davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
LONDON ITEMS.
tianity.

We said in an item last week that
there would be Quarterly meeting at
the Methodist church last Sunday
We were mistaken-It will be next
Sunday.
- June is here, and the roses about
gone. What is June without the
roses?
- Much sickness among the chick
ems. Every body has 'sure remedy, "
but all fail to cure.
-Instinet-the faculty or capacity
of the spirit to take cOgnizance of
facts from the fountain of truth, with
out the eircuitOus road of reasoning
is the only way of gaining positive
knowledge. This is what was said
in Know ledge and Belief, +" last week
in the ADVERTISER. Now read iRtIt-
itiOH instead of iastjHct-that is what
we said. But we never seold the Ed
itOr, printer nor anybody but our
selves, for such mistakes-we know
what is theImatter.
Not much news, this week.
With this wise saying from the sacred
record we will close "Our remarks, ="
Speak evil of no man"
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
BUSINESS BREVITIES.

- Stevenson & Cross for low prices.
Sugar cured hams at Huddart's.
- All the choice brands of flour at
Huddart's.
Fish hooks and lines, by Steven
son & Cross.
Health and pleasure at Nickell's
soda fountain.
Money to loan on farms. Apply
to 7. L. Schick.
-Scythes and grass hooks, by Ste
venson & Cross.
Whitefish and Mackerel, by the
kit, at Huddart's.
= Bird Cages. big stock, cheap,
Stevenson & Cross.
Oranges and Lemons, at Hud-
darts, fresh and nice.
Genuine silver plated ware cheap,
by Stevenson & Cross.
= DR.. G. II. Collins, Dentist, will
visit Peru every Friday. 5ltf
Nemaha County Fair 18th, 10Th,
and 10Th OF September.
- Choice line of Pocket and Table
Cutlery, at H. C. Let's.
Nice stock of clocks. watches and
jewelry, at Joseph Schultz.
Furniture repaired and pictures
framed, by Stevenson & Cross.
Don't fail to stop in and price the
drugs and groceries of II. c. Lett.
Cottage colors most beautiful
shades, ready mixed, at Nickell's.
Lamberquins and lace curtains,
fine and cheap, by Stevenson & Cross.
Extra copies of THE ADVERTISER
can hereafter be had of a. w. Nickel.
= Extra copies of THE ADVERTISER
for sale by a. w. Nickel, druggist
bookseller and stationer.
ID. Bogge. of Hickory Grove,
wants twenty-five head of colts to
herd during the summer. 51w3
- Wall paper. shades. travelling
baskets, bird cages, croquet sets at re-
dueed prices, at MoCreery's drug and
book store. Aims
Big reduction in prices OF teas.
a new stock at new prices. Call and
get a sample at NickelPs; it will cost
you nothing.
- Sulky Hay Rakes cheap, by Ste
& Cross.
- Joseph l.. Roy, undertaken, is
prepared TO embalm bodies so that
they will retain their color, making
Ii entirely unnecessary for the use of
ice. He also has robes in stock.
- Large stock whips cheap, by Ste
& Cross.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

We often hear the complaint: /:
The bugs are destroying all my
vines" a correspondent of the Chi
cagO Tribune gives the following rem.
edy:
For five years, have not lost a Gu
eumber, or melon vine, or a cabbage
plant. Get barrel, with a few gal
ions of gas tar in it; pour water on
the tar; always have it ready when
needed, and when the bugs appear.
give them liberal drink of the tar
water from garden-sprinkler or 9TH
erWIss, and If the rain washes il off
and they return, repeat the dose. 1t
Will also destroy the Colorado potato
beetle, and frightens The old potato
bug worse than a threshing with q
brush. Five years ago this summer
both kinds appeared on NV late pota-
toes, and | watered them with the
tar water. The next day all CoIora-
does that had not been well protected
from the sprinkling, were deSd. and
the others, though their name was
legion. were all gone, and have new
er seen one of them on the farm since.
! am aware that many will look upon
this with indifference because il Is so
cheap and simple remedy.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

SHERIDANN ER

SHERIDAN NEB., June 3, 1878.
AE-. Editor: The Lutheran Evan
gelieal Missionary Convention, held
on Wednesday and Thursday, May
2sth and S0th, was very well attended
by all our intelligent German friends.
Rev. Dierks delivered on Wednes-
day the first sermon in German, and
was followed by Rev. Borchard, Mis-
sionary from Japan.
In the afternoon q convention was
held and Rev. Fwicker, from Phelps,
No., read his very elaborate essay on
baptism, which proved his deep theO-
logical studies. Very interesting dis
cussions followed in regard 10 the
promotion among the English and
German inhabitants OF this State.
Thursday the 3Oth at 10 O'Clock 4.
NJ, the assembled congregation was
so numerous that we had to retreat to
the grove near the stone church.
Rev. Fwicker preached the first ser
mon-I John 5, l6-in a very elo-
quent manner.
Rev Borehard followed, describing
his missionary work in Japan, resort
ing, for better explanations TO an i'm
promptu drawn map on the black
board. Mr.. BOrchard is an able ora
tor and every one was favOrably i'm
pressed by his discourse, which not
only pleased the ears but also elevated
the minds and hearts of the hearers.
Mr.. Borchard then addressed the as
sembly in few well chosen words in
English and made a good impression
upon the few American listeners pres
ent
Rev. Pechan had TO preach funer-
al sermon at Nebraska City could not,
therefore, be present.
Rev. Julius Wolf, from Hooper
county, Neb., delivered the closing
sermon about the inner mission-x
Jacobs. Is, 16-the mission of the
heart.
For a long period Rev. Wolff has
labOred on the frontier Of Minnesota,
and he gave US a true picture of the
standing of the Lutheran Church, as
it was, now is, and as it ought to be
Every one who attended these very
interesting meeting was highly pleas
ed, and all hope to hear the gentle
men again. God may bless them in
their endeavors to promote true Chris
tianiry. y. y.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

The Brownville School Board
met Monday evening and transacted
the folluwing business: The resigna-
tious Of J. 5. Church and d. o. Cross
as mem bsrs of the board were receiv-
ed and accepted, and the board pro-
ceeded tO-fill the Vacancies by the
election OF T. w. Upton and T. l..
Sohick. T. L. Schick was elected di-
rector of the district, to fill the vacan-
cy occasioned by the resignation of J.
s. Church. Tire following salaries
were fixed for the ensuing school
year: Principal $1,000; Assistant
Principal, $50 per month; Grammar
school. so per month Second Inter
mediate, $50 per month; First Inter
mediate, SO per month Second Pri-
mary. S35 per month ; First Primary,
So. Prof: J. NJ. Mckenzie was elect
ed principal. and Misses Jessie E.
Balm, Lou. Tucker. Alice Hit. Kate
Cox, Carrie Dye and Mrs. johnson.
IS teachers.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
New Hamburg EdSing this
week at LOIVman's.
A Closed Letter (!

Editor Nebraska Advertiser:
Dear Sir-SOmebOdy has been writ
ing open letters about Browns cele-
brated medicines; this is DTiUdte let
ter, and l write to tell you confiden-
TALLY that Browns Liver Pills
have entirely cured my sick headache,
billiousness and constipation
We would as soon think of going
without bread in our family "a 10 be
without Browns Liver Pills and
Black berry and Ginger. One of my
neighbors was cured of Chronic
rheumatism and bad skin disease
arising from impure blood by using
SarSapariIla, DandeIiOn, and
IOdide OfPOtasSiuua. compounded
by the Brown Medicine Co.
For sale by n. w. Nickel, II. G..
Lett and ". II. MeCreery, Brown
VILE, Neb. 46tf.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

Nebraska City NetCS They tell
a good story on one of the young gen
tlemen who attended the Marsh
House opening, at Brownville, as fol-
lows: He was an entire stranger TO
the girls present, and the boys were
mean aud would not introduce him.
He finally plucked up courage, and
stepping up to young lady, request
ed the pleasure of her company for
the next dance. She looked at him
in surprise, and informed him that
she had not the pleasure of his ac-
quaintsnce. WELL" remarked the
Nebraska City blood, - you don't
take any more chances than l do"
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
Marsh No. 4.

We clip the following notice of this
excellent machine from the Mercers-
burg Penn Journal:
This Reaper and Mower, Manufac-
tuTed by James :. Marsh, at Lewis
burg, Pa, is put up wholly of wrought
and cast iron. Is simple in construc-
tiCn, easily managed, and is adapted
to all conditions of grain and ground.
In fact il is first-class Machine in
every respect; is guaranteed to every
customer to do its work thoroughly
and well.
JnO. l.. Carson, this city, Is owner
ofMarsh No. for Missouri, Nebraska,
Kansas and Iowa.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
LOCAL PERSONALS.

A W. Nickel and family are ex.
peeted home from Lawrence to-day.
Mr.. F. Studheit, of Benton pre-.
einct, made Us pleasant call Tuesday
Ted Huddart and ]. c. MeNaugh-
ton went down to Falls City yesterday
afternoon.
Grandma McComas will please
accept our thanks for very beautiful
boquet of roses.
August Quante, of Glen Rock,
paid THE ADVERTISER his usual year
/ ly visit last week.
Mrs. Maria Ball, of Red Cloud,
this State. is visiting with her sister,
Mrs. T. c. Hacker.
Elder r. A Hawley will preach in
the Christian Church next Sunday,
morning and evening.
p. H. Starr, of Howard was in
the city last week. and paid his re-
spects to The ADVERTISER.
H. C. Lett returned home from
Lincoln Tuesday evening, and left
yesterday morning for Chicago.
- Miss Mollie Furnas, principals
assistant in the Falls City schools, is
spending vacation at her home in this
city.
- Mr.. and Mrs. c. NJ. Hayden, of
London precinct, were in town We'd
nesdsy. They start this morning on
a visit to Hanover, Kansas.
Our old friend John w. Bennett
returned from Savannah, Mo-. Satur-
day last. The lumber for a new fence
around his farm was shipped before
he left.
- Mr.. A. Anson, of Glen Rock,
was in town Monday, and called on
THE ADVERTISER. He reports wheat
In his neighborhood somewhat in
jured by rust and chinch bug.
BY postal card we learn that w.
H. Denning, recently a resident of
this city, is located at Pleasanton,
Linn County, Kansas to which place
be has ordered THE ADVERTISER sent
him.
Geo. w. Hill, q printer we'll
known in Brownville to all old set
tiers, called on THE ADVERTISER last
week. He is spending a few days
with his father-Lieut. Hill-whO
lives over the river.
= Mr.. Theodore Hill, over twenty
years a popular business man of this
city, left for the Black Hills on Tues
day evening of last week. The good
wishes of his host of friends here fol-
low him, May he strike 1t rich.
Judge c. w. Wheeler returned
Saturday last from Hamilton, Mo,
where he had been to attend the let
ting of bridge contracts in that coun-
ty. The Judge informs US that he Sc
cured the co tract for two bridges,
one 80 and the other I25 feet in length.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
Ladies' and Misses fine
Shoes this week, at LOyynan's.
AN OPEN LETTER.

To the Farmers of Nebraska and the West:
Just now more than half the farm
ers are looking about to see where
they can get the best combined reap
er and mower at the lowest price, on
easy terms and low rates of interest.
A little caution will prevent a mis-
take. The Marsh No. 4 is a double
rigged combined machine. Self-rake,
furnished with an extra drag bar and
mower bar, which gives the purchas-
er. in fact. two machines-s complete
mower and a complete reaper. The
change is made by removing one pin
and one key.
II is light draft-having very high
driving wheels.
1t has no gearing in the drive
wheels, to clog up with dust and mud.
1t is easier changed from a Reaper
to a Mower than any other.
1t has all case hardened bearings
no Babbitt boxes.
1t is exceedingly simple in its con-
struction.
1t has no osprings, switches or straps
to get out of order.
1t is almost entirely made of cast
and wrought iron.
1t has no wooden finger bar or frame
to warp or shrink.
II is the only two-wheeled Reaper
that can cut very high or very low,
both sides alike, without stopping the
team to make a change.
1t has cold rolled iron finger bar,
both for Teaping and moving.
1t has, as a mower, 4 #. or A. fit.
bars.
1t has. as a Reaper, feet, feet, or
Z feet cutter bar.
1t has no equal in cutting lodged
grain.
1t has none to excel it in handling
tall wheat and rye.
1t has more advantages aud fewer
disadvantages than any controllable
self-rake reaper and mower combined
in the market.
l have five car loads of these supe-
rior machines, which will be sold at
lower price and on easier terms than
any other first class Combined, Self
rake Reaper and Mower. Give the
Marsh No a trial IL Is C,i1rHufce1
to do good work in grain and grass.
Apply to JNO. L. CARSON,
BrOwnville,
And agents throughout the State. !
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
Bravery.

Editor Nebraska Advertiser.
One day / chanced to hear person
loudly extoling one of your fortunate
citizens of high position, for bravery
We have brave men among us, but
may ] ask who are the brave? Are
they those whom fortune has favored
with crowns of honor, placing them
on the highest pinnacle of fame, with
little or no exertion Of their own?
Can they be called brave whose feet
have trod an unobstructed path
through life. yet occupy elevated po-
sitions that fate has smilingly thrust
them into, regardless of their real
merit. There are many such in our
land. Many, are called brave because
of the good luck that has attended
them; not because they have fought
hard battles against sin, and manfully
struggled againstthe vice in their own
natures. They fill high positions in
life with the naturalness that flowers
bloom, or leaves put forth in spring I;
because God intended it should be so.
not because of their own deeds. No
one can truly be called brave, howev-
er high they stand, unless they have
gained the point of respect and pub
lie favor by their own undaunted
courage and firm fight against sin and
wrong, and their own inherent pas
sions. We have men in our midst,
who justly deserve to be called brave
men, who have trampled down the
baser part in their natures with firm,
unfiinching determination, recogniz-
ing only the good. Men who have
sturdily put aside the temptation to
gain wealth by means not strictly fair
and honest.
Men who have dared to hold to an
opinion more just than popular. Men
who have struggled against the foe,
egOtism, that makes such towards OF
US all. Men who have not scorned to
give an encouraging word to a DOWN
trodden, unfortunate fellow-man.-
Men who have triumphed over deceit
and vanquished treachery. Men who
have boldly and staunchly walked
Iough-shod over the lurking demon,
intemperance, saying: die, foul de-
stroyer of all peace and happiness,
will be free No more shall the gall
ing chains of intempersnce bind me.
No more the seductive power of the
wine cup, enthrall. Home, happiness
and peace have been sacrificed by
thine accursed power. but now thy
reign is done. l tUiH be victor
will be man again :" Such is true
heroism. And the heros we have
among US, are already reaping a re-
ward for their steadfastness and brav-
cry. How great will be their reward
in heaven, for God will make a shin
ing light of those who have overcome
the evils He placed US here to battle
against. F.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- The Kansas Pilot, published at
Kansas City, Kansas, by Caffrey &
van de Sande, has made its appear
ance upon our table. The Pilot ig-
nores politics and is devoted to the in
terests of the city and locality in
which it is published. Just how
Maj. Caffrey can eschew politics we
can't conceive, but perhaps be is
''paired" with the French gentleman
at the rear end of the firm who spells
his name with little =. The Pilot
Is well edited, of course -Caffrey's
name at the masthead is sufficient
guarantee of this. We place the Pilot
on our exchange list, and may it live
long and prosper.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- For three days the District Court
has been engaged in the trial of Hen
ry G. Lett vs.. the Nebraska Railway
Company, a suit 10 recover from the
company for services rendered TO the
BrOwnville & Fort kearney Railroad
Company as President of the road for
several years. Itwas the twin case of
Atkinson VS.. the railroad.-Stdte
Journal.
We understand Mr.. Lett obtained
judgment for s.. 800. We con ngratulate
friend Lett. No doubt he was justly
entitled TO much more-but that will
help fright smart"
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- State Journal: A stranger Wis
iting Nebraska at preser must be at
loss for adjectives forcible enough
to express his admiration of the coun-
try and its prospects. Growing and
maturing crops of cereals and vegeta-
bles, the immensity and perfection of
which is startling even TO an old set
tier, greet him on every hand, until
he is lost in wonder, and hastens to
acknowledge that not one-half has
been told of the beauty anG unexam-
pied fertility OF the country.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
A SURE CURE
n SNN~G CNA~E4
For Consumption. brOrchitii

For Consumption bronchitis asthma,
catarrh. throat and lung diseases. Also a
sure relief and permanent cure FOR general
debility, dyspepsia and al nervous affections
by a simple vegetable medicine which cured
"A venerable missionary Physician vino was
long a resident OF Syria and the East. and
who has freely given this valuable specific
To thousands OF kindred suffers with the
greatest possible benefits, and ne now feels II
his sacred christian duty to impart To others
this wonderful inyigOrating remedy. and viii
send FREE the original recipe complete.
TO any person enclosing stamp for reply,
naming paper n. F. Mahan, West Troy. y,
Y y o. box 326 47uU3
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

A gentleman of North Branch,
Otoe comfy, writes to the Syracuse
Journal that he knows by expert
ments that Nebraska soil is excellent
for clover. Il think it beats any l
ever saw in any of the Eastern
States" he says. The Eastern coun-
ties of Nebraska cannot much longer
depend for hay upon the "broad prai-
ries," !" and will have 10 learn how to
cultivate tame grasses.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

Pawnee Republican: And the next
move 20 Pawnee city. AT no distant
day a road is bound to De built south
west, running through Pawnee City,
and We would be just as well pleased
to see the G. B. & O. build said road
as any other company in existence.
The route from BrOwnville running
southwest into Texas is what the rail-
road managers have been eying for
some time, and this move of the G. B
& @. is no doubt a master stroke of
policy to head off any competing line
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
New ParasOls this week. AT
LOyyman's.

Have you cold, cough, hoarse-
ness, weak lungs, bronchial trouble.
or asthma? use Ellert's Extract of
Tar and Wild Cherry. 1t is a sover-
eign remedy for all pulmonary dis
eases. 1t is warranted to give salts
factlon; do not fail to give it q trial
ana If 1t fails, you may return the
bottle half empty to your druggist.
Sold by a. W. Nickel.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- Official statistics show Nemaha
county had in 1877, Il ,653 hogs, and in
1878, 50, ,352. How is that for increase
in number, and addition to wealth in
one single item-abOut SI66, ,76O I'm
hogs alone. We had, in cattle in 1877.
l0,605. In 1878, Is, 67S-ab0ut $50, 900
increase In cattle inone year. In 9TH
er matters, the increase mas not been
so large per cent. But in all things
there has been a very handsome in
crease.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

We are indebted to some friend
In the Black Hills for sending US pa
pers which we look ever with much
interest. We have just received a
copy of the Telegraph Herald. of
.'Central and Lead Cities, +" in which
are notices of real estate transfers in
which figure the names of a. s. Stew
art and John G. Shurts.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

Penciled on the back of the let
ter which appears in this issue from
Tom Majors, we read:
"P. S.-Dory was appointed P. NJ.
to-day, Friday. Shake! Tom"
All hunkydOTy. Colonel. Here's
d" Hotge" to you.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
COMMERCIAL.
CHICAGO MARKET.
CHICAGO, June Il, 1875

CHICAGO, June Il, ISIS.
WHEAT-Active; Nos and >, az 9S24 4G99.
CORN-Active new high mixed, 35G36
new mixed, So Z; No. =. 50 4e2f7s
HOGS-Light shipping, S32g3.3O; heavy,
s. 3OaS 20; mixed, s. 2cG3.35.
CATTLE-Shipping, sIOO95-2O. Slow and
hard TO sell.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- Take notice-the Nemaha Coal
Company will hold its next meeting
at Larkiu's school house on Saturday
June 18th at l o'clock p. m. Every
body interested is requested to be pres
ent without fail.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

Uncle Sans Harness Oil will
keep the leather soft and piiable, thus
preventing its cracking or ripping,
keep out water and is better for oiling
harness than any other oil ever made.
It will make harness last a. long again.
Sold by all harness makers and deal
ers in leather. Give il a trial.
Lowest prices on groceries, by
Stevenson & Cross.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

To all VINO are suffering from the errors
and indiscretiOns Of youth. nervous weak
ness. early decay, loss OF manhood, 6e.,
viii send a recipe that Will cure ycT,- FREE
OF CHARGE This great remedy was dis
covered by missionary in South America
Send a self-adiressed envelope To the Rev.
Joseph T. Inmau; Station D, Bible House,
New York CIV. rlyI
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
PIX
White and Figuered Pique
at LOVVnfan'S.
Proof Of fne Pudding.

Farmers can afford to wait and see
all the self-binders work in early
fall wheat and rye before binding
themselves to take any machine. The
Marsh. the only genuine harvester
and binder, is selling on these condi-
tions. Farmers. don't he fooled by
gIib-tongued agents. hut buy on trial
HAwLEY & DOUGLAS. Agents-,
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
Thursday, june 13.

VIII be sold at public auction, at the barn
OF the old Furnas Farm. near Brownvllie,
Nebraska, on Thursday, June is. Is1S. COM
mencfug at DO o'clock in the forenoon:
one pair extra fine, large. young, we'll
broke Mules:
Three other well broke work mules:
One pair welr broke Work Horse
One fine blOOded brood mare, in fOal by the
HOlladaYThO Ham bletOuian horse
One Woods Combined Reaper and Mower
One Wheat Drill:
one Farm wagon:
one AndersoU's stock Feed Steamer. with
fixtures:
one TwO-HorSc Wagon
Piows, Harness, ,HaTrOyVs, CultiTatOrs. Corn
Planters, Feed Cutter, Corn shelter, Patent
Bee Hives etc. etc, with numerous smaller
articles needed on farm, not mentioned
TERMS All sums under $40 cash ia hand.
sums Of SO and over, one years credit WltI
note and approved security. without Inter
est 90 paid promptly at maturity II not paid
At maturity, 10 per cent. interest from date
On time sums 10 per cent discount from face
OF purchase amount WIZ be made for casi IN
hand.
Holm T.. CaFaOsz
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13
DOuOt Forget

The Marsh No. Double Rugged Self
Rake Combined Reaper and Mower is
for sale at lower price and on easier
terms than any other first class com
bined Machine in the market. Farm
ers will be supplied. and every ma
chine guaranteed by agents. Ted
Huddart, Brownville; John Tighe.& &
Dawson, Humboldt; F. L. Prou ty +,
Peru; F. c. Clark, Lincoln; Fred.
Miller & Co., Falls City. Fer details
of the value of the machine read the
open Letter" and extract from Mer-
cersburg, Pa, Journal. Also the
Nebraska Farmer To Peru correspOn-
dent Oh Combined Machines.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

"A Mrs. G. NJ. Smoke, of Franklin
precinct, Richardson county, one day
last week, gave birth to triplets-two
girls aud boy. The boy lived only
a few hours, but the girls are healthy
and promising.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

The Nebraska City District Sun
day School Institute of the NJ. Z
Church, will be held at Table Rock,
beginning Tuesday, 18th inst, and
continue two days. Invitation is ex-
tended to all Sunday School workers.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- Prairie chickens are so numerous
this season that they are getting to be
8 nuisance to farmers in some lOcali-
ties, and the law prohibiting the
shooting of them should be repealed.
Exchange.
And one bit a man out west the
other day. or course the law should
be repealed and people permitted to
protect themselves.
Nebraska advertiser., 1878-06-13

- The following is from the Ham
ilton (Mo.) Ne1Us Graphic: Mr.. c.
w. Wheeler, Of BrOwnville, Neb.,
the successful bidder for the McClal
len bridge and the Brushy creek
bridge, called to see US. Mr.. w. goes
20 work at once Oh these bridges, COM
mencing on the McClalleu