davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
Singular Reform" Transactions.

The chairman of the democratic commit
tee of Marion county, comprising the city of
indianapolis, Indiana, brings to light little
matter of history connected with the Tilden
reform campaign of 1876, which is highly
interesting reading in that state, where a
vigorous canvass is making, and which is
not less interesting to the public generally.
1t will be remembered that at the last Presi-
dental election several negroes were shot
down at the polls in Indianapolis by gang
of democrats. We now get an explanation
Of that transaction from good democratic
authority. The facts in regard to the Til
suit against the county committee, instituted
by the chairman, to recover 81 ,432.96, which
he paid out of his own pocket to discharge
committee obligations, but which they have
refused to refund to him. The chairman,
DR.. Fuller, sets forth in his complaint that
the committee assured him that they were
promised large sums of money from the
East, and that il in the meantime he would
draw upon his own means for the payment
of bills they would make it all right. He
also says that Tilden's barrels of money did
roll into Indianapolis freely just before cleo
ton, but instead of paying back to him the
money he had advanced, the committee used
it for the purpose of organizing and arming
bands of lawless and dangerous men who
were to drive away from the indianapolis
polls, and to kill in case of resistance, colored
men and other voters in the different wards
In short, according to the explicit statement
of the democratic chairman of the county
committee, it was the Mississippi plan Of
doing business, paid for with the money
of Samuel J. Tiden. The shape the thing
has taken naturally causes quite furry
among the indianapolis democrats, and it is
reported that a number of them have agreed
to pay DIR. Fuller's claims, so as to hush
up the matter and keep the case out Of
the courts, where of course, full revelation;
would be made. And this is the party that
talks about fraud"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
Indian Frauds.

For long while the existence OF extern
sive frauds, perpetrated both upon the gov
eminent and the Indians by class Of officers
known as Indian agents, has been more than
suspected. At last we have what promises
to be the beginning of the end" Indian
Inspector Hammond has recently been in
vestigating the conduct Of several OF these
worthless, and the result is that Indian Com
missioner Hayt dropped in on the Grow
agency in Dakota the other day. DIR. Liv'
ingston is agent at Crow Creek, and he and
Agent Craven at Cheyenne, and Gregory at
the lower Brule, have been conspirators to-
gether. The robberies of Indians are traced
back to 1870. They built hotel at the
government expense, and supplied it with
beef, potatoes, milk, grain and hay from the
government warehouse Livingston was a
partner with the Indian trader Hudson,
whom he supplied with the Indian goods
which were sold to the Indians. He drew
pay and rations for three hundred more In
dams than were at his agency supplied a
hotel, which they built out of government
funds, with government beef, vegetables
grain, hay, ETC. In fact, the most stipend
Gus and systematic thieving has been going
on since 1870, and DIR. Livingston has grown
immensely rich. Livingston owns con
trolling interest in three silver mines in
Nevada and about all the real property in
Yankton.
General Hammond has superseded the
agents at Crow Creek, Brule and Cheyenne
by army officers. Commissioner Hayt held
a council with Red Cloud Thursday last
Red Cloud said he and the other Indians
wanted to go to White Clay Creek, two hun
bred and sixty miles from the Missouri
river, and he was going. He wanted five
hundred cows, oxen, wagons, farm horses
and school-houses. This is not in accordanc,
with the designs of the government, blu
Red Clouds demands were endorsed b,
Commissioner Hayt and Agent Irwin, ant
will probably be granted.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
Kentucky.

BkHEA COLLEGE, July l2th, 1873.
MesSrs. Editors In a recent trip through YER
mont and Massachusetts,, in the interest of Berea
College, was constantly met with the question,
"Iiow do your colored students compare with the
white, as to scholarship" My reply has been,
"Where they have had the same advantages from
childhood there is little ifany, difference between
them" On my return home spent day in Louis
ville and visited some OF the colored schools, and
had an interview with the city superintendent Of
schools. Mr. G, II Tingley, very intelligent
gentleman, who, though not a native of Ken
lucky has resided in the state since he was twelve
years old; he is not likely to be prejudced in
favor of the colored people. From him learn
that there are thrty-six free colored schools in
the city all taught by colored teachers. He has
no hesitation in saying that these schools, in all
departments, stand equally as well as the white
schools and so far rs he can discover, color has
nothing to do with ability to learn. In the pri-
mary department the colored schools stand higher
than the white, because the eolored pupils are
older and able to endure more study. The coored
principals, he says, are as competent, in all re-
spects as the white and the teachers, though,
for lack OF experience, not on average equal to
the white, will undoubtedly come up to them in
time. One coored teacher took his school through
two years work in one year, and did it thoroughly
The city has provided for these colored schools
three large brick buildings with ten rooms in
EACH and two smaller houses. They are all I'M
der the management Of the city school board who
generally carry out the recommendations Of u
visiting committee OF colored men
Louisville is proud of its colored schools, and
Justly So Probably no city in the Union has
made more progress in this direction within six
years Many Northern cities make no such show.
ing, because they have no colored schools and few
colored people-and the few scattered among the
white schools make no display. These schools in
Louisville are maintained at an annual expense OF
Si2 600, which, AS was Informed, IL ten times as
much as the taxes paid by the colored population.
This is probably n mistake, as the colored popua.
ton of Louisville is over fifteen thousand, which
indicates over three thousand voters; and as they
pay a oapitation tax Of two dollars per head
twice as much MS white voters pay-the oaptation
tax alone would amount TO SO, 600. Their property
tax can hardly be less The sheriffs must be very
ndugent To the coored people, If they collect from
them only $1,000.
There is no high school yet in Louisville for the
eolored population, but this will come when the
demand for II becomes sufficiently pressing, or
which would be better, they will be admitted Il
the white high school At present, there Is but
one high school In Kentucky for eolored youth,
aud that Is Berea College Il. II. fAiRohuD'
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
Death of CalifOrnia's Grain King.

The telegraph announced in less than two
lines the death of a man who, until his failure,
in the spring of 1876, was called the grain
king of California. Mr.. Isaac Friendlander
was the first TO see the possibilities of the
grain trade of the Pacific coast, and he early
gained such control over it that ninetenths
of the grain shipped to Europe from Cali
fornia between 1870 and $50 passed through
his hands. He also controlled the fleet of
three or four hundred sailing vessels neces-
sary for the transportation of such vast
quantity of wheat. If these engagements
had been strictly personal, it has been esti-
mated that it would have required a capital,
in late years, of Si0,000,000 to carry on his
operations. In most cases, however, Mr..
Friendlander was only broker on an
enormous scale His failure was disastrous.
In advance of the season of 1876 he had
chartered nearly two hundred vessels, and
was obliged to fulfill his contracts at loss
of from three to five dollars per ton, involv-
ing a total sacrifice of over 81 100000. His
speculations in the wheat market were also
defeated by the partial failure of the crop,
and by the disturbance of prices caused by
the Russo Turkish war. On this account he
lost about 100000, and the combined
misfortune was too great for even his nerve
and fortune. His death will complete what
his failure began-the opening of the grain
market of the extreme West to a score OF
competing merchants, in place of its nearly
entire control by one. 1t is not likely that
the San Francisco market for wheat and
freights will ever again be subject to sudder
changes due to the varying fancies or de
sires of one man.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
A Hopeful View.


Colonel Higginson, in the July Atlantic,
gives a cheerful view of affairs at the South,
as witnessed by him in recent trip through
Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia and Florida.
Coming from an old-time abolitionist of the
most radical type, and commander of
colored troops during the war, his report
possesses unusual interest. We give the
following extracts: at may be said, 'Ah,
but the real test is, will the black voters be
allowed to vote for the Republican party T?
To assert this browning right will undoubt
eddy demand good deal of these voters it
will require courage, organization, intelli-
gence, honesty, and leaders. Without these,
any party, in any state, will sooner or later
go to the wall. As to South Carolina, can
only say that one of the ablest Republican
lawyers in the state, white man, unsus-
pected of corruption, said to me, This is
Republican state, and to prove it such we
need only to bring out our voters. For this
we do not need troops, but that half dozen
well-known Northern Republicans should
ern state. The colored voters need to
know that the party at the North has not
as they have been told, deserted them. With
this and perfectly clean list of nominees,
nominations against Hampton But
asked, would not these meetings be broken
up?' Not one of them he said. They
will break up our local meetings, but not
those held by speakers from other states. 1t
would ruin them with the nation And this
remark was afterward Endorsed by others,
white and black. When | asked one of the
| few educated colored leaders in the state,
DO you regret the withdrawal of the troops
by President Hayes p No. he said the
only misfortune was that they were not with
drawn two years earlier. That would have
put us on our good behavior, obliged us to
command respect, and made it easier to save
the Republican party. But it can still be
saved There is no teacher so wholesome
as personal necessity. In South Carolina {
few men and many women cling absolutel,
to the past, learning nothing, forgetting no
thing. But the bulk of thinking men se'
that the old Southern society is as abso
lutely annihilated as the feudal system, ant
that there is no other form of society nov
possible except such as prevails at the Nortl
and West. The dream Of re-enslaving tn
negro, if it ever existed, is like the negro
dream, il he ever had it, of five acres and
mule from the government. Both race
have long since come down to the sterl
reality of self-support. No sane Southerne
. would now take back as slaves, were the
|, offered, a race of men who have been for
| dozen years free men and voters"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
The First Duty.

The idea of Initiating the currency with a
view to increase business and improve the
times is simply absurd to any one who will
stop to reflect that the only way to give new
impulse TO dull business is to find more
customers and the way TO find more Gus
toners is to reduce prices or improve the
| quality and an initiation of the currency,
by which prices are raised, is the one sure
way to prevent any sound and permanent
| improvement. In corroboration of this, note
the following extract of a letter recently
| published in the London Times:
Complaints of American competition are still
rife, more especially in the advices from colonial
markets. In Canada, Australia and New Yea
| land, the United States manufacturers sending
in not only edge tools, implements and wood
ware, but plated goods, ammunition and other
articles, which, though dearer than English
good, are preferred by the colonsts az being
| superior in pattern or workmanship. One colo
NAL house in Birmingham is now sending orders
to the United States to the amount of $4,000 per
month for goods which were formerly obtained
entirely in this country
We have at last reached the point where
we can compete with foreign manufacturers.
Our ability to compete with them comes
with our return to the gold standard Of
values and depends upon the maintenance
of that standard. With abundant crops, low
prices, and the reorganization of our indus
tries on peace basis, prosperity will return
and return TO stay. For FIVE years great
movement of our population has been going
on---a movement away from the manufac-
turing and business centres where the war
called and left our people. The readjust-
ment TO the conditions of peace is nearly
complete. Competent observers like Mr..
Edward Atkinson and Mr.. David A. Wells
predict a speedy revival of business. The
only danger which now threatens us is the
midsummer madness which aflcts the
American Congress. 1t is the most impor.
tant business Of the next four months to
see that the men who represent us in Wash
ington next year shall not be men whose
presence in the national capital is felt to be
an impending danger during the entire SEES
sion. The advantages which we have gained
by long and painful experience must moi
be thrown away by mob of foolish politi
clans led by men like Butler and Voorhees,
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
The Best Men Needed.

We trust the Republicans of Washington
county, in laying out their work for the APP
preaching county conver ion, will not fail to
recognize the supreme necessity of selecting
their ablest and best men for these several
positions of honor and grave responsibility.
Especially does this apply to the Senators to
be chosen. By an act of Providence, in the
death of Judge Richardson, our wise custom
of renominating one of our old Senators, to
secure the benefits Of experience, has been
rendered impracticable for this year-un-
less, indeed, we give Mr.. Walton third
nomination, which would doubtless be the
wisest thing to do, provided he would con.
sent to serve. But the oiSeSt things are not
always done, and so it is well to make sure Of
the next best result From the list of Sena.
torial nominations thus far made, we Judge
that body will be composed almost entirely
Of new members. We recall but two as
having previously been members of the Sen
ate, and many of the nominees have never
seen service in the House. 1t needs but mo
ment's consideration OF the vital subjects tc
be acted upon by our next Legislature to dis
cover the criminal folly of placing any mar
in that position by reason of imaginary
claims, or because he is skilled in enlistine
a crowd of strikers in his support. The mer
possessing the largest ability and highes
wisdom in graphing with and solving the
delicate and difficult subjects of Legislation
are the men imperatively demanded and w
sincerely trust and believe none other will
be endorsed by the Republicans of Wash
ington county.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17

TnE PRESIDENT has made his second at
tempt at reform in the New York Custom
House by removing Collector Arthur and
Naval Officer Cornell, and appointing Sur
veyor A. b. Merritt to the former position,
and Deputy Naval Officer S. w. Burt to the
latter Senator Conkling will keep his face
awry over the proceeding, but as it was done
in the interests Of reform the public will
rejoice over his discontinue. A change
worked well in Boston why not in New
York The New York Times is very excited
over this change and vents its spleen in no
measured terms. The Tribune very sensibly
says while the removal of Cornell doubtless
has more or less remote connection with the
political fight of Conkling and Fenton, it is
understood the removal of Arthur will be
defended upon other grounds. An objection
long urged against Arthur was his indispo-
sition to assume personal direction of affairs
of the custom house and personal response
bility for its management. 1t is charged
that under his somewhat lax discipline the
OoIlcCtol ihliouiaoo oupOiuih"Voo "Si0 POI
mitted to conduct matters after routine and
red tape fashion, which prevented the full
success of the reforms proposed. Lately
grave charges against Deputy Collector Ly-
decker have been received in connection
with system of differentiation. Album
dant reasons for the changes made and Others
to be made will be ready for any call the
| Senate NAV make.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17

The evidence which has been produced
thus far in the defense of Fitz John Porter
seems TO be merely an extenuation of his
disobedience of orders. One order he dis,
obeyed because his troops were exhausted
Another was disregarded because it was near
evening and the direction of his movement
was through a tangled forest, in the face OF
what he alleges to be superior force of the
enemy. That is, General Porter chose to act
on his own judgment instead of the orders
of General Pope. In military discipline
there is no excuse for such action, and IL /,
impossible to conceive how Porter will bet
ter his case by the new inquiry, if this is al
he has to offer.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17
American Institute.

Ever since the session of the American
Institute of Instruction held here last year,
our people have taken no little interest in
their gatherings whenever held, and this
interest will abide with us for long time.
glance at the programme and record of
business laid out and done shows that this
year they undertook something more and
accomplished much more than mere
pleasure excursion at the Fabyan House in
the White Mountains last week Whether
the pure air of the higher regions stimulated
the Institute, and the mountains around i'm
parted their strength to the members, we
leave others to say. Certain it is that the
great object of the American Institute to
promote the interests of American education
and the efficiency of the members as teachers
and educators was well conceived in projects,
plans and work done, giving good ground
for the sort of complacent resolution of the
last day, that " this meeting of the Institute
was the largest and best hitherto held, if it
did not surpass any other that has yet met
in our country"
Besides the papers, discussions, readings
and other exercises bearing directly upon
the teachers vocation, there were resolutions
passed favoring the metric system and recon-
mending action by the various states to en-
courage its teaching in the schools reafiirm-
ing confidence in the policy of the regula.
ton of education by the state, and calling
upon Congress to aid the bureau of educa-
ton in its work, recommending for this pur-
pose the net proceeds of the public lands,
any funds received from the railroads aided
by land grants also the moneys accumulated
in the United States Treasury from the adj
ministration of the Patent Office and re-
solving that the American Institute OF
Instruction unite with the members OF
the American Pathological Association and
others in its memorial to Congress, asking
that commission of inquiry be appointed
to examine and report how far a reform
in English spelling is desirable, and wha
changes in photography, if any, may b'
I, wisely introduced into the public documents
With clear discrimination, too, and goot
Judgment, as we ueeih ~, the INSTITUTE IN
stead of the usual and formal resolution
. touching the eminent educators and mem
bers deceased during the last year. gave
simple truthful record Of their life and sci
vice in the cause of education. ANON
: these, and most prominent, is that Of our owl
= Rev. Samuel r. Hall, LII. d., who died a
:, Bloomington in June of last year, and VIII
= was clearly the father of Normal schools i
II this country and the pioneer in the plan
e. and efforts TO elevate and perfect teachers
b. methods OF teaching and schools in tn
!" United States.
The Institute chose as officers for the Gu
rent year, Isaac N. Carlton, of New Britial
AZ Coun., President, and a list of Vice-Pres
&c dents among which for our state is Pres
CO dent Hubert, of Middlebury.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17

TINS is the conclusion of the whole mat
ter Good times will come to each individ-
ual in the community just as soon as that
individual goes to work and earns at some
thing his individual share of prosperity, and
not before. Practically the coming of the
era will be fastened more by the saving of
one cord of wood, or hoeing one acre of po-
tatoes in the proper spirit, than in writing
tons of resolutions and essays, or in making
public speeches until the people weary with
much listening.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17

In Lawrence, Mass, single wooden
manufacturing concern produces every week
one million yards of dyed or printed cloths.
The weekly list of wages is 100000, 1t
employs fifty-tbree hundred persons, paying
them at an average of ninety-fve cents day
to women and girls, and one dollar and forty
cents day to men. 1t consumes five hun.
bred tons of starch, and expends 100000 for
printing and dying materials every year
The wool it requires calls for the feeces OF
ten thousand head of sheep, 1t secures food
clothing, and usually respectable savings t.
fifty-three hundred persons and their de
pendants-not less than ten thousand souli
altogether. This, with the freights paid fol
transportation of its materials and products
shows what one mill contributes to TIN
wealth, power and prosperity of the country
The wooden industry of the whole countr,
amounts to more than s200,00O,00O year.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17

The statue which the friends of the late
Jonathan Walker, Whittier's Man with
the Branded Hand" are erecting to his
memory at Muskegon, Mich will be un
veikd on August LIST, the sixtieth anniver
sary of the emancipation in the West Indies
Wendell Phillips, Fred Douglass, Parker
Pllsbury, Austin Blair and other eminent
members of the Old Guard have been in
vited to be present and participate in the
exercises. The monument is nearly tel
feet high, of Ilallowell granite, and bear
upon it stanza from Whittier's spirited
poem, while above the inscription is chiselec
the Branded Hand"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1878-07-17

"THE honorof South Carolina" says Wade
Hampton, sis committed TO fair election in
that state" The contest for Congressman
this fall will test the sincerity and value OF
this declaration, With a fair election the
Republicans would almost certainly carry
three or four districts. Let them make the
effort aud put Hampton's professions to the
test. South Carolina would be good local
ity to try the proposed plan of sending repre-
sentative Northern speakers. II Hampton
means what he says they would have a free
field and fair play.