The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1878-04-24
Geographical Points of Interest.

Constantinople is situated on the
European side of the Bosphorus. The
town is inclosed .by a triple range of
walls twelve and one-half miles in Cir
cumferance and entered by twenty-eight
gates. 1t has a university, erected in
1847; naval, military and medical col
leges and Offices for journals printed in
six different languages. Two bridges OF
boats connect the city with Galata, and
an underground railway from Galata to
Pera is nearly completed. Constantine
pie has at various times suffered severely
from fire. It has also been subjected to
numerous sieges, but it has only been
twice taken-in 1904 by the Crusaders,
and by the Turks in 1853, an event
which marked the destruction of the
Roman Empire in the East. It has a
noble harbor, extending for about four
and one-half miles, deep enough to float
1900 sail of the line. The population,
according to the most recent authorities,
is estimated at 615, 000-viz.: 900, 900 in
Stamboul, $50, 0O0'in Pera, Galata and
other European suburbs, and $4,000 in
Scutari and the Asiatic suburbs (on the
other side of the Bosphorus). About
sixty per cent. of the inhabitants are
Turks; the remainder are Greeks,
Armenians, Jews, Franks. etc.
Adrianople, founded by Adrian, is
situated 1877 miles W. N. ". of Constan-
tinople, on the banks of the Tundia, near
it's confluence with the Martha. Next
to Constantinople, Adrianople is the
most important city in Turkey. 1t has
a population of 62, 900, of whom %, 900
are Turks, 5000 Greeks, $4,000 Bull
g~arians, and the remainder Spanish,
Jews, Armenians, gipsies and Franks.
In 1860 Adrianople was taken by the
Turks, who made it the seat of govern
ment until 1853, whenthey got possession
of Constantinople. In 1929, Adrianopie,
without resistance, surrendered to the
Russians. but was restored by the treaty
signed there on the 10th of September
of that year. It has recently fallen into
! the hands of the Russians a second time.
Gallipoli is a seaport town, province
of Roumelia, on the northern shore OF
the Hellespont, at the entrance to the
! Sea of Marnora, ninety miles south of
Adrianople. 1t is situated on a PENN
sula, and is protected by two forts. It
is one of the chief stations Of the Turkish
fleets. Its trade is principally in corn,
wine and oil, and it has several well fur
nished bazars. A part Of the Anglo
French army landed here in 1854. Popu-
lation, so, 600. It is defended on the
land side by the strong line of Bulair.
The Golden Horn is the principal har-
Dor of Constantinople. It separates Pera
and Galata from the capital.
Besika Bay, lies between the Island OF
Tenedos, andthe mainland of Asia Minor,
a few miles south of the entrance to the
D%ardanelles.
The Dardanelles, or Hellespont, is q
/ strait joining the Me li%terranean to the
Sea of Marmora. It is about forty miles
in length, and varies from one to -four
. miles in width. The straits are protect
ed by eight forts On the European side,
mounting 1888 guns.
The Bosphorus is a strait connecting
the Sea of Marmora with the Black Sea.
It is seventeen miles in length, and varies
/ in width from one.half toone-and-a-quar-
ter miles. At the narrowest part of the
channel, about eight miles from its
south entrance, there are two forts fol
the defense of the strait. =
The Sea of Marmora extends in length
from Gallipoli to the head of the Gulf OF
Izmid-177 miles; its greatest breadth If
rather more than fifty miles. At its east
end is group of islands called Princes Is,
lands, lying about ten miles from, Con
stantinople. :
The Black Sea is connected with the
Sea of Azov by the Strait of Kertch OF
Yenikalch. It's greatest length is zoo
miles; greatest width $50 miles, and
total ares 172, 900 square miles. All &C.
cessible points have been protected with
t%orpedoes. Fttfr 80: =