davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
The Great Geyser of Iceland.

Iceland is an elevated plateau about two
thousand feet high with narrow marginal
habitable region sloping gently to the sea-
The elevated plateau is the seat of every
species of volcanic action, viz, lava-erup-
tions, solfataras, mud volcanoes, hot springs,
and geysers These last exist in great
numbers; more than one hundred are
found in a circle of two miles diameter.
One of these, the Great Geyser, has long
attracted attention.
The Great Geyser is a basin or pool
fifty-six feet in diameter, on the top of a
mound thirty feet high. From the bottom
of the basin descends a funnel-shaped pipe
eighteen feet in diameter at the top, and
seventy eight feet deep. Both the basin
and the tube are lined with silica, evidently
deposited from the water. The natural
inference is, that the mound is built up
by deposits from the water, in somewhat
the same manner as a volcanic cone is built
up by its own elections. In the intervals
between the eruptions the basin is filed to
the brim with perfectly transparent water,
having temperature of about 170 to $50
degrees. The following are its peculiarties:
First. Immediately preceding the erup-
ton sounds like cannonading are heard
beneath, and bubbles rise and break on
the surface of the water. Second A
bulging of surface is then seen, and the
water oyer-fows the basin. Third. I'm
mediately thereafter the whole of the
water in the tube and basin is shot up
ward one hundred feet high, forming a
fountain of dazzling splendor. Fourth.
The eruption of water is Immediately fol-
lowed by the escape of steam with a roar
ing noise. These last two phenomena are
repeated several times, so that the foun-
tain continues to play for several minutes,
until the water is sufficiently cooled, and
then all is again quiet until another
eruption. The eruptiOns occur tolerably
regularly every ninety minutes, and last
six or seven minutes. Throwing large
stones into the tube has the effect Of bring
ing on the eruption more quickly.-Pop-
uIar Science Monthly.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

will build my Church, and the gates of
hell shall not prevail against it.
And, after all, what have | seen =?
Ruins, ruins, ruins Yet these ruins are
the witnesses of the greatest deeds of God
for men. These ruins are the strong argu-
ments for the truth of the prophecies of
the Scripture. They prove the literal full
fillment of the words Of Christ when he
wept over ungrateful Jerusalem. What
Israel has rejected has become the life of
the world. But l cannot 90 on with these
reflections without transgressing the usual
limits of letter
The place from which date this letter
Is the northernmost boundary of Palestine
and of the journeys of our Lord. Here
he ELECTED that remarkable confession of
Peter which is the mother of all Christian
creeds. Near this place, on Mt. Hermon.
the TRANSPORTATION probably took place.
Here Is the upper source of the Jordan,
which issues in several rivulets of clear
fresh water from beneath the limestone
rocks under an overhangiEg cliff and soon
becomes rushing stream flowing through
thickets to Dan, four miles off, where it
unites with the lower source, and then to
the waters Of Merom, the Sea of Galilee,
and at last into the Dead Sea. The little
Arab village still bears the ancient Greak
name Banias Paneas, l. e. Sanctuary Of
PAM, while the later Roman or Herodian
designation, Cesarea Philippi, has passed
away, and has some remains of old roads.
forts and bridges. On the top of the hill
are the ruins of the castle Shubeibeb, of
Roman, Saracenic and Christian architee-
ture,-the most extensive have seen in
Palestine and well worthy of a close ex-
animation by archeologists The view
over the valley is very fine. The scenery
reminds me of some parts of Switzerland
or Northern Italy. The olive, fg and OLE
ander flourish here luxuriantly but the
country is neglected and overgrown with
weeds. The climate is delightful, and the
weather as warm as in june in America.
| have not had rainy day since l en-
tered Palestine
Tomorrow | shall ascend Mt. Hermon
and bid forever farewell to Palestine. In
two days expect to reach Damascus, the
earthly paradise of the Mohammedans.
unless the rumor which reached US to-day
that war has broken out between Russia
and Turkey should prove correct and force
US to avoid the city where, only sixteen
years ago, some four thousand Christians
were massacred, without any provocation,
by the fanatical Mohammedans. In that
case, we might also have to give up Baal-
bek and take the nearest route to Beirut
and the Austrian steamer.
DR.. Schaff reached Damascus in safety,
and on April 22d was intending to visit
Baalbek before going to Beirut to take the
" ]. Obs.l
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
Rubber Balls.

The process Of making the hollow rub
Der balls used by children for playthings
is quite curious and may be interesting to
those not familiar with it. A Holyoke
writer thus describes 1.-THE upper room
of the mill is prepared to push this branch
of the business for q few months and it
will probably turn ont some 10000 dozen
of those balls between January and June
These balls have solid surface, and made
BY different process from that of making
the soft rubber balls which are perforated
by an opening, and of course are much
more firm, durable and elastic. The sheets
of rubber prepared for the balls are cut
into strips of double convex shape The
edges of the strips are moistened with a
preparation of rubber and naphtha, by
which they are Joined firmly together,
three of the strips being used for one ball.
This part of the work is done by girls,
and a skillful girl can earn about S1.50
per day. When the strips are Joined to-
gether, the ball is very nearly the shape
of Brazil nut Before the last opening
is closed, small quantity of carbonate of
ammonia is put inside, which, when sub
iected to strong heat viii make the rubber
expand and fill out the ball mould The
opening is then closed with the adhesive
mixture, and it is placed in an iron mould
of the size and shape of the ball desired.
The moulds are packed into frames in
which they are subjected to the heat of
the vulcaniZer.
They are kept in place in the frame by
iron rods along the side, and when the
frame is full, iron plates at the ends are
screwed down tightly upon the moulds to
hold them in place These iron plates are
about three-fourths of an inch thick, and
so strong is the expansive force of the
rubber in the moulds that they have bent
this thick iron into curve. If one of
the moulds should work out Of place while
the vulcanization is in process, the moulds
will all fly out with noise like the report
of dozen pistols, and the work is spoiled.
The action Of the heat does the rest.
When the moulds are opened, they con-
tain the perfect round balls with no mark
of the places where the pieces we're joined.
The slight ridge made by the mould is
ground off by stone used for the purpose,
and the ball is done This is but one pro.
cess of rubber work Besides the hollow
balls are made solid balls of rubber, etc.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
The Human Body.

In the human skeleton about the time
of maturity, are 165 bones. The muscles
are about 500 in number. The length of
the alimentary canal is about 32 feet.
The amount of blood in an adult averages
80 pounds, or full one-ffth of the entire
weight The heart is six inches in length
and 4 inches in diameter, and beats 20 times
per minute; 1920 times per hour; 100, 800
per day; 36,772, 200 per year; 1865 ,44O, :
900 in three score and ten; and at each beat,
two and half ounces of blood are thrown
out of it; IT'S ounces per minute; 500
pounds per hour; seven hundred and three
fourth tons per day. All the blood in the
body passes through the heart in three
minutes. The lungs will contain about
one gallon of air, at their usual degree of
initiation. We breathe, on an average, ], )
200 times per hour; inhale 600 gallons of
air, or "a, 900 gallons per dag. The ag-
gregate surface of the air cells of the lungs
exceeds 10000 square inches, an area
very nearly equal TO the floor Of q room
twelve feet square. The average weight
of the brain of an adult male is three
pounds and four ounces. The nerves are
all connected with it, directly or by the
spinal marrow. These nerves, together
with their branches and minute rami6ca-
tions, probably exceed 100000 in
number, forming "body-guard" outnum-
bering by far the greatest army ever
marched! The skin is composed of three
layers, and varies from one-fourth to one
eighth of an inch in thickness Its aver
age area in an adult is estimated to be
1000 square inches. The atmospheric
pressure being about fourteen pounds to
the square inch, person of medium size
is subjected to pressure of 40 600 pounds.
Each square inch of skin contains $500
sweating tubes, or perspiratory pores, each
of which may be likened to little drain
tile one-fOurth of an inch long, making ar
aggregate length of the entire surface o.
the body of POI, Jig feet, or & tile ditch
for draining the body almost forty mile
long Man is made marvelously. Who
is eager to investigate the curious, to wit
ness the wonderful works of Omnipoten
Wisdom, let him not wander the wide
world round to seek them, but examine
himself. "The proper study of mankin(
is man"
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
@unders of Stature,
One of the Worlds Wonders.

The great four-fold waterfall, the Fall
of Garsoppa, on the west side of India,
near Honore, little known as it is, is one
of the wonders Of the world. A writer
says of it: Difficult it is to convey in words
any picture of the stupendous scene.
There is the river, some three hundred
yards in width, flowing through soft wood
land, its waters split into many CLASSY
currents, gliding round worn boulders and
islets, when instantly bed and banks are
gone, and in their place are savage, terrific
walls of gaunt rock plunging to depths
eyes dare not look into, down which the
shuddering waters fall at four points nearly
equidistant on the irregular curve of the
rim of the abyss.
From the lip of the precipice to the
dark pools at its foot is an accurately
measured distance of eight hundred and
thirty feet, and down this prodigious de-
scent pour the four cataracts, each arrayed
in its own special robes Of grandeur and
beauty. First on the western side is the
Great or Rajah fall; branch of the river
runs over projactiug leagasand dnowhere
touching the Titanic wall, which hollows
in, descends in a stately unbroken column,
gradually widening its shining skirts into
black, unfathomable pool eight hundred
and thirty feet below. The precipice runs
backward, curving in an irregular bay, on
whose farther side the fall, named the
Roarer, shoots slanting down a third of
the hight into a rocky basin that shoulders
out, whence it boils out in broad mas
sive cataract, plunging five hundred feet
into the same pool opposite its kingly
neighbor.
Leaving the bay, next on the general
plane of the precipice comes the Rocket
fall, running impetuously over the brim
and down the face of the stupendous wall,
to which it only just clings with a broad
band of glistening foam-white water,
speeding in quick gushes, necessarily dart
ing out myriads of watery rockets and
vaporous arrows, with which all its volume
seems alive, and pouring clear at last in a
dense shining curtain into its own pool
Last and loveliest, La Dame Blanche
glides down the grim colossal rampant in
lapse after lapse of delicate lace-like wells,
now blowing out in bright, misty spray,
and again quickly gathering up the white
folds, and so stealing downward with
whispering murmur, till gently sinking in
a sparkling shower into a pool whose ink
black surface is hardly rufied. The exact
depth scientifically measured is eight
hundred and thirty feet.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
Origin of Genius.

Columbus was the son Of a weaver him
self. Claude Lorraine was brought up a
pastry cook. Moliere, the great French
comic writer, was the son of a tapestry
maker. Cervantes served as a common
soldier. Homer was a beggar. HesiOd
was the son of small farmer; Demosthe-
mes, Of cutler. Terance, the Latin comic
writer, was a slave. Oliver Cromwell was
the son of brewer. Howard, the philan-
thropist, was an apprentice to a grocer;
Benjamin Franklin, the son of tallow
chandler. DR.. Bishop, of Worcester, son
of a linen draper DeFOe, the great Eng
lish political writer, was the son Of butch
er. Whitefeld was the son of an inn
keeper at Gloucester. Cardinal Wolsey,
the son Of butcher. Ferguson was a
shepherd Virgil was the son of porter;
Shakespeare, of wool dealer; Horace, of
shopkeeper. Lucian, of a stationer.
Hogarth was an apprentice to an engrayer.
Dean Tucker was the son of a small far
mer, and came to Oxford on foot. B;shop
Prideaux worked in the kitchen at Exeter
College. Edmund HALEY was the son of
a soap boiler.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
Select Auetrg.
THE EMPTY CRADLE.


Sad Is the heart OF the mother.
Who sits by the lonely hearth,
Where never again the children
Shall waken the songs Of mirth.
And still, through the painful silence,
She listens for voice and tread
Outside OF the heart-shere only
She knows that they are not dead.
Here is the desolRte cradle.
The pillow so lately pressed.
But far away has the birding
Flown from It's little nest.
Grooming the lullabies over
That once were her babes delight.
All through the misty spaces.
She follows its upward flight
Little she thought OF moment
So gloomy and sad as this,
When close 10 her heart she gathered
Her child for its goodnight kiss
She should be tenderly cherished,
Never grief should she know
Wealth, and the pride of a Princess.
These would mother best0w.
And this is the darling's portion
In Heaven-where she has fed.
BY angels securely guarded,
By angels securely led
Brooding in sorrowful silence,
Over the empty nest,
Can you not see through the shadows.
Why II is all for the best
Better the heavenly kingdom
Than riches Of earthly crown;
Better the early morning fight.
Than one when the sun Is down:
Better an empty casket
Than jewels besmirched with sin.
Safer than those without the fold,
Are those that have entered in.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

The OLD HUNDRED PsALM-TUNE.-
The Old Hundred tune was known in Eng
land as early as 1861, when it appeared in
the edition of Sternhold aud Hopkins
psalms of that year; and from that time
forth it was included in every edition of
that work. The name of the tune Old
Hundred is peculiar to England. In for
eign psalters, especially in the French and
Dutch, the tune is set to the 134th Psalm.
From the days of the Reformation to the
end of the seventeenth century it was
commonly called in England the Hun
dredth Psalm-tune but upon the publica-
ton of Tate and Bradys new versions its
present title came into use. 1t has been
shown that most of the strains in the tune
are taken from ancient hymn-tunes of the
early church, and had been sung by Chris
tian voices a thousand years before Luther
was born.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
%2 superior Draft Horses, 4 ~

&2 2 superior Draft Horses, 4 -
O. Mich Cows, l Alderney 49,
00.ABull, years old; Year--4G
lings, Sow and 8 Pigs, 4 Shoats, l Berk-
shire Boar, Broadtread Wagon with large
Stone Bed, one-horse Spring Wagon, l
Champion Reaper and Mower, combined, 9
Furrow Plows, 2 Harrows, 2 Drags, . Shovel
Plows, large Roller, Corn Coverer, Wind
mill, Horse Rake, Cutting Box, Corn Shelter,
sets Breeohbsnds, sets lead Gears,
Housings, etSingle Harness, Log Chains,
lot of Halters, Post Digger, Maui and Wedges,
lot of Scythes, Grain Cradle, and large va
riety of other farming utensils too numerous
to mention. Lot of Potatoes, Corn by the
barrel, lot of Timothy Hay and Fodder, and
about 20 Acres Of growing Wheat, 80 Perch
OF Limestone now at the kiln, with sufficient
wood TO burn it.
Terms Of Sdle.-All sums of $40 and under
cash, on all sums above $40 credit of six
months will be given on note with approved
security, bearing interest from the day of sale.
JABEZ F. GARDNER.
P. A. GoRsUCH, Auctioneer jan lets
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
CHAs. BILLINGsLEA.D.D.s
DENTAL NOTICE.

nR. GEO. S. FOUKE, Dentist, offers i.
~ services at his Office.
Westminster-every Monday, Tuesday and
Saturday.
Emmittsburg-Fourth Wednesday After
noon till Thursday Afternoon.
Mechanicstown-Fourth Thursday After
noon and Friday.
Rocky Ridge-First Wednesday Afternoon
Double Pipe Creek-First Thursday.
Middleburg-First Friday.
Uniontown-Second Wednesday Afternoon.
Taneytown-Second Thursday Afternoon
and Friday.
Union Bridge Wednesday Afternoon
and Thursday Forenoon.
New Windsor-Third Thursday Afternoon
and Friday Forenoon. feb %
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
SELECT DEPARTMENT.

CtLASSICS and MATHEMATICS taught.
~ Particular attention paid to English
Composition. Terms per quarter of 10 weeks,
from So to Sl5 according to the studies pur-
sued. f. A. McGIRR, A. NJ, Principal.
A Night School for Young men will be open
from 10 8, p. m, on Monday and Thursday
OF each week, beginning October 10th, 1876.
oct IL
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

more or less. The improvements thereon
consist of a two and one-half story Log
Dwelling House, lately wealth
erboarded, Bank Barn 5Ox37 ANA
feet, Smoke House, Dairy,
Hog House, Wagon Shed and
all other necessary out-buildings. Water
convenient to all the buildings; about Acres
IS IN Meadow, and u Acres is in Timber; the
balance of the land is in high state of culti-
.vation; the fields are inclosed by good fencing
and are conveniently watered. The land IS
in an excellent state of cultivation. having
been heavily lined three times within the last
ten years.
Also at the same time and place a WOOD
LOT containing 8 Acres, Roods and 90
Perches of Land, more or less.
This farm is about AZ miles south-ea from
Westminster, about l mile from Shambur-
gers Station, on the Western MARYLAND Rail.
road, and is on the County Road leading
from said Station to the Gorsuch Road.
and adjoins the land of Lewis Green, Isaac
Green, and others. The Wood Lot adioins
the land of Wilson Englar and others.
Also at the same time and place the follow.
ing valuable Personal Property. to Wit
Two superior draft horses, ! brood mare. l
bay colt, milch COWS, young bull, 5 sheep.
: sets breechOanus, sets lead gears, wagon
saddle, ? sets single harness, lot of brides.
halters, saddles, &c; threshing machine and
horse power, (one-half interest;) wind mill.
corn shelter, sleigh, roller, cart, horse rake.
broad-tread wagon and bed, stone bed, wheat
drill, with guano attachments; Brashear
plows, double shovel plows, single shovel
pillow, two corn drags, cultivator and fork,
2-horse spring wagons, 4-horse sled, 4-horse
English wagon bed, lime bushel, corn barrel,
and a variety of other farming utensils
Also u ACRES GROWING WHEAT.
and lot of Hay and Corn.
Terms of Sale of the Real Estate.-Ons.
third cash on the day of sale, or on the ratifi-
cation thereof; one-third in one year, and
the other one-third in two years from the day
of sale; the credit payments to be secured BY
the notes of the purchaser OF purchasers with
approved security, bearing interest from the
day of sale.
Terms of Sale Of the Personal Property
All sums of $40 and under cash; on all sums
above $40 credit of six months will be given
on note with approved security, bearing in
terest from the day of sale.
ISAAC L. PEARSON,
CHAS. I. REIFSNIDER,
ALPHA NJ. RUBY, Auct Trustees.
jan l2-ts
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

OF Land, more or less. The improvements
thereon consist of large and substantial
two and half story Log Weatherboarded
Dwelling House, with Back A >M-o
Barn with Threshing Floor, - ia
and ample Stable room, Dairy, ss=sss.s-a=s4
Smoke House, Wood and Wash House.
Chicken House, Wagon Shed with two Corn
Cribs attached, and will hold 200 barrels of
corn, Hog Houses with Corn Cribs at
tached, besides all other necessary out build.
ings. The buildings are in excellent repair.
the buildings having been erected within
the last four years, the fields are laid off into
convenient size, and all of them are conve-
nienty watered, the fences are of the best
quality, consisting of plank and post and rail
fences principally. There is also an Orchard
of Apple, Peach and Pear Trees on the pre-
misses. The land is in very superior state
of cultivation, over 6OO0 bushels of lime hav-
ing been put on the land within the last six
years. There is also Lime Kiln on the
premises, convenient to the buildings; pumps
of good water at the house and barn. About
IL 50 Acres is good OAK TIMBER,
E about u Acres in Meadow, and the
- balance is under cultivation. This land
is the same which was conveyed to the said
Jabez +. Gardner by Moses Barnes and wife,
by deed bearing date September IA, 1875,
and recorded among the land records of Car
roll county, in hber +. I. S., No. As, folio
AS, &c, and is the same which is described
in said mortgage, and is subject to a right of
way II feet wide through the same, on the
bed of an old Road, now in use on the line
between the aforesaid land and the lands of
Jacob Miller, and leading to the Deer Park
Road, as set forth in said deed. Is about 8
miles South East from Westminster on the
Deer Park Road, miles from Finksburg
Station Western Maryland Railroad, and ad-
joins the land of VIM. Gardner, Lewis Stocks
dale and Moses Barnes
Terms Of Sale.-Cash on the day of sale,
or if desired by the purchaser or purchasers,
one-third cash on the day of sale or on the
ratification thereof, one-third in u months,
and the other one-third in years from the
day OF sale, the credit payments to be secured
by the notes Of the purchaser or purchasers
with approved security bearing interest from
the day of sale.
CHAS, T. REIFSNIDER,
Trustee and Attorney.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

The undersigned will on the same day, at
the same place, at the hour of 10 O'Clock,
A. NJ, sell the following Valuable Personal
Property. to-wit.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
A VALUABLE FARM
AT PUBLIC SALE.

PY virtue of power of sale contained in
~ Mortgage from Jabez f. Gardner and
Margaret l.. Gardner his wife, to Elias Broth
ers, bearing date September 14th, 1875, and
recorded among the real estate MORTGAGE re-
cords of Carroll county, in liber +. I. S.,
No. 0, folio 103, &C., the undersigned. Trus.
tee and Attorney therein named, will sell at
Public Sale, on the premises, to the highest
bidder, on
Tuesday, the 26h of February, 1878,
at u o'clock, NJ, Valuable Farm con-
tanning
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
TO THE PUBLIC /!

HNHE undersigned would most respectfully
\ inform the public that they have pur-
chased the entire stock of J. j. Shorb and
Son, on Main Street, Westminster, where
they will continue the business as heretofore,
and have constantly on hand and make to
nrder
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

If you must criticise, let it be done
lovingly.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23

He that falls to day may be up again
tomorrow.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23
Ghin9s Sbruad.
FOUR WEEKS IN PALESTINE.

BY PHILIP scHAFF, D. D., Ii. d.
Correspondence of the New York Observer.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1878-02-23


| saw the ruins of Shiloh, which once
sheltered the Ark of the Covenant. | sat
on Jacobs well, where our Lord, weary
from travelling, offered to a poor woman
the water of life which has since quenched
the thirst of fnnumerable souls. read
there with some friends the fourth chap
ter of st. John, and thought of the touch
ing allusion to this scene in the "Dies
Irn:n