The New York herald., 1878-02-28

interest intended 10 be fostered and protected
by this bill may be realized. and any
measure which will materially benefit this vast COM
will not fail TO bc scnsiby felt in relieving
tho country from It's present financial and Industrial
emDarrassments. The most OF this commerce is now
carried by railroads and other corporations, each
haviog, 10 some extent at least, a monopoly OF the
carrying business over its particular route. but
IN most though not IN ALL instances tie
evils which might result from the monopolies
are mitigaied by competing lines Of cation.
All oil these corporations, when not restrained by
legislative authority, can dscrinnaie In freight rates
charges IN favor o and against whom they please,
and may in this way benefit persons and places
and places as may suit their interests
or incilnations This, in iaci has been SO often
done with results so injurious to many to call for
the passage OF some law 10 prohibit and TO punish
such discriminaons One OF tho objects OF the bill is
siuered Interstate freight ana commerce-that
10 to say, properly carried by railroads
clude steamboats, and all other water craft when
wholly or partly carried by such railroads or other
from or to any foreign nation country, IRON or
into any State or States Territory Territories
OF the United states. or IN or through two or moro
States or Territories OF the United States, or
from within one state or Territory Of the
United states into or through one or more
other States Territories OF tho United Statcs and
In order that the provisions OF act shall be
evadsd or defeated II Is provided that It shall be
unlawful for such common carriers to mako any
combins stion, connection, contract. arrangement
or schedule, or 10 cause any delay IN car
rage, or do any other net or thing with
iDteni 10 evade any PROVISIONS OF tho act with in
tent 10 prevent any such carriage from being ono
substantially continuous carrage and II Is provided
rates. facilities and charges shall be equal to
all shippers; and It is also provided that
freights than Charged ior freight in any state
through which thoy are passing having reference 10
identity OF time and similarity OF freghts and SER
vices, and that equal facilities suall be allowed
each. .a1
The bill also provides that as to such interstate
ireghts shall be charged for their for
shorter than Tor longer in the colnpeti.
tion OF railroads especially PRACTICE very general
on long roads and between remote centres
OF trade. These charges often low as 10 os un.
remunolstve aud The composition TOR such freight !:
ono OF the fruitful causes OF what has been called
the raiiroad wars which have often proved so nJu-
rious, not 70 say disastrous, both 10 The competing
the communities involved IN them. Tho blll
has for It's OBJECT the correction OF great aud
sriminations OF common carriers against Shippers
who arc entitled 10 equality OF terms. IL imposes no
Carriers IL does not attempt TO regulate
and tx a maximum or minimum OIL rates
OF freight and charges to deal in matters of detail
as to transportation. Tho bill requires among other
things, that all persons or corporations engaged IN
business as u common carrier snail keep posted
station in every. o,.y or village having a
population OF 1000, through or 10 which
nss nss may run dessa "a % sonedue o. ,aria r1.s.
notice. Tho proh.htions against carrying freight at
less than schedule rates arc not TO apply TO govern
pubic fairs or charitable purposes
The committee quote authority TO show that Con-
gross have the power 10 enact such q law as they
propose and argue that, Congress only furnish
the remedy for the evils cited, the time has como
when this duty should be performed.
THE RETIREMENT or NATIONAL BANK NOTES.
Tho House Committee on Banking ana Currency
to-day agreed upon certain smendmonts the bin TO
retire the circulating notes OF banks and Tor othcr
purposes heretofore reported, the important OF
which is embodied In the following additional scc-
toni
SECTION g. Hereafter IN all payments OF customs
duties two thirds OF the sum SO payable shall be paid
In coin OF the United Statcs and onethird thereof
shall be PAID IN legal Madef notes or tho treasury
notes shall be exchHngeabe par for United States
legal tender notes ~ the option OF the holder at tho
Tho United states, under such regulations SEQ
retary OF the Treasury may prcscrioo.
The committee will afford an opportunity In tho
House for amendments and 4 iuli discussion OF tho
subject
THE rAplFF BILL.
The Committee OF Ways and Means to-day acted
finally on the sugar schedule Of ths Tarin bill. To-
morrow tho committee VII proceed 70 consider nlk
and silk goods. -s:-ye 49,, 81 - ie r
THE p1srnIcr subcxsfite FOR rHs SOUTHERN
DISTRICT OF NEW YORK.
Ethan Allen, Of New York, called upon the Presi-
dent Secretary Evarts and Attorney General Devins
to-day and presented the name Of Thomas Simons
District Judge for the Southern district of New York,
in place Of samuel BIachiord, and ho received such
TO lead 70 she belief that the appoint
ment will be made. Mr. simons was formerly as
sstant United States Attorney at New York after
ward came with Edwards Pierrepons TO the Attorney
Generals ofnca
SPECIMEN OF THE NEW SILVER DOLLAR.
Dr. Linderman. Director Of tho Mint has received
from Philadelphia specimen OF the silver dollar
II ts regarded as marked Improvement In design
over all other dollars previously conod Tho Director
is awaiting anxiously donnte action the bill now
before tho President TO govern tho operation
she mints in tho anticipated requirement.