New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1878-02-28


h' In South America Major D. A. Rivra and M A;
Peru NJ Weiner in Bolivia and Signor r. T. Moieho ~
Patagonia. They have been measuring lns Msnv in
mountains and seeking the sources Oh r'cf'' '"""' "
teresting facts have been learned.
ARCTIC EXPLORATION.
rynorations in tho Arctic regions have been carried
on during the year, but they have been OF hm'eo
nature compared with those Of preceding years Captain
Virgins TO whose xoratons have REFERRED
made =: voyage IN q steamer through the Kara sea-
1t will be remembered that in 1872 Captain Edward
Potter Winterlng I'm Repuse Bay obtained few spoons
and other relics OF the Inflated expedition OF Sir Johh
Franklin from two Esquimaux OF the Netcheiii trioe.
They told him that party OF whito men cano long
time before to the place. IN the Guf OF "Ie G
died there from exhaustion ana want or Ioou. Inls
Information which seemed impr9oabie tnen %ns con
During the present year however T49m1s r. ba ha
who with CAPTAIN Potter IN iS72, or1uGi ha oaeA
Hougbton, was wlntering last year at Marble
Island in me nPper part or spoon with rrankn crest
on It, These Netche told him exactly me same stoly
from others at Repnse Bay five years before THIS cor
roboraon led me to inquire Tor Barry, am h@d th
him lie speaks Esqiimanx very well. when
am able to state upon the sxn sulnTs Jce
Ebbernr who is here tonight, and who as frequently
conversed Barry. l was thoroughly satisfied OF
Barrys truthflne.s. have been thus particular, as
SIR LeopoM McClinock has minated in n recent com
muncaon to the British Admiralty, That Barry has
probably that mere smaterng OF the language which
whaling seamen usually acquire, which renders any in
formation they derive Of comparatively htue value.
The Netchcli whom Barry met last Winter gave SUD
stantally tho the others and Two VINO
between fifty aud sixty years OF age si 'ey ad
seen the white The Netchelli offered To go ana
point out spot where the earn still remains Win
the books or, papers that were put , nnder ~, IT.
hut il involved journey OF over 400 miles,
and Nthose in the vessel were not provided with
the equipment necessary for such an expedition
Whatever conjectures may he INDUCED H. tnnh
there is sufficient information communicated 70 ,al.Mn
chel say this party Of white men died, which cou De
done 40 4 onpiratvely small expense Apart rom re
officers and Of tins large eXpeditipn theTe
is the expectation that where the ia-t o,
which viii be Of value If it should contain the
observations made over this part OF the Arctic re&lo
ist tning tina; explorer VIII part with Everything
Will b. sacrificed for IT. preservation, ana the assurance
and papers, the precious record OF tir tpor anu NIL th
fate erected IN the vicinity OF ns place mnefe Wv
last OF them died. in the hope that nj some time III 'he
future IL would be found by cVilz"d man.
GEOGRAPHICAL WORK IN ASIA.
There have been many explorers in Asia; In Palestine
Persia, Turkestan Hilbert, China India and Japan
E Knlppns has been engaged in eStensiye saryeys
which i soon be pGblishld ie was Las. Of s[tgYS
Mr. woiekoG completed his meteorological journey
round the world, during the course or ~hch IL VIII De
OF our meetings His last visit was TO india Java and
10.
Interior Of Japan before visited by Europeans
sTANLEY's EXPLORATIONS IN AFRICA.
When referred to Mr.. Stanley, In my last address, lie
had finished his expedition Lake Akengara, southwest
Of Lake Ukerwe. and was OH his way to Lake Iahsahi
10 cypore the country south OF the Mwutan Mig, aud
northwest of that lake, in the hope OF reaching
the Mombuto country at the north, so as
to connect his own discoveries with those Of
Gchwenfurth. across the equator. II vii be
remembered that | mentioned last year that Lieu
IA lftal
concluded from his o1n observation mar he hat as
covered the outlet ~ the lake I'D the river Ltisi, now
ing from il ON tl western side. An ordinary traveller
would have satisfied with Camcron's survey, ana
his CONCLUSION "a to the outet; nu Siiey III .e te
character geographical explorer, determined 10 go
round the southern part OF the lake himself ana the re-
sut was that he a,certained by detailed survey and
careful suuuda that the river Lukuga, instead Oi nov"
Ing ont OF the lake. flowed INTO it,
After connecting thi, work. STANLEY started with
force 20 potcrs for NyaOgSa tue frth.st northern
pint attained by Livingston or Cameron CARVING hls
boat the Lady Alice, with HIM IN sections Stahicy
reached this place in November 1876 afler joufie OF
about so mics in forty day in st.f reHi hanie
phical Those only who are acquainted WIN
Ihe danger, and difficulties Of African exploration anu
know how frequently tao most sleacious con-
the most Trustworthy information. have not only
been attended by failure, but with the most die
took and "a" h1Z0ri he In determining 10 follow the
Lnaaba River in It's northery course The river ran To-
the nu.th, apparently the direction of the sources OF
tr Mic. IL had Liyngtoue's conviction that It was lie
remote II tat river To follow the llvcr. hos"
ever IN - holthcriy course might al nm MS theO
- should not hr verified into The Interior ~ Northern
\ WI u
cr7, without supplies and ~ state ot utter dt,u9
He appreciated tue grrnt risk ho ran. but after fuly
considering, be- 10 fLc bold determination to fd.-
low up hia theory and IN Tins exhibited the same geo
graphical H~tnCt which ne has referred 10 rs 0icA re-
muftahc faculty in Captain spcke The di~c0ycrer 81
Lake Ikcr"wc lie accor'htS starter ~ i"ll"" 'nt
river to the north He reached TIE Atlantic coast In
August, l~1r having made quincy rom ONu~W3
down the river its mouth, distance of about lscO
uIlc- passing the way niiy seven cdtardcts
Nhtu Mr. stanley trte IN the society, MS hau
was black: n l. now SAID 10 be entirely WHITE or thu
$50 mcn with whom hv ",t Iul"dr, IN IS l. only 10
reached the Atlantic CoI> ana 90 ~ lht1 WAen NJ the
Journeys end were suffering from dy~cniery. scuryy,
and dropsy. lie was the Congo from November L.
50 that his promise To- the native followers was fulfilled
tuat would reach the before the close Of the
winch has been obtained ,y this remarkable XpOrailrn
The entire area draiucl nv this great African river
winch taken ny bv the great basin and
the maritime regions of the West The source
OF The Congo, a. now asccrtained, Is III tho high
plateau south Of Lake TdhSaniha, III - e.nnIrl
commonly called BeA. or Uh,zi but from MorSa
Lake 10 the River Lualaba no European knows any
thing OF IT, iiin ntS. The Congo i--es from Lake Be'
b. called by Livingstone who discovered IT, Bangweio
Dc>ccndng beyond IL l.. long, the Congo spreads
t'e,s bctyrrn hills. W6em It pnGndDrs down. steep
after steep. for ls0 miles, AMI then flows Is the
majestic and CAIN Lower Congo. In thNtlso miles II
ls a Oh yrS iTT' y Al ,vah. ' tor ~ miles
from It's mouth To the first rapids ana beyond thcm
for so miles, While the great aiinenIs lie estimates
would give LOO miles and perhaps more He es-
1000 miles length the Nakuta or Kwango to he over
800 miles, while tnere are four or five Others which,
from their breadth he thinks should be navgtbe for
great distances The Nile he says, has greater length
than the Congo but the Congo could furnish water FOR
three Miles, and II Is much valuable river for
than the Nile, the Congo has its rapids
concentrated In TWO places, and Is not, like the Nile,
frequently interrupted by rapids. The upper rapids,
where all satiOn westward on the Upper Congo ter
inmates has great falls while the lower series has
sixty-twO important falls aud rapids with many minor
ones. Once above the lower cataracts, he says, we
have the half of Africa before with no interruption
Ike desert 4ons Of tue ME- but one vast populOds
plain, no part of Africa with which he Is acquainted
being thckiy inhabited the term Villages hc says,
can scarcely be applied, FOR II II collection al dwellings,
and there in places two miles long. with
one or more broad streets, sud rows of neat and well
built houses, superior TO any thing To DC Ohnd IN Eastern