davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1878-02-15
STATEMENT OF DOG TAX AND SHEEP FUND. N,o4g 95

The Indebtedness one year ago was sslG5 q.
Now STA 43 due from collectors with Si26 80 in
the hands OF the Treasurer, make Ss3l IL. The
Indebtedness IS sSlI %, leaving a difference In
favor Of said fund Of sl6.s7. Last year the In
debtedness was slGj /. and SIG 81 amount now
due said Iuud show guin during the year OF
Slsl 90 The above statement shows that FISH
ingUrcck. Ma tisOn, orange and SugarlOaf con-
sumcd the principal OF the fund The heavy
damages run in localities FOR certain periods OF
tue. Now II all persons, and especially Audi
tors, would cause al kiil-sheep dogs to be Killed.
or make the persons who own such dogs and re-
fuse to have them killed pay the damage, the
fund would be In good condition ana again II
the taxes were collected sheep orders could be
paid as soon as issued. We hope that this VIII
receive proper attention.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1878-02-15

4I u y 81 n Y
To county bonds sold $4,000 ~
assessing, ,managi'g &c, ofdog fund 10000
.L- N
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1878-02-15

Muslins, Tickings, shirtings, &c, &c.
always at lowest prices at |. W. Hartman )
Admission free at McKinneY's.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1878-02-15
s2rT39
PESITESTlARY AND ASYLUM.

support Of Mrs. Milton, Dauyle........... Ice 40
4" " David shay, ...... .. l-l 90
" Alex. CC.lry ... - gl
MARY Du.lry .... i5 "a
Convict IN L. 5. fcuicntiury Tor slG...... 2l2 Il
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

H1eror Last summer the rioters took osscsson of MI
Thomas A. SCOTS depot at Pittsburgh. and did raudu
lcnty and by force begin run Mr. Tom loeomo
ves officer Mr. Tom SCOTS trains, sell tickets Mr.
Tom SCOTS line and pocket the money received from the
travelling public and from shippers Of freight. and
Hhsrea The local court brbed and coereed by the
rioters into declaring good their title TO the real estate
and rolling stock the road aud thcrcupon the de eo
ntrenched in the Pittsburgh depot did style
themselves the Pennsylvania Railroad Company naming
their number President OF the PENNSYLVANIA Rail
road Company and dcrdng all efforts Of the real
to recover possession. and
Whero The Pennsylvania Legislature, having had its
called to this anomalous condition Of affairs at
the Pittsburgh depot has determined 10 investigate the
whole subject and whether the rioters shall be al.
lowed u remain In charge the station and its ap.
purenauces be restored to the original genuine Penn
sylvania corporations
Therefore by meeting Of the old directors called to.
gcther the interest Of the real stockholders by Thomas
A. Scott. 4, ius President Of the company be 1t
Rsoed That the Fraud and Force by which the rioters
secured control Of tile depot and the corrupt by
which they Influenced the decision Of the Court that
affirmed their title ought TO be exposed the truth about
the ownership the road vinicated and the criminal.
who have seized our property and embezzed reye
mes punished to the full extent OF the law; but
Rss'roi That we oppose any attack the right and
title Of the to things for the next two years
dangerous to our institutions and ruitess In Is results
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25
A Tophcavy Establishment.

Gentle and deprecatoryas IL Mr.. lIEwITTs
method of dealing with surplus army OIL
GERS, it has stirred up storm OF protests
that the existing ratio Of officers to men IL
the proper, eypedicnt and necessary ratio,
determined by authority, sanctioned 10y ex-
pcriencc, and So absolutely vital in its i'm
portance that the substitution Of any small
Ter ratio would lead to unspeakable dis
astcr.
Let us look at this ratio n little. Using
round numbers, We find that Sweden and
Norway, with total army of $4,000, have
2,sGO officers; the United States with half
that total of officers and men, have 2,l5l Of
flcers. Portugal and Roumania have each,
In time Of peace, a few thousand more III
their total armies than there are in our reg
ular army; yet the former requires but
about 800 officers, and the latter only 1000.
Holland, for her home and colonial service,
employs an army upward Of 10000 strong
but Of these only 1900 are officers fewer
than in our establishment OF 1880 Den
mark has total army about ninth less
than our own; but her officers are only
about half as numerous as ours. Great
Britain, for an army Of about 100000, has
5,40O olllcers-that iswhile her total is seven
times as large as ours, her number OF officers
Ia much less than three times as large. Ger
many with only eight times our number Of
officers, has an army sixteen times as large
Such are some of the comparisons that show
that our army is topheavy, and show, also
why our military establishment is costly
for the average cost OF maintaining an Of
ficer is obviously enormously greater than
that Of maintaining private soldier.
Mr.. HEWITT, in proposing his plan of re-
ductlons for the surplus of officers in oul
army, yet makes all his proposed reduc
tuns voluntary, and with high gratuities
No one of these officers he says, in ex
| planning his bill, "is TO 60 out Of the army
except by his free will" And again he says
we would not report any hin which reduced the mum
h"r of mnskcts INA the army below the number which wa
In the army at tho date ol tie last report of the Aiunt
General That MAS tic INST point The second point wa
that Wc would mot irce SINGLE officer the army out
the service without his avn consent. that # he did M
choose 10 go hv should remain oflccr unless in TN
| Judgment ot HE fellow officers, he WAS unnt 10 be al
| ottccr at all
Yet even this mild measure is complaine,
of ms reckless and riotous reduction. lie
Congress look at one recent fact Prior t.
the last reduction of the army, it consiste,
Of 2,26i commissioned officers and 80. 1873 en-
listed men. BY peculiar stroke o! legisla
tion tho number OF enlisted men was re
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

When the Grand Jury came into the Court
of General Sessions on Thursday, the Re-
corder addressed them in reference to their
investigation concerning the Board OF
Health. After telling them that 1t was
going beyond their duty to examine Presi-
dent CHANDLER and other witnesses In be-
half Of the board he is reported to have
said, "You are only to hear evidence in be-
half of the prosecution
In this view he differs from so high an
authority as Mr.. Justice FIELD. of the SUI
preme Court OF the United States. In n
celebrated charge to the Grand Jury Of the
United States Circuit Court in California
that distinguished jurist told the jurors
that they should receive only legal evidence
excluding all mere reports and suspicious.
Subject to this qualification" he added.
"you will receive all the evidence presented
which may throw light upon the matter UNI
der consideration, whether 1t tend to estab-
fish the innocence or guilt of the accused.
And more: II In the course OF your inquiries
you have reason to believe that there is
other evidence, not presented to you, within
your reach. which would qualify or explain
away the charge under investigation, it will
be your duty to order such evidence TO be
produced"
This appears to be just what the Grand
Jury have done In the case of the Board of
| Health. Whether Judge FIELD meant that
| they could take the testimony Of defend
ant himself may be doubted but their right
to summon and examine other witnesses in
his behalf seems clear.
Another legal authority of great weight
against the position assumed by Recorder
HACKErr is JOEL PRESTIss BISHOP, the we'll
known writer on criminal law and proce-
| durc. Aftera full examination Of this whole
subject of testimony before Grand Juries,
he declares that If defence, however spe-
cial appears before them, and they are sat
isfled of its suncency, they violate their
oath TO present all things truly unless they
ignore the proposed indictment. They
should refuse no pertinent evidence, he says
whether for or against the prisoner.
It seems 10 US that the action Of oul
Judges rather than the action of juries calls
for criticism at the present time. The
growing disposition on the part OF the bencl
to interfere with the lawful province o.
jurors is viewed with constantly increasing
dissatisfaction 10y the public. The people
want no indictments except such as ar,
freely found; no verdcts except such as are
freely rendered; and no Judges who seek {,
force either from reluctant jurics.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25
The Army ms n Railroad Police.

While the members OF Congress from
Texas and other frontier States are crying
out for an increase OF the army that their
constituents may be defended from the Mcxi-
cans, the newspaper organs Of JAY GOULD,
THOMAS A. ScoTr, and other railroad mag
mates insist that we need a greater military
force for the protection Of railroad property
against mobs. Apostolic Indian war IL made
prctcxt for more troops in the West, and a
possible strike OF railroad employees Is used
for the same purpose in the East. Both are
flmsy enough. but the demand OF the rail-
road men Is by far the moro impudcnt.
Tho assumption that the state authori-
ties of any State have not the nccdful power
TO put down mobs, is completely disprovcd
by tho experience OF New York last sum
mer. Our National Guard then showed it.
self adequate To cope with an uprising
quite as formidable as that which did 80
much damage in Pennsylvania. That the
Pennsylvania militia failed to meet the
emergency, is n very good reason for re-
organizing and improving that militia, but
1t IN no reason for substituting for II United
States troops. Assurodly, IL does not pre-
sent an argument for providing the rail-
roads OF the country with police force at
the national expense. To do such n joh
efIcctually would require an army OF at
least 100000 mon, and the danger to say
nothing OF the expense, OF having an army
like this on foot, under the command Of n sin
gle ambitious and INSCRIPTIONS head, needs
no dcnunciation.
Tho pusillanimous capitalists and Other
old grannies Of the country, both in and out
OF pctticoats, who are anxious for n stand
ing army as defence against strikers
| Communists, and other fcrocious creatures
of their Imagination, had better consider
Asop's fable Of the horse and the stag. TIL,
horse, EsoP tells us, asked man TO he'll
him fight the stag. and the man consented
on condition that the horse would allow him
self to be saddled and bridlcd. and riddcl
with spurs This was done. and the stag wa
put to flight with great success; but whcl
the task had been accomplished, the maI
refused TO get of the horses back and uscC
the bit and spur TO compel him TO serve him
whether he would or no. We have seen 10,
much. in both this and other countries, o
the uses to which n large standing army cal
be put, to be willing To be saddled and brides
with one; and we are sure that the maiort.
Of the American people are Of the same dis
| position.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

bubbles OF Naval Solicitor BoLLEs, the
President OF the board cxactcd the most
rigid observance OF every formality In the
regulations, and on the 9TH OF February'
1878, II report was made az follows:
The board then proceeded to deliberate upon the evi
doncc in the case Of capt ItrrrRs hereto annexed and
marked rs afurc said aud also upon the tesdi errp'i
him Of the candidate and after mature dehbcrauon de.
cidcd that Capt WuLiAsN JKrrrRs U s N ~ not phys
icaly qualified to perform all his duties at sea"
This report was supposed to be final, but
BoLLrs was called in again to reverse It,
which he did by saying, This record is do
fective in both form and substance, and I
respectfully advise that II be dsapprovcd."
On the back OF that opinion the Fraudulent
President wrote:
E''cg Fly y Ni ,s,s
The finding in this report is disapproved
RIB HAYES
A third board was then ordered, and beau
tifully packed this time, consisting OF Medi-
cal Director DUvALL and Surgeons SPEAR
and TISKHAM. both OF whom were witnesses
for JEFFERs. and his ardent friends. They
met ON the 2lst of March, and the next day
certified that Capt. WILLIAM N. JET
FERs, L. $. ~. is physically qualified To
perform all his duties at sea, and recon-
mend him for promotion" Before. the ink
was dry on the report, BoLLEs endorsed,
This record Is correct In form and sub
stance. and the evidence sustains the find
ing and recommendation" And upon this
report of board BADLY organized to GER
tify qualifications that had already been
twice denied by the highest medical authori-
ties In the service, JEFFERs was nominated
for Commodore. and his name is now pend
ing before the Senate II the law can bC
thus perverted and cvadcd by gross favorit'
ISM and this Naval Solicitor may set aside
the findings of the most competent anC
skilled professionals upon the merest o.
shams. is not the form farce and an insult
And what is done in this case has been don,
in hundreds of Others until the navy Is ut
terly demoralizcd and has become dis
graceful burden, which ought to be abolished
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

Although promotions in the navy are reg
ulated by law they are practically CON
trollcd by favor. Tho statute is as follows:
40 officer shall be pr noted 10 higher grade the
active is Of the navy unul he has been examined Boy
board Of naval surgeons and pronounced physically
qualified To perform all his duties at sea-
Capt. WILLIAM n. JEFFERs, now Chief Of
the Bureau Of Ordnance, was recently noml-
mated To- the rank Of Commodore 1t j. no.
torious that for many years he has been
victim Of govt, by which his hands and
lower limbs are greatly disabled SO a. to
unfit him for sea service, On the 10Th Of
October, 1877, Mr.. THOMPSON addressed n
letter to Medical Director LANsDALE, dl-
Tecting him and Medical Inspectors DEAN
and GIBBS to form board of medical ex-
amincrs, to convene at the department that
day to determine the physical qualiica-
tuns Of such officers as may, by the Sccre-
tary of the Navy, be notified To appear be-
fore il as candidates for promotion
Under this order Admiral AMMEN, Chiefof
the Bureau Of Navigation and Office of De-
tail, directed the board by letter, dated Jan,
10, 1878, "to take up the case of Capt.
WILLIAM y. JEFFERs rs TO his physical
qualifications to perform all his duties at
titled on honor to the best Of his knowledge
and belief that he was physically quail
fled to perform all the duties Of naval OIL
Ger at sea" The Board of Medical Exam
incrs reported Jan II, 1873: eve have eX-
amincd Capt. W, \. JEFFERs, and find him
not physically qualified to perform all his
duties at sea-
Attached to the coach Of the Navy De-
pnrtmcnt is fifth wheel called tho Naval
Solicitor, run by john A. BoLLEs whose
chief business Is TO draw large salary, and
to work out the problem Of " how not TO dc
it lie recommended the finding to be dis
approved a. Irregular and void, because va
rious little technical forms had not been OBJ
served and because the head Of the board
had not signed himself a. President though
the report was in strict compliance with Mr.
THoMPsoN's order, The real objection wat
that Capt. JEFFERs had been condemned a,
not qualified to perform all his duties at SEA
as the law explicitly requires.
A second board was ordered, Jan. g. 1873
consisting Of Medical Directors LANsDALl
and GuNNELL, and Medical Inspectors
GlHoN, DEAN, and GIBBS. They were in
structcd that "thc physical qualification
Of tho candidate al the date Of the eXamlna
ton and at no other time will be examine
or reported" This restriction was INTENDED
to give JEFFERs the benefit Of a present con
dltion, and to ignore entirely his previou
disabilities from chronic gout. Every cx
pedleht WAS employed toget favorable re
port ana among the witnesses were Sur
ge"hs SPEAR and TINKHAM, who had saile
with him ten yea re- ago.
Warned by his former experience and tn
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25
shermsn's Angry Tone.

II Is not easy to reconcile the present angry
tone Of the sccro tary with his first expressions Of ndit
ference unless possibly he has discovered that the com
mitice is likely to into possession u evidence
throwing further light his The fact Is noto
rous that the object ii Mr. sherman and his Republican
associates was make that the scounircls who bad
once reversed the vote Louisiana should repeat the
crime In the interest Of the Republican Presidential nom
inec and in the ona and political interest also Of the
leading Visiting statesman" himself To what extent.
any he concerned in the irregularities not TO say
the forgery and perjury, to which Wells and Anderson
rcsorted may never be discovered but he could hardly
have been ignorant Ut their proceedings aud by
aging and endorsing their acts he Is morally involved In
their guilt The Wrtuous Indignation and protestauons
Of such a man can only excite public contempt.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

Judge SHERMAN PAGE of Mower county,
Mimi. is on trial by the Senate Of that State for
maieasanco in ofllcc. The charges are ten in
number and relate mainly to arbitrary and un-
lustinable exercise OF judicial authority PAGE
was especially hostile to the correspondent OF Il
st. Paul newspaper who had thrown light upon
some Of his acts Of petty tyranny, and without u
shadow Of legal warrant caused the CORE
epondont 10 be arrested and imprisoned. In
fact. he seems to have regarded himself as tho
despot of the neighborhood. and above the
forms Of law and the criticisms Of the press.
OF course, like all despots. he had mis- nattornrs
and followers. and with their aid ho for long
limo dencd Justice. But tho Legislature was
appealed to. and PAGE was Impeached. The re-
suit viii be interesting.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25
The Tnd or the Leunox Lecture Fuss.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUS-ST; The telr-
gram herewith Is the answer 10 an inquiry made OF Nr
John Drew of the Arch street Theatre phadclpha. IN
relation Ia the persistent statement Adelaide Lennon
made in recent l,ctIIe and pubi,htd by YOU Kindly
give IL Co. the public AMI uhirr JAKMrr PAtNfN
inmAptllnA. May - Tho statement you alludc To-
-, so iar ~ am concerned. car, un~auiialv false
never hN,d NJ the Metropolitan, never talked a. shabby
young lady there, never away diamond earrings
gave the advice attributed 10 me. either IN words or
spirit LOUISA nRAw
Nv pFtR SIR The ori-inal or cory uf tle letter pub
lishcd ON FRIDAY m lnf StN and signed hy YOU. Wa
never received hN mo A. you seem ny thc terms oi that
communication to Doe "n iull retreat Miss Lennon vii
not hArass Won Sho seeks controversy. She avoids
none Yours very truly AMI tratcruay.
Glu tVAris. Counsel ior Miss Ado aido Lennon
h /. ktsShLL Esu
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

Allegheny county must pay for goods de-
stroyed in the Pittsburgh riots If the rulings
and the verdict in test case lust ended are
sustained. The suit was 10 recover the value of
IA cons ignment Of whiskey that was destroyed
while ~ route from Cincinnati for Philadelphia.
and was one OF ten cases against the county for
which change II venue WAS obtained 10 Beaver
county. The defence was that the act making a
county liable was intended 10 apply 10 citizens
of that county only, that the disturbance was
moro than mob, was an instruction; and
that If the officers Of the railroad company
werc not at fault in having the property in
Pittsburgh, the owners could not recover. The
Judge ruled out testimony To prove these points
and the verdict was for the full amount de-
manded by the plnintIfs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25
A story All for the World.

1t is said that rolling stone gathers no
moss; but our globular contemporary, II it
gathers no lichens as 1t tumbes about, may
garner up wisdom II 1t will be attentive to
instruction. Will its accomplished editor
extract himself from the confusion Of the
elbows Of the Mincio. but not, we trust, from
the sympathics OF youth, while we relate
little story exclusively for his benefit!
1t is about the Hon. JAMES BURRILL, many
years ago United States Senator from
the then able and brilliant bar Of that State.
On one occasion Mr. BURRILL had been
arguing a novel question OF law very clabo-
iately before the Supreme Court Of that
State 1t so happened that in the very next
case called u somewhat similar point was
involved, and Mr.. BURRIIL was counsel for
the other side. He again rose TO address
the Court, but had proceeded but "A few
minutes when the learned Chief Justice in
terrupted him with the remark Mr.. BUR-
RILL, you are arguing the very opposite Of
what you contended for in the last case le-
fore Us. only an hour ago With his
politcst bow, and an air Of great solcmnity,
Mr.. BURRILL replied: May it please your
Honors-I thought was right then | an sure
am right now"
The application Of the anccdote will bc
too obvious 10 our bright contemporary to
require pointing out.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

Senator THURMAN presented n petition
Yesterday. from naturazed citizens Of Rhode
Island asking for the adoption Of an amend
ment to the Federal Constitution which would
make any discrimination against foreign born
citiz ms in regard TO the franchise impossible,
In Rhode Island no foreign-born citizen can
vote unless he owns real estate. whilo native
born cit2ens not owning real estate may vote
upon registering their names and paying n poll
tax Of 81. The property qualification, though
essentially unjust and un-American. is very
convenient for real estate owners for. once q
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

duccd to $4,000, while the number Of officers
was only reduced TO 2,15i. with such an
historic fact before him. Mr.. HEWITT need
hardly be mealy-mouthed about bringing
down the cost Of the army, nor about de-
stroylng the existing timo-honorcd ratio
four years old-bctwecn the number Of OIL
cers and the number Of mon
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

The venerable PETER COOPER, who is now
at eighty seven. defending a libel suit growing
out OF his canvass for the Presidency in 1876.
may not have carried single State. hut he is
Just as much entitled TO the place RS HAYES who
failed to carry enough 20 elect him. 1t matters
othing how far the candidate falls short Of the
majority. or how near he comes to 1t. So long
as he doesn't get 1t. he is defeated. and can
only DO made President 10y overriding the will
Of the people. PETER COOPER is an honest man.
and he would never be the receiver Of stolen
goods.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1878-05-25

The decision Of the Court OF Appeals in
the case OF HENRY A. MANN. late Treasurer Of
Saratoga county. is important. Mann WIS con-
victcd Of forgery in having signed and issued
obligations OF the county without authority so
to do. The judgment and conviction arc re-
vcr-ed. all tho Judges concurring, upon the
ground that MANN could not be convicted OF
forgery in signing his own name to the instru-
ment claimed to have boon forged that the in
strument purported to be-. and was in fact his
act, and that its inynlidity, if it were invalid
depended upon a want ~ authority TO make IT,
Under this decision county trcasurers issuing
unauthorized bonds cannot be prosecuted foI
forgery in allxing their official signatures L
the bonds.