt improve
your naindt, he takes der cue undt says hee-
haw; hee-haw.
10 did the donkey language very well.
Then he related another experience with the
afeller:" ssVon fine morning in baltimore
Cidy,' said 10, che kicked ub his heeels and
away vent dodt milk gan undt ub der streedt
he vent hgke ter tuyTel vas after him. So
help me g-r-racious, der bolice arrested der
donkey, undt had to go to der station
houses undt pail him oudt, 2 and Joe smiled
and muttered something which sounded
like "Haye pier?''
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18

Pacific Railroad company, under penalty Of
heavy fines, from charging an additional sum
for transportation Of freight or passengers
over the bridge at Omaha in excess Of the
amount now allowed by law for all similar
transportation over any other portion Of the
road.
The Senate committee on finance have
agreed to report favorably on the nomination
OF H3illhouse to be assistant treasurer at New
York city. Gen. Lyon, Of the purchasing com
mlttee OF the Indian commissioners, and Bar
clay White, representing the society of
Friends at the Winnebago agency have taken
stand against the transfer Of the Indian bureau
to the war department.
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18

The London Lancet says that ague is
now such a rare disease in England that
researches into its pathology and etiology
have been little prosecuted of late. The
majority of medical writer's hold that the
sole cause Of fever and ague is the pre-
valence of marshes, but there is strong
evidence to prove that water has much to
do with it. The Lancet points to the
prevalence Of the malady at Cyprus as Of
fering an excellant opportunity for a
careful inquiry at the instance Of the
Government. The sick list there has not
decreased.
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18

Prisoner, do you wish to say anything
in your defense2'' sNothing, your Hon
or, except this-lemme off light; this is
the eighth time I've been up before you.
We're old c0pardeners, as it were.
New Ulm weekly review. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1878-1892, 1878-12-18
Statistics of Bible societies indicate no

Statistics of Bible societies indicate no
,diminution in the vigor with which the
scriptures are circulated. The New York
society last year distributed S9,S54 copies,
of which 4.23s were given to hotels and
public institutions, 40,69S to seafaring
AMEN, and 32,433 to immigrants who
arrived at Castle Garden, New York
From Philadelphia, since January, over
10000 Bibles have been sent to Australia
and the Antipodes At the Paris Ex-
hibition the number given away largely
exceeds million.