The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1878-12-23

Colombian tobacco. Dry goods are the leading arti-
Giles of with this country, and il arrange
ment can be made by which the Colombian merchants
will buy their dry goods in the American markets All
their other trade will naturally follow.
Later he writes of an actual proposition from the
Colombian government which should attract the at
tenton Of our manufacturers. He says
Enclosed is a letter addressed to me by the Hon.
Salvador Camacho Roldan, Secretary of Foreign Re-
laons on the subject OF reduction OF the duty on
Colombian tobacco in the United States in exchange
for the free admission of American beer. and reduc
ton OF twenty five per cent Of the duty on American
dry goods imported into this country As far as the
trade with this country is concerned the Importance
of the proposition cannot be oyerestimated As DIR.
Camacho points out dry goods form the bulk of the
importations into this country, and am satisfied
that. az they would all have to be bought III the
United States under reduction of twenty-five per
cent in duty, all the other trade would follow. Nor
would the free admission of American beer form an
uncomfortable item, for beer OF all kinds IL kept
out by the prohibitive duty. and the free
admission Of American beer would cause large
in position to state how much the duty
on Colombian tobacco can be reduced but am salts
ported into the United States would be inconsidera
bic. But il have American dry goods admitted
with reduction OF duty of twenty five per cent
everything which this country will buy will have to
come from the United States. Situated as am here
/ can clearly the time coming when everything
worthy Of the name of commerce will be transacted
with or through the United States; when the rail
roads. bridges and other public improvements In
all the advantages resulting from exchange of com
modities will accrue to our people.
COMPLAINT OF THE PERUvIANs.
Mr.. Gibbs writes from Lima in Peru, another COM
plant of the destructive effect Of tariff our
commerce. He says
Whenever American manufactures have been
brought in contact with European products they
have been acknowledgements and furniture prin-
cipally. with some hardware-there being doubt
Of their superiority but the trade is held back, for
returns cannot be sent to the United States account
Of the tariff One Of the principal sugar planters said
from the United States to be superior to that Of
Europe. and he added must get my wants sup
Piled to make my sugar from the country that buys
from me-
He shows that the Peruvian government would be
glad to make commercial treaty with ours, and con-
tinues:--
On the 14th instant the President through aide
de-camp, informed that he wished to have an in
terview with me. called at the government house
and met the President. His Excellency referred to
various conversations that we had held on the man
ner Of extending and improving commercial relations
between the two countries. and desired TO know If
there was any manner of making reciprocal treaty
for or two important products of both repub-
lics-wheat and barley from the United States and
sugar from Perjury the free introduction OF these
articles and reduction by the United States on Pc
ruvan sugars The President stated that he person
ally and the country were very DESTROYS Of doing
erythng possible to increase the volume of trade
to and from the United States.
POLITICAL POWER OF THE souTH-wHAT HAS
BEEN GAINED BY NEGRO ENFRANcHIsEMENT--
THE CHANGE IN THE POLITICAL POSITION OF
SOUTH CAROLINA ACCOUNTED FOR.
Senator Butler, Of South Carolina in conversation
yesterday concerning the debate tho Blaine
resolution, remarked
would like to call the HERALDs attention to the
inaccuracy Of the statement to the unjust increase
and predomnance Of political Of the South II
has been affirmed that thirty've of these represen-
tatives assigned to the Southern States
Of he colored population under the late constitu,
fir, du1puf his n ha orpd
population Of the Southern States have been repre-
scented in this government almostfr its foundation
Whether that representation right wrong. fair
unfair just unjust to the other sections Of the
Union, we need not now consider. 1t is an important
fact in this discussion. which has been adrotly kept
out of view in the effort to create "solid North.
The of 1870 places the colored population in
the South at 44S54!8; tnree-hfths OF that number
would be 1851 285, which entitled to representa-
ton under the old constitution; that 1,794 1873
would be the increase made by the enfrlnchsement
Of the negroes under the late amendments to the
stitution.
This number. reduced by the then apportionment.
would give only thirteen representatives. repre-
senting the increased political power Of the South,
instead Of thirty-fv considerable whiting down
OF the published statement.
In the year 1860 the late slaveholdng States
tributed to the Electoral College 120 members. In
1870 the same States had in the Eectora College las
members Deduct two rUr the senators from West
Virginia and you have 1856. 10 more than in 1850.
| But if your turn to the State Of Missouri alone
hnd nas sns W an s M m e IN the
ored population decreased 49, This increase Of the
white population will account for the difference of
three in my former estimate and shows the increase
by reason OF the Acknowledgement Of the colorcd
population to be IL instead OF 49,
CHANGE IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
Furthermore. the gentlemen who wish for .
sectional agitation profess to be asonished at the
great change In tho party vote in South Carolina
But Northern men ought to remember that in
State the republican administration was overthrown
in 1876; the democrats had been in power for
eighteen months, and in that time they had made
vitality important reforms of which single example
will give you idea. The total legislative expenses
under the corrupt and wasteful republican adj
ministration were in 1901, in round numbers
Ss22 900; in 1912 81 900; in 1872 >. S9O8, O00 in
1874. s9220Oo and in 1877, under the democratic ad
ministration they were ut once reduced to sSi096.
Not only this but the people relieved of robbery and
taxation, satisfied. white as well az black. The
negroes are secure all their rights They have re-
turned to industry from the unceasng political ex
element and are comfortable.
A letter which show you from the Superintendent
of Instruction shows that the attendance Of colored
children at the public schools in the State has in
creased under the democratic administration nearly
thirteen thousand over the attendance under the
publican administration. Nor this all. The
republicans had no State ticket in the field: they
were disorganized; the colored men, who must be
allowed by Northern men to have some sense. saw
the great improvement in local administrations and
besides this they were dissatisfied with the republic
can candidates for some peculiar reasons. For in
stance, in the Of Raney. running Congress
he Is Of color. who is disiked by his people,
because they say, he really lives in Connecticut
and keeps his family there. away from association
with the people whom he expects to vote for him.
CHANGES NORTHERN STATES.
All these causes combined are surely sufficient to
account for political change which is after ALL
greater than has happened in many Northern States
more sudden, these instances which will give
you will show:-In 1872 Massachusetts, gave a rcpub-
can majority Of 74,274 but two years after demo-
cratic majority OF 1922 change of 81 36 votes.
Ohio went republican in 1872 by 1881 and demo
cratic in 1874 by 17,202-a change of "a, 733 votes
New York went republican in 1872 by 451 and DEM
ocratic in 1874 by 50,3l7a change 1916 1863 votes
Pcnnsy gave in 1872 1877 T4s republican major
iy and two years after 4,679 democraca change Of
142,427 votes. Indiana went republican in 1872 by
22v7 and democratic in 1874 by 252-a change OF
49, 759 And yet in not one Of these States had the
voters title OF the for the great change in
opinion which VIGOROUSLY exist in South Carolina.