Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1878-07-25
The Results of the European
War,


= general European War. II may be in
teresting to those of our readers VIII,
have not found time to wade through
the voluminous dispatches, to know
what is the final result of the wal
Great changes have been wrought il
the political geography of Europe
many of which will not be evident f
the general public for some years
Those results which follow Immediate
ly are not so important as those whicl
are likely to finally grow out of th'
new order of things.
The Treaty of Berlin is the longest
and in many respects the most impof
tant, ever negotiated. 1t consists o
fifty-eight articles, or, according to the
) version of the London Times, publish
J ed in our American dailies, fifty-seven
elaborately worded in French, and i:
signed by all the plenipotentiaries who
took part in the Congress.
Articles to u treat of the organiza
ton and government of Bulgaria
That principality is to comprise the
strip of territory between the Danube
river and the Balkan mountains, ex
tending from the Black Sea to the
boundary of Servia. 1t is to be tribu-
tary to Turkey in an annual sum to be
be settled by the powers party to the
treaty, at the end of the first year. 1ts
internal government is to be arranged
by an Assembly of Mobiles to meet al
Tirnova within nine months. Its cbiei
magistrate is TO be Christian Prince
mot a member of any reigning dy.
nasty of Europe-who is to be elected
by the people and confirmed by the
Sultan of Turkey. There is to be nc
political distinction in regard TO relig.
iOus belief. Until the organization OF
the permanent government the prov
ince is to be governed by q provision
al organization, directed by Russian
Commissioners es isted by the consuls
of the Great Powers. The Turkish ar.
my shall evacuate the principaliry and
all the fortresses be destroyed within
one year.
Articles 13 to % treat Of the organi.
zation and government of the province
of Eastern Roumelia. 1t will of course,
be bounded on the north by the East
ern Balkans; bat article IA, fixing its
other boundaries, is not given in the
meager abstracts given in the dispatch
es. 1t is to be under the direct pOliti-
cal authority of the Sultan, but is to
have an administrative self-govern-
ment, and Christian Governor Gen
eral, who is be appointed for five years
by the Porte, with the assent of the
Powers.
Article % provides that Bosnia and
Herzegovina shall be occupied and
administered by Austria.
Articles a to 80 provide for the en-
largement and government of Monte
negro, which principality is to bear a
share of the public debt only in proper
tion to her new territory.
Articles 81 to 80 dispose of Servia in
gro is disposed of.
Articles 40 to 49 provide that Rou-
mania shall cede back to Russia that
part of Bessarabid ceded from Russia
to her by the Treaty of Paris, and shall
in return receive all that territory
south of the Danube included between
that river and line running east from
Silistria, and joining the Black Sea
south of Mongolia. This makes the
southern boundary of Russia extend to
the Sulina (the northern) mouth of the
Danube, instead of the river Prouth,
which Russia has been obliged to ac-
cept as her boundary since 1856, when
she was fiogged by England, France
and Sardinia on the Crimea. This res
toration to her old boundary is sup
posed to wipe away the disgrace Oftnat
defeat.
Articles so to 81 provide for the use
and control of the Danube. The river
is to be controlled, as at present, by the
Com mission of the Danube, in VIII ch
Servia and ROumania are to be repre>
sented. All fortresses OF the river be
tween the Iron Gates and Galatzi are
20 be destroyed, and no ship of war be-
longing to any nation shall ascend the
river higher than Galatzi.
BY article 90, the Porte agrees to ap-
ply to the island of Crete the plan OF
government of 1868. By Article 56 the
questions relative to the frontier be-
tween Greece and Turkey are referred
to those nations themselves. Article
81 binds Turkey to her own promise OF
guaranteeing religious liberty and
equality to her subjects.
One very important result of the
war, however, is not noticed in the
Treaty. A separate Treaty was con-
cluded between England and Turkey,
and sanctioned by the Congress. BY
that Treaty England gets possession OF
the Island of Cyprus, by paying to
Turkey the annual sum of $3.50, 900.
She also acquires the right to construct
a railroad down the valley of the Eu
pirates to her dominiOns in India.
This will virtually give England con-
troll of a large part of Asia; will secure
her Indian possessions from Russian
aggression, and will bring "the far off
East" several hundred miles nearer
home to her. Certainly this railroad
alone will produce a wonderful effect
upon the civilization of Asia. 1t will
strengthen Eagland's commercial su
premacy, and will give her greater
advantages FROM the settlement than
Russia has reaped at the cost of her
millions of blood and treasure. 1t does
seam that, in all European troubles,
whoever is the loser, Johnny Bull con-
tinues to get the lions share of the
plunuer; WnOeNer ~ Wnippeu, GuSldHu
makes the money. Russia, it is true,
has acquired some substantial advanta-
ges, but nothing in proportion to the
cost. Austria has acquired nothing
but the occupation of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, and the iother pow
ers nothing at all save political infiu-
ence. The only cheap and substantial
gain is England's.
JEFFERSON DAVIS, who ought to be
perpetually surprised that he has been