davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
The Eyesight.

DIR. Edward G.. Loring's essay, emit
tied, As the Human Eye Changing its
Form under the influence of Modern
Educarion?" read before the Social
Science Convention and the New York
Medical Society, tend to show that the pc
ried for development of myopia is from
the 10Th to the 18th year, just at the
time when the body, as whole, is de-
veloping most rapidly. The investing
membrane of the eye, which is elastic
at this period of life, yields to the press
ure of the watery contents of the eye
ball, which are increased by continued
ening of the eye, or near-sightedness.
What is more, this distention will take
place under an amount of application,
during the years of early youth, which,
at little later period, would not only
produce no effect, but which might be
increased many fold with impunity.
After the 18th or even 10th year,
when the investing membrane
of the eye has become firm
and unyielding, over-study may
produce other and graver diseases of
tHC eye, DuJ IL VIII ilpt DiOuICt HttI :
sightedness. From this, it follows di-
rectly, that the simplest, indeed the only
method of preventing an increase in
near-sightedness, if the present high
standard Of instruction is to be preserv-
ed in force, is to lessen the amount of
work done by school-children during
the period of life from to 16 years, and
to restore the equilibrium, if necessary,
by increasing the amount of study after
that time, or better still, by increasing
the period of time devoted to study. 1t
is by complying with these conditions,
whether consciously or unconsciously,
that the English have become so emf
nently a literary people, and still, as a
people, so free from myopia. While,
on the other hand, it is the violation of
these laws and their teachings-that is,
by compelling the young of both sexes
to undergo large amount of study at
a tender age-which has made Germa-
ny, without doubt, the shoItest-sighted
nation in the world.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
FOREIGN. 100


J. &c G.. Ritterhausen, of Hamburg, Ger
many, cotton importers, recently failed in
business, and both members of the firm
committed suicide.
George Cruikshank, the well known En-
glish draughtsman and caricaturist, is dead.
The peace preliminaries and armistice
were signed at AdrianOple on the Slst of
January, although no official announcement
Of the fact was made until the Sd inst.
The bases of peace are as follows :
l. The erection of Bulgaria into a princi-
pality. ,. A war indemnity, or territory, in
compensation. 5. Independence of Rou-
mania, Servia and Montenegro, with an in
crease of territory for each. 4. Reforms in
Bosnia and Herzegovina. 5. An ulterior
understanding between the Sultan and Gar
regarding the Dardaneiles. 6. The evacua-
ton Of Danubian fortresses and Erzeroum
The news Of the signing of the armistice
was received with great rejoicing at st. Pc
tersburg. The city was decorated by day
and illuminated by night. At Constantine
pie the news was received with signs of quiet
satisfaction.
Greece has marched an army of several
thousand men over the Turkish frontier from
LAMA, with the avowed intention of pro-
tecting Greek subjects. The Turkish COM
manders have been instructed not to obstruct
the movement OF Greek troops.
1t is announced that a conference of the
Powers is TO be held at Vienna, at which all
the questions arising out of the war with be
settled.
Ten persons were suffocated or trampled
to death during panic caused by an alarm
OF fire at circus at Calais, France, on the
night Of the Sd.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
New Leather Material.

The novel kind of fabric invented by
NJ. HOreau, and known as cork leather,
is shown to possess qualities of adapta-
bility which are likely to lead to its ex-
teEsive introduction, for certain pur-
poses, in place of the ordinary or
natural substances.
This material consists, simply, of thin
sheets of cork covered on both sides
with an extremely light india-rubber
skin, with any ordinary textile fabric
outside of all, the whole becoming one
quasi-homogeneous tissue; and, al
though the cork sheets in their normal
state are readily permeable by water,
friable and brittle, and endowed with
very little cohesion or strength, having
only the positive qualities of lightness
and nonconduction of heat, yet, when
subjected to NJ Horeau's process, the
result is said to be an extremely supple
and strong fabric, and, while still re-
tanning its lightness and impenetrability
to heat, is rendered water and moisture
proof.
1t is proved, too, that this new fabric
may be crumpled up, rubbed and wrung
like calico or linen in the wash, doubled
up any number of times and hammered
with mallet, without injury, and the
interior web OF. cork, which is the basis
of the fabric, neither cracks nor tears in
any way, but preserves its unity. The
external appearance varies with the ma
r1re of the textile article used in combi-
n ,tiOn
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
An unseaworthy vessel.
A special from Norfolk says:

A special from Norfolk says:
The story of the wresk is one of hor-
ror. 1t speaks with no uncertain words,
and will cause Just and righteous in
dignation against those who put at the
mercy of the ocean waves 250 lives IN a
vessel that was in every respect unsea-
worthy; that was as rotten as punk and
that could we'll be likened to death
trap. Owners, contractors and United
States inspectors are responsible, and
they should be held to strict account.
The route over the beach was thickly
studded with the newly made graves of
the victims. They were marked with
rude boards, and in some instances were
buried five and six in a grave. In the
immediate vicinity of the scene was the
true realization of the terrible word
s'wreck," and to the shame of humanity
and civilization, there was vandalism,
the evidences of which were hard to be-
lieve. 1t was ghoulism almost incredi-
BILE, committed mostly by negro resi-
dents of the beach, and close by, aided
by number of whites.
THEY TOOK ALL THE YALUABLEs,
and even clothing, from the dead bodies
that had been washed ashore. The sa-
cred person of a female was not bar
to the worst sort of barbarism. There
was a very large South American mail
on board. Iii understood that regis
tered letters, receipted for by the pur-
ser, contained about S150,00O in money,
drafts, etc. The Assistant Postmaster
at Norfolk went to the scene of the
wreck, to look after the interest of his
department, and found of eleven bags
containing mail matter on3 board, ten
were washed ashore; but he only sue
ceeded in recovering two-one intact,
and the other was being used as to-
bacco bag by one of the survivors. The
contents were missing and nothing
could be found of the other bags or their
contents. Parties on the beach say the
bags were cut open and rihed of their
contents. Letters, after being opened,
were strewn along the beach.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
EAST AND SOUTHEAST.

A surplus Of $4,000 Of the Brandon, Vt,
National Bank has been wiped out and its
capital of S2O0, 600 impaired 10 per cent. by
the action of the late cashier, d. c. Baseom,
in letting J. c. Bschelderhsve about $780,
600, part on raised notes. BascOm hrs left
town.
A violent snow-storm occurred through
out the Middle and Eastern States on the last
day Of February, seriously impeding rail-
road travel on nearly all lines. Along the
coast the storm was the most severe
that has occurred for years, and caused
great distress among mariners and probably
some loss of life. on Coney Island New
York; eight persons were drowned by the
waves running 90 high upon the beach as to
wash away the houses. Several summer re-
sorts were entirely destroyed, and from
Sandy Hook to Long Branch on the Jersey
coast the shore was lined with wrecks OF
summer-houses and other structures. 3 y
Joseph Woods was hanged at Malone, n.
Y, on the LIST, for the murder Of stephen
Woods.
The Providence County Savings Bank, of
Pawtucket, r. l., has been enjOined from
doing further business on account of i'm
paired capital
John Smith, alias Lew. Mooring (colorcd),
was hanged at Chester, S. c., on the LIST, for
the murder of Bergin Conger in December,
1877.
-Four children Of Thos. Cassidy, occupying
one bed in New York tenement house, were
suffocated on the night Of the 4th by the bed
clothes taking fire from thestOve. Two died;
the other two may recover. The eldest was
aged years, the youngest 10 months.
Harry Genet, another well known mem
Der of the New York Tammany Ring, who
absconded about the time set for his trial,
has returned and given bail.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
{" No Party Tonight"

They met by chance, not in the usual
way, for Aunt Hannah and Mary Simp-
son seldom came in contact. Last
evening the former, with basket heavi-
ly charged with charcoal, bumped
against Mary It was at the intersec-
ton of Floyd and Green Streets, near
the home of the old lady, who relieved
herself of her burden and said:
s'Lal chile, whar am ye gwineP"
"To de play party"
"WharP''
s'At Brodder Williams's house."
"Say, am you tellin' de true story,
chileP Is Bill Williams gwine to give q
play party Tonight"
"Well, it don't come off unless I'm
thar. | amt invited, but | expect dat
Brodder Williams would be surprised to
see me. Say, chile, / think that play
party will be put off"
whats that, aunty?"
"Nothin' much you go home, chile,
dat play party is gwine to be postponed "
"Why?"
"Do We see dis COAL" said the elder
party, pointing to her basket. 81 les
got dat to iron off Bill Williams's shirts.
He said he was gwine to Frankfort IN
de mornin' and needed EN-. La! he
owes me over S1.10 now for washin',
an he hasn't got clean shirt to put on
How's he gwine to do a big thing at a
play party widOut a shirt? He can't,
an Aunt Hannah amt gwine to let him.
I'm a talkin'; you heah me, chileP"
The old lady took up her basket again
and trudged homeward, mutterinS;
"Play party, indeed! He'd better
pay me for eleanin' dem clothes he wore
in the Work-house Well, dere amt
no play party tonight if Aunt Hannah
am awake"
Somebody must have been awake, for
certainly there was no "play party at
the house of William Williams last
night. A number of colored folks were
disappointed, who can receive morsel
of satisfaction by consulting Aunt Han
nah. She still insists that no "play
party" will ever occur at the Williams
mansion unless she has an invitation, as
well as dollar or so besides.-LOHiS-
UiLLe COurier-,JO1tTnGL.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
Science and Industry.

Paterson, New Jersey, is making
six locomotives for New Zealand.
Chicago and Louisville are the only
pork-packing centers that show an IN
crease over last years operations.
"A Hubbardston, Mich, man sup
plies English manufactures with the
maple for making rollers for printing
calico. He ships large quantities of it.
There were more miles of railway
constructed in Iowa in 1877 than in any
of the other States, except California
and Minnesota. The figures are
Iowa, 1876; California, 800; Minnesota,
49,.
The good result of rigid inspection
of steam boilers is shown in Pennsylva-
MIA, where there has not been a single
accident the past year, though repairs
were ordered in As cases where eXplo-
sions were liable to occur.
&C. f. L. Hayward, of Peterboro,
n. II has won over $1,000 in premi-
ums during the past year on his fine ex-
hibitions of rare and fancy fowls, lead
ing in excellence, variety and numbers
at every fair and poultry show in New
England.
The three Touring mills in opera
ton at Red Wing, Mimi, consume 5000
bushels of wheat daily, from which l.
200 barrels of flour are made; at this
rate in one year they will consume l.
100000 bushels of wheat and put up
100000 barrels Of flour.
Women will never get rich by max
ing corSets in HartfOrd-nOr probably
anywhere else. The rates are % cents
per dozen, and the cotton, which must
be bought of the corset manufacturer,
is deducted from this sum. There are
Is stitches to the inch and 5000 stitches
in one corset. An experienced needle
woman can complete half-dozen in 4
day and thus earn 125 cents.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07

loaded, at his brother Samuel, and
pulled the trigger. The ball entered
Samuel's leg, causing a wound which
may prove, fatal-.Thomas Moore, who
resides near Mohicansville, Ashland
County,O., while out hunting, let his
gun slip from his hands, and the load
was discharged into his abdomen, pass
ing upwards and lodging In his chest
near the neck. The wound was thought
to be fatal.--A young man named Rich
ardsOn was out hunting near Lewisburg,
KY, and while looking among some
briars for 2, bird which ne had shot, the
hammerof his gun caught IN bush and
the gun was discharged, the contents
taking effect IN his left side, killing him
instantly Frank Mock, of Danyille,
Ky, was fatally Shot while out hunting
A companion handed him his gun, muz-
zle first, when it was accidentally dis
charged the whole load entering his
breast.IJamesr Van Garden, of Clare,
Mich, accidentally shot himself while
climbing over a log, intieting fatal
wound.
Some. remarkable suicides: Will
liam Plank, a farmer and owner of a
saw-milI iii Green Township, Noble
County, lind, committed suicide by
holding the muzzle of a gun to his breast
and touching the trigger with stick.
Financial embarrassmentS are assigned
as the cause.-Christian Rodelanter, an
old resident of Michigan City, Ind,
committed suicide by cutting his throat
with razor. The cause is said to have
been domestic difiiculties.+-At Swans
Station, short distance from Fort
Wayne, Ind, a stranger went to the
hotel, took room without registering
and then shot himself, the bal
taking effect in the right
temple, killing him instantly
There was nothing on his person by
which he could be identified or to show
the cause.-Miss Carrie Selvelbrine
aged about q, committed suicide by
jumping into the Ohio River from thu
steamer Gen. Pike, while on sway (
Louisville, at a point about 40 mile.
from Cincinnati. Herfather committed
suicide some years ago.-Park Owe, {
very respectable and wealthy farmer
residing near Cambridge, o., committed
suicide by cutting his, throat. Finan
cial embarrassment is assigned a.
the cause.-Frank Andrews, wei
known young man of Kalamazoo, Mich.
went home the other morning and sale
to his family 'Don't be surprised if
should bea corpse before night " H,
then lay down and exhibited unmistak
able evidences of poisoning by stryeh
nine, which he had taken with suicida
intent. The proper remedies were pre-
scribed, and. it was thought he nigh
recover.-Joseph Sehaeffer, a promi
nent citizen, formerly Register of Deed;
of Columbia County, Wis, shot him
self Deceased was i. Comparatively
wealthy, but had fits of dependency
during one of which he committed th'
deed He leaves a wife and sever
| CuIIuTeH. . b % - .t -..
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
foreign Notes.

Queen Victoria has conferred the
Order of the Garter on King Humbert.
The young King and Queen of Spain
have set an excellent example in declin-
ing to be present at the great bull-tight
given in honor of their marriage, at
Madrid. r..-.r....... ......t. .t .it
The English Order of the Garter is
a broad scarlet, close-ftting collar, worn
at the throat like a dog-collar, instead
of at the knee, where garters are usually
worn. .'iI"i
The censorship of the press is ae-
lively carried on at Madrid. Most of
the Paris papers, and the Ind pendence
Beige, were stopped one day last month,
and the kilograms give as much intelli-
gence as the Government thinks proper,
and no more.
The whole of the property of Gus
tave Courbet existing in France at the
moment of his death has been seized by
the Exchequer to contribute towards the
expenses of rebuilding the Vendome
Column, for which he was pronounced
by the law courts to be liable.
The late Lord Mayor of London,
besides his " allowance" of Is, 600, was
provided with three new robes, VIZ: a
violet train gown, at a cost of I'll 1SS.
Cd. (; a velvet reception robe, at cost Of
f65 Is; a state train robe, at cost of
fI13 1Ss.Aor a total cost for the three
of nearly $1,000. I'd. Zur. .5-....a 10.
-Mengoni, the Italian architect, was
killed a few days ago by falling from
the top of % new arch on the Milan
cathedral. He was experimenting the
erection of a cornice, and, stepping back
to Judge of the effect, a board gave way
and he was precipitated to the pave
ment. He was 40 years old, and his
death is regarded all over Italy as ma
tional loss. .'i' .'
Letters from Holland state that the
royal family are divided on the subject
of entering the German Confederation.
The King opposes it, and the Prince of
Orange anu several other members of
the family favor it. Bismarck is said
also to desire the annexation to Ger
many of the Dutch colonies, in order
that emigrating Germans may 90 to
them and still remain Germans, instead
of expatriating themselves to the United
States and becoming lost as German
subjects. .... g.. .I .tf-.eE
Berlin had fine sleighing in Christ
mas week, and a correspondent writes
that one of the turnOuts surpassed any
thing he ever, saw-of that description.
The horses were adorned with scarlet
coverings, which extended from their
collars and hoated gracefully, sustained
by the rapid motion, to the tips of their
tails. In the front of the sleigh were
two gorgeously arrayed footmen, and
ON an elevated seat behind was an equal
ly gorgeous coachman.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
WEST AND SOUTHWEST.

The Secretary of the St. Louis Gotten Elk
change warns cotton dealers and producer,
in the Southwest against certain parties who
have mailed circulars from that city solicit
ing consignments Of cotton, and using the
name of the st. Louis Cotton Exchange
The names printed on the circulars are S.
II. Bransen, President, Joseph Pollock
Vice-President, and d. II. Rupert, Secre-
tary, none.of whom are known to the bust
ness men of st. Louis.
The trial of Gen. Anderson, of the late
Louisiana Returning Board, was begun at
New Orleans onthe 29th. The jury is COM
posed of 10 white and two colored men. Up
TO that date Wells had not put in his APP
pearance.
Rumsier, one of the proprietors of sa-
loon and clearinghouse in Bloomington,
H., which was burned on the morning of
the Both, lost his life in the burning build
ing. Tommy Howard, the bartender, bare
ly saved his life by jumping from an upper
window, after his right arm and side had
been burned almost to a crisp.
The First National Bank of Kansas City.
Mo-, H. NJ. Holden, President, suspended
on the SOth, caused, as alleged, by the with
drawal of over $50, 900 in deposits within a
few days previous The officers, in pub
lished card to the public, say that all depos-
itors may rest assured Of being paid in full
in due time. The Commercial National Bank
followed in the wake of the First National
and also closed its doors, attributing It's ina
bility to pay TO a similar cause. The latter
was only small concern.
Two masked men robbed the stage be-
tween Fort Worth and Weatherford, Texas,
on the 18th. Five passengers handed over
500 in cash, three gold watches, and other
Taluables.
TheTopeka Bank and Savings Institute,
of Topeka, Kansas, State bank, closed its
doors on the SlSt; also, the Merchants Ma
tional Bank of Fort Scott, Kansas. y 40
William Wieners was hanged in st, Louis
on the LIST, for the murder.of A. ". Law
renee, barkeeper at the Theater ComiqUe
in that city, in January, 1877. Before he was
swung Off be made short speech, saving:
" MY Friends-I have TO bid you goodbye
committed asFash act, bat not eold-biOod
ed one, as God is my witness; but it has at
last led me 10 the scaffold l hope that all
men will take warning nv my fate aud let
bad whiskyaloue.S IhepethAt shsil he the
last one that perishes on this scaffold. Good
bye" s.FFF -s 90
Philip Watson, colered. who murdered
his wife with a Ratchet, last September, was
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07

Applicants for admission to the
Swathmore College for Girls, conduct
ed by Quakers, must promise not to wear
false hair.
The only female preacher settled
in New Hampshire is Rev Mrs. S. NJ.
Perkins, of the West Concord UNIVERSAL
ist Church.
They teach the pupils the best way
to make their own dresses at the Lasell
Seminary for Young Women at Auburn
dale, Mass.
Mrs. Mackenzie, wife of the Cana
dian Premier, has given two gold med
ais to a girls school at Ottawa, as prizes
for courses in domestic economy and
plain sewing.
DIR. Samuel Eliot, once President
of Trinity College, Hartford, and a
cousin of President Eliot, of Harvard,
has been elected Superintendent of the
Schools of Boston.
An encouraging sign of the adj
vance of education in the South is the
fact that the Mississippi State Universe
ty at Oxford contains nearly 400 stu
dents, where there were less than 200
last year.
With a regular attendance of over
$500 scholars, Atlanta, Ga, boasts more
school-children than any other city of
its size in the South, and the schools of
both races are very prosperous.
Mr.. Flood, the wealthy Roman
Catholic, of San Francisco, held a
mortgage on the Tabernacle Presbyte-
rian Church for 100000. The Taber-
nacle had to be sold under foreclosure,
as the interest had long been unpaid.
Mr. Food bought it in, and then pre-
sented it to the congregation.
The Siamese Government has APP
piled to Mr. B. g. Northrop, of Hart
ford, for information in regard to the
Chinese students now in this country,
with a view to sending 80 sons of
Siamese Princes and Mobiles to be edu-
Gated in American institutions.
The Milan exchange. (Milan, Gibson County, Tenn.) 1874-1978, 1878-02-07
AOueer Convention of Crows.

Passengers on the S:35 train bound
south Friday morning looked with won
der upon flock of about 500 crows all
huddled tOgetL er on the ice south of
Low Point, and about 600 feet from the
shore. They faced each other about
half and half, and were so close together
that they jostled against each other in
hopping about. About ten feet west of
them sat large baldheaded American
eagle perched upon a cake of ice which
had been thrown upon the main body of
the ice by the action of the wind and
tide. 1t looked as though the eagle had
by common consent been appointed
Chairman of the convention, and that
something of an important nature was
taking place. So intent was this strange
convention upon the business in hand
that neither the roar of the train nor the
shrek of the engines whistle disturbed
it in the least. The sun shOne full and
bright upon the singular spectacle, and
the dignity and solemnity of the pre-
siding officer were remarked by all. On
no part of the ice surrounding, for
long distance, could be seen dead
carcass of any kind, nor was there any
open water visible, in which the crows
or eagle could fish. 1t was perhaps a
labor convention, devising ways and
means for appeasing immediate hunger.
We watched them till the train shot out
of sight around a curve, and the Chair
man was still on the platform. and the
members of the Convention were still
huddled together. 1t is probable they
were in executive session." and we
shall never know the cause of the
novel gathering -Poughkeepsts (N. ~
En0Ze