The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1878-04-04

sock to sock all day when once started,
and never for moment calls for human
aid. The yarn can be so arranged as to
knit striped or figured socks, and the cost
per pair for Knitting ia oae-third Of mil.
In 1910 twenty men were employed in
making q wood screw, and these men
turned out as a task $4,000 screws daily.
Two girls can now in day by machinery
turn out 200,0 900 screws, of a better quail
ty and all pointed like gimlet so as to
bore their own holes in the wood when
used.
twenty-five years ago in New England
all shoes were made by hand, and man
seldom sat at the bench all day, but
usually piled some other trade till night
fall, and then went to his lasts. To-day
thousands of men and women are EN-
ployed daily in perfecting piece of the
shoe by machinery, whilst they are un-
able to do anything on the shoe by
hand.
Forty-6ve millions of pairs of sewed
shoes and ffty-fve millions Of pairs of
pegged shoes were made and sold by the
manufacturers of tho United States in
1877, and eighty-ive per cent. of the
work done on these shoes was done by
machinery. The uppers are cut out by
hand, simply because of the yariableness
of the quality of the leather in the same
skin. The soles are cut out by machine
ry, and the binding, pasting, closing,
crimping, stitching, heeling and polish
ing are all done by machinery without
the aid of human hand.
The strongest sewed shoes are stitched
with wire screw thread, each stitch be-
ing actually screwed in and the screw
cut off by an automatic machine, the ex-
act thickness. of the sole, whether it be
thin as in the shank or thick as under
the ball Of the foot, or still thicker as
through the heel.
Nine hundred pegs are driven in q
shoe in minute. Four hundred and
fifty thousand bushels of pegs were used
last year, and all made by machinery.
The pegs in four pairs of mems shoes
cost one cent.
The cost of shoes is no less now t. an
when made by hand, because labor is
much higher and leather is dearer. In
1855 it cost Si2.25 to make pair of ladies'
CATERS of the finest quality. Now the
same shoe can be made for $3.50. Then,
females did most of the binding and
stitching at 30 cents per day; now they
get S1.30 per day for attending the ma
chinery. Then, men who lasted and did
the sewing got 81 per day, now they get
$3.50. The stock in such shoes is now
worth so per cent. more than it was in
1855. Then q man by hand made six
| pairs women's shoes in day; now one
man and boy or woman will by ma
chinery maxi. twenty times as much.
So perfectly is everything made for this
kind of manufacture, that neither time
nor scrap of material is lost. Last fall
shoe manufacturer was burnt ont in
Lynn on Wednesday. Thursday he re-
ceived his insurance and rented another
house; Friday, ordered his new machin-
cry from Boston, only nine miles off; re-
ceived it on Saturday; put it up on Mon
day, and on Tuesday had all his force at
work turning out as many pairs of shoes
as he had done before the fire., 400
pairs every day. There is royalty of
two cents on every pair of pegged, and
of three and g. quarter cents on every
| pair of sewed shoes made by machinery.
There were over si8,000,000 worth of
leather exported in 1877, and yet heavy
| duty is levied upon leather.
There were 2,O0O,0 900 lasts made in the
United States in 1877, all turned by ma
chinery.
In the manufacture of cotton and
woolen goods ninety hands now in sixty
hours do the work that two hundred and
fifty-six hands did in seventy-six and a
half hours fifteen years ago, and though
their wages have increased forty per cent.
the cost of manufactured articles has been
greatly reduced. 1t costs three and q half
cents per yard to make calico, and Wanr-
sutta goods are now sold in the London
market, but yet the policy Of our govern
ment thinks it proper to impose duty
of from thirty to fifty per cent. upon all
classes of cotton and wooden goods.-
| Ne,rs and Courier.
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