The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1878-04-04

sock TO sock all day when once started,
and never for moment calls for human
aid. The yarn can be SO arranged IS 70
knit striped or figured socks. and tie cost
per pair for khitiilg is one-ftird Of Aay
Ia 1910 iwenty men were employed in
making wood screw, aud these men
turned ont Is q task $4,000 screws daily.
Two girls can now in day by machinery
turn out zoe, 900 screws, Of a better quail
ty and all pointed like gimlet 30 rs TO
bore their own holes in the wood when
used.
Twenty five years ago in New Engla 40
all shoes were made by hand. and man
seldom sat at the bench all day, but
usually piled some other trade till night
fall, and then went to his lasts. To-day
ployed daily in perfecting piece of the
able to do anything on the shoe by
hand.
Forty.fve millions OF pairs of sewed
shoes and fifty-fye millions of pairs Of
pegged shoes were made and sold by the
manufacturers of the United States in
1877, and eighty-fve per cent. of the
work done on these shoes was done by
machinery. The uppers are cut out by
hand, simply because of the variableness
of the quality Of the leather in the same
skin. The soles are cut out by machip
ry, and the binding, pasting, closing,
crimping, stitching, heeling and polish
ing are all done by machinery without
the aid of human hand.
The strongest sewed shoes are stitched
with wire screw thread, each stitch BE-
, ing actually screwed in and the screw
cut off by an automatic machine, the cx-
act thickness of the sole, whether it be
thin as in the shank or thick as under
the ball Of the foot, OF still thicker as
through The heel.
Nine hundred pegs are driven in q
| shoe in minute. -Four hundred and
fifty thousand bushels of pegs were used
last year, and all made by machinery.
The pegs in four pairs Of mems shoes
cost one cent.
The cost Of shoes is no less now than
when made by hand, because labor is
much higher and leather is dearer. In
1855 I cost 1925 to make o pair of ladies'
gaiters of the finest quality. Now the
same shoe can be made FOR $3.50. Then,
females did most Of che binding and
stitching at so cents per cay; now they
get $l.3O per day for attending the ma
chinery. Then, men who lasted and did
tho sewing got 81 per day, now they get
$3.50. The stock in such s.-oes il now
WS.th ,sat 90 per cent. more than it was in
1855. Then man by hand made six
pairs women's shoes in day; now one
man and boy or woman will by me-
chinery make twenty times as much.
So perfectly ia everything made for this
kind of manufacture, that neither time
nor scrap of material is lost. Last fall
shoe manufacturer was burnt out in
Lynn on Wednesday. Thursday he re-
ceived his insurance and rented another
house; Friday, ordered hia new machin.
cry from Boston, only nine miles off; re.
ceived it on Saturday; put It up on Mon.
day, and on Tuesday had oil his force al
work turning out as many pairs of shoes
as he had done before the fire., 400
pairs every day. There is q royalty oi
two cents on every pair of pegged, and
of three and a quarter cents on every
pair of sewed shoes made by machinery
There were over $8,000,000 worth OF
leather exported IN 1877, and yet heavy
duty is levied upon leather.
There were 100000 lasts made in the
United States in 1877, all turned by ma
chinery.
In the manufacture of cotton and
woolen goods ninety hands now in sixty
hours do the work that two hundred and
fifty-six hands did in seventy-Eix and 6
half hours fifteen years ago, and though
their wages have increased forty per cent
she cost 0f manufactured articles mas been
greatly reduced. 1t costs three and hall
cents per yard to make calico, and Wanr.
sutta goods are now sold in the London
market, but yet the policy of our govern.
ment thinka it proper to impose duty
of from thirty to fifty per cent. upon al
classes of cotton and woolen goods
Ne,cs and Courier.