Richland beacon., 1878-02-16

,rammei his independent action Of governing
I'M. Church. Austrian intrigurs, and the ex-
cesses. in word and indeed, Of the Republi>
can. ai,er the French revolution Of February,
lS4S. and finally the assassination OF kcssi,
on November 18th. ls48, together with the
fac, tina, on the next day the populare, the
Civic Guard. the Gemadarmerie, troops OF
the line, aud the Roman Legion, besieged the
Qurinel and forced the Pope, whose Secre-
,ary. Monsiynore Palma, was shot down by
his side, to accept a radical ministry, at length
le, Plus TX TO escape from imprisonment IN
his own palace, and, disguised rs a simple
priest, TO seek refuge at Gaeta. Here lie was
received " ith great honor, and declarations at
attachment and Sympathy poured in upon HIM
from all parts Of the world.
He Immediately issued a protest against the
! acts of the Revolutionary Government. and
10 Fet ruary, 1919. he called upon the Ca'ho-
lie powers. particularly France, Spain, Aus.
tr,a and Naples, for armed asst stance. Rome
capi,ula,ed 10 the French forces on July LIST
lS49.
The Pope re.entered Rome on April 18th,
1850. Although he claimed partial a,n-
ne.,y, his progressive tendencies had, natur-
ally enough, been checked. and the reactions
a,y policy of the laie Cardinal An'onelii. his
Secretary for Foreign Affairs, became domi-
nant in his councils
On September 2iih, 1880, Plus TX, by a
letter apostolic, restored the Catholic hierarchy
il England, making. IN accordance with the
rese. walton of the Catholic emancipation hill,
no See at any city where there was Bishop
| Of the Established Church.
| In 1854. he invied the Bishops from all
parts Of Chri.trndo,n TO meet at Rome, and.
with their consent, he formally defined the
doctrine of the immaculate Conception 10 he
dogma Of the Catholic faith. The cere-
mony took place al ST. Peters. December srh,
1854 Oh.r important acts of his Pontitcats
| have been the conclu> Of cO,corats with
Spain. 1851; Baden, 1854, and Austria. 1875;
| all Of winch have since been revoked ar an
nuiie,i; the foundation 1t Rome Of English
and American colleges for theological students
a bull of accommodation, March Goth
1860, and published with the usual for:naii
ties on March 29ih, against all persons con-
cerned in the invasion and dis'nembernen
of his dominions; his reform Of the great re
lsious bod e., begun l,y the encycl~aal ie'lef
Of June II. IS47, and since consummaie,i, Sc
as TO make the period OF probation more pro
t:acted and to raise the standard Of discipline
anu ltltcUccthdi udiHinei nc P"o"e"'', 'N
crmber 8. 1864. Of the encyclical Qudnfd
Cura, and the accompanying Syllabus, or cat
siusue Of propositions condemned by him u
different times; the celebration. in lS69-7o, u
the first session Of the Council OF the Vatican
which ended with decreeins and prom"gat
ing the dogma Of Pontiicsl lnfallIbiiity; thu
creation in the United States Of a vast Cath
Ollie hierarchy, crowned in Mach. 1875, u.
eieva,ing to the cardinalaie Archbishop Nc
CIoskry. Of New York; the conflict with th'
Russian Government, after 1863, in defens
of the Polish Catholics; and the conflict
which took place within the German I'm
: pire and the Republic OF Switzerland afte
the Council of the Vatican; ard. j: 1877, tn
restoration Of hierorcty in Scotland, witt
the full accord of the English Government.
Plus TX has conferred the honor Of canon
izaiion upon more persons than any one G
his predecessors. He completed the twenty
fifth year of his pon,iticate in June, 1877
and BY reigninx longer than any predecesso
he has contradic,ed the traditional words
Non Videbis axmos Pefri-used atLis corona
\ ton.